The Express.
London, England, 1867-12-09 00:00:00

THE EXPRESS, MONDAY EVENING, DECEMBER 9,186 t.

" how the funds are spent so long as you are aura
"of your dividends." Political moralists would
have something to say on the other ride.
Our colonies, however, should beware of the
bane of too fatal a facility in borrowing. As yet
there is no harm done, but it is bat to be wise in
time. When it is found that loans can be easily
contracted, it is astonishing how readily a legisla-
ture can be induced to tide over the difficulty of
a deficit by a temporary advance. The habit
quickly grows. To take a foreign instance.
Turkey contracted her first European loan in
1854. In 1858 she borrowed again, then in
1860, then 1862, next 1863-4, next in 1865
(two loans), and would probably go on if Western
capitalists only gave the opportunity. The ex-
penses of the Crimean war, redemption of the
various currencies, consolidation of the home debt,
&c., were the reasons, all perhaps legitimate in
themselves. Egypt, again, commenced borrow-
ing in 1862, and has proceeded pretty regularly
ever since. Here again there wore the same
tangible pretexts : railway purposes, purchase
or redemption of real property, and so forth. The
financier who could prove that in both these coun-
tries the sums borrowed were fully applied to
their specific objects would deserve no small praise.
No doubt the engagement at first was regularly
carried out, but the temptation to a lapse is often
nearly irresistible.
For this reason we would counsel our colonies
to avoid borrowing too much. As it is, their debt
can be easily borne. No greater mistake could
be made than to increase the obligation unneces-
sarily or hastily. Already their applications on
our market have been lately so frequer I that it
may be advisable for all reasons to pause. A
borrower who appears every year must count
upon getting a decreasing value for his securities.

OUR CONTEMPORARIES.
(THIS DAY.)

THE AUTUMNAL SESSION.

Two or three of our contemporaries enter this
morning upon a brief review of the session whieh
closed on Saturday. The Times observes that the
absence of any real fighting has rendered Mr. Dia-
raeh's presence less necessary to the government than

it would be under ordinary circumstances. Lord
Stanley, upon whom the burden fell, failed to
reconcile the active preparations for the Abyssinian ex-
pedition which were made contemporaneously with his
celebrated speech of July with the tone of the speech
itself ; but the house felt that any errors the government
had committed did not affect the merits of their policy,
and willingly sanctioned what had been done. Lord
Stanley's conduct in regard to the conference has gone
far to strengthen the position of the ministri, and hu been
completely justified by the recent declarations of M. Rouher,
Indeed if we were boned to accept hf. Rouher's statement
that France would under no circumstances permit the ex-
isting

Papal dominion to be curtailed or modified as •
trustworthy representation of the Imperial policy, we
should find it difficult to exprem in fitting words our sense
of the delusive character of an invitation to a conference
on the question. The debates in parliament on other sub-
jects than the Abyssinian expedition have been, adds the
Times, of no value except to prove the worthlessness of
the suggestion occasionally made that an autumnal session
should be held every year.
U a short, the autumn session, says the Daily News,
has been • very cosy end agreeable one. Never was there
such unanimity, Mr. Disraeli's method of managing by
n interfering with the pleasures of its members—such
as the &Amber shootings—having conspired with the
necessity of the Abyssinian expedition and its connexion
with successive administrations to bring about this

blessed concord. The principle involved in the re-
solution condemning India to a portion of the
costs in our suit with King Theodore may be fraught
with serious consequence. If England m►y wage Persian,
Chinese, Abyssinian, and other wars at the expense of the
population of India, we shall always be at hostility with
some miserable potentate. The session has offered minis-
ters, in the use of the ocetermosigors and the cabmen, the
opportunity of correcting soma of their many blunders
of the previous one. The attempts to engage the
houses of parliament in higher questions have failed.
An ad interim ministry which does not possess the con-
fidence of the House of Commons, and a dying parlia-
ment which does not possess the confidence of the
country, do well to avoid these themes. The Layard-
Cameron-Beke-Rassam-Stern controversy is of a character
more congenial to it.

meld auxiliary in the management of the criminal alms.
Our contemporary further suggests that the appointment
of a Boma& cathode raiest uneke given aironmetanoes
should be rendered oompulsmy, and it should no longer be
left to the option of a prisoner whether he sees a Picket of
his own persuasion.

Eire Court.

WINDSOR CASTLE, Dn. 7.

Tho Queen drove out yesterday afternoon, ac-
companied by the Princess of Teak. Her Majesty walked
in the grounds and drove this morning, accompanied by
Primo Leopold.
Her Serene Highness Princess Henriette of Schleswig
Holstein, the Earl and Countess of Bradford, Major-Ge-
neral Sir T. H. and the ROD. Lady Biddulph, dined with
the Queen and the royal family yesterday.
After dinner her Majesty's private band played in the
drawing-room before Princess Louise, the Prince and Princes'
of Teck, Princess Hemiette of Schleswig-Holstein, and the
ladies and gentlemen in waiting.

The following ladies and gentlemen had the honour of
being present :—The Hon. Mrs. Grey, the Hon. Mrs.
Wellesley, Colonel H. and the Hon. Mrs. Ponsonby,
Lieutenant-Colonel George and Mrs. Gordon.
The hand plryed the following selection of music under
the direction of Mr. G. F. Anderson :

Overture, " Der Frelichutz" Weber.
Oran Seen; "Chi mai dell Erebo," "Odes" Gluck.
Overture, 'Don Giovanni"
kiln Acte and Bridal Chorus "Lohengrln"
Overture, " Jeasooda" Spahr.
Grand March, "Tannhaume"
The Prince and Princess of Teak and the infant princess
left the Castle this morning.
The Earl and Countess of Bradford have also left the
Castle.

DEC. 8.

The Queen drove out yesterday afternoon, accompanied
by Princess Beatrice, and attend id by the Hon. Flora
Macdonald, and honoured Major-General Hon. A. N. end
Lady Mary Hood with a visit at Cumberland Lodge. The
Equerry in Waiting was also in attendance.
Prince Arthur, attended by M%jor Elphinetone, arrived at
the Castle yesterday.
Prince and Princess Christian visited her Majesty
yesterday afternoon on their return from Sandringham.
The Queen, Princess Louise, Prince Arthur, Prince Leo-
pold, Princess Beatrice, and Prince Christian, and the
Ladies and Gentlemen in Waiting, attended divine ser-
vice this morning in the Private Chapel.
The Right Rev. the Lord Bishop of Oxford preached
the sermon.

Prince and Princess Christian and Pi;ncesa Henrietta of
Schleswig-Holstein risked her Majesty to-day, and re-
mained to luncheon.

The Earl and Countess of Derby and the Bishop of Ox-
ford arrived at the Cutle yesterday, and had the honour
of dining with the Queen and the royal family.
The Dean of Windsor and the Hon. Hrs. Wellesley were
also invited.

Major-General Ormsby, Royal Artillery, has arliv,d at
the Castle.

Prince and Princess Christian, attended by Lady Swan
Melville, arrived at Frogmore on Saturday from visiting
the Prince and Princess of Wales at Sandringham.
Despatches were sent on Saturday from the Colonial
office to the Governors of the Mauritius, the North
American Provinces, British Honduras, and the Falkland
Islands.

A deputation from the Skating Club, consisting of the
Hon. F. Byng (President), the Rev. J. Antrobus, the Rev.
Cyril Page, and Mr. H. T. Steward (Hon. Secretary and
Treasurer), had an interview with Lord John Manners, at
the Office of Works, on Saturday.
The Lords present at the sitting of the Judicial Com-
mittee of the Privy Council on Saturday were Lord
Cairns, Sir J. W. Colvile, Sir E. V. Williams, and
Sir R. T. Kindaraley.

The Queen, with the junior members of the royal
family, attended by the ladies and gentlemen of the suite,
will, it is understood, leave Windsor Castle about the 20th
or 21st inst. for Osborne, where her Majesty will sp•nd
Chi:strum

His Royal Highness the Prince of Walea has
sent the town-clerk of Southampton 100 guineas tow►rds
the West India hurricane fund.

The Duke of Cambridge returned to town on
Saturday from visiting the Prince and Princess of Wales
at Sandringham.

His Serene Highness and her Royal Highness
the Prince and Prinoeu of Took will shortly honour the
Earl Brownlow and Lady Marian Alford with a visit at
Belton, near Grantham.

The Earl and Countess Stanhope and Lady Mary
Stanhope have left townforChevening, their seat in Kent,
for the Christmas.

Lord Stanley of Alderley has left Dover-street
for Alderley Park, Cheshire, where a family circles
assembled.

An extract from a private letter, written on the
11th nit. by Paymaster Bullon, at Bombay, to his sister
here, relative to Dr. Livingstone's fate, has been sent for
publication to tho Irish Tines. The information it refers
to was obtained from Captein Parr, of her Majesty'. ship
Lynx. The letter says :—" You, I am sure, will be glad
that Dr. Livingstone is alive and well. One of our ships
has arrived from Zanzibar, the captain of which is a friend
of mine. He brought the news. The natives des.xted
Livingstone, but he survived. I wish I knew his daughter,
that I could make the announcement to her."

THE BISHOP OF LONDON'S FUND.—We are
informed that the conference of clergy and churchwardens
in connection with the Bishop of London's Fund will be
held next year in February, and that the annual service of
the fund will be held in Westminster Abbey, on 'Tuesday,
the 16th June, when the Archbishop of Canterbury will
lreach. The Bishop of London has issued the following
etter to his clergy :—" London Home, December 7th.—
Rev. and dear Brother,—l take this early opportunity of
annourcing to you that Ihave fixed Sunday, the 10th May,
1868, as the day on which I hope to invite you to re..d a
pastoral on the great &ocean& work in which the Bishop of
con's Fund is engaged. On the Sunday following
(Rogation Sunday) I hope collections will be made on
behalf of the fund in all the churches in my diocese ; and
I must ask you to be good enough to collect on
that day for the genera d fund, and not for any
special district or object, as some difficulty hat
resulted in the few instances in which the latter
course has hitherto been adopted. The collections this
year have produced about 7,0001., which is a;,wf at advance
on 186.1, when a sum of only 3,4.63/. was returned to the
office of the fund from this source. lam sorry to say,
however, that there are some 200 churches in which collec-
tions have not as ye; ly an given this se .r, and some of
them in wealthy wishes. I will only express my earnest
desire that collections may be ma lein 1858 in all districts,
whether rich or poor, as the impoi lance of having the work
known, even where but small oolitetions can be hoped for,
is much felt by all who are interested in the fend. 1 • .11
says word here on a kindred subject. A large number of the
clergy in theearly part of this year kindly undertooktoform
church associations in aid of the fund ; some hare alre--dy
sent contributions to the office from their associations,
and as the year draws to a close, I doubt not that many
more will do the same. I trust that those of the clergy
who hate not established associations will take that step,
or at least devise some plan of so bringing the matter
before their people as to increase the number of our
annual subscribers. We must all feel more and more, in
these days of change, the necessity of vigorous efforts to
make up for the sadarrears of the past. The work which has
to be accomplished, b 7 God's blueing, for the good of toe
souls of the vast population of this diocese cm afinly needs
one great general effort, arranged on one sustained plan,
aiding and not superseding the various private efforts
which I know are being made in our separate parishes.—
Yours very truly, A. C. LONDON. P.S.—lf you will hays
the goodness to communicate with the clerical secretary
of the fund, the Rev, J. O. Pilkington, 46a, Pall-mall, he
will be able to supply you with papers for distribution, or
any of the appliances you may require for forming or
working on emanation."
ST. AIDAN'S COLLEGE, BIRILENHEAD.—Acoord-
ing to a statement in Saturday's Birkenhead Garede, the
Council of St. Aidan'a College, acting upon a suggestion of
the Earl of Harrowby. have appointed the Bishop and
Dean of Chester, and Meson. P. M. Dove, Chris. Bushell,
and John Torr, as a Committee of Investigation, for the
purposes of inquiring into the charges prefeired by the
students (in memorials) against the rev. principal and
other officers of the song".
THE Win INDIA HURRICANE RILISF FUND.—
Subsariptioas still continue to flow into the Mansion.house
in aid of this fund, but the total amount received up to
Saturday afternoon, instead of reaching to 10,0001., as was
anticipated, did not exceed 7,2001.
THE GREEK WAR STEADIER BUIDYLINA.—This
vessel which blew up several days ago in the Mersey still
continues submerged. The divers have been at work, and
one 1001 b. Armstrong gun has been recovered, but In con-
sequence of the heavy sea in the river the operations have
been seriously impeded. None of the bodies of the drowned
men have yet been recovered.
OILTETAL PALACE. HALF-A-CROWN DAT.—
SATURDAY, Der. 7.—Admission, on• payment, 1,645 ;
ditto by semen tickets, 3,848 ; total visitors, 5,393.

LATEST INTELLIGENCE.

ire Ly.

During the sitting of the Chamber of Deputies
on Thursday last, General Menabrea, in the course
of his statement said, in regard to the subscrip-
tion of 50,000 lire for the wounded Garibaldiana :

We gave this subscription from a sentiment of humanity,
in order to assuage the sufferings of those who shed their
blood for a noble object, and whom the government can
distinguish from those who conspired to destroy the pre-
sent order of things. (Cries of " Who are thews! Name,
name.")
A MENRCR—The chamber is not to be insulted.
Another MEMBER—Tie minister who insults the
chamber should not be allowed to address it. (Noise.)
The PRESIDENT (Restelli)—You can speak in your turn.
At present the President of the Council is in the possession
of the house.

A Marne on the left—But not to insult. (" Silence,
silence," on the right.)
GZNZILAL 11113ABIZA—I am too wall acquainted with
parliamentary life to be led astray by any insinuations. I
have said that which I can, and which I ought to say, and
now lam content to declare that the government has re-
solved to give an amnesty for the political offences
which were committed in the Roman territory. With
regard to the Roman question, the pontifical
territory being in the centre of Italy, is a
great obstacle to commercial intercourse. Rome is the
natural capital of Italy, and it is strange that any
person should be surprised at Italians wishing for and
demanding Rome as their capital. Frenchmen would feel
the lame if Paris w in the hands of the English. (" Good,
good.") Therefore our aspiration is logical and indis-
putable. The minister proe^eded to remark that Rome
was also the centre of catholicity, and though weak in
itself was strong by foreign support. Consequently Italy
must get to Rome by moral means, and in accord with
France.

Nwormia said that there was only one standard raised
in the Roman territory. (Loud applause in the tribunes,
and arise of " Erwin" Garibaldi ! ")
The PRIMIDINT threatened to have the Whams cleared.
The Ga=etta di Milano mentions that there is a
project on foot for erecting a national monument
in Pavia,lto the Cairoli family. "The monument,"
says this journal, "would represent the five
brothers encircling their heroic mother."
The Gazzetta di Parma says that republican
placards were posted on the walls of the town, and
that some arrests were effected. Domiciliary visits
were also made at Ancona.

THE AMERICAN PRESS AND THE MANCHESTER
EXECUTIONS.

The American press appears very generally to
conason the execution of the three Fenian. at Man-

The New York Times, which is the least hostile of all
to the policy, says:—" Putting aside both the moral and
political justice of the execution, it seems clear that, even
if strict legal justice has been done, it has been done in a
way and under circumstances which have discredited it in
the eyes of the public, and which rendered subsequent
leniency, to say the least, the more expedient cernme. A
jury chosen from a population which it was necessary
to restrain by the presence of soldiers from violence
toward the Irish in the city, found Allen, Larkin,
and Gould guilty in the same breath that they
found a similar verdict in the case of Maguire, a man so
manifestly and indubitably innocent that his full pardon
was but a question of a few days. Before the execution,
the failure and abandonment of the prosecution against
Others alleged to have been implicated in the same affair,
had still further brought the entire proceedings into dis-
repute. As far as the conduct of the can goes,
the character of both judges and counsel concerned stand
out without presenting an occasion for complaint or re-
flection. But, both in holding the trial in a panic-stricken
town and in carrying out so hastily the extreme sentence
of the law, we repeat our belief that the British govern-
ment have made a grievous blunder. The capacity of the
Fenian for mischief will not be lessened by the loss of
three of their number, nor will the remainder be one whit
awed."
The New York Tribune remarks :—" The execution of
Allen, and Larkin, and Gould is the most important re-
inforcement that Fenianism has yet received. The cause
wanted nothing so much as a martyr ; now it has three.
The people had very nearly lost confidence in their
Indere ; they had ceased in a measure to give their earn-
ings for prepoeterouscampaignsand abortive insurrections;
their rebellion was dwindling down into a sort of guerilla
warfare, sustained only by the most headstrong and de-
sperate of their number. Now it is ten chances to one if
the flame is not kindled again. Confidence may not re-
vive, but enthusiasm will ; and enthusiasm with the Irish
is the most powerful of impulses. The Manchester pri-
soners will inspire their countrymen with • bitterer hos-
tility towards England by their deaths than they ever
could have inspired by their lives.
" The death of these men," says the New York Herald,
" will create • profound sensation throughout the civilised
world, whilst the reckless and hopeless attempts of the
Fenian to excite • rebellion against the British govern-
ment are to be deplored as only tending to destroy human
life and to Increase the sufferings of the oppressed Irish
-.maple. England will meet with little sympathy from
other nations in her domestic troubles. When the posi-
tion she took during our own rebellion is remembered, the
United States might well be justified in condemning her
severity towards her own political offenders as barbarous
and brutal. Hundreds of thousands of lives have been
sacrificed by the rota of the traitors with whom England
sympathised on this side of the Atlantic, and not one has
suffered an ignominious death, except for the crime of
wilful murder or revolting inhumanity to prisoners of
war. But the rescue of two prisoners and the shooting of
one officer during a riot on British soil has cost three
of the participants their lives upon the scaffold."
The Chicago Tribune has the following :—" The 'earned
appeal' of the English press at the close of our civil
war that the Great Republic, should once more show
her magnanimity and not taint her fair fame by the blood
of guilty traitors is another indication of the hostility of
the English people to political executions. But what do
we now see ? Two years have paned since the termination
of four years of terrible rebellion, and not • single rebel
has been hung, while a few months of agitation of impo-
tent Irishmen appear to have shaken the foundations of
the British monarchy, and, as an example, four men have
been hung for a political crime. It would be easy to
make a pungent comparison between British and
American clemency, to show that the religious sen-
timentality and merciful good nature of the English
people is only skin deep ; and that when • violation of
their own rights or privileges Is concerned no race shows a
more dogged obstinacy or manifests a more vindictive per-
sistence in the assertion of its rights, at whatever cost of
misery or suffering, than the Anglo-Saxon race of Great
Britain. The Irish were told long ago that if English people
knew nothing else they knew how to put down revoke,
and cruel confirmation enough was at hand in the examples
of India and Jamaica. Unlimited enthusiasm could be
excited by the deeds of Mouravieff, but now in a Queen's
decree that been date 1867 may be found the sentiments of
1798. Queen Victoria appears to be imitating the ex-
ample of infamous Isabellal. Order may be restored in
the British islands; but the mournful quiet of the charnel-
house is not a permanent peace. We see no possible good
to England, and nothing but evil to Ireland, in this cruel
and impolitic justice. The image of those four Irishmen—
criminals, but fanatical patriots—dangling from the wooden
beam in Manchester, will be impressed upon the Irish mind
for generations. The mothers at the cradle will have
another sad tale to tell of what they call ' Irish wrongs.'
This execution will be another addition to the heritage of
malignant passion between the two races."

On the evening of the 2Gth ult. a meeting was held at
Cooper's Institute, New York, in reference to the con-
duct of the British government "interesting and confining
American citizens suspected of violating English laws,
and denying to them the rights of aliens as guaranteed by
statutes which have never been repealed, but have in re-
cent instances been fully enforced." The room was draped
with the national colours, and over the stage was displayed
in large letters the words, " American citizenship, the
panoply of freedom—it must protect oar people the world
over"

One of the resolutions adopted was as follows :—" Re-
solved, that, should the government of Great Britain
refuse to make plenary reparation to the United States
for the manifold insults offered to this republic in the per
sons of its citizens, and should that power persist in
ignoring the citizenship of those of who have been
naturalised by American law, and still continue
to claim jurisdiction over them as British sub-
jects, the President and Congress should remember that in
1812, their fathers fought to vindicate the right of their
country to receive forzign-born immigrants into the great
American family, and that from the issue which the infant
republic did not hesitate to face the full-grown nation of
to-day should not shrink, when justice and the interests of
10,000,000 of her citizens demand the immediate and de-
finite settlement of a matter on which the faith of the
United States is already pledged."
The following gentlemen were unanimously chosen as a
committee to visit Washington, and lay the case before
Congress :—The Hon. Chas. P. Daly, Horace Greeley, the
Hon. A. Oskey Hall, the Hon. John McKeon, the Hon.
John Cochrane, the Hon. F. B. Conklin, the Hon. Chas.
Hunter.

M. Rounea.—The Liberti, under the heading of
"An Unfounded Accusation," says :—" The Bonapartista
are furious with M. Rouher. They accuse him of having
deserted and betrayed an eminently Napoleonic idea—the
unity of Italy, and having gone into the ranks of the
Fusionists. But M. Rouher has not changed: he is in
December, 1867, what be was in December, 1851, when he
wee indignant before the Coup d'Etat was an undoubted
success—that his name should be found amongst those who
had given their adhesion to it and denied that be had
done so. From 1849 to December 2,1851, where was
M. Rouher found? By the side of MM. Berryer, Buffet,
and Thiers. Where is be found in December, 1867 T By
the aide of MM. Berryer, Buffet, and Thiers. He b still,
and always was, with Berryer, Buffet, and 'Thiers—those
three ardent promoters of the law of May 31, 1850, which
struck 4,000,000 of electors from the electoral roll of
France. M. Rouher is in 1867 what he was in 1849, 1850,
anti 1851. He has not changed them, and the accusations
of the Bonapartist' is groundless."

The Dublin Weekly News has a cartoon depicting
what may be called the sequel of the seeno that formed
the subject of its woodcut last week. Then it portrayed
Britannia, a fury in aspect, after " assassinating "—Ho
help out the idea which it was intended to convey, she
had a dripping dagger in her hand)—the three Fenians
who are now designated " martyrs." This week Britannia,
armed in the same way, but with abject terror depicted
in her face, is seen flying from the " angel of Justice,"
who Is descending from Heaven with a naked sword in
one hand and an hour glass—the latter symbolising that
the time baa come for the punishment of England'. sins
against Ireland. To the right of the picture is a gibbet,
with three ropes hanging from it, and shove each is sus-
pended in the air a crown of glory. &in, standing at
the foot of the gallows, gazes upwards at these sym-
bols of " martyrdom" with ecstatic look.

ADELPHI.

So little encouragement is given to farce 'niters
under our present systems of theatrical management, that
it is wonderful to find our theatres supplied with this
slight but amusing form of drama. On Saturday night a
new apropos farce was produced at the Adelphi, under the
title of Up for the Cottle Show, the author of which, Mr.
Harry Lemon, is entitled to every encouragement. Some
of the beet farces of the last quarter of a century have been
written by his father, Mr. Mark Lemon, for the Adelphl
and other theatres, and the present production the first
public effort, we believe, of the author, is no disgrace to
the family. The dialogue shows a true sense of the Judi.
crous, the " business "a knowledge of stage requirements,
and the principal character--a country bumpkin, most
humorously played by Mr. G. Belmore—is the work of a
man who knows how to bring out the beet points of a good
low comedian. The farce, though produced at a late hour
at the close of the week, was very well received.