The Express.
London, England, 1857-12-15 00:00:00

MOW BLANC 111 OPEN TO-NIGHT.

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LIT2RATURR.

The Throe Clarks. A Novel. By —ARMORY TROL-
LOP& London: Bentley.
.

•
Mr. TroUope's third novel is now before us. In
his two former productions he showed an intimate
knowledge of certain phases of society, a reckless
audacity in caricaturing certain other phases of which
he wee totally ignorant, • power of satire, a good
humour, and a coarseness which were all equally
hereditary. Those attributes found favour with the
public, and caused him to be regarded by a certain
clique as a star of no mean magnitude. Let us see
what time and experience have done for him in this
his third venture.

imprimis, we shall ask permission to amend the
title of his novel. It should run thus : " The Three
Club; accompanied by • brief inquiry into the
paw and present condition of the Civil Service,
together with some reflections upon the errors of
government clerks, and upon the impropriety of
attempting anything towards their amelioration.
Harry Norman and Alaric Tudor are clerks in the
Office of Weights and Measures—a model office, as
the author tells us, with many sneers at the pains
taken by its chiefs to obtain efficient clerks and
maintain strict discipline. Charles Tudor (cousin to
_Mich is* the laternal Nwrigetiow-ogise, which is
a model office, the clerics being, without
a single exception, ignorant, idle, and dissolute.
Clarke is as ignorant, as idle, and as dissolute as
the rest of his companions. " How could he be
otherwise in such an office?" asks the author; and
this question takes the sting out of the sneers at the
stringent regulations and high pretensions of those
who govern the Office of Weights and Measures.
Harry Norman is a good second-rate clerk, not bril-
liant, but well informed, and generally useful. He
is, moreover, a gentleman of strict integrity, a firm
friend, an ardent lover, and a good hater. On the
whole, he ia rather a dull personage, and we see
that the author has much respect and but little affec-
tion for him.

Alaric is a man of great ability, and of ability that
is always available and ready for use. He has no
religious principle, and his moral sense is not keen ;
he is ambitious and very selfish, but the author has a
tenderness for him, and deals leniently with his crimes,.
Charley has but little ability and no education ; he
is a drunkard and a spendthrift, wasting his time
and his substance in the lowest haunts, cultivating
• pinion for an Irish barmaid, and deep in all the
myyterise of accommodation bills. But the author
loves Charley very dearly, and is ever ready to ex-
' ewe his faults, to show how hard it was for him to
avoid these faults, and to call attention to his
posses-
pion of that time-honoured excuse far very bad prac-
ticer—a very good heart.
At the outset of the story, we fled the three
clerks living in close intimacy with Mrs. Woodward
and her daughters, Gertrude, Linda, and Bata.
Norman, whose circumstances permit kim to think
at a wife, is in love with Gertrude ; Alaric is also in
love with her, but is too poor to think of marrying;',
moreover, he believes that Norman is her favourite,
and therefore consoles himself by flirting with
Linda. It is evident to the reader that Gertrude
prefers Alaric to Norman, and that she will reject the
latter whenever he makes his proposals to her.
Suddenly the great scheme for the re-organisation
of the Civil Service is set in motion ; a senior clerk-
ship in the office of Weights and Measures, worth
6001. per annum, is thrown open to competitors of
all ranks in that office, and the prize is won by
Marie, who is promoted over the head of his friend
Newman.

Norman is doomed to suffer a more mortifying
defeat. lie proposes to Gertrude and is rejected,
whilst Alaric, whoa now rich enough to marry,
,speedily woos and wins her. Fortune continues to
favour Alaric ; he maintains the good opinion of all
his superiors in a little while becomes a
Service C,onar;liesioner, ands not without hope of
further advancement. But his downfall is at hand.
Before he obtained the senior clerkship he had been
commissioned to make official, but confidential, in-
quiry into the condition and value of a mine, situ-
ated on crown land but worked by a company.
Alaric is induced by a Mr. Undeeimus Scott, a gen•
Vernon who speculates in shares and trades upon his
official and parliamentary influence, to purchase
some shares in the undertaking, and the transaction
is so managed that Alaric can never afterwards
rid himself from the imputation of having reported
in favour of the mine. in order to raise the value of
kis own property. Mr. Scott having thus obtained
roarti.nfluence over him, proceeds to confer another
upon him, by naming him the appointed
trustee to Miss Clementina Golightly, who is the
stepdaughter of Valentine Scott, the brother of the
unscrupulous Undecimus, and who has a fortune of
20,0001. It is arranged that Alarie shall have the
uncontrolled possession of the lady's money, and, as
the reader will expect, a very large portion of it is
speedily sacrificed in the joint speculation of Alaric
and Unclecimus. The fraud is quickly discovered,
sod Alaric, the successful competitor in the first Civil
Service ex ani ination —t he Civil Service Commissioner

—the first fruit of the system of promotion by merit,
is charged at the Old Bailey with fraudulent appro-
priation of his ward's fortune, convicted, and sen-
tenced to be imprisoned in the Millbank Penitentiary.
In the hour of misery, Norman, who is about to con-
sole himself with Linda, but has not yet forgiven
Alsric for robbing him of Gertrude, comes forward
graciously with assistance, replaces the money
which Marie has embezzled. and eventually enables
him to quit England for Australia, and furnishes
him with the means of commencing his career anew.
In all the domestic details of this story, the author
shows himself a master of his craft. Alaric's gradual
progras in guilt, his struggles to free himself from
the toils in which Godecimus Scott has caught him,
his efforts to palliate his crime to himself, his
moons which is not the remorse of a men con-
scious of having sinned, bat the remorse of one who
feels that he has lost worldly reputation and
position, and has contrition, are described eloquently
and truthfully. Gertrude's pride and faith in her
husband during his hour of success; her pride
and faith in him aftety his fall ; her unconscious.
ness that she is sacrificing herself for him, her firm
belief that to be with him, soothing him, aiding him,
and encouraging him in all his trials is the happiest
life that could be awarded to her, are painted with
equal troth and fidelity. The other characters, if not
quite so interesting, are equally life-like ; and, indeed,
the sketches of character which the author has given
us are so varied, so distinct, and so true, as to prove
that he possesses no common knowledge of the
human heart, and no common power of describing
its workings.
' But we demur to his views of the Civil
Service. Ile is evidently opposed to the system
of Promotion by merit, and a foe to com-
petitive examination, and he has done his best in this
book to gibbet the system publicly and shamefully.
But we think that he has failed. If he means to
teach us that when Government has secured the see-
vices of the most able, it has not necessarily obtained
those of the most moral public servants, he tells us
no more than we knew, for there is no necessary
connexion between ability and good conduct. But
he hits no blot in the system of promotion by merit.
If Alaric's promotion had been accorded to him after
long years of service, as the reward of his age and
not of his ability, he might still have been a fraudu-
lent trustee ; if instead of being, as he was, an intel-
ligent, zealous, and really useful public servant, he
had been as idle and dissolute as Charley Tudor, he
might still have been a fraudulent trustee ; and
surely it cannot be contended that his zeal, his dili.
genet, and his talent should have gone unrewarded
because it was possible, though not at all probable
or apparent, that he would fall if he were tempted.
Doss Mr. Trollope mean us to conclude that govern-
ment mast employ either these who are useless oc
those who are faithless ? Does he wish us to believe
that in abolishing a system which encouraged mod
fostered stupidity they have taken tip one which en-
courages and footers knavery ? or did he merely wish

to write a smart pamphlet upon changes which had
occupied the public attention for some time ?
We think that the last question mast be answered
in the affirmative ; it is very evident that he has
followed the lead of other authors, and brought in
the Blue-book as ballast to the Novel. In fact,
though Mr. Trollops holds Alaric up to view as the
first fruit of a bad system, he is not quite consistent
in his exposition. He shows us plainly enough that
Marie was unquestionably fitter for promotion, and
a more useful public servant, than Norman could
hope to be. He himself prefers Alaric ; and two
very sweet girls, Gertrude and Linda, whose opinion
Mr. Trollops evidently ranks above that of the Civil
Service Examiners, cordially concur in the pre-
ference.

While Gertrude and Linda, Alaric and Norman,
are making their way through life, Charley Tudor,
the authors darling, is gradually converted from the
error of his ways by his love for Katie Woodward.
Bhe weans him from his low companions, and makes
him turn from his Irish barmaid in disgust. But
she makes a more remarkable conversion. When
he entered the Civil Service he was so ignorant that
he could not copy a leading article correctly ; he
perm his days in teasing his chief clerk, his nigkta
in taveree ; he never reads, ho never studies ; yet
suddenly we find him writing nowviilksties in eery
parable English for • cheap daily newspaper.-
Eventually he becomes an author of ropute, and the
merits of his style are favourably noticed in the
course of a debate in the House of Commons. Love
can do much, no doubt, even in a reformed rake—
a rare spectacle even in this age ; but we question
if even Katie Woodward (though she is the best
girl we have known for many a day) could have
effected Charley's sodden conversion from eaco-
graphy and false grammar. Strange occurrences,
however, according to Mr. Trollope, take place in
the Civil Service. There the most virtuous and most
respectable are not the most useful members of the
community ; the most useful are not to be trusted,
and the most ignorant, idle and dissolute, turn out
beet in the long run.
We believe that Mr. Trollope is a member of,
and a friend to, the Civil Service. Perhaps it would
be better for the Civil Service if an enemy were to
write about it next.

ROYAL OEOOILIPHICAL SOCIETY.

Yesterday evening the large room at the west
wing of Bortmgton Howe, which has been appropriated kW
als meetings of the Geographical Society, Ina conspiaMly
filled; Sir lionaati t MUI(CHINON in the chair.

The ftret pew was "On the explored= of arid com-
ities," by Mr. Gahm, who undertook to Mow the means
by which such explorations may be extended by providing
storm of water and food un the route to be undertaken.
Hie plea Is to start with • number of extra attendants
tarrying provisions on horseback, which ire to be placed 'n
caches at gives points, and a portion of the party to re-
nts dell, after having unloaded their animal+, until only
half the number mambo to continue the exploration. In
this manner Mr. Galion said that an exploring party might
continue their rumen:hem through a peacctly srid country
foe tea days, allowing two buckets of water a day fur ea h
bane.

Dr. II tin u thought there would be great danger of the
esehes being diecovered and plundered, and that the ex-
plorers :night pariah in their attempt to return.
Mr. Animus and Count STIUFLILCILI took put Is the
dleousaion, and mentioned come of their experiences in Sibe-
ria and Auetrolie.

The next paper waa a communication from Mr. Labouchere
of a jouroe is the Bushman and Nenlann• Land, la South
Ain., undssYken by Dr. Moffat. the father-In-law of Dr.
Livia/esteem. The century %ravened having been previously
often explored, the communication wee chilly valuable as
eastenizi reliable accounts of the dinrice and the nth-
& view to the formation of dirielons and beau-
= Dr. Livingstose mentioned some of the results
of his observation when he was ta the Cape Co-
loay In 1852, pirticularly in reference to the igno-
rance exhibited by the governor of the condition of the
interior, sad of the dispuition of the inhatatanta. Ile
raid that the rupply of gunpowder had been prohibited to •
tribe of native• that wee L indly to the Eogliah. and who
were separated from the nearest C 01013044 by an and desert
that formed en impassable boundsry ; whilst gunpowder was
freely supplied to the outlying boos, who were the genteel
enemies of the colonists.
A paper, communicated by the Earl of Clarendon, con-
taining the latest accounts of the fate of Dr. Vogel in Central
Affica, wee reed by the wrens,. It wee • statement of •
Wive to the Viceroy of Egypt, describing the overate pro-
pene& of Dr. Berth, Dr. -1
°gel. and the other gentlemen
who aecanpanied them, mad, afire mentioning the snivel
of
Dr. Vogel at • place called Bans, he stated that Dr.
Vogel amended • holy mountain, near the residence of
the King, which It was forbidden to any one to amend, and
the King wee so incensed that he ordered him to be put to
dank. Dr. Barth arse called upon by Sir Roderick Mer-
sin= to say whether the narrative of the native, so ha as
he was ooncered, wan correct, eo that the reliance as the
portion of it relating to Dr. Vogel might be tested. Dr.
Berth entered into some expLmetwus which did not, how-
nee, relate much to himself, but he so far conffrmed the
amount ea to state that there is • certain mountain con-
sidered holy by the natives., on the top of which there is •
but, where the King lives several days before he begin, to
rule. Dr. Barth mid be thought there was all mime hope
that Dr. Vogel might be alive, but it wee • very feeble one.
Si/ ROI,tRIen MroCNl,no, In the course of the even-
ing, congratulated the society on the announcement which
had been made, that the goer-lament intended to support
Dr. Livingnone in his text exploration in Africa, and
be and Rot; the Admiralty also had determined to glee him
all the aseistann in their power. Sir Roderick eapraseed
the hope that the recommended= of the British Associa-
tion would be carried into effect, and that Dr. Livingetrum
would be accompanied by two or three scientiffe gentle-
men to aid him in his investigations. Sir Roderick Mur-
chison also read an extract from • recent Australian paper,
which announced that the reported i'reeb-water lake in the
Interior of Australia we. an Simeon, and that the water
perceived there was only the temporary collection ;.rom
floods.
The meeting then adjourned.

SrrE or THE BOTTLE OF Atilt:M.—A German
archnologist, Dr. Edinger, baa after twu pima labour suo-
oestled in ascertaining the precis. position of the camps of
Antony and Octavius just before the battle of Actium, which
place, now called Axio, is on the Gulf of Arta, in Epirus.
The camp of the latter is surrounded by a madam of re-
doubts about 6I mike in attest, which were constructed in
stone, faced with earth, and protected by • ditch. At dia.
tamale of &boat 1,000 yards. the remains of Naar. towers,
surmounted by a platform and protected by • ram ham
bum found, as have also balls, or massm of metal of di
larvae which served so prometiles, together with melons awe
sad accoutrements. In the centre of the camp, on ea emi-
nent" were the had-quarters of Augustus; they occupied
• .uprB of about 1,000 yards, end were not unlike what
are format in modern times. In advance of the camp were
external works, constructed en small eminences, consisting of
several small forts, whisk asrved apparently more for ohm,
macs than dohs*,; they wan occupied by detachments
forming the edraeced gaud. One of them, higher and
stronger than the °than served es a telegraph for communi-
cating with thence'. Is the Mae of one of these form was
di•coverod • tablet In steel, on wldek me traced' signals,
which have some affinity with than of the oriel telegraphs.
The camp of Antony ham not yet been se dourly examined lie
the other, but it is not doubted that the remains of it will he
' equally interesting. The town of Acting contains ruins of
temple. of Neptune and Mars, and of other remarkable
edifices.

THE PRorooßD EXTRA CIiRISTMAR I{OI.IDAT.
In addition to the dr= to the principal towns in Fases,whids
hare already been announced es intending to close their re-
veries establishments on the ltth instant, the drapers of
ktering, end moot of the =pen, of Porter, have come to a
radar determination, as also one or two large City honer,
together with about sixty of the leading Islington shop-
keepers. A canvas. for promoting th• ern object is taking
pros Is some of the other district. of Loners. name are not
liras to expert cooreelons from mercantile man, involving
rionsiary ssarifice ; but this seems one of those ores when
principals may add greatly to the h.ppinies of their young
pee* without any lose worth naming to themselves. It ls
era- known that most pereons lay in their Christmas stores
before Christmas day, and that little or no business I. done
on the day following. And, ea regards the City, when
Saturday has long become a broken day, it may be inferred
that the matter in question may berrned out with, if parable,
still greater facility. On the other hand, the extra
would be • great convenience to those numerous eh=
malamute especially whose friends lire some distance from
town, mid would thus materially lucre.** that intermingling
of families which ie at all times so delightful, and whirl le
specially yearned for at this partien MKS. To the
young men in the provision trade, whom anirgies bell of
bodT and mind, are seriously overhand, pigmentary is
Chnetrote, the additional day word be rd 4 inward
boon. It may be aeggisted. that by those shopkeepers who
have resolved to give the holiday, =sounds( the dad la
their windows, than will be the greater chance of the ar-
negentent bombs general.