The Express.
London, England, 1850-01-18 00:00:00

TAILORS AND "SWEATERS."

A eery numerous meeting of journeymen and
otben engaged in the above undo, was held last night at
Exeter Halt, " for the purpose of expeolog the evils of the
dor, sweating, sad middleman systems, and also the in-
jurious effects of the goveramout ',entreats and prison
leboar ; and to petition parliament to make it compulsory on
all tauten to have their work done oa tier own promisee."
The large hall in which the meeting took place was crowded
to exams, every available space in the bocy of the ball, the
WIWI" and the platform (where there were several
master tailors), stop telly occupied. Thom wore, probably,
sot twee than 6,000 piteous present.
It had been announced in the advertisement convening
the meeting, that Mr. H Mayhew, the special correspondent
of the Morning Chrome*, would take the shall; but at the
hour aimed roc cosameaciag the business of the evening, a
=ea the platform mated tact a letter had been received
Mr. Mayhew, who weld not, in consequence of other
r age/temente, attend; and, in hie *lrene*, a Mr. TKONWI
RRTSOI.DS, who was said to be well known to the trade,
use called upon to presider.
The CHAIRMAN Skim explained that the object of this
meeting was to bring about mush an union of masters and
men as should be conducive to the uneliorition of the con-
dition of the latter class, who were now suffering the
most creel privations, in consequence of the insufficiency of
the remuneration they receivou for their labour, and the lib
since of sanitary regularises in their dwellings and work-
name. It was proposed to lay the grievsaces of the body
before the legialtture by mesas of a petition, and faille, of
a remedy, then to carry their complaint to the foot of the
throne itself.

Mr. ELLARD moved the first resolution, condemnatory
of the sweating or middleman system, which he said was de-
@Untie* to the interests, the health, aid the morality nibs
workmen engaged in the tailoring tries. Thomas& of
victims had feellen a sacrifice to that system, and by wkcm
was it premoted. and who were enriched by it ? Accord-
ing to the adcertisemens of certain hones in the trade, the
Prince supported it—(shame)—the duke supported it, the
nobility supported it, and the church supported it. (Shame.)
There were the persons who supported it.. Then, who were
the parties who were bewared by it ? hot the sweater or
middleman himself—he wai wretched, degraded, and al-
most starved under this accursed system. Not the assistants,
for these were scarcely able to obtain food, add were wholly
unable to cover their nen bodies while they were working
16 to 18 hours a day to supply clothes to the world. (Rear.)
Toe cheep advertising Wain, who had reared up their
nine-like establishments in every town in the kingdom,
and were now arrogating to themselves the whole of the
tailoring trade, to the ruin net only of the workmen whoa
they were grinding down to the verge of starvation, bat of
the honourable and honest master who wished to pay his
journeymen fairly. (Ch. ore.) The remedy fur this evil
was union. The resolution he had to move wee to the effect:
That this meeting deplores the widespread evils of desti-
tution, awry, end crime, engendered by the slop, sweatieg,
end middleman system in the Mitering trade—a system
which woo at the same time destructive to the interests of
the unheroic, ruinous to the hone t trod. eman, and which,
if n-it held is check, was calculated to coon y disease anti
death amongst the highest end noblest Sandia. in the em-
pire. and ultimately to affect the well being of the commo-
dity at large.
' "

. -
Mr. J. GOODFELLOW seconded the resolution. He had
beea employed by one of the advereising establishments
referred to in • confidential position, and sad had to work
eighteen hours a (ley fir frighteenpenci, or at the rate of on.
penny per hoar. (Shame.) And even from that scanty
pittance, ifs garment were taken Mare au hour or to later
than the time filed, 15 per cent. was deducted in the
way of • fine. (Shame.) Now the Marquis at West-
miaow was one of those who patronised tuat establish-
ment—(shame, shame)—so was Dr. F. rguson, of Hanover-
squire, who he believed was one of ter Majesty's house.
hold. Now, were three distinguished pen-ne aware that
the garments they thus °Veined were made up ir. filthy
and miserable hovels nhich generally were the scenes of
contagious diseases, and where the cholera, • ening the late
Mountable visitation, was rife? (Hear, hear.) Did Dr.
Ferguson consider the danger of putting on a coat Irish
from such places, and impregnated with the seeds of
cholera, and going probably w:tb it no immediately t the
palace, to attend upon her Majesty ? (Hear, hear.) The
previous 'raker had said that the seater or middle man
did not benefit by the system. That was an error • the
Menus Nicoll, who were patronised by Pricer Albert—
(cries of shame ")—gave their work out to • middleman—
sot a tailor, but • Jew sponge seller, who rode in his
carriage out of the 3,000 f. • year be by the system.
They bad heard lately a great deal about Sabbath ere-king
in the Post-olace, and some of those who wore the supp.rters
of the beeves which adopted the midillearan states wee load
in the e •n•lena-ation of the infringement of the disine law
is regard to the SiSbath in that instance, rut let them go
us any Sunday morning to the Tenter ground and they will
be astonished to sea the amount of yolk given oat oa that
day as the ptemises of the p non to wnom he Lad just al-
luded. The Messrs. Nicoll paid that parson 7..131. each for
making coats—he gave these out toot .. rs at .se. each, but
even these last were not the makers of the garments. The
first midellemin, to secure himself against Ime, required •
pecuniary deposit from the workp ople—the journey-
men who really did the work were in coon queue
of the mime d° !ow rate at which they were paid, wholly
seeable to provide this. Ti., molt was that another middle-
men was called in, who took the cents at ss. each, paling
the journeymen only 3e. each coat, which was hardly sae-
Meat to enable him to keep body and soul tog they. It wee
now proposed that master tailors Audi be °mow:foil to have
their work done oath( ir own itemises. Wr raing at home,
besides its tendency to reduce wages, was destructive of all
social comfort ; and as in coewqnence of the low rate of
remuneration the women were compelled to work 18 to 18
Lane a day, as well as their husbands, the system. was most
deterionticg to the rising g tion ; in feet, the genera-
tion which was now +Triaging up from this class of the corn
inanity was an abortion. (Hear.)
The resolution having been pat and carried.
Mr. BRY ANT moved the meet resolution : _ _

Teat this meeting is cusvinetel that the only way of deal-
tog with an evil of such magnitude as the slop, sweating, and
middleman system is by a taw making it compulsory on all
empl ,yen to have their work done on their own premises,
including government contract clothing.
Formerly the journeymen tailors subscribei 6,0001. or
6,000 f. a year as a relief fund to meet cues of sickness
or want of employment, but now, under the new sy.targ,
they were so reduced, that they could scarcely obtain food
even wben in full work, they were connollcd to inhabit
hovels unfit for howl's dwellings, and had not sufficient
clothes to enable them to eppear in the streets by daylight.
(Hear.) The dearaiabe.o, -nine ry, and went entailed upon
the workmen by this system wes the fruitful parent of crime,
and added materially to the county rates and the poor rates.
Mr. TALBOT, in seconding the motion, expressed his
eonvictica that the system would, if continued, mimeo all
the joumtymen to the condition of paupers or criminals.

Mr C. 600DFELLOW, a journeymen, sly ke at some
length in support of the resolution. denouncing the sweating
system with great vehemence, and charging steer.] muters
by name with prsetisiner it —ansonrt others a Mr. Berdoe,
who, being present, refuted the charge, and deelared that
he gad oast given any work to he done out of his ewn
premises but waistcoats (which were usually made out of
doors), except once (when he paid more than w.ss asked),
and he tem would give out any more. (Bear hear.) He
should be glad to glee all the avistanee in his power to the
journeymen in their present object, and he hoped soon to
see the time when every man would be enabled to earn 30s.
a week at the least.
_

The evolution was tarried, cm was also a %rat of petition
to parlistnent embodying the views of the anteing, which it
wee rewired should be entrusted to the Duke of Csiubride
to present to the Lords, and to Lord Ashley to present to the
C cameos.

A vote of thanks to Mr. A. Mayhew, the special corn.
P. pendent of the Morning Chronicle, throwed, and, after
the usual acimmledement to the chairman of the evening.
the meeting separated.

THE COMMIASIONERS OP THE NAIIOSAL DEDT
AND SAVINGS BANKS.—Ihe Commissioners for the It doe-

ti oof the National Debt have recently (in es nsequencei;l
the leasable disclosures at the Rochdale Savings Bank)
ceased a circriar to be lorwaried to veiny laminas bank in
the tithed Kingdom calling the attention of the trustees
and managers to the Is3rd clause of the Savings Bak Act
(the 71h & bib of Victoria), and also to the 28. h ride in the
itspaiitora' books, by which all depositors are enjoined to
leave their seeonnt bsoks at the respective backs for
caparison with the bank ledgers, and requesting
the: cure publicity to this effect may be given
to the depositor' by advertisements or otherwise.
Since the discovery of the serious defalcations at
itoc•di al:, mousy. (hut not to near so large an amount)
have been diecovi red to have been asappropristed in three
otber similar establisha nts, viz., 'at Ayltibury, 8.. Helen's
(frincashire ), and at Scurboreugh. independent audit
ol the wrietest and must searching kind," a recommended
by the Hon. Colonel Phipps, on behalf of his Royal Highness
Prince Albut to Mr. Boodle, the secretary of the Probident
institution, St. Martin's-lane (of which his Royal HiAneve
is president), would go a very greet way with all depositors
in "seem banks in Ailing that anxiety and clam which
hats neatly been so naturally created.

THE FEENCII HAVE A CORN LAW, With II sliding
sale o• the model of our old one, but more moderate in its
range. It ie worth while, therefore, to compare the pries cf
seen i• Frame, where pruteetiun is mill rstaihed, with the
pria In Britain, whore it Is abolished. And the Jownal des
Wats supplies us with the n. eessary diva, in au article
which appears in the Times of Monday. " The proof that
free trade is not the nose of the present low pries in Eng-
land," says the ()Avis. this —that the fall was as great,
nay, greater ti.an tut England, in those st .tes of the elm
tirent or Europe where the corn lews underwent so
el:eration whAtoror. France is a striking es maple cf this
Is t. li re, in Paris. we find the hectolitre of corn at
131., instead of at 20(., the average prim ; and not •
Easter
_has been laid on our eue•nm.houte diatom."

an peal to lid, tbs imps:
quarter. The price of protected wheat Is Faris
is tnereture 10r. Id. below the last weekly average of team
tested wheat an Britain, which by Friday's Onsette, was
40e. If we tike the prerwilotal r,duction, the ceaparisea
is still safavourablo to the French agriculturist. Os an
aircrews ot 20 years, the prise of II kcal in France has ban
f..und to he 20 francs the hectolitre, tr 4i.. ins quarter.
lite culvert price is, therefne, 3i per cent. sada r the eve•
rage. Is Britain the price taloned as the avenge under
the sliding scale was 665., and the current pries is, there-
live, only 30 per sent. below it. &Bowed in tither wsy,
tie protected agriculturist of Fracas is worse of ttaa the
uni.r.t.cted egricultutist ut Brituirs.—haelseters.

THE
MANUFACTURING DISTRICTS.

COTTON CULTIVATION IN INDIA.,
MANCINI:I7IM, JAN. 17.
The meetiog of the Chamber of Comment, to-day, to
emaider me important questim of • =ore siertaim mud steady
=ply of cotton as a means of sustaining the iadestry of
great ccutmunity, was moors numerous, sad of •
more lufluential character, than say similar umillig we
ham had of this body slam the memorable year is
which its discumloas gam nth as impish@ to the
mailroom law movesarat. Aerialist the putlesion pressat
were Jobs Bright, Esq., M.P. tor Ilscobrisior ; the Bight
Hos. T. M. Gibson. at. other member for this borough;
Jams Kershaw, Eci., M.P. for Stockport; Alexander
Hoary, Esq., M.P., mid William Broom, Esq., M.P. for
South Lancashire ; Janes Pilkingtoo, M.P. for
Blackburn : Mr. Eiggiabottemi, Mayor of Aabtom ; Mr.
halts Schwabe, Mr. Geary Ashworth, Mr. Lewis Williams,
and Mr. William Brokhast.

THo*U BAZLET, Esq., President of the Chamber,
in ageing tie proceedings, said from the establistment of
the chamber the qundea of an adequate supply of
sotto& had always bees looked spot se of
vital importances. It wee • SOWN of regret that
we were dandling for oar supply of cotton on one sin-
gle mine. They did not wish to reciprocate the unfriendly
fealiag whisk some parties is the United States had SSW.
fisted WSW& the industry of this district, and were willing
to acknowledge the advaategn, they derived from the
planters of the south of America. All that was wished was
to ante • more (*nolo and steady supply of the raw mate-
rial, on whin the industry of this distract depended ; and it
was believed that the colones of this country were
able to supply the means were the proper vier •
taken to encourage their efforts. The question was,
why it happened that there ores • retarding of
the cultivation of cdton in India, paneled of such a vac
tract of country and a climate so suitable to the growth of
cotton ? The supply of cotton from the United States in
1820 was 90 asitlions ot pounds : last year it was 850
From the Rest Indies we received, is 1820, 2l
millions of posed': to last year the increase was but 65
million of pounds. There must be some miens why we did
not receive more cotton from India and it was de-
sirable we should be put la possessiois of those reams.
It was in panic of that object among others they were now
usevabled, and he would call upon the secretary to read the
resolutions about to be submitted to the meeting in pur-
suance of it.

Mr. T. BOOTIIMAN, Jun., then road the following rue-
lotions

1. That the fact of the continued deptodence of the great
industry of this district for the supply of its raw materiel,
mainly from a single source, Gals for the serious considers.
non of all who are interested in the security and prosperity
of the cotton teed..

2. That notwithstanding the many proofs that the climate
and Pod of large portions of British India are well suited to
the growth of cotton, and the many and costly experiments
mad* by the East India Company to promote its growth
within the territories subjected to their rule, this chamber
is reluctantly c. mottled to believe that up to tbis time no
sentible progress has been made towa►ds procuring for the
manufacturers of the ;maw:. kingdom a supply of cotton tho
produce of British India, and that proof is altogether want-
ing to show that the eikrts hitherto made by the East India
Company have resulted in any increase In the production of
cotton in India.

3. That thil chamber is lcd to believe that the economical
condition of many parts of India is unfavourable to thy
extension and permanence of that Industry, without which
lug, and steady exports of cotton to this country cannot
reasonably be looked for, and that it is essential to the
security ■od well-being both of India and of the cotton
trade of En. land, that a scorching investigation be insti-
tuted into the causes which have so lung befflzd the efforts
which have bun made to stimulate the growth of cotton in
India.

4. That this chamber, contemplating the early expiration
of the Rut India Company's charter, is of opinion that a
special commission of inquiry should be sent forthwith to
India to examine into the condition of the country, especially
within the presidencies of Bombay and Madras, with a view
to ascertain whet are the obstacles to the growth of cotton
and to the extension and permanence of a srofitable industry
in the cultivation of the soil ; and the chamber is also of opt.
nion that the report of such a commission would furnish in.
valuable inform-tion to the leuislature and the publie Wore
the consideration of the future government of India is again
brought before parliament.
6. That the direct,ou of the chamber be requested to pre-
pare a petition for prtsensation to the House of Commons,
and a memorial to Lord John Russell, urging the appoint-
ment of such a commission of inquiry, end to take such
step as to them may seem desirable to obtain the co-opera-
tion of all parties cir.cera/ d in the cotton trade, in the pro-
motion of this important object.
Mr. H. ASH WORTH, in moving the adoption of these
reaulutioic, said he wished it to be understood that this was
nst merely a manufac•urer's but a consumer's question. He
pointed to the preference almost universally given to carton
over linen fabrics, not only on account et cheapness but of
warmth. Again, its union with woollen in Bradford manu-
factures was not only a means of econcmy but of producing
a a Mar and more agreeable article of wear. It was also used
even in woollen cloths fur trowstre, and in carpeting, and as
a means of supplying materiel for the bindine of becks.
It was of great importance on account of economy. He
said this was especially a working man's question on account
of f emooiy, and on neccuat of the employment it afforded.
Mr. LEWIS WILLIAMS, the 'Vice-.President oi the
Chamber, seconned the resolutions.

Mr. BRIGHT, dun rose to support the motion, and
said: Mr. Cbdirinan, I express my very cordi►l approbation
of the resolutions which have been read by the se crnery, and
which have been moved and seconded ; fur I think if wc
look back to our past proceedings with regard to this ques•
tion, we shall come to the conclusion that there is no other
course open for us n aw than either to give up the expectation
of having cotton from India, or to take the line which is in-
dicated by these resolutions. Now we appear to be bringing
this matter into rather a narrower compass than we have
done in times put; fer we don't require to meet for the
purpose of dircumung emongst oure.lves, or of urging upon
the public or the government the necessity of hiving a better
supply of cotton than we have had hitherto ; for the cape.
rent* of 1847, when the scarcity was real, and the cape-
' rience of the present time, wt en scarcity, if not real, is ai
least menaced, and we are suffering the consequences which
arise only 'rum a real scarcity—l ►ay that the experience of
that year c nd of this is euthenist to show us all how much
our interests—personal, and, as cainected with the interests

. .
of this district, and of course to a large extent the interests ot
the country—are bound up in the greet question. Now that
ptintbeingsettled, there is another which I think we have
s right to consider as settled, that is, whether India
can, under any circulastanen, produce cotton which can be
s-id in this market, to compete with the cotton of the
United States. (Hear, hear) There are persons who,
I believe, think this cannot be done. I know ons or two
sufficiently intelligent men, interested in its being dune,
who believe it cannot In done from a variety of circum-
stances. I must say lem not of that opinion. For, from
aewunts which we have from pawns who have ban a
long time In India, whose veracity and disinterwtedness
cannot in any degree be doubted, and by all
the rules of evidence, we are bound to eta
amine into the case. India can grow cott
and cotton that will suit the manufacturers of this country,
and eta reasonable and moderate price. (Hear, bear.) The
East India Company are clearly of this opinion, because for
thirty tears back, at lea. t, they have been, in one shape or
another, prolesaing to bo pr pared to go on growing
cotton for the supply of English manufacturers. We
had a book published by them in 1836 containing
a vast amount of correspondence, which I at one
time laboriously waded through, and found that in that
correspondence there is an universal admission by all par-
ties connected with the India Company that the cotton con
be supplied. We hada parliamentary committee, to which
our president has referred, of which I. was a member. That
committee took the evidence of a great number of persons
who had been many years in India—has been collectors and
government office n, and engineers, and judges, end so forth,
in the very districts from which this cotton should c .fte,
and their evidence, with no diesent whatever on the part
of any one of them, got sto show that there is abundance of
meats offered as regards soil, and climate, r nit pepulatioe,
for the production of a very large supply of cotton
from that country. If we want flutter evidence,
India appears to Dave been the country from witch
cotton came for the supply of the rest ot the
world ; from that country came the knowledge of
tho existence of the article itself. In all halt times
India has grown a qoantity of cotton, perhaps exceeding
that grown in all other parts of the world, and it has been
made into a material so fine that the most perfect machinery
of this country altogether fails to apo.nach. And not only is
India done this in peat times, but it dues a large ',onion of
it now; because at this moment the people of India con-
sume cotton in a larger proportion perhaps than they con-
sume anything else, foe nit only is their clothing, but
their bending, their saddles—in fact there is ic deely a
'bugle thing they use which can be made out of at.) textile
fabric which is lint made univer.ally over the wl.ole coun ry,
of cotton. (Heir, hear.) Well, then I come to the con
elusion that we may go upon thin ascertained fact that In ! a
can grow cotton. It is because there are some obstacles in
the way, and which are removable, that is noes nut supply
us with that cotton. We don't mean to say the Co,.
pan, do not wi-h it to be pruduced ; I believe
they do wish it, and sincerely wish it; bet they
wish it to be produced along with some pi cal ar-
itin in their stress of finance and revenue, which
make it imp imAle that it can be produced. (Hear, Lear.)
The East India Co ..parry, as I have said many time• b. fore,
is much more a mill nry government than a civil govern-
ment; it has Ice:. inflatelt more successful in fichting than
cultivating the ground. Sir James Hogg, the late chairmen
of the East India Company, tad ate more than onea thy
bad spent more than 100.00 W. in experiments whicti
they have made in cultivating cotton, some of
which the president and Mr. Ashworth have refered to.
They have spent Via pertly in sendit g these American
planters, pail') in model farms, partly in sendina out
Baba. aerie', and a vast dial of it in in• eatigations or reports,
but so far as we have yet heard, the whole o their experi
meats and proceediegs have been a total failure, so tar as
regards producing any supply of neon valuable for our
wants ie concereed. Now, I
farms, or that sent:ing ow hand gins would do much
soud. Supposing we were not talk.ng about
India bw of Ireland; end we proposed to establish a model
sent at Co naught : the land on that farm would be well
cultivated, and some amount of ben• finial iefloence wood fns
(wended to the districts around; or suppose we wisheel to
give morals to the farmers in Ireland, as an encouragement
to industry—it is not to be supposed that model farms and

THE EXPREP, FRIDAY EVENING, JANUARY 18, 1850.

medals, sad patting cold balk by tbe sermament,
can overtime every error whisk has crept
late the ger transmit ed the outstay. (User bur.)
I maintain that It it idle far as le suppose that is Imilathase
asessres of purism, ass *vises the evils of Mt
tics, se lug es the biasses these mama enseekettili;
wry killing and inappreciabb silty, ss compered with the
sammons amount et influence whisk serials
other cirunsitause, to whisk I toed to refer, must and
do aureately ozonise our the industry of the people
of India. (Hear, beer.) Now, we must not sup-
pose that ladle is peopled by natives end @a-
ngel. Nothing ma be mere absurd and ignorant
than suppme that this--a eountry that lass bees highly.
"ionised kr centuries, in • stets of civilised= superior to
this, probably, at eau lime; • souatry whose wealth we
have usenet. of the meet marvellous obareeter (so that we
have sees to look spot many of thus so fabuloes)—is in-
habited by a people who ars mirages. Ungnestioaably the
plapie ladk us sot an idle people. I saw la London
the ether day a plus of sloth the shape of a surf, what
we all Meth of gold, wove, with silk sad gold thread, in a
pastern of the most elegant dales, the workmanship of
whisk was sub as to mewed anytkieg I have ever seen ma-
nuhstared in this country. No doubt the system
ef ;easte in India is very mush opposed to in.
dinky, but to say that • whole people --mind
not the people of a small provisos or • kingdom, but of •
sembiaalles of provinose or kingdoms (nearly a hundred
mrllsus of people), are all in this abject poverty of
mmillian we nearly so, and to ray that it does not arise
lima some fundamental and wide spread error, with
the possession and tenure of land, or of fefinancialMwa to
revima• circumstances, is to say that which neither
this chamber nor the legislature of the country
will believe. (Hear, hear.) The witnesses' nearly all said
something about this matter. Mr. Saville Marriott, who was
33 years ia India and who was a judge in the revenue de-
partment, says that the oondkioa of the cultivators of the soil
was declining when he was there, and was certainly declining
from 1807 to 1842. He judges that they ere so from their per-
sonal appearance and the fact that they were obliged to sell
personal ornaments and other valuable.. Mr. ()there., who
was another edthe witnesses examined by the committee, and
who bed been in India—in Ouserat—in 1828, as an overseer
collector, and returnee. in 1840, says that he saw no appe ir-
sus of any improvement or progress. He says : " Gene-
rally speaking, I am Gorey to say, I did not ; some places
that used to be covered with jungle were cultivated, but
altogether it !appeared to me that the wealthy inhabitants
bad fallen off." And on 'tuning over the book I Sod, from
nearly every witness's language, cases as strong, and in some
cases even stronger than this with regard to the
condition of the population. Now, we will just look
for a 'moment to what seems likely to be the cause of this
state of things. In India, government is landlord; the
population of India are, with how exceptions, cultivators of
the soil—of course all those who do not live in towns. Toe
defence of this system put forward by the Company (in the
sometime it came tram Mr. Mangles, one of the directors)
is this. Mr. Mangles says that is this country we have to
pay both rent to the ltudloid and taxes to the state.
In India they have nothing to pay bat the rent,
which becomes a tax to the state ; and that, therefore, they
are saved one of these payments, and that it is infinitely
better, supposing the kingdom to take possession of any
country, that the land should belong to government, and
rent be given to defray the expenses of the state. Able men
have said something in favour of this, and if that was simply
the state of the cue, end there was only one payment to
nuke instead of two, there can be no doubt
whatever it would be an advantage. But if we
come to consider the objections to um you will Sad
—I have persuaded myself of it long ago—that all the argu-
ments in favour of tkat system are a heap of abourditias,
when you come to consider how far that system actually
applies to the condition of the people. The object one an
these: that first of all there being one universal tandlessi
over in the country, and this landlord, all p.iwerful,
having all the military logos and the law at
his back, he has no inducement to perform say
eagle duty which • landlord is expected to perform.
He never has any competition to keep down hit tent. Now,
h. re. if you go to take • farm, and a man asks 1001. for it, and
another man only asks 901. for a farm equal to it, the mu
petition between landlords prevents the rent rising too high,
in the same way al the competition between tenants prevent
it coming too low. But in India, when there is only
one Landlord, he has all the power, and makes
his own terms ; he fixes what rent he chooses,
and takes to hinself the powers of the law ; a moderate
force would enable him to collect his rent, and there is not
one single atom of the arrangements between landlord sad
tenant tor improving and making use of improvements, that
is not in favour of the landlord, the government, without one
in favour of the tenant. (Hear.) Now, the lard is not free
in say degree whatever. Throughout India it cannot be
sold—you cannot buy the lee of it and become aboolu's pos-
sessor of it, u you can in this country; and the
result, there is no middle class, no capitalist class.
Tee whole of the original aristocracy and pro-
prietary classes have been swept sway, sod there
is nothing but this great, powerful government,
which throws its baneful shadow over all parts of the country,
sect prostrates the elegies from whom it extracts its income,
wringing from them every teething of rent that c,n be ob-
tained. (Applause.) I spoke not long ego to a most intelli
gent genti:man from that country—(and a more intelligent
man I
be country tie said, in Agra or Delhi, or
any of the large cities of India, if I asked
any person who might suppose me to be a native of the
country, in common conversation, his opinion with regard to
the goy. foment of the country by the Company—everybody's
opinion who is disinterested, who is not paid L 7 them,
and cue speak his mind—everybody's opinion is
against the government of the Company. lie recom-
mended that • commission should be sent out to
India similar to that sent out by Sir Rtbert Peel to
Ireland under Lord Dev-11, a most fortunate eircumstan e
for Ireland, for though no great benefit to Ireland bad at-
cruet as yet, he doubted not the facts it had dLelosed would
some day term the groundwork of most bent ficial measurer.
' It was no intoned to Lord John Russell that India shou:d be
' badly governed, aff as this inquiry was to form the ground.
; walk of future legislation, his lordship could have no object
in opposing it. It was for that reason he supported the pre-
' sent resolution. The hon. member resumed his seat amidst
loud cheers.

Mr. MILNER GIBSON, who was received with loud ap-
plause, said : At this hour, knowing that the time is nearly
• II for the termination of this ineting, 1 will not tree-
par upon your attention at any length. I rise principally-,
on my own part, to express my cordial approbation of the
proposal emhod.ed in wee of the resolutions, to the effect that
a commission of inquiry should be seat to India, wi h • view
of collecting and supplying to parliament end the country
that information which it is so emential should be tit ,ore the
legislatura previous to the diseuesion of that important ques-
tion, the renewal of the R India
Company's charter.
It appears to me moat rational that such a course shout' be
adopted. (Hear.) With regard to toe possibility of a sup-
ply of cotton Mom India, suitable for British manufacturers,
I, with others, feel that there is • peat deficiency; of infor-
mation, although I have dipped into that Blue Book which
my hon. colleague was instrumental in obtaining, and to
whom the country is much iudebted for his exertions on
this subject. (Hear.) The question of an ezelargement of
the held of supply of cotton is one which does
not merely sheet the trade of • district, er
which can be said to ho of mere local or par-
tial intent; it is of broad and vital national im-
portance. (Hear.) Looking to the great amount of latour
employed in the cotton manufacture, 1 tokiag to the large
proportion which the export of cotton manufactures boars to
our whole exports, it as impossible to contenaLlate even a
temporary interruption to the supply of raw cotton without
feelings of great anxiety. I must confilm the views taken
by my hen. colleague, that the evidenco of the witnesses
taken before the c tumittee goes to show, in the main,
that the fiscal system of the But Indie Company
in Bombay and Madras is the cause why the growth of cot
ton in India for exportation to this market is sot a profit-
able pursuit. The amuuut of the land tax is so great that it
does not leave a remuneration to the cultivator. I do not
believe that British connexion with India cannot coexist
with amelioration of tale contition of the cultivators of the
soil, sod improvement in the materiel and social interests of
the great masses of th • Indian population. (Hear, hear.)
When the motion is submitted to parliament for the
appointment of a commission of inquiry. should such •
course be adopted, I call have great pleasure in supporting
it by ell means in my power.
Was. BaoWN, Eat , and Jayne KERSHAW, Esq., M.P.,
supported the motion, and It wan auotnad uuanimoualy.

THE FORGERIES ON TOE MONMOUTIISIIIRE BANK.
—Beery New, horse-dealer, of Ledbery, one or the parties
proved to have uttered the forged nobs at Monmouth, has
been apprett.ntled in Birmingham by police.supertntendent
Shea!, of Ledbury, and has been taken to Monmouth,where
he bra undergone an examination. Toe forged notes on
Nesters. itaPey and Co.'s bank, already aLc)vered to have
bin issued, am mat to over 1,4001.
ESCAPE OF A MURDERER FROM A LUNATIC
ASTLVIC—During the whole of the present week there km
been a pnlice-oftleer from L.neaster in this town in quest of
&criminal lunatic, named Joseph Green, who on Sunday
lest contrived to effect his escape from the County Lunatic
Asylum at Lancaster, and has not since been heard of.
Mn,L of our readies will, no d übt, r collect the murder
width led to Green's incarmration, as it was committed in
Manchester come thirteen or fourteen years ago. At the
time cf its comm'arion, Green, who we. then working as a
factory operative, lived In Foctory-eourt, Bleklers•reet,
Shadebel ; and, sueveting that his wile had formed a ai-
minal intimacy with a sawyer, he got up early one morning,
se if gong to his work, and, as his nib lay sleeping in bed,
cut her throat with a razor, and nearly severed her head
from hi r body. At the next ensuing assizes he was
tried for the murder, when the avid nee of his guilt
was most conclusive, but as it was proved that be had pre-
viously sew—Wed som • injury on his heed, which at times
induced symptoms or insanity, the jury found a verdict of
gaily usx!er inssnity. In eonsequ. ace of this verdict the
sentence upon Green wss that he should he imprisoned dur-
ing the pies-are of the crown, and he was accordingly incar-
cerated at Kirk•lale Whilst there he kptas• it of diary
or log book, In the pegs of which he recorded several
charges against the governor, the result of which was the
erase of a great deal of unpleasantness, which led to his
rmiival to the L tnceshiro Asylum. There his good conduct
obtained him many indulgences, and being of an ingenious
turn, he was furnished with a box of tools, and allowed to
make many little articles, such as ledi,s Rork loses,
which he meld to pries visiting the as)larn. Recently, his
confine d orderly behaviour led to stiff farther kindness on
the part of the governor, and ho was ell bat soloed to go
at lanes about the grounds, and on Smoky last, as we have
above stated, he bade a final farewell to the plate. A. reward
is offered for his apprehension.—Manchesfer COW ter.

BERVIAN POLITIC&

be influenced now by momentary pique, or personal
considerations. When Russia thinks that events are
ripe, and the moment mcst propitious, no cane man
can doubt that she will no more wants cause of quarrel
than the wolf in the fable, bent on devouring the
lamb. A belief, on which we will not hazard
an opinion, is universally prevalent on the other
side of the Danube, that this moment is not
further remote than the ensuing apriog. There
is perhaps only the Emperor NICROLAM himself
who can solve this question, if, indeed, with him,
it do not depend on the reception given to hi, proposal
for the loan to which we have already called the at-
tention of the reader. Whether, however, the danger
threatening the Porte be chronic, or imminent and
deadly, we would remind it that, after 8:If-exertion,
its best reliance is on the public sympathies of Eng-
land, no loudly elicited on a recent occasion in its
favour, and that before it forfeits there by discredita-
ble concession it aimed test and be guided by the
temperature of opinion at its source, rather than when
Ichilled through the refrigerating channel of cffiAal
and diplomatic communication.

trim the Doag N...)

We have before had occasion to remark, that on
the politics of Turkish Berrie hinged to a great
extent the future integrity of the Porte. Berns, in
fact, has justly been described by those most conver-
sant with the affairs of the East as the cleft in which
the wedge is being driven—the wedge intended, if
not destined, eventually to split the Ottoman empire
into fragments. A few days back we pointed out
that the fiervian population, anxious to pursue an
independent line of policy, we. until recently hesi-
tating whether it could venture to resin, or should
follow in the wake of an irresistible ascendancy. We
endeavoured to show how the aucces,ful aggression
of Russia in Hungary, and the arrogant demand
of extradition by the Cur, were on the point
of having brume a determining sign in the
choice of Servian politicians, when the unexpected
attitude assumed by Turkey (consequent upon our
demonstrations of support) probably averted, in the
Christian provinces, convulsions equally calamitous to
the Ottoman Empire and thenueores.
The refusal of the Porte to accede to this insolent
dolma, and the arrival of our fleet, rendered it *-
phis that Turkey was not quite abandoned by the
West, as the Russian agents with which Turkey
swarms perseveringly endeavour to impose the belief
amongst its Christian population. Undeceived in
this particular they became le,a anxious to identify
their future, with that of a power, whore oppressive
character they begin to understand and dread. Our
correspondence from Belgrade has from time to time
pointed out how the Russian consul-general was,
about this period, expelled from the dwelling of
PETRONOVITCII, the prime minister, previously his
abject °feature ; bow the Berrien determined upon
opening a road to the Adriatic by the mouths of
Cotten), so as no longer to be dependent in their trade
cie Russia or Austria, and how the Servian ministry
was actually proposing to clothe the Servian troops
with British cloth, instead of resorting to the inferior'
and more costly products of the Austnau looms.
The ill-judged compliance of the Porto in permit-
ting the expulsion of those Polish refugees who had
served in the Hungarian war, and in conceding the
detention of Kossuru and the Hungarian., have
exercised an influence as decided and as prompt upon
the policy of the Danubian provinces. It has just
come to our knowledge that Servia, which was so
obviously labouring to extricate itself from Russian
influence, has visibly relapsed on receipt of this in-
telligence. We learn that SIMICH, who was re-
cently stigmatised by PETRONOVITCII himself as the
most thoroughgoing of the tools of Russia, has been
appointed Minister of Justice, and that the reigning
Prince of Berns has signed a declaration pledging
himself not to permit any Servian to be in future sent
beyond the frontier to be educated unless in the Rus-
sian empire.
In extenuation of the conduct of the Porte, in its
compact with the Austrian and Russian cabinets, and
in condemnation of our shale in this transaction, we
must not forget that the representatives of France
and England are parties to the injurious and dis-
honourable stipulations which make gratuitous sur-
render of all the moral ascendancy, which the Sul-
tan's government had been able legitimately to
resume. We will not pause to examine here in how
tar this decision may have been influenced by per-
sonal considerations, or by the dread entertained at
the Elysee Bourbon of illustrious exiles, possibly
claiming hospitality, inconvenient to atf)rd and
disgraceful to deny. The responsibility of the
ill-
timed compliance must rest chiefly with
the representatives or cabinets of France and
England, whose share in enuring it may be deduced
from the fact that in key has, in pint of fact, 3 ielded
more to Austria than to Russ a. Whilst acceding to
the detention of KossuTu and his companions, the
Porte, we have reason to believe, is firm in its refusal
to expel the Poles settled in Turkey previous to the
Hungarian war, and in its resbrance to the preten-
sion set forth by Itu-sia that the Porte should, in
direct violati,Al of the injunctions of the Koran, allow
itself in future to be debarred the privilege cf giving
sanctuary to political refuge s. It is to be hoped that.
after having so impohtic,y complied, Turkey will
Fere at in this denial with tirmness, and most with due
support. If there was any political intent in the
distinction made between the ea powers, its
object will hardly be attained. Tree prestige
of Austria can no more be revived into a
substantial counterpoise than the dead raised
up to life. In the estimation of the Christian popu-
lations of Turkey, Austria is held to have fallen so
irretrievably and so low, that any point given up is
universally considered a concession to Russian inter-
ference, not to her.

MUSIC.

THE IiADEIGAL SOCIETY.

This society—one of the great( st, and probably the
oldest musical association in Europe—held its one
hundred and ninth anniversary meeting yeatet day in
Freemasons' Hall. In the absence of Lord Saltoun,
the President of the society, the chair was filled by
Major Oliphant, one of its mcst distinguished mem-
bers. The company was numerous, comprising many
mus:cians eminent in various branches of trio art;
and the meeting was graced by the presence of a
brilliant assemblage of ladies, a novelty introduced
only last year.
Faicb part of the pi dormer c•i, as usual, commenced
with a sacred composition. The first wee a psalm by
Thomas Forde, a piece of rich and solemn harmony;
the monad was a hymn by Palestrina, one of thaw/
sublime efforts of germs which Lee gained
for him the title of the faller of sacred
music. The s.cul..r portion of the sel,ction
—probably in consideration of the fair portion of
the audience—was of a remark tbly light and
elegant character, and abundantly coofuted the igno-
rant opinion that melody, grace, and the hippy ex-
pression of poetical thoughts, are peculiar to modern
music. Any one who heard last night the "
the bright sun" of Wiliiam Byrde, the " Sigh not,
fond shepherd" of Giovanni Ferretti, the " When
April deck'd in roses gay" of Luca Murenzio, and
the " Flora gave me fairest flowers "of John Wil-
bye—if he ever entertained su...h a notion, must
have renounced it for ever.

The London Madr;gil Society has the great merit
of having kept alive those wonderful works of the
great Italian and ErgFah matters of the I,xteenth
century, which would otherwise have taken into
user oblivion. There was a time when thc kro-x-
-ledge of those prec ous works literally thd net extend
beyend the w:Ila within which •he society hell its
meetings; bat the healthy impuiss now given !o the
national taste is spreading them throu;h all parts of
the kingdom, and the time may come when Englatd
shall restore to Italy the los'. treasures of Italian art,
of which Italy herfelf dots cot now even im:Aine
the existence.

EXHIBITIO-VS.

COLOSSEUM.

This gigantic f ath new attr,c-
Vons. Tne public interest manifested in the fate of
Sir J. Franklin bas induced the production of a arere
in the Polar regions; which, though on a aca:e,
is highly effective. The icy monotony of the land-
scape is relieved by E,quimsut halting t 3 re. t the
reindeer which have been drawing them over
the slippery tract in a a!edge, polar bears,
a wolf-dog, and other indigercus animals,
skilful:y introduced and grouped. Ihe sky displays
the beautiful evening tints peculiar to thou latitudes
white N e distant bibs nre tipped with a scarlet lute,
reflected from abive. This tab;euti will ;ire many a
spectator a more cheerful notion cf these inhospitable
regions than they have been cectigomcd to associate
with them.

In pleasing contrast to this is • pienre giving a
vivid notion of Chinese river life. It is a view of
Tchin-shan,or the G Jlden Island, which rig• gout of tha
Yaog-tse-kiang,the grandest stream efthewho:e East-
ern hemisphere. bustle of this seer.: presents a
contrast to the comparative solitude of that we have
I just notictd. Life in every form of activity is here
seen. In the foreground is an imperial mes-
senger halting to be ferried across the water; beat-
' men, mandarin!, hawkers, crowd the :here, a bile the
rin•r is covered with boats of all mt., their
crews in active employment. The island itself. with
a splendid pagoda capping an eminence, adds mate-
rially to the gorgeous variety of the scone.
Ttere is a third view, Netley Abbey, which also
has its attractions. All there arc the produc•ion of
NI Gars. Danson an Sot. Liv!:ly, there is a mcdA of
a silver mine ; the miners in mo.loll, ant the different
operations going en in a manner that gives a goad in-
sight into that sort of underground labour.

We are aware that there exist widely different,
and, as we hold, equally erroneous opinions
respecting Turkey, amongst those on whom that
couutry must rely for all substantial suFpart. the
impression is prevalent amongst many of the meet
enlighteetd peliticiaue, that the Turkish race is worn
out or inatleqaate to the requirements of the age;
that in office it is incurably cot rupt ; and that its rule
and frith is in • condition of irretrievable decay.
Happily, facts are far from warranting these coeclu-
tioes. 'that which in the Ottoman empire we
are apt to mistake for the quietude of
death, is nothing but the torpor of a stage of
transformation. Unlike the Russian empire, whet e
improvement skin-deep covers the deformitit a of a
society which hu been described as rotten before it
was mature—Turkey may of late years be consi-
dered u decidedly progressive. Its reforms, if partial
and incomplete, have been at least practical and bta,,i
fide. In Austria, as is Russia, cairuption has mute
or less permeated and leavened the whole mass.
Amongst the 'lurks for one venal rogue may be dis-
cerned ten rigidly upright and uncontaminated men.
The Turkish race, brave, generous, tolerant, and
sagacioes, Las still ineradicable hold in the involun-
tary respect of the motley races over which it pre-
sides, and its vitality is full of latent energies, which
we impoliticly allow a foreign influence to repress.
There is in England, with reference to Turkey,
another school of political opinion which our Foreign
Secretary is understood to share, or perhaps we should
have said to lead. These gentlemen, whilst acknow-
ledging that Turkey has made real progress, ima-
gine that if by every possible compliance war can
fora few years be avoided, the Porte will have gained
sufficient strength to defy that encroaching neigh-
bour, whose existence is a coctinuous menace to its
own. But though it be true that turkey in 1830 is
very different in point of vigour from the Turkey of
1825, or even of 18W, nothing can be more errone-
ous than this passive reliance on the future. The
finances are in good condition now, abuses have been
undergoing a gradual course of reforms ion; and the
Nisam, which a few years bark was contemptible, is
willing, disciplined, and warliee. But it is a mistake
to suppose that, under present circum-taecee, any
further improsemeut will have taken place five years
hence; whilst the causes to which attention has
been called will have exercised a deteriorative if not
fatal action to the enfeeblement or ruin of the em-
pile. The Nizam, for instance, wants only officering,
but in five years there is r o prospect of its being more
efficient than at present ; because, although the Turks
have learned to recognise the superiority of European
science, the compact we are sanctioning does not per-
mit them to avail themselves of the skill of Polish and
Hugarian refugees, the only foreigners applicable to
the purpose in whose sincerity they could rely. Tee
reforms of the Sultan, intended to comprise in a com-
munity ef rights with the faiihful the rays and
d'jhiaour, demand execution and extension. But
this extension will be practically impeded by the fact
that whilst Turkey is not al:o.eed to harbour any
stranger who may give umbrage to herueighbears,
the intrigues of Ruin
Russia, carried on by innumerable I
splits with impunity under the very eyes of the!
authorities, alienate from all conciliation, and divert
from their allegiance, the Christian populations which I
it is proposed to rally. Them is, therefore, no one
particular in which Turkey, notwithstanding copious
elements of vitality and strength, will at any future
pried be is a condition more efficient than at present :
on the contrary, its Christian subjects will inevitably
weaken or gradually dismember the empire
by opposition and rebellion, unless the
Porte be encourage to assume an attitude which
may repudiate in the eyes of the Christian popula-
tions that tacit vassalage to Russia, of which the
agents of the Czar inculcate the belief, and to which
the impolitic concessions of the Porte give currency and
colour. As to the personal character of the policy of
the cabinet of St. Petersburg, which is alleged in
palliation of the ignominious compliance to which
the l'orte has been persuaded, nothing can be more
absurd than to believe that a line of conduct followed
systematically since the ieign of the first Peters will ,

RAILWAY MEE TLNG.

BRISTOL AND EXETER.

A specitl meeting, convened by circular, of shareholders
in this undertaking resident in Bridgwater and its teiglas
tiourhood, was held at the Publi: Booms in that torn, for
the purp.lis of moosiderin; matters is conracsion with this
intern', of the mispany.
The chair was trken by .knnairas KINo, Esq.. who pre-
mnted to the meeting du following letter ism (emeriti
Sulivan, of Sandhill-park
"Sandbill.park, Taunton, Jan. 14. 19.;0.- Sir,—Being a
considerable shareholder In the Bristol and Exeter Railway,
and in conequence of the reports wnieh hare then in circa-
lotion as to the mismanagement of this lire, I think it
hghly desirable that the arryieg ateou: is should in in-
restlgalied by a gentleman competent as en seasintant and
siLlletl in railway accounts ; and I here there,ore to propose
to the meeting that Mr. Hutton, the (IRMA assignee of
Brieul, should be requested to undertoki such invest4ation
and to prepire a lutiO report similar to that cf the South
Devon, of which, lam sorry to say, I am a sbartbolder.
Nothing but meat si Tern ilicese prevents my attending the
meeting in person.—l have the honour to !se, &e.,
" Grottos JAMEd 81.1.1 VAN."
The letter having been read, a ansveriation cussed epos
the point rugeested in it wrong the shareholders pres:nt,
most of whom concurred ia tt • propriety of having an in-
visti,tation. At lenath the following resolutions were
adopted

"This meet toss, concurring with General Sulivan to the
detira 'trete of having a full invcatigati srs into the mattes
complained of by tome of shat eh -Wen,
hereby resolve the% in the opinion of this meeting,
Thomas Rennie Hutton, 8.q., of Brawl, it a
fit and competent paean to make such lusts-
tigation, and that he be r. quilted to tin tertake the
same, and particularly to inquire lobs the slicing tariff and
the rebates allowed thereon for carrying awl. entre. -ad
other merchandise on the Bristol sett Exeter Railway, and
to resort whether such tariff and rebate are or are not pre-
judi,tal to the company. Also to it.quire add report who-
!her the existing gems s in respect to the siding at
Welt-Leigh ; and also in respect to the Wing near the canal
at Taunton are bent tidal or not to the int. reins of the com-
pany, and generally to repot on .11 que.tit nil connected
therewith, and to communicate the result of his investiga-
tion to the chairman of this meeting." . _

A general wish was esprosed ti at the director-te sh,uld
facilitate the Übe= of Mr. Huttor, end the following was
likewise adopted. " ltesoltred,—Twit the dircet.•rt be
respectfully requested to furnirb Mr. Hutton with gar.% in-
formation, end to Ore him suck tocilitiis as he may requite
tot the purposes of the inv.stigation.

AMERICAN LUXURIES 'OR ENGLISH ETICCREs.—
The lovers of good eating in merry old Reg! mil used, in
former dap, to be dolorous in theta coneemohvion of the
distance of American da:ntip, and to lock upon many of
the juicy and will favoured viands d.rezibed by travellers u
things interdicted. Wile turkeys, canvas back ducks, and
geese redolent of gravy, provoked the appeite through the
imagination; but it was something for the epicure to sigh
over that he could not enjoy them without a voyage acmes
the Atlantic. In these days of speedy transit, no such
lengthened pilgrimage is necessary, tor, in cold weather, a
Passage of lit le more than a week orings hither meat, kept
in the chill air of an ice-house, not mole in p tr'ect condition,
but rather improved by the y .yoge. Tt- e fir famed canvas-
back ducks of America there dainty bin's which brother
Jonathan it went to defy the world to equal, have not Neon
uncommon of late on the tables of our norrehants We
ourselves had the pleasure of dining upon a braes et them a
week or two back, anti they were as sweet awl d licate as if
just taken from their native I,,:oing ground.. We cm state,
frAn xperient*, the* our Ameriesn Men's bay, not vaunted
the delicious qualities ef these t.rela without ample reason.
A friend of ours recently bad on his table a fine goose which
was purchased in the New York markt-, and brought hither
by one of the steamers. It was as eh ea if recently killed,
and cur friend, who boasts of hie pr. Rainey in the asstri••
noisily a s, deciand that Ile never parto. k of a gone al nu,
I:tisane,. excel!, at. American v. ninon hns long beck haws
on oar tables, but we have not yet braid of the wild:o6C
having been carved on an English board. Pitliapsioesii If .
our Mends in the United States will take Umbint.—Litor-
pool Tiwes.

IRELAND.

DriLW, JAN. 17.
FIRE IS A WOItKIIOUSE—LOSS OF
T WEN rY•NINE LIVES.
The Ci•rk .Ezentiser, latticed this morning, cm-
Mine the Wowing details of a disastrous oocturenoe
at Killarney, ono of the auxiliary workhouses in tit at
tows harks been consumed by fire, and another
having fallen in, killing about thirty of the unfortu-
tate inmates :
Out local reposer teas furnished as with some of the per.
Swann c oaected with the bussing of One branch weak-
hems, f innerly the Cell. ge, and the fall of a loft in another,
salad the Brewery, which cccurred in Killarney on Monday
hight. The trouscossees were indeed frightful, and have
visaged the whole district into gloom. 'lb. fin bunt out
sheet elcves o'cl.ck, when the cries of the wretched inmates
from the windows, toe assistance to *eve them from the coot*
terrible of all deaths, woes truly appalling. After ladders
had been practised, the wer kof rescue commenced mot nobly•
Every mast vied with his neighbour in kis efforts to lave
Protect at and esthete clergymen, magi train, eq-
uines., pubs, and pmsle—all did their .:sty. But the s-
wat yea • reported besot bus lives. The meat dreadful
part el the *mesluees, however, remains to be told. The cry
of " fire," end the livid glare of the flames, which forced it
way into the Brewery (branch-house), awoke the sleeping
child:es. Alarm for p treats, friends, and relabels, in the
other home mededistractios and coolants. They beheld
the bore* pile from the windows. In their Werner to go
lertit they rallied madly to the doors and windows, but they
INN locked or fastened. They then soudht as ummsd
ash kr*, purpose of egress ; but the rows planks gave
way. VV. melee were imetestaii h.Skd, and as sway store
frifteatfisily esublestref.
The lellowits is from a sorrespendent
KiLLAINIIIT, Lax. 16, 12•60.—This town was Ist night
the theatre et $ melancholy genes of events involving the
BoMmtios of human life to a very serious a-td deplorable
intent The capealous and healthful building, formerly
known as "Tao College," but tee months is the peueseion
Otis gumbos of the poor wan hospital, wee found to be
en fire at 10 o'clock. Sc Olranallly did the devouring el,.
!Mkt grapple with every sews et the stiles as to leave
• biteitenta heap et runs in about two hours after the
alarm was tint given. It oestaised 162 •she the
ineraisso, sad tine day Isom it 1. said, 15 of t 0412 sabolog.
Be sae, Oen tits humidity said suggest wee oinitted
the put of the onions to save Lis, end so aid mold be
nor, 'latent than that alLrded by Mr. DPLeen, the super-
intendeut al the Lunette Asylum, who pissed a Isnly et he
most sive as! saregcous masons at a ladder. sayieg to
es: of the eathillio prase, Hee. Mr.M•Donald—. 1 bodes
you Lae, Masan here, sir; hold by this lulder, and dept red
your list on Madden;" sad well tha Madden did Ms work.
Child after child descended mid cheers. On the other 1240,
the *Ash el the ballelingoratreurdieney tzar:ices were made
as behalf of the pzur sofferren, with aMenishing sae:rse.
With the excepti a of one girl, who fell amicentally, all
who could be retched landed safely. Dr. Murphy, the me-
dical officer of the poor-house, had a narrow escape hi hie
itsccslul ex•rtSin to save a veil'. The police, under
thou vary effieleut Sale Inspector Dabandeu, were most
neetal. The medisel eau of every gradv, and also the ca•
theta: rd yaotestaat clergy, were L 14411018 in their alien
ties to tte poor sufferers Meantime es the burning ad.
viand, ao Marla am raised in a ',mod militia, en/k-
-han., the brewery, tenanted by nurse and girls. They
could as the hre thatinatly, both being only a hew
Mier-red yards apart. They became clamorous that the
doersof the dormant's, ehold,l be unlinked, and as the pct.
eon its charge was in the net of doing to, a portion of the
Horne Ott which they stood gave way, hurryit g to instant
desire:ion to enty•seven growiug girls and two nurses.
Ones heart sickens at so aerial a cosmic, as this was proved,
and tied trust it may prove a wintery warning to all
parties who are instructed with the canvas cut
et the Poor Lew Act, as to the amount of etivi a and
fare trey are b:u• el to mercire in the selacttou of
batch wcrknousto In the present instance, and giving
every credit to the hums.. Wily of gaseleas of this mei as,
I tear math saficiet t cure was not observed with regard to
this ponies of the Brewery—beseans being the common pm.
eke trcna :Le dormitory to the open air, it should be in.
&tend that a constaot yet successive pre'soru would be upon
it, and this ought to have been provided far. B sides, if one
argued from the numb. TO who suffered hunt the (Ting is
el 11141ricketty concern, includlng those who lest their
lion end those who were more or less injured by true urea
of limb', con•usiour, &a, there c scud be no estraoini•
any irOISIBI4 Oa it. 1 baler* this manse, as well 24 the
ire at the College, was unforeseen--uale‘ked tor--one of
shore sahebs) which might have been prevented but was
weer autieipittd. I eanaot close this, remarks without
ammo' the conduct of Mr. P. Horsley, ; it was
Immune, considerate ; he felt es • man, and omitted nothing
that could contrtuute M this suisolatiou of the paor m-
onies indent..

A conditional order was granted in the Court of
Q Bricu to-day for a criminal iofirma.ion
against the proprietor of the !AIM n Erening Putt for
ptiolishing certain documeuts rnd arii-les relating to
the affair at Deaf. Brae, and which, it was enticed,
were caleolsted to prejudice the case of one John
Jordan, a publican at Magheramaye, who swears that
he I:p:eta to be iro.ccuted at the ensuing &salads for
the 'Art Lb (Oa to tart trazwaction. The documents
in vestion were e report of Mr. Berwick's investi-
gation, and Mr. Itedington's letter relative to the die-
m:a:l of Lord &Alen and the Messrs. Beers, and it is
clear that the prenecution is aimed against the govern-
ment, of which the Ereniny Post is deemed to be the
organ; the datum( nts, with the exception of leading
articles on the entject, being, more3ei r, official ones.
The Mail announces this evening that tine Marquis
of Downshire w.ll take the chair at the Rotunda
sheeting to-morrow.
The 11...lkonny Journal has the following on the
failure of the peotectioniat movement in that district
We OS Wee 11^t it L now rt, finitely de s-si led that we
are to lam no ...minty" meeting here. The prat, etiontst
retry ere afraid to show their play strength; fur they
Ithe, a wet how they wonli be treated. The petition, tie-
sew' feat, eoantag, plasmic, end wo.l hawked est it ir, lag
ne.isad as 'ray ttcoaragiae support; nisny of the teens
hresitrs, Omelet highly pressed by all sad every deserip'i. a
ef a. act., pets ye/web" eaderstrappere, erevere, and bailiffs,
ream to yet their asses to it; and Lord D. sort and his
ideals will set date to take the man vet a e.unty meeting
ape% their dolga.
The Newry Examiner says :—" We are very much
pleased to tad that Lord Dufferin and Claneboys has
been raised to the Brtish peerage nutter the title of
Baron Claneblye. We understand his elevation arises
from the circumstance of his being a stanch supporter
of the extension it the Irish friuichke. The Wen is
a grandson of It. B. Meriden."

ENCUMBERED ESTATES COMMISSION,
At the sitting of the Encumbered Beers. Commis-
eisayestreday (Wednesday), the Chief Commiesioner (Barn
Riche/as) ansonaced the following directions of the court
with refereses to caws Ia which absolute orders for isle had
hem mode
Tee petty laving the carriage of the proceedings shall,
within these days after obtaining the absciate order for sale,
serve a notice upon the owner, or the pe non upon whom the
service of the conditotal order was substituted, the receiver
over the property (if any), and on such parties as have
entered appearances by their attorneys, and es nth other
persons as he may believe to possess the required
galling upon them, within ten days from the service
of a eh u•nite, to furnish such information, and to produce
to the CUSDOkilliontfll sue It deeds, leans, counterparts of
leases, rasps, rum ye, statement of title, and other docu-
motto reletlog to the lands to be sold, or to the charges
thereon, as may be is their custody or power ; and
stctieg that is case of refusal or d. clia!ng so
do, and
is courrgae ace thereof an application to the clesionen
there.ore shill become neoeseary. Such notice will be made
us- cite order to the the patty so refining or declining with
the mots of •uch application. At the expiration of ten days,
limited by the above nixie, the party Win./ the cowboy,
am arousal, 'ball, without unnsecwary delay, prepare and
lay be', ei the commissioners a general state men' of facts. to
be swift d scooning to the bet of his information and be-
lief, sod derai.ing, to far as he may be enabled to do, the
IF Ter4 &wont...stiles of the lands to be sold, with the *en-
able emirate of each, and he pa • r law electoral diviaoa is
which they an respectively urinate, the number of tenants
thereon, dietiArniabine thaw who hold under leases from'
dine who feed as yearly tenants; sin whether there be a
court rue tat r over any and what patios thereof, the per on
or p teens who an in pont sin of the title deeds, tenants'
leases an.. agreements, or c•ninterpir s thereof, rental, sur-
vey, or rwesent Of title 'if say), or other documents re-
indeer to the Prolortf or to the charges thereon, and sock
°Ler iafonaation as may enable the comendwil here to give
the riga:site direction fee pier ed n!s, • rrlimic 37 to the
toting for rale, peirs.ant to the 24th Oi. oral Rule ; such
statement to be acamspaWsd with the index or eke Ordnance
piney of the I.nda to be es Id, sad thereupon the commis-
Cons re sill 'oak such orders sad direst such proceedings as
they easy mind. r aseewrary and advisable. In order to
nhvis'e the delay and expense of obj. rinse made by tenants
sensed wpb souse, pursuant to the 13:h General Rule, the
petty / wiles earri,ree of the proceedings shill, in caw he
have not andlciont information to enable him to make out a
fall and e•Wof rental end schedule to sseh notice, serve •
pit U•it.llM •Olioe, to be directed to the tenant* upon each
towalend lespeadvely, according to a form to be annexed to
the pea, d document, er as near thereto as the circus-
steam oh .1131 ow; such node* to be served by posting the
a aces Ih- t dual plac, for posting action wider the Grand
Jury A:cs, sod 01 delivering ctpies thereof to the Prat-stint
and R met OM Italie cis Town, if they should be willing to
awls the mac and also by serving e dpi s then of at the
reddens. of the the, • principal tenants on each
In a great rune) r of came the court ht.( aide absolute
or ten for sales, ant whores rthey bad done so they
_expected
that the part) who had obtained the order should
with all frown del* expedition and Memos to bring
e