The Express.
London, England, 1850-10-21 00:00:00

WALTHAM AGRICULTURAL SOCIETY.

On Friday evade dee swil show of stock and
the nada, at the rest seats amentka was hall at
Weithassea.the.Wdie, he the
Awls
Lasater.
At the Inns, tilesMeelaint 920•11.1
is the right mad left by Mr. W. N. New, Elton
manor, the Ben. G. linaloy, of Bruns; the Rev, Wd.
son, of Thorpe Arnold; Kr. H. C. /Embank of Wartaahr
haus ; Mr. J. C. Bersaby, of Aeforay (barrisier); Kr.
geezer Nereus, of Osadley ; and the Boy. I. Bradshaw, of
Ather the nal loyal and patriotic touts, Mr. Roams
pespired " The Health of the Lord•Lientonant of the
= sites Duke of latlaad)," Wadi wee received with
eatheihem.
The May qui* of GRAN/ST.la on knife( his
sells liner, adverted Is the nip grass bed OM
it hiedraty to take (the revalestign of is Mats) ender pet
smenbremmanes, is hilt dare te meet the times. He lied
has miens te Mad te to MEM of his tenantry, mad in
tides so he bed alma aes men he tease hie proprty,
ale Was well known snow them, his moos for
[instep bong • belief en the pert et ids gnus that la :k=
be more sat intory to them then it he had Mon two sea
teem • distant, wag would esssequeitly be unqualnted
witch the holier" habits, and wine of the tenantry.—
(C.)
The Marquis of GRANBY again roes, and said, the scat
tent that I stall ban the honour of proposing to you is
Sumas to the Wildman Agrionlesral Society. (Conn)
I have sheep thoughtnee she assesnese of ISCB that if we
mein leek Intern esindlition of the nrisaltural tautest' we
mast sender the !violins peaky of late years. I massive
that it Is Impossible lee as to talk of the farmer's interests
and prespess without elm Wag into sonsiderstioa the
pries begets he kin prednes. (Hear, hear.) I consider
that the two this. are se mentially amented that to talk
only Meat the predawn et teen and settle, leaving aside
the ionised EMI jpeolestly man aad absurd. (Chun.)
I en any that had the planers of maittleg you last
it is an to pont tossagretslatis yam upon 'envie' that
judos whisk yea thee denuded has the British pul(&
meat, sad epee the bristliest°, of your wenn& 1 wt'
leetand seat year by Mr. Cobden es to mime I said in this
bail, aedl may be leaned sins this year as to what I may
my ; but I ears not, I shall say what I think. (Ap-
pian.) And I tell Mr. Cobden that I think it is more
keener, that it is more apse, that It is man straightiorward
be speak the truth if meads, sad to leek our imagers
Addy fa the fam, than at mama by aseanant
ma subterfuge to hide the drag., that presses on
the egralaral aura. (Chesge.) Every endeavour
has been made to queries oar metier, sad even endeavour
h. ben made to vilify our lateness, sad to misrepresent
our views. They had die etaisaity the oar day men to say
that Lord Bushy wee a deserter hom the cause of prow-
! nos. Lankily that they mid se. I hove Lord Stanley's
sewer is • inn to that charge, from which I will reed two
of the most impsetent passages. Lord Stanley, referring to
his spent at Ben, says—" I own, however, that whatever
°bands= slight be mode on what I said at Bury, the
last isillanne which I should have expand to have seen
leans wee that I had changed my opinions on the subject
of peeteetion." Surely this as se nurse to the gentleman
ltred=ed him with inconsistency, and with baying, in an
, viten ucii that which he had an the
maellmese M avow openly. Clone.) In another
of the sans letter Lord mu y says—" It therefore,
lee es the Can-lawn ere conerned, as entirely exceptional
ense—ead I took care so to treat it—repeating emphatically
nyesaviedoo that is the purely agricultural dirricts, sad
men of all Is those where the highest farming prevailed,
the nest changes had lateted, and must inflict, most se-
isjury MI landlord, hmeat, acd labourer." The
=hr bees eked with great po at sepeeity, ." What has
al the Penni/mists ?" I should like to ask =
Ass enellisn—"Wnat has became of free trade sad the
free treat Y. (Cheers.) I should like to see the men—a
man who sells himself a statesman, and has a palate to
knowledge of say kind whatever—who will come to um and
ley, "I am • free-tender." Is Mr. Bright a free-trine?
It any men was supposed to be one he would be. Well, Mr.
Bright h a free-trader; but I want to know upon what
tst.of fen trade be asked for a ocannikeion to inquire
e hest mesas of promoting the cultivation ei
seta is India. (Hear.) Do you all that fres bride?
Wall, bet there n the Chancellor of the Embosser.
Sir Charles Wood—le he • free-trader I I sisselir
like to hear him review his free-trade doe.
lens. I mini( conceive that free-trade means a
total abolition of restrictions upm all trade whalers,. Them,
Sir Charles Wood la a Free-trader, hellwi repeal the
Imalt tax to-SIiWTOW Gaon), and he will also repeal all the
taxes that press upon the agricultural Interest, and all the
taius that press upon the domestic industry of the country.
(Applause.) If he does not, he is no free-trader. If they
men, however, thai their free trade applies only to foreigners,
let them my es, and it would be understood; but they
are not free-traders melees they repeal all restrictions what-
ever. " Oh ! but," says the Channlier of the Exchequer,
"I must have • revenue; the interest upon the national
debt must be paid ; the dignity of the crown most be main-
mind ; our institutions mast be supported; the army and
navy must be kept up; I mast impose tams to obtain the
nesemary revenue; for the honour dignity, and very ex-
humes of the country depend noire Who doubts it?
Not the protectionists ; they quits agree in sand that it is
y r mummify ; but what has became of your free trade? get.) The fart is this, you cannot impose taxes upon
this newsy and at the name time carry out your doctrine
, et bee trade. (Applause.) I can sot who contradicts me.
' I tell them they mane[ do it, and that if these
en their principles they will sink under them. "Oh !
bet," they say, "what we want is cheep food; we want
snap bread." Now is that so? Are they consistent in
what they nay? Quite the contrary ; what they want in
clasp fonida bread, not English bread. (Loud cheers.)
If they want cheap breed—if cheap food is their sole desire,
allow sae to salt why it was that they nfased to support the
motion of Mr. Disraeli last year, when h. proposed a reduc-
tion of the teem that press upon the uncultural interne,
and which therefore had to raise the price of Engliih.grown
nen If that was their sole desire, why did they sot sup-
port libmotion ? (Cheers.) Does not the land-tax, do not
the poor-rates, do not the highway-rates, do not the county.
rates, all press upon the agricultaral interest and do they
not pretest the agrieultents in England from growing food
at the reknit at whit they would be enabled to node* it
if Una ran wen taken off? (Applause.) Now, I main-
sna it. sad I am eminaced I am right, that their desire is
ass in have amp bread and cheep food, but that they
wit to extend the foreign trade of this country, sad that
sale. (Hear. bear.) Why, if it is cheap food that they
dale, are two mime ether taxes they should take o
the, Men ate tee upon tea ? For whet vas be
mew OS the humbler chasm of this enatly Ikea
deg vtbdseam. beams ? Why do they retain r. is Tapes
ma t For what sea be eir wholesome awl so
fa our working la r • glass of gmellmire3
(((Bosse.) I say, thusfan, that their object net Is get
amp teed, beta mend the foreign trade of this sentry.
And sin, allow me to ask, wheels Indifference between a
tiny Insiga ard and a cheap Emilia loaf ? L there any
ilfireswl ?r the difference is this—that if you have a
amp yet Is.! is plate of a cheap English loaf-4f you
Import can lanai of using English corn, the bakv
say obtain bend semewhat cheaper than he would other-
wise do, bat it is smatethalmssed either by a diminutives of
wages, or wham by Lag away with jouraspnee's wages
altogether. But, on the tau kaad, if by taking off the
Ines hem Englishegrewe sent you mien the price of Bas-
il* bend, the labortrer rearm the whole of his wens, sad
men ths the whole of his wagn—he gets his bread
now t and fasten of hang lees employent and
Mend wages by sempettriaa, he will get mere ant
plemmeat and higher wages. (Applause.) I uk, thou—
whet has berme of the tree-traders In this country ? (Hear,
beet) • great deal lad been said lately about the return
of the Poor-law Bat I may that I men fallacious Matt
mat Man that return bas .ern been offered to the Bridals
aids. It may not have been Laded; I hope sot; bat I
MN draw your athationtothe Milan of the steamiest, which
has Imes ably expoeM by the Nnsasi Protection Bonny,
of whisk Mr. Frederick Young is adman. La the ram
la bed sempind the total amentesemse of the per he the
yew lie with that of IE4B, ea they show that there has
beam a degrease Ia the total charges of the kiss, as
i=twith the latter year • but this retails hes beta
laries et oaten, tie banding of wintheasees
and that kind of Oleg; but the attest relief gin be
the poor is the year 1849 has been rinse than ia the
year 1848. What meidemee, then, sea be pissed
is the ream of the Poor-law Board ? I with
to count nothing, aad therefore I state alts that it Is • feet
that the mamba. of pmpen In the workhouse Ia 1849 was
lees than In 1849, aaeordiag to them reruns • but thou be It
remembered than they take two days in nag year—Jenny
the Ist and July the In in 18491 n ampere them with
January the let sad July the let, 1848, sad according to the
antra of peseta in the within, on those two days [leg
Minato the mamba foe the whole year. Now, U they hid
lakes die an week la February and the Ptah week la
Ikea la sulk of those two ears they wadi hays had
the swab's% enmity in the win I Asia to this M
show you hew little depeadon can be placed as a report
whir& bins I e 600011111 W upon two days IA the "W. Bet h
wend has ban more fair bad the eapeMiture se LSO beta
emagneed with the years lilt sr 11146, Stalidar=mfr,
Masa d with the saiversalikesimettleiged
1114/1 (Hear, bear.) Baas dialed is theta that =
had recently been a serablembis imam it the somber of
" Wens, thins, and idle mgassas wisaimede," sad
that property of all kinds in the real dinfint—esore asp..
tinily that of the labourior posr—as hammy the noble
loooarddeoimntietturbtaboul mustitngeadymosl doakhas
imatheniencusiimatethineryolt
tree-trade meamns ; and I man take this 0
rbellizateprailessanabief
empinthat Intottairtlr=assaidithdrai4e
eireemrpsess se
Niloolll will net only teß am the[ they bete lime dab%
bet pry wfil &dee balk is Irvin mw
*lnlay
mane the ma
empes, Id the sag tea et *a be what Obey
may
esharygamfgiutaszysdmilessasobleisi".to thenr
agp7siduLailebase miesibielallild..mateyeeetangrareuarefiii:lPirkyiehirrut:o74l;nlollollB4%._sabildig7butifttait
I lag jia
* ria wal
mead an S. al that yom
leta
171411.23411.4448"11111184""bwefb4 se IllffeNth:Orimmmmet btillaelefti
geopalakletlM lb*pla via 118
=i mime omen is to slab et es sisallsiS
Vs see Ida MN Ills smellistims ea Ile
Aft a pan allariftral
li awn Mei *err israweipa ledsogib
is Weems ear =pub. MS ►
ad ye -hoee

leagued our exports this year some 4,000,0004 Wtat
can we wish fort What else can we desire ? Let me for
one moment look at this question, and see what truth aexaggeration there is La this statement of the exports of oar
hone trade. lem about to quota from a work I saw the
other day-4 very able week, I thiak, from wkielt 1 van.
tuned to nuke this extract, skowieg she froportatee of our
home trade compered with oar fudge trade, for which
everything is to be saufficed. This caletilvion, however, fit
not Mihaly true for the pretest ear, because the kedge
trade of this year is estimated at 00,0000004:—. The
rem value ofour foreign uade dose not equal the revenue;
while, taking the profit of 62,000,0001. at 10 per cent., it
only equals 45,000,0001. profit on the whole of our foreign
trade, -w which everythieg is to be merifieed "—nct equal
ouetenth part of our asumal menu., sad it is " net equal
to one sixth of the interest of the national debt, not equal
to one ninth of the rental of tik lead, and me-fortieth part
of the profit of the home trade." (Cheer..)
oa And for this
fifty-two millions—thin is the country's
celeulationsp,zezt==teariked. (Hear, hoar.)
With a de apinitaire, and with but a
alight income in the goliey el ear meaufacturee, I do
mak whether a temente& sake is likely to *adore thin
data of thiap mush longer? (Hear hear.) For the
eight months up to the 6th of Cicadae; in this year the
p of the raw materiel of cotton, nearly all of
which comes from America, increased 45 per cent., and
amounted to 6,443,4301.; the Increased pries of yarn
exported (8 per mat.) had been 388,766; and of goods im-
ported (autos manufactures made up), the increase at 6 par
ant. was 698,4661; the increased value of exported ankles,
1,087,4314 ; making a difference between the Wound prow
of the raw material in sot en, and the Increased price of ex-
ported cotton article., no less than 8,287,9724 But there Is
something of still greater importance than that, Up to the
11th of October the decreased consumption of cotton hag
been no lees than 171,400 balm • which is 13 per Gent. upon
the whole egassuaption of cotton in 1849, as compared with
1848. Taking the year 1860, a compared wish 1849, the
quantity of coitus peodueed is equal to 6,925,8004 ; and it
you add keraued export. for the eight month, of this year
there are only 448.E1961., which leaves a diminution in the
home consumption of no lees than 8,378,7011. (Elea, hear.)
Now, then, what is the interest for which all these muffle*
have been made ? When you some to inquire into the ad-
vantages they have derived, you find that they have lost 'up-
wards of 6,000,0004 They now make every excuse they
can unmet for the failure of their policy. The Pious says
the famine must suffer hardships, because it I, the lot of
humanity that they should do so. I answer,—but It
is not in eenaquenu of the laws of nature, but
on amount of the laws of man, that we are now
suffering. (Applause.) In .sewer to the assertion that the
imports which save taken plies were no doubt large, but that
they did not pay the foreign producers to bring them over, and
that they would, consequently, decrease the noble marquis
catered into a calculation showing that god American flour
mid be grown for 38s. 9d. a quarter, that it could be
brought over for 6e., all charges included, which would in-
crease the price to 431. 93. per quarter, from which 9s. Bd.
should be &dusted for bun ann other things, so that they
could afford to seU it in the English market for 345. 911.
Whether the imports were likely to go on or not, he would
leave them to decide. Bat (resumed the noble lord) Mr.
Hume is a great deal more honest and straightforward than
The Tessa. He comes out at once. There is no excuse, no
sab'erfnge. At a meeting the other day in Loudon, speak-
ing as to economy, he said, " He hoped great things for the
future—the landed proprietors were about to undergo the
operation of the urea." (Laughter.) "The effects of Sir R.
Peel's measure' " said Mr. Hume, " had not yet been fully
sees or felt." And Mr. Bright congratulates himself teat
they are to be pauperised. What a monstrous idea is this,—
that we should actually congratulate ourselves because the
country is pauperised, is order that we may *enemies!
What is the meaning of this crying out from one side of En
laud to the other for diminishing the expenditure ? Whittle
it but that the people are now feeling the pressure of taxa-
tion much heavier than they have ever done before ? (Hear,
hear.) Dakota, to a late work, said that in 1816 the taus
of the country were at the rate of 51. 4s. 10d. for each man,
but that now it ie 21. 14s 110., about one half. If that be
the cue—if taxes are only on•half of what they wen
thee, how is it that there is this outcry for a ratted=
of taxation ? (Cheers.) The system which is now being
carried on is raining the country and destroying her vi-
; kitty together with her beet interests. (Applause.) I per-
; clay* that at all the agricultural meetings where this tone
' prevails, and where would-he tree-traders may be found,
' they say that they rely on the courage of the Saxon ; that
true it is you ars in great difficulties, and prices are low, and
you ars greatly depressed, but they say they rely upon
you courage. I believe that words of greater truth were
I never uttered than were thou by Lord Stanley, when he
said that, if this system continued, " the injury would
be felt by the landlord, the tenant-fanner and the
labourer. lf lightning were to strike the towering branches
of ea oak, it would shine the tree from top to bottom.
(Cheers.) I believe that no distinction of interests can be
drum ; and I would therefore entreat ell who are inter-
' gated in agriculture to unite for a common object. I would
entreat them to assist one another. I would entreat them to
bear and forbear. I would entreat them to give mutual
assistance, to give mutual counsel, and mutual support ; tor,
if you de not, I believe the agricultural interests of this
country will suffer. The blow will fall heavier upon those
lands which are poor, and which, in ail probability, will
11, hardly be able to be cultivated at all. At the same time, I
hope that all will endeavour to cultivate their had, because,
in the words of Lord Sauley, " if good farming will not
I answer, depend upon it bed farming will not either." (Hear,
• bur.) I would call upon aU sea at this juncture to avow
their principles, so that when a genera election shall take
plug the people of ilegland shall know who are the men
they are going to elect, and what are their principles, so that
' they may know whether to elect them, or whether to die •
miss them u unworthy of confidence, (Hear, hear.)
. . .

Rim rrh to meet, but sorer death to wait,
Till her they bust le to undoubted hue.
(Vahoment applause, in the midst of which the noble mar-
quis mussed his seat). Other touts followed, and the
pruudiags terminatsd shortly after eight o'clock, having
oecupisd font house and a hall