The Express.
London, England, 1856-12-16 00:00:00

to it; and then the necessity of more slaves'
would have been felt. The foreign slave
trade would never have been stopped; laborer
would have been cheap (here No the main
fallacy); slavery would not have been abolished is
the Northern Slats.; there would have been no ins-
migration of whites, but the labour market would
bare been supplied from Africa; and to this, some
add, with a sigh for what they have lost, that the
vulgarity of republicanism would have died out
long ago, and a military despotism or oli-
garchical government would have been by this time
wall confirmed. It fell out otherwise, howern and not
from any singularity in the views of the leading
statesmen, but because slavery was disliked and
despised, and believed to be near its end. None
disliked it more than the people of Virginia, be it
observed. In 1798 WASHINGTON wrote to Sir JOHN
illscula that the antialavery laws of Pennsylvania
emehl not be long delayed in Maryland and Virginia.
nesiglisat the South. Georgia and South Quoins
min the cooly States which desired to retain slavery
Obi the readers of OLMSTED'S account of the latter
tossed act be reminded how very far from republican
wimp ib principles and aspirations when it became a
State of the Union. It has, from that time to this,
witnessed the remarkable spectacle of the perpetual
decline of the South in comparative wealth, porde..
Ise, and eivilintion, while at the same time the
lese of slavery was extending, the value of it in-
enning, and the political power of the South
beesalag awe and more preponderant over that of
a.Nert►. Hence its discontent; hems its threat to
eglit the Union • hence its policy of re-opening the
Mina slave trado, while it appears to have the
wee= control of the entire country.
Virginia wan siaking, and sinking through slavery
Whin WASHINGTON and JEFFERSON believed that it
send presently abolish slavery, and gave • pr.
ve power to Congress to stop the African slave
leads after an interval ending in 1808. They did
alt foresee that Virginia, rained by slave labour,
wised grow rich by slave-breeding. The dawned
he settee first raised the prim of ogress, and made
`breeding of that sort of stock profitable, after the
teak was prohibited. Eliza that, the rise in the
vales of labour, caused by the development of the
Heath (itself caused and sustained by the inamigru
lin of free labour), has perpetually raised the veins
d lam in every form, till the slave-breeding States
have pews rich (es the cotton-growing States say)
et the expense of sgricaltare and the planters. The
suttee-States cannot see, or do not choose to sue, say
other reams for their matinee= &glee sad
increasing

than the high pries
of slaves ; and they pretend to believe that
they could sustain the political power of the
South by weelth espial to that of the North,
if they were to forsake the Virginia 'market, and
draw their slaves hos Africa. One remarkable
result of this notion is that they now rival the aboli-
tionists in exposing the cruelties of the inter-state
slave trade, ignoring, on their side, the horrors of
the middle images. Another comsequesee is that
the slave•breeding States are already letting at
soma of the secrets of the agricultural States—hitherto

their friendly customers. Within a month Governor
Wm; of Virginia, has disclosed to Northern men the
Use ground of apprehension in the Slave States. It
le not the abolitioaiate: it is not the 'egress: it is
the "mean whites.* This due is now very numerous
(seven-tenths to thrsotenths of elaveholders); and it is
becoming desperate from the poverty and degradation
which &Met free labourers in a slave-holding
country. In Virginia they have an influence which
is not permitted in the active Slave States i
and the expectation of Governor Wan is that
they will be able to bring a bill into the
Virginia legislature, prohibiting the practice of me-
chanic arts by Degrees, in order to preserve onetime
of employments for poor whites. In opposition to
this the plasters, and the townsmen who support
them, are proposing to establish large manufactories,
by means of African labourers, and certain adver-
tisements before us show that slave labour is clfered
for the making of railroads, with the avowed object
of excluding free labour as too dear. We need not
dwell on the fallacy of any calculation which assumes
that free and slave labour are of equal quality. The
point of interest to us is that an endeavour is made
to drive awry free labourers over one frontier, while
African slaves ars to be imported over the other. To
this everything is to give way. The outspoken anti-
cipation of the agricultural Slave Slates is that
Pennsylvania first, and then all the other seaboard
states, will be carrying on a flourishing slave trade
within ten years ; that every " mean whits
will by that time have at least one slave of
his own : that the citizen of Massachusetts will stand
at the foot of the Bunker-hill Monument, to all over
the roll of his slaves: that European labourers will
case to seek their coast, or will be turned beck from it :
and that republican government will have given
plea to a military rule which may still preserve the
word because there may be no sovereign is the case,
bat which will wholly exclude labourers from poll-
deal existence, and concentrate rights and privileges
on the capitalists who own the labourers. The rola-
tam of this state of things to the :forage alliances of
the American people we have now no room to exhi-
bit. We may do it at another time. Meanwhile, we
have to secure our readers that the propoonden of
this retrogrades policy are evidently in earnest. We
need not add that they do not know the North—
neither its wealth, nor its intellectual TWITS* 3,
nor its insight, nor its spirit. They do
not know the North, if they conceive such
a reversal of its policy to be possible.
They do not understand political economy, or they
would not imagine that free labour could be putdown
at their pleasure. They do not know the world, or
they would not fancy they could make bee with
Africa, to snit their imaginary convenience. They
do not know the energy and sagacity which belong
to free labour in partnership with espial, or they
could not reckon on ensuring the cotton prodnetke
I of the world. Still they may be, and they evidently
are, in earnest, and they are humoured by at least
' one European power. If they are ever se sure of
failure in their scheme as a whole, it is one which we
are bound to understand as it premeds; and we shall
therefore allow no phase of it to pass unnoticed and
unproclaimed.

altopther devoid of weight. It i■ that the difficulty
of inventing entirely di tint and independent name
even foe the limited number of 671 streets (with
which the Committee of the Metropolitan Board of
Works repose to bogie) has already sorely tried
their inventive insanity. Already many of the
names suggested, end the reasons assigned for
adopting than, task the gravity of the public, sorely p
and a new and experimental Institution cannot afford
to make limit a laughing stook.
The Inconvenience, too, that will result from en
immediate and wholesale change of the names of our
metropolitan streets, will be very great. In title
deeds end mortgages, temente are oftendescribed
as 'imitated in a certain street. A change of name
may in the course of a few years place in peril pro-
piston and mortppes. Apia, the streets whose
names it is proposed to change are most of them
obscure and little known to the public at large.)
A long time will elapse before the altered=
becomes generally known. But from every
one of those obscure streets, individuals have
been constantly going forth to seek employ•
rant in the provisos', and in the colonies and
dependencies of the empire. Loos years may elapsel
before a settler on the Murrembidgee can learn that
the Clumbennet of his boyhood has been trans-
muted into a Eugene Aram or Handel street. He
may be dutifully trainloads; remittanses from his
hard-won earnings to his aged and infins parents,
and these remittances may never reach them, bemuse
the new postman is unaware of the aid name of the
street. The change will probably go far to defeat
the main object to which it is urged.
In short, by the proposed whop awls re-baptising of
our streets, the Board will run a fair chance of in-
volving themselves and their coutitunts in a series
of inextricable confusions end mistakes. They will
have enough to do (in addition to their more serious
duties) in devising appropriate name" for the new
streets that are every day springing into existence,
and in now and then changing the names of one or
two old Orson, when it can be den with advantage
and without hazard. There on be no disgrace in
backing oat of an undertaking which their loan
siderate good nature has allowed to be premed
upon them ; for this Christman frolic of throw-
ing everything into confusion by a whole.
sale change of our street nomenclature has
not originated with them. It is, in foot, a
dainty device for sparing trouble to stupid or lazy
postmen, and accommodating stupid and lazy letter
writers. We have shown that in many cases it
would add to the uncertainly of postal delivery.
We may add that it is only in eomparatively a few
ones that the identity of the names of streets is the
real one of letters going astray. The real cause is,
far more often, either the canleseness or stupidity of
those who Wrens the letters, or the indolence or
'tepidity of letter-meters or letter-carriers.

the i;ate of the letter-ouriers area ot so =busies but
that sash nay make Mine& neater of all the streets,
base, sad courts within his daily round. And as for
the meters, they appear to rely at times moss upon
sass-work than reflection. We have hoard of lettere
and book-parcels addressed to the British Mamas in
mart unchallenpable calligraphy, being carried in
suessesion to the Lyceum and to her Majesty's
Theatre, simply became of the Italian name of the
chief librarian. The Metropolitan Board of Works
lute quite enough to do without allowing itself to be
made the sospegoat of another set of publio servants.

PROROGATION OF PARLIAMENT*.
(THIS DAT.)

Parliament was this day farther penrosmed by
Bard Camatedes until Tuesday, tb 3rd d February as"
dun to wet for the despatch at bylaw's.

The Royal Cernaiesioaers bawls; taken their meets at
the feet of the throne. the Lord Chez °eller directed the
Ifoomatti timber of the Block B,d to annum " the Co..nese "to hear the oimeentteeion reed. Ia obedience to this
direction sae of the clerks sad the doorkeeper of the lower
bombe attended at the hu, as the reprearatatiree of her
If 'jetty's most faithfal Common, and the ottaralerion was
road accordiesly.

The LORD CHANCELLOR, la complies.' with the
Mum of the eautesiesion, then desired that the parliament
of Great Britain sad Ireload steed further prorogued util
the day simady named, sad that it was her Majesty's royal
will and pleasure that the said parliameat should then be
held sad sit at Westminster for the &speak of divers it.
gent sad important &Heirs ; and the lords spiritul sad
temporal, and the heights, Wilms, end burgesses, sad the
usesaimienen for shires sad burghs of the House of Com
mans were required te give their attendance sacrdingly.
The rereassey wes simply us of form.

'Ube Coml.

081301151. Dzo. 16.

Her Majesty the Queen, the Prime Comport, the
Prices of Weise, tee Primus Bassi, sad Primo Miss,
attaaded dM.. wales at Osten= yesterday. The Bee,
G. Pastimes *disked.

Visasest sad Vitoosator Palnatatow loft tows yoga-
day to Brefulkaia, Hash.

♦ ...ti., of the Phew Coonlttee of the Royal Con-
stantin for the Bablteltion of 1861, nu held yesterday at
W Privy Cowell Oloe. There were present Earl Oran•
'Ole (dalluve), Sir Meander Speannen, But., Sir Wil-
lis. Cabin, Kr. T. F. Gibson, and Mr. Idea Bowriag,
(f)•

. ..
Mr. H. R. Williams, Menial ofileer to the Commissim,
was also preseot.

Lord Nathan left Leaden yesterday.
Despatches frees the Goverser of the Cape of Good Hem
mid ales hen the Lord High Cossetheloser of t►e labs
leleade, were resolved yesterday at the Celestial Mee.

Tho maativa committee have reams to hove that
the Qwww nay Meow the Grist BahlWein of moat year
at llanahrator with • royal visit. The oonsitto• arm
owpoworoi to state that his Royal Higbee Prince Albert
has orpooond his Woad= of hosoarieg tko opening out.
metal of ozbibition la May nut with hie promo,.
Hi. Highness Maharajah Dhalasp Singh, Priam
of Lahore. accorapaaloil by Sir Jobs Logi*, has @Mood at
Clasidio's Hoed, from a visit to bar Ilsj eat", at ooberao.

TM Doke seed Dubois of itiohmt;d and Lady
&Alia Gordo. Leases, sad** !Moan Edward of Sam-
Weimar, lam tows tomsorrow, for Goodwood, for Carlot-
ta& HU &rose Memos Priem Edward of flaze-Widiaar,
who is at Aidoralsott, will kola rho bury drab seat week.
_ _

Ir every one of the multitudinous streets of Load=
is to have as entirely dietinet and arbitrary name, it
will be utterly Impossible for our oilmen to serve an
the guides of strangers—or even inhabitants—to re-
mote loaalities, se they are often °ailed upon to do. No
mere mortal memory can retain so many names. Bat
if Loam is parcelled out into districts, and a cow
paratively few names of streets multiplied by the
addition of the names of districts, this lateral
elsasilleaties will serve as a most effective aids
memoirs The simple name King or George street,
gives no indication of the etreet's whereabouts t it
may be at Milrend, or at Kensington, for aught
that appears. Bat King-street. Keasiegton,
or King-street, Piccadilly, or Warmest, Bt.
Paul's, or Klaystreet, Tower-hth, would at aces
indicate its own leeality. The proposed sew emen-
dators for our streets rests apes an esteems system.
If adopted, it will isms, imbed of diainishing
ecstasies. To this cossideratias say be added
another, which, Omagh of miser impresses, is set

The Earl of Ca;digan is entertaining a succession
of visitors at Naas-park, sear !Letter's,.
Lady Howard de Walden and the Hon. Misses
Ellie arrived ha tows, at the dose of lett week, frost skill's
the TM sad Coast's' of Jeremy, at Middleton-park, seas
Bleeder, sad have etas" gone to join hie kedshlp at the
British Lastige st liressrls.

The Dowager Lady Riglen, widow al the Wonted

Commeader-ia-Chief ei thee Army Is the Beet, is about to
emit a mamma to the stamen of her 'afloat bushead la
the beautiful little ehareh of Bedielasn i• Gleassatershire,
where the remain of the resented genre! are deposited
with than M ►b'obis sweeten of the house of Beaufort.
The meanent is of almat design, sad embellined with
warlike attribute. ♦ mural Watt is also lo be meted I.
the military numb is Birdaad►welk, isotoo'eltml, to
the memory of the rested Field• Marshal, opposite to a
memorial motel by t►e odious of the Guards to the m-
ummy M his on. Maim Filmy doeserset, who was killed at
the battle of Moodkee.

The mooed public ropeeesatetioe of the a Andria" of
Terease—the wady related by As Quirt's sabelan Ise
perfonaues at It. Peter's &heel this C►ristmas—teok plies
yesterday main fa the praises el a amorous aad
fashiesable smothery. Lang As seaway mead were
his Riteellesery the Belem Minister, X. Vaa de Weyer;
the Very Rev. *a Data el Wsetalfuter. Dr. Traub; the
Veaerable Arelsdesess Leas Prior; Sir David Dudes;
Mr. J. G. Pidillaers. 0.C., M.P. ; the Rev. C. D. Batt,
Head Master; the E.. Owe lepton ; Hr. P. W. Made,
; Mr. H. L. Wietikaaa; Dr. W. E. Pap; sad leveral
of the ilkestriesissief the seiteol.

c" THE EXPRESS, TUESDAY EVENING, DECEMBER 18, 1858.

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