The Express.
London, England, 1850-06-19 00:00:00

GROWTH
Mr. 111101 IT,

silmoVe.
rnibm for •
row* death's
Tint on bumble
Wen; to mold
the of ades which p
country. sad to recent
allot the techoeilsdr

the, Wei Winton

~:. ~:,r.

fie said—l feel ems. . _
chlts
it I should oder say apology Ma/laglsl ace
am
seder i s cocsideraties to-eight. It may seem eat of
to oder say nmervatiese essaing to show UM 011
the trade to whisk I refer, mad yet 1 Walt that I should
fail le In ise the fns *soon of the modes ihrlikh I ben M
minas if 4 di ass OM beset to ands naiad what is
etthe maguitade the eskjest lam now about M being soder
its consideration. The metes mode twins, dare*, mod
iedireetly, probably net Ism this two million id the Mo-
nti= of the Untied 11.1agdes, whit on sateen et segnal las
pester them eau be Nand sugewed *away ether massfeetur-
ise trade is the Uaited ffierteme. The whole Impart of
cense kite this sesatey, at the emasseerneat of the
reseal sentary, Ina set mere than atry-de sal
less of potted*. Sims then it has *.,mood
my rapidly, until 1819, ekes the animal imported
reached the eaarrawas quaatity of 764 mibesse ef posses.
New, it is es some cossequesse to observe wham
emus this gnat suppl (Beer, hear.) Our sup
plin thee are draws, 1. the Int ismenses, hos the
United States of Amends; meseadly, is point of TZAIth
best the British posseedess is ladle; thirdly,
empire a Brasil; muddy, frost Baps; sad fifthly.
the West ladies The nimaddes se beseght say he Mk
dew* la Ms ninnies. Taming the Manna of the Ise'
fin Foam the United Bodes banished 784 per seat. of dae
u.S.. smossmed to this essatry ; the But loan. 1041 par
emits and. 7 per amt.; Bond. 3; Pot mt. •ma lee •
WM hides, say pmmis is nat.; hat if we btahrt
• igyptiae grows se wee* twigs ft 1111116 is pia
• Wee as Beat Wiest, bided ef bong 34 per each, we
may fairly set it dews at 7 per nat. Is value. (Bear,
hear.) It we look to the Menem that is takiag plus, Ia
the imports from Wes several muntries, we will find that it
le very great from the Untied States, rather limited from
tbee Isdian possession, my tonsbierable from Bgypt, sta-
tionary sr, near& Brasil, whilst from the West lodise it
has almost Idles to Betides. What I wish to direct men
ties to is this—that we dedn 784 oar sent. of our raw
mated d from the United States ; and although the increase of
redwing there has bees very rest. yet the rep is m fleets•
stlag that the settee trade of teas sessay periodically same
gnat eiffeultin and embarrammesto hem the red et
mesa tad ionalcieney et @apply. Men, beer.) Te give
the house en idea of theme fluctustieme I MB /eta refer to a
few facts. la 1838 the crop was 1.889.81110 bola • is 18644
it was 2,700,000 bales, and is 1849 it did icet nand
2,000 000 hales—vasylag thee 700.000 bales la sae year, or
two stacessin crops, whisk is squirmiest te a fang off of
26 per cent., and iavolviag a great iscreses In the ass el
the raw material, as weir as kiwis. &ben short time to
the working dame, drift snow simile, and, in fact,
'goat lo • to the mosafeeranr, n well as to the
ves engaged is the ihoterise. (Bear, hear.) Theme is
point very impsthist le be obeened,.asseely. whilst
die esseastrion of cacaos heo boss Istresses here is this
esuatry, it lass also bees isereedeg to a rest extent es the
esstinent, se also is the United Mass of I was set
a little etartled by discovering the feet that the tinted Stotts,
is 1849, sessumed a largt r quantity of Mtn' ties the
whole growth of the States produced is 1824. TIN Vaned
Stun are sow snag a lame qmatity d eettes than
ere were in 1824 ; and I therefore thiak theme fasts are mill
list to iodine me to ring before the notice of the Moo
the great strides that are tsklsg plass is the Milted ;
sad ale, the important feet that, whilst this power of ems-
ensgthen is going is over the fete ef the world, the pewee
glesiastion of the raw material is sot keepiag pass with is.
(boe, hear) Some may thiak it of very little sesssokossos
whether cotton be den or cheap, supposing that the 11=11-
(admire have it in their power to raise the pries of the
manufactured article ; but when it is borne in mint that ea
en advance of • penny is the p sad in the oosesisptios
of last year the submitted coot reached nearly 3 000,0001.,
sad that on an adv.ince of 3d. Is the pound by reams
of the short crop of last year the increase will be between
8,000,0031. and 9,000,0001. sterling, the house will en that
the esseaniesse of such Menem of eon mast teed to limit
the ociannaption of articles if mann f acts re , sad invoke the
trade in difilmaltiee sad embarreaments. (Rear.) With
. _

regard to the exports of cotton, I filet the total semen of
this country set down at 63,040,000 i. sterlingoef which the
corns trade furnished an amount of 26,000, or 42 per
cent 01 the whole amount of the exports of the country.
(Hear, hear.) Such being the state of things, the house, I
trust, will not blame an for lunging forward this greet
questam, which occupier much of the attention and mini-
&ration of the people of the county with which I
em ednaected. (Hear, ism.) Well, then, we look
about to ascertain from whence we an to have an ade-
quate supply. In Australia the population is not large,
and the on: of 'shim is very high; and although the
climate may admit of growing cotton, tnere is no probability
wean receive from that colony any supply maculated to
alter our condition. (Rear, hear.) Vintners is the calmly
of Natal, and with reference to that colony a gentleman
within the last week gave to the Chamber of
Commerce is Manchester some very valuable informs-
don as to the growth of anion there, he himself having
plows 60 bales of excellent quality. (Hear, hear.) But the
itsropean populati n is email, and the native population does
sot exceed 100,000, whilst there is little capital or productive
power; so that whatever may be chile in inture, nothing can
be hoped for from that colony for some time townie. The West
Indies, is the years from 1810 to 1812, furnished et
the rate of 60,000 bales per annum, but taking the last flee
years they did not sap ply more than 8,000 bales per annum;
sad, indeml, it might be said that the growth of cotton in the
West Indies is extiaguishesi. (Hear, bear.) There has
been an attempt mad* t, revive it; bet it would only be de-
luding the house did I say that 1 tar a moment thought the
early growth of cotton there would make up for the deficiency.
(Hear, hear.) Then it manes to this—where are we to turn
Tu our li...sessions in India. (Hear, hear.) I think there
are ?WWII to stow that then we should be sunessfuL
(Hear, hear.) India has always grown minis, as a refe-
rence to history will show. (Hear.) As Its' ago as 303 years
bask a celebrated traveller reported on the growth of cation
then, and at this moment there is reason to believe that
within the limits of our Indian territory a quantity
of cotton is grown, which dine not fall very far short of
the produce of the whole states of America. (Hear, hear.)
Now we some to this fact, that up to this moment there
have bats no planks, notwithstanding all the attempts of
government to encourage the 'Fenn of cotton, not by de-
pressing other branches of industry, but by example,
mid by encouraging and stimulating by the legitimate
means open to them. (Hear, hear) Well, there
has been no result ; and therefore 1 want to know
if we, the committee of this house, the East India Company,
and the members of the Manchester Chamber of Commerce,
are all mistaken in our notion on this matter ? (Hear.)
If we are not mistaken, then I ask the hoses what is the
next step to be taken? I know not whether the govern-
ment will grant this commission or not bet if not,
they are bound to show they have some clear ground
ea which they net their opposition to It ; they are boated
to show they have some other proposition that will be as
effectual as that which I now propose. (Hear, hear.)
lam disposed, is inquiring why we do not Import cotton
fram Imam to look as the mathtios of the people there.
In looking at the condition of a people, you may
mace their-laws sad institutions, tad argue from that con-
dition whether the cirews-- lef the government or ad-
a

mialswation ars revenzahle or _ IN the of
that people. Meer. hem.) There ens hit my,
ow
be too well knout or ileo is
frequently reltmeesii—samal
that the militias of the seltivatiag popahades of India is
by a rams satishelary; god that it Is see of mums,
abject. sod ahem ached poverty. (Hear.) I wish the
house to has this In Wad, if they will only condescend to
follow Ilbe through the lins of argument and illustration I
interact to ma is sommisa with h. (hm, bear.) I never
at au individual aomelased with the maditien of India
who denied that the modhisa of the sultivatiag population
wee uneatietactory ; sad se I have asver Ma in that country
I therefore shall entreat the louse to listen to the opinions
of thou who have been, end to take their evielenee, not my
statements, u the truth end feet. of the um, (Hew, far.)
Mr. Bright read the testimony of limaraohaa Roy, and va-
rious writer', including one of the America& planters seat
out by the But India Comm, to the depressed condition
of the peasantry of India, the Ma of the landed aristocncy,
sad the inactions tio mom of the goverment
" The poverty of the people," Mr. &bora said, " was vast
biped belief." TM ripen of the whet ermines of 1848
stated that the ealtivatese in the mews tiliMsleb la the west
and south et India were In the met Gijon sndities, depend-
ent isms mousy-leaders,wheeztorted 40 se 50 per am, and
wnlaasd priers at their will. He Anna that the tummy
mow mad* by the gemeaset d bike, to enable the
Mil to Very oa cultivation, astenaled he no less than
r. then reseeded to sbow, from
=ient=ties M,
the= is the 'sternal cometalce.
lime In India, and the deisimey of artificial irrigation,
whielt skim he theimlitjwilifisd the istectireees of parlia-
ments. Balm was einefew sabiest less vitt* a dan-
gers@ of 'pinks prevailed, siriasly. the had 1111110111 Mil arse
the MAO In which it VW Infra. Boseminelardit,
that,
tegoventsent being the lawdlerd, amennisotwas rent;
t he waded that the gmerament bevies the power et
Multrersilay liaise its mourn arid if enforcing lie MI Ml= to
the Ma of the ealthater, it was widely distimmished has
what we called rem. I will aro (said Mr. Bright)
g:ile the 'Mame of the Itemarable amber tor
(Kr. ), gives Were the onandttes ia
11111. Ile was q se to the animal which the
It 'mimeo hid impended is a series of wen epos
titsea es these to whim\ I ham wined. He
ielat tie asessat has IMAM 1148
NedsZrads. end hr infamies pets down
et 1. whereas it ewers hes the rills-
lim•ver7 Perm that the per mime derived in
Mee nem the people et India diarist *a
..teml
Mlwas upwards of 11114.000.0001. MOM. (sm.
New, so tar with regard to the question et inter-
est impe_essesats, I hiak I have at any me made eat a
mu maim is worthy ef the Mentim of parliament. as
I spies Met no amissilinel matey ma prosper which
Iwo met pot hillides el seminnairetim, se as to be able to
what it modem to the Mt markets and to what it
:at Ohs shape* rates hem ether aaeis s,(Kw,
But goal reeds wmet of themselves imillek at to
et Maio, or Wm a
gysilgT istt to
Nizeld ;re Mg a periedatirlinas beef
maw the
_ihe hems is Pesti *pea Milli then
mere 04 %Ws% Amok 11:e President of the
Boast of Ossand am the meetan of the East ladle
Comma, will whew Ask that thin ere as
may able aid MIS to be hind es

ob.. _
aw.r.----
wiles
between.„ Ode lead sol we ... not.
Is as dewiest do eldiellien -.inegbansee, mad
gailleelliesve ewes the motive itelleateee bete Ike payee
O foe end wls* eeddvedere wbo de see pay Ytie
et their anownsat: TIN Zest Isellak Gawp
it lets land moos will no coopetllies. 714 Waste
mon base tbe leak hr Soto le tie etliee =seta ei
s livlog. TM bermes sot Is ely soma of neat=
he tends Is peolshis he *ll bo able to get,
and ees so dS IMO Moe esiketor does pressed to the
tome pia ef eadeveiell 1 (Hear, bear.) Ide not akar&
tee Sat lons Osetpoir nick warbles the new to do
slaws sagest that It b visible to week it ; I ea oely es.
le *MI 1111 mem Noy be, eel I feat
= M trey
bites weelood. (Sena have.) Oa this sebiest I
wIS Woe to the rodents of Never three weseeees who
woo emenleed before die esonelibee Is MIL I will Ant
MOM' to tbstfid Mr. George Mow, who wee s saleable foe
14 rms. .Nis el: Mimi* liestee. Speaking of the
reomniessl/111elt he eft" Weald* the teat used wee note
Yen *sold be sallestid, II• sap:

Pseenatrandleg Ole fradider as short mirk M.) the ralse
bare boss so MP tre ran flee Mtn the Orr MiNselt=
Ile neumme; Jed there bar been large wilsesaiag
hews beau whirs sherwarde, thle Ism* sprees le
"I la writ I have rem
g. mays he sever ksew a owe " where • ass advaseed
Meal( solely by caltivesion of the lend—eats for
a time whoa he had *caw land rest free, or
eery lightly assessed, which be threw up when
the foil charge was pat awe it." This wither
added that es retuning to Ouserst, after an abase"
of fourteen leers, be baud that the wealth al the ishabiteate
W fallen of Mr. Crawford, a gentleman of the highest
thwarter, formerly a asenhaat la Bombay and a sneaker ed
the Booby -'--trios, and now resident it Look" nap
" The members of the coaiadtwe were of opiates the tan wee
too high in Oaant, Yd that it interfered with the growth
of saes." Mr. W who had been 21 sere is liedia
as a solleetar, we, asked whether the ultieWe
of the animas was left to the colleetor ? He replies : "Of
sour • they (the people) menet 'tarry their petit; it is left
entirely to the diecarion of the solicitor to fin the aroma is
reference to the costa's' of the troantry." Of coarse it le not
to be supposed that the collector word be 'Windy onsinpt
from the influence of public opinion; bat that thick cote
not, I her, operew moth ia la. The witness rya, The
prosperity of a whale district madly derails upon the
peesosel qualileatiosa of the egos, asosolitag it."
When the aesewasent wee greatly reduced, he says,
"The ineproneseate wdett"graeral, rapid, and murk.
able, la "owe platys almost changing the face of tocatry,"
I would new ask the house te limas to a "tamest of Mr.
Davie, • Wismar in a diarist in the pension of Ouserat—
which le the largest producing distort. Ia a report made
by hie to the Busboy Cosaission in 1847 he gives a tabu-
lar statement of the 11111111111111111 from 1835 to 1847, sad he
shows that, taking the whole thirteen years, sad sal=
the vales of the earn at twopence and 67th. per
the following is the remelt ;
13 years-1133 to LW
Valle of cotton M.ll.7tlns a purse of frisk ligi4-01101,kal
purr at take, de. fr., at 111 per coot of rats
Tatou hut pars of cuts.:—
Woo of alms cry id. per lb., Navel preen, is. 41d.--wf
wire /overruns Uwe Go. 3443, cot more ths• el per sew.
The worst poor or the arks:-
1311-42.—V0100 of oottna lid., 'mai produce, la bdrMwh b
parrateent tare ts. 3td., or me,' Moo 73 for mei
Or, Ir mottos be lid. per lb., where le only a ub easehliesi the
'overarm& rentword ke el per tem. _

A ltregalt is equal to kW as Hagfish sew. Mr. Serwart,
enactor I. Surat, shows that tie severeness took more
than GS per cent. of the tens produce. Ik. Davies
states farther, that in the six years, 1840 to nee, ha was
obliged to make remissions cf semeameste which could sot
be colisated, amounting to 113,0001 ; that then were
written off irrecoverable haleness amemosing to 81,0001.
With regard te the taxation of Malabar I may remark that
I have here the lodger of five parishes of that district, In
which the tails Ixed epos every jack tries, may eicem-hat
tree, end every hone in airman proportion. These sat
trees which have am begun to base are not charged • thee
watch are plot bearing are also exempted; nil when etl
these sensate particulars of maaagement me lilt to **five
collectors, who are paid most load. quail teladth elect woo
are of necessity subjected to certain iufimene.es Mellish men
so situated are maturity liable, the famehles, the in-
equality, and the extortion prattled seder thiamin", mast
be seen at I cannot adequately deicer's., and the
house could hardly credit. Here m • paper whin was
drawn up by one of thew motive collecton—a paper
furnished to Lim by Mr. Grose, who was some year ego,
sad may be still, a eullector In the district of Malabar.
From tens it appears that there are 18 or 19 kens Ia the
Iscale or charges toe a jack tree and for other trees. Tae as-
tire collector, going to ass award or garden, is to fix the
tax oa the trees within its limits, cud, as every tree i.. t, be
charged, the bows will see how impossible it is that any-
thing like proper control should be sx 'fried over the east
army of siollcetore opined over the presideney of Madras
There is in this paper a distinction between moist or irri-
gated load and dry land ; is for, the distension are mul-
titudinous, and I am quite sure every one mum
admit that such a system of taxation requires alter.
stun. (lieu, hear.) I admit that there may be a
difference of uphill's% se the subject of the fisml system
of Lade, but the more I admit that, and the more the
house adopt my view, the more justified am I in asking the
limns to great the if-spiry he which I am about to move.
If the mode of warmest be as bad as these wit-
theses have described it to be, the sooner there
is an inquiry the bettor; if, as the other hand,
I am mistaken in my Mew, along with away others, the
sooner toe 'mistake is corrected the better. Well, sow, I
I come to the objections whin I soppy.* it possible that the
right hon. gentleman, the President of the Bard of Trade,
may offer to this motion. I will assume that he thinks in.
quirt' sinnecoseary. I hope he will mot say that the best
course would be for the :herniate of Manchester to go over
themselves or to send somebody to India to buy cotton.
When we have advanced so far in COolilardal mature, I
think no one will get up and suggest such a remedy as
that. Why, the Bombay sterehants declare that they cannot
get into the intenor of he c.uutry, and that the inhabitants
of the interior eine yet to them for went cf proper com-
enneatiom ; therefore, I do nut think it will be said that the
merchants of Manchester ought to leave their mills and count
lag-hones in order to go and encourage the growth of cotton.
The right hon. gentleman may urge that information enough
has been obtained throu4h the Bombay commission, and the
committee for which I moved in 1848. Does the right
hon. gentleman remember that the Indian Company said
the sues thing before the committee sat ; and will any one
*ay that the labours of this committee were hat vein ? (Hew.)
Perhaps the right hea.gentlensaa will tell =that the ream-
lunation of the commission aid committee are b.ing
carried oat. How are they bring carried out ? By the pro-
ject of 35 miles of railway from Bombay, about which there is
as yet the greatest possible dispute. As regard, the prope
sitlon to make a railroad from Bengal, I perceive that •
newspaper favourable to the government admits that there
are comae difficulties which may prevent this railway from
being made at all. Nothing is being done on a sys-
tem, nothing on a great scale the Indian govern-
ment pro not tads' up the subject as the great 'ab-
ject which ought to engage paramount &Motion. Now,
we know that cotton may be grown In India to nay
extent, but that therm are some Canals in operatioa which
retard its growth. I propose that there should he
a royal eosamission to inquire what the obstacles are. We
brat perfectly well that to this otrantry it is sot enough to
have one report ; there smut be report after report, and the
public mind end the mind of parliament mast be astarated
with evidence before any step can be takes. Take the sus
of Ireland. We have bad sitting in this knee, from the
year 1800, no lees than 100 gentlemen, ropmeenting envy
county sad all the largest towns of Ireland; previous ea
1845 we hive a dozen repels with regard to the sonatina
of Inland; and yet in 1846 the right hon. baronet
the member for Taneworth appointed a commiesies ever
which Lord Devon presided, simply to inquire Into
the mates of the land tenures of that country. Perhaps the
President of the Board of Control will want a pre-
cedent I will give him one which seems to me to fit exiatly.
IA the year 1822 a 'notion was made in this house with refer-
ence to the appeatasent of a sommiesion to visit the comics
el the Cape of Good Hope, Ceylon and the Mauritius • sad
the following were amongst In last/action to the co:math
sine% which were signed " Bathurst." With regard to
the Cape, the instruction run thus:—" The inane lead
will be coraidered with a 'kw to the atrimiletho of
the old and modern rates of assesument sad to easourep
!igrioalture." With regard to Ceyloa the inquky wee
' directed to the origami team of land, the ezpedieney of
metres grants of lead, and the meals ioaa en which such
greats Assad be iiennerod, sea the systems of maltreats" is
thie•ingehese and Easityan penisees ; to the offsets of loans
to leadowaers, at side ildreeli•d by goverment; the effects
of graviton sad assepalesey services, sad mesas of 001111119-
Ike deem ; the &pima of tie sweetmeat than of crop I
OW MON of missile she pow* of subsistaase." 4216
salitiseassat Wits this:
I andalle 1111111.1.6111111101 tee It is se
moat _ pse den' be sseraisi pea Nay Ober apes a
treq_2l„. jey Illiele
mg ..=kula Chen Mese nigh 1 hive mem
te Ike net el fethemenen vie* is
tie deals geZheimaseg W1N111111111.1111.114 6141/1111
may he smiled* sea ssamesses see kern adeskeei
ad new lertlee
=brio Nimbi presedua le yea aeo alga to pesoesk .
TIN Wiestasiss to the term Wart eoeoueleeleo rvaey
salsoke sod rely valuXbil led le several isoprene
andlesadess law of Ohs people of Ceylon and
Its=perused there. fleet hos. gentlerasa the
of the Board of Muted may as that ems
411kesalle adds Ii tke ease of Ceylon sad that of the
Bast lodise territories. Let us look oust ths clauses of the
skeeter, sad discover how tar parlimmt has a Agin to bi-
modal) with de emseame ea for WI it IS 10•Mleted with India.
The 7.5t1 mew fe as

tisalosari a iiiiratiawboor with ran pow aa Gamow
sa aigi‘ NM ammo d tie aid caligsay. wide" La
Moe Nam tba freliellaillit if mew et the sail
bo.
TM delOicis geotlgoraa will woo* ma if I art wag
I. sorbs 'hat be Mat thlarsomali owl of tie amiss, of a
whisk low the aboolata govern/am at ante
Etwelrapt:: har, that Its Mosel! is respo•dble for
irvapiriat. no right low. gawciaa labor
awl •
desoil' ow to lodla an us*,
moo or
war_ • be. tab eh' power of iwvolvhig Logia la osesoam as.
mauve, whisk Oho Bast lons eampasy, though *ay'
&append efts wield ha oropellad M limn to. That.

-- 180‘011--
Wiffitili--. .loe
es"
Ai lea 11"=praki= aliseeteel with the
Asthma ass we shell Mat aspesassere esameasetteeith thess
Mika will siriarb deitiimmtiortr Li
ri it Mgt tbd'
imperial sommumest the. Osseo awl pen-
dent ? This is ase it Malt relish is posialarly,
Imes `s the iaveetlathhea ad pailethest, If pailemast Woks
=ie have a eagal somesties. Kr. Blight -that par
to crew, of of the Mw to the soma.
riveassa ffits • of the East India Company, who
is 14 1 tit 1847-;-had ',allotted a ammo if
8 wading, at (dater* *area Or debt)
vtiviii
20, year; whilst Me met revenue of O4os
Brae* assiseive .1 .dethe. Nes. 45 2/.005.0011. la
these oaten Oho this how, I dose met s*
albastaffet a ilweVer meditetseuen Murat there, bat
I dos ell dia_ Awl the armory, and the BMA
M MM. MI ti is behalf 0t all them
kr they tap' ladieselably emaseeted. *as
ilse tehri esk fo Mse llerentassobit hfortalthetlisarg."lll6.
agwaa
tintnes ham say weight egabist the satsumas which I
Mm maim la bringing Ibrairethh quoldos. The right
hes. gestiesass (81r I. C. Rothease) soy ay that is I. sot
yeelble that asses shield be broweiht frees India, or that
thoomosiesisa may ea bee able *get say veisabie Shoran
ties. On either of thus, pas* he say Wan to great it.
Bet I have shows diet Mere la an important in-
dustry Is this touatry, great is Steer point of view ; end'
that the jlerlis with whisk it is sonataded are mow my
greet, sad that every mac absent he he sir employer ev a
weakness, yeah! be Is how of the preposition- w
I 'thesis se the home, I. hoe Mara slot Laeidth '
has • "leer right to woe to this lose he ski redeemed
Zismervaamet if they east. The 'Population ef India. ii
*aims parllaleat mien Forward to its Mitt it
bra also thaws that the latereele of every portion of dlis
=lapilli, of whistgoileasest 'ten so pond, are
wed is the epodes whisk I hese embalmed
Si the Imam I assapptit that the real point
el obLestloa is • team of delicacy with regard
to the Bast India Company, sad that the government der
am wish to stow that they lutve any *ant of cot Aline la
evisaaedeat eerporalos. I do 'not blame that for that
hot I sok them ,wbenher It ehoold weigh against
dig great interests which I have endeavoured to show are so
idzt affected by this quition, rbe Chatter Act will
in the year 1864, andaeit year the ounpany will have
Si give notice whether they wish for its renewal or not.
Parliament unfortunately does not hum sack shoot thew
Lane .twin ;Jabot, I smelt de aims preen se be very'
siareeseat with them, thmh I haw geld coasithrable at-
tention to them. 1 will ask that would
it not be desirable
that we should ' understand the question, and I
whether they would be lea able to decide on the
fume government • of India In than or four
yeas, if this assetiodon were appointed sad they had the
malt et their investigations laidbehare parliament ? (Hear-) 1
I think that on sounds the interests ooneerned in this
question should * slab heavier in the estimation of the
mita lord, the Lord of the Timm, than any feeling
which the government may entertain with regard to the
Bat India Cowpony. Can the noble lord answer to
kM toessiease, le the antstry, sad to India, if he reject this
maim ? But if the noble lard outnot bring himseU to com-
prehend the gravity of this question, I will then torn to the
base, sad I wilt ask you to manifest your interest in the
well-being et a great Mammy et home, and to show your
sympathy for the sonatina milliems of our Indian popedation,
who, if they have no von* militia these wails, are the more
waled to your oonsideration and regard. (Chasm.)
Biz 7. C. !ICEHOUSE said that he had to request the
adulates of the house whilst he attempted to refer to the
topics which the ham. malemam the member for Manchester
had istrodemed to the vendee it the boo, and he could
emus the hon. gentian& that be wee not more anaible of
the importune of this subject in all its great bearings thee
be (Sir J. C. Hobboute) was. It wee quith superfi sotto in
the hon. gentleman to suppose that any pereon in that
hones who had say minden to be cognisant of the matters
consisted with this question geoid look at it with any other
(village then these of the greatest comes and anxiety. He
mild 'mule we hon. gentian*, that, even before lie gave
nodes of this motion, his (Sir I. C. Hobhouseej attention
was directed to the elimination of the question io all its
bearlnge, and he would add this, that if he thought that the
plan propteed by the hon. gentlemen weals answer his
object, he should at oaf* say, take your ammonium°, and
make the beet use you pootoly can of it. But the
sootier' of the hon. gentleman invoiced, not only
the question which was put promineatly forward—
namely, the best mode of serving a large and constant sup-
ply of Gotten—bet according to the terms of the motion,
it ooseerns the industrial aad scosomieel condition of th,
people of India, and besides that it took late eonsi!eration
what effect the government of the country lad had on that
condition. Who respect to the peculiar urgency of the
time which the boo. gentleman had chosen for bringing for-
ward this motion, he could not say that he had made tat
for he found on looking at tom returns, to whict
on. gentleman had access as well as himself, that the
drpon us cotton Mom all countries had been steadily in-
creasing for the last three years. In 1847 the import was
474,907,815 lbs. ; is 1844 i• was 713,000.000 lbs. That
showed a vast inerealn. • la 1849 there was no falling oft the
impart amounted to 775,469.0001 M With referent to Indian
cotton, he found that there was no diminution in the import.
The imports up to the present period bad greatly inc-eased
It appeared t-.at the importation to Liverpool, London, and
Glasgow, from Boinbay, Madras, and Calcutta 'rum the Ist
Jan. to use 23rd May, 18.50, amounted to 124,000 bales. List
year the importation from these pieces amounted only to
30,000 bales. Toe hon. gentleman had °onus/led that the
East India Company were not to be blamed for any neglect
with reference to this subject, and that so tar it paid
attention to it. own 'fatten, and he had drawn
their attention very properly to the inquiry which
had been taking place ever mince the year 178 i.
A summary of the results of that inquiry had been
published within the but new da)s, and in looking into it
he found that the assertion which he made ws, fully borne
out, namely, that the company had ceased to attend
to this great subject, and that they bat from time to lime
done al: that in them lay in order to inures aad improve
the cultivation of Litton in India. In order to make out
how it was that British aipital and intolligence had not been
applied to the growth of cotton in India, they thought it ne-
cessary to inquire into the vexed question of the operation of
land assessment on the cultivation of the soil. He found
that great authorities differed ore this subject. lie
found the hon. member for Guildford milciog a direct
assertion that it had nothing to do with the cultivation of
the soil; others *ere cf a contrary opinion, and the only
fact he could glean wait that they screed that the commiltaie
was justified in reporting on that point at all. But the
committee rid fall justice, and he hoped that the House of
Commons wonld do full justice to the East In,i is Company.
They admitted that many obstacles to the improvement of
the cultivation of cotton had been removed by them. First
of all, the land esstameot, which had been for many
years taken upen Nu natere of the produce, and not on the
character of the soil, was now put upon the latter instead of
the former. He also bound that the liaised Customs and
the transport duties bad been removed. He would now
take the opportunity of alluding to the obscurity in which
this matter had been in former pen involved, and
ce amerting that the statemeate veld& came teem the Manches-
ter Chamber of Commune on the muter were unfounded.
The committee certainly did admit, as the hon. gentleman
mentioned, that aft-dent can and sufficient expense had not
bees devoted to Incites cosionnikation. He mainly did
confess that the sommittee had made that report, ard he
thought it wet po•ibls that say fair man would admit that
it would be much . better if more bad been done ; but be
thought he should be able to show that the East India
Company and the maresameat were far from baying ne-
lected the smarm of the goversment,
wsod were
minis~
es
with most us
most and were se alive to weld he.
prominent' as the hon. member for Manchester coati pe•
Ably be. V. very much &mined, notwithstanding all that
had bum said whether such an additioaal quantity of cones
or each en improved eharacteer of cotton ever would be
lioneght foam ladle so se to suable India to compete with
"sew*. Rd 414 met mi, of i 5.,., that every effort should
not be marly, ae 'buy effort was made at this some ot to add
to tbs cultivation sad 'harasser of the cotton trade. The 1
last India Company had Mee alive to this subject for years,
bus still hr thPaillti Os wee borne est by the evidence upon
the table as well ashy other ermaiderations in the ooaclusioa
that there was soseakieg is the prOmeties of India which
would eaot enable .it to wonyet• with American tattoo
He tommltt the sotkonty whirl ha bad gusted I
Won, shitr . that the gross awesof cotton produced la
India wolf; It for aaasiecuares se Arearkes cotton,
owing ta shortness of the staple wed the dirty
mate is r it was sent * amettet. He load that
is ma hateron cotton them we. sot more than 12 per
sent. of dirt. and Indian lotto had 2 per eat. le America
boa 2601 M. to 600th.. were produed per um; In India
net more Una from 60Ibe. to 1t b.. were ever produced per
is,,. Bolden this, thane was sae thing which ought to be
remembond, bet whteh. *Mil public meshes was celled to
is to a toothsome who Mid written an wide which ea-
Mitits the Prepsiesmnoseepsper set log ago, was not
. He Gala dial tit ffilisreent bettrun the silicate/.
I. lada and the cults .lamina sou great sad Ma-
plow& There won 110 a Ladiaas who had to be
sulked with this very water of the article
mediae!' very natural sal. allisse yos. allow
10e. worth ef el hum* fail I/QM Was not a
high affects, that wan make the samouat sixty
&Woo samiaily for the as. clothing of the people of
India, and Mal we. a higher amount than they ever
modem& from the manufacture of the article is India.
There w
by
roam why, if other produtiou could be
"waled the applicatioa of "spited mad industry, ottoa
should net be inereased. Indigo ood pima bad bees la-
cooed to moonlit* degree. Be heMin hie hand a state-
lout show* the gamely if opium sold In Bengal,
aad the genital resale was this: The quantity of
spina 'old ia Bengal in 183$ wee 18,668 sham,. in 1840.
17,868 Assn • in 1841; 18,227 chests ;• in 1842, 18,362
et I, hi ;Mi. 16.104 Mate ; total, 88,114 chute - averse
for fire ylimesl/4,1:-71,1823 cheat ;
_riit 1844, 18,360 chests ; in
1 46, 81,437 ; in 1846, ,M,Mt--I Meets ~- is 1847, 21,840
,k,
; M I . 80.468 chess ; total, 113,981 chests
• for Ave rept, 22,714 shims The amber of sheet;
53849 was 86,468. Tice quality?' indigo
tea foes the three prigidenclei for a period serthtreeed
wage bowl Bengal, fen 161646, 76,397 cuts; in 1846-47,

sis 87,636 este ; from efls Is
sae.% is 1844-48, 30,8791 i a
efts& ;
w Wen Bombay, In 1846.46,
17.,741 sae. ; in 1847 48, 901 mete.
"I=l6B • Pea basest also. Therefore, Is an
wee throe great stales of produce he bond that there had
Nee no `Ulna oil be found that the cultivation bad
ghea en g, and he saw ao NUM why then
eloald act t% same teases ea to cotton, if the satins
Itakthei tame seas to rodeos it. They preferred pre-
' hang Sale artake which wee easy of tale and export, end
t was Impossible le suppose that eats cultivation sail
not keep pace with the cultivation of other articles. The
hen. gentleman had dwelt, however, at the gnats lenoth
on Imad asnommesta. and he lemi spokes of the eanineems
otitis soil, sad in the same way ha (Sir J. Robbers) fens/
dam spoken of a arks deer sate, and in same
of kis (Mr. Bright's) own, shish %diced him to btigss be
was not easily assisted with the condition of Om
psople. The riots in the Midas presidency were fee
mere slaves shish we supposed teem to be, sad Iseibandi
that, eves with reaps to this very abject—sea with ro-
se* to the cultivation of cotton and to taking thaw spa&
mental farms—theta regular bargain was made with Ilimee
era. and they would not allow land to be taken *MP W
goads( a very good lanais In 1847 a hood wasssis/ l e
, ye., whisk tored the feet whirl he had just sea
deee the improvements, there was the Ganges mad, whisk
sep sits en under some of the meet experienced eselseene.l
I Merits the haprovenseat of the irrigating area sea
saZplee.din 1837, be Meier Cates, at a eat of Root la
MPosekieseyoutrildlabanestesta had also akee plass
IS the and maintaining of mails had
alMoseted to 60.000 L, the Governor General had 'broody
dha dietetics' that In the newly-acquired province of the
Andeule 50,0001 should be expended in work* of irrigation.
Me saewiosed this to skew that the East India Company
bed not been so nagleetful as had hors stated. Great
=had certainty been seat on military opera-
bat let tse hope that Owe would be no
stomeity for Stare great military operations. It was Ise
OS not so large a portion of Leda as the But India Cont-
mow could wish had been devoted to these useful purposes,
leaf -at any rate they could slain for the Indian government
thell it had not bees neglectful of the great oblate.
The mswe fn which Mr. Bright had spoken of the wadi-
hon of the people of India induced him to think he wee not
Ina acquainted with this part of the subject. The ryote
Ogre nes serfs, as he seemed to appose, and they were dabs-
Arad to cultivate cotton ; nor were the assessments levied as
be represented. He had charged the Company's government
with neglect in regard to roads and irrigation; but he (Sr
Jan) showed that large sums had been expended, and were
I Mill laid out, upon canals in India Proper, especially the great
Ganges Canal, and is the Puejanb. He likewise read
documents proving that a material improvement had
ads plasm in the social condition of the people of
India. He now came to what appeared S. be the
soot 'aperient part of the question, that was the comma-
s's, He should like to ask the hon. gentleman who were
to be the commissioners ? He had said that he (Ur. Bright)
theild not like himself to go to India, tor that any of his
Manchester friends should go; but as to the gent:eaten of
iliesehester, if they did go it we uld take them five years at
loom before they could make themselves acquainted with
whet they were to do. They would have to
Medi Staples instead of making these in-
quids Whom were they to inquire of ? AU the
famdrise must be directed to the servants of the company to
get the information which the hon. gentleman wanted; and
he should like to know, whether these servants of the e
pany, supposing they were so inclined, would not have them
completely in their hands; and be should like to know
whether we had not at this moment got information from
theie parties, whether we had not intelligent commislocers
who ware the only persons that could be consulted. The
But ladia Company had never given unwilling &Sass to
his hon. friend • they had offered to make every experiment,
to give every for improving the cultivation of cotton.
Indeed Mr. Bruce had gone so far as to state that if Man-
chester would guarantee a price of 24d. a pound the company
would find a supply without tie intervention of any royal
commission. Every thing in fact that could be done b,
investigation and inquiry had already been done. and al:
that was wanted was capital and enterprise to bring tho cal
tivation to • eucce•sful issue. His own opinion was that the
cultivation of cotton in India would never succeed to the
extent anticipated by some sanguine persons, but evcrythihg
calculated to give it the best chance of success had him done
or was being done by the But India Company and its officers
He had now to call the attention of tie house toe circumstance
which would go to show that the statement of the has. gentle-
taat he represented all Manchester on this subjec-, was
not entirely borne out by the facts. It did so happen that he
sides the Manchester Chamber of Commerce there was an-
other influential assiation in that town called the Man-
chester Commercial Association, and that associrion had
paid as much attention to the question of the cultivation of
cotton as the Chamber of Commerce, and had had just as
ataxy communications with the East Judie Company on the
subject. Now, when tho hon. member gave notice of his
intention to move for an address praying for a royal cols
mission, he also made an appli_ation to this association for
arcs and co-ooeration in the attainment of his
ohjict. Ile (Sir J. Hobhouse) could tell the house
what had been the result of that application, for it
would be found in a letter which the secretary of that asso
elation addressed to the East India Company on the 14th
May, 1850. The latter stated that the association, having
been recenly applied to by Mr. Bright for its support
towards obtaining • royal commission to inquire into the
ease which retarded the cultivaion of cotton in India, and
the 'eject having been maturely consider d by the board,
it had been resolved unsiesously, that believing that much
important information had already been obtained by &dal
inquiry in 1847. end by the parliamentary committee of
IS4B, as well as fro n other sources, and that the suggestionsmade in the report of that committee were in the course of
being carried out by the company, and feeling that a royal
commission might prove injurious at present by ex-
, citing unfounded rpeculati.n end interfering with
existing operations, the board had strong doubts as to this
commission being the beat means of promoting the important
object which the associa•ior had laboured zealously to pro-
m de, and therefore could not accede to the proposal
of Mr. Bright. (Hear, hear.) No doubt the commission
now asked for might be carried out if the House of Cimmons
wished it, but it would be, is fact, • supercession of the
company, and • taking of the government of India into the
hands of the commission. It would be saying, in fact, that
what had been done had not been done rroperly nor in •
wise direction, and that nothing better could be effected
unless the house interfered in the mode proposed by this
resolution. A royal commission !—whe, as the hon. mem-
ber for Guildford had slid, every G ',ether-General of
India was • royal commission, as was also every governor
of a presidency. He was the joint nominee of the crown
and the company, and he (Sir J. Ilobhouse) should like
to know whether such royal commissioners had ever ne-
glected their duty ? Had they not inquired into those mat-
ten? He held in his hand a document written by Lord
Auckland in 1837, which showed that he had not
neglected hie duty. Wu Lord Dalhousie a maa
likely to neglect his duty i He would say that
if ever there was • Governor-General peculiarly
qualified to make Lquiries on these subjects, Lord Dalhousie
was the man. He could inform the hen. member that many
documents could be prolate& and if the hon. member
wished, they should be produced, showing that government
seagoing on with the iaquiry, and trying to make this very
difficult matter.

ORM s
11011111
748 10,11; k
1=1.47,

Sir B. COLEBROOKE, who was but indistinctly heard,
observed that he thought the subject which had been brought
under the notice of the Erase by the motion of the hon.
member for Manchester worthy of much more attention
than it was likely to repairs. Having been a member of the
committee of ISIS, he had been requested to prepare • draft
report, and that draft had been wbol!y based upon the evi-
dence, and in it he had given his opinion that the improve-
ment of the country wu more intimately connected with the
cultivation of cotton than people generally imigined. With
respect to a commission it was not necusiry that it should
be composed wholly of persons sent from this country, as
there were many gentlemen settled on the spot fully comp.).
teat to deal with the subject. lie agreed with the right
hon. member se to the difficulty under woioh Indian
mitten would labour in competing with the United
States produce in the British market, nor was he sanguine
that under any revenue system the East Indies would ever
provide a large share of the produce required ; but at the
seats time he knew that the country laboured under heavy
fiscal disadvantages, and he believed that if these were modi-
fied and a certain portion of capital and enterprise introduced,
we should receive a greatly increased eupply, and of a much
finer quality than at present. But the real question before
the house was whether there were in the cotton-growing
districts any cirounistanees peculiarly calculated to depress
sgricultnrsi enterprise ; sad 'on that point he thought the
hon. member'sconclusions were of far too sweeping a cha-
racter. It was true that in the southern districts of India the
system of taxation was oppressive, but in the north of Bengal
the rowan* had, two years before, been fixed on a permanent
basis, and since then that province had advanced more than
any other district in India. He did not attribute all the
improvement to certainty of taxation, bat he thought it had
bad a most wholesome and invigorating effect on the province.
He was not disposed to attach too much weight to
the promises of the right hon. baronet as to the future, for
he had not seen in anything the right hon. gentleman bad
stated, or anything that had been given in evidence, any
reason foe uti.posing that the authorities at the India House
were at all impressed with the danger of the policy they were
pursuing in assassin equal to the whole rent of the land.
The attempt to exact such a tax in a Gauntry like India,
when the fluctuations of the seasons were so great, was in
effect to place the whole of the produce, of the ealtivation in
every alternate year in the hands of the government agent.
What India wanted wee, as was stated the other day by the
hon. member for Montrone, measures for promoting internal
communication and works of irrigation.
Hr. NEWDEGATH believed that ender the administra-
tion of the t sad the last Governor Generale, Lord
Dalhousie and Lard Raiding., India had greatly improved
in regard to its internal affairs, but he thought the hon.
gente who bad brought inward this motion might have
discovered other TOMOS/ Hun the neglect of any govern-
ment fee the depression which India, in GOMM= with others
of our colonial depsedendes, In the change which during
late yam hod tikes puss is ear 4111111MINial pokey. lie
had hoped skis b reto mks he lirooght forwaed his
motion, had bumps OM to stable • country to
compete with its Ines atirat the products of a foreign
country, it was unwary
_to ye to them products the. same
amount of prohibition whisk the sompstibig produce enjoyed.
But, instead of oddly say posposkisa of that kind, the ob-
ject of the hos, goatkasas appeared to be to make an attack
on the govarentsot Be (hu. zuwaiiat) abonlit be pre-
pared to support say imposition he thought calculated to
I promote the growth of cotton la ladle, but be could not
swum in • vote of soadsmanstlint on two noblemen who,
bellevtd, had done muck to benefit the cannily.
Ifs never was more assisted than at present that the
policy we bad been pursuing of late was both narrow-minded

THE EXPRESS, WEDNESDAY IarARNO, JUNE IS, 1850 i-
ss,
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r, bum primadsibuggr teem ee es 4,„, .tab 1,,;"; 3 r . ism al mak
taros. nag Whim sir , ..,‘„ rig . , 1 . .
_____ _
_leftism a : lei
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is balk poemodes he likel+—. r. ibe .ea' a- - bar „4,... bunt et geobel r
adionosiziekber algoOtY. idr rd 011 e. adfftloo), or the r 4 4 i Masai Os
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proem ea et es Om is 4 lit 0
1 eligst•lP •kw taw kissavkitasivieoe talks OP !ft,
7
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ism et the sal within dr peoddoooks of booby UM logol dth arms. ti tddgli lab• k dm? there ere objebbeee *I ear smiliag as* a ea* had 40
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