The Express.
London, England, 1861-03-21 00:00:00

THE EXPRESS, THURSDAY EVENING, MARCH

HA RXONIIIIIB—NEW MODEL.—
cum. sum mg cii.. 111. larsit4tresS.

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f 0 aiIaISPONDLYTS.

14nrttsemalb latroded for •• 1b• Y.:press ' London Inning
Yaprr, b• u the once, 10. Bouveriestreak by Two
smart as OM limy of pabiattoo.

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w maw Mir Y. xt/rilog. Min F.llaydon.—Tt 11011Nti TII
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leeks! —And UNLIT. Ileum redder, Graham. Shore,
Srltora hea.lowa sad Potty. Maas llawurthy. Wes heath.

sr. home.
Tine EVINTNO, MY Wll7lll JOURNAL—THE MLR or ST.
Thor 7.. Hewn. A. Isee and ramery. Me. Ds&lmSare White
KN 1)1,' IoN. Weeny C. Yams sad leineere ; Mimes St.
CilMel, Herbert, aud Somer.—Commence M Imitpeet 7.

BRITANNIA.
TRIg rnernen. TIIR VICTIM OF DIAAIPATION Mean. J.
R. ‘,l And i'reufer.l Misses E. Clines awl li.ornhur —LC/I•
LI •I. er Ihe )(Moe and Ito RBls*. Mr L Jar.llts, Mrs./Jule.
n•I tiktLßJo LANDO AND 1111.11 MATINS. Mrs. E. lisza.l.l.

1101 WA AT IXISDOT DIUDOL
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LONDON, THURSDAY, MARCH 21.

Lcccsantae will have, if possible, a Lancashire
man for her new representative. The resolve is only
another expression of the self-respect and self-de-
pendence which have made Lancashire what she is.
If every other county and town in the United
Kingdom were animated by a like spirit, what a
Parliament we should have, and what a people
we should be. Nature has elsewhere been far
more profuse in her gifts. The soil of a great
part of Lancashire is far from prolific, and the
climate is damp and ungenial. While golden sun-
shine makes other places glad and gay, the heavens
are often overclouded in the valley of the Mersey
and above the l'endlo Hills ; but unconscious of
disadvantages or indifferent to them, the inventive
and persevering inhabitants have reclaimed mo-
rasses and tunnelled hills, brought sterile fields
into a condition of fertility, converted the
mud-banks of their rivers into vast docks and
basins for the building and shelter of a huge
mercantile marine, built great cities full of
unrivalled factories, and have studded the whole '
face of their wondrous region over with churches,
schools, luxurious mansions, and comfortable
workmen's homes. And all this, or the greatest
pert of it, has been done within the memory of
men now living ; and by men who were either born
in Lancashire, or who early fixed their residence
there, and became in habit, sympathy, and feeling
identified with the community amongst whom they
dwelt. Ten years ago, for example, South Lanca-
shire sae represented in Parliament by a Liver-
pool merchant and a Manchester manufacturer,
both of whom were born in Ireland, but both of
whom had settled early in life in the great seats of
industry, to whose prosperity and credit their own
individual success contributed : for Lancashire has
never been characterised by any mean or narrow
spirit of national or sectarian jealousy. Nevertheless
in the main her people have relied upon them-
selves for all they have and are ; and now, when
they are about to obtain another representative in
the legislature, they instinctively look round to ON
where they can find amongst men of their own
stock, one who may fitly be the spokesman of their
wisher and their wants. Mr. Ctsnerruirs is pre-
eminently worthy of their choice, on every pos-
sible ground, and they have accordingly resolved
to make choice of him if he will consent to be
chosen. His father came from Scotland to Liver-
pool when a young man, and made his fortune
there ; but the CHANCELLOR of the Exensuota, if
we mistake not, is a Lancastrian by birth. He is
something more. He is • statesman capable of
appreciating in all its greatness and grandeur the
value of Lancashire industry and enterprise :
he is an orator capable of compelling
an ignorant and hostile senate to do justice to
commerce and manufactures. In the long struggle
against restrictive tariffs begun in 1842, and hardly
ended yet, Mr. Gtiogross has borne an active,
prominent, and fearless part. He was Sir Roamer
PEWS second self throughout the long discussions
which preceded and accompanied the Repeal of
the Corn Laws ; he was the most powerful and
eloquent supporter of the Repeal of the Navigation
Laws ; and, finally, he has himself proposed and
carried through Parliament two great Budgets,
based upon the principle and embodying the spirit
of fiscal reform. With the single exception of Mr.
Connor, there is no one whose Parliamentary ca-
reer has been so distinctively identified with the
promotion of the interests in which those of Lan-
cashire are bound up ; it is therefore most natural,
grateful, and wise, that in giving away the new
seat, the constituency should look to the man who
has beet earned it.

But will Mr. Otreeroye accept the offer ? Will
he reign the representation of Oxford University,
to undertake the far more onerous duty of repre-
senting South Lancashire 1 Will he sever the
ties that for so many years have bound hint
to that ancient home of learning, and expose
himself to all the vicissitudes and vexations inci-
dent to the mpreeentation of a great popular con-
stituency 1 We are not in the secret of what has
taken place recently between the enures:lion of
the Bleaserven and those who would fain beguile
him northward ; but we are bound to say that
we equally respect the motives that bare actuated
them in making the proposal, and the ambition
that has prompted him to incur the risk of enter-
taining it. For risk there is undoubtedly, where a
man who has Ice many years occupied a safe and
inexpensive seat, socoveted and distinguished se that
of Oxford, publicly entertains, or at least does
not repudiate, the suggestion that he should
relinquish it, and does so several months
before it is possible that the new scat offered him
can be ready for his acceptance. But whatever be
his other faults, want of courage has sever been
imputed to Mr. fiLassrroes, and be probably thinks
lees of the homed than any of hie friends or
admire's. And the specific inducement 1 We
sin imagine that it is great in his eyes. Some-
thing of the old charm which Oxford and its
confides., had for him has probably peeped away.
Ilia early dream of identifying the State and the
Church is gone ; and he himself must feel that
he has modified many of the political opinions
for the sake of which be was first called to sit for
the University. With the moat earnest convic-
tion of the rectitude of his intentions end
the consistency of his aims, be cannot be insensible
to the fact that between him and the governing
influences at Oxford there no longer exists that
oneness it, which he and they formerly rejoiced ;
and although were his reelection opposed to-mor-
row, ea that of Sir Rouser Peal. was in 1829,
Mr. Clisterniiie would we are sure demonstrate
most eloquently that he was still ea worthy of
Oxford me Oxford deemed him fifteen year. no,
wo can quite understand that to a sensitive and
scrupulous mind like• his it would in a certain
sense he a great relief to have done with the con-
tinual murmurings of discontent by which sob

riously he has of late been pained. A decided
majority of the electors of Oxford would
unquestionably return him again were there
an election to-morrow ; but to a man
whose mind is constantly occupied with large
and comprehensive views of national policy, the
success of which depends in some degree upon the
freedom of his own individual action and the con-
fidence he feels in his own representative strength
in Parliament, it would indisputably be a great
advantage, as well as satisfaction, if he were
member for an influential and enlightened section
of the work-a-day community, instead of being
hampered and fettered, as he must necessarily be
no long as he sits for a conservative school of
learning.
We cannot refrain from noticing one circum-
stance connected with the movement recently
made in South Lancashire, which appears pecu-
' liarly deserving of comment. Nonconformity is per-
haps nowhere so strong in point of numbers as in
the manufacturing districts ; and no one in the rank
of statesman has lately taken • course less calculated
to win the peculiar favour of Dissenters than Mr.
GLADOTONIL But no sectarian feeling has been
permitted to have place in the present instance.
Great services in the cause of progress have justly
been deemed to outweigh any shortcomings on •
particular question or two ; and Mr. OcAnsroNs'il
unpalatable speech in support of Church Rates is
forgiven and forgotten for the sake of his gallant
defence of the rights of the Commons against the
taxing usurpations of the Lords, and his earnest
pleading in favour of Electoral Reform. It has
been felt that acts and words may be, and ought
to be, pardoned in him that could hardly be over-
looked in other men. This is the true spirit of
popular justice, and we should be sorry to see it
ever departed from.

Toss time is rapidly approaching when the long-
pending dimensions between the Emperor of
Annals and his Hungarian subjects must be
brought to a definite issue. The controversy has
been carried on ever since the close of the Italian
war, and at every step the Hungarians have gained
something. Their constitutional rights have,
however, been very partially recognised, and their
wrongs very imperfectly and reluctantly redressed.
The Imperial Government has never yielded more
than was absolutely necessary to meet the
exigencies of the moment, and the want of a
thoroughly honest, straightforward policy has
throughout destroyed the moral value of these
concessions. The EMI mos and his advisers have
put off any definite settlement of the Hungarian
claims, and prolonged • painful and irritating
period of suspense, in the hope that divided
councils would weaken the national movement, or
an armed revolt give them an opportunity of
suppressing it by force. These sinister hopes have
been signally disappointed, and the crisis can
now be delayed no longer. The Hungarian Diet
is to assemble at Buda on the second of next
month, while the Imperial Council of the New
Constitution is summoned to meet at Vienna on
the twenty-ninth. The approach of the inevitable
conflict has not in the least altered the relative
position of the two great parties in the struggle.
The conduct of the Imperial Government in dealing
with the Hungarian nation has been all along
shifty, vacillating, and insincere, if not absolutely
treacherous. The Exentoa's vague but swelling
promises have always been miserably dwarfed in
performance, and the expectations he intentionally
raised have been uniformly disappointed. The
patent of October promised in general terms
almost everything the Hungarians had asked, but
the hopes it excited were rudely dissipated by the
autograph letter of January, and utterly destroyed
by the New Constitution of M. Scioszatuto,
promulgated at the close of last month.
The latest news from Vienna shows that the same
spirit and policy still prevail in the Imperial
oouncils. The EXPEILOI, in a conference with the
Hungarian Magnates, is reported to have declared
that while he will "respect the rights of the
" Hungarian nation to the fullest extent, ho will
" never tolerate any infringement of the rights of
" the crown." If the Enemies really meant to
deal fairly with the Hungarians it would be impos-
sible for him to hold such language as this, for the
rights both of the nation and the crown are do-
fined by the coronation oath, which Estancia
JOIIIIPH has never yet taken.
On the other hand, during all these difficult
.
vexations and disappointing negotiations the atti-
tude of the Hungarians has never changed.
They took their stand at the outset on
strictly legal grounds, demanding the resto-
ration of their constitutional rights and pri-
vileges, and they have throughout firmly
maintained their position. The nation and its
leaders have never been induced either by pro-
mises or threats to abandon for a moment the
vantage-ground of their own laws, and this is the
explanation of their pest success as well as the
true secret of their present strength. The Imperial
advisers at Vienna have been driven to their wits'
end in attempting to conciliate by delusive
schemes a people who have not only adopted such
a simple, straightforward programme, but who
under the most trying circumstances have adhered
to it with such noble patience and constancy. M.
SCHYLBLINCeII famous constitution, that was to
have worked such wonders, has produced no prac-
tical effect in the kingdom for which It was
specially designed. It has indeed, naturally
enough, excited • feeling of indignation and con-
tempt, but it has not in the least affected the posi-
tion or policy of the Hungarian people. It has
neither excited popular commotion*, as many hoped
it would do, nor paralysed the political leaders of
the national movement. Neither Baron V•Y nor
the recently elected Lordis•Lieutenant of counties
have resigned. Both the nation and its leaders
strictly adhere to the legal and constitutional policy
they have determined to pursue. The nation is
so united, indeed, that the old Imperial policy has
now scarcely a chance of success. The most
zealous, lavish, and unscrupulous agents of that
policy fail to excite either disunion or disturbance.
The representatives to the Diet are elected in the
most regular and orderly way, and the Diet will
no doubt assemble to discuss and reject the new
Constitution, and insist on the restoration of the
notion', legal rights. The people are perfectly
unanimous on this head, and the latest
intelligence from Hungary shows that, despite M.
Scumsausso and his new Constitution, they will
not recede • single step in their just demands. In
prospect of the meeting of the Diet three counties/
have already given detailed instructions to theii
representatives on the constitutional points at
issue. They are to insist on the sittings of the
Diet being held at Pesth as of old, instead of at
Buda. They are further to require that repre-
sentatives of all the countries belonging to the
Hungarian crown be summoned to the Diet. This
also is • strictly legal and just demand.
Transylvania, Croatia, and the Banat belong
of right to the Hungarian crown, and were
arbitrarily divorced from it by the present EMPEROR
for his own try:is:humus ends. A few weeks ago,
, when it was of the first importance to coacilials

the Hungarians at any price, Fitaxem Josara
indeed promised that these countries should be re-
united to Hungary, but he has already virtually
broken his word by encouraging, under the form
of kis Imperial sanction, the assembling of a sepa-
rate Diet. The other main points on whioh the
representatives are to insist in the Diet are—the
formation of a Hungarian ministry, the absolute
right of the Diet to vote men and money, and
the preservation intact of the Pragmatic Sanction
which formally guarantees the constitutional
rights and privileges of the nation. These in-
structions sufficiently indicate the spirit of the
country at the present moment, and the course
which the Diet will inevitably pursue. These de
minds, though no doubt large, are, however,
neither arbitrary nor illegal. They are strictly
constitutional claims, and must in the end be
granted, if for no other reason, because Austria
has and can have nothing save temporary and de-
lusive schemes to offer in place of them.
The partisans of the Austrian Government pre-
, tend that the Hungarians are unreasonable in
their demands, but nothing can well be further
from the actual truth. The Hungarians are not
only justified in insisting on the restoration of
their Constitution, but they are bound to do so on
the broadest grounds of policy and public duty.
Austria is utterly disorganized. It has no Con-
stitution of any kind, imperial or otherwise, but
only a cabinet of portfolios and a large standing
army. In every other respect the Empire is a mere
name. There are, indeed, a number of dif-
ferent States and nationalities, but there is no
bond of union between them. There is no inter-
nal principle of union, no spirit of patriotism
or nationality to keep the heterogeneous
mass together. And there is no external machi-
nery in existence for uniting them. All kinds
of expedients, now constitutions and the like, are
indeed devised in rapid succession for this end, but
they are all alike delusive and vain. Hun-
gary, on the other band, is an actual kingdom, a
living nation. It has historical traditions, an
ancient constitution, and a united people ani-
mated by feelings of devoted patriotism—an en-
thusiastic spirit of nationality. It is irrational to
ask or expect that a real kingdom like this should
sacrifice itself to a mere geographical expression,
the phantom of a nominal empire, such as the
Austria of to-day really is.

ebt Court.

WINDSOR CASTLE, 11Aim 20.

The Earl of St. Germans, Lord Steward, and
viscount Bury, Trimmer of the Hanish*ld, arrived to-day
with the &Admen of 000doleace to her Majesty from both
Howse of Parliament.

Sir Charlee Wyke had an interview with Lonl John
Reseal yesterday, at the Foreign-office.
Despatches were received yesterday at the Colonial-office,
from the Lord High Commissioner of the lonian Islands.
Despatches were suet to the Governor el Canada.

A Cabinet Council was held yesterday at the
official residence of the First Lord of the Treasury
in Downing-street. The ministers present were
Viscount Palmerston, the Lord Chancellor, Earl
Granville, the Duke of Argyll, Lord John Russell,
the Duke of Newcastle, Lord Herbert, the Chan
cellor of the Exchequer, the Duke of Somerset,
the Right Hon. T. Milner Gibson, the Right Hon.
Sir George Grey, Lord Stanley of Alderley, and
the Right Hon. Edward Cardwell.

THE LAT, DUCITEAS or ICILYT. —An address of
onsdoleacer to the Queen, on the death of her Majesty's
august mother, was resolved upon yesterday at a meeting of
the Manebsster City Council.

Their Royal Rieman's§ the Duchoea of Cam-
bridge aad the Princess Mary have left their residence in
the Ambassador' Court, At. James's Palace, for Cambridge
Cottage, where their royal highness* purpose to rmide in
comparative retirement for six weeks, in consequence of the
death of the Duchess of Kent.

His Excellency the Marquis d'Aseglio, the Sar-
dinian minister at the court of St. James's, is, it is
nunoured in diplomatic circles, about to be raised to the
reek of ambassador. We are informed the persom net of the
legation will be largely increased. His Excellency is in
treaty fur a commodious mansion in Groevenorsquare, as

the future residence of the embassy.
The Earl and Countess of Lichfield have arrived
at their residence, in Lover-atreet, from Bracket Hall,
Herta, for the 111611011.

The Earl and Countess Howe have arrived at
Carom Hon% from Gopeall Hall, for a few Jaya.
Lord and Lady Herbert's intended entertainment
to his Royal Highness the Duke of Cambridge has been poet-
posed owing the death of her Royal Highness the Duchess
d Lat.

Bir Richard Levinge, Batt , M. P., has left
Stevens' Hotel for his seat, Knockdrin Castle, comity
Westmeath.

At the Royal United Service Institution, on
Monday evening, Captain E. P. Halsted, R.N., read the
'scold portion of his paper "On Iron-clad Ships," to •
crowded audience. The main object of this part of his
paper was to show the advantage of employing iron in the
construction of ships of war instead of wood, and that in
ships plated with iron to resist the penetration of shot,
it is better to apply the armour to iron ships than to
wooden 001116.

The Rev. H. C. Minchin, M.A., has been in-
stituted by the Lord Bishop of Gloucester and Bristol to
the vicarage of St. Mary de Lode, with the perpetual
curacy of May Trinity annexed, in the city of Gloucester,
vacant by the resignatioo of the Rev. W. L. Coghlan.
Fatima, the Dean and Chapter of Gloucester.
Mr. Thomas Duncombe to-morrow will ask the
filscrisbary of State for the Home Department bow Sir
Masa Mayne became possessed of, and who translated
far bin, " the Koasuth Note," manufactured by the Messrs.
Day, upon which he gave Sir Richard Mayne instructions ;
sad, whether the said note was the same that WWI after-
wards exhibited by Count Appooyi in the Court of Chan-
eei7.

The Standard Theatre, Shoreditch, has been
mined fee s Reform meeting on Tneeday next. Simnel
Morley, Fag., will mei&
Tun Exuternosr or 1862.—The Committee of
Advice requeeted by the Commiwionere for the Exhibition
• the commie.' '

of 11162, Ii amid .....ownwerouers with their ennead as to
the fire nels derparigeent of the exhibition, held their ad.
learned secedes at the Society of Arts esloriliay. Lord
Stanhope, on the motion of Lord Lrioway was called
to the chair. After considerable dienedis, in which
Mr. Hurlstone, Sir Charles Eastlake, Mr. Redeems.
Lord Echo, Dr. Coleridge, Lord Oversteps, Mr.
Tao Taylor, Mr. Frederick Taylor, and Lord Tao-
tee leek part, the committee came to the fonerrigs seeds-
dew :—With regent to the foreign schools to be repro.
seabed Ie the exhibition, that it should be left to each
eneetry to fix the limitations under which its selections
ehsnid be made, each being informed of the space allotted
and of the understanding that the selection is to be
Mae with a view to exhibit the present condition of the
subsea. With regard to the English school, the committee
mom to the decision that the collection should include the
weeks of masters who have lived since 1762, so as to take in
Hogarth, Hudson, Reynolds, Gaiasborough, and Wiliam.
MR. GLA 1.14T0N E. —With reference to a paragraph
which appeared in the Times and other newspapers, stating
that a deputation hail waited on Mr. Gladstone, soliciting
him to be a mediates fur the third seat proposed to be
given to Mouth Lancashire, and that he had given a favounr-
bk reply, we can state that no deputations from South
Lancashire hare seen or proposed to we the Chancellor of
the Exchequer, and that no question 'subsea pot or answer
given between any such deputation and him, nor is be a
party to asy proceedings that may have been taken in that
quarter.—Gsarifion, libreli 20.
Ma. ROILBUCK •ND rue CONSTETURNII4.—At
meeting held in Sheffield, on Mooday night, Mr. Councillor
Booth in the chair, it was rewired that a copy of the fol-
lowing resolution be forwarded to Mr. Roebuck, and a
preampe reply requested :—" That in consideration of the
wide-spread surprise and regret with which Mr. Roebuck's
recent speech on Indite affairs has been received, this gnast•
lag deems it an imperative duty rompecefully but yaw*
to re.iuest that gentleman to par a visit to hie soseliessets,
for the purpose of fully explaining the views ermscisludi la
the belorednastioned speech."