The Express.
London, England, 1850-09-05 00:00:00

Zile erpreMs.

OUTGOING MAILS.
TM mans North Manisa, Ilmmuda, sad tke
Thalia Seams will be mode up ta.mormw seeable.
Ms meals for !astute, Spate, sad Oibmleer will be ma&
we es September 7.
Tee made via blermillos, to Us Medlmmanuel,
Collett gala. Rear• Swag, Me., will be made up tilt;
miles of S pa. 7.
TM seeds hir Hommeeb, Misdates, News Jesse 1,
Chili, mid bo mode up os tbo mends/of Sept 17.
ne less libdie Mobs ouladlog Hoodlum, Massea, lie-
maul, sod I semel (Sr. Dosing.), sad ladadieg Tom •
Paola, Neer Orsaada.mil Grey Tome (St Jam 4•lllieregua)
will be made up ea Me moraist, September 17.
TM mails es Gibraltar, Malta, Gmese, tbe beim blaadt
Saps C.y1.., India, sad Ctilas ef. IleMbempass, will
M sada as ea Me merrier of Sept W.
TM mails toe Meals. will be made ap ea °Mabee 2.
Ito mum ler Kedges Me Brazils, sad basses Apes, will
M mule ay cm the emeksi of 0.1. 4.

611011 WALT= AT 101 MON NUMB.
Tamp Oat—lllorwom IN Um AlOmetoi.ll. Ma
Te...a... —Wigs& IL 0 A APAnosa. 7i. 7.•

LOPDON. THURSDAY. SEPTEMBER 6.

MANY things are indicative of improvement in Ire-
land. For • considerable portion of the harvest the
hoar of peril is slowly past. There will be less
wheat of prime quality saved this year in the eastern
half of the kingdom than is former seasoos; there
was less than formerly planed. and not a little has
ushered from blight. But of oats, which may
lei regarded as the staple corn crop in that
gantry, the sawing has been greater perhaps
than it was ever before. and the yield is
likley to be anustolly abundant. As between
the two kinds of cereal culture no rational man can
doubt which, in the main, it is s ifs and wise for the
farming classes to rely upon. The one is seen to
flourish with luxuriance in every district ofthe island
—to resist unharmed the influences of a humid at-
mosphere and a procrastinated harvest—and, what is
of great importance in a country whose occupiers
cannot afford to incur the extreme risks of fluctuating
prices, to being • steadier return than any other to
the toil and outlay of the busbaodman.
Next in importance to the oat crop is that of flax,
the culture of which has for some time been steadily
increasing throughout the southern and western pro-
visoes. Its produce is subject to greater variations,
and in some respects it is a crop more precarious.
But it is impossible not to be struck with the magni-
tude of the interest which flax, as the only known
alternative to cotton, is destined to assume
in a national point of view.• We have suf-
fered the means of extending our supplies of
cotton to pass unimproved, until a rapidly increasing
consumption and • succession of partial failures in
the annual yield hove raised the raw material of our
greatest branch of nianufsotnri' g itdurry to some-
thing like famine rife. Years of ezertion and enter-
prise may elapse before new cotton fields shall be
found capable of famishing the abundant sup-
ply our spinning mills crave • and the whole
prospect is still overhung with • thick cloud
of difficulty and doubt. The sole alterna-
tive to either cepiral or skill hitherto devoted
to textile fabrics of the sort in question appears to be
that presented by the growth and manipulation of
flax. More universal in its collieability than cotton
it has only been deposed from its historical pre-emi-
nence as the material of universal use,
by the superior cheapens' of its rival.
But, in a practical point of view, this
superior cheapness arises from the application of me-
chanical invention to the to collar elasticity (so to
speak) of the cotton fibre. When similar ingenuity
and care shall have been steadily applied to the adap-
tation of mechanism to the preparation of flax, we
cannot doubt that a vast reduction in the cost of its
manufecinie will tyke place. And it stems equally
iroapricabletoanticipste that the steady and persevering
devotion of agricultural energy to its resuscitation as a
great el ment of prod', wilt of necessity tend to pro-
mote the same result. In this aspect it is highly sa-
tisfactory to know that c maiderable progress towards
extending and improving the growth or fax in the
sister island is manifest this year, and that way is
making towards introducing those economising m-
esons which contribute so largely in Belgium and
elsewhere to turn the crop to most account.
The fears which have naturally prevailed for some
weeks regarding the fate of the potato are a good
deal din. loid. If half the cvp is saved from the
lingering malignity of the fatal blight, there will be,
it is said, no lack of food fur the labouring classes
during the cutting spring- For the present food and
work are equally abundant. In some places there is
seen • want c f harvest hands.

The suicidal folly of the extermination system is
beginning to be felt; and it is probable that its con-
stquet cm will be still more perceptible next year.
Fur the tide of emigration ie still remitter ingenue-
ably, and the proportion of young and energetic men
who are impatient to escape from a land of social
bender. and 'sectarian subju4atioc, is necessarily
Brewer than that of weaker age or sex.
Fur every picture has its reveres side; and the
prement upset of Ireland is no exception to the rule.
Pestiletee ha pained away, and nature has resumed
her genial influence. The mesons in their revolutions
grow once again propitious. Every thing relents but
the tiranny of man. The blind and besotted love of
unenj iable power by the few over the many is in-
exonb.e ; and the recklessness of rulers who leave
the glaring injuries which millions suffer 'unarmed
beam there is no parliamentary necessity for doing
torneihing towards it remedy, seems wholly
invincible. Physical improvement, industrial con-
fidence, political eonterment, fiscal retrench-
ment—all are retarded and prevented by tee
infatuated tenacity with which the legislature clings
to feudal principles of land-owning and land-letting.
Under the existing system a good and a just landlord
may, it is true, have a happy tenantry and a produc-
tive estate ; but so he might have under any species
ef law. Toe merit in such CMOS is not
due to the law, but to the man. And
the frightful evil is that the premilieg
system in Ireland being innocuous only where
practically it is not relied upon, affords a legal sane-
Boa spa hsbitaal extortion, exaction, and oppeesawa
nisch as would drive a more prooperoae, and therefore
more impatient and led-respectful, people into abso-
lute Messy. And the danger is, that as the moral
mange of the resen.ful, though hitherto despondent,
multitude revive., they may be misled into courses
from which the heart and judgment of those
who sympathise most keenly wine their wrongs
instinctively recoil. It is net in human nature to
endure patiently for ever seek cruelties and hardships
as the Irish farming clam rinfeterdly and notoriously
ere compelled to gaffer. The landlord in England
makes every requisite improvement end lets the farm
far the same rent that the landlord in Ireland claims
for hie lead without improvement. If the tenant
trim to work it as he gets it, no toil or thrift on his
pert can compensate for the risk and loss to which for
want of buildings, drains, and fames, his snips are
admittedly exposed. If be makes these improve-
ments at his own cost, the rent is raised air he is
evicted ;—in either ma he is robbed. Bat it is rob-
bery according to law ; and oar rulers desire that it
should continue to be so.

WHAT is to become of the inheritors of great titles
and gnat names when their Amuses bosom dilapi-
dated, when a century of spendthrifts reduce their
income to a pittance, or an Encumbered Estate,
Bill tares them adrift upon the world P The spirit
and the determination of the time is, that the places
usually ailed and the salaries esjoyed by emelt mag-
nates shall be abolished. The while laid the
hatchet to the Irish vies-royalty as inarave-
tient, and if they failed of their stroke it
wu merely owing to the peecipitate and
awkward way in which they went about it.
Now, the great embaiwies are to be abolished. And,
we shaU have one of these day" a =7lelleel' Indies, with Hindustan divided into
twisty prefectures.
It is remarkable, that this species of genteel sans
ewlicasw, which BURKS so deplored, is not the work
of radicals. It Is the knot aristocracy that
mum to get rid of Its overgrown bhna, as stupid
and =ekes, or dead weights in fact. Tuns magnaus
and eroded toe their polities'
:Blesiecorceniri=odi, their power to nastiest' sad
to speed. But with their political power
has expired their inflame; their wealth, too,
seems to have evaporated at the same time.
Zug hatifire where it did exist, sad might
*MP hiss beentillzb lung away, because
MS .waster stee ao us that Gould be
alb Th•••• Is fad pidakisil sad lot

it should survive, the economists are palliog down
even the hospitals where it might And momentary
retie.
Folly do we join, sod sisesnly do we emu with
the wisdom of abolithing such places se these t het we
anent go the length of a morning contemperary,whish
rapiers to abolish diplomacy altognther arstAE
moo. It is the fashion indeed to nnedown
and teas it is, that the members of certain
do and have esatianed to get as exorbitant sham of
weal* from the pablin This is ewisg, le a gm*
measure, however, is the idiocy el the mid pulite,
who, in selecting their physisiaa or their lawyer,
follow rumour and feeler" inlaid of exercising die
ceramist and disention. The pablis haviag spent
half • century in making kids of the shish audits
prolusions, are now takers with a lathy to break the
same idols, and strip them of their geld and
finery. Bat in troth their jealous panieseny is
u mean sad senseless as was their prodigal and
blind idolatry.
Radicals though we be, we humbly recommend
that the law as a profession should be allowed to
exist. And for pretty much the same rem ta wo
should recommend that diplomatists be allowed be
exist. It is not became highly-born, highly-paid
diplomatists have proved the emptiest of imesalee,
that for this reason the profession is a worth-
less the, or its learning and experience to be slighted
and dame without. Let us recollect what hap-
pened after the great French revolution. In sweep-
ing away ell the upper classes, those skilled in the
forms of society and in dealief with the educated and
well bred, the French republic found that its diplo-
matic affairs were very badly managed ; that it
could gain no point, obtain no dear information, nor
held any influence in say court of Europe. The
Directory first, Boturattee after, saw the mistake,
and were obliged to have recourse to the school of
old diplomacy.
We agree folly that envoys at Stattgard, or
at Dresden, are a mere waste of public money.
At Berlin, at Vienna, at Paris,we should be glad
to see wealthy magnates give place to able and
business-knowing ministers. But to have Eng-
land represented at these courts by mere consular
agents would be bad economy, and a writhe We-
take.
We dare ea_y it would be more agreeable to the
autocrats of Vienna and St. Petersburg not to be
troubled by the presence of real diplomatists.
What they would prefer would be either a great
lord, who would chime in with the courtier class, or
a mealy agent whom they might refute to see, and
whom they might threaten with the refusal or with-
drawal of hie ezegesotrr. Thus bath the Curt, we
understand, treated that worthy man, the ex-pro-
prietor of the Morning Pose, whom it pleased the
whig ministry to appoint consul-general at Bt.
Petersburg.
Rome is another place where we have a consular
agent. The gentleman, Mr. Fatteiroont, merely dis-
played the Cnristian virtues of charity and
upon one occasion, protesting against the bow=
ment of Rome by the French, and on another coos-
stun by helping to get some mores of the defilade,. of
Roue into a place of safety far from Pontified vete-
geanee. These Christian acts, denounced at the nument
by. the agent of the Timm in Rome, appear also nab
becione acts to the papal vicegerent of Christ, that be
daily threatens Mr. FRSEBORN with expulsion. The
Tuner aid the POPE, who are wont to hunt is
couples after poor lib. rale, may thus join in the than
and persecution of a consular agent. But a minister
would defy them and their girt%
We do not think, indeed, that there should be that
marked difference of reek between the consular sad
the diplomatic agent. Both should be bred la the
same school, bought with the same expirince.
stamped with the same character, and posseseed et
equal intelligence. The one should not be theses
from the ranks of needy nobles, the other from waifs
of the naval or of any profession. aplomacy, whether
mercantile or political, is a profession. It might have
ire grades, but should be one requiring in all poets
brat-rate character and acquirements, and maintaining
fret-rate position.
Bat as to the peculiar kind of envoy to be sent and
maintained in each post, that should evidently depend
on the government, and the nature of the 000 rt to
which the diplomatist is autredited. In the good
city of Hamburg a consoler agent would hi well
placed. Whilst in a royal residence, where it is often
important that an envoy should approach the fountain
of power—the autocrat of the empire—it is requisite
that the interests and dignity of Ene land should be
cared for and represented by a man of weight, posi-
tion, and tale at. Nor is there any nerd of spending
on such a personage the enormous salary bestowed
hitherto on the great embassies.

Ova of the direct of the many dire calamities
which were foretold as the molts of the repeal at the
Corn•laws, was the depreciation in the value of land,
which was cot only certain but was to be immediate.
The sinister vaiicination, however, has been as lite-
rally fulfilled as were the predictions of the sages,who
held that the ruin of British commerce Ironic be the
necessary result of the independence of the American
coloeies, and that the monarchy would not be worth
ten years' purchase after the pegging of the Reform
Bill. It was in vain that it was urged that the value
of the land would be maintained and more than main-
tained by an improved agriculture, by the
introductioe of more capital into the business
et salivation, and by the establishment of a tattle,'
roes of tenure. No device could adequately supply
of the menaced corn laws, and the vales et
i• Oreat Britain was only ti be upheld by.tbe
posple eeetinning to pay a war price for food in a
time of proound peace.
the awn laws have been now virtually ended he
the last hew years, and what has been the rank, Is
the ha simple of land in Oreat Britain materiaßy
Mar is voles than it was in INS? It is notorious
that it is am so, although but little additional capital
leo as yet been applied to its culture, and although bat
6w, if any, improvements have been introduced
isle oar system of teem. Had these things
Mahn pleas es they might have done, and as they yet
end (mobs value of land, instead of being meta-
lobs& would have considerably inweesed within the
la* tsar years. Without them it cannot be said to
ban diminished, a triumphant fact in favour of the
ales imparts tson of food.
Thew two hut few agricultural districts in Ragland
mblali de ast afford illustrations of this. When there
M a fees to let, is there a want of applicants, or a
taWmgeff in the met offered P Oeserally speaking,
the reverse is the ease. The applicants are as neme-
ses' as ever—in many instances more so— whilst act
only are former rents maintained; but, in a large
proportion of mess, higher meta are offered than
before. The same may be said of many of the low-
land districts of Scotland, in Ayrshire for instants',
where highs, terms are both offered and demanded
lot such he.. as fall in. Nay mare, farmers, when
cireamolmagas will permit, evince an eagerasee to
Somme repriessre, by exameting their leaseholds into
fielded& sad addieg to rack freehold property as
they may have already acquired. To be sure, with
all this, them is a great deal of grumbling, which,
bearever, and sot eararhes as, when we consider that
gr is a &tomb weakness at the egrioaltarel
aer manibet itself in times of reel or as-
sumed adversity, it cease sot in their palsied days
et peasiperittat It was the same with the West India.
it I. surely a saildent refetatisa
de"siiiit.je4s.....b.drel as regards eon l the value of W
that fat eald;
me higher vests new eared for farMs, bet that theme
bras( Ohs most thorough haw/ledge at the value
sad eerhinties of the soil, are se ready and is
aszisss as ewer S. laved their mesas in its parakees.
lie or seed despair eI the value of lead, w slag as
linens are kind easier to harems proprietors.
The mirth et Beetlesol braishes, to elms ardent,
as exemption to what le here stated. There is there
M es& eager comrades far farms as is the math
ad, tor the rant, the value of stabs lasi as
Y~esseepltiasy the eat b slightly downwards. De
eases aro gamenlly treeealtim to mope
.mases, and ea training into this we fad
that lead eiroametress have more to do with it them
have the late dears is our commercial ',ditty.
For semen years back the least saleable =oe
Ile meth et Boatload has bees arable
sap for roam shooting has imparted a high yaw
to twigs trade of desolate moorlaad, rad* he
ages, wen comperatively valosiess. no Mad sow
salsas' by the liesme of emote readily seamd-
his ems' weltee with gams is two years' mat is
amjeos. lloglielmess tapir Is shesla every as
t• umth, sums ama a love of sport, sisal
lama s dubs Iff , sad others ark tots