The Express.
London, England, 1850-08-31 00:00:00

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extent to which it thus identifies so teeny
elfin great Littered. of the coast
Tour, sines he Minimise WI hi-
gamily ism the oecialian of w toile Macs.
Use amidships forms dit t.__ jewel exoeptilliedis
page is American stub, and the troubles to whish
she has since given rise abed rub, if mob were
WUft, that 'Miss as well as individual' are
amenable to the law of moral retribution. In the
eirenenstuess atteadiog her admission, Texas differs
widely from her slater omernonwsalths. fib was the
first abd the only state which, previously. to Mat
admission, occupied a position at once sovereign asd
independent. All the others, with the exception ef
the old thirteen, which united together betas they
were either sovereign or indepoodeat, have bees sec-
oterively carved out of territory already in tn. poems.
aloe and under the control of the Union. Texas was
already • state before she entered into the Usios as
one; her amnion to the confederacy having been
the result more of • treaty than of an act °loon/rem
She has not forgotten this, and although eke lays no
formal claim to any privileges not shared by her as-
sociates, she (IN quently acts as if the circumstances of
her alliance with them gave her • title to eccentricity.
Her present pretensions, if not the boldest, are cer-
tainly the most dangerous, that she bee yet pre-
ferred; and taxless withdrawn, or greatly modifi
threaten to involveithe Union in the most dreaded of
all calamities—the arraying of the general govern-
ment in an attitude of farce against a refractory mem-

bee of the confederacy. -
The history of the dispute now pending between
Texas and New Mexico is simply this : Tees., after
her separation from the Mexican republic, claimed the
Rio Grande as her western boundary. To this claim
she adhered after her annexation to the United
States. Mexico continued to resist the claim, and, as
most people remember, her doing so was the
main canes of the war between the two re-
publics, which was began in 1846, and termirated
so d.sastrously for Mexico in 1848. Mexico claimed
both banks of the Rio Grande as far eastward as the
Nuecn, as being part and parcel of the department of
Tematilipar. Texas claimed both banks of the
Nneces as far westward as the Rio Grande, not only
as part and parcel of the former department of Texas,
but by virtue of a treaty entered into by SANTA ANNA
d ratified by the Mexican congress, after the deci-
sive battle of San Jacinto. The debateable ground
was the strip of territory between the two riven, the
dispute respecting which, after the annexation of
Texas, rested between Mexico and the Unite! States.
General TAILOR, in obedience to instructions from
Washirgtoo, occupied the territory, veare!Jing his
army across it as far as the Rio Grande, on
the left beak of which he took up his position
directly opposite the town of Matamoros. The events
which followed an still fresh in the public recol-

'action.
The present is a boundary. question, and the game
I:ne, that of the Rio Grande, is the line in dispute.
Proximately, the differenoe is between Ter-we and
New Mexico, bat the real parties to the controversy
are Texas and the general government. By its con-
duct in 1848, the latter committed itself to the Rio
Grande as the western boundary of Texas, having
made the alleged validity of the Texan claim to the
river its main ground for their attacking Mexico. It
doe. not, therefore, now lie with the general govern-
ment to dispute this claim, nor does it dispute it. The
question now between the parties is, not whether
Texas is entitled to claim the Rio Grande Ili her
boundary, bat how far up the river she is
justified in claiming it u such. Her own
pretensions carry her to the remotest sources of the
stream, the Texans claiming the whole of the left
bank of the river as theirs. Had the territory
through which the upper stream flows still remained
Mexican, the probabilities are that Texas would have
enlisted in her behalf the sympathies of the Ameri-
can people, when the course before the general go-
vernment would have been plain and easy, viz., to
bully Mexico out of the territory claimed. But al-
though Mexico still possesses Use watern bank of the
river for a considerable distance upwards from its
mouth, she has patted with both banks of its upper
waters. By the session of New Mexico, the whole of
the Upper Rio Grande was transferred to the United
States ; and the dispute now being between a state
and a territory of the United States, public
opinion in the union is divided on the
subject, and the course of the general government
beset with diftleulties. Had Texas from the first spe-
cifically claimed the whole of the Ri i Grande for her
boundary the question would have been simplified.
She affirms that she did so; but there is a difference
between a mere vague claim and one positively,
'poly, and constantly asserted. The admission of
bar claim would tanager to her the whole of the terri-
tory. the centre of which is the important trading
port of Santa Fe. It is notorious that not only after
the independent*, but even after the annexation of
Texas, Santa Ft was treated as • Mexican town, in
which was resident an American consul, whose busi-
ness it was to watch over American interests. A
mere vague pretension on the part of Texas can be of
no avail against this fart The town and territory
became American, and not Texan, by the subse-
quent transfer of New Mexico. The people of
New Mexico, both Spanish and Anglo-American, are
indisposed to admit the pretensions of their ambitious
and arrogant neighbours. They claim for the terri-
tory of New Mexico, the boundaries possessed by the
old department of New Mexico. Texas sent commis-
sioners to Santa Fe to support her claim, and to
endeavour to get up a sympathy in the disputed ter-
ritory in her behalf. Bat they were coldly received
by the people, and peremptorily informed by the
federal officials, both civil and military, on the spot,
that their claim would be regarded and treated as
inadmissible until congress had decided upon it.
Texas, therefore, threatens to raise volunteers and
take military occupation of the district The general
I government meets this threat by notifying its trite's-
tion to resist any such attempt. until the matter Is
belly set at rest by the only competent authority.
Such was the policy of the late administration, sad
ample evidence has just been furnished ns that it is
Mr. FILLMOItee intention to follow in the footsteps
of his predecessor.
Such is this ugly dispute, which would have been
selleiently serious without being blended, as it is,
with other questions of greater difficulty and mac
comprehensive range. A. similar dispute gave rise,
many years ago, to no little bloater between the states
of Ohio and Michigan. On that occasion, the rest el
the Union looked en unmoved, there being no prim
leiple of general policy at issue, and the matter was
left almost to adjust it.elf. But there is far gnjst
danger in the present dispute, backed as the pedals
it are by the two great parties into whisk the net::
is divided on the subject of eleeery.
Nude% as a territory, has repudiated amity. Gni
will soon be admitted into the Union us
this state. Texas is a slave state, and as sok bet
ems is taken up by the slaving party, ,wits use
anxious to curtail the limits of the free territory, by
ezteedieg those of the slave state. The anti-slavery
party, for obvious reasons, discountenance the preten-
-411011 of Texas; and thus it is that a dispute, which
might otherwise be OM amicably settled by the
feenisdiate parties to it, as would that be-
tween GOILEAN and the Bishop of EXETER,
V bit to their own resources, is fomented
said rendered more dangerous by
.more important
parties in the backgrund, whose =tenets are in-
volved in it. Should the crisis arise which every
friend of the union is anxious to avert, this divided
state of public opinion will greatly embarrass, if not
paralyse, the general government We trust the pod
sense of Texas will avert the calamity, but certaW it
is that the slavery question lass assumed se other form
• or aspect halloo perplexing or perilous as this Tex
.oh dispute.
No

TEN Lai HMO Or HOLLAND'S PIOfI7IIIII.—A
large umber of valuable gelatin., bought by the Xing&
it Ilietioist the sale of the lute Xing of Holland's Oleg,
at the Wipe, have sashed bra vowel frogs ens of the Dalai
prate es lemma to the .awing of the mite paramour.
Pawns ox no lona PROVIDINT loauers.—
Os %low lost haws litehae4, the tete WIWI, it go
Mahn Miele if this misty, whew ewe bee bees mined
to en ewe then ISO weisidea la the Bre IlliallllllSi
hie tall ansiastios et the Tewn-hall, Maeda& whoa
be woe to take Ws trial et the essisse as two same
of krgisg awl No esebenelentent, After /MO ihessiin
as re edgdgagg die mewl IS ball, the Chairmen said the
batik would inguire two sureties of lOW. emit, earl himself
la the NW soh in Ma of the forgery eons wad two
egreelso NM. mad MENU in 6W. en each Marne if stabes-
dem* seise often to be ghee to the proeiteties. Th.
Omer. who did set sees to be greatly e fleeted by his
spoke a weed throughout the
was ibis lain away la custody. It is an-
d:2lSat die suede whisk the primer gm as sallie-
S AI Mils sun to the moiety.