The Northern Daily Times.
Liverpool, Merseyside, England, 1856-12-22 00:00:00

AMERICA.

(FROM OUR OWN CORRESP3NDENT
• NEW YvliK, DEc. 9,.1856.
The, attention of the public has been principally
occupied during the plisC,:veek with
dent's Message—a dbeurnent which has.surprised
even his Mends. _

Throughout the Free States the Message has
been received with almost universal derision, or at
least, that portion of it vvbieli is devoted to the
slavery question. It is the first time since the
-Republic, was formed, that a President of the
ULitid Stites has taken advantage of lie position
toargue the Slavery question, and to misrepresentthe views of his opponents. Mr. Ple,-ce.unhesitat-
ingly ascribes views and objects to his 'palitical
opponents which they disclaim, and he omits facts
in reference to the conquest of Kansas, which are
the most important part of its history, He boldly
declares that the Missouri compromise was uncon
stitntional—that is, that Congreaa-had noTright to
keep Slavery out of the territories. It is_ very
strange that Jeffergion, Madison, Clay, and all the
great men of the past, and southern slaveholders
00, should have declared the prohibition constitu-
tional, and that it should have been left for
President Pierce, in these latter days, to discover
that they were all mistaken.
Yet Mr. Pierce 'does so, and, at the same time,
endeavours to fasten upon the_Repubiicaus the
stigma of
,disorganisers and disinnionFats, Whereas
they alone cling to the ancient order of things.
The Message has been thoroughly discussed in
the Senate, and the President has received several
scorching attacks. Mr. Butler, of South Carolina,
in the course of a speech, expressed a desire to
know who wroie a recent article upon American
Slavery in the Edinburgh Reniew, said article
having excoriated the, peculiar institution. In the
House the great bone of contention has been- the
question of Whitfield's reception its a delegate
from Kansas. Five, sixths of the inhabitants of
Kansas refused to vote in the list election there,
as, under the bogus laws of the territory, they were
obliged to swear fealty to Slavery before they could
vote. Under such inhuman laws Whitfield was
elected, not a sixth of the citizens voting.- -The
first day of the session the House rejected Whit.
field, but, upon endeavouring to reconsider the
vote and clinch the matter, the enemies of freedom
contrived:to put the matter -over, and, eventually
the Whitfield party will triumph, and he will be
received. • -a , •
In Kansas matters ate brightening ;an d evidently
because of the tienientrous victories given against
the administration in the Free States. The old
Kansas -policy ha been Wondemned wherever it
was understood-in the Northern, States, and the
Government cannot longer refuse slap of justice
to the territory. After all there is.more of show
than reality. in for the abotninableflaw.s which
were passed by the ruffians of. Missburi;'continue
to be enforced.
Them seems .to be a certainty that Sen. Cass,
who has. been :so decidedly passed' by the people
of his native. State, will be .appointed to the .post of
Secretary of S,tatte in Mr. Buchanan's new Cabinet.
The old man has, tinting his life,: been a hearty
, hater,-of England; inasmuch as he fought her ttn'Ops
in the war 'of 18t2. He cannot f.rget it, and in-
thilges in warlike speeches :against his ancient
enemy, to this day. But if Mr. Cass really becomes
Secretary of State, England has not much to fear
from his policy. He is too gletit a coward in his
old age, and his fears may be our safety
. The .reports by the heads of the departments
have been handed in to Congress, and represent
the country generally Ito be in: ii4louriabing condi
tion., The Secretary of the Treasury recommends
a moderate reduction of the Tariff, aryl possibly we'
may,see all imports upon such raw materials as
wool, silks,:furs, hid and skins,,eetirely aboliSted.
It is recommended also that the duty be removed
from salt.
• During the Pierce administratiep, the nation has
diminished its public debt by several millions,
di:Ai-o,k the administration of the -has
been more expensive than any preceding it in time
of peace. The revenues have also been greater.
There can be no doubt but that the new Cabinet
of Mr. Buchanan will consist of abler men than
that which has ruled Mr: Pierce. It will be a more
Conservative 'Cabinet.. . Such men as' Jefferson,
Davis, and Mr. Douglas will have less influence'
with the President, and a more moderate class of
men will be at the helm.

We have no certainty, however, against a con-
flicting southern dynasty. If the south demands
Kansas she will have it, and a half dozen more
States, but it is barely possible that she will see
the necessity for moderation.
The winter is just setting in, but mildly, and
" plenty crowns the year." The excitement of the
election is rapidly dying away, and ,the public
mind turns gladly to more quiet subjects.

INDIA AND CHINA MAILS.

(FROM OUR OWN CORRESPONDENT.)

SOUTHAMPTON, SATURDAY.
The Peninsular and Oriental Steam Navigation
Company's steam ship Colombo, Capt . Field, has
arrived, bringing the above mails. On her pas-
sage home the Colombo experienced strong wes
terly winds between Malta and Gibraltar, and after
leaving Cape Finnisterre encountered heavy gales
from the veering round to the N.E. on
making the channel with heavy. sea.
The Colombo brings 74 passengers, besides 160
boxes oranges, 2,054 hales silk, and 205 packages
also 30 packages specie, valued at
£20,886 1.2 Od.
The dates are Alexandria. December 7 ; Malta,
10th ; and Gibraltar, 15,1 i. The following ships of
war were at Malta:—Princess Royal, Conqueror,
Brunswick, Hibernia, Wanderer, Oriel, Osprey,
and Weser

The following vessels were ots3rved on the
voyage :—Dee. -11, Peninsular and Oriental (s.s.)
Candia, in lat. 36.30, lon 13 N., homeward bound ;
rind Tasmania, in lat. 37 N , lon. 11.3 E. Dee. 12,
Eliza, in lat. 37.20, lon. 5.10 E. Dec.-16, signalled
R.M.S. Avon, off the mouth of the Tagus, who
reported the Ripon having put into Corunna ;
Peninsular'arid Oriental (s.) Tagus, in lat. 38 58 N.,
lon. 9.32 W.

From G-,braltar we have the followipg
-BIIIPPING INTELLIGENCE.
Arrivgd-December 6 h, the setiooner Alegria do Minho,
17 days from Liverpool, with clals fir uibiraltar ; 17th,
steamer Taurus, 6 days from Liverpool, with a general
cargo for Constant inople4cleared) ; 9:13, steamer Scamander,
from Alexandria and Malta, with a general. cargo for Liver-
pool, (cleared) ; 12th, steamer IC imik, 0 days from
Palermo, with sumach and fruit, for Liverp 01, (cleared ;
The brigantine German Maid, 28 days from Palermo, with
sumach, for Liverpool, (cleared).

FRANCE.

PARIS, FRIDAY EVENING.
The second Plenipotentiaries of Great Britain,
Austria, Prussia, Sardinia, and Russia have
apprised Count Walewski that they have received
their iustruciions, and that they are ready to take
part in the conferences. The -instructions for the
second Turkish Plenipotentiary are all that are now
waited for, and they are expected to arrive about
the 23rd or. 24th of December. .The conf; renees
may consequently commence on the 26th or 27th.
Nothing has yet been determined with respect
to the resumption of diplomatic relations between
Austria and Sardinia, the that of those Powers not
having yet notified diplomatically to the second
that the .sequestration has been removed from the
property of the Lombard refugees naturalised Sar-
dinians. In consequence of this state of 'affairs
Victor Emmanuel has not yet sent to compliment
the Emperor of Austria on the oecasion: of his
journey to Lombardy. It is said, however, thatwhen
the Austrian .Government communicates officially
that the sequestration has been removed, a high
dignitary will proceed from Turin to Milan to
salute the emperor in the name of the King of
Sardinia,
The Nord of Brussels. contains a letter from
Berlin, which says ;
I have heard in well-informed circles rumours of the

partial mobilization of two corps, d'armee having been
ordered. Our military organization requires that course
_of...proceeding in cases of military-. operations on a large
tscale. Each corps d'artnce is composed of four regiments
:of infantry and four of cavalry, or a rerim?.nt of artillery;
one of infantry of the reserve, a battalion of riflemt-n, and
.
a detaehmenot pioneers—a ttog,ether a fore 6 of 21,000 men
but on being mobilized four regiments'of infantry and four
of cavalry of the-Landwehr are added to.the corps d'arviee:
and it thereby becomes 36,000 strong. lam assured thoL
several battalions or carbineers, which are equal to 01
best troops of, that description in Europe, will form Fare
of the expedition: Be certain that at this moment tfte
plan of a military expedition is positively settled, and ths.!
it will be carried out with rapidity, unless; indeed, Ine
',dents of another kind.should happily occur•to prevent t"'"
!effusion of blood.
A letter IrAn Frankfort states that the Pinsst-,,
'Representative, M. de •Bisrnarek-Schenhausen,
!presenting to the Germanic Diet Ate note °
the Bth addressed by Prussia to the•vorious Go;
' vcrn men t 8; to-0k oecv sion to thank the Confederitedu
:Powers.for the diplomatic steps which they be
taken toinduce Sw;tzerland to follOsv-a.conciliatori
course.
The following telegraphic despatch has bee
received. :
TURIN, pf c• - 0
Accounts from Constantinople to the 10th state that s°
French vessels were expeeted in the Bosphorus.
The Russians have landed arms and amunition
at
Zella. with
The works in the arsenals of Persia are going en Eros
great activity,. according to instructions received
Teheran. of
The Siecle Publishes an article on the revision,,

1)- -- _ lily
the electoral lists, in which it argues the lePt
of-the' distribiltion of voting bulletins, and °nir
;b8
eludes by calling on all electors to profit by
rights conferre 1 o a them by the Constitution•
extract the fdlloWing Passages
• • itself 01'11
Although the Admitir=traiion has shown ,ced
liberal than the Court of Caes:tion, the circular cdcl_lTT,st
by the Minister of the Interior, on the 233 of April
does not sufficiently. recognise the right of the free cite
lation of the voting bulletins. It is, so to sav, :f
t6lerance that it attaches this bill; tin to the prefesstoof
political faith. We have in our hands the opinion °be
barrister, which has obtained the adhesion.of a great taltnnat
of distinguished members of the bar at Paris; it doe
the
leave the slightest doubt. with respect to the sense OAI
law, and it appears destined to convince the most prti,ll,lir
minds. The right of distributing voting bulletins IT"Sd
therefore be an amiable concession on the part of the on
ministration, but it will be proclaimed what it really iO,OO
forced corollary of the right to vote. Strength alwaYe ire
where the limits granted by ihe law and ilieConstitutionii no
rtepented. To struggle-when no obstacle exists, wheogo
personal inconvenience Can, arise, is very easy. o°dull
commences with virtue, when the accomplishment of 6,1111
is accompanied with difficultits. This doctrine, coo°
opposed to political inaction, has ever been advocated bltbs
We proclaimed it with energy and perseverance o' not
morrow of the law of the 31st May, 1350, and 9ro lot the
ceased to support it in days when triumph apPe'gre,.„,ing
leastrpossible. We
.are thtretore consequent in ins
vision
the country at the present hour of the annual riliald
of the' electoral lists, which is now being acc01.;152-,
according to the terms of the decree of tied
We entertain a great respect for all conFel%
the
opinions, and it is not our wish to infittertress
decisions of any one ; but to abstain from entering the alts
b,cause little hopes of a triumph are entertained, or °negro
the advantages-of the positio I have ceased to exist, s"r to
to us to be contrary to the logic of words or ide'4. is to
Prance' only what is visible credited. To
oe
incur the danger of. being forgotten. It appears b°oclf
beEv to
superfluous to insist on so simple a truth,
understands that to adopt this abstenii cs'"ld 900
renounce the benefits of universal Piffrage. The prertaio
of the principles of 1789 should be" opposed rn; roust
counter revolntiinary tendencies, a-id an open opin`°;al
be explessedhy depositing in Vie. electoral urn a leo
a patriotic voting bulletin. nuse°,ls
A telegraphic despatch from I(lndrid
that .thil 300 Million loan has been detinite
lyilde
judged to -M. Mires, _at-42 56 ;M, lEothgelt
agent having offered 42 50. the
A further improvement has taken p1ae°,,,03 the
Battk of France. ,The cash in hand has, s'nnf.
lad monthly return, in-credsed. by 10,000,0°°0a
The receipts .of. the .Orleans Railway C'ior
during the week ending the Bth inst. al° 97,33'
1,202,21;4r 26e; being an increase:of 217,472' les'
of
compared- with the corresponding wee,c unary'
`year. 'The roes i.oceipta sinee'the first of J 4 ,0
amount to 49,104 7.44 f 750, being a detresl: lot
compared ivil h the corresponding period °
year of 693,474 f 48c•
• • • MARSEILLES, boss;
abstaint
M &dean, first seeretnry to the French riP3
to
at Co.nstantinople, has arrived, and leaves -
for Paris.
lletaehmenti froth the 18th and 72nd re,l t to
of infantry have arrived here, arid are aboa
embark for Algicra. 15r1(1
The injury..caUsed to the railway by thew ii
-slip Tain has been- rePaired, and the sery
continued as bef)re the accident.

AUSTRIA. •
.._7...—_
As some of the North German i'
VIF,NNA, 1)„°,,. 008
rs c-a-800110
to affirm that Austria " wishes to rtitltet posy-00
of thePrich countries lying on the Lower Pnotl3B
a semi-official Austrian writer has explaine'c'eure
c,tlumns of the Augsburg Gazette, why the c' „ pro;
tion of the Danubian Principalities has b.ecfid 0'
longed. The Vienna correspondent, insle" IRO
attempting to excuse the policy of Auslri;l:iPri 1413
says, that the army of occupation was 181;,nlitle
davia and Wallachia because Russia ol'r el?
a disinclination to fulfil some of Oulu Ocel
ditiorts of the . treaty of peace. SYI-113e °War
Saint Petersburg Cabinet has ceded lotighee
and the Isle of Serpents, there 161 lir of ./,',
be a motive for occupying , any 198r,"}, ba,'l.,-;
Turkish territory, " and, consequentlk.,ll44ll,:o
lions of Aultria and the vessels of lior:"*"Austr'd.
withdrawn." We are then told that the the occii
Government never thou,..,lit of prolonging to 01%
tion of the Danubian Principalities, nOoot%
reorganisation was complete, but the slBl:tiyfel/er;
incorrect. " The Imperial Government gr,eiv, 0134
that the Ultra-Liberal party will Pt; it I°-cl
hand in Moldavia and Wallachia, °Tod, :Tit'
endeavoured to petsuade France, ll''': 'sot' !ebt,
Turkey, to let the European Conillo,18.„ tiCbog
form its, duties without delay:- Torl‘eigeat 0
perhaps, have been induced to 8°„/309 fri.)°,it
Austria, offered to withdraw her lirclfyosi. ner
the neighlrOurhood of Bucharest Ang nissio,ii
France distinctly stated that her 01)„,113,riest 11-'li.
would not be instructed to go to 1311'°"-;,,,etIt,e,it
both Principalities had been OompletelL'`oce,'"„-er
England spoke in the same sense.tis,'r., I:00 erg
probably somewhat less positively. A.v!%loo,iy.
learns front Blic barest that the 01'-eeiveu ad
Moldavia and Wallachia have alrenJY,„rellivtos4oa
structions from the Porte to convoke IP% operiot
hoc, but the news can hardly be correBt'aad of 'l/40,01
who is generally extremely well inf°llll'steOB•Tici!
is passing- in Wallachia, states that rof3tbe PilAoi,
Ipbviaeolait.iitietalitsliintestesiitelatuisaatnaowtlii.vvnlialiltiiri:tliinesnllefftortallinlte,nrteieltr,dieeev-ioet,elot!iitset,nietsshittsiettnofAotnEfirso:bnotsip:_is°,:4o,rrtbioitehaeirovnoraoiteireorililbr,o,itioo:t:l
tively settled. It is said that the Still'
the province will certainly not be e
aDio
.0_ Illel"PiII
'll 11(4
01 .1.
important such
Lombarda
large
placeso ~ror the!,
n force.
.20
go to Milan, but it is a settled rotltethee eal'itratifin°
Verona, Peschiera, nod Brescia), an "„-,,c,11°' AO
ttvevyeluleiti.ishwairl(lurytraorbrtitvbelyatpajlsisilaantioY at Thte fir: Pt
27th
h the instant.
road
b(o7o,l:etithilir'e i
elvtlelocie) :vet'
of the new year. Baron lless leavhesipis ll°
Venice this evening, but. Baron Bac- t. rare:
received a summons to go to Italy. .t Do-
It is here related that a now Credl
~,, 041.°•gte
be established at Venice, but Perrtli!e I‘lllttiall °
of
Firj supposedane
et on
ffietrimj o3t-htahteanfiwcilitinnonet
(liis-tel6-std°1111:11;3°
proposal. If the Emperor has givorls,Vasiy loose
the Venetians, without having Preeris ofcbaok
the opinion of Berm Bruck, the matt
cretiil,o36'
settled; but you may be sure that and L0n3,014
is not a necessity for the Venetians 8, Crdit
o,o°°)ti
easntdabtlhisehre
By the end of June next the Vienna ,r 6,,, po,
will have a capital of 60,000,000. 1-1 ,r'sholii,i,,,,io
reasonhedil
TV ntZej inu
ttr
ipliflOeVit
1:8e;
capitals. The Italian nobles aro, ebl'ecoso.o per
sirous of establishing a new bolo', . a of i. col
branchiis
no
banks
Milne?) 003
hope, as founders, to obtain a
trio° e
cent. on the net profits. The
.Aus
sibl e
in t

• '

have
14 completed their trigonometrical survey of
°-Ivia and Wallachia, and the results of their
labours are already in Vicuna.-
A
well-informed correspondent of the Augsburg
t`l,aette writes " from the Polish frontiers" that
arlr.re is no General Birjulaff with the Caucasian
of and that consequently the reportl of an officer,
that name having received the command of an.
Y. of observation on the Persian frontier must
oe' Incorrect. General Chruleff, who has long
direuPied a strong position on the Arpatchai, is in
can communication with the Erivan corps, and '
t; - at' any time he'reinforeed by Prince Borya-
itiltislli, the Commander of the. Caneisian army.
0,1°„ last news Veceivad by the Tries Zeittifig from
8i1"11Ita is, that Russia woula occupy " the Per
pose rl Province of Asrahad," if the English took
ejsion of Kirrack and, Bushire.
ia-4-ording to ad vices from Rome, General Guyon
Alinilich more active than his predecessor, General.
"veal' de Montreal. The new French corn-
zol ander examines into the condition of the native
'swissntri troops, visits the barracks, and enters
witZeJery detail. The French general is satisfied
ill.- le appearance of the Papal dragoons, but be'
hthinks that the Roman Gendarmerie is uneal to
ie duties which it has to perform. Gen. Guyon
P-Led that it might be advisable to reinforce the
th`ich Gendarme detachment, but experience has
144„‘" that Gendarmes who know nothing of the
useiet-le and. habits of the people are totally

, • THE PAPAL STATES.
that Ale.
from Ravenna, of the 10th instant, states
"veral arrests continue to be made. The
co " not being able to discover the assassin of
tell?" Lovatelli, have established a system of
t°ll.* Among the persons arrested, is a member
T.le Police itself.
cre,,11,• Grand Duke of Tuscany has issued a decree
ar,„;;s:tug a committee for the purpose of receiving
of elcation
s from Tuscan agriculturists. desirous
A2B,..Q;llthog samples of their produce to the Great
io—xetlatural Exhibition—to be hell at Paris,
haoITY, 1857, and selecting such of the
heto as it may consider sufficiently remarkable
the i_'"sent. The committee is to correspond- with
-P`'llal one of Paris in•order to concert the
..one.‘
Of t measures for the convence and receptioni
of tlZT.lid articles. The committee is composed
of p- -1("1-'inee do la Tour d'Auvergne, Ambassador
the •,raiice to the Court' of Florence, president;
doe'uPerintendent.General of the Grand Ducal
Aticang; the delegates to be elected by the
4411.-tiltural Academy (lei Georgofilli Florence ;
et4pl4. Simorii, administrator of the foresis of the
v-„Tl,toot Twenty prizes, consisting of medals
ce4i,..,`')us classes, are to -be awarded to the suc-
••• Competitors.
et.
•
• THE BALTIC.

The HAMBURG, DEC. 18.
Las b Mission of Admiral 'Virgin to Copenhagen
rittl,oecu considered one of great importance: •It is
for,hured to be. only one of preparation for a
of tie mission to Londen with-regard to a revision
of treaty of London of 1852, by which the fear
ssiati political supremacy in the Baltic states
ally will be at once set at rest.
'the Government
question of the.rail way pia introduced by
'with has been taken up bytheßeichstag
iderei(l,osiderable energy, but has met with con-
•tlectiule opposition on the part of the agricultural
ttilc„-" of the Diet. The press is almost excluSively
atliti;" 111) with the rail Way scheme, and the most
lOn P°l'tant periodicals. in the country have very,
i
articles on the subject.
Itteiwth l'eapeet tti the.wreek of the steamer Unna,
be„, a few days back, fUrther accounts have
received, from which it appears that 18. per-
th4, saved their lives in •. a boat which
.conveyarl
tit 4 to the rocky island of Gran, and during the
iestbey were compelled to remain, were exo)sed
ha degrees of frost. One of the passe,igers
iv•hVierled to have some matches in his pocket, by
they were enabled to make a fire, and• thus
haepthem selves from freezing to death. The King
'whrls cut' to the widow and children of a clergyman,
aloja;r9L'a drowned among the 19 oersons on this
~
IV:1401y occasion, the sum of 350 (lois: r.m.
• snow has agaiudisappeared, and sledges are,
rlcer on.the roads.
fitlt,'lish accounts from Copenhagen, of the latest
mention the retirement of, Lieutenant-
el' oral Krogh, through ill-health, from the
thel—,eornmiind of the troops in the Duchies, and
4'-'lO 13).1)
appointment of Major General von Sch ol er,
1)14: local rank of a Lieutenant-General, in his
the ..`•Phleswig Provincial Diet was opened en
trae"lh inst.. at the town of Flensborg, for the
.110:81ri°tit of public business in the usual ‘2v0711.
is Danish Reichstag will be closed on the
deploit.for the celebration of Christmas by the
au, tea, and remain so until the sth of the ensuing
Oftkei ',Wher in the
interesting statement appears
the at. orn,a,
fi of the Government, with respect to
IvhottC,9,llot in the savings' banks throughout the
Ye4ll, IQlJallish Monaiehy at the conclusion of the
the "55, andconsiderable progress in
showing a
• I,ll'oo nomical sense of the population.
amounts are respectively as follows :
ei,-"••'"'doui of Denmark ...... . $20,663,970
ev of Schleswig
t '
of Holstein
4-lehy of Launenburg 565,472
•
, The
• Total , • $34,015,311
I.Saa 7,(3 amounts haVe increased since the year
15,023"3" 18,392,244 dollars, having been then
067 dollars.
Otur,liarpPY state of prosperity experienced in th.e.
liter4jeolirt Holstein is particularly shown by this
•
The 14. CUXHAVEN, DEC. 16.
4tearraillnionia, Hamburg and New York packet
Dear41;111), Captain Popp, has again • made its ap-
ce in the Elbe, after an excellent, but very
nriri4jr°lts run of fourteen days and eight hours,
I,,reiglitng,l7o passengers and a valuable CfilltO, the
foris said to be abOut 60,000 marks cur
‘or 3 fent,. .
‘ie ban Pot). sterling), and about 1,0001 in pas-
.
SPAIN.
The 7,
flOt 4Tadrid
artpea, jOUrrialt4 of the 15th instant, have

PREPARATIONS CF PRUSSIA.

•
BERLIN, Dxo 16.
nt(- ,(1111' military circles nothing is talked
.of but
- pre
Pitt Parations going on and the orders given to
7-1, large Part of the army on the war foottiengiviairi
tO 43ove towards Switzerland. At 1
°ice
the needful instructions for the commanders
ready' •
ready,."rl)§.l to be employed are all written out
Ita isd
,0 be sent off at a moment's notice.
to e,t4ted, on first-rate authOrity, that if Prussia.
1)():1,, Pelled to take any hostile measures to regain
tfilet.'x's,:i°n of Neufchatel, considerably more than
Qrnay corps at first intended will bemobilised
tat It
-Mediate active service. The name of the gene-
. -Itleti°,,• whom the chief command is to'he entrusted is
, '",l freely, but Ido not believe that there
tliii;'l'°llnds to warrant ite heing. considered any
Pt ,rttore than an on dit. It is the Prince of
rhatla• It is talked of, as an understood thing,
r'
,
~)r :3,witzerland will eventually ba made to.pay
. n "e- expenses 'caused by the approaching
stration or _Campaign, which ever it
P—e4proves
, Constitutionnel is, no doubt, well
iOIIE4 in stating that. the Neufchatel question
anpenrissttnied serious and even threatening
111(4e-1'4leo, but the measures taken are nothing
QvervtTio must have been anticipated by
restli-"uY as the natural and consistent
'otittint" the circular dispatch of the Bth
aPhILI am informed that Prussia has already,
"14:41 1° the different States for permission to
40 uer troops through their territory, and that
tven Moulty has been made on their part. It is
bef,,Baid that the subject will be officially brought
,c)rtle;e,the German Diet at their next sitting, in
bly tiLo Obtain the formal sanction of that assem-
obj'e t," I have already informed you that no
c"mkwill be offered by France to the ener-

•

getic steps about to be taken by Prussia, but that •
on the contrary the Emperor Napoleon has already
given his hearty consent. _ „..
The flattering reception experienced by Prince
Frederick William at Paris has giVen great satis-
faction here. as it.is justly considered as a proof of
the Cordiality existing between the two courts.
The young prince is expected to arrive here on the'
29th or 30th inst.,,and after the festivities about to,
take .place on •New Year's Day in honour of the,
• Prince of Prussia's Jubilee (as he will then have
been fifty years in the army), he will. rdjoin his
regiment at'Breslau.

THE REOPENED CONFERENCE OF PARIS.

,
It is now settled that, within a few days.these-
cond Plenipotentiaries are to meet at Paris for the
purpose of. adjusting the'disputed question of 801-,
grad and the Isle of Serpents. When the Treaty of
Paris was concluded, many points, of detail re-
mained which could not possibly • be solved either
at that time or in that Place. In the working out
of the stipulations' of the treaty it was more than
possible that' diSpirtes', and diffichlties might arise..
Some were foreseen at the time, others have since
arisen. Hence it was deterinined that the second
Plenipotentiaries should be empowered . to:, re-
assemble for the consideration of such questions
as, were entirely new and unavoidable, and arose
naturally en.-, of the inherent difficulties, of the
business in hand. This provisiOn having been
made, the conference was broken up, and com-
missions and secretaries betook- themselves to the
task of working Out the details: Long before any:
b-asiness of "detail was' done; or any, question- of
frontier settled, the Russian Government showed'
signs of a readim ss to clutch at any theanor pitiful
advantage which it might.be in, her power to seize.
The Isle of Serpents has always gone with the main
land, to which it naturally belongs. When the
Turks held Bessarabia before 1829, they htld also
the Isle of Serpents. When, by the Treaty of
Adrianople, that province was ceded to Russia, the
Isle of Serpents went with it, not by treaty, for it
is not mentioned, but . as a matter of course, as
naturally as 'the Isle of Wight would go •with the
County of Hants. 'Most naturally, therefore, when
that portion of R;;ssarabia, which commanded the
mouth of the Danube was restored to Turkey by
the Treaty of Paris, the Isle of Serpents, adjacent
thereto, was understood to go with it. To have
held the contrary would have been absurd. The
very object of the cession of that part of Bessarabia
was the enfranchisement of the Danube. But such
enfranchisement would be impossible as long as
Russia held the Island in question. The right of
Turkey to the Island stands upon custom, upon One
of the very objects of the treaty, and upon the nature
of the case. And if it were not mentioned by name
in the treaty, it was because it was.included in the
object of the treaty in spch necessity as that the
treaty would be an absurdity without it Was it
surprising, then, that when Eogland saw the great
power of the North. making .a descent upon this
choice spot, it should interpose its veto ? . True,
it, was not an-armed descent. The invaders con-
sisted only of a lieutenant of the destroyed navy,
and eight or nine men. • True, their only
arms were •cotton Wick and train oil. But the
substance of Russia's impropriety remained the
smite. The island belonged to Turkey, and
Russia had no right there. When the •English
Admiral went to Odessa to complain, he was
put di by a subterfuge for twenty.four , hours,
in the course of which the governor there con
trived to send a ship of war with troops •to take.
forcible possession of the disputed 'territory; and
had Sir Houston Stewart been a less experienced
man, he might, on his return to the rocky spot,
have seen a hundred guns bristling upon all avail-
able points. But while the Governor of Odessa
was putting him otf, he sent off the 'Hannibal and
another vessel to mount guard, so that the
Russian troops, on their arrival, found thenpleiVes
Outwitted, and peremptmily forbidden to land.
Nothing could be more prompt or n.re proper
than the action of E eland in this matter. She
had g,.ine to war at great cost for a principle.
When the fortune of-war had given her advantages
of which she might have made the most- she was
content, for the sake of peace, to make the. least of
them. But she was not prepared to see the
terms which she had so dearly bought, and
so considerately assented to, coolly set at
naught by a piece of flagrant. audacity On the
part of Russia. She, therefore sent her' fleet
into the Black Sea, to cruise there until the treaty
should be carried into effect, and there it continues
cruising to this day. It will -he remembered that
Russia offered to refer the dispute to a fresh -
Congress. England refused, because this -was a
point on which there could be no reasonable doubt
—a point which was already 'established by pre-
cedent and custom. The question of Bolgrad had
not then risen: It arose, however, immediately
afterwaid.s, provoked, as it would almost seem, by
the disappOintment of Russia on the island ques-
tion. What Russia has "all along aimed ,at has
been to, get the Conferences renewed on any terms,
in the hope of rsising,fresh
.points, and possibly
dividing the counsels of
,Europe, and weakening
certain existing alliances. 'Nothing could be easier
than to invent a fresh Bolgrad, and throw the blame
of the confusion of places upon the inaccuracy of
maps and the ignorance 'of hydrographers. To ,
raise such a :qu•.;stion was certainly paltry ;,but,
being raised, it must be solved, and its solution is
most naturally referred to the Second Plenipo-
tentiaries, to whom was delegated by the Congress
the task of adjusting disputed details. There is.
no fear of the new Bolgrad being chosen. The
treaty is express about the enfranchisement of the
Danube, but that enfranchisement can never be
complete if Russia makes good her present. claims.
'Russia knows this as well as we do, and, having
agreed to
,abide by the Conference, will, no doubt,
be glad to back out, under its authority, from a
position which she cannot .maintain without a
sacrifice of honour . and dignity, incommensurate
with. the objects proposed-to be gained.
. •
SEIGE AND SURRENDER OF, .11ERA.T.

•
A French letter from Teheran of November 8,
(probably from Colonel Buhler, the Persian com-
mander in chief, himself,) gives some details of
the circumstances connected with the , taking of
Herat., It says :—" The greatest joy was caused
here by.the news of Herat having fallen into the
hands of the Persians. When at first the edge
operations advanced .but slowly, the Shalt- sent
there French. officer named Pnhler,,whom he
had for some time in his service; Air—the in%
pose of instructing' the engineers of the Persian
troops. That officer had belonged tn the poly-
*3bnic .school, and, according to custom, went
to the sehopl at Metz t 0... spend two. years, at
the end of which period he was named lieuten
ant in the French army, Just at that time
Persia required a good officer of engineers, and
M. Buhler' thinking it a good opportunity .to push
his fortune, gave in his resignation, and
withdrawing from the • French army, pro.
needed to Persia, where, after a short
time, he had given such indubitable marks
of ability that he was named pplonel in the Persian
army. When the siege advanced SO
cfpowly, the
Shah sent Colonel. Buhler to the force before
Herat, find transmitted special ,orders to 'Sultan
Murah-Mirza, the Commander in-chief, to follow
the French officer's 'advice in everything relating'
to the works before the town. The day after his
arrival in the be,inning of. August, Colonel Buhler
was entrusted by the Prince with the command of,
the operations, and at once gave an immense,
impulse to the works. The approaches to
the town were entirely protected, and Undies of
troops were sent on to keep in .check the
tribes in the neighbourhood, whom - Dost Aloham.-
med was exciting to rise against the Persians,
These diversions had an excellent effect; the great
tribe of the 4areh, and the population of the
Gnour were reduced to neutrality; and Timour
Konli Khan, the most important thief in the coun-
try,-repaired to Teheran to make profession of his
friendly disposition towards Persia, On the south
side an advance was made towards the chain of
mountains which extend'in the direction cf Cando-
har ; whilst, at the same time, operations were
carried on towards Furrah, so as to counteract the

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