The Express.
London, England, 1861-04-15 00:00:00

THE EXPRESS, MONDAY EVENING, APRIL 15, 1861.

" land would not allow the House of Commons to
" decide this important question for them." It
is =rely time, then, for the colony to find the
means of settling land questions with the natives,
and whenever it has to do so, we suspect it will
discover some way of doing it less costly than war.
We have so nearly adapted our preparations to
a chronic state of unsettlement in Europe that the
uneasiness of our continental neighbours ought to
cost us much less than it has done either in
money or apprehension. We successfully
tried the difficult experiment of neutrality when
two first-rate European powers were engaged, and
when one half the nation was vibrating with sym-
pathy with the Italian patriots and the other
trembled for the balance of power. We are much
better prepared than we were two years ago to
renew the experience. If the Italians are rash,
if the Austrians prove as mad as in 1859;
if the Germans attack Denmark, and
draw upon them a more powerful enemy,
we are not called to interfere. We are strong be-
cause we are united, and have the spirit of sacrifice,
and Italy, Austria, and Prussia may become strong
enough in the same way. It is only too true that
in more than one part of Europe • disposition to
east the fate of millions to the chances of war is
rife. In Italy divisions and animosities fomented
by • party which boasts to be superlatively national
produce a weakness which sorely tempts Austria.
The King of Payssia appears to be under some
infatuation which hurries him on to assail a king-
dom which has the sympathies of the world. Yet
these are dangers which may be averted, and
which at the wont have no menace for us. Should
the roar of cannon unhappily again be heard,
there may be, as before, " sensation writers,"
ready to turn the susceptibilites of commerce and
the apprehensions of the timid to account. Bat
with an efficient navy and a powerful volunteer
army, the nation ought to resent any attempt to
disturb its self-possession.

THE BUDGET.

(Fmm the Offeerter.)

We do not presume to anticipate ; but this we are
at ►ll events happy to be able to say, that there will be no
deficiency to be provided for. Those clever writers who
base bees so iodustriously employed in fixing the amount of
the expected deficiency were not particular as to a million
or two. But the public will be agreeably surprised after all
to lad there will be no deficiency whatever. On the con.
tarry, there will be a surplus. It would, no doubt, bee very
disagreeable task for any Chancellor of the Exchequer, de-
sirous to make both ends meet, to be compelled to come
down and oak for new taxes. It must be a relief to be saved
from that unpleasant duty --all the more, when croakers
and cavillers have been amusing themselves—and irritating
the public—by estimating the deficiency at all sorts
of imaginary round numbers from two millions to
nine millions on the year, and speculating upon bow this
vast deficiency was to be made up, whether by increase of
income tax, invention of new imposts, loans, and all sorts
of emitrivances to raise the wind. However, the announce-

meet we are now enabled to make will serve to dissipate all
them serioua delusions, and the difficulty with which the
Chancellor of the Exchequer will have to deal will not be
the disagreeable teak of providing new taxes, but the only
less difficult labour of settling what burthens may be most
safely notated, and to what extent.

NEW ORLEANS, Anna.
Cotton sales to-day, 8,000 bales ; middling, 121
to 13c.

(LATEST BY TELEGRAM TEA MULTIPLE.)
NEW YORK, Aran. 4.

Judge WLean, of the Supreme Court, is dead.
Port Sumpter is on the point of being evacuated.
Two officers have arrived from Charleston, and
hold an interview to-day with the ministers at
Washington.
The Secretary of the Treasury refuses to receive
any bids for the new loan under 94.
The Nova Scotian and Kangaroo have arrived
out.

The British brig Newnham, from Rio for Liver-
pool, has been lost on Anegua. (T)
Extraordinary activity prevails in the navy yards.
IL is said that Fort Pickens will be reinforced at
all hazards.

(LATHS? IT 171201APH TO HALIFAX.)
COMMERCIAL INTELLICIENCL

NEW YORK, AY= 4.
Exchange 104. Stocks lower. Erie, 31i. New York
Central, 781. Illinois, 83.
The cotton market is firm, with middling upland at 13c.
Breadstuffs slightly lower; provisions steady.
QUEENSTOWN, &MAT.

The Royal Mail steam-ship Asia arrived here at
11 a.m. to-day, embarked the mails, passengers,
and telegrams, and proceeded at 4.20 p.m. for New
York, all well.
The Liverpool, New York, and Philadelphia
Company a steamer Vigo, Captain MiGuigan, from
New York on the 30th March, has arrived here.
The Vigo brings 12 cabin and 87 steerage passengers
and a full cargo. She landed one cabin and 26
steerage passengers. She experienced fresh breezes
throughout the passage. The Vigo passed the
Niagara.

)N, 81:111DA7 EVENING.

The United States Mail steamer Arago, Captain
Lines, with dates from New York to the 30th
March, has arrived off Cowes.
?he Arago brings 107 passengers for France and
14 for England. She also brings 1,800 dollars in
specie, and 14,942 bushels of wheat for Havre.
The Arago spoke the following ships on the
voyage home :
On the 9th April, in lat. 47.50 N. and long.
32.30 W., the barque Caroline, of and for London,
six weeks from Jamaica, who reported that on
March 18, in a gale. 300 miles N.N.E. of Bermuda,
they passed the ship William Penn, of Baltimore,
with loss of rudder, and apparently abandoned.
On April 11th, in lat. 49.10 N., long. 20.10 W.,
passed the barque North Briton, of Southampton.
On April 13, in Ist. 49.45 N., and long. 7.30 W.,
passed the ship Newcastle, steering E.
On April 15, in lat. 49.40 N., and long. 7.15 W.,
exchanged signals with an American ship steering
E., showing a private signal under her ensign,
white, black and white, in perpendicular stripes.

LIVERPOOL, SW!DAT.

The Royal Mail steamship Europe, from New
York on the 30th ult., arrived here last night,
bringing ten passengers, including the Hon. Dudley
Mann, Commissioner to Europe from the Southern
States.

EXPRESS FROM PARIS.

(now cm owx

PARIS, SUNDAY EVZNISCI.

The appearance of the Duke d'Aumale's pam-
phlet is an event even more startling and extraor-
dinary than I led you to suppose yesterday. The
rumour which I had heard of its having been seised
at the publisher's is quite true. The foot note
attributing the delay of the publication to causes
which " everyone would understand," did not
point to any permission on the part of the govern-
ment, but to the difficulty of getting a printer and
publisher. The government was taken entirely by
surprise. The pamphlet was printed at St. Ger-
main by M. Bean, a printer who has been already
more than once prosecuted for seditious works. I
bear that by some ingenious oontrivance the govern-
ment had received notice of it as "A Letter
on the History of France, by Henri d'Orle"—
instead of by Henri d'Orleans. In these days of
political pamphlets no particular attention was
paid to this one, and yesterday afternoon, K Du-
minerary, the adventurous publisher of 78, Rue
Richelieu, sold off nearly the whole edition before
the Paris authorities got any wind of the matter.
Report says that when the police came to the shop
only ten copies were found. The premium on •
oopy, which I mentioned yesterday was as high as
5(r., has risen rapidly, and I have heard of as
much as 30fr. being paid. Not one of the news-
papers ventures to make the slightest allusion to
the existence of the pamphlet. A prosecution
and a public trial must, of course, follow
the seizure, but this will be very embar-
rassing; because, however impolitic, however
ill-timed the pamphlet may be, however much it
may be the true interest of Frenchmen to side with
the government against the writer, the great sting
of it lies in the undeniable truth of the dry and
very unpleasant facts stated.
At the fashionable church of St. Thomas d'Aquin
some few days since, a Dominican monk preached
a violent sermon against the Emperor, and de-
picted the "martyrdom" of the Pope in such
touching colours that the ladies wept, and waved
their handkerchiefs when they were not wiping
their eyes with them, and the whole church buzzed
with murmured applause. This scene was the
proximate cause of K Delangle's circular.
M. Gaiffe, a writer in the Patric, and private
secretary to K. Solar, has been released from
prison. You know that he was arrested last week
on a charge arising out of the Mirba affair. By
the way, the public is beginning to think that M.
Minis is kept in custody a very long while without
being brought to triaL I hear that the delay arises
from the fact of his refusing to answer questions
put to him by the judge of instruction. If the
fact be so, it is no justification even in a French
legal point of view for keeping a man indefinitely
in prison. The French code, which has abolished
the old system of physical torture, which went by
the name of the " question," still sanctions the
moral torture of interrogatories by practised inqui-
sitors, who, taking a prisoner at every disadvan-
tage, exercise their utmost ingenuity to make him
commis himself. Happy, after all, is the prisoner
who is only charged with what he really says, but
everybody familiar with French courts of justice
knows that judges of instruction continually
put words into prisoners' mouths to suit precon-
ceived theories of the case. The law, however,
does not compel a prisoner to answer a questir"
and K Miran may very well think it more prudent
to run the risk of the prejudicial inference which
silence always raises than to furnish tho judge of
instruction with weapons against himself. At all
events, his trial ought not to be much longer delayed.
A strong impression is gaining ground that he is a
scapegoat, and by no means the worst of the bomb
to which he belongs.

The Pays, in a long article bearing the unknown
signature of A. Lomon (M. Granier de Cassagnac
having probably too much delicacy of feeling to
stand forward in person on this occasion), pronounces
against a dissolution of the Corps Legislatif, which
the Bieck, Phase, and Opinion Nationale have been
lately calling for.
Niemann has sresiliated his engagement with
the Italian Opera, and is going back to Germany
immediately.

EXTRAORDINARY PAMPHLET BY THE
DUKE IYALJbIALE.

PARIS, SATURDAY EuNncO.

An extraordinary event has happened this even-
ing. At Dumineray's, No 78, Rue Richelieu,
there has appeared, without any previous announce-
ment, a pamphlet entitled "A Letter on the
History of France," written by the Duke d'Aumale,
and signed by him ostensibly, " Henri d'Orleans.'
The pamphlet purports to be a reply to Prince
Napoleon's late attack in the senate upon the
Orleanb family. It is in fact a fierce philippic
against the empire and the Emperor. That it
should have been allowed to appear in France is
one of the most extraordinary events of modern
history. It is the concentrated essence of all the
moat violent articles in English, Italian and
(lemma papers which the French police have been
diligently seizing for the last ten years. A foot note
stating that, for reasons which every one will un-
derstand, the publication has been delayed for
some days, manifestly implies that permission has
been obtained from the government. Nevertheless
the toleration of such a sally seems to the public
so incredible, so inconsistent with all the antece-
dents of the empire, that 1 have beard it asserted
twenty times over that the publisher will be prose-
cuted. The whole edition was bought up at a rush,
and copies are selling about the streets at 5 francs,
instead of the cost price of 1 franc. I subjoin a
salient extract :

Whatever may be mid, there is no such thing 11. • parvenu
now, either at the Pahl* Royal or the Tuileries. Sovereign
hooks—and you, I suppose, claim to belong to one—know
but one parvenu—their founder. That title, for it is one,
history will give to the obscure enb-lieutanant of artillery
who, fifteen yaws after he left the school of Mame, placed
upon his head the crown of Charlemagne. But the man
Who set up his hereditary right at Strasbourg and Boulogne,
who passed without transition from exile to power, and who
calls himself Napoleon 111., is no parvenu. Yon talk now
in very magnificent terms about the roup-d'iltat of Deo. 2.
But you were not, f ound oil that day among the group of faithful
fellowen who assembled at the Enke to commit themselves
courageously to the fortunes of the new dictator. Neither
were you with the representatives of the nation who pro-
tested at the mayoralty of the tenth arrondissement and
elsewhere against the confiscation of the laws of their
country. Where were you then To this hour nobody
would !now, were it not that among the resolute men who
debated in that trying hour whether it was not their duty
to fight behind the barricades, there are some who remember
having seen you appear for a moment, but only to desolater
when, fortune having pronounced, the police came to street
them in the name of the conqueror. Believe me, don't
boast so much of your tardy zeal, and, in your retrospective
enthusiaam, beware, out of regard of your Italian friends,
of instituting between the lucky conspiracy in question
and Garibaldi's enterprise a comparison which probably
would not be to the taste of the patriot of Capron'. One
thing astonished me, and that is that the Duke of Orleans,
my grandfather, found no favour in your sight, for you,
like him, sat on the left side of • republican assembly.
There indeed the resemblance stops, for he expiated his
fault. He left the National Convention to mount the
endfold, while you descended from the benches of the
Mountain to enter the splendid mansion in which the Duke
of Orleans was born.

The Bourse was in a negative state. The Rente,
after declining to 67.45 and 67.40, became a little
firmer, and Wooed at 67.56 and 67.50, with a rise of
sc. for cash, and a fall of Sc. for account. Mobi-
liar fell 1.25. Railways were about 1.25 lower.
The Caine Mirbs fell sf.

DECENTILLLIZATION IN FRANC& . Yesterday's
lifoniteur contains a report to the Emperor by the Minister
of the Interior, followed by an Imperial decree, enacting
that henceforward the Prefecta and Sub•Prefecta shall decide
on certain departmental and communal matters which were
till now within the province of the different ministers.
M. de Persigny says, in his report :—" From the day when
the popular rota placed in your hands the destinies of
France the administration of public affairs has been a sub•

jam of constant thought to your Majesty. Yon have con.
sidered that you ought at once to maintain, in the organisa-
tion of the different powers of the state, that strong unity
which is one of the glories of the Empire, and to respond to
the wishes of the people by applying the great principle,
that though one may govern from a distance one can adult.
ulster well only close at hand. This fruitful thought in•
spired the decree of March 25, 18i2, and for the first time
the decentralization so often demanded became a reality."

The Minister then goal into details, but the decree may be
generally described as an enlargement and extension of the
one just mentioned.

The Brussels Indfpendance observes of the Duke
d'Aurnale's pamphlet that, although his royal highness
has avoided absolutely glorifying the Neapolitan govern-
ment, and proclaiming in so many words the necessity of
the temporal power of the Pope, he has made it very clear
that his sympathies in Italy are entirely on that side. He
takes in hand the defence and the justification of the con-
duct of Gesseml Lunoriciere, and the vanquished of
Quitellldardo, and menu to establish • sort of solidarity
between his own principles and those which the African
General went to Rome to defend.

A letter from Rome of the 6th says :—" The con-
clusion of the Holy Week has, as usual, proved the com-
mencement of foreign visitors' departure from the Eternal
City, and jut now railway carriages, steam-boata, and the
old-fashioned jangling vehicles of ref tar xi are all crowded
alike with homeward-bound travellers. Meanwhile, for
those Prestieri whose interest in Rome is not limited to
church ceremonies, but who delight in the enjoyment of
fresh air, equestrian exercise, and charming scenery, the
open Commas, the pine forests on the sea-shore, and
the wooded slopes of the Tuseulan or Tibertine hills,
afford ample range for riding parties, and delightful
rendezvous for the contemplation of pic-nic baskets.
The weather is faultless—the gentlemen's long boots and
the ladies' habits are placed on permanent duty, and the
Anglo-Saxon vernacular rings cheerily along the valleys as
merry parties wind round the classic castle of Pousein, or
glance upwards to the grim fortress of the 300 Fabii. Rut
the Roman farmer about this period disapproves of the
nomadic propensities of northern barbarians, and locks his
heavily-timbered gates to protect the rapidlygrowing grass
in the valleys of the Tiber, the Arno, and their tributary
streams, and to ensure an notrempled crop of hay ; so that
the lengthening days tempt our equestrians to achieve
longer distance*, and the immediate environs of Rome ate
abandoned for Veii, Ostia, Tivoli, or the lofty summit
of Monte Cavi."

A lamentable accident, attended with the loam of
three lives, occurred two days since on the river Vitalise,
noar Rennes. Four young students, who bad just com-
pleted their studies at the college of that town, hired a rib
mg boat for ao excursion on the river, and they had pro-
ceeded some diabase.) when a sudden gust of wind capsized
the boat is a place where the current was very strong.
Three of the youths, named Roussel. &Imbed, and Costlier,
all of whom could swim, were drowned, while the fourth,
who could not swim, was thrown on a sandbank, and
escaped.
At Bayeux, three days age, a Madlle. Anguimet,
who performs conjuring and sleight of hand, gave an exhi-
bition, sal reef the tricks consisted in causing the bell of
a pistol fired by a person among the spectators to lodge in
the interior of an orange. The person who loaded the pistol
moaned down the charge with the point of his cane, and
when, on a signal being given, he fired, Matlllo.Auguittet.wlio
was holding the eninge in her outstretched hand, uttered a
faint cry, turned pale, and drops of blood were seen oo her
area. She had been struck with something from the pistol- -
it is thought a grain of sand which had adhered to the cane.
Forturtely the injury was bat slight, and after retiring
for a time she continued her performance.
Tax Yar.vintrow MARRIAO? Cant—Thin celebra-,
ted case will be again brought before the Court of Common
Pier, Dublin, during the ensuing term, which commence@
to-day. It will on the present erasion be discussed before
the full court upon exceptiooa taken by the defendant's (the
Hon. Major Yelverton's) counsel to the charge of Chief
J ustice flimsier in laying down the law to the jury. The
exception@ have Menses both to the Irish and *etch mar-
riage, sad allege that the teamed judge *add haveSsid the
jury that there should be undoubted evidence that the de-
fendant wee a protestant to render the Irish merrbg• void,
and that to pram the Sant& • he should hue told
them that there should wither bs e • in writing In the
parties' theerehres to prove it or other chef 11Viallbei
I wbelfir indsneadest el thspertien Whuhlemr Anulsicse the •
court my mime* An ares ==.llse (ho t
I el liner laud House or Lords.