The Express.
London, England, 1859-10-07 00:00:00

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Two Rums*. TB. pool' CASKS? 1111
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11011/4LAT 01.41118. /MAL anseria•Mass

RlOll WATER AT LONDON WI.

&01D01 FIUDAZ OCZ 7.

IT enure favourably for Mr. Wt 1.0011•11 Mare
career in India that he doe, not, like the generality
of official men, confine his preparatory studies to the
archives of office. Already well acquainted with the
only science which offers a 'Ready guiding hand to
the statesman, and with the routine of office, he seeks
additional knowledge from practical men, and in ex-
plaining his own views avowedly consults the public-
Advantage for India is at once the result, and his
recommendation to promote the well-being of that
country, by subjecting its willing, abundant, and
cheep labour to the enlightened superintendence
of skilfal Europeans, finds an echo in the
press. At once it is seen that the example
of 'ending, according to Mr. FRIERIt'S advice,
enforced by Mr. Witsote, specimens of the muitifee-
tares of England to out of the way parts of India,
and of explaining to the natives through our resi-
dent officials which of their own prodacta would
fetch the best price in our market, is a far better
means of introducing trade into India than quarrel-
ling with governments and usurping territory.
Undersea management a great trade has rapidly
been developed through Bunches with Cabal,
Sonde, and other places; and wool alone was ex-
ported thence in 1867 to the extent of 20,000,00016 m
In telling, however, what has been done, and bow
he thinks it right to act, Mr. Witsom asks advice
from that part of the community most competent to
give it, and most immediately interested in the trade
with India. Had he been bred op in office, either La
Whitehall or Leadenhall-etreer, it is not likely he
would have taken so unexampled and so beneficial
a COO,llll.

There an, however, some points connected with
our trade to India, referred to by Mr. EDMUND
Pln rut, rather calculated to raise doubts, if not sp.
prehension', than inspire as with complete mad.
dente. No person so much as Mr. Wt Loom hes eh.
patisted on the great and rapid growth of that
trade, and Mr. Purrs'', observation was both
well timed and well meant when he said that
its - great increase within the last two years had
" been soeconent with the hearykeneweited sent to
" India," " With another mutiny, and another
" 40.000.0004 Dent to India, trade weeld again in-
" crow amasiegly ; but what was wanted was, not
" sudden expeadoese and contractions of trade, hot •
" steady sad progressive, and therefore • safe, trade?'
And although it is true, as Mr. WILSON stated, that
the vale of err imports from India had increased
from 12,000,0001., to 1b64, to 18.000,0001., yet
it is clear that the forced expenditure of
so much British cipital in India, and the
forced eapeets is cousequenoe, supplied the mono
of heyieg the inereedied imports, which cola set
boss how bought and could not have come hither lad
irapreatio• set been forced by these great loins sad
this greet expenditure of our capital. A great part of
the iherfaMt in the imports train India, es well as the
exports to India, within the last two j eers, is the con-
seviosoce, therefore, of the mutiny, and is neither a
legitimate &abject of congratulation nor of hope for
the future.

If wo are entitled to conclude Mai the great in-
crease in the exports of cottons within that period
that the Datives have a rowing taste foe our pro-
ducts—though some of this 1.15CT10/11 is clearly doe to
the rest cumber of Europeans who is sae official
capacity or another emit to ladle is 1867 sad 1868—
wir:canaot suppose that they arit acquiring a tubby
our beer and ale. But &resort our ,:poste to laths
now hare isereased lamer than those of beer and
ale, from the va:ne of 267,7331. is 1867, to 672,7841,
la 1.44-4, or 31 fold. This relative income, con-
tinuos in the present year, and in eight months the
villa* of the beer and ale exported to India is
r,.3t,37,0 , against 32'2,6071. in the same period of
18, 04. The following are the tigers, taken from the
trade tables concerning oar exports of cottons and of
ale and beer to ladle.

Lc.7 %11l V•LI cor ETrokrs To INN*.
I w
ur. Om= Via
LLL
ual El 5.% 1.101 ;la I USN OM 1141114

/mat EIG t MOWTIOS.

tgr *tit -lir- uss
3.440 u 1' 0.134 •.l i'3l I afa a. am

Thies facts make it, we tibial, perfectly clear that
a large part of our increased trade with India, both
•sports and imports, is due to the large expeaditure
there of our capital within the period.
There ir, however, another aspect of this increased
trade worthy of notice. We could by uo passibility
avoid the expedite'', is India which has tended to
increase our trade ; but this inceseee has been ac-
companied by a decrease of our trade to other plume.
IS the Beememief last Saturday it was mentioeed
that our total exports to British India had increased
from 7,411,7731. in the first eight month* of 1837 to
17,803,6731. in the int eight months of 1849; east
our total exports to the Coit.d States is the
same period bad increased from 12,874,7391, to
1T1)73.4171. It was then ,e:d, '• If we subtract the
vs!..le of the exports to these two in many respects
" exceptional markets from the Talmo of the whole
" exports ...we hod that oar remaining trade has
" fallen .. in the eight months of 1839,as spine
the eight months of 1837, by nearly fire million."
As the brier's.. in the• United States' trade is very
email, we most set off spunk the increase of the
trade to India the decrease of oar trade to other
countries. With soother trade does that with India'
come more into cotlitet than the trade wit►
Ai.sia. The value of our exports to that coaatry
was nearly the same is 11.38 as in 1637, and exesedlefi

ably by one-third the value of our exports thither'
lam years before. The vales of oar imparts from
Ramis wu 11,746,0081. in IW, spinet 13,447,6641.
in 1867. In the present year oar trade with Ramie
bee increased, but not equally to the decline in 16811.
A part, therefore, of the forced inereeee of INV trade
with India is counterbalanced by the &cream in our
trade to other countries.

The compelled export of our capital to India is
analogous in its effects on trade to the ex-
port of capital to our colonies, which our
colonial policy so long enforced, and which,
as we mentioned on Wednesday, had checked the
growth of our trade with Europe. It has already
Iretarded and will retard our trade with Ramis, and
I If each s trade adds to her wealth es well as to can,
It bite the two realms more closely together, and
dimiOidies the chances of hostile collisions. If this
be • reason for regretting that our trade with Russia
doss not inertias it is not to be helped, for we are
compelled to continue and extend oar relations
with India. Our present relations with both coun-
tries are the inevitable onasequences of a policy
adopted and followed foe many years, and it
is satisfactory to suppose that its conse-
quences hereafter may be awn beneficial than
heretofore. The great public takes a more enlight-
mod interest than formerly in India, and knows a
great deal mere et It. With great satisfaction,
therefore, it learns that both the Government and
private individuals see earusetly engaged in pro-
moting those great works which are indispensable to
improved communication. " Thereat, now some hue-
" deeds of thousands of natives," said Mr. Wasou.
" engaged at three or foar times the areal amount
"of wages in constructing railways." At tome and
in India the great desire is to increase the pro-
ducts and the feeds of that country ; and both
there and here this is only to be done by the legi.
deem means of improving the market for no-
ties produce and promoting public works. They
are oily to be stimulated to proceed in the right
direction by an increased price for their produce,
With their increased prosperity, promoted by such
mans, they will become more firmly attached to this
country, and Mr.WiLiou will find his task of bringing
the Government finances into order more easy, we
may hope, than he himself anticipates. We can
scarcely, indeed, place faith in auy economical prin-
ciples, if those recommended by the gentlemen of
Manchester, from which they in common with the
nation have derived such great advantages,and which
Mr. WILHON has adopted, should be acted on in
India and not be followed by prosperity.

Oar: of our correspondents in Central Italy in-
forms ua through the telegraph of an explosion of
popular feeling at Parma, in which one of the ser-
vants of the /ate government has lost hie life.
Colonel Aiim, ems of the most detested men in
the 1/achy, who in the reign of the Regent
narrowly semped a violent death at the kande
of hie countrymen, was suddenly discovered
lest Wednesday at Parma in disguise. We
are told that he bad come thither furtively'
to conspire, and although we do not know what
stridence there is for the sesertion, it is quite
natural that the presence of such a man just now
should be connected with changes inimical to the
liberties of the commonwealth. He appears to have
taken refuge from the excited crowd in a guard-
house, the door of which was forced by the people,
and to have been killed, notwithstanding the efforts
made to save him, before a force sufficient to protect
him could be brought to the spot.

We deeply regret this occurrence. It has been
the glory of the Italian cause that the people every-
where have upheld the authority of the law at a
time when they were tempted to consider only their
own power. That glory still belongs to them, for it is
sot in the power of a handful of men in a single city
to change the character of a whole nation. But the
angry crowd at Parma have broken the unity of
Italian order and legality. Toe same thing hes hap-
, pened thousands of times under theold Governments;
but then they subsisted by • title which, whether
divine or diplomatic, was altogether independent of
their merits. For the credit of the Italians we re-
grit that Colonel Mimi was deprived of the shelter
of the law. Yet, in expressing this feeling, we
mast not be unjust to the Parmesans. If they had
reuses to believe that he was in their city clandes-
tinely to subvert their liberties, it is very probable
that, with a vivid remembrance of his days of
power, they acted under • sense of danger and
Gem an instinct of orlf-defence. The political
situation of Central Italy is only too well suited to
provoke the passions which are developed in pinks.
The people, compelled to rid themselves of Princes
who were perpetually in league with their enemy,
have made the wisest and moat natural arrange-
ments for their future orderly government--arrange-
mints which promise to secure their happinees and
prosperity, and to give guarantees of peace and good
neighbourhood to all surrounding States. Why
theme arrangements are not carried into execution
all the world knows. It is the interest of
one powerful European State, if not of two,
to oppose the only possible organisation of Italy, and
by so doing to perplex the people and weary them
with alarms. Europe has hitherto permitted this
unrighteous 'hue of force, but the time may cone
for declaring that • state of things so menacing to
the general tranquillity shall cease. It becomes i
more apparent every day that the claims of Austria
te regulate the internal affairs of Central Italy were
sot annihilated at Solferino, and serious =indoors,
tevolviog the chances that the persistence of that
usurping power may lead, ere many months, to a
ermewal of the war. It may yet become a prsetiesi
question of European politics whether the advan-
tages which Europe is supposed to derive from the
azistenos of that unnatural combination, the Aus-
trian monarchy, are not outweighed by the mischiefs
which arise from her perpetual aggressions. Diplo-
macy is proverbially conservative, but even its
reluctance to change may be overcome, if it is found
that a Court which is unable to govern its own States
with credit cionot be restrained from interfering to
prevent good government beyond its frontier.

M. B %ENE? Oh LORD BROVOIDI2I.—Ia as article
ca various seleatlio salkhoes, M. Betrioar, alluding to Lord
broefitam's adders es the sieselos of the inauguration of
Nereers stelae M Orasthem. rye There le portly •
arms hotter knows be the merit thea that of th• Illustrious
as-Clmacellor of Ragland. Heavy Lord Hroughern. who Is
.Ira mirealme of the remit lastitatr. He ecceeafoa to
power was marked by roof diehitareerdar to which ma
his aategealses bare dose justice and the rfferts of which
have ourrived dos PUSS, of the bold rafmnser. Ho hoe done
what d'Affaires' led soldered io do fa Frame. The noble
' lord's profound knowledge of law end powirful oratory,
hie political ittlamr sod perfectly French mead, are
eft•naly appreciated. but what la Ism sensrully buoy.
that Lard Brougham fe • mathematician of high standing,
sad Out although mach shard in am h• coatiesies to
cultivate the hogbert branches of rachertics with raceme.
We see Weaved io his for a commentary on Newton's
honied mod difficult work, Pear:tyke of Natural Philo-
esphy: I hare frequently earprir oar professional eleshe-
siestrises he showing them Lord Brougham's welt dor
iistleg hp the formulas of modern istmlyme the theorise obit It
Memos Moon pawed out se likely to onset the
eves ode matiosserical mdse. Lord Boost's= sb. pco•
sore the gift of pnevatieg metiers of A:seam mimeo Si
the world et lop sada, ea austrlog std sornewhst hes
nossityskel bro." _ _

C -FALACZ. - ONE SHILLING DATr.
ussime. Oer. 6.—Adrawrwas oo payment, 2,7711;
ditto by wean Id*, 496; total visitor, 3,271.

COI eteun.

BALMORAL, Ocr. 4.
Roe llajetty, the Prime Cowart, the Priem of
Wales, Mg P 14110.11 Alice west to MID& Bale, where the
Aiwa Come sad Preen of WlllllllllllO4 ; the woods bring
drives for deer.
Sir George C. Lewis hse left the owls.

Dispatches were wedged rosterday at the Colonial-offing
tress the Governors et the Falkland Islands, Malta, aid
Heligoland.

The Duke and Duchess of Manchester are expected
to return to Hlrobcdtott Castle early next week, from a tour
of visite fa Scotland.

The Earl and Countess Delawarr are entertaining
a Wed &Ml, dr,* at Beekkarst Psrk, Sows.

The Marquis of Claaricarde and Mr. Layard are
both at Plonsos at Fremont.

The Doke and Dachesa de Malakoff are at present
on a visit to N. Comforter, at the chateau of Billy, near
Cbatiilon•w-Behr (Cote-4'oo.
Yesterday evening Sir John Bowring was present
M the lecture-hall of the Manchester Mechania Institu-
tion, for the purpose of delivering ea address on Chins.
The occasion of the meeting wee more especially to dw
tribute the certificates awarded by the Council of
the Society of Arta to the pupils toisseasad with the
Manchester Institution. Mr. Oliver Heywood presided, sad
Mr. J. A. Turner, M.P., end the Mayor of Manchester,
were alai present. After the introductory remarks by the
chairm►n, In which he particularised the examination by
the Society of Arta end the merit& of the pupils, Mr. Turner
&clammed the meeting. Sir John Bowrlag followed, with
the distribution of the certificates and the address which be
wee sequesited to deliver.

The King of Sardinia ie expected at Genoa on
the 12th. Splendid prepuntioas are in progress for his re-
ception.
General Garibaldi is second in command of the
troops of the League of Central Italy. Lieutenant-Colonel
Merzocapo i. chief of the mail of the commander-in•cbief,
sod his own staff is ender the command of Major Torre.
Lientenant-Colosiel Finality Meister of War of the Lega-
tions. has bean appointed to the command of the brigade of
Bologna.

The Bologna Ga:etto publishes a proclamation
from the Minister of the Interior of the Romagna, an-
nouncing that a solemn Te Omen is to be celebrated in the
cathedral of St. reroutes, at Bologna, as a thanksgiving for
t►e gracious reply of Sing Victor Fantaanttel to the deputa-
tion of Bologna.

A Turin letter of 3rd says :—" The Tuscan cor-
vette Argo, which arrived yesterday at lipezzia, struck the
Italian dig and hoisted that of Piedmont, with the red cross
In the white band of the centre. The Minister of the
Household of the King haiku! sent an order to Genoa to
prepare the Palace Balbi, which Is the property of the
crown, for the reception of the Dowager Empress of Russia,
who is to arrive in that city about the 12th. The King will
sissies bar Majesty at Genoa, and accompany her to Nice."
Having recovered from his indisposition, and got
through the budastes of the actaidetce7, the Pope is about to
recreate Ida mind and meters Ms Wallis by a visit to his
favourite seaside residence at Porto d'Anso, the month of
October, the reel holiday period of enjoyment for the
Romans, inviting hire to follow his subjects' example—to
Indulge in an autumnal eillegglatura. Oa the 28th ult. the
new Austrian Ambeasedor, Baron de Bach, had a private
audience of his Holiness, to present his credentials. Having
been one of the principal agents In the tionclueion of the
celebrated coccordat between the courts of Velma and Rome,
there le no doubt that the baron will be well received, and
will we his Intluence to teeth down the irritation produced
by the Emperor of Au/dries late concessions in favour of
proteetants in his dominions.

The Mediterranean squadron, composed of the
ships of the line Bretagne, Witt Lou,., Alexandre, Arcola,
and Donsawerth, and the two frigates La Poudre sod Imp.-
rstr ce Eagisir, oiled from Toulon oe blonder, destination
ankeown. It mu the general opinion, however, among wall
informed peewee In that port, that they are ions to cruise
off the coast of Morocco.

Accounts from Liberia state that the present peer
has teen prosperous for the colony, end that more bad been
euorted within the preceding air months to Europe and
America of products of Americo-Liberian labour than dra-
ke& the milli) forty years of the previous existence of the
settlement. It is added that "the shipment of slaver, or, ae
they are termed, emigrants," from the rout of Africa con-
tinues, that a large French vowel wan lately at the Goblets
fir a urge of 400 or 600, and that two other ships were
expected.

UNIVERSITY INTELLIGENCE.

OXFORD, OCT. 6.

Queztes Cotters.—The election of echolan and
exhibitioners at thu college oonclnded t u moreleg in favour
of the following gentlemen:—Oswald Joseph Reichele,
Bermes College, and Edward Frederick Grealell, !litho{
CoUer, and late of Rugby &hoot to ciarecel scholarships ;
George Hubert Gerber, to a mathematical echolarship;
Philip R. Phelps, hem Ilerilboroark Bobcat, to on exhibi-
tion; sod Me'tbew B. Ilnerbesea, coarecieer of this society,
to ea open The ralailleff also rade haricot-
able natation of John George Omar, Ran the Royal Naval
&howl, sad Hairy Baldwin. from Bradfield School. There
were In all 29 omaindatas.

A literary r.'union took place on Wednesday at
Winchester. on occasion of the meepraing of the Lecture-
hall of the Winchester Mechsaire Institution in union with
the Society of Arts and the Heats and Wilts Adult Adora-
tion Society. The proosolinga of the day commenced with
the annual meeting of the Hants and Wilt* Adult F.docation
Society and conferrer of hiatitations In union. The meet-
ing wee held in the lecture-ball, which IMO crowded on the
occasion. Viso:tont EVIRAILST wen In the chair and
was supported by the Bishop of Winchester, the DM. of
Winchester. the Dean of %Wary, Mr. &abate Carter,
H P., Mr. G. &Wet Booth, M.P., Sir B. Raise, Bat.,
Mr. H. Chester. itc.
COLoStel. BISHOPS.—The Bishop of Bt. Helena,
Dr. Piers Clauarbton, will lases England in • free days for
hie diocese. The Bishop of Cavorters, Dr. Gray, who has
been mainly instrumental in procuring the erection of St.
Helens Into a separate wee, I. also &boat to return to the Cape
Colony. The new see become a suffragan to Capetown,
and thus makes that province to maids% of four birhoptio
Capatovro. Otahamstosro, Natal, and St. Helena. It
has bees eihnitted by the Colonial Scretary, after consults;
te n with the law officers of the Crown sad the Archbishop
of Canterbury, that there is nothing to prevent the bishops of
the church in South Africa from coometratiog in their cethe-
drel churches Whops to head mistime In countries beyond
the doxeinices of bar Majesty.
ZOOLOGICAL BOCHLFT OF Lonnon.—At the
monthly nommal misting, held peterdey, at the Society's
hams in lisaterm.rotare, E. J. Rudy*. Meg., F.H.8., in the
chair, UM Red of A.Mhorshani and Maws. N. H. blulthy,
J. W. liaise, and B. (twitch ware elected Fellows: and
Mr. G. F. Asps. secretary of the Anetralian Magenta at
Sydney, a oneresconling member of the measly. Hie Es-
celleney file George Gam. x.c.8., Colonel J. X. CaulSold,
nod Mmes. J. Scot& W. C. Hewitson, C. Booth, T. H.
Stewart, R. Towns, St. Leger Glyn, H. Woodward, and J.
Weft wen prop:red so candidates for the Fellowebip. It was
announced that the silver medal of the society bud been
cremated to Viscount Cannier, Lad William Hey, Captain
Hay, Major Ramsay, Bryan Hodgson, Roane, btep,
Captain James, and the Bsboo Rajendra Munich in ,eni-
marnoratton of their w.rvices in forming the collection of
living Himalayan Theasints received in 18W; to Richard
Green, En:, for hi. magma:me in treneporting them; alc. to
Wit.= Hoven Christie„ Eeq., her Britannic Nejtoity's
minister to the Bread.' in acknowledgment of mammon'
velualle donation. of South American animals to the
natptiorie. It was aim nuriounord that the number of
visitors to the 'ardent, during the year had amounted to
315.6t0, brag an increase over the rune period in 1668 of
A 1,414 pm eons.
I.OSOON MaellANlCs' INSTITUTION.—The annual
distribution of orritticatee and prizes in oonaezioa with this
Institution took place oa Wednesday laid. Eight mrtifiemse
were gives to members who heti sui•mrafully oompeted at
the late matainatiou of Ibe Society of Arts, and leveret ',dens
, of honks were presented to modest. of the institution for pro-
I ticiency in writing, aritatnetic, }'reach, Engl.& younnisr,
shorthand. lac. The certincetas and prizes were distributed
by Mr. T. A. Reed In the presence of &crowded auditmy.
Mr. Reed announced that the eflorta of the Donation Fund
rommitice had at length proved euccessful, sad that the
Immo( the institution had bees purebred for 3,6001. 2,0001.
had been collected, sad 1,600/. borrowed on mortgsge. The
nista:ado& is t 0... relieved of the payment of to heavy
annual rental of atm It la grstifying also to know thet the
Institution general, is in a much more prosperous condition
than it has been air Teeny years past.
ROYAL CILIMOSJIL GAIDESS.—The season at
this highly ;moiler rerun bal. c,..td. It emiaeoced et
Rester and the garteas continued open throughout the
• Limner, with, it Is said, perfect soccer. The rumours

. .
wh.rh have bet n for 1..a1e. flans afloat of an intended
apptepriatan • f ti.e r.rd.n. to ro her nurporsa than those for
which they aro so admirably adapted are wholly without
foundation. If ono &heroines ars coutempistrd, they are,
we are informed, au has will. in a (Ware NINON Nader them
in rosolagly worthy of Bayport.

LATEST INTELLIGENCE.

PAUL DISTURBANCE AT PARKA.
UM 11171MAIIINI TILIORAPS..)
MOM ova OWN ootazarosmarr.)

MODENA, THIIIIIDAT.

Yesterday, Colonel Anviti, late president of the
Military Commission of the ex-Duchy of Parma,
was discovered to have arrived at Parma in disguise,
by the Bologna road.
Anviti had come for the purpose of getting up a
conspiracy, and had remained concealed until yes-
terday. He was recognised by the populace. Heroic
efforts were made to save him, bat the troops being
quartered in the citadel, which is at half an hour's
distant*, and the door of the guard-honer, in which
four or flee oarabineers were stationed, and in which
he had taken refuge, having been forced, Colonel
Anviti wee killed. The greatest tranquillity now
reigns in the city.