The Express.
London, England, 1860-09-17 00:00:00

ITALY.

The De hats has the following on the entrance of
the Piedmonteee troops into the States of the
Church :
Pesaro and Urbino, which the troops of General Cialdini
have just occupied, are situated at the foot the eastern slope
of the Apennine*, towards the Adriatic. Whilst Cialdini was
invading that region with the left of the Sardinian army,
General Fatal, thc commander-in-chief, operated with the
right on the other site of the Apennines towards the
31aliterranean, that is to my, in the strategical region in
which Ronne is placed. He occupied on the 11th Citta di
Castello, a small town of 6,000 souls, not far from
the Tuscan frontier, close to the source of the
Tiber, which town is at the entrance of the upper
valley of that fiver • and the day after he entered
the valley itself. The upper part of the Tiber is can.
mantled by the citadel of Perm* which had been neglected
since 1840, but which General Lamoriciere lately ordered
to be hastily repaired and defended to the last extremity.
l: the information transmitted by telegraph from Turin be
correct. Perugia is at this moment menaced in three diffo-
rent directions—by the corps of General Falai, by &column
of volunteer* despatched from Tuscany, and
direct to the town to support the march of Fintroteed
lastly, by the insurgents of Orvieto. who, on the 11th or
12th, comielled the German garrison of that place to capi-
tulate. What will General iciire do? The letters
addrtesed to the French journals azrec generally in saying
that he will only attempt resistance under the walls of
-tocona, but according to other account. be is m
his troops to take up position at Spoleto, the
point between Rome, Perugia, Ancona, and the Nemelhen
frontier.
The following particulars relative to part cif Hedy,
which is now the seat of war, may be found fate-
reeding at the present moment :
The population of the Marche., according to an Maid
return of the Pontifical government, was, in 1863, 11111,1111
soda, of whom 176,549 were in the province of Amens,
110, tit in that of Forma, 243,101 is Ma.mrate, 257,761 ia
Pesaro and Urbino, and the rest in Aseoli and Oameriao.
The citadel of Ancona is shoaled on the summit of Mount
Artie% upwards of 300 feet above the level of the sea.
Tice town stands oa the part of the mountain which'slopes
to the sea, and its port is formed by little hills which manta.
tute a sort of amphitheatre. The highest of there
hill., which protects the citadel itself, it the
Mootaguolo, upwards of 700 feet above the level of
the sea. There is also Mount Guseco del Cappuccini,
which is on • level with the barracks of the artillerymen
is the citadel. The western part of the Mount dei Cappuc-
mai is occupied by part of the town, which extends along
the side of the fort with a bend. In ISA the Austrians,
during the war of independence, undertook extensive works,
but they ~,on aleinduned them. They supplied the fairs
with cannon, which they left likewise. The entrance to
the fortrese is well defended ; the roads being partly wind-
ing sad partly rig.mg, and constructed in such a way that
a surprise den enemy can be resisted, however great may
be the impetuosity with which it is made. The fortress
mama contain a numerous garrison, but the rnagannes are
large 'sough to hold stores for • long siege ; the Plasm
d'Artnes u not very spacious, and the powder =gages
itself could not resist a sustained bombardment. The fort-
nee is surrounded by a little rampart.
The Courrier de Itirsaarecke publishes a letter from
Turin, which gives the following analysis of the
ultimatum sent to Rome by Count Cavour, and placed
in the hands of Cardinal Antonelli on the 11th inst. :
The dismassat in question is conceived in moderate but
=.I7ISMS. government points out the
Whick moult for creasy one in Italy from the
imesaiame sod excitement which are being continually kept
up in the public mod by the presence of foreign troops
We Papal Mates. The King's government comedian this •
flagrant infraction of the moo non-intervention
officially procLiirued and accepted by the powers. The
saseniblieg and increase of those foreign troops daily
furnish to Italian patriotism a right to entertain fears
for the future fate of the country', and to dread that
under a uniform and a flag of an Italian prince, like the
Pope, Austria way return and again pleat herself in the
heart of Italy. Therefore, for reasons of peace, order, and
trauquillity, as well as of right and views to the future,
the King's government urgently calls on that of the Pope
to dismiss these fereign troupe. It wishes to have an
uu-
mediate categorical answer, in default of which it will con-
sider those mercenaries 114 guerillas of Italy and of Piedmont
—enemies who, it; violating the territory of the Italian
peninsula, bring on themselves the rigours and the responsi-
bility of hostilities. Count Camur has not forgotten in
the ultimatum to repeat the sentimente of filial
_piety of
Victor Emmanuel and of his family towards the Holy 800
and the person of tb Holy Father; soil doubtless say other
than Usrdmal Anumelli would have been touched and coo-
voiced by the expressions need.
The Official (Ant tie of Turin publishes several
telegraphic despatchtri completing the information
previously given of the movement in the Marches
and the invasion of the Papal territory. Monsignor
Bella, whore official residence was at Pesaro having
ordered the pillage of San Leo, in the district of
Urbino, a rich gentleman of that place was robbed
of all list horses and cattle, and his granaries were
emptied. BM lady was forced to gire up
her diamonds, and he himself obliged to
pay down 1,000 bench (3,300 f.). At Pesaro
numerous streets of the richest and most
influential persona were nada ; many others
escaped. General de Lamoriciiati had sent rein-
forcements t. the garrison, which amounted to
1,200 wen when General Cialthui invested the
place. After a few hours' cannonade the walls
were battered down, and the garrison retreated to
the citadel ; but on the Plaints/atom artillery
bring put in poeition they surrendered at dis-
cretion. Monsignor Bella, who commanded them
was taken prisoner' and sent to Turin. thi
the 11th the Papal troops stationed at Orvieto
watched out to meet a oolumu of insurgents.
After a smart skirmish the troops retreated
into the place where they eventually capitulated.On the mum day General Fanti forced the gates of
Citta di Castello. The Pontifical gendarmes, 70 in
number, fired, but surrendered afterwards, toge-
ther with the governor. General Cialdini entered
Fano on the 12th, making 300 prisoners. The en-
thusiasm with which the news of the invasion of
the Papal territory was received at Florence was so
great that vast crowds assembled before the Pitti
Palace, crying, " Viva it It, !" Prince Eugene of
Carignan wits obliged to present himself at the bal-
cony to acknowledge these loyal demonstrations.

THE ITALIAN KINGDOM.

(raox oes OW$ cosuaroxpior.)

TURIN, Karr. 12.
Events are now succeeding each other with such
rapidity that • correspouduit is not able to follow
them, and even the telegraph lags behind. Never-
theless lam fortunately enabled to uommunicate
to you a day in advance the subetsuce of the
King's proclamation to the army, which may also
serve to • certain extent as a manifesto to thu
whole of Europe. If matters had not been so un-
expectedly precipitated, a manifesto would have
been published first, or a memorandum in its stead.
.1 lux memorandum will now reach the foreign courts
'owes hat late, and it will serve only to explain the
incidents that have occurred.

Certain political considerations have induced the
government again to alter its choice of the men
who are to be sent to govern provisionally the
Marches and the Umbria. The governors finally
aelected are the Marquis Pepoli, of Bologna, a rela-
tive of the family now reigning iu France as well
mi connected with a reigning family in Germany,
awl Signor Lorenzo Valerio, who for some mouths
pest has been the governor of Como, an.l who,
though not a friend of Csvour's ministry, is mu-
,crely attoched t the royal Immo,
Intelligence received from all parts of the state
inform,. u.: that general 'satisfaction is felt at seeing
Four sohlters advance to protect the inhabitant/1 of
the Marches and the Umbria against the brutalities,
and cruelty of the Papal mercenaries. The Roman
court has by its acts agonled is a triumphant jus-
tification of war entrance Into thoye districts. It
would not receive any of our messages, and it de-
tained our dopamine [miming through its territory ;
it fomented provocations on our frontiers, and, in
short. it seems to have been quite infatuated,
unless behind all this there lurks some Austrian
contriesu,e, for Austria, tlei.pne all her declara-
tions, is bent upon awaiting us unawares, and it
is How strongly suspected that she will du so.
I have a few particubmi to mention about the de-
putation trout the Marches and the Um the
the
members of which left Turin this morning by the
9 o'clock train, to return to their home& Their
mama ate :--Count Francesco Toni, of Spoleto ;
Kauai Cesare Damietta, of Perugia ; Count Diego
Perot* of Terri ; Count Zelirino Faini, of Perugia ;
, Fromm* Oursdabessi, of Perugia ; Count Fonii.