The Express.
London, England, 1856-05-27 00:00:00

LONDON, TUESDAY, MAY 27.

Tex way to understand the condition and pro-
spects of the United States is to note well what hap-
pens within the Union. The world in general fixes
its attention on the most prominent acts, and espe-
cially on the foreign relations of any empire which
may be at the time an object of solicitude to its con-
temporaries. Trusting to this general tendency, and
oleo to the apeciel ignorance of the European world
about the home polities of America, the present raters
of the United States have contrived plenty of excite-
ment and amusement for all who are contented with •
superficial knowledge of American affairs. R-cent
events have abundantly confirmed our view, constant
from the beginning, that the disputes with England
which seemed to threaten war were a resource from
political dangers at home. We never believed in the
probability of war, for reasons which we have re-
peatedly assigned, and because it was plain through-
out that Ste Southern States did not desire war, and
the Northern did not expect it. The difficulty with
England having been protracted to the utmost, other
imposing movements are exhibited, by which the
slaking PRESIDENT and his Cabinet evidently hope
to occupy the attention of the world during the
months which remain to them. They have half a
year's suspense before them, before the Presidential
election passes sentence on them and on their policy;
and the more ostentatiously they parade their foreign
affairs during that interval the more sure we may be
that close attention to their federal policy will be re-
compensed by some remarkable new knowledge. It
may be vary interesting to us that the affair of the
Sound Dues is kept unsettled in a formidable way by
the Americans ; that they have made a treaty with
the FRAU by which they are entitled to keep a
squadron of their ships in the Persists Gulf hence-
forth; that they are in difficulties with the Japanese;
and that their native adventurers are pushing the
same enterprise in Central America which answered in
Texas and Mexico, with a similar defiance of justice,
mercy, common honesty, and decent manners. It
may he interesting to us to speculate on what the
Government is really doing in regard to Wueuta's
enterprise, and on what the destinies of Central
America will turn out to be. Bat the best light that
can be cast on even these external events mast be
derived from the interior; and the shortest way to
ascertain what the Americans are doing and may ex-
pect in the Chinese and Persian Seas sad in the
Bal.in is to observe the relations of New England
and the Carolinas to each other, and of both to
Xingu. As the entire policy of the Amnion Go-
vernment has been instigated, directed, and ame
trolled by the existence of a hopeless anomaly in her
constitution—Slavery in a democratic republio—the
true key' to the interpretation of her policy is an un-
derstanding of the condition of the Slavery question
within 'be Union. Our readers need not be reminded
that Americans of all States and all parties have re-
cently avowed that the Kansas question has beaus
the test of the Union, and will decide its character
and policy, if it survives the existing crisis.
Scarcely a day now passes without the occonenes of
some handout which reminds good patriots of the old
revolutionary days, and of what it was then, as now,
to read the signs of the times. There are probably
few earnest thinkers in the States who are not aware
that the present time is as truly revolutionary em the
years when FRANKLIN flourished. Not a hw are
even saying so ; and one member of the Senate has
fixed all eyes upon the fact by offering an impeach-
ment of the PRESIDENT as solemn and out-spoken as
that of the American colonies against GEORGE lIL It
is certain that there is sound warrant far this pol-
ka in the facts of the case. President Pince has
acted towards the settlers jest as GEORGE W.. acted
tower& the colonists in his remote provisoes. In-
fusing to let them speak in Parliament, be was
arraigned in a st.tement of grievances which will last
as long as our language; and now President Ptretcx is
arraigned in Congress in clesely analogons language for
the same kind of misgovernment shown in acts
which singularly correspond with those of our stiff
necked old KING. Turning from Washington to
Buses, we see the likeness of the two cues still pre-
served. The PRESIDENT sends arms to the 00,41110 f
whom be has put over the head of the one chosen by
the residents, while no efforts are spared to prevent
tie Free State citizens from being armed. Every
boat on the river and every waggon is liable to
search for boxes which may contain arms. The
PRESIDENT is connected with this order of triune-
floss by his upholding territorial authorities who are
oppressing the atlases intolerably. No justice can
be had in the courts, because no witnesses are allowed
ea behalf of Free State citizens; and the principal
citizens of that persuasion are arrested, day by day,
charged with offences which they are not allowed to
disprove, and hied in amounts which 'apply funds
for carrying on the struggle against them. Law-
rence was the stronghold of the citizens. Their
best abodes were there; and their own
chosen GollereCif. REEDFJ, had a hoses there
which oat 1,000 dollars. The place was rendered
capable of defence; and it was the seat of
popular councils. The Passennia's agents have sod-
denly discovered that Lansaw was befit on an
Indian reservation; and every homes has bean palled
down with extreme haste and violence. Leaven-
worth, a town inhabited chiefly by pro-slavery heal-
genets, and the headquarters of the border ruffians,
also stands on en Indian reservation; but there is no
talk of polling down anything there. As in the old
revolutionary case, there are shallow minds and faint
hearts among the men on the right side, and the
difficulties which such waverr are sure to oeossicn.
Some are for propitiating their oppressors by con-
temptuous treatment of the coloured rose—while
protesting against Kansas being made • Slave State.
We remember having seen an old London newspaper
of the last century in which there was merriment at
the expense of the silly impertinent colonists who
put their trust in a low journeyman printer of the
name of Fieeleue, and who had nobody toned them
in war but an obscure, slow-paced, ieeffeetive per-
son of the name of °tonne Weaning:on. The
American newspapers on the Government aide
are now saying worse things of the Free-
State men in Kansas, describing thus as pee-
pers and roseate, from Europe, and so teeth;
se that the venerable Professor Sua.ntam has exerted
himself—mat people think quite aeedissaly—to
diode, from his own personal knowledge of many of
thew, the settlers in Hanes se of the good aid New
England breed—hard-wokers, with clear beads,
stoat hearts, and correct habits. And thus does the
parallel between the pest and the present ease pro-
ceed through many particulars.

If we leek 'Lowboy, we tied not wily old Mum&

anisette maintaining her Personal Liberty Law.'
which pats her in direct collision with Unguent pre•
slavery legislation at Washington, but young Ohio
stepping forth to occupy the same &aggress emi-
nence. In the American newspapers may now be
seen paragraphs headed " Nullification in Ohio." The
legislature is of the people's mind—that such scenes
se have taken place lately at Cuicinaati, in the re-
capture of fugitive slaves, are not to be endured I
sad the Habeas Corpus Act has been treated as In
Massachusetts. The merchants of the commercial
ports, again, are organising an opposition to the Vir-
ginia law by which vessels ars searched, at the ex-
pense of the ewnere, for fugitive slaves. Noce of the
recent proolavery laws will work; and the motioned
which they have evoked affords a sure prophecy of
the issue.
More serious than any of these evident:re--more

gratifying—more touching to as of the Old World is
the change which is going on in the South. Strange
as it may sound in some ears, the fact is true that
the best thinkers of the Souther• States are the
truest appreciators of the genuine abolitionists of the
North. Evidence of this lies before us in a Southern
newspaper—the Charleston Mercury, of April 9tb,—
which contains a calm, solemn review of the pro-
gives of the abolition cause wherever it has been
earnestly embraced, for other than political objects.
It shows the success of antislavery principle and
effort everywhere else, and anticipates its victory
in the Carolinas themselves. As this is the view of
a few who are above party ioratuation, the many
are of course angry and contemptuous at what
seems to them • desertion of the cases: hence
schism in the citadel of slavery itself. Daring the
quarrel with us, the influence of the South was all
for peace, as we pointed out at the time. The un-
protected low coasts of the South, the perils of inva-
sion where slaves constituted half the population, and
the repugnance of the South to the annexation of
Canada, were ground enough for the peaceful disposi-
tion of the Slave States. To this is now added an
extreme astonishment at the development of the old
warlike spirit in the North—the spirit of resistance
to oppremion like that now attempted in Kansas. The
meeting in the church in Connecticut, where clergy-
men and university professors subscribed rifles and
money to send a corps of armed settlers to Kauai.
made • profound impression on the South; and a
singular scene was soon witnessed there—the con-
verse of that in which Professor ficunuat was eo
honourably conspicuous. In Alabama, an armed
company of ■ poor white " immigrants wen marched
to the Baptist church before sailing; and their com-
mander was presented with • handsome Bible. An
ansouseneent was made that money would be raided
to present each man with a Bible.• The sews
of this raised a laugh among some people
in New England, and appeared solemn enough
to others. Is New England, every man.
woman. and child has • Bible, while a rills it as
ex-
ceptioaal affair. In the South every man carries •
rifle, from boyhood onwards, and it appears t►et some
of them were without Bibles. Their commander de.
clued that in the strength of that book they would
meet the men armed with Sharp's rifles, and they
did act doubt of 'jenny. Neither do we doubt of
victory where men go oat in earnest, with their Bibles
buckled to their hearts, while their arms are ready in
their hands : bet then, the two, from the North and the
South, will find themselves on the same side. The
" poor whites" are apt, as we have before explained,
to join the free settlers, as soon as they see the case
with their own eyes. Their Bibles will be • help to
this ; and, looking at the whole aspect of the soup
troveray, six months before the Presidential election,
we cannot bat conclude that there is at present a
fairer prospect of the Onset Republic doing Its duty by
human liberties than at any time mince the death of
its first great Presidents. The world can hardly be
expected to believe this while the filibustering pro-
penalties of the Americans are so rampant as they
appear to be just now; but this filibustering has
sprung mainly from "the peculiar institution;" and
when slavery messes to be an attribute of the federal
government, we may hope that territorial aggres-
sion will cease to be the great national excitement
which • few unscrupulous adventurers would per-
suade the world that it is now.

THE CARLTON CLUB.

TO THI

BlN—The report given in the Alonsing Herold'
of the I.r:weedier of the Carlton Club on Saturday
last, m mauls me. is ineomplete and incorrect. I
made no apelqty, and threw out no ouch dame, ao was
attributed to me. The subsmatte cf what I said war, that
"Although my sooneaion with the newspaper press had
'lased nearly a lair sad a half ago, and was not likely to be
renamed, I did not shrink from the reammeibility. slam I
ameilsrod that I had ss good a right to writs fee my party
as other members of the club foaming them) mold ham to
write for theirs; the only or ehwf Manama being that,
whilst they wars mating, attalciag tbe luberal-mmervas

tin perry ia ?beanie they could Dot vesture to mow, I
bed always avowed ertielee, sad offered to be bareeeidly
reereueible for tbes."—l to., A. HAYWARD.
11, Rhig's Beeeh•welh, May 26.