The Express.
London, England, 1861-01-02 00:00:00

LONDON, WIDNIISDAT, JAN. 2.

V'iss last Allocution Of the KIPVIAKIGN PIoNTIYV
is in many respects an improvement on most of its
predecessors. It is more digintied in tone, and
has less of penionate and imbecile vituperation
than usuaL The HOLY FAT/11.11 speaks, or is made
to speak, more in sorrow and less in anger than
he has done of late, and the address accordingly
contains comparatively few of those vindictive im-
precations in which the vocabulary of the Vatican
is so peculiarly rich. Not that it is by any means
wholly free from these rhetorical ornaments. Those
disturbers of the Church, the King of SAROINIA
and the Emperor of the FKLN4II, are still alluded
to as " impious men who proclaim themselves the
" sons of the Church, but whom we must call the
" MOM of darkness." And after referring in detail
to the recent changes in the government of
Umbria, and especially to the new decrees relating
to ecclesiastical property in that province, the HOLY
PATMEacoatinues :—" This multitude of evils can
" only be attributed to those who, styling themselves
" the promoters of public happiness, have, in
" order to extend their power in Italy, laid •
" 'Nerds-glom hand on all laws, human and divine;
" and who in their impious fury have left in their
" track nothing save ruin and desolation." But
in the present circumstances of the Holy See a
slight outburst of this kind could hardly be re-
sisted, and may be readily forgiven. As a whole,
the Allocution is, as we have said, more dignified
and temperate, both in spirit and substance, than
usual. It has, moreover, a touch of reality about
it -something iniproaching to an earnest, practical
nterence to recent and prospective events—that

is in such a document a most welcome innovation.

There is, indeed, cause enough for this change of
tone. Roth as a temisiral prince, and as sovereign
bead of the Church, the Port has now to lament
over losers and evils that are no longer imaginary
or prospective only. The Philistines are upon him
in grim eareest. It is not simply the loss of his
possessions at home, but the serious and threaten-
ing attacks on his power abroad, that Pius IX.
has to deplore ; and both in Italy and Europe his
foes are those of his own ecclesiastical household.
The revolution in Italy has been effected by Ca-
tholic populations, and the monarch who has
assumed the government of the Papal provinces is
a Catholic King. It is, no doubt, a heavy afflic-
tion for the Hoi.v FATHER to have lost nearly the
whole of his territory by the voluntary act of his
nominal children, and he, not unnaturally perhaps,
looked to the great Catholic Powers for sym-
pathy and help. They have afforded him
neither. Ihr the contrary, both Austria
and France have given the Pi oar re the
cold shoulder in the hour of his utmost need—
the very crisis of his fate. The representative of
the royal house that has for centuries been the
devoted servant of the Holy See—the descendant of
that Roootru of Hapsburg who, at his coronation,
used a crucifix for a sceptre, in token of his absolute
devotion to the SocailLlON Posrirr—is on the
point of abridging the power and privileges of the
Church within his dominions ; while the " Eldest
" Son of the Church" openly propounds • scheme
for the abolition of the Pore's temporal power,
and curbs with a strong and determined hand the
mutinous prelates of his empire. These are more
serious signs of the times than even the loss of •
province in Italy, and as such PICK IX. evidently
regards them. While the political affairs of Italy
anly occupy a paragraph, nearly half of the Allo-
cution is occupied with indirect but sig-
nificant denunciations of the treason against
the Church meditated by her eldest and
most favoured sons—the Emperors of Ars-nos
and FRANCE. FRANCIS Joiszen, it is well known,
feels himself compelled by the political exigencies
of his position to modify, if not to abolish altoge-
ther, the Bien Concordat with Rome, and the
Pore accordingly seizes the opportunity of giving
him • covert but severe lecture on the impiety of
such a perverse and pernicious course. " In
" truth, it is impossible," says the Houv FATHER,
" not to deplore in how many countries of Europe
" have penetrated the most pernicious errors on
" the power and rights of the Church. In one,
"they labour incessantly to invalidate the Con-
" cordate concluded by the Apostolic See on eccle-
" siastical matters ; in another, they devote all
" pains to prevent for the future the conclusion of
" Concordats with the view of regulating the
" affairs of the Church, or at least that the civil
" authority should interfere for the conclusion of
" such treaties. We have experienced all these
" recent contrarieties, venerable brothers, not
" without serious regret." That one sentence
referring to the country where efforts are
incessantly made to annihilate the Concordat
concluded with the Holy See, is indeed the
only direct reference to Austria contained in the
Allocution ; bat the minute details and long dis-
mown of the rejected Haden Concordat, with the
e•nphatie papal protest against that impious
proceeding, are all of course directly designed for
the young EVI.IEOOIO4 instruction amid reproof.
hi itself the Kaden affair is entitled to no such
prominence in the papal manifesto. The rejection
of the Concordat in that small State is Hot cry
recent, and except as a useful text for the
admonition of a great on ighbouring power
it could never have occupied • prozai-
Dent place in a Pontifical Allocution delivered
at such • crisis. The Pores reference to the
tendency of opinion in Franca is far more aceino-
m„al as well as mere direct than to that of
Anetrtn. The ground of attack is the well known

pamphlet on the Papal question. recently pub-
lished in Paris, in which the spiritual supremacy
of the POPE is summarily disposed of much u
the temporal power was in the more celebrated
Imperial manifesto, er.'aled " The Pol.*: and the
" Congress." The SovrazioN P,PNTIFF re-
gards with the liveliest grief and indigna-
tion the ventilation of these audacious
plans. "While a lively grief had seized us on
" account of the state of the Church, anew placed
" in peril in the (lrand Duchy, another source of
"grief, produced by a most ittfusamts I..mphiti
" lately published in Paris, has come to add to
"our sadness. In that publication there are so
" many things so completely opposed to truth, so
" many absurdities and contradictions combined
"by the author, that it is more fitting to throw
" aside and despise it than to refute it. What is,
" however, intolerable is the audacity and impiety
" of this writer, who, not having feared to attack
" the Civil and Ecclesiastical Principality of the
" Roman Church, has endeavoured to contrive a
" particular species of Church, to be founded in
" the French empire, and organized so that it
" should be removed from the authority of the
" Sovusios PONTIFF, and completely separated

from it. But what also is this than to overturn

"and rend the unity of the Church?" Against
the impious awl audacious suggestions of this pam
phlet the Hol.ir FATHEZ appeals to the traditional
fidelity of the French people to the Holy Sea,
and especially to the well-known Papal zeal of
the French Ultramontane ecclesiastics. " What
" injustice," exclaims the excited Poseur, "does
" the author of this pamphlet not do to the most
" illustrious French nation in believing that that
" nation, the moat attached to Catholic unity,
" could allow itself to be drawn into schismatic
" errors ! What boldness must not the writer
" have who dares hope to detach from obedience
" and faith to the Holy See the clergy of that
" nation, and above all, those illustrious Bishops
" who by word and acting have unceasingly corn-
" hatted for our rights and those of the Holy See!"
This kind of appeal is a very natural one, and
in making it Pirs IX. but follows the
traditional policy of Itame. For nearly a thousand
years his predecessors have pursued the same
course towards every temporal Prince who showed
himself disposed to resist their arrogant claims.
They always endeavoured to sow the seeds of dis-
union between the nation and the ruling power,
to stir up the people and the local clergy against
the King who attempted to throw off the yoke of
Papal servitude. This policy, however, did not
always prove successful even in the high and'
palmy days of BoNiesitz the Gazer. A French
King dared even then to appeal to the
French people against the despotic claims of
the arrogant Pontiff, and he received the en-
thusiastic support of all estates of the
realm. But if this policy failed then, it is hardly
likely to succeed now. Louis NAPOLEON has
resolutely opposed the rebellious efforts of the
titramontans clergy, and in this the French
people heartily support the Es/resort. Pius IX.
has already alienated the " Eldest Son of the
Church" by obstinately rejecting his counsels, and
refusing to listen to his advice ; and he can hardly
expect to secure his favour and support by
striving to rouse the clergy and people of France
against the policy of their Imperial head. While
the Allocution is, therefore, in some respects more
serious, and in its reference to current events more
practical than usual, it shows no trace of true
political sagacity, is still far enough from the
dignity of a state paper, and can have no real in-
'hence whatever.

Downixo-atraaaw, 31.—The Quuen has boon
plaided to appoint George Moutague, Eq., to be Deputy
Nuneyee•Gesen! of the Cokey of the Cape et Good Hope.

WHITEHALL, JAN. 1. —The Queen lota been
LITto appoint Sir Henry Wellwood Moccreiff, Bart.,
.4,4t0 be Secretary to her Majesty's sole and only master
misters Li Scotland. in the room of Dr. James
Robertson, decesised.—Gozetle.
ST. J•IdIDI'm PALACE JAN. 1. Her Royal
Highness the Duchess of Cambridge has been pleased to
appoint Captain William Purey Cust to be one of her
royal highness's equerries.—Gazette.
DIFUTY LlKUTT.NANTS.—Cornminnionn signed by
the Lord Lieutenant of the county of Hareford.—Lord
Item Montague Graham, IL P., Richard Hereford, Esq.,
Evan all, Faq George Percival Smith, Faq., Thomas
Hardwick Demme, Eaq., Major John Elirriegtoo, Lieut.-
Colonel Robert Feilden, Robert Henry Lee Warner, Fail.,
Thomas Prosser Powell, EN., Richard Yapp, Faq., Thomas
Sommers, Esq., Cheerios Vine Hodges, Eaq., Robert
Manikin Lingwood, Eel., James Klapp*, Fe 9., the Hon.
Charles Spenosr Bateman Benham, Richard Ark-
wright., Esq., Reginald Brook Boddingtoo, Faq., Henry
Miles, Faq., Colonel John Coke, Richard Frederick Webb,
Esq., Tryns Dew, Esq., Thomas Reaveley, Faq., John
Davenport, Marmaduke Charles &den, Esq., Colonel
John Colvin, C.a. Audrey Rouse Boughton Knight, Esq.,
William Mame, Fp., Frederick Stokes, Esq., to be deputy
lieutenants. Cortusiedmis signed by the Lord Lieutenant
of the county of Glamorps.—George Grey Rous, Esq.,
George Thomas Clark, Esq., John Popkin Traherne. Req.,
Richard Fothergill,Esq., to be deputy lieutenants. —Garette.
ELICTION or AN ALDIUMILX FOR CANDLEWI4%
Wawa—The election of an alderman to 1111 the place of Sir
George Carroll, Hat, who recently died, took plop osier.
day at two o'clock at the White Hart, Abchurch.kne. The
Lord Meyer presided. The requisitiori to Mr. Dakin, which
wen.signsd br every voter in the ward but one, having been
lead, Mr. J. Xmas moved that Thomas Dakin, calms and
Zeremaker, and deputy of the ward for sir years, is a
able pines, qualified to be alderman of the ward,
in the room sad Mead of Sir G. Carroll deceased, and there-
fore the mid T. Lakia be dieted. Mr. Green seconded the
motion. The Lord Mayor then declared that Mr. lhkin
eras sleeted, amidst loud and continued cheering. Mr.
Dakin thanked his fellow citizens for the honour they had
done him, and left amidst the cheers of a large number of
ponces who had &rambled.
AOSK or DlHTlNill:leiHrl) PERSON/.—One of the
fashionable annuals ( Who Who) has been at pains to col-
lect and the ages of distinguished persons in the
maks. The tables are calculated to the birthday of each
PIMPS dark. 1560. It is striking to note how advanced in
oars are meat of the persons who hold conspicuous
Looking at the church we bad the youngest arch=
(the Archbishop of York) is la while the A rchbishop of
Armagh is 87, the Arehlishop of Canterhury 80, sad
the Archbishop of Debits 73. The oldest bishop is the
Bishop of Ensear, who is 83 ; nine other bishops are 70
sad upward@ ; sad is are 60 and upwards. The youngest
is the Bishop of Carlisle, who is 43. The Youngest peer in
parliament is 21 The Duke of Argyll is :Si, Earl Granville
45, the Earl De Grey and Rios:3.l, but most of the slates-
Mall elms am older. The Earl of Derby is 61, the Marquis
ef
Laserkorne 80. the Earl of 1/otitis 58, Lord Chelmsford
61, the Earl of Clamed= 60, Earl Cowley 56, and the Earl
et Ilkabereagh 70. le the Commons the sexageearkes
abated. Amos( the younger men are the following :—Mr.
1:11=IS, Mr. R. T. Bouverie 42, Mr. Bright 49, Sir H.
, Mr. A. W. Kileak• 0, Mr. Layard43, Mr. New-
-44.414 44,1 e Mr. R.Oshome 47, Mr. F. Peel 37, Mr R. Peal 36,
Lied Oteay it Amore the older men are Mr. K. Banes,
whip is 110. dir R. MUM OD, Mr. Cobden 56, Mr. Disraeli
Rt. Mr. 61. &keret Mk Mr. W. J. Fos 74, Mr. M. Gilman
61 Mr. Madeline 51. Sir W. Hayter 66, Mr. Sidney Her.
bat 10, Mr. Hanson 53, Sir F. Kelly 64, Sir G. Lewis
54, Sir E. B. Lyteen 55, Mr. R. M. Mines 51, Sir J.
!adagios 61, Mr. Roebuck 37, Mr. Walpole 54, and Mr
C. Wood 60. The ywngast Resator when the maks be-
ams will be the sew for Ripon, who is 22. Sir C.
Burma the father of the boom is 86. The yarned, at
the English judges is Bares Wilda who is 44, a year
Urn Mr. Justice Wilke Sir J. Besse is 69.
younger Chosen 50, Sir A. Cockburn 58, Sir Oresswell
Croswell Mk ebier Justice Isle 67, Right Hoe. E. Limb.
*too 78. Tke4.2macellor Wood 50.
Sore tag. BWEVICItn AT ST. PAllL'A.—Arraw-
mist' have been made for commencing the special Sunday
evenieg envier at St. Paul's Cathedral oe the 27th no,
an which occasioo the Bishop of Leedom will preach.
Amorist the eminent divines whose services have bees
mound as preachers during the course Ana the Dean of St.
pmrsok• Bishop of Durham, the Bishop of Ripon, Bishop
floorar, Cliseceller of St. Paul's, the Bishop of Oxford, and
like Dna of Chichester. The new marble pulpit has been
feed in its place, and the aew organ ills the upper part of
the south tnnsept. The organ is to be publicly tried for
the first time on Thursday, the 24th inst., when the oratorio
of the Messiah will be pref.-mos& The orchestra will be
placed under the organ is the south transept.
The lUtaitly Lister has tumour to behave that
the Pope will not confirm the recent ronniotion of French
bishops, unless s change takes place in the attitude of the
French government towards Rome.

THE EMPRESS,

Wryer.

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