The Express.
London, England, 1857-03-21 00:00:00

HOW GOLD 18 DISTRIBUTED.

(From the Nationsid.)
Gold continues to be exported quite as fast as it
is imported. Since the ommenceenent of the year, the stuck
of bunks in the Bank has continued to be very steely about
10,000,0001. Oaa er twice it has been a trifle below that
ma, bet goestelly km one to three hundred thorned
pounds above it. sub, with rare emptier root 10,080,0001.
was the rock theongleent the whole of 1866. It me never
but fur one week above 12,000,0001., and wee then in July
13,073,7581.; and was only in 1110101 week—See is Apil
and May, sad aix in October and November—below
10,000,0001., the lowest point basing been reached in the week
ended November B,when It was 9,530,1621. We begin, there-
fore, now block on 10,000,000/. ea =seething like the normal
or neormy seas fur the Bonk to hold, asks 1831-2 people Lu-
pe to think 110,000,0001. might be the true unit of safety.
Why re Beak, or lay any arks, should have &particular
quantity of gold, and why the people should be distressed or
armed r this quantity is not heildond eentinually frightened
when gold goes away or does not come in, more than when
any Mar commodity goes away or does not some in, reins
to be ass tithe unexplained mysteries of social life and of
mercantile neemities. Let us try to expiate it.
Gold is found My in restricted Madre.; and it cannot,
like sager and erten end torn, by may set be increased in
quantity according to the want of it by the Libre of man-
kind. At the amen time it I. Judie/Jerrie es the ram-
met of exchange. latterly a very great addition has pro-
videntially been made to the supply ; hut the customary law
of distributer, which obviously forbids it being heaped up
in any re piece, must convince us that we cannot, do what
we may—though the bulk of the new supply be found in our
own territory—retain more than our share. Gold being en
article of which the quantity cannot ho increased indefinitely
by Wier, and being more like strorpherie air (of which
trey urn and leery ostion must have a proportionate Mare
or be dies) than like cottons or woollens (which may be dis-
pensed with or for which subritutoi may be found), there is
a provideatial mesas of distributing it as well as providing a
gefirlir.
What oar ern of the general mpply is, we can only
learn from eagettenee ; but whatever it way be, we use all
kinds of mere—benkrotes, clearing-home, banking ac-
counts, kilts of exeltengs ke.—to direr with it as much
as possible. Precious es it is, we are always trying to lend
or to 'peed it Every teething we can spar we send abroad
to buy things which we regard us mem earful them gold.
Whenever it ran be mold to advantage, the bullion merchant
mills it ; and at premed every person Is drives to keep his
stock as low an pomible.
AU individuals and all Mims act, ea the rule, on this
principle. Only hare and there der a miser heard op his
gold, or from old prejudices prefer to keep it rather than to
lend es to nee it. It is now a rare thing for a nation or a
sovereign actually to hoard as a corporate body. AU the
mercantile dares of every nation, now wing the word in
the most raged sense of exchangers, get rid of the gold,
buying with It other things as fait as they can. Thus all
persona are desirous of distributing it through the world,
and such a general dire, like the appetite fur food, sub-
seem a good prime in the economy of society.
On the principle just rated, it distribute' pretty fairly the
providential supply of the marry instrument of exchange
ameaget all the people end nations of Meath, erring to
their respective wants. That this le for our benefit, and
equally foe the bark of others, is palpable from the ex-
changes by which it is distributed being in all eases volun-
tarily aide. They me made for the beret of the changers,
and corer advantage. on them. Our purchases, by mane
of gold and silver, of the corn of Russia and the tea of Chin
help to promote the civilisation of there dratant portions of
' the earth. They are approximating to a condition that we
have already attained or have gone beyond, and in which
they need for the rigors of exchange menet them indi-
vidually those prier of the precious metals which we Gam
superior contrivenom—Som the bulk of us being abler read
end write, while may el then an not—can diaper* with.
But es they rake men exchanged amongst themselves they
will advance in civilisation—they will, like us, have mere to

sell to others; and thus the gold and silver which we have
bought, sad which in are continually sending away to bay
goods Eton thou will Mad to improve thorn, and maks them
better usighbonn and batter customers to ma and all civilised
re*.

LORD /OILY IN THE CITY.
(Front the Leader.)

Lord lobs Russell is not to be put down. If he
had made alit ennies for himself, government had made fa-
aides far him by Lord Palmerston's wanton declaration
against Token. We see Lord Granville's repudition of an
ond.rokoulag position for ministers, and we have no doubt
that his npassataticat is correct. But the avowal has tut-
intenstaly caned Wagon to the feet, that Lord Palmer-
mks Idmeelf hes never been a reformer ; that he has coun-
tenoted Lad John Reseal ; that he has sided with those
coneyssa In any abbe* who have been against further pro-
ems ; and the be ii-03 far is domestic politic are con-
eanted—what Yr. Disraeli calla him, a tory minister at the
head of a radical cabinet. Bo far se Lord Palnicrston's in-
dividual Inatome goes, we are not to have reform, end with
that knowledge Lord John's position is decidedly improved.
He did not weaken it by his address to his supporters on
Thursday. His complaint is that he was being disclaimed
without a hearing. Erin a private gentleman or a mairehant
deektag to part with an old servant, would give some
werldng; would say, "John, I think your faculties son
somewhat decayed. Yon are growing old. You have mods
morel mistakes lately. Do you know I think of potting a
pew men whom I have sent for from Northampton in
your *tor dad then John would have "an opportunity
of aisswerfeg end saying why he thought his faculties were
net yet so very much impaired is to render him unable to
p mist* bin awoke for some flee or di yam longer."
Netball ewe be better than this ;it is plata sense,—ft la
laglbbfatiag ; sad election matters ere not governed only
by nem or cialeuktkin. God forbid I Feeling rates into
them, and if Lord John bed made ten times the mistakes he
her, we emit, we will not, forget what he has done. When
It was the practise for e i lords to support tory views, Lord
John steed op Abe the rights of those who had not the suf-
frage; fit horst representation Inotosd of corrupt boroughs;
for the rights if diseentas and the removal of their odious
testa and died:Miss; as, to thin day, he is standing up for
the rights of the Jews. It would have been wretched policy
in the City if they had elected Baron Lionel de Rothschild
solely to assert the right of every Englishman, of whatever
origin, to equality before the kw, and had cashiered the very
man who had been sustaining that right in the days when
others did not take it up,—in the days when Lord Palmer-
den was a tory.
To show the comparative value to the country, at this
meesnie, oldie two statesmen, we had a tea lately. Mr.
Locke King proposed a very moderate instalment of suffrage
I extension. Lord John voted for it, Lord Palmation against
ft, Host of Lord l'almerstat's colleagues would have voted

for fa lOU hnil M VMS. If he had, it Irma have ban
canted by a lemeidentille majority, and the hif Mad likely
world ham= age estaasiMbelpleg as te
other sailkme
Then was one pekt which Lard John did ant esplabl,
&WA he Wes celled upon. Somebody cried cat, " What
shoat Vienna!" Bir Jams Graham did a public sank*
lately, though be did not sees his own repute, by
dissiesing the Mt, that in the cabinet of 1064 Pidmrston
wee the °baguettes of Loud John's Itelhem B. Mato(
Islam It before Or Jamie peached, bat be his estsblished
the historical fact. We haves strong impression that Lord
John could give a Mar amount of what happened shout
Vienna. This we know, that than me lem Miasma be-
tween ministers and himself than the Meads of ministers
pretend. Bat he did not Wien to defend himself by violating
the ocalidsnos of his cabinet. Perhaps he mind this
pssetilio too far, bat it was en honourable mom.
There have been cooadoes when we hays Men eccapaned
to abides severely Lord John's shortcomings, bat surely he
is better than men who do not come at all. At this moment
he represents the most tried, the most cunt, the roost in-
deintal advocates of sudrap artession. He could get
something of that kind done for es. If there is any feeling
in the country favourabio to the Mansion of the same,
Lord John la the man who embodies the leadership of that
appeal. If the country sets him aside to go for Pabmestca,
it eels side that suffrage extension which is the teal key to
Mom.

The Economist, numerating the services of Lord
John Rumen to the cause of free trade, adds :—" ♦ minister
who has accomplished all this (leaving out of sight altogether
the claims which his earlier distinguished eerier had given
him upon the liberal party) cannot lightly be reelected by the
great commercial constituency of the city of London. That
constituency hes hitherto given additional lustre and
influence to • name, already justly regarded as one
of the leading statesmen of the day:—and it Is not
too much to say that he has dons honour to
those who have hitherto elected him. Public men of
wei •ht and influence are becoming every day more rare.
Though Lord John has done much himself to damage his
own weight and influence, and to endanger his future use-
fulness to this country, yet we must own that we should
deeply regret to see so distinguished a statesman, who, not-
withstanding all his recent errors, has done so much valuable
writs, incur the censure and displeasure of so gnat • con-
stituency as that of the city of Landon, so far as to be re-
jected in the coining =teat. This we do not believe will be
the case."

The Saturday Review soya:—" Apart from all
personal feeling—which certainly, however, ought tohave its
weight with the electors who a few yeen ago invited Lord
John Unwell to contact London—we believe that the City
liberals cannot better serve the cause to which they profess
to be devoted, than by once more returning Lord John
ltuewll to vindicate, so their representative, the principles
of domestic policy to which he has adhered throughout his
long caner."