The Express.
London, England, 1857-04-30 00:00:00

INSTITUTE OF Ai

At the meeting of the institute, held on Tuesday at
Or room in St. dense's-square, a paper wee red by Dlr.
Fotbersa, es the "Carte of Fires in Leaden, from the
year aildke " The objeeta meths ap-
Seinelltsgwfte sigerthe di dedaes—arei yams
:ne aisiede sei=ef the must of Ark in
and bagasse devoted to
greasy with •Ilialtesie the adisties of a aces
mule seders= by the inesemeedlicee. It Mated
The lend esubse of free (eschnne of false deems
Anddiressry sin* attended by. the London fire brigade
holm the 24 years was 17,816, giving en average of 742 in
tade peer, or about 2in every 24 hours. For the last eight
yams the average had been exactly 272. end for the Lot three
yeas 261. The average number of tires in each year for
the deter years from 1833 to 1848 was, totally destroyed,
26.4; nonsidonbly damaged, 194.2; slightly damaged, 432.5 ;
total, 654.1; and for the last eight years It had been, totally
destroyed, 26.7; considerably damaged, 273.9; slightl
damaged, 615; total, 918.6. From this it app
that while the total yearly averages had aili7inQ
during the lout eight years by about 40 per
cent., the number where the destruction had been
complete remained almost the same. The number consider-
ably damaged had also increseed just in proportion to the
total Increase Of fires caused by (midden, curtains, or gas,
these at beguiles showed 7.5.3 per rent.; at drapers, 61.8; at
homes, 62.7; at private houses, 47.9; at blacking-
makers,4o; while in 22 trades out of 96 enumerated there
had net been any fires traced to these muses, though in the
eau of founders there had been as many es 61 fires. It WY
dear that the mode of fixing the lights, the dressing of
shop window end the witting of stone or furnaces de-
served 'on in estimating ride. Amongst the
ceases included, but which were of rare ixeurrenee, some
were curious, as sewing and reading in bed (of which there
had bust 26 cases in the twenty-four years), hunting hugs,
thawing water-pipes, frying fisb, bursting of apirit bottles,
suicide by charcoal, warming beds, scaling letters, &e. The
number of unknown causes did not exceed, for env trade, 30
per tent. of the risks considered least hazardousby the in-
surance offices and rated accordingly. Churchea and chspele
showed the largest, and a very considerable per restage of
total destruction as compared with the number of firm, vie.,
8.8, which was higher than amongst carpenters, japanners,
lamp black makers, musical instrument makers, varnish
makers, and many other extmuely dangerous business ;
the rearm being probably that plane of worship were usually
left unoccupied when not in actual use, conerquently,
when a tire broke out it bad greater epportunity of develop-
ing itself and gaining a firm hold of the building before
assistance arrived. In this clam of property sixty per cent.
of the total damage was oreasioned by Rum furnaces and
moves. Amongst the trades which had funnelled no butanes
of total destruction. were, strange to say, colour =diem
illicit distillers, herder match makers, and others, which were
considered extremely hazardous. There had been only Mx
tires amongst printer's ink makers, where either total deotribc-
lion or considerable damage had ensued. Thirty-four fires in
theatres showed no medium between entire destruction and
slight damage. From these data he argued that there were
difficulties (owing to deficient information) in arriving at
a correct estimate of fire rishe, so so to apportion the mule of
charge to different dames of buildings and buildings devoted
to different purposes, which did not exist in the vase of lit°
risks, where healthy lives of the mute ago night generally be
taken at tbesame rate without injustice either to the office or
the sensed.
In the course of a brief dincussion which followed, it wag
suggested by Mr. Millar that much might be done by a
proper sismitleation, combining the various elements of rink ;
and other speakers escrowed doubts whether the difficulties
of arriving at an estimate sufficiently accurate for the pur-
pose were as great as Mr. Yothergill seemed to suppose. An
idea thrown out by Mr. Porter that the tire offices 'should in
all cases fix their reale as for total loss, and return the
surplus of profits which much a stale would rive them to the
assured, as many of the pith offices shared their surplus
profits with the 1...8ey-holders, was strongly objected to, and
against it woo advanced the opinion that the scale of pre-
miums both in life and fire assuranre should ho that which
would cover the risk, and that even in the ewe of life
assurance the time would corm, when that office would be
considered the soundest which returned the smallest bones.

THE ENGLISH AND IRISH MAGNETIC TELEfill A PHIC
COMPANY.—The annual general meeting of the shareholders
in this company was boa yer.terday in the CLirendon Rooms
Liverpool • Mr. J. C. Ewort, prenkling. The report
was a mod satisfactory one, the rZecipin baying increased
during the last half-year of 18.56 to 1,2011. once those of the
first half-year, while the working expenroo were le,s by 4001.
Thin was independent of a large additeinal expenditure in-
curred in the repair of lines injured by the severe storms of
July, August, end December. The report gave every satis-
faction, and won unoniruounly . doptod.
[Advertisement.] EuIoANT Nov Evil ES FOR
Faseeya-112. Ret, at street, aayi Nu. 4. Lea.kniball!tzeet. Leaden.—
Onions, moo, tone sot low y amt. emit :era inanu.acnye, jr tote.-
bags nod divalOo.i.cams. Yfort.busos. anA work ULM,. let.
stop le. tone. The lantiat goat la Euel Aid of yinyno {omens,
lytiting.deoka am kgeeae,. derivatoil bow; leaca:cl a, lookuvomns.
mid Tile prolate. in firma otreet eateuti Into
owyboymeayeet, and ere worthy of forpuetio• r atrinan of elinfan..
emit. kberytbing for the ...Ye and Armin.' do. Bart tooth
heaths. 9d. beA Ned selarore and pwrkalwa. Is. r.u. The
ynenf newly of smash mew, rayon, odor Wu*. uudida 14. far
100,1114 r. Mere,'. tetabliubincelo Imo been en loon famed.
[Rtlyellisentelll.]-110LI.OW AT'S OINTMENT AND
Pill" tar I- Slivri..dro Cr., ye, nr Ton Au.—John e•tri.
Deptford. in 'War to PrOLIMOr 11010.11 r. turd Sera mner 19. Mt
Mateo Of A hi. wife •uffetail nearly lair Mi. nub. ulcerated ter. Abe
tbe on ern tient the fatuity without flitalnlei the
AAA.' &Mutation of tub ; at In*. e aye Mat.
meat and F Ile. the wooed% ireuy quickly healed. Ile • obenblee
esprosine M, trartfell plumate to one who ye Ned the 'Wank wodre.
ih,thhdrh,,,hka.a. vl ...tofu., M, wife to perfect lustily V. 1.1 i. all
Medians welytere thrown:out tire iff rot Profeoror ll.dln, nya Leis.
bildiniente. 241. • Omni. Loodon. sad LlO. Heiden lane. New York ; by
A. Nam" Cuwalawthauds ; A. tOdoky, Mona ; wad /k Main, Yalta.

TEE DAILY NEWS : LONDON MORNING
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