The Express.
London, England, 1848-03-20 00:00:00

THE EXPRESS, MONDAY EVENING, MARCH 20, 1848.

Hormones, March 18.-Having a coatinuanos of wet
weather, our Wheat came to hand in bad condition,ri pantios d we
can only report a dull and slow trade in every desc of
grain ; nevertheless, holders of Wheat are estreznely firm
more is
their demand', and for a few picked simples of dry, Is.
must be given. Barley and Oats are unaltered, and of Beams"
but few owing. Wheat, 635. to 68s. Braley, 324. to 365.
Oats, 225. to 28s. Beans, 40s. to 425.
Pwrineosooon, March 18.-The supply of Wheat, al.
though not large for the season of they ear, was greater them
last week; but that of Barley and Beans much shorter. MAO
Wheat is rather dearer than last week ; a good deal et
business would have been done, but farmers firmly insisted
neon an advance of 2a per qr. Barley is ls. to 2s. dearer.
'No change in Wheatfe of Oats or Beaus. Currency to ,
the growers: new, 40s. to 44a.; fine, 62a. to 1
634. ; old, 50s. to 62a. ; tine, 645. Barley, 295. to 306. ;
18s
21s. to 246. ; old,
fine, 331. Oats, new, 17s. to .; fine,
to
: 23e. to 305.; fine, 324. Beans, old, 60s. 526. ; new, No
to Kb.
r..,
ETWORTH, March 18.-At our maket to-day we note
an improvement in the value of Wheat, especially for fine,
dry parcels. Choice parcels of Barley are more inquiria
AL at advanced rates, as also seed qualities of all spring
seen. Wheat, white, per load, 131. to 131. 155.; red, 121. to
121. 10s. Barley, malting, 31s. to 335.; grinding, 28.. to
110 a. Oats, 20s. to 225. Peas, 40s. to 425. Beans, 42.. to 44a.
REAMED, March 18.-We had a good consumptive de-
stand for Wheat to-day. at an improvement of ls. per qr. in
Ape qualities, and inferior maintained last week's rate. Bar-
loy was in short supply, and Is. per eir. dearer. Every otha
load of spring Corn was dull, and pnces rather receded.
1 SAFFRON WALDEN, March 18.-Our Wheat market this
Iday was from ls. to s. per quartet d . Barley, &leo,
Ikons le. to 2s. per quarter in advance. Oats cheaper. Beans,
in consequence of foreign arrivals, very dull. Peas, also,
partake of the decline.
BENDERLAND, Much 18.-The weather has been very
wet all the week, so that field-work has been suspended,
and the completion of sowing spring crops delayed.
ers There
was an average supply of grain from the fann to-day,
and 1,050 qrs. of Oats have been received coastwise during
the week. The demand for Wheat was rather brisk, and
sales were readily made at fully Is. per qr. advance. The
finest Wheats were worth to day 575. ; average qualities,
63e. to 556.; and inferior parcels, 495. to 516. per qr. At
these rates prime qualities of south country and foreign
Wheats are is demand. Malting Barley atto 325.,
to
is
in fair request. Beans at 361. to 385., and Peas at 34..
365., in moderate demand for seed. Oats ire a good sale.
at 225. to 24e. Malt is very dull sale, at 52.6. to 566. Flour
of all kinds it in great demand ; south country is charged
395. to 405., and home-made, 365. to 375. per sack ; Ame•
1 rican, 28e. to 30e., and Indian Meal, 161. to 17s. per barrel.
WARHIEsTER, March 18.-Wheat was but in moderate
supply; best dry samples scarce, and soon disposed of; best
white, weighing 62:hs. per bushel, made 58e. per qr. ; some
very superior reached 606. ; best heavy, dry, old and
Flo new.
red, made 563. to 57s ; common, 445. to 60s. Best ur,
445. per bag ; good seconds, 40s. to 425. ; common, 395. For
Barley, the demand very brisk ; tome fine heavy and bright
Chevalier made 32.. per qr. ; good malting, 365. to 37e. ;
second rate, 331. to 3ts. ; none selling at less than 31$. to
32e. Oats found ready purchasers at an advance of Is. per
qr. for all good samples, inferior remaining at the prices of
I lest week ; general prices from 226. to 275. per qr. Beans,
some best old ticks, 48s. to 50s. per qr. ; new and pigeon,
, from 421. to 463. Peas,
_good white, C to 48.. per qr. ;
I grey and maple, 42a. to 455.
WINCHESTER, March 18.-The show of Wheat less than
usual; best white situ as high as 151. per load; red, 141. to
141. 10.. ; common samples. 131. to 131. 103. Flour, at from
40s. to 433. per bag. Barley sold quickly, at a rise of le. per
qr. Best Chevalier made 355. to 375. per qr. ; good samples,
at 335. ; moderate, grinding, at 30s. to 31s. Barleymeal,
17s. per bag. Malt, 7s. to St. per bvithel. Beans in good
demand, at from 444. to 486. per qr. Peas, fine white, at 461.
per qr. Hog r'eas,4o4. to 425. Oats sold at an advance of
Is. per qr. Finest Poland and Potato, 265. to 28.. per qr.
good, white, 243. ; common, feed, 206. to 225. Winter and
epriag Tares, Gt. to 7s. per bushel.
Wtessecg, March 18.-With a good supply of Wheat the
trade here to-day may be reported the same as last week for
all but inferior aud out-of coaditioned samples, which are
hardly so ready sale. Oats and Beans uuchanged in
value. Prices to the growers: WheatBs. , floe white,
611bs. to 621ba, 50s. to 525. per qr. ; red, 4 to 50s. ; good
runs, GOlbs. to 611bs, white, 475. to 493. •, red, 465. to 481. ;
common, 57163. to 5011 n., white, 436. to 465. ; rod, 42a. to 445.
Oats, fine new meeting, per stone, I Id. ; good, new, feed
101. to 101 d. Beans, new, 34e. to 366.
WORCESTER, March 18.-We had a fair supply of Wheat
to-day, which realized tally last week's rates ; red, 19s. to
203. per bag of 9.t. 101 b. ; white, 20s. to 21. Barley in re.
quest at 4s. 4d. to 4.. fel. per bush. imp., and all other des-
criptions of grain fully maintained last week's prices.
YORE. March 18.-At our market insths day an average
quantity of Wheat is !bowing, which has e a fair sale at a
trifle below last week's prices. In Barley, Oats, and
Beaus, no alteration:-Wheat, white, 525. to 555. per imp.
qr.; red, 493. to 521. Barley, malting, 30s. to 335. ; grinding,
275. to 293. Beans, 366. to 40s. Rye, 345. to 375. ; Malt, .
to 62e. Oats, 1016. to 111 d. per stone of 141bs. Flour, 6
370ss.
to 41s. per sack of 2801bs.
DuBLIN, March 17.-We have to report small supplies
and dull msrkets this week on our Corn Exchange. Prime
samples of Wheat met a brisk sale, at last Friday's rates,
whilst inferior descriptions of Barley maintained the cur-
rency of this se'nnight. For other articles we repeat last
day's quotations. The following was the general currency:
Wheat, white, 276. to 30s. 6d. ; red, 255. to 295. per 21501 b.
Oats, 9.. G. to Ils. 3d. per 1961 b. Barley, 14s. 6d. to
161. 6d. per 22411.. Indian Corn,to 335. 6d. e
rnBoll4.
Oatmeal, 114. to 126. per cwt. Flour, seconds, ss. 161.
BELFAST, March 16.-Our market has been moderately
. supplied this week with farmer.' produce ; but, the demand
being equally moderate, we have no alteration to note in the
price of any article. Owing to the advice' from America,
brought by the last Halifax packet, stating lower quotations
for Indian Co, this article has again declined in the Liver-
pool market, which has induced holders to be more desirous
of wiling ; but we do not anticipate any great decline, as
it cannot be imported to stand under present rates, and the
demand is expected to increase considerably as soon al
f irmers are employed at spring labour. Indian Corn, white,
Si. to 81. 6s. ; yellow, 71. 10s. to 71. 153. per ton. Indian
Corn Meal, white, 81 15s. to 91. ; yellow, 71. 15.. to 81. per
ton. American, 15.. to 16.. per barrel. Ryemeal, Russian,
7s. to 7s. 61. per cwt. Wheat, red, 9s. to 10s. 9d. ; white,
9s. o Ils. per cwt. Oatmeal, 10s. to Ils. 6d. per cwt.
Oats, fiat..s6 6d. to 6s. 9d. per cwt. Barley, 6s. 6d. to 7s. 31. per
cwt. Wheatenmeal, 13e. to 14a. per cwt. Guano, Ichabo,
fts. 6d. per cwt.
Coax, March 18.-There is more readinen on the part of
holder' to make sales, and in some instances lower rates
have been accepted. The movements of the trade during
the last two weeks have been very similar to those of the
past few months. Foreign supplies continue trifling. Those
of home growth also are moderate. The value of Wheat
is pretty well maintained, and there is scarce any alteration
from the prices of last week. In prepared Wheat we have
scarcely anything doing. Barley, the supply of which has
fallen off materially, is in fair demand at late prices.
Oats, owing principally to the demand for seed pur-
poses, have again advanced 3d. to 4d. per barrel.
In prepared Oats we have not heard of any transactions.
The business done in Flour is entirely one of consumption,
and purchases are confined to the supply of immediate wants.
Indian Corn, as has already been intimated; meets a much
lees brisk inquiry, and the article can be had at a reduction
of 2s. 6d. per ton, the extreme value of prime Galati being
now about 71. 10s. Meals meet a res'neted inquiry assn
sale.
LIMERICK, March 18.-The weather in the early part es
the week was very wet, with high winds ; it has since cleared
up, and is now clear and sunny. The supplies of grain
during the week have been moderate (the farmers are busy'
tilling), and prices ruled steady. At this day's market the
show of Wheat was small, and quickly bought up at a slight
improvement in value. Oats sell well. Little Barley
offering. We have a good demand in Indian Corn, which
it rather scarce, but, from tho expected large
quantities, buyers are not anxious to go into stock
and we note no improvement in value. Indian Meal and
other coarse 13-eadstuffs, meet rather slow demand. Red
Wheat, 134. to 151 ; white, 141 d. to 161 d. Oats, 814. 10 9d.
Barley, ltd. to 121. per at. Galata Indian Corn, 81 104. to
81. 153. per ton. lbrsil and other, 8/. to 81. ss. Indian
Meal, 81. ss. to 91. Oatmeal, 121. to 131. Irish Flour, 325.
per bag.
Suoo, March 18.- Oats, Be. 9d. to 93. 3d. per bushel. I
Oatmeal, per per cwt. Indian Meal, 9s. per cwt. Wheat,
21s. to 225. barrel. American Flour, 31s. 31s. Gil. per
barrel.
WATERFORD, March 18.-Our market this week has been
moderately supplied with country Corn ; of foreign we have
not had a single at rival, while from Liverpool, 3,830 qrs. of
Indian Corn, and 530 barrels Meal are reported. Wheat
has been in fair request at former prices; and some quantity
from granary was disposed of early in the week, to local
millers. Oats have improved about 30. per barrel during
the week, and are now held with firmness at the advance.
There are some inquiries for grinding Barley for export, but,
from the paucity of supplies, little business can be done in
it. Indian Corn has been pressed to a decline of fully Ia
per barrel, and buyers can only be found for small
quantities at the reduction. Flour, being relatively
cheaper than Wheat, is in fair request at late
rates. Present prices of Grain Flour, itte. :-Undried
Wheat, millers', per 20 stone, 26; 6.1. to '27s. 6d. ; shipping,
245. to 245. 6d. Barley, malting, per 16 stone, 151. Ito
15s. 61.; grinding, 13e. to 136. 6d. Ciats, white, per 14 at.,
10s. to 106. 6d. ; black, 10s. 3d. to 103. 6d. Prepared
Wheat, millers',
_per 20 at., 28s. 3d. to 296.; shipping,
255. 6d. to 265. Gd. Barley, malting, per 16 st., 16s. to
166. 6d.; grinding, 15s. to 15s. 61. Oats, white, per 14 st.,
Ile. to lls. 91. ; black, lla. to lls. 3d. Flour, super., per
sack, 375. 6d. to 386. G. ' • seconds, 345. to 355. ; thirds, 30s. to
325.; fourths, 24e. to 255. Indian Corn, Danube, per 20 et.,
1186. 6d. to 19s. 6d. American, yellow and red, 18s. to
118 s. 3i1.; Spanish and Portuguese, 16e. to 17e. ; white, 15s. to
1 160. ; damaged, for cattle, 126. to 135. Indian Corn
Meal, per cwt., 83. to Oatmeal, per cwt., 106.
to 111. Bran, per 6 stone, 3s. to 3e. 2d.
KIRKCALDY, March 18.-Although we have not had eo
much rain this week as for some previous weeks, still the
ground is much too wet to admit of the sowing of anys des-
cription of grain. At our country markets is k,
thes
e
supplies of all hied, of grain have been very limited ; al
were quicker then of late, and at fully higher rates than last
week. Here to-day we had rather small supplies of all
kinds of grain, which met &fide demand, but without any
quotable change in value. Wheat, 42a to 545. per qr. Bar-
ley, 265. sat. to 31s. Oats, 21s. to 26. Oatmeal, per bag of
2801 be., 345. to 343. 6d.

KINGSTON, March 18.--13...5t Wheat scarce; prices about
2s. per qr. above last week. B airy sold at an advance of
Is. to 2s. per qr. Oats went off freely, at from 20.. to 27a.
per qr. Beaus and Peas in fair demand, at last Saturday's
prices.
MANCH EAT'S, March 18.-Neither ie this nor the neigh-
bouring markets has any particular change taken place
during the lest week : the trade ha, been quiet, at late rates.
The same description is applicable to the day's business at
our Corn Exchange, the transactions in each:article being of
limited extent at the prises of our last, except as regards
Beans and Indian Corn, which are both Is. per qr. cheaper.
The current prices Wheat, per bushel of 701b5.,
English, wbite, Ss. to Bs. 6d. ; red, Ts. Gd. to Bs. Irish,
white, 7s. 6d. toes.; red, Is. 3:1 to 7s. td. Barley, per bushel
of 601ba., grinding, 38.6 d. to 4s. Oats, per bushel of 451b5.,
Bnglish, Scotch, and fine Irish, 2e. 11d. to 3s. Id. ; Irish
kiln-dried runs, 2s. 9d. to 2s. 10d. Beans, per qr. of 5011 M.,
English, email, 38e. to 395. ; Tick, 37'. to 38s. Peas, per
8 imperial hushele, white, boilers, 40s. to 425. Flour, per
sack of 28911 w.. English and Irish, tine, 37'. to 395. ; super-
fine, 395. to 401. ; extra, 41s. to 42.5. 6d. Oatmeal, per load
of 24011 m., English and Irish, 261. to '276.
Mastsoitorott, Mandl 18.-Wheat was sold freely at an
advance of 10s. per load. Barley woo also in good d, mud,
at Is. per qr more money. Oats toned purchasers at Is. in-
crease. B. ans, Peas, and Tares as last week. Wheat from
121.15 a. to 141.155. per load. Bar'ey, at from 325. to 375.
per qr. Oats trim 20s. to 275. Beans, 41.4. to 501. Peas,
from 40s. to 455.
Nswcaarts-ox-Trns, March 18.-The weather still
continues of a very unpropitious character. Since Thum
day it has rained almost without the slightest intermission,
accompanied with a north-east wind, and the land is ea de-
luged with wet, that serious apprehensions are entertained
vthat Wheat may take injury upon tne hea”, soils if • fa-
vourable change do not occur shortly. Seeding operations
in this dist, !CC an in a vary backward state, a much less
breadth of Beans and Peas having been sown than usual,
whilst of Wheat but little has been sot into the gr aund, and
the season is now too late to risk a crop of this grain. The
trade since this day se'nnight has rued extremely first for
Wheat and Flour, and trans actions to a moderately fair
extent have beer. effected in those articles at slightly enhancd
rates, other grain, though no dearer, commanding rather
more attention. At our market this morning, we had a
moderate snow of Wheat from tt.e country, and the arrivals
coastwise hi fag trifling, fresh-thrs-hed sanip!es were taken
off pretty readily at au advance of Is. per qr., but in south
country or foreign little was done, ho den being unwilling
to accept the terms offered. Upon Flour we raise our quo.
Gallons fully la. per sa k, the best household' heing readily
placed at 38e. per sack, but in some cases extra marks are
held for even more money, and where this is the case Mathieu is
checked. Rye stationary. Set et malting Barley may be written
Is. dearer, extra Chevalier making 33,, but other sorts are
without the least improvement. Malt rather more inquired
for. Beans and Peas rather lower. Having again a very
large supply of Oats from the growers, a clearance could only
ba effected by submitting ton ch. cline of Is. per qr., with which
reduction our farmen complied very unwillingly. We have
no alteration to note in the duti • this week. The
present prices: Wheat, British, Northumberland, old, white
Ma. to 5".. ; red, 521. to 55e. ; new, white, 545. to 575. ; red,
60s. to 55e. ; Norfolk anti Suffolk, new, white, 54e. to I
; red, s*.Lincolnshire, new. white, 545. to
671.; red, 51s. to 645. Rye, Norfolk and Suffolk, 255.
ts 325. Barley Norfolk and Suffolk, 2Ss. to 31s.
Chevalier, 30s. to,
33.; Northumberland sand Scotch, 264.
to 298.; Chevalier, 28s. to 31s. ; grinding and distilling, 2.5 a. to
28s. Malt, 60s. to 5 Is. • Chevalier, 525. to 565. Oats,
Northumberland and Scotch, potato, new, 225. to '2ls. ;
common and Angus, new, 20s. to 225. Peas white, boilers,
38s. to 425. ; grey and maple, 38s. to 40i. Beans, new,
84s. to 38. a. Flour, per wick, fine, Stockton and Nor-
thumberland, 38s. to 40s. ; Norfolk, white, 38s. to 40s. ;
households, 365. to 38.. • seconds, 31s. to 371. ; households,
325. to 35a ; thirds, 28;. to 32.5. ; households, 265. to 325.
Wheat, foreign, Dantsic and Konigsberg, white, 665. to
110 a. ; red, 6438. to 645. Silesian, white, 665. to 60s, ;
red, 531. to 554. Mecklenburg and Pomeranian, white,
665. to 60s. ; red, 545. to 565. Hamburg, Marks, and
Anhalt, white, 61s. to yes. ; red, 525. to 645. Kiel and
Holstein, white, 528. to 565. ; red, 60s. to 625. Petersburg
and Archangel, red, 40s. to 465. Odessa, red, 465. to 48s.
Polish, red, 475. to 501. Rye, Russian, 2.61. to 30s. Barley,
Seal, 30.. to 325. ; Pomeranian and Holstein, 265. to 305.
Oats, Dutch Brew, 21s. to 235. ; Pomeranian, feed, 18a. to
Holstein end Danish, 16s. to 180. Archangel and
Riga, 178. to 191. Peas, white, 365. to; 395. Flour, per
barrel of 196 lb., United States and Canada. duty paid,
265. to 28s. The arrivals this week are : Wheat,
480. Rye, 22. Barley, 130. Oata, 210 ; foreign, coaatwise,
606.
Peas, 349. Beans, coastwise, 2 ; foreign, 69 qrs. Flour,
1,520 sacks.
Nawroier, March 18,-Our market to-day was well sup-
plied with grain. Best samples of Wheat fetched la. per qr.
over last week's prices; inferior qualities without alteration.
Best samples of Barley sold readily, at Is. advance. Oats,
Beane, and Peas without alteration. Flour, 38s. to 40s. per
sack.
NORWICH, March 18.-We had a good offer of Wheat
far sale to-day from the farmers, and prices ruled la. per qr.
advance on hat week's rates. Flour waa in request, at 6d.
per sack more money. Barley met a free sale, at fully last
week's prices. Beans remain the same, and a dull sale.
Peas without alteration in value. Oats were nominally the
same, but difficult to quit, and but little business transacted.
White Wheat, 565. to 581. per qr. ; red, 51s. tuna, Barley,
malting, 30s. to 328. ; grir.&ne, 255. to 285.; 36s. to
40s. ; Peas, 365. to 395. ; Oats, 225. to 265. ; Flour, per
sack of 2801 b., f.o.b. 35e. to 365., wh one month's credit,
and purchasers finding sacks; retailit,
2s. per stone.

for Saturday's Mooltete.see

IMPERIAL PARLIAMENT.
ELECTION COMMITTEES.—EATURDAY.
ATLISBUST.—Mr. Thiss, for the sitting member,
occupied the whole of the sitting with his summing up.
Dannr.—The committee on this petition eat for the
first time on Saturday. Mr. Cbilden in the chair. The
charges are bribery aid treating against the sitting mem-
bers, Meows. Strutt and Gower. The bribery is alleged to
have been practised in the shape of head money, distributed
in • manner peculiar to Derby. The mode was to put voter;
" on the committee," and pay them tire shillings a day Mr
their Nervier,. The amount charged to have been paid te
certain of the freemen of Derby in
this way was 255. per
MM.. Direct treating is also r!lliargrcd
yvittoldonsewoiratshts.nvicei.turiese

relieving been opened by f. ••
were called and exesnineA to prove the allegations.
DUNDALK.—DECISION.—The scrutiny was pro-
ceeded with, and three votes having been struck MC lstr.
M'Tavish's proll, the Committee closed its lshours by de-
claring Mr. J. Turrensid•Cullagh to be duly elected.

PARLIAMENTARY PAPER.
HOUSE OF COMMONS (133).—SLAVE-TRADE.
—lt appears from thou returns that in the month of June
we had on the mast of Africa for the stipprosion of the
slave trade 24 ships of war (of all elasses) carrying an nggre-
gate of 209 guns, and manned by 2.781 mon. The estimated
cost of this armament for the year 1846 was—Wagee and
victuals, 220,2331.; wear and tear of hul,s, masts, yards, rig-
ging, and stores. 49.1131. ; wear and tear of machinery of
steam-vessels, 17.7901. ; cost of coals, 14.2871. ; in all,
301,6231. The French had at the same time 23 ships of war
and 3 transports on the station, carrying 216 guns. The
e
numbr of men waroteen asoartained. The U States
had two ships o bone carrying 22, and the other 10
guns.

the Orpre'so.

MAILS.
The mails for Vigo, Oporto, Lisbon, lEslelra, Didira and Gibraltar
will be made up no the morning of the 27th March.
The Weet India Midis, including Bermuda, Natedu, Havanna,d
Mta
Honduras, New (es, Vera Cruz, Tampico, and Porto Rico, Lin
excluding those for Madeira Jaemel, Cartbagena, Santo Martha,
Charms, Panama., Vint Coat of South America, and st. Juan-de-
Nicaragua, will be made up on the morning of the 27th March.
The mails for New South Wales, Van Diemen 's !Anil, and New
Zealand will be made up on the evenine of the 31st March.
The mails for the W, st Cast of Africa and Madeira will be made
tm on the evening of the hot March.
The overland mails for Gihraltur, Malts, Greece, the lonian Islands,
F44(pt, Aden, Ceylon, India, liong-Koag. and Pal via Southamp-
ton, will he made up on the morning of th. 3rd April.
The malls for the Brazil., the ltirer Mate, Monte Video, r
oc be
Bahia, Madeira, and Buenos Ape', will bo made up on the
evening of the 4th April.
The overland diced mails, via Marseilles, to the Mediterraneon,
Egypt, Aden, Ceylon, India, llong-liong, &c., will be made up on the
evening of the 24th Aped.
Tbe mulls far British North America, Berniud a, and the United
State*, will be made up en the evening of the 24th April.

NOTICE.
The number of STAMPS issued to the DAILY NEWS
by the authorities of the Stamp-office, during 1847, was:
From JAN. 1, to DEC. 31 •••• 3,447,009
This, we believe, is within eight per cent. of the .umber
issued to the Morning Herald, Morning Chronicle, and
Morning Post, ALL CET TOOFTIIEB
1Q addition to the above, issued to the DAILY NEWS,
Morning Paper. there were issued for the Evening Edition,
THE EXPRESS,
From JAN. 1, to Die. 31
Which was more, we believe, than were issued either to
the Globe or Standard, Evening Papers.

TO CORIOMONDENTS.
laemaata Intended f•e•Tbe apreaa,` Lesebra reaming paper roast
We boovarloaaarata. by Taro o'clock ea Ma day of puldicausa.

HtOtt WATLA AT LONDON BRIDGE.
Tots D•tMoalo.l3 We put 2; Afternooo, IN role pa. 2.
To ,V.l639l3—Moratug. po•t 1; Allornooo, 2 moo. yost 3.

LONDON, MONDAY, MARCH 20.
Tuts eve ning'e proceedings in the committee of
"apply will, in all likelihood, afford some insight into
the character and motives of the members who have
joined in the attempts previously made to modify the
ministerial budget. Hitherto the question his been,
shall a certain tax be imposed or not? To-night the
question will ho raised, shall a certain amount of ex-1
penaiture be incurred or not ? 'flic sincere friends of
a wise economy will, ot'ccurse, be found at the r posts,
striving to keep down expenditure to what is neces-
sary. They who have voted to keep down the amount
of taxation, but absent themselves, or desert their,
colours when their aid is needed to keep down expeurli-1
ture to a due proportion with the amount of taxation
which they have declared the country can bear, will
stand convicted ot being mere factious udversaiies of
government, endeavouring to impede its action tor
equivocal and sinister objects of their own.
The minorities in the divisions on the three
income tax motions have varied (tellers included)
only from 140 to 143; but the component parts
of these minorities have been considerably diver-
sified. Of the members in the minority of 143
on Mr. HOE,M AN'S motion for a more equitable
assessment of the income tax, only 80 voted for
Mr. Hume's motion to renew the grant of the
tax for one year only. There voted against Mr.
HUI(E'S motion 42 of Mr. Hoesuee's supporters ;
and 21 of them were absent from the division. These
defaulters consisted principally of such members of
the PEEL and RUSSELL parties as are remark-
able for occasionally asserting a will of their own ;
the gap caused in the ranks of the minority by their
defection was filled up chiefly with recruits from the
protectionist party. In Sir BENJAMIN Ilett's mi-
nority, for extending the income tax to Ireland—there
were only 47 of the members who voted both for
Mr. Husts.'s and Mr. HOR.SMAN'S motion ; but 17
(13 liberals, 3 Peelites, and 1 protectionist) of those
who, after supporting Mr. HoRSMAN, had shrunk
from supporting Mr. HUME, crept back to aid Sir
BENJAMIN HALT.. These divisions show that the
steady consistent supporters of an equitably assessed
income tax, and of its extension to all parts of the
United Kingdom alike, have been assisted occasion
ally by other classes of members. Fears—unrea-
sonable and exaggerated fears—fur the stability of the
ministry afford the most plausible interpretation ot
the wavering of some; a desire to injure the
ministry was not unlikely the actuating motive of
others. These suspicions may do both parties wrong ;
the deliberations of the committee of supply will, it
this be the case, afford them an opportunity to set
themselves right with the public.
A reflection on the absurdity of first voting minis-1
ters the taxes they ask, and then proceeding to examine
the items of expenditure which arc to render these
taxes necessary, has been forced upon the friends of
economy year after year by the slovenly proce-
dure of the House of Commons, until an im-
portant practical truth has contracted by frequent
repetition all the triteness of a common-place. The
renewal of the income tax (with all its inequality of
assessment) is as good as granted ; and to-night the
house which has granted it because ministers my it
is indispensable will for the first time begin to look
into some of those estimates which are to show whe-
ther its full amount is required or not. This putting
of the cart before the h. rse is on the present occasion
particularly offensive ; there is this year a super-
rotation of the petty tricks by which the passage of
the estimates through committee is accustomed to be
smoothed. The proposal to increase the cost of our
defensive establishments was so unpalatable that some
new device was felt to be necessary, to parry the first
burst of national indignation. The navy, army,
and ordnance estimates were referred to a
select committee. Has that committee reported ?
Will it report to-night? 'Would a report 16e1 on the
table of the House of Commons this evening enable
members to come to the discussion of the estimates'
with one single ray more of enlightenment than if
such a committee had never been appointed ? For
any practical use to be derived from the labours of
the committee there is no reason to regret this. No
committee ever elicits any information which its
members did not previously possess and wish to pub-
lish. Without such previous knowledge they cannot
put the proper questions; without such a desire to
impart their knowledge to others they will
not put them. The only members of the com-
mittee to which the defensive estimates have
been referred who possess the requisite knowledge to
elicit the truth from witnesses are the very officials
whose objects it is to prevent the truth from coming
I out. The committee will not be allowed to obtain any
insight into the essential vices of our defensive esta-
blishments. The estimates may be as effectually dis-
cussed without as with its report. But it is a rather
daring mockery of public opinion first to submit the
estimates to a select committee and then to set about
carrying them through the house without waiting for
that committee's report. The artifice by which time
has been gained to talk over some truculent members
s rather too transparent.
In taking up the estimates of the national de-
fensive establishments, it is to be hoped that our re-
presentatives will not allow themselves to be deluded
by cheese-paring illusory shows of retrenchment as
all their predecessors have been. It has been the

uniform practice with ministers, when the House of lowed up,and rendered of possible and universal work-
Commons was in a saving mood, to abate two or three ing—it may contribute to the regeneration of Ireland, it
hundred of the effective
next r sailors asked for, cannot alone do this. Its eocial results, to be reached,
and wait to get them put on year when the viz. are yet diatant and tedious, whilst to arrive at them
teems fit was over. A still more gross juggle has at all, demands continual effort and aiding of the legis-
often been played ; a dozen or soore of elsrbi have later., in collateral measures, which, we moot say, the
been dismissed from some office, which has thereby legislature has not the will, nor the government the
been rendered too weak-handed to overtake its power, to carry or enforce. The poorlaw, ss yet, has
work ; and, after a year or two as many new clerks have been but alms wrung, like a forced contribution,
been added, the discharged continuing to receive their from the reluctant rich, and received more as an insult
retiringallowances.Apretextof economyhasbeenmade than a boon by the thankless poor.
with which the
the caueeof ircreased expense and extended patronage. The poor-law, the nest
nor.
law
It is not by such miserable and deceptive pinching of government should rest contented. To discover the
the poor and laborious enip/ny4s that any effective measure that would content the Irish, would give se-
retrenchment is to be accomplished. The blow must be curity to the indigent peasant, and make the middle
struck at heads of departments and in high places. class put trust in the English government, we must
The army estimates supply us with an illustration. place ourselves in the position of the Irish at this
An efficer in the British army generally purchases moment. What is their uppermost, what their ob-
his commission, and when he is tired of holding it vious, thought It is, that, had they a legislature and
lw may sell it. By purchasing a commission he a government of their own, they might imitate the
obtains a certain income for lite if he conducts him- rest of Europe, and even England itself, in coercing
self with anything like common decency. During that government to grant those changes, those re-
the last thirty years the purchase of a commission in forms, that re-organisation, which would satisfy their
the army has differed little from a purchase in the interests and their pride.
Three per Cents. The buyer obtained in most in- Nor are these measures or this coercion always dis-
stances an annuity for the discharge of a nominal duty, agreeable to the government, which may propose the
and he might at any time sell it again for as much as one in consequence of being impelled by the other.
he gave at first. This has been found by aristocratic The liberal portion of most European governments
families, and rich parrenus who ape them, a conve- cannot but be delighted at the popular impulse
pieta mode of investing the portions of younger which enables them to do what otherwise
brothers, to whom the privilege of wearing a red were impossible. When we regard and enume-
coat offered an additional induoement. These pro- rate the measures for Ireland brought forward by
prietary classes preponderate in the two houses the government during the present session—timid,
of the legislature, and have a vested interest in little, peddling, nothings, of laws, mere nibblings at
keeping up a large army, in order that the reform, and
that
of improvement —we in-
number of holders of the red-coat three per cents. stand see, that what the government wants is not
may not be diminished. This explains how, in wisdom so much as power, to face the landlord in-
a time of profound peace, the nation is asked tercets and prejudices, to which in the present subtlivi-
to supply funds for the payment of s,o9scommiseioned "ion of parties the cabinet is forced to bow more than
officers on full-pay, and 3,461 commissioned officerson ever.
half-pay. The large array of privates and non-com- When we see these things, far from deprecating
mienioued officers must bo kept up to find an excuse that force of Irish discontent, we only wish that its
he maintaining so many officers ; and from the list force were stronger—that it were lees violent indeed,
of the half-pay gentlemen it would appear that even and extravagant and seditious, but more firm, more
our enormous army barely affords a pretext for half constitutional, and more commanding. There ought
the numr who wish o nvest their money as officers. to be at the present in Iris discontent a force which a
This evenng the t
navyi estimates take the preee- liberal government might h turn to the furtherance of
deuce, and, though purchase does not obtain in that its own designs and reforms, instead of joining the old
branch of the defensive force, the abuse of the half- tsries in its repression and in the making it the pre-
pay is still more glaring. There are at this moment text to check reform, to refuse concession, and to
on the half-pay list of the navy l 3) admirals of dif- coerce a suffering people, at the very time when the
ferent grades, 432 captains, 680 commanders, and complaints of grievance and oppression throughout
1,454 lieutenants. In addition to these there the rest of the world have become the language of tri-
are 48 rear-admirals and 131 captains enjoying umphant freedom and popular emancipation.
the benefit of retirement under the Admiralty
Circular of 31st August, 1846, and 50 captains
and 293 commanders under orders previously
r,.sued. The member" of every Board of Admiralty
are so anxious to gratify friends and relations by
getting young gentlemen on board ship, to put them
in the way of getting something, that they train far
more naval officers than they can use. The conse-
quence is that naval officers of all grades have induce-
ments held out to them to go on half-pay and make
room for the rising generation. Ships may be seen
commanded by juvenile scions of the aristocracy, or
is servile retainers, while able and competent officers,
devoid of a " connexion," beg in vain to be put upon
active service, and are condemned to unlearn their
profession on half-pay. It is in no small degree owing
to the desire to find remunerative employment in the
navy for hangers-on of men possessing political in-
fluence that we continue to be saddled with upwards
at 300,0001. per annum for the squadron on the West
Coast of Africa.
These facts show where the work of retrenchment
and reform in our defensive establishments ought to
be begun, if it is to be anything better than a sham
and a mockery. At all times the efficiency of navies
and armies has depended more upon the characters
than the numbers of the soldiery of all ranks com-
posing them. This is now more than ever the case
since the facilities of transport and the transmission of
intelligence have been so amazingly increased. A root
and branch reform of the abuses we have been indi-
cating would give us more economical and at the same
time more efficient defensive establishments.

TKE moat important of the liberal or revolutionary
movements now in progress is certainly that of Ger•
many, a country forming the very centre or nucleus
of Europe, and from its geographic position, in contact
and connexion with every race and every region.
Casting a glance over the political state and prospects
of foreign countries on the first day of the new year,
we remarked that liberal changes and advances had
hitherto been confined to the shores and extremities of
the European continent, w here despotism melted in free-
dom as it dipped into the sea ; that the great central
masses had preserved their perennial ice to the pre•
tient, but that now—
It was impossible to look at central Europe and listen to
the sounds which came from it, without perceiving the
symptoms of the great break up, al d hearing the cracks
which portend the final rending asunder of the ice of des-
potism. From the Baltic to the shores of Sicily, athwart
and in the midst of the very centre of Europe, the whole
surface is now in motion, one continued earthquake commu-
nicating its shocks from nnrth to south. Prussia, Suony,
Bohemia, Bavaria, all the German states are breaking from
the demotic system. Switzerland more energetically still
and Italy—need we depict its state ?
Ten weeks ago we were thus nearer to the truth
than any living man could have supposed. Germany
was stirring of itself, when the earthquake which
overwhelmed monarchy in France communicated
its shocks beyond the Rhine. The state of Germany
does not indeed ill resemble a city visited by an earth-
quake, where the people rush forth from their abodes,
and especially from palaces arid temples, lest they
should be smothered in the ruins. SI do the great
rush forth from their old monarchic and aristocratic
edifices, and mingle with the people in the public
ST. PATRICK'S day has passed off in Ireland with- squares and streets, finding the popular crowd the
out any of that seditious and serious disturbance which safest place of refuge.
was feared. Enieute on the other aide of the chan- We must contees our desires for Germany to be,
nil, as on this, has proved abortive. And it would that the shock may be considerable, and the crumb-
have proved equally abortive in Paris, had the govern- ling of superannuated structures great. For its politi-
ment of that country never allowed the middle classes cal institutions form a perfect museum of absurdity.
to ,e mpathise and be of one sentiment with the lower It has become essential to the peace and independence
in opposition to the government, and abhorrence of of Europe that Germany should become united,
the s) sum which ruled them. should be a nation, a nation capable of common effort,
In England there is no minister, at least no and animated by a common sentiment. And what-
liberal minister, who could for a moment forget this ever concessions of despotic and aristocratic privileges
great constitutional maxim. But it is not so certain may be necessary for this ought to be made with bold-
that even Whig statesmen are sufficiently convinced sees disinterestedness, and courage.
of the necessity of its observance with regard to Ire- There arc some truths revealed, even in the few
land. We hear rumours of ministerial intentions to- events which have yet marked the German revolu-
wards that country, which, even as rumours, create Lion, which cannot but have great influence on the
anxiety. We hear of prosecutions, of the project of councils and decisions of its statesmen. One is, that
changing the present conciliating and popular viceroy in none of the smaller German states has the Bove-
, for a military one, and of the imagined necessity of reign been able to oppose the least resistanle to pspu-
treating Ireland, as Canada was treated some time lar demands. In there small states the military fa so
since, more as the field of future strategic operations blended and familiar with the citizen that he will not
I than of civilian and pacific improvements, act against him. The example of the Bavarian soldiers
We cannot but deprecate and exclaim against any in all the riots shows this, and what is passing in the
policy with respect to Ireland so dangerous and so other states corroborates it. The only safety, therefore,
wrong. Admitting all the ultra turbulence of certain for monarchy or for governments retaining a due
classes, the manifestos of calculated treason, degree of power lies in the absorption of smaller
burlesquely spouted by certain demagogues—is not states, and the foundation of one large empire, obe-
all this the natural effervescence of such a moment ? dient to a common head.
At a time when not only the French have over- The exact nature of the aristocratical and popular
thrown a tyrannical government, and the Germans hist tutions, byand through which the chief of the Ger-
have forced their several autocrats to concession, but manic empire or confederation could work, is not ob-
when countries in the very position and relation of vious. 'rho so-called German confederation has
Ireland towards England—when Sicily has flung off hitherto been not like the North American govern-
theyokeof Naples, demanding andenforcingsepamtion ment, a union of states, but a union of governments.
—when Hungary throws the same defiance in the It has been a congress (a timid and inefficient one it
face of Austria—and when the liberal press, not only must be confessed) of German princes not to
of Europe but of England, applauds these acts of sue- represent their respective states, but mutually
ceasful rebellion,—is it possible that the Irish should to support each other against their peoples.
not be stirred by such examples, and by the joy and The president of a real German United States is
approbation with which they are welcomed ? indicated by the power and intelligence of one pre-
The present is an epoch of universal concession eminent German people. But envoys or charg,is
made by kings and governments to their subjects. In d'eiffaires of the different sovereigns, even though
almost all instances the concessions are generous, are they were plenipotentiaries, would make but an in-
salutary, are wise. And yet in scarcely one instance different and sadly hampered senate or House of,
durst the sovereign or his government have made Lords; and where is the second Clamber, or Chamber
these concessions unless they were wrung from the of Deputies, or House of Commons to come from? 1
hai.d of power by the menacesof a united and clamorous In reading the resolutions passed in many towns of
people. The popular turbulence, therefore, which pre- Germany in favour of a "German parliament," and
veils at present is the happiest event which the civil and conciliatory answers of princes to ad.
could befal Europe. It breaks the chain of dresses based upon them, the first question that
despotism, removes the overshadowing of bigotry, occurs is always, " How are the Commons to be re-
will sweep away the obstruction of a feudal aristo- presented in this parliament ?"
cracy, and convert and blend the few insignificant This is a question to be decided by the Germans
knots of liberal societies throughout the world into themselves, who, without being supposed more clear-
one large international, liberal European public. sighted in matters of political theory, may fairly be
This is nut a moment, then, to make Ireland the assumed to know more intimately the pressure and
one great exception to the rest of Europe and of the balance of existing powers among themselves. The
world. On the contrary, we deem this the fittest mo- popular wish has of late spoken out, ratr vaguely
ment for giving to the great MOSS of the Irish population it is true, yet not equivocally. De facto, he
the territo-
something analogous to those large boons which even rial sovereignty of every existing German monarch is
foreign sovereigns are wise enough to fling out a rank usurpation. One and all of them were origi-
to appease popular discontent. Politicians in this natty feudatories of the empire, and their crowns are
country are too apt to consider that the affairs neither more nor less than rewards of successful re-
of these realms are quite apart and remote from those hellion.
of the rest of the world—they are too apt to take it for If a head is to be again given toesident the Geor rman
granted that English rule is always liberal, and that people—whether under the name of pr em-
every fair degree of freedom and advantage has been peror—their proper place would be occupying the
extended to subjects in provincial populations. It is bench of the high nobility or princes in the Diet of the
time, however, for Englishmen generallyto admit, that empire, with the mediatised princes, to whom has been
although such may have been their intentions, at least reserved the right of intermarriage with crowned
of late years, to Ireland, such has not yet been the heads, sitting beside them. An arrangement ap-
result. There are millions of people in Ireland in preaching to this has been proposed by more than
indigence and insecurity, at open war with the state one member of the mediatised families ; coupled with
of society, with the law, and with the government a suggestion that in future the quality of noble
under which, they live, and we might add with the should only be inherited by one of each family, as in
church, the wealth and ascendancy of which poor the English peerage. And speculations respecting
spiritual envy into the bodily sores of poverty. the contingent absorption of Germany into one state,
In any state of the world, but especially amidst the by the gradual extinction of existing sovereign
unsettled state which must prevail in Europe for families, which have appeared frequently of late in
many years, to leave the Irish population as it is, is more than one German journal, point in the same
impossible. The advent of a single regiment of direction. Such an aristocracy, with eking (hereditary
foreign foes would suffice to raise the discontented or elective), associating to itself a house of represent&
millions of Ireland in insurrection. To awe these tives chosen by the people from the various districts
millions into quiet, even whilst Europe respects of Germany, would impart to that country. an unity
our shores, requires a greater force and larger of organisation in addition to the unity of opinion and
expenditure than England will long consent sentiment which already pervades it.
to pay. Common prudence, therefore, if not justice, We fear, however, that such radical results as
demands for Ireland some large, and novel, and effi- these are not to be obtained front even the congress
cient messare--some such measure as will satisfy a of German powers wisely convened by Prussia to
revolutionary epoch, and inspire at least the middle meet at Dresden. The German people must express
classes of Irish at once, if not as yet the lower their sentiments louder and more emphatically than
class, with the confidence that an English govern- they have yet done. And they may do so with
ment durst, and can, apply a remedy, equal to the temper and confidence, since what they unanimously
evil, and equal to the occasion. agree upon must be listened to. In the actual state
The present government has certainly achieved one of Europe the first thought of German sore-
great measure for Ireland—a measure of wisdom and of reigns must be that of national defence, and national
justice—we mean the poor-law. But this measure has defence cannot be organised or hoped for without
never been popular withanypexty,and however—if fol- national satisfaction and support. It is for the