The Express.
London, England, 1857-12-01 00:00:00

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LONDON. TUESDAY, DICIM22III 1.

to the agricultural resources Allah amen°, and
mutual communication have opened to us sines the

beginning of the century. Over a great part of
England, Ireland, and Scotland the rivers no longer
drain the land u they did some centuries ago, and
as they might easily be rude to drain it again ; and
at the same time the spreid of agricultural drainage,
bringing down larger quantities of water and with
more rapidity, requires more work from the rivers
than they bad to perform in old times. The increase
of floods is &subject of common remark in all countries
where sgrieulture is in an advancing state. Few years
now psi. without inundations in some part of the
kingdom ; and there are districts uhcre the mia-
elude attendant on inundation are permanent.
Wherever there art water-mills occasioning a dam-
ming up of the stream; wherever obstacles to the free
Now of the rivers and brooks have grown up; where-
ever the neighbouring farm-drainage exceeds the
capacity of the arterial channel, a set of evils is sure
to be found established, which we lament over u •
net ional

calamity when they occur on a larger scale
at intervals elsewhere. The farmers find their
lambing stamens somehow less fa•our►ble in such
places than their fathers did : the sheep go off with
foot-rot, and the feeding at the stock in winter grows

move expensive. Worse than that, the farmers
themselves and their families loss their health, and

are carried to the churchyard hater than their fore-
fathers were. The infants hare croup; the young
people an consumptive ; the rest are subject
to bronchitim ; and fever is always creeping
about among the labourers' cottages. It is
jest in such places that the land lapses
behind the mill, however much may have been
reclaimed or improved on the uplands by new know-
ledge and improved methods. A single watermill—
itself more expensive than • steam-mill would be,
from the uncertainty of its working—often turns
several acres of good laud into swamp, by bash-
ing the water ; and when it has been at work
king enough, it fills the nearest churchyard. Whole
villages which ones were at least dry, whatever else
they might be, are now damp in their foundations,
and disease comes reeking up with every summer's

Art= Ida has paned on the rubject the public
msy, we emppear, reremdely expert that Parliamen-
tary Mons will occupy a place in the Queer's
Speech os Thursday next ; and that so far, at lent,
lard PALIIIICTON'S pledge will be fulfilled. The
Onion will, in that care, open without imposing on
any el the Liberal party the diesgreenble duty of
semen at once into indict with the Cabinet on a
question of political tote grity and personal
honour. The most ardent Parliamentary Re-
hewn will not forget that the Session is one
et unusual and serious importance, that then
ara subjects and questions to consider and legis-
late en that will require abstinence and modern_
It.. OM their parts ; that Ministers are, in the pre-
sent situation of the country, entitled to occupy very
fully the time of the House with Government
bissioess, and that every one who wastes an
hour, or a night, in the nrly part of the session,
assists the enemies and opponents of Parliamentary
Reform in getting rid of the question for aeothe:
year. Economy of parliamentary time is, therefore,
the especial duty of every parliamentary reformer.
We must be content, in the first instance, with a
frank and temperate saellianee, in the Querzes
Speech, that the Cabinet is prepared to bring forward
a messure of Reform. Haring got that, the next thing
is to take care, as far es lies with the popular re-
presentatives, that by Easter, at latest, the field is
tolerably clear for its introduction and consideration,
Assuming, then, that Lord PALNIZISION is now
seriously persuaded of the policy of dealing with the
queettnn this Session, he has nevertheless bith
inteinal and external difficulties to encounter.
Patten:Rh the recusant section of his Cabinet may
bare yielded so far as to agree to the insertion of a
paragraph in the tacrev's Speech, it cannot for a
moment be expected that this section will accept the
passage in the sense in which it is rend from the
Throne. On the contrary, the opponents of Reform
in the Cabinet will give encouragement to every
expression and menifestation of dislike at now intro-
ducing a measure,* ill sympathise with every wish for
its further postponement, and will indoor, by every
agency in its power, ether Lord HARRY V %NES to
entreat Lord r•LIIERrION to withdraw for another
yeas the subject from Parliament. In short, Lord
PALM e.RATON wilt, we may be certain, still be

In CuouweLis time it was computed that
mills worth 101, or 12/. a year, destroyed land worth
20!., or 301, or 404. ; and representations to that
effect were made to the Lord General. In those
days there were no steam•miUa, and the application
of the products of the coal fields to the arable
fields remained to bo discovered. Neither

was it perceived that the same mills which
drowned the land, killed the people who lived
near it. Yet was it urged upon Government that
the rivers should be looked to—their banks (shoals)
levelled, the channels deepened and equalised, their
courses straightened, their corners cut off or better
rounded, obs•ractive trees and bushes grubbed ap ;
and, above all, the weirs, flood-gates, and other re-
gnhating apparatus well looked to. There is no evi-
deuce that sudden calamities from flood were any-
thing like those we have become almost accustomed
to from overflow of channels and drains, from tor-
rents and landslips, and from wide districts being
laid under water—it may be at seed time, it may be
at harvest. And, if this were not enough to set us
thinking of a remedy, we have the remarkable fact
that floods occur moat frequently and most fatally
where natural channels abound, and least
where the old fens were almost always under
water. (in behalf of the old times it is said that
there are wide regions which the waters then had
all to themselves, and which see now under tillage
but this fact testifies to the practicability of getting
the evil under control. Goring the year when the
Holmtirth reservoir burst, and when the Wye broke
banks, and when whole counties were under water,
the Bedford Levels were dry and fertile.
It is well-directed labour that is wanted to make

one part of the island as eafe from inunda-
tion as any other; and if the ordinary
demand for labour does not permit a sufficient ap-
propriation of it to this object, it aeons right to
take adrantage of en exceptional season liko the pre-
sent to institute the improvement, as far as eircnos-
stances permit.

expand to a great preaserefiom rrithin to postpone
the performance of his promise indefinitely even
after it has received a place in the QtreN'll
Speech.
With this prospect it iv very neereary to keep up
a counter-pressure on the Cabinet from without:
sot hostilely, not hypercritically, no( mischievously,
but in a epirit of earnestness, seriousness., and self-
respect not to a waste or disregard of public time
or bas.ness in Parliament, but by making clear and
▪ ident to the Government in other quite Si obvious
and suggestive way., that the Parliamentary
Reformers will not be party or privy to any sham
or delusion, that Minister, may relc on their effec-
tive assistante and co-operation in consider;ng and
legislatiog on the questien in a right spirit, and that
their coniideoee and ►upport are dependent on the
mode in which the question is dealt with by the
(bluer t.

Ma Duke and Ductless of Sutherland arrived at
Stafford Home last ammisir. His grata arm from Worksop
Kara, where Ira Imallass oat a virit to Lord and Lady Foley.
The durben ease tram Castle Howard, Yorkablre.
••

•
The Duke of lhvonshire bad a grand dinner party
at Hardwicke Hell, his fins tamale] residence near Chester-
half , on 1 Corday evening last. After the banquet 'heroics@
a carrot dance, at which hie rata*. chamber band pea-awed.
A r led circle of the seigtibowring gentry were invited. 116
ran. ,atinues in excellent health.
The Duchess (Dowager) of Norfolk arrived in
fismil.flo-plare list ortolan, from Minas Lord and Lady
Foley, at Worksop Manor, Notts.
The Duke and Duchess of itoxburghe have sa-
uced at the Clarendon Hotel, from Paris.
•• • • - -

The Marquis and Marchioness of Salisbury hare
a distinguished thole et 1106eld House, Herta, sad to-mos-
tow give s grand !tall to the nobility and gentry of the
esouty.
The Marquis of Bath will learo London at the
fatter end of the week for Longleat, Wilts, where his lord-
ship intends to receive company.
The Earl and Countess of Ellesmere left Bridge-
water Howe a few d►ys since, ca a visit to the Countess
(bAragtrl of Ellesmere, at flatebfmd, near Cobham,
Surrey. 'no noVe earl will return to town to-morrow, to
be presint at the parliamentary dinner given by Earl Gran-
ville

We observe with sat'.eraction that torsi works are
being andertakrn in carious directions for the employ-
ment of able-bodied workmen, adrift in the present
crisis. There are many places in England where works
of cot-cnience or ornament perpetuate, not disagree-
ably, the remembrance of seasons of distress; and it
wrem, probable that there will be more. There is a
wide dtfiren:c between the miserable attempts at
Gore. a-nent road-making in Ireland, ten years ago—
lweun when the people were too weak to handle
thou tools property,and ending in fragmentary road-
ways eil.ich hare never been turned to use end
special undertakings of local importance, set on foot
by the ci:iMll3,aadeeterminats in extent and amount.
The class of enterprises to which we now refer are
epecitic pieces of work which will cost so mach money,
occupy so many men for so many weeks, and are

Tho Countess of Fowls and the Ladies Herbert
ant meat the arms at Poufs Castle, surneaded by a
select abate. The teoble earl and the Ma. Cassel Percy
Herbert ars expected Is taus la • few days.
The Earl and Countess Spencer will leave town
la a few days for Altharp Park, Northamptosehire.
The Earl and Countess Stanhope at rived yesterday
at their T. 01.110. la Ihrarsosor-place, foie visiting Sir
14warl and Lady Candi"' lisrdscas, at Oakley Park, Suf-

certain to alf,ird suck and such conveniesces,withoot
interfering with the regular labour market. As an
opulent country gentlemen chooses an unprosperous
winter for draining his land or improving his
epproaeLes, that his poor neighbours may support
thcasseli es, so a tows may eve such an opportunity
es the present trivia affords for bsilJiog, or road-
asking, or laying out a public park, or making a
botanic garden. At such times as these, it is an
inquiry of the lam importance what kind of public
work, of sufficient extent to employ any considerable
Duna& r of labourers, is the very best that can
be aiu•d at. After the memory conditions of
its bring feasible in regard to compass, cost, &c., it
is of c! of importance that it should be productive.
If proaut tire of more food, it is a very high order of

The Earl of Eglinton will arriie in town to-day
frost figlista. Coda N. 8., tits noble earl bating wads a
aeries al vials as roots.
The Earl and Cougar Poulett are pawing the
moos at their ark Stale fa. George, Soraemet.
The Earl and Coasts of ('ork have left Welheek
Abbey, co a stall b the Earl of ilarewood, at Harewood
Howse, Yorkshire. . .

Ste Court.

WINDSOR, MOTIOLT.

EXPRESS FROM PARIS.

meek; and if, while productive of ioereMied food, it
dinainkbes suffering, sickness, and death, it is the
very highest order of improvement. There is such a
elan of weeks wanted smog us, cod in almost every
part of the kingdom, and we have an array of high
autkor,tiea in favour of its being the most desirable
of sll possible enterprises that we can undertake.
The late Sir Rouser l'Ett thought so ; Mr. Gis-
aoaste thought so; ARTHUR YOUNG, we believe,
gave his testimony to the same effect; and so, we
dosbt not, will every eminent agriculturist is Eug-
lasd, besides other good judges of the case.
One of the most gt tally needed improvements
et this class is Arterial and District Drainage, in
order to repair the damage wrought by time on
oar rivers and streams, and to give their due value

(raox ors. ow%

PARIS, MONDAY EV1411310.

Viscouxt rowerleourt is expected in town to-
morrow, 'tom Bohm&
Lord and Lady Blantyre arrived at Stafford
Row, last emalag, from &Wand. The noble lord and
her 124,14 lOU shortly lean on a too to Covriaany.
Lord 'Boughton has left on a visit to the Duke
of &Afoul, et Woburn Abbey. - _

Lord itcdesdals comes to town on Thursday, from
Batdued l'ark, Otoweetershbe. _ _

Lord Stanley, NIX., has arrived at the Earl of
Derby's reridesoe, to St. Juana-square, fur the meeting of
parlOunent.
Lady Nl'harneliffe and the lion. Miss Stuart
Wools, kit town yesterday, un a visit to the Counter of
at Penis Castle, biontgotneryablre.
Lord Walaingham come, to town to-day from
Marton Hall, Norfolk. Her Wyatt la especial at the
latter end of the week.
Lord and Lady Corn° Rumen have returned to
Cbester-aqoare, bon via-ting the Doke of Bodfced, at Wo-
burn Abbey. _ .

Co.onel the Hon. Strange Jocelyn and Mrs.
looelyn arrived is town, a hw days entre, front a tour of
viaito in Ireland. The pliant colonel sill lairs town to-
day to on his rogintent at Windsor.
Colonel the Hon. Arthur Egerton and Colonel
Thewger have left town, on a tour in Italy.

TER EXPRESS, TUESDAY EVENING, DECEMBER 1, 1857.

The Queen, accompanied by the Princess Royal
asd Princess Alice, rode in the Riding•hasse this morning,
Wombed by the Hon. Emily Cathcart.
The Prince Consort, with Prince Frederick William of
Penn* vett out shooting. The Count cd Paris and the
Duke clChartres arrived from Richmond to shoot with the
Prism and returned spin In the evening.
The Marquis of Lansdowne, the Comets' of BliaMorne,
the Right Hon, Sir George Ursy, and the Right Hon. T.
Pemberton Leigh, left Windsor In the forenoon.

A Cabinet Council was held yesterday at the
official residence of the First Lord of the Trea-
sury, in Downing-street. The ministers present
were—Viscount Palmerston, the Lord Chancellor,
F.srl Granrille, the Marquis of Lansdowne, the
Earl of Harrowby, Sir George Grey, the Earl of
Clarendon, Mr. Secretary Labotichere, the Chan-
cellor of the Exchequer, Sir Charles Wood, the
Right lion. R. Vernon Smith, Lord Stanley of
Alderley, the Duke of Argyll, and the Right lion.
M. T. Baines.

Tier Majesty will hold a Privy Council to-morrow (Wed-
nesday) at Buckingham Pekes.
The Marquis of Lansdowne returned to town yesterday
fora visiting the Queen at Windsor Castle.
The Judicial Couunitiee of the Privy Council eat yester-
day. An appeal from Bengal, " Chnoturys Kan Murdtut
Ben v. &hub Purhuled syn" (part heard), wan resumed.
Despatches were received yesterday at the Colonial-dike
from the Governors of the North Americas provinces.

The Emperor, accompanied by a single side-de-
camp, went to Vincennes at four o'clock yesterday
afternoon, to visit the scene of the late catastrophe.
Ile ukod to see ill the wounded, and spoke to each of
them some words of consolation. lie minutely in-
spected the theatre of the accident, and made in-
quiries as to the cause, remaining at Vincennes till
half-pelt Bee.

Marshal Magnin, who is one of the best engineers
in the army, stayed at Vincennes till nine o'clock
last night, directing in person the operations of the
troops employed to clear away the immense mass of
rubbish which buried the guard-house when the
arches fell in.

The handsome new church of St. Clotilda was
consecrated to-day by the Cardinal Archbishop of
l'aris, and will henceforth be open to the public.
Divine senice will be regularly performed
in it every day. The ceremony of this
morning- was ' not the final dedication to
the patron saint, which is intended to come
off with great pomp in the month of June
neat. It was merely a provisional benediction
(something analogous to half baptism), in order to
enable the clergy to officiate in the building: The
towers of St. Clotilds, which all risitorsmasfgve
observed from the Champs Elyskt, have for some
time formed a striking addition to the architectural
beauties of Paris. The church is situated in the
very centre of the fisallionable part of the Faubourg
St. Germain, and although the ceremony of to-day
was comparatively:private, no less than five minis-

ten attended in the character of parishioners.
M. Chan d'Estange was installed to-day as Pro-
cureur-General to the Imperial Court of l'aris.
The Bourse has been very firm, although the
Reute closed only at yesterday's prices. Railways
have improved considerably. Lyons and Eastern
rose 17fr. 60e. each ; Western, 221 r. 60c. ; and the
other Ines from 7fr. to 12fr. News has arrived of
• large failure in Hamburg.
The CurPospondmare Bullier says—apparently in
earnest—that the students of St. Petersburg, Mos-
cow, Berlin, Vienna, Oxford, Ghent, and Turin have
clubbed together to found a journal to be published
at Paris, under their own management, and to be
called the Puffs des Ecoles!
A very painful occurrence has lately happened at
St. Etienne, which the French papers are, I believe,
prohibited from alluding to. The son of a senator
residing there, married, about two years since, the
daughter of a rich chemist in the town. At the end of
two months they separated. The daughter returned to
hcrfather's house,where in due time she was delivered
of • child, now thirteen months old. She frequently

walked about St. Etienne with the child and its

nurse. It appears that her father-in-law, the sena-
tor, lately formed the design of getting this child
into his own custody, and nith that object caused
her to be followed by the police during her walks.
Ho had succeeded in persuading the chief commis-
sions' of police of the town to aid him in the project.
One day last week the lady in question was walking
through the galleries of the museum at the Hotel de
Ville, accompanied by her servant with the child,
when a police agent came up to tell her that a per-
son was waiting to speak to her down stairs. She
went outside the building, and during her
absence the child was taken away. When
she found the trick that had been played
upon her she uttered piercing crits, and to silence
her was thrust into a room in the Hotel de Ville,
where she was for some time kept a prisoner. Ulti-
mately she escaped into • garden, separated from
the street by an iron railing, through the bars of
which she told her story to the passers by. An
immense crowd assemblid, and it was feared at ono
moment that an attack would be made upon the
Hotel de Ville. The people were, however, appeased
by the release of the lady, who has applied to the
courts of law for the restoration of her child. Mean-
while the government has dismissed the Commissary
of Police, whose conduct had so nearly led to an
attack by the mob on the Prefect's residence. The
Prefect was wholly innocent in the matter.