The Express.
London, England, 1856-09-13 00:00:00

AFFAIRS OF THE UNITED STATES.

(PROM OUR SPECIAL

NEW YORK, Acucar 30.
Both Houses of Congress are still in session, nor is
there any immediate prospect of adjournment. The
House of Representatives stands firmly to its first
decision, and through every variety of form known
to parliaments carries its slender but undaunted
majority. The Senate declares its determination to
protract the session till the latest hour of its consti-
tutional existence, rather than bend to the lower
house. The sympathies of the great mass of the
people in the. Free States are with the House of
Representatives in their manly, dignified, and inde-
pendent course. They are justified in withholding
the army appropriation from the President, unless he
is deprived of all power to send soldiers into Kansas
to sustain the Border Ruffians: and the Free State
men say that if, in consequence of withholding the
appropriation for the year, our array is disbanded,
Mr. Pierce and his friends must shoulder the respon-
sibility. They can unlock the Treasury in one minute.
It is alleged with irresistible force, that if Mr.
Pierce does not inteed to force slavery into Kansas
by means of United States muskets and cannon, then
the proviso can do no harm ' • while if I e does, he
ought to have no grmy at his command. But it is
true beyond all doubt that be has used all his dispo-
sable military force hitherto in driving the Free State
settlers from Kansas, and helping Border Ruffians in.
It is true that he is directly responsible for bringing
upon that devoted territory a bloody civil war; and
it is just as universally believed that if he has the
power he will continue to use it for the same infamous
purposes. The only way to arrest him in this san-
guinary course is to stop the army supplies. Better,
say the Free State men, disband tlh army of 10,000 or
16.000 men whose services are of doubttol utility, on
the whole, than to use these men and these 16,000,000
dollars in the unhallowed work of forcing slavery into
the soil of freedom. This is a plain statement of the
argument, without gloss or vsruish. Hence the firm-
ness with which Mr. Banks's small majority persist in
their first course.

The arrival of the Illinois yesterday with the Cali-
fortis mails up to the ,sth brings us full details of the
late scenes of violence which have been enacted in San
Francisco. The Vigilance Committee has transported
some 20 of the most desperate character, that
infested that city, hanged two murderer',
and declared itself en permanence. Judge Terry
was still retained in the hands of the committee, who
do not contemplate his immediate release. The sub-
ject came up for the consideration of the Senate
yesterday at Washington, and it we. argued that
ledge Terry being an officer of the United States
District Court, Congress could with propriety inter-
fere for hie liberation. This would all do very, well
at any other time, but now the expniment will not
probably be tried. The people of San Francisco found

their city under the control of a set of murderers and
blacklegs. There was no smithy for liberty, life, or
property. They sought relief in the only way left,
lifter having exhausted all other resources, and they
achieved a revolution and put all power into the
hands of • committee of public safety. All good
citizens united in the movement ; the men chosen to
rale the city enjoyed the entire confidence of their
fellow-citizens; their acts have all been approved of;
perfect order reigns in Sae Francisco, and the world
will justify what has been done.
A great deal of unnecessary alarm has been excited
at the exaggerated reports of the prevalence of yellow
fever at the quarantine of this port. That several
deaths have occurred in that locality and its imme-
diate neighbourhood from this malignant and terrible
malady is true, but this is by no means a new thing.
During the hot season we always have deaths trout
yellow fever at the quarantine eta•ion in the Bay of
New York. There have been more than usual this
season; but it is not believed that a single case of
yellow fever has yet occurred in New York or its
immediate environs, which embrace a million of
people. The disease is now, however, rapidly disap-
pearing even from the quarantine, and in a week
there will probably not be a single case in the
hospital.
Since the heated term broke up with copious
shower, which watered the whole country, we have
enjoyed • delicious atmosphere, and all the later
crops are coming in fully as well as the average of
the last five veers, and in many states with great
abundance. In spite of all that is said by alarmists
and speculators, the cotton crop will, beyond all
hszard, be a good one. Indian corn will be a ftir
crop everywhere, and through the whole north and
west abundant. The potato rot, which a few years
I ago had become alarmingly prevalent, has almost
entirely disappeared from the continent. This is
generally attributt dto the drought of 1854, which
extended from the most eastern of the Brhish pro-
Tilton to California and Oregon.
. The bondholders of Californian securities need feel
no alarm at the failure of Palmer, Cook, and Co. to
pay over the interest on the City and State Bond&
The State treasurer, on hearing the intelligence, im-
mediately made new arrangements honourable to
the State, and her credit will not antler by the de-
falcation of the banking house alluded to. The
money market of San Francisco was easy; the re.
wittance of gold and drafts on the eub.treasury of
New York 1,865,000 dollars. The Shippiny List of
San Francisco, after speaking of the general improve-
ment in business in California, says
The money market has pres:nted tew changes during the
fortnight on which to base an wended review. Rates
remain uncharged, end the demand has not very materially
increased, although towards the close we think we notice
somewhat more inquiry thou even the near approach of
steamer day would account for. There is an abund►ace of
capital here, u usual, at the disposal of those who have the
securities to offer for it, and rates are low enough, except
for such at are caught in a tight place, who of course have
to pay heavily for the privilege of being accommodated.
Bank rates remain unchanged—say 21 per cant., but this
discount is not at present so lsrgs es it should be to afford
proper fulfiller, to a community where so much credit in
gives as in oar own. The supply of dust from the interior
appears to be falling off quite con•iderably of late—more
so, in fact, than we had any reason to anticipate thus early
in the season. This has been caused, of cones., by the
failure of the inpply of water, not only in the natural but in
even the artificial rounds.
The followiog is a statement of the export of treasure for
the first seven months of the smut% year :
Reported previous to July 1 24,214.911 doll.
Shipment per J. L. Stephens, July 5 2010,841 „
Shipment per Golden Age, July 21 1,931,836 is
Other shipments in July

28 220,088 dab.

We have within a few days received much excit-
ing news from Kansas ; but we distrust all telegra-
phic despatches from that region. Everything of this
kind comes through Missouri, and the Border Ruf-
fians give to it a complexion to suit themselves. For
instance, four or five days ago the news came that
1,000 Free State men had met peewit, armed, at-
tacked and nearly destroyed Lecompton and other
strongholds of the Pierce ruffians, and made a"clean
sweep" of the territory. Hence we read a humble and
touching appeal for help, aid, arms, and men, to save
the friends of slavery—signed by Atchison, String-
fellow, and their fellow-ruffian'. But the simple
truth is out at last.
The ruffian, a few weeks ago intercepted a large
body of free state emigrants, stole most of their pro-
perty, took from them their arms and ammunition,
and compelled them to turn beck into a howling
wilderness with their wives and little ones. This
last achievement it was thought had wound up the
Free State party. But they recovered, and with
large reinforcements pressed oo ; and from the latest
accounts it appears that they have been vic•orious,
and it is hoped they are now strong enough to stand
their ground.
The news from Kansas is on the whole somewhat
more encouraging.

FOREIGN-OFFICE, SEPT. s.—The Queen has been
graciously pleated to eppnint Henry Adrian Churchill, Esq.,
C. 8., now third paid Attaché to her Majesty's Legation at
Tehran, to be her Majesty's Consul in B oats —Garette.
Cabs are about to be introduced into Malta. Mr:
Andrews, tbe ooachnialter, and mayor of Snithamolon, has
received an order fora number of them, to be rent as POW
as possible.
The open air preaching in Bishop Bonner's fields,
near Victoria Park, is to be continued to-morrow (Sunday),
on which occasion the Hey. William Deacon Long, M.A.
incumbent of St. Paul's Church, Bermondsey, will
officiate.
THE BRUSSELS FREF.TRADE CONGRESS.—Mr
Maher Gibson, M.P., has signified his intention of attend-
ling the sittings of the c ititrats B. &di-ord is to make •
very imp eing demonetratioo. The president of its Cham-
ber of Commerce, Mr Tittle Sait ; one of its parlism.ntery
reorestatatives, Mr. Henry Wickham; the secretary of the
Chamber, Mr. JAG Difiloglol2 ; together with one other
member of the Coembiir, Mr. Jacob Behrens, are to at-
tend. The Bantam Chamber of Commerce is to be repre-
sented by Mr. Thos. Studer, and declarations of a:Begirn
from rim lay quarten are pouriog in drill.—Mancherfer
Examiner.
THE WEST INDIA COMMAND.—We understand
that Rest Admiral Sir Houston Stewart, K.C.8., who is
now on his ;omega to Ecglaud in the Hannibal, will suc-
ceed to the North Aniericnn and West Indian c ionised in
November, at which time R•iar Admiral Fanshawe's period
of service will have aspired. Sr. Houston, it is b lieved,
wishes to cmtioue in toe Hannibal, but it is not probable
that the Admiralty will 1.114C100 the ompleyment of a screw
line-.f-battle ship on 'hat station w beet coal is lo very costly
a c ,1110204ity.— United Service GiVeCie.
The Mayor of Southampton will give • banquet to
the directors of the European and Australian Royal Mail
Company, prey ous t i the departure of their tint mill
steamship to Melbourne, in Victoria.
AUDIT OF FUBLIC ACCOUNTS.—The select com-
pathos apt oirt.d by the House of Comm- to to inquire into
she receipt, hone, and audit t f public mut ets in the Es-
chrquer, the Pay-office, and tt e Audit Department, have
published the suidet.• e taken t'olo,o IN al, but make no
report, in consiquence of tie importance and exn or of the
subject, the incomplee state of the inquiry, and the ad-
vanced period of the at intim. The Hight Hnn. Sir F. T.
1 Bating was cha man of the committee the first witnesa
lea mined wit Lord blontesetle, whine ersminatt. o occupied
I four entire sittings of the varmintr. His lordship woe
1 further :stained on three rtlCCMialf days by the committee.
Mr W. G. Anders a, pritci: al clerk to charge of the
&menial business of the T-esauty, was Plea warned at
great length by the committee. The ether witnesses ea-
Grained were Messrs. E. A. Hafer, C. Vine, E. Hominy, C.
Macaulay, H. T. D. Bathurst, and J. Hollirge. The evi-
dries of there wituesars me-unit... 148 rages, and there are
27 appendices which flit 3;0 payee more. Thee PIPIT'
relate to the Each( que and Pay., Mee, the C.lmmisiarist
Cheat aces net, the rammer t of loans, the exchange of
Enchequer Bide, the Paymaiter General's batman, reports
en the Commissioners of Audit, and other matters
relating to finance.
TILE KING OF THE SANDWICH ISLANDS was 0141.
elect at Honolulu on the 19. h of June to Miss Emus
Roobed.
THE RUSSIAN SUGAR BUTTER—The Russian go.
eminent has published a notice, making modifications in
the import duty on sugar of all kind., with the
in
pirat of
that made from beetroot. For refined saga in loaves •
duty of 5 enables ('he roohle ts 41r) the p.itail (*lined 16f
kilogrammes). is ealutitutail for the premona Pe h‘bonoel,
by all the frontiers except Odeva. eters it was admitted
en
changed. F . o rawr t
'I
s 3. es,
which duty
r vernal. 3 melees,
3 g
3 roubles 20 copnckr, and 3 roobles 60 clue:s, aceirdb.
to the place of importat ice, le replac d by a anitom one or
3 roubles copeck is with )Ti • shove change. ate
applterib'e to imports by nee,ose by land still re-
staining prohibited, except in the ktagdom of Tolosa.
FINLAND.—A letter from Wiborg, in Finland, d
the 29th silt , says:—" Ore of cite mesa emorrai eat-wises
ever undertaken in Einl.nrl. tl e construction of a moat
from Babas to Wiboeg, has j oat been terminated, after
twelve years' mei t.truptol Lehner, though Biotech had
which hit
lion with tbe Gulf of Pothnia. The length of It, including
the branches, is equal to a third of the total length of
wibirenrecathaelbriele.:Finstea"ct:ce7litilayeTerhsuistiOitg:e.minte:twde t'lct iltninsinead:
Finland.