The Northern Daily Times.
Liverpool, Merseyside, England, 1856-12-22 00:00:00

TUE DIRECT WEST INDIA TRADE WITH
CANADA.

We are more than ever firmly persuaded " that there
will yet be a regular commerce between Canada and the
West Indies," and we find that our opinion is quite as
firmly shared by men in the trade well competent to form
an opinion. It is true that the West India trade is not a
new one to Canada, and it may be well to review its for-
mer position. Mr. Keefer, in his essay on the canals of
Canada, traces its fluctuations. We condense his state-
ments :
The British market was closed by prohibition against our
wheat until 1814, but the West Indies and Lower Province
gave a sufficient demand so long as the free export of American
produce was permitted by this route. As early as 1793 our
exports of flour and wheat were as high as 100,000 barrels,
and rose in 1802 to 230,000. In 1822 the Canadian Trade
Acts destroyed one-half of the export trade of the St Lawrence by
imposing a duty on American agricultural produce entet ing the
British American Colonies and West Indies. The accidental
advantages resulting from the differences which arose between
the United States and Britain, led to the interdiction of the
United States export trade to the West Indies, and reduced it
from a value of 2,000,000 dole in 1826, to less than 2,000
dole in 1830, and so restored for a time our ancient com-
merce. The trade of the St. Lawrence was also assisted
by the reduction of duty upon our flour for the
West India morket, and therefore rapidly recovered, and i❑
1830 far surpassed its position of 1820. In 1842 our trade
with the West Indies was annihilated by the reduction of the
duty upon American flour brought into these islands. By
imposing a duty of 2s 8d per barrel upon American flour
imported into Canada, and reducing it in the West Indies from
.5s to 2s, an improvement equal to 5s currency was made in
the new position of American flour exported from the Missis.
sippi, Baltimore, and New York. The value of our trade
with the West Indies i❑ 1830, during the exclusion of the
Americans amounted to 906,000 dollars, and in 1846 it was
4,000 dollars."
Such have been the fluctuations of this branch of
trade, but of late years it has again sprung up, both by
means of direct importation and by transhipments from
Halifax and Portland and other American ports. Several
houses are now extensively engaged in the business,
and the extent of the trade is being developed pro-
portionately with the growth of the province. The
large sugar refinery in our midst is a practical proof of
the new aspect the trade is assuming. In spite of
difficulties and customs hindrances, it is steadily assum-
ing a healthy aspect, and we are satisfied will yet, and
that speedily, be one of our largest branches of
eommerce. We lately referred to the state of the
trade as in 1853, and we now complete the view.
The value of articles imported from the foreign West
Indies in 1955 was £85,158, of which there was
directly imported £35,389, via the United States £19,079,
and via the Lower Provinces £30,688. Our trade
with the Lower Provinces, which besides comprehends
many West Indian goods, which are not included in the
foregoing figures, amounted for 1855 to £208,170 lls lid,
two•tltirds of which was in these descriptions of goods.
Our exports to the British West Indies were only £737
5s l Id, and our imports £3,533 18s 4d. For our part,
we have already expressed our convictions of the neces-
sity and propriety of an immediate effort on the part of
our Legislature to secure the benefits of reciprocity in
the native production of Canada and the British West
Indian Islands, and the British possessions in South
America. Canada submitted too tamely to the
frowning down of a movement, which was
misunderstood and misapprehended at a distance,
but which is called for by every consideration of patriot •
ism and attention to the interests of these British Colo-
nies. Surely, it were more for the interests of them
all, and of Britain too, that an inter-colonial trade should
be maintained, than that our American cousins should be
the middle men between us in some instances, and in
others engross the trade. Several of the West Indian
colonies, and also British Guiana, are now prepared to
go heart and hand with us for the measure, and we are
satisfied that Britain will not long withstand the joint
wishes of her colonies, if expressed in a firm, respectful
tone. We can supply the West Indies with "wheat,
flour, oats, bran, pease, beans, salted meats, horses,
lumber and staves," receiving in return sugar, molasses,
rum, fruit, &c. In the words of the Barbadoes
Legislature, "the proposed interchange would be
mutually beneficial to both countries ;" and "that
whether looked at from the mere commercial and finan-
cial point of view," or "in its social and political bearing."
We shall take up the question at an early day, and show'
how far the movement had already advanced, when it
was for a time stifled. Meanwhile, we demand the
measure on sound commercial, colonial, and patriotic
grounds, and are satisfied that it will with all its advan.
tages be eventually secured. But till then, and in spite
of all difficulties, we rest confident that the enterprise
and energy of our merchants will not fail to maintain
and greatly extend the existing trade, now, again,
Phoenix-like, rising from its ashes, especially when taken
in corjanction with active measures to secure the trade
of the Western States. We stand at. the outlet of the
new Mediterranean ; fortune will favour us, if true to

WILLS.—The will of Field Marshal Viscount Hardinge,
G,C.8., has been proved in London under £BO,OOO ; also
have been proved, the wills of Lieutenant General Sir John
Rolt, K.C.8., K.C. ; Sir Edward Sherlock Gooch, Bart.,
M.P. for East Suff )Ik, £50,000 ; C. Walker, Eq., Seymour
House, Jubilee place, Chelsea, and of New Inn, formerly
of Old Jewry, £100,000; Miss Elizabeth Mary Miller, of
Ansley Manor House, Hants, £30,000 ; William Cox, of
Dorchester, £14,000 ; Miss A. Dupree, of York place, City
road, has made a curious will, and amongst other legacies,
has bequeathed to the Friendly Female Society £3OO, the
interest to be distributed to poor single women of good
character, or widows above forty, having bad sight, and who
are hardly able to work, being English Protestants ; to the
Rev. Mr. Hetherington's Charity for the Blind at Christ's
Hospital, ;£5OO ; Aged Pilgrim's Society, £3OO ; Society
for the Prevention of cruelty to animals, £3OO ; Asylum for
Idiots, Park House, Highgate, £3oo.—lllustrated News.
THE CONVICTS UNDER SENTENCE OF DEATH AT MAlD-
STONE.—lmmediately after the conviction of the two men,
Thomas Mansell and Dedea Redanies, for murder at Maid-
stone, they were removed to separate cells. Mansell, who
was convicted of the murder of his corporal, by deliberately
shooting him with a rifle, is a very fine young man. When
the trial was concluded, he expressed himself surprised at
the result, and said he thought that as it was a Maidstone
jury, who he knew were averse to capital punishment, that
tried him, he did not expect to have been convicted of
murder, but thought they would only have convicted him of
manslaughter, and that he should be transported for life.
He does not, however, entertain any hope of a commutation
of his sentence. He had served for ten years in the 49th
regiment, and conducted himself well before the enemy in
the Crimean campaign. The foreigner Redanies, who was
convicted of the murder of the sister of his sweetheart,
having previously murdered her also, and pleaded guilty to
that crime, has excited a considerable feeling in his favour
by his apparently mild and inoffensive disposition. He is
a Servian by birth, and originally professed the Mahomme-
dan religion, but he states that he was converted to Chris-
tianity, and he appears to pay great attention to the
spiritual exhortations of the Rev. Mr. King, the chaplain of
the Maidstone gaol. A good many years have elapsed since
there has been an execution in Maidstone. The ordinary
course for carrying out the sentence of the law, is for the
execution of a criminal to take place on the second market
day after his conviction, but as in the case of Mansell this
would fall on Christmas Day, the probability is, that the
sheriff will appoint the following Thursday for the execution,
and that both the wretched convicts will suffer on the same
day. _

IMPROVED WRITING INK, —What a delicious treat it is
to be blest with free, flowing writing ink. We have often
been disposed to quarrel with our very finger ends when
compelled to use some of those abominable quasi-fluids
called ink. Mr. E. T. Hall, of South Joh❑ street, has pro-
duced an ink, which we have tried, and we do not hesitate
to pronounce it one of the best kind we ever used. It flows
freely from the pen, and is amongst other things distinguised
by its affinity and intensity of colour.—Northern Daily
Times, 24th October, 1853.—501 d in Bottles, 6d, Is, and 2s
each.—Advt.
"TnE NEW INKSTAND.—We have used one of these
admirable inkstands, and find that it surpasses all that we
have seen ; in a word, it keeps the ink from the air, and
thereby preserves it pure and free. The pen is preserved as
well as the ink. It may be used in the midst of your papers
without fear of blotting, and is so simple in its arrangement
that it cannot get out of order. It is a boon to all writers,
and those who wish to keep their table covers and carpets
free from ink-blots should never suffer any other to enter
their doors."—Hampshire Telegraph and Sussex Chronicle.
—Price Is Sri, 2s 6d. 3s, and 3s 6,1 each.

AS MANTLES and JACKETS are so
very generally worn this Season,
J. MAC LENNAN, 36, CHURCH-STREET,
(OPPOSITE PARKER-STREET),
Has made arra,gements to have a Case of Paris MANTLES
and JACKETS, in Velvets, Reversible Cloths, and all the
other Fashionab!e Materials, delivered Every Week for the
next Two Months; therefore, those Ladles desirous of
having the Fashions as soon as they make their appearance
in Paris, con.bined with moderation in prices, are respect-
fully solicited to inspect the Stock.
JUST RECEIVED, from London, Two Cases contain-
ing about 700 MANTLES, commencing at the extraordin-
arily Low Price of 4s. lid. each.

SHAWL AND MANTLE WAREHOUSE,
OPPOSITE PARKER STREET.