The Express.
London, England, 1861-04-18 00:00:00

POLAND.

(non • oomtverommer.)
WARSAW, APILIL 10.
Yon are already aware that when on Saturday,
the 6th instant, it was reported that the Agricul-
tural Society was dissolved, the people received
the news with indignation. Next morning the
streets and squares were filled with crowds.• At 12
o'clock more than 50,000 people had assembled
before the house of the Land Credit Society, num-
bers of garlands of flowers were thrown on the
balconies, which were literally covered with them,
and patriotic songs, including Dombrowski's march
(" Poland is not yet lost ") were sung by the
crowd. They then proceeded to Count Andrew
Zamoyaki's palace, and sent him a deputation from
among themselves to express their grief at the new
order issued by the government, which dis-
solved the soaiety, and thank him far all the
proofs he had given of his real devotion
to the public good. On being persuaded to
appear at the balcony, Count Zamoyski thanked
the people for this expression of their sympathy,
but begged and prayed of them to keep quiet and
refrain from any extreme measures, as the future
of their country depended upon the maintaining a
temperate and dignified attitude. The crowd dis-
persed quietly, but re-assembled in the Cracow
suburb, where it filled the square before the castle.
Suddenly a detachment of Cossacks and a battalion
of infantry made their appearance, and placed
themselves in line in front of the castle. The people
were summoned to retire, but refused to do so
until the soldiers were recalled. The Viceroy
came out on foot. with a whip in his hand, and
cried to the people " domoi I" (go home), to which
they answered that they were at home, but that it
was for him to go away. The Viceroy, after a mo-
ment's pause, which must have appeared an insup-
portable one to him, determined on returning to
his palace, and was greeted with derisive bravos,
hisses, and shouts of laughter on his way. A little
later he again came out, but this time on horseback,
and asoompanied by • battalion of infantry.
They seemed to be undecided as to the course
which should now be taken. The people still
filled in crowds the square and the street.
The soldiers were ordered to advance in close order,
then to charge, and thus to sweep the streets. The
troops advanced slowly and the people retired ; they
were then halted, and ordered to shoulder their
arms. The soldiers then retired, followed by the
people. The crowd was begged to retire, and con-
sented to do so when the soldiers should be with-
drawn. On this being done, the bravos of the
people filled the air, after which they quietly dis-
posed to their homes. Next morning, it being •
holiday, the streets were filled with people. Several
deputations from the citizens were refuted admission
to the castle. At 4 o'clock, the body of one of those
who had returned from Siberia and had died the
day before yesterday, was to be removed from the
Protestant church to the cemetery. About 20,000
followed the hearse. Meanwhile a squadron of
gendarmes, a sotnia of Cossacks, and a battalion
of infantry had formed in line before the castle,
where some cannon was also got ready. Several
people were walking in the street, mostly composed
of women. At Iso'clock J.— was re:srning from a
patient in the old town, and in passing from St.
John-street to the Castle-square he saw a cab, in
which were two women, attacked by gendarmes,
who would not allow the cabman togo on to Podwal-
street, whither he mid he was taking the women.
They struck him, knocked him down with their
sabres, and then took him to the castle with the
earriage. Just then an officer, accompanied by a
drummer, after beat of drum, loudly declared that
if the crowd did not disperse, they would be fired ,
at. There were very few persons in the street at
the time. A poslchaise passed, and the postilion ,
played the air "Poland is not yet lost." The ,
officer again advanced with the drummer, and again
read aloud the summons to retire. The same was
repeated a third time. The few people who were
on the pavement did not stir. But the crowds who
were at this moment returning from the funeral came
out of Senator-street, singing hymns. The troops, on
seeing this compact mass of people approach, received
them with a volley. A great many were wounded,
and some killed on the spot. The crowd threw
away their stick'', fell on their knees, and sang the
national hymn ; and on this crowd, that implored
the justice of heaven, the troops fired. They also
fired in the direction of the Cracow suburb, killing
' about ten, and wounding a hundred. Here, too,
at the first shot, the priests of the church of the
Bernardins came out with their crosses, fell on
their knees, and sang hymns. The cavalry then
charged on them, throwing down and cutting to
pieces all in their way. The troops seized the
dead and wounded, and dragged their still palpitat-
ing bodies to the castle. The others surrounded the
men and women who were kneeling before the
statue of the Virgin, and continuing their religious
hymns, ready to suffer martyrdom. Thus ended
this sad and dreadful day, on which the people
acted with a self-sacrifice truly sublime. This
massacre of unarmed people, who had even thrown
away their sticks to avoid even the shadow of a
provocation, was a massacre much more sacrilegious
than that in Syria. Upwards of 30 were killed on
the spot, and more than 200 wounded ; but iu order
to take away all proofs of the falsehoods the govern-
ment was about to spread in Europe, the dead were
carefully kept from the bands of the citizens.
On Tuesday evening, the newspapers published the
narrative of these two days drawn up by the go-
vernment. The Russians are, both by nature and
principle, false and deceitful. This time they gave
another proof that they are always the same. They
aaserted, in the most unblushing manner, that the
people head attacked and killed two Russians.
These two Russian were soldiers belonging to Vie
detachment which acted as • patrol, and was just
passing the crowd in Senator-street, when the
troops fired. A certain Col. Reuter, I believe, who,
with Liprandi, Chorlew, Kotzebue, and Painutin,
were opposed to firing on unarmed persons,
on receiving the order to fire, went into
the Viceroy's rooms and blew h;s brains out. During
the night of Tuesday all the dead who had been
taken into private houses were removed, and num-
bers of people whose names are as ye.. unknown
were arrested. The town is in • state of intense
e=citement and anxiety. The people wished to
avenge themselves by re-enacting the Sicilian Ves-
pers. Fortunately, the more moderate party has
succeeded in restraining them by pointing out the
uselessness and wickedness of such an act.

M. Wolowski has been appointed Director of
Justice in place of M. Drzewiecke, who M. Wielo-
polski had taken care to get rid of, as he had not
ga►ned his famous lawsuit with Messrs. Bwidainaki.
But to-day M. Wolowski resigned. M. Secewiez,
who had been temporarily appointed, vice M.
Muchanow, has also resigned.
This is all I can tell you at present. lamin a
hurry,lw I am indebted to Mr. fur permission
to send you this letter through him.
God grant that this may have a happier ending
than I foresee ; bu;,- I fear that this complete want
of decision and order on the p►rt of the Viceroy
will produce something more dreadful still.

Wass or Pitanonutrr SY Barri= Bur.lmmilt
The Bill invades:44 by Lard Klnowlown to amend the
law with respect to wills of personal estate made by British
saltieete has been printed. It provides that wills made out
of the kingdom are to be admitted if made according to the
law et the place where made. Web made in the kingdom
we to be admitted if sada according to local mar. Chant*
of desWieissolito invalidate the will. Nothing in the
set le be iavalidate wills etherente made. The act ex-
, Made only to wills awl other testamentary inehrements made
hyperons who die arise its paining.
Ilrnrax FAMINE Ratan FUND. The total
amount received by the Lord Mayor in aid of the Indian
Relief Fuod up to last eveniag was nearly 50,0001. Among
the_riseipal donations received daring the day were—Earl
al Illesnesse, 1001. ; B. 8., 501. ; Mandalay, Boa. and Field,
AM.
t.The list of donations will appear is the advection-
hama