The Express.
London, England, 1857-08-06 00:00:00

(Stamped id. Additional.) [TWOPENCE.

can co-exist in a long unbroken length of completely insu-
lated conducting wire and yet reach their terminal destina-
tion with sufficient intervale between them to record intel-
ligibly the indication. they are intended to convey.
The battery employed by Mr. Whitehouse C0111161t• of a
voltaic series of forty cells, the plates of which are formed
alternately of nine and platinized silver, each about nine
inches square. The exciting fluid, or medium, I. simply
diluted sulphuric acid; the troughs containing which are
swung upon a gimballed frame, to prevent the fluid from
being washed over the costs:Lotion's between cell end cell by
the motion of the ship.
The force developed by this battery in its direct action is
so greet that a piece of iron three Inches long, and three-
eighths of ea inch in diameter, can be entirely consumed in a
few minutes by the heat developed on retaining the two poles
of the battery sinnthaneously in contact with it.
The battery current thus generated is, however, only the
primary agent in the act of telegraphing through the cables
and is solely used as a means of inducing, through the aid
of electro-magnelle electricity, a current of a suitable cha-
racter for being transmitted through such long distances.
The electio-magnetie electricity actually employed is obtained
from large induction coils, which are constructed in the fol-
lowing manner Around a hollow cylinder of soft iron,
nearly five feet long, is wound with great regularity • length
of several thesewsl pamisef tithe temper wire, theedeted WMb
ilk, wrepped, by Ennis of machinery, round every portion
of the metal, and innehlew in diameter than the conductor
oeutituting the mime of the cable, to the end of which it
is joined up, and of width it forms s continuous part when
requited for nee. Each kw of this insulated wire is covered
with thin teased paper gthelously to ths application of the
atamesding layer; and the whole when completed is sue-
rethatiod with sheet guns perch& applied so as to fit it equally
man aim Ow tY latmaists gutty perena is then wound
• awl, lona et upper Irby many times larger in diameter
dm Ms previous length of thin wire, but insulated in the
ems esthwer.

The extremity of this latter wire is brought into connexion
with the battery, by means of a key used by the operator
ix the transmission of signals, in such ► manner that not
only can the circuit be made and broken at pleasure, but that
in signalling a distant station, by the simple process of raising
and depressing the handle of this key, the operator never
winds two currents successively frost the same pole of the
battery, but transmits alternately negative and positive
electricity.

The following phenomena aro developed in the apparshur
Una described, when set in motion. The currents generated
in the voltaic series pus simply through tho thick wire be-
tween pole and pole of the battery; and in their purge
temporarily convert the hollow cylinder of iron into a power-
ful electro-magnet, the position of the poles of which may be
!emerged with each alteration in the direction of the current
through the thick wire.

Theeke:fro-magnet thus formed re-acts upon the great
length of thin wire wound around the cylinder; inducing in
it a current of electro-magnetic electricity posecased of an
energy adequate to the length of cable it I. required to paw
tluough.

It will be seen that the nature of this secondary current
may be varied at will by the employment of batteries differ-
ing in character (as may be found most suited to the occa-
sion), attached to the thicker or primary wire of the coil,
sad that, further, as the current which pure into the cable
is originally generated in a wire of only one-seventh the area
of the main conductor, no ill effect can occur to the roa-
die,. tor, which might result if tho battery itself were in direct
connexion with it.

Proviske haring been made in this manner for the
through banamission of the cloctric current, the adaptation
of en instrument suitable to the indication or recording of
signals, is simply a matter of mechanical ingenuity, and any
of the sensitive indicating or recording instruments now in
use may be employed for the purpose.

The form of inArm:neat at present used for developing
signals by the Atlantic Telegraph Company is o ma:titivation
of the wall-known marking instrument invented by Proferoor
Morse.

Mr. Brooking, Mr. Pickering, Mr. Crothie, Mr. Logie,
and Mr. Bret; director., accompanied by Mr. Seward, the
&aviary of the Atlantic Telegraph Company ; Mr. Edward
Bright, the Secretary of the British and Irish Magnetic
Telegraph Company; Dr. Palmer, of the United States
frigate, Niagara, and other gentlemen interested in the m-
ow of the undertaking, reached Killarney on Saturday night
en route for Valenti&

His Excellency the Lord-Lieutenant of Ireland, who in-
tends to be present at the starting of the expodition from
Valentin, arrived at the Railway Hotel, Killarney, this day
(Monday), and. after partaking of an entertainment given to
his lordship, and the representatives of the Atlantic Tele-
graph Company by the directors of the Great Southern and
Western Railway, proceeded immediately on hie journey. He
will remain the guest of the knight of Kerry during the
operation of attaching the shore end of the cable to the
Irish cleat. Mr. Job, lately an influential member of the
Council of Newfoundland (in the absence of the Attorney-
General of that province, who is unavoidably prevented
from attending), was also present, and will await the com-
mencement of the great work.

The British and Irish Magnetic Telegraph Company are
progressing very rapidly with the erection of en over•ground
line of telegraph along the highway between Killarney and
Valenti* for the purpose of connecting the existing tele-
graph*, system with the Atlantic cable et the latter place, by
means of which, under en arrangement entered into between
the Magnetic end Electric Companies, the whole of the lines
in the three kingdoms-10,000 miles in extent—will be
available for the rapid transmisaion of intelligence between
Europe and the American continent.

The line is elreedy completed beyond Billorglin, .here the
Magnetic Company have eitabliiihed a. temporary station.
The entire through communication to Valentin is expected to
be completed by the middle of neat week, when intelligent*
as to the progress made in the paying-out of the cable will
be daily received, and sent forward by Mr. Seward, the
secretary al the company, who will remain there with the
staff of the reinipuleton until the completion of the under-
taking.

TESTIMONIAL TO CAPTAIN RYAN, OF THE
LITTLE WIIITEHM.—The travellers to and from Ramrgate
and London by this favourite boat resolved, during the pre-
sent seastin, to present to its captain a testimonial of their
on of his high nautical skill as • commander upon the
above station during the last six years, and of his uniform
courtesy and attention to the comforts of his gere.
On Monday last an elaborately chased tea sod co etrenenservice,
of 80 emcee weight, and of the value of 601, was presented
to that gentlemen at an elegant banquet given to him at the
Queen's Arms Hotel, Kilburn. The chair was oecupled
Mr. Hill, of Gracechurch-street, and the vice-chair by Mr.by
Hempehall. A 'ate speachea were made by the chair-
men, the vi an. Mr. M`Donnell, Mr. Baker (of the
Inn of Frodshem and Baker), Mr. Lamb, Mr. Shaw, and
other gentle:waist commercial eminence.

THE LATE FATAL FIRE IN HOLBORN.—AD-
touRNEE Hequetwr.—Yesterday Mr. Walley resumed the
inquiry respecting the death of William Chap*, beadlord of
the pmesises, 14, High Holborn, who died front injuries re-
ceived at the fire which took place there on the 27th ult.
Since the previous inquiry, John Rolfe, aged If, apprentice
to Mr. Malist, saddler, who occupied the shop and pert of
the house, has died from injuries received on this occasion.
It wilt be remembered that Mr. Maidmist wee not present at
the former inquiry, when the summoning officer stated that
he had been unable to find Mr. Meidneiet. Mr.
Wright, solicitor for that gentleman, now stated that he
wished to make a complaint °palest the summoning officer.
On the last occasion Mr. Maidmial was not summoned, and
be wished to know how this happened? After some expla-
nation, the coroner exonerated the summoning officer from
into:AircelbieleiArils. at
d.acytmeCikad7anal.d76, shubef::rtspunl;ictthl
blame, and Mr. Maidinist was examined. On the night of
paq
the fire he slept in the back first-floor, and his mother and
the apprentice In a partitioned mem above. They all
tescapedi by jumping out of the window of hie room into the
where they got on an outhouse. The house was filled
y lt.ot smoke, but they saw no fire till they were on the out-
house, when they saw flames darting through the roof. Mr.
H. Owens, chief clerk of the Times APPIIFILI2OI Office,
proved that Mr. Maidmiet ineurcal in that office on the 21st
of July for 3001. ; and Mt. W. Blythe, clerk in the Alkaline,
she proved that Mr. Maidmist insured in that Mlles for 800 J.
for 6001. After some further evidence the coroner urged the
importance of SA sdjonniment, in order that the premiere
might be officially inspected, and a model made. The jury
eidhoue n'''7l.,iyima:amins;":ll:Vl,lll. Ciiclvr:Pothsi'fli
11'13:oda.ff‘.:F:Mii_
fully acquiesced in the desirability of such a proceeding, end
the inquiry was then further adjourned.
THE VALIIE 01, ASSURANCE COMPANIES' STURM
Com-
paq, 11. per skate paid up. Sold at ON.

CO' oxpreoll.

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