The Express.
London, England, 1860-10-02 00:00:00

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LONDON, TUESDAY, OCT. 2.

Ws have received a letter from the Rev.
A Lex. J. D. D'Osser, Missionary Chaplain to the
Bishop of Greattras, complaining of the religious
disabilities of English Protestants in Spain. The
writer states that many thousands of our country-
men engaged in mercantile pursuits reside per-
manently in the chief towns of the Peninsula,
while an equal numher of tourists and travellers
visit them for a longer or shorter period during
the summer months. There is, however, no
English church in any of these towns, nor any
means of regular Protestant worship—the appoint-
ment of • chaplain to the English Embassy at
Madrid, even, being quite • recent and excep-
tional event. This deprivation of religious ordi-
nances is due, in part at least, to the intolerance of
the Spanish Governinent, which allows no form of
public worship except that of the Romish Church.
A royal decree issued about eight years ago
declares that no foreigner shall be able to
profess in Spain any other religion than the
Catholic Apostolic faith, and later Government
manifestoes have expressly prohibited the assem-
bling of Protestants for public worship or the
public observance of any of the rites and cere-
monies of their Church. The Bishop's chaplain
protests against this intolerance, and prays the in-
terference of the British Government to secure for
the English Protestants in Spain the same reli-
gious freedom they enjoy in France and elsewhere
on the Continent.

We need scarcely express our hearty sympathy
with this prayer. The existence at this time of
day of such religious tyranny is surprising any-
where, even under the most bigoted and retro-
grade Government in Europe. It is well, how-
ever, to remember that the spirit it represents is
by no means extinct in more enlightened and
liberal communities. Without going to Catholic
Spain we may find examples of precisely the
✓une intolerance nearer home. A letter,
extracted in our columns this morning from
the Welsh journals, shows that the spirit of
persecution lives and manifests itself amongst
Protestants, or reputed Protestants, as well as
amongst Romanist'. This letter is written by Miss
MARY Moatce—a lady possessing considerable
landed property in Carmarthenshire--to her
tenantry. Many of her tenants, it appears, are
dissenters, and the letter offers them the simple
alternative of abandoning their principles or leav-
ing their farms. Miss Moeum says :—" As 1
" firmly believe the principles of oar Church which
" I have embraced to he in strict accordance with
" the word of COIN I therefore take great interest
" in the Church situated in the parish of Lland-
" daniel, and feel it a duty incumbent upon
"we to do all I can fur its @nooses. Having
" been placed by Divine Providence here as
" a landowner, I feel the responsibility of
"my situation, and have come to the (-man-
" sion of making such use of the property entrusted
„to my care as I deem consistent with the
religion of our blessed Saviour, by conecien-
" tamely choosing those persons to be my tenants
" who can and will support our Church from prin-
" ciple and conscience. Deeply impressed with
" these considerations, I feel myself morally bound
" to set before you two alternatives, and you are
" at liberty to choose for yourself—namely, either
"to attend our church services with your family,
" and thus to support its principles, or otherwise,
" if your consciences will not allow you to comply
" with my request, you must quit the farm which
" you hold of me ; because my conscience also
" forbids me to allow you to make use of the ad-
" vantages which you derive from your connexion
" with my property as a tenant to the support of
" those principles which are at variance and hoe-
" tile to those of your landlady."
This remarkable letter is accompanied by an-
other, written, if we judge from the signature, by
a clergyman, and from the internal evidence of
style we should say by the lady's clerical adviser
and amanuensis. " Ctouctis," the writer, under-
takts to defend Miss Moaum's letter from the
charge of intolerance freely brought against it by
the local journals. He " defies any man to prove
" to the public that any portion of this letter con-
" tains anything even approaching to persecution
" and compulsion. It is quite the reverse in its
" principles, in its tendency, in its spirit, and the
" whole tenor of it." "The very fact," he adds, "of
" her giving them the choice is at once a proof
" that she is not at all desirous of compelling or
" forcing them to become church people contrary
" to their own wishes or inclinations." Having de-
fended the step in this style, be premeds to urge all
landed proprietor belongingto thec.hurch to imitate
the example. "If they have any regard for
" truth," " Craters " saya, "if they have any
" love for the Church, if they have any desire to
"be consistent with themselves as Churchmen,
"and if they have any feeling at all of their social
" obligations and great responsibility to Gob as
" landholders, let them come out boldly and truly
"to defend their own Church, and promote its
" welfare in the world, by following Miss Moates's
" example, whose conduct in this affair is most
" worthy of imitation."
Such a case is too remarkable in its special

features not to

bourbood and

have naturally ,
persecution, while

looked upos the
exoeptiouel, and
serious notice.

If it were an isolated fact, _ __Trice,
while still demanding strong local criticism and
exposure, it would not be equally worthy of
general attention. But while extreme in form,
the case is, we believe, by n 3 means so very ex-
ceptional in spirit and tendency. It is only the
style of this peculiar manifestation that is so rare.
Few ladies who had been advised to take such a
step would have been allowed to expose themselves
and their cause by such an inconceivably weak,
contradictory, and ungrammatical effusion. And
it is probably , only in the Principality that a
clergyman could be found to express with such
total unconsciousness, such touching incoherence,
the extremest form of intolerant opinion. But
though few of his order would approve the form
of this justification, how many are there who at
heart sympathise with its spirit! If few English
priests would confound persuasion and force in
life same sentence, not a few, as every
day's experience shows, are quite willing,
when occasion offers, to employ the latter for
religious purposes. Only the disposition is mani-
fested in some of the more usual and safer
forms of levying a rate illegally, forcing unwar-
rantable conditions into school-deeds, and straining
to the uttermost every real or supposed legal power
spinet those who differ from them in religious
Iginions. In all these cases it is essentially the
some permuting spirit at work that speaks with-
al* disguise in Miss Moanif's simple letter. The
esunes of all persecution is the employment of
force instead of persuasion or conviction to advance
the interests of a religious sect or church. The
only legitimate appeal in religions questions is to
the moral and spiritual nature of man, to his rea-
son, his conscience, his affections. But the
persecutor, repudiating the means religion
sanctions, employs those it expressly repudiates.
Accepting the doctrine that the end justifies
any means, he chooses the very worst—those
which h►ve no moral element at all. Instead of
seeking to move the mind, he attacks at once his
opponent's body and estate. Dissenters in this
country can no longer be visited with bodily pains
and penalties, but they may still suffer in
their outward circumstances for their religious
belief. This is the vulnerable point which Miss
Moaice has attacked, and, which her clerical
champion urges as the starting-point of a new
crusade. Mies Moues, as a landholder, has a cer
taro power over her dissenting tenants. They de-
rive, as she suggests, certain advantages from
their connexion with her property. She can de-
prive them of those advantages, and this is the
extent of her power over them. This power
she employs to the uttermost against
them on conscientious grounds. Were her
power ever so much greater she would, of course,
feel equally bound to exercise it the same way. Had
she authority over her tenants lives as well as
their estates she would feel " morally " constrained
to set the two alternatives before them, either to
"attend our Church Services, and thus support
" its principles," or quit the scene, leaving them, as
now, at perfect liberty to choose between them.
But Miss Mows has no perception whatever of
the true nature and meaning of the principle she
adopts. Were it possible to offer any suggestion
to a lady who writes and acts as she does, we
might remind her that just in proportion to the
depth and sincerity of her own convictions, if they
are truly conscientious, would be her practical
respect for the convictions of others. But, instead
of this, she makes no effort to convince whatever.
She holds out a threat of temporal loss, and
imagines that if this threat converts her conscien-
tious tenants into hypocrites, the cause and princi-
ples of the Church will be advanced.
Perhaps it is as well that these two illustrations
of intolerance should turn up together. Because
in judging of the conduct which Miss Mow has
been advised to pursue, we are apt, even whim
unhesitatingly disapproving it as improper, to
allow our censure to be mitigated by
false sentiment of respect for its motives.
The Spanish Government, however, our indignation
against which we can scarce restrain. may plead
just as gond motives as this intolerant church.
woman. Like her, it does not seek to convert
our countrymen ; it only discharges a " con-
" scientious duty " when it declares that neither its
soil, its laws, nor anything which it can control,
shall protect a religion which it believes to be
false. It will probably be a long time before the
Spanish Government perceives that its first duty
in matters of religion is to respect the awful
responsibility of every individual man to Gon.
But even then there will probably linger among
us persons who have not learnt what is also their
duty in all the relations of life.

.....pitulation ot Ancona are
not yet known at Turin.
The Sardinians found 140 cannons and 700,000
franca in the fortreia.

Letters from Naples to the 27th ult. state that
the new ministry formed by Garibaldi comprises
Signori Bianco, Goira, and Ferrioni.
The deputation from Sicily has arrived at Turin.
PAUL% MONDAY EiININO.
The Pattie announces that further armaments
have been ordered at the Austrian ports in the
Adriatic.

The same paper says :—" It is said that the King
of Sardinia, after having visited Ancona, will pro-
ceed towards the Neapolitan frontier."
The Pays publishes the same news, and adds :
" It is also said that the Sardinian divisions are
about to enter the kingdom of Naples."
The Military Gazette of Turin, which is semi-
official, has the following :
"We are assured that, to put an end to all
difficulties, the King will present himself at Naples
and make his entranoe there iu a few days. An
additional regiment has been sent in that direction,
and other troops will precede the King to the
capital of the Twu Sicilies.
" M. Farini, the Minister of the Interior, accom-
panies the King. M. Cassenis, Keeper of the Seals,
acts for hint ad interim."

PROGRESS OF THE SARDINIAN ARMY.
ROME, Barr. ZS, Eecsiso (rid liarseilles).
A secret consistory of cardinals was held to-day.
The Pope delivered an allocution, concerning
which nothing is yet known. A long conference
between Cardinal Antouelli and the French ambas-
sador took place to-day.
The only provinces still under the Papal govern-
ment are Civita Vecchia, Frosinone, and Velletri.
It is said that the papal government has given
up the idea of defending the two latter against the
Sardinians, should they pass through thew to pro-
ceed to Naples. The head-quarters of the Sardinian
army will be at Aquila, the officers of the commis-
sariat having already arrived there.

THE GARD3ALDIAN LOWER.
MAMEILLEB
The Jonrnal of Naples, received here, state , Ocr. s
that
out of 900 Garibaldians who defended Nano, 100
only escaped swimming across the river. The
citadel of Messina re-opened fire upon the city on
the 24th alt., in order, it was said, to secure the
supply of provisions.

Deferred, 314.

EXPRESS FROM PARIS..

(now OUR OWN

PARIS, MoNDAY EVTNING.

The foreign news of to-day is insignificant. The
government journals are instructed to deny the
truth of the reported conversation at St. Peters-
burg between Prinoe Gortchakoff and the Duke
de MontebeSo published a few days since in the
English journals. They also say that in spite of
contradictions the Warsaw meeting will certainly
take, place in the course of October. Staff officers
have been sent from Rome toVelletri,Viterbo,Civita
Vecchia, Orvieto, and other places in the patri-
mony of St. Peter, to prepare for the occupation
of them by French troops.
The Loudon correspondent of the Prase writes
that, notwithstanding Lord John Russell's despatch
to Sir J. Hudson, the English cabinet has in no
respect modified its Italian policy, and that the
only fear of the English foreign minister was lest
the results already acquired for Italy should be
compromised by a premature attack upon Venice.
The Siacle, in noticing the explanation of the
Mmiikur touching the reinforcement of the gar-
rison of Rome, makes a remark which occurred to
me some time ago about the extraordinary silence
of the government organ respecting the exploits of
Garibaldi. It says :
The Moniker doss not in general favour us with many
allusions to the affairs of Italy ; and we may remark that
we cannot advise persons who may wish to study the his-
tory of the events now passing in that country to recur
solely to the pages of the official journal. They would be
astonished to find no tree there of the grand Garibaldisa
legend, which will nevertheless be famous for egos, and will
require all Nets of documents to be believed and explained.

The same journal also takes notice of the obscurity
of the statement that General de Goyon's untrue-
Cons " authorise him to extend his action as far as
he may be allowed by the military conditions to
which he is naturally subordinate." That defini-
tion of General de Goyon's commission is in point
of fact wholly unintelligible, as it was no doubt
intended to be.

At the Bourse the Rents, after improving about
15c., retrograded, and closed within a shade of
Saturday's prices. Mobilier roes 6fr. 75c. Rail-
ways were decidedly better, and rose from 2fr. 50c.
to Mr. There was no political news stirring of a
nature to cause excitement.

The importance of the electoral affair of Mar-
seilles, which I have dwelt upon in more than one
recent letter. is illustrated by the decree in the
Moniteur, which pitchforks M. Beeson, the prefect
of the Bouchee du Rhone, into the Council of State,
and appoints in his place the celebrated M. de
Maupas, of coup d'etat notoriety. The qualities
which recommended this gentleman for the prefec-
ture of police at Paris in December, 1851, are no
doubt esteemed a sufficient guarantee that under
his administration universal suffrage will continue

to work at Marseilles as it was always intended to
do there, as in other parts of the empire, and that
no such scandal as the setting aside an election for
fraud by the council of the prefecture will occur
again.

ITALY.

(nom oul

NAPLES.

ifT WITH 0•11:11ALDI II AMR.)
umrs HEADQUARTERS,
CASERTA, Harr. 25.

I have but time to write a very short letter, for
we have just received orders to have our horses
bridled and saddled. A movement made by the
Neapolitans during the night on the direction of
our extreme right at Piedimonte has determined
Garibaldi to ride in that direction and judge mat-
ten by his own eyes. The Bavarian brigade, which
seems to have the intention of attacking our soldiers
in that quarter, left Cajal= on the morning of
yesterday, and took the road of Amorosi, where it
arrived at noon. Orders were soon sent to Brigadier
Eberhold to hasten to Piedimonte in order that the
two battalions which were left there might not meet
the name fate which awaited Major Cattabene at
Cajarro. This last named town—which, by the
by, was burned down by the Neapolitans—has not
beeu retaken by our forces, as was believed when I
wrote my lest letter. I have, however, the satisfac-
tion of informing you that Major Cattabene,
who is lying wounded at the hospital of Caput, is
very humanely treated by the Neapolitans, as are
these of our wounded, who, not having been re-
moved from the field of battle, fell into the hands
of the enemy. What is certain is that two oom-
panies of Adolescenti were almost completely de-
stroyed on that day. Those unhappy chil-
dren, for the oldest of them bad scarcely
attained the age of fifteen, fought like
lions for five hours. Captain Camunosli, who
commanded them, told a friend of mine that he had
lost a large number of them, when, seeing that the
ammunition was nearly exhausted, he gave the
ceder of retreat. The boys were consequently
ordered to form their ranks and march in the rear,
when a battery the Neapolitans had conceded in
a hollow of the mountain opened fire upon then, at
200 yards. Grape and shot were mercilessly
poured amongst the already thinned column of
those unhappy children, and only 15 of them were
left to tell tee mad tale. Garibaldi on hearing the ,
heartrending tidings of the premature end of these'
boys was so grieved that his face showed the traces '
of a deep and uncontrollable emotion.
As I told you before, all leads me to believe that
we are going to be stacked in a few hours. It may
however happen, as we fear, that the Piedmontese
have already crossedi the Neapolitan frontier and
should this news have reached Cap= and Gaeta it
may teach prudence to the enemy. King Francis H.
is still at the head of an army of 30,000 men, and
ham got an excellent artillery but if taken be-
tween Garibaldi and Cialdini, Who is coining by the
road of Aquila, his army may find itself in a very
dangerous position indeed. However, whatever
may be the decision of his Majesty, we are quite
ready to meet his hired soldiers if they choose to
attack us. As for Garibaldi beginning any serious
operation against Capna, it would be difficult in
our present circumstances. We have plenty of
mortars and heavy guns to bombard it, but good
and experienced gunners are wanting. A battery
of six 48-pounders has been placed by Garibaldi on
the top of St. Angelo's hill, and it is, I think,
intended to protect the crossing of the Volturno,
which is in the general's intention, in order to cut
the communication between the besieged Carona
and Gaeta. If Garibaldi succeed in his attempt,
he may threaten the left wing of the royal army
whilst the Piedmontese are coming.
Yesterday the ministers tendered their resigna-
tions in a body. The names of the new comers are
not as yet known. The cause of this sudden deter-
mination is a manifestation made against them by
the republican party. They were, 1 hear, accused
of being too subservient to the Piedmontese inte-
rests, and to receive their inspirations from Count
Cavour. True or not, the sudden retire-
ment of men who are well known as
being practical and liberal statesmen has produced •
bad impression at Naples. People are inclined to
believe that %mini is at the bottom of this
political imbroglio, for the high office of iprodictator
lass been offered to one of his friends, Signor Ca-
tena°, of Milan. Whatever may be, however, the
Wawa; which are at work here, I have an un-

.2 \

L,29
\41111111115.,
limited faith in altli. He may runbult the
republieank ands act under their advice, but
his political creek_ " unity of Italy under the
sceptre of Victor Emmanuel," is unchangeable.
No fear, therefeete, whoever may be the men who
are in office. Garibaldi is the very soul of this
movement. All petty jealousies or ambitions will
soon vanish, and he will present the crown of the
Two Siciliee to his friend the future King of Italy.

A letter from Turin of the 28th ult., in the
Dibata, says :
During the absence of the King, the Prince de Carignan
will, it is stated, have the siguation of decrees, a fact which
proves that the journey of his Majesty will last fur some
time. The reel object of it is to take possession of the
kingdom of Naples, and supersede Garibaldi. When
Victor Emmanuel shall have reached the Neapolitan
frontier, deputations of the people will come and
claim his support nod demand immediate anner.a•
Usu. All Um will be effected with as much

spootancomneas as regularity. If Garibaldi continue* to
meet with further checks, his popularity will be much
weakened, and Francis Ti. will have porfoi mod the most
difficult part of the work of Victor Emmanuel If, on the
other band, he be conqueror, the King of Naples will
vanish from the stage. In any are, it will be impossible
for the Dictator to resist the personal ascendancy of King
Victor Emmanuel, aud to refuse to follow the 'orders of
him in whose name he acts.

. ~
MX EXPRESS. TUESDAY . ' -is • NG, OCTOBE
• . .
...., . .
attract attention • . in the ne ' ES r:7 INTEL4I •10. S lipain kin the th ult., and will Mann to Dies.
at a distangA "•11te look OStilta •. . • by the Maisq ~, expected from Riton the Wth,
, • :.. Sxchan. , . this packet—On Londoxis 541
enough raised the cry of Seligman
pile hasty Milts at a distanee, Imo KUM VICTOif tint; ANUElial JO I . r. Pariai, i a Amsterdam, 44 ; Limburg, 45
Timm ;, AT CksnobilB ; Lisbon Bank, M 4 &ken ; °porter
is whole proceeding as so extreme, King Victor Emmanuel will I' • • Commercial Bank, 260 milreis; Oporto Mercantile,
pass tle night at
id absurd, as scarcely to deserve Forli, and will leave to-morrow for Ravenna, where 25P milrein ; Rentea, Three per Cents., 4711 l
We cannot regard it in this light. his Majesty will embark for Ancona. Coupona, 461 ; Deferred, 36i•
olated fact, a mere individual caprice, The conditions of the capitulation of Anoona are -...—....