The Express.
London, England, 1850-07-05 00:00:00

SPAIN.

The Comercio of Cadiz says: "It appears that
ordain have been sent to England by the Spanish
government for the construction of two steamers of
500-horse power each, of the acme dimensions as
those which are now building in the dockyards here.
The ships which are now building here, or which
will be shortly commenced, ara a shi,, of 80 guns,
lanother of 80, a frigate of 50, a corvette of 30, 5
brigs, 3 schooners, 4 steam, rs of 5001orse power,
I 4 of 350, and one of 200. Such activity has not been
witnessed since the most prosperous period of the
Spanish navy."

ITALY.
ROMAN STATES.

Letters from Rome of the 220 d nit. state &at the
Leavy rains that prevail at present have caused tie
Tiber to overflow. The church of the Rotunda (Pan-
theon) is filled with water, and roars aro entertained
that the hay, and perhaps the core crops, will be lost.

NAPLES, June 24.

The Opinions of Turin says : A correspondence of
tha 24:h from Naples communicates the following
document, which declares officially the abolition of
the &canto : " Circular of the Minister of the Inte-
rior to the functionaries of the kingdom.—Order
having by the grace of God been re-established in
the countries on either side of the Pharo, his Ma-
jesty the King, our absolute master, has expres-ed
his will that all employh should take a new oath,
according to the terms of the decree of 1816.
(Signed) MORESNA."
According to the new oath exacted from the mili-
tary, they are bound not to belong to any secret sect
or uscciation.

GERMANY.

PRUSSIA.

A telegraphic despatch from our Berlin corm-
po-dent, dated July 3, confirms the news of 'he
signing of the treaty of peace between "Germany,
Prussia, and Ihnmark," which took place on the 2nd.
Tke treaty must be ratified by all the German states
within three weeks.

BERLIN, JILT 1.
In my letter yesterday, I referred to the aheratiots
in the tariff of the Zollvercin which are to be pro-
posed to the Zlllverein Congress at Cassell, by the
representative of Prussia, and showed, from an official
article in the Gazette, that the expectations which
had been enteraked of an alteration being made in
their chanter before they reached the congress, had
' entirely failed. Herr von der Heydt, the Min'ster of
Comm rcc ,and his colic agues are determinedto continue
their protectionist policy. The only change towards
a system of free trade, the reduction of the
total abolition of other duties in articles of food, as
wu proposed in the original memorial, has b-en with-
drawn. There is another document in circulation at

present, which,though its parent may not be officially
represented at the approaching congress, will never-
theless be discussed. I allude to the Austrian memo-

vial on ft customs constitution and commercial policy

for the Austrian and German states united in a cus-.

tome union.

This is the wood memorial on this

subject. In October or November last Kerr von
Bruck, the Austrian Minister of Commerce, pro-

. .
pounded the same idea in an elaborate and lengthy
despatch to the Austrian interim committsiocers at
Frankfort-on-the-Maine. That memorial failed in

producing the desired effect, for it was too generally
understood that it was but a sham, aid intended to
procure to Austria greater popularity for her political
designs on Germany. The present document is a
kind of commentary on the preceding one, and ex-
plains many doubtful points, but cannot, under the
present circumstances, bs regarded in any other light
than the former. The end which the Austrian govern-
ment has in view is not that which appears on the face
of this memorial. In every case however, it is only
just that the chief pints should be noticed. It com-

meoces with the following introduction :
Two facts must be carefully considered in solving the
(Neiman question ; they are the desire of the German nation
to obtain a closer union of its member', and the desire of
the Atter lAD empire to accomplish an manic political union
of its component parts. Both demands are based upon a
political necessity, the strength of which is equally felt in
both. The federal constitution, which is to be rrestabliehcd
must therefore equally satisfy both demands; it must can•
tam nothing which will render the political unity of Aurri_
impossible, or will hinder the fulfilment of the just demands
of the German nation. The alteration of the Bundesokte
of 1815 must be commenced and completed, therefore, from
this double point of view.
- -

Herr von Bruck, having thus asserted the two great
principles which ought to guide the reconstruction of
the federal constitution, proceeds to repeat certain
phrases which are to be found, as if stereotyped, in
every Austrian despatch on the German question.
The Austrian constitution of the 4th of March has
not disturbed the permanent historical relations of
Germany to Austria; an indispensable step to the
solution of the German question, is an Austrian-Ger-
man customs and commercial union ; a German poli-
tical union must be made a commercial one, and vice
versa, or both will be an untruth, a deception. The
existing Zillverein rests on a material and moral ne-
cessity, but requires • firm legal foundation in the
laws of the confederation. I will not trouble you
with any more of these truisms, which the Austrian
•
Minister of Commerce employs very extensively in
the memorial, but will at once state the conditions
which he requires should be included in the federal
constitution to procure their accomplishment :
Par. 1. All the federal states form a territory by similar
customs and commercial legislation. The exclusion from the
common customs' frontier of smaller portions of states, toge-
ther with the particular conditions of local regulations for
the benefit of trade (depots for bonded goo's. markets, free
ports, &a) ax. reserved to the federal power. The incorpo-
ration of neighbouring states into the German-Austrian
customs union, and the general regulation of their nets-
lions
to it must be effected by federal resolutions, which are,
however, not to abolish or alter existing treaties of this
nature.
2. Within the common customs boundary trade is entirely
free, with the sole reservation of the existing limitations
consequent on internal spurns of taxation or financial mono-
polies.
3. The regulation of import, export, drawback, and transit
duties is exclusively in the hands of the central federal

w
4. The central federal organ, in the execution of its powers
of representing the confederation in its commercial relations
will appoint consuls in foreign countries to represent and
guard the interests of the 'objects of each state belonging to
the union, and will further define the relations of the:consuls
of each state to thou of the confederation.
6. The central federal organ is alone empowered to con-
clude commercial and navigation treaties with foreign states,
which shall include the whole confederation, and be equally
binding in all the states within the union. Treaties of this
nature, concluded by individital states belonging to the
union, must not be is contradiction to the general treaties.
6. The central federal organ shall watch over and regulate
trade within the union, as well as the trade, navigation, and
traffic of the union with foreign countries.
7. The central federal organ shall possess the supreme
direction of all means of traffic, navigation, post•office, rail-
ways, and talinraphs within the union, without, however,
interfering in the immediate control of the same. The
marine institutions shall be under the direction of the litoral
states, who shall be empowered to raise dues for their
employment. These dues, which shall be controlled by the
central federal organ, shall not exceed the cost of maintain-
ing the institutions in question. The same principle shall be
acted up to in the river navigation and river dues, and ge-
nerally to road duet, the general regulation of which shall
he procured by compensating those states which must thereby
incur large losses.
8. The central federal organ shall superintend the admi-
nistration of the customs laws in all states within the
union, and shall control the fulfilment of all orders in refor-
mism as Mom
9. The net receipts from the common customs duties and
dines shall be divided amongst the states belonging to the
union, after the central federal organ shall have deducted the
matriculation quotas of the individual states.
10. The centred federal organ shall possess an advising
council on commercial and navigation matters. The duties
of this council will be the examination of the principles which
melt to govern the commercial policy of the union; of the
the impedimenta to trade and commerce in the interior of the
united states; of the commercial and navigation treaties to
be concluded by individual states, with reference to their
mincidenes with the federal treaties, as well as of the new
Melia tobe concluded by the union- the preparation of
=proposals, and explanations in all matters coming
us circle of its operations ; the representation of its
*Mem respecting the requirements and the condition of
trade and navigation, auxiliary institutions, and means of
trefa ; the proposiog of the persons to be appointed as fede-
ral commercial agents, and the ezpraseMn of opinion en all
cautions of commercial and maritime law, of coinage, mea-
sures, and weights. The central federal organ shall require
the opinion of the maned on all Batten referring to the
fixing of ensues duties, navigation and commerce, naviga-
tion and eauniereld trestle, and the appointment of com-
mercial repruentachwo
11. The *den' eweatil few navigation and commerce shall
oasis& of a superior erased, which shall be regularly roe-
vaned ones a year, and, In mass of importance, eau be am'
used at any time by the central federal organ, end of a 00111.
mines whia shall assist the central federal organ as a per-
manent board of advise. The latter shall pupate end

perfect the labours of the InperiA eouSell; sod sten erfi-
&weak, the selentifie inquiries advised by the former.
12. The superior souneil shall wicsist of deputies, the
major pact to be sleeted by the representatives of the indus-
trial interest', or by et ambers of c...mntema where they exist.
and the minor part to be appoiuti d by the government,.
Tee number of deputies to be appointed shall be regulated
by the commercial importance cf each sate.
13. The superior council shell sleet a president, vice pre-
sidents, and secretaries, as well as the memb. Ti of the com-
mittee, the latter so that !Lustre, Prussia, the Nerth German
Neural states, and Smith Germany shall l;e represented in it.
14. The central federal organ shall possess its • feces as
'uproot), controlling authority of trade, marine, and river
navigation, means of traffic, cuinage, weights and measures,
foreign commercial representation, emigration and colonisa-
tion, together with a statistical bureau and a customs con-
trol and audit board.
The above are the proposals which Herr von
Bruck's memorial c retains. They will doubtlessly
meet with supporter. in the approaching Zollverein
congress in Cassell, though they are as impracticable
in the present state of at as the political plans of
Aostriawith respect to the u:d ennfederat hat. In order,
however, to attempt their fulfilment, the memorial
contains a.propceal for a Z3ll congress at Frankfort-
on-the-Maine, but states at the same time that the
Austrian government is nut iLuisposed previously to
eater such negotiations with Prussis on the subject.
JULY 2.
In a cabinet council held yesterday, it was deter-
mined to persevere with the Erfurt Union. The
provisiorium, which expires on the le:t:e inst., will
must probably be prolonged.
Count Berustortf returns to his post at Vienna to-
morrow.
The Aber dpost was confiscated again last night.
Von der Pfordten, the Mi istcr lor Foreign Affairs
in Bsvaria, has confirmed, by an evasive answer to
Prince Wallerstein, the statement that Iso,varia ap-
plied to Russia, England, aid Franco iu February
last, to know how far those states would permit the
new formation of Germany to i..-oceed without inter-
vention.
The Grand Duke of Hessm I,as aptkinted irres-
ponsible ministers, as-uming him.eii the chief
direction of the government.
Basun, JULY 3. Voluetaiy 1.91111, 1041 ; National
Debt, hbb ; Commercial &Kitty 's niium, 1031; Bank
Shares, 98i.

VIENNA, Jvxe 29.
Great pro.arees is makirg with the new fortified
arsenal on the Wienerberg. When completed, it will
contai i eight separate barracks, and 20,000 men. It
corers 35 acres r f ground, and will be defended by
85 pieces of artillery. The expense will amount to
upwards of 10,000,000 florins .1,000,0001)
Trial by jury commences in the Austrian empire
on the let of July.
The Lew political organisation of Croatia and Sla-
vonia is disapproved of.
_ . _

The financ;il report for the first quarter of the pre-
sent year 1.a3 just been published. The income for the
quarter is ~toted at 44,959,-170 florins. and the expen-
diture at 62,021,721, leaving a deficit thus of
18,021,721 florins. Extraordinary supplies, by Lana,
remission of paper money, tic., have provided the
treasury at the end of the quarter with a sum of
10,76,5,726 florins.
VIENNA, June 2.—Piro rer Cent. Nietalliqwts, 961 ;
Four per Cents. ditto, t3l. B Srire... 1112.

FRANKFORT, JILT 1.

The relief which the vote of the 1 L11:e of t 4; is -
mons has afforded to Central Europe can only be
estimated by those who knew the extent of the con-
ga rnation produced by the vote of the House of Lords
on Lord Stanley's motion. The divi-ion of the peers
fell like a thunderbolt in th? midst of the gradually
settling down of the revolu.ionary eh men's, pro-
moted as this settling down had been by the conduct
of England's representatives in Greece and in the
' Levant. It is here no secret, the full importance
attached to the main question recently discuesed by
both houses. It is also a fact that Lord Palmnston's
recent policy had the effect of breaking tip a cabal,
han which nothing more monstrous or more fearful
in the result which must hare ensued bad nothing
prevented the effort from beir.g made.