The Express.
London, England, 1861-07-01 00:00:00

THE :iettnotts, irotmor lvENAici; JULY

to be exercised by her. It is of the
highest importance, therefore, that every
fact and figure illustrating the state of the com-
mercial relations between the two countries should
be kept steadily before the public eye. Since the
end of last November—a period of seven months
—we have sent 7,666,000/. in gold to the United
States. This is at the rate of more than a million
a month. At the very outset of the movement
:public writers here derided the notion of any gold
going at all, and prophesied heavy loss and utter
confusion to the ill-advised individuals who sent it.
Each temporary recovery of or 1 per cent. in
the exchange has been followed by declarations
that the return of the gold is certain and imme-
diate. That specie will ultimately flow back to
Europe in quantities all the larger in proportion to
the force which is now being exerted to reverse
the ordinary course of the current is certain ;
but to look for its return under present circum-
stanoss is to deceive ourselves and to ignore
facts. There is great significance in the steadi-
ness with which the New York exchange has re-
mained for several weeks past, with scarcely a
fractional variation, at a point just low enough to
admit of a steady flow of specie from England.
What America wants from us is gold, and she has
accordingly fixed the exchange at the requisite
point.
First, as regards our exports to America.
Having referred at considerable length, on former
occasions, to the decrease in our exports thither
since the commencement of the present year, we
will merely remark here that the shipments of the
twenty-five principal articles specially designated
in the official returns have been, for the five
months ending May 31, as follows :

Five months of 1859 £8.222,000
„ 1860
1861
The decrease is 2,794,0001. compared with
last year, and 5,428,0001. compared with 1859.
With largely diminished exports to America, and
still more largely increased imports from America,
we must of course redress the balance by sending
gold. But to understand the present condition
of the exchange, it is particularly important to
remark that, as was anticipated, the full effect of
the American crisis is only now beginning to be
felt by our export trade. For the first few months
there were various palliatives in operation, but
these have now disappeared, and the prostration
of our business with America, as regards the ex-
port branch, is complete, the import branch,
meanwhile, continuing as brisk as ever. It is in
this that the one-sided result of the American
trade consists.

Of several articles in which a moderate amount
of business is usually going forward not a single
consignment was made to America during the
month of May.
So much for our exports to America. Let us
now see what we have imported from that country.
The returns lamed last week give the official values
of the imports for the first four months of the
year. We took from America, of wheat, the
following :

Four mouths of Me
„ IMO

1%1

Of flour we took :
Four months of 1109
„ „ USD
1991
And of American cotton we imported :
Four mouths of 1859 £8,273,884
0.9 19 IMO

1861
20,575

So that, whilst we have imported the grain and
flour of America so largely, we have at the same
time increased our imports of cotton beyond all
former experience. It is easy to trace here the
effect of the desire of the Southern States to push
forward their cotton to Europe before they carried
their political quarrel with the North to the war
point. They had a good deal of commercial
method amid all their political frenzy. They got
in the money for their staple production before
they set to work to sharpen their cutlasees.
But it is very important to ascertain the extent
of the imports from America down to the most
recent period. The latest aMcial values are for
the month of April. As regards wheat, they
show as follows :
April, len
~ 181111
X 0.020
MI
Of lour, the imports in April was s
April, 1859
„ 1860 MN
„ 1861
And of cotton :
April, 1859 22,061,605
„ 1880 3,023,631
1861 4,890,166
The principal feature is the additional evidence of
the hone with which cotton was hurried forward
during that month from the seceding States.
But although the value of the imports is not
brought down later than the 30th of April, the
quantities are given for the month ending the 31st
of May. The figures relating to corn and cotton
deserve examination. The imports of wheat from
America were :

Kay, 1809 7OO qrs.
„ 1860 12,700 „
„ 1861 195,017 ~
Of Saar :
My, 1859 WI mists.
~ 1880 15,508 „
g. 1186 394662 „
And of cotton :
My, 1859 708,956 cwta.
" 1860 1,24749 „
„ 1861 985,521 „

It will be remarked that the influx of cotton
was subsiding, the available supply in the Southern
ports having become exhausted. As, in addition,
the cotton movement has now been stopped by the
blockade, it is clear that one great cause of the
drain upon the English money market is at an end.
It is true that, with the re-opening of the naviga-
tion, grain and flour, as shown above, are coming
forward again mom freely from America, but the
decrease in cotton will more than compensate for
the increase in these items. There must then be
considered, on the unfavourable side, the great
decline in the exports of our goods to America.
We invite the especial attention of our readers to
these later figures, for they suggest a more favour-
able—or rather a lees unfavourable—view of the
future course of the American exchange than
any yet presented by the official tables. The
question is—Will not the enforced decrease in our
purchases of American cotton contribute to render
the exchange less unfavourable, and to moderate
the demands upon us for gold t There have been
so many fancies and crotchets upon this subject,
all signally falsified, that it is quite refreshing to
find a few bard figures whereon to hang a hopeful
view. It would be very unsafe to expect th►t
America can be obliged to send us gold at a time
when, besides sending us large quantities of corn,
she is taking next to nothing from us, but there
may be some ground for believing that her pres-
sure upon us will henceforward moderate. The
subject is the more worthy of consideration, be-
cause nothing but that pressure, combined with
our food requirements, has kept the value of money
here at so high a point as six per cent. As regards
the food question, attention may be called to the
decline in the corn market, which of course tends
to discourage importation.

Our impOrte of all articles this yeail have beep
enormous. For the month of April the official
grand total is :

April, 1889
„ 1960
„ 1861
And for the four months ending April 30 :__

Four months of 1859 -R11,407,158
'9 I IMO 42,410,964
1861 51,821,567

No wonder that the necessity of paying so much
more than usual has strained our resources. But
if, as may be inferred from the decline in the corn
market, we henceforward import less corn, at the
same time that we import less cotton, there may
be some moderate degree of relief in store for us.
More than this we cannot look for.

erbe Court.

The Queen, accompanied by the Princess Helena,
returned to Buckingham Palace at half-pest ten o'clock on
Saturday morning, attended by Lady Augusta Bruce, Colo-
ssi the Hon. A. Liddell, and Colonel the Hon. A. N•
Hood.

The Prince Consort, attended by Colonel the Hon. Sir
Charles Phipps, presided at a meeting of the Provident
Institution, St. Martin's-place, on Saturday morning. The
Prince Consort presided in the afternoon at a meeting of the
Council of the Duchy of Cornwall, held at the Duchy-office,
Buckingham-gate, St. James's•park. There were also present
the Keeper of the Privy Seal, Sir William Dunbar ; the At-
torney-General, Sir William John Alexander ; the tamiserer,
Colonel the Hon. Sir Charles Beaumont Phipps ; this Duke
of Newcastle ; and the secretary, Mr. James Robert
Gardiner.

The Prince of Wales, attended by Major-General the
Hon. It. Bruce and LienteoantoColonel Keppel, left
Buckingham Palace at ten minutia before seven Vclock on
Saturday morning, for the Eustonequare terminus of the
London and North Western Railway, on his way to the
Curregh of Kildare.
The Crown Prince and the Crown Princess (Princess
Royal) of Prussia, attended by Lady Augusta Bruce, visited
the British Institution, Pall-mall, on Saturday morning.
The Queen, accompanied by Prince Leopold and the
Princess Louise, took a drive in an open carriage and four
in the afternoon. Colonel the Hon. A. N. Hood and Lieu-
tenant-Colonel Kingsoote attended on horseback.
The Prince Consort, the Crown Prince and the Crown
Princess of Prussia, the Princess Alice, Prince Arthur, and
Prince Louis of Hesse, attended by Lady Augusta Bruce,
the Hon. Flora Macdonald, Major Du Plat, ILjor Elphin-
stone, and Baron von Weeterweßer, visited the Horticul-
'tural Gardens, South Kensington, in the afternoon. The
royal party afterwards went to the South Kensington
Museum.

111411/uke and Duchess of Hamilton, the Earl of St.
Germans, Earl Spencer, and Lord and lady John Russell,
had the honour of dining with the Queen in the evening
at Buckingham Palace.
The Hon. Eleanor Stanley has succeeded the Hon.
Beatrice Byog as the Maid of Honour in Waiting to the
Queen.
Yesterday the Queen, Prince Consort, the Crown Prince
and Prima of Pm,* Princess Alice, Princess Helena,
Princes Louie*, Prince Arthur, Prince Leopold, and Prince
Louis of Hera, the ladies and Gentlemec of the Court
and the Domestic Household. attended Divine service in the
private chapel, Buckingham Palace. Theitov. G. Moberly.
Bled ill Wat of Winchester, preached the sermon.
The following vocalists had the honour of assisting at the
state oncost of sacred music given by command of the
at Buckingham Palace, on Friday evening :—MdUe.
Kliae7a,' Miss Lamella, Millie. Adelina Patti, :fteor Gar-
dad, Mr. Siam, lllr. Patey, and Signor Giuglini.

A Cabinet Council was held on Saturda_y at the
official residence of the First Lord of the Treasury,
in Downing-street. The ministers present were Vis-
count Palmerston, the Lord Chancellor, Earl Gran-
ville, the Duke of Argyll, Sir G. Cornewall
Lewis, Lord J. Russell, Sir Charles Wood, the Chan-
cellor of the Exchequer, the Duke of Somerset,
the Right Hon. T. Milner Gibson, Sir George
Grey, Lord Stanley of Alderley, the Right Hon.
O. P. Villiers, and the Right Ron. Edward Card-
welL

THE PRINCE AND PRINCESS OP PRUSSIA
AT THE ROYAL HORTICULTURAL SOCIETY'S
GARDENS.
--•-•

On S►turday evening, the Prince Consort., ac-
companied by the Prince and Prime. of Prue& and
the Primer Alice, the Priam Louis of Hera, Lady
Agitate Brace, the Hon. Flora Macdonald, Bares Von
Wastenrighw (in attendance on the Prince of Hesse), and
Major an Batt, paid a visit to the gardens at South
Komington.
At the time they arrived (►bout 8 o'clock) the gardens
were thronged by a crowd of the most aristocratic satiety
of Loodem assembled to enjoy the delightful evening,
and to hear the mural performance of the Ist Life Guards
rod and of the polies bands of the G and ki divisions.
The police mastered about 60 performers on braes instru-
meats, and pve such general satisfaction that it is ex-
tremely probable that, if the council of the society be
guided by general opinion, arrangements will be made for
having the performance repeated on other occasions.
The company arembledahowed an exceedinglylively inte-
rest in the royal party, and the Prises., of Prussia was
Ispicially the object af interest. Her Boyal Highness
locked exoeedingly well and happy, r she walked down the
pagans kora:yen the arm of her father while he pointed
oat to bar the various features.

TY visit al the royal party lasted upwards ci au hour.

ARRIVAL OP HIS ROYAL HIGHNESS THE
PRINCE OP WALES IR DUBLIN.

DUBLIN, SUNDAY.

His Royal Highness the Prince of Wales arrived
in Kingstown yesterday evening, at half-paid 5 o'clock. An
immense and fashionable assemblage thronged every place
from which a view et his landing could be obtained. When
the Connaught, which had been specially fitted up for the
journey, came alongside the pier, his Excellency the Lord
Lieutenant and suite went on board and warmly welcomed
hie royal highnms. The Ajax, man-of-war, then thundered
forth a royal 'elute simultaneously with the Pigeon-house
Pert, near Dublin. The people also cheered vehemently ;
hie reception was indeed most enthusiastic. The Kingstown
commissioners and the railway directors were introduced to
the prince in the saloon, where Mr. Chambers, justice of
the peace Ind chairman of the commissioners, read an ad-
dress, to which his royal highness read the following
reply :—" Gentlemen—l moat heartily thank you foe Use
gratifying terms in which on your owu behalf, and that of
the inhabitants of Kingstown, you great me on my arrival
at your port, after a voyage performed with such ease and
expedition in the admirable vessel considerately plaoid at
my disposal by its enterprising proprietors ; nor shall I fail
to convey to the Queen your assurances of loyal attachment
to her person and government, and your emphatic acknow-
ledgment of the blessings enjoyed under her rule. During
former visite to Ireland, and particularly in the mune of
a tour made some years since through the country, I had
considerable opportunities of witnessing the beauty of her
scenery and of experiencing the warm-hearted kindness of
her people, and these agreeable recollections tend greatly to
enhance the pleasure with which I look forward to a more
prolonged sojourn ►mong you on the present occasion."
His royal highness did not seem at all the worse for the
voyage, though the wind wee contrary and the se► rough.
lie remained on deck nearly Um whole time, partook of
a hearty lunch in the ladies' cabin in company with Major-
General Bruce and Colonel Koppel, and enjoyed himself
very much on the passage, expressing to Captain Williams
his entire satisfaction with all the arrangements on board.
Without any delay the prince, accompanied by the Lord
Lieutenant and their respective suites, entered the special
train that awaited them, and proceeded to Dublin, where
crowds lined the various streets through which the cort'e'ge
had to pm In every place the people manifested the same
loyal feelings ; cheer after cheer arose along the route, and
numbers ran alter the carriages to secure a good look at his
royal highness, who gracefully acknowledged the fervour of
his reception.

This morning the prince attended the Chapel Royal,
where the Dean of Down preached. Tomorrow, at 3 o'clock,
Use corporation will present his royal highness with an
address in St. Patrick's Hall, Dublin Castle, and at 5 o'clock
p.m. he will visit the Exhibition of Arts sod Manufactures,
where he will receive an address from a deputation of the
Exhibition Committee mad the Royal Dublin Society.

Loyd Belhaven is to have the second vacant Green
Mood, sad with the Fart of Zetland will attend her Ma•
jest, at the Chapter of the Order of the Thistle this day,
to be invested.

THE EOEIWOOMING INTEasATretll
EXHIBITION.

The Crown Prince of Prussia has addressed the
following letter to Reel Granville, Chairman of her Majesty',
Commiamonere for the International Exhibition of 1862 :

" BERL/14, June 18.
"My Lord,—l have the honour to acquaint your lordship
that I have undertaken the direction of a commission ap-
pointed to represent the interests of Prussian manufacturers
at the Universal Exhibition of Art and Industry to be held
in London in the spring of next year, and to enter into cor-
respondence with the Commissioners of bet Majesty the
Queen.
. _

" The idea of affording to the nations another opportunity
of showing their industrial progress seems to me very happy
and opportune ; and I consider that there is every MUM)
for gratitude to those who first conceived it, and have taken
upon themselves the labour of carrying it into execution.
The modifications of tariffs among European nations, which
have lately been made, or may shortly be expected—modifi-
cations most important to trade, and the promotion of which
confers the greatest honour upon Great Britain and her en-
lightened statesmen—will no doubt have pwo influence
upon the exchange of goods, and materLUy add to the
range of commerce. Under these circumstances the exhi-
bition will assume the character of a great fair, calculated
to create new and commercial relations, and to extend those
that exist. Hence, apart from the advantage of instruction,
it will afford considerable substantive advantages to those
who take part in it, and will doubtless, on this account, find
all men eager to participate. I sin convinced that the Prus-
sian manufacturers will appreciate the importance of the un-
dertaking.
" I beg to transmit to your lordship herewith the first
document. addressed by the Prosaism commission to the
Commissioners for the Exhibition ; and I avail :oriel( of
this opportunity to recommend it, and theme winch will
follow it, to your favourable consideration and attention.
" With especial esteem,
Sigued) " FRIEDRICK WILHKLM,
Kron Prins von Preussen."

The Duke said Duchess of Northumberland are
'reacted to leave Paris to-day for a tour in Germany. We
nadkirstaad that the noble duke's health has &Wady bone-
etedlee his visit to the Continent.

The Marquis and Marchioness of Exeter will
have the honour of entertaining their Royal Highnesses the
Docker ot Oambridp and the Princess Mary on Friday
next, July 5, after which her ladyship will hare a style
dearante.

The Earl Grey hae left town for Howick Hall,
Northumberland, for a week or ten days. The countess re-
make in town.

The Earl and Countess of Malmeebury enter-
tained at dinner on Saturday Lord and Lady Chelmsford
and Miss Thesiger, Colonel and Lady Emma Talbot,
Dowager Countess of Tankerville sad Miss Georges, Mr. and
Lady Augusta Start, lard and Lady E. Thymus, Lord
Banelegh, Lord Wynford, Kr, and Mrs. Baia Cochrane,
Cameron of Lochiel, Mr. John Mille, and Mr. Seymour
litsgerald.

The Earl and Countess Somers were prevented
by their recent illnesa from attending the concert at Buck-
ingham Palace on Friday evening. His lordship and her
ladyship are graying at &door Cull. at present.
The Earl and Countess of Craven and the Ladies
Craven left town on Saturday for Gorhambury Park, on a
visit to the Earl and Countess of Feridam.

The Earl and Countess of Warwick have left
town for Warwick Castle.

Lady Louisa Douglas Pennant's dance, an-
nounced for July 3, is unavoidably postponed to Wednes-
day, July 10.

Lady Graham's dance is unavoidably post-
poned.

Viscountess Palmetston had an assembly on
Saturday evening at Ousbeide-e House. Previously to the
assembly Viscount and Viscountess Palmerston entertained
at dinner his Excellency the Italian Minister, Count and
Countess Penigny, Maria Marchioness of Ailesbury, the
Consists of Chesterfield and Lady Evelyn Stanhope, Vis-
count and Viscountess Sydney, Count Stnelechi, Viscount
Chelsea, Lead Damn, Lord Ashley, Lady Victoria Ashley,
Hon. Evelyn Ashley, Lord and Lady Forester, Mr. Horace
iturabold, he.

The Marquis; of Lansdowne hae lent hie beautiful
villa at Biehmood to the following ladies, who have con-
sented to hold stalls for the funds of the National Orphan
Home on Ham-rommon at a fancy hamar :—The Countess
Spencer, the Dowager Countess of Lichfield, the Countess of
Shelburne, Frames Countess Waldegrave, Lady Echo,
Lady John Russell and the Mimes Peel, the Hon. Mrs. E.
B. Wrottcaley, Lady Lambert, Mrs John Leslie, Mn.
Carter, &c. The hamar will take place tomorrow and
Wednesday.

Mr. Roundell Palmer, Q.C., the new Attorney-
General, is the mooed sou of the Rex. William Jooelys
Palmer, late rector of Mixbery, in Oxfordshire, by a
daughter of the Rey. William Gladstone, of Yorkahire. He
was born at 3fixbury 10 1814, and married, in 1848, Lady
Laura, daughter of the Earl of Waldegrave, and sister to
the present Bishop of Wilde. Mr. Palmer was educated
at Magdalen College, Oxford, where he graduated in 1834,
when he took a first dams in amiss.

The Archbishop of Canterbury, who we are glad
to Sad has recovered from his recent illness, gave his anal
dinner at Lambeth Palace, last Friday, to the stewards of
the Anniversary Festival of the Sons of the Clergy. The
company invited were the Archbishop of York, the &Hs of
Bathurst and Ellesmere, the Bishops of Exeter aid Norwich,
Lords Craaworth and De Samara, the Speaker of the
House of Commons, the Lord Mayor, M.P., Mr. Baron
Cloonan, Sir Brooke Bridges, Bort., M.P., Aldermen Sir
R. W. Carden, Copeland, M.P., Finals, aid Mechi, Arch-
&scone Hale and Sinclair, Mr. Barrow, M.P., Mr. Lyall,
M.P., Mr. Sheriff Lusk, Rev. Dr. Vivian, Rev. Canons
Jefferson, E. B. **rake, Jennings, and Glarus (the preacher
selected by hie grace), Rev. John Evans, J. Thomas, and
John Davies, the Master of the Merchant Taylors' Company.
and Mesas. W. Cotton, J. W. Freahfield, Eeriah Drew,
R. Hichens, Arthur Pott, F. Kogan, Henry Moor, William
Robinson, C. J. Baker, R. A. Gray, J. I. Pocock, T. B.
Nib. ad A. S. Pipon.
THZ LATE LORD CHANCELLOR CAMPRELL.—The
mortal remained thelste Lord Campbell were removed
from Stratheden Lodge, Knightsbridge, on Friday morn-
ing, and conveyed by railway to Hartrogge, the noble and
lamed lord's seat in Rozburghshire, preparatory to inter-
ment. The fanged took place on Saturday, and was only
remarkable for the unostentatious manner in which it was

immincted. Not the slightest semblance of pomp was dis-
played as is generally supposed to be attendant on the
familial of so dignified a personage. In compliance with the
desire of the late peer, MS corpse was deposited beside) that
of his wife, 13arimem Stratheden, in the family vault in
Jedbugh Abbey. The seism/ procestlinp did not occupy
more than half an hour. The chief mourners were Lord
Stretheden, the Hon. Hallyburton Campbell, the lion.
Dudley Campbell. eons, and the Rev. Wm. Sprenger
White, son-in-law of the dozrased lord.

A Ngw Cointr.—There is now visible in the
heavens a comet of so extraordinary a magnitude as even
to exceed that which made its appearance some three years
ago. Last evening it showed itself at 10 o'clock, in spite of
the strong twilight at that time prevailing, with a nucleus
tolerably well defined, apparently as large as a teecup, and
with the usual tail appendage, extending nearly 30 degrees
in length. Its position was nearly north, a little towards the
west, and in a direct line with the two upper mid-dis-
taut stars of Ursa Major, from which it was distant
in an easterly direction just about as far as these stars are
distant from each other. The comet at about 10 o'clock
last night was directly under the pole star, 20 demos front
the horizon, the tail extending faintly to near the pole
star itself.

M.AUSOLZOIE OF THE DUCHEM OF KENT, FROO-
1101M—In a few days the mortal remain, of the late much-
respected and sincerely regretted mother of the tjaceu will
be transferred to the mausoleum, which was built during
the latter yawn of her life, in the grounds at Frogmore,
within view of the mansion, and where she closed her well-
regulated and tranquil life. It was at the Duchess of Kent's
own request that tbs little temple was erected, and during
its progress she frequently visited and took a warm interest
in the worn. The design was prepared, and its execution
superintends& by Mr. A. J. embed, of Fitzroy-square.
It is circular oft pLin, with an inner diameter of 12 feet. It
is built of Portland stone, rusticated, and is surrounded
by an loon peristyle of sixteen columns—polished
manly ths of Peuryn marble, 10 feet 4 inches high.
The capital and bases are of gun-metal. The doorway is
enclosed by a simple moulded architrave. The gates
are of bronze, and enriched by scriptural bawrsliets by
Thee& Three Portland steps lead to the platform of the
peristyle. The upper moulding, of the lonic order, is de.
oorated with bronze heads, and vows of either bronze or
granite will be placed over each oulumu upon it. The cor-
nice of the cell or drum of the building is 3 or 4 feet above
the encircling colonnade, and is crowned with scroterne of
impanelled bronze. The frieze is formed of polished red
Aberdeen granite, enriched with bronze festoons. The
temple is covered by a
_copper dome, with • balustrade at
the summit. The Wilding was erected by Messes l'Auson,
of Ones°, der-place ; Miners. Robison and Co., Pimlico.
supplied tie bronze castings. We understand that Mr.
need is engaged upona statue of the deceased lady, which
will be placedin theiaterior, over her grave..-13wilding News.