The Express.
London, England, 1856-02-05 00:00:00

SWEDEN.

(ST ZIACT/LIC
STOCKHOLM, MONDAY ZVINING.
TIN King's Chamberlain, Count Charles Bjoniat-
jerna has goes to London to invest Priooe Albert
with the Gaspbin Order.

EXPRESS FROM PARIS.

(71011 OVI OWN

PARIS, MosaAT Smarm.

Speculation at the Bonnie has been calm, and,
owing principally (as it is supposed) to the realisa-
tion of profits after the late great time, sales were
predominant during great part of the day. The
latest quotations, however, were very firm. The
Rent. closed for cash at 72fr. 20c., with a rise of
30a, and for account at 72fr. 90c., with a fall of 20e.
Credit Mebilier fell 20fr. The railway market was
very fioctuating, but most of the lines improved at
last upon the lowest quotations of the day.
There was, however, a considerable ultimate fall
in some lines. Lyons and Mediterranean fell 201 r.,
OtlllllBll and Lyons 10fr. eauh, and Northern 6fr.
Wester' end Eastern rose 10fr. sack, Lyons and
Geneva 16fr., and tit. 'lambert and Grenoble 20fr.
Austrians improved slightly.
The Phan de la Manche of Cherbourg states that
tha news of approaching peace has not caused any
relaxation in the works in that port. All the opera-
tions which had been previously ordered in the dodo
yard are being urged on with the greatest activity.
We read in the weekly commercial review of the
Pram:

An extraordinary movemeat la going on is tha merchant
navy. FabllB Meads& is now beat upon oar marina
Medi. Frame is at length about to assume the rank t►at
belongs to her upon the sea. Compsales are fanning to
undertake long voyages, sad to establish regular services
with all mists of the globe. Failatiag companies of long
standing are taking awrss to extend their emasetioas.
For Matinee, the house el J. T. Barbey and Co. Is
moreasing its bushier every day. This fins now
works the South Ika Uses (including Chill sad Pere),
and those of New Grenade, India, and other prolostim
coantriee. Frees the ls: of imam, lest it has undertakes
to despatch a clipper packet every twenty days alternately
for Valparaim and Lisa—that is to say, thirty-Az ships a
year, act to speak of the supplemental musk that may be
despatched in busy dams. All these vessels will sail punc-
tually en fixed days, einordiag to the Basilisk system; and
this will be an laimease advantage for the export nada,
shish will henceforth be relieved from the betel limes
often oceasieeed by the indeflaits lingering is port of the
shim to which they have penalised their merchandise.
_ _

The Archbishop of Pari; has Issued a curious pro-
elamation to the faithful of his diocese concerning
their duties during the ensuing Lent. He gives
them carte blanche not to fret more than they like,
for this very cogent reason, that he knows it would be
useless to exhort them to the contrary. In there de-
generate times, he says, abstinence is a mere barren
tradition in almost every house. The cherub, there-
fore, has infinite indulgence for its babes, and treats
them as mothers treat sink children. He will not
say that they may sot make use to the fall ex-
tent of the iodalgeses which the church grants them,
but if they do, it ought to be with them a subject
of regret, because it will argue the imitates of their
religious temperament. However, he gives them to
understand, that if they will not mortify the flesh in
the way which the immutable laws of the church
still require in principle, they meet, by way of set off
for their shortcoming, mortify the spirit. They must
consider the indulgence panted them as a commute- '
don rather than a dispensation. If they will come
into this bargain, and pray and give alms in propor-
tion to the bodily gratification they may think fit to
allow themselves, he math& that they shall thus
amuse treasure in Heaves, and that the multitude of
their charities shall cover the multitude of their
sins.

AUSTRALIA.

(nom ova

BIBLBOURNI, VICTORIA. Nov. 9.
The Legislative Council has stood prorogued for
several months; and although the day of its re-
Naomi:ding has been variously mentioned, it has for
some time been apparent that the Oovernor did not
intend to summon it for the despatch of business
until the arrival of the new constitution, concerning
which intelligence same to band two mouths back
that it might soaa be expected. The James Bible/
was the hewer of the precious document; end at
Leith the day has been named on which the council
is to meet, namely, the 23rd of the present month.
The new tionstitutioa will also, it is now understood,
be prookiased on that day, the 24th being the last
day to which the law allows the OOTIMICIT to poet-
pone the proclamation. The postponement of
the meeting of the Council to the latest
possible moment has become necemary, from
the sucesssioa of inexcusable delays in advancing
the elecdoss es the diggings. Writs, however, have
at length bees issued for the new electoral districts
on the gold fields, sad the days of election are fixed,
too as to allow the returns to come in in time for the
re-aseembling of the council. The approaching ses-
sion will witness the introdaction of responsible go-
vernment—one, certainly, of the most important fea-
tures in the new eseatitution.

The trade of Melbourne is at length manifesting
symptoms of increasing vitality and sonodnees The
late commercial crisis has had the effect of sweeping
away a great number of outsiders, small merchants,
who were called into existence as such by the excite-
meat consequent upon the diaoovery of gold, a time
when everybody became suddenly too rich to be a
servant, sad set up on his own account. The qua-
, tides of imported goods now reaching us are much
more commensorate with our requirements than
about twelve months ago, and at length a balance of
trade has been established in favour of the colony,
the imports for the present year being of the value
lof 8,306.7261, and the exports for the same period
10,366,3004 or no less than 2,049,3741. in f of
the colony. The deseead for goods of all deeerip-
doom for the various digging localities is setting in
with mmaideeable activity, and as Melbourne is the
storehouse aNd of the eolooy, of coarse seer.
°heats in the dty will reap the benefit therehone.
Tles only thing that appears 'Rosemary to the re.
establishment of the trade of Melbourne is that mer-
chants home and at home should exercise COMO= di..
oration ia their orders and shipments.
The prise of flour has risen 141. or 161. per ton of
2,00016 a., within the past fortnight, and may now be
quoted at 501. The last hareset of the three colonies
has long been exhausted, and we are now depsadent
I entirely for our supplies up= the Chaim ports. These
' supplies are understood to be very limited, and there.
fore higher prime may yet be expected. The har-
vest of the Australian grasp will not come in for full
six weeks; bet the abundance which is expected
from all three Weeks will doubtless eaves prime to
decline as rapidly as they have risen. It is competed
that in Victoria about double the breadth ever before
sows with grain :..der oaltivation this year, sad
that the harvestmill yield about ball eatnigh fee the
'apply of oar popaletlea. We have not Man as yet
to the dignity of agricultural statistics, bet I have
every reams to believe that the computation is accu-
rate. Should cultivation proceed in the same ratio
darieg the next two years we shall be crying out
egoism a slat in corn—a result by no mesas impro-
able.

The stockier meroheadieo is the city ere at leg*
ememeseng to rea low, sad is moot dessription at
geode pram are realised ea pod levels*, la dry
sad edt psis floe 'whelk ly so .seatovetekekt4
sad eseseaable gawk are is impremil domed. Boats
awl elan sellahis• kr the Nona have [tees mash b-
tpdrat for. sad Meeks its desevend sot * be is
beery se wit seticipated. lisp dotting is primp
Is exemption, OM market beim; supplied telly.
' The goveresesat of Vittoria hay* acquiesced I. s
proposel emeaatimr from the Obverts* or New
Booth Wales, that SU header modem-hese* be-
tween these two colonies shall be aboliohed,ead hefts.
kith kedge will be *Looted oaly oa the seaboard.

This sat has wiped away from the two leading solo-
nits the diagram of continuing a border policy so
destructive of traffic, and so far behind the spirit of
the age. The settlers on the Murray—the river
dividing the colonies—may now draw their supplies
either from Melbourne or Sydney, u beet suits them,
and peas and repass the boundary witi.out receiving
the polite attentions of • revenue officer.
The increased competition which now exists in
every department of business, and the diminished
gams of every profession, are doing the work of cola-
nisation—driving the people from the towns, in
which they have been congregated to a greater
extent than in any country in modern times,
into the interior. The present population of
the goldfields is said to be about 110,000, of which
number 100,000 are male adults, 20,000 females',
and from 20,000 to 30,000 children. Ot the men,
about 70,000 are diggers, end the remainder of ordi.
nary trading professions and avocations. The ace.
rage weekly yield of the whole of the field.
may be estimated at the present moment at from
40,000 to 50,000 oz., representing • yearly veins of
from 8,000,0001. to 10,000,0001.,a result which, whilst
it shows an improvement in the yield, still, when
divided among the vast number of the population
employed in raising it, represents gold digging as by
no means so prosperous and remunerative a profession
as it is supposed to be in England. The yield has
not fallen off so very considerably from the most
prosperous times, but double the number are required
to produce it. During the pest three months we have
i been threatened by a visitation of a quarte•crubing
mania, the excitement caused by the discovery of
auriferous veins in quartz reefs having showed every
symptom of causing a repetition of the rush from the
towns which auoceeded upon the first discovery of
gold. The colony of Victoria has been discovered to
be as rich in auriferous quartz reefs as in alluvial
diggings; and now that the first intemperate excite-
ment has somewhat abated, there is every reason foe
the belief that as much gold will be obtained from
them as has yet been obtained in the alluvial
diggings. Extensive and elaborate machinery has
been employed for the purpose of crushing the quartz,
and all kinds of expensive processes have been re.
sorted to to secure • perfect amalgamation of the pre-
cious metal, in the accomplishment of which result
KU the machinery employed has been found to be
defective. Machinery to crush the quartz is easily
enough obtainable, but most of that which has been
yet employed has allowed as much gold to escape u
has been collected. A vast amount of money has
been expended in mills and crushing apparatus, but
the old-fashioned Cornish stamping process is
proved to be as effectual as the most ex-
pensive and elaborate of them. In the amalga-
mating process they appear to be equally defective.
During the past week some persons who have been
experimenting with the object of facilitating the
amalgamating process by means of chemical agency
have announced their discovery of an alkaline sub-
stance, which they say is effectual in extracting the
major part, it not the whole, of the gold from the
quartz. Whether or not this will prove the required
article I cannot yet report, but it Is plain that there
is a fortune for any man who can discover any
method of making this process complete. With the
present defective contrivances as mach as from
10 to 12 ounces of gold are frequently ex•
trusted, and some of the mills are capable of crush-
ing about 14 tons per day. An auriferous vein
once struck upon, a fortune is certain. Quarts
operations require the employment of • large amount
of capital to ensure their success, for at one place a
reef may be seen considerably above the surface, and
within one hundred yards it might be at a depth of
one hundred feet, and so require considerable labour
to follow. The reefs are principally worked by com-
pastas of from eight to ten, who by a combination of
labour and capital are generally successful. The
science of mining is yet in its infancy in this colony,
and there can be no doubt that scientific skill could
be brought to bear most profitably. The shifting
character of the diggings population may be gathered
from the fact that at a new rush at Fiery Creek, near
to Ballarat, the population already reported to be
there exceeds 30,000, with all the appliances and
otinvenienoss of a township. A "rush" now-a-days
is not • mere soampering off of a lot of diggers,
helter-skelter, as formerly, bat a migration of store-
keepers also, and a supply of all the necessaries of
life, so that even a diggings rush is becoming a more
civilised affair than formerly. Within the put fort•
night, two immense nuggets have been discovered:
one at Maryborougb, 715 on. in weight, and the
other 711bs. The former contained nearly 200 on.
of quartz, and 627 on. 18 dwts. of gold, and is of the
value of 2,00 W. sterling. Other nuggets of about
4001. value were found in the same hole.

Ludwig Becker, the geologist, has published the
discovery of a specimen of native antimony, found in
a quarry near the city. The metal has been analysed,
and reported to be nearly pure.
The cry of " destitution which wu reified a short
while back, on account of the difficulty in obtaining
employment experienced by great numbers of our
population, has now altogether ceased, mainly in
otrasequence of the extensive migration which has
taken place to the various diggings. The groups of
unemployed persons, which a short time back were
to be seen about all the public places in the city, are
not now observed ; but the employment which those
have foand who have not proceeded to the diggings,
Is mainly unskilled labour. There are positively no
buildinp of any kind in progress at present, to afford
employment to skilled artisans, such as carpenters and
mamma, and there is every prospect that a demand,
should such spring up, which is very doubtful, will
draw a fall supply from parties now engaged in other
branches of labour and from unsuccessful diggers. I
could not, therefore, undertake the responsibility of
advising any additional quantity of skilled labour to
em to to this colony at present.
The inequality in the sexes, so much complained
of two years back, has been remedied, and no solitary
emigrant need now remain without a partner to share
his joys and sorrows. The supply of female servants
is fully equal to the demand, and the absurd rates
of wages which formerly prevailed have now become
reduced to from 141. to 304 per annum.
Steam communication continues to excite meek
attention, smoog our mercantile community espe-
cially. The colonial legislatures have evinced a
strong disposition to unite in subsidising an efficient
sod reliable line of steamers; and we all feel here
that unless steam communication be re-established

the interests of the most important of the British
colonies will continue to be macridord. The Chamber
of Commerce has reported favourably of the terms
proposed b the Peninsular and Oriental Company,
which, it Is understood, are much under the cost
contemplated by the colonies.
The digging, elections are creating very little ex-
oitemest, and the diggers are manifesting positively
no anxiety to embrace the privileges which steam
orators among them have so loudly demanded it
their name. It is probable that more than one of the
parties connected in the Eureka stockade business will
obtain seats ; and one of them, Lalor, for the appre-
hension of whom the government offered a reward of
6001, is a candidate, with every chance of rumen, for
&insist, the metropolitan goldfield.
R. IL Horne, the dramatist, and author of 't Orion,"
lately in the Gold Commission, is now engaged as
chief clerk to Mr. Mich* the popular barrister, and
as dramatin Grine to the Melbourne Herold.

The Idelbionnie gas works are near completion, and
the mein pipeeneuly all laid down. We shall have
gas is oar shops and streets within the next six
weeks. The principal streets in the city are, with
trifle' inteeptioas, paved throughout, and in their
general appearasos would *ampere favourably with
I streets of second-rate towns at home. Mod boots
have almost ceased to be required for the town.. The
moral candid= of the people is very satisfactory.
Notwithstanding the great reductions which have
been effected in our police force, the records of oar
police seam show a great reduction in criminal
offences. Gases of sticking up have become very wee
and the streets and suburbs of Melbourne msy now
be considered saute as in large towns in England.

Aesordlet to a letter from St. Domingo, the
Booster &stooges owed his escape, on the omasioe of his
lets aides* by the Doseinitte army, solely to the skill with
Waists be eenewaled himself Ma plantation near the field of
battle. Its left bottled hiss, es spoils to the vice r, his
lamest/it sad imperial mows, besides a great samba of nor
king, sad a variety of artillery material. Bemused to his
Si. territory, the Emperor has already shot three °peen&
Mllista," sad away others of a amemdary teak, oossood of
laying wood tbs defeat by worm