The Express.
London, England, 1861-04-08 00:00:00

THE EXPRESS, MONDAY EVENING, APRIL 8, 1861.

or thirty millions sterling upon the general balance
of the transactions between us (and we believe it
requires no demonstration that a large balance is

always due to us from our foreign trade, although
we may not always choose to restrict our transac-
tions and call it in), it stands to common sense
that as he forwards the returns, whilst receiving
diminished consignments, he will get gradually
out of debt. Of course we cannot both eat our
cake and have it. We may regard ourselves to
some extent at present as in the position of
realising our foreign trade assets. This we do
because, owing to the deficiency in the last harvest,
we are subjected to a heavy drain for food at
home. To take $ broad view, it may almost
be said that we are calling in what is due to us
upon our old trade transactions from India, China,
Australia, and other markets, in order that we may
be in a position to pay the balance now demanded
of us by America and by other food-producing
countries. And in this way—remote though the
connexion may seem—a consignment of Manchester
goods, made six months ago to India perhaps, pro-
vides the means of payment for a cargo of grain
transmitted through New York from Illinois.
Viewed broadly, then, we contend that the present
decline in our export trade, though accompanied
by local distress, not only implies relief to the
money market, but is, in a national sense, a natu-
ral means of relief under the drain of money
caused by our large importations of food. We could
not pay for suchlarge quantities of food, and at the
same time give the usual amount of accommoda-
tion in our export trade. The strain would be
too great. And as we must have food, the ex-
port trade goes to the wall for the time. When
we can better afford to do so, wo shall, no doubt,
with the revival of the spirit of enterprise, renew
our consignments to foreign markets upon their
former scale ; and it is very possible that the re-
lief which will have been given to the foreign ware-
houses by the check to the supplies may cause the
revived activity of the export business, when it
occurs, to be attended with considerably increased
profits.

We do not overlook for a moment tho unfavour-
able influence which the check to our exports is
but too likely to have upon the position of the
labouring, more especially of the manufacturing,
population. Declining exports signify stagna-
tion of business, diminution of employment, and
reduction of wages to the working classes. The
profits of the nation are for the time curtailed.
But this cannot be helped. It is one of the vide-
.
situdes of trade, inevitably resulting from the
diminished production of the fruits of the earth.
Such a time is one of national trial. The pre-
dominant sentiment ought to be one of gratitude
at witnessing the strength of the resources of the
country, and the numerous springs of remedial
action which are set in motion.

Allusion has been made above to the glut of
gold which followed the slackening of the export
trade in 1858. Butno such glut is at all likely to
be witnessed now. The year 1858 differs from
1861 in the essential respect that the imports of
foreign commodities were then reduced, whereas
we are now absolutely compelled to go on import-
ing largely, for the population must be fed. The
satisfactory feature at the moment is that,
although we are importing food so largely, we are
reducing our purchases of other foreign commo-
dities. It will be of interest to trace this in tho
last Board of Trade Tables. For example ; in
the month of January (the latest per;od to which
the imports are officially rallied), we imported only
617,9611. worth of cotton, against 1,102,9621. in
January, 1860; only 63,8601. of flax, against
102,5661. in 1860 ; only 9,0971. of hides, against
37,9891. in 1860 ; only 6,2971. of olive oil,
against 28,4241. in 1880 ; only 114,0751. of
butter, against 239,8981. in 1860; only 13,0161.
of cheese, against 79,9451. in 1860 ; only
22,7181. of oil seeds, against 58,7701. in 1860 ;
only 15,3651. of tallow, against 106,5051.
in 1860 ; and only 72,2001. of wool,
against 168,064/. in 1860. On the other
hand, of some other articles, such as wine,
sugar, and timber, we imported a good deal more
than in the corresponding month of last year. Of
breadstuffs, as a matter of course, the imports
were enormous. The wheat imported was valued
at 1,538,9841., against 410,4761. in 1860; the
Indian corn at 253,5341., against 171,8331. ; and
the flour at 658,8681., against 162,8771. But
the hopeful point is, that although the imports of
these three items of breadstuff' in January,
1861, exceeded those in January, 1860, by no
less a sum than 1,706,2001., the imports of all
the articles valued in the official tables (inclusive
of these three articles) exceeded those of the seine
time last year by only 1,167,620/. This oompa-
, risen proves, as we have argued, that, whilst we
are taking more of foreign breadstuff', we are
taking less of other foreign commodities. We
. shall continue to exercise the same kind of provi-
, dance, as future returns will doubtless show, and
by these legitimate means we 'hall endeavour to
, mitigate the pressure to which as a nation we are
, subjected by the partial failure of our home food

OFFICIAL APPOINTMENTS res ClirA.—Mr. L. B.
et. Clair. sow Second Paid Attach. to biz Measety's Mir
eke is Mists is appointed First Paid Attache, is the room
al Mr. U. Norman, dreamed. Mr. G. H. W cow
Unpaid Attache, is appointed Second Paid Aie.chF. L the
rases d Yr. St. CWT. The following srniapments have
Wien plsos in the new porta is China. opened to trade by
the treaty of 'Tiee.tsin At Now-Chang Conseil, Mr. T.
T. Meadows ; First Amistast, Mr. T. Adkins ; Beeond
As-
ddant, Mr. A. larroaport. At Nisrpo : Consul, Mr. F. L.
B. Hervey; latnrprater, Mr. P. J. Hughes; Assistant, Mr.
G. Philips. At Ceseal, Mr. G. W. Chine ; la.
lerpreter, Mr. C. Alain*, ,• Ameddani, Mr. W. C. Cooper.
At resa-Chow Ossesl, Mr. W. H. Medhurst ; Assisteat,
Mr. H. G. HerleAt.-06enver.

Mi. Banns's Rzroam BlLL—Considerable
inniety is felt wins the Mends of York is loth. fate of
Mr. Beinee's hill fee the 1111,11111400 of the borough franchise.
The meetly-funned Reform Amiociation drew up a petition
is its favour, and also in favour of she ballot, and Mr.
Locke King's bill. This petitioe, with wireely any effort
being required, boa been signed by between 2.000 soil 3,000
persone—elerton soil non.electors7exid it will be presented
to the noose of Commons previous to the disetumon of the
question. At the last election, Colonel limyth promised
to vote for • similar qualification for voters, and if his
•• hustings pledge" is kept, he will walk into the same lobby
with the liberal repruromtive. Mr. Westhead. The Wake-
, field town council, at their meeting on Thursday. also re-
solved to petition parliament in favour of the measure.
Leeds Mercury.

NZ COBDEN AND Tat RocIIDALC BANQUIT.-
04 Friday evening a meeting of the Rochdale Reform Cons-
mitts* was held in the committee-roora c 4 the public hall.
The abject of the meeting, was to she preliminary steps for
the forthooming Ralelsle banquet, to be given to Mr. Cob-
den as his 'stun to Eischual in the early pert of May. Mr.
Andrew Stewart, chairman of the committee, received a
' letter from Mr. Cobden, in which the hon. petlenian stated
that the climate ./ Algiers was favourable to his condition
of health, mod that, owing to a bronchial affection, be wu
afraid of returnieg bane until March winds had pseud
away. Now that April has cut in Mr. Stewart is in daily
anticipation of auotlicr letter, as one was promised is the
course of two or three weeks. The meeting appointed a
committee of upwards of twenty gentian's, with power to
add to their number, to make the nacracary provision for
the intended banque4 It wu node...coal that the large
new warehouse of !deem. Kelm!! and Kemp, in Batllie-
Asset, would! be used for the OCCiAiIvD,
TEE LAMBING Sr.Amos.—The fall (if lambs thin
season in the eastern district+ has teen satisfactory and
above the average. A practical agriculturist, writing on
the subject, observes. " We attribute the sumer of the
a 5,.,,. mealy to the shortness .4 the root crop. More dry
fond has necessarily hen, Liven. and fewer turnips; while
injudicious feeding and defective management hare been
the mama of severe lams and want ti meows is breeding
in former yeare."

ebt Court.

A deputation respecting the Bill for Trade I
Marks had an interview on Saturday with the Right Hoo.
T. Milner Gibson, at the Office of the Board of Trade. The
deputation consisted of Moon. Morrison, Dillon, and Co.
(Mr. John Dillon), Messrs. J. F. Pawson and Co. (Mr. J. F.
Pawson), Marra Bradbury, Oreatceex, Beale, and Co.
(Mr. Ceo. B. Creators:), Mesas. George Brettle and 00.
(Mr. Thos. W. Elstob), Messrs. Copeetake, Moore, and Co.
(Mr. Geo. Moore), Messrs. Leaf, Sons, and Co. (Mr. W.
Leaf), sod Messrs. J. and R. Morley (Mr. Sam. Morley).
The Commissioners for the International Exhibition of
11362 bad a meeting on Saturday at their office in the Strand.
Despatches were received on Saturday at the Colonial.
office from the governors of Malta, Canada, and the Mauri.
tiaa Despatehes were sent on Saturday to the governors
of the North American provisoes.

His Excellency the Austrian Ambassador and
the Countmo Appooyi arrived at Chandos House on Satru,
day from visiting the Duke of Rutland at Belvoir Castle.

His Excellency the Persian Ambassador leaves
tows to-day for Paris. Hie excellency will return to
Claridge's Hotel in a few days.
His Excellency Dun Juan de Osma, Peruvian
Minister at this court, has left Farranee's Hotel for his new
residence in Eaton-square.

The Marquis anal Marchioness of Salisbury come
to tows to-day, from Hatfield, for the season.

Maria Marchioness of Ailesbury has returned to
town from a visit to the FArl and Countess Spencer, at
Althorp Park, Northamptonshire.

The Marquis and Marchioness d'Arvidsjaur have
left the Brunswick Hotel, Jermyn-street, for Paris, on their
way to Switzerland.
The Earl awl Countess of Effingham are expected
in town in a few days, from their seat in Yorkshire, for the
mama.

The Earl of Abingdon and Lady Elizabeth Bertie
will return to town on Friday next, from ht. Leooard'e-oo•
Sea, for the mem

Tho Earl of Belmore comes to town to-clay from

Castle-Coole, Ireland.
Viscount and Viscountess Lismore have returned
to town from visiting the Earl of sandwich at Hinchin-
brook.

Lord and Lady Foley arrived at their residence
in Groavenor-epare late on Saturdry night from Paris.
Lord and Lady Colville come to town to-morrow
from visiting the Luke of Rutland at Belvoir Castle.

Lord Londe borough and Mr. Arthur Talbot were
at Barcelona on the 30th nit., after a rapid run from Malta
in the noble lord's new schooner yacht Albertine.

Lord and Lady Cecilia Bingham left Folkestone

ea Saturday for Paris, to pass a few weeks.
Lord Bateman has arrived at his residence in
Brcok•street, from He!marsh Howe, Northampton. Her
ladyship will not come to town for ten days.

Lady LiHord was safely delivered of a son on
Friday, at her residence in Grosvenor-Om.

The Bishop of London and M. Tait have been

sojourning, during the put week, in retirement, at the
Lord Warden, Dover. His lordship left town on Monday
lest, having remained in London over Foster Sunday to
preach the evening sermon at Westminster Abbey. The
bishop is expected to return to Loudon House to-day. To-
morrow his lordship will hold his usual weekly levee.
_ _ _ _

The Right Bon. B. Disraeli and Mrs. Disraeli
have returned to Grosvenor-gate from Wimpole, where
they have been on a visit to the FAH and Counter of Hard-
wick..

The Dean of Worcester has left Farrance's Hotel
for the Deanery, Worcester.

" Tho Marquis of Downxhire's yacht Sylphide,"
lays 'letter from Genoa, " has arrived at this port from
Leghorn. The Marquis and idarchioneui of Downshire,
the Earl of Hillsborough, Lady Alice and Lord Arthur
Hill, accompanied by Major Maxwell Earle and Mr. Pea.
sing Edgcumbe, who h►ve been cruising with them, have
left the ship, and will return to England by laud, rid
Paris."

The Lord-Lieutenant has answered the memorial
from twelve orangenien imprisoned in Armagh. His excel-
lency has decided, on a full review of all the circumstances
of the case, that the law must take its muse. _

There was an extra performance of the garrison
amateur theatricals in the theatre of the Portobello
Gardens, Dublin,on Friday nigbt,wben the Lord-Lieutenant,
as patron, was present, surrounded by • distinguished
company.

iheequestriau statue of the late King of Sar-
dinia. Charles Albert, by Baron Marochetti, wu received
at the St. Katharine Docks on Saturday for shipment by
the screw steamer Chester. The statue is packed in several
eases, one of which is 15 feet long and 10 feet high. The
pedestal of polished granite, a fine specimen of English
workmanship, was executed at I'enryn, and is now in
enures of shipment.

FAMINE IN INDIA.

On Saturday the General Committee for the
Indian Belief Fund met at the Ilaasiombouse, at 3 o'clock,
and it was reported that up to that time the sum subscribed
was upwards of 26,0001., exclusive of the amounts at many
country bankers not yet sent in. Amongst the principal
donation received during the day were Messrs. Barclay and
Co., lON. ; the Hoe. Speaker of the House of Commons,
; Leaf, Sous, and Co., 1001. ; Bank of Australasia, 1001. ;
N••••,1001.

Tns En/41mm IN INDIA.—On Friday a meeting
wm held in Liverpool to collect funds for the relief of the
distress aroocgst the starvirg natives of India. On Satur-
day, at two o'clock p.m., the inhabitants of Liverpool, with
their usual promptness, had contributed 3,500 f., and it was
amiklantly believed that before the despatch of the road,
this already larp amount would be considerably augmented.
The Mayors of Cambridge and Ipswich have
eonveosd tows meetings in aid of the Indian Relief Fond.
The Mayor of Colchester has alao suggested to the clergy
and dissenting ministers of that town the propriety of
making collections among their various congregations.
Numerous and itifluential meetings have bees held at
Edinburgh and Dublin.

FATAL ACM DEIS! lte THE CHAELEVILLZ FAIRLY.—
lady Harriett Bury, second daughter of the late Earl sad
Constese of Charleville, wsa accidentally killed by falling
from the top of the stairs, at the family scat, Charleville
Castle, Tullamore, between 5 and 6 o'clock on Wednesday
evening last. The premature death of her ladyship, in the
lower of her childhood, has plunged the noble family into
the deepest grief. lady Harriett, • tine promising child,
ors in her seventh year. It appears that cso the day and at
the time above-named she was sent by her governess from
His schoolroom up to the nursery to wash her hands before
dinner, and, after doing so, she went to slide down the banister
of the principal stairs in the nuansioo, which was highly polished
and as slippery as glass. When thus amusing herself oho
lost her balance, acid fell down a distance of between ten
land fifteen feet, and when taken up it wee found that she
was dead, the spine of her lack having hem dislocated.
The deocased was a lively and intelligent child, and of the
most affectionate and engaging disposition. Immediately '
alter the death of her noble tallier she, with ben brother
and sister, were made wards of Chancery. and resided
with one of their guardians, the Hon. Alfred Bury, in the
family reuidenee, Charleville Castle. Au inquest waa sub-
sequently held by the coroner of the district, the jury on
which was composed of the meet respectable inhabitant.
of Taman and its vicinity, who returned a verdict in
conformity with the evidence.
RARE BIRD& —During the late severe winter a
pair of eagles, driven southward, by cold and scarcity of
food, made their appearance at Holkham, the meat of the
Fan of Leicester, on the coast of Norfolk. Much to his
credit, the noble lord, instead of trying bin skill with the
rifle on his royal visitors, gave strict orders that they should
be molested. Thus protected, they remained in the
neighbourhood for several weeks, having made considerable
ravages on the geese and ducks on the lake, but, having been
thus hospitably entertained, there is good reason to hope
that they will renew their visit annually. We frost that
his lordship will not be dwapp2inted.
MUNIrIcENT OHM( —blues Burdett Coutte has,
with her wonted sympathy for shipwrecked seamen, inti-
mated her intention to present the cost (about 2(10t.) of •
lifeboat to Plymouth, where the Royal National lifeboat
Institution is engaged in organising a lifeboat station. The
Rev. 11. J. Hutcherson, 11. A., has presented to the Life-
boat Institution 1601. to pay the expense of the Dungeness
lifeboat oa the wad of Kent, sort an additional donation of
204 in aid of it. general funds. Mimi Wasey, of Priors
Court, ham also just given the National Lifeboat fratitutioa
1001. to aid in carryieg out its philanthropic objecta, in addl.
Boa to 110/. previously presented by her to it. During the
peat seven years the average loss of life from shipwrecks oe
the coasts and in the ems rat the British Isles was 800. The
institution is at present using every effort to plea Wabash,
on all danserous points of the emote, and is seeking every
information to awertain where, from the occurrence of
shipwrecks, lifeboats would be of service, and where the
nominate are prepared to help the institution to keep the
lifeboat stations in • state of efficiency iu future yews.

was unpopular, has resigned, and all the unpopular
mayors of the neighbouring towns have been dis-
mimed.

WARSAW, APIUL 7.
The Agricultural Society of Poland has been dis-
solved, on the ground that it was an institution
which did not harmonise with the present state of
things.
Agricultural commissions are to be established in
different parts of the country.
The Ministry of the Interior is said to have pro-
posed that the funds of the association should be
lodged provisionally with the Bank of Poland.
POSEN, SUNDAY ERWIN°.
A monster popular demonstration is to take place
at Warsaw to-day.
Numerous bands of people will proceed to the
cemetery where the victims of February were buried.
The excitement is very great. In the Polish
provinces demonstrations are likewise taking place.
The Governor of Suwalki has tendered his re-
signation, which has been accepted.
The Governor of Lublin has left that city for
Warsaw.

DENMARK.
ITZEHOE, APRIL 7, Darns°.
The committee of the Estates have concluded
their examination of the Danish proposals in
reference to the budget.
The report of the committee will be discussed
in the Estates to-morrow.
It is asserted that the conclusions of the com-
mission are to the following effect :—That the
Estates cannot treat the budget in the manner
propowd, namely, that the assembly should merely
make proposals, and that the government should
decide thereon.

TURKEY.
VIENNA, Arm 6.
The Turki,ll blockading squadron bag arrived
before Autivari.