The Express.
London, England, 1857-03-02 00:00:00

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LONDON, MONDAY, MARCH 2.

TO OUR

eonegacaa of the abeaeptica of space by the
reports of prooeedinp in Parliament, the Proprietor;
hove dotorstold to twos a DOUBLE NUMBER

• • SATURDAYS, so as to prevent the postpcse-
amok of interesting matter. No change will take
place in the pie.. The FOURTH DOUBLE
NUMBER of the EXPRESS will appear on
SATURDAY NEXT, Meath 7.

IT is clear, • not only that there ham been
an unwarrantably rash and cruel resort to arms
on the part of the British authentic. at Can-
tos ; but also that arms have been resorted to in
eider to compel the Chinese Government to submit
to Injustice. The English began with granting to
Chinese 'objects papersourder the covered which their
bearers defrauded the Chinese revenue, by paying
lower rates than were due, and by smuggling. The
English took upon them to grant thew papers in
virtue of a fraudulent misinterpretation of the terms
of the Sapplasentas7 Treaty. And because the
Chinese refired to acquiesce in their fraudulent
usamstien, the English authorities in the Chinese
votes have bombarded Clinton.
We an told by some of the advocates of these out-
rageous proceedings that they regret what has w-
eaned, bat that, having begun, we nod go on.
This 'masking apology is infinitely worse than the
barefaced violence of those who justify the bom-
bardment It is the plea of Macbeth, when he nye
that since he has waded so fir in blood, return
would be as tedious as go on." It is the plea of the
Dame PAULO and REDPASHa,who, having committed
ow fraud, persuade themselves they must commit a
down mere to conceal it

Again, we are told that the only way to deal
with the Chinese is to carry matters with a high
hand. The whole history of our intercourse with
that strange people proves this to be a fallacy.
Strangely averse they undoubtedly are to intimate
intercourse with us. The shifts and subterfuges to
which they have recourse to keep us at arm's
length are undoubtedly trying to the temper ; but
everything shows that their reluctance to admit us
to a more free and unrestrained intercourse has its
origin in fear. Before the war of 1841 they were ter-
rilledby the reckless and wayward riots of our seamen.
Since that event they are terriAed at our superiority
in arms. There is only one way to counteract this
feeling on their part, and that is to convince
them that oar superior strength is tempered by
superior conscientiousness. In other words,if ever we
hope to place our intercourse with the Chinese on a
more satisfactory footing, we must be especially
careful that in all our quarrels with them we are In
the right. Ws-Unice obtained over them in a bad
cause will be mire to perpetuate their alienation and
distrust.

There has beea aa imams deal of maggeratios
ia what bee bees said abort the AMAIN we ham
to ceatead with be Clam. It ars* be denied that
our trade with that esuatry hoe issareaely
sod that the rapidity of this Lamm her bra
greatest of late years. Aid many msdasidie is It
that the effect of every nowt he visions SI oar poet
with a view to mend me balky has lass two-
penal.. The Mimeo may be awed Me solmaska
for a time t lot thin naval of overstates& Civility
is ever Allowed by dleastrem readies.
Thaveihsat this motrommy we have takes ow
resod arm the moral view of the maatica. Then
ore priadpie of morality white I= sever be past.
rood to *ay politic eemlimatime. And these

jelnlianirive his greenly swingedb7 the Wended
bend oil visions' whisk Iwo oirrneterissil
pennonlinen et ear sograndstiws in Qum Tbis
is die lie Meg Is bo kept in view; bat it obvious

that de Omit; outrage:.. es Palpebly WON@
as they me dergemingly immeaL And we may Mg
marred thrt me MINIM ever commas s deem*
est efimmeedity or etisimlise with impunity.
The Wei whit& is now adopted by the advocates
of the lbsederisett of Canton, with Idaresee to the
issywilisididdiaia the Commas, betraystheirees.
sebum= that they are beaten in argument. They
mow wlidmg to es with entreaties not to break .p
Melange' party. If the Laurel party is to be broken
np by the molt of the ChM= debate in the Hoses
of Grew, that will be the doing of them who bliv•
defended amines so utterly inmost:dyable with
every principle ef the Liberal party es the outrages at
Cantata. A party is net a mere anociatiat of isiivi;

duals, but of individuals professing mei ahning at
thenaliaation of certain principles. & combination
of men, uncemented by principle, may be a clique,
or a coterie, or a faction, but a party it is not. In
asserting the principles of the Liberal party with
reference to China, and in endeavouring to persuade
as many of its members as possible to adhere
to these principles in the coming division, we
have, in fact, been labouring to preserve the
Liberal party—to save as many of its members
as possible from political shipwreck.

Tess Army Estimates now before the House
of Commons in ample detail disclose the opinion of
Lord PANMUIIE and his colleagues that an army of
138,993 is the total form necessary for the year 1857-8.
Of that army however 3,161 cavalry and 27,036
infantry, in all 30,197, are allotted to India, where
they form the enite of the military defences of that
empire, and are a charge on its (not on our) finances
to the extent of about one million sterling. De-
ducting the Guzzles troops in India from the
fall strength of the British army, the number of
men of all ranks which Lord PAM/IRE recom-
mends Parliament to vote and provide for in the
year 1837-8 is 126,798, being a decrease on the rc-
vieed number of 1868-7 of 119,920 men. The real
wad= * the* will that number be excessive for
lamb sink% mad garrison service in the forth-
mill yam! Now, in the first place, nearly 9,000
frit su .r the three West India Regiments, and
dee Ovilsa mod Gape of Good Hope Rifles, and
Mbar mans, saihnial corps. Thus we redoes the
Imo* !spotlit sad exclusively British portion of the
Amoy gowned for next year to about 118,000 men
et all rusks. Let us see bow the force is distri-
buted. As far as we can make the figures oat, the
division is as follows :-1. Cavalry, 8,011; 2. Horse
Guards, 1,314 ; 3. Foot Guards, 5,610; 4. Infantry,
78,333 ; 3. Artillery, 18,201 ; 6. Engineers, 3,367 ;
7. Military Train,l,4B9—cost, 60,6441. ; 8. Medical
'•off Corps, 542—cest, 18,7321.

In this enumeration, Nos. 7 and 8 appear in the
Estimates for the first time, the establishment of a
Military Train and a Medical Staff Corps being
part of the experience taught us by the late war.
When thus analysed, the peace establishment of the
British Army loses, it most be confessed, a good deal
of that imposing appearance which it has when
presented in the aggregate. Looked at as a whole,
it is, no doubt, larger than oar average force in time
of peace. But to judge fairly of the increase, we
. . .

invt ascertain where it lies: The angmentati

consist, first, in the two new corps, end secondly,
in the Artillery end Engineers. Canpared with the
Estimates of 1848-9, which have been specially
referred to, we have an addition ander these four
heads of about 7,500 men. If these augmentations

be justifiable—and as to them we fancy there
can be little doubt or difficulty—the question
as to the rest of the force proposed for 1857-8
is vastly simplified. 8,011 Cavalry, to commence
with, looks a small and not a large force for a first-
rate European power to pesink wpssially when it is
Imealketed that nearly en et k «Nithe. of purely
Oast temps. Next some 1„410 Fest Guards. In
Sam gad there have lam peeked's,' against the
usithosess at a split line ot this sort ; but
lib, equilms las althildied Ns utility. On
theist beaks sat el we the Foot Overdo are
the meet Smith it we troops. Thor an be
mond sad wet alma ea the the wales I they
are always essesalk awl sleeps war the active
service ; =l.k the hit war they supported
the said IPINSUR 4C the Bride /say. Their
greater east per mas is thseellsee=ted by
their greater woulkhility. Thwe then the
Infantry, TSAI oboe. New this knob nattered
over the Wean Ourt of Mite, the Australian
Colonies, Beniffek. Gonads, the Channel Islands,
the Cape al And Rope, Ceylon, Gibraltar, Hong
Kong, the India Islands, Jamaica, Bahamas,
Honduras, Malta, Mauritius, Newfoundland,
Nova Scotia, St. Helena, and the Windward
and Leeward Islands. It is, besides, mused
in camps at Aldesahott, Shomeliffe, the Curragh of
Kildare, and distributed in local depots at home.
Estimated, then, by the varied severe and dis-
tant duties it is called on to perform, we are free to
confess that an Infantry of 78,530 men of all ranks
does not appear to be too great. Whether those
duties an be ultimately diminished is another ques-
tion; but any practical diminution in them can, it I.
obvious, only be a work of time, which, though it
may affect subsequent, can scarcely have any legiti-
mate influence en the present, Estimates.
Although these Estimates are higher as to num-
bers than the average Estimates of the Army in time
of peace, there is more than one year of peace in
which the Estimates presented to the House of Com-
mons have been on a still larger scale. Take, for
example, the year 1848-9. The number of men of
all ranks then asked for was, for thcArmy, 113,847 ;
for the Ordnance Corps, 14,294; in all,
128,141, without any Military Train or Medical
Staff Corps, and with Ordnance Corps nearly 6,000
less in strength than those now proposed. Or, if
Mr. GLADSTONE prefer to make the comparison with
1833, he will find that in Lord PANNUE.E'S Esti-
mates the increase in the Cavalry of the line is only
428 men, while there is a decrease in horses of 195;
that the augmentation of the Foot Guards is bat
350 ; that in the Infantry of the line there is a de-
crease of 128 men, and that in the Artillery and En-
gineers the augmentation is 4,386 men and 2,341
hones. In short, the difference of pay between the
two years shows only an excess of half a million
against the year 1857-8.
As to number, then, it is not easy to see how we
an refuse our orient to the force asked for in 1857-8.

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