The Express.
London, England, 1860-01-02 00:00:00

111

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AM MON. MONDAY. .IAN. L

ON the threshold of another year, let an, es
Englishmen. ac►nowledge the gesdasse elf the Power
which permits os to enter man a new period of
existence in the enjoyment of pease. The nation
oractiest to arm for the defence of ancient liberty and
independence best ►nows the value of this blessing.
We commence this year with more ample and
various energies and resources for every andertaking
that can challeoge the enterprise of a great com-
munity than we possessed at say time before, ar
than any other nation now essamands. In material
power and disposable wealth we are equal to every
call that can be made me se, while the patristic
movement which has manifested itself in all
parts of the country proves that the national
spirit is ss strong and as prompt as ever. Ea-
dowsiests like tbese increase the responsibilities
which we shall carry through the next twelve
months, because they increase oar ability to seise its
opportunities and tarn them to most account. Let
no only be true to ourselves sod this year will not
wear out in hesitation, postponements, suspicion, and
panic.

The opening event of the year is important.
Dynastic diplomacy recoils from its accepted task.
frightened at the concessions it may have to
make. The Congress, which was to have met at
Paris on the 19th inst., to regulate the international
position of the Sista of Upper Italy, is indefieitely
postponed. The letters of our vigilant Paris Corte.
spondent must have prepared our readers for this
contingency. From the fact that the French Covers-
event interfered to prevent the transmission of the
intelligence by the telegraph, it may be inferred
that to the last moment it was hoped that the
original arrangement might bo maintained; but the
postponement has since been officially notified to
Sardinia from Paris. It is the famous pamphlet.
The Pope and the Congress, which has brought
things to a deed look; but neither the principles and
projects it advocates, nor the personal patronage and
inspiration of the ENt PERM% would have made it for-
midable had not its propositions been received in
France and all over Europe with Rebounded es-
tbusidem. The doctrine that the public is the best
judge of its own government, whether true er false.
is one most dangerous for the courts of Austria and
Naples, and its a:most authoritative assertion ea the
bails of an arrangement for settling the affairs et
Italy woe sure to give them pause; but it is not
certain that they would have held back if the loud
approbation of the world had not encouraged the
French /3)11/.11101 to carry oat a policy founded upon
it. We do not know that any friend of the canoe of
freedom in beg need regret the temporary difficulty
in which diplomacy finds itself. Every month gained
confirms the liberties of the Central Italian States,
and justifies their revolution before the world.
When the sovereigns who now pat forth petty re-
monstrances against pamphlets find that freedom
and order flourish in Italy without their patronage
they will not be leer in devising some form in which
to tender their superfluous recognition. The sound
policy which England has pursued since the acces-
sion of the present Ministry is well vindicated by
events. We have proclaimed our principles alike
without reserve and without obtruaiveuses, and we
fee them in practice. We have not refused to lend
a helping bard in the regulation of Italian affairs,
so far as they concern Europe ; and if other Powers

E
sow hold book in dudgeon, tin* godsense 4/16
impair oar right to recognise ttio de fade govern-
meats whenever we cesider'llesaise has ems tie
doing so.

THB

Tdl Times presumes so far upon the Ignorance
of he readers is to say that the aim of the
astiohivery meaority in America is to esta-
blish a halkoste state of society and administer
don of government, inducing a deterioration of rase
sad of eitilisatioo. The answer to this is very short.
L the North, where slavery was abolished long ago,
there are no half-castes, except such as bars come
from the Booth. All the half-eastas that exist are
the offspring of slavery; and in the South, they ars
all included in the four million slaves. Four mil-
ling spinet twenty-three millione—that is the
pemportass ; and the dark race have always shown a
Ispegeme to intermixture with the whites which
white slave-owners alone appear not to reciprocate.
With the dying out of the dissoluteness of =WWI
which has produced a half-caste population the
danger, if there be any, will die out also. Meantime,
it is mainly when the Degrade are free that there
is so admixture of rams.

The great meeting in Boston, on behalf of the
Union, was of a somewhat different character from
what the Times supposes, as one single incident will
show. It was sailed, it is true, by men who, like
Mr. Enact?, have ruined their political career and
forfeited their standing in the community by sub-
servience to the noisy oligarchy at Washington; bat
whether the spirits they called from the vasty deep
did come to their call is another affair. The Hon.
Cause CUSHING spoke to the same effect as Mr.
Hymen, and with no better success. He asked of
the live thoneand citizens who erasnmed Fannin
Hall whether they would not control the abolition-
ists. Are there no men in New England, he asked,
who will take these rampant fellows by the throat P
Silence. He proceeded to name them; and at soak
name there was a bent of vehement sad long-cap-
tinted cheering—the Baium oases invoked by those
who had sent for it.

This is s significant sign of the times in the leading
State of the Union. The leading State of the southern
eeetion, Virginia, is, however, showing signs no less
important. Several ef the chief elitism' are proper
lug to leave—not *lily the State, bet the country
altogether. Far two years past, Virginia has been
rapidly emptied of slaves, through the growing in..-
clarity of that kind of property, and yet more through
the spreading desire for free labour among the resi-
dents in the agricultural district'. At peewit, when
mysterious lights go tip every night from the moan-
tains about Harper's Ferry, and are answered from
various parts of the horizon, while neither polioe
nor military ean detect their origin : now when
ineendiary fires take place almost nightly, no doubt
at the hands of the negross ; now when Virginia
lies ander the liabilities of a frontier State, the more
timid or wealthy of her citizens see no prospect of
poses and quiet for a long time to oome, and propose
to realise their property, and pass over to Europe
for the rest of their lives. We may hope they will
think better of it, and see their duty more clearly;
but we are concerned with it only as a sign of the
times.

Another sign approaches us more nearly. We
have had too good reason to know that the Ameri-
cans of the South derive their notion of the Irish
from JOHN MITCHIL, and a fearful evideoce of this
has some to tight in the shape of a circular
widely transmitted by a Committee in Alabama to
the Irish in New York. This circular invites the
Irish, as theftriends of the South, to est in its inte-
rest, and gain thanks and rewards by seta of incen-
diaries which are minutely described; by burning
factories and granaries belonging to abolitionists.
This rem will appear isiesedible may to those who
know what the barbarism of the extreme South is,
and who bear in mind that the filibasamisen of the
United States is supported ►y the barbaric element
there, the poor sad uneducated whites.
This leads Is ea to the esesideration of our own
concern in the great maid mow going forward. It
is interesting to us that the great Republic should be
a success and not a failure ; a genuine republic, and
mot • polity compounded of despotism and slavery.
It is interesting to us that the Union should endure,
sad not fall to pieces through an explosion which
may be averted. It is interesting to as that fili-
bustering practices and indefensible wars should
err I and it is slavery which Weeds sash crimes.
It is interesting to us that the African slave trade
should ease; and it will eases whomever American
slavery tames to an end. It is interesting to us that
a good understanding should exist between the
British and American Governments and people; and
it is perfectly understood that the interruptions Of
cordiality, which have become more and more froward
as the domestic conflict became increasingly em-
barrassing to the Washington Cabinet, are owing
to the prevalence eta turbulent spirit in the officers
of the State. We have an illustration near at hand.
The difficulties always arise from the action of
some blustering or short-sighted official personage or
agent, who commits some aggression, or imputes it to
us. It is the slaveholding oligarchy which has filled
up the offices of the State for • long comes of
years ; and it is its own temper which
is shown in such quarrels. The latest is the
Ban Juan affair, in which General HA•N•Y was
the aggressor—as we may now call him, his sets
having been reversed by his own Government. This
Gem& HAMMY was, as Major ILuuree, the owner,
twenty-five years ago, of two slaves, husband and
wife (so celled). By the evidence before the Court
at St. Louis, Missouri, the woman, being suspected of
having hidden • bunch of keys, was Bogged and
tortured by her master for three days, at the end of
which she died. The jury declared themselves
usable to decide whether the mangling they wit-
asseed was dorm by the whip alone, or by hot irons;
but the belief was that both were employed. The hus-
band, the father of her many children, a man of supe-
rior ability and character, was suspected by theMejor
of having whispered to neighbours hie fears about
hie wife ; and he was subjected to similar treatment
at the same hands till, unable to endure more, he
wrenched himself free, and threw himself into the
Mississippi. The facts are taken from the records of
the slave State in which they happened. RI eery to
conceive the indignation of the citizens of Maseehm•
setts and New York at the promotion of a man so
stained with crime, and at his having ever had the
power of creating a quarrel between disown country
and England. We can see how eager the free
States will be to secure • better »presentation of
themselves in the eyes of the world: and we may
eertainly rejoice when pease between the two
countries is no longer at the mercy of men born and
bred amidst the vitiating influences of slave
institutions.

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XPRESS, MOND.,

TIM REVENUE.
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