The Express.
London, England, 1867-11-04 00:00:00

COMMERCIAL LYTELLIGENCL

Closing prices :—Gold, 144 ; Sterling exchange
on London, loot ; 5-20 United States Bonds, 106} ;
Illinois, 125 ; Erie, 72. Cotton : Middling Up-
land, 19.

. -
PHILADELPHIA, Nov. 2.
Petroleum, standard white, 30.

PROCLAMATION BY MAZZINI.

The following proclamation has been addineeed
by Maz&ini to the Italians :

To be, or not to be' Such is the question now put
before you by the foreigner.
French soldiers garrison Civita Vecchia ; Brennan is at
the gates of Rome.
Will you answer them, as your fathers answered, by the
sword, or will you, cowardly and degenerate sons, bow
your necks to the outrage'
Will you declare to Europe, Mexico is a nation ; we are
not ; we are but a multitude, lost to all sense of freedom
and right, submissive to any one who dares to declare
himself our muter ; or will you, by uprising throughout
the length and breadth of our land, !insert your rights,
liberty, and honour in the present, and your determina-
tion to be great in the future'
Whatever be your answer, it is final.
To be, or not to be? The present hour decides your
fate!

The man who sends those soldiers to tell you " Remo is
not Italy's, she is mine," is he who was stained with the
blood of your worthieet, shed in defence of the
sacred city eighteen years ago ; is he who tore from
you Nice and your fastnesses on the Alps; he who baa
twioe degraded you in the eyes of Europe, by stamping the
sign of vassalage upon the brow of Italy; he, whose eight
long years' mastery of your government has forced you to
economic ruin, moral anarchy, and the shame of Cuatozza
and Lisaa, and wrought the utmost danger to your unity.
And now, because you have suffered all this in silence,
he despises you, and it is for this that he who shrank
before the arms of Juarez and the scornful words of Bis-
marck insult. and assails you. If there be any among
you who do not resent these outrages, who speak of pru-
dence and patience, who bid you put your trust in aught
other than the living strength of your country, who sug-
gest the protests of the weak, or the petitions of the cre-
dulous, where what is needed is action and war—they are
either stultified by fear or seeking to betray you.
In the face of the noble and manly efforts by
which Rome has invoked your aid, of the heroic deaths
of your brothers at Monte Rotondo and Ports del Popolo,
of Garibaldi in hourly peril at the vanguard of the nation,
every delay is dishonour and ruin.
You have but one sole means by which to be—to insist
upon the government's declaring war to the foreign invader,
or to rush to the barricades. To the barricades in order to
enable you yourselves to make the declaration of war
which others either will not or dare not make ; to possess
yourselves of the indispensable means of war, of your
arsenals, of the arms purchased with your gold, of the
army, composed of the flower of the nation. You cannot,
without guilt, any longer allow the best and most devoted
of our Italian youth to die fur Rome armed with pistols
only. You are bound to conquer.
Immediate war, or barricades. No longer submit—
eternally deceived— to accept any other alternative. Even
if your rulers should send the army across the Papal
frontier it will be to bid it halt—believe one who has never
deceived you—st the gates of Rome to frame some cowardly
compact with the foreigner.
If you would not be wilfully deceived it behoves you to
compel them—bid them draw the sword and throw away
the scabbard.

War or barricades ; if the government accept the first,
watch over and support it in arms ; if it refuses and seeks
to stifle the cry of Italy, overthrow it. It is then no
longer a government but the instrument of shame and
death to Italy.
God inspire you to your duty.

Oct. 28.

These lines were written before reading the royal procla-
mation. I cannot alter a syllable. They point outto the
Italians their duty as it is understood by the party to
which lam proud to belong. If there be one horn on
Italian soil who forgets or denies that duty—the worse for
him : it but increases the necessity that the nation should
fulfil it against whomsoever it be. I pointed out a choice
between two alternatives ; the royal proclamation anti.
cipates the answer and reduces them to one. If the Ita-
lians do not resolutely choose that one, let them renounce
alike the name and life of a nation. They are but a herd
of slaves, and it matters not which master they serve.
The following is the circular sent by Mazzini to
the various centres of the Party of Action in the
different towns of Italy :

Brothers,—The royal proclamation, issued while the
Roman territory is invaded by the soldiers of a foreign
despot, is an insult to our country, a menace to our
liberties, an act of cowardice intolerable to all who possess
a spark of Italian pride, of treason towards those now
fighting and dying to give Rome to Italy, and of scornful
defiance to the noblest and worthiest instincts of the
national heart.

Either the King who signed that proclamation is a
fallen King, or the nation la a fallen nation.
Ask no instructions from me ; they are all summed up
in one.

Arias, wheresoever you are able. Citizen barricades are
the only answer worthy of a people that is resolved to live.
Let the nation save the nation. Let the people make
themselves masters of their own territory, break in pieces
the blind tools of France, and substitute in their place
local provisional anthoritiea and one central authority.
the representative in the eyes of the insolent foreigner of
• whole people in arms.
. .

To Rome ! To Rome ! with no traitors in the camp.
To Rome, with a banner uncontaminated by servitude,
falsehood, and dishonour. Let the era of the nation begin,
and let the national pact be dictated by Rome.
Oot. 29,1881. Joura Manna.