The Express.
London, England, 1860-12-18 00:00:00

FRANCE.

PARIS, TUESDAY ZiOWIIO.
The Monitewr contains a decree reducing the num-
ber of officials in the Imperial Courts of Rennes
and Poitiers, augmenting the number of tribunal
judges in some towns and diminishing them in
others.

The Moniteur also publishes a decree suppressing
the prohibition against the export from Algeria of
barks for tanning purposes.
HUNGARY.
VIENNA, MOXDAY.
According to advises received here from Hun-
tiother comitata are following the example set
the Comitat of Pesth in reference to the proposals
to be submitted to the Chancellor.

The ;Oardinal Primate of Hungary arrived in
Vienna a few days ago. After having had a long
conference with Baron Vay, he was received by the
Emperor. He yesterday returned to Gran.
According to the lithcEn!Ph°l correspondence
published in Vienna, the revision of the Concordat
will for the present be limited to the re-establish-
ment of the religious privileges of the Primate of
Hungary.
VIENNA, MONDAY Swarm.
It is asserted that the Chancellor of Hungary has
resolved upon replying negatively to the demands or
the Oomitattof Pesth, on account of the proceedings
connected with the address having transgressed
constitutional limits.

DALMATIA.
VIENNA, MONDAY Enigma.
The Wonderer of this evening publishes telegrams
from Zara, dated the 16th. and 17th inst., according
to which strong and universal agitation prevailed
in that city and in the provincial towns of Dalmatia,
**net the administrative incorporation of Dal-
matia with Croatia, without that project being
first submitted for the approval of the Dalmatian
Diet.

SARDINIA AND SWITZERLAND.
BERNE, Monnsr.
Count Cavour has addressed another note to the
Federal Council, stating that he withdraws, under
certain oonditions, the demand contained in his
note of the 10th November last, for the removal of
the sequestration placed upon the income of the
Bishopric of Como, in the canton of Tessin.

BAVARIA.
MUNICH, Dze. 17.
Baron Verger, Bavarian Minister Plea' ten-
tiary at Turin, having been recalled, the Sardinian
Minister has, in cionsequense, received orders to
quit his post at the Bavarian court.

TEE UNTIED STATES.
LIVERPOOL, TVwIAT Yownro.

The Royal Mail steamship Africa, Captain
Shannon, which left New York on the Bth instant,
arrived in the Mersey at one o'clock this morning,
having been detained at the bar several hours by
the state, of the tide.
A telegraphic summary of the President's mes-
sage and the bawd commercial intelligence has
been already published.

THE BOMBAY MALL
YALTA, Dec. 15.
The Bombay mail of the 25th ult. arrived here
this morning, and left at 2 p.m. for Marseilles.

AUSTRIA.

At Vienna, on the 14th instant, the following
sentences were paned on Messrs. Richter, Krnmb-
holz, and Bayer :
1. Faecal' Richter, partner in two cotton-mills, and prin-
cipal director of the Credit Bank, is guilty of thesrirne of
having led to an abuse of official power by giving to the
Imperial Royal Field-Marshal Lieutenant Baron von Eynat-
ten Northern Railroad shame of the value of 25,&1411. skr.
Austrian cuvrency, with the intent to induce him to be
partial in his decisioas relative to the supplies for the
army.
2. On account of insufficient proof he is acquitted of the
charge of having been guiLy of defraudation by artfully
bringing into account, and that to the dieadvautsge of the
Supreme C‘inineado of the army, a sum of Z*4711.1, 37kr.
on bills of the value of 20,0004-
3. Francis Richter is declared to be innocent, and to be
sequined of the following charges of fraud made against
him. Of having drawn up a false account to the advantage
of the Ministry of Finances and to the prejudice of the
Credit Bank ; of having, to the detriment of the State, in-
tentionally reduced the quantity and quality of the mate-
rial used for making the 4,000,000 as of calico which he
undertook to supply ; and of having, to the prejudice of the
sub-oon diminished the quantity of calico he had
luxlertakim to deliver.

The verdict of the bench having been read aloud,
the counsel for the crown rose, and declared that
he intended to appeal against • part of it. He,
however, aid that as there were " many exte-
nuating circumstances," and Richter had long been
in confinement, he recommended him to the mercy
of the court. After the President had stated what
had induced him and his four colleagues to give such
a verdict as they had done, the court retired for
about half an hour, and on its return pronounced
the following sentence :
The defendant, Francis Richter, is condemned to impri-
sonment for one month, during three days of which month
he is to fest (to have nothing bat bread and water). The
present of 25,634f1. is to be given to the eleemosynary fund
of the city of Vienna, and the costa of the trial are to be
home by the defendant.
The defendants, John ICrumbholz, the manager of
Richter's cotton mills, and Henry Bayer, Richter's agent,
having been found innocent, are acquitted, and the State
has to pay all costa.

TIM RIPOSTED PIACI WITH CHINA.—We un-
derstand the despatch received by the Government, and
published in the lapreu yesterday, announcing the
conclusion of pence with China, was commuoicated by the
Fustian government to Sir John Crampton at St. Peters-
burg, and by him transmitted to the Foreign-office.

fas Firsce Swum—The Moniteur of yeab3r-
day ollicially announces the appointment of M. Troplong,
Pint President of the Conn of Caseation, as President of
the Senate for the year 1861 ; of M. de Royer as First Vice-
President, and Marshals &Twiny 'Million, Eastland de
Saint Jean d'Angely, and Pannier, as Vice-President..

The A roar Commercial announces that the nego-
tiatioes for a treaty of commerce between France and
Belgium are advancing Tepidly, and that one of the points
on which the negotiators are agreed is the complete sup-
pression of the duty on coals. This suppression will actually
lead to the removal of all duty on English coal, according to
the terms of the treaty of the 25th of January. The /emir
adds that few measures will be so well received as this by
all manufacturers in France.

In a letter from Rome we read :—" The artistical
campaign has commenoed this year under Australian sue-
vices, a rich amateur from that colony, Mr. Josephson,
having given a series of Collllllll3liooll to several sculptors.
Amongst his purchases are Mr. Gibeen's ' Venus,' Mr.
Mozier's , Silence,' Mr. Spence's ' Lady of the Lake,' •
repetition of the subject selected by the Queen, his Monta-
nan,' ani another funnels figure. Mr. Itagers's studio has
also contributed to the eolleetion of Mr. Josephson, which,
it appears, will be oossiderably enlarged before his depar-
ture from Rome. The priocipal novelty in Mr. Gibson's
studio is a group, which he has jest completed, representing
a Greek warrior, with a female figure kneeling to dress a
wound in his thigh. The warrior, • type of vigorous man-
hood, careless of his hurt, but still moodily pondering over
' the burly burly done, when the battle's lost col won,'
contrasts finely with the tender womanly form who bends
anxiously over the performance of her labour of love."

'.,TfI4'VNITED STATES.

liI3ESAGE.

The Africa, which arrived at Queenstown on Sun-
day evening, brought the New York journals containing the
President's lineage in full, and which extends over some
nine columns. The following is • much fuller summary of
the meemge than appeared in our columns yesterday :
"Fellow-citizens of the Senate and House of Represents.
tivee,—Throughout the year, since our last meeting, the
country has been eminently prosperous in all its material
interests. The genteel health has been excellent, our har-
vests have been abundant, and plenty miles throughout the
land. Our commerce and manufactures have been prosecuted
with energy and industry, and have yielded fair and
ample returns. In short, no nation in the tide of time
has ever presented a spectacle of greater material pros.
pesky then we have done until within • recent period.
Why is it, then, that discontent now so extensively
prevails, and the union of the States, which is the
source of all these blessings, is threatened with destruc-
tion? The long-centinaed and intemperate interference of
the Northern people with the question of slavery in the
Southern States has at length produced its natural
effects. The different sections of the Union are now
arrayed aphid earl other, and the time has arrived—so
much dreaded by the father of his country—when
hostile geographical parties have been formed. I have
long foteeeen and often forewarned my countrymen of
the now impending danger. The incessant and violent
agitation of the slavery question throughout the north
during the last quarter of • century has at length pro.
deceit its malign influence on the slaves, and inspired than
with vague notions of freedom. Hence • sense of security
us longer exiate around the family alter. This feeling of
peace at home has given place to apprehensions of servile
insurrections. Many • matron throughout the south retires
at night in dread of what may betel herself and berchildren
before the morning. Should this apprehension of domestic
danger, whether reel or imaginary, extend and inten-
sify itself until it shall pervade the muses of the
southern people, then disunion will become inevitable.
How easy would it be for the American people to settle the
slavery question for ever, and restore pesos and harmony
to this dickered oonntey. They and they only can do it.
All that is neesseary to accomplish the object, and an for
which the slave dais ever anteceded, is to be let alone and
permitted to masa their demedis is stintions in their
own wm. Al sovereign states, they and they only are
responidge before God sad the world for the slavery ex.
isting moo' them. For this the people of the North are
no more responsible, and have no more right to inter-
fere, than with similar institutions in Russia or in
Brains Upon their good sense and patriotic forbear-
ance I coulees I still greatly rely. Without their aid
its beyond the power of any president, no matter
what may be his own political views, to restore peace
and harmony among them. Wisely limited and restrained
as to his power under our constitution and laws, he alone
can accomplish but little for good or for evil on such a mo-
mentous question ; and this brings me to observe that the
election of any one of our fellow-citizens to the office of
president does not of itself afford just cause for climbing
the union. The election of a president of the United States,
in • sonstitutional manner, cannot, of itself, justify seces-
sion or revolution. The constitution does not contemplate
the act of separation or disunion, and therefore then ma
be no legal and constitutional seceenon of any state from
the union. The personal liberty Ms of several northern
natesare in direst ceedietwith the eineshintaoll of the United
States, and ought to be repealed. If continued upon the
statute books of the northern data, after the public atten-
tion has been directed to the subject, the injured states will
be justified in revolution. The President leas no power ex-
cept to see that the laws are executed, and for this purpose
certain facilities are given him. He cermet maintain the
judiciary in setae like South Carolinsoilsere Went °MOO=
reign. Bat he has power over the collection of enstorns,
and over the public property of the United Stake, toasted
within the several states, and to protect these the peens-
meet forces will act strictly on the defensive. Congress
pommel no power to make war upon a state to compel
inch state to remain in the Union, and if force could be
used for each purpose • continuance of the government
in its spirit and unity could not thus be maintained. To
restore tranquillity, and furnish to all the states • guarantee
for the enjoyment of their rights, as contemplated under
our system, certain amendments to the federal constitution
are necessary, and may be proposed by Common and rati-
fied by the states, or through the medium of • convention
called on the application of the states. Unlawful military
expeditious have been oouatenanced by may of our citi-
zens, sod were suffered, in defiance of the government, to
escape from oar shores, for the purpose el makieg war
upon the unoffending people of neighbouring republics
with whom we were at peace. In addition to these
and other difficulties we experienced a revulsion in mone-
tary affair soon after my advent to power of unexampled
severity, and of ruinous consequences to all the great inte-
rests of the country. When we take a retrospect of what
was then our condition, and contrast this with its material
prosperity at the time of the late presidential election, we
have abundant reason to return our grateful thanks to that
merciful Providence which has never tombs us as a nation
in all our past trials. Our relations with Great Britain are
of the most friendly character. Since the commencement
of my administretion the two dangerous questions arising from
the Clayton sad Bulwer treaty, and from the right of march
carried by the British government, have been amicablyand ho-
nourably adjusted. The discordant constructions of the
Clayton and Bulwer treaty between the two governments,
which at different periods of the discussion bore a threaten-
ing aspect, have resulted in • final settlement entirely
satisfactory to this government. Mien be a source of sin-
cere iwitisfection to all classes of our fellow-citizens, and es-
pecially to those engaged in foreign commerce, that the
claim on the part of Great Britain for forcibly to take and
search American merchant vessels on the high seas in time
of peace has been abandoned. This was by far the mostdanger-
ons question to the peace of the two countries which has
existed sine the war of 1812. Whilst it remained open,
they might at any moment have been precipitated into
a war. The only question of my importance still remaining
open is the disputed title between the two governments to
the island of San Juan in the vicinity of Washington tent-
tory. As this question is still under negotiation, it is not
deemed advisable at the present moment to make any other
allusion to the subject. The recent visit of the Prince of
Wales in a private character to the people of this country
has proved to be a most auspicious event. In its conse-
quence* it cannot fail to increase the kindred and kindly
feelings which, I trust, may ever actuate the governments
end people of both countries in their political and social inter-
course with each other. With France, our ancient and vener-
able ally, our relations continue to be of the most friendly
character. Our relations with the great empire of-Russia
are all that we could desire. Our relations with Spain are
now of a more complicated, though leas dangerous, cha-
racter than they have been for many years. Our citizens
have long held, and continue to hold, numerous claims
against the Spanish government. These have been ably
urged for a series of yam by war suoceseive diplomatic
representatives at Madrid, hat without bringing redrew It
is more than probable that the final adjustment of these
claims will devolve upon my successor. I reiterate the re-
commendation contained in my annual messaged December,
1858, and repeated in that of December, 1859, in favour of
the acquisition of Cuba from Spain by fair purchase.
I firmly i,elieve that such an acquisitioe would contribute
essentially to the well-being and prosperity of both coun-
tries in all future time. as well as prove the certain means
of immediately abolishing the African slave trade through.
out the world. I would not repeat this reoummendation

upon the present occasion if I believed that the transfer
of Cuba to the United States, upon conditions highly
favourable to Spain, could justly tarnish the national
honour of the proud and ancient Spanish monarchy.
With the Emperor of Austria and the remaining conti-
nental powers, including that of the Sultan, our rela-
tions continue to be of the most satisfactory character.
The friendly and peaceful policy pursued by the govern-
ment of the United States towards the empire of China
has produced the moat satisfactory results. The treaty of
Tientsin, of the 114th of June, 1/438, has been faithfully ob-
served by the Chinese authorities. Our relations with
Mexico still remain in a most unsatisfactory condition. The
financial condition of the country is briefly discussed. The
president refers to the promise Of retrenchment contained
in his first annual message, and shows that it has been re-
deemed by a considerable reduction in the annual expendi-
ture during the last two years. It is with great satisfac-
tion I communicate the fact that since the date of my last
annual message not a single dare ha. been hefted into
the United States in violation of the laws ibiting
African slave trade. The mellow co with some
remarks about the necessity of modification. in the tariff.

Aooonnta from Lyons state that the late soft
weather has produced • remarkable effect on the new
wince. These wines, which were becoming perfectly clear
during a few frosty days, are now fermenting • second time
in the casks.