The Express.
London, England, 1859-09-03 00:00:00

THE EXPRESS, SATURDAY EVENING, SEPTEMBER 8,18 N.

place ourselves for • moment in his point of view. •
Is not this new eat( of things in the Legations in-
decent and intolerable? Civil and religious libertp
equality of laymen and ecclesiastics before the lair;
financial honesty, a national army, all the political
vices of free States permitted and encouraged, and
above all, mendicity superseded and brigandage re-
proved. Spies, informers, ibirri, abolished; justice
no longer venal and corrupt ; little Jew boys un-
baptised by force or stealth, and suffered to grow up
at home ; are theta scandals to be left unpunished
and uncorrected in the heart of Catholicity in the
nineteenth century ? Ars the highways in the
States of the Church to be as safe for travellers as
the roads along which heretical omnibuses trot to
Hampstead or to Highgate ? Forbid it, Sofinifio!
Ile it KALLERMATTEN'S glory to radon darkness to
the cities and danger to the roads. The ransom of
Protestant tourists is the riaticum of the Church.

In the midst, therefore, of the peaceful and or-
derly enthusiasm prev►iling in Central Italy an
order to march is sent to the troops who wear the
Perngian Crow, and to their brethren in arms who
are jealous of that decoration. The scrupulous and
humane Duke of MODENA is reported to have got
together twenty thousand thieves, and to be ready
to swoop, ander the banners of the POPE, upon
his palace and domains. We shall be told by
a certain class of political philosopher. th►t at
any rats the fate of the Legations is beyond the
legitimate moral interference of a Protestant power.
Considering the numbers of our travelling country-
men and countrywomen, for whom Italy is a second
oountry six months of every year, we might I
fairly argue that the good government of the
Adriatic provinces, and the safety of the roads,'
are not matters of indifference to England; but we
take higher ground, and, with Mr. OLAIRITONE, we
repel the cent of a Protestant Power having no inte-
rest in the welfare and happiness of Catholic Stater. I
The Roman question, u Mr. GLAnorroNE eloquently
instated, is not a sectarian question, bat a broad
question of civilieetion and humanity, and in that
regard it cannot be alien to the first and foremost of
civilised nations.

The Government of England was not unconcerned
In the restoration of the temporal power of the'
Papacy ; Ind sixteen years later it concurred with
the Catholic Powers in addressing a fruition@ remon-
strance to the obdurate and incwsble government it
had assisted to restore. Can we look on indif-
ferently whilst the vultures of the VICAR
of CHRIST t-e tearing out the vitals of
Italian liberty, because the Emperor of the Panic%
i• all the pride of absolute authority, dare not defy a
cawing and clanging clergy, between whose enmity
it patronage is nothing more than the choice between
the dagger or the bowl.

Hen MAJESTY has bees advised to direct that
the steno pared on THOILIS SMETHURST shall
not be union mt. Oar readers will not expect es
to congratulate them on this decision, in the ab-
sence of all information as to its grounds; and, for
the same TOOODO, we shall not disputo its wiudons.
We have sufficient confidence in the high-
minded and conscientious public servant who
directs the Home Department to believe that
he has not interrupted the ordinary course of the
law with any other object than to secure the substan-
tial ends of justice. The imperfection of our judi-
cial system has cast upon Sir GEORGE LEWIS a
duty which ought to be required of no man
in a constitutional state. When it became
apparent that there was a considerable portion
of the public which, differing as to personal impres-
sions of SMETkitiLST'S guilt, agreed that the body of
evidence adduced for the prosecution failed to supply
that satisfactory proof of guilt without which an
Eillishmrn's life ought not to be taken, the
HOME SECRETARY had no alternative bat to con-
sider the whole case anew. The growing
power of public opinion casts this duty
upon the head of the Home Department ;
but hitherto that opinion has not gone so far
as to obtain for him the means of performing
it. SMETLICRST was convicted in open court, with
the aid of counsel, judge, and jury, proceeding on esta-
blished rave of evidence : the sentence is annulled
by a functionary acting on his own responsibility.
The process is not edifying. Is the result more satis-
factory ? The verdict, obtained at an immense cost
of skill and effort on the part of all concerned—
has been set aside, and what has been substituted for
it ? Not a counter declaration, for the convict is not
pardoned. No satisfaction is given to those persons
who conscientiously believe SMETHURST to be

innocent, and who have so zesloarly exerted them-
selves on his behalf. If the unhappy man
is guilty, society is wronged; but if he is
innocent, how deeply is he injured, when he is con-
signed to a life of ignominy and bard endurance,
without • hope that his character may one day be
vindicated. Nor is this all. For the encourage-
ment of all who may be disposed to presume upon
her weaken', Justice is exhibited in a confused, he-
sitating, and imbecile attitude. It has come
to this, that • man charged with the mat
revolting crime can neither be held vilify nor inn(—
' cent ; and that society is glad to remember that, after
all, his general moral character ii too bad
to exeite sympathy as an excuse for inflict-
ing • punishment which it shrinks from openly
and formally justifyieg. This proceeding
cannot be repeated. No Englishman who has
read the bistory of his country can endure that its
Institutions should beat the mercy of any functionary
of the Executive, however high his character
and ablilty may be. Sir Ozowis Law ts's decision
was all thit was wanted to make the Smethurst
ease &perfect and irresistible argument for granting
new trials is criminal owe; and this must be one of
oar earliest legal reforms.

A report has readied this easatry. and been ex-1
tmesivety circulated, that Mr. Aurelio Seth. having
gone into the Romagna, his native country, had been
sent away by order of the Provisional Government
of Bologna. We an authorised to state that there
is oat the slightest foundation for such a report,
and that 3lr. Seth has not been to any part of thaw
perdecei. Mr. Seth is in Switzerland, on a visit to
his brother, who has been for many years a resident
in that country.

THE NUN cE fir WALLS LS • SITODIENT.—II Will
be . itleeWbet etoustag to °beers* Ow MOWS II which ha will
partake of ice occupatiese of college llds. At Oilord he will
D. doubt be at core flayed Fallow of a illetlagwshed society
ti whom a lire prises will be a mg wleittall. Will our

(stare otce•rrb Uttar' senaanek sod bow will he
like the proceed ? Wlll be spat at Ma Ueda P As t►e
*object of the sea Leta =no plus mast obviously be
cps term stet, will be be allowed to
try for at brown ? FisallF, Ybe tell= MI be get it?
1 he... are qawatlood which we shown Me r pea answered,
but wbirb endues but tints will einoloie Wbon be 1111010 M
to Caohndge, his course of etwlfee saaat be Mang=
to ea: t the= shady groves '• woos aostanglarios
lons.- Will he bike the cortaiabies anatimlierl of
sedentary life each dsv from 2 o'cfock till 4 f ail be 'walk
srai-in-arm with ohs VlewChaarellr, or have • " giber"
all to ►imself P Do bee Majesty's rainisaere feel are that
ew Charles Phipps will be up to Newt= end to Goodwin?
Thime, again. what attitude will the Prince assume tuwads
the importdet question of more worith, than ems?" Lost,
sot least L be dattreed to become Cambridge Macular
Mahan ? Fer the asks of the r. pas of the ohms daring
the loop venation, be as hope that nib !zombis coodageney
is not Likely 10 be realieed. If the torture Cora 01 the church
taken to walking a thouraurt toll, a in • ohnu...cd half-hours
upon prizripls. tbe fate of the E.tsbliehreent is sealed.—
Setruaay •esMY.

the Coun.

•ALMOIyL, Age usr 31.

_ .
The Queen and the Prism Consort, seeempanied
by He Prism's's Alice, Hein" and Lonfm, lad Prime
Arthur, attended by Lady Churchill, the Holz artily Cath-
cart, eir Georp Grey, Ddsjor•Generel the Hon. C. Grey, the
Hon. Sir C. B. Phipps, Lord Charles Fitzroy, Major Elphia-
stair, end Sir James Clark, loft Holyrood Palace at • quarter
before 9 o'clock for the th. Haryana's "tics, sad proceeded
by railway le Heathery. After rmardahni half an hour for
luncheon, the Queen and the Priam Consort end the Royal
family, and the ladies and gentlemen of the household, pro-
ceeded in travelling carriages to Balmoral , where the Royal
piny wind at a quarter before 6 o'clock.

Despatches Were recei•ed at the Colonial-oftlor, yester-
day, from the Governors of Gibraltar, Malta, Hong Kong,
Crib, the Caps of Good Hope, Natal, and St. Helene•
Despatches were sent to the Governor of Canada and the
°overate of the Bahama'.

Her Excellency the Baroness Brunnow has been
suffering flan severs indisposition during the past few days.
Her excellency was happily sufficieetly recovered to receive
their Imperial Highnesses the Grand Duke Constantine and
the Grand Duchess Mule of Russia left evening.

The Marquis of Lansdowne arrived at Lansdowne
Howe yesterday from his villa at Rictuaoad. The noble
ream& leaves la a few days for Bowood,
The Marquis of Bristol will leave at. James's.
square to-day for Ickwarth Park, Suffolk. The Berl Jerrayn
le at hie ablating quarters in Ror•shim

The Earl cod Countess of Derby and Lady
Emma Stinky were to arrive at Koos,*ley Ha, LIIIOI.
shire yesterday, horn laymouth Castk, the Martinis of
Breadalbane's seat in Perthshire.

The Earl and Counter of Elgin, who arrived at
Broom Heil, N. 8., Wet week, are entertainins a .elect circle
of friends. The noble earl intends to remain at hie seat in
Bootlaed till the first week in November.

Viscount and Visoountesa Palmerston entertained
• select party at dinner last evening, at Cambridge House,
Piccadilly.

The Barn d'Oeten Suiten, seeretaire de la liqation
de Etude, bas left the Brunswick Hotel, Jennyn-sUest, for
Paris.

Sir Charles and Lady Rowley have left London
kettle °Wanda Hots], Waltca-on-Tbames.

Lord John Russell and family arrive 4 at Banchory
ay the Davide Railway ow Weslaiteday mettle, and stopped
at Zwert's Hotel all night, sad started on Thursday morning
lee Abergeldie Castle, the lilighlsad seat of the Deana et
LW.

The Bishop of Winchester strived io I)ablin on
Monday ensuing with t 4 famsly. It Is stated that it is the
Wiwi= of his lordship to visit the chief sphere of the
Moats of the church minions In the 000nty Galway and the
soar of the "revival" movement in Ulnas.

The Sunday Times says that the differencebetween
Mr. E. T. Smith and the committee of renters .t ➢rury-lane
Yes at length been settled by Mr. Smith ...teeing to an ed-
ema of 6001. a year on his rent, which will now be 4,6001.
per anew, tasted of 4,0001. In amaidcratke of the in-
creased rent, Mr. Smith has now the right to play threagh-
est the entire year if he tea nks proper. Hitherto, Hs seams
was limited to 200 nights, and when he exceeded that am-
Mr, be was obliged to pay dl. a night extra.

Melodrama, farce, and pantomime are to be
the staple attramicea wedge the new regime et the
Prlneerde. The theatre opens on the 24th instant,
with • four-act drama by Mr. Oretrford, and en
extravaganza by Mr. Planolie. Among the company
ire Mn. Charles Young, Mn. Montage Williams
(111. Loam Healey), /dim Carlotta Lezlereq, Mr.
Freak Matthews, Mr. 1. G. Shore, Mr. H. Widdlcomb
(from the Sa-rey), Mr. Harcourt Bland, end several gentle-
men of provincul reputation.

Mr. and Mrs. gamey Williams. after a Tel), long
tad very prosperous visit, hays goes bsok to America.

. _
Mr: i'aniszi, of the British Itteseuet, has just
pared through Turin on his tray to Puma and Modena.
Mr. Peofezi is 'native of Brestolka to Modes, sad his fellow.
coun'rymen proposed to elect Dim as a deputy to the National
Assembly of Modena, but ha refused. His object in coming
to Italy was to visit his motive place sod to thank his follow-
cantor) men ; but some of the To,i papers ascribe his v:sit
to soother mule, and say that he is an agent of the Britich
gorarnmest.
. .

Prime Lucien Bonaparte has piloted a catalogue
of the works edited by hire In the various dialect/ of Europe—
Moo a Hit of works Dewitt the prem. The more recent works
an the Canticles in Berta', the Gospel of St. Matthew in
the vulgar dialects of Venetia, Milan, Naples, and Bergamo,
Among other labours, the prince has prioted the Song of
Solomon is four English dialects—Lowland Scotch, and the
dialects of CamLerland, Newcastle, and Westmoreland, pre-
serving, for the use of linguiets and hietotions, the exert
Mate of language in those districts, as spoken by the native
population in the reign of Victoria.

. .
The Bohemian joarnals record a airmail"r condem-
nation pr •aed on a newspaper editor :—M. Konh, editor of
the Torsbots 011 DosA4ll4ll (Daily Moosatiger of BoAounio),
having in an article on the discovery of en odd Owens= manu-
script by M. Hooke, librarian of the city of Prague, made
mos offensive observations on that gentleman, has been
sestemsed by the C.'atinal Court to 100 gains Ins (Mfr.),
and to ma imprisonment of fort months, with the Ant end
third Fridays of each month to be pined in a 'mkt feat.

The eldest ion of M. St. Marc Oirardia, aged 21
the wwll•kaown contributor to the Journal dee Debate, way
drowned while bathing in the rive. Setae, an Thursday.

A Paris correspondent of the Literary Gazette
affirms that the Wiwi end dressmakers of Paris are now
taking their fa.htoes front England, not giving theirs to at.
The French women are now wearing the red-striped petticoat
of Wale•, end the plumed trassikansation of the wide-awake,

which so charmingly dorm the heeds of London lima ms
klotten-row. 'I his they take ankindly. "A Perfslui lady is
as little at her ems in the London riding hat that seems to go
of heel( from Heath's coasters to the heed of a west-end
twenty, as a Scotch dairy-maid would be la the grace;ul
mantilla of a onswelas of 11l addd."

The Freese 'Orient has the follow;og account of
the late Worm of the Sultan:—"The malady from which
hie Majesty suffered wee an intermittent fever, complicated
at the commencement by an tedigeadou which deceived the
reedicrl men Bret called M. It re thought that the Sultan
contracted the facer while sleeping under the tent which bad
Even prepared for him at Lielatica, end which stood at ocly
a short distant)* from a swamp. Dr. Catheodari, who
specially attended the Sultan during his illness, has received
brilliant marks of the imperial moniflcence. All the high
fanctiouathe have oleo, according to custom, sent rich pre-
sents to the doctor. The Sultan has likewise shown himself
wry generous towards an Armenian lady, Mariana Cedin,
who acted aa nurse dining his ulnas, and who bin high fa-
vour at the palace."

The Empress Dowager of Russia," says the
Aforwir of Dios, "will arrive at this piste hi the Metalling
of Goober from Interlaken, where she is at purest. Her
Majesty has proved that, however rich roverelmse may be,
gem are not always disposed to suborn to the eatortiooan
demarla of bopl•ksepets. When her Majesty pas•ed
threagh Bashi two years age, Ma laadlrd of one of the
boat, there charged 17,000 fr. fir arm mmndating the Emotes
and her suite for a single night. Ths worthy innkeeper, on
kerning that her M►jeety we. coming to tlsiteed►ud, ea-
peered a Nomad visit, bat the Empress, before leaving St.
Petersburg, adopted a defensive atrate‘y, by enraging
several cooks, who go before end prepare her repasts in the
tows. abate eta Intend► to stop. This year, on passing
through Beale, her Majesty's dinner was prepared, as usual,
befurebar.d, and served In one of the railway refreshment

SCAREOROLGII.—The bazaar in aid of the funds
of this Royal Northern Sea-betting lamer, at Scarborough
opened on Tuesday morning, at the new Music•buill.
awormot the moot notable of the matents of the Lower w.s
a little comic sketch by Jotn Leech, of PwarA celebrity,
who is now visiting Scarborough. Mr. Leech made the
drawing, end presented it for sale at Lady Mary Thompson's
'MIL The ',object is the teeottesoience of en excess of crino-
line on a windy day. Two ladies are represented se drying
over the send in a pony carriage, and they find that tbe con-
want inflation of their bulky Airs entirely fills the frail of
the carnage, end obscures the vie. !Afore them. The value of
the Agee*, we suppose, is in its originality. No lees than 31.
was offered for it Unmediated, Mier Its first exposure, end on
Teleeday sve fling it mood with 61. offered. The total receipt.
of the limo dey amounted to 7041. Oa the second day 1,230
vieilare were adruttted, sod the receipts were 4501. The eon-
art week, at which Modems Grid wee the vocalist,
realised Md. towards the tends at the institution, and a UM
sum he the allepaseary.

LATEST INTELLIGENCE.

PIEDMONT.
THE TUSCAN DEPUTATION.
TURIN, FIIDAT.

The deputation from Tuscany is expected to arrive
here at noon to-morrow, and preparations are being
made to give the members of the same a splendid
reception.
The %int will receive the deputation at 3 o'clock
in the afternoon.

The Nord of today says:—" The great question
of the hour is, whether King Victor Emmanuel will
accept the annexation of the States of Central Italy
which has been voted by their assemblies. The ge-
neral opinion seems to be that the King will accept
the offer under some reserves and conditions
as to the ultimate opinion of Europe.
By accepting the provisional sovereignty of the
States thus spontaneously offered to him, the King
will at once save them from civil war and from
anarchy, will perform a signal service in the
cause of order, at the same time that he
preserves the rights of Europe by reserv-
iog for a European Congress the final settlement
of the political cl,ificulty. What power will venture
to protest against a measure of pacification and
conservation, whereby the conflict of armies
and the explosion of revolutions ere happily got
rid of. The interest, of dy amities cermet prevail
against the imperious and regent duty of
maintaining order and security, and placing
ander a regular government peoples whose
unchecked passions will infallibly produce con-
vu'isions, the reaction of which would shake
the whole of Europe. This conditional acceptance
of the offer of the States of Central Italy appthrs
therefore to us the most probable and, at the same
time, the most salutary solution of the question."
The Sardinian government has just issued au order
for the augmentation of the army by three regiments
of light cavalry and six brigades of infantry. The
cavalry regiments are to be called the Milan, the
Lodi, and the Montebello. The six infantry brigades
will receive their designations from Brescia,Cremons,
Pavia, Como, and Bergamo. The other brigade will
be called the Lombard Grenadiers.

THE LEGATIONS.
BOLOGNA, Barr. I.
To-day the Governor-General of the Romagna
opened the National Assembly by a speech, of which
the following is a summary :

" The people of the Romagna, after having exhi.
bited great prudence during the last three month., I
hastened in crowds to the electoral districts to re-
cord their votes. Now, it is fur you, gentlemen, to
give expression to the wishes of the people. The
good result of my government ;n owing to the zeal
of those who have elected me I have endeavoured
to provide for the defence of the country against
aggressions from all aides by forming a league with
the seighbourieg States."
He concluded thus :—" Constitute your govern-
ment, and entrust it to him who positron jour
confidence."

THE CONFERENCE.
ZURICH, Barr. 2.

Yesterday at the meeting of the plenipotentiaries,
the regulation of certain points relating to the
limits of the Lombardian frontiers and the separa-
tion of the civil and ecclesiastical jurisdictions wee
taken into consideration. The Prussian minister

accredited at Turin has arrived here, and paid a
visit to the Sardinian plenipotentiaries. A meeting
also took place yesterday of the second plenipoten-
tiaries of the three Powers.

The following telegram has been received at
Mr. Renter's office this day :

ZURICH, Sate. 3.

Yesterday there was a conference of the pleni-
potentiaries, luting two hours, at which M. de
Bourqneney, M. de Banneville, Count Colloredo, and
M. de .Meisenberg were present.

the ministry of that colony. Its tone is highly
lettering to the Prince, of whom it says, among
other things, " The intelligence of his retreat was
received with an absolute stupefaction." Such a
document would hardly have been put forward
unless with the sanction of government. This is
not the first time his return to public affairs has
been hinted at. If he ever really believed he had a
chance of the Grand Ducal crown of Tuscany, that
bright dream has now melted away—so it is quite
possible this petition may herald an sweltering
from his Imp Highness's politico-adminis-
trative sleep.
Business experienced a revival at the Bourse to-
day. It transpires that the realisations of premium
by large holders (which produced the recent falls)
were not the result, as had been supposed, of the
receipt of bad intelligence. Many persons believe
we have seen the lowest prices, and that public con-
fidence will gradually revive, in spite of the as yet
unsettled state of the Italian question. Some spe-
culators are going for a rime, in the belief that the
separation of the conferences is a step preliminary
to the meeting of a congress. Rentes left off at
88fr. 80c. cash and 88fr. 83c. account, a rive of 36c.
and 30e. ; Credit Mobilise, 820fe. and 8171 r. 60c., a
rise of B'i% 26c. and 7fr. 60c.