The Express.
London, England, 1850-02-01 00:00:00

markets, the nature of the soil, the various growths for
which it was used, the amount of arsilable skill and capital
applied to it, and the infinite variety of please om the part of
the landlord and tenet. Math depended also es the relky
doss whisk existed between the landlord and mean% But
to the sentence which he had sheerly quoted from her
jelly's speech, in which she made quill allusios %the
owners and occupiers of land, there is added soother, in
which her Majesty states that it is a attune of sinews grafi-
isation to her to, wittier the increased enjoyment
of the mecessaries and comforts of life, which
*Moses and plenty hare bestowed cm the great
body of her people. It should be recollected
that there was an interest which wee paramount to that of
the farmer and the landlord, seemly, that of the peblis at
large. and the speechof her Majesty rightly seaweed the
ems that had been given to the great body of the people by
the increased enjoyment of the comforts of life whieh cheap-
ness and plenty had diffesed amongst them. But to reduce
the chief protectionist complidot and demand to its real
elements, he would ask their lordships what it was ? He would
not my that those who supported protectloo were really coo-
s/nous of what their real complaint conatitad in, fee he thought
that those who composed the sgricultural body were lot wore
'elfish than these who composed any other class, perhaps he
might say less so, because they were more intimately con-
nected with the community, and bad snore points of contact
with them than any other • but to reduce the isomplaint to
its real elements it was this, that there was too muck to eat
la the cosstry. (Cheers and ironical cheers.) %het did
they atesplain of as being the result of free trade, if it was
not that there was too meth to eat in the country ;
It was not that there was too much wheat from abroad ;
it it wee set that there was too great a cheapness, what was
it t He blow that it had been sometimes argued that the
abolition of protection would have a tendency to throw the
' lead out of cultivation, and that therefore, though they may
still °outings to import • greater quantity, there would not,
in fact, be • greater quantity to eat at home. Barely thoy
could not say that this was the ease at moist; they eftM
not say that they had beard of any considerable portico of
lead out of cultivation. II he was informed sightly, that
was a greeter quantity of wheat grown last year than wee
formerly the ease. Their experiments in that respect were
not yet totally discouraged; end he was able, on
good authority to assure them that there were
this year seventy-two applications for enclosures, whisk
was a greater number than ever before was made and
provided for 48,063 acres of land. Where, then, was the
matter of blame against fres trade, if it was ant that there
esse • large importation of corn from abroad ? Tnen the
marl somplaint resolved itself to this. They could bring ,
11111MlitiOli that free trade diminished their oanufac. 1
IBM that it diminished their trade ; they could not say that
It mitt est of the country • large quantity of hellion. They
needy complained of the cheapness of the home market,
and of the abundance of food. With reference to any tom-
plaint that may be made as to the wisdom of the policy whisk
actuated the goy/receipt in passing the measure which sir
dared the results which he led just mentioned, he would my
that there was scarcely a by-way in the rural districts (he wield
not allude to their large towns or cities) which could set
give • aselrauictios to the statementa upon which the pro-
tectionists founded their arguments in favour of•• change of
goo
eer than he (the Burl of Carlisle) would give
Vleadividlaal tensest te any such prop/miles for a cha,:ge
of rag. be would lay with trush that he would forfeit
that reek gad station which he held in their lordships' house.
Me hoped that 'hey would set renounce the policy that they
bed adopted. and that they would not leave it to be under-
stood in the country that they, for one stomasut, thought of
returning to the protections.: system, and that they would
give • positive, and, in point of number, as overwhelming
refusal to the proposition that had b. en made to them.
(Chem.)
The Duke of RICHMOND warned the last speaker that
the time might come when it would be fortunate for him to
be shore of his honours. To speak plainly, he thought the
egricultaral interest bad bees slighted in the speech Iron the
threw, which, ea he understood it, did not even admit that
the ageicultensts were suffering from distress. The noble
earl had talked of the cheapness of provisions, but had
emitted to my neythieg about wages, which had fairs ex-
suasively in some districts, is which hundreds of lab miners
were out of work. It was surprising to hear the noble lord
talk of the courage which their lordships displayed in timing
the hoe trade measures. It was noturtoss that their lord-
shivers it:fineness by as ti mt.ve—they yielded
is preemie from without. Let it not he supposed that
teidtural agitating would terminate with the year 1850.
farmers were men who, whim ogee aroused, would never
MOM exerting themselves until they obtained redress for
their hilusies. Every hustings in the country would be
made • battle-field on which they would ateodily, but with-
out vi .knee of language, state their grievances end demand
je•Lce.
The Earl of ESSEX, in explanation, persisted in calling
the eoeduet of their lordships, in passing the free trade :mea-
sures, courageous. inasmuch as they had no private reasons
tor adopting a court' which estranged them Palm their best
friends.