The Express.
London, England, 1860-03-12 00:00:00

THE TWO BIOMES.

(non 0011 OWN

NAPLES, XLAcx 3.

Often as it has been my duty to describe the fol-
lies and the excesses which are perpetrated here,
never have I had to recount any so great as those
which have been just committed by this govern-
ment. At the beginning of the week it was reported
that an incendiary had attempted to set fire to a
part of Naplu, near the church of the Carmine, and
several arrests were made. It is believed, however,
that the attempt was au invention of the police. On
Wednesday afternoon, Giuseppe de Simone, an ad-
vocate of note, a literary man, and one who is widely
known for his devotion to the liberal cause, was
arrested as he was leaving his house. It will throw
light on the character of Neapolitan justice and of
the judicial bench if I state that, having gained
a cease in the Consults on Monday last,
he was about to visit and thank the
judges. It is the regular practice so to do, as it is
for the servants of the judges to call on the suc-
cessful advocate and demand their fee. On the same
evening De Filippis, another advocate, was arrested,
and on the following morning his brother Fran-
cesco. On Thursday morning all Naples was
astonished at seeing the Toledo and other great
thoroughfares of the city occupied by heavy patrols
of police and gendarmes. Cavalry were stationed
on the road to the Campo, cannon in the Largo del
Pigus, and double cartridges were distributed to
the soldiers, who were kept in barracks ready for
any emergency. At half-pest one o'clock in the day
the Grand Guard was reinforced by the addition of
100 infantry and 40 cavalry. The General of the
Pinza of Naples took up his post there, whilst the
Director of Police, Signor Ajassa, drove through the
public places of the city, as if anxious to represent
himself to be the preserver of public order. Later
in the day the police went through the Basso Porto
and the " Orefice," urging the people to shut their
shops, and aseigning as a reason that there would
be a row towards the evening, and that they must
take every precaution against injury or lose to
themselves. Such arrangements as these of wares
filled every one with consternation, and the more so
that no one could explain the cause of this military
and police display. There had been no demonstration,
no overt act of any kind, &clear sky was suddenly
overclouded, and people looked at one another with
surprise, and asked why cavalry were paraded
through the streets, and cannon were planed in readi-
ness to fire upon them. As night approached the
authorities began to arrest, and in a few hours the

following persons had been laid hold of, or had
evaded arrest by ooncealing themselves :—Prince
Torella, Gentleman of the Bedchamber; Marches
Monterosao, Cavalier Mezzacapo, Marchese Vol-
cano, Marchese Bells, Duke Proto, Prince Campo-
reale, Marchese de Montefaloone, Duke Laverito
Monfort, Signor Giuseppe de Simone, Signor Gen-
naro de Filippis, Signor Francesco de Filippis, Sig-
norVacce, ex-attorney-general, and Maestro Giuseppe
Cinque. Besides these, other persons were ar-
rested to the number of fifty, some say,
but I am disposed to reduce the calculation to 26.
It is difficult to describe the impression which this
intelligence produced in society during the evening.
Scarcely anything else was spoken of, and since
then persons of all (dames seem to have been per-
fectly paralysed by this gross outrage, I will not say
upon liberty, but on common decency. Even Austria
would not have dared to commit such an act, for
though she is despotic she observes a system ; nor at
the same time is there, I believe, another people in
Europe who would submit without a blow to such
gross indignities as are practised upon the Neapoli-
tans. I have not even as yet been able to find
any satisfactory reason for the proceedings of
the last two or three days. It is asserted
that bills have been posted against the walls
inciting the people against the dynasty, but I have
not seen one of them. Again, it is asserted that a
demonstration was intended to have been made ; but
the liberals deny it, and those with whom I have
spoken declare that they knew of no intention of the
kind. In short, the general impression is that the
whole affair has been got up by the authorities to
intimidate the population, and to serve as an excuse
for putting their hands on certain obnoxious indivi-
duals. Those whose names I have mentioned form
a part of a list given to the Director of Police at the
beginning of the reign as dangerous persons to be
laid hold of in case of necessity.
Yesterday morning Mr. Elliot and Baron Brenier
remonstrated strongly with Signor Carafe, the
Minister of Foreign Affairs, on the illegal and revo-
lutionary acts of the day before. But mark my
words, nothing will produce any impression here
until the cannon thunders at the gates of Naples,
and then fear will yield what common sense, justice,
and humanity have failed to persuade. Many of
those arrested yesterday will be sent off in exile
to-day to Civita Vecchia—the Marchese Bella, Duke
Proto, Marchese and Cavalier Monterossi, Marchese
Yule. no, De Simone, and others.

HUNGARY.

(7710 Y OVA CAM 00211111PONDENT.)
PESTH, KAZCH 6.

The Emperor Francis Joseph never reads news-
paper., neither does he care for them; but his
ministers cannot afford to ignore the opinion of
Europe, and are therefore very angry to see that the
English, the French, and the German pre*s have
succeeded in getting regular and correct information
from Hungary. Baron Thierry, the Minister of
Police, is at his wits' end to discover the cor-
respondents, and the means by which they forward
their letters ; unable to get any hint from hie
detectives, he resolved to have the houses of the per-
son. most likely to be in oonnezion with the foreign
press searched, and their private papers examined.
Accordingly the day before yesterday the polies
suddenly invaded, at six o'clock in the morning, the
houses of some twenty persons at Vienna and here
at Pesth, and carried off their correspondence and
private notes. Among the gentlemen thus surprised
and alarmed we find old Count Stephen Szechenyi,
the veteran reformer; his son, Count Bela Szechenyi,
whose frequent visits to London have excited suspi-
cion, and his step-son, Count Zichy ; Mr. Hollku,
distinguished officer of the late Hungarian army
and commander of the fortress of Peterwardetn
in 1849, who has lately published a pam-
phlet advocating the re-establishment of the
Hungarian constitution; several German lite-
rary gentlemen, and even Dr. Gutherz, a Vienna
barrister, brother-in-law to General Mayerhofer,
commander-in-chief of the Papal army, were exposed
to the same treatment. The search was fruitless,
but it has excited the indignation of the people to a
fearful degree, since all the gentlemen they alarmed
belong to the upper classes of society, and nobody
now feels safe in his own house. The correspondent
of the Leipzig Deutsch* dilgeinsins Zeitung was
discovered last week, and has been imprisoned. He
will be tried for some tramped up charge, since he
would be able to justify and to prove every
word of his correspondence if his printed
letters were to be adduced against hint.
Thus, Julius Scirossy, the poet, was tried
and sentenced to one year's imprisonment, ap-
parently for having recited some treasonable political
poetry, though it turned out to be only on crinoline;
whilst his real offence was that he had become in-
timate with some French prisoners of war, who
might have written some articles in the French
papers about the misgovernment of Hungary and the
hatred of the nation against their rulers. The poor
fellow hu been carried away in fetters to a fortress
in Bohemia, where he will find plenty of fellow
sufferers from Venetia. About sixty of these unhappy
victims of tyrannical suspicion have lately arrived at
Peterwardem on the Danube, where they were
shut up in the dungeons of the fortress. It
is perfectly impossible to get any. information
about their names, they are now designated only
by numbers, and nobody but the commander of the
fortress knows their names and former station of life.
About one-half of them belong evidently to the edu-
cated, well-to-do classes; and there are youths
amongst them who have scarcely attained their six-
teenth year. Their crime is as unknown as their
names, since they have never been before a judge,and
were even, according to the government papers,
im-
prisoned in order to prevent them from becoming
dangerous to the state. I recommend this fact to
the peculiar attention of Lord Normanby. About
double the number have been sent to the fortresses
of Bohemia, whilst the prisons of Innapruck
and of the Tyrolese fortresses have been so completely
filled with gentlemen (signori) of the Italian Tyrol,
that the sentries had to be doubled, for fear lest the
prisoner should combine for escape. I take this
fact likewise from the official Vienna papers.

The Post publishes a letter addressed to Lord
Normanby by General Decavero, the Tuscan Minister of
War, whom Load Normanby, in his pamphlet, " The Cabf
net and the Congress," has charged with appropriating public)
monies of the Tuscan Stets to the amount of 60,0001. Iss
the name of public morality and justice, the Sardinian gene-
ral, who has honourably served his country for a period of
forty-seven years, now publicly calls en Lord Normanby to
place the grounds for ouch a charge in the hands of Baron
likasoli, the bead of the Taman government; "and in tha
nem of English integrity and honour," observes our con-
temporary, " we declare that if Lord Normanby doss not
swam this appeal he will be branded by the public opinion
of his own countrymen as guilty of the most groundless and
heartier calumny."

It is stated in the French papers that arrange-
meets are in contemplation for the conveyance of the acce-
lerated day mail between London and Paris in eleven house
yid Cable, sad that this improved service le likely to begin
I. Nay. To carry it out the railway speed meet be Increased
to a point not yet attained.

M. Tater. has just sent to his publishers the last
shies of the 17th volume of his " History of the Consulate
and the Empire." This volume concludes with the abdication
at Fontainebleaa. It will appear for sale on the 20th of
March. It is said that the " History of the Hundred Days"
will form the subject of the 18th and last volume.

A letter from Rome of the 3rd says :—" Thai
students of the Sapienza have nqt yet .uooeeded in making
peace with the Cardinal Prefect. Their address to the
cardinal has not had the enact of softening hie eminence's
heart. The cardinal declined to receive the address, as
bearing no signattme, and the etudonta did not feel snob an
implicit coefidenos in the indulgence of the government se
to induce therm to OSA their names to the document. Bad
blood continues to prevail in erneequenee, and there are
rummies of Cardinal Altlari having decided to confer no
madsmkal degree' during the 'meant year. Compleinte
were mode this morning of the *Cirri stationed around the
university having behaved in an outrageous manner to-
wer& acme of the young men, and a deputation of the
latter proceeded to the residecce of the French general to
implore his protection from them ancersolowons IniffietoTo 01
the police authorities. I have not as yet heard the result."