The Express.
London, England, 1868-10-10 00:00:00

WORSHIP-STREET.

Ne. Jowls Browne, of the firm of Messrs. Browne and
Robinson, builders, of Worship-street, attended before
Mr. Newton, in answer to au adjourned summon. taken
out by a bricklayer named Vesch. for the sum of li. 13a.
arrears of wages due for work and labour dune.
Mr. Bexley appeared for the defence.
in Uds case a question was raised on the part of the
defcre::.nt whether a builder employing a sub-contractor
was liable for the wages of the men employed by the sub-
contractor on his work.
The complainant's case was that be was employed by a
man named Elliot, who bad been pointed out to him as the
foreman of the works, at Bd. an hour, to help, build, or run
up a wall. After baying worked for some time on Satur-
day, the 26th ult., Elliot could not pay him all his wages,
and giving him 15. left a balance of 17s. 6d. He went to
work on the Monday and Tuesday, and the following day
welt to the yard of the Messrs. Browne, and was in-
funned there for the first time that Elliot was a sub-
couti actor, and liable for the wages of the men he had
employed.
Js ,eph Elliot, who described himself as a builder, of
Percival-cottage, Merton, Surey, attended, and swore
to the agreement (produced) between him and Moen.
Browne, by which he undertook to build • brick wall
on piemises in John-street, Clerkenwell. As sub-oon-
tractor he hail engaged the complainant, gave him direc-
tions, and set hie to work. Ile did not know that he
bad overdrawn hi. account with Messrs. Browne. There
was a difference between them. He was not able to pay
the men on the 26th, as Messrs. Browne had only sent him
let. with which to pay 201. At that time Hocking, a fore-
man to Messrs. Browne, was present, and some question
having been introduced about the men continuing the
work on the Monday, Hocking said that it was better
they should go on, and that he would answer for their
money. they (lid go to work, and witness superintended
them. The work done during the week was measured up
by Hocking and witness, and be paid for what had been
dune. Witness was supposed to get his profit out of the
work done. It was very seldom there was any profit.
Witness bad no wages ; he was the sub-coutractor fur the
work.

Mr. Newton said that being so he had no course left
but to dismiss the summons, but he could not help think-
ing that had Messrs. Browne exercised a proper supervi-
sicn, and employed responsible men, the hardship put
upon the complainant and other men employed would
'liver have existed. He then told complainant that for
the talan3e of wages due up to the 26th of September
Elliot was liable, and for an much of it the summons
must be dismissed. On and after the 'Pith the Me&;rs.
Browne were liable, and complainant might summons
them.

The summons was then dismiawd,
GREENWICH.

John Shelton, • Waterman, appeared to a summons
charging with working a boat for the conveyance of
passengers on the river Thames without having his name
and number of his license painted thereon.
Mr. Todhunter, an inspector of the Wats/men'. Com-
pany, attended to watch the case on behalf of that body.
The information was laid by William Thomas, a water-
man, who deposed that on Tuaday, the 30th Sept.,
the defendant brought four or five passengersacrossthe
river from the Isle of Dogs to Greenwich, and then took
two passengers from Greenwich pier to the Isle of Dogs.
When cautioned against doing so, the defendant replied
that he was only carrying out the orders of his employers.
The defendant, in answer to the charge, said he was in
the employ of the lessees of Potter's ferry, who ran a
steamboat to and from Greenwich awl the isle of Dogs,
but in consequence of a mishap to the steamer, he was
directed to carry the pasengers in the boat which belonged
to the ferry steam-vessel, and which might be termed
" the ship's boat."
Mr. Pattcson said there had clearly been an infringe-
ment of the law, and a nominal penalty of ss. and costs
was imposed.
WANDSWORTH.
. .

William &Qs livwg in Now Wimbledon, was sum-
moned at the instance of the Board of Inland Revenue for
lumping two dogs without licenses.
Mr. Mayo, who appeared for the defendant, said ho had
something to say ou his client's behalf. He had two
licensee, which were taken out on the 14th July last, for
two small dogs, and the defendant was summoned for
keeping them without licenses on the 1:1th of thu samo
mouth.. It was not exactly fair for the supervisor to iro
round and advise persons to take out licenses, and to
summon them. The defendant took out the licenses on
the dny after he was visited by the supervisor, and three
months afterwards ho was served with a summons.

The Supervisor raid the officers of inland revenue did
not go round to advise persons to take out licenses but to
direover whether they had licenses for their dogs.
Mr. &lfo thought it was rather hard upon tho
defendant, for be repaired the error as soon as ho could.
However, be had no option ; if he had he should exercise
it. Ile had no doubt that if the defendant memorialised
the board they would remit the penalty.
The defendant was then fined the mitigated penalty of
U. be. in one cam only.
In another ewe the defendant said the dog did not be-
lour to him, but the magistrate explained to shim that if
he kept it he was liable.
The defendant and another person were each final
1/. 6s.

TILE NEW BANKRUPTCY ACT.—To-morrow (the
11th instant) the new Bankruptcy Act will tome into
force. All acts relating to the Court of Bankruptcy take
effect from the 1 lth October. By this statute " composi-
tion deeds" are amended, and debts must be proved by
the assenting c The new law will materially de-
crease "compositionreditors.
deeds," and minus the evils of tho
systcrit which has been condemned by eitemniwolel man.
No mows PILLS 01 AXT mums lbomaora.-
Erramisma. Cortes/wwoot. antalailamilarA.
zak
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Tl"..4Thilt la. %il Inn, M. 8 W.. Into
navalonia. Mama& Pawdca. IMO
trnted bast —Du nom and On, TT London
aim Portman sod Mama and at II abaall.
slim I as 1/4

DIAN A 1,7013 ON C4TR3.DIAL ANTABLISZ-
MINT&

(Fran th! Ostaniperery imam)

Let me ae I
am confs that, sreirenli atteshiff ,
lint by illispadlimes , sad then Whig is eineggaiwaee, le
the Melee ad the services et the cathedrals, I elm* bat
look on them as &shad satisfactory parts of see present
shuck edam. It tan hardly be doabtsi Si* ha repot-
lion to the Mliboinst of the revenues sheathed by them, their
12elizit the national work of the church is almost as
. And I writs this, being fully aware of, and
zizrrn the habit of urging, the real arguments for
their smtentation. Their work might be an important
one, but their present constitution effeeMally pre-
cludes them from doing it. And by this I do
not mean that any recent changes have hampered
or di cabled them, or that they might, by ampler endow-
ments and restoration of euppreased dignities, be better
fitted for their work. Not any cramping of the mightier
system, but the aipihilar system itself, is the great
hindrance in their way. And this in several points of
view. Pint of all, the cathedrals have fallen
between two issoompetible hypotheses. On the one
it is held that they are to be the greet centres of church
life for the dWeeft. Very good ; sad no view
can be more sound, no of things more desir-
ble. But, on the other, they are defended as afford-
ing posts of dignified repose for men who have de-
served well of the church. Now these two theories
are exclusive the one of the other. In ardor to entry out
the first, the cathedral authorities mud be men of dio-
cman knowledge and experience, men in vigour of mind
and body, sent there to work, and not to red; while, in
pursuance of the second, they will be composed of the
very class of persons least fitted for the former purpose;
they will be, at the beet, bookish men, or men broken
by parochial toil, but emphatically men sent there to
rest, and not to work. And the consequence of this
incompatibility has been universal, though often
undeserved, dissatisfaction with our capitalist bodies
as such. Is a cathedral dignity vacant l The jour-
nals teem with report., associating with the appoint-
' ment the names of many distinguished men. The
Leineourn ap-
r:Dent, we will my, is fittingly made. The same
als are full of praise of the person promoted, and of
e just grounds of his promotion. Bat this is the last
note of commendation he will ever get. Having become
a dignitary heal:auricled asunder by their inconsistent
theories of 'his ' • the operative, as demanded by
his influence ; non-operative, as required by his dig-
nity. But the matter is far worse than this. I have been
writing as if the second theory were normally carried out ;
whereas the state of things is far otherwise. Hardly in
half the cases occurring is a dean's or a canon's stall the
reward of distinction, or of toil in the church's service. It
would be invidious for me to specify the affecting causes of
ordinary cathedral promotion; lot the public use their eyes,
and they will not fad to discern them. And the result is that
we have, as the governing bodies of our mother churches,
men certainly blameless, and =y worthy of all
esteem, but for any purpose of au the work of the
church, about the least fitted of any that could be gathered
together. And this not from any fault or defect of the
men as individuals, but owing to the circumstances of
their appointment, and the nature of the bond which
connects them. The cathedral esprit de corps is ordi-
narily one of isolation from the diocese, and from
common clerical work ; the scrupulous maintenance
of certain rights and privileges, as againit the invasion
of tho wants and necessities of the age. And I must with
pain confess that eleven years experience has not re-
moved, but has rather strengthened, the impression of
former days, that the present influence, as a whole, of a
great cathedral in a town, is rather for evil than for good.
'I his I believe to be mainly owing to our capitular system.
The whole body is a phenomenon, in the estimation of
the people, quite extraneous to anything which comes
home to them in the work or influence of the church.
They see what is in their imaginations a vast sum of the
church's money spent among them without any assigna-
ble church result. They feel that there is a bar set up
between them and the cathedral; that however gene-
rously the dean and canons may individually fill up sub-
scription lists, there is not, and cannot be, any real flow
and reflow of sympathy. between them and the "Great
Church." Or if there is, they know it to be exceptional,
and owing to some influence which the next appointment
may reverse. And it may bo added, as an element in
the consideration, that the contrast, so painful in moat
cathedral cities, between the needy clergy who minister
to them and the wealthy clergy who do not, tends in any
direction rather than that of ensuring respect for the
latter. Among the many mistakes, most of them now
happily in course of correction, of which our ecclesiastical
commissioners have been guilty, was a greater than
the neglect of providing, out of the cathedral revenues,
for the pressing wants of the cathedral cities. Their cases
ought to have been made a special exception, and dealt
with at once. But red tans prevailed, and they were left
out in the cold, to await with others their share in the com-
mon fund. Should the great change which we have been
contemplating pass on our church, it is se, sly impossible
that the capitular system should survive. For, first, it is
an evil in itself, and must be reformed; se-ondly. we shall
want our cathedrals for church purposes • and thirdly,
on whatever conditions we are disestablished, we shall
want their revenues. It will be impossible to devote the
same proportion of church property, ho the absolute
amount what it may, to the maintenance of dignities.

FROM LAST wiolirs GAZETTE.

BANKRUPTS.

To surrender at Hasingball-street.
&imams, WILLIAM, Cat .r* auctioneer, and Cow Crows-street
and Toutry-ostrtyt, Mit% -shop keeper, O.t. 27, at 1.
rOCSZLL, LOW • RP, Leman-qt.,Whitechapkt baker, o.t. 27, at 12.
CAM/ill', Join. Erwin &WV Li HIT [TT, CbC/aCS•TiII-10, lltel•bea,
Oil. IT, at I.
Comm, Monies, Holloway-rowl, toy dealer, Oct. tt, at I.
I:ALLARD, Rosen,.,Aillukiiill.fotlVd. lEVIIUMh Town, builder,
Oa. 55, at 12.
Brae, EITANROPR, Piccadilly, &rinter, Oct. 27, at 11.
F • ma, Itu:staao, PAulempuly, 'urthamptonshire, gro'er,
Oct. ltr, at It
Fist a, Junto, Brighten, fruiterer, Oct. 11, at 12.
Fianna, Cu , Henley-on-Thamea, builder, Oct. 27, at 1.
M Fat um, ions t c , liewsaarpotrtat, Ostord-strtat,, glass
dmigner, Ott. IT, at It
GILA MAU Groat .sat Potato Market, King's-crose,
and eliambererpotato salesman, Oct. IT, at 11
• CTIAILLPF, Itirk.row.Kentington, pork buteher,Ort.Kkat It
• CNAZI.IP, &Mei, litlvlts,, biker, Oct. 23, at 1.

HALL, annum liap.,WillewatT, at U.

11;;;;;, iloiii;r:i;s;ten.;,o.7l.ii, at 1.
lierritszy, TIIOIIAN liamiurrsuuth, baeket manufacturer, Oct.
b 2, at 12.
.11,111t1r6P, Atriten, Deal, butcher, Oct. 27, at 11.
J•11[1.. Janrc lieer.Y, COliage-617‘..4.4, Camden Town, tobacconist,
Oct. S 7, at It
, Seaar, Abicot-road, Bermondsey, clerk in a public
company, Oct. ST, at 1.
Kama, Takings. Edgware-rosil, chenti•Cs araistant, Oct. DI, at 11.
Kiss, Jens, licsidesdon, heats, shoemaker, Oct. 211, at I.
LLIWILLTII, Two's*, Walwurth, builder, Oct. 22, at it.
11 nerr, dons, Royal-stmt, Lambeth, and elsewhere, builder,
Ott. 22, at 1.
Nail A AN, Donley-crearent, Hackney, late general trim-
ming manufacturer, Oct. Ft, at 12.
FA,W•11.1,, High-street, Southwark, late coal merchant,
Oct 27, at I.
PALFREY, CIIMILIS, Iltvldon-street, Bt. James's, general-shop
keeper, and Royal-street, Lambeth, builder, Oct. 23, at 1.
Pius, Ate's', Waltzing, North Woolwich, late licensed victual-
ler, Oct. 22, at 1.
rrreua, EDUARD Jona, Cotton-street and Oak-lane, Limehouse,
phipwright, Oct. 22, at 11.
RoPKKT.OII, CHAILLJU James, Fish-street-lull, City, accountant.
Oct. 21, at I.
Reosas, SABAH LITIINTIA, Nelloll-lelSliet, Stoke Newington,
stayniaker, Oct. 22, at 1.
Fissuca, (Junius, City-ruatl, photographer, Oct. 29, at 12.
Dunford-road East, liolloway, journey-
man gold cutter, Oct. 23, at 12.
hrsiisi at, Wewaat Chiswick, watch maliesetweirPct.22, at 11.
$i Groaii_ Basingstoke, corn dealer, Oct. 27, at 11.
WILLIAM WALK/14 Elydney-stmet, Fulham-road,
merchant, Oct. 27, at 12.
W aLRRa, Juur, Nelson-square. Peckham, builder, Oct. 13, at I.