The Express.
London, England, 1858-08-10 00:00:00

THE EXPRESS, TUESDAY EVENING, AUGUST 10, 1858.

is a slow process, but it is the pro'_ess by
which all the too little real Christiaraty which
we have in the world his been developed in the
course of nearly two thousand years. To the Chris-
tian public we appeal to protect Lord STAxurr
against the indiscreet and ignorant seal of some of
their own number. And whether this appeal be
favourably responded to or not, we trust the new
Council of India will possess sufficient moral courage
to support the Mieister upon this all-important
questior.

EVEN in the short time that has elapsed since the
peat agricultural meeting at Chester incidents have
occurred which quicken the desire that the whole
agricultural population should benefit by the prac-
tical knowledge promulgated at such meetings. At
some inland markets butter was selling last week at
ls. ad. per lb. ; and it was difficult ts obtain it at
any price. This was caused by the drought, under
which the pastures in the finest of our grazing coun-
ties were burnt up. Aged persons had never seen
the soil more thoroughly perched and pulverised.
It was a mortification to lose the pleasures
of the flower gardens ; and a privation to
have only the mintiest supply of vegetables
for the table : but these are small matters
in comparison with the perplexity and pain to
the farmer of being unable to feed his stock pro-
perly in the height of summer. Perhaps none but
those who happen to have witnessed such a case
understand the extent of the evil. The owner of a
daily of twelve or twenty cows is really wretched
about them, unless he is well up in modern improve-
ments. Before he rises, after he goes to bed, and all
day long, he is cudgelling his brain for resources
wherewith to sustain his drooping trine. The case
of the small farmer, with his humble dairy, is worse,
because he has usually less knowledge of expedients,
and his dependence is on a sm►ller number of ani-
mals. He sees his cows dwindling every day in
flesh, and the pail becomes lighter at every milking,
though he cats every foot of grass he sees growing,
and culls every vegetable scrap that the poor
things wal eat. Ile can get no grains at
the breweries, fur the brewers' connexions have
bespoken thim ell. It is worse than useless
to tut.] out the liaa+ts on the commons in the plein
country, or on the hit', in the mountain distaieta:
for there is scarcely a succulent mouthful to be had,
aid the flies are mischievous. It is a sore necessity
to resort to the new hay. In short, when butter is
le. Bd. per lb. in pastoral districts, the stock are
going off fast, and the dairy year is spoiled. Now
almost all this train of evils might be spored by a
little of such knowledge as the dullest termer might
pick up at an agriculture' meeting. Let not the
proud critic smile, and a►k how the small frimer, or
anybody bat the rich grazier, can in igate to such au
extent 1/1 to preclude the mischiefs of drought. While
believing that the time is not far distant when the
whole landed interest of this country will be
enabled, by combined drainage and inigation, to
defy drought, as inrndation is now defied by means
of the former, over many a broad &le, we ti-e at
present thinking of a humbler resoo•ce.

Ptiaes have been given by the Royal Apiculture'
Society for newly invented food for horses and cattle,
by which all pining from hunger may be obviated at
all seasons, at a cost so small that the fai,net's loss
is confined to that of the germ which will not grow.
What a blessing it would be to even; yeomen's the
land to know of this resource, end tFrow overboard
all fear of famine in the stall ! What an advantage
to be able to send Fie butter and cheese to mai ket as
usual, be the weather what it may! This beneficent
invention, guaranteed by the chemical science sup-
plied by the Association, is only one of the good
things which every farmer and grazier would know
if the entire profession could be, by any means,
brought face to face with the phenomena of these
agricultural meetings. Surely it might be possible to
stir up the people in old-fashioned districts by itine-
rating among them, telling stories of the achieve-
ments to be witnessed in regard to the common
processes, in which every farmer has an interest. Is
there no method of familiar lecturing in the less
frequented rural districts, by which a few men from
each could be induced to go to the nearest meeting,
to see for themselves what can be done in these
days? IR such places, the plague of the farmer's
life is sickness among his stock. It is a rare thing
to have • trustworthy cow-doctor within reach.
Generally speaking, the owners are helpless in the
hands of quacks, in retired districts—having no
option between permitting rash experiment, and
doing nothing. The amount of gibberish talked
about cow-diseasss and the amount of bleeding per-
petrated are beyond the belief of all who have not
seen something of that phase of rural l;re. Would
not something be done about this, if agricultural
gatherings brought together all the farmers who
had ever lost a cow, or dreaded to lose one ? Would
it not naturally follow that life-insurance Societies for
cattle and horses would be formed everywhere, as
soon as it became known what a comfort they an
wherever they exist under good management P To
others than the owners it would be a gratification to
see an end to the begging from house to house, for miles
round, when a cottager has lost his cow; and to the
melancholy selling-up of the small farmer when dis-
ease has got among his stock. Many a cow would
be saved by the medical aid which such Societies
tinselly provide; and many a rural bankruptcy
would be intercepted by the precaution of such in-
surance. The landlord, the tradesman, the neigh-
bouring gentry would prefer subscribing to support
such a plan (though, indeed, it ought to be entirely
self-supporting) to giving their dole when the mis-
chief has happened, and in the form of charity.
Some progress is made, we believe, in the diffu-
sion not only of the knowledge of new agricultural
implements but of the use of them. The owners of
mowing sod hay-making machines have more ap-
plications for the nes of them, from year to year.
But the grand resource is not yet sufficiently dis-
cussed, we apprehend, or it would be adopted from
end to end of the country—the establishment of
depots of agricultural implements for hire, in central
positions, whence they might be obtained through a
given circumference. It must naturally be some
time before the great multitude of farmers will
think of laying out heavy sums in new implements,
and indeed the extent of their land would not, for
the most part, justify it. On the other hand, the
circumference must not be too wide, or the
customers too many; or there will not be
time to serve all. But while it is possible
to see, in various parts of the north-country,
a single mile or half-mile within which hay-
making has been going on (or pretendieg to go
on) from the middle of June, and is not finished yet,
we can hardly object that each implement or ma-
chine would be wanted by every farmer in the whole
circle on the same day. There are always diffe-
rences of sail, situation, theory, and management
which cause the nearest neighbours to go through
their processes at different times. A fortnight
would do the mowing and haymaking, or the reap-
ing and harvesting, on many farms within a circuit
of fire or ten miles at the rate that such machines
work. The saving would be in other things besides
money, great as would be the gain of getting in the
bay crop in a few sunny hours, instead of after
weeks of soaking and drying; or the corn, full in

the ear and dry, instead of shaken and plundered by
birds, or rotting or sprouting in the wet. But the
saving of nerve and temper Is worth consideration
too. We have in our mind's eye a meadow where 101.
have this year been sank in the hay crop; whereas
the use of a mowing and a hay-milting machine
might have saved four-fifths of the cost, if they had
been within reach, and the yeoman disposed to make
use of them. We have in our mind's eye a farm in
an opposite quarter, where, flora the expensiveness
of the old methods of tillage, the farmer can pay his
men only such miserable wages as they and their
families cannot live on; and, as a natnyel codse-
quence, they use their opportunity, at harvest time,
when every hour is precious, to put on the screw in
their turn, and make their own terms, besides telling
a bit of their minds. The remedies for such mis-
chiefs actually exist : they merely need to be under-
stood, and made acceskible. In overcrowded districts,
wages can go no lower than the Bs. per week of the
present year, while the increased production and
saving will augment the wages :and. In under-
handed districts, where the average wages are 105,
per week, more hands will be requ4ed for the im-
proving production faster than they can be thrown
oat by shortening the hay-making and harvesting.
It is a case in which ell pr-ties must be benefited by
the change.
How, then, ern the wisdom and the works of oar
Agriculture' Associations be beat and soonest con-
ducted into the most retired rural district.: of the
land ?

NEW COUNCIL FOR INDIA.-EI ECTIVE
MEMBERS.

The following gentlemen were yesterday elected
by the Court of Directors to be Members of the New
Council for India:
Charles Mills, Esq.
John Shepherd, Esq.
Sir James Weir Hogg.
Elliot Macnaghten, Esq.
Ross Dannelly Mangles, Esq.
William Joseph Eastwick, E.q.
Henry Thoby Prineep,
It app..% from tlfs list that none q. of the Crown
nominees on the late Board of Directors have been
elected. It 41 with regret that we tn:la the name of
Mr. Willoughby; but we hope to find him among
the Government appointments.

THE QUEEN'S DEPARTURE
FOR GERMANY.
(THIS DAY.)

In accordance with previous sirangements her
Majesty left England this morning, en route for
Germany, for the purpose of paying a visit to the
Princess Frederick William of Pi oasis, with whom
she will probably remain till towards the end of the
present month.

The Queen went from London by the North Kent
Railway to Oravesend, leaving the Bricklayer's
Arms station at a quarter to nine and ar-
riving at the Gravesend station at about
half-past nine. A heavy rain commenced
shortly before eight, and continued till about
nine, when the sky suddenly brightened, and
the weather became all that could be de-
sired. It had been the wish of the
municipal authorities of the town, backed by
the principal residents, to make the Queen's de-
parture for the Continent the occasion of a great
public demonstration ; but, in deference to the ascer-
tained desire of her Majesty, they abstained from
doing so, and merely made such arrangements as
were absolutely called for by the character of the
event. Extra trains were announced to run on the
Tilbury line from 8 o'clock "in rapid succession,"
but the rapidity was anything but whst is
generally understood by the term, there not
being passengers enough at Fenchurch-stn et
to induce the superintendent to despatch the
first train till after seven o'clock. On the North
Kent line the public curiosity was catered for by
the running of the first ordinaty tra'n at
half-past 7 instead of 8 o'clock. Tho fact ht the
hour fixed for the embarkation was too ee-ly for
London sight-seers, who appear to have been
unwilling to sacrifice their breakfast even to gr►tify
their notorious eagerness for public spectacles.
On arriving at Gravesend the Queen and the
Prince Consort immediately entered one of the royal
carriages, and drove through the town to the Royal
Terrace-pier, opposite which the royal squadron, con-
sisting of the Victoria and Albert, the o.bai de,
the Princess Alice, the Banshee, and the Vivid, had
been lying for three or four days. The Toy& cot tege
proceeded along Somerset-street into the New-road,
and by King-street, the Nutton-road, end Ha..ner-
street, to the Terrace-pier.
The route thus taken wrs profusely adorned with
flags, the decorations being for the most part the
same that were used on the memorable occasion of
the embarkation of the Prince and Princess Frederick
William. The windows of many of the houses
rnd the pavements were thronged with spectators,
whose number was vastly increased by visitors from
London and the districts around Gravesend,
who had come in anticipation of the event
on the previous day and on several preceding
days. In Harmer-street the scene was exceedingly
festal and joyous, and her Majesty was repeatedly
greeted as she passed along with hearty acclama-
tions.

Iler Majesty, having been escorted from the rail-
way station by a detachment of the 15th HP-SP.I/.
under Captain Trowers and Lieutenants Bell end
Mullen', was received at the entrance of the Royal
Terrace-pier by a guard of honour, consisting
of a detachment of the Royal Ms...nes,
under the command of Capta; n Brown.
Oo alighting from her carriage, she was also received
by the mayor (gr. Troughton) and the cwporation
of Gravesend, in their municipal robes. The Town-
clerk (Mr. Shetland), presented to her Majesty an
address, which in accordance with previous arrange-
ments was not read. It was banded by her Majesty
to the Earl of Malmcsbury, and the following is •
copy of it :

TO TILE QUEEN'S MOST EXCELLENT MAJESTY.

May it pfrase your Majesty,--We, the rriyor, elder—nem,
and councillors of the borough of Gravesend, respect-
fully tender our thanks to your Majesty for selectt".f this
borough u the point of your embarkation.
We gladly availed ourselves of the opportunity Winded to
us in February last, on the embarkation of her Royal High-
ness the Pittman Frederick William of Prussia, with her
illustrious husband, of evincing our loyally to your Majesty
and our attachment to your excellent consort.
We trust that your Majesty will on your arrival In
Prussia find all your moat ardent expectations for the
happiness and comfort of your daughter fully refused, and
that in each succeeding year continued proofs of the loyalty
sod devot-d attacb-nent of all yore Majesty's subject.' will
be afforded to you, and the blearing of herlth IC", under
Divine Providence, be vouchsafed to yore Majesty, your
Royal Consort, end children.

The sides of the pier having been fitted up for the
accommodation of the spectators, and covered,
together with the floor, with crimson cloth, were
partitioned off from the centre, leaving an ample
space for the Queen. ' About 1,500 persons,
a vast majority of whom were ladies, occupied the
eats
allotted to them from as early an hour as eight
o'clock, and at least double that number would have
been present could all the applications for tickets
have been granted. Immediately after the
foregoing address had been presented, her Majesty,
leaning on the arm of the Prince Consort, proceeded
along the centre of the pier, under a gay canopy of
flags of various descririons, to the place of
embarkation, bowing and smiling graciously
in recognition of the respectful and loyal greetings
of the spectators on either aide. She wag attired in
a figured lilac-muslin dress, a Carmelite cloak, and
a white bonnet, and carried a striped brown parrot
In immediate attendance upon the Queen were,
besides the Secretary of State for Foreign Affairs
(the Earl of Malmesbury), Lady Macdonald, Lady
in Waiting; the Hon. Miss Cavendish, maid of
honour ; and Sir C. Phipps.
On the platform of the pier were assembled, ex-
pressly to receive her Majesty on her embarkation,
Colonel Eyre, Commandant of Chatham; Colonel
Sandham of the Royal Engineers, Colonel Park of
the Royal Marines, and Major Evans Gordon,
Brigade Major of the Royal Marine".
For some time before the Queen's ',nivel the
eommander of the Victoria and Albert, Captain the
Hon. J. Denman, had been carefully superintending
the soundings which were taken for the purpose of
ascertaining whether there was 'efficient water to ad-
mit of the yacht being brought alongside the pier. The
scarcity of water was partly obviated by the projection
of a long platform and brow, the latter being no
less than 20 feet long, constructed under the super-
intendence of Mr. Harding, of the Woolwich Dock-
yard. When the Queen arrived everything was
happily in readiness ; she therefore at once stepped
on board, and as she did so she was greeted with
prolonged cheers from the corporation and all in
the vicinity, and a salute from Tilbury Fort.
The scene presented at the moment of her
Majesty's embarkation was extremely beautiful.
The weather had become perfectly fine, and the sun
was shining cheerfully. A vast number of
vessels, with flags flying, were scattered about the
river, and a myriad of small boats studded the
water. Alongside, and within twenty or thirty yards
of the Victoria and Albert, was a Gravesend steamer,
with a number of persons on board who could com-
mand a view of the deck of the royal yacht,
including a loyal bugleman, who kept on playing
the National Anthem with a force and continuity of
breath which went far to give the lie to the Mar-
quis of Westmeath's declaration that the powers

of players on wind-instrument,: are boon exhausted.
An incident of considerable interest has yet
to be recorded. The Mayor having gone on
board, and been specially introduced by
the Earl of Malmesbury, had the honour of
presenting to her Majesty a souvenir to the Princess
Frederick William from the young ladies of Graves-
end who so gracefully received her Royal Highness
on her embarkation for the Continent. This memento
consisted of a beautifully-executed true lover's
knot, in water-colours, with the names of the fifty-
eight young ladies referred to, and was enclosed
in a RUSSIA leather case, having upon it a
suitable inscription, was most graciously ac-
cepted by her Majesty, who repeatedly opened the
case and examined the design, ultimately locking
the case sad putting the key into her pocket.
The oonveyanoe of the royal luggage occupied a
considerable time, and seemed, indeed, almost mter-
minable, no little amusement being created by the
agility with which Jack seized and carried off the
long array of portmanteaus, carpet-bags, &c.
Among those on board was Prince Leinigen,
whom we understood to hold the honorary command
of the Victoria and Albert. We also observed
Captain Shepherd, the commodore superintendent of
the dockyard, who has immediate charge of the
Thames under the Masters of the Trinity House.
The preparations for starting having been com-
pleted, the royal yacht commenced musing at
three minutes past 10, and within five minutes after
she had fairly left the shore, and was steam-
ing rapidly down the river, against the tide.
The spectators cheered enthusiastically as her
Majesty commenced her voyage, and the salut-s
from Trinity Fort were renewed.
Immediately before the vessel staeted Sir
Charles Phipps came on shore, and requested
Colonel Eyre to telegraph the time of the
Queen's departure to the Pr inoess Alice, at Osborne,
the Duchess of Kent, at Avergeldie, the Prince of
Wales, at Richmond-pr-k, end the Princess Fre-
derick William.

The day was observed as a general holiday, nu-
merous amusements having been provided, including
regattas for various prizes. The first match was a
pair oared race in six heats, and a four-oared race
was also to take place.
A grand concert and ball, in honour of the event,
was held at the Assembly Rooms, and the coipo-
ration engaged Mr. Darby to give a grand dis-
play of fireworks in the evening, from a lighter
moored in the river.

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