The Express.
London, England, 1850-10-23 00:00:00

NAVAL

rains Bsk-

ADMIRALTY, OCT. 22.—.
den lob. Acting Boatswain.
PRIZE MONET.
Mom tad night's Gook)
IRlTlL—Notice is Riven to the °Elan
and crow of her Malest)'s ship Amphitrite, that the tonnage
bounty far the slave.ussel Triomphe de Brasil,
19th May, 1848, also the ateve teed tomato hotiohogsair tre
ilecoado de Jiabo, Gartered 254 July, 1848, will be paid to
times who are settled to sham, or to their repreoutativee
duly authorised to naive the suss ea Tuesday, the 29th
instant, at No. 13. Cleaset'sdua, Minot saddle dames not
then dusanded will he re-called, at the same pie" fee three
swaths, agreeable to Act of Parliament.
Triumph° di Brasil.
E. a. d. C. s. d.
Camosdere 8 15 21 Eighth elm .... 0 10 8
TWO oleo
Thtrdelw 213 4 Tomb olass 0 6 4
Fourth slues .... 1 6 8 Eleventh Maas
Fifth dates
Sixth aloe
Bsmath elm

Taz

o
£ s.d. £ s.d.
Commodore 67 16 31 Biahth arm .... 6 8 0
Firer elms 272 1 8 ltioth dor 4 1 71
Third elms 27 4 2 Tenth ohm 214 6
Fourth elms .... 13 12 1 Bismuth elan
Filth alms
Bird elms 8 3 3 Thirteeadt shim.. 1 0 41
Smooth dose 6 16 04
Notice is also ``iron to 0 dims sad crew of the
Amphitrite (Mr Majesty's Air Bier sad Webb' is sow
What ties tonaege bmaty La the dem Tessa Curies°,
Nth 7w, 1848, will be paid to those who ore
le don, or to their repromatadeas duly authorised
M missive the ems, on Teseday, the 29th Met, et No. 13.
aserlerelm. Bireed, sad ths shores am tam dsmoadod
ell be lembed, at the mate plate, tar three maths, spree-
ebb lo ma of parliament
t
Clammolore
net aim
Thielsims 4 12 81 Tenth ohms 0 9 31
Fes* Mae .... 2 6 41 Eleventh elms
211111elais
thillidess
Sem& dem , 1 3 2
Foam, DIDPAVS, Amt.

its Jolho.

THE ESTATES OF ENGLAND.

BURY, Orr. 11.
The egrieultersl eye moms to be turned tram all
parte of the Magda' Is Buy, or to Bromley ; the
emit de be MR Weirs to be restated. It some of
year modem
is comilhive forgettea it, they will gather the
bib hem theakation.
Dory, Lord Stanley y. (in kis Labe to Mr. G. F.
Yang. the ease day, etraoawlsti epodes, hem par
ereteeda gives'. ezeeptimiel ohmmeter to the Item had
IS from the rest of the kingdom, it being. a
town. 4imileguallirilhe cry Agri:tad Boag rioty, he hie a
sPwacyhs into
Mr. Yong :-
1 rigid, in 'paha a mew seelay thimisisset,
te diliess bedbug erase, sad beam* rehmkg
hiromat leglibalvo mown; te ash tee rodeo Irby, to
Ishii my °daises co the laholsei and MIMS demur
of Mom sousates to the sariaaltatsl Won't semodb, I yet
the there woo roam he probable larsausat la do jar.
*air ablest to whisk I woo lipsakieg. Thies rooms I
aimed m be, dna, that It vat est a surnindsehoirlot, sad
tarn eiehd by be arise et one; ma, tad set being
aristra ego &hid, abed dm dmatipeo
des mad fee th probes, sad se eslialtal
apply of mow is to nay does ; ea* lastly thee pros
patios ot Wag wholly liabelase_ inn
of osier, the awls emotion st biteleg. min k mer
it
the Chubb* ads (away bode be shire) woad booed
the predestinates of the led, whisk weed amply ropey
the emley. The hot Is, teat the easittrY Nod Barr
la either la grim er vadro gross mops lob the apply
of liko gnat simaliatariag terms. mad • macs et
ft Wag high h batter fiord for amis
omen then he say ether ; s miss cook hi the
bat • wiry mall per
Via eta is WWI far say is dos, mad • cal
saris an whist. It la, *evokes, afar es the ma laws
ms airreata. ma mainly ssamptioad use—ead I took ears
se t• law h.

To form a correct opinion of Lord Stanley's posi-
tion, it is necessary to know the other district., of
Lancashire is whith he has delivered the same
ainisitice, to drain, uproot old flaws, sad fertilise
in mellow he did at Baty. I have not his speech."
Adhered at the visions Liverpool Agricultural
Ilaskty's dinners to refer to, while writing
bat I affirm that he has over and
seer dad the establishment of that society in
1840, and drop the corn laws wan repealed,
urged oa thr farmers of the corn-growing dis-
tricts lug es, or bordering on, the red sand stone
drag tits lower half of Lancashire, and comprising
I parted Cheshire, to do all those things which he re.
maid in what he ails the "exceptional case" of
Baty. I have before ere the list of prizes awarded
male his presidency for ten years for crops grown
sad Improvements effected by farmers, not a few of
this his father's tenants, who had the annual privi-
lege of listening to his after-dinner oratory and—
what shall I all the advice, die-interested, no, it
,said be a mockery of men's common judgment—his
I ewe disinterested advice. They are worth public.-
ties, and the more so, when the reasonsare known why
sea gedshatises, and some did not who yet had bather
farms (so says the opinion of the judge%
offal!' is the awards), than those obtaining prima,
ssest4, because the recipients of a prize bad effected
sffir draining, all removal of old hedgerow., all
squaring and laying out of new fields, ell planting of
Dew quakthorn hedgerows, all "applies of posts and
rails, to protect the new hedgerows, all roads, bridges,
es diadems; all new arrangements for giving and
liquid manure, all gates, paving of farm-
together with (in one ease building a back
), other improvement., without any aid from
die 'radioed ; while some of those not successful in
gultiag premiums, yet &egret to have expended
ens of their own money per acre, had been aided by
the landlord in the matter of quickthorn plants
and poets, and rails, to protect them, or tiles
for their drains. 'thee' are all in a corn-
growing district. I shall be able to give the exact
Imember of acres under the diff,rent kinds of cereal or
green crops on each farm in a .ucoeeding letter, to
• with expenses. These statistics are now being
for my use; but from personal knowledge
lolegreidlistriet in question, I have it impressed gene-
rally on my mind sufficiently exact to affirm that the
agriculture around Knowsley is not an exception to
that of most other cultivated counties of England.
Knowsley lies about seven miles north-east of
Liverpool, surrounded by a magnificent park, enclosed
by upwards of 12 miles of high wall, bounded on some
'sada by woods several miles beyond the park walls.
I The country due north fa 12 or 15 miles belongs to
the Earl of Derby, Lord Stanley's father. Origi.
rally it was the Hickerstaffe estate, and when raised
to the House of Lords, Lord Stanley took the &idio-
tism of Baron Stanley, of Bickerstaffe. Southward
and east, the country also belong. to Knowsley kr
several miles, but is intersected by other properties.
A referent,. to the publications of the tithe commis-
sion leads the curs: us inquirer into particulars of how
some of the immense property of the family Ind
acquired; their ancestors were diligent in the days of
church plunder. They are ownets to a vast extent of
" great tithes; and considerably of " small tithes,"
for which they neither perform religious services,
build churches, relieve the poor, nor " honour God," as
they should do according to the tenure by which such
lands were held at the institution of private property in
land. Westward to the estuery of the Mersey their pro-
perty extends, but is mingled with that of others.
Along the north shore *of Liverpool the corporation
of that town have obtained leave from the family on

Most hiprovident terms, to erect the new ducks
what was waste sands.

Forty and fifty miles north from Knowsley and
Liverpool, under, and at various distances from, the
town of Preston, the lard is theirs. In the wide dis-
trict of the Fylde where some of it lies, and to which
Lard Stanley Wails() directed his admonitory counsel
to" give the soil money and manure," the crops are
chiefly corn, alternated only with turnips and potatoes.
Preston borough, like North and South Lancastire,was
once thefrundisputed parliamentary property." A man
who bad worked 'out a few years before in a etonedelph
for 25.6d.a day." moths indignanthead of the house was
heard to say, but who bad become auoliessful in Pres-
ton as a cotton-spicuer, was refused leave to purchase
land (or to Fa it on a suitable lease) to build upon ;
and disappointed, threw his influentie, which was great
among the old pot-walloping voters before the Reform
Bill, into the sods of Henry Hunt, who defeated thi
Stanley in his own "proud Preston." The registra-
tion policy of the Anti-Corn Law League wrested both
South and North Lancashire from them and theirs

more recently.
Bury (upon which some say Lord Stanley has set
hie eye fur a family representation) is the centre
of another of the Knowsley properties, lying in a
south-eastern angle, from twenty to thirty
miles from the other estates. It is mostly
pasturage or building land. Part of Manchester
stands on this branch of the estate, also Bury, the
populous town of Pilkington with Rsteliffe, and many
towulike villages, the mills and other works built by
the kat Peals, and some other manufactories are
about yr fall to the Stanley. by the expiry of the
lives upon which the land was held. So also several
hones estates about Manchester, There some of the
lives have dropped, and others are infirm, old, and
reduced ; go that, in addition to the vast income
already enjoyed from tithe and land rental by the
Berl of Derby, there will shortly accrue to the family
an income (taking Liverpool and the new bargain
with the dock trustees into account) not to be .or-,
parsed by that of any family, perhaps not to be
equalled by the future income of the Grosvenor@ when
the building leases of Westminster, Belgravia, &c.,
fall in.
Bat Lord Stanley'. dictum, in the debate on the
Greek affair, Jane, 18.10, may yet be quoted in the
legislators in settling the future burdens of taxation
upon such properties—namely, that Mr. Finlay might
have a just claim for his land at Athens, so far as
he paid for or added value to it, but not for a value
extrinsic to anything he did I There are people
already—not destructing, not communists, but prac-
tical seosomista—who, in their seal to obtain the
greatest results from the least expenditure of means,
speak of that agricultural society over which Lord
Stanley Ina presided ten years, and which gives
aka, to lessate who bsar all expeues of lug
sateen, wlie welds all capital, All risks,
as ua sasisty ie ply off the national debt, or relieve
industry it tam% by 'haw* where taxes may be
levied milked Way to preadie eapital." The re-
vinare that will Waken the led around the Liver-
pni new does, bees the vast lessen already flow-
ing Into the Ismeday aid yet to Sow, kr
leave to be ledestriens, horn , Manchester,
Buy, PaWaimk, awl Preston, Id at expleditane
of a shilliag,--ge Lit et timid, word, or ask el any
Sulky, dead e Ithg, or yet to live, is alead7 a
"sew wide bee pmeleal lasses and pinto-
wide essasolitis me eels the bodes ci fears &-
mak& Del edit ast the quad* new bake ma.

I lad a common opinion among the Stanley
tenantry to be, that, no matter whether they be
growers of corn or milkers of cows, he never in-
tended them to believe his assertions that agriculture
was reined beyond the power of tenant farmers to
pay rent. Its doubtless true that the Bury district
aseseptible of great improvement by drainage,
, &e. ; the success of Mesas. Wrigley, the
close to Bury, Mr. Knowsley, and one
are two ether capitalists, proves what changes can be
&Wed by a liberal, skilful, yet prudent expenditure
despite! to the pasturage. There is some tillage
around the town, 90 tons of Swedes per acre (aferage
of a Redd), have been got, and on the mossy
lands esormoas crops of potatoes and oats, but
the culture of grass for soiling cattle indoor,
is chiefly attended to. But why have not the ordi-
nary occupiers succeeded in like manner? Lord
Stanley insinuates they are poor—too paor to be
favoured witbra lease of their farms. This being so,
one naturally asks why, in a district abonedirg with
capital, the farms do not attract men of greater sub-
stance P The moon why is on the surface, staring
you in the face: the Stanley tenants everywhere, and
all the tenants in the Bury district, be they
holders under Lord Derby, Lord Wilton, Lord Elles-
mere, or whom they may, are yearly holders, liable
at six months' notice to turn out and practi-
cally are turned out, for a wrong vote, or
other misbehaviour, as menial servants may be dis-
charged from Knowsley Hall. Since the meeting at
Bury, three weeks ago, it has transpired that some
tenants have been told by the Earl of Derby's agent
that they may, on condition of giving security that
they will completely drain and remodel their harms,
have a leas, for nine years!
The name of a Knowsley tenant, who was
awarded a premium in 1849, has just come under
my notice in that curious list before rcierred to. By
the judges, acting under Lord Stanley's presidency,
iit s stated that " the farm contains 56 awes "
(Che-
shire or statute measure not specified), " the soil a
good dark loam resting on a subsoil of clay, gravel,
or sand. He has laid 280 yards of rosin drains with
stones 6 inches by 6 inches hollow, and covered with
stone covers : also 560 yards et side drains with
stones of a triangular form, and 16 inches hollow—
in both cases covered with edge dressings, clppings,
and brushwood. Mains 7 to 8 feet deep, and side
ones 5 to 6 feet deep, and from 15 to 21 yards min-
der. Work rather expensive, bat well done, and
produces very good effects on the land, the subsoil
being favourable for draining. Ditches, water-courses,
and ontfalls open and clear." Relied in that manner
drained six acres, and his premium to encourage him,
a tenant at will, to do his whole farm at his own ex-
' penes was—what do you think ? Three pounds !
• Such is the encouragement to agriculture which
leads Lord Stanley to Bury, unblushing, unabashed,
' to found a new society.