The Express.
London, England, 1861-03-11 00:00:00

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LONDON, MONDAY, MARCH 11.

Tut coolness and courage with which the chief
men of Poland turned a shameful massacre into an
occasion for sending a solemn petition and remon-
strance to the CZAR, have nowhere been more ad-
mired than in England, where, certainly from no
indisposition to grasp the sword firmly when other
means fail, the remedial force of reason is
relied on more than in any other country in
the world. It is now more than a week
since we beard of the grave crisis at Warsaw
which General &Bunter's folly had precipi-
tated, and as yet we know nothing certainly of
the measures by which the CZAR is likely to con-
front it. The information on this subject
published by tho German press is either
trivial and inconsequent, or of doubtful
authority. The order to inquire strictly into the
conduct of the military on the 27th, if it really
came from St. Petersburg, may be no more than
an exercise of discipline over a general whose
thoughtlessness has got his master into trouble ;
and besides, like some other expedients simi-
larly announced, it usefnlly occupies an interval
of reflection, and enables the Russian Government
to gain the time which it much needs. The most
positive news we get is that regiments are march-
ing from all points upon Warsaw, and that the
garrison of that city is daily reinforced by new
arrivals. Even this concentration of military force

tells nothing of the disposition of the Imperial Go-
vernment. It is a measure which a sovereign might
adopt with the best intentions. Of oourse the con-
scious possession of power by a Government brings
with it the temptation to trust to repressive
measures instead of removing causes of uneasiness.

But if the ersa is to lead the Polish nation
through the present trials to • better mode of
political existence, he will need to be strong. We
have seen within these twenty years embarrassed
Governments seek to propitiate the people by de-
grading the army, but in every instance • terrible
rehabilitation of military honour has ensued. A
people must have cultivated civic virtue very
highly indeed not to be debauched by the spec-
tacle of a demoralised and degraded government
at their mercy. This is not the case of a cam-
paign, where the arrival of a regiment may turn
the fortune of war, otherwise we should'regret the
military movements reported. The conviction pre-
vails universally among the patriots that nothing
could more injure the common cause than a hasty and
inconsiderate appeal to arms. The military spin:
of Poland may well be content for • time to nourish
itself upon the deeds of the great day of Grochow,
but for the present it has no pressing occupation.
Meanwhile, the state of public feeling at Warsaw
is becoming painfuL A new future has opened
to the nation—a future of which an that is certain
is that, in the most favourable case, it will demand
the exercise of the highest prudence and many se,
crifices. The civil populations cherish the senti-
ment of their late troubles by the aid of emblems
and celebrations. Rut black missals and immortelles
and portrait& of the fallen will soon be forgotten in
the demands of an onward political career, or pro-
scribed as criminal demonstrations by the Govern-

went. Ihe present suspense cannot be prolonged.
While Warsaw is still patrolled by a civic force,
women, among whom is the Princess GOIITicH4I-
- are leaving the city in apprehension of com-
motion and conflict. Nothing a more improbable
than that a conflict will take place. The leaders
of the Polish people recessing the energy of the
new power of opinion which in Southern and Cen-
tral Europe is destroying or transforming govern-
Basuto that but yesterday named to stand like un-
nmailable fortreesse among the people they op-
premed. Against the moral forte on which Count
ZAMOTSZI and his compatriots rely the sword is
helpless. The late Czas showed how impossible it
was to destroy Polish nationality. If any man
or any measures could have accomplished that feat
he would not hare failed. The Poles lost their
army, their constitntion, their viceroy, even their
language, and yet thirty years afterwards Poland
raises her head, and in the name of the first rigid
of a people—the right to exist—demands their
hill restoration.

While we an amble to foresee the answer
which ALIMAXINIS will return to the Warsaw peti-
tion, there meanies precedents of his house which
we may be sure he cannot follow. Although he
has chosen this moment for expressing his sympathy
(or, as Prince NAT., .crom might explain, his pity)
for the late King of Nauss, by the presentation
of a military order to that Prince, we know that
in matters which nearly affect his own reputation,
in the cardinal questions of his government, he is
far from being indifferent to European opinion.
Perhaps he sees that the present excitement is of
• nature which does not admit of repression by
the sword. But if not, at least he seas how much
Russia would lose in the far:mashie estimation of
the world by a return to the brutal and sanguinary
methods of his father. Occupied as he is in Russia
with claims for social and political liberty, which can
neither be denied with safety nor granted without
close and devoted attention to their development,
he can hardly do otherwise than make concessions
to the Poles, and these, whether they fulfil the
measure of the Warsaw petition, or fall below it,
will make the affairs of Poland for many years to
corns an object of high European importance.

TARIM IS still a fund of information contained in
the last issue of the Board of Trade returns which
has not yet been brought forward in print. On
Monday last we cited a few details explanatory of
the adverse state of the American exchanges. We
will now add • few more which tend to show that
the country has largely increased its consumption of
or investments in foreign commodities, a course
which inevitably results in unfavourable ex-
changes, a drain of geld, and • rise in the rate of
nterest.