The Express.
London, England, 1861-11-14 00:00:00

LATEST INTELLIGENCE.

INDIA.

Calcutta journals of October 8 have come to hand
this morning.
All the offices in Calcutta, both public and pri-
vate, were to close for • holiday of fourteen days
on the 10th, the first day of the Doorga Poojah,
the great idolatrous festival of Bengal. The Go-1
vernor-General was to depart (says the Efurkaru)
for the trip to the North-West, and the investiture
of the chiefs with the order of the Star on the 25th;
the Commander-in-Chief will also be off on his tour
of inspection ; the Lieutenant-Governor had already
gone to Darjeeling. " All Calcutta (says the
Hurkart4) is winding up its business and pre-
paring to disperse in search of pleasure, though
it is doubtful where they will obtain a
resting place for the soles of their feet
within holiday distance of Calcutta, for the waters
lave not as yet at all abated. In KishattgLur they
are six inches higher than they were iu 1856, in
which year the di‘tresa among the peasantry was
so great that government had to undertake public
works to some extent iu order to alleviate it, even
though the numerous planters scattered through
the district did their utmost to afford to the people
assistance and support." A year of severe trial for
the labouring population is imminent in many dis- '
triets, where the continuance of the floods have
washed out or drowned early crops and prevented
the sowing of the later ones. All India is, how-
ever, on the alert to make the most of the cotton
opportunity. On this head the Englishman severely
censures the Manchester manufacturers for doing
nothing either to further the extended growth of
cotton in India, or towards taking off the stocks
now on hand in the up-country depots :
The following shows the expense of cultivating an acre of
land with cotton in the Raichore Deal), the yield of which
will be 2601b5., or when cleaned 70Iba :

Government land4az
Cost of preparing Lad 0 3 0
Weeding
Cast of 201 be. of wad
Sowing with drill
Pieiciog the cotton 0 1 0
Cleaning ditto ............. 0 1 3
Carriage to sea-port
Freight of 31. 10s. per ins
Bornriog, baling, to. 0 0 11

£1 4 10
Commission at 2i per cent., Tid. 0 0 0
Brokerage at i per cent., lid. 0 0 9
Total EI 5 7
or nearly qt. per lb., exclusive of any profit whatever,
either to the cultivator or shipper. It is thus clearly percep-
tible that the present priceof Indian cotton in the Liverpool
market is not sufficient to induce any increase in the cold-
vation ; the more so as the charges here given arc irre-
spective of the thousand and one demands made on the
trader by every native agent through whom, hands it
pilaw It must be, moreover, borne in mind that
any new lands taken under cultivation would entail
great expense on tho ryot. The clewing, levelling
and preparing the land would scarcely be done under
11. 10s. an acre, and the subsequent weeding@ and hooiegs,
without which the plants would not thrive in a newly
turned soil, would further increase the cultivator's outlay
by at least another pound 'telling. It is, therefore,
evident that without some more sure and substantial
prospect of remuneration there min be little prospect
of the ryota being induced toenterlargely into the cultivation
of new lands ; though they may cultivate more of their old
lands with cotton. But this canuot mod will nut be sufficient,
and unless Manchester is prepared to raise the price of Indian.
grown cotton neater to that now being paid for the produce
of American slams labour, there is, we fear, hut a poor
prospect of any very great increase to the cotton lands
now existing. There is no doubt that cotton is being very
much more generally grown this year than last ; but it
is not oo new lauds, and is at the sacrifice of other crops.
This is nut what is required, for it will never answer to grow
cotton to the exclusioo of other crops ; the aim must
be to induce an increase of cotton cultivation in addition to
the crops now ustmlly raised ; and to effect this the induce-
ment to clear jungle lands must be far greater than at pre-
sent. We have endeavoured to place this subject clearly
before our readers and the Manchester Cotton Supply As-
sociation. The matter rests entirely with them ; they must
raise the price of the Indian staple, or they will hardly
induce say very great increase in Be production.
COMMERCIAL INTELLIGENCE.
CALCUTTA, OCT. 8.

-- - -
Elena/Gr.—There has hoes very little nativity in the
market for bills on London, and tie rates have ruled at
from 9t. O'd. to 2.. 5.161. for bank bills, 2s. 5-16 d. to
2a. 014. for credits, and 2a. 00. for documentary. On
France sales bays been made at 2s. Oid. for three months•
sight, payable in Loadoo, and 2.55 to 2.60 payable
in Emma. &les have been made on Chins at 2.15 per 100
dole., and on Mauritius ►t 52 for thirty days sight, and 52;
for sixty &ye sight.
Ocivgnownwr Stcuarrits.—The speculative operations in
goverment paper noticed in our last report, have not since
bun so active, and rates as quoted are barely maintained.
4 per ast., dia., 16 to 16 12 ; 5 per cent., dia., 3to 3 4 ;
5 per cost, prem., 4to 4 4.
MOSSY Xnagrr.—Money continues in full ripply and
'moot &already investment at even below bank rates. The
speculsties in government securities has been maintained
by the ease with which leans can be maintained at four
percent and even under that rate.