The Express.
London, England, 1858-08-31 00:00:00

i LIE UNITED STATES.

Thu own own

NEW TORE, Atiot sr 10.
There has been nothing talked of for the last four
days but the Atlantic Telegraph. No one could
have imagined that the success of the wonderful
enterprise wield have called forth so much hearty
eathuaimm. There is not a town through the
length and breadth of the continent which has not
been thrown into spasms of delight by the intelli-
gence. Fireworks and illuminations have been the
order of the day ; and what id, if possible, still more
gratifying, the press of all parties is unanimous in
hailing the achievement as an unmixed blaming, full
it hope and promise for the two countries. The ex-
pressions of feeling which the event has called forge
prove in a very satisfactory manner the thorough
good-will with which all classes look upon every-
thing which tends to draw England and the United
States together, the " outrage" egitatioa in any-
wise notwithstanding. While the result was still un-
certain there were a good many cavillers, 10111111 being
those who did not believe the thing could be done
and others who did not wish it to be done. The
latter were mainly composed of the extreme pa•
triots who desire to see America surrounded by •
wall of fire, and in complete independence of every
other country. They affected terrible alarm at the
fact that both termini of the cable were in British
territory, and that in case of war Great Britain
might thus have the whole and sole use of the line;'
and very many of them declared openly that they
viewed with apprehension every attempt to bring
the two continents closer together, as each new bond
would, of course, increase people's indisposition to
fight on both sides of the water, and from reluctance
to fight follows tame and unworthy submission to
insults, lee. Arguments of this sort against all
movements which tend to break down the
barriers which keep nations apart are,
strange as it may seem, nearly as plenti-
ful here as in England, but they have not the
same mass of inert matter, in the shape of mulish,
popular prejudice, to back them up. In spite of the
general rejoteing, however, some little distrust is
still inspired by the absence of all positive intelli-
gence as to the landing of the cable in Ireland. The
Newfoundland line, for some reason or other, is not
working, and hence no intelligence hasbeen received
from Trinity Bay for some days. Some suspicions
are entertained that the interruption of communica-
tion ie intentional, and ia designed by the Directors
of the Company to keep back some leas favourable
intelligence than we have already been led to expect.
The issue, whether successful or =successful, will
be known to you, however, long before this reaches
you so that there is little use in troubling you with
speculations which in three days will not be worth
the paper on which they are wntten.

(leiritt Smith's idiom pted nomination for the
governorship of the State, upon prohibitory liquor
taw and abolition principle., has ended in a meet
lame and impotent manner, u most people expected.
The lust meeting of the " Convention, at Syracuse,
we a scene of great confusion and disorder, though
the attendar.c• was miserably aunty, and at the
close of the proceedings, though the nomination was
made, nothing seems to have been decided, except
that the whole body was utterly incompetent to por-
tions anything it had undertaken. The result must
be a little mortifying for Gerritt Smith himself,
although when it was first proposed to put him in
nomination be expressly declared that he would
have nothing to do with " shame."

The great political event of the weak, however,
bas been the defeat of Blair, the free-soil Meagher of
Compels from St. Louis, the chief city af Missouri.
Next to Kane's, the battle of her sad sben labour
ken within the last three or four yeas beim hatht in
this Stare with much fierceness, and tleaseeeare N=.
eels which has so far attended the farmer hes saiiiled
all the greater exultation at the North and ahem al
the South from the fact that Missouri haa Mamba
bees looked on as one of the firmest bulwarks
" institution." Ten years ego all the labour in it
was done by slaves, but in that interval a gnat
change has taken place in its population as well as
In its wants. A large German ossification has flowed
into it; and the Germans are irreconcilably hostile
to slavery, and are themselves steady and Mdse.
trions beyond any other class of people in the States.
They haze introduced the cultivation of the vise
into Miesoari with great mimes so far, and their
wines, though the enterprise is of course still is its
infancy, already command good prices in the
market. Of cowls*, neither at this nor at say
other branch of agriculture can the slay&
owner compete with them, and their undiaguissd
partiality for freedom renders them deepens
neighbours for anybody in possession of ' rmselly•
(Anglice, discontented) negroes. The result has
been that slavery, by the mere momentum of the
new immigratioc, has been driven into the Western
and Southern counties; the exhausted plantations it
has left behind have been bought up for a trifle by
the persevering and frugal plodders fresh from
Vaterland, and restored to vigour by care and ma-
nure. Moreover, the new corners, finding the soil
and climate amongst the finest in the world, and
finding that the labours of themselves and their
families are insufficient to gather and hoard the
wealth which surrounds them, are naturally anximis
to hire help, and believe that labour could be had
cheaply and abundantly if " niggers" could only be
banished. As a natural result, they are to a
man free-soilere, and each year swells their ranks.
Another important element in the change has been
the growing commercial importance of St. Louis.
The city has now swelled into a great western em-
porium, or one of the leading ports on the kneel,-
aippi. However slave labour may be made to
armorer the demands of a cotton or sugar plantation,
where time, and accuracy, and intelligence are of
comparatively small value, or may be nom sated
for by the energy of an overseer, it is obviously
utterly unsuited to the requirements of commerce.
Merchant*, and shippers, and shopkeepers eentiot
get on with such rude and inefficient aid as slaves
can give, who have no motive for exertion beyond
the fear of the lash. The consequence is that the
city is usenietiskeably free-soil, elected a free-soil
Mayor last year, and swat a MION/lii member to the
House of Representatives. This year great con-
sternation has jut bees sanesd by Mr. Blair's de-
feat, though there gas be no question that
the free-soil cause is steadily increasing, and
that a measure of general emancipation is
acknowledged on all hands to be something which
may now be any day looked for. This untoward re-
sult is ascribed to two eemses—first, the division of
the free eel party through some unexplained reason
into its original elements--Republicans and Ameri-
cans, each party putting a candidate in the field,
while the Democrats were enabled to devote their
whole strength to the support of one; and, secondly,
to the enormous pressure which the administra-
tion was enabled to bring to bear on indifferent or
corrupt voters, owing to the large army and other
'entracte for the Utah expedition, which Sr. all
executed in St. Louie and the neighbourhood. The
scandal and alarm ceased in pro-slavery circles by
the spectacle of a free-soiler sitting in Congress as
the representative of the capital or a slave State
was so great that superhuman exertions were
made to oast him. That this temporary check
will at all affect or delay the final result,
nobody believes, however. Missouri is being won
to freedom by the working of forces in no way
either philanthropical or political, but purely sOpno.
seal The men who are driving slavery over the
border have no fellow-feeling with the fire-esters,
and do not io the least comprehend the point of
Imam which the southern zealots pretend is in-
volved in its maintenance. Coomquent!y, no amount
ef harangues or appeals, or electioneering dodges,
is at all likel'y to make one of the German vine-
growers prefer a system which compels him le
invest twelve hundred dollars to secure the labours
elan man, to as. which procures him a greater
amount of work for case dollar a day.
The ten million loan, the miring of which was
sethmised to meet the falling-off in the revenue,
eased by the panic, seems likely to be taken on
favourable terms; in addition to which, the Customs
receipts are steadily increasing, owing to the revival
nitride.