The Express.
London, England, 1859-10-01 00:00:00

ITALY.

PIFIMONT.

(nor yr% o

ITRIN, STPT. 27.
I etow not the mysteries of Merritt, but than of
Zurich, which are much leen important, are all of •
negative sort. Although the Sardinian government
does not refuse to come to an accommodation with
respect to the immediate results of the war, namely,
the boundaries, the conditions, and the encumbrances
with which Lombardy is to be ceded to it, all the
plenipotentiaries now unite in confessing that not
even this portion of the preliminaries of peace can
obtain a definitive conclusion separately from the
other matters. Besides, how can they agree to refer
the other questions to an European Congress, when
the holding of the Congress itself has not yet been
accepted in principle, and Austria refuses it, or
attaches thereto each conditions as are equivalent
to • refusal ? The fact is, that these peace
negotiations have become a most complicated drama,
and without the advent of • Dew et machine, no-
body can guess at the solotion. This is what might
have been foreseen, after an unexpected and in-
explicable peace, with preliminaries which would
put things beck into a worse condition than that on
account of which the war had been undertaken. And
how should any agreement exist between three
Powers, two of whom an implacable enemies, and
the third, which is Franc., would fain extract from
the preliminaries of Villafranca something which
can De included in them, that is, an apparent
realisation of the famous progrenime, *. Italy free
from the Alps to the Athiatic " Austria, on the
other hand, scarcely conceals her intention to re-
conquer Lombardy, and Piedmont openly lays that
the is pausing, and yielding to necessity, but that
she does not renounce her mend duty of aiding with
all her might the national canoe, and never resting.
long a. an Austrian soldier remains on this ESP
orf the Brenner and the Quern.. Meanwhile,
the soar•e of time and the force of circumstances
impel the Sardinian Ministry to feel more and mere
the value sad the utility of the vote of annexation
peeweessd by the Daehies and by Rommip‘ The
newspapers have already informed yen of Tie se
Emmanuel's reply to the deputies of Romagna. It le
more freak and explicit than had been hoped for,
although I had before told you that it would be se.
Everybody hers agrees in considering that these
words of the King are not less prudent than gents
rotas and firm. It cannot be denied that the fan.
openly shown by the Ministers of Queen Victoria to
the annexation of the provinces of Central Italy hen
given fresh courage to oar statesmen, and if no
foreign violence intervenes to prevent it, they are MP.
solved to pereevere to the end in view, which is the
formation of a great Subalpine kingdom. What
remains wil, be seen by and by.
Meanwhile, in Central Italy a slight divergence
of opinion has arisen. Earns would ban a perfect
political union immediately elated between the
four provinces, under • single bead, who should,
partly by a fiction, and partly is reality, govern in
the name of Victor Ernasnael. Bat Rieemoli, the
head of the Tuscan Government, who is the most
sagacioui and far-seeing of all those now ruling
there, sugges% as 1 mentioned to you in my last
letter but one, that such a course might be preparing
the way for toe construction of a separate kingdom •
of Central Italy. Foe this nano, whilst he consents
to the ►bsolute unity of the military organisation,
and to a clime defensive league between the States,
as well as to assimilate everything as much as pos-
sible between them, he persists in thinking it more
prudent to keep each province separate, so long as
Piedmont shall not be in a satiation to send
thither • High Commissiner and take formal
and complete possession of those territories.
Never.helees, they have agreed together to abolish
passports, to remove the customs barriers, to allow
common rights of citizenship, and other such mea-
sure*. I believe that all difference of opinion even
in the respect will be obviated by the adoption of a
design which ia now being matured, and which is ,
about to be put in execution. In each of the Duchies,
and is Romagna, the Assemblies will be convened
is order to proceed to the election of • regent in the
aame of Victor Emmanuel. Ail the fear Amentblies
will elect the same persoo, and he will be the Prince
Eugene di Carignaco, the King's cousin. This being
officially made known to the Piedmontese Govern-
meat, the latter will consent to the Prince assuming
*hachure imposed upon ►is. May God grant that
no snidest and so absolute veto may be interposed
to prevent the eccomplishmeat of so fair and appro-
priate a design.

The depilation of the &mega°ls remained very
well wished with the King'. reply. This indicates
the precise degree to which the Court of Monte Ca-
cello most he displeased with it. Some think the
Pope will at length discharge a bolt of excommuni-
cation against Vick., Emmanuel. I am not of that
opinion. Not that I believe the Roman prelates
yet understand the age in which they Lye, or that
they are spprehenaive of compromising the cause of
religion by each an act. Ent I imagine they do
set yet think the moment hem arrived for drawing
eat of their arsenal that list and most terrible of
their weapons. Indeed, if Victor Emmanuel should
aetsalsy send and take possession of the Itosiageas,
what could the priests do more ? They will wait,
therefore, as they did with the firm Napoleos, fur
the act of ocespatioo and taking possession. Such
at least I know to be the opinion of Aatoeselli how.
ever, Cardinal Altieri, and many other prelates wit►
Lin. rosin:ails that it is folly to wait until the evil is
eaatirmed, and that no good commander of a gar-
rison would wait for the enemy's entrance into
the tortrew, before he orders the batteries to open
Are. The Pope is better, but not cured. A fort-
light ago he was to have gone to Castel Gandolfo,
and thence to Porto D'Ansio, to inspect a corvette
purchased in England, which, with an old b►ig, sad
two gunboat& chmposee the whole Pontifical navy.
Mot as yet, the Pope remains at ROM!. Fur tie
rest, :he physician have many seriou, apprehensions
shout his condition. Hie obesity continually sag-
meats, and the human of his body tend to corrup-
tion. Cardinal Antonelli is working prodigies to is
creme the army of mercenaries to be employed
against Romagna. He is enlisting a great number
of er,, an, whom he take, from Simple*, his satin
place, and from other suburban district. equally mak
In indigence and linonuice. The eiwiari are meetly
shepherds. who takc that name from the slaps of
their coverin4s. coasoding of a sole tied to the
Boot by think bandages which wind all round the leg•
To these ~...snri Hi. Eminence adds some fellows
taken out tae quo's, and pardoned on condition of
their wren!" as soldiers. Though SOON German
papers hive deh.sd the feet, you may believe for
certain that Austrian soldiers arrive every day at
Ancoes, having been discharged in order to enlist is
the Pepsi service. But on the other side, the male
of the Iloniagnols are considerably augmented by
the volunteers from Venetia, the whole of whose
youth may he said to be upon the move.
Yeverday the British Minister, Sir James Mod-
em. .eft here, having suddenly been sacensemed try
Lord John Ruesell. All the Italians are fell of cam-
tiderxe in the English nation, and in those who at
peseent conauct its diplomacy. A.