The Northern Daily Times.
Liverpool, Merseyside, England, 1856-09-19 00:00:00

3Me t weIVE

.en consisted of some 09,,Y
'rasa land. When I left it in the year 1855,," "era tail
ig like 200,000 sheep, about 5,00 u 4131°-cle
-ne of agriculture was from 11,-fastAidot
We had to struzgle at first to a tn-
of ~fls
410 inducements of the gold diggings coridoe,
we found it most difficult to find the nece,;
We had not then time to grow corn, and take 10f,
of the prices, while we had to pay gold price' as rip'
But, notwithstanding that, which certainly red 4
disadvantage at the first, no one, I think, etterieit
ing that the gold diggings have been a_cilli,Fo:l:ehily°.

pillions o

iPmethir

and the incr
great deal.

and no v

more than.de. improvement OE nv,-;o
this, that it attractea r,k 1
o the Australian colonies, in Whie,4."lo°Al
_,e°t
Alia cannot go ahead "ot "er
Zealand, and no settleroed 56c01y
like Canterbury' aviivietit 'e
- effect upon tbee're, ,Do tOt,°)/
Jonsider, thero°o 10,011 t,
re the means of bringla —5'515.0f
0110111

Zealand could b,

ar, hear.) I

One new source 491 1

more covered with sheep and Cattle, and I trust to see °f a Queen, an Emperor, and a Bing, and I now propose a
theca in their place give way to the working farmer who power to which all three must si7e-4atrib—l mean a free
shall be themultivator of the land. (Hear, hear.) The press. (Cheers-) I do hot know how it happens that the
occupation of the plains by sheep or cattle in farms or in
Pasturing, what is it, after all, but a temporary. measure ? apthretissseims
etahte, toastlurisnitess
i bteh
from
rt.i is
tdhres 1.?...„.k nt allpublic
I.meear, hear.) It is but making use of them until the in confirmation of Holy Wr''-
illea.r.9lay come when agriculture shall have them. (Hear,
shall be ldst, and the ' '
, ) The colonies are not meant to be roamed over by
1 ,hew_thou..sand sheep—they are meant to be a place and (Hearne for
, the superabundant population of England.
if the' "ear.) They are meant to be treated as such, and
county are so treated, instead of weakening the parent
lae',l"_:l7, or what may be called the main line, they will
„i'til'ale
.te means of strengthening her. I may refer
pride to the New Zealand contributions to the
Patrioticl4 Fund, which has been larger per head,
is proportion, than any other British colony Thi'
tt,e certain sign of the spirit which animat
lain to hat
thEra, and shows that. - ,oin
ve ,L 0 that colony, we do not ,nc
,(11,,_'ave come, and what our mother country is
arev!tr, and cheers)• We are as much E.
tthhiesdeck of this vessel. (Cheers).
1)11,?-eite.°:t:ril
morning to attend this meeting, for the
kit
Btrkaipall Line has always had a great name in the
1,4411
I.ti c3louies. I heard a report a year
realarka. lag) and I scarce:,
irepr„ling at the time—‘.
lilac', ,ng fast, for James Banes
Now, tiall Line of Liverpool." c,
tkih ti tine that the report was true.
t,, wUas made with regard to the 01-
con 4 ell I wish to
x_a q erora of that
ce. A. ..,. ~ race
Position 'l' ill's

on going

forget whence

glish there as w

I tame fr

ago of this

y believed-it then, but I

nude
• We

and cheers)

o conquerors

inal race, bnt

"c aboe,
heir wii,
Teieir 0 ct'
take wo until they sell it to the Geve,-
%yearn "re of it. ''hey sell it to the Governr.
The n'T'crit tells it again to the Colonists a
one e. selves ore not, indeed, men to be conque'
one c ,Wo wars with them, and the first te
ti,°clY in the P-
tenghter)4.
ve
wemall way.
hat little
ef the same'lt" te an a 1,..
thicroug (Hear, hear, —_
'''°t br re
hly beaten, and they are a rate.
at tyranny
'the eq toe least bullring, or the least attemp
f course, it
ye 4'lollld rise at the first moment, aenndEinegnia,
nod and New
''salatide a qUestion of strength betwe
uer in the end, but at
whet and of course we should conq
(Heat, hear.
eer.a taerifice it would be difficult to say.
le-IV:re 35,000 English there, and proper V
t to a -
o ite-,,' and a War with the natives now ..
'O, bee.,,,nsequences. (Hear, hear.) I. could.
go on, a
°tit' -ea° arid gentlemen, for a long time in this strain,
1 nists in
New 'well lot do so. I wish there were more cs o _
w Ze
those iAland than there arc. I could wish to see some of
knee:" ore going out, to tell them how favoured and
P 41 they are to have such a ship as the Oliver Lang to
(arsell .` considered myself very fortunate ham lie out
soon s°aw how
!.81 of 750 tons, and a good ship, but I
'eabie,"lor the accommodation of the Oliver Lang is.
The
*tf "" are ~, •
the
eeree, 'ery superior, and
the enclosed berths of litetear are a matter of very great
..
comfort to the
,
ear.)'''e Passengers, I feel quite certain._
will,
"Pe The commencement of this
the north
Lan lea out a new way for emigration from
1 d and
g-tfld' and nut leave the south of hear.)
The
illannfa
f.O carryen all the emigration. (Hear,
ost teeming
t)Pulp !"urint districts of the north have a m
4, 4tiell.
P c ' 'nu a most dangerous popt aio •1 t' n to have
of .4131.1-Yed ab
and if there is a ready
means
teeter , out England, . .
be
teliqtation for them to the British colonies,they will -
eltilich ee., !Ike advaetage of it, and thus reliev ithe pressure
Birmingham,
yeentl th:e's,s in towns like Manchester and
(freer, hear.)
it 1)48 manufacturing towns of the north.
and instead of
°E'et-4°Y will still be the sinews of the land,
the
the -g a hilrthen to the country, will raise
tit_
lonhaee-P°'ver of the nation in a distant sphere. (0
in the name
14 h- ,1 to thank this assemblage, not only
of New
, t e et
.eeli eanterbu v Settlement, but in the name
._
f • 'NI ,forr' • • h you have received my
Nod_ ,_ tb
1 4—e manner in wine
-he he',.,,, r• Smith, and myself. (Loud cheers, amid which
Capi",--tlr_aie gentleman resumed his seat.)
the toast.
eaid do. gob gentleman
also rose to respond to
mange
'
Ithiet; ',aro esceedin ly obliged to you for the ma
t'Lit tesPond dg the last toast, and tal
, yor z . e to
se
;'':' ee, Vol-tinning you that I have made
'bled 4ealand. .tl' hen I made the first voyage,
iiiied °ll those shores I had a strong impression on Vinlez that evetually) it would become a greatoc I
was.,
at yci "Ii
Rrton to New Zealand was first talked of,
ofo, I
410411 and I saw how much the people of t •
h uatry
was
te
' t of
tiship I then commanded
*btto , le matter. The
V°lc the Straits for a cargo of oil, and many persons
iBe9 tiec advaetage of. going there. Later, in the yearto
lileklinew,cent to New Zealand, and I well reme.mbe! h
!erthee'.'
of that came over my mind as I
tv,iewer-,
e'lge, re°' the coast, which reached nearly to ,m,ii to car oot far from the water's edge. we h
,'le Reil3l4,t,%houlders in ferns and wild oats. W
'ike, they Dassengers were so pleased that
oisete`" had a dinner on the
°f te °o that it • hpleasure to find my f can
0 „,.., gme me mac t,- - it
toast wag on that occasion. At that en.P
17
/VS all P'l'DoSed, " Prosperity to No,
relt3. live to see it ;" and I am hanN
h.. I
18 tee .Who too see
a part in that meeting
a,
n4y of Talin'OSperity After keeping for some time
f°llll4 Islands I whin. • • to Cook's Straits.
,ti. the
~...,,
.event _ .
ab l She oil actives ing, t.
4td 411 4 Was then pleased to find the peope
Ninee "r Property was safe ; and I do assure ye
as thee a glnall community, determined to live as p..
ti eY poz,s• ,
sat
*oe te - ibly could together, and it gave us all
amour `l'cres i see how comf t• bl they all worked
14 etves , . Or a y
deal o.
a ° eha, L •uuring my visits I have seen., great
to
eee eecwr fth • I much surprised
ti, the, 0 e natives, and was
heard of
traits
-4-1 so intelligent, after the accounts I had h
%Nits 'b Of course th.e are a singular race, and have many
that i
g'it I found manyy of hem well instructed, so much so,
14
re-(1a
pockett.eat le ofthem to write their own namesi
la tYr, t-
boob,
number .
them to my frients
a 1 that I might show
'etlik;,l-°[,, and be I was most anxious
'that they
tleari gave the trutheausethem.This, of itself, would
ate Y lime ~before
Veit te as e inat the New Zealanders were not in such a
tel/e°ltle croons had represented them. I, after that,
lileallite %,harleswork Island, and there I witnessed a most
Illative3g sight.
It was about t the Christmas time, and the
the we entre iu their holiday dresses—the men in coats, and
teec'veiellleen, .in towns—they having thrown aside their usual
the ehke °Kips and hides. At the time they came on boar
;°iressi,,iit was about eleven o'clock in the day.
.They
,4rae ef
a Wish to have Divine service performed, which of
0110 e, - Del-Mitt d ' b k with the prayers I
te ed th e . Having aoo
were
torr ro, and I was surprised to find that theyeetcor
adtlots "t ill th ' , and ell* responses. Bat they are a p peculiar
o thi - are
was
n Very peculiar in their menners. There
4boee .g that st being very curious, during the
eel, visit , curl: me as
echo 140 e, beganl.° my ship—the men
to preach the
bugeen'ta t.) preach the gospel no doubt
.as
.he had
''ll't by SO • • but he ended his discourse
tea_ the ~,,_ nre Miesiopar
Navin abovirce of land in that
district—(laughter)—
Bay
e0,,.06 that he was looking a
Straits,
after business. Not
`'Y ni 'Noted my cargo at Gook's
kove and 1 h
first
flee,'ll,or. / ad the pleasure of taking. out the .
sent""aill 4 , was witness to their signing the treaty with
°use%
England I was again
hat °et, at, . • On my return to
eeb°lle ef t ;.o the ship that I .
commanded, I had the
J'qe 11'4'. out the Lord-Chief Justice and the Attar-
,- rds
tilide
liera
. We Wallinon, but we afterwards
land"tnki that the went to f
Government was at Auck-
%hell 4,1 saw the head seat
t°,l) time aft e commencement
~
of that province. Some
in Nee 0 er the disturbances, which have been alluded
k, °t her , ut, and Co much progress was not made there as
--t ee Froeiee • - years after that that
it
tiei e. i a. -es, and it was some
u, then „.`thrl no again visit the place for some years,
had
'l7,4apr-s1" Was delighted to see what a few years
4'4'l Iv 1-"ci• Pr llth t I have seen of the place, and
year.. bat 1 e Prom a a
quite sure that, in a few
t 11,4? We shall teually know, I am
quantity of agricul-
teet,t DrOdoerll3 able to export a great
great granary for this
%It Ty to ~ -, and would prove
.a
n,. °Pini,,L'ave resort to. It is with gdelight that I see the
88
it ''a I for of the country so fully realised. lam
are Press ,will be tiled
and I am proud at being
are '-."' 04 this rae a.great colony,
the people of L.verpool,
AL !Leaistin_ oocasion, whensyotou,m
b haire,i6 °Y Your energie make it so. Permit me,
it is
eroshec, an, before I sit down, to propose a toast,,, h .
rs.
'''"atierwit.'l,Y to the town and trade of Liverpool. —(c e_e_ )
hariea ,i 1 that toast allow me to couple the name of 11Ir.
'/Ilt, Ti tiriler' (Applause).
ooraiail inlet. oe . .
lio,olitY gre,t,o rising to respond
to the toast, was most
for the t' be 0.10`", 14 said, Mr. Chairman, I feel it a great
assure Irdeta4t`td out by Captain R. obLe. return thanks
'V
er oo l , and I do
PleasurY°4, eie tes,
,01 the town of. i
is p
ye:
ia `° that "1r behalf, that it with
-_ ,
i , Rentleree we wele 41 n en a • -otne the gen •
tlereen here to -day.
°-'e uf ' • Pride t h such manificent docs!,
at Whc4 ~,. ous to ave .
lee ,Present r• - Loa magnificent ship wet_are met in is
CiE (-,,, . loin.
a member of the
onei "lornitt ' and as it is our
oas desire
the
chi
t 0 P ov'' necessaryaccommodation for
4r, d tt. I) p_ing of the rporitue the
toßetiilr! u°rPoration are Gentlemen, the Dock Committee
think -1' for the e two separate bodies,
but they work
datie Joe Will
sae...
,ibenefithat
of the port ; and
gentlemen, I
Poet ! for the qt t
d. we have provided . greater accommo-
e in the sheppina than has been done in any other
ehieh
e 6 'world. '''•
Ana, I say, we are proud of the vessels
the Im.tine to the port, of which the Oliver Lang is by far
„alaginfie,r,!.°Perior ; and we are not only proud of our
sliterpei '"‘ l'esPels, but we are also proud of the energy and
those
„se always shown by the shipowners, particularly
eieb, I,ll'e the l‘lessrs B-ines and Co., who have already
the '4'l, which has -“
4 , port cif -,. almost exclusively been confined to
;not yet • euondon, and which has been a great benefit,
Ocre, 't is a trade which is very considerable, end must
he i'e as You increase the wealth of that colony which
Wittave heard so ably described by those gentlemen who have
benefitesed it •• •
,th , and I think it is a trade which . .
tee 0 good old town 't is trade that will increase
reverie.,
dock —1 a .
obethee or the estate, of which I have the honour
'°'ealth 't) chairman—it is a trade that will add to the
teee6e..oef the town, and increase the emplo weal of
the
eeterp'ot..., and I trust that it will add to the th of
en the irg gentlem9i, who has put such an elegant vessel
, ae as the Oliver Lang. (Applause.)
"8 Chairman :. We have already drank the health

ay become Br

y of lelan

.nt there as

I:td priv

The land is
;nt. We never

e they b

trould be fearful

character

this oppor

everal voyage

strength of it,

,he watEr's
ad to walk

a we saw

aglishman
and I do

I, and m

teltion of itt

;ilent, and

D friendly,

he first

nn of the nece

uas now become
....dries of life, and I believe it to be
..unest, and that no-newspaper worth a rush
I could be bought for all the gold in Australia. (Cheers.) I
beg to propose " The Free Press," and to couple with that
name of Mr. Charles Willmer, the representative
f the daily press.. _

toast the

suggested that three cheers should be given,
ving been duly carried into effect,
Witlmer, in responding to the toast, said—
Chairman, you have taken me by surprise on the present
sion. I came here to be a listener, and bad no intention
making a speech. I came here for the phrpose of ob-
taining information, and then cb,sserniPating that information
through the world at larr,e. For the compliment you have
paid the press, and me, individually, I return you my most
sincere thanks. The many speeches that you have heard
this day has left me but little to say, therefore I will not
detain you, but simply return you my sincere thanks for the
compliment you have paid to the press.
The Chairman then proposed the health or" The Ladies,"
ith three times three hearty cheers,
ed.

ir. Charles

making a speech

;yhich was duly dL

and the meetin

nik with

THE HEALTH COMMITTEE

y, the usual weekly meeting of this committ

held at the

Town H

11, Mr; Langdale in the chair.

['stone, Hodson, Shield

were—Messrs. Beckwith

3, Johnston, Haydock

The minutes of the last meeting were read and confirmed

Dr. Cameron, acting for the medical officer, reported that
health of the town continued in a satisfactory state, and
at the deaths were 72 below the number at same time last

year. During the week ending September 13, the total
number of deaths was 226. Zvmotio diseases, 81, resulting
in 64 death caused by diarrhoea; scarlet fever caused 3
deaths ; small pox, 3 ; measles, 4. From diseases of the
Pangs, including consumption, caused 48 deaths ; disease of
the brain, 9 ; convulsions, 19 ; dropsy, 1 ; disease of ,the
stomach, 3 ; teething, 4 ; old age and general debility,
SO: The mean temperature of the week was 65,80, and
the mean reading of barometer 30.04 inches.

The Borough Engineer, Building Surveyor, and Inspector
of Nuisances, reported various particulars of the operations
in their several departments during the week, from which
it appeared that 144 delapidated privies and ashpits were
altered and repaired, 1,037 cesspools had been discharged,
82 nuisances complained of by inhabitants had been
inspected and means taken to remedy them, 754 houses in
the unhealthiest districts, containing 2,346 apartments and
204 cellars, had been put under examination with the view
of improving their sanitary condition, and 248 lodging-
houses had also been examined and reported upon.
A lengthened letter was read from idr. Cantrell, the
extensive lime burner, conanlainine o

.e conductor

borough engineer in refusing to use
at his kilns. The subject of the letter
rather dissultory debate, Mr. Beckwith contending
was really too bad that a tradesman she
mated, and as Mr. Cantrell was pres,
he was desirous that he should be called in and .
lewlands face to face and substantiate the charg.
n agreed in this view, but Mr. Shiel urged that
ag so the Committee would be setting a bad w-.d
q precedent. Mr. Newlands declined to be subject
bps such as those brought by Mr. Cantrell. He
rejected the lime because it was bad, and would do so again.
He was responsible to the Committee and the ratepayers for
what he did, and would not, therefore, be bound by the
Cantrell, or any chemist he might retain, as
.er the lime supplied was good or bad. In reply to
.eckwith, as to how he would know good from bad lime,
Newlands cuttingly replied " that is my business." Mr.
Haydock, having seen the lime rejected, was bound to say it was
e also said it was not his practice to enquire to whom
le supplied by the contractors belonged. He did not
,or ho did not care, whcse Manufacture it was.
Mr. Cantrell was brought in,aud was subjected
:urination by the chairman, and failed to
committee that Mr. Nevelaiads had committed

ime manufactured
led to a long► and

Mr. Hods,

)uld be co ui
t in the adj

by doh)
dangero

opinion of M

to a st

art ex

offence, or exhibited any partiality, He produced a
led bottles, with- the view of showing

mples in s

mmittee
_that the lime rejected by Mr. Newlands was

whilst that used was of an inferior. qu
,ramittee passed on to other matters, convinced that

of the rejection of M

d the committee's servants, the firmer,

no doubt, adt

re delivering it to be used.
rs from Mr.- Claus, of Gore Street North, corn-
; of the sewerage of the street ;.and also from Mr. T.
)n,. of 5, Cezneau Street, complaining of an. over

.
charge being made upon him for the pavement, &
opposite his house, but no action was taken thereon.

certain nuisances in Whitechapel. lie said
aat, at their last meeting, he had referred to certain
ces in Stanley street and Temple court, and
Sad to call the committee's attention to a nuisance
ca a candle manufactory in Whitechapel. Whilst
'•e had written a letter to

ed the committee's atten-

tion to

the meeting last week,

requesting to know if the police officers

on duty in that districi had noticed the nuisance. Major
Greig was from home, but the superintendent for the south
)f the town, acting for the heal constable, had returned

oliowing rep

EXTRACT,

September 12, 1856.
endent Brenan begs to report, for the information of

3 Constable, that he has made enquiry with respect to
smell which was experienced in the neighbourhood
techapel, and Sir Thomas' Buildings, on Tuesday

of W hit,

eNening last, and has ascertained from policeeConstable 60,
Dunn, who was on duty in Whitechapel from three to nine

P.M. on th day, that a very offensive smell proceedeo.
_adle r iufactory of Mr. Elenry Thompson, No.
hitechape'. The smell was very bad between five and
six o'clock, and continued so until nine o'clock P.M.
Superintendent has also ascertained from police constable
225, Rigby ; 536, Holmes; 233, Chapman ; 66, Shimmin ;
662, Maddocka ; and 433, Gordon, who were on duty in

y great

41, Whitechapel

. .
that neighbourhood day and night, that, at intervals in warm
weather, the smell proceeding from this manufactory is
exceedingly offensive, and inhabitants and passers by have
frequently complained of it. THOMAS QUICK.

For the Head Constable.
When he mentioned the matter in the committee he did not
particularise any individual, but he had received a letter
which he would read, as he considered its contents' should
be known—

41, Whitechapel,.Sept. 13, 1856.
Dear Sir,—This week my place has been visited by two
officers of the Health Committee, and I am threatened to be
fined. This visit appears to have emanated -from some remarks
that you made last Thursday, at the sitting of the Health
Committee. My object in thus addressing you is to say that, if
there be any nuisance here, let it be pointed out, and, if at
all possible, it shall be remedied ; but do not let me be dropped
upon without a moment's notice, without a chance of removing
it

What nuisance can exist I cannot possibly conceive—if

it be- for melting, to me this appears strange, as the fat melted
is bought and melted, the same day, fresh from the market,
long before the flesh of the beast is sold, or even offered for
sale, and, of course, cannot be possibly bad; as for candle making,
no

_
isance whatever can come from that.. However, I am not
aware of any nuisance in, my premises,; if there be, let me
know it, and I will do all in my power to do what may be
required. It should, however, be under'stood, that there are
other works in our vicinity, and from them the nuisance you
name might proceed. At the same time, lam willing to do
what I can if any such exists ; but I think it would scarcely
be fair to drop upon me when I am not aware of anything
being wrong, and, without ary notice, to fine me. I
throw myself upon the indulgence of the Health Com-
e, and appeal to their justice if such a mode of
would be consistent—let_ me be fairly dealt with,
atisfied. Depending upon your love of justice,
and your well know liberality, I trust to an amicable arrange-
Int.—Yours, &e, H. THOMPSON.
Robertson Gladstone, Eeq.

acu
and I will be

erely called attention to the evils with a view to their
mem. The officers of the committee were instructed
►k after the matter.
Some other unimportant business was transacted, and the
committee separated.

CHILDREN LOST IN TITE CORN.—A little boy not quite
four years' old, the child of a person- named Shesrcl, em-
ployed in the cloth works at Quarmby, near Huddersfield,
.wandered away from home on Friday week, and strayed
into a barley field, where he lost himself amongst the high
He was found dead on the Wednesday afterwards,
three yards from the hedge or feriee of the field. The
her had been out looking for him, and had passed within
00 yards of the spot. Two similar instances of children
lost in the standing corn have occurred this autumn,
Derbyshire, and the other we believe in Staffordshire.
the child was found alive arid well.
WAX-WORK ExHIBITION, TEUTONIC-HALL,
LIME-STREET, LIVERPOOL.—DOVE, THE MUHDERSR.—The
only correct likeness of this criminal is to be seen at the
above exhibition, and is placed by the side of Palmer. Both
these poisoners are full-length, and are acknowledged by all
to be perfect likenesses. They are surrounded by upwards
of 100 wax figures, large as life; together with 500 statues,
busts, casts of heads, &c.. &c. ; also a great number of
Stereoscopic and other views. The proprietor begs to state
that the likeness of Dove and Palmer are most positively
the only true ones taken. Palmer was modelled by Mr.
George Ewing, of London, during his trial at the Old
Bailey; and a sketch of Dove was taken by Mr. John
Storey, of York, and afterwards modelled expressly for Mr.
Allsop, by Mr. William Leland, of Liverpool. Open from
ten, a.m., till ten, p.m. Admission, Sixpence. A quadrille
band in attendance. Observe thename of Allsop's Wax-
work on the two lamps over the entrance.

In one c

ALLSOPIB

SPECIAL MEETING OF THE CHAMBER OF
COMMERCE MDAY.

A special meeting of the members of the Chamber of
Commerce was held at twelve o'clock, yesterd,ay, tor the
purpose of considering whether the Chambeishould send
a representative to attend the Free Trade 'Congress at
Brussels. The chair was taken by the president, Chas.
Holland, Esq. Among the other gentlemen present,
were—Messrs. William Brown, M.P., Edward Heath,
J. T. Danson, R. A. Macfie' Richard Sheil, J. R Jeffery,
Christopher Bushell, F. A.Cli-At, C. Rawlins, C. Robert-
son, Robertson Gladstone, A. C. Ste Wart, and Tomlin-

son.
Mr. A. Alexander, assistant7sectetary, who deed as
secretary in the absence of Mr. Trouson, read the requisi-
tion, in accordance with which the meeting was called,
and which was very numerously and influentially
signed.
The Chairman said : Gentlemen, before inviting any
remarks from the members present, I should wish for a
moment to revert to the proceedings which have taken
place in regard to the appqintment of a deputy to the In-
ternational. Congress at Brussels. The council, after
receiving the invitation through the medium of Mr.
Neill, of London, who, I believe, is secretary to the
London Committee of Congress, resolved, it appears, to
submit the matter to the decision of the chamber.
There was some little differences of opinion
how fa
the chamber were
come within their scope, r

. -
the original objects contemplated by
uch that this project could
I mine especially how

time was, when the Stibject of free trade was a disputed
point—When the chamber was diiided —*lieu one class
advocated their cause with all the energy they could,
while the other opposed it with equal energy. 'lilt that
free trade principle has been adopted by us in this coun-
try—it is a tie: that b.-achieved but . what was now

earne, privi

required was, that others should enj(
leges as we do, and that we should assist others in
establishing the principle which we are now earring out,
to the best of our ability- We are here all flee traders,
and in favour of unrestricted commerce. There was
another objection which had been urged to our sending
a deputation, which was, that this chamber was estab-
lished for the porpOse,of looking after our own affairs.
Now, I think, by sending a deptitatiOn, that We are ful,
filling our mission. What is it the cotigieS 'ants
They do not want a person to be sent there to make
speeehes— not to interfere with foreign .topics ; but a
person who has a full knowledge of the topic, and pro-
vided with a full body of statistics—to meet togethei,
and, as it were, to compare notes as to the advantages
which this country has derived from its extended corn-
itier6e, and the benegt that would be giVen to the com-
mercial community. For _my part, I think that nothing
but benefits could arise from the appointment of a depu-
tation. Well, this is a commercial community—it is the
greatest commercial port in the world, not, I think I
may say, excepting London—therefore, it should be
represented at the congress ; if it was not, it would be
like the play of "Hamlet" being performed, the character
of iramtet being left out. Therefore, I hope it will be
agreed at once to send a person to represent dila chamber,
With that vie* I beg to second the motion. _

iir.TianSOnace"epted the division of the subject
suggested by the gentleman who had bfought it before
the chamber, and would deal with it first as it atcted
the great principles of free trade ; and, secondly. as it
bore upon the functions and future prosperity of the
chamber. Let them take a broad and candid, view of

far certain questions, which some years agoe as we all
3 know, might have been fairly considered to come within
the scope of party politics, might be considered now to
be so completely settled as to have left it no longer a
' matter of discussion as to whether or not this chamlEr
could take part in any large questions of a world-like ,
character, if I may use the expression, affecting free the subject. v, -
trade: The paragraph which the council consequently trade question at this moment in Europe? England
inserted in the report which they submitted to the cham- bad now given to the world *an example of ten years'
ber in August last, you will recollect ran thus—" Your duration of a commercial policy in which free trade
council have received an invitation to send a deputy to was the ruling principle ; an example, the progressive
the approaching free trade congress at Brussels. As force of which Was already Widely eXemplitlede Unroll
the objects of the congress may perhaps be considered as the map of Europe, and place your Miger If you can,
coming within the scope of political measures, and see- said Mr. Danson, on a port or mart in which, during
ing that the laws of the chamber do not admit of the this period, but more especially during the last two or
discussion of such matters, it has been considered advis- three years, some removal of prohibitions, some relax-t-
-able that the opinion of the chamber should be taken tion of restrictions, and some advance towards free trade
upon it before a reply be given." Now, as some ads- has not been made. Sound principles were now fairly
apprehensions certainly have existed out of doors, as to face to face with those hitherto acted upon by the pro-
what the council really did do upon that occasion, teetionists, in any country in Europe, and the whole
I wish that the chamber should quite understand wlsat force of circumstances was bearing more or less directly
the council really did, told what they did not do. They in the same direction. BusSia, taught by a two years!
decided to submit the question, as an entirely open pies. interruption of her commerce, had learned its ialueiatid
tion, to the decision of the chamber. I do not say that the value of its freedom, even when a military power.
the phraseology used was the most happy in the Denmark had been taught, if somewhat rudely taught,
world. I think it would have been well if, instead and only by the American protest, that her ancient
of the doubt whether they did or did not right of toll will not long be permitted to bar the
come within the scope of political questions—it entrance to the Baltic. Sweden and Norway, long
had been worded somewhat as was really the linked under one crown, but divided by hostile tariffs,
intention of the council—that it was a question which were now busy in organising a closer and more real
Might have been considered as coming, at some period union, through internal freedom of commerce. Belgium,
since the formation of the chamber, within the scope of after long experience of the advantage of free trade in
party politics. But they left it entireiy for the chamber, corn, in a comparative freedom, for the last forty years,
as an open question, to sly whether or not it was 'an from the evils of scarcity, was also busy in reforming
object which came fairly within the scope of what the her tariff. The German Customs' Union, the very
chamber now could do. lam sorry to say, that at the institution of which was a practical recognition of the
general meting the decision of the chamber was not value of an unfettered trade among the German States,
declared. When the report was submitted, I particu- had scarcely seen a year elapse without some change
larly took the opportunity, in the short address I then of its internal organisation, or some extension
gave preliminary to the resolution being adopted, to call of its limits and its influence. Go even further south,
the particular attention of members to the question, and and you must remember that it is not twelve months
urged upon them to come to a decision. It unfortunately, since a most liberal treaty of commerce was negotiated
however, happened that other questions intervened—that: between Turkey and Greece; and even backward Spain
the discussion lasted rather longer than suited the busi- was reforming her tariff, lowering her prohihi ory
ness occupations of many of the members ; and, lam duties and advancing, though very slowly and partially,
sorry to say, that the gentlemen who, in this community, towards free trade. The intentions in that case (merely
as it appears from susequent proceedings, took a very to transfer a portion of the gains of the smugglers who
lively interest in the question, were not present. Con- swarm on the Spanish frontiers to the Spanish treasury)
sequently, it happened that when we came to revert to might not be a high one ; but the movement itself was
the question, we really had no meeting. The great body worthy of attention. France, though last not least, had
of the members had already gone, and there were only in this matter a difficult game to play—a long and rough
a few upon the side of the chamber. Therefore, the road to get over in the approachto anything like freedom
meeting did really not come to any decision at all upon of commerce. Louis Philippe left her with the worst
the question, and when the council again met, they tariff that had ever disgraced the commercial world.
consequently were left in the same position as they The present ruler was, as Mr. Brown had said, a free
originally had been. Were they, or were they not to trader at least. He knew that, on the material pros-
take action upon the question ? I would say, that theirs peril), of France, under his rule, depended the stability
was a very unfortunate position to be left in; and, in the of his throne, and the only possible prospect of an
meantime. from some misapprehension, a report got out enduring dynasty ; and he had learned from the counsel
of doors, and led to a correspondence which appeared in of one of the most eminent of the political economis's of
the papers, in which lam sorry to see that a miscon- Europe, M. Michel Chevalier, how vitally important to
struction certainly was put upon the intentions of the this prosperity, was a gradual destruclion of the shackles
council, and upon the steps which they have taken. imposed on French commerce by his predecessors. He
Had the meeting of thechamber then expressed a decided found the tariff distinguished, as the French themselves
opinion upon the question, I cannot but think, myself, described it, by les dents de le e3up, et lee yeur d'ceurisse
that action would immediately have resulted from it. I the extremes or

do not wish in the least now to bias any member of the
chatnber'as to his view, whether or not there could be
any•possible objection to sending a deputation on this
occasion, but I should first invite members to give their
candid opinions, and I am sure that the gentlemen who,
out of doors, under a misconception, attriV the

buted to

entertained, and to which they never came, will he
quite willing at once to admit that this council could
hardly do otherwise than they did ; and the council
now; I again repeat, leav• s it an open question, entirely
for the chamber to decide. And as the council have
been latterly reminded that they have, on some occa-
sions, assumed rather too much the character of a
deliberative assembly, whereas their functions are more
of an executive kind, I shall only say, that I am sure
the council 'will be quite prepared to carryout any

hat was the actual

:ondition of the free

measures which have the stamp of the authority of the
chamber. (Hear, hear) The Chairman then concluded,
by calling upon any, member present to express any
opinion he might have formed upon the question now
before the meeting. .
' Mr. W. Brown, M: P., on rising to move that a depu•
tion be sent to the congress, said : I think no one will
doubt for a mornen• but'that I am a free trader in every
sense of the word. About two nymths ago, Mr. Vander
Macren, as I may here mention, called on me in London
--told me the objects of the congress, and hoped that
deputies would be sent from the various commercial and
other bodies in this country, to attend it, in order to
strengthen their hands in getting. a more liberal tariff
and reduction of the Customs' duties. lie stated to me
that the Minister of Commerce was with them, but that
he found it necessary that a strong demonstration should
be made. to break down the feeling of monopoly that
existed in Belgium. It was with that view that he was
desirous of having the attendance of members from this
body, but as it had been suggested out of doors that some
of their members might go a length that would defeat the
end they aimed at, and that by suggesting the knocking
down of all custom houses, and having only direct
taxation, Belgium and France would take alarm. I
must here say that I am afraid that the promulgation of
any such doctrine as that would defeat our objects
altogether. My friend on my right, the president; made
a very proper observation when we were discussing this
subject in committee. He stated that if we wanted to
get to the top of St. Paul's, we could not get there at one
bound, but that we should ascend step by step, and so
arrive at the summit in time, but that if we attempted to
accomplish the ascent at once, we should meet with
certain defeat, and certain destruction. It is right that
we should first consult the feelings of the people of
Belgium, and win them over to the principle of free
trade, in showing them the advantages which would
inevitably follow in its train, and having thus got the
thin end of the wedge in first, accomplish our great and
important end by and bye. I may remind you that the
Emperor of the French is himself a free trader. (Hear,
hear.) We know that lie is so on the most unquestion-
able authority; but we also know that he is obliged to
move step lby step. We saw that lately an act which
was brought forward in the General Assembly for the
admission of English cotton goods was rejected, though
introduced by himself. There is a strong monopoly;
interest in these countries, and we must not, by any
injudicious step, alarm them or their government. Let
us be advised by our Belgian friends as to what we can
safely do, and let us not attempt to exceed it. In Bel-
gium, I believe, they have already succeeded in getting
the iron tariff reduced; and though Mr. Vander Macren
is very sanguine of obtaining more, if supported by the
deputies of other nations, yet to attempt anything
further than to show the advantages of free trade, and to
point out the increase in our exports and imports, since
we adopted it, would be injurious to our prospects, and
would be sure to do more harm than good. My impres-
sion is, that we should send a gentleman of moderate
views to see what the feelings of the parties are, but
that he should not go beyond what is prudent and
safe. With these views, I move that a deputation of
gentlemen, who will use a sound discretion in taking
such measures as the occasion may require, be sent to the
international congress at Brussels on the part of this
chamber. (Hear, hear.) . _ _

greediness and blindness: The eyes of
the crawfish had confessedly been got rid of ; the teeth
of the wolf remained. What had been done was a

molehill ; what remained to be done was a monntain.
But the best advice could not alter notions. or change
le motives of the Emperor led him

Mr. A. C. Steward said : Being the writer of two letters
named by you, and addressed to yourself, and also as one
of the persons who signed the requisition for the calling
of this meeting, I wish to say a few words, and they shall
be very few, in explanation of the views I hold on the
subject, It was my intention to have proposed that a
deputation should be sent to the congress, but Mr. Brown
has done it, and I have great pleasure in seconding it.
Gentlemen, I can assure you that that letter was written
in good faith, merely for the purpose of expressing my
views with regard to the principles of free trade. On
that point we are all agreed ; and I do assure you, that
if I had thought that there would have been any discus-
sion that would in the least degree have been" the cause
of weakening the energies, followed by a division, I
would not have had anything ,to do with the subject.
My own opinion is decided in favour of sending a depu-
tation ; but although I entertain that opinion S 6 strongly
and so firmly, I do not wish it to influence the chamber.
There is another reason why I hold these views. First,
I do not believe, and I cannot see, that this is a party
question—especially a political party question. It is
exclusively a mercantile subject—a subject upon which
all are agreed, as far as the principal is concerned. The

circumstan

to,gradual and peaceable measures—nay, permitted the

others; and the circumstances he had to Contend with,
necessitated slow aciion. But, he had done what he
could. France was advancing as rapidly towards
our own position, as was consistent with the main-
tenance of her internal tranquility ; and, if any one
circumstance snore than another, must now be deemed
desirable by practical free traders, it surely was that
France should endorse, by her example, the policy
adopted by England. But how was this end likely to
be promoted by the international congress at Brussels ?

1110 tocauty was not, a fortunate one. it was true, tney
had no great choice, and it seemed to be the fate of
Belgium eternally to furnish battle-fields for surrounding
nations. But it was not a fortunate locality. The
political atmosphere of Brussels was, at this moment,
charged with all the explosive liberalism of the con-
tinent. The congress proposed to diseuss " the existing
artificial obstacles to freedom of commerce in Europe,
and the means of removing them." In this country,
blessed with innumerable safety-valves for the expression
of political opinion, it was easy to keep Treedom of trade
apart, in discussion, from freedom of other kinds,
Hardly so at Brussels, under the shadow of surrounding
despotisms, and with an opening such as this must
present to men sincere enough, and perhaps right
enough, but not over careful to measure the expediency
of every word they might utter, or every act they might
urge, in view of a liberty, wider, and, in their eyes, far
more precious than mere freedom of trade. Indeed,
" congress" was hardly a right name for this gathering.
Discussion there could be little or none. All would
agree on the main principle. And for the means of
bringing it into practice, each man might reasonably
urge measures as various as the localities to be acted in,
and the obstructions to be overcome. They would be
preachers, and the proposed delegates would be mission-
aries. Their preaching might be only of the pure free
trade doctrine. It might give no umbrage to the con-
tinental rulers, to whom it must, to be effective, be
addressed. But it could hardly give aid to the cause of
commercial freedom. It could hardly promote the
practical adoption of free trade measures. It is not
lecturing that is wanted now. The people of the
continent have no lack of sound -political economists
among them. The rulers had probably benefitted more
than the masses of the people by such instruction.
The trading classes of the continent, as a body,
were still under the dominion of the grossest prejudices
against England and her mercantile policy ; and if any-
thing could remove these, it would be her example and
her consequent prosperity. The press alone could carry
the precepts of the Congress across the neighbouring
frontiers; and so surely as these went accompanied by
sentiments otherwise offensive to the surrounding dis-
tricts, so surely would free trade be marked by their
fears with the so called taint of liberal politics, and the
admission of free trade publications, and thg adoption
of free trade principles, be retarded or prevented. Then,
what good was likely to be attained ? Already, in the
annual declarations of the Council General of the
Herault, presided over by M. Michel Chevalier, the
known adviser of the Emperor, the continent saw
issued, under the shadow of the highest continental
power, the soundest manifestoes on free trade in a
thoroughly practical and practicable sense. The literary
periodicals of France were, as expositors of political
economy, superior to those cf this country. And with
an obvious probability of mischief from the action of
this congress, for the action of which, as taking part in
its deliberations, we should inevitably be more or less
responsible. There was, he contended, hardly
the possibility of any considerable benefit. As to the
second point—the propriety of the chamber taking any
such step, Mr. Danson, having read an extract from the
laws of the chamber, expressed a strong doubt whether
it fell within their unctions as there defined. But not
to rest upon this, he would urge the chamber, before
acting in this matter, to consider whether a line might
not be very properly drawn between sending deputies to
verywl:general doctrine. To conclude—greater
urge the adoption of any practical measure, whatever
bearing in the freedom of commerce, here or elsewhere,
an d sendingan
forth of a member of their body to
advocate
freedom of trade was being gradually, though necessarily
y
adopted throughout Europe. The political
circumstances of Europe were now not such as to favour
the use of means to promote this progress, such as were
-now suggested, but rather to warn us against adopting
1111,111 e - • -

.
means just now so liable to abuse. The great principle
itself was now well known, and no longer misrepresented;
and though opposing circumstances must long maintain
many exceptions to its operation, these exceptions must
surely disappear in the end, as that the sun would set
upon the land of t ngland that night.
Mr. Jeffery said, as he had been one of the persons
who had signed the requisition, he might be expected to
give the reasons he had for wishing that this meeting
should be convened. The chairman had properly
informed them, that the subject had been placed on the
paper at the general meeting, and that it was put on at
the shag-end of the business, and, therefore, was not
touched
upon before the meeting separated, because
there were so few persons present. They bad just heard

the able speech made by Mr. Danson, who was a gen•
tleman who had read and travelled a very great deal, and
who, no doubt, had a great deal of information on the
matter of foreign affairs, hut he thought that his argu-
ments rather tended to allow the necessity of sending a
delegate than otherwise. It was a most important sub-
ject, and one that should be approached with caution•
The first dtity they had to perform Was, to consider what
were the objects of the delegates; and the next, what
was the duty of the plintnber in reference thereto. He
then explained the objects of the congress, as stated in
the circular, and argued that it was the duty of England
if she really believed in the beneficial effects
from the principles of free trade, to send delegates
that congress, and that no persons were more fit to take
a part it!
.that object than the representatives of Cham-
bers of eettinietee.. He next proceeded to comment on
some of the remarks Wade by Mr. Danson, and con-
cluded by observing, that he Cunceited it was the duty
of England to make her views known on the subject, and

'etulting

that it was the duty of the chamber to send a deputy,
that the whole question might be fairly and legitimately
discussed. In the Whole community there was no doubt
but that the stibject Was one of great importance and
deep interest, and he hoped it I-Votild be thus discussed ;
and that whatever the result might be, he felt convinced
that the minority of the members of that chamber would
bow to the decision of the majority.
Mr. Heath strongly advocated the necessity of main-
taining, upon any question of party politics, the most
strictly neutral position upon the part of the chamber,
and not impairing its efficiency by having such divided
interests as in Manchester, which rendered the establish-
ment of two chambers necessary. At the same thue, de-
..

did-not. think

Glared that he

a deputy to the_ Ire(

of WI