The Express.
London, England, 1850-07-22 00:00:00

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OUTGOING MAILS
TM nab vie 111seseilles, te the Ilediterroneee, If7s,
Ceylea. led* Hatirlose, te, will be mode ep ea the
seem. of July 24.
The per MSAM North Moefies sae the Vallee
States wit le mule up es the tromise of sly 26.
The mile Ise Liehee. Mole. see eitwelior will be awls
up es the "mein of July 27.
TM West led, Mai* B•r•sda. Newleueb.
Neseia, Monda New Otiose., see Missies, sad ezeisehip
*.s ke Madeira. et. asea.tie-Nieumus. Now Grem6e.
ChM and Poew he mote epee the swain of August 2.
n• moils for hieiethyl'. the NraMe, Red Beene' Ayres, ell/
M tete MO es the @Toeing of August 4.
The mule kr Gibraltar. Melia, Orem', the Imam lelea
Napa, Goyim. ledis, set Chime. vie fieetlumptee. will
be wade up es the meowing of August 20.

wwlw wsairaAT LOlO.Olll
lbw lbw —blwinr.. .. Ithiwara. lb be.
Astressa. 1 law

LONDON, MONDAY, JULY 22.

Derail has moistly bees busy 'swept the estee-
ms of the new, as well as of the aid, world. It is
bet a short time sins we were salted opoo, at a cost
important juseure is the history of his country, to
record the death of Joao C. Cautona, the leader of a
large section of the oestedeney, sad the ellampioa of
one of the two great antagoaistis priesiples which
Wiesen so largely the policy of the sails. It has
more remedy looked even higher for a victim, and
street slows the head of the state. Ormeral TAYLOR
is dead ere half his term of comes has expired t mad
the steamer which ber• out to America the mews of
the death of Sir Roam Pam., lea been passed is ite
way by that which conveys to as the intelligens of
that of the President of the United States.
It nest be confessed that the whip is America
ham, m a party,. been very unlucky. As compared
with their more vigorous mad better organised oppo.
nests, they have had bat a meagre share of power.
Sixty-flee yeses bam Dew elapsed sines the oder
tea of the mastitution. Deflecting the eight years
of Wennsovon's admielatratico, dung which the

wont parties were rather forming thas-fonned, we
bare 67 years, est of which the whip bare had pos-
session of Um government for seemly Ma. The fede-
ralists were in power during the roadway of the
elder ADAMS; the whip darieg that of eta sea
This gave them eight years of office, whoa the
elastics of Gm. HAMMON in 1840. moo more °
tip to them Me gratifyieg prospect of power. ran!
one short month, their hopes were blasted. The Presi-
dent hll a victim to the cares of government, sad was
snomoded bye sea who, though elected as a whiff,
ormducted the government os the principles of •
democrat. The whigs an seemly claim Mr. TvLia's
administration as their own, seeing that be check-
mated them is sosnexion with the very UMW*
which was the pivot of their whole policy. And
sow, when sates more is eller, death has awn proms-
turely deprived them of their bead, and thrown them
again at the mercy of the views and caprices of a
tangle man. Thus, on the two first ocossiose
of their attaining power, the voice of the mph, me-
moved them from it en the first opportunity that
occurred, whilst, on the two lost, the death of their
chief has either expelled them from office, or thrown
them into • state of disorganisation not very favour-
able to their long retaining it. Experience would
seem to indicate that providence hue designed the
American whip, like oar own whip at home, more
for opposition than for power.
The clue to their bad fortune may be found more
in their own conduct than in their luck, or rather
want of luck ; and in General TeTLOIL'a brief
administration we lam a complete illustration
of their besetting political sic. The democratic
party is remarkable for its adhesion to its leaders, and
for the fidelity of its leaders troths': friends. The',
whig party is distinguished for the very reveres of
this, the party not sticking to its leaders, and the
leaden, when in power, being unmindful of their
friends. Indeed, them two great characteristic faults
of thorny may be taken as standing towards each
other in the relation of cause and effect. General
TAYLOR formed his cabinet on the very opposite
principle to that on which General ems, bad he
been elected, would have constructed his. The
latter would have rewarded his more nealons
and prominent friends ; the former paused his
by, and surrounded himself partly with luke-
warm supporters, and partly with his personal
enemies and detractors. This has ever been the way
with the whigs. They overlook, whoa in power,
the chiefs of the party, and confer hi:lemurs and re-
wards upon those who are termed the "outsiders"—
apparently on the principle that, whilst the chiefs are
too deeply committed to withhold their support, the
others should be secured by giving them the prefe-
rence. Thus, General TAILOR owed his election to
the exertions made for him in Pennsylvania, and
chiefly by a few of the whig leaders in
Philadelphia. Yet, in forming his ablest,
Pennsylvania was neither regarded nor con-
sulted, his ardent friends were passed by, and the
cabinet filled up by men of little note, some of whom
had busily maligned himself; and all at the dictation
of a small cabal of the party who bad been opposed
even to his nomination. If his administration was
destitate both of vigour and brilliancy, this was the
secret of it. Bat we have now less to do with the
dead President than with the living one, whose ante-
cedents, principles, and probable policy, we shall en-
deavour to elucidate.

MILLARD FILMORR, the thirteenth President of
the United States, succeeds to his high position by vir-
tue of the constitution. He is, by profeesioo, a lawyer,
resident in the city of Buffalo, at the foot of Lake
Brie. He is yet a young man, of good stature, but
somewhat portly lipue—of gentlemanly bearing, and
affable in his demeanour, with a dark, keen, and in-
telligent eye, a pleasing expremiat and one of the
sweetest smiles that ever lighted up the human coun-
tenance. In person be therefore presents a marked
contrast to his two predecessors. His mental qualifi-
cations yet remain to be fully exhibited; but so far,
he has been supposed to possess talent of a high
order. Mr. POLY was less a man of talent than of
Wine.; whilst General TAYLOR, although a well-
meaning man, was se little qualified for the cabinet
as be wee eminently adapted for the camp.
Mr. FILMORE owed his nomination for the Vida
Presidency to a party exigency. lie had formerly
been in Congress, and had held high aloe in New
York, his " owe state," and had, in both capacities,
done comidersble service to his party. General TAY-
LOR was nominated by the Whig Convention in
against the wishes of the delegates of the
party from New York, who were &axiom to secure
the nomination of Mr. CLAY. General TAYLOR'S
friends having carried their point, with regard to the
presidency, found it necessary to conciliate the parti-
sans of Mr. CLAY by conceding b them the nomina-
tion of the candidate for the Vice Presidency. The bal-
lot fell upon Mr. Fu.moas as a " Clay man," and he
was afterwards elected Vice-President of the Union.
The position of the new President, with respect to
Mr. CLAY, will have an important bearing upon the
great question which is still agitating the Union to its
centre. If Mr. CLAY'S friends do not actually ac-
cede to oaks, his views are certain to inhume very
Imply the councils of the government The absorb-
ing question at present is what will be the fate of Mr.
Cfse's compromise bill on the subject of slavery?
For months the discussion has been dragged on, and
by the last !Avant., with as little prospect of coming
to a conclusion this session es ever. This was partly
owing to the inherent difficulties of the subject, and
partly to the more than suspected opposition of the
cabinet to the measure. None of the members of the
gibbet having a seat in either House of Congress, they
could not actively oppose it; but the sesemion that
they were ming their inflames indirectly ftainat it
was strengthened, if not absolutely cienfirmW, by the
Mt, that the President's warmest !Heeds in Congress
were all opposed to it- Should the cabinet be rune-
Arrested, as it probably will be, by mew friendly to
Mr. CLAY'S views, the bill, relieved front the covert
apposition of the government, will be likely soon to
pass, and thus a subject be got rid of, which will pre-
twat any other important matter from being brought
fo.vward until it is finally adjusted.
;int that which is most interesting for as to inquire
into is the effect on the commercial policy of
the c.'eseitry likely to be produced by the accession of
the ne w president to aloe. We have to confess that,
in this ,aspect, our reliance must be sore upon car-
metastatic es than upon the known predilections of the
now poiss*.leet. Mr. Duman was in congrers in
1812, when tie high protection tariff bill of that year
was peened. He was chairman of the committee of
ways and means, whence the bill emanated, and was
thus its chief promoter. Indeed the measure was, at

the time, familiarly bows as " Fnmoss's bilk° It I.
nobable, therefore, that the sew cubist—ln (lealleal
Tea Los's advisers immediately tendered twit reolima-
tioa oa the death of their tape
wlave _mere
I decided proteetnnist leanings
Bat wutaver done, we hine
stability of the Revenue Bill of ISClFesiadillieli.
change, may be attempted and sleeted. 'A few of
the &dee, which are sow ad miaow, easy be mode
specific, and some may be slightly istroseld, bat the
increase wiU have a slew to revenue mad sot to pro-
tection. Them are meltitsdes of 'monotheists is
Aunties, but after the fear years' expedition which
the onstry has had of fres trade, se patty will
be in a harry to propose any modifleatioa of
the tariff, with a partly protestiesist oblate. What-
ever changes, therefore, may be Wean, the itmeetial
policy of the °natty will madam to test upon a
rename basis.
It Is impendble sew to spools% as to the mope-
'Won el the sew cabinet. Ur. Fiutoas will, of
wane, sensaad himself with his owa friends, who
an at precast mattered is all directions, moue of them
being is this tiessuy.. The next marl will threw
/011110 light span the views sad policy of the sew
pversameat.

Esciusaiith are not gives to spoil their statesmen
with adulation; and it is remarkable, hew a public
man may grow amongst as in reputation and W-
inced respect without removing many tokens to
mark the esteem in whisk he is held. Blow to feel
attachments se reverence, the Englishman is still more
slow to express them. And whoa these do De-
mme Issaliest. they are often called forth by as
accident, or aroused by some mistimes* befall-
log, or some foal play assailing, their object.
Caminito was never a popular idol, until the saves
wise men of the tory party refused to sit is a cabinet
with him. The wreathe of laurel that have been
daog with such proteges es the grave of Put.,
never encumbered the living stetsons& And bat
for the late malignant eosegaracy of so many gmat
sad small sus against Lewd Pautannron, we illeabt
that oar Foreign firtereary would ever have eifoled
the inestimable adeaatages of learning sad of seeing
the wide-spread sad enthusiastic sentiment of adhe-
sion, whit* his efforts is favour of the great liberal
cause have bedispataldy (treated.
Oise of the great make, indeed. of Lord PALltilt-
aeon's peblie hie has bee% that in .11 hie enter-
prises he the lasithenesse sod extension of English
interests end 11theal iainsaw thread, he has been
actuated and seppethed aware by his own determina-
tion and esaviedia than by any impew from the
popular will. Whoa CANNING and when hm, in
their several walks, broke from the old ultra tory
trammels, and indulged is liberal tendeseiss, they
had a liberal audience and escort forthwith
to welcome sad support them. Lord Pale
neuron never appeaW to such, nor, indeed,
until these present days did he ever find
them. The liberals no doubt supported his inemares
for securing constitutional government in Spain. Bat
gradually they cooled; and the whole mind and
anxieties of the nation beteg turned to domestic re-
form, there come tl prevail an indiffereace and almost
a disgust with regard to the fate and affairs of
Europe, which would have been better pleased with
• foreign minister for even neglecting his duties, than
for expending either the public interest or the public
money upon them.
We need not tarry to prove that although a nation
may close its eyes upon its foreign policy, the minister
especially appointed to watch over such things cannot.
Had we to consult even but the mere interests of
trade, these interests requite that nations like
Turkey, for example, should preserve their inde-
pendence. It cannot be indifferent to English
manufactures and commerce whether Italy be swal-
lowed up in an Austrian and prohibitive Zull-
verein, or whether Tuscany and Rome, under con-
stitutional and independent government, open their
ports to free trade. If a minister were to
allow the gates of the Baltic to be clamed
against English vessels for want of a little interfer-
rem and activity, oar shipping and trading people
would be slow to erect a temple to non-interfer-
ence. And it English travellers, English settlers
English traders, were to find themselves under thi
ban which it pleased the House of Lords to promul-
gate, that is, to be left at the mercy of every foreign
government to mulct them and to flog them, as
they do their own serfs, without any apical, except to
the same polies which robbed and beat them—lose
BULL'S patience, we will be bound to say, would
find a term, and however pacific and economic
his determinations, he would flog them to the
wind on the tidings of some nefarious outrage offered
to some Englishmen abroad; and then nothing less
than the expensive vengeance of war would satisfy
him.

We cannot therefore believe in the Saturnian reign
which Mr. COBDEN preaches. We mistrust altogether
the power of even that eminent man to annihilate
geography, wipe out the map of the world with a
sponge, or declare that England, interlaced as
she is by treaties and connexions with the different
countries of Europe, can attempt or affect
to ignore their existence. There exists at present
throughout Europe and its courts an established
belief, that there are certain great and flagrant eases
of aggression and schemes of conquest which Befr-
iend is determined and ready to prevent. The mere
knowledge of England's determination completely
precludes all attempt to execute such schemes. What
we desire is to confirm and not to weaken this be-
lief, for with its removal would vanish one of the
treat safeguards of the peace and independence of
Europe.
It so happens that at the present moment, this de-
termination of England to fulfil its duty as an Enro-
peen state, is identified with Lord PALMERSTON.
And for this reason those powers and statesmen who
durst not farm the open antagonism of England, have
combined to remove the obstacle by undermining Lord
PALMERSTON. Mr. COBDEN declares, from his own
personal experience of foreign courts and ministers
and popular leaders, that Lord Pauszasrox's inter-
ference is displeasing to them, and has irritated them.
We have no doubt of it. We have no doubt
that Count NESSELRODE was exceedingly discon-
tented with oar attitude and language, protecting
the Suvraie and his independence Prince SCRWAR-
ZENBERO highly displeased at Lord Paufaarrotee
language about Hungary, and Priam Marren-
/mg annoyed by his advice to the sovereigns
of Italy to make concessions to their subjects.
As to popular leaders, the other extreme to
which Mr. COBDEN alludes, they too are party
men, as difficult to be satisfied in one way, u cour-
tiers and ministers in another. Bat if, instead
of a tour around Europe and its courts, if
instead of conversations with sovereigns and ministers
of state and popular leader., Mr. COBDEN had
lived long in European society, studied it, felt
its pulse, and appreciated its interests, not in
the sojourn of a limited time, but with the full
experience of every-day life, he would have known
what deep feelings of respect and expectation are
and have been entertained of England, as the first
and foremost of emancipated and civilised countries,
and how much its example and approbation and
diplomatic rapport to the liberal caws and liberal
institutions in all countries are considered and known
to be of the most vital influence and importance.
And it is for this very reams that the whig g?-
veroment hes incurred the hostility of all despotic
and reactionary governments. It is not so much the
opposition of our fleets and armies that either Rus-
sian, or Austrian, or French ministers dread. They
have no idea of provoking military intervention.
But bent as all those' governments are on bowing
the necks of their people down under a despotic sad
an'empersd yoke, they dread and shrink from the
liberal attitude of Ragland; they abhor the aspect and
example et a country which enjoys not only a respon-
sible government and a free press, but of which the
very statesmen and ministers proles' the principles of
liberty, sad speak the language of humanity. They
feel that they camel successfully or permanently fetter
public opinion in their own dominions as long seen En-
glish cabinet lives to reprove them. To bring about
Moult -same motto. in England therefore, which they
are accomplishing at home, was the object of the late
foreign jou igue. That conspiracy there wu, is a fact
but too patent. The collusion between the French
minister and our opposition, the one waiting to suit
the other's convenience, and both parties playing into
each others hands—surely these facts need neither
repetition nor proof. The lies concocted at Athena
to warrant the recall of the French envoy, the com-
plicity of a leading journal, and its agents, in their
plotting', the Austrian and Russian notes of defiance,
all converging and combined to hit the foreign minister I
between the wind and wattr of the votes of the two