The Express.
London, England, 1861-01-23 00:00:00

THE EXPRESS, WEDNESDAY EVENING, JANUARY 23, 1861.

LATPAT INTELLIGENCE.

GARIBALDI AND THE VIGILANCE COM-
MITTEES IN ITALY.
General Garibaldi has addressed the following
important letter to the Central Committee of Vigi-
hume at Turin :

Capron, Jaa. 13, 14461.

Honourable Committee,—Considering the note of the
Bth of this month, which has been sent me by the Central
Committee, I sum up my reply in the following manner :--
In accepting the presidency of the Association of the
Vigilance Committees, and in giving my adhesion to the
three articles drawn up by the General Assembly on the
4th, I appoint Gen. Bixio as my representative on the said
committee, authorising him at the same time to substitute
fur himself, when necessary, some other person possessing
his entire confidence. The Central Committee, in appealing
to Italian patriotism, will energetically urge the other com-
mittees to mill forth fresh donations amongst our fellow.
citizens, and to procure all the necessary means of facili-
tating to Victor Emmanuel the enfranchisement of the
rest of Italy. Another of the principal duties of the Ceti-
tral Committee shauhl be to form committees upon all
the points of the Peninsula where none now exist, in order
that from one extremity of Italy to the other, not except-
ing Venice and Item., the issociation may be organised
and act simultaneously, in casaart and promptly, obeying
one impulse.
The Central Committee ought, u the end d'ordre of every
day and every instant, unceasingly to repeat to all the
committees, and to seek by every means to penetrate
every Italian, with the idea that in the spring
of this year 1861, Italy must have a million of
patriots under arms—a means of making us powerful,
masters of our destinies, and worthy of the respect of the
world whose eyes are fixed upon us. I believe it right to
warn the volunteers that no enrolment is formed or advised
by me for the moment.
A journal entitled "Rome and Venice" should be
at once established at Genoa. Inspired with the above
ids is it should preach a holy war, and remove
the shame which weighs upon Italy. It should
also inculcate upon electors, as one of the best means
of attaining this object, the choice of deputies who,
having so their find thought the enfranchisement and in-
tegrity of Italy, shall obtain from the government the arm-
ing of the nation. G. GARIBALDI.
TURIN, J.%N. 22.

The Opiai.ow contains an article showing that all
combinations for the formation of a united Italy
will be in favour of France, to whom Italy is
naturally allied. The same article expresaes a
hope that the French chambers will coincide with
the policy of the Emperor.

" The deliverance of Rome will then become
more eaay, and the tranquillity of Europe be better
immured."

11ILAN, JAN. 22.

The Per raw.a states dud Garibaldi recom-
mends the conciliation of parties, and that lie de-
clares himself ready to act in political unison with
Count Cavour.

GAETA.
GAETA, J. 19, via Marseilles.
It ix a.,:svrtvil that Spanish frigates are about to
be stationed off Civita Vecchia.

THE REACTIONARY MOVEMENTS.
ROME, JAN. 19, vii Mantalee.

The reactionary movement in the district sur-
rounding Aguas has been suppressed by the
Piedmoutese. Several prisoners were shot.
A column of 2,000 Sardinians has been disem-
barked at Civita Nova, and are marching on the
province of Teramo.
It is asserted that the reactionary bands, after
having taken Tagliacozzo, were defeated.
Numbers of royal officers and Roman peasants
continue to enter the Abruzzi.

ROME, Jex. W.

Admiral Le Barbier de Tinau has prevented the
departure from Gaeta of a steamer laden with
cannon and aohliers, destined to aid the reactionary

it in Calabria.

The reactionary movement in the Abruzzi is
directed by the Dowager Queen and Count
Trapani.

Several membera of tho San Fodisti party have
left for the Abruzzi, whither arms and ammuni-
tion have been sent from Rome in charge of Ricci,
the Chief of the San Feulists.
NAPLES, JAN. 19, via Marseilles.
Numerous arrests have taken place. Many
royalist officers have been dismissed.

HUNGARY.
MOTH, J►u. 22.
The official Pesther &limn) of to-day publishes
the Imperial ordinances fur the convocation of the
Hungarian Diet, which will assemble ou the 2nd of
April at Buds.
As regards the elections of the members of the
Diut, the 6th article of the electoral law of 1848 re-
mains in force, with 6011Ie unimportant niodificat

FRANCE.
PARIS WCIDNOWAT MORNING.
The Monifeur announces that a Senatus-Cousul-
tum has been presented to the Senate, ordering
that accounts of the sittings of the Senate and
the Corps Logi&latif shall be placed at the disposal
of each journal every evening. A commission has
been appointed by the Senate to examine this pro-
ject. No speech was held.

THE UNITED STATER.
LIVERPOOL, TUESDAY.
The Cunard steamer Kotler, whielt mailed for
New York at four o'clock this afteraoou, took
9,750/. in specie.

The Espono of Madrid states that the lady of
honour of the Countess de Montanolin died on the game
day as the princess.
A communication of the 16th, from Constautina,
in Algeria, says :—"The temperature which we now cuj,
is truly exceptional. The lust few days remind us of those
of the month of June, the beat of the sun being almost
insupportable."
AMERICAN SHIP'S VNDER THR BRITISH FLAc.
At Liverpool, within the last few days, several Anieri.nia
vessels have been registered under the hritisb flag, in order
to enable them to carry salt to South Carolina and return
with cotton without fear of capture.
Pasisruirra tx SWITERRLAND. —The executive
authorities of the Swiss Confederation have just addressed
the following circular to the cantonal governments :--" Dear
confederates, An arrangement having been entered into
between France and England relative to the reciprocal
' abolition of passports, we have been requested to con-
sider whether • stroller measure could not be adopted
between Switzerland and other sates. Having decided
on occupying ourselves with this subject, we think
it moper in the first plaice to consult the cantonal govern-
ments, to order to ascertain whether and how far they
would be disposed to lend their co-operation in case the
I use of passports could be thus abolished. We admit before-
hand that the suppression can only relate to purposes of
travelling, and will in no way do away with the necessity
of producing the pauper papers for a long residence or for •
perminent establishment in the country. Begging you to
inform us of your views on this subject, we are, Lc., J. 111.
Kamm., President of the Ocodeder.ttion."
EXPORTATION OF POTATOES. —The Doblin Eren-
iso Mail says :—" During the lost three weeks • moot
active trade la potatoes has been carried on in the west of
InelamL Doyen from Dublin attend the 'net Ica* and pur-
chase largely for England, the railway affording too ready
a mese of sweeping this popidar food out of the country.
Prices have advanced considerably, with brisk demand,
sal are likely to be much higher, in proportion as
the supply diminishes. They are already quoted at
M. per stone. Great alarm prevails (mous the poor
labouring classes end midi householders, who see their
staff and hope rapidly passing away before their eyes. Ac-
cording to the present weekly snbtr.sction from the com-
' mon store, it can scarcely he expected to last beyond Easter.
Alter that the sole dependence"( the people must be placed
ia Indian corn and oatmeal. Turnips, which have often. of ,
late years, eked out the scant fare of the poor, will not be
available to any extent, fur the crop was very deficient last '
year, and will by no means suffice even for the require-
meets of the stall feeders. The ProVect is anything but
mooring."

EXPRESS; FROM PARIS•

(rsom ous OWN ooftsmromszyr.)
PARIS, Ter DAT Ermuso.

The new rule that reports of the debates of the
Senate and Corps Legislatif are to be supplied to
the newspapers every evening, has not produced
any tangible effect with regard to the meeting of
the Senate this day. As the sitting did not
take place till two o'clock, there was scarcely a
poesibility that the evening papers, which are
printed between four and five, should contain any
report of the debate, but it was expected that they
would have M. Troploug's opening speech. None
of them, however, have a word about the great
event of the day—they do not even record the fact
that the Senate has actually assembled all is re-
served for the Moniker to-morrow morning. The
work turned down for the senators is extremely
restricted. They are merely called upon to sanction
the Emperor's wish expressed on November 24
that their own debates, as well as those of the Corps
Legislatif, should be made public ; that "a report"
should be furnished to the newspapers at once, and
that a full shorthand report should appear the next
day in the Mumitee. It is doubted whether they
will assume au initiative and travel out of the pro-
gramme to answer the questions which the hide-
pendent press is now asking with much pertinacity.
At the same time, one dues not see why they were
convoked so long before the meeting of the legis-
lature (February 4) if they are intended to do no-
thing but vote the senates convene,* before them.
Upon second thoughts I ant not altogether sure that
the Moniker itself will say anything about
their proceedings to-morrow. The govern-
ment has, indeed, shown, by two or three
recent precedents, that it is only at its
good pleasure that the Senate is entitled to enjoy
the secrecy which was at first thought to be an in-
violable rule of the constitution, but it may possi-
bly allow the grave and reverend senators to de-
bate in secret for the List time, now that they are
required to give up the privilege—or emancipate
themselves from the restriction—whichever they
may call it.
One hundred and fifty sailors of the squadron
lately at Gaeta arrived in Paris yesterday from
Toulon, and were at once despatched by rail to
Brent and Cherbourg. It appears that there is not
now a single French ship before Gaeta ; the Muette
is not there, as was stated yesterday, but at Naples.
It is announced, however, that the Solon is to be
sent from Toulon to Messina, with orders to stop
at Gaeta.

There is no doubt whatever that extraordinary
naval and military preparations are now going on
in France, the excuse for which is the menacing
attitude of Germany towards Denmark, and the
speeches of the King of Prussia. There is a talk
of a creation of sixty or eighty general officers of
the navy.

I hear that Mr. Cobden has arrived in Paris
from Algiers, and that, after seeing the Emperor
to-morrow, he will proceed at once to London.
The Bourse opened with hesitation, but became
firm when it was known that Consols had risen
per cent., the inference being drawn that fears of
the consequences of the American crisis had
abated in Loudon. Notwithstanding the high in-
terest charged by the Bank of France, money is not
very dear in Paris for good paper. Rothschild's,
Hottinguer's, and Fonld's bills are freely done at
from 3} to 411 per cent. The Rente rose 10e. both
for cash and account, closing at 67fr. tiOc. and
67fr. 50c. Mobilier rose 3fr. 7be. The Orleans
Railway rose sfr., but there was little change in
the other lines.

The thaw, after a little coquetting on Saturday
and Sunday, is now decided, and the ice hes
disappeared with wonderful rapidity. There is
now scarcely a vestige to be seen on the Seine of
the great icebergs which almost blocked it up
three days ago. The wind is south-west and the
thermometer ranges from 4 to 6 degrees upon
zero (Centigrade).
Madame Casimir Perier, the widow of the cele-
brated minister, died on the 18th and wan buried
yesterday. She had lived, since the death of her
husband, in complete retirement, and, in obedience
to her own express desire, only near relations were
asked to the funeral.

ITALY.

_~.

(PION OUR OWN COl

TURIN, JAN. 19.

Immense is the public anxiety here to-day to
know whether the armistice, which expires this
evening, will be followed by the departure of
Francis H. or by the bombardment of Gaeta. Two
new and powerful gunb3ats—the Palestro and the
Curtatone—left Genoa on Thursday, and the steam
frigates Carlo Alberto and Ruggiero will be by this
time in the Gulf of Gaeta, at the service of Per-
sano and Cialdini. At the same time, two regi-
ments have left to reinforce our troops in
the provinces into which the Moat Holy Fa-
ther is sending Bourbon soldiers, after re-
cruiting them with victuals and his blessing,
to burn and sack in the joint names of tyranny and
relon. And yet the Italians iu general, and the
Piedmontese in particular, are reproached if they
do not show themselves friends of the Pope, and do
not desire the continuance of his temporal power.
At present the Pontifical States resemble Morocco
and the Riff of former days--places in which male-
factors and pirates of all kinds could provide them-
selves with arms and other means of attacking the
ships of civilised nations, awl hindering commerce
and the relations between people and people. For
a long time the more civilised nations of Europe
were base enough to pay tribute to barbarous
powers in order to be unmolested. The same thing
takes place to-day iu the case of Papal Rome, but it
is to be hoped that this baseness also will have an
end—this nest of conspirators be scattered to the
winds as the others were.

Count Cavour has given a grand diplomatic din-
ner in honour of the Persian Ambaasador, Hawaan
Ali Khau ; and a dinner has also been given by the
officer„ of the national guard of Turin to a regiment
from Umbria.
It is stated with mocha confidence that Count
Minister of Public Imtruction ; Signor
Jacini, Minister of Public Works ; and Signor
Vegezzi, Minister of Fivance,will resign their 13ort-
foliue,—not from any disagreement with Count
Cavour, but in order to make room for one or two
Neapolitans and Sicilians. It is a fact that Signor
Vegerxi has repeatedly asked permission to retire
from the ministry, which lie entered merely to
oblige Couuteavour, and on the understanding that
his tenure of office should be imovisional only ; but
even in his ease no absolute decision has been ammo to.
' Nevertheless it la nearly certain that there will be
some changes before long. That there should
bo a considerable number of aspirants fur place
is a natural result of free constitutional govern-
ment. There ix scarcely an advocate or a pro-
fessor who does not think himself qualified to be a
Minister of Public Instruction ; almost every
banker's clerk thinks he would make a good Mi-
nister of Finance ; and an agitation ix often got up
for a change—uot of system, but of men.
Meanwhile an unscrupulous party has persuaded
the unsuspecting anal simple-minded hermit of
Caprera to sanction a list of candidates whose
triumph would be full of danger for Italy.
Six or seven respectable names are brought
prominently forward as a means of inaugginig
in the rest. Yet Garibaldi does not imagine
that he is acting hostilely to the government of
the King ; he still cherishes the siuere•rest affection
for Victor Einimauuel, and Las sent him a message

!>

eloquent of attachment, respect, and gratitude,
by General Turr, who has now returned from Ca-
prera. I have myself heard this General assert
that Garibaldi evidently desires concord ; that he
was much moved by the King's splendid present to
his daughter Teresita, as well as by that to himself
from his followers of Marsala and Calatatimi. There
is no doubt that if Garibaldi were only left to his
own noble instincts, and could clear his mind of
some delusions which mischievous people spin
over it fur their own purposes, he would be a pure
fountain of good to the Italian cause, and our
future would be free from :constantly threatening
schism.

(fox OUR OWN COMUSPONDYNT.)
NAPLES, JAL 15.
From Aquila we have intelligence of hard fightimg
for five hours between the bands of Bourbonites and
the national guards, in which the latter, though victo-
rious, lost 15 men. In or near Chiese a large body
of the former, amounting, it is said, to 1,200 per-
sons, engaged with the national guards and a por-
tion of the Piedmontese troops, the latter defeating
the invaders, who lost 130 men in the attack, and
38 men who were arrested and shot.

The Prouey came in from Gaeta this moniing,
and reported the French vessels still there, but re-
ports are in town that the Saint Louis and the Im-
perial were leaving directly for Toulon, and that
the Bretagne and the Parteno were to leave on the
28th. Great quantities of provisions and luxuries
for the court are said to have been landed at Gaeta,
having been brought there by the Archbishop of
Patras and the Marchesa-Reuda.

From Sicily we hear that order has been restored
for the present, and that the public mind is occu-
pied with the elections. La Farina, on leaving
Palermo, had gone to Messina, where he had
attempted to create a party, and had addressed
the people, but without any results. Later in-
formation says that the communal elections were
over in Sicily, and that several of the chosen, at
Crispi, belonged to the extreme liberal or repub-
lican party. Immediately on the appointment of
the new councillors the order for the arrest of
several of the citizens who had resisted it was
annulled, and those who had been embarked, and
sent to Genoa, were set at liberty. _

JAN. 16.

The official journal of this morning publishes a
decree which goes in some measure to the root of
our social evils, and which promisee a more
prompt and vigorous course of action. "We have
decreed, and do decree," says Victor Emmanuel,
" that the centralfinances of the state are
authorised to anticipate to the treasury of the
Neapolitan provinces the sums necessary to imme-
diate commencement of public works, to be executed
in the same to the amount of ten millions of lire,
to be hereafter reimbursed."

In addition to the information which I gave you
from the Abruzzi, I have heard that in the districts
bordering on the frontier the greatest disorder
exists ; bands of armed men are continually crossing
from the Papal States, committing all kinds of ex-
cesses, and compelling the inhabitants to fly.
Giorgi had invaded these provinces by Cansoli from
the Papal States with certainly a thousand men,
sacking and murdering in every direction. The
worst part of it is, that whilst the local force is
too small for the necessities of the case, there is
no disposable force to send, as it should be sent, into
every part of the kingdom if reaction is to be
crushed and order to be re-established. Had the
Garibaldi force been recognised and kept in quar-
ters, there would have been a body of men equal
for any circumstances ; whereas I hear that the fine
force of Birds) is now reduced to nine men, who
are all at Caserta.

J•x. 17.

At last we have official intelligence of dilTMinis-
terial arraugetnenta in the non-official part of the
official journal. It is thus addressed, and I give
it to you entire :—His royal highness, Prince
Lieutenant, has accepted the resignation offered by
the Councillors of Lieutenancy, who will continue
however in office until the composition of the new
administration. The following gentlemen have been
tailed by his royal highness and have accepted the
charge of forming the new administration : Sig-
non Liborio Romano, Giovanni d'Avossa, Paolo
Imbrieni, and Silvio Spaveuta, with the co-1
operation of Baron Poerio, the vice-president of
the Consults. It has been asserted on the very
highest authority that Romano would on no ac-
count accept office except under extraordinary eir-
cumstances and on certain conditions • it is to be
conditionsl presumed, therefore, that these have
been demanded and accepted. Undoubtedly
Romano is a popular man here, notwithstanding
certain awkward facts which Dumas bas been very
active in bringing to light, though with what pee-
aible reason, except to fill up a column of his
journal, no one can divine. Romano repreneuts
the revolution which terminated in the flight of
Francis 11. and the arrival of Garibaldi, and there-
, fore I look upon his appointment as a concession to
the Neapolitans, who have been complaining of
having been ridden over by the Piedinoutese.
As I am posting, a French sloop of war is enter-
ing the port.