The Express.
London, England, 1857-10-15 00:00:00

(Stamped Id. AdditioesL) [TWOPENCE.

Kr. G. Stephenson, upon the too great speed befog the came
of mcklints, %muse it is better to rely upon the nature of
the thing itself, and no testimony, nor any anthotity, is
wetW io prove that such rapid motion must produce the
ocesepossees =creed to it. Than it renal= to Drank= the
justifications of the proposed prohibition. The adva=tf
such travelling, ea saris( lime, and thee givin
%Mt= to the trantection of basins= as well ea- secomoto
dation to persons brat upon =we of realism for Ohm
Pursuits, cannot be desisd. Ner ces it be doubted
that there are many 'kg if asked whether they
=old, for the mks of the be= the risk,
would answer 6 the adirmativeerlat it is equally
undeniable that a very great majority of that who
travel would prefer the security, and declare themselves
mad= with • moderate speed—with going from London to
York or Liverpool 6 eight hours and to Edinburgh in to
Vague they to be imeed because some others insist on
with doable that speed P It is a common remark of
those who red= %Us upon the subject, that if seddesto
hap= it is the fault of the public, which calls for 60 or 60
met= as hour; and they add, Valenti non fit **rte.
But the eelenter are only few cempantively, and thas=
of the travolkes—that to the labile—make so .00h
The =rim *limos wfth which of bw, like that of
all civilised comantskies, Intim over life Is list to be lost
sight = Severe pesithment is Misled ea way =els=
sae from which Eifel sesserassom remit, only lam sews
than what is indicted Art dab's= bilestkis of mischief
le proved. Nay the set dsaitdisirsation is se •
gnat offsets and whoever Is so of Ids own
safety as to cooed= Valk httendinp
petal
be mid to coonmit as abncershiek hems the ems
MIAs to Meek dot stsudlimbier ISMS to =sir. But
at the request of rather, puts hie to
=Nthaeri. trust, this as murder. These remark=
lest, to the dais who bawd their own Byes is the
.are time ; they are Incurring the mand guilt of = offence
akin to salads ; but, nest, the rase apply lo the nose
=se as tieing the lives of oths= sad commit=g •
most griever co.. It is ma lieet that the risk whoa
they sum Is no defence apalset the charge of In-
volving Ohms Is the same hazard, any men then a &Lail=
steads attpdtted of risking airily his neighbour's life by
the act that he .Lo risks his own. But we bare here to
demi, sot with the minority or their conduct in requiring the
dawn= rate of travelling, our concern is with the supreme
power in the State, the Legislature, which is bound to watch
over the safety of dm whole community, and to==ch
coeds= ea expo= it. safety to unnacessary
=do, too, of the grossest description. If it should% mid
that lb. Axing of a maximum mad, with the probibilka of
acurg
it to make up for lost time accidentally Isom*
vroulniniah the security of the public by making the
mama= mom cents= the answer is that this sever could
he the vomit as bag es the pew= liabilities coshed;
beams so one mate=s that by Wig the maximus the law
should ash= the parties absolved from all other duty,
except that at sot assesdag the rate. Beery
other neglect would In either as ma anon, or
=tali the reparation, by smy damages,
of to tae
serum the segligasce be asd ft would no kind of
nor men any matter of extenuation so as to mitigate the
asstesce in the easy if the proved that the requinties
el the kw reepotisg less sompubsely complied
with. There am be so doubt that to Fran= Onseasy, end
Belem, where the rate does not emoted tere=rave miles
an hour, sondieste are very much more rem thin la this
eomtry
do It re nia tit jot. by rearb;
those coun=. It may be probably bead expedient for
the bandit both of the shirsitoldin and of the public to
=reduce • better system of masegement by paying the
Ihnctionaries more Bberally sad =oft mere entire re-
spossibOity upon than, so sib salts so binfiresce of the
unpaid directors. But this IN •et, sad conseets
itself with the whole railway • im wall as the
branch immediately under ccomidessliss—the premed= of
amides%

Ti. CONDMOM OF WOMIMOVIIML—ILY HASTACOS
read • p.m ca Workho2:by Mt. Twining of London.
dderft Mined loth.atebscourpetenoe of officiak,
mad seurgested fist certain the Poor-law Board's sodas
ehould be made more delnite.
Yr. W. H. LLOYD WA that this state of thins did not
apply to the Iliminglm Watchcase, se here the greatest
wait* thee the peer elesuld bowed taloa eareaf. Like
Millarimitrbdreg, he wee is favour of appelatiag vielbers,
who thersid be laid by gerrernment, end be mpg* like the
impecton al pear laws, in ladi atter the inernel 'mammy
et cartels depart:mats at the wafts es in • given dithiet.
Mr. HONCITON HILO= Mad It was deer there had been
great that ie asisimme in the Loudon workhouses, mad
that wee no doubt, oho, that the Poor Law et Imgland wee
not so much a question of amity so at pahlks. He bed
hoped that government would ham an. someadag this last
emirs in support of Lord Hanlon's momment Ike in.
qairyi and he promised that he Wald not Imo sight ot the
queston.
Dr. nun mimed the question whether. broken-down rate-
payer ought sot to have a higher kind of relief than the mem
vagrant sad pratesethsal pauper, who had never paid a Ail-
Ong ot netee in his lite
Yr. T. M. WILLIAMS add this would, in rosily, be hold-
ing oat a meth= to Improvidenee, as if .n one could be
espeetad to melds against the aoddata of life; it wee the
rate-paytng truism= rather then the poor *Maud who
never ha the means of being
A Maim remarked that 1411"midosant tconteated inmates at a
workhouse wen usually those who bad been in a good
position.
After a
vote of thanks to Miss Twining, the section
adjourned.

LOAD STANIAIT IX TES CIA'S.

The first pew On the Wern* of HabitaMms," was
by W. H. McMichael, Nag.
Houma Ton Tea Pooa.—By the Rev. M. E. Harts-
herm.—The anther eternal that the subject of labenrers'
,led shady engird the attention of sacral wealthy
whilst on the other hand many Individuals were
11"11101C.7.71wsetbag duvalsigs for their workmen sod de-
pendents on • good system, if they knew how to do ft at •
moderate cost. The matter of economy was the main &fa-
culty, combining with It the health of the inhabitants. The
dreams should be armed in connexion with the house
itself. It should peas entirely under and around It ; this was
essential alike for the preservation of the walla and the health
of the Inhabitants. A dry floor was of the Mince importance
for health as well as for cleanliness; it should be laid with
bricks, gowns., or flags, upon • ypre red or cements
foundation, so that all moisture might speedily escape. A
return of the mortality for Bedford said that the majority
of deaths from scarlatina or other creek diseases have
occurred In the most denerly populated district/I. From
places in Re err the reports were of a "Millar character;
all showing the necessity of doing something to remove this
evil. In erecting new cottages the fact Mould not be lost
eight of that a sunny aspect gave rheerfulnere to the Inmates,
'debit the reduced duty on glees allowed of its introduce=
with freedom. A plentiful supply of water should be se-
cured.and if cottages were constructed se they ought to be,
a provision would be made so ample that they would never be
without it. The necessity of providing more than one bed
room in ovary tabourer', cottage was evident for the pease-
vation not of health only, but modesty and deemoy. Very
much had been done in the way of improvement in this re-
spect during the last few years . the Prince Consort early
felt the importance of the subject, as he had evinced by the
twenty well-planned cottages in Windsor Great Park, which
im'e however, too costly for general adoption. The Duke of
Northumberland had done very much in this way, and all
hie cottages were built in such a way as is moat likely to
meet the wants of his dependents; they are most commonly
built of atone, well drained, veoti aced, nd dri. The
living moon are as much se 16 ft 14 . 6 In.
The duke had expended more than ZOOM in the
erection and repair of cottages. In a similar
spirit Purl Spencer had erected eighty-seven new
e=
at a cost of 16,2201., or 1901. each; ha
ho repaired 143 other*, at a further cost of 3,0001. The
Duke of Bedford had constructed 666 new cottages for his
labourers. Where stone was at hand the met was about
1001. each. In the midland districts it .4. 1201. each, which
showed an entire expenditure of 62,6901. The Doke of
Northumberland's cottages were substantial, warm ; and, sa
the Duke of Bedford's wise chiefly of brick, and of less
architectural appearance, both were suited to the purpose,
with a due regard to economy. They were really good
Mowers' cottages, and greatly tended to the well being of
those who wen fortunate enough to live in them.
A third paper, on the "Density of Population and Lo-
calisation of Dwellings," was mad by Mr. RAMSAY • after
which the general discussion was resumed by Mr. A.lianirn
Hia.rs, who attributed very moth of the continuance of the
evils in connexion with this matter to the ignorance of mem-
bers of parliament on this subject.
Mr. SLANLY, M.P., said that hie familiaritf with the
state of the "neglected districts," as they might with great
proprietyi be called, convinced him that nothing in reference
_to mile they were discussing could be regarded
in the light of exaggeration, whilst their effect upon the social
system was se bad as it was possible to conceive. It was a
thing to speak of the ignorance of members of
puli•meat on this subject, but In that respect he believed
that an Irovegostit was taking plan every day, and that no
long mend would elapse before them wee some decided steps
taken in the direction of legislation on this subject. Ono of
the worst symptoms of building dwellings for the poor was,
where they were placed back to beck. This prevailed to •
great extent at Liverpool.
The Rev. Mr. Boma, of Edinburgh, said the in Scotland
there was no legislation whatever on this subject, Nothing
had been dope to mete openings for the km dem:intim of
air In some of the most densely populated parts of Edin-
burgh. Prom whit he had seeshienelfho could my that there
wire as more degrading 1041001 ms to any Cbriatan lead,
us , not even is the Indian wigwams, than there were in
and Glasgow (Rem, hear.) In the agricultiural
&arida of Soodend—Mid lathlen for I■lftllOD—wire. the
lend was meet highly cultivated, there was no mere theinded
papa/Wm anywhere to laa found. When he first went into
that district then was not a cottage to be found with more
than one bed-room; the landlords appearel to care
Set the Ingham ; :the Newts oared Msa; they botiri=

care that a cow or a horse &mkt have proper shelter, know-
' tag that if either died, it would take a considerable sum •
replace tither. If • man died, throe was another to fill his
mat once. Direct legislation for Scotland wee the only
Mr.y Surname°a made an observation with reference to
111 important t in this diecnadon--the cost of cot-
tages. He bad knoern them erected as low ea 701., and 61.
extra tor a bed-room, it with • stop ladder.
-

The Right Hon. W. Cowries:President of the Board of
Heath, was opposed to forcing riallagalell, in occutexlon with
=attars of this 'clad, on the country, or of depriving the
looal authorities of the power to adminster the law.
It wee quite true that Town Councils end other bodies had
otostionally shown an unwilliegsaes to avail themselves et
tbspowee shun by parliament, bet they had afkewarde done
it it better than they would have dontrhaPer they
bad goes into It with more seediness; ucopposition
L."44dimmed." and good bed resulted. s was. opposed
:ribitrary or Melissa law. An otdeeeka been
made to lofty beam; It bad struck him that thi wee a good
substitute for area, sa ht the Streatham-dreg homes, for in-
Mame, then was • staircase common to all, but the people
who resided than admitted that so inotereskaos was ups-
!UMW, no more the meeting a neighbour in the sired.

Yr. limo= mid It was astiefeetary to know that they
hod antved stun pole, am*, ea wholookm of the evtl.,
lie ailed ea bateau of the Weald vesultiag bozo a pee-
eleeesto is the adhere", to the prow* system. Who the
Melon lea mod la South Wales the out of fury mew
owe was witieted at 1001., which wee mote thew the vela"
oldie leoeluple death agave la the dietrkt. The diem'
wr ceeamd ie theme* wretched sottegm the swift welted
Must amdrely Sae from it. The malt we that the
forced the of the weeks to erect wow
AM wore commedlowe
- - .

D. CONNOLLY said that oresedriag more was lanai than
Leann= hr the awe rho of obtaining ventillstion and
drawee. TIM NOW audition of the pie* wanted ba-
proving; they wanted man good food end good elating ;
what was the nes of glvbs. the poor an aloune of roans
if they hid not ',MOW aMliiliol of clothing end Led f In
'may testences wipe were so low that the people could
SOILITIIy Hee oath this. was some alteration it this ra-
sped he despaired of much Improvement.
Tr. Vasa, reasseng again to the economic principle. said
that It wowed, from the scale of rent charged by the Duke
of Bodtod for Ms aWnes.that the return on the sudsy was
niter ant.; red to Bart Opener, 2 6-10 per cent.

. .
Mr. B.Awantson, Cl., said that ths' acidities of the
pore was not so in Wm respect as hsd bees vote-
sswied. In many ..se whore bed houses edited there
eras a complaint about them, and threats to abandon thus
were frequent and he believed that a feeling of this kind was
toctunding. With reference to the great question as to the
effects which altitude from the sea might have upon the
public health, he believed that much mdapprekension =idyl
In reference to this matter. and that the facts were not taactly
" (VARLET, in closing the dissuasion, said that the
somas to which the three papers read referred were so im-
portant that It would be Impossible to exhaust them. He
caseated with Mr. Cowper that It would be impolitic to
ores* local hoods of health to move vigorous action. The
law might do something in reference to the stractural cow-
s:wake of buildings, but nothing beyond of •
character. As to the coat of cottages, they might 1781:=
to pay large proprietors indirectly, if wet directly. On •
large estate the difference of the poor rate could not fail to be
cossiderable ; other advantage@ mast asoseearily arise from
the labourers being well lodged. Upon the whole hs
gouda the discussion te-
which had taken piece as most nestal
sad interesting.
The motions adjourned at 5 o'clock. This mai=
Mayor's dinner to Lord Brougham takes place at the
HOWL

INDIAN ZUTLNY.-NEETING AT ST. PANCRAS.

The parishioners of St. Pancrea held a meeting
yesterday at the National School Rooms, in Southampton-
street (the Vestry-hall being under repair), in furthenume of
the fund for the relief of the farmers from the Indian mutiny.
The Rev. Canon Dein, thevicar, presided, end in opening
the business he observed, that while he agreed with the
Rector of Marylebone, that it would have been better, in re-
-s:t the Immediate result of the oolketion, that the meet-
should have been held at a period when the wealthier
inhabitants ants of the pariah were in town, yet, miter the experience
of the day of humilialice, he rejoiced that It
had not been, geeing that it had afforded to the
claims the opportunity of testifying their
wmpathy in the cause. In the parish Morth alone
ca that day2,6ooperson. contributed. It was true they mimed
the paper and the gold, but they had ea ample equivalent
In the large number of small silver coins and the copper coins
I --and he was one of those who always estimated the moral
value of a emetributlon, not by the amount, but by the self-
sacrifice It entailed on the contributors. There would, how-
ever, be ample opportunity afforded to the rich to subscribe,
by mane of the local committees, which would be
appointed. He wee @axiom to place the St. Pan-
ama hind upon truth a footing that it should em-
brace the w -Mb of the Inhabitants—without distinction of
ekes or creed. He suggested, therefore, that there should be
constituted a large parochial emunithe, composed of gentle-
men from all pare of the pariah, and representing all parties
end ell opinions, and that this committee should be subdi-
vided into ward committees, whose duty it should be to
collect the subscriptione and report to the general committee.
He bed modved numerous lettere from gentlemen belonging
r.th.,:h=rlh who were unable to attend, but who were
dolmas of sedating in the work they were met
to promote. One of these correepoodents was Dr. Hamilton,
of the Scotch Presbyterian Church in Regent' - Kum, who en-
closed 321. Is. 11d., the amount collected at hie church on the
humiliation day. Another was Professor Newman, of
University College, who enclosed 101. towards the tend. In
conclusion he urged the duty of making personal eacriffee for
so holy a muse. He called attention to the vast amount of
re„ifiand
destitution the mutiny, and the war it had
o us, must nacemerily entail beyond what had
tended
C 171.111 sad reminded the rosettes that nothing
tended se much to encourage and give con&kmoe to the
soldier, while fighting the battles of his mmtry, as the
knowledge that thole who were near end deer to Muer
in ea event of his falling, not be left deetiente, but regarded
ea • sacred legacy by hie countrymen. (Hear.)

The Rev. DAVID Lanto, of Trinity Ch=ch ( who, the
reverend vicar mid, had been the first to move in sep-
ias= of the relief fund in the parish of St. Pancras),
moved a resolution, to the effect, " That this meeting,
dseOr sympathising with our suffering fellow-countrymen
In Ind* and viewing with the utmost abhorrence and
=nos= the atrocities committed by the mutineer., not only
towerds unarmed men but defence's= women and chil-
dren, do hereby recognise the common duty of all Eng-
bahmen to alleviate, by all means in their power, the misery
and destitution which this calamitous outbreak has caused."
Re remarked that the sin which had brought the
present judgment upon the nation was common to the
whole empire, while the suffering wee individual; and as
showing be necessity for providing liberally the means of
extending immediate relief, he mentioned the case of a clergy-
man, a friend of hie own, who wile killed at one ofthe
Indian stations while officiating in the pulpit, together with the
whole of his congregation, nod whom widow, who was left
with two children, was unable to Lowell the money which he
had saved for the benefit of his family, because she was, from
the very circumstances of the are, unable at present to pro-
cure European proof of the death. He was happy to say
that upon the cam being represented to the governors of the
84 Anne's Society, they had consented to receive the two
children into their asylum.
- - - • -

The Rev. It. W. Realms's, incumbent of Christ Church,
seeonded the motion, and in doing so took occasion to com-
pliment the Mansion•house committee for appropriating
1,0001. of the fond to the support of the general institution
founded by the late Sir Henry Lawrence for the support and
education of the children of European soldier& in India, which
since hie death bad bat the contribution of 1,0001. a year,
which he always made to It. (Hear.)
On the resolution being put, • Mr. Comarrr rose to move
an amendment, but the meeting refused to hear him, and the
Chairman ruled that as they were called together not for dis-
cussion, but to promote a definite object, he had no right to
speak—a decision to which Mr. Collett loudly but ineffec-
tually demurred.
The motion having pared,
The Rev. 8. MINTON moved, " That an immediate and
urgent appeal be now motto to residents of all dames in the
pan It of St. Pancras, and that a committee be formed for
this purpose without regard to difference of social position or
of religious creed." After expressing his gratification at the
unanimity evinced in favour of the relief Mud, to which he
said even the reclaimed thief had contributed—the inmates of
the Reformatory in the New-road having helped to swell the
collection at AU Sainte' Church, Gordon-square, on the
humiliation day—he observed, that were it not for the horrible
massacres that had occurred he should look at the
mutiny as one of the most valuable lessons this
country had ever received. It woo • judgment
hem Ood for the sinfulness of our conduct in India, where
it had been our policy to hide our Christianity, dishonour
our religion, end the Mister we served. We had &smirked
our Christianity In India to preserve the fidelity of the
native army. We hod paid the price ; and what had we
got for it ? Ood had turned our wisdom and our foresight
into
The folly.
moieties was seconded by Mr. 8. S. Wino, and
carried.
A resolution appointing • general committee, end a vote
of thanks to the-chairman, were subsequently proposed and
carried ; and, after making • liberal addition to the fund
(including the mum collected at the several churches on the
humiliation day, most of which were handed over), the meet-
ing sopersted.

CRYSTAL ?LIAM 010 Batumi° DAT...
WIDIIIIIDAY,OOTOIIIII4.—Adadmior co psynosat, 2,306 ;
&WY ram lials, 736 ; btt•4 1,640.