The Express.
London, England, 1861-03-25 00:00:00

education of the child a condition of the outdoor
relief of the parent, and to pay the necessary
school pence out of the rates. The pauper chil-
dren cannot be neglected. They must be cared

for. Any measures which are essential to make
them useful citizens are a distinct necessity which
cannot be ignored without a continuation of the
serious evils under which we are now suffering.
The other subject upon which the Commis-
sioners express a most decided opinion concerns
the charitable endowments. Those which might
be devoted to education do not fall far short of
half a million. Christ's Hospital alone has an
I annual income of more than 60,0001. At
present these splendid foundations seldom
produce as much benefit as they ought to produce,
and in some instances they produce positive evil.
The Commissioners have obviously been greatly
struck by the importance of this part of the sub-
' jest. They have devoted about • fifth of their
Report to its elucidation. They have actuall
proposed a scheme by which " the charities given
" for the purposes of education, and others which
"appear justly available for that object, may be
" employed in a more advantageous manner than
" is possible at present under the limited powers
" of the Charity Commissioners ;" and they con
dude their long Report with these emphatic words :
"We desire to record our conviction that no
" scheme for popular education can be complete
" which does not provide means for adapting •
" large portion of those charities to its service."
Such are some of the leading features of this
elaborate Report. It will require further discus
sion. In the meantime it may be interesting to
know that in the last fifty years education h

made great and rapid progress. In the year 1803
there was only 1 in 171 of the population at school ;
in 1833, 1 in 111 ; in 1851, there was 1 in 8.36 ;
and in 1858, lin 7.7. According to those whc
have most considered the subject, a country is in
a satisfactory condition where 1 in 6 of the popu•
lotion are at school, and, in fact, it appears that in
the matter of education England and Wales
superior both to Holland and France. In

I The funeral of her Royal Higi
lel Kent took place at St.
Windsor, this day, according to
menial previously announced.
The only strangers present were %.
of the press and some members
,princess's household. The servi,
ilseene were deeply impressive. Tinlwad; not more than half-an-hour.

The body was removed this mi.
more to St. George's Chapel, W:
was received by the Vice.Chamberk
jeaty's household, and there remain,
charge of the officers appoint
Lord Chamberlain until the
the funeral service. At half.
those who Lad the honour
Queen's commands to attend
ut who did not take part in tin
witted to St. George's Chapel
the royal family and other royal
led iu the Chapter-room of St. 1/4
from which they were conducted
the procession by the Lord Ch.
and Canons of Windsor, attended
ived the body at the ante-chapel, and then
joined the procession. The remainder of those
appointed to take part in the procession haviu
reviously assembly.' in Wolsey's Chapel, form
'n the following order in the nave of St. George'
hapel :—The members of the late duchess's house-
hold, and various members of the royal house-
hold ; together with the representatives of absent
royal personages. Baron de Luewenfels repres.-
the Duke of Saxe Coburg, and the King of -
was represented by one of his aide'
lien followed the choir and clergy of Windsor
coronet of her late royal highness,
Lord James Murray, equerry to her
' highness ; the Controller in the
*lain's department ; the Lord Chamberh.
the Vice Chamberlain. Next came the bed)
the following ladies acted as supporters of '
:—The Lady Fanny Howard ; Lady
ce ; Lady Susan Leslie Melville ;
herine Vernon Harcourt ; Lady G.
the Dowager Lady Coupe?. The body
, followed by the Garter King of Arms
then came the chief mourner (the
sort), supported by tie Prince of
the Prince of Leiningen, and attended by
, Groom of the Stole to his Royal Hi,
procession closed in the following order :
- the Duke of Cambridge, the Count
, the Duke de Nemours, the Duke de r
Duke d'Alencon, Duke Philip of NV
ince Edward of Saxe-Weimar, Prince
Schleswig-Holstein-Augustenburg, Prince
Hohenlohe-Langenburg.
Upon arrival within the choir, the coronet
were placed upon the coffin. The
sat at the head of the corpse,
Prince of Wales and the Prince of
sat on each side of his royal hip
ladies who supported the pall °cc vim' P.
- side of the coffin. The Lord Cl
at the foot of the coffin. The other royal
the procession were conducted to ate
The attendants on their royal
seated. Thereat of the procession
ly advanced towards the
remained there during the ceremony,
) order in which they entered the chs
The Dead March in Saul" was played wl
procession moved up the chapel. The
service and the anthem having been
, the corpse was lowered into the entrance
iyal vault, and the dean concluded the 1-
upon which Garter King of Arms
the style of her late royal bight
which the royal family and other royal
were conducted out of the chapel,
oosing the procession retired. A
honour of the Soots Fusilier Guards -
the ceremony at the entrance to St.

however, the proportion of the population
school is 1 in 6.27. It must not, '

ever, be assumed that because so.

of the children are in school their
cation is all that could be desired.

attendance is often short, and more
But the fact of so large a number of
being at school conclusively shows that the

ing classes desire that their children should
educated, and appreciate the assistance they
received in furnishing education to theit
If anything further were needed to show
would be found in the fact that in •

school for their children the working classes
almost entirely " to the efficiency with which
" things as tend to the advancement in life
" children are taught in it, and to

" and discipline." Whatever may be the
-• • - -

religious difficulties in the way of a

national education, these difficulties are
generally felt by the working classes of

country.

in Windsor wax closed.

metropolis, the shops, at the time
for the funeral, were very -
_ _ The great bell of St. Pa
its solemn note, and the usual public
mourning were visible. At Woolwich,
Is were fired per hour, commencif
Artillery gun-park battery at 4.16 p.
. by the guns of the flagship Fisgard,
off the dockyard, and the Royal Artill
j, until sixteen minutes past 6, when
standard hitherto floating hall-mast high
and over the government offices
=tent of her royal highness's
down. The battery guns were 7
3rd Brigade Royal Artillery, and the
seamen gunners of the ship. The g,
regulation,' for the guidance of officers of
the fleet, and the Royal Marines with •

to the general mourning have been

. the establishments at Wo.
itely carried out, not only by
but universally also in the cis
the State.

Auto-guns were also fired from the
'ortanwouth, and the various forts
arsenal, extending from Cumberh
wof Langston Harbour, to Fort V;
Needles, at the west end of the
lie time occupied in the firing •
6 p.llll.
irmouth, minute-guns were fired,
the citadel to the east, and oontinuil
of forts to Mount Wise, and Mount

on the weft, after which the firing
• by all the %hips of war in oommiasion

mimic halls and the ordinary
entertainments will be closed this eve
• announcement has been made •

the aiwientigned proprietors of pahlir
-• the decease of her Royal Highness

, of-Kent, and out of respect to
notice, that this evening (the day
Nal of her royal highness) oo entertal
__ in our respective halls which will
we recommend the proprietors of meek ba
of entertainment in the province., to goy ,
Stanley. eanterburphall, Westminster-ro
„Ad Lacey, Philharmonic•hall, Talington.
o and Soenhammer, Royal Pavilion. nehbottraeotreet.i
Tindal and Villiers, South London Mask-hall, Loudon-)

John Wilton, Wilton's Music-hall, Welklose-square.
Fri Win Williams. Knightsbridge Music-hall, Kniettabridge.
Richard Preece. Winchester Manic-hall, Southwark.
Robert Gear. Borough Musk-hall, Union-street. Borough.
William Rotting. Marvlebone Music-hall, Marylebone.
Henry R. Lamb. Pantheon Music-hall, Orford-street.
R. G. Grimes. Oriental Music-ball, Poplar.
Edwin Wieder, Middlesex Music-hall, Drury•lane.
Frederick Frampton, Fusion Maxie-hall, Easton.road.
Henry Hart, Raglan Music-hall, Theoba

INTELLIQE:

Yeaterritiy the parish church of Windsor was crowded by
a congregation all in deep mourning, when a funeral sermon
was preached by the vicar, the Rev. H. J. Ellison, who took
his text from the 13th chapter of Acts. and the 3Ath
verse : " For David after imbed served his own generation
by the will of Clod fell asleep, and was laid unto his fathers,
and law corruption? The pew of the royal Michela, also
the pulpit, the mayor's seat, sad the aqua loft wereeovered 1
with black cloth. and previous to the congregaticm leaving
the church I Sr. Elroy, of St. George's chapel, played thei
•' Dead March is llaaL"

THE EXPRESS, MONDAY EVENING, MARCH 25, 1861.

EMANCIPATION OF THE RUSSIAN
SERFS.
IMPERIAL MANIFESTO,
now before us the text of the manifesto
announcing to his subjects the eman-
. the serfs. His Majesty tells them
ascending the throne he resolved in all
acquire the affection of his subjects
rank and condition—" from the warrior
carries arms for the defence of his
the humble artisan engaged in works
from the functionary who pur-
career of the highest employments of
to the labourer whose plough furrows
' His Majesty proceeds to glance at
ttriarchal relations which have hitherto
`-feen the peasants and their proprietors,
that as simplicity of manners has dia-
ls condition of the serfs has been
ly affected. He was convinced, therefore,
amelioration of their lot was a mission to
was called by Divine Providence. The
have been taken in consulting the no-
torming the committees, and in consider-
trions propositions, are successively de-
' the mode of emancipation ulti-

agreed to (the substance of which has
been given in our columns) is described at
length. The co-operation of the nobility is
warmly spoken of in the manifesto. " Russia,"
says his Majesty, " will never forget that the
noblesse, moved solely by their respect for the
dignity of man and by the love of their neighbour,
have spontaneously renounced the rights which the
,erfdom now abolished had given them, and have
aid the foundations of a new future for the
As." They are then called upon to carry out
fully and conscientiously the regulations which
been deemed fittest for the great end in view.

..iesto concludes :
When the first news of this great reform meditated by
overnment became diffused amongst the rural popnla-
who were scarcely prepared for it, it gave rise in
es to misunderstandings amongst individuals
upon liberty than mindful of the duties which
But generally the good sense of the country
not been wanting. It has misunderstood neither the
natural reason, which says that every man
ie freely the benefits of society owes it in return
fulfilment of certain positive obligations ; nor the
of the Christian law, which enjoins that
, one be subject unto the higher powers"
Paul to the Romans, xiii. 1) ; and to " render to
" and above all, to whomsoever it belongs,
..., fear, and honour. (Ibid, 7 v.) It has under-
the proprietors would not be deprived of rights
except for a fit sad sufficient indemnity,

lantary concession on their part ; that it would
opposed to all equity to accept this enjoyment of the
by the proprietor, without accepting also
equivalent charges.
Aral now we hope with confidence that the freed serfs, in the
Nice of the new future which is opened before them,
appreciate and recognieo the considerable sacrifices
the nobility have made on their behalf. They will
the blessing of an existence supported upon
Arad property, as well as a greater liberty
ation of their goods, entails upon them,
.4 towards society and themselves, the oblige.
lying the protecting designs of the law by a
judicious use of the rights which are now accorded
For if men do not labour themselves to ensure
wellbeing under the shield of the laws, the beat
laws cannot guarantee it to them.
only by assiduous labour, a rational employment of
and their resources, a severe economy, arid,
an honest life, a life constantly inspired by the
tee Lord, that they can arrive at prosperity and
pment.
a entrusted with the duty of preparing by
cures the execution of the new organisation,
at its inauguration, will have to see that this
Wished with calmness and regularity, taking
the requirements of the seasons, in order that
,tor may not be drawn away from his agricultural
Let him apply himself with seal to those labours,
be able to draw from an ►bundant granary
rich he has to confide to that land which will be
for permanent enjoyment, or which be has
for himself as his entire property.
w, pious and faithful people, make upon thy fore-
scrod sign of the cross, and join thy prayers to
' down the blessing of the Moat High upon thy
- the sure pledge of thy personal well-being

public prosperity.
Given at St. Petersburg, the 19th day of February (March
of the year of grace 1861, and the seventh of our reign.
ALEXANDZIL
The above manifesto was read in all the churches
St. Petersburg and Moscow on Sunday, the
instant, and was followed by solemn
for the preservation of the health
prolongation of the life of the Kin-
The manifesto and the accompanying
MDR are being sent as rapidly as possible to
the chiefs of departments, proprietors of land,
communes of peasants throughout the empire.
'- of copies are, of course, required, and
it is said, must elapse before the re-
number cau be distributed.

TURIN, SUNDAY.

In the Senate M. Storm has formally requested
the government to take steps to induce France to
withdraw her troops from Rome.

Count Cavour has announced to the Chamber of
Deputies that the ministerial programme has under-
gone no change.

VENICE, MAics 23.

In consequence of the popular demonstration
which took place here on the 18th inst. in honour
of Garibaldi five persons, natives of Udine, two
from Pardinone, two from Verona, and one from
Treviso, have been arrested and conveyed lo
Ohnittz. Two other persons have been conveyed
to Iglau and Hrubschitz.

-'
id
and wales are. re coronet of
ranee. In Prussia, by Lord Jame°
the population at 'Yal highness
must not, how Chamberlain's
,cause so many and the Vice Chs
chool their edu-
and the following
) desired. The' 'll :—The I*dy
ore often irregular. Bruce ; Lady
tuber of childre Katherine Vera
ws that the work lid the Dowager
hildren should be 'mrnediately folio
isiatance they hay and then came t
to their offspring. onsort), supper
d to show this i d the Prince of
at in selecting zpencer, Groom o
irking classes 100 he procession cic
y with which such Arthur, the Duk
vent in life of thei Paris, the Duke (1
its general cysts the Duke d'Alene
iy be the supposed Prince Edward of
rof a system o' f Schleswig-Hole
liculties are no . if Hohenlohe-Lan
g classes of th' Upon arrival w
ushion were pla
ourner sat at
t• the Prince of
,n eat on eac
fiTLE. MARCH 13' he ladieewho sal
retell at Winds°
rf the late Duchesseither side of the
stave of the Duke of . tood at the foot (
.
in the afternoon, to naafis in the pr
is of Kent on Monday he chapel. The
SONDAT. messes were also a
Corning in the private having previously
Very Rev. the . . the choir, remain,
dean performed a arr• the same order in
r Ma esty, the PH...
a Crown Princess o " The Dead Ma
ma, Prime" lenli'e• the procession an
the lkochess of Cam•
oe Leiningen, and the i art of the servioe
ormed, the corpse
his day, Monday, th. be royal vault, a
' Her koyal Highs) •rvice, upon wl
rtusents at Hampton lairued the styli
fter which the
on Saturday at th.
Wewere co n rk
rd of the Treasury, 'n
tent present we . 'there composing
l Chancellor, Ear if honour of the
Aort.l John Russell, uring the cereinc
erbert, Sir Charge ha/mi.
Exchequer, th . Every shop in 1
Hon. T. Mils .
In the metropc
eorge Grey, Lord
On. C. P. Villiers, trounced for the
nl well. r ially closed.
Vithd Fliehleh'enn • orth its solemn n
on Saturday with theoffice of the Board o f mourning wen
dr. William Ridings, minute-guns were
Mr. John Jaren), he Royal Artillei
,rd Hindley, condo
D. Coultas, Midla ollowed by the (f
r. Thomas Southam, tioned off the doe
'en on Saturday f.. Iternately, until
rday at the Colon'
iyal standard h
, and us,ouids. b. he garrison and
governors of the set he announceinen
co and of the No • AA hauled down.
the 3rd Brigade I
y, the Prince Con us by the seame
1411111 to Buckingha ment regulations
if the last Duchess d . y, the fleet, at
in a day or two Doe to the gene
me for Osborne, whe
hronghout the
time in strict reti
minutely car
rt Journal.
Victot of Hohen- niform, but uni
.• ents of the Stab
'a Palace on Saturday, Minute-guns we
funeral of her Hoye tt Portsmouth, al
'•serene highness Id be arsenal, esti
be mouth of Lao
Prince Holstein ear the Needle
wthin's Hotel, from 'ight. The tim
"con until 6 p.m.
►tholl have arriv At Plymouth,
'ng at the citadel
therland and Lail) he line of forts t
relay for Cliefden, nes umhe, on the w
ken up by all t
retirement.
he pat.
town on Saturday,
All the music
Craven at • •
eek entertain's]
he following ani
ice Grosvenor Id, We, the andensig
.vs with the Duchess leeplv lamenting t/
en Park, nest Maiden late Duchess of Kt
erehy give notice,
or the funeral of he
left Curzon Ho • • e place in our
ttherstone. .. we recommend
• issued cards for '' n',.ctOf entertain
Wednesday, the lit. ?4orton and Steal
Sanders and Lam
ell and family left lAn't and B"'"nh".'

IERAL OF THE LATE DUC LAT
OF KENT.—(THIS DAY.) HE EMA,
funeral of her Royal Highness the Duch Il
ent took place at St. George's Chapel, We have n
this day, according to the order of core- the Czar,
1 previously announced. ipation of
only strangers present were the representatives hat on race
3 press and some members of the deceased incerity to
as's household. Tho service and the whole f every nu
were deeply impressive. Tho time occupied who nobly
more than half-an-hour. untry, to
body was removed this morning from Frog- f industry
to St. George's Chapel, Windsor, whore i sues the car
mired by the Vice•Chatnberlain of her Ma- the state, to
household, and there remained under the the fields."
of the officers appointed by the be patriarc
Chamberlain until the hour fixed fo xisted betwe
uneral service. At half-past 10 o'clock, nd to show
who Lad the honour to receive th apperred tin
'a commands to attend the ceremony, nfavourably
ho did not take part in the procession, we hate great az
ed to St. George's Chapel. At 11 o'cloc which he was
mal family and other royal personages seem- taps which h
the Chapter-room of St. George's Chapel, Ality, in fon
which they were conducted to their p ing the varic
procession by the Lord Chamberlain. TL tailed and
nd Canons of Windsor, attended by the choir, ately agree%

eenfels represented I the foundation
le King of Hanove peasants." They are
his aides-de-camp. faithfully and couscie
lergy of Windsor ; I ave been deemed tit
l highness, born. he manifesto conclui
erry to her late When the first news of
er in the Lo he government became
Lord Chamberlain, ions, who were scarcely
someinstances to minim
at cams the body, more intent upon liberty
supporters of th • it imposes. But general]
I ; Lady Augus • .as not been wanting.
Melville ; Lad inspirations of natural re
Lady Gardiner, who accept+ freely the be
The body w e fulfilment of certal
ter King of Arms teaching every of the
ne bc b ebr
ji
rner (the Prin (St. Pryanl oto the Roma,
Prince of Wel. all their dues," and abo
attended by Earl 'bate, custom, fear, and
is Royal Highness. stood that the proprietor
sing order : Prin egal ly acquired, except t
p, the Count el: or
b.
y
a voluntary
meniceeil;
opposed to
Duke de Chartres, . • ansiteded by the I
pof Wurtemburg, towards them equivalent
Prince Frederic And now we hope with c
urg, Prince Victo Presence of the new futa
will appreciate and mei
the
coronet an which the nobility have
nderstand that the bless
Nall. The chic the boss of guaranteed pr
the corpse, an 'n the administration of
Prince of Leinin with new duties towards I
I royal highness. ion of justifying the prot
00c unied stoobi 0 I oysl sod judicious nee of
..‘ord 'Chamber them. For if men do
their own well-being end,
Le other royal per of those laws cannot gnat
oducted to stalls • It is only by assiduous
their royal high their strength and their n
of the procession, boy* sill, by an honest lit
ands the centre o i fear of the Lord, that t
the ceremony, i Imre.
suits deveulaanpmenent.
utered the chapel. j, measures the
was played Ishii. •of presiding at ita luau'
chapel. The firs • ork is accomplished with
n having been per 'ate account the requirem
Ito the entrance . the cultivator may not be
'eluded the b bou
that ts. Letbeltnly di
ing of Arms pro he seed whichma
he has to
royal highness. Mven him for permanent
id other royal per • uired for himself as I
be chapel, and th And now, pious sod tail
retired. A : • sad the sacred sign of th
Guards moon first free
ft o call
labours, down thethe hies
ace to St. George', aura
oil of the public presperi
Given at St. Petersburg
med. 3), of the year of grace 11
at the time an
a very general] The above manifest
)f St. Paul's toll f St. Petersburg an
mat public signal. th instant, and
Woolwich, thirt h yen for the I
commencing f , nil prolongation 0
Ltery at 4.16 p.m., L. • or. The manifm
ship regard, eta gulations are being
e Royal Artill.. lithe chiefs of daps
s past 6, when the • rid communes of pea
half-mast high in Myriads of copies al
anent offices since me weeks, it is said,
highness's death quite number can be
as were manned 13
and the Fiagard'
ship. The govern We (Times) have re
eof officers of th - from our Malta e°rre"
Urines with refe
have been posted "M. Hensken, the
at Woolwich, an. mister at Jeddo, Ja
only by officers in " The Foreign Mit
i the civil depart- tired to Kanagnawa
m the ships of " The Prussian tree
forts surronndin:
mberland Fort, a •
to Fort Victoria, On Friday morning
end of the Isle
.aputation of the Cl
he firing fro ••
address in reply t
re fired, commen- is Majesty said to th
and continuing on lie sentiments which
and Mount Edge- learned to appreciatet
As the firing was rough which we he
in commission in I have no need to roc
ordinary passion. t this moment prude
osed this evening. t or the rest, wbatet
been made public . ,ow they may rely
If public music•halb, It is stated in el
Royal Highness the
sped to her memory, official notification of
(the day appointed being made, the Itali
no entertainment will
which will 00.. d,
will receive the ti
of music balls sod James Hudson, the
rioeee to pay Simi • urin, will be raised