The Express.
London, England, 1860-01-11 00:00:00

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1101 WATILD •T LONDON RIUDOIL
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LONDON, WEDWBSDAT. lAN. 11.

TIE •Deelarat io• at lb* elation° Laity,* which
we lately published, is doing good. It is provoking
a reaction in favour of Catholic and English, as dis-
tinguished from Papist sad ultramontans principles.
Vltramoutane, indeed, is no longer a correct de-
scription of those tenets which are only found in
priestly colleges, in despotic courts, and in monastic
establishments beyond the Alps. Proclaimed on the
housetops in France or Ireland, they make a noise,
but do no bum. Cardinal WISEMAN can always
count upon the zeal of a few converts and the es-
thasiasm of a few fashionable penitents in his
diocese of Westminster, where his ring has not
yet lost its charm, and the purple robe impasse
on the imagination of the dilettanti. In Ireland,
where 1)r. CULLEN teaches astronomy, and whore
the history of the world as it is expounded ea

catlwdrd dates from the Battle of the Boyne, TIM(
rages sod DUBLIN loam, because the people of the
Roasegna have pronounced their own emancipation
from disabilities far move grievous than those against
which DANIEL O'Conwst.i. thucdered in the ears of
• British Parliament. The meek and lowly jester of
the searisty, M. LOUIS VIMILLOT, finds a congenial
interpreter in that professor of assassination by vitriol,
Mr. Joins Mrrcuci. Yet it would be monstrously
unjust to the great body of our ►oyal and intelligent
fellow-countrymen in the sister island to suppose
that a CANTWELL or a CULLEN represents the feeling
er the intelligence of Catholic Ireland. These tem-
pestuous prelates are well understood to speak from
the ene of a foreign prompter, and the part that is
est down for them in Latin they are apt to translate
ioto a somewhat extravagant Hibernian dialect.
In England of course Papal agitation is less voci-
ferous, though little lees illogical. In Clifford-
street it denounces the right of the Italian
Catholics to know their own wants, or to manage
their own affairs, and it contends that a
protectorate of foreign bayonets is indispensable
to the independence of the Holy See. This Declara-
tion rises to the dignity of a scuffle and a shout in
Hanover-square Rooms. Bet if we put all these
demeostrations together, and cast up the names of
their promoters, we ►hall hardly be justified in im-
puting to Our fellow-countrymen of the Catholic
Church the practical abjuration of their own dearly-
won liberties, which all this indiscriminate and in-
continent denunciation of the Catholics in Central
Italy so di.utrously involves. Happily, in a land
of unfettered speech and unlicensed printing,
reason and right are pretty sure to have the last
word, though bigotry and injustice have the first.
The Papal demonstrations have had it all their
own way for the last week or two; and a careless
observer might imagine that these stiff-necked
victims of emancipation were sighing for the bondage
of Egypt from which British legislation delivered
them, when they would fain, like the later Pharisees,
bind burdens upon the shoulders of their fellow
churchmen abroad which they would not Do much as
touch with a finger in their own free country. Yet
we think nothing to so remarkable in these meet-
ings and petitions as the obscurity of the speakers
and the scarcity of the signatures. A few names no
doubt have lent authority to the nameless crowd, but
if there was a Pattie on the side of Papal misrule.
there was a PETER on the side of justice to Italy.
If a Fettriteo sounded the alarm for ANTONELLI, a
Fieroat. echoed the protest of a D'Axtotto. The
address of a certain number of English Catholics to
Lord Patiteitsioe was any rate sot unworthy of
mee accustomed tu breathe a liberal and a tolerant
air; and now we have a Catholic gentleman
of deeply religious convictions and unexception-
able pabdic and private character stating is a
lager to as eminent oe-religioaist his reasons for

declining to put his tome to the " Deedaratios '

favour of the Wapiti power of the Pm.
Joss Bstiore's letter to Lord PRIM it
sash a letter as a bighssiedeeknd tsipsafentieea
Naglin gentlemen might have written when
England was Catholic, gad whoa Catholic Englishmen
IMOD so abetters et Pepsi supremacy. He takes the
" broad and isiellessible rind* of justice" as the
basis of his objesting to the principle " that the
inhabitants of the Papal demising stand ins dif-
" ferent position from the people of any other
" country, an are debarred from the right that has
a been practisally exceeded to all other nations, of
a changing or modifying their form of government
" wording to their own view of their necessities, or
" their political predilections." As a sincere church-
man, he feels " • great disinclination to any view
" which has a teadseey to confound the spiritual
a authority of the Holy Bee with the temporal
" power of the Porn;" and, "as a liberal English-
"man," he "cannot honestly avow any feeling of
" sympathy with • despotism, however naiads-
" tared ;" but above and before all he contends Sat
this question " ought, like others of the @nig
" kind, to be settled between the governs
a and the governed." We cannot but congratulate
our Catholic countrymen on this noble vindication.
It will relieve them from the harden and the Wpm
of a degrading complicity with the most blasphemes@
of despotisms. We say "blasphemous" advisedly.
Before us as we write is a Letter to Cardinal
Wlsne•x on the Pope, his Rights end Dense, by
a Catholic Layman.' In thirty brief but mas-
terly pages this writs: traces the origin, and
analyses the elements of the temporal power
of the Papacy. And what are his condo-
sions ? Mind, it is a sincere Catholic, professing
the deepest respect and reverence for the Hoed of
the Church, who was asked to subscribe the " Deals-
" ratioo." He takes enrage to submit the four
propositions eontained in that document to his own
amecienoe as a Catholic, and to kis own reason as a
free Englishman. He asks himself, and he asks the
CARDINAL, whether these propositions--condemning

the separation of the Romagna as "'energies dell
" order, authority, and government"—alarming the
temporal sovereignty to be the safeguard of the
spiritual power of the Papacy; demanding that any
change in the Papal Government should be left to
" the unfettered judgment and unquestioned bens.
" 'Gleam of the Poe'," and denouncing the rebel
lion of the Romagnol population as " ankle_
" tifiable"—whether these political, moral, and thee.
logical doctrines are in accordance with the peat,
not only uncensored, but much lauded, action of
British Roman Catholics; or " consistent with
" the teachings, or coodecive to the interests of the
"Roman Catholic church?" He cites BT. THOMAS
AQUINAS, who has written that "the kingdom is
"not made for the king, but the king for the king-
" dons ;" and he demands the production of any
Church authority, in the teeth of reason and
history, declaring that the existence of temporal
sovereignty is necessarily inseparable from the
Popedom, or that the authority of kings and other
governors is above question and beyond control.
Taking history to task, he shows that the origin of
the Port's temporal power was the discontent
and disaffection of the subjects of the En-
Paso" in consequence of his inability or
indisposition to discharge his duty by them. He
shows how the sovereignty of the Duchy of Rotas
laving been conferred by the people on GREGORY
that Pontiff sought the protection of Coast=
MARTEL, How Sterrett( IL, as exile in Francs,
sought the aid of the tamper PEPIN, and by that
King wee restored to Rome sad presented with
" the Rearchate of Ravenna, now the Romagna ;#
how, subsequently, Cninteensortx was " not elected
" Emperor by the Pope alone as the Head of the
" Church, bat by the Pope as the organ and repro-
" sentative of the Roman people:" how up to that
period " the Popes were elected by the citizens of
" Rome, laymen as well as emlesiastice—subject to
" the sanction of the Emperor ;" how the successors
of CHARLEMAGNE claimed the right of " exercising
• a direct power of nomination ;" how by a
decree of Mellows IL, " the powers of Emperor
and people were alike set aside, and the election
" of the Pope practically vested in the Conclave of
" Cardinals; " and how " thenceforward the tem-
" peal sovereign of Rome became an absolute
" monarch," and " subject to all the vicissitudes of
" a temporal sovereignty." The "Catholic Layman"
goes on to ask—and he confesses that "one blushes,
" e% en in the retirement of the study, to be obliged
" to answer this question in the nineteenth century"
—" whether there are any each things as reciprocal
" rights and duties between a people and their
" sovereign ?" He appeals to the history of Catholic
England for a reply : to the " Catholic Archbishop
" who was mainly instrumental in extorting from
"JOHN the great charter of English liberty ; "
" the Catholic Parliament" who framed the " Statute
" of Provisoes;" to the Catholic King EDWARD 11/,
who resisted the POPE., to whom the Eneeacm
and the French KING had submitted. He quotes
DANIEL O'CONNELL'S declaration—" I am sincerely
" a Catholic, bat I am not a Papist." He quotas
Mr. Som., who, in the House of Common., at the
time when Sir HAMILTON SEYMOUR had called the
attention of the Four Powers to the abuses in the
Roman States—distinguished "between the Italian
" potentate and the spiritual head of the Catholie
" Climate" And in anticipation of the Irish
grievances of Dr. Ceurer, he recalls the frot
that it was a POPE that sold the in-
dependence of Ireland to England for the sake
of Perii's pence. He supposes this sale to
have taken place in GEORGE the FOURTH'S time,
and DANIEL O'CONNELL to have denounced the
bargain. "On which side should the sympathies of
" Catholics be found ? Should they be directed to
" the Pore who lost his tribute, or to the people
" who preserved their freedom ? If that were our
" case, we should expect the sympathy seen of the
people of Rome ; and should we not do unto
" others as we would that men should do entails?'"
e What specialty, then," the " Catholic Layman"
asks, "remains in this Italian question which should
" distinguish it from that of any other people dims-
" tistied with the government under which they
" live ?" There is, indeed, a " specialty " which
gives the Italians a better right than Irishmen can
claim to decide it—the simple circumstence of its
being an Bahia question. The " Catholic Lay-
" man" sums up his argument in the following posi-
tions—That the temporal sovereignty of the POPE is
in no way essential to his spiritual power, and that
the latter is in feet entirely independent of it. That
as a temporal sovereign he is responsible to his sals.'
jects, like every other Christian sovereign, for the
just administration of his rule. That the people
the Romagna have equal rights with other people to
assert the redress of their own grievances, and that
the immutable principles of law and justice cannot
be made dependent upon the unfettered judgment
and unquestioned benevolence of any temporal
sovereign......." To contend that temporal ewe-
" relynty u essential to the existence of the giro.'eel
"power of the Pope is to commit this Chervil

• Th• Peppa• hi• Rights and Duties. A loiter to lila
&Biasses Cardinal Wiseman. By • Ciiihelle Layman.
Ridgway.

,If I,

—.aged the
Emily Seymour,
wog the Hon. B.
R.R., and Mr.
dlesitia
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Hee
timiNkitgessibi Elk., so, " .-m""
groom —ram nese •fg paeggaw " ..... riatt•
Mr katie p &Me bead perkeined in the Dubi-
n.= tits feliewhap, pima
rolos,;khrif lL"stinearrran whisks
Praia as Mr
The Qum. aesesurr Wed by irlite•; Lenhos, walked in
lb.
Holm 'test litin recesiag. end visited the Dubose of
Hat et r, swam
The Wines Ocelot, Andel by Kejor-Greed the Hon.
0. Gary and Liniment-0*os( Poneonby, went to London
W presided at • Trititag of the Nandi of tin Hertioultnraj
Meiji,', at South Heasiegten.
Ilse Prince el Weise went oat hunting, attended by biejor-
libieneri w Ilia. R. Drees end Captain Grey.
1 Prism Anse sad Prisms Hellas rode in the Riding-

Mr. Fisher left the Cade In the afternoon.
Visoreurt iceshenton and Lleatonant.Colaal F. Careodiah
have anectraded the Bart of Canners and Bear•Admtral the
Boa. Sir H. Kappa as Lord and Groan ha waiting to her
Majesty.

A Cabinet Council was held yesterd► afternoon
at the official residence of the First lard of the
Treasury, in Downing-street. It was ►ttended by
Viscount Palmerston, the Lord Chancellor, Earl
Granville, the Duke of Argyll, Sir 0. Cornwall
Lewis, Lord John Russell, the Duke of Newcastle,
the Right Hon. Sidney Herbert, Sir Charles Wood,
the Chancellor of the Exchequer, the Duke of
Somerset, the Right Hon. T. Milner Gibson, the
Earl of Elgin, the Right Hon. C. P. Villiers, and
the Right Hon. Edward Cardwell.

Viscount Pshoorsics arrived in London yesterday morn-
in the l
* Va met,
ag for BWindsor eroadlands,.ltite. His kiedahip left tows
The of Newestle arrived in town yetimday morning
from his seat, Clamber Park, Notts.
Sir Thomas Fremantle, Chairman of the Customs, had aa
interview with the Chancellor of the Exchequer yesterday,
at his official residence in Downing-street.
A deputation cm the Lansing 'latent had an interview
with the Right Hon. T. Milner Gibson yesterday, at the
oHce of the Beard of Trade. The deputation consisted of
Kenn. Reginald John Richardson and Edward Wynne
(Manchester), and Yr. John Robe= (Aahton-tuader-Lyna).
Despatches from the Governors of the North American
Provioosa end of Heligoland were received yesterday at the
Coionialsece.

The Duke and Duchess of Beaufort an receiving
empsay at Badminton.

Maria Marchioness of Allosbnry, accompanied by
the Hoe. Colonel and lire. Needonald, have left Badminton.
the sat of the Doke end Deaden of Beaufort, for Btrath-
lieldtge, Rants.

The Marquis of Aberoorn, who hu been paying a
twist visit to Ws sum fn Leland, will return to Brocket
Hall ta a Sew days.
The Earl and Comte= of Lichfield hare returned
to their residence In Britton-street, from visiting the Mar-
&lotion of Aberoorn at Breast Hail.

The Countess of Sefton and Lady Cecilia Moly-
no= Lays left town on • viat to the Earl sod Countess
Simmer at Altherp Park, Northamptonshire.
The Countess (Dowager) of Craven has arrived
is town on a vWt to the Bari sad Counties Craven, tem
Hamat•ad Marshall, Bats.
Viscount and Viscountess Valletort arrived in town
yesterday from visiting the Marquis awl Manlike's'
of Aberocen, at Brooket Hall. The noble viseosat sad
Macenatme will leave town to-day for Mount-Ildgenmhei
Devonaltim.

Lord Methuen arrived at the Pavilion Hotel,
Folkestone, on Monday.

Mr. and Mrs. Line Stephens have arrived at
fartlllon'a Clarendon Notal, from Lynford Hall, Brandon,
Norfolk.

Amongst the company at Brighton are Lady Rosa
GreyMr, the Marquis aid Marobionem of Normanby, Lady
Williams, Lord and Lady Shaftesbury, Lady Palusakumn, Sir
Williams Tophans, Lord mad Lady Granville, Genera
Ludlow, Sir John sad Lady Maxwell, Sir William Framer,
Bart., Mr. Pawnee, M.P., &o.
Mr. Charles Sharman Crawford has, in conse-
quence of ill-hesltb, resigned the office of poor-law inspector
in Ireland of the senior class. The salary attached to this
office is 7001. per annum, exclusive of an allowance while
in the Coda or It. per day and any summits Mooned in
travelling. Mr. Caner George Otwsy fs the only officer
now melanin of the demote which Mr. Crawford belonged.
Mr. Crawford (who is a sou of Mr. W. Sharman Crawford,
of Crawfordabon) is a barrister, having been called to the
her In 1839.

Mr. Roebuck, M.P., and Mr. H. Peue, M.P.,
h►ve promised to be present at the annual meeting of the
Middlesbrough Mechanice' Institute, to be held derbig the
present math.

•
lirioni,
IXPRESB, WEDNESDAY EVA JANU.
..- in " pmiseiple I *say." ATo dm* Ow* righteto -Cu lseurr.
I. sir " his ruitid is to blaspheme: as Popi as . tyrant:*
.—•—•
is jut Hair, 0! email'. It is lilt s Plelestalld hands.
.-1111EDICrit cAsTLZ, mations fist a " WWII ImTnateldes alma* snit "4" Hor Helealligginse Party yesterday lal
bill all 'only mistaken if all his fellow-Catholicomto hare prim, of Way., th, pd, cm, ,Ace. Lady Eva
Rehm= English hearts in their bosoms will not, like this was Bereeer, Sir jams cak. m.o,„ni
itat the Catholic Layman," entices proud of their faith, bat Bruce, captain Grey, Hey,* globiateas, GA
as the " still foithfal to liberty." Flaw. who arrived la tin dissmaa kem Wort
. . .