The Express.
London, England, 1857-05-09 00:00:00

DEMOCRATIC MOVEMENTS IN ITALY IN 1863.

(From tho forthcoming " Memoirs of Felice Orlini.")

Conspiracy took me away at the last moment of
my atudtes. In 1843, during the first days of February, l re-
ceived a letter from Bestial. I keep my word and entrust
to you a more dangerous undertaking; yeu will receive instruc-
tions at Genoa.' My wife expected daily to be waned ;
neverthelem, 1 immediately departed to Genoa. Maurice
Quadric get eme instructions ; !was destined to go to Robins,
in order to take a part in the military direction of
the revolution. There a supreme committee was to
have been formed, composed of A. Salt, I'igozri, lapel?, with
hlejer Joseph Fontante• es secretary. Se r ill and pen had
already deperted. I had received the order late, and Fontana
remained at Nice, as be had received no order at all. The old
earelerianese again I At Genoa the revolution of Milan was
publicly spoken of. Signor Buffs, Governor of Genoa,
directed some of the most influential of the emigration, and
adviaed them to remain tranquil. I was in contact with the
refugees, and ean based on my honour that I found them
distruedul; very few had confidence in what Martini wee
about to do. An inexplicable fact, became they had reurieted
in all the erratic= of the national committee, and now the
operation to be attempted was arranged by the said committee.
They thould have known that the triumph or defeat of the
coup they were peeparing would decide the fate of the repute
Scan cause ; if they had not faith in Moozini they should
bare said so at first, and not have Amen thenuelves uncer-
tain on the eve of the revolution. The man who has =lin-
imente of liberty and patriotism should always speak frankly,
even though he gain enfilade'', without which he is a hypo-
crite, and endangers the cause which he pretends to serve.
Maze= was at Lugano, and did not move from thenoe. A
handful of Milanese, meanwhile, in a most heroic manner
sesaulted the rank, and entered it ; but, ignorant of military
altars, instead of miring the muskets on the rack., ember-
reseed thenuelves with a cannon, which was of no service to
them. They were surprised. All was soon over, and many
were hangeil. In the evening after the affair there waa a
great agitation in Milea, and thesniallest circumatance would
have caused a general revolution ; but the Austrians dis-
played extreordinary caution, and the soldiery acted with great
furWerance. The attempt itself was made by a few midi-
viduele only. B— bad been sent by hfauini to Milan, to
orguuiee the affair some months beforehand. There was
another, Roinagnuolo F—, and the Hungarian, of whom I
shall afterward; speak. 8., incompetent to such a mission,
succeeded in ginning over many of the people by bribery, and
for some months paid them daily, so that the conspiracy re-
meined circumscribed ; but if it had been well organised, it
might have earned a general revolution, for them two
reasons—Furst, became one thing grows out of another ;
second, because the moral revolution is already complete in
Italian Mends and they are ever ready to second a move-
ment which boo the lend chance of success. All three Ives
were recounted to me in Milan and at Mantua by the heads
of the revolt.

At the Kiel news nom Milan the republican party Irma in
a Mete of proatr,tanr. Reerilll inatif aueoeeded. The re-

publican piny, .which, after ;the distuter of Novarfl, had
eared the national honour wan conquered at Rome Lut not
destroyed, bad remained organised, compact, honoured,
feared, and respected, when its members were emigre:us,
even the Sardinian government. After the Muir of
Milan it wax the same no longer; it became utterly demo-
ndised. An a noble ship, driven by the tempest on a rock,
burets asunder with the mighty shuck, es from this moment
the party became onlv a melancholy wreck. The constitu-
tional piny trituiiphea ; Mancini woe lust. Alter the defence
of Rome. the Italians regarded lain as the chief of the con-
rpiracy ; he was at the apes of moral power, and to this point
he will perhaps never arrive again, by a fetid and inexplic-
able law, but nevertheless a sun; one, viz., that when indi-
vidual* fall from their high estate through neglect of oppor-
tunity, they never more rise to their former eminence.
Since the affair of Milan, the greater put of the patriots
abandoned iffazzini, and I, with many of his friends, oeased
to constitute what was called the national party ; and for
this cause alone, that we were in a great minority We
remained therefore a faction, became our republican
idea, although per se holy and righteous, was not
the general idea of the nation. I was unwilling to
believe that Mancini could be subjected to each a
change of fortune ; I regarded him always aa the chief, I was
convinced of the contrary only by sad experience, intercourse
with the tint muting/A Italian patriots, as well as from having
personally sounded the sentiments of the province..
I mu shout leaving Genoa when the news arrived there
of the failure of the Milanese insurrection, so that I was
advised not to So on to Bologna. Nevertheless I departed
and penetrated Into the Modenese dishy. The polite were
in extraordinary alarm. At Sa.ssuolo my companion Iticei
and myself wen arrested by the gendarmes. As I had a
Bolognese miseport I was commanded to proceed thither •
Rico was ordered to return home. Telegraphic deepatehe•
were funcarded to the places which I had to pass through,
and I was followed at a little distance by the gendennee.
I however, arrived at Modena, and when out of that city I
eluded their vigilance and that of the police. I joined Ricci
again and, with the funiatanee of seine students, got to
Iteggio. There we learnt that Safli and l'igerai had re-
turned. We then thought of following their example. The
police knew where I was, and the giudarnica entered at one
door while I escaped by the other. I woe fortunate enough to
hod Rini again, and we took to the Aponninee. I now found
myself amongst dangers which were completely new to me.
The mow wait very deep • we were compelled to keep on the
evert of the mountains by 'Salwallm, which road leads
to Fiviz-
rono, Serum, &r. It was night, there was no trace of a
road. We were obliged to keep the telegraphic mils in view
to direct no, although we had one of the most practised
guides. For some minutes we missed the path; the guide
exclaimed, " Holy Mary, we are lost I- I did not lose
courage , but not being accuatomed to this kind of adventure,
I tamed to go beck. The guide cried out, "By heaven,
no I" and I changed my mind, and followed him. If I had
in the former direction I had taken, I should have
retell:44le, to the wind blew the snow from that side with
great violence in clouds angler to smoke, and the eapoenro
to this for a minute or two would have caused sutfoeatiun. Inc
England no one ran even imagine the violence of the wind
and anew on the Apennine. in winter. Luckily the guide
knew wherein was, and after two hours of danger and expo-
enre, we sheltered °timeless in a hut. Although we had net
tented food for fourteen hours, we were •so completely ex-
hausted as to be unable to take any refreshment ; the day
after we arrived at Samna. In a country house near there
Saffi and Pigottf were concealed, we met each other • the
polioe of the Sardinian government displayed great activity
in their endeavour.; to arrest us, but by the asentance of
some at the neighbouring patriots we got to Spezia ; there
we ernharked in a steamer, and arrived one morning at
Genoa, with caps on our heads of the Sardinian national
=rd. The "emigration" at Genoa believed that I bad
arrested by the Austrians, and consequently
lost. Some days after, I again eat out for the
Modcnese territory, to discover If there was any chance
of.ungetui.ting.uplat movem
wee entfa tss; pfeoLunduniginoarenmilt.abelfleamiimiong t
c.thast
for
such an enterprise. I returned to Genoa, and from thence to
Rim. My wife had given birth toe littlegirl. I again con-
tinued my studies of music, and the sword. On the Lom-
bard frontiers of Piedmont thee small movements took place
contemporaneously with the attempt at Milan ; they went
impeded by the Sardinim troop.. At Bologna, the pollee
became aware that Seel and Pigozzi bad been there, and they
ware both condemned to 20 yeare• imprisonment so ninth-
11111a.n1P. The consequences ware executions, bastinades and
the galleys in Lontletrdy; the same in the Roman Stems
tranaportations in masa in the Sardinian kingdom, and dem!
lation, emery, and recrimination.

• Who was made major after the battle et Mestre. AU
these Gab are well known in Italy, and once for an 1 repeat
that I only state facts which are nut calculated to input,
(ether the cause or individuals.

The Emperor and Empress of Austria left Vienna
on the morning of the 4th by the ettam yarbt Easile for
Peoth.

A letter from Berlin says:—" Generally, and
'especially in the higher regions, the visit of Prince Napoleon
le considered an act of courtesy towards our royal family,
and a proof that the friendly relutions between the two
courts tend to become more intimate; but it in also raid
that it is connected with negotiations for his marriage with
Gelman princess, which for some time have been carried
I as with gnat fermi, and wbkb are on the eve of conclusion
The Dowager Empress of Russia is expected towards the
middle of June at the palace of Sam &mei. A visit from the
74perer of kerns to our court is spoke* of ; so also, though
more problasnaticelly, is one in the autumn Gann the-Ent-
peter of the French.,•

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