The Express.
London, England, 1857-10-31 00:00:00

LONDON, IItATUNDAT, OCTOBia 81.

Tat sudden death of Owen! CAVAIONAC has
removed from the scene one of the most ecompiencee
meters is the great revolution of 161 e. ECOIMR
CAVAIIMAC was bore a Paris the 16th December,
lere2, and was consequently in his 38th year at the
tirasof lie decease. Ilia father wee an old tasinher
of the National Convention, sad the Benue Dictator
of 1618 was reared in the uncompromising repub-
liesaivat of 1792. The yew CAVAJONAC adopted
the military career, sod early evinced the influence
of those principks to which through his
whole life he adhered with Spartan tenacity.
Hie openly avowed republicanism led to
his employment. with other hot and ardent spirits,
le the wan of Africa in the early days of Loots
PHILIPPE. His military career in Algiers wee one
of high diarist-ties. ladostitable energy, complete
self.znasteey, • calculating heed, and a stoical inte-
grity of elsereeter, singled him oat as a man mi.
meetly fitted for high menseand. In DM he sue
seeded Lemont( !riot in the command of the Pro
elect of Oran, sad in Fel:every, 18101, by we of the
Mt mete of the Provisional Government, he wit
raised to the Governor.Genevalship of Algeria. Ile
remained in command of the province until, having
been elected in his absence a delegate to the National
Assembly, he returned to Perim about the middle of
May. Shortly after hie arrival he was nominated
Minister of War. The times required the iron hand
elf a determined soldier, and the party of the Mode-
rate Republicans believed they had found in
Tits. sac the sole shield of France against the horrors
of anarchy. The terrible insurrection of Jane burst
forth. On the second day of that tremendous struggle,
the PrOTiliellal Government resigned, and CA-
VAIGNAC was named Dictator. On the evening of
the fourth day's fighting, after • frightful eavnage,
CAVAIGVAC remained ouster of the City—ifid of
Prance. At that moment the successful soldier who
had resoled society from anarchy might, sword io
hand, have converted a temporary dictatorship into
a permanent rule. But CAI' tIONAC had no amulet
aims. He had saved his country, and he re-
quired to more. Then came the election for
the Patvitieer, and the return of Loeti NAPOLEON
by • vast majority. CAVAIONAC played his
part with the dignity of true greatnese; holding
aloof from all that scene of factious littleness which
wearied out the patience of France; serving his
country as he could; holding fast by his principles
without compromise and without compliance. When
Boatemerit streek the decisive blow in December,
1831,CAVANMAC yea seized and imprisoned with the
rest et the known opponents of the usurpation. He
was, however, seen released, and ham since continued
to reside principally in prance. The election, of
last Rammer, in which be wan twice returned by a
decisive majority se a member of the Corps Lecith-
in& for the third circumscription of Paris, threatened
again to (owe him from his dignified retirement into
the arena of public life. It was generally aaderitood
that CAVAIGNAC /ma determined not to take the oath
to the new dynasty amemary Writable him to act in
his legislative capacity; still the arrival of the period
at which his resolve mast bare been finally made
known, was looked for by the whole Republiesa
party in France with NO little satiety. Death has
released him from that necessity of making this
election, and the EMPEROR from the embarrassment

which would hare been created by either his consent
or his refusal to 'erre. The esteem of men of all
parties will follow this brave and sincere soldier to
his tomb. Frame has not produced a character
of more massive heroism. of so stern a self-denial, of
so elevated a muse of duty.

Tnr English army, now or lately on its way to
India, is threatened with a repetition of the horrors
of the Crimea on a more colossal scale. A letter
from Calcutta, which will be found in another
column, shows that the local authorities have proved
themselves incapable of forwarding the soldiers, in-
tercepted on their way to China, with the requisite
devpatch to the interior, and that they had been
equally unable to provide properly for them in Cal-
cutta. Though the number of soldiers who had arrived
was under four thousand, the greater part of them
were, after many days delay, still kept on board
the overcrowded transports moored in the river,
in the most unhealthy month of the year. Even
the men of the 33rd—who had been for
some time at Calcutta and Itarrackpore—were.

when on guard during the Mohurrum, left without
food for forty•cight hours. If things are thus mis-
managed in the capital—almost on the sea board—
what are we to expect in the interior ? But we are
not left to conjecture. We know how many
steamers broke down in succession with the Marius
Brigade under Captain Pert. We know that at
lout one vessel carrying soldiers, on board of which '
cholera had broken out, had to be detained some
days on her way up-country to be cleansed and
fumigated. We know that when General Nittu.
arrived at Alla/tubed there was not one Commis-
sariat officer there, and that all means of obtaining
supplies were wanting. We know that HAszLocieti
tome have segued more from the deficiencies in the
sommisseriat arrangements than in battle. Some
tines ago a letter from a civil engineer apposed
is a provincial paper, describing the sufferings films
huger—in one Ms even unto death—of fugitives
from Allahabad conveyed down the Genres in
Governmest steamer,. Parallel cases are related by
Wise w/o bay, reached this country. It is bored

litllspo
a doubt that no adequate means o ....
rt,Z3
adequate commismariat urea ex'
where throughout the territori. . . the
saint at Fort William. ‘; r„....... • “ ..-••,
Now, if the authorities at Calcutta have peeved
thus incompetent in the transport and provi-
sioniag of 110111 g 7,000 soldiers and a few
hundred fugitives, how will matters stand when
the 25,000 men from England pour in upon them
Eight miles of bad road before Sebastopol, with the
' aid of an inclement winter and blundering officials,
sufficed to decimate a gallant army and till every home
in England with mounter*. The troops now on their
way to India will have to be removed from the sea-
board as many hundreds of miles as the martyrs to
commissariat mismanagement in the Crimea novo

ekes miles. The climate of Bengal and Behar,
Nod even of the North-Western Provinces, is fir
more trying to the constitutions of unacclimatistJ
Englishmen than the severities even of a Crimean
winter. A large proportion of our soldiers will reach
Calcutta immediately after the termination of
the rains—at the most deadly season of the
year. They will find no proper accommedation,

no aufficient supplies of food ; and they will be
doomed to the listless ennui of inaction, which is
almost certain death under the unaccustomed
peeve of a tropical climate amid awampe. Unleas
t►e commissariat and transport arrangements of the
Indian Government are iminstieurably improved be-

fore their arrival they will ills off in hundreds.