The Express.
London, England, 1861-10-08 00:00:00

than theirs."

As a railway train, in which was King Louis of
Bavaria, • few days back, approached lianelasch, near
Munich, it came into collision with two horses and a cart,
which were going over the line at a level crossing. The
horses were crushed to death, and the vehicle and a peasant
who was in it were thrown a considerable distance. The
man, who was asleep, sustained no injury. The train was
not damaged. _ _ _

The excavations which are being made for the
canal for the Isthmus of Suez have led to the discovery at
Gizeh of a religious edifice as vast as the Louvre, and which
was constructed more than five thousand years ago. At
Karnac also a temple, the circuit of which is stated to be
four kilometres (24 miles), has been discovered, and another
wt Edfou, containing twenty saloons. The walls of these
latter edifices are decorated with sculptures, hieroglyphics,
and paintings, still fresh.
EXTRAORDINARY RINI OF THE MlLL—Messrs.
Glees, Elliot, and Co. have received a Wage= from Alex.
andria, dated 8.50, Sunday evening, arrived in London
Monday morning, 9.29. The Nile has risen 243 feet (!) ;it
roes Friday night ore foot. _Them leagues of railway and
telegraph have been deetroysa ; great damages; oss of the
palaces of the Pasha under water. Paamegors for India
left last night for Cairo by steamer. It is supposed that
the same steamer will carry the mails coming from Bom-
bay. Steamer for Marseilles not yet left Alexandria. The
whole length of the line of submarine cable from Alexan-
dria to Malta works marvellously well.

SOCIAL Piwuigos IN ITALY.—Lady Bowling
writes to the Inquirer :—" During a protracted stay in
Italy, I bad unusual opportunities of visiting educational
establishments, being introduced by residents. At Leghorn,
Florence, and Genoa, I inspected several schools ; in the
two letter cities they were principally those set on foot, and
supported by the respective municipal bodies, and I wee sur-
prised to And how much bed been effected in the short
spans of two years. The educational course is not so en-
larged as in this country, but comprises reeding, writing,
and arithmetic (well taught) ; with the rudiments of his-
tory and geography, and the elements of drawing. Singing
seems to come naturally to the Italian child; in gprli
schools, which intellectually I usually found inferior to the
boys, I saw excellent needlework, both plain and fancy;
elegant embroidery being executed under the supennten-
dorms of the teachers, by the children, for the churches
end private families. The schools of the municipality are
free to the poorer members of the community, bat I some-
times found a separate class in theism* building, who paid
remuneration fees. Everywhere I observed intelligence,
cleanliness, and order on the part of the pupils— aptitude
and seal on that of the masters. Private benevolence is by
no means wanting ; infant schools and industrial establish-
ments are usually entirely de dent upon it; and in these
food and clothing are partially supplied. In addition
to pecuniary assistance, the highest in the kid give wet
only the weight of their 'genies, but devote much of their
time to en object they have so much at heart—the myna.
ration of the people.

1861.

ITALY.

(fox OUR OWN CORILESPOSDIST.)
ROME, Ocr. 2.

The shocking intelligence you have perhaps got
by this time, which lays at the account of this
sadly mistaken despotism the hasty shedding of
innocent blood, as I have shown you, by the
harshest exercise of judicial powers under a system
that makes it hardest to discern between innocence
and guilt—this requires not much comment from
me. The prosecution of Cesare Locatelli, which
may scarcely be called a trial, and the execution
that I witnessed last Saturday week, followed so
promptly by the certain news of his presumed
offence having been confessed by another man, can-
not, however, pass from the mind so soon. These
facts beconung now matter of discussion in the
rmall circles of Italian and foreign society at
Rome, where the misrule under which the Roman
people suffer is daily remarked and lamented, we
feel a painful, almost an awful sense of the dire
effects of misplaced political supremacy, and the
mischief that comes from still admitting here in
practice the right divine of priests to govern
wrong. Few additional particulars have yet
reached Inc. Giacomo Castrucci, the man
who gave himself up last week to the
royal procurator of the tribunal of First In-
stance at Florence, acknowledging himself to be the
person from whom the Papal gendarme received his
mortal wound, had stayed in Rome till the 13th
ult., a week after Locatelli's trial. He thou
left the Pope's dominions on purpose to make this
avowal, because, though he might plead to an act of
justifiable or venial homicide, having struck that
blow, as he declares, amidst the scuffle and conflict,
in self-defence against the sword of the gendarme,
he would have been certain, as well as Locatell i, to
be condemned for the capital crime of murder if he
surrendered to take his trial here. Until Loca-
telli's trial on the 6th Castrucci had seemingly
iinaginecl that the accused prisoner might possibly
be acquitted for want of evidence, or at
least of the capital charge. Now this,
I beg you to observe, was the direct and
the fatal consequence of that abominable system of
secresy, dark, blank, and blind concealment, in
which all criminal procedure here is involved
from the day of arrest to the day after execution ;
that is, to the afternoon when at daybreak the
headsman did his office and lopped away a forbid-
den life. Suppose the trial to have been fair—and
it was cruelly, foully prejudiced—suppose the wit-
nesses to have been honest—and we all believe that
some were perjured—it is the denial of publicity,
throughout this whole case, from the 30th of June
to the 21st September, when the printed sentence
came out, hours after the victim of that silent,
arbitrary, close tribunal was put to death—it is
this, I say, which has falsified the course of justice
anddestroyed a guiltless man. This precluded other
witnesses from coming in to give their evidence in
his favour. The advocate officially appointed to
make a perfunctory defence did not seek those
witnesses ; he could not know even at the
trial, and none but the authors of the
prosecution, and the prelatical judges, can yet know
individually who were the witnesses against him.
None of us have even yet been permitted to read
their depositions, or to compare and sum up the im-
port of each. How, then, could such a man as
Castrucci be aware, until it was too late, that the
prosecutors had contrived to show an apparent case
against Locatelli 1 This delayed the saving con-
fession. Let those who are not dwelling in Rome
believe, if they will, that there was no corruption
of testimony or of judgment—that six or eight
Pontifical gendarmes told the truth—that the
French soldiers, one of whom struck wildly about
with his bayonet in the struggling crowd, were cool
and credible spectators—and that the six reverend
monsignori who form the bench of the Sagra
Consults all equitably weigh:d the decision
which they support by a garbled statement, a
malicious commentary, and perverse assumptions
of fact. Let the court and the witnesses be honest,
is it not clear that to this private manner of trial.
a feature which accords with the essential spirit of
the Papal government, the wrongful death of
Locatelli is due 1 There is another feature in the
affair more grievous still. After the trial was
rumoured, for it was never announced to have taken
place, Castrucci lingered in Rdme six or seven
days, because he did not think the sentence could
be executed so soon am the following week. Felons
who have perpetrrted the most atrocious murders
are here brought to the scaffold many months, or
several years after their lives are doomed to for-
feiture ; there is one now, a noted robber, whose
execution is said to be appproaching for having killed
a geudarme, not from any political motive, but in
personal vengeance, one Sunday morning in the
Piazza Montanara, about a year ago. Castrucci
went away, therefore, on the 13th, believing there
would be ample time for his declaration to take
effect, and when be got to Florence he wrote to a
certain bland monsignor, charged with the police
administration of Rome, to say what he had to
say. There was sonic rumour of this, and I learn
that one of the Pope's chamberlains asked the
monsignor if he had received such a letter ; to
which monsignor answered yes, but that he did not
think it worth attention. Castrucci then, getting
no reply from the Roman authorities, gave himself
up to those of Florence • but by that time the
Pope's guillotine had been set in operation to rid
the Pope's monarchy of one troublesome subject,
who was not, however, as I am assured by all who
knew him, at all an 11-behaved man in any other
relations of life. Poor brave Locatelli ! Questa
mw l Cultism gangue die si sparge per Cltatxi. I
fear, not quite the last.

• THE CONSERVATIVE LAND SOCIETY.
I (THIS DAY.)

This afternoon the thirty-sixth quarterly general
meeting of the members of the above society wee held at
the Whoa., Norfolk-street, Strand, Colonel KROWNIAAV
Knox, M.P., is the chair.
Mr. GauxtiNEN, the secretary, having read the wirer-
Wilmot convening the meeting,
The CHAIRMAN read the report, which was as follows:
• The financial year having ended on the 30th of Septem-
ber. laid, it is the pleasing duty of the executive com-
mittee in presenting their thirty-sixth quarterly report to
iudicate in the annexed returns the highly satidactory state
of the society's operations during the past twelve mouths:

Marls
Quartets ending I in

IMums,
emu. TotM
pideaAltanm

Receipts.

s. d.
16,30616 8
14,733 1 2
17,•80 3 10
32, Me 13 11

1Y0,646 2 2
,000 8 7