The Express.
London, England, 1859-11-08 00:00:00

THE EXPRESS, TUESDAY EVENING, NOVEMBER 8. 1859.

LATEST INTELLIGENCE.

CENTRAL ITALY.
ELECTION OF A REGENT.
BOLOGNA, MONDAY EIMNINO.

The National Assembly of the Remain°ls has
unanimously voted the regency of Man Carignan,
and has invested him with full powers.

MODENA, MONDAY.

The Assemblies of Parma and Modena, convoked
yesterday, determined unanimously on electing
Prince Carignan as R.gent.

THE TREATY OF PEACE.
the following telegrams have been received at
Mr. Reuter'e office :

ZURICH, Nov. 7.
In consequence of a fresh incident occurring in
the settlement of the financial question, the
signing of the treaty of peace has been deferred for
several days.

BERLIN, Nov.B.
It is stated, on reliable authority, that, at the in-
terview held at Breslau. the Emperor of Russia and
the Prince Regent of Prussia have determined not
to consent to a revision of the treaty of 1816, nor to
take part in any congress in which England would
not be represented; the last resolution being pro-
posed by Prussia.

THE GERMANIC CONFEDERATION.
CASSEL, Nov. 7.
The Elector has refused to receive the address of
the Chamber of Deputies concerning the re-establish-
ment of the constitution of 1831.

To-morrow the Second Chamber will par farther
resolutions probably to forward an address to the
Federal Diet

EXPRESS FROM PARIS.

MOW OITEL OWN 001

PARIS, MONDAY EYINING.

The Patric of this evening announces that the
two final instruments of peace were paraptied at
Zurich yesterday, and were signed by the three
plenipotentiaries to-day.
As to the congress, the latest news is the telegraphic
summary of the contents of the London journals
of this morning, which the Praise construes as
showing that the " adhesion of England is some-
what less certain than was supposed." The Pays
and Patrie, however, say with one voice that the
meeting of a congress in which England will take
part '• appears" to be beyond a doubt. Bat as to the
conditions to which England will @aunt, they are re-
duced to repeat the various conjectures of the German
press. It is said very confidently to-night in foreign
office circles that the Congress will not be held at
Brussels, but at Paris, au arrangement which would
confer tie presidency upon Count Walewski, and
be considered as additional evidence of the great
political influence of France in Europe. There is a
great talk of the revision of the treaties of 1816, of
• reopening of the Eutsrn question, of the annexa-
tion of Savoy to France, and in short of everything
but a practical plan for securing the peace, happi-
ness, and rights of Italy, which is the one matter
really pressing.
It seems certain that the King of Sardinia has
answered the French Emperor's letter, and one
cannot but wonder that his reply should not be
made public. You will have seen a single sentence
reported by the Diritto of Turin. It is now said
here that the King tells the Emperor that he cannot
adhere in the congress to the policy of France
touching the restoration of the deposed dynasties;
but he will promise not to give any armed aid to
Central Italy so long as there is no military inter-
vention there by any other power.
The Emperor is coming to Paris to-morrow from
Compiegne to pay a visit of ceremony to the Grand
Duchess Marie of Russia, at the Hotel du Louvre.

Inconsequence, says a paragraph in the French
journals, of the " new interests" of France in the
Red Sea, the Emperor's government has decided that
a permanent charge d'affaires shall be accredited to
the King of Abyssinia, and shall reside at Gondar.
The Bourse has not been so good u on Saturday.
A little hesitation at the opening was ascribed to
the news that a large house at Toulouse h►d stopped
payment. Subsequently, however, the Rent* was
quoted at 70fr. 20c., but it became heavy before the
close, and left off at 70fr. (Saturday's price)
for cash, and also at 70fr., being a fall
of 160., for account. Mobilier fell 12fr. 60c:
The Eastern Railway fell 7fr. 40c., Orleans, 6fr.l
and Lyons and Southern, Mr. 76e. each. Northern
and Western were without change. The assessors are
now seeing their clients, and preparing to do busi-
ness. The regular brokers hold a meeting this
evening to decide whether the quotations of the
business done by the assessors after Bourse hours,
viz., from three to five o'clock, are to he published the
same evening or the next day.
It may be remembered that some time back several
journals stated that the agents de change of Paris
had offered to pay the city a yearly sum of 640,000 f.
as a compensation for the suppression of the entrance-

money paid by persona entering the Bonus during
business hours. The city wanted 1,100,000 fr., but
has now, it is said, consented to accept 900,000 fr.,
which the agents agree to give. When the Tribunal
of Commene has been removed from its present
locality, as intended, the rooms which it occupies
will be converted into offices for the agents or their
asosces.

One of the assessors and a well-known speculator
came to blows to-day in the precincts of the Bourse,
and it is understood that they are going to fight a
duel to-morrow morning.
A letter from Marseilles says that the news was
expected there from one moment to another that
foreign corn was admitted into Portugal free of duty.
It was also thought that Spain would adopt a
similar measure.

A despatch from Malta states that two English
ships-of-war have left for Ancona, and two others for
Corfu.

The news from Spain is that the expedition
against Morocco is somewhat delayed in consequence
of the want of transports. Some of the sympathising
French papers are writing flaming articles about the
great fleet which Spain is "determined" to have,
but they admit that, as yet, her intentions are not
realised. The lines of the Critic, written in jest,
seem now to be siegularly true:

The Speniett fleet, as yet, thou meet sot see,
Bemuse 'tis nut in sight.

We learn by telegraph that on the morning of
November 4, the Morocco gunboat Scylia was cap-
tured by the Spanish steam mime Alava, at the
month of the river Tetouan, after a sharp engage-
ment.

The Russian government ham just authorised the
Prievees Cm:if:474a to pass moms lamella with bee family
et Warsaw and in V°%villa.

A letter from Rome, of Nov. 2, states that the
Titer bet overawed ib beaks, end that the Ghetto end all
the streets sear the stream are flooded. The shops ars shot
up and the inhabitants have taken refuge to the upper
stories of their houses, where mettle.= sre brought to
them by boats. The reatheon is completely surrounded by

ITALY.

TUSCANY.

(P/Orr OCR SPECIAL CORREAPONDENT.)
FLORENCE, Nov. 2.
In the last letter which I "trotl3oo from Bologna
I told you that Garibaldi had been hastily summoned
to Turin by the Sardinian government. Fanti fol-
lowed him a few hours afterwards, and to-day I hear
from Turin that both these generals had a long Inter-
view with King Victor Emmanuel. lam now in a
position to state, on what I think to be good authority,
that the affairs of Central Italy were freely discussed
at that important meeting. I hear also that there
is no doubt that the letter addressed by the Emperor
to the King of Piedmont, under date of the
20th of October last, was the cause of Victor
Emmanuel's summoning the two commanders
of the army of Central Italy to his royal
presence. The cabinet of Turin, being fully con-
vinced of the total impossibility of carrying out the
plan suggested in that letter by Louis Napoleon, is
now under the necessity of taking a decisive step
towards • speedy solution of the Central Italian
question. My informant tells me that after the in-
terview with the King was over Garibaldi was
heard to say that the hour for action was near at
hand, and that both Victor Emmanuel and his
ministers had finally determined to follow a more
decided line of policy. I should not. therefore, be
' surprised at all if the telegraph from Rimini should
bring the news that Garibaldi is on the eve of crossing
the Tavollo on his way to Pesaro. This at any
rate is the opinion which, if I am rightly informed,
prevailed here this morning among official people.
All sensible men in Florence believe now that there
is nothing to be expected from the Emperor; and that,
regarding the letter to the King as the last expres-
sion of the Imperial will, the only chance which re-
mains for Italy is to take the matter in her own
hands, and to force Europe to accept her liberation
ua fait accompli. Garibaldi is just the man for
carrying out this bold plan with full success ; and I
am convinced that the little army of his Holiness
would be swept away in less than a fortnight by his
gallant and well-organised legions. In spite,
however, of the daring policy which is likely to be
adopted in Central Italy, the apprehensions which
are felt here by Baron Ricuoli and his colleagues
are rather augmented than diminished. The reason
of these apprehensions is simple enough. Although
the government of Tuscany has placed unlimited
reliance on the moral strength of the people it was
called to rule, it cannot but fear the consequences of
a decision which is so much at variance with the
projects of the ruler of France. Before the
publication of the last Imperial epistle, it firmly
believed that the House of Lorraine could never be
restored in this country, and even on the supposition
that the annexation to Piedmont could not be carried
out, it thought to have the independence of Tuscany
at least recognised by the European powers. This,
I have been told, was the principal cause of Baron
Ricasoli's firmly opposing the fusion of the Duchy
with Parma, Modena, and the Legations. The
future fate of the last-mentioned provinces did not
appear to Tuscan statesmen so certain as to induce
them to embark in the same boat with them. To
the urgent remonstrance of the Cavaliere
the diplomatic agent of Bologna, they answered that
if there was a state of Central Italy in which the
restoration of the former raters was likely to occur
it was certainly that which had sent him to Florence.
The course of events has now destroyed the faith
which the present rulers of Tuscany had,
since the convention of Vtllafranca, felt in
this solution. The hopes so long cherished by them,
that the Emperor would at the last sacrifice the
young Grand Duke, have been greatly weakened of
late, and I am told that since yesterday they have
come to the conclusion to trust less in diplomacy, and
prepare themselves for action. Although the Tuscans
are not such a daring set of people as their fierce
brothers of Romagna, I have no doubt that they will
fight well and obstinately should hostilities begin in
Southern Italy. The inhabitants of this country, as
you know, are a mild and rather slow sort of people,
fond of talking, and no one could believe them
capable of carrying on& fierce and obstinate war. It
is generally thought that they are more adapted for
the floe arts than for war. Yet hatred of the late
government, the emulation which the fights of
Peleliu° and San Martino have awakened in their
hearts, and, more than this, the fear of having the
Lorraine dynasty forced &gaits, upon them, have so
changed their dispositions, that I am convinced they
will prove as good soldiers as those of Piedmont and
Romagna.
No doubt the Tuscans too much neglected the art
of war in their halcyon days, but even then they
always fought bravely when the great interests of
their country were at stake. Call to mind the siege
of Florence in 1530, when a small bat free common-
wealth defended itself for nine months against the
greatest monarch of Europe. Sismondi tells us,
that " A body of mercenaries, organised by Giovanni
de' Medici, a kinsmen of the Pope, seised at the
time (1529) as a military school for the Tuscans,
amongst whom alone the corps had been raised ; it
acquired a high reputation under the name of
Band. acre. No infantry equalled it in courage
and intelligence. Five thousand of these warriors
served under Lautrec in Naples, where they almost
all perished." Such were the Tuscan soldiery under
Malatesta, Baglioni, and Ferracei, in 1830; of like
mettle were they in 1848, when on the 29th of May
they defended the villages of Curtatone and Monte.
nave, near Mantua. I therefore venture to assert
that they will prove themselves made of equally
good stuff in 1649, should German, French, or
Neapolitan bayonets gleam on the banks of the Reno
or the Arno.

That the government of this country has now
more faith in the armaments of Central Italy than in
the meeting of European diplomatists is shown by
the decree which appeared in last evening's
Monitors Toseano:—Considering that the age
of twenty-one, prescribed by the 3rd Article of
the Law of July 1859 as a necessary condition for
entering into the National Guard, hinders many
young men, who are animated by patriotic senti-
ments, from joining it, the government of Tuscany
has decreed that in certain cases young gien of not
more than eighteen years shall be allowed to enlist.
This wise step will, I am told, nearly double the
numerical strength of the National Guard, which is
well organised both in the capital and in the pro-
vinces. By another decree, also published in the
last Monitore, Baron Ricssoli changes the name of
the military school called Military Lyceum of the
Archduke Ferdinand into that of Royal Military
Lyceum, and gives the rules which shall henceforth
regulate the admission of young gentlemen into it.
Yon see that the activity of the Tuscan government
is now almost exclusively turned to military subjects.
It appears I. me that, notwithstanding the tone of
the semi-official press, the rulers of Tuscany are
really persuaded that the solemn crisis of the scrantry
is not far off. The Narione of yesterday was
anxious to prove that no material changes for the
wens have been made by the treaty of Zurich.
It advises, therefore, the people of Central Italy to
keep quiet; for, according to the twenties writer,

the only hope which still allures the enemies of the
Italian cause is in the breaking oat of some internal
disturbances. In spite, however, of the sensible
advice of ° Star Fermi," the leading article of the
Nasione betrays the fear of an imminent crisis.
This fact ,s more striking when we consider, as I
wrote to you yesterday, that the paper in question is
published under the inspiration of Baron Ricesoli
himself.

Day after day passes sway, and those in authority
still maintain the most impenetrable reserve on the
subject of the conspiracy, which some say wu die.
covered two weeks ago. The only news I have been
able to gather on this subject is that some of the pri-
soners have been released, and some sent to the fron-
tier of the Duchy. Avvocato Andreozzi, a red re-
publican of the brightest tint, is, however, still kept
in strict confinement, a circumstance which makes
people believe that the plot was rather a Mazzinian
than a Decal one.

The Tuscan Monitore
Morelli and Vivani, envoys of the proviaional
government, were officially received at Warsaw by
Prince Gortschakoff, who assured them of the Czar's
best wishes for Italy.

that Counts