The Express.
London, England, 1856-06-19 00:00:00

LONDON, THURSDAY EVENING, JUNE 19, 1856.

IA '8 ANATOMICAL MIIBNUIL
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BENNETTS MODEL WATCH, 63. Cbespoide.
—At hie ementhvioey, • eery mat variety of the neweetdeaelle.
nab all the, latent improvements; In akar. from g guineas; In sold.
from 12 guinea. 'Ms beg (laws Iratebo 30 per cent. lea

IMPERIAL P.

ROUSE OF COMMONS.—WaDneD.ty, Join 18.
(Coatisatd from the Express of yesterday.)
NAWAB OF BURAT TREATY BILL.
The repori ..aa received after mead discsesioa, sad t►e
bill ordered to be read a third time.

WITHDRAWAL OF MR. BAILLIB'S MOTION.
Major REED wished to sek the hon. member for Inver-
ney-ahire whether, after the &Karim which h.d already
taken place and the opinions generally expressed al to the
intrapedieacy of dienusiog (poaches segotiations between
this coasts, and the United States) arty question connected
with the differences unfortasately Galatia' between the
two enueitriee, he still intended bringing forward hie motion
on Thursday (this day) ?
Mr. BAILLIE sald—la answer to the question I will, for
the cot:monism* of the house, Mats what tonne I intend to
purees with reference to my motion. I have heard from
various quartiles that it might be prejadieisl and incon-
venient to the public service to enter at this moment upon
a diaceasion of Megrims again, and therefore I intend to
give up the motion of which I have already gives natio.
(Mar, hear) At the tame time I wish to state thstl hen
sot changed the ciliate/Es I bad formed spec the sulject ;
iodeen, than opiniess have only been confirmed by the
psi era laid on the table; and in withdr►wing the motion I
wait it to be diatiactly understood that I don only because
I have so wish to game a roan that might is any way
cp mar IojUriollll to the pablic service. (Cheers.)
Mr. G. MOORE—I regret exceedingly that the hon.
member fir 'aversion should have abandoned the tack
which he bed undertaken, and I regret still more that hen.
meatless. present should appear to 'equines is the course
which he has deternised to take; bat although members is
t►u bows may abdicate their functions sad position•, the
is no TOMS why the home should abdicate ita functions as •
breach of the British parliament. At all events, I for ea.,
sir, copilot abdicate the privilege which I possess of taking
the sense of the house upon any gaieties la which not only
the credit bat the honour of di country I. concerned, end
therefore I beg to give mottos that upon the vary first typo,.
tuni'y I shall take the tests of the house upon • sin:tiler
m titan to that which the hoe. member his just abndond.
Ta. cabled t then dropped.
DWELLINGS OF LABOURING CLASSES (IRE-
LAND) BILL.
Tins house having renunse it. cisenasioa in committee of
the Dwelling. of the Labouring Classes (Ireland) Bill, the
remaining mum ware agreed to, and some additional one'
brought up and aided to the mestere.
The salad revlinn of the Poor Law (t eland) Bill was
moven by Mr. NATIIM, but after • few words trim Mr.
J. D. Frvxoxa•ta the debate wee adjolllslll4l.
'the Rentstraitua of Leases (Scotland) Bill, and the
Stock In Trade lizempaon Bill, moat through committee.
Tcs Survey of Great Britain Bill was read • third time,
and paced.
THE VOTE ON MR. WALPOLE'S MOTION.

Oa the motion that the house should adjoins,
Mr. C. FORTESCUE said he wined to put a question to
the oobla lord at the bead of the government respecting the
awe which had been copse to lestnight. (Hear, bear.) The
house might depend upon it that tt e addrest to the crown
adopted lost eight, not in reality by the House of Commons
bet by an accideotsl majority, was very fu from befog •
slight toolification of the national system of education ; it
amounted t e direct lof the system. (Hear, hear.)
He did not believe that the bows meant to subvert the as_
tion.l system of education in Ireland ; end that emboldened
him to 'uprose a wish that the house might have a further
opportunity of cossidoring the question.
Sir W. JOLLIFFE rose to order. The hon. member had
✓isen to ask a question ;he ought not to allude to what had
taken plates in a former debate, but confine himself to his
question. (Hear, bear.)

Mr. FORfESCUE was only going to say that it was his
intention to propose a resolution pledging the house to sup-
port the national system °indention in Indeed as it now
stood. (Crier.) He felt that there was 'my little are in
his attempting to do that at an early day—sad to be or any
service it ought to be dose early—without the assiatthee of
the government. Be did not believe that the house meant
to subvert tt • system, mad he did not believe that the go-
vernment did. (t.theers.) He therefore asked the govern-
ment to give him an early day for the purpose of Magus(
forward this resolution.

Viscount PALMEftBTON—I quite concur with sty hen.
friend as to the immanence of the 'object to which tbe deci-
sion of lint night referred, sad sa to the evil efforts of ttat
decision in ita euretios—(hiar, hear)—cad therefire as to
Ills great importance which will rush front sone eastrary
nprresim e f opinion. I also entirely oozes: wit► hiss la
hdasy,ng that that decision doss not represent the reel
sentiment. of the Haase of COSIIIO2II. (Cheers) I there-
( ,re think the matter of such importance that no nomeces-
sary delvy should take p 1• CI in enabling this hous to impress
Mortal opinion en a titration of such vital importance to Ire-
land tad to ths ',entry at lugs; sad therefore I 0.41 be
ready to give my hon. friend Monday nest for the purpose
of considering the resolution of *high he has given notice.
The house them adjourned at ten minutes to 6 o'clogit.

LEICESTER ELECTION.

LEICESTER, WIDNIIIIDAY.

The nomination of a candidate for 'the represente-
t*. of this borough, ia the roma of the late Mr. 11. Gud-
tier, took plus this seoratag.
After the usual preliattearisis,

The NATO* (Kr. J D. Harris) addressed the elsctots,
ezpreseteg his leterialeatioa to discharge ►is duty faithfully
sad impartially. sad boggles theta to give a fall and Mr
hearing to every who night wish to address them.

Alderman Tou.un then ma, amid loud emoting,
to propose John Bigp, Esc., as • esaiidate for We
rrpreventation of the borough la parliament- There
tat for sum tine GOMM amongst them a
disposition to elect a their representative acme
paitlewas monsotod with the borough. They meld not,
Itherefore, Mom a more fitting porton titan Mr. Biggs,
who was • Ratio of O. town, had Imo comosted with Its
de* trade free his youth, bad twos thrice sleeted mayor.
OM
who was to well Mown for his long sad (shim! services
Is the smnisipal body, and for kis munificent support of
morphimg whit& tended to the prosperity of the Own.
Mr. Big.. had claim upon dam In this moppet welsh no
Odor mailman had. (Load applause) Mr. Biggs wen •
trwp diec.pls of tho progresno gaol of reform; Is did not
believe there was • slaps do of t. finality" In his eoin-
pssitim, sad was sinmaly at to the principles of
!Utmost* ammatimi the amainatios.
todor sandidoto was molested (Mt. John Paget
asiW WWI tom the neatest on Mandel), sad the mayor
haololitifida et heads foe W. Bigp declined that
podia= isti *OW.
Mr. Bzoos (who was reesived with troomeadout eliewiae)
then nee to totem thiako, sad esressed his grants& to
hie followetowasoma he hating warned epos him the

howler of repo sestina then iaparilaaarat. is eddlliss
ths sawmills local oilers of Mem: sad treat whisk May
had provismoky elooted kin te all. Mr. Wyse the gooks at
ewe leagth, aessriss his southeast' that his object wield
rear b. w memo" all momeme shish Weald must to
the Whoa pompority, esd to do all Is 16 power to 'one
their Mod istmems.
♦ vote of thaska to the mayor was thee pima m the
meths of Mr. Hipp, sootelod by Mr. J. V. Hanby% sad
altar them hearty chin Mr the mayor sad fat Mr. /lisp
pescsedisp essisisitsd.

LITICBATUBB.

_••-

The Rotation Empire: its People, Inetilutione, and
BCSOUrCeI. By Baron VON HAYTHAUSEN. Trans-
lated by ROBERT FARM, Erq. Chapman and Hall.
If the Baron von Haxthausen's work had no
other value than that of showing the aMurdity of
applying to Russia and its institatioos the standsrd
by which the worth of the institutions and customs
of states belonging to the great European family is
generally measured, it would be very great. The
author shows um that Russian nationality is a oom-
pound of elements, many of them totally distinct from
those which go to form the nationalities of the
West. The difficulty of coming to a correct conclu-
Moo on the nature of the Rapine° character and lc-
siltations is, that although Russia is essentially Sla-
vonia, its higher classes have for the last century
and a half been brought under German or European
influences. They hays been trained and many of the
political institutions been formed upon the European
• odeL Legislation has, in certain cases, assumed
not 014 the character but the forms of legislation in
other European states ; but the consequences of this
have only been manifested among the higher
classes. Family institutions, says the author, and
those of the communes and agricul.nre have re-
mained intact ' • legislation and the government ad-
ministration have had little or no influence upon
them. At the root of the difference between Russian
and European culture lint the great fact that while
the leading states in Europe were feudal in their
origin and development, Russia is a patriarchal
state. Remembering this fact, we shall be able to
account for numerous apparent anomalies. It is
almost sufficient of itself, says the author, to explain
the whole social and political condition of Roasts.
The ism ly is the national mitt/totem ; in it roles, a
pieta equality of rights; is long ss it remains united, the
father is the head of the family; ea his death the eldest sea
succeeds, and her the entire disp -sal of ea the property,
and amigos arbitrarily the part which reverts to each mem-
ber. Tie commune is the family eetleritcl. The land belongs
to the fam ly or commune ; each iedividrial has oily • claim
to neufruet, t t which all peryste born in the commas* have
as equal nicht. The land therefore is equally divided swing
all who live upon it, to be temporarily recopied by them.
lit right of inheritance exists le the children to the shah
of their father ; each son claims es equal Alpe with the test
as a member of the commis*. The commune has its
paternal relation in tie ancient, or Start:eta, to whom
implicit obedience is eh ,on.
Aocirdine to the traditional conviction of the people,
Russia belongs to the canoe, divided into commutes, se to
a single family, under its chief or father, the Cur, who has
the disposal of everything avid to whom implicit obedience
is shown. The Rosalie people cannot imagine any limita-
tion of the power of the Czar. "How can a lather's autho-
rity be limited otherwise than by the Divine law ?" ray
that elms who constitute the heart of the nation at the pre
sent day, as they did 230 years ago on the accession of the
anatenoff dynasty. All attempts to restrict the power of
the Czar, used, then or subsequently, proved utterly abor-
tive before this deep traditional belief of the
prole. The political politica, therefore, of the Cur en
relation to the Russian nation, is quite different from that
of *very other moosrah ; but as Emperor of the Russian
monseelty, his position is the earns es that of otter ent-
rains,.
As every Russian belongs to a commune, and all the
megst•ers are entitled to equal shares us das ad, there are
so born proletarians in await.
Is alt the other countries of Remo the trlginators of
social revolution rise up in rebellion against wealth and
poverty. Destruction of the right of inheritance, end an
equal division of the land, are their sh,bholeth! In Russia
such a revolution is impossible, as this Utnoia of the Br-
rnmpan molutiositts already salmi here, fully incorporated
with the asthma We.
The difficulty which Russia has to experience in
working her way up to a position worthy of hoe vast
remora", in the family of European states, is mainly '
contained with her want of a citizen class. On this
point our author says:
It appears as if mysterious causes existed in the chorister
sad hiiitory of the B!avosie ;maples unfavnerable to the
formatioe of a citizao c is.; for not only in the case of the
Kg slaps, but also of the other Slavonic races, there is no-
where any onwerful spontaneous development of it—neither ,
among the Poles her the southern Blears, and in Bohemia
it is an institution iatrodueed by the Germans; nay, the
B taentian towns are to this day mostly inhabited by j
Germane.

F r mon than half • century the gnertuneet hu neva
itself to form aci sea clan in Rusts. Catherine Mimed
regelstions for the tower, end senrel laws coneereing their
ninth= were enacted in the Osman spirit and after the
Genoa model. It must be acknowledged that these laws
were on the wl ole a fallen, ad lure by no means had the
effect ezpeetosi. The Germsn corp. tan spirit, on which
the live wat founded, wee gain foreign to the Russian
national character, which pommies a sir tag spirit of also.
entices; it was opposed to the satinet habits, the social
customs and idea., of the Russian people; and I eo not
believes that it will seer re.lly strike firm root in the soil.
On the other hand, that terrible poverly which is
so often to be found side by side with the most
ertravgant luxury in other states in Europe, is
seam seen in Russia.
There is so lower class in Marlow, such so is formed is
German towns, fry it stun, in Bede, living in genets and
sellers. Cellars I haven DSOS is Moscow; and there
are few, if any hired garrets. Potently there wee no
rabble in Moscow, sad even sow this forms but a
very small proportion of the p 'pulsators. There
were, in former times, only two lower dosses—
either they belonged to the peasantry sod to mete
entssane, and had always a right to the possession of •
portion of lend, or they wee. boatmen, and belotged ts I
come err, preetor, who was obliged to provides food, lodging.
sad elothieg for them. People without a tom, land, or a
proprietor to provide for them, peoples is general, vie-a-pis
Aerie's were unknown.

The peculiarities' of the social institutions in Russia
are well brought out in a oomparieon which the
author wakes between the Rumen institutions and
the St. Simouian principles.
Is cousidering the weiel eonditiou of Rusts, we ctanot
fell to be creek with the remarkable potato of the us'.-,
perieon which it fire to the dreams of some ef the modern
political sects, puticularly the It. Simociens and Com-
=inlets The soda, stet*, however, which they hoagies
to be the highest de relapses* of the human race, can
be established upon the been of their doetriees, lotuses
then are escheietien, untrue, and atheletical. It would be
to build epos panel, end lunch; would be the certain eye
*equine et the stump% Hot I deny that each an order of
thaws, apart from the principles area which thou sectaries
"meld erect it, lo is itself sechrisUsa sad unreasonable, and
thereto» imposeible : the present soaditlon of Howie is a
yr of that a political and social state and a Chriatlan .e
enmity any eo-ezist with each invitation,.
The St. Simonises would abolish all private property Is
lend, end the right of Inheriting it, mthetitetiog only • life
interest in its place. In Rossi* this arrupeenent actually
eziets. Amour the people, individuals have usually no
prorny in land, not even • certain sad died occupation;
they have oily • claim to the usufruct; there eta, there-
hire, be se inheritance. Tim principles, however, which lie
at the bees of this so del conditom are different from those
upon which the St. Illocutions would eetablisk their moduli
polity. They are completely national, aad adapted to a
Christian mouroby.
Auording to St Simon, the lead below le the Spirit of
Hetesnity, u the oid of the earth. Huey maa a tees-
poruy 'lunation from this Deity ; sad therefereoro loeg as
he lutists seen Individual in the world, sad has sot yet flowed
beck into the ativenel spirit, he has a right to a ceruie
useunt of what the earth proelneer. This right, however,'
le wholly Dermal ; he ascot bequeath it to hi. Widnes,
for thus, like ell past sad feriae. g does, are seethe-
Cow, sad h•ve merely • permed, not en Inherited, swim I.
• pontos of the earth's produce.
The linseisits, oe the other head, say that the ante he-
loop to the Creator, end has been instated by Him to Adria
aat his deseeeduts. &recessive pugilism Inherited the
rendes ; and, as their ambers iambus..
_they esesples
• greeter utast of the earth's sedum. witch they *hued
cads, the divine reduce in the world's history. The
century now called Buda ieU to the progenitor of the
Regime ; sad his desimadiesde.raaaisdag salted wader the
head of their nee, end the. *sus rand a people, spread
over the territory 'shish Iwo the. by the provides., of
God barns their property. The 4hpssal of It, as la
(.ally. belongs to the father, the heed el tbe roes the CNN;
es
individual has s right Se sham is It *sly fella es be
'helives is salty with Car rad his people. The le lite
Joist property of the asthma hinny, and dish/blew
Cur has the eels Ceps fill of M, and dietrthwlss It the
!asida late which the man has fa As mum el Bme
bees divided. • Joist toosspeaey of the elide suold only
nisi while the people led • assedis lib; elms they
browse settled. • poetise was asslysed to asst
which essupied its share seder • separate het& Thigh*
of the dually thus uses In • meager tabs seslepos is
that of the manes. The peepoety is a theft preysety,
belenslag meetly, bat undivided to ell the umbel*
ef the family, the father Laving the dispesil
end distribatios of the poises If • umbel
Wish ea • divides be s'hit's ids pectins,