The Express.
London, England, 1850-01-15 00:00:00

THE EXPRESS, TUESDAY EVENING, JANUARY 15, 1850.

THE
MANUFACTURING DISTRICTS.

THE BONDING SYSTEM.

MANCRIIITIII, JAW. 14.
There have been few privileges which the people
of these districts—or at least the pennon of them engaged in
trade—were gem aeons to &nal* than that of inland
bonding. Ater years of unremitting importanity, it was at
length wrung frees an unwilling government en the wadi-
ties that it was paid for ; net paid for by the
whole , es all other seals= establishments
ere—set paid fee by the whole dieldst, whose members were
to pertielpthe In the adesaMgee of snub a hen; bat, by the
mopeenties of Meembither. amthiglies, It may be sot
unreMenably supposed, was @sly Wang hthia expectation
that it never would be submitted U. There were
reasons for estopting such a gemelsenhie ben, at
that time, width, hoverer., no Main exist. There
was then a duty of au eighth of a penny per pound on the
great staple atthde of our trade, math ; said thin were duties
on many ether sstlsles which life Robert Peers revision
of the tan sertpt_away, and which, bad they continued,
would hew Maid the emperation to r.pay themselves for
' the sapiens of • mime establishment by • reasonable
abuse upon banden. It Is obvious, however, that whilst
the expenses of the most petty mamas eetabliebsente in
the Weide. were paid for out of the taxes of the country,
in a large and populous oommunity like this, when •
redoes establishment is greatly needed, and only an act of
bustles, the payment of sack a bonbon out of the-
ocrats funds could never be looked epee as more than
• temporary expediest. The mews's body themselves
never looked upon it in any other light "Let the govern-
ment ready see that we extensively avail ourselves of the
•Avastages the establishment often," they add, " and they
will remove the burden from our shoulders." They will
my, " the experiment has been tried—has proved that the
privilege of bonding was really needed, or the warehouses
at Manchester would not be preferred to thaw at
Liverpool; and now they have a just claim to be placed'
on the fooling of other ports"
Nn one can my that the corporation of Manchester rea-
soned unfairly in suck a supposition, but still it is to be
regretted that the experiment has not borne out the argu-
ment. The people of Maackeeter have availed themselves
year after year more extensively of the pri,i'ege, bat govern-
ment remains as obdurate as ever as to putting their esta-
blishment on • fair and equitable beds. The customs
receipts at Manchester for the year ending on the 5.11 ea'
the present month are 319.3351., *pleat 249,6687.
for the
_previotia year, being as increase of
f 39,6621. There could not he a str neer proof
that the traders of Manchester value the privilege, and that
the compubion previously of large mereantile establishments,
rush as wr have here, to keep goods under b tad at • port like
Liverpool—thirty miles off—was felt as • great hardship and
Jamie. faience.

The corporation, however. are resolved not to submit to
the injustice of a tax of 3.0001 for an estsbii•hment which
the, are justly entitled to without payment, or on the um*
terms as other oommunities have these establishments,
I-neer than they cm help it. They are pursuing
•h•ir application to parliament for the repeal of
that part of the at for bonding in Manchester which im-
poses the cost of the establishment on the corporation, and
a draft of their bill has sits say been lo lied at tha private
bill ram in London, the panting of which will be pushed
with all the vigour and influence they know how to bring to
h►ar upon the question. The cost of the establishment in
Manchrter, if psid for es other establishments are by go-
vernment, would not exceed one per cent. on the amount
cadence], which is considerably lees then the average, for
Manchester already rarks as the eighth port in the kingdom
in point of receipts, and the sixth with reference to the
number of entries.

MEETING OF THB PROTI
WARWICK.

Yesterday a meeting of the "friends of native in-
dustry " was held at the Court house at Warwick, for the
purpose Mite* expression to some opinion as to the course
to b. pursued in the *neuter session of parliament, with tle
view to mitigate the evil amiss from the operation of the
laws. PfIIpSTOWIT to the commencement of bad-
ness, the.. Omembiloi, to the number of about 200, primed
themselves by mom of a splendid dinner at the Warwick
Arm. tho Willa fa which were sold at 12* each. The
companyoniii handed the Hen. Bemis Perey (chairman),
the Bad ef Warwick, Lori Geternem, M P., Sir Charles
Geodriske. Bart , Mr. Spooner Y.P., Mr. Rowdiest/at,
Mill elf the principal landowners, and the
geotlomom Unser, of the distriet. It was Ultima four
o'cdock Mem the sloth was removed, at which hour Mr.
Moore, Ms mtMel meat of the protectionism, ushered into
the room mono sixty other Mends of " the mum" who had
dined amlailt pan of the building. The Chairman read
WM= agsdsgy Is,. a number of gentleman, amongst
theme mon emf lfrom Lord Brooke, 11. P., mumencino his
" unelhalme adltsden to the principles of protection,' but
that be wee prereated by Indisposition from attending.
There were an the toast list fifteen meats, many of them
of the usual ehareeter. TM mom noted ease were the
" Friends of Probsetio• fa the House of Lords," ditto " the
Roue Of Ceemseem" " the Protection Societies of Great
Labourers,Britain" " th"
Art. e Tenant Farmere," " the Agricultural
The wad loyal toasts were drunk after the usual fashion.
In proposing the health of Prince Albert, the Chai-
rman took occashm to announce that his royal highness was
the first farmer in Boylan& and in that capacity he sup-
posed him to be all teat Sir Robert Peel and Lord Wham
cliffs required: he possessed a combination of intelli•
pence, skill, and capital, end as he did not doubt but that he
was SR accurate book-keetw, hie royal highness must be as
good a judge as any of them of what the fernier could
do in theft times, and he was of opinion that
his royal highness would mom And that in spite
of hi skill, Istelligenes, and capital, he would and
farming an expensive amusement Perlteps like that rev.
experimentalist Mr. Bustaide, and the trader, Mr. mew,
hie royal Wellness would one day have mime carious confu-
sions to make.

la proposing the " Army and Navy " te. hon. CHAIR-
MAN expressed a hope that no niggard economy, no injudi-
cious interference, would be offered to cheek the organise-
don or the discipline of either of these branches of the
service, which had always been characterised for their
obedient*, courage, and loyalty.
The CHAIRMAN soon after roes and gave the toast of
the evening, " Protection to British Industry." He rejoiced
(he end) to see several of their county members present,
because from them they would hear whether they had reason
to be better reconciled, after the.' years experience, with the
great experiment of what had been called free trade.
(Hear.) And knowing that the farmers were, both by habit
and occupation, opposed to reales* excitement, be regarded
the large attendance of the farmers that day as a convincing
proof of the interest they felt in the proceedings in which
they bad been called to take a p tett be regarded it as a
proof of the conviction they entertained how much ell the
evils prophecied of the legislation of 1846 had been jus-
tified by the results, and how completely all the specious
promises made by Mr. Cobden bad turned out to be
fallacious. (Hear.) Mr. Cobden had been pleased te declare
during the tree trade agitation that with free trade the rents
of the landlords would be as high as they were under the
then existing monopoly, for such he was pleased to call it ;
that the re would be so greatly augmenttel that there
would be no necenity for poor rates, and that other taxes
w old be proportionably reduced. Such were the predic-
tions of Mr. Cobden, and be would ask how were those
borne out by the results? Mr. Cobden might have been only
an over-sanguine man, and only have been guilty of an
error in judgment in one particular ; if it were not so what
was to be said for his want of honesty. (Hen.) The bon.
gentlemen now said at A :lesbury that if the landlords would
only make a fitting arrangement with their tenaata all would
work well. Now, what was the plain meaning of this ?
Why, reduction of rent, which meant reduction of profit—
reduction of the home trade—reduction of wages—reduction
of the cemforfs of the tenant farmer and the labourer—au
'ion of the burthens of taxation, and an increase of
paverty and poor's rates. (Hear.) Mr. Cobden said that
the twelve millions of taxation pressing a :elusively on the
anteultural interest, was borne by the landlords, and he
asked the tenant farmer why they should seek to aid in its
removal. (Hear.) Was that fair or eenerous, or was it but
and a: ? But it wra not true. (Hear.) Were men
'o be. taught to be selfish enough never to assist these with
whom their interests were closely identified? (Hoar.) He
could not however help remarking that the speeches of Mr.
Cobden at Aylesbury and Leeds were essentially different in
tone : at the former he condescended to argue ; at the latter
it was all bluster and bell sus. (" Heat" and laughter.) But
this mach be would bay, that, as when Mr. Cobden offered
them his abstruse' they were not taken in by his cajolery,
neither had they now anything to fear (rem his threats.
(Cheers.) A right hon. gentleman (Sir R. Peel), to whom
the farmers once gave their confidence, had declared his own
convi-tion to have been tho result of the unadorned elo-
quence of Mr. Cobden ; now he (the chairman) tad no wish
t-, enter into a contest with the greate.tliHng example of par-
liamentary oratory, but he would say this that a more fr.volous
reaaor. fora greatening, he never heard of. (Hear) The right
hon. baronet to whom he had referred, had lately issued a
private circular to his tenant farmer*, but which by some
everaordinary breach of coefialence had been published in
every newspaper in the kingdom. (" Hear, teen," and
laughter.) He had been told that in this neighbourhood
that document had been regarded with feeling*, not only of
disappointment, but with those of a sterner character.
(Hear, hear.) There wag doubtless many who were disap-
pointed that, after the experience of three years of free trade,
Sir Robert Peel could o ly give vent to the stale cry—" in-
crease your skill and capital." (" Hear," mingled with
marks of disapprobation.) The fact was, the proposal war
as heartless it was impossible for it to be accomplished.
(Hear, hear.) There might be same present of a
more sanguine temp, rament than himself, but he,
fur one, believed that Sir Robert Peel would
never confess his error. There were two persons in
the kingdom who never could do so on the subject of this
free trade policy, confess that they had fallen into error, and
these were Mr. Cobden and Sir Robert Peel ; the first, bo-
nen he had received 80.0001. of the public money, and by
wafering ea error would acknowledge that he was • shallow
impostor, and his admirers shallow dupes. it. Hear" and
laughter.) Sir Robert Peel hed been the instrument by
which a great party had been broken up—a party formed
expressly to resist great oraanic changes ; the evil of that act
could not be estimated in our times ; and it was, therefore,
too much to expect that the right bon. baronet should de-
el ere that he had been guilty of an error in judgment.
(Hear.) Where was the new pledge of Mr. Cobden, that
with free trade the is:ICONS tax would be given up, and
poor rates scarcely needed? Had not the honourable
gentleman, indeed, as slots as he had obtained his
free trade sesame rot up a new agitation for financied re-
form—(hear)—thereby adding a new and • bitter ingre-
dient to the cup of disappnintment ? (Hear., Our army
and navy were to be reduced in the face,of a foreign policy,
cot that of the whig government, for he would do them
justice in that particular, but of Lord Palmerston, who had
interfered where interference was unjustifiable, exciting the
people of different nations to insurrection, and then abandon.
ing them—conduct which had brought down on this country
the contempt of the surrounding nations. (Cheers.)
Our prospects at the commencement of the now
year were gloomy enough : our colonies disaffected,
the shipping interest abandoned, and ruin and misery
at home. (Hear, hear.) And what had been the
cause of all this agitation, but as attempt to force
by law, where we could not by other means, oar goods on
reluctant foreign markets (Chien.) And the only resource
for the people of this country we, in this reaction, which
was not factitious; his belief was, the people were sick of
nostrums and quackery: that by union and strength the
agricultural interest would again rate it head, and gather
under its shadows, as before, a loyal and • contented people.
(Cheers.) He for one will stand on the principles laid down
by Lord John Russell in his letter to his constituent. Let
the home producer be placed in a fair position with his
foreign competitor. That was the Janne the British farmer
demanded; that justice, if they stood fast together, they
would obtain; they asked no more, and would be contented
with no less. (Cheers

The Earl of WARWICK acknowledged the toast of the
protectionist peers, an, and strongly advised the egricaltaral
interest to unity.
, "The Prorectioniat Members of the Rouse of Ciannims,"
and " The County Members," having been toasted, Mr.
Newdegate, Mr. Spooner, and Lori Guernsey, M.P.,
responded.
Mr. NEWDEGATE, who spoke first, wu proceeding at
the tints OUT reporter left Warwick. The bon. gentle-
man said that the object of the protectionists would undoubt-
edly be to place the agriculturists on a proper equality with
the foreigner and the manufacturer, so far as pro-
tection and taxation were concerned. (Cheer.) Re-
ferring to Sir Robert Peel's second letter, he said,
with much apparent indignation, that he had no
hesitation in declaring that the offer to lay out 20 per
sent. in Ssaprovements was made upon a rental 10 per cent.
higher than that of landowners adjoining Sir Robert Peel's
property ; and moreover the right hon. baronet was offering
to do no more than influential landowners of large property
bad been doing for years. (Cheers.) Sir Robert Peel's
wane of proceeding was else in his opinion prejudicial to
the baronets of tenants.
The meeting was passing off gird humonredly, as might
biLezated alter the excellent dinner which preceded the

Enasrux.—Etir It. Peel's adviser in agricultural
setters, is Mr. Josiah Parkes, and not Parker, se printed
in the wand I•ader in yesterday's paper.
-

- - -
Tun DEPRECIATION QUESTION.—The heavy de-
grade on the relation and skill of arthwers, in the oanetrue-
don of railway works, clarion past yes= have left but Utile
tints for Ur devotion of their egerglea is the improvement of
the nuahanical and garneedel wedrinsof the thee. Aft wide
11•14 is, bOYMPT, now opera he themes= of professional
skill and ability, Is perhisting the anplioations of tractive
power, and all the meabigery of railway plant ; and it ray
be rearnably expeoted, list the irpee thas storied
to railway earapaniso, of the With= ongineesiag
skill of this °wintry to boar up= thane Sthighelle me
oily produce
iineleseathe renerY haltkplianwot,ridairbut leeadzPlasiCto fathead"
lualmoriaents in the construction and sainteames of the
dosinigable Pula of the (earalled) " =' lsonad
thus set
at net the garter of —a
which is now felt to be al almost vital importance to railways
as aa isnotasaL—Mr. Ct,kV. Inargnaai dame at Po,-
_

i,W,Wia;4-ZWOTEW4-ii4giww%

THE LONDON COAL TRADE.
(Prom the GrimAsed thowver.)
The official accounts of the ooal market for the plat
year having been published, we are enabled to lay before
our readers some account of the coal transactions with the
metropolis for several years pee, with a view of showing not
only the magnitude of the trade itself, but the magnitude
also of the conteibutioaa which are levied upon It, to.the di-
rest prejadiee and injury of all the interests eng,ged in
it :—aud all of them contributions which, if not capable of
total abolition, are at any rate deserving of it.
During the last year ill* re were imported into London
3,339,148 ions of coals end cinders; and in the last month of
the year. 358,760 teas.
The delivery of coals is December, 1849, was 274,643
tons, which 'weeded the delivery of December, 1848, by
31.2:48 tons. The delivery of the whole year was lees by
179,643 tons than the year 1848 ; but it was in excels, es
compared with an average of five years, to the extent of
100,483 toss.
The fol.oring details of the importations during the
month of December will show the relative importance of
each coal district:
ships. Teas.
Newcastle
Sowteriod
theekkac, Mideneribroegi:Bertispecil. air- 304 ... 14,440
birth
Lotlend
Wake
Yorkshire
Cade,
.»931

1,1111 364.730

Moro.
As, however, a Wails month or • single peer's transactions
afford 'illative ao swarm ft estimating the actual importance
of any great branch of commerce, we proceed to give an
account of the importations into London during the las.
eleven years:
Tear. By sea. Na
13,933 By Inland _ Total tom.
...
1639
... 2,636,136
1544
1841
1841
1843
1644
1845
1846
1847
1641
1819
Total
-. •

Now, let us see the amount of tares levied upon this
great wares of national proeperity during the last elevens
years:-
1. The Light Duties. We have not the number of shine ;
but, taking the average of the last two year., the 32,291,781
tons of coal must have formed the cargoes of about 133,870
vessels; and the light dusi•s on such veer is wou'd average
about 31. 17s. each. Tne light duties, therefore, which have
been paid during the last 11 years by the *kith shipowner,
must have amounted to about 133,870 vessels at 31. 171. each,
615,3991.

2. The Landon Coal Market Dues. These, at a peony
per ton, would amount to 134,6611.
3. The City Du:s. At lc per ton, the City has levied,
ler its Streets and improvements, 1,614,7391.
4. The Factors' Commission. This is a charge existing
exc.usively at London :--and silting, not by any fault of
the lectors, but as the noteral MIMIC of on ill.organ'esd,
cumbrous, and antiquated system of commsr fat intercourse
between the producer and consumer. The :actor's chary,
we understand, is 4.1 per ton. Tatre must have therefore
been paid, at this rave, not less than 538,2461.
These tour items alone feria a Iv a= total of 2,802,9451.,
exacted from, and tamely submitted to, by the portico—coal
owners, coal-consumer., and oh.powntre—whose common
interest ought to have tiered the moat incet sant .ff,at aid
undivided exertion for their total and immediate abroga-
tion.

Why, then, is such an evil telt. sited ? If the csnapetition
of the foreigner :s tt tee considered to of a character hostile
Is the interest of the Bilt.sh shipowner in the foreign trade
(in whist alone the competi. on is to eels.), hy. does the
British shipowner submit so q.or tly to the ecisapefi ton of the
Trinity light-taxgatheier, the City taxgatterer, and
the Fecturage tasgatherer, in tl at branch of trade
which, by act of parl. anscht, is secured to him ega.ust
the comp. ii.iou of the foleigne: f Why the coalownershuuld
keep so quiet under such an incu'ent, i• is impossible to con.
calve, save on the ground that its weight is such a. totally to
prevent the slightest effort. lon is removal. Nei.ber it. the
apathy of the coal-coneumer—and of the philantimpists
whose care (or the poor is so provcrhisl—to be more easily
accounted for. Coal is a necessary of life—a tiecowary the
want of which dntroys, so .ure.y and as extensively, it is to
be feared, as the want of food Limit Ev..ry tax sods to th
difficulty of obtaining it—every reduction 4.. f expense it. 1..
transasi-sion from the pit to tilt fire-grate reduces that ditfi-
culty—tnereby creating a comfort tor, and in many, very
gassy cases, unquestionably prolonging the existence of, 'he

What are your Chambers of Comentrro about ? what your
soup kitchen prow tees ? lour needleeromen prohcturs
your emigration director.? AU the intentions of "ergo in-
slaw ioneond indieidusis are pod cud p-aiseerorthy and ea-
cellent in the ea rents. Bu. why a 4 oleo ogi•eau or the
emsmripatian of the poor Inn& the f.:al consequences of do r
fuel, and wr the extensim to the humb:er classes of a bles
sing which the fevounrd on. s have it in their power t.) poe-
sess—the proverbial biasing, we mean, of en Englithman's
fireside ?

FOOT RACE BETWEEN A LORD AND A WEAVER.—
For an..,e time previous t c h. 28. h o. December the sport-
ing portion of the inhatcPaut. of Cestledawson and its
environs evinced consideroble society for it. arrival, 11.1
day it was whispered was to dr tide the pedestrian capabilities
of a lord and a labourer in the neighbourhood. The foot
race .as nearly the whole theme of conversation. B ith old
and young, male and female, seem to be interested is it.
All fl eked to the scene of action ; all were afraid lest they
should be too late. Foot racing Is not a common occurrent.
I in this part of the coun-ry, yet, no withstanding, a great
many inn some pretensions to ruunieg. Though a rural
district, somewhat densely pc pule!, d, neither pedestrian
nor gymnastic exercises are much practised. We have
said that foot rating is uncommon in this part of
the country; n this instance It was extremey so.
No one ever imagined that a lord, who had been rested
in the midst of affluence, would be seen competic.g
with a hand.loom weaver, who had been brought
up in the midst of poverty. No one believed that such
would be the fact. Those who went to the scene of action
went in doubt, and were afraid they would be made toes
of; those who stayed away were afraid they would miss
the sport. However, 1 o'clock in the afternoon of the
oboe, mentioned day convinced those who had must 1111
courage enough to go to the domains of the Right Hon.
G. R. Dawson, that they had not gone for nothing. The
Dawson@ were galloping up and down seemingly all in life.
Other gentlemen, of no less note, were doing the same,
and seemed equally interested. Shortly afterwerde. the
two pedestrians came out in full uniform. His lordship is
about 5 feet 10 inches in height, slender-liniNed, ligh-ly
made, and about 19 years of age. His countenance is very
frank, and, upon the whole, a very likely looking person to
take such a thing in hand. James Keenan, the weaver, ie
about 5 feet 5 inches in height, proportionately built, about
40 years of age, and has a wife and six children. The length
of the race was eight miles, and the stakes 51. each side. His
lordship backed himaelt,and the Demons backed Keenan. His
lordship had on a pair of well-made white pantaloons, wash
leather pumps, and a yellow jacket. Keenan ran in a pair
of white drawers, barefooted, and a blue jacket. Before they
commenced, his lordship asked Keenan if he would run
first and he would run after, each of them running against
time. To this Keenan replied, " Since your honour has
engaged to run against me, I would rather that we ran
together." " Well, DU run with you," was his lordship's
reply, " You can commence first, I'll Rive you the start."
So Keenan commenced, and after he had got a start of
about six yards, his lordship followed, and ran in a scientific
manner, keeping his arms well up and his elbows close
to his side. It is evident that his lordship is better ac-
quainted with the theory than he is with the practice of
running; he ran gracefully, but did not get over the ground
quickly ; he seemed to have a notion that there is as much in
the look of a runner as there is in his speed. This was, as
Franklin has it, " one of the errors of his life." Keenan,
on the other hand, seemed to be better acquainted with the
practice than he was with the theory. He ran with his
arm hanging down and quits looee, but he was well ao.
quainted with the art of getting over the ground. When he
had run two miles (which he did in 12i minutes) he was
about a quarter of a mile before his noble competitor ; so he
(lewd Lurgan), thinking it of no use continuing the contest
longer, gave up when he had run about two miles and a
quarter. Keenan, however, ran on, making the second two
miles in 134 minute' ; the third two he ran in 14 minutes;
and the last two in 134 minutes; running the eight mils in
534 minutes, amidst the vociferous cheering of his friends
and acquaiiitances.—Con lisle l'atriol.

CRICKET Os THE ICE.—A novel and interesting
Falai, was played on Wednesday last, en the canal resarwir,
in the shape of a match at cricket. The ice hying in beau-
tiful condition for the purpose, some of the mei:ruin of the
Carlisle Cricket Club determined to transfer their stumps
from the turf to the field of ice, for a little practice, on
skates, of their favourite amusement; and they accordingly
kept up a vigorous contest in this way for three or four hours,
The novelty of the scene attracted mazy spectators.
Carlisle ✓crawl.

ENTHUSIASM FOR PROTECTION. Mr. Jenkin
Thomas, bcoluolisf, and Mr. Roger Lidstone, ditto, h,,th of
them, as young Mr. Reshleigh, of Menabilly, used to soy,
"Stench but not bigoted conserya.iyee," have had two
copies of the Hs. tar protection petition lying on their
counters for signature for the last 15 days at least. That in
Mr. Thomas's boutique hod seals/al yesterday afternoon
actually 18 signatures, and that in Mr. Lidstone's shop,
where the clergy most do congregate, had 11 autographs—
that is 29 signatures for the two petitions, or nearly one a day
ter each.—Plyneorte Joustul.
THE WINTER IN FRANCE.—It appears that in
some of the districts of the south the cold is more 'wormw
than at Paris At Lyons on the 4th the cold was at 13 deg.
beim stro, though the day after It was 2 der. above it. The
Satins is covered in put with it. above Lyons, hut the Rhone
is net in any way affected tithe frost. Letters from the
department of the Ain state t the wuole surface of the
c..untry was so completely covered wan snow that the
birds and game o3uld no longer find any food. Hares have
been knocked down with sticks, and a partridge has been
soon perched on the top of a house looking for food. The
wolves had made their appearance aloes to the farm in
search of pray.