The Express.
London, England, 1857-08-18 00:00:00

THE _EXPRESS, TUESDAY EVENING, AUGUST 18, 1857.

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LONDON. TUESDAY, AUGUST 18.

Wnee, in the summer of last year, it became
necessary to provide retiring stipends for Bishops
ELONFIELD and MALTBY, at their resignation of
the Sees of London and Durham, we ventured to
press on the Government the importance and neces-
sity of making the measure they were then obliged
to introduce a general end not a special one. Other
cases of episcopal resignation were, we pointed out.
likely to arise, and provision ought to be at once
made which disabled or incapable Bishops might
either voluntarily take advantage of, or be compelled
to accept. Government persisted in pealing a special
Act applicable only to these resignations ; they pro-
mised, however, to prepare a general measure ; bat,
though another episcopal resignation has since been
made, that measure seems as far off as ever. Lord
ItAILIOWBY, indeed, in reply to Lord DUNGANNON's
question last Friday night, intimated that he had no
doubt such a measure would be brought in by
Government; but it is needless to observe that a
vague expression of belief like this imports no pro-
mise and involves no pledge.
It is perhaps hardly necessary to remark that no
one proposes or wishes to give retiring Bishops
superannuation allowance; oat of the public raeourees.
if that, indeed, were possibk, we should have no
delay at hesitation on the question ; bat as the
State is this country does not pay the clergy of the
Established Church, its Bishops have, of course, no
claim for retiring imam oat of the funds of the
Btaks. The Cher* is not only rich enough to And
mess is support them in their retirement, but in
the large and increasing ramarese of the Eeele-
dabs' Fend there are ample means of haat*,
perm allowances.
It boa been suggested, indeed, that on the retire-'
most of a Bishop the superannuation fixed for him
should become a charge, sot on the common fund et
the Ikeletestiesl Commission, bat on the income of
kis emeasaer and nodoebt clergymen in every respect
esespetat Ike the episcopate would be found willing
ts Neap the sumessiort on such terms. Bat it is,on the
other hand, only fair to observe that the expenses of
the vises's' ace fall most heavily on a Bishop in
the Int yeare of hie incumbency. The wiser course
would as doubt be to diminish the general expenditure
of Biehops,by removing them from the House of Lords,
by taking awayfreas them the character of Princes of
the Church, by Owing them in their eateral
end most *AI situation at the head of
their clergy, by giving them moderate residences
to lire in, and a leases* state only to keep up--
fa duet, by relieving them from the false position
which has daserard aeon them, rather as heirs of
Pada= this es Fathom of the Faith. As, how-
ever, us as at present serionsly proposes to do
this, we sanest bawdy or truthfully say that their
existing Weems are, ss a general role, too great for
their pretensions and their necessary expenditure as
spiritual hells. A time will, so doubt, come when
the °plaice oldie Legislature and of the country on
the whole &int of Episcopacy will be different
from that which new appears to prevail I but until
that time arrives we must deal with this question in
the only way that existing eirenastusees, feelings,
and prejudices will permit.

The came of Dr. HINDS, the late Bishop of
Iforwich--edverted to by Lord DIINGAIIMON—is
not only a hard but an instructive are. The late
Dr. BLOM/I=D and Dr. MALTBY tendered their
resignations es terms, and on very high terms. They
made, tee, the Snider in melt a way as to gin it..
to isepstatkess, whisk in ear judgment ware en-
temedai ; but width, being made by those who cal
themselves emphatically the Prised, of the Math,
anasted a scandal that in ell probability pre-
vested Dr. HINDI', eat of signed for the Church
sad hie own character, front following the ex-
ample thus met hiss. Usable larger to peed/rut the
dada of the Bee of Norwieh, that prelate resigned
without oddsg hem, sr atipsisting with, the Crown
that it would seek a parliamentary provides for
him. Thum is Weed so evideme that he had, or
even saw Issa, say latementee se onnesindeation
with the Qtrxxes Government cm the eabiert t end
we believe the feet to be that he seemly transmitted
to the Flamm a aid of resignation, quitted his
diocers. sad woad into the comparative poverty of
an sepreelihd ratirensest.

The- aneemlitimal Amstar of this resignation
weed to hem impelled it as a duty su t e Glowernassut
at emu te Nal their preemie, ef bringing forward a
general asesure for the relief a dimaldsd prelates en
their reeignathat. The seeresity chose Ina =sat-
irist admitted ; thou. naiad an special
eireunietanses te its prepuntioe; the peineiples
en which might to be sonstnieted are plaia and
simple 'magi ; and Parliament wee led to expert
its intredestios before the ease of Dr. HINDS
emend. That the 4090 of Dr. Hum has nat tended
to accelerate the mops/mice of verb a .earn~ may
probably be ekes explained: Dr. 111/1114 is not a

person of any political importance; ho is net
connected with either of the two great politioal
parties ; he has no powerfully aristocratic
friends; he did not chaffer and bargain about
terms; and he appears to lack that spirit of self-
assertion which is not always wanting to the
wearers of the mitre. The consequence is that
not the smallest notice has been taken of his posi-
tion, and that so far from hie unconditional resigna-
tion acting sea stimulus to the Government, it has
operated exactly as the reverse.
The question, we are told, does not press.
There are no other immediately impending
episcopal resignations, and any general measure
will, of course, provide for Dr. Them.
There are some men on whose immobility nothing
presses, and to that clam mast belong the ream:mere
who clam employ with gravity such an argument as
this. Were half the episcopal bench at this
moment as disabled em Dr. HINDS, the in-
justice that prelate is suffering from would,
of course, act as an effectual bar to their resignation.
On the other hand, it is wore than probable that the
enactment of a general provision would at once
lead to further resignations. If, indeed, it be con-
sidered desirable to check any further tendency to
resignation, by exhibiting in the person of Dr.
HINDS the consequences that may possibly attend
it, the conduct pursued is at least intelligible. We
submit, however, that it is both unwise and unjust.
It is unwise to do anything which may tempt in.
competent Bish‘ps to linger on in office ; it is unjust
to deter them from resigning, where resignation is
otherwise desirable, by holding up as an episcopal
scarecrow the spectacle of a Bishop who, having
resigned without terms, is left without provision.
Laudatur et alget. A general measure, Lord HAN-
HOWDY teal as, will include the case of Dr. limns.
No doubt it will, if ever it be introduced and
passed. But it should not meanwhile be forgotten
that Dr. HINDS is an old man, an ailing man, a
man rapidly passing away. He has acted in
this mattered his resignation in a way that reflects
credit on the Church. lt is not fair that he should
suffer far his didaterestednees The allowance
granted tie the bee Dr. BLOSIFIELD has lapsed into
time lamiast Government : why should not a portion
arab aan base been appropriated, as suggested by
Liii Dflromorox, for the purpose of making a pro-
video for Dr. HINDS?

THE first attempt to connect the New World with
the Old by means of the Submarine Telegraph has
proved a failure. In this result there is much cause
for immediate regret—none for permanent diseou-
ragement. The Atlantic will not be annihilated
this year, but the success of the great experiment is
only postponed fora season. Our readers will re-
member the elaborate accounts, with which we have
front time to time presented them, of the manufac-
ture and stowage of the 2,500 miles of cable destined
to stretch from shore to share along the bottom of
the Atlantic main. They will not have forgotten the
report of that characteristic meeting at Valcutia
under the genial presidency of Lord CARLISLE,
when every topic of allusion and amplification that
could possibly be pressed into the service was
lavishly devoted to the purpose of speeding the great
enterprise on its way with appropriate rhetorical
embellishments. The original plan of laying down
the cable had been that the Agamemnon and Nia-
gara, each with half the length of cable on board,
should proceed to an agreed point in the mid-
Atlantic, effect a junction between the two
detached portions of the line, and thence steam
in opposite directions, eastward to Ireland and
westward to Newfoundland. This plan was
abandoned ; and it was determined that the entire
length of the vast coil should be spread along the
ocean bottom from west to east in one continuous
operation.

From Valenti' harbour the great ships set forth,
the American frigate Niagara having the task
assigned her of " paying out" the tint portion of
the cable. She was waited on through the ocean
by the Suquehannah ; the famous Agamemnon,
her partner In the great enterprise, was attended in
like manner by the Cyclops and the Leopard. The
Bret start was en unlucky one. A fracture took place
at the distance of lees than four miles from the Irish
shore. The damage thus occasioned was speedily re-
paired, and the flee vessels again on Saturday, the Bth
of August, steamed out into the Atlantic. Till the
Monday following all went on prosperously. The
weather was favourable, the machinery worked
admirably, a depth of 2,000 fathoms had been reached
and some 300 miles of distance. The telegraphic
cominneketions with Valentia were kept up without
interruption. Oa the Monday evening a heavy swell
set in, and a powerful ender-current was experienced.
This inoreased through the night of Monday and the
early moraing of Tuesday. At about half-past 3 on
the Tuesday morning, it was found that though the
vowel was only making some three or four knots an
hoer, the cable was paying oat Ire, six, and some-
times even seven knots. At this rate it was obvious
that the quantity of wire on board would be
exhausted before the Newfoundland shore was
✓eached. It became necessary to tighten the
strain on the cable, and this was accordingly done
till the prewar* reached 3,000 pounds. This was at a
quarter to four on the Tuesday morning. There was
a heavy swell running at the moment that the full
increased power was thus put on the break ; the stern
of the Niagara was low down in the trough of the
sea. As she rose on the back of the waves the extra
strain thus occasioned was more than the strength of
the cable could bear. It gave way under the pres-
eine, and, parting at some distance from the
ship's store, it sank down like lead through the
mighty waters on that portion of the telegraphic
plateau between Ireland and Newfoundland where
the Atlantic reaches Its maximum depth of net lees
than 2,000 fathoms. At the time of the severest. the
Niagara had made from 960 to 280 miles in a direct
coon* frees Valenti' harbour, and the length of
cable that bad been let go was about 300 Who.
It is remarkable enough that a somewhat @hailer
frame has hitherto attended almost all ease sub-
marine =terriers in the first instance. The pre-
visions of scheme are extraordinary, but they manse
quite dispense with the teachings of raprionte.
The general opinion amongst those most quailed to
form a judgment appears to be that we harebrained
enough in this first essay to render the sweets of
the next attempt morally certain. Two important
points have been decisively set at rest by what has
already berm achieved. The unparalleled length
of the cable, and the vest depth to which it was
sank, have presented no obstacles to its telegraphic
working; until the final disaster occurred, romeeris
were flashed with the meet perfect seems along
0,300 miles length of wire, a portion of which was
submerged to the depth of very nearly two miles in
the ocean. Another point relates to the rate at which
the cable ma be pea out. It has been conclusively
proved that there is so obstacle to laying it down at
the rate of In miles per hour, in the greatest depth
of water that exists, on the proposed line of Money
rise, between Ireland and Newfoundland. The
prineipal defeat appears to be in the paying.
eat gear, the maeldnery by which the cable
is delivered tram the ship's deck into the
moan. Another &fealty to be overcome In

sinking • cable of mach length to a depth so pad—
a difficulty which kas probably been more fully de-
monstrated by the results of this experiment than it
could have been by previous calculation—ie the great
force of the under-current. While the direct course
of the Niagara was only about 280 miles the expen-
diture of cable was about 380—a difference which
o priori could scarcely hove been calculated upon.
In the next venture every circumstance of this kind
will be taken fully into calculation; the mechanism
for passing the cable into the water will no doubt
receive all those improvements of which it is sus-
ceptible, and, if the time be so fortunately chosen
as to secure three weeks of favourable weather (a
circumstance by no means immaterial), there can be
no reason whatever for despairing of ultimate success.

FRANCE.

(PROW OWL OWN 001RIATONDINT.)
PARIS, SUNDAY EYNNINO.
General d'Orgoni has arrived at Marseilles from
Paris, and is about to embark for Cairo. I regard
this u a highly important piece of new.. I have
not the least doubt that this Frenchman (whose real
name you are aware is (Braden, d'Orgoni being an
anagram) will be found at the head of the insurgents
of Delhi before November. It was he who stirred
I up the last Burmese war, and he openly boasts that
he has devoted his life to the destruction of British
power in India.
The prefect of police has just issued the following
circular to the police commissaries of the department
of the Seine, on the important subject of the reim-
bursement of the sacrifices made during the last
three years to keep down the price of bread in
Paris :

Paris, August 14.
My decree et this day's date lowers the prim of bread to
40e. (it wee pwfoaely 44c.) for the ereond fortnight of
August. Tb. Mmes. of bread, which involves high pion
claimed] the necessaries of life, boa not only LIMO=
combated daring the long trigs which we have
thon bat khan also been indirectly remedied by wares
of emeti without precedent, and 1 may aloe say without
Bobs. Theltsperee e gift. have enabled us to open inParia sad
dr deperrent of the Seine on ler than 70 kitchens, when
during the winker substantial food has been sold to the poor
at very cheap rates. TM Snares hes generonsly
_meowed
the “Inselestien of small lodgings." Tyr Idsleedes,
through the dilate of the laterkir, have plated at my die-
mitykinitretkeinierroceNt whkesalropre= me to
I.
to
them combed siker we have bees able te Mannar the
elects of the coisit, which now apperaehes Its termination.
Est the consegences will be Mt tee sem lime to ram It
fe tidy by gloat seerilless the, awing ttr lest three years,
the price of heed he been beet In Poem sad the deportment
oftes Seine at a nets mock Um thee what people have
been paying In all other port. of the amine. The ssmicipil
council of Paris, which has hat Its aid to the govern-
ment in them trying deeemerness haa bens cm-
pelted to call for the meanies of very courtiers/4e
evinces, both la lies Were of the shy sad of the
great public works, which concern alike the present and
the future. Its reerhation, approved of by the minister of
agriculture sad commerce, Wes it necessary to keep up
the pries of bread a little above its natural level, but the mea-
sure will be used with so extreme reserve, and the surcharge
will never in future exceed two or three centimes the kilo-
gramme. This trilling enrcharge of a centime the pound proves
sufficiently that the Emperor will not allow the people to pay
by new irafferinge for the relief they received formerly. Let
them know this, and assure them that no mein more pene-
trated than I em with three sentiments of the Emperor,
who, as you know, will never be satisfied till ho has assured
the welfare of the labouring claws.
Receive, dre., the Senator Prefect of Police, PIETHI.
_ .

The expected decree abolishing the butchers'
monopoly was, it is said, signed on the 23th of July.
Its official promulgation cannot be long delayed.
The decree simply abolishes the ordinance of Oct.
18, 1819, which organised the monopoly on the ex-
isting footing. Henceforth any individual may
exercise the trade of a butcher in Paris upon regis-
tering hie name and address. The meat will be ex-
amined by official inspectors both at the slaughter-
homes end at the gates of Paris. The new cattlemarket
will, it fie said. be conceded to a company, at the head
of which is M. Gisquet, a former prefect of police.
The bank of Poissy will go on, but at will be optional
with the butchers to make use of it.

TURKEY.

(IPIOK A SILCIAL COIIIISPOWDZXT.)
CONSTANTINOPLE, ATIOV4T 7.

The electoral question of the Principalities has
covered the political sky here with the blackest
clouds. You will have received already by a tele-
graphic communication the news that diplomatic
relations are broken off between France, Russia,
Prussia, and Sardinia on the one hand, and the
Porte on the other. This event has caused a
tremendous sensation at the Exchange ; indeed the
monetary panic has already reached the height it
attained in the year 18.33, for the pound sterling is
quoted at 147 piastres, the Turkish lira at 136, and
the French Napoleon at 116.
_ _ _ _

The French Embassy deemed it decorous to give a
certain solemnity to Be breach of relations with the
Porte by causing the Maack the French steamboat,
to fire 21 guns, by way of a ;slate when the French
flag was being lowered at the senbaes&dor's palace.
When the officials of the embassy, all in full uni-
form, went on board the steamer, its captain ad-
vanced and saluted his guests with the cry of " Vise
l'Empercur." Having inaugurated this loyal cry,
his crew took up the same strain at his word of com-
mand, and repeated it seven times. A large crowd
had collected on dr. quay, and witnessed the scene.
The farewell visit which M. do Thouvenel paid
the Sultan was returned by Akif Bev, his Msjeaty's
master of the ceremonies. As M. de Thouvenel -
scended in the steamer to Therapia, he passed the
Russian steamers the Philoclete and the Pruth. A
mutual salutation ensued by hoisting and lowering
their respective flags, whilst each Russian steamer
fired a salute of 21 guns, so as to render the ceremony
more imposing.
The battery of six field-pieces, presented by the
• Sultan in the year 1849 to the Moldavian army, but
which the Russians took with them when they eva-
cuated the Principalities during the late war, has
been just returned to Moldavia. Several horses and
ammunition waggons belonging to the train were still
wanting to complete its restoration, but they were
expected to arrive in a few days. This account
comes from Jury, and is coupled with the remark
that the Russians have made this present to the
11 Moldavian, as a sort of bribe to get votes for the
union, at least toils some of the waverer.
There is danger of en insurrection in Arabistan.
The authorities there have sent for reinforcements,
and the Porte ordered Ismael Paella to proceed
thither. But this officer has gone to the War
Ministry, and positively declined to assume the
command, enlist; the troops are paid up their ar-
rears, which have been suffered to &Immolate for
the last 16, or, as some assert, 24 months.
The European commission for the regulation of
the Danube has drawn up its plan for the organisa-
tion of a police in the harbour of Sulins, which it
has sent to the Porte for final approval. The an-
hippy discord on the question of the Principalities
will serve, however, in all probability, to check the
progress of the works on the river, by causing a
stoppage of supplies.
Three days ago the police here surrounded the
dwelling of M. Gregovich, in Buyukdere, and then
forcing an entrance they commenced a rigid search,
in the hope of finding Papa. Custowatx, the mur-
derer of the Montenegrit.t prune. Not a particle of
anything was found to justify suspicion; and, in-
deed, it is pretty generally known that the murderer
of whom they were in quest returned to his native
place a long tune ago.

THE WEST INDIA MAILS.

The Royal West India mail packet slagdalena
arrived at Southampton yesterday, having on board
125 passengers (and amongst them Governor Wode-
house and his family from Demerara), specio to the
amount of 1,378,267 dollars, of which 648,86.5 dollars
are in silver, and .519,650 dollars in gold. The latest
dates are from St. Thomas, August 1 ; Antilua, July
29; Barbadoes and Jamaica, July 27; Trinidad, July
28; Demerara, July 25; Groytown, July 20; Hon-
duras, July 17.

In the blurt of Policy in Demerara, the governor,
in reply to a question of Dr. Blair, made the follow-
ingatatement in reference to the gold discoveries:
• • • • • • - - •

The principal question to bo determined would be the exact
Crof the boundary between the British pomades
ail tho Spenibh date of Venezuela, end on the 9th of
June last he wrote to the Secretary of State to inform him
that the reports of the discovery of gold in Venezuela were
olomaiderable importance, end that It was likely they
might he conflimed to • great extent; end therebre he
urged upon the home government the necessity of tarnish-
ing the government here, with the least possible delay, with
posieive instructions ea to what were the boundaries to be
claimed between this territory and Venezuela, end at the
same time what support her Majesty's government would
be prepared to give in carrying out the derision
=might come to. He also took the opp.r-
ty, looking at the probability of a reed bring
famed into the interior, of asking that the ao-
iranumeat here thould be furnished with all potable in-
teractions end directions with moped to the rights of the
mown, the rights of the coleny, and the rights of individuals,
and generally with the purer of making such arrangements
as should be most advantageous to the colony. As he bad
stated, that despatch went home on the 9th June. and could
only ham reached England on the 2nd July. Ina matter
of so meek importance, they could scarcely look for an
answer of any sort in leis than a month from this mall, that
is Ito say, on the 26th August. That delay, however,
perhaps 116ielt not be of much importance, because at pre.
sent, Is believed, from the state of the weather, little or
nothing would be done in the neighbourhood et the dig-
'. ings till September. But as to the policy which the
colony ought to pursue, his own opinion was that they
should take advantage of the prestige which attached to the
English name, end the security afforded by English instita-
lions, to make this place, if possible, a depot for the diggings,
whether they were in our territory or in the Spanish terri-
tory. They ought to do ell they could by joint action of the
government here and the home government to encourage
enterprising people to come here on their way to the dig•
gine, end to edited them eddy in taking the gold away.
They should endoevour u Ur as their DMUS went to
establish poets slung the line, and means of conveyance
from here to Misearoonv, or wherever was the
nearest point from the diggings, end eatlefy parties
that as soon as their gold was brought across
our boundary, or within our territory, it might be
ooneidered to be in perfect security. He thought if
they did that, they would probably attract to this place an
enormous influx of people ; and he believed every dies of
the population would benefit. lie did not think it would by
any means follow that the planters would sustain any injury
from sachet emcee of proceeding, es in all probability a num-
ber of the pereene that would come would mule down at not
only the gold diggings, but to other permits, from which
all would profit. Ho would therefore be glad to see the
colony, when the time came, making 'rely effort to secure
all the advantages of this discovery, which be thought would
prove a very fortunate one ; but he thought they could
scarcely do anything more at present than that, more parti-
cularly till they received instruction, from the home govern-
ment on the subject.
A company is being formed in Georgetown for the
purpose of opening a road to the diggings, and pro-
specting in the interior. A local writer says :
We bevo seen several nuggets from the geld diggings on
the Yuruari. One fine nugget weighed about 6 ounce., and
contained about 90 per matt, of gold. It measured about 3
inches in length by II inch in breadth, and was about of
en inch in thickness. The gold wee of a very fins quality,
superior to the finest specimens of Australian gold which we
have seen exhibited la England.

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