The Express.
London, England, 1857-06-20 00:00:00

THE EXPRESS, SATURDAY EVENING, JUNE 20, 1857.

didates of the Minister of the Interior. There is as
much party spirit ander the Imperial system as
there was under the Monarchy of the Charter, or
ander the abort-lived Republic. The only difference
is that under the Constitutional Monarchy end the
Republic, parties were based upon broad principles
of government, whereas under the Empire they ars
band upon miserable personal rivalries at Court or
in the minor offices of the Administration. The
essential hollowness of the " paternal system" of
goverment is becoming daily more obvious to all
thinking Frenchmen. no " paternal Government"
undertook to keep food cheap in Paris, and has
made it unprecedentedly'dear. The " paternal Go-
verment" boasted that it could'work without the
alloy of party spirit, whereas its moving principle is
obviously that meanest of all party-spirits which is
known by the name of Court Faction.

IT is with some surprise we find a gentleman of
Mr. &Ames great experience objecting, not to the
extent and gross charge of our military establish-
ment, but to the inners of that on which the ell-
eiency and improvement of the Army mainly depend,
its Staff. Whether that Staff be competent to the
performance of its important duties is a question at
the highest importance, which Mr. ELLICE did not
raise in the remarks he made onThursday. Neither
did he examine whether some minor economies
might not be made in its charge. lie objected to
the general increase ; and there we have no halite-
tialt ix entirely dissenting from his views. They
MO* at the very root of military reformation, and
It is therefore the more necessary to protest against
amearrow and antiquated a policy as he advocates'.
According to Mr. ELLICE, we are adopting the
Military system of the great continental nations.
With all submission, we ere doing nothing of the
met. On the Continent, the enormous armies kept
up by the despotic powers are permanent forces,
Axed in numbers and extent by the Sovereigns and
their Governments, entirely at their disposition,
subject to no external control or superrision, capable
of being applied to any purposes they please, used
by them to repress their own subjects, and so ad-
ministered as to operate to the corruption of the
country generally. The very reverse is the case in
England. The number of men is axed yearly,
not by the Executive Government, but by the
popular branch of the Legislature ; the charge is
I examined, discussed, and voted in the most ample
ialil; the laws for the maintenance of discipline
OMB annually enacted; every act of the military
metherities is liable to Parliamentary redline ; so far
hem its being the fact that the control of the
seals et Commons over the army is decreasing, it is
patty on the increase; the military policy of the
sonntry is now mainly directed by that assembly ;
and the British army is becoming more and more a
Parliamentary force. In some instances we have been
oempelled to spur on the War Department ; but this
reedit we must give to Lord PANZURE, that no War
Minister has ever so fully subjected the military ad-
ministration to the consideration of the House of
Commons as he has done.
Ikucz's next objection is that we have massed
am beeps into divisions and brigades, and thereby
sumehred an augmentation of our barrack aecore-
melba and of the Staff urinary. Most
asionolly we have done so, and for the
very ample reason that hereafter we intend
to have not merely good regiments, but an effective
Iraq. Bat an effective English army does not
mon a Continental army ; it does not mean en
sggroggive force ; its objects are neither:egression at
home nor coercion abroad. On the earoxesy, freedom
and liberty are deeply interested in the eillairsey at
oar army. As we improve it, so we place some re-
straint ea the despotic Powers of the Continent ; as
IPS adeln it, we meats some counterpoise to their
eillandem sad peoparmdlem. Jest is proportions
convert our regiments Into a mall army capable
deem and ready expansion whew assumitiss arise,
"M• mapondas power of this =Wry is the eessails
des, owl an augmentation of that power is
!rateable to the extension of papaw libertine in
Mem sentries. It was the misery of our rusiminial
gribm. of oar instillation to milting, pap tai at
au= oar 111.11,,,that our hdhigassilaffmage
in that emllmesdellwarsiiiilmattaliswe
k So 'kinky dem pikes se PP women pa.
Patel, If mod weak to act on Sr egliins. The
'Elopement of ofeAray smodimeloSs weal
Sire asavictisme and ow pilky as Asap and
marrit, est that le Or Pin d metsenoibm &a-
pes we mean lkskei be memos a eneesmagag
*Wm is whit& awailniklmla osimmasals may
mom swalinmes, and p 1 Sian at wigs and
template liberty find dEninearnine and support.
The policy Mr. ELLICZ inclines in smacks too mach
of peace at any price to receive as support of a
nation which went so gallantly through the Russian

war.
Military efficiency depends on organisation ; and
an army can ally Os perfectly organised in divisions
and brigades, in estop, and by instruction in field
exercises. This is what the War Department is now
doing for our army. No doubt, as Mr. Etttea
nays, we had bans& seeemmodation for regiments
without resorting to Aldershott, Shorneliffe, and the
Darragh of Lldare ; but we had not accommoda-
tion far as Army and in this distinction lies the
whole question between Lord Prances and Mr.
Eurca. We could have kept our troops stagnating
and uninstructed in our old barracks, filthy and ill-
arranged as they were. We might have perfected
their regimental discipline there. But we could go
no further. Now, the nation was not content with
that. It insisted on military progress keeping pace
with all other proper; on the troops being massed
into brigades and divisions, on their receiving •
higher and better organisation than mere regimental
efficiency, on their learning something of war as
well as of drill, on their being instructed in the
great military art of co-operation and common
action. This is a reform of the highest character,
not only in itself, not merely as giving us an en.
tive army, but in its results and consequences
en every other department of the government, on
every condition of the people. So far, therefore,
from public opinion exaggerating at present, as Mr.
ELtict with a narrow wisdom suggests, the im-
portance of military reform, it appears to ns very
doubtful whether it has yet duly appreciated the
true value of that reform. Government hie got •
greater task in hand than it is aware of.
The first cost of such a change and elf rick a
reform mast necessarily be great; and it in Mom
we have felt this that we regard with saihimaisa
the support the Army Estimates have ressiend is
the House of Commons. That support is not an evi-
dence of representative extravagance, but of ere
deep desire there is to improve the Army ; and the
liberality with which the Estimates have been mild
increases the resproaibility of the War-office. WWI
has been so freely given men be wisely spent I mil
knit judicious expenditure now, the country wi st,
worn 'upset large economy hereafter. In the pond
estimates, for example, works and buildings us pit
down at 939,2831. Of that great sera thetas
half represents expenditure in 114111
the troops. Bat wham the great we On Wild
at Aidershott, Dover, Portsmouth, sad Maley (la
they mast bs is the course of a year or two), the

oonntry will have b. tall benefit of the capital
invested in them, eat surely in the shape of greater
efficiency in the Army, but it is reasonable to hope in
diminished cost of the troops and decreasing esti-
metes. Mr. Em.tos suggests an inquiry into the
amount of existing barrack accommodation. Such
IR inquiry would be very useful, though not for his
mom Its proper object would be to ascertain
wbather it might not be wise for the War-office
eilasr to sell that portion of the old barracks
nadared melees to the QUEEN's army by our new
=or to transfer them, where conveniently
to the counties for militia purposes, and so
1111 d Ike most objectionable practice of quarter-
ing Ss alpha on public-houses.
btu the efficiency of the Staff recently ap-
pointed, its %crease is one of the most substantial
steps taken in military reform ; and so fir from the
cost of our Staff being excessive, it *ppm to us,
although quite as strongly given to grassy es Mr.
Exams, to be on the whole moderate. We lam sa
army of some 126,000 men, exclusive of the Qusitt's
troops, in India. The military estimates for this you
are 11,247,1131., of which 2,231,873 i. are for non-elks-
tive services, leaving a proposed expenditure si
9,015,2381. on effective services. Of that 4111011111111111
sum, the Staff abroad and at home mob wow
The greater part of this is, however, spent abresd,
the Foreign Staff costing 134,9901., against 128,7391.,
the cost of the Home Staff. The For glut
M spread over our whole trammels, pae•
sessions, and by much the larger part at
its cost is referred to the Commissariat and Medical
services. It is only in Canada, the Cape, Malta, sad
Gibraltar, that we have Lieutenant-Generals; in all
our other foreign military stations we have oily
Major-Generals, whereby a very large macaw is
effected ; so large, indeed, that the cost of the gear
ral Foreign Staff—that is, of the purely eatery
portion, exclusive of the Commissariat and Medial
Foreign Staffs—is for this year only 40,1481.—n0 very
inordinate amount spread over the four quarters of
the globe. The reasons for keeping up a Foreign
Medical Staff, particularly in our tropical coursers,
are obvious enough ; and except abroad we have no
means, it must be recollected, of organising as else-
tive Commissariat Staff; for at home the Commissariat
service has scarcely any existence, its entire cost is
the realm being only 3,5001. a year.
We come, then, to the Home Staff. Its most is
128,7301., made up thus:—General Staff, 04,3871.1
Bs. Bd.; Commissariat Staff, 3,5311. 76. Bd. ; Medical
Staff, 55,0401.; clerks and contingencies, 5,9001.
Now, on this General Staff in the United Kingdom
there are only four Lieutenant-Generals : one in the
Northern District, another at Aldershott, a third in
Ireland, and a fourth at the Curragb. In all the
other districts, Major-Generals being in command,
the cat of the Staffs there averages only some
1,6001. a year. We have four military divisions, and
the cost of their Staffs is as follows:
Ayenbee 8,6811.
Bbisedlas 4,6011.
Dab 4.5751.
Cumber Ifffires 5,3651.
In all times ear divisions of instruction cost for
their Staffs MM. Now, it may be that the Staffs at
these camps and evisicms are not all in pointof compe-
tency what our army requires—that is not just now
the point in question. What we desire to impress on
the public is, that the imputation which Mr. ELLICZ
cuts on our new military system, of reckless extrava-
gance in respect of the Staff, has not the shadow of a
foundation.

Is it or is it not desirable that the tax-payers of
the United Kingdom should defray the cost of pro-
viding the landowners of Scotland with estate-plans
of their property on the extravagant and unmanage-
able scale of 25 inches to the mile? This was the
question which Sir Daxa&M NOIRITP brought
before the House of Commons on Thursday night

The House, greatly to its credit, answered the ques-
tion is theasgative, and thus succeeded, against all
dm hie me if the Government, in stopping one of
the mid emimellable outlays of the public mosey
wide semi a British Legislature has ever been
▪ eMetioe. The merits of the question lie in
Ile nnmeesest esnipme. As the public are probably
atm% Om skid plan was to survey the whole of
the United nest m on • make of six inches to the
mile, and to p rep be ipmeral purposes en a
male of one MA 111 41111 =MR Per all purposes of
general utility.* Vine Mb is amply sufficient.
The 6-inch male fie ee bliaberMs that, aa Sir I).
Noaneve stated to the any gentleman might
find on maps executed cat this scale " his own garden
walks marked out, and even his spring and the po-
sition of his pimp." For all purposes, whether of
science or land transfer, with a view either to registra-
tion of titles or geological investigations, the 6-inch
male has been repeatedly pronounced by the highest
authorities to be not only abundantly sufficient, but
superthweely minute. A great portion of England
and foar-fifthe of Ireland have been already surveyed
on this scale. The cost of the Irish survey alone
is estimated at 1,200,0001.
This ample scale, and this liberal, not to my extra-
vagant outlay, did not satisfy the landed proprietors
of Scotland. With national shrewdness they dis-

corned the possibility of converting a public enter-
prise into a means of private advantage. It would
be so very convenient for every owner of sheep
walks and deer forests, glens and mountains, to have
an estate-plan of his broad scree provided at the
cost of the national Exchequer. So they went in
for a scale of 26 inches to the mile, and in the
year 1851 pt a committee appointed of 13 members,
11 of whom were Scotchmen, who of course reported
in favour of the estate-plan scale. The work
has made considerable progress; many !toadied
thousands of the national revenue have already been
expended in surveying on this enormous scale, not
only the cultivated and cultivable portions of
Scotland, but the barren wastes of the Western Isles.
The northern moors and mountains were to follow in
due course, and a sum of 38,0001. was to be added
to the Estimates for the year, in order that the
rugged wilds of Ross-shire and Caithness might be
mapped out for the benefit of their proprietors an a
scale of an inch to an acre, when Sir D. NORSZYB
and the House of Commons very seasonably stepped in
and arrested the further progress of this indefensible
extravagance. It was high time. The Treasury au-
thorities without, as it appears, any express sanction
from Parliament had been for some time applying
the 23-inch scale on the southern aide of the
Tweed as well as the northern ' • and already
the coal-ownm of Durham have been fur-
nished at the public cost with a 26-inch map of
that most wealth-producing of all the English
counties. The BUCtetie of Sir 1). NORRETB'S motion
km, we rejoice to see, put an effectual stop to all
this folly and extravagance on both sides the border.
Lord Piimearron, directly he had ascertained by
tho unerring index of the division-list the real feel-
*of the House, explicitly pledged himself that
se farther survey should be made on the 23-inch
Male, either in Scotland or in England.
There are few things more inscrutable than the
dealings of the British Legislature with the
Maths of the British public. For war and the
=elof war hardly any expenditure is
onnumiee; kr the arts and embellislonmeb
et pus kali 111, w es • real rub

is deemed justifiable. A territorial outlay, such u
that for providing county gentlemen acmes the border
with estate-plane gratis, has indeed generally a
chance of being supported, and the majority of ten
that carried the motion of Sir I). NORREYS is rather
regarded as a proof of vigorous virtue in represen-
tatives yet untainted by the temptations of office
and the allurements of Ministerial soirees. But
when the question is to expend a few thousands on
the health, the splendour, and the magnificence of
the Metropolis of the Empire, the guardians of the
public purse are too apt to become the instruments
of local jealousies and provincial parsimony. The
health, the splendour, and the magnificence of the
Metropolis arc matters of national concern. We
aro a Nation, not an aggregate of provinces;
an Empire, not a federation of dominant
states and subject dependencies. Of this vast
body Loudon is the heart. Edinburgh, Dublin,
Calcutta and Sydney are capitals in their way, but
the national Capital is here. The state Palace of the
Sovereign, the Houses of the Legislature, the Courts
of Law, the only Art Building that calls itself
national, are here. Hither, for a portion more or
Isms extensive of every year, congregate the represen-
tative men and women of the Empire—the Chiefs of
Politico, the leaders of the Religioux and Philanthropic
public, and the Queens of Fashion. The Parliament
that makes our law, the high Tribunals that admi-
nister them in the last resort, are all localised in
London. For many months in the year all that is
most influential in the Empire has a direct interest
in the healtl•, splendour, and magnificence of London
as•a place of emaciate; for the whole year round the
whole Empire has an interest in the same objects,
not less real though possibly less direct that
interest, namely, which every member of a great
community has in upholding the dignity and the
honour of which some portion is reflected back
on himself.
London, it must never be forgotten, is our repre-
sentative city in the eyes of foreigners. A great
majority of our continental visitors know England
only through London. It is an obvious mistake to
suppose that a building or an institution is Metro-
politan in the sense of not being national, simply be-
it is locally comprised within the district of
Is the Palace of the Legis-

lature in this sense a Metropolitan building? Every-
body will at once answer—No. Is the National
Gallery in this sense a Metropolitan building ? The
answer, as the very name should indicate, ought to
be equally decisive, end yet where is the Govern-
ment that would not shrink, and the county mem-
ber who would not shudder, at the thought of laying
oat on our sole National Art Treasury a tenth part
of the sum which was once flung away annually on
the hideous jobbery of barracks. Take, again, the
question of the Parks. Of all portions of this
vast city, the Parks are confessedly the
mat beautiful. They are one of the meet
legitimate boasts of England ; they are na-
tional topics of self-gratulatiem. The Frenchman
cries, " I have my Bois de Boulogne, and my Champs
Elyekes ;" the Englishman replies, certain of having
the advantage here, "Ah, but we have our Parks and
our Kensington-gardens." The water which makes
the chief beauty of these beautiful pleasure grounds
has grown foul and loathsome for want of cleansing.
Government, greatly to its credit, has ventured to
appropriate a few thousands of the national treasure
to the purpose of restoring these artificial waters to
a state of cleanliness and salubrity. Instantly
' the outcry arises, "These waters are for the
Londoners only, let London pay for them ; you have
no right to devote to such a purpose the reeources of
the Empire." A more miserable, sordid, and irra-
tional cry has rarely been raised in Parliament.
The Park■ of London are national ornaments, their
support and salubrity should be an object of national
urn.

ROCHDALE ELECTION PETITION.

MEETING OF THE BELBC/
(THIS DAY).

This afternoon the Detect oommittes appointed to
Isreedgets the tenth of the ellegetlotte coskisted In
the petition of Kr. Newell, the perilimintery nett,
oaasyleisisi of melyreences as the pet el John
Lard end Peter Jehnsse, in the Barbdide election
Nomet kr the Stet dm* matestreercom,
No. 12. The members pretest were, Mr. Risley, Sir
Hairy Willoughby, Bert, Kr. J. O. Pitsgereld, Attorney.
Omura It, bard; Mr. Surjeant O'Brien, Mr B. Egerton,
Mr. Baebeels, Ye. Hanimes, end the Attorney-General for
Enke&
The leigittry spores to emits cionsidereble interest, end
the etturknoe at skewers was numerous. They were also
remsbers geresst, who owe not on the committee.
The tammdilee astemseed proceedings by ordain the
room to be alesewl.
After a Met tembetlas, Mr. Newell wee celled in,
end the dame wore embed la be locked.

▪
In a that thee alberwersie the following notke was potted
on the Tootalwel door, via..—" Chewed that Amager, be not
edwitted daring the birtatiggiaa et the conannitteo until
farther orders.'

•
It was eanoustrad that She cemmittee had cease to ► re-
sot►tion that the abject al the impdry would be beet pre-
moted by the faveldestioa Weer cenied on solely ia the ve-
nue date members satelaated to the Committee.

Mr. Knowles is, it is said, about to resign the
°See of Attonsey-General to the County Palatine of Lancas-
ter, in consequenes of his infection to retire from the
Northern Circuit.

The Duke and Duchess de 'Smarmier, with the
Pslaessms, will shortly pay a vidt to the es•Qmaa of the
!ma at Clsranost. Their Royal Wahiawa have Wt in
a Spa& war 'teaser, and its hourly expected at Ply-
modh.
ft Merles Wood, First Lord of the Admiralty,
liked the Great Ratan Ream-ship, banns at 1141 wall,
Wabmity.
A cedintare aow smiting Una lIIIIIMMent at
Roma, miesemblie Tend, to a gall ~kg Well
with a Imp apt k 1W nett, labeled *The Reverse,"
sad aremmteg the Yam query of • pampir is to what
his Rolla= may be sheet, with the Om& mad pithy
phrase, 111 Is flaw," which may be pamplartmol into
"Doingray bed to looks it out."
DIATII Or THE Rev. G. C. Gotaam.—We hear
Iheleert that this stout-Memel naka of
Mama is adhered to Mr rest.cha An basil mo
m,
loag she sad 'only Wed, but 'Whet, tree, and faith-
ful wire end.— Water's Time'.
IMANsfox-ounce.—Yesterday the Lord Mayor
entertained at dinner a dialingeished party t Is, barb
of Sir Jimmie* Jeaebhoy, who hes mem* had the
honour of Mein a baroaetcy conferred upon hen fa meide-
tics of his rateable and philanthropic exertions la UFA.
Covers were laid for 40, end among tame peered were
Mr. R. D. Mangles,
_M.P., Chairman of the Rant fails
Company, Sir Fredarkk Cents, Bert., Deputy Chaim= el
the India Company, the Governor and Depettt
versa of Bank or Masked, Sir James
M.P., Kr. Abel Smith, Mr. M. A. Matheson, M.P.. R.
Wigram Crawford, Mr. George Moffatt, M.P., Sir Frederick
Arthur, Bart., Cal. Sykes, M.P„ Sir Cherie. Forbes, Bart.,
Col. the Hon. Gomm Upton, Lieut-General Sir Willoughby
Cotton, Bat lir.'Thmem liseasy. M.P., Admiral Sir
Stephen Laahlaittet. K-C•13.• Mr. 13.1Gre5•64 Y.P.„ Mr.
Alderman Salaams, Mr. Mamma vete; ear. T.
Williamson Ramsay, Mr. Wm. Howart4Mr. A. S. la Mar
Goeran, Dr. Was Cmaag, Mr. James Ilateoliesson,
H. Cicadas Captain Meetwick, Mr. Ledo& Reid,
Mr. W. J. Hamilton, Mr. James Walker Mr. Richard
Willis, Mr. Thema Lynch, Mr. Deputy Deka, Dr. Peet, Mr.
Thomas Howell, Mr. We.. Speed, Ur. Jaime Andarton,
Mr. J. Sams, Mr. J. Grant.
The Kentucky, who wee Los= few
hours in 4ln Friday laid, Weeded Nl`
ift.2ldive..•••• • Ilmegarary dame wee
seatirmai saw dim Iffiraqiumudi
soy a we
ds le Ihe
Whig ha wag wadaled tie pereftWtrienss
=indi mks that sadism Thallitse was Om terle the miler, =I gam the lbanalkika. Ups
Waft im dila Met be hed been aentit phased with the
mpyerldrrmdhiSpenemt at the ewske.—dopers.