The Express.
London, England, 1851-10-25 00:00:00

THE EXPRESS, SATURDAY EVENING, OCTOBER 25, 1851.

would a candidateship, the defect of which it is avowed
would be to divide the conservative party in the Assembly,
*mete nlly the same party at theeleetions t They temelude
from all this that the article of the Debah had in
object, if not to withdraw the eandidateshipi of the
Prises de Joinville, at least to veil it. We are of
this opinion. We will add that, according to the explana-
tion given by the Dtiben, the article was caused by Stock
liachange reports, by the announcement of a manifesto
which, it was said, would clearly bring forward the ean-
didateship of the Prince de Joinville. This report
did not appear to be without some foundation. It
is at least certain that the fervent Orleaniste thought
the moment well chosen to take a new step in
this canlidateship. The article of the DAats has
interfered to oppose it, and, if it is not itself a step
backwards, it has prevented the one in advance. However
it may be, one thing astonishes and distresses all those
who, without espousing the cause of a monarchy, or of
an Orleanist eandidateship, have at heart the consideration
of the royal house of Orleans ; it is, that it is wished to make
a prince of that house play a part without daring to avow
it ; and to have a cal.didateship of salvation for the country,
and yet appear to conceal it, as if it were a bad action. Let
them speak candidly ; the name of Orleans is a name which
they might loudly declare. Under existing circumstances,
serums political men ought not to speak in enigmas; they
ought not to make use of words in order to avoid expressing
their ideas.

In the exhibition of the Royal Academy this year
many of your readers may have observed a beautiful
picture by Mr. K M. Ward, representing the royal
family of` France in the prison of the Temple. At
the feet of Marie Antoinette, who is mending the
King's coat, and casting an anxious glance at her
husband, while he slumbers uneasily on the prison
couch, there is seated a girl, whose lair ringlets look
no yet unsulled by powder. Ihe destiny of that
young captive prim:, ss has just been completed. She
died the other day at Frohsdorf, full of years and sor-
rows. Maria Theresa of France was thirteen years old
when she entered the Temple to share the captivity
of her father, her mother, her brother, and her aunt.
She saw successively full around her all whom she
loved: her father was guillotined on the 21st of
January, 1793; her mother shared a like fate on the
16th of October; her aunt, Madame Elizabeth, on
the 9th of May, 179-1; her brother expired in his
prison on the Sib June, 1793. Left alone of this group
of victims, the young princess was only restored to
liberty in December 1795, when she was exchanged
for the commissaries which Dumouriez had delivered
up to the Austrians. Madame Royale, as she was
called, went first to Vienna. In Mae, 1798, she re-
joined her uncle, afterwards Louis XVIII., at Mittau,
where she married her cousin, the Duke d'Angoulkne,
eldest son of the Count d'Artois, afterwards Charles
X. The Duchess d'Angoukme followed all the vi-
cissitudes of her exiled tinnily on the continent, and
afterwards in England, where she resided at Ilart-
well, in complete retirement, until the restoration.
On the 4th May, 1814, she returned to Paris with
Louis XVIII.; she was at Buideaux when the
Emperor landed at Cannes. Forced again
to quit the country, she returned to Eng-
land, and again came back to l'uris on the 28th
Jule, 1813. Fifteen years after, in the same month
of July, a new revolution again drove her into
exile, where she finally expired, having at her side
the heir of her royal lineage', her nephew, in whose
favour her husband had abdicated his title to the
throne of France. Like many other princesses who
have suffered through popular revolutions the
Duchess d'Angoulioie leaned towards absolutist
principles of government. And the only important
political fact connected with her demise la that she
was one of the most influential of that party about
the Count de Chambord whose suggestions may be
yet pregnant with fresh disasters to the elder branch
of the Bourbons. _

The legitimists go into mourning for six months
for the death of the Duchesse d'Angouli•me as for a
royal decease.
The Fives closed to-day at 90.11, with a fall of
20e. The Threes also fell 20c., and closed at 5.16 a.
Ihere was some talk at the Bourse about M. Billault
being, after all, charged with the Ministry of the
Interior. The illness of the Pope, reported be• a
Turin paper, was also a matter of speculation. The
prolongation of the ministerial interregnum is re-
garded as greatly prejudicial to commercial affairs,
and the Bourse as beginning to be disturbed thereby.

THE KAFFIR WAR.

eeetnepond ent at the Cep says :—During the
=11•10, .7 the troops in Kaffruia were out on three
'.lbe first of these, which returned very early in
the =oath, was intended to have been a combined one,
under Col. Michel of the 6th, Capt. Tylden and Gen.
Somerset, but failed in being so, for they each acted in-
dependently, end the result was that success fell only to the
lot of one; while of the other two—one lost cattle to a very
considerable amount, and in the other the amount of killed
and wounded among our troops was greater than at any
period since the first brush or two that ushered in the war.
Col. Michel was fortunate enough to take about 1,600
cattle from the enemi, Tylden congratulated himself on
haring lifted Inoue 300 cattle till he found out that the
KOHN, taking advantage of his absence, whistled away
no less than 1,000 head from his own people, thus leaving
him with a less of 700. The loss that occurred
in the division acting from Fort Hare (Somer-
set's), was in the 74th Regiment. This regiment behaved
with great bravery, and never flinched, though under a
heavy fire ; but being unused to such fighting their command-
ing officer, on approaching a body of K affirs, ordered his men
to deploy in line and fire volleys into the bush, instead of
skirmishing in small parties, which is the only way to meet
this most wary of foes. The consequence of this manoeuvre
was, that whenever the 74th fired a volley the Ruffin were
safe under cover of stones and bushes, all ready to start up
and fire into the large body of men that they could now
attack in safety to themselves, and with the certainty of
doing some execution. Some five or six of that fine regi-
ment were killed, and about seventeen wounded, with one
officer. The next patrole went out under Colonel Michel,
to the Fish River bush, to endeavour to clear it sufficiently
of the marauding parties that infest it to admit of waggons
and escorts passing safe between the colony and Katfraria.
Those who infested this very dense bush are chiefly Hot-
tentots and Kaffin lately in employment in the colony, and ,
being acquainted with our habits, and to a certain extent !
skilled in the use of our weapons, they are a most dan-
gerous enemy, perhaps the most so among the many we
have now about us, fur, in addition to this skill which we
have taught them, they know the value of combining it
I with the cunning and wariness that oelong to their race.
In this patrole there was little or nothing done, fur the
enemy is as expert as any Kaffir in getting under cover,
and in general he fires as straight as we do. We lost three
or four of the 6th Regiment, and took sixty cattle, with
some women and children. While this patrole was out
Col. Eyro 73rd ltegt., conducted another in the Buffalo
Range, where he took 240 head of cattle, and inflicted on
the Kaffir a loss of 12 killed, a few of whom were recognised
as having belonged to the Cape Mounted Riflemen. Ano-
ther, and third patrole, was ordered to start on Tuesday,
the .'9th of July, The orders were for every efficient man
to leave King William's Town on the morning of that day,
to provision Forts White and Cox, and then it is thought
to work up the Amatolas in order to harass Sandilles people
us much us possible.
The only certain result brought about by all this mo-
notonous marching and countermarching °rpm/vies between
King \ Town and different places in the enemy's
coantry is, that both Englishman and Kaffir are
heartily sick of this wearisome war. In as far as the com-
batants are concerned, they would hail with delight any
measure that would end it ; and whatever appears to lead to
this mu-h-longed-tor consummation is eagerly caught up
and retailed Irons mouth to mouth, so that from this strong
wish for a termination to hostilities may have arisen the
hequeut reports that the war was on the eve of closing.
The soulless generally dislike this war from the apparently
Unsatisfactory results that attend almost every action they
en in ; and they feel little disposed to he in good humour
by thinking of the effects id the aggregate of a continued
repetition of them on the Kaffir. They suffer a good deal
from exposure when out ou patrole, and when they conic in,
have only the ordinary commissariat tents to go to, that
Use iusullicient to keep out either heat or cold. Besides,
there is neither glory nor plunder to be got in a war with
Xaitlrs, nothing they say but hard work. The Kaffir*
again wish the war over—not that they have lost much
cattle, ler those who have the beet means of knowing, say
they have not lost so many us we have, but because their
herds MU getting lean from over driving, in order to keep
them out of the way of patroles. They begin to feel the
incouvcri'mce of having no Kraals to go to • and besides,
the season for ploughing and setting about the cultivation
of their maize, millet, and water melons, is now coming
on, and the Kaffir does not like to see the time pass away
without doing so. Besides the, more general reasons fur
knowing that the Kaffir is getting anxious to have the war
concluded, there is strong ground for belxv lug that
Sandilli has mediately been suing for peace. Wei
know that Krell, the paramount chief of the
Amakosa, has sent in to Sir Harry to know what
he is to do with the disaGeted Hottentots that have entered
his country, which looks very much like adopting our side
of the question; and wily old Uniliala, the Illambie chief,
and the shrewdest of them all, seeing that the wind is
coming from another quarter, has already begun to trim
to it, by reprobating his old friend Sandilli, and wondering
why he and his people could out "sit still" under such a
gentle sway as that of the English lnkola lakidah. It is
said by persons from the cutup that the last few penults
would have finished the war hut for two circumstances—
*e first is the Hottentot rebellion, which demanded the
presence of troops to act against them, and withdraws SO
many from Kuttraria ; the next is the impossibility of get-
ting the native levies to remain any longer in the field.
Every persuasion was used to induce them to remain a
couple of months longer, but to no effect. They had fur
the present got sick of soldiering, and only wanted to get
home again, which was the more to be regretted as
they had wily lately learned the use of the musket,
and were becoming expert in their duties when out on
patrole.
When they first joined they were, of very little further
use than just the show they made in the field. The quan-
tity of powder and shut they fired away was almost incre-
dible, amounting in one match of about ten miles to about
. . . .

140,000 rounds ; and there is little doubt but that many of
the wounds they got were their own doing, fur about ten of
them were shot in the right hip, which it is evident was
done by some of them near them letting their muskets go
Mr when priming thou.
When Sir Harry shall have gut the three regiments from
Eugland, with the 12th Foot that the Bernice brings over
from Mauritius, and who will most probably be all in the
field by the Ist of August, he will out again require the as-
sistance of the lesies, but with the Puree he will hove,
amounting to more thou 4,000 men, will be able to show the
Kattirs that he is in earnest with them. If we mean to sub-
' due and subjugate the race of people that have again risen
against Our rule, it will be necessary to do so by a severe
lesson; for if we do not want to see them visa again in a
year or so, we had better thrash them well now, that they
may know what to expect in the event of another revolt.
For this purpose Sir Henry will most likely set about
driving the Gaikas out of the Antatulas, soil scud them over
the Eye into Kreliis country, to do which he will
have to form a camp mining the Amatulas, and thus
make the strongholds of the Kuthr the centre of
his operations. Atter this is done, and to show the
Kaffirs that we are really in earuest, we will have to
maintain our position by means of a very considerable
force by retaining the troops at present in the country,
instead of removing them immediately the fighting is over,
fur if we mean to prostrate this people, and keep them so,
there is only one way of doing so, and that is by force con-
tinually applied, and nut by an irregular application
of it, which has hitherto been attended with the very
worst consequences, seeing that out of this have sprung all
our wars. The driving of these people out of their country
will not, certainly, have the effect of making them leas
troublesome, but, on the contrary, considerably more so,
and the doing ito will entail the necessity of keeping a
very large force fur many a day to come on our froutier if
we mean to repress the inroads of a people that, from
being cooped up in a country much too limited for the
nature of their wants, will have g.'euter inducements than
ever to rob and steal. Already they complain of not having
sufficient grass for their cattle mu seasons of drought, when it
becomes necessary to have some place to widish to drive
them to keep them from perishing, and after they are
driven out of their own country and back upon another,
their cattle will only be worse off than ever when rain shall
fail. Nor is it to be expected that with no grass for their
cattle, and no milk, and but little Indian corn for their
wives and children, who will then be the chief sufferers, the
Kaffir will sit contentedly by and not help himself from the
hoards of his neighlxiurs. This will lead to a war in which
the Kaffir will out be the loser, seeing that his condition
could not by any chance be made more wretched, and he
would rather die fighting with hi, assegai in his hand than
gradually pine away with his wives and children from
hunger and wretchedness. Yet we cannot patch up a peace
with the Kaffir at this moment, for what would be the con-
sequence? lie would go and secrete fur the pre-
sent his gun and hit amegais, and take to raising
his corn and guiug on with his other agricultural
pursuits as if nothing had ever happened, and then as soon
as ever he had got his crops stowed away and out of our
reach, and as soon as he had got his arms in order again,
together with a decent supply of powder and bullets, he
would be all ready fur another brush with us whenever we
liked, or rather before we liked it. Of course the question
as to whether our predominance in KulTraria is out bought
at rather a high price, and it it is really worth au much, is
quite another matter, and it becomes rather an important
one when we reflect that our force will want increasing even
. a:though we may not be ailsancing our boundary. For we
see that every year the Kaffir is becoming more and more
proticieut in the use of our weapons, and the close neigh-
bourhood of the European will be found not to have the
same etKet of thiuning this people as it did the Hottentot
and the North American, for the Kaffir goes on flourish-
ing and multiplying close by our side as fast as
ever he did. Sur have we yet driven them very
, far back into their country, every inch of which they
I pear disposed to fight fur with a vigour. and tenacity of pur-
pose that shows them to be no easily destructible race
: Every our praises the Kaffir for having true genuine pluck:
and there is no doubt that he skirmishes to admiration,
only wanting unless end combination to make first-rate
troops. Nor is he criminal or depressed by the victories we
, I have gained over him, 1111111 V of which he denies to us and
lays claim to himself. ludividually the Kaffir scorns to
fear us, and will coolly advance and fire at a body of our
troops that ha well knows will return it with at least fifty
shot, or, as happened during a late patrol, he will trot
down at his usual pace in front of a whole company, and
not fitly yards in eileance of them, altogether regardless
of the shots that ore flying about his ears, and that even fail
: to quicken his pact. It may he asked—are there no other
menus of dealing wish this people than that of driving
it
trzi ~ toirttshhwandil gtrre ts o siolz
kati.tchkeir upon handths:
In re
them out of their country, and thus increasing the chances
otourii)intrfoetbriiiisg
past, and see how the Dutch deeded with the Kaffir before
I and for years alter England had taken possession of this

colony. It is commonly said that, had the Dutch had
their own way In managing the tribes that hovered about
their frontier, there is no doubt but that long before this
all Kaffir wars would have ceased.
Could not this commando or reprisal system be again had
recourse to, but with this difference front the old ones, that
it would have certain checks to prevent its evils.
It would bo necessary for a plaintiff to state all
the details of his leas, both as to its extent and the time of
its committal before a court or quorum, say of three per-
sons, who, after examining the merits of the case and
finding the statement correct, might order a com-
mando into that chief's territory, where there was
good reason to believe the stolen property. was taken
to. The court might be formed of three individuals:
a soldier, a missionary chosen by the Kaflirs, and a
colonist, who might be a magistrate. These courts might
be established at the two or three chief military posts along
the frontier, where a few soldiers would form an excellent
nucleus fur the mounted burghers, who would be nothing
loth to make a mid into the enemy's country. This
system would be very far from expensive, and it woulo do
away with the necessity of keeping large bodies of soldiers
on the frontier; it would also unite justice with rigour, for,
while the acting under the orders of an impartial court
would be ample ,ccurity for its justice, it would want none
of the rigour that characterised the old commandos.
This of course would involve the necessity of a strict defi-
nite boundary to be consented to both by Englishman and
Katfir. One side to be purely Kaffir' and one purely colo-
nial, without commissioners in tribes ever interfering and
meddling between the chief and his people for the purpose
of destroying the influence of the former and replacing it
with that of an alien, but not unfrequently ending, as in
the present war, by both chieftain and people ranging them-
selves in open hostilities against us.