The Express.
London, England, 1868-07-20 00:00:00

TITS EXPRESS, MONDAY EItICING, JULY 20, 1868.

I!.

QEEN'S THEATRE, Long-acre. —hi
Nr. W. H. utrrox.—TO-NIGHT, at * rtlerhrt:
TIMM AND THE HOUR. To novelist@ with itoneV
Webb, turowtoral Pow of Extrsraganes, entitled YOWLDar PLAY.o
QUEEN'S THEATRE. - -LAST FOUR NIGHTS
of TIME AND THE HOUR

QIIEEN'tiI THEATRE.—NOTICE.—In cense-
Gurnee ot the elaborate preteustkase for the produotion of
Ate LANCASHIRE LAM, the Maaepereent b.( to announce that
Vie Theatre trill be CWBEII for • DItEBB REHEARSAL. on
?KITIMAT EVENING. July Kid. LANCASHLICK LAM.
July 111.

LANCASHIRE LASS; an Original
egg
IBrsais of Mxo demoniac and rosiodnunatte interest, In
Tsar Tabula and a Aoleaue, written by Beery J. Byron. Author
" Dearer than life," to.,_ will be oilseed on the OCOMaiiol2 of
r. W H. LISTON'S FIRFr BENYPIT. FRIDAY, July D.

THE LANCASHIRE LASS.—On FRIDAY,
July lllth.

MR. JAMES ANDERSON as " King John;"
Piss Frappes Houser* as "Lady Oceetanes," Tow
day, Tbanday, and Saturday neat.. Mr. P•sadnetos •• eC3:llO,t:
••• Frida gr. F. ItunkolasseALßizr
the 113tikret • Kies,'' EVERT E.741N0 at 7.—HA
THEATRE.

ROYAL ALHAMBRA PALACE.—Three
M.
Promenade Omeort. Band aW. Bern M 12.
BoaMbes OPOD ft.' ta
m 4.

FURN !TIME and DECORATION. —JACK-
som end GRAHAM invite families about to furnfah to M-
imeo, the various departmental of their establishment (the
and moot complete of kmd) anl their manufactory adJ=,
in whit+, with the aid of steam pc wer and machinery, all means of
ironornming cost in the production of tint-.less furcuture are em-
ployed. The show-rooms contain every description and style of
furniture from that adopted to the requirement& of theme who de-
sire to furniiM at the moot economical rate imaiiiiitent with good
taste and sound workmanship to that in which art industry of the
hishret Maas is employed. Every article is marked In plain figures
met caah prima-23 33, 34, 33, 37. and 38, Oxferdwtrest.

WILLIAM CHURTON and SON,
11081Elth and 8111:1172LULER&
LIMES UNDLRCLOTIIING.
91 and at OXFORD-MIX:BT.

NEWTON WILNON and Co.'s 13EWLNG
MACHINE&
_ . ___ ______ ___ - - . --

PARIS KaHrBITTOICTWO-ATZX MEDAL&
NEW HAND MACHINES.
QUEEN MAR, CLEOPATRA.
HAND LOCESsIITCH, DORCAS, AND PENELOPE.
The only bandeewing machines that have prise medals. The
American button-hole, eyelet•holo, oversew:ars machine, for the
gist time the complete combination of • sewing and button-hole
scutobine. Makes He buttomboles psi hour, and changes in •
minute to *sin sewing. Illustrated catalogues free.—lM High
Holborn: 144. Cheeped., and 215. Rnitnat-atrent.

JOHN BROW/E./CS CLASSIC JEWELRY.

PARIS FIMT-CLASS SILVER MEDAL, 1867.

JOHN BROODEN'S 18-carat (SOLD CHAINS.

JOHN BROODEN'S BRACELETS.

JOHN BROODER'S BROOCHES.

NO. 18, HENRLETTA-BTEEET, Covent-
,
1 Garden.

JOBE BROODEN'S GEM and WEDDING
RING&

JOHN BBOODEN'S NECKLACES.

JOHN BILOODEN'S EA.RBINGS.

ORIGINAL GOLD CHAIN MANUFACTORY.

, ,

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Teri Inanyo, THE DAY AFTEE-TMI WEDDING.—AIter
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LONDON, MONDAY, JULY 20.

THE ART OF ELECTIONEERING.

L

AOOOIIDINO to one of the oldest and soundest
of political authorities, the degraded type of an
aristocracy is a plutocracy, in which the govern-
ment of the most worthy is converted into the
government of the most wealthy. This is the
form of deterioration which Mr. Lows
has predicted for England under the re-
siduum. Railway directors and contrac-
tors, stock-brokers and cotton-manufacturers,
squatters from Australia, and traders, half-mer-
chanta half-smugglers, from the China seas, are
to be the governing classes of the future. These
melancholy predictions are, perhaps, a shade too
despondent. They are not new in our history.
At every period in which new sources of wealth
have been discovered, and fortunes have been
rapidly made and as rapidly lost, and men have
been millionaires one year and bankrupte the next,
the same language has been used with much the
same rearm. Successful men in England all go
into Parliament or strive to go there. The
nabobs of two or three generations ago, when
India was the Potosi of this country, were the
nouveaux riches of that day, and were the objects
of the same personal veneration and political alarm
that are now entertained towards railway directors
and commercial financiers by men poorer than
themselves. From the catastrophe in which
everything threatens to be submerged in a
flood of gold, Mr. Fswcarr has done some-
thing to save the nation, by the clause which
he has induoed the House of Commons to
pass, for transferring the legitimate expenses
of elections, the 004 of hultings• poll-clerks,
polling-booths, &c., from the candidates to the
county and borough rates. What these expenses

I,

are very few persons have anything like an ade-
quate idea, though returns of the expenses of
elections are among the document. annually laid
before Parliament. Mr. Lowe, two sessions ago,
when he was in the full swing of his crusade
against vulgar poverty and more vulgar wealth,
regaled the House of Commons with a few extracts
from this Libor Aureus, or golden book of the
British constitution. The expenses of the oloo-
tion for Stafford he told the House were
5,400/. ; for Stoke-upon-Trent, 6,7001. ; for
Sunderland, 5,0001. ; for Westminster, 12,0001.
The Northern Division of Durham cost
14,620/. ; and the Southern Division, 11,0001. ;
South Essex coat 10,0001.; West Kent cost
12,000/. ; North Staffordshire, 14,000/. ; North
Warwickshire, 10,0001. ; South Warwickshire,
13,000/. ; North Wiltshire, 13,0001. ; South
Wiltshire, 12,000/. ; and the North Riding
of Yorkshire, 27,0001. ; all ae Mr. Lows
remarked, legitimate expenses, but by no
means the whole expense. Mr. FAWCETT'S
clause will do something to reduce these enormous
totals, but it will not do very much. Its provi-
sions are confined to the expenses inourred by the
returning officer, which are a very small portion
of those which the law allows. If the House is
really in earnest, it will support the clause proposed
by Mr. LABOUCIIERE, prohibiting payment for the
conveyanceof voters to the poll in counties, and Mr.
MILL's clause which forbids the employment of paid
canvassers, or of any other agents than the one
appointed under the Corrupt Practices Act. Even
supposing these proposals to be accepted, the
largest purse will still have the greatest advantage
in populous constituencies. The hiring of places
for public meetings, of committee-rooms, the
printing of bills and circulars, and the other appa-
ratus of a fair canvass, will often involve the
spending of thousands of pounds. The rich man
will still find that the portal of St. Stephen's is •
one of those gates which open most readily to
golden keys. Then there is the ample field of
poet-electioneering charity. The benevolence
which is shown after one contest, if it be not
carried to the donor's credit at the next election,
is still a pledge and assurance of equal liberality
after the next victory. The relation of member
and constituency seems sometimes to be
of an almost sacred character. Cities in
the old world often had in other places
their guest friends to whom they were bound by
ties of mutual good service. But the allegiance
was slight and fragile as compared with the
affectionate interest which binds members to the
boroughs which they have wooed and won, and to
their individual inhabitants, one by one. The
religious welfare of his constituents is dear
to the member, as is evinced by his subscrip-
tions to their Churches and Chapels ; the
Hospital and Dispensary which alleviate
their physical ills come in for a share of his re-
gards; even their amusements are not too trivial
for his kindly patronage; and the member's
purse, or cup, or whip, his prize for the races, the
rifle, cricket, or archery match, may show how
keenly he appreciates those healthful exercises,
which display at once manly strength and skill
and the graces of the feminine figure. As
there were in old times men who built churches to
save their souls, so there are now men who found
hospitals to save their seats. Dockyards and
waterworks and railways afford a field in which
political benevolence may gratify its longing
desire to do good. Nominations to the Custom-
house and Excise will still remain to afford proof
of the regard which makes a member
feel himself to be the father of his borough, in
the sense in which a King is supposed to con-
sider himself the father of his people. If it is no
longer possible for candidates like the Honourable
Mr. &must &arum, at Eatanswill, to present
green parasols to the wives and daughters of
voters, he can still, without suspicion of
corrupt practices, shake hands with men
washed for the purpose, kiss the babies,
flirt with the young ladies, and compli-
ment the mothers. The blandishments of
members are not made illegal by the Election
Petitions BilL As legitimate expenses are dimi-
nished, and direct bribery becomes dangerous, a
large and spontaneous charity will increase, until
the public conscience awakens to the sense that
indirect corruption may be baser than direct
bribery ; and that the man who affects to be a
munificent patron will prove generally but a faith-
less representative and servant.

LORD BROUGHAM'S AUTOBIOGIUPHY.

concern-

SOON after the
ing Dr. CatrvEs's claims upon the MSS. auto-
biography of the late Lord BROUGHAM, we
expressed a decided opinion that the work in
question would never see the light in its present
form. There were valid reasons, we hinted,
against the publication, and it needs no special
knowledge to divine what these are. His late
lordship was too vigorous an opponent and held
too strong opinions to make it expedient to pub-
lish his private views upon his colleagues and
contemporaries while so many are alive to
be pained at his outspokenness. The solicitors'
dispute now going on in the Times only
touches upon Dr. Calmar's original share
in preparing the autobiography for the press. On
Saturday the advisers of the late Lord Bitotromut
contradicted the Times' report "that certain letters
" and papers were entrusted to Dr. CAUVIN byLord
" BROUGHAM for the purpose of writing an auto-
" biography of his lordship," and insisted that the
doctor's duty was one of " arrangement" only,
coupled with an express injunction that he was to
write nothing. Dr. CAl:Tyne s solicitors reply to-day
with the following extract from a letter written to
their client in November, 1866, by the present
Lord BROUGHAM :

Three gentlemen have read the MBB., viz.—Mr. Henry
Beers, Mr. Elwin (lately editor of the Quarterly), and very
recently Mr. John Forster. They all agree in opinion,
in which I entirely concur, that the MB. will require great
and very careful revision, and, above all, arrangement,
before it can be rent to the press. Mr. Forster was here
for a week last month for the express purpose of reading
the MB., and, while he perfectly agreed with me that if
possible the actual publication ought to be deferred till
after Lord Brougham's death, yet he was meet decidedly
of opinion that it ought to be revised and rearranged
while he is alive, in order that alterations and corrections
may be adopted by him, and that much information which
the reviser may require may be obtained from Lord
Brougham's own lips• . . . . Of course you will un-
derstand that the book will be published as Lord
Brougham's Autobiography ; as his biography by himself,
for which reason we are so desirous that any recasting or
material alterations should be prepared in his lifetime and
submitted to him.

The "very careful revision," and the " delay in
" publication" both point, if our theory be correct,
to the piquant character of these memoirs. Lord
BROl7ollAll'e Well known opinions ; the fact of
his being actively engaged in the most stirring
party conflicts of the country ; his relations with
the great Liberal leaders ; his attitude when first
let loose upon the House of Peers ; his fierce in-
dignation at what he regarded the political and
social infamies of his time--would combine to make
his genuine autobiography a literary curiosity.

....

Elvill we ever see it, or will it be so pruned down
and modified as to be a genteel and colourless
parspbase of what the real man said ?

DIPSOMANIAOS.

SCOTLAND is the place for hopeless drunkards,
conscious of their infirmity. We mean no satire
upon the social habits of the country. The
nips of whisky at all hours, the neat spirit-
drinking at meal-times, and the comparative im-
punity from ill effects engendered by the pure
mountain air make the sister-ootintry a seducing
place to those endowed with chronic craving for
alcohol. Dean RAMSAY'S interesting book on the
social characteristics of the Scotsman of the last

century, shows of what long-standing, and how
deeply rooted, are drinking customs north of the
Tweed, and the present action of the Lu-
nacy Board for Scotland shows a ju-
dicious appreciation of the effects of the
national habit when carried too far. " Persons un-
" able to resist the tendency to excessive drinking
" should be allowed to place themselves under
" control and treatment without the authority of
" the Sheriff," wrote this wise board in 1866, and
by the Lunacy Amendment Act passed in the same
year it was made lawful to receive into asylums
patients who should have expressed in writing to
the Commission of Lunacy a wish to bo restrained.
In Scotland 14 persons were admitted into public
asylums and throe into private ones in the year
1867. These patients, we are told, are
not necessarily all dipsomaniacs, a hint to
which wo can only reply we fervently hope
they were. If it be once recognised that a help-
less, nerveless drunkard may be legally protected
from himself, some of the worst evils arising
from the worst of vices have a chance of abate-
ment. It is dangerous to countenance aught
likely to trench upon the liberty of the subject;
and, save in rare instances, tho wildest vagaries
of delirium tremens do not land the madman guilty
of them in a lunatic asylum. Few doctors care
for the responsibility the necessary certificate
implies. But enable a man to shut himself up,
and who can estimate the diminution of drunken-
ness likely to follow?

penes in the cases where counties are divided upon the
division in which the election takes place, and one by Yr.
Fawcett requiring caution money as a guarsate• splint
futile candidatures. Neither of th se proposals ought to

create difficulty ; but the liberals will do-well to stay is
town and to be very watchful until the bill shall have
been reported and pawed through its final stages. The
olasse is a substantial gain to the cause of purity and free
representation, and its retention in the bill is wen worth
vigilance and resolution.