The Express.
London, England, 1860-06-21 00:00:00

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LONDON, THURSDAY, JUNE 21.

WHEN 111111:011Ile is expressed that regiments of
Militia should be disembodied, at • time when
confessedly there are no more than thirty thou-
sand troops of the Line available for the defence
of the United Kingdom, it is usually replied that
a regiment of Militia costa more when embodied
than one of regular infantry ; and that, as it is
not likely to be more efficient in any respect, we
may as well give the preference to the latter. We
are not about to argue the invidious question thus
raised, or to push our predilection in favour of a
home force to the length of seeking to diminish
the available strength of the Line. But we must
unceasingly reiterate the desire which is felt by
moat thinking and reflecting men, that, instead of
being discarded or gradually disintegrated, the
old constitutional force for the protection of the
realm should be retained, reorganised, and rein-
vigorated. A National Militia permanently em-
bodied is no doubt subject to the objection that
it is in point of fact nothing more than a number
of supplementary battalions, officered by gentle.
men who do not pay for their commissions,
and exempted from service beyond the sea. But
a Local Militia is a very different thing. It is
free by the very constitution of its being from the
imputation of being a rival or a substitute for the
regular army ; and it has the enormous advantage
of being capable of recruitment from a class of the
community which at present contributes fewer than
any other to the defence of the nation, but which
would be found both able and willing to furnish
forth the materiel of corps which would be found
invaluable in time of need. Regiments of Na-
tional Militia are unavoidably recruited from the
idlest and loosest portion of the labouring popu-
lation. In the first instance they are called out to
drill for a fortnight twice in the year. No good
workman will leave his employment for such a
space of time ; and the man who does so seldom
finds his way back to work when the fourteen days
is expired. In a word, the existing regulations
with respect to recruiting and training have the
effect of winnowing the corn in order to secure the
chaff. And if this be true previous to embodi-
ment, it is still more so in prospect or in presence
thereof. Those whom it would be most desirable
physically and morally to have permanently en-
rolled in the ranks of national defence will not be
induced to subject themselves to being marched
into • distant county, and there detained in billet
or in barracks for six or twelve months as the case
may be. A young man had better enlist in a
marching regiment, and become an ordinary soldier.
Very different would be the position in which a
youth of intelligence and respectability would find
himself were the ranks of a strictly Local Militia
open to him. Without abandoning his calling,
whatever it might be, he could, as the members
of our Rifle Volunteer Corps do now,
attend muster during part of one day
every week or every fortnight, without feeling
the obligation to do so • loss or a burden. The
best limbs, the best nerves, and the best brains of
the village or the parish would thus be enrolled,
trained, and regimented, instead of the scum. It
has been by institutions of this kind that Switzer-
land has for generations retained her military
spirit and national freedom ; and it is by this
means alone that the military defence of the
country can be made permanently popular, inex-
pensive, and effectual.

Curiously enough there exiats under our eyes
the model of a system perfect in almost every
respect, and applicable with little modification
to every condition of society in the United
Kingdom. In the island of Jersey there has
existed time out of mind a local force con-
tributed by the population of every district,
kept in constant organisation and discipline at
little cost, and regarded by the people as a
source of pride, not of privation. No man
is taken from his trade or avocation for more than
half a day at a time, except on occasions when the
attack of a foreign foe, or the disturbance of do-
mestic tranquillity, is considered imminent. Ordi-
narily speaking the members of each company are
never required to walk more than two or three
miles to their place of drill ; but at stated periods
they are of course brought together in larger
bodies, and trained to act in concert. The old law,
which required every section of the community to
contribute its quota of men and money for pur-
poses of defence and the preservation of the public
peace, renders every man liable, between the ages
of seventeen and sixty, to be called on to render
-this service, and the selection is made in each
hamlet or township by lot. Obviously this is very
unlike the conscription in France, or the Militia
ballot as we used to have it long ago in England.
The family is not in this case deprived for an
indefinite period, perhaps for life, of its hope,
its solace, and its stay. Instead of being
filled with grief and repining on amount of
the bereavement of its firstborn, every member of
the household looks with pride on the youth as he
puts off his working blower and dons for the after-
noon drill the citizen soldier's belt and cap. A
sense of self-dependent security and martial habi-
tude is diffused throughout the community; and

THE

the health and vigour of the future heads of fatal-'
lies are promoted by the use of discipline, which in-
culcated in this way comas more in the form of
manly relaxation and exercise, than in that of
hardship or vexation. And thus, without any ex-
pense worth mentioning, Jersey has a Militia two
or three thousand in number, a force which in pro-
portion to the population far exceeds any which
there has ever been in our time in England.
Why should we not apply the admirable system
that has so long been tried in the Channel Islands/
What can be better for its purpose than that
which we have briefly described as existing there/
What can be less satisfactory in most important
particulars than that which we have for the last
seven years been trying bare t

AMIDST incontinent talk of invasion, rumours of
war, gossip of princely gatherings, and obscure
hints of diplomatic confetences to stir up the latent
elements of dissension on the Continent, it is plea-
sant to hear of aoonference about to assemble whose
only object is European peace and international
pewees. After all, the facts relating to the steady
advancement of nations in the path of moral cul-
ture, as well as in the arts of life, are quite as im-
portant as intercepted royal notes and imperial
visits. Of course, it is • duty to deal sa efficiently
as possible with military facts and figures
as they arrive for discussion, and at pre-
sent public attention is necessarily occupied
to a considerable extent with the vexed question
of our national defences. But it is surely unwise
in the extreme on slight or fanciful grounds to
sum up all social questions and political problems
into the supreme alternative of peace or war.
The earthquake and the storm are but momentary
interruptions of the great agencies of nature
which are incessantly at work for the benefit of
man. Nor are war and carnage the necessary
conditions of national life, however passionately
the unripe judgment and fervid enthusiasm of
youth may cling to such a theory. So far from
being the end of a nation's existence, or even
the beat means of its progress, the drawn
sword is at best a terrible remedy of
• worse disease. Nations instinctively feel
this, and the national wars of Europe have been
the exception, not the rule. The great wars that
have devastated Europe have been instigated by
royal convenience or imperial ambition. The
friendly intercourse of nations must tend to sup-
press this costly and criminal species of argument,
the ultimo ratio of kings. Anything that tends
to promote this intercourse is an unmixed good.
The meeting we have referred to may fairly
claim this character. It is that of the " Interns-
" tional Statistical Congress," which, at the invi-
tation of our Government, will assemble in
London the 16th of next month, and hold its
fourth session during the five following days. The
previous meetings of the Congress have been held,
as many of our readers will remember, at Brun
eels, Paris, and Vienna. The idea of the Con-
gress first originated here, at the Great Exhibition,
ten years ago, but it was first called together at
Brussels by the Government of the Kira of the
Br.Loisite, and very much at the instigation of a
celebrated statistician, M. Quermer, who may be
regarded as the chief founder of the Congress.
Each meeting has been attended by the most dis-
tinguished economists, statisticians, and masters of
political science in Europe ; and the deliberations
of these Congresses have done thus far more to ad-
vance the science of comparative or international
statistics than the isolated labours of individuals
could possibly have done. The science
indeed, from the number of its objects
and the largeness of its aim, peculiarly
demands combined action for its successful cultiva-
tion. No tangible object that is of the slightest
use or value to man escapes its comprehensive
grasp. Its work is to take an exact inventory of
the population, arts, manufactures, industry, agri-
culture, resources, revenues, and wealth of the
nation. But vast as is the task to be accomplished
in this direction it does not end here. The obser-
vation and registration of facts is only preliminary
to the higher work of classifying them, determining
their mutual relations, and evolving the laws
they exemplify. Then follows the practical
application of these laws to correct what is defec-
tive and supply what is wanting in the social
and industrial organisation of the people. The
field which the science of statistics thus occupies
is immense, the facts being almost innumerable and
their combinations infinite. It is not enough, more-
over, merely to correct the statistics of any single
country at a given period. These must be corn-
pared with those of the same country at different
epochs, as well as with those of other countries, in
order to secure the moat valuable results. Com-
bined observation can thus alone solve the great
problems of statistical science. The civilised
nations of the earth must carry on their observa-
tions together, and compare the results. Curiously
enough, every kingdom and government in Europe
sends representatives to the Congress except the
Government of Naples, which thus practically
confesses the notorious truth that it is utterly
barbarous and without the pale of civilised society.
Though London can scarcely be called a Euro-
pean centre, or is at least not a central spot for
European Delegates to assemble in, it is quite
right that the Congress should meet here, England
being the cradle not only of political economy
but of the political arithmetic from which statistical
science originally sprang. Sir Wititsx Parry,
the great ancestor of the present Lord L►xs-
nowrs, was the true founder of the science in
this country. He was a man of rare genius and
enterprise, and his " Politics] Arithmetic," pub-
lished towards the close of the seventeenth cen-
tury, laid the foundation of all that has since been
done towards the exact observation and collection
of social and political statistics. Besides, the
idea of a Congress, as we have seen, first origi-
nated here. Accordingly, our Government sent
a message to the Congress at its last meet-
ing in Vienna, to the effect that if
it should be thought desirable to hold
the next meeting in London her Majesty's
Government would be happy to give the members
the best reception it could in conformity with
English usages. The official invitation was cor-
dially accepted, and we are accordingly to have
amongst us next month the first masters of social,
statistical, sad political science in Europe. They
deserve, as we are quite sure they will receive, a
hearty welcome, and the result of their delibera-
tions will necessarily be of great interest and
value not only to ourselves but to every civilised
nation on the Continent

The correspondence relative to Sir Charles Tre-
volyan's famous minute has been published in the form of
parliamentary puss. The moat important part of it
consists of two despatches which Sir Charles Wood addressed
to the government of Madras. One of them recalled Sir
Charles Trevelyan, and stated the grounds upon which that
step was taken; while the other expressed, in emphatic
language, the seam which her Majesty's government enter-
tained of his valuable services as governor of the presidency.
A new communion of government will shortly be issued.
In the mean while the office this vacated will devolve on
the member of council next in rank to the governor
other than the commander-in-chief, agreeably to the pro.
visions of the law.

EXPRESS, THURSDAY EVENING, AIRE 2t, 1860.

LATEST ItiTELL IGENOE.
FRANCE.
CIRCULAR NOTE FROM THE FRENCH
GOVERNMENT.
The following telegram ham been received by Mr.
Renter :

PARTS, JUNI 21.

At a council of ministers held yesterday at Fon-
tainebleau, under the presidency of the Emperor,
M. Thouvenel, minister for foreign affairs, read the
circular note which the French government is
about to address to the powers who have
signed the final act of Vienna in order to
demand their recognition of the new settlement of
the French frontiers, resulting from the accom-
plished fact of the annexation of Savoy and Nice
to France. This note summarily recalls the cir-
cumstances under which the annexation was
oomplished—namely, the spontaneous cession of
those provinces by the King of Sardinia, and the
free expression of the wishes of the inhabitants by
universal suffrage. M. Thouvenel expresses his
confidence that such an act, accomplished in con-
formity with the generally admitted principles
of public right and international laws, will
obtain the adhesion of all Europe ; the more so be-
cause France is ready to renew before the European
Areopagus the assurance that she intends to assume
the obligations resulting from Article 92 of the
final act of Vienna, referring to the neutralised dis-
tricts of Faucigny and Chablais. The note then
proceeds thus :—" The good faith of the policy of
France and the friendly interest which she has
always shown in regard to Switzerland offer the
best guarantees for the faithful accomplish-
ment of such an engagement." M. Thouve-
nel, in conclusion, distinctly hints that
the court of the Tuileries will not consent
to any lessening (amoindriesesserif) of Savoyard
territory in favour of Switzerland, although France
accepts the European conference on the question.
The circular note of M. Thouvenel will be dis-
patched this evening to London and to-morrow to
Vienna, Berlin, and St. Petersburg, for com-
munication by the representatives of France to the
different ministers for foreign affairs. This note
will also be communicated to the cabinets of
Stockholm, Madrid, and Lisbon.

The Constitutionnel, in an article signed by the
chief editor, M. Grandguillot, strongly refutes the
opinion that the pamphlet, entitled " Prussia in
1860," emanated from official inspiration.

THE GERMAN POWERS.
BADEN, WIIMMIDAT EVIINING.

According to reliable information the final con-
ference between the Prince Regent and the German
Sovereigns, before their departure, has brought
about a decisive agreement on those questions
which refer to the relations of Germany with
foreign countries.

THE REVOLUTION IN SICILY.
CAOLIARI, Joint 90.

All the communes in Sicily have presented ad-
dresses requesting annexation to Piedmont. The
clergy and aristocracy are at the head of the move-
ment.

The evacuation of Palermo continues, but Mes-
sina is being fortified.

One hundred more dead bodies have been dis-
covered in the ruins of the houses of Palermo,
which were destroyed by the bombardment.
Carini, Manin, and Pallas*lo are recovering.
Colonel Medici, with 3,000 volunteers, has
arrived at Palermo.

Considerable forces will leave to-morrow for
Mewsina.

Important desertions from the Neapolitan army
have taken place.

VMTNA, Jars 21.

The statement that Austria is about to reinforce
her flotilla in the Neapolitan waters is without
foundation.

Rear-Admiral Fantz will only sail forthe Adriatic
Sea in order to exercise the crew of the newly-built
ship Kaiser.

three mamas. They probably hope for a reborn of the
state of things is 1848, when 17 months pond without
anything being den* to organise a national army, and when
• for lir were sufficient to reduce Palermo and pnt an
ad to the national government. But, if some swollen
their detest with such illusions, on the majority the Isee
events have produced quite a different impression. They
have converted them into Italians ; above all, those—end
there are many—who come in °outset with General
Garibaldi ; they are to s man pined over, and not a few
have expressed the hope of fighting soon side by side for
Se Mlle of Italy.

Jun 11.

ROME, THUIUMAT.

WI evening another steamer, with 400 troops, and two
sailing brip with ammunition and stores, left in the direc-
tion of Massina, where, it seems, great preparations are
made for maintaining the position. To-day the large French
transport steamer is expected to leave. From all we can
see, the first care is to carry off the material, which is,
likewise, according to the terms of the convention ; when
this is done the cavalry has to be taken, and then, pro-
bably, the troops remaining will go in one large convoy.

According to official intelligence addressed from
Naples to the Holy Father, no infraction of public
order has yet taken place in Calabria.

THE PENINSULAR MAIL.
SOUTHAMPTON, TatiasDAT MORNING.

The Sultan has arrived here with the Peninsular
mail. She left Lisbon Jane 17, and Oporto sad Vigo June
18. She brought home 51 passengers. Amongst her cargo
was specie worth 3,3001. The Tagus experienced on her
homeward passage fresh southerly breeses, with a con-
siderable sea across the bay.
The Magdalena, with the outward Brazil mail, left liaison
on the 14th inst

The French Imperial yacht L'Aigle, with the tag of
Rear Admiral Doupenay, wee in the Tame.
Exchange on London, 531 ; on Paris, 5.33 ; as Amster-
dam, 42; ;on H■mhurg, 47i ;on Gems, 5.31. Lisbon
Beak, 5.50; Oporto Bank, 2.56 ; Ranks, 451 to 46 ;
Coupons, 441 to 45.

THE UNITED STATES.

QUEENSTOWN, TBUIADAT.

The Montreal Ocean Company's steamer Pales-
tine, which left Quebec on the 9th instant, has arrived
here. She landed all the mails. She brings no news el
importance.

NEW YORK, Juts 7.

The stock market is dull, but prime are rather better.
Money plentiful and heavy ; rates 4 to 411. Exchange on
London, 1091 to 1091. The receipts of flour reach 18,000
barrels; sake, 15,000. State and Western steady. Super-
fine State, 5 dole. 15e. to 5 dole. 20c. Wheat steady. Oats
dull. Corn snd lard firm and active. Pork dull.

MONTREAL, Jams 9 (mid Parma Poise).

Flour inactive but firm. Wheat inquired for. &lee of
corn 12,000 bushels. Freights easier. Grain, 6s. 6d.; sour,
38. 6d. to 4e. to the Clyde. The weather continue favour-
able for the crops. The accounts from the Western Pro-
vinnie ace highly satisfactory.
(LATERT BY TELEGRAPH TO FATHER POINT.)
NEW YORK, Jung 9, Emus°.

The Gliugow sailed to-day for Liverpool with 400,000
dollars. The cotton market is dull and quotations are
nominal. Breadstuff. quiet, and prices are barely main-
tained. Corn dearer with an advancing tendency.

NEW ORLEANS, Jura 7.
Bales of cotton in two days 2,300 bales. Quotations
'mina].

Colonel Nino Bixio bee been promoted by Gari-
baldi to the rank of Brigadier-General.

The following are extracts from the Palermo
correspondence of the Times, June 9, 10, and 11 :

ITALY.
-.-

(nor our owr

Yesterday the Sardinian admiral, Persano, went to pay a
visit to General Garibaldi, with whom he ham been
so:painted for years. The appearance of the Sardinian
squadron at this moment baa excited considerable interest,
and not a few conjectures, especially as La Farina, a Sicilian
emigrant, known to be in the confidence of Cavour, was
brought down in the admiral's vessel. It is whispered that
he has his nomination as commissioner extraordinary in his
pocket.

Her Majesty's ship Racoon came in yesterday, from
Malta, hariag touched at Syracuse, Catania, and Messina.
The lust place was still held by the Neapolitans, who kept
their position only by the most sbiagest military measures,
having strong patrols in the streets, and being ready for an
outbreak. Catania was found abandoned, and considerably
damaged. The garrison had retired to Manias, where like-
wise the garrison of Girgenti bad gone, raising the form sta•
tioned there to 7,000 or 8,000 men. The first batch of
troops and two ships full of ammunition which went from
here the day before yesterday had likewise arrived. The
soldiers were still in the town, and the populetion, as usual,
waiting for Garibaldi's arrivaL
In the meantime the equadre are constantly coming into
Palermo, where the great work of military organisation has
begun. The arms, ammunition, and men who were landed
lately at Yawls have come in likewise, and now supplies
of these, on a far greater scale, are daily expected. The
whole Central Italian army seems disposed to come down,
and would do se if it was allowed to follow its own inclina-
tion.

To-day Minima Pere and cowpony arrived here in his little
yacht Monte Cristo from Genoa. The Neapolitan consul at
Normal's refused to rise his passport for Palermo, and
when he arrived here and aaw the Neapolitan flag still
graving over the matte and on board the Neapolitan ship.,
be felt rather uneasy. But, soon after, the shore boatmen
coming off with tricolour cockades in their button-holes and
on their caps removed all apprehensions, and he came on
shore, where he was quartered in the royal palace, being the
first, except estployis, who has taken up his abode there.
We have likewise Mr. Oliveira, ex M.P., who has come
in the Racoon from Malta.

JrNE 10.

Yesterday there was little movement on the Mole, and
only ens steamer left in the evening. From the castle
marten and ammunition were taken on board ship, however.
Meet of the Neapolitan ships have been drawn close to the
Mole, so that embarkation can take place without using
boats. The proem, as you may imagine, attracts crowds of
spectators to the Marina, and every cargo is greeted with
blow and shouts, to which the soldiers invariably reply by
" Viva it R!"

In order to put an end to this, an order has been given to
prevent the crowd from assembling, and the berrimdes at
Porta Felice, and several others leading to the Marina and
the castle, have been heightened.
About noon a large screw steamer under French colours
came in, towing two empty brigs. It was the first of six
transport steamers freighted to take away troops and mate-
rial. It is to be hoped that the embarkation will go on in
progressive ratio, for the fewer troops that remain the more
anxious will the military authorities be to clear ad the
place. It seems the Neapolitan troops expect to return in

SARDINIA.

TU.I:t•T, Jun 17.

I have already had occasion more thin once to
mention the intrigues and the insolence of the
clerical fsction. A fresh scandal has just occurred,
and this time the author of it is a priest who
ought to have kept himself especially clear of such
matters. Abbate Gazelli, the royal almoner, who
has received many favours from the King, and been
' honoured with his confidence, has been recently
intriguing with the Roman court, which has
lured him by promises of ecclesiastical promo-
tion, and to which he has forwarded the sum
of two thousand francs as a contribution to
the so-called Peter's pence. As soon as the
King became aware of this he acted with his usual
good-natured toleration, merely telling Gaxelli
that, as this contribution might be interpreted as an
act of hostility to the government, he ought to
declare that he intended It for purely religious pur-
posee, and not for any object at variance with the
stability of the kingdom. Gazelli refused to make
this declaration. The King then called upon him
to resign his office of royal almoner. This also
he refused to do • whereupon his Majesty, losing
patience, dismissed him. The intriguing priest
had hoped that matters would not be carried to such
an extremity, but finding them desperate, he im-
plored the good offices of the Princess Clothilde, who
wrote from Paris to her august father on behalf of
Gareth, who had been her confessor. The King, how-
ever, refused to yield, semen he Tight. In another age,
or at any other court, such an insolent priest would
have been imprisoned, or perhaps sent to the gal-
leys. At Naples if a priest were to subscribe to
the Garibaldi rifle fund he would most assuredly
be put to death.
A brawl which took place here yesterday is per-
haps worth mentioning, as indicating the temper of
the people with regard to the recent annexation.
Some of the disbanded Savoyard soldiers and three
Piedmontese artillerymen were drinking together
at a wine shop, and the Savoyards offered to pay
the score. This the Piedmontese would not allow ;
it would be better, they said, that every
man should pay for himself. The Savoyards
rejoined that they were Frenchmen, and
rich, and not poor devils, like the Pied-
monteee. The latter retorted that the Savoyards
might possibly have some money, as they had just
sold themselves. Thereupon a fight took place, in
which the Savoyards decidedly got the worst of it.
On the whole, however, we have reason to biejavrc/
well satisfied with the attachment the Savoyards
show to our government. Of 244 officers o y 29
have left us ; the rest remain in our army, although
necessarily obliged to be content with inferior rank.
Yesterday and this morning we have received a
good deal of news from Naples and Sicily. From
the former place I hear that people don't seem to
know what they want, that there is no clear poli-
tical programme, but that there is no longer
any confidence in the government, which is
at a discount with everybody. The arie-
tocratic party, which is the more favourable
to the government, and which is somewhat afraid
of the revolution, has already sent much of its
moveable property to Vienna, and is preparing
itself to follow. The officials are taking advantage
of the moment of anarchy, and robbing with impu-
nity. General Filangiert, Prince of Satriano, is
constantly getting money out of the King for new
plans,—at one time for attacking Piedmont, at an-
other for reconquering Sicily. Meanwhile the
heads of the police department make similar profit
out of promises to get Garibaldi assassinated ; for
to such schemes does this ultra-pious court lend
itself. An extraordinary sum has been pro-
mised to one Ottaiano, a pardoned brigand
and assassin, if he should manage to kill
Garibaldi ; and he and a certain sergeant of artillery
have been conveyed to Sicily for that purpose
in a royal ship. If he should succeed in his mur-
derous design the police are quite capable of
getting rid of him in an equally summary manner,
to save the blood-money. Such things are not
unknown at Naples.
At Genoa the arrival of the Genoese riflemen
wounded at Calatafimi and Palermo has deeply
moved the whole city. More than 20 Genoese
volunteers, however, have found a grave in the
island they fought to liberate. Many other cities
have paid large tribute to the Sicilian cause, and
Paris, Bergamo, Brescia, and even smaller places,
have lost some of their bravest sons.

My letters from Palermo make no mention of
the occupation by the English of the fortress of
Castellamare. It might have been as well for the
French, Austrians, and others, who have made
such an outcry, to have first ascertained thatthere
was something to cry out about. What Ido hear
is that the Archbishop of Palermo, and many heads
of religious orders, paid a visit to Garibaldi, and
returned delighted with the simplicity and modesty
of his bearing. Garibaldi finds himself more at
home with the Sicilian clergy than with any other,
because it has never made common cause with
tyranny, or lost the manly virtues of the citizen.
" It was worth while to oome to Sicily," he said,
" if only to find out that there is still an Italian
clergy.' Garibaldi, on the other hand, must con-
trast favourably in their eyes with the Neapolitan
generals who have profaned their churches and
plundered them of their sacred vessels, as General
Clary did at the sack of Catania, in the
confident expectation that the Pope would absolve
him as he absolved the Swiss, who, in sacking
Perugia, laid ecclesiastical as well as lay property
under contribution. So the less Cardinal Anto-
nelli says about the " sacrilegious" spoliation of the
Romagnas the better. By the way, I see that the
cardinal magnifies Zambianchi into something like
the general of an army, pretending not to know
that the man has been arrested and confined in one
of the criminal prisons of Turin. I wish the car-
dinal would exercise as much vigilance as our go-
vernment, and lock up all the Zambianchis to be
found walking about in Umbria and the Marches ;
but that is not to be expected, for it would dry up
the sources of the army which lamoriciere is col-
lecting to march against the King of Sardinia.

place Tea dollars were paid to every private with arms
and wastrel:into—four dollars without them. The Ans.
than captain (a Venetian) expreesed supreme contempt at
the cowardly behaviour of the Royal troops, and observed
that if Francis 11. had no better hopes than the defence of
such, he had better at once seek refuge with the Emperor
at Vienna.
Amongst the troops here (Messina) there are daily deer.
tions, not only of privates, but of officers and sub.officers.
On several occasions the sentinels on guard during the night
have decamped. It is a disease that seems on the increase.
This morning the Archimede, a small mercantile steamer,
now in the employ of the Neapolitan government. arrived
from Naples, bringing again the celebrated Marshal Mien
de Rivera, who takes command of all the troops here, the
late commander, General Russo, being recalled to Naples.
From such a brute as Don Affan we may expect nothing
but brutality. The postage stamps with the Bombe bred
are not any longer efficient for letters for any place out of
the district of Messina.

Afternoon.— It has leaked out from the Archimede that
the Court at Naples are preparing for a run. The royal
treasures have been embarked upon two steamers that keep
up their steam day and night. A telegraphic despatch has
ordered Affan de Rivera topromed to command there.
Several boats have arrived from Reggio with royalists.
Nothing has yet broken out in that town ; but the aspect is
menacing. Any news of the defection of the troop.
at Monteleone would cause a revolt. Letters by
the Caradoc, from Palermo, state that the Nee.
politan troops were being removed gradually ; that
two French transports bad arrived (chartered by the
government) to mist in the operation ; that Garb
baldi was planting cannon against the Fort of Castellamare,
eo that in case the garrison do not evacuate by the time
stipulated, their memories may be refreshed; that the
municipal body had been summoned by Garibaldi to de.
vise on the fate of Sicily, and it was expected the vote
would be annexation. It is said that the government have
sent emissariee to Palermo, to murder Garibaldi.

" The direct boat is in fioin Marseilles. The Neapolitan
missions to the governments of France and England begging
their interference have failed. Both have refused, and
have limited themselves to express their regret that their
good advice had been despised.