The Express.
London, England, 1858-01-05 00:00:00

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HlOll WATER A? LONDON BRIDGE.
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LONDON, TUESDAY; JANUARY 5.

Tim debate in the Sardinian Chambers (reported
in yesterday's ltsprus) will form a landmark in the
history of the 19th century. Of late years there has
been a sad reaction in the matter of religious free-
dom. Sacerdotaliam has awakened from a death-

like slumber with new energies, and has been re-
gaining lost strongholds. The emissaries of the
Court of Rome have everywhere been inde-
fatigably encroaching on the civil power.
In France they have availed themselves of the in-
security of a usurper to obtain concessions from him
most detrimental to the liberties of the Gallivan
Church. In Austria they have nearly succeeded in
undoing all that was done by JOSEPH 11. They had
at one time all but broken up the fabric of the Hel-
vetic Unice. They have disturbed the peace of
Prussia, and nearly overturned the balance of the
constitution of Belgium. In Ireland they have re-
paid the confiding and liberal Protestants who
laboured for their emancipation with a black in-
gratitude that has led some weaker brethren
to entertain doubts of the soundness of the
principle of religious toleration. While the Romish
Propaganda has been thus active outside of the Alps
it was not to be expected that it would view with
tolerance or indifference the growth of Liberal prin-
ciples within them. The consequence has been that
at home and abroad the Piedmontese Government
has found itself systematically belied, thwarted,
undermined, by the emissaries of the Roman Court.
From one aggression to another the ultra-priestly
party have at last advanced beyond the point up to
which a diplomatic war can be carried on with the
show of external courtesy, and the Government of
Piedmont has been compelled to throw down the
gauntlet openly to its sacerdotal enemies.

The contest into which Piedmont has been
draws is one that " craves wary walking." With
the exception of the numerically insignificant
minority of the Waldenses, and the Protestants of
Savoy, the whole Piedmontese people are from
conviction holders of the creed of the Romish
Church. There are among their working clergy—
especially in the rural districts—many conscientious,
self-denying, indefatigably diligent pastors, who
have honourably earned the love and confidence of
their flocks. The Romish faith is part and parcel of
the intellectual and moral being of the Piedmaatees
population. In such a state of society it is not easy
for a Uovernment to resist the political usurpations
of the Church without running the risk of being
represented as hostile to its spiritual authority. The
statesman called on to fight such a battle must
combine the most entire and sleepless control of
his passions with the most unflinching courage.
Hitherto the KING and his Minister have shown
themselves powered of both qualities in an eminent
degree. The spontaneous respectful letter addreseed
to the Pore by Vtcroa EastaNum. was equally
creditable to his feelings as a man and his wisdom
as a Sovereign. And the moral grandeur of Count
CATOrle, appearance in the Chamber of Deputies
cannot be surpassed. He spoke, even at that agi-
tating moment, with the dispassionate acumen of a
recluse philosopher, of the happy influence produced
upon the well-coaditioned minds among the clergy
by their living under free constitutional institu-
tions. He acknowledged in the widest ewe
their right as citizens to take part In
all political movements. But he made a resolute
stand against the abuse of the priestly character and
the perversion of spiritual influence. There WO
that in the tone and bearing of Count CAvOOS
which must have taught the sacerdotal faction that
they have precoked to active hostilities a man
endowed by nature with the power to bridle them.
And it is equally clear that the intelligence and
patriotism of the Chamber were instinctively moved
by his gallant demeanour. In that Chamber, where
the machinations of the Priests were understood to
have diminished the ministerial majority to
something little more than nominal, Count Ca-
ot n'. motion for an inquiry into the
conduct of the Priests at the late election
was canted by the unexpectedly large ma-
jority of 8$ to 35. for are the numbers in the divi-
sion more suggestive of the most sanguine hopes,
than the timid, equivocating, shuffling manner in
which the Opposition sought rather to evade than
resist the mutton.

The vote of the Sardinian Chamber is a " Mene,
Mme, Tekel, Upharsin," to the temporal usurpation
of the Court of Rome. The Parliamentary struggle
for the religious liberties of Piedmont begins in a far
more auspicious manner--for a less questionable object
and in a more Catholic spirit—than the Parlia-
mentary struggle for the religious liberties of Eng-
land. The language and attitude of the BING and
his Ministers ere every way worthy of the great
contest it is their proud privilege to have been
called upon to wage. And the hest spirits of the
nation are prepared to follow their lead. Words
have been spoken that cannot be unsaid; a deed has
bees done from which it is impossible to recede.
The 3rd of January, 1838, will constitute an epoch
iu the history of Piedmont, of Italy, of Europe. It
is no mere sectarian propagandism that is in pro-
gress. Io the movement initiated with so much cou-
rage and so much dignity, religious conviction, devo-
tional sentiment, and unfettered reason, walk hand
in hand.

Ter, new Judge, Mr. Serjeant BTLIM, is DOe
only not with the Liberal party, but is, or is-