The Northern Daily Times.
Liverpool, Merseyside, England, 1853-12-12 00:00:00

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li ARRIVAL OF THE " ARABIA."
1/4e i4British and *North American royal mail steamer
,111,,' CaptainJudkins, arrived in the Mersey yester-
d:7inig at half-past seven o'clock, after a passage of
}B, from New York, having left that port at nine
' the morning of the 30th ult. By her we have
er
ur usual files of papers and correspondence, which
ttlqa later than those previously received.
American steamer Atlantic, from this 'port, arrived
~i7\i' York at four o'clock on the morning of the 29th
t 4
advices to the 16th. She experienced very bad
kr ,4 the voyage.
4,744abia has brought home 122 passengers, and
It4l/4 dollars in specie.
r'44l,ktN- .
steamer City of Glasgow, which sailed hence
th ult., reached Pniladelithia on the 26th.
'lmo day, at Philadelphia, the tow-boat Thomas
'Ao and capsized a small boat containing a
arsons, going out to the emigrant ship l'us-
'arrived, opposite Race-street. Some six or
who were 'in the boat are supposed to' have

Bavaria, Captain Bailey, had arrived at New
Melbourne in 88 days. Bhe lest Port Philip
same day as the _lndian Queen, and therefore
are not later than those already received in this
'le has brought the first shipment of gold direct
ne to New York, amounting to 120,000, con
.essrs. Adams and Co., express agents, New

been but little chang 3 in the markets for bread-
'd b usiuess had been done without change *prices,
:e was an upward tendency. The stock uu hand
cited, and hence holders evinced bid little dis-
effect sales. There was an active demand for
remittance by the Arabia, and the quotations
'ere firm at 109 k to, 110, the greater portion
As being done at the latter figure. The money
kt4s easier, and hi consequence there was a better
k,,,,t(. the stock market. The failure of Philo.Shelton
'ik'tiji,ill is announced. The liabilities are set down at
6417°. Considerable returns are expected from Australia
,Ikurala, OtislLWeed.agent of the Wenham Lake
tAS„,t'ally, who it is said, Las sailed for Australia, has
Vtit,s behind him to the amount of from 650,000 to
Nearly one-half of which is to the company.
l'k, 1400 of the Bank of British North America, reported
kt,,ttPU, as stolen at St. John, New Brunswick
AV-Le property of the bank, but. of a private
1L4,1
4,!, and have since been recovered.
0),,,th of Mr. Russell .11.. Nevins, at his house, in
tOtsti-ec) had been. announced. lie was the head of thi.,
thAtt,-.utlgouse of Nevins, Townsend & Co. Mr. kathu
°::,"ttl:,' auother of the partners, died some months ago.
.t. ""cillen had retired from active business in Wail-
ii!'le
,s -(44
0444s1Zercial list says, business generally is about as
'ON 'tat, at this dull period of tae season. There is
"ili absence of speculation throughout the ordinary
4 totiltit trade) and business was rarely, if ever, conducted
/I. choler basis than at present, and the mercantile classes,
,44 ttity) Lit is believed, are now in a better position
4Of ti'LhaVe been at any period during the fall. The
01; ly b'avY payments is over, and the money market is
Nte,ccung easier, consequent upon the liquidations
4kies "rigeraents heretofore involving the outlay of large
tat e,,eaPltal. Thus, we see large sums offered in tue
are ,:014Paratively low rates of interest, and invest-
tli(., n, trout in bonds and mortgages, which has. not
.t iliZee for some mouths past. The banks
i1,,,,a,v1.-int:
aseq) ttleolltractiopsp.
en a 1) (ailitod tmheeeirt toe wants 016 their CILf-
4teis,',',k;t% y arei: "Itek;ling exchange has again slightly
tue arr.;„ , -;'„. probable increased shipments of gold,
er,tra-za`B .7010. Caiiforiiiit continue large, and the
Xt
ill, "") wthen sans to-clay, takes out only about
,°ll of uoliars, which is considerably less titan had
Yv been anticipated.
64' York lima states that it has reason to believe
i bject of building a railway to the Pacific, is about
til hP in New x ork under individual auspices of
;4•N t commercial and financial stauding, and by men
k,,:l,,6'tanue and ability, who will at once command
4,,t.k 41 a9kl. confidence ,of teem goverame3d4, and, baoa jale.
Y•544,(1 la the way of private subscriptions.
i; it:, lions Bangor say the navigation,. is closed'
tine
i u anchor. ice with tue surface ice making' aauNl,l 91' et several feet in thickness. TaLre are from
yr'its ,011ty vessels, enclosed in the ice, besides the
44„-Ija,nzel Webster, of Boston, and Eusteirn State.-
, 1,-4 umeats made en
attempt on Sunday,
to force
ki,1,,,Y through,. but abandoned it, and returned to
'. 444'es• The ice obstruction extends. about five
tit of f „contract has been made this morning with the
i,:Llitk,""iiipping owners and Colonel John Goddard'
st.-",., uunnitig to cut a channel and get out the
lob "". Per ton, which will amount to about $14,000.
)itiil
04 t, last about seven days, and the railroad force
140. 4411 ed to the removal of tile ice. ''" ." '
k,!, 4
~ottrcui Gazette says a very large amnia of ton-
k;;Ll lc,t',L.,h\v lying in Montreal, and in the Beauharnois
‘,ll4ls4`lper
from sea
is now stopped. Goods are
,_ll ...,i,&g from sea for above.
had arrived at
tie,\4lj,4. .Aitchell, the Irish "felon;'
°l.l%llQt.' s,\‘‘ the steamer Prometheus from &in Francisco.
Tii,lch ivi I've,l,,it hearty and enthusiastic reception, a report
ttit „: advir,' be found iu another column. .
Si.', that-'8 from Washington do not add much of lute-
% kNe P; Previously known. The Herald's correspondent
‘litu e 8 irja' Nd eJaL' s message is said to be completed. it
N is car in tone to the inaugural, as far as our foreign
*,it reii ,tc;_tleerned. It will emphasize the compromise
Wli,litll4,'N'ujeli the President on ail occasions avows as his
kk,,tiue re„'ark. In this respect a singular state of 'facts
44.,,..44 ''„resented. While the compromise measures are
Into
tope
text book, the administration has managed to
I)i; to4e men who fought the compromise battle, and to
kttt4io„, Power its bitterest enemies. Not to Jefferson
IliY Of the Henry Clay and Lewis Cass have entrusted the
04;4e compromise measures, nor would they have
SL4lllitiv ;John Van Buren as the champion to guard them.
rtv tr:i."alid its friends assert that the opposition to the
,N'4,4,-.1011 will amount to nothing, because they do not
N'tekif Person will be found to lead it. Of the mem-
-1.0 41 assembled here, however, more than two-thirds
~,, lttt,,,4°{llace- the policy pursued by Marcy and Guthrie.
nzt,illq. from Washington, dated the 29th ult., says :—I
1/4tiSi, received highly important information on tue sub-
,t:,,llegotiation between the United States and Great
,Pea °Pecting the Fisheries, Reciprocity, ace. A treaty
\
46')),1 all adjustment of all these subjects was agreed
4:-L1(1k Marcy and Mr. Crampton, and was sent to
11ritli Ut seven days ago. It is supposed that it will
k.til ' kehtetire approbation thL re.
iNt,414., ;etal terms of the treaty are sufficiently well-known
It; to ~e to say that, the treaty concedes American Re-
th:rie provincial vessels, and also allows them the coast-
ren,. the United States..
ir2'll:l, ,''Y provides for the free interchange of wheat, In-
,lo 44revisions of all kinds, agricultural products ge-
kiiihtqfitLtcilltural implements, &c. A general interchange
IFitui‘tt fel,: sin fine, provided for. .We are to obtain tue
'i,'"tltraie„.`tOln of the fisheries, and a market for our own
t'''titttlii;:ldsome otherproducts, particularly implements
tat,,tqll e•
kNci: ia4 Y to be feared that our Protectives will oppose the
N,,tii",,,44,1.the ground of its granting registers to colonial
file athnittin them to our. coasting trade. But the
.111,0,4)„,:rkbiks free trade are yet to conquer. -
Sea liear Sultana from Smyrna for Boston, has been
tillet,, the latter city. Martin KoSzta was among her
e k •
Vlit 6slatu
ki, ttv res of the various States were fast assemblingd
tit), by thetil'a dispatch of business, and the messages ea-
r, 'i(,st th :' various governors generally give a favourable
'f.t .11th eir
t,1),,,' (L'ar, Progress and present condition. The governor,
l4c4` Wa, :1131a states, that the funned debt on the Ist of
t'lktii„ llbn")870,986, and the assets 64,175,542 ;
t blish eriPtiaa of 6750,000 to the Buie Ridge railroad,
kilti4 torilm.e." 01 a board of education, and the appoint-
Vttp4tich, Illtssiehers of public instruction. Relative to
,hNi; it i` of boundary with Georgia; he recommends sub-
Oita li: the decision of the Supreme Court of the United
1,,q,,t) e,.shays the cases of Manuel Perrera and Reuben
Otkditheirltl. seamen, are settled, and adds that the con-
/itiks4iititsw,s British government in the latter. stage of the.
% ittt,ator, s S. . entirely proper and respectful es to claim
t°4"it0t.t.41,404 tPirit in the legislature on the subject; in-
Itltit-114-te pr° the French Consular Convention, in refe-
Gt,4llorts by Gisteach holding real estate iu Carolina, and
iltt4'ot ipte ng that it is well known that the legislature
ti ot °lltli hguished head of the nation as a fair expo-
kiL4),. ,Ntt.,,!.trOlilla principles, disregarding all local Ws-
ieke,,ell, 071,0hs for emoluments or spoils of office.
ki,`Fr lrok t', Texas, in speaking of the construction of a
illll‘l tit.ettl icy
oue Mississippi river to El Paso-, says :
VI tili" tletivvra knowledge of the country, and from in-
ph b, tl from the most reliable sources, lam con-
Nill,i,, or,
Bao.r the
best track will be found to be from
Sq(li, (1r et me other point below, on the Mississippi,
Nt; iit4Nl IA: about the thirty-second degree of north
Itatice in s„hltig.that line to El Paso, or its neighbour-
‘ „,,„,1 the direction .of the head waters of the G'ial
e same by the most practicable route, to

)00f
rice

79
,oto

San Diego, on the Pacific. This is the route that nature in-
dicates by features so apparent that neither party bias nor
sectional interests can conceal them.
" Even in the most rigorous winters there would be no
snows nor ice sufficient to delay or obstruct the progress of
completing the road, or at any time to interrupt its regular
communication ; nearly the entire route, but particularly
that portion between the Mississippi and the Rio Grande,
would pass through a mild and genial climate, over a country
level,. or gently undulating, and rich and beautiful as any on
the North American continent. With the great advantages
thus afforded her by nature, would it not be a species of
madness on the part of Texas to disregard her rich boon,
and allow the opportunity to pass by without using every
exertion to accomplish an enterprise more stupendous in its
results than any which has hitherto engaged the attention of
mankind." _

-Nothing inure is needed to secure the construction of the
road through the limits of the state than a liberal donation
of the public domain to any responsible company. The
governor is of opinion that the project is strictly constitu-
tional. Of other and more local schemes of railroad con-
nection, the message says :
"While I would advise you to foster and encourage, by
every legitimate and proper means, the railroad enterprises
already or hereafter to be chartered, with the view of con-
necting the interior of our state with the gulf coast, I wish
you to Understand that the recommendation is confined
solely to such roads as commence and terminate at judicious
points —to such as will be of manifest utility, and for the
completion of which the most satisfactory assurances may
be given."
The governor of Alabama delivered a message of such
length that even the Alabama papers are reluctant in giving
it entire. It is, nevertheless, able and well written, and
gives an interesting detail of the affairs of the state.
The governor renews his former proposition in relation to
the government lands lying within the state. These lands
ought to be granted to the state, he says, and recommends
the legislature to take steps to bring the matter before
congress. If the grant were made it might be used for the
benefit of works of internal improvement.
Tinder the head of banks various suggestions are made,
the chief of which is that to relieve the demand for change,
and supply the absence of small coin. The banks should be
authorised, if it be the will of the people, to issue to a
limited extent bills of a less denomination than five dollars.

A considerable space is occupied in relation to the Pacific
railroad. The plan of giving aid by the general
.govern-
ment, through grants of lands, is approved.
The outstanding debt of the state is about $4,500,000.
The governor notices that the credit of the state stands high,
and its stock is sought for by capitalists as a safe and reliable
investment. In relation to a surplus in the national
treasury, over and above the wants of the government, he
thinks the money may be loaned with safety to railroad
companies, on proper security.
In relation to slaves and their sale under execution, the
governor says : —The code very properly provides that slave
children of tender years shall, at, judicial and other sales, be
offered with their mothers, where the defendant in execution,
&c., is the owner both of the mother and children; and that at
such sales slaves must be offered, and, if practicable, sold in
families. But it is allowable for either of the parties in
interest to impair, to a
.great extent, these very salutary
enactments. These provisions, in my judgment, should be
absolute, at least as it respects mothers and children of ten
years of age and under, and husband and wife, where the
latter relation is admitted by the owner of the slaves. These
are relations which moral duty requires us to respect, and
it can be no violation of policy to conform municipal law to
good morals. It is universally conceded that slaves are
reasonable beings—with the moral feelings, it is true, often
obtuse, but susceptible of improvement. The husband and
wife generally cherish affection for each other, and the
mutual attachment of mother and child is unusually strong.
The mother is not always a wise counsellor, but she must
be presumed to be the most constant and sincere the child
has. Let, then, the latter enjoy this parental oversight
during childhood, that it may be the better prepared, by
good principles and industrious habits, to act its part
afterwards.

The'propriety of exempting slaves from execution, either
to a partial or unlimited extent, is a question of expediency
merely—an excess of credit is certainly a great evil in this
State, often prejudicial to the interest of the debtor, occa-
sionally so to the creditor—injurious to public morals, and
productive of much suffering in families. So far, then, as such
a measure may affect credit, it.is not very objectionable. It is
entirely easy for the owner of slaves or other property, to
withdraw it from liability to creditors, by a gift made in
good faith to his wife or children when he was free from
debt, though he afterwards retain possession and become in-
debted. 1,4 othwithsiauding such a gift, the donor is usually
permitted to enjoy a portion of the income derived from the
property, if necessary to his personal support. The pur-
chase of an exemption of slaves from execution, by causing
their names to be registered with the probate judge, will
but substantially effect the same purpose, and is certainly
nut more iirejudical to credit and the rigiita of creditor.
The relation of master and slave is certainly an interest-
ing one—the severance of which is always painful to the
grateful and considerate master and the dutiful and grate-
ful servant. Our interest in slaves cannot be regarded in
all respects similar to that we enjoy in mere beasts or in-
animate chattels. This is indicated by the provision which
so many masters are, making for their moral iinproiement,
as well as the severe penalty by which our legislative acts
endeavor to enforce their humane treatment.
Whap effect the measure referred to would have upon the
institution of slavery at home, I am nut prepared to say.
Whether public sentiment demands or would approve it,
coming directly from the people, you will be able to deter-
mine. No enactment of such political importance should
be passed without an assurance that popular opinion will
sustain it, lest by reaction injurious consequences may re-
sult.

The mortality on board emigrant ships at sea continues to
a very alarming extent. The reports contained in the papers
now to hand, are really appalling. Between the 26th and
30th ult., the packet-ship George Hulbert had arrived
at New York from Havre. She left that port with 615
passengers, 75 of whom died during the voyage. The ship
.Rochambeau, from Liverpool, had arrived at New York, and
during the voyage she lost eleven of her passengers. She
had 416 on board when she left this port. The 5i1.48 Green-
man, from Liverpool, lost twenty-seven during the passage.
The Helvetia, from Havre, lost may two. The packet-ship
New World left this port with 754 passengers, but on her
arrival at New York she had only 679—seventy-five having
died during the. passage. The Marathon, from Liverpool,
lost sixty-tour out of 522, with which she sailed from this
port. We give in another column a list of the names of the
passengers who havedied at sea on board these ships; but
we may notice here one important fact, as stated in the New
York Commercial Advertiser, which tends to show that this
fearful mortality is not the result of any bad ventilation or
overcrowding of emigrant ships, as is generally supposed.
It appears that the deaths occur during the early part of
the voyage, and that during the latter part, generally good
health prevails.
Our New York contemporary says :—The ship Marathon,
Tyler, arrived this morning from Liverpool, after a passage
of 59 days. She, has lost 64 of her passengers during the
passage. The first death occurred on the day Capt. Tyler
left Liverpool, and the sickness continued until the ship had
been fifteen days at sea. Since that time the passengers
have enjoyed comparative health. The Marathon had 522
passengers. In reference to the New World, he says :
When Capt. Knight left Liverpool he had on board his ship
754 passengers, and brought into port 679, seventy-five
having died on the passage, of cholera. Three died while
at anchor in the Mersey, and from that day until the I2th
lust., it assumed a very malignant type, and raged with
vekt. vinlPneA. Since the 12th thr,e has been only one new
case, although several previously attacked, died. • About two-
thirds of the dead were Germans.

Accounts which had reached Boston from Charlottetown,
Prince Edward Island, reports, that a new barque built there,
which sailed about twelve days agO for Liverpool, was totally
wrecked when only three days out on the voyage. She was
fully insured in New York. Name not given.
The Cineinnatti Gazette gives the following account of the
loss of 100.000 dollars worth of property by fire in that city.
About one o'clock on Thursday afternoon, tire was discover-,
ed in the:roof of the Catholic church in Congress-street,
near Butler, which was put out without much loss. At
sne o'clock on Friday morning, the stable of the Peach Or-
chard Coal Company was set on fire, and 16 valuable horses
consumed.

At two o'clock, immediately after, fire was discovered in
the pattern shop of D. A. Powell's extensive stone-finishing
shop, on Butler-street, and in spite of the herculean labours
of the fire department, it and valuable contents of machine
patterns and work were entirely consumed. Part of the new
engine of. the water works was among the unfinished work
destroyed. Loss to Mr. Powell at least $75,000, beside
$20,000 insured.

The Washington Star states that the Postmaster-general
had received information that Austria, with her dependen-
cies, has consented to the postal arrangement with Bremen,
and hereafter the whole of the Austrian empire is to be in-
cluded in the European continental arrangement to which
the treaty applies.
From the same authority, we learn that the mail steamer
Washington, will not leave New York on the 3rd of Decem--
ber, her appointed day ; but the Bremen steamer Germania,
will take her place,

LATEST & EXCLUSIVE.

We have received telegraphice advices from New Orleans
to the afternoon of the 29th ult., and from Charleston to the
same date. At the former place the cotton market was
quiet, the sales on the preceding day barely reached 1,500
bales.

We regret to learn that the cholera had broken out, and
prevailed to a serious extent. The board of health report
that, during the week there had been 261 deaths, of which
129 were from cholera. The victims were mostly emigrants.
Mr. E. J. Carrol, formerly editor of the Crescent City, was
numbered among the dead. The weather is reported as
rainy and sultry.

The following vessels had • arrived : Westminster, Mem-
phis, Cornelia, Linden, and Josiah Bradlee,

From Charleston, we learn that tht steam-ship Falcon
had arrived there from Havannah short of coal, having
experienced very bad weather. She furnishes no political
news of interest. The 'favourite Spanish actress of Tacon
theatre had been murdered by her husband, who afterwards
destroyed himself. The event had a great excitement, and
the.alleged cause was infidelity.
Our correspondent manifestly alludes to the notorious
lady, Lola Montz, who, some time since, was joined in
wedlock to the editor of an Havannah paper. We, how-
ever, do nbt venture to supply the name,. or to verify the
fact.

THE NORTHERN DAILY TIMES.

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