The Express.
London, England, 1850-01-30 00:00:00

INFO&
sr It was shown At, this
pe sorsuan ia the seem se tee •
salsas than 80 per mat. apes *ft.:
ea et hest 40 per mat wpm
ourareukertur word~". Msre-01"
ionholn." 6.1
s 11
ilweerer, Mowry
Shea 41. to the
insea tax apes every hipbone' of busisem? True
Vm ie eltimahlilX imp' spa the ealirast. Bat ha
bee that mead the saatirsl AIME "Soh a tsar
hes naturally the seed ef driving _
ruse mgr to demi with them who kspe ne malt 'herr
to make : whilst at bear modt is a heavy ereto
apes the pockets the poor. Way W.
for ill-
sten" who buys a pollred of meg bays it
is paper '.This iptpse is weighed into*" =I;ll
two en-limt the purcitoseref pound of soda Pay
two duties itt Press; the ditty apes• fail read -
eager, the whole of which be does eat get, god the
duty apse• heavy plea of worthless breft piper at
the veto of 80 per cent. upon it, vas'.
Mr. Cowart states that mist e mond Amnions
potent, paper is sow being merndlastared is England
of kinds of strew. This *video* seems
to promise swiss. But whilst the straw ma
be purchased at 2s. per cwt. or lees then a forthiog
the duty epos the paper made
el l•itmins4 no Use than led. per lb. Hone we
have a singular proof of the opprordwmem of this
duty, its amount nommen not per cent., bet abso-
lutely. 500 per cont. upon the eost of the Inoteriel.
Of this straw piper then might be made pocking-
boxes, wood pe,eiti• seas* reed real many sake
this's le whisk light Wren Moil etW aetenebi
skrar let the Widen the prise he
parporedes toe high to 'seer •
essromddlp to bring it into ths model
tie empals with ease droop ontnials. Here we no
a renadonia beano manly of the °programming
of the pew duty upon thy steamer wherein&
it aiestumnibes, hat at its iateriersaes
the extemiro at the arts.
Anther pain whin was usatelly illustrated IN
the heavy met of collecting the paper der q : a slat
tallier p es the Excise at the rots of nearly :dirzimeeid..,
bet frAlUgetW mere heavily open the
meenheturer. Beery roan st paper bos. to be
weighed, paned la a preen, way, kbdistl,
uresinvad, and snored is tha most potted.
nder tsar d heavy penalties for ens the
slightest &viatica hen the law. To do all this, sad
to see distil is all deer, the ppaappeerr maker mast keen
servants and clerks at eosidwebb wages. Is this way
the cost to him le estimated by Mr. Cowart at quits
es much as the coot to the Excise. But this is
not the only injury enifired by the mansfee-
terse. He bp able to all the occident' Pris-
ing from the detoetten which the law a:
on. We know a large paper hates in
which suffers frequenuy the trot/tot incoovedense
from the excise rogulatious. oder the law so roam
of paper can be sent out of s paper-mill for
four hours after it het been narked by the=l
officer; or if that °Meer reel's, se he meet usually
does, out of the parish In which the psperedil is
situated, then detantiou of forty-eight home is is-
misted on. Now, the paper dealers we Mlit to
obtain their paper, for reams good, fres
a manufacturer carrying on besiege" near New-
castle-on-Tyne. The paper is mot to thous
by steamboat to avoid the additional exposit, of
land carriage. At this season of thoithessegalkeene-
boats sail but once a week. It not esedy bop-
pets, in consequence of the Excise mg'
the paper ordered for one week's vessel is too be,
shipment, in which cuss it suffers seven days 2
or, should the winds be unfavourable, it may
undergo a detention of a fortnight. The =7:
nieno° thus oomairmed need not be pointed oat. It
has on some occasions amounted to the loss of large
orders which the paper dealers were desirous to em-
ciente.
As regards the pew, the waking of the paper duties
was most forcibly illustrated by Mr. W. CHAMBER&
"During the five years ending 1848, we have," he said,
" paid for paper the sum of 83,0001, of whisk
14,0001. woo exacted as duty." The whole of =
fell upon the consumers of useful publieatiose
at the smallest possible price, and prepared exprony
for the benefit of those whom the stamp duty apse
newspapers precluded from resorting to those asr
thorised sources of information. Oao of Mama
CHAMBERS'S weekly publications was stated to have
circulated 80,000 copes at Id. each, producing sifts-
thee 17,0001. a year. The whole of this 17,000 a
year, except the tax, went in the employment of
la-
boar ; for the material of which the paper was made
was utterly valuta/as. Now, this 17,0001.
a year gave employment to six hundred fa-
milies, or 2,400 of the pop:drake. And yet
that very publication, giving employment to
600 families, has to basuppnand because of the paper
duty! Could there be a stronger proof than title of
the injury the duty brings upon the working popula-
tion
" If? the paper duty is removed," says Mr. CHAM-
BERS, " I loops that at the aunt time the importation
of foreign papers will be entirely unrestricted. The
paper-woken of England have settling to fear whatever
from free trade. On the contrary," said Mr. CHAMBERS,
" my full conviction is that by the complete abolition
of them duties, and the establishment of free trade is
paper, we shall be enabled to supply the colonies on
the mat advantageous terms and extend the trade."
This is en important declaration for the coosiderstion
of the Caaxesuaz of the EXCHEQUER, and one
which the protectionists will do well to remember
when this subjest comes to be debated.

ail* NOM, loated er meed
t he
ensd. The
peterwhat orglaised_
aid academie hinted thritbilt
aralidataa should km mole siseatkon able
egad* The new law maid de away with:lide
ead ovate a masa mapesed -of person t
eV=
divers prellosional einem to meant mot
bat esistc. Than the ember of resins mad I'4
seis maces is to be foamed front 27 to 8.,
cm far each departmat. The aew law mail
away with the universitarian power of lima.
Meek and the deprive the naive* of ifs
bdisate relibif negL it
ij
that the aniversiteriel% ,
est. The law would deprive them of their walW el
adios to divide it with the governmental power. We
they eansider sasatiehately aad esaolusive against
the adoption of the law. Oa the Sher lead, the re-
= PaZillahr traait tiveLtialiafatv"r of these
o
not see wiliest prepandesance for the clergy in
it. M. de Moatelembert, indeed, goes so far
ea t• nein onkel inspostisa and oohs advaatages
of the same ma, but these be cannot get. It may,
perhapst be asked, who is in favour of the law P The
answer is that these are few, and it seems impossible
that the law should pan having so many opposents
to tear it in piens Tke vote, asthenia; a mond
reading, cannot be taken as showing that it will be
adopted, inasmuch as may of those most NNW' to
the law wish it to be farther dismiss!, and indeed
said so; bat it I. almost certain that unless sweeping
Swages me made, the law itself will be swept away.
Under all circumstances, whoa we see beers spent in
matinee upon each article, as for instance, is the
ens of the law on transportatioa, it may_ well be
doubted whether under the most favourable carcass-
stances such a law as this can ever be voted.
I had written *urn when I learned that the second
reeding of the law on public instruction is palmed
till this day week, on scounnt of the indispositisa of
M. Thiess. Meanwhile, it is now supposed that the
delay in the presentation of M. Berryer'e
budget re-
port will be favourable to a more speedy debate on
the adulation project. If the budget were to ewe
an before the close of the education debates, these is
every probability that the latter would be barked. so
the seestably intends taking a holiday in May.. It is
the daisies of the government on the Paris amt
Avignon maim,, which, not being come to, dsisys
the report of the bare. It cannot new be ready be-
fore the latter end of February. It is supposed that
the intermediate time will be sufficient to cowhide
the deliberation es the Education Bill. It appears
that the bielmp have addressed letters to the Pops to
exercise his Mosses in their favour It this very mat-
ter of edesellen They think that the new law,
slightly amooded, would be an excellent one; but
then aseninets being in favour of the clergy, they
wish to posh with nary influence.
To-deg is the chamber the elections of the garde
weressetanned. The debate
n then commenced on the
genie essiele. M. Clary, in conjunction with some
Aims% proposes the re-institution of the
betbilisos of the into two new battalions.
TheMato woo pro ins gat post hour. At its pre-
sent sego it is impossible to give an accurate idea of
the 'abject.
TOWIDAT. 6 30 rs.
In the Legielative Assembly yesterday, the bill to
allow three menthe pay to the Garde Mobile cm theirl
being disbanded was adopted by 533 votes to 49. The
Assembly command the discussion on the bill slat-
ingteseavemtime between manufacturen and workmen
is mann amend with weaving. The dimming
was stoma to this day.
• The report of the committee on the bill relative Is
tbs settlement of the accounts of 1847 was yesterday
peoseated to the Assembly. The ordinary and extra-
ordinary expense are fixed at 1,609,588,840 L 82c.
The only important fact to animas this aftessesm
is the followiag :—Tbe Freesia§ and Austrian govern-
meets soot in to the French executive the demand of
=
mospatioa of Switzerland. This demand the
is mast embarrassed to reply to, unwilling as
it is to sad the powers, and equally so to none to
their dams& Hero is an opportunity for the minis-
ten dudish to show itself.
The Monster of this day publishes the following
decree, by the President of the Republic, dated the
10th :

- -
Crnseiderney the adenoma of llth Jemmy, 1816, which
Saul the eatery ef the 4/oversee of the Iscalidis et 40,000 f.
Cessideria. the dune of 8 Fraedier, As, XII., dedariag
that thepy d stanhel OP:vase is oeseparibie with the woo-
hums &rived frost say (char civil or atiiitary (*arnica ;
osarniariag, maresear, OM the 0.1.61'60, of the lavelides,
whs ha** bees oohed sr the diyaity of atenhal ie to re-
eds, the tams pay se the ether ounkele who bare pre-
sided him in the estrits of the mime fasedese, decrees es
Idiom :—Art. 1. The miry of the swarm of as Massa
Hotel des byelaw', Wed to MM., by the dense of the
7th Febnwarillidk lisesght warn the rate of 40,000 fr.,
counsimedi the abriwgernal AMMEnaIWi of the 10th of
Jemmy, 18
"The Mem' aye the Cboolikdaassul, "mind in
the esevoestres of the &stand easier all forth
rowspisiate. It is selkisat to met ogee eyes over the
departiasatal journals to pensive the easels of these
delays. Kest of these jeareals spook of the wretched
state of the roads, nattered almost hapassablecoletgt
sow. It is certain that to convoke the *leakiest
is the midst of so rigorous a sews would be to those
Area amber of the electors to stay away from the
The Corsairs says: "The amber of sense struck
oinks electoral lists ia the deptruseat of the Boise,
within tba delay fixed by the law, awaits 2705.
ThLtresult is of a . wore to seatiriolly Seedily the
character of the next buiteisa elections."
Nothing doing is the Cherubic.
DOME.

FRANCE.

YARN, lionniv, 530 ex.
On the eve of the second reading of the law on
public instrestion, it may be as well to explain what
its projectors propose, uld what its opponents obirsit
to. And first; I should premise that freedom of edu-
cation, of which no much has been said on both sides,
has very little to do with the matter usage discus-
sion; for, in *sem of the naiversitarians, it mess
freedom from , and in thole*
the clerical party the aar eliaLl oevieitelieiminlis
poly. Even those 'lee desire free erlimplien. in a
sectarian some • admit that. the • stele amid be
allowed to exercise sonsidorable infinities Mil inter-
ference, inasmuch as the country has never, 'as yet,
been, and la now km than ever in a state to per-
mit the mimeos of complete liberty. Rolightensd
impala*, in education as in polities—Ma is the
Use Under the Fiench emanative statesmill. They
therefore demand for the state not merely
I but a directing initience. The system whisk IS
seat exists war masted by the Emperor Xs
The clematises which he exercised in all al
course guided him in this, but for hie large asseeliens
of authority over education he had precedent le
plead as well as expediency. The PM/ university
bad for ages exercised a premeditating influence set
ally over all the schools of Prance, but also on those
of Pimps. And the old privilt gee on which this
eqminisey wee besseweeersetimed, but not shaken.
by the phtlosophms of the eighteenth century. They
W higher gamimilret.
...A impart, however, was drawn out long preview
in Ala revolution by President Roland wb,, of
mmile, remained muted upon in the adeilfigial
olitibto• Napoleon, no , deal* consulted
lie oonstructed the university of an
sonseil ofthir4 members, of whom ten were aiteaN
tar ifs, whilst the summing twenty, who were left
laths abeise of the gem& tauter of the university,
wow renewable. in .ashen- every yew. Oradea,.
end Nth& lestltatton grew seder its new meshes
ties, the syetest_at nealseting the twenty y
imegibers et the imperial email fill into diner., and
[lllo.lootoil of tea, like that of Venice, grow Emputy,
Ili somber was afterwards reduced to sight, se
1 shift it now steads. The imperial masa bed is,
impflore-general, as well as subordinate councils in
127 chief towns d the country. These councils were
Gelled Coneeile ileadessiques, and bad under
their supervision three or four deparmts
lark and at their hest were chiefscalled
=Such was tawesnaritottos of the
board in Frans,. Remy thing wee
abellethed In Paris. Ceder the rummest of July,
Xs *I illsivandy, Naas, tt N'aud,of the serinsii of
,ivtias
endemonmd to Masse. the system to its
stets by resundmr the old imperial
Ismail with its twenty anneal members, but
he only emended in meeting a Mete of osatesion,
which has hitch tilt the %mint tline. )L. Wok-
bolls; minister ander Omni Cm • • imitated
SolooMl7, aid tadt on himself to diminish the amber
of tickles from 27 to 20l See slanging ter abolish-

?ARIA, Jan. U.

rii 1
Wary.

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ITALY.

_ _ , War,
Prlast•
trbi Uis-‘l-44-‘ foirliei;&iiii report bee it is
Le thee& to aysw to persuade hie Holism to
Teter. to the YAWL Rom what I hire his stir
sloe is not Weddell to soma, sad every diy cow
rinses me et theaavistisa I haven repeatedly everted,
vis.. that the Powell' net be &Sewell to leave Portia
Rem& protection: Animal' Mil
le &eery mte kaows, arw
7.cobtir oak. sad jealousy of the lattri7parent,
isly se maw lams
towards their Wow wreak
den, the French, whoa they wish to see olestly oat if
I lyta.
A curious ecclesiastics' dosoment has lately limn
into my hands, emanating from Pottiei, and which'
document was actually priated and:then withdraws.
It is an address to all Italian catholic*, and was drawn
up by the conclave, a few days since, and intended for
genital distribation. It teas this:
1. Comidoriag this the authorh, et the el m& should be
respested by the Italia* primes whoa they represent 2.
Coadderlai that dee ballets prisms have usurped the power
et the shards, mad Wild the people se melt sodas* ma-
Welted prlasiples. 3. Cosaidering that she Italie* primes
*mild nowt the tempera goods of the ass*, .ad that
they hero allowed the property of the elm* so be seques-
tered, sad thereby taught -eamsenisis.
Such is a fragment of this singular doormen;
which I am informed Cardinal Alamein revised.

Bisuw.—Tile election of the electors for the Er-
furt pullaseut Mee jest takes /lees la Berlin sad the
rest of Prussia. Ia swat cam the densearatie party re-
frained from vedag, and the result le therekce of cause
favourable to the coneutstive es.•*Ltati•a pearly. In
several of the other principalitles of the Osman eentedews-
*an the 'ladies@ have goo taken One with SU sane result

DR. ACRILLL

It is now known that Dr. Atha hemline set at
liberty t this intelligence necked Paris by telegraph
Let Friday.
We understand from Dr. Achill?" friends that they
are able to prove that the assistance of the Preach
military was fraudulently obtained for kis arrest, sad
that the French government was falsely informed
that be was imprisoned for murder and other crimes.
The inquiries iostituted at Viterbo by his friends
forced the amusing power to drop the mask, and to
avow that he was seised for religion Mee'. A
similar local investigation in Rome ecabledhisildsede
to prove to France by evidence of her own Ahem"
that a detachment of her troops on duty at her Pre-
fecture of Police in Rome were parties to the seizure,
though the prefect made a rotors that there was no
such entry in his registers. The soldiers were
dispatched for the purpose without the °egoista°, of
the prefect, by word of command of a subordinate.
The second in commend of the French police is an
Italian gentleman employed formerly la the police of
ChlIZrY XVI.
chief of the French army and diplomacy in
Rome, General Benignity d'Hilliers, applied in person
(soon after Dec. 10) at Partici to the supreme pontiff
he the prisoner's liberation, which was personally re-
heed, on no other ground than that the primoner" had
date much harm to religion, and would do more, if
fres.*
Owing, however, to proceedings, the nature of
which is not known, the Neagh government received
in Paris, on Dee. 20, a telegraphic message from the
that the Roman government offered the
prsneh government to liberate Dr. Achilli on condi-
tion thee the English goreroinect and his friends
wadi ensure his leaving Italy. The British Am-
bassador in Paris, with the -Medusa which has
characterised him throughout, wrote himself extra-
elleielly, to Dr. Achill' engagjng himself to de in. His
kinds did the same. Toe French government inti-
mated to the general and ambassador its ooncurrerce
la the arrangement. The French general cumul-
i sated this reply to the Supreme Pontiff at Portia,
end claimed the fulfilment of the promise. It was
mswered that he would take time to consider it, and
wild arrange the matter on his return to Rune!!
In the meantime, and subsequently to the arrival
of the reply from Paris, the Fiscal of the Invisition
visited Dr. Achilli in prison several time, intimating
is him that be was to be put uponhis trial, and that
he, the Fiscal, was to be his judge.
The knowkdge of this delay, and of the accompany-
leg circumstance', reached Paris about lan. 10. The
government of the republic took up the matter
strongly, sad cemmuninatioas of an urgent character
were made to Rome. On the 25th, ths French go-
vernment was made aware (as has beam stated) that
Dr. Achilli was already on hie way from Rome to
Paris.

RUSSIAN POLITICS.

Mom the Doily New.)
NM February, 1848, the continent of Europe
las been oonvolied by anarchy of graining under
11111600. Re-action we hold to be, in one
Maio more dims even than political fiance,
that it is a stage further removed from ra-
lend freedom, because excess is the inevitable phase
dame' which society must pass in its transition
tam absolute government 'il free institutions.
Jesmsgt these conflicting elements the most Iced-
sets rights sad moderate aspirations bays been
or repromed. But whilst absolution has every-
Alm established a precarious amendincy, two
power. at opposite extremities of Europe—Russia
and Great &Main—represent antagonistic principles
which no sophistry can remineile nor prudence keep
from hostile action. Ramis, or rather its govern-
ment, typifies m absolutism whose existence can only
be prolonged through its own territorial aggrandise-
ment, and re-aotim amongst its neighbours. With
regard both to its own subjects and the remainder of
the world, the tendency of Rued= imperialism is is
feet epitomised in the naive admiesion of its bead, the
Emperor NICHOLAS, who, the other day, on the occa-
sion of reetricting to 300 the number of students in
the liaise:sides, declared that " owns WAS INCOM-
PATIBLE WITH CITILI8A110111."
Great Britain, on the conical, has long practically
re test, and (since identified with free trade)
asseptal in theory the principle of tore-
Inteeiswes, of which the objective aim is to
semiwtheetell-being of her own ematmanity by gra
dial MOM* of all nations towards her Own level of
maps*, ostsainent, and freedom. Between
these Weise. ,alpiss, which place at issue the in-
tonate sf rebels egoista the interests of a dynasty,
no sempatmlie-s One or Miser must rue-
comb t wanted 'point out which.
The demispsnist of free-trade principles has been
MAW YR% JAN. 16. so intimately essmated with the Zino.= of pails
As I had 4atidtaaadt. ty )Eines bfals-cloy passed ideas in thismattry, that no aggrariew is possible
at without any sinasely ; the crowded prisms still on its part. The people of England would no dada
immix occupied by the visible of royal- vengeance, wait py the dissolution of the Rusks dospo-
and hundreds of exiles most remain where fortune tirm hem Memel came; although directly or indi-
Me thrown them until some outward event shall in- rectly, Wherfar by restrictioh ried oppression in
duos the Neapolitan government to change its policy. its own dominices, or. by its baneful influence over
My ' is, that even if the King bad been Austria and the northern provinces of Turkey, that
dla t grant an amnesty for the thousands impel- despotism outs off some hundred millions of the pope
mad fa Oasis constitutional opinions, the army laden of Europe both from oivillslog interoommuoi-
would have dictated a refusal, so fatally is the des- ration and from our markets. But it I. doubtful
tiny of the throne in their batik Physical force is whether concurring canes will allow the Cur to fil-
th* law of the land—even opinion is coerced; the low the example of this frisbee:sue, and continue
whole 'Gantry taught hypocrisy both in religion and to abstain from overtly aggressive note upon his
politics, on hie Maisay's birthday the fne,,,apis neighbours, which national intern!s and the faith
ministers and the officers of the army and navy oftreaties would call alike upon this country to
their respects. There was an unusual number the resent. •
latter. The Xing Lathed pas aid eare-worn. Time premiss, and, like the life of the Csar, the
The only event relative to the Pope is that his epoch may be termed elimmterla The five-and-
Holiness anticipated the birth-del visit by presenting twentieth year of the reign of Nictimolt may remind
himself with.a somber of era ties on the 13th, ‘him how. WWI the probable spies remains to secure
the morning before the Xi a birth-day. It will be the " gates of his Itonien—the oaaliebyy which
expected that I should on give, some information Rodin sovereigns and courtier. the Du-
ch. ncarinselly. mooted topic of his Rolinsn'erstare dandles. The Christian provinces el
to Ream lam still Wised to believe that event is modally propagandised by yearsjil:regast
by no steam so war at band as the reports of the day to slaw unequivocal signs of lad
Wiest.. I brae sines pointed oat' the sin of The Tab& ...spire, like the mulls at the
the " piet," the. Frisch troop set of *me of the lam °seamy, is serisesir sdiesthe its
Be.. bslbss his gam sates. It would be dill. etestitstiossi vices, and threatens Isilhonswatksi

•Natry
bow' its dsVps.
Na it awful that
sways, familiarly dm
-4, which, if it should

hostility, ens remained es *it
nivel* figtetamist to Ihis rid
of the that*, in the same Milestitatese
the chisibiladraini to all extilesisa et oar osmmerce
and modal imp anent cm the idea •
Rosen, we have Wei been tole, wan by thus who
admit her offensive weakness, is massible at horns.
This may be true with regard to every country ex-
cepting England, but if only acoseabie to Engbaod,
Russia is peculiarly volaseable to her blows. The
sovereigns of Bavaria or Wortemberg, thanks to their
inlaid situation, and the laviectible repugnance of the
British people to engage in land operations on the
smatinent at Europe, might defy this country with as
much safety es the Khan et Boras. Bat it would
not be difficult to show that the resolute operation of
a British fleet, and the combination of political actin,
might, without risking a single soldier, and without
involving a larger outlay than the cat of the Sikh
war, sales to reduce Russia to the condition of a se-
cond-rate power, it not utterly to overturn the Rus-
sian despotism. The Russian absolutism—for we
most be understood as always distinguishing between
the government and the governed—bas during the
last Ave-and-thirty years widely extended its infla-
me and power, but at the exposes of its former inert
strength and passive solidity. The Emperor Maim"
during his reign of five-and-twenty yeas, hes sin-
gularly accelerated by his policy die tendency. A,
national nobility, the religious fanaticism of the army
and of the popuktioo, the tut of the seat of the empire's
vitality being in the bent of that population to
which all access was barred by wastes inaccessible to
armies—were formerly supposed to render Russia
invulnerable at home. But that nobility is at the
present day utterly alienated from the gerroment
the church has been brought into such abject subser-
vience as to have lost its former fervour. The reli-
glens fanaticism inspired by SUIVAEROW is now on-
known in the army, and little prevalent with the
masses; and all have been taught to regard St. Peters-
burg as the seat of empire.
Bt. Petersburg is well known to be an open city
tsietirtifications of Cremated% which protect %
strong, are accurately known, and may be
carried at a given loss by hostile fleets. From the
=barbs of St. Petersburg up to the Golf of Bothnia ex-
tends the principality of Finland for eleven hundred
miles. The inaccessible interior is rook, river, and
forest. Its roads and lines of communication lie
along the shore, and may be anywhere intersected by
a victorious fleet. The sympathies of the Finns are
entirely with the Swedes, even in those portions occu-
pied by Russia for near a century and a half. In
Sweden, from the Sound to the frontier of Lapland,
from the hat to the palace, from the child to the grey-
beard, " the recovery of Finland " is the day dream if
its whole people. King OSCAR, however well disposed
towards Ansa, it is well known has been obliged in
deference to this prejudice repeatedly in private to
give this national toast. Twenty-four hours after
war should be declared between Rods and this
country the Swedish government most follow the
example, ands penalty of universal insurrection. In
such a case the subsidised Swedes could set on foot
for offensive purposes 100,000 disciplined men, per
the most warlike that Europe furnishes, bat cer-
tainly, in the judgment of those who know both
armies, such as no similar Russian force could cope
with. If we suppose the defences of Cronstadt to
have been destroyed, the capital itself would lie at the
mercy of a battle which such an army, though inade-
quate to penetrate into the interior, would be well cal-
ealated to win. In the Black Sea the destruction of
Sebastopol or Odessa is equally feasible. The power
of the Crare, however much multiplied, is now the
power of brute force, and of the terrors it inspires. It
is dependent on opinion. With the capture of Mos-
cow their cause was not lost ; bat any striking event
which to-day destroyed the prestige of invincibility
would far and near convert into overwhelming ac-
tivity the latent antipathies and passive hate of half
the motley races and various classes whom the
Emperor's rule oppresses. Fourteen millions of
Poles in Poland and the Polish provinces of Russia,
regarding the Emperor at this hour with as much
horror as the Prince of Evil,—the inhabitants of the
Baltic provinces, whether German barons or Let-
tonian mrs,—the impatient Covacks,—the Moldo-
Walachian% who made their revolution the other day
against Russian influence, and the Finns whom
affection for Sweden five-and-thirty years' separation
has not been able to alienate, might all, as occasion
offered, rise on such a signal. The Serbs, Bulgarians
and Sciavonians, whose good will the Russian cabinet
has cultivated so long, show manifest signs, to all
who watch them, that the hour, its star began to
wane, would see them ranged with its opponents.
At home there remains to be considered a peasantry,
the most prone to pacific occupations and unwarlike
stony in the world—a trading slam, which naturally
detests the military bureaucracy to which it crouches
—a nobility, of which, five-and-twenty years ago, a
vast majority, was implicated, and is supposed
to be again in conspiracy, against the
absolutism which grinds it in the dna; and, lastly, of
an innumerable army, divested of all martial inclina-
tion, of which it may suffice to my that, in the
opinion of those 000vereant with its teeing, out of
every thousand of its number, from the colonel to the
trumpeter, nine hundred and ninety-nine, if freed
from compulsion, would for ever quit its ranks—an
army which leeks together the whole system, but
whose uncongenial elements might be speedily re-
delved into inorganic confusion by the effectof a great
reverse or a startling blow.

NEw ZEALAND

r. Yesterday a

rusing was held in Birmientant, under the muftis of
ord Lynette*, Mr. Adderley, M P., and Ober gentlemen
who have takes pert in the promotion of the " Canterbury
Settlement," In Now Zealand: the *et wee he said la-
termation este the principle and detailed the pion ow width ,1
isionisatic.n of this settlement is telpseed Is be esai.
desk& Kr. Felix Wakefield attended answer Jewellike,
nal the Hon. Fred. Gough presided. Lord Lyttellel pies
• general sketch of the project. His lordship ado the pre.
moon of the Canterbury settlement had est it on lees
with a desire to nalise some settlement which shoubi
men worthily represent society in its best views,
es to be found in this country more rompleeely
.ban had ever been attempted boron in eoleekatioa. 'ffa
earry out this, a principal object had been mi wan NM
site which should give to uninents a secure ponowdea is
their purchases of land ; this was en weavenee not always
Riven to ookaists, and many persons on going out to New i
Zealand sad other colonies bad exparieneed the greatest
embarratament and difficulty. Now, upon the Canterbury
settlement, there was no longer this drawback ; the land was I
secured, sad wu situate in the southern province of the I
middle island on the Endure gout of New Zealand.
The title eras complete In um respect ; that of the
natives was extinguished, and • Grown grant had'
been made to the purchases. The settlement wined
comprise about 2,400,000 sores of lend, which was
offered for sale at U. per sore. It must be distinctly under-
stood that this was • church undertaking, and must Oen-
fore be confided etrietly to members of the church of
Ragland; it wee also euntliel peat of the undertaking,
that all the adventagee of charebniechook, and clergy, waled
be provided for the drat batik of @Migrants. For the net
be had oaly to state that the lead wee already in pee.
session of the association, and that local agents wield to
stationed is large townkr the pupae of affordieg infor-
mation on the subject.—Mr. Ad easy, PIP., maid that he
regarded this as one of the greatest enterprises of the pre.
sent time. He oondasued the attempt to govern alma
and fully matured colonies from the home enentry. He
hoped that seek Weald would at the, proper time be
'busted with the rights of eitisetlibip, flitbout which no
okay would prosper. With retinues' to this Nang •
elinneh enterprise ," the hon. gentleman said that this
gaud sot be regarded as savouring of intelerenew, the tam-
sen had been adopted as en element of encores, and, in fact,
the Presbyterians end Roman Catholtie had settlements of
thek own—la reply to • question fr. in the Rev. H. Bellaire,
nwidatendeat of the government schools in Warwickshire;
Lea Lygielisa add Met Kr. Godly had gone out for the en-
peas purses( anklet suitable 'prodder for the rteeptioa
of dm leisure'. sat Whet wainents on their arrivaL-41r.
Adler* (lam* telitholoqaditite) add that there was no
doubles webs eusellihiset tae dikes° the land. That, to feet,'
• had Meta' the waives ter 1,00 W., sad =bee
raw* bum • MN eimpeay by she crews, whtt a
reeseleet% fit is aline.—hem the datinisets
l* aside a lavemabis imitiedia wee missed relative to this
Pal .

THE EXPRESS, wymNgsray gvENING. JANUARY 80, 1850.
%pea mod et go • • '-liotaral dual.
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andilt.
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True, ot teed errs, Or The Alan wbirb awl Porreara . iummnabled In Melie-Wellechie sad Semearebie ea the nail
Told* Iheedus, The whew 4hab was ersa6w
Bet how aottfunbeeltir otherwiee.hoteeed ,se will
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preadaemmt.,l"ll.74;l•44l Ilsesassaasas."7 "1"47r4 Wall; dadia'ddeldlia and then is ream to believe that visited
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how Its &rim.
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able to at! seals et the-ober watt. bat they art Oa ajeWhie metal thet
:=l:f *eased the asimeivitylker &Ott
les ins °Will the pulls the pan shed& asslyse huailiarly the &am
Pr Pr b 7 the yelp,tiat bat lasuriseith"ll saps,BlBll4biai ar °W
Maar the date 4 the atessapaaylal letter. Pallor arm& sad wiehasee eta pewee which, it it should A
Prgedei !re° ar =asthma. The—Thi• 1300.. het. eeeletli fee niLit•Lit rrtitTtoh-taitkidn be the luta