The Express.
London, England, 1850-04-04 00:00:00

DANUBIAN PRINCIPALITIES.

Letters from Bucharest, of the 18th inst., state that
portions of the Russian troops hsve commenced their
march towards their own frontier. The smaller
bodies, which were distributed in Little Wallachia,
are being concentrated for the same purpose at Kra-
jova. Nothing positive is known yet as to the numbtr
of men who wilt continue to occupy the provinces.
A telegraphic message from Trieste, dated the
29th, brings dates from Bosnia to the 25th, and states
that at that date the insurrection in Bosnia was ra-
pidly spreading, and the danger increasing. The
population of Bangaluka had risen and driven out
2,000 Turkish soldiers. The vizier of Travnik had
applied to the pachas for assistance, but his applica-
tion was disregarded.

Beaus • 2.—Volvallamilmunz,
811".
Back
Debts S5l.

BERLIN, M %RCN 31.—Yesterday, a cabinet council
was held at Bellevue, at which the king presided, and
to which Lieutenant-general Itadowitz was admitted.
Definitive decisions were come to on the occasion
respecting the course to be followed by the govern-
ment with respect to the Erfurt constitution question.
Upon the bronzing up of the council, the Minister of
the Interior set out for his estate, in the Lausitz. M.
Von Itadowitz will this evening, take his departure
for Erfurt.

According to the Erfurt Correspondent: Bureau,
reigning princes, dukes, and princes have seats in the
German parliament in the following proportion :
Three in Staatenhaus, and four in Volkshaus. Of
land owners, there are 10 in the former, and 1.5 in the
latter; of merchants, traders, and physicians, one in
Staatenhaus, and 12 is the other; ecclesiastics, two
and five ; whilst all the other members of both houses
arc composed of pablic functionaries.

THB TAXES ON KNOWLEDGE—THE XEWs.
PAPERS OF THB UNI TED STATES.

NEW YORE., MARCR 20,18;0.
the effort making in England to abulish the tee ee
newspaper advertisements as well Si the newspaper
stamp duty, excites the liveliest interest to the
United States. That tax, however much it may be
deemed necessary to the support of government, is
evidently a tax on enterprise, industry, and Nees
maw,
aw, and has probably in an indirect manner tended
to impair their progress and prosperity. We, there.
fore, trust the effort will be successful, and we here
not a doubt that the repeal of the act will be fullowed
by immediate and universally acknowledged arisen.
Cage.. In the United States we have never had any
such duties or restrictions, for we deem that loas genes is the life of liberty, and newspapers may be
set down as one of our necessities without the grati-
fication of which we could not get on for a si,gis
week. Nor have we much cared how many were
published, nor what set of principles or whit pllicy
they advocated, fir we have another maxim in which
we religiously believe, tha • error is never danger
where reason is left free to oombat it."
From the best infoimation I can gather, we bare
now about 2,200 newspapers in the United State;
besides a large number of monthly periodicals of the
magazine class. These consist of dailies, semi-weee.
lies, tri-weeklies, and weeklies, as we term them, eta
the prices of these vary from 10 to 1 dollar ps..r
annum.
A few of these have a respectable age, aid have
existed ever since the formation of the pmernmeet.
Others boast if 20 or 25 years' duration, and °these,
again, are scarcely well established. In the city the
Evening i'ust and Commercial Advertiser are the old-
est we have among the nine daily journals. The
National Intelliyencer is the oldest, published at the
seat of government, aid probably the most digtifled
and honourably conducted paper in the Uuited States.
These enjoy a circulation, respectively' far in
the rear of the penny Dili e, rae:ieg sp
the difference generally in the price of subscrip-
tion. The Sun, a penny paper, in New York,
haute of a circulation of 30,000. The ledger of
Philadelphia claims a still larger ore, and it is I
curious tact, that in a city, not half so commercial
asNew York, such a circulation can be maintained.
The Herald and Tribone of this city have the next
largest number of subscribers. The circulation of
cauntry dailies is much less everywhere. One of
three or four thousand is deemed quite large. Per-
haps the papers published at the city of Washington
circulate daily, six or seven thousand cop'.es.
The weekly country papers are deemed pros-
perous if they have 2,000 subscribers, led very t4m-
inonly they have not more than 700 or flies. Amon?
the weeklies most successful are the Sunday p,..pnr,
or papers published on Saturday for perusal on Seas
day. Some of them in New York, Boston, aid
delphia have from 7,010 to 10,000 whim:bet,
it is quite impossible to state mum coy staiistics
that can come before the public what is tic euteent
of capital employed in the publication of ezekt papers.
In the legitimate sense of that word I !Lir t say
none is used. The Tribune, a daily paper of ::.is c:•7,
edited by a very eccentric man at talent ct the tome
of Horace Greely, was commenced by
any capital of h•ei own. He borrowed .7.0,1 or
dole. of some friend, incurred debt tor pr :tic.?
materials, rents, and paper, and succee led Li. the
energy of his character and the reputation he lt A r:r
talent, in establishing himself firmly.
.N..t .
however, a competent accountant, he ao..ght a partner,
and the resuit is that the property of toe pap, r
enhanced so much in value, as to hove nirio
expedient to make it a jointitock with a ca;i'.i
so ruled of 100,000 doll. Shares in tr.'.s

as
purcLased, prov:ded the purchaser is sgreesh e :o
owners; and it is said that, aft,.r pa}Litnt
expenses of pub.,ication,editorisl salaries, arse, s.rv.ces
of reporters and tveistants, a dividend er.is made •'..e
last year of 25,000 dole.
Tne Ne,r Yu, ( Mtn: ld is also believed to ..)e tea
proptr:y of several owners; ore of them an t xt,ni:re

dealer in printing paper, and is said to LIT
the last year about 20,000 dole. Tee
ostensibly owned by James %Mon Webb, our
rejected minister to Austria, and is arid to he wort.
40,000 dols. a year in profits. The .f,•.ert
?tierce is set down as a productive paper, the iTcr:-
which are estimated at from 13,000 to 20,00 u
per annum. The Express aid Lee :ze
leading evening paper', support their proprietors and
arta, 'ies very respectably, and have a ini.ll etiztai
surplus. Tne truth is, that literary pe ple, who !tare
a fondness for the press, a? d engage in
vocation, are generally very wt-II coit;n: ii
they can make both ends meet at the ezd
of the year, alter having gained a aubsietence for
themselves in the interim. Many, again, are sa!te
ooutent to live along from year to year, even fa.:iag
gradually into debt, under the hope tba: their er....irts
will finally prove suoccssful. Ido not believe, there,
fore, that there is in the United States a single
instance of a paper starting with a fixed capita!, or
maintaining one through its career. The actual
profits are taken up from time to time, and invested
an something more permanent than types exel
ma-
chinery. All our newspaper proprietors, as soon as
they are able, purchase estates, or bail stock, or
become interested in various specu'atio:s es tar re-
moved from literature as it is possible to conceive.
Mr. Hallick, of the Junrnal of Coma:snot., is a sort of
banker, and circulates large quantities of bank notes.
issued by an institution in New Haven, where his
family resides, and in which he is interested.
The principal proprietors of the Trihthe own a
large tract of land in Pennsylvania, where they are
trying the plan of a phalanstery. 'the owners of the
penny paper, the Sun, are deeply interested iu ferries
between New York and a point where they are twit;
to establish a kind of suburb.

le!!ed

It is carious to observe how the private interests of
these journals influence their character. The J,,tr, z!
(f Ceninteree is excellent authority for banktrs and
commercial men, and des:rcs to give an oul:mitel
power to capital. The Tril,utte advocates scam'
reform and the system of Faurter. The s,.n advocates
any scheme in which it may have a sh..ro, under pre-
tence of being the friend of ;he poor.
I suppose what ie true of New Yerk in this respect
is true of all other American clays.

The wet kly papers aim at iromethirg quite 1:!-
ferent from the dailies. They desire to have Sands,'
readers only ; they seek to place du:we:yes in the
hands of these too busy to read clu, the week. In
this city particularly, whore our eating ant &irking
houses abound, particular price is taken to nerve up
something that will please the pilaus of t_c ha-
bitues of these places. Thus, " thrilling" ram'
tires, sporting intelligence, rumours of a delicate"
character, and broad jukes, are the ataisles of their
columns. What the respectablo dailice wyald sera
notice, are " meat, drink, washing and lodging" for
them.
Theatrical, and particularly " green-room " infor-
mation, is a principal topic with their etliturs. rhcY
strict, and not without truth, a close intimacy wiln
' the " inimitable " Burton, witty Jack Ilrougtiam. the
rising tragedian, Mr. Murdoch, and ret al the
of tre soire.is of the beautiful Mrs. Smith, who,e
transcendent performaamm at the Bowery ni3ht•Y
draw entranced audiences."

In looking over the list of editors who are ,'.15ti....-
guished either by their ability or success in the eoc-
trol of the leading journals, we find but very few who
aro thoroughly educated men. Messrs. Bryant 1
Bigelow, of the Pus!, are the only two gentlenicnal:•3
are really tine scholars. Mr. ltry;int's poeti:al no: <'
have placed him in the first rank of American auth,ro.
'l'he editors of the Express, of tha Journal t: •
nieree, of the Courier, of the Tribune, and of the Su• •
are almost without exception only succeisful adven-
turers, who have loft other walks in life to
money by the press. It is really wonderful that shiy
are so successful. What they a ant in edevation they
make up in practical knowledge and common
never laying aside for a moment the consideration ea
dollars and cents, not even in their loftiest flights ,
The material of a leading daily may be deter:lv;
as consisting of one or mores machine presses, morel
by steam, and having the very latest improve:Beaty
IlAmong these is lice's rotary prow, only one of
is as yet in use in this city. This t. capable of pro.:
lug 10,000 sheets per hour. 'The Herald Ace is th,
only one whereas yet this maohice is in use.
In every office there is a composing room. wau,
from 12 to 23 stands for the type-mitti n; a tar:`
marble slab table, on which they place the contewhnts.
of their sticks ; a proof press; and a trough, ,te.
the forms are washed clear of ink atter hming bL.°
sled. 'the press room is now almost lament's'',
under ground, and, at some offices, a new bnler o a
furnace have been tried with success, eaulawillni

smoke. Is the ',gine room of the Now
ows bats laid my bead with peeing Ik..
) the full of the steam while the machine
ros full pfi ware of I aot oely is the
go, '77,,50ui1, but actual'y the heat of the fames
.1111
-*'...'s Wain' by the boiler.
I itirrafer umal in printing is decidedly inferior
yei Englan,l. 1' is made on cylinders, In
ital.
rood tenths, and is est afterward. to the
7'z''eml furs. It le chiefly made of cotton, and is
iiht averaging from 10 to 12 coats.
10.• ay. or
r,,spensatimil paidooo tot
the com
bat praitorsnightM is eseally
es, ods re-
") :ometbui gmore than those who work in the day
A keman generally has a salary of from
)1',:;d„1„ per amok according to his ability. The
1. :a
:4 by these mom. with many hoeonrabls eac*P-
Am cot the meet itgular. They are compelled
t-a- .04 roomata be up night after night until
hoar, and require stimulants to enable
to keep up with their work. Other., aggia.
e 4.2
1.V.12ef money, become proprietors theinselogi.
01 &going much political intelligence in their pro-
Ass rise in public estimation, and are
~,;.ml with disingaished places of an official

,ce legislative badies printers will be found
;.:-:,oher able Bombers.
4‘,1.: erectus may. be divided into occasional and
la this city it is the custom for our merchants
t.,.„,t,,e by the you. For this they pay each
yr 4,, do:iirs per annum, with the pin*, of te.
I„;:ac.b.,ir advertisements daily, sad nesivissi a
.1 the paper gratis. The (bowler is said to have
r 4 •
.mr:c sdrerticog subscribers. These advertise-
are generally reckoned by the square of eight
a-
nd a yearly subscriber cannot insert more than
• titan, at Nth time. An occasional advertisement
oas ireertion 50 cents, for the second 2,5
: sea 1•21 f r the third. Some papers charge
the It for instance, receiving one dollar
r irmrtion. If these advertisements are
or displayed, an additional sum
• nom occuei,d is demanded. There are also
parts of the paper, as those on the second
wtere the rows and editorials are printed, for
of which a larger price is obtained.
ass is on editorial notices of the articles
ani these are sometimes paid for at very
I have known 230 dollars giren for a
eC.:t rUI columr, devoted to the illustration of
• ihreetion of supposed utility.
AMERICUS.

T.? Se torahnued

ne Court.

WINDSOR, APRIL 3.
;Ren and Privet Albert took their usual
•.. lb. Fsnitly took walking and pony
r.:.e ikons', sad Windsor Park. Prince Albert
fastback tins morning, attended by Lieut.-
. ii. S.ymcar. The Duke of Wellington is en-
a: the Cut', es entice, on a Ir...it to her
Prince Albert. The royal dinner party at the
ail: include the Duchess of Kent, the
••• s inn to the Do best of Kent, the Baroates de
of Weilinntou, LitaksColonel Hon. C. B.
mil the Commanding Officer of the Soots
• .r.. iCo.asel D.zoo). Toe band of the Soots
erg: attend dialog dinner. Her Majesty's
rr:l 'fur:arils twer.d in the Cutts. Lord
has r,:iertd the Ears •f Morley in his duties as
v". t: :a the Q Ital. and Colonel Berkeley Dram-
Hr. R. Ormsby Gore sa his duties as
Wi.tit; t.) her Majesty.

irr,2l4 of Lv.odowoo arrivei in town yes-
_ L:10ton.

..eowri received terday at the elk-
,m elk trot rave

InT AT GREENWICH FAIR.

Lys of liretnwich fair closed last night
i•onoas to which • ocezetock place that will
t.rit,res by tho.• who wore tutfortsaato
' rw St.

_ _ _ p!ou is frost ief Richardsoa's travelliag
• • e..r. al. lief of the Erni Artillery aid a penes
:.:. .74 in the crowd, and then Wag • rut
: • at the fair, a general row wee the result,
;rens of width the military, it ia stated,
•••t .rent v:olence, sad inflicted *Moue injuries
;7 1.4 the.. They rushed in a body up the
mrcrr. and Lance gained pommies of the
;.t forthwith eousseased a violent attack epos
:mere. and the audience, as ws.las the crowd below.
:.••••t Anti C ilea, were similarly attacked, sad
runic& the swords, Eaves, sad other
. irl:rettes belaying to lit. Lae, the ease were
er .roe Of warfare.
... on the ground fiodiag they were stable to:qoiet
the ni it cry into custody, seat cff to the as-
t... iii, whea Mr. Buperiateadent klallalieu
Graveetock and Marks, with • body of
flared !to the spot. Upon their arrival •
creed, the crowd in the opea apace in order
• ..stier ran in every direction, and many were
r Imo otter, sad Dose were fearfully injured.
...ted min. es well es thou on foot, used the
r orates ; bat, upon their reaching the military,
• ;lend every resistance, sod it was only owing to
• -• gives to Use police by the esiperin-
.t4eetor., that Selene were not overpowered:
ass soda another fearful onslaught, and
lever': of the °Seen and civilians. The
....r :arr. fuzee desperately with the Artillery and
: a zre•a• number were seriously wessaded. some
td eith their heads cut tapes. Mr. Melialieu
io at • seasons to Woolwich to proton Se
.: a plait to aid the civil twee, wtlWt his own
auessioutly to apprehend the lenders of the
.1 some resistance the police succeeded I. &ppm
te tt the mon desperate soldiers. These were
: .6 to the Rest Greenwich elation, and
• .0. laity seta attar uptared 16 snore of the
:• . elute they easeyed to the Gruawich lock-up.
t- .reut.:4 wounded, their heads bring laid bozo,
't•-• time ttty reached the police statics they were
• Slott
21 l• the mature of the wounds iellicted, that Mr.
:.f •tl surgeon of polite, and several others,
•••-.4 is. and at hart past 10 o'clock they were
tr./4rd la &seeing the tunnies of the injured par-
!. -••• hoar the poles Lad succeeded in entirely
I “..2 nit, but the fair wan utterly district
.tcrtuteadest Nandi's, the inspectors, and oMeers,
ttr.suri the lowa as loon ea perfect order had boss
••azo wars followed by a large number of the lobe-
-4'4i end Tinton, and cheered as far as the police station.

!.

KRIGIOIOIII.-41 108011 d detachment of
milated by lb. Sidney Herbert's committee
• P'eterans by the snip Tory, bound to Port Adelaide
The party consisted of about thirty young
all of the claw. of sesdlLworkers and
' Ice' were assembled at the Yenchnrchuirest
la' 12 Welsch, ander the glair of a matron, and
'.-.2Palated to Blackwell by their relatives and friends
' re. ambers of the committee. The Hon. A. Kin-
• • ; Coast de Eftraeleckl, Rev. ins. Brown, Rey.
—"att, lad the Rev. B. C. flinger were amongst
• ;a'• and several ladies who took an interest
tof the emigrants also accompaaled them
• rivet. At Blackedl a steamer was in walling
; them on bead the usual, in which very satiates-
-.7-"rtsiesta apd to have been made for their an.
n. Hr. 814.iy Herbert did not accompany this
• r absent, as was understood, on important busi.
• • l•••aid. A third detachment of female emigrants
•'• eirly is the ensuing weak. Upwards of 200 young
•I • Leen already selected by the committee, and 7- ,f ualgratioe fer.puted to be making ma rapid and
progress es its beet friends could possibly desire.
tHANCEIIT.—A parliamentary paper,
Words the following particular:—Total sum
• for IlleltiOS and office et:posses ander the 6 ec 6
; • • xa the Court of Chesser', slam the passing of
v t'e the 26th day of November, 1849, 230,6671.
• 'This lam includes 48,1541. 17.. GU. pea to
4 cop) iag, sic.) Total sum paid for composes-
of offiess and proßts to officers under the same
%A Peeing thereof up to the 251 k day of
•",1,13, 017,1761. Os. 10d. Total, 617,8331. 17e. Id.
• 4' a taw other expatiate incurred between Christmas,
;hs kith of November, 1819, for which the account
'am brought Into the Nesters' offices.—The A to each of the late sworn clerks appointed
• ' vs, for salary and compensation, under the same
• '''••• the Seeing thereof up to the 241 day of
143, wen as follows : Ti George (arty—
al 3e. ; campensaUcm, 37,086 L 6s. 1141-
, ..• •• . trs. 3d. To Hoary Ramsey Baines—salary,
; conspeasation, 36,4991. 19e. 10d. ; total,
' ••• oh To Joan woiswrignt-sal•ry, 14,0271.
•.• 211,060/. 34. 10d. • total, 42,0671.
.ihehisd Hills --Islay, 14,0271. 3e. 6d. °ow
;1 LW. 13s. 13d. ; total, 46,1631. 16s. 111. Total
13s. Bd, ; total comeensattens, 133,7681.
• '''•• d total, 166,8781. 16e. 74.—Thn annual
~ • espeßasatios awarded to each of the taxing
sinse, Gatty, Mills, and Woulawright,
u•"&': Vie.,e. 103, in the mat of their ceasing
: !••• ones, varies from 4,6001. to 6,4241, in
it.doesch of them free hen awarded an annual
fi,l be 7 years after their death to the personal
' / of emit ; these earns, so tab* paid, varying
to 2,7121. These sera are made, and are to be
.•• se 'haters' Fee Furl, and by the Governor
!lank of Ragland.
11.018 ur ENGIAND.—The Master in
be appointed Mr. lionlaby, accountant,
4:ti to investigate and wind up this company's
std" • Poe
their dtise credebtsitors have bees sailed on to
- Peeve