The Express.
London, England, 1859-10-18 00:00:00

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IONDON. 177E8DAY, OCT. 1&

Till advice, from Shanghai which wo published
yesterday confirm the statement that Mr. WAX%
the American Minister, had set out for Pekin
by the Peh-tang river, and add (although the
evidence is rather inferential than direct) that
he had arrived in the Imperial capital. The
Peli.tang, it will be remembered, is the she= by
which the Governor of Peehelle invited Mr. Dims
to go to Pekin, contrary to the arrangement he had
made with the Imperial Commissioners, and not
until after the Admiral bad begun to remove the
obstructions from the month of the Peiho. Mr.
WARD, the members of his Legation, and half a
dozen officers of the United States Navy, after
waiting six days at the village of Peh..
tang to learn the Imperial pleasure, left
their own vessel at the mouth of the river, and
embarked in jaake, which the Chinese Government
had fitted up for the occasion, and are said to have
been treated with much condescension. The next

mail will probably bring positive intelligence of the
arrival of the Minister of the United States at Pekin.

From the language held by the Governor of Chi-11
to Mr. WARD, and from the reported character of the
Imperial edict', explaining the Takoo affair, which
are said to have reached Canton, it may fairly be as-
sumed that had Mr. Bares been willing to be the
object of " much oonducension," and to place him-
eelf and the honour of this country at the mercy of
Chinese officials, he might have been on his way home
from Pekin by this time with a ratified treaty. Bath
Minister acted last June according to the antecedent
policy and experience of his nation. The AlDefieli
Minister—without a war to terminate and crown,
with only commercial interests to consider, without
a treaty right to go to the Chinese capital—mast get
to Pekin as best he might. Like us, he chose to go
by way of Tien-tsin ; he presented himself at the
booms of the Peiho and demanded n passage; sad
had Admiral MOPE opened a way through the bar-
rier', his determination was to rush up. The militia
at Takao refused to give entrance to his modest
escort, aad our force was unable to clear the way
it was under these circumstances that Mr. WARD,

without waiting for an invitation, applied to the
Governor of the province of Chi-li to give him acre.
to Pekin. The American Minister took a practical
hakes-like view of a position which was one of
great freedom. The situation of our Minister was
very different. His treaty conferred rights and
privileges far surpassing those inscribed is the
document of which Mr. wean was the bearer, and
many of which were as distasteful to the Chinese
Government m they were favourable to the in-
terest of the Chinese people. It is argued by some
who can write sensibly enough on other subjects,
that on this account they ought not to have been
pressed; the fact that they had been obtained by
coercion is paraded as a discovery and produced
as a durrant proof that they are wrongfully in oar
possession, and that the treaty ►aving been made
by the Chinese under duress is not binding—enure-
ment which would give Austria a clear right to
resume poomarion of Lombardy as soon as she
feels strong enough to do so. We obtained the rights
stipulated an the Treaty of Tientsin while we held
on. of the Bret cities of the Empire in our hands,
end while further great military operations were in
suspense ; they were designed and intended to obviate
future muunderitandings between the two countries.

If rights of this clam, solemnly conceded, are not to
be respected on the one hand and maintained on
the other, it is impossible to regulate our political in-
terwar's with the Chinese, which most thus rentals
on the footing of a one-sided and arbitrary application
of material force. The appearance of Mr. BarCi
at Pekin was to form a transitional crisis in the
public relations of the two Empires. It wee to close
an era of irregularity and irritation, blued upon igno-
rance which probably was not confined to one side ;
bet it could not do this if it were attended by Ci/COM-
moon calculated to confirm the Chinese Government
in its old arrogance and exclusiveness. In judging
of the intentions of the Imperial Government as
they were to be gathered from the conduct
of the Commissioners at Shanghae and at

Takoo, it was impossible that any Plenipo-
tentiary should not be influenced mainly by his
knowledge of the motives which have notoriously
Influenced the same Government in its dealings with
us for the last twenty years. At Shanghai he en-
countered subterfuge, concealment, evuion ; never-
theless, when he started for Takoo, it wee upon •
clear understanding with the Imperial Commis-
sioners, recorded in their note of Jane 19, that he
should proceed to Pekin by the l'eiho river.
It has been Inqaently amerted that Mr.
Buie proposed to enter the river in •
warlike attitude, and proceed to Tientsin
with a menacing display of force. But the fact is,
that our Plenipotentiary had no sooner arrived at
the mouth of the river than he sent a notification
to the authorities at the Takao forts, to be forwarded
to the Intendant at Tien-win, to the effect that the
squadron would remain at the anchorage, outside the
bar, while Mr. BRCCE was on hie visit to Pekin.
Had this message been attended to—and there was
no lack of time to reply to it, the communication
having been made five days before& shot was fired—
and had • high officer been deputed to meet Mr.

Bacca at the Month of the Peiho, according to the

memorial of the Commissioners, the Minister would
hays proooodod aa far es Tien-tain with only such
reseals M were requisite for his conveyance end that
of hie smite. We bow what happened. The Flout-
jartmetiery wee kept waiting of the Pelt() river for

three days after the date at which ceders might
have beta received trees Pekin; sad thew, atter the
topmetioes lied ecaussated, he received a meage,
maim eireamotaaces which might well give rise to
_ .

alepidm, inciting him to go to Peh-tani, and wait
than for an indefinite time.

The Chinese Oovernment now, it is understood,
'ogre's. its regret at the misunderstanding. It is
alarmed at the disappearance of the English and
Preach minister's, which it can only explain by its
Mrs. Mseiswhile, the two Western Oovernmeats
are preparing no expedition of which little is cer-
tainly known, bat which, if all its parts are proper-
' donate, will be • large an.. The political direction of
this expedition will demand qualities of the first order.
It cannot possibly be our interest further to disol-
genies the Chinese Empire by weakening the Central
Oevernment, already too feeble, and visiting its pro-
vision with the horrors of war. It cannot be our
interest further to involve ourselves is the polities of
the East by acquiring territory in the Celestial
Empire. We have simply to vindicate the honour
of oar flag, and obtain the execution of oar
treaty. When once the wall of ignorance in
which interested mandarins have enclosed their
Emrattoa is braen down, and that potentate
aware' the conviction that his interests and ours is
the extension of trade are identical, it may, perhaps,
preve an advantage faros that we have the right to
go to Pekin unburdened with the obligation of ma..
taining a permanent embassy there. After all, our
permanent interests in China are summed up in
the extension of our commerce. Our duties follow our
Interests, and the main source of our iliißculties has
been their neglect. But this is • topic demanding
an independent examination.

the Court.

WINDSOR CAIITLE, Oar. 17.

- - - -.•
The Queen and Primo Comet, maeonspanied by
Prince Arthur, Prisons Aloe, Priem Ham, sad Primus
Leeks, arrived at the Calle at heWpast wen o'cleek this
amine, from Pimps Coe* North Rabe

larradrace war; Lady Ciurchill, the Hoa. Emily Wh-
iter, Mehoe-Graral N. Hoe. C. Grey, Liettroard-Cclerel
Pcurraloy, rod A. Daly.

• mid odineetw althe 2ad Battelle. Grenadier Owerde,
with the bond at the regiment, wee at the Window. Railway
nation.

Prime Leopold end Princess Beatrice arrived from
Oskar at me o'clock, Mended by Lady Caroline Barring-
ton mil Bess-Admiral the HOD. Sir H. Koppel.
Led Cainoys has strived as Lord in Welting to the
QOM. The Hon. Lady Kerr end the Hon. Mary Belted
lave also arrived as Maids of Honour in Waiting to her
Medeety.

&WOO the Hat. A. Hood ho untended Xajor.6seol
the Hem C. Grey es &nary in Waiting to the Quer.
The Prises el Wei% attended by {Cokes' the Hoe. R.
Brace and liner Task* left Buckingham Palace yesterday
for Oiled.

A Cabinet Came was held yesterday at the
official residence of the First Lord of the Treasury,
in Downing-street. The ministers present were Vis-
count Palmerston, the Lord Chancellor, Lord John
Russell. the Right Hon. Sidney Herbert, Sir Charles
Wood, the Chancellor of the Exchequer, the Duke
of Somerset, Sir George Grey, Earl of Elgin, the
Right Hoe. T. Milner Gibson, and the Right Hon.
C. P. Villiers.

The Right Ha. T. Meer Gibson arrived its Leaden
yesterday from lila seat, Theberton Hall, Suffolk.

The kali of Elgin hes arrived in town.
Despatches from the Governors of the North Amnia&
Provinces, and from the Lord High Commissioner of the
lonian Wanda, were rewind yesterday at the Colonial-
ate.