The Express.
London, England, 1859-07-06 00:00:00

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LONDON, IVBDNILSDAY, JULY 8.

TIM House of Lords was last night again the
sone of oue of those intemperate displays which
excite equal astonishment and pity here, but curry
their indignation abroad, where their origin is mis-
understood. Irritated apparently at the unanimous
and unmistakeable determination manifested by the

whole nation in numberless meetings a few weeks
ago, a handful of Peers are determined to spare no
effort to provoke a deadly and bitter war with the
great nation across the Channel. Let those noble
persons be assured that they will find the
resolute good 'ease of the people too strong for them,
For their own sakes, however, they might hold a
more measured language. When they tell us that
they feel no confidence in the maintenance of pesos
they compel us to remind them that the nations
not infirm. We do not look to octogenarians for
confidence, but we may at least expect that old age
will bring discretion. The excuse for insulting
France with intolerable imputations is the pre-
tended importance of satisfying the people of this
country of the necessity of submitting to those
charges which the extension of our naval and mili-
tary precautions requires. But the pretext is fri-
volous. There is no party in England prepared
to offer resistance to any measures which may be
brought forward on the responsibility of the Govern-
ment as necessary to the defence of the country. The
Duke of SOMERSET and Mr. SIDNEY HERBERT have
only to show the Howse of Commons what they
want for the Army and Navy, and to have it. On
whatever other subjects people differ, all agree that
these shores must be provided with a complete and
impregnable defence. But while the nation is
prepared to pay any amount of taxes to
protect the country against foreign aggrea.
lion, we are much mistaken if it will be
willing to bear heavy burdens in order that
a few superannuated lords may retail the malignity
of aristocratic saloons in the Imperial Parliament.
To raise armies and fleets that we may live at home
or parents oar business all over the world in peace is
one thing ; to maintain them that we may feel inso-
lently superior to the common obligations of neigh-
bourhood is another ; and we very much doubt
whether the brilliant bat incendiary eloquence of
noble and learned orators will be thought an
adequate compensation for the doubled premium it
must entail. If speeches like those delivered in the
House of Peers—such as those of Thursday, Friday,
and last night—are to be tol• rated, our peace, while
it lasts, will be no better than an armed truce.

TUE Battle of Solferino has, at all events, proved
one thing—that brute courage is nothing unless it
be directed by military science. The French Generals
in the Crimea had seen much more actual service
than the Exrnton, bat it is evident that they had
neither the natural genius nor the knowledge of
principles which their master possesses. He does
not trust to the chapter of accidents and the courage
of his men. Not only his he studied under some of
the beat officers in Europe, but he has followed the
advice of his great ancestor by reading again and
again the campaigns of the great masters of the
art of war. The result is that he not only under-
stands how to mantruvre his army on the field of
battle but his arrangements are such that his men
are ready when they are wanted, and phy-
sically capable to execute his orders. What
might have been the issue of Solferino had the
Austrians been allowed quietly to carry into effect
the arrangements they had made, it is difficult to
say. They had nine corps-d'armee, amounting, ac-
cording to some, to 180,000 men, according to others,
to 250,000. The position which they had selected
was one of the strongest conceivable. From Pozzo-
lengo, some four miles from the Mincio, it ran'
southwestward along a series of heights to Solferine,
where these heights abruptly descended into the
plain. In the plain the line of battle was supported
by various villages, and there was the amplest
scope for their cavalry' so famous throughout
Europe. The centre, resting on Solferino and the
village of Cavriana in rear, might well be deemed
impregnable—bad it been properly occupied. But the
line of battle was too feeble. Insteadof two corps-
d'armee t here ought to have been four. Of the nine corps
which FRANCIS JosErit had, three—namely, the
2nd, the 101, and the 11th—never came into action
at all. Calculating, probably, that the attack would

commence four or five hours later, the 10th and
11th were despatched on so wide a circuit that they
failed to reach the field in time, whilst the 2nd was
kept close upon Mantua. it has been said, indeed,
that the French EMPEROR had secret information
which enabled him to anticipate the movements of
the enemy. However this may be, it is certain that
whereas the Austrians determined to begin the
attack about nine o'clock, the French EMPEROR
had ordered his columns to begin their advance
at two in the morning, and they came
upon the enemy about five o'clock. At once
the French EMPEROR made his arrangements for a
great pitched battle. Seeing that Solferino was the
key of the position he reinforced BARAGUAY DTIL-
LIERS with the Guards, and by their persevering
efforts as well as by the flank attack executed by the
Hake of MAGENTA, succeeded in carrying this seem-
ingly impregnable rock, standing out in the plain.
It seems unquestionable that had the Austrian re-
serve been at hand to occupy Carden*, a position
almost as strong as Solferino, they might still have
continued the contest, and might, perhaps, have
won the day. But reserves there were none. Tae
centre was completely pierced, and the French
rushed on along the heights towards Volta.
The fact that the Austrians were fighting with a
ricer in their rear rendered it almost necessary for
them to extend their line in order to cover the various
bridges which were their only line of retreat. And
the same fact compelled their speedy retreat ; for it is
obvious that even though they were snecreafal on
their right against the Sardinians, the French, vic-
torious in the centre, might have pushed on, de-
stroyed the bridges, and annihilated the whole right
wing of the enemy. And such was the view of the