The Express.
London, England, 1860-02-25 00:00:00

THE EXPRESS, SATURDAY EVENING, FEBRUARY 25, 1860.

saispies. Hs maintrised that the was duties were, to ere
the words of the mem& Cheese Hoe of the ladefereee es •
hems common, " • seemed Ito our tariff." Thm kept oar
products out of ainsiesths of the markets of strops, mid
they ought to be missed lot merely on Mandel bat also on
sanitary and moral geresee. Hen. gentiemen opposite said
Het wine was • fumy. That wee Meanie they had mods
It one by examive tematione TM duty on low.cisesid
Sines mounted to 260 per coat., while that on high-classed
wines was only 23 per satas the value. Thus, having male
it impossible for the mom Misses of this country to purchase
wish Hon. members tamed rotted upon them, and said
they ill sot meat ft because It was a luxury. (Hear, hear.)
This objection was very well answered Is the report of Lord
Clialsea--• report whisk be must say did that table ladgreat honour, and fully jeatiffed the late Cherwell°, of the
Izebermer for having placed him fe the_ posoias that he did.
thought
. " He was reoellod.7) He (Mr. B. Wens)
d.")
the noble lord was verT4llitreated is that respect,
sue had a motion bem ht forward to that
effect he would have support ft. Lord Chelsea
pointed out in his elaborste report that is the seventh
maguey wteaten bread ma • luxury and gave convincing
proses that it was by • system of excessive taxation that wine
Mil hem made one. (Hite, bear) In the year 1689 so
peat wee the taste for French wines that an act of patho-
gens: wee paned to prohibit any commerce with France for
three yenta, it being declared in the act that the demand for
Ptesch wises was se peat that it bad injured the revenue of
the country. Ia M`Culloch's "Commercial Dictionary"
the wee a very =IOU account of the effect of the Methuen
treaty I. 1703 in awing the tastes of the people.
Ha bared that it ties- wine dirks were reduced
to the meat proposed demo mall be an monsoon trade In
Premed wines. No one Gadd rim from the permit of the
=ad the committeeimgamt duties which sat in 1852
feeling sandial that saw great benefits would be
dateed by this aatry hoe • reduction of the duties on
Mae. Mr. Cyrus ceiedWg, in vesicles of the beneficial
rim am rewind gas it .s his opinion that the re-
sult of a of the dudes would be that
I Memos there wee now employed in the wine
trade 120 'wills MI 250 tons eaca, there would be
amploywi 6b oasis of IMO tone each. What would be the
elieut of the proposed redaction on the teate of the ar-
tison P They all deplored the excethive sae of &Mote rued
ether strong ennks. What was the strides., of Mr. Barker,
use of the larg-st liesased victuallers in Landes ? He raid
—"
I MI over the awater in gleams a pipe and a half of
port per week. I end that there is • grarlog Gate for
wise. rid I believe OM if the duties were reduced the son-
samptiou would be istabiel." Another wieners, Mr.
Short. said that be mold two pipe's sad a half of
alms per week at doseght—port, sherry, and Micelles.
was mbal whether he drew ch.miugue end claret, and
be replied, " Yee, ken the bottle." He went on to say that
be eba ud AL • glees be port, 7d. for chemise**, and
fee deist. He added. " The duty is so high on Primal
while that I camel "ell them as I could web; If the duty
wee. lower, people would prefer them to purr . Artisans of
all eerie tabs their glass of wine ; kWh labourers
frequemtly carry has • bottle of port to their hunt.
bee." (Langbeer.) "I tiny remark," be said,
"OM the tut* for port te decreasing, end its um
is mese prevalent amen both labourers." (Great laughter.)
Ms (Mr. B. theorise) me at first puzzled to discover why the
Mote for port was decreasing, but he at awards perceived
That it wee owtag to incesaed Multaration. It was calculated
teat not lees them 400,0001. had been Let to the revenue in
one year owing to the adulteration arising from high duties.
(Haar, beer.) Let the hones observe what was the oompo-
Metes of tile port which Irl.b labourers took home.
Is the mildest* et Mr. Buquet he found • receipt
tor reeking port, showing what an effect high
duties had in plosive the people. That receipt
was as follows Take cider, 45 gallons; brandy,
6 gallons:
,por, gallona"—there w• little port in it—
(lnieghser; ripostes*, 2 gallons. Stew the latter In two
'shoes of wetet. Press MI the liquor. If the colas, doss
set coins out strong 'sough add tincture of red eand.re.
Whea tattled pat in each bottle tincture of catecha which
met produce • Is. crusty appearance. (Laughter.) Soak
the end of tho corks in a &comma of Brasil word and alas
wlikh sill g we it • Sus appearance of age." (Renewed
laagater ) This was the thing called port—this wee the
Muff wh.,h pour Irish labourers took home in • bottle and he
supposed co one but an Irishlabourer would gist over
such a deco.. on. (Great laughter.) All this adulteration was
encouraged by the exemeive rate of the wine duty. (Hear.)
He sapported the budget because It was • Manchester budget
derived from the greatest mot to ensues who ever lived—he
meant M,. Pit•—(bem)—end therefore hon. gentlemen oppo-
site ought to give tale budget their most ardent support.
Mr. BARING observed that, if the treaty was note bar-
gsis—that ie. a contract implying conditions on both parties
—he did not WA why we should have recounts to a treaty at
aIL He contended that se were entitled to consider to what
'Meat the treaty wee an somata, to Ragland, and he indi-
cated certain points—the differential duties on shipping to
=tar—lo relation to which, ha thought, the correspon-
Lowed that the interests of this country had not been
well guarded. After remarking that the treaty appeared to
him sot calculated to tempo feelings of amity between
the two c mtries, and that he did not anticipate
from its operator, a permanent enlargement of our
Cede with France, he expressed his readiness to rodeos
duns, if he felt It could be done with safety to our finances ;
bat he argoed that we could not dieposee with indirect
taxation; that it wee Meadow; to depend upon the income
tax, impolitic to, take off duties that did not press upon the
Industry of the country, or upon any clam of the community.
• high inc nee toe, he observed, affected the labourer, since
it daataaelsed the fond which provided him with employ-
' West and, though as easy engine to • minister, and •
popular measure when tares were reduced which could not be
reimposed, it was pregnant with denser, and, in his
opration, It was not sescemsry (for reasons he seated) to
hays had moors, to it upon this occasion. The pro-
posed "yawn of taxation seemed to him (Mr. Baring) to be
both Improvident and unsafe--improvident now, and needs
for the totem. It would be uncal'e even in peace, bat in the
event of war what could the right hon. gentleman do?
Would ha propose. Loosed of a tespenny income tax, an
Income tax of 25., 3e., or 44. in the pound? (Hear, hear.)
But that w n.ll be hi. only resource, because he had kept up
• high tax on incomes in the time of peace. The bon.
member for Birmingham said the other night that gentlemen
on the owe:main side of the house had voted for Sir
Robert Peers income tax ; but that was • vary different
matter. Sir Robert Peel's tax was one of 7d.; the
Med for It was pester, and it me proposed for •
Malted time; whereat' what wes now proposed was to
perpetuate the Income tax at a:high rate. (Cheers.) It was
Mid that the amendment was • party move--a tootles on
whch to turn out the ministry, said to keep up a feeling
attest French He (Mr. Baring) believed that the rejec-
tion of the treaty would give great satiefectiot to a very
liras portion of Frame ; but, however that might be, be
could lava comsat to degrade the question whether they
were mainly to have recourse to direct taxation into &mere
question of petty. (Haar, hear.) He should not cossider
the division assay trial of party strength, and he for one
'Maid have the pretest possible repugnance to a motion
which would jest new ampler* the government, for he
themtht the noble lord (John Russell) had said very justly
that title country could not bear very frequent changes of its
Mtn' tostration. He Amid, however, vote against the budget as
it stood. He felt that they mast ia mune way or other mike
their protest against the ismapt which was being gradually
mails to subuitate direct for indirect taxation ; and he did
not believe that the quotas could bays been fairly raised in
committee. In voting for she resolution. he should do so
solely to mark his mem of the danger 'ditch existed in rely-
ing upon the 'Totem now adopted of voting away money,
wean there wits a datimey in the Each quer, and trust-
ing to a change to direct taxation for replenishing the
Treasury. (Chose.)
Mr. Y. GIBSON had beard with regret, he said, •
rtof each high authority in the commercial world as
rag condemn the policy and ensociel arrangements
of the government ; but be recollected that Mr. Baring hat
bees the uniform and persevering opponent of rommeroial
reform. In ammo to the objections to a commercial
treaty he cool precedents and authority, observing that
Lord Darby had tactually bees employed in nego-
tiating seen s treaty with Pismo, and Toed Haltom-
bury bad aidesvorind to punk the Import of coal
into Frame on maction that our duty upon her
bras& s should be redound. Why, then, he asked, should
the bruits refuse its saawrim to this treaty? Bir F. Bering
bed objected to a commercial Mary with Franco beams
we did not at tits Sari. time conclude one with Bpals. But
Ws treaty was to be taken on its own merits. He believed
that it would rodeos great politloal sad commercial 'dewi-
ng". and he /Mull be glad, be said, to corded* such
meads. with every country, but he would not re-
fuse • treaty with France Moans he could not
aria on, with Spain or Ptmagal. la order to
remove • misapprehension regarding the 3rd article
of the treaty, which wee rapped to give fresh
vitality to • @pens of differential duties injurious to British
shipping, he Psi:taigad the constrection and meaning ef the
article, and mated that there were so differential duties on
Snub shioping blower Realest' and France. la defending
the peronismo of the treaty he showed that the Weenie
misierred by it ups the agricultural class, is 'applying
miens which they were in the habit of sesstiming at
• lower rate, would not be locomeidershim wbfie
the pour-veto would be dlnsieletwid by the demand
ter Whom which the reluotioss of duty would
create. There war, he observed, a Full feeffelt
the tocoue tax. They called it a war tax. And
why was it • wen tax? Bemuse It was Imposed when Hip
bee • leap apeaditur• for military sad areal erameallm
wait tam bad got • large expenditure for tree propeees
err Wit they had wa elpeediterre of thirty mMiene b.
a►yaad naval porpoise. It wee obviously aseareary that
they should have an naves tax. The Meal 'geminate wee
severmy aid be mad If a teersay tram six
wee re Imp a properties./ Mega lazalat tweinde mask
ma emmist. Ban. orealecata opposite said auras' as leo
am" ad that flint/sees was joie the Mika TM bee.
wear fir &swore praised • eereepessy beer lon
Ms amen the has. enable was a great deal be ass-
swish bet be mold not have seempessy MUM tea se
re price of Madan Si. French Wiliam (Mmene.) What
ins the pereesqs• of • trapezia iseremthm es the rpm-
Seen for arse and military peeper t Thee
mind* the sag of the pasket esrvim,was2lllllBrlAL.l6ll=
she teams, Mare les wee se
eery Has 8 per emit. es
time, re see tin pre semperwre eery epperei dm teems
sr, whisk wee newriery le assistein der imelbleinmeees.
The hoe. remberbr ineridees drew • haled pieta," of
whet wail be the waseipease Sine alammerems begot.
lie spweered to than
Mod was ping he the
rid se too".
met tax Won, and to es Mists of the NINON by an
letorseist. and he eria-musd his @elf be • speech which
had bane tads at Liverpool, and wird essisse • Liver-

I pool solasena Now what was the at Mast to in-
direct taxation for 1.00-1 ? Ind the umeeeitet du
it would only be 22 par amt. of the Inztuxedo, Maytatyg,
78 per mat. to be red by Whoa taaatiam. $e ethnical
that of late pen there had Waft borers at lima, se eon-
! pared with indirect taxation, sad there bed been peat amok
derived from that asap al poliey as terse le hal pone.
Bat We we. not • question dike proportion et beet rad
Indirect taxation ; ft wee of • lager end Meader
want. It wen • definite proposition that they &mid pre,
vide fee the engesw of the adze year in the ationar pro-
posed by her jero's government ; and also agree to a bus-
matelot treaty with Trance. It would be pivotally impos-
sible for him, suffering es he was (the right hoe. gentlemen
wee evidently labouring under the sleets of • bad told), to
speak much longer, but be felt strongly It would be an un-
fortunate thing tf toe house were to agree to the Free&
treaty and were to put It. veto upon the leepoeitions of her
Majesty's government, merely u_poa 110•1111 that the
racoon tee wee a little too high. Helmer' that honourable
members would consider they had before them not a were
gseetion of a penny in the pound, bat a welkin of a broad
end an enlightened policy.
Mr. WALPOLE and when he (Mr. Walpole) was
asked his opinion as to the budget, his answer was,
that he believed the main provisions to be right—
(cheen)—that to part of them exception might be taken,
w also to the mode la which they were to be canted out.
Moos then he had listened to the debate ; and now he be-
lieved the main provisions to be right, and he should be
sorry to ore them defeated, bat still he thought that exoep-
doe might be taken to the time sad I. the mode in which it
=mooed to bring them intooperadon. The right hon.
who had just sat down treated kw hon.
IWeed.s motion as an attack on the French treaty.
Were that its object be (Mr. Walpole) would not vote for it.
(Laud cheer...) It might then be asked why he was going
to support the motion. (Hear, hear.) He asked the house
to follow him fora few moments and if they treated him as
candidly me he bad been treating them, be thought they
could not resist supporting—in their hearts almost, however
their votes might go—(s laugh)—the motion of' his hon.
friend. The motion reaugnised, as every one meat ncogniees
the fact that the expenditure of the year must he
taken at seventy millions, and It weed am to ask
whether with an enormous deficiency maw you
in the face, it was wise te ragman that
&latency by trenching on the ordinary reviews et the coun-
try, and to meet it by re.impoeing the income tar thievery
=Tbad proposed to take it off, and alai in • Wee of
eas. Pat of the revenue about to he yYdad up
would come from the customs duty affected by the treaty ;
pert Nes duties independent of the treaty ; end pertly from
the eatiosion of the excite dory en paper. These were the
three sources of revtnue which the French duty would affect.
Now, with regard to the duties effected by the treaty, he be-
lieved you moat remit them, but he thought that an amp-
thm might be teas in point of time; because in point
of led a more deliberate negotiation of the treaty would have
led to better provisions in some of its sedefee, whiht he
thought It would have been better to have wade it more con-
current In point of time, and more liberal with regard to
reciproci yas between the two contracting parties. But a
stronger mace he had for objecting to the treaty was, that
he could not understand the jealous polity of two gat na-
tions like France and England, keeping mak other at sum's
length when the advantages which oath exednelvely we-
aned might be made so mutually preamble ay • freak aid
liberal t.ange. (Hear, hear.) He did net see what wee
torzigvent statesmen on any side of the house from
down this barrier—(hear, keer)—but with regard
to this particular twiny there were two articles In which
he law mach to object, namely, the third and the eleventh,
both of which in his opinion required nrconsidaratioa. He
thought it most impolitic to tie up the crown from treating
owl ae a munition of war, and also to deprive Quintino of
the reciprocity claim. We made the mistake when repealing
the navigation laws of not allowing the first offer to come
from without. The Americans said if we gave all, they
would give all, bat we Lad given all and they had held back.
and the noble lord (Lord J. Rowell) had himself wed that this
was a most unsatefactory state of things. He objected
to the second milieu of customs remitted when
be remembered the tittle obstruction to trade end
industry which its collection caused. He thought it was the
lad thing they would have done to abolish duties which had
mead the slightest poesible obstruction le trade and Indus-
try. But he now came to en objection which he thought
very unanswerable. On what principle could you give up a
milks of duty when you knew that the oily effect el remit •
Ong it must be an inereaae of a penny In the income tax ?
(Hear, bear ) The Chancellor ot tee Exchequer had made
him almost smile when he came to talk of the remiesion of
the excise duty on paper. The oteht hon. gentleman for-
got all he had raid in 1853—that, the two mil-
lions of Long Annuities falling in, be would with
one million effect the oommercial treaty with France,
and with the other greatly relieve mealy branches of trade
and Industry. The right honourable gentleman forget
that that was the source out of which he had promised to
rid them of the income, tax. (Hear, hear.) What were the
reasons for this moraines on paper ? It had emanated
from the pledge given by the house, the obstruction to skill
and invention seising out of the present system, the untena-
ble character of the tax, and the inequality of its peewee as
between the rich and the poor mans literature. He would
venture to say that every one of those meow might be ad-
ducted with tenfold force against the income tax. They
were taunted by members on the other side of the home with
making this a party question, bat he dentwl that
they had done so, ens he assured her Majesty's
government that he had no attendee, in voting
for the motion, to disturb them in their seats. (Hew, bear.)
They were now placed in circumstances of fair too grave •
character to have administrations changed year by year by
mesas of party votes; and if the government were just and
moderate, and, by listening attentively to the reasonable ob-
jections urged on either side of the house, endeavoured to
establish our financial arrangements on • better footing than
they were at present, they need not fear any party oppoei-
doe. (Hear, hear.) Petty had nothing whatever to do
with the question—at hest eo far as the great bulk
of those around hint were concerned. (Hear, hear.)
They were living in times when the hands of the executive
required to be strengthened rather than weakened, end he for
one was thoroughly oonvicced that it was for the good of the
country that any administration sitting °epode. should, as
long as it did not provoke hostility, be fairly and firmly sup-
ported in conducting the government of this great king-
dom. (Cheese.)

The CHANCELLOR of the EXCHEQUER, having
listened like reran of the bore to regret& cif his eight hon.
friend, was free to confess that he found it perfectly easy to
understand his premises apart from hit anclosione, and not the
less easy to understand his conclusions apart from his pre-
znier—(bear) ;—bat the proems by which he combined such
premise with each concision., vit., to support the motion
before the house, would have tomato him a riddle more hope-
less then that of the Sphynx ff it had been proposed to hist
before the delete that night, end after hewing the speech of
his right hon. friend it war a riddle rill more desperate.
(Laughter.) Hie premier went rms. He was favourable to
the mein features of the budget in their substance; I. 5., he
was favourable to the treaty with France, and
wished ed to see it well earned through. Re was
also favourable to the government ; • most inaignilcant con-
sideration compered with that named before, but still &state-
ment which, coming from him, he sad everyone received
with the twist implicit credit. (A laugh.) He was favour-
able to the meintenence of the protest government ; and
being favourable to the treaty with Trance, and to the main
features of the government scree of Assam he was about
to vote for the actinic of the hos. 011111111, for North Essex.
(Hest.) That wee a process which right be perfectly in-
telligible so some hon. gentlemen opposite—Omar,
hear)—but the right hon. genthener the member
for Bookingluunshire would, he took it, share in that
doubt. (Hoar.) No doubt he would support the motion
of the bon. member for North Essex ; but be (the Chancellor
of the Exchequer) would venturt to lay very long odd. that
be would not singly support it on the propositions made by
his right hon. freer, but would do so on proposition. directly
opposite. ANC noticing some of the topics dimmer by
Mr. Walppoole, the right hon. gentlemen ridiculed the gloomy
yetldaetlor of Mr. Hubbard and Mr. Baring, which were
similar to those which, delivered years ago, had been proved
to be Ale and futile. But passing from the consideration of
sections of the budget, which there would be better opportu-
nities to discuss, he satirised the course taken by the opposi-
tion, after the declaration of Mr. Disraeli that great national
measures should Ls met by booed and straightforward
dealing, yet one of his party, Sir J. Pringtoo. had non-
demanded to aid in a scull demonstration by the hop-
proven. Great laughter was caused by the way is which
the right hoe. gentleman turned lato ridicule Sir J. Peking.
ton's manipulation of the barer of a meeting of the body
connected with this product, in which the rusty in which be
lived had an Interest of one-and-wharf per cent. on the whole
production. He urged that, however individual interests
might straggle against particular parts of the budget, the
country would give an Impartial verdict emits men principle
sad objects; and he took on him tory that the country Ind
received it with favour, as contributing to the prosperity and
happier@ of the people. He believed that the motion was
✓ued directly at the French treaty, and condemned in the
sear the commercial legislation of the last eighteen years,
god en which the government bad founded their Anemia'
wham. Having traced the progress of this *lamina from
IBA ha showed that the operation in the present case was
*stied with that which was then pursued. He con-
trolled : —The question la, will the house stand by those
milllefle, or will it declare that it ease came to renounce
these doctrines, and to adopt the o; poodle principle—" that
Il is not desirable to add to the existing deficiency by diminish-
ing the ordinary revenue"—for the purpose, as we would
add, of making those Investments on the pert of the public
which en unquestimed expertise, has proved to be, beyond
all other investments, fruitful wholesome, end reproductive.
(8e.,, hear.) It may be s, there le we important Ma-
rries between this year and those which I have referred to—
that the &Ardency we now have to deal with is mach
That I. perfectly true. Upon the other
haul, let the house recollect whether there an not
eheametestose of the most cogent character which =
esespol parliament, by the force of equity and justice, to re-
agents the claims of trade, industry, and the pepulatiou at
Lets, to • Moabon of duties. I will mention two. One le
the es of two millions or mere of annuities, with re-
gret to I think it will be admitted that a question et
Mar orbs, whether this amount ought merely to be added to
easselag e hey and constriatly increasing exprictitoce, or
sloths, it should mark an epoch et which we telt obliged to
zerpriselphe which we hare applied with seems before.
bar.) Airlift, I speak of casual receipts which
sessol recur. Take the sums which we are going to
miles am the extraordinary receipts from the shah mad

hop duties. Those sans may be set against the
exassedinery expesatare for which we are now liable in
nth. expedition to China. Bat what justifies us
11
fasenses we en lag is, that we ere gatag to maks a
remehedin me al that money. (Hear, hen.) And
thee* we hegia by remitting emu we ere gong to create
Beds Width will add more sad man is cur resouren. Ws
are VW le Min 1,400,0001. Mtn hr the reesipte of the
Midis sly 700,0001. hors Irawe en going to
loss• 'by thldemisinmed. tenor; aid that 701),N01. any re-
=l. the threeinarters of • slam web Is the W-
ham= Pd. and 1001. la the Woes tax. Some per-
sons me sheeted because we are perdue with income from
indirsollams; but the answer to that Is, that the receipts
from isatireet taxes are emeslautly mere sing, and they la-
cono. many became we met with them. (Hear, hear.)
The reselpts this year from indirect Manion, notwithstanding
then remission, I have no doubt will be much larger than
la say year In our experience. But it does set follow that
biome we do this this year, it is therefore to be repeated
nerd year. Yoa °mammon these reforms practically In
1842 ; you went on In 1844, la 1846, and In 1846—wham
the greatest year of all. la 1849 you repealed the navigi-
ties laws • and 1850 end 1861 you returned teem/ repeal of
hue, Indirect ma well as others. In 1853_ you made another
large remittance al taxation. Between 1842 end 1853 there
were sot less than seven or eight years In which you at-
tamped those operations. And what has happened since?
In seven years they have been Intermitted altogether • and
then Domes a year when you have an extraordinary; re-
lid front the burden of the public debt—and is not that a
prow and fair year for carrying out those beneficial prin-
ciple. ? (Hear, hear.) Yen Nay tell me that that
is • year of great *expenditure ; but who can
• relief from that expenditure? (Hear, hear,)
fr legalise ware In a year of great expenditure, with • promise of
speedy relief, it would, I grant, have teen better to wait for
• year, or for • couple of yeses, before doing what we pruom
to do now. Bat what is the spirit Flume on the other side—
not, lon sure, by all the gentlemen on the other side, bat
by the proposer of the motion, who is, I take it, an excellent
endues of the distinguished class ben which he belongs?
What is the spirit which he shows, and what is
the spirit of his motion, with respect to expendi-
tare? Does this motion condemn on great expenditure P
Dom this motion recognise it, as I believe it is generally
recognised on this side of the house, so far as it is approved,
as • necessity, but a painful necessity, to which we submit
bums we think high innate require it—(hear, hear)—
but from which we are desirous to escape, from which we
hops to escape—(ther, bear)--and from which we are deter-
mined to keep in our own hands the means of escaping ?
(Miniaterial cheers.) That is the spirit in which 1 under-
stand this great expenditure to be viewed on this Ma of the
house. (Hear.) But is that the malt evinced by the mover of
this resolution ? On the contrary,
_he pour. contempt on
times of economy, and he fears we shaß woo get back to what
he calls • miserable cheese-paring economy. (Hear, hear.)
He seems to give countenance to the discreditable enipoeition
that the ministers of the parliament of England have given
way to this cheese-paring economy. But I sak, Mr, who
were the ministers of England when this chefs—paring
economy, as it is called, wee in vogue ? I will not speak
of the Irvine, I will speak only of the deed. They were the
Duke of Wellington, than whose adminstration none
did more according to he tints and decenniums for economy
—the Duke of Wellington, Earl Grey, Lord Melb >erne,
Sir R. Peel. These were the men under whom, through whose
oomienatme end by whose labours the benefits of thrift were
applied to the expenditure of the state. These were the
men on whom the mover of this motion, partly by its terms
and pertly by the language in which De expounds them,
think/ It to throw a slur on account of their cheemparing
economy. (" Hear, hear," and cheers.) Sir, I admit that
it is impossible to expect a rapid return to • low
expenditure, although I trust that the estimates
of the preeent year are to be regarded as and will be found ex-
ceptional estimate', yet I admit that we have entered on a
high-level expenditure; and I say that, dealing with that
high-level expenditure, and having these heavy burdens to
bear, we ought to strengthen ourselves for that task by the
means which in former years we hare found so efficacious,
and again apply the principles which we applied in 1812,
lilt, and 1563. (Cheers.) Sir, there is =whew view i f this
cue, to which no allusion has been made by gentlemen who
have spoken on the other side of the house, but which I must
conies impresses itself very forcibly on my mind ; and it lel
this. I heard with pain the ameh. of my right hon. friend
the member for Portsmouth (Sir F. Baring), who gave the
weight of his authority not, so far es I could understand; in
support of the motion that war made from the opposite side,
but, at any rate, in disapproval of the financial proposals of
the government. (Hear, bear.) My right lion. friend
referred, and my bon. friend the member for Stamford (Sir
8. Nnte) referred, to a political reason In recommenda-
tion of *themes different from those of the government. My
hon. friend the member for Stamford gave us • glimpse of the
finance to which be would gladly have been • party, and he
said that instead elm income tax of 10d. in the pound we
ought to have an income tax of 7d. in the pound. Now my
first objection to that agreeable suggestion of my hon. friend
Is this, that he proposed entirely to abolith the very small
and modest surplus which I have asked the house to provide;
and that entire abolition of the surplus I do not understand to
be a condition and characteristic of sate and prudent finance.
(Hear, hear.) My hon. friend proposed to redoes to the
revenue what we take away, 2,100,0001.; he proposed to
take away from it three-tenths of the income
tax, or about 2,6.50,0001., and the difference between
those two sums swallowed up the modest surplus for which I
asked. That is my first objection to the proposal of my
honourable friend. But my hon. kind says there le
always an increase in the indirect taus from year to year.
Yes, lir, but it happens that we have in this case reckoned
that inane, already. (Hoer, hear.) We have taken it as
high as the estimates of official personages who are entitled
to the greatest consideration warrant us in doing. I seed
not tell my hon. friend that we canon eat our oaks
and have it, and that It is not justifiable to
reckon the same sum twice on the same side of the account.
"But," my hon. friend said, "we can provide a surplus by
sew fazes." By what new taxes ? (Hest, bear.) By new
taxes me the trade and industry of the country? (Hear,
bear.) Depend upon it, sir, that if yogi ever adopt the sta-
!tagpolicy—etadonary in fact, retrogressive in spirit
& is recommended to-night, you will not
merely stand still, but you will loss those con-
tiallal supplies which have been welling forth year
by year from the fountains which your prudent
legislation has opened, and you will be obliged to make addl.
tional provision by such new taxes as those at which my
honourable friend so very mildly glanced. Every
honourable gentleman who had risen on the other
side of the house wished to maintain every farthing upon the
trade of the community, and at the same time every farthing
upon the commodities in which the man of the people were
concerned as consumers. If the question were
taken 5 a sum in arithmetic, it really came
to this that in proportion to the 9,000,0001.
of indirect taxation imposed oe account of the war, they
ought to have impend 14,000,0001. of direct taxation. la-
steed of that 6,0.10,000/., a balance of 8,000,0001. would still
be due to those classes whose demands they ought to have
first relieved. (Cheers.) Under these circumstances, if they
had kept up this heavy charge upon the commodities
in by die people, they would have been open to the ac-
cusation of having administered relief lathe wealthier classes
to the extent of ld. of the income tax, and be admitted that
ld. would have been • relief, and having left the working
classes subject to this burden. That being as, be was quite
satisfied with the issue which had been raised. He would
not longer detain the house. When boa. gentleman wpm is
said they regretted the high ran of Moose tee, be maid that
be (the Chancellor of the Exchequer) was very emery that
there should be a high income tax, whether that tax was
necessary or unnecessary, but be doubted not, whoa the
proper time came, that he should be able to explain the
meaning of that tax. Farr the present he would endeavour
to direct the attention of the house to this tact, that the
main intention of the motion of the bon. member for North
Essex was • proposition which hemmed the whole of their
peat legielatien since 1842, and which atigentithei that
coupe far the post sad renounced it for the
future. (Criss of "No' from the opposition, and
counts-cheers.) He also contended that if parliament
was to be referred to the best security which it could take
for the preservation of the institutions of the country and the
loyalty of the people outer the new system, it would be to
show that they had • duty to perform towards all classes
whilst the old was in existence. (Cheers.) Upon those two
imam generally, end without farther observation, he sub-
mitted the decision of the motion to the house, and be was
convinced that that decision would be favourable to the
scheme of the government, and likewise, that in its deliberate
wisdom, the House of Commons would no more than echo
back the voices of approval which had sounded from one
extremity of the toiletry to the other, (Prolonged cheering.)
Mr. DISRAELI denied the exact similarity between the
measure the Chancellor of the Exchequer had introduced
sod those he had referred to in 1842,1845, and 1853. Of the
budget he would say that it aimed at too much. and pro-
vided too little. The Chancellor ref the Exchequer had es-
timated his deficiency at 9,4C0,0001.; it would be • mode-
rate estimate to add • million more to the army ex-
penditure on account of China; but, taking the deficiency
at only 9,400,0001. for the next year, he would fled
wanting the 1,400,0001. for malt and hop *credits,
while 1,000,0001. would be rushed for Exchequer Bonds.
It was because Mr. Gladstone. plan was not like those he
bad cited that the motion called upon the house to interpose
and expels. an opinion non his proposition. With respect
to the treaty, he and his party had no prejudices against
a ooratoarcial treaty with Frame; on the contrary, ti the
position of affairs permitted, nothing could be more
desirable. But his objection to this treaty was that it
was drawn with a want of forethought, of knowledge
of the circumstances with which the negotiator had
to deal, and that by the treaty the deficiency ender which
we were euffpi would be Imply incensed, to the extent of
600,0001. be the amount at which Mr. Gladstone bad
adeniated h loss. He exposed what he obarsetensed as the
great failures of the famous budget of 1863, which be con-
nected with that of 1860, and asked why, after then con-
spicuous failures, the home should put confides in a
wild sad improvident project of the same financier.
Adverting to Italy, he coatimed—What is the state
of affairs new? Is the sapid Mere serene than In the sprint
of 1863 ? Nu one ma suppose that the right hoe. gentleman
hew Is Ignorant of the Nab of =tenet politics. The right
hen, gentleman takes great Interest In the affairs of Italy.
He ha favoured as Ice thia house via his oplabli
es that cutlet. sad U the badrae, ISO) ends
la that outasiOn whin, es await. It,
Mil mast await 6U whom ea truly 'improvident,
he will not his alai to WI us spit yew art lib plus has bon
frustrated by external cause Its meld sot fumes. eear,
hear.) He tithes red btereet In the affairs of Italy,
he has querrellsd with the Pops, es he has quarrelled with

many other of his friends, hay*, I suppose, learned that
Christian charity, which the Mar night be grudged me,
from the Greek church. But, sir, It would be well when
the house has a scheme of flame so improvident placed be-
fore it when • deficit exists, • deficiency le created and a tax
is Wormed that at the moment of emergency should be the
source upon which we can most rely—it would be well to
consider what is the state of our foreign re-
lations. They contain at this moment the greatest tone
that an possibly impel men to anion, or that can influence
the destinies of empires. Totally irrespective of many
causes of comparative insignificance that In olden time have
produced war, we have in It Jy now three cantos, any one
of which is enough to convulse the world. We have, first,
the question of papal supremecv—we have the question
of the natural boundary of empires, and we have
the question of the nationality of races. Bach of the first two
has in its Urns produced the largest and most sanguinary
struggles that have taken place in the history of mankind.
The question of papal supremacy once gave you the3o yea,.
war—the question of the natural boundaries of empires
gave you the long war of the French revolution.
Both these qu-stions ere still at work—and in addition
Clients that wnich cannot be avoided, nor, perhaps, long
delayed, the question of the nationality of races; and we are
told in sunk circumstanees as these that all statesmen should
do, is to simplify their tariff. (Opposition cheers.) Why, was
there ever • moment is the history of the country
when we ought more to husband oar reoperate ? Is this
a time wantonly to put ea end to any of the sources of oar
ordinary revenue? Is this the time you should fix upon to
anticipate the resources of year direct taxation? There is
not • man out of the house who doubt. the coarse we ought
to pursue. I think the course recommended by the govern-
meneis most Improvident—l could use a stronger word, but
will not do so—that ever yet was oommitted to parliament.
Under ordinary circumstances I should hesitate to adopt it,
but in a moment yb this I feel It my duty to thoroughly
and completely protest against their policy. (Cheers.) The
hon. gentleman the member for Littlefield spoke with great
frimullinees to me this evening. He told me aloud, and of
course in onfilence—(laughter}—that I recommended my
friends to • very unwise course In requesting my hon.
friend to propose that resolution, which he did with so much
spirit and promise. (Hear, hear.) The member for Liskeard
said to me, " Why did you have • resolution of this kind ?
why did you not admit the principle of the budget ?
that he the principle of the policy, and worry the
government in committee. (Hear.) You would have got a
rest deal of assistance. I would have helped you, and we
could have beaten the government In details—(hear, bear)—
but nothing could be more unwise than the course yon have
taken in doubting the propriety of their policy, and challeeg-
lug the whole system which they recommend to the
country." I have no doubt my boa. friend the member for
Liskeard would make p much more adroit leader of a party
than I can pretend to be, sad it is only indeed with the
assistance, and the constant indulgence of my friends, that
I can for • moment pretend to fill, and carry oat, the duties
of the office which I now occupy; but the honourable
member for Lielkend will show me to tell him,
that he has totally mistaken the motives which Mittman
us—(cheer,)—and that then motives are quite different from
those which woeld regulate his conduct. (Hear.) The
Chancellor of the Exchequer seemed to deride the speeeh of
my right hon. friend the member for the University of Cam-
bridge, a speech inspired, I believe, by as true • sense of pa-
triotism ae ever actuated any hon. gentleman, and charac-
terised by as pure end noble an eloquence as any epoch
which has ever been made In thts house. (Opposition cheers.)
The Chancellor of the lemiliecluer seemed to deride the pos-
sibility that we had any object in the course we have
taken but to embarrass or subvert the government.
He said, " It is our duty to terminate their mi-
niaterial career if we entertain the opinions we have
expressed." But I differ from him. I remember that the
parliament I am addreesiog woe summoned by the Queen,
by the advice of her consultors, of whom I was one ; and
that parliament, on its meeting, though by a very narrow
majority—etill by a majirity—expreseed that they bed no
confidence in the then government of her Majesty. Toey
had no on& inn in our foreign policy—they had no confi-
dence In our reform policy. (Ironical cheers.) What
confidence the present parliament has in the foreign policy of
the present government I will not pretend to decide. (Hear.)
All I know, as far as I con firm an opinion, ir, that
the affairs of Italy ate exactly is the same position
in which they were when parliament was prorogued In
Angueti (Hear, hear.) I think and speak with some
knowledge of the circumstances. As far as the reform mea-
sure is.honoerned, I amine that after the announcement of
the Chancellor of the Exchequer that the franchise is to
be gine to the masses, no bill of reform we could propose
will vie with Oncoming meannre of her blajeaty'sgoveroment.
(" Hear, hear," and laughter.) I think they have a right to
understand that neither I nor my colleagues after that vote
are at all anion now to attempt to occupy the places
which they then filled. (Hear hear.) But I at least
.nay say for myself that having for more
than two years led this house in a minority, I shrink from
the unparalleled anxiety and responsibility of such a poet,
and I would momment no gentleman, on whatever bench
be may sit in this house, who' hes any regard for his
nervous system—(laughter)—to aspire to that position.
(Hear, hear.) The inportant poet which the Chancellor of
the Exchequer fills gives ample opportunity for the exercise
of his sager mind and great resource,. and he may, perhaps,
aspire to the proud position of leafing this hones, which no
one could fill more efficiently. (Laughter, and cheers.) But
from what I have observed of the temperament of the
right hon. gootlenema—(Loud cheers)—l think I
may tell him that it is well for him, that however
eminent his pos:tioa, he reposes at least for • term beside
the multi, sapience' of the noble lord the Foreign Secretary,
and the mild patience of the noble viscount. (Laughter.)
But there is inch • thing as fulfilling a public duty. We
are not ucconedous of that duty, and we will not ester Into
tioniblaatiorts and cabals to embarres a government. (Cheers.)
But when • party comes forward with a distance principle,
and to advocate a one. which is perfectly intelligible—which
they believe a great portion of the nation sympethises with—
to hold tbat such a party movement is liable to reproach is
to confound the nature of things, and not to comprehend the
scope and spirit of our constitution. (Hear, bear.) It fa the
duty, and the noblest duty, that an fell to members
of this house to fulfil snob • task; and such
is the course we are now about to take. It is
our opinion that the proposal of the government is one I
pernicious, imprudent in finance, not to soy profligate—one
that may lead the country to an extremity of circumstances
at this time next year which few can contemplate with-
oat the greatest alarm. (Hear, hear.) I wish to see
such • course arrested. I have no hope that by
aseertine in this straightforward manner our policy we can
accomplish that object at present; but when by this matt-
tion we all dentate that to add to a deficiency is •
counts in finance le be deprecated, and that we
will not disappoint the just expectations of the people
by largely increasing the income tax. we assert
the policy which we believe in and will maintain.
(Oppesition chain) At least those just expectations I my-
self will not dimppolet, and to that country I ultimately
mil, (Loud oitt.)
PALMERSTON—Mr. Speaker, I am not going to
follow the right hen. gentleman either Is dimming the
of the budget of 1853, or the cams end effects of the
Russian lilt, or the affairs of Italy, or even the nervous
system of the right hon. gentleman himself. (Load
laughter) I beg to soy in pawing that I feel an unfeigned
pleasure In finding him et so good • condition. I will
endeavour in • few abort seationces to recall the house to the
subject really cow to be decided, and I will venture to say
that a more important subject never was confined within six
short lints of a resolution. Ample enough, however, for the
decision of parliament, without mixing with it those vari-
ous topic., some personal and othe Is general in their character,
with which the right hon. gentleman has in-
dulged in the speech he has just made. The moie-
ties before the limo contains a decided opinion
upon two great questions, the one relating to
our commercial arrangements with (mien countries, the
other relating to the development of our tuitional resources
at home. Either one or the other is a fit 'subject for • se
rats discussion. the hon. member for Essex, however, has
judged proper to put them both together, and what is the
result he proposes to secomelith by obtaining the assent of
the house tol his resolution 1' Nothing more nor
leas than this, to reject by anticipation, without
say detaileddiocesan, summarily the treaty with
France and the budget of my right hon. friend. (Hoer,
hear) Tbat intention is sufficiently to be gleaned from the
words of the resolution, for if say doubt could have been
entertained, that doubt must have been destroyed by the
frank avowal of the right hen. gentleman opposite, that that
is the intention and the spirit and object of the motion now
under dismission. I shall not enter into any details as to the
treaty or the budget, because the house knows that we are
going to invite it to enter into a discussion of the different
provisions of the treaty, and it will have an opportunity
of giving its opinion in detail upon each. We have accom-
plished that with regard to oar commercial relations with
France which her be-n admitted to have been the object of
government after government in constant automation. We
are called upon now, eltbouch the right hon. gentlemen has
not laid soy ground for the premature mimeos of the
treaty, by the weeds of the resolution to do that which is
tantamount to an utter aad entire rejection of the treaty.
(Hear, hear.) With regard to the budget, by the part of
the resolution which deals with the income tax, it is palpable
that If the house egress to the resolution, they will see
aside summarily the whole financial arrangements
which my right honourable friend has proposed.
The latter part of the resolution disposes of the budget, as
the former does of the treaty. Oa what ground is it 'deo-
' oared ? That at the increased expenditure. Why. if we are
obliged to have an increased expenditure, which hon. pa-
-1 Heinen opposite and the onntry don't find fault with, but
which has boon la a manner toned upon to, than
it is the duty of parliament to loaves. the
income of the eonntry by all possible means ;
and one great means of doing that is by promoting comer-
dal intercourse with our nearest neighbour.. (Cheese.)
The right bon. gentleman talked of a secret treaty, to come
into torn • year hence. What would have been thought of
the government if they had adopted such a mum, so decd
dully injurious to all commerce? No doubt the example est
by England and France will be followed by other countries,
and this treaty will lay the foundation not only of in-
creased intercourse between England and Franck bat
amongst all the nation of Europe. (Cents.) BO far
from increased expenditure being an argument against
the treaty, I 1... y that it strengthens the moon for it.
(Hear, hear.) While pursuing the come of developing our
~sourer, as exemplified In 1842, 1845, aai 1853, we are
settees free the 'PI hags of industry at home, giylsg develop-
nest to our foreign eommeroe, and amiatioft the inners of
our ~atom (Hear, hear.) Let bon. gentlemen not be
led away by the fallacious a/guanine on the other aide. let

than reflect that by disapproving of this treaty they will
Incur a responsibility for which they would not like to be
answerable in the tutors.
The house divided. The numbers were :
For Mr. Du Cane's resolution
Against ** • • 339

Majority for Ministers .... 116
The announcement of the numbers was received
with great cheering by the ministerial side.
. .

Thelttorneys andSacitore Bill wu read a third time
and poised.
NEW WRIT.

On the motion of Sir W. JOLLIFIPS, a new writ was ordered
to bane for West Surrey, toe the Wootton of a member In the
room of H. Drummond, Hag., de ceased.
The other orders were disposal of, end the house adjourned
at half-peat two.