The Express.
London, England, 1868-08-10 00:00:00

2FIJRZIOY MAILS.

%mistimes, Acorn B.—The Romberg and American Coo-
• t's *Mawr Osmond% from New York/ kaigived here with
108 imengera for thi port
s , Vann, and /Lam ; ks of
▪ and doh, in weds fm lzindaa, 7,680 dasots dor
Limburg.
DrAPATCIII NI .1.13 'Crux!. MAMA. Sornwarmag.
Annftriaum, B.—The renaming. and Oriental Co
y- meals mpenY'e stinnistep
ptain Christian, sailed hence to-da wab ior
r•MraltaCar the Meditermaean, Egypt, India, Japan, and
Australia: She took out 6f Lira and H 6 second clams
also on tret
_a full cargo, Including gold rota
194,91111vand Jewellery, Meld tadad,witchm, SWAN itc.
;7,751 tee. Id.
BoaniivlLitt.;-fki. es, AUOillir&—Tbe PeniMeilar and Oriental
Oompany's steamer Sumatra, from Bombay July ft, arrived at
10 a.m. to-day.
OnavAap AIRMAN Xstr..-4mrserows, Arouse 9.-gibe
Cunard Royal Mail steamaliip China arrived here from Liverpdol
at 8 am. te-day, 'embarked In supplementary seeks of mails, pin-
&engem, and Wei telegrama, and prooseded for New York at 330
p.m-. All well.
Qvizirrowsr Aniner 9.--The Inman Rossi Nan steamer City
of Cork, from Halifax on the Stet ult.,
_arrived here at 8.30 am.
to-day with 47,860 dal.. in specie. She landed mails and paMen-
gees and proceeded for Liverpool immediately. All mil.

ST. NAZAIRE, Au°CV' B.—lntelligence brought
from Mexico by the h-ance states that the affair of the
Chanticleer has not led to any further rupturef Purt-au-
Prince was still besieged by the troops of Northern Hayti.
Tim AMERICAN AND CANADIAN MAIL STEAMERS
DrE AT Irrxeroox Yete Wsie.—The following stemma-e
ale due at Liverpool this week with the Amsnosn aid
Canadian mails :—To-morrow (Tuesday), the Inman Com-
pany's steamer City of Paris, with ethical from New York
to August 1, and the Allan Company's steamer itibaraisin
with corresponding dates from Quebec, may be a
to reach the Mersey. On Saturday next thentat
steamer Java, with the mails from New Yorke* August
6th, will no doubt reach LiverpooL The steam-are taking
the outgoing American and Canadian mails this week are
the City of Antwerp, for New York, on Wednesday; the
Austrian, for Quebec, on Thursday; and the Cube, for
New York, on Saturday.
THE FLORIDA AND CUBA Tzmnurinc CABLE.
—A telegram received in London yesterday states that
the cable which Sir Charles Bright, M.P., was in
enelat
layingbetween Florida and Cuba has been lost, an r that
the attempt to recover the cable of last year, which had
broken, was also unsuccessful. It is stated that the cable
ran out when some miles short of Cube.. The end was
buoyed, but in the course of the night it was carried away
by the current, and all attempts to and it have since
failed. There was, wo are informed, no pilot on board.
Railway Neers.
ATLANTIC AND GREAT WESTERN RAILWAY.—
Mr. &Dithers, the late secretary to the committee of ad-
minntration, has been appointed to the office of auditor
of the Atlantic and Great Western Railway, and soiled on
Saturday for America to commence his duties. Ms atten-
tion is to be eepeoially directed to the accounts connected
with the expenditure of the line, anti iµ Whigh it is coati-
dandy anticipated $ very considerable earbig may yet b 3
effecteGL Railway Mere: '
The prices of Ellirninian's Tama are greatly TO-
dared; dlelb• wellaserwa Newirlent, has award a bast et
zor.ledu!
yritatinas ; therBod7LotoZ.
PYaao~kal~ tepee
Pare Tea" conteetioneM swans is Loudon. lasi"
, itwritllntOS-lA4ustassrsaaaLl

The datetice of the f.di.c hair trade furnish
curious 'evidence of the increased and Wen:using
artificiality of the age. Male wigs have gone out
of fashion, and it is the enormous quantities of
false hair used by !tidies which have tho vast
rise in its price. Thin Las gene up 445) per cent.
within tee last dozen years, while four times di
much is used now an at that period. Sixteen
times as much money is consequently spent upon
this article of adornment in the preAere year as
was devoted to it in 1866 -a suggeetive faze ter the
swains who are now admiring the silken trey es of
their fair partners in the dunce, or at the sea-side
promenade. Those who only know false leer from
the curious lumps of it in the hairdmiscrs' windews,
and from a general suspicion that they see it on
the beads of some of their friends, cannot form a
notion of the extent to which the trade: in it is car-
ried on. It has wholesale dealers with large ware-'
houses, and skilled labourers constuntly at w..e.e.
kis manufactured to meet the wishes and the persee
of all dame of society, from the six-penny frisett
1 sold to fill out the sparse leek; of the servant-of-
all-work, to the ten-guinea head of hair nettle up
to aid the beauty. of a duchess.. To visit one of its
great emporiums is to become a wiser, if not a
sadder man. There may be sera samples of hair
by the thousand, all of which have been cut from
living beads for money, to be sold again. At one
of these last week, huge canvass sacks, each weigh-
ing 15011 a., and contat* • g about six hundred
heads of hair, were standing unpacked m ono of
the workshops. These give out a close and fusty
smell, suggesting sonic furrier's establielunent
where none but coarse and common furs are sold..
The sacks stand on end, and are hard as well as
bulky from tight packing. They have crossed the
Channel recently, their contents having been cut
principally from French and Gomm heads. One
is cut open fur our benefit, and a strange variety
of matted, greasy, unpleasant-looking hair is
seen. Here is the iron-grey of tiadle-life, the no :my
white of old age, the brown and blaek and *men
of comparative youth. all rnnghl' twisted up
together like so many piebald horses tails. Some
of the hair is long, some short. some ware:. some
fine, 'some neglected and dirty, some carefully
combed and clean. There is a ready dew ud for
all, and all will be submitted to some tw y di.-
tinct processes before it is offered for sale. Long
massive tresses are taken out of the sat z and
spread on the table for our instruction. This is
hair in its natural state as cut from the head, and
we are begged to note the difference between it
and the " manufactured" hair as sold. This is
very great. The latter has been cote het and
washed, and in many cases dyed. Ea 11 indi-
vidual hair has been passed through wl:at looks
like a fixed small-tooth comb, and lass been
coaxed, and teased, and tortured, until tho
mystery is that there should Le ally of it ;eft. It
is then sorted according to its colour, and sold
to retail houses by the ounce. It was rather
melancholy to find that grey or white
hair is the most valuable of all ; and
that false bait which is long as well as
grey commands the highest price front the num-
ber of old ladies wishing to counterfeit nature
while preserving the insignia of years. The finest
specimens of this elderly hair will sell for as much
as two guineas an ounce ; while the very best
black or brown will sell for from eighteen shillings
to a guinea, and the best flaxen at about a guinea
and a half. The latter variety is, be the quality
what it may, about fifty per cent. dearer than
black or brown hair, while white or grey fetches
more than the latter by one hundred per cent.
For it is unnecessary to say that much of the hair
sold is far less expensive than that just quoted.
Quality, colour, and length deten JJ ill c its price,
which ranges front a few shillings an ounce
upwards. After the hair bias been colohi.il and
washed and dried it is folded into oblong
parcels, such as large skeins of silk or
worsted are kept in in the slops. Fair
Saxon hair is still gteatly iu demand, and as the
stock of it must leti kept up, many of the other
colours have to be stained W the favourite hue.
But dyeing Lair is far less easy when it has been
cut from the head. The natural perspiration of
the human subject acts with the chemical coin-
pounds used, and it is the boast of the fashionable
hairdresser that heoan change the hair. to any colour
by a few applications of leis famous washes.
Great certainty is moreover expressed as to the
shade which will be produced, and' dark brown,
or flaxen, or black, can be prognosticated with as
much certainty as if those colours were put on
temporarily with a paint brush, This, according
to the hairdressers, is the reason why mule wigs
have gone out. " Where men used to shave the
head and wear a wig when they were turning
grey, they now dye their hair, end where
they are bald they greet a beard, and,- if
necessary, dye it," was the explanation given
in by an eminent profeseor of the art of hair
dressing and dyeing. The ,artiSce of the male amt
differs therefore from that of the female not so •
much in degree as in mode, for while the latter
Wear false hair, ehei former gite false eqlour to
their own. Bat formerly there was no medium
in dying. Thethair and whiskers of am• elderly
man were either a bluish. Mad or white, :as - lie
dyed or let nature leve her way. The proceeding.
was so painfully obvious as seemly to amount to
deception, and the purgatorial way in which mein
had to sit, with their heads covered with lime
powder and cabbage leaves until their colour
changed from grey to blade added to the horrors
of the situation. The liquid dyes invented and
improved during the present generation act' che-
mically on the hair without staining the skin, and
are by comparison cleanly- and convenient. _
Hence, according to. the hairdressers, the
enormous increase in dyed hair, and the re-'
duction in the sale of wigs- to men: But
the abnormal demand for'light hair has put both
the dealers and their fair 'customers to consider-
able inconvenience. The lady who had stained
her hair to what she considered' the- fashionable
colour had in many instances attained, a tinge
unlike any other thing on earth." When, therefore,
she wanted a new 'chignon, or tresses to match
her latest hue, it was impossible to procure them.
No shade of flaxen but by the side of her own
metallic yellow would seem dell and &Ai wed.
the only way out of the diffieulty was to artiti-
cially stain the hair a gold until it looked as un-
natural as the hair growi4.: But, as we have said,
it is by no means easy to ensure a given shade in
hair once cut from the bead ; and twenty dyeings
is no unusual number for it to go through before
the coveted colour is attained. Each time it is
dipped in the dye it has to be dried, so that
the process is not a little tedious:" We saw
from fifty to a hundred batches of light hair
hung up on strings to dry, the majority of which
would have to be dyed again. Through the window
of the room in winch thew :were, a long line tif
jetty black ringlets might be seen swaying to and
fro in the sun, and looking in their extreme glos-
siness and deep-set hue uncommonly like so many
black crows swinging from the string above.
But these are but examples of what was to be
seen on every side. The quantities of the hair
around us seemed endless. Drawers, chests, boxes,
and packing-cams were full. None, we were
assured, is cut from corpses. There is a certain
deadness and harshness which an experienced hand
recognises immediately in all hair not taken from
a living subject. But the earions"eirennestanees
under which it had been parted with, the poverty,
the sickness, the sorrow, the ignorance, and the
vice forcibly suggested themselves as we turned
over mass after main of hninMi heir, donned,
sorted, arid sid,e; for all the World as
if it were so much fir'. Alo Vibe aan aft is it to Ina—
prove the hair front the Condition in which

We should mention that a considerable trade
exists in false beards, utuustachtu, and whiskers.
During the American war a vast number of these
were sent out to the United States, and a steady
demand continued until the peace. Our informant
did not profess to account either for the sudden
want of whiskers and beards, or for its equally
sudden cessation. But the fact is curious, that the
demand lasted as long as the war, and gradually
dropped off at its close. The moustache and
whisker, like the best wig-fronts and scalps, are
based upon a fine net work of white hair, through
which the skin of thi wearer shows, and a
"parting" is secured which fairly rivals
nature. Our investigatio.us have been made
among some of the largest wholesale dealers
in human hair, as as at setae of the most
farLiotaible retail shops. Both al sem(' in the me-
tropolis. The penalty of such inquiries is, that
they inevitably leave a hideous doubt upon the
mind of the reality of curls, or chignons, or tresses.
When art imitates nature so w lerfully, and
where—as figures and professional witnesses prove
to us—a large proportion of the female population
avail themselves of art, it becomes exceedingly
difficult to draw the line between the two. After
seeing and handling hair taken from many thou-
sands of heads, and being taught its use, the beffef
is pardonable, if morbid, that false locks are almost
as common as real ' • and that whenever they ire
especially beautiful, they should awaken most
distrust.—Daily News.

Professors D. T. Ansted, M.A., F.R.S. Thos.
L. Donaldson, member of the Institute of France, and
Robert Kerr, F.R.LB.A., with Dr. Edwin Lanbester,
F.H.8., and Mr. Charles Reed, F.8.A., have ooneented
to become vice-preoideuts of the Publ.c Museums and
Free Libraries Association. Professor Donaldson, it may
be membered, Me ark !Vivo and saeoessful co-worker
with the late Mr. Joseph Hume, M.P., aid Mr. Foggo, in
the movement-lee the public these splendid
ethanments of, • csittstrcal architecture, the English
cathedrals . .
THE WESLEYAN COXFERENCE.—The conference
was resumed as Saturday at Liverpool. After the devo-
tional services, the vote of thanks to the Rev. W. Arthur,
postponed ou Friday, wise very hou-ti4 accorded. It was
moved by the Rev. John Farrar, seconded by the Rev. Dr.
Wieldy supported by the Rev. Imam tartar', that the
cordial 'thanks of the conference be Situp to the Rev: W.
Arthur, M.A., for his able, prectudil,- arid affectionate
charge delivered to the newly-oritairryi ministers at Pitt-
street chapel. It was resolved that .tie Weld Man 110168
to be & distinct district, and that it be added to the Liver-
ol district. The Rev. John, Chilow, who for the past
years has, ender the direction of the °deed/anal
cea3mittee, acted in the aupeoity at Bustle, echoed visitor,
read a retort of his investigatious and labours in coenec-
lion with his department. The adoption of the report,
which will in doe time ho printed, was moved by the Rev.
Luke Wiseman. seconded hp the Rev. Thomas Hughes,
and carried unanimously. The on dial thanks of the con-
ference were tendered to the Rev. Mr. Clulow far his
very rideable senses. The address Of the Canadian eon-
fm ence was read and adopted.
YOEKSTTME AGENTLTCRAT. MEETTNO.—In ode-
sequence of the uariersal harvest operations the attend-
ance on the three days full very tar short of last year.
On Thursday only 6487 visitors paid, but there has seldom
been a larger or more fashionable county gathering of the
sort than in the horse ring stand ea Wednesday. It is
proposed to have the horned show in tutor* on the first
day. Mr. Thompson's horse Iris best Thu celebrated mare
Lady Derwent, and all the other drat prise huntersior
the president's cup. Beverley .has been unanimously
chosen as the place of meeting for next year.
LEGAL VALEE OF AS. ACCTIONEERS. CATALOOVE.
—At the Ormskirk County °part, ou Saturday, Mr. lashes
Platt, auctioneer. of Southport, sued Mr. Themsellentley,
br (ler; Wigan, for 131.10 e., at which a hvshead ofi claret
had been knocked down to defendant's wife at a safe at
Southpoe t. In the catalogue of sale it war announced that
&hogshead of trine onitaitangialdomus" wouldbesoffered.
At the commencement of the solo the plaintiff, who was
auctioneer, stated that he would not guarantee conanittles,
bet it could not be sheein that this was said in the presence
of„Mrs. Bentley, who was declared to be the purchaser. The
plaintiff swore that she did not repudiate the on
the day of the male. In Loving his declass tut
Wheeler, the judge,. mid thew was no doubtabatithe
statement in the printed catalogue was facie the
' beds of the contract between the pardon Thee eastatiet
*donated of variation, but the variation mug be deer and
distant, and so made as to be within the knowledge of the
at the time the lot was sold. Auctioneers should
parties
eceedingly parUcuhir in their printed catalogues; and
althoughitwould be hard to holdthem to theletter of them,
it would be still harder to the public if them was not acme
degree of faith to be attached to them, It was quite dear
en auctioneer must be held resiblio.lier. laic catalogue,
and if he sought to fix a purchaser upon terms diSemt
from the catalogue, the evidence =stile clear that U.
difference was brought home to the.sasind d thii par-
chum when he made his bid.. As at.tras,not prorpt/ that
that had been done in this cuss, the Teiinct must. hei for
the defendant with costa.
Works of art in god, siiver,dostitplells, Wise,
retrer.' ft=llSlTtie"
=Mr. um • 4,4415i..rwc 9443Aa.
CMBitzAztArr.—lttril 0065.40gateifitrar
. atitAtierb"`itiye.

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