The Express.
London, England, 1868-02-21 00:00:00

BIRTHS AND DEATHS IN LOMAT.

The annual summary published by the Begietrar-
General contains the births, death, and causes of death is
a population •hich is intimated to have been at the middle
of 1867 3,082,372. This great and unrivalled aggrega-
tion of human beings, living in high and low degrees of
density, covered a surface of 122 square miles, Intersected
by the river, which 'operates 51 square miles, with about
three.fourths of the whole population on its northern
bank, from 71 square miles, with the remaining fourth of
the iuhsbitanta on its southern side. Over this area were
.uttered 46 workhouses, 12 prisons, 4 military and naval
.isylunis, 31 civil hospitals, 8 military soil naval hospitals,
.ind 19 lunatic asylums. The facts were collected sod re-
corded by 133 registrars. The period to which the 52
weekly returns relate extended over :3'.1 days, from the
30th December, 1866, to 28th December, 1867. Within
these limits 112,264 births and 70,288 deaths were re-
gistered. The male births and the male deaths were is
excess of the female births and deaths respectively, not-
withstanding the prepondenuice c ( the female element is
the population of the metropolis, which is as 114 to 100.
The year 1866 was fatal to nearl 19,001.1 persons above the
number who died in 1867. The rate of mortality was
2298 per endow of persons living (in males 2'532, in
females 2•(t3). This rate can be adiantagernaly come
pared with those of the previous five years,
which were successively 2355, 2'447, 2'653, 2'456,
and 24;18 per cent. If the thing and falling rate of
modality be taken as the criterion of health, the year
I 567 was the healthiest that London has enjoyed suite
1860. Through the four years thee followed 1860 the
mann al mortality uninterruptedly rose, sad treriebed 2•653
per cont. in 186 t It then begun to decline, and probsa
the decrease would bare riontemed in 1866 if chdkra
not attacked Leaden in that year. In 1867 it was, as has
been stated, 2298 aphid an average of 2436. When the
metropolis as a whole is compared with the principal
northern towns, its three millions have ream to be
satisfied with the position it bolds in the mortality tables.
It its worst districts, such as St. Giles St. Lnke, East London, Whitech.ipel, St. Gleorge-in-thirliast, Southwark,
are compared with the worst of the English provincial
towns, the comparison is not unfavourable, though it is is
a much less degree advantageous to the sanitary reputatioa
of 'sondem. The highest weekly number et births
registered in Loudon in i 8667 was 2,4e9 in the last week of
March ; the lowest numbers of births were 1,910 in the
third week of July, sod 1,701 in the fifty-second week et
the year, when Christmas shorteeed the period ineffable
for registration. The highest weekly number of deaths
registered was 1,591, and occurred in the second week of
the year ; the return ruse again nearly as high (1,880) is
the fourth week, but it exceeded 1,76 J in only two other
ostances. The lowest number of deaths was 1,052, near
the noddle of June. In the Ent week of January the
mean temperature of the air was 23.2 degrees, sad the
mean of the lowest thertuometricel readiep was
17.2 degrees. The mean temperature of the second week
of June was 59.9 degrees, and the mean of the lowest
readings 51 degrees. The difference between winter's cold
sad summer's beat caused a loop or saving of 800 lives in a
week. But it does not follow that the prolonga-
tion of shoes temperatures through many successive
weeks would produce effects of proportional magnitude.
The third quarter of the year is the warmest, but in it the
modality is higher than in the second. The great changes
that have taken place within the metropolitan area in re-
cent years in the demolition of old structures, the exten-
sion of thoroughfares, and migration of families into the
euburbe, may be very legibly traced is the table of deaths
in the thirty.seven districts of London in each of the last
ten years. In the three City districts the decrease in ab.
solute numbers of deaths is very oceedcuotis. St. Mar-
tin-in-the•ftelde and others are nearly stationary; St.
Saviour, Southwark, and St. Olen show a great decrease.
The mortality of Kensington ha. increased hem 3,500
deaths in a year to 5,000. There is an increase in llaryle-
bone, but It is less remarkable. Hampstead, which
eesis-
tered WU deaths ten year. ago, now registers 400 annually.
NOMA has suffered an addition of at least 500. la Isling-
ton the annual average was nearly 3,000 in the years
1836-60 ; it now approximates to 5,000; and Hackney ex-
hibits an increase which is propeetiosably as greet. The
deaths in Lewisham, which were about • thousand, are
new 1,400. The total deaths in the year were 70,588, and
of 69,757 of these deaths the exams weee more or less fully
and accurately described and recorded. Zymotio diseases,
in which class the chief heads are typhus, small.pox,
manses, seariatina, [whooping-Gough, and diarrhea were
fatal in 15,027 eases, which is mere thee a fifth part of the
whole. This aggregate result wee, however, considerably has
than it had been is any previous year rind 1860 ; and the
only disease in this class which displayed increased
acfivity was smallpox, the deaths from which were 1,332.
This nom faint was prevalent chiefly in the March quarter,
and in the remaining nine mouths declined. Part of
Lambeth suffered from it ; but its chief points of steak
were aciparently Limehouss, Bow, Poplar, Bermondsey,
Dept( and Greenwich. Wheopin=uortszAelreied elf
manychildren all over London ; and which was
the meat fatal of the zymotic alma, caused 2, dse the.
Cholera, chiefly darn iefantele, woe fatal in 241 mess
typhus, typhoid fever, ke., is 2.174 aphid 3,232a5512,1211
in the two previous years. There we 7,561 dribs troutbreeebitis,
bresoditia, 3,627 from pneumonia, 8,817 from phidels,
3,006 from heart disease, 30 hem primitioa, 100 has per.
pow and scurvy, 156 train delirium tremens and hien-
plumes, 2.148 from accident or negligence 104 frendhomi.
clam 260 from wioidse 3 public executions, 34 'shoe vio-
lins, not dseariti ed. thorough rystiematie shearing;
tithe streets and the reguletion of the traffic on them are
subjects which urgently claim cultic attention. 164 deaths.
hem Injuries ceased by banes or vedettes in the streets
. mare reseeded is 1887. 16 permas wen killed by hones.
3by carriages, arts, la by eabs, 32
sby drays. 43 by and 4T by vehicles noillee=6

BeeT-Reamiecs AID Bert-Yoram—Ta awa7-
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fish Medical Journal boa besemepsesemsdia=
which it has followed up, which lead bold asirimbilshig
the prods that is many parts of the mslameM Own is
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trade squally dmaresess la lir
tbs health of the sommunity, sal eesodkatiej steleakse
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yeas istireemettlir sad Wl-
or "leaste haw," are empadi la lids trans ; sad
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in whisk them psalm lade their bedews
end staled tom. 411 el seelety arehovelved
is JO thee WINO; the stabarsents treesoribed
in the Medial Jeornai one mesh as Lei to the
cooebudoe Vat this Wads in life to extensive ; that it is
esmed fik wok t, and withoutlatemmealment ;
thee the pass anti teak groat wor
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taloa for the peeped.
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Ism lees an IteL of plead doom. Mir la as pins
et no Umiak sus 011111•1114 residss ben al MAN
inNnilleo,l4.olA lib le Beale