The Express.
London, England, 1861-07-19 00:00:00

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LONDON, FRIDAY, JULY 19.

TO OIIR READERS.

SPORTING INTILLIOENCE.

A late edition of the Express is published every
evening during the racing season, containing the
results of the day's races.

PRISIOSNT Lx.wcour's Message sets at rest, with
the aimplicityof =unchangeable resolve, many idle
rumours of a compromise between the so-called
State rights of a rebellious minority, and the fun-
damental principles of national union and national
sovereignty which WASHINGTON bequeathed to the
people of the United States se " sacredly obli-
" gatory• on all," as " the main pillar in the
" eddies of real independence," as the support of
tranquillity at home, of peace abroad, of safety, of
prosperity, of liberty itself. Is that goodly fabric
of self-ruling freedom to remain one nation, or to
be split op into as many mutually destructive
tyrannies as the terrorism of rapacious minorities
may establish by virtue of a pretended right
of secession 1 Mr. Locout shows that the malig-
nant fallacy of the rebel leaders means nothing
more or less than the complete destruction of the
National Union. This was in fact the very fal-
lacy &Oast which Wasetworcce prophetically
warned his fellow-citiaine in hie farewell message.
And if the National Union of thirty-four, instead
of thirteen States, is now mailed by a fatal combi-
nation of internal enemies, so much the more
heinons is the sophism. The Message of the
Pow or..Nr plainly treats the war, which a league
of parricides has provoked, as a struggle for national
existence.

If the national Government was unable to strike
the first blow, it is now in a position to secure by
energetic action the sympathy of foreign powers
with an inflexible purpose to maintain the Union
undiminished and unimpaired. To make the con-
test short and decisive, the PRESIDENT asks for legal
means to take advantage of the irrepressible pa-
triotism of the people, and to turn to the best
account those lavish offerings of blood and treasure
which almost perplex the discretion of the Execu-
tive. How faithfully Mr. Li:mous treads in the
footsteps of the Founder of the Republic his argu-
ment against the pretended sovereignty of the
several States bean witness. It is the corollary
of the emphatic and large declarations of Wass-
=wrest himself. " The very idea," said WASE-
nrorox, "of the power and the right of
" the people to establish government preenp-
" poses the duty of every individual to obey
"the established government." Nothing lass
than "an explicit and authentic act " of the whole
people could change " the constitution which
"at any time exists." " The States," says Mr.
Lisrcous, "have their status in the Union, and
" they have ❑o other legal status." " The Union
" pre each of them whatever independence and
" liberty it has." The plea of State-sovereignty,
that is, of disruption of the Union, is sheer re-
bellion. If it be a principle, it is the principle of
disintegration, "upon which no government can
" possibly endure ;' if it be a right, it is the right
of a minority to repudiate its obligations, and of
every State in turn to secede from all the rest.
It is the negation not only of all national law,
honour, sad duty, but of all national life.
It seems impossible that this plain unvarnished
speech of the Republican PRESIDENT should
net sink deep into the hearts and consciences of a
people possessed of any moral sense, of any reve-
rence for the memory of the great founder of
their liberties, of any hopes or interests beyond the
pinions or the appetites of the hour. And Pre-
sident Lievuor bean proud and solemn witness
t►at in troth " the plain people" know well that
" this is essentially a people's contest." The Se-
cessional oligarchy deliberately " press out of
" view the rights of men and the authority of the
" people." Their elections are held in military
camps, their state papers are eloquent on the
rights of minorities. On the side of the l'inon
the struggle is felt to be one for " maintaining
" a form and substance of government" under