The Express.
London, England, 1850-08-17 00:00:00

THE PEACE CONORESS AT FRANKFORT.

The friends Of peace from various countries in
Ramps, and from the United States of America, are about
to hold their third amerces at Fruckfort-on the-Maine. A
large party of delegates and visitors, upwards of 600 in
number, will proceed from this country, special trains and
steamers having_been engaged to moray the company direct
ham London to Frankfort, via Dover, Calais, Mailers, and
Cologne. They will leave the Lmdou-bridge Station on
Monday the 19th in, at 4 o'clock, and will reach Frankfort
on Wednesday night. A large number of delegates have
arriv,d from the United States of America, including men
of high influence both in the literary and political world,
and not the least interesting among the American delegates
are two ministers, one of whom is a Red Indian, who, 12
years ago, we. a hunter in the forests of the far west ; the
other a colnursd man of pare negro descent. They are both
gentlemanly and well educated men; are highly esteemed
u ministers in America. The sittings of congress will
commence in St. Paul's Church on the morning of the 22nd
inst., and will continue on thel23rd and 24th.
The Friesian government has united with the French and
Belgian governments in exempting the English and Amen-
ma party from the ordinary regulations as regards passport.,
nor is their baggage to be subject to Customs-home march.
Blihu Herrin _end the Rev. H. Richard (the secretaries
of the Louden Penn Cowen Comrnittee), have been en-
gaged daring the lest sM weeks in visiting many of
the most important cities and towns in Germany and
Prude, In eaeh of whisk places the have obtained niter*
views with some of the mast infleeatial men, by whom they
have boss cordially reesived, and who have manifested
la L'a
warm sympathy the proposal to hold the emigres in
Germany. Their Interview with*. venerable Berm Hum-
boldt, at Potsdam, was ezmedingly interesting. A very amo-
ral desire bad been expensed that he should be nominated as
president of the mengues, and Messrs. Benin sad Richard
conveyed to him this Invitation en the part of the 001111-
=Moo, but his great age pretested him front meoptiag it.
He 'erased, however, kis warm approval of the movement,
and promised that he would address a letter to the magma
to that effect. _ -

sobiles sad several other members of parlimiest
have sagged to be premst, as have M. Battle de OhrartUs.
sad some other members ot the Freaah bletioael Amiably.
Then will oho a lap ileigaties twos Belgium.

TUSCAN CLAIMS.
•
The following. is a copy of a despatch of Count
Neseetrede to Berm litentow, with reference to these

St. Petersburg, May 3.
Mesa leer le Berea—The cabinet of Vetoes has imparted
to us the inatnutioas wide!' is treassalited, seder dies of
April 14, to its chargé d'effeires at London relative to the
indemnities claimed by England from Tuscany for damages
caused during the wand% of Leghorn to some English sub-
pets, is well as Ie the eesaminatory insinuations with
which the English minister at Floret:es has accompanied
*cm reelemations. The Attention government, in leopards';
M us then Instructions, has expressed the wish that we'
elliall mappers la London the considerations which 80011
Iwo bees charged to establish. We partake too
oumpletely the pebelplee which serve as base to this pea:seed-
log set to eseeM is the request made to us. As so European
gesWet interested in the meintenance of the hsdependence
roe states of •seeendary rank, as wallas is the preservation
Girths Internal repass of Italy, we cannot bat share in the
sentiments and political views which have been frankly ex-
pressed by the Austrian government. In fast, aesording to
the rules of internatimal law, u we understand them, it
would be difficalt to admit that a sovereign forced as the
Grand Duke of Tuscany has bees by the obstinacy of his
rebellious sabiects to regain posseulon of a city occupied by
instwronts, is held to compensate benign subjects ter the
damage which they may suffer by the assault of that city.
Whoever establishes himself in a lc/feign country accepts
voluntarily beforehand the chance of all the dangers to
which the country may be exposed ; and as be shares the
advantages granted to the natives, is he cught to resign him-
self to partake in the calsmides to which they are subjected.
External Of eiVil war enterseridently into the category of these
chances, the effects of which, deplorable doubtless, but often
bads pendent of the will of men, strike in a hesieged tcwn
the innocent and the gent?. Lcghnrn revolted, and refused
obsinately every offer of peace. It was necessary to em-
pley arms for the reduction of the city ; to force an entrance
into the houses; to penetrate into the shops from which
the soldiers were fired upon; censequently, if it the dis-
orders and hazards inseparable from the assault of a city,
some Eaglish proprietors were involved in the damages suf-
fered by the proprietors of the country, it is impossible to
see why they alone ahou!d have the richt to is indemnified
fur their losses, when the Tuscan government is not held to
indent, ily its own sub'', cts. Tam reasons seem to us so
clear, that Tuscany basing applied to us for our arbitration
in this matter, the Emperor, notwi balancing the lively
interest he takes in it, has not deemed it possible to comply
with this request. It appeared to his Majesty that this was not
a mere queen of Bialys of the amount more or lass consider-
' stale elan indemnity to pay ; but that, not being ebbs to admit
the principle of any indemnity whatever, if claimed as a
*titinatc right, and still less if demanded by force, hie
Majesty would have the appearance of sanctioning implicitly
this principle, by aff toting his arbitration between the two
parties suppaaing that England consented to admit the same.
Mince 'Tuscany is disposed to enter into the way of concilia-
I tory • xplanetions, our intention is far from seeking to divert
her from an amicable arrangement with the English go-
vernment. But we expect from the justice and moderation
of the English government itself that it will only employ
asociliatory measures, and it is our duty to take this occa-
ekes, in so far as we are concerned, to make our reserves
urn what we regard as far from conformable to the esta-
blished maxims of intereatienal hew. By bestowing the
slightest degree of that attention welch is due to the obser-
vations of the Austrian government, the cabinet of London
will racily perceive that here one of the grsvest questions is
mooted for the autonomy and independence of all
the states of the Continent. In fact, if the right
which Eogland is seeking at this moment to
establish with regard to Naples as well as Tuscany, come to
be once admitted as a precedent to use on all occasions, it
would result that British subjects would enjoy abroad an
exceptional position very much superior to the advantsess
enj .yed by the inhstetants themselves, and the governments
which received them would be placed in an intolerable posi-
tion. Instead of being, so heretofore, a benefit for the coun-
tries where they establish themselves, and whither they bring
with their wealth and industrial means those habits of
morality and order which distinguish so honourably the
Baldish people, their presence would become a perpetual in-
convenience, and in certain cases a veritable plague. It
would be for the fomenter' of sedition an encouragement to
revolt, for if behind the revolutionary barricades were to rise
continaslly the menacing eventusloy of future reclamation
in favour of English subjects injured in their subs Inc. by
the repression of rebellion, every sovereign whose
paritiro, or relative weakness exposes him to the
cocre:ve mec.eures of an English fleet, wouli find himself
narsljzol at the moment of insurreetion. Ti, admit that.
the revolt once mastered, • foreign government has the
right, in order to procure compenervion for the ineeitsble
consequences, to examine in detail the measures employed to
put it down, to discuss the nature or cont st the necessity or
propriety of these measures, would be equivalent to recog-
nising that forego government as a judge is all internal
gut stints between 'overdone and rebellious subjects, and as
supreme authority in the basieess of government. I reed
not add that the Emperor can in nn case subscribe to similar
co! sequences, and that he is decided, for his part, not to
enter into any compromise upon the principles of inter-
national law, which we have set forth above. However well
disposed be may be. and may always have been, to receive
with kindness tudividusts belonging to the British nation,
for the character of which his esteem is sutfi.it oily knows,
nevertheless if reclamations of the same kind as
those which are made in Sicily and Tusc.ny ever came
to be supported by any other measures than those of concilia-
tion, his majesty would find himself inevitably induced to
examine and determine in a more forestal manner, the condi-

'ion. under which he would in future consent to grant to
Britieb stihjec,s the rights of residence and property within
his watts. _ . .

You are instructed to communicate my reflections to the
first Secretary of State, by conveying to his knowledge the
Prevent despatch, and handing him a copy thereof. We
hope that he will receive them in the spirit of impartiali7
which has dictated them, and that he will not lo•er eight of
them in the conduct about to he adoptea towards the courts
of Naples and Tuscany. Their cause is the cause of all well(
states, whme existence is only guaranteed by the tutelary
princ•ples which we invoke in their favour. At the present
moment pthba7s more than at any preceding epoch the
respect of these principles by the great powers can alone pre-
serve Europe from toe gravest perturbations.
Receive, &c.

AMERICA.

(By Electric Telegraph.)
(FROM OCR OWN CORRESPONDENT.)

LIVERPOOL, SAITRDAT MORNING.
By the steam-ship Asia, which has just arrived in the
Mersey, we have dates one week later than any here-
tofore to hand from the New World. This ship left
Boston on the 7th inst., and made the usual call at
Halifax on the 9th. She brings a full cargo and 110
passengers.
The Slavery or Compromise Bill,as reported by com-
mittee, had passed the seuate, the clauses respecting
California and Texas having been first expunged.
Congress was engaged debating an indepeedeut bill
as regards California.
Eighteen hundred volunteers bad offered them-
selves to Governor Bell to march against New Mex-
ico.
They had been accepted.
The commercial commmuni!y of New York have
been staggered by the stoppage of Soydan and Co., a
house largely engaged in the produce trade. Their
liabilities are stated as high as 2.000,000 dole., but
with favourable assets; the failure will be most
severely felt in the west. The millers and bankers of
Ohio, 31tsaissippi, and Indiana will be great sufferers.
The secretaryship of the interior, declined by Mr.
Grier, had being offered Mr. J. P. Kennedy, with a
choice of the war department.
On the let a large force of labourers left New Or-
leans to prosecute the Panama Railway.
On the 29th July the ship Alice Bentley, from Li-
verpool, was lost near St. John's ; crew and passengers
saved.
From llavannah, dates to 27th July, received by
the Great Western at Mobile on the 2nd inst., report
that some of the American prisoners were still con-
fined.
One of the captured ships was offered for sale.
On the 11th and 12th ult. a terrible hurricane was
experienced at St. Martin's, &c.; several English
vessels were wrecked.

Business throughout the union has been improving
during the week.
The market for breadetaffs was still quiet, and
prioes are unaltered. Western Canal flour, 5 dots.
50c. to 5 dots. 623 e. Genesee, prime wheat, 1 dol.
44e. to 1 dol. 46e. per 60lbe. Southern wheat, 1 dol.
118 e. to 1 dol. 20c. per 601 b.. Indian corn, round
yellow, 62 to 64 cents. per bushel, very firm. Indian
corn, fiat yellow, 640. per bushel ; ditto southern
white, 620. to 64o.'per bushel ;Indian meal, 3 dol. to
3 dole. 12jo. per barrel. Other quotations a shade
lower.
Corrow.—New Orleans and Mobile, mid. !air to
fair, 13/ to 141; upland and Florida, mid. fair to
fair, 13j to 131 per lb.
Ashes are in fair demand. Pearls a shade easier.
Sales, 200 barrels, at 6 dole. 121 c., and pots at 6
dole.
Iron is steady but quiet, at 19 dole. to 25 dole. cash;
20 dole. to 25 dole., six month., for pig, or ld dole.,
six month., for English.
FroviSions—Demand for both beef and pork heavy.
Lard in fair request.
Freights were improved at steamer's departure.
Exchange on England, 110 to 1101. Paris, 5.22.
Hamburg, 361 to 36. Bremen, 70j to 79:.

TWO DAYS LATER BY TELEGRAPH TO
HALIFAX.

We have reorived by telegraph, via Halifax, two
days' later news from New York, bringing dates
dowa to td evening of the bth.

Tte Georgia sod Cherokee steamers had arrived at
New York en the Bth inst., bringing 300,000 dollars
is goheldincre duet. The production of gold duet was greatly
on tase.

There is nothing important to notice in tte cam,
menial intelligence, save a decline of ,t rect. is
cotton.

INDIA AND CHINA.

THE OVERLAND MAIL.

We have received oar despatchee in anticipation of
the Overland Mail from India. The news from lion,,
bay is to July 3, Calcutta and Singapore is doive
to the tad and lit of July, and Hong-Kong 22ed
of Jane. The regular Bombay snail has not attired,
Sir Charles Napier had resigned the command. Lord
IDalhousie accuses him of diver,' acts ot
Narein Sing and thirty-eight Sikh pr:soners had
escaped from Allahabsd. Tbe Governor of Pordi-
cherry has died. The export duties on sognrs and ru-r.s
are abolished throw:lima ladle. The indi,ro crop is
the pavan and China has not been succei,ful.
Commodore da Cunha, the new Potte4wse go-
vernment of Macao, arrived on the 26th ot May. ice
new Emperor of China has petmitttd tie ex'ste: ce
of Christian sects, and will probably permit the opium
loads on payment of duties. Trade in Calcutta,
especially that of sugar, sa tpetre, Indigo, and co*ton
were brisk. The Austrian L'oyd's ettester Europa,
made the run from Alexandria to Tries'e in 6 dsys
19 hours. The L,ndou Mail of 24th May reached
Calcutta in 36 days. Cholera her broken out in
Alexandria.

As above stated, there is no Batahay mail ; we are,
therefore, without c,mmercial thence,
although, through the medium referred to IT our cur„
respondent, we have received from h; n 1 the following
letter :

Bum] i• tv
An express leaves to-day with a packet to meet Me
Calcutta steamer, touching at Madras La 1.. r WIC tO
Suez, and by it I send you a hew lit's on what hoot
transpired since our last mail left. The mot soon u
yet cannot be said properly to have set in, aid up to
to-day we have had only about eighteen inches a
fall. The number of deaths last month was 1:: .2,
of which cholera and other epidemics carried ,d
231, and seven were caused by violence. isig
is a great reduction nn the mortality during the three
months preceding. The Bank of Bombay has de-
clared a dividend of three per cent. for the ps" half.
year. They might have given nearly four, ::ad :by
not lost upwards of 8,3501. on sale of government a-
curities—foar per cent. paper, which they are rrt-
dually getting rid of, ana putting their capita.
better use than baring it locked up in paper no: at
13 per cent. discount. The net profits of the hank
from January to June were 20,3411. Mr. Ass:s'ant-
Surgeon D. Castello, MD., civil surgeon it Inuit,
has been tent to Poona in the same csplcity.—Mr.
Assist: Surgeon W. F. Babingt,n erg apptirid
staff-surgeon and medical stere-kneper. T:.e :atter
gentleman had been appointed civil surzion, whet it
was remembered lie had not passed an ex ,rr ra';on
in Ilindoostanee, so this had to be carce.:• r! p.!.d hs
provided for elsewhere. The three bertf.. • •rs•
betwixt two were formerly all held by ob.. cAn. It
is said that Dr. Doig, a superintending cjr2(-CT, now
at home, has offered to retire on rec:ving a binus of
4,:i00/. from those below him on the Ile. The
Oriental Hank has purchased ex•rn-ire 1 r•,mitei
•in Rampart-row for 8,009/.1 it is winiated
I that other 2,11001. will be rup•red to be lardout in
fitting them np. Mr. A. S. Ayrtor, so:icitor, who lately
re'urred to England, has had his ri,,me struck eti the
roll of our Supreme Court, with a view. as is tilt-n.14:1",
if
o
enteringthe
latehimu
afhaisp L a bserftrhsaterhaateehohmee;e—Ttehleeataewdo
men
from confinement, no clear evidence appear-
ingo against them as to the fact of their
having fired the ship, though the strongest
suipieon rested on them. The construction. or
Irather the completion of, the breakwater cc's' le
the Customs' basin, is to be, for the prean',
' • "