The Express.
London, England, 1860-07-10 00:00:00

LONDON, TUESDAY EVENIRGF, JULY 10, 1860.

the one devoted to the machinery and the other to the live
stock. On one wide, under the trees to the left, is what
might be taken for • end of indignation meeting of smell
steam amass, all palling, snorting, and competing, and
each perfonolignehard-of testa in the threshing of corn, the
cutting of turnips, cr theploughing of farrows of mathematical
nicety. We looked through the machinery first, because
we first came to it, and because here it was • legitimate
subject of antilop; having fairly competed for the prism.
It was imps Bible not to be struck by the number and
ingenuity of the various contrivances for the saving of
human labour, or to avoid reflecting on the great and bene.
tidal changes which their general use must effect for the
English people. They will not, probably, cause ono man
I lass to be employed, but they will enable the fanner to
produce a great deal more food, and thus better to keep
pace with the demand, which has so much baffled him of
late years. There will be as many men employed as before,
but they will be employed • skilled and not merely
muscular labour, having already, as we were informed,
quite surprised the scientific engineers by the aptitude with
which they in a moment fell into the management of the
most intricate machine. Fowler's twelve-hone set of steam
cultivating apparatus, which obtained the great prize of 90/.,
is • most farmidablnlooking engine, quite like one of the
pent knomotives an • railway. It will do the work of 40
sr DO men, and yet it is managed by an ordinary tarn
labourer, who never bad any previous instruction. The'

sales remark m►y be applied to Mesas. Robey's set of
steam ploughing tackle, which obtained the second prize,
and which is always managed by the ordinary man of
the farm. The farmers have now quite given in their adhe.
lion to the steam plough, and wherever the holding is
large enough to bear the outlsy purchase one at once.
This, of course, will lead ultimately to the consolidation of
farms, but in the meantime great advantage might be de-
rived from the establishment of depots in various parts of
the oountry, where the expensive machines could be let out
on hire to the farmers of a hundred and two hundred acres.
There is already a great scarcity of men felt, not only in
England, but all over the continent, and as in an English
harvest time is everythiag, the point we have now touched
on should not be lost sight of by the society.
Next to the steam ploughe, the mowers sod
reapers of Mara. Burgess and Key probably attracted
most attention. It is now nearly ten years since the
American reaping machine was one of the greatest
wonders of the Great Exhibition in Hyde Park, and ever
since that time Messrs. Burgess and Key, who became its
proprietors, have devoted their whole time and talents to
bringing it to its present state of perfection. Lord Eversley
and Sir William Miles honoured this stand with a long
visit yesterday, and expressed themselves exceedingly
pleased with the recent improvements. We believe that
the use of these machines is increasing everywhere, the de-
mand far exceeding the supply, and that in this year's hay-
masking they have been found of immense advantage in
getting the grass cut between the showers. In the
next stand to Mews. Burger's • new American
machine which professes to be a mower and reaper
was exibited, but its performance did not quite
grisly the judges, sad the Boa decision has been suspended
until after harvest. A number of small steam engines of
moderate price, and admirably adapted for the more mode-
rate sized farms, are exhibited by Mr. James Haywood, of
the Phoenix works, Derby, one of the makers who was
prevented from competing by the ambiguous wording of the
society's specification. This firm also exhibits an improved
threshing machine, which performs its work so completely
that the corn having pulsed through it is completely reedy
for the market. Many of the small steam engines of Mr.
Haywood's firm have been sent to Australia tothe gold
diggings end to Ireland, where their very moderate price
makes them especially suitable. Combining the useful with
the ornamental, the grin also exhibit on assortment of
new sal beautiful designs in iron garden furniture, which
amongst farmers who use the steam plough end the
reaping ware will not we suspect be too long in Sr &lag
• market. The Messrs. Turner have obtained prises for
various applications of steam power to agricultural purposes,
and, indeed, judging from this year's exhibition et Canter-
bury, it is hardly too much to anticipate that the use of
steam will before long enter into almost all the operations
of the farm. It would of course be impossible to go in
dehul through such • "century of inventions "as we saw
collected yesterday on Canterbury-green, and therefore we
must, with one exception to which we are about to allude,
content ourselves by the general assurance that they are all of
obvious utility, nearly all workable by steam, and that as we
learned from most reliable sources they are coming to be
more and more used every day by the farmers. The sleep.
tion is a small Ericsson air engine, which has been sent
over to Englund for the inspection of the society. It will
be remembered that poor Ericsson failed—he died of a broken
heart because he failed—in propelling marine engines by
means of air, solely because he could not get up sufficient
power; but the power which wee insufficient to propel a
ship through the water might be made of immense value
in the operations of a farm, and it is the opinion of very
skilled and able judges that this engine of Erics-
son, from its cheapness, economy of fuel, and
■mall size, might become of immense value in
the tillage of the smaller farms. We believe we are
justified is saying that Mr. Amos, the society's engineer, has
• high opinion of this little engine, and thinks that with a
little English nursing it might be made a real blessing to
farmers. A noteworthy feature in the machine exhibition
also is an extensive display of the American sewing ma-
chines, which are becoming as popular with the farmers'
wives as are the steam ploughs and steam engines of Mr.
Fowler and Mr. Haywood with „their bosoms' lords."

Next in position, but certainly not second in importance,
we mashed the cattle show, where were ranged in goodly
rows the sires and dams from whose families the Smithfield
exhibition expects to select its Christmas attrac-
tions. This section of the exhibition was certainly well
worth a visit to Canterbury, as probably finer specimens of
breeding stock were never exhibited than those which ob-
tained the principal prizes. Mr. liarthrop's cheenut colt,
which obtained the first prize for cart-horses, is a perfect
specimen of the famous " Suffolk Punch." He was picked
out as probable first-prize holder by every one who came
tato the yard, and was the " cynosure of neighbouring
eyes" throughout the day. But although the judge's award
was in this instance ratified by general assent, it was not
so fortunate in other iustanties, and much astonishment was
expressed that another noble chesnut, the pro-
perty of Mr. Hare, of Ipswich, and which had
obtained the first prize at a recent exhibition, should have
been completely overlooked. If the innocent "Goliath,"
the bone's most appropriate name, was left out of the
prim list merely for the luxury of snubbing a previous
jury, al we can say is that poor Goliath was here made the
victim of a policy of very doubtful prudence. In the
honed cattle, Colonel Towneley has obtained the first prize,
for one of those beautiful " Butterflies" which have made
him so f•mous. The original " Butterfly" was sent to Aus-
tralia, but the present one is his brother, and fully sustains
the credit of the family, being a noble bull, perfect in
everything but his resemblance to the airy flutterer
from whom he takes his name. Perhaps the greatest
catastrophe of the exhibition has fallen on the
Sonthdowns, in which clam Mr. Rigilen's name is not
even mentioned, and the Duke of Richmond is completely
extinguished by Mr. Jones Webb, who takes this year no
less than five prizes. Of the boars it is hardly possible to
say too much. They seemed much more comfortable in the
daylight and open air than do their relatives in their hot gas-
light pens in the Portman-street Bazaar, and get up when
. . . .

- -
required, to be poked, with much readiness and urbanity.
Very interesting features in the show ere the milch cows,
each attended by her calf, and the mares by their foals ;
but so numerous are the specimens that it would be quite
impossible to notice them in detail. They had all been
brought to the ground by the South Fester° Railway Com-
pany in admirable condition, and the directors have made
equally careful arrangements for the enormous influx which
is expected during the remaining days of the show.
The following is a list of the principal prises and awards :

4. To the owner of the best cow, in-milk or in-calf, above
three years old, let prise, 201.—Richard Festwood, of Swill.
shawahouse, Burnley, Lancashire.
b. To the owner of the best heifer, in milk or in calf. not
exceeding three yesre old, Ist prise, 151.--Henry Ambler, of
%Allmon Hall, Halifax, Yoetshire.
6. To the owner of the best yearling heifer, let wise, 151.
--Captain Gunter, of the Grange, Wetherby, Yorkshire.
7. To the owner of the beet heifer oaf, above six and
under twelve months old, Ist prise, 101.—Hon. Colonel
Pennant, of Penrkyn Camila, Bangor, Carnarvon.

REREFOR-DS:
CLAM 1. To the owner of the best bull, calved on or
before the let of July, 18.58, and not exceeding six years
old, let prize, 301.—Thomas Edwards, Winteroutt. Leomin-
ster, Hereford.
2. To the owner of the beet bull, calved since the Ist July,
1858, sad more than one year old, let prise, 257.—Wi1l
Perry, of Cholstrey, Leominster, Hereford.
3. To the owner of the best bull-calf, above six and under
twelve months old, Ist prize, 101.—John lifonkhouse, of
The Stows, Hereford.
d To Übe owner of the best cow, in-milk or in-calf, above
tiros years old, lst prize, M.—James Taylor, of Stretford
e Leominster.
lno the owner of the best heifer, in-milk or in-calf, not
exceeding three yearn old, Ist prize, 151.—James Rea, of
liesinglity, Knighton, Radnor.
To the owner of the best yearling heifer, lit prize,
151.—Lord Esterase, of Skaubdon Court, Sholiclon, Here-
ford._

7:To the owner of the beet heder.colf, above six and
perdu twat months old, let prize, 101. —John Williama, of
BC Mary* Hereford,
DEVOHB.
_ _ _

Cuss 1. To the ownerrof Ne beet bull, calved on or
before the lot of July, 1858, and sot exceeding six years old.
—First prim, 3111., Thos. and John Palmer, of Norton, Stoke
elmaland, Wigton, Cornwall.
2. To the owner of the bed bull, calved wince the lot of
July, and more than one year old.—Fint prise, 261., Janes
Qttertly, of Molland /louse, South Moltoc, Devon.
3. To the owner of the beet bulleall, above six and under
twelve months old. —First prise,lol., George Turner, of Bar-
ton, near Exeter.
. . _

4. To the owner of the beat cow, in milk or in calf, above
three years oid.—First prise, 901., James Quartly, of Hol-
land House, South Molkm, Devon.
5. To the owner of the best heifer, in milk or in calf, not
exceeding three years old. First prize, 15/., George Turner,
of Barton, near Exeter.
6. To the owner of the best yearling heifer.—First prize,
ISt, Philip Heise, of Holland, South Holton, Devon.
7. To the owner of the best heifer-calf, above six and
under twelvemonths old, 10/ , George Turner, of Barton,

war Exeter.

OTHER ESTABLISHED BREEDS..

CU WI 1. To the owner of the beet bull, calved on or
before the Ist of July, 185$, and not exceeding six years
old, 101.—Edward Cane, of Berwick Court, Berwick, Lewes,
Sussex.

2. To the owner of the best bull, calved since the Ist of
July, 18.5 a, and more than one year old, 101.—Lord Sondes,
of Elinham Hall Thetford, Norfolk.

3. To the owner of the feet cow, in milk or in elf, above
three years old, 101.—Edward Cane, of Berwick Court, Ber-
wick, Lewes.
4. To the owner of the best heifer, in milk or in calf, not
exceeding three years old, 10/.—Lord Sondes, of Emhart'
Hall, Thetford, Norfolk.
5. To the owner of the best yearling heifer, 5/.—Lord
Besides, of blmham Hall, Thetford, Norfolk.