The Northern Daily Times.
Liverpool, Merseyside, England, 1853-12-09 00:00:00

tin. TO OUR MANCHESTER SUBSCRIBERS.

. . .
Offi'Manchesier friends will please observe, that our
Publishing-qtfice in that town will, on Monday,
December 12th, be removed from 9, Princess-street,
to'N'9. 91, MARKET-STREET. On and after
the same date, the NORTHERN DAILY TIMES will be
'delivered in. Manchester every morning at Seven
O'OloCk.

• - CHARLES WILLMER, PUBLISHER.
ijec.- 9th, 1853.

TO CORRESPONDENTS.

Wliatker is intended for insertion must be authenticated
by the name and address of the writer; not necessarily for
Iltliblidation, but as a.guarantee of his good faith.
Wel,bannot undertake to return rejected communications.

Vl' communications, Books for Review, etc., to be for-
,,"-ittirded to the Editor must be addressed to the Publisher,
Cu'ART.Es WILLMER, and those from London may be sent
tv'the care of Messrs. Simpkin, Marshall, and Co.

▪ littljtrit
hsrohtitia m:
TH
EA T ILE ROYAL.
,KITZPATRICK whose successful debut in Lon-
zid9ll",• )
,tinbsequent tour in the United States ,• have distin-
-444' her as one of the
'principal artistes in comedy, is
engaged. for EIGHT nights Y
MISS FITZPATRICK having
been received with the gre°antest—
LOVE CHASE
the character of
,_"_Constance," the Comedy of THE CHASE will be
repeated -4.111 ff, .MvDwirro (FRIDAY) December 9th. To
_o2.oAusle,with OUR MARY ANNE.

MISS CUSHMAN
tilipdar at this Theatre on Thursday, December 16th,
in the character of
1,2 B;ANC.ty," in Millinan's Tragedy of FAZIO !
Being engaged for that night only.

•14tinia '
NEWSPAP. „::,
.sion : Dress Boxei, 4s. ; Upper Boxes, 3s. ; Pit, 28.;
Performances commence
".../ ',-'''.::Z.-1-41,ii- w.... . . ten at half-past six.
1":' .';'• ~,`-4.1,1s 8 • , . lock precisely.
i 7-
- - 'fr. -,'.."'?"1,1e"'„ . Office is open from Ten till Three o'clock daily;
1
-$.-4'=,l,- fcrt,.-14:tilgtt Ues --iid-taking. Private boxes, under, the
1,0\;..'4,---t, are-etteit-fif Mr. T. Shuttleworth. .
\ ..,kl/4'-----;---- k !7. Children in am* not admitted.
SAIV II A 9 I\l
1•111:411.1,1101•1

ROYAL AMPHITHEATRE.
Sole .Lessee, TV. R. Copeland, 15, Great Charlotte-street.

PABLO FANQUE
Respectfully announces that he has OPENED the above
AMFIIITHEATRE FOR A LIMITED' SEASON, with one of the
largest Companies of EQUESTRIANS now travelling—
composed of all Nations—Europe, Asia, Africa, and
America! An extensive stud of TRAINED HORSES and
PONIES, PERFORMING MONKEYS, DOGS, &0., &C.
The Entertainments are agreeably diversified by those
UNRIVALLED SONS OF MOMUS, Messrs. HENRY BROWN
and S. LOCKRART.

Doors open at a quarter to seven o'clock, and the Per-
forinance to commence at half-past seven.
Prices of Admission—Dress Circle, 35.; Side Boxes, 2s. 6d.;
Pit, Is. 6d. ; Stalls, Is. 6d. ; Gallery, 6d.
Second Price—Dress Circle, 2s. ; Side Boxes, Is. 6d. ;
Pit; Is. ; no second price to Gallery or Stalls.
Secon Price taken at nine o'clock to the Dress Circle,
Side Boxes, and Pit only.

ROYAL PARK THEATRE.
Parliament Street, near St. James's Market.

Tins EVENING, Friday, December 9th, 1853, the Per-
formances will commence with the popular Drama of
WEALTH AND POVERTY. After which, the Farce of
TWO EYES BETWEEN TWO. To conclude with
the popular Drama, of WALLACE. Wallace, Mr. George
Walton. Marian, Miss Marriot.
TO-MORROW (SATURDAY) evening, will be performed,
Shakspeare's Tragedy of ROMEO AND JULIET. Romeo,
M. George Walton. Juliet, Miss Marriot. To conclude
with DEMON STATUE ; or, THE SKELETON HAND.
Woolfgang, Mr. Donald. Lestelle, Miss Marriot.
Doors open at half-past six, commence at seven. Admis-
sion, Private Boxes, 25.; Boxes, ls. ; Pit, 6d. ; Gallery, 3d.

HIGH WATER IN THE MERSEY.
THIS DAY—Morning, 6h. 20m.... Afternoon, 6h. 51m.

FRIDAY, DECEMBER 9, 1853

MORE glorious victories! Advices have been
received from Constantinople up to the 25th
ult., of a most warlike character. They an-
nounce additional victories on the part of the
Turks, and the repulse and defeat of the Russians
in several successive engagements, viz., at Sahiltz,
after three sanguinary attacks—at the storming
and subsequent capture of the fortresses of Saffa
and Akirka, besides other victories at Abdi,
Bajazet, and Chaftakil. And yet we hear of pend-
ing negotiations, conferences, and an Armistice !
And in the face of such stern announcements, the

petty organs of Aberdeenism talk most seriously
of a peaceable up-shot to this bloody struggle !
should like to know whether " the God of all the
Russians " regrets his fatal policy—and if he
should not like once more, to have an opportu-
nity of accepting those terms which he has so
vauntingly despised. The details of the intelli-
gence thus briefly referred to, our readers will
find in another column.

THE proceedings of the Town Council of Liver-
pool, in the case of Mr. BRADLEY, puts us forcibly
in mind of " the mountain in labour bringing forth
a mouse I" After all the fuss, and bustle, and con-
fusion, and spasmodic throes, are over, lo ! we
have but. a bag of wind—an " airy nothing"—the
mere "fabric of a vision"—a puny sooterkin—
nothing more—
" The very mother would not know her son."

Corporate bodies but too often make their " little
brief authority" administer to the pettiest of tyran
Hies. They assume a jurisdiction never conceded
o theni;. and exercise a domination grievously
to be borne. Hence they have become odious in
the public eye ; and their dogmatism and domi-
neering, have earned for them no very enviable
name or fame. The conduct of the Council of this
Borough, in the case of Mr. BRADLEY, has been un.
paralleled. We know of no precedent whereby its
members could claim justification. They have as_
sumed privileges and responsibilities not even per-
mitted to those of the House of Commons ; as if
they had ra special carte blanche, and letters pa-
tent, to act irrespectively of law or authority.
Mr. BRADLEY is elected by the burgesses of a par-
ticular ward to represent their interests, and serve
in the Corporation of the Borough. He is subse-
quently nominated, and apppointed, to sit in the
Committees of the Council. By-and-by a contest
takes place in Vauxhall-ward, relative to the return
of certain candidates. Mr. BRADLEY takes an ac-
tive part therein, in favor of one whose election
he is desirous of promoting. Soon afterwards Mr.
HODSON directly charges him with bribery, on the
ground of having made certain pecuniary pro-
mises, and condescended to other malpractises,
in order to secure the return of the party for whom
he was interested—and that, as a member of the
Water Committee, he made clandestine use of the
knowledge thus afforded him, to attain his object.
Upon hearing of the charge, the Council imme-
diately suspends Mr. BRADLEY from exercising his
privileges as a member of certain Committees, and
directs that au investigation be made, and a report
be drawn up thereupon. That report was pre-
sented on Wednesday, at the monthly meeting;
and, as our readers will have seen from our last
number, a verdict of guilty was returned—not,
however, of bribery, but of having unlawfully and
improperly influenced a voter named STOPFORTH,
during the late contested election for the Vauxhall-
ward.

Now, we maintain that the course pursued by
the Council in suspending or prohibiting the ac-
cused member from the exercise of his functions
as a Committee-man was most unjustifiable and
unconstitutional. We thought it was the genius
of English jurisprudence that every one against
whom a misdemeanor is preferred is considered
innocent until found guilty—and hence our laws
alloW malefactors of every degree to plead " inno-
cent,".so that no advantage should be taken by the
accusing party. But in Mr. BRADLEY'S case what
is the fact? Why, upon the ex parte statement of
Mr. HODSON,—whose temper, perhaps, was rather
fiery at the time, having just escaped from the
Vauxhall seat of war, after a terrible coutest,
during which 'there was no powder fired—yet, npt-
withstanding, a terrible melee—the Council imme-
diately prejudges the merits of the case—degrades,
as far as they can degrade, one of their body, on
the strength of an unproven accusation ! He is
still a Town Councillor—that position he cannot
be deprived of—but he is not suffered to sit on any
Committee of that Council. Like SINBAD, they
are necessitated to bear the presence of one
they most gladly would get rid of. But " there's
the rub"—they can't ! So a new axiom has
been added to science, viz., that a part is greater
than the whole ! We have all been in the wrong (if
the Corporation of Liverpool be in the right) in
regarding the opposite as the infallible rule. But
wonders will never cease—as long, at least, as there
be nizy councillors and busy dabblers. Surely
what Mr. FERNIHOUGH stated was about the most
sensible remark made throughout the whole pro-
ceedings—" If a man is not qualified to sit as a
" member of a fraction of a body, he is not qualified
"to sit as a member of the whole body." Certes !

From beginning to end of this clumsy affair the
Corporation have assumed a false position and
adopted most unwarrantable and unprecedented
steps. Had the charge against Mr. BRADLEY
been such as was first affirmed, there was
legal redress sufficient, and they were honestly
bound to obtain the assistance of the Town clerk
in instituting a prosecution in the proper quarter.
If the offence charged was not of that henious
character 'to Warrant 'snob! e3tireni6 - • Oteps being
taken—then, we say, such a rumpus should not

have been kicked'Up—and the matter should have
been suffered to rest. View *it from what point we
may, no justification or even palliation can be
offered for the inquisitorial authority which those
amateurs of Justice have. thought it their good
pleasure to adopt.
.1-leaven save us from their
sway ! for we fear 'it would not partake of " the
character of mercy."
But from the incidental remarks which fell from
one or two speakers at the late meeting, it would
appear that the offence charged against Mr.
BRADLEY was not altogether confined to that
gentleman. In fine, it was plumply stated that
no single member of the Council could say " These
hands, are clean !" and that to " beer and bad
tobacco," one councillor boastingly attributed his
election to office ! Bad as the latter was, however,
some of the body seemed to " smoke" it—for cries
of " hear" and " laughter," followed i the admission
—no very creditable one, we must say, parenthe-
tically !

" Ich ache nur wie sich die Menschen plagen."

We hope that the intelligent Burgesses of this
important Borough will not permit such things to
pass unheeded or unremedied. Their character,
honour, influence, and interests, are materially
concerned in the class of representatives they
elect.- And if they do not in future exercise far
more vigilance than they have hitherto, those dis-
graceful and graceless exhibitions which, from
time to time, have been transacted in the Council-
chamber, will be repeated, and perhaps with in
creased turpitude, and to a far greater extent. We
shall return to this subject.

THE South Lancashire calendar for the present
winter exhibits a fearful picture of social degra-
dation, and impious vice. Its importance demands
a recurrence to the subject. In addition to the ordi-
nary catalogue of crimes which appear to be inhe-
rent in the very system under which we live, we
have that of murder by the knife. From whence
we have borrowed a taste for this terrible crime is
not the question. No less than seventeen wretches
'await their trial for stabbing; which number, when
added to the cases which have gone before them,
make an aggregate of 116 for -the present year.
These the learned Judge divides as foll6ws :—" Of
" the one hundred and sixteen, forty-seven belong to
" this town ; fourteen to all the rest of England ;
" forty-four to Ireland; one to Scotland ; one to the
" Isle of Man ; and nine to foreign countries." By
these figures it appears that Liverpool is becoming
notorious for knife murders ; and judging from the
rapid increase of the number of cases, it appears
to be an evil for which there is no remedy beyond
that which the law provides.

To 'prevent one man from stabbing another is
almost impossible. The very nature of the heinous
crime is impunity. The weapon employed in the
commission of the murderous purpose is almost
beyond the power of detection. A knife may be
carried in a man's hand in the public street,
without exciting-any suspicion. Nearly every man
employed about the docks and in warehouses
requires the use of a knife in his work. Every
tradesman must have a knife; and in fact it is an
instrument which is, and must ; continue, in con-
stant and universal use. Nothing in the way of
vigilance on the part of the police, can prevent the
commission of. knife murders. The legislature
cannot prohibit the use of knives. The law can
deal with a murderer, but it cannot: deal with the
knife. What, then, is to be done to protect society
from so fearful a crime ? There are certain moral
means at every man's hand, by which all that can
be done is quite possible.

Men who commit such crimes generally carry
a foreshadowing of their propensities about them.
The brutal ferocity required to enable a man to
plunge a knife into the body of another, is not a
mere impulse of a second. Those who commit
such savage acts, are generally known for years by
the vile savageness of their dispositions ; and we
have known instances, where men who have been
known to be the most heartless monsters living,
have been retained in service, and passed over in
society as beings of ordinary reputation. In
this toleration of barbarity lies the root of the
great social evil, with which we now have to deal,
in its worst form. If men were to look as much
to the diSposition and temperament of the people
they have about them, and would lay it down
as a rule to keep off all those who carry
about them the unmistakeable traces of a ferocious
character, the career of the Lancashire " Bowies "
would be very materially impeded. Let the face
of every man and woman be turned against those
characters, whose actions leave no doubt as to
their savage disposition, and society will soon have
reason to be thankful.

At present, the world is too fond of passing over
acts of the most revolting cruelty, forgetful of the
danger they run themselves, by pardoning a fierce
and heartless monster, and the deep injury they
inflict on the community, by facilitating the exist-
ence of murderously disposed villains in ease
and comfort. By branding such beings with
instant dismissal from employment, and with-
drawing all countenance from them, they would be
forced to betake themselVes to other lands, or they
would fall into that rank where they would be less
likely to escape the punishment which awaits the
offender. Without adopting some such course, we
see but little hope of any decrease in the number
of stabbing cases.

In alluding to the case of the Wigan
" turn outs," who were committed for trial as
rioters, Mr. Baron' ALDERSON made use of
the very words we have so often used in the:
columns of the NORTHERN DAILY TIMES, on
the subject of " strikes." " The great want of
" knowledge," he said, "on the part of the general
" body of the people of the real causes which go-
" vern the rate of wages in the world is the princi-
pal cause of this evil." Mr. Baron ALDERSON
strikes at once at the root of the great social evil,
and goes on to say :—" If they did but know a little
" more of that political economy which many peo-
" pie talk of, and so few understand, they would
" see that this is not the way in which the thing
" can be done even if it were desirable to be ac-
" complished." The diffusion of knowledge on the
subject of sound political economy, has been but
too long withheld from the operative classes of
England, and for many reasons. At the present
time we have a-n endless variety of orders of politi-
cal economy. Many supporting things as they
are; others opposed to these again ; while those
who aim at the subversion of existing institutions'
are as numerous as they are popular with certain

parties.
In speaking of this great blank in the education of
the manufacturing classes, the learned Judge goes on
say It is lamentable that it should be so ; and
" one cannot help thinking that it is from the want
" of experience that this matter arises ; for the
" shortness of life in the manufacturing districts
" renders it such that the people employed there are
" generally very young. The proportion of the
" experienced to the inexperienced, then, is very
" small, and it has been my unfortunate fate, in the
" course of my official life, to come here and try in
" succession persons of this description for the
" same sort of offence. Every eight, or nine, or
",`.ten years, a new generation . arises. • They have
" not the experience or the sufferings of their pre'-
" decessers, and by their numbers they overbear

`,.(lth; more experienced, and thus the thing arises
" from tithe to time. I don't see how the thing can
" be prevented, unless by a more general spread of
" sound education amongst the people ; that is the
‘,‘ orly mode in which, to my-mind, the remedy can
"be provided. If we could but do that—if we
" could teach them what was really for their good,
" they would cease to be the prey of empty-headed
" fellows, as.they at present seem to be." It has
seldom been our lot to read a more lucid exposi-
tion of the real causes of the great industrial de-
rangements we have witnessed from time to time.

The wilful neglect of education on the part of the
pare-its, in the humbler walks of life, is most un-
par6nable. Children are sent to school, to teach
then their mother tongue, and the parent who
neglects this duty not only robs the child of all
hopes of success in life, but entails an absolute
scourge on society. For this evil, which in an arti-
ficial state of society assumes an alarming aspect,
the legislature must speedily find a remedy. Im-
mense cities, filled with many hundred thousands
of souls, cannot exist if they be kept in ignorance
of the simplest principles on which
,their existence
dependsl; and much as we are opposed to all arbi-
trar: laws, we should hail with pleasure a -legis-
lative enactment which would make the neglect of
education a punishable offence.
If we need any statement of facts to support our
views, we have them in the Judge's charge. To
the want of education, he attributes the occur-
rence,of offences against the peace and prosperity
of the people themselves. He does not see how
the offences before him in his official capacity
'are to be prevented, " unless by a more general
spread of sound education amongst the people."
When a man who has evidently made himself
master of his subject, speaks in this strain, from
the most solemn seat of wisdom and justice, we
hope . the anti-educational gentry who are heard
to scoff at the thoughts of enlightening the great
masses of our fellow-beings, will for ever " hold
their peace."

PRINCE ALBERT.—The prince consort has obtained the
gold medal for pigs, at the Smithfield club show.
ODESSA WHEAT. - - The quantity of wheat sold at Odessa
for the week ending 25th ult. was 65,000 quarters.
In the Manchester General Dispensary for children, there
are 192 under treatment.

The number of patients admitted during the week at the
Manchester Lying-in-Hospital was 22, and discharged 14.
The mail ship Herman sailed from:Southampton on Wed-
nesday, with upwards of 150 passengers.
The Hyderabad sailed on Tuesday last from Southampton,
for Adelaide, with 246 adult emigrants.
At Lord Huntingfield's residence, near Ipswich, a few
days since a party of visitors slaughtered 1700 head of
various game in one day !
No fewer than nine judges have taken their seats on
the Scottish bench since the beginning of the year 1850.
Scottish Press.

Dispatches were sent off last evening from the colonial
office to the governors of Malta, the Falkland islands, and
the lord high commissioner of the lonian islands.
Government has just purchased the block of houses in
Waterloo-place, Edinburgh, for offices, at a cost of about
10,0001. Scotsman.

On Wednesday a man was charged with bigamy at a police
office in London, and being remanded, the father of his
second wife was bail for his appearance.
OPrum.—The quantity of opium imported in the first ten
months of the present year was 146,626 lbs., and the quan-
tity exported was 73,670 lbs.
FOREIGN LACE.—The customs authorities have ordered
that the regulations of an existing order for weighing silk
ribbons to the one-hundredth part of a pound should be
extended to lace. _ _

COUNTERFEIT COlN.—Three persons were committed to
prison in London on Wednesday, for having in their posses-
sion moulds for counterfeiting coin, and false coin prepared
for currency. There was an electric battery on the premises.
SCOTCH BAmurrs.—James Cowan, cabinetmaker, and
upholsterer, Glasgow. James Baillie PenAer, papermaker,
at Lochmill, county of Linlithgow.—Edinburgh Gazette.
IMPORTATION OF FOREIGN POTATOES.—There is no duty
on foreign potatoes, and large quantities are reported. In
the first ten months of this year as many as 924,494 cwt.
were imported.
DEATH OP CAPTAIN WARNER.—This gentleman. so well
known for his invention of what was popularly termed the
"long range," died very suddenly this woek, having been a
day previously in the apparent enjoyment of perfect health.

REFORMERS' FREEHOLD LAND SOCIETY. --This society
has just completed the purchase of an estate at Muswell-
hill, five minutes' walk from the station at Colney-hatch.
This estate is to confer on the members about 150 votes for
the county of Middlesex.
SHOPKEEPERS, BEWARE.—A clever practitioner in th
art of passing base coin is now in town, and shopkeepers had
better look to the change which they receive in their trans-
actions with strange parties. Publicans, especially, should
act on this caution.

UITIVERSITY COLLEGE, LONDON.—The council, at their
session on Saturday last, by the recommendation of the
Faculty of Medicine of the college, awarded the Longridge
price of £4O for general proficiency in medicine and surgery
to Mr. Frederick William Sayer, of Newport, Isle of
Wight.
"Jim," said one fast-man, yesterday, to another, "it is
reported that you left the East on account of your belief—
an itinerant martyr." " How." replied Jim, flattered by
the remark ; " how's that ?" " Why, a police-officer told
me that you believed everything you saw belonged to you,-
and, as the public didn't, you left.
EXPENSIVE GARMENT. —The Journal of Commerce states
that a Russian gentleman, residing in New York, had
occasion, not long since, to bring to this country his over-
coat, which was lined with sable, agreeably to Russian
costume, and the duty assessed on it amounted to $7OO —the
garment having been appraised at something like $3,000.
WOMAN'S RIGHTS.—A marriage ceremony was performed
at Rochester, on the 15th, by the Rev. Antoinette L.
Brown, the female preaeher. The Union says, "Those
present state that the Rev. Antoinette went through with
the ceremony with marked grace and propriety, omitting,
however, all allusion to the primeval injunction."

LORD ADOLPHUS VANE AT DURIEHM. —Pursuant to an in-
vitation from his late constituents, Lord Adolphus Vane,
unseated by a committee of t'ie House of Commons for
bribery by his agents, on Tuesday evening met about 350 of
his late constituents at a dinner, :n the magnificent new hall
in Durham. He got a gold snuff box in the evening from
the ladies.

Messrs. Duncan Dunbar, and Sons, the London agents,
have advertised the return of half the deposit money agreed
upon at the meeting in Sydney of the Great Nugget Gold
Vein Mining Company, which wo annonnced as having
been agreed to some time since. The accompanying
dividend of 2s. per share is subject to a reduction of 2 per
cent. for premium of exchange.
UNION FREEHOLD LAND SOCIETY.—On Wednesday night
a public meeting of this society was held at Anderson's
hotel, Fleet-street, London. Mr. Barthgate, the chair-
man, said the estate purchased by the society was in a situa-
tion the most beautifulin Middlesex, near Harrow, and on
a suitable house being built on each allotment, the proprie-
tor or his nominee will be entitled to a first-class free pass,
by railway to and from the Euston and Harrow station for
eleven years. Resident proprietors would also be entitled
to a presentation to Marrow• school.
A solicitor from. North Wales, named John Edward
Towne, in the prime of life, had been residing at the Tavi-
stock Hotel for the last five weeks. On Saturday evening,
as he had not made his appearance all day, the proprietor
ordered the bed-room to be , forced open, which was done,
and deceased was found lying dead in bed, with a stocking
and one of his braces tied. tightly round his neck. A bloody
razor was lying on the table, . with which he had cut his
wrist, exidently with the intention of bleeding himself to
death.
A FORGETFUL BRIDEGROOM.—The Boston Traveller tells
the story of a man in Massachusetts, who applied to the
proper authorities, a few days since, for a marriage sertifi-
cate ; but upon being questioned, he had forgotten the
name of his intended bride. After some time -spent in
silent thought, he remarked that the lady was named after
some city in Massachusetts, and he rather believed that it
was "Worcester." But when the couple stood up before the,
clergyman, the lady, with a reproachful look at her careless
love, stated that her name was Somerville. He must have
been deeply engaged the day before in preparing for the
election.
NAWAR OF SURAT.—Atnong the passengers by the Ripon,
which arrived at Southampton on Monday with the India and
China mail, were several persons belonging to the suite of the
Nawab of Surat. The Nawab came from Bombay to Suez in
the East India Company's steamer, the Ackbar, and in. order
to shorten the sea voyage to England as much as possible lie
proceeded from Alexandria to Trieste in the Austrian packet,
accompanied by several of his friends and servants. The rest
of his suite came home in the Ripon. Surat was the first place
at which the Mogul Emperors allowed the English to establish
a factory in India. The principal persons in Surat were fire
worshippers. The. Nawab's servants were dressed in the pictu-
resque costume of their country; one of them smite Erfglish
fluently. and grammatically. They cooked for themselves on
board the Ripon. The only thing tliey would eat which had
been touched by Christians was bread. They killed the fowl,
they ate, and cut the throats of the sheep, which furnished
flesh• for their own table. The Nawab's object in voting
England is to prosecute some claim which he has on the British
government.

East Lancashire

MONETARY AND COMMERCIAL

LIVERPOOL, THURSDAY EVENING.

The position of the bullion market at this mo-
ment engrosses nine-tenths of the public attention.
The value .of consols is measured by the effiux
and influx of the precious metals. A Russian
draft for a miserable balance of cash in hand, for
the " sale of stock for money," by some woe-begone
" lame duck" on 'Change, is enough to cause a de-
preciation off to I per cent. on the floating amount
of our national securities. Fortunately the amount
of stock actually floating, or what is agreeable to
jobbers, becomes less every year in proportion to
the individual and national prosperity of Great
Britain. In 1845-6, the amount of stock held by
persons having the absolute power of sale and pur-
chase was estimated at 14,000,000/. only. Since
that period large sums have passed into the hands
of large private and public trusts, and thereby
cease to be marketable. Let us assume, then, that
within the last seven years 5,000,0001. of stock have
been taken up on trust, it would leave but 9,000,0001.
floating on the market. Now, the great evil is,
that the less the public have to do with the public
stocks the greater power the wily jobber has over
the market. The purchase or sale of a few
thousand -pounds worth of stocks is enough to
lower or advance the quotations of the day by
quite per cent, and in order to carry out their
object, the exports and imports of bullion are used
as "the pretence." lt, therefore, behoves those
whose money is invested in trade and commerce
to see what connection exists between the value of
a commercial bill of exchange and a government
security of equal amount. The former represents
an actual transaction—goods sold and delivered—
the latter is a mere promise to pay, the fulfilment
of which depends on a thousand political conse-
quences. Here, none but the most expert gam-
blers could decide the comparative value of the
two securities. And it is by this gambling deci-
sion that our Stock markets are ruled. In fixing
on the imports, and exports of bullion as the pivot
on which the price of stocks are to revolve, the
jobbers are rather unfortunate. At the present
moment, Australia may be said to owe England
10,000,0001. This amount is represented by bills
which range from three days' sight to twelve
months' date. Now, as far as these bills have
gone, and they amount to many millions, for the
last two years we have not had one defalcation.
And we •find the gold fields—the actual source
from which they have paid—promise daily to
be more prolific than ever. This fact cannot be
disputed even by the organs of the great bullionist
" Bears " of Threadneedle-street. And when we
turn, to America, we find precisely the same
state of things. When we announce the arrival,
week after week; of half a million, or a million, of
dollars, the general exclamation is,—" Oh! this
cannot last. America must have her gold back
again." We feel for those who sell their Console
and bona fide Railway Stock under such an ina7
pression. - The fact is, that while America is send-
ing us so many hundred thousands of dollars per
month, she is receiving near as many millions. By
the four last packets she has sent us about 1,583,358
dots., while, in the meantime, she has received from
California in the month of September, 4,340,573
dollars. At this rate it will take many years to
exhaust the States of their bullion ; and when we
hear of nuggets of 1141bs. weight in Australia,
surely the bullion imports and exports can be no
just cause for the "advances" and " declines" we
notice daily in the value of our public securities.
Gold must come to this country, and a" Bull" ac-
count, based upon this fact must succeed, and the
".Bears" must suffer, whether they sit in the
parlour of the Bank of England or on the
" Bear" side of our own local Share Market.
Consols varied so, much to-day, that we can only
quote the closing prices 948 to 95k. After official
hours they were done at 941 er divdend. Reduced
95a to 94*. New Three-and-a-Quarter per Cents.,
971, 971. India Bonds, is, to 4s. , prem. Exche-
quer Bills, ss. to Bs. prem., Bank Stock higher,
2194. 220.
The Foreign Stock Market was flat again to-day,
and nearly all the. quotations were lower than
yesterday, with the exception of Spanish, which are
a shade higher.
The Share Market was active, and prices were
well supported. London and North Westerns,
103. Great Westerns, 84. Luxembourgs, 108
101. Namur and Liege, 8-1. Mines were flat.
Australian Agricultural Company, 46 47. Peel
River, 1 prem.; South Australian Land, 381. Scot-
tish Australian; la prem. N. B. Australia., %. prem.
Crystal Palace, 2* prem.
The following are the official Railway Traffic
returns for the week :

Corresponding
ENGLISH LINES. 1853. weeklast year.
Bristol and Exeter ... £4,261 £3,869
Cheshire Junction ... ... 1,692 1,407

Chester and Holyhead ... 3,480 3,108

4,379

4,313

Great Northern ... ... 17,216 13,994

Great Western ... 19,156 15,659
Kendal and Windermere ... 159 106
Lancashire and Yorkshire ... 16,970 16,558
London and Brighton ... 10,519 8,992
London and North-Western... 45,530 42,076
London and South-Western... 9,871 8,527
Manchester, Sheffield, &c. ... 7,802 6,164
Midland - ... 23,853 - 22,265

Newcastle-npon-Tyne. ... 2,735 2,482
Oxford and Worcester ... 2,149 630
South Eastern ... 12,307 11,103

South Yorkshire

Shrewgbury and Chester ... 1,571 1,514
Shrewsbury and Birmingham 728 726

Shropshire Union ... - ... 562 603
West Hartlepool ... ... 1,892 1,832
York, Berwick, and North
Midland ••• ... 25,238 23,946
•
IRISH LINES.
Belfast and Ballymena ... 676 620
Belfast and County Down ... 190 190
Cork and Bandon ... ... 193 181

Great Southern and Western. 5,110 4,551
Londonderry and Enniskillen 416 369
Londonderry and Coleraine... 195
Ulster ... ••• ... ... 1,172 1,120
SCOTCH LINES.
Aberdeen ... ... ... 1,884 1,670
Caledonian and Edinburgh

and Glasgow ••• 14,628 13,306
Dundee, Perth, and Aberdeen 701 693
Glasgow and South-Western 4,577 3,926
North British ... 4,031 3,693
Scottish Central an I Scottish
Midland ... ••• ... 2,738 2,480
FORE IGN.
Namur and Liege ... ... 1,681' 1,338
In the Manchester Market an improved feeling
was observable to-day, both for goods and yarns,
and 12's to 24's water twist especially, are in more
request than they were a week Nto. Spinners of
mule yarns, for India, are rather firmer, though no
heavy purchases . are. being made, and, therefore,
without bffering.any further concession to induce
purchases, they willingly accept orders at the prices
current last week. The same remarks will apply
to India shirtings, and, on the whole, the general
expectation is, that on the turn of the year a fair
business 'will spring up. The only branches of the
trade which are not improved are in fine numbers
and • doubled yarns; for the former of which lower
prices have been accepted, and the latter, though
not quotably lower are still dull of sale.
The Manchester Share Market continues active,
with a large amount of business. Lancashire and
Yorkshires closed at 68. East Lancashires, 161.
Caledonians, 28 7-16. Midlands, 64. Sheffields,
24 to 241. Blackburns, 5 9-16.
The Liverpool Cotton Market shows no change
again to-day, except in the amount of sales, which
amounted to 6,000 bales, of which 1,000 were taken
on speculation and for export.
Our Share Market was very firm to-day, closing
again at its " best point."