The Express.
London, England, 1859-12-10 00:00:00

THOMAS DB QUDICEY.

A ROYLL ROOMS, Windmill-stmt.—Oland
Grail—Oral! =MY I MIN% with Ur esisbasad
sukalabei lasasrlsalsl 4 Ilona Lamotaa. Pel•elpal
Onsasal, KS% ILY. MYwt lls- spot M ball 44 mamma
Y I; dm. • is sinus Ws-all kaahlealaL Ohs Wiliam

MLR BROW.—The LONDON PAVILION,
mtet.—A ORAN D 00110 1111? MIST
PS% lig anima@am Ti
Maria 00•11111110119
. IN(trlidostf IIL **maga Abu. tad WM

THE LONDON PAVILION, Tlchbonwatrent,
akDoVratillierb...,:"..z.i•etnralr
00N 01111 T. Aftiolos istrulasst **Ay ea—teaks. the"
I. flolinst. a&

ADELAIDE GALLERY, Lowther-Aroade,
Nrospd. NHM tar PIikOTION. Wows,
UMI W. Tie kkw*OWO k Load" raft WO fist

DR. KAHN'S MAGNIFICRNT ANATOMICAL
MUSEUM. tap et the Haymarket looksolflodsol by 100 stole
II the hens to te the most useful and testi...leave o? say fu oilstones).
,oeNN DAILt for Gentlemen only. from 1711116. sod from 7WI 10.
04omoloo, 00.0 011110 no. lkocrlpt/r• 11.0bonksogradr. Dr.
31tra
.7=r lactsres. on tpits:.;_lrlosocsp,tiofut , I ;It!. t ila
emesse—Y V EY imalssesisek Ms results—Disco:od.
oodor kr 100otlagoorl Ink omo—flllo Pladokoly of Reproduction
—Sit Illoulf•—ftsfdts as 4 lit eamo—alow to noon Moral
of7d fw si. a ve. Train oh lb* shim of 100 by wake" Th. Phi
trooky of psi tow on reoulpi or u 76,000 &rot fn.
the Alltille, 17. oussindlireows. M.

'DAR/W.—THIS DAY (Saturday), Dec. 10, at
LW Anna dating danoat. Prataoar-piaan Bryandomoo=oz
amens at I p.m Ovate
*woeties% amd Gamow and
=Anon asorattal woo : Itnerved amen Oalmaa
monad wait. 10t.• Wad la—Tieliata sea its and man
Konrad at Itindooka *alai Lltaary. Boad-ttnat. and at do Mina
8.10

ACURIOSITY in TEA.—SOUCHONO of •
bodnitink tllaCHAlrroatilsCoe.9.l7l24, CLAM. Ltrvag.:f.
STRACHAN sad Co. an ail thole nomad/id Waft Tau oo 30. Id..
"add, sad fa to.

'FHB BEST and CHEAPEST TE tS and
0017111•11• INOLLIND ere at an Nue to be obtained of
PHILLIPS ral Ora. TIS llonarmr• Aft Willseorreeet. Oar.
lorrioa. Gooldreer =ha Greve Teta. H. MI, b. IL,H.
Leek Id. rib Ilearion T. fa b. lat. and IL Tee WI
market be vibe at Oa oroa ramble. tree to any Nodes or
we la liadard. £ eller rurreet tree. rierarela Meta realm

RSUM'S HOMEOPATHIC COCOA
.ts bowed Os biet.—Peepwril sad Mil /746DR1L10
IM 4. Grasedmardminet. Lanka.

rg,IART FRUITS in bottles, 10s. per dozen, viz.,
A. mama. taa... Inneeda nisant napherda. cornea
esontertlet k; premne. 10. per dorm sanontea Brea
sunset Jena ner With neat_ pnrt nada.,
Week esanstjeat sise metes menttlsee mean sal
• per dons; enadased sod slan noun fruit. anise tte.
mgalss Y ensign gat jinn. sedan led a tarps. arm-
ben. an...let sad Leen resseck Yon hem; la. et
WA
JI WS. E. Juessearea mar d Ten dna, at. Jana.
am.

MUFFINS AND CRUMPRTS.-IV. HORTON,
far 14 Fun to Aaltup Sample bar, bass to Worn Ida our
tames that be has Was presalaso, 13, festeriane, rho"
sow, wean, foram a up irsUn Mona, It ardl It ambled to
DUPVLIC nal Klti4, IiOTF,L and GUINISHOUISE KISEPERS ia
my par{ at Leedom and suburb,, ottli a trial's article on ramonat4
win JIM easnary enitfr ausalad with prontralinda and dsaladak

OYSTERS.—The beet NATIVES, 6.. per barrel.
MIL POULTILY, 00ill of ewry de•wfrolea.—
TUOKILIVII DIVOMMI4II PROVIdluPil WARI6.I4IOMIK. nd awl
SP, IM. d. W.O. llesbiltwd WM.

TOO PEN AN OYSTER without trouble, out-
STEMI7IWI.IIII'II73IThLt Oftigil mat 4 uPr.:IB, by ilak
olaratea mat etedsen enter IN anew' with ranting balke—
r, sem lbe malt awkward preetatener la .too trade try sawn
dreal earalleara. Prise at Aouta tO whose a
elleareon me a seda TM palate o. We Mme) rase.
nesaall ray the Nova liatyrarlacs 0134 prior cran. P.o•o*
• nig el bernalea Y re@peettally eolaltaL—Jaellia 11A111.0M,
layealler,_lleasiestunr, sad Patentee. 14. Mat Wllauseareet,
Narks Mean. balabllthed 11*

B W 8008 8, at 2d. to the is. dim:aunt.
PISAIIION and COlt (RIPPLY all BOOKS at the above dip
count. cud 'unapt ":tom the but copyright cod Woo edition Caw
hosed aad prapectee es receipt of Id. stamp. Canary onion euentol
on tactic" et a recalcance —PLILLSON cud BOY. 33 waded. Itl.bep►
vac WIMML

NO CHARDS MADE for STAMPING PAPER
W UPI V SLOPSI with AIMS. eaxar. or INITIALS.—
SODSIQUIIr ooportor entoorlobt MOM-, SDI VSLOSIO, od. per III;
crooriold noir. lOU Oro, Iwo odor foe dd.; Writ AY% Sr. sorra ter
to •ropirSoo per roan; tomcat paper. 4. Id.
watromo claim WItUDISGI SIMI:LOP)," INVITATIONS
to the UILIIIiMUS Ir. DIU SWISS. sod SALL PRINTILD sod
CtrTASRD- IN
In SILVIS. writ Salad or 011,W1/. the Wort (silos.
CAPLATS KLAIIITLI
It
CI SIM D to 4ord.—OhortoNto BOSSY Root it•Uti
t.t.0.,t000 o embark...et. 41. SIuVA 1 ILL t.2doore hos Iletvllloot

^ TM Wes of of Llres has Test Se Tem.--
ALL THE YEAH ROUND,a
Comforted by CZ4II/11 Dicatge,
Prim Id,
MAW= the Vint Part el &Nem Deriel dem. WAS
TUN WOMAN IN WOLTZ.
*Wain ODIUM

Os Tomer Dia MINE vehlthed. wen 4t.
UN SAWMILL) HOUV
Ramble the ChTleessa Doubts Member NAT the Tear Roved.

Odave,
STATE PAPERS sad CORRESPONDENCE,
lastaiiive of the Pot tioil au 1 doe & 8%0 of Znr.to frnm the
Iseelnik. le the Aamics ef the Hies of 0. mover. bdtk4 wttb
Mn.ool arbkl hot.. by J. lilts:ma, IL A.
Larks : Jam W. Parker Y 1 doe. West Piracki.

(From the Daily News.)
Thomas De Quincey died at Edinburgh on Thurs-
day, Dec. 8, at 10 o'clock am., in his 75tb year.
In noticing, on the occasion of his departure from
us, the life and character of De Quinoey, none of the
doubt and hesitation occur which render the task
generally embarrassing as to what to communicate
to the public and what to suppress. The " English
Opium Eater" has himself told publicly, through-
out a period of between 30 and 40 years, whatever
is known about him to anybody ; and, in sketching
the events of his life, the recorder has little more to
do than to indicate facts which may be found
fully expanded in Mr. De Quincey's " Con-
fessions of an Opium Eater," and " Auto-
biographic Sketches. The business which he has
in fact left for others to do is that which, in spite of
obvious impossibility, he was inceseantly endeavour-
ing to do himself; that of analysing and forming a
representation and judgment of his mind, and of his
life as moulded by his mind. The most intense
metaphysician of a time remarkable for the pre-
dominance of metaphysical modes of thought, he
was u completely unaware as smaller men of his
mental habits that in his perpetual self-study and
analysis he was never approaching the truth, for
the simple reason that he was not even within
ken of the necessary point of view. " I," he
says, "whose disease it was to meditate too much,
and to observe too little." And the description was
a true one, es far as it went. And the completion of
the description was one which he could never have
himself arrived at. It must, we think, be concluded
of De Quinoey that he was the most remarkable in-
stance in his time of a more than abnormal, of an
artificial condition of body and mind—a characterisa-
tion which he must necessarily be the last man to
conceive of. To understand this, it is necessary to
gloms at the events of his life. The briefest notice
will suffice, as they are within the reach of all, as
related in his own hooks.
Thomas De Quinosy was the son of a merchant
engaged in foreign commerce, and wee born at
Manchester in 1788. He was one of eight children,
of whom no more than six were ever living at once, I
and several of whom died in infancy. The survivors
were reared in a country borne, the incidents of
which, when of a kind to excite emotion, impressed
themselves on this singular child's memory from •
very early age. We have known only two instances,
in a rather wide experience of life, of persons die.
tinctly remembering so far back as a year and half
old. This was De Quincey's age when three deaths
happened in the family, whir* he remembered,
not by tradition, but by his own contemporary emo-
tion,. A sister of three-and-a-half died ; and he was
perplexed by her disappearance, and terrified by the
household whisper that she had been ill-used, just
before her death, by a servant. A grandmother died
about the same time, leaving little impreseion, be
cause she had been little seen. The other death was
of a beloved kingfisher, bye doleful accident. When
the boy was five he lost his playfellow, and, as he
says, intellectual guide—his sister Elizabeth, eight
years old, dying of hydrocephalus, after manifesting
an intellectual power which the irlorn brother re-
called with admiration and wonder for life. The
impression was undoubtedly genuine • but it is
impossible to read the "Autobiographical Sketch"
in which the death and funeral of the child are
described without peroeivkg that the writer referred
back to the period he was describing with emotions
and reflex sensations which arose in him, and fell from
the pen at the moment. His father meantime was
residing abroad, year after year, as a condition of
his living at all •, and he died of pulmonary con-
sumption before Thomas was seven years old. The
elder brother, then twelve, was obviously too eccen-
tric for home management, if not for all control ; and
looking no further than these constitutional cues,
we are warranted in concluding that the Opium
Ester entered life under peculiar and unfavourable
I condition'.
He passed through a succession of schools, and
was distinguished by his eminent knowledge of
Greek. At fifteen he was pointed out by his muter
(himself a ripe scholar) to a stranger in the remark-
able words, "That boy could harangue an Athenian
mob better than you or I could address an English
one." And it was not only the Greek, we imagine,
but must have been the eloquence too that was
included in this praise. In this, as in the subtlety
of the analytical power (so strangely mistaken for
entire intellectual supremacy in our day), De Quinoey
must have strongly resembled Coleridge. Both
were fine Grecians, charming discoursers, eminent
opium-takers, magnificent dreamers and seers,
large in their promises, and helpless in
their failure of performance. De Quincey set
his heart upon going to college earlier than his
guardians thought proper; and, on his being dis-
appointed in this matter, he ran away from his
tutor's house, nod was lost for several mouths—
first in Wales, and afterwards in London. lie was
then sixteen. His whole life presents no more re-
markable evidence of hie constant absorption in
introspection than the fact that while tortured with
hunger in the streets of London for many weeks, and
sleeping (or rather lying awoke with cold and
hunger) on the floor of an empty house, it never
once occurred to him to earn money. As a classical
corrector of the press, and in other ways, be might
no doubt have obtained employment ; but it was not
till afterwards asked why he did not, that the idea
ever entered his mind. How he starved, how be
would have died but fora glass of spiced wine
in the middle of the sight on some steps in
Soho-square, the Opium Eater told all the world
above thirty years since ; and also, of his entering
college; of the love of wine generated by the comfort
it had yielded in his days of starvation ; and again,
of the disorder of the functions of the stomach which
naturally followed, and the resort to opium u a
»fuge from the palm. It is to be feared that the
description given in those extraordinary "Confes-
sions" has acted more strongly in tempting young
people to seek the eight years' pleasures he derived
from laudanum than that of his subsequent torments
in deterring them. There was no one to present to
them the consideration that the peculiar organisation
of De Quincey, and his bitter sufferings, might well
make a recourse to opium a different thing to him
and to anybody else. The quality of his mind, and
the exhausted state of his body, enhanced to him the
enjoyments which he called " divine," whereas
there is no doubt of the miserable pain by which
men of all constitutions have to expiate a habitual

r
TwrzLLECTUAI: ItriOCATION and its
INTLUIINeII en tts anatucTEß sad 11APPINF191 et
W 4.1111111. 10 Sum Ssmaim
10 the ieso• Antis/. tep.ll.e.
WWI' MOULD Wll 1.11.111/1 / Mart Lectern dammed te Weed&
Lamar: Jells W. Pecker awl dos. Wet deesal.

Foob Oftivorttli Frentl•plons. New 4a.
THE CHRISTMAS TREE, sod other TALKS.
Arord tram tie ORM. by napes lamina
Imam: Jobe M. beim sal Br" Weft arse.l.

Om
nIBEIERTATIONS sadMA,
DISCUSSIONS,
2.7 POLITICAL. PHILOSOPHICAL. and Li I iTOBACAL.
*dens Snare Mu.
Pr the nenas Aetbor,
THOCOHTS as PARLIAStiaIITAILY 111010E11. Second Edition.
it Stappement la. IL
011wh LISZETY. Sneed Iditko. Ta. Id.
PHINOIPLJIII et POLITICAL KOOSONT. Fourth Edition.
Seek Win
SYNTAX of LOGIC. PM* Edlldn. I wan th.
Leeks: Iran W. Park and Sen. Wen Strand.

TRY Say. N. Salaam, Nrstsel sad salArsed.4‘,
ON the STUDY a WORDS. By RICHARD
Carsssriz Timm. RD.. Dose et OW=faster.
Ry tbs maw AnNow,
• MRCP OLOSS•RY of INOLISII WORN U.ED POIHRILY
I. MOILS DIPPYRYST tram Them PRLSENt Mood
WNW& I.
IVIOLISLI • PAST sad PRORS?. Tosrat DMA. 49.
PROVERBS mil THEIR LESSONS. Pond% sdltSas. 3s.
Lesko : Jobs W. Postss sd Pos. West Su 4.

SLIMS I L INFLIMIIOI UrALTH MID DISCUS.
WD
Ma tree by ate 4 ter Ikertees Me"
FWD D PE; or, SLECTRICAL NERVOttB
10101 • UMW ter! Imismdad for dm spoil perusal of ell
SUSIObe km the Oros Oros of Norms mad 0W
fl
sed tbe Ablembey Mohr emertmom to *Mb
with Pssatiatl Ormsailsma ea the mat Carat's. *Mem,
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Time* .r re • • or Malawi born 'Arlan ernalieg
%easels@ mlllb Ore otemplkd trim Oh. Nairteak of •
Melissa Persaismer 1;Z cars' .taadia4
rolarmink
titft Irim=titm as It dr simmedsat'irair="eamtdstalk"'l"asels-
er IMPOMMON or Obi mesa obOrms tudlaatton it admits al bin
loss Mt the itkelelel Name ~Me ere W.W.1.: boo.
Mai Has the Mar laMa. Or Moo mtm tale Is place. and that Illtd.•
1"
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Om se OMmol
MIMI by Mark eterabilL sod of &I beoltertim

r-- -
$. ClZZATuthall LItOSOUGIII.IITatIPP W, am the Pantheon I indulgence in opium. It may or it may
R. C Lct/Ib,WELL, IrS.A:t. sot be thati others may, one or all,
it is
t. esurt. sos. cure the p mitres he experienced, but
usweasee, • 15.4ean5,i1.7417.1,1=•.,trge1jt.„1""• certain that every one must expiate his offence
JIM es eolith no. awl Uthfoel weft. thatlied against the laws of the human frame. And let it be
- OU ItS).LV NM.
'RN oo I A LauAny aWI ameerestm-du remembered that Ds Quillocy's excuse is is sioSolor
odes Dththee—opothea TICKI t4t as
am. Si his excess. Of the many who have emulated him
him la ••••1, go..t. II won, op.& mob: nualaL
To Inhale( Moak NS., shin . *oft aratitshas Wes IlDiejllllll4 there can hardly hare been one whams

stomach had been well nign destroyed by months of
incessant, cruel hunger.
This event of hie life—his resort to opium—ab-
sorbed all the rest. There is little more to tell in
the way of incident. His existence was thenceforth
a series of dreams, undergone in different places—
now at college and mow in a Westmoreland cottage,
with a gentle suffering wife by his side, striving to
minister to a need which was beyond the reach of
nursing. He could amuse his predominant faculties
by reading metaphysical philosophy, and analytical
reasoning on any subject ; and by elaborating endless
analyses and reasonings of his own, which he had
not energy to embody. Occasionally the torpor
encroached even oa his predominant faculties; and
then he roused himself to overcome the habit—
underwent fearful suffering in the weaning—began
to enjoy the vital happiness of temperance and
health ; and then—fell back again.
Daring a long course of years De Qaincey went
on dreaming always—sometimes scheming works of
high value and great efficacy which were never to
exist; promising largely to booksellers and others,
and failing through a weakness so clasp-mated that

it should have prevented his making say promises.
When his three daughters were grown up, and his
wife was; dead, he lived in a pleasant cottage at
Lasewade, near Edinburgh—well known by name
to those who have never seen its beauties, se the

scene of Scott's early married fife and fleet
greet achievements in literature. There, while the
family fortunes were expreasly made contingent on
his abstinence from his drug, De Quincey did ab-
stain, or observe moderation. His flow of conver-
sation was then the delight of old acquaintance and
admiring strangere, who came to hear the charmer,
and to receive the impression, which could never be
lost, of the singular figure and maintenance and the
finely modulated voice, which were like nothing else
in the world.

OLOCIONSTIR ELECTION COMMISSION.

Tha commissioners met yesterday at No. 8,
Fhadyer-street. On the hut OCC4SIOU they adjourned in con-
sequence of the absence of Mr. Julian Bernard, who was
matted to have been

Dr. &now, of Henrietta-street, Covent-garden, now ap-
peared before the ontamissloners, and stated that he was la
attendance upon Mr. Barnard, but that he was too
111 le attend. He made an effort to get out of bed that morn-
in, being anxious to appear before the commissioners, bat he
fell bark exhausted. Mr. Bernard eonld certainly sot attend
before to days, and it was imp ruble to say that he would
be able to do ao then.

-liii:Vangial27-I; tut owe we can only adjourn for some
doe.

Mr. Nicol, late member for Fronts, said he appeared before
Ws commissloners in coniequenco of what had been stated
by a witness at the previous meeting of the oammission with
regard to the last election for From..
Mr. Vaughan—That does not come within the province of
oar Jurisdiction. The allusion to From arose quite sod-
dentally in consequence of a statement made by a man maned
Richard Thompson, and respecting which we thought it no-
seamy to pin a question to Mr. Rose.
Yiumerald—l think the only name mentioned by Mr.
Roos was that of Crutwell, and there was nothing to lead the
or the public to suppose that you were at ap

alluded to.

Mr. Nicol-11r. Roes raid he thought a " trap" had buss
laid for him. Now, he hed two witoemea to prove that Dlr.
Rose was in commiusioation with Croswell through Thump-
atm.

Mr. Vaughan said they could not go into that matter. If
they did, they might hese to Inquire into all the elections of
the kingdom. It Mr. Nicol had anything to explain, then
were public organs to which he tnigbt appal.
The commission was then adjourned to Wednesday, but
on that day they will mast to consider than report only.

THE MILE MOVZHENT lli iIiTIT.

On Wednesday evening a meeting was held in the
Victoria Saloon, Si. Relieve, Jateey. to remote the forma-
tion of • ride corps In that Wand. The meeting, ',bleb sr
densely crowded, was ',resided over by P. Anent, Seq.,
constable of St. Helier*. _ _

The Very Rev. the I)rmr moved the first resolution MI
follows: " That this meeting views with an anxious and
mournful feeling the armaments which are being made in all
parts of Europa, as these atmenents tend to provoke wa-
nton which are =celled for, which Christianity forbids, sod
which cannot but arrest the {merest. of civilisation, and add
to the already heavy burdens of the peoples of aU countries."
The Rev. EMMA/J.O BRALM lIMICIMIOCI the resolutket,
which was earned mush:mealy.
WILLILM JOHNSTON, Emi., moved the next resolution,
which was as follows That this meeting has no doubt
that some of the continental armaments have been prompted
' by a feeling of hostility to, and envy of, Great Britain, and a
desire to humble and Injure her. That this meeting there-
fore applauds the spirts which Its fellow-subjects of the
mother-country are oisploying in promptly forming volun-
teer corps for the peat-cute' 01 their commerce end their in-
terests., end the possibly eventual defence of their liberties
end their homes. And that it folly concurs with the meetings
which have been hold in all parts of the kingdom, in the
opinion that If, as undoubtedly is the are, the peace of the
world sod the honour and interest. of Boglud are endan-
gered, the host means of averting the due: is by firmly,
unanimously, and practically preparing to meet IL"
This resolution was seconded by Mr. Da Gerona., madame
carried unanimously.
J. N. WESTAMAY, B.eq. then read the third resolution
as fellows That the inhabitants of Jersey ere acetone
that the island shell make prudential preparation., so as to
be ready to take on honourable part in any eventual draggle;
end. that a petition be addressed to the mates of the Wand,
praying them to improve end perfect the blend defences; to
authorise and legalire the enrolment of Me Volanteers;
and to order the creation of • Reserve or Coast Battery Ser-
vice, to which all persons wbo hem not served, or who have
maned to serve, in the Militia, who are not enrolled in the
Volunteers, and who are still able to bear arms, shall be at-
tacked, which corps shell act u auxiliaries to the existing
honorary militia of the island."
Mr. 0. B. EVANS seconded the reectlntion, which was car-
ried unanimously.
A petition to the states, that measures should be taken for
the formation of a rifle corps, wee elm adopted tinulmously.
—From the Jersey independent.

DEECTT-LIIIIITENANTIL—Commissions signed by
the Lord Lieutenent of the county of Argyll :—The Moot
Noble the Marquis of Saliabery, H.G.; the Right Hon. the
Earl of Morton; Sir Archibald Islay Campbell, Bart. ; Sir
Amite Campbell, Bart.; John Malcolm, Req.; Donald
Maclaine. Esq. ; Alexander Modesty Esq. ; Richard Den.
eleven Campbell, Earl.; Charles Morrison, Esq.; Archibald
Douglas, Esq.; Archibald Campbell, Esq. ; Akrander
Struthers Finley, Beg., M.P.; Colin George Campbell,
Esq.; Colonel 'I home. Hall; Ceptain 8. M. &Magner ;
Robert Mac Pie, Esq.; Duncan ethipbell, Esq.; Donald Pa-
trick Campbell, Esq.; Thome. William Murray Allen, Ewa.
John Campbell, Emq.; James Forsyth, Esq.; Farquhar
Campbell, Req.; James Dolgl.ish, H.q.—Casette.
SMITHFIELD CLUB CATTLE SHCOV.—The Smith-
field Club conk show closed bat evening at ten o'clock, and
although the number of visitors who visited the
show during the day by no means equalled any one of its
three previous days, it was quite on an average In
point of numbers with the hat day of any
ereording show. An inthremion has got abroad
that the present will be the lest year of the show
being held at the Baker-street Bazar; but this is a mistake.
The lease of the dub from Mr. Boehm's, the proprietor of
the Bazaar, doe* not expire till Christmas, 1862, comma
quently, even ruppoeing the club to be at all removed to
some other plaice, such removal will not take place till 1863.
The rale* of the prize cattle were nearly all concluded op to
Thureday night, and yesterday there were but very few epee
amens remsoniog unsold. It is believed that the Meeker.'
medal for purchase of the largest number of animate will this
year be obtained by Mr. Eine, of Paddington-street.
MUTUAL AID SOCIETIES IN FIANCE. —A Paris
correspondent of La Nord says :—An official document,
about to be published by the Minister of Algeria and the
Colonies, gives souls intereeting details respecting the Mutual
Aid Societies in Algeria. They are twenty in number. and
three hare applied for their definitive constitution. In the
department of Algiers there are twelve societies, four of
teldott em in Alders itself, the others being at Dona's, Sli-
dell, Tense, Orleansville, Bouffarick, Medeah, Milianah, and
Cherchell. In the departures rof Oran three societies aria—
at Oran, Ilcotaganem and Tlemcen. Lastly, in the depart-
ment of Constantine there are rive, two being at Constantine
and the other three at Bone, Phitlpparille and La Calle. In
1867 the charities for mutual succour, in France, relieved
188,943 doh persons. 93,163 of whom were men and 15,780
women, who in all received under the name of pecuniary in-
demnities the sum of 2,348,602 E, representing 2,126,800 days
of illness. At that period the total number of the meow
bus amounted to 470314, The reserve fund of these societies
erns 18,897.920 f. la 1850 the Emperor, atrial time President,
inaugurated the general audit of the Lyons' workmen is elk.
After the sitting, they presented to him the register of the
tlellbsrations either club, and he wrote in it these words :
*No more poverty for the Mar workman, nor for him whom
old age has condemned to rest." This phrase may serve as
programme for all the mutual aid socasthe.