The Express.
London, England, 1850-08-30 00:00:00

MANCHESTER, 4igiut 29.

tlecoa-lizonanom—Ttle market bee net presented any
been
s donetriking change mince yesterday, sad only • 'moderate badmen b

BIRMINGHAM, August 29.

STOOL-EXIMIANOI.—Thin share ;market was steady to
Lamina and North Westerns were done at lilt ; New Quarun
at I pm.; Mldlaschat 31j; sod Shrewsbury sod Birmingham pm.
Orson Shares at 91.

COAL MARKET.-THIB DAY.

Holywell. 138 6d.; Wolk End Riddell, 13s. 3d.; Walls
End Rsaw.ll, 16s. 6d.; Walls Rod Iletton, 16e 6d.; Walla
Rad Limiron, 161. ; Walls End Tess, 16s. 3d.—Sbips at
agatkat, 119.

POETBURT PIM AND RAILWAY.—The nine half-
yearly meeting of this company was to have been held yse-
torday at Bristol, bat there was not • sufficient attendance of
shareWden to oosetitate • mooting. The report of the
directors states—" That on act has remind the sanction of
Bt. legislature to facilitate the abandoumont of 'wimp', and
tbe disoolutann of railway companies. Under the provisions
of this sot it will be trompetent to this company to apply to
the eararaiusionen of railways Is audio. is* the abandonment
of the whole sr of • portion of die usdertakiae, and in the
latter, am tither to reduce the capital goo rota upon each
share to the amount reqiiisite for the completion of the dim/.
oinked work, or to canal the shares of such of the ahem-
holders as may desire altogether to be discharged from any
IWO*" interest in the olociern, 'ablest to the payment of any
amain or calls already made. The determination of dm
wow to be pursued is fogad to this question will Ma this
In= of deliberation at • special meeting of the shave-
Whisk this directors will mavens at a tutors day ;
proprosOwy Is whisk met rogistertd shai 'holder will have
woopplortosity of lag in aril's', in • form which will
be wet I. Mu by tho erectors. his wishes with napes% to •
Mal or partial abandonment of the sudsy skim. The GUM
Smite bbsoests showed a babies. ia lb. beam'. limas a
8,7411111 b. Bd. The only Bona of kir the haw,
way last Jay la aid of paeliamoetory *nib liba
apsesse,l4l. 114. id.

•
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iwio

gilt erpruts.

NMI WATIII AT WPM= AMOK
hassessa.

LONDON, FRIDAY. AUGUST 30.

OUTGOING
Ti. wane he Brßisk North Aviaries, Beresode. sad the
Udall festal will be tareo Ito thle Asp 10.
The Wort laths Male, a:tmbal/ Ileaduroe, Nesoes, No
wawa, sod hood (Si. Doesiore), sod iniquities Taw
awl% New oriaado. rad Ore, Tows (St .1 sea de Naartswe)
.411 be mak up ow the moms, of frotember
TIN mats kr M.sbe will be mode up ea arperaber
nit wale for Ifalora, taw brealls. aal Nalaes Arel,lPTit
be mods es es *be motor et Sept. 4.
Tho amolb lionelbee, se tb. 111•01Wwfwwow. 117 r.
Myles, Jodie. MooriLeaph 41a, ttBl bo sate up at the
Midas of B.pt. 7.
Tleo weds toe tibia, Opida, sill Ofbralaw WU be mote
us ea S.pteeebtr 7.
The arab for If ~soh, lloatureo, Meow UMW,
Mill, ma Presorill be ap.de up ea %keyway; of &ea,
TM mobs ter Gibraltar. Matta,Orme% tie lambs
Nil" Oeptea, lad* WI Mae. Ws leathaspees,wW
be mob ep ea the Mari eg of &pt. 20.

Ws were was, is saying that the philan-
thropies' seenabled at Frankfort, sad preaching
pease, darst sot at the same time preelaim, that pesos
was coly to be grained and amid in conjunction
with plugs'. fiberty. Colman said this aload.
And Paul's Cnurch though its parliament be no
more, bed again echoed a noble sad liberal matimeat.

An equally bold and telling announcement was
the prediction of fiasco:al ram. which thrttaluntod all
Ramps° goveramitate, in tioeseeiseacte of their great
military expenses. aceompinied by a defiance to the
military pover to govern at all, or preeseve ceder, if
there should arrive two coeseestiv• years of scarcity
end famine. There is no German tribune or paella.
Illestary bench at present from which an orator can
be hoard; en that such truths as them, descending
upon the German ear, cannot but have an import-
ant and • beneficial effete.

The reliance of the Baron You RIDEN, ose of the
best informed politicises, shows what its Dilatory ex-
peases have cost and are casting Europe. Some pro-
found wi's affect to regard all that was said at
Frankfort as a joke. Ths following is a sample, that
the political Jos Millar may at to his jest book.
Bat it will not be read as a joke by tho,s who, like
the English, are paying forty millions sterling for war
Wu, past and present:

The population of Romp. (eakulates Y. vas Red n) is
117,000.000, of which 128,120,000 are steles Of this Limber
sakub•sd those between 20 sad 33 years of fig*, sad
away these wake wore mails far envies, an-ball of the
aestaYin, the dower el the people, are gamed in warlike
purperes. Raw, be next lays that t►e average value of a
yea es !about way be taken at 91., sad tins by takiag away
Lot aillione of seen Iron their ordinery occupation, the less
of produce would be 38,0000001. sterling. To this he adds
sustain slime's paid in a •nn.:ioa with the eagle loss,
asking a total of 117,140,0001., or nearly oseethlrd t►e
amount of all the ►adgets of the Hempen' goveramests.
The fineness of war dories the last thirty years have
lean 241.500,0001, sad wi h we-third of this sun sight
be constructed all the railways which ere sow la these
(gastrin.

The war expenses, at least their proportion to the
haapts of great empires, are here enormously under-
stated. But the particular amount is not of so much
eonn (pence. The fact, the terrible fact, is the im-
mense disproportion of military expenses to national
resource*. This proceeds from the immensity of
armies, a system introduced by NAPOLION, and which
has proved, and is proving, the ruin of Europr, in its
finances, its libtrdee, in its meal and physical develop- '
sent.

There is, moreover, one class or profession gene-
rally supposed to be most benefited by these large
armies, and which in reality has been injured and de-
graded by it,—this is the profession of the soldier.
War in the last century was carried on by
=all armies of veteran or highly disciplined
soldiers and skilful officer• The officers were then
much better paid, much more considered; more was
expected, and more depended on them. The soldiers
were few, but were men who bad chosen their pro-
fession, instead of being forced into it. A quarrel
bet seen nations was then decided by 30.000 men
of a side, who stood firm and in line, and had a feel-
leg of hat they were fighting for.
Instead of these the huge armies that NAPOLEON
called together in his later Campine, and the size
and formation of which hare been imitated by other
countries, were immense masses of men, often of boys,
forced into the ranks and br. ught into action in such
deep columns and serried masses that foe them either
to run away or to fight was impossible. We need
not point ow how murderous is the system of
deadly missiles ploughing through a column, besides
the enormous losses of rich a multitudinous army in
the bivousc, the hospitals, and the maraud.
The enormous armies of NAPOLEON thus owe their
origin to the distrust and degradation of man, as a
soldier. But they wets necessitated by another
cause, the awakening of European populations to the
causes of war, and to a participation in it. In past
centuries, the people of a country scarcely ever thought
of taking active part in the struggle of armies. They
bowed their heads, and saved themselves murder and
pleader as they could. But from the beginning of the
peewit century wars were no longer warsof dynasties,
of a FREDERICK against a FERDINAND. They were
the struggles of peoples; and an invading general bad
to calculate not merely the force against him in the
field, but the population hostile to him throughout
the country. Hence cruelties and atrocities were
committed is the wars of NAPOLEON unexampled in
past history. Our writers attribute them to the
ferocity of the French, when in fact it was but the
result of a new position.
These two WWII raised the number of Euro-
pean armies to hundreds of thousands where they used
to be thousands, and thereby so overburthened the
resources of each state, that we see the greatest empires
in Europe either in or verging upon bankruptcy.
Nor are the oonmsquences less painful to the
people in a political sense. England and
France had both the good fortune to dint
their revolutions. which secured them their liberties
before there existed a standing army. We mock the
Germans of our day for not having been so summer
fol. We forget the millions of soldiers which cover
her soil. And we re these millions and their com-
ma:liters quits as incapable of founding a regular go-
vernment as the mob they put down. Austria is at
this moment in as great a state asocial and political
anarchy as when it was ruled by PILLEMIDOR7 or
Bon VIELKA.

- - .
We repeat it, the powers that have reamed au-
thority by the mere physical force of armies eta only
Cras despots, and can only &peados their any.
ean estabJia6 nothing. All they can do is to tyres.
miss, to crush. And all the people condo or thick el
is to bide their time for revenge, and crouch like
tigers, awaiting the hour when the spring of popular
insurrection can be renewed with some chance of
moms.

Then are countries in Europe, however, where the
dreaded media may be avoided—and those are
where the army is more especially an army of chi-
mes. Neither in France nor in North Germany ma
the soldiers be long made the instruments of oppree-
don, or long kept estranged from or hostile to the
rent of their fellow men.
The danger from armies even to governments is
thus threrold ; and the larger their muse., the more
dangerous and int)lerable will they become. It is
therefore time for monarchs to take into serious con-
sideration the suggestions of Pesos Cour unless
they will await to have them made armies of
civilians, determined to be dragooned an plundered
no longer.

EVZIT session we find the Hones of Ominous, at
the instance of some fussy or crotehetty member,
publishing a number of special returns, the NM of
which it would puzzle a coojoror to dimmer.
Sometimes they oontain matter straitly patent to the
house and the public ; their information is gateway
selected and arranged in:a manner that defies the in.
of esesparimee with earlier retinae that
esa lead to any refill inference. The honourable
member makes hie motion, and sits down with the sir
ea man wbo has unburdened his conscienoe, and
discharged as important duty; the return is ordered,
made, laid on the table, printed; and neither mover
aer any other living being ever thinks more about it.
One of them inexplicable phenomena ham made its
airarpeamaocesinoe the prorogation of parliament, is the
of a return, moved for by Mr. CATIJIT, Of the
values of the Bridal padres sod manatee-
tares exported to the British celestes and dips-
dismiss in 1849. After a deliberate and plas-
tids, study of the document, we coshes ourselves
equity at alms to dimmer what theory it es. Was.

trace, or what poetise!
CATLIT, wa as baud
to mho also aro of it w
next nor= be will b

dim' Imo May whisk
M. k sionesda

or will over kaow why
Moe Worm an $1

tet Moe IM sheathe of
Om Mr. CATLIVII anseassist clasinflostime
it em
partleakeelham -Imret the kindred
totem tithe Beard of Tiede. nasal er dreseuisl. It
masa be prapa!ed with them) and if it could,
what information is to be dmived from a return of the
declared whine aloes P The estimated. or awe:aims-
tire reel raise of all the prod we and menniaMmessf the
United Windom exported to 1806 wee 18.878,11.
la 1846 it had isoreseed to 181,184164 Tim
declared nine of all the Fondues sad amiadhotatse
of the Belted Kingdom. exported fa 1806, was
38,077,1441.1 is 1848 it was 67,786,876 L In the
mums of 41 years the actual value of British produce
and maaidesteree mutually exported had been aug-
mented more than flve-fold. bet the declared value
had bees little more thee doubled. What OM be
leased free dad ao deceptive P
API; a mere tabular statement wee of the cor-
rect valves and quantities of British prods°, and
manufacturer exported to the various colonies sod
depeodesoies sea neither isdicate the actual 'maid=
of these countries, nee the progress they are making ;
stilt lase one it indicate their importance as markets
for British aerehante and manufacturers.

—..—.--
How fellation an indication it is of the actual
weaditioa aid propos of a oolony may be shown by
a kid Nkomo to some facts waneeted with New
South Wales. The &Waxed vela* of the British
manufactures and prawn exported to that Gamy in
1849 was 1,330,8391. This is shout the same as the
declared vales of the exports of 1839, in which year
it was 1,231,9691. Is the coarse of the eleven years
the declared value of the annual exportation of
British pradoos and nianalbotures to New South
Wales had woe (in 1840) risen to upwards of two
millions; and once (in 1844) fallen as low as
643,4191. Bat the actual declared value for the year
has in general kept oscillating between one miUioo
and one million three hundred, and the average of
the eleven years will be found to lie between the
two. According to the declared value of the annual
exports of this country'. produce and manufactures to
New South Wales, the colony most have remained
perfectly stationary since 1839. Bet looking to
the value of the exports from New South
Wales itself, we find that it has risen by •
steady progress from 948,7761., in 1839, to
1,830,3881. in 1849, the last year for which the
accounts an beton us. The exports of New South
Wales have doubled in value during the last eleven
years. Looking more closely to the details, we find
that the number of acres of land in cultivation has
increased in that time from 93,312 to 183.889 in
1848; the value of wool exported, from 442 .3041. is
1839, to 1,240,1441. in 1848 ; the value of tallow ex-
ported (which was ail se late as 1842) from 9,6391. in
1843 to 140,3791. in 1848.
It must also be kept in mind that in 1839 our Aus-
tralian settkments were cooloed to New Sauth
Wales, Van Diemen's Land, and a few unfortunates
thrown ashore at Swan River in • rash and ignorant
rtempt at colonisation, where they were nearly
starved. Two colonies have sitee been carved oat of
the New South Wales territory; South Australia and
New Zealand have been colonised, and even Western
Australia has made some progress. The declared
value of ail the British manufactures and produce
exported to the Australian settlements in 1839 was
1,879,39014 in 1849 it was 2,080,3841. And the in-
crease of the exports from those coloniee—of the
minerals of South Australia and the wool and tallow
of all the rest—bas been much more rapid than that
of New South Wales.

A little reflection will suffice to show how decep-
tive any inference must be as to the value of the
colonies and dependencies to our trade and manu-
factures that is drawn merely from a statement of
their imports of British produce and manufactures.
Admitting, for the sake of argument, that the sta-
tionary amount of the declared values exported to
Australia implies that the real values have also re-
mained stationary, it must be kept in mind that a
direct trade has been opened within these few years
between Sydney, Wellington (New Zealand), Ade-
laide, and Perth (Swan River), on the one hand,
!and China and the Indian Archipelago on the
' other. The imports from China and the archi-
pelago are paid for partly in colonial produce, bvt
there remains a considerable balance paid for in bills
on London. Tau new traffic of the Australian set-
tlements has contributed with other incidents to in-
crease the ability of Singapore and our other trading
stations in that region to purchase our produce and
=cofactor-es. The annual exports from this country
to the West Indies are one year with another a
million in excess of the annual imports from them.
Title lumber and provisions imported from the United
States into the West India are paid in bills on Lon-
don, and thus the States are enabled to take more of
our commodities off our hands. The whole trade of a
colony moat be taken into consideration, as well as its
direct trade with the mother country, if we would
know correctly its value as a market for our mer-
chants and manufacturers.

We have deemed it not altogether unnecessary to
direct attention to these considerations. Partial and
bewildering returns like that called for by Mr.
CATLEY often lie forgotten till they accidentally fall
into the hands of some sophist or special pleader, to
whose fallacies they afford a seemini, corroboration.
The return in vestion has apparently been celled for
in a form that might render it available in support of
90030 of the honourable mover's anti-free-trade here-
sies ; and nobody need be surprised to see it flourish-
ing tome of these days in protectionist speeches,
leaden, and panspilets. Fore-warned is fore-armed :
the public have at least been appris.d beforehand of
its otter wortlileseness.

There is owe instructive truth forced upon our
notice by Mr. CATLIteII return ; the relative im-
portance of our colonial to our whole export trade,
and the comparative value of our export trade to the
different colonial groups. The declared values of ex-
ports afford bat a delusive index of the real values,
and they afford no clue to the progress made by oar
commerce. But the values bring all declared upon
somewhat the same principle in the same year, they
afford a tolerable index of the relative importance of
oar trade to different countries.

The dechred value of the exports of British pro-
duce and manufactures varies slightly from year to
year, bat very little in periods of live or ten yeara In
1847 (the last year for which tte aocoants are heron
us) the declared value of the British produce and ma.
Bantam exported to all countries was 80,111,0821.
The eggreggemßew vales he 1849 will not, it may be
assamsd, 6ic widely boa We. The value of the
British Foam owl nosolliolovos exported in 1849 to
the slinks mod was 18,894,0871. The
mittens sad take from us by their direct
trade ( By of what by their indirect trade
they enable ether coustries to take from as) more
than ose-herth in value el ell the produce sad
manafacturee we export This is bat an
imperfect indigadon of what this country has gamed
by colonnades and emigration. The United States
were founded by British colonisation, and the rapid
mores., of their population is considerably aocelerated
by British essigrattog. Of the sixty millions (in
value) of British prodoce and manufactures exported
in 1847 rather more than seven millions went to the
United States. More than one-third (in value) of oar
whole exported produce sad manufactures is taken
from us by these colonies and dependencies, which
still remain bound to as by the colonial wave sad
by those which have become independent states.
But for the =noun, scale on which Britain has
colonised eines 1800, there would not have been
markets enough to absorb the enormous bonus of
its produce and maisoiketores.

The relative impartemee oar ex trade
the differed adesialigsage isof also shownport in an is-
to
strootive mane by Mr. CATLIT'S return. The value
of British prodesemqported is 1819 to the British West
ladies in 1849 was 2,026,0191.; to the North Americas
colonies it was 2,279,193 ; to the Australian adonis@
(includiag New Zsalsoid), it was 2,080,3844 The
Wog I@dice have, it is true, bees thrown back by the
results of negro emancipation ; bat something of the
same kind was suffered in New Beath Wales by the
abolition of transportation to that calmly, sad the eon-
@Rant loss of @heap compulsory convict labour ; and
there has boa se emencipatioa of slaves in the North
American provinces. Yet the Australian settlements,
the oldest of which is as a trading community
only half a sentury old, ahead_y commune as mash of
oar produce as the Wed ladies, whisk have bees

himaisphme _ tke tardy rftp
othee=cted WhAvesi sad since free trade rtesken
the A 'bawl bald es With an-
aboard viper oedema.% while the others, enervated
as influence et the delusive system to which they
, heaths, about la despondency, unable, it
esem."to help themetivis.
Yee it could easily be *hewn that the progress of
Aestralia hes hese memorially retarded by the lois-
menegenient et the hese government and beehive.
Tide, however, is a subject for inters articles, sad for
the 'Mese! papers on "Emigration and the Colonise,"
of which the dna six numbers Imes already appeared
in oar paper.

BAN Midas to
,is cosi csir: . i
Culler, * t
miliity w
boats mimeo:
w greed wilt if Ille
Praillypt.leAW*

:am Sthadeor, L snlowahr.
pressawd I6L Barieeehi, thiaid•-de-eaarp ef the Ptih:
sideot, who moompauied the Oriestal party to
Mod, a rldbly-metaerdnabra.
IL. de Ilalvandy errivad at IF imbadta la the com-
pany of IL Pigeot, formerly Freach .siiy to the
Limited State flay wee both intimate dim wi
the Doke of Dorderaz, who *sot l 4 da dolma
at hie right baud. ;•
The ihrAar etstains the oaf the pre.
.reap and eterohtries of 'thrLaci= of tk.
depattommt, whisk an to the

-----
M. do Lossertiso hes bees appoints:
preshlost of the soasoll-pporal of the
Tbs. listogoallos of his ipso*, which Famed
lornaloa. was as follows:
Tw Pessbleat of the leyeblle prw sod at Lyons em-
ass babisplesee, w tiff& ell Mrs attelbeted eseeft-
etkusleael isesaiap, es ht his fluty es, we are ewe,
her hle *mitts. Let tlie tftwallw petrel reeyead by
Melee the shim wry la the tweet the seustry. Let their
ere bwo' Lbws fir the !reddest firth, AP path', support
ter his revenmesat, end pefseetwases Is the orititutiee,
esselloested estekideely by the sesedessioa itself.'

I spoke yeetsrdai of a meeting of Orlsanist mem-
bers to deliberate ea the soodiflatioas, if any. to be la-
trodnord late the policy of that party by the dead: of
Louis Philipps. I MMsarrdl that it was resolved to bring
forward the selisa of M. Craton Ibr abrogating the
law of banishmeat against the Bourbons, in the fol-
lowing forma :

The divides ad hat sew failed to prams is
rnase the ..m sMo..side TMes straggles far
lona being , moue, ia regard to the fatale, the
nos alumina shames. It la tbevelere, lisperteat ier the
Wong' of Frasee that a step should be ut to mob divi-
sions by dedraylog their is . It by the
abroaades Of Oho laws of g=t aseed against the
featly it Sessbeas that the Ileastahly will gurus@ the
eseatt7, Abed a safeguard to liberty and i. isstitutiose, aad
roily parties upon the posed of legality.

The let allele of the motion prOpeees that the law.
of 1832 and 1848 which banish from France the elder
and younger branches of the Bourbons .hould be ab
riveted. The 2od article declares that on their in-
Os ice upon the territory of the republic the members
of the family of the Bourbons shall take an oath to
obey the laws, and that is the ordinary form,
under pain of forfeiting the benefit of the present
enactment.

A letter from Fribourg announces that Father Hart-
man, superintendent of the Jesuit school at Fribourg,
has been summoned to Tonlowe to establish a jesuitical
seminary, on the model of the Fribourg one. Six
hundred pupils are said to be already inscribed for
this new school.
At the Bourse there was no news stirring. There
was a slight fall of 60. upon the Fives. The Threes
closed at the pries of yesterday.
According to the Comatitietrounel, the immediate
cause of the death of Xing Louis Philippe was an
acute pleurisy, which caused a considerable effusion.
A puncture made after death on the diseased side
caused an abundant flow of fluid, which proved the
correctness of the opinion of the physicians. Without
this accident Louis Philippe might have survived for
six weeks or two months the organic change which
was long ago observed to have taken place.
King Louis Philippe, some few days before his
death, signed a paper which secures annual allowances
to all the servants of the civil list and of the private
domain. lie grants them, indiscriminately for all, a six-
tieth part of their fixed salary by each year of service.
For services of 40 years and under there will be a re-
duction of one-third on the sixtieth. For services of
from 10 to 25 years the redaction will be only one-
t.tirth. For services of 25 years and upwards the
grant of the sixtieth of the salary by year of service
will be complete, but without that sum ever rising
beyond the halt of the fixed salary. Servants and
employes now holding places in administrations of
the state are excluded from a right to the above al-
lowances.

The annual allowance granted by Louis Philippe
does not extend to all the employes of the civil list
and the private domain, but only to all thaw who
remained at the Falai' Royal, or who followed the
King to the Tuileries.
ThA railway section from Chalons-sur-Marne to
Vitry.le-Freogois, 32 kilometres in length, will be
opened on the sth of Sept.
smote.

PAIN, Ara. 29. For Yaw Accounl.
Many] Opening Highest. Lowest. Claim
--
11 per Cents. ....... .... U3s 11 PI 40 MI 40 69 23 58 SS
$ per Coma.
S do. New Lose- a
a .. .
4 pat Ceuta.— —. le a a
• per Oads . „ I .
Exchange ars Loans: at alit. t 3 30; 9.4 dam 55 20.
Betts, 1. 131 n
Da. 3, 1642 .... I lama Ltar. ISO 781 ~
Do. 44
Do. 3
Piedmoot 3 per Costa. 94 SO „ Bask Maras 23:3 ~
Nouise.-84. Oermala, —; oermilles (right busk), 157 SO; ditto
itll. kart), 141 30 ; Paris and Orleans, 760 ; Paris and Room, 59123;
and Harm, NS 76; Marseilles and *sigma, 176 23; 6trasbourg
and 0.8., 11873; Wires sad Viersoo, 331 30 ; North, 463; Paris sad
eurtsgarg, 343 73; 'non sod Ilosteo, 147 le.

f

THE EXPRESS, FRIDAY WOW, ,41Trilqfq
asset. It as sunset._ Mr. ssttlid 'early 200 yearasad sollettielt Not\ Wild, leer ism& I
Ito ts qemossa, settled the,..2l..iwile almost early, saj ems. !ti.sat7:l4
_bald se how%
wise seses it t demi . . • sad Ostikr.
e at as essts-selter wild-spew 7.T.""'
aMetitteVllg swiss- s trargolltity
t made Itlse forth boss a dos seati amends, we baba
d a
it zgrestit•Vere
ties seititlezteata To ....z. say *doe. ;rpm sr isursses4
am Met I. therm
aes=rhiseakiliaii Ibi teidelstir fit tit*,
was taws for main beisispbses bad smartakeallat tirtly stops of hog IlAtadser. the Nefealise