The Express.
London, England, 1865-07-11 00:00:00

THE EXPRESS, TUESDAY r

Brunet. We bare nothing 4 goggrot
obbee of comment or addiKa►.t
inclpd by one whose, for fa
far tom's sake—we mast call
leave the task of
Tlhsral CHANCILLOI7ITha
discriminating appreciation of
az-Secretary of State.

kw=
eimesraidie

woman+,
feature presented yesterday by one of our cannon.
pantries. It is to the Conservative pries that we
ordinarily turn for the reports of the election
speeches of the Conservative leaders, and when we
consider the important position which Lord
SUNLIT holds in the party, whether by descent,
by character, sod by former official rank, it wee
only natural to expect that the Standard would
have given the fullest ant meat accurate version
of his speech at King's Lynn. On compat:ng,
however, our own report with that of the
Conservative journal, we discover that the
latter altogether omits • considerable portion
of the address, and our astonishment is indefi-
nitely libel:mead when we find that these
omissions are not confined to any one part, but
that they are mattered over the whole speech, and
occur consistently wherever there is any laudatory
mention of the Government measures. The reader
who judged of Lord STANLIIIT'S views merely by
the Standard's version of them would be wholly
igaorant that he had adopted Mr. GLADIMOMeII
estimate of the surplus, that he had praised the
policy of doing away with minor customs duties,
that he attached little importance to the inequali-
ties in the income tax, that he refused
to give malt any precedence, in respect of reduc-
tion of duty, over tea or sugar, that he approved of
the Union Chargeability Act, or that he is prepared
to unmuzzle the Roman Catholic members of Par-
liament. We have no thew of them minima
to propcee ; we leave the fact to the lodgment of
an impartial public. We knew before that Lord
STANLBY is II man of truth and candour, and thls
speech--a testimony to the soundness of the policy
of the Government —derives a peculiar value from
the time of its delivery. We trust that it has
been read by evert elector who will this day re-
cord his vote.

Wilms the wooden thrones are being erected in
our thoroughfares to the " sovereignty of the
" people," let us pause for a moment to take •
neighbourly look at the Corps Ldgislatif, which
has just brought a more than usually laborious and
interesting session to a close. Our frienes over
the water certainly manage their parlhmentary
proceedings in a way which to an English.
man appears as unlike as possible to parlia-
mentary forms and usages. To begin with ; the
term assigned by law—that ;s by Imperial
decree, for the duration of the session is three
months. The find ten or fifteen days
of the session are consumed in an our
✓aluation of the Speech from the Throne
by the committee appointed to draw up
the Address. Then, the debate on the Addresz,
instead of being en affair of torn, disposed of in
a single evening, is in fact the pike de reeistanet
of the seesion. Under the restriction wl 'eh
the Imperial constitution has imposed upon the
prerogative of the legislature, there is really no
other opportunity than this from first to last (except
perhaps, in • secondary and inOirect sense, the
Budget debat )), for • searching and tbnrough review
of the past policy of the Government, and • critical
admonitory expression of the sense of the country
as to the present direction and apparent tenden-
cies, and probable consequences of that policy in
time to come. Hence it is that the Opposition mino-
rity, very limited in number, but compact and
conscious of its moral strer3.b, findsit-elf compelled
from year to year to concentrate all its powers of
constitutional reistance, all its means of weaken-
ing and worrying the administration and stimuiatiog
public dimatisfaction, all its objections to the cha-
racter and course of the Government to which itowes
a formal allegiance, all its rein:niscenees and all its
hopes of better days, in a carefully prepared and
elaborate series of amendments, embodying so
many distinct accumulated grievances in a grand
annual remonstrance on every Minch of Lome,
and foreign, and financial affairs. On the
absent public liberties, on the ruinous budget
on the adventurous foreign expeditions, on
the whole system, in abort, of personal
government, with all its opprc-sions, its in-
quisitiona, and its irresponsibilities, some half-a-
dozen eloquent and courageous deputies say their
say once • year, and once • year orly ; for the:
bolo such a thing as putting a question to a
Minister on a notice paper. As soon as the de-
bate on the Address is over, the Government is at
its ease till next year. Any newsps; ar which
should dare to supply the place of parliamentary
criticism would infallibly mein a warning for
" exciting to the hatred and contempt of the
"Government." So evident is this that one of
the most respectable Liberal jourur's in the pro-
vinces has received two warnings within the last few
days on account of ai....01es which to the Opposition
speeches were as water unto wine. And the fact of
a journal having been thus warned within an
inch of its life (for a third warning involves sespen-
Ilion if not suppression) on the eve of the muni-
cipal elections, indicates pretty clearly the MINIS-
SLR of the Immune's interpretation of his recent
circular to the Prefects, recommending them not
to interfere with the freedom of the electors except
where the names of municipal candidates might be
used by political parties.
Nor is the conduct of the debates in the Corps
Legislatif less foreign to English parliamentary ideas.
But in this respect, at least, the President of the
Corps Legialatif differs from the President of the
Chamber of Deputies under the constitutional mo-
serehy, and from the President of the Legislative
.Aasembly under the Republic, rather in being nomi-
nated and appointed to his post by the Sovereign
than in his demeanour in the chair. To an English-
man's conception of the almost monntnental sanctity
of the SPIACIR'BI office, of the perfect dignity and
independence of his position, and the solemn respect
with which his voice on vety rare occasions is heard
in the House, pronouncing authoritatively on a point
of order, the behaviour of a French President seems
es ineengruons as the airs and graces of a light
comedian in the pulpit. Yet M. DO MOILWY did but
follow the tradition of all his predecessors when be,
I interrupted a member of the Opposition by an epi-
gram or a pun. Doubtless M. DI NODDY% epigrams
and puns, neat and pointed as they often were,
scarcely disguised enough the menace or the insult.
This was, perhaps, the fault of the function rather
than of the man. His successor, M. EICHNLIDIN
without M. Dl MOUNT'S art and gram, and sinister
affectation of extreme indulgence and good nature,
but with much more real personal courtesy and
I respect for the privileges of the Chamber, has, on
the whole, borne the honours of the Chair and
discharged its duties with dignified tact and mode-
'ration.
M. SCHNIDOZI, we believe, is a "self-made"
• large employer of labour, very highly re-
spected as a manufacturer, and altogether a any
creditable specimen of a French industrial espi.
Saha. He is devoted to the existing Govenroest,

pertly perhaps became it is the existing GOTOYD•
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depeadent of any government ; is no ass
speedster, or adventerer, or hangar ea ; and thes.
large interests he hes at Mk* in his own
enterprises and transactions make him sensible of
the advantages of parliamentary discussion moil
°Getz& Yet even this estimable President of
the Corps Legislatif is unable to escape from
the traditions of his Chair. He must needs
be for ever on the alert with his little
epigrammatic interruptions and his pointed little
ledures end warnings to Opposition Members
who trust themselves too far to the freedom of
debate. A few days since he closed the
session (for in France it is not the Sovereign,
but the Preiident of the Chamber who 1,
makes the Prorogation Speech, as we shouhl
call it) with a few well chosen and well delivered
sentences which impressed the Amelably
very favourably. His speech was more purer 1,
mentary and lets pm_onal in its tone than ear
'thing that ever fell from M. DX MOXNY on a similar
occasion. M. DX MOB.XY never could quite ds-',
amble his own intimate personal ideetification with
the Second Empire, and there was something like
the holiday familiarity of a muter with his pupils
in his manner of taking leave of his deputies. He
affected the most liberal pride in their privileges
and prerogatives, and the most liberal jealousy in
sustaining them ; but it was too evidently the pride
of one who had given and who could take them
away.
M. ScXXXIDIX, as a deputy who, altholgh
agreeable to the Government, is independent,
takes a different tone. He congratulates the
Chamber on their " Libations session," and
on the " powerful interest " which their de-
bates have excited in the country, and which
he complacently attributes to their "enlightened
" patriotism," and to the " entire freedom" which
they have enjoyed. Nor is this congratulatory
tone without justification. The session has lasted
newly five months, by repeated "Faro-
" gations ;" it has discussed the whole policy 1
of the Government with considerable severity.
It has arrested some obnoxious measures in
committee, before they had reached the stage
of public debate ; it hes actually rejected
one proposal of the Government—for rebuilding
the General Post office on another site ; and on
more than one question the Opposition has
visibly increased in numbers and in te-
nacity ; as many as fifty having recently
voted against a government bill. M. Scanswee
affirms with legitimate satisfaction, and, we be
Eine, with justice, that "at no period" (of course
he means since the Second Empire) have bills
" been examined more scrupulously and more in-
" dependently " than during this session ; and that
the "liberal character" of the laws which have
been pained, after mature study and warm die-
cession, has responded to public opinion. It is a
_smiling symptom that the President of the
bogie Legislatif should emphatiosly recognise
that liberal tendency of public opinion, which
the recent election of an independent Deputy
to M. DX MOILNY'S seat has impressed so vividly
and deeply on the Government that, it is said,
Count WALEWHICI, who had been designated for
the Presidency of the Corps Leg:slatif, hasher-. to
confront the chances of an electoral contest. The
Enrisoa surely knows England too well to taLt-
take the satisfaction which is felt on this side of
the water at the growing strength of constitutional
resistance in France for hostility to his dynasty or
his person. Englishmen have no other interest in
French politics than the interest in a neighbour's
pesos and happiness. It will be a happy day for
France and for Europe when NAPOLEON 111. 1
becomes as well persuaded as most Englishmen
are of the security, and strength, and stability, and
confidence in the future, which the habit of free
constitutional resistance to power, on the part of
the governed, and of sincere constitutional re-
sponsibility on the part of the ruler, by • mutual
action and counter-action, give to the nation and
the throne alike.

IT is doubtful whether any service which the
Emigration Commiasioners are called to render is
more useful than the presentation of a Report which
shows, onus a year, the number, origin, and desti-
nation of the hundreds of thousands of our
countrymen who yearly abandon these shores.
That great movement, which within a period of
fifty years, reckoning from the peace, ban carried
from these islands a population of more than five
millions and a half, is one which every Englishman
must watch with a certain amount of concern. We
may be glad that our energetic countrymen are
going where they will be more prosperous, but it is
not satisfactory to think that any place should
be better for them than the land of their birth.
157,476 persons have annually left this country on
an average of the last ten years. The largest num-
ber of emigrant. who left the United Kingdom
in one year was 368,764, the year being 1852.
The smallest number that left silica 1844 was
91,770 : that was in 1861, the first year of the
American war. It is, indeed, the extent of emigra-
tion to the United States which governs that of the
total emigration of any given year. The scale of
emigration to Australia was suddenly enlarged in
1848, when the numbers rose to 23,904, having
been leas than 5,000 in the previous year. It has
been maintained for the last ten yean at an aver-

--
age rate of 41,000. But it is still as nothing com-
pared with that to the American continent. Of
the 5,691,709 emigrants who left this country
between the years 1814 and 1864, as many as
4,706,075 went to America, 3,450,531 having
gone to the United States, and 1,255,544 to the
British American colonies. The emigration from
the United Kingdom is 1884 compared with that
of 1863 was-- _ _ .

Fo- Not
maga* Sootch . maw Dist Total
1.11611 . 61,24 15,210 116.331 7,833 =hul 211,755
1164 . 10,1111 16,086 115.411 16.90 6,877 MAO
Until the year 1834, the British American
colonies received a larger proportion of our emi-
grants than the United States ; but from that
year to 1847 the attractions of the latter country
preponderated. The Irish famine of 1847 led to
the exodus, and in the four years following the
famine the emigration to the United States was
enormously increased. Its proportions to that
which was directed to Canada ere shown by the
following figures :
1848. 1849. 1860. 1851.
trailed fitatet 183,253 219,450 22;078 262,357
Cass& 31,086 41.367 32,961 42,606

157,168 178,083 190,117 324,752
s stabs, sad apparently with

- -
reason, that " the cause" of this prelerenoe" was
" no doubt, in the brat instant*, the inability tithe
" British provinces to provide employment and
subriatenoe for the large number of Irish who
emigrated in the years immediately following the
"year 1847. The stream once directed to the
" United States eatithralag in the seize channel."