The Express.
London, England, 1861-09-23 00:00:00

THE EXPRESS, MONDAY EVENING,• SEPTEMBER 23, 1861.

LATEST INTELLIGENCE.

THE EMPEROR OF RUSSIA ON THE
AMERICAN WAR.
• LIVERPOOL, MONDAY.
The Royal Mail steamship Asia, Captain Lott,
from New York on the 11th inst., arrived here
last night about 10.30.
The following despatch was read by the Baron
do Stoeckl, Russian minister at Washington, to
President Lincoln, an audience on the 7th of
September :

St. Petersburg, July 10.

Sir,—From the beginning of the conflict which divides
the United States of America, you have been desired to
make known to the Federal government the deep interest
with which our august master WWI observing the develop-
ment of a crisis which puts in question the prosperity end
seem the existence of the union. The Emperor profoundly
regrets to see that the hope of a peaceful solution is not
realised, and that American citizens, already in arms, are
ready to let loose upon their country the most formidable
of the scourges of political society—a civil war.
For more than the eighty yeas that it has ex-
isted, the American union owes its independence,
its towering rise, and its progress, to the concord of its
members, consecrated under the auspices of its illustrious
founder by institutions which have been able to reconcile
the union with liberty. This union has been faithful. It
has exhibited to the world the spectacle of a prosperity
without example in the annals of history. It would be de-
plorable that, after so conclusive an experience, the United
Statism should be hurried into a breach of the solemn corn-
pact, which, up to this time, has made their power. In
spite of the diversity of their constitutions, and of their
interests—wad, perhaps, even because of their diversity—
Providence seems to urge them to draw closer the traditional
bond, which is the basis of the very condition of their
political existence. In any event, the sacrifices they
might impose upon themselves to maintain it are
beyond comparison with those which dissolution would
bring after it. United, they perfect themselves; isolated,
they are paralysed.
The struggle which unhappily has just arisen can neither
be indefinitely prolonged, nor lead to the total destruction
of one of the parties. Sooner or later it will be necessary
to come to some settlement, whatsoever it may be, which
may cause the divergent interests now actually in conflict to
co-exhit. The American nation would then give proof of
high political wisdom in seeking in common such a settle-
ment, before a lacteal effusion of blood, a Innen squander-
ing of strength and of public riches, and seta of violence end
political reprisals shall have come to deepen an abju
between the two parties of the confederation, to end, defi-
nitively. in their mutual exhaustion, and in the ruin, per-
haps irreparable, of their commercial and political power.
Our august master cannot resign himself to admit such
deplorable anticipations
NY Imperial Majesty still places his confidence in that
practical good sense of the citizens of the union who
appreciate so judiciously their true interests.
His Majesty is happy to believe that the members of the
Federal government and the influential men of the two
parties will ,seize all ooraxions, and will uuito ell their
efforts, to calm the effervescence of the passions. There
are no interests so divergent that it may not be possible to
reconcile them by labouring to that end with zeal and
perseverance in • spirit of justice and moderation.

If, within the limits of your friendly relations, your lan-
fume and your counsels may contribute to this result, you
will respond, Sir, to the intentions of his Majesty the Em-
peror in devoting to this the personal influence which you
may have been able to acquire during your long residence at
Washington, and the consideration which belongs to your
character as the representative of a sovereign animated by
the most friendly sentiment, towards the American union.
This union is not simply in our eyes an element essential to
the universal political equilibrium ; it constitutes, be-
sides, a nation to which our august master and
all Russia have pledged the most friendly interests,
for the two countries, placed at the extremities
of the two worlds, appear called to ■ natural community of
interests and sympathies, of which they have already given
mutual proofs to each other. I do not wish here to sr
preach any of the questions which divide the United
States. We are not called upon to express ourselves in
this contest. The preceding considerations have no other

object than to attest the lively solicitude of the Emperor in
the presence of the dangers which menace the American
union, and the sincere wishes which his Majesty entertains
for the maintenance of that great work so laboriously
raised, and which appeared so rich in its future.
It is in this sense, Sir, that I desire you to ex-
press yowsell as well to the members of the general
government as to the influential persons whom you may
meet, giving them the assurance that in every event the
American nation may count on the most cordial sympathy
of our august master during the important crisis which it is
paring through at the present.
Receive, Sir, the expression of my very deep considers.
tins. (Signed) Goercitscorr.

M. do Stoecki, he., he.
The Secretary of State has delivered to Mr.
Stoecla the following acknowledgment :
Department of State, Washington,
Sept. 7, 1861.

The Secretary is authorised by the President to expree,
to Mr. De Steak], Envoy Extraordinary and Minister Ple-
nipotentiary of his Majesty the Emperor of Russia, his pro-
found sense of the liberal, friendly, and magnanimous sen-
timents of his Majesty on the subject of the internal
differences which, for a time, have seemed to
threaten the American union, as they are corn.
municated in the instruction, from Prince Dort-
chakoff to Mr. de Stoeckl, sad by him read, by hie
Majesty's direction; to the President of the United Santee
sad the Secretary of State. Mr. De Stoeckl will expreee to
him government the satisfaction with which the government
regards this DOW guarantee of a friendship between the two
countries, which bad its beginning with the national
existence of the United States.

The Secretary of State offers to Mr. De Stoeckl renewed
ansersams of his WI somideration.
Mr. Ed. tie Stoecki. Witti.tw H. SEWARD.
The Washington corespondent of the New York
Tribune writes as follows :
Prince Cortchakoff, to give impressive earnestness to the
moaning of the Emperor's letter, directed Baron Stoeckl
to read it in person to the President. The baron mine ex-
pressly for this purpose from New York yestenley, and the
despatch was read by him to Mr. Lincoln and the Secretary
of State, in the blue-room. Prince Gortchakoff further
directed the Russian ntiuieter to make the Emperor's
friendly letter public to the people of the United States
through the newspaper prim.

It is reported that ten Confederate regiments
have been withdrawn from Virginia for the protec-
tion of the North Carolina coast.

It is also rumoured that an additional expedi-
tion to the Southern coast will be inaugurated im-
mediately.
The Federal Government has forbidden the
transfer agents of the New York Central Railway to
transfer or pay dividends on stock to owners iu the
South.

The Hammonia has arrived out.
The Africa was intercepted off Cape Race on the
9th instant.
COMMERCIAL INTELLIGENCE.
_

Provisions slightly firmer. Wheat firm and ad-
vancing. Flour improving. Corn and sugar good
inquiry. Coffee unchanged. MollllBbeB steady.
Cotton quiet ; middling Upland, 22c. to 220.
Money tighter. Exchange steady, 1071. Ctacks
steady : New York Central, 73# ; Erie, 251 ; Illi-
nois Central, 67g.

NEW YORK, Szrr. 11, Nowa.

The Baltimore A merican states that &Mississippi
regiment at Leesburg had revolted, broken their
muskets, and started home.
One company of the Naw York Rifle Regiment
has attempted to desert.
They were fired upon, and two men were killed ;
the remainder were arrested.

General Polk has proposed to the government of
Kentucky that both Confederates and Federals
should withdraw from that State and respect its
neutrality.
The greatest activity prevails in the Federal
navy departments.

Tho report of the death of President Davis is
now totally discredited.

The New York Wurbl states that an impression
is gaining ground at Washington that the Confede-
rates will await an attack from the Federals.
The North Briton has arrived out.

GARIBALDI AND THE UNITED STATES.
A Turin letter of September 18, in the Opinion
Nationale, says :
It is high time to know something definite about the ne-
gotiations between Garibaldi and the United States. I
know not why, but the greatest mystery bangs over this
affair. The journals here have scarcely spoken of it.
Garibaldi and the United States Minister both maintain the
profoundest edema on the subject. I have inquired of
almost all Garibaldi's generale, and found that they knew
no more than I did. At length, however, with much ado,
I have obtained the followiug information.
You know that Garibaldi lived fur many years in New
York, where he was much beloved. He has a great affection
for the country, and his independent character sympathised
with the individual liberty which he fond prevailing in it.
When the war between the North and the South broke out,
all Ili. sympathies were in favour of the union ; he wrote ea
much to his friends in America, ani they in reply entreated
biro to come out to help them. About two months
ago several rich Americans offered to find him a
very large capital if be would raise • corps franc for
America, and take the command of it. Private individuals
could do no more. But such a position, which might have
suited Garibaldi well enough in latit, was beneath the
dignity of the hero of Marsala and Palermo. While the
North Americans wens thus paying court to Garibaldi, those
of the South also made attempts to gain him to their came.
A deputation from the South represented to him that the
merits of the quarrel between the two branches of the great
western republic required very close examination, and that
the question of slavery put by the North was, in reality,
of less importance than the free trade platform upon which
the South took its stand. These arguments are said to have
made some impression upon Garibaldi. After the defeat
of the Federal army, the government of the United States
began to think seriously of making to Garibaldi
such a propa•l as he could aooept. Mr. Marsh,
the United States Minister at Turin, was manifestly not
an eligible negotiator iu a matter so deeply involving the
interests of Italy, and therefore the American Minister at
Brussels, who, it is said, had been a friend of Garibaldi in
America, was thought of. He was charged to sound Gari-
baldi. It is well known that Garibaldi is dying of multi at
Caprera. Read the life of this extraordinary man: You
find him in New York, California, Peru, Buenos Ayres,
China— and at Let the Italian revolution of 1859 found him
a captain of • merchantman. His powerful organisation
consumes by inaction. For the last mouth he has been con-
fined to his bed with rheumatic pains which it is known by
experience would disappear under the excitement of active
life. The United States envoy, therefore, found Garibaldi
anxious for a change of life. As to the conditions submitted
to him, I eau only speak with all reserve. It seems, however,
beyond doubt that he was offered the command-in-chief of
the United States army ; but it is also said that he was to
take no iniportantatep without the sanction of a council of war
nominated by the Washington government. His staff was to
be composed mainly of officers of his own choice, but in no
case was he to be allowed to put Italian generals into prin-
cipal commands. The rewards to his officers were to con-
sist of nominal rank, er in cases of pre-eminent service,
territorial allotments. Garibaldi, whose habit is to take
counsel of himself alone in difficult cases, did not like the
idea of being followed by an itinerant council of war, to
which he would be Loma to defer, and he moreover insisted
upon a coodition which the American Minister was not pre-
pared to accede to, namely, that he should be permitted to
return to Italy at any moment when his presence might be
necessary. On the whole, an unknown theatre of war,
foreign generals, a doubtful cause, Italy separated from him'
by the Atlantic, and his best and dearest officers ringing in
his sirs the word "Roane" and "Venice," made Garibaldi
hesitate. The United States envoy returned from Caprera
to Genoa without having concluded anything. Many, how-
ever, pretend that the matter is still open. Let us hope
the contrary.
The Morimento of Genoa says :

Letters from Captors of the Pith state that General Gari-
baldi has completely recovered from his indisposition, and
resumed his ordinary occupations. The arrival of his sons,
and iopecially of Ricciotti, the younger, whom he had not
seen for a long time, has completed his domestic happiness.
Numerous addresses have been sent him from all parts of
Italy on the occasion of the anniversary of the 7th Septem-
ber, and prove that the affection of the Italian people for
him has not declined.

ITALY AND SPAIN.

TURIN, BErr. 18.

The Spanish government has not positively re-
fused to deliver up to M. Tecco (who represents
the Italian government at Madrid) the archives of
the Neapolitan consulate: but it continues to make
evasive answers to all demands. A fresh note has
been sent from Turin to M. Calderon Collantes, the
minister of foreign affairs at Madrid, and this note
is so categorical and pressing that refusal to com-
ply with it must inevitably lead to a complete di-
plomatic rupture between the two countries. It
will be remembered that the cabinet of Madrid re-
called the Spanish minister from Turin when the
Marches were annexed to Piedmont, but the Italian
government, making allowance for the natural sym-
pathy of the court of Spain for the Bourbons and
the Pope, still left M. Two) at Madrid.

(REUTIIII TILICOLUIB.)
FRANCK

PARIS, SM. 23.

The Monikur of this morning aunoun cos, in its
political bulletin, that the king of Prussia will
arrive at Compiegne on the Gth October, and adds :
" It appears certain that almost at the same peried
there will be another royal visit to France."

AUSTRIA.

VIENNA, Sur. M.

The Ost Dcutedie Post and the Press; of to-day
give a formal denial to the rumours of a minis-
terial crisis, which had been circulated by some
other Vienna papers, and state that, on the con-
trary, Baron Schmerling on Saturday last conferred
and agreed with Baron Forgach, Aulic Chancellor
for Hungary, upon several administrative ques-
tions.

THE HAGUE.
THE HAGUE, S. 23

The Minister of Finance has submitted to the
Chamber of Deputies the draft of the budget for
1862. The redemption of the public debt is post-
poned until the proposed junction of the rivers
with the sea by means of canals, and the emancipa-
tion of the slaves in the Dutch colonies has been
o,►rried out.