The Express.
London, England, 1857-07-01 00:00:00

TILE EXPRESS,

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LONDON, WEDNESDAY, JULY I.

A PIIITATN Win from a military man of high
rank in India ends with the meaning words—
" Send se a good General in haste.* This phrase
tenches the only point in reference to the present
position of affairs in India on which there is room
for misgiving. General ANSON may prove equal
to the mosaics; bat amusedly it was not regard
either to military talent or military experience that
dictated his appointment. If be fail, our conscience
is clear, for most strenuously did we protest against
that appointment at the time it was made. Besides,
the formalism of the Anglo-Indian Government is
sualcient to paralyse even the most able and reso-
lute of commanders, unless pod fortune associate
with him a Civil Governor capable, when he knows
that he has got a good Consmandsr-in-Chief,
of effacing him own personality, and leaving the
soldier free play. With soldiers like those in
the QUEEN'S and Company's European regiments,
in the Ooorka regiments, and in those Sepoy
regiments which have stood the test, we should
feel no misgivings were we certain of those
who bold the chief command. But even men like
COLVIN and the I. WRENCES may be paralysed
takes their superiors are worthy of them.
One thing ought to be impressed on the minds of
the nation and the Legislature—burned into them

as with a searing iron. The state of the Bengal
army ought to have been sufficiently known to
our rulers to have rendered it easily possible
to adopt measures long ere now that would have
effectively prevented the present mutiny. When
Bit CHARLIS NAZI'S ummed the command in
India, in 1849, we were en the eve of a mutiny in the
Bengal army quite as !buildable as the present. The
extensible grievance then was the cessation of the
extra pay originally allowed to the Bengal regiment.
marched into the Punjoub ; but in every other
respect the circumstances of the then timecesly
suppressed mutiny were the exact counterpart
of the present. A busy correspondence among
the soldiery had led to a confederation of no less
than twenty-four regiments. Then, u now, the evil
had attained these monstrous dimensions undis-
covered, because the regimental officers were too
proud or too lazy to mingle with their men and
study their characters and dispositions. Then,
as now, the alienation of the minds of the
men from their officers by this habitual contemptuocs
disregard wee accompanied by a secret sense of
purer, which the practice of enrolling high caste
soldiers exclusively had engendered. The native
soldiers were galled by the little consideration
which the European officers showed for them, and
by the impossibility of their ever rising above a very
subordinate rank. Thcy watched, and criticised,
the self indulgent habit. of many of their officers, and
Issued to despise them ; and they relied upon the
ialissacei et their east, to prevent the insubordinates
ham being dismissed, on account of the difficulty
that would have been experienced in replacing
*se. Ice 1849, as in 1847, the Bengal Army,
though brave, was dangerously predisposed to
mutiny.

To Complete the parallel some overt sets of mutiny
which sutured just before Sir CIIARLE4 NtrIES
tamed the chief command had been met by exactly
the same measures as were adopted in the case
of the regiments which rseently mutinied at Bar.
mayors. The men were disheaded. Against
this suicidal peaky Sir CHARLES protested energeti-
cally. He reminded the Government bow many
disbanded &pop had been found in the ranks of
the fah 'my. He asked them whether, in the
event of the mutiny pining head, they could go on
disbanding regiment after regiment. He pointed to
(iciest Simon ea the one hand, and to Nepaul on
the other, as ready to avail themselves of the services
of resolute and desperate men, thus thrown
loose on the world to seek for new masters.
Ile urged the impolicy of turning adrift our high-
cute Sepoys, unless we were prepared to en.
regiment other elutes and races in their stead.
His remonstrances were unavailing. Everything
was left as it was, and now we are reaping the fruits
of this scornful disregard of good advice. There ap-
pears to be indeed little ii':elihood of any native
power that MO seriously harm us, rallying Mina its
standard any desperadoes we may at this mossent
whistle down the wiud to prey on Fortune. Bat
these men may be almost u dangerous in another
way. The police throughout India is nowhere
stronger than is absolutely necessary. Two regi-
ments et =valuers are already disbanded; is the
mime maws to be meted to all future mutineers?
Thee men are of the class who will not dig IN
They winter amen become robbers if they do aselb‘
as minas in the armies of native Princes. Tures
he mails to reader life and property harms
through the w►ole of India.
The reform of the Bengal Army is the Mk of the
how in India. At present the Madras and Bombay
Armies are sound and loyal, bat low Mg my they
resit the contagion of bad example! Boum-
thing more is required than to suppress the
seem' mutiny—comparatively an Cry task.
The spirit of the whole Bengal Army hen to he
regenerated. The officers have to be taught to
amend their habits of self-indalgenee, and to depart
themselves to their soldiers as all men abbe es com-
mand /tree ever done. The preposterous claim of
the high cute' to man exclusively the ranks of the
Army has to be steadily and sternly put down. The
Sepoy has to be taught that- all soldiers are of one
ante; and a terrible example must be made of the

actual mutineers. On the other hand, strict justice
ought to be done to the &pay : his conscientions
prejudices ought to be respected, and a more free
career of professional advan4x.ment ought to be
thrown open to him. We know that we are
preaching Napieriam, and that Napicrism is
not much in favour in high quarters. Offi-
cials shrug their shoulders, and insinuate that
the genies of Sir MARLED NAPIER bordered on
madness. We will not waste time in arguing the
matter. Ideas and trains of thought, it certainly
appears from his biography, frequently crossed his
mind, which could by no chance find admission into
the brains of those men of "solid parts," who,
because genius sometimes errs, imagine stupidity
must always be right. All that we have to say is,
that if he was mad, it is pity he did not bite
some of his brother Generals before he died.

Avrnonun the Earl of CLARENDON has no official
information of the fact, it is neverthelese quite
true that the French Government have entered
into a contract with a Memellies house for the

supply of 10,000 (not 20,000) Africans to GaaH
daloupe and Martinique. This contract was, it
seems, signed by the French Ministers of Marine
and Foreign Affain of the one part,and MM. ItEcts,
of Marseilles, of the other part, on the 13th of
March last

It stipulates that the latter are, within three years,
or, if possible, in less time, to transport 6,000 blacks
to °nadaloupe and as many to Martinique, there to
work under an engagement for ten years at the
wages

of 12 franc; id) centimes a month, out of
which each negro so imported has to pay, at the
rate of two franca a month, the cost of his transport
from Africa to this paradise for blacks, which is esti-
mated at 200 francs. MM REGIS undertake to
employ in this service large steam-vessels capable of
containing 800 passengers, and for each adult immi-
grant, male or female, they are to receive 500 francs,
or 201. sterling. One of these steamers has, we are
assured, already sailed.
If the contract contain any stipulations binding the
Messieurs REois to ship only negroes who volun-
tarily tender themselves for emigration, or not to pay
money to induce negroes to come on board their
Teasels, the abstract which has been allowed to
transpire makes not the smallest reference to such
stipulations. So far as appears, no restrictions what-
ever arc placed on the contractors; they have the
entire coast of Western Africa (except, of course, the
'British settlements, where, thank Gun, they cannot

conic) to operate upon ; they may obtain the blacks
whence and how they can ; all that the French Go-
vernment apparently care for is the arrh al of

10,000 in their colonies, where they are to be con-
demned to labour for 10 years, at wages leas for a
month than the current value of work for a week in
the adjoining British possessions.
This is an entirely new phase in the history of the
Slave Trade. For the first time we have an European
and Christian Government entering into a contract
for the transport, in thousands, of that class of human
beings who are supposed to be nearly lowest in the
scale of human intelligence, who have hitherto shown
no disposition to leave their own country, who in
Africa have no Government to look after, guard, and
protect their interests, who live there in abundance
and plenty, who are gradually applying their labour
to production in their own country, and who have
ksestofore been, and still are, the victims of the most
kininuous traffics that ever afflicted and cursed
msakind.
This is a

the whole affair is one of
bargain and sale—which, if permissible at all, ought
to have been surrounded by every safeguard that
humanity and ingenuity could suggest. It ought to
have been confined at first to the French settlements,
where the French authorities could have super-
vised and reported on it; it ought, if ever ex-
tended beyond them, to have been limited to places
where the Slave Trade had been long since extinct,
where the French Government has Consuls of
knowledge and experience of the localities; above
all, wherever carried on, the amplest securities ought
to have been taken that the emigration was really
free and unbribed. When we find no such limitation,
no such securities, the deplorable inference must
be drawn, that so long as the French Colonies
obtain 10,000 Africans to work for ten long weary
years on their sugar-fields, at wages miserably ina-
dequate for a good day's work, the French Govern-
ment does not care very much whence or how these
labourers are obtained.
If that be so, we are in danger of a new Slave
Trade under the guise and pretence of Free African
Emigration, promoted and carried on, not by pri-
vate individuals, but by a great and power All
Government, in the name and behalf of a nation

amongst the first in Europe to renounce the old
Slave Trade. This will indeed be a retrograde policy. '
But retrogression is just now so universal a charac-
teristic of the Continent of Europe, and the Govern-
ment of France is in all its policy so Thoroughly
material, that we must not be surprised at a project
involving even such guilt as this.
The French Government will no doubt point to

oar example. We have sought, or at least our
eolonists have sought—that Government will say—
emigrants for oar sugar colonies in India, in ('bins,
and in Africa. No doubt they have. But there the
parallel ends. They have been sought, and found
too, in India, where there is a British Government
eapable of protecting its emigrating subjects, where
slavery is unknown and every man is no free as in
England, where there is, in reference to employment,
a redundant emigration, and where, above all, the
people are intelligent, cultivated, religious, and
disposed to emigrate. Over this emigration the
most elaborate protection has been thrown, the emi-
grants have been subject to no oocapnleary labour,
and have been free to obtain what wages they were
able, and at the expiration of flee years they arc
entitled to free return passages to fedi,.
From China the emigration to British sugar colo-
nies has been very small, not exceeding a few thou•
sands, and it has for some time past been given up.
But it also was subjected to the most vigilant British
supervision in (line, it was regulated on the voyage
by stringent legislation, and the laws protecting im-
migrants in our colonies are so favourable that, to
use the expression of a gentleman who compared
the state of the Chinese in Cuba and in Denserars,
he found the Chinese, slaves in the former and gen-
tlemen in the latter.
Some years ago Sierra Leone was opened to oar
West Indian colonies. But Sierra Leone is as
thoroughly organised a British possession as Jamaica.
At the time it was opened Sierra l.cone was the
depot for Africans liberated from slavers. The
Government yards there were crowded with human
beings whom we had rescued from the horrors of
the Middle l'amage, from death or slavery. As there
was no employment for them in the settlement, their
maintenance was a heavy burden on the British Go-
vernment. To relieve itself from that burden, it
promoted their free emigration to the West Indies.
Bat the numbers which could be induced to emigrate
' wan comparatively small, and the experiment of
introducing beirloareous liberated Africans ansonget
the more cultivated lMek peasantry of the trepieel
colonies in every respect failed. But now the Govern-
's/sit pile et Sierra Leone are empty. Many of the