The Express.
London, England, 1860-12-24 00:00:00

TIN(, DECEMBtR 24, 1866.

=IWO FROM PARIS.,•

(nom oua oww

PA RlB, 86/IDAT EVICRIN4I.

In consequence of the snow we have no letters
or papers either from England or Italy, and the
telegraph brings no news of any importance, except
the analysis of M. de Schmerlin,g's political pro-
gramme.

The uncertainty of the rumours from Gaeta, and
the mystery which veils imperial projects in that
quarter, is the subject of general remark.
The Patric considers as " premature" an asser-
tion in the Nord, that " France, in spite of all
the difficulties raised by the cabinet of Loudon, has
effected an arrangement with the Ottoman govern-
ment fur a prolonged occupation of Syria by a
French army."
The papers say that a fourth regiment of Grena-
dier Guards is about to be formed immediately.
There are already four regiments of Voltigeurs of
the Guard, and it is wished to have the same
strength of Grenadiers.
Several French journals speak in terms of honest
indignation of the conduct of the Saxon govern-
ment in giving up Count Ladislaus Teleky to Austria.
The Debate observes that the law of nations does
not justify the extradition of political offenders,
and it appeals from the justice of the King of
Saxony to that of the Emperor of Austria, who
it hopes will be led by considerations of honour and
interest to treat Count Teleky as an honourable ad-
versary and not as an enemy.
A curious case of a prosecution of a judge for a
libel came before the Imperial Court of Paris yes-
terday at the instance of M. Procnreur-General
Chaix d'Eat Ange. K Huot, a judge of the Court
of Colmar, was charged with having written
in the Petite Gazette des Dibusiasz Crimiiwie de
r Aimee of and concerning M. Moncorier, a justice
of the peace of Ussel, that he (M. Moncorier)
aspired to be a member of the council-general, and
other things of a nature to lower him in public
estimation.

The court found the judge guilty, but considering
that the damage done was necessarily restricted
within the narrowest limits in consequence of
the general esteem in which M. Mon-
corier was held by his neighbours, ►nd
considering moreover, " that the article

incriminated must be attributed less to a malicious
intention than to the unfounded pretenaiona of the
defendant to be thought a satirical writer," it
merely sentenced him to pay the costa of the trial
in full for all damages.
The Patric correctathe idea which it says has been
mistakenly entertained by many people that the
decree of Dec. 16 modifies the law of passports with
regardto Frenchmen ; they cannot leave Franoe for
England without providing themselves with a pass-
port and a permission to embark as heretofore.
This was quite clear from the text of the decree,
and I am surprised that any explanation
on the subject is thought necessary. I
remarked at the time, as a singular con-
sequence of the reform, that it gave Englishmen
a privilege in Franco which French citizens will not
enjoy. The Patric now, if its note is to be relied
upon, satisfactorily answers one of the queries which
occurred to me the other day. I observed that the
decree, if literally construed, only relieved English-
men from the necessity of showing passports when
"entering" or "circulating" in France, but said
nothing about leaving the country. It is plainly to
be deduced, however, from the above paragraph that
Englishmen are intended to step on board any
vessel bound for England not only without pass-
ports, but without even a local " permit." Tant
inieur. I again laud the idea and hope there will
be no difficulty in the working of it.
Dr. G. Msynier and M. Louis d'Eichthal being
about to start ou a journey to Southern Siberia, the
Amoor River, and China, have applied to the
Academy of Sciences for instructions calculated
to guide them in their researches, and the Aca-
demy has ►ppointed a committee, consisting of
MM. Milne, Edwards, Rayer, Moquin-Tandon,
and Saint-Claire-Deville, to prepare the instruc-
tions solicited.

PARE. SATURDAY EVLICING.

There has been a hotly contested election for the
municipality of Marseilles, but on the eve of the
decisive ballot the independent candidates pub-
lished an address, announcing that in consequence
of " very serious misconduct" on the part of the
authorities, which had been made the subject of a
complaint to the Procureur-General, they would
not go to the pcll.
The France Centrak of Blois, which was relieved
from suspension by the late amnesty to the press,
was to have re-appeared on Monday, but its printer
is afraid to go ou any longer. Consequently it is
announced that pending an action, the object of
which is to compel the printer to perform his con-
tract, the journal cannot appear. This event il-
lustrates the objection often made to the Napo-
leonic laws on the press, that they implicitly con-
stitute the printer the censor of the journal.
Letters from Bucharest speak as of a fact univer-
sally spoken of the existence of a tacit understanding
between Prince Coma and the Court of Turin, iu
pursuance of which the Principalities will make a
diversion against Austria while Piedmont attacks
Venetia, and that in return Piedmont will subse-
quently second Prince C 071171 in his annexationist
designs upon the Rouman subjects of Austria.
The Bourse is worse than ever. Money articles
written in the bull interest have been written in
vain, all the week preaching the doctrine that the
is fall a good sign, because low prices will tempt
capitalists to buy. The fall goes on every
day. The Bente is now at 68.30 (both for
cash and account), 10a lower than yesterday.
There is little hope of any material improvement
for the next week, for people are already very
anxious about the Emperor's New Year's speech,
which, seeing the state of Europe, it is feared may
be warlike. Mobilier fell 2.50. The Northern
Railway rose 250. In the other lines
there was scarcely any change. There were violent
fluctuations in the Calms) Mires, and rumours con-
nected with the Turkish Loan were not without
influence on the market.

The Toulonnais of Dec. 20 says that the Minister
of Marino is about to offer prizes to all branches
of the naval servioe for the best reports on practical
improvements.
It is announced that the Princess Clotildo has
long been in an interesting situation.
The marriage which had bee,, announced between
Baron Bend Reille, captain of the staff, and orderly
officer to the Minister of War, with Mdllo. Gene-
vive Soult do Dalmatie, took place the day before
yesterday in the church of St. Clotildo, in presence
of a great number of perttons connected with the
army. The bridegroom is eon of Marshal Reille,
and grandson by his mother of Marshal Maqsdna,
and the bride is granddaughter of Marshal Soult.
" The following," says the Merle, "is a very
unforeseen result of the treaty of com-
merce with England :—An extensive tinman in
Paris lately purchased 6,000 cases of English block
tin at 32f. GUe. the 100 kilos., and ho is now =-
exporting it to Englund made inta utensils of dif-
ferent kinds. He has calculated that the lower
rate of wages paid to French workmen, as com-
pared with that of the English, will more than
compensate for the expense of carriage and duty
(Bf. 60c. per 50 kilos.). The French block tin ma-
nufacturers have now reluoed their prices from 70f.
to 621. 26c."

HVNGARY.

(fox ova OWN coaszspoirrimm.)
PEW% Drc. 12.
The excitement of the eagle-chase has subsided
the double-faced imperial bird has disappeared
from public buildings and tobacco shops, not
without conflicts with the military—for instance at
Leutchau, where the Austrian officers took:it upon
themselves to protect the imperial arms on the county
halL The barracks, however, and the treasury
buildings retain the double-headed eagle, though
mischievous boys and the mob sometimes deface
them during the night, at the risk of being severely
chastised by the foreign soldiers, who resent most
keenly the insult offered to the arms of their impe-
lrial master. But the agitation begins to spread
even among the army, and but yesterday some Hun-
garian and Polish private soldiers, excited by drink,
began to detach the eagle from their forage caps,
much to the annoyance of the officers. We do not
doubt that this small incident will spread alarm at
Vienna, and lead to a reinforcement of the garrison.
We get news from the different counties where
the reorganisation takes place. All of them hovel
until now solemnly and unanimously declared that
Ithey cling to the laws of 1848. The ministerial in-
structions sent by the chancellor to the lord-lieu-
tenants to be accepted as the standing orders for
the county meetings and elections were rejected,
either by the lord-lieutenants or by the county
meetings, as being contrary to the constitution and
common law. In the metropolitan county of
Pesth an address was voted to the chancellor, de-
daring that the county cannot acknowledge or
submit to any judges who were not elected by the
'county. In Borsod, under the chairmanship of the
chancellor's own brother, the elections have already
taken place, and against the directions and stand-
ing orders of the minister. Tax receivers, too, were
elected, and a public prosecutor. No taxes have been
paid anywhere since the Ist of November ; and un-
less the Diet is soon called together, it will be rather
difficult to collect them. One of the most impor-
tant features of the present strife is the solemn de-
claration of the Cardinal Primate that he firmly
adheres to the laws of 1848. After this emphatic
rejection of the ministerial programme, which will
be unanimously endorsed by the conference of the
"notables "at Gran on the 17th, it becomes impos-
sible for Baron Vay to remain in office. Together
with Count Badmen he over-estimated his influence
in the country, believing that the Hungarians, de-
sirous to get rid of the vexations of Austrian offi-
cials, might be persuaded to sacrifice some of
their constitutional rights, in order to
guard their autonomy. But if Baron Vay
and the comae/dons of the 20th October,

failed to conciliate the Hungarians, what will the
Austrian cabinet dot Are they prepared to send
an army of one hundred thousand men to
Hungary, and, cancelling the famous promise of
the Emperor, return to the rule of the
sword, to martial law, to poliUcid prosecu-
tions, to the gibbet, and deportations ? If they
arc not, they must yield to necessity, and try
whether Desk and Baron Eaves might not be in
duced to step in and save the empire from dissolu-
tion and complete ruin, as soon as Garibaldi, on
the lat of March, forces Italy into a war with
Austria. Desk, indeed, and his friends are states-
men of the highest order, superior to the Rechbergs
and Schmerlinge and Pleners, whose nostrums can-
not heal the festering wounds of the empire ; but
neither Desk nor Edtvos are likely to accept
office and to jeopardise their honourable name
without guarantees that the laws of 1848 will really
and honestly be accepted by the cabinet of Vienna
as the legal basis of the reorganisation of the coun-
try. We hear that M. Sohmerling is to succeed
Count Golnchovsky at the Home Affairs at Vienna,
and the doctrinaire liberals of the capital sound the
trumpet of praise and see in him the regenerator of
the Austrian empire. The Hungarians do not in-
quire how lie conducted the affairs of Germany in
1848, when he was prime minister of the Archduke
John, the then administrator of Germany ; but we
cannot forget that in October, 1849, he was
Austrian Ministm- of Justice at the time when
Haynau had our generals and ministers igno-
minously executed. The blood of Count Louis
Batthyanyi, of Baron Prenyi, of Ceanyi,
and of the thirteen martyrs of Arad, forms an
insurmountable barrier between him and Desk.
The colleague of Count Louis Batthyanyi cannot sit
at the same board with the man who, by remain-
ing Minister of Justice during those murders,
shared in the responsibility of the bloody deeds.
But if Deak should not accept the ministry, where
is there the man to be found able and willing to
prevent a revolution in Hungary 1 The people
have been roused by the concessions of Oct. 20,—
the country cannot now relapse into the dejection
of former years. Wheresoever we cast our
glance we cannot see any way for a pacific solution.
With hope and manly determination we expect a
change from the coining spring and the threatening
war. All Hungary is now united, the aristocracy
and the people, the different races of the country—
all parties are unanimous in detesting the
Austrian yoke.
Since it may be asked why the laws of 1848 are
so popular in Hungary, I subjoin a summary of
them, which accounts better for the character of
the present movement than any long dissertation.
The first article is purely historical, and contains
nothing beyond a eulogy upon the memory of the
late Archduke Joseph, who was Palatine of Hun-
gary for full fifty years.
The second records the election of the Archduke
Stephen to the post of Palatine.
The third establishes an independent responsible
ministry for Hungary, to have its seat at Perth,
and to be in no ways subordinated to the German
ministate. It is divided into seven branches—the
Home-office, the Finances, the Public Worke, Com-
merce and Agriculture, Public Worship and Edu-
cation, Justice and Grace, and the Defence of the
Country. An eighth minister was to reside at
Vienna, for communication with the German minis-
ters and the Emperor.
The fourth article orders triennial parliaments, to
be held at Path during the winter months.
The fifth establishes the franchise at 10/. of cer-
tain and constant, not precarious, income a year,
and arranges the electoral districts ; the parliament
to consist of 377 members, out of which 48 to be
elected by Croatia ; should Transylvania wish to
unite with Hungary 69 would be allotted to her,
thus increasiug the number of members to 446.
The sixth article attaches the counties Kraazna,
Izolnsk, and Zarand to Hungary ; the seventh
makes provision in case Transylvania should desire
the re-annexation.

The eighth extends the duty of haying taxes and
tolls to all classes of society, abolishing the immu-
nity of the nobility.
The ninth emancipates the peasants and. converts
their copyholds into freeholds.
The tenth regulates the affairs of the commons
and pasture grounds.. . .