The Express.
London, England, 1859-08-22 00:00:00

THE PENINSULAR MAILS.

(NT ILICTITC AND UVITANATIONAL TZLIOIAPN.)
SOUTHAMPTON, le MONNINGI.
The. Sultan, with the Pninsnlar mails, palmed the
Needles at midnight.
The Sultan brought specie worth 4,3001. Count
de Thomas has left Lisbon as minister-plenipoten-

tiary to Brazil. The Spanish financier Salamanca,
has made the requisite deposit with the Portuguese
government for the provisional railway contract.
The olive crop will be short. 'the grape crop will
be an utter failure.

EXPRESS FROM PARIS.

(11.011 OUS OWN

PARIS, SUNDAY ETENTNO.

The Doke of Magenta (Manbal Maddskon) is
appointed to the grand military command at Lille,
and not Marshal Niel, who goes to Toulouse to take
the command which Marshal Bosquet,who has not re-
covered from the effects of his Sebastopol wounds, finds
himself compelled to give up. A reason suggested
for the substitution of MacMahon for Niel is that
the latter being on bad terms with Canrobert it
was thought desirable to remove him to a district is
far away from Nancy as possible. Notwithstanding
the emphatic declaration of the Emperor in the
Moniteur that the quarrel of the marshals was ne-
cerearily devoid of all interest, he having adjusted
their differences by his memorandum, it is
said that they both intend to print explanations
of their conduct at Solferino—not for publication,
bat for circulation among their respective friends.
Of coarse there is small chance that these memoirs,
which mast neormarily excite great interest in
military circles, wi►l long be kept private. The
new organisation of the grand military commands,
now called by the new name of " military anon-
dimements," appears tc-day in the Monifeur de
r.dreole. The five former commands are preserved
under the new title. Marshals Magnan and Ca..
tellane remain at Paris and Lyons; Marshals Can-
robert and Sammy d'Hilliers return to Nancy and
Tours; and, es I have already stated, Marshal Niel
supersedes Marshal Borquet at Toulouse. The
army of Africa becomes the 7th military arrondisse-
ment, under the command of General de Martini-
prey (a first-rate officer, late chief of the staff in
Italy), and the new military at.undissement (sum-
bored as the 2nd), is th►t created at Lille, and to
which the Duke of Magenta is appointed.
The troops, which, on the dispersion of the camp of
St.Maur,retorned to their barracks at Versailles,were
yesterday entertained by the municipality of that
city at one of the most splendid military banquets
that was ever given on a large scale. Tables were
arranged for 7,000 or 8,000 men io the
Orangery—a locality so magnificent io itself,

u to require no adventitious decorations.
Tbe appearanoe of the men u they marched clown

the celebrated staircase of one hundred steps to take
their seats at the dinner was most imposing. They
eat under the shade of the secular orange tress,
which are one of the glories of Versailles. The fare
was net 'merely substantial but delicate, and a bottle
erred wise and half a bottle of champagne was sup-
lied to each man. The chair sou taken by M. de
Saint *wasn't, the Prefect of Versailles, who was
supported by the mayor and several civilians. During
the dinner the Princess Mathilde, who came on-
expectedly, walked up and down the rows
cf tables, and talked familiarly with mere/
of the soldiers. Music enlivened the festival, whiek

°winded with a brilliant display of firewarks and
some entertainments by the Zonaves, who cave the
company a taste of those histrionic talents which
they so often exhibit in camp. One of the soap
sung by them was said to have been composed by
the lamented General Cler just before he left Africa
for the Crimea. The dirertiaseineots are continued
this day, and crowds of Parisians and visitors to
Paris have gone down to see them.

The Pays mentions with delight the news that
General Bourbaki hes arrived at Parma at the
head of a French division, and it evidently chuckles
at the idea that he is about to march upon Florence
(as the INdspertdones says be is), and to prepare
the way for the restoration of the dukes. The only
possible question, says M. Granier de Caseagnac's
journal, is not whether the dukes are to be restored,
but when and how the restoration is to be effected.

lam greatly in hopes, however, that the Pays
now represents only a bygone determination of
the Emperor. Events have moved so swiftly in
Central Italy that I think he most see the necessity
of taking them into account. A letter says that
when some little time since M. de &int threatened
I force' the Marquis Capponi replied firmly, " In that
case I should be sorry for my country, but I should
be still more sorry for the Emperor." The Tuscan
government, it is now said, does not fear a French
intervention.

PARIS, SATIMDAT EVININO.

The Bonne opened with Considerable buoyancy,
under the false impression, occasioned by a mistaken
reading of a telegram, that the Belgium Chamber had
thrown out the bill for fortifying Antwerp. The
Rentes rose to 69.25, but when the truth became
known that the vote of 58 to 43 was not against the
bill, bat against the adjournment of the debate upon
it, and that the passing of the bill may be considered
certain, a reaction *et in, and the Rent, closed vny
heavily at 68.85 for cash and 68.95 for account, with
a fall of 20 in each case. Mobilier fell 7.60. Them
was scarcely so mach as the variation of a franc in
the closing quotations of railway shares ; so little
business was done in them that it was difficult to
make a price.
'roe Eeglish newspapers which I reported as
seized yesterday on account of Louis Blanc's letter
were released at a very late hour in the evening. It
is well that good sense prevailed at last, but it would
be better if the first impressions of the functionaries
upon whom devolves the duty °fledging in the first
instance whether a foreign journal ought or not to
be confiscated were not so very often wrong.
The annual meeting of tam French Academy is
fixed for August 26th. Tickets are in great request.
it being known that M. Villetaain and M. Guizot
will make speeches.
All the accounts of the " return of the legions"
spoke of a handsome young officer with both hie arms
tightly bound in white linen ligatures, whose appear-
ance excited universal sympathy, and attracted the
particular notice of the Emperor. It appears that
on reaching the Rae Castiglione, from the Place
Vend6me, he fainted away. The NO of the Finance
Minister, who from the window of an adjoining hotel
saw the officer stagger and fall, instantly sent down
an arm chair, for which the crowd matte way, and
the wounded man was carried up-stairs and well
taken care of. He is a sub-lieutenant of the 91st,

who but recently left the school of St. Cyr. It
is stated in a report of the battle of Baldwin
that having his left arm broken by a Biscaien, he
was sitting down at the foot of a tree in the rear of
his regiment, wailing to have his wound dressed,
when a shower of bullets and grapeshot proceeding
from a cross fire between the French and Austrians
fell around him, broke his other arm, and struck hie
legs in several places. His head and body escaped
by a miracle.

ITALY.

SARDINIA.

(TROY 001 SPICIAL COMITOWDZIITI
MILAN, hoover 17.
The popular festival of the Arsaa,end the general
illumination of the Lake of Como which have been
the two greatest spectacles organised in honour of the
new Xing, have splendidly closed the series of Lom-
bard rejoicings. Victor Emmanuel will, therefore,
leave Milan for Turin this afternoon, bringing with
him vivid recollections of the splendid and hearty
reoeption he has met in his newly acquired province'.
The great festival of the Arena came off on Monday,
and it was one of the most magnificent spectacles
which could be offered to the gallant warrior of Pa-
lestro and Solferino. You know that close to the
triumphal arch of Piazza Castello, about a hundred
yards on the right, stands this large building,
which was erected in 1806 by order of the first
Napoleon. The Arena, or amphitheatre,wu designed
by the Milanese architect Canonici, and it is formed
of an ellipse, whose greater diameter is 780 feet, and
its lesser 390. It is a vast enclosure, surrounded by 10
rows of stone seats, arranged in the manner of the
Roman amphitheatres, and capable of contain-
ing 30,000 spectators. At one end of the greater
diameter ate the "Tine," or dens, flanked by
towers; at the other a triumphal Doric gateway of
granite, of the most exquisite design. At one end
of the lesser diameter is a portico of eight Corinthian
columns of polished granite, which is called " Pal-
vinare," and this is the place destined for the
select portion 4 the spectators. The Arena can
be flooded for naval exhibitions by letting the water
of the Naviglio into it tLrough a spacious sub-
terranean passage. On this solemn occasion the
Arena of Milan had been elegantly decorated
with festoons of flowery, Venetian masts, and
pennons floating from the summit of short flagstaffs,
upon which the numbers of the French and Pied-
monts*, regiments and the names of the battles
were inscribed. A host of French and Italian flags
were hoisted on the centre of the amphitheatre upon
long poles, which surrounded an elegant temple of
fireworks. The whole of the large enclosure was
thronged by a crowd of 30,000 epectatore, who
had come there to cheer the King, and to
solemnise the fete of his powerful ally. Races
of Italian horses, of Roman carts. performances of
jester", the ascension of Monsieur Godard's balloon,
and splendid fireworks, were the entertain-
ments given to the Milanese on that day.
It is true that, except the effect produced
by the fireworks, which was, indeed, very
fine, the other amusements were somewhat shabby

and poor displays. But what was really magnificent
was the general aspect of the crowded amphitheatre.
At six o'clock the King made hid appearance, and
took his seat on the Pulvinare, with Marshal Vai:-
lent and a brilliant French and Piedmontese staff.
Of coarse there were both in the emblems of the
ornaments and in the allusive figures of the fee-
works all sorts of compliments paid to the
French army and to the Emperor. An enormous
letter N, surmounted with an imperial crown, was
dazzling the eyes of the spectators from the top of
the triumphal Doric gateway. Under this letter
there was an inscription of thanks to the Milanese
ladies for the kind solicitade they have bestowed
upon the wounded of the army. When the fire was
put to the central temple, the words it Viva Na-
poleon', Viva Vittorio &Emanuele" appeared in a
blaze of tricoloured lights, which made the effect
really magnificent. It teems that both the King
and the French Marshal were greatly pleased
with the entertainments, for they did not leave the
Pulvinare till the performance was over. I need
suitably add that oa this oecsaion, ao on all ocea-
'ions, Victor Emmanuel was received with the
enthusiastic cheers of the spectator,. The
general illsmivation of the Lake of Como took place
last night. It is not in my power worthily to
describe the splendour of the scene which was offered
by the fit:pone lake on that night. It seemed to he
something supernatural, some apparition of another
world; it seemed the effect of a fairy Einem, the
apparition of a new Armida garden se it is described
by the Italian poet. From the harbour of Como to
the Punta di Tramezzo, and from that heavenly spot
to the Pliniana, all the villas and villages which dot
the two banks of the lake were a blaze of painted
lights. A myriad of coloured balloons were covering
hundreds of boats, which, running from 0)04 point of
that splendid mirror of waters to another, sok of

it a sort of fantastic and mid ball-room,
whore thousands of instruments were playing their
celestial humanise. It seemed as if tie divine
exiles of Olympus had met there to celebrate some
old festivity of the Pagan heaven : nay rather,
it appeared like oar own paradise, as the genius of
Milton pictured it. Fancy the whole of this fairy
scene animated by the gaiety and beauty of Italian
women ; fancy the harmony of their songs, the thrill
and glow of their enthusiasm, and you will still
form but a faint idea of what the Lake of Como

was on that entrancing night. The ladies were
almost all clad in light dresses of white muslin,
with their ebon hair uncovered, singing the tender
songs of their country. The goddesses of
those villas, the Martinis, the Litta Bo ninis, the
Visoonti Sanseverinoe, the Cutelbareos, and hun-
dreds of other fair Milanese ladies were in their
rich and elegant boats, throwing dowers
upon the rippling waters of the lake. It
was a scene to be witnessed nowhere, except at
Como, it was the combination of art and nature
carried to the utmost of human perfection. The
most important political incident of the Milanese
long festival was the toast made by Marshal
Valliant to the dejeuner dinatoire given by the King
the day before yesterday. The words spoken by the
old marshal on suck an occasion are too important to
excuse me if I report them in the original language
in which they were uttered. Victor Emmanuel
having proposed the health of his powerful ally,
Marshal Valliant rose and said :
Meeslears,js Tons propose de boire i Is saute de 8. M.
le Rd ; Au Rd chevalier, cpa that Is visMe et aoble 60.3
is la maim de &vele, epee pea as jeer de devil II resat
des salesditelllentes d'un hero., at qud a felt bast due
d elf Mei en seisll de PA:etre st de &Merino. An vaillent
capitate% as ride sonar qui as meads ni la falm, ni la golf,
al Is dried, ni I. Arad: 'kat le corps de fee Me
le Wine, dont le ccear is lion delle Is peril ;
as dads esti* belle et solids armee, dont le chapeau east
aid dreier Freassiee ear les Magee de Is ?der Noire sedans
laapislass de P 6, et qni geed pertout molar& Is di free kraals
de la adds; irerrefe Piiisonmise I An Roi Victor BelilMlol,
i son bonheur I Vire le Rol I
There is a report to-day,beit whether well founded
are not lam unable to state, that Count Area has
seaceeded in persuading the Emperor to lean the
people of Central Italy to themselves. If true this re-
port may explainthe orders sent to a French division
which had marched in the direction of Bologna to
return to its former quarters of Piaoenca. I have
heard from a good source that the Zurich conferences
are proceeding slowly. In the first meeting it has
been agreed that there shall be three distinct treaties
of peace. The first will be concluded between
I France and Austria, the second between the former
power and Sardinia, and the third, which will em•
body the main provisions of the others, will be signed
by the three belligerent powers.

(71011 OUR OWN

TURIN, Meyer 17.
As I suppose you will raisin some direct commu-
nications from Zurich, I shall not trouble you with
What I gather here tram persons not saintly on the
spot. The conferences then will be prolonged more
than was at first expected, because Austria, although
she does not absolutely refuse a European congress,
is trying in every way she can to settle the articles
of pesos in the present conferences. She is too well
aware that in a European congress she would meet
with no favour from any power as regards the affairs
of Italy ; and she has another and more powerful
Tenon besides. She has been advised and persuaded
by the clerical party, especially at Vienna, to avoid
and elude a congress. You know there is nothing
the Pope more dreads and abhors than to see the
Roman question submitted to such a diplomatic
council, or to have reforms in his own states so
much as suggested by it. It is now no longer
a secret to any one that no sooner was the
verification of the credentials over at Zurich, and
the discussion opened respecting the immediate
results of the cession of Lombardy, than Austria
brought forward pretexts well calculated to destroy
all hope of a speedy and amicable arrangement.
To obviate the untowardness of a yet greater mien-
derstanding--and what I am now telling you comes
from a most trustworthy source—the plenipoten-
tiaries agreed to draw up, not one common treaty,
but three : one between France and Austria, another,
equally distinct, between France and Sardinia, and,
lastly, a third between all the three powers. Sar-
dinia was the more willing to accept this tripartite
arrangement, as she hopes by so doing to pre-
serve better the respect she considers to be her due.
The most adverse clauses will not havebeen stipulated
by her either in a direct or spontaneous way, and in
the collective treaty at the end she can insist upon
some reservations that will keep her honour intact
in the public opinion of Italy. The priociple of
nationality must be recognised by all parties, for of
this principle Victor Emmanuel doss not mean for
a single instant to cease to be the representative and
champion. Notwithstanding all this, it is very hard
to believe, especially after the speeches of Lord John
Russell in the House of Commons, that the con-
ferences of Zurich can solve the present most intri-
cate and difficult Italian question. In a very few
days we shall know the wishes of the four central
Italian province., Tuscany, Modena, Parma, and the
Romagna. It is nearly certain what the vote will
be—namely, the same in all the four ; that it will
express a unanimous resolution not to have any re-
storation of the old forms of government, and a
wish tor annexation to Piedmont. If lam correctly
informed, the Sardinian cabinet, as soon es it knows
the wishes of the peoples in central Italy, and
receives officially their solemn tender of allegiance
to Victor Emmanuel, does not intend advising him
to refuse it, but to appeal to Europe and invite it to
deliberate both on the openly expressed desire of
the people and the right which this desire creates.
It does not seem possible to me that all this will
take place without exercising a powerful influence
on the conferences of Zurich.

The lets of the Emperor of the French wu oele-
brated the day before yesterday with pomp, not only
at Turin, but at Genoa, Milan, Modena, Florence,
and some other cities. Sincere applaue was be-
stowed, not only on the Ft ench army, but on Napoleon
111. himself. The Italians are recovering from the deep
grief and stupor occasioned by the abrupt peace of
%Instruct' ; they reflect that, at all events, they ought
not to show themselves ungrateful to the man
merely because he gave lees than he promised ; that
he might have given just nothing at all; and that
his promise will in some degree bind him for the
time to come. Be that as it may, the French govern-
ment is discountenancing the too great intimacy
springing up between the troops and the citizens,
and Marshal Valliant has accordingly refused the
request of the National Guards to be allowed to give
a banquet to the French officers.