The Express.
London, England, 1861-02-21 00:00:00

LONDON, THURSDAY EVENING, FEBRUARY 21, 1801.

No. 4.5334

WEEKLY STEAM COMMUNICATION to
N VORIC.—TM 1.11.111111101. NEW Nor.K. awl
PHILADKLPIIIA Sile-t‘t SIIIP a Ml'.t\Y lotek.l dearstelthm
thetr toll lowered Ines 4ereer Ste.un t.alling at klueenstoent
Se eittl,rk .levatelkee. as •
. •
LV N 1 LIN NOM. 11.11 t NEW VORIL
LT \.t, tk t.lnmplay. Volk r.
V el eAuev.ley. klastit
A. 4 every eaveavedias Wedsetklay.
rkhlk PAmaite. 17. an.l 71 ruiner. mcconlana to the kerma-
.L.ti..a rerward pnt•lllge. .1 palate; tweltrlme all pro, i•ome
cooke.t. Pavv,m4ers for cAny.la and the Wert. In mate.. I.- krA
Ikrtugh oil very a.tvAntaireoket lemma —For further pnrtl. riLars
imply t.. WILLIAM IN MAN. ..!!, Water-street, Liserw.A . or to
KIN Li auk MACEY. Al, Auts Wllltamstrvet. c,ty.
.
GOTHENBI-1(0. —The .ally Tr,„,olar Lino of
kteaak es sill be despot. bt J n meter with g..hie unol

IJ *r4l' NN,c4A. N .44.ituus. coo
LIONININ. II BLIUBLI:Ii..410 piandsty. /reh. 21
71.4 T T sTANTIO%, r 4.0 tom. al. est Marrh
V.,r Awful. pairticakr, apply 1.. 1411 L.s.lrim. laril El, and
IPHIUJPI's. 11. loud 1a.,. Ernalitml. 'tn.% I. 1.1.'

ARCH ITECT RA I. PHOTOGRAPHIC
ASA N *LITION.—The END lISITItiN nt rutvnw:l %NIS.
IA CANAAN an•rt. Anomt.bir,t, A . A•I:\ lAA. 9 All
a A LIATI RE et rry TI tnl/%1 EVENING. at 11. rlort.
Ib►wslt>r• a?. clank's In ni..t pEntnx.ntiohn 1,. the Inner of
a.. Nertiptind t alainnw. r.u. in otinntry seltirrllters.
n 'LUAU Win HA, WA PAL

ARGYLL 121 oMS. RAND MUSICAL
ILSTEATAIN MAT. •Ille miehrnls4l howl, Inety 1.
eN 4111.4..1e1rftn nark elmsoe tnno tlnt
tti Wind Italian i.nwriun Aunt Nollaterai.rtarmil.
LAY.", C.n.10.4101111.115.
1A:44:1:144 an r girlork. A.lnnisoloo, Is.

FINDLATER, MACKIE, ad Co.,
33 Wrl/Ira.t.a .4trort. *tread. laaal.a. W.C. ;
le, l•ra..: All t straet, MOW* ;
Awl
FINDLATER, MACKIE, TODD, and Co.,
TU. T.. Spy street. Lormlust.bildlie. I IL.
WINK. VISIT. ATIIII T. am, AL SI ILIKWANTa.
1111 A
L NDT
I. lane M
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NoLAN WOL
SI W. heal Ohl Jhart,l3a. ..
W WM T. lard Acekli Illablaad Man MK
DOW AI. WM lAA Nrawroloarei
GIN. Maar Wwe.t. Lam Wa
m . •L..
Tana. salli ea Erthwp.

and SON, Wine and Spirit Marchant.s.
SinraWM
tmt smarm ar nosa glean advomeNr!, Prim.
Crow Piagnikilk very impeder. Mk. 2la per pima choke
eke Pale Over, Dix per pales Ism& Ileidear 11.4
Opeds. per paws. et, SY per we lone deli, Poweiga
of all Wade. Pell price 11,4* tree en appliartles. Tway
orb Ilithepeolle.etevet MIMI&

BASICS EAST INDIA PALK ALE, ati.l
SAItt*LATO PORTLII and ,ITOUT. ahoy, t• C..• 1 moil •
Ow to olototo ew• honks. todt-bottko, tool Imputtl
OM" , a. Pit. Jeart.eireet. Ims..l"n

POULTRY. BVTTER, RAMS, ttc.
IMPORTANT TO DAMMAM 110TILMITILPRILe. Ar
seraTwoßey. Ram sad Delarari Perk k tress the
*away Gyrry reeneber. Mama Tali MINA MA par lb. . Wilt-
shire Ramo by the Yaw sr MIL : Rae Anterke• Cheese. by
lb, halt or quarter, Tjel. le . CUM.?. Std. to tot..
Cheshire. ept. be : GlontenaL to 141.. Stilton. Is. to Is 11. :
Omer,, tPI. pee lb.. peed salt butter, Is. to Is W.. fresh.
la So Is. W. per lb. people chitlings, le. G.L. large fowls, front
lb ROW IkL ; Weft tcr ker. : young were. ea 01.
Se leis el NO. TO. MOW. per lb.. Mae AL to tip . fine
et lkwenen hi hies. ger* . best eouutry suede, pork sansepee,
~w mod J. I. 'TAYLOR, SA LAO' Pa/tegepatreet.

P. I. ' a
HOMCEOPATHaIC COCOA
enawese• •
Dell•lnas aroma, grater' imoushon• arltirefreallag power.

WATHF.RSTON sad BROODIEWS GOLD
comas htoe IWO* at realleelde edam asid the
erertmadalp i wfreWa teasulartama' prism The geld
Y On Air preauteed. awl re-garret:wed at the price charged.
ad
the sate,
IM such your dada truhrh.. to the simnel carat
The Samearee of the said. LW AILIIII for Nation."
—Ail *SMARR
Ilaaatartory. No. 14 Henrietta-etre* Coreat.preiss. W.C..
laradaa.
Awls mot. nt realm awl korner, for la esti
K It Thl. notahlt-how ea t chew at sla the .turf{, all as
Saturday' at 1 gi elan k.

MR. MILES' (ALFRED WEBB MILER)
+PRANG AND 141"113101 STOCK
t..r tbr Wertl•bieerl Areleb
A NitOLA TRIIVIIIIbt.
Is w. replete awl meaty for laspectlab
Three Treeeers were erlehtsted t, Mr. DOM
Whom eel" abbe.. bibb/KetlllllT, ILANOVIDAQUARE.
NW •h. b out euestecte.l ebb arty penes bailatliti and adv.:-
D. 114 Is lelks WOO.
EfTADLIMILD VICBELAJIY. IML

AGENTLEMAN'S WARDROBE
. May 110 romplcioly. Expe.lltioaaly. Fashionably. and
Izormaalcally Paraiskplat theLatahlishmtut of

K. MIMES smi
IIERCHART TAII.IIRa, W(14.1.1./N DRAPE/Us, HATTERS,
1111WHER.4. hiller an.' SIIOII
and GRNIRAL tit TEITTEIta, for ALL (LAMED.
London 110
Corner of !Mork" and Abbate.
New Oxford •trevt, comer of Hartetreet.
Corner of Tatualsarn court riled mot Easton road.
Comity" Establishments:
liridtreetnet. Bradford. Yorkshire.
Female,
Any article made to Met:MN at the shorteet notice.
2C.R.—tillould any article not he appo wed of It wUlbe exchanged
or the money returned.
L. RIBES and MINN RULES for ISELF.IIIAPICRIMENT.
NA LIM of Priem, with Pamphlet nu the Itemly.suade Clothing
Byelaw and nreeent Erwin ou applicatiom or post-free.
The RRIABLISIIMEVIN are CIAMED EVERY IrRIISAY
zvastso at anssert until Satenlay sunset, when beano= ts re-
amed RIM 11 o'clock.

PRELIMINARY NOTICE.
Estessive prevention. are brine made for the ensuing
serum. I MIP+►)I and MON.
yikacgAyry TATIANA, trouiLLY.N DRAPICRA. BATTEN%
Bull kiln. Warr and "MOE MAB Bits:
and ONNBIAL OCTECITEIA, for ALL CLOAKS.
Londun Homes:
Career of Iltnortes and Mature
Nem i Word stmet. eormr of Hartatreet.
Corner of Tottenham court-road and kustne.roed.
Country Y.staidishnimits:
Tkorabm'elmuldinita. Beidaretreet. Bradford, Yorkshire.
largele,

SPIGTACLES, improved by HARRIS and
SOL .mmeet certainly the sight. Mgr almost
MIN& Sleek with e or pebbles. IM. ; Meiriml
Mle Ile lee Gokl and litho' Spectacles met
I earls*, i eotally ley prices Ilarrle Q
321. N. pest tree. THOS. MA=Y aDA SON Is the
llpral Pushy. welts the Delilah thseeme lOW.
Ord 1780. Omar h—lee travellers esepleped.

TOLADIII3.—ROWLANDB' KALYDOR, au
rientel &damteal Preparation for Impel. lag and nesati-
tylzelbs Complexlna and gbh, The Radiant Bloom it Imparts
Oa Cheek. aad the P•orttu". and IS 'teary which It War,. of
OP lamb and Aram. R. capability 44 soothing irritation sad
senwitsg all Iladima Ti... rimpien Ppd., Ylieklllll. Diseolars.
NOM and other Catartioss Vieliationa render II indispensable
la ovary toilet. It ebehtie• all the eget ta 44 climate on the akla.
litisiber with Menage la add sad inelementy, ur lutes.* sow
boat Price... Od. sad an al. per bottle.—Mold it Su, flamer
=tad by daadats and perfumers. Adt lawlambe

DRBUCHAN'S DOMESTIC MIDICIICES,
iave% thrashing the world. kw ths me • I every .11sease
Isoldultal Is ana, aad
PAM? SOWIIIIIODAM VIOLTAILI nu": a tatty
gashallas tha teak praWygas the blond, a
=Naga lassaan. MINK Mar. mad aril attampl*lnta,
ainglistba geirelaia angliniann pia la the
Wialiirila=and ha Throe Ong wort Oak way go Wvery
lab diarae. changes In lair pram neat Ind every
alidatty ateamolstke, tin 11w blood is nanda the o lent
Main wanted. and an the tartan art aeormAtis to agars.
per boa 1.. I W , 1. al . M. Kl , awl lla.
VIMITAItIi at IM °INTIM ISNI, fora antilkanis all AN
Milegans. rage win ra, otaged Una ebilaina,
plaplos. manna sad biothn an as tea arra and
aelln4 v is taaplagla initerins. an•
sonesine. and Itaalltybie Oa Ma. floaauta hare
11.,:rat sal declare It In be au boa .bans{ la la ward,
pa. la 141. and hi. al
cos evorkAr tta:7••ut 1111111CWI —Ms hiniparat.
la madams reanas the waited sad filed tainglor and
loan or kla, wan eihnialed by 'Oars he let aliada and
acmes of ir.ari,,ess lank Aroma os la nib yeah. an gisity
aad age It In a eon bre Indloaloa krona nd
antra hypnehotolnant. atlas, nnwhila gettitha ainr-
az. abrade arena deltitity. and pramenni away, amen
as atiortiona. real pea Ingham and tallairdna
asst Wit danger...la coaraiarat drpaMlla err aa swat Mani
de , chaste and apaaralte manna iningining of We pra
late. askant of the bladder. ratnitios ad 1111•4•41111010. 284.
anaof tho kidney*. ant all tegaslonsiskate. Tbpariperyai
of thin inealnalde rralr,ly mom Ole soar a Sagrala
In-
tmana, and portlyisis anti partleolar nagerlas
Ilea prnline, an as 1., enjoy health sad vlomm Pit bulb.
Si Id. Ma, et tat ermlabritte goer limo the lasalty. ani.
Thainada of ~a proved ad Wall OS beam ta Wag
M.ll. the UM Mayor at 1..a.1..a. sad agar klngtsindra
Mr —OW by ad Oa 11. Sawataannot
Oulliadrall.lammlas. W,, Amble blow and away.
Labs Barclay mad MOM, "L
.6741= halhatanawal : =re. gitiat
_wow. a• anaa ansotairklae ;
Orialanta dk lad. Igh Mad ; Y. Nom-
bl7llraar,lZlrssg dn. K lasfallanidrink tiro
we poll km ke see 81•10,14 roll Web, awl ft,
awfamosall. isinets Imo Or. MIMAS'iII £a)N IPTIC
_aneciass. • Wislotan rd Maas of lb. loyal Cara at
Ihrldialla R, ha mar We an MAW Act , aggada
40hriameli Moak M dam nada 011111ang K do law pwratwas
W. and OW, iadlana !dal Walkshaa tannenlad to
tr.° 4160 waZ: mega ill Waith•MOS whin. to be
papalb In W. ad Oa

Jed
DISEASES of the ralled.o with Photographic
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cians, Idluburgb, limithsc of the Royal College of Surgeons,
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By the same Author, with numerous illustrations, price 3s. Pd. :
by post, as. , abeldm .1 edition, la, . Ist sealed envelope, le.
a new Bedlestl Work, entitled
LIFE WORTH LIVING Id IR, proving how health and happiness
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THE BISHOP OP LONDON AND THE NEW
THEOLOGY.

The name of the Bishop of London stands third
on the list of the prelates who have signed the
recently published manifesto against the opinions
set forth in " Essays and Reviews." Those upon
whom the views taken by the seven ceitayists have
come as a surprise will be interested in the fact,
that as long as fourteen years ago Dr. Tait discerned
the character of the present theological crisis, and
from the pulpit of St. Mary's, Oxford, prefigured
its general f}atures. When most men's minds were
full of the consequences to be apprehended from
the principles sot forth in the "Tracts for the
Times," Dr. Tait publicly told his University
that that commotion, great as it appeared, was
local, accidental, transitory, and obscured a
far more important movement, the signs of
which might even then be descried. A
" shaking of all opinions " was about to follow
that reaction from Tractarianism, which was one of
the effects of the publication of Mr. Newman's
essay ; and the practical question, the preacher said
was, what "ghtbAo be done to guide the minds of
younger students. Thu great object, he pointed
out, was "to direct attention to some intelligible,
enlightened, and well-groanded protestant system,
which might recall men's minds to the simplicity of
the Gospel, and enable them to take their stand on
the theology of the New Testament, amid the
ruins of that baseless traditional teaching which
was crumbling around them."

The chief purpose of the discourses referred to—
which were published in 1846, as " Suggestions
Offered to the Theological Student under present
difficulties"—was declared to be, "to show the spirit
in which speculative error ought to be met," and
it may be of service amid present perturbations to
glance at the opinions which the Bishop formed on
this very practical quistion at a time when his
thoughts were far from the distractions of high
official station. Dr. Tait at once placed his finger
on the speculations of German divines as the
source of the dangers to be feared, and pointed out
that they would arise in the field of Biblical
Criticism. His language on this point, read in the
light of the event, is remarkable. Having expressed
a doubt whether they, the teachers of the Univer-
sity, were prepared, as they ought to be, to meet
the approaching forms of doubt, he said :

It is sure to come upon us now-a-slays in a new and subtle
form, often arming itself with its most formidable weapons
from the very storehouse of the sacred books. And is it
not certain that there are many questions connected with
the authenticity and authority of these books, on which we,
in this country, with all our vaunted learning are not as
yeentorpared with the requisite information ansethosight to
us to vindicate the truth? Is it net too time that
the pest majority of serious men feel themselves quite
as it were, by surprise, when sash difilealtias are
upon their notice? And if the watchmen of Israel
have not looked their danger steadily in the face, how can
they be prepared to meet it ?

they were, he said, encouraging studies in macu-
lar literature, e.g., discussions of the credibility of
the early Roman history, which were sure in time
to suggest to all minds that the freedom of inquiry
which they engender might sooner or later be ap-
plied to the sacred boob ; but they were taking
little pains to provide themselves with that know-
ledge which was necessary to prevent those studies
from being perverted :

The difficulties that threaten to come upon ns, are thus
to be met. not surely by dosing our eyes to the itanger, and
looking with suspicion epos those who would them,
selves tomcat it ; not surely by lagging behind our age, and
allowing our minds to be engrossed with the refutation of
errors that have already had their day ; but by seriously
applying ourselves to those many and very severe studies
which an absolutely indispensable as the discipline that is
to train us for the coming warfare. . . . . It would be
ruinous to put off accustoming ourselves to then investi-
ptions till the necessity becomes urgent—to neglect to train
our troops till the enemy is at our gates. Many years must
be given to the diligent study of the language and history
of the Bible, if we would be ready really to defend at whom
infidelity assails.

In his third discourse, Dr. Tait described in almost,
touching language the trials of the thoughtful
Christian as he for the first time turns to the critical
study of the Bible, and remarks the combination of
human with Divine elements in its composition.

When tho simple lemons which we learned h childhood
ate first examined by us with a critic's eye, wLo shall ex-
plain the strange feelings that spring up within? In self-
confident and thoughtless minds, nay, perhaps in all, there
will be at first a burst of that enthusiasm with which
youth and vigour warmly ever fail to welcome as emanci-
pation from controlling power. If this feeling continues,
the danger is imminent, and the soul must suffer grievous
loss. . . . While the mind is in this perplexed state,
it will look almost with envy on the contented acquiescence
of the uninstructed poor, who have never dreamed of any
difficulties, and whose faith reposes happily out those de-
tached portions of the authorised E oglish version of the
Scriptures with which they happen to be familiar, as afford-
ing for all their Deeds a full mud satisfying supply from
God's living oracles.
_ _

Dr. Tait having in these and other passages of
similar significance, but more detail, pointed out
the dangers of the critical study of the Bible, notices
the question why a pursuit so dangerous should be
persevered in. God, he replies, has made it in-
dispensable. We may wish that He bad so ordered
man's mind that no doubts could ever arise in it,
that the very sight of the Bible should cause a con-
viction of its truth and authority to Bash on every
mind, that there had been no verse in it at all diffi-
cult in structure or meaning ; but, whatever we
may wish, this has not been God's plan. "He has
given the revelation of His will in such a form
as requires the aid of man's other light of
reason to make it plain. Nay, He has even
ordained, that as an understanding of His
truth is not forced upon us by the mere
letter of His word, the mode in which we exert
ourselves to obtain an insight into its meaning
shall be to many of us the trial of our faith." The
very fact that difficulties are found to attach to
the critical study of the sacred writings is assigned
by Dr. Tait as a reason for encouraging it ; for, he
observes that, speaking humanly, there is scarcely
anything more likely to spread doubt and unbelief
among us than the existence of a general suspicion
that many difficulties are involved in the critical
study of the Bible, which no one has the courage or
ability to grapple with. " Wherever a general
suspicion is engendered that something is amiss
in our system of religion, which from policy
or cowardice we aresanxious to conceal, there hidden
infidelity will make rapid progress, and many a
man of honest mind will in secret be tortured by
anxiety having no leisure to examine for himself
difficulties he has beard of, and be distressed by a
painful suspicion that those who ought to ex-
amine for him are deliberately or unwittingly
banded together to mislead." The passage which
follows is exceedingly applicable to the present
time :

And here it seems well to remark that the critical study
of the Bible is more than ever necessary to be encouraged
now, from the particular circumstances of our own age and
country. Whatever may be thought of the honesty or
policy of endeavouring to conceal difficulties and state in-
quiry formerly, the days when such methods of propping
up the truth of Ood were possible, are at an end. Or—not
to speak harshly of the well.meant conduct of good men in
former times—for us in this country the d►ys when the
minds of the mass of men could be directed, as if they
were children, and withdrawn from all dangerous specu-
lations to those thought. which their superiors in education
considered to be edifying. hare peeled sway. The old times
with their mingled good end evil—the old ideas of the pa-
ternal duty of government both le church and state to lend
the in... of men se it wen blindfold, and to shut up know-
ledge within the privileged mete of those who were thought
likely to make a good use of it, have pared. We may look
lack on the retiring scene, and while its less pleasing fea-
ture. are softened by the effect of distance as it fades from
our view, Insley loeg to mall it—some may even wish,
in their day dreams. that they had lived four hundred years
ago ; but, whether it were good or whether it were
evil, the old state of things can never be brought
beck. It is in our own generation, and amid the men of
our own their thoughts, bed es well Is

voil, their questionings and deulatine, and shallow dispu-
tations, as well as their energetic impatience of conceal-
ment and hatred of all formalism, that God has placed the
mane of our reepobilitiee ; and it is vain to think that we
min do any good Ulan by attempting to teach them
on the pnamples of • date of society, and not as
their own characters circumstances require.
It is certain that every man in this country who can read,
either knows already or may learn any day as he reads,
what those difficulties with respect to the Bible are on
which infidel' insist ; and it must be well also that be
abould know their refutation ; or, better still, that be
should feel that confidence which is inspired by • persuasion
that good and learned men have candidly met these
eulties grappled with them fairly, and vandiested the truth.
Nor can the service be said to lime been performed for us
by the able writers on evidences of the last age ; for, since
their time, infidelity has much changed the grounds of its
attack. Its objections are much more connected now than
in former times with • minute critical examination of the
meted books •, and therefore it is in the field of criticism
that It must be met and overthrown.

In treating of the spirit in which speculative error
should be met—a topic to which the first discourse
is especially devoted—Dr. Tait select, the Goa*
according to St. John se a model. Adopting the
view of early writers—that certain errors of his time
were before the apostle's mind, and that the desite
of combating them very much determined the point
of view from which he surveyed the history and
tecalled the discourses of his Master—be moulds to
exhibit the characteristics of his polemic. St. John
vim, before all bin brethren, the Apostle of love,
and unless controversy be carried on in the spirit
of love, it is essentially unchristian. Error may,
indeed, appear to be rooted out by the Sword, "or
without such harshness may be borne down by the
mere weight of a stern authority, which seeks to
overwhelm at once an erring brother and hisdoctrine.
Speaking generally, however, such a mode of
warfare will ensure no lasting victory. It may in-
duce a few to du violence to their convictions, and
thus gain for the winning cause the aid- of some
treacherous waiters upon fortune." But usually
error checked by force alone will spring up at lost
only the more vigorously. St. John's example is
a protest nut against all persecution merely, but
against all bitterness or violence even of speaking
or writing against those who are in error. This
love, however, so far from being inconsistent
with earnestness, can never be present without depth
and intensity of zeal for truth. St. John's love
was well suited to reclaim, became it must have
enabled hint to enter into his erring brother's dif-
ficulties and peculiar temptations, and thus must
have conciliated at the very moment that it
opposed. Dr. Tait then notices more directly the
Gnosticism of the age in which St. John lived. The
Apostle wrote to dispel error arising from the
blending of Christianity with the strange tasnacen-,
dented philosophy of the Dust. " But mark," asys
the preacher, the mode which be adoptatocomktt
it," and then he proceeds to show how St. John re•
cognized and fully allowed the existence of a tree
Divine gnat* such as that for which the Eastern
philosophy was seeking by merely human means. It
was by dwelling upon and encouraging men to follow
after the true Christian gnosis that St. John sought
to supplythose watts of the mind which were leading
men into heresy. He did not seek to chain men's
minds down when they wished to soar. He knew
that as truth is certainly more to be loved than
error so every error into which mentall is only at-
tractive because it bears some resemblanoe to a truth,
and therefore the only way to atop men's rash pur-
suit of error is to set before them the true light.
No heresy ever yet gained any adherents which had
not some features of truth to recommend it to
men's better nature ; and "the attempt to over-
throw error by mere protest and negation, if it
Wrecks men at all, will but make them iufidels or
heretics." Tim no one can hope to free his
kretbren from religions error unless he is able to
Inderstand and appreciate thole, IMMO by which
they have been led astray. "And when these
feelings are discovered, it is in vain to seek
to cure them by mere thwarting. Christ's re-
ligion is no dry, unnatural system, which cannot
be embraced by our minds till they have been
forced into some formal mould contrary to their
whole nature." It is in vain to say that the Gnos-
ticism of the apostolic age was nothing but un-
mixed error and folly of human wisdom. Like any
other heresy, it reflected the shadow of many great
truths • and whenever the A e can discover any
truth glittering from • the mass of error,
he turns to it eagerly, strives to purge
it from the dross which overlays it. " Had
St. John met his Gnostic antagonists by mere
protest and denial, be might have encouraged a
materialising system, 'almost worse than the errors
'he was opposing." Yet, in all this there was no
compromise ; the truth was at all times steadfastly
maintained.

This summary presentation of opinions on a
question of the day, formed in times calmer than
our own, may have its nags, when men are tempted
by the prevailing excitement to employ weapons
which, under circumstances favourable to reflec-
tion, they would condemn.