The Express.
London, England, 1861-07-30 00:00:00

SAXE-COBUEG.

A few days since an address was presented to the
Duke of Sa:e•Coburg by the Germans resident at
Brussels, thanking his highness for the service
rendered by him as protector of the National Union,
for his encouragement of the gymnasial societies,
for the formation of the German rifle union, and
for the military convention with Prussia, whereby
the national cause is promoted. In reply, his
highness expressed the pleasure be felt at knowing
the national spirit possessed by the Germans in
Brussels, a spirit which for the last two years had
continued to grow iu Germany, and had united the
different races of Germans firmer and firmer. He
was also rejoiced that his proposition for the forma-
tion of German national rifle union after the
manner of the Swiss was approved of ; and he
hoped that, as the Swiss rifle societies assisted in
keeping up the unity and harmony of the Swiss,
the society he had initiated would have the same
happy effect among the Germans.

AMERICA.

-4--
(nor ova OWN own

BOSTON, U.S., JULY 15.

The members of Congress have gone to work like
men who feel the solemn pressure of a momenta's
national emergency. Coming fresh from the
people, their pulse of patriotic ardour beats quit*
and strong, and the world sees the spectacle of
American politicians foregoing their almost irre-
sistible love of debate, and giving themselves to the
'practical details of business during the first week of
a session. It is only the force of a great national
crisis that could thus produce this eloquence of
silence. Reflecting the hues of public sentiment,
Cougress will give a prompt and cordial support to
every measure of the administration which looks to
an energetic and decisive prosecution of the war. As
the constitutional power of the President to call out

the troops has been denied by several governors of the
Border Slave States, the requisite power will immee
dist* be conferred by special legislation. Already
a bill enabling him to arm, equip, and use a volua-.
teer force, not to exceed fi1.10,4.100 men, has passed
the Housed Representatives. The army and navy
bills are also in a state of forwardness, and one to
enable the President to suspend where be chooses
the collection of the revenue, or to move the custom
house from the port to vessels on the coast or at the
mouth of the harbour. The opposition to these
various measures has not reached to a greater
number in either house than from five to eight.
These, chiefly from the Border Slave States, speak
of peace and compromise, but their words fall dead
on the ears of both the people and the government.
There is no evidence that the South desires a com-
promise any more than the North. The Southern
press and public men are still sanguine in the belief
that they will succeed in their efforts for secession.
Whatever private misgivings some of the sagacious
and prominent officials may have, do not find an
expression either iu public speech or print. In
the meantime the plot thickens and the acts is the
drama increase in importance and excitement. The
struggle alternates from the camp to the
deliberative assembly. Western Virginia, having
completed its state organisation, is now busy
arming the people. Two senators: have been
elected and sent to Washington, where
they have been received and occupy the agate
vacated by the secessionists, Messrs. Hunter std
Mason. Thus the State will keep tip its relatielna
with the United States. When this national old-
break shall pass into new phases very important
questions involving the rights and powers of the
separate States will arise. I will not now antici-
pate them, but simply add that the discussion of
these, when they do arise, will bring in review soils
of the profoundest questions of constitutional law
as well as some of the most intricate and difficult
problems of government.
There is one feature of the secession movement
of the South which cannot fail to arrest the atten-
tion of the thoughtful observer, and this is, its
misrepresentation of public sentiment and the tac-
tual strength of the North. The South has always
been extravagant in the expression of its opinion,.
indeed, this is universally true of the American
speech and press in periods of public excitement.
But at the South this feature will be seen run to
the extremes of passion. On the floor of Congress
the statesmen have always been mar'axl for their
arrogant bearing and lofty tone of speech. It is no
wonder, then, in a period of public excitement,
when men's feelings are lashed almost to
the wildness of frenzy, that the newspapers
should flame with passionate ardour. This
any ono who is well acquainted with the peculia-
rities of Southern character would expect. But he
cannot fail, even with this expectation, of being
surprised either at the deliberate mendacity or in-
excusable ignorance with which passing events at
the North are narrated, and the designs of men
and the features of public opinion pourtrayed. Brag-
gadocio is a very common staple both aides of
Mason's and Dixon's line. There is • disposition
in each of the contending parties to over-estimate
its own strength and undervalue that of the oppo-
nents. But for blind passionate raving and
violent vituperatiou the South excels. I might give
a column of extracts from the Southern newspapers in
illustration of the total misapprehension of the pur-
poses of the North and the real aspect of affairs,
but this morsel from the New Orleans Bulletia of
the Bth of July must suffice. The writer in speak-
ing of the "usurper's Message" says :—" The
public mind of the South had been pretty well pre-
pared by the outgivings of the Jacobin press, for
the loathsome mass of falsehood, vindictiveness,
and hypocrisy with which the old perjurer has in-
sulted the common intelligence and civilisation of
the age. We do not care to follow the message
throu,,h its tortuous windings, and expose its de-
eeitful assumptions, its jesuitical dodges and
pretences, its boastful vapourings, its brutish
tone, and its heathen indifference to the
generalnowhines
which
hiit stupidity,ofhe peopple
ita All these
the
ietitiareuessN,:prtapareh' a
cud
apparent, and
h°
lunacyatnd
must strike the minds of enlightened men the world
over with amazement, disgust, and horror."
This is only an exaggeration of the general spirit
of the Southern press. If generals such as Beau-
regard, who is held uto as the type of honour, and
claims the spirit of chivalry, can issue iufhunniatory
proclamations saying that the North has " inscribed
on its banner, in fact, if not in form ' Beauty and
booty' "—if thus men who have been trained not in
the tortuous school of politics, but in the camp,
where veracity is cherished as a manly virtue—if
such can either wilfully or ignorantly infuriate'

I the masses already boiling with the frenzy of pia.
lion, we ought not to be too much surprised at the
excesses of the political press. It is, however,
unwise ; for a movement which seeks to gain strength
in this way must lose in the end. Popular passion,
like every strong emotion, if kept up to the highest
pitch of excitement, will, by the unerring laws of
human nature, consume itself, and give way to a
reaction, and in moments of disaster, when it finds
that it Ines been deceived, will visit on its authors
its fiercest indignation. I would not say that ROM&
don has its basis wholly on the excited passions.
It has grown out of mistaken convictions, and bps
its origin iu an attempt to establish a govern-
ment on the foundation of slavery ; but that
the leaders have inflamed the passions of
the people by either wilful or mistaken misrepre-
sentations is certain. Sooner or later the honed
and sincere will see this. But should the South
even succeed in carrying out their plan of secession,
the debauching effect of this passionate saturnalia
will remain to enfeeble and endanger the moat
vital interests of society. The special corm-
Vent of the Times saw while in New Orleans
gm-ms of future dangers. The inure probable
result will be that a reaction will come, and the
people rising from their de!usiou will visit their
indignation on the leaders, and seek under the
government of the United States a shelter and
repose from the evils which threaten them.
Whether this comes through a reaction—or after a
temporary secession—that such will be the end is
the irresistible logic of events.
By the news flashed from Virginia it would
seem that these events are fast approaching. Gene-
ral M'Clellan, who leads the column advancing
through the western part of this State, telegraphs
to Washington from Beverly : "I may say I have
driven out some ten thousand troops, strongly
entrenched, with the lose (on our part) of eleven
killed and thirty-five wounded." In a subsequent
despatch to General Scott, he adds : "I have
received from General Pegrani propositions for a
surrender, with his officers and the remnant of his
command—say six hundred men. They are said
to be extremely penitent, and are determined never
again to take up arms against the government"
General M'Clellan is one of the best educated
officers in the American army. He graduated at
West Point with the highest distinction, was twice
breveted for his valour in the Mexican war, and
subsequently was appointed on the military c9fa-
mission to Europe during the Crimean cainpiu,go.
This enabled him personally to inspect the military
systems of the great European powers, and -to
witness some of the results of the highest scientific
attainments on a grand scale. In his report, after
his return from the siege of Sebastopol, ho ciders
some suggestions as the result of his observation
of that memorable campaign, which arepeculhaly
applicable to the present time. Individual
courage cannot suffice, he remarks, to overcome
great forces, but it must be rendered ma-
nageable by discipline, and directed by that con-
summate and mechanical military skill which can
only be acquired by a course of education instituted
for the special purpose end by long habit. In the
application of hia general views to the United
States be says, inasmuch as our regular army will
never be large enough for the contingencies of war,
it is desirable to have a large number of educated
officers, who by their instruction can discipline the
volunteer militia and render them serviceable. The
government is acting on this plan. Congress Is
averse to raising a large regular army, but id in
favour of increasing the number of students at
West Point The opinion at Washington is that
under the present circumstances it will be far
better to put down secession by the volunteer
militia, so *at if there be a triumph it shall be the
triumph of a popular movement. But to return to
General M'Clellan. Although only 40, he ranks next
to General Scott, and may be regarded as one of
the most reliable army officers. He is prudent in
the formation of his plans, but when once fully
prepared, is energetic in carrying them out. He is
as modest ea he is brave, and unites with the courage
of the soldier the high moral graces of the Christian.
After liberating Western Virginia, and enabling the
State organisation to perfect its great design, be
will rapidly push forward, and move his division's
one of several which united will compose the
grand army on its march to Richmond.

The Hereditary Prince of Hohenzollern, who is to
marry the Infanta at Peetypik is to leave Prussia for Lisbon
about the middle of next month, and the =triage is to be
celebrated on the 7th September, the fiftieth anaivenary of
the birth of the prince's father. After the wedding the
young couple are te visit the courts of Louden and Brussels,
sad will thin reside for some time en the edemas of the
Boheasollarn family in Switzerland.
Ant:merlon NT A Parma.—The Brussels journals
Mate an affair which they say has occasioned some
tine in that city. A young couple who lately arrived from
kludges bought the goodwill of • business of • public.
house celled the Prince Jerome, in the Rue dee Seesrs.
Noires, and commenced banner. But • few days bast
some student. from the same province happening to go
to the place, 'discovered that the man, though he
wore • large beard was no other than • certain AMA
' B—, who had been • priest in a village, and had lately
disappeared with Mdlle. V— —, daughter of • wealthy
farmer, and that the female who pared ea his wife was
that ?rail damsel! The students wrote to the young
woman's family, and on Saturday her mother and brother,
the latter also a priest, reached Brussels and made her go
home with them. As to the Abb:: --, be wr sum-
moned before the ecclesiastical authorities, and it is not
known what they mean to do with him. The young woman,
who is somewhat older than the priest, is entitled to a
rather large fortune.
WORTHY OF IMITATION. The Journal de
Charleroi states that a dispute, of a purely personal nature,
basing arisen between a It. tkidor and a M. of that
place, the one stfieming something which the other denied,
they agreed to refer the matter to arbitration, the loser to
give 2,000 francs to the pour of the town. The tribunal
coelidered 11. Oador in the wrong, and the poor of Charleroi
are to have the 2,000 francs.

TMR MILITIA.—A return just made to parlia-
ment shown that since the boginuing of 1851 the embodied
militia of the United Kingdom has furnished 42,733
volunteers to the regular army, and the disembodied
militia 3.5,624. The estimates betore the House of Com-
mons this mansion provide for the training this yam of
97,092 officers and pnvatea of the disembodied militia ; this
is independent of the permanent staff, whose numbers are
about 5,000.
COUNTY RATER AND EXPEVDITURE.—The an-
nual accounts of the county treasurers of England and
Wales show that in the year ending at Michaelmas but the
county and police rates produced 1,222,7651., the allowance
received from the Treasury amounted to 259,6391., and
there was 86,8751. received on account of lunatics. The
expenditure upon gaols and prosecutions amounted to
424,533 k, upon lunatic anylums to 145,7.1/., and 28,7221.
on the maintenance of pauper lunatics, and upon-meaty
bridges 50,7131. The clerks of the peace were paid 44,319/i,
the coroners 53,2301., imps ton of weights and measures
10,7151., end county tremor ors, 8,9311. The county ode
was assessed on 68,42:4,261/. ; In 1858 the aasessmeut was
only 65,207,2861. The rate, varied in different counties
from lees than 2d. to more than Bd.
ErORMOUB REVENUE FRAUDS.—At the Castle
of Exeter, on Friday, before the county magistrates, Mr.
William Lawton, paper manufacturer, of Ens ick, pleaded
guilty to a charge of defrauding the revenue by having
altered the wf.t'ug on certain parcel. of paper, and iutro-
duced other paper into them nut charged with duty. It
was stated that the indictment contained eleven counts,
charging the accused with frauds to the amount of
18,e90/. Mr. Sparked', solicitor, pleaded guilty, on behalf
of defendant. to the first count, under which it had been
agreed by the Inland Revenue to accept • judgment for
1,4001
MONUMENT TO MONTGOMERY AT SHEFFIELD.—•
The monument to James Montgomery, the poet, was un-
veiled yest erdsy, in the presence of 'large 'recourse of people.
The poet died on the 30th of April, 1854, rind was buried
on the Iltb of May "amidst such demonstrations of rope/
MI were never paid to any individual in Sheffield before.
It is six or seven years ago since the movement for the
erection of the monument commenced. For • long time the
efforts made to accomplish the object flagged. At length
the Sunday school teachers of the town stirred in the matter,
and the result was the erection of • monument et the iio4
of 1,1001. There was • large procession through the teas
to the site of the statue, and the town observed the .lay
quite in the holiday fashion. The mayor (H. Vickers, E.+)
delivered the inaugural address. Other addresses of au air
propriste kind were also delivered.
SCOTCH MABONR IN Lox DON.—It Will be a curious
feet is the history of the splendid mansion now being
erected far the Duke of Buocleuch on the site of old Mow
men-house, is Whitehall, that, from peculiar circumstances
in connemon with the building trade in London, it
will have been built to a large extent by Scotch
masons. Many of the London men, tired of the
unhealthy condition of their craft, owing to the
undue control exercised by the paid leaders of the strikes
have left the metropolis, and thus afforded opportunities
for new hands to obtain employment. Scotland, where
building in stone is more common than in England, I,"
sect ups great number of inssoLs, and, where ti mode
workmen have applied, their expenses to London have been
paid by the dukes contrsctors, Messrs. Holland' and Ilan-
con, of Bloomsbury.—Briiritunii Coors/irk

LATEST SPORTING INTELLIGENCE.

(IT sumac nutaues.l
I:4 )ODWOOD MERTING.—(THIB DAY.)

CRAVEN One toile.
inertne. 36111 e. Chantilly, Gibraltar, l'r.iter, Andrey,
I:4lhis Stria*, MatteWte, Buccaneer, ilurvu a the
14e, sea Wigton are here.

K the mile and a half.
Johaay, Ea.t stmiley. Knight of St.
latarhgla. aml Loh Manche ar. here.
Foho.toise aaJ l'arstati kit are scratched.
LAV.IST STAKES. Half • mile.
ClaidtMa'a laamilder, Karma, Xarolla. and
are bete.

'4l I...ertmere sad Clareecy ere scratched.
1:50 PLATY..
Philip, Oahu.liar, Shingle. sad Diadem ue here.
ItTEIP.% RIX( CUP. Sit furlongs.
Themdrehat, I'ainol.4it•• Sot,Hite. ender. FThvolit.
,/we. thraaral H. Fir W.Huai. Kraus.... Mistake,
.1. duo'. Wirt.e. Lord of the Muse. Items; sou, i
eseessam. Carlyle. Nettaish. Nwl.er, )lao.at- Arms,
Kidaht a St. Petirk, N M.
rev. queue Cale. Athcmt.6..., ltapoo,
threrve.
.rum. Nei. Mehl, Spoulaz Life, Hilly thmudles, Leg.
Lama eacesiver. Helm, &dale. Hockley,
...awn. IA Vspesir, Calash. Huse% Camper.l.6l.l. Soap-
due. Emilie. they 11.1. e. NMority. Chriembilde, I.Nuaire
Putrid.. tAehirer. meal Couleur de Rees are bare.
Trowateee. Paheetaae, Neerlieesh, Wriassa. New
*IOUs. I 'safes*. Wilda% IC_frai Dfra mod,
Fllrr4l The hroo.. Vasa* Kam 1. OiWrilea, Botts,
sal Hu Mai are scratched.

HAM ...TAKES. tic furlsegL
I. eeki Tlempe Las.,:tua, 1 .turbri f, C..aliton• f, tuitrue•
kw. ilkluir's I iwaghtvr, awl Hubert are bete.

trims a IVA!, I h." 114 newt, Tiara, Itheelbaand,
Khortatente, 1:.n.11., fh..na.faby, Wombat., !fathom.
Moe Juba. Tuted thin. Fravate, Itainalus. Little
Itrainmer, I:urafie fln V..lutear, Mietral, ('oat*, Bail
(bele. Sweet Itaathore. Viild W dl. Kueslay, Knehaquer,
Adair I, The Knave, spit*. ..d Valswatar.

LAW INTELLIGENCE.
(THIS DAY.)

COURT OF BANKRUPTCY.
Maws Mr. Commemioser

IN RP LENNIE.
The kaakrept was as oilman, .1 Old Ford. This was
the •i•119i0.111t00 Ines•l lag. TIN bankrupt onus 1,650 d. ;
are abated alalawl %RM.

Mr heces, I the smugness', examieed the baakrupt as to
the Jimpead of a shop whisk he had at Swathed, awl which
he hod sold to his sister.ualaw for 42if. just before the husk-
ruptcy. It appeared that he had takes hills for :1771., of which
refl. sad lame paid ; he believed that the rentaialer were
asssl. The last bill was mot due until February Dell. Ile
called a niceties of bit creditors immediately after
the sae, and heeded over the bills to them.
List larearbsr he opened a shop at Crosby .row,
%%door* seal sold it su the followieg February. Before
thst he had disposed of a shop at Bruton, the purchaser of
which had Neocene resolvent.

Mr. C. E. Lewis appeared for the haakrupt.
It wa• ultimately arranged that the inquiry should he
pursued at a print.' Nitta& and the kaakrupt was allowed
to pass.

THE POLICE COURT&
('THIS DAY.)

80 UTII W A RK.

lONGULAR TTT TPT To CoNWT ACICIDT.
Matt Arc Trait:all, • desnat•lookirig man. • shoemaker,
was brought before Mr. Borehare, from Mt. Thomas's lloa.
pital, charged with maim,: a most determined attempt to
commit made by attain h threat.
Police covetable 49 L said that on Wednesday evening
last. about 9 o'clock, be was on duty in the litlackfriars•
cud, when be maw &crowd is front of the Old Hing's Head
public-boons. ths goiag there kw perceived the primmer
with hie throat cut, sad- ems we had taken a shoemakees
kells tram him. Witness conveyed him tc St. 11moses
Hospital. where be had nem remained.
Mr. Bonham asked the prieoaer what he bad to say for
himself.

Ile replied that about sixteen months ago he was foolish
rough to marrya arced wife,asid having hadgreat confidence
it the trot be trusted her, but soon found out his Ras-
take, for she turned out not only a drunkard, but a thief.
hay robbed the landlord, sad was sentenced to three
inoistbs' hard labour at Lambeth police-ruin. When she
came nut of priton he received her again, Lod in a few days
she returned to her old habits, and rubbed him of everything
she could lay her hands ea for gin, and her conduct had
so upset ban that he did set care what berme of himself.
Mr. Borchelt* asked him why he mode such a wicked at-
tempt on his life
The prisoner rid that his wife Lad actually sell the
last thins she was porested of, and meeting her in the
street he remonstrated with her. She abused htm so much
that is the beat of passion he foolishly cot his throat. He
was sorry fur it, and would promise sot to make mach an
attempt on his life again.
Mr. Burcham told him that if he had a bail wife be should
live apart frost her and not seek to take his life. As be
promised not to make sae!' an attempt again he should
diseaarp Wen.