The Express.
London, England, 1847-09-22 00:00:00

THE EXPRESS, WEDNESDAY EVENI.NLI, SEPTEMBER `,'2, 1847.

IRELAND,

DUBLIN, SEPT. 20.
Lord Courtown, at a recent meeting of a Wexford ,
agricultural society, advised the landlords that the
improvement of the land must be effected by them,
for the tenants had not the means ; he advised the
tenants that their farming must be more cleanly, for
he said it was quite notorious that wherever there
was a bad crop of turnips there was a good crop of
weeds.

REPORT OF TILE RELIEF COMMISSION.
In transmitting our sixth monthly report's commissioners
under the Temporary Relief Act, 10 Viet. cap. 7, we have to
record the progress made towards the cessation of our opera-
tions. The power to make advances for the temporary re-
lief has been restricted by the law to the last day of Septem-
ber, leaving it to the discretion of your lordships to select
the most appropriate periodi up to that time for its discon-
tinuance in each and all of the unions. The state of the
season, and the providential abundance of the autumnal
crops, has enabled us, under your lordships' sanction or di-
rections, to commence reductions on a large scale in the
middle of August. Out of 127 unions that were under the
act, 56 have had no advances made them on estimate for any
period after 16th August.; 26 more ceased on the 29th of
that month ; and the entire of the remainder will cease on
the 12th of September, with the exception of the advances
for the fever hospitals, which will be continued until the 30th
September. There were but few districts in which the
guardians were ready to take up the out-door relief that
might be necessary, and for which provision had been made
by the New Poor-law • but in many, the number in the poor-
house had been reduced by the system of distribution of ra-
tions, leaving hundreds of vacancies to be filled; several
committees had small balances of money, or of food in hand,
which, being husbanded, would carry them on for a
few weeks, or longer; and occupation was provided
for the people by the gathering in of the crops;
and from all these causes combined, the rapid discon-
tiausnce of this vast and somewhat loose mode of relief, has
not, as yet, been attended with the distress that might, per-
haps, have been apprehended. But as the power of distri-
buting rations shall be withdrawn from the districts where
the population is most dense, and the property and the
eociety less in a condition to support the mar ; and where
the numbers maintained by them have been very large to
the last, the means, above enumerated, of alleviating the
change will be smeller, and the distress will be greater in
proportion ; and will require every resource that can be
brought to hear upon it to prevent very much suffering.
Still we maintain, that it is more judicious to discontinue the
ration system, while the greatest amount of harvest work
that can be expected shall be in operation (however insuffi-
cient' that may be) than to allow it to continue through
that period, and then to cease. Much dread was naturally
entertained of the demoralisation that, in spite of every pre-
caution, would follow the large and almost indiscriminate
support afforded by the powers given under the Temporary
Relief Act; and certainly the facilities thus afforded to com-
mittees (many of the members of whom were intimately
associated or connected with the poorer orders), of making
the distribution a system of boons, rather than of necessity,
increased the expenditure in an enormous degree, and re-
moved from many any desire to make exertions for self-
subsistence. The very evil itself, however, has been at-
tended with a salutary re-action; and the whole country
seems, by this experience, to have been made sensible that
it is only by the most rigid and thoroughly controlled prin-
ciple of affording relief, by any public arrangement, that
society can be protected from a state of almost universal
pauperisation; and that the charge of a more benevolent
alleviation of distress than what is absolutely necessary for
the bare support of the thoroughly destitute, must, and
ought to be left, to the exertions and voluntary distribution
of the charitable and humane, which, it is to be hoped, will
always be largely afforded.—J. F. BUROOTNE, T. N. Ran-
i/4070N. 15.1. Boors, R B. TWOIXTON, D. McOaloon.

—To the Right Honourable the Lords Commissicusoes of her
Majesty's Treasury, &a, &O.
STAT4MIXT of the Nerava of DAILY HATIONO being Jilted 011 Satur-
day, the 29th August, 1817, with the aggregate Number of Persons
subsisted by them.
Of the total number, 2,019 electoral dirldans in Ireland. 951 erased
to bout rations, under Act 10 Viet., c. 7, after the 12th August,
leaving 1,095 under the operation of the act.
8y Beturns received from 588 Electoral Daisies':
The number of gratuitous rations moult to 772,725
The number of rations sold

Total number of daily rations 752,320

Number at electoral divisions that have sent In their returns
Number of clectund divisions whose returns are deficient !UP

Received. Redone. Ifot received. Rations.
If US E. D. : 7112,520 : : 210 E. I). = 185,053
165,055
Total 087,575 rations.
Divide by 31 brine
the proportion the
population of eh&
dren bears to the
rations 276,450 children, in the ta"o of one-fourth
co' population.
820,350 adult., in the ratio of throe-fourths
Cr population.

Ontollooe 1,091,959
Sold
Total - 1,105,800 ',creme receiving relief.
2,520,376 to let August, 1817.
1,103,800 to 29th Aura; 1817.

1,414,676 demesne in put month.
500,336 decrease in previous month.
--
1,914,912 total decrease.
It. M. Banner, Accountant.
Relie(Commlesion.office, September 1, 1847.
TENANT-RIGHT IN TIPPERARY.—MEETING AT