The Express.
London, England, 1850-04-22 00:00:00

Vie erpreini.

OUTGOING NAIL&
Tbe Marseille*, to Me Ibiliterraseite, Nape,
Cerise, led* How lioag, M., will be mode up co
Me male,/ of April 24.
TM mite for British North Amyl's end the Ultima
Iltatet will be mode./ as Me mein 1 Aptil 26.
TM mile Int Limbos, 13,4tha, sad eywelar will be mile
ATM MA
Mort Wet Yak. imietibett permit* artigasab.
Nome. limeares, N.W Odom MoLllesiso, sad exelsdlai
them for Illedoin, St. Jemilwassimat, New Gram*
met lon, will be modes* es Nay
• TM mai wed boom APO. will
le mho ew es the 44h of Ng.
Gibmiter.lielte. Orme, tbe iveisa lamb.
Oeibm. led* wed Cbias. vie Ikettbemece,
7•76.• up ea Om mean of hay 10. .

*IOU VAT= A? LONDON MUMS
h. Day—lAgvANolo, Acumr..)l% INK
twoosse.—MarmalA lIA M AMMONS.

LOIIDON, MOYDAT, APRIL 22.

Tneu is no form of government, after all, in which,
the attachment of subjects to sovereigns ie so ladle-
leasable es in despotism. No despotism has ever
maintained its& for any time, if it had seared to
summand a strong feeliog of blind and unreasoning
loyalty. The throne of the CZAR is firm, at least
OS far as the loam of his people are con
owned : they worship the holder of the
imperial seat like a god. The sacred per-
fen of the SULTAN in mend by all Mahometans.
Faiteets of At STZIA *VA a foolish king, but he was
much revered, and the dynasty that reigns at Vienna
survived and overcame Turkish invasion, Prussian
rivalry, protestant resistance, and French victories
by the strong feelings of loyalty and attachment
to the paternal government, which animated Austrians
and Hungarians. The old Bins of France
were aloe hedged in by a majesty that every Freoeh-
man respected. Unfortunately for the raer, the, per
sated in despotism after loyalty had evaporated, and
after respect for kings had given way to a desire for
freedom and fair government.
The monarchs of Europe, all of those almost, driven'
from their thrones tad power by ono revolution or
asether. have recovered their thronea The Porn
has just resumed his chair. Although Louis
PHILIPPE in still at Claremont, be has something of
an alter ego on the throne of France, supported by the
same puny, served by the same statesmen, and
guided by pretty much the Name policy. In all, how-
ever, the old principle of monarchic rale hubeen dis-
placed or lost. Not one of these sovereigns can
reckon on the loyal attachment of his subject'.
All depend, more or lees. on the soldiers they have
around them, and the officers in their pay. In other
words. paternal despotism has made way for military
tyranny. How long, is it supposed, that such a
system, not merely in one but in all states, can last ?
It is not France, it is not Spain; but it is three-fourths
of Europe, consisting of countries all contigunus
and alive to each other's fortunes and feelio go, that are in
this state. And this state is worse than we depict,
far worse than anything of the kind that ever
warred before. In previous years the people were
irritated with their governments, with their imbecility,
their faithlessness, their spoliation, their oppression.
Bat at present the people in a great pert of Europe
not only hate their rulers, but the classes which
support those rulers, and which in so many cases
have combined to cheat them of the smallest, the
most undeniable, the most equitable of their rights.
They have made revolutions, and, after they had
made them, trusted to providence, to the promises of
their kings, and to the fairness of the influential
and political classes. How have they been de-
ceived, how tricked, how crushed, how de-
cimated ! They rose in 1848 to revolution
with the froward spirit of schoolboys : they
brood over another with the ferocity of tigers;
and if they crouch, it is with the determination that
their next spring shall be sure.
We do not say this with exultation. Whatever
compassion we may have for the liberals of Europe,
and whatever admiration we may have for some
of them, we by no means sympathise with
all their hopes, nor do we approve of all
their purposes. And most rejoiced should we be
to think and to hope that the sovereigns of anarchiaed
countries could devise some mode or some aeries of
expedients to soothe the dormant spirit of revolution,
satisfy the cravings of discontent, and conciliate, by
wise, and large, and timely 03DONSi011, that mass of
popular wants and demands which, we verily believe,
no power and no force of armies can • .
On looking over the different revolutionised
countries, however, we see few, very few rulers, taking
any steps to conciliate their people. The organs
amongst us, which in the day of struggle abetted the
cause, and made vows for the triumph, of despotic
courts, told us how benignant and well intentioned
wets those courts. The Emperor of AUSTRIA
was to give a constitution; the King of NAPLES
was to restore freedom and independence to
the Sicilians. The POPS was to be once more the
father of his people. A year has elapsed, and what
has become of all these fair promises? Have execu-
tions ceased in Hungary? Or has terrorism disap-
peared from Palermo? In Naples itself, to have been
a coostittitionalist is enough to consign any man to
a dungeon.
One or two states are. indeed, making laudable
efforts. In Piedmont there are fair hopes of a
constitutional system surviving, at least till Austria
inquires the leisure and the arrogance to insist on its
abrogation. The Prussian government aleo has made
a double essay of a constitutional system, both for the
monarchy and for Germany. Neither are yet such
as to satisfy the German people, and to rally their
trust and their affections back to the throne. Still
the attempt is making; time and events, and the
development of a spirited and liberal policy may com-
pass the achievement, and convert once more a mili-
tary and intimidating government into* civilian ands
popular one.
As to Austria, we believe it and its statesmen
incapable of even making the experiment. We see in
KLAPEA'd memoirs that from the moment the Hunga-
rian Diet decreed that the native army should
remain within the Hungarian frontier, nor move
beyond it save with the consent of the parliament,
from that moment the Vienna ministry abandoned all
good faith. Any such local rights, it saw, were incom-
patible. with the existence of the monarchy ; and, in
truth, A lives by the sword, and can live but by an
stoantrolled use of it.

To the same complexion has ems the Pore, poor
Pio Noxo ! He returns to his flock with the power
over it given him by foreign bayonets. Of all the
despotisms in the world, that of the POPE wee the
most dependent on popularity. PlO NONO was not
the first pontiff who sought to be the favourite of his
psopla Pontiff after pontiff has triad this after the
Whim and ideas of the age. Bat a pontiff, abhorred
by the Romans, and keeping his supremacy over
them, like the old and pett tyrants of Italy, immune
of foreign treroenarite is impossible. A Pope
that cannot head a procession, that cannot abed a
blessing from a balcony, a successor of the apostles
that cannot show himself to the multitude without
being accursed by it—that is no longer the old pope-
dom. Who that has seen and known the Pore., fol-
lowed by his harmless and parti-coloured guards, the
people kneeling at his approach—let him imagine
a pontiff guarded by cuireasiere, his portal protected
by guns, and welcome echoed to him by paid abirri
This is worse than the paternal Emperor of Avant*
with the Croats: alone to poy him filial duty, or
than the successor of NAPOLEON. lower on the poll
than the first corporal whom it msy please the
socialists to elect.

We do not see nay hope for the recovery of papal
potter. The at pontiff has flog himself into
the hands of the old retrograde faction, whieh will
sot permit the appoiatismateon of a onsulta, or lay
swam. And -PIO IL May be ooesidered as
defunct. His seccoser, in the present sentim•nts of
the conclave, will Inevitably be as Austrian Pop., or
solo priest eqully opposed to every sentiment of the
time. So that the schism between the Homan and
Italian people and their great, sacerdotal regime will
but widen each day, until circumstances aft* ad all
Ousts, upper, middle, aid lower, the oppwtuoity to
accomplish thew first desire, that of sweeping away
that incubus tplon Italian independence, unity, and
freedom—the Papacy.

Tnz absolute necessity of patting a stop to intra-
mural istermente Ia the metropolis with the hest
powible delay, and the difficulties thrown in the way
of each a memos by sextette, pariah clerks, parochial
clergy, and others claiming a " vested interest " in
the perpetuation of anti-sanitary town grave-yards,

ovo PG obvious
sanest to almost

stop to the
arouse is

appointment
worrentabio.

cession of
S
t
Nate, there ,
tan Interments-Bill Ms awakened some
in ear mind--has stirred cap. a. lino _tha.
chi of radicalism adage uie—we beg to be en-,
diseested as ready to waive any objectlees to aikido
Ilinprovisoe, if there be the least danger of prunt-
lag or impeding•its peeing. • Bat we honestly un-
ited that there are some things in it we meld with to
ere
The bill is keg and rather complisatsd.
however was inevitable. It would othapirke be
boss impossible to stroegle sided theimillhalithl
=who would keep permanent reotiptaeles of
posies sad deathaptuding aseetahty ink
alleys arid thronged thoroughfares of the City.
last been for thof necessity of giving security to
thee worthies against any pecuniary leer, the bill
"Wit have been esadensid within one-half of its
Waal proportions.
The dry-six model clauses to- which it setae&
centain provisions for cresting ale metropolitan
burial district ; for °resigning a central machinery to
sdadaiber the interment business of this astristi
Pali& regulatioes for the oddest's of this seated
administration ; arrangements for raising hada, ars-
quids, property, paying debts, &e. alto. Ste.
The management of the metropolitan burial die
trhe hto be vested in the Board of Health, with as
sigielsoal member, whose attention is •be
he more especially directed to the busi-
ness created under the act. In other words.'
the burial arrangemeots of the metropolis are to'
be serried out by nominees of the ministry for the
time being, responsible to them alone, and removable
by them at pleasure. This is another step in that
central sing precise by which the whole local govern-
ment of the metropolitan districts threatens to be
ultimately transferred to the general government.
As a permanent arrangement we are exceedingly jea-
lous ofench a transfer. The accounts of the cemetery
managers are indeed to be annually laid before par-
liament, but parliament has little time or taste for the
investigation of mere local grievances. The great
innovation in the conduct of metropolitan interments
which is necessary has reconciled 11. to the toss
emery appointment of a dictator, or dictators, with
large powers to carry it into effest; but not to the
11-7 t withdrawal of all control in the matter
.s.esident householders and beads of families.
The burial member of the Board of Health, with his
lame staff and extensive dealings, is a rather alarming
addition to ministerial patronage.
The Board of Health is authorised by the bill to
appoint chaplains to officiate io the turyiog grounds.
Could the funeral ureic* not be conducted by the,
clergyman of the church to which the deceased be-
-longed, or of the parishes in which the new masts*"
are situated ? No addition will be made by the
new arrangements to the number of funerals: how
oomes an additional staff of ecelesiasticsl performers
at funerals to be required? There is something am-
oebas in the portion of an ecclesiastic whose busi-
ness it is to read the funeral service and do nothing
more. Beside., such apprintments are likely to come
to be looked on as stepping stones to other ecclesiee-
tical appointments through government patronage.
The Board of Health is empowered to make pro-
vision for the management and conduct of funerals by
persons appointed by them. The aim of this pubs
is obvious; it strikes at the abuses, or alleged abuse.
of the existing system of undertaker funerals. Any-
thing that could check indecent canvassing in thisline
of business, or systematic overcharge, without occ won-
ing worse evils, is desirable. But knowing uwe do
that the worst features of the present system have their
origin in alliances between individual nidertskcrs and
the officials in the existing burial-grounds, we suet
be allowed to doubt whether indecent jobbing at the
expense of bereaved relations will be put an end to by
transferring the opportunities of carrying it on from
parish clerks and sextons to government wardens, as-
sistants, and gravediggers.
But the most objectionable provision of the act is
that which empowers the Bowed of Health, in order
to pay the salaries prescribed in this bill, and the
debts they may incur in carrying it into execution, to
impose a rate in all districts of which they have
ordered the old burial grounds to be chirped, in every
year when the fees received by them are inadequate
to meet their expenditure. TEAS is an addition to the
already too numerous local rates, imposed without
cot suiting the rate-payers, and often in defiance, of
their remonstrances.

The essential object of the bill is to create an ad-
ministrative authority, with power to shut up old and
surcharged burial-grounds among the urban dwellings
of men, and to open new ones where the health of
the community cannot be injuriously affected by
them. Surely it is possible to accomplish this without
depriving local rate-payers of their constitutional con-
trol over the rates they are to pay, or adding to our
ministerial establishments a new one with a auspi-
ciously wide range of patronage and great tempta-
tions to jobbing.
We have admitted the necessity of making oonces-
liens to the " vested interests " in order to facilitate
the carrying of the bill. - Nevertheless it dose appear
to us that this conciliatory spirit has in one or two
instanoes been carried rather too far by its framers.
Tree Board of Health is empowered in certain circum-
stances on the payment of fees to grant licenses for
interments in the vaults of churches and chapels.
this senseless and unhealthy practice, begun in
superstition and perpetuated by a sordid spirit
of speculation, ought to have been peremptorily
forbid. Again, a power is reserved to the crown
to permit interments in the Cathedral Church of St.
Paul's, London, and the Collegiate Church of St.
Peter's, Westminster. If there be any churches in
the metropolis which from their centrical position,
and from the overcrowded state of at least one of
them as a plain of sepulchre, ought to be closed
against all future burials at once and for ever, it is
precisely the two in which a back-door is thus left
open for the continuance of the practice.
The blots on the measure for the reform of metro-
politan interments, which we have pointed out, do not
appear very difficult to erase. We invite the atten-
tion of parliament to them ; at the same time we
should be loth to see any delay interposed to the
speedy shutting up of oar sepulchral laboratories of
metropolitan pestilence.

>vials that we are • ' to ea 'lsps
slant ay bill that w •••4 a
e practice. The a • ' •
••••
e one of those •
rat of an
hie. We never Uttar
an administrative guest:lca wr straggly
rd to passive obedience.
therefore, the perusal d the ministerial