The Express.
London, England, 1861-11-04 00:00:00

THE GO'

AND THE ECCLE-

!MASTICS.

The Official Gazette of Turin publishes the
circular of the Minister of Grace and Justice
to the archbishops, bishops, and capitulary vicars
of the kingdom, of which some account has been
received by telegram.
The circular, which is of considerable length,
commences with au allusion to the hostility which
has been shown to the national movement by many
members of the clergy in various parts of the
kingdom. The forms which this opposition has
assumed are described in detail. This con-
duct is described as causing confusion in
the state, and is declared to be contrary to
the policy of the church in past ages, which
has been to adapt itself to all forms of
government, only requiring the free exercise of
its spiritual mission. The King, it is urged, has
never stretched the prerogative of the civil power
to the injury of the church, but has simply carried
out reforms which have been effected in other catholic
countries. He has no more ardent wish than to see the
respective limits of the two powers clearly defined
and observed ; but to realise this the church must
renounce every species of temporal domination.
The Minister then impresses upon the archbishops
the duty, in the interests of the catholic church, of
keeping the clergy within due bounds. The
circular concludes as follows :
The undersigned cannot refrain from declaring that if
the government of the King in firmly resolved to pre.
serve to the church its lawful liberty in the spiritual
order according to laws, and even to enlarge it in the event
of the realisation of desired results, he will never permit the
clergy, however high their position, to participate in pro-
opedinp whichl are in flagrant opposition to the national
government, which lead to contempt and disobedience of '
j the laws of the kingdom, and which contribute to trouble
I in any way the public order. la cases en which a somber
of the clergy shall make nee of a religions proSiszt
1 to excite the population to attack the institutions of the state,
or to prevent the execution of the larrs,the government of the
King will be obliged to have recourse to the severest
measures. The undersigned relies on the prudence of the
very reverend archbishops, bishops, and capitulary vicars
of the kingdom, who will assuredly fire to the clergy of
their diocese instructions which will result in putting an
end everywhere to such a deplorable state of things, sad
remove the unfortunate opinion that the greater part of the
' clergy are either openly or secretly hostile to the
' national government. Certainly the neselsridanding be-
tween civil and religious society was never more
necessary than it is at the present time, and this to protect
, the great principles of justice, order, and morality of

which the present geossation has so much more need that
the changes in which it has taken part have been rapid,
great, and extraordinary. If such an understanding were
disturbed, the consequences would be of very short
duration and perhaps Irreparable; but a terrible responsi.
bility would fall upon the authors. The King's govern-
ment has taken, and will continue to take, the necessary
measures for preserving so salutary an understanding. It
will suffice that the ecclesiastical authorities concur on their
part with that wisdom and promptitude which are required
by the importance of the subject, and the conditions of the
time.

AGRARIAN DISTURBANCES IN VENETIA
A letter from Vicenza (Venetia), dated the 21st
ult., gives an extraordinary aooount of • rising of
some peasants in the country round that
city. Instigated by the clerical and military
parties, and preeoeded by • yellow and black
flag, and uttering cries of " Long live
Austria," and "Death to the Landlords,"
masses of them took possession of the fields
and farmyards of the proprietors. The event has
delighted the Austrian general, to whom the pea-
sants have represented that their landlords are
hostile to the government. "Some persons hope,"
says the letter, "that the government will inter-
fere, but the greater number of the inhabitants
fully believe that this affair is but a prelude to an
event like the terrible revolt of the peasants in
Gallicia, which ended in the massacre of the land-
lords to the benefit of the government."

THE SUPPOSED PRIVATEER IN THE
MEDITERRANEAN.
(now (ma ows ooasserovronr.)

MALTA. Ocr. 25.

Official information was received yesterday morn.
ing from the United States consul at Messina, that
a very auspicious American three-masted schooner
had been for several days cruising in the Faro,
without communicating with the shore. She had
a very large number of blacks on board, and there
is good reason to believe that she is a rebel privat3er.
This news has caused great excitement, as there are
a great number of flue American ships engaged in
trade with Sicily, Malta, Smyrna, and the adjacent
porta.

(lIZUTCR'S

TURIN, Nov. 4.

The Opinion of to-day says : "Diplomatic
documents on the Roman question will be com-
municated by the ministry to the parliament imme-
diately ou the opening."

PARIS, Nov. 4.

The Paris papers of to-day announce that Signor
Rattazzi will prolong his stay in Paris until Sun-
day next.

THE OVERLAND MAIL.

The Bombay journals of October 12, which have
come to hand this morning, announce the resigna-
tion of the government of Bombay by Sir George
Russell Clerk, and that the resignation has been
accepted. His excellency, in consequence of indis-
position, intended to leave Dapoorie for Makab-
leshwur in a day or two.
Mr. R. Temple is to be the chief commissioner of
the government paper currency, which comes into
operation in January next.
Telegraphic advice* from all parts of India con-
firm the hope that the country will escape the
general visitation of cholera which was so much
dreaded. In Kandahar, 8,000 persons are stated
to have fallen victims to cholera in 18 days !
Lord Canning, it is stated, will not leave India
till the beginning of March next, when the six
years' term of his office of viceroy shall have expired.
Her Majesty's regiments in Bengal, whose speedy
return home is said to be certain, are the 6th, 73rd,
75th, and 83rd.
A report of the Military Department for 1860-61
on the reductions in the native army shows a reduc-
tion of more than 61,065 men of all ranks, and a
saving fully equal to one crore of rupees. A large
reduction iu the native cavalry is under considera-
tion.

The government of India have granted lands to
the native commissioned and non-commissioned
officers in their respective villages, whose services
have been dispensed with in consequence of the
reduction in the native army.
The Military Department of the Government of
India has published a report of the military re-
forms of 1880-81, which gives the strength of the
European army as follows :

_
ilatcs or ler Mar, 1860.
Effective strength. Cost.
Calcutta
Madras 15,003 .. 1,65,36.300
Bombay
Total 81,228 .. 8,93,50,800
Paoroaro Funs! Eicat.s.
Calcutta
Madras 15,161 .. 1,66,77,100
Bombay

Total 73,586 .. 8,00,:4,700
The fixed strength of 73,586 is 7,577 more than
Lord Canning recommended, and 3,677 more than

Mr. Laing promised in his budget speech.
It is stated that important changes in the
Indian navy will shortly be carried into effect.
Orders have been issued for its reduction to four
ships for transport service. Vessels of the royal
navy will perform the work of the Indian navy
ships.
The trade of Bombay, as appears from the re-
port of the Commissioner of Customs for 1860-81,
amounts to more than thirty-eight millions ster-
ling, showing an increase of 2,700,0001. over the
year 18.59-60. This large increase has been wholly
in the export trade.

The Bombay Chamber of Commerce has memo-
rialised the Secretary of State for India on the
subject of the alleged undue advantages afforded
to the Manchester Cotton Company to the preju-
dice of private enterprise for the production of
cotton in India.

By electric telegraph, commercial advice§ up to
Oct. 9 had been received at Bombay. The sub-
stance of the telegram has already appeared in our
columns. By way of the mail the Calcutta dates
are to October 1. The Englishman, of that day,
says :

Our market. have shown less activity during the put
week ; this may be in some measure ascribed to the
accounta received from all parts of India of the fearful
fall of rain, and inundations consequent thereon, of which
full details will be found in other columns. The brisk de.
mend for Manchester cotton goods, which we reported in
our last issue, has somewhat subsided, notwith.
dandle' the very limited stocks in the upper
provinces. There can be no doubt that buyers
are induced to hold off from the fear that any failure in the
crops, from whatever cause, may greatly influence the de-
maid for these goods in the agricultural districts, and limit
transactions considerably. That there will be a partial
failure in the harvest is Lower Bengal, caused by the mai-
tinuous and heavy rains, which up to the hour of oar writ-
ing have not at all abated, we have no doubt ; but we do
not expect that the same cause will materially affect the
crops in the upper provinces, and should the wet
weather crops partially fail for this masa% we
may (ally anticipate an abundant harvest from
Chow raised in the cold weather. The native dealers,
however, are easily alarmed; and an unauthenticated sad

improbable bazaar report will frequently have the effect of
staying all transactions and of causing a sudden rise or fall
in prices, for which current events offer no warrant. We
may, however, safely anticipate increased activity in our
import market, when the real state of the crops is placed
beyond doubt ; till then, constant fluctuations must be
looked for. There is a'lao • marked falling off in
export., as a glance at the returns will show. The same
cause which has affected the import trade hu influenced
the exports ; the alarm created by an imaginary failure in
the harvest has afforded an excuse for holders of country
produce to increase their prices. Saltpetre is still in demand
for America and rice for the West Indies and Eastern Colonies..
Upwards of 100,000 hides have gone forward to London
during the past week, but beyond this, we have nothing to
report, our markets having been well nigh inactive.

The obituary includes the following names
Captain Ord, her Majesty's 3nl Regiment Native
Infantry ; Lieutenant E. P. Pakenham, 52nd
Light Infantry ; Lieutenant W. J. Surnan 27th
Inniskillings ; Lieutenant Stevenson, 14th Batta-
lion Royal Artillery ; Mr. P. W. Blake, Assistant
Engineer, G. I. P. Railway ; Mr. George Smith,
Assistant-Surgeon her Majesty's 34th Regiment.