The Express.
London, England, 1865-10-03 00:00:00

JOHN BROOMS'S PARIS FIRST CLASS
sad LONDON Pll2l DLlDALB.—Msaatactory, 10. Hoc-
W.C. TOY segobtlabment
Lisa= it. isid lAINe at 1 o'clock.

ervreoo.

TO 00111IBPONDIN1S.
AdverUsansele Wooded for " TIM Linear' Landau livening
meet be M the Othae, 19. boitverteutteee, 4 Two
rjni as the dat al Pliblidwika•

ASI'LMICE.
Z. T. flailikt, Lowe.
SATURDAY. Oct. 7. Mho ilankan and an efficient company
will sppear In tne new tomantte Drama, TSB CHILD OF THE
SUN.—Alter which, DUOS.

ERZTANNIA.
TIM ammo, THE BEGGARS . Messrs. Rey.
molds, Dramaioad, Cranford. Ewa Clows.—Don
?Woe.— tad JRANNIii ANDYIIIi DUNS. Ma S. Mlles
sod Miss L Maeuth,s.

WOE WATIA £T LONDON-BRIM&
MI DAY Wanda& Ob. lta.....Allassea. Oh. 365.
TOMORROW Monty. OIL lea.....abirassa. 116 I.

LONDON. TUESDAY. OCTOBER 3.

WE are now in possession of the reasons which
have induced the Government to take active steps
to prevent the further spread of Fenianiam in
Ireland. To what extent these reasons have a
solid foundation in fact not course still unknown to
us, since the number of depositions already taken
in the case and the voluminous character of the
documentary evidence by which they are supported
have made it impossible for the prosecuting
counsel to submit anything like • complete
statement to the police magistrate before
whom the prisoners stand charged. In
spite, however, of this unavoidable difficulty,
the Government has wisely determined to make
no further delay in giving publicity to the
general outline of the conspiracy which
it claims to have detected. Englishmen are
justly impatient of vigorous executive action when-
ever they are not informed of the nature of the
facts which justify it, and it is better to run all
the risks of • premature revelation than to give
any colour to suspicions that the ordinary safe-
guard of an open and speedy examination is to be
denied to political prisoners. The speech of the
Crown calumet on Saturday tells us at least what
the Government proposes to prove, and if only half
of it can be established by evidence, the authori-
ties will not need to seek condonation for their
interference. We have but to remember that at
present such • narrative can only present us with
an incomplete version of an ex parte statement,
and that as such it must be taken with proper
caution, so far as it bears upon particular per-
sons.
The conclusions which the Government has
drawn from the evidence before it point, it
seems, rather to a social than • political object for
the conspiracy. Or, more correctly, perhaps, the
political revolution which the Fenian bad in view
was valued by them chiefly as the first step to the
political revolution which was to follow. The end
for which they worked was • regenerated Ireland,
more even than an independent Ireland. And if
the witnesses from which the Government has ob-
tained its information are to be trusted, the means
by which this regeneration was to be effected
cannot certainly be charged with any half-hearted
feebleness. The distribution of property is the
feature in the existing social system which the
Irish peasant views with moat dislike, and the
Fenian proposition aimed at remedyingall inequali-
ties of this kind by the simple process of removing
the persons in whom property is vested. "tape-
" rations were to be commenced," said Mr. BARRY,
the law adviser to the Irish Government, "by an
" indiscriminate muaacre—by the assassination
"of all above the lower classes, including the
" Catholic clergy." What was to follow upon this
initiatory step is not clearly stated. Probably
the conspirators felt that there was a good deal
to be done before the ground could be thus cleared
for action ; at all events the only further measure
which seems to have been agreed upon was a de-
sign for a flag, in which four stripes were to stand
for the four provinces, and thirty-two stars for the
thirty-two counties of republican Ireland. When
we come to the instrumentality by which this
agrarian reign of terror was to be set going, • con-
siderable inconsistency is apparent between the
magnitude of the ends in view and the magnitude
of the means employed. The agents of the
Brotherhood in Ireland were largely employed in
distributing pikes, for, notwithstanding all the re-
cent improvements in musketry, the Irish rebel
seems to cling with traditional faith to
the traditional weapon. Still, though pike
heads may be less effective than rifles,
they are also considerably cheaper, and one of the
prisoners was employed for some months together
in manufacturing them at the rate of 100 or 120
a week. The store thus accumulated was distri-
buted in small parcels over different parts of the
country, so as to create in the minds of the
members • feeling of concert and mutual support.
The only firearms which seem to have been pre-
pared were revolvers, and here also the Brother-
hood was reduced to be its own manufacturer, as
the price of the ordinary weapons was found too
large for its exchequer.
We know that it is very difficult to set
bounds to the credulity which may exist
among the lower classes of so imaginative
a people as the Irish, but we imagine
that recruits could never have been obtained
in any numbers with no better prospect
before them than that of encountering the whole
force of the Government with pikes and pistols,
if it had not been for the peculiar position which
the United States occupy in the mind of an Irish
peasant. What France was to the rebel of 1798,
that, and far more than that, America is to the
Fenian of 1865. France was at best a foreign
ally, America is a land peopled by his brothers and
cousins. To Englishmen who know how unimpor-
tant the Irish element in America is in comparison
with the noise it makes, the idea that it
could supply any efficient military aid to
an outbreak in Ireland, still more that
it could so far control the Government of the
United States as to involve it in a war with
England, may seem • delusion too wild to be
possible. But years ago the Irish peasant learned
to look to emigration to America as the only
available method of improving his condition, and
his conception of the numbers of his country-
men who have already had recourse to it is
not modified by any notion of that vaster popu-
lation into which they are rapidly absorbed. Ile
attributes all he hears of the United States to that
Irish contingent which he knows to have landed
on its shores. The fact that, as an American
correspondent pointed out the other day, an Irish-
man in that country rarely becomes anything
greater than an alderman, does not affect the
question. Such a rise as this is amply sufficient
to impress the imaginations of the countrymen
whom he has left behind. Between him and them
there lies the whole interval which 'operates
poverty from competence, and men who are still
starving on the nether aide of this gulf have no
power of nicely meuuriag the distinctions which

TSB LE:

may exist among those who ha clipped its
mere fact, therefore, that
mama, of 5,0001. witMefo
been arriving almost dintp rice,
what was wanted to give the conspiracy the
11000.1117 plausibility. But we shall be
loth to believe, except upon overwhelm-
log evidence, that the designs of universal
massacre, which the Government attributes to the
Fenian'', could have been communicated to any
but those professions! agitators who have grown
accustomed to bloodsheddwg on paper. It is the
nature of informers to exaggerate the importance
of their disclosures, and we cannot but hope that,
so far as regards this worst feature in the scheme,
the Government may have been deceived by the
necessary untrustworthiness of its instruments.

THE "WOMAN 3 WOW QUESTION.

A bold step towards the practical solution of
this much agitated question has just been taken by •
yam lady, ifiss Garrett by name, who, on Thursday last,
passed her examination at Apothecaries' Hall, and obtained
a license in the usual form, to engage in the practice of
medicine. We believe this to be the first example in this
country of the grant of a medical diploma to a lady,
though in America such a title as "Mrs. or Miss Dr." A or
B is common enough. To many this novel oollocation
of words will be as harsh and unwelcome in sound as in
significaeos, implying an it does the exchange of the
domestic sphere, with all its graceful duties sad enjoy-
meats, for the rode cam and struggles of • publisand pro-
fassional life—struggles by no means easy to reooecile
with our poetical ideal of womaahood. Mies Garrett's ex-
perimeat is nevertheless one which may be justified by
seamy moat arguments ; especially by the etetistimlly
proved sumericel preponderance of her own over the om-
en* sex in this country, • cinumatence which excludes
many thousands of our conetrywasso from the pomibility
of maniacs, and from the natural round of esjoymeete and
escupatione it opus. up. At all events, now that • lady
has been farad bold enough to descend into this novel
arm, and to stake her life sad foetus, on the venturous
Um, it seams but jest to lei her have a fait sad unpreju-
diced trial. The conditions of the Apothecaries' Hall
Baena are aufficisetly stringent and onerous to argue
wee than usual energy and perseverance on the
yam lady's part to have fulfilled them. They
comprise a preliminary general examination, fol-
lowed by two special professional ones ; the latter
embracing anatomy, physiology, chemistry, botany.
mater is mee ice, pathology, medical jurisprudence,
toxicology, therapeutic', and several other Radom ; besides
the usual routine of hospital practice and .clisial demon-
strations. Of all this professing's! knowledge Mir Garrett le
now the legally certified poseenear ; and, if her intellect he
equal to her diligence, there appears to be no mann why
she should not practise the healing art to the full as rooms-
fully her professional brethren—say, probably with even
greater soma in the departments which specially concern
her own sex and their infant offspring. The surgical art
masa, at first blab, much loss within feminine mope-
tame. Yet it has been said that a surgeon should have
"an eagle's eye, a lion's heat, mad • lady's heed ;" sod we
con imsginecassa le which the refinement of • woman's amp-
' tions, and the sensitive delicacy of her touch. might calks bar a
better operator than eves • mace, provided she had alai the
finnan@ and nerve implied in the second of the three pro-
verbial conditions. If it be true, as we are informed, that
this young lady was at the outset of her endeavours refused
admittance to the medical sobools, in some instances eves
after payment of her fats, and that she yet returned,
nothing daunted, to renew the struggle, till she finally
accomplished her pupae, the credit of courage and con-
stancy cannot justly be denied her. While, therefore, we
caning but deem the domestic far preferable to the pro-
fessional career for the large majority of women, we ON no
reason to discourage such attempts as Miss Garrett's on the
put of the exceptional few ; and to this extent we can
cordially wish God speed to the movement she has so
boldly initiated.—Daily News.

Her Majesty the Queen will bold a Council at
Balmoral as Thursday seat.
The Queen (whys the Edinburgh Courant), in-
fluenced by that kindliness of feeling for which her Majesty
is so eminently distiaguished, has more theta once dories the
last few weeks visited the postunster's son of Oratbie, a
young man of about eighteen years of age, who is et presoak
labouring seder a long and severe illness ; imxiously in-
quiring into his einmmetauces, and addressing to him a
few words of kindness sad sympathy. Os Satur-
day morning his Royal Highness Prises Arthur, *coons-
panted by his toter, arrived in Yeah by the limited mail
from Loudon. The party, after leaving the peers' sta-
tion, adjourned ti the British Hotel, where they partook
of breakfast, after which they drove to Balmoral, via
Blairgewrie sad the Spinal of Moorish's.
His Royal Highness Prince Amadeus of Italy,
accompanied by his Eteellenoy the Marquis d'Aseglio, is
expected in town either to-morrow or the following day

from Scotism!.
Her Highness the Princess Czernicheff and the
Primal Loon Czernicheff have arrived g the Queen's

Hotel, Upper Norwood.
The Marquis of Westminster arrived in town at
the end of last week from a tour in Scotland. The Mar-
chime' and Lsdy Theodora Grosvenor, and Lord Robert
Grosvenor, M.P., are still at Duerobin Castle.
The Earl and Countess of Egliuton purpose to
receive a large party at Eglinton Castle this week.
The Right Hon. W. E. Gladstone is now staying
at Court Hey, in order to be present at the funeral of Mrs.
Robertson Gladetoce.
Yesterday the marriage of Prince Dmitry Solty-
boil, sou of his Serene Highnem Prince Soltykoff, with
Medlle. Bilge de Yacovleff, was celebrated at the Russian
chapel in Welbecketreet, in accordance with the rite, of
the Greek church. The bride wore a rich silver and silk
brocade dress, flounced and trimmed with ancient Brussels
point lace, and over a wreath of orange blossom, jessamine,
and other flowers, a superb veil of the same lace.
The half-yearly inspection of the troops stationed
at Shorocliffe and Dover Garrisons will take place to-mor-
row (Wednesday) morning, at 11 o'clock, before his Royal
themes. the Duke of Cambridge and staff, on an elevated
plateau near the Royal Oak, midway between Dover and
Folkestone. There will be a grand review and sham fight.
The quarrel between Sir Robert Peel and Mr.
Grey, the hanker, it is said, has bees settled between the
parties, and the Chief Secretary has been relieved from the
disagreeable necessity of appearing as a culprit before the
police magistrate.
Last night at the Dublin Exhibition the awards
were %moaned by the Dike of Laiester sad Earl Russell.
The Lord Mayo►, Mr. Degas, Sir R. Peel, the Attorsey-
Geseral, Lord Houghton, Lord Meath, and Mr. Pim also
spoke. The attendsace was considerable.
A Privy Council will be held in Dublin to-day
for the purpose of swearing in lords justices to sot during
the absence of the Lord Lieutenant, who will proceed
immediately to England, in consequence of the death of the
Countess of Clare, the mother of Lady Wodehouse.
His Grace the Archbishop of Dublin left the
Palace, Kilkesny. where he bee been staying on a visit
with the Lord Bishop of Decry, for the visitation, on
Friday, for Waterford.
The opening address of the winter session at
Owens College, Manchester, was deliveeed yesterday by
Mr. Barker, the newly-appointed professor of mathematics
at the colleges The lecturer's speech was priacipally
directed to the system of mathematical instnietion followed
in the public schools and colleges of this country.
"Two more retirements have taken place," says
"Arens," "one being that of itr. Henry Daisy, a de-
scendant of the gentleman who Imported The Deasy Ara-
bian. Mr. Dailey purchased largely at the Middleman Is*
sad also bought Blae &baud and several others of Mr.
Cathcart about three weeks sees. Family names sre said
to be the cause of hie giving up, end the animals are all
to be sold at Newmarket on Wednesday week. The other
gentleman who is going to part with his stud is Mr. W.
Morris, whose nags oome to the hammer at Newmarket
the day after Mr. Daily's."
HZALLTH Or LORD PADIZIIRTOW.—Tber* is 110
truth In the statements relative to the Premier's " serious
Illness,' copied iste some of the weekly mewapapere from
the Belfast News Letter. We can Meth, on the best autho-
rity, that the gout, which hindered Lord Palmerston from
appearing at the Bristol Festival, had disappeared more
thee a week ago, and that his lordship's general health is
Dow so good that be has not, for a long e, appeared so
Timms, site, Is mind and body.--hard.