The Northern Daily Times.
Liverpool, Merseyside, England, 1856-08-21 00:00:00

THE NORTHERN TIMES.---LIVERPOOL, THURSDAY

ijrli CA

CASHIRE ASSIZES.-YE

CROWN COURT

RDAY. homicidal monomania, that doctrine had been set aside a long
time since ; and as to the act having been done when the
prisoner was drunk, he could only repeat the observations he
had made in the former case, which he did, and that in the
most solemn manner—that drunkenness was no excuse for
crime. His Lordship then read over the evidence, and left it
for the jury to give their verdict. The jury retired, and, after
being absent for about an hour, requested his Lordship to
answer the following question :—" If the prisoner did not
intend to kill the deceased, yet his acts of violence lead to her
death, is that murder in the eye of the law ?" His Lordship,
having explained the exact law on the point, said : If the jury
were of opinion that the prisoner jumped upon her, that would
be murder; but if they were of opinion that he was drunk, and
fell upon the deceased, then that would be manslaughter.
The jury again retired, but soon after returned into court, and
requested his lordship to answer "yes or no." Hie Lordship said
he could not do it, without adding something more to qualify
the question. In answer to the jury, the surgeon said he
thought that the injuries to the woman had been occasioned by
the prisoner falling upon her, rather than by his jumping upon,
as there would, in all probability, have been some external marks
of violence from the shoes. The jury again retired, and in a
short time returned into court with a verdict of guilty of
manslaughter. The prisoner was sentenced to bo transported
for the term of his natural life.
FRAUDS BY A RAILWAY CASHIER.—WiIIiam Parsonage,
the late sub cashier to the London and North Western
Railway Company, was then called up on his recognisances,
having been admitted out on bail since he was committed for
trial by the magistrates. Having answered to his name, the
prisoner was placed at the bar, when the indictments was real,
charging binwith having defrauded the Railway Company
while in their employ, to which he pleaded " not guilty." The
prisoner was then placed upon his trial for having, at Liver-
pool, defrauded his employers, the London and North
Western Railway Company, of several sums of money, vary-
ing from to £9. The prosecution was conducted by Mr.
Monk and Mr. Simon, and Mr. James, Q.C., with whom was
Mr. Brett, appeared for the prisoner. In stating the case to
the jury, the learned counsel was understood to say, that
he should simply confine himself to laying a brief outline
of the facts before the jury. In the year 1851. the
Prisoner held a situation of considerable importance,
trust, and confidence, being a clerk and sub-cashier. He
had the investigation of all claims for compensation for loss
or damage to goods by that line, and the payment thereof.
The system adopted was, for the prisoner to investigate
claims, write the result of such enquiry, and have it coun-
tersigned by the goods manager, Mr. Salter, who had since
absconded. This document, when so signed, was forwarded to
London, investigated by the sub-finance committee, and was
then returned to the prisoner for payment, with an advance
note to the bank of the several sums to he paid. When
the compensations were paid, it was the prisoner's duty to
make an entry in a book kept for that purpose, and present
vouchers to the head cashier, in the usual way of business.
The prisoner had, however, kept his books very irregularly,
keeping large balances in his hand. In 1851, some
goods were forwarded by Mr. Tinsley, of Wolverhampton,
per this line to Liverpool. Some time after, a claim was
presented for £5 for injury done to them in the usual
way. The claim was investigated by the prisoner, allowed
through his representations, and the money was paid—at least
the company was debited with the amount. Upon enquiry it,
however, turned out that no such claim had been made, that
the goods had not been damaged, and that Mr. Tinsley, whose
receipt the prisoner produced, had been dead for three months,
and that the whole affair was a forgery. The next offence, was
a claim of £2 10s, purporting to be from Mr. John Rogers,
carrier of Liverpool, for alleged damage to a truss of goods in
transit from:Manchester. The third was for a similar amount,
for 100 dozen of paper in transit from London to Liverpool.
This was the nature of the charges against the prisoner, which
would he proved in evidence. Several witnesses were called
to prove the opening statement of the learned counsel.
The witnesses examined were chiefly those who were
produced before the magistrates. Cousins, the detective officer,
proved that he had personally served Mr. Braithwaite Poole,
the goods manager of the company, with a subpoena to attend
the trial for the prosecution. Mr. Poole was then called on
his recognisances, but did not answer. Cousins was then
examined. He stated that when he arrested the prisoner,
and on their way to the police office, the prisoner said to
him, that others high in office were equally involved as well
as himself, and that where he had taken shillings Mr.
Braithwaite Poole had taken pounds. The witness was
severely cross-examined by Mr. James, as to his recollection of
this conversation, but his evidence remained unshaken. This
was the case for the prosecution. Mr. James then addressed
the jury for the defence. He said he confessed he did not
know how his learned friend had come to say that the prisoner
at the bar was guilty of the charge brought against him. His
learned friend had not condescended to show them in what
way the case of stealing had been made out, and, in fact, in the
course of his (IJr. James's) experience he never knew a case
resembling it. It was said that the prisoner at the bar had,
upon certain occasions, being at the time a servant in the
employment of the company, received into his possession
certain monies, which he then stole. There had been, no doubt,
great irregularities on the part of Slater, the cashier, who had
absconded, and he prisoner at the bar, in the conduct of
their duties, and there could be no doubt, also, but that the
company had suffered greatly from those irregularities. But
that was not the question here. The prisoner was charged
with felony, but no irregularity or negligence on his
part could he taken as a proof of the truth of the
accusation. The learned gentleman proceeded to analyse the
duties which the prisoner had to perform, and argued that
the mere fact of a claim being in his handwriting should
not tell against him. Any party who called at the office to
make a claim might have requested him to write it, or he
might have written it at the instance of Salter, who was his
leerier officer, and whose orders he was bound to obey. His
• acknowledgement of the receipt of the amount of
claims in question were also urged against him ;
in his (counsel's) opinion nothing could be
more in his favour than those very receipts. They were
openly written—they were then handed to his superior officer—
they underwent other investigations, and was it to be supposed
that any man in his senses would have submitted, under such
circumstances, fictitious or improper documents which were of
such easy detection. The claims were all forwarded to
:the
finance committee of the company in London—they have the
initials bf Mr. Braithwaite Poole, and the fact that Mr. Poole
had not been produced to prove that those initials were forged
was the strongest evidence that could be adduced in favour of
the prisoner. The learned counsel analysed in, a like manner,
the other charges against the prisoner, and urged that the fair
probability was that he had been the victim of the misconduct
of Salter. He expressed the highest regard for Mr. Poole,
whose respectability he did not doubt, but urged that the
parade of calling him on subpoena had been a mere farce. He
was still the servant of the company, and could have been
produced for the prosecution had they so chosen. His lord-
ship then summed up. The jury, after consulting together for
a few minutes, returned a verdict of acquittal.
SECOND TRIAL.—The prisoner was then placed upon his
trial, on a charge of stealing the sum of £9 3s. 2d., the pro-
perty of his employers. Mr. Monk, in opening this case for
the prosecution, said he did not disagree with the verdict given
on the late trial, as he himself felt that some portion of it was
unsatisfactory and inconclusive, and had he not had another
case, in which he thought that vacancy in the evidence was
filled up, he would not have again occupied their time. This
case differed materially from the last, that was an unfounded
claim, this is a real and substantial claim. In 1855, a claim
was made by Mr. Edgeley, for goods damaged, to the amount of
£9 3s. 2d.. He should produce a letter in the prisoner's
handwriting with regard to this claim, to Messrs. Chaplin and
Horne, the forwarding carriers, stating that the company
had no objection to meet the claim half way. Mr. Edgeley
did receive £7 as compensation, not of the prisoner, but of
Messrs. Chaplin and Co. Yet they would find that, on the
22nd of February, the prisoner sent in a claim to the com-
pany for the £9 3e. 2d., and they would find that he did
receive that amount, and entered it in the book, and
the name of Edgeley was there in the handwriting of
the prisoner ; therefore, in this case, there could not
be the slightest doubt but that the prisoner had
received that money, and that he had stolen it: The
learned counsel then proceeded to call the several witnesses
necessary to prove the case, but in order to abridge the time
as much as possible, the statements of the witnesses given
in the last case were read over. The receipt for the £9,
purporting to be signed by a person named Harrison, on behalf
of Messrs. Edgeley, was proved to be a forgery, as no such
person was, or had been, in their employ. Upon this receipt
the company had paid the prisoner the amount, Mr. Brett
briefly addressed the jury, on behalf of the prisoner, con-
tending that this case was not stronger than the last, therefore
he called upon them to do the same as they did in the last
case, against the prisoner. His lordship then summed up the
evidence, after which, the jury, after retiring for about ten
minutes, again acquitted the prisoner.
The Lunn INDICTMENT for felony was withdrawn, but the
council for the prosecution intimated that it was their intention
to proceed with the indictment for conspiracy. His lordship
said, in his practice it Was usual to put the best leg forward.
The prisoner had been already.acquitte4 twice, from the absence
of Mr. B. Poole, and it was somewhat strange for them to go
on with another case. At any rate he would let the
gentlemen have the night to re-consider the matter,
The court did not adjourn until half-past nine.

(BEFORE MR. JUSTICE WILLIS.)
Pr ec
114 Lordship took his seat on the bench this morning
isely at nine o'clock.
trTete PExwxcit STREET MURDER.—MiIes Melia, aporteoro,
es I)2laheedep the bar, charred with having, at Liverpool,F
July, felonious 'y
Mr.
• ' killed and murdered Francis
Welsh. Mr. Brett appeared for the prosecution, and
48pinall for the prisoner. The former gentleman having
plated the
flyerresponibility devolved on all parties inthe pre. -
leet trial, bri arrated the facts, which will be found in
the
feliewine evidence :—Martin Kelly, a carpenvteedr,m.seaidandl
e_Waa: acquainted with the deceased, who was a stevedore
porter.
flea ter lumper I knew the prisoner, who is a. c.
lio" the 12th of July I was in the Brunswiek.buildindgss,aamhoeuet
tere The deceased was there, he came free]. tohwearlaoo,Twhere
Met, and stood close by my side. That isast
there,p but he
~e°"l porters usually stand. The prisoner
w While we were
'lll.not
.see him until the. deceased came.
said there, the prisoner came up to the the deceased and
The deceased
1i.a,11 I don't think you know me now.
1,..4"' "I do not recollect you." The prisoer said "we have
, e
Died many a hard day together." The deceased replied
,p 1 do not think that, for I never was able
htaoved,o hard
and a
deli' uPen which the prisoner said
The
3,0--11
od worrying rascal you arc to you'rgmyeesnl,Waenid
eI
,w, ill give
d ne punch of the lug before
prisoner to go about
yotuheleave t ier ~
il,eased then turned away, and told .
is en •
he did not know him. The prisoner said
it amesa, as
I,Yea, but I do know you, your name is Welsh," and then ho
•rnitelt the deceased a blow on the face. The deceased
toltlia'"cl away, saying he would give him in charge of a police-
e; n. The Prisoner then followed the deceased, and struck
him
"'et anotherblow on the side of his head, whichmade
into
wagger,
het he did not fall. The deceased then walked . "wick Street, and looked for a policeman, but there was
tot „e
e(„, there. The prisoner followed him and said " yes,
n.,•"(11. I will find a policeman," and then got in front of
itt-, altd struck him a blow on the face or throat, which
ttvilearaeeklieftitinhgim flat
upon
his back, on the parapet. The people
him up when the prisoner reached over and g t
Tiniscreased another blow as he was sit ing on the parapeer..
Art blow was struck in the same place as the f
Loie! that the prisoner rushed among the persons whoorrwmtewroe
oedtlit'lg the deceased, and struck him another blowo
on
the ee head. The deceased was picked up, and placedrisoner
atreraraPet• Ile moaned a little, and then the
back deceased the deceased another blow, which laid him flat on his
toay, 'lnd he never stirred again. The prisoner
then ran
th• The deceased was taken upon some men's shoulders he de. infirmary, from there to his own home, where
s
Palled le" en the Monday afternoon. So,m, e persons
As • out
, Prisoner " there is a man murdered, an Aspinal, Was Pursued and taken into custody. By Mr.
Tee d ' • them were a great many persons standing about
hoe cecnatied was a smaller man than the prisoner. No persond
I,eriri)ered with the deceased or the prisoner, until the decease
lieci been knocked down twice. By the jury : The prisoner
ni0:1 ',eine drink, but ho was not drunk. Richard Clarke,
Iltarior'n,tnaker, was alled, and fully corroborated the above
n the The sur eon of the North Dispensary stated that
t'll -e uaY of et occgurrence the deceased was brought to him
Lit ;leinensihle sate. There were several external wounds on
the
wad, evidently from a series of blows or falls. He dressedarm,
day he caw
and sent him borne. In the evening of thea sina.
Coe of lb"' him dead. He had made a post mortem !xi mi.roo2
111 mitt' bedY since, and found that the deceased
.diet
8_
Ponds with
of blood on the brain, the clots on which corrtehe
jn ''' with the external marks. Mr. Aspinall addressed.
0_
ter7 en behalf e
'e pro et the prisoner arguing that the h.ypothesis f
a tecution were not such as a jury would think of finding
Arras it
for the awful offence with which he stood charged.
p"risoait natural to suppose that without the least cause, thed
neverer would go up to a man, it was pretended he had
death refl. and inflict the blows upon him which caused hist
die., Ite then contended that he should be enabled to pu
to
Prove een vie_
I, " upon the case, as he should adduce evidence
toeeti that
the deceased and the prisoner had been drinking
anti mere' in a Public house in the morning, and that then they
kid edileewerda about wages, which the deceased bad to pay,.
ter enakc." Was the cause of the quarrel, and lead to the !Tee
that th ing a violent attack upon the deceased. He admitted
there
_e Prisoner had caused the death of the deceased, but.
stereo:: a nothing to show that he had done so with malice
fore, th ?Ott which constituted the crime of murder; there-
called
b7!'•itnes 'verdict must be one of manslaughter. He then
eses who spoke to the deceased and prisoner being
e ,Pnblic he P
, ao:maY s tea 00e, When the latter asked the former for. a half-
tveire:ile?bettetd, which
,he refused to pay, because he said he was
which led the prisoner to strike deceased.
eleelie witnessee were called, who gave the prisoner an
quill nt character. Mr Bute replied on the whole case,
Teaultg uPe"
iltd,,h,i
and
afttehrehejaurriyngto. do their duty fearlessly as to the
the law as would be laid down by his
et in:el t° after
whether the prisoner had been guilty of murder
reside
e'atleher. his Lordship then proceeded to sum theup
INN') e* lie said the prisoner was charged with the wilful
tptner of the deceased. In the course of the evidence it had
Ites, l'tngzested that, at the time the act was done, the prisoner.
aueg„,eeetenae extent, in drink. Whenever that plea is
° thtut he always felt it his duty to lay down the law clearly
erin,e," Point. Drunkenness was no justification for any
lter
i„' thie'efere, if even the prisoner was drunk, it cannot
le, " toc least the character of the offence he has committed.
oil o_ ,
kitted "'mid be of opinion that any offence has been corn-
he dee'w.aa he to state the law was otherwise, he should only
tak-'•elv" the public, as no man had a right voluntary to
1 urt'rrteniat which would excite him, and cause him to be more
the de,'_°_toc• The prisoner was accused of causing the death of
Wassei"ted, and the questions they would have to
,c
If
tees it e the prisoner
cause the death of the deceased .
41 lird e r One without any provocation ? if so, it would be
thee • ; hut, if there bad been provocation, then
thee it would only be manslaughter. His Lordship
etreproceeded to recapitulate the evidence, upon which he
,otneind several comments, with a view of assisting the jury in
eohiljta,? a eight conclusiOn. The jury, after a few minutes
Ili Lo'l°,l. returned a verdict of guilty of manslaughter.
eewad'rdilhiPt having expressed his disgust at the abominable
said it 'ee) act cruelly shown by the prisoner to the deceased,
totoitit"'.aa one of the most aggravated assaults that could be
Penieh Led, and sentenced him to be transported for life, a
frequent/1 nt that was rendered absolutely necessary, from the
7,llltcY of such cowardly attacks being made.
~letne_ ,M•pnnEß oF A WOMAN IN RICHMOND-STREET.a7
Op 4,
e'll'": godson Jones aged 45, described as a warehouse-rely;
Asien,„ged with the wilful murder of Isabella Brew. . I •
coedit.'" aPPeared for the prosecution, and Mr. T. Atkinson
heel ,eeted the defence for the prisoner. During the
l
eeee.';,fine _ prisoner wept bitterly, and seemed tol fede
Wineiao:l t
°lithe awful position in which he wads
and the
1411,30e_ ,9 land, a carter, stated that the decease
to be
1111 t%ged at his house, and were relatives, and were aboutd
eonain arried. On the 26th of April I recollect the decease
fit Pit liege h,°uns from the market. She was in good health. She
ter f-„easket on the table in the kitchen, The prisoner soon
theut!toWed her into the house. The prisoner was in
doOp to „into. 'Without a word being spoken the prisoner walked
to
deceased and struck her a blow which knocked her
tit e • She fell upon her back. She did not stir, I spoke to
rtee,iirlaerier and said, 4, you will kill the old woman," upon
d he replied, " Ire., and you too," and he then knocked
haek°:;,. When I got up I went for a policeman. I
Icahmaed
Tedto i'i!ueut one, because 424 refused to come, although
iot:'l3 what had occurred. When I went. back
1 •tenee and the deceased were in the kitchen.
ehe ehr•ae her lying on the floor, on her back, but
kid was 't been removed to another part of the. kitchen,
aiter,,lYing on her side in a pool of blood. The prisoner was
ley 80° ou the sofa. I went to the door and stood ther.edunthtie
4seek arid another lodger came home, when we carrie _
ealledld uPstairs and placed her in bed. The next day
0I
eereain n Mrs. Cross, and after that sent for a surgeon. We
flight rued nn with her all night. This was on the. S
4ed afteranti she died on the Monday night, never having left the
last We Placed her there. For the prisoner : Some time heedllurntece the prisoner had a piece of wood fall upon .
Me, when the prisoner had any drink it had a peculiar
bh,- 'Vera him. On this night he was much excited, and
se•r` nred to be in an uncontroulable rage. Afterwards he
„..I)Peared deepy to regret what had occurred, and repeatedly
t'leot to see the deceased, he washed her face and wept. Some
11.4 W since the prisoner lost a son, which had a great effect on
Intonnt kiln&
Awhile we were carrying the deceased upstairs the
er sat the sofa and did not speak. James Holland,
',e son of the lest witness corroborated the above state-
'tient, as to %%slating • l ' fully
Cross was then called.
in carrying tho deceased to bed. Mee.
the deceased the piu.neSho said while she was attending upon
me into the room, and she said td
uir, "Jones, what a brucat
woman in this way--what ere you enn.st be tio, use the poor old
oot know, it ems de it for ? e said he did
the cursed drink.. The daughter
nf the deceased came to see her
When she told her that tee the Sunday,
h° she and • ned upon her twice, prisoonner had beate_
,5554 jurn,
called : She 'aid
41 he daughter of the. d
so. w. next
a bad asked the prisoner
'Mt he had done, and he said, "ha could not help it," Her
kother afterwards told her that thce_iiph,reisohno;rsehsaudrebeeoanteonfhsert,.
'''.4:l li,ad jumped upon her
:twice.
• ne a Dispensai•y stated On Sunday night he svas called
ittonlo, see the deeeaeed. She was then in a .re
We_ then erxyamhinedstabtee;
to" he called in Dr. Nottingham.
aritt:thier. her collar bone and several of her ribs wereTbhreoek7:
ltie B',e had many contusions on various parts of her body
oo dill:int:id° a pea mortem examination of the body.
Lea et but that she died from the effects. of the injuries she
the' re.ceived. Tie policeman said that when lie nperehended
huri"nec he said. " Oh, Bella, Bella, what have I done t
the, Will you forgive me ?" She said, " yes. M Atkinson
nil
the
dire the jury on behalf of the pi ieoner, arguingr. thatwas
tie ,e° circumstances of this case went to show that there
was
eturd .
in 4 fit emus intent; but went to show that the prisonerhe had
teeeiv_,of temporary insanity, brought on by the blow
to,
," en the head and drink. Therefore, if they believed
fo "Y would ' ,
llr et.return such a e—
e, e• •-• •

writter,

NISI PRITJS COURT.
Jr. 3 Baron BRAMWELL entered the COurt at nine o'clock

yesterday morning.
RICHMOND O. PRDIVSE.—The hearing of this case was
the"?3e_cl. After Mr. James, Q C., had addressed the jury for
for
cl, fence, and witnesses had been examined, the jury found
the defendant,
TterßAClN°Bit AHD OTHERS V. M'CLUNE AND OTNEE.S.—
joh111:01::"Iziff: In this ease were Messrs. Grainger, Bristow, and
M'Clune arirdc'ts, of Liverpool, and the defendants Messrs.
Watson, Qc.,
ulTtin:Plio, shipowners, also of this port. Mr.
and Mr. James, QC, Methspland, appeared for the plaintiffs,
The action was brought
to
Mr. Millwao recover £lssr3s 9d ford, for the
the defen
valdueantof
s.
a chain cable lost out of a
the defendants were part oswi:nuae:rteiworoycalled the Loire, of which
waTsaliecyaswephfo,r the plaintiffs
was, that in December, 1854, tl.
entered into an agreement
, the
g.eanchors and chain cables
with the defendants to take
freight
antdbenthel
to a vessel belonging to them
Constantinople. A bill oi'lading
drawn. up, and signed by
the defendant; the plaintiffs paid the
lying
gainast

- ae confined
ve-aict ana
,ri =Jut there was cl'iance that' it was an accident ; that
ja.ri,!","
},might have fallen upon her, and caused the
I,,rac-t'eteat caused her death. Witnesses we►e called as to
c'hsq,,,„,,' 1110 Lordship, in summing up the evidence,
%/Ibth4 that the ques ion they would have to consider was,
trem.,." the prisoner had been guilty of wilful murder. The
Ivel,_" Part of the observations of the counsel for the prisoner
the;Zat'z'erwithout foundation; for there was no proof that
usn ever received a blow on the head, and, as to

he wouk

and cables were conveyed in defendants' steamer to PHILADELPHIA. AND LIVERPOOL.
Constantinople. The captain of the Sea Nymph took lighters
to the other steamer to carry away the anchors, but at
that time they could not be got at. A few days after [From the Philadelphia North American, Aug. 7.]
the parties on board the Loire brought lighters of their own lln concluding a recent article on " Water Communica-
te convey the anchors and chains to the Sea Nymph. In tt tions "we remarked that the subject grew upon our
getting out the chains and anchors, one chain slipped over the 4 hands, and we should take occasion to allude to it again.
side, and sank to the bottom of the Bospherous. The case We regret that the difficulty of arriving at precise details
for the defence was, in the first place, that the defendant at =prevents us from using the statistics of commerce in
the time had chartered the vessel to Messrs. Crockford, for treating of this topic. We had hoped to be able to
present some authentic figures,. showing the progress of
whom they were only acting as agents, and were, therefore
Philadelphia trade in the various branches we designed
not personally liable, and ; in the second place, that the loan
of the chain had occurred by the carelessness of the plaintiff's treating of. But, as this is not possible, we must be-con-
tent to write in a more general way. In foreign corn-
own people, in receiving the chains and cables on board the merce, Philadelphia has d. generated sadly from the
lighters. The jury found for the plaintiffs for the amount glory of her palmy days, when nearly the whole of the
claimed. His Lordship remarked that there was no contra- foreign and domestic trade of the country seemed to be
diction in the evidence, and that the statements of the concentrated here, as in a focus. Such changes, however,
principal parties were quite reconcilable with each other. have occurred in all ages and climes. The great com-
Bourom AND WIFE, EXECUTORS v. Hoeers.—This was mercial marts of to-day are no longer such tomorrow.
an action brought by the executors of a person named Mary Who that now surveys the ruined fastnesses of that
strange place, Edom in the desert, would imagine that it
Sharpies, deceased, a person in humble circumstances and
illiterate, who had been a servant-of-all-work during her life, had ever been one of the greatest and most flourishing
cities in the world? But such it was, though
the case for the plaintiffs was, that in 1853, the deceased Commercial
when the pathways of intercourse and trade changed, it
woman was entitled to a share of £l,BOO, under a will. The fell, as others have since fallen. In regarding our own
deceased's share amounted to about £lOO, and that of her condition, however, we find no reason to despond. The
brother to about £lOO more. The defendant, with another . course of trade has changed, and our port misses from its
party named Duckworth, was an executor under the will of docks and wharves the sails of a commerce which has of
Mary Fielding, the testator, from whose will the £l,BOO was late years grown to extraordinary proportions. But the
derived, and was stated to have also taken an active City itself is full of fife and vigour, and with a vastly
part in the management of the affairs of the deceased, and of increased and constantly growing population, has never,
several other persons who claimed shares in to amount along at any former period,
We
hbeenave lost the h
at all so prosperousul ofthe
oer
with her. The defendant accordingly went with deceased
flourishing as now.
and her brother to the office of Messrs. Robinson,
of the inter foreien traden because it depended upon the depot
al commerce, which was changed by
solicitors, of Blackburn, to receive the money. The
defendant appeared exceedingly anxious to receive the move the construction of the Erie Canal. But we have not
on behalf of deceased, Mary Sharpies, and her brother. H
y idly sei n this effected, and done nothing to help ourselves.
e Let our great and expensive system of canals and rail-
was informed, however, that the money could not he paid to ways, the immense development of the domestic iron and
any but the legatees, and, accordingly, the money was handed coal trade, and the large increase of borne manufac-
over in his presence to Mary Sharpies and her brother. Im - tures here, attest the zeal and industry with
mediately, on its being paid to Mary Sharpies, she handed it which Philadelphia has laboured to supply her losses.
over to defendant—retaining only £2 in her own possession. What, then, have the later efforts of this city in her
Some time after she grew ill, and, it appeared, received some attempts to rival New York been directed to? The
small sums out of the money deposited with defendant to pay explanation is easy. We are unwilling to believe that theforeign trade which has passed away from us cannot be
expenses. The sickness ended in death, and shortly after
defendant was called upon by the executors of Mar Shan restored. To serve as a basis for its recovery, an ex-
y
Pies, tended and comprehensive system of railways has been
under a will which she had made previous to her death, to built, and this, with its ramifications constantly increas-
pay over the money he held in his hands belonging to the ince pours in upon us the riches of the mighty West. If
estate of the deceased. Defendan.'s reply was that he held railways alone could bring about the desired change, it
no money belonging to the estate of deceased, and the present ought to have happened to us. But we have looked fur it
action was accordingly brought. Mr. Seger appeared for the in vain, and it is obvious that something else remains to
plaintiff, and Mr. Atherton, Q.O , for the defendant. The be done to achieve the restoration. It is now pretty evi-
defence was that, under the will of Mary Fielding, a very con- dent that what we aim at can never be brought about
siderable surplus remained in addition to the £l,BOO, of which merely by railroads,"efficient as they may be in controlling
the deceased was entitled to a share, and that the deceased
Water communications being, as and directing the currents of commercial intercourse.
handed over the £lOO to defendant by an express arrangement
shown, at all times and under a we have previously
ll circumstances, the
that it was to be devoted to the purpose of carrying on a suit in cheapest for the transaction of heavy freight business,
chancery to recover the property not accounted for. It was must serve as the main channels of trade. The knowledge
alleged that defendant had actually paid away a sum equal of this fact seems to be somewhat obscured in these latter
to or exceeding the sum claimed of him, in taking steps to recover days by the railway mania, but, nevertheless, it is begin-
the property, and the sums which he furnished to deceased ning to be once more apparent. It ought to stimulate us
during her illness, were stated to have been advanced by him to increase our navigable channels in the interior, and
out of compassion for her position. The defendant was doubtless it will, at no distant day. At present ourdesiz
is to call attention to the great ocean highways, which
examined, and positively deposed that deceased and her
brother gave him their money for the purpose of "looking up" keels of our merchantmen. Pathless as it is, the courses
not need improvement, but lie always open and free to the
the estate not accounted for, which, it appeared, was derived of trade upon the wide Atlantic are yet well known and
by testator, Mary Fielding, under the will of a person named distinctly marked. One of them, the chief of all, because
Holstead. The defendant stated that he told deceased and it is taversed by the great bulk of the American com-
ber brother that if the suit should swallow up all their money mercer claims our first attention. We allude to the inter-
they must not blame him, and that they replied he might course between England and the United States, as carried
spend it all in " looking up" the estate. Several other witnesses on through Liverpool. That fine port has become
were examined, who deposed that they also had derived shares the great centre of-the commerce.betweenatshe East and
r
of the £l,BOO, under Mary Fielding's will, and in precisely a
similar manner deposited their shares with defendant, to be country takes from the British factories and workshops
quantities of manufactured goods. For
We.st, and it will no doubt continue so long as
spent in " looking up" the missing property. One witnesses
based the greatness of the Liverpool trade.
stated that, although he deposited his money for that purpose, That place is the entrepot through which the factory
suconnetnhoartnLous
he had not the least idea what the amount of the missing estate townsreceive their supplies of food, as well as of cotton,
was, or what his prospective share in it might be. Evidence wool, and other raw materials, and it is the port through
was given to show that the costs of the suit, which was still which they ship the goods made from the latter. It is
going on, would amount to some £4OO, and that was a also the grand head quarters for the embarkation of emi-
reasonable claim of recovering some thousands, to be divided grants. In endeavouring to regain our lost foreign among the the parties entitled under Mary Fielding's will. The mercial supremacy, we must, therefore, first direct our
jury found a verdict for the plaintiff. attention to Liverpool. New York owes a large portion
STOCKS V. HAlGn.—This was an action to recover £135 of her prosperity to the remarkable development of this
,
for half a year's rent of a stone quarry on laud belonging to the branch of intercourse. It has given to her nine.tenf hs of
Plaintiff. Mr. Watson, Q C., Mr. Atherton, Q.O , Mr,
the whole emigration business of the country,
which,
Addison and Mr. Bay, appeared for the plaintiff, and Mr,
though fraught with many evils, is yet the source of un-
told wealth. Statistics are not needed to prove this. We
Hugh Hill, QC , Mr. Manesty and Mr. Millward for the have frequently presented our readers with regular state-
defendant. A verdict was taken on the suggestion of his ments, showing the extent to which our neighbour has
Lordship, subject to a reference to decide the question in- become the almost sole port of entry for foreign emigra-
volved. tion. No effort of consequence has yet been made by
Several cases, which followed in order, were either struck Philadelphia to enter into competition in this particular.
out, the parties not appearing, or withdrawn. There being Our regular lines of Liverpool packets are always well
no cases then ready for hearing the court adjourned at half-
, filled with passengers, but the ships are so few in number,
past four o'clock. His Lordship stated that he would proceed and the trips so unfrequent when compared with the New
York packets, that it cannot be considered competition
with the hearing of the common jury cases this morning, at all. We do not even bring hither in our own ships all
until the hour fixed for beginning the special jury cases the passengers bound for Philadelphia, for it is notorious
arrived.
that many thousands of those who reach New York are
destined for our city. On several occasions the captains
of New York emigrant ships have taken the trouble to
enquire the destination of their passengers, and have
ascertained that a large proportion were seeking
not New York, but Philadelphia, and other parts
of Pennsylvania. Baltimore, and the South and West.
The same thing is true of the transportation of freight.
We have frequently demonstrated the fact by showing
the large amount of trade carried on between Philadelphia
and Liverpool, through the port of New York. Indeed
our merchants import more goods in this way than they
do direct through our own vessels. When we reflect that
it would be much cheaper to get these goods here in
Philadelphia packets, direct from Liverpool, we cannot
but wonder at the sluggish disposition which prevents us
from taking care of our own interests. Several years ago
we had three or four lines of Liverpool sailing packets.
Now we only know of one. Who can tell the number at
New York ? Here we perceive one grand secret of the
success of the foreign trade of the latter city. Its vessels
are very numerous, and always on hand. If no Philadel-
phia packet is in port at Liverpool when a shipper wants
to send goods to his cerrespohdent here, there is sure to
be half a dozen New York vessels, competing so eagerly
for trade, as to take freight on low terms. Our steam line
cannot remedy this, for its freight charges must neces-
sarily be higher. We leave it to our merchants to supply
the omission, simply contenting ourselves with expressing
surprise that, while we maintain constantly so large a
trade with Liverpool, we do but a small portion of it
through vessels sailing to this port. If we would do any-
thing to restore our lost commerce, here is where we must
take the first step, and if we neglect it we may as well
confess the contest hopeless. All the railrords we may
build cannot help us. And unless a remedy be found,
those railroads will but furnish contributions to the
increasing greatness of New York. Our railways and
canals would bring us the breadstuffs export of the teem-
ing West, if we had here the means of shipping it. But
they are shamefully inadequate. And thus, by our
neglect, we lose both foreign and domestic trade. Surely
it is worth an effort on the part of shipowners to compete
for the breadstuffs export trade of our own country, the
emigrant passenger business, and the British import
trade, all of which are carried on through Liverpool, and
by means of sailing vessels. To this end we should have
more packet lines, and all we have must be liberally
encouraged for the sake of the end in view. What we
can do when we try has been fully demonstrated by the
success of our Liverpool steam line.

WEST DERBY UNION

The usual weekly meeting of this board of guardians was
held yesterday at the Board-room, Mill-lane. The Rev. W.
Ridnall presided. The other guardians present were—Messrs.
Edwards, Siddeley, John, Evans. Pickup, Morris, Lunt,
iVensley, Wilson, Shave, Dr. Hume, Redmond, Sagar,
Abrahams, Pitts, Craig, Whitby, and C:illis.
The Clerk reported that he bad examined all the books
kept by the several officers of the union, and found that they
had been made up. He also announced that the balance in
the hands of the Treasurer was £2,593, Iss 7d. Cheques to
the amount of £2OO were voted for the relief the out-door
poor, within the several townships of the union.
The business transacted was purely of a routine character,
and possessed not the slightest public interest.

THE BATTLE OF THE BIBLE

The Postmaster-general has given notice that a mail will
be made up in the General Post Office in the evening of the
24th instant, for the Cape of Good Hope, to be conveyed
b n herocrot
ra tnrt
Majesty'so sloop Camilla.
A pversy has arisen in the Leeds papers as to the
historical question, Who hanged Dove? The
i
debtors in York Castle say it was Thomas Ashren, one
of the debtors; Ashren stoutly denies it.
FORGETFULNESS.—On Friday a lady went into a bathing
machine at Herne Bay, and on her departure left behind a
gold watch worth £25, and a massive gold chain, neither of
which has been since recovered.—Kentish Gazette.
The Gazette of Tuesday night publishes the authorisation
granted to the well!known house of Bovill and Martorell, at
Barcelona, for the formation of a company en commandite,
with a capital of 12,000,000 reals. The Gazette also pub-
lishes the statutes of the new bank at Malaga.
INDIAN ROYALTIES.—The Queen Dowager of Oude,
who is now on her way to this country, is attended by
nine native ladies and an eunuch. The heir apparent to
the throne of Oude, who is with the Queen, is attended
by nine native gentlemen. The brother to the ex-King
of Oude, who is also with the Queen, is attended by
eight native gentlemen. In the suite of the royal family
of Oude are the equerry and secretary to the ex-King,
with sixty-seven followers. There are ten native servants
in attendance on the principal officers and ladies of the
suite. Captain J. R. Brandon is the interpreter. The
stay of the royal family of Oude in Southampton will
be about fourteen days.
A CHILD CHOKED BY A PIECE OF POTATO.--011 Tuesday
Mr. W. Carter, the coroner, held an inquest at the White
Horse Tavern, Brixton Road, on the body of Wsn Jay,
aged about three years. It appeared that on Friday the
deceased's grandmother was feeding him with some
mashed potato, when she suddenly missed half a potato
from her plate. Directly afterwards she heard the
depeased make a noise as if he were choking. The poor
turnedro
malmost
mouth.blac k inr the
Pocock, fa,
aasnuar
surge
tongue
pchroiltdru
an incision in the gullet for the purpose of removing the
child sh
obstruction, but unfortmiately without effect, and the
expired. There was no doubt the child
seized they
an
half of the potato from its grandmother's
plate, and swallowed it unobserved. Verdict—" Acci-
dental Death."
Tlle SPANISHr SOLDIER.—Those who are acquainted
with the character of the Spanish troops know full well
that they are perpetually on the verge of mutiny and
desertion. Nothing but a watchful vigilance on the
part of Narvaez, equal to any,hing that we read of Crom-
well, kept the Spanish military together. Whenever
insurrection threatened„rthey received bribes ; when
temporary grants
proved Inadequate, their increase of
pay was made permanent. In the whole system every-
thing is rotten. There is no sort of depository of moral
authority, whether as against the generals or their troops,
to keep down the exercise of force. Until some radical
reform of the character which I have suggested be
en
adopted, the crown will stand at the mercy of the
gerals, the generals at that of their troops. While
there is no sense of right in the one, there can be no
sense of authority in the other.—. Daily