The Express.
London, England, 1861-03-22 00:00:00

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rw. most be at law sec% 11. Daorortertrryt, by Two
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IrR Wllkinn. Mtn Vanity BUrling, Skis E. BayJon.—And tICEJL:t
LADYSIAL) AND MLA CHlLDltEt.—Coatiotact at T.

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lach.roi —AM HAKIM. Maw redder, Graham. ghorr,
Meriuwa. aa4 Pollee: Mos Iliworthy, you Heath.

ST. JAIM
Ten STENOS. NT cairnJOClLE.
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TRAP= Eleeees.A. terey; Ws. lieeklasbam White.
—Surd IN DEMON. C. Tani red lobar* . Wises SR
Cum Untied. esdieenc—Cerimpee et Yapese 7.

BRITANNIA.
Tin [Tina, THIL VICTIM OP DISSIPATION. Mew. J.
keynolda and Cranford. Slime L Clayton and Donning. —LOB-
LINK: Or. The Midas and Its Ulna. Mho L Jacolo, Mrs. Lane.
—AndOSJULI LANES AND BLUE WATZILS. Mr } VarnohL

MON WATER AT LONDON BRIDOL
TEA DST—Manly, IL Me.....Alksrassa. 111. •Cin
Tanosaow—ilorafts Ilk ma... ..Aftesses. IA Wm

LONDON, FRIDAY, MARCH 22.

Barons Parliament adjourns for the holidays
there will be, we hope, sonic expression of opinion
in the House of Commons with reference to
events in Poland. Government seldom volunteers
information regarding affairs of the kind ; and
habitually, perhaps not unreasonably, abstains
from passing judgment or tendering advice pub-
licly to the rulers of a friendly State. Yet there
are circumstances in which, if called upon, Go-

vemment can hardly refuse to say whether or not
they concur in tho sentiment entertained by the
nation at large respecting treaty rights and obli-
gations, even though the answer may for a mo-
ment ruffle the complacent equanimity of a des-
potic ally. For our part we have no desire to
foster feelings of irritation between this country
and Russia ; and have oftentimes avowed our
readiness to ascribe to the present CZAR senti-
ments and aspirations worthy of commendation.

The great work of serf emancipation, in which he
has at length taken a decided and irreversible
step, entitles him to especial forbearance, even
when his other acts do not command our approval.
But, upon tho whole, we had rather he were
encouraged by disinterested words of favour from
afar, than driven back into the arm, of the re-
actionary party, by whom he is closely beset.
His position is one of great difficulty, and not un-
accompanied with danger. We are firmly con-
vinced, however, that his best chance of eventual
triumph lies in the observance of the great maxim
of all wise crriceesion, 11eels restigia ertromin. It
is not for en to say at what rate the work of
liberalisation in Russia should proceed ; the only
thing we do say with confidence is—let not an
awakening people be perplexed and made sus-
picious by the taking back of what has once been
yielded. The wants and expectations of Poland
rest, however, upon a wholly different footing.
Russia and her confederates in the partition of
that country consented, at the general re-settle-
ment of Europe in 1815, to take out a new lease
each and all of them, in which were inserted
certain distinct and important covenants, securing
certain essential immunities and benefits to all the
inhabitants of the dismembered territories COW
prised before 1772 in the ancient Kivjetost of
Poland. The language of the fourteenth article
of the general Treaty of Vienna, and of the
sections that follow it, is very remark-
able is this respect, that it recognises
unmistakeably the distinctive nationality of the
Poles, and their right to representative institu-
tions, and the maintenance of their native lan-
page in education and in law. The admission
'Arty be taken as a proof that even in the conclave
of conquerors and despots there was a rag of con-
science left. Forty years of dismemberment had
not sufficed to extinguish the consciousness of

being a separate race and nation ; and had NAPO-
LEON, when at Warsaw, in 1812, proclaimed him-
self their deliverer and restorer, instead of rush-
ing madly onward to his doom at Moscow, the
whole story of his fate and of that of Central
Europe during the half century that has since
elapsed would have been changed. Tired of un-
availing talk about the shamefully-violated Treaty
of Vienna, the Poles no longer care to revert to its
dead letter ; and others have no right to force
its terms upon them ; for those terms are after all
but in the nature of limitations of that full liberty
which we, as a free people, must ever hold to be in-
defeasibly theirs. But, as one of the signatories
to the vaunted territorial settlement of 1815,
England not only has a right to recal attention to
the conditions for which, as a minimum, she ex-
pressly stipulated, but she is bound, in season and
out of season, to insist upon their observance.
Into technical details we do not wish to enter ;
but about the general spirit of that portion of the
Treaty of 1815 to which we have referred there
can be no question. It plainly indicates the pre-
servation of specific national rights to the Poles
as Poles, whether living under the territorial
sovereignty of Russia, Austria, or Prussia. With
bitter truth it may be said that this indomitable
and indestructible people have kept the Treaty
which their Sovereigns have broken, for they have
clung to the political idiosyncrasy inherited from
their fathers, said preserved their native dialect
and traditions, while their schools and colleges
have been shut up, their ancient statutes set aside,
their elective privileges suppressed, and their right
to bear arms denied them. No change of time or
circumstance can exonerate England from the moral
obligation of remonstrating earnestly and urgently
whenever occasion offers against the breach of
faith which has been thus committed; nothing can
justify her neglect of duty if she omit to expostu-
late with her absolutist allies regarding their
breach of covenant with her and with the rest of
Europe in this respect. We have shown ourselves
ready enough to admonish the Bavarian King of
Gaerce and the Bourbon Lord of Name so long
as one existed ; yet our obligations to do so were
in no way comparable with those by which we are
bound to demand justice for Poland.
The moment, too, seems propitious for the
utterance of friendly words of wholesome counsel.
Symptoms of yielding and of a desire to temporise
if not to conciliate aro manifest in what we know of
the conduct of the Russian Government during the
last fortnight. The national schools of learning
are ordered to ho re-opened ; and it is even said
that some of the old profeseors long since depend
are to be readmitted to their chairs. The muni-
cipalities aro being reconstituted on the elective
basis ; and the inhabitants of Warsaw have already
made choice of Count AnDaaw &minin and
other men of known probity and experience,
to act as their town councillors. The con-
duct of the population of the ancient
capital has throughout been above all
praise. They have endeavoured to distinguish
between the friends of moderation and malignant