The Express.
London, England, 1861-08-02 00:00:00

THE EXPRESS, FRIDAY EVENING, AUGUST 2, 1861.

',commendations on this important and urgent
question :

" If in fact the three rules could but be followed
"out, that no boy should be committed to a re-
" lormatory on a fire! conviction, unless an orphan
"of whom the parish authorities could not, or
" could not be required to, take charge ; that
" every boy convicted for the second (or at least
" for the third) time should be committed to a
" reformatory for four or at least not less than
" three years; and that the parent of any child so
"committed should ;ii rrer,r our be adjudged to
"pay some contribution, hower, r small, towards the
" child's maintenance (unless a widow, or disabled
" by disease or injury from work), I confidently
" believe that not only would the number of com-
mitments to prison be diminished still more
" largely than they have been, but the number of
" commitments to reformatories would be also
" materially lessened, and the community would
" reap the full benefit of the moral and econo-
" mical saving by which the reformatory system!
" ought natura:ly to be attended."
We have thus far seen the operation of refor-
matories in purging the community. But it is an
interesting inquiry what has been the effect of the
system on its immediate material, the inmates
themselves, and to what extent they have been re-
claimed ? Mr. TURNER has taken many pains to
collect and discriminate evidence on this point,
and gives as the result that of rather more than
1,000 boys discharged in England previously to
December 31, 1859, above 600 are known to be
doir.g well, not quite 120 have been again con-
victed, about 100 more have doubtful characters,
and about 180 have passed beyond the reach of
inquiry. As about 100 of the whole number ab-
wended from the schools at the earlier
stage of their probation, it appears that
about two-thirds have undergone the discipline
of the schools, and been restored to honest
life. With girls the experiment has not hitherto
been attended with correspondent results, the pro-
portion known to be doing well being in England
about 40, and in Scotland about 20 per cent. The
majority of relapses into crime have taken place
among those who on discharge have been returned
to their friends and relatives, probably the very
persons who had most to do with their original
misconduct. To avoid this result full recourse to
the powers given to managers by the last Refor-
matory Act is recommended. Under the 20 it 21
Vict., cap. .7,5, managers are empowered to place
the boy or girl out on license for a year or more
before his or her final discharge. This plan has
been adopted with marked success at the Castle
Howard and Itardwicke Reformatories.

%nu Court.

OSBORNE, Aucry!' I.
- -

The Queen and Princess Helena, attended by the
Countess of D'art, the Hon. Beatrice Byng, and Colonel
Biddtdph, drove out yesterday.
The Crown Prima sad Princess of Prussia, and Princess
Alice, attended by Count Fursteristeio, rode our horseback.
Princess Louise also rode.

The Prime Consort presided yesterday afternoon at a
meetiog of the Royal Agricultural Society, at their rooms in
Hanover-smaaro.
The Primus t mood, attended by Colonel the Hon. Sir C.
Phipps, returned train London about half-past 8 o'clock.
The Archduke and Archduchess Maximilian of Austria,
travelling coder the title of ('ount and Countess of La-
tour, are expected to only, at Osborne to-morrow on • visit
to bar Majesty.

Lieutossua-Geeeral the Hoe. C. Grey sad Major Du
Plat have succeeded Lon] Alfred Paget sal Colossi the
Boa. A. Mucilage os Equerries in Waiting to the QUOIR
asi Non Qum&

Tko remake of the late Duchess of Kent were yesterday
removed is the strictest privacy from St. George's Chapel,
Windsor, to the mausoleum erected in the grounds at Preg-
ame, attended by Coloosl the Lord James Murray, the
Dean of Windsor, the Hun. Spencer Ponsouby, and Yr.
Seabrook.

A deputation from the British Fishery Society bid an in-
terview with the Right Hoe. T. Milner Gilwon yesterday,
at tie Office of the Board of Trade. The deputation con-
sisted of the Dub of Sutherland, the Earl of Caithness, fir.
George Trail!, M.P., Mr. George Loch, and the MacLeod.
Despatches wise received yederday at the Colonial-car
boos the Governors of Malta and Canada.

Deepetebe• were seat to the Governors of the West laths
Lisa& sod British Columtia.

THE QUEEN'S VISIT To KILLARNEY. —The pre-
paratkee which are in progress at Killarney-house by Lord
ersdarosse are most superb and costly. A raignikest mar-
yam, el a easily nature, is to be erected at Derryeasaile•
b► G 11 esstlorosse, where, it is stated, the royal family
will dies on the wood day of their visit. This place has
been selected by his lordship as the moat beautiful spot in
the vicinity of the lakes, and is situate to command view'•
of the Upper lake, Muckrose.house and demesne, the cas-
cade, and the peaks of the chain of mountains, including the
R:sks— the Irish Alps. The preperstioes at Meckrose are
similar. —Cork Exessiarr.

ROYAL 110111TICULTMLAL SOCIETY.—His Royal
Highness the Prince Comport visited the wane at South
Betrington on Weise** afternoon last, &Breda by
Colonel the Hon. Sir Charles B. Phipps, But, end Colonel
the Hoe. A. Harding*. His Imperial Highness the Ara.
duke Ferdinand Maximilian of Austria, along with her
Imperial Higbee.. the Archduchess and stilt., alto paid •
chit yesterday evening.* The ribbon flower beds, which are
sow in their highest ibeauty, seemed particularly to mitt/vet
the admiration of their Imperial Highnesses, sad they re-
garded the tree plated by her Majesty with peat interest.
The)Unchess of Roxburghe arriveill at the Peri-
Irestree on Wednesday from:the Cipitinent,
sod left for town on the followieg day. I Pm
liVisconnt and \lamiae's Combertnere return to
Conbermere Abbey from Buxton ,to-morrow, to receive a
large party iniqed to a dower show and rustic fete, which
tikes place in the perk next week. On this occasion the
beautiful grouutls of the abbey will be thrown open to the
occupants of an excursion train from Stockport, who will
be permitted to take part in the amusements prepared for
the day.

Lord and Lady Tredegar and family have left
Portman•quare for Trades*? Park. Monmouthshire.

Mr. awl Lady Henrietta Morant have left their
rooidosee on Queosegato-terrace for Brockenhunt, Hoots.

The Hon. Major-General Stuart and the young
Kameda of Bate have strived at Farraaea'a Hotel.

The Earl de Grey and Ripon assumed the duties
el Uuder-Seeretary of State for War on the Met ultimo.
Hie katiship has appointed Mr. Bruce M. Seton, of the War-
Mice, to set se hie private secretary.

The Lord Chancellor has presented the Rev.
James Darrow, M.A., late Exhibitioner and Scholar of
Quom's College. Oxford, perpetual curate of Ashford, near
Ihkowell. Derbyshire, to the rectory of Warehorne, sear
Ashford, Knot, in the room of the Rev. James Charles
Nem% LA.

Mr. Juland Danvers, of the India-office, has
(lays the riewv) been appointed by the Secretary of State
for India in council to succeed the late Sir Jame, C. MeI-
!C.C.S., as government di,ector of the Indian railway
compaaisa.
Mr. Hennessy will this evening ask the Chief
Secretary for Ireland what warm the Government peva.*
to take with reference to certain Iriah

Sorra LANCAAHIRE Euteriox. —A very enthu-
siastic meeting was held at Rochdale yesterday, in support
of Br. Cheetluun's candidature, sad reaolutione were paned
drawly in favour of the hon. gentleman. Yr. Bright ad-
d/mod the meeting with great effect.
CHARITABLE EN DOW EZNIR. Thomas Clark,
for pony years • rapidest of Woolwich, soil who expired •
few daps shim at Walworth, at the advanced age of 85
raw, it hopteeebed7,oooL in These per Cent. Commis for
the eatlewaseat et at Woolwich ; and o similar
in trust te the eirwehwerdecw, the interest to be glom
woonolly to twelve poor persons who have not received
parochial rah&

EXPRESS FROM PARIS.

(1110 M On Owl.

r.)

PARIS, THURSDAY EVIIVG.

All is still uncertain as to what the French go-
vernment means to do at Rome. It is of small
consequence that the Dents says :

The publication of this note must appear the indication
of a very grave situation, and in our opinion it gives credit
to the rumours which are again beginning to be current
of an approaching modification in our relations with Rome.

We do not yet even hear that M. de Merode is to
be dismissed, and the demand of the French govern-
ment seems, according to the best information, to
be now reduced to that very unimportant satisfac-
tion. The Conseitutionntl spins the following yarn,
from which little is to be gathered :
We cannot any longer, without a feeling of the deepest
grief, turn our eyes towards Rome, and speak of the de-
testable intrigues which are at work in the capital of the
catholic world. We yesterday published the recital, un-
fortunately too correct, of the disgraceful scene caused by
Mgr. de Merode, and in which that ex-Belgian officer, now
sheltering himself ander the venerated robe of a priest,
did not hesitate to excite tithe utmost a general officer who
is the very type of French honour and good faith—General
de Goyon. One thing very evident, and which would
be consolatory if it were not the indication of a state of
affairs more and more abnormal and dangerous, is
that it is not paellas to tionsidurthe Pope as responsible in
any way whatever for the acts of Mgr. de Merode ; the
papal chamberlain reigns and governs ; Cardinal Antaselli
himself no longer stands except in the background, and
with difficulty struggles against the powerful party which
M supported by the majority of the Sacred College. And
what a moment has Mgr. de Merode aroma to insult, at the
same time, the Emperor and France? We hesitate to
point it out ; we would wish to show consideration both to
the majesty of the Holy See, whom we never confound
vriilt blind and uosktlful counelltnre. nod the venerated person
of the sovereign pontiff, who through so manycrael trials has
only inspired a filial and pious sympathy. But, why be silent
on a subject of which everyooe speaks ! A painful eventuality
lately transpired ; the health of Pius IX. gave rise to serious
unesidness, and now that those alarms have disappeared
we have no longer to conceal the fact that a few weeks
since it was necessary to foresee the possibility of the throne
of St. Peter becoming vacant. Pius IX. himself, more
occupied with the futons interests of the church than with
his own situation, asked himself what at the critical
moment would be the attitude of the powerful sovereign
who, in spite of the injustice and calumnies of parties, is
in fact the sole and disinterested support of the pond-
, heel throne. A few days afterwards, the anxiety of
the Pope was removed by the imperial govern-
ment, who sent to Rome assurances the best ad-
mitted to tranquillise the uneasy mind of his Holiness, as
much for himself as for his successor, and both for the
present and the future. They were thus understood,
and doubtless the confidence which such precious assurances
inspired in the mind of Piss IX. was not without influence
in the establishment of his health. And it was immediately
after this affecting episode, when the Emperor bad just
given a fresh proof of his unalterable attachment to the inde-
pendence and dignity of the Holy See, that a minister of
Pies IX. could be guilty of the conduct which we have just
pointed out, and which will excite throughout Europe a
unanimous feeling of indignation blended with the pity
caused by the spectacle of such madness.

But the Presse very justly says that it is labour
lost on the part of the amstieutionuel to speak so
well and conclude so badly. This journal denies
altogether the theory that the Pope is a victim to
M. de Merode, and affirms that he is not only re-
sponsible for his acts, but cognisant of and pleased
with them. The Temps takes the same view, and
expresses its fear that the French government is
not acting in a way befitting the occasion. " The

consequences of the conflict with M. de Merode
are not likely to be what we are entitled to expect."
It observes that the ultramontane journal, Le
Monde, lauds the conduct of M. de Merode as
worthy of the dignity of the Holy See, and that
the Moniteur is silent. The Paya has a barren
paragraph affirming that the conflict will terminate
in a manner conducive to the "honour of France
and the interest of the Holy See."
Contrary to the assertion, at which the legitimist
journals affected to be very irate, that the French
fleet was coming away from the Syrian tout
immediately, it is now stated that both the French
and English fleets will stay there till the winter.

The Bourse was firmer. Rente rose 20e. for
cash and 10c. for account, closing at 68fr. and
67fr. 90c. Mobilier rose Mr. Railways were
generally from 2fr. 50e. to 6fr. higher.
The case of M. Calley St. Paul stood for judg-
ment to-day at the Seventh Chamber of Correctional
Police, but at the sitting of the court the president,
without giving any reason, announced that the
matter was postponed for another week. There is a
rumour that things will be made pleasant. An
evening paper, however, states that the indisposi-
tion of one of the judges is the reason of the post-
ponement of the judgment. The first part of a
full report of the pleadings in this affair on the
11th, 18th, and 25th of July, which has hitherto
been kept back by very high interest, appears in
the Droit of this day.
M. Cremieux will defend M. Mires on his appeal,
but it is expected that the hearing will be ad-
journed from the 12th to the 19th.
The Imperial Court of Amiens has this day given
judgment in the great will ease of the Marquis de
Villette. It will be remembered that the marquis
left his very large landed property to the Bishop of
Moulins, Mgr. de Drell: Brea, who is a member of
an aristocratic family and closely allied with the
legitimist party. The validity of the will was con-
tested by the crown on the ground that the bishop
was in reality intended to be a trustee for the
Count de Chambord, who, by a special statute,
is incapable of taking property in France.
The bishop solemnly pledged himself that
he was not a trustee, and the Tribunal
of the First Instance decided,contrary to the plead-
ing of the public minister, that there was no
sufficient proof of the trust. But the telegraph
now informs us that this decision has been reversed.
The Appeal Court, admitting the good faith of
the bishop, is of opinion that the testator meant
him to be a trustee for the Count de Chambord,
and that the devise is therefore void. It is further
decided that a subsidiary devise to a M. Alfred
de Montreuil, who produced evidence against the
bishop in the hope of getting the estate for
himself, is also void, as tainted with au illegal
trust, and that the right heirs are entitled. The
case is • most romantic and extraordinary one, arid
• full report of the protracted pleadings would be
as good as • novel. Many people think that the
heirs, wbo all belong to great legitimist families,
and who did not come forward in the first instance,
but stated on appeal by their counsel that they were I
moved to interfere by indignation at the treason-
able conduct of M. Alfred de Montreuil, will, after
all, carry out the real intentions of the testator,
and make over the property, or at least the value
of it, to the Count de Chambord. The
French government fears that the disposi-
tion to leave property to the heir of the
old line of French kings may become epidemic
among rich legitimists. The estate of Villette,
which is near Chantilly, is one of the prettiest pro-
perties in France. Voltaire was • frequent guest
of the late marquis's father, and it was made an
argument by the counsel for the heirs that the
marquis could never have thought of leaving to a
bishop, for his own benefit, the numerous relies of
the infidel Voltaire which are to be found in the

chateau. The old marquis sent a poetical invite-
, lion to Voltaire in these terms :
Isis si Ton n'y voit pas his bergers de l'Astrie
Les diet': de Chantilly, 'ohm de eta hanseanx.
Du sejonr de leur empyrte,
Qnslquefois scot venni 'mitre i nos travaux.