The Express.
London, England, 1853-09-24 00:00:00

VIENNA NOTE

Faithful to the letter and to the spirit of the
stipulations of the treaties of Kainardji and Adria-
nople, relative to the protection of the Christias wor-
ship, the Sultan regards it as due to his honour to
pr,,vrve front all attack tae immunities and privi-
leges aczorded to the orthodox church.

MODIFICATION.

Faithful to the stipulations of the treaty of Kai-
nardji, confirmed by that of Adrianople, relating to
the protection of Christian worship by the Porte, hie
Mijtety, &c.

IMMO PACIIA. M. DB NESSELRODE.
As no one can deny that The omissions and ad-
the treaty of Ksinsrdji exists ditions of words, which are
and is confirmed by that of made here with • strikine
Adrianople, it is quit' clear affectation, have evidently
that the precut° provisions the object of enfeebling the
thereof will be faithfully oh- treaty of Kainardji, whilst
'and. assuming the appearance of
If by inserting the above- confirming it. Toe reading
mentioned paragraph the in- which would turn aside the
tention is enterteined of con- spirit of the treaty, that is to
sidering the religious privi- say, from the general priuci-
trips as the natural result ple laid down in the Bth arti-
sted exposed spirit of the ele relative to the mainte
treaty of Kaioardji, the real canes of immunities, applies
and precise provision of that to the view which we had
treaty is limited to the sole express, d, and to which we
promise of the Sublime Porte still Ir.ld ; for, in sue opi-
to protect itself the Christian rion, the promise to ',meet
religion. The paragraphs a worship and its churches
which the Porte might insert comprises within it the
as regards religous privileges, maintenance of the immuni-
in the note it may sign, ties which they posmess. The
ought only to express, as two things are inseparable.
has been at all periods de- This reading, first adopted
dared, either in writing or at Vienna, was afterwards
by word of month, assurances subjected at London and at
proper to remove the doubts Paris to a modification ;
entertained by the Russian aid if at that time we did
Covcrnment, and which form not raise any ohjeetion, as
the subject of the disc's- we had the right to do, it
siuns. was not that we made any

But to give to the govern- illusion of the sense of the
ment of Russia motives for change. We p rfectly coin.
pretending to exercise a right prehendedthedifferencensaile
of surveillance and interven- between two points, which,
tion in such matters, by in respect to us, aro Mee.
strengthening by new bonds parably united. But the
the religious identity already distinction was indicated in
existing b. tween agreat coin- a manner so delicate that, in
munity of th- subject• of the the spirit of conciliation,
Sublime Porte and a foreign and in the desire to arrive
power, would be in some as soon as possible at a solu-
measure to share the save- /ion, we admitted the read-
reign rights and endanger ing which from that mo-
the independence of the em- ment we have considered as
pire. It is therefore utterly invariable.
impossible for the govern- These motives of conde-
ment of his Majesty the 'tension are no more appli•
Sultan to give his consent cable to the new changes
thereto, unless compelled to which have bzen made in the
do so. MIMS passage at Conetan.
If, finally, the object is tiruple. The line of demar-
only to obtain a renewal of cation between the two ob-
the provisions of the treaty jects is too strictly traced
of Kainardji, the Sublime to enable us to admit those
Porte might do it in a sepa- changes without disown-
rate note. ing all that we have
Now, the imperial govern- said and written. The
ment deems it of the highest mention of the treaty
importance, either that tie of Keinardji becomes super-
paragraph relative to that !Nous, and its confirmation
treaty of the project sent without object, from the mo-
shall be suppressed, or that, ment in which it is ceased to
if it is maintained, the pro- apply the general principle
miss of protection contained to the maintenance of the
in the treaty of Kainardji religious immuniti; s of the
and the question of religious Christian worship. It is
privileges shall be separated with this end that these
in so explicit a manner that two words hare been sup-
it may be understood at a pressed—" the letter and the
first glance that they are two spirit." They bring for.
different things. ward without any necessity
the fact that the protection
of the Christian worship is
exercised by the Porte, as if
we raised the pretension to
exercise ourselves that pro-
tection in the states of the
Sultan ; and as they omit at
the same time to remember
that according to the ietter
of the treaty this protection
is a promise made by the
Sultan—an obligatiou ae.
eqited by him—it would ap-
pear that they desired to
question the right which we
have to see to the punctual
fulfilment of that promise.

VIENNA NOTE.

And, moreover, to make the Greek rite partici-
pate in an equitable spirit in the advantages con-
ceded to other Christians by any convention or special
ordinance.

MODIFICATION.

And, moreover, to make the Gree k rite participate
in au equitable spirit in all the advantages conceded
to other Christians, subjects of the Porte.

ItZBCHID PACHA. Y. DI NESBELRODB.
It cannot be doubted that 3rd. The modification in-
the imperial government will traduced into this passage of
not hesitate to allow the the Austrian note is Gape-
Greek rite to participate, not cially inadmissible. The ()t-
-onic in the advantages which, toman government would
of its free will, it has granted bind itself only to allow the
to other communities of the orthodox worship to partici-
Christian religion professed pate in tht advantages which
by the communities its sub- it would accord to other re-
mete, but also in those which ligious communities, sub-
it may grant hereafter. It is, jects of the Porte. But front
therefore' superfluous to add, the moment in which these
that the Sublime Ports will communities, eatholics or
be justified if it cannot admit others, should not be consti-
the use of expressions so toted of native persons, but
equivocal as those of eonven- of foreign priests and Isles
lions or private provisions in (and this is the cue in al-
favour of a great community most all the convents, hospi-
of so many millions of sub- tale, seminaries, and bishop-
jects who profess the Greek ries of the Latin rite in Tur-
faith. key), from the moment, we
Such being the points to say, in which itshould please
which the Sublime Porte the Porte to accord to these'
makes objections, it cannot, establishments new advan-
notwithstanding its supremo tapes and privileges, the or-
regard for the counsel of the thodex communities would
Groat Powers its allies, and not, according to the words
its sincere desire to renew its sought to be introduced
relations with the imperial into the note, have the
government of Russia—it right to demand the same
cannot, I say, prevent itself favours fur themselves, nor
from confiding to the equity Russian to engage herself for
and justice of the Great them.
I'owere the considerations The ill-dispesed
relative to its rights of soya- tion of the ministers of the
reignty and to its lade- Ports will become still more
pendence. evident if we indicate the
example of a possible ease.
Let us suppose the probable
case of the Latin Patriarch
of Jerusalem, the last ap-
pointed, receiving from the
Porte privilege* which the
Greek Patriarch has not.
Every demand on the Dart of
the last would be repelled,
because he is the subject of
the Porte. The same ob.ject
tion might be taken by the
Ottoman Ministry in that
which concerns the catholic
establishments in Nicotine,
as soon as a new advan
tage, not mentioned in the
last firman, should be se
corded to them, to the detri-
ment to the native comma-

The Patrie says :—" We have news from the
borders of the Danube of the 7th. Omer Pacha had
left his head quarters to visit the defences that he
had constructed on the banks of the river. He ap•
pears satisfied with the way in which the works had
been executed. The Russians had not yet appeared
on the left bank, and Omer Pacha has no idea of
crossing to attack them."
The Sleds has the following on the Eastern ques-
tion :

.
The despatch from Vienna of the 20th, announcing that
Austria has not completely adhered to the proposition of
France and England tending to give to the Porte, by a col-
lee lye note, guarantees against the future interference of
Russia between the Sultan acid his subjects, presents ob-
scurities whi. h we think we are able, at least in a great
measure, to remove. The conferences had two difficulties
to solve. It was necessary, in the first place, to decide on
the merit and aloe of the modifications demanded by the
Ottoman. Porte in the note drawn up at Vienna ; and next to
preven, for the future the recurrence of acts similar to those
which at this moment disturb the security of Europe. France
and England are said to have declared that the original
note might, without inconvenience, be maintained, if the
conference explained by a memorandum that it understood
that wee in the sense given to it by the modifications pre-
sented in the name of the Sultan. The two western powers
are said to have afterwards demanded that the wish ex-
pressed by Turk() to receive from the governments which
signed the treaty of 1841 guarantees against any occupation
of the psineipalitiee, except in the Cates and conditions laid
down by the Convention of Balta Liman should be acceded
to. It was to these two propositions that Austria raised
serious uhjections; it would, however, appear that Count
de Buol-Schaurnstein did not express any fear of being
obliged to withdraw the iamb ition of his government,
except on the question of the guarantees fur the
future. Tile terms and the forme employed were,
as may well ba supposed, very measured, and
sufficient!), ambiguous for the ambassadors not to
be justalicd, in saying that from the present time
the Conf. r. net. was without any pracTical ohject but in
spite of this phraseology it would require more good wdl
than is felt by the Earl of Westmoreland and M. de Dour-
queasy, not to understand that Austria did not intend in
any case to declare against Russia. Our readers have not

perhaps forgotten that at the opening of the Continence, 1
Austria when called on to declare what part elm should i
take, in the event of Russia ri fusing to accept the notes i
replied, " In that case, we reserve our liberty of action."
What she has said she does, and we will avow that •c can-
not
corceiee how the amhasiadors c..u..d imajhre that she
would o t d . so. Austria mey n -t like 'lutes, but -h, tears
her too much not to serve end to follow her. Resider,
what woulo the llapsburgr gair, it the Cater, the prototype
of absolutism, were humbled by the two great lile.ral na-
tions ? It is even a great deal fur Austria to dare to remain
neutral, and we doubt whether the Czar would allow her
to do so when France and Eugland shell act in favour of
Turkey. As to Prussia, the ease is different ; neuttaLty is
suited to the position which her government has as-
sumed between autocracy and the constitutional prim-
, ciple ; for neutrality will permit her to wait for the mo-
m-ill when she may extend her influence in G.rmany at
the expense of that of Austria. Let there be, there
fore, no illusions entertaiced. The cabinet of Vi. tins
has not interfered, and will not interfere, except in
the interest of Russia. The diplomatic action et the
cibinet of Berlin ht s a!ways been mating, d in such
a way that it might he end.l. nly stopped without falling
into recantation, and the E totem qua stint, finds it-elf in the
some pi:seinen as it was at the outer-, with this difference,
that Turkey is able to defend heriw:l single-handed dur.i.g
a campaign. It has been stated in a v.vy affirmative tour,
that in order to get over the ezuharrassiuent caused by the
insistence of the Pirate France and England would hi ie.;
up their fleets to cause the note of VI( mut to be accepted.
The accounts which we have recen.ly given sufficiently
proves in our opinion, that such is nut the intention of the
written powers. They continue, on the contrary, to insist
on Turkey obtaining hunuurablu couditiuus foe the pre.tut,
and solid guarantees fur the haute.