The Express.
London, England, 1848-06-24 00:00:00

THE EXPRESS, SATURDAY EVENING, JUNE 24, 1848.

perniciousness in the other. Ask the operative
what he thinks of his remuneration and his
prospects, the manufacturer his opinion of
the wisdom of parliament in either administration
or flseality—ask the capitalist what he thinks of cur-1
rency and credit —ask the peasant his opinion of th,
poor-law in general, and of his landlord in particular.
Ask the enlightened politician, who has raised his
view to contemplate the position and prospects of
England with reference to foreign countries,
whether he thinks our power and stability under the
present system of management on the increase or
on the wane? Re-peruse the account which Mr.
STAFFORD gave the other day of all that parliament
has done in its present session—a result unworthy
of the intelligence and activity of ten men of average
ability in one week—and then go prattle about the
wisdom of parliament.
We must say, that the views which we take of the
cogency of reform are not precisely those of Mr.
HUME. That gentleman recommended his series of
measures as maiuly called for to secure the peace and
appease the discontent in the country. Most true they
are so ; but such arguments will have no weight with
ruling powers, unless the danger so threatened be im-
minent ; for the upper classes, while dominant, count
upon the immense interest which the middle class
have in peace and order, to make use of them as
gensdarmes and special constables against the mob.
With us the chief argument for reform is not so
much the maintenance of public order—which is ever
able to maintain itself, if there be good government—
as the incapacity of parliament, as at present con-
stituted, to deal with any great political question, or
apply a remedy to any great social ill. We see the
present ministry universally stigmatised as incapable,
as vaci:lating, as shrinking from the vital questions of
the day, and merely paltering with the secondary ones
to no satisfactory result. But the chief fault of this
is not in our opinion the fault of ministers, but of the
system ; for we defy any minister to bring forward
a rational and wise and bald measure of either fiscal
reform, or of an Irish settlement, or of colonial rule,
or of education, or currency, or of any one
of the great and pressing questions which,
because of their b?ing not settled, do re-
peatedly unsettle government and everything else.
Aristocratic interest is too strongly entrenched in the
House of Commons, and then over and over entrenched
in the House of Lords, to permit of any politician
speaking even his mind on the question.
Lord JOIN Russet!. indeed denies that anv in-
terest is predominant ; and he instances the reform of
1832, and the repeal of the corn law. Wo fully ad
mit that the people of England have the power of
carrying any vet), great question, after a few
years agitation, after an immense expenditure of
time and z al, and with efforts which go
to convulse the state, and strain the entire
machinery of government. Such efforts as these
lead to results and manifestations, which intimi-
date the dominant aristocracy, which thus bows
befo e the storm, and flings forth concession of the
question, just as the Sultan or the Shah flings forth
the head of an obnoxious minister to a dangerous
mob. But is this the normal working of the coned-
tution ? Are we not to make the slightest advance,
but with efforts which disturb the peace and shake
the throne of these kingdoms ? Are we reduced to imi-
tate the clumsy and destructive mode of continental
revolutionists in order to arrive at measures that
the great body of sensible citizens deem indispensable?
All sides of the house admit the wisdom and the salu-
tary effects on the peace of the country of the reform
of 1832. Would it have passed so peaceably and so
well, had Lot Earl GREY come forward and enacted
the lightning rod, which removed the fearful mass of
electric matter, menacing explosion? Sir Roemer
PEEL acted the same part by corn law agitation. But
are we always sure of a great and eminent man to
risk himself and his reputation fur the safety of the
country, in such stormy times? If France was a
despotism tempered by song and epigram, England
is an aristocracy tempered by moral insurrection and
by accident. But, as in the case of the Reform
11111,
the moral insurrections go within an inch of the phy-
sical outburst; and who cart count on those happy
accidents which have hitherto prevented a more than
wordy outburst of popular feeling ?
The Times, however, assures us that there is no
each thing as at istocracy or aristocratic predominance
in England : want of birth need not prevent any
man going to the bar and working his way to the wool-
sack, and we see, in two or three generations, the
PeeLs and the WALPOLE; can rise- to be prime
ministers. We reply, that such happy exceptions
have occurred just as much under despotic as consti-
tutional systems. Nlen grow to bo viziers in the
East by beginning as pages and pathies of the
Sultan. Here parvenus become peers by being
adopted into the caste of hereditary augurs. But this
is not the man of the people rising to eminence; it is
the child of the people stolen from its parent and
swathed in ermine, in order that it may utterly forget
and belie its origin.
We must own we had hoped better from the first
Reform Bill, and if the carriers of that measure
had worked it better, and developed its form and spirit
instead of putting it in a strait waistcoat and
Chinese shoes, we do not know but that much of the
present discontent and distress might have been
obviated. But the plain fact is, that the whigs have
been ten ernes more aristocratic since carrying the
Reform Bill, than they were before.
The whole policy since seems to have been, not to
bring the House of Lords in unison with what that
bill intended the Commons to be, but to beg pardon
of the Lords for that bill, and to bring the Commons
into harmony with tho spirit and principle of the
Lords before that bill. Unfortunately for the whigs,
they left to Sir Romer PEEL the carrying out of
some of the most important corollaries of the Reform
Bill, and of not the least important corollary—the
moving of the machine of government by other than
aristocratic hands.
The Times asserts that there is no aristocracy in
England. We beg of the Times to attend any minis-
terial dinner or assemble, and then—circuit's/tire. We
beg it to regard any measure presented to the House,
or managed in it ; we beg it to attend an election com-
mittee; we beg it to look into the Red Book, or the
Black Bonk, or if it requires lighter reading, to open
that novel in which Nlr...Dietta ELI proves the English
to be a repetition of the Venetian aristocracy. We
will not deizn it other refutation.
Lord Jolla ResseLL also sends forth his chal-
lenge, and asks, 't Shall the name of HOWARD and
that of STANLEY not be passports to office ?" We are
compelled to answer that the head of the house of
HOWARD propounded his opinion some time since as
to the best mode of feeding the poor : and his wisdom
was concentrated in a pinch of curry powder.
Another eminent scion of that house has managed the
Health of Towns Bill. Mr. Enwis CHADWICK'
would have provided sastenancs for the poor and
clauses for the Sanitary Bill at half the price and
ten times the wisdom of these noble legislators.
And we are twitted, too, with the wisdom of STAN-
LEY! The lord of that ilk has more especially devoted
his cares to the West Indies and to Ireland. The two
countries and the questions attached to them, are eer-
Minly striking examples of the wisdom of the house
of STANLEY ! We should recommend Lord JOHN
RUSSELL to make no more of these challenges ; for
they are calculated to draw down terrible answers.
at!

To us, the moot remarkable feature of the debate
on the minisetrial measure to prolong the term of
protection for sugar, is the utter avoidance of the
consideration, what effect it is likely to have upon the
population of Great Britain. We do not say that the
inhabitants of the mother country ought to be more
cared for by the legislature than the inhabitants of
any of the colonies, but certainly they are entitled to
be as mach cared for.
In 1847 the average rice of British muscovado
sugar in bond was 28s. per cwt; of common yellow
Havana, 255. 10s. The duty on British muscovado
sugar that year was 14s. per cat.; the duty on com-
mon yellow Havana 21s. during the first half of the
year, and 20s. during the second—say 20s. 6d. on an
average for the year. The retailer paid tor his un-
refined sugar (price and duty taken together)
425. 6d. per cwt. for the British and 465. 4d. for the
foreign. At these rates there were consumed during
the year 4,905,489 cwts. of British and 974,019 cwts.
of foreign; in all, 5,879,508 cwts.
The fact that nearly five-sixths of the sugar con-
sumed in 1847 was British shows that it was the
large supply and low price of that kind of sugar
which occasioned the large consumption of that year
—a consumption exceeding that of 1846 by rather
more than half a million of hundred weights, and that
of 1845 by nearly a million. The price of sugar in '
the English market was regulated by the price of
British sugars. 11 the ministerial measure for the

relief of the West Indies pass in.o a law the duty on
British muscovado sugar in 1849 will be 13a. per
cwt., while the corresponding qualities of foreign
sugar will be arranged under two classes,
one paying a duty of 203. per cwt. and the
other of 183. 6d. But it is already well known
that the supply of British sugar in 1848.9 will fall
far short of the simply in 1847. If M 1849, there-
fore, the price of British sugar continues to rule the
market, the price will be materially raised, notwith-
standing the reduction if le. per cwt. on the duty,
and the consumption will be diminished in propor-
tion. Or if the consumption continue as great as in
1847 the deficiency in the supply of British sugar
must be made up by foreign sugar paying the high
duty, and this high timid sugar will rule the prices
in the English market, raising them still higher. In
1847 the average differential duty of Gs. 61 per cwt.
formed no perceptible ingredient of the pike paid by
the consumer for his sugar; in 1849 the average diffe. '
rential duty of 68.31. will constitute a considerable pat t
of :he price unless consumption is diminished. One of
two results mist inevitably flow from the passing of
the ministerial measure; either Englishmen must
stint their consumption of sugar in 1849, or pay more
for it.

---
But the disadvantages to which Englishmen will
be subjected by the passing of the measui e will not stop
here. Ministers announced at the commencement of
the session that the ordinary revenue of 1648-9 would
be inadequate to meet the expenditure of the year.
To supply the deficiency they asked for an increase of
the income tax and were refused. They have not
since that time adopted any measure to diminish the
expenditure or increase the revenue of the year. And
in the face of their financial difficulties they propcsc
to reduce the duty on that class of sugars which has
for the last three years constituted five-sixths of the
year's consumption by ls. per cwt. tinder existing cir-
cumstances this reduction of duty cannot lead to an
increase of consumption, and must therefore
occasion a diminution of the revenue. It is further a
part of the ministerial plan to reduce the duty on
rum sd. a gallon : this will occasion a further dimi-
nution of the revenue. And the whole falling off in
the public income thus occasioned must be made good
by the public at large, in the shape either of new taxes
or increased debt.
In so far as the population of the mother country
is concerned, therefore, the effect of the ministerial
measure is unmitigated evil : an abridgment of their
power to indulge in the wholesome and innocent
luxury of sugar, or an increase in the price they pay
for that indulgence ; and an increase of their taxes,
whether they stint themselves or consent to pay more
for the article.
And, on the other hand, the West Indians can gain
nothing by the measure. Their power of supplying
the demand for sugar in this country is limited. It
rising prices check consumption, they may lose by
selling leas. If rising priers do not cheek consump-
tion, the benefit will accrue to the foreign sugar grow-
ers, whose litigant the short supply from the English
colonies and depender cies will bring into the market,
notwithstanding the differential duty. Ministers have
earned the unenviable distinction of having pro-
pounded, under the name of a measure of relief for the
West India colonies, a scheme which, while it can-
not by any possibility benefit them, may chance to
be of some service to their dreaded competitors in Cuba
and Brazil, and is certain seriously to inconvenience
the population (particularly the poorer classes), of
this country.

GERMANY.

The following letter from our correspondent at
Cologne gives full details of intelligence from the
German States generally :
COLOGNE, Jame 22.
The following is the list of the newly. organised ministry :
—President of the Council (without portfolio), Herr Camo-
hausen ; Public Worship and Instruction, Herr Auerswald ;
Interior, Riedbertus ; Foreign, Baron Voa Schleinitz ;
Justice, Herr Bornemann ; War, BarenVen Schreckenstein ;
Deputy Minister of Commerce, flaronVon Petow ; Finaece,
liansemann. The new Minister of Foriign Affeira is, or
rather was, the Prussian minister plenipotentiary at the
court of lianov.r. The discussion of the address (forwarded
yesterday) in reply to the King's speech, has commenced in
the Prussian constituent assembly. Amongst the members
of the committee appointed to report on the dealt of the con-
stitution is Mr. Phillips, a gentleman of English birth, but a
naturalised German. lie is the deputy for Elbing.
It appears that M. Arago, the French minister at the
court of Berlin, has really in his possession an energetic note
addressed to the Prussian government by the executive of
the French republic respecting Posen, but that lie had not
presented it up to the 18th inst., being probably desirous of
ascertaining beforehand the sentiments of the committee ap-
pointed to prepare a reply to the royal speech. The para-
graph in the draft of the reply must tee a satisfactory one for
the French envoy, for it sets forth t hat the re-organisation of
that grand duchy is an "act of justice," and expresses the
wish that upon it may be bised " the re-establishment of the
national independence (die Wiederherstellung der stationa-
len, Selbststundigkei• ) of a long oppressed people." It is
not likely that these sentiments will be disowned by the
assembly itsel
Apropos of Posen, I find by several accounts up to the
17th, that the works of the fortress of that town are still
carried on with the greatest activity. It is even asserted that
it will be pros sioned for six months. Meantime the Jewish
and German inhabitants begin to express the fear that the
entire duchy will be reorgsnised:in a national, that is Polish,
point of view, and, consequently, that the entire territory will
b, coded to the Poles.
It is stated in the Cologne Gazette of this day, on the an
thority of a h tter from a esuntees in Warsaw, that the Em-
peror of Russia has resolved to grant a full amnesty to all
the Polish prisoners in the citadel of that place, and, more-
over, to allow all the Polish exiles in Siberia to return to
their country. It is stated also in the above journal that the
Russian officers fully expect a war with Germany. The
Prussian fortress at Neisse has been placed is a state of
defense.
We have accounts here from the duchy of Saxe Alten-
burg, up to the 19th. The capital at that date was in a
complete state of insurrection, not leas than sixteen barricades
being erected in it. The disturbances broke-out in conse-
quence of the government having taken meeiures to arrest
three popular members of the diet, on the charge of exciting I
sliscontent. The palace of the duke was filled with soldiers,
but, up to the latest accounts, no collision ha,l taken place.
The duke has refused to accede to the popular demands ;
amongst which were the immediate dismissal of the ministry;
the appointment of a liberal one, including Von Crutziger,
Von Braun and Pierer ; the dismissal of the troop, a com-
plete amnesty, and the opening of the diet on the 21st inst.
8,000 peasants bad arrived on the night of the 18th, in order
to assist the townspeople. Should the duke continue obsti-
nate, a sanguinary struggle may be expected.
Tarte members of the democratical club of Berlin have
been arrested on the charge of having excited the people to
the pillage of the arsenal on the 14th.
On the 20th, the constituent assembly at Frankfort de-
clared unanimously that the blockade of Trieste, cr of any
other German port, was tantamount to a declaration of war
against Germany. Baron Von Gagern, president of the as-
sembly, has been replaced, as president of the council of
ministers of Hesse Darmstadt, by Heir Zimmermann.
Official accounts from Vienna up to the 17th, state that
the Emperor of Austria is ill; that he caenot bar the
fatigue of a journey to his capital, and that he has deputed
the heir to the imperial throne (the Archduke Francis
Charles) to proceed thither in order to open the diet
Dresden letters of the 19th state that the insurgents of
Prague had capitulated, and had delivered up thirteen of the
chiefs of the Czech party as hostages. Other accounts, how-
ever, are of a contradictory nature. Prince Windischgreete
his resigned his post and been replaced by Count Mensdorff.
The Duke of Aueustenburg (Schleswig-Holstein) has re-
nounced for himself sad heirs all claims to the throne of
De nroark. He is now living retired at Nieuatadten on the
Elbe. The Prussians are making active preparations for
resuming hostilities. 14,000 Servians have penetrated into
Hui gary Proper. It appears that au Englishman has been
arrested in Pesth on tae chargs of having penetrated into
the palace of the Prince Palatine and presented a pistol at
him.
Letters from Innspruck safthat the Baron of '
Croatia Jellachich, had arrived there. The Tyrolese
gave him a torchlight concert. The Wiener Zeitung
says : " When the Ban'e departure from Agrom to
Innspruck was announced, deputations from all the'
committees of Croatia and Slavonia arrived there, and
the Ban, who was in the act of setting out, was not
able to prevent above 200 deputies from accompany-
ing him to Innspruck. Perfect quiet prevails in
Croatia,and every eye is now turned upon Innspruck.
Should the Ban resign his office into the hands of the
Emperor, which he is firmly resolved to do, in the
event of his being obliged to submit to the Magyar
Minister, a civil war between Croatia and Hungary
is inevitable. This, however, is not to be appre-
hended. At the recent opening of the Croatian,
Diet, the Ban had guaranteed to Ulyria the mainte-
nance of its rights, and the Illyrian deputation pro-
on the 9th of June that a separation from
pro-
poesy
'Hungary should be so constituted that Croatia, by the
maintenance of its integrity in the Austrian state,
should have its special council of administration
(Derzavnivec), but that in respect to war finance
and commerce it should be subject to the Austrian
ministry.
An express passing through Vienna on the way to
Innsprnek brought intelligence that a Russian spy
had been seized in Transylvania; that it had been
elicited from him that there are already. 60,000 Rus-
sian troops on the borders of Moldavia, which are
ready to march in at any moment i sad that farther

Russian emisvaries had been sent to Bennet, to Semis,
and the environs, for the purpose of inciting certain
peeks to prepare for an insurrection, which was to
take place at the moment the Russians crossed the
Moldavian boundary.

UNITED STATES- MEXICO.

The United States, steamer, which left New York
on June the 10th, arrived at Cowes yesterday at
10 30 a.m., having come in the short space of 12;
days. After landing her mails and passengers she
immediately left for Havre.
The United States took away from New York
500,000 dole. in specie. The Acadia had arrived out on
the morning of the 10th. The news is interesting.
Gen. Taylor had been nominated candidate for the pre-
sidency at the whig convention of Philadelphia by •
great majority. Millard Fillmore was chosen vice-
president on the same occasion. At meetings held in
N'ew York on the 9th—one in favour of the candi-
dateship of Gen. Cass, and the other in favour of Gen.
Tai for—both were very enthusiastic, so much so, ir.-
deed, was the latter, that a riot ensued between the
partisans of Taylor ar.d Clay, which was only put an
end to by the badness of the weather, copious showers
drenching the disputants.
The news from Mexico, ap to the 27th of May, is
equally interesting, as it brings the ratification of tfe
treaty of peace by the senate at Queretaro on the
26th, the votes having been 23 for and 5 against it.
Peace is thus happily concluded.
Gen. Kearney was to succeed Gen. Smith in the
command of the ci y of Mexico, while the latter su-
perintended the embarkation of the troops at Vera
Cruz. Commissioners Servier and Clifford arrived at
Queretaro on the 23rd. An exchange of ratifications
took place, and the outposts of the army were all or-
dered to be on the march in ten days. All under sen-
tence of death were banished. The Mexicans art
under great fear of the Indians alter the army leaves.
The accounts from Yucatan are as disastrous as
ever, the Indians carrying all before them.
In congress nothing of interest had occurred, in
consequence of the whig convention being held at
Philadelphia.

COMMF.RCI AL INTELLIGENCE.
NEW-YORK, SATUREAY JuNE 10.--Ash Es.-Pot ashes
have again advanced in price since our loot review of the market.
with an active demand for export. The saes of the week embrace
about 100 casks at 4) to 41 ante, chiefly at the latter price. Pearls
are in demand at 51 cents-the Ada of which have been restricted to
a few malt puce* owing to the unwillingness of holders to sell.
The marker closes firm fur all dacriptions.
C.,reov.-The market continues quiet, but without any change at
moment in price. The sake of the a ivk amount to 5,4:10 bales, viz.:
Upland Sr Florida. Mob., 3N. O.
3,000 bales. 2,460 bales.
• Interior
Ordinary to good ordinary 3l to Sf .-..-.. SI to 5
Middling to cool middling
Middiinu fair. • lair ltt .4) 7
Fully taw co good fair 7l to 7i
Fine nominal
market fur the week poet Ira been firm, with an up-
ward tendency, and our quotations snow an advance of 21e. to
per barrel. Party in the week sales were made 5 d 2,1 e. to
S dole. 374 e. for the lower gralia. and at the Moe yesterday it was
difticult to find anything at lea than 5 dole. 75c. The alto have been
6,000 to 7,000 bble. per day, ranging from 5 dole. 2.5 c. to 5 dol.. 75c.
for common brands of Oswego, Michigan, and Ohio, S dole. 75e. to
5 dole. 87e. for atraight brana, 5 do's. 73e. to 5 dole. 87 .e. for round,
hooped Ohio, and 6 dole. to 6 dole. 121 e, for pure Genesee; 800 into.
fine we etern brought 5 dole. 50c.; southern is not plenty, and is beta
with email saleaof Georgetown and Baltimore G dole. to 6 doh, 12,c.
Bye flour is peace, and cells at 3 dole. 6210. to 3 dole. 75e. Jersey
own meal is held at 2 dole. 561 e, with ales of WO bb: e. and 200 bib.
Bate 2 doh'. 4 if e.
GRAIN.-The sales of wh• at thin week have been large, the Increase
of supplies coming more anxiety to realise, prices have declined a
little, and the city millers hare taken more freely. At the close yes-
terday the market was more firm, owing in • mcoure to the anyance
on flour. The ales since our last probably amount to 50.000 boaele,
2,000 bushels of which was tieneseee, at 140 e. ; 2,000 Wavle Can,
dioxin bond, 115 c.; and the balance, Chicago, 105 e. to lOtic.;
con-in, 112 x.; Illinois, via New Orleans, 11Ge.; Milwaukle, 109 e. to
11 the. • Ohio, mixed, 168 c. to 120 c.; white, 123 e. to 125 e. Masher:
declined with large supplies; sales at 42e. to 4310 for river and canal;
39 to 40e for Jersey ; 1,700 bushels Western, ea New Orleane, brought
41c. 1,200 bushels barley wee sold yesterday at 70c. ; and
bushels barley malt, 871 e. then is in good demand for the
fta.t and for export ; the sales this week have been probably over
100,04 bodied', a good portion of which leas for ithipment. Jersey
and North River yellow being in the best demand have been selling
at 59 to GOe. ; 53c. to See. fur (Anthem yellow; 58e. to 59c. for
Pennsylvania yellow ; and 56e. to 51c. foe New Orleans • 53e. to 5 lc.
for Western mined, with name gala early in the week' at 50e. to 52e.
The market cloned firm at 590. to 60e. for Jersey yellow ; 51e. to s+a.
I for Western.
lenv.-Sales of Scotch pig have been made at 71 dols. cask, and
23 dole. to 26 dole. on time. English bars have been sold a:
47 dole. 50e. G months.
LEAD.-10) pia have been sold at 3 dole. 80e. cook, which is an ad-
vance on pavuois ales, which were to the extent of 3,000 pigs, at
3 d 015.7 cash. ales have been made of 2,3110 pigs, to arrive, at
3 dole. 75e. cub..
Peovituose.-Beef is very firm and men has advanced nbont 25e.
per barrel. Wequote mesa at df dole. to 91 teas., and some extra
an
oh
is ago mold at 9) dole. ; prime firm at 5 doe. 6dole.
Pork also firm, with upwardremains tendency for mess,l to
which to held
at lin dot.; prime hi steady at fl doh. lard to in demand at pine
price% say 61 to 7)c. for brie. and kegs. Bolter ban been in good sup-
ply at 15 to 17 for new yellow. Cheraw by arrived freely, and prices
are rather lower; new is selling at 51 to 71 as in quality. smoked
hams are 171 good demand at S
to Se. for western and city, according
to tire manner of ewe; do. shoulder., 4to 4). Pickled hams are
rather dull of sale, unless sugar cured, leach are not plenty ; the
acting rules are sto re ; eheuldere, 31 to 3).
TALLOW.-Tallow is in loan demand. We notice sales at Be. to Slc.
per lb.
TORACCII.-We do not hear of any sales of importance in Kentucky
or Virginia leaf this week. In foreign we notice a fair inquiry. 150
toles Havanna were sold at from 14e. tosoc. ; 200 ditto Vara, at
180. to 350. ; put of both lots of inferior quality. 650 bales Cu*
consisting of St. Jugo, Gotha and Baysmo, at from 10e. to 18c. By
auction, .0 hhthi. Kentucky and Maysville, at from 3c. to 8/e., 4 mos.
Feelow..-There la more freight offering for Europe, and rata
have undergone a Blight improvement.
To Livrepoot---Corroz, lb, 5-32 A 3-16 d. ; Reef, per tie, 38. 6.1.;
Beefand Pork, per barrel, 2a. 61. ; Turpentine, north county, Is. Gd.
to 2e.; Heavy goods.goods.per ton, 20A; Grain, sd. to Ed.
TO Lostae.-Tobacco. per bhd. -v. to -a. ; Flour, per barrel,-;
Turpentine, 2a; Spirits of Turpentine, 232 gall , 235.; Mewana
meat goods, ton, 300. ; Heavy goode, 25a. ; Beef, (301 to 336 lbs.,
4s. 3d. to 4e. lid.; Beef and Pork per barrel, M. 3d. to 23.6 d.
MONET MARKET.-The tidings Of pea, now nnqueation.
able, were received with universal gratification teLday • yet they had
little or uo area upon the price of Mock*. There bad been a provious
rise, in anticipation of the cererin intelligence ; and, moreover, the
near approach or the period (7th inst.) when the additional 16,000,000
of treasury notes or stock are to be throws upon the market, Jodn
posee priple to deal largely, at existing securities at a premium-
higher, certainly, we apprehend, than will be bid for the new stock.
Exchange on Europe is dull. Later intelligence may be looked for to-
morrow by the Acadia, which willtliv.a.l7lue here, with a week's
later drips Markets are not active

DOllliarn: r........•va0.
Boston .„.,.. . a dia. Mobile (bank note,).. 2 a2l din.
Philadelphia — a ~ Mobile ;+p. checks)... nominal
Baltimore 4• „ Near Orleans
Richmond (bah) I a „ North Carolina
Richmond Ake.):. 1 • " North
Charlenoa ....... —. la ~ Louisville —. 14 a 3 „
Savannah lall „ Naidollie .. .. —.„.. $a 4
Augusta
Columba. 24 a -
„ Detr
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FORUM. r........m Anus..
1101 a 111
Exelaanr,e on Landon
Do. Paris nominal 3.a0 a
Do. AMAffeaM do. 41 a 42
Do. Hamburg do. 38i aL+
Do. Bremen tip. 81 aB2

ebt Court.

At the Queen's Drawing-room, on Thursday, in St.
James's Palace, Count Danneskiold Samsoe was presentel to
the Queen and Prince Albert, in the Foreign Diplomatic
Circle, by Count de Reventlow, the Danish Minister; and
the Marquis Emmanuel d'Azeglio, Councillor to the Sar
dinian L Ration in London, was pres nted to her Maji sty
and Prince Albert, by the Count de Revel, the Sardinian

(From last night's Gazette.)
WHITEHALL, JUNE 22.—The Queen hen directed
letters patent to be passed, granting to Sir T. Le Breton,
gat., the office of Bailiff of the island of Jersey, in the room
of Sir J. De Veul:e, deceased.
WAR-OFFICE, Joel 23.
6th Drag.—Lieut. A. Lowther, to be adj., vice Maycock, who redgns
the adjutaneLrit.
13th Lt. .—Brev..Col. Sir C. Mere, Maclean, bard., from.
h..p. unatt., to lieut.-col., vice J. Lammas" whs exch. ; Mai
W. Knox, to be Ileut—col., by pur., vice sir C. F. Maclean, who re t.,
Capt. C. E. Doherty. to be maj., by pot., vice Knee; Lieut. R. 11.
Rorrowee, to be capt., by par., vice ficherty ; Cur. C. W. B. D. Gard-
ner, to he lieut., by pur., vice Borrows; A. Wasaingbard, gent-, Job,
cm., by par., vice Gardner.
Coldstream Bert. of Foot Gds.—Lieut. and Capt. S. Perceval, to be
emit and lieut..col., by pur.. vice Vaneittart, who rel.; En, and
!Awn. H. Joliffe, to be lieut. and capL, by pur., vioe PereCial; En .
P. IL Crawley, from the 74th F., to be ens. and held., by pur..
Jolitfe.
12th Regt. of F.—Lieut. G. C. Bieshopp, to be capL, by pur., vice
Maroon, who ret.; Kern. E. Herrick, to be limit., by par., vice Bine-
hopp ; T. W. Goodrich, gent., to be ens., by pur., vice Herrick.
19th F.—Gentleman Cadet 0. A. Grimaton, from the BL Mil. Coll.,
to be ens., without pur., rice Burns, Prom An fro
62na
21at F.—Copt. L. C. Irwin, from the Cope Mounted Riflemen, to he
rapt, vice Fewer, who exch.
95th F.—Major G. Browne, from the 44th F., to be major, vice
Monte. who exch. ; Capt. W. U. Sitwell, fro unatL, to be capt.,
vice Bev—Major J. R. Heyland, who ret. upon receiving the
difference ; Lieut. R. I. Moe, to be pur,aby pox., vice Sitwell, who
ret.; Ens. 8. F. Birth, to he by p. vice Price ; IL L.Cniater.
gent., to be sew, by pur., vice Birth, who ret.
39th P.—Ens. J. Agnew, to be beat., by par., vice Smith, who Yet:
B. Harrison, gent., to be ens., by pur., vice Agnew ; L. B. North-
cote, gent., to be ens., by par., vice Havelock, prom. in 86th F.
11th Y.—Major J. H. 0. Moore, from 33th F., to be major, vice
Browne, who ezohangen
62nd F.—Em. H. Berm, froca 19th F., tobe lieut., without par.,
vice N. H. Flood, omhiered by the sentence of a Geoeral Court.
martial

Tiih P.—Lieut. A. E. Mulloy, from 89th Y., to be lieut., sloe WU.
ams, who es
87th F.—Lieuebfr H. Taylor to be amt., by par., Mee J. earl
rho rats.; gee. Lieut. W. Murphy to Ye first lieut., by pur., nee
• 7. Lucas, gent., to be see. lieut., by pur., vice Murphy.
89th Y.—Lieut. T. li. Williams, from the 74th Y., to be lieut., ll*

MuSoy, who exchanges.
thudol Y.—Capt. 0. Cromwell, from Vii.at., to be capX. pt
ifference, vim Caldvrell, prom.; J. 0. Hay to be rapt., by
pur., vice Creswell, who res.; Eau 0. W. H. Roos tole lieut., by
far, vise flay ; W. Miller, gent., to be ens., by put., vice Rom.
let West India Regt—Lieut. N. Craig, to be ;apt.. without pur.,
vice Loma, dec. • Lieut. R. Hughes, to be capt., without put., Aar
Craig, whoa, pranotion, on Gth April, 1949, has been cancelled • Ens.
W. N. Watts, to be lieut., without pur., vice Craig ; Eau. J. Vanning,
to be Beat., without put., sloe Watts, whore promotion, on the 6th
April, 1946, has been cane, • Ens. R. B. Barrett, to be heat., withal.
par., lift Fanning, wafts Promotion, on the 9th April, ISE., has been
Cane.; A. W. Castray, gent., to be cam., Tice Barreo.
Oise Mounted Ridemen.—Capt. I). Fraser, Iron the llvt F., tots
Cat, lice Irwin, who exchanges.
Rawer.—Capt. W. 11. Sites aof the eeth V, to be maids in the
army i Cot O. Creeereite of the Bfad I', to be oace la the *rap

The undermentioned owlets, of the Hon. the Pao India 08cogenril
Semite, to bare the local and temporary rank of Ensign, during the
of their being placed tinier the command ot Lieut-Col. Sir
period of
of the Royal Engineers. at Chatham, f..r eeld to.
struction In the art of Sapping and Mining E. C. S. Winansa, rent;
P. /Wield, gent.; A. BUITIOIIS gent.; T. Gillffr gent.; H. E.
Stainforth, gent.; J. Goddard, gent.
Ilotirtem. Sr. AM.—Aasist Surg. W. Barrett, from the 77th F., to be
Assist. Burg. to the Foram vice Matthew, demised.
Meanie in the Casettes of 23rd May, 1810, and Ind June, 1818.-
57th Rage. of Foot —For Ensign J. Roomed to be lieut rico Ana-
-1 among, app. Adj. 23rd May. reed Elm J. llaward to be heat., rice
Cruiser, prom., lath May, ISIS. For Ena. J. IL Lotbim to be lieut.,
Mee Cmker, prom, 18th May, 1848, resit Eon. J. 11. Lothian to he
neut.., vice Armstrong,
DM
app.
IRALT ad
Y, MAT 97.
j. 23rd May, 1648.
A
Corps of Royal Ma/Men—Mc. Lieut. P. llarriv, to be first lieut.,
vice Pleyde,l, prom.; See- Lieut. W. J. Muni, to be first lieut., vice
Lowder, prom. ; gee. Lieut J. IL Parry, to be first lieut.; flee. Lieut.
K. K. w,lson,to be film tout ; Sec. Lieut. EL IL Coo, to be Int neut.;
Sec. Lieut. E. B. Snow, to be first lieut.; See. Lieut J. Taylor, to be
first lieut.; See. lieut. J. B. Bulcher, to be eminent.; See. Lieut. J. G.
Tinsman, to be Snot lieut; See. Lieut. A. C. Reek, to be drat
lieut ; See. Lieutenant J. Grieve, to be th,t lieutenant;
Sec.. Lieut E. H. Starr to be fire-lieut.; Rec.-Lieut. E J. R. Connolly
to be first-lieut.; Sec.-Lieut. E. IL Horsey to be first-heut ; Sec..
lieut A. Ellis to be erst.limit.; Mee.-Lieut. G. Bmaigette to be emi-
nent.; Bea-Lieut E. 0. MPLUIIum to be first-Brut ; Sec -Lieut. IL T.
Angell to be first.Ueut ; liee.-Lieut.
,11, w
12. riford to be first-Lieut.
ADMIRALTY Jess
Corm of Royal Merino—See.-LieuL J. Poore to be fireLlicut, vice
Polkinghorne, deceased.

The following resolution was passed at a meeting
of the committee of memb. rs of parliament for promoting
the new relirra movement :—" That Lur thanks be given to
Sir Joshua Walmoley for his efficient services, and tba: he
be entreated to continue to fill the sgire of honorary secretary
to this body." This resolution was required to enable the
committee to retain Sir Jeshuv's ',Tien, as by its original
consti=u, ion all who Cr., not members of parliament are
excluded.
COM I'ARATIVE STATEMENT OF TIIEDUTIES CII 4110 ED
oN Burnett MALT SPIRITS, AND THE PROPOSED RATES OP
I DUTY ON COLONIAL Settirre.-1 he following statement,
with ref Tens to Lord J Rouen's proposal to reduce the
cliff:feudal duty on rum as sgsinst British spirits, hit been
put in circulation
England. Seoll.md. Ireland.
The Chairmon of the Board of Ezciret a. d. a. ti a. d.
proved, in his evidence b (nee the
committee on sugar and coffee pinn-
ing. that the whole duties kvkd on
British malt opirit., on the newly
mule article, is
Propmed duties ma colonist to
chargfd on the quantity sacred
fur consumption 8 2 4 0 3 0

I ut 0 1 I 01

The advantage to the octants' producer
from the duties being charged on the
quantity taken out of ICU amuse,
vtead Of the imported quantity, eal-
rutted at the proposed rotes of
duty, and Gn the actual deficieneics
as shoala by the Customs return fur
year cn..iing Stb hu311.3.7, 1540, is ..• OSi on 011

Difference. in favour of colonial
spirit., is
This eefferential c.uty in favour of colonial spirits over
British malt spirits is, in England, a quit] to about 60 per
cent, on the value of matt epiries ex cuty ; 50 per cent. in
Inl and ; and 30 per cent. in Sco.la, d, indep, ndeut of any
equivalent for the excise restrictioss under which the British
distilices labour.
Tun BlaTlOn 0V MateCIIENIT.It presided at Bruce
Castle yesterday, for the purpose of distributing prizes to
those pupils in that establishment ono had earned them by
their proficiency and good conduct during the past session.
There was a 1-urge audience. Mr. Arthur 1141, tie principal,
having commenced the proceedings by explaiuing the pan-
ciples on which the school is conducted. the Bishop of Man-
cheater said it was gratifying to know that the sub-
ject of education had now become one not mart]
y
of theoretical interest, but of action, throughout this
country. The results were visinly beneficial to all claws.
Ills lordship, in remarking ou the explanations of Mr. fill,
expressed his dissent from the modern sjetem of nit making
langusgs a the basis of education, the main object of which
is to instil truth and knowledge into the mind. To
do this elf, etuelly the same truths must oftea be
tepeat.d in various forms, and no means are so
effectual to this end as those presented by ancient
and modern foreign languages. It is true that this
principle is sometimes pushed too he, and diffieulties are
placed in the way of the student which repel him. Truths
'lave not only to be fixed in the mind, but the pupil is to be
made to feel their reality—that they are something more
than speculations—that they are facts—by a knowledge
of which he is made better, stronger, fi.to r for
the duties and enjoyments of after life. liis lord-
ship approved the system pursued at Bruce Castle, of dividing
the pupils in " circles.' of ten each tything beiug placed
under one of the more advanced of their sen °bellows, who
is made responsible for the conduct and well being of his
companions. This was the late Dr. Arnold's plaza flat
reverend and lamented to ocher first f..und out the bent of •
boy's mind, his disposition, the extent of his espacity,
arid then place him in • ait most cmgeoial to him;
Should he miththave, the doctor addreated himself to the
head boy, and asked how this had happened, saying,
" Where is thy brother ? " That the system pursued at
Bruce Castle:worked well, gratifying proof: lay bolero him
on the table. The prize books were eu:ely -elected by the
boys who were to receive tl.em, and he must say they ware
very well chosen. Recurring to the geueral anxiety
now felt respecting the spread of eduction, the
bishop said that he hail just returned from a vii ation of his
exter.sive and populous diocese. He was as mue't astonished
so delighted to find that the subject occupied the thoughts of
all classes. In every district he found schools. Although
these fur factory children were at first epitome' they now
flourished. Ills lordship then gun amile interesting details
of visits he had made to various factory and other echools in
his diocese, aud, alter an impressive address specially di-
rected to the pupils, he proceeded to distribute tise prizes. A
vote of thanks to his lordship concluded Cie pros. ed Inge.
INQUEST, YEsTERD.%Y.—SI:,PECTED MURDER IN
Huns-PARR,—Before Mr. Bedford, at St. George's Hi spital,
on the body of a man, name unknown. Deceased had the
appearance of a foreigner, about 5 het 10 inches in hi ight,
with blace hair, and apparently about five or sic and twenty
years old.—Constable 126 B deposed that at half-put 7on
Monday evening he Vona deceased just inside Albert-gale ;
there was a boy with him, who said that deceased had come
up from Buckinghamshire the day previously. The de-
ceased appeared to he labouring under preot agony, and
seemed quite sensible, but unable to speak, He was con-
veyed to the above hospital, and attended immediately by
Mr. Cowell, the house surgeon, who stated that deceased
expired • few bourn atter his admission, having been seized
with epileptic fits. A past martens examination had been
made, which proved death to be the result of great violence.
There was a semicircular fracture of the skull. The effu-
sion of blood on the brain was enough to account for death,
and was evidently caused by a severe Vow. Was certain
that much violence had been used to cause such a fracture.
In the absence of an identification cf the body, and the
whole affair appearing to be envel iced in mystery, the co-
roner adjourned the inquiry, and ordered that the boy
spoken of should be brought for card at the next investi-
aation.

IRELAND.

DUBLIN, JUNE 22.

The predictions of the Mail, founded On the beg
authority, have been falsified. That stubborn oppo-
nent of national education, Lord ltiversdale, has not
been promoted to the see of Cork, the vacant mitre
haviig fallen (as before notified in the E.rpress)
upon the worthy head of Dr. Wilson. pri motor of
Christ Church, a liberal, and the firm supporter of
popular education !lined the institution of the system,
Dr. Wilson was named for the see of Meath, when
thelate Dr. l/ickenson was appointed, and has been
re4over ever since in all the episcopal selections.
'ilson is a mild and unpretending Mat, learned,
pious, and deeply versed in ecclesiastical affairs. His
elevation is very favourably regarded.
Our Dublin conservatives are in ecatacv at the de-
feat of the Dublin Improvement Bill. The Chamber
of Commerce claps its hands, and all is mutual con-
gratulation at the idea of Mr. Reynolds's defeat.
'Their triumph, however, is only half accomplished.
They, too, have lost their fondling.
The following is Mr. John O'Connell's letter, stat-
ing his reasons for withdrawing from the longue
Sundae, June In, 1n414. Dear gir,—l raid in Coneilidem 11.11, last
Monday: and 1 resod now, that I would red lliy w opt toll the odium
t,,e country might please to ',sit me with for so:loot:nu the emlition
of repealeis in the hem body, if I thought lb.t o ,a!itiou could not be
accomplished with rarely to the people. My doubt,. :did fears on this
rubject are heavily aggravated by the tenor ot ,vert,l p inurraphs In
the Noreen of Saturday, 11th June, and portion+ of Mr. O'Brien's
letter in the same. At our next and final meeting of the " Repeal
Conference" I mud put the question diduletly to the
gentlemen of the confederation a-bother those paragraphs cl-
imes* their Sir,/ and objetts in agreeing to the prummed coalition.
I am quite sure of an answer marked by honourable frankness;
and if BM in the alternative, it a ill be then plainly my duty, as I
cannot be expected to give up my principles, to ti, elate t.,,at I can go
no further with these gentlemen. A minim aph UM, Smith O'Brien's
latter (not that In which be eongratulates Dimwit on the aupposed
surrender of our principles, but one even more aurntheantl will else
require to be discussed at our next " conicrence." Permit me to
make use of this occasion to most respectfully suggest that all Con-
ciliation-hall repealers, before joining any " dubs," ought to imist
upon the prine.iplee,plane, and Weds of those “clubs” being fully and
ranefsctorily immanent and detailed in the public preen.—l am, dear
air, your fiathfu. servant, Join. O'C.I.ELL, M.P., Limenek
City.
Tan Inlet! DISVILLERB.—At a meeting of the Irish
distillers yesterday, to consider the effect of the Chancellor
of the Exchequer's recent measure on the spirit trade of
Ireland, the following reodutions were adopted:
That the Irish distillers view with the greeted alarm and indigos-
tioo the insecure now proposed by government, td (Luther reducing
the differential duty on nun, and tither colonial spirita, to laUrpellee
pee gallon. That thus measure. if carried into effort, w;]l amount
not only to the total abolition of any differentid dutyi in favour
of Brutish and Irish spirits, but to eekbliabing • differen-
tial duty in favour of rum, he. For although a nazi-
nsl difference of fourpeme per gallon he retained to the
lintith and Irish distiller, yet, that advantage is mote than
ountetedanord by the allowance which m made to the
rum producers of threepence halfpenny per gallon, for natural
waste, for which no allowance is made to be home distiller, and
twopence-halfpenny per gallon, paid by the latter, on amount or malt
deity, making a diekvotisl dtie,ozetually, in tavour of rum, he., to
the .mount of twopence per over and above the buoy charges
and disadvantages to which y are subjected by mine rotrictions,
from which the producers of rum and colonial limits are wholly en-
emy ed. 'that this new measure will prove ruinous to the Irish distillery
trade, coocidering the great reduction that was made or. this differen-
tial duty last year, and cannot Wet be most pre,udicial to the land.
hol4rs, farmers, and traders of Irel.ind, and to every intoned eon.
meted therewith. The Meeting, eretore, esinestl) call on all these
interests, a, well If upon every "-wilier the.nudhuat the Crafted Ming-
dim, to 00-operate nth thew, in giving this yenta and unjust mea-
ante efelY oPPoAlion la their power.—lfy crdcr of the rattling,
Wise W, J4,11311W, One