The Express.
London, England, 1859-07-07 00:00:00

that the Piedwontese should advance; but it wu

nullified by that of the Anstzians in far greater
force. The other order was given to Baraguay
d'Hilliers to carry &Benno ; and that general, in
executing his orders, came upon the flank of the
Austrian masses, se they marched against the Pied-
monteee. Had the order been given with the fall
knowledge of what the Austrians were about it could
not have been more opportune, nor, as it turned out,
more snccessful. The Austrian generals did all that
courage and obstinacy could do to carry the point,
but it was impossible. The guns and regiments
sent forward in pursuit of the Piedniontese were
lost, and the rest retired behind the Mincio.

Had Austria a compact and faithful army, it might
do a great deal, even in losing such battles as these.
Bat the system of centralisation introduced into its
army, which hu placed the German, the Croat, the
Hungarian, and the Italian in the same regiment, and
even in the same company, has totally destroyed the
morale and mutual confidence of the army. The
amalgamation which the French effected after the
great revolution, succeeded admirably, the French
being ripe for it. But Austria, in the first place, is
not ripe, and secondly, has not accomplished that
social revolution which enabled the French civil
and military centralisation to succeed.
. .

I saw Garibaldi and his division return to Como
from the expedition to the Valtellina, from whence
they brought some Austrian prisoners and some
baggage, chiefly Austrian stores. The General pro-
posed to operate north of Brescia, and round the
Lake of Garda. But the Emperor Napoleon did not
approve of his plan, which would have amounted to
an invasion of the Tyrol. It is understood, however,
that as soon as Pescbiera is taken, Garibaldi will be
allowed to penetrate between Verona and the Lake
of Garda, so as to carry on the war in the rear of
the Austrians towards the Friel. The regiment@
of Garibaldi consist of active young men, but not of
peasantry, whether of mountain or of plain.
The governor here is most active in raising •
Lombard army. The Italian prisoners of the broken
Austrian regiments will no doubt afford the nucleus
of the force. The Hungarian prisoners, anxious to take
service against Austria, are mustered at Genoa. There
has been equal activity in Tuscany. But what is to
be done with the Roman States ? At the very time
that the French Emperor was exerting himself to
check the Bolognese revolt, its Cardinal-Legate took
flight with the Austrians ; and the Pope seizes the
moment to nominate an Archbishop of Milan, noto-
riouely of Austrian choice. Bat the anti-Gallicans
at Rome are not without facts and arguments to in-
fluence the mind of his Holiness, and fill it with
suspicions of France. The chief of the Junta at Bo-
logna was a son of Princess Murat ; at Rimini it
was the same. And although the Emperor Napoleon
is not answerable for the imprudence of the nume-
rous members of a hot-headed family, still the
ultra-church party in Rome is full of suspicion
and fear.
The difficulties of the French Emperor are cer-
tainly not a few, inasmuch as he has to calm the
fears of Roman cardinals, and at the same time
encourage the zeal of such officers as Garibaldi, whom
he has lately seen. Indeed the Emperor, when at
Alessandria, freely admitted to his presence several
of the known chiefs of the Italian republican party.
He gave no encouragement to their peculiar views
of government, but said that Italy bad need of the

efforts of all her sons. Victor Emmanuel, he said,
could better undertake and succeed in the task of
forming an Italian army than any form or number
of consuls or dictators. Mszzini'a party iv, however,
defunct for the present, and if temporal government
be withdrawn from the Pope, all south countries
will be satisfied.

I, of course, took a ran to the field of Magenta.
Two spots are particularly marked as those of
slaughter. Oae a past of the town, and an angle
where two roads meet ; the other opposite the rail-
way station. 'fhe train was crowded, and I could
find no place, save in a second class carriage devoted
to Austrian prisoners. They were all officers or
volunteer-cadets taken at Solferino. The officers
were fine men, two of them as splendid specimens of
physical humanity u could be seen. But
the volunteers were voting gentlemen, evi-
dently from the " West-end" of Vienna—
two or three of them wounded and all
breathing impatience and indignation very
much the contrary of the Austrian common soldier,
who, as a prisoner, is resigned. The Austrian
officers had all been at Magenta, and pointed out
where MieMabon had advanced, and exult-
ingly recounted how warmly he had been
received. A French officer accompanied these
prisoners, and had charge of them. Nothing
could be more polite, considerate, and tempe-
rate than his demeanour although his patience
might have been tried by certain outbursts of tem-
per, and even by the bragging anecdotes of Ma-
genta. The Austrians said nothing severe of the
French, but are bitterly contemptuous of the
Italians, and exclaim against the sacrifice of
200,000 men to give liberty and independence to
" those who can keep neither." I quote the words,
though Ido not agree with the assertion. The
Italians certainly prise freedom, and independence,
and please God will live to keep and to defend
them.

SUPPLEMENTARY ARMY ESTIMATES.
(THIS DAY.)

This morning the statement of a further supple-
mentary army estimate amounting to 1,261,237!.
was issued. The further SUMS uked for are—
Embodied militia, 410,000/. ; wages of artificers,
labourers, &c., 108,375/. ; clothing and necessaries,
60,0001.; provisions, forage, &c., 93,1601.; warlike
stores for land and sea service, 414437/ ; fortifica-
tions, 123,5001. ; civil buildings 23,450/. ; barracks,
36,370/ ; educational and scientific branches, 1,825!.;
total 1,261,237/. This supplementary charge raises
the total estimate for 1839-60 to 12,839,2971., of
which SUM 2,638,7424 remains to be voted.