The Express.
London, England, 1868-06-24 00:00:00

THE EXPRESS, WEDNESDAY EVENING, JUNE 24, 1868

GALLERY of BRONZES d'ART, OARNI-
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Mr. D. Pwese for 18 years at 10. 81, Jameenetreet) ham the edam
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LONDON, WEDNIIBDAT, JUNE 24.

MR. CHARLES P. VILLIERS.

THE Right Honourable CHARLES PELHAM VIL-
Mita, who presides to-night at the annual dinner
of the Cobden Club, dm* so with an appropriate-
ness which is logically complete. He is the par-
liamentary originator of the great measure with
which the names of COBDEN and BRIGHT will be
ever avaociated. Years before the Anti-Corn-
Law League was formed, before either of the
great freetraders were members of the House,
before there was agitation out of doors, or the
faintest chance of success in Parliament, Mr. VIL-
LIERS struck his bold note of defiance, and moved
for the total and immediate repeal of the corn-
laws. This was in March, 1838. He had sat for Wol-
verhanipten three years, and by this course—if
indeed it were not a freak of eccentricity to pass
by and be forgotten—ho was thought to have
alienated permanently all that rising politi-
cians hold dear. That the promising member
of • noble and influential family, the young
speaker whose ability and readiness had already
won upon the house, the man whose future claims
to office might be considered assured, should
voluntarily jeopardise his hopes of gratified ambi-
tion, and trifle with his chances of becoming a
power in the State, was spoken of in aristocratic
circles as lamentable. The man who ran a tilt
against the land was jeered at as a new QUIXOTE
fighting windmills again. Such was the condition
of public feeling then that the Prime Minister,
Lord MELBOURNE, volunteered his opinion iu the
House of Lords that " he had heard of many mad
" things in his life, but, before GOD, the idea of
" repealing the corn laws was the maddest he ever
" heard of." The people of to-day cannot
realise the mingled horror, pity, and aversion in-
tired by the advocacy of free trade. But the
Teich in which Mr. VILLILItS originally brought
the subject before the Rouse was as bold and
mtspoken as any of those which subsequently
wrought a social revolution under the auspices of

the League. Admitting that no excitement was then
felt on the subject, he yet maintained that " of all
" the wrongs the =reformed Parliament had in-
" fiicted—of all the errors and injustioes of that
" body, the unrighteous laws which raised the
" prioe, while they limited the amount, of human
" subsistence, were the most shameful and inju-
" noes." His motion for a committee with a view
to immediate repeal, which was seconded by Sir
WILLIAM MOLE/WORTH, and opposed among others
by Mr. DISRARLI, who gratefully thanked the
House for listening to his brief and modest speech,
was defeated by a majority of 203 in a House of
395. Among the minority voting with Mr. VILLIERS
were Lord GEORGE BENTINCX, Lord JOHN RUSSELL,
Sir GEORGE GREY, Lord Moßnrrit, the Hon.
ARTHUR RINNAIRD, and Serjoant WILDE. Still
the landed interests and those afterwards fami-
liarly known as the monopolists, wore so strong
that all hopes of carrying the measure were laughed
at as futile. But from this moment the subject was
seen to grow. Mr. VILLIERS'S annual motions
became a stock parliamentary subject, and to many
people a stock parliamentary bore, like Mr.
BERKELEY'S on the Ballot, Mr. BILOTHERTON'S on
lute hours, or Mr. Hums's on financial re-
form. He was regarded as the mischief-maker
of the House. In the winter of 1838-9 a great
banquet was given at Manchester to all the mem-
bers who had voted for Mr. VILLLERs's motion
the year before. The Lancashire Free-trade
party heard their guests speak, and the
next day chose Mr. VILLIERS to take
the lead in Parliament on their behalf. A
few years later, when the League was in full
activity, and on the night when the now member,
RICHARD COBDEN, uttered his dignified rebuke to
the parliamentary ribalds who jested at his story
of the sufferings caused by the obnoxious impost,
be turned with marked emphasis to Mr. VILLIERS
and complained, with out-stretched hand and in-
dignant gesture, " that when the hon. member
" for Wolverhampton, for whose distinguished
" services I, in common with millions of my coma-
" trymen, feel deeply grateful, two years and a
" half ago proposed that those who were agitat-
" ing this question should be heard at the
" bar of the House, the House scouted
" and rejected his suit, and while denying him a
" hearing misrepresented his motives." But the pro-
posals once laughed at as visionary wore gaining
enormous strength, both in and out of the House.
Colonel PEYRONNET THOMPSON'S " Catechism of
Free Trade " converted millions of puzzled
thinkers into eager partisans ; and Mr. BRIGHT
was sent to join Mr. VILLIERS and Mr. COBDEN
in Parliament during the summer of 1843. Now,
it was that the League started its newspaper, and
commenced its monster meetings in London, and
Mr. VILLIERS presided over the second of these at
Covent Garden.

In his "Life of Lord George Bentinek,"
Mr. DISRAELI writes of the repeal of the
Corn Laws being "under circumstances of
" infinite difficulty, first and solely upheld
" by the terse eloquence and vivid perception
" of CHARLES VILLIERS;" and refers in the same
volume to the latter's ability in forming rapid
and sound opinions. The praise is appreciative
and just. The quality running through Mr.
VILLIERS' oratory is epigram tinged with
cynicism, combined with an enviable faculty
not merely of putting his opponents in the wrong,
but of putting their wrong in the most ludicrously
damaging light. To take a phrase, a definition,
or a principle used or professed by the upholders
of the Corn Laws, and after endorsing and ap-
proving it up to a certain point, to suddenly turn,
and, by giving it his own application, convert it
into a smashing weapon of offence, was with
him a favourite oratorical device. The battle
once won, the subject gradually became less
prominent, and, though we find Mr. VILLIERS
moving the Address at the request of Lord Join
RUSSELL in 1849, after being returned fur South
Lancashire, it was not until ten years later
that he had a seat in the Cabinet. Mr.
Cocnvi had, after due reflection and consultation
with his friends, refused the proffered honour.
Mr. MILLER GIBSON was already in the Ministry
when Mr. VILLIERS accepted the Presidentship of
the Poor-law Board. Public opinion on Poor-law
has changed as utterly since then as it has since
1838 on the duties on corn. The department
was hated, and its interference steadily opposed.
Its very existence was regarded as temporary,
and " Thank God! you won't be here to bother
"us another year" was a favourite parochial
method of meeting reproof. The Public Works'
Bill was originated and carried by Mr. VIL-
LIERS; and, under Mr. PaitaraLL, who was
created special commissioner for carrying out its
provisions, it effectually grappled with the
Lancashire distress. The abominable law of
settlement and removal was amended by Mr.
ViLurata's Union Chargeability Bill; and the
Metropolis relieved of a crying scandal and
injustice by his Homeless Poor Act. The
Sick Poor Association had his expressed ap-
proval, and the subordinate he trusted most
is said to be at this moment expiating in
exile the extra-official humanity of his chief. It
was at the first public meeting of this association
at Walls's Booms that Sir J. KAY firirrna-
woßru—no mesa authority—declared that more
useful measures had been brought in and passed
during Mr. ViLuxaa' tenure of office than at any
previous time.

But the election for the important county of
Lancashire, unsought and unexpected, and while
he was pledged to his own constituents at Wolver-
hampton, was perhaps the greatest public com-
pliment paid to the Com-law reformer. After his
election for both places the SPEAKER had to ask
Mr. Viumata whether he appeared in the
House as representative of the borough or
the county, and he replied chivalrously,
for the former. Wolverhampton had placed un-
bounded confidence in him before he was known,
and in his hour of triumph he felt bound to
his old love. The pecuniary testimonial it
was proposed to make him he felt it his
duty to decline; and at this moment the recogni-
tion he points to with the greatest gratitude and
pride is the spontaneous confidence shown him
by the constituency Mr. GLADSTONE represents.
Mr. Vux.rmus excels as an antagonist. He
hits straight and ho hits hard, and if any-
thing so unlikely wore to happen as that free
trade policy, or poor law reform, or Liberal
principles, wore assailed at the Cobden Club to-
night, those present would hear a better speech
than if merely conventional compliments were ex-
changed.

THE ARCHBISHOP OF YORK AND THE
LORD MAYOR.

TIIR Loan MAYOR had a lesson last night in
proper feeling and good manners, from the Arch-
bi,hop of YORK. In proposing the toast of the
House of Lords his Civic lordship " had no hesi-
•• tation in expressing his belief that on Thursday
" next the House of Lords, by a largo majority,
" would niect the Bill for the Disestablishruent of
" the Irish Church; " and added that " no one

" could for a moment suppose that the bill could
" meet with any other reception from that
" quarter." Mr. Alderman ALL= appears to be
gifted with an enviable oonfidence in his own pre-
science and infallibility. He has taken his side in
polities, and henceforth the prosperity of the
country and the fate of the Constitution depend
upon his views being carried out. The oon-
siderations to which ordinary men yield,
the opportuneness, the propriety, and the
fitness we all seek for the enforcement
of our opinions—cannot be said to restrain him.
Ho ie Loan MAYOR, and it seems to him a per-
fectly natural proceeding that in dispensing the
hospitality of the City in his official capacity, ho
should insist on foisting his private political senti-
ments upon his guests. The Archbishop of YORK
replied in a widely different strain ; and his speech
may be quoted as an example of what can be ac-
complished by a Churchman, a scholar, and a
polished man of the world, when suddenly com-
pelled to skate upon the ice. Ho has no notion
that a grave constitutional point can bo disposed
of in the summary and undignified manner pre-
sumptuously shadowed forth by the LORD MAYOR.
He anticipates " a prolonged and groat debate."
"My Loan MAYOR, you have assumed
" that, on Thursday next, we shall di-
" vide on a most important question. I think
"we shall not so divide." Above all does the
ARCIIBISHOr shrink from jumping flippantly at a
conclusion as to the result of the debate. What-
ever his host may deem in accordance with tlus
canons of good taste, his more dignified guist
declares that " as to the conclusion at
" which we may arrive after such considers-
" tion it does not become me to speak."
Dr. Tuomsott was happier still in the avowal
that he has no fear of the effects of either dis-
establishment or disendowment. " The Church
" of which I am an unworthy member," he said
finely, " does not stand upon a foundation laid by
" the State ; • • • and can only be really diem-
" tablishod and disendowed bybecoming spiritually
" dead." If the clergy approach the question in
this spirit they need have little fear of either
their religious authority or temporal influence
being diminished. The Anenntsuor ended by
expressing his deep conviction " that the House of
" Lords will not approach this groat subject with
" a foregone conclusion, without hearing
" what can be said on both sides," but, will, on
the contrary, give it " the calm and dispassionate
" consideration" its importance demands. In other
words and with all politeness, he condemned the
LORD MAYOR'S unseemly speech as hot-headed
and unwise, while striking such a lofty and high-
spirited note as his clerical brethren would do well
to follow.

M. LF.SSEPS will be one of the guests at the
great dinner to be given to Mr. CYRUS FIELD next
week ; and we may hope he will have an opportu-
nity of telling the assembled company his latest
views respecting the Suez Canal. The popular
opinion of that enterprise has undergone consider-
able modifications since Lord PALMERSTON
used to make it a frequent theme for jocu-
larity in the House of Commons. The decidedly
adverse opinions given by the late ROBERT
STEnizzesos and by engineers of eminence
since, are met by statements from eye-witnesses
who, though without professional knowledge,
are quite capable of deposing to plain
facts. The letter from Mr. Dmeiva.
LAItoE in this morning's Times is full of statistics
to prove that the canal will pay when opened, and
stems to pass by as already settled the comple-
tion of the canal and its practicability for com-
mercial uses. Captain luoLuFizi.n in the same
day'spaper, describes a visit to the canal in January,
1867, in company with Lord CLARENCE PAGET,
when they steamed up it for upwards of forty
miles, and when the whole party "had but one
" opinion of the future," i.e., " that if capital
" could be obtained for this vast enterprise it was a
" certain success." The Duko of ST. ALBANS
wrote, it will be remembered, to the same
effect a short time ago. On the other hand, mem-
bers of the English Institute of Civil Engineers
have visited the canal works quite recently, and
do not hesitate to avow their conviction that the
scheme can never be made to answer.

11, Sir ROBERT Nirrnt loft Alexandria on Mon-
day last, according to the Egyptian telegram, he
may be expected to arrive in England about the
6th proximo. If ho was at Malta on Monday as
stated in a Paris telegram, ho may be expected to
arrive about the 2nd proximo. If Sir ROBERT
reaches England by way of Frame, he may
be expected to arrive in England on the Ist
proximo or on Saturday next. We trust that we
shall now see a " day named " for the proposal in
Parliament of a vote of thanks to the distinguished
General and to the forces lately under his com-
mand.

OUR OONTEMPORARIB3.
(THIS DAY.)

TIM NOM OP LORDS AND TEI ntrur 471113111011.

The most remarkable among the consequences
of the debates upon the Irish establishment this session,
observes the nom, have been the extraordinary oonstitu-
tional theorise which have been brought to light. Lord
Redesdale seriously asked the House of Lords last night
to consider what would be the consequence if the personal
opinion of her Majesty were opposed to any dealing
with the Irish establishment. What are the safeguards of
our liberties if the views of our legislators on the working
of the constitution are thus vague and uncertain?
It MOM incredible that we should have to re-
mind Lord Redesdale that the Sovereign "can do no
wrong," simply because the Sovereign can do nothing
except by and with the advice and consent of the ministers
of the Crown. Her Majesty has consistently observed the
letter and spirit of the constitution, and it is impertinent
to apprehend any disposition on her part to depart from
it. It is for tho Queen's ministers to devise the legislation
appropriate to any successive conjunction of affairs. It is
for the Queen's ministers to recommend them for the
royal approval; and the suggestion that the Queen would
hesitate to adopt the advice of her ministers when sup-
ported by parliament is disloyal to the Crown and consti-
tution of these realms, whether it comes from poor or
peasant.

The Daily !sews confesses to considerable curiosity con-
cerning Madame Rachel's fascinating pursuits. It would
be interesting to know, for example, how long she has
played the benefactress to the plain and old, what led her
to engage in this single-handed combat with Time, and
what her pursuits were before she was inspired to beautify
the world. Assuming the statements put forth on her
behalf to be true, the process of plucking Mrs. Borrodaile
must have lacked the element of sport. She never held
a conversation with Lord Banelagh, yet believed he was
burning to marry her, and there is nothing in the evi-
dence to show that she has survived that delusion yet.
It was for the express purpose of solemnly repudiating all
knowledge either of Mrs. Borrodaile's money or herself
that Lord Ranelagh appears to have c►lled upon Mr.
Cridland, her solicitor. During the interview, and while
his lordship's indignant asseverations were at their height,
Mrs. Borrodaile herself made a chance call to inquire
how her cause was going on, and was promptlyoonfronted
with the nobleman whose conduct she has im-
pugned. If Lord Ranelagh saw that his presence
in Madame Rachel's shop had strengthened de-
lusions which had boon disastrous in their effect,
the question probably occurred to him, as it has
occurred to most readers of the case, why was he there at
all Y We acquit his lordship of all suspicion of trafficking
with Madame Rachel in cosmetics, or of being made beau-
tiful for ever. But it is not so easy to absolve him of
indiscretion in placing himself in a position to be used as
a decoy-duck to a silly and credulous woman. The an-
noyance inflicted upon a respectable woman and an
honourable man are the least satisfactory portions of the
past exposure and the coming trial.
The Daily Telegraph for the present expresses no
opinion as to the relative credibility of the
purchaser or the vendor of the beautifying
drugs. Nor can much sympathy be felt for
either party. The public, indeed, wish to know the
nature of the business by which silly women are made
beautiful for ever. The Central Criminal Court will throw
light on the true character of Madame Rachel's trade and
pursuits; and for her appearance at the Old Bailey the
public has to thank the firmness of Marlborough-street
Police-court.

FOREIGN NEWS.

(THIS DAY.)

THE SERVIAN CONSPIRACY.

The Servian conspiracy seems to have originated
with a society called " Serbalca Omladina," or
" Young Servia." It is composed of young men—
principally students—and is spread over the whole
country. It has many members in foreign
countries. It is a speciality of the association that
it never bolds meetings except in the vacation
time, that is to say, between July and September.
Servia has no university of its own, but the Servian
youth are sent for the most part at the
expense of the state to foreign universities in
France, Austria, Germany, and Switzorland. These
young Servians form committees in each univer-
sity under different names. Those who study in
Vienna, for example, have a committee called Zero,
or Aurora. Their objects are partly recreative,
scientific, and literary. They publish every year
an alnianack containing original patriotic tales
and scientific articles on subjects which were
the objects of study in the various com-
mitted. The Omladina is the name of the as-
sociation formed by the entire body of students,
when they return to Mervin for the vacation. It
is a kind of student congress which meets in Bel-
grade with the consent, and under the surveillance,
of the authorities. The different committees give
an account of the labours of the past year, and
agree as to the work of the next year ; and the
resolutions adopted are adhered to with scrupulous
exactness. The last mooting of the Omladina was
presided over by M. Gruic, an ex-Servian minister,
and was dissolved by the government on account
of the tumultuous nature of the proceedings.
These young men are animated with what they
deem grand Servian ideas ; and they wore not very
favourable to Prince Michael, whose sole merit in
their eyes was that he freed the country of Turkish
garrisons.

According to the Italian Correspondence it is not
Prince Alexander Karageorgevitch, but his son
Peter, who has been at the bead of the conspiracy.
It is stated in a letter addressed from Seinlin to
the North East Correspondence, that Mazaillo, a
captain of engineers, and the immediate author of
the attack on Prince Michael's life, was shot on
the 19th in the fortress of Belgrade.

(THROUGH REUTER'S AGENCY.)
PRUSSIA.
HANOVER, Just 24.
King William left here at 7 o'clock this morn-
ing en route for Hildesheini.
His Majesty was in excellent health, and nothing
of an unpleasant character has happened during
his stay in this city.

KIEL, Just 23, EvrAmo.

The government has ordered the preparations
for the convocation of the Selibswig-Holstein Diet
to be made as rapidly as possible.
The Russian war frigate Dmitri Dreskoy
from here to-day.

RUSSIA..
ST. PETERSBURG, Jove 21.

By decision of the government, the Moscow and
St. Petersburg line of railway has been ceded to
the Great Russian Railway Company.
It is reported that Prince Wolkorisky, at present
Russian Envoy at Madrid, is intended to be trans-
ferred to Vienna.

ITALY.

FLORENCE, Juss 23, Eviyimo.

A convention for farming the manufacture of
tobacco in Italy was signed to day. The con-
tracting houses are MM. Stern, of Paris, London,
and Frankfort ; de Haber, of Paris Schnapper,
of Paris ; and Joubert, of Paris.
An Italian Credit Mobilier Company has been
formed, with a capital of 50 millions, with power to
increase. The company will advance the govern-
ment 180 millions in gold, payable in six months
instalments, for which the company will issue
bonds.

PORTUGAL.
LISBON, JUNE 23, Evnmro.

The American war steamer Canondaigua has ar-
rived here to-day from the Mediterranean. She
will leave for Southampton in a few days.

OUR PARIS LETTER.

SERIOUS TRIAL
(MX 0911 OWN 001PONDINT.)
PARIS, Tummy Emma.

The Assize Court of Paris was occupied yester-
day and to-day with a serious abortion case, in
which the principal defendant is M. Regniard, the
manager of the well-known Bedford Hotel, in the
Rue do l'Arcade, much frequented by English
visitors. He is a handsome young man of 29.
The person charged as his accomplice and agent
is a midwife named Hely. The case made by the
ade d'accusation is that Regniard, a man of respect-
able family, who had received a good education
and had been a partner with a stockbroker, had
for a mistress before he took the Bedford Hotel a
girl named Marie Bose Chacon. He at first
allowed her 600 fr. a month, but afterwards when
the Stock Exchange business turned out badly,
lees. It was in December, 1866, that his mother
bought the Bedford Hotel in order to put him into it.
He then took a lodging for his mistress at No. 4,
Rue Pasquier, close by. The prosecution avers
that, finding her enceinte, he introduced her to the
woman Hely for the purpose of procuring abor-
tion ; that an operation performed by the woman
Hely occasioned her death ; and that she declared
the truth to another lover named Bernard, who
laid the information. The medical evidence seems
to leave no doubt that the girl did moot with her
death from an operation of the kind charged in
the indictment. Regniard denies that ho know
anything about it. The trial will probably not
conclude till late to-day. When the court ad-
journed yesterday, the presiding judge, M.
Rohault de Fleury, exhorted the jury to remember
their oath not to communicate with anyone on
the subject of the trial until it was over, and to
let him know in case any attempt should be made
to tamper with them. In France a jury is not
locked up during an adjournment as in England.
Every man on leaving the box goes freely to his
own home.

At the Gafete Theatre yesterday evening a young
man who was drunk, making a disturbance,
stabbed a municipal guard who told him he must
leave the house. The wound, inflicted by a pocket
knife, was serious enough to require the care of
the surgeon to the theatre, who, as usual in France,
was in waiting.
The debate on the budget is to begin on
Monday. M. Thiers has invited several friends,
non-parliamentary as well as parliamentary,
to his house to-morrow to hoar an outline
of the great speech which he proposes to
deliver. Among these privileged persons are
MM. Berryes, Odillon Barrot, de Fallon, Vitet,
Martin, Duvergier do Hauranne, General Chan-
gander, Father °retry, and the Duke do
Broglie.

Again the Bourse was extremely lino, Rent
20c. for cash, and 2;e. for seeount ; 7leir
70e.. and 70fr. 75e. Italian rose 70e..,
54fr. ¶4oc. ; there was no change in M.,),lii„,.°ati
scarcely any in Credit Funcier, or
d'Escornpte.