The Express.
London, England, 1856-06-10 00:00:00

TURRET AND THE PROVINCES.

THE RECENT OUTRAGE IN THE AME-
RICAN SENATE.
...—-- (FROM AN
The NoPrem.of Thursday - The Danubian provinces form a subject at this
tive of a murderous attack made in the American =leant of the greatest intetest to Europe, because a false
Senate by Senator Brooks, of South Carolina, upon step under the present circumstances might be fraught with
the Hon. Charles Sumner, the well-known senator serious consequences for the early future. We have vett-
from Massachusetts. It was stated that a cm' tared to look upon the peace as not to solid as cur stet smeu
mittee had been appointed by the Senate to inquire would have us believe, and we are still of that opinion. If
into and report the circumstances. These gentle- the Conference* at Paris were of the really serious nature it
men, we now learn, have waited on Mr. Sumner and was intended that Europe should regard them ; if secret
taken his testimony. He was in bed during the ex- ulterior views were the bases of those conference*, we can
amination, and was in a very weak state. His readily understand the promp•nets with which peace ins
amount of the outrage, given under oath, ill as concluded, and the easy terms offered to Russia to accept it ;
follows:
if our views are at all correct, then Turkey has been duped,
I attended the Senate as usual on Thursday, the 22nd of
and the whole congress has been a deplorable farce. We hope
May. After some formal business a message was received
from the House of Representatives announcing the death of We are mistaken for the make of human nature.
a member of that body from Missouri. This was (Mowed The cnimission for regulating the government and ad.
by a brief tribute to the deceued from Mr. Geyer, of MU- ministration of the Principalities will probably ere long
court, when, secording to usage and out of respect to the
commence its work. In the meantime, let us he assured that
deceased, the Senate adjourned at ones. Instead of leeway
the Senate chamber with the rest of the senators on the ad- until that work be done, and the commission be (listened,
journment, I continued 4 my seat, occupied with my pen, the present form of government will continue in force, and
and while thus intent in order to be in season for the mail, the occupation of the provinces by foreign trrops will not
which was mon to eine, I was approached by several be prolonged. There can be no doubt as to the good terse and
persons who desired to converse with me, but I an
awned them promptly and briefly, excusing myself for propriety of these decisions.
I the reason that I was much engaged. When the last of It has been urged that Moldavia and Wallachia timid
these persons left me I drew my arm-chair close to my desk, be formed into one independent government. The:, would
and, with my legs under the desk, continued writing. My be unwise, impolitic, and unjust; we me if independent of
attention at this time was so entirely drawn from all other
subjects that, though there must have been many pumas the Sultan, for in that case, from their geographical
state of things might be diaastrous to the trail.
Po-
in the Senate, I sew nobody. While thus intent, with my stelae, such a
head bent over my writing, I was addressed by a person qulllity of Europe.
who approached the front of my desk; I wee BO entirely The flnt thing to decide, in our opinion, is that the
absorbed that I was not aware of his presence until I heard Danubian provinces remain separate, and the llospedars
my name pronounced. As I looked up, with pen in hand, ~. .. . , .
subject to the Inman s suzerainty, an tobanish the aisurdity
I 'awe tall man, whose countenance was not familiar, stand-d
of hereditary rule which has been proposed, probabiy with
dug directly over me, and at the same moment caught then
words—" I have read your 'Teeth twice over carefully ; it the intention of their becoming Austrian or Russian ; no,
le a libel on South Carolina and Mr. Butler, who is a rela- the provinces should remain separate, as they have been for
tive of mine." While these words were still pushog from centuries, even before they were conquer el by the Turks,
his lips he coanneactd a succession of blows with a heavy
the Hoepoders should be elected by the people anti cot firmed
one on my ban head, by the first of which I was stunned
so as to low my sight. I saw no longer my efeeilant, nor by the Porte, perhaps for life, though we should much
any other person or object in the room. Whet I did after- prefer a shorter tenure of office; but as to their being
wards was done almost unconsciously, acting under the in- hereditary, that question should never be entertained, for,
Minns of elf-defence. With head already bent down, I in the first pace, there is no family of sufficient importance rose from my seat—wrenching up my desk, which was
' strewed to the floor—aud thee pressing forward, while my in the provinces for hereditary rule, and such an institution
assailant continued his blows. I had no other conscious- would raise dissensions and embanan the Porte, but be of
eon until I found myself ten test forward in front of my advantage to the intrigues of Alpine and Russia. It is for
desk, lying on the fine of the Senate, with my blooding the benefit of Europe, for the benefit of Turkey, and for the
had supported on the knee of a gentleman whom I soon
benefit o the provinces t emse veto, that eke remain RC-
recognised by voice sad
York. Other persons there were about me offering me parate under the guarantee of Turkey, for what could a
friendly aesistanos, but I did not recognise any of them. population of four millions of souls, if left to then", le. e, do
Others there wen at a distance, looking on and offering against the aggression of either Austria or Russia 7
no a/sienna, of whom I recognised only Mr. Doug- With proper reforms, the Principalities would be happy
Ras, of Illinois, Mr. Toombs, of Georgia, aid I
and
thought also my assailant standing between them. I was rot room ender the rule cf theSultan,forthere
doe"
helped from the II wr and conducted into the Lbby of the net exist a milder, more intelligent,or mere liberal RCViTeign ;
Senate, where I was placed upon a sofa. Of those who and it is a rtain that were the question put to the people,
helped me here I bare no ',Deflection. As I entered the as to who should govern them, they would rise as one body,
lobby I recognised Mr.Sliddell,'of Lenience, who retreated, and declare for his Imperial Majesty the Sultan, if under
bat I recognised no one else until I felt a friendly gra'p of
the hand, which scented to come from Mr. Campbell, of current and intrigues were not put into play The preterit
Ohio. I have a vague impression that Mr. Bright, rest- Grand Vizier, Atli Poch', is a man of great ictehigences
dent of the Senate, spoke to me while I was on the floor of and is desirous of seeing the provinces prosper, but he could
the Senate or in the lobby. I make this statement in answer
pre.
to the interrogatory of the committee, and offer it as never admit the consolidation of them es the means et doing
it • their consolidation into one province, governed by One
seatiog completely all my recollections of the usanit and •
of the attending circumstances whether immediately be- Hoeriodsr, would very quickly germinate the issflue nee of
fore er immediately after. I desire to add that, besides Russia or Austria, and is exact:), what the former Is desirous
the words which I hays given as uttered by my assailant, of annummating.
I have an indistinct recollection of the words " old Amongst the reforms required, independent of internal
man ;" bat these are so enveloped in the mist which en-
sued from the first blow tket I am not sure whether domestic administration, is ens of the utmost importance to
they were uttered or not. the well-being of the provinces and their prosperity, and that
On the non-examination of Mr. Sumner, he stated that is the establishment of railrosde an an outlet fir the produce
be was entirely without arms of any kind, and that he had of grain and other thins (rem the interior of these protein
no notice or warning of any kind, direct or Indirect, of this countries. The idea cf a csnal from the Danube to the
wattle.
In answer to a croft-question Mr. Sumner replied that Black Sea is at the present mcment, and under existing
what he had said of Mr Butler sere strictly responsive to circumstancee, simply an absurdity. The moot! s of the
Mr. Butler's speeches, and according to the usages of parlia. Danube are cow within the Turkish empire, and were
' motley debate. several of them closed, end the main branch widened,—
The attack was the subject of a warm but irre- all of which could be done—it would be sufficient as a water
r!lar discussion in the Senate on the 27th nit.
While several senators excused Brooks, one, named transport for all purposes.
Railroads, however, are an absolute zeceatity, and, with
Toombs, declared that he entirely approved the
attaek, and Mr. Butler, Brooks' oolleague, maintained proper depots at the Danube and the Black See for grain,
the same sentiment. Mr. Wade said: of which the Porte is contemplating the forenoti,o, the
corn trade at Odense might be subjected to the regulating
When he heard it stated that on this floor an assassin-
like, cowardly attack bad been male upon a man unarmed, influence of a powerful competitor. The prosperity of the
and having no power to defend himself, and that he heel Proviaces and of the Turkish Empire herself has nothing to
been stricken down and almost murdered, and then heard e fear, under the enlightened government of t e SoPac end the
senator avow that be approved such conduct, it became a present ministry. If European envoys really teeth toe their
matter of some in t t and importance to all the members
pros perity end will, instead of jealous cavilling between
of this body, and especially the minority. A brave man •
could not defend himself against such an attack as this, themselves and pushing the Turks too rapidly to do what
and might be overpowered by numbers; "but, overpowered time can only accomplish by judicious reform, give serious
or not, live or die," said he, " I will vindicate the rights of and disinterested advice, Turkey will become grew, rich,
liberty of debate end the freedom of discussion ro lorg as I
and powerful.
live. If the principle announced here is to prevail, let us Look at the state of tbirgs in the capital of the empire,
some armed for the c.mbat. Although you are four to one,
I am here to meet you. A man can die in no better cause and observe tow the ministers of the Sultan are abased for
than in the vindication cf the rights of debate on this the desperate cues of usessination and theft committed
floor. If them are the principles that are wwroved be a there, when not one shadow of fruit lies at their dcor ; in
majority, and become one part and parcel of the law of Co- , nineteen CMG out of twenty, the delinquents are tut jects of
grew, let it be undenteol."
forei
Mr. Wilson,while remarking that Mr. Sumner had fin powers, and it is to be regretted that they ars mostly
been stricken down by a brutal, murderous, and British ; etiFects the cog X cl wane that when' m .fithr
cowardly assault, was interrupted by Mr. Butler with is taken by the Turkish authorities he is claimed by the
the exclamation 11You are a liar." The conversation Parer whore subject be is, and oftenttc.es dlowed
was summarily arrested by the admonition of the t' estate. Why are these delinquent, not to
. ,
Speaker. he tried and pncisbed by toe lane of the country where
The House of Representatives of the Can mor• the crime is cm:hit:ad ? l'r•tected, by all mews, by
wealth of Marsachtisetts have passed, by a majority
• the interne. of the drat omen cf hie leg ,tion, but no, the
of 187 against 23, resolutions stigmatising the attack Turk :1 [CC adered ince cllnttent to try a Christian; end yet
On the Hon. Charles Sumter, one of the State's -epee. there it m• re humanity and more nobleness of soul in them
itentaticee in Congress, as "en assault which no pro- then vs ees boast.
.What ibcu'd We say were curio an
vocation could justify—brutal and cowardly in itself attempt made in thisn
r
cceopolis, of a fo,c.en minister
—a gross breach of parliamentary privilege—a claiming the liberation cf his countrymen .? Why the
ruthless attack upon the liberty of speech—so thought would be considered =oestrous. If, then, the
outrage of the decencies of civilised life—and an Power cf doing justice to society is taken from the bends of
indignity to the Commonwealth of Massachusetts."
the Stetsn's ministere, at least be just eccuoh to evnerate
Further the house resolved : them teem all blame, and before the cus'nene of a country,
free and enlightened people, demands fir her rept( mesa- ere not understood, let Europese nations thew cum by
That the legislature of Massachusetts, in the name of the so exceptional as that of Turkey, are bl.,tned, becan c they
byes in the national legislature entire freedom of spat
right of American citizima. *err att:oce that they are in a patties to command esteem.
sod will uphold them fu the proper exudes mes of the eelt Leek at a late act of tolers" c., by the &liar, the gat of
u
declaration of free principles, end his manly &totes of het- meat fer the erection thereon of a prote.taLt dispel. IVme
That we &pp" ye of Mr. Sutnner's rimed and fearleu a valuable I ien of land in the Cr,3 to the Er glieb govern-
maa rights and f. es territory. has not yet arrived at sash a stets of t•ilci once.
That the 14ialature of Massachusetts is imperatively
called by the plainest dictates of duty, from a decent regard
to the rights of her citizens and respect for bet character &11
a sovereign state, to demand, and the legislature of Mai ea-
chusetts hereby does demand, of the national Concuss, a

THE SATURDAY HALF-HOLIDAY AND THE

prompt and strict investigation into the recent assault upon
Mr. Sumner, end the expulsion by the house of Mr.
Brooks, of South Carolina, end soy other members con-
cerned with him in said essault.

Teat his Excellency the Governor be requested to trio-
mite copy of the foregoing resolves to the President of the
Senate and the Spesker of the House of Repro,utstives,
end to each of the senators sod members of the House of

Repro:at:maw) from %hie commonwealth, is the Congrces of
the United Stage.

The students and professors of Amherst College
have met and passed some strong resolutions respect-
ing the outrage, afterwards hanging and burning
Brooks in effigy.

LORD CLARENDON ON THE OCCUPATION
OF THE PAPAL STATES.

The following despatch is contained in a parlia-
mentary paper issued yesterday :

TO ell MIMI HUDSON.

Foreign-Effie., May 26, 1856.

Sir,—l herewith enclose the copy of n note which was
addressed to me when at Paris by the P.enipotentiarits of
Sardinia

Tte verbal communication which I frequently had the
pleasure of holding with Count Cavour, both before and
subsequently to the receipt of this note, eon have left no
doubt upon the mind of his Excellency that her hfujesty's
Qovcroment take a deep and sincere interest in the affairs
of Italy, and are deiroge of doing everything whith can
properly be dome by them with a view to entcliereve the
condition of the Italian people.
No fresh a,suragoes could add weight to ttose already
given to Count Csvour, and I did not, therefore, think it
nteresary to send an answer in writing to the note cf the
&Minims Plenipotentiaries; but as it has come to the
agreeable
eof heres Sardinian
Government
Governmentvnismepttoreceive that it
one,wo libe
to th rdthey
csnrot hesitate to eiders their opinion that the ompation
of the Papal territory by foreign troops constitutes an ir-
regular state of things, which disturbs the equilibrium, and
' say endanger the peace of Europe; and that, by indirectly
aff rdiog sanction to misgovernment, it promotes dtscon-
tent and a tendency to revolution among the peolle.
Her Mej itj's Government ere aware that as this state of
things he. n. w, unfortunately, for some ytars been estab.
fished, it may be possible that it could not suddenly be
brought to a dole without some danger to public order, and
the risk of producing events that all would deplore; but
her Majesty'. Government are convinced that the evacua-
tion of the Papal territory may be rendered safe at en early
period by a policy of wisdom and justice, and they entertain
a hope that the mresums agreed upon by the Governments
of Prance and Austria will lead to a gradual withdrawal of
their respective foliose, and to bettering the condition of the
subjects of the Pope.
You will read and give a copy of this despatsh to Count
C am, ite., CLARINDON.