The Express.
London, England, 1860-06-01 00:00:00

. TEE EXPRESS, PRIDAY

the Commissioners at Shanghai, that hie Majesty
had decided on closing to twerps Envoys al
natural and most convenient highway to his capital.
The port of Peh-tang was never named by the
Commissioners, who allowed him to quit Shanghai,
in total ignorance of the Emperor's objection to his
employment of the usual river route. Proceeding
then to speak of Taku and what took place there,
he says :

A like silence on the 'abject of the imperial prohibition
was observed toy/aids Admiral Hope, commander-in-chief
of her Majesty's naval forces in these seas, when, in fur-
therance of the objects made known to his Excellency
Kwelliang in the letter above cited, he appeared on the
17th June at the mouth of the river to announce the
aproach of the undersigned and his colleague the minister
of-France. The admiral wee smeared that the peonage had
been closed by the so-called militia, whom he found in
charge of the booms obstructing it, without the orders of
their gaverument, none of whose officers, the militia re-
peatedly afirmed, were near the spot ; also that it was
closed, not against foreigners, bat against a native enemy.
These false representations were supported by false
appearances ; the batteries of the forts were masked ; no
banners were displayed ; no soldier discovered himself.
Still farther to prevent verification of the statements of the
militia, no communication was allowed with the shore.
After promising to remove the obstacles at the river mouth,
the militia repudiated the promise. They conducted them.
selves with rudeness and violence to the officers who were
sent to speak with them, in one instance proceeding so far
as to threaten the life of a gentleman despatched with a
Doessege from the admiral.
Bach was the state of things when the undersigned
arrive: olitawle the bar on the 20th of June. Finding
that the officials persisted in keeping aloof, while the
militia continued to assert that the obstruction of the
river way was their own unauthorised act, he called on the
Admiral to take such steps as would enable him to reach the
capital by the time appointed. This, after due notice given
to the militia, and after receiving from them an assurance
on the previous evening that they should certainly have
nothing further to communicate, the Admiral was
log to effect, on the 25th of June, the eighth day =do
arrival, when the forts, which had been for these eight days
to all appearances deserted, suddenly opened fire upon his
squadron. Apparently to cover this treacherous conduct,
the officers in charge of the forts have imposed another
fiction on his Imperial Majesty, who has been led to believe
that the British squadron assruned the offensive by born.
herding the forts. This is utterly without foundation : no
thot was fired until the batteries had opened ; the ships
having no other object in advancing but to remove the ob-
stacles placed across the river without authority.

Upon the basis of this history Mr. Bruce proceeds
to found the following Ultimatum :

Her Britannic Ma_ )esty's goveniment, after mature de.
liberati.in, have doodad that whether the Emperor of China
was cognisant of this act of hostility, or whether it was
directed by his officers, it is an outrage for which the
Chinese government must be held responsible. Her Bri-
tannic Majesty's government require, therefore, an imam•
diet* and unconditional acceptance of the following terms :
1. That an ample and satisfactory apology be made for
the act of the troops who Bred on the ships of her Britannic
Majesty from the forts of Taku in June last, and that 111
puss sad material, as well as the ships abandoned oa that

R. That the Teti/lattices of the treaty of Tien•taie be ex.
changed without delay at Peidu ; that when the minister
at her Britmanicpermitted to Majesty premeds to Pekin for that ma-
ce, be be premed the riverto
city at Timetain in a British aimed ed ; and that proviics
be made by the Chinese authorities for the conveyance of
and of his suite with due bosoms from that city to
_ _

& That full effect be given to the =minim of the said
trend= including a satisfactory arrangement to be made
fartilia=pt payment of the indemnity of 4x000,000 Les,
win the treaty, for lamer and military expenses
cm the British governing= by the of the
Casks =amities.

The mademigued is further directed to date that, to arm
=21..A1 the attempt made to shairmst ii:C112:4111! the
to Paidn, the u ho.
tw77soWliri of El& sod made
eamoiselasses in
Orisber, 18M, with nips* te the rearleoce of the British
animistic in China, is at as sad, sod that it rest. bescefor•
ward exclusively with horßritannie Majesty, in acconlaoce
with the terms of Artists 11. of the treaty of Tien•tain, to
amide whether or lot the shall inatruct her minister to take
bia olio* pormamintly at Pekin.
The odors hos further to observe that the outrage
ait the Nib° has compelled her Majesty's government to In.
mews her forces in China at a considerable cost, and the
ammtribution that may be required from the Chinese govern.
treat towards debaring this expense will be greater or lees
seconding to the ptitude with which the demands
above lode aneslfeied in full by the imperial government
The has only to add that, unless he receives,
withis• of thirty days from the dated this oommu.
alma^ a reply conveying the unqualified ament of his
Majenty the Imperorof China to these demands, the British
navel mod military authorities will proceed to adopt such
miellinfell as they may deem adviaable for the purpose of
mmapelling the Emperor of China to observe the engage.
Mt. contracted for him by his plenipotentiaries at Tian.
OM, and approved by his imperial edict of July, 1858.

This document having been forwarded through
Ho, the imperial oommissioner at Shanghse, eli-
cited on the 9th of April the following reply, in
the form of a letter from the Great Council to Ho.

Decree.
The Great Council writes a reply (to the Commissioner
Ho, which be is) to trananit
The council received yesterday (or, • abort time since) •
despatch from the coannimioner, and with it • communi-
cation he had forwarded from the British Minister Bruce,
the contents of which have occaaioned the council the
greatest ast..m is h ment.
He states, for instance, that Peh-tang was never alluded
to by the imperial commissioners, Kweiliang and his, col-
leagues. It appears that last year the imperial eocrimis-
wooers, Kweiliang and his colleagues, waited for the British
minister at Shanghee for the express purpose of considering
with him in person all the conditions proper to an exchange
oetreatiai On ascertaining that the minister Bruce had
arrived at Wu-song, they wrote to him several
times to engage him to meet them ; their object
being, in fact, to acquaint him that Taku was
fortified (or, that arrangements bad been made for keeping
people out of Take), and that be must go by way of Peh-
tang. He, however, repelled them, refusing them an in-
terview. The imperial commissioner., Kwediang and his
colleagues, moreover, informed him that Tamale of war
must on no account cross the bar ; but the British minister,
Bruce, paid so attention to these words ; and when, on
arriving off the Tiendain coat (or, the port or ports of
Tien-tdra), Haag, Governor General of Chih-li, despatched
an officer with a communication to the effect that be was
to
P:iartice by w►y of Peh-4wg, and sent
htta present of
rouratzerevevessels into Taku, and (commenced) destroying
the apparatus there placed. How can lie allege
that he sew received the slightest intimation that he was
to go by Nhiang? And as he was coming to exchange
beetles, why did he bring with him ships-of-war! It was
tudimhiesilisitieunt to pick
his ) actraartrr:ll. Howm then (when
towards him?

--TivediTieoces at Taira are not, either (as he im-
Plies). Ore,' to keep out the British. Suppose that
some other nation's ships-of-vier were to go to the length of
presenting themselves under British colours, could it be left
to them to commit any breach of propriety they phased?
Well, thee, the defences of Taku cannot poodle!), he ree
moved, even when the treaty shall have been ex
(Then the demand fur) indemnity under different
and for the restitution of guns, arms, and vessel; is
more against decorum. The war expenses of China have
been enormous. The cost of defending the coast from
Kwang.tung and Fith-kien up to Tien-Min, from first to
led, has not been short of several millions of money. Were
she to demand repayment of England, England would find
that her expenses do not amount to the half of those of China.
As to restoring ships and guns, the year before last Eng-
land destroyed the forts at Taku, and obtained possession
of a number of guns belonging to China ought she not,
then, 4111 her pert to he consideriog how to make these
good? But, besides this, half the British ships and guns
(demanded) were sunk in the sea : they are not in the par
armies of China at all. The question may be dropped,
therefore, by both parties alike.
Then there is (the announcement that) the compromise
by which, the treaties once exchanged (the minister) was
to have resided somewhere else, is at an end. The compro-
mise by which once the treaties were exchanged (the
minister) was either to select some other place of resident*
or to visit (the capital) whenever there might be business
of importance transact, was definitely settled by the
British minister Elgin in negotiation with the imperial com-
missioner Kweiliang and his colleagues. The revocation of
this compromise now (anaminced) is even more unreasonable
(than all the other pmpositions).
Last year when, after the Americans had exchanged their
trusty, there was an alteration in the rate of tonnage dues,
and the ports of Tai-wan and Chang-chow (Swatow) were
opened to trade, the British minister earnestly preyed for
a like arrangeineut (in his favour). The English burl not
eschewed their treaty, but his Majesty the Emperor, libe-
ral to foreign nations, and fall of tender consideration for
the interests of commerce, gracionsly sanctioned au exten•
lies of the boon to the English. for which they should be
equally grateful (%). But if the compromise duly nego-
tiated is to be annulled, there will be nu impropriety on the
part of China if she cancel the arrangement by which she
ha. conceded to the English (the same advantage of) the
improvements in tonnage dues and trade that accrues to the
Americans under their treaty.
To 001110 to the (British minister's) request to be treated
with courtesy when he comes north to exchange tradition
If be be semen in his desire for peace, let the commie-
siOlero when he shall have thought over all the details of
the treaty, those which it will be proper to give effect to,
soil those respecting which compromise (or arrangement)
is to he made, negotiate (with the British minister), and,
where both parties shall be perfectly agreed, if he will earns
north without vessels of war, and with a moderate retinue,
and will wait at Peh.tang to exchange the treaties, China
will not Mks him to task for what has gone by. He moat

be weaned to acquallet himse with the rules (observed or
Undo* at the eashange of the Anieriean trilogies, and
the cause to be marine will be further discussed with him
(by the eammimiower). But Vhe be resolved to bring
oti . Intlaber at mule et war, and if he per-
use-la proceeding by way ef Baku, this srfll show
that his true purpose is not the mirage of treaties, and
it must be left to the high officer in char of the ooast (or
port) defences to take such Mops ea ahalC be thereby rea-
dered (lit., u shall accord with navvy).
The &switch written on thin comics (by the British
minister) is, in much of its language, too insubordinate and
extravagant (for the Gamed) to disease lie proposition
more than superficially (lit., to go deep into argument).
For the future, he must not be so wanting in decorum.
The above remarks will have to be communicated by the
commissioner to the British minister, whom it will behove
not to adhere obstinately to his opinion, u, so doing, he will
give COON to much trouble hereafter.
A necessary communication.

By this reply the Chinese Government not only
refuses any apology or expression of regret for the
treacherous conduct at the mouth of the Peiho last
year ; it refuses permission to ascend the Tien-
tsin river, and directs Mr. Bruce to proceed, not
to Pekin, but to Peh-tang, there to await the ex-
change of the ratifications ; stating that if he
attempted to go by way of Taku. the officer in
charge of the forte will be called on to act. It re-
fuses to restore the guns or ships abandoned
at the mouth of the river, or to con-
sider the payment of an indemnity, and
refers Mr. Brace authoritatively to the regulations
laid down for the reception of the American
mission last year, ►ppearing to hint at the same
time that these may be in some degree modified in
discussion with Ho, but instructs Ho that before
the British plenipotentiary is allowed to proceed to
the north he is to go over the Elgin treaty, and
consider what parts of it are to stand and what be
eliminated or modified.

Respecting the justification of the "resistance to
our advance to Tientsin offered in the Chinese
reply, Mr. Bruce observes :

It appears that the determination to resist by force any
attempt of the foreign missions to approach Pokin by the
Peibo had been communicated some mouths previously to
the Ituseian government ; in the letters addressed to me and
my colleagues by the commissioners at Sbangbae not a word
was said of any such intention, and the same silence on this
point was observed to Mr. Ward in their personal inter-
course with him. The last letter to me merely intimated •
wish that the vessels should anchor outside the bar, at the
mouth of the Tientsin river (the Peiho). Admiral Hope
did, in the first instance, anchor his squadron at Sha-liu-tien,
thirty miles off, and appeared outside the bar with a
steamer and two gunboats, despatc.hiNg his gig, with an
officer and interpreter, over the bar to communicate to the
authorities in charge the approach of the allied ministers,
and to request that they might be allowed to proceed up the
river. lie was assured no officer was on the spot, but the
east actor informed him that the obtacles would be re-
moved within three days. When on acoount of the exposed
' nature of the anchorage be moved the smaller gunboats
over the bar, he notified that the squadron would remain
there during my absence at the capital, and requested that
the men might be allowed to land for supplies of water and
provisiona.
I have no doubt that the instructions to the commis-
sioners were to delay us at Shanghae, and that Peb-tang
was as afterthought. Their letter, in the plumage above
referred to, especially mentions my " arrival at the mouth
of the Thu-tarn river;" and we now know that the stream
which dehonthes at Pah-tang has no oonnexion whatever
with the Tien•tsin neer or Peiho. Moreover, Hang,
the Governor-General's, proposal was, that I should wait in
the bay until the garrison was withdrawn from Par-tang,
•to•rations having evidently been made for my reception
or Journey, although his letter wee dated only three days
ore the expiration of the term fixed for the exchange of
the ratification. I know from indisputable authority that
Hang himself, the General commanding, and the Intendant
of Men-tale were present at Taku at the time when the
people were instructed to deny that there was any officer
whatever on the spot, and while they were threatening with
violence the persons we sent on shore to enter into comnau-
nication with the authorities, and to endeavour to obtain in-
formation as to the intentions of the Cilium, government.
Their conduct was unjustifiable, even according to Chinese
customs ; for, from time immemorial, it has been laid dos o
as the ,tnty of frontier authorities to advise all comers of
any prohibitions that may exist.
As regards the proposal to exchange the treaty at 'Vi-
ten after further discussion of its provisious, it proceeds
not from caprice but from policy ; and it is one of the
etrongrit proofs to my mind of the determination of the im-
perial government to confide the management of foreign
affairs, as hitherto, exclusively to • provincial authority.
These papers appear to destroy the last hope of
any amicable settlement of our differences with
China. Our plenipotentiaries, in all their inter-
course with the Chinese, seem fated never to find
that broad ground of common interests which must
exist between the two nations, and which, even if
they are knaves and liars, as we are never tired of
calling them, should bind them to peace. Hitherto
the "signal lesson" plan has signally failed, as it
always must do when that alone is relied on. If
we are not to have continual war with China, we
must either find out on what terms the Chinese
will readily hold intercourse with us, or obtain
from them the means of defraying the expense of a
permanent coercive force in their waters.

We (Plymouth Journal) have received a letter
oontaining the following from a correspondent :—" There
was a long debate last night at the Union Club, Oxford, on
Garibaldi, and bad you heard the opinions expressed, and
witnessed the general enthusiasm on his behalf, you would
bare thought highly of Oxford. Two coneervatire oppo-
nents only could be found, and these were almost hissed
and shouted down ; so, after all, Oxford is rather enthu-
siastic in the Italian cause, and shows it by the subscrip-
tion actually going ma for Sicily. Some of the dons are
even collecting subsaiptioos."

The Malta Times, of the 24th ult., in alluding
to the departure for London of Sir Gaspard Le Marchaat,
the Governor, says :—" We understand that one chief
object of his visit to England is to determine the question
of the proposed great harbour improvements, respecting
which there has been some difference of opinion between
the Treasury and parliament, and which he hopes by a
personal explanation to remove. His leave is only for one
mouth or six weeks, during which the civil ►nd military
government of the island devolves on Major-General
Warren, the senior riser is prison."

The directors of the Cologne and Minden Rail-
way are about to erect edema statues of the King of
Panda and the Prince Regent at the gate; of the railway
bridge ever the Rhine, and the models prepared by the
seulpiara, MX Drake and Miser, have been approved.
The statues will be in bronze, IN feet high, and will be on
pedestals of 18 feet. It is intended to ornament the bridge
with various other works of art

Parisot, the founder and proprietor of the
large reedy-made clothes establishment known as the
Belle Judiniare [the French " Moose and Sou,"] whose
funeral was celebrated with great pomp k few days since
at Notre• Dame, has left by his will 600,000er. to
found an asylum for poor workpeople. Though M.
Pariasot ultimately acquired a large fortune, he was un•
ancoessfid at his outset in life, and even became bankrupt.
Some years after, however, he devoted 700,000 fr. to the
payment in full of his old creditors, both principal and
interest, and was in consequence hooourably rehabilitated
by the tribunals.

The Opinion of Turin announces that Father
Protegn, a Jesuit, and two of hi companions, have been
arrested at Turin, and all their papers seized, together
with a slant el 40,000 fr. found in their possession.

The following letter from Settembrini appears in
the limiest of Flumes :—" I have a debt, and I know
not how to repay it in part, unless I beg you to insert
these few lines in your journal. On the 18th of this
month my wife and daughters came from Naples to Leg-
horn, with a peat deal of luggage. The porters at the
Marine Railway station of Leghorn, on seeing the wo.
men, and knowing they were an exiled family, would
not be paid, and refused some forty francs, which would
have been their for. Signor Enrico Bini, who kindly took
oars of my family, could scarcely ioduce them to accept
seven francs. And one of the generous fellows said, 'lf
we only had a franc in oar pockets, we should not take
this.' I therefore wish those noble Livornese faochinl to
haw that that war my family, th►t I thank them, and
shall always remember their kindness, and I hope tome day
to press those hard hands of theirs, sanctified by labour.—
USN BnTrtutann."

On Tuesday last the Rev. Rowland Ingram,
M.A., wee instituted to the Nweeery of Little Minibus
with Great Effingham annexed, in Nerfpiki GC hie own
pietas+. On the someday the Rev. John Bellriwy Gilbert,
8.A., was instituted to the Rectory of (hatley in the same
county, on the presentation of William Alexander Gilbert,
Seq., at the wee place.

U, J

"AA 47,7-1400.
14 1860.

LATEST INTELLIGENCE.

THE INSURRECTION IN SICILY.
The Paris Moniteur of this morning publishes
the following despatch :

" NAPLES, MAY 30.

" Garibaldi entered Palermo on the 27th. Ile
is master of the greater part of the town. The
troops were concentrated in the castle. A bom-
bardment immediately commenced. Fires broke
out in several parts of the town. Garibaldi
attacked the castle at noon of the 28th of May."

Another telegram received in Paris states that
Garibaldi put himself at the head of his
men, and, bearing in his hand the na-
tional flag, led them on amid the , fire,
and penetrated into the centre of the city, where he
established his head-quarters. The loss on both
sides is stated to be great. The fire from the forts
appears to have been protested against by the
foreign Consuls. '

TURIN, THURSDAT.

The following details of Garibaldi's attack on
Palermo have been received from a reliable
source :

At four o'clock in the morning of the 27th inst.
Garibaldi attacked Palermo on the mouth aide. A
desperate combat ensued, and lasted six hours.
The people made themselves masters of all parts of
the town south of the Strada di Toledo.

A terrible bombardment was opened by sea and
land, notwithstanding which the people continued
to fight. The troops retired within the Royal Pa-
lace, the Custom-house, and the Castle, and hosti-
lities were suspended from ten until twelve o'clock,
when the struggle recommenced with greater des-

peration. The royal palace was taken by the people,
and in the evening was burnt down.
Other towns in Sicily have risen, the inhabitanta
everywhere shouting " Italy for ever 1 Victor Em-
manuel for ever !"

M•T 31.

A letter from Genoa states that Garibaldi has
ordered the formation of eight regiments of infan-
try in Sicily to take rank after the Piedmontese
infantry.
The Levant steamer is expected with news from
Messina.