The Express.
London, England, 1866-06-30 00:00:00

flto AND SZE, THE SHOW
ol I. ed. TROUSERS In the shoo window, and select
therefrom, it T. and 0. WI MOT& 111Ws and outfitters,
emit Inner sheet, Iniesetevertare, W.

(MLR MEDAL AWARDED.)
ALLEN'S PATENT PORTMAN'rEATIS and
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' • LADIES' WARDROBE TRUNKS, DRESBLNG BAGS, with
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Also Atten's Barrack Twraitru
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J. W. ALLEN,
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Catalogue of Portal'', Bed-
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A B 0 RAILWAY GUIDE for JULY.
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aye erpreos.

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HIGH WATER AT LONDON BRIDGE.
Tarr DAY —Morning, Sh. 23as Afternoon. 123. 1•
TO-Ifonaont—Morning, ZL tam Afternoon, 4h. lens.

LONDON, SATURDAY, JUNE 30.

Ozny a few persona can recollect anything re-
sembling the toppling down of thrones and princi-
palities which is now &eking plane in North Ger-
many. Some Princes vainly resist a power which
weighs upon them like a fate, and others accept
its decision with the best grace they can. The
first only precipitate their own ruin, and render
it more complete, and the second are permitted to
disguise their downfall under the specious name of
an alliance ; but both equally lose their sove-
reignty and independence. The rulers of Ha-
nover, Saxony, and Electoral Hesse espouse the
Austrian cause, and their States are overrrn. Mein-
ingen and Reuss-Crelz hesitate, and draw down
upon them a declaration of war. The Mecklenburgs,
Bchwarzburgs, and the like, join Prussia, and
accept her plans for the future govern-
ment of Germany. The most remarkable
feature of this transformation is the facility
with which it is effected. It excites no popular
resistance, not a band is raised on behalf of the I
dispossessed Princes. The Prussians have in no
case been invited, they are no where liked ; but,
on the other hand, they are no where repelled.
The reason, apparently, is, that the people regard
what is taking place lees as an aggrandisement of
Prussia than as a consolidation of Germany, or a*.
least of that part of it which is adapted for union
under one government. They feel sure that,
although their Sovereigns disappear, they them-
selves, who remain, will have to be reckoned with,
and in this confidence they watch the progress of
events. _ _ _ . .

The history of the Governments of the fugitive
or captive Princes, or of those who are risers od
for mediatiration, affords ono more illustration of
the folly which in nineteen cases out of twenty
besets the defenders of privileged and vested
interests. Although some of these Princes,
like the Grand Duke of MECKLLNBCRO, governed
by the stick, and others, like the Elector of
Hama, took the liberty of administering per-
sonal chastisement to their subjects in the pub-
lic street, many of them were kind-hearted,
gentlemanly men, living in affable intercourse
with their people, and never quarrelling with
them so long as they were permitted in every-
thing to have their own way. They have known,
however, for the last twenty years that the main-
tenance of their pretensions in all their rigour
obstructed the progress of the country, by hinder-
ing the development of necessary institutions, and
that a modification of their sovereignty was called
for in the interest of Germany. But they took up

a position which they imagined must be safe and
permanent, because their advisers told them it was
• conservative. Instead of calmly studying the great
movements of the age, the growth of national
wants, and the tendency of national ideas, they
entrenched themselves in their legal rights, and
foolishly claimed a certain sacredness for arrange-
ments wisich were neither justified by utility, nor
bad lasted long enough to be buttressed
by prejudice. They were so far successful as to
be able by union and concert to defeat the popular
movements made from time to time to give effect
to the wishes of Germany, and having done so'
believed themselves secure. They did not perceive
that all this while they were preparing arms for the
use of the first unscrupulous Government which
should undertake to satisfy the wants of the
people ; and the consequence is that these weak
Princes have fallen a prey to the audacious ambi-
tion of a family inferior to many of them, except
in political insight and physical force.
There is no reason why any German should grieve
over their downfall. The polif cal sovereignty for
which they 'tickled dates only from the re-
nunciation of the Holy Roman Empire by the
head of the House of iustria in 1806. Before
that date many who a month ago were
rulers of independent States with high-sounding
titles, were only Hargraves and Landgraves.
They owed, directly or indirectly, to NAPOLEON a
sovereignty which was confirmed by the treaties of
1815. The German people who rose and fought
so nobly for their country in 1813 and 1814 had
dreamt of a restoration and an energetic expression
of the national unity, which the Empire had so
long represented in name. But their resolutions
had been anticipated by the selfish compacts of
individual Princes, and when peace returned Ger-
many became, not, as its people had hoped, a Fe-
deral State, but a Confederation of States which
were independent and sovereign. What is sow•
taking place is not new intho history of Germanjk
In 1803 ecclesiastical Princes were seculariied,
and in 1806 secular Princes were mediatized, in

the public opinion of the nation for a guide. But
the period of public spirit was of short duration.
The Diet soon ceased to give publicity to its dis-
cussions. In 1820 its constitution was altered in
a reactionary sense. The national wants were no
longer talked of, suad public opinion was declared
to be a will-o'-the-wisp. The Diet addicted itself
to framing exceptional laws for the protection of
arbitrary rulers, and rapidly sank to be a mere
police government. The only beneficent institu-
tion common to the States of date subsequent to
1815—theZollverein--was a union in the construc-
tion of which the Diet bad no share. The destruc-
..Eon of an assembly so barren and obstructive
ould not but be regarded with satisfaction.

from the alloys of petty cautions and errors of unbelief, and
as once more identified with all that is worth battling for in
the liberal cause, nay, as likely, we may hope, toleadusbetter
in the future, even on thievery question of reform, thanthey
have ever led ne in the past. As to the new eabinet,it will
find itself compelled to croneh to Mr. Lowe, as it did once
to Mr. Bright. Of the two we should thtuk be would not
be the pleasanter taakmar:er, particularly when the task
to be done has anything of an ecclesiastical bearing, and
men like Mr. Walpole and Mr. Newdegate—men who
really represent conservatism, and not merely the con-
servative party, will not have a happy time. They will
feel very much like Saxons seized for a Prussian army—
that compulsion may be for the general good, but falls
none the more lightly on them. The ix:lithium at best will
be most precarious, and if the ministry is really of this
kind, a toy, and not a conservative cabinet, we cannot
predict for it a long or useful lease of power.
The conservative paper, the Press, says that Lord Derby
made certain eve:ores to the Duke of Somerset and Lord
Clarendon, which were detained in the monaddl
spirit. The Earl ef Malmesbury having the
Foreign-oleo°, that poet will, in all probabi" ty, be filled
by Lord Starley. Lord Cranborne and Mr. Hardy will be
members of the cabinet, and the Earl of Carnarvon will be
a secretary of state. Lord Derby has received the strongest
assurances of support even from certain distinguished
members of the liberal party who may not at present
assume the responsibilities of office.
The Economise greatly regrets that the directors of the
Bank of England did not reduce their rate on Thursday
last. There is no instance in their history of the main-
tenance of a 10 per cent. rate with 15,000,000/. of bullion
and specie in the till. Such a reserve is so ample that in
times past it has been thought consistent with very low
rate', and is evidently so large that it is wholly unneces-
sary to Leek for more.

cfs. It

invited In
implicit
victories
)hemia, ap-
vent. We
mm Berlin,
the armies
Royal and
we pub-
claims for
both points.
the Prince

Royal recrossed Glatt, that
the army of Prince Frederick Charles retreated to
Niemen, north-east of Tiernsu and Mtinchengratz—
therefore nearer the Prussian frontier on that side
—and that the junction of the Prussian armits
was prevented. In a case where repreaentations
so entirely conflicting as those of the Berlin
and Vienna tebewams are made, it is of course
impossible to say on which side the truth lies.
That one of them must he grossly
deceh hug
the public is obvious, unless we are to suppose that,
the battle which lasted two days remained
undecided, and that each party, therefore,
claimed the victory. Not only does each side
claim the victory in the field, but the Berlin accounts
state that the Prussians took Mitnehangrittz, while
the Vienna accounts state that the Prussians were
driven considerably to the north-east of that place.
Munchengrits, where the battle between the
Austrians and Prussians has taken place, is not
unknown in contemporary history, for it was in
this tow .1 that the Emperor of Russia, the
Emperor of Austria, and the King of Pi anis,
"to further strengthen their relations of
friendship and good neighbourhood," signed the
treaty of September 8, 1833, by which each
mutually bound himself to furnish a corps of 35,000
men to his allies, in are of a fresh national move-
-, in Poland.

ADDRESS OF THE ARCHDUKE ALI3RECH'r
The Vienna Graeae publ;ahes the following
eddrecs from the .A-ehrinke Albrecht to his army :
Soldiers !—The moment so long expected has come at
length—the war begins. Once more our neilhbocv
stretches forth his hand to seize the bright jewel of or -
monarch's crown which has been entrusted to your pro-
tection. The honour of the army, the honour of each one
of us, is bound to preserve this pledge. I cannot give
you a more striking proof of my confidence than by
telling you frankly that the enemy has made
enormous preparations and that he is greatly our
superior in numbers. The task we have to perform
is a difficult one, and is therefore worthy of you. With
God's help we shall once agalu fulfil it gloriously with un.
wearied perseverance, and with that tenacity which is the
inheritance of the Austrian, and which never doubts of
itself. On our side is sacred right, which must always
triumph in the end. VV natever happens nothing will
abate your ardent courage ; nothing will shake your firm
confidence in the final victory. Blinded by the easy suc-
cess which he has obtained elsewhere from his alliance with
treason, treachery, and corruption, our adversary put. no
bounds on his arrogance and rapacity ; he dreams
of being able to display his colours on the Brenner and the
heights of Kant. But this time the contest is sr:th a
power which feels that its existence is at stake, and which
is determined to conquer or to fall gloriously if it must do
so. Make the enemy, however, remember how often he
has Bed before yon. Forward, then, soldiery ! The eyes
of the Emperor—the eyes of the nation—the eyes of your
mothers, wives, and brethren are turned towards you, full
of ardent sympathy and expectation. Forward, then, to
the battle, in the name of God, and to the spirit-stirring
cif of " Long live the Emperor !"
(Signed) Archduke Auntscar, Field-Marshal.

ADDRESS OF THE ELECTOR OF HESSE.
Frederick William, Elector of Hesse, before his
departure for Stettin, addressed the following
proclamation to his people :
To my faithful people—On the eve of being carried into
foreign captii Ity, my paternal heart feels the want of ad-
dressing this farewell to my faithful subjects. May
Almighty God take my people under his fatherly keepso7,
and make the present calamity which is inflicted on me
and on my house prove a wholesome trial, and procure
peace for me and my people. At the same time, forced to
leave the country of my fatbers,l beg that all functionaries
in the parts of the Hessian territory now under occupa-
tion may continue to exercise their functions under the
conditions heretofore in practice, in virtue of the oath
which they have taken and under the reserve of fidelity
which, as subjects, they owe to me. In thus acting they
will best maintain, under all circumstance", the rights of
the country and avoid being troubled by the stings of con-
science. May God soon restore to us better days.
Wilhemshohe, June 23. FREDERICK WILMA 11.

(zzurzs'e racaoa►ne.)
THE BATTLES IN BOHEMIA.
VIENNA, Jezis 29, 8.15 r.n.
The following official despatch relates to the
battles of the 28th inst. : _ -

"Pardubitz, June 29.

"The Prussians were yesterday completely de-
feated by the Austrian forces, under General von
Gablenz. Leaving behind 1,000 killed and wounded,
they withdrew to Prussian territory towards
Glatz. _ .

After occupying Jicin yesterday, the Prussians
were attacked by the cavalry division of General von
Edelsheim, they were driven out of Jicin, and re-
pulsed towards Tiernan. In consequence of this
defeat, the Prussians last night evacuated Melnik,
Druba, and Leipa, and withdrew in great haste to
Niemen. The Prussian losses by General von
Edelsheim's attack were enormous.

" The strategic operation of the Austrian aimy
was completely successful. The junction of Prince
Frederick Charles with the army of Silesia was
prevented.
" The Austrian loss in the battles of the last
three days is estimated at nearly 2,000 killed and
wounded. The Prussian loss is at least equal."

AMERICA.
ARRIVAL OF THE AFRICA.
(Via Rocks's Pont.)
NEW YORK, Juire 19.

The House of Representatives has adopted a re-
solution requesting the President to furnish infor-
mation relative to the alleged arrest of peaceable
citizens of the United States by the British autho-
rities in Ireland. _ _

Thaddeus Stevens delivered a speech in the
House on Saturday advocating a Federal loan of
20,000,009 dots. to Mexico.
A joint resolution authorising Congress to im-
pose an export duty upon cotton has been de-
feated in the house. _ _ _ _ _

Ortega, who claims to be the legal President of
Mexico, is reported to have submitted a propped at
Washington for a treaty between the United States
and Mexico, embracing a large loan to Mexico upon
the security of Sonora, Chihuahua, and Sinaloa.
Gold rose yesterday to 168, in consequence of
the news by the Peruvian.
, Lewis Cass is dead.

The China has arrived at Halifax. The Peru-
vian, Quebec, 13orussia, and Hanes have arrived
out.

The Fenian president Roberta has had iflterviews
at Washington with Senators Wilson, Wads, Nye,
Grinnell, Colfax, and others. Roberta was hitrO-
&Nod yesterday on the floor of the Senate by

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peror, for the conveniense of Aare Prin iterellii"flivfere, in Irtile tr."lna. t litypiltd" be
feezd' ea
, . VOlCEtiticheall thehe delivers with Gold Ihnearalmdr"li of
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Ma. ---w--- .
I manufactory :
To womunanship of pattern chain, 54 inches long la.
d. had been fortunate enough to take the winning ... , •__„,_l i '
Denoting various exceptions the bawls Review comes THE WAR IN BOHEMIA.
i , To (111) carat gold, weighing au dwt. gm. as side, and now others are to disappear in order
i A 3s. Sid. per ounce, mint Price
1 .
upon Tata e the cause of human happiness, and that Germany would yesterday's Express, as to yielding
stronger government and more popular inatitu- run the risk of passing through a lamentable period of credence in one-sided reporta of
Ise @Duellist. sZteZkythdebiseQVdAiniodYsuann' Wgitoos°ls,oanduk. raiemia.VAL" 1 tiona. The general applause with which the rend- absolutism, religious oppresaion, and intellectual decay if from the scene of war in Bohe
r' John arced= looking for • air rang
to ca the
or log of the Confederation has been greeted Amnia wer) too sueceadul. No one in fact would rafter
ship only, which is charged according to the intricacy or slam& . more from. her own triumph than Austria herself, for it is Pea" to be justified ;by the eve
city ot die pattern—bunatactay, ut merriettaaseet, covens- m North Germany is equally remarkable. It had
'p preen. Leedom impossible for her at once to go on in the path of in
come to be regarded, and with reason, as a league . _ _._ be the •wit,of •bad and
atuiouncing decisive victories by th
progress and externally to ma• y a tonal yeaterday published the telegrams from
i 1" and G. SAMPSON, Tailors and Outfitters, of the Princes against the people. During the worn-out system. under the command of the Prince I
; e, • i 'and a. Priamalamea toMeater-acluam. W.• kaaP an first year or two of its existence the Federal Diet
enormous maser Nora CLOTHING ready muds. The spectator expresses satisfaction that ministers have Princ4 Frederick Charles. To-day
Does X incluirensinc Salts
Stow and Drces Salts tla to 40s.
Bascosr °wow& Ha. to ms. The plenipotentiaries spoke of the duty of satisfy- for they have not fallen for any of the defects of the bill,
the Austrian army decisive victorx on b
lish the Vienna telegram, which c
Suitable tor all times.
widest %be-
' - •• • • • .. ~ _ _......:__ e— . ..,;da_ But ran may once wore regard them ns their leaders, sa purified It ill distinctly stated that the treeps of
- " - -' -- -1••••'..1". —a Royal recroseeik the frontier towards (