The Express.
London, England, 1860-01-19 00:00:00

seemly anybody,
We hear on au han
medical offieers do
the greater number
specially to the art
lion; the medical men
may checked. Again,
. _

met only from being worn out, but from deterioration
by reproduction from unhealthy subjects, wherever
vaccination is done on a large scale in
populous towns. Again, the Act assigns the
eighth day after vaccination for certifying its ono-
cites ; whines it takes fourteen days to amertain the
fact. The pastille is formed by the earlier date ; but
there may be failure after it; and the final evidence
of oomplateneas cannot mmally be bad before the
fourteenth day. If this be so, it is a very miens
thing. Popular essidsmes in vaccination bee been
unduly, though not perhaps unreasonably shaken for
some years past, from the renewed spread of small-
pox after all precautions ; but we have a farther re-
motion to go through, if hundreds of thousands of
eltildren are warranted secure who ars not so in
Reality. No time must be lost in ascertaining what
dm fact la, and in bringing the law into accordance
with it.

It is not to be supposed that in educ►ted society
there is any doubt of the pneral preservative effects
of vaccination, though many now speak less
positively than they once did about its being an
absolute preventive. Most of us now say that,
when perfectly well administered, it usually pre-
cludes smallpox altogether; and when it does not
do that, it tenders the attack mild and manageable,
and by far less dangerous to surrounding persons-
It is the clear duty of those who believe thus to see
that all under their care or their influence are duly
guarded—by a second vaocination whenever it
sea possibly be needed. Thus much is a duty not
only to the individuals under our charge but tothe
surrounding neighbourhood, now and during their
whole lives.

Vaccination is not the only resource, however,
though too many persons seem to think eo. In Miss
NIGHTINGALE'S Notes on Nursing, just published,
there are some striking and useful remarks on this
mistake. Ina note at p. 19 she adverts to the com-
mon notion, in which she herself grew up, that all
smallpox is derived frosa some original ease, and
propagated onwards, so that it is always received
from some former patient ; whereas, she goes on to
say, " Since then I have seen with my eyes and
"smelt with my nose smallpox growing up in first
specimens, either in close rooms or overcrowded
" wards, where it could not by any possibility have
" been 'caught,' but most have begun. Nay, more;
"I have seen diseases begin, grow up, and pass into
" one another." Elsewhere she asks whether the
first question, when a child sickens with smallpox,
is not, "Where an he have caught it ? " and the
next, " Whether he has been vaecinated."
Whereas the first inquiry should be what is the
mischief at home which has crested the
liability. " Diseases," says Miss NIGHTINGALE,
" are, as all experience shows, adjectives, not none
" sabstantives." She observes: "No one would
" undervalue vaccination; but it beoomee of doubtful
" benefit to society when it leads people to look
" abroad for the source of evils which exist at
" home."

Here, then, is a yet better resource than the beet
vaccination. There would be unbounded gratitude
is England now towards any discoverer of a specific
against diphtheria, and yet mare against scarlet
fever. Bat the most experienced physicians tell us
that these fatal diseases are actually wantonly in-
mired by as. One physician, in the largest London
practise, declares that every case of diphtheria he
has yet met with was clearly owing to bad drainage ;
and many would tell us this unhesitatingly about
scarlet fever. Thu, we have two effective safeguards
against smallpox—cleanly living and vaccinatioa—
and yet the disease is spreading fast and fatally. If
we would not be disgraced for ever, and liable to the
charge of being a homicidal generation, we must
make a fall and free use of both safeguards—waging
vigorous war with dirt and bad habits in town and
country, and rendering the practice of vaccination as
effective as care can make it.

THE LATE VISCOUNT AIIBUTRNOTT.—The death
at the above Dobkin.= is oaaciuseed. The deemed,
Joao Arbuthnot, Viscount Arbeihnon sad Berra Invoic-
es vie to the peeress cif ficoesed, was bore the 113th of
Isoory. 1778. and worried. the 354 el .1 sae, 1805. Herpret,
oldest doistiter of Kr. Water Ogilvy, of Clove, who, bettor
the steel:doomed& limbos tbe Sri of Airile, sad
whose ens D.vid was resterod to the sweat bowers of the
belly. The late viscount bed enjoyed the title close span
slaty yews, having astroosoled hi. tattier in Petwory. 1800.
Tot sem yews ha wee one of the npresentative peers of
Ileetlead, sad was Lord Rotor of th• University end King'.
College, Abeam. Ho had held the position L.rd•
Liaattaast Liarardlasehirs. which be resigned in 1847.
The All.. sod elates devolve oe he oldest one, He Hon.
i.e... Areatteott, hors as the 4th of June, 11306, and who
married, on Joss 5, 1837, Lady Jaen timbers Dutsournod
Orgilvy. e
Aldeirlstis. doeskter of the lee, sad seer of the moat
Hot et

DEATH ir THE DOWAGER LADY COWLEY:AVe
regret to Mira of the death el Ledy Cowley, whoee dimolu-
des took piece yesterday, at noon, while on a visit to the
Id *ramie sad Marchinases of &Hamm, at Hattield Horse,
Herm Her ladyship had been unwell for some days, but me
ceavidered wait better ea Tuesday. Yesterday morning Lady
Cowley wee seised by seem alarming symptoms, and expired
at 11 o'clock. Me reiableas of her laden/tip beim quite unpre-
pared for the toeunifalecearreace. Lady Cowley wee eldest
laughter of James list Marquis of Salisbury by ids marriap
TIM Lehr Mary, sewed daughter of the brat Mar
Isis of Downshifts sod wee born 2014 March, 1784.
Her ladyship reerrisd. 27th February, 1816, Henry
Lord Cowley, whose marriage with Lady Charlotte CadOreli
had the sea year bees dissolved by sot of parliament. D. 7
bar marriage wok Lord Cowley, she died in April. 164 i.
ht Paris, the deemed 10%411.z:es an only daughter. the
Hoe. Georgians Charlotte , married is December, 1848,
to his Ideoelleary eir Henry Bulwer, our ambassador at
Coestantisopls. Hy the sedan death of her ladyship the
tamili.a of th. Eat sad Cocaine Cowley, the Duke and
Duchess of Weiliantem the Haman and Marobioaces of
&denary, Lady Blestahe Balker, Lad Deaf yrs Lord and
Lel Remy, the Hen, dad &v. the Dees et Windsor. Mr.
A. Hsaskrd and Lady Mildred Hope, sad other Andes of
dletbstise, era pieced I. mounalag.
DNA= op 8a HARRY MAINWAROIO.—Thia veil-
lowa sad respected Despot died suddenly as the 111 h
last. et the ripe ega et 76 year.. He n tared to rase so
red at as early bear the sight Won, and asztlesealeg,
as ass of his sereaste going to call Alms, he foetid kin out
et bed as th. flee quits deal. Few spartems• woe more
videadvely karma sad appreciated in Cheshire Does yens
sir then Sir Ham, who hope up kis sundae at Noose fa
• first-rate style, sod who was always • leading sea Is
every Leed maw For many years mat be has bees re-
Wig • foist srasuor with his daughters in the village of
Mangey, where they have endeared themselves to lb. Mart
of every fulmhineett, and the lose of their old friend, Mr
Harry, ores assent • void that caned be tilled, bis loot being
deeply deplored b everyone who had the Often. of kis
acquaintance. As • father, • good miehlx.ur ever ready to
do a good turn for Gaya., none could have been worse @pared
than the good cad air Harry.—lbat.
_ _

Mr. J. BAOSMAW, EE..n.r., IN Tilt INSOLVENT
Conan.—pa the sitdag of the County Court at Chelmsford,
en Tardily, Mr. J. &phew, the late member for Wiry oh,
man up from the Bassi gaol se • prisoner for debt, on hie
petition to be discharged. Tbe cam la • singular one. Mr.
Digits. lost shoat 30,0001. is the sprculetion of buntline a
sew town at Dovermart, and was compelled to resign his
mat and go Into the Benkroptcy Court. He passed the
mart, sad It WOO considered that so far his attain were
1111411/111. Men the bankruptcy, however, $ Mr. Bolted
het nest him ter mine matters in ominezion with • public
enspasy, sad et the Wel it was decided 11 the court that
then wee we came et mike. Thus the matter stood till
attar the baskrapory ma disposed of, when the plaintiff
wigged to the mart ahem es the point of law aid the
termer Melaka beteg irree-rehd the verdict wee intend is
his limmer ; MIME' It no a de be that had amend at die
time et as lisahrmem, Kr. Bagettaw wee arrested and rest
to pbaa, aid lii hie echrdel., as an ineolvest abler.
Camel wsttselled to omen him, and spelled ter ea
jeuemataen Me inesnd et the accidental Ammo et •
Mims. Mill kelp mil be omit tot keep Mr. Berem is
mei es user a sionnis meatually he admitted Ma to
tedi.

following visitors also arrived el the Castle :—The
Preach Ambrosio" and Coontess de Perslgny, the Manua
it Roster sad Lady Mary Cecil, the KM sad Lady'Con-
mime Grorreacr, Lord sad Lady John Ruses% the Right
Hos. apnea sad Mrs. Walpole, Major-General Bir Harry
Jams, sad MaJce-Gesoral Wylds.
In eludes to the visitors who arrived in the afternoon,
her Kalesty's &law parry included the Prieto of Wales sad
Primes Allem. Visconot Sydney, Major-Gourd the Has.
H. Bran, *Mr Janes Clark, and Captain Grey.
The bead of the lit Lde Guards played during diem :
" Mamba " ..........
Sane et Alr, Jedttb
ilyebser lilabott
Peataisha. " Illadvertr de
Dome do Taper Sam delter. •
Her Majesty's privets bowl prised is the drawing-
MOM :

Onrbra. " Ciataater • ... Pays.
Bees aqd An s. " is is ''''''''' Aabst.
Chew sad 14144% " wow. Tow ResstaL
Balms de la Tram

The Chien, erttlt the Petters Alb% walked fa the grounds
al lie Castle Me variesiag.

The Priam Corset west out shooting, amoinpanied by
the Prime of Wm, the Duke of Casahridge, the Marquis
of Exeter, Earl Grosvenor, and Viscount Sydney. la attm-
dance were Major-General the Has. 8.. Brum, Liamearat-
Colonel F. Cavendish, Colonel F. H. Seymour, sad
nant-Colosed Ponseaby.
Viecommes Jocelyn has ameeeded the Marohkesee
Sly as Lady to Welting to her Majesty.

• depalatket from the flowwwora of the Cluworhoune bad
ea intreview with eir George C. Lewis yeetrrday, at the
Honw-wilkw, as
the Nubian of the proposed new market in
SmithliekL The depntation occeleied of the Venerable the
)(wee of the Charter-boom, Archdeacon Selo, the Regis-
trar, Kr. A. Knightly, and the Architect, Mr. P. Hardwick.
Sir Timer Fremantle, Address of the Comptinne, bed an
interview with the Chancellor of the Rzokageor yesterday at
hie Aloha voidance la Downharatrost.

• deputation rosperang the—propossd aellaity at Clayton
bad an interview yalsrdsy with the Hans Bsoreniry of
than. The do unties woe faraneed by 11r. C. S. Bathe,
M.P., end aoneietd alb. kaphol, Bair. T. Geodalld, Mr.
Canon (on yea of the aleasewerdins and Lord of the
Mawr), Mr. Bata, Mr. Garen, Mr. Basil, Mr. Moods,
Dr. Quist* Mr. Barter, Mr. Tunas (distrait' of the Board
of Guardians), Mr. Humphreys (chairman of the Board of
Works), Mr. Lucas, Mr. end Mr. Hooter.
_ _

Sir d. C. Learn left town yeeterdayfOrWlndeor.Ceatle.
Deepatohee from the Governor of Newfoundland were re-
°deed yeeteeday at the Colonial-odloe. Dupla. weremed
le the Goeerirr al Canada.

Their Royal Highnesses the Duchess of Cam-
bridge sad the Primers Katy are staying at Ashrbidge
Park, on a visit to Lady Marisa Alford. A mite circle of
the aristocracy has been invited to meet their royal high-
nesses.

The Doke of Richmond left town on Tuesday to
joie the duchess and Wally, who are posing the season at
Goodwood.

The Earl ()resents, as Lord President of the
Council and leader of the malaria party in the House of
Lords, will give a parliamentary beeriest ea Monday next,
the 23rd inst., at his maiden°, in Brutoaatrest, to • large
circle of the Jading supporta., of the goarnment is the
Tipper Hoses.
The Earl of Hardwioke will eons to town on
Monday from Wlrepole Hall, Cambridgeshire. The countess
and family remain at Wimpole for the present

Lord and Lady Churchill have arrived at St.
Gooier Hotel.

Lord and Lady Rokeby and the Holt. Miss
Mostar* have left Hasalamed on a visit to Lady Marion
Liked, at Ashbrirly Park, near Berkhampateed.
The Hon. Orantley Berkeley has arrived at
Ferran**. Hotel, Belgravia.

Mr. Jones, of Pantglu, M.P., and Mrs. Jones
entertained at dinner yesterday his Excellency the Russian
Mirdeter and Baroness Brennow, the Lord Chancellor and
Baroness Stratheden, the Conte.. of Belmore and Lady
Flambee Cowry, Lord and Lady "BIWA, Lord and Lady
Tram, Lady Cecilia dee Veen:, the Hon. Sir Henry and
Lay Keating, the Han. Mr. Campbell Scarlott, SW Joha
sad Lady Kirkland, Sir Roderick Marchison, Mr. and Mn.
Omen, and Colonel Hamilton. Later in the evening ?drs
douse bed a twirls musicals, which was fashionably
attended.

The Worcester city and county ball took place on
Tuesday erasing. Owing. it is araposid, IP the gunman
of the notice, the attradnual was sot as large as on former
000atione, tract not being moss than 125 ladies mad gratis-
men present. The company Mended Bad Beauchamp,
Hon. F. Lygon, 111. P., Sir John Pakington, Beat, M.P.,
0.,3.13 , Mr. sad Lady Diana Pakingtos, Mr. Robert and
Lady Cathedra Baraley, Bit B. L. Lachance and Mies
Lachman, Coked Hall, &c.

Sir Charles Hastings, M.D., has been appointed •
deputy lieatessat et Worcestershire.

As great public interest has been expressed re-
specting the continuation of Lord Macaulay's " History of
England," and some misstatements have gone forth, we
(Toms) feel It desirable to announce, on the best authority,
that soma progress had been made by Lord Matattlay
towards the completion of soother volume, sad that a portion
of the MS. Is fully prepared for publication. Cirontastaacos,
however, will probably delay for some tints ths sppearanos of
any further portion of the history.
It is understood that the address in the 'Rouse of
Commons, In reply to bee Majesty's speech, will be moved
by Mr. 81. Mbyte, M.P. fur West Cornwall, and seconded
by Lord Healey, Y.P. for Northampton.
The funeral of the late Lord Londesborongh will
tam place on Toseday next, at Kirby (Grimeton), near his
lordship's seat. Ties lying in sesta will be on Sunday and
Monday.

On Twaday night Professor Lyon Playfair de-
livered the arse of four lectures on " Abstract Science in
relation to Industrial Applications," before the members of
the Philosophical Institution, Edinburgh. Queen-street Hall
was crowded in every part, and numbers were unable to
obtain even standing room.

Mr. and Mrs. Charles Kean are now fulfilling an
engagement of six nights at the Queen's Theatre, Hull.
The Severn has overfl3wed its hanks, and the
meadows from. Tewkesbury to Gloucester are flooded. On
Saturday evening the oocuttry presented the appearance of
a see.

The Ordine and Mediterraneo, Maltese journal.,
are very indignant si the alleged ill-conduct of some
leglielt slum is the cathedral at Citta Vecchia, on lest
Christmas Bes. Ov santemporaries assert that, if it had
tot ham for tea lecherous of the bishop and his clergy,
serious seasemmeme might hays resulted. According to
them papers, the Wasp wee obliged to shorten the service,
sad the indignation of the people, who, as is usual on these
accesions, wen samablid In the cathedral in great numbers,
is said to bow be so great that a tumult was narrowly
avoided. It is father stated that the bishop made a formal
report to the governor against one of the ahem who was
I most onspitmoue Y this sitar.

A letter from Venice, in the Atifsburg Gazette,
states diet *emotions have been made under the pewit of
the Meech of &fat Mark, in order to seek for the treasure
preimoded to have been buried them by the Doge Marino
!sham These weeerehse have been without result; all
that has been found are some old Wm mad a number of rata'
nests.

Some of the German journals announoe seriously
that a company of English capitalists have maths an applica-
tion to the King of Naples for a cosmos's* be the extinction
of Are.ilYl66. The principal seat of the Are of that volcano is
situated several thousand feet below the level either& By
out a react which would carry the water tato the seater,
the Are would he completely extlogniabsd, and the apsratioa,
which would only coat two millions of trains, would rash=
to cultivation land of tell Ulnas that vain&

The Assembly of Commerce of Berlin, which is a
sort of curer of the representatives of the Chambers of
Commerce and of Commercial Corporation, of Prue's, is to
meet os the 20th February. Delegates from is many as
twisty-seven towns will attend, sad will ccurranaloste to the
government and the chambers ell the objections commerce
has to large against the customs tariffs or commemial laws.
The government of Electoral Hew hu just pub-
lished a notification which bu excited • certain degree of
eaustion ; it recommends its subject, to invest their capital
in Bavarian and Austrian stock, or in the shares of the Co-'
logos to Minden Railway, but to take "the hest presible
of Premien stock ! The goverment dess. ma amiss erg
reuse fur its taenesssaa•Nea,
. .

JANUAR

_IELLIGIIINVI, •
ANNEXATION.
" says the Nerd of to-day,
accounts we have received from that
city and from Milan, for some time past, with regard
to the state of public feeling. The resignation of the
Ratazzi cabinet is the result of the resignation
of Count Walewski ; and the recall of Count
Omni to the head of affairs constitutes
the triumph of the policy of annexation. It
is probable that the courts of Pada and London
have been acquainted with the intentions of the
King of Sardinia, and that the most complete agree-
ment exists between the three Powers. Whatever
Rome may do, whatever the chiefs of the old
parties may attempt in order to turn the
situation to their own profit, France will not g.
back. It is not astonishing that its petition
should be at an end. It has waited ten years.
Meanwhile Russia and Prussia do not regard
the congress as definitively abandoned. France
and England do not pretend to regulate
alone a question which affects international law ;
but they have thought that a difficulty overcome h
better than a difficulty to be overcome. This is why
they have arrived at &previous understanding widish
is, as everything shows, only the preliminary to an
understanding with the great Northern Powers."

SHE EXPRESS, THURSDAY , ~ ti G
.
40/ 1.- ,
dy, if anybody, thinks Veil of 08014 . eft lgirrrnsit '-1
Z INT:
hands some confide{ est anotiemeiks
ita --4,—. II kill ......
Ido not underdog their ', ...,..
umber of them bevies never= WININIOA.CiiNfLE, Jalc.lll,
•-• ' ANNEX.
a art and the phenomena of mane, ThiV -Doke of Oembridi -m ' atillamd by "II" " TIM events at Turin"
Tynridtt, arrived yesterday aftersovaon a visit to ber ~
sal men are not inspected, or in say meisety. confirm the accounts we
Again, the lymph is bad, we are tell; The mewing away. slap arrival aa the caws „The city and from Milan, for se