The Express.
London, England, 1861-01-28 00:00:00

THE ITALIAN ELECTIONS.

TURIN, Jay. 28.""
The elections to the Italian Parliament have
been conducted with order and tranquillity.
The members for Turin are Cavour, Miglietti,
and Caasinim. Among the deputies elected in the
provinces are General Cialdini, Admiral Fenian°,
General Sirtori, Signori Malenchini, Fabrizii,
Ribetti, General La Marmora, Signor Ratazzi, and
other satisfactory names.
The result of the elections in Southern Italy are
still expected.

FLORENCE. MONDAY.

The deputies elected to the Italian parliament at
Florence are Baron Rican)li and Signori Peruzzi
and (lined.

At Bologna, Signori Mingbetti, Pepoli, Berti,
and Pichat.

The result of the elections is generally favourable
to the ministry.

HUNGARY.

PESTH, Jam. 28.

The assembly of the comitat of Stuhlweisaen-
burg has voted an address energetically demanding
the restitution of the property of Count Bathyani,
whip the comas! says has been illegally confis-
cated.

The same oomitat has also demanded the recall
of the heirs of Count Bathyani, who are abroad as
refugees.

AUSTRIA.

VIENNA. Jam. 28.

The Ostskutsche Post says :—" There is no
doubt that the convocation of the Imperial As-
sembly of Representatives, elected by direct
popular vote in the German and Sciavonian
provinces, will take place at an early period,
most probably in April."

DENMARK.
COPENHAGEN, &XDAT.
A ministerial ordinance has been addremed to all
the functionaries whose duties are in any way

connected with the calling out of the soldiers for
the army, ordering them to take such a term as will
enable them to execute as speedily as possible the
orders for the military convocation already pro-
claimed, or for any other which may yet be made.

AND ITALY.
BERNE, SUNDAY.

The journals of this city, which had previously
dated that the Swiss minister at Turin had re-
ceived leave of abeenoe for an indefinite period,
&inbound to-day that M. Tourte's leave of abeam
was but for a short period, and that be has already
returned to his post at Turin.

The following curious fact is mentioned by the
Broods lade penda nee —A vessel of the ex-royal Neapolitan
aavy—the tionnita—undergoing repairs at Toulon, was
. . . _ _

*Wined simultaneously by Piedmont and Francis 11. 7 The
Fres& government decided that it should be given up to
the Wier. Francis 11., it seems, not being able to take
possweion of it himself, has entrusted it to Russia, who
will receive it at Toulon inthe name of the King of Naples.
Mississippi declares herself out of the tuion,
and proposes to mewl her constitution so that she can
borrow mosey. Perhaps she had better betiin by paying
back that which she Escrowed years ago, and out of which
she has ever since been swindling her creditors.—New York
Tribune.

A letter from Tieu-tain say. :—" The peaceful
citizens of Tien•tain do not appear in the least put
out by our troops being quartered in their town,
but, on the contrary, show a determination to
make the barbarians' sojourn as profitable sa thy
can to themselves ; and profitable it is likely to
be, judging from the anxiety of the soldier to invest all his
spare cash in eatables, and unfortunately in drinkables too,
for his rapidly acquired tests for ' samshoo' affords plenty of
employment to the provost•ounhal The Chinese tinders
are, however, not to have it all their own way, as some
enterprising storekeeper from Hongkong end sham.
hai have established themselves here f)r the winter with
supplies of European necessaries and luxuries at not more
than four or five times their value ; and one man, of more
ndventurous spirit than the rest, is actually going to open
a billiard•room. So who can say that European civilisation
is not making progress in China 1"

AMERICA.

(DT 111. RIUTZR'S 21111111 S.)

LIVERPOOL, fiwinAY.

The Royal Mail steamship Australsaian, Captain
Hockley, which left New York on the 16th inst.,
arrived in the Mersey at 2 o'clock this afternoon.
A telegraphic summary of the news—received
via Queenstown—has already been published.

There is but little news of itnportanoe from
Charleston. The South Carolina legislature has
declared that any attempt by the federal govern-
ment to reinforce Fort Sumter will be regarded as
au act of open hostility and a declaration of war.
The legislature has approved of the attack upon
the Star of the West, and decided to support the
governor in all measures of defence. Military com-
panies were arriving at Charleston from all parts of
the state. Governor Pickens has telegraphed to
the President of the Bank of the Republic, of this
city, that no vessel will be disturbed or prevented
from entering the harbour of Charleston, unless
bearing hostile troops or munitions of war for Fort
Sumter.

The South Carolina Secretaries of War and State
went on the 11th to Fort Sumter under a flag of
truce. There is great excitement, and all aorta
of rumours are afloat as to their object,
but nothing certain is publicly known. The
secretaries remained two hours at Fort Sumter.
It is believed the visit was not hostile. Mr. Cour-
din, a member of the South Carolina Convention,
went to Fort Sumter this morning, and held a
private parley with Major Anderson.
All kinds of rumours prevail as to the cause of
the sending of a flag of truce by South Carolina
last night. Some say that disaffection exists among
Major Anderson's men, and others that a surrender
of the fort is contemplated, and that it will be
evacuated.

It is believed that negotiations with Washington
are going on for a peaceful surrender of the fort,
and for the cessation of a warlike attitude.

Colonel Mayne, ou the part of South Carolina,
and Lieutenant Hall, on the part of Major Ander-
son, have left for Washington with proposals, and
to obtain further instructions.

A Charleston despatch of the 13th says :

Eight working men came away last night in a boat
from Fort Sumter. They report the soldiers on short
allowance.

LA night was quiet. The excitement of the people has
subsided, and there are great hopes that the ultimatum of
South Carolina sent to Washington by Hewn. Hayne and
Hall will give peace.
Nothing of importance transpired at Charleston on
the 15th.

The largest crowd that ever assembled inside the
United States senate house assembled on the 12th
to hear the speech of Hon. W. H. Seward on the
national crisis. The full diplomatic corps were in
attendance, the galleries were crammed almost to
suffocation, and numbers went away unable to ob-
tain admission. Mr. Seward's remarks were lis-
tened to with the moat profound attention. No
business of special importance was done by the
Senate.

On the 14th, Mr. Bigler, of Pennsylvania, pre-
sented in the Senate a bill proposing amendments
to the constitution, to be voted on by the
people on the 12th of February. This
bill carries out substantially the ideas of
Mr. Crittenden, though with some varia-
tion of detail. In the absence of Mr. Critten-
den and other senators, Mr. Bigler preferred to
postpone its consideration and reference. During a
brief discussion relating to it, Mr. Brown, of
Mississippi, announced the secession of his state
from the Union, and said that although he and his
colleague had not yet received official notice of the
states' action, they should decline hereafter to take
part in the Senate's proceedings. Mr. Grimes, of
lowa, offered a resolution, which was laid over,
calling upon the President for information relative
to the alleged intention of certain men, or bodies
of men, to obstruct the free navigation of the
Mississippi. Consideration of the Crittenden
resolutions was postponed. Mr. Polk, of
Missouri, then addressed the Senate on
the subject under consideration, being the resolu-
tion offered by Mr. Hunter, of Virginia, calling
for information regarding the attempt to reinforce
the garrison at Fort Sumter. He found the re-
publican party answerable for all the ills which now
afflict the country, and insisted that the only means
by which the Onion could be saved was through
such guarantees from the North to the South as
would assure the latter equal rights and facilities
in it.

In the Senate, on the 15th, a number of me-
morials were presented, urging the passage of the
Crittenden resolutions, and they were taken up as
the special order. After a short discussion, however,
they were laid over to make way for the Pacific
Railroad Bill, which had also been appointed as a
special order. A motion to postpone its considera-
tion was defeated ; ayes, 12 ; noes, 39. Subse-
quently two other motions to postpone it—one of
them made by Mr. Crittenden—were defeated, and
after considerable debate the Senate adjourned,
pending a motion by Mr. Benjamin, of Louisiana,
to amend the section relating to guarantees. In
the House of Representatives, on the 12th, Mr.
Clark, of Missouri, asked leave to offer a resolu-
tion in reference to the reported occupation of the
government buildings at St. Louis by United
Staten troops, and moved a suspension of the
rules ; but übjectionrwere made, and the resoln-
tiou was not entertained. The Speaker laid before
the house a letter from the Mississippi delegation,
announcing their withdrawal from Congress. Au
attempt was made by the southern members to
have their names and those of the South Carolina
delegation stricken from the roll from the house,
but it did not succeed. The Navy Appropriation
was then taken up, and a long debate followed a
motion to strike out all appropriations, on the
ground that the navy was to be used to make war
upon the seceding states. The southern members
announced their intention to defeat appropriations
for the army and navy by the usual parliamentary
expedients, and a full debate could be had. A
compromise, however, was finally effected on an
agreement that a three days' debate should
take place on the Army and Navy Appro-
priations, and the Navy Bill was allowed to
On the 14th, in the house, Mr. Eng-
lish, of Indiana, asked leave to offer a reso-
lution, instructing the Committee of Thirty-
three to report the proposition of Mr. Crittenden
for the pacification of the country, but objections
were made when Mr. English gave notice that at
the proper time he should move a suspension of the
rules, and subsequently did so, but without suc-
cesr measures were introduced bearing
on the present condition of affairs, which were re-
ferred to the Select Committee of Five on the Pre-
sident's Message. A resolution was adopted, in-
structing that committee to consider and report as
soon as possible upon that portion of the mes-
sage which recommends that a vote of the '
people be taken upon the great question at issue
between the north and south.

Mr. Stanton, of Ohio, made an effort to appoint
for the consideration of the bill providing
for the organisation and discipline of the militia of
the district of Columbia, but he failed by one vote.
The horse then went into committee of the whole
on the Army Appropriation Bill, and the general
debate, which was on Saturday agreed to, was
commenced by Mr. McClernard, of Illinois, who
took strong ground against the right of Pecossion,
and closed with an appeal to all conservative
men to rally to the support of the constitution
and the Union. Mr. Corivin, of Ohio, presented
the majority report of the Committee of Thirty-
three. Mr. Taylor, of Louisiana, obtained leave to
have the minority report printed.
On the 15th, in the house, Mr. Harris, of Mary-
land, presented a petition, signed by 12,000 citi-
zens of Baltimore, irrespective of party, praying
for the adoption of Mr. Crittenden's Compromise
Resolutions. The house then went into committee
of the whole on the Army Bill, and the general
debate on the condition of the country was con-
tinued.

A Washington telegram of the 15th says "
The resolution of the New York bankers, at their
meeting on the 12th, to sustain the government
with money, is hailed here as a most encouraging
token of confidence in its stability, and chills the
movers for the Southern Confederacy, for they
foresee that the two republics cannot borrow in the
same market."

Private advicea from Texas just received indi-
cate the probability that the disunionists will be
badly beaten there.
Letters from Louisiana express the opinion that
the co-operationists will give the immediate se-
cessionists a close race, if the former do not indeed
control the convention.
The New York Times says :

The programme for the establishment of the southern
confederacy is understood to he already perfected. Georgia
it is expected will have declared herself out of the ulnae
by the 19th. When this event shall have happened,
delegates from South Carolina, Alabama, Florida, Missis-
sippi, and Georgia, will assemble at Milledgeville, in the
latter state, to take steps to establish a provisional govern.
anent, and elect a president and vice-president pro Comport,
provide fur an army, and initiate other defensive measures.
It is the intention, also, to dispatch ministers immediately
to foreign powers to negotiate treaties. It is possible that
the states mentioned may be left slots in this movement,
as indications are not wanting that their precipitute action
will not be followed by either Louisiana or Texan, upon
both of which states the secessionists have counted.

Judge Smelly delivered au important charge to
the grand jury in the United States Circuit Court
at New York, on the 14th, on the law of high
treason. He told them that the seizure of United
States property and firing on the United States
flag by persons owing allegiance to the United
Staten, corurtituted high treason by levying war ;
that no state could absolve citizens from the
allegiance to the general government ; and that
neither South Carolina nor any other state could
legally protect citizens of the other states in
waging war against their government. He laid
down the legal definition of treason, and declared it
to be the duty of all good and true citizens to do
everything in their power to suppress rebellion,
expose treason, and bring traitors to justice.

The services of the whole of the first division of
the New York State Militia had been tendered to
the Commander-ia-Chief.

The steamship Star of the West, with 200
United States troops and four officers, which had
been despatched hence for the reinforcement of the
garrison of Fort Sumter, returned to New York
on the 12th, after an ineffectual effort to land
troops at their place of destination. It was with
great difficulty that an entrance was effected into
the harbour of Charleston, on account of the
removal of the coast lights and ranges, and the
displacement of buoys, but when the steamer
had penetrated to within two mike of the
fort, she was fired upon from a masked bat-
tery on Morris Island. Seventeen shots
were discharged, apparently from an eighteen and
from a forty-four pounder, two of which shots
struck the vessel, while others passed over her
near the heads of the captain and pilot, and others
caine near, hitting the machinery and disabling her.
The captain then put about and escaped from the
harbour without sustaining other serious injury,
the ship touching twice in recrossing the bar. The
troops have been relanded at their original quarters
on Governor's Island.

Havannah advices are to the Bth instant, but
they are quite unimportant.
A destructive conflagration at Halifax, Nova
Scotia, had destroyed 59 of the principal esta-
blishments of the town, including the American
Consulate, the Exchange Rooms, Odd Fellows'
Hall, several newspaper offices, stores, &c. One
man was known to have been killed. Many were
injured.