The Express.
London, England, 1857-11-27 00:00:00

(Stamped ld. Additional) [TWOPRNOL

" Bat although the committee -who were speclailjad
Polluted for this purpose have failed:to point oat any
detect, or to make any- specific suggestion and have left the
matter exactly as they found it, the directors have done
otherwise. They have been favoured with information from
nine of the principal railway companies as to the gyaki
previously in use with them, and the modifications made By
them since the discovery of Redpatles fraud. It appears
that there Is not one in which fraud of the same
kind might not have bees committed end gone on
for • considerable time without being discovered.
Indeed, it has been already stated that the plan of regietra-
tion and signing of dividend warrants of this company was
originally founded on that punned by the London and
North-Western; and in consequenee of the discovery made
at the expense of the unfortunate proprietors of this com-
pany, all the others have already made altenttiona in their
systems, more or lees radical, and more or less complete. It
Is probably impossible to invent any system of chocks which
can be relied upon as a complete protection, where the fraud
of one party is helped by the collusion of some and the negli-
gence of others It is only after long experience arid the
discovery of most unexpected modes of trend that the Bank
of Englrnd and the Exchequer-bill Ofilee have arrived at
their present system, which, after all, can only bo pronounced
perfect until some new Fletcher, Bedpeth, or Smith demon-
strates is imperfection. But the directors hope that the plan
which will be henceforward pursued in this company will, at
least, do all that can be done to anticipate any conoeivabls
fraud being carried on without being speedily found out."

MANCIIESTER, BBEFF:Ip, AND LINCOLN-

lin itET

The receipts and working expenses since the close of the
last halt year's working contrast unfavourably with those
for the corresponding period of 1868. The entire working
charges for the fortnight ending Nov. 16 (exclusive of the
Manchester, South Junction, end Altrincham line) show an
exordia of 1,1891. The total expenditure since the close of
the past six months' working has been 102.7691.; mounting
au Incresse, over the corresponding period of 1838, of
12,9541. The receipts on the company's canals for the month
of October exhibit a falling off of about 4001., and upon the
three months a decrease of nearly 6001. ; and the expenditure
for the same period presents an increase of 2,3001. With
respect
ethe receipts of the South Junction line, there is
son of 4,8471., while the IACTIMMI of expenditure has
been 1,0021.

UNEMPLOYED OPELITIrES LE MANCHESTER.

Captain Polio, the chief constable of Manchester,
has caused a return to be made showing the Mate of employ-
ment among the operative classes in the city of Manchester
up to Wednesday, in the form Initially adopted In times of
great depression of trade and deices among the workpeople.
By this return it appears that out of 37 cotton-mills in Man-
chester, employing 24,291 workpeople, only 30 raffle em-
ploying 10,273 persons, are in full work at the present time.
Of the remainder, 26 mills and 8,439 people are working
short time, and 12 mills with 5,582 hands are totally on-
employed. Of the 16 silk mills in the town none
are fully employed; but two of them have ceased
to run, throwing out of work 1,780 operatives, whilst
at the others 2,853 workpeople are reduced to short
time and reduced wages. In the 18 mall-ware
mills, only 364 persons are working full time,
whilst 2,616 are working short tidal and 320 persons have
been wholly thrown out of employ. Taking a total of 233
mills, print-works, dyeworke, machinlate chops, and foun-
dries, 73, with 16,861 operatives only are in full employ,
whilst 18,136 persons belonging to them ere on short time,
and 10,394 are totally unemployed. So I,r the return; but
10,391 persona destitute of employ, and 18,136 reduced to
half a loaf, by no means gives the fell measure of distress
existing in Manchester through the present unfortunate de-
preasion of trade, arising out of the monetary crisis. There
are in addition many thousands of fustian cutters and their
families—at all times only one rococo from pauperiam—and
hand-loom weavers, mostly working at home or for small
masters, whose shops are not included in Caputo Pslin's re-
turn, entirely blown out of employ. There are no
means of estimating accurately the numbers of these,
but they are very peat, and from an unfurtunate habit
of the fustian cutters and hand-loom weavers of
bringing up their whole families to the trade, the des-
titution amongst those people is more complete than
tunont:b. mill hands. They work together, in families,
and w work falls they ere all out together ; but the same
family of mill operatives are employed often in different mills,
and these whilst one portion are thrown out of work, another
may be employed in a mill that has not stopped, or hae only
partially stopped. Thus the destitution among the heathen
cutters and band-loom weavers sooner makes itself felt at
the workhouse. Both the woekhouscs in the township of
Manchester ere full, and the out-door relief last week was
increased by 601., and last week by 901. additional. The in-
crease of cams in the books of the relieving officers last week
would be about 600, and as these cues meetly include whole
families (a large proportion of them being !wum cutters). the
increase in persona applying for relief may bo taken at about
2,000. As the township of Manchester le only that portion of
the city between the rivers Irk and Irwsll on one wide,
and the river Medlock on the other, this estimate
of inc easing pauperism only applies to about a third of the
population, the remainder, including the larger population of
Blame and Charlton, lending its poor for relief to a separate
union. The populous borough of Salford has also a separate
workhouse and board of guardinne and ell that can be raid
of these is that pauperism and distress is rapidly increasing
in them, if not in the same ratio as in the township of Man-
cheater.
At Ashton, Bury, Bangs, Burnley, Bolton, Blackburn,
Burnley, Chorley, Accrington, Colne, Wigan—all places
having large populations—in the same county, the numbers
thrown out of employment, or only on hall work, and the
distrese bears full proportion to that en Manchester.

DEATII OF IDE PRINCIPAL OF TUE UNIVERSITY
or 0 LASGOW.—The Rev. Dr. Macfarbuit,rincipal of Glaa-
gow University, and minister of the High Church, died on
Wednesday morning, at his residence et college. AI our
readers are aware, the principal had for the last three menthe
been confined to his apertments, in consequence of an acci-
dent which he sustained at Ifelensburgh, and by which one
of his legs was broken. Dr. Nacfarlan was born on the
27th September, 1771, and, consequently, had attained to
the ago of 88 years. For the la= three weeks it was
apparent that there was no hope of recovery, and the
venerable gentleman, whilet retaining his faculties till
about the close of life. gradually became weaker, till, as above
stated, he expired on Wednesday. He bell' the once of
principal in our univenity for the period of thirty-two years,
and the incumbency of the High Church for about thirty-
one years. He woe ordained a minister of the church of
Scotland when only 21 years of age, and was then appointed
assistant to his father at Brymen. We believe the la= time
the rev. doctor preached out of Ms own pulpit was on the
occasion et the funeral sermon of Dr. Muir, of St. James's.
Ills lest public appearance in his own pulpit was on the
thanksgiving Sabbath after the April communion. The
venerable principal was respected by all denominations for
his consistency in Church polities, having always espoused
the awe of the party denominated Moderates; and the
various charitable inethutions in the city had in him a us.-
lons supporter end warm advoeate.—North Bo ilish Daily
Mail.
THE POOR LAW.—As some misunderstanding
appears to be generally prevalent respecting the order of the
Poor Law Board, regulating the admiuistration of relief to
the labouring classes in the manufacturing end other popu-
loin places a copy of the general order, dated the 14th of
December, 1852, which contains their regulations on that
subject—has been published. This order. =Ailed to about
ninety unions and fifteen parishes, including among others
the Preston Union, does not prohibit the granting of out-
door relief to the ablebodied poor, nor require that they
should all be relieved in the workhouse; but it provides that
where ablebodied node persons are relieved out of the work-
house they shall be *et to work and be kept employed while
in receipt of relief. Exceptions are eetablhhed which meet
many cease arising In such emergencies se at present, and an
additional article gives a much larger latitude to boards of
guardians in the execution of the order, subject to interven-
tion an the part of the Poor Law Board, should they find it
necessary to Interfere.
NORTH NORTIIAMPTONSIIIRE ELECTION.— Th
vacancy caused in the eereeentation of the division by the
death of Mr. Stafford will not be filled up fill atter the meet-
ing of parliament. Mr. George Ward Hunt, of Wedenhos,
who twice sought to represent the town of Northampton on
conservative principles, but unencoesefully, was announced
as a candidate within a few hours of Mr. Stafford's decease
and he Ina since issued an addreee in which he states that
he "considers it the duty of every cocurerestivo to waive all
party feelings, and to strengthen the hands of the government
of the day in dealing with the fearful mutiny in British India
so long as they evince an energy and a vitemir onetmeneurate
with the magnitude of the interests at stake." Its =hived
that Mr. Hunt will not be allowed to creep into the division
without a contest. The liberal Interest is weighty in the
district, and Lord W. Compton, Lord Henley. and Mr. Fitz-
patrick Vernon have been mentioned as eligible men to up-
bold that interest. The latter is more particularly spoken of,
for beeides poeseesing experience in diplontetic drain, he is
the son of a consistent and popular politician, a resident in
the division, and wanted one of the daughters of the late
Earl Fingal's= (Lady Albrecht). It is rated that &requi-
sition, numerously end influentially aliened, has been sent to
Mr.Venion ; and if he accept it there =Ae no doubt that be
will receive the anthordastio support of the whole of the really
independent electors. The libnal landlords of the division
have for years =lst been very forbearing: and it seems to
some extent indecent on the part of the censervatives that
the should thrust forward with hot heitte a pawn to sne-
ered Mr. Stafford before that lamented gentlemen waa placed
in his coffin.—Stamford Mercury.
SACRED lIARMOSIC SOCIETY.—TIiP Siamese Am.
baseadore will be meant at the opening concert of the season
at Exeter-hall this evening.

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