The Express.
London, England, 1861-10-07 00:00:00

THE E4CPREBS, MONDAY iirEmicy' OCTOBER 7, 1861.

I 8 per cent. As millowners worked at a
disadvantage before, they must be working now
lin many instances at a considerable loss. Hence
the more general adoption of " short time."
Why Oils plan has not been carried out more
lar4ely already is explained by Messrs. DC FAT
and Co. : " A loss of 5 per cent. is the come-
" quence of letting machinery stand partially, be-
" bides the risk of losing hands who thoroughly
" understand the particular work managed by
" them." On every side the difficulties of the
trade are increasing. Where producers have re-
delved instructions to make goods " to order," the
excessive cost of cotton stands in the way. The
future course of the price involves • risk which
requires to be insured against in arranging the
kilns of each fresh transaction. It has thus
happened in not a few cases that manufacturers
who are anxious to keep at work, and who
have been offered orders, have preferred to
refuse them on account of the risk. The
importance of this element, and the growth
of a feeling of gloom with regard to the
prospects of the cotton manufacture, are shown in
the circumstance that • number of mill-owners
have gone in advance of the precautions required
at the moment, and, instead of working " short
time," have closed their establishments altogether.
It will be apparent from these particulars, that
whatever may be the course of affairs in America,
upon which the future of the cotton trade almost
entirely hiliges—whether there be a continuance of
the war and of the blockade, or a truce, and re-
lease of the new cotton crop—difficulty is in store
fur us at home. The former contingency signifies
a very hard time for the entire cotton manufactur-
ing interest, and privation to the opera-
tive population during the coming winter
a period of the year when scanty
work and reduced earnings aro especially unwel-
come : whilst the second contingency would be
attended with the collapse of a vast speculation,
and probably with ruin to a large number of indi-
viduals. Speculation in cotton is no new feature,
but has this year been pushed to an enormous ex-
tent, whilst the growing speculation in the manu-
factured fabric forms a new and serious phase. At
some period there will be • most extraordinary
convulsion in the cotton trade, which is already Ma
remarkable state of tension. As regards this point
it is important to notice that spinners and manu-
facturers must now be in an unusual degree hider
pendent of the Liverpool market ; for, as Messrs.
C. Fe Sox, and Co. point out, during the last
three months they have taken cotton at the rate of
52,700 bales per week, against 43,744 bales
weekly during the first six months of the year, and
against an average delivery of 48,607 bales
throughout 1860. Should the course of events
render it inadvisable for them to continue to keep
their largo stock, which they hold at high pr;oes,
they are in a position to stand aloof from the
Liverpool market for a considerable period. This
may hereafter disarrange in no small degree the
calculations of the speculators who are operating
for still higher prices, and it would precipitate a
tremendous fall in cotton were it possible for
the American difficulties to be relieved. " This,"
observes the authority cited, "may hereafter
" become • very important element in forecasting
" the future" of the trade.
Vie WC it estimated that the extent to which
" short time " has at last been adopted involves at
present • reduction of about 16,000 bales • week
in the consumption of cotton. This would make
• total saving of only about 200,000 bales during
the rest of the current year. Further movement
is being made, however, in the same direction.
" Detrimental u this is to the working classes,"
observe Messrs. Du FAT and Co., "it is the only
" step to prevent still greater disasters, for, by
"reducing the production of goods, yarns, Arc.,
" these articles will rise in value, and an approxi-
" 'nation to the price of the raw material will be
" attained, while a still more important point
" will be secured—namely, economy in work-
" ing up cotton at • time when none is
" arriving from America." This economy is cer-
tainly the more imperative if it be true, as another
practical authority estimates, that the supply from
India and all other quarters would probably not
enable our mills to be kept at work for more than
two days in the week on the average during the
greater part of the next year. It would certainly
appear that, thus far, we have not been by any
means so thrifty as we ought. "It is worthy re-
" mark," observe MOMS. TAIIIIIAN and Roust,
writing on xhe let inst., "that the export de-
" mend seems to be on the increase ; in the past
" thirty-nine weeks the quantity actually shipped
" from Liverpool, London, Hull, and outporte,
"amounts to 481,130 bales, against 433,190 bees
" in the same period last year, being equal to
" 1,230 bales per week, while the deliveries for
" home consumption, so far, show a falling off of
" only 1,270 bales per week ; as yet, there-
fore, no progress has been made towards
" economising supplies." This conclueon is
susceptible of some little modification, however,
inasmuch as the cotton delivered for home
consumption, as we have already stated, cannot
have been entirely consumed, an unusually large
amount being held in hand by the trade.

EDE court.

BALMORAL, Ocr. 4.
The Queen, accorinpanio,l by the Princess Hohen-
hoe, Princess Louise, sod Prince Leopold, drove yeeterdsy
to the Lino of Quoich.

The Prime Consort, accompanied by Prinx Arthur, w..nt
out out deer stalking.
The Prince of Wales and Prince Louis of Hesse went out
deer stalking.

Primes Alice went out riding, attended by Lady
Churchill.
Her Majesty's dinner party included the Princess Helena,
Earl and Countess Rumen, and Dr. Robertson.

OCT. 5.

The queen, accompanied by the Princess Helena end
attended by Laly Churchill and lady Augusta Bruce,
drove yesterday to Loch Calater.
The Prince Consort and the Prince of Wales and Prince
Louis of He■w went to the Bslloch Buie woods, which were
driven for deer.
Prince Arthur went out riding.

Despatched; were sent on Saturday from the Colonialoffice
to the Governors of the North American Provinces, Ber-
muda, the Cape of Good Hope, Natal, and St. Helena.

The Hanoverian Miuixter !lax left lax estatm in
Holstein for Hanover, where his excellency is at present on
■ visit to his Majeviy the King of Hanover.

The Duchear of Wellington and Lady Susan
Ramsay left Apaley House on Friday for Scotland. His
grace is passing the +mum at his seat in Norfolk.

The Duke and Duchess of Blanchester are visiting
the Duchess's relatives in Germany. no noble duke and
duchess, after attending the coronation of the King of
Prussia at Konigsberg, go to Berlin for the festivities, and
then repair to Kimbolton Castle.

The Duke of Rutland luxa paamed through Lou-
don, on his way to bin shooting quarters in Derbyshire.

Thu Earl aud Countess Dc La Warr aud family
pared through town last week, and are gone to their seat,
Bourne Hall, Cambridgeshire.

The Earl and Countess Spencer have loft Spencer
House for their seat in Norfolk, to piss a few weeks before
taking up their residence at Altliorpe Hall for the winter.

Tl;e Earl of Scarborough has left the St. George's
Hotel fur Brighton.

The Earl of Winchilnca has left the St. George's
Hotel for &sterol! Park, Kept.

The Earl of Clauwilliam la►vev Belgrave-aquare
to-day for Dial Castle, Kest.

The Earl and Countess of Desart aro expected in
town is a few days from Ireland. His lordship has taken a
house in Lowndes-street for three years, late the residence
of the Dowager lady Wrottesley.

The Eari and Counter; Stanhope have left
Cherening Park for; tour on the Continent.
Viscount Dunkellin has left town on a visit to
the Earl and GORMAN of Cork, at 31arstou House, Somer.
estehire.

The Lord Chancellor has taken a insuriion in
liekravesquare, late the resilience of the Earl of Norbury.
Lord and Lady Harry Vane have left town on •
tour in Spain.

The tiou. Gilbert Heathcote, Lord Elplihitoue,
Captain Elphinstone, Lord and Lady Colville and Master
Colville, Yr. and Mrs. and Kiss Percy, and the Bon. M.
Villas, are at present residing at Drummond Castle.

Sir Archibald and Lady Dunbar and family are
leaving the country for the winter, haring taken a house at
Menton, wear Nice.

The Hun. Mr. and Mrs. Spencer Ponaonby have
returned to tom..

We are sorry to learn that Lord Dacre met with
an accident while oat shooting at his quarters in Inverness-
shire. It appears from the information received that hie
lordship was handing his rifle to an attendant gills, when
by some accident the rifle went off. In the discharge his
lordship was badly wounded in his right arm, and, although
• fatal moult is happily not anticipated, it is expected that
be will lose the use of several of his fingers. When able to
return to the Hoo, Halls, his lordship purposed to return
southwards.

The HMI. Lady St. John Mildway in recovering
from the terrible accident caused by the kick of a hone,
which took alarm, having got his foot entangled in her lady-
ship's crinoline two months ago. Her ladvship's father,
Viscount Eversley, and Mr. nod Mrs. A. Buckley are now
on a visit at Doronerslield Park, the baronet's neat in Hank

The Lord Chancellor has presented the Rev.
Peter Almeric Lehcup Wood, M.A., of Magdalen College,
Cambridge, canon of the collegiate church of Middleham
and rector of Devizes, to the rector► of Copford, near Col-
chester ; and the Rev. William Henry Teals, M.A., of St.
John's College, Cambridge, vicar of Royston, near Barns-
ley, to thareetory of Devizes. The vicarage of Royston, which
becomes vacant by Mr. Teele's promotion, is worth 1201. &-
year, and is in the gift of the Lord• Chancellor.
Viscount Pahaerston has consented to distribute
the certificates to the successful candidates in the late
Oxford local examinations held at Southampton, on Friday
out. The presentations will take place at 3 o'clock in the
afternoon, at the Carlton-hall, the Mayor of Southampton
taking the chair on the occasion. The Bishop of Rochester
has also promised to be present.

The Liverpool School of Science is to be ()pone,'
on Thursday next, the 10th instant. Earl Granville hits sig-
nified his intention to be present ; also the Hon. Algernon
Egerton and Mr. W. Fairbairo, President of the Bri-
tish Association. The Chantallor at the Exchequer has
been invited, and it is not unlikely that he will be among
the guests. Several scientific men of eminence will also
assist at the inauguration.

The banquet to Earl Russell will be given in tho
New Town-hall, Newcastle-on-Tyne, on the 14th inst. The
Mari of Durham will be chairman, and among the names of
the stewards published are thous of Sir James Graham,
M.P., the Right Hon. William Hutt, M.P., Sir W. Ather.
too, H.P., nearly all the load liberal members of par-
liament, the Dean of Durham, sad most of the Whig gentry,
clergy, and manufacturers la the two north-eastern counties.

Lieutenant-General Nei, M.P. for Huntingdon,
is about to be presented by his constituents with hie por
trait, painted by Mr. Grant, ILA. This picture, for which
• commission of 400 guineas has been awarded to the artist,
will be presented towards the clues of the month at •
public dinner, at which the Earl of Sandwich and Mr. T.
Baring, M.P., will be present. The day of presentation
ham not yet been filially filed.

At the recent review at &utilises Common, the
Greed Duke Constantine relined the Portsmouth steamer,
and was obliged to come to Portemouth in a waterman's
wherr►—the only moans. His royal highnese took his stand
amongst the crowd, and very good-humouredly obeyed, with
tha people, the command of the supports to "keep back." Ho
also smilingly received the delicate solicitation of the shoe-
black brigade and the importunities of a certain itinerant
vendor of brandy belle. At the close of the review the
royal due returned to Ryds by the steamer.

Yesterday morning the Temple church, which
has been closed since the commencement of the long
vocatioo, was reopened for Divine service. The hmchers
of the Inner and Middle Temple were in attendance. The
Rev. F. J. Stsioforth, who, in the einemmx of the Venerable
Archdeacon Robinson, officiated, took for bin text let Corin-
thians:iv., lsth verse, "I will pray with the spirit, and I will
pray with the noderstandiog also ; I will sing with the
spirit, and will sing with the uodentanding also."
An appeal is being made on behalf of the be-
reaved familia of ten pour colliers who were killed on the
morning of the 26th ult., by the explosioo of An-damp is
the South Mostyn Colliery. Eight widows, one aged
mother, soil twenty-eight orphans have been at once de-
prived of their natural support. In some cues the children
are so young that years must elapse before any eon can take
the place of his father iu the support of his family. Sub-
scriptions will be thankfully received by the vicar of Whit-
ford (Holywell), the Rev. It. Briscoe, who Ins consented to
act is honorary secretary to the trustees, sod by the North
sod South Wales awl National Provincial Books In Holy-
well.

A contemporary mentions a strange application
for specie in the International Exhibition, made but a few days
ago by an American personage. The reader will remember
that a female specimen of humanity, so hideous as to be of
nearly doubtful claosification, was publicly exhibited a few
years ago at a place in Regent-street, under the name d
Julia Natrana. It seems that the creature proceeded from
England on a continental tour, and that while in Russia she
was married. She died in childbirth ; and the proposal
which was actually made the other day, at the office of the
commissioners of 1862, was to exhibit the embalmed corpse
of Julia Pastrana and that of her infant !

LATEST INTELLIGENCE.

AMERICA.

THE BATTLE AT LEXINGTON.
LIVERPOOL, MONDAT Monmo.

Tho Royal Mail steamship Africa, Captain Shan-
non, which left New York on the 23th ult., arrival
in the Mersey at 11 o'clock on Sunday night, after
several hours' detention at the bar of the river.

(unises ?emetics.)
TEE INTERVIEW AT COMPIEGNE.
COMPIEGNE, fitUDAT EVEZING.
The King of Preis arrived here this evening at
six o'clock precisely, and was received by the Em-
peror at the terminus.
Both sovereigns wore plain clothes.
The Emperor was accompanied by the Duke de
Montebello and General Fleury.

Their Majesties proceeded from the terminus to
the Palace in an open carriage, without any escort,
the people shouting by the way, " Lung live the
King—Long live the Emperor !"
In the courtyard of the Palace the Zutiaves
funned a double line.

The Empress, with the Prince Imperial and her
ladies of honour, awaited the Emperor and the
King of Prussia in the vestibule at the foot of the
grand staircase. On their arrival, the Empress
advanced to the threshold. The King graciously
kissed her hand, caressed the Prince Imperial, and
afterwards offered the Empress his arm.
Their Majesties then ascended to the imperial
apartments.
The staircase was lined on both aides by the Ceut
Gerdes.

This evening there will be a grand dinner. A
hunt by torchlight will afterwards tako place.

TURIN, Ocr. 5.

The Opimionc of to-day says :—" It is asserted
that the Italian question, and the eventuality of
the recognition of the kingdom of Italy by Prussia,
will be discussed at Compiegne."

TURIN, (kw. 7.

Explanations having taken place between the
courts of Turin and Berlin iu reference to the in-
tention of Francis 11. to send a representative to
Konigsberg, it results that Francis 11. will not be
represented at the coronation, awl that the Italian
representative will be received simply in the quality
of a representative of King Victor Emmanuel.
The report that the present minister of Prussia at
Turin would be sent by his government to Frank-
fort is variously commented on by the Italian
journals.

The Bank of Turin has raised its rate of dis-
count to h per cent.

THE PAPAL ALLOCUTION.
ROME, Oct 5.
The Official Journal publishes the allocution
delivered by the Pope on the 30th ult.
In this allocution the Popo deplores the great
evils brought upon the church by the Sardinian
government. He recalls " the violent expulsion of
the Archbishop of Naples, the exile and imprison-
went of other bishops and priests, and the sup-
pression of convents, as well as the spoliation of
the religious orders, whereby the members of the
Millie bad been reduced to misery."
His Holiness further complains of "the profana-
tion of churches, of the schools having been de-
prived of religion, and of the license of the press."
He also deplores the state of things in Naples,
" where cities and villages have been burnt, and
honest ecclesiastitz and many citizens arrested and
massacred, notwithstanding the declaration of the
Sardinian government that the church is free."
The Pope afterwards mentions the acts of vio-
lence committed in Mexico and New Granada
against the church, and praises the constancy of
the catholic episcopate and the generosity of the
faithful towards the Holy See.
His Holiness also commends the Roman people
for their devotion to the temporal government of
the Papacy.

ROME, Ocr. 4.

At the reception of the Siamese ambassadors by
the Pope, the former, in a speech addressed to his
Holiness through an interpreter, said that they
had been sent by their sovereign to express his
veneration for the head of the religion which was
preached in Siam by zealous missionaries, and to
assure his Holiness that the catholic religion would
always be protected in that country.
The Pope, in his reply, desired the ambassadors
to thank their sovereign for the protection he had
granted to the catholics in Siam, where, he was
happy to learn, the missions were making pro-
gress. _ _

The ambassadors then offered the presents which
had been sent to his Holiness by the King of Siam.

NAPLES.

General rumours haring been in c 'rculation at
Naples that a demonstration against the French

occupation of Rome would take place on Tuesday
last, General Cialdini addressed the following letter
to the commander of the National Guard :
Naples, Sept. 30.

A manifestation is being prepared for to-morrow in this
city with the object of accelerating the solution of the
Roman question. I cannot permit this ; for by so doing we
should delay rather than hasten that solution. I have
made use of the moat efficacious means of persuasion, even
to entreaties, that it may be avoided ; but if in spite of all
it is obstinately persisted in, I am equally resolved to pre-
vent it, and to repress it by all means that the law allows.
Italy has need of calm, of the calm which has already done
so much fur the greatness of the nation, and without which
the past and the future would be ruined. The people of
Naples especially want tranquillity. Order is necessary to
allow the workmen to progress in their works; whoever
disturbs it is the enemy of the country. Will you, thee,
Illustrious general, communicate these sentiments' to the
National Guard, which has deserved no well of the eouutry,
and I am sure its known attitude and firmness will once
more succeed in preserving order in this city.
The General of the Army, CIALDINI.
The above appeal was perfectly successful, the
lit of October having passed off very quietly.

NAPLES, Oct. 5, ErINDICI.

It is believed that the remnant of the reactionary
bands lately disembarked have been able to effect
their escape by re-embarking.
Cypriano and Crisenzio, two brigand chiefs, are
wandering about, half starved, in the mountains
near Nola. Their bands are dispersing. An un-
important encounter has taken place near Sora
between some brigands and the National Guard.