The Express.
London, England, 1857-12-05 00:00:00

THE EXPltigsB,-

the aggregate to 12,645,0001. It theTreaatiry letter
had not leaned when it did the Bank would have

been compelled to refuse discount aco3mmedatioa
altogether. We are fairly entitled, therefore, to
take that aggregate of advances, which but for the
letter would have been impossible, as some kind of
criterion of the value of that letter to the mercantile
community—as a rough mestere of the necessity of
the action of Government, and of the degree in
which it was fairly entitled to claim indemnity
from Parliament for the suspension of a law
which mold only have been maintained at a cost so

ruinous.
The other propoition of the CUANCILLON of the
EICTIEW:ER—that, namely, for reviving the Com-
mittee of last Passion on the Bank Acts, es a pre&
minaryto future Legialation—did not equallyenessed
in commanding the aasent of the Hours. Mr.
GLADSTONE, in 000 of his most animated and sae-
Give displays of logical rhetoric, urged, with great
force, the point that the subject of die regulation of
tA. note lames, on the determination of which alone
the expediency of altering or maintaining the Act of
1044 must really turn, had already been discussed and
re-discussed beyond all hope or possibility of farther
elucidation. The inquiry into the commercial causes
of the recent crisis—the endeavour to ascertain in
what degree the overtrading which had led to that
crisis had been fostered by unwise and enemas*
facilities of banking aocommodation—thia, it was
urged with great ability, was a separate and most
important Tustin, deserving the best oomeideestion
which the most competent Committee eosld bestow
wan it. The line taken by the CILAIICELLOI of
the ESCHEW :ICI in dealing with this part of
his subject andoabtedly lent additional cogency
be these considerations. Sir o:renew/J.' Lewis

ezpheitly admitted—what, Wand, Sir Rosser
Put, in 1848, had frankly eastamed—that
the Bank Act of 1844 had wholly failed
to check that spirit of speculation and overtrading
whisk is, after all, one great generative cause
• such a crisis as we have just passed through.
el C. Lawn went further. Sir Room Pert.
eiesitted that the Act of 1844 could not prevent the
incurrence of a mercantile crisis. Sir C. Lewis
emitted—what, in fact, it is impossible for any can-
lAMB teikey—that the fixed limit of issue int:o-
iled by that Act socalautes the occurrence, and
aggravates the intamdty, of a crisis. Thu, then, it
glands: the Act of 1844 is powerless to check, powerful
to aggravate, a crisis'. If this be admitted, surely a case
for permanent legislative relaxation is abundantly
made out. Bat the Cnnicstwa of the EICHEQUZZ
did not stop here ; he showed convincingly that
glue the Act of 1844, the mere sine sere of all the
Banks in the United Kingdom bad not, and could
met have, materially influenced the spirit of specula-
tion and the fluctuations of trade. lie showed this
by the simple and unanswerable fact that though
since that period the fluctuations of trade have been
enormous, eventuating in two instances in a posi-
tire mercantile panic, the aggregate total of notes a
the haw& of the public has been singularly
uniform—and that even where it has varied, its va-
dation& have not corresponded with the increase and
decrease of trading activity, u they mast haulms
if trading activity had been developed by tbele
abundance or diminished by their sentseeden.
This is a fact, not • theory. We are neither
denying nor affirming the possibility of a redundant
issue of notes, and a consequent overgrowth of
speculation—we are merely denying, on the
highest authority, that there has on any coca
-
non since 1844 beau, in fact, such a redundant issue
in the United Kingdom. And yet there ham been
over-trading. What is the anavoidable conclusion,
except that such over-trading has depended on and
been produced by causes irrespective of the greater
or lest issue of notes, and therefore that an in..
qairy into the operation of the Bank Acts, with
reference to the regulation of the note issue, is really
by no means necessary in order to enlighten as as to
the generative causes of the recent crisis? Neither,
as it seems, can it be necieseary with a view of ascer-
taining how far the restriction of the note Iwo
imposed by the Act was a proximate monism at GP
mincing and aggravating the panic; for thatpalet
seems admitted on all hands. It seems difficult,
therefore, to say that further inquiry is absolutely
necessary before the Legislature can venture to
introduce into the Bank Act a principle of elasticity
and self-regulation in lieu of the present clumsy
and circuitous prisons of Government interposi-
tion and Parliamentary indemnity. It is not easy
to discover why Parliament should decline to
make that ones for all legal by a permanent
law, which it has twice bad to legalise by an occa-
sional law.

Tits anxiety of Mr. Moscato' behave on behalf
of the two English Engineers In the dungeons et
Salerno, and the readiness of Lord PALMERSTON RR
furnish every information last night, were ominously
premature. If either of these eloquent advocates of
British rights had only read the letter of our Naples
correspondent, in our impression of yesterday, they
would have been abbe to give us much later, and, we
venture to think, much more trustworthy informs.
two. Lord PAUIRMSTON'S narrative brings ss
the most withal period of the story. Like a manlidy
number of DICKENS or THACICERAT it bomb a
jut at the moment when the reader would
bum more. Even according to Lord PALMERSTON'S
*my the King of Nsrxxs had, against all jetties
and Inalmaity, refused to allow the British Consul
to ND the prisoners. Indeed, it appears that
the only parson who had been permitted to visit them
was the Rev. Mr. P u o Et. the Chaplain to the Embassy,
and that merely as a spiritual adviser. The position
of thin reverend gentleman was delicate enough.
He was attached to the Embassy ; he had, DO doubt,
a wholesome respect for his chief, the Foreign Burr
tary ; long residence in Naples had accustomed him
to the atrocities perpetrated on Neapolitan pri-
soners ; and therefore we can readily believe, with
our correspondent, that he would abstain from making
questions the answers to which might increase the un-
pleasantness between the Governments. Naples is of
course an agreeable place, and a quixotic attempt
to procure the release of two working English-
men would certainly have roused the en-
mity of the Neapolitan Government, and pos-
sibly the disfavour of an English Minister.
We are not surprised, therefore, that the English
Chaplain should bass furnished the Foreign-office
with a plausible Report, of which Lord PALMERmtoN
has not failed to make dexterous use. But, of coarse,
Lord CLARENDON knew thoroughly well that this
sort of thing would not do. English workmen have
miatisas and friends like English noblemen, and it
that PARIS'S father lived at Genoa. The
=it obviously the man who ought to see the
ana His is the Report to which the public will
adtash the most importance. Accordingly Lea
CLARINIXDI furnished Mr. PARKS with a peewit
and the funds to proceed to Naples. He horn see-
ended ht seeing his son and has made his Re-
port. he substance of that Report appeared
in the Express of last evening. We cannot
doubt its substantial accuracy; and therefore we
sea roily oats the words of our oorrespoodent,
who says It is a tale so revolting to humanity
" that it requires neither addition nor ornament"

Barely, Lord Pausessrott will not require even tl
*or of • question put by an obsequious frie
before he makes anoib-' -ant to the Howie on
be too eager to

this subject. lie will, of course,
correct the impression produoed by his speak WI
night, that the English prisoners had net been so
badly treated after all ; to contradict," If he CM,
thaw statements which have been so deliberately
published. On the other hand, Mr. M. MILNE!! will
not allow another night to par without inquiring
whether the Government have heard the result of
the Vice-Cowan, visit in company with Mr. PAW,
the father, for which they were so anxiously

waiting.
It seems that on the 21st of November, Kr.
Naas, the father, arrived at Naplee, with instrue-
.

•
tip from Lord CLAsiiipow. Permisgion to mo
- .

the Owners WU forthwith demanded. A tele.
graphic communication was made to the Km.
On the 24th the prisoners were transferred
to " a larger said better room"— for what
purpose la, of course °brims ; and on the
25th the interview took place. Before that it was
. _

thought right by the officials to advise PAW of
the arrival of his father. This, it seems, would not
have been a vain precaution, though in fact it was
not taken ; for Paus the father says :—" On en-
" tering the room is which the prisoners were con-
" fined I saw Wan steading quite pale and ins-
" moveable. I was frightened at hie appearance,
" but I bad no time to think of him, for my son

" rush.— d into my arms and swooned. I laid him on
" the bed and tried to encourage him, and he revived,,
" bet immediately he swooned again. I then said
"to the Camel, My son was Miler subject to this;
" ' his nervous system must have been much in-
." fared.'" According to the British chaplain at
Naples and the champion of British liberty—Lord
PALMERSTON the Neapolitan Government has
treated these men very properly ; in fact, the only
thing of which them two Englishmen stood in seed
was neither food. nor raiment, nor light, nor air, but
books—the last camber of the Virginians perhaps.
But we have the dory of the father. He lives
abroad, and know, how to appreciate that "divinity
" which doth hedge" a British subject; kis belieda
have not been blunted by tenting fustian about the Citis
Romany,* ; his tongue has not been paralysed by the
fear of violating diplomatic etiquette. This father
had nothing to conceal; he had nothing to exagge-
rate. The father felt for his son. The son felt con-
fidence in the father. PARIS has told his son's
story. The public ought to know it. We pees by
the facts which occurred on board ship, with the
remark that these Englishmen, so far from deserving
to be taken as prisoners by the Neapolitans, should
ham been treated mo captives of the insurgents,
and should at close have been set at liberty. Let as,
therefore, follow the captured ship Cagliari to
Naples. " There (says the engineer Puma) we
" were taken to our cell and stripped naked, whilst
• other prisoners were looking through the iron bars
which separated them from us, laughing and jok-
' log at Our expense. We wee examined, and
" creee-examthed, till my mind was in an awful
* state somfadon. When they saw that nothing
a lOW be Mai Oat of us, they led us mod am-
" lees and Gelb, fearful to look • upon, and said,
that if any guilt was proved arida tie we
" should be pat in there. Finally, we were con-
" fined in a separate cell, fro damp and dark,
" that 000 knows bow we kept our health—the
" only window that there was was high up in the
" wall. There was an abominable system observed
"la our cell; in one comer of it was placed a tub,
• or half-butt, in which to perform the necessities of
" nature. During the hot summer weather the
stench wee insufferable, and we were compelled to
pay for the removal of it every night. Our prison
" bre has been a soup that we could not drink—.
." amid so hard and bad that we could not digest it,
" odd Ilium; in fact, we were compelled to seek for
" mosey for our support, and it was supplied from
" various sources, though, on several occasions, it
" was rejected by the authorities. At our earnest
" entreaty we were put into another cell ; and at
" length we were moved down to Salerno to await
" our trial. We were handcuffed, and that
"severely, and bound by ropes round the
" arms so tightly to each other that our flesh
" was black and blue for rive days after."
We might detail other cruelties, net less intolerable,
which have been perpetrated upon there two
English subjects. But it is idle to repeat what is
said elsewhere. Still we (=not beget that the
Engineer Wire has even attempted to commit
suicide in order to rid himself of his misery.
We have said enough. The only question remains.
are there things true ? Will Lord PALMEISTON now
venture to snare the House of Commons and the
people of England that the only thing which theme
Englishmen stand in need of is a supply of beaker
Are the people of England to stand quietly by
and allow the laws of humanity to be violated
in the persons of two working men bawd
the King of NAPLES chooses to aimed,
and Lord PALMERSTON is willing to believe,
that this violation of all law, human and divine, is
the fettled law of Naples? No doubt, as we have
said again end again, every independent nation mint
be permitted to pass its own laws, and to execute
them within its own territories. Bat this doctrios
has its limits. No human potentate has a right to
torture to death any foreigner accused of a crime,
instead of bringing him to a speedy trial. This is
what the King of NAPLES seem bent upon doing.
But happily England has the power to prevent it.
It is our duty to do so. Even as things stand the only
amelioration in the condition of these prisoners has
been obtained by threats and remonstrances. With
a despot like the King of NeeLes this is the only
argument. But if that should fail, this Insane
tyraat will have to submit to receive a message from
the broadsides of the English fleet, unless the old
spirit of England has died out.

Tux B

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without Imam* le get them that Woe Lea gederei he
l'sris dosing_ the met /*Freight :—Temdm, 17th Mo.
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Treisy, 246 11; Waimea sy, 2.5111, 3 ;
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