The Express.
London, England, 1861-10-22 00:00:00

TH:l4_ zuPREps, qmasp.ior RVENIWG; OCTOBWL 2.2-, 186 k

showered upon them from above r not 13y leapt
articles in middle-clam newspapers that the wielt
ing classes will be influenced. They will cherilli
their errors until forced to abandon them by ex-
perience ; and it seems to us that this experiment
of co-operation for purposes of production is one
which they are bound to undertake. They impeach
the presentsystemof combining labour with capital.
They do not hesitate to accuse it of robbery. We
have shown that they have the sources of capital
in their hands; surely they are bound to prove that
there are more equitable means of uniting capital
with labour than that which they arraign. If in the
course of the experiment they should ascertain
that they have been ascribing to the mere power of
capital results—i. r., profits—which are due to
another source, they will gain as much as any class
by the knowledge acquired. A very short trial
would suffice to show them how little mere money
can do to make the application of labour fertile,
and how much the success of the capitalist
depends on his commercial discernment, skill in
organizing labour, his rapid intuitions, his deci-
sive combinations, and the faculty of substituting
upon occasion his individual moral responsibility
foe costly material guarantees. Perhaps it
might be found that co-operative societies, lacking
lien advantages, which cannot be bought or hired,
would fail before the competition of the individual
capitalist. But in that case the unreasonableness
of many complaints we now hear would be demon-
strated.

Granting, however, that co-operation can never
rival individual competition, the existence of co-
operative societies, side by side with productive or-
ganizations of the ordinary kind, would be not only
good for the workman but good for society. It would
be much if the workman felt ho was no longer shut
up to a system which ho has come to regard as
unjust. It is well that men should have options
in whatever can be the object of choice, excepting
only that which is immoral. The tendency to
association would probably reconcile many work-
men to a low rate of profit if all were satisfied that
whatever was made was fairly divided. If such'
societies removed the uneasiness which the
working classes from time to time betray,
their existence would be justified, although
they should come short of the economical
efficiency by turns ascribed and denied to them.
On the principles now generally acknowledged,
and stigmatised as selfish by some advisers of the
working classes, we should not expect to find
the able and self-reliant associating themselves
with this form of enterprise. But we are told
on high authority that we aro not competent
judges of the character of the working classes,
that we under-estimate the power of their
fraternal feelings, that, in fact, they have
" broader and wiser views of the future of society
" than most of their fellow-citizens ; and this
" because they can count upon • moral and social
" sentiment among themselves which the upper
" cleave have ceased to experience, and therefore
"to believe in." If the fact is so, the (1i(, of the
workmen ought to be found in co-operative
societies, compensating by their superior ability the
shortcomings of their weaker brethren. For our
own parts wo do not look for any radical revolu-
tion either in the character of mankind or the
organization of industrial enterprise. But we see
in co-operation an alternative system of produc-
tion and distribution consistent with the rights
and freedom of individuals and with the funda-
mental laws of industry, capable of correcting
many prejudicial errors of the working classes,
and of teaching thorn practically the causes and
conditions of production, and in any case a better
way of spending money than strikes.

LATZER

mum.

THE KING OF PRVIRIA AND 4IS ARMY.
The Prussian Mouiteur states that the following
are the exact words addressed the other day by the
King of Prussia to the Generals and chiefs of the
regiments after the ttags had been taken to the
Chateau :

I have uaembled you here to take part in a fete which is
one of the rarest in history. A moment like this is
necessarily preceded by a great mourning, and the whole
heart of the country has indeed been profoundly moved. Now
we direct your gaze coafidently towards heaven, hoping that
it will bless and protect Prussia. A similar scene to that
which we shall have immediately has never been witnessed,
and will not be easily repeated. I have assembled the
nap, and you, gentlemen, as the principal generals
of Mu army, and all the chiefs of the regiments, to be
witnesses, in the name of the army, of the important
solemnity we ate about to celebrate. It is from the hands
of God that the crown has come to me, and when I shall
take it from the altar to put it on my head, it is His blessing
which will preserve it to me. The army is called upon to
defend it, and the kings of Prussia have never seen the
fidelity of the army shaken. It Is the army which in the
days of unhappy storms recently saved the King and justice,
and made them secure. I also rely upon its fidelity and
devotion, if it should be my let to make an appeal against
enemies, come from what side they may. It is with this
immovable confidence that I, as King, and as military corn.
minder, regard my army. To von, M. Field-Marshal, I give
you my hand far all present, who are all cherished in my
heart.

Field-31andial Baron de Wrangel replied as fol-
lows : —" We are profoundly touched by the King's
words, and by the sight of these numerous flags
and standards. We are grateful to your Majesty
not only fur baring summoned us as witnesses of this
imposing solemnity, but also for your great work
—the augmentation of the army ; and I feel that I
have a right to say, in the name of all, that each
one of us burns to prove his gratitude by his
acts!'

The municipality of Berlin have addressed a
notice to the inhabitants of Berlin, inviting them
to keep order without the participation of the police
on the day of the King's entry into the city.

The following is the full text of the King's
speech at the Coronation :
By the Grace of God, Prussia's Kings have
worn the crown for 160 years. I am the first King
who has ascended the throne since it has been
surrounded by institutions adapted to the times.
But, mindful that the crown comes only from God, I have,
by my coronation at the holy altar, manifested to Him
that I have received it in all humility from His hand.. The
prayers of my people, I know, hare been with me in this
sole= act, that the blessing of the Almighty may net upon
my government. The love and attachment that have been
testified to me since my ascent of the throne, and that now
have just been manifested to me in so eminent a manner,
are guarantees to me that I may reckon, under all circum-
stances, upon the fidelity of my people, and upon he
submission (hillyeGunfl) and its readiness to make mac:ri-
bcage. Confident in the same, I have been able to exempt
my faithful people from the ancient oath of hereditary
allegiance and submission (ErbAuldiguisga•mitd-Unterthanen•
Sid). The gratifying proofs of that love and attachment
lately given to me ou the occasion of a momentous
event (the Baden attempt) have confirmed that confidence.
May God's providence long preserve the blessings of peace to
our beloved native land. My brave army will protect it from
dangers from without. From internal dangers Prussia will be
preserved, for the throne of her kings stands firm in its might
and in its right, and if the unity between King and
people, which has made Prussia great, endures, so shall we
—may God grant it !--be able to withstand, upon the path
of sworn ri‘hts, the dangers of an agitated time and every
threntosing storm."

sons who had amity been arrested were the son'
of Count Zamoidi and other leading citizens.
The banker Toeplitz had been imprisoned. Fivp
hundred merchants had been fined one hundred-
roubles each for closing their warehouses on the
15th instant.
Gerstenzweig is dangerously ill.

ENGLISH NEWS FROM PARIS.
PARIS, Ocr. 21.
- . . .

The Patric of this evening says :
" The English Admiralty has decided upon iron-
plating the ships which are already built. Should
the experiment prove successful, England could in
one year have 20 iron-plated ships.
" The Admiralty has also determined to execute
numerous defensive works in the English possessions
in India, China, the Red Sea, and the Straits of
Malacca"

THE N.VPRISS OP AUSTRIA AT CORM.

A letter from Corfu of the 14th says :—Opo
Emperor of Austela sniffed here yesterday quite incogftso
repairing direct to the country house occupied by the Em-
press, without passing through the town of Corfu. Al-
though it had been known for some days that his Majesty
would arrive on the Sunday morning, and the steamer
WWI early visible threading its way across from the
onset of Albania, its approach was not Wed by
• salute, the wish to preserve • strict incognito
having evidently previously been intimated to the
authorities. In the afternoon their Majesties drove to
town in • carriage and pair, wholly unattended, and, after
calling at the Palace and taking a turn round the pretty
Enplaned., and a drive in the country, returned again to
their villa in the evening. The Emperor's visit to Corfu
will be but of brief duration—a week at the utmost. The
health of the Empress has greatly improved, and from
leading the life of a recluse she has gradually extended
her excursions to the country and town of Corfu.
In the evenings, which are now cool and pleasant
the great heat having considerably abited, she may be seen
taking • stroll, accompanied by a single maid of honour and
her faithful four-footed pets, two noble deerhounds. She
also indulges in daily drives to the moat picturesque sights
in the island, and is a constant attendant at the little opera-
house. It is settled that she remains the winter here, and
as soon as the Lord High Commissioner proceeds on
his visit to the southern islands, which be has de-
layed on account of the Emperor's arrival, she
will remove from the country to the government
Palace in town. Francis Joseph was seen this morning as
early as 6 o'clock smoking • cigar on the Esplaaade, and in
the afternoon, while paying a visit to the Princess Tour et
Taxis, who is staying at an hotel situated there, he seemed
much interested at the movements of the 2nd battalion of
the 7th Regiment, who were at drill, and remained on
the Esplanade for some time watching them. His
visit to Corfu being so strictly private, there is
little to relate respecting it, and, indeed, the same
may also be said of the lonian Islands in general just
now, as with the exception of a late outbreak in the civil
prison, we have had nothing of an exciting nature to en-
liven the hot summer months. Politics are just now at •
standstill. Mr. Drummond Wolff, the government secre-
tary, hes returned from a visit to the National Exhibition
at Florence, and is earnest in assisting the Committee of
the lonian Association in getting ready specimens for the
great London Exhibition of next year."