The Express.
London, England, 1850-04-30 00:00:00

UNITED STATES.

In our yesterday's impression we were enabled to
give, in addition to the American news received by
the packet-ships Parliament and Ashburton, an ab-
stract received by electric telegraph of the news
brought by the royal mail steam-ship Europa. The
Europa's dates are : New York, 1 'kb inst., and
Halifax to the 20. h.
A fall resund of the news by this arrival will be
Sound in the subjoined letter front our New York
correspondent:
NEW YORK, APR= 17.
Slam my last we have had the usual round of easitimest.
From Washington we leant that there is every probability of
a chaage is the cabinet, and for causes not very creditable
to the party at the head of Wain It is now pretty well
understetd that General Taylor filled his departments
chilly at the isistasee of a few aesthete friends, and among
them, lir. Toombs, a member of Coegnm, was conspicuous.
All the gentlemen 'elected bad loeal npestatioa, and were
apparently aseleeptionable. With the public generally, I
fermi at Met very Lemareble opinions of these gentleman,
sad so eapremed them. Subsequently, 1 began to semen Mr.
Cleves of bsiag tither tee Motive, or too easily led. 1
ceased to speak of the ether parties, for they seemed to have
dived We a pcditical Ledie. General dimmest soon pre-
vailed moor the whip, at the nepotism and favouritism
white prevailed Is the selestion of officers; the friends of
Oeseral Taylor IMO sway when shoved into the back
mead, to give pass Is his seem bitter opponents, and this
meet siagniar poll., was dimmed in all the acts cf the de-
pimiento. la the Nies/ems quoins, a party speculator
appeared to hen the control of Mr. Clayton's mind, and is
the measgemmet el the treasury deportment Mr.
Meredith ovidsatly meted with the feels/ of an attorney's
clerk. When Congress ems together the aabinst seemed
to nen no it.duracie sad to wean se support, yet the Pris
sideut notwitustuding retained his reputation fee honesty
sad imam of shassessr. had is sans might have ma-
halms for some time, *leapt for a single transonic*, which
has neatly some to light—l mesa the Galphia claim. It
tuns out that an old claim of a Mr. GAphis, antecedent is
its aril& to the 'present constitstioa, has for many years
beta pressed epos Coignes sad la vais. It was foseded en
an advance made in mattrials sae services rendered to one
somber state of the coaled/cation, and after mein to be
urged for the benefit of the original claimant, became finally
a matter of speculation with the Georgia l.wyers. Them
gentlemen, living in a state not marked by much somerr•
dal enterprise, not accustomed to the marts of trade, or the
refits arising from internal improvements, would naturally
take up any speculation in which they could teen the only
Jolliness they had, and that was necessarily and purely a
patina one. They, therefore, tamed the claim shout among
themeless, like a common football, sad at length it was
caught up by the ate Mr. Forsyth, when Secretary of
Slate, and more recently by Mr. Crawford, Seas
tart of War. For years and years It met with
no success, It was repudiated at Washington,
from time to time, reported against by all
the regular accouataata, and yet was at last in part
revived under the dexterous managemest of a clerk of the
Bone of Representatives, who, at the close of a former
mesies, contrived so to plasm it on its calendar, is cousectioa
with another private claim of • more popular character, es
to rat it maid. It became a law, end under that law
40,000 dais. wen paid to ratinguith the claim. When the pre-
sent cabinet more in, Mr. Crawford, the &unary of War,
was ens most deeply interested in its fate. Not satisfied
wi h having received the principal, he demanded a long
enter of intuit. His demand was again ink cud by the
chief accounting officer ; but hie friend the Attorney General,
in oppoeiMn to the decisions of his predimeirs, decided that
the interest should be paid. The &mew, et the Treasury,
another friend, then resolved to pay it, and Mr. Crawford
was sem eaatiled to plies 100,000 Mis. to known credit with
a beaker at Witabiagton. As coos as the farts leaked out,
General Taylor stormed his displeasure at the transaction.
Congress began to investigate it, end a committee of the
louse is mew May in the affair. Mr. Crawford, the Secre-
tary of War, indignently maintains that hie interest in the
Oaths was well known to the public, and that he
has only enforced the rights of a private Mines.
But the public say, that Kr. Crawford has used his offidel
Ulnae* to obtain money from the treasury, which he could
sot obtain it, any other way. Be the report of that com-
mittee what it may, he is raised in the public
sad his resisnatfos or removal is a matter of certainty ;
esd Mr. Meredith awl Mr. Johnson will also have to retire,
miles they can clear themselves. Mr. Evans, from Maine,
a man of great ablity, is spoken of as the wow secretary of
the treasury, d Mr. Webster, as the new seentary of state
General Taylor's real d inanity is in the knowledge of our
politicians, sad it is very possible that he may gather around
him a new alias% quite as ler theist as the t Id one.
The slavery timid* is still debated to the 'exclaim of ill
otherbasiar mu Therm enl feel* o' the people is that it most
in some way w other he arranged. Various propridUess have
been made, as ye, with no resells. The last poiat made is
the senate is, whether California shall be admitted in as act
by herself, or whether is that set shall be embreeed laws re.
gaieties the territories of New Mezice and Visit. The
dilemma le thy.: even the southern mien will is the main
be obliged to a.nit California, on the strength of their
owe favourite Minn, that each state is the mole proper
talsitiewe: the character of Itsdomande iustitutions. U
ia gets into the Maim, without any provision beim
made for the territories, this is the hone, the Wilmot pro.
vise may be attached to the subsequent eft maladies the

ternaries; an time the tenth will some out neon beet is
the eseillier. Mr. On end Mr. Wane ban .0114 111 ikaTh
all than. dilatant' niacin by pining on bill to erne the
whole pond; Mr. Butes is lee aspirating tam. lie has
bees defeated in tie object so far. And se the matter rests
for the pietist II the Senate.
A nrieau petition was prisentrd to this body the other
day, by some sboliti mists. It wag to the ogees, that a the
militia duly of the sentry was aow=Clitorlental
the whin. a law should be AIM peon
laths. potting arms in their= and Instrashig Ilan la
the art of war. The petit's& a souses met with me Meer,
for aotwithetnalag the beast at the mothers demehelists,
that their slaw are faithful, and would in M. of a thaitare
COMMONS aggressions ea the seal, they Md all nuns to
like*" propealtion at all. It was entalali as aptness
way of teeing their sincerity, and It did so.M Ctlllay.
Ws have rime an that the Niearegsa wain is about to
be settled on the most entionle tents, that the Mosquiti
protectorate will be no anger urged, as • seenity, use any
elitism wider it be enforced- "saint the United Ban. On
Sling bantam, no British neater at Washington WV ever
ball es repass or so alas se Sir Henry Bawer. Ile pro-
ceeds in his segotiations with so mach frankness, such an
apparent respect foe our lime, institutions, sad
nee adapts himself to the spirit ii the ep as It is developin
itself ben, that be mesa with so eastern. He Is mialkled
in by mar pablie men. Mr. Clay mid Mr. Went', do met
Moline to advise him tithe real diMeulties is his way in
every Wasps. He has to resort to we finesse, and uprose
ao sopkiems. liverythlag is freely mad fairly en-
emata, sod what is foe the interest and the bo-
son of both nations is very speedily "greed upon.
With all this facility of cone shoo, Sit Henry
has greatly recommended himself to the American by a
nen% span made at • public diner in Baltimore. Mr.
Webster spoke float in his usual grand style, and dir Henry
followed, sod wow bags iafereado. He was asimated,
witty, elessial, historical, sad complimentary, taking hie
audiesee, and, I may say, the American people by storm
Indeed, I may add, for the moment, he threw even his
friend Mr. Webster into the shade, sad when I admit this,
I pay Sir Usury the very highest compliment In my power.
He was in all respects admirable, and has aade • profound
impreerin on the public mind. He is coming to New York,
ass he will receive every possible mark of &Undo!' horn
our imblie authorities.
With regard to the Canada' themeless, I have nothing
new. They appear to be very quiet, at least for the present.
They find, as I have before advised you, no sympathy what-
ever in the United States, and lentil they do, I believe they
can effect alining. In comas :in with the Californie emits
sent, rather on the increase than otherwise, our merchant"
hid shipowners have been very anxious to "end some of on,
largest lake steamers to the omen by way of the Cimino'
canal.. It Ms been found impnetieable nadir existing
regulations, and so now our speculators transfer their vessels
to their Canadian friends, and • new register being taken
out, they peas town as British bottoms. The difficulty after.
wards consists in making them Amnion again, but it is not
very much nor very important under our present commercial
arrangements with year country.
Siammy !net we have had • fresh batch of arrivals from
and &panne for California. A million and a half of gold was
on the manifest of the Cherokee, her passengers brought half
a mWkn mon, and by the Empire City a million more came
so band. The accounts brought by these vessels were as
flattering as ever. The mines wen unusually productive,
and the Inas of emigraam great. Upwards of one thou-
sand women had arrived in • short time from Sydney,
and, I am sorry to any, their mission was by no
means equivocal. Great apprehensions are entertained
by the Americans at these arrivals from your convict
colonies, and the new comers are very plainly told tint, if'
they become a nuisance, they will he put to death without
mercy. You must undarstend that, notwithstanding the
anomalous candid*. of California, the greatest respect is
there paid to private right. Property, whether legaily pro-
tected or not, is perfecily snare ; %behests almost unknown ;
but the vice of the country is gentians. It is already infested
by all the blacklegs of the world. There are also courtesan
thereono live in the most sumptuous and 'uttermost manner,
realising damn& of dollars every week by their shameless
trade, sad straws as you may think it, there are houses
in San Francisco which ere already furnished with the meet
beautiful of English Wiltoa) ass to and the last halms
of the Paris drawing rooms. A friend of mime, whom I
knew when at collet*, ahr hit • year sines bid me adieu on
departing for San Francisco. He chartered • 'chooser,
OW
himself to • small company of friends, and took oat •
vesture of a few thousand dollars. I was surprised
a few days shin by his entrains into ay counting-
room. H. had green grey fa the interim, but he
was as gay and aineable &sever. In rrply ismy thread of
questions he said, " I can give you no idea of Califonia : it
is far beyond anything you have yet heard. I made a
small fortune daring the few months I was gone ; and, had
I only known what I was to ant there, I could have suds •
very large one. lam going out again • for I have left he-
hiad me lots and homer proctoring • la;ge rental. I sold
my own private stores set a high price. My butter brought
me on dollar and a hall a pound, and my brandy five
dollue • bottle at the man Any one who
is • ovular business must succeed, no matter
what his employment may be. I lived, with a
LtW mommy, on a dollar a day, but then are some
men in California who nun to spend • million • mints.
Property will fall, houses and rents an theapet, but the as-
ossories and libraries of life will always command a high
price while the gold remain*, and it will remain for ever.
As business biomes more systematised the value of things
will be more regular ; the silver, the quicksilver, and the
platioa are yet to bee Mae staples. A flourishing trade with
the Sandwich Islands has commenced, China goods are also
pouring into San Francisco, and there is no knowing what
is to happen. That city may is are years' time contain
300,000 inhabiiants."

inch (somewhat condensed) were the remarks of ray an-
cient friend, assd they are entitled to consideration. From
this port 1,200 peenegen have sailed for Chains within
the last few days, and large cargoes of goods are going
roared the Hors. Extreme SIUM&11011 is displayed is every
, branch of baseisem, and I can truly ray that gold is appa-
,
gently aeon abundant than .ilver. In my own business,
payments are constantly made in gold and never in silver.
The effect upon oar people is odd enough. Every week
we have a large number of returned Californians with quan-
tities of gold. Generally they come back as soon as they
have acquired enough to purchase prodactlve farms, or sea
settle their families. Th.re is* vary striking peculiarity in
all these arrangements, which I have alluded to before. The
wives end children of the absent Californians are invariably
first takes care of. They have the first earnings, and nest
same the ,01,1 creditors. A very large number of debts has
been paid off by Cslifornian cold, and that too after the
statute of limitations had attacked.

-----6Einis7ails ;;;;IT, thu city. I meetly not bin at
the countiag-house of Howland and AspinwalL He hoes
Tory youthful appearance, bat diatoms great energy sad
yet suavity of mouser. He is certsialy • very remarkable
person sad every way worthy of hie mood fortune. His
whole career is one of romance, from the time he ran away
with Col. Benton's favourite daughter doves to the preen,
moment, when he is a seuator•eleet from California, and, in
prospect, the richest man in the United States, if not in the
world. I should not be in the least surprieed if be yet be-
came* a popular idol, and so President of the United Beata.
MORI C Uft.

LATER FROM AMERICA.
(By Ekeetzie Telegraph tram Now York to Halm)

North Megrim* ant, European Toleigraph
Ageacy Officio, Liverpool, April 29,1860.
We have just received our extraordinary telegra-
phic despatch from New York, Now Orleans, and Wash-
ington, rood electric telegraph to Halifax, bringing saws and
dates conuderalgy later than those brought by the reviler
Illes and 'deices per steamer. By this means of communi-
cation our advice@ extend to Now Orleans. April 18, 6 p.m. •
_pra
New York, April 19, 6. ; and from Wesbingtoa to the
mains of the 18th. The letter of oar Halite: agent is as
follows :

Commercial Telegraph-Ales, Halifax, N.BL, April 19,
1830, 11 o'clock. p.m.—We have received through the Nova
Scotia, New Brunswick, and Halifax Seas exclusive intel-
-I,gence from all parts of the American cont&ent, two and a.
half days later than is embraced in the lettere or papers
that go to England by this week's steamer, a brief summary
of which is herewith forwarded.

ware of Tb•l.7dteietatos, on the 17th, daring a
debate IS California and slavery, a violut altercation occurred
between Bonus and Foote, in the coarse of which Foote
drew • pistol and aimed at Beate& Foote was immediately
disarmed, and% committee of investigation appointed. On
the 111th a resolution wu passed in the Brame, referriag the
',hole question of California and the territories to • row
'situ* of 13, to report • plan for compromise. The coin.
since is not yet appointed. It is settled the cabinet will not
be dissolved.