The Northern Daily Times.
Liverpool, Merseyside, England, 1853-12-24 00:00:00

EXTRAORDINARY YIELD. OF GOLD AT
BALLARAT.

The recent information, which justified us in anticipating
.from Old,Ballarat news of great discoveries, was not unex-
pected. A thorough knowledge of the locality, has led us
:always to point to the Buinyong range -as the place where
gold. would be found in the greatest profusion. From the
commencement of the. Ballarat diggings in September, 1851,
the heaviest gold was found:nearer the diggings appximat-
ed.to Buinyong. .At Poverty Point one piede- ,weighing
13" oz.. was found in clay about four feet deep ; another piece
weighing 8 oz. was found at the same depth, andin the-same
stratum. -Subsequent discoveries at the.: Canadian Gully
developed masses unheard of in. the annals of diggings
masses of the precious metal that were:weighed by the hun-
dred, and whose Value was calculated by' thOusands. The
discoveries of to-day are worthy. of their' predecessors. The
amount. produced is doubled in. one weekr and upWards of
12,000 ounces show as the product of 8,000 diggers' labour!
Ballarat stands out in bold relief from the other. gold fields.
es being pre-eminently the best and most enduring. The
first discovered, it is the most lasting. It has gradually im-
proved during the last seven mouths, and the yield for August
is greater,. than during any month' since December. last..—
Geelong Advertiser, Sept. I.

" Ballarat, August 26.;
• • .
" A hole is stmk not.far frem my tent 90 feet througirthe
slate, and the parties have come upon gold in very great
abundance. They took,out.af the hole last Taesday,lo2.lbs.
weight. They are now paying two men one ounce of. gold
each per night to watch the hole, so that it must, be rich to
p!iable theit to do that. The parties wre three *months in
sinli.ing the hole which has turned, out ,so!_fortunately."
4drkty _Empire, Sept. 9.

" Ballarat, Sept. 5.
Thd quantity of gold found is perfectly incredible. This
week's escort is 15,227 oz. Besides this, there are 9,000 oz.
on deposit,- which will be 'left behind. - I saw eleven men
CFarrett's• party) start for Geelong- on Saturday with two
parts, taking with them 1,0231b5. weight of gold, obtained
iu Seven weeks.

" ONE HUNDREDIVE/GET IN A LIMIP.-4 I, John hong; of
Geelong, gold-digger, working in Prince .Regears'-,Gully,
pallarat, where I have a claim nearly -bottoined, and ,expect
to drop upeu,the.stufr in the Jeweller's Shop, do
.deelare to
my own knowledge, that I saw 1001bs. weight of gold-taken
from a ten-gallon keg, half filled with stuff, taken from one
Claim in.:Prince Regent's, gully. • Esaw the: gold weighed,
and the weight was 100113 s. avoirdupoiso. The diggtr to
whom it belongs I know: also; MS name ii Wilson., and he
was. lately servant to Mr.-Harrison; formerly; landlord of the
Shearer's Arms, New Town. Ido not care who believes it.
I saw it, andihandled it, and Gothbresa the:diggera !'
"A 4 BASIN' OF GOLD.—The ' Jeweller's Shop,'• as the
ewly-cliseovered,strata- of_ gold at Ballaratare.ealle4 are of
I.
urpassing richness:: A-Geelong correspondent "Statess‘that
eople were arriving. after a mouth'S work, with .41.eina '2OO
to-400 ounces of gold. The rich new discovery isdeseribed
as being a' basin' of gold.: , The gold is found in au immense
circular.,patch, or monster packet, and already about:a :dozen
holes have been sunk into -it, every on&of 'which has hit.
§q uniform is this rich stratum, that its value, wherever
tested, has been found to range from 1,200/. to 2;000/. per
superficial foot.. 'From other parts of Ballarat, the accounts
are, little, less successful. It is said that the ,miners earn, on
411... average :from 2/. to 3/. a day. : Grains .of gold were
found in sinking a well at Emerald Hilliteside Melbourne."
--kelbourne: -Wraith , • ',_ . ( , , -

VTR MIST AN•D CHEAPEST 'STOCK OF
WINTER' COATS in LIVERPOOL,- at
Win; EARL' and CO.'S, 59' and, 61, LORD STREET.

How AAR' mAnx IN 'RUSSIA. -Letters front
St: Petersburg state that, on. a recent 'occasion; the Czar,.
haiing remarked that the number-of men raised 'among the
seifit'in the neighbourhood or St: Petersham. was smaller than

iii any "Part of -his 'dominions, asked the reason. ',die' was
~inforMettl"-that,"'ilio laiidOWneri 'round St. Petersburg were
in the habit of permitting their serfs to
.take:service -in the
capital, On 'paying- a PortiOnof.their wages to their Masters ; so
that, in point of fact, the majority of those" registered in' the
n;eighbourlicrod were actually in the "caPital. Two days after,
the- •gateS 'of 'the' citylvere 'closed, and a regular .rizzio, was
made, on all the coachmen, footmen,' 4e., of St.' Petersburg,
• , .
al Nage proportion_ or whom Were'forthwith remavedfroM their
g'oo'd places, .and kiltor to the. army •te fight the Turks. •
• rfulii'As; its/ 'Ait-EiticA.--z-Slexander Dumas has written a
'NPw. York,- which he says :—" Find
t:n 'foreon the- border's of the se.LawiTit,.., -rx,„s;n„, sum,
pr the Ohio, a corner where, surrouptird, .hy my'
ch„ . „.. .
.„ .
osen friends,- I may spend my last days, and die in tran-
,
79jailtistriiinler the sun oeliberty." It is stated that M. Dumas
-hits already confided several manuscript works to the hands
of 'ills agents, wheltAye' established a.pntbl shitig hpuse in New
eicik;?foi- the 'plirPo'se "or bringin them. •outrig.inally and
CitisivelY in this 'city. 'Tit& manuscript of his comedy, the
`t Yotith of Louis XIV.I "-Which.Was prohibited at the Theatre
Ifralieals,--is in the hand's of `his 'agents. SoVeral of our
2man.agers are in negotiation for" its preductien.-7.lVew • rork
idune. . ,

FRACAS ON TIM NEWRY FRTTY SESSION'S BENCH.---7
•
Daring the bearing
of i complaint preferred by the street in-
-sPector..f the Newry. town. commissioners, against Mr, Dennis
•Adar,ren, on-Friday, for having• committed 4.!nnisauec in -Wil-
:',li:am-strect, by conveying manure -along the. footway, a misun-
dprStanding on the bench, which arose in the iollowing manner,took place •
:—Mr. Corry Wa3 conversing, in a very low ,tons,
with Irvine, expressing an .qpinion;that-.),l`Corafaek, the
street inspector, was .ViridictiVe 'in pressing ,tite_ease!so faryiu
cimaevence of n,previous difference Which occurred between
Mdrron.
.131 r Kidd -(conceiving, doubtless., that,
tfte filkes46-'Was.Mt.teridedjer himself )•stated: that Mr. C 01.,.
ry's--dlitot4ation was most uncalled for; and improper as well as
unfounded. Mr. Corry :" I did !not apply it to you. Mr.
kiqd made some observation, which was inaudible to the to
porter, but:Wllich apPeared to, betoken a doubt as to-the assu...,'
rance conveyed in the lait observation of:-Mr. Corry.- ..Mr.
Corry : I, pledge von
,n;}- henour,,as a gentlop.F....!, #i-tat 1.-did.
' i,dtni4e use 'of any such language to. you. Mr.-Kidd (in an
alijiOst inaudible tone) still continued to reiterate his first asser-
iion, Mr. Corry (warmly.):' When„You can't appreciate the
feelings of a gentleman, such a fellow•is not tit to sit", on the.
bench. . Mr. .ICid4:: I have to call the protection of the bone!).
Is ends language to .be permitted ? Mr. Corry :'I told you in. -
the beginning that I did not apply the language to you. You •
had no right to 'Make sitch,,a ;charge against Jne ;' and you
Shpuld learn to conduct yourself as a gentleman. 'You, ought
-tot to ac6.lse.nno of 414 a tiling.; but now you will know lne
a little better in future...l .tipped to Mr., Irvine, whether, I
used trbeiPre'ssion to him. Mr. Irvine : I think Mr, Kidd
has, taken:tip the: word in a wrong sense;. Corry.did not
was alClllateci tO„ the, feelings:;of .the-other magistrates,
allude to. *r. Kidd.. But. I. also think, that the Pxpression of, Mr,fl
ICOrry towards Nlr.'kidtlW•as such as,chould- not-have! bcou marle:!il
,Mr. Kinn I feel very strongly og,the.niltter;-and
!Mr. Corry: Upon that point, your feelings•are entirely itrima-
Aerial to me; 1 am of opinion that I was, justified :from: the
charge brought against me. The matter was then. dropped,
j. ' 1.010;1;1 : . •

dMF~R,.ICA I? SA IRS.

We gave yesterday a•full summary of American news re•
ceived by the Baltic, but hadiaot-space for the following :

APPOINTMENTS BY TEE PRESIDENT.

John Y. Mason, of Virginia, to be envoy extraordinary
and minister plenipotentiary at the 'court of his imperial
majesty the Emperor of the French. ,
Thomas 31. Seymour, of Connecticut, to be' envoy, extra-
traordinary awl minister plenipotentiary at the court of his
imperial majesty the Emperor of all the Russias.
Robert M. McLane, of Maryland, to be commissioner to
the Empire of China.

REPORT OP THE POSTMASTER-OBNERAL.

Washington, Tuesday, Dec. 6

The whole number of Post-offices in the United States at
the close of the last official year, ending June 30, 1853,
was 23,320. Of this number 255 are of •the highest class,
the Postmasters of which are appointed by the President.
Atthe present date, December 1, 1853, the total number
of post-offices-is 22,688. During the pastyear commencing
July 1, '52 1,898 post-offices were established ; 479 were dis-
continued ; and there were appointed to office during the
said year, besides the .1,898. postmasters to the newly-
established offices aforesaid, 3,000 ; 850 upon resignation;
225 on death, 182 by change of site, 91 where the post-:
master had moved: way, and 2,321 on the removal of prior
incumbent ;, being 8;567 postmasters -appointed during the
year ending June 30, 1853.
At the close of the fiscal year, ending on the 30th June last,
there were in operation within the United States, 6,692
mail routes. The aggregate length was 217,743 miles, and
5,583 contractors employed thereon.

The annual transportation of the mails, on those routes
was 61,892;542 miles, and the annual cost thereof 4,49,5,968
dollars; being about seven cents two mills per mile. Of
these 61,892,542 miles of annual transportation, 12,986,705
miles are required to be performed on railroads, at a cost
of 1,60-1,321 dollars; being - about -twelve cents three mills
per mile; 6,685,065 miles in steam boats, at a cost. of
632;368 dollars, being about nine cents four mills per mile ;
21,330;326 miles in coaches, at a cost of 1,206,958 dollars;
being about five cents-six•mills per mile; and 20,890,446
miles in modes not specified, at a cost of 1,055,313 dollars,
being about five cents per Mile.

The expenditures of the departmeut during the last fiscal
year were 37,982,758. The gi —53 rOVerallo source
all sourc
-r,-.0 eg,ote,7ei.

It appears from the foregoing statement that the gross
revenue of the year, ending June 30, 1853, fall short of the
expenditures by the sum 0f12,042,031.
$1,571,000 of this deficiency is supplied by the balance on
the auditor's books on July 'l, 1852, and by, the appropria-
tions to supply deficiencies, amounting to upwards of $1,000;
000, leaving t 4546,000 to be provided by congress for the
service of the year ending June-30, 1853.
The following is a summary statement of the fiscal opera-
tions of the post-office departm6nt for the year ending 30th
June, 1853=
Balance to credit of' department Ist July,
1852. • 11843, 394 3 2
Total receipts in fiscal, year, including the
sum of $2,255,000 drawn from the treasury
under acts of congress in aid of the post-
office revenue

7,495,724 70

Total apparent revenue for the year 68,339,119 02
Expenditures for the year.
Leaving apparent balances to credit of De-
- partmetit; Ist July; 1853
From this should be deducted the
unavailable balances` from late
postmasters, brought forward
from report of 1851-2 '6113,242 63
Deduct also amount paid British
Government on account of post-
ages 'of previous year, properly
chargeable to expenditures for
last fiscal year . . 118,061 56

251,303 19

Leaving 'as the ultimately available bal-
ance ~104,726 46
Excess of Expenditures of all kinds over the
Revenues of the year, exclusive of the
balances on hand July 1, 1851, and the
amount drawn from Treasury, to supply de-
fici-ency of Revenue.. . . ..... $2,742,364 67

y rs~z~rin.

'
Governor Johnson, of Virginia, transmitted. his inessage
to the legislature of that state on the sth. The new consti-
tution, he says, has worked well, and,bids, fair to fulfil.the
expectation of the people. The amount of, the state debt is
$ ..The aggregate estimated value of the property
0
six, hum/red million of dol.
The subject of education is conimended to attention.
1.8t6 ,04
pl ,e
0771)5. 1
ethe state is over
The governor concludes :—Finally,. I congratulated you
upon the condition of our. federal and foreign relations—no-
thing ,haVing occurred since your adjournment calculated to
weaken the. hope that the south may be permitted to enjoy,
n season of repose from the
.irritating. interference by nor-
iliern- fanaticism with the subject of slavery. Every friend
of this. union has .cause of congratulation at the overthroW
and signal rebuke the aboli4o4 party-has received within the
last two years. The friends of constitutional mid state tights,
even in: the north, have generally been triuniphantly,sus-
tained., Our northern brabern, among whom. there have
always been a few Who were true to -the constitution, have
indicated* a disposition to respect our rights,, and evinced a
sense of justice which should ever characterise the relations
between citizens of sister states. Madness for a while seemed
to run riot, and when fanaticism had brought the republic
to the verge of ruin, patriotism was aroused,. reason andjus-
tiee gained the ascend.ant, and the traitor and the demagogue,.
Whether sailing under the name of abolition or free-soilism,
have been put down—peace
and quiet have been: restored—
confidence has taken the place of .distrust, .and with rapid
Strides we-are marching to fulfil that destiny which has 'as-
signed us' the position 'of the 'greatest nation upon .earth.
May.thiS ever be our condition.
With becoming gratitude for the past favors we have re-..
ceived, both as a people and a nation, let us as such-so dis-
charge Our :duty to 'ourselves and to others, as not only to,
receive the approval of our own consciences, brit to secure
the continued blessing of that Providence which has, so ma-
nifestly watched over our footsteps from the infancy of the
republic, and in'WhOse hands are the -destinies of all nations.
Jos. Jomrsox.

December 5, 1853.

A Mr. Black, who had Teccivs3d an injury in Scotland,
upon one of CreelPs coaches, was awarded -X2OO dainages,
and has just liad.an applioation,granted to have a rehearing
on the ground of inadequate damages. - *
_TUB I:43v!s DELAY.—A.eurious and instructive instance
of the laws delay is given in a proceeding reported in the
North ijritish Hail, and has occurred in the court of session,
second division: .The case arose in this. Way.: —An action
was hrought before the court, at the instance of a domeiitic
servant (since married); against her late feaster and mistress,
Concluding for two things.. Ist. For damages on account of
defamation of character, in being accused of theft : and, 2d.
For wages; and board wages, up to the term of Whitsunday,
'she having;been unjustifiably dismissed a few days after the
term of Martinmas. Sheriff Alison, on the'.evidenee given
below, held that
.the action,was proved, and then there was
!an appeal. The judges were of opinion that the pursuer,
not having been given, into custody the = accusation of theft,
if made, was privileged, and that the dismissal was warranted
because she had wilfully disobeyed orders in leasing the
house, when told not to go, out. Loid Cockburn remarked
that, to the disgrace of the law, this case had been five years
before the courts. r ,

IM,POILTANT TO EMIGRANTS. —The. many fatal cases of
cholera which we noticed yesterday as having taken- place'
on board emigrant vessels, will impress upon: all - who con-.
template emigrating the propriety of adepting the salutary
precautions-set down by order of her ,Atajesty's Land. and
Emigration Commissioners, and widely circulated by placard:
Ihese precautions . fh.Qaq_qiekness conseauent
on.the rough-weather which ships moist encounter at this
,season;
joined to the cold and damp •of,a, sea voyage, will
render persons who are not strong mow susceptible to, the
:attacks of this disease. ,To ,those whelnay emigrate at this
season -the commissioners strongly recommend that-they
should provide -themselves With as much warm clothing as
'they Can, and especially with flannel,, to be worn, next the
skin; that they should have bOth their clothes and their
persons quite clean before embarkiug, and Should ,be e.rocal
to keep them so during the voyage,—aLtd. thp.t, they 'should
provide themsetVes with as muellooliCancl, wholesome ,food
as they can procure, in addition to the ship',s allowance to be
used on the voyage; and that it would' of- will's°, be desira,
ble, if they can arrange it, that they should not go in a ship
that is much crowded, or that is not provided with a medical
man.

COLONIAL. POSTAGE.-4 ,letter in a Landon journal cow.
tainS .some directions and information—on fins important
subject necessary to be known. We give an abstract
The postage of a letter from Australia, via Marseilles, is Is.
1().d. if it weighs'under a-quarter of an ounce. If it weighs
a, quarter of an ounce, the postage i. 2s. 3d. ; and if it ex-
ceeds half an ounce, the postage is 4s. Id. The postage.on
a letter from Australia, via Southampton, is it weighs
half an ounce. It is therefore ;possible,-for a, person to pay
2s, 3d. on a letter froM.A,ustralia, jt*'Marseilles,for which
he'would'only, Is. if he had roeeived it via" Southampton.
All letterS for;Australia from England must be prepaid. If
Ale ls. 10d rate is paid ori,4 letter it is sent via:XarseilWs,
and if the is, rate is paid'; it is sent Via Southampton. A
person may know therefore for a certainty. what route his
hatter has been sent to Australia by the .pqtage, that hedias
paid on ' Letters for England canna he prepaid.in
Australia, The Australian postmaiters give notice that all
letters for England not directe,d, to„go , any particular
iota() Will be:sent via Marseilles; bift these postmasters do
not separate the Marseilles from the Southampton portion,
because they believe it is done at Ceylon. .At Ceyloo,,how-
ever, the Aiistralian official notice• is, evidently not attended
to, and hence a variety of complaints :,and much inconyeni-
nce. The prineipal portion of the correspondence mailed'
in for Australia for England direct should be sentrvia
.
outhampton; because it is-the cheapest route. The,44s7
tralian, postmasters should give notice, therefore that cor;-
fesponaerice.iiould -136 sent via ,Son Warn/A.6n.
directed to-go via Marseilles, and they should separate the
correspondence themselves, placing the Marseilles portionin
iron boaesi and the Southampton portion' in wooden boxers.

---RACitGBD

-SCHOOLS.
BOLTON, Dsc. 22ND, 1853.
project has been started' at liolton for establishing a
ragged and industrial school- in that town ; and the mayor,
Mr. P. R. Arrowsmith, has headed a subscription set on
foot for the purpose;-with a donation of £2OO. At a meet-
ing of the Town Council on Wednesday last, the mayor
expressed his full confidence in the success of efforts which
he had for a long time made for thebenefit of the poor and
neglected portion of the juvenile population. On the same
occasion Mr. Alderman Cannon announced that a friend of
his, Mr. George Barnes, of Birkenhead, died last month, and
bequeathed £3OO for the support of an industrial school
in Bolton. Mr. Barnes, he said, left the town many years
ago, and, having been born and trained -in the neighbour-
hood, he was always deeply attached to it. He had much
sympathy with vagrant children, and it was as an incentive
to the formation of an industrial school in Bolton for their
benefit, that he made the bequest. The, money, in the event
of a school not being immediately provided, was to be in-
vested on security for a time, in order that it might if pos-
Sible be ultimately applied to the purpose designed. Mr.
Barnes had at various times since he left the town, contri-
buted to the support of the local public institutions, and lie
left to the dispensary a legacy of £loo.' lie had also be-
queathed £3OO for a ragged school at Birkenhead, and £lOO
fora dispensary at the same place. Mr. Cannon's state-
ment was received with much satisfaction by the council.

There were 152 children in the Manchester infant infir-
mary on the 21st instant.
THE POOR RATE IN WALES.—In the year ended Lady-day,
1852, the gross amount of the poor-rate in Wales was
£125,565 19s. 10d.
COUNTRY BANE. NOTES.—It appears that in August the
aggregate monthly circulation of country issues of bank notes
in England and Wales was £6,706,431. . • •
After an interval of three hundred years; a Roman
Catholic
.priest has been established in Haddington. • He
officiates in a granary loft : the use of the 'Assembly Room
was flatly refused.—North British
A fire accurred at Greenock on Wednesday morning,
which destroyed one wing of the Shaws-water Cotten Mill.
A poor woman who worked in the mill was suffocated dur-
ing the burning.
THE. FOREIGN TRADE OF THE UNITED KINGDOM.—Be-
tween January and November last, as appears from a recently
printed parliamentary paper, 29,866 ships, of 6,546,320
tonnage, employed in the foreign trade of the United King-
dom,,entered inwards, and 29,699 ships, of 6,462,035 ton-
nage, cleared outwards. .
VOLUNTARY EDUCATION IN WALES.—The friends of
voluntary education in the Principality are actively stirring
to promote and secure the 'revival of the normal college, in
order to obtain the strict moral and religious training of
teachers for the Principality.- For this purpose meetings
are to be held in all the principal towns.
Madame Matilda Donniquez; formerly a favorite actress
at the Tacyn theatre, Havannah, was' murdered by her
husband, Valdez, en the 23d ult. The wretch had driven
her to a life of profligacy to support his extravagance, and
then killed her on some pretence of jealousy. He attempted
his own.life but failed.
THE STEAM SHIP STAG.—This fine vessel is one of the
three magnificent new steam vessels, respectively named -the
Stag, Elk, and Lynx, now fitting out for the Glasgow and
Belfast Royal Mail Steam Packet service. ' The mails
between Scotland and. Ireland have been conveyed by this
route since July, 1849, with a regularity and convenience
unknown before, when the mails between-the two countries
were carried in Government steam vessels between Port
Partick and Donagbadee.---North British. Mail.
ETIQUETTE IN THE PIT.— A letter from Vienna, of the
, 13th, says :—For- Borne time past the' public has been
strangely abusing in the theatres of this city; its right to
encore, not only calling for a repetition of songs and cava-
tinas, but even of long concerted pieces. The police hasat
Ilast interfered by publishing an` order interdicting the repe-
tition of any piece of music or portion of a ballet. - For the
future, also, no performer can be recalled until the curtain
has fallen between the acts ; then, an actor can be called to
appear once, and after the piece has finished an actor can
be called for three times at most.
A 'WHOLE FAMILY POISONED.--On Thursday, Mr. Payne
held an inquest 'on the body of James George Trump, aged
6 years, the son of a plasterer living at No. 9, Prince's-road,,
Bermondsey. The mother of the child stated that on Mon-
day last the family, consisting of herself, her husband, the
deceased, and a child aged 17 months, dined off some hashed
mutton, over which a paste, made of flour and water, had
been poured. Soon after partaking of. the meal, the whole
of the family, except the youngest child who had none of
the paste, became very sick. In the night tie illness of the
child increased so much that her husband went to fetch a
doctor, but before inediCal aid could arrive the child died.
Witness had used flour out of the same lot without expe-
riencing any ill effects. The coroner said it was a very
mysterious case, and adjourned the inquiry for further
evidence.
NOT TO BE TWICE CAUGHT.--The canvasser of a Glasgow
newspaper, remarkable for his strait:aced abhorrence of all
public- amusements, concerts, &c., lately 'called upon a
respectable firm here, and obtained an order to insert the
advertisement of the Italian Opera, soon to be performed in
this city ; but when it appeared next day the editor was very
wrath with his canvasser for having polluted -the columns of
bibtofpeowlodafoyrs
his
after journal
thren a with
canvasser
an
as
ssuerc h
called ap,r ofa
uponne announcement.an
extensive
home advertisements which appeared in a contemporary.
Amongst the notices was one of Horace's works—Opera
Horatii. The word Opera caught the eye of the astute
solicitor, who at once objected 'to receiving it; saying that he
had recently got an angry rebuke for inserting'" one of thae
sinfu' fiddling, skirling adverteesements." It Was in vain
that the worthy' publisher assured him it wah' the 'title of
book, and not a musical performance. He-`had not forgotten
the scolding he had got, 'and went away, respectfully declin-
ing to have the columns of the paper he was connected with
defiled in future by any " sic sinfu' skirling adverteesements."
—iVorth B. Hail.
JUVENILE DELIN4UENCY.—Upon this subject, Mr. Ar.‘
H. Pielde, of Edgbaston, who says he was prevented from
offering his opinions at the late conference in Birmingham,
writes as follows, in support of cbmpulsory education. It
lefts. rather a rarige idea 'at a conference, to discuss a
question in its various bearings, that the expression of
Opinion should be checked: Sir 'John Pakington thought
therwise :—" I hold that if the state is bound to repress
crime—often the result .of dense ignorance and parental
neslect.7-it is -no less, bound to supply education. -I main-
tain that by compulsory education, or training alone, can
We successfully battle with these savage hordes of young
criminals . We should have a compulsory rate for the
Support of the school as- wens for the maintenance of the
gaol. I admit that the ,hangman's' dread office is of service
to society, and that it is a miserable fallacy to say that the
worst use you can put a man to is to hang him.' But if
the finisher of the law is a useful member of society, the
schoolmaster is much more so ; and it is a species of bar-
barism, a sort'of scandal to our civilisation, 'to exercise this
awful punishment without also providing a scheme of
national instruction. "

-PUBLIC SPIRITED. INCENDLIR/ES—A strange affair, says
the Cologne Gazette, has: just :been' submitted to the- Criminal
Tribunal of Gleiwitz, in Silesia, in Prussia :—The little town,
o)f.lfernn possessed a tile kiln: and. dependencies which produced,
alinost nothing. Its municipal council wishing to get rid of:
them on the most advaniageous terms possible, held a secret
meeting to deliberate what should be done with them. In
that meeting, it was resolired, that as the buildings were in-
sured, they should be burned down; and one of the members
of the council was charged to set them on fire. He executed
his commission, and the bifildings were entirely destroyed.
the municipal -council then demanded an inrdeMnity frOm the
assurance company; it was paid,' and every fartlling df it was'
placed in the municipal treasury. The matt,-, ho cie r, though
kept secret, became known, and the law authorities caused all

the councillors to be prosecuted for 'arson. The tribunal con-
4emned them, to periods .of imprisonment varying from six
months to a year, and to reimburse the insurance money with
Interest. ; also to pay all the costs:
MARIE ANTOINETTE.---11.0r rtpt uYtc.,cnnoo c10..7.100
• court and all France. She Was then but sixteen years old.
9er preinoni beauty 'eclipsed that of Madame'. du Barry; the
favourite of•Gottis.XV., and the modern" Phryne. But the
beauty of Madame Barry was that of of a courtesan; the beauty
of Marie Antoinette was that of a princess. • Nature had
adorned her with all the gifts which made her as a woman an
abject for admiration, and as is queen :an object for adoration ;
in shape tall, her movements. were swanlike In. carriage and
leportnient an'elegahce such as to lose nothing of •her -ma-
jesty ; her hair Was blond and silky, and its warm tints
remindecithe beholder of the wavy tresses 'or. Titian ; a lofty
• oval 'forehead "like to thos&Of the fair daughters of the Danube ;
eyes of liquid azure in which the calni and the tempest of the
shut' made the. look by turns (aileeP or undulate ; 'the *nose
slightly: aquiline; the mouth Austrian, hei—farnily, that is—L.
a mingling of pride and of a smile ; the 'chin. -turned up ; het
epleor heightened by the chill 'climate' of the nortlt; fin'
sistible graceshed flike a youthful vapour over her features,
and' which did not allow her to be viewed but. through an'
attric4liere of fire or of inebriation.--Lamartine.
V*Tba'rp, THE EIVIPBROR.-4; young :woman between
25 and '3O years of age, wearing •the costume of the peasants
Of Th:ittaily, but who, from the delicacy of her features, evidently
belonged to a' fe'spectable eltiss of secietf, -rent recently to the
Tuileries, and 'requested 'to speak "to the Emperor, saying that
she had an important ebniiiimiatiOn to 'make to him. The
domestics wanted to send her rtWay; hilt she insisted so
earnestly, on being allowed to See his 'Majesty, that she was
taken before M. Barlet, 'commissary of the intperiar residences.
lie questioned her, and from her answers considered her out
of lier;,inind. I-to wont her to M. ,Bertoglio,•cikomissary of
poliee of the section of the Palais Royal. In answer to his
inquiries she said that her name was Marie It—; that she
liad.been brought up in a convent,, the rules of which wsre
very austere ; and 'that in the preceding week •she had had in
the night a vision, in which her patron saint had appeared to
her,- had communicated a 'secret important to the welfare
Of 'France, and ordered her to comb to Paris in humble costume
to nialce it kno'wn to the Emperor. The 'commissary 'pressed
her to . tell him What 'the secret was, hut she peremptorily
refused.. lle•rPretbnded •to • take notes of what she said, a'l
placed her in a cabs' to lake, her; as he' represented, to the
irtinistry:of, state, through which she might obtain an au-
dience of- his Majesty. • But the poor young woman was con-
veyed prefecture, of police, whence she was sent to a
tsekipol .de,