The Express.
London, England, 1851-01-11 00:00:00

LODGINGS.

The following is the gnawer which has been returned by
the exocutire committee to person requesting to know
windier the royal commissioners nadertaka to find lodgings

for artisans visaing to ue the Exhibition

Office for the Executive Committee. Exhibiffon
Budding, Hyde Park, 1851.
Sir,—ln answer to your letter on the subject of lodgings
in London for artisans during the ptriod of the Exhibition,
I am directed by the executive committee to inform you
that the royal commissioners Co Dot intend to undertake to
find lodgings for persons visiting the Exhibition, or to in-
terfere with individual enterprise. The executive committee
recommend that you should employ some London 'gent to
secure lot you the lodgings you require, and the committee
will be ready to afford your agent every information in their
r_wer.—l am, sir, your most obedient servant, DIOIT
WYATT, like.

It cannot be too widely known, and should be Imprensa
on the minds of all who have the success of this great under-
taking at heart, that no ctrcular referring to the business of
the Exhibition is of the slightest value or authority, unless
bawd, as t►e above is, by order of the commissioners.

The visitors to the building during the put week have
been very aienterotta.

liAttl3Clo, JAW, the objects sent from this
city to the Lind= Estibiths; h the work of a sculptor
named Empalme'. The sleet* h taken from the northern
sayasokrgy. It reprnenta the life, the struggle, and the fall
of the As® (northern god) and the Einheriar (defunct
heroes), as related in the " Edda." A part of the &fin
which contains these filmes k executed in plaster ; the re-
mainder is drawn on paper.
Roses, Ditc. 31.—The Holy Father has ordered that the
expenses of the transport of objects to the London Exhibition
should be borne by the slate.

CUSTOMS DiPARTMEXT AT THI CRYSTAL PALACE.—The
Board of Customs bars by Minute appointed the following
gasolene' for special duty is Hyde Perk during the ensuing
Grand Indintrial Exhibition :—Mr. Rolls, of the Landing
Surveyor's office, as chief; ILL T. Farman, searcher, comp-
troller of accounts; and Mr. Id. D. Crssbie, chief clerk.. A
numerous stud of clerk., weighers, ike., will also be tea-
-1 nested with the department for the pumas of examining
the geode, Is., transmitted from foreign countries. It ls
Intended that the duties of the department shall commutes
ox Feb. 1.

POLICE REOCLATIONS.—Varione reports have bun float-
ing about relines to the police arrangements in °anisettes
' with the Exhibition. Oa the one hand it has been useeted
that as importation of foreign detectives was about to tabs
place; on the other it was confidently stated that the polies
force of the metropolis was about to be doubled. Neither
of these reports can be said to be strictly correct.
The arrangements, so far u they have been per.
faded up to the present time, consist simply In the
reorganisation cf the superannuated officers. At pre
sent, we mar state on authority, the Police Commie-
Sonars do not intisid to provide any further pollee forge
than that we have indicated. It hu been finally deter-
mined to protect the immediate vicinity of the Ezhibitios
Badding with military; but, whether or sot it will be
secesary to import a foreign detective force remains, we are
Informed, a matter for future consideration.

Th. registrati It bunnies of the Exhibition, ceder the
sassageseat and eoperfntendenee of Captain Ibbetsea, will
belie:signed to the building itself on the In February.
Tb. temporary hoardings by which the respective cow
tries and dames are to be separated and indicated ese being
Sneed mead the district. assigned to them.

LINCOLNSHIRE PAPAL AGGRESSION ADORE/A.—
/tithe, itt, for some reseal (says the Stanford Memory),
time has cot bees a general minty usetiag as the subject
of the Papal apittagoo, we Had that so whines to the
Qaeea has beta eatatteival/ gazed.

THE
MANUFACTURING DISTRICTS.

• •••
COTTON MILL DESTROYED BT FIRE. •
DAMAGE £22,000. ' "
MANCHE/3 JAN. 10.
At ea early hour this mortat4 one of the most
lorloss Bros we have had for • Ines time in this district
broke out at the mill of Muni Wallace, Wateturst, and
Tbompoon, cotton spinners and manufacturers, Chepstow-
earegi, Oxford•rood, kterreberter. The mill of Messrs
Welkin sag Co. we. apparently a nearly new erection' and
oats
ca of the loftiest and finest pieces of masonry of the kind
to look at in the town. It was eight storeys high, each storey
befog of more than the average altitude for such buildings,
was of substantiel proportions, with gnome faciers, string.
seen" and pediment, arid had an Imposing appearance. It
was filled to a groat extent with new machinery of modern in-
elation, end both building sad stock were consequently of the
most valuable description. It stood on the northerly side of
Chepstow-street, being bounded on the out and at the back
by two arms of the Junction Canal, which here divide and
nto at right angles. On the west side of it is the eztensive
milt of MINIM Wadkin and Co., spinners and sewing cotton
manufacturers, pert of this building abutting doe* upon the
rear of Messrs. Wallace and Co.'s mill. The lire broke out
'bout a quarter before six. The hands began to assemble
in the mill and light it up about holy-put five o'clock in
the morning, and to make other preparations for commencing
work at six o'clock—the hour now prescribed by the Fee.
tones Act for starttog the machisery. A boy went up to
fight the gas in the uppermost, or eighth storey, and after
performing his teak returned to the 'onto= of the mill. No
cog was with him, and in what way In performed
bit lark is not known; but about a quarter to
six o'clock the men who bad lighted the gar in
the seventh storey gave an alarm of fire, declaring
that he had been up into the eighth floor, and saw the whole
of the far end of that storey is a blue. The whole of the
hands were thrown into the utmost consternation. Fortis.

nately one of the overlookers bad more presence of mind
than the rest, and yenning to a cab stand he got into a
vehicle and drove off to the fire police yard, and gave the
alum there, so that speedy assistance was soon on the
spot. Mr. Rose, manager of the fire polio*, hastened with
two engines to the spot. and was followed to the /trembles
very speedily by three other engines, and all, with their
full appointments of men, were speedily in a condition to
commence operations. The distance of the mill from the
fire engine yard is not more than hall a mile. The mill,
however, end especially that portion of it in which
the fire originated, were most difficult to approach.
By this time both the eighth and seventh storeys cf the mill
were in a blue, but the part of the building which was burn-
ing most fiercely, and in which the fire was the most dense,
was that overlooking the angle of the two branches of the
Junction Canal. boors mentioned. The opposite sides of
the canal are covered with buildings almost to the water's
edge: the north shore having upon it the chemical works of
Messrs. Henry and Co., arsenic manufacturers, the works of
Nathan, Loyd, and Co., chemists and drysalten ; and the
cotton mill of Mr. Alderman Sharderces; and the east shore
the timber yard and buildings of Messrs. flay, Nash, and
M'Kean. 'The moat appproachable side of the building was,
consequently, the Chepstow-street side. But here the two
engines which first arrived bad to wait for ten
minutes or a quarter of an hour before they could
get • supply of water from the street mains. Then,
when they bad carried the hose up a winding staircase
at that point nearly 90 feet high, and introduced the jets to
play upon the fire, the part of the room in which the fire
burnt most fiercely was still nearly forty yards distant-40
yards being nearly the utmost distance such jets will cover
with any effect, even on the ground, and leaving out of
question the height to which the water had to be lifted
The state of things, it will bs seen, was most difficult, sod
the result was the most disastrous. The floors had a slight
inclination towards where the jet men stood at the door, and
though Mr. Roes and his best men boldly faced the ft emu,
and directed jets of water into both the seventh
end eighth stories, it was under most disheartening
circumstances; the water poured back upon them in a
torrent, owing to the inclination of the Boors, and the Runes
roared and fairly seemed to revel among the oily materiels
surrounding the machinery and along the floors, mocking in
the distance every attempt to reach them with any
considerable stream of water. I have stated that the
building had an imposing and substantial appearance, but
I have been assured that the proportions of the materials on
which the floors rested, and of which they were composed,
were very deficient. The result was, that about seven
o'clock, Mr. Rose and the men along with him at the
Chepstow end of the two upper storeys were soddenly
claimed by a noise like an explosion, and the next instant, to
their terror, they saw about thirty feet in length of the far
end of the two floors snap asunder and fall with the roof
and superincumbent machinery upon the floor below. Nor
did they step here: the whole of the !hors below sunk
beneath the crash, a large portion of the eastern and northern
walls fell outwards towards the canal, and the hitherto con-
fined and caged-up flames burst forth into the open atmo-
sphere, lighting up the h and discovering the whole
of the north end of the buildiog • masa of ruins. Fortu-
nately the antithesis by which they had ascended was • solid
anl substantial piece of stonework, and they were enabled
to descend in safety. But with. the fall of the north end
of the building the (lulu had access to the whole
of the other storeys below, and the entire pile at
the south end became ignited almost sinsultainowly.
Whilst Mr. Rose, and the men under his imme-
diate direction, played on the fire from the south end
of the pile, u described above, • party of his men with an-
other engine had played upu the north end from the
chemical works of Messrs. Henry and Co., and the sheds of
Messrs. Nathan, Loyd, and Co., but the we're of the canal,
which they were obliged to uee, was thick and muddy, and
being difficult to pass through the valves the engine acted
very inefficiently. They had, however, • very narrow eecaps
of destruction by the fall of that end of the mill, fur the im-
mense wall at the north end when it tell out on on the
napping wader of the floors, not only covered the whole
width of the canal but the sheds of Messrs. Henry
and Co. and Mews. Nathan, Loyd, and Co., in which
they were stationed, entirely destroying the two sheds
end levelling them with the ground. The corporal
in charge had fortunately seen an indication in the
bulging out of the wall of the mill of the com-
ing danger, and had just removed his engine and men,
or it is probable that manly lives would have been lost.
It is easy to conceive that ter this occurrence the fire had
full sway over the whole bsilding, and I regret to soy that
the whole mass it now a heap of ivies. The firemen are
playing on the ruins up to the moment I write, but they
have saved a small range of buildings balongiog to the firm
on the westerly side of the mill, and they hare p ted a
single timber of the extensive mill of Messrs. Waelkin and
Co., in such dangerous proximity to it, from befog itjured.
Messrs. Wallace and Co. had an insurance on the build.
ing in the Peasilz office to the extent of 6.000/.; on
their valuable machinery and stock, in the West of
Ragland aloe, to the amount of 4,0001., in the Alliance
of 4,0001., in the Royal Exchange of 4,0001., and
in the Manchester of 4,0001. Total, 72,0001. This
amount it is expected will barely cover the low—indeed
it is thought to fall rather below the total amount cf loss.
The loss to Messrs. Henry and Co. the chemists, by the
r destruction of their shed, is estimated at 1501., and of Messrs.
~ N. Loyd and Co., by the destruction of one of their sheds,
is between 2001. and 3001. The greatest credit is due to
Mr. Rose and his firemen for their vigorous efforts to
check the fire. An immense crowd of people were at.
traded to the spot, from the circumstance that the fire oc
tarred just as great numbers of workmen were passing to
their daily employa•ata as It broke out. The youth who
lighted the gas in the top storey of the mill, and who is
r supposed to have been the cause of the fire, has not been
sees, though searched for, since the firs broke out, and
whether he is keeping out of the way fearing blame, or
, knowingly deserving of blame, is not at this moment
' known. Between 400 and 600 workpoople it is said have
been thrown out of employ by this shidelag catastrophe.

LIVERPOOL FINANCIAL REFORM ASSOCIATION.—
Tbe council of this society have issued a document, in which
they say In consequence of the expiration of the sein-
ing income tax in the course of this year, and the prospect of
• surplusresessue, there is little doubt that fiscal questions
will occupy, during the coming seesion, an unusual share of
the attention of parliament; and that the deliberations of
the government and legislature will be seriously embarrassed
by the confiictiog claims of numerous important interests,
all eagerly seeking and urgently needing relief from their
several peculiar burdens. Under these circumstances, It
becomes of the highest importance that public opinion should
he immediately and clearly expressed, In such a manner as
may secure the benefit of whatever reduction of taxation
may be afforded to the largest number ; or, in other words,
to the poor and struggling classes, upon whom the present
system presses with moot unfair and oppressive weight.
The public health, the education and morale of the
people, lad, not less than these, the opening of
sew and extended sources of employment, ought to
be the first objects of consideration with the legis:ature.
Justice and sound policy alike dictate the adoption of every
poe ibis means of mitigating that artificial and exaggerated
competition, from which both employers and employed are
new suffering to a lamentable extent in almost every depart-
ment of trade; and It fellows as a consequence, that all taxes
Interfering injuriously with the national industry ought to
be repealed forthwith. It is well known that this assolle.
Lion has Ism advocated the entire abolition of all fiscal
burdens or ?moieties* spot Wintry, and the enactment, in
lieu, of • simple and equitable system of diver. taxation.
Whither pubbe opinion be yet fully prepared for so great a
ohmse may admit of question but the council coact'se that
to barter health, and life it el( for revenue—to Perpetuate
ignorant*, and brutal vice and depravity with it, for • price;
or to deny to any man, by law, whether fiscal or other .
mutton not, the privilege of honestly earning his bread by'
any mean. in his power, are nothing abort of grimes against
society, concerning the extinction of which there ought to be
neither epistles nor delay."
ATROCIOUS AND BILITAL OCTRAOE.—At the
Cumberland seesloes, on Thursday. Richard Greeshow,
Thomas Greenbow, John Hogg, and Willie's Hodpoo, foss
able-bodied men, were charged with having committed a
riot, and an atrocious and brutal result upon Wm. Thosp-
Km, at Salutes, near Peoria. They wen sentenced—
Richard Ormultow, the riegleadm, to six months' imprison-
ment with bard labour ; Thomas Groluthow end Hoag termer
months' imprisonment with hard labour; sad liedpin to
three mouths' Imprisonment with dud labour.

CALENDAR OF O? lIRATIONS FOR THE
INO WEEK.
• (Prointhe Gardener's Chroniar.)
"Alts sigh the Oommencoment of the winter is the
time for extensive grand operations, and pertictt-
.
=draining, entrain', and planting, whether in the
kitchen garden Cr groins:le; yet, where it is required to be
' done, no time should be lost in setting about it; and during
no period of the year will work be more acceptable to poor
labourers than during the 11.41'4 cold trying period of mid-
winter and early spring. Planting may awl be done in mild
' weather, and where draining, trerehing, or moving soil bat
to be carried on extensively, trap weather, if the ground is
not too hard. often facilitates the work. The effectual drain-
ing of all ground, whether for producing crops of vegetables
or for rendering pleasure grounds or plantations more dry
and enjoyable, is of paramount importance; and for this
purpose the water should be removed to a level at least form
Int from the surface. Clays, which, during summer, were
hard and difficult to break up, will, now they are softened by
the reins of winter, be more essily cut; and the draining may
be carried on at lees expense than at any other period. Where
large trees, such as elms, ash, or sycamore exist, it is advisable
not to cut the drains too near them, so their roots often en-
tirely stop up the pipes, thus rendering useless the outlay of
large sums, and ceasing much annoyance and disappointment.