The Express.
London, England, 1859-10-11 00:00:00

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4.roIIDON. TUESDAY. OCT. 11.

Ttiv more we know of the assassination of
Colonel Ast ITI the more clearly dose its excel,'
tional character appear. The man himself, i
seems, had reached such a bad eminence in cruelty
and crime that he stood altogether alone. There
could scarcely be two such men even in these Duchies,
so long subjected to the cline of a military
despotism. As will be seen in the letter of a well.
informed correspondent on the spot, which we pub-
lish this morning,' Colonel ANviri " was the most
" conspicuous of all the military tyrants who haws
" executed martial Lewin Parma. His word weed's&
" without trial or respite. He shot and bastinadoed
" men, women, and children at pleasure." After the
revolutionary outbreak five years ago he had absolute
command, and gratified to the full his lust for
cruelty and blood. Military murders were committed
wholesale, without even a colourable pretext. One
of these is referred to by our correspondent. A
shot was fired at him in the street, it is said by his
own order. lie at once arrested and punished
thirty persons in his own list of the suspected, and
imprisoned or shot all who happened to be standing
near or who were in the neighbouring houses.
It is scarcely surprising that such a monster
was universally detested. So intense was the hatred
entertained towards him that he could not appear in
the streets of Puma without a tile of soldiers ass •
guard, and eventually it became necessary for the
Ducat++ to remove him altogether from the city.
He was sent to Piacenza, where he haa remained
during the last fir• years. He was in fact exiled,
outlawed by his own crimes. All this, of course, does
not in the least justify the murder, which was •
foul and brutal act. But it explains the popula
excitement that led to it ; and shows that the local
NemtAt4 which overtook each a villain is not to be
confounded with a general spirit of lawlessness, or
any prevaiiog dispogition to execute lynch law
on the opponents of the national cause. Mobs in this
country have ban guilty of similar outrages on even
legs provocation. The violent hanging of POILTZI7II
by the Edinburgh populace is a case in point. But
in any such demonstration only the lowest class of the

people are actually at work. Amongst the belief
cisme. however strong their feelings may be, reve-
rence for law overcomes the wild instinct ot j mum that
harries the crowd into anticipating the decision of the
tribunal, sod usurping the functions of the execu-
tioner.

We have little doubt that this will prove to have
been the case at Parma, when the results of the
'earthing inquiry into the affair which the Govern-
ment has instituted are m►de known. This inquiry
is sufficient evidence that there is neither weakness
nor irresolution on the part of the central authority.
'the dictator of the Duchy, FARINI, who has hi:herto
conducted the affairs of the Government with each
firmness, pi udence, and skill, is not likely to allow
the national cause to suffer from any want of
decision or promptitude at such a crisis.
A telegram which we publish this evening
intimates •hat the Government is determined
"to act with due severity against the guilty
" parties," and that "an ioquiry into the late asses-
" aination is being actively carried on." But of
counts a reasonable time mast be allowed for such
an investigation. When a crime of this kind is
perpetrated by • crowd it is difficult to bring it
home to Qv- immediate agents, and almost impossible
to trace i. to any particular individual. Still, a
searching investigation will scarcely fail to detect the
ringleaders, and they will, of course, be
brought to justice. M. GRANGUILLOT is there-
fore a little too hasty in demanding, through
the semi-• fficial columns of the C'onststutionnel,
the " chastisement of a crime which would stain the
" honour of Italy," and therefore, he ingests,
of France, its patron and protector, "if it were not
"to be avenged." Italy during the last five months
has show,. nereelf perfectly capable of protecting her
own honour,

The moral of this mournful tragedy is plain
enough. It the legal guilt of the atrocity falls upon
the popul• e of Parma, a large share of the moral
responiabili connected with it lies at the door of
those who purposely prolong the cruel suspense in
which th. Duchies are kept. The Provisional
vernmenti which the popular will provided and sus-
Mined performed their difficult task to the
admiratioi. of the world. But they are only provi-
sional, uni the longer the transfer of their function
is delayed the more keenly will the need of a perma-
nent and .ettled Government be felt. The con-
tinued alt. mations of hope and fear incident to such
• positioi..re enough to try the constancy and fret
the temp. rof any people. The wonder is that the
populat am, of the States have borne so well the diplo-
matic dentys that have week after week per
plexed neir minds and disappointed their
hopes. • oid it is the imperative duty of the
Great Poo en to put an end to this struggle and this
stuip,nse without delay. While it continues there
is scope 1.. r the desperate plots and desperate hopes
of the ha..-bed Princes. There is scope also for the
keen rig. ore and indiguaot reprisals of the outraged
people*. %nil thaw who prolong this dangerous
state are pooposoible for the result.

IV! do not question the sincerity of the disgust
that mar,‘ profane and some undoubtedly feel at the
diseoeur.. pow snaking of whoictale corruption in
places Itk. Wakefield and Gloucester. lint we mast
•tronttly .t.•precate the deadening and painful use
which i• .ought to be made in certain quarters
of the dirty and disreputable facts thus