The Express.
London, England, 1861-04-20 00:00:00

DR LIAM ON muivon. ONNERAL DIOSILITT, *e.
Jot P•Mkballi peke pea tree the Author for 12 stoma,
AICED CAL ESSAY on the CAUSE mini
ClitE .1 PREMATURE DECLINE in MAN, with plain
directions' for perfect reetoration to health aid vigour. the result
of twenty fire peen successful practice in the treatment of these
prruilar oervoiu sad &coned Waimea, which teal to einhitter
sad shorten Ida Lty 1n•. J. L CVRTT!. 11, Allieuarleutrest.
Hrcrl lUD, loud's. Consultations, 1011113. and eto S.
min ts the hest hook on lierrousnees." —Method Lead.
London : Mena. 311, Cornhill . sod J. Aliso, 20. Warinals-balL

' IMPERIAL PARLIAMENT.
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HOUSE OF LORD& ••-/RIDAY, APRIL 19.

•
The LOW C9AACILLOII took Ws mat osi the woolsack at
five o'clock.

The Earl of HARDWICKE presented a petition cool-
plaiping of distress and pauperism, io consequence of recent
commercial legislation, and praying for inquiry and redress.
' The Bristol and South *Klee Union Railway Rill, and
the Dublin (City) Steam Packet Company Bill, were read a
third time and paned.
ITALY AND THE POPE.
Lend ELLENHORPUGH inquired whether her Majesty's
government were engaged in any correspondence with the
object of reconciling the spiritual independence of the See
of Rome with the exerties of temporal euvoreigoty within
the Roman territory by the King of Italy. Ile prefaced
this question by observing that the subject for the con-
sideration of the house wee not the past misgovern-
ment of the Italian peninsula, but how the work
so auspiciously begun could be best completed for
the happiness of the Italians and the benefit of
Europe. The means by which the unity of Italy had
been brought about plainly showed the hand of Providence,
but the keystone of the arch was wanting until Rome
should become the capital of the new state. The sopa.
sition of Rome, on account of its central position and
ancient renown, would suppress local jealousies, and unite
in one general ading the whole of Italy. which would then
constitute a nation. The occupation of Rome, however,
by French troops precluded that unity, placed France
in a false position, and did not even conciliate
the feelings of the French clergy. It would be
more advantageous both for France and the Pope
that the present state of things should cease. The dignity
of the Pope would be better consulted by the separatieu
of his spiritual from his temporal authority, and by amigo-
ing him a liberal revenue, than by leaving him in possession
of a nominal power and dependent on precarious offerings.
If such alterations ware to be made in a liberal spirit, the
French clergy would probably be satisfied, and Rome
might at oboe assume her proper positiva so capital of Italy.
Lord Ellenborough then proceeded to examine the ride-
Coes of Austria and Venetia, and, while acknowledging
that Europe owed much to that power for the gallant
stand she made against the first Napoleon, and admitting that
she had only carried out the intentions of the Congress of
Vienna in maintaasing herself in Italy, he considered that
the time bad at length arrived for Austria to reconcile
herself with the Italian people. Not only was Venetia a
cause of endless exposes to Austria, and, mace the improve.
meats in artillery, of comparatively small value as a
strategical position, but the retention of Venetia by Austria
threw Italy into the arms of France, whereas it ought to
be the policy of Austria to make common cause with the
liaises, and to look on Italy as her vanguard against
French aggression. Holding these views with regard to
Venetia, he deprecated, however, any interference of the
Italians in Hungary, and said that he should ounsider any
one desirous of raising a war in Hungary against Austria
as criminal in the presence of Europe The noble earl
continued : I certainly do feel very deeply on this sub-
ject. I am not an Italian of yesterday. It eo happrued
that 45 yews ago, in the House of Commena, in a discus-
sion with respect to the treaty of Paris, I expressed my
deep Mint that the allies at the congress had not availed
themaelves of what the French had done in North and
Central Italy, in the destruction to a great extent of the
jealousies which formerly existed, and in the creation of
an army with the improvement of the people ; that they
had not availed themselves of all those circumstances for the
purpose of founding a great state in North Wily.
I ventured then to express an opinion to which I have ever
since adhered, in favour of the nationality of Italy as the
best and most pure lanais for the independence of the States.
That is 45 years ago, and I have never veiled that view.
There have been occasions, uodoubteilly, when I have had
a hope of seeing realised the various improvements in the
condition of Italy which I have De keg desired, but 1
muter that I do feel deeply grateful that I have been per-
mitted to make these observatioas to your lordships at a
time when towards the close of a long and critical life I
have almost within my grasp. the earliest, the most endur-
ing, and the most cherished visions of my youth. (Cheers.)
Lord WODEHOUSE said they were mimed in no
such corresproleoce, and the reason must be obvious. It
was true that we must take the greatest interest is the wel-
fare of the Italian people, but then England was the chief
protestant country in Europe ; and it must be deer that in
dealing with matter. involving not merely the independence
of sae of the states of Europe, but else questions involving
the position of the spiritual head of Roman catholic
throughout the world, it could not be desirable that her
Majesty's government should take the initiative. (Hear.)
But be must observe that, in point of fact, the temporal
authority of the Pope had altogether ceased to east. 11
was notorious that since the year 1849 the independence of
the Pope as a sovereign had not existed for single boar.
The authority of the Pope, which had been destroyed by the
revolution of 1848, was only restored by the troops of France
and Austria. So long as they remained in that territory
the sovereignty of the Pope was Domically maintained, but
on the day the Austrian troops left the territory they occu-
pied, that territory ceased to be under the nionival authority
of the Pope ; sad it was notorious that the day the French
troops were withdrawn, the authority of the Pops would
cruse altogether. Therefore the solution of the question de-
plaided on whether the French governmest would or
would not withdraw their troops from Rome. It was
clear that while the Emperor of the French saw reasons to
induce him to continue that occupation it was not desirable
we should discuss those reasons at present in that house.
There might be many arguments used to prove that it would
be far better policy for the Emperor to withdraw those
troupe, and her Majesty's government had not desired to
conceal that such was their wish • but it was clear there
were other considerations for the catholic power., as to bow
the spiritual power of the Pope was to he finally established
after the withdrawal of those troops. As rrganled the other
portion of the noble earl's speech, be might be excused from
entering at all into the very important and delicate topics
which he bad touched upon, especially uimn that meat im-
portant matter the cession of Venetia by the Emperor of
Austria. All he could say on that matter was that her
Majesty's government were most anxious that peace should
be maintained. The advice given to both parties was not to be
the assailants. lie was confident that whoever was the
assailant would not only incur a grave responsibility, but
would not meet with the sympathy which would be exhi-
bited for the attacked. (Hear, bear.)
The Earl of CLARENDON said that although he was
merely going to say that he was fully ',related for the
answer given by his noble friend the Under Secretary for
Foreign Affairs to the noble earl opposite, ho could not
help expressing his satisfaction at limning that her
I Majesty s governesses hail riot been interfering in matters
where he thought their into:femme would be prejudicial,