The Express.
London, England, 1859-08-10 00:00:00

MASTERS AND OPERATIVES.

Mr. for Iwve to bring as bill to
establialt equitable awe& of conciliation to edjoat differences
between toasters sad operatives. Be leads the motion at this
late period et the wanton because he was anxious to have
Lb. bill Fisted, to =Jed members and the =clic is general
en opportunity of considering its provision during the
new, with a view to legislating upon the subject early next
araka. Two years ego it was thought advisable that
a mesmittee should be appointed to take the subject
Mks cessideration, sal he had the honour r.f being
appointed chairman of the committee. The matter was
thew mod diligently investigated; many witneesee
were called before the committee, consisting of both
masiers end *motives. The committee had so lateral
in the question beyond arriving at the troth, sad del=
justice to all parties. They examined a great number ot
mew, sow of whom were favonable, and others unfa-
vourable to the establiehment of equitable councils; but the
oe of their evidence was rather 'pint than in
L".,tl":7:such councils. The committee also examined
many operatives of different cline; men of great intelli-
gence and great infatuation, who had coeds theineelvee tho-
rooghly acquainted wiih the subject. Like the =Was, they
entertained various ionic= upon it, but the majority of
them ware in favour of having the councils,
end they pointed out that, except in ths metropolis,
the present law for settling disputes between Uthatere and
workmen wee wholly inoperative. The committee 14110 re-
ceived some valuable reports on the subject from Francis sad
Belgium. These reports showed that equitable cateolle had
been oueepletay sacceseful in those countries. It appro.=
frees this French report that between 1850 and 1851 the num-
her of disputes which erne in France between mamas and
operatives wee 28,000, and of than 26,800 were settled by
councils of conciliation. Now what would have been the
result of =eh a law as this if it had been weed two yews
ago k Why it would have averted the pressed strike in the
building trade. He was perfectly rtuBcd that had equitable
councils been in existence there would have been no strike.
The dispute would have been settled without recourse to such
an swan weer.. The hon. weather cwinded by mov-
ing for leave to beiag in the bill.
Agreed to.
CABE OF PRIVATE JAMES CAULFIELD,

Mr: lag 1.45C111 7oretocellll;sitntbe aril; louse
to the case of meat, la bee Ilispeety's 96th Begiatent of
Fool, of the late Private James Cemlield, whet, when seder
15 years of ass, wee enlisted is that meow at Westmin-
ster, on the 23rd of Berember, 1867; aid, his diecharp
harts( been refused, he died from the ripen of discipline at
Peckham Hospitel on the 21st of 1856. TM boa.
member in asking the motion said that, but foe the lemmas.
of the session, he would have asked for a select committee.
He woe induced to take up the matter in tmereqnsoce of the
petition of John Caulfield, the father of the deceased, sad the
reprinentatiore of several respectable ladividnals, who took
ea interest in the matter. It appeared that the deceased
James Caulfield, bens under 15 years of ap, had been en-
listed by a &meat Thomas.
The 81'SA EH interrupted the hon. member. He could
not make a statement unlash he intended to conclude with a
motion. _ . .

lir. LOCKE would then move for a select a amine% The
petitioner complained that hie son, bring under 16 'ens of
age, hod been enlisted by Sergeant Thomas for the 95th Re-
giment of Poet, the latter maw; to the magistrate • mere-
mutation that the youth wee 18 years of ego, wider which
age his enlistment would have been illegal. The mother wad
subsequently preve•ted by Beraaa•t Thomas from proving
her eon's real age, and Sergeant Thomas wee also eccused of
having represented to the boy that he would have la. 3d.
• day and free Minns. Young Caulfield woe seat to tbe re-
, gtment in the fele of Wight, where the labour of a private
soldier proved too much for ►is tender age. He got ill and
his Wow applied for his discharge, bat was put off on various
grounds, •rod In the meantime the boy, who bad her m-
aned to Parkhurst, died.
ha How. Mexisee moved that the hum be counted, and
46 easibers not been pmeat, the house adjourned at •
quarter to seven o'clock.

PBOPO6RD ENCIOBUItI6 OF LAND6.—A e=tl
report of the Redeem Ceemeaeleseee, yesterday pub ,
metes that t. atinissisy COMM !embers weaved to the
following repleed eadaseree—vie., Tltohll.ol, Is the
county of Bmatkefaplea, 771 sores; Leatherbeed-comoca,
is 488 ; Deeettleter, °ate& 1,046; Holybeed,
4. Assiteasy, 11; Neeperee aces, ha Demi, 13, Hawke-
heed, Usagiegr, 2,160; Nateaufa, le Done, 81; Carr
faith, la Limester, 49 i Toestale, la Ileerex. 401;
191. Oega„, la Lae, N; Oretare•mettee, is Bostheeeptas,
10; Wo ts.d-msea la Illeethemptoe. 12 ; Wadley,le
Bets, 648; Irsirelsk-erne, is Bon,haseeteu. 816;
Leitharhaul ammo% fiats, lad doe., to Sanity, 879; sod
Whitlow, ia Noethsieb.rlead, 2.618 ewes.
METROPOLITAN Pus 1106PTTAL, DITONEWLSIL-
eheAus, Crts. —The wiregale amber of p.tieats Mimed
&Wag the week erlisi-Augeet Tr: 167 ; sop
ibekill; fetal. NS; d Nieh 698 WWII ma mow

Diecouragemacii entered the besrte of the good. Was it an
idea of pol,cy in those who formed the alliance, that by .o
doing they limited the action of their ally f Was it the belief
that it wee important to attempt to lessen by any me.na the
traditional antagonism between two greet nations ? The action
of one power is not limited by allying iteelf with another,
unless they both represent the sense principle. Free
England, by allying herself with imperialism, lent to
without circumscribing It. action, the moral force which It
wanted. And in regard to national antagonism, the faMa
allowed, and will show more than ever, that there is no
remedy for that sittagoulaut, except in the trinmpla of liberty
in France. Fromm most have liberty, or glory and war.
Moreover, by allying herself with the Empire, England
Lilted herself with • man, not with the country. No one
con believe in the Napoleonic dynasty, and when Lewis
Napoleon shall be nein an exile or deed, and France shall
once more be a free nation, the alliance al Ragland with Use
despot will only too surely be for many a new link to the tra-
dition of antagonism. Yes always sistrested France, they
will ley, and you only silted yourselves with her where your
alliance supported the tyranny which was orroarlarg bor.
No; the conduct of 410. English government war targdrael
by • policy of fear.
And than is sothinememe than •OW of fear towerde
a power equal to yon in strength, but not really friendly.
Louis Napoleon divioed the source of that policy, and pro-
secuted with greater audacity his own designs.
This Crimean war was for him only the mean, of ensuring
that a treaty of peace should be signed in Parte, and of open-
ing the way for an understanding with Ramis. No
sooner hed he gained his object than he hastened, ea
he has now, to conclude as insecure peace for his
ally, and which was declared to be premature by
English public opinion. Re aggravated the hostility
between England and Russia, and the secret negotiations
with the Can began soon after. As in the Crimean war, so
in the war in Italy, Louis Napoleon sought the means of a
new alliance with Austria. The traditional pride of the
Austrian monarchy could only be subdued upon the field a

battle. "Oar war," be said to Count Cavour, in the con-
ferences at Plombi&es, "will only last seven woke; after
&defeat Austria will offer again the conditions of 1848, and
we shall accept them. The Powers dare not Interfere."
Count Cavour, siumeely or not little matters, gave hie adhe-
rence, and made of the national Italian ides a atepping.stone
to the Auetro-Rtusso-Fronch alliance. But es aeon ea the
Italian national Ides, emancipating itself from the plan,
pointed towards unity and disappointed the dynastic ambition
of Louts Napoleon, he hastened on the peace, he proposed
' what in the first idea he was to have accepted.
The peace of Villafranca is the inauguration of a new holy
alliance between the three powers which now rerwesset
despotism in Europs—ltaperial Frame, Rem* and Amide.
The aim of the alliance—they era phrases uttered at Flom.
blares and at Stuttgard—is to imperialist) Europe, making
themselves master, in order to falsify it, of the national idea,
and substituting the territorial question to the question of
liberty. The meass—sad this will be the next step to the
Lombard war—are the whitest between the three 'members
of the alliance of the llatiometan pommies@ in Europe and
Africa, and war with Ragland. It Austria did net
accept the proposals of Villafrenca the plan was to

have been executed to a modified manner between the Cam
and the Emperor. Hungary, emancipated from Anetrie,
would all to Constantine; ate Mediternmesta, converted Into
• French lake, to tbe Emperor. Raids Ina to be, directly
or Maracay, mistress of the north end of the east of
Europe. Imperial France of the watt sad of the south. At
present the agreement of the three changes the Idea of parti-
tion, and limit., as I said, the next step to the dismember-
ment of Oriental &trope, and to the war against England end
Presets.

I declare, not from conjecture more or lies probable, bat
from certain knowledge of the tact, the existence of this plea.
I declare that it was discussed at declare that
the lases of agreement between the Emperor and the
Czar, conoersing the East, were carried beck by
Le Randers t, Paris in his last sleeks, shortly
before the liazdo- Lombard war. Those live In Europe who
know the truth of what I my, and ought to substantiate it.
but they will not ; nor is it for me to Way those who chew
to be Went. But the readers of my letter to Carom, lab.
hiked teat year, and of some sombre of the journal Pen44re
ed Jaiolts, know that the revelations thee give of what
happened liter prove the authority of the sources ban
which I draw my information.
Such a plan as this appears to many to argue genius in
Louie Napoleon. To me It sly @bows the Intolerable medio-
crity end weakness of the European trovernmeats. To those
who made Lafayette the hero of both hemispheres, be.
eases he was an bones* man, and sot to be
bought with money, I replied tweatyeight years ego,
that his exaggerated Mao wetly preyed velertaaersly the in-
morality that predoarleagag be Brogue notelet saesessef
1 Lewis Iliapolan way pewee to as the woad of a dna end
honest policy la the .govemsionts el loreps, when as the
I am aide ere to be found deep-laid oleasorbednessy and °antics
la carrying them out, lying reduced to a system, and absolute
pewer—end as the other, beeitatioa, dm, eoenpiete abases
of deed policy or maws sword. To emceed fm a time does
not regain the power of pales.
It was sakket for Louis Ifsplesa, la this last under-
taking, te pees thee the 011101•1111, denied by long habit to the
sphere ofpre 'heap; 'maid mediates keg before acting upon
the bieterloal siesta of the Tanen& shosent, upon the double
pert white sprrtaised to Austria sad Prude, sad upon the
rights oldie 37 states widoh melon the comma coastry ;
ft was saddest for him to aaderstead that, led away by •
materialistic policy, now traditional, by the sessom mania
teaoldag of the peace at any price party, sad by the intoned
elkipstee, not of peinciples, but of piths, Ilegholl tfoold ls-
elp herself, though agitated by, sad eves spriesikag the
dragon of the alivation, to the policy of abeegatioa, which le
ailed amitsality. The gems alio* liersioni Y IMmais

of the spirited eve. lassible ef believing la es amps-
bodies the gems el good, the amble intimate which ani-
mas ladividesi sad nations, he in meeker of the, knowledge
of every form of spina, of every bed tendency, of every low
peenion which can pervert those Inadneta. Meths tempter he
acerb out ale or the weekness which leads to it. He cannot
crave, he can only diesels. ; and kends is the @meet of his
power. A policy boldly and logically moral would soon
destroy him. The eaistance of poor dlatasenbeted Italy in
willing unity was sufficient to overthrow all the dynastic
views of Louis Napoleon.
War la for the Empire an absolute neinity. The Empire
does not represent a principle, like liberty ; nor a tradition,
like legitimacy ; nor a faith, like theocracy. The Empire
represente a fact, a power created by vaurpatios, and this
fact is neotesuily invading, this power can only maintain
itself by action, by sielmikting to itself the life of *think
sad thereby strengthening itself. Glory and territorial
aggrandisement are the only things that the empire ma che
Femme in exchange for liberty. Where power acadate in
• chief and an army, war is the normal condition of Ile being.
To delude oneself into the ides that the Empire
can be peace, is to give the lie to history,
sad the salaam of the Empire ern only be with despotism.
Alliances ere founded upon identity of principles or or inter-
ests. The eximenoe of the empire in France demands the
triumph of Imperialism in Europe. The natural alliance for
Louis Napoleon is with Ruses and Austria: it would be
with PRIAM If the Rhenish provinces, destined wording to
imperial !Mime to beim to France, were not in the
way. The -tenons who ead England with the Empire
committed an error, and aftempted en impossibility.
ha ins it the amisadies moinent of Imperialism, in the
face of a new holy Alliance of despotism, in the face of the
dangers which threaten England, Preis, and the liberty of
Name, the neutrality imitated ea a duty by English
Itgemmosst is, as is the alliance, and Mill mare than the alli-
saes, ea enor as well se a crime.
I tusdastand neutrality for Switeeriad and for Belgium;
they are strategical points, which it i aimeeeary, in the trent
of en European war, to retool from the invitee of any
power, and the Bumper goveimonis have collectively
to maintain their independenes. But the centrality
irimary Mate adopted as the mile of political induct,
and without reciprocity on the part climber mates, is nothing
but the abdicatiou, the nide, of *et mac
Morally, neutrality s the abeadomatme of wary fonotins,
of every mission, of every duty whit is to be fWgiW on
earth ; it Is mere ismer eliNI3lOl, forgetful:ems of ail that
sanctifies a people, the negation of the common right of
nations, egotism raised to a principle, it is political atheirm.
A people cannot limit its own tree Atka without falling,
without denying the progress which GA calls it to steams.
Politicall , the neutrality of a Mete is its uullidatuon. It
dose not dlmfmih adagio diger,betoondemne estate town-
front to in isolation. History palate to stater that neutrality
has drawn into ruin—Vesiee, for example; not one that
nostrelity ben IS•01 from war or invasion. Media via, said
Tithe Livia, ewe not swim perdu, are inionote Wit. By
inscribing a imitation epee its own flag a nation does not
avoid death, but adds dimmer to it.
I do not speak of a war of contrary interests, I speak of a
war of opposite prinolpiss. Oa am aide is the deg of
bkity, right, tenth and good; en the other, that of tyranny,
ebeslute power, faleshood aud evil. Os one side they light
lendireediem of thought, for the inviolability of conscience, for
the kennel association of the peoples ; on the other, for the
deeMuying the freedom of thought sad conscience, for
ijeet esinmi. it enthroning brute fame as the
seindreg prielpie of the world. And you, free
id swig nations, you who declare youreelver be-
lievers fa truth and justice, and repeat for eighties
centuries the Christian formula, all sea are moos of God,
sad all bribers, you say, Between good sad aril we will
ramie neutral, indifferent spectators 1 It is the epee* of
Cain, Any people who adopts or teaches it ought no looser
to den to cell legal Christian—that people, practically, is a
people of atheist+ or cowards.
Cowardly and athelatical was the formula uttered by
Casimir Pieter during the reign of Louts Philippe—ammo
poor aoi, ammo Act on; neutrality is only the premed ap-
plioation of that formula. The doctrine of neutrality, of in.
difference between the two principles—Liberty sad Despotism
—was inaugurated by Ceasing, in his discos's@ of the 28th
April, 1828. Frees that time forward flasised has pro-
premed in the path which leads to isolation. She has not at
the mama time a single ally amongst the peoples of govern-
IMMO nos whom, in the hour of real danger, she can rely
wbh essildist. The governments know her to be melees
he their gal.= the peoples aroma bee of ionic
Aimed and egotism I biunimity is see; ite cense.
lee life cannot be destroyed by a theory. As in thebosord
ef
esek state there is a continual action and reaction between
does and olaw, between OitiZal and citizen, and isolation is
impomile to the individual, so there is continual action and
antis between state and state, between People Gad people,
the need seciety of the human race. You can renounce
the bensille of the community, you cannot avoid ire evils:
pit MI b pontos, but you cannot prevent the activity of
elm ermellead epos you and modifying your life. A vies
or 10 In is loads at Views or Paris reacts on your banks,
and on the whole of your financial life. A war, an insur-
rection, deem or lints your markets. Europe in arms
b yea to arm. There cannot be any prolonged straggle
ce:riliCOontinent without your being obliged totals part in it.
The meat of being neutral cannot is the end save you from
war; only it lomat the choice of the around and the hour to
the enemy. No; neutrality can be the cry of the day of a
fraction of men inc.pehle of any large views, or great con-
ception of national life, bat it cannot become the rule M
policy of any great or moral nation. A nation's life cannot
be cut in two; it cannot represent liberty at home and ie.
differences anegotism abroad; the laternal and external life
are only two aspects, two pier of the same principle, • hick
le the soul of the midi.
Mnglend cannot may I will shetain from all interferenee
lir pod, end allow say one free to Waders for evil. Si
emit deny her function in Europe, and coldly contemplate
Om growing power of Austria, of French Impenslisni, and of
Czarism. A terrible expiation will visit, sooner or beer, the
cowardly desertion of duty which God commando to nation@
es to ladividuals.
Imperialism is the moat urgent decor of Europe. Lunge •
must combat it; and conquer or die in the attempt.
._!=•..rialism cannot he resisted by caressing it, diplo.
with it, endeavouring to bind or limit its acute by
17ya: cal elliances or conditional concesaions. It most ha
emethetely met. If France persuades herself that the Empire
is a tact with which no one can contend—if the peoples
see convinced that there is no support fur them anywhere,
gems i lest
Imperialism sennot be resisted by endeavouring to keep up
the old Ostia of 1816, irrecoverably violated in many points,
deservedly onedesened to the others; nor byobstinately sustain.
tag Alls/f4114 doomed to pertah under the shock of the esti us
ram of which ohs is composed; nor by seeking a barrier
against the Czar In the Turkish empire in Europe, the
eastern Austria, which is also doomed to perish under the
shack of the European Christian races which constitute
nearly seven-eighths of is population; the only way to
destroy it is by isolating it end snatching trom it the arms
with which It is preparing to conquer Europe.
Thai arms are the principle of nationality.
I seed not islet upon the power of the principle—lt is
sufficiently proved by fame. Agitations, diplomatic eon-
feriae, insarreteloss war, all have originated in the last
quarter of a century, from this principle all point, as
a political axiom, to the inevitable remodelling of
the map of Europe. In the awakening races which consti-
tute the Turkish empire in Europe and the restless eubjects
of the Austrian empire lies dissected of the power of Czarism;
the thrill of re-awakening Italy has excited Louis Napoleon
to the Italian war, and has soon alter hastened the prose of
Villahstios. Without a resettlement of Europe in acoordsnoe
with the natural tendencies of the peoples there is no peace,
no passibility of fraternal meociation.
Louis Napoleon and the Cz Sr intend to avail themselves,
for their own ids, of this principle. It must be taken
from them, end the oppressed nationalities must not, from
despair of getting saelstance from others, be permitted to
throw themselves at the feet of Imperialism.
Lois Napoleon and the Czar intend to substitute the terri-
Joliet question fax that of liberty. Europe must guarantee
libmty to the peoples.
A league headed by England, which uniting in one Eng-
land, Presets, Germany, Belgium, Holland, Switzerland,
Portugal, Spain, and the other minor states of Europe,
should declare itself guardian of the independence and liberty
of every State in whatever concerns its internal affairs, and
ready to protect, even by force of arms, that liberty and in-
depideeme against any imam whatsoever, would nakedly
destroy the plena of imperials:li, would withdraw the pipit
for emir from its seductioss, would render new ware teapot-
efble7roin its numerical force, and would Waste the Empire—
oondlemning it so fight for its cdeeence—ia France.
Such a league is not only possible, but sissy.
AU Europe is now afraid of the invading tendencies of
Imperielism.
On the question of Itsly—the messitm upon which now
rests that a war or peace in Earope—the sago
e should say
to the Empire, "You have made peace with Amite ;
reason fw your longer sojourn in Italy Lard cited. Yon
discided the Alpe to seems the Wiwi's°, ltaly. This
independence requires the withdraw/I of every /idea army
from the penineula. Leave it, then. Yon promised shortly
before the war tbat tyaone would abandon the Roams States
wars Austria abandoned them. The mindftice is now fel-
filied—leave gear. Leave the people of Italy free, to settle
with their own forces the titedene whisk have hie whaled
for half a century between theta sad their goverment, ;
between the nation amnia* isdAnetrie, mistress of Venice.
We will take OITS that sli• does not again reties the Mindy,
the c.de specised to bee by yosr mew" This is the only
=worthy of Enfilood.. bff E!lt alone ow am rink
the bonds of brotherhood with the peoples, mho
bonen to the height of an European mission, fulfil, without
lememinif say eerieue dangles, bet own ditty, and arrest the
usurping movement of the empire. If not, she must re-
pare to cop with it alone, diet in Turkey—afterwards on her
own sins.
**gest, 1369. JO3BPEI MAZZINI.
Looke.

•
The womb d the half-year show a total revenue from all
sourced., includiug the receipt, of the Stourbridge and Strat-
ford. upon-Avon Camels, of 117,8291.15. 3d.. and s total expen-
diture 01 48,2681. 111.6 d., leaving $ balance of 69,5701.7 a. 9d.,
which sum, after deduction of 24,2711. 3.. 9d. for interest on
debenture bonds, loans. /h., 7,0611. Be. 6d. for interest on
debenture stock, and 3,3731. 18a. Bd. for Stratford Canal
fixed charges, audible@ the directors to propose • dividend of
6 per cent, per annum on the first guaranteed eta k, amount-
lug to 24,4381 18s. Bd., and of 4 per cent. per annum
Rpm the wood guaranteed stock, amounting to 8,9931.
16e. 10d. The capital account allows • gross increase of
74,6461. Ts. 114., ot which gum 42,3211. 16a. Id. is for sew
branches, sidinp, and works; 30,7171. 4a. for land, com-
pme•tiou, &c. • and 9,4351. 10e. 111. for plant and fixtures.
The receipt@ dike line show en bounder upon all items of
Irian, amounting altogether, ow the corresponding half-
year, to 11,4781., or 10 per Nat.

"[DLL AND SELBY RAILWAT.—The directors
state that the accounts for the half-year ending the 30th of
June but show a balance of 33,6731., and they recommend
that • divideed be declared of 21.9 e. dd. per whole or 601.
share, and is the same proportion on the half and quarter
shares (nee Moose tax).
MANCIIMSTBIL BREFTTELD, AND LINCOLNSHIRE
appears from the requirementa of the Baud
Inland Revenue in respect of income tax, that the above
genipasy, in Itagthe aluseholdrre the half-year's dividend
dee on the 30th of June last, should make • dedwelos at the
rate of fel. in the pound on the proportion of such divides&
which accrued on the sth of April last, and at Is. Id. in the
pound on the remainder; and, in like meaner, the deduction
in respect of the dividend for the subsequent half-year, to
the 31st of December nest, should be made at the rate of
la. Id. in the pound on the portion to the 10th of October,
and at sd. in the on the remainder.
SOMERSET CENTRAL RAILWAY.—The half-yearly
empties of this company was held fir.oy at Obstm-
bury • Mr. George Wary in the The report Meted
that Use gum received hem the Bristol and Exeter company
for rent of the line to Jane 30 last amounted to 3,2231., end
the income from other emus to 3011.—total, 3,6241.
The dispoeable Deluge, including 631/. brought
foreerd • from the last half-year, amounted to
3,0091. The dfrectore recommended • divideed at the rate
of 4 pet.r ege per annum. lets income-tax. on the
original capital of 70,000 i. for the past Mx
months, and a dividend at the come rate on the Wells
and Burnham extension capital of 70,0001. from the
16th of Mardi (the day when the Wells line wee cured for
public truffle), heaths a balance of 8361. The contract for
the works of the Bruton line had been let to Menem Rigby,
sad the wake had been le active progress since May last.
The whole of the land had beet agreed fir, and the con-
tractor was already in possession of about seven miles of the
line. The line was to be completed by the 28th of July,
1860. The bill for enabling the company to lay down the
narrow gauge and foe regulating the c mint of the company
received the !weal assent on the Mt instant. Debentures for
6,00/. of the 20,0001. orienally issued at 6 per cent. had
been paid off end replaced by debentures at 4} par ant., end
arrongements had been made for converting 4,8404 feting
due in December next on similar terms. The retort of Mr.
Gregory, the engineer, gave a favourable account of the state
of the works and the progress of the Glastonbury and Bruton
line. The capital account showed a total receipt of 2010471..
of which 193,7011. had been expended, leaving a balance of
7,4261. The chairman moved the adoption of the
which was put and carried, and, after some other formal
Weiner. the meeting separated.
CORK AND BANDON BJJLWAY.—The report of
the director. of this coop ley states that the traffic receipts
may be conaidered sat4Aetmy, as whet has been lust on
goods hes been gained con pameagets, leaving an increase of
revenue on the halUyesr. Time balance-sheet exhibits a
surplus of 1,9181., aftir providing for all expenses, and the
directors recommend that a dividend be paid at the rate of
5i per cent. per annum on the No. I preference shires for
the half-year ending the 30th of Jame, and on the No. 2
preference shares at the rate of 5 per amt. per annum for
the same period, both payable on the let of September next.
Since the last half-yearly meeting the Cork and Kinsale
Junction Railway Company have obtained their act, the
lint sod has been earned, and the contract taken, and there
is every pr iapic< of the line being opened in twelve months.
The capital account shows that 369,7821. had been received
and espended to the 30th of lone bat. The TIMMS account
for the half-year ending the 30th of June states that 7.4971.
bad been received and 3,7361. expended, leaving a balance
of 3,7611. Ts this wee added 3,1771., the balance hem the
Met half-year, making a total of 6,9381. Isom which must
be deducted the sum el 4;143/. for dividends on preference
shares and Interest on Issas, leaving_a balsam of 2,7951.
MINING ENTESPIUSE IN BO AUSTRALIA.—Aa
a *Mum of intereat we rentark that Mr. J. Bert, hne
arrived in England per the steamer Bowes en • special
ibe object of which to Induce Elea, taints
Si turn minion,
is
their attention to the mistral rmenrom 7 taints
1
Annuli.. The immense deposit, of coffer existing is the
sadinterier.ollof the colony renderwabithiscce el
;theuree4the
ha capitol. emenlieteneesi *joker was sires to
Mr. prior to his depertere, at which the xnejority
, of of the Assembly were present.—dowtra/ties

1

LsOOND:i. HAND PLANOPOWIIIS,-CRAMER,
uc. sad o==mtering it Disserlissi na•

gbe expreoo.

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bulismobMANl lor Isiriss." Landis
11.11111 Mg be et the Olbse. 10, Boeettie-tcreet,
by Two as dos 17 et pabiliseiao.

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The Moms, TRIAD NAITAXIII
CLAW AD 111th CLAW es, The
Omer et Y. Allows Sr-1.111 *AID or ALL wok& Mr.
A. II eaL—Ase TAB MIMI Of MAL& li. IL Ilnythees.

1111011 WATI AT LONDON 11111DelA
To Pat —loenoloa. Ilk 1115.............A11er5ear. Illk. ea.
T04111111111.44=1.1. .. 1L............a1101011. iii. a.

SONDOE. WEDNESDAY, AUGUST 10.

Ir to have grand opportunities is to have grand
fortune, two of our countrymen are fortunate
men, Mr. JAMES WILSON and Sir N. FREE will
now show what they can do in positions in which
they must succeed or fail conspicuously. Sir H.
Flame has already proved in Scinde that he can
appreciate Sir CHARLES NAPIER'S policy in the Fint
of the creation of wealth es in other respects ; and
we hope great things from his carrying his convic-
tions and his experience to the Supreme Council,
where such a rinsovatios as his protean implies
ought to be acesediagly welcome. Mr. Wit son's
appointment is a yet more serious matt-r. Nothing
more grave mild happen to himself than
becoming Chamonix of the Exchequer to India
at the pessent juncture; and no appointment
could be of mem musequence to the nation at large.
It is said of tbecorresposdieg post et home that no
man's fitness can be judged of otherwise than by
trial. In no other Mike is it so impossible to intim.%
pato what the now official will turn oat. A man may
have shown himself mister of his business in every
lower department of the same function, and have
excited the highest expectations among all observers,
end yet it is an even chance whether he turns out
helpless or efficient. If it is so in England, the
chances would seem to be strongly against success in
India : but what an opportunity it is 1 A man with
a spark of public spirit, or even personal ambition,
may well embrace with eagerness the barest possi-
bility of such greatness as would be won by the
retrieval of Indian finance, which, under the circum-
stances, means the retrieval of one of the grea
countries of the world, and the salvation of hundreds
of millions cif people inhabiting it, sad amseetsd with
it. A mu who loves his country sad mere& hirseelt,
will ran herd risks of failure for the remotest choose
of sash a messes as this. We, fee ear part, have
steadily believed this penalties SWUM to be triads
human reach; mod nothing that we have heard lately
bas at all altered or ocevieties. We admit that •
comprehensive mind, well Maimed is miememde
seirrice, is requisite; end with It a saes sad bomb
power of overecousiag nisistaase, sad • special legs-
city in the choice and messgement of instrumests
In abort, the same qualities are requ;site that we see
in action on a smaller seals is mess of private finan-
cial success at hem.. Them qualities. msguified to
meet the getout of the seemiss, might. we are eve-
fidget, save led* develop bee resources, pay her
debts, sad mist her the meet opulent and wealth-
meeting of the territories held under the British
aroma. No rudest observer would say of any man
that he was fit for such a function ; bet every good
patriot would irecourage a promising aspirant to
hope and attempt everything : for by hops and
sourer, only as other qualities be elevated to the
height of the °cession.

The first mord' ration perhaps le that the sac-
awful financier of India most take the largest view
of what may possibly be done. The debt will never
be paid by Nadir( only the existing methods sad
ardlnery resources. No twieting and turret, me
shopping and ebaning among the familiar element"
will peeler the weeded wealth. To stimulate the
yield of a tee here, and to "memoir a branch of
eapeeditnr• there, may be a good thing, and a very
peeper thing to do, red a wrong thing te neglect ;
bat it will not retrieve the fortunes of India. The
ern who would do that must be strong enough to
take up India, m it were, in his hand, and weigh it,
and prove it, and see what can be made of it, testing
it by the principles of science in a new apparatus of
informer,. Plainly speaking, be most UBO all that
has been hitherto known and done about iodise
revenue as so mach indication of the new methods
to be adopted, not u so much precedent authorising
• continuance in methods which are letting the
country down deeper into debt every year.
The heeler line of the whole question of making
India self-supporting and prosperous sterna to be
Within it are comprelieeded all other oar-
&retire. " What is the land? aid what ese be
dose with it by the people upon it ?" This is the
fundamental inquiry with regard to all countries,
became the land must elevate the people op to a
certain point before they can reach other sources of
revenue. Moreover, the land is the one single ele-
ment which tends always to increase in valuer at
jeer while the people upon it are rising to a higher
point than men are yet seen to her
attained. This being universally agreed epee,
it is established that the way to redeem
to the utmost the burdens of any people is
for their government (whatever it be) to be promised
of land, as a means of ever expanding revenue. The
most fortunate circurastancec. that could blew any

young State is laid dowo to be the power of retait;
log land, the yalae of which inseams with the public
seeds.

Looking at India u if it were now put afresh into
our hands for management, we find that in Bengal,
the most highly cultivated parties of it, 30 millions
of acres are lying waste; that is the Madras Presi-
dency, thrte-tourthe et the land remain undeveloped;
that in Beeshey, nearly half stands over se a future
resource; while in the North West Provisoes there
am, actually purveyed and unlet, above 10,000 square
miles of cultivable land. Here alone imam inexhaust-
ible fountain of wealth. The Madras portion aloe*,
if let on the terms which are found to answer beet—
those of the North West Pro, incur—woe Id y ieldt h rye.
fourths of the entire Indian land revenue of 1836-7.
The Wage lands of the whole country in.
clod* more wealth than laths or any other country
ever yet esjoyed. The northern part, from Bedew
upwards, yielded in AuttumGztez's time a revenue
somewhat exceeding ours of the present day. His
was thirty-eight millions sterling, and ours is under
thirty-seven millions. We have all bis meur, and
se much besides uthientific aricaltnre and the prin-
ciples of good government pat into our beside. Two
considerations follow—hew to exercise the most
effectual command over the eadeveloped land, and
how to increase the value of the whole, since upon
these depend the ex!eemile of commeree, and all the
ree,tirees of revenue widdietarise• pas sp. A

"A°

*ft.V.

financier worthy d the time and place will
see—and will cases Government to ase—that an
absolute and irretrievable sale of land waald now
be both a folly and a crime, while all the objects of
absolute possession may be secured to the holder
by wies and favourable terms of settlement ; and
that all lands held without fulfilment of the con-
ditions, or by mere encroachment, moat be looked
after, IS Sir CH...ILES TREVELTAX proposes and
intends. The more reasonable and profitable to the
holder the terms on which lands are let, the more
rapidly does cultivation spread; and a financier who
is adequate to his office will study, and probably
find, the means of easing and elevating the cultiva-
tor, by the same method which will turn the wastes
into fertile and peopled lands. The power of doing
this is one which Government should never part
with. Next follows the duty of improving the con-
ditions of agriculture—that is ramifying out public
works, which invariably augment the demand for
land, and presently pay their own expenses by in-
creased production, if not by direct profit. If we
had room to exhibit the items of profit from
works of irrigation, and from canals and roads, and
to show what moat inevitably be the results of car-
rying such works into certain new regions, no reader
would doubt the future fortunes of India, unless by
the most obstinate blindness and fully in the choice
and conduct of rulers.

elm Can.

OSBORNE, Algeria 9.

Her Majesty, ateeenpanied by Prince's Louisa
sad Primer Hobealobs, dros oat Isaterday if mama, at-
tended by the Conning of Gabeloroegb, the Hon. Flora
Meolooalid, sad Calmed Dblihalph.
The Prises Coast, eileadsd by Casale Ds Piet, rode
on bombed', and vistaed Ye Churl Duke conetenuse et
tbe Pb. Hotel, Ryds.

The Name Wised tea a drive.
Tbe Has. eh. C. sad Lady Phipps had the honour of dining
with bar Majesty.

Prime Allred. attended fry Maker Conn, R E., lift
Buckle abase Pekoe ma Mew* ems* for Rolyrood Palate
as a .ant to the Prime al Wake.
A depotaiime of yards. hohnoted hi the Demme Railway
Cootpeey had es latarefew with tha Duke et M
yesterday, at the Cehmatheinee. tibe floythaelea=A
Mr. Jam Cthellorehe (theklum). JAR A. ?thee
itr=r), Mr. Charles Rased (dfreeke), rad Mr.
esarstaz2,ll, vague the theethelden ;
Mr Jams Cemlobast, lb. WM. fto. Ihmilbete, Mr.
Jonathan' Reylderms, Mr. awe Bread, mod Mr. R. D.
Davies refreeemetth the hallbeldre; and was beredeomi
by Mr. J. C. Ism, 31.1%-111r. Dia% d ths 14vorpeel
• =tthe dapthedem. Mrs
om Teareere, ethethft al Kr. J. W.
Hasa. (July el OsniChile ire, Losermithe,
emd Elmevehlre), Mr. Werehmed, Mr. Thammeß.
FAM44, Mr. Menai G. flbraibby, Mr. J.
Mame, amd Mr. There Raley, had sa itteerwlew=
with the Adis Ilea. Mr G. C. Lewis, it the Ilarrontra
zit=lades, le
of Mr. Wtholtate, M.P., M.r.
ILP., Illr Z. G M.P., Kr. thm, M.P.,
Mr. 1:1;1.P., sod Mr. , led es biter-
view with Mr. Wag, Becniary M the Tresseuy,
refute: le demi liarbeer.
ewe tecelvad at the Cokelakollse, yealieday,
dreturreeermare of the Ametralism Colombo, Wee Z..M.d,
the Meestima, mod the settlememts se *II Wirt Coast or
Mika Deepetelme were seat to the Gemara el Caserta,
and the Led WO Comminiomer of the leeks Lid..

wijatr sad hi. Royal Rieman ti. Prim*
Corms, aoraospaalod by 4 PAWNS Ain awl odor
patheal umbers of 4 royal toady, lowed ar ramie at
Oleffill Mfg Monday, 4 lily Wars; oa obiall Of liO
talkarfog day, maim nay orahroossa eiramalmoo .r 4% 4
Qaoaa aral out afoot 4 Belagrisl, lo paw tbroo wogs or
a mark at 14 BwW *am

His Royal /Denim the Prince of Wales M-
anisa Quin. sorvios Da Deday loot m the Hick C►ms3 of
Idiaborra. The Roy. Dr. Arcot ofnotabol. HI. Royal
Ibilmoom Priam Alfred, arnioadod by Major Cowell, LE.,
Irll Bockiasbom Pasco es Illooday evening, for Rolyrood
NM* oa a visit to tbs Prises of Waleo.

His Royal Higluaus the Priors Consort paid a
visit on Niteclay sins ing le Ide Imperial Bighorns the
Greed DIM Counsel's', at the Pier Hotel, Ryde.
Courtmes civilities are et daily occurrence between the carat
and military entharitiee at Portarnosth and the admiral and
alters beirmitee to the Remise equedroo at Spithead.
Admiral Isle= laid a rho yssiontsy to the
ta-clier, Admiral Boehm, the

r, Major-

Osnesoi Or Jams ficaristt, sad Roar-Adarn' dapsria-
teaks* dr Hon. Gorse Grey, d her Majesty's dockyord,
Portommontb. liersisn admiral sad odors wth dins
with trs Cssatarndsr-10-Cbief to-day (w 7). at
tM Airkslty Mess, dockyard, Portsmouth. She Roars
adrind wad rims wus rasa% oa Moeda, on Souther-
carnmem to wither tbs yeesantatton of saw Moors to dr
laid Liner& nrimbest of Militia. Tbs ran morn the
Maria same drat at tits miss of the let battalion of
Mid" a! Portsmouth.

Meet of the German Feiner are now enjoying
Moore at vailose plasm TM !Mg of Wart etaburg is et
Ulm! ; the Omni Dohs of Mass at Maim., ow the
Maw of tbs Labs of Casserce; sad Os Oeswil Deb of
Lass Is - s elett to tles • 1-11Cisg Lasts of Davarts at
the Qom of Lsopoktalcros. The Es Dowager of
ihs Dowd Court of Nemo, and the Primo Rages(
al Prowls. an at issa.

Ilke Prison loarakine, in the suite of her Imperial
1111gbano the Overt Dachas Mono of R..Ne hr airlead at
Yezraitio Rotel,lgtovio.

The Prime Alexiadez Dolgor °ay bas attired at
Imes Hotel, Mon Pons.

Ain ILicellesey the Ambassador of France returned
H illart.gste How, yustardq, from riaiti. bie Lima, at
Tunbridge Wale.

The Doke and Duchess of Manchester arrived, at
the aloes at the peat week, at Taathagee Castle, meaty
Anima, to pa. a few weeks previa.' to makimg a tour at
visits is &Waal.

The Berl and Countess Spencer have returned to
Spacer Hew has Ileaderate. The noble earl and cognises
will have haws ea Friday for their mat, Alihorp Pb,ee

The Bart of Dalkeith, M.P., left town yesterday
to meet his yacht et Southampton. Ills lordship (steeds
to go o• • cruise of several woke, mod then :spar Is
Seashad lee the autumn.

The Deka and Docker of Northumberland have
,locoed to Bwa House, laleworth, from a tour in Booth
Wolfs.

The Earl Craven and Lady Evelyn Craven leave
tows to-day to Join the roam«. at Buxton, Derbyahlre.
Viscount and Viscountess Palmerston have re-
mised to Cambridge Home hem Bracket Hall, where they
haw enisetatais a select circle dere Sat ag last.
Viscounts= Jowly■ is staying at Tullytnoes Park,
Dowsantie, a• a nut to ths Merl and Commas of Roden.

Lord and Lady Faversham are pasting the ammo
at Datimatto Pork. Turkshim

Lord and Lally Colchester have left town on a
tour la Owintay.

Lad and lady Lyndhurst and the Hon. Mir
Copley an paatiag the Nom at Cowes, LW of When.

. _
Earl and Lady Censtasse Grosvenor have left
town for Brig►me.
The Earl and Cont.. el Dartmouth are enter-
tender a Imp circle of Mode at Borattwell Pork, Brall:ord-
ain.

The Right Ron. W. F. sad Mr. Cowper Ism
town this week on a slat to *ha Disks and Declass of Neel-
borough, at Shathelot Palate.

Mir Coatis has left town foe the season.
Barnum Windsor and Hoe. Miss Windsor Clive
bees ish weskit Oakley Park, 84/op.

- •
Lard Una, Lady Langford, Coast Bathyany,
Lady Weller, BM Edward Osanbier, Lady Boyd, Sir Mmthey
Wyatt, Lady Beaumont, the Earl of Carrick, and Lady
Dalrymple are &maggot the vieltora at Brighton.

Yarded yesterday, in St. Paul's Church, Pimlico,
the Hoe. George Charlie Nostra, sou sad heir of Lord
Vass, to Mary, the amid daughter of the late Dr. Moak,
the Bishop of Oloooretor sad Broad.

The Dowager Ladylianierßlair died a few day.
does at Celt Well, Ayrshire, the seira her sod-[a-taw,
Calemei Ohm, Owe a few hours' Mum. Her Wy►hip, who
was 'email diamehter of Bit Jobo Hay, Dart., married la
1876 Ok Devil Hears Bleb, But., who died fa December,