The Express.
London, England, 1861-03-18 00:00:00

LONDON, MONDAY EVENING, MARCH 18, 1861.

No. 4.5544

%INLAND RoUTIL—COMMUNIOATIOI
• • %t to INIriA. At.rTILILLIA. te.. via 1100 Tn.
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WI:Et:LT RTEAM COMMUNICATION to
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a**t we% advaatamaes ternall —For furtlar *Articular,
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"SEAM COMMUNICATION WITH ALL
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W. Show VI ilhana Kriel. Le.

VAC ELLENTE BLJOUTERIE COURANTE.
Jtj 111 0K1.124 SPMIAUX FAIMIQII6"—WATHIOL.
PTO,: and 10400 DEN. having hew honoured with • Vint-char
Medal at the Perla Valenta Yahlbitiou, accompanied by the
shove flattering teetimosslal, respectfully invite the puddle to an
,eetloss of their GOLD CHAINS cml extensive meortimat of
Jilif ILLIMY. all made on the premien.
WATIINWITON•ad DROGUE W i;obleiniths. Manufactory. N.
W. llenrlettaetreet. Coeentasnlen. W Y•tahlieleed A.D. Mt.
Amami made of Mahn and Jewellery for la east M.M. Ttde
entabliahmeed deem at • la the main& and ea Saturday* at
I ado&

On limb SI, pries One nhilling. No. 1 of
THE ST. JAMES'S MAGAZINE,
conducted by Mrs. if V. HALT..
Drsigtird to promote the I iderasta of Home, the Refinements of
Life. and the amusement and Information of all Clara.

1. St. James's. by Robert Bell
2. Can Woom be Right? a Tale. By Mrs. S. C. Han. Mu&
trated with Eteldrip on steel by Ph&
IL Hellas. By Owen Meredith.
4. What Florence Nightingale has Done and Is Doing.
P. The Irish All Koala Night. By the author of •• Paul FerroL"
1. Mauve and Magenta. by Robert Hunt, 'I.R.S.
7. Ralph the Bailiff a Tale. In Three Partu—Part
B. The 1.4Vt11.1 of St Chri3topher. By the author of "John
Hata; Geoitkmau."
9 Notes on "Essaysand Reviews." fly J. 0. Ilalliwell, F.R.S.
11 Among the Stars—in April By Captain Drayeon. R.A.
11. When I Love.. For Munk.
11 NW Gri eel a Tale o' Scotland.
13. The Hilts of Loudon. By Lie Doran, F.S.A.
11. Need of Sanitary Knowledge to Women. By Mrs. Bonifield.
15. Song of the Lark In the City. by Thomas flood.
I.t An &cursor for Muth,' People.
17. What We 14.1 Without Him I
14. The Literature of Gossip.
lit A Story for the Young. By Mrs. S. C. Ran.
London Saunders, Utley. and Co., Oa, Brook-street, W.

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ILLUISTZATID USTABRIDGILIS IDITION.
This day. pries la.. dsnly smy numerous Engravings,
THE YELVERTON MARRIAGE CASE,
with an Its extrnordiaary revelations, incklionts. and
details Illuidrated with Portrait; Views of Localities. Leading
Resat; and Important Situations. RpirMal Copyright Report.
Loudon : George Vickers. Rawl coast% Strand.

Just publieleed. Bebe la. by poet 14 elempi.
DDRBRIGHT'S MANUAL, on Nervonsnon
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In every stage of life sad on let. all circumstances, Ire ewe
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: . ANY& 10 Warwick-kw

THE DUCHESS OF KENT.

This Princess, the object of the hearty respect of
the British nation, as a high source of the virtues
of their Sovereign, has been so exclusively regarded
as the mother of the Queen as to have been little
known outside of that relation. For many years
she has been observed only as moving with the
court—to Frcgmore when the Queen was at Windsor,
and to Abergoldie during the autumn holiday of
the royal bunny at Balmoral. Yet hers was a long
life of strong interests, anxieties, and responsibili-
ties ' • and if we could know her experiences we
might find more romance lying between childhood
and old age than is often found in the life of
princes.

The Princess Maria Louisa Victoria was born
on the same day that Frederick the Great died,
August 17, 1781 i. Daughter and sister of Dukes
of Saxe-Cobourg Saalfeld, she was brought up in
the dulness of s little German court—as little
German courts were in thong days, when the inva-
sion of French ideas, issuing from the court of Fre-
derick, wan only beginning to influence the German
mind, and to create a new literary period. The small
territory in which the Duke's seven children grew
up (of whom the lady now deceased was the
youngest but one, and the King of Belgium the
youngest), resounded with the din of industry, but
was ot,lierwise profoundly quiet. Ironworks and
forges, spinning wheels and looms at which the
well-known Saxony cloths and linens were produced,
saluted one sense ; while others weregreeted by fumes
from chemical and dye works and tanneries. With
perpetual industry of this kind before their eyes,
and a pretty country around them, and a plain and
quiet domestic life within the chateau, these chil-
dren grew up in the acquisition of the practical sense
which has since distinguished them in life. Just
at the time of the Princess's birth there was great
dread in the minds of the opposition in our parlia-
ment lest England should be too much implicated
with the smaller German states, which would have
jeopardised her position with the greater Powers ;
and just when the infant who was to be mother to
a British Queen was seeing the light Mr. Pitt was
agreeing with Fox as to the danger, but declaring
that it was as Elector of Hanover only that George
111. had joined the princes' league for the preserva-
tion of the liberties of Germany. Either statesman
would have been surprised to know how near an
interest would he established between the great
empire they served and one of the smallest of the
German duchies.

The Princess's first clove interest in England
came through her younger brother, Leopold, who
caused some anxiety to his family by the suscepti-
bility of his heart. He was at Paris when he was
three-and twenty, as aide-de-camp to the Grand
Duke Constantine, and there he fell in love with a
young English lady, whose relatives invited him to
London, whither he came in the train of the Allied
Sovereigns in 1814. Supposing himself distinguished
by the Princess Charlotte, lie proposed, and was
refused. Attending ,the sovereigns to Vienna, he
was observed to be again occupied in the same way
before the close of the year ; but in the interval the
Princess Charlotte had become free from her en-
gagements with the Prince of Orange, and an in-
timation reached Prince Leopold from a friend in
Loudon that it was against his interest to be so
open in his attentions to the German lady.
His return to London decided the fate of
other German princes and princesses as well
as his own. At the time of his marriage
to the Princess Charlotte, in May 1818, nothing
could be further from the imagination of his sister,
next above him in age, than that she should become
more nearly connected with the British crown
than this brother, whom all the world regarded as a
favourite of fortune. She was then thirty years of
age, and just two years a widow, having married in
1803 the Prince Emich Charles, of Leiningen.
Her eon had been declared of age at nine years old,
and bad succeeded his father in the Principality of
Leiningen at ten. The mother was occupied in
superintending his education, and that of his sister,
a year younger; little imagining that her present
life was a rehearsal of another child for • greater
throne.

Then followed the apparent overthrow of the
family prospect, as far as the English throne was
concerned. The dream of greatness was dis-
solved in tears ; and the widower of our beloved
Princess Charlotte was sympathised with by all,
and, no doubt, eminently by his sister, as the sport,
aftrr having seemed to be the favourite, of fortune.
But a few weeks proved that new entrances into
our royal family were opened by the change in the
prospect of the succession. the Princess Char-
lotte died in November, 1817 ; and within six
months no less than four marriages were announced
to parliament, as approved by the Regent, on
behalf of his brothers and one sister—the Princess
Elisabeth. The Duke of Cumberland had been
married three years, and his elder brother of York
had long been so. The Dukes of Clarence, Kent,
and Cambridge now announced their engagements ;
and the moat immediately popular was undoubtedly
that of the Duke of Kent. That of the Duke of
Clarence was declared to be broken off, on account
of the unwillingness of parliament to giant him a
larger income than his brothers ; and one effect of
this incident was to turn general attention so the
Duke of Kent, as not only a probable successor
to the throne, but the father of the future line. It
soon appeared, however, that the Clarence mar-
riage was to take place, which it did on the 13th
of July, 1818. The Duke of Kent was married on
the 29th of May, and the Duke of Cambridge on
the Ist of June.

If the Duke of Sluing was the most popular in
the political world for his comparative liberalism,
his brothers of Kent and Cambridge were moat
generally beloved for their interest in benevolent
projects and informal kindliness, of the " true
British " character, in ,which the Regent was re-
markably deficient. There was a strong impres-
sion abroad, too, that the good-natured
Prince Edward had been neglected first, and
oppressed afterwards, by his obstinate and pre-
judiced father ; and when to these causes of inte-
rest was added that of his wife being a sister of
Prince Leopold, with whom all England was still
mourning, it was natural that the heart of the
nation especially followed his fortunes. There
was no disposition on this account to vote
him more money than the small income
given to his brothers. Parliament bad
refused to give 10,0001. a year to the Duke of
Clarence ; and now they were all to have an addi-
tion of 6,00 k, and no more. Hence the iced of
debt which weighed upon the Duchess of Kent
for many years. The Duke had shown the same
lavish tendencies which made the family generally
so unpopular in parliament ; and he had no oppor-
tunity of rectifying his affairs before he died. His
income somewhat exceeded 30,0001. after his
marriage ; but certain loans from the Admiralty
Droits hail remained unpaid for above ten years ;
and the interest of these, and his grest amount of
private debts so far hampered him that neither he
nor his widow could ever have felt at ease about
pecuniary affairs. Hence perhaps the care with
which their child was trained in habits of rectitude
and punctuality in money matters which have made
her a noble exception to all family tradition, in that
branch of morals.

The Duke and Duchess came to England, to be
re-married according to the rites of our Church, and
were received by Prince Leopold at Claremont on
the Ist of July. For the sake of economy they
presently returned to the residence of the Princes
of Leiningen, at Amorbach, where they lived in
retirement. Lord Eldon, being consulted on behalf
of one or other of the royal duchesses, gave it as
bis opinion that it was not necessary that the ex-
pected infants should be born in England ; and it
was at Hanover therefore that the present Duke of
Cambridge was born, on the 28th of the next