The Express.
London, England, 1861-07-31 00:00:00

ITALY.

The Central Committee of the Italian Association
of Watchfulness, of which Garibaldi is president,
have published a declaration, in which they state
that the dishonest steps which for some time past
have been taken to upset the committees of watch-
fulness, compel them to break silence. The prin-
cipal means made use of for this purpose was to
represent the committees as milling independently
of Garibaldi, and under other influences than his.
"In the interest, therefore, of truth," they proceed
to say, "and to remove any pretext for persecution,
open or secret, we declare that whatever may be our
opinions respecting men and things, our programme
is that of Garibaldi—' Italy one and Victor Em-
manuel.' We declare that this programme is ours,
not only as a flag, but as an engagement to do the
work necessary to bring about its triumph ; that
in the acts fur the accomplishment of this pro-

gramme, frankly pursued and scrupulously re-
spected, we have no other guide than the
interest of the country, our conscience,
the direction, counsel, and labour of the geucral.
There is no important deliberation which has not
been sanctioned by his approbation, as there is no
manifestation of one of his projects for the good of
.the country of which we did not attempt the
realisation to the utmost of our power. Thus the
accusations levelled against the committees—re-
serve being made in favour of Garibaldi—are
offensive to the honour of the president of the
association as of the entire body. The committees
of watchfulness aro convinced that they will facili-
tate the accomplishment of the Italian
programme for the government as soon
as the government shall sincerely desire it.
If the government hang buck we will urge it for-
ward as far as our means and strength will permit.
We wish, in a word, to do what patriots who are
animated with a sense of the greatness and destiny
of their nation ought to do—that which the govern-
ment, unfortunately entangled in diplomacy, can.
not always do. The committee, strong in the
honesty of its intentions, strong in its ardent love
of Italy, strong iu the direction, support, and
exhortations of General Garibaldi, will not
Condescend to make any other declaration, and
will continue its course without flinching.
Silly and cowardly accusations will not make It
repent of its efforts, however weak, for thicommma
good. On the contrary, they will inspire it with
new courage and new ardour, in the con.
viction that the final judgment on its acts will
be pronounced not by the rancour of party enemies
but by the pure and free conscience of the people.
Signed, Frederic Bellazzi, Mauro Macchi, Antonio
Mosto, Henri Brusco, Achille Sochi, J. B. Cents)."

BRITISH COMMERCIAL RELATIONS WITH
BELGIUM AND THE ZOLLVIRZIN.

The following is a copy of a memorial which was
presented last week to Visounnt Palmentoa sad Lord John
ittessell at the Foreign-office, and the Right Hon. T. Milner
Chinon at the office of the Board of Trade, by •
tion from the Chambers of Commerce of the Unite=
done:

"To Tee RIGHT HON. HURT JOHN VISCOUNT PALIUM

isTON, K.G.
'` The Memorial of the Associated and other Chambers of
Commerce of the United Kingdom.
' "Showeth.—That your memorialists have for some time
past had their attention drawn $o the fiEt that the imperial
government of France have been and are now negotiating
treaties of commerce, on the buds of the Anglo• French
treaty, with various countries; that with Belgium being
already completed, and the one with the ZoUverein being
on the eve of conclusion.

" For several years past the attention of the Foreign.
office has been repeatedly called to the unfair commercial
privileges which have been granted by Belgium to almost
every country except England, and immediately on its be.
coming known to your memorialists that a treaty of com.
meree was being negotiskal between France and Belgium
representatioos were again made to the Foreign-office, to
which was reosived the following reply, dated January 11:
" Foreigu-office, Jan. 11, 1861.
" 'Sir —With reference to my letter of the 6th inst. I
am directed by Lord Johu Russell to request tlmll you will
inform the Bradford Chamber of Commerce than despatch
has just been received from her Majesty's minister in
Brussels, stating that he had been mislaid by the Belgian
Minister for Foreign Affairs that there was not the slightest
intention ou the part of his government to make any di..
Unction between the import duties to be imposed upon
French woollens and upon those the produce of Great Bri-
tain ; and further, that no concession whatever in regard
duties would be ade ill favour of manufactures of
which would not be equally extended to those of Great
Britain.

----"
'I am, Sir, your most obedient bumble servant,
" ' B. HAMMOND.
" H. W. Ripley, Esq., Bradford Chamber of Commerce
" On the puWeation of the Belgium treaty in May
your memorialists renewed their application to the Foreign.
cede to aseertain if a treaty between this country and Bel.
giwn bad also been concluded, in accordance with the
assurances given in the letter of the 11th of January, when
they were greatly concerned to find that such bad not been
the ease. It was therefore decided to request the hoe.
lumber for Bradford, Mr. Forster, to ask Lord J. Russell
in his place in parliament what was the cause of the delay
on the part of the Belgian government in applying the new
tariff arrangements between France and Belgium to this
country.
"The reply given by the foreign secretary to that qua.
Non has excited the alarm and apprehension of your memo.
rialista, and has mimed them to approach your lordship,
ail the head of her Majesty's government, for the purpose
of asking at this critical juncture in our commercial rein.
Mons with foreign countries that every effort be made to
avert a danger to the foreign trade of this country, the in.
portance of which cannot be overrated.
"They fear that in consequence of these treaties French
fabrics will be allowed to be imported into the mast impor.
tent markets' of the world upon terms so exclusively
favourable to France that competition on the part of the
British manufacturer will henceforth become impossible.
"In the opinion of your niemorialinta, nothing will be
more likely to conduce to the satisfactory settlement of
theme all important questions than the adoption of the
means which have proved so eminently successful on previ.
owl occasions.

"Your memorialists would therefore respectfully reqnsei
your lordship to take into your most s.rious consideration
the expediency of appointing a gentleman fully conversant
with the trade and commerce of England, commanding the
respect of foreign courts, and possessing also the confidence
of the Eoelish people, to co-operate with her Majesty's re.
Ttatives at Brussels and Berlin in demanding that
ad shall be placed upon a footing of perfect equality
the most favoured nations.

Your memorialists are fully aware that the adoptive
of fres-trade principles in their fullest extent has deprived
her Majesty's government of a very powerful means of ne•
. gotiatiog with foreign countries, but at the same time the
goodwill and the trteedahip of the government and the
people of Great Britain cannot fail at all times to be of the
greatest value to foreign nations, and their governments
ought to be told, in an unmistakeable manner, that ea they
value we sympathy and friendship of the English people
they must not alight her just claims nor sacrifice her la.
tenets.

" Your memorialists with noti6ilenco place this memorial
in your lordship's hands, fully confident that its importance
will ensure your lortbihip's most careful consideration.
'• Signed, on behalf of the follownA Chambers of Coos
meroe, HISYKY W. RIPLEY

"President of the Bradford Chamber of Utmmerce.
" Batley Gulashiels Maochester
" Belfast Glasgow Newcastle
" Birmingham Gloucester Norwich
"Bradford linwick Nottingham
"Bristol Huddersfield Sheffield
"Coventry Hull Southampton
" Dewsbury Keudal Staffordshire Pot.
" Dover Leicester teries
"Dundee Leeds Wolverhampton
"Edinburgh Liverpool Worcester.