The Northern Daily Times.
Liverpool, Merseyside, England, 1856-12-10 00:00:00

TO CORRESPONDENTS.

might indeed cry onward. Railroad, roads, and
bridges, were the order of the day, and uppermost
in the public mind, not only at election meetings,
but almost everywhere else. The construction of the
great lines of railway between the capital and the gold
fields, was to be prosecuted by the Government,
and a Railway Board had been recently appointed,
and was supposed to be busily employed in the
preliminary details of vast and important under-
takings. Already tenders had been accepted for
the construction of 3 miles 77 chains and 38 links
of the line between Melbourne and Williamstown,
and 2 l contractors had tendered ; Messrs Thomas
Miles and Co., being accepted for 20,8201. 7s. 41.
Although the winter had not yet passed over, and
the pools of mud which still formed many portions
of the so-called roads to the diggings had not yet
been dried up, the spirit of trade, and the indomi-
table perseverance which characterises workers in
the hive, had kept pace with the wants of the
mining population, and secured, if not briskness,
at least vitality to the markets. The steady and
increasing supply of gold, with the almost daily
discovery of new deposits of the precious metal,
were in themselves sufficiently cheering elements
of commercial prosperity ; but when to these were
added the wide spreading labours of farmers and
agriculturists—the fast changing features of the
country around—the wild bush disappearing for
the cultivated plain—it was not difficul,-. to foresee
a course of prosperity and plenty, which must
ensure the improved condition and sound advance-
ment of the colony. The returns of all kinds show
a state af real prosperity and healthy trade, which
under common prudence must lead to results as
great, and much more lasting, than those of the
past. Not that there was anything like excite-
ment in trade, or even great buoyancy in commer-
cial transactions. House property and land in

Melbourne was rising•
The time of the Crown Court was yesterday
taken up principally with the trial of garrotte rob-
bery cases. Baron Alderson, in every case which
was proved, and a verdict of guilty returned, was
very unrelenting in his sentences, and we hope that
his severity will prove a caution and a warning to
the miscreants who are in the habit of infesting the
lonely places of Liverpool, and pouncing upon
those whom they think are unable to defend them-

selves.
In our columns of today will be found a long
correspondence in relation to the dispute between
Sir Charles Napier and Sir Robert Peel, on the
non-taking of Cronstadt. The gallant admiral
is evidently of the opinion, that by receiving a
missive from the Grand Duke Constantine, en-

dorsing his views, that he has succeeded in
defending his character against his assailants. It
would appear that Lord Palmerston refused Sir C.
Napier an official investigation, which he had
asked for in consequence of Sir R. Peel's state-
ments, but his lordship at the same time com-
municated to Sir Charles his opinion that his con
duct in the Baltic was judicious and proper, and
founded on a correct sense of public duty ; that
the fleet under his command was not sufficient for
the double purpose of first attacking Cronsfaclt,
and afterwards successfully encountering the
Russian fleet, and that he acted with sound judg-

ment in refraining from attacking the fortress
These, the Premier says, have always been his
opinions on that point, although ho entirely
disapproves of Sir Charles Napier's proceedings
since, on shore. The Admiral, however, thinks
that Lord Palmerston's opinion is insufficient to
clear his reputation, and he reiterates his request
for an investigation, at the same time forwarding a
letter from the Grand Dike Constantine to himself,
in which the Russian prince willingly declares that
Sir Charles, in his " Notes," quite exactly reported
the conversation he had with him concerning
Cronstadt, and that in the only conversation he
had with Sir Robert Peel even the name of Cron-
stadt was never once mentioned. It will be remem-
bered that, according to Sir Charles Napier, the
Grand Duke was of opinion that he could not have
successfully attacked Cronstadt ; while Sir Robert
Peel, at Stafford, said there was only one opinion
in the Russian navy, from the Grand Duke down
to the smallest middy. and that was, that if Sir
Charles had had pluck, and had done his duty,
Cronstadt would have been crumbled to the dust.
Such is the purport of the latest instalment of the
Napier-Cronstadt controversy.
The new Bishop of London has commenced his
pastoral duties in a promising way. On ..Monday
he presided at a meeting at Islington for church
extension. The Bishop's speech, while recognising
the vast amount of practical unchristianity in the
country, was still of a hopeful character. He does
not wish cathedrals and churches to be planted
like fortresses throughout the land, holding only
their own garrisons, and keeping the people aloof,
but he almost insinuates a doubt that to a great ex-
tent such is the case. However, all the churches
in the Islington district are made fully available ;
still there are in that quarter of the metropolis
between :10,000 and 40,000 people who might attend
church, but either cannot, or will nor. A collection
of between 5,0001. and 6,0001. was made at the
meeting, the Bishop giving 6001.—50 that if more
churches will Christianise the metropolitan hea-
thens, the work seems likely to be done.
Prizes were on Monday presented to successful
students at Haileybury College. Colonel Sykes,
in his address on the occasion, spoke of the Civil
Servants of India as an unjustly abused body ;
although he admitted the employment of torture
on the miserable natives for the purpose of squeez-
ing out of them the revenues which the masters of
the Civil Service squander in wars to extend their
sovereignty over unoffending Indian Princes and
peoples.
The Duke of Newcastle has delivered a short
address at Newark on the defaets of public
education. The chief of these, in the opinion of
his Grace, springs from the present great indus-
trial prosperity ; for young children, instead of
being kept at school, are sent to work to get wages.
The Duke would like to see that practice changed,
but would regret legislative interference for the
purpose,—as would also every person of common
MISC.
The foreign news this morning is of but slight
importance. The Le Nord holds out the hope that
in case the Conference shall declare the continued
occupation of the Turkish territories and waters by
Austria and England illegal, and shall recognise
the right of Russia to construe the Treaty of
March in the way she has done. Russia, on her
side, may be willing to sacrifice this right for the
maintenance of European peace, and to give up
Bolgrad.
In the meantime, reports differ much as to the
probable grouping of the Powers on this question
in the Conference. Most of them agree in describ-
ing Sardinia as having been induced to promise
her vote to England, but the most important
point, the decision of France is doubtful.
The Protestant district-synods of Hungary are
unanimous in repudiating the organic statute pro
posed by the Government, as being contrary to the
liberties granted and confirmed by numerous
imperial ordinances to the Protestant church in
Hungary, and in demanding the convocation of a
general synod for regulating the organisation of
of their church.
The main purport of the latest news from Con-
stantinople is, that the Divan has authorised the
English fleet to winter at Sinope. As intimated
in our publication of yesterday, that Russia has
applied to the Shah of Persia for permission to
enter with troops into the province of Mogan,
bordering on the Russian dominions that
Belcochees have attacked Persia on the ii. le
of Kerman. and that the army of oc
cupation will continue to stay in Greece.
All this, if true, is menacing news, and it
demands the greatest attention and watchfulness
on the part of the British public. An advance of
Russian troops in the direction indicated can
have the twofold meaning of an approach towards
the Koordish districts of Turkey, now in a chronic
state of insurrection, or of a preparation to assist
Persia in her present difficulties. But the imme-
diate object may be the impression that such a
proceeding will make on the minds of the Orien-
tals. The attack of the Belooches on Kerman,
i a Place not much more than two hundred miles
distant from Shiraz, in an eastern direction, would
come so much to the aid of the invasion of

Y. Z. ON COTTON PACKING.—We have re. eivad a letter on this
subket, in reply to the advertisement woich appeared in our
paper on Tuesday, and shall be glad to receive an order to insert
it on the same terms.

Lie Rottheru fittito

TVEDAESDAY, DECEMBER 10, 1836.

THE DAY'S NEWS. •

A fortnis,ht's later news is to hand from Australia
by the arrival of the True Briton in the Channel.
The gold fields—which every enquiry proved to be
inexhaustible—were yielding a larger produce, and
new ones were being opened in all directions.
Recent discoveries had been reported both of tin
and silver, and a careful exploration was being
made of a coal mine, said to have been found on
the shores of Port Philip, Quarries of slate and
marble had been pointed out, and last, though not
least, of all these additions to wealth and comfort
of the Colony, a bank of codfish had been sprung,
so to speak, in the neighbourhood of King's Island,
in Bass's Strait.
The first general election in Victoria was going
on with great animation. The information that had
been received at Melbourne with regard to the
Mail contract was not regarded as satisfactory.
It was anticipated that the Peninsular and Oriental
Company would do all in their power to carry the
traffic too far to the Eastward. With her growing
population, her increasing resources, Victoria

THE NORTHERN TIMES.---LIVERPOOL, WEDNESDAY.

Shiraz, said to be contemplated by our Govern
ment, that we are almost inclined to see more in
it than one of those occasional plundering excur
sions of the savage children of the desert. Never
theless, this intelligence is not the most serious
That which relates to the wintering of our
squadron at Sinope, and of the army of occupation
in Greece is more so. With proceedings like these,
the pretended desire to leave the East undisturbed
and to provide for its safety by extending the pro-
tection of European treaty law to it, it is altogether
irreconcilable. Such conduct has the effect of
violently tearing up the Treaty of Paris, and should
the treaty after this be patched up again, nobody
will put great reliance in a document that has been
so roughly handled by its originators, The
influence of a treaty does not consist in the
signatures which may be attached to it, but in
the example which those who mace the treaty
show to one another of scrupulously observing its
contents.
In the Netherlands there is a ministerial crisis,
caused by an unacceptable budget of the Minister
of the Interior. This Minister is a Dr. Simons,
who has been in power for five months, and his
fault is considered to be a too servile attachment
to the King. The votes on his budget were even,
but this is considered to be a ministerialdefeat.

THE forthcoming Paris Conference will be well
worth recording in the Chaldean style. A slight
paraphrase of the original Chaldee Manuscript
would bring the entire scene before us in the
most truthful and amusing light. There may be
no BLACKWOOD there ; but England will have to
encounter, in that memorable Council, men whose
thoughts are "as ebony." We hear already that
the diplomatic world is terrified at the gathering
of the eagles. Some men are terrified at the
flapping of their wings, and for their cries, which
are like the voice of an unknown tongue, also
their talons, " which are sharper than any two-
edged sword." And it is foretold that, when a
certain great man does see the mighty host make
ready for battle, he will not stand, but " will

" surely turn back and flee." Then the great

men and scribes from countries afar off—from the

mighty cities of Vienna, Berlin, Petersburg, Con
stantinople, Turin, and divers other lands, w 1

rejoice, and make a loud noise, The flight of
" him which is crafty will be like unto a balm to

the wounds of those whose thoughts are 'as-

,‘ ebony.' They shall speak with the freedom o

" their whole hearts concerning the great men of
,c the North, even the giants and painted folk.'

for which the country is not in the best temper,
after the heavy losses and cost we have so recently
experienced. We hope, then, that it isnot too
late to draw out from the affair altogether, and
leave the conferers to submit their proposals to
our Government, without exposing us to the
risk of being voted down on every question that
may be brought under discussion, in a packed
and closed chamber. But, if the PALMERSTON
Cabinet yield to the threats and entreaties of
foreign courts, we repeat, in the words of NORTH,
" Verily, the man which is crafty, shall be
" defeated, and there shall not escape one to tell
" of his overthrow."

THE Ticket-of-Leave system has failed, not
because a large per tentage of the criminals
released have not been re committed, but because
the public have taken alarm, and appear resolved
not to encourage its continuance. It does seem
strange, however, that one remarkable fact should
have been lost sight of in the discussion, namely,
that we must of necessity have at all times
a large number of released convicts in society.
We convict from 13,000 to 15,000 summarily in
this BOrough annually. Some of the offences
committed are of the most heinous description.
The number tried at the Assizes ranges from
350 to 450 ; of these numbers perhaps 20 per
cent are transported ; the remainder are im-
prisoned for various periods, when they are
released, and are mingled once more with the
public. Hence we have a constant reflux of
convicted crime flowing back upon the country.
We have thousands of males and females who
have been exposed to contamination both with-
out and within the walls of a prison let loose
annually. The total number transported con-
stitutes but a very small proportion of the great
bulk of crime thrown back upon the community
every year. Our much lauded system of sum-
mary punishment is, consequently, nothing more
than a gigantic manufactory of ticket-of-leave
men and women, and we question if it will be
generally admitted that our administration
of justice is so perfect as to sanction the con-
clusion that a sentence of transportation is
sufficient evidence of the convict's being an

And he with " a rotten melon on his head, after
" the fashion of a helmet," shall weep bitterly
over the sick lion and the fleeing unicorn.
There shall, in those days, be no Union Jack
wherewithal to bind up the wounds of the deceitful
and treacher3us men, who shall have no oak stave
as a crutch to lean upon in their tribulation. The
false one shall be left desolate at the foot of the
"mount of Proclamations," where the rose, and
the shamrock, and the thistle grow not. The
" man which is crafty shall surely flee ;" and
they who " babbleth of many things, and nibbleth
" the shoe-latches of the mighty, one who dark-
" eneth counsel with the multiplying cf vain
" words," shall not triumph. Nay, not because
he " which is crafty" fleeth, and the number of
the enemy's bands are four. " And in the first

incorrigible.
There is some romance about the legends of
our police courts. Matters do not proceed a
fuere de .4ragon, as the administrators of justice
are not accountable at the year's end, according
to the letter of the ancient Morisma. We see,
not unfrequently, a person committed for trial,
and subsequently transported, for stealing from
the person for the first time, and
.in another,
occurring, perhaps, on the same day, we hear of
a notorioualy bad and known character being
sentenced to three or six months' imprisonment
for stealing a watch or a sum of money from a
man's pocket. A savage charged with a mur-
derous assault will probably get a month, with
hard labour. A little boy, for stealing a turnip
from a garden in Everton or elsewhere will get
two months, and be ordered a " private" whip-
ping, in addition to his imprisonment. These
irregularities—this want of a uniform definition
of crime and never varying tariff of pains and
penalties renders it quite impossible for the pub-

" band four beasts : And in the second four men
of war : And in the third six, and in the fourth
" ten. The man which is crafty hath many in
" his host," to close the gates against " the leo-
" pard, and the lynx, and the scorpion, and the
" eagle, and the great boar of Lebanon, and the
" griffin. The stork and the hyena, the beagle,

c or the authorities to judge of the magnitude

of the criminal's crimes from the mere fact of
his having been transported. Again, it must be

and the mighty creatures which are gathered
within the gates" of the Conference. The
words which falleth from the mouth of a back-
slider are as dross from the crucible of him who
worketh in base metals. They speak not the
truth, and their acts do not reach that which is
untrue. They scoff at all the nations whose
thoughts are not "as ebony." They love only
the " man which is crafty," whom they defeat in
the troubled waters of the East. They loathe the
tongue of truth and justice, which speaketh out
like a voice of thunder.

Were we to follow this style of composition,
we fear we should weary the reader ; still,
CHRISTOPHER NORTH has given us such a cor-
rect key to all gatherings of a public character in
describing the movements of his own political
friends and rivals, that we could not resist the
temptation of giving the Paris Conferers the
benefit of a fev; passages of our author's wit and
satire. The Conference is most unquestionably
a great diplomatic hoax, in which our Envoy
will share the fate of " the man which is
" crafty," and it would be difficult to speak of
the majority of men who will be opposed to him
in more appropriate language, than as men,
" whose thoughts are as ebony." II the
conditions agreed upon, before peace was
proclaimed, had been respected we could
then understand the propriety of another
Congress to suggest modifications in the terms
agreed upon. In practice they might be found
objectionable on various grounds. But the
Treaty of Paris has been treated with the most
profound contempt by Russia and Austria.
What then have diplomatists to meet about ?
No one has ventured to answer this question.
We are left, therefore, t.) conclude that it is

remembered that transportation beyond the seas
has never been one of perpetual banishment.
Our judges never over-strain the law, and the
majority—probably 85 per cent—of the persons
sent out of the country are removed in early
life, and for seven, ten, and fourteen years only ;
and as the mortality was never known to have
been very severe in our penal settlements, we
must have had a large number of return convicts
coming back to their old haunts. .
We have always been, in fact, a ticket-of-leave
creating people on a grand scale; for what is a
convict who has undergone the full period of
punishment and is set at large either in the
colonies or the mother country with a discharge
in his pocket but a veritable ticket-of-leave man ?
He would be the beau ideal of an incorrigible
according to our present notions, if he were caught
in the commission of a fresh crime. Mr. Baron
ALDERSON related a very discouraging anecdote
bearing on this very important subject, which
ought to be recorded at this stage of the enquiry.
The Learned Judge, some years ago, went over
the Milbank Penitentiary with the late Mr.
WIIITMORE RUSSELL, a clergyman of consider-
able eminence, and his Lordship says :—" After
" I had seen the whole gaol, and observed all
" the means whereby the penitence and reform
" were to be produced, I said to Mr. RUSSELL :
" Pray, Mr. RUSSELL, as I know that you have
" been here fifteen or sixteen years, how many
" persons do you think were really reformed
" during all these years, out of the 700 who
" have been constantly here ? ' Now, what do
" you think was his answer ? Possibly two—
" ' I am sure of one !' This was the experi-
" ence of that gentleman in the greatest peniten-
" tiary in London, among that class of persons
" of whom we are now speaking having been
" subjected to transportation. But it is absurd
" to talk of this as being reformation." All this
tallies but little with the criminal statistics of
New South Wales and Van Dieman's Land,
where nearly all the convicts, sent out " some
" years ago," are now enjoying their liberty, and
prospering as honest and industrious people.
It may be, however, that Mr. WHITMORE
RUSSELL-was the most unsuccessful of criminal
reformers. He may have been too zealous—too
" eminent" for a penitentiary ; for it is quite
certain that thousands of convicts who were sent
from Milbank some years ago, are w at liberty,
either at home or in Australia, and are leading a
reformed life. But this question of reformation
after conviction, is after all, a minor affair
fill thewhich
altogether. The duty of the statesman
and philanthropist is to strike, both in
and out of the Legislature, at the roots
of those
landcrimes
withof
home
eastas andinfancy,nd condemned

unanswerable.
There is nothing to meet about, except to
draw off the attention of the people of Western
Europe from matters which interest them vastly
more. If Russia and Austria meant to abide by
the Treaty of Peace, there would be nO need of a
meeting of eagles. They would at once do what
they have bound themselves to perform. They
will not do this, and hence arises the call for a
second Conference—a repetition of the shuffling
and parleying of last spring. The PALMERSTON
Cabinet, however, will take their reign of office,
and the honour and consistency cf Great Britain
with them to this second council of evasion
They must enter it prepared to forego all that is
demanded, or retire covered with the humility of
defeat. That any circumstance should have
been suffered to place the present Government of
England in such a position, on the eve of a gene-
ral election, is much to be lamented. There can
be no " compromise" brought about which will
give satisfaction to all parties, and yielding an
a process
inch will lead to the surrender of an ell,

slaves. Drunkenness, ignorance, and filth, cause
this terrible amount of crime and misery with
which we are called upon to deal year after year.
We are bound to do the best we can for the
reclamation of the fallen ; but it is still a more
sacred and paramount duty to rescue the millions
we see standing on the brink of destruction. It
may not be possible to work out even the tem-
poral salvation of the convicted outcast ; but we
can protect and exalt the great mass of the rising
youth—we can make them attend school—enforce
some species of moral and religious instruction—
prepare them for a world which exists by letters,
and thrives upon morality and knowledge. Being
sentenced to transportation, or the possession of
a ticket-of-leave, is no proof that the convict is
incorrigible. This is shown every day, in the
uncertainties which attend the measuring out of
punishment ; and without wishing to oppose the
honest conclusions of others, we should like to be
informed, on behalf of the ratepaying public, what
better system can be adopted, and what we are
to do eventually, say half a generation hence,
with our criminals, if all classes do not unite to
arrest the spread of drunkenness and ignorance,
and that frightful amount of crime, which dates
from the bad example and neglect of parents ?

LATEST INTELLIGENCE,

FRANCE.

PARIS, TUESDXY EVENING,

Intelligence received here this evening from
Sicily informs us that tranquility has been
restored.

An attempt had been made to assassinate the
King, by a soldier firing his carbine at him.

It is said that the King was slightly wounded.
The soldier was immediately killed on the spot.

FOREIGN INTELLIGENCE,

Naples is very considerably agitated, and the
authorities are making preparations in the event
of an outbreak.

FRAN CE.

PARIS, SATURDAY EVENING.
You will find herewith the accounts which the
he
Moniteur and the Constitutionnal give •of
Sicilian insurrection. The foimer paper, es
announced to you yesterday it would do, tePre"
seats that the rising had been nut down in dig
vicinity of Palermo, but it does not do so in
such decided terms as had been expected. The
accounts in the Italian papers naturally exalt to
the affair; but they are not of such aWe
date as those of the Moniteur. The Italia
Popolo, a republican journal, goes so far as
rtcii
say that Mezzojaso, Villafrate, Bomena, Arle,atit
Cimina, and many other places had revolted, n,i
this journal is not trustworthy. It says that ti.P6
insurgents have adopted the tri-colour
national) flag, and that their cry fs
l'ltalia !' The Risoramento says that nunlie-.
ous arrests , had been made in. the
kingdom of Naples, especially at Cilento, 211,,0
province of Salerno. The Opinione speaks oi„
attempt having been made at Naples itself
the array to re-establish the Constitution, bu..
this seems to reduce itself to the seizure,
the hands of the troops, of some liberal pro
mations. e
The Italians here express two opinions--se,,,d,
that the Sicilian movement is to be lonert;4;
inasmuch as it commenced too soon, and colt ho,
to the order sof the revolutionary chiefs ; d
for reasons which are stated to be good any
-sufficient, are anxious that no movement ill finlig,
part of Italy should take place before the sPr'h-as
The other opinion is that the movement is wnd
the commencement of a great national rising, llto
that it was intended to give occupation log
the troops, whilst the really serious,ris 10
would take place elsewhere. According,o
to the holders of this opinion the plan of the chief
is to have petty risings all round the coasts
-the troops are stationed, but to establish the ahead
quarters of the insurrection in the centre of
island. a ilea
Letters from Naples, to the 2nd, have re-coot .
Marseilles, and according to them the govethe
of Sicily had only sent 300 men to Cefala. biltrog
insurgents had sought refuge in the neighbeti
woods. ft isde
Happening to have to pass through the
Boulogne this afternoon, I was astonished ;osripg
the little imperial prince and his nurse u 431 eot
about in a closed carriage, escorted by thers„,usgic
of gardes, some riding in advance of o;c,, g
oon
with
h for drawnisa tno l s
airing i
wn o t
rhd their i
with hands,
Thinka n
suchd s , others
ial
it
ba ar
military
uypr
beingar°rinl 1.10
thing of the kind was ever seen under s'+`
of France.

MARS EILES, DEC, 9.
The Ganges has arrived, bringing news from
Constantinople to the Ist inst.
The Ministry of Reschid Pacha is well estab.
lished.
The Sultan had received in audience General
Durand°, the representative of Sardinia.
The capture of Herat is stated to be very doubtful.
Russia has sent to the Shah of Persi', request-
ing him to occupy the territory of Makon.

A young man on the 11th inst. entered the office of John
E. Hall, Clerk of the Circuit Court at Gallatin, Illinois,
and, without uttering a word, shot Mr. Hall in the back ;
as he turned t) look at his assailant, the murderer fired
another shot, laying his victim dead. The wretch was
arrested, and proved to be the son of James C. Sloo, who
is editor of the Shawneetown Illinoisan. The murder was
the result of a political controversy in the papers.
A PUZZLED JUDGE.—Mr. Justice Erle, trying a case of
infanticide in Newcastle, was arrested by the word
" middenstead." " Middenstead !" echoed his lordship in
bewilderment. " Ashpit, my lord," said Counsellor
Fowler. "Ah I" Ejaculated the enlightened judge "go
on." Mr. Fowler went on. A medical witness foflo wed—
and out of his mouth came " ecchymosis." Ecchymosis 1"
echoed Judge Earle (this time, we suspect, feigning igno-
rance. " Ecchymosis," like " middenstead," was trans
fated, and once more the trial got under way.—Gateshead
Observer.
TILE BITER BIT.—Ou Monday lest a respectably
dre red, country.looking woman, entered the shop of a
draper in George street, Perth, and asked to see some new
d•e>ses. While engaged in turning over and examining
the goods, she managed to purloin a dress and conceal it
beneath her shawl. The draper, however, had seen the
theft, and charging her with it, obliged her to relinquish
the article, which she did with great confusion. He then
placed before her the alternative, either immediately to
purchase the dress, or be handed over to the police. The
" lady" was very glad to adopt the first proposal.
THE EARTHQUAKE AT RHODES.—A letter from Rhodes,
of the 15th ult., in the Gazette (la Midi, says :—The Turk-
ish steamer Cheh Per, bound for Alexandria, put in here
on her way, and landed 500 tents sent by the government
for the use of such families as were without shelter from
the catastrophe of the 12th. Prayers are coffered up by
the poor for the life of the Sultan for his kindness to them
since that event. The works for clearing away the ruins,
caused by the explosion, are being rapidly proceeded with,
and every day articles of furniture, plate, and money, and
even human bodies, are discovered. A quantity of wheat
which was in the old church has been got out uninjured,
only requiring to be sifted, in order to clear it from small
stones."

PARIS, SUNDAY EVOrthe
The Moniteur at last announces offiejant:-"
meeting of the Congress and the period eu "of
"The treaty of Paris has in its applicatioll gellt
with difficulties which have given rise to deter and
appreciations between the contracting coed
repro'
necessitated the meeting of their res
sentatives, in order to hasten the entire eae°,,wero
of the conditions of peace. Most of the Wi
which signed the treaty have already adhereuos of
this object to the convocation of the 000g5
Paris. It is therefore to be presumed that 'thing
meet before the end of this month, and everYaed
causes it to be hoped that it will nromptlieu„- the
in reestablishing a perfect understanding
nf
points under discussion." tioa -
The Siecle says that it was the inter to
0 to
erste
Prince Albert which caused Lord Palm
consent to the convocation of the Congress.
It is stated positively, in governmental ?Idiot
that England is, by no means, sure of carrYll°7od,
point about Boigrad, as has been fLrogdoee
France, it is said, still supports Russia, 50U 6 being
Prussia. England, France, and TurheY,,,oooB,
together. Thus, there are three powers on"'.s bas
side, and three on the other, so that Sardisloo,
the casting vote. Great efforts are, it slj'
being made by both sides to induce her teo'ala
nounce for them. From sympathy, °he Defier'
rather go with England than with any °that pgii
but, unfortunately, Austria is on the side% rev'
land, and Sardinia cannot easily reconcile breve
to the idea of doing anything calculated to
that power. So she avers. ot
In connexion with the this question, it Plh froth
remembered that a telegraphic despatch' a the
Trieste, states that the Divan has authorise
English fleet to pass the winter at Sinope•
Voted rutiors
There are no further accounts from rsoo
at least, up to this moment. But urluerebefr
that the government is in considerable aPPlutioe"
sion, as it knows what the plan of the rev°,,Jitoll
ary chiefs is, and as though the Nrieavira.
government pretends to have put "° P.°
insurrection, armed bands are seourirtg
country.
The retail trade continues in a lai.o bepit-
state, but the manufacturers of Paris hayfeor 1414
to receive some, though not many, order! it at
Year's Day. Great disappointment is tooelft
Bank of France not having yet made ~.,8%,0131,65e
cations in its conditions of discount. The
„ow
trade is rather dull ; the want of orders At jitlyto
United States is much complained of. "flisoe'
an advance of from if to 2f has taken ries, $
cotton; the quantity sold exceded 9,000 tlog 0,(14
The official journal announces the sig° eleaT/0,
treaty between France and Spain Or antri7al
fixing the boundaries between the two °la I.
I told you s )me days back that such° tre bso
been concluded. erer
The same journal states that the Dlll4OlO
charged his civil list with upwards of in the 00
in order to enable soldiers mutilate('
ci the °
war to receive pensions of 600 fr (241), an
rouge
is to be increased. tbr„
The Emperor yesterday took a cilipvveee
different low quarters of the town, an -/$0,°,0-111
Rue Mouffetard, the lowest of Paris. 400'
official paper declares that lie was reae- the
a extraordinary enthusiasm. otie 0 iTher
l
The Emperor has given the gran u col
Legion of Honour to the King of Pr,alliof °oKing will of course respond by the gram fire
his orders to the Emperor. alle"
of t
From Neufchatel we learn that the r 0,00 of
making threatening demonstrations ~9,;(ing
ad
republicans, and that the authorities 1* to Slot
an attempt to rescue the prisoners utiffres
are taking the most positive messages
000°1
anything of the kind being successful.thot vote'
A Trieste dispatch of the Rh se3:egion 0,1300
has demanded from the Schah peruuslyieli-
the presence of Bacorm ; also that thelrepaOre'
had
The invadedarmy oPfeoresciaunpatetirornitoisrytotouwnsaiertdoeue:ottbOeifidirei soed:,,,ratoittfioo°.botoa'
The Grand Duke of Baden has gr°fartii3ir
eady
nesty to all persons condemned for frOtv
in the insurrection of 1848. ; g letter
P
rba
nlee
qhrtueorniidio
illetltyfrfrmtai
itslneeeud
disturbed
htBguetirhveb
xeestsde
nohttvahoesefma
November
:::
b:iti 01,,1r
jd:lrsaDetsgiscosiotnomuna rmbwwaeanhnsoccee
endeavouring
haveub u t ijust h
ebrpokroevninocuetoif:ll:l;p•oiifotstb:oo;:t
quence of the difficulty in the communieatioal;bieu ppm,.
•
that the prompt arrival of the troops 00 t",ed 01,8,
of the government. The following are the
occurred on the 22nd :—On the evening {(pelt plufet,
liy e escorts s
ot the
remove ee Bata',rne
ar.:nuluc.Lit
bef:
0: votoo
het placed across the road between
juzq, about twenty miles from Palermo:,a wockela; awbflibtoloreartr:thoi:
shots were fired at him. Thinking it I°9 The rev
brigands, he retreated to the diligence. Place,
t j
a tak"
Bellefrata, being informed of what had clear 0 Were
detachment of the rural guard
barrier, but tbese men were
of sixty insurgents, about twat,"bef°4o, d
fire
.08 boole fen,
on horseback, and compelled
superior force. The moment this affair b(cf it at 'ooP,rv,
Sicilian government took measures to Ch e ,t lioo ,Aot
•
outset, as an insurrectionary attempt wb'e the e°"00 0
se public tranquillity and perhaps est °Tffroop "
ipoo g he°
tt.
/
t miions between Messina' and Palermo. , r be
against the insurgents, and the lE4'4 boa ,
WI DO' Pe
surrounded in a wood where prise bet the
refuge, sixteen of them were taken coot 00
the • ft •ro
remainder escaped to Celdu, 0 ole ote Aolo
fortY 800 ac'„ tta"
Messina and Palermo, about
blaotaterdr
,pwlaacse.at Aoncveesdseelspoaftewheadr,
twoitthbeab:puott, and t•P'

" PIRATICAL INVASION OF PERSIA."—A placard has
been circulated in Newcastle withithis heading. It gave
an an article from the Bombay Times condemning the
expedition to Persia, and it proceeds thus :—" Your Go-
vernment are spending your money, voted for other pur-
poses, on an invasion of Persia, about which they have
told you nothing. Such an invasion, undertaken without
the legal forms of a solemn declaration of war, setting
forth the wrongs suffered and the reparation demanded, is
piracy, and any blood shed without such declaration, is
murder. Your consent, through your representatives in

Parliament, has never been asked, and jet the expenses
are defrayed out of taxes paid by you. Thus you are
treated as the basest of slaves, in being made unconscious
abettors of piracy and murder. Do not submit to this ;
but assemble, and call for the instant meeting of Parlia-
ment to vindicate the laws of England, and to free your-
selves from blood guiltiness."
LIBERTY OF THE PRESS.—There is a very substantial
control over the press, even in England, which has for
centuries claimed, and more or less practically enjoyed,
" the liberty of unlicensed printing." Our press is free
with limitations, in harmony with the rest of our free in-
stitutions. We may compare it with our free monarchy,
for example. Our laws neither tyrannise over it, nor
suffer it to tyrannise. It is under restraints, but none
that a free people need blush for. They are not the fetters
imposed by caprice or despotism, but more resemble the
checks imposed by conscience:and integrity on the words
and actions of individuals. The press of England is no
more above the law than anything else that is English.
But the law increases its influence for good by the very
penalties it provides for its abuses and extravagances.
Actions of libel are the tests of a journalist's veracity,
decency. and public spirit. By the just conviction of a
libeller the press is purified ; by the acquittal of an earnest
and honest writer unjustly charged with the crime, the
press gains enormously in character and power. An
occasional prosecution of a newspaper is therefore not
without its advantages to the public.—Examiner.
Two DESTRUCTIVE CONFLAGRATIONS.—Yesterday morn-
ing, between six and seven o'clock, a fire, attended with
great destruction of property, broke out on the extensive
workshops of Messrs. Piper's, builders, Turner's row, Bow-
common. The building in question cmtained the interior
fittings of a new church in course of erection at a short
distance from the spot. At the time of the disaster several
of the workmen were engaged in the place, but the high
wind speedily carried the flames round the workshops and
they soon mounted high into the air, alarming the eastern
portion of the metropolis. The engines of the London Fire
Brigade promptly arrived, but there was no chance of sav-
ing any portion of the workshops, which, with their valuable
contents, and workmen's tools, were totally destroyed.
This disaster was caused by the upsetting of a naptha
lamp. A second fire broke out this morning, and almost
consumed the extensive premises of Mr. John Anderson,
broker, 2;50, Evelyn street, Deptford. Several persons who
were in their beds asleep could not be aroused for a con-
siderable time, and with difficulty escaped. Cause unknown
Contents not insured.
We (Times) understand that Mr. Sheepshanks has mum ifi..
cently presented to the nation the whola of his collection of
paintings and drawings for the purposes of public instruction
in art. Mr. Sheepshanks, disapproving irresponsible
management by boards like the trustees of the British
Museum and the National Gillery, has male it a condition
that the responsibility for his collection must rest with an
individual minister—the Minister for Educatijn. Mr
Sheepshanks considers that a crowded thoroughfare is not a
suitable site for quietly studying works of art, and has
stipulated that his collection must be kept in the neighbour-
hood of its present locality, at Kensington. He is willing
that the pictures, &c., should be lent to those provincial
towns which provide suitable places to exhibit them. Upon
these conditions, which we believe Lord Palmerston has
cordially accepted on behalf of the government, Mr. Sheep-
shanks has signified his readiness to band over immediately
the whole of his very fine collection, which is especially
rich in the best works of Mulready, Landseer, and Leslie,
and contains fine examples of the principal modern British
painters in oil. The value of the collection may be esti-
mated at about £60,000.

7 ,