The Express.
London, England, 1859-06-25 00:00:00

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LONDON. SATURDAY, JUNE 25.

ACCORDING to the Times, our new Govern-
meat is so little mindful of the honour of Eng-
land, that it chooses the very moment of increas-
ing danger to diminish the preparations fur national
defence, and inaugurate a system of ill-timed
economy. Oar insurance against invasion is to be
allowed to drop, ns al expenditure is to be retrenched,
the courts made to raise up • fleet sufficient for the
defence of our shores are to cease. 'lhis ia the doing
of the Cti sxcELLOR of the Excitant' us. Mr. GI.AD-
*TONE does not believe in the possibility of
• war; he will not encounter the odium
of necessary taxation ; he has no sympathy with
the manly instincts of the country ; and in • great
crisis he condemns us to weakness and obseutity.
Stich iethe story, which, we will undertake to say,
surprised alt who read it yesterday. No one, we are
sure, was prepared to learn that Mr.GLADSTONE was
so powerful as to overrule the whole Cabinet in a
matter engrave as the defence of the country. Lord
sad Lard JOIIN RteSELL know that if
you tough the navy you touch the apple of the
Englishman's eye, and is it likely that they would
commence their administration by asking Mr. GLAD•
ATONI how much safety tie could stf.ird to let the
nation enjoy ? Then there are able administrators in
the Gbivernment—the Duke of Soneasrr at the
Admiralty, sad Mr. SIDNRY Hausa:at at the War-
office, and we aze invited to suppose that they, too,
are ready to acquiesce in the discontinuance of our
naval preparations.

Whit is the ground of there disquieting state-
ments ? They have no ground whatever. The
single tangible fact alleged—" the diminished sell-
? city in the Dockyardv," by which, we presume, is
meant the discontinuance of the practice of working
over-hoar, commenced a few months since—has taken
place in consequence of orders issued by the great
" reconstructor " of the British nary, Sir 'mix
Whether io the prospect of seeing his
administration overhauled by unfriendly hands the
late First Lord began toaet his house in order we can-
not sty, but one of his lost acts was to diminish the
activity in our dockyard., which he would hardly
hare done bad he not beta satisfied that a portion of
it well unnecessary and excessive. let the late
Board of Admiralty, however, answer for itself. The
fact moat material, now that the question is whether
we have an Administration likely to look to the
defences of the country, is that the present Govern-
ment has neither ordered nor suggested reductions
of any kind in the establishments connected with
the defame* of the country. A very little inquiry,
which it wee surely worth while to make, would
have sufficed to save our contemporary from mislead-
ing the vast public which places implicit confidence
in its statements.

The new Board of Admiralty has not got
into full work yet; indeed, it is not yet com.
pletely constituted. Wbeo, however, it is fairly
in operation we shall not be at all surprised, eonsi.
deriog the lavish manner in which business has been
done of late in Whitehall, a it find many things to
modify in the arrangements of its predecessors.
Eagrr and enormous expenditure does not always
imply coere•pondiag efficiency, and a wise liberality
in one direction may be met by equally wise curtail
meat in another. It is nor, linweeer, by com-
pering petty and partial details, but by watching
results, that we shall form • right estimate
of the merits of the new naval administra-
tion. If it gives us good ships and plenty of them
—if it makes the service attractive to seamen,
and entrusts the Meet to good officers, the public
will leave it to take its own way of going about the
business.

The new Administration, like all that hare gone
before it, has its weak side ; but neither its general
composition, ace the character of its chiefs can be
said to encourage the charge that it is about to
direst the country of necessary means of defence.
Lord PALmettsrox is not the man to permit England
to descend to no level of Spain or Naples; and Lord
Jong Russet'. tell, the City that the nonentity of
England which he will maintain must be
honourable." We may be certain, without the
superadded assurances of Mr. GLAbsTON L, that
when these statesmen moire to attain the ends they
will not neglect the means.

To a future generation of Englishmen it will seem
inconceivable that, much an we sympathised, se a
people, with the great Italian cause, we did
not more deeply appreciate the mighty mo-
ments in which we now live. We have still
to learn whether the war, which is now
Italian only, is destined to stretch throughout
Central Europe. Prussia has oracularly threatened
to lead the Gerugn,.... Confederation into war, and
Russia has likewi,oe threatened to lead her &Myosins*
races against Germany. Civilis►tioe, at any rate, has
brought us to this. that wars, actual or impending,
which used to be dynastic, have now become national.
Ten years ago all our European confederacies
were confederacies of kings against peoples—now
they are coutederaci-s of nations rising in defence of
nations. This at a,l eschis is a great fact in the
general growth of popular freedom, and in the
general retrogression of kingly power. Hut with
regard to the Prussian Court, we believe that that
Government is nue a hat it has shown itself in every
crisis since the sr of the Great 1.1410Ei:11 C. DUO..
city, faint-beartedners, and irresolution have invari-
ably narked its Filmy in important junctures.
beyond proportion to the natural weight of ita
councils in the government of Europe. It is quite
sufficient to revert to the great French war, in order
to appreciate the inherent preponderance of French
over Austrian sympashiee at Berlin. There never
was a danger surrounding Austria to which Pruseia
cLd not :vok for tLe acquisition of political capital.

Uniting with Russia and Austria in 1792, under the'
Treaty of Pilnitz, Prussia fell away three years
afterwards from the cause of the Corservative
Power., and seceded to the French alliance under
the Treaty of Bade, in 1795. Thenceforth a neutral
Power, she calmly taw Austria rained sucomeively
in the peace of Campo Formic) in 1797, in the peace
of Luneville in 1801, and in the peace of Freiburg
in 1805. In many respects the present moment
strikingly reminds as of the interval between the
fall of Ulm and the battle of Austerlitz, which ter-
minated in the above-mentioned peace of 1806. Ulm
was the Magenta of the First NtroteoN, and the
long march which 'dirtied him from the source of the
Danube to the :tustrian capital and the plains of
Moravia has now in some respects its parallel in the
march of. the Allies from Milan to the frontier of
Venetia. During the march that succeeded the fall
of IL lm, Prussia was as active in vacillating demon-
atrationa as she is now. She sent II ‘euet rrz, on
the eve of Austerlitz, to the camp of both
armies. The story is variously told ; but it is
acknowledged that the mission of the Prussian
Minister was in substance to congratulate the victor-
As if to complete the parallel, a mysterious duality
now hangs over the person of the present Prussian
ambassador at Vienna. It was first asserted that
the envoy of Prussia at that Court had left the
Austrian capital with Count RECIMERG fur Verona.
We were then informed by a telegram, in a de-
signedly circumstantial contradiction of the rumour,
that Count PotarCLES was about to arrive in
Paris. As it happened that the Cunt was the Prus-
sian representative at Paris, Baron Wasters hold-
ing the tame post at Vienna, the original statement
remained unessailed ; and between the two puppets,
PM:REALES and WE ETHER, Prussia may be playing
over again the old game of ILteowliz. Let either
party be decisively beaten, and then no doubt
Prussian policy will be restored to its former inno-
cence, and lose all its ambiguity.
While, however, the alleged anti•Galliciem of
Germany, if it be general, is far from being unani-
mous, the intelligence of almost every day lessens
public sympathy even in that country foe Austria.
Daily some fresh atrocity, emanating more or less
directly from the Austrians, is brought to light. It
wee but just now that we read with indignation of
the barbarous murder of an Italian peasant by an Aus-
trian Field Marshal, in the circular of M. DE CA VOCE.
We now find that the Seim Guards, which had left
Itome and had reached Perugia, have copied the
example of Marshal URBAN, and have there butchered
men, women, and children with izdiscrinsinate bar-
barity. This diabolical inspiration seems to be the
mantle which most naturally falls upon the Oilmen
guards of Catholic and Apostolic thrones. From all
that we learn, there appears to have been no prove-
cition for this fresh massacre; nothing but an
inherent instinct of the devilish, and an innate lust
of murder. These things all hasten the end ; and
even the blood shed in assassination, as well as the
blood nobly poured out in battle, tends to the emanci-
pation of Italy. No doubt some of thesestatemento
are read with incredulity to the north of the Alpe•
Aestrian officer., who are gentlemen at Vienna and
at Prague, are assassins at Milan and Verona. This
dual existence strikes one, at first sight, as eons►
what strange; but the evidence of the facts is in-
contestable. Unless we are greatly mistaken, Ger-
many is beginning to see through the veil which its
rulers have so indiudrionsly woven. The German
press, in spite of the censorship. under which it
languishes, has lately adopted a course which in-
dicates it.s conviction that sympathy with a war of
I liberation must be universal. Public opinion there
manifests every desire to terminate a vicious system
of Italian government, compounded of all the cruel-
ties of military domination, and of all the artifices of
spiritual tyranny. Austria may retain her own
military foram, and use them in undiminished num.
bers ; bat this growing conviction, which appears to
be now stealing even over Germany, tends directly
to cat away all the sympathies which constitute her
moral support in Europe.

HOUSE OF LORDS.—FaIDAT, JUNE 24.

Lord RILDISDALLSO Deputy Speaker, took his seat OR AO
wodrack at 6 o'clock.

- -
The foil twisg private MN were read a seeand time :—Earl
Vane's Estate, Caledonian Railway (Eigehill to Gareton),
Birtenbewls Lencmhire, and Ought.: Junction Railway ;
North Briush sad Selkirk and Galashiele It silway Comps.
airs, Castle Douglas sal Dumfries Railway, Listesiteed
Quay, sad Rampatuad Inaction Railway.
Graeae Disabilities Removal Bill wee read a third time
sad pessrd.
Lord JIASSEREENE pretented a petition from the
council of the Belfs.t Chamber of Commerse, alleg an that
the waterless and lighteinten of the Taames have privdegos
which are lacompati(ll %vats the (readout of trade, en I pray.
bag their {sleds/sips to per a measure to remove all monopoly,
end permit the fres two of tie river.
The how tint adjourned till Monday.

It is stated that the following changes are to take
pion in the Board of Admiralty, onmerthent on the cheep of
the ministry Vioe-Adwiral W. F. Martin, Ither-Adralral
Sir Alexander Milne, and Ite.r•Admiral Sir Henry Leeks,
retire from the Board. Vice-Admirsl the Hon. Sir It.
Demise, ILC.B , will rotors to the Board. and to the drat
sisal led. Rear-Admiral Frederik Thomas Pelham,
C. 8., torsion private sweats:, to the Duke of Northum-
berland 'ben First Lord, and subee•luently one of the junior
lords under Sir Clarke Wood ; Commodore Charles Edon,
C.B. (Comptroller-General of the Coastguard), and Captain
Froth (oomnianding the C.,-ssr) are men.ioned as the =cow
ems Is the miring officers.

It in stated in naval circles that Captain the Hon.
6. T. Cernerie has been 'elected to till the Oboe of Comp-
troller-Gemmel of the Coitetgnard in the route of Commodore
Edea.

The Right Honourable Vernon Smith, on being
called to the upper hours, receives the title of Lord Lyveden,
after the name of an ancient manor= hi. estate in Ref t Lamp-
tonrhire. Mr. R. E. %Veiny, of the Treasury, has Loen er-
poieted priests secretory to Mr. Lting.

. .
The electors of Tiverton, with proper regard for
the beevy public duties which devolve= thEir repreeestative,
hew derided on diepenvieg with I,,rd Pahoeret ,e's personal
attendance at hie re-election. The formal ceremasy will be
duly performed on Mceday wet.

Mr. Ayrtoo, the member for the Tower Hamlets,
will, it • very early periol of the 6'1.101, bring forward •
reeoloCon on the subject of the pipe duty.

- - "
A moralist; paper believes that Mr. Walter Ber-
wick, chairman of the East Riding of C•rk, tea been 'p-
p-dated judge of the Bankrupt Court, vice Maces, deceased.
hays great pleasure," says the Herald, " is
mb Hag that the Board of Admiralty have paid • very
gratifying tribute to the services of Mr. Corry, as their ar
aviary, by promoting his nephew, Lien.eaant the How.
Anew Lowry Curry, now serving to ha M ajw. t) • s skip
Mew, to the rank of commander."

The committee of the Architectural 31useum have
istassd cards toe a rtceptic is at South Kcns'isgtoe, ou Thurs-
day, July 7.

The Surrey Arebn•llogical Fo:iety will hold its
anneal session et ll{almond. A teraporsr) we. ruei r.ll be
teemed le the woo of ilas Cavalry Collis, ea the Green, sad
will be open for iespeetion oe Mendty, Jely 4.

The Marquis of Hartford is haring large sod
careful pbotegesphe male of his co'leett.a of picture'.
0 Lwd Hortford's example will, we tru.tr observes the
Illmstret•ti Lohrlon Serra, "be tAloired by oiler collector'.
We should like to Rte photographs of the Clwasa's oollectios,
of the Stafford ant Gruoenor gelleries—at, is feet. all the
wary bait pictures we have in Englead. The Hampton
Coast cartoon. bays bets done, and done well. The works
of fispheel in Zsglasd would tusks en adzoirebledrewinge
roofs table b.ab, sad a velusble volume for coosoiseesr,
collector, and *Karst."

Mr. James Lay, of GeneTo, hu arrived in
earn.