The Northern Daily Times.
Liverpool, Merseyside, England, 1856-12-12 00:00:00

NEW MAP OF AMERICA.

A new map of the North American Continent, fiat
just been issued by Mitchell of Philadelphia. In size
it is poorly six feet square, and in addition t.. ..,ntain-
ing the 'United Stat.., an 3 the 15 rltish North American
provinces, it has the Sandwich Islands, Mexico, Central
America, Cuba, and the other West India islands,
beautifully and distinctly m rked do.vn. The mechani-
c cal execution of the nap is throughout highly
' satisfactory. The publishL, Las toltrive Ito insert
in the margin a large attourt 01 geographical
and statistical information, brought down to the present
time. Ile has also availed himself of the latest discoveries,
and noticed on the map the latest changes, so that it is
especially minute and comprehensive respecting those
places and subjects which are now most frequently
under consideration. Railroads, canals, rivers, lakes,
and mountain ranges are eorrectly delineated. The
various civil divisions of the United States, British pos-
sessions in North America, Mexico, Central America,
&c., &c., are accurately shown. The principal
points on the popular routes to Oregon, Cali-
fornia, &c., &c., also the several routes by water
as well as land to the Pacific coast. In addition to the
above qualifications of the map, there are given two
projections of the earth—Mercator's and globular pro-
jections. Altogether, the map is the ne plus ultra of
topographical productions. It is engraved in the finest
and most elaborate style, and is richly coloured • and is,
in all respects, the most reliable map of the kind extant.
To prove that such is the case, we need only mention
that the chief committees of both Houses of Congress
have had this map hung up in their respective rooms ;
also the Secretaries of State, War, and the Navy.

MOUNT VESUVIUS.—A correspondent writing from
Naples, on the 22nd ult, says—" I open my letter to say
that Vesuvius was blazing away last night, and was evi•
dently in great force. For the most part one sees only the
reflection of the light which is thrown up from the interior
of the crater, but at times it rises up in all its majesty, and
illuminates the entire sky."
A report is gradually gaining ground in Canada, that the
Cunard Company intend to establish a line of first-class
steamships between Quebec and Liverpool. We cannot find
any exact authority for this rumour ; but it is very pro•
bable, unless recent arrangements made by this company
with the Australian and European Company, alter their
views. It is said that the object is to run the Montreal and
Quebec steamers off the line ; and if this is the aim, the
enormous subsidy paid to this Company will give them a
great advantage. In other respects, it cannot fail to be of
great advantage to the province, and profitable to the
owners.—Caledonian Newt. ti
COPPER IN New ZEALAND. —We have received by private
letters, the most satisfactory accounts of the progress of the
copper mine, recently discovered at the Dun Mountain.
We understand that the road to the mine is nearly camp O!ed,
and that two tons of ore, of great richness, have been taken
to Nelson. Amongst those were several cakes of virgin
copper, a satisfactory proof of its value. This quantity was
to be shipped about the 25th of Aufust, to London, via
Sydney ; and may, therefore, soon be expected. There
can be but little doubt now, that this discovery will be
of the greatest importance to the province, even should the
hopes of gold be disappointed. —Australian and New Zea-
-1 land Gazette.

DESTRI7CTIVE FIRE IN GLASGOW.—OR Tuesday night,
about half-past ten o'clock, the eastern portion of the work-
shops of Messrs. J. Henderson and Co., coachbuilders,
82, Renfield street—part of an extensive square of one-
storey buildings—was suddenly discovered to be in flames.
No time was lost in conveying the alarm to the Northern
Police Station, when the engine immediately turned out and
proceeded to the spot, where it was speedily followed by the
West of England engine and brigade. The exertions of the
latter were directed to saving a large buildingof four storeys
situated at the north-east angle of the square, which was
placed in great danger, as the wind was blowing with
much violence in that direction, and the flames rising
high and coming into close contact with the windows.
On the arrival of Mr. Bryson with his brigade from the
Central, a few minutes after, he placed one of his engines
in the same locality, and all danger was soon over, The
flames after breaking out began to extend rapidly, and
after the lapse of half-an-hour the whole square, with the
exception of a small building used as the counting.house,
was in a blaze. The wind being very boisterous thick
volumes of smoke and flame and myriads of sparks were
numeroustier
of
spectators e
buildingetators had
betionpgreserve a
carried along Sauchehall and Renfrew streets, and the
c io tnibretsmpetibetliculndaistutraen,cteh.':
The
material inside being of the most
complete. Then
construction, and the
destruction was sudden andcfslim
fers of the excited residenters in the locality, besides
however,
managed to diminish the flames, and so lessen the
preserving the counting house. The conflagration, as may
be supposed, was one of great brilliancy, and from its
elevated site was plainly observable all over the city. In
consequence, a numerous crowd assembled, and, as in similar
cases, the police, who, by the way, had mustered strong
under Captain Smart—had some difficulty in keeping it out
of the wav of obstruction. By one o'clock the flames were
completely got under, although the engines continued to
play on the smouldering mass. The damage is estimated at
£5,000.

~.

...

ASSIZE INTELLIGENCE,

'7

SOUTH LANCASHIRE WINTER ASSIZES.
CROWN COURT. V
- - ESTE RDAY.

•
• Baron Alderson entered the.court at nine o'clock this

morning.
CHARGE OF VIOLATION.---John Hugh, aged 28, engine
tenter, was charged with having, at Rainsvk orth, on the
Ist July, 1856, feloniously assaulted and ravished Rachel
Lowe. It appeared that the accusation was not made
until the 4th of November. The jury found the prisoner

- .
not guilty.
CAUSING THE DEATH OF A CHlLD.—Nancy Green,
aged 23, factory-hand, was charged with having at
Bolton, on the 29th of August, feloniously killed a
female child. It appetred that a woman going into a
tavern called the Stork, in Bolton, found a bundle in a
passage, which contained a newly born female infant.
She took it to the house of a neighbour, and subse-
Tiputly to the police station, where it was washed. The
child was theo extremely feeble, and had the livid
appearance usually caused by exposure. It was very
insufficiently clothed. It was then taken to the work-
house, where on the following evening it expired. Mr
;Carruthers, surgeon, examined the child, and attributed
its death to exposure. On the 23rd of September, be
examined the prisoner, who had been arrested on
suspicion, and was of opinion that she had been
delivered of a child, but he could not positively state
that as a fact. The woman, however, in conversation
with him, admitted that she had had a child. A
officer, who arrested the prisoner, deposed I;.,at she
admitted to him that she had had a child., and that it
was the same which was found iu the t;tork tavern. Mr.
Bowler conducted the prosec
"..:ton, and Mr. Fearnley
defended the prisoners 1.",,e jury found the prisoner not
guilty.
CHARGE OF 'CHILD MURDER AT BLACEBURN.—Mary
Brady, aged, 22, servant, was indicted for the wilful
inilrdr7 of her male infant child at Blackburn. The
Pr:soner was a servant at the house of Mr. Scholes, at

Lower Darwen, near Blackburn, but on the 6th of
September, the complained to Mrs. Scholes of being ill,
stating that she had fallen down stairs. She expressed
a men to go to her aunt's for a few days, but on getting
-permission, instead of going to her aunt's, she took a
lodging in the town. She was there delivered of a male
child, about ten o'c'ock that night. She remained there
until the 11th of September,. when she left with the
child, saying she was going by train to a place r: e'
Church. The prisoner went back to her serve.ee at Mr.
Scholes' house next day ; the child was never again seen
alive. On the 16th of September, I}.e body of a child,
in a state of almost total decoweposition, was found by;
some boatmen in the Lecd's and Liverpool Canal, near
the outlet of hot water om a mill. A stone, weighing
some 6 lb. or 7 Ib.. ''../as attached to the child's clothe
which were
,PT'efed to be similar to those worn by the
prisoner's reeild when she left her lodging. On her
return `.o her service, she was accused by Mrs. Scholes
of
.aving giver, birth to a child during her absence, but
denied it, On the 21st of September she left the house,
saTtig she would not stay any longer, because
of the reports which were in circulation respecting her.
After leaving the house, she went back to the lodging
where she bad been. There she told the landlady that
when she left the house, on the night of the 11th, she
Was attacked by three men who nearly muitheed her,
and took her child away. The child had been christened
John Kenyer, which she stated to ba the name of i's
father, a soldier in the Crimea. The surgeon who had
examised the dead child, was unable to state whether it
was alive or dead when put into the canal. The jury
accordingly acquitted the prisoner.
GAROTTE ROBBERY AT 111ANC llESTER.—Patrick Dowlan,
oged 17, was charged with haying assaulted and at-
tempted to rob Abel Clegg, at Manchester, ott the 17th
of last November. On the night in question, it appeared
that the p-osecutor was attacked by the prisoner and two
other men. Two of them held him round the throat, so
tightly that he was nearly choked, while the third
searched his pockets. He had in his pocket £lO in gold,
and during the struggle seven sovereigns were taken out
of his pocket, but they were afterwards found in the
breast of his waistcoat. The jury found the prisoner
His lordship sentenced him to be transported
re- h'eentv years.
FORGING A BIL.- C" F. xcnifioz.—John Leien, "sea
t,
egeut, was charged with feloniously forging, at
Manchester, on the 4th of October, the endorsement
upon a certain bill of,exchange, with intent to defraud
Mr. oveoproopted:' was stated that on the day in
question the prisoner preSented a bill to Mr, Sharpies,
agent, Corporation street, Manchester, for £49 17s 6d,
drawn by Matthew Kain upon John Lees. It purported
to he endorsed by Matthew Kain, accepted by Mr. Lees,
and payable t' order by the drawer three months after
date. The prisoner stated that Mr. Kain had sent him
with the bill, which was accordingly cashed by Mr.
Sharpies. The signatures were afterwards found to be
not genuine., The jury found the prisoner guilty of
uttering a forged note knowing it to ba forged. Mr.
Sharpies earnestly recommended the man to the mercy
of the court on account of his years. His Lordship
sentenced the prisoner to be imprisoned, and kept to
hard labour for two years.
iVlichael Foy was put up on a charge of manslaughter
hpnn a coroner's inquisition. The grand jury ignored
the hills againet this man. No evidence was now offered
on the part of the crown, and the prisoner was accord-
ingly discharged.
THE TICKET OF LEAVE SYSTEM.
During the day the Grand Jury came into court, and
the Foreman read the following document : —" My Lord,
before claiming their release from the duties imposed I
ugon them by a calendar containing no less than 120
prisoners, and 88 distinct offences against the law, the
grand jury desire to record their sense of the great value
of the observations addressed to them by your lordship,
upon their entrance into this court, with respect to the
effects of the recently introlueed system of granting
tickets of leave to convicts before the expiration of their
term, without any greater security of their future good.
conduct than that which was derived from their good
behaviour under the restraint of prison discipline and
the constant surveillance of its officers. The grand jury
• trid, from the report of Colorel Jebb, dated Bth May,
1856, that the record of the conduct and industry of each
prisoner is the only guide in granting tickets of leave,
• and that the report expressly disclaims any obligation on
the part of the chaplain to satisfy himself on the moral
reformation of a prisoner, as a previous condition of his
release or license. It may be quite true, that such a con-
dition might be a bonus to hypocrisy, and open the door
to much abuse; but the grand jury submit that- good
conduct alone, in the absence of any temptations or
opportunity to do evil, can never be a sufficient guarantee
against a relapse into crime. In Colonel Jebb's report,
• it is stated that the total annual per tentage or re-con-
victed offenders upon the whole number so released,
.amounts to no more than 32 per cent. upon the average
taken ever since the act of the 16th and 17th Victoria,
c. 99, came into operation, a period of two years and
tve months. Without denying that this return affords
gratifying result, inasmuch as it shows that nearly 97
. per cent. of the holders of these licenses have not
hitherto come again within statistics of this country,
the grand jury still entertain an opinion that the time
has been too silort to allow any general conclusions to
be drawn that it is by no means certain that many of
these will not relapse into crime, or that they are not
even now living in the commission of crime without the
detection of the law ; and, finally, they point to the
• serious pro?ortion shown in the present calendar of
the amount of crime committed by the holders of
tickets of leave,—about 10 per cent. of the whole
offences against the laws, whether they regard the num-
ber of offenders, or the nature of the offences with which
• they are charged. Amongst the twelve holders of
tickets of leave there are seven charged with
87 burglary, four charged with assault and robbery,
e and one with arson. Some of the assaults were of the
'l-'• character of those commonly called " Garotte robberies,"
and several instances show the offences to have been
-/watecommitted by more than one person, offer during evi-
stft rclenee that the convicts have returned to bad associates as
1-"l'X'Avell as to evil habits. The grand jury entirely disdain
any intention to question the accuracy of Colonel Jehb's
returns, but they respectfully submit to your lordship,
and to the public generally,' that the result of every day's
experience are such as to warrant them in looking with
great jealousy upon any continuance of a system under
which a serious Aggravation of the amount of offences
against person and property can be clearly shown to been I
caused by this alteration in our criminal law. They
view with much alarm the possible effects of uncertainty,
not in the infliction of punishment, but hi its probable
duration ; and they areseonvinced that habitual
°Renders are likely to derive much encouragement
from the prospect thus held out to them of obtaining a
partial, if not a total remission of their sentence, and
to look upon the sentence of a court of law as a
z' merely nominal punishment, which rosy ,easily
' evaded before the full penalty of crime has e.en exacted.
In offering these opinions, the grand jurY do no {needs
seek to prejudge the question of the mode and extent of
secondary punishment, a subject, as they are aware,
surrounded with difficulties ; but only to indicate the
danger which is to be apprehended, and to draw the
attention of the legislature to the alarm which they
believe to exist among the public, arising from this
source. In conclusion, the grand jury respectfully
offer to your lordship their grateful acknowledgments of
the public service rendered by the seasonable and

forcible expression of your lordship's deliberate judge—
ment in this important matter.—Signed on behalf of the
grand jury, ,6 W. ENTWISTLE, Foreman.
" To the Hon. Sir Edward Hal. Alderson, Knight,
One of the Barons of H.M.'s Court of Exchequer.

"6 December 11, 1856,"
His lordship took the resolution from the foreman,
stating that he was much obliged to the grand jut), for
their.kind expressions regarding him. He added that
he would forward the document to the Secretary of
State.
- - - -

The grand jury, having concluded all their business,
were shortly afterwards discharged.
The court rose shortly before six.

SECOND COURT.
Mr. Sergeant Channell took his seat on the Bench In
the Court, at nine o'clock.
GAROTTE ROBBERY Tri LISETWOOL.—Peter Duff, aged
20 ; John Kelly, aged 26, labourer; and Thomas Kelly,
aged 24, a sawyer ; stood indicted with having, at
Liverpool, on the 22nd of September last, assaulted and
robbed Edward Jones, and stolen from his person a
watch, a purse, and I Is. Bd. Mr. Aspinall conducted the
prosecution, and Mr. Atkinson and Mr, Scott defended
the prisoners. The prosecutor, Ed ward Jones, was in the
employ of Mr. Lee, who keeps a shop in Toxteth Park.
On the night of the robbery, he left his shop shortly
before twelve o'clock, and had proceeded to within
about twelve yards of his own dwelling dome, when he
'aw the shadow of a man from behind him. lie turned
round and saw the prisoner, Peter Duff, following him,
and immediately after he was seized from behind, by the
neck, by another person. He was then robbed and
violently assaulted. He Identified the prisoners Duff
and Thomas Kelly, as two of the parties who had
taken a part in the robbery and in the assault. He was
perfectly sober at the time, having only a few minutes
before left his employment. Jane Phillip., lived iu
Bedford street. On the night of the robbery she was
standing at the corner of the street. She siw three men
running away ; two, Peter Duff and John Kelly, went
off at Ann street, and the other man into Frank street.
Just before that, she had heard the cry of murder, and
police. For the defence, it was attempted to set
up an alibi for the prisoner, Thomas Kelly, but the evi-
dence failed. The jury, after considerable delibera-
tion returned a verdict of " guilty " against all the
pri%oners. Duff having been before convicted and im-
prisoned for burglary, was sentenced to transportation
for life. The other two prisoners were sentenced each to
fifteen years' transportation.
BURGLARY AT SALFORD,—Joseph Keightley, aged 22,
fruit dealer, Elizabeth Keightley, his wife, aged 22,
Sarah Varley, aged 24, charwoman, Francis Donnelly,
aged 24, factory hand, and George Johnson, aged 23,
hootmaker, were placed on their trial, charged with
having at Salford, on the 7th September, 1856, bur-
glariously broken and entered the dwelling house of
James Wagstaff, and stolen therefrom a large quantity
of property, consisting of watches, watch guards, &c.
Mr. Milne and Mr. Hie-gin appeared for the prosecu-
tion. Mr. Sowler defended Keightley and his wife. Mr.
Wheeler, Johnson ; Mr. Fernley, Donnelly, and Parley
was defended by Mr. Aspinall. The prosecutor is a
pawnbroker; at Salford. On the morning of Sunday,
the 7th September la,t, he and his wife retired to rest
about one o'clock, and at that time all was secure in
the house. They rose next morning at seven olelock,
and then found that during the night the house had
been broken into, and .a considerable quantity of property
stolen. 'They at once communicated the circumstance
to the police, and in four hours after some members of
the force visited Keightley's house, and there arrested
all the prisoners. Some of the property was found on
the prisoners' persons, while the rest was discovered
secteted in different parts of the house. The case
against the prisoners rested therefore on recent possession.
Both the female prisoners were acquitted, but the
remaining three were found guilty. Sentence deferred.
The court rose at nine o'clock.

THE CASE or AIiCHDEAC)N DENISON.—We understand
that Archdeacon Denison, acting on the advice of his coun-
Mr. Hugh Hill, Q C., will apply to the Court of
Queen's Bench at the commencement of next term for a
mandamus to compel the Court of Arches to entertain his
appool aeaiLet the Bath judgment.— Guardian.
Seven men lost their lives, by fire, at St. Louis (U.S.),
lately. They were sleeping in a warehouse, and were not
aware of their danger until they were surrounded by fire.
The floors gave way first in the centre, and as they came
down, the doomed men could be distinctly seen huddled
together, and clinging to each other. A breathless silence
pervaded the horror stricken spectators, and at the
moment of the crash, the only other sounds that broke
upon the ear were the crackling of the flumes and the
shrieks of the sufferers, which could be heard abave all the
rest.

THE ALLEGED FRAUDS BY A RAILWAY CLERIC ON THE
EAST LANCASHIRE RAILWAY.—In reference to the alleged
frauds of, the late stationmaster at Ormskirk, the general
manager of the East Lancashire Railway writes to say :
" The facts are that John Johnson, late our station-master,
at Ormskirk, was, in September last, discovered to have
embezzled a sum of about twenty_nine rounds. He was
then broug'it before the mag'strates at Bury, and was coma
witted to take his trial at the Qaarter Sessions at Salford,
in October last. Bail was taken for his appearance•' he
afterwards absconded, and has not since been heard of.—
Johmon, on his appointment, gave, through the British
Guarantee Seelety, the security invariably required by this
company from every servant who has charge of money, and
this company will not lose one penny by his defalcation."
OPENING OF THE GRAND TRUNK RAILW.AY. For a
week Montreal has been gay with , festive mirth and bril-
liant crowds. The weather during the railway celebration
was delightful, and on the whole we have every reason to
congratulate ourselves on having realised a great success.
Nothing of the kind of equal magnitude, or so brilliantly
successful, has taken place on this continent. Imagine
a mile and a half of tables, bountifully covered with every
del cacy, at which 4,000 guests were entertained. When
" God save the gieen" was sang, and the whole crowd,
Americans as we 1 as Canadians, joined enthusiastically
in the chorus, the effect was most magnificent and thrilling,
and will be long remembered by those who took part in it.
In addition to the guests, at least 10,000 spectators visited
the city on the occasion. The town was thronged as at a
fair during the whole week. Montreal correspondent
(Canadian News).
A MONSTER SHARK.—The New Orleans Picayune tells
the following :--" We have read many fish stories, and they
are generally of that tenor that the very name inclines one
to disbelieve them. We have one to telt; now, and, as we
.know the person who was the main actor in the incident,
we can vouch for its being true, particularly as there is
ocular evidence of the matter. Some days ago, the captain
of a ship at anchor outside the pass, threw overboard a
shark hook baited, not expecting in the least; as the captain
himself says, to catch anything, of the fish tribe. There
was hooked, however, a shark of the spotted kind, and, as
it afterwards proved, a regular man-eater.' He had to be
harpooned before his capture could be .effected. His size
and weight may be imagined from the fact that it took 11
men to hoist him in, wit,, a double lift on, the naainyard.—
The monster measured 17 feet 11 inches in length from tail
to snout, and nine feet in circumference. • He had seven
rows of teeth, three of the rows being almost hidden in the
upper gums. His liver exactly filled up a beef barrel. In
his paunch was found the body of a man in a halt decom-
posed state. So far as could be judged, the corpse was that
of a wellsdressed man, of medium size—shirt White, with
pearl buttons, coarse silk under shirt, cotton socks, and
shoes nearly new, of the Congress gaiter kind. The shark
had also in his stomach several pieces of old canvass, such
as are used by vessels on their rigging. The jawbone of
this sea pirate has been bronght up to the city. It is large
enough to take in a sugar barrel."
LONDON DESTITUTION.—The Rev Josiah Viney, minister
of Bethnal Green Independent Chapel, writes to the Times
describing a fearful state of destitution in the manufacturing
portion of the metropolis. Mr. Viney says :—" lam the
minister of a congi egation in the east of London, situated
in a manufacturing district containing 70,000 souls. , The
condition of a large portion of these Ouring the winter
months is truly distressing. Myself and friends, in common
with other ministers of the locality, do what we can by the
distribution of bread, coals, and clothing, to alleviate their
misery, but our efforts, of c.,nrse, are limited. By the aid
of four city missionaries and twenty voluntary agents, we
have under regular visitation 2,000 families, including at
least 8,000 individuals. The scenes of woe which within
this circle are witnessed are often heartrending. Let one
suffice. In a room six feet square, the entire furniture of
which is about seven shillings in value, exist nine persons—
a-man, his wife, and seven children. The man is severely
afflicted, unable to work. The wife earns a precarious sub-
ts-snence by washing and needlework. The entire proceeds
of the family are 5s per week, out of which 2s must be
regula ly paid for rent, or their all would be seized. ~Why
not go into the house ?' The poor fellow replied, I
cannot bear to be parted from my wife and children.' 1
mention this case as coming under my own knowledge, and
simply as an illustration of hundreds•more. This afternoon
visited a policeman dying of consumption, the effect of
ttlo
daysws received on duty. His young wife had worked for
three
and, after walking to and fro a diStance of eight
miles, ',id, her. heavy child hi her arms 4 bad received as
the produce of her labour Is. lie, however, has a pension,
but, having oeerdrawn it, was in the greatcst distress,
and had parted Wit 2 his blanket and coverlet for food
and fire."