The Express.
London, England, 1857-11-24 00:00:00

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LONDON, TUESDAY, NOVEMBER 21.

Toll' remarkable year I likely to end in taxing
oar courage and our patriotism more and more. Such
remarkable years, when one calamity has succeeded
another, month after month, are painful or satis-
factory to look back upon, according to the temper
in which they are sustained. There is no doubt
whatever about the noble emotions with which the
next generation will revert to the year of the
great Indian Mutiny, when everybody was
brave and dutiful, and the heroism mani-
fested on the scene of suffering was responded
to by the high tone of sympathy and devotedness at
home. It ought to be the same in regard to the
newer =Wordier', by which • multitude of the
working class are rendered dependent for sub-
sidence, probably for the whole winter, on their
neighbours or society at large. We have not lost
the impreadon, after an interval of fifteen years, of
the virtues manifested in the period of distress
ending in 1842, when the heroic patience of the
operatives of the kingdom, and the munificent
liberality of the manufacturers, convinced everybody
that great progress had really been made in the
enlightenment of the working else*, and in the
establishment of a right understanding between
them and their employers. If a few such events as
the l'reston strike have since somewhat shaken the
general contidence in regard to the progress made,
we trust that the conduct of all parties under the
difficulties of the coming winter will renew the hest
satisfactions of fifteen years ago, at mach less cost of
suffering all round.
We have already expressed our conviction of the
vast good that may be done, in an exceptional period
of distress like the present, by liberal private assist-
ance, judiciously rendered to the most prudent
order of sufferers, preserving their self-respect, and
obviating predate upon the Rates. Those who bare
savings may be helped to eke them out by aid which
is not charity ; and again, when the savings are ex-
hausted, the necessary aid may be afforded at much
less expense than is commonly supposed, if food end
warmth only are wanted. Where shelter, bedding,
and clothing are all respectable, the mere food
(which includes warmth to a great extent)
can be provided at small cost. In 1842,
there were employers in Lancashire who, when
really unable to run their mills any longer
at a lees, had private consultations with their beet
men, and found that by very small advances for the
family food, stores and hundreds of families could
be, and were, kept off the Rates, and preserved from
letting their furniture and clothes go for • mere
trifle. At the present time, we understand, some of
the Lancashire manufacturers are supplying a certain
amount of food to the men who were lately relying
on them for employment throughout the winter.
The incident is hopeful in two ways—as indicating
an expectation that work will be resumed ere long,
and as exhibiting a right understanding between
the two parties.
It should be borne in mind, in connexion with the
subject of private aid given to the best order
of sufferers, that the employers in the manu-
facturing districts are among the chief loners
from the existing financial pressure. Their markets
are closed for the time; their stock is depreciated in
value; they have to pay high for monetary accom-
modation ; and they have been, ss a class, losers by
the failures abroad and at home. If the labouring
classes are the chief sufferers, their employer; come
next ; and such aid as will save a pressure on the
workhouaes ought to come mainly from those who
differ least. Country gentlemen, fundholders, and
annuitants of all sorts—the classes least affected by
commercial reverses—arc those who should charge
themselves with the sort of assistance we are point-
ing out. When times become sufficiently bad, good
people find that the more they give, the more
they can give, and like to give. When their
methods of spending and saving arc fairly
broken in upon, they are themselves surprised to
discover how easy it is to suspend their investments
for a year, and give op some indulgence, so as to
carry a few neighbours through the season of stress.
Now is the time for such to act ; and they will do it
liberally if they will but regard their outlay as their
share of the financial sacrifices of 1837.

As for the unthrifty and destitute among the
wovkpeople, they must be fed, of course ; bat more
general and lees delicate methods must be seed with
them; and the consideration must be simply how to
give the greatest amount of wholesome food and
ether nereesaries to the greatest number, outside the
workhouse. In 1842, and at times of popular hunger
since, it was proved that the cheapest diet, of a
nutritious and palatable quality, which can be sup-
plied to large numbers, is a certain mixture of
rice or Indian meal, with condiment,. Individuals
have supplied that food, a plentiful meal, hot and
well-relished, to some hundreds daily, at the cost of
one penny a he,cl (the materials and fuel, without
the cook's salary, the labour being the servants'
share of the charity). This is a hint which hundreds
of kindhearted middle-class people may avail them-
selves of. Anybody who desires to learn can die.
cover from prison reports and officials, from Surre's
books, ani from all who were concerned in feeding
the operatives in 1842 and the Irish in 1847 and
1848, what kinds of food are the best for their
money, and bow they may be cooked with the
greatest relish for the cost.

Now is the time, too, fur putting into action
the schemes we hear of in many directions fur
training girls to cookery in the kitchens of
cheap ordinaries, to be opened for the con-
reoience of workmen and trorkwassen whose