The Express.
London, England, 1858-10-12 00:00:00

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NEWSPAPER • t
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i'T`i,. ?:.,•''''44,
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(Stamped id. Additional,) [TWOPENCE. , ,
, the. Nor can I doubt that such • wark would be sane- . and Manchester to the conditions of life attained by
dosed by parliament ; not indeed without debate, but the beeltby parts of Northumberland or Sussex. i''
' without serious delay." The amendment of the law If we enable the populations of the great towns ' 4
of real property and the revision of the criminal law to keep up their numbers, we shall have done
were modally subjects in point. In the question of much. The incase must be supplied by our healthy .:
I
reformation and punishment. his lordship gave the fol. country villages. The higher wages of the towns *ill
lowing so the net product of our experiments. 1. When always attract young men as labourers and young women ~
• person charged with a criminal offenoe is sent to prime se servants or factory worker', to supply the demands of in- 1'
before conviction fur safe cuitody, it Is essential that ensiling trade and commerce. Emigration at the same time t i;
he should be kept separate and not tamed loose into • tom- will drain off the more adventurous parts of our people.
the criminal staid be. cci
confined sepal-i . 11
.ahnayt
aftero f n o tocorinovui icitrne n d er s e ,
pods
roare there wanting
itt.NewfinWgrlitandre at the
whereAeiti.
11
rately fora limited time in =oh a =near that solitude, en- the hearty meal and the cordial welcome renew the boapi-
forced sobriety, and the exercise of industry as his sole re- tallty, while • retrain:dative assembly and a free press
source against weariness, may prepare him for a better redact the liberty of the old country. Proceeding to the
course of life, It would be unwise to transfer him at once in fifth and last department, that of social economy, I retool-
h% subdued state to • condition of freedom, when hie very mend to your consideration the important subject of ea- •
want of energy would probably lead him back to crime. 3. Mom The conditions upon which it can be encosey
After separate imprisonment, the canine% in England and undertaken, the influence which it has on the eet,
Ireland have with the best effect been removed to primes and is likely to have on the future state of this nation, are .
were each has a separate cell for sleeping, bat where the topics which require and will obtainthe earnest inquiry o my
work is in common. 4. The board of directors in Ireland right hon. friend Sir J. Stephen, the able President of the
' have introduced • plan of intermediate prisons whim the t. Then is another subject owned= with
best conducted prisoners are Waived ftem military or police ion and other parts of social economy which deserves
guards. The convicts have, however, their appointed work, the attention of this department. The Conditions of in- 1
and their rations and their gretnitisi. At this period they Menial success in nations appear to vary from time to tiros, f 1
are allowed to obtain by inquiry premise of employment ad to be subject to periodical changes of great mo-
on their discharge. When these menses are sear- Fresno' for good or fur evil. Thus we find in the
Weed to be trustworthy the primmer is let Ms, but for the Utopia of Sir 'Thomas More, and other works of Me
=expired Fried of his sentases-lameashe Ender the super- ' then the extension of trade. and the demand
Miss of the Fibs. 6. The bees one class to ono- far meat is Foamed a change of cultivalica .
thee. adtheOiseribution ef la regulated by the Thiele deem may families from their dwelling.A
nenalsref marks obtains' hr Wheeler. The preset* ai .. m sh... to have taken place in the same
ebb pies - I wigpried by um s'an'g r 1 a liela. In Scotland the omeatkin of the
Nsassisbk• eg smart by the and the =km
lillbrine . i
put them fares. - mon the 'snore sae ' , - „ se-e. r
subjects of this dltriplitie will always be found-1. Young InstlY, in Ireland, the modal and poll
person, who have been brought up, or rather left to them- evils which afflicted that country for a century seem to have
selves by vicious Tweets, and who without wielrednies of reached a cries in 1818. The famine of 1847 was a diapen-
character have adopted from habit a mods of life they saw cation' of Providence which the oars of government could .
prevalent around them. 2. The offspring of good parted& not avert, and could only partially mitigate. There have ' '
who, having a strong propensity to vice, have boon led been however, measures of social economy Moped by the
astray, but who now, contrite and t, are ready to yeletwe, the effects of which deserve impartial inquiry. One 4
say with the prodigal son, „Father, have sinned
before' them ursasures was the introduction of • poor-law, or, in
heaven and before thee, and am no more worthy to be celled other words, provisions for the starving and punishment of
thy son." 3. Criminals who are actually weary of the the professional mendicant. Another measure was the En-
vie/ma life they have led. Virtue appears monotonous to cumbered Estates Act introduced by the present Master of
the young profligate, but vice is often far more monotonous the Rolls. Both thee* measures naturally raised a good deal
to the old offender. Criminal indulgence is to him no longer of opposition at the time of their introduction. My belief is,
a temptation, and nothing but want of effort end energy to however, that, taken together, and accompanied se they
escape from confirmed habits and begin anew, keeps many a ought to be, end no doubt will be, by a strict admiutstra-
reprobate in the nits of his old road. It is this energy tics of justice am great a change for the better all
which • well.contrived course of prison discipline should take pima in Ireland as took piece in Scotland between
supply. Indeed, the treatment of a criminal is not very the accessica of William 111. and the does of the fol-
different from the treatment of a patient attacked by fever. hewing century. Of one thing we may be confident,
first object is to subdue the fever • the next is, by that in natural talents of all kinds, whether for poetry,
strengthening diet, to raise the system again to a conditioneimeassia, end the ode of Fees, or for the eventful
of sound health. There remains, however, a further problem. vinesithdes al war, no people exceed the natives of Ire-
Supposing with Colonel Jebb that 76 per met, or with lend. Happy meld NM if that which has hitherto been the
Captain Crofton, that a majority are Mimed to ggeett their repeat& tof the empire should become her pride and her glory.
living honestly, what is to be done with the irtecLimahle • few wads takes I have done on the general objects of our
minority ? Admitting that this is • problem of great dial. amocistion. Oar Lest meeting took place under the
catty, that difficulty is touch !emceed when the whole body don of Lad Brenham, who unites in a singular
has been so sifted that the portion of beak and refuse re- the largest views of political and social science with the most
mining is comparatively small. Would it be too much to laborious practical attention to all its details. While he can
say in reference to persons whom the law fifty years ago survey the whole field of knowledge with the quick and rear-
' condemned to the loss of their lives, that those lives should eliding glace of a master, he can work at the Mk before
be spent in public labour, and that no period should be him with the patient industry of an apprentice. I vitin assigned for the remission of their punishment ? This par- we may be able to imitate tbie spirit, if not ate& ti
tion would, of coarse. conaist of only the irreclaimable few, ability. We are not like some phllcaophers end Nos
but, while the punishment would reach few, the Me would last century, enamoured of an age of reason ~,_
extend to all. There is another portion of our conviots will never come to pate. Nor do we there in the dreams .
separated from the whole body by their age, and this remark of the philanthropists, who ten years ago imagined theft If
brought the noble lord to the subject of reformatories. property end capital and competition were put down by
Amongst other commute was one to the effect that those authority, the human race might sit down in happiness end
who have charge of the reformatories ought to try various contentment. Our task is more humble, but es we concedes
methods of awakening the moral nose and applying the more in accordance with the decrees of our Divine Creche.
physical energies and buoyant animal spine of the boys To mankind is allotted labour a lea portion, and perpetual in-
committed to their charge. • Uniformity,regularity, slims, heritance. If any think that he hes nothing to do but to
may constrain permanently the minds of men ; these methods eat, drink, and be merry, In that very night as fearful a doom
In the cue of young boys may be only premising down • spring may fall upon him as it did non the tyrant of old. If any
which will rebound with the more force when that pressure 'appose, like the toasters of the Roman empire, that the sword
is removed. I remember, upon a visit which I paid to Mr.Ws done its work, and that nothing remains for them but
Fellenberg, at lloferyl, that he carried me acme mile* into luminous enjoyment, that very luxury may revenge the
the hills to see whet he called his little Robinson Creme, conquered world. If any imagine that to them belongs
This was a large field, in which 10 or 12 boys were diming dominion, and that they may indulge in contempt of the i
and preparing the ground for seed; before thin they bad unlettered and ill-fed multitude, that very multitude may
constructed for themselves a wooden hut, where they had overwhelm them in bloody and merciless retribution. It is i
1 their meals and their alining-place. These boys, indeed, for us to work sa truly ea the man who forges the iron bar, l
ware not criminals, bat the Mak see them was a good illus. or the woman who works at the factory loom. It is for us to ,
nation of the importance, in tbe eyes of their bmmolent endeavour to improve the laws by which the community is I
and sagacious instructor, of inne occupation that shall mute governed. It Is for us to show how education may be ex-
' the investion at the some time that it fatigues the body. tended and diffused. It is for us to examine and record what
' I remember, also, at the juvenile prison at Parkhurst, lose been done for the reformation and punishment of
f Captain Woolcombe. the first governor of that establish- 'Anders. It is foe us to confirm and animate the efforts i
wear, showed me a boy upon whom he said all instruction which am beingz made to sustain the public
and i t
exhortation were therm away, until he washed that health, and there preserve for this country her
the boy was moved by music. This faculty war cultivated Sellasses a the me of a norm' end indorsed-
i . I
, and developed. and thence a way was hued to soften and mat race. It is toe us to investigate the conditions of
i mould his obdurate dispo.ition. These instances lead me to the great problems Of political economy which may often ad-
the other remark I have to make. Every one must have ob- wit of eruptions, but never of refutation.. In no doing we
served the new Influence, which is not being asserted or shall but consult the welfare of the present and future
I
',ought, but is falling to the lot of women in swaying the generations ; in so doing we shall follow the path traced out
destinies of the world. It is note share in directing the pa- far as by Almighty benevolence and Almighty wisdom.
teenage of ministate, or guiding the councils of kings, as The noble lord was frequently abetted during the delivery,
in former times, but a portion in the formation and tbe and et the conclusion of the address.,
moulding of public opinion. For a greet port of our Lord J. Besseex then moved, and Sir I. PAZINGTON
, periodical literateire, for laud, of that world of fiction he esseaded a vote of thanks to the noble and learned lord who
, which many live and nearly all take delight, we presided at the lest meting, which having Men tarried, i
, are indebted to the 'lariat fancy, the delicate Lord Baougmem appropriately replied.
' perception, and the grace of expression pewee= by
, woman. It seems to me, and lam confirmed in this opinion t
• by the bright examples of heroic benevolence we have seen
" IMPERIAL" WETTING.—The Aloniteur in wind-
, of lets years, that if the young generation are to be as fen-
prevenient upon their fathers—if sin it to have leas deed- lag up tie mama of the final review for the PelBol2, at the
nine and religion more power—if vice is to be 'bathed sad Chiba. camp, contains the following piece of fine wnting :
virtue to be honoured, it is to woman that we must look for 0 To-marrow those vest plaice, now the theatre of such
such a regeneration." With regard to education, the noble unvented mimanant, will once more change their aspect.
lord renounced any desire to establish in this country the Bat heataforth Eh will serer be abeent from them. Hum-
=stem of France, Austria, or Prussia; opinion was still bility is the characteristic of every work to which the
"in the gristle" upon this subject. Upon the Impartial Emperor applies the families of his generous
deploy of facts by the royal commission now sinner, per- mad patient mind. Those who were Preelat
' 'lament and the nation would decide. Having noticed the yen in the early dabs of the camp me jut'
' university examinations in middle elan schools, and the cots- of the immense change already wrought in a contin7
pettily, =intimations in the civil service, his lordship 'erred where the fruitful influence at Ws powerful neleleas
upon the topic public health. Quoting various seamen= will be more end more felt every day. The visit
from the Registrar-Genera" reports, mentioning conspiencens Paid by the Emperor this year to Mu ueeful end
instances of the good effects of sanitary measures, Important Sousdatiou must assuredly produce more results
his lordship contleued :—" A London water can- than one. To consider one dies immediate effects only, it has
pony distributed in 1848 very foul water. In the =okra reeved to prove once again the devotion, so re-aasuring for
epidemic of 18489, there died 1,925 of those who received the imam end dignity of the country, of our army for its
their supplier of water from this company. Between 1848 =Prune chief- it has furnished en opportunity ler thi most
and 1853, the company improved the quality of their obscure soldier to approach his Sovereign and to appreciate
entre In the cholera epidemic of 1853 4, the nose- end to understand him of his own knowledge, with that mar-
, bar of their customers who died was reduced to all, or lees roams Instinct which is the second Ills of elmVe natures
than one-third of the former mortality. In the meantime when brought into contact with men of truing. hose who
another water company supplied water still fouler than at were in a position to observe the Emperor's movement.du-
the former period, and the mortality of those who need their ring his eoiours in the eaniP, will retain a vivid reatembream
water was increased from 2,880 in 1848 to 3,478 in 1868; so of the some which passed before their SM. Above ell they .
that while the proportions in 10,000 persons in 1114111 were will remember this fog* that at array review, Panda, end '
llit and 125 respectively. those proportions were changed to military Me, there was *lons to be sass a peered behind
1853 ; the former rose from 118 to 130 and ths latter sunk yenaddierr When be board the aealaaaareea elf the
from 125 to 37. Nor can It be doubted that while such are troops echoed out of their ranks, the /Sovereign had &present
the noesequenore in cores of increased and unusual mar- mum that ell Frenoe wet, behind hie army..
tality, the evils wh:oh occur daily sad yearly from the ems ISDROUNDT WAIL--.-The following is en extract
mums are no lesa remarkable though lan remarked. Let from the report of the jury of the exhibition. of Diemen'
us fix our attention, therefore, a few moments on this per- regards the grionnt vintage :—" Foe Burgundy, the yew
manent action upon our population. The inhebitants of 1868 is one of the finest of the present eatery. It Was
tbe town& Increase much faster than the inhabitants of the abundant as 1831; it will he warier to that year to tabus
country, yet the mortality in towns is too much greater than end flavour. and out only dad le equal in 1811, known by
the whole mortality of the country that, while the death- the name of the Comm-year. We now have • second ocenst
rate in England and Wales is 22.96 in 1,000, and the birth- year, mite ea alswedeae. Oheireaticess made with the pat-
es= is 34.82 in 1,000, the mortality in great towns would, at ewe have mod that the rep% mind at modiste
if not compensated from other sources, speedily redoes" maturity, and exempt from sey kind of milady, k
the aof our moot flourishing cities. Is Leedom meted with the meet eabbetory repidlty; that theVsegt .
which le the healthiest of our large tom= the ammo rate nom ter (the Intrantrent wt.= gives the strength of the .
of deaths In seven year', ending with 1857, was 24.07 joie' when first Feleed) melee 13l while, in ordinarT Mare
In 1,000. In Birminsham it was 28.79; in Minelemer, it does not exceed 11 sr 12; that the colour is beautiful and
3148; In Liverpool, 32.73. In this town of Liverpool the the bouquet already dereeiejped. All these facts are certain
population, if nnsupplied from elemitem, meld is a single Finite of good meaty. nem Mob, the wanes exhibited
geseration be considerably rodeos& Yet the diaibe-rase we have been alb to esseinde thee the bet growths have •
' show some improvement; in 10 Fare from 1841-50 it vas 88 rare degree of de leary sad homogeneity, sed that the good
per 1,000; it I. stated for the isle OPT= ems to have been ordinary Mass, and even the moot eliiillen, deserve to be
under 83 per 1,000. While this great atertelity has been pro- dawdled this year in a Meier meth thee what is ordinarily
ceding almost unelected, It hoe been aseertidned that there assigned le them. The aelai'Or will lapis acquire all the
are amen simple in their nature, Feetkable is appliesition, Footage
Mals.ied lIIMDWiIe§ aad, with elle wises of tad,
moderate in their cost, which wail very mesh Moen this must
dillenit zed
wo
deryldlogaintlacure
frightful evil. By an act of last SIONAOII (the Leese Gomm- Web ihs of
meet Bill) towns and corporitioes have it In their power ee OM the was he ef ennefer elleelley. cellar. are,
use thee" means. Ueda prejudice and false seamen have merteeme, sea rey, and the mats of ems—pies real ; on
long d the adoption of the remedies peseerfbed : these the other bend, ine vineyards in Fresco have bass so highly
supply of sir and water, eleolinma, pethibithe favoured this year as those of Burgundy. _ The South and
of overtrrowdiner, removal of soxisien meter from the Mesta the Beedidais have set been cemplmely free 'Ulm.
and banes. Public tam, which islerired with these It will he, !bombes logimi ft ameinde fist Otos will
oljecte—the tax on windows, the bums on coals, on wadies, needs high.
and on soap, have of late years been removed. Heavy, in- WHALE HUIIT.—An exciting SOME HU witnessed
deed, will he the maPonelbilily of those whet, bauble thermal" to Wick Bay a few days ego. About Mae in the morning a
to Romeo for tbaragehla and their eldiatun the aandidema at potty ammo= alma el Mesh, were men to aster between •
heath end strength, In Diem of these of diatom sad death- the bedleadis, seed es Onset thomedess in ell parts of the
mesas or hesitate to adopt the remedies within their reach. I bays boassoliet did dem gesehmity ID the deers Imens.
have spoken of the different rat= of mortality fa tarn or gemey gar *der tausbeen pet me teem the harbour
country. But this is a part, and not the steentrest part of gee misled by esonaporised trews, who,
the cues. Feebleness, chronic data, went of Burp, tree- Ida deem, pepliate, mopes, sad available
al and physical, reduce the tone, and I may may the ....le. • deepente attack apes the menskite.
moral character of cur town population. The exelthesent of Tit, 8 Nei* wee.herever, sere eager than well
drama, the stupor of intexiostion, are sought se • relief Brea asd gem mod' brd rowing thegamamo wee. lulSed ifEli
Owe low spirit. ailffindartuf in en naheelthY lida=lo- rem elibeeboal be the ogee tea, whose the does weelelpt
Hence marrellieg, strife, aesselis, poverty. and of up lbseme lima, We Masse sent Tie Mod wall mow
eduostioe for the Oaraing of this degenerate race. lensed bar Mem twisty, man of thing waging in Om rr,„,,, thirty
of healthy parents end robust &Wren, fitted le ceetime ea Seep Sec ma the gage as dial maw hie.. sad
from generatioe to generetkin &mighty governing people, we Mildest, pelmet by the beat, bite shallow water, wee as m-
oony see what Kilda bee so wen delotibed : citing as le wee novel.
TO
" Ail melodies IMPORTANT OXICIBOS DRIVERS AND CON-
Of 66bray ement, se teddeg Mama gad= socroas.--At the Cl* _Pell Comma-e, en detseday, •
Of seamy. el hienneas iamb driver ef we if the Leiden Owed Oman@ Gemenem's
Camden MG, eptlegelas. Sores ineenba." Macias append epee a ememens. at. beam wee asked
And we may end with hie sebases weeds: tor by Allem Rome. Kr. Bad mid the dehnbet bad
" Demob sot get hie hem's, which was reeerally in charge dim se-
Tended the sick Mien ban coach to conch, orellaq et the sempeey's Ogees. Tim Albinism' MAO* ea
And over dm trimapheat Death his dart a amen goner to Whet • mask, OW& alga •
Shook, Mt delayed ee Mitre, tho' oft invoked the Meer of ay paid medye The mil iv affroar a
With vows, as their chief god and !lasi hops." _musses mil 111 met preiese his Nome. Kr. Board asked
, There are mem emend considerations which may bare find that de ease might be mileareed, se it was not the men's
• their pie= We ma sever awed to take Bkolagbant Wt. She adiememeen um punted.