The Express.
London, England, 1850-02-14 00:00:00

ela J. PAJLINGTON was alma( *miss that it was nee
flea that a weapon of We magnitude dada be thus WWI
thieutirmchease only three des arm She plated ow had
MoOe . lII= was any *via W en met
Thi
s had
e
amlidy pake AIL 18. leaf.)
lanet ile a
caw wasetionpea . It bad Wei feW anus. by the louse
la ham weisliewi. Ho saw me nand foe raga' te darn
the pried* of We bill ; sad to peetpow, sada the promnice
that a eoweedima teringehlw iete the county expeaditure
swerelly ear aromeary. wee Onion*, seggaited with view
to throw the Newman ever aliegetha.

Sir S. P ESL them& the violin he 164010 W 61 wr
raise was, whet seam wall be ma esnansiye to •
salietsebny, end Issipseale ealiilW4Ca 'le sea-
-1 sere Wire then. la b view the emus sueeesesi by tke
lea. baronet Mir J. Pahlegtaa) wadi tend mete Is that
resat thsa to ism ea the sassed reedier new. (Hess,
keen) The hon. gestlanian, ia minas • soneeties fee
&by, bed ibeinstly derisand that lie was set aims. to the
prinelyie e 1 the SWIM% Ot determined bo AIN to the
=s on whisk esaaty rates we;gesi•;=ne lev
setied. Bo
ea See he was ereseraed, the INS made
with a view to &h at the seems. bK bad sap bees
phase is the heads el seembers ea iftenbly keg., ad.
theagli • singer =same had bees altamsoi laM aiaia,,ll
wee stia way reeeeesble that ea eppetewl, &NM beaten
is the assay to
_olatilso it before abs pia wee
Bross& Me Weed. r..-Me, with abs has. harems below
his is Ise a susenehis allay, net with the view et
K impeding the swan, bat Wow
tr= abs a zeeenelie ears.
Kr. K. ()MOM blast has. italisatea wadi ofeelier
W ereeneenese denoeisi is the Pellgaillies ha 2a:ra
W are re • bill mss.
in et en Iniegesient
Is thie ow, to se in the saspilien weald be le *eke
W mem» for • walk sat M.M. MI MINS with
his whether he wsejeaKei is ale Win solvestese et the
entotraiir he Dew had of mobs the memo te •a dela
skis when be Mai the hone sesealhisi he the wpm.
- - • -

-- -
Mr. ROEBUCK admitted the Wisdom efegelotted
111181161111 a carotid combieratien, but litswgl6 t
haven., knowledge Mthe mares the geworment tended
...aid to ite psincipis whether they intended
le take Wall regard
to ecktheledge ---.:4111e Willy OP"'
•vture. If they knew that, the ensnaid;fttioll tht u.
Zeit be well poseposed.
Mr. HENLEY did not see hew they could Cams the
ra pie without gob* into the details, wades the swoon
weliiich the bill was framed, and so far from losing he be-
lined they would save time by the posgeseeneest suggested.
Mr. NEWDRGATE thought that If the emend reading
IMO pressed now it would teed to the impression that the
=etthe eight has. gentleman was not to benefit the
so mach as to enable him to appear In the thane
tee et the fermis' friend, which it wee well known the
fit did sot regard him. (" Oh, Os," " Question.")
We H. RAIFORD suggested that it might be as well to
enhidtute for this mums a hill to exempt eosionsm
tem& from the county rates. As the Warm new AM
wen the landlord, that would, in fact, make no drags is
the present system.
Lord J. RUSSELL would impress co his right hon.
friend that if he did not agree to the proposition for adjourn-
ment the hoses would be at 6 o'clock in the same politica '
in which it new was. He had bees asked to eve
up • goverment day for the discussion et Mda
subject. lie could not accede to that suggestion, inmansit
as there Weill hardly sufficient days for the transaction of
government business. He did not think that some reason-
able delay to suable the country to understand the nature
of the measure cad the conesquencess which would follow
from It would be prejudicial to its access. The hon. and
learned member for Sheffield had asked what was the dispo-
sition of the government with regard to the principle of re-
presentation as contained in the bill. To that question he was
prepared to answer that he was so entirely in favour of the
introduction of that principle, that when it came to the ques-
tion, be should support the second reeding of the bill. (lewd
cheers.) But he should do so without at all undertaking the
defence of any of the details, believing it was absolutely we
that • select committee should examine them, and
ProraLy take evidence on the subject, before the hosiwirould
oome to any decision upon them.
Mr. M. GIBSON cemented to postpme the measure until
the 6th Korth, sad the debate was accordingly adjourned
until that day.

HIGHWAYS BILL.
Mr. C. LEWIS rose to move for leave to bring in • bill
for the better management of highway.. The house would
remember that towards the close of the last aeries the hoe.
member for Hut Sussex brought under emeudderation a
similar bill to that which had been diamond that day, and
that the government were then asked whether they proposed
to bring in any measure on the subject of highways and
parish roads. His right hon. friend (Sir G. Grey) then re-
plied that the subject was under consideration; but that the
session was then too far advanced to propose a measure with
reference to it. During the recess a bill had been prepared
which he was now about to submit foe considention. The
house was aware that in the bill which was penally con-
eidered he the last session, an attempt was undo to combine
turnpike trusts end highways in one measure; but the
diffisulty of such • combination wee found so great that
in the halted time the house had at its disposal
it could scarcely be imputed that they could agrees
to so large • mesause. The present bill was limited the/e-
-1 Buss to highways and parish roads, and did not extend to
mesh roads as wen included in any turnpike trusts. He
wad tremble them with but few details on the subject.
la 1837 the total expense of maintaining the highways in
England and Wales was 1,113,00 W. In 1845 the last
of which they had any account, it had risen to
7t17,0001., befog an increase in 8 years of 604,0001.
during the same time there bad been a consider.
able diminution in the expenditure oa account of turnpike
trusts. In 1837 the cat of these trusts was 1,780,0001., sad
in 1845, 1,872,0001., so that while the expenditure for the
one clue of roads had increased more than 600,0001., fee
the other there had been a decrease of 40.3,0001. a-yeer.
This showed the importance of increased vigilance tied
economy in the management of the highways and parish
roads. No doe* the mean cause of this change was the
introduction of railways, which had converted many turn-
pike roads into lines of mileposts* communication, while
it bad raised many perish highways into liars of primary
femeettace. He would read an extract from the last rennin,
1111/111/ how heavily the highway expenditure premed on
all esenties, whether manufacturing or agricultural. He
Wahl take the ten counties when the expenditure was the
lowest for the year 1821 :—Middlesex.2B6,oool. ; Yorkshire,
'
187,0001. • Lancashire, 162,0001. • Lincolnshire, 07,0001. ;
Heat, 71,0001 ; Surrey 65,0001.; Devon, 42,000 i. ; Gloater'
tee, 41,0001. ; Warwick, 39,000 L ; and Snmersetahlee,
76,0001. The hones would see from this that all clues' of
the community—populations of every diversity of chaneleg—
beed • common interest in the economical management of
these roads. Amongst the defects of the present system the
most imp)rtant was probably the small rise of the district*
of management. The highways were now main-
tained by the several parishes, and not only by
parishes, but in the notth end west of Hoicked,
and to some extent also in Lincolnshire, by townships,
and in some instances even these again were subdived. The
result was that there were in England no less then 15,841
Maine places maintaining their own highways, and in each
of these small districts there was a surveyor annually ap-
pointed by the vestry, frequently changed, generally with-
oat say professional knowledge, and receiving no remunera-
tion for his services, and whose accounts of expenditure
were most imperfectly audited. (Hear, hear.) The conse-
quences of such • system were, want of economy, want of
acill, and want of du discrimination in the outlay. He
would quote from an edition of the Highway Act which had
been published by a barrister of some eminence, a pas-
sage which he believed expressed the general opinion on
the subject. It was in the shape of a motet* me of the secre-
taries, and stated that the parish reads were in • most im-
perfect audition, owing to their management being
placed under the vestries. The principle of leasing the
common roads, not the turnpike roads under wenn), separate
authorities was repugnant to everything like sound principle
of nitheireeteat, and until it was abandoned no legislation
could effect any improvement. Now, it wee proposed in
this bill simply to take toe existing divisions of the
law unions, unions, and the existing boards of guardians,
and to give them the power of managing the
highways within their respective districts. This would ru-
der it unnecessary so make any trash territorial divisions or
to create any new boards of management. The expense of
maintaining the road, it was proposed to leave as a charge
on each parish or township, as at present. The boards of
guardians would, of course, elect • paid surveyor,
and each pariah would continue to maintain its own
highways, sad to bear the entire expense which now be
logged to it. The only charge which would he in common
would he the salary of the surveyor and any small contribu-
tions which eughtttrid to the poorlaw officers for their
Il trouble. e pro to abolish the pariah surveyors alto-
gether, sad aloe e r highway rate, and that the cost of main-
Isiah* these roads should be collected and paid by the over-
seers in the same meaner as the poor rate. At present there
was • maximum fixed by law fa the highway rate, which
would be continued, an all the existing securities with *-
gird to it would be preserved, though the name of
highway rate" would be abolished. The amounts meld
be audited by the vac law auditors, is the same maw
and at the ease time as the pow law emennts.
He might state, la Maths, that the bill proposed to repeal
an eat, which was well knows to many hen. members as Sir
Glories Eurrell's Act, and which provided for the payment
Menetributions for iniolvent masts; and by the bill now
1::=4all moniescontributed from the highway fond for
trusts should be expended. not by the OffiOnfil, but
by du surveyor of the highways. (Hear.) It was worthy
of observation that the management of highways *as not a
subject which required, like the relief of the poor, the con-
slaat attendance from week to week of the poor-law par-
dons—that it weld be delegated to an officer, and that it
NOW °sly require the occasional attendance of the local
haled. The guanUasa, in fact, would be empowered to ap-
point a Mambas committee from themselves for the manage-
ment of the highways • end as be had now gone through all
the material provision; of the proposed measure, he bed to
thank the house for the patient attention with which they
had listened to him.
Mr. FEE WEN said the boa. mover had given the how
to understand that the bill now about to be introduced was
very nearly of the same nature ea the one submitted in the
years 1848, 1847, and 1848. It appeared to him that then
were emend difficulties *the way of the sucesatul operation
of each • sameare. la dream place, there were many districts
oldie country where the roads were in good repair, and then
the moths of • paid surveyor would eel of permit atati
Heats, be required. Then were also outlaw unless* Ise
Led Ia which many tattle pariah's beloagiag to those recluse
wore out oe the moony ; sad bow was that difficulty* be
encountered ? A majority of a board of guardians might
appoint a district surveyor in a certain tulles, and if use er
two perishes should hoopla to kick against the authority of