The Express.
London, England, 1848-01-12 00:00:00

UNITED STATES.-MEXICO,

The packet ship Liverpool arrived yesterday in the
Mersey, with dates from New York to the 23rd ult.
The Liverpool brings 10,0001. in specie.
The news from Mexico is of great interest. Santa
Anna having. as was before stated, issued a pro-
nunciamento—against the provisional government at
Queretaro, calling upon them to organise a force of 1
50,000 men, for the purpose of renewing the war, a
pronunciamento in his favour had been made by the
military, at Queretaro. He had left Tehuacan on the
22nd of November, and had assumed the command
of the army at Oajaca. He says that he was de-
, priced of the command by Pena fPena, in order that
the latter might find no obstacle in making peace with
the Americans. Ile avows hie determination to oppose
any negotiation for peace with the American forces oo-
copying any portion of the Mexican territory. He was
said to be at the head of a force of 16,000
men of all arms, and was threatening Congress in
session, at Queretaro, most of whose members were
inclined to peace. So great were the fears enter-
tained at Mexico by the Americans of Santa Anna's
succeeding in breaking, up Congress d la Cromwell,
that General Scott had ordered thither a strong force I
to protect their deliberations. Gen. Filizola was at
Queretaro, with a force of 2,000 men. The general-
in-chief, Bwitamente, had yet his head-quarters at
Guanajuato with an army of 9,000.
The new President, Anaya, is in favour of peace,but
his election was not popular. Many members of the
Congress, displeased with it, had given up their seats,
and retired in disgust from the city of Queretaro.
However, there remained yet more than the fixed
number which is required to form a quorum. There
was et ery chance, however, of the Congress breaking
up very shortly, without taking any decided reso-
lutions. The British ChargC, d'Affaires had arrived at
Queretaro and taken up hie temporary residence In
that city.
The dates from the Mexican capital are not positively
stated, bat they are a few days later than those
brought by the West Indian mail. The most im-
portant news from the capital is a e arrest of Gene-
rals Worth and Pillow, and Colonel Duncan, by order
of General Scott. They are charged with reflecting
in an improper manner upon the general-in-chief of
the American army. The charge is founded upon
their correspondence, which has fallen into his hands.
The train under command of Gen. Patterson left
Jalapa on the 23th of Nov. Six hundred men were
left by him to garrison that place. The ayontainiento
were made to recognise the commander of these
forces got erner, civil and military. The large train,
under the command of Gen. Butler, had ',early all left
Vera Cruz. The number of men accomplinpug it is
estimated at 8,000. Gen. Scott would soon have from
2.1,000 to :MMUS men.
Gen. Urrea was said to have been captured by the
Comanche Indians. The road was entirely opened
between Vera Crux and the city of Mexico, and small
parties could travel without danger.
The commissioners sent by Congress from Queretaro
to treat with Mr. Trig, had returned there, as we
have already stated, unsuccessful.
A train of thirty-six waggons belonging to mer-
chants in Mexico and Puebla, left the latter place on
Nov. 8, with a lot of tobacco, dry goods, and brandy,
destined for Mexico. On reaching San Martin, Gens.
Rea and Torrejon, in command of the guerilla forces
there, mado a descent upon the waggons, captured
th..:m, and 'darted off for Queretaro via Tlascala. In-
formation was conveyed to Gen. Lane, at Puebla, who
started after them with a force of infantry, and the
cavalry command of Capt. Roberts. When they
reached Tlascala, they found the enemy there, and
Capt. It., who had been sent to the rear of the town,
seeing a movement to run off the train, charged upon
the guerillas, completely routing them, killing seven-
teen, and taking thirteen officers prisoners. In the
meantime a portion of the waggons which had been
taken a mile from the town by a party of the enemy,
were set on tire and six destroyed before the infantry
came up, a ho rescued the remainder.
la the Hone. of Representatives, at Washington, on ,
the 20th, Mr. Calhoun moved that a day be fixed for
considering his resolutions, which are, as has been
stated, to the effect that the conquest and annexation
of Mexico would be hazardous to and subversive of
the republiuist institution of the states' and declaring
against the adoption of any policy which would lead
to consecucnces so disastrous. It was understood after '
• discussion that the first Tuesday in January was
agreed upon as the day for the opening of the debate
upon these resolutions. Mr. Dickinson also moved to
make his resolutions the special order for that
day two weeks, and in the course of the debate, i
after some discussion between Mr. Calhoun and Mr. (,
Dickinson, on the question of precedence, the latter
member contended for the priority of his resolutions,
and his right to discuss them before they were super- ,
seded or embarrassed by other propoeitione. Mr. Cass
said that with all respect to the opinions of Mr. Dick-
inson lie (Mr. Cass)did not see the practical importance
of his resolutions. No man in the United States was in
favour of the extinguishment of the Mexican repub-
lie ; and it would be one of the strangest proceedings
in the world for the senate to give a negative vote
upon the subject of the intentions of America to-
wards Mexico.—Mr. Calhoun was glad to think that
the extinction of Mexico was not contemplated by any
man. But a paper could scarcely be taken up in
which the proposition was not spoken of. What he
contemplated was to arrest by these resolutions a
contingency that might occur. It was said there was
not the slightest danger of war when the American
troops were marched down to the Rio Grande. What
next? The object of the war was to conquer a peace.
Now that was dropped. Now the object was a vigo-
rous prosecution of the war, and the question was,
not what was intended, but what was to come ? This
made it a practical question. The senate was now
sound upon this question, and that was the time to
I test it. Mr. Dickinson ultimately withdrew his
motion.
On the 21st a petition from Ohio setting forth that
the slave trade was carried on to a considerable extent
in the district of Columbia, and praying that the laws
of Congress may be examined, was presented.
On the question of support to the army, Mr. Vinton,
from the committee of ways and means, reported a
bill making appropriations to supply, in part, a defi-
ciency for subsistence in kind, for the army and
volunteers, for the year ending the 30th of June, 1848.
The bill appropriates a million of dollars.
Besides doings in Congress, there are other items of
interest. The following is a copy of a letter addressed
by Gen. Taylor to a distinguished member of Con-
gress, from Pennsylvania. This letter purports to be
a reply to one received from a committee of that state,
acting for a public meeting, which nominated hint for
the presidency :
HEAD OCARTERA, ARMY OF OCCUPATION, BRAZOS
ISLAND, Texas, Nov. 2.5, 1847.-1 have read the resolu-
tions adopted by the meeting with great pride and pleasure,
and I beg you to convey to the members of the meeting, on
a suitable occasion, my thanks for the distinguished honour
they have PO flatteringly bestowed upon me, and my as-
surance that 1 have no wish nr intention of changing the
I position in which I stand toward the people of the country
in relation to the presidency, or the course which 1 have felt
it my duty to pursue.—(Sigucd) Z. TAYLOR, Major. Gen.
U. S. A.
This, says the New York Herald, is distinct and
positive. General Taylor has been placed. involunta-
rily us to him, in the position of a candidate for the
presidency. The politicians in favour of the candi-
dates of the whigs or democrats, have been trying to
induce him to decline, for several months past, and
have even been threatening him, as Santa Anna did,
by pointing to the multiplicity of their forces, the
number and power of their candidates, when there
were such numerous troops of candidates on all sides
—Mr. Clay, Mr. Van Buren, Mr. Polk, and the Lord
knows how many others, in the field. General
Taylor, however, declines to surrender, with the same
promptness and bravery which he exhibited towards
Santa Anna. There is no help for them, therefore,
now ; but they must go on and fight the battle of
Buena Vista for the next Presidency. General Tay-
lor, with his five thousand friends and supporters,
independent of all parties, is now in the field against
the many thousands and thousands of opposing fao-
dons.
A correspondence has taken place between the
British Secretary for Foreign Affairs and the Ameri-
can Minister at that court, relative to the repeal of
the navigation laws of Great Britain. Mr. Bancroft
applied to Viscount Palmerston, early in November,
to learn whether ministers would consent to establish
with the United States a perfect system of reciprocity,
in making all vessels of either country, fitting out
from any port in the world, free to trade to any port
of the ot:.er nation, whether home or colonial. Vis-
count Palmerston, the lapse of some weeks, re-
plied that, altheugh her Majesty's ministers did not

feel at liberty to advise her Majesty at once to make
such a change in the commercial system as was
asked by Mr. Bancroft, without the sanction of
parliament, yet as soon as that body would meet a
measure would be introduced which would embrace
all the views put forth by Mr. Bancroft in his note.
It is not doubted that parliament will at once act
favourably on the bill. The New York Herald on
::;!, subject says :—" The importance to the United
States of sucji,;, measure cannot be exaggerated. The
British colonial system n,:..• been a most grievous re-
' striction upon our commerce, and its anui.:=O:mn, as
promised by Viscount l'almerston, will open to our
enterprising merchants the lucrative trade of the East
and West Indies, and of the other British settlements,
from which they have been hitherto debarred.
This will be the greatest stride yet taken
b 7 free trade, and it is not to be doubted that all
Europe will follow the example of Great Britain.
The liberal commercial treaty made by Hanover with
the United States has been, in no small measure, in-
strumental in disposing the British government to
this wise measure. The Rhine provinces have re-
cently imitated the example of Hanover towards the
United States ; and everywhere, silently, but steadily,
our commercial relations are being put upon the most
advantageous footing. The repeal by Great Britain
of the laws restricting the trade of the United States
with her colonies will be far more beneficial to this
country than any commercial treaty ever made by
cur government."
The American journals announce the loss of the
U. S. cutter Crawford, Capt. Gay Moore, which had
been on New London station, and which went ashore
on the east side of Gardner's Point. Boats were low-
ered immediately, after taking in sail, and kedge and
hawser run out and hauled taut, with a heavy sea
running. But the crew finding there was no chance
of relieving the vessel from her situation were
obliged, on account of the sea breaking over her so
heavily, to leave her. No lives were lost, though two
men were drawn through the surf by ropes, it being
their only chance of escaping death.

COMMERCIAL INTELLIGENCE.
New Ironic, Dee. 23.—The Hibernia is now in herl 1 lh
day, and, unlem some disanter has happened, must be near at hand.
Until she arrive', there will not be much activity in any of the
market, an no one in disposed to operate In FLOCita or anything else
until something definite in known relative to financial affaire on the
other nide. The anxiety for news is increased by the impression
generally entertained that the next account will be much more
favourable than the Lint.
etocko. heavy.. Prices fell off a fraction all round; therearanmoredis-
peeitton to tell at ruling rates. At the first board Reading fell off 4
per cent., Reading howls: 4, Long Inland 4, Canton 4, Farmer's Loan
; Treasury notes, 'l4) Wool; Harlem, 41 to 411 ; Norwich aid Wor-
cester, 374. At the second board there were very few is dm, without
any *iteration in prima. The Hibernia is now is her nineteenth day,
and unless some digaster has happened, mast be near at hand. Until
sbe an iven there will not he much activity in any of the markets, :a
no sine is dinprxed to operate in ntockg or anything clue, until some-
thing definite a, known relative ta financial affairs on the other side.
The anxiety for news ;. increased by the immersion generally enter-
tained that the next amount. will be much more (avowable than the
last. The thipments of domestic product, Rom New Or-
leans to foreign ports, in each of the pant two months, and the
aggregate to domestic port, in the name period, were to annexed ;
canon:ace OF TUE FORT or on OILLEANII—VALUE OF EXPORTS.
(let. 1817. Nov. 1847. Total.
In foreign vessels
to American vesicle 1,232,133 1,816,905 3,069,038

1,323,733 2,077,336 3,401,061
fillipawntx In coa6tirim
2,620,990
vessel for rant :nths

Total for two months 6,077,071 dole.
Thia lea very fair amount for this femme of the year, in the face of
the great reduction in prices, and the little disposition generally exhi-
bited to forward any of the palocipil staples of that section of the
country. The exporting semaso of the south usually is at its height
about the month. of December and Jailenry ; but tic
derangement of trade has teen so great from the recent revulsion in
Europe, that it he impossible to tell whit course shipment& will take
this year. We have given so many instances lately of the measures
remained to on the other lade to annul unprofitable !shipments on ac.
count of foreign hones form this side, and have shown that s /lisp°.
sitlon exists in Great Britain to take advantage of every quibble to
avoid receiving shipments ordered, to such an extent, that the utmost
caution is exe in forwarding fresh lump,. There is hardly a
shipping house at the south bat that has heretofore repeatedly been
compelled to have their shipments sold on the other side on their
own account, and suffer the lows, whatever It has been.
In the tvent of cotton arriving in Liverpool, having been
shipped upon direct orders, and the market price rules
below that current at the time the order was sent out, or below cost,
the most dithonourable quibbles about Maple and grade are resorted
to for the purpose of avoiding taking the cargo. In this way the
cage is thrown upon the hands of the shipping party on this aids,
and sold for his account-the party by whom it was ordered, and to
whom it was met, refusing to receive it at any price.
FLotit -The features of the Hour market remained un-
changed. Holden manifested very little disposition to sell in large
lots, unless at some advance from purchasers, who seemed .alro bulbs
posed to eater the market, ropeciarly for capon, until later foreign
advice, could be received. The sales of all kimb were moderate, and
on terms which did not differ materially from quotation, current yes-
terday. With the exception of mull sales of Southern, there were
no transactims reportod Once was finn, and further sales
male at Pal prices. There was no change In rye. Oats were firm at
yesterday's prices. Sales of provisions were made on terms stated
below. there we. no change of moment in groceries.
Astitgei.-The sales of both aorta amounted to about 100
Mile., at :idols. 50e. for loch and at 7 dole. for pear's.
11READSTI:Pre.-1. lour The sales footed up about 600
to 100 bids., including good pure straight brands Demme, at 6 dole.
to 6 ,LAs. and conimun in oak bbls. at t dole 121 c.; pure
Michigan at 6 dots. ; 31st extra Ohio at 7 digs. ; 200 do., a little
better than commie, at 6 dole. 311 e.: 600 ishin. Brooklyn at 6 dols.
Ole.; llou Ohio fancy at 6 don. 75c. to 6 dots. 874 c.; 3,000 do., this
State, deliveraolc In March next, 2,000 of which oommanded 8 dots.
311 c, and I,tato do. at 6 dub- 371. What-We have only to notice
a entail sale of AM bushels anathema at 1 dot, tile. Cora.-The sales
reached about 10 to 12,00 D bushels. including northeni round yellow
and white, at 83 to Ste. delivered, and high mixed at 78c., and round
northern mixed 80c. Meat reiaaineol about the same. Rye wail
steady at 85c. Oats.-A cargo was cold at 51e.
COFFEE.-Sales of 400 hags Rio damaged were made by
auction at D. to 41c. cash.
Corron.-The market continued inactive, but firm never-
theless ; holders bring indisposed to bring out 51606 except at full
prices. The sales to-day did not amount to more than 400 bales. We
quote as before.
1.1V66.00L CLwAtirleArum
New ()Mesa.,
Uplands. Florida. Mob. 10 Tex.
6771 tototo 6771
Inferior none. pone. none.
Ordinary
Middling ....
Good Middling.-- 71 to 7 to 7
Middling Fair ..„ 8 to 01 toe 0 to 8
FAX e1 S to
Fully Fair Si to al none. 8 to 9
Good Fair bi to 9 none. 9 to 94
Fine
PISOVIRIONS.-Old pork continued dull, and was quoted at
12 dubs. for mass, and at 8 dolt for mime. 1,000 bbla. old mess was
reported sold at 11 dole ltd bblis. emir prime sold at 7 dots. 50c., and
66 ditto at 8 dohs. 75c. 700 tinted Winchester new shoulders and
hams to arrive were sold at 7 dolt to 51 dole.-Lard: The sales of
"Lellands" new city, noticed yesterday, mold at 101, and not at 104.
Sales of some iota country new sold at Bc. to-day; and 300 kegs prime
sold at Sc., and 150 bbl,, sold at 61e. to die-Cheese Sales of 100
boxes fresh Herkimer were made at 7c., sal 150 ditto Oh to good sold
at 6/c. Inferior qualities were dull-gutter: Good was in steady de-
mand, while common and inferior we. in a measure unsaleable.
RTES.-Sales of 60 to 70 tierces were made at 3 dots. 124 c.
to 3 dolt 374 e. The market remained about the same.
500.514.-Sales 130 Mids. New Orleans prime were made
at 5 to 51c., and 20 damaged sold by auction at 4 to 44e. cask.
Woon.-Saks of 2GO logs Cuba mahogany were made by
auction at 64 to 45c., 22 logs cedar do. and 97 logs mahogany at
84 to 10c., on the usual time.
FItEIOIITB.-To Liverpool the rates continued at about
Id. for grain in bulk, and Is. 9d. for flour and meal, and 3.16 to Icl.
for round and square bales cotton; 355. was paid for tobacco to the
continent To Havre 1.3. per lb. seamed to be the rate. There was
nothing new to London.
ENCIIINCIE.-Little doing ; steady at 110 to 1101.
CINCINNATI, Dee. 22.-Flour was firmer, and we report
ales of 300 or 400 barrel's, part city mills, and some a little fancy I
country, 5 dolt 500. There was not much grain offering, and trans-
actions were very light Hon,. Sales of 3,000 hwul were made at
2 dots. 75c. Wheat : Salsa of 200 to SOO bushels good Ohio mold at
1 dol. lc. Provialens.-Lard Oaks of 500 packages were made on
private terms. The late freshet proved very destructive. The river
was again falling.
BALTIMOUE, Dec. 22.-Flour : The market was rather
quiet, and dealers appeared to be waiting for atearner's news. We
note sales of 500 barrels Howard-street at il dots, 25c. to 6 dolt 37c.
What: Sales of 3,000 beeline were made, including Maryland.
red, at 1 goL 30c., and family white at 1 661. 40c. Corn : Sales of
5,000 bushels were made, Including Maryland mixed and yellow, at
floe. to 64.:.
BOSTON, DEC. 22.-Flour The market was steady, and
sale. of 000 brit were made, including Genacinee, and good brands
Michigan and Oswego at 6 dole. 374 e. Corn : Sales of 6,000 bushels
were made, including western mixed, at Vic., and yellow ditto at 83e.
Oats bales of 5,000 bushela were made at 30c. to 51e. Seed : Sales
of 500 tags were modest 1 dol. 450. per bushel. There was no change
of moment in proviaions. Freights remained about the same. 11616-
neas rather dull, on account 01 the absence of the steamer, and holi-
days being et hand.