The Express.
London, England, 1850-12-12 00:00:00

Ul/11titD STATES.
The Cembeinj, Ciaptain Leitch, arrived at Liverpool
yesterday, with dates from New York to Nov. 26;
Boston, to Nov. 27th ; and Halifax, to Nov. 29.
The following i the letter of our New York cor.
respondent:
NEW YORK, Nov. 26.
The result of the Nashville Convention has satisfied
most of us that there is no farther danger of any con-
certed resistance on the part of the southern states.
We have since heard very interesting news from
Mississippi. That state was perhaps, next to South
Carolina, in the greatest state of excitement. In fact,
the Governor had specially called the legislature
together to 000 sider the expediency of secession.
Senator Foote, however, presented himself to his con-
stituency, and by a masterly vindication of hie policy,
produced a reaction which has entirely changed the
position of that state. It is reported that the Presi-
dent has given directions to have the Governor of
Mississippi arrested for furnishing arms to Gen. Lopez
in aid of his expedition to Cubs. This is a new feature.
We are pretty well convinced the storm is blown
over for the present. It will be renewed by the
abolitionists when Congress reassembles, bat I think
it will spend its violence without injury, because it is
now reduced to a positive certainty that a new party
is about being formed from the democratic and wbig
ranks, whose platform will be the broad one of the
laws and the constitution. _ _ _ .

The following are the American views of the sla-
very question.
Slavery exists here without our fault. We do not
know how to get rid of it.
Auy acts of violence to liberate the slaves will lead
to bloodshed, and the permanent injury of both whites
and blacks.
The des' ruction of the union will produce far greater
misery than slavery, as it exists; and therefore, of
two evils, we most wisely and necessarily choose the
least.
We do not believe that any human institutions are
I perfect, and what we have to do is to mitigate those
evils we cannot avert.
On this basis we intend to support the constitution
and maintain the union.
Since my last letter we have again had large
arrivals of gold from California, both at this port and
New Orleans. Oar dates are to the 17th of October.
San Francisco has quite recovered itself from the late
fire. The city authorities are laying down plank
streets and pavements by which much 6f the discom-
fort of a residence there is obviated. Business was
very brisk and mining operations were very success-
ful. An immense homeward emigration has com-
menced, including for the greater part those who
have been successful.
We have some interesting news from Mexico by
way of New Orleans, our dates from the capital being
to the Ist of November—a month later than our pre-
eious aivices. The result of the presidential election
is supposed to be favourable to Arista, though he has
not yet obtained an actual majority, and the returns
from all the states have not yet come in.
In Chihubus, there was no election, the legislature
having, as is stated, forgotten to make the necessary
provisions for holdirg it.
The subject which now seems to attract moat
attention in Mexico is the arrangement of the " in-
terior and exterior debt." The financial condi-
tion of the country is truly desperate, and matters
are daily getting worse. M. Payno, Minister
of the Interior, demands that the three mil-
liners of the American indemnity still due
shall be appropriated, in older to meet current
expenses. The Chamber of Deputies passed a reso-
lution suspending all but absolutely necessary pay-
ments, with the exception of those on the foreign
debt. The senate refused to act on this resolution
before arrangisg the interior debt. The foreign debt
is settled by giving the creditors (they being willing)
an eider for 2,500,000 dole. of the American indem-
nity, and reducing the interest to three per cent. on
the capital of something over ten millions ; to pay
this 3 per cent. 25 per cent. on the duties at the
frontier custom-house, 65 per cent. on the duties on
exports from the Pacific, and 5 per cent. on those
from the Gulf ports, are mortgaged, besides the other
national revenues when those do not suffice.
Mr. Backhead, the English minister, departed
from Mexico on the 3rd of October, in a greatly im-
paired state of health, leaving Mr. Dodge in charge
of the legatior.
The Committees of Finance had presented the fol-
lowing project of law to the Chamber :
Art. 1. There shall be established a consumption duty of
8 per cent. on all foreign merchandise introduced into the
Interior of the country. proceeding from the maritime or
frontier custom houses.
2. This duty shall only be collected once, in whatever
place the goods may be destined.
3. One-half of the tat product of this duty shall be des-
tined to the respective Stater, which may name overseers at
their own costs; the Other half shall be for the general go-
vernment.
4 To collect this duty the officers shall subject themselves
to the roles observed by maritime and frontier custom-
houses in the collection of internal duties created by the law
of the 24th day of August, 1830; which shall continue to be
collected.
6. The maritime and frontier custom-houses cannot issue
permits except for towns that contain 4,003 inhabitants.
The government will give the officers the necessary informa-
tion In order that this disposition shall be complied with.
6. The government, on putting this law in force, shall
subject itself to the law of the 24th of February and Bth of
April, 1837, establishing temporarily the offices which must
substitute those treated of in those laws.
7. Four months after the publication of this law the col-
lection of the 3 and 2 per cent. of consumption duty imposed
by the States, by virtue of the laws of the General Congress
of the 22nd of December, 1824, and 22nd of January, 1829,
shall Mile. The said States, without being authorised by
Congress, cannot after the present law, nor the others cutt-
ing, nor dictate any measures relating to the commerce of
foreign merchandise.
8. The decree of the 6th of October, 1848, which doubled
In the federal &strict the direct contribution, and established
14 per cent. on sales by wheleaale, la repealed.
9. The collection of the duty eitarlished by Article 1
shall take effect four mouths alter the first publication of
this law in the capital of Menke% The committee is com-
posed of Etieverria, Alaman, Heine), Prieto, Patients', and
Bristegin.
The Patricia of Oajaca learns with great satisfac-
tion from a resident of the parish Guichicovi that the
American commission appointed to survey the route
between the two seas had commenced its arduous la-
bours. The Patriots says: It appears indubitable
that this desirable work will be carried to a favourable
termination, for the director, M. Pierre Edouard
Tristoar, after having, on his arrival, conducted him-
self in the most gentlemanly manner, has realised in
has prooeedisgs the high opinion which was formed
of his theoretical knowledge. He has been seen
making the most dangerous reconnoissances, ventur-
ing even into the Pacific with his little vessel, and
thus surmounting the obstacles which were offered to
the first enterprise.
Mexico appears to be making no advances what-
ever in civilisation or refinement. It is a priest-
ridden country, and the consciences and energies of
men are continually paralysed by priestly influence.
You may perceive, by the condition of almost all the
catholic countries in the known world, what would
be the consequences to England, but for its indomita-
ble protestant spirit, of en extension of the Roman
power.
Very large calculations are made as to the effect of
the world's fair at London in 1851. There will be a
fall representation of American skill, bat not to the
extent you may anticipate. The government of the
United States has placed a public vessel at the dis-
posal of our National Institute ; but this will by no
means be adequate to the freight which will offer.
Many of our merchantmen will be employed in car-
ryieg our models and fabrics to London, and specula.
tion is already at work to torn the occasion to mount
Steamers and packets will both be advertised ere
bog in reference to this exhibition.
I had almost forgotten to state, that when the news
of her admission into the Union sesched California,
there was the greeted rejoicing. The people appeared
half crazy with delight. The roar of cannon was
beard for twe days in suecasion at Ban Francisco,
and spathe. and ponessices were numerous. Thus
it will be perceived that the Unica is the rawriabed
object of our citizen, however distant from the places
which gave them birth.
We have some late intelligent). from Nicaragua.
That route to the, Pacific may be set down as •
failure. Nothing @hart of an expenditure on a
gigantic wake= make it precticahle. The following
L an antailliir a attar received in this city from ea
iota) eatglierlea, who went out for the purpose
of ging an =preen line for freight and passe-
gas ammo the isthmus at this point. It is dated
Nev. 8 t
Ws arrived at Rale* harbour, In lbs stem ship Waa-
-1 tem. at sight p.m , ea the 20d of Ncessabsr, sad eretemled
itasestiately to **town, whit* Hsi Island scats four Idea,
up a mall wading sinew, mush like the Chains river,