The Express.
London, England, 1861-03-18 00:00:00

THE EXPRESS, MONDAY EVENING, MARCH 18, 1861.

SECOND-HAND PIANOPORTI.
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Mardi as Oa day a pabUcatiaa.

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LINK. ay. The Mims sad Ds MD* Ms Ors. Lane.
~AMOIL LANKA AND 'LUZ WATIIDL Mrs. IL l'arnold.

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LONDON, MONDAY, MARCH 18.

Tits inaugural Message of President laztem..N
has arrived, and fulfils the expectations which •
few days ago we ventured to express. We need
not spend words in aggrandizing the importance of
a State paper which hail been so anxiously ex-
pected in every centre of commerce and credit.
Thousands of keen intelligences will this morning
scan every word, to gather from Mr. LINCOLN'S
language the portents of peace or war. We have
only alight and secondary evidence of its effect
on the Amerisan public, but that effect, so
far as it is shown in the tendency
of the market for public securities and the ab-
eence of democratic exacerbation, was favourable.
We have news by way of Halifax to the ith, three
days after the delivery of the Message, and reports
of any violent consequences attributable to it
would have been transmitted by this channeL
Mr. Liecotx declares in the clearest manner the
permanence and inviolability of the Union, and the
nullity alike of the acts of violence and the
solemn resolutions of the South. He further emerte
his determination to maintain that Union to the
utmost of his ability. " The power confided in
"me shall be used to hold, occupy, and
"to pewee property and places belong_
" lag to the Government, and to collect
" the duties imposed. Beyond what is necessary for
"these objects there will be no invasion or force."
These words certainly appear to commit the Pas-
sines? to • course in which hostilities appear
almost inevitable. A Chief Magistrate intending
to maintain the Union could not say lees ; but the
hest that Mr. Lisivue could say must, under the
circumstances, challenge tremendous risks.
We turn to the assurances by which the new
PRES! DINT seeks to win confidence in the South.
He urges upon the people of the Slave States that
by the accession of a Republican Administration,
their property, peace, and personal security are
not endangered, and 'motes one of his former
speeches, in which he had said, " I have no pur-
" pose, directly or indirectly, to interfere with the
" institution of slavery in Stites where it exists."
As no Southern, not even Mr. YANCEY; of Ala-
hems, ever sincerely believed that the Republican
party contemplated the liberation of the slaves,
we pass by this emetic's, and look for the signs
of a real concession to the South. There is one,
and only one. Mr. LINCOLN intimates that a more
effective Fugitive Slave Law may be granted. This
may surprise those friends of emancipation who
have only slightly studied the antecedents of the
new PIM, near; but many months before it seemed
likely that Mr. Lincoln would attain that high
station, a speech of his recognising the right of
the South to such • law was quoted in elec-
tioneering pamphlets in the United States.
The amendment of the constitution, by
the insertion of an article precluding the ac-
tion of the Federal Government against slavery
in States where that is a domestic institu-
tion, to which Mr. LINCOLN professes his willing-
ness to accede, is not likely to have much value in
Southern eyes. The general tone of the new
speech is highly conciliatory. Its most striking
feature is constitutionality. Mr. LINCOLN offers
the South all it can pretend to ask under the con-
stitution of the United States ; but be makes no
sacrifice of the principles on which he was elected.
II we do not greatly mistake the American people,
his Message will receive the adhesion of the vast
majority in the North, that majority on which he
must rely so much for support. As to the South,
we have seen enough of the influences and pie-
ikons by which it is led to decline to speculate on
its decision. But on • review of the whole situa-
tion we cannot disguise from ourselves that the
Passtmuir's Message seta the probability of war
in a strong light.

the condition and prospects of our
navy are discussed a very gamma opinion is ex-
pressed that, with the enormous number of ships of
war of all the ordinary descriptions we possess, the
charge for building more wooden vessels is one which
ought not to be incurred. We have at this moment
very nearly 700 ships of war, 562 of which are fitted
for propulsion by steam. We have 53 screw line-
of-battle ships afloat, and 14 in construction, or
under completion, but we ars particularly strong
in the smaller vessels Then, why build morel
This is a question which, under ordinary circum-
stances, would never occur to the official mind,
which reasons rather —We have yards, and timber,
and men got together expressly to build ships ;
why then stop ? That we have enough and to
span, may easily be shown to be no reason at all.
But there is one argument which will tell even
at Devonport—it is absolute want of money. The
goverumeut proposes to go on building gunboats
and sloops. If the House votes the money, we
shall get vessels which we do not want ; if it refuses,
we shall keep it in our pockets, and be just as
strong. We uoderstaod that to-night, if the naval
estimates come on for discussion, Sir Morton Peto
and Mr. Lindsay will oppose the voting of more
money to be spent on wooden ships, and will give
the friends of economical administration in the

Hou.w .1 Couuuuos as opportunity of recording
their ♦ltem.

Oar of the most encouraging baton* of th•
past week has been the reduction in the rate of
discount of the Bank of France from 7 to 6 per
cent. ThM movement marks still more strongly
the discrepancy lut■een the value of money hem
and that current ahmad. It is a very reniarkshis
fact, that the English is now the dearest of any of
the great money markets of the world. This is •
state of things which cannot last, seeing how much
better we are provided with capital than any other
community. It seems very reasonable to look for

a roduction in the Bank of England charge to 7
per amt within a fortnight. In the event of
affairs in America taking a fresh turn for the
worse, the Bank would merely have to retrace
their steps. Meanwhile the trade of the
country looks to the Bank for some relief, and
the position of their accounts will fully warrant
the Directors in granting it. Twelve millions and
a half of bullion and an 8 per cent. rate of dis-
count have, we.believe, never been witnessed in
conjunction before, since the establishment was
founded.

On the adverse side there is probably no event
which has attracted so much regretful atten-
tion as the adoption by the Northern Ameri-
can Union of the Moaatu. Tariff. It seems really
astonishing that, at a time when the prejudices of
France are being irresistibly worn away,
when Russia is entering upon a path of free com-
mercial development, when Spain is awakening
from the torpor of ages, and when regions—like
Japan and China—hitherto sealed up, are being
opened to mercantile enterprise, America, whose
boast it has been that she is the pioneer of en-
lightened improvement, falls back upon a policy
of restriction and illiberality such as one would
imagine to be a relic of the peat century. When
we see how completely American legislation ap-
pears to be based upon mere local or personal
motives ; when we mark the indecent haste with
which, the moment the restraining presence
of the representatives of the Southern States
is removed, the Northern protectionists
rush in selfishly with a programme framed in their
own interest, and certain to widen the breach be-
tween the disputing sections of the nation, the
want of patriotic feeling which they betray be-
comes really lamentable. Their conduct tends to
justify the bitterly regretful remark, uttered be-
fore now by American lips, that " there are no
" statesmen in America," none who are capable
of forgetting faction and class interests, in the
grand cause of the country at large. It is dis-
graceful in the present crisis of American affairs
foe these narrow politicians to be driving in the
wedge of disunion with might and main, for
the effect of the new fiscal legislation
must inevitably be to render a reconciliation

between the North and South impossible. The
enactment of the Moslem. Tarif4 the moment the
Southern representatives had withdrawn, is a sel-
fish defiance cast by the North at the South. Pre-
sident BUCHANAN is a Pennsylvania man, and, it
is said, has been willing to curry favour with his
native iron interest, even at the cost of his coun-
try. It it not as if the new tariff were only mo-
derately restrictive ; it is, in many respects, prac-
tically prohibitory. What else can be the effect
of raising the duty on foreign iron from 6 to 16
dollars a ton in some instance, and from 7to 15
dollars in others ? But, besides being most
oppressive, the new regulations are vexa-
tious and impracticable in the extreme.
They seem to have been, and probably
were, framed with a view to keep out foreign
products. We know of old how damaging a
policy of this kind always proves in the long run,
and to none so much as to the nation which endea-
vours to exempt itself from the healthful influence
of foreign competition. But we shall suffer also.
Our trade will be diverted from America into other
outlets. We have very little faith in the deve-
llopment of the smuggling system which one of our
contemporaries appears to contemplate with so
much interest. We have never heard of a large, re-
munerative, or really valuable trade being carried on
through the agency of " desperadoes " of this
class. One of the most discouraging features is
that, as the Congress which enacted the new
tariff constitutionally expired on the 4th instant,
there appears to be no hope of the obnoxious
legislation being revoked or even amended until
next session, which will not commence until
December. There is thus ground to fear that our
trade with America will retain the one-sided cho-
' ratter lately acquired by it, for, even if that
icountry declines to take our commodities upon the
former terms of free interchange, we shall still
continue to take her cotton, breadatuffs, and pro-
visions, as long as she supplies them more cheaply
than we can get them elsewhere.

The third annual exhibition of hyacinths and
other spring flowers at the Home Nurseries, Highgate, has
attracted numerous visitors during the laat few day,. The
present collection of hyacinths is probably the largest, the
most beautiful, and the mast varied that has ever been
exhibited in the vicinity et London.

The life of the Duchess of Kent, subsequent to
the death of the duke, was summed up very modestly by
herself in • statement which she made by way of reply to
an address of congratulation presented to her uti the °ma-
nias of her daughter coming of age. " I pass over the
earlier part of my connexion with this country," she said.
" I will Welly observe that my late regretted consort's cir-
eamiessome and my duties obliged us to resido in Germany ;
kat the Duke of Kent at much inconvenience, and I at great
gensanel risk, returned to England that our child should be
' ban and bred a Briton.' In s few months afterwards my
infant sad myself were awfully deprived of father and bus-
load. We Mood alone—almost friendlies and alone in this
cask, ;1 could not eyes speak the language of it. I did not
hesitate how to act. I gave up my home, my kindred, my dn-
ties"(theressecy of Lei ningen ), "to devote myself to that duty
rata was to be the whole object of my future life. I was
supported is the executioe of my duties by the country. It
pissed its tramt in me, and the Regency Bill gave me its
last set el coefulsoce. I have in times of great difficulty
areidsd all ossostion with any party in the state ; but, if I
fume deft es, I have never ceased to press on my daughter
berdeales. as as to gain by her conduct the respect and
ellestiesa of the people. This, I have taught her, should be
bat list earthly duty as a constitutional sovereign."

Colonel R. H. Dawson, C. 8., Royal Engineers,
bead el the Barmy Department of the Tithe and Commons
Itarileame Osminianoe, is, we regret to learn, lyiog danger.
mid 7 m at his meideees at Blackheath. He is suffering
beta mageeties et the leap.
Diva OF LORD LILFORD.—WO have to
mmeimee the demise of Lord Lilford, who expired cm Fri.
illey lest at Lakin! Hall. the family seat, war (handle, after
• prelearded and painful illness. Thomas Atherton Powys,
Dana UM:ad, of Lillonl, county Northampton, in the pear-
:LOsast Britain, was the eldest of the six sous of
sussed lord, by Henrietta Mena, eldest daughter
end whsle of Mr. Robert Vernon Atherton' of Alberto's
Ha, Innesehlre. He was born the Tarl December, 118/1,
sad es Um death of his father is July, Dr2S. , be succeeded
to the title as estates. The decamped nobleman married on
' the 24th May, IiCIO, the Hoe. Mary Flizabeth Fox, daugh-
ter of Henry Richard. third Lord Holland, and sister of the
late lord. By her ladyship, who survives him, he leases
Moue four sous sad six daughtan. The late peer was edu-
cated at Christchurch, Oxford, when he was *mood class in
claesics Is lOU. His lordship wee for several years • lad
In waiting to her Majesty. He is saomeadad is the family
hinesours sad large estates in Nertheimpeeneldre sad Lan-
iodine by his eldest sun. the Has. Themes Lyttelton
Powys. bora March Dttl, and married in 1859 to Him
Dnedloia, youarst daughter of Mr. R. W. Brandliog, of
Lbw llodorth, Northumberland.
Toss LATE JOHN a MANDSTILLR, Eat.—We
meet to ansotines the death of Mr. Jobs Henry Mande-
ville. late Minister Plenipotentiary to the Argentine Be-
public. which took place at his resides°, ea Saturday last.
pars in Suffolk is 1773, sod educated at Dedham School,
Mr. Ihiadeville hail almost attained the advanced age of Sit,
mad he was the oldest surviviag member of the diplomatic
senden Hie loop career embraced an extraordinary variety
isaidealseed wrests. As a boy to enteral the navy ; be rub
=Ylisid • commission in a dragons regiment ; he was
U he the British swat in Frau* for the exchange
Wen the peace of Amieas ; he was attached
ha Wleitworth's embassy. be was secretary to Sir
Arthur !we Vilma in 1805, and lie afterwards send
ia the 111beinee Fraskfort, Cosetantiaople, Lisbon, Paris,
Ike. In MS he ems appointed minister plenipotentiary at
Hanes Ayres.where be remained for eleven years. Mr.hlsin-
deviVe gnatexpericoce .4 public affairs, and his memory,
which extended over the greater part of a century, rendered
him a meet agreeable companion. and be continued to fill a
ili4ingoislied place is society to the last day of his protracted

gbt Court.

THE LATE DUCHESS OF KENT.
WINDSOR CASTLE, SATualmr.
_ .

The Queen, Prince Consort, sad Princess Alice, left
Buckingham Palace a little before 7 o'clock on Friday even-
ing, and proceeded to Windsor by a special train on the
Great Western Railway, attended by Major-General the
Hoe. C. Grey, Colonel the Hon. A. Hardinge, Colonel Bid-
&digt, and Sir James Clark,
On arriving at Windsor, her Majesty, the Prince Con-
sort, and Princess Alice drove immediately to Frogmore
House, and remained there.

The Duchess of Kent expired this morning at half•psst 9
o'clock, without pain, in the presence of her Majesty, the
Prince Consort, and Princess Alice, and the Duchess's at-
tendants.

Telegrams to announce the melancholy event were at once
despatched to the Crown Princess of Prussia, tho Duke and
Duchess of Cambridge, the King of the Belgians, the King
of Prussia, the King of Portugal, the King of Hanover, the
Duke of Coburg, Princes. Hohenlohe, and other relatives
of the deceased Duchess, and also to:Viscount Palmerston
and her Majesty's Miniitars.

The Prince of Wales, who bad been summoned from Ma-
dingley Hall, Cambridge, arrived at Frogmore House at 12
o'clock, attended by Major-General the. Hon. H. Bruce and
Colonel KeppeL
Princess Helena, Princess Louise, Rime Arthur, Prince
Leopold, and Princess Beatrice arrived at Windsor from
Buckingham Palace at twelve o'clock, attended by Lady
Caroline Barrington, Colonel the Hon. A. Liddell, and
Major Elphinstone.
Princess Helena joined her Majesty and the royal family
at Program House.

About seven o'clock yesterday evening the Queen, Prince
Consort, the Prince of Wales, Princess Alice, and Princess
Helena zaine from Frogmore House to Windsor Castle,
where her Majesty and the royal family will remain.
The Duke of Nemoure ►nd Prince Philip of Wurtemburg
came to Frogmore in the forenoon, having heard of the
Duchess's dangerous illness, and were admitted to the pre-
since of the Queen.

Her Majesty's health has not suffered, notwithstanding
the heavy affliction with which her Majesty au been visited.
The Marchioness of Ely has arrived as Lady in Waiting.
SUNDAY.

Divine service was performed in the private chapel of
the Castle this morning uy tne deo. !and Veryltev. the
Dean of Windsor.

A Cabinet Council was held on Saturday at the
official residence of the First Lord of the Treasury
in Downing-street. The ministers present were
Viscount Palmerston, the Lord Chancellor, Sir
G. Cornwall Lewis, Lord John Russell, the Duke
of Newcastle, Sir Charles Wood, the Chancellor
of the Exchequer, the Duke of Somerset, the
Right Hon. T. Milner Gibson, the Right Hon. Sir
George Grey, Lord Stanley of Alderley, the Right
Hon. C. P. Villiers, and the Right Hon. Edward
Cardwell.

A deputation on the subject of the Prison Act, Scotland,
had an Interview with Sir G. Cornwall Lewis, on Saturday,
at the Rome-office.
A deputation from the vestry of the hamlet of Peng' had
an interview on Saturday with the Rt Hon. C. P. Vil-
liers, at the office of the Poor-law Board,Whitehall.
Despatches were gent on Saturday from the Colonial-
office to the Governors of ths West India Islands, British
Columbia, and the Bahama.

(FROM THE LONDON GAZETTE EXTRAORDINARY.
WHITEHALL, MARCH 16, 1861.
This morning, about half-past nine o'clock, the
Duchess of Kent departed this life, at Frogmore-
house, to the great grief of her Majesty and all the
royal family, after long suffering, which she bore
with exemplary patience.
The Queen, the Prince Consort, and the Priam"
Alice, who had arrived from London at 8 o'clock
last night, and remained during the night at Frog-
more, were present when the Duchess of Kent
expired.

All the theatres were closed on Saturday evening
by order of the Lord Chamberlain, by whose direc-
tion a circular woe addressed to the different managers
Large posters were exhibited at most of the houses, an-
nouncing that, in consequence of the melancholy event,
there would be no performance, but that, with regard to
boxes and places engaged and paid for, tickets could be ob-
tained in exchange for other nights during the ensuing week,
or that on Monday, on application to the various box-offices,
the money would be returned. Amongst the exhibitions
Dot under the control of the Lord Chamberlain which mani-
fested on the part of their lessees or managers that loyalty
and good feeling for which Englishmen are proverbial were
the Royal Colosseum, the Polytechnic, Madame Toasted's,
the Gallery of Illustration, Ac., whilst most of the West-
end and royal tradesmen entirely suspended the business of
their establishments, and others placed op some of their
shutters, with an announcement explaining the circum-
steams under which they had done so. This was very
general in the western and north-western suburbs of the
metropolis; and, indeed, the sympathy which was evinced
wherever the death of her Royal Highness was mentioned
was general.
At the weekly meeting of the Representative Council of
St. Marylebone, held at the Court-house, Mr. Chumhwar-
deo Charles Carr in the chair, notice was taken of the event.
Sir James Hamilton, Bart., the crowu churchwarden
of Marylebone, moved the following resolution : " That
this vestry, having heard with sincere regret of the
death of her Royal Highest' the Duchess of Kent,
the mother of our beloved Queen, resolve, from re-
spect to her gracious Majesty and to the memory of her
Royal Highness, that the board do adjourn so soon as the re-
port of the scrutineers now engaged in the election of guar-
dians of the poor of the parish for the year ensuing shall be
received." The motion was carried unanimously.

Her Royal Highness the Princess Royal (the
Primer Frederick William of Praia) is expected to arrive
this evening from Berlin on a visit of condolence to her
illustrious parents at Windsor.

The Countess Apponyi's assembly, which was
Hied for to-marrow night, is postponed, in consequence of
the death of her Royal Highness the Duchess of Kent.
The Duke and Duchess of Sutherland are ex-
pected at Stafford House to-day from Trentham. The
duchess dowager will remain at Trentham for the present.
The Marchioness of Salisbury's assembly, an-
nounced for Wednesday next, is postponed in consequence
of the death of her Royal Highness the Duchess of Kent.

The Earl and Countess of Yarborough and Lady
Sophia Pelham left Arlingtoa•atreat on Saturday, for St.
Loortard'aou-Sea.

The Earl and Countem of Dalkeith left the Duke
of Buceleueh's residence in Belgraveaquare on Saturday, for
Boughton House, near Kettering.

The Countess of Kinuoul's dance has been post-
poned. _ _

The Countess Dowager of Cawdor has arrived at
bar mideoce in Tilney-greet, for the NUM

Frances Countess Waldegrave's assembly, an-
Bounced for Wednesday next, is postponed in consegnence
of the death of her Royal Highness the Duchess of Kent.

- -
Lady Margaret Beaumont has left town on a
Agit to Berea and Baroness Meyer de Rothschild, at Meat-
:nom

Lady (Hamilton) Soymour's party, which was
to bets tam place tine evening, has been unavoidably post-
poop&

Lady Cecilia dal V.eux's dance is postponed.
Lady Molesworth's dinner and evening party to
their Royal Highnesses le Comte de Paris and le Dec de
Chartres, which was flied fur the 214 inst., is unavoidably
postponed.

The President of the Royal Society, Sir Benjamin
Brodie, Bart., gave his first soirOe this season on Saturday
laat, at Burlington House. The rooms were filled by a
peat number of very interesting objects in art and science.

Lord Brougham, who is at present residing at
Lis rills at Cannes, is expected to return home immediately
alter the Boater parliamentary mem. The noble and
learned lord Is in excellent health. He purposes to make a
sheet stay in Paris, on his way home.

Mr. Ernest Clay, first paid attach 4 in Mexico, is
appointed paid attache et Para • Mr. Johnston, unpaid
attache at Hanover, is appointed ;aid ►ttache in Mexico.
Quartermaster Collins has been appointed a
military knight of Windsor on the lower foundation, in the
room of Major King, removed to the vacancy in the upper
foundation, caused by the death of Captain Heyday.
" • •

_ .
The Rev. James MacDonell has been appointed
assistant ►ad successor to the Rev. Alexander Wood, in the
pariah of Reeetnarkei, in the presbytery of Channory, and
county of Ross. . _ _

The Queen bee presented the Rev. Donald Mur-
ray Simpson to Moorle, iu the presbytery of Mull and
county of Argyle, v■ant Iw the transfer of the Rev. Donald
Tadyen to the pariah of Ardnmourchan, in the manse pew
*kg-