The Express.
London, England, 1859-07-05 00:00:00

AMERICAN INDEPENDENCE.

A dinner to celebrate the eighty-third anniversary
of the declaration of American independence took place see-
terday evening at St. James's Hall, under the auspices of
the American) Amociation, one of the principal objecht of
which is to afford assistance to neeeseitous Americans in
London, and thus to prevent them from becoming dependent
on the charity of the benevolent is this country. The
chair was taken by Omen! Ronnie B. CAMPBELL, United
States Consul in London; and there were about 170 gentle-
men present, besides a considerable number of ladies in the
The hall wee profusely decorated with the blended flags
of the United States and Great Britain. At one end of it
were portraits of Washington and his wife, and at the other
a full- length fortreit of Queen Victoria, forwarded by her
Majesty for the occasion. There was sn excellent band
which played at in'ervala some of the principal sational
airs of the United Statue and the mother-country.
Among the gentlemen present were:—His Excellency Mr.
Defies, the American minister; Mr. J. Bright, M.P.; Mr.
Dighy Seymour, M.P.; Capt. O'Connell; Mr. Philip N.
Darter, Secretary of the Amedern Ligation ; Mr. B. Moran,
Sewed Secretary of the American Legation; Judge Pascal,
of Teem; Mr. bas. Rodney Croekey, General Vandenburgh,
Att. Hunt, Col. Jos. L. Cheater, Dr. W. R. Bollard, Mr. N.
8. Dodge, Major J. B. Wheelock, Mr. John fittapter, Capt.
Edward, Mr. 0. Tinker (of N.Y ), Mr. Carlos E. Morrell,
Mr. Cyrus W. Field, Mr. J. 0. Drake, Mr. Ja-. Cropev,
Mr. M. Lorsent (of Brussels). Mr. John 8. Ratty, Mr. (.
Billing!, Mr. J. C. Brown, Dr. Pointer (of Tennessee), ike.
Mr. DALLAS, the American minister, in responding ICI
toast avoided 'illation to the merits of the present
war, or of its might, or of l's actors, retorting
to it only se resembling their colonial contest in
its fundamental and soul renovating wish for national
independence. (Hear, hear.) Many and mournful
drfferences In the two situatioes might doubtless be 'hewn;
but among those differences let them not rank the sesmiugly
leconsistint and dangerous aid accepted from an arbitrary
monarch. America could never dieelaim the gratitude she
owed to that same France, under the rule of a Bourbon,
whose succours, in bleed and treasure, were now, indite the
role of a Bonaparte, being similarly lavished on the pities
of Lombardy. (Great cheering.) Independeuee, thee, had
lost none of ita attrections since July, 1776. Why should it
not frankly recognise still incipient nationalities, however
weak or however strong ? Fortunately, too, in the order of
Providence, it never failed to le, like mercy, "'twice bleated;
Meriting Dim that gives and him that taker." It tens an un-
mixed good. Who now doubted that the vast empire of
Great Britain had immensely benefited by the conversion
her a °stern colonies into ;reveal confedersted States P Who
doubted that mince the fierce passions of revolutionary
strife had died away, a keen yet gerseroas compe-
tition in the pursuits of commerce, of science, of
art, and of react's, had enriched and elevated the
people of both countries ? (Cheers.) Yes, the country
in which they were enjoying communion and hospitality,
and the country to which they gave their allegiance and
their love, might well unite in grateful eulogy of the decla-
ration of American independence. In the *Oft of them, de-
sultory remark., he would offer the sentiment, " Seems. to
national Independence whenever and wherever honestly and
naturally sought." (Cheers.)
The Cigarettes then successively proposed "The Presi-
dent of the United Stater," and " The Queen," which were
received with equal cordiality.
The next toast was " The Memory of Wsshington," which
was succeeded by " The Diplomatic Service of the United
Btatee," and its" Consular Service," which were respectively
acknowledged by Mr. Dallas and the Chairman, the latter
having been proposed by Mr. Croskey.
The CHAIRMAN then proposed, " Non-intervention, the
true policy of tree governments," coupling with it the namo
' of Mr. Bright.
Mr. BRIGHT, after seine prefatory TEM ob., Inge:OCß he
',peeped his sympathy with the object of the celebration,
observed that the doctrine of non-intervention was not new
I in the United States, having been laid down by Wa-hing-
ton, who foresaw what miserable calamities mast
befal any country which entangled itself with
foreign alliances., and sacrificed Its blood and trea-
sure fur object, with which it had no concern.
In this country, unhappily, that which had long been the
settled bah of the people of the United States, had been
utterly repudiated as a selfish and foolish policy; and the
result was, that in this very mouth the Chancellor of the
Exchequer would ask for nearly five times as much as was
demanded from entered population in America. He granted
that these was a difference between this country and the
United States; but the difference was almost one of senti-
ment, and he was happy in the belief that there war at
this moment growing up in the minds of the people a
wiser Hew of foreign questions, and he hoped the time
would come when the doctrine which prevailed in the
United States would he universally adopted hate, and
when the people would no more think of plaoging into a
sanguinary struggle to determine the distribution of the
reap of Italy, or of any portion of the continent of Europe,
than the President, or the cabinet, or the Senate, or the
Hones of Representatives, of the Cruised States. would
think of inviting the inhebitante to enter iota a war for the
purpose of securing the permanency of the goversetteet of
some alma, unknown duke or grand dab in soma principa-
lity of Europe. He concluded by ',prestige a hope
that the Annie= Confederation would he perpetuated, and
prove a blessing to countless millions, and en example to
freemen is every put of the world. (Load cheers )
Among the other toasts were "The Preatt.". proposed by
Colonel J. L. Chester; "England and the Carted States of
America—the bulwarks of civil and religious liberty. fro-
poeed by General Vandenburgh, and respooded to by Mr.
Dighy Seymour, M.P.; "Commerce, the bead of peece
between nations;' and .• The American Association in
London."
The festivities were
proceedings altogether testifiedPr
un otr'ctedtilinainiehed after midnight, and the
interest in the
occasion of the gathering.

TIIS TIMM LORD Of THE TitEASURT AND THE
ITALIAN QVESTION.—Mr. Bsgwell, the Dew Irish Lord of
the Tot saute, concluded his speech on re-election for the
borough of lonmel with the following very tutphatic re-
mark. upon the state of the Italian question end the pest
' oontimutal struggle now in programs:—"Gentlemen, the
Italians are in course of cutquet lug the Austrians; they are
about driving out the hereditary tyrants, and about be-
coming what they have earnestly longed to be—a free
people. (Cheers.) The oppressed Italians are about
t.) rake their heads once more among the nations of
the world. (Amid great applause.) My friends, it
has been the dream of my early life, the conviction of
my mature year', that Italy never could be great until
she became free. That ehe is about to brooms free I
firmly believe. (Chem.) It is • time in which I glory to
live ; and if I live to be old the remembranoo of this period
of Italian liberty shall warm toy heart, and etir the
blood In the trains of ell who shall recall to mind the time
of Italy's freedom ; Italy I that I have seen Is my youth
degradd and trampled upon by the treat Atts,rian and
barbarian moldier—it shall warm my heart, I say, to think
that I hero ever lived to see her what this country most be,
' great, glorious, and free I' (Mr. &peen, emit' the most
vociferous applause, woe understood to say] —Gentlemen,
In conclusion, let me add that I have never uttered • pro-
mise, never made a pledge, or 'weaned any emitimerte that
I have ever denies, sad that I shall sotfultll and repeat
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SONDON. ruzzapar, JULY 5.

Tire bra en effrontery of the Military Proclama-
tions jut issued by Baron URBAN at Verona, and
by Colonel ANTONY SCHMID at Perugia, is charac-
terised by little more than this difference, that the
Marshal indirectly threaten, massacre, while the
Colonel coolly attempts to justify it. URBAN being
appointed Oovernor of Verona, in reward apparently
for his midnight assassination of an innocent Italian
family, iaanee to the luckless population committed
to his charge an address, compounded of the threats
of a brigand and the jests of a NephictopAeks.
Arriving at Verona, probably in vary ill humour
after his misadventure at Solferino, and perhaps
just in time to hear from Count RECEBRIG of M. DE
C.iiiira's Circular touching the murders be had so
secretly committed on the Ticino, Baum URBAN im-
mediately discovers that the Imperial proelamatioa
of the 30th of April, and those which suc-
ceeded it, announcing Verona in a state of
siege, " have not been obeyed so implicitly
" u their importance demands'" He declares that
every official shall henceforth rigorously carry out
martial law. "I em determined," says the new
GOVIITOOT of Verona, with more energy than logical
precision, "to make no exception in any ease, bat
wia punish alike the act and the intention." How
Baron Cantu proposes to detect the " intention"
of violating martial law, without an "act" of viola-
tion, is by no means apparent. Perhaps, like an
Eastern Pacha, he will presume a disloyal intention
of whatever individual ill-chance may place in his
way when the humour takes him. But Baron
URBAN displays a laudable anxiety to be perfectly
frank and open with the Veronese ; he would not on
any account sesame sheep's clothing to disguise his
wolfish &stem ; and indeed after the expose made of
him by Count C.ivora, any reserve on this point
would be rather superfluous. Ile therefore con-
cludes his address to the inhabitants of
Verona with this ribald and inhuman jest:
—44 In short, that the inhabitants may know
" well with whom they have to deal, I declare that
f• each of you may pet faith in me as a loyal
" Austrian, but that I am resolved not to put say
" faith in any of you" If it were worth while to
pick to pieces this brutal clime:, sae would be
tempted to ask what may be the mho of "the faith
" of a loyal Amitelaa"wbe would calmly mosseinate
as onetroadiss Weill, at rosiests? We merest that
the Verlaine will preen to reciprocate the want of
meadow* Masi CAROM URBAN is candid enough to
probes towards themselves.

Lot we wow twra b the proclamation of the Military
Governer of Perugia. ill Is, of course, altogether is
a different tone. With him the Saturnalia are
over—fur the time, at any rate—while Busse
Van ssi, on the other hand, appears to be gloating
Over the fire prospects of his reign. Colonel ANTONT
SCHMID, therefor?, writes in a palliative strain ;
and is turning to hie address from that
of Use" we torn from ferocity to false.
hood. Colonel SCHMID spproaches the subject
of his revolting deeds with a due sense of the in-
herent difficulty of justification is such circumstances.

He begins, adroitly enough, by an immense assump-
tion of the sanctity and inviolability of Pootifical
rights. Unhappily, however, " Pontifical rights"
are bat the correlative to " popular wrongs:" and the
greater the mess laid upon the former, the greater
we anticipate the iniquity to be defended. " Sent
" by my august Sovereign, Pto NONO." he begins,
" to re-establish among you his legitimate govern-
" meet, I could have wished to avoid every kind of
" collision." This is a very innocent beginning ; but
the governor flounders terribly from the moment
that he passes oat of his generalities. " They who
" had taken possession of the public power," he
adds, " have thought lit to carry their audacity to
" the point of resisting the armed force; and from that
moment my troops were bound to show themselves
" faithful to a duty no less imperious than painful."
If Colonel ANTONY Scum in had said nothing on the
hideous massacre of Perugia, a question might bare
arisen how far he had been able to control the lust,
debauchery, and villany GI his troops. A cha-
ritable supposition might have arisen that these
atrocities were not perpetrated with either his con-
currence or with that of his master, ANYONILLLI.
But Colonel SCUMID has removed the veil. He has
told us, in rfrect, that the Papacy aims to guars by
wholesale massacre, and that he is the instrument for
carrying out the system. Every one knows that all
the available manhood of Perugia had gone forward
to join in the war of independence, and that the
mercenaries were sent thither from Rome because
the massacre of rid men, and women, and children
was easy work. If Cardinal ANTON ILIA thinks he
can strike terror into the popular cause by means of
mamma In the middle•of the nineteenth century,
he weetally miscalculates the spirit of liberty which
le arrayed against him.

But Colossi ANTONY &TIMID comes forward
with the audacious assertion, that " Now his
" teak is to re-establish and protect public order r,
11. is close emaciation of deliberate massacre and
public order appears not unnatural to a soldier in the
pay of hie Holiness. The Colonel's programme for
the happy future of Perugia, not less naturally, is
that " the legitim►te authority of the Pontifical Go-
" vernment is established in its full integrity," and
that "a military government is appointed which
" will remain until fresh provisions are made." The
address concludes with the words:— Inhabitants
" of l'erugis, respect the laws, and I answer for the
" discipline of my troops." In this assumes of the
subordination of his Swiss guard., Colonel Salami
takes upon himself anew the responsibility foe every
outrage at Perugia, past or in store. It is not NNW
curing to a decimated population to be told that their
submission to a ferocious military government,
against which their brothers are elsewhere actively
contending, is the only altmsaties to their total
massacre; but it is satisfactory to feel that every fresh
barbarity of the Pontifical Government hastens
it+ end.

It will be mesa by oar parliamentary report that
Mr. C. P. ViDiem ham accepted the office of Presi-
dent of the Poor Law Board. Mr. Villiers will
14,11 a mat it tla &Amt.

Cbc ecnirt.

The Queen received at Buckingham Palace
yesterday afternoon an eddress on the throne from the Con-
vocation of the Clergy.

The Archbishop of Caaterbury, attended by We snowy
sad with the members of the Upper House In Year waves&
non habits, arrived at Betkinghans Passe at ten minutes
before three o'clock. His Grace wee sconspeaded by the
Prolocutor and the members of the Lower flatus of COUTO,.
oaks.

EY &fad reed and delivered the address to Lev Mejesty.
The Wean returned the followleg most gracious answer:
I receive with sincere satisfaction the renewed 181111rADIX
of your loyal and affectionate attachment to my throne and
WOOL

" I heartily concur in your feelings of gratitude to Al-
mighty God for the restoration of tranquillity to my Indian
dinainioas; and it ie my earnest desire that the government
of that country should be conducted in the spirit of mildness
sad charity which is the distinguishing attribute of our holy
religion.

"1 rely upon the Christi= smitimeats of my subjects for
supporting the pacific policy which has ccemisteritly guided
my councils.

" It will ever be my enticing wish that ell mamma may
be adopted which have for their object the diffusion dime
religion among all classes of my people, and which may tend
to render the national church an efficient instrument for
promoting tho spiritual welfare of the increasing popolatka
of ibis realm."

The Archbishop of Canterbury received the obeyer from
haw Majesty, end, ►neeling, bad the honour of kissing hands.
The Prolocutor, the Dean of Bristol, ►nelt before the
Quin, and had the honour of Miming her Majesty's homed.
The Archbi,hop, and the members of both bomb, than
withdrew.

Baron Henry de Triqueti had the honour of rabaeitting to
the inspection of the Queen and the Prince Cowart two
statuettes in carved leafy.
The Prince Consort, attended by Colonel the Hon. A.
Harding*, visited the &nth Kensington Mamma yesterday
fig•

The Prince of Wales and the Duke of Oporto, attended by
Caplets Seppal and Vicomte de Campanhaa, 'visited the
United Service hesitation, in Whitehall-yard.
The Prince Commit lad the Prince of Wales rode on
horseback in the alternoes. Coked the Hon. A. Sardinia
attended.

The Queen bad a dinner ptrly in the evening. The com-
pany Included the King of the Belgians, the Princess Alice,
the Priam of Wales, the Dike of Oporto, and the Count of
Fiemders, the Dime and Duchess of Somerset, the Duke and
Datimes of Manchester, the Marquis and Marchioness of
Ailsabary, the Marquis and Matthias...of Nornaanby, Lod
%slay, Viscount Bury, Lord Way* the Right lion. tR
Cheep and Lady Grey, Colonel the Han. Sir C. Phlppa,
Calked the Has. R. Bran, Cokeal Count de Maarkarka,
Lir& Oasend Vaned° de Campashas, Dr. Kostpl, Captain
Berg* L Seapayo, end Major Burnell.

-
Tikibirlef We -61dieressa Quante wended daring Omer.

A depordes from the Athrth tinpal Mad ream Nave.
dries derimely filetited) had an Interview with the Ober-
eider et tite Baraerpiev yesterday, for the peeper of
dr menthe a ber=ste ==t to the sae ii
the essmordedes
Ear the agaged es the peels* Masks Clehrey,
nod et irrieter mere available se beneee
verge. PlOllllO. the Duke et Waster, tballregair • I Clis.
thanes, Lad Dashed* H.P., Lord John Bertha, 11. P..
Br Theme Berke, Bort, M.P., W. W. H. Otxorikraz
the Bee. Pere Defy, the Moe. Mr Alias N
But, Card Pirnisephes Freak M.P., Mr. 3. A. 8010
bud, H.P MtP. Heelteth Inestwood. Beet.,
Latta, Mr. lobs Ora Low, Mr. Thome Hl=
Mr. 3. A. Mho, M.P., Mr. 13. P. Lasoarkirk M.P., Mr.
Therm Odom tenth. Mr. A. M. Wier, Mr. Wilms%
Mr. H. Mosteneess,_ Mr. A. Brie, Mr. ;reel ABpote, Hr.
W. H. Draw, sad threats lord.
Ochre HSI, throwsor et Mere Lesse, bed ea foterview
with the Dube of Neerrode yesterday N the Ceirri-ollko.
Ter itighe Hr. T. Maser Mrs Weesered Were
mach, Atha et ke et the Board of Tisk.

irt-W=co oat Tastuniay.
An coma him Maim, "T®. Kim ladia Company ..
Komncbm Boyar (part bawd), wan rammed.
Dorpolskao ears reasind at Ma Coloood- other manarday
from tie Governors al Canada and the Bulicassa. Dr
apatekon von coat to dm Clovornor of Malta.
The Qum vrtll hold • Privy Council to•motrom
011cdosoisy) at Buckingham Pasco.

According to the orders now given Ws Court will
sot rwit f.loollaad this num.

Her Anyal Highness the Duchess et Kest, It II
erstifyios t state, Is so tar monied from tar Is eerier
Mari as to to ambled to rename be amaillomod earths*
Myst to the Part.

Lady Molesworth entertained at dinner last eyeli-
ke Mao Marquis of Bristol, Laura Conn Sews of Antrim, the
Marl at Wantanoeslani, tha Earl Cowper, Viscount and
Vieansesee Tarrbras, Lady Role, Lord end Lady Rag-
tag'. Lod Cbseeten. Lard Jaha Hay, Lead and Lady Carew,
Hos. W. and Mrs. Coventry, Adairal Sir Thomas and
Lady COAIM•111, wadi Mr Ralph and Lady Howard.

. ,
isdy Ave!Wad's ball, which was to have taken
pipes to-nnerew evening, Is postponed in consequent* of Use
Math of a Wally*.

Mrs. Washington Hibbert gave a bell last even-
ing at bar sew residence in Dover-strut, the ordinary re-
Gowen of wile we an 'hie occaaion largely increased by
the sneaks of a new new ion saloon and ball-rooen over
the pinks h the rear of the znanaion.

-
Lead Pammeden hae appointed Mr. Fleming, for
many years Aaelehatt•Secretvy of the Poor•law Board, to
the olio' of permanent Secretary, in the rocs of Lord
Devoe, resigned.

. _
The Earl and Countess of Eglinton held an undress
kern at Dublin yesterday. The at,crianos was =pre-
cedently large. Several addresses were presented. In •
reply, the Earl of EgFuton said, c spotting the oboe of the
viceroyalty :—" More mature comideration and a larger
ezperrience of this country hove only continued me in the
cip*niono I have on all previous OCCIII.iou, etpreseed, of the
great importance of the MR I have held among you ; and I
trust that no party in the state will ever adopt the short-
sightsf policy which would be involved in its abolition."

We /Glasgow Mail) naderbtand that Mr. Thomu
Culyla is at pretest ruthatiog at Abertiour, ort the oppo-
site lids of the Forth.

Among the subscribers to the Kean testimonial
see the Doke of Rutland, 101.; the Earl of Carlisle, 101.;
the Earl of Sandwich, 1014 the Earl of Ealintou, 101.;
the Bad of Selkirk, 101.; Viscount Pullisgtos, 61. ; Vis-
count Ifamonth. 64 65.; Lori 101.; Col. the Hon.
♦ngnKne laddell, 31. Se.; Col. the Ilent. lames Ltndasy,
N.P., N.; an.

A somewhat miasma compliment has been paid
by his profesekmal brothers to Mr. Richard Deasy, the new
Soiicitor•Oeneral. On Saturday evening the teamed gentle-
man was mmertained at dinner by nmirlr every member of
the Monster bar, whig, tory, and radical, at present in town,
said numbering over slaty persons
An Athlone paper announces that 115 warrants
from the Speaker of the House of Consomme have been served
upon the support..,, friends, and egeata of lb. John Ennis
at the late gemeral election. " From a comUtneary of 72.5
' voters," toys the local journal, "this appears to be an amount
of evidence almost inerotbble and unparalleled in parliamen-
tary eloords."

kr. Andrew Steuart has given notice that on an
early day he .ill call the attention of the ►ouee to "the
facilities by which a elsrgymea of the Scottish Epiteopal
Communion may by a velvets bill obtain ado:dation into the
church of England, ems though he may have countenanced
what have been coadamsed by his own church as dangerous
errors ; sad to ask the Yirer,Lord of the Treasury, whether he
considers a remedy should be devised, either by a public
enactment or foramina mgsrdiag private bills of so unusual
a Satan."

We regret to tom from the Colonsbo ()herrer
of the death, oa the nod of May, of Dr. Elliott, fa 24
years the editor of that journal. He bald oleo the poet of
principal civil medical °dicer of Ce)lon.

. .
Lord Stanley, the Bombay papers may, had
written foe accurate Infiwmation In regard to the extent and
imitate of the cultivable lend w►ich is at the sheolate
por.il of governmeat within the limits of Metier, Bombay,
the North-Wert Previewm, the Panjeub, and Bengal; also
se to the condition on which eac► leech plight properly be
&nomad of to persons deeirqus of Miming them into eat-
Urethra.

The Calcutta Englishman contains the following
West/1w psnypeeli.—" We are informed that the sea of the
ez• K log of Oude, who is at present in leaden, has written
his father that he has jest retormed to login! from
Egypt, and that the kingdom is to be restored to him,
There would be nothing retankable in this, had net the
letter heft submitted to Lord Stanley sad forwarded by
ham,"

THE WAR IN ITALY.

The Wowing telegrams were received at Mr.
Reubw's office this day :
"VALLEGGIO, MONDAY, JOIN 4.

" OFFICIAL MESBAOE.

" The French army, inerstmed by Prise. Napo-
leon's corps, will operate against Verona, whilst part
of the Sardinian army begins the siege of Peschiera,
The Emperor having sent back the wounded
Austrian officers without exchange, and having re-
quested an exchange of prisoners, an Austrian officer
has arrived with the announcement that the Em-
peror of Austria will also send back without ex-
change the wounded prisoners of the allies, and that
his Majesty is equally disposed for an exchange of
other prisoners."
"TURIN, Mormiy, Jugs 4.
" 017ICIAL souswir.
PIAILT/111CD TO-DAT MONDAY.

"On the 29th ult. the Sardinian army more
closely invested the exterior fortifications of
Peachier', situated on the right bank of the Mincio.
Our army crossed the river on the 20th, for the
purpose of investing Peachier& also on the left bank
of the river."

TURIN, Jen. 4.
The Monitors di Bologna of the 30th ult. publishes
a letter of Count Cavour addressed to the Junta of
Bologna. He says: "The government of the King
cannot accept the union of the Romagna with Pied-
mont, but will direct the Roman forces to concur
Ear the purpose of obtaining Italian independence."

The official PiedmonteL Gazette au;ounoes that
the Chevalier d'Azeglio has been appointed General
and Commissioner Extraordinary, purely military,
foe the Roman States.

VIENNA, JCL! 4.
The Austrian Correspondence contains the fol-
lowing telegram :

"Firm; iIILT 4.

It is asserted that the French, amounting to
ten thousand, have disembarked at Lumienpicoolo.
The bridge to Cherso has been destroyed.

FRANKFORT-ON-THE-MAINE, lioleph.Y.

In to-day's extraordinary sitting of the Federal
Diet, Prussia brought in new and farther proposals
respecting the establishment, extension, and cons-
mand-in•chiel of the corps of observation on the
Rhine which hu already been resolved upon.
M. d'Usedom left immediately afterwards for
Berlin.