The Express.
London, England, 1857-07-24 00:00:00

(Stamped ld. Additional.) [TWOPENCE.

ROYAL AGRICULTURAL ASSOCIATION.

(PROM 01.11 OWN REPORTER.)
SALISBURY, THURSDAY EVENING.
This morning the whole of the grounds appro-
priated to the exhibition were thrown open to the public for
ibo uniform charge of to. fol. Never do we recollect seeing
the show-yard more fully attondiol on the half-crown day—
the great day for the million being to-morrow, when a shil-
ling will admit to the whole exhibition.
Before speaking more particularly of the cattle, of which a
finer show has never torn brought together, we may re-
mark, that it would be a great convenience to the public if
the sheds could be so arranged se to correspond with the
catalogue. No. 1 in the catalogue is, at present, arranged
about the centre of the exhibition, adding very much to the
pedestrian labour of those who alit to go thoroughly through
the show.
The short loons are most magnificent, and it would bo
about impossible to point out a bad or VI ifferut animal
awns': them.
~ The young bulk bred by r. }pekes have
that
firbtained st LT
pf,;zrethz
yrrarecesesuedy.ears ,
the bull
Car-
lisle two years since, when it woo sold to Mr. Stirling, M.P.
ll
for 200 guinea.. It to now three years and six months old, AU
is one of the finest animals we have over noticed, the breadth
of the back and symmetry being very remarkable. Colonel
Townley, who woe so suatessful with his bulb last year,
this year comes out in great force with his corn and heifers,
taking no lose than three prizes—all the animals being very
superior though be cannot expect to tusks that golden har-
vest which Butterfly (whose progeny of excellent growth are
shown in great number) brought him last year.
The Herefords are geurally good, and the first prize of 301.
has been won by 11... Williams, of Lc wes,with as fins an animal
aa the moat recondite judge of the value and treed of cattle
could with to we. In the occonl class bulls, not more than
one year old, the prince have been taken by Mr. Price, of
Pembridge, and Mr. Hill, of Golding-Hall, for animals
which the judges must have had considerable difficulty in
deciding between. Earl Radnor, Lord Bateman, and Lord
Berwick also took prizes in Ibis clam. His Royal Highness
the Prime Consort also exhibits in this claua4
The Devotes, if not large in numbers, are excellent in qua-
lity, and still maintain their rank as one of the most useful
classes of cattle. The principal winner of prima in this dose
its Mr. James Quartly, of Midland House, South Moltem,lba
Prince Consort taking in common with other breeders, a
second-clue prise for certainly a vary excellent beast.
The show of Channel Islands cattle was inferior alike in
quality and quantity; and though there wino a few good
beasts, they failed to produce that favourable baguette
which was expected.
In agricultural boner the show in most magnificent, sad
we never saw two liner &numb, than the greys of Mr Hild-
yard, of Newark, end Mears. Baker, of Cambridge, which
hare taken the first and round prizes. They are perfect in
symmetry, and it must hove been a difficult teak indeed to
decide between them. The grey of Messrs. Baker, " Young
Inkermann," last year took the first price in the class of
dray honer The winner of the first prize is moot appro-
priately named " Matchless."
The dray horses exhibited eta extremely good, though few
in number, "The Coop/ere?" carrying off the first pale, as
doubtless his owner expected he would when naming him.
" Darling" won the prize for mares and foals: being the
only mare with foal entered for competition ; and ' &way,"
the only filly (foaled 1,45) exhibited, not coming up to the
standard required by the judges, foiled to obtain the prize for
that clam, which to withhold.
The hunting and riding horses exhibited are not equal to
the agricultural and drav-a matter of little moment, perhaps,
in an agricultural exhibition, where all that tends to the
improvement of the farm lout be oonoidered of paramount
important*.
In sheep Lewiston do not shine with any peculiar advan-
tage, and Mr. Sanday, of Nottingham, carries away all the
penes. The Southdowna and other abort emolled sheep ale
extremely good—Mr. Jolla, Webb and Mr. Overarm, of
Rimbaud, Norfolk, dividing the prizes between these—the
Cambridge and Norfolk breeder, boating the olsort-weelled
sheep even on their own ground, though it is expected dm
Duke of Richmond would have obtained some of the=
but fur the accident to which we alluded yesterday.
was also an excellent chow of other short-woollod sheep Oa
extra cleat not quolffied to chow as Soothdowno), in which
the Salop. bore away the palm of ouperiority ; Wiltahire,
however, coming In for a fair Marc of the honours.
The show of pots was remarkably flue, m might have been
expected in an exhibition held so rl'.eely on the confines of
Hampshire, tbnuoh, strange to ray, none of the prices have
been awarded to Hammlam—Yorkshire and Lancashire pre-
ponderating in the scale. Curiously, with one exception, the
whole of the prime are awarded to white or partially white
etltmals ; though, in our opinion, there were some beautiful
fleck pigs in the chow. The three pigs (breeding sows)
which take the first prize for three of the same litter, above
fur and under eight montho old, had been named teepee-
Neely by their owner. Mr. Watson, of Bolton-park, Cum-
berland, We" "Must" " Win."
We have so far spoken of the dame. fir which prizes were
given by the Agricultural Society, but tore were also epochal
prima from the Salisbury local committee for Ifampshive
Down sheep; and well were they contested for' the sheep
shown being of a very superior quality, and in good numbers.
A ovoid prize (a gold medal) wasalso given by M. Dutrona,
of Parlabot, near TrousseaavillaDivea department of Cal-
vados, France, fur the beat polled hull, of any age, which
was awarded to Mr. G. Badham, of Ipswich, for a mmroill-
cent beast, two years and nine mouths old, of pure Suffolk
breed.
The poultry !show was the best we have yet seen at the
exhibitions of the Agricultural Society, and proved peculiarly
attractive to the ladies. The Dorkthp, the most useful of
English fowl, were in full force, and we never saw better
bads than those exhibited by Captain Ifornby. The
were also extremely good, and the noisy Cubing 7crih
nots
fail to let the rompany know of their pounce. The Ham-
burg. and Polanda excited considerable attention by their
beauty, which always procures for them plenty of admirers ;
and they well deserved it by their excellent quality.
Tho turkeys, geese, and ducks exhibited were worthy el
much commendation, and it is grotifying to see the geese
progress this portion of the exhibition is making in the
estimation of the members of the society; for, properly un-
derstood, there is no portion of a farm more valuable than
poultry, and nothing can add to the oomforta of the people
more than a greater attention to its breeding.
THE DINNER.
The annual dinner of the society took place in the Council-
chamber on (Voloorelay evening—the pavilion dinner having
been dispensed with—and, as far as regarded the attendance,
was a complete (allure, not more than 130 gentlemen
being present, including offieittlo whereas on former
ocomions the number assembled Las amounted to from
.500 to 1,200 person.' according to the locality in
which the dinner has been held. The now arrange-
ment of providing for only 200 persons at double prise, and
with the exception of the addition of champagne and a re-
called claret, for a very little better dinner than ordinary,
has shown the want of discrimination of the managers in a
remarkable degree. So displeased were the members of the
London Farmer. Club at the arrangement, that a luau
of them, ignoring the society's dinner, dined together at the
White Hart Hotel—the chair being taken by one of the
judges of the chow, Captain Tanner Davy—and we we fa-
formed deep end strong were the expression, of dissatisfac-
tion at the arrangements of the council, and there was eves
mite talk of slotting an independent sorters.
The chair at the Society's dinner woe tot en by Lord Port-
man, in consequence of the unavoidable absence of the
Smoker, the president for the year. Hie Lordship was env
ported by the Right lion. Sidn Herbert, M.P., Sir W.
liftsdlycott Sir E. Mules. lout. : Messrs.
T. H. &therm
Eattsourt,ll.P., E. Auteobuo, M. H. Marsh, M.P.,
W. J. Chaplin, the Mayor of Salisbury ; M. Bortier of ties
Agricultural Society of Flanders; M. Serra; M. 'Beller,
Mr. French, vice-president of the Agricultural Society of
the United States; M. Buller M. Antoine (oonseiller Hew-
mire it Is Coat d' Appel d' Amiens), Count 0. De Wer.ell, K.
F. do Gnarl*, Prebendary Fano, Meson. West Awdry,
under-sheriff of the county ; John Cother, Stephen Mills, A.
Jaelmon, Joules Rawlence, IL C. Stokee, H. Wilson, he.
The health of her Mejeety having been drunk,
The CHAIRMAN proposed the health of the Prince Consort,
Albert Prince of Wel., and the other members of the royal
family. He was quito sure that no ono who raw the Prince
Consort in the yard that day could fail to feel the immense
emigration that had been afforded to them by the visit of
the Prince. He could swore them the remarks of the Prince
Consort were these of a most intelligent farmer, and of one
who was prectically acquainted with the value of the im-
plements there exhibited. (Cheers.)
The CHAIRMAN called upon Mr. French. the Vice-Pre-
eident of the Agricultural Society of the United States for
the next toast.
Mr. Foroco, after thanking the noble chairman for the
honour done him by confiding a toast to his hands, proceeded
to my that he hod left his own country to spy out the way in
which they cultivated the land in this country. He had
scarcely had two months yet to Dee the agriculture of this
oiuntry, but he had obeerved carefully during that time the
differences that were manifest between its agriculture and
that of America. He observed here • more thorough, a more
systematic course of agriculture, a better system, a more pro-
fitable, a more money-making system. That difference was
the result of the cheapnere of land and the dearness of labour
in America. He might bo allowed to begat a little,
as they bad, be was glad to my, taken the fret
prize for mowing machines ; that was a proof, not
that they had superior and better groins, bat another
illustration of that MOTOR that "necessity is the mother
of inveation." (Hear, hear.) If Eoglishinen had been
obliged to pay is. a day for mowing their hay, as he bad
done on his farm in Amenca, he thought, like Yankees, they
would have set themselves down and thought a little MOM
*haply upon thin subject. (- Hear, hear,' and laughter.)
The Yankee sat down thinking he bad gut 7.. a day to day,
and him acme must be cut, and so he set to work to °Quintet
a machine, and bads all England. (Laughter.) Then again
another principle (he was not going to give any opinion upon
English laws)—and that prmciplo waa, that in Amen,"
there was no law of vi=gmiture—they ought, of ODOM,
to hare it, bathe did not admit they were wrong is any-

thing. (Laughter.) In America, If • also bad a Maenad
acres of land, and he died without • will, leaving ten
children—and they were very apt to have ten chil-
dren there—(renewed laughter)—the land wan divided
into ten ports, each child taking his share. Now
the same operation took place if they had only 100
acres, and the result wan very small holdings of land.
In order to make the land pay, capital was necessary, mad
the fanners in America had not yet found that out. They
had done so here In this muntry, and understood that the
best investment was in the improvement of the land. In
America the farmers Invested their money in buying rsilway
and other stock. In that they were wrong, whilst in Eng-
land they were right. (Hear, hear.) The position of agri-
culture in America might be illaa rated by the ease of a per-
son who had no money, and whose only umbel was a tole-
rable education ; he could read, write, and cipher, or "cal-
culate," as the Yankees called it, and he went into thewilder-
nose as • pioneer of civilisation. He could not sit down and
read books; his business was with the question of how
bread was to be provided. Ire could not consider what
was beat for posterity and agriculture ; but the question
was, how could be get maintenance for the neat year for
his wife and children. Then he must build a house, and
if he had any neighbours, they helped him to build a log
house. It was bolt in a day, and answered his purpose
very well. Then he bad an occasional tight or brush with
the Indiana, and, farther, he had a variety of matters to
attend to, such as making his fences, and by-and-bye ho
gat settled, if he did not go went, as he generally did two
or three Hume, and no he went on improving tLc laud.
The farms in America were one vent settlement, and how
much land there was ho did not know, hut when he left
home there were thirty-one states, and bow many them
were now he really did not know. (Laughter and cheers.)
To give an instance of the mode of progress, twenty-bee
there was a place where there was a wilderness
=Test:LT there was nothing but a few tithing-houseri, and
the other day the inhabitants numbered at least 110000.
Then, too, they made roads—the farmer, pioneer—and in
the State of Illinois, according to a recent statement, them
were 2,680 miles of railway in that one single state ; so that
getting the land gradually cultivated, they had • country
with the Atlantic on the west, the Pacific to the east, the
Gulf of Mexico on the south, and the very best kind of
neighbour, in Canada, on the north. (Cheers.) They
therefore) could go no further, and were thus in a position to
learn agriculture ; and they mane here to this country, from
whom they derive common parentage and common law;
they came here, as to the mother country, to learn agricul-
ture. He came to this society ea the representative of
agriculture, and he therefore took the liberty to propene se
a sentiment, " Prosperity to the Royal Agriculture' Society
of England." (Loud cheers.)
The Right Hon. Sll.Selt HLRHEILT, M.P., then said--
Lord Portman and gentlemen, I have had • toast entrusted
to me which I feel to be a great honour to have placid in my
hands ; but before I mention what that toast is, I hope you
will allow me to express the satisfaction with which I think
we all have heard the excellent speech as delivered by the
representative of our eldest daughter. (Cheers.) It is
quits true, I believe, as Mr. French says, that " necessity
is the mother of invention." I think that we shall have
before long to apply some such spur and stimulate to oar
r ifirkeLof invention in order to enable us to compete with the
ties with which we are now obliged to cope. In look-
ing to-day at the chow, I was very much struck with that to
which naturally I paid more attention, as a Wiltshire farmer,
I 'menthe sheep that are shown Now I want to ask of you
practical farmer., which I am not, how you intend to meet
the great difficulty of the rearing of sheep; we hare, be-
lieve, done something towards it. Ten years ago we never,
I believe, thought of killing sheep under two years old, and
now we rear and kill sheep in one year. The result is, that
during the lest 10 years we have eaten 13 generations of
sheep. Now, I maintain that, having done so—and Mr.
Mills will correct me if I ern wrong—and made sheep into
mutton in one year, we have got no margin left on that
side. I, therefore, any that, if tho man who would make
one blade of gran do the duty of two would be a
national benefactor, that I want some other persons to be
national benefactors, and raise two sheep where one was
raised before. We must either do that or make them breed
twice •year, for otherwise by and bye we shall bare to con-
sider how we are to procure store stock. (Cheere.) Mr.
Sidney Herbert concluded by proposing . The health of the
Speaker of the Homo of Commons."
Lord Poerwov returned thanks on his behalf, and then
proposed " The Mayor and Corporation of Salisbury."
" Agriculture, Commerce. and Manufactures" was neat
drank, on the proposition of Mr. M. MARSH, M.P.
A long sruxess on of personal and complimentary baste
were drunk, and the company then separated.
The following are the chief items in the official prize list for
cattle and sheep:
SHORTMORNED CATTLE.
Pull, from two to four ream Md. Pint mire, 344.—Mr. Wm. Stirilue.
N.P.of Kele Darnhlane. Perth, Second, 181.—Mr. Jam. )laughton
lairiatou, Nal,lda.boun. Cblepthe Nottoo, Oxon.
Bute rived rise its let of July, Iftss. and more than one 'tar old.
Pint, rat —Mr. B. Fauber. of Fernley hall. Utley, Yorkshire.
Second. IN —fir. J. W. Brown. of Uffooti, Swindon.
BEREFOIII4I.
Beill•ea/mi ou or before July I. ISM. and not execolloc four roam
Bd. Virg, 30t—lle Moore Willierns. of losereweourt. neer WU'.
een-a. Smon.l.l3f.—Phillp Tureen of the Lees, Pantiridge, tem
Leolofroter.
Rohe eilmd Cote July l 1855, and more than sae year old. First,
Edward Prim. of flourthotim, Pearbeidge. near Laornboter.
Core. Militia oe in calf. Pint, 10L—Lord Berwick, of Cronkhlll, mar
-Thrernterr.