The Express.
London, England, 1860-10-15 00:00:00

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LONDON, MONDAY. OCT. 15.

Tan the relations existing between Austria
and Italy are such that a war may win out of
them at any moment, is a fact of which no news-
paper reader can be ignorant. Still, since nothing
has suddenly happened to weaken those powerful
restraints which hold back the armies of both
countries within their own frontiers, we hardly
understand why a cry of alarm is now raised in this
country. The situation, as the French call it, is
so clear and obvious, that explanation may overlay
but cannot illustrate it. The irritation between
Austria and Italy is at its height. Italy, at the
moment of constituting herself a great nation, sees
herself cut off from Venice, without which her
existence cannot be either tranquil or complete.
Austria, exasperated before at the presump-
tion of the Italians in throwing off her ancient
yoke, now sees that their nation is on the
point of acquiring in unity and compactness a
strength, the find exercise of which must be for her
exclusion from the Peninsula. Now, on one side
we know not only what wisdom dictates, but also
what will be the effect of the passions excited.
The Government of Italy is responsible to
a Parliament sitting with open doors, and
Iron. the acts of that assembly we know
that the strong feelings of the Italians, in-
stead of being let loose in war, will be kept in
discipline. The Ministers of Vicroa
well knowing what they lose in popularity and how
open they lay themselves to the republican party,
resolve for the good of the entire country that no
attack shall be made on Venice. On the
other side we only know what is the wise
course. We know that Austria could not
take a more plainly suicidal step than
to go to war. We care not what
dreams of military success may be dreamed
at Vienna ; let them all be realised, let the Pied-
inonte.e be defeated, and the French into the
bargain, let Croat hordes range from the Po to
the Straits of Messina, the extension of victory
would be only the extension of insolvency and
ruin. Instead of one Venice there would be half
a dozen. The statesmen of Austria have learned
by this time that government by the sword does
not pay. Were the Government of Austria, like
that of Sardinia, answerable to the nation for its
acts, we might expect that these considerations
would be all-powerful to compel the Exrcaos to
resign himself to the spectacle of a free Italy, and
reser. e his forces for the defence of his own terri-
tory. But it is upon the capriciousness of
deapotism that Europe waits to know whether it
may fairly give itself to the labours and
engagements of peace, or must contract
its operations to the restrictions and dangers
of war. We have seen in our time that the
Emperor of Areretx is capable of spurning the
advice of his wisest counsellors, and, following his
headstrong impale" involving the empire in ex •
treme peril Still, the consequences of his wilful-
ness have been brought home to him in a manner
a* close and even personal, that it is impossible he
should have learned nothing by experience. Re•
verses have of late obliged him to listen to much
plain speaking ; and he knows the condition and
capabilities of his empire, and the temper of his
subj. eta, much better than when ho sent his ulti-
matum to Turin. He knows, too, that absolute
as he is, be will not be able to govern without
the active co-operation of men in whom the nation
has confidence, and such men will not humour
his military passion. If the extensive preparations
now in Venetia are not intended for de-
fence, at least their application will probably de-
pend on the result of the interview at Warsaw,
and we take leave to doubt altogether that the
Cxaa will advise his Imperial Brother to indulge
in war.

With dangers seen and unseen to conciliate, the
Italians boldly pursue the work of making their
country one. The opposition they have to en-
counter in the jealousy of the chiefs of the despotic
and arbitrary Governments of Europe is increas-
ing. It is stated that, with the exception of this
country, all the European Powers have signified
to the Court of Turin that they will not recognise
the til..ekade of Gaeta. The practical question,
however, is not who will recognise the blockade,
but wh will undertake to break it, if it should bo
procho ned f That France should concur in a no-
tificat; in of the, kinds not more remarkable than
that she should have withdrawn her ambeaeador
from Twin. Keeping up the series of formal dis-
avowal. of Sarilmian policy, it conveniently serves
a diplomatic end, and has the additional advan-
tage of leering Lore, NAPOLEON free to disapprove
of all that had been or may be done constructively
in S..iithern Italy, and turning the field to his
own iw-nunt. The article of hi. Boaursce in the
Come:' ra. I may hareamuch graver significance:
we 3,1111 nut, however, be guilty of the presumption
to stlipose we can pierce a mystery which bales
our Paris contemporaries, who should be better
judges of the matter. Certainly when a hack
writer of Loris NAPOLEON sits down to examine
with " ocruptdous impartiality " the "principle of
" thy: independence of regularly constituted anto-
" nornies," the result must be a rimy singular din-'
citation. We leave others then to interpret the alt.-
rior aim of If. BONIFACE or his master.
Toi• study of the character of Lot in NAPOLEON
has lung since been abandoned for all practical pur-
poeel; and a sensible titan would as soon think of
reading Dr. Colman on Prophecy as of reading a
spec illation founded on an analysis of the Em emote,'
=nal. There is only one remark, and that neither
philosophic nor profound, but strictly empirical,
we would just make. We believe we have seen
mometh.nglike this Boxiirscs trick before. Notonce
nor t a i..e, when a Mend whom it has been the policy
of the Ea PEtttoß to encourage has been rather hard