The Express.
London, England, 1850-07-11 00:00:00

WIDIIIIIDAT
As ofiloiel infinities hes just bees published, to
the effect the the Lords Oommiesiosors of her Mils&
ty's Treasury have certified to the Commissioners
for the Relation of the Reflood Debt, in par-
wanes of the 10th Goo. IV., a. 27, sic. 1, that the
actual imrpili revenue of the United kingdom of
Great DAM and Ireland, beyond the actual expen-
diture dose% Ise the year ended the sth day of
Aril,lBllosgsstuded to the soot of 2,538,5011.18 x. 4d.
The Opmeheitimers for the Reduction of the Na-
tional Dobt#v• modes that the sum of 634,625 L 04. 7d.
gelieggioeste-fesrth part of the said surplus of
lk 111 e. 4d.) will be applied, wades ths_pro-
videos ef the NM act, between the 7th day of fitly,
1850,.4 the 10th day of October, 1830, to the fol.
lowieg relent, :
To be opplail Or lbw pavane of deck . 634,625 9 7
Add Mom soisteabie ea seanhat of &ma-
dam sag bequests, to bo applied to the
papaw ot .sock 3,787 3 7

£638,41213 2
At this, the seoond day of the indigo sales, 1,128
chests paned of which 88 were withdrawn 120
bought in and 920 sold. The Isles to-day consisted
chiefly if 'ins marks of Bengal. la prices then was
se alteidstior yeemeday's MPS befog fslly seppereed.
Letters from Warsaw speak in the most satisho-
tory terms of the result of this year's wool fair, a
branch of trade which contributes as much as any
other to the welfare and prosperity of the landed
interests of the country. The yearly produce of wool
is estimated at about 60,000 cots., the greater pert of
which had been previously disposed of by contract
concluded on the estates by the Silesian dealers sad
brokers. The consequence has been that only about
10,000 cwt. of the " entire " clip were brought to
market at the capital where the annual wcol fair is
regularly held. The whole of this was soon disposed
of to the Silesian, Belgian, and Liefiand dealers,
the preference being given to the middling fine
qualities, which formed the gr, ater part of
the assortment. The prices obtained in Prus-
sian dollars for the Prussian Centime were 45 to
52 for ordinary, 54 to 60 for middling fine, 60 to 70
for fine, 75 to 90 fur superior floe, which is an ad-
vance of 4 to 6 dole. upon last year for the middling
fine and fine, but foe the other qualities the prices
were the same. It is stated that, owing to the high
import duty, Hungarian and Austrian wools cannot
compete with the Polish wool, and consequently
all the wools sold at Warsaw are sure to be of native
growth.
Smyrna advices of the 24th June state that the
arrival of the Sultan had caused almost a total sus-
pension of business, the transactions being compara-
tively unimportant. Toe crop of opium had already
commenced in several districts, and promised to be
abundant. It was expected to yield
Ivabove four thousand chests. No price had yet been
Heed for the drug. About 350 bales madders had been
taken at 205 to 235 p., reducing the disposable
stock to 1,000 bales. The crop had already com-
menced under favourable auspices. The crop of cot-
ton was concluded, and several small parcels bad
been taken at the improved
.price of 270 to 275 p.
Wool was firm, and sold as is arrived at 200 p. for
second, and 300 p. for first quality. Valonea was
quiet, but good commanded 60 to 65 p., whilst
other qualities had been disposed of at 45 to 55 p.
In manufactures nothing was doing. Of coffee
1,000 bags had exchanged hands at 750 p., with 4
per cent. discount. Exchange was quoted as before,
with little demand.
Odessa letters of the 26th June state that the large
arrivals of grain had given occasion to extensive
transactions both for export and on speculation, and
during the week nearly 40,000 chet. wheat had ex-
changed hands, at rather improving rates. First
Polish was quoted 221 to 23 It., and first Sandumirca
the same; second, ditto, 19 to 22 It ; second hard,
171 to 20 R. The disposable stock was estimated at
30J,000 chat. In other grain and linseed scarcely
anything was doing. The exports during May were
to the Mediterranean 59,177 chat. wheat, and to
England 53,097 diet wheat, and 4,915 chef. licssd ;
—the former in 31 vessels, and the latter in 20
vessels. No fresh supplies of wool have come
to hand. Y.C. tallow could be bought at
1080 to 1090 IL A great many charters
et Greek and Austrian vessels had been effected
far Marseilles, and two for Hamburg. For Great
Britain, two Austrian vessels had been taken up at 7e.
and 7s. 3i. per quarter for wheat, and two Sardinian
to arrive at Bs., to land at Odessa or Bertsch, and
10s. per qua-ter, to land at Asoff. Exchange on
London 2165 to 2180 ; on Marseilles, 1171 to 118.
One of the most interesting items of intelligence
brought by the recent arrivals from the United States
is the news that the committee on roads and canals of
the House of Representatives in congress have made
a report, and introduced • bill, by Mr. Robinson,
their chairman, earnestly recommending the adoption,
of Mr. Whitney's plan for the construction of • rail-
road across the American continent to the Pacific
Ocean by a northerly route ;—• scheme which has
already met with notice in the Express. The
importance of the subject induces us to take a review
of this official paper, of which a useful summary is given
by the New York Lout ter. It opens with a statement
of Mr. Whitney's labours as pioneer in this cause, and
of his successful efforts to collect information, and to
awaken public interest on the subject, more especially
with the legislatures of the different states, no less
than twenty of which are stated to have given their
suction to his plan. " The committee think," as they
say, " that such individual enterprise and success are
not less worthy than calculated to inspire public con-
fidence in hie fitness and ability to consummate a
sebum which he has so vigorously conceived and so
well matured ;" and atter expressing a decided refer-
nee to his plan over all the others as yet submitted,
they proceed elaborately, and after, as it
would appear, a thorough investigation of
the subject, to set forth the claims which
the scheme presents to be adopted, and to be put in a
train of immediate execution under the express autho-
rity of law. The grand objects of the enterprise,
commercial, social, and political, are stated with great
clearness and force. The committee express their be-
lief that Mr. Whitney's is the only feasible plan under
Fuels circumstances, chiefly for three reasons :
First, because the great parties of the country cannot
be induced to unite on any other ; next, because, as
they think, it is the only plan which provides means;
end thirdly, because, in the opinion of the committee,
it is the only plan which, if executed, can be sustained.
The first of these reasons is enforced by a conside-
ration of the state of political parties, one of which, the
democratic, is opposed to government works of this
kind, whilst the whigs are afraid to risk it as a gene-
ral issue. It is assumed, on this account, that a law
of Congress would not be passed for the government
to take the onus of this work upon itself; or even if
it should, that the strife of parties would cause the
scheme to fail. The second reason, based on the con-
sideration of means, is elaborated by the committee,
who proceed to show that the plan proposed by Mr.
Benton and others, to rely upon the proceeds of the
public lands, besides the constitutional difficulties
which it presents, would prove altogether inadequate;
and next, they express their conviction that the loaning
of the public credit to a company, even though the
road should be constructed, would in the end prove a
'failure, from the necessity of taxing transport so high
to pay the interest of the capital, that trade enough
M support the road could not be found. Moreover it
is averred that the objections to this second mode are
boo formidable to be surmounted in congress. But
Ike Whitney plan, the committee demonstrate, pro-
poses to find the means of constructing thorned In the
increased value of the lands through which it passes,
so that, instead of borrowing, it mutes the means by
its own progress. As a consequence of this creation
of means, the necessity of taxing transport to
meet the interest of the capital invested
is superseded. and no toll will be demanded beyond
what is required to keep the road and its machinery
in effective repair. By the operation of this great
principle of the plan, it is claimed, not only that the

vast United States trade between the Atlantic and
Pacifies will pus over this line, but that all the trade
between the United States and Eastern Avis, and also
that between Europe and Eastern Asia, will take
this route. Is addition to this, the committee urge,
u not less evident, that by reason of the 'sine easy
transport across the American continent, the ex-
changes between the United States and Asia,
and between Europe and Asia, will be ang-
mented on an indefinite and immense scale; and that
the great balk of the trade between the industrial and
producing nations of the earth will be carried on by
this read, on account of the great economy, not only
of distance and time, but of the price of transport.
The distance saved between London and China by
the Whitney railroad, as compared with the voyage
round the Gps of Good Hope. is about one quarter, gh•
and the time saved about two-thirds; the economy in so
the price of transport can at present be scarcely de- toli
wanted. The diskettes saved by the road between
New York and China is nearly one-half, and so
the time saved aboat four-ffiths. The effect of "
such economy in drawing trade on the line, se
the committee urge, must be apparent to
all. The various objections to the plan submitted to to
them ars considered by the committee and answered ton,
with great fairness. They regard it as a "moral at..
certainty" that, as the progress of the road will carry et.
a market along with it, it will also Anwrimuotirsat
settlers front the surplus population of Europe, and in
also front the states of the Union, sufficient to answer 12
all the purposes of the plan, and create the capital is
required for the consummation of the enterprise. si
For these and other reasons put forward by them, the 10
r committee recommend the immediate adoption of Mr.
Whitney's pile, and that the bill introduced bepassed
i into law for the accomplishment of this great design. 50
23

THIS DAY.
Two o'Crucx. 20
The market for the home funds is rather flat 22:
this morning, and prices are at present quoted
/ lower than they left off yesterday. Consols opened g-
at 961 to I, ex div.,wentdown t096/sellers for money, 2s
and, after returning to the opening price, are at this ID
moment called 96/ tot, both for money and the 17th IA:
inst. Business has been done in the Three per Cents. so
Reduced at 97/ and ! ; the Thres-and-a•Qaarter per i0:1,
Cents., at 98/, 99, and 981. Long Annuities, exp. Co
sth January, 1860, at 8 5 16, 1, and 1 ; ditto t
30 years, mama date, at 8 and 8 1-16 ex div. Bank 100
Stock marks 211 and 212. 17
Exchequer Bills of all sizes have been bought ra
at 70s. prem. India Bonds have been negotiated at 121
87s. and 90s prem. so
161
The foreign investments continue neglected. Only tit.
every small number of operations have been effected, 2$
and these have given rise W no change in r,
the quotations. The following comprises the le
entire business of the morning : Deitch Two-andie HO I:
per Cents., for the 16. h July, at 571 and / ex div.; so
exchange, 12 guilders; ditto Four per Cent. Le
Certificates, at 881 and 89. Equador, at 31. Maliollll, ;
at 30:i for money, and 30 and I- for time. Peruvian IL
H
Four-and .a-alt per Cents., 1849, for aceount, at 811. 111
ENGLISH YUND9.—Tins DAY. Bt
Hunt Mock. 211 12 3 per Mc... Acc..Sl . 9
3 we Ct. Red. Arm.. f. 71 1 3l Por etc 005 3
3 tot Ct. Coo. Aiwa. shut. Esebsourr 1tti1v.674. to 704. 000
FOREIGN FUNDS.
t pat CC Iluotrlost Hoods. • 1 pot Ct./31.00MA Sic. 131 19 121
44 per Ot Nis. n0tr10.9.) 3 i .truirda Defermi Mc. 4 1 so
21 per MEL.— . A per Ct. Mei. WA., 34 1 84.
Ct. 11=111aa eds.. 92 2 .6 per Ct. Parariau Its.. all 21 23
sper
Ditto Sm. 06 91 renames Cow.. 334 41 20
6 per IX Mennen. Alm 07 9 5 tor C. Row. 101...11., 12 10
Ditto Clam 064., W 101 CM* drooWl 11.1,.. 17t I pt.
1/Itto Golsonic Oa Mac.... 13 pot Ct. ttpeatah 1ia1..0.4 1 50
Colutabisa Ivirlor Be.. 35 1 Do. Demo' I4IA , 40
3 per Cc Dllllllll Wk. 711 RI Mot Plows 14.1..,31 4
21 partel. Data 10.1 c. 67 1 , 2.per Ct. Yeactuds Ikts., 32 5 30
4 tor lk Dotal Oink. tiri 1 I t ownetis Defarred 5c10..12 13 20
16

MINCINO-LANE.—TIUS DAY. ii
to
Sucien.—Tbis a'tiele continues dull. The sale of Porto 8,
Rico went off at rather lower pries,. but the qualities were so:I
not generally good. The Havannalo bought in for want of le
buyers at previous pric..s. It II led remains unaltered.
Correa —Tbs public sales ars going off heavily, but the Ft: 1
imp 'Mere are beyiag is keel', to support prices. 20
Tza.—This article c'ntinuts to wear an upward appear- g
Inc., and tbere is eviden ly a disposition to buy for invest- 3
sent, founded on our stock end the large deliveries, limb 81.
for home consumption and exportation. A large amount of 3
business has been done the les; few days. Common to good D.l
common Cvnsou quoted Id i I. to Ild. 23
Corrox.—Tbis article continues in large demand ; on iyi
'Change to day 2.000 bales went off at high prices, and a 2o
good demand eaters by private contract. IS
SPICSI4 rensata steady. If
INDIGO continues to sell briskly in public sale, at the late Silo
advance. fii
In other articles no material alteration. •
eis

TALLOW MARKET.—THIS DAY. to
m
Quiet eontiaues the prevailing characteristic of the mar-
to
kat. Prices to-day_ are quoted as follows : Town Tallaw, to
385.; Petersburg Y. C. on the spot, 361. 91.; October to 20
December, 375. 91 ; Oc•obcr to December, reparate 30
months, Us. 3d. 25
12

SMITHFIELD HAY MARKET.—THIS DAY. l
Messrs. Cooper and Davis report the supply shorto lo
at the following quotations :—Prime Meadow. 745. to 80s. ;
inferior, 655. to 701. ; new, GU to 701. ; Clover, 735. to
; new, 60s. to 725. ; Straw, 245. to 30s.

23
THE WRATIIER.—BARNSLEY, JULY 10.—We have 50
had a week of continuous wet weather, which has in a great St.
measure put a stop to the haymaking. We had a regular 2
slaking afterncoa on Tuesday ; to.day we hue had a fine Tt.
day for hay, but the weather still sprees unsettled. 93
FALMOUTH, JULY 9.—This morning a small phial
was picked up out of the water eau to the pier; it was ei
coated with seaweed. The cult and rcund the neck were
well sealed with red sealing-was. At the top was an 20
premien, partly oblit, rated, and at the bottom was one en- SO
tirely perfect, as if very recently fired, both representing a 20
bird with open wings', and a letter in its bill. The bottle
20
contained a cork, and a pizee of letter paper, of bluish hue, 3
on which was written, apparently in huts, the following 3
words: "Brig Camperdown, off the coast of Guiana, 111 90
p.m. Blowing a heavy gale of wind ; leak in the vessel ;
working at pumps; Copt., Thomas; first mate, James;
se-
cond mate, Richards. Jaw. 2, ISIG. Not expecting to see ;
land again ; water gaining fast." The writing is fresh. 33
Ths bottle, supposing it, as stated, to hare been wafted from 90
off Guiana, in the West Indite, has been four years and 20
six months in its course. It is somewhat singular that its 20
wsy should have been directly to the chief landing-place of ro
this port.
COTTON FROM JAMAICA.—The following letter was
laid before the Chsmber of C mmeree on Thursday, in
connelion with the sample of West Indian cotton submitted
by Messrs. Csm,bell, Antler, and Co. :
TO TIM CHAIRMAN AND MUNCH. Or rue LIVRAPOOL clu

Gentlemen,—Eletrising, a* your dots, a (catering Care
over commerce generally, and more immediately over the trading. in-
tweets of our colonies, we feel assured the accompanying sample of
cotton, grown in Jamaica. will not be uninteresting, accompanied with
a few remarks as to its culture in that island. The question of lust int.
however, In the present 'date of our West India colonies
Is
ttrialt7now, not only it cotton culture more likely to be carried out by
those unwilling to do the more severe work of sugar cultiration, but the
w.men and chi Wren too can mutat ially waist in the weeding, pick-
ing, he. la our West India Wands the cottol plant Is perennial.
blosioming after the spring and autumn rams, and yielding
two strecessive mops in June and December; and net only
so, but the @brut., torn I of being annually replanted, as
in the United States, might therefore be pruned down to
much adrentage fur at least these sucesiske years; the light
moll abounding along the mar, 1110“Ortr, I. WIT favourable to Its
growth, and the most seseral Mita% dry weather during picking
KOMI, can generally be retied on, and,of course, there isnose of that
grilling from frost, ke. Thessalia now sent was grown
the nummseighbottrhood of King'ton, Jima's. front New Orkere, seed
and hand-picked. It has Men examined by sacral cape rienced
brokers, who all pronounce it ranking up to New Orleans • fair!
worth 74d. per lb. today; bat from amend known bets, we expect
the Egyptian, Brood, and Surat reed will adapt itself better to tro-
pical culture. It must then be the desire of every well-wisher of his
country, that cotton cultivation should be eneoraged In our West
India paragons when the discouregirg state of sugar production is
Dorm in mind, to say nothing of the higher consideration of doing all
we can to promote free labour pro Weil of any kind, and we feel a..
awed them la much In the power of your chamber to recommend it
generally to our community. It is also a serious consideration to a
manufaguring country like Brit do to be mainly dependent en one
source for the supply Mauch a staple.
Yours respectfully,
_ _ _ CAMPBELL. AnNorr, and Co.

literpool, July 1,1150.
P.&--We have Met heard of the arrival in the totted Mahe of
one of oar Jamaica blends, determined to iambs a practical know.
bolo Mastitis mature, which au.mrs well; and we may mention,
moreover, that we are Importing reed both from the Surat district
end Egypt, to encourage our West India htends.—C. A. and Co.
FIRE IN Edina. Information was motive(' in
London this day that a serious conflagration took plane last
night on the estate of Mr. Hewett, fish salesman, Fisher-
street, Harkin, Eisen. It originated in some thatched
buildings, bat of the cause nothing was known. Messengers
were sant for the ratan engine, which was of .Bestirs tar-
si." being ably worked by the inhabitants and pokey. The
fire woad kw two hours, when the Hawes were tabloid, but
the tow is very large to the buildings attacked. Mr. Malvin
is Wand an the ltval Eaohange•o®se.