The Express.
London, England, 1850-03-28 00:00:00

THE EXPRESS, THURSDAY EVENING.

ibe eabl erdeise r -abelibe ee elella-ewe semi so be sub
Ilea. se bed' week male seamet meow. art tin value et
sae sr awe et week eedieer logethee obeli mamma lb taw
Nets 1004. . . _ mow _ _ SO 6 0
And Uth• nun mini IOW.. Oen hi sissy Hai
me do to oar kosOload gobs 100 i. . . . 6
.ded oho open Mr of ing Ansa, horoitto.
smite. or hirdloldo seiteete env SIM er mot of es.wy or
amok &balm Awed Amer velem oseg pomp, mow too
given is aldripo -, mini havoligamoro, or IkoriMbio
=II owr au. or son' of men" sr steel
_ter
Perilleise Pr Address • r odorous*. Oh midi Qd
or esteem they alai be Merged in rerun e'sateA owl
anon

dose ail she* or isseirwesest shseyeehle with eke acid ad
Sad Wail allay Okra' sash she eastern resy estrinssest of
Week or ethw. property. er emirs say other matter or
direr eeeedee the emeeiemene meg teemeep or stook Asti be
chargeable with awe AM*, range oaf
w. seporeds
deed or isthmian.. wiftessiwegy soh ese howls or
ether prereety, ee ether ssehler sr hews hessi
cherPsile ig" "thing° ale Pverwalse aistP•
Progressive ditty 'goal se the asseuat Wad 'slams ditty.
set exceedieg .
And is all ether Nesse further • • d sir et. Cl 06 0
Witassirr or Arroassw ( without a Maws et
snore) to esalew sad eater up a jedgesent is goy of her
Majesty's eosins at Weetaiseter sr is Ireland, or in say of
theater% of thCassaties palatine of Leseaster gad Durham,
Sr is say other wart of more holilag 'oleos, where the
debt or damage mounts to it., which shall be given as a
security for the payment of say eau or teasel Motor, far for
the transfer of any share or shame la any of the goveramest
it parlioaffaally Mar Or foods, it in the stock sad fends
of the derfilirle sad Company et the Bank of Ragland, or of
the Doak el Irellsd, or of the Zest India Company, or of
the South Sea Censpasy, sr a say other company or COrPO.
ratios. [The seem duty ues a head ler the bite purpose.)
Save sad mope where wish payment or transfer shall
already Reared by a hoed, mortgage, or ether severity which
shall have paid the proper sd valorem duty is bonds or
mortgagee Inweseed by law at the date thereof; and also
emits where the 'arrest of ettoreg shall be given for
smuts( any sec or sees of mosey for which the person
evict( the ease shall them be is awed custody Rader an
anew es rise pewees, or is guests.; sad ia these s-
eVeam • hit, of . . . .CO 6 0
arreat of attars', cot otlserwies *barged in this sche-
dule . . . . • . Cl 16 0
2. That it is expedient to amend 'he laws relating to the
stomp duties.

" HOUSEHOLD WORDIL"—Tbe first number of the
weekly journal under this title. conducted by Mr. Charles
Diek-na, has just tapeared. It opens with the following
" Peasantry word. The name that we have chosen for this
pedantic/a Imprison, generally, the desire we have at heart
is origination it. We aspire to live in the household affec-
tions, and he be numbered mama the household thoughts, of
our readers. We home to be the neared' and friend of many
thossands of people, of both Mugs, and of all ages sad eendi-
tier s, on when fans we may nine leek. We so kto bring
Late insamerable hones, from the stirring world around us,
the know.edge of maay social wooden, goon and evil, that
are not calculated to render any of us less ardently p• never-
leg in sarielves. ieee tolerant of ono another, lees faithful in
the propos of mankind, lees thankful for the privilege of
living in this summer-dawn of time. No mere inilOarian
spirit, no inn binding of the miod to grim realities, will
airs a harsh tons to our Hou'ehold Words. In the
bosons of the young and old, of the walLtodo sod of
the poor, we would ten I,r.y cherish that light of rant
which is inherent in the human breast ; which, worth: g to
its nurture, burns with an inspire( flame, or rt. Ito into a
sidles glare, bat which (or woe betide that day!) en never
be extioguished. To show to all, that in all familiar things,
non in those which are repellant on the saran, there la
roman enough, it we will lad it oat : —to teach the hardest
workers at isle whirlieg wheel of toil, that their kt is net
neessearily a moody, brutal feet, excluded from the ernes.
thin and graces of imagina•ion ; to bring the gm iter asid
the lesser in degree, together, upon that wide field, and
mutually dispose them to a bettor acquaintance and • hi: der
undentandieg—ls one mail, objet of our Houw hold Words.
The mightier ioventions of this age are not, to our thinking,
all material, but have • kind of soak in their stuoendous
bodies which may find expression in Household Word.. The
travel's, whom we ace :nasty on his railroad or Lis steamboat
journey, may gain, we hope, some sour 'natio& for acids nu
which these later generations have stained, in new also
enlace with the Power that bears him onward ; with the
habitations and the ways of life of crowds of hie fellow crea-
tures amosg whom he natio like the wind; even with the
towering chimes's be may see, spirting out fire and smoke
upon the raspiest. The ew n 'teats, Slaves ot the Lamp of
Knowledge, hay • their thousand and one tales, no lees the n
the Genii of the East • and these, in all their wild, grotesque,
and fanciful upsets, in all their sassy phases of ;pederast*,
in all their many moving lee one of comp.' too and contd. r-
&tin, we design to tell. Our Household Words will not be
echoes of the present time akin but of the past too.
Neither will they treat of the lopes, the enterprises,
triumphs, joys, and sorrows, of this country only, but, in a ome
degree, of there of every nation upon earth. For nothing can
bus soarer of real interim in one of them, without concern
log all the rest. We have coesidered what an ambition it is
to be admitted into many horn's with affecti,n and eoefi •
dean ; to be regarded a. a friend by children sad old people;
to be thought of is of ctioo and in happiness ; to roe', the
sick eons with airy shapes ' that give del•gbt and hurt not,'
and to be as echoed with the harmLre Machos and the
gentle tears of many hearths. Ws know the great respond
hi ity of such a privilege : its vast reward ; the pictures that
it conjures up, In hours of solitary labour, of a multitude
moved by one sympathy; the solemn ho r s whisk it awakens
in the labourer's breast, that he may be fin from self re-
proach in looking back at last upon his week, sad that hie
name may be remembered in his nem In time to cone, and
borne by the dear objects of his love wito poi ie. The hand
that writes these (attain./ lines, happily associated
with some Household Words before today, has Known
enough of such ezparienoes to enter in as earnest spirit upon
this new task, and with an awakened sense of all that it in-
volves. Same tillers of the field iota which we new come, have
been before as, and some ere here whose Ligh unfelnen we
readily acknowledge, and whoa, company it is an boeour to
join. Ba,there at, others here— Bastards of the Mountain,
draggled 'nage on the Red Cap, Panders to the basest pas-
sions of the lowest natures—whose existence is a national
reproach. And these, we should consider it our high- st
service to displace."
ANTI-CIWRCH AND STATE MEETING AT BARNSLEY.
—O6 Monday 'Teeing one of the 'uteri Deering, aver held
in Bentley on this subject took place In the M•chaotest•hall,
which was well filled. Mr. John Wood preabled. The
meeting was addressed by Messrs. Cathcart, Laos, and
Kiogs'ey, when a petition was adopted, and sent for p o 111 n:
tattoo to Mr. Bright, M.P. If we may judge from the
number present, and the feeling manifested at this meeting,
the subject is gamic, grouted in Snaky.
TO-3101thOw BEING GOOD FRIDAY, it will b 3 ob-
, servile as • plow holiday at the B.ak of Ragland. the Stock
Exchange, Lloyd's, South Sea bore, Eat India:hone, and
the Menne data, the Custom-how, the Excise, a d as
the government departments, with the exception of the Poet.
office, which will opts as usual for the neeiviog of letters
and rewspapen, and also the receiving:houses throughout
the metropolis ; there will, however, be co delivery in town
after 12 o'clock. The chief mosey: order: edict', Alltragato
street ; the branch-ofßom—Lonthard-stre et, Beroue to, Strand,
Obering-e rose, and 0.4 Canudislostrest—u well es other
plasm will be closed both for paying and glutting orders;
also, all the courts of law gad police-offices.
HOPS, MALT, AND BiLL—A return relative to
hope, melt, and beer, has just been published, shoeing
that the total number of acres ander cultivation for tape
is Great Britain in the year 1849 was 42,798. The di:trims
foreishiog the largest quo•as to this amount ere Rochest• r
(14,6731), Sussex (10,0051), Canterbury (8,272), and Hire
Roar.* (6,2011). This total ant unt of hop duty indented
dun,. the rase year was 143,6931. 4.. 914 of which
79.7861. 12s. aid. was for the old duty of 1 12-20 d. per lb.,
61,9711. 19s. 914. for the sew ditty at 8 20e. per lb., eon
6,9311. 12s. 31e. for the nation! duty 01 6 per sent per
set 3 Viands, chap 17. The total (pantie, of British hops
'sported from Gnat Bekaa from 'nosey, 1810, to January.
1880 amounted to 274,8111 b., the lever quantity being
expesited to Sydney 103,3661 b Jersey end Guernsey
(34.1631 b.) Port Adool.ide (32 41thie ), Isle of Ma (27,3161 b),
Hobart Town (16,6081 b.), Port Pettit, (16,3911 h ),Launceston
(110,2081 b.), sad the Capin Good Hon (10,063:b) The total
qsaatity of foreign hops exported In the same porn' amounted
to 832 cwt. llb., of which 269 ewe 1110. wen to the British
settlemeate Is Australia, 66 cwt. to Belgium. and 36 eon. to
the Channel Idaads. During the year 1849, 4,386 cwt.
1 or. llb. of foreign hops were imported into Laudon,
7411 Int. llb. into Liverpool, 131 cwt. la. into Hu:l, and
4 wt. 3 qr. 181 b. into Glasgow. makes( a total of 6,271 cwt.
1 qr. 14th., of which 60 cwt. lib. were supplied by &Awl,
1.702 cwt. 41b. by Belgium, 7 eon 1 qr. 81b. by Csaada, and
3,611 own. 3 qr. 271 b. by the United States of Amain. The
1.481 weight of hops charged with duty in 1849 ameonted te
16,650,916 th. The total quantity of malt made Is the molted
kingdom 'newton Octob.r, 1848, and October, 1849, was
4.749,879 quarters. The total quantity used in the game
period wen 3,719,146 quarters. The total number of brewers in
the united kingdom in the same year was 2,607, the number
of victuallers 88,496, of whom 26,166 brewed their own beer.
The number of persons licensed to sell beer to be drink on
the premises was 34,800, of whom 12,201 brewed their own
beer ; and the number of persons liceoad to sell beer not to
be drank on the premises was 3,270, 972 of whom brewed
their own beer. The quantity of malt consumed by Innen
in the yen alluded to was 19,668,032 bushels; by nasalises,
7,067.168; by wanton of beer to be drunk on the preeness,
2,697,767; end by tetailas of beer not to be drunk on the
premises, 330,200. The number of barrels of beer sea ale
exported !rum October, 1848, to Octob• r, 1849, from tbe
Untied Kingdom, sad cm which drawback was pal,
p,
to 136,144.
Maw ILIOCLATIONS RESPECTING METROPOLITAN
Foam° CAnneness —The new act of p alienist reopen
leg atsuopolitaa public latrines, which will emus into
Louoptn• is a few days, was yesterday isned. By this at
the elks of Hvistrar of Metropolitan Pablo Carriage. is
abolithed, and a saying of 1,4001. a year will be effected.
The Commissioners of Police are to discharge the duties
hitherto p rformed by the registrar without any additional
relay. There is power given to pay wired &bowknots to
officers whose situations may be abolition "or superseded "
under the provisions of this act. The Co
of
Poles may appoint standingt for haukaey carriages and
make ruguations rnpeenieg the none, as also enforce
order at every standing. This act, whist. is to commeace
cud Wee drat from the 6:11 of April, is to be eonstrued
as
one with the 6 sad Vie., cop. 86, for regulating hacku.y and
sage cania7es, antra provision ot that at:t are s itooded
to the present law. Oste of the Commissionen of Polies
easy am' huge the duties transferred. The licensee respect-
ing metropolitan MAWS, driven, and conductors expire
I es flee 61h eE April.

MORNINGS AT TUB MILLS.—No. L

&fere I ask year readers to sake sae of the Man-
chester mills, it wW be r Wili to Melte him to walk
down with me to the Iteassage. There he will see
the men who owe these mills, sad primps the pre-
liminary introduction may he useful in ether respects.
It is now Teasley_ morning—half-peat twelve. We
ars at the Qaesn's Hotel, sod the grant manor "buel-
asse-Manchester," the part in width the actual bay-
ing and selling is done' Iles bellows as and the
&ohmage. The mills inwhieh the esanufsetures are
coaducted 1a farther away from the entre ot the
town, in what were, not many years spy the suburbs
—Animate, Chubs., Wiesen, &e,, let which are
now built is completely. Am we cosmoses our walk
towards the Exchange the eye is first arrested by the
Infirmary as the left, a wide pile of lmildiog, sad
with an ample space shoat it, sound with water and
garden, ow of the greet institutious of Manohester.
Behind it rises a magnificent range of warehouses,
the central we of which is oompied by the
present excellent msyar—Mr. John Potter. Nothiag
could well be finer as to effect, the purpose
of the pile considered. Lofty, specious, severe, and
regular in their exterior form, they are no bed indi-
cations of the character of their owners. Only a few
years ago the ground on which they mud was
covered with moderately good houses, in which the
higher clue of merchants lived in a style of great
abandon sad geniality: but the locality has not
changed its aspect more completely than the inhabi-
tants their after-dinner habits. Forty years ago this,
the centre of the town, was almost on the skirt : the
warehouses, mean and wretched affair'', were then
chiefly clustered abut the narrow alleys at the back
of Market-street and Smithy-door. Trade, like
fashion, is sporadic. Mee are alive who found
Ressell-equare rather a fashionable locality. The
ware has swept on westward. li.gent-creet, Gros-
venor-square, and Hyde-park fail to hold the charmer
within the bounds of May-fair. So it is here with
commerce. It has almoet quitted the neighbourhood
of the Exchange, and daily travels more and more to
the north and west

It is high 'Change at one o'clock. As we pan down
Market-street, between rows of gigantic buildings,
and through pushing, rushing, crushing crowds of
eager and anxious men, we ere something of the cha-
racter of the people. In London we are accustomed
to think we lave jostiO than st,y other set of folks in
the world; and in some respects we do. Our lite is
more varied more dramatic— its periods more
strongly contrasted, from grave to gay, from lively
to severe—hennas we live nearer to the focus of all
the powers, thoughts, and energies of England : bat
in that kind of excitement which wir
ers from intense
application to a single set of ideas no men perhaps
live more or faattr than the merchant princes of
Manchester.

See that stone, bugling man who is just pushing
into the Exchange be fore us. That is Mr. A., the
great shipper to South America. He employed five
thousand workmen, earning perhaps on the average
a pound a week each : the wars are raid every
fourteen days-10,0001. a fortnight, 260,0001. a year,
in wages only ! He manufactures and exports goods
to Lima, to ban Francisco, to Valparaiso, and other
ports and markets on the Pacific coast of South
America. If his returns come round in a year he is
fortunate ; when trade is bad, perhaps his returns
come in two years, or in two and a half. All this
time the five thousand most be paid their wages.
How explosive must be the capital or credit which
can meet contingencies like thee! Yet that man has
been the architect of his own fortunes. If you ask
him who his grandfather was, he will only laugh at
you ; he doer not believe it necessary for a man
to havu had a grandfather who has conduct, courage,
and enterprise of his own. Mr. A. is an excellent
specimen of his class.
Being now a little past one o'clock, the whole of
this magnificent building—tie finest Exchange in the
world beyond all comparison—is crowded in every
part. This is • sight not to los missed. Trade is not
very brisk just now, and the general expression is
that of eagerness, dashed with gloom. The telegraph
is hard at work. From London, Dover, Southamp-
ton, Liverpool, and Hull, intelligence comes in along
the wires. The man instantly records the fact an-
nounced ; and a crowd of anxious persons instantly Bur-
lotted the board to catch the magic words. Them, sea: e
comes from Dover, " Thiers has declared fur a repub-
lic—French Fives —" The next moment it is an
counted that the Cambria is in sight off Liverpool—a
person now rushes, chalk in hand, to the railway
board, and scores under the name of each line the
prices of shares ten seconds before at Capel-court.
And so it goes on. You notice at a glance that the
persons wno fill the room at this moment admit of
some division. The St. Arm's-street wing—where the
telegraphic announcements are made—is chiefly occu-
pied by foreigners ; men with every imaginable cut
of beard and visage, and speaking many unimaginable
tongues. They, however, chiefly belong to two
nations—Germany acd Greece. The number of
German families settled in Manchester is so conside-
rable as to have earned for the district in which they
chiefly reside the name of " Little Germany." The
position which they occupy in Manchester society is
of the highest consideration, and they have helped
not. little to diffuse a love of music, of art, and letters,
among the native families, with whom they live on
friendly terms. Stray men of letters, or of wieners,
from oar own Babylon find with them the warmest
welcome ; acd there is one eminent and noble lady of
the nation here to whom every man of intellect is a
friend. Need I name to you Madame Salle Schwabe,
—the point at which the two worlds of intellect and
commerce intersect each other ? The Greeks are also
very numerous here ; their bar deume, southern
countenances, their keen eyes and black beards, con-
stitute quite a picturesque feature in the ensemble
of Manchester. I am old enough, Mr. Ed tor, to
remember the time when there was not a Greek en-
gaged in business in the north of England. Twenty
years ago, I believe, there were only four Greek
houses in London. At this momeht you may count
them in Manchester alone by hundreds ; and it is
much the same in Leeds, Bradford, Huddersfield, and
other manufacturiog towns. In spite of the Bavarian
monk whom the great protecting powers gave
them for a king to rule over them, sod
the wretched German policy which he introduced
at Athens, this people have exhibited an elasticity
of mind and a power of growth and develepmect each
as no nation in modern Europe has ever shows. A
caun'ry of slaves and of banditti not thirty years ago,
they are already a nation of traders, of scholars and
gentlemen. Their shackles only just knocked off,
they already appear on the exchanges of Europe a
civilised and a noble people. Behold what twenty
years of freedom have done fur this Eaely-organised
and intellectual race!

The eye of the observer will detect at least three or
four distinct classes of men even amongst the Saxon
part of this assemblage ; there is the merchant, the
town manufacturer, and the country manufacturer.
The merchant is a mere buyer and aeller of the Ko-
duce of the district, and his calling is dying out. The
producer and the consumer oome year by year closer
together. Ikrmerly the Manchester manufacturer
seldom left his warehouse or his factory ; devoted only
to the work in hand, he hardly knew the geography
of his native district. He would hardly trust and
trade with his next-door neighbour. France was
too far away ; Germany, Spain, Italy, Greece,
he would have dreamed of letting his goods go
there on his own account. The language and the in-
habitants of these countries were equally out of the
range of his ideas. The foreign trade consequently
tell into the hands of a few " merchants," who squall,
taxed the consumer used the producer. Nor was this
all. The Manchester merchant was himself conflued
within a narrow field. He rarely or never looked
beyond the Alps : to the east of that barrier—to
Greece, Egypt, Turkey, Asia Minor, Syria, and the
Black Sea—all the commerce of England peered t hrotigh
use hands, the ports and custom-houses of the Italian.
Bo that between the Manchester producer and the
Greek or Armenian distributor of the articles, a series
of profits and duties were levied, which more than
doubled the original cost. All that is changed or
changing now. So far as the net is concerned, the
super-subtle Greek has almost driven the Italian cut
of the market; and the agent of the consumer having
planted himself at the elbow of the producer, but little
use is now found for the midde-man. the merchant.
The town manufacturer, like the merchant, is
generally en importation. He is not even of
Lincashire family generally speaking. Wnen the
cotton manufacture first arose, the kis o -wi tti d, the
energetic, and the ambitious rushed to it from all
par s of the north t 3 seise by the strong arm and steady
brain as much of the new power and the wealth it
was to create as they contd. Yorkshire, Northum-
berland, and the lowland counties of 83ollsnd