The Express.
London, England, 1857-10-16 00:00:00

INDIAN MUTINIES.

ARRIVAL OP ?RI OVIRLARD NAM

We have eatived by overload RNA till WmWee.
est lettan sod aleeboo Watts to 11.101 k Madras
the lith, end Bombay 17th of Soplesihme.

The ftgleajag lathe editorial review of tAe Bengal
Hark-are of Sept. 9:
" Seventeen days have glided by Mace the lest
m il left Calcutta, and, if we have no great suc-
magi to record, there are at least nortesh massacres
to whine em far as we know, Ihlhi has not yet
been taken, and censiely laiskretots get unrelieved.
Mrs holds "1' "lee' thank'
though the :Tino-
s..sib., it is not threat--;
sph seems abseged with tlunder, the storm has
not woken sat streak during the last fortnight In
any pert of the disturbed elatricts.
„ vibe, the last mad eft we were entering upon
the Mohurrans--tbst semen during which the Ma-
hoetedensoften week steamelvesup into ungovernable
fury. Thanks to de precautions forced
..upon the
et the dreaded week has tided over
rwwithrrae.-' „.—t ~-leit attempt at disturbance or incur-i
rectioo. Meenehie every eye has been turned upon
Lech end tut heroic countrymen there who
have., hag dreaded their position against enorm
„ma Their fate has been trembling is the I
hums,. or the 10th July last, intimation was
COMnerd ta government that their provisions Wen
eameisst na Nippon them for six weeks. This
b them up to the 22nd August. That
day, , approached, and there were no signs
• rehef. Bat Cameral Havelock, though he failed
in ha, attempt about that time to relieve Lucknow,
so hr imosseded that he drew the besiegers upon his
mall tome, 'lbis enabled the beleaguered garrison
to make a sally, which was not only successful as to
the destractim of the enemy, but enabled them to
king in a fwther amount of bullocks—safficient for
seem three weeks' cansamption. It was than calcu- ,
latei that del could hold out up to the 9th or 10th
of September, and it was hoped that reinforcements,
museisting of the 6th Fusiliers and 90th Foot, would I
reach Cavapore at the latest on the Id idem, and thus
easily enable General Havelock to effect the relief of
the gawieon before the 9th. There is, however, an
old adage that too many cooks spoil the broth. Sir
Colin Campbell had net been allowed at that time to
take his mat in council, and he. therefore, could ex-
ertion no effect's' control ever the movements of the
troops. These movements were in fact sebjected to
the control and caprice of men who ought never to I
bare been allowed- to meddle with them. Colonel
Birch, the Military Secretary; Mr. I. P. Grant, Ob-
street/et General in the Central Provinces ; General
Outrun, and the officers commanding at Diaspora
mid Rename, had all ' fingers in the pie, and thei
result was that the two regiments on reaching
Minapore were called back to Dinapore, and
then sent on again in the Minapore and Ala
habad direction. It is but fair to General
Outran to add that letters recently received assert
that the recall was in no way his deed, and that he
disapproved of it from the first. Be that as it may,
the subjeet is one which demands a searching in-1
tkairy, and the pose-maim of high office either in the
civil or in the military department should not be I
allowed to screen the culprit. A delay of ten days
was by this mismanagement caused at a most critical
period. and., but for the marked intervention of Pro-
vidence, must have proved fatal to our countrymen
at Lucknow. Happily, however, another opportunity
presented itself for making a sortie. This time it was
attended with greater success than ever. More than
one hundred of the enemy were blown into the air
by a mine •, a 24-pounder gun which had greatly
annoyed them was spiked, and large 'applies of pro-
visions were secured. The garrison now consists of
about 300 men, of whom 130 are in hospital; then
arc also about SOO women and children, who ham
gone through all the dangers and hardships of the
siege, certain (for the fate of the Cawnpore garrison
had reached them) of a cruel death if compelled by
famine or any other cause to surrender. We may
now almost look upon their relief as secure:
humanly speaking, it is quite so. General Oatrant,
with 1,300 men of the 3th Fusiliers and 70th, was at
Allahabad on the let instant; they were expected'
at Cawnpore on the 11th. There they would
find General Havelock with eleven hundred men
and twenty guns, some of them of large calibre, and
a strong conviction was felt that such a force urged
on with determination would be sufficient to overcome
the opposition, a rest as it was likely to be, waiting
for it on the Lueknow road.
From Delhi we receive cheering intelligence:
the insurgents had commenced lighting amongst
themselves, and the King had transmitted a secret
message to Mr. Colvin, offering to give in, provided
he was replaced in the potation he occupied before
the revolt. It is to be hoped that this offer woe
rejected with scorn, bat the government have acted
so strangely on so many ocesemos, that no act of
theirs, however fraught with folly, would surprise
the public. (hie army occupied an unassailable
position before Delhi, and had been largely
reinforced by the moveable column, consist-
ing of her Majesty's 52nd, and a wing
of the 61st with some Sikh corps under
Brigadier-General Nicholson, a young soldier,
but one marked out for distinctions. Shortly after
his arrival in camp the Neemach and Bareilly muti-
neers made a strong effort to attack our forces in
rear. General Nicholson was sent out against them
with his diviaioo, and completely defeated them,
capturing twelve pieces. It is believed that the
final assault epee the imperial efty will not be much
longer delayed. Sir Cohn Campbell, it is rumoured,
has sent up orders to make short work of them, and
General Wilma is not the man to retard the execu-
tion of such an order a single hour. In connexion
with the siege of Delhi it way be stated that Mr.
Greathcd, late Conimimioner of Meerut, had received
instructions to try and ascertain from the wounded
Sspoys or &eerier, the real cause of the revolt. In
every case the reply was the same—' The cartridge.'
It is now evident to all that the insurrection is of
Mahoenedan origin, that it was moat skilfully
planned and widely spread, that the annexation of
Dude placed a weapon in the hands of the leaders of
the insurrection of which they moat ably avail.'
themselves, and that the cartridge was the real
instrument with which the Mahomcdans worked
upon the credulity of the Hindoo. Many landowners
and nobles were concerned in the plot, and almost
all the native civil functionaries; oo fact has been
more clearly establish.' than that our government
has no hold on the affeztions of the cultivators of the
soil. le India. as in France, the soldier is the
representative of that class, and scarcely an in-
stance can be recorded of their having remained
faithful to their European misters. As evidencing
the opinions of the natives themvehree on the sub-
the following distirh, composed by the King of
Delhi, who was always proud of hie pretensions to
be ranked as a poet, may be quoted
" " The mighty English, who boast of having sub-
dued Boom and lien, have been vanquished in India
by a single cartridge.'
" The province of Behar, and the districts around
the cities of Rename, Patna, and Mireapore, are
still in an unsettled state, but in all of them the
Mohurrom passed without any decided manifesta-
tion of insurrection. At Br mires, indeed, an
impregnable fortress has been erected near Raj Ghat
on the batiks of the river, and commanding the
whole city, so that the smallest demonstration weld
be most effectually quelled. That city is them/ere
safe. Patna, too, has continued quiet; that it has
remained so is due entirely to the exertions of Mr.
William Taylcr, who overawed the natives by a
judicious course of hanging. Our readers in Eng-
land will not be surprised to hear that these sum-
mary bat most necessary proceedings led to his re-
call and disgrace by the ;fete government which he
represented. The question of the appoishamit
of his suecessor, with a native Mahone'm
as his assistant, has been fully discussed
In the press. Its workings have yet to be
seen ; we earnestly hops they may not be such as we
anticipate. Mr Grant, whom a b/Pment as Lim.'
bensat-Governor of the tkatrml Provinces was de-
nounced by the pries at the time, has arrived at
Bemires : he has there shut Weigelf in solitary

grandeur. drawing his enormous salary and rsA
to see anvone. It is imagined that his native per.
tialities Aare made him afraid to trust himself
emoliget the European troops in their pram'
temper. If liberty of expression of opinion eon
sot exercised under Lord Canning's tide at the risk
of rule to the innocent proprietors of newspapers, we
should here, in fitting language, record our opinion
of the manner is which the affairs of this empire are
being still conducted. We can at least point to
facts, and we invite the attention of all classes
of our countrymen to a document emanat-
ing from the Governor-General of India in
in which the utmost leniency of treatment
is enjoined towards those con who have murdered
ow vim= sisters, and children under the most tim-
elines eireamstances, and treated them with the

mart oriel barbarity: No concern whatever has
hoes egress& for our unfortunate countrymen and
eountryweseew ; the government has not contributed
one rupee to their relief ; all their sympathies seem
to be with the natives, and their line of policy pre-
vents the appearance of the native army, commanded
by Mesars.lialliday, Birch, Beadon, and I. P. Grant,
fighting against European invader:. That this con-
duct has a very natural effect upon every one in the
country is only what might have been aapeeted.
Our soldiers are placed between two enantes, and
although they dash against the Is with =-
paralleled fury, they feel not the slighted lore for
the men who treat them and their countrymen as
natural enemies.

" Sir Colin Campbell, it is believed, will leave fbr
the north-west in about a month, and, taking up Ha-
velock's fame, will open direct communications with
Delhi. There are several first-rate °Sears in Calcutta
waiting for employ, who will be glad toacconipany
Meanwhile, but oat wish pervades India, superior to
every ether—that Lord Ellenbonsugh will be sent
out armed with supreme power.
"The past fortnight his been one of almost on-
cqaalledpressare in the money market, the Bank of
Bengal having refused to discount Court of Direc-
tor.' bills with more than sixty days to run, or te
make and renew loans upon government paper to
the other banks. The immediate came of these
steps is believed to be the crippled position the Bank
I Directors find themselves in by having advanced to
&large extent upon Compinyym.umper, without reserv-
ing &sufficient margin, to ors and others who
have left the Bank in the arch with the paper, not
being able to take up the loans or to pay, the differ-
ent* between what it is really worth and the amount
advanced upon it by the Bank. We leave our
readers to judge of the wisdom and ability which
governs the Bank of Bengal, and which
has produced such a state of things. We
have since heard that two of our local banks who
held a large amount of Court of Directors' bills, find-
; ing them inconvertible into ash, applied to the
government to pay them under discount, which has
been granted under the special circumstances, and
will no doubt afford some relief to the fair-trading
public whose interests have been so ruthlessly men-
, deed by the directors of the Bank of Bengal to the
I speculator, and jobbers in Company's paper.
" Exchange opened at 2-21 for first class 6 months'
sight bills, and in consequence of the pressure in the
money market advanced to 2-31, but closes a trifle
easier."

The following is from the summary of the Bombay
Times. Sept. 17 :
" The Indian revolt has not, daring the last fort-
night, been marked by any very stirring events, and
neither of the contending parties bas gained any
decisive advantage over the other. The Britiah
forces throughout India have been inactive, awaiting
reinforcements before striking the final blow, which
will crush the hopes of the mutineers. On the
whole, however, our prospects may be considered
cheering; for while the rebels have obtained no
fresh accession, we have had considerable accessions
of strength by the arrival of fresh troop', both in
Bombay and Calcutta. When these reinforcements
reach the seat of war in the disturbed provinces
our armies will be enabled to resume offensive opera-
tions and bring affairs to a crisis.
" General Havelock, who had recrossed the Ganges
after his =successful attempts to relieve Lucknow,
rested for a few days at Cawnpore, his troops having
been much crippled by sickness. On the 16th of
August the force marched towards Bithoor, where
a large body of the enemy, about 4,000 in number,
with two guns, was posted. They occupied a
strong defensive position in a village to the west of
Bitboor, which they desperately defended. Have-
lock's force mustered 1,300 men, with about
14 guns. The right wing was towards the
Ganges, and the left on a deep nullah crowed
by a bridge. After an obstinate engagement, in
which the enemy lost 2JO killed and wounded,
they were driven from their position and fled in
confusion, leaving their guns behind. In this com-
bat the British troupe lost about 14 killed and 30
wounded, besides some of their baggage. After the
action Havelock't force retired towards Cawnpme,
where they arrived on the 20th of August, aft aer
harassing and fatiguing march, during which they
suffered severe privations, which were patiently
borne by our gallant soldiers. Cholera had made its
appearance among the men, carrying off 10 or 12
daily, but the mvagesof this epidemic had since begun
to abate. The medical arrangements in the camp,
owing to gross neglect on tie part of the Bengal go-
Ve rnment, are very defective, so that it is not surpris-
ing that so much sickness should have prevailed.
The greatest carelessness seems to be exhibited in
looking after the health of the soldier., and even
those on gene°. n duty in such stations as Alla-
habad and Iknares are not supplied with proper ac-
commodation. If this state of things is not remedied
in time the troops on their way from England may
be decimated by sickness on their arrival, and we
shall thus have a repetition of Crimean horrors. An-
other instance of mismanagement was the delay
which occurred in sending reinforcements to Cairn-
pore, as the regiments proceeding up from Calcutta
were detained many days at Dinapore, while it was
well known that the garrison of Lneknow were in
imminent peril. The various corps were also broken
up into detachments, which are scattered over the
country to guard unimportant stations, instead of
acting unitedly against the main body of the insur-
gents. This mischief has been crested by allowing
the civil servants to interfere in the disposal of
troops—a system which caused all the blunders of
the .tffghac campaigns, and the disasters which fol-
lowed at Cabut. While General Havelock has barely
1.:40 men to cope with the large masses of the
insurgents in Oude, about 8,000 British troops are
dispersed over the lower districts of Bengal,
where they can be of no assistance to our cause.
Since the arrival of Sir Colin Campbell, however,
a greater degree of energy seems to have been in-
fused into the priceedings of the Exeeative, and
troops are being pushed forward to Cawnpore as
rapidly as possible. General Oatram arrived at
Allahabad on the Ist of September, with her
Majesty's 6th Fusiliers, 90th, and a company of
Artillery. With this force he hoped to reach Cawn-
pore on the 9th inst. The details of her Majesty's
64th, 78th, 84th, and let Madras Fusilier* would
follow on the arrival of Captain Peel and his Naval
Brigade at Allahahad. Sir James Outram had
eommuniented his arrangements to General Have-
lock, who had in reply stated his perfect confidence
in his being able to effect the relief of Lucknow
with these reinforcements. General Outratn had,
with characteristic generality, announced to General
Havelock that to him should be left the glory
of relieving Lucknow, for which be had so nobly
struggled, and that it was his intention to accompany
the farce in his civil capacity only, placing his milt-
' I tary services at the disposal of General Havelock, if
necessary. General Havelock was to make arrange-
' ments for the force to move forward from Cawne
on the arrival of the reinforcements. The rebels
have assembled on the Oude side of the rivet, oppo-
site to the British camp, in great numbers, and have
thrown up a battery.
• " The garrison at Lacknow, although reduced to
great straits, are bravely holding out, and will no
doubt do so until relieved by General Havelock. For
some time the situation of the beleaguered garrison
was believed to be desperate, and the worst fears
were entertained regarding their fate, as no tidings
had been received from them. Letters have since
been received, stating that the perils= of Luck-
now had communicated with General Haveleek, and
advaedlilin not to run any risk in attempting So mi-
lker them, as they had provisions enough for six
months ; that the attacks of the enemy were beams-