The Express.
London, England, 1861-02-26 00:00:00

TILE EXPRESS, TUESDAY EVENING, FEBRUARY 26, 1861.

the put they took in hailing and celebrating
the advent of the Republic. " The Catholic
" party " are in the habit of blessing before they
betray, and fawning before they curse. It was not until
the Emperor li Ail .i.EcoN began to have a policy of
his own that the Catholic party was converted from
adulation to abuse.

The Bishop of ORLEANS is an Academician, a
man of taste, scholarship, and style. Ho is not to
be classed with astronomers like CuLtes, or *van•

gehsts like WHALE. It is fair, then, to conclude
that he felt the weakness and the falseness of his
case when he burst into such a magnificent passage
as the following. It is an admirable sample of
what we take leave to call the fish-fag sublime
" The power which France made, which France
" restored, which centuries have respected—that
" independent Set of the Pontiff of the human
" owe, which Paris would not cede to Vienna, nor
" Vienna to Madrid, nor Madrid to Munich, you
" propose to convert into a Piedmonteso pre-
" bend." Imagine a cosmopolitan Buddhist,
an accomplished Chinese scholar, a cultivated
Mussulman, a travelling Hindoo, a Turk, a Jew,
or a Russian, reading Bishop DUPANLOUeII ac-
count of the Pontiff of the human race, and test-
ing it calmly by the facts of history. But the
Bishop knows that a pamphlet is only meant to
convince minds unacquainted with history, and
therefore he takes up his wondering tale of the
Papacy with the most comfortable reliance on the
diffusion of useless knowledge among the public
he is addressing.
But it is one thing to take advantage of
public ignorance, and another to descend to
prevarications which cannot deceive a school-
boy. To describe the occupation of Rome by
Italian instead of foreign troops as the conversion
of the Papacy into a " Piedmontese prebend "
may be a highly Apostolical figure of speech, but
only a Bishop intoxicated with the fumes of
clerical hate can be the dupe of such a shallow
sophistication. The spiritual supremacy of the
Pontiff of the Roman Church, flourishing unmo-
lested and unquestioned in the capital of Italy,
under the protection of a national garrison, is
surely more like M. or MONTALEMBERTN ideal of
"a free spiritual supremacy in the midst of a free
"State," than a temporal power dependent on the
coma and precarious alms of foreigners for sub-
sititsnes, and on foreign bayonets for its
" independence."
Bishop DU PANLOUP can deny notorious facts, the
evidence of published despatches; ho can write
history in a flowing episcopal roundhead for the
use of indolent or ignorant fanatics. But he can-
not, with all tho sound and fury of his rhetoric,
explain how the temporal power of the Papacy is
to be preserved, unless it be in one of two ways :
either by a permanent foreign occupation, or by a
collective bodily deportation of the present inha-
bitants of the Roman States. If the Bishop will
my which of thine measures he is prepared to re-
commend, perhaps we shall better understand the
purpose of his pamphlet.

' The irreconcilable incongruity of this temporal
power is in nothing more manifest than in the lan-
guage of Catholic writers and orators. The proposed
Address of the French Senate in reply to the Impe-
rial Speech advises Italy to remember "that to her
" the Catholic world has entrusted the Head of the
" Church as the highest representative of moral
" force." Surely this is a strange and novel in-
terpretation of the legend of Sr. Psrsa's Chair.
According to the Committee of the Senate it is
the Catholic world that made a present of Sr.
Pr= and his successors to the capital of
Italy. It had been generally supposed that
Sr. Pima visited Rome before "the Catholic
" world " came into exiatenee. According
to the Senatorial doctrine, " the Catholic world "
is the collective creditor of the population of the
Roman States, who are too anxious to declare
themselves insolvent. The Senate, however, pro-
poses to declare the Papacy " the highest repro-
" sentative of moral force." Bishop DETANLOVP
and his political friends, who are fond of in-
veighing against material force, will gladly accept
this definition of the Papacy, the only inconve-
nience of which is, that it is entirely compatible
with the immediate application of the principle of
non-intervention to the Patrimony of Sr. PETER.

LATEST INTELLIGENCE.'

CHINA AND JAPAN.

We have received advicea from Hong Kong to
Jan. 15.

In the last overland summary it was noticed that
General Grant and staff had left Tien-tain, as also
all the others who did not intend passing the
winter there. Regarding those who do winter
there, the latest sAlvices describe them as being
comfortably hutted, and enjoying excellent health.
At Hope Sound provisions are scarce, and of an
inferior kind ; but at Taku, good mutton and game
are both plentiful and cheap.

Lord Elgin and suite arrived at Hong Kong in
I. N. steamer Feroze on the Bth of last month, and
left on the 12th for Canton. On the 10th at noon
be held a levee at the government house. His
lordship visits Manilla and Batavia before return-
ing to England.

The commander-in-chief has gone to Nagasaki in
the Chesapeake. Admiral Jones has also gone to
Japan in the Impdrieuse, accompanied by three
other vessels. Matters there have been slightly
unsettled of late, owing to a collision between some
Japanese officials and some Englishmen. It ap-
pears that an Englishman having been arrested for
shooting a goose, was rescued by a few of hia coun-
trymen, and further retaliation resulted in the
serious injury of a Japanese official. A good deal
of sharp feeling has been eliminated, and a notifi-
cation by Captain F. Howard Vyse, acting-consul
at Kanagawa, has been remonstrated against by
many of the English residents there.

The opening of the Yang-taze, a duty which will
probably devolve upon Admiral Jones, is looked
forward to with hopes of immediate commercial
advantage. The Chinese produce at present in the
hands of the rebels is, according to the beat ac-
counts, considerable; "and that they are anxious
to dispose of it," says the Overland Mail, " we can-
not for a moment doubt."

The Island of Chum'', which by treaty provision
had to be given up, has at length been evacuated
by the &Him

At Shangliae, movements are going on against
the rebels, but little fighting has taken place. The
imperial forces are quietly gathering together, and
it is not impossible that we may soon hear of a
battle. Passports to travellers are now obtainable
under the recently ratified treaty.
A treaty—of which the Friend of China publishes
a translation—between Russia and China, was
signed at Pekin on the 14th of November last,
five days after Lord Elgin left the city. The sign-
ing parties were Prince Kung and Count Ignatieff.
By this treaty China cedes to Russia all the sea-
board from the mouth of the Amoor in 141 East,
to the mouth of the Tumen in 131 East. " This
valuable strip of land," says the mail, "is fully
nine hundred miles long by from one hundred to
two hundred miles in breadth, and may be consi-
dered as advancing Russia's facilities for operating
either for or against China."

.
An American named Meredith, engaged in his
lorcha in escorting some merchant junks, has
been taken by pirates near Wanchew, and is
held to ransom for 4,000 dollars. The United
States gun-boat Saginaw has left Hong Hong to try
and liberate him.

" Business in general" says a Hong Kong jour-
nal, " is excessively dull, owing no doubt prin-
cipally to the approach of China New Year, which
occurs 10th proximo. Until this event is over no
revival is anticipated, and it is useless looking
further for a cause of the prevailing dulness. The
recent conclusion of peace, with the consequent
operation of the treaty of Tientsin, is not powerful
enough to overcome ' China customs,' a curtailment
of operations and settlement of scoounts before the
close of and a fresh start at ' New Year.,

ber for the department of Aude, in conformity with
the conclusions of the committee.

ITALY.
ROME (vie MAasintrii), FEB. 24.
An order of the day of General Goyon censures
the demonstrations of the National Committee, re-
jects the congratulations which the latter has ex-
tended to the French, and recommends the soldiers
to avoid popular assemblies.
General Guyon has presented his officers to
Franms IL

ROME, Fie. 24.
The decease of Cardinal Brunelli is announced.
The French are about to occupy a portion of the
province of Froainone.
An order of the day of General Goyon has been
declared to be a calumny on the Pontifical govern-
ment.

The latter is preparing a reply to the pamphlet
of M. de la Guerronnibre, in order to prove that
all the responsibility of the Lite events lies with
the Emperor Napoleon.

Fifteen Romans have been exiled, and have
already left Roman territory.
Francis 11. ix said to intend staying here as long
as the French remain.

The inhabitants of Rome are secretly making
preparations for the reception of King Victor
Emmanuel.

NAPLES Ma Nalanttas), Fen 24.
The suppression of the convents has given rise to
disturbances here.

The rioters attacked several convents.

The National Guard interposed, and in order to
prevent their destruction by the people, quartered
themselves in the convents.

Six hundred insurgents in the Abruzzi, having
been surrounded by the Sardinians, laid down their
arms and withdrew into pontifical territory.

A NEW AUSTRIAN CONSTITUTION.

A telegram in the Timu, from Vienna, dated
yesterday evening, says :
" The Emperor has to-day signed a Constitution.
" The Diet, which is composed of an Upper and
a Lower House, has the right of legislation.

" The Hungarian Constitution remains intact."
VIENNA, TIMIDLY MORIMIG.

The official Wiener Zeitung announces that the
Emperorhas sanctioned the constitutional statutes,
and that they will be published as speedily as their
voluminous nature will permit.