The Express.
London, England, 1859-07-25 00:00:00

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LONDON. MONDAY, JULY 26.

THE parties= of Austria resist the notion of any
European Coarsen es Italian affairs: naturally
enough, for they know it is impossible that Europe
could Gwent to worse terms for the partly eman-
cipated victims of her tyranny than those said to
have been agreed oo at Villafranc► In point of fact
nothing definite and insusceptible of modification
was agreed on at the interview between the two
FM 1' t.ROILS, except the cession of Lombardy to
Piedmont. But the Cabinet of Vienna chooses to
means that many other things then and there die-
mowed, may be taken for granted in the sense it
likes; and it prefers taking the chance of
wrangling them out, in part or whole,
with the Cabinet of the Tuileries, to sub-
mitting its pretensions to the calm and impartial
arbitrament of Europe. AN regards the ott•de-
mended reforms in the Papal States, for example, it
discerns clearly the difference between having to
deal solely with a Government like that of Catholic
France, and with those of non-Catholic Russia,
Prussia, and Great Britain ; and, apart from all
specific items of a settlement, it calculates shrewdly
that if the ether great Powers should be induced abso-
lutely to decline entering into a conference upon any
regardless of the earnest instances of NAPO.
LION 111., that potentate may not be found in a
mood impracticably hard to deal with. Having just
let off the steam of a crusade far the liberation of
Italy he cannot easily or immediately get it up
again. If nothing practical and positive be dose
speedily to confirm the new governments recently
established, and to secure the recognition of their
authority, the malign hope is cherished that disorders
may be incited, affording the desired pretence for
joint or separate intervention, colourably to main-
tain tranquillity alone, but really to repeat ass re-
actionary proceedings of 1848 and 1849. In one
way or other, it is felt that Austria has the deepest
interest in excluding the disinterested Powers from
givieg an opinion or enforcing a judicial sentence as
to the past, the present, or the future el Italy ; and
therefore no means are at the present moment
spared to persuade or riles those states into sum-
marily refusing to co-operate in the work of peace.
The Ruler of France, on the other hand, has con-
fessedly much to gain by the assembling of a General
Congress. He disdain, to conceal hie disappoint-
ment at the manner in which his offhand attempt to
settle matters with his Imperial brother over a break-
feat table in small country town, has been received.

Them M ametais salute in the pstaleaes with which
ha aye Nth' Ita►ians " I did my best for you by
arms, bet these confounded neighbours of mine
■ weeded ma m that I was forced to give over before
* my Via MS half done;" and there is a certain dash
of
bins= is the audible expostulation he &d-
-amns to es "Well, if you do not approve of
"my rest\ draft of a remodelled Peninsula,
" say what yea would have done, and let us all sit
" round a green table with diplomatic pens is basil
" and settle it somehow." All this is upon the ewe-
face reasonable enough, and perfectly consistent
with the usages of good-fellowship between nations.
As opposed to this nothing reads more wayward and
=statesmanlike than the random proposition of Loed
Et tits to tie the hands of the Executive Gems-
swot before it brows precisely what it is milled ea
to acceptor decline, by a loud-seundiog rustatim of
the Now of Commons that it would be aabesembe
the dignity of the country to listen to any overtures
for soy purpose, from any quarter whatsoever, at
the present time. The dignity of the country ass
only be maintEned by the free exercise of its
highest wisdom, not by indulging in the poli-
tical poetise of blind mans buff. Ttw dignity of a
greet ceastry maithee ands it nacesea►y to walk
epos stilts is order to keep its fret oat of the min,
ace to lock itself isp in a dark room lest the wistfal
eyes of some wily sidecar should overpower it by
their rue: National dignity is indeed ineffably
dear to every true son of the soil ; bet it is to be
guarded by great moral laws sad discriminating
political priemplee, capable of applisatios and
adapted= areordiog to the ever varying ea-
eutustasoss of the time,—not by being eo.
acme= behind a formal wooden tenor, set
candidly over with the crooked nails of
tactics. We are ready to affirm the right or power
of Parliament on great occasions to pronounce a de-
claratory and even a directory opinion respecting
the general policy which the Administretios should
pursue ; but we contend that in all eases of the kind,
Parliameat ought to be very sure that it has before
it the whole of the facts and circumstances regarding
which it would divest the Pluviales of its ordinary
discretion, and consequently of its proper responsibi-
lity. A more perilous thing the Legislature cannot
do than this. Better far declare at once
that it distrusts the men composing the
Executive, and that it will set up others in
their stead before it separates for the autumn,
than rashly come to a resolution which, whatever
may tide daring the next three months, would have
the effect of paralysing its action, no matter how
salutary that ►ction might be.
Do we thin necessarily come to the conclusion
that a Cooper is desirable, and that England ought
at oats to consent to become a party thereto Far
otherwise; our preposterions we will freely own
an all the other way. We have pointed out the
danger that would attend our participation in ncgo-
tiatioss upon such bases ca were at first reported
from Vienna. Tee recollections of the part are to
as tall of warnings against being drawn into nego-
tiations, the cad of which no man can pretend to
feresee, while the thasklseseess of all we can hope
at beet to amemplisk is that which every well-read
and ermad-thinking man must be convinced of. Orr-
wady =lmo the beets offered be such as to give
substantial ironed far believing that we can attain
restive securities for Italian freedom which other-
wise is set likely to be secured, we should deeply
deplore oar being drawn into the matter. Two
things seem toes indispensable es ingredients in the
preliminaries of a Congress—the oat, that its funda-
mental object should be declared to be the securing
for the inhabitants of the Peninsula reformed