The Express.
London, England, 1867-09-11 00:00:00

GEOGRAPHY AND ETHNOLOGY.

illf. contributed 17plipe----110-CoMbst the
notion that indolence was a prominent feature in the
character of the negro race. With incentives and ends to
industry equal to those enjoyed by the white man, the
black would not be found behind him in the race.
Dr. Hoar entirely opposed this theory. In bls view
the nape wen intellectually and morally inferior to the
white man.
.Tonagmeet the view set oat in the I,pqr zest Kr.
Simms, a gentleman who huts:Added some amain Jamaica,
gave several lameness of the aptitude of the negro to
receive instrnetion. _ .

24.foUCTIIDilFITDT, a French traveller, gave • pleas-
ing account of the exploration of the Isthmus of Darien
for • ship canal. He believed the route suggested by
Humboldt, between the Gulf of Darien and Capiao Bay,
was practicable.
From this view Sir B. MURCHISON dissented. The
lowest height of watershed was 140 ft.
Mr. GRAHAN Caawroen, in a long paper, endeavoured
to establish the plurality of races of man. He founded his
argument upon the diversities of colour, civilisation, &a
Mr. Wara.acc, on the other band, argued strongly for
the unity of mankind. The dispersion of the race from
that portion of the world where it was originally created
easily accounted for the diversities exhibited on the Dar-
winian theory. They were not greater in the members of
the human family than amongst animals. Pigeons, for
instance, although possessing great variety, were known to
have come from one stock.
A paper was read "On the Perseberg Iron Mines,
Sweden," by Mr. C. Le Neva FOSTER, 8.A., D.Sc.,
F.G.S. The paper described some large deposits of msg.
netie iron ore near Philipstad, in Sweden. The ore aware
in thick beds in hallellinta, a compact gneiss. It it always
accompanied by angite, epidote, hornblende, and garnet.
Mr. Le Neve Fester compared the deposit with a similar
' one at the Crown's Rock, Batelle.* Mine, near St. Just
Cornwall, where magnetite occurs under similar con-
' dale=;
sca accolempanied by the same minerals, only on a much
I smile.

ECONOMIC SCIENCE AND STATISTICS.
Probosor Nooses in this section add/eased himself to
the consideration of the important question of the funds
available for developing the machinery of education. He
assumed that the state bad the right to divert the funds
of charities that had become mischievous to educational
charities which should encourage diligence, capacity, and
inteenee, without any regard to elan, and thee provide
• road for those in the lowest condition of life to the
highest kind of education. The grammar schools of the
he severely censured.
linellietcrit. read a paper on "Courts of Arbitration and
Conciliation in the Hosiery Manufacture vi the Midland
Counties." He observed that these courts had been in
operation for six years, and had given great satisfaction to
masters and workmen.
Mr. Samoa said all the differences between capital and
labour resulted from ignorance of political economy. He
had discovered that the masters were sadly ignorant of
it as well as the men. The only defect he maw in the
courts of arbitration was the absence of binding effect.
Mr. HZTIIAN was strongly in favour of forming in ether
towns such boards as that at Nottingham.
Mr. Barons described the copartnership principle as
applied at the Whitwood Colliery.
Professor Nooses warmly supported Mr. Senior's sug-
gestion, to teach political economy in the schools.