The Express.
London, England, 1859-10-04 00:00:00

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SION WATIA AT LONDON AMIDES
cur*BE 714. SUL
..aastse. 16. 62.

LONDON. 11.718D4Y, OCT. 4.

Ttic news we receive from ill part. of Central
Italy is satisfactory. Whatever in the conduct of the
men called to conduct the affr re of the several States
lately seemed to countenance the charges of indesi-
aim and hesitation so freely made against them has
disappeared, and we see everywhere the people boldly
led into the full poeseesion of freedom and independ-
ence with the completeet corsciormess of their
right. In Tuscany, where it was most important to
close the door against every class of pretenders,
the Government has proclaimed the national
sovirreigaty by adopting the name of the
King-elect, in which alone it exerclora authority.
In order to mask the final and irrevocable character
of this act of the people, the coin of the realm, the
military standards, and the uniform of the army, are
changed so as to beer witness to the exclusion of the
hoses of Lonamira and the inauguration of a national
Government t and the judgments pronounced by the
tribunals of Sardinia an to receive legal execution
in Tuscany. Oar readers know that in Modena and
Puma meet of thee. changes had boon anticipated
ander the nile of the able sad vigorous adminiir
maim Fiatet—a man who has gives proof ot the
highest (overrun capacity. Is the Legations the
reiga of King Vic-ron Eststaxris, bee bees pre-
claimed amidst popular enthusiasm, sad consecrated
with religious rites, while the fundamental laws of
the Sardinian monarchy have been adopted as the
basis of the administration.

We need sot my that this is the line of cond•ct
calculated above all others to command the esteem
of Englishmen. A modest but firm confidence, •
clear purpose, a steady will, and prompt action we
can appreciate at ell times, but never so well as
when we see them in a nation which, impelled by
generous shame, rims superior to consecrated
servitude, and asserts its place among the free
states of the world. The cultivated public opinion
of this country smiles at all attempts to pet plea and
fatigue it, and in that national sentiment, which.
dominating, transforming, inspiring all, ham core
gained ancient jealousies, annihilated selfish int,-
rests, subdued revolutionary passions, and united
Northern and Central Italy in a bond of freedom,
acknowledges the title of the Italian people to the
respect and fraternity of freemen, and a source et
public right which no potentate may invade with
impunity.

Some English jou:ltalia* who did not discover
the merits of the Italian cause until it was found,
after the Naive of Villafranca, that they might
be used to annoy the Emperor of the Faxicft,
have since found greet leak with the Cabinet of
Turin and the Government of the Dachies ter not
precipitating a crisis in Central Italy. Censure of
this kind is very easy, especially when it is certain
that the difficult circtunetances which make it tiniest
will not be pleaded in reply. Any one at all ac-
quainted with the condition to which a debauching
and enfeebling system of government had reduced
Italy—for the evidence of which we need go no
further than the last blue-book on Italian affairs—must
know that the work undertaken by the leaders
of the national movement has been one of
immense difficulty, while the complication of the
foreign relations of the several States baa made ex-
treme caution a duty of their chiefs. It is maiden. '
tory, beeriest, to know that the direction of the
affairs of Italy Is in the hands of her truest sons.
The national party is one, in its councils es well se in
its endeavours. As a consequence of prudent ar-
rangements it may miss this or that eminent statesman
from its public ante, bat the wisdom and experience
which guided and disciplined the Italians in the long
pilgrimage from Novara to Palestro and Solferino are
cull unreservedly dedicated to the common country.

By demonstrating their union and determination
of purpose the people of Central Italy are in reali!y
serving the general cause of European peace. To
Frenchmen, Prussians, Bavarians, Bohemians, Hun-
garians, and other Transalpine people, it does not
matter whether the House of LOILAAINE is 'Dammed
at Florence, and that of Bocaßom at Parma, or the
pefip:e of the two Duchies erjoy the protection of the
Ili.twe of St%iiv. Vet so long as the question is
:eft doubtful they are not sum that they may not be
called to furnish both men and money to aid in the
settlement of the pretenders' claims. The unani-
mity and order of the Italians is diminishing the
chance of this requisitioo. and of • disturbance of the
general peace, by making an intervention of foreign
powers morally imposiiibie. There is in Europe' grow-
hg force of public opinion, not confined to countries
ooestitutions and • free press, which se
Government eta afford wantonly to defy. The rigbt
to home their own dynasties which is claimed for
tentral Italy is one which has actually been exer-
cised oe too large • scale in Europe to be sow
deified. The thrones of England, France, Bel-
Won, Spain, and Portugal, are so many monuments
not only to the pretalcato but to the wholesomeness
of this principle. It appears likely, from ear latest
intelligence, that the negotiations at latish will re-
am ia the early eoaciasioe of • treaty of pew,
leaving the quiretiee of the Duchies to be determined
in mem ether way. It would be mach better if the
High inetnetiag Pansy would admit the simple
truth, that the lot of the Duchies, as long as they ob-
serve the obligations of good neighbourhood, is •
quietly* Ise the inhabitants of tne pookies, and
for them alone. Some of our Paris contemporarily,
however, persist in predicting its reference to a
(-ingress. As to the position of England in view
of such a seeming. Me world has been authorita-
tively informed by Lord JVIIN ItU•sELL, speaking

in his own name and in that of a firmly united
Cabinet. For Englishmen no such assurance was
necessary. For a British Government, any other
course than that which has just been proclaimed
would have been simply impossible. We can take
no part in any congress which does not in the very
first place acknowledge the right of the people to
manage their own concerns.

2HZ ALLEGED PaST-OFPICE INQUISMON.

We are authorised to say that there is go
boadatios whatever foe a statement which bee ap-
pestad in wawa of the riblto jottings to the
diset that, by dire*.tion of the Postemeler.aenual

ce of Mr. Rowlaad Bill, the officers la the Peet-
Mice at Liverpool base been called upon to reply to • scrim
of questions of an inquieltorial cbmecter. The facts
of the cue are that • few persons I. that
office having, it was feared, become embarrassed la ask
Oaks sad wangled In • system of Fecunisry sceammeds-
tics, sa investigation was ordered and the pastmacher of
Livetycol judged it expedient is mak* that lavieligatka
to after at this. prone eerier grit as ; but Mr arms
M tech at Ids emu authority else; mad au the ewer
erre to the baseihrge et the Add alley sr *sky ire
M parreares Inamilege INS iseseefiately rellatard.
frossdies to the Graf Main OS:ftk, the rustier m-
ired to wore r folksy :

" P. 0., Lica= Avg. 24.
" Far Ms. who I rau will sum , tea
halowleg qemwksw, sir biersawa at lir Postolaws,
Ono& .

1. Where do you raids?
Wbra nut do yea pay? what taxes P
" Do yen pay dm rent quarterly, monthly, or weakly ?
"4. Hays you asp brew beside that received in your
(dicta segesily hers, sr do you carry on or share proem in
any kind of beim. U as, Mato particulars P
tt 6. What family haw yon P lf you hero say et "tdren
mate their ages, and whether say of them is is employ-
ment, aid, if ea, the maps receind, and by whom oza-
-1407.4
tt C. Did your expasdlhoe ger the pier Gorki Slat July
Yet exceed your income? U s what menet
T. limet as sorely es yes ass the prissipl items et an-
peettsie, WWIIII4 isuldlbe SUMO

"8. Shies the sresvat ef year at's, sad to wham they
no owing?
9. hes wham low yea busiest new grim thi
hot two yose• ? Whoa did yea botrow It oodles soy I Jr- ,
ass of ft boat aided f Sae yea magnolias to repay debts
by lewdly bisteshesate et othsrwas f
" 10. Uwe you hat awry to say person to this ofike
U so, mists his f the sossaat, sad whsa the assuactka
awassod ; she% sash wag or say patios of 11,
hos hiss maid
" 11. Ile• yui • basin= he ay parson (whether we-
aseled with this ogles es ass) who hes bssrowod massy trey
▪ Ism society? 11 is, gale bis isms, Wiese, the MI yea
sess earety kr, oat whoa the hos was cosarsobed sloe the
mos et the sesisty hem whisk the loss yes obtained
li Mats the deoweoloatlo folly which led to your u
ma cars owbansimeat