The Express.
London, England, 1865-04-08 00:00:00

[Stamped, id Additional.l

George Wilson was deeply moved, Mr. Gladstone's
pals face wore an expression of saddened gravity as
with much earnestness he followed the clergyman
from his prayer-book. When the solemn words
"ashes to sale*, dust to dust" were pronounced,
and the handful of earth was heard to rattle on the
coffin lid, there was a rush of friends to the opening
of the vault, and a struggle to catch a last farewell
look at what was about to be shut in from them for
ever. For a moment the scene was exquisitely
painful to witness, then the earth was shovelled in,
and slowly and decorously the mourners turned
away from the churchyard. The funeral of Richard
I Cobden was over.

The following letter of apology wee received from
the Bishop of Oxford :
My dear Mr. Tither.—l em much obliged to you far your
note. It would leave bees a sad sidiefacelea tome to Lye
bear able to pay that mark of respect to the great Seri
Enlighten., who has bees, fix us, so prematurely takes
sway. Bat I am barely recovering myna' from a severe
atom:Mal &Bastion, end am only allowed at preempt to go
rot with precautione and omiclitioas which make me quite
usable to venture to Laviegtoo on Friday. Would you let
say of Ida Meads who would care to know it, know the mo-
m of my absesco.
I heel his Lm deeply ; 1 Busk it a greet 'adrenal kma.
Bat my feelings dwell gather se t►e Las et such a men,
whom I impale is not too much for me to venture to cell my
friend. Hie gentlemen@ of nature, the iseideraine and fresh-
sees of his &Bandage, hie asseedieg modality, Ma muter love
of truth, and hie ready and kindly sympathy—them iovested
him with an unusual charm for ma. How deeply I feel for
his wife and for hie daughters !—I am, my dear Mr. Fisher,
ever most truly yours, B. Oson.
April 5, 1865.

Maticnaerra.--•• great lumber of places of bind-
MOO is Manehrider, although it wee a market day, cloud
after two o'clock. Mazy of the shops fa the leading the-
ronghfszes had a portion of their batten up all day. Flags
half-mart high were hoisted es the warehousing of the fol-
lowing sarong a great number et anseiantile and other
Irma :—Meerre. Weethead, S. Mendell, A. and B. Henry,
Kershaw and Co., J. and B. Watts, E. and J. Jeckese, J.
and E. Waters and CO.. T. Potter and Co., Ryles& and
Co., Bannerman, Fletcher, Boa, sad Co., Feeder sad Oa.
Chamberlin and Oa, Firth, Sliaptry, sad Oa. Hargreavea
Reid, sad Co., J. Brows, Sea, and. Co., Ku*sue.,
R. Barbour sad Brother, Thompson, M'Key, .
sad J. Vermin, 3PLaren and Nephews, Golding. Swate.
sad On, HiCkMk. Lloyd. sad King, Sharps, Stewart and
CO. ; sad on the F.:cheese, the Town-hall, and en the
Quesn's sad Waterloo Hotel. Matt people were mourning,
I sad there mend to be s ward desire throughout the city
to show some meek of respect on the occasion.
BlllllllqOllAX.—At Birmingham, on the sugges-
tion of the mayor, many of the shops in the principal streets
were closed from eleven to one o'clock, ad the bells were
tolled.
BIAMPORD. —The respect shown for the memory
of she patriotic statesman was most marked at Bradford.
Between twelve and two o'clock there was an entire see
peados of business, end some eetehilahments remained
closed throughout the entire day. All the tanks, ware-
houses, shops, and inns were closed, and is many abees not
only were the doom and abutters closed, but the blinds
were draws down in all the upper windows. A muffled peal
was rue( at the pariah church. Os most of the public
Wadley dogs were suspended half way down the staff.
Boutwattrrow.—The bells of Bt. Michael's and
tiolyrood churches; rung muffled peals. The corporation
and tradesmen's Sags were bang half-mast high, and most
of the shops bad abutters up. No such signs of rennet mad
mourning have been seen in the town wince the death of the
Prince Consort. The shops were partially elosed.in the bask
streets an well as in the High-street. Conservatives vied
with liberals in paying homage to the memory of the de-
ceased.

CAPTAIN CHESNEY ON SHERMAN'S
CAMPAIGN.

Yesterday Captain Chesney, RE., Professor of
Military History at the Royal Military College, Sandhogs*,
delivered • lecture in the theatre of the Royal United Service
Isstilvation, en "Lessees from American Camgeigue." The
chair was taken by his Royal Highness the Doke of CAM,
=IDOL
The Lecturer charnel that be had before now had the
honour of discussing in that place some of the more remark-
able events, in a military point of view, of the earlier cam.
paigua of the American war, but the interest now attaching
to them ma greater than ever before. On the first outbreak
of hostilities people's minds had been much excited by the
spectacle of a late lawyer, now chief magistrate of the State.
calling out hundreds of thousands of men and flinging them
against a rebellion that embraced ten millions of people ;
but after Bull's Run public interest bad for a period entirely
subsided, and the general opinion wee that Europe
had nothing to learn from the propose of events
in America. But it ought to be remembered,
that the disgraceful panic of the first battle,
when men ran wildly off, artillerymen cut the
traces of their guns to secure their own safety, and soldiers
fired on their own officers who tried to stop them, had been
in all particular, paralleled in the first campaigns of the re-
volutionary armies of Franco, and still more lately by the
Prussian troops when they were first encountered by Napo-
leon, though the very same men afterwards were those
who stood by us at Waterlco. Aod in his former lecture
be had pointed out that the American campaigns fully
exemplified all the established rules of war. Bat while the
ordinary commanders bad learned to conduct their cam-
paigns in accordance with them rules, there bad sprung up
one or two, such so Grant and Sherman, who were greater
than rules, and knew how to make occasion serve them under
conditions to which ordinary rules were inapplicable. The
latter, to whose campaign of last year he proposed to direct
attention, he regarded ai • man of extraordinary abilities, a
little acentric probably, sometimes silent and reserved,
at others frank and epee, but he would not say that he
was at all of the character of that OM to whom
he bad bees lately likened, Oliver Cromwell. He was also,
like Jackson, who had likewise been • military professor,
sometimes a little professorial ia his methods. Bat to him
belonged the great original merit of striking out • new
system is the American war. Hitherto, as the French
primes had resarkoi, the armies as both sides had never
ventured more than a day's march from the railway or river
that supplied them. Sherman maw that, given • country
I. which the fighting men bad bees drafted into the army,
and in which great stores of provisions had hese laid up, a
body of troops might penetrate to any distance from their
hem that they chose. This ides he had proved by experi-
ment in his expedition to Meridian in Mississippi, in the
spring of 1864. although from other agues that expedition
had failed. When appointed to succeed Grant in command
of the army of the Tennessee, he was resolved to try it ea
&larger scale.
This wee in March, 1864. He was then at Chatham.,
aid was placed in command of about 100.000 fighting men.
consisting of those who had formed three armies nyder
different commanders, and whom, when be drew them $
him, he continued under the same officers. On his right.
or forming the western wing, were 25.000 under Maspbsa
man, who afterwards fell, aid wee considered the most pre.
mining of all the yens( Federal genemis. la the crates
was Thomas, commanding 60,000 moo. His left, or meters
wing, consisted of 15.000 under Schofield. Opposed to him
was General Johnston., whose forces at no time exceeded
64,000 men, and at first did sot amount to more than 41,000,
bat of whom them wee a larger proportion of cavalry than
la Sherman's armies, amounting to about 15,000 men. The
Confederates were maimanded by Johnstone, sad were
posted at Dsltoo, en extremely strong position, about 90
miles to the south of Chattanooga. In May, Sherman
moved to the attack. But he saw that Dalton wee too
strong to be carried, and he therefore adopted the system
which he steadily pursued throughout the campaign—to
compel his opponent to retreat without fighting.
Holding • part of his army entrenched in frost
of the fenny, he met Itscphareos to make •
detour to the right, and to strike the railway in
the Confederate mar at about 20 miles distal,* at Beam
This was a difficult and dangerous operatics. requatig •
great tiara of wagger and • variety of precaution sash as
assitid the provideot eye of • great eernseanalor. Bat Mao

[TWOPENC

plemon, ow roarblup Ream, found it estrattitod by moms
of to arrangarmats so sock twat in Mat eampuip, ties
ordinary rail fences Ming throws lows arid sank throws
up upon them, so as to afford very quickly cover against
musketry, or moo artillery. flo did sot attack, but
waited to roinforeemante Thom at het teoeslit Ma etningth

op to 60,000 moo, but Jobotiono shoo porooh;lag bis dottier,
oft the Nob May rolasatad with his whole boos ho Berea,
sad minuted attack. Sherman poor, bowivor, ropostol the

sionsassit, aisle &bob* Macykisses mead lobssloses
laft. sad is lira days son Jardine fsli isisemsly back to
Omnille, 30 miles fatilmor to this mad Has he remised
risforsoisets, sad his sissy ass saw pissed
wider titres oosassaden of awls, Hardee, Hood,

Ned Polk. The two latter wen ow bad terms
with Johnstone tad demurred to the positions wiped
_ . .

-
them La the order of beetle, whereas Joliesions again
retreated, teak post first at Delis, thee Mired on the
flask al the Beemaw Mounters, • lofty and Meek ridge,
creaming the railway at right angles, at about IS sales from
AtLata An isolated hW at Allsesena, to the meth of
this he bad bees afraid to *soapy bemuse of hi with to
cover some einetry roads in the rear, so nervosa seised and
fortified it. From Ist to 12th Jam Sterne pealed for-
ward siege works males! Jobastresa poultice, edema's( kw
his left Oa the 11th be was Mil& reach d the Kusesew
estrenehments, and hose. after Wag delayed wee weeks
by bad weather, be, se be mid, to skew hi temps that they
tame fight as tea se teaseewees, pushedlimes the
Jane sonnet the works. bat limitlessly, sad with a Isola
3,000 men. while the Clonadereen km did net exceed 250.
Benet* then to hi former system, Macpherson was Mir
patched to cut the railway is the rear where it crewed the
Chattahmobie, and Johnston, was then forced to retire, an
operatics be performed with the greatest skill. Maar
• body of Federal cavalry under Rousseau had base col-
lected* Trustee, in Teneesese, end made a raid into
Alabama to join Sherman, after cutting the railways to the
westward. The lecturer deseribed the means used for
effectually preventing the rails torn op from being spin
used, by heating them red hot and twisting them so thee
they could sot be straightemed. Johnstone was Dow shut
isto Mists, but Elimlßßlaa was held as bay till the 17th of
July, whoa Davis, whom we had bees accustomed to eon-
eider a sapcioss ruler, but who sometimes did eery foolish
I ,thipi displaced Johnstone is order to substitute a mess
datikag leader (Hood), who, though a pliant afilwor, was
sewer considered by his friends as an able reeeraL The first
fruit of the change was an aroma on the Federal astreech•
meats, in which the Confederates were remised with a ism
of 4,000 or 5,000 um Other Week, followed with lapse
like result, but in am of them the Fedi& general (114 a.
pbersos) was killed. Hood, finding the totality
of this system, stood on the delenidve from 2fith
July to Zled August, and spin Shemin made
no program Now, however, Heed, hem* that
he could, by cutting Sherman's examnaketime, fetes •
him to raise the siege, sent off Wheeler with ell hi angry
to penetrate the country to the acetli-west, sad endeavour
to strike and destroy the railway. But the Faders* as
their Mums, bad thoroughly orgmbed the telegraphs, and
had established a repair corps, so that whenever the Om-
federate cavalry appeared they were driven off, and the
slight damage they effected was reandleti at once. Wheeler
ultimately disappeared in Tanners*, effecting nothing,
while Hood suffered severely from the loss of the " eyes
of the army," and his oosiequeat want of information of
Sherman's movemesta. That gromel, after an unsitconeful
attempt by his cavalry to cat the railways leading into
Atlanta from the eolith, at length carried the bulk of his
army in that dirsettea, mid thee forced Hood to evarmate
the town by the sad of September. The result of the whole
operstioos proved conelnevely that Johnstom's detersive
strategy was mud, time all Hood's active operations
failed, and it was only when he imitated Jobastons that he
was able to resist for any time.
Shemin now foamed the design of continuing his march
through Georgia. There were only 13,500 militia in that
SUM and if Hood could be got rid of, the enterprise was
easy. He was rejoiced, therefore, while accumulating
quietly iatormation resenting routes and supplies, to hear
that Hood bad followed hi cavalry to the north. Sherman
proceeded to defend the railway, and lead Hood further
seem. Fearing lest the latter might keep to the outward,
from which he could recover the route to Georgia, Sherman
moved to the westward, and thus induced Hood to take the
sum directive, and ultimately to comeive the project of
invading Tennessee. As ems es this was clear, Sherman,
leaving 30,000 men with Thomas for the &teem of that
Slate, marched rapidly bath to Atlanta, destroying the
railway behind him, and on the 14th November set out for
hi march to Savannah, about 50,000 strong. His army was
divided into two coining', the left under Slocum, the
right under Howard, reuniting at Milledgeville, where
they had a brush with the Confederate militia, sad utterly
defeated them. Strict discipline was at first maintained,
any breach being punished even by flogging, but the practice
of living on the countrp is always demoralising to troops,
and they had gradually, from bee:intim with burning houses
where bloodhounds were found, proceeded to burning where
any dogs wets found, and now the lecturer feared were
burning all houses iadieeriminately. From Milledgeville
the march is two columns was resumed, Wheeler sandy try-
ing by flank attacks to check it. Millen was the next point
of junction ; but as it was of the utmost importunes to con-
ceal the reel intention of attacking Savannah, the cavalry
was detached tolfeiet towards Augusta. Sherman, however,
had long as. that the only effectual way of attacking the
coast cities, situated as they are on rivers and ground
broke' up by swamps, was from the interior, and the
monodrama of his views were established by his rapid
success before Savassab. In two days after the
capture of Fort Macalister, a very dashing ex-
ploit, Savannah had fake. Hood, meanwhile, was be-
aiming Nashville with 40,000 men—s vain attempt, as
Thome had an equal amber within it, and had • railway
and river opus to it. by which he received reisforeemente.
At last he sallied forth, drove Hood. from his esteem&
mentor—a proof of the falsity of the opinion stated by some
that eatreischinsets bad never been forced during the Ame-
rican war—end utterly routed him. He only saved the
wreck of his army through the skill of Forrest, a very able
cavalry general, who covered the retreat.
The lecturer, while rating Shermaa's ability very highly,
considered that is the campsite he had made some mistakes,
am of which was, that while prefeming to regard the bulk
of the ishabitinte of Georgie as friendly to the Federal
mass, he bad given no vouchers for the contributions he
exacted. lie did not proem to epesk of the motel conse-
quences of the movemeate be had described, bot he did not
share the ophsion expressed by many that the Federal' could
not hold the South is subjeotioe after defeating it. He had
however, a real fear that the ermines committed on both
sidle, such as the murder of Captain Walesa by the Conn
federates, would so exasperate the minds of the victors,
that they would wreak terrible retaliation whoa they had
the power.
The Doke of CAMBRIDGE moved a vote of *asks for the
very intending and instructive lecture they had just heard.
It was difficult to follow the American war, from the great
extant el country it embraced, bat Captain Chesney had
sameeded in at least making Shermea's campaign remark-
ably clear. He would say, es • soldier, that taw Antrim
emeritus bed satisfied him of two things—first, the vim
great importance of the spade is modern warfare, now that
we had rifled pins and muskets ; and escoadly, of the error
of Usage who thought that the day at cavalry hod gone by.
He thought it was clear that cavalry was still el immense
vales, particularly light cavalry, though there were still
oceenoos on which heavy cavalry would be cd peat service.
But an efficient face of light cavalry be cessidered was
proved to he of paramount importance. (Appian.)

INTERNATIONAL SOCIAL SCIENCE Cowmen.
The 3rd anniegot the Inenennal Nodal Bekaa °aegis's
will take One in Bens et the end el Amen Prolistiaory
neethige Inn already bees held saber she presidesey of
M. OtiallinVesel, wins a orairsittee of 49 was noses to
neeine the plena, and me to the neonetociatioe fat eh*
Drees, he. A. .greenest had also ben arrived at to for-
ward • lilt ar Bablene to the antra committee at Brussels,
with the reinert le hen& Brea ta the programme is Use
Wenn Scritsuriscd.
Du Berry's delicious health restoring Revalents
Anne& loin ewe& irttbout medletrie or Inconvenience. Dfs-
(i.dyaettanl,
Coe". Aathees. Osostmiptlos, Debility,
{es{
Moss, Ikrat, sod Iltstosen ottesplauild
sad wee fifty Non tie cost la ether randlee. 00,000 cures
Lis Barry sad Co.. No. Tr. llegmenriet. lads% W.
ra at
Is. .; Ss dd. ; Use- At all poem%
IddreeltoMMESl

■

,

I

lt.R. Aims glade al Chstie sadle
Istabidalsoent Is demi st S Is the
at ass o'clock.
----

TES CORRESPONDENT.
e.• eli ax

MHZ OXFORD.—FAUST and ORPHICE AUX
WlRll3.—Prlmilial perfonmes, Ileadear IlAnsiont.
ridgmiellsruivoMil""Wreneliap, aullgrOll224ll.
WIRY G.

WRILSTOR GALLERY, 120, Pall-mall—The
TWZITYH AN/COAL IMILISMON of ficruzza. tAa
tante/Mims et Argils of the numb sad Flemish School; •nu
OPEN au MONDAY next. Adimiteloa, IA Catalogue, id.

FLOWER SoEEDS.
so POST 26 FREE
so so 16 II
vars. van. van. van. TatlL 111111.
I. Cl. li. d. 11. IL S. d. ad. a. 4.
Anima* Itnitraz r., : 10 : 6 0
~.. 6..2 ~
Peranial. n .... :15 • 12 5 : : so se so
Balt 7 2 I
mil= awl —2,884 Illanin2ll. coomi;ssima
mom% zoom W.C.
---_

JOHN BROODSN begs to la.
a11ac40,0991994 allitatattlie VALUZ
'nada& that the interests id th Wired
be alike protected by the *ids tion
subject. Geld Wog divided tato St part
that pad of
24 mate floe, II IS °area.= $
worth „Et 4 111 17 canes • $
w is
per oases. 16 mate— 16 TI
22 mate.. 4 1 6 13 arab.. 213 1
21 carob (British 14 arab.. 961
steadsrdi ir to is assts.. s s 0
11 comae.. 814 4 12 WM... 2 2 1
10 00,010.. It 10 11 carat.. IIS 11
19 aerate.. 6 1 S 10 carets.. IIS 4i,
918401614.64,7. 16. Hams4etta4lreet. 00V441361414•34.

Lk. the following
.40 GOLD. Sods, Pa'
W Yid tits PING
OD irin
the
rimes:sis.wl.dirrollows

9 carats.. Ll 11 10
carats.. 1 8 36
maw.
1 1
4 9
6 maw. 186
6 orate . 017 8
4 ousts.. 014 I
8 mists.. alO 76
2 midi.. 0 7 1
108,11.. 0 3 •
wisa. laadoa, W.C.
for la. each. Thu
sad oa saturdays

MIA= MEDAL AWARDILD.I
Awars PATINT PORTMANTEAUS and
TIATILLINO BLOB Ida ',Ern
wttL
_ lAMB WA.RDIOBI MUNK% DZIIBVMOS,

Uwe AM
MITA Dorm wsiTiNG and Duxqrtro Qum and
MO eats artless tar hems or conemetal treellimg. Illasinebud
osisiormes pet Moo
Abe Abets Barrack Fareftw• caidsp•
_of Resins Bed
eosin Diming. Yawl Arks. Waggiassm. Oalleman am,
mei boo
J. W. ALUM, Manufacture awl ?atomise, $7. WN$ Mead.
&MR W.C.

IM PRO V EMEN TS in SHIRTS.
BODGIAS IMPILOVZD 002AZIn gams, do for Uo.
Good modal slab (oar No SO, la su slaw 111. Oa half-dosost
annfololl for azooliases and dooffilaso Mood lioto Intik MU
pod frac —WOMB and Oa, oint makona. 50.
Charioveroaa Ditablisbel yams. 81.
Oa pans Pfaando

COLOURED FLANNEL SHIRT&
NW sad DMOVID DXBIOIO.
A bras mortoasat road 7 loads at 7a IL, Is. id., 10a Id., oad
12a. OA soca. Daat qualltlot, will &mak, made fob m a
10a Id. mod its. dd., potters' wbloh ant post two
otaospa-I.ODOILIA sad PA. ltartia'olaaa, Cbartos-
croma. Notabiloltod dO rem 0. arte Frostaka

THRESHER'S FLAX CLOTH SHIRTS,
Tamar& Inexpensive sabsitt vie for cotton. sold only by
and GlittlNY, ontattera. ghost door to Soineroot.
boom, Strand.

G/CNTLIKKZNI3 DREW—No. 106, Strand.—
HAMILTON and XIIIPTON. Tailors, invite an early
Mrof do NIW 611IING GOODS, which are now ready.
:tack of Overcoats always on hand for present use.
106, BTlLlffi, WIGS= EXiTILIi NAM

TROUSERS.—The NEW GOODS ue •
randy. and Oentionsta who do not mind paying a fair
price for • good pair of Traders can depend on the beet
•nuteriala
HAMILTON sad mirrors,
MA Saran& oppoettn UAW Hall