The Express.
London, England, 1849-10-13 00:00:00

WIER WATER AT LONDON.PRIDOE,

Tao D;;:Ir ar•T‘,Tii§:les.77.7.7::Liii6a.m 711111. 11.
To-sea aow—llongag. UL Vs. Altessook II li. Illvs.

LONDON, SATU.RDAT, OCTOBER 13.

WAS the blustering Russian demand, made of the
Pore for the extradition of the Hungarian and
Polish fugitives, a serious one? Was it truly the
result of mere sanguinary thirst in the throats of the
Hessian and Austrian emperors ? Or was it
imag.ned on the part of the Czar, in order, Stet of
all, to try the flexibility or courage of the Sultan and
his council, and secondly to see how far, how stre-
nuously, and how unaosmonely he would be sup-
ported by France and England P There are sensible
people who ask themselves these questions.
Russia may want some pretext for the continued
occupation of Wallachia and Moldavia, from which,
now that the Ilurgarian war has been concluded, the
Porte may regime her to retire. A new cause of
coolness and disc_ :et with Turkey may be convenient
to enable Russia to meet such a demand. There can
be to doubt that the abstention of Russia from assum-
ing the full sovereignty of these provinces flu been
now for half a century due, not to the
probable resentment or resistance of the
Porte, but to the jealousy . of Austria,
ennported in its views of Danubian independence by
England, and even by Prussia. The present mo-
ment, however, being the very nadir of Austrian
depression, when the cabinet of Vmena could not
venture remonstrance or resistance to that of S.
Petersburg is the critical time for Russia to
advance its pretensions and to make a bold and de-
cided onward move from the Pruth to the Dsuube. Were
Russia to do this, proposing at the same time to
Austria to take Belgrade or a part of Bosnia, Austria
dare not object. While the Xing of Pautieta, estranged
from his people, were equally powerless to resist.
It is the opinion and the fear of some, that Russia will
never allow such an opportunity to peas; and they
lock upon M. Trrore's conduct at Constantinople sa
merely a kind of feeler, of which the brutality will
be et the rime tine di.ravowed, as the rt fusel of the
Po, t.. wil, be made use of in the way of coolness and
reer mil ation.

If .%e 1.4 k back to the last century, and into that
policy which Rigland followed for the preservation
f t`te Ottoman empire, we shall find that Russia was
el ern et. ly checked by Prussia and by Austria, by the
jeib.use end prudence of either the great FREDERICK
or of MANIA THEREBE. Whenever Austria, as was the
case up er tne influence of Prince KAUNITZ, fell
under the dictation of Romig, Prussia was excited to
sea d forth as the guardian of Eastern Europe. Un-
fortunively, the accession to power of Lord BUTE and
the tory camarilla at thecommencement nt GEORGE the
TRIED'S reign betrayed and alienated Prussia, fling-
ing the great FREDERICK and the house of Prussia
int, the arms 41 the Czarina. Tne first consequence
of this was the conquest of Wallachia and Moldavia
by the Russians, which they were only induced to
abandon by the partition of Poland, and the large
share of it made over to them.

From 1815 until a late period, Austria was the
orAy instrument that could be need to check the
encroachments of Russia, and a feeble instrument it
proved, as those encroachments show. The consola-
tion, however, existed, that Austria and Prussia were
both growing stronger, if not in government and
pablio favour, at least in the resources, development,
wealth, aid public spirit of the respective countries.
The great problem then was how to mike use of thew
resources, bow to rally them frankly to the throne,
and draw support, strength, and adhesion from them.
Such was the problem proposed at once to Prince
METTERNICH, and to the King of Pauesia. As to
eerreeeercir, es ignorant of this new and
popular power, as unable to handle, conciliate, or
direct it. The poor man had but his old
night-cap to use as an extinguisher, and with it he
went to work in his old, doting, idiotic way. The
King of PRUSSIA was not much wiser. He saw, in
deed, the new crop of intorests, idees, end weirs,
with which he coque.ted like a big, haehful, stupid
boy, more in fear than love.
The yesa 1818 came is the midst, to surprise there,'
blundering and incapable ministers aid 'sovereigns. Tne
hopes of those who desired a barrier sgainst naa-
fi& were greatly and naturally excited. A flee
Germany would seal for ever the fate of Russia,
and compel the Czars, present and fu-ure,
to rest within their frontiers. Were a free
Germany impossible, a free Prussia, or a
free Austria would tither of them have sufficed.

there were no less than three chances. But one by
one they have all distppeared. The kings and govern-
ments of Austria and of Prussia have both separated
from the people, and their set ptris are acconi,:gly eo
much straw. A•to G rm my, it has been strangled
in the cradle. What we now s. e going on f min the
Bade to the Alps is nothing more then the solemn
mockery of a funeral.
Fur Austria there was still a chance, even after the
crushing of its G.rmwi element in Vienna by its
Sclavontan generals arid soldiers. net chance Icy
in an amicable and just accord with Hungary, a ces-
sion of its old rights and constitution, and a following
up of the Archduke -STEPHEN'S promises and policy.
That would hew- produced a free, a happy, and pow-
erful Hung ty, lie l d anew to the hones of Hap,-
burg, and a bola /irk (we have seen it tried) against
wlrc't the force of Russia would have failed.
hire-d nt thin Austria occupies indeed the soil of
Hungary. But patriotism and independence are crush. d
out of L. And what remains of the military and national
spirit in it is retoy to Gil at the Cztr e feet, and take
the Ita•rnan manaech for its sovereign. Not only
is Huneery fur ever lost to the House of Hapsburg,
bat that house has lost all bold over its other pro-
vinces. Vienna abhors, Lombardy execrates, Bo-
hemia mistrusts and contemns. She has an army, a
beaten and undisciplined, a cruel and woman-floggin.r
army. But it is a mere mercenary horde,
which begs of JOHN BULL to turn over his hard'
savings to provide for the soup pots of the Croats.
Thus has every chance, every element of freedom
and of independence been: rejected by the wise
rulers of the present day, and they exult in their
wiedom. There is, however, a consols ion rill. This
is. that Russia, whether p eeipitate, or utnte, san-
gu:nery or greedy, or both and all, has still com-
mitte.l as gross a blunder as any of its victims or
accomplice. The Czar has, by his conduct at Con-
stantinople, so aroused public feelcg in England
and in France, that the ministers and cabinets

of the two countries were not left a choice.
They had no room for discussion. They
were compelled .to send a joist remonstrance
to the Czar—we are glad to learn it was as polite as
it was peremptory—to say that he mast not touch a
hair of these poor men's beards. If, therefore, his
attempt was en experiment, it has had a very de-
cid• el and, as we should think, unexpected result.
The Hungarian patriots are saved, ai.d saved with an
energy that must drive bark the Cossack policy into
its fastnesses. Their salvation, too, is a tribe's ren-
dered by Europe to the consistency, the virtue, and
to the c -use of thaw truly great men.
There exists indeed amongst us one vile calum-
niator, who goes abaut daily, like a Paris chfmnier,
dragging nut from the filth of foreign dung-he pa
some foul and slinking rag of calumny, for wn'ch he
gets a price. This political chifonnier tells 114 one
day that Goimizir ran away with Count ZICH
jewels; another day, that KOSSUTH filched St. S.e-
phen'e crown ; the next, that KOSSUTH had a tree-
=e, with which STSHERE ran away ;—lies, lies,
every wred of them. KOSSUTH quitte Hurgary
with five hundred ducats, moe of which he spent in
rel eying the difer.rsa of those sronnd him. And
Hungarians and Poles, at Widdin are all p• or, and
al provid d with garmen.s and even necessaries. The
treasure which autom cf them have, end which some
of them et le, exie,ta nowhere save in the imagination
of the chirimairr of the Times.

Ir
any one will bring forward a well-diveted
for closing all the post-offices of the kingdom
their boxes from twelve o'clock on the Saturday
--
till the same hour on the following night,
we wig
support it. Let no man throughout the milli'
e - troubled by receiving and by being tempted to
letters of a Sunday. write
But, on the other hand, we should say yak
the transit of letters as fully u can be drew ss_
upon a Sunday. All letters for Sunday teseht7.s
despatched on a Satueday, and may, of co
be despatched somewhat early of a Satarday &VT
noon. We always understood that there was,
sees'
facilities for sorting letters in the railway wh&,, •
at the service of the post-office. We do tot see
the greater part, if not all, of the work of Nees.%
ande
might not be done there, and before the S.' -1
that the task of expediting through the pseseggs:
St. Martin's-le-Grand would be a work •
the employment of very few bands.
The cheapness, celerity, and aninterraptedum
transit is one of the greatest and most sensible's,.
Horatian§ of our time. It is, indeed, almost the cats
great modern improvement which equaliaesthsadia
tastes of the poor and the rich, and commueicafes
the public, almost gratis, that quick intelligence All
formerly was at the command of the monaphist4
of the great capitalist.
What stock-jobbing have not these exprea train
pot an end to ? We hear no more of pigeon ho
courier Hying, or galloping front relay to telny,in
order to put Mr. ROTHSCHILD, or one of his sheltie
p ',session of the price of fends, or the how
rence of revolutions in the market of this agh
capital. The poor man now knows an nhei
as the rich. His penny letter, beroe on the whose
steam, cannot be out-distanced by the flettegmhd
And were government to do its duty hp his.
ing his provider—the newspaper—to tee leo
degree of cheapness as the veva of it, the
Bauman would have nothing to complain of in flesh
of being iuformtd of what concerned his inserreteoad
what related to the business of the world.
Let us take care bow we mar this highly morale.
snit for the sake of a clamour, raised inconeiderahs
and got up to counteract the very parposts4
which zealous men have joined in it. Tam Mho
published by the Poet-office authorities, and nigh
ought to have been publish d long ago, has wept
every one in possession of the Minn sought sad th
changes proposed.
Toe aim of Mr. HILL was evidently to do better,
to accelerate more, to make the farthest point of tie
empire paricipate in the advantages which theme
tropolis enjoys from the great communication with
Europe and the colonies that steam has mud
And Mr. HILL, we believe, was fully aware that see
objects, however aesirable, were still not to be procure;
at the expense of the sanctity of Sunday. Post*
therefore, ne sought to provide. But whim Mr.
HILL and Lord CLANRICARDE were both wrong, ere
in not communicating with leading commercial men
on the subject, both in the country and in the pro.
vinces, stating the aim, hearing the objections, and
meeting them, as well as correcting the mon sod
miscalculations into which even official, may fell
The public has certainly some reason to complain,/
being taken by surprise, and Lord Jens Resew,
has wisely met this by a partial adjournment. md
we think, these excited fears and scruples ought tole
allayed by a promise on the part of the government
and the Post-office that the entire question of Sunday
labour in post-offices should be taken into coosiders.
Lion, with a view to devising a general measurefor
putting London and the provinces in the sum
category, Sunday letter-writing and Sunday here
posting being in both precluded.
But at the same time we trust that neither the
Post-office nor the Prime Minister will abandon tbe
habit and the improvement of the Sunday transit and
furtherance of letters posted on previous Gaya From
all we have heard and inquired on the subj,ct, we feel
confident that the transit through London of letters
on a Sunday could be manage° without sty imam
of Sunday labour in the London Poet-office at alt
The present position iv, however, one in which they
onnot remain. Horne traneit letters cannot be
stopped on a Sunday in London, unless foreign
letters be stepped too. And, if the Pest-office a
detain New Yurk letters going from Liverpool to
Southampton or to Havre, or foreign letters going to
Liverpool or Manchester, such letters will be toe
warded independently of London, and will give rite
to tenfold the Sunday business of the regular post. Let
not, therefore, the sincere and pious champions of
Sunday root fall into the mistake into which the Pru.
tectionists fell when they prohibited tobacco, silks,
and wine, and created a contraband trade, which not
only cheated and brought down the revenue, but
wuich reared large numbers of men living i a illege
My. Sabbath-breaking, and crime.

Int Court.

ARRIVAL OF THE COURT IN LONDON.

The Quern and Prince Alban left her Majegty's
marine residence, Osborne, I•le of 'Wight, at ten taints
past nine o'clock yesterday morning, embaked at tattier
at Cowes in the Fairy, yacht, crowd to Oetyert,ul
travelled by a sp.eci train on the London and SoutbWestrts
Railway to the Nine-elms station. Oa arriving at the Mink
bar Majesty and his Royal Highness en eyed a carriage 14
!our, end proceeded to Bentley Priory, S•anmorr, to MS
h'r Majesty the Queen Dowage: The Vi•c•untem Cue
ming, Lady in Waiting, the Hon Lucy Kerr, Maid of Roam
in Wei ing, and General Wemyria, Squerry in Wading, feb
lowed in eno•her carriage and four. Her Majesty and tte
Prince arrived at ten m•eutee past ten o'clock at the Pnety,
ivid were received by Sir Horace Seymour and the Lei
Cnamaerlain to the Queen Dowager. A dejewar wutervtd
to the august p..rty. At four o'clock the tel le • n ant Poo
Albert took have of the Queen Dowager and proceeded ts
Buckingham Palace, where tin y arrived at ten minutia psa
five o'cl ca, and were rec. iv.d by the Hamer of the SON,
the Vice-Chambirlein, Sir E tweed Bowater, the Ideate a
the Household, and Sir Jame. Clark.

Her Royal Highnees the Duchess of Kent disci
with her Majesty and Prince dibtrt yesterday tram', a
Suck ingham-palace.
Hit Royal Highness the Duke Al-xandcr of Wit.
temnent, accompanied by Prince Philip, yisiod her Boyd
Highness the Da.heas of Ksat yesterday, at Mares :I-hone,
St. James. .

The Bt-hop of London and a deputatirn had!"
interview with Lord John Russell yererday, a' his dieul
residence in Downing-street. Lord Lyttelton had lalo
in•erview with his lordship yesterday.
The Postmaster-Ger eral had an interview with the
Chancellor of the Exchequer yesterday. Mr. Highs's.
Secretary and Comptroller-Oesseral to the C.olMilbleeri
for the Reduction of the Ne.tonal Debt, had also an int*.
view yesterday with the right hon. bannet.

(Fran last nlght's Gazette.)
FOREIGN-OFFICE, OCT. 9 —rn. Queen has beet
Pleased to approve of Mr. Charles B nj man es consul, it
Demerara, for the United &eve of America.

MEETING ON CAPITAL PONISIIMENTB.—A gel
full and respectably attended meeting in favour of the abcili.
tion of capital punishment was held in the To. n-hall. Dr More
on Wednesday evening, over which .1. Crotkett, Esq., to
M..yor of the borough, presided.—The Mayor opened the
proceedings. of the meeting, and then introduced Mr. Gillis,
who examined the whole argument in favour of death
punishments, on the ground of example, on the ground of
xoediencr, and on the theological grow do in rrot gly er
forced. Me then said that the system fuveurs the owl
V the guilty. This chiefly arose from the relocate,
of jariss to convict, when there was the porehatb
by any means, of returning a verdict of acquittal.
Malty juries had recommended to mercy, 11.1,11
on account of their objection to death punk-
, went ; several of the judges were opp sod wit;
as was alias the present Lord Msyor of L ndoo, sad
numb rs of the provincial mayors, who had signed *do-
cument stating it as their belief that the alto idea of sack
punishments would tend to the good cf society. But tbm
arose the question—Can we do with out capital inintahmeut?
—and this, after all, was the prscticsl point. When tiler'
Position fir its abolition in the c.a. of sheen stealing ao
br.ught forward, it was objected that nn ek el 112'0
would be secure afterwards. But what was the fget I Wh,/
that from the moment it was alsilish. d, the crime diesels".
Tee some with horse-stealing and a number of other
He w0..1d take 17 of the crimes for which the peealty lied
been altered from death punishment to itet severe sesta*
Taking the total number of committal' tor there 17 hfJe
lan firs years in which the offreoirs wen cepiesl, be lossd
the number to be 11,651. For the first five years sew the
abolition of capital pusishment for hose s, the nos.
hers wen reduced to 10.804, or nearly I,ooolm t ace belle*
T ,ie was tales n from 'Parliamentary paper," No. 354. Balk°
1546 B. F. Bleck, Esq., of Bath, prop oed the adoption oLil
p parliament, in a speeoh of length and shill,. B.
protested against the syrinx b -cause, to use the words.
Douai.* Jerrold, he believed it to be " a prom berglei'"lll.
calculated to secure the erect designed, and on the Coar'..?"
perpetuating much evil on anis., as well as On the lathen•
.
dual who more immediately sufferer) by it. Mr. Slack col!
eluded by moving the adoption of the pe.inon. whleb "I
-ended on the first resolution The re.olutivn he prapser.,
was ten- tided by the Rev. Me. It arch, Wesleyan niditie.r.
' elsx in a very pointed and clear oddest-. A mile it'''!!
.es n ;wen to Mr. Gilpin and Mr. Sins, and the ail el_
• `in. The petition received number of signstuf“
-*ethnics.