The Express.
London, England, 1850-08-06 00:00:00

ghe '-'l4:irtgiS.

OUTGOING MAILA.
The mans for
vo.nrrrow morniva. LiOM, Spain, and Gibraltar will be
go,
gp
The mails aid Marseilles, to the Mediterranean,
Ceclos, lea
ak, Hong-Kong, &c., will be tune ap tu.i..'—.,
'
row eveni.
Tks malls for British North ilmerics, 11.... ,
11.
the United elates will be msde up on to 'c.c.s
August 9.
The We.t India Mt i's, excluding Thorium. Nati 7
h, and lame (Bt. Domingo), and inc lath.. i,
Russia, New Granada, ead Om Town (Britian de Nitwit
will be made up on Anima 17.
' The mails for 11.vannah, Bowlines, Mesa, h
Chili and Peru, will be made up on Auggit 17. ew
The mails for Gibraltar, Malta" On ewe, it.: ! .m.. kho.
"
goo Ceylon, India, sod China, two ifontnaapc...*7
Miami be muds up on the moraine of 2O.
The mails for Mexico will be made up ca fispteckw:
The mails for Aladeria, the Brazils. and Buenos k
be Rads up on the evening of 8. pt. 4. yr.,

HIGH WAIN* AT LONIMII Lt,1431.
711.4 1:1111.-1110/711111.. l a, 4+&••••••••• .I._ le-asampor—Moraleg, lb. Alumna,

LONDON, TUESDAY, AUGCST g.
---

IT is not many weeks since the annual repo,
the Poor Law Board, for 18,17, wa, 4sued • thww;
bears date the 31st of lieeenibir Ls!. i"
between the date and the ucp-arater of the moor"'
very objectionable ; and if the thte be hr.,. fie t:,;,-,
delay is quite inexcusable. For heio at
a session of parliament we Lava a do.unierat.pci
which throws more light on the itterral so;
England than all the other returns nt d
the tables of the houses, and for the non. ••;•
which, at the very beginning of the et.
sufficient reason can be assigned.
Board, it is true, has both its presidet•
secretaries in the House of Commoi •
and interrogated on particular cs-ts wh•r.
but their sitting in parliament is to c x•
ing for six months that yearly coinpre;,e:.
mary ar.d bir(i.s-eye view of the
and of th state ot the poor, so
consideration cf the condition of the
.r.• v.
is really surprising that a preih!eh!
zealoue, and punctual as Mr. Nix
more promp• in the issue of these doc-,•,..„
•
The Poor-law Board, as concitte.el r: •
Vie., c. 109, came kW operation in
its first President, our readers will ',cc • c•.,
CHARLES BULLER. linfortWAVely
give even one year's account of its pr,te, mr.o.
Bitttn, however, survived Ls apsesc•o.:,
enough to relieve the central adoi:rob•ri.•
Poor-law from that spirit of sternrt, ir
which was at least supposed to hart.
old comnissicn. From no source de: •!.r.
tion more copiou•cly prom(' than fr.•.l
orders. Not only had the old eom:h...
power and authority regulated the d. 0.1,
various workhorses, but it had Cen;e!. •
all voice in the regulation. They h i..• •
imperative directions which iss tied from
Toe effect of this piece of smEe:i
natural enough. In this early part
the new poor law, the gusrciats, AI
amongst the most resolute of it,
far the most popular cry ot op: ..•:•ioc
of the workhouses. This Mr. CHIP t.
dily remedied; not, however, I,y
dietary, and so giving paupers
pendent labourer could not pr,Kurc
throwing open the considera.:on ct
dians ; and so securing on t: r
the cordial co-operation,
the local authcritii s. In the th
anxious labours on the ernigr .•
laws, on the still greater 4i•teetic
meat, and the means of mi•
of vagrancy, Mr. CHARM..., I;
his country ; and though i•
his loss was irreparabte,
it has yet been replaced.

'Mtr.•a

His successor, Mr. M. T. 11,
presidency of the board lIACV
sound views of p litical ,
feelings far the sufferings of th.e.n r.e
thorough knowledge of the entail: •ts-e
poor law questions than any other n tn
by what was even better, a knowlrd::,
lation thereon should aim at; zeal, tr..;
and modesty—such were Mr. IlAttie• •
dons: and very admirably and m
they hitherto carried him through the
his department. Under the old comma,
painfully bitter discussions on p or taw
' to take place in the House of Common.,
B AIN E 5 S quiet and unostentatious a
only discussions are on his 13:1:8
of the law ; and in his legislition h..• ••
secured the resfect and the CU-J'
parties.
By far themes: sat'afactory part of
1849 is the account of the success wh:
the operatiou of \lr. CoAnnt, 1t; ;
vagranhy and mendicancy. ;
rapidly and fearfully increasing ; a:
arrest it. Fur this purpose he •••,.
minute of the 4.h of Augur, ls.s,
pressedon the local authorities the:
own vigilance and energy that t.
then on poor rates could be dm;..
he showed them were simply to ir.ce
as it presented itself, and to apt,:v to
vagrants be examined, he d:te: :d.
officer of the local police ; :e: th:m
thorough search and cleans::..; op,
tion into the workhouse; end :c:
to give an amount of wo:k :o :..e
relief before departure. S.:
Butt.ea's suggestions, and nwn:
proved.
Ilia rtcommindations hare been
and the consequence has been a
the number of vagrants applying r t
stance, on the first of Jul, Ist%.
13.714 regatta : whilst on s
1849, the number cf applicants war. 3::!y
a decrease of 8,052, or 58.7 rer cent., an
relief for which the lauded interyst ouglat t
ful to Mr. Betteles memory. The cecre
greater than that averaged in the Nliulan.
where Mr. tl,l.l..e.te's suggestions h.
thoroughly ailepted by the guardians and
supported by the poor-law inspector. In
there has been a reduction of 79 per c.
in-it cor vsgrants. and 71 per cent. in
door vagrants relieved. In Notts the reds
been 92 in in-door, and 33 per cent. in out-
Linc-In the decrease in those el-sses has re
been $0 per cent. and 43 per cent.: in S!att.
cent. and 89 per cent.: in the Etat Utah
83 per cent. and 97 per cent. And iii these
counties the average diminution . f regret
is no less than 991 per cent. Coneurrentl!
however been an increase in the number,
committed to gaol ; but to nothing like tl
the decrease in the numter relieeci.
above, the increase it. the commitments
cent. ; leaving a positive reduction of •
591 per cent.
hilst thus sueeeosfully contending. in
vagrancy, which was threateniug. in I%i
a large increase of local taxation, Mr. I 1.:
colleagues have been cautiously extend::
of emigration from poor-law seere.s,
rain
Teeter of workhouse schools, making aria;
the more suitable provision of pauper ch:li
ing to metropolitan unions, and extend:of
system.
With provisions so cheap and work 60 4.
they were. in 1819, it was to be expected
would be s redaction in the poor rates.
ingly, we find an expenditure of 11.180,7,
Lady-day, 1818, against 6,792,9111 i.
date in 1819,—a decrease of s:‘
cent., or of 71d. a head on t..ts
in England and Weikel of 15,739,000. I 1..:
turns of the poor rates for a series of y •
fluctuations will be found to ....rreepona
larly with the price of grain. As priees rs'•
ascend ; as they fall, rates descend. .11111:4..1::
ample, wheat fell from 108 s. in 1813 to .;s.
and 945. in 1813; so also in the poor nees thin
a decrease of 3 per cent. in 1814, and of 14 r
in 1815; in the three followirg years whes:
too the rates rose 9 per cent. in 1819, tll r‘t
1817, and 14 per cent. in tate. men Pe'
years of abundance, with five years of '
in 1829 wheat began again to get aborc. '
quarterand the rates to rise; while in the
years hom 1833 to 183 d there was a markol

:s

Tate.--unlr, however, to rive again as wheat
tte tollowirig years. la troth, nothing
w um& that local tamales is
• ratirely dependent on the oast of food;
• :1 c i holriot
fa Logiof protection giving the
•: • au, claim to shift the incidence of those
itt,;hena inia their own boas, the repeal of the corn
hp rraircd, in one particular, ail that the most
lac
free trader (Ter predicted; for it has
t ercl :be
it coot rates.
the ow, awn, the poor-law question has
, mar tarourable aspect. For though the
▪ et rater niw.l is sti:l enormous, that amount
be recollected is Wes by three millions stew.
woe in 1:43, and the population of Bog-
Watts has risen to no lass than neary, 1, if
anal,
te' out, PI miliitoas.

A contemporary. whose lore of Irish
was formerly Dot vary remarkable, has
4—••• bare: loth into eulogy of that titivate
wo. Ind Dicks by dint of atithmetie to
Ixrelleut are its says upon the earth. So
:t ...httistrc the propristois of the soil affec* ed
k r.vir 0021000 cause vita its saflttieg occupier*,
-2. . omitted no opportunity of holding
t"tx • • leer up to score. As the se:entific minuet
is indiscriminating and selfish in national
c. . vegan of the doctrinaires was Seer
'my class among the inhabit-
"l'l7 lrelind those designations whose
1a wont to stimulate the average
. met. The Irish gentry were deemed to
7. . , spendthrifts; the blab traders wets
o be wholly unworthy of bust ; all Irish
-tilts:mired as lokrot, ignorant, and
far .T# '•
'nation; and as Ur the labourers, it
tt gh the merciful interposition of famine
w" _ , Sbe W.;:t milkiest rapidity thinned

Means of antaisterce. Ite-land wu
d'arK • '•
ared state, for economic experiments,
wars- • .
~fore that tended to protract tail caper-
••
;,Lee of its :do occupants was not
„ .„ et Le and mosey, low a wanton impedi-
•:••o a it. the way of improvement 03 philoso-

-•
• •
I—N zer. 43 ert• mean to insinuate that the end ar.d aim
C:, :ottremperary is changed. On Vie con-
rirr t.r:r are in the :ecture—for its dimensions far
•: : ordinary 'cape of an ar:icle—to which
et..ulant proofs of the fidelity with which
, . •re o: Celtic exirpation is adhered to. The
a d amusing unveil which call, for notice is,
• ism.eo being no longer instrumental, and state
zri.; being for obvi.ms reasons an expedient not
eue,..q:`.: of, 50 better resource seems at present
:-.ln the old-fashioned method of landlord
ts.on. Bat in..smuch as VAs notable
his been earned on intermittently for
esttit twenty years without reducing the
o: Lumen stock to the desired paucity, new
is sought babe infused into it, and the practice
.re !• to be widened into a syrem, and dignified
air o: being founded on scientific principles.
co:tr.l.us daily record the events of the social
tar ist carried an in almost every part of Ireland
usir..: the peasantry. We yesterday gate the cruel
cf the two last raulas perpetrated in Munster
;re ....rya a village in the county of Clare, in
v. ••• .-tiolst houses were revelled in one day,
r the r Inhabitants, 169 in number, cast out upon
ral; the other upon a district comprising
:-:wt.lnds in the north riding of Tipp_rary,
four hundred and seventy brown
sere eradicated, and their humble dwellitgs

G

..414
1::C.

i:. ..

the ground. Thr only remark made by
:1: narrator of the scone it, that the landlord
to get rid of nosh holdings and to atnalga-
ma:* :arms." Not a word about resistance to his
Not a hint regarding the amount of rack.
rizt due. Not a sentence even scousing the victim
g..::tude of having incurred the suspicion of agrarian
cmbization. The landlord wan merely en improving
vp:ietor—one who only acted up to the philo.sophic
ti..rories promulgated in the Ermomist : a man on
wi.ae betughtedeonl—Hibernian by accident of birth
at: possessions though perchance he rosy be—the
of the gospel of clearance hath broken.
D.) we exaggerate ? Far from it ; we own our-
P.vte wholly Incapable of assuming the imper.urb-
i:..e air of absolute wisdom and isecratable hence°.
Ate* in which our contemporary sums up the net
rallies of the last campaign against the Celts. The
d.miantion of farms under thirty acres is vaunted as a
cone:usive symptom of national progress daring the
year ending August, 1849 ; " and the next rt,
which may be expected shortly to appear wile
believe, exhibit a still greater change in the same
direction." Then follows an axp.sition of the ethno-
logical anti vonoinlcal rationale of the extirpation
sad re-plantation scheme.
The gworal rale, • saiversal admission and appreeistioa
of the womb of which WPM to es 1-..lopeesable to a conticn-
act, of Irish progress le this :—Wtertrsr the Irish are so
s.t..a:ed, either by the subordination ol their !whim, or by
is-.awe., in ansabers, as to Mks the ton. from those above
them and wound them, they niemed. Whercrer they are so
!sr Caaiimat, either in witsbers or hi atnoe, as to overpower
such
.twavis elements of amendment a, may have settled
=mist them; or where they are without a strong, large,
and promiasst admixture of snob foreign saperlwitier, the
fa..g.s. a their race prevail, 514 they sink raridly is social
cat.df.tio.

Then is nomis•ake about the meaning here. This
Is almost the CURL cry over again. The Irish fanner
is toed f3r nothing in Ireland, because Ireland is
wanted for somebody elle, and he is in the way. The
IraL latourer may do well enough for a boimau in
otr bc..eit.ge, or a stoker on our railways, for there
Li is in a p)ction sufficiently " subordinate;" but in
Inland he is one of a popalation not easily " over-
plwerei by foreign superiorities." and therefore a
=Are o3stscle to improvement. If he would bat die
it.y on the shelterless roadside, or in the pestilen-
t workhouse, he would do the doctrinaires the
gt.r,st favour in his power. Next to that the most
t ...-...lsrate act he can perform is to scramble.
Ls- or whither they care not, out of the
t.attry. taking with him, by way of via-
ths assurance of t'.e Economist that he

tt.r Te better as an onte.st in some other land

„ ....... _
p ::::on of thorough "subordination,” than he is
rer . kt.y to be allowed by " foreign superiorities" to
do is. Lis own. The crusade is avowedly against the
ne.s. It is to be rednud in its own lard to "a
amcnty." I.7ctil it be, the new plantation can make
tAtiti of it u a F.yicg concern. We should think

We denounced this infatuated project when first it
via promulgated; and we shall 124111• T cease to do so,
aa mi as its advocates have the hardihood
t. reiterate their feeble attempts at concliating
•t .%pyirt of it any public toleration. Oar first duty
war brethren in Ireland is peace; our un-
-4 desire regarding them is to en them enjoy
' tray a-A happiness in their native land which
'noun. But there can be neither friend-

tr.l.
ire

tOrpermanent prosperity for them,
a: •., te great mass of the people are made to feel
am:At:tag :.ke ucurity against covetous aggression ;
It'd the very irles of such security is a dream while
ay.se.; or,rne of government are suffered to'
prec:Cm euvh view', aims, and intentions as those
vre Lase alvered to. How long will It be
et Mist delchents threats sad _ theorise of

- -
tztemnation are forgotten in Ireland ? And
"Le they are remembered, who but a fool can ex-
pqrelsr contentment, tranquillity and coati-
Talic of Englishmen of capital adventuring
at t'Le I:lichees and improvement of (states among
'People who are insultingly warned that a deliberate
Parsee* is on foot to expel the majority of them from
the lead that gave them birth! Why, if tr.'. there
Ins a davits antrieed by perverse ingenuity to mar
itrteaal and noieeleie influx of Esglish wealth,
latti-tvhce, tad eoterpriee, into llreland, not to sup-
P•,ml, but to bec-ime a new graft tapln an ancient
Mock—this insolent seetaeo is seek.

irt-rxptnta-DIUDGII,..-- With our
brA, o .000tedge of beidee hisileling, present int-
im us suppose that a
Lou '45 .se Gs coistrueted at Westminster, consisties of dr@
c;": mil, each 'best 1001 wt wide, the piers of granite cir
eir:ally durable Mese, the arches of well lemma
1-toer sheered *eternally with ornamental cut iron of suit-
a.,•• Gothic &lien, and well misted—such • structure night
1.4 ade VII
taet beauty et design. and of entatient don.
tt, Nest l enturies. silt • little outline, repair ; ite
11;.:4C.TUVAi •oold Lr meted anything of the kind in the
ftirrt sed its intro a ,nirraetioa night L 3 effected for
91,91,1. and completed in three years, while the stone
41. the peo.e at bridge would amply repay the espies* of the
Illy,t.ry me, which would a
beid 1/4 nquisite while the new
1". 6eldiart. That e, or this description would
4 skit'. (limper and lighter than one built entirely canton
salty and more datable then a etupention bridge,
ton tee ltt no doubt ; ani it a plan similar to the one here
ixe.ited were adopted. it inlaid, effect considerable saving
Le path,,( looney, end adorn Lnadon wilt a novel end
aeuNialeteasten,_7Ae theihisir.