The Express.
London, England, 1848-02-09 00:00:00

THE EXPRESS, WEDNESDAY EVENING, FEBRUARY 9, 1848.

Juetfoss is mops raktlng to county rate*. flea. 1.1
Males of not lei titan twenty-one years seised of or
in possessioa of lauds, tc., or equitably entitled to
their ruts, Mate dear yearly value of 61. starling, may act
as juaties.motutten too:malty rates. Bee. 2. They
are to be 'lustiet§ s county rats," tad,
u far as r
there extend, are to enjoy the privileges of
they
of the peace. S. 3. They ars to take an oath that they are
duly qualified, and the oaths of allegiance, au , and
abjuration. Sec. 4. Any penes acting without quali Hon
incurs a penalty of 601. for every time ha acts. Bee. 6. Peers
of parliament, members of the privy council, and members
of parliament, may act without local qualification. Bee. 6.
Justices of county rates are disqualified by becoming insol-
vent. Bee. 7. The an does not extend to fimtland.
(54.)—KAFFIR WAR.—CAPE OF GOOD HOPE.—
Estimate of the sums that will probably be required for this
war during the years 1846.7 and 1817-8, beyond the ordi-
nary pante for army and navy services.— hor year ending
March 31, 1847, 620,0001. ; for year ending March 31, 1848,
680,0001. • in all, 1,100,111.
(63.) kICHEQUER BlLLB.—Accoant of Exchequer
Bills raised or authorised to be raised and charged on the
aids or supplies of 1848. The sum total is 18,310,7001. To
the amount of 216,0001. has been paid in money out of the
surplus of ways and means in 1847 ; and 149.0001. have
been paid off in money in 1847 by the commissionen for
the reduction of the national debt ; there remains to be pro-
vided for in the present year the amount of 17,946,5001.
(64.) linasime-lltrrca LOAN.—There was paid in
1847 of interest on sinking fond 6,250 8.; of interest on the
debt 8.50,000 6. ' • due Jan. 1, 1848,17,000,000 ft. The re-
payments at the rate of exchange when they were made
amounted to 92,8721. le. 9d.; Mr. Pemberton, agent for
paying the loan, was paid 3001.; In all 93,1721. Is. 9d.
(55.) NE.W HOUsEB Cl' PARLIAMENT,—Mr. Barry
reports that the peers' and commons' libraries, the peers' re-
freshment rooms, and the offices attached thereto, and the
olden for the clerk of the crown, may be occupied prior to
the Easter recess. The committee rooms and corridors of
the one-pair story in the river front might bare been com-
pleted by Easter if the rooms had not been required for use
at the commencement of the present session. There are at
present 1,399 men employed on the works of the New
Pekoe : 776 at the building ; 120 at the quarries ; 33.5 at
the government works at Thames-bank on the joiners' work
and wood carving ; and 168 on miscellaneous works at the
buildings and elsewhere.
PAPER presented by her Majesty's commands to
both houses.—Accession of the Grand Duke of Oldenburg
(signed at Hanover, Dec. 28, 1847), to the convention be-
tween Great Britain and Hanover, for the establishment of
international copyright.
(751) (of 1847). CLASSIFIED AssraAcrs of the
numbers of elector* in the counties, cities, and boroughs of
Great Britain fur the year 1846. The total of registered
electors in 1846 was as follows:
Counties. Ours and Boroughs Total.
England
Walea
Scotland

Totals 361,329
There were 320,645 ten-pound voters in the cities and
boroughs of England, Wales, and Scotland:-101. and not
exceeding 151., 90,149; 151. and not exceeding 201., 46,632;
201. and not exceeding 2.51., 31,697 ; 2.51 and not exceeding
301., 24,884; 301. and net exceeding 401., 32,641 ; 401. and
not exceeding 50/., 21,181 ; 501. and not exceeding 701.,
23,071; 701. and not exceeding 100!.,1:5,585; exceeding 1001.,
21,619. There were in the boroughs of England and Wales
7,701 seot.and.lot voters, and 2,597 potwallopers. There
were in the counties of England and Wales 108,795 Chandos-
clause electors. There were in the counties of Suotland 1,709
urvivors of the old paper voters.

ght erpreo.

MAILS

The mails for British North America. Bermuda. sad the UMW,
otateso will be made up on the evening of the Ilth February.
The West India Mails, corbeling Bermuda, Naaau, Havanna,
Ilondurae, New Orleans, Vera Cruz, Tampico, and Porto Rico, and
including those for Madeira, 'acme], llerthagena, Santa Martha,
Lliagrea, Panama, West Coast of south America, and hi. Juan-de.
Nicaragua, will be made up on the morning of the 17th February.
The reads for Vigo, °port°, 1.1,03011, Madeira, Cadiz, and Gibraltar
will be made up on the lawmen of the 17th February.
Tbe overland nulls for Gibraltar, Malta,tireece, the lonian islands
Egypt, Aden, Ceylon, I !long-Kong, And China, ma SouUmmplon
will be made up on the morning of the 20th February.
The rude for New South Wales, Vsn inemen's Land, sad New
Zealand will be made up on the evening of the 27th February.
The overland dined mats, rue Marseilles, to tbe Mediterranean
Egypt, Aden, Ceylon, India, Hong Kong, ac., will be made up on the
reaming of the 24th Yebrain7.
The mails for the Weet Coast of Africa and Madeira will be made
ap on the evening of the 2Mh February.
The mail for the Brazils, the Kiser Platt, Monte Video, Perinea.
boar, Bahia, Madeira, and Bueum Ayres, will be made up on the
evening ul the 4th March.

demo, and of contradiction to prophecy. WAR-
Burma proved to his own satisfaction that
Inflates scheme, which Mr. COCHRANE now
eulogises, was opposed to the will of Pro-
vidence; but he did not go so far as to aigoe that it
had prevailed against that obstacle. Mr. NEWDEGATE
may comfort himself by the reflection, that if the
Jews aro destined never to sit in parliament, they
never will sit there, however wide the doors are
opened for their admission. The best way to try the
experiment iv, to offer no human impediment to the
innovation, but to trait to the divine prohibition.
But those who have recourse to religion to supersede
reason and help out their rhetoric, are seldom con-
tent to quote and alter oracles, without taking active
steps for fulfilling them. It is impossible to suppose
that even dilettanti statesmen are influenced by such
arguments as they offer to others. Their votes are
founded on prejudice, and sometimes on caprice—
their reasons are such as their ingenuity can after-
wards furnish.
- - -

Of the opponents of the bill in the first night's de- I
bate, LordTdartos alone kept dear of obvious falla-
cies. Mr. STAFFORD, with all his cleverness, was
reduoed to the singularly bathetic argument, that
Jews will be liable to lose their places on the benches
of the house, even when they are admitted within
the bar. The tickets which secure a special place
for the evening, allege that the members who deposit
no
them have been present at prayers. low, says Mr.
STAFFORD, can a Jew be present at ',ere, or say
that he has been present? He iht as well at
once swallow the formula of the akin ' n oath. Ho
will be allowed to sit indeed; but be will have no
seat provided. Such are the materials fbr a future
Jewish agitation which Mr. STAFFORD discovers.
Without meeting the difficulty, we are perfectly jus-
tified in postponing the consideration of it. When
tke ingenuity of the house has failed to discover some
method of providing Mr. ROTHSCHILD with a Boat, it
will be time for the advocates of the Jews to attack,
and for Mr. STAFFORD to defend, an arrangement,
which will then form the last relic of religious in-
tolerance.
These who think that religions feeling is all on one
side in the dispute, may be gratified, if of an exci-
table temperament, with Mr. SIIEIL'B denunciation of
'the "fiend" Ik.LINGBROKE, who certainly, if not
in common parlance a fiend, was a more formidable
' enemy to Christianity than the great Hebrew capitalists
of the present day. For cooler reasoners the speech
of the member for the city of Oxford will contain
much instruction and satisfaction. It is impossible to
mistake the thoroughly religious tone of Mr. Woon's
reasoning, or to suppose that his repudiation of the
principles of sectarian exclusiveness arises from in-
difference. His investigation of the popular saying,
that Christianity is parcel of the law of the land, de-
serves particular attention. Ile showed that when
such a rule was really in force, it involved the recog.
nition of the church as co-extensive with the state;
and that, in the judicial decisions of HALE and Lord
HARDWICEE, it must be confined to the matter imme-
diately subject to their cognizance. The maxim, as enun-
ciated by Chief Justice HALE, would, in the opinion of
CoLentlx;e, if it had emanated from a Unitarian di-
vine instead of from a Puritan lawyer, have met with
the contempt which it deserved. In the particular
case, howeve-, there could be no doubt that an insult
to the prevailing religion of the country was an out-
rage which called for judicial interference; and it may
fairly be argued that, as long as the laws against Unita-
rians were in force, some kind of Christianity did in fact
enjoy a legal authority in England. We can hardly
suppose that Lord HARDWICKE'S decision would be
affirmed in the present day. There is no doubt, we
apprehend, that a bequest of personalty for the educa-
tion of Jews would now be held perfectly valid.
However this may be, judges can at most make laws
necessary to decide questions that come before them.
Extra judicial expressions of opinion are not to guide
the constitutional practice of the country. Within
the last few days, the members of a court which will
not take notice without due proof or allegation that
Dublin is in Ireland, have been heard to declare from
the bench theit opinions on church polemics and on
ecclesiastical history ; but we hope that the world is
still at liberty to exercise its own judgment on theo-
logy and on literature.
Mr. WOOD very wisely and logically admitted that
the same principle which requires the admission of
the Jews to Parliament, would extend, if the circum-
stances were the same, to persons of all other religious
persuasions. He reminded the house that parlia-
ment has expressly recognised the perfect political
equality of the thousand religions of Iridia. A Ma-
hometan may. as far as the la* is c 'rimmed, be
governor-general ; and a Buddhist commander of the
forces. If we choose to live among heathens, or if
we allow Jews to live among ourselves, we disclaim
the pretension to form a religious oligarchy. In the
meantime, as a Jew has been elected to parliament,
and there is no reasonable probability that a Maho-
metan will be elected, the practical objections to
Islam cannot well be pressed against the present mea-
sure. In the last century, indeed, a mussulman
prince returned several members to parliament by the
aid of nomination boroughs; and One member now in
the house is said to be the salaried agent of a Malt-
ratta : but if such arrangements are objectionable,
they are not precluded by the establishment of reli-
gious tests,which only affect the personal qualifications
of members of the legislature.
At the same time that argument on the one side,
and twaddle on the other, were co operating so effi-
ciently in the task of weakening the positions of reli-
gious exclusiveness, Lord LAN,DOWNE gave notice
in the House of Lords of a measure for legalising
diplomatic relations with the court of Rome. We are
glad that the government has the courage to deal
with this phantom of an imaginary absurdity. It is
tolerably certain that there is at present notes' which
precludes so rational a proceeding in terms; and Lord
blisro's long residence at Rome makes it certain that
there is no impediment in substance to the closest
diplomatic intercourse with the Vatican. But a
fiction, the existence of which is itself a fiction, is
quite as dear as a fact to a large class of agitators and
alarmists. The practice of nearly two centuries has
given to the law against " communion" with Rome
an interpretation, of which the words themselves
scarcely admit. Since the revolution, no English
minister has been formally accredited to Rome,
though the POPE has at one time been taken under
our special protection, and is now in constant habits
of confidential intercourse with a member of the
cabinet. Exeter Hall will not fail to bray at the
formal recognition of a state of things which neces-
sarily exists ; and protestants will be told that if the
rtates of the church are supposed to exist in the map,
the religious aad national independence of Great
Britain is at an end.

Lord LANSDOWNE need not prepare himself against
argument. Re must long ago have been familiar
with the no-popery mania in all its forms ; and he
must know that it neither uses nor listens to reason-
ing. Ile may throw in its teeth our Soonite friend
the Sultan, our Shihite friend the Shah, our embas-
sies to the latitudinarian empire of China, our patron-
age of Rajahs who worship twenty different forms
of Siva or of Vishnu. No-Popery will but repent its
cry--no communion with Rome. It is a matter for
voting rather than for arguing ; and we hope that in
both houses the friends of common tense will show
that they form a majority.
At the same time we would caution the public
against expecting too great results from the establish-
ment of a public acquaintance with the Pope. We
know him indeed perfectly well at present ; but we
affect to cat him when we meet him in the street. It
will be much more convenient to adapt our conduct to
the actual state of things. We are, however, far from
supposing that by such a step we shall get rid of all
undue papal pretensions, or secure an efficient check on
turbulent Romish ecclesiastics. A dozen different re-
scripts from the Vatican have enjoined abstinence from
political agitation on the Irish prelates : but the
M‘HALEs and O'HIGGINSES respect Rome only when
it supports their views. The court of Rome itself
will often have views of ecclesiastical aggrandise-
ment inconsistent with oar policy ; and may not
always be willing, even if it were able, to check the
sectarian violence of its spiritual subjects. Rut for
this very reason it is important to secure the right
and opportunity of remonstrance. An unfriendly or
bigoted Pope will have no excuse for acting on false
or exaggerated statements of our conduct and policy,
when it is represented to him by an authorised inter-
preter.
It will be necessary in carrying out the measure, to
remove any suspicion which catholics may entertain
that it is intended to make use of the Pope as an in-
strument for destroying their religious freedom. It
will also be right to secure Protestants against any
encroachments of a foreign power in the kingdom,
under pretext of diplomatic missions. The establish-

ment of an. English minister at Rome will be easy
enough. Lord Muer° has only, like the beefeater in
the Critic, to unbutton his coat of official reserve, and
exhibitbeneath it the waistcoat of an ambassador. Bat
the minister of Rome in England must have simply
diplomatic functions. Rome has been in the habit of
combining diplomatic missions with spiritual jurisdic-
tion. Legates a latere presided in the councils of the
nations to whose sovereigns they were accredited. Even
nuncios are not, necessarily, simple messengers. The
last who held du t rank in Ireland, RIMUCCINI, made
himself the leader of the insurgent government.
There must be no such intrusion in these days. It
would be well, moreover, that an English or Irish sub-
ject should be excluded from the office. Italian priests
are less likely to interfere in domestic politics. There
can be no doubt that the government will willingly
consent to all reasonable precautions which may be
suggested for such purposes as these. To carry the
measure itself they will only require a little firmness
and patience.

IT was not to be expected, when all the world
were busy with a discussion on questions of currency
polemics, that Col. ToRRENS could hold his peace. Of
all living writers, he is unquestionably the man who
has the keenest relish for questions which admit of
endless attenuation; and justice compels us to add, that
he is without a rival in that peculiar faculty of abstruse
dissertation which very few people have the courage
to read, and still fewer the courage to profess that
they understand. It must be regarded as a misfor-
tune, equally affecting Col. TORKENS and his genera-
tion, that he has happened to flourish in an age when
the fame and the vocation of the sehoolmen are held
in very cheap estimation. Four centuries back, in
the days of DeNs SCOTUS, it is quite impossible to
overrate the brilliant success that he might have ob-
tained. In our own day, and amidst a
people wha have a strong predilection for
common sense, there is no escape from the distasteful
but very obvious fact, that the exhibitions of Colonel
TORRENS' peculiar faculty excite more amazement
than attention, and repel rather than satisfy intelli-
gent curiosity.
Ever since the events of the autumn we have
been expecting the advent of Colonel TORRENS'
exposition, and we were somewhat curious to be-
hold its bulk and pretensions. Of his indefatigable en•
thusiasm, and of his gift of interminable ratiocina-
tion, we were well assured; but whether the exube-
rance of his own energy, and the dignity of the
occasion, would lead him to entomb his illustra-
tions in a pamphlet or a volume, in one book
or in many, we were quite uncertain; at length our
expectations are fulfilled, and our surmises set at rest.
Within the last few days a corpulent pamphlet of 180 1
pages has issued from the press, intended as the
manifesto of Col. TORRENE to all the world in favour
and defence of the act of 1844, and especially desigr el
to inflict a merciless extermination upon the audacious
heresy which has called in question the creed upheld
by the valour and dialectics of so stout a champion.
That the book is not a quarto, instead of a bowl, tire,
is plainly an act of great self-denial; but if the mis-
sile be small, the contents are intended to be
of the most explosive description. As Mira sad sof
the provocative epistle of Bob Acres, " it don't look
like another letter ; it is a designing and malicious-
looking letter, and smells of gunpowder like a
soldier's pouch." It is to be regretted that
another passage from the same inimitable play is
equally applicable to this book of Col. TONRENS, for
we are quite sure that no man a ill peruse its frequent
sallies of rudeness, without recalling the excellent ad-
vice of the Irish baronet, "to remember, when you
meet your antagonist, to do everything in a
mild and agreeable way, and to let your courage be as
keen, but at the same time as polished, as your
sword." After all, it is by no means certain that Mr.
TOOKE, Mr. FULLARTON, and Mr. Wttsox, upon
whom the hottest portion of Col. Tomtess anger is
expended, will expire under the attack. The assault
is more furious than skilful, and the instances are not
a few where the only mischief occasioned by the hos-
tile shafts of Col. TORRENS is in their recoil upon
himself.

We never met with any publication which in-
eisted with so much emphasis and pertinacity upon
the full and literal doctrines of the currency hypo-
thesis. There is no abatement, not a single trace of
concession. Ever) thing ie discussed and defined in
the nomenclature of the ultra et ctof the hullioniets;

and greatly es Mr. RICARDO and his researches are
praised throughout the tract, we have considerable
doubts whether that acute but candid philosopher
would have felt himself safe in the custody of so
bigoted a disciple. The ambiguity occasioned by
the affected adherence to scieatific precision, is
quite disheartening. What, for example, can
be made of a man, who discards the in•
telligible phraseology of high and low prices,
to talk about the appreciation and depre-
ciation of the currency—who considers that the effects
of a bad harvest are better described by saying that
our domestic currency had departed from the par level
of continental currencies, instead of simply saying that
corn was scarce, that it was, therefore, dear, and that
large importations were undertaken to supply the defi-
ciency—or who insists that a rise of prices in
Yorkshire is to be spoken of, as a disturbance of the
equilibrium between the provincial and the metropo-
litan circulation, leading to an adverse exchange, as
regards London, between London and Yorkshire;
or, in other words, that the circulation of
London bears an agio compared with the
circulation of Leeds, and as far as we can under-
stand—to carry out the principle—that occasionally
the currency of Cheapaide may command a premium,
compared with the currency of Cornhill ?
Combining this repulsive and ambiguous vocabu-
lary with the constant recurrence of verbose and be-
wildering " cases " of hypothetical illustration—and
these two peculiarities constitute the merit or demerit
of Col. ToitaEss —there is no difficulty in attach-
ing a rational meaning to the horror which his
name excites among ordinary readers, nor in com-
prehending how it is that so acute a person should
have written eo many books to so small a purpose.
The present design of Colonel TORRENS appears,
at first, to have been twofold, viz , to defend the pre-
sent Bank charter, and to expound his own peculiar
canons of currency ; but his plan has been so imper-
fectly prepared that the first object—beyond all com-
parison the more important of the two—is, in a great
measure, set aside by his zeal on behalf of the second.
The opponents of the present system have no cause
to grumble with such an arrangement, but those who
desire the retention of the two departments of
the Bank will scarcely fail to say something
about the unlucky and unwise distribution of
the contents of the pamphlet. They will be apt
to think that the prevalent suspicion which accuses
the upholders of the law with having nothing to
allege in its defence will not be removed by the
appearance of an octavo volume by the writer sup-
posed to be the most skilful of the sect, in which a
discursive inquiry occupies the place of what should
have been a pertinent and vigorous defence.
In strict truth, almost the whole of the justifica-
tion put forward by Col. TORIMNS is confined to
the reiteration of the impudent figment, that the
act has been perfectly successful because the notes
out of the issue department have conformed to
the changes in the bullion. In other words, he justi-
fies the act by confounding, under the term circula-
tion, the notes which have been really circulated, and
which are in the hands of the public, with those
which lie idle in the drawers of the banking depart-
ment, and which have not been circulated at all.
Now, this is a kind of logic which it is difficult to
describe without the use of flat and uncourteous epi-
theta. It has been given up as desperate by the more
circumspect colleagues of Colonel TORRE:VS Sir
Cnsutes Wool) and Mr. F. BARING have
both been anxious to vindicate their common
sense from the imputation of holding so gross
a dogma. But passing over that circumstance, let as
see by what ingenuity it is again revived. Here is
the syllogism. The banking department is the same
as any ordinary banking house—the reserve of the
banking department is therefore the same as any
ordinary banking reserve; ordinary banking reserves
are part of the circulation—therefore the reserve of
the banking department is part of the circulation ;
and this cannot be denied, unless it be main-
tained that all banking reserves must be ex-
cluded from the circulation. Very well : then we
beg to say that according to Colonel Toitaaas'
cardinal postulates, this is precisely what should
be done; all banking reserves should be excluded
from the circulation. Col. TORRENS' notion of circu-
lation is of something which, by coming in eontact
with commodities, regulates prices. He says it is the
" essence" of circulation to determine prices. Than
do banking reserves come in contact with commodi-

ties 1 Do bankers carry on the trade of merchants
and shopkeepers? The ordinary belief is gaits to
the contrary. Bat Col. Tortiteas* will say, hoo.
reserves do affect prices, inasmuch as upon ti;4
amount depends the quantity of hotel 'dna*
$y the bankers to the merchants. Rot, if
banker has a reserve of 10,0001. in notes, sad
lends a merchant 3,000 f. in notes, are prices in coo,
sequence of that transaction affected to the extent of
the five or the ten thousand? Surely to the extent
of the 6,0001. only. If that be true, then hank.
ing reserves only affect prices to the extent to which
they are actually issued to people who deal in prime.
in other words, all that part of these reserves which
remains quiescent with the banker does not come
contact with commodities, does not therefore affsot
prices, and cannot therefore be an integral punka of
that circulation of which Col. TORRENB tells us it is
the "essence, to determine prices.

This is a deduction upon CaL Toratems' own Oa.
ciples: for ourselves, we do not profess to hold any
such extravagant opinions respecting the circulation;
and we are quite content, with the explanation jot
given, to leave Col. TORRENte great discovery in be.
half of the unlucky statute of INI-1 to pass for what
is worth.

ROME, Jar. 2s.
The news from Palermo will long since hale
reached you, but you can have no idea of the joy aid
excitement thereaneut here. People go out for seam
to meet the courier on the Via Appia, and eau&
ordinary supplements are issued hourly by our semi.
papers. Poor old Lord Mount Edgcumbe, who h
gout-ridden, had bombshells sent Into his run
and his servant killed : he is now, with in the
English residents of Palermo, huddled together ea
board the steamer Bulldog. The poltroonery of the
Neapolitan forces, and the determined conduct of the
steam men and woman, are the theme of all circles,
In the list of voluntary gifts of the sinews of err to
carry out their purpose of nationality, the Bellew
tines of the town figure for 4301., and, str:::
say, the Palermitan Jesuits for 300/. • I.
Some light seems to have dawned on the father,
in that island. The grand feature of this
outbreak is the possession of artillery on the side of
the patriots, over forty or fifty pieces of ordnance
having been secured by their leaders, and they Trade
prisoners in the onset of over 100 artillerymen, whom
they have got to work their guns. The importance
of this accessory in warfare is fully felt by the Ito.
mans, who hailed the other day with delight the
present sent them by the ladies of Genoa, • small
eadeau of two 12-pounders in brass. At the review
of seven battalions of oar civic guard on the broad
square of St. John Lateran yesterday, with the cry of
" Long live the Pope ! " suddenly arose, and was re-
echoed to the skies, the shout of" Long live the men
of Palermo." Let us hope that we shall have to re.
cord a permanent result for that long•uppressed,
island.

SeicUides mus:r majora ranemu,..

A most vigorous article was published yesterday,
under the heading "No Masks, but Cannous " call-
ing on the Romans to forego this year the expensive
tomfooleries of the Carnival, and consecrate the money
annually lavished on buffoon displays to the purchase
of a dozen more field-pieces. The hint is likely to
be adopted ; for, now that the citizens feel themselves
to be treated like men and rational beings, they have
assumed the tastes and bearing of such, and scorn the
grovelling merriment of slaves.
Poor old Roothaan, the General of the Jesuits, is sore
sick in body and at heart; and, should the order bold
a general congress for a successor, it is to be hoped
they will come to some determination of abandoning
the cause of obscurantism in southern Europe, and
swim on the surging tide of popular amelioration.
We are moving onward in the path of reform
and good government with a dignified, slow, bat
steady pace. To proceed with deliberate and solemn
step is the characteristic of Roman statesmanship,
and such has ever been the march of her leading
minds in the important matter of church government
over Christendom. It is not without cause that our
town is called the eternal city. No one is in a hurry
here, and we take no account of time. The very
genius of the place is a spirit of enduring permanency,
and hence the difficulty of removing old abuses and
reconciling the inveterate habit to salutary change.
As an instance of bow much the god Terminus rules
in Rome, and how little liable an established thing is
to alteration I can mention that not only the house
and the baker's shop, but even the identical marble
counter and the scales are to be seen in full operation
this week, just in the same state as they were when,
over 300 years ago Raphael's Fortiorisa *old penny
rolls across that counter,and a succession of bakers and
baker maidens has never ceased to officiate therein.
The almost invisible inscription over the plinth of the
door was carved by Raphael's own hand, " TRAHIT
SVA QVEMOVE VOLVPTAS." The family of
Prince Massimo (our famous postmaster) have lived
on the same spot where the Palazzo Massimo stands,
in the Via dei Maseinsi, for the last 000 years! When
I was a student at the University here, a quarter of a
century ago (I am ashamed to own as much), I used
to frequent, with the other collegi ins, a large esta-
blishment for dining in Via Condatti. There were
ten waiters attending the various rooms 25 years ago,
and on looking into the concern the other day I re-
cognised eight of the ten still extant! The two others
waited there no longer, because—they were dead.
This remindeth me of .‘lfred Tennyson's philosophic
remarks on the immovable peculiarity of the head
waiter at the Cock in Fleet-street. But then his was
a " single captive " :

Head waiter of the chophowe here fro( Moo wilt mon from
To nhieh I moot ro,ort. hence,
too, mo.t prat. I hold thee dtar The vbere thy fate alh ;
For that good plot of port. Thy laurr 4.. y.. Wens- d with
For thio thou shalt from all thing* pence,
muck Go down among the pot..
Marrow of mirth and laughter : Thou higt.....t by tly, greaq gleam
And wher,oeser thou more, good In tlOUnti tummy .Ir.nen• .
luck Old hole. larded with the 40003
Shall girt'{ her old .hoc after. Of thirty thutnetrid thnnor.
TesNtoox'- top. 11.. page P.O.

The students of the Universi'y assisted at a solemn
high mass in their collegiate chapel for their brethren
slain at the university town of Pavia. They had
crape and cypress branches. Some of the crowded
assembly, observing the presence of Father Gavazzi,
a celebrated piete.Nier, surrounded him, and carrying
him on their shoulders up into the pulpit, ordered him
to preach a funeral sermon for the fallen. Whereupon
the orator broke forth into a most splendid improvi-
sation, and stirred up the souls of his young auditory
to a pitch of devotional as well as patriotic fervour.
The celebrated Herr Keller, the posture-master,
whose poses plastiques and company of performers
met such approval among the people of your metro-
polis, is making a rich harvest here. They have corn-
pelledihim, however, to " widen his phylacteries," and
put a little more drapery on his troop of nym?hs.

FRANCE,—PARIS, FEB. 7.—COUNT MORTIF.B.—
About a month ago, the physicians charged to examine
Count Monier bad reported that, considering the state of
his mind, he ought not to be removed from the mourns do
sane.. in which he had been confined. On Saturday last the
physicians presented a second report, in which they state,
tint, that Count Mortier is affected with partial mental
alienation ; second, that this alienation cmisirts in believing
himself the object of implacable hatred ; third, that 11,i• idea
leads him to adopt determinations of vengeance and fstil re-
solutions ; and tourth, that Count Mortier must be coon-
' dered as a dangerous lunatic. The report enters at some
length into a disquisition on the count's mental malady. It is
stated, for example, that his mental affliction does not pre-
vent him from understanding, and even discussing with
great art, the questions which concern him; the di-ease is of
a peculiar nature, influencing what are called the senti-
ments, and in consequence perverting the judgment, causing
false ideas to be conceived, and conducting to desperate reso-
lutions. Thus the count imagines that be is the object of
violent hatred, and that it is desired to make hint appear
mad, in order that his skin, as he says, may be taken from
him. He complains of wanting everything, food and even
air, whilst the fact is, that he is supplied with all that he
i can require. He however rejects much of what is offered
to him, and will not indicate other objects which he would
prefer. "Ah !" he cries, "if I were one day to write my
memoirs, and tell my sufferings, the tortures of Sylvio
Pellioo would be nothing compared to what I suffer here
He says that the government fears that he will divulge
"state secrets," and therefore wants to cause him to be
considered mad : that he has recornised an emissary of
M. Guirot among the physicians who had visited him; that
IL °snot has adopted the resolution of making him pass for
mad without having examined him; that the Chancellor is
influenced by hatred towards him; that in the scene of the
Hotel Chatham the Prefect of Police had gashed him for-
ward, and now felt that he had gone too far to retreat. The
physicians set forth in their report that the accusations
against the Chancellor and the Prefect of Police are
the result of a sort of mirage, an effect of the mental
alienation of the count. In entering into explanations
respecting his wife, he contradicts himself by ad-
mitting that circumstances, which he formerly de-
scribed as positive, are uncertain. He persists In
declaring that the letter to his wife threatening to kill
his children and himself was only written to cause her to
come to the hotel. He pretends that his wife flagrantly con-
tralti heaK when she says that he was desirous of kill-
ing trup. memo him, and then himself. " 1 could not do

both !" be cries, " aor
pelt! Let ber choose ••,
When told that there
Gore positive that th. • e
that Count Mortis"' is
die often, it says, seri •
girdsrribed to be terriole,
sissisfre.

1 The Queen and l'
Prince of Wales, P
Princess Al?,ic and ri
' It
Duke and Duchess rkl,
Idensdorff, left Wind- r 4
The party occupied it' 1
by a detachment of the
Slough station of the
tt special train for the F.
The Queen wit;
afternoon, at three o'.

A deputation fr.
houses in the pariah o•
the fever hospital in. h
an interview with yi.,
of Colonelds and 1.01 s
W. L. F •
G. Grey Y"te!"7'
A deputation front
waanufacturers, ycomo..
of Dorset, Wilts, and
proposed South West,
had an interview v
yesterday, at the. offic,
mentorild Unalllololl,
at Shaftesbury, on T 0..,
A deputation, co
man), Mr. T. Bruahli,
sG
Church, Spitalfield.),
(hike*, had an blur
Majesty's Woods and 0,

COMMERCIAL
ral meeting was held yo
fur the purpose of tilii
tioo, occasioned by the
Henry Caulfield, and
bald, Air. Wm. Cooper,
in their stead.—The C
he felt great pleasure .0
had been most ',Wisha tot
last. They had existed
tentous ; indeed, he
been such remarkabl.
ribs, stock, and all
past year. They hals
had had Exchequer B
they had had t era
articles of commerce, 1,111
declined in value froi
eumstances the mans ten
liar caution, and he ..as
even in October or Novl
in Weir balance ahoy,. 10
of last year. Ile had gn
last half-year the pro-, in
responding period of 1811
been less, the higher
It could not have
been free from in
they had gone th ani
of no importance.
much leas than might
the state of the market
done by the bank. in
nate. Foreseeing in sot
directors had, in th.• sat
aiderable amount cm Et
be enabled to meet he
accommodation and sash
since replaced the whole
leas than they had sold
enabled to add somethin
the concern. Since :he
progress had contirvied
had during the month
amounts. The statems
applause, and was a, km
chairman and direct. rs.

METROPOLITAN 1)
meeting was held at tt'i
(granted gratuitous by
of the Poor Man's Caen
lanthropic Anociatii n.
fuge in Leicester-sou ire,
Toe meeting, the lar .74
was but Unfit,. eta
Charles Cochrsse w
the proceeding. of the
duty had devolved upon
was prevented by a pr or a
present. The noble led,
that he cordially m topat
societies by which tots •
rivery day good, wholesc
to 960 poor persons, tan
that the societies sto
In this respect they
complain during th. w
nishLd by the pull c.
guineas to 15 guinea
fallen efr, still the s. oe
pursuing their present ci
which at present prevaill
palling. The w,nrFbot
crowded state, and tie
aight on the pavan. it i
they could not get a I '
de.titution were met •
pith which the auth rct
the new poor-law.

—y to appeal t ,
olished in LAIC, tet
.ropolis.—The C•t ar
ttributed 201., an., 7
imated that a don kti
ae Royal Al
. by makin •
ipathies of tl • p
Aldis in e
resolution o
destitutiot. n
Height, ar•t
ng kind ti
haunt., ei

Jgs o 1.1
crim-,
cunt, e Ih
human, se
%mil) pi

I lc

Ne, dli
le • ay
unite

fee ab,e-
in r, ie
the witte
expel, es
e by th• dl
unetie, pl
• every ue

kitish 1 ,h 1
tll
4' the pr. e
petlti.on •rc
`le auerd .n
'Jeep 1. ,k
.41 I . •
sing b ea

Or
the p ol
los at • ,e,
ae purp
the w-
said thAti
It vest.
sington • A
prevent
`station .If
legal •
oh of Me
of the h
hear Ili •
(to-morn 0)
Mr.
was :a

. pve a gen. ra
rom its origin t
trio Third, to its enth
veinal increase by .V
Ow, it Was a pope' sr
*akin attached to it
aleiency which it
severed by the extra a
--an articles payinit
osmeequence—in ad.!i
WWI th would be yi
WU • material pas
lei promised that
it consequence, a
polen, which had pre,
Seim time after this a
wow so opened wta
*me Lord Althorp
witith could only be
woes commissioner
his especial notice.
proposed measure wt .e
paper press for their .2
Daft News, in wht
dap ago—he believed
hesitation in saying
wrlllim on the sub,* •
Indebted to that pup
Austin seconded
that in the report
had been no alltudo:v
Adored to he a mater. a 1
adaissera bad req I

7.--s..
merchant,
is claim to
Y. bank;._
upon en,
I advainot
Rut, if
notes, and
ices in con.
e extent of
the extent
then hank,
at to which
el in prime;
t
•I'Vell Which
not come M self'
m both
. scribed
garde t hirop
rrisr
i.ehT
iii:„kb:'... m
..,C oleiiiest oaii....b:::Ated:tlitbl Queen
v thati
el' cries,
is
.r.: s
reoti.,,,cbliiteshi
nails
tin,i,h° °I
elfe rne .
s'
_:::d pct hail: a:r.:,
I.
‘'..'.t,'::!.
bienadorff, left Wind- r
refure affect•
al Portia of
Ii
us it is
s' own prig-
o hold any
circulation;
t
iio:"E;nt
dhtebunjeref.tictßesedi.eeAji°scrsofitheinnry.hateitalabsEl:l.
very in bn, , Ttbb
.8.
afternoon,
special Yol hoeuATlius
..,:flgt hvee
zw redetachment
it stationti
rnnyaih,eticunw teedeputationecfptuohr n
dPoititfeh::dwii
nhybfoitirreol 'i.i: I. . .
of the Woods and Fm •
Colonel W. L. F. .
G. Ore] yesterday, a'
A deputation front
; itanufacturrs, yconur,
; of Dorset, Wilts, and
' proposed South West.
, and extge. vil, had an interview
yesterday, at the office .
)3' our aews.
memorial unanienous,v
übui As le ' at Shaftesbury, on Tu. .
) has hem, A deputation, co i
with all ei, man), Mr. T. Brushfi. :
together la Church, Spitalfield.), . .
enery of the Oilkm, bad an int. rvi
Majesty's Woods and
of till circle., - -
we of warts COMMERCIAL IL S
rat meeting was held y
atm: for the purpose of tilai
V. ' i tioo, occasioned by the
Henry
_Caulfield, and
bald, Mr. Wm. Cooper,
re of We in their stead.—The ('
a the side of he fr It great pleasure .n
of ordnance had been meet Wisha op
id they Trade last. They had existed
tentous ; indeed, he Ail
ymen, whom been such remarkabl. c
• itnportanoe tines, stock, and all , •
r. by the Ito. • put year. They tie
. delight the had had Exchequer :
they had had t e
noa, a small articles of commerce, et
it the review declined in value fro, t
m the broad cumstances the mane Pr •
th the cry of liar caution, and he
and was re- even in October or Nov
in their balance above li
live the men
of last year. lie had g
ill have to re- last half-year the grit-s p
og-oppressed responding period of ISI
been less, the higher int
. It could not have be
1 yesterday, been free from in
they had gone th au;
touts' " call- of no importance.
to expensive much leas than migh•
to the money the state of the market
the purchase done by the bank. in
is likely to nate. Foreseeing in • •
directors had, in th.• ea
1 themselves siderable amount of E
s, they have be enabled to meet he
nd scorn the accommodation and ass'
since replaced the whole
leas than they had sold
esuits, is sore . enabled to add somethi
le order hold the concern. Since :he
to be hoped progress had contin..cd
' abandoning had during the month
FAirope, and accounts. The state ~
applause, and was a, kn.
ioration. chairman and direct. rs.
1 of reform METROPOLITAN I) '
I, slow, bat meeting was held at Wil .
and solemn (granted gratuitous by t
itesmanship, of the Pour Man's Goa
lanthrupic Avociati, n,
her leading
fuge in Leico.....r-squ ire,
government The meeting, the lar •er
use that our was but thinly att..,el
s in a hurry Charles Cochrese a ~
.. The very the proceeding. of the
duty had devolved upon
Permanency, wasprevented by a pr or
1 abuses and present. The noble hard,
try change that he cordially s) nips
minus rules societies by which tots
led thing is every day good, whol
to 960 poor persons, an.
Y the house l that the societies stn .1 i
tical marble In this respect they
ill operation ' complain during th, w
were when, nislu.d by the publ c.
sold penny guineas to 15 guinea.
fallen off, still the s, 'le
f bakers and pursuing their present.
ite therein. which at present per
dinth of the palling. The won ho
" Tit AHIT crowded state, and tie
• family of night on the pavem. it i
they could not get a I ..'
Lave lived ille.titution were Met
into stands, with which the auth el
mire! W'hen et the new poor-Ise.
quarter of a Seceasary to appeal I .
.c.h), I used Stabli.hed in Leic. to
Setrupolia.—The Cl air
large eats- tributed 201., an., y
There were timated that a don itt
5 years ago, i at the It, yal Al
r day I re- ncluded by main •
d sympathies of ti • p
e two others hich were conlami .a
Iv dead. Mir Charles Aldis ut v
I philosophic minded, a resolution o
of the head warty and destitutio, n
then his was attained, a height, ar I
Bloat alarming kind t
Serous workhouses, -
.•,• en,: then the maladministrati. 'i •
Ste MUM, ; des and sufferings o
Auras- d with that mendicity, mina ~
be a tearful extent, r d'a',
the iota.ova.r clean, teethed by a human, • .
ary .iraneo , Son, and temporaril)
Oh the 4(9). of Christian medist i. n
,d them., . ilmolution was pow.' u
li.. page 1t.3.
Rev.•
at a solemn lroere4 by the t
union work Ile
h• ta
eir brethren of the Distressed No. dl
They had !Erect : " That the a U.
the crowded goicester-square, un tr•
employment for el, e-
n]. Gavazzi, Went service in r, in
end carrying poor during the wi, to
ordered him Of the heavy expel. es
Whereupon these societies by the d
did improvi- venom., this mien.. p
end refuge by every
mg auditory «meetly recommeni A
is fervour. generous British 1 lb
store-master, agreed to for the pm c
' performers tare of a petitien •,r
your Illeteo- Soled byrthtoesiezard pt. :11;
ey have corn- tine so oppo•ed t . a
ecteries," and d thanks having b• ea
nym?hs. parated.
ABOLITION' ()I' II
tepayers of the p is
MORTIF.B.—
Id last evening at • to
id to examine
hare, fur the pure or
the state of r: seal of the w• 4.
R aid , and said that
the MOISOIS li6 opted by the vest.
airday last the d Mr. Luahington .o
ich they state, ons. The present as,
partial mental Ting the petition ..-I
sin believing elf• rally. Delegat .
, that this idea ith the parish of NI
e and fatal tv- Chancellor of the h
must be coma- hoped to hear 11.
enters et some Thursday (to-morn v)
I malady. It is upen hint.— Mr. 1..
n does not pre- is., which was to
iscussing with presented to parliaro n
he di-ease is of without which no 10.1,i •
lied the send- deeded to give a gery
tment, causing tae, from its origin i'
desperate reso- the Third, to its era.
is the object of gertual increase by .'
ke him appear OW, it was a pope: in
be taken from chum attached to it,
food and even aleiency which it -- .
rich all that he Mewed by the extra ...
what is offered --ell articles paying
'filch be would eameequence—in ad,i •
ay to write my with would be ei
ures of Sylvio Wee a material pun
I suffer here:" lad promised that
.e will divulge it consequence, a
ass him to be pagella, which had p
a emissary of items time after this a
ted him; that wow so opened win
tg him pass for *Ma Lord Althorp •
. Chancellor is Ai* could only be , o
e scene of the wain commissioner • i
asked him for- hi especial notice. .1.
p retreat. The proposed measure w. ie
Pe accusations press for their ••2
if Police are News, in whet .
f the mental days ago--he beliem.i
explanations bedletion in saying
mil by ad- wrielem on the sub •
formerly de- imighted to that pup
. persists In XL Austin seconded
tenang to kill that in the report
cause her to had been no aaksio:t
tagrantly con. adared to ha a mater.
sirous of kill- ishaismers bad req • •
I could not do

With which the auth m
et the new poor-L..
Seceasary to appeal I .
'astablished in Leic, I
ligetropolia.—The Cl ,
fd tributed 20f., an.,
timated that a don t
, at the Real,y
neluded by main ,
tympathies of tt •
hich were contemi .
Mr Charles Aldin en •
GOnded, a resolution
testy and destitutior
attained a height, ar
Most alarming kind
serous workhouses,
Ste nuladministrath.
den and sufferings o
that mendicity, Coin)
Ile a tearful extent, e
nedied by a human,
Son, and temporaril)
Of Christian mediati.
Otoolution was pose..
by the Rev. I
roereet union workh•
elf the Distressed No.
des. " That the.
Leiceatcr-square, un
employment for at.
Sent service in t.
poor during the wi.
Of the heavy expel.
three societies by th.
persona, this mtetin.
end refuge by every
earnestly recommen.
generous British i
agreed to for the pr,
tare of a petition •
Soled byr to sleepthe d
~
tine so oppo.ed t
d thanks haring b
panted.
ABOLITION' or
tepayers of the p
Id last evening at •
care, fur the purp
repal of the w•
sided, and said th
opted by ,he vest.
d Mr. Luahington
ons. The preterit
vine the petition
en. rally. Delegat
ith the parish of '
Chancellor of the
hoped to hear 11.
Thursday (to-morr,
upon him, Mr.
tiem, which was
presented to parliara
without which no an.
deeded to give a gen.
Is:, from ita origin I,
—.. . . .

both!" he cries, " and therefore my wife contradicts her-
o! let her choose to which statement she will adhere !"
When told that there is really no contradiction, he becomes
ion positive tbst there ie. The report concludes by stating
deeet Mauer a verbose and probe in his explanations.
jp, ogee, it says, scratches his head violently, and then re•
aards his finger nails with great attention. Hie glans* is de-
to be vernole, and, to use the word of the physicians,