The Express.
London, England, 1860-09-15 00:00:00

guarding, even in
pendencies of the
wherever war may
_ .

It is well that he
*We the honour b
mink le only to defend theipr,eln; homes. But
theser: too, have in Addition ,their own peculiar
iesiOur. They are volunteers only—they
are besides active eitisens of the state. As
artisans, tradesmen, professional men, or men of in-
dependent means, each has his place, his duty, and
his honour and esteem for doing it, over and
above that which he has well deserved and largely
reaps in his capacity of a volunteer moldier, albeit
the honour thence derived may be lees than attaches
to the soldier who has no title to glory save his
sword. If this distinction be kept in view the
volunteer will soon secure his true place, and need
little regard the puerile jealousy which would
deny or overlook his real merit. The commission
which, as an officer, he may hold will be felt to be
not his sole nor his main title to respect. He will,
therefore, not be hurt when he finds that a volun-
teer commission does not necessarily place him in

social life on a level with those who hold the
Qc ewes commission. His position may be either
higher or lower than theirs—it is simply unaltered
by the fact that he is a volunteer officer. When
this truth has had time to be fully accepted
we shall hear no more of such com-
plaints as that the Sovereign does not
admit that the holding of a volunteer commission
confers a right to a presentation at Court on one
whose social rank would not otherwise bring him
within the pale. But when baseless claims cease
to be advanced, we shall at the same time be
justified in silencing those arrogant dotards who
would withhold all recognition of the volunteer
service whatever. Honour is due to volunteers
as to soldiers when duty calls them to act as
soldiers. When not so acting they have no just
claim to any special distinction beyond their brother

-fitt .HUNDRID
PRISONERS TAKEN.

TURIN, SATURDAY.
General Fanti entered Perugia yesterday.
The town was taken after a hot fight, which was
sontinued in all the streets.
The troops of the enemy withdrew into the
fortress, which surrendered towards evening.
Our troops made 1,600 prisoners, amongst whom
is General Schmidt.
Our losses are insignificant.

FRANCE AND SARDINIA.
PARIS, SATURDAY.
The Consfitutionnel publishes an article by its
chief editor, M. Grandguillot, explaining the policy
followed by the Emperor in Italy. The Constitu
tionnel says :—" The object of the French govern-
ment in recalling its ambassador from Turin is to
express its dissatisfaction at the course which has
been taken by Sardinia, But such a disavowal is far
from a rupture. The interests of France and Sar-
dinia always coinciding require that Piedmont
should remain the insurmountable rampart of the
Italian peninsula.

" The legitimate enlargement of her territory
which she owes to our common victories and to the
treaties, cannot in any case be compromised."

ITALY.
TURIN, FRIDAY Evionia.

General Cialdini, after having followed the
enemy's corps on the road to Ancona, and dispersed
them, has re-entered Sinigaglia with 200 German
prisoners.
The official gazette of Turin publishes a govern-
ment memorandum addressed by the King of Sar-
dinia to his representatives abroad, and dated 12th
September. The memorandum explains the state
of things in Italy since the peace of Villairanca.
It adverts to the refusal of the court of Rome to
accede to the demand of Sardinia to disband the
foreign legions, and justifies by imperative reasons
the step taken by f The Sardinian go-
vernment could not allow the Italian movement to
dissipate itself in anarchy and disorder.
The memorandum confirms the assurance already
given that the royal troops will scrupulously
respect Rome and the surrounding territory, and it
makes an appeal to the Holy Father, who some
years ago inaugurated the national movement. The
memorandum thus concludes :--"When the Pope
shall recognise the regeneration of Italy, which
enters into the designs of Providence, he will again
become the Father of the Italians, as he has never
ceased to be the august and venerable Father of all
the faithful."

PARIS, FRIDAY EMITS°.
The Patric says :—" Authentic advice report
that the revolutionary movement in the Marches
and Umbria does not extend itself among the in-
habitants of those countries."

The same journal announces that Baron Brenier,
with the penonnel of the embassy, has embarked at
Naples, in order to return to Paris. The repre-
sentatives of the other powers have also received
orders immediately to quit the kingdom. Baron
Talleyrand will leave Turin on the 16th instant.
Count Rayneval will undertake the direction of
the affairs of the French LegaZion.
The Opinion Nationale says :—"J.f we are well
informed, the Austrian cabinet has announced to
the French government that Austria, for her own
security, is about to concentrate a corps of observa-
tion of 50,000 men at Mantua and on the river Po,
but that she has no intention of intervening in the
events resulting from the entry of Sardinian troops
into the Papal States."

AJAOCIO, Bar. It
The Emperor and the Empreee have arrived
hare.

The NariowilitOs of Milan publishes the follow-
ing spirited order of the day, issued by General
Cis

Soldiers of the Fourth Corps,—l am leading you against •
band of foreign adventnrera, whom the thirst of gold and
the desize of pillage have brought into our countiy.
Fight with and scatter inexorably thee miserable bandita;
let them feel by your hand the wrath of • people which
wills its nationality and independence.
Soldiers—Perugia crime fur reagespoe, and, though late,
it will Lave it. CIALDIXL

MORE PAPAL VENGEANCE AT PERUGIA.

TURIN, Barr. H.
The Turin journals publish a proclamation of
General Lamoriciire declaring a state of siege at
Perugia. The proclamation is dated the 7th inst.
General Lamoriciere threatens the inhabitants
with confiscation of property, death, and a fine of
30,000 ducats for even a mere fracture of the tele-
graph wires.
The Opiniose says : " Cardinal Antonelli having
refused to accede to the demands of Piedmont,
Count Minerva has left Rome and has arrived at
Florence."

AMERICA.
QUEENSTOWN, FRIDAY.
The Royal Mail steamer Arabia arrived here at
10.30 p.m. to-day. She brings 72 passengers,
61,241 dola in specie and 50001. sterling for
England. She left Boston on the 6th, and Halifax
on the 7th inst.

The Arabia landed all the mails, except those for
liverpool, and prooeeded at 10.86 p.m. All well.
The America, Palestine, City of Manchester,
and Bavaria had arrived out. Despatches received
from Toronto and Kingston report trouble between
the Prime's party and the Orangemen. The Prince
refused to land at Kingston.
A battle had occurred in Mexico between Bege-
dallo and Minunon. The latter was defeated and
badly wounded, but escaped with a few cavalry.

COMMERCIAL INTELLIGENCE.
NEW YORK, Seer. 4.
Money is in active demand at fuU rates. Exchange slack,
bat not lower. Stocks active and firmer. New York
Centrals, 83 to 84 ; Erie, 271; Illinois, 86 to 86g.
Cotton steady. Wes nominally unchanged.
Breadstuff, and freight firm.
NEW ORLEANS, Swr. &
Cotton sales to-day 2,200 bales. The market is Arse, bat
unchanged.
OSWEGO, Barr. 3.
Flour dull and unchanged.
CHICAGO, Sm. 3.
Floor dell, 10e. lower ; earn, la to to. lower.
NEW YORK, Barr. 8.
The America, from Liverpool, was intercepted
off Cape Race on the 4th instant
The Prince Albert, from Galway, arrived at Bt.
John's on the sth inst.

Serious Orange troubles are apprehended at
Kingston and Toronto.
His Royal Highness the Prince of Wales refused
to land at Kingston, the Orangemen having de-
clined to withdraw the colours of their party.
Cannonading took place at Trusillo on the 24th
August. It is supposed to have been from a own-
bined attack of a British frigate and the Gaute-
iambi forces.

News from Mexico states that Miramon bad been
totally routed by Degollado.

INTELLIOMICE.

Ths Nem York eottoo market is steady. Flour remains
steady, and prices are advancing. Wheat is buoyant, and
quotations are2e. to 3e. higher. Indian oorn is Ana, and
2e. to 3c. higher.
NEW ORLEA_NS, Erse. S
The cotton market is u4chSales in three days, 6,oortas. Receipts during the
ammo puffed.

The true in rkick the withdrawal of M. de
ralleYrand from Turin is announoedby the Modes,
leave no doubt of the fact that there is a diplomatic
quarrel, though not altogether a diplomatic rupture,
between France and Piedmont. The great ques-
tion is whether the quarrel is a real or a sham one.
All the Italians in Paris, taking the same view of
French policy as their brethren in Turin, say con-
fidently that the whole thin,' is a joke, and that
the Emperor in reality entirely approves of the
course of events, but that he is obliged for various
reasons to hold the candle—to the Pope. I cannot
guess what the truth may be, but one cannot help
being struck by the fact that the comedy, if it be
one, is played with wonderful persistency. There
is no doubt of the news I sent you two or three
days back, although attempts may have been made
to throw discredit upon it, that the French army
at Rome is tobegreatly augmented. Letters from that
city state that unprecedented preparations are being
made for the reception of troops, and that barracks
which have not been occupied for years are being got
ready. It by no means follows that the Emperor
means by force of arms to oppose the program el
Victor Emmanuel aid Garibaldi in the Roman
States. The dissatisfaction of the people of Rome

at being alone excluded from the programme of
Italian liberty in order to please the French Empe-
ror is a sufficient reason fur a concentration of
troops in the eternal city. But the movement car►-
nut but be regarded with much suspicion.
The substance of M. Thouvenel's note to Sardinia,
which preceded the recall of Baron de Tolleyrand,
is, I believe, as follows :
1. fhst the invaaion of the States et the Church by Pled-
nett is an act contrary to the law of nations is every point
of view.

1 That it is an act in direct opposition to all the conned■
of the French government and to the present and traditional
interests of French peaky.
3. That the responsibihty for the consequences must fall
exclusively upon Piedmont. M. Thouveoel conclude* by
assuring Piedmont that Austria is freed from her promise of
nonintervention by the fact of the invasion.

The Opinion Nationa/e says it has reason to
know that the Austrian Cabinet has informed the
French government that in concentrating an army
of 50,000 men upon the Po, it has in view only
the defence of its Venetian territories and has no
intention of intervening between Piedmont and
the Roman states.

The Bourse has again been without any marked
feature. The Rents rose 10c. for cash and bc. for
account, closing at 57fr. 90c. and 87fr. 86c. Mo-
bilier ruse lfr. 25c. The Orleans Railway rose Mr.
75c., otherwise there was scarcely any alteration.
Rumours were circulated that the Austrians had
entered Ancona, and that Garibaldi's admiral,
Parma), had blockaded the port ; but this news is
not confirmed.

General de Lamoriciere is said to be confined to
his bed at Spoleto by an attack of gout. This news
is of ill augury for the papal cause ; for it will be
remembered that when this general, to the con-
sternation of his friends and admirers, naked his
great reputation in the unhappy adventure which
is now in all probability drawing to a disastrous
close, the clerical journals announced that he was
miraculoualy cured of a gouty attack, and thus
enabled to draw his sword for thu church. Will a
miracle serve hun again 1 .

M. Graudguillot has caught a tartar in the
Gazette de /Prance, which he has been lately accus-
ing of endorsing all the lies told by foreign journals
about the ambitious projects of France, to which
lies alone, as the Constitatimmel would have it be-
lieved, the unfortunate fact is to be attributed that
the Emperor is now universally distrusted. The
Gazette, in reply, reminds the Can etitationtiel
of two articles threatening the annexation
of Belgium, which appeared in its own
columns some time ago, and produced so much
alarm in France and Europe that the government
was compelled to inflict two successive warnings
upon its own organ. This reminiscence is very
well timed. It is perfectly childish on the part of
the French government writers to pretend that the
peace of the world is endangered by calumnious in-
ventions of the foreign press with regard to France.
The Emperor very likely may not have cherished
all the projects imputed to him, and it is happily
probable that he has repented of some now that he
sees symptoms of measures being taken to bind
him over effectually to keep the peace. But if his
intentions have been misrepresented, he has only to
blame, first, himself, for the alarming precedent of
Savoy and Nice, and, secondly, the unintelligent
zeal of his own servants—fellow-labourers of M.
Grandguillot, and the notorions hungers-on of the
court, who write the pamphlets published by
Deutu.

A letter from a private soldier of the 101st Regi-
ment gives a most attractive account of China as a
place for cheap living. The troops at Tche Fou
eat poultry every day ; a fowl costs but 4d., and a
duck 5d., and eggs may be had for next to nothing.
The corn is magnificent ; vegetables fine and plen-
tiful, and, in short, the army lives like " lighting
cocks."

Count Jean des Cars, the youngest son of the
Duke des Cars, has been killed by a fall from his
horse. He was riding in the neighbourhood of
his chateau, when he fell suddenly to the ground,
whether in consequence of a fit or of • plunge
of his horse in not known. He got up directly, ap-
patently unhurt, walked several yardsalong the rued,
entered a house in which he was known, and went
upstairs without assistance. But his motion was
merely mechanical ; his brain had suffered such a
concussion that he never recovered either speech or
reason, and he died in a few hours in the arms of
his young wife, who was sent for. The victim of
this unfortunate accident was only S 5 years old, the
possessor of a splendid fortune, and a member of
one of the best noble families in France. In his
youth he served in the B•nlinian navy, and made
• voyage round the world. His mother, the
Duchess des Can, was in Italy at the time of the
melancholy event, on a visit to her son-in-law, the
Duke of Vallombrosa. His body was sent for in-
terment to Sourches, in the Seethe, where in a
family vault he was laid by the side of his sister,
the Duchess de Blame, who died young a short
time ago.

In our laid number (says the Army and Navy
Oasette) we mentioned it u probable that Major-General
Sir George Buller would succeed to the colonelcy of the
88th, vamnt by the death of Lieuteaut-General Horatio
Broke. The gallant general's appointment will be shortly
putted.
A correspondent of the Adornment says :—" On
the broad expense, or bay of the Tesas, which extends
from Cacilhas-foist to Aldta-044p, I have heard proceed
from the water (end apparently elate vadat the boat), oa
several ocrasions, sounds resentilleg the vibrations of a
deep-toned bell, gong, or pedal-pipe of an organ. The
boatmen seemed to know them well, and generally ex-
claimed 'The Corvine!' This is • larp dab, with black
dna, which is, I believe, to be met with aresaiosally in the
Lisboa market."

CAMOVILLARI, Seer. 2.
As you see by the date of this letter, since my
lad from Couew., which I hope will have reached
yet safely, we have proceeded on our march
through Calabria with that almost incredible speed
which distinguishes the original war Garibakli is
carrying on against the Bourbon despotism. At
dawniiesterday morning we had already left Tarsi&
behin and rode through that tiresome long teed
of desolated land which separates Cosenza from that
village. Those who have travelled in this part of
the world will recollect how the way from Cosenza
to Tarsi& has often been the theatre of the bandit's
bloody deeds, and how many travellers have found
their graves within the uncultivated ravines of
that volcanic reeon. Once arrived at Tarsia—a
hamlet which, by the bye, enjoys the repu-
tation of being still attached to the Bour-
bon dynasty—we fell in with Pace's Calabrian
column of volunteers, and followed it to
Spezzana Albanese, on our ride from the before-
mentioned village. We were, therefore, approach-
ing the centre of those Albanian colonies which at
the beginning of the 15th century left their native
land to settle in the villages then under the sway
of the Prince of Bisugnano who, in 1490, married
the daughter of Scanderbeg, the Albanian condot-
tiers, who had come to assist Ferdinand L at the
siege of Otranto in 1481. It is a curious fact that
though four centuries have nearly passed away
those colonies still retain the Costumes of their
fatherland and speak its language. The Greek
catholic rites have also been maintained, in spite of
all the intrigues of Roman catholic bishope, by
the majority of the Albanians. They have
even got a college in one of their villages, in
which the sons of the landed gentry are
brought up under the control of their learned and
liberal priests. The consequence of, the education
the young Calabrians get in that college is that they
have always turned out to be the most bitter ene-
mies of the Bourbon despotism. The influence
the landed gentry exercise over the peasantry of
the country being very great, it ensues that as soon
as a revolutionary attempt takes place in Calabria
the Albanians are always to be found in its ranks.
Being a fine people, who still maintain the warlike,
habits of their ancestors, they know how to use
their muskets against the oppressors of the country
they have adopted as their own. Giuseppe Pace,
one of the most influential Albanian landed pro-
prietors of this village, who has suffered imprison-
ment and torture with Poerio and his companions
at Monteearchio, is now at the head of the Alba-
nian contingent, which in the whole numbers
about three thousand men, perhaps the finest
of the Calabrian insurrectionary army. These Cala-
brian forces, collected and organised within such
a short time, really form the most striking feature
of this wonderful movement. It is marvellous to
see how the Calabrians have answered the call of
their landed proprietors and flocked from the tope
of the mountains, leaving their families and flocks
of sheep, to march against the retiring columns of
Francis 11. Last evening I happened to fall in
with Pace's column, which, from Spezzana Alba-
nese, was coming here. The night was splendid,
and the whole of this magnificent landscape was
illuminated by the rays of a most glorious moon.
The open plain on which ancient Syberis stood was
so clearly discernible on our right that we could
see the remains of the Roman granaries, as well as
some columns of a Roman temple behind them.
The lower slopes of the mountains, which right and
left are richly cultivated and wooded, are enlivened
with villages and churches. Lucanian Muranum
was on our right at the extremity of the plain, half
concealed by the well-wooded dell beneath the
west flanks of the Pollino, amongst which the
Coscile, the ancient Sybaris, rises. The road we
were treading winds up continually amongst woods
of olives and ancient elm trees. Behind these
fertile plains lofty and highly cultivated hills ele-
vate themselves in the far distance, forming alto-
gether one of the most magnificent landscapes that
a MID could see. Now, imagine this scene ani-
mated by the column of the Calabrian volunteers,
dressed in their picturesque costumes. At a place
called the Risrolta, Colonel Pace halted his column.
It was indeed a heavenly spot. Large groves of
ancient oaks stood right and left, ornamented with
festoons of vines, and there were fields of corn in
the distance, country houses scattered about
in the meadows, and a large stream of
fresh clear water flowing through them.
The bivouac fires had been already lighted up
by those unhappy and forsaken Neapolitan soldiers
who were disbanded after the different capitula-
tions of Scylla, Bagnara, and Savona. Those igno-
rant instruments of the Bourbon tyranny were
abandoned by their chief to a state of total destitu-
tion, and had it not been for Garibaldi they would
have starved on their way home. As soon as our
Calabrians arrived they scattered themselves about
the field and round the bivouac fires ; for, as
often happens in this country, the night was
rather cold. The scanty pieces of bread they had
brought with them were soon shared with
the poor Neapolitan soldiers; for the Cala-
brians are hospitable and generous, as moun-
tain people generally are. A few hours
after, 1 arrived at Caatrovillari, having left Pace's
column still encamped at Risvolta. Garibaldi's
had already preceded us, and on going to Pace's
house where the general had located his head-
quarters, I heard that 16,000 Neapolitans, under
the command of General Man de Riviera, were
entrenching themselves at Salerno. At this news
Garibaldi gave the order to keep ourselves ready
for departure, and at the moment I write my horse
is already saddled. It is so difficult to follow Qui-
baldi's movement, that if one has not one's horse
ready at every hour of the day and night, one is cer-
tain of being left behind, and never again being
able to overtake the general on the way. A French
officer, who had gone through all the Algerine,
Crimean, and last Italian campaigns, told me that
he never suffered so much from want of
rest and sleep as here. When we started
from Reggio, on August 23, there wore on
Garibaldi's staff more than twenty amateurs
who for some reason or other were fo'lowing the
march of the army. There are now only four of
us left who could endure this harassing life of fol-
lowing the general. His staff, properly speaking, is
also behind, and Garibaldi travels in a post car-
riage, only accompanied by Dr. Bertani and a few
familiar comrades.

LAGONEGRO, Sect. 3.

Since yesterday we have left Calabria and en-
tered the province of Basilicata, the ancient
Lucania. On my arriving here, at 1 p.m., I had
lost all hopes of writing you a line, but happily
enough the general, at length overcome by
fatigue, thought proper to take a few hours' test.
Garibaldi had arrived here from Castelluocio,
where he had got into a rage because at his appear-
ing in the village half a dozen priests, brought up
in the servile habits of despotism and bigotry,
wanted to kiss his hands. The noble nature of
Garibaldi revolted at this humiliating servility,
and he told them indignantly that a man who re-
spected himself ought never to kiss the hands of
another man.

When Garibaldi entered this large village—one of
the largest we have passed since we loft Marren°—
, Lis carriage drove through the Neapolitan division
commanded by General Calandrelli, who had capi-
tulated at Cosenza on the 27th of August. It had
been quite clear to mu that General Calandrelli
Was nut at all in a hurry to reach his royal master
at Naples, for we should not have met him here
this morning had he really had any intention of
bringing his troops to the capital. A rumour is
prevalent here that the Neapolitan general had
already agreed to hand over his divisionto Garibaldi,
and that this was the secret of his slow march
through Central Calabria and the Baailicata.
Whatever might have been the causes, however,
which then detained Calandrelli, the fact is that
both he and his men have now joined the rational
army, and that they form, since four hours ego,
a tine division under the orders of the Dictator.

In spite the oppressive heat of thu day our
troops are ouming up to a rate of 35 miles a day.

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