The Express.
London, England, 1850-12-30 00:00:00

UNITED STATES.

,rte Commodore hulking. arrived at Liver- ,1
41 Siturday sight, with dates from New York
, l.:.h icor. She beings about 2.50,000 dollars
W
oelfbnelswit".. imprint item of the intelligens* brought
P • Asia i 9 the alma report of the Secretary of
iremiry to Conreem
bt Nor fork Cannier aid Inquirer gives the
KlAiegeananutry of the document :
"
s able, elaborate, sad valuabla docassoat, sad
,forar,t.• read by all wbo ars iatereetad is the eon-
ry condition of tits icatatry.
c orin IlattO tits receipts sad eapeaditares et tlith
sad estimable those GI the mean year sr
r:. 1850. 1861.
ei ..,...lobe. 49 608,713 64,312 69 4
43,082,188 63.863,697
Eyessitan

lire* ...... tole. 8,904,846 4;8,997
t, Caddo.. of evetome aid sarverom of beterior porta
, t a made pentorim of the public /AMR,.
rell4C debt, on the Ist of December, 1849 WL6
4,15, ; on %b. 30tb of November laet it was
• dole. Ter cosh receipts sad expenditures for
" mull sod estimated, are prisms r follows:
1..„. yen,
1850. 1851. 1862.
_ _

aVo .0141. 43,771;848 47.592,000 46,80.000
,1„.„“L *.k).365,26.1 83,737,647 48,124,993
ea in expl.kha in ch.tai the calms of this large
tM actual Led ',gaited expeediturte, sad s►ow.
• 5, L 5 sod 4:5117 with Mesice have test us the sus

C rine states thet—
a,- yreei•loes of the ant of :sly, 1846, bare been
-.oifienet fs.r the ereventien of trawls and ender-
.. the event to which they hate been canted,
4.,fflee in which they have been Tendered systematic
te. Inn Men highly detrimental to the r.rentni.
,t,rartem n• has L mg given the subject of these frauds
as-,: t ated stantion, and exhausted all its authority
rt rres.i.:ian and detection. but they an stall of with
nude, a .1 so demoralising in their *flan, se to de-
isia.s dist* in•erposition of Congress."
uses spoil Coegrees to inquire fully into the peas
l'or•UOG of our present system of imposing duties upon
iesra cost or values of merchandise. being fully setts-
At the larger it ie continued the weaker will bosoms
sod the stronger the inducements to the
or trawls, by misrepresenting the dutiable values.
wintery. under the Lead of Ways and Means, dii-
"hi thee the laws tore *Matta& with the
imposed by them on lorrigs sieratiandim, will
tLe ISJUta MCC. sway to defray W annual ordinary
,ti.re 0: the government, and most prancingly di* Me
r. puhlic debt. Ti. signers of ad ninon dada.
term st, ea applied to all articles of trade, in ins
b. I lieriesee of the department to be wanjoot no
a; strong objections. The experience of the most orb
,deoninscal natiossof Europe is believed to be against
• iri avow operation of the existing tariff upon our dit•
inies•ry and the vanel prosperity of the country in
;yr st inte.b:y let torah, and it u shown that the seri-
, nonest esperislly Termites suds legislation as shall, in
nil, of s.c.ssity, foe revenue, also by encouraging a
y 01 espliy ment in our own country, news the only
. sure market for oar (seeming productima which can
net. This portion of the report is especially able and
TO. Mr. Corwin, from the considerations urged
seiu to Congress the following modifications of our
....nee laws.

Ml,L': L

Ar qar•

A Lhasa.. in the Ferat ad valorem system, which
,; ,top. t ',medic duties upon all articles to which
s msy be safely applied with home vulastiou
such as are necessarily subject to ad valorem rates.
it the prie.eisile of op. -die daties shall not be adopted,
,se ciao awn, insier-1 A t►e foreign, should then be
. to al. nonor•e subject to ad valorem duties.
- with, r of the foregoing changes shall be thought
•. it is dtemed highly necessary that the premnt
deans should be Moused on • great variety of
'thick it will be found could bear such increase with
seutary effects upon both trade and revenue.
• r of the too first modifications ragges.ed above
ai•lmhtedl7, correct many of the inegaalities of the
••Ist‘ in, place ell importers, whether purchaser, or
A. tun to, fro equ il grounds in respect to valu►tions for
ffitllllll, s.!sinst the flayrant frauds which
...ill perpetrated under existing laws, sad insure
.s sod p month% ineressis of the revenue. They are,
• re. earantly commended to the favourable considsre,
• t• .1 gets. . . . .

• .... .
r •eau in it is believed that experienas has settled
r:licy to be pursued in several particulars which
tar ryetein of terrine laws. Among these me
taw material should be admitted at • indents rate
y. when assesat.d at all, that all noa•enumerated
• aid he teemed at higher rates of duty than the
inutoctured articles, and that all articles cent
• It, e mum material should pay in general the same

I. r ; t., irs.,re uniformity in the business of the
L. 4', and equality in the valostions under any
I eemarly racommend the creation of a corps of
at taro, whose duty it shall he lonian the pried•
en• ry is the United States from dose to Use
...7 to correct improper valuations and prescribe

r the total appralseri.
re.u.1.4 and importent euffintiont are made in m•
to the outhouse eystem. It but been toned imps.
t • ilitisa of the warehouses at New York and Baton
I. fit', which the government le obliged to pay, audit:.
. injutt that importers should be compelled to store
r in those houses without regard to their own
•-•• r t ~atenienee. Mr. C. tecosamends that the time
~1, da may be kept in store, after the original
..n sod entry, be extended to three jean, sad with
.re of 11p,IL to any foreign country, without
sin vet tif duties; also that prorMon be made by
.eff imp vats from the payment of duties upon
n rte destroyed by fire in bonded warehouses, and
tiirinn-hetuse ft es be ab„,lished, a wtll as those
t:isrg ab:e upon the registering, enrolling, and
e of reseal, as those relating to
.the entry, ware-
- •. sod trassportation of enerensactiee. lb* mount
his is less testa 300,000 dots. per annum, while
• • stsnee which their collection croutons is very gnat.
a would be well also to dispense with the oaths,
• at.d reinitiates that appertain to entries of merchan-
t i, reign cat or value, and adopt the value is the

. S .ton.
.s...nt of redefine at the Mint, in Philadelphia,
the month jest weed, hes 'wooded four .it.
:I as ; and, if the sapariments now in progress,
a new proems of ',saying should equal the
• i ,ne which have haw formed respecting It, the
loin of that establishment will be extended to the
co et h,000,000 monthly; sad, with the branch mint
w Orleans, Mr. Corwia ear, will be lady able to far-
. aa without say unnameable delay for all the future
ads receipts of gold bullion. In order, however, that
receivers of the precious metals from abroad, and per.
_sly at New York, where the greater portion of them
•,, may the more promptly and without expense realise
mouse, he recommends 1.. Congress that the tremucy
rant should be authorised to receive all gold or sliver
• n attended for re manage, aad so soon as it mold
• • ay. d sad the cornet value of it ascertained, that mint
• • •hould be issued for the same is cenveuient some,
.1..,r. of the owners, which certificates should be
• • r•c,v.ble for all dues to the United States, the germs-
' : I t.tg at the expense of conveying such bullion to the
r. .; I r e.inagir.
I a news by the Asia, though not unimpoetani .
'-1 Ix• compieurd into a brief narrative. The Pre-
..t.. has issued a proclamation declaring that the
• 0! (engrave fixing the Texas boundary is in fall •
! . • a: d efi.'t. This shows that Texas acquiesces in
' • - .t, ry compromise of last simian. On the con-
- .7. the legislature of South Carolina has emitted a
to'' • t .ailik•ir preparation, the Senate having paned
s •n.. tar a conveation, and giving 300,000 dollars for
ta ...my purposes. It is not likely, however, that
IT! ...g will come of this, foe all the forts in the
1' .r of Charleston are fully manned with the
' of tie central government, and 100,000
' "`k kr, could be raised in the adjoining states in a
lo!,,e.sja to take possession of all the principal towns.
, ''' ~ g •:ature had sot to burdenss in good earnest.
. •''' '..ri lest. Mr. QM moved in the Senate that
.. , spoodence between government and the
minister, relative to the agent sent by the
... States to ungery during the contest there,
I. -d on the table. The discussion was postponed.
M• dental,' the same day introduced a bill for the
r -.smilers of a railroad from St. Louis to San Fran-
c,. • In the House of Representatives the same day,
*•:•i.t i tap postage bill was made the special order of the
sl tor Wednesday, the 18th inst. A resolution to
ir.l.l.te iuto the propriety of requesting the President
10 ;.,c notice to Great Britain of the desire of his
Vrtrr.ment to withdraw the squadron stationed on
t't sr,' coast of Africa, was referred to the commit-
ter or. naval affairs; the New York branch Mint was
L•si.... tLe order of the day for the second Tuesday in
J4r.u.ly ; and the first Tuesday, Wednesday, and
„.
'",,day in February, were set apart for the coma-
farie....:ll, ~.n
c andtah, of the territorialT business of Oregon, Min-
tte ew
A court-martial for the trial of Commodore Jones
!11, 0,44, iced at Waahingtoo, on the 16th inst. He
a CLtt,f. d with fraud, in speculating with the publie
if'soY in gold duet; with scandalous conduct towards
410,ordinates, on the Pacific station; and with op-
oo, in hanging two men under an illegal nu-
.bY a court-martial, the penalty of death not
l.c. ,F Clewed on board a ship beyond the limits of
" ~• ed State.. Commodore Jones, in hie mowers,
t!presstd has willingness to stand his trial IS all the
11:',at but took exceptions to the lastouestlismais
tv,r. NS that the Attorney-General had &MI all
. At 10 his favour, California having biome part
7 ,-It anion; and that if he had exceeded his j arm-
'if'-4 bas offence was not oppression bat murder.
thttl'titd,
acne
justification of his 000 duct as commodore
acne fleet, on the ground of the frequent

attempts at mating, in consequence of the temptations
of the mines.

On the 16th the business in the senate was tempo-
rally interrupted, in consequences of the excitement
of thee/Raton on the appearance of Jenny Lind in
the gallery.
The navigation of the Hodson was epee, but
Its closure by the ies wee daily looked for. Oa the
17th inst. the Miniseippi, between St. Louis and
Cairo, was full of floating lee; several boats were ice-
bound, and navigation was suspended. At Detroit
on the 17th the river was fall of ice and the weather
wee very cold.
Oa Dee. 13, while the Anglo-Norman (steamer)
was proceeding up the river from New Orleans, on a
pleasure excursion, with between two and three hun-
dred persons on board, most of them respectable citi-
zens, her boiler exploded, and from eighty to a
hundred pereors were killed, wounded, or missing.
The press was largely represented on board, and Mr.
Perry, of the New Orleans Bulletin. was killed ; Mr.
Bigner, of the Della, and Mr. Kidd, of the Dail:,
Crescent, were so dreadfully injured that there i
hardly a hop* of their surviving. Mr. Janine Beebe,
a state senator of Louisiana, was killed; and Messrs.
N. Jarvis, Stillman, and Storm, of the New York
Novelty Machine Works, are said to be mortally
wounded. Also Captain Aminadab and Captain
Thomism.
Several articles have been received at the New
York Navy-yard,:to be forwarded to the World's Fair
in London.

A letter from Halifax of the 12th inst. says :—The
despatch of the America's news yesterday was de-
layed, owing to the destruction of the telegraphic
wires through a portion of the city, by one of the
severest conflagrations ever experienced in Halifax.
The fire commens.d at two o'clock, in the North-
barracks, which were speedily in ruins. Opposite
the barracks, one entire square, bounded by Jacob,
Duke, and Albemarle streets, wu also destroyed, in-
chiding about one hundred houses. The further
spread of the fire was arrested by pulling down several
buildings.
The section of the city burnt was mostly occupied
by poor families, and though the aggregate low of,
property is less than it otherwise would have been,
yet the disaster will canoe much suffering, esproially
so as the extreme cold weather hu fairly set in, after
• season of unusual mildness.

In the subjoined communication from our New
York correspondent will be found a notice of the state
of feeling in the United States respecting papal
aggression here and there! and also of the interference
of the pulpit in the slavery controversy :
New Yoe', Des. 18.
The news from Europe by the last steamer, leads
us to believe there will yet be considerable dilliculty
in that quarter before there will be much quiet. A
continental war would affect us in several ways. We
should rejoice at the overthrow of those princes who
are hostile to the independence of States, and particu-
larly of those who are secretly engaged in maintain-
ing the power of the pope. We should have an
immerise accession to our population, and a new sti-
mulus to our trade. It seems to us that the English
government would naturally entertain the same views.
At all events we are thankful that we are not within
the vortex of European agitation. We have enough
at home to give us at times our share of anxiety.
We notice with interest the rousing of the old
protestant feeling of England, and the truth is, we
are likely to experience it here.
The Barthian arrow which Bishop floghes shot at
us, as he departed for his pallium, has canted a wound
not deadly but irritating. All our protestant clergy,
no matter what their denomination, are now vigour-
onsly defending themselves and their common faith
against the imputation of its decline, and the; probe-
bili.y is, all the learning, wit, and logic which were
once aimed so successfully against the Itomish church
in England, will be resuscitated and brought out
again, with additional improvements, in this country
as well es that. Already I hear the note of prepara-
tion, and observe the republication of the old treatises.
If the discussion fairly gets going here, through our
newspapers end magazines, I undertake to say that
the pretentious of the Romish church to infallibility,
power to remit sins, and to work miracles, wiil be
laughed down.
As it is very few educated people belong to the
American Romish church. It is almost exclusively
composed of servant women and ordinary labourers.
There are some who attend masa who have means and
standing, but they are generally those who have ac-
quired their property in very low occupations. A
few genteel families of French and Irish descent may
be found at the Romeo catholic churches, but it is
from habit or family pride that they continue there.
They do not any of them respect the Sabbath, as do
the protestant', and usually the afternoon and evening
of the day are spent in amusements. The American
people, the Anglo-Saxons, are sound to the core on
this point; and while from policy, principle, and kind
feelings they allow perfect toleration, they are not
the least backward in commenting upm clerical ab-
surdities, and making them the laughing stock of
the public.
A new movement was noticed among our leading
clergy last week, on the occasion of thanksgiving—a
day observed under the proclamation of the governor
of this state. They have in this city, for many years,
avoided anything like an allusion to politics in their
sermons. On the present occasion they warmlyentered
upon the discussion of the questions of union and
slavery, and, with the greatest unanimity, they ad-
vised obedience to the existing laws, both as a Chris-
tian duty end a security against civil war. Some of
them stated that slavery was a political condition,
which was recognised both in the Old and New Testa-
ments; that neither our Saviour nor his apostlessooght
to overturn it; that it was engrafted on this country by
England against the will of the early colonists ; and
that any violent or unconstitutional attempt on the
part of the north to eradicate it in the south would
lead to the overthrow of the Union, the ruin of the
public funds, war between the states, bloodshed
in torrents, taxation for centuries to come, • diminu-
tion of our industry, the creation of standing armies,
and all those dreadful evils which are every few years
witnessed on the continent of Europe, and are very
likely to occur again. AMERICUS.
Leer Cowmen Intelligens in last gsge.)
it,

THIS COLLISION ON THE NORTH

Idayan inquiry wee held by adjournment at South Md
ford, la reference to the death of three unfortunate men who '
lest their lives by a collision on the York and North Midland
Railway. The luaus of the unfortunate fellows who were
killed were—Joseph Gerrick, aged 33, sepia. drive; Mania
Tindall, aged 11, stoker; and Hoary Varley, sped 66,
whimsies. Henry Wainwright, station elm at the Old
Milford junction of the Leeds and Selby Railway, w's the '
witness called. He knew the deemed may, Valley,
who bad been polonaise, at the junction for many paw
saw him a few minutes before the accident ; hews. pithead;
sober. Noticed that he had hold of the lever of the poise
he hot the pasesupe train up the line to Leeds. The de.
Ilerneff. heipit Garrick. was engine driver of • passager
gig ea the old lice to Leeds. Tladall win stoker
if the sews migaw. The train had been waiting at the
WAGO See Wastes before the saddest took place, to
ita
kr Leeds ion the halfip 7 o'clock train
kenthe The loopektrain, whisk its.. from York,
W en the seek and pawed oa the old line,
anselpieltelerli ea hoes before the monger trete
MN up. The metient happened before he was aware that
ef the gook mss wen musts( beck ea the Rae.
RI bad pr. Mee*/ gee Ms me of the manager carriages,
far the purpose ed plerelling to Sank Mefferd where he
bilged. litter the lareadrel Grub, he got oat mid inunedi•
gaily assisted two ladies flea the nut esupertmeet when
he was ; one wee Mimed is the hair. There were buten
carriages in the l tub, sad he law that eine of the
waggons had bees brides bees the train, sad bad retuned
down the bask, esuing la 'Minion with the pesosager
train. The aegis* ef the latter was thrown off the Rae and
broken. Saw the body of Garrick lying between the two
lien of rolls. Tindall was about two yards from Garrick,
his legs were off, and he was quite dead. Did not know
',MONT there wee a break to the feet earwig* of the luggage
train,aor whether the paid 'risme the last carriage. It was Ina
daily to have boom es at. Fear of the carriages that returned
dews the bank had brakes, sad If one had been applied the
oak night have bees stepped. These who had Mum a
the luggage male wee Edward Oriessteue, the guard, The.
Carrie, the driver, sad Christopher Charlton, the Asher.
The eine animas had Gush about three tons of goods wpm
thee.—ChristoOom Charlton, the fireman, was thee ealieL
Left York with • luggage tram of 22 waggons. Arrived se
the Old Jennies about a quarter before seven o'clock.
There the Irak was divided, sad proceeded with • pest GI the
trek to the top of the beak, • dimness of smelt Mee,
Summed to take up the other; but did set he the
holm MAW opospled the emigres as,
he precook& with
them up Me bank, and when they had got about six and •
bdf mike frog the Junks, when the kinder marriages
Wm away, kit the wheels of the eagles stipple(' and
be thought thm thee had lest sew part of he train. Oa
r=g the klp_ef the beak, he knurl that they had.--
evidesse iagai uldued relative to the nada of
Oman
ithtensWassead their sinegtb, the Gerona:
=reg the da lamkg ler sdnailadi
e wan y odiousal aala
Maeda, ( day).