The Express.
London, England, 1858-06-14 00:00:00

THE IMPRESS, MONDAY EVENING, JUNE 14, 1858.

It came out, on the examination oid:lenD 1.144
:he superintendent of the " Idsforititory," rYt Vie
child had been " frequeniky bastes," how atom tloe
witness could not say, Twice b. had been togged
for stealing money, the punishment being inflicted
with a leather 'A trap on the naked back. He was
afterwards put into a all six feet square, and kept
there for 37 ftays. Such was the place and sueh the
treatment from which the child ran away. He was
reeoeeeed, and brought before the court at Forfar,
where dimeiff OGILVY was asked in the name of the
law to fintenoe him to a further punishment. That
jut 'Apristrate declined to lend the sanction of his
authority to cover cruelty and inoompetenee, and
read the managers of this pretended Reformatory •
lemon which they will long remember. "I do not
" wonder," he said, "that the boys ran away from
" such treatment."

The Ramie Reformatory, as we find by a recent
Parliamentary Return, is an institution regularly
certificated and sanctioned by the Secretary of State
under the statutes 17 and 18 Viet., e. 74, and 17 and
18 Viet, c. N. It is a very small institution,
having accommodation only for 10 boys, half
the number which competent superintendents
manage well single-handed. With so few lads tome
for, aed with every facility for individualising his
treatment, the master's penonal influence over the
boys ought to have been all but absolute. DAVID
ILLY, however, appears to have felt perfectly help-
less among the children. He says : " I have no
" other means of restraint but what I have stated"—
that is to say, frequent floggings and imprison-
ment for five weeks together in the cell six feet
square. And, of course, these did not succeed. Half
the boys ran away, to the great advantage of
their morals we have little doubt ; for how were
they to profit by a regimen under which infants were
treated as wild beasts ? The committing magis-
trates at Dundee thought they were doing a merci-
ful thing when they ordered that at the end of a
fortnight the child BURN. should exchange a prison
I for a Reformatory, but we will answer for it that the
boy might have remained in any ordinary prison
1 since his conviction without risk of the unnumbered
beatings, or the protracted and rigorous confinement,
he endured at the Ramie institution.

The directors of the Reformatory seem to have
known how it was administered. One of them, Mr.
MUMS, said before the Sheriff—" I am aware that
" the boy was confined in the cell of the institution.
" I do not consider 37 days an excessive confine-
" ment." One wonders why then was the child
BURNS brought before the magistrate at all on his
recapture. The prosecutors could not have sup-
posed that the Sheriff would inflict on a mere infant
a punishment severer than that to which he had
already been subjected. Their presence in Court
must be taken as a confession of sheer
helplessness. Their system had broken down.
" It is preposterous, the very thought of it," said the
Sheriff, " Why, he is but an infant !" And the
Procurator-Fiscal added:—" Should • father be
" reported to me fur using his own child in the same
" manner as the prisoner has been used, I should feel
" it to be my duty to bring him before your Lord-
" ship." Of course one is glad to learn that the law
does not sanction the arbitrary proceedings just
detailed. Our chief regret, however, is not that the
law has been broken, but that a noble cause should
have been Do soon invaded by a spirit of servility and
formalism, and that through the improper conduct
of one or two individuals, it has been exposed to
misconception and obloquy. Anything more con-
trary to the acknowledged principles of juvenile
reformation than the management of the Resale
institution it is impossible to imagine. Re-
formatory administration does not, indeed, necee-
eerily exclude punishment, and without a discipline
always strict, occasionally severe, its methods would
be inapplicable. But individual character is studied
there. Means are adapted to ends ; motives are
soaght and found in the depths of the being. A
rigid exclusion of personal indulgence is accompa-
nied by unbounded personal kindness ; and as a re-
sult the stubborn resistance of the criminal is
broken down, the mind is opened, and the moral will
acknowledge new springs of action. Hundreds at
Instances are on record where the sincerest gratitude
has sprung up in the bosom of the reformed criminal
towards the Superintendent or Governor, whose sin-
cere solicitude for his welfare, manifested by coo.
stant conscientious care, never once condescended to
the weakness of petting. But we never beard be-
fore of a Reformatory from which half the inmates
ran away, and the report of the Rossi' case is ee
harsh a surprise as if we had been informed that
chains and whips and straw had been found in a
dark room at HanwelL

There is nothing surprising in the Resale case,
nothing that the original promoters of the Refor-
/eatery System did not foresee, and, as far as they
were able, provide for. It was natural to expect,
when their early successes were announced, that
some would suppose that • new system had been dis-
covered, such as had only to be worked with method
and mechanical regularity, in order that the raw
outcast or criminal might be turned out • finished
model convert. Against this notion the most zealous
friends of the movement have unceasingly protested
and straggled. They have over and over again
urged that without the presence of living and per-
sonal influences of the best kind the Reformatory Sys-
tem is dead, and that the multiplication of institutions
at a rats faster than earnest, self-forgetting, and
competent agents can be found for them would be
moist pernicious. A ministry ao important as that
of the Reformatory teacher requires the selectee*
qualifications, both natural and acquired. The spirit
to be exorcised knows intuitively the differing,
between a mere word and a power, and pretenders
in the field risk the fate of the sons of &eve upon
whom it " leaped and overcame them, and prevailed
" against them, so that they fled out of that hoes.
" naked and wounded." M. Delete; the founded
of Mettray, remarked when in this country, ■We
" are in possession of the right ideas; what
" one wants is men to carry them out."
Accordingly, one of the first things he did after
securing the land for his own institution, was to
establish his &ohs Prlparatoire in which to rear a
body of assistants, and so necessary has he found it
to the prosecution of his lab..mrs that he observed at
Bristol, " If this were given up, Mettray itself mast
" cease to exist." Local Committees of Reformatories
assume an obligation to maintain that the discipline
exercised by their authority shall be administered in
the spirit of those institutions ; bat they often find
much difficulty in securing men suited to the work.
We are glad tome that an attempt is about to be
made to meet this want, and that Mr. G. J.
Bow yea, the able Honorary Governor of the Lon-
don and North-Western Preventive Reformatory,
is establishing a Training School for Masters
of similar institutions. Such • school may
be expected to supply men with disciplined
tempers, skilful to govern, and apt to teach. In
the meantime it is satisfactory to know that Rs-
formatwies, dependent as they are for material see-
ms on the support of the public, only to be smeared
by the effiiaicecy with whisk they are conducted, ass
sever ion: harbour enema' MI the expoenrs of the
errors committed at the Romig Institztica within al
brief period of its foundation shows.

TEST ANT(LILENOI.

THVATTACK iON THE ENGLISH CONSUL

AT BKLORADL

A letter from Belgrade, dated June 7, says :
English consul-general was seriously
wounded to-day at twelve o'clock bye Bashi-Smoak.
win.), after throwing stones at him, cut him in se-
wers' please with a sabre. The consul wore a oos-
tame which most have clearly indicated hie official
character to the Turkish irregular. This affair
scant have any political consequences. The Turkish
aatkerities are extremely hurt at what has hap-
pened, and era punish the Beaki-Barouk very
severely."
It appears, however, from the following telegram
that the effiir hes taken a serious turn :

"BELGRADE, Juin' 11, EVIIIIINO.

"'his morning several Nizam soldiers, or Bashi-
Barouks, attacked the English consul's house.
They were repulsed by some Servian guards. Great
agitation prevails among the Turkish and Servian
population. Servian troops protect the English
consulate."

THE FRENCH ARMAMENTS.

The following official notioe appears in yesterday's
ifirosierwr :

" I ABIB, Juxs 12.

" About three months since the English journals
pretended that the French government was prepar-
ing extraordinary armaments. The Moniteur hes
contradicted the fact; the same assertions are now
being renewed; we repeat our contradiction. The
land and sea forces, settled a year ago for the budget
of 1838, have not been increased."

EXPRESS FROM PARIS.

(num' ova am,

PARIS, SUNDAY 2111111710,

The note in the Moniteur which the goverrment
prints treat as • categorical reply to the rumours
"too lightly accredited by English journals," that
France is increasing her armaments, is in reality no
answer at all to the allegations made in England.
It only says that the land and sea forces, which
were settled for the year by the budget of 1868, have
not been augmented. That is not the question. A
French budget is a very elastic thing. Few people
understand it in France, and nobody does abroad.
Because certain military supplies were voted a year
ago without exciting theattention of foreign nations,
that is no reason why they should be blind to the
real object of the vote now that the result etrikes
their senses. It is notorious that the Mediterranean
squadron has recently been augmented from eight
to fourteen vessels, that 40,000 extra recruits were
called out this spring,and that immense armaments far
beyond what the defences of the country require are
going on, and have long been going on, not only at
Cherbourg, but in every military port of the
empire.

Marshal Magnan, during the tour which he has
been making through the division under hie superior
command, gave a grand banquet on the 11th at Caen
to the pr4ncipal civil and military authorities of the
town. At dessert the Marshal proposed a toast—
"To the Emperor, the Empress, and the Prince Im-
perial," which was drunk with the usual enthusiasm.
He then turned Towards the Eogliih Consul, and
said : " Gentlemen,—l see among you the represen-
tative of her Britannia Majesty, and you will be
happy, I duubt not, to join in my second taut—' To
the health of her Gracious Majesty Queen Victoria.'
May the alliance of the two great nations be always
as solid as it is at present, for the prosperity of
their commerce, and for the development of their
moral and material interests." On leaving the
table the Marshal gave a hearty shake of the band to
the Consul, Mr. Hodgson, who thanked him in the
name of her Majesty, expressed to him the high
value which his sovereign attached to the alliance,
and assured him that the English people shared in
the sentiments of their Queen.

The Ocean of Brest says that orders have been
given to hasten the preparations for the reception of
the Emperor and Empress at the maritime pref.°.
tare of Brest, and that a despatch communicated to
the different heads of services states that their Ma-
jesties' may be expected at Brest from the Bth to the
14th of August. This date iv, however, the one
which I communicated to you some days since. The
Emperor will be accompanied by four generals and
two ministers ; each of them will have two aides-de-
camp. The Empress will be attended by three
ladies of honour.

Marshal Hoequet is going to Plombieres for three
weeks. His physicians, it is said, are unpin.
enough to hope that at the end of that time he will
be able to assume his command at Toulouse, in which
report iisa already amigned him a successor.
The Prefect of the Haute@ Pyrenees in his circular
leaned to stimulate the sale of charity lands, desires
that the resolutions of the administrative commis-
sions on the subject may be sent in to him before
July 1.

The Bulletin in Lois publishes a decree opening
an extraordinary credit of three millions on the
estimates of 1858, for the continuation of the works
for repairing the damages caused by the inundations
in 18.56.

The Flare de la Loire contains an interesting
letter from the French surgeon who was on board
the Regina Cali when the negroes mutinied, and
whose life was miraculously saved. He at first
joined with his unfortunate brother officers in their
ineffectual efforts to defend themselves ; but seeing
his companions falling around him, and finding all
resistance hopeless, he sought a precarious refuge at
the top of a mast, from which a ball might have
brought him down at any moment. As a last re-
source he resolved to appeal to the better feelings of
the mutineers, reminding them how often he had
ministered to their wants in sickness, and asking
whether any of them could accuse him of ever having
done them wrong. The men appeared to be moved
by his pleading, and some of them called out that he
might safely come down. He at once responded to
the invitation, and coolly advanced along the deck
with his head erect. A few desperate fellows made
a rush at him, but their comrades held them back,
and protected the doctor till he was safely landed.

A letter from Christiania of the Bth, in the Nord
of Bromide, says —" The session of the !northing domed to-
day. The amiably at Its sittins of yesterday adopted, ohm
a disseseles of live hours, the Topa propos:Woo for ►e
Mos the goveromeat to coaboot a lona of 3.601,000 theist%
Ia ass or two isms, at the rate of or 4 pre mat. per
seinnt."

Tin Otrrwkno Averauxtx MAILS.—Tbe steam-
shlD Cq Woo Went hit Southampton on Satur-
day, whit SIM swat Austra/ha stalls, an average cargo,
jesssisry of ihs mans of 4,0001 and 31 pusangsn, won
wham vas Liesessmat-Coionel Broughton.
Azalea. or :as PllLTOn.—The United States
mall snows Tithos, Clapssia Welton, arrived at C 0..., an
bee way 11, Sams, as Saturday. ae let New York on the
!band 'se MAW 24 hours in the English Channel
by • lbg. On the 10th `t+ t. she peed 11
a ~ British shin
NOO7 ut =Mini and Ike Americo nal
%end Ike lee Talc. Tin tali
=l.llll puesnins, lid d whom suet" lam.

THE UNITED STATES,

LIVERPOOL, Bm►DAY Evaxura.

The steam-ship Niagara, bringing the mails from
Boston to the 2nd instant, with intelligence ~id
Halifax to the night of the 3rd, arrived this evening,
bringing also 149 paasengen and 113,390 dollars in
specie. _

_
The Hammonia, from Southampton, arrived at
New York on the lit, and the Indian, from this port,
reached Quebec on the same day. The steamer
America, hence, arrived at Halifax on the 2ud.

The alleged outrages by British cruisers on Ame-
rican vessels continued to be the dominant topic,
and had formed the subject of debate for several
days in the United States' Senate, where great nue-
Dimity of feeling was evinced, and strong language
was indulged in by several members. The considera-
tion of the report of the committee on the subject
was still pending.
At the latest date by way of Boston we hear thM
on the lit inst., in the Senate, Mr. Mason, front the
committee on foreign affairs, reported a bill autho-
rising the executive to employ force to protect the
rights of citizens from outrage by foreign nations,
having especial reference to Central and South
America. This is the bill recently introdaeed
by Mr. Douglas, but slightly altered. Messrs.
Mason, Govin, and Houston argued for the impor-
tance of immediate action, so as to obtain the con-
currence of the House of Representatives before the
adjournment Mr. Seward expressed strong disap-
probation of the measure : he was unwilling to in-
volve the country in a war with all the nations of

America south of the United StateL Mr. Slidell

introduced an amendment,authorising the President
in certain eases to suspend the Neutrality Laws.
The subject was then dropped.
The Now York Herald says of the visit of British
officers to American waists :—" The instances now
on record of this sort of interference with our com-
merce amount to thirty-two. It is rare that a vessel
arrives from the West Indies without reporting acts
of insult and aggression committed by the British
squadron. It is stated that Lord Napierhas de-
spatched a messenger to the British admiral com-
manding on the West India station, informing him
of the feeling that axis's there with regard to the
conduct of the British cruisers, and the measures
that have been taken by our government. The de-
spatches sent to the admiral are not, as has been
stated, in the nature of instructions, but simply sug-
gestions for his guidance until the decision of the
British government can be heard. The admiral was
at Bermuda on the 18th ult. with his flag-ship, the
Indus, and the steamer Devastation. At the last
accounts no time had been fixed for his departure."
The joint resolutions authorising the President to
take such measures against Paraguay as the refusal
of that republic to make reparation for firing into
the United States steamer Waterwitch may demand,
passed the House, as it was received from the Senate,
by a vote of 115 to 79. Th:s is virtually a declaration
of war against Paraguay.
The steamer Philadelphia, which arrived at
New Orleans on the 29th May from Havannah,
announced that the continued outrages of British
cruisers had caused such intense excitement, that
the Captain-General Concha had despatched a war
fleet to interpose between British guns and the
violation of sovereignty in Spanish waters.
The Committee of Foreign Affairs in the House of
Representatives had presented a report, accompanied
by a resolution suggesting that the President should
obtain redress on account of the conduct of the French
government relative to the American barque
Adriatic. The report also recommends a revision of
the laws in reference to collisions at sea, and an
arrangement by which the damages may be deter-
mined in such cases.
The steam frigate Wabagh sailed from New York
on the Ist for Jamaica.
A Washington telegram of the Ist says : "Lord
Napier has desired his despatches to Admiral
Stewart, sent from Washington yesterday, to be for
from Halifax by special steamer to Ber-
muda. He has advised the admiral to order a dis-
continuance of the visitation of American vessels
pending instruction from her Majesty's govern-
ment"

A dispatch from Monmouth, Illinois, says "
torrible tornado passed over the village of Ellison,
12 miles south of here, last night. Every house in
the place wu blown down, and 16 persons killed
and several fatally injured. The village contains
600 inhabitants, and report says none of them
souped injury ; but it is impossible to procure parti-
culars. The excitement in the vicinity is intense."
More difficulties in Hansa/ are reported, and it
was supposed the Militia would have to be called
out to restore order in some localities.

California mails of the date of May 6, and about
a million and three-quarters of dollars in gold, have
reached New York. The California news is unimpor
taut. The Legislature had passed a law, prohibiting
the immigration of Chinese and Mongolians into
the mates after October 1. The San Francisxo mar-
kets quiet and unchanged.
Advicee from Havannah report an active demand
for sugars, and an advanoe of to nal in pries.
THE LATEST TELEGRAM VIA HALIFAX.
NEW YORK, lows 3.

We have received dates from Utah to the 6th of
May. The Mormons had expelled Governor Cum-
ming, the regularly appointed executive officer of
the territory, from their settlement, and had deter-
mined to resist the troops sent against them to the
last.

NEW ORLEANS, Juic3 8

A Vigilance Committee, similar to that which ex-
Nted recently in San Francisco, was organised in
this City yesterday. The members of the committee
have seized the arsenal, and volunteers are crowding
in in large numbers. The Mayor has ordered out
the militia, and a battle is expected. The cause of
the organisation is the daring robberies and murders
which have been perpetrated during the but year or
two.

LATEST COMMERCIAL INTELLIGENCE.
NEW YOWL, Joe' A.
The sales of cotton her for the past three days
amount to 3,600 bales at unchanged prices.
Floor is firm, and wheat is buoyant at an advance
of two cents per bushel.
Corn also has advanced two cents.

Provisions generally are steady.—
The stock market is buoyant, and all descriptions
have slightly advanced.
Messrs. Neill, Brothers, and Co., report, under
this day's date, that all the southern cotton markets
are quiet at unchanged prices. Their quotation for
even running middling in this market is 12 cents.

NBW ORLEANS, JOme2:
The sales of cotton for the past two days amount
to 7,600 bales at unchanged priors.
The follow:ng con.macial intelligence is tele-
graphed via Baton :
NEW YORK, Jong 1.
Steaks firm, and generally higher. Closing prices—
Erie shares, :181; ditto, Second Mortgage Bond,
92 ; New York Central, 83f ; Erie Central Bonds,
8e; Virginia ;giros, 92f. Money in good demand
at 3la if pit mot. for call limas. Sterling exchange
dull and heavy, elating at 1091 to 1094. Ashes
steady. Cbtton heavy end rather lower. Bread-
stuf6 Era. Beef steady. Pork asssttled aad
lower. bird unchanged. Sugar active and Arum.
Coffee quiet. Spirits of turpentine steady, 460.
Tobacco dull. Freights drooping.

INDIA.

The following telegram; received at the East
India House, from Malta, on Saturday, June 12,
contains the latest and fullest intelligence from India.
It reached Malta with the Bombay mail:

OUDE.

ALLAELABAD, MAT 10.-13inoe my last message
there has been no event of importance in Oude.
There have been no disturbances, and a great portion
of the province appear to be settling down. The
Goorkhas have reached Fyzabad, end on the Bth
half of them had crowed the Germ They have met
with no opposition on their way.