The Express.
London, England, 1859-11-08 00:00:00

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4,ONDOi. TUESDAY. ROT. 8.

Tax Board of Trade has exercised a sonod discre-
tion in appointing an °facial inqairy into the loss of
the Royal Charter. There are two questioas to be
solved :—How came the Royal Charter toper Holy-
liescP How did she get into Red Wharf Hay?
Bat there is also another question to be leaked:
How wu the Royal Charter constructed?

M►terials are not wanting for • reply to these
questions. The Royal CAorter pared by a harbour
of refuge on • dark and foggy autumn evening, in
the teeth of a rising gale. She kept hugging a
notoriously dangerous coast, • whirlwind on
her weather bow, and the indraught of the tide
jamming her closer and closer on • dead lee shore.
This ship, of nearly three thousand tons, was trust-
ing to her auxiliary ecrew engines of two hundred
horse-power. When she struck she crumpled up
amidships like cardboard, and parted in two places.
Adulteration is almost as much the law of commerce

now-a-days as competition; everything must be
sacrificed to speed and cheapness. The prises are
many, and the risks occasional only. The Royal
Charter was built for speed, and she made brilliant
runs and quick returns, bat she was not built for
strength, which is more expenai ve and less profitable.
'' Carrying on" strains a ship all to pieces in a very
taw years, but a very few years are enough
to pay for the cost of thin plates of cheap iron, and Gf
rivets which were never meant to stand the wear
and tear of thumping on jagged rocks. One of the
old-fashioned teak-built Indiums of fifty years ago
would have never dared to coast along • lee shore
in s hurricane ea a foggy night; she could have
had no auxiliary screw to trust to, and would have
given the Island of Anglesito as wide a berth as
possible; if, however, by any mischance she bad got
embayed and driven on the rocks, she would have
taken at least six hours to break up, and even then
the would have split into rafts.
The wreck of the Royal Charter is calculated to
put passengers (we dee% say owners) oat of conceit
with iron clippers, in /pito of their cheapness and
fast sailing, and it will probably mitigate their con-
fidence in an auxiliary screw. Whether in a hurri-
cane, which was in fact • cyclone, electrical dis-
turbance may have affected the compares of the
Royal Charter is another subject of inquiry ; though
the fact could not be sufficient to justify the coarse
the ship was steered, or her keeping to sea at all
in such weather.

No apology is due from landsmen for discuss.
sag a cetsatrophe of this kind after the
event. There are certain determining modifier's
under which • shipwreck may have occurred,
which it requires no special knowledge, and
sertaialy no seqsaintaece with seamanship, to
tadentastel, nor oast there be any undue
affectation of omniscience in conjecturing that if •
fillip of 2,00 tons, with auxiliary engrain of 200
bone power, had been kept well off a Inshore on a
pitch dark sight in a hurricane, she might have
come oat of it damaged, yet not destroyed. We ven-
tured the other day to express an opinion, based upon
the known fact', that if the Royal Cheerier had bum
without any auxiliary steam power aim would Sever
have been permitted to hug a dangerous oast la
foggy and fool weather, but would have pat bask to
Quenstows, or kept well to sea; that relying ea
steam-power lamentably insufficient for any impose
but making away across "calm belts," she had deli-
berately got embayed, and let go her anchors where
no anchors could possibly hold, and committed her
precious human freight and costly cargo to the mercy
of a couple of chains.
It is impossible, we think, to resist the muclasion
that auxiliary screw engines of, say, 200 hone power
to • ship of the size of the Royal Charter are worse
than useless in case of danger; they tempt the ship
to shun the safety of sea-room, and then leave her
helpless to be dashed to pines on a rocky coast.
Besides, whatever may be the relative merits of
screw and paddles in making a peerage, or in ships of
war, it is tolerably ascertained that in a heavy sea
there is mach less "slip .• in the wheels than op the
screw; in other words, that at lent one wheel is doing
its duty when the screw would be idly beating the
air. When the mischief is dons and the spare are cut
away, the screw gets foul and will not work ; but
this is comparatively an insignificant consideration ;
the misfortune is that the screw which tempted the
ship into danger we powerless from the first to
dreg her out 'gain. Had the Royal Charter been a
sailing ship, would she have passed Holyhead?
Would she not have put back to Queenstown ? At
any rate would she not have given herself pienty of
sea room rather than keep a lee shore close on board,
in a furious gale, with • tidal current sucking her
into a rocky bay'
We have said that ships of the Royal Charter
&am are built for speed rather than for strength.
We find this opinion confirmed by the confessions of
prectical men. There is, perhaps, too much of the
reek lessons of the gold-searcher in the construction
of these clipper', as there is in the eager haste to
shorten the paseage by • few hours at any risk
which seizes all on board, officerr, and crew, and pas-
sengers alike, as soon as the coast of England is is
sight. To the captain and the owners indeed every
hour I. precious when the freight is gold ; bat re.
turning passengers are quits as recklessly, perhaps
we might ssy more recklessly, impatient of every
hour's delay when they have • fortune stowed away
in a box, or sewn into a pocket, and awaiting some
swam investment-

THE ecclesiastical disputes in St. Georgt's-in-the-
Eara lave broken out again upon the re-opening of
the parish church, and with new elements of bitter-
ness. It is not very clear why the church wu re-
opened last Sunday. It is true that a large number
of the parishioners wished that the ordinary public
services should be resumed ; but circumstances

do not permit tie to believe that their wishes had
anything to do with the event. St. George's was
closed because the strife between the Rector and
the people was so hot that the services could not be
conducted with a due regard to the sanctity of
Divine worship. There was no reason whatever for
supposing that the heat of the controversy had
moderated. On the contrary, there were grounds
for believing that the feud had been envenomed
while the church remained closed. The Rector's
resolution to submit only two of the questions in
dispute to the arbitration of his diocesan deprived
the Bishop's mediation of its efficacy beforehand.
Imperfect as it wes, the Churchwardens no doubt
did right to accept it. But what good could be ex-
pected from the opening of the church, when on the
one hand the Rector's party was pursuing one of the
parishioners in the Ecclesiutical Courts for matters
arising out of this dispute; while on the other, the
Churchwardens were contemplating the removal,
against the will of their Rector, of the seat. newe-
-1 eery to the choral service, end the drapery which
I belongs to the Rector's system of church ornamen-
tation ?

These circumstances and dispositions promised
little for the peace of the parish. Still a wise man
would have made the beat of them. Mr. ICING's
I use of them was the very worst. Anything more
exasperating than his sermon on Sunday morning it
would be hard to conceive. It would be a positive
relief to be able to suppose that there was deliberate
malice in it, because with repentance might come
a beneficial change. It is too plain, however, that
what to us appears so morally perverse in his sermon
is too deeply-rooted in his priestly system to be
abandoned out of regard for the mere ethical conai-
derations whioh to laymen seem so weighty. His text
was in nowise appropriate, except as it was capable
of a malicious application, and his sermon was an
indictment of his flock. He might have come before
his people with a message of peace, and thrown •
veil over the unlovely put. But instead of that he
goes back six weeks to find matter of reproach to the
people. He does more, he intimates to them that
so far he has had the advantage over them
in this quarrel: that if they have treated him
with disrespect, he on the other hand has

deprived them of their church. For six weeks
they have lain under a spiritual interdict. The
voice of prayer and praise has been silent there.
The word of OoD has not been preached, the sacra-
ments have not been administered, and no interees-
sions have been made for immortal souls. And all
this he is careful to remind them is his week.
Be wished them to undentend that it was at
his special request the Bishop closed the church :
as if the greatest misfortune that could happen to
a minister were not that his people might come to
acquiesce contentedly in the religious privation
which he so heedlessly inflicts. hug to show the
parishioners that the period of their penance is not
overpast, he tells them that in future the sacrament
of the LORD'S Supper will not be administered
on Sundays._ _

It would be the merest affectation to pretend sue.
prise at the outburst of popular feeling which fol-
lowed this provoking display of priestly pride and
. . . .

' uncharitableness. It would have been better if the
people, on finding that the Rector had learnt nothing
by recent experience, had left him to contemplate
his work in a half-emptied church. It was very
foolish to leek him out in the afternoon after
the experience of the morning, and very wrong to
hiss at him while he will offering the beautiful
prayers of the Litany. But what can be expected
of the people, when bitterness and evil-speaking
take the guise of piety in the pulpit? Men's
minds are exuperated, their moral notions
are shocked and confused, and, misled by evil ex-
ample, they think that the " wrath of man" may
" work the righteousness of GOD." It is not easy to
foresee bow this dispute is to end. The law of
coarse will be appealed to, and we hope with sue-
cm, for no cause is served by outrage and decrees-
tioo. Bat clergymen who are wise will be careful
how they invite the secular power to their aid
against their parishioners. The administration and
the amendment of the law are in our times very closely
amareted, and a law which is applied reluctantly and
with hesitation is soon altered. The Legislature
may sons to think that whit* the law protects a
elsegyusea in the exercise of his duty, it ought also
to protect parishioners against a rector who makes
the services of their ancient Church useless and in-
tolerable to them, and,. thus thinking, may find some
means of checking the extravagance of an incumbent
who cares more for ecclesiastical theories then for the
peace and nourishment of the people. If, as Mr.
KING appears to intimate by a marked allusion to
the days of Cusu.es 1., he means to attempt a
Landisn controversy in the nineteenth century, his
Tractarian friends had better give him betimes that
advice which their own prudence will suggest.

A letter from Quebec, dated the 21st ult., says:—
"The first snow skew, which =sally ushers in the long
term of • Quebec wiater, burst over the city sad neighbour-
hood to-day—a period in the jeer to maks it, even in this
rimer, norritshis. The inhabitants of the city end
weigitheierbord met have been eatouiehed when they
Int ewe/ their casements this morning to en
peril onsewl with mew, sad s fierce northwest wind
deeding the at =opine with the white gar. During the
pug welt slew eprieklee of row, mains g re they ,noshed the
eireeed, made their spposzanis ; but, at this savant, not
rely the high Inds and mounter, but eves the kr trio
notated Wogs within the assent walls of the city, re
covered with • wintry carpet. liverywkr• the late bread
sataninal oppresses have yielded to the more gloomy
aspect of winter, se that season first shows Wolf in this
climate; and now the great vault of heaven is hidden
by the fallen fires, sad the great river flows with • surface
the colour of mud, rapt where • few white cop appear
bemire the giant cliff., chequered with frowning blast and
squally sepulchral white,"

A correspondent of the Australian Mail, writing
from Ackland, men. loss that Dr. Selwyn, Bishop of New
Zealand, has takes kis departure in his Hide yacht, the
Bombers Cross, cm a tom through a number of the Milene-
aim [steads. It is. I kelie►e, his lordship's intention to
pay a ern visit to some sew group. for the purism of con-
veying to the natives tangled tidings of the Oospel,' and to
endeavour to indese isms et them to accept of the dean•
tages of an education be the College of St. John, so as to fit
them to become in their tarn inetructors of their fellow
men. He is expected also to call at Norfolk Island. To
record that the indefatigable exertions of the bishop, and
those of his excellent end gifted coadjutor and chaplain, the
Bev. J.C. Patteson, in this extensive Said of labour, are
exceedingly encouregieg, is a *snag duty, for not only
can these gentlennet sow land on the shores of Whae, the
natives of which until reontly were hostile, but much ad-
vances have they made in the good opinion of the
and in their languages that they are now able to penetrate
into their inland villages and hold intercourse with them."
The Lies reports a curious sentence which has
been pawed at enterwaldes, Switzerland. One Melchior
Ali, Noosed of disturbing the public order, has Men con-
demned to a smile' ireprisniment, and to a regular attend.
amen S, two yeas at the morning and afternoon religious
smoker

CRYSTAL PALACE. OSE BIULLIING DAT.—
NON O.IIT, NOT. 7. —ll.lfrialrings• os soma; soe ; ditto
by NOM Sokoto, 374 ; lotol visitors, 1,181.

gin Court.

WINDSOR CASTLE, Nov. 7.
The Queen, accompanied by Princess Alice,
walked and drove in the Home Park this morning.
The Prince Convert went to the Wellington College, at-
tended by Lord Methuen end Colony! the Hon. A. Harding..
Lord Alfred Paget, Equerry-in-Waiting to by Majesty.
left Windier by an early train for Dover, to meet the
Prizes and Princess Frederick William of Pfibillia, who
are expected to arrive on a visit to the Quiet,

A Cabinet Council was held yesterday at the
official residence of the First Lord of the Treemry
in Downing-street. The ministers present were—
Viscount Palmerston, the Lord Chancellor, the
Duke of Argyll, Sir G. Coroewall Lewis, Lord
John Russell. the Duke of Newcastle, the Right
Hon. Sidney Herbert, Sir Charles Wood, the Chan-
cellor of the Exchequer, the Duke of Somerset, the
Right Hon. C. P. Villiers, Sir George Grey, the
Right Hoe. T. Milner Gibson, and the Right Hon.
Edward Cardwell.

A deputation hom the Committee of 81 iniah American
Bondholders, con/Fisting of Mr. J. D. Powlee (chairmen),
Mr. John Field (deputy-chairman), Mr. Joeeph Tuber, end
Mr. Edward Heelewood, had an interview with Lord
John Rummell yeeterday at the Foreign-oftioe.
Mr. Rowland Hill had an interview with the Chancellor of
the Exchequer yesterday at his official reddens* he Down-
inpatreet.

Viscount and Via:minters Palmer/ton arrived in London
yesterday from Broodlends, Hants.
The Duke of Newcastle arrived In town from his seat,
Chamber-past, Notts, yesterday.
The Chancellor of the Exchequer and Yrs. Gladstone
&mind in landau yesterday from Attilley End, the seat of
Lord Braybrooks.
_ _

The Hight Hon. T. Miler Oiheon arrived in town yester-
day from his seat, Thebertea-house, Suffolk.
Despatches wise received at the Colonial-office yesterday
from the Governors of Canada, Serenade, the llauritleir, the
Australian Cukalle, New Zealand, end Ceylon.

2118 ARRIVAL OP TAP lIIINCR AND PRINCESS
FREDERICI WILLIAM 0! I'AUIMI.d.--(THIS
DAI).

This morning their Royal Highly:os the Ptince
and Princess Frederick William of Freesia left Calais and
crossed to Dover in the Admiralty yacht, and were re-
ceived on landing by Count Bernsterf, Lord Alfred Paget,
and other offloials. After remaining a short time at t►e
Lord Warden Hotel, they proceeded by specie, train on the
South Eestern Railway to the Bricklayers' Arms Station,
Old Kent-road. The illustrious couple were there
received by • guard of honour of the Scots Pugilist.
Guards. Their Royal Highnesses and suite entered her
Majesty's carriage, and, with an escort of the 10th Hussars,
proceeded down the Westminster-bridge-road, Parliament-
street, through the Horse Guards, up the principal mall of
St. James's Park, Constitution-hill, through Hyde Park,
to the Greet Western Railway, Paddingten, en routs to
Windsor Castle. The royal pair were loudly cheered on
their way to Peddlogton.

His Excellency the Swedish Minister and the
Countess Platen have left Sweden for Loudon. Their excel-
lencies ere expected in town on Friday next.
The Marquis and Marchioness of Stafford left the
Pavilion Hotel, Folkestone, yesterday morning, on • visit to
the Emperor and Empress of the French, et Compl4ne.

r .
Ws are authorised to state that, in consequence of
the dangerous illness of the Dowager Countess of Harewood,
the marriage of the Hui of Datketth with the Lady Louisa
Hamilton is onavoldably pompoms!.

The Earl of Carrick and Lady Lucy Butler have
arrived at Claridge's Hotel from Mount Juliet, Ireland.
The Earl of Stradbroke has arrived at the Bruns-
wick Hotel, 11=ra-street, from hie meat, Henham Hall,
Suffolk.

Lord and Lady Ashburton are detained in Scot-
land, owing to an attack of gout from which his lordship is
suffering.

The Dean of Worcester and Mrs. Peel have left
Pamlico's Hotel, Belgravia, far the Bedford Hotel,
Brighton.

crisoonot Langan, eldest son of Lord Cowley, has
bees promoted, in India, to the rank of major in the army.
Hs arrived la Bombay In the early pr-t of lea year, as aide-
d►camp on Uts governor's personal stall, and acted as
militia, oraetary to Lord Elphinstone. Previous to this
Viscount Dt "pa served in the staff of Lord Clyde in Bade,
sad was engaged in the final operations for the reduction of
that piece.

The village of llowth was the scene of great
festivity last Tuesday in consomme of the marriage of
Lady Emily St. Lawrence, eldest aangteer of the Right Hon.
the Esti of Rooth, to Thomas Gabbard, Esq., the gentle-
man who has lately purchased the beautiful domain of
°Manton, err this town, fora pormenstet residence. The
marries, armee, was perforwei in Yoe Roman catholic
church, Howth, by Ur Rev. Dr. Callen, anima by the Rev.
P. Satythwick, P.P., Rev. Jame Murray, D.D., Rev. Mr.
Power, C.C., and Rev. Me. Magrath, C.C.
There can be now no want of Protestant church

accommodation in Perin Oalig/satire Yammer 018sta:day
contains eight distinct advertisements of divine service which
were to take place on Sunday—vts., at the Bev. A Gurney's
" Eosin& Church," the "Church of Scotland," " Wesleyan
Chapel," " Coogregarional Worship," "Church of England,"
" English Church" (Roe d'Aguesseen), " American Epis-
copal Church," and the " American Chapel."

XL DIMLY, ALP, ON THE NATIONAL
DILFENCLt

The following address Les been issued by Mr. W.
Duda, M.P., fat Kest !ilia

" Oar National Defences. What is Kent &log ?
" To the Nobility, Clergy, Gentry, Fanners, and Tradesmen

of the Coni:ty.

At ► time when the whole of the kingdom is more or leas
under the influence of a feeling of loaseurity, when pave
doubts suggest themselves to every thoughtful mind, as to
whether our preparations to resist aggression are commensu-
rate with the stake at Mese, and at a moment when, of all
ethers in the history of our country, it bettor= England, as
a means of &vetting danger, to be well and thoroughly pre-
pared, I offer nu apology for repeating a question on the sub-
ject of oar national defsnose,' which I asked at & public din-
ar In the county some weeks since, namely—. What is Kent
doing?' _ _

"Ter, Maidatoue and Ramsgate honourably appear in
the Army List of this mouth as Noe. 1 and 2 oompany of the
volutes., tiff corps of the county. lam ewers also that in
other pieces the nucleus of a corps has been started, which, I
trust, nay be followed by a similar result; but is this
enough? Is this equal to what must be expected of a county
so important from its position, its population, and its wealth?
Why I. so much valuaLlo time lost ? Why do not volun-
teers, of all cLowes, come forward—the young and able to be
enrolled and instructed—the rich end non advanced In life
to and the sinews of war and produce their substitutes?

le It that we are not ounvinced—or rather that we reslat
the ooavietion—of the necessity, In my bumble judgment,
the urgent neoeselt• of the care P Or is it that petty jea•
lauds. and local prejudices Interfere P Or ere we under the
fatal delusion that a population, whose bravery and deter-
mined courage no one would doabt, can, at a mothemia
notice, uninstructed ho the ore of the arms it must wield and
undrilled is the slem,leat moversienta which are aheolutely
neceasary to 1106WID combined adios, successfully oppose
hostile forces composed of old and tried soldiers?
" f stop not here to inquire whether any of these, or what
other respond may be the CAUNI of our apathy. My object its not
to dad fault but to excite to activity. I appeal to you to
exhibit increased energy and patriotism in defence of all that
is moat dear to you, and I do so from a deep-seated convic-
tion in my own mind that the time is at band when
we must rely, under Ood's providence, for the safety of the
kingdom on our own t zealots ; and if we of this county,
desire to preserve unetainrd our motto, Invicta.' of which
we justly boast, we must mate every sacrifice to meet im-
pending danger, and beware of being killed Into a fobs
security. . -

"80ould It be neceseary foe me to offer any further excuse
for the liberty I ens taking in •ddreestag you, it moy perhaps
be found In the fact that for nearly forty years I have been—
through good report end (MU report—from a 000viotion
of its constitutional erfuleries, • member of a volunteer
cave. My desire le not here to put forward the superiority
of mounted riflemen over • force otherwise to-mediated—
though I fully believe a more serviceable mounted fuel
reboot be found—but to eseite the patriotic of all dames to
811 up the limited ranks of the yeomanry cavalry, sad so to
swell the somber► of the tropoerd riffs and artillery mops,
ae to prove their determination to resew to the utmost the
aggrarrocm of any enemy who They dare to attempt the bier
mom of till' free sad favoured land. " Wm. Damns.
" Sandbag Park, Nov. 5, 1869,"