The Express.
London, England, 1851-09-20 00:00:00

THE EXPRESS, SATURDAY EVENING, SEPTEMBER 20, 1851.

government of Egypt w!,,s completely in the guidance ' could prevent or delay the opening of that ,:low
of France, whose parti'sans, occupying even- place of 1 indispensable mode of communication, it would be
importance at Ater,andria, twee defeatea the pro- I precisely the getting up the old quarrel betw•aen the
ject of a railroad., .! although thirty miles of -rail two•Malometan powers of lurk and Ar-,,b, and of
were actually bought, and -have tbr the last Mien getting Euroranrwers to cane and abet and wax
years lain in the government stores." The .Case around their Oriental Fears.
party callsed, it is said, the Whole sea-coast of Egypt agin
last accounts front Constantlnople far from
to be figtified, and in such a way, that nts Egyptian reprasenting the Divan as obstinale in reinsing the
force could man the ?ortifications. All tMs was 1 doges of .Egypt, state, on the c:intrary. that every
done under the direction of French engineers. Mean- wish anti effort are felt ants made on the part of
time,
An English oompany had been formed for the transit of nothing but intemperance on the part of Egypt is
Pa`gengers and goods -
through Egypt, in connection with likely to perpetuate them.
...at steam communications to Alexandria and Suez. Great ELSCAID Paella to smooth away difficulties, and that
larfivviteae; had
tal .teen.gairriitdd itnbCaledilnormsvoeurre government ;
in
the desert, in providing steam-boats, carriages, horses, and
other means of conveyance. Through the indefatigable
zeal of the directors the many difficulties which presented
themselves at the outset were completely overcome, and the
undertaking was beginning to give general satisfaction,
when its growing importance attracted the jealousy of
the French party, and its removal from English halide was
decided upon.
They persuaded the Pasha that the existence of so power
ful a foreign company was politically detrimental to his in-
terests, and that some day it might become a stepping-stone
for the aggressive views of Great Britain upon Egypt. The
station-houses, they said, would form the nucleus of forts,
and the steamers on the Nile might with little difficulty,
and upon some trivial pretence, be easily converted into
1 vessels of war. With such arguments they persuaded
Mohamed Ali to take the company into his own hands and
pally by force, and partly by holding out promises of large
compensation, he became the proprietor.
The pamphlet then passes to the present reign :
Such was the position of effairs on the accession of
Abbas. lie found the country which, by right of suc-
cession, he was called upon to govern, in a state of
pupilage with France fur its guardian; awl wherever he
turned for :counsel, ho met with advisers more or less
biassed in favour of those views which France hail con-
trived to stereotype on the minds of tho leading men
of the country.
During the life-time of his grandfather, Abbas had
invariably protected against the undue iutluenee of
France ; and front the day he came into power, he re-
solved on relieving his country from so grievous an incu-
bus. His Bret act was ire that sense; and alter hurrying
through the form and ceremony of investiture at Con-
stantinople, he no sooner returned to Cairo than he set
to work in earnest. He commenced by dismissing from
his sereice and pensioning off a number of Frenchmen and
other Europeans, who for years bad enjoyed the rank and
drawn the emolument of Heys, but the exact nature of
whose duties it was difficult to define. Amongst his own
officers there were many holding high rank and important
pests who hail been gained over, heart and soul, to the !
,news of France. These he recommended to retire to Con-
, stantinople.
One man, however, remained, who for years had identi-
fied himself with French policy in Egypt, and whose prac-
tised hands continued to keep its intricate machinery in
working order. This man was Artin Bey. Armenian by
birth, but educated in France, he was considered her
adopted son. More artful and cunning than talented,
deeply versed in chicane, and an adept in the petty in-
trigue* of an Oriental court, he was a fit subject for the
duties required at his halide. Bought by Franey, he UR-
bushy did the work she required of hint; but when the
French fell into disgrace he affected to desert their cause,
and, pretending to enter into the views of Abbas, suc-
ceeded in retaining the same position in the government he
had held under alohamcd AB—via., Minister of Commerce
and Foreign Affairs, for to he styled himself. In this
double capacity he had wide scope to indulge the ruling
passions of his mind peculation and intrigue ; and
that he did so to the fullest extent of the words, no 011 C
familiar with the missing events of those d.iys can possibly
deny.
It may be said, and with reason, that Abbas was
wrong in putting so much power into the hand, of such
a man—or of any man; and that, by so doing, he placid
temptations in his way, such as few were likely to resist.
The fault, however, was not his. Ile nwrely left things as
he found them, till he could select fit people to undertake
separately the many functions his grandfather had centered
in one man. Artin Bey was no doubt aware of this, and,
on the principle of turning the present moment to account,
lint no time in profiting by his uncertain tenure of
office. It would occupy too much space were we to
enumerate the many peculation, laid to his charge;
nor should we dwell thus long on his peculiar ten-
deneies, but that we deem it essential our readers
should be made fully acquainted with the character of
the man who is playing so couspicuous a part in the in-
trigues going on at Constantinople for the ruin of the whole
Wilily of his former master and benefactor. Abbas very
soon had reason to doubt the fidelity of his minister, not
only in his commercial, but also his political capacity. Hu-
mours were aflott that theft Turks whom, at his accession,
he had dismissed the service and ordered to withdraw from
Egypt, were plotting in common with Iteschid Pasha, the
Grand Vizier, fur the overthrow of him and his family, and
that Artin Bey had been gained over to be the active agent ,
of this party m Eeypt.
Circumnences were not wanting to prove the complicity
of the hvy ; and eventually, on Abbas ordering an inquiry
to be instituted, lie thought it wiser to withdraw at once,
and lied the country under the plea of fear of persecution.
From that time forth he openly joined the opposition party
at Constantin. ple, where his talent for intrigue, and his
knowledge of tho affairs of Egypt, marked him for the
leader and promoter of all those was of hostility levelled
against the govenine lit of Abbas. In the mean time the
viveroy continuid film in the position he had taken up to-
wards France. In vein the French consul-general remelt.
'grated with him on the danger of breaking with a power
which had rendered so great services to his grandfather,
and which alone could save him from falling into the hands
of the English. Nothing was left untried in the hope of
regainine the lost monopoly of power. Failing in persua-
don, 1',.. .a".,•an. hail to threats ; the' French press became
reale. s, t, einiee with abuse; no invention was too gross
bur linen...lien, end Abbas was heist up to; the world as a
mon-hr of iniquity. But when at length, in defiance of
Frenee coins t, lie baldly declared his intention of nicking
a reilroail heosecu Alexandria and Cairo, and in answer to
the strong representations of the French consul-general,
ehellengi it hint to give hut one volid reason against it,
French opposition reached its culminating point. Defeated
on a qmotion they considered vital to their policy, and find-
ing all remonstrance vain, they at once coalesced with
Stamboul ; and while they differed with the Porte an to
the ultimate object of the coalition, they agreed cordially
on the preliminary step, the downfall of Abbas, and with
him that of the projected railroad.
'fhe writer of the pamphlet then goes on to chow
the intrigues of the Porte and its tarns ,ns to
injure and unseat ABBAS PACIIA, Burke his rail-
road, and reduce Egypt to the subserviency of other
provinces.
Now we know perfectly well, that were a par-
tisan of Turkey employed to write a pamphlet
against Egypt and did he receive from the offices
of the Sublime 'Porte communication of the charges
against Aunts PACIIA, he could concoct just as
potent a tirade against that Paella, who might be
accused of a variety of machinations and intrigues,
and misdemeanours.

FRANCE.

Mahometan powers have really not so much cha-
racter to throw away, as that they should employ
agents to vilify each other. There arc none of
them so much better than they should be,
or so much wiser, or so much stronger, as
to afford to indulge in mutual recrimination. Such
pamphlets as these are the very worst means that
El° pt could employ to compass its ends. First,
they widen the breach between the Porte and the
PA(111. and next they goad and provoke the suscep-
tibilities of France, make it a struggle of amour
pro/me as well as interest between her and England,
and then raise mountains of übstacles to a project,tho
way to attain which was the direct contrary, that is,
to remove and turn, and smooth away, obstructions
instead of augmenting them by misrepresentation and
malice.
We feel as anxious as any can be for the further-
ance and completion of this Egyptian railroad, one
of the greatest transits of our commerce and commu-
nication. But we feel convinced that the scheme is
not to be enforced and accomplished by bullying.
We cannot afford in the year 1841 to quarrel once
more with France about an Egyptian question,
and thus again preclude all common understanding
with that power in the important politics of the east.
We do not deny that the agents of France arc too
often actuated by a narrow and a rival spirit. We
are aware of the traditional policy of France
in the Levant, which is a mass of pettiness and
folly, doing no honour to a wise and a great IN-
vernment. But these traditions the French, especi-
ally the present French Directors of the Foreign De-
partment, will scrupulously follow. Our policy is,
however, not to quarrel with them on that account,
which can only throw them into the arms of Russia
and of Austria. Our aim is the contrary; and our
rule ought to be to do everything in the Levant, or
accord with them, if possible.
; Should there be any scheme like that of this rail-
road. which we ardently desire to accomplish even
in the face of French disapproval, then our only
chance of success must be to arm ourselves
with the St'irx.s's authority, as well as the
PACIIA'S favour. For if we arm every one
against us and against ABBAS, the absolutist
• powers, France and the SULTAN, we are merely,
making a hostile league against us, which may cud
in defeating the project, and in producing our own
humiliation or involving us in war.
We should, therefore, strongly recommead the
Egyptian agents not torocced in the path indicated
by this pamphlet. M ar or recrimination which I
awakens national rivalry and passion is not the way
to raise loans or to make railroads. If anything

through the mhUie of La Calle, and through
the mine. In the meantime the Mara
Salak-BenNohammed, Governor of tho ICef
and its dependencies, has established himself on the
frontier. The miners are greatly molested by the
Tunisians. One of them, a Spaniard, has been shot
at the fountain whence they fetch water.
From government returns of the quantity of beet-
root sugar manufactured during the year ending
August 31st, 1851, it appears that the indigenous
produce of France now exceeds that of all the French
colonies. The total product shown by the returns is
more than 76 millions of kilogrammes, being an in-
crease of 14 millions as compared with last year;
and it is remarkable that the whole quantity pro-
duced has been consumed. The imports from the
four sugar colonies in the year !KA were only 65
mi.lions and a half, and this year they are nut ex-
pected to be so much. Tho number of beetroot sugar
factories goes on increasing. There arc now 309,
being twelve more than last year.
The metallic reserve of the Bank of France has
diminished 71 millions in Paris, and increased 11
millions in the branch banks. The discount accom-
modation has increased j a million in Paris, and 1 of
a million in the departments, the amount of the for-
mer being 34,379,702 fr., and of the latter 60,924,078 fr.
en the side of the liabilities the notes in circulation
have increased 4 millions in Puris, and declined about
lof a million in the provinces. The account current
of the treasury amounts to 126,117,256 fr., being about
a million leas than the preceding week. Private
accounts current have declined about 7 millions in
Paris, and 2 millions in the provinces, the amount of
the former being 97,318,164 fr., and of the latter,
29,30e,362fr. The whole amount of the metallic re-
serve is now 830 millions, to 3261 millions of notes
in circulation. _ _

PARIS, FaMar Evrsayo.
Yesterday a cabinet council was held at the Elysee,
at which M. Leon Faucher appeared, wearing the
insignia of his new rank as Commander of the Legion
of Honour.
The political fact of most importance at the pre-
' sent moment is the decidedly liberal tone assumed
by the supporters of the Prince do Joinville's candi-
dature. Dexterous advantage has been taken of the
manifest bias of the government of Lotfai Napoleon
! towards an absolutist regime to array the Orleanist
forces on the popular ground which has been de-
serted by their rivals. No journals deplore with
more ostentation the measures of rigour which are
daily taken against the democratic press, and the
scandalous vexations of the police, than the Ordre
and afessayer, which push the new candidature with
most vigour. The same journals affect a similar
liberality on foreign politics. They lament over the
despotic ordinances of the Emperor of Austria; they
mourn the abolition of fundamental rights by the
Frankfort Diet; and they execrate the bar-
bcrous tyranny of the King of Naples.
Thus the Orleanists arc evidently throwing
out baits for the support of the republicans,
and they are not without hope to draw off
numerous proselytes from the desperate profession of
socialism. Whether this policy be sincere or only
an electoral manmuvre, no doubt can be entertained
of its success. It is only necessary to observe the ,
bitter anger and violent animosity of the Guizot
party against what they stigmatise as the revolu-
tionary policy adopted by the Orleanists, to be per-
suaded that the latter are making formidable way.
I take from the Assentbqe Nationale of to-day the
following specimen of its reproachful polemics :
Yon will do what the Girontlns have done, you will seek
your alliances even in the camp of the revolutionists; you
will purcha.c their co-operation at any price, in order to
dissolve and crush the conservative party which resists you ;
you will succeed in it, and it will be your triumph
and chastisement. This descent be assured (and we
tell you so without bitterness) will be fatal and irre-
sistible. You will come to it—you are there already.
Already you caress the revolution--you partake 1111
its most dangerous ideas—you Hatter its most guilty pas-
sions—you hawk about its mist monstrous calumnies—you
espouse its most detestable Turrets. Your words and your
conduct are those which you affected at the time of the
banquets ; you will go to the end in that career which you
have alnntly run, in order to arrive at a catastrophe a
thousand times more terrible than that of the 21th Febru-
ary. Do not imagine that danger will give you sup-
porters • you will not be acquainted with the peril until it
is too late, and after you have overcome and diearmed all
those who might have assisted you in warding it Mr. Allow
us to tell you that you are net the Orleauism of 1830; you
are that Orleanism the phantom of which, evoked by you,
appeared to us for a few short moments on the triumphant
barricades, and which vanisked like smoke in your power-
less hands. That Orleanism we shall take no part in ; it
leads to an abyss.
In the meantime it is observable that the mode-
rate legitimists are grewing cooler towards the
Elysee. The ultra-legitimists push the candidature
of Laerochejacquelin in order to bring M. Berever's
party to adopt that of Changarnier instead of Louis
IS-apolcon's.
At a meeting of delegates from the electoral com-
mittees calling themselves committees of the " na-
tional right, of six departments in the south of
France lately held at Avignon, it was unanimously
resolved that M. do Lurochijacauclin should be the
legitimist candidate for the presidency.
The persons arrested in the riots at Largentiarc
and Laurne will, in consequence of the Ardache hay-
ing
been proclaimed in a state of siege, be brought to
trial before a court-martial. This has the air of a
retroactive proceeding, as the arrests were made
when the department was not subjected to martial
law, and seems of questionable legality.
An investigation into the facts relative to the lot-
tory of the Lingots d'Or, which for some days past
have greatly occupied the public, is now being made
by M. &mama commissary of police. The first irre-
gularities discovered, and which have occasioned the
dismissal of M. Langlois, are the following :—A
fictitious account of 1,300,000 tickets was opened
(with the usual allowances on biking a quantity
of tickets), in the name of a Mr. F--, whom M.
Langlois declares he does not know, and respecting
whom none of the employ's of the administration
of the luttery can give any information what-
soever. Two of the principal employ's, without i
having obtained the previous authorisation of the'
Council of Surveillance, and even without having
Informed the director, M. Langlois, took 1,100,000
tickets, which they debited in fictitious accounts to
their Ix-others and brothers-in-law, some of whom
reside abroad, the others in one of the principal de-
partmental towns. Part of these 1,100,000 tickets
were given to a Mr. 11—, after the official closing of
the issue, and under the express condition of sharing
the premiums arising from the sale at a higher price
than one franc. It has been ascertained that at the
Present moment one of the two employ's in question
Is still a debtor to the administration of the lottery
to the amount of 70,000 fr.
The weekly paper La Feuille do People was seized
this morning at the poet and in its office, for contain-
ing a letter addressed to the prefect of police by M.
Felix Pyat. SEPT. 17.
Two of the individuals arrested for being concerned There can be no kind of doubt about the customs'
convention between Prussia and Hanover being a very long
in the French-German plot, by name Veber and stride in advance in the free trade direction. Yet many
Adeline, have been condemned each to 15 days of hero doubt if this result be its design; and the 14th sepa-
imprisonment for having arms and ammunition in rate ankle, together with the ministerial colatitude that
their possession. have appeared, both in the Prussian and in the Hanove-
prese, give some countenance to the doubters. The
The judgment of the Court of Assize on Nr. F. V. clan
11th separate article alludes to some , 'tile or probable cut-
Hugo and M. Paul Meuriee of the Enatemena or- toms convention, on Austria's plan, to embrace all Germany
der d, in addition to the imprisonment and fine in- and the pressorgans of the two governments most anxiously
flirted upon the defendants, that the journal should abjure all purpose to impede this union, but profess a wish
to favour and promote it. Further, it is maintained that be suspended for one month. It was expected that
the suspension would commence from yesterday.
(Talc on tllancovperrtancsirillee, aihumterdevaetn-uefOris thhoeugit)thjie•ctiset*Ze
The proprietors of theEeenement, however, announce that it is agreed by the contracting parties that a duty
that it has ceased altogether, and another journal, higher than that already fired upon, 10 per cent., shall not
under the title of the Ao,neinent do People, of pre- ho imposed, this very duty is, for Restorer, on many articles
cisely the same form and size as the /Janet/lent, has a large increase of impost.
Formerly Hanover's raw iron was duty free altogether,
made its appearance. The first number contains a
it is now to pay 10 g hens, which may thus be called a
long letter from M. Victor Hugo, in which he states protective charge ; and Hanover's cotton yarn, which has
that he will give his co-operation to the new journal. been raised from 1 dol. to 3 dots., is now to be further
To-day the Presse has invaded the domain of the raised from 3 doh. to 8 doll. Cotton wares in general will
C'harirari, and its versatile editor lashes, in an in- therefore undergo, through the new treaty, a rise of from
genious fable, equally the persecution of the press 121
Lot.' the cttdnetrs" ;i:athasitllitt wares
be from
iln2l. dole. to
rtain
and the press of persecution. M. Emile de Girardin, sense, that this convention favours te protective system.
dating his article Sept. 18, 1852, traces from that ad- Within the Hanoverian territory it seems to do so, and
vanced poiut of view a retrospect of the vast change Hanover maybe thus said to have made a move towards the
which has taken place sinelection of the new protective states. Still, even so, by linking these states to
Assembly. It is no longer the republican journals, they,so by this slight, if it Is to be called, retrogression,
her
but those which attack the republic, which are visited mattya.beaacaltt
rilletti) rsth•eatdhornaughh fnaso te(
TOUT': the would
owv°eurl4
with heavy fines, imprieonmena and suppression. far from entertaining this liberal design, but rather anxious
M. Ilerrver has to plead for the rniort, and recalls, to keep the south identified with the north, that the north
e. ranmdepcmrehayipseabtlooe
fteemoterratindec
tea-
republic
way *of extenuation, the enthusiastic articles in ! may not liberal,beeohmyefetroain
which the legitimist organ hailed the advent of tho i republican,
republic in February 1848. M. Vatimesna performs I de!raya,awair at iiihne areftofprstb•dew.u.th upon i •
the same kind office for the Cnirers which foie. igtht, is linked to
gives 1 the north by this treaty, which would *appear at first to
occasion fora series of extracts from 'these journals separate the two great divisions of Germany ; for the pos.'.
wherein they bestow all kind of caresses upon the tion Prua-ia holds by it, with reference to the southern
. states, is so advantageous as to be almost a commanding one.
infant remit:ate. Finally, all the editors of the rese-
A. t the expiration of the actual convention, nvention,. she will stand
tionary press, including M. Guizot, are discovered in
the south—" Join us the cells of the Conciergerie and other prisons, where . cosypoathen uvayntage
to and
they have taken the place of the I'ruudhons and like, upon our free-trade, mot upon oury protective, py.".
Hugos.
cociPuicessai.' onT;hanut iaathtltad, apeofn Isaktheitllthei'Ple7thn'osugstah loamy demand
It will be remembered that the persons condemned
may be perhaps discerned in the
by court-martial, for being concerned in the cons pi- ' cyle:lti! wistherer and large mat Lyons, appealed to the 3lilitary Court of lac- • vocationon,
at'all, be discernaeToengt6en sTdaeyOrthe°cuat anyonreei. and to the Court of Cessation. Yesterday a trade.
RuTs.tAadagdsrbear.gwA
res... note
ted by
question arose before the Court of Cessation whether
to the coZenedseirlioplia,batirsihassp
the appeal should be heard by that court before
thete Russian . ambassador, Gortschake
the Frankfort tf, on the subject of
being decided on by the Military Court. After some
follows
re
ow-o. :
_petu Diet in 1840. It is as
discussion judgment was given to the effect that the
Court of Cessation, as the supreme tribunal of the o We, Nicholas 1., ice., to the Serene German Confedo-
country, could not entertain the ease until after it ration. It is with high satisfaction that we learn that the
l had been disposed of by the inferior court. It was federal diet instituted by the treaties of 1815. whose labours
stated that this was the first time a question of the wrere interrupted by the events of 1818, is again reassembled
a the invitation of the imperial court of Austria, acting in
kind had ever arisen in French jurisprudence. • her quality SA, president. We offer our sincere magmata-
A dispute has arisen between the government of ' lions to the Germsnie confederation, and the more especially
Tunis and the French, with regard to the F tat as the reunion of the diot established on the principles which
Germany,
and,
eo.equently,
ofan puce
eorraltpeheaicneteriAsor pfrrcoeur.of
' Frontier of Algeria. According to the latter this
Taiourov,pe. elpuiedtoiseaftoi ers t
,havee . maintenance
consecrated, is, in OW
embraces La Calle, iu the neighbourhood of which
, skives, desiring:he independence, the welfare, and the glory
the French are employing workmen to ex d„ it
the mine of Oum-Teboul. On the other hand of the confederation, we have nothing more at heart
the Tunialaca pretend that their frontier passe.: to etanvato with it the inviolable rilstosiss• et peso and

At the Bourse the Five per Cents. fell 15, closing
at 91.35, and the Threes fell 20c., and closed at 55.90.
The railway market was heavy. The Northern
and Centre fell 3.75, and most of the other lines were
also lower.