The Northern Daily Times.
Liverpool, Merseyside, England, 1853-12-20 00:00:00

arranged. In alluding to the recent occurrences
at-I-Tavana;, the President complains of the loose
Way in which the government of Spain treats the
application of the American government for
redress for the injuries sustained by American
citizens. To avoid the irritating and vexatious
delitYs complained of, a proposition was made to
provide a direct appeal for redress to the Captain
General by the States consul; but the Spanish
gOverninent has declined to enter into such an
arrangement; and on this point the President
says :—" This course on their part is deeply re-
" gretted ; for, without some arrangements of this
" kind, the good understanding between the two
" countries maybe exposed to occasional interrup-
" tion."

The message next alludes to the recent misun
derstanding between the American and Austrian
governments on the losta adatr ; and after a care-
ful consideration of the case, it appears that the
President came to the conclusion that KOSTA was
seized without authority—that be Was Wrong.
fully detained by the Austrian authorities—that
at the time of his seizure he was clothed
with the nationality of the United States, and that
therefore, the acts of the American officers were
justifiable, and having been fully approved of, a
compliance with the several demands of the. Aus-
trian governMent had been deClined. Here a
brief reference is made to the official correspon-
dence, and the President takes leave of the subject
with this significant assurance :—" The principles
" and Policy therin maintained on the part of the
" United States, will, whenever proper occasion
" occurs, be applied and enforced."
With respect to France the message says:—
" With France our relations continue on the
" most friendly footing, The extensive commerce
" between the United States and that country,
" might, it is conceived, be released from some un-
" necessary restrictions. to the mutual advantage
"of both parties. With a view to this object, some
progress has been made in negotiating a treaty of
" 'commerce and navigation."
From this point the PRESIDENT goes on to trace the
results of various matters_ connected with events
in Japan, China, Peru, Brazil, and Mexico, and,
after drawing several vast deductions from the rapid
strides the States have made in every department
of civilised life, he says, with all the solemnity of
truth :—" The United States have continued gra-
dually and steadily to expand, through acquisitions
of territory, which, how much soever some of them
may have been questioned, are now universally
seen and admitted to have been wise in policy, just
in character, and a great element in the advance of
our country, and, with it, of the human race, in
prosperity, and in happiness. The thirteen States
have grown to be thirty one, with relations yeaching
to Europe on one side, and on the other to the
distant regions of Asia."
In reference to 'the internal condition of the
States, and the policy of Government, the PRESI-
DENT is no less explanatory than we find him on
foreign affairs. He traces with great care and
perspicuity the great principles which constitute
the organic -basis of the great union of States over
which he has been called to preside, and while he
glories in the effective democracy of the nation, he
describes tile vital essence of its being and its
greatness. He demands, as a primary duty, the
utmost integrity and fidelity on the part of those,
concerned in administering the high trusts reposed
in them by the constitution, especially in the ap-
plication of the public funds drawn from the
taxation of the people, and appropriated to specific
objects. Of the revenue he says :—" Ours
"si almost, . if not absolutely, the solitary
" power of Christendom, having a surplus revenue,,
" drawn immediately from imports on commerce,
" and therefore measured by the spontaneous en-
" terprise and national prosperity of the country,
" with such indirect relation to agriculture, maim-
" factures, and the products of the earth and sea,
so as to violate no constitutional doctrine, and
yet vigorously promote the general welfare." The
revenue thus alluded to is levied almost insensibly
to the tax-payer, and goes on from year to year
increasing beyond the actual political interest of
the States, and even beyond the prospective wants
of the Government.
The amount of the National securities of all
classes was, on 4th of March in this year, 69,190,037
dollars. Of which 12,703,329 dollars have since
been paid off, leaving a balance of only 56,486,708
dollars, which is also in course of liquidation.
Having thus prepared for the redemption of tide
National Debt, the next object of importance is the
Tariff, and the message states that " the plan
suggested by the Secretary of the Treasury, is to
reduce the duties on certain articles, and to add to
the free lists many articles now taxed, and especially
such as enter in manufactures, and are not largely,
or at all, produced iu the country, is corn mended
to your candid and careful consideration." The
announcement here made will not take the
readers of the NORTHERN DAILY TIMES by surprise,
as we made them acquainted with the intention of
the American government on this vital subject
upwards of a month since, and in nearly the precise
words used in the Message .
On the subject of railways, in_which England has
so deep an interest, the President, after reviewing

the great commercial and political interests at

stake, states, that surveys were designed to ascer-
tain the most practical and economical route for a

railroad from the Mississippi to the Pacific Ocean,

and that within proper limits and to the extent of
the interest of the government involved, it would
seem both expedient and proper, if an economical

and practicable route shall be found, to aid, by all
constitutional means, in the construction of a road

which will unite, by speedy transit, the populations
of the Pacific and Atlantic States. And to obviate

all difficultY that might arise from the general

government's interfering with the administration

of railroads within the limits of the several states
to be traversed, it is proposed that Government

interference in all such undertakings, shall be

incidental rather than primary.
In urging the propriety of Government aid in
promoting these stupendous undertakings, the
President bases his arguments on the successive
decennial returns of the census since the adoption
of the constitution, which have revealed a law of
steady progressive development, which, in general

terms, is taken as a duplication every quarter of a
century. Carried forward, from the point already
reached, for only a short period of time as appli-
cable to the existence of a nation, this law of

progress, if unchecked, will lead to almost
incredible results. A large allowance for a dimi-
nished proportional effect of emigration would not
very materially reduce the estimate, while the
increased average duration of human life, known
to have already resulted from the scientific and

hygienic improvements for the past fifty years, will
tend to keep up through the next fifty, or perhaps
hundred, the same ratio of growth which has been
thus revealed in past progress. In the addition to
these sources of progressive greatness, an influx of

large masses of labouring people is looked for
from Eastern Asia on the Pacific side of the Union,

while it is believed many States already existing

around, and as it were within, the Union, yielding
to the natural attraction of so vast, powerful, and

prosperous a confederation of self-governing Re-