The Express.
London, England, 1866-12-11 00:00:00

OUR CONTEMPORARIES.

(THI3 DAY.)

TKZ rutrosat. POWER.
The Times retraces the circumstances under
which the French trioolor is retiring from Rome, air, pro-
ceeds to again express the opinion that the ground thns
gives up must be occupied by the Italians, and that the
protectorate which Napoleon withholds must devolve on
Victor Emmanuel. In the midst of his distress
and perplexity two points seem to be clear to
the Popc—that he ought not to leave Rome,
and that be ought to reconcile himself with Italy.
The lavish blessings of the Venetian clergy upon the
Italian King—the hastening back of the self-banished
bishops, and the recent charge of the Archbishop Paris,
are all indications that a compromise with the civil power
is at band ; and, left to the mercy of his subjects, Pius IX.
may again bid high for their love and applause. What is
essential in any concordat between them is that there
shall be a free church in a free state. The terms which he
must make with the Romans wall lead in all prohability to
an acknowledgment on the Pope part of the people's
'a
right of eelf-government. Should the Pope be content
with the mere nominal presidency of a Roman senate or
municipal council, he would only re-establish the con.
notion between the church and the city on its original

footing.
The Daily News thinks it remarkable that the Pope's I
resolution in the contingencies before him should still be
unknown, and remain for the conjecture of those who find
pleasure in compering nearly balanced probabilities. It is i
unlikely, however, that by the withdrawal from Home he
will expose himself again to the painful expedient of a
restoration by a foreign army. Besides, the world has .
changed since the day when he left his capital in 1848. His ;
throne does not fall now because of any violent shock, I
but from the operation of natural forces, and the wiser
prelates of tho Roman church, like the Archbishop of I
Paris, are quietly preparing the minds of the people for
the Pope's acquiescence in the Negation of the temporal
power and his continued residence at Home. Honour may
be thought to require that he should defend to the utmost
the institution which twenty years ago he was elected to
represent, but as a priest he may be expected to accept the
will of Providence with at least as much grace as some of
the princes of this world have done in his day. His go-
vernment is twice condemned, for it is bad in itself and it
is an obstacle to the accomplishment of the national unity,
but this is no reason why the Pope should run sway. His
parting address to the officers of the bith French regiment,
politically the most injudicious one he ever made, proves
that he is greatly irritated, but his words, mall and ungra-
cious as they are towards the Emperor of the French, do
not absolutely preclude an accommodation with the King

THE bootmaker CRAMPHORN has been acquitted,
after two trials, of the assault on the police with
which he was charged, and Dews and Jolty's, the
two constables who burst into his house, dragged
him into the street, and hammered his head with
their truncheons, have been found guilty of using
excessive violence. According to the analogy
of the reasoning adopted when Horn was
found guilty of perjury on the prosecution of
PEARCE and DYK—an occurrence from which it
was concluded that property would in future be
insecure—we ought now to hear that We and
limb are no longer safe. Wo do not, however,
expect to hear anything of the kind. The wor-
ship of the naked principle of authority may
at times and in peculiar circumstances become a
dangerous affectation ; but the real and constant
reverence of Englishmen is reserved for law and
order, and this case will do good by satisfying
both the well and the ill disposed that excess and
transgression are punished in our courts without
respect of persons, or office, or station. The
occurrence of these two police convictions within a
fortnight is, however, a serious matter. Assuming
that the jury in each case came to a correct con-
clusion, we must of course be glad that the men
have been tried and found guilty ; still it is im-
possible to regard their conviction with unmixed
sat:sfaction. The prospect of having to maintain
a series of prosecutions like these in order to keep
the exorbitance' of the police in check, would be
intolerable. The administration of the force must
not be suffered to become a despotism tempered
by convictions. We can-tot resign ourselves to re-
gard a service upon which we depend for security
day and night as a necessary evil, against which
we are bound to be continually on our guard.
The police of the metropolis is the creature of
public intelligence, and amenable at any hour
its existence to the author of its being. We
all recognise its immense value even while
we point out its defects. The popula-
tion of the metropolis has doubled since the late
Sir ROBERT (then Mr.) T'szt, instituted the new
police, and looking at the state of crime and the
relations which the old detectives had established
and maintained with the most dangerous classes
of criminals, it may not be too much to say
that without the police that increase could not
have taken place. The public is very sensi-
ble of the importance of the service rendered
by the force, and it has every reason to
be so. We are powerfully reminded from
time to time that beneath and behind the
apparent order and regularity of our outer
social life there lurks a barbaric monster only
waiting for a favourable moment to spring into
ferocious activity and make the fairest fruits of civi-
lization his prey. While with one hand we sternly
repress, with the other we nourish and train
up in the greatest and wealthiest city of the world
the material of one of the foulest mobs that the
sun has ever looked down upon, and which, in its
individual members, is constantly keeping up a war
upon the honest portions of society. To weaken
the efficiency of the army which copes with this
enemy, both when we wake and when we sleep, can
be the desire of no rational being, and inasmuch
as the first and most obvious tendency of convic-
tions like those of HATES, DAVIS, and JARVIS is
towards that result, we can only hope that they
will have the effect of rendering further similar
proceedings unnecessary. After all, the public
must look to the heads of the police administra-
tion for the correction of those faults which
recent criminal proceedings have placed in
a strong light. Prosecutions can do no more than
call attention to causes which are at work to dete-
riorate the character of the police; it is for the chiefs
of the force to supply the remedy. Foreigners
accustomed to the arbitrary strictness of conti-
nental systems remark with surprise when they
come amongst OS the good terms upon which the
police and the public live with each other, and
the support and recognition which the guardians
of the law find in the temper and opinion of the
peop'e. This is a great advantage to both parties
and one which ought to be prized in Scotland:
yard ; it makes the duty of the police lighter,
and facilitates its performance, while on the other
band it removes obstacles to the execution of

of Italy.

Osborne.
THE QUEEN'S LATE 'VISIT TO WOLVERHAMPTON.
—Yesterday afternoon at a meeting of the Wolverhampton
town council, the mayor read a letter which, marked pri-
vate, he had obtained through Sir C. Grey (the writer) the
permission of the Queen to read at that meeting. The
letter was dated Windsor Castle, Dec. 1, and after stating
that an official answer to the address of the corporation
would be sent from the Home-office, said, " But her Ma-
jesty is anxious that you should bear less formally, and
as it were more directly from herself, how much she was
gratified by the heartiness and cordiality of the reception
she met with from every individual of the vast assemblage
that yesterday filled your streets ; sod how deeply—how
very deeply—she was touched by the proof which the
day's proceedings afforded of the respect and affection
entertained at IVolverbamPton for the memory of her be-
loved husband. The arrangements for the preser-
vation of order, and to prevent confusion,
were beyond all praise ; but even these would
hardly have been sufficient, had you not been
seconded by the' excellent disposition of the people them-
selves. I have also been requested by Princess Christian to
say how much she has been gratified by the kindness
shown yesterday to herself and Prince Christian, and that
she will have much pleasure in wearing the beautiful
bracelet presented to her at the station as a remembrance of
a most interesting and gratifying day.—Believe me, yours,
very faithfully, C. GEST." Sir John Morris then read a
letter he had received from Sir Thos. liiddulph, in which
the Queen desired thither condolence might be conveyed to
the wounded volunteer, and also the expression of her
Majesty's intention to settle upon him an annuity of 201.,
payable quarterly. The announcement was received by
great enthusiasm in the council.
VISIT OF HER MAJESTY TO THE WINDSOR ROYAL
INFIRMARY. WINU4OR, MONDAY.—This morning, at
11 o'clock, her Majesty the Queen, acootnpanicil by her
Royal Highness the Princess Louise, and attended by the
THE BENEFITS OF IRISH ERIORATTON. I Marchioness of Ely and Major-General F. H. Seymour,
Quoting Mr. Bright's words from his letter to a , equerry in waiting, drove from the Castle to the Windsor
gentleman at Exeter bearing upon Irish landlords, and , Royal Infirmary, where they were received by the Hun.
referring to two speeches upon Ireland, one by Mr. 1 Mrs. Wellesley and, Mr. Brickwell, the house sargeon,
Bright and the other by Mr. Maguire, Lord Dufferin i Mr. llolderness, Mr. Pearl, and Dr. Fairbank, the visiting
commences, in the columns of the Toney, a reply to the
. surgeons. Mr. Brickwell had the honour
Ma of being intro-
or-General
principal assertions which were therein contained. The duced to her Majesty and the princess by j
present letter is confined to the subject of emigration, Seymour. Afterwards the Queen, with the Princess Louise
which he contends has been a great blessing to those who and royal suite, were conducted over the females' and
went away and those who stayed at home. Had they stayed males' wards. Her Majesty made kind inquiries into the
at home wages would have been lower, rents higher various cases of the patients, which were explained by Mr.
than they are now, while a very large proportion Brickwell, the Queen giving a kind nod of recognition to
of the pease:Au would be occupying farms half 1 each patient. The royal party afterwards proceeded to
the size of those they are at present cultivating. • the board-room, and her Majesty and Princess Louise
Fifteen years ego in the west of Ireland the rate of ', wrote their names in the visitors' booex k. Before
her leaystaling
agricultural wages varied from half-a-crown to fire shil- the Queen was graciously pleased to press e.
hogs a week. Ever since it has gradually advanced, rang- faction with the order of the establishment. At the pre-
iug in the south and west of Ireland from 10s. to 125., or sent time there are six women and one child in one ward,
• even 14s. a week ; while in the north the labourer is and eight adult males in the other ward under treatment
almost absolutely master of the market, and can dictate for medical and surgical maladies.
11 what terms he pleases; and all this is due to emigration. 1 THE ROYAL aHE ssOYAL VISIT TO SUFFOLE.--OARLEY-PARE,
About 500,000 persons would be able to cultivate the entire
DIAS, MONDAY.—Their Royal Highnesses the Prince and
area of land under cattle and crops in Ireland ; but by the
Prinoess of Wales, with his Royal Highness the Duke of
census of 1861 those engaged in agricultural pursuits in
Edinburgh, have just arrived in Suffolk by special train
that country amount to upwards of 600,000 persons— from the Prince of Wale's Norfolk seat at Sandring-
that is to say, to 300,000 more than are necessary to the barn, and with their royal highnesses or to meet them have
most consummate cultivation of the soil. Consequently,
also arrived a large number of the representatives of the
there is still in Ireland a considerable section of the in-
• tocracy, including the Duke and Duchess of Suther-
habitants with their wives and children dependent for
land, Earl and Countess Grosvenor, Lord and Lady Suffield,
their support upon the land, whose misapplied industry is
Sir Edward and Lady Kerrison, Lieut.-Colonel
as unproductive as if it were devoted to the grinding of a Keppel, Lieut. Haig, and the Countess of Macclesfield.
treadmill or the lifting of shot ; but though contributing The Prince and Princess Christian left London
nothing to the producing power of the class with which
b the 11.20 train yesterday morning, and arrived at the
they are incorporated, they have to be supported out of its
ITuyton station of the London and North Western Rail-
profits, of which, consequently, they diminish by so much
way about half-past five in the afternoon. They were met at
the share to the remainder. the station by the Earl of Derby, and at once drove to
In a leading article the Times supports Ltid Dufferin's
Knowsley-park. A large number of persons, principally
propositions, thinking that they hardly require such
ladies, assembled at the station and warmly greeted their
• elaborate reasoning to commend themselves to people
royal highnesses, who repeatedly and heartily bowed their
of intelligence. It is enough for us to know that
acknowledgments. Both the Princess Helena and her
eight millions formed too large a multitude to subsist on
husband appeared in excellent health. It is understood
agriculture alone in a country of the extent and climate
that the royal visit will not extend beyond Thursday.
of Ireland. We must think it a blessing that part of 1 1 •
The Prince of Wales was at the Palais Royal,
them are gone.
, Paris, on Thursday, to see the Vie Parisiense, a sen-
sationaIMISCELLANEOUS TOPICS.
1 The Daily News likens the rapid progress of the reform ' Lord Brougham is expected to arrive at his real-
movement in this country since the rejection, which the deuce in Grafton-street to-day from Brougham-hall, on
tories and Adullamite liberals now repent, of the compro- his way to Cannes for the winter.
miss bill of last year, to the movement in American The Right Hon. Sir Robert Peel, Bart., M.P.,
politics since the rejection by the South of the moderate and Lady Emily Peel have left town for Drayton Manor,
amendment of the constitution. A year ago the Northern staffasdahise,
people were in that condition of languor and satisfaction We regret to announce the death of the Countess
which follows on successful effort, while nowtheyare roused Fortescue in childbirth.
to a vigorous determination to have the question of recon. The Professorship of Political Economy in the
,traction settled on a firm and solid basis. It is now
University of Dublin has been obtained by Mr. James
proposed, and she subject is undergoing generally favour- Slattery, barrister-at-law.
able discussion, to adopt a uniform and impartial suf- It is proposed to hold a meeting of the friends
frage, applicable to white and black alike, in all the states
of the late Bishop of Calcutta, at London House, on
on the Massachusetts plan, and to find in that, and not
Wednesday December 19, at 2 o'c'ock, to madder what
in the constitutional amendment, the basis of the neon- - ' . •
is the fittest memorial for the late bishop.
struction of the Union. This is a distinct advance on the
Mr. Jacob, a member of the Winchester town
proposal contained io the amendment.
council, complained to that body last week of the corpora-
The Manchester Education Aid Socity have drawn up a
tion pictures being kept in St. John's-rooms, where balls
bill which comprises the enactment that power, on the
are held, and that the pictures were injured by the heat
permissive principle, be given to any municipality or dia-
and moisture of the room. A picture, at one time worth
trio to levy an education rate, and, to a certain extent,
of children Ley, and presented to the corporation by the " merry
even to enforce the attendance at schools The 1,500 guineas, of Charles 11., painted by Sir Peter
Star thinks it is ptati that such a bill would meet with
monareh," is seriously damaged. it was taken down a
serious objection, while it is doubtful whether even this
short time since and laid in a kitchen, and • person nearly
hill would fairly meet all the necessities of the case. It
trusts, therefore, its scope will be well considered before Put kis foot through it
its introduction. Mdlle. Patti has been unwell, and unable to per-
Returning to the story of the Simla eonrt-mar. form ; on Saturday night Mdlle. Pauline Castrl played as
thil, which is still the subject of hot debate in India, Prima donna esesguia. The sPeee. was Cri/Pi" e 14
the Times feels bound to say that nothing has yet appeared Costars.

ARMAMENTS IN RUSSIA.
A letter from Warsaw in the Posen Journal says .
Russia is secretly arming to a considerable extent—the
fact is undeniable. An incredible activity p revails in her
arsenals ; she is converting the old infantry muskets into
needle rites, and filling up the regiments ; in short, she is
putting herself in a condition to be prepared for any
event next spring. The superior officers believe they
will be called upon to enter on a campaign at that period.
However, it is only stating the truth to say that up
to the present no change has been wade in the
cantonments of the Russian army, and that the mili-
tary force has not been increased in the kingdom of
Poland. The Austrian frontier is u bare of Russian
troops as in ordinary times. A considerable number of
young men, natives of Galicia, who had taken part in the
last Polish insurrection, have just passed through Warsaw.
They had been sent to Siberia, but the Russian govern-
ment, at the instance of the cabinet of Vienna, has lately
set them at liberty, and they are returning to their homes.
, Scarcely half of these young men, it is perceived with
re.
1 Bret, have come back ; the others found their death in
Siberia, as much from the journey and the climate as from
i the painful labour to which they were subjected.

(REUTER'S TELEGRAM.)
EVACUATION OANGEF THE CASTLE OF ST.
LO.

ROME, Dm. 11.
At eight o'clock this morning the French flag
upon the Castle of St. Angelo was hauled down
and the Pontifical flag hoisted in its stead. The
French troops evacuated the Castle.
CIVITA VECCHIA, Dec. 10.
The 29th Regiment of the French troops has
embarked on board the Intrepide for France. An-
other frigate is expected to-morrow.