The Northern Daily Times.
Liverpool, Merseyside, England, 1853-10-03 00:00:00

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MONDAY, OCTOBER 3, 1853

IF England had the greatest share of ministerial

eloquence during the parliamentary session, Scot-
land has absorbed nearly the whole of these
favours during the parliamentary recess. First, Lord
J. RUSSELL, then Lord PALMERSTON, and lastly Mr.
GLADSTONE, the three pillars of the administra-
tion, have delighted our neighbours, and in-
formed the world, by the grasp of their principles,
and the frankness of their expression. They com-
pletely put Sir JAMES GRAHAM and his Cork orators
into the shade. We can hardly venture to assume
that these distinguished statesmen had a previous
rehearsal of the terms in which they should ex-

press their gratitude for the pouring out of munici-
pal honours. Still there were obvious coincidences
in their language. Each dwelt in the same unifor-
mity of tone upon the success of our universal
policy, upon the willingness of this country to
strike in a just cause, and upon the decay of mere
party. These are all exceedingiy grateful topics—
they were chosen with discernment; and Scotland
has done a service to the world by enabling the
leading members of the Government thus to define
their position. . _

Of these topics, that of most immediate interest
is the assurance that, in case of necessity, we are
able and willing to make our power felt. It is upon
this certainty that .the other two really depend,
for if we are pusilanimous, our commerce would
not be worth five years purchase, and we should
be distracted by faction and divisions. It may be,
and is, an open question whether the Government
have manifested so much vigour in our Foreign
policy as was required by the circumstances. We are
amongst those who think they have not. But they

give us a rational, though not, perhaps, a conclu-
let us first exhaust all the means

sive answer

of keeping peace before we go to war." These

means are, to a great degree, a matter of opinion ;
opinion is influenced by temperament; and cer-
tainly Lord CLARENDON has been a model of
Here, indeed, is

patience and forbearanc

the most asssailable point of the Government. We
foresee that though they may be enabled to main-
tain the tranquillity of Europe, they will be exposed
to serious animadversion in the next session of
Parliament, for it has not yet been shown that the
embarrassments of the Eastern difficulty might not
have been solved eight months ago by a demonstra
tion on the part of this country. But if peace is
maintained these criticisms will be of no practical
importance, and the power of the Ministry will be
consolidated, we hope, for the purpose of extending
the principles of our commercial system and pro-
moting the comforts of the people.
It will be a new era in the history of this country
to be governed without party. The attempt is be-
ing made, and it promises to be successful, though

it is opposed to many of our traditions. Confi-
dence must be the bond that unites the people to
such a Government. In other words the Govern-
ment will be on its good behaviour, under security
to promote improvements, and bound by the con-
ditions upon which it exists to have regard only to
the public benefit. This principle involves many
great results. It implies the removal of all merely
,class interests, enquiring at least into alleged vested
rightS, and the' adoption of pure political equity.
Any 6overntilittit-- undertaking these objects will

have no tinic:lii.give up to party.
The addresses, then, of the three Ministers are
to be considered in the light of an indirect decla-
ration of the policy, by which they will hereafter be

pledged and bound ;'and to suh a policy, whilst
allowing the utmost freedom of opinion as to its
details, no rational being can hesitate to adhere.

IF Winter may not be said already to have set in,
,sufficient indications of its approach have been
given to make
.us feel that, with the few exceptional
fine sunny days which maybe enected, our sum-
mer is over. Snow has been lying thickly on the
Grampian hills for upwards of a week, and the
papers -from all parts of -EnropN assert that the
Itsual heralds et winter, gales on lane and ocean,
have been as violent as universal. Winter is indeed

close at our doors, and there are circumstances in
the state of theworld, commercial, social and physi-
cal, which induce men to regard With SOMething
like apprehension .the pro4)6as of -the ensuing
season. The prosperity which we have no* fOr
long purled enjOyedtheeomparatielyi low prices
of late years of the necessaries of life—the amount
of demand in the labour market--,--the inereased
facilities of gaining a livlihood afforded to those
who remained at borne, by the departure of so
many emigrants—these things, in thentselveS, so
directly conducive to social welfare, 11.01 V make the
very idea of a reverse illore obnoxious and terrible ;
perhaps, the rather so, as we fear, neither enl-
lectively nor individually, has so flinch been done
as might have been done, in the season of prosperity
to provide for a time of adversity. It is not often,
either in the case of nations or of indiVidilals, that
years of plenty are made to contribute their offering
in periods of scarcity. Fortune wears a radiant
face, but has a most improvident heart:
That there are circumstances apparently to justify
the somewhat sombre view of the dim prospects
which seem to be generally adopted, cannot adinit
of a doubt. It is certainly. wiSo to look these
threatening evils boldly in the face, and to endea-
vour to ascertain how far they: maybe avoided or
controlled. Among the foremost, and the soonest
felt, must be classed the rapid rise of the prices in
bread, and, partly in consecittence thereof, of the other
necessaries of life: Here, however, we think a
little consideration will prove that there is not
much to be dreaded, unless it be indeed by these
speculators in grain, who may be holding back in
the hope of realizing unreasonable prices. It is
true that not in England only, but in France, and
in the countries bordering on the Baltic, the late
harvest has proved deficient both in quantity and
quality; but, should Peace be happily preserved,
and our usual supplies from the shores of the
Black Sea be forthcoming, there need be no fear of
disastrous results. According to the calculations
of a writer in the Circular to Bankers, the deficiency
in the late harvest may be regarded as equal to
that in 1846, and the importations of wheat and
flour up to the end of September in the present
year, in excess of these up to the corresponding
period in 1846, by 2,196,673 quarters. Ot course
the increase of consumption, in dealing with the
question, must not be lost
_sight of; but taking
every thing into consideration, we repeat that there
is no cause for alarm with regard to the probable
price of broadstuffs through the winter. That the
prices in the Liverpool corn market, for instance,
should be steadily, as most -certainly they are, on
the rise, proves nothing necessarily alarming to
consumers, as that rise is in despite of large daily
importations of grain from America and elsewhere.
That the same, or similar causes, more or less
occult, which have produced the rise in prices,
and originated the somewhat gloomy anticipations
of the coming winter, on which we have been com-
menting, should also have caused no slight panic
in the commercial world, cannot be wondered at,
nor can it but be expected, judging from the ex-
perience of former times, that Consols, which now
stand as low as 91, will still further decline. As
yet, however, there has been a general immunity
from bankruptcy and insolvency, which plainly
shows a generally healthy syStelia. To this sub-
ject, then, we refer, not in anticipation of evil, but
in the earnest wish to. effect some good: and on
this topic, it is to the industrial portion.of the
community that we would address our observa-
tions. The disturbing agencies which have pro-
duced this panic in the mercantile world among
the capitalists, must, in their immediate effects,
operate seriously on the interests of the labouring
classes. Our late prosperity was, to a great ex-
tent, the result of foreign demand for our produce,
and this demand the cause of ready empld3iinent
and good wages in the manufacturing districts.
At the present moment, the glut of goods in the
Australian markets, the state of affairs in China,
and-even in America, together with the raising of
discount to five per-cent, by the Bank of England,
will undoubtedly prove but too efficient checks to
our foreign commerce, and therefore to the full
employment of our artizans and labourers. Is
this then, we would in earnestness ask the working
man, the proper time for strikes ? - Yet, looking at
the state of 'affairs at Preston, at Barnley, at
Wigan, or among the pitmen on the Tyne, and the
Wear, to say nothing of minor demonstrations
throughout England, it would seem as if labour
thinks it may afford to riot in the very suicidal
wantonness of irresponsible power. Our most
earnest wish is, that the evils arising from strikes
may not have to be numbered with the sufferings
and privations of the labouring classeS through
the ensuing winter. In conclusion, as far as the
anticipated horrors of war, and epidemic disease,
enhance the gloom of our prospects, it is cheering
to reflect that Winter, with his iron hand, holds
both at bay—Cossack and Cholera. A breathing
time, at least, is thus allowed, and Spring may
perhaps find us reasonably indulging in more
cheering prospects.

THE recent increase of trade from Central and
South America, and especially from Buenos Ayres,
Brazil, and the River Plate, has long since drawn
European attention to that vast and comparatively
unexplored region.
Aside from the eternal Andes, and the sterile
deserts next to it, there is a country extending
3,500 miles in one direction, and 1,800 miles in
another, capable of an immense population, vast
productions, and an almost unlimited trade; a
large portion of this country is unrivalled in depth
of soil, salubrity of climate, and navigable rivers.
It abounds with the richest mineral wealth, includ-
ing gold, silver, copper, lead, and tin ; and by re-
cent discoveries it is ascertained that not one-tenth
part of these mines are worked.
The capabilities of the country to sustain a large
population, may be inferred from the circumstance,
that when the Spaniards first explored it, at the
close of the fifteenth century, it was densely
peopled, and abounded with many large cities; but
the bloody policy of the Spanish Conquerors, and
the vices and diseases they introduced, caused the
destruction of millions of its natives. Again, the
ruins of ancient cities, discovered both in Central,
and South America, prove a dense population to have
existed at some remote period of antiquity, and also
that ahigh state of civilization there prevailed. There
are found the remains of magnificent cities buried
in the impenetrable forests, having hewn pyramids,
sculptured busts, galleries, • sepulchral vaults, obe-
lisks, fluted columns, splendid terraces and cor-

None, but a country full of people, and that people
skilled in science and practised in the arts, could
display such things.

This shows us that this Southern customer has

once seen better days ; and that the same soil
which once reared up those mighty Monuments to
the Arts, is capable of renovation—a new life and a
new destiny.

South America has been for 300 years a broad-
spread specimen of a good country., but turSed and
withered by the Misrule and crimes of men. After
being ravaged and robbed by the ruthless hand of
Spain, for more than two centuries, during which
time, brutal tyrAtltA and despots despoiled it, the
dotintry became the scene of anarchy and civil war,
from which she has not yet recovered. indeed,
the blood of ManY generations haS been 'Poured
out like water upon the land by the instruments of
death, and the bones of the contending tribes
cremibie in the dews, and bleach in the sunbeams.
During all these intestine broils both the land and
the mines haVe been neglected ; hence, it is no
wonder that our coninierce with the country has
been so limited. The cocoa, indigo; 6arSitparilia,
chinchilla-fUrS, fiend 46-woods, were spontaneous
productions ; and until lately these were Our Chief
imports.

Though the Magnificient rivers extend thousands
of miles into the interki', the civil Wars have been
such, that navigation has been neglected—no
canals or railways constructed, and the internal
communication of the country is the WaSt and
MOst difficult in the World, not excepting the deserts
of Sahara. •

But we see in perspeCtiVe a better era about to
dawn upon that much abused and neglected coun-
try ; and a rich harvest in reversidn to NOilliern
England:

Another element of improvement is now in
course of development. Notwithstanding the re.
cent rumour of French interference with the State
of Uruguay, we have occasion to krithr, that most
of the new Republics fife bortowing the constitu-
tions and jutiSptudence ot the United States, which
are essentially English in principle, and we look,
that these do work out a mighty change for the
better.

The NeWspaper Press, too, is greatly extending
in the fairer portions of the country. Let us add
to these, the great national project of linking the
Atlantic and Pacific together, by the ship-canal,
across the Isthlunus of Panama, or South Anierica.
When the country shall thus be made an Island,
and the commerce of the civilized world shall float
all around it, the inventions, the energy, and the
civilization of England and the United State, must
penetrate it at every port, and the mouth of the
Plate, and other great rivers, will become immense
outlets to the productions of an empire, and inlets
to the manufacturies of Britain. Already the South
American and General Steam Navigation Company
have established a regular line and monthly com-
munications by steam, and the commerce by
merchant vessels is on the increase.

Added to the articles they heretofore have
furnished us, will soon be grain, hides, wine,
brandy, cotton, oil, hemp, flax, fruits, gold, silver,
copper, lead, tin, and, indeed, all the produc-
tions of a rich soil, shone upon by a genial sun,
and most extensive mines. In return, as civiliza-
tion advances, inhabitants will require- at our
hand, multiplied and increaing quantities of manu-
factved goods ; and Liverpool, Manchester,
Leeds, Sheffield, Bradford, &c., will profit by the
transformation.,

ARRIVAL OF A PORTION OF THE CHANNEL FIEET IN
THEMA:UM—EarIy yesterday morning the Hague, Vulture,
Valoras, Agamemnon, and the Imperieuse, arrived in the
Thames from Queenstown harbour, which they left on
Thursday evening last.

A CHILD SCALDED TO DEATH.—On Saturday last
an inquest was held, before the borough coroner, on tho body
of a child named James Stinson, son of Mr. Stinson, of No.
33, Chartres-street, who died on Friday afternoon from the
effects of some boiling tea, which fell upon him. A verdict
of accidental death was.returned.

FATAL Acc IDENT.—James Hampton, a shipwright,
residing at 13, Exeter-street, Toxteth Park, fell into the
hold of the ship Annie Armstrong eight weeks ago. He was
taken to the South Hospital, where he was attended by the
surgeons, and was afterwards removed to his own house,
where he died on Saturday morning. An inquest will be
held this day.

" DARKNESS VISIBLE."—Last night, when it was
attempted to light the lamps upon the George's pier and the
landing-stage at the usual hours, it was found impossible,
owing to the water not having been pumped out of the pipes,
to allow the gas to pass through. The neighbourhood was
left in darkness for more than an hour, beiore the defect
could be remedied.
THE WEATHER.—For the last few days we have
been visited with very unpleasant and changeable weather,
the wind constantly veering round from N.W. to W., and
W.N.W., accompanied by deluging showers of rain and hail.
Intense cold prevails, and everything betokens the near ap-
proach of a severe winter.
ARRIVAL OF THE CITY OF MANCHESTER.—The City
of Manchester, screw steamer, arrived -yesterday in the
Mersey from Philadelphia, after a fin of fifteen days. She
encountered very severe weather. Whilst being hauled out
of Dock at Philadelphia, the City of Manchester carried
away her chains and sustained some slight damage ; she also
got aground on the bar yesterday morning coming into port
without a pilot, but was got off without sustaining any very
serious injury. -

The Marquis and Marchioness of Salisbury, and
family, after paying a visit to the Earl and Countess of
Derby, at Knowsley, remained a few days at Childwall Hall,
en route to the south.

NEW YACHT.—A splendid Screw Steam Yacht,
built for Mr. Charles M. Iver, agent for the British and
North American Royal Mail Steam Ship Company, arrived
here yesterday from the Clyde, where she was built. She is
of 26 tons burthen and 10 horse power ' • length 70 feet,
breadth of beam 4. The new yacht left Glasgow in com-
pany with the Jackall tender, and arrived in the Mersey
yesterday, shortly after 12 o'clock. She is a beautiful
looking craft.

FIRE IN ANCOATS, MANCHESTER, YESTERDAY.
Yesterday afternoon, a fire broke out in the premises of Mr.
Thomas Rowley, butcher, Great Ancoats Street. It was
Bonn discovered by police constable 46 B, who immediately
gave information to Mr. Rose, at the police yard, Clarence
Street, Mr. Rose, with an engine and a strong body of fire-
men, were, within a few minutes afterwards on the spot, but
their services were not required, the fire having in the m
an-
time been extinguished by the neighbours. The damage
done is trifling, and the origin of the fire is unknown.

THI: GREEN3iAN.—On Saturday", all the
Epassengers by the Silas Greenman were landed, and the
nglish and Irish emigrants went to their respective lodging-
houses, the Germans going to the Emigrant's Home, Moor-

fields. Of the latter, eleven had been attacked with di'aiThcea,
and were removed to the Hospital. No further cases of
cholera have occurred amongst them. Until those at present
lodged there are in a position to leave, no emigrants in
addition will be received in the Emigrant's Home. Every
precaution has been taken to prevent the spread of cholera
amongst those who were on board the Silas Greenman. This
week, the arrivals of German emigrants have been very
limited in number.

FIRE. IN BROUGHTON.—At a late hour on Friday
night, information reached the Town Hall, Salford, that the
premises of Messrs. Farnall and Griffiths, timber merchants,
Broughton, were on fire. The chief constable, Mr. Taylor,
with his usual vigilence, was in a few minutes afterwards
on the spot, accompanied by the Nile engine, and a strong
body of the fire police. On getting into the timber yard,
they found that there was no water there, and no news of
getting it there. U nder these circumstances, Mr. Taylor
formed a line of men from the scene of destruction to the
river, about a hundred yards distant, and in this way,
buckets of water supplied the tub, by which the engines are
got into operation, and the fire was speedily extinguished.
It appears that the fire originated in the boiler-house, and
it is supposed to have been caused by the overheating of a
quantity of wood placed there to dry. The damage done is
estimated at £4O or £5O.

DEATH-BY DnowND:G.—An inqiiest was held be-
fore the borough coroner, on Saturday last, on the body of
Mr. James Chapman, of the Sefton Arms, London-road, who
lost his life under the following circumstances :—On Sunday
week, he went with a friend, named Mr. George Barker, by the
three o'clock boat to Eastham. After partaking of dinner and
other moderate refreshment there, the party returned to the
ferry, and -got on board the boat " Birkenhead," and the
deceased, who, his friend swore, was not tipsy, said, " I will
stand over here, George," getting over the bulwarks at the
same time to a sort of grating before the paddle-box. Mr.
Barker thinks that in getting over he overbalanced himself,
and thus fell overboard. Although an immediate alarm was
~riven, and the boat stopped, deceased was lost. On Thurs-
day last, thebody was found at Seacombe Slip. The verdict
was acidentally drowned,