The Express.
London, England, 1859-11-23 00:00:00

THE WHET INDIA MAILS.

SOUTHAMPTON, WZONIBDAY.

The Royal Mail Steam Packet Company's ship
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EXPRESS FROM PARIS.

(111011 WOW OWN

PARIS, TIMIDAY EVIIINING.

The ratifications of the treaties of Zurich having
been, as we know by the ifoniteur, exchanged yes-
terday, there is ao reason why the circulars convok-
ing the Congress should not have been issued by
this time. I have indeed been told that they were
sent off last night immediately on the arrival (by
telegram) of the news from Zurich. Nevertheless,
this evening's Pays says, referring probably to a
paragraph in yesterday's Pads, that "the an-
nouncement of the circulars having been sent
yesterday was premature." It leaves the matter
there.

I think it very unlikely that the Congress will
meet so early as Dec. 18. It is by no means clear
th►t all the difficulties in the way of its assembling
are removed.

The unfortunate and worse than useless habit of
the French official press of systematically suppress-
ing disagreeable truths has just been illustrated by
General de Martimprey's order of the day to his
army on the conclusion of the Morocco campaign.
For some time past rumours have found their way
into English and other foreign journals that this
force had greatly suffered from disease and pesti-
lence. All such stories were duly set down by the
Paris bureaucracy to the account of the " malice
and recklesenees" of foreign correspondents, who
write on their own responsibility to their conacisness
and their employers, and without the wholesome
fear of warnings and seizures before their eyes.
While the short war was going on the re-
gular tag to ail published official despatches
wee, " the health of the army is excellent,"
and any journal that might have ventured to tell the
truth, and the.s perhaps provoke measures which
might have relieved the suffering troops, would have
run great risk for being prosecuted for " false news."
It now comes out by the admission of the general
that in the short space of twenty days that the cam-
paign lasted the almost incredible proportion of one-
fifth of the expeditionary corps perished from
disease !

The dmi de la .Religion announces that M.
Plocque, the present baton:seer of the order of ad-
vocates, and M.M. Berryer and Dnfaure (past biiton-
osiers) intend to write a joint opinion upon the ques-
tions in the letter of Count D'Hauseonville for the
publication of which the Coisrriar du Dintasehe had
a warning.

The Union Prasconetoiso, a Besancon journal,
has been seized for copying the false letter attri-
buted to the King of Sardinia from the .Ami do la
Religion.

M. Berryer will defend the Ami de la Re ligime
when its trial comes on.

The Bourse was a little better to-day at the
opening, but it became heavy on the strength of a
rumour that the letters of convocation for the Con-
gress had not yet been issued. The Rents closed
for cash at 70fr. 6c., with a rise of 10c., and at
yesterday'. price, 69fr. 96c. for account; Mobilier
fell Sfr. 76c. The Orleans railway rose 2fr. 60c.;
the other lines closed at precisely yesterday's
price..

Some of the old cottlissiirs are so disgusted with
the stagnant state of this market, that they talk of
going in a body to Brussels to open a French Bourse
there on free trade principles.
Medical men having represented that the custom
of carrying newly born children to the amities to be
registered is attended with danger, some of the
journals state that the authorities contemplate
appointing in each arrondissement of the capital a
physician specially charged to go to houses to regis-
ter births. At Douai and in several towns of
Belgium berths have long been registered by such
a functionary. The reform alluded to is loudly called
for. I have not the least doubt that many infants
have caught their deaths by waiting in the cold
corridors of the mairie, in order to conform to the
provisions of a code which, though admirable in
many respects, bee a tendency to over-regulation.

The Emperor of Austria is at present at Ho'Rath,
in Hungary, on a shooting excursion.

Gen, Caribaldi, it il said, will not remain long at
Nice, wbfthav he has gone on private affairs, but will shortly
rotors to Tort..

A letter front Ludwig,lust states that the Count
of Paris has arrived there, previously to his excursion to the
But, to viidt his venerable grandmother, the Grand Dachau
Dowager of Mecklenburg, who is now in her 83rd year, and
has jut recovered from a rather Kliolll indlaporition.

The Princes. Menschlkoff is daily expected in
Polio. A suite of apartments have been taken for her high-
ness at the Hotel do Vouillament, Rue dos Champs 11lyeiss.
Count de Moray hu arrived in Paris from his
mute in the Auvergne.
At the date of the last accounts Mr. Drummond
Hay, the Rite& oonoul-general, wee at Tangier, sad was
having frequenteonforenees with Katib, the Moorish minister
of foreign affairs.

The Cologne Gazette states that an industrial ex-
hibition which had been in contemplation for the three
northern kingdoms, and which arm to hive been held at
Copenhagen next summer, bas been postponed until 1861.

A telegraphic despatch from St. Petersburg states
that the Neva became frozen over during the night of
'the 17th.

A letter from Berlin says :—" An attempt la
being made at this moment to get up energetic demonstra-
tion.; amongst the Roman oatholles of Germany in favour of
the temporal sovereignty of the Pope. The movement has
Mss cepabed by a circular, dated the Bth, addreteed to all
the oaken° associations of Germany by the directing moo•
clarion at Friburg in Baden. The circular requests the
association, in the name of all the Roman catholic. of Ger-
many, to adopt resolutions favourable to the Pope, and
denouncing those who attack his righta."

A lamer from Moelira, dated yesterday, says:—
" Some thirty-Moe bodies have been found Mace Bondy
morning, of which the following only can be or have been
identified ..—Francle F. Hutton, saloon pasernger, F. Rai-
ford, passenger, David Bell, u believed from • receipt
for • registered Wm found upon his person ('to
William Riah•rdesa from David Be!'), Anthony Belt, Cap-
tain James Morris, Mrs. Norman, Dr. Hatch, Mr. Edwin
Fowler (at Bed-wharf), and Mr. M. W. Pitcher, at
Amlwch."

The Pharr de la Manche states that the doelm,rd
authorities at Cherbourg have received orders to lay down
the keels of two large transports fur the oonveyauce of
hones. They will have screw proprliere, and are to be large
enough to accommodate 300 homes and as many men.
The lourtaal de Medscine of Brussels states that
a few days ago a child of about a year old, who appeared to
be in dreadful pain, and had • sort of foam at the month, wen
taken to an apothecary at Boom, and he found that the tittle
creature bad been poisoned by sucking the pasted face of a
doll, in which an attract of lend had been milted. He ad-
ministered medicines, which laved the child's life, but he
@meets thiit toymakers ought to be prohibited from em-
ploying
poisonous substances in painting their playthings.

ITALY.

-..-
SARDINIA.

(mom ova OWN CORIMPOWDTIIT.I
TURIN, Nov. 19.

Recent experience has ascertained one point is
the diplomatic relations of Sardinia. It is certain
that there is no longer any way of satisfying the
Emperor Napoleon. He shows himself little lam
incensed at the appointment of Buoncompagni than
he did at that of Prince Eugene. For all that the
King's ministry appears quite resolved not to recede
from this last middle path it has chosen to follow,
The opinion of the most moderate men here, the
language of the public preen, always excepting the
clerical journals, agree in the conviction that what is
now done ought not to be undone, and that the honour
of the government is directly pledged to have it
carried out ; and in good truth any act of retrogression
would now begin seriously to compromise Piedmont
and Victor Emmanuel in their relations with the
rest of Italy. Woe upon woe would follow were
that prestige broken which is now exercised by this
country and its prince over the whole of the Penin-
sula. For if it were, the Italian revolution, which is
now proceeding with such temperance and forbear-
ance, would give way to the wildest excesses. Of
this France takes little heed, and her semi-official
organs are blindly taxing the Sardinian government
with wishing to "prejudice the question before the
Congress meets, with legalising the intervention of
others by doing so itself. But if Italy, putting the
annexation on we aide, is acquainted with no other
mode of acquiring safety, and if this annexation has
been deliberately chosen by the perfectly spon-
taneous and mutual will of populations declared
to be sovereign and free by existing European law—
Piedmont neither prejudices the question nor per-
forms any act of intervention. Conceding the right
of arbitration to a congress of the greater powers—a
very doubtful right by the bye, and resembling might
rather than right—one thing at least is certain, that
such an arbitraticn can only judicially decree in a
binding manner according to the rights of the parties.
Now, Central Italy, which wishes to resolve the
autonomy of her several States in the greater and
better autonomy of the Sardinian kingdom, asks
the latter to save her from the danger of anarchy.
And Sardinia, having already accepted the wish of
Central Italy, and wishing to form with her one
single people, one sole monarchy, does she offend in
south the principles of justice by guaranteeing the
order and peace of those provinces, which morally are
hers already? Can this be called a prejudication of the
question ; can this be qualified with the name of
intervention? It is beyond a doubt, that Piedmont
and the middle provinces of the Peninsula desire to
consummate the act of annexation in every possible
way, so that Europe may be convinced of the impos-
sibility of annulling it without having to employ
formidable force to trample down and destroy the
innate freedom of the peoples. Assuredly the use of
such a force would itself constitute an unlawful act
of armed intervention in defiance of right, but not
the present assumption of rule by Piedmont, which
toe the reasons above given is no intervention, seeing
that down to this moment she has not even bad to
move a soldier. And should she have recourse to
arm' they would be welcome, friendly, and
inoffensive, rather arms in common than those of a
confederate. Already from the Vero to the Rubicon
the soldiers wear the same uniform, ask for the
same chiefs and the same regulation'. They unfurl
the same flag and hail the same king. All this pre-
judices the question far more than does the mission
of Buoncompagni. It establishes a continuous and
universal intervention more manifest and influential
than the presence at Parma or Bologna of a few
gendarmes and officials from Sardinia, or the pre-
sence for that matter of Prince Eugene himself,
who would enter without any army, borne in
triumph on the arms of men from the royal palace
of Turin to the Pitti Palace at Florence.

But to return to the news of the day. I repeat
that the ministry does not stoop to the ignominy of
listening to the advice given it by the Monitevr,
backed u that advice is by Count Welewaki's
despatches. which are couched in the harshest style.
The Commendatore Buoncompagni will leave on
Monday, and stop at Parma to construct the local
government. The dictator Parini wrote word the
day before yesterday to say that he shall ask for
nothing and refuse nothing, being ready and willing
to serve under Buoncompagni should the latter keep
him in office. Letters from Ricuoli express senti-
ments not very dissimilar. There is a alight altera-
tion in the title of the new head of the government,
is he is to be called viceroy, or simply governor. He
takes with him as his secretary Count Alfieri, a son of
the President of the Senate here. Yon have already
heard that Garibaldi has resigned his post as second
in command of the troops of Central Italy. Hs
arrived at Turin, had a long interview with the King,
and left the day before yesterday for Nice, where
he will make a short stay before returning to the
little island of Maddalena, where his family resides,
and where he farms a large extent of ground. A
most admirable guerilla chieftain, Garibaldi is not
very competent to organise an army, and he does not
perceive the necessity of strict untiring discipline.
Besides, is the troops of Central Italy are to remain
inactive, the magic charm exercised by Garibaldi
over the soldier might wear itself out. It seems
that all this is the general's own conviction, and
hence his resolution to retire for the present into pri-
vate life. Victor Emmanuel, in order to testify to
the nation that Garibaldi his deserved well
of Italy, that he enjoys now as heretofore
the favour and affection of his King, his promoted
him to the rank of lieutenant-general. As General
Falai has been less fettered in his action, and is able
to give to the administration and command much
greater unity, it is hoped he will perfect • uniform
system for the troops of the four provinces, in which
upon Buoncompagni's arrival there will for the future
be only one ministry of war. There are many per-
sons here who are appreheneive lest the departure of
Garibaldi should break up some regiments of volun-
teers, for it is quite true that the men have often de.
dared they would not obey any other leader. But
the opinion of persons better informed leads me to
think that we shall not lose more than a few hundred
young men or so.