The Express.
London, England, 1860-09-01 00:00:00

THE EXPRESS, SATURDAY EV*ENG, SEPTEMBER I,IBSO.

bitted pretty freely. The railway mania in France'
has nearly subsided, because the wealth and in-
dustry of that country have been so freely em-
ployed that there are scarcely any main lines to be
constructed in France with a fair prospect of re•
niuneration. Only the branch lines in that country
remain to be executed. Speculators, capitalists, end
men of industrial scienceturntheir attention accord-
ingly to Spain. Into Spanish enterprise there may
come also the English skill and the English capital
that have found their way into French undertakings.
Associations of credit are also formed in Madrid
and elsewhere in Spain on the French model. Thus
there have been recently established the Spanish
Mobilier, the Spanish Mercantile and Indus-
trial Society, the Barcelonese SocieStoi Mobiliere, and
several others. We believe we are strictly accu-
rate in stating that none of these societies data
from before the year 1856. It cannot, therefore, be
disputed that the last ten years have greatly in-
creased the wealth and substance of the Spanish
peninsula.

- Yet Spain is geographically ill-placed to take a
leading part in the affairs of Europe, unless she
were again a great maritime power. Thrust, as
it were, into an extrame corner of the Con-
tinent, there are but wo eta tee, France and
Portugal, on which her territories border.
Political prominence arises from the fact of
being able to make war decisively, as much
as from commercial wealth. Without the com-
mand of the sea, Spain would have her choice
in war between attacking one Power with
which the could not maintain the con-
test, and attacking another from victory
over which she could gain no prestige.
Her dreary and ill-conducted hostilities with Mo-
rocco show how little she is to be feared by any
competent antagonist in war. Spain, convinced
of the truth of these viesic, has lately attempted
to build herself a new navy. In this scheme the
ruler of France takes an interest naturally result-
ing from the prospect that a Power which may
never be strong enough by sea to be independent,
may yet haw ships enough some ten years hence to
be a useful maritime auxiliary. If the facts which
we have just quoted possess any meaning at all,
they justify an expectation that Spain will return
to a position of some little importance in Europe ;
but artificially to constitute her a Great Power
now, would be to declare a fact which does not
exist, and to make a declaration that would carry
no significance. Its only possible result would be
to give Lotus Naroizots an additional vote in any
Congress of the Great Powers in which questions
at issue might be consigned to the decision of a
numerical majority. The generous patron will
probably be satisfied if, in this instance, the din
inte.eated client is content to take the will for
the deed.

CDe Court.

BALMORAL, Amon 30.

Her Majesty rode in the neighbourhood of the
Castle yesterday afternoon, accompanied by the Prisms of
Leiningen, Princess Alice, and Princess Helena.
The Prince of Leiningeu went out shooting.
The Right Hoc. Midney Herbert left the Castle in the
morning.
The Duke of Aron arrived at the Castle.

The Bishop of Durham arrived at the Castle for the par-
pone of doing homage to her Majesty oa his appointment
to the Mee of Durham, on which occasion the usual oath
woo administered by Lord. John Russell, one of her
Najogty's Secretaries of State.

_ .
Lori aad Lady John Russell Lad the honour of being
invit...l to dinner. The party also included the Bishop of
Durh..iii and Sir JIL01(1.1 Clark.

The Chancellor of the Exchequer and MN. Gladstone
Late left HAMM nieu elude for Penmsentnaur, North Wales.

Despatches for the Lord High rommissionvr of the lonian
Islands and (tethe Governors of Canada owl thu Bahamas
were sent yesterday from the ColonieLoffice.

The Lerant IPrabi (Conntantinnple) of the 22nd
alt ssyn.:—"Lord Dafferin, British Commissioner to

Syria, liras ad here ow Sunday by the Marseilles steamer,
and at face proceetkll in lase of the Gannet's boats to
Tberapia, where his lordship is now staying as the guest of
the ambassador."

The Duku of Somerset, Rear-Admiral the Hon.
F. T. Pelham, C. 8., Captain Charles Eden. C. 11., and Mr.
Whitbrisi, M.P., left Whitehall on Thurvdiky (says the
United Srn•ln Gaultr) for Holyhead, where the Osborne
WWI awaiting their ari ival to convey them to Kingstown,
Dublin. It is probable the member, of the bran] will avail
themselves of an invitation to visit the l.onl•l.ieutenant.
After leaving Dublin they are to go to Cork by rail, and re-
emlcirking on board the Osborne will proceed to Perribroko,
and from thence return to town, prior to making a tour of
the other naval ports. The members sow at Whitehall are
Sir Richard Dundee and Captain Prederick, with Mr. Ro-
maine. Lord Clarence Paget is absent on leave.
A fine bronze modal, commemorative of the visit
to Camels soil the Maga:slim of the Victoria Bridge by the
Prince of Wales, has been struck from the dies of Mr. Joseph
Wpm. Mr. D. M. Wyatt has supplied • design for the
inverse, convisting of the Prince of Walov's plume of fea-
thers, with the crown and motto, enveloped iu a triumphal
arch of scrolls and flowers.

A portrait of Hobbes, of Malmesbury, has been
recently added to the National Portrait Gallery, together
with a portrait of Dunning, Lard Ashburton, by Reynolds—
the latter presented by Mr. Thomas Miring, M.P.
The FrP,ntan'A Journal states, 1%.9 a general
rumour, that either Mr. Francis William Brady, or Mr.
Andres, chairman of the Fist Rabe( of Cork, is booked
for the Mastership in Chancery (3,000(. Irak currency per
annum), vacated by Mr. Acheson Lyle, Lonl-Lieutenant
Londonderry. Mr. Brady is sou of the chancellor, and twice
waisted the city, in the hope of oustiug oue of tho "Dub-
lin six."

A number of the new clam 40-pounder Armstrong
gum, the whole of which have been manufactured et Ha-
wn* mad forwarded to Woolwich for proof, hare been fired
at the Royal Arsenal butt during the week. Two of the
pwa pro►ed yesterday with en ordinary charge of powder
sad abet, by an accidental wearier of the inner screw,
bunt at the breech, and two others of the mine clue,
subject to a like unaccountable weakness, gave way in •
similar manse. The guns were Bred by electricity, the
operating wire being mewed Mama a bomb-proof shed
for the protection of the gunners. The breech pion of
each gun was projected to • considerable distance from the
butt, and after • lengthened march they were rewid
ins-
bedded in the Arsenal ditch.

On Monday the All England meet twenty-two
of Ireland at Dublin ; and on Thursday twenty of the North
of Ireland and Gronixl (with twu bowlers given) at Belfast.
The United here their work cut out on this side of the
Channel, mains* twenty of Bradford, at Bradford, and
eighteen county of Durham men (with four professionals)
at Bishop Auckland.

The regattas for next week are Al follows :
Limehoute Landsmen, Worcester, Apprentices,
and Londoe Unity Club (four oars, Putney to Flames), on
11.445 Y ; Deal and Weimer, on Wednesday ;
haiumu, and Dover and Cinque Ports, on Thursday;
West Loudon Howie( nob, on Friday and Saturday ; and
London Printers' Regatta, Millbask, on Saturday.
The Royal English Opera, Coront-garden, will

. .
commence its third lowan, uuder the management of Miss
Loma& Ityas and Mr. W. Harrison, on Monday. October 2.
The real Hiondin, the tight-rope dancer, has
narrowly escaped death. He was creasing • tightrope in
°bloater desk. wheeling • harrow, sad encircled with a
lies of Rrewurke--douhtlem is Jeslouu imitation of the
lete splendid meteor. Hates he had rwiched the middle of
Lis aerial route one of the pieces exploded, and set fire to
his clutloun. There was no time to kilt and extinguish the
flames. awl the modern I•haeton could only keep en het
course. and suffer the turtivre of beim; slowly blistered.
ith Lenao self-control hr pilled the mod of his journey
and succeeded is smothering the its, but out until he was
sadly burnt.

LATEST INTELLIGENCE.
NAPLIB AND SICILY.

There is a lull in the news from Naples. The
military pronunciamento which was to have taken

place on August 29, appears to have been post-
poned for want of sufficient understanding among
the generals concerned in it. Garibaldi has
mysteriously disappeared from the Calabriss for an
unknown destination.
It is announced that Baron Brenier has ob-
tained from the Neapolitans all the satisfaction
that he demanded, but it is not stated in what
that satisfaction consists.

It appears that the Neapolitan government, by
way of compliance with the Marquis de Villa-
marina's demands for satisfaction for the attack
upon the beraeglieri by some of the King's riflemen,
has brought the guilty parties to a court martial,
and paid a sum of 20,000 fr., which the Marquis de
Villamarina has distributed among the families of
the five soldiers who were killed in the tumult.

The death of Lieut. De Flotte is unfortunately
confirmed. A ball went through his head while
he was charging the royalists at the head of a party
of fifty men, half English and half French. He is
a sad loss to Garibaldi, for he was an accomplished
naval officer, and quite competent to have taken
the command of a fleet. Garibaldi mentioned hie
heroic conduct in a general order of the day,
and had him interred in the church of Solano.

The French legitimist journal, the Union, says
that all is not yet lost at Naples, for that Francis
11. may yet mount on horseback and conquer or
die ; and it earnestly advises him to show to Europe
the heart-stirring spectacle of a king dying on the
field of battle. Upon this the Patric drily remarks,
"There is doubtless much generosity in these
counsels, but will they be listened to at Naples
Thu Umi4m it a long way off, and Garibaldi is very
near."

It appears from a Messina letter of August 26, in
the Patric, that the French ship fired upon by
Garibaldi's batteries was not, u stated by a Mar-
seilles journal, employed in carrying Neapolitan
troops, but was a vessel of war mistaken, moat un-
fortunately, for a Neapolitan one. The circum-
stance is thus related :

On August 22, • large Neapolitan screw frigate of fifty.
six guns entered the Straits, took up a position in front of
the F..m batteries, and exchanged with them •
violent cannonade which lasted for half an hour.
A few minutes later a French screw steamer came
into the straits, and was received with cannon
balls by the Faro. It was not till after the eighteenth
shot that the mistake was found out. The next day the
French vessel Prouy made Its appearance at Messina, and
• demand for satisfaction was at once sent to the com-
mandant of Messina and the Faro. At noon the Prouy
was reinforced by the Descartes, and both vessels prepared
to act in awe of • renewal of the untoward incident. But
General Tan lost no time in writing to our consul, M.
Bonlard, to express his deep regret for the mistake. Be-
sides that in the midst of the smoke it was impossible to
distinguish the flag, the Garibaldians had acted unde r
the impulse of the indignation caused by the treacherous
conduct of the Neapolitan frigate, which came up to its
position under French colours, and then, when it had
thoroughly reconnoitred the batteries, fired two murderous
teriadsiiles upon them before hoisting their own. Without
urging this as a sufficient excuse, General Ture offered the
most ample satisfaction. The Deecartee left Messina on
Sunday morning, but was replaced by the Imperial, which
remains there with the Prouy.

GENOA, Auuuii 31.

According to advices from Iteggio, a report was
current that General Briganti (the royalist com-
mander) had been shot at Monteleone by the sol-
diers of his own regiment.
It is stated that Garibaldi entered Monteleone on
the 27th inst., and that he bad succeeded in trans-
porting his whole army to the mainland.

THE FRENCH GOVERNMENT AND THE
MOVEMENT AT NAPLES.

The Moititeur of to-day says The inquiry insti-
tuted at Naples not having succeeded in discovering
the individuals guilty of the assault upon the
French ambassador, the Duke of Canajello has
been sent to Paris to express officially to the Em-
peror the profound regret of the King of the Two
Sicilios on account of that event."

Thu same journal contains the following :
" Prince Murat has published • letter disavow-
ing those who would in his name excite troubles at
Naples. The government of the Emperor can only
applaud this declaration, but the hope which the
prince expresses in that letter of being one day ablo
to go to Naples with the consent and support of
France is too much opposed to the wishes of the
Emperor to allow each a supposition to pass with-
out au official disavowaL"

and on the sand day 110 of the Turkiih soldieriwho
took podia the massacre of Haahbyia,mad helped the
Drums in their work of blood, were shot. All these
miserable culprits were only condemned after a
long and patient trial, and have richly deserved
their fate. The Moslems here are aghast. To execute
true believers for the murder of mere dogs of Chris-
tians is to them what to us the hanging of men for
destroying so much vermin would be. They say the
world must be coming to an end. But they are oowed,
and dare not move hand or foot. There is no doubt,
however, that were it not for the presence of the
French force in Syria, Fuad Pacha dared not, even
if he had the will, have carried out these sentences,
or, if he had done eo, the whole Moslem population,
both at Damascus and in Aleppo, would have risen.
In Beyrout the presence of the men-of-
war will keep them quiet, but in the in-
terior it would have been very different. We
may, however, safely predict that if Fuad continues
to act with the same vigour as he has commenced
with, he will not only save the Turkish empire,
but will place these provinces on such a footing
that future fanatical outbreaks will be impossible.
He is giving the Moslems the first lesson they
ever bad, and it is far better that this lesson
should be from another Moslem than from a
stranger.
There is no mention whatever made of any ad-
vance into the interior by the French troops. They
have, it is true, made contracts with muleteers., but
only that in the event of their having to move
they may not have to look for baggage cattle at the
eleventh hour. General D'Hantpoul gives out
that he does not expect to be more than six months
here, nor to move from Beyrout, unless it be to
help the Turks to punish the Druses, whose turn
is yet to come.
When mentioning the advent of the French
troops here, I forgot to say that there is quite
a new feature in the organisation of the force,
namely, their being accompanied openly and
avowedly by two "special correspondents" for the
press, one of these gentlemen being sent out by the
Prase, and the other by the Gazette de France.
This is something until now unheard of in the
annals of French warfare.

I observe by the English papers that as regards
the occupation of Syria the land forces are to be
sent by France and the ships by England. But
the latter will some three mouths hence be equi-
valent to nothing, for no ships of any size can re-
main in the Beyront roads during the winter, so
that we virtually shall have left the whole occupa-
tion to the French so soon as the summer months
are over.

THE PENINSULAR MAILS.
SOUTHAMPTON, SAMMY.

The Peninsular and Oriental Company's steamer
Tagus, Captain Vail, with the above mails, has
arrived. She left Lisbon on the 27th ult., and
brings 30 passengers, 4,285/. in specie, and 1,150
packages of general cargo.
On the 21st she spoke the Masillo, on the 27th
the Una.

Captain Callow, the chief officer, and two en-
gineers of the steamer Ganges, which foundered at
sea, on the 29th July, have arrived from Lisbor.
The remainder of the crew were left at Tenerife in
charge of the Consul, by whom they would be sent
home.

Lisbon Exchangee—On London, at 3 months,
541 ; on Paris, 5.26 ; on Hamburg, 48 ; on Am-
sterdam, 421 ;on Genoa, 5.26. Rental, Three per
Cents., 471 ; Coupons, 443,i ; Deferred, 341 ; Lis-
bon Bank, 535 milreis ; Oporto Bank, 260 ruilreis ;
Mercantile Bank, 261 milreis.

THE CALCUTTA AND CHINA MAILS.
13OUTHAMPTON, SArt:RDAT.

The Peninsular and Oriental Company's steamer
Ripon, Captain Christian, with the heavy portion of the
above mail, ham arrived here.
She had ninety-seven renewers, of whom Major-General
Sickyer, C. 8., Doctor Kelart, and the wife and child of
Captain Rennie, died at sea.
Her eargo includes raw silk valued at upwards of
100,0001., and precious atones of the value of 2,300 nip's...
She spoke the Indus, the Valetta, her Majesty's ship
Orion, brig Sussex Maid, barque Jane Thurston, barque
Arabian, schooner Rapid, and steamer &nine.
The Pere left Gibraltar on the '26th ult., for the Feat.
Exchange on London at Gibraltar was quoted 501
; on Paris, Mr. 32c ; on Marseilles and Genoa, bfr. Etc. ;
on Cadiz, Malaga, and Valencia, at par. Spanish pillared
dollar", 3 per cent. premium. Freights to London and out-
ports in the United Kingdom, 12 dollars per ton and 10 per
cent. ; Malta, Leghorn, Genoa, and Marseilles 4 dollars to
5 dollar per ton and 5 per seat.

EXPRESS FROM PARIS.

(room oca ow

PARIS, FRIDAY ENT.NINO.

In connexion with the news I sent yesterday of
an additional French brigade having been ordered
to Rome, I think it material to notice the following
passage in the Marquis de Larochejaquelin's speech
to the Council General of the Two Sevres :
While I am speaking to you fresh battalions are going out
to our army of occupation in Rome, there to join those
whose noble minion it is to defend the heed of catholicism
and the holy city. An army is being orpnised for the de-
fence of the Roman States, and Frame approves, and is
about to aid, its efforts.

I believe that the notorious legitimist renegade
—now a senator—went beyond his oommission in
saying that France was about to defend the " Ro-
man States." Battier's Correspondence of this even-
ing, while announcing that two regiments are about
to reinforce the garrison of Rome, adds that M.
do Gramont is said to have informed the Pope
that the Emperor proposes to defend Rome and
Civita Vecchia only. The intervention of France,
even thus confined, will, I am afraid, in any case
effectually prevent the unity of Italy ; and, unless
the Emperor's designs shall be checked, may very
probably be fatal to her liberty. But, at all events,
it is a present satisfaction to think that M. Henri
de Laruchejaqueliu has no warrant for his insinua-
tion that the Emperor makes wmaion cause with
General de Lamoricibre.

There iv uo truth in tho report that the Pope
has adhered to the principle of au Italian con-
federation.

A Lyons journal affirms that the Imperial Prinoe
will come to that city to meet his father and mother
on their return to Paris.

The Bourse, iu the absence of any decisive news,
was tolerably firm, and a alight advance on yes-
terday's prices was realised. The Rente rose tic.
for cash and 10c. for account, closing at 08fr. 15c.
in each case. Mobilier rose ar. 50c. The railways
were from lfr. 25c. to 2fr. 50e. higher. •
The government organs are instructed to deny
the truth of a report that the Emperor had required
Switzerland to send a deputation to pay him a
complimentary visit as he passed through Thouou,
on the Swiss frontier. Such a demand they say
would not be in accordance with diplomatic usage ;
but they proceed to express an expectation that
the federal government will not in point of fact fail
to send the deputation.

September 12 is defiuitively fixed u the day of
the inauguration on the heights of the Puy de

Dome of a colossal statue of the Virgin cast from the
cannon taken at Sebastopol. There will doubtless
be an extraordinary gathering of people from many
parts of France to witness the ceremony. The
bishop of the diocese, Mgr. Morlbon, in a pastoral
letter inviting his clergy to attend, says :

This colossal statue will remind future centuries that 011
September 5, the Emperor promised to Mary the cannons
of Sebastopol, and that on September 8 Mary opened the
gates of Sebastopol to the Emperor's soldiers. May th
happy alliance between heaven and earth, between religion
and authority, be drawn closer every day, and as religion
has nothing more at heart than to support authority, so
may authority ever seek its true stability in the maintenance
of religion.

SARDINIA.

(ram ous OWN counronivre.)
TURIN, Aucusr 28.

AA Signor Mazzini has lived many years in Eng-
land, where he has made many acquaintances, it is
probable that some one or other of them has sent
you the manifesto, if I may so call it, which be
has published in the Unita Italiana of Genoa,
whence it was extracted and refuted by the Opiniese
of Turin. But the latter journal, looking merely at
the general political question, has not contradicted
all the circumstantial errors which occur iu Mazzini's
statement. One of these is the accusation he makes
against Carlo Poerio of having taken part in the
electoral committees of Naples (since such an act
would be a concession to the Bourbon), and of
having favoured the Neapolitan autonomy, and of
being adverse to the national idea of unity. Now
the truth is, that Baron Poerio has been consist-
ently faithful to the programme he laid down
in his speeches in our parliament here, of
which you gave the text in the E.cpress.
He has made no concession to the Bourbon,
has taken no part in the electoral committees, but
has remained here at Turin, acknowledging Victor
Emmanuel for his king, and united Italy for his
country. There is accordingly no foundation for
the charge brought against the baron by Signor
Mazzini, who himself has suffered for the Italian
cause nothing more than exile, sweetened by a
sense of personal security, in England, whereas
Poerio has three times been a prisoner (once, in-
deed, for nine years) in the Neapolitan dungeons,
and twice an exile.

Volunteers continue to depart front Genoa, but
as travellers proceeding to Malta. Their ultimate
destination, it may well be guessed, will be Gari-
baldi's head-quarters. The government haa opposed
these collective departures patronised by Masni,
because they introduce a fatal armed dualism into
the Italian movement.

The situation of our ministry has been improved
of late, and we shall know to-night from Farini,
who is expected back from his visit to Chambery,
whether the Emperor means to defend the Pope
outside the bounds of Rome. When we know that,
General Lamoricikre may probably have some
serious occupation on his hands before long.

Among the many personages coming here incog-
nito within the last few days there has been Gene-
ral Nuuziante, who has had some important con-
versations widi one or more of our statesmen, but
'he must now be back again at Naples. He says
that there was formerly a certain amount of dis-
content in the kingdom of Naples, but never any
clear conception of what it was the people wanted.
It had hitherto been impossible to perceive behind
any revolutionary momment anything else than
anarchy, which every good citizen ought to set his
face against ; and for this reason, he had supported
the government, advising it, but in vain, to act
more rationally and render itself moo tolerable.
But now that he sees neither the triumph of the
foreigner nor anarchy resulting from the fall of
the Bourbon government—now that he sees instead
of that the monarchical and national princ;ples
clearly defined, he intends, like a man who loves
order and the permanent welfare of his country, to do
his best towards bringing about the overthrow of
the Bourbon dynasty ; now that he known what is
to be substituted fur it, and eau look forward not to
a dreadful unknown future, but to the realisation
of a clear and practicable scheme, he says that he
will join most readily with the people of Naples,
and with the whole nation, in the cry of " Italy
and Victor Emmanuel !"
Meanwhile here are various Neapolitan officers,
who, having thrown up their commissions in the
army of Francis 11., have been admitted into the
Piedmonteee army. They are notdeierters, and there-
fore this transaction is perfectly regular, nor can our
own officers take offence at it. If it were not a case
of desertion eit masse, I think deserters would not
be favourably regarded by our own Miners ; but this
is not a case of the individual act of desertion, but
it is the spirit of political revolution, unanimously
felt throughout the land, that has induced these
gentlemen to quit a service in which they could no
longer serve with honour.
I have just received a copy of the letter sent by
the Count of Syracuse to his nephew the King of
Naples three days ego. I look upon its contents
as very important indeed. It is destined, I should
think, to make a great sensation iu Europe; but I
do not know whether it will be attended to in the
reigning quarter, or whether it will awake the
people of the Neapolitan capital from their
lethargy. The people of the provinces have already
shaken off their slumbers without the stimulus of
a leter—but here it is :