The Express.
London, England, 1866-08-30 00:00:00

(asnrss's riusossms.) (mon ors ISPECUL coazzaroirnsev.)
FRANKFORT, KtIGUIrr 27.
THE POLISH INSURRECTION IN SIBERIA
ST. PETERSBURG, Aconer 29. " Frankfort, or the Printer's Delight," should be
Numerous congratulatory addresses to the United ' the title of a treatise which I earnestly request
States embassy are being received here by telegraph some competent person to prepare. How this great
_om the provinces. Official intelligence received bustling city is willing to wait for its diurnal bud-
here from Irkutsk states that the Polish ineurree. get of news until the sun is high in the heavens,
Lion has been completely quelled. The Poles have and the breakfast things have been long cleared
Saes
lost SO killed, 25 wounded, and 483 captured. 170 ay, and how the budget of news, when at
of the rebels are still at large. length distributed, presents a marvellous sameness
I of type with respect to peace negotiations, would
furnish matter for critical disquisition. We have,
I however, this morning a scrap from Dresden of
serious purport, if it be true. Prussia calls for
seven thousand labourers to complete the fortify-
ing of the Saxon capital. King John's indepen-
dence will not, then, greatly burden him.
I made a pilgrimage to Mayence the day before
yesterday, that I might view the relics of an extinct
animal—to wit, of the poor departed German Bend.
Its relics consisted of Nassau, fission, and Bavarian
troops, whose gay uniforms gave the city a holiday
look, and whose variety of costume made these
epees Sale ferelessimpleemsbesislitan wee :sane
the case. • They were not now ecaidered to
be a Federal army, for the Bund was
dead, and their home governments were
either extinguished by force of circumstances,
or were negotiating separately with Prussia. Bet
they had come together as belligerent Federal,
and there remained among them certain waggons
of their military train, which bore the name of a
Federal corps d'arm4e. What did that matter be-
yond assisting me to understand the human relics ?
Nothing at all. I might not believe in the flags,
and the uniforms, and the outward show ; those
waggons would soon be painted a Berlin blue, the
Bavarians would travel southward before many
hours should have passed, the Hessians and men
of Nassau would be transformed into King Wil-
liam's subjects. It was arranged that no shot
should be fired from loophole or bastion ; that the
loopholed walls along the river side and the bastions
which guarded the city from a land attack should
be quietly surrendered ; barracks and sentry-boxes,
cannon and magazines, with all which belongs to a
first-class fortress, were to pass under Prussian con-
trol. There would be an entry of helmeted sol_
disrs, and a hoisting of the plain black and white
flag. No more would be heard, for ever and a day,
of joint occupancy by Austrian and Prussian. The
fiery Hun would henceforward be a stranger in
Moyence ; and as to any peril from the neighbour-
hood of the furious Frank, were not waggons and
gun-carriages to be painted Berlin blue ?
I might not believe in the outward show of the
city, yet it had a holiday look which did not seem
like surrendering in hopeless discouragement.
There were flags on the railway station and flags
on the public buildings, a final display of bright
colours before plain black and white should raper-
vene. Here was the Hessian white and red, there
the Bavarian white and blue, whilst, at a few un-
important places there lingered the tricolour of
the Bund. I paused at a guardhouse, where some
young Hessians were on duty, with pipe-clay belts
and needle guns. They were from Electoral Hesse,
so needs must change their allegiance, and when I
hinted that they were well dressed for the part
which they bad to play—being scarcely distin-
guishable from Prussians—they shrugged their
shoulders and smiled, as though I had paid them a
compliment. Now came sounds of music, and there
was a glitter of many bayonets along the quay.
These light blue costa, black belts, and muzzle-
loading rifles belonged to South Germany. They
were not to be Prussianised yet awhile, which gave
them somewhat of interest. The Bavarians as a na-
tion had miserably failed, had been too late and too
slow, beginning to fight when all was lost. But it
was a battalion of smart active lads fit to redeem
their bad fortune at another time, and to champion
the Southern Bond. I noticed that their cooking
cans were carefully covered with canvas, that their
folded great coats were coiled round the knapsack,
and their bayonet sheaths strapped outside the
scabbard of the useless infantry sabre. They were
in high spirits at the prospect of so soon seeing
their friends, and when, after crossing the bridge
of boats to Kastel, they were dismissed on the
garrison exercise ground, their merriment broke
forth with plentiful jokes and laughter. " Yes,
we are glad to go," said a sergeant with whom I
spoke ; " what could our small States do against
Prussia, after Benedek's defeat I But, look you,"
he added, "it was not the small ones of the North
that beat ns. Mecklenburg and Brunswick would
have counted for nothing had Benedek marched
into Berlin."
Amongst much of outward show and which I might
not believe, and of holiday making which covered
popular discomfort, there was one noticeable thing
in Mayence as contrasted with Dresden, with
Prague, or even with Frankfort. In those cities
I had seen what was an armed occupation by
moderate well-disciplined conquerors. In Mayenoe
1 saw a friendly force mixing with friendly citizens.
There were pleasanter smiles for officers and men
Tim BLOCKADE OF MATAMOROS.—President from young persons of low degree, whilst zubetan-
Jeheeeehms lamed thefellewing pinekmation„.. wheeese tial tradespeople had a good word to say for their
a war is existing in the republic of Mexico, Kara, unlucky defenders. "We are sorry that they
voted by foreign military intervention ; and whereas must leave us," was the common expression, and
the United States, in accordance with their settled habits 1 romps there was added in a half whisper, " We
and ale • neutral power is regard to the war I don't want the Prussians. We wish the city were
which thus afflicts the republic of Mexico ;and whereas
in the I not a fortress, then we should be left alone." But
it his become known that one of the belligerents
said, the Prince Maximilian. who worts an old bridgeman, whose common sense prevailed
THEPROVINCIAL HISTORY of ENGLAND war,
N SATURDAY, September 1 oral appear the • himself to be Emperor in Mexico, has issued a decree in 1 over his "sectional" feelings, if he had any, told
TAM, the first of series of era
oa the la
regard to the port of Matamoros and other Mexican ports me that he hoped that his children would not see
of England—the geoagraphy of the "west country "—to be con- I which are in the occupation and possession of another of another German war. " Let us have one folk !" he
Unnod weekly. or at short intervuta r. introductory Ara le to
VA&rated ln.the SPECTATOR or the llth inst—Kcay be the said belligerents, namely, the United States of Mexico, I cried, " north and south. No Bund here, and
Mum torsi and "nsagentn In town and muntrr- or which decree is in the following words :—The port of 1
7d. co, 1, Wellington-street, Strand. Price 6d., I Bun,' there. That will only lead to more trouble.
Matamoros and all those of the northern frontier which
have withdrawn from their obedienee to the go- I 'Take it yourself --should I say to the Emperor—
bpat
THE SPECTATOR, a high-clan Newspaper, ' vernment are closed to foreign and coasting traffic 'if you can, or else let Prussia have it all., "
4,I7IIi.STATUIRstAsYd7TCIIIII Of
.4u7hrigtZt.:;YeldZ! during such time as the law of the empire shall not be This city of Frankfort has much to lose, Or rather
osa
_hr post y had of all news o'golitg, dim" fag fit therein reinstated. Art. 2. Merchandise I'D:weeding, from • has lost much, by the changes of the last few weeks.
vises 1, Mell4ton street. Stra said ports on arriving at any other where the excise of
the empire is collected shall pay the duties on importation, Besides its actual payment of military requisitions
ASE.PLANCHE on the BAYEUX TAPESTRY introduction, and consumption, and on satisfactory Proof I besides the quartering of troops and the seizure of
SYDNEY poyince Drumm at ima
In of contravention shall be irremissibly confiscated. Our
n•wokhis—Two Sne Views of the General Pest-odßos now in Ministerof the Tressury is eharged`with the punctual execn. horses by the conquerors on their first arrival,
cense of erection In Sydney New South Woks ; Paper by Mr. Mono( this decree. Givenat Mexioothe9thday of July, 1566. Frankfort has suffered deadly blow to its politi-
Yharlethe
Ardoinerset Herald, oni the Bayeux Tapestry ; Parrs on and. whereas the decree thus recited, by declaring
a I Cal greatness. There was a time, not long since—
tectu e City of London Battle Ansley, nisei: belligerent blockade unsupported by competent military Or • •
worthing and About; Lake Dwellings ; the Commisioners of naval fears, is in violation of the neutral rights of the to which I alluded in my last letter—when she
?aloft*, and vszioas other subjects, with =ate news.
del United States as defined by the law of nations, as well as
• or, 11 Post. York-etreet, Ooven sod an seemed about to become the capital of a new Ger-
lof the treaties existing between the United States of I .
-
therefore, I, Andrew Johnson, President of the Unite) I princes met together for the christening feast, there
DIECOYERY OF Husow RlMAlNS.—Considerable ' Stake, do hereby proclaim and declare that the aforesaid sort of fairy godmother (residence,
excitement has just been caused by the discovery between decree is held and will be held by the United States to be was
.6 grim
Alton and Farnham of Seine curious arcbseologioai remains, absolutely null and void as against the government and Berlin) who would not come, and who has now
sionsisting chiefly of human and other bones and impls- citizens of the trained States, and that any attempt which i spoiled all the fun. From August, 1863, to An-
emia of war. Portions of no less than 10 skeletons have shall be made toenforee the same against the government
hem excavated, together with several b and • or citizens of the United States wm be disallowed. In gust, 1866, will measure • melancholy descent for
Ornaments, the ribs and bead of a horse, several arrow wituees whereof I have hereunto set my hand and caused Frankfort. The free city has been annexed, the
heads of iron or steel, and four swords with cross hilts., one the seal of the. United States to be affixed. Done at the ; •
awe
is broken. There was also a mosile, or hone Sty of Washington, the 17th day of August, in the year possible capital of forty million souls has become a
at
asehlace. on being exposed to air, the bones crumbled to of our Lord 1866, and of the independence of the United Prussian frontier town ; diplomats—resident dipk-
ao
gut. The remains have been womanised to lislsag to the States of America the ninety-first.—Airrnonr Jonirsoa. mete I mean—will no longer drive roundthe shady
13th century, probably about tie reign of Henry 111. oc his By the President. William H. Seward, Secretary of ' of the
city ; German etatemen wai
MOCCOOOr. State.*

ARTIFICIAL TEETH, 291, REGENT-1
STRELT.—Yainful Teeth or Diseased Stumps extracted
without pain.—No Chlorofonu, and perfectly safe. Mr. DAY
(many years with Mr. Eakell, Dental Surgeon, of 8 Grosvenor-
street, W.', guarantees perfect freedom from pain in this or any
other dental operation. Exquisitely enamelled artificial teeth,
unsurpassed for comfort, appearance, and durability, made and
fitted In a few hours when required. Consultations free ; moat
moderate terms.-291, Regent-street Wee doors from the Poly-
technic,.

DELLCATE and CLEA.P. COMPLEXIONS,
a delightful and luting Tragrence, by using the
aelebrated I ICED SERVICE SOAP TABLETS, ad. and dd.
each.—Manufactured by J. C. and 1. YIELD, Upper Ranh,
Lambeth. Order of your chemist, grow. or chandler.

rinBEST REMEDY for Indigestion, Bilious
d Liver Complaints, FRAMTION'S TILL of HEALTH
bid by all Medicine Vendors, at Is lid. and b Yd. par boa; or
obtained through any Chemist.

-FIR. SCOTT'S BILIOUS and LIVER PILLS,
a never falling remedy, prepared without any mercurial
ler Mlent, will be found Invaluable to all who suffer from bilious
lied Liver complaints. indigestion, wind, spasms, giddiness, dirsi-
Ism of the eyes, Lc. For habitual costiveness, as a family
aperient methane, and as a perigee of the blood, they are truly
gallant null in their operation and grateful to the stomach,
Ihey create appetite, promote digestbon, and strengthen the
irbole nervous system—Sold by W. lambert, chemist, 8, Hlni
Irilthimetreet, Charing-cross, and by most druggists, in boxes,
tid. and three times the quantity In one, te. Id. Be sure to
mit for Dr. Scott's Bilious and Liver Pills. The genuine are in
ignore green package, with " William Lambert" engraved on the

TOZEAU'S COPAIIINE MEGE, the only
French preparation adopted by the ?turfs Academy and
London College of Surgeons on the report of Messrs. Warier,
bawd, Lloyd. Poland and Legroe Clark (" Lancet," Nor. 6.
U 52 cares in an avenge of six days either recent or chronic—
le. Gal., at O. JOZBAI.III, French choral* 49.1laymarket. Pod
fro on receipt of ts. ed.

INVIOORATIVE NERVENE ESSENCE. I
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We cordial ever introduced restores to their normal condition
all the secretions, on the integrity of which perfect health do-
c.:1:lt is a specific for debility of all kinds, and from its con-
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will prove highly beneficial to the
sotnery fordsanptic. Price
It per bottle, or four outwitted
Ytwa BAUIdOAIITEN and Co. 520 Oxfordotritsk W.C., a
L Callum-street. Fenchurch-street. s.d. London.

ARTEMIJS WARD in LONDON.
see " MICH."

(TROY A CORRISPOIDILTO
There has been much discussion about the famous
rasdle-gun, its efficiency, and it, iaysator. I have
been at some pains to ferret out the truth. For
than five years I have bad otportanitiee
esnisthur sd its porta, at Inaxemlnarg. Treves,
Mayence, end Frankfurt, and very often have at-
tended the instruction of the Prussian recruits in
the use of that arm, and their continued ball practice.
The Prussians have no regard to economy in their ball
practice (as in England), considering the great rue of a
soldier is to hit his enemy. Their drill in this is so oce.l
tinuous, that even if the needle-gun had been an inferior
arm, it would !ruin this circumstance have been a fomel
dable weapon. The first great defect that occurred to me I
was the impossibility of preventing the soldier from 11
firing away his ammunition too quickly. With all its dr I
facts however the needle-gun proved superior to any mueske
loader, bet it was certainly not efficient at more than 1109
paces. The men who may use it in action must be kept at
such continuous employment that they have not time to 1
think of fear on the field. But it requires frequent eleaushig,
sad, though simple to the eye, its machinery is se
(rated, that if the metal once gets rusty, its backward
and forward movement in loading will become difficult. The
needle-gun is not adapted for the rough usage of a long
eampaign in the hands of fatigued soldiers. It was used
with great efficacy at Duppel, but there the soldiers were
close to their quarters, and could clean their firelocks every
evening. Even in the last war of some weeks' duration,
the troops were near to towns and villages, so that
after some nights' bivouac they could put their firelocks in
order. But the Prussians themselves must be well aware
of this very great defect of the needle-gun, as those
regiments which came to Frankfort, after being in the
field, had to parade three or four times • day, and
whether in heavy marching order, or at muster or roll
calk, or in fatigue jackets, each soldier had in his hand his
firelock for inspection of officers and non-commissioned.
For some years there was a difficulty in getting • sight of
the machinery of the needle-gun, but now all are proud to
show it, still trying, however, to keep up the mystery of
the composition of the cartridges. Its history is this. Be-
tween 1846 and 1848 some of the present needle-guns were
being manufactured at the Royal Arsenal in Berlin. During
the revolution there in 1848 the Royal arsenal was plun-
dered by the mob, and it is just possible, but not probe-
ble, that one or two needle-guns might have been stolen.
In the spring of 1849 work was scarce in Berlin. A
gunsmith came to Frankfort and applied to a mer-
chant, • native of Berlin, for employment. While
there he described the needle-gun, its rapidity
of fire, and the component parts of the cartridge (so long
called a secret). At this time Archduke John of Austria
was in Frankfort, in the expectation of being declared
Emperor of G•ll3lAny. The merch.ant communieated with
ore of the Archduke's staff, saying that the workman
from Berlin, who was now with him, was the brother-in-
law of Dreyse, the inventor of the needle-gun (now Herr
iron Dreyes). At the request of Archduke John the mer-
chant started for Berlin, returning shortly with • first-rate
needle-gun and the requisite ammunition. He showed it to
the Archduke, and offered to supply any quantity, with
requisite ammunition, to the Austrian army, but his high-
ness expressed his opinion that it was far inferior to the
Austrian musket; however, be purchased the needle-gun.
The entry in the merchant's book is 3rd September,
1849. "Archduke John, • firearm, 53 thaler," (being
between 71. sada sterling). There is in Frankfort &collector
of ancient arms, Armour, &c., • Mr. J. H. Benack, No. 9,
Graben Geese. I give his address,as it may be valuable to
amateurs or gunsmiths. He has in his possession a double-
barrelled fowling piece, loading in a peculiar manner at
the breech, and firing with the pressure of a needle. The
cartridge, which is before me, has powder and No. 4 shot
together, and is enclosed in a peculiar paper. This double
barrel was made in 1842. Bens& has also in his possession
• curious old firelock with the date 1718. It opens at the
breech by • joint (hinge), into which goes a movable
iron chamber bolding the cartridge, exactly resembling the
chamber of the needle-gun. This firelock, with bayonet on
a hinge at the muzzle, weighs about 91b. or 101 b. It is
fired by the old lock, dog flint and pan. If Mr. Dreyse
had seen a firelock of this description between 1842 and
1846, the advance to the present needle-gun for ball is very
easily explained. The rapidity of the fire of the needle-gun,
and the fall of their comrades exposed to it, threw a
sort of panic among the Austrians as they advanced to the
charge, such as was exhibited by the English troops when
first opposed to the shouting, springing, screaming of the
Highlanders in 1745, as with their shields and claymores
they advanced to the charge. But at the battle of Cul.
loden the Duke of Cumberland turned these manceuvrea
upon themselves, allowing them to advance to
within twenty paces, when the English shot them
down in ranks. But except behind defences, the
needle-gun is most formidable, and when a Panic
once gets among troops it is difficult to stop
it. It is stated that the Prussians have • certain
panic when exposed to the fire of the Bavarian Podowill
ball, the invention of a colonel in that army. The ball is
said to be true up to 1,800 yards. It is on the expansive
system. A Prussian officer assured me that a wound in
the body from this ball is considered by the Prussian
soldiers as mortal. The Bavarian government is busy con-
verting this morale-loader into a breech-loader. In the
Seven Years War the Prussians used a firelock firing six
times in the minute. In 1775 the Swedish colonel,
am Fleng, presented a firelock to the King, the bayonet
doing the duty of a ramrod, about 101bs. weight,
and firing 18 shots • minute. The Chassepot system,
now approved of for the French army, fires
18 shots or more per minute. The correspondents of the
Prussian army speak in great praise of the system of sup.
plying ammunition in action, but old British officers must
recollect the excellent system of reserve ammunition
carried on mules in the rear of their regiments. The
Prussians have two small cartouche-boxes fixed on a belt
to their front, each carrying twenty rounds, and indite
their packs they have sixty rounds, much more i,noonve-
nient than the small pocket at the outside corner of
the French knapsack. The needle-gun of the Prussians did
a great deal, but the energy of their superior officers, andthe
judicious use of the railways, combined with their wonderful
improved system of field telegraphy, did snore. The
Prussian telegraph corps are most admirable, one to each
corps d'artnee, with 12 waggons carrying all material.
Each division of their army has a detachment of gen-
darmes, men of Herculean strength, with horses strong
enough to carry them—a corps worthy of being imitated in
the British barytes.

Quzziorrovriv Ammar 29.—The Inman deem-
ship Etna, from New York on the 18th inst., arrived hare
at 7.30 p.m. to-day, with 4,0001. in spode and 257 pas.
=
a. She landed 79 pemengers at port, and pro-
for liverpool at 7.45 p.m.
SOUTHAMPTON, AUGUST 29. —The North German
Lloyd steamer New York, Captain Ernst. from New York
on the 18th Met., has arrived here with 56 hap of mails
sad 83 passengers for this port, do
Bremen, and Havre. She
bringet,2o dole. in spools for England, and 2,000 ls.
for
LONDON GUNZNAL Oxman' CostrAtrir (Litman).
—Traffic receipts for week ending nugget 25, 11,911 E.
13a. lAL