The Express.
London, England, 1847-02-23 00:00:00

ght regg.

MAILS.
The erer1111: e:,,A milts, via Mameillea, to the Mediterranean,
yes, idea. Ceylon, India, Ilona how, se., will be made up on the
',vim, of the February.
The soil, far Vigo. Oporto, Lisbon, Madeira, Cache, and Gibraltar,
win to mode up on the morning of the 27th February.
myl. for New South Wales, Van Dietnen'e Land, tad New
fogasi .ral he node us on the earning of the let March.
The Wist India inairs, including thaw for :Aerial, liondaras, and
the lierantott. all be mode up en the morning of the 2nd Mirth.
The nuile for Ilfitiiih North America, Bermuda, and the united
Ns will be made op on the evening of the rd
Muth.
Th. ovirlend ,Amts for Gibraltar, Malta, Greece, the lonian behinds,
gem, Admi. Ceylon, India, (long-Kong, and China, rift noutliampton,
made op ,n 1 the morning of the aid of March.
The to,til. for the Itnitsilit, the Rircr Plate, Monte Video, remain-
bgeo, RAO. trim, and Burma Ayres, will be made up on the
owning of the Ith March.

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TO

LONDON, TUESDAY, FEB. 23.

IS the I louse of Lords yesterday a debate arose on
the question of the third reading of the Destitute Per-
sons (Inland) Bill, at the termination of which the
third grading Ns as postponed until this day.
In the House of Commons, Lord MoneeTn, in an-
swer to Sir He LACY EVANS, replied that the govern-
ment was not prepared to sanction any proposition
for erecting a new bridge to replace that of West-
minster in the present session. Viscount PALMERSTON
stated, in answer to Lord JOHN MaNNErts,that he had
reason to believe the destination of the 'forres Vedras
prisoners had been changed to Madeira, or other of
the Western Islands. The noble viscount also, in an-
swer co Mr. W'ATSON, said the report of the
Emperor of Russia's having prohibited the expor-
tation of corn was groundless, and that large
shipment; were making for this country.
Mr. E. ELLICE, Jun., brought ander the notice of the
house the damting state of distress existing in the
Western Highlands and Islands of Scotland. Sir G.
Gas iutignated that the attention of ministers
had been already drawn to the subject, and trusted
that, by the exertions of the proprietors, in co-
operation with those-of the government, the calamity
with which Scotland was threatened would be
averted. The house having resolved itself into a
Committee of Ways and Melina, the CHANCELLOR of
the EXCHEQUER proceeded to make his financial
statement. After adverting to tho dearth and
consequent distress with which it had pleased
Providence to afflict Western Europe, and par-
ticularly that portion of the United Kingdom
which was least able to bear it, said that there never
was a time in the history of this country in which its
finances were so well able to bear the demands made
upon them as at the present period, for in spite of the
excess of advances over repayments, the balance in
the exchequer was above nine millions. That, as
regarded the customs duties, with the exception of
those articles on which the duty had been reduced,
there was, between April and December of last year,
a considerable increase, as compared with the
corresponding nine months of the preceding
year ; and the same was the case with the excise
revenue, with the single exception of the arti-
cle of soap. The whole increase of the ordinary
revenue exceeding that of the previous year for the
period stated by nearly half a million. He feared,
however, he should be holding out a fallacious hope
if he thought they could calculate on a continuance of
circumatancea so favourable, for a nation's prosperity
was seldom uninterrupted or unaccompanied by occa-
sional periods of relapse and financial derangement;
bat he was far from thinking that there would be
anything like the revulsion which took place in the
years 182.) and 1836, because he saw no symptom of
that, and should be sorry to say anything to induce
such a belief. He was satisfied that the experience of
former times had not been thrown away; he felt
that the trade and commerce of the country were
at the present time sound, and not merely specula.
tive ; and he was prepared to attach great importance
to the effect of Sir ROBERT PEEL'S bill for regulating
the currency of the country. The right hon. gen-
tleman then went through the various heads of or-
dinary revenue and expenditure for the current
financial year, showing a gross total of 32,065,000/.
for the former, and 51,4'6,000/. for the latter. With
regard to Ireland, he could not estimate the total sum
that had been and would be required to be expended,
advanced, granted, or lent, at less than ten millions,
and the house would not be therefore surprised
at his having resisted Lord GEORGE BENTINCK'S
motion for advancing another sum of sixteen millions
for railroads in that country. It was evident no amount
of taxation, not even doubling or trebling the
income-tax could ensure a remedy within the requi-
site time. He, therefore, proposed to borrow eight
millions on exchequer bills, and to pay the interest on
the loan out of the ordinary revenues of the country.
A protracted debate ensued, after which the vote
wee agreed to.

IT must be felt at once that the budget, developed
by the CHANCELLOR of the EXCHEQUER last night, is
an adjournment, rather than a solution, of the great
financial and economical difficulties created by the
failure of the Irish peasant's crop. It would, how-
ever, be unreasonable to expect, in each a crisis, and
in the last session of the legislature too, a matured
scheme for repairing the damage done to English
finance, as well as to the social system in Ireland.
However undesirable it was for government to
have had recourse to the money market at such a
time, still, to do so for more or leas was inevitable,
whilst the buoyancy of the revenue derived from
customs and excise rendered any recurrence to direct
taxation or augmentation of it unusually inopportune.
This large question has been wisely deferred to a year,
we trust, of more abundance and more general tran-
quillity.
Many, however, will be at a loss to comprehend the
motives of government's being so very provident, so
determined to have its coffers well filled, and prepared
for every contingency. The CHANCELLOR of the Ex-
CHEQUER stated one or two reasons. We hope they
may be, or may prove the only ones for such tena- '
done grasping at, and procuring of, the sinews of all
governments.
There is, however, much that is cheering in 'the
financial statement. The increase in the customs,
Meted out by the CHANCELLOR of the EXCHEQUER,
testimony to the vigour of the country; for it
mot be remembered that last year was a year not
only of suffering and privation for a large portion of
the empire, it was, what is worse, a year of despon-
dency over our present state, of uncertainty as to the
future. The improvement has gone on in spits of
the suffering and high prices induced by the reduced
stocks of grain. Even the panic arising from the
spread of the potato blight over all Ireland, and a great
portion of England, has not checked the increasing
consumption of imported goods. It is mainly owing
to the increased customs receipts that the excess of
revenue over the estimate of last year is 2,846,0001.,
and that 2,000,0001. have been available for the relief
of distress in Ireland hitherto. The amount of the
sum requinel for further relief, although large, is not
calculated to alarm the nation, which has long been
Prepared for such a demand. A loan of 8,000,0001. is
required.
How far this is to fructify in the Irish soil, or be
repaid by Irish landlords, is a question on which
several members evinced incredulity, and others im-
patience. But the sum must be supplied and spent,
sad it will be tot the wisdom of parliament and the
government to devise how best it can be rendered
rofitable, or expended with least harm and least loss.
!lir. Ito RBI; CK'S proposal not to vote money for the starv-
ing till means were devised for its repayment
would indeed have been an indefinite adjoura,nent of
relief.. The Irish form no such overwhelming majority
lathe house as to be able to oppose and ennui what the
fair sense of the majority may award.
The ministerial statement implies, or contains a
strong refutation of the idle boastings in which the
advocates of restriction have indulged. Free-trade
for England meant the opening of our markets for
supplies of those articles which we could not produce
SO cheaply as other countries. Had we, in trying the

experiment discovered that manufactured goods were
amongst the objects in which we could be undersold,
then indeed would there have been reason to declaim
against the abolition of protection. It seems
that no such result has transpired. The enormous
customs' revenue which has swelled the treasury
receipts is raised from articles of food, not from the
products of the looms or workshops of our rivals.
What was expected is taking place. Under mode-
-1 rate duties the consumption of foreign food has in-
creased. Nor can any. alarm be excited by an absence
of a corresponding increase in our exported goods,
although such a result may be confidently looked
forward to at no distant period. For to what end
will Russia, with America, send us their grain ?
Surely not to accumulate gold or silver, which they
annually raise in masses, ar.d export with all possible
speed. They sell their corn that they may buy goods
which their fertile plains do not produce, and their
demand cannot under present circumstances be
long deferred.
Amongst the reasons why we anticipate a favourable
reception of the government scheme is one that we deem
of considerable weight. The uncertainty as to the
extent of the demand which the minister would
have to make has long kept the trading world in
agitation. The general appearance of commercial
prospects have deterred from permanent investments.
Sums of money, to what extent it must be hopeless to
determine, have doubtless been kept floating for some
time back, and have probably, assisted in aggravating
the crisis, by the temptation held out to the owners to
invest them in grain. The steadiness which may be
anticipated to result from the plan now before the
public will dispel the doubts of the holders of disposable
capital, while the proposed loan will afford a more
desirable investment than corn, which has evidently
become a dangerous article of speculation. Should
the Chancellor of the EXCHEQUER, therefore, which
we scarcely anticipate, be forced to grant tempting
conditions to till his list, the loss to the country on
one side will be amply compensated by the saving
of taking away all inducement to run up the price
of food, while he is providing the necessitous with the
means of purchasing it.
On the whole, the government has every reason for
self-congratulation in bringing forth a financial scheme
met by so few rational objections, and calling forth
opposition so little formidable. Lord GEORGE BEN-
TINCK indeed got once more astride his railroad,
which he represented as the sole element of prospe-
rity, past and future. But the house.has had enough
of this hobby for one session.

To ask whether India (or another country) would
be benefited by the introduction of railways, is to
ask in other words whether it would be benefited by
the introduction of the mode of transport for persons
and goods most expeditious and economical—most
easily made to move with clockwork punctuality, and
causing the least wear and tear of any yet devised by
the wit of man. Of course, any country would be
benefited by the introduction of railways.
Can railways be introduced into India at present,
is a question not so easily answered? In so far as a
I presumption for or against the practicability of the
scheme is afforded by the business talent and expe-
rience of the parties who have volunteered the
task, we must candidly say that there is only
one of the companies in the field, whose direction
is calculated to inspire much confidence. And it may
be observed in general, with regard to Indian railway
schemes, that their projectors have been at least suf-
ficiently sanguine. In moat instances their ideas of
India have been derived from maps, and the " tosses " ,
which intervene between their termini appear to have
been regarded by them as little longer than their cor-
responding
spaces on the chart. These gentlemen
speak as confidently of constructing a line from Cal-
cutta to "Agra, or Lahore of Great Mogul," as they
could of making one from London to Dorking; as
complacently of bridging the Ganges, as the Mole or
Wandle. 'They have overlooked the difficulties op-
posed to engineering is an alluvial country, inter-
sected by colossal rivers on the tropical line, by the
alternation of wet and dry seasons, and the force of
vegetation. We know that no adequate pains have
been taken to estimate fairly the labour and coat
which mast go to the construction of tropical railways
on so large a scale ; and we distrust the competency
of men to carry through such more than Herculean
enterprises who undertake them so rashly and heed-
lessly. The competency of the undertakers is an im-
portant item in attempts to estimate the probable
success of the undertaking.
But competent or not, the local authorities:in India,
it is pretty obvious from the reports presented to
parliament, are the reverse of anxious to afford them
an opportunity of trial. Mr. CAMERON expresses the
sentiments both of himself and of his colleagues in " the
government of India, in the legislative department,"
when he says—" The principal objects of' railroads
in India are, it seems to me, political objects, and
belong to government. The commercial advantages,
I think, should be looked upon as affording
the means by which government can enlist private
skill and capital in this particular service of the
state." This, being interpreted, means that the
Indian government wish to possess a system of rail-
ways as a political engine; and that being unable to
construct them, they will hold out inducements to
private adventurers to make the lines for them. To
what do the inducements held out amount? To
this. Government will provide the land; the com-
pany are to be at the entire cost of construction ;
goverument will not guarantee any dividend ; govern-
ment will reserve the power to take the possession of
the railroads after a certain period on "settled terms;"
government insists that in the event of failure to com-
plete the railway, the works and materials shall be
forfeited to it, and that any "gross irregularities"'
in working the line under the regulations
which it is to prescribe, shall be attended
with absolute forfeiture. Government will claim to
have its mails, troops, stores, &c., conveyed on favour-
able terms; and lastly, government will reserve the
power of regulating the profits of railway companies.
It is not easy at present to find profitable invest-
ments for money, but matters have not yet come to
such a pass as to render it likely that any solvent
capitalists will accept of these conditions. The
Indian government propose to enter into partnership
with a railroad company or companies for a limited
period. The government is to find the land at an
expense of about 2001. per mile: the companies are
to find everything else, at an expense of about
15,0001. per mile. The whole expense of working the
lines is to be borne by the companies. Government is to
give directions how the railway is to be managed, and
is to have its carrying work done cheaper than other I
people ; a number of conditions are introduced to
give it the power of turning the companies out of
possession before the termination of the partnership
arrives, and at all events when it does arrive they
most give up the stock in trade at a valuation.
Lord HARDINGE has already told the local autho-
rities what reception such terms are likely to receive
at the hands of English capitalists: " I am confident
that English capitalists will not, without more sub-
stantial encouragement from the East India Company,
enter into the speculation."
So, if the Court of Directors have adopted the
views of their local representatives in Calcutta, the
introduction of railways into India may be regarded
as indefinitely postponed.

Wm! regret, not unmixed with alarm, we
direct attention to the intelligence from South Aus-
tralia, in another column. That colony, so long the
butt of flippant or malignant misrepresentation, was,
up to the beginning of last October, the seat of
undoubted prosperity. Its young mining industry
was being rapidly developed; its wool exports were
steadily increasing ; a wider home market was open-
ing for its agricultural produce ; and still there re-
mained a large surplus for export to the neighbouring
colonies. Withal, there were no symptoms of un-
healthy excitement—of any tendency to rash specu-
lation. Labourers were well employed, and well
paid, and unprecedented vigour was displayed in
the local inventions to economise field labour in agri-
cultural operations.
This pleasant state of affairs this prospect
of an asylum fa, unemployed labourers and ca-
pitalists,
unable to find adequate investments in
England—has been endangered. The disturbing
element of fierce political contest has been introduced
to unsettle men's attention to regular industry ; and,
what is worse, it bee been introduced by a high-handed
attempt to force a measure of questionable expediency
itself, and extremely unpalatable to the colonists,
through the legislative council.
The act of parliament under which the colony of
South Australia was founded, the Land Sales Act
common to all the Australian Colonies, and the

original land grants of South Australia, contem-
plated, that grants of waste land in that colony
should carry with them t. all that is above
and all that is beneath the surface." On the
3rd March last, regulations were prepared by
the Governor in Council (gazetted on the sth of the
same month) declaring that a royalty of one-
fifteenth of all metals or metallic minerals should be
'reserved in all future grants. A reserve to this
amount, it is declared byexperiened settlers,will have
the effect of stopping the working of many. mines.
However this may be, it is certain that it a ill have
the effect of materially checking the development of
mining industry. In South Australia all land is sold
at an upset price of I/. per acre. This 11. does not
represent the value oT the land ; there is more land
in that colony than can be used by the present
inhabitants, and consequently land has no value in
exchange any more than air or water. The 1!.
is exacted:—in the first place to check the acquisi-
tion of large tracts of wastelands by individuals with
a view to leave them waste till they acquire a value
from land becoming more scarce : in the second place
to preclude the jobbery, favouritism, and political cor-
ruption always attendant on a system of gratuitous
land grants; in the third place, to render it necessary
for those who reach the colonies penniless to work for
wages a year or two, in order to earn the means of
purchasing land ; and lastly, to provide a fund for
affording free passages to labouring emigrants. If
the sum of 1/. per acre is adequate for these purposes,
every additional penny exacted is inexpedient, inas-
much as it must retard the utilisation of land. In
disposing of waste lands, their comparative fertility or
minerel wealth ought not to affect the price; the su-
periority of one lot over another is the just reward
of the skill and enterprise shown in its
selection, and a stimulus to ingenuity and industry.
Even though the upset price of lands should be
thought too low, the alteration ought to be in the
price; the system of reserving quit-rents or any
analogous payments having proved uniformly detri-
mental. As inexpedient in itself, and contrary to the
fundamental laws of the colony, the Royalties Bill
ought never to have been introduced. And even had
it been the most politic measure in the world, it ought
never to have been pressed as Governor ROBE pressed
it. On the second reading, four non-official members
voted for and three official members against the bill.
The governor set aside the decision by giving both a
deliberative and casting vote in its favour.
The consequence has been that the non-official
members in a be ly left the council-room in disgust,
with the sympathy of all the colonists who were
witnesses of the scene. We do bust that the home
government will instruct their local representative to
desist from the impolitic measure, and to show more
respect in future for the rights and immunities of
those over whom he is placed intemporary authority.

IT is with sincere pleasure that we are enabled to
announce the speedy completion of an arrangement
relating to the Colonial mails, calculated greatly to
facilitate the correspondence of parties having con-
nexions with the Colonies. Postage stamps are in
preparation (and almost ready to be issued) by which
prepayment maybe effected on letters to any places out
of England which are covered by the shilling postage.
These will, of course, be available for all our colonies
without exception, for the territories of the East India
Company, and our Mediterranean dependencies. This
is a boon that will be thankfully received by all who
have occasion to transmit letters frequently to those
places.

The journals and correspondence of Sunday from
Paris bring no intelligence of general interest. The
quarrel between Normanby and M. Guizot seems to
have attained to a pitch of acrimony which renders
it difficult to conceive a reconciliation. It is now
certain that M. Guizot made it a personal ques-
tion with all his political friends and supporters of
the government to decline the invitation received from
the embassy, which they accordingly did.
The government Prosecution against Le National
for its animadversions on the King has failed, the
juri, having acquitted the editor of that journal.
a Presse devotes its four leading columns as usual
to the most virulent abuse of Lord Normanby and the
country he represents. We have been, I.nwever,
assured that the violence and continuance of the dia-
tribes of this journal against England, and its personal
abuse of the foreign secretary and the ambassador
are disapproved of by M. Guizot himself. In con-
nexion with this journal we may mention a curious
circumstance. Is its fenilleton of Sunday there is
a paragraph censuring in strong terms the Pr ease
itself, for its personality towards Lord Normanby, and
what is more singular still, this fruilleton is written
by Madame de Girardin, the wife of the writer of the
offensive articles in the body of the same paper.
This lady is a feuilletoniste well-known under the
fictitious signature of the Vicomte de Launay.
There is still another curious circumstance connected
with this matter. Madame de Girardin was one of the
guests at Lord Normanby's party on Friday evening,
while Monsieur, her spouse, graced the salons of M.
Guizot.

We have received the Madrid mail of the 15th
inst. A breach has taken place in the cabinet owing
to unexpected exigencies on the part of Gcneral
Pavia, which were opposed by his colleagues, upon
which he resigned.
The ministers decided on waiting upon her Majesty
to request her to accept of the resignation of General
Pavia. It was said that General Josi. de In Concha
would be appointed Minister of War, and M. Olivan
Minister of Marine.

ROME, F. 8.

I fear Austrian influence in Roman affairs is but
" scotched, not killed." The old serpent seems yet
lively enough, and twines itself round the high priest
, and his ministers after the old Laocoon fashion. Last
week afforded a case in point. At the instigation of
the Kaiser's embassy here, a domiciliary visit was made
at the shop of the liberal bookseller, Naftali, and all
his stock in trade overhauled in the most unceremo-
nious style. The murder at last was found out: and
what d'ye think came uppermost ? Six hundred
copies of a pamphlet bearing the print mark of
" Paris," and embodying the speech of Count Mon-
talembert, is the French Peers, on the massacres of
Galicia and Tarnow ! Also a few copies of the elo-
quent Abbe Gioberti's political and religious essays,
which do honour to Italian and Christian literature.
The indignation of all honest men is aroused at this
wanton inroad on the declared policy of Pitts IX. ;
and it has neutralised to a great extent the effect of
the late " sermon." In every social meeting of every
class the following " card" is circulated refleoting on
this act of the new governor.

Lo Stawtwv perfloieito Doi Coweittadixi.
oleo Um Igarbst
Mamba
rise a teal ;
peas Grawill
lima win aims sisal ;
apes a wi Amid alms
(Welker qval r. II program!
And, certainly, if the attention of Papal authority
is directed towards rectifying the press, it might find
other game besides the works and speeches of two
most distinguished members of its own communion :
men who combine, iu rare conjunction, sincere faith
with high intelligence and impressive logic. There
is, for instance, a book which has a greater circulation
in the Roman States than the New Testament, or
Thomas I Kempis, called the " Book of Dreams," or
the oracle of the government lottery. Wheelbarrow-
fule are sold to the populace at every fair, and it is
often the only book in a whole village. The faith of
credulous ignorance in this book is a most astounding
fact; and no later than four days ago, at the drawing
of the lottery,an instance of its infallibility was quoted
in all the haunts of the people. A labourer fell from
the scaffolding of the new hospital in the Corso, end
was killed on the spot ; his fellow-workman left the
corpse in the street, and ran to consult his " Book of
Dreams." Paura, sangue caseate, were the cabalistic
words, whose corresponding numbers set forth therein
he seeded for his investment of fifteen bajoechi.
On Saturday, his three numbers all came forth from
the government urn, winning a prize of 300 dollars !
Your noticing the absurd crusade against Monte- i
lembert's speeches and aiobertes works, while such
mischievous rubbish is allowed to poison the popular
mind, will have proper effect here, as your paper is
diligently perused at head-quarters, the news-room
copy. being occasionally stopped, an evidence of over-
sensitiveness. The subject of the infamous lottery
system is, however, too vast for a casual notice, and
deserves a separate letter : its degrading and immoral
operation on every class of this pauper yet gambling
community has been exposed by the best writers of
Rome itself to no purpose hitherto. Sarcastic poetry

has aimed its shaft of ridicule in vain ; for the pulpit,
alas! is not allowed to touch on the tabooed topic:
Evriva la Imo
Cbe lotto =adieu*
11 repo del grew
Ci 'mole on ran brae:
I mall, i blontml
li mini rode,
E lieno prorrede
Col libro dot sopa.
The carnival has begun brilliantly to-day.

FRANCE.—THE CARE op M. ALEXANDRE DCMAS.
—The civil tribunal gave judgment on Friday in the actions
brought by M. de Girardin, want of the Prase, and M.
Wren, gs'reint of the Constitulionnel, against M. Alexandre
Dumas for the breach of engagements into which be had
entered relative to the supply and publication of his
romances. After some lengthy development of the facts of
the ea.e with which the reader is acquainted, the judgment
proceeds thus :—The tribunal dismisses the original demand
of Emile de Oirardin against Alexandre Dumas, and the
gr;ronte of the Siicle. the Esprit Public, the Patric, the
Commerce, end the Steil; declares that he can recover
nothing for the present as to the advertisement of 21st
September, 1845, reserving, however, to him to take anent
measures a, he may think necessary when the treaty
alluded to in the said advertisement shall come into effect ,•
says that there is no reason to decide on the demand formed
against the Mode and Dumas with respect to the advertise-
ment of the romance " Elizabeth; " neither is there reason
to decide on the demands in guarantee occasioned by the
principal demand ; but giving effect to the additional con-
clusions signified the 11th December, 1848, fixes at eight
volumes and one-fifth the quantity of manuscript due front
Alexandre Dumas up to the said llth December, 1846, and
accords him a period of eight months and a half, com-
a mencing from the lot of March next, to clear off that
arrear ; orden in consequence that, within six weeks
from the said Ist of March next, Alexandre Dumas shall be
obliged to remit to Emile de Oirardin the manuscript of the
first of the volumes of which the tribunal declares him
debtor, that is to say, the continuation of the " Mernoires
d'un til&lecin," and that he shall remit the other volumes
from month to month, best.nning 15th April next, until he
shall have entirely (lean d off the arrear ; and in case Dumas
shall neglect us make the deliveries within the time specified,
condemns hlm to pay to Emile de Oirardin the sum of 100 f.
for each day's delay during thre morths; orders that, in
ease of noo-payment of the said damages, Demus shall be
liable to arrest, when the amount shall have exceeded 300 L!
says that there is no ground for deciding restive to the
volumes to be furnished from Dec. 11, 1846, to April 1,
1847 ; but orders only that the treaty shall be executed in
its form and tenour, except, however, as regards the term
of the debt, which is prorogued from April 1, 1847, to July
1 following, the period of the commencement being changed ;
condemns Alexandre Dumas to pay to Emile de Girardin
3000 f. as damages for the delay in the execu'ion of the
very, with liability to arrest in case of non-payment, but
only in six mouths from this day ; condemns Emile de
Ginirdin to the expenses of the demand against the other
newspapers, as also to the expenses of the demand against
Dumas with respect to the advertisement in the Mode;
condemns the Made to the expenses of the demand against
it, but only up to March, 1846, at which period it gave satis-
faction to the complainants; condemns Dumas to the ex-
penses of the demand contained in the conclusions of Dec.
11, 1846, including the registration of the treaty necessitated
by the process; and orders that the cost and signification of
the present judgment shall be borne by Duntse—Golig-
nen& a Messenger.
A horrible crime has been committed in the de-
partment of La Crease. Ate marriage festival in one of the
villages a violent dispute arose between one of the guests and
his son-in-law. The father, excited by drink, began to
abuse his daughter, and left the party in a state of great
irritation. lie proce
eded at once to the house of his daughter,
who was in bed asleep. He placed a pistol he had provided
himself with close to her forehead, and pulled the trigger.
The pistol missed fire, and the daughter, aroused by the
noise, and seeing her father at her bedside with a weapon in
his h tid, implored him to have mercy upon her. lie re
plied by alneland threats. wetted rof play mg her husband
false, and saying she should die by bit hands, blew out her
brains with the pistol. After committing the fearful act, this
monster in human form went to one of his acquaintances,
told him he Lad killed his daughter, and asked for some
brandy to drink. Alarmed by the threats of his father-in-
law, the husband of the unfortunate woman had, mean-
time, proeeeded.to his home, when, to his horror, he found
the corpse of his wife. He immediately gave the alarm,
and the house in which his father-in-law had sought refuge
was surrounded. This latter seized a hatchet, and threat-
ened to split the head of the first man that advanced. One,
more bold than the rest, seized his arm, and he was cap.
tured and given up to the authorities.
ITALY AND SWITZERLAND. AUSTRIAN
INTEILVESITION.—Adrices received in private letters from
Italy sod Switzerland have created some anxiety respecting
the apprehended intervention of Austria in the anti real
affairs of the se countries. The opposition between the liberal
Cantons and those of the league on one side of the Alp!, and
the dinpodtion to a progressive and enlightened policy in the
governments of Sardinia and the Papal States have calmed
repressive denteastrsi'ons on "Zlstri of Austria. That
re,: set?: rem ent ass o
Switzerland marched
lanarg:"PiedMesonotf. Thes Sardinian
govetement on its part is reported to be on the point of call-
ing under arms all the contingents. It has already given
orders to the commissaries and directors of arsenals to be pre-
pared with the entire supplies necessary to nut the army on
a war footing. It is said that in the event of any disturbance
in the legations the King of Sardinia will intervene in favour
of the Pope; but it is added that Austria, which opposed the
Sardinian intervention in 1832, will still more energetically
type° it now, being favourable to the Italian cause.
The present cause of disturbances has arisen in the univenity
of Pavia and at Modena. In Switzerland the Ultra-Mon-
tane league shows itself more aril more decided to try an
attack on the liberal cantons. The Jesuits no longer conceal
their hopes of triumph. The Gazette de Zurich says : "On
Friday last the Jesuit Vericonde announced from the pulpit
that the Protestaies would speedily be annihilated, and that I
no other trace of their existence would be left save what his-
tory
may preserve."
VENICE.—Tho Turkish envoy Schekib-Effendi
arrived at Venice on the 7th, on his way ta Rome and
Vienna. On the 9th the Duchess de Berri arrived at Venice,
with the intention of remaining there for the remainder of
the winter and the spring.
GERMANY.—INTENDED ASSASSINATION.—A let-
ter from Plauen (Saxony), of the 14th inst., says i—Among
the letters returned to the bureau of the poet-office, owing
to their reception having been refused, and which are opened
by the post-office directors' so as to return them to the
writers, was one addressed by a meson of our town, named
Haustein, to the monastery of the Capucians, at Prague, in
Bohemia, in which he offers to proceed to Breslau and to
assassinate M. Ronge, the founder of the German catholic
sect, provided the convent would pay the expenses of his
journey, amounting to the small sum of about 21. Haustein
has been arrested.

GREECE.—ATHENS, JAN. 30.—The Chamber of
Deputies has just voted the ensemble of the bill for the re-
organisati-n of the bishoprics. The representatives of the
nation have placed the nomination of the bishops in the
king's hands. The discussion on the budget was to com-
mence on the let of February. Maters are going on
smoothly, but en incident of some gravity occupies the atten-
tion of the government. In 1841 an insurrectional move-
ment broke out at Thessally, in which a Greek officer was
said to be compromised. To prove to Turkey its desire
of maintaining order, the Greek government caused this
officer to he incarcerated in the fortress of Nauplia. He was
afterwards restored to his command, on furnishing gua-
rantees. Since then the conduct of this officer has been
exemplary. After the events of 1843, the king rewarded
him by making him one of his aides-de-camp. Lately, pri-
vate affairs called this officer to Constantinople. He re-
ceived a passport, which he presented on the 24th Jen. for the
visa of the Turkish envoy, who refused to give it. On the same
eveeing, one of the secretaries of the Ottoman legation waited
upon bun, and informed him that it was not in the power of
the Turkish minister to vise the passport. On the 25th
there was a private court ball. The Turkish minister was
present. The king appeseehed him, and in the presence of
different members of the caps diplontatique remarked " that
he should have supposed that the king and his guarantee
were worthy of more reopen than he (the Turkish minister)
had shown." Boar afterwards the Turkish minister left the
ball, and the next day wet a natal° the government to justify
hie conduct.

COLONIAL.

COLONIES.

We have recefveaifie.§ouiisTilteirilian Gazette of
the 3rd October. In addition to intelligence from that
colony of not the most satisfactory kind, it contains news
from Sydney, four days later than we have previously
received.

SOUTH AUSTRALIA.—ROTALTIES El bill
for regulating and securing the collection of her Majesty's
royalties and dues in respect of metal. and metallic ores,"
was moved in the legislative council on the 30. h of Septem-
ber. Mr. Morphett immediately roes to express his decided
opposition to the principle of the bill. The Colonial &ere-
tary interrupted him, on the ground that it was out
of order to oppose a first reeding. The governor
looked upon Mr. Morpbett's proceeding as "an in-
convenient precedent:" it belonged to him to point out
what was to be discussed. Mr. Morphett stated, that, con-
sidering the principle of the bill contrary to acts of parlia-
ment, he would endeavour to prevent its being proceeded
with. The governor decided that the hon. member was
out of order; and the bill was read a first time. On the
2nd of October the advocate-general moved the second read-
ing of the bill. Mr. Morphitt opposed the motion. Any
rights her Mitjesty might have possessed in minerals ceased
under the act of parhament which conveyed all minerals
with the lend. The act founding the coinny, eetedished a
uniform system of selling land without reservation of
minerals ; and the fifth clause provided for the conveyance
of land in fee with all the timber and minerals.
The taking away of 7 per cent. would cause many mines to
stop working. Mr. Morphett moved that the bill be read a
second time that day six mouths. The other three non-o®-
del members of the council spoke in aucceseion spinet the
measure. The governor, advocate-general, colonial secre-
tary, and the registrar-general, defended it. The council
divided on the amendment, when there appeared i—For it,
Messrs. Morphett, O'Halloran, Begot, Davenport (non-offi-
cial members). Against, Messrs. Mundy, Seidl., Start
(official). The governor then gave his deliberative
and also his casting vote against the amendment,
and declared it lost. Immediately afterwards the
non-official members rose in a body and walked
out of the enuncil.room, leaving the sovernor without
a quorum. His Excellency, after consulting toe crown offi-
cers, declared the council adjourned SI the tith of October.
On the 23rd of September the local directors of the South

MutesLan Mining Comp;ny, attended by their legal ad-
viser and a notary public, proceeded to the Registry Office
to protect against the impo: ition of royalties, and the con-
ditions of the land grant then tendered for the special survey
of 20,000 acres at the Reedy Creek. The protest under
whieh the grant was accepted is name of the company pro-
ceeds on the general ground of the illegality of the reserva-
tion of royalties, and also on the following special circum-
stances in the company's case : The Waste Lando Act
declares that all waste lands of the crown in the Australian
colonies shall be conveyed arcording to a certain form of land
grant. In this form the expression is used "all that is above
and all that is beneath the surface." The pa, went of
20,0001. for the special survey above-named was made in
England on the 11th of July, 184.5. The official certificates
of payment were lodged in the Colonial Secretary's office, at
Adelaide, on the 3rd of March, 1846. The minute of the
Lieut.-Clovernor, imposing a mineral reserve, or royalty,
was published for the first time in the South Australian
Gazette of the sth day of the same month of March. It wos,
therefore, grossly unjust to subject the purchasers to
terms imposed after their purchase was completed.
The Royalties Bill consists of lice clauses. The first declares
that a aeignorage of one-fifth of all metals shall he reserved
in any grants of land made since the 3rd of March, 1846.
The second declares the terms on which the seignorage may
be commuted. The third makes provision for the residence
of a government inspector wherever mines are opened. The
fourth enacts th a the appointment of such inspector shall
be notified in the government Gazette. The fifth imposes a
penalty upon the removal of ores from the mouth of the
mine without giving notice to the inspector.
NEW SOUTH WALES.—OPENING OF TIIE
LEGIBLATIV COI: sett..—On the Bth of September Governer
Fitzroy opened the session of the Legislative Council in
moon. In his speech be expressed satisfaction at
being able to congratulate them on his first meeting on the
returning prosperity of the colony. It was his anxious wish
to administer the government on " impartial, just, and con-
stitutional principles." To this end he must acquire per-
sonal knowledge, sad it would be unbecoming to pronounce
any opinion at so early a period of their intercourse. It I
was, therefore, his intention to propose only such measures
as were immediately necessary to carry on the government.
The estimates were the most important part of the busi-
ness. As soon after the clew of the session as possible he
intended to visit several districts, including some parts be-
yond the boundaries of locatim. Ho thus hoped when
they met again to be able to propose measures for the main-
tenance of harmony, advancement of the public weal. and
establiahment of confidence in his administration. Much
satisfaction was expressed with the terms and spirit of the
speech, and an address unanimously voted. The governor
was heartily cheered by the crowd without on taking his
seat in his carriage.

I INQUEST.—SUICIDE, BROMLEY.—At the Bell lon,
Bromley, on Saturday, before hf r. Canter, coroner for Kent, on
the body of W. Ray, aged 40 years, a dealer in corn. The de-
, ceased on the previous Sunday attended churcb,and afterwards
to'd several of his ft lends that the minister, in his sermon,
bad pointedly alluded to him in reference to the church-
rates, and notwithstanding the assurance of his friends that it
was entirely a delusion, he wan not satisfied. On Thursday
evening he called upon, Mr. Alexander, and remained an
hour or two, and shortly afterwards left the house saying
that he would return in a minute or two. Not doing so in
a quarter of an hour Mr. Alexander Moose alarmed, owing
to deceased's state of mind. They then went in search of
him, and in about half an hour his body was discovered in a
piece of water called the moat, adjoining the palace of the
'Bishop of Rochester, quite dead. The place where be was
found is within a few minutes' walk of his Own house. A
verdict of "temporary derangement " was returned.