The Express.
London, England, 1848-11-08 00:00:00

THE EXPRESS, WEDNESDAY EVENING, NOVEMBER 8, 1848.

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do &Mimeo desired them to retire, they were to wager I
death without benefit of clergy. la rejoicing that the times
s 4 posed
dos to the hone ur.ll moms or Moss who, when the task was
Tore dangerous than now, had stood fonrard as the 1
auspices or popular rights, and had
spore:op themsolves
s tiu, pewit of a corrupt eosin rimming
swank by pronouncing a verdict of" Not guilty." It was
iris sam pietism' that he prnpos'd the tout, " Trial by
set, the great bulwark of British liberty.' The toast
was drank with mach cheering.
TM Cottle/WI thee gave, . The Memory Hardy,
3, Ilmoe Tooke, T. 'Heelers% J. A. Boany, Stewart Kyd,
8, Rodgers, T. Holeroft, J. Joyce. T. Wardle, Id. Moore,
j. New , and J. Ritchter," which, contrary to cus-
ps eras 'also drank with loud chum. " Tito=
0( the Scottish martyrs. Thomas Muir. J.
iii, Margaret, ryshe rimier, and W. Shining ; "
0 The memory of the London Coreerponding Society ;"
0 TM memory of the three jeers who aequitted Tooke and
ths rest of the accused, and of Bnkirie and Oibbs, their able
sad erateifout coons.' ;" " A radical reform of all clangs
lad • true representation of the British people in the Com-
mons' Home ot Parliament ;" " Success to the nations of
terope in their to to obtain constitutional liberty—
may the pour My enlightened public opitti•nt attain sad
wore to
their people the poseessioa of equal political and
tint rights;" and " The redid.d party in the Rows of Cum.
mons, and the healths of Mews Losbington and Williams:*
were subsequently given and acknowledged, and after the
eastomary compliment to the chairman the meeting sepa-
rated.

ClictAn b.—Yeetteda, the Broil of Health re-
mind repine of the following men : Lambeth, 7, 1 fatal ;
blinittoo, 3 fatal : Camberwell, 6 fatal ; Wandsworth, 1 ;
Ediebursh. 25, 13 fatal; Leith, 24, 4 fatal. Total new
mos. 61..7 fatal.
NIOSTALITY IN LONDON. —Tbis Res
rep istive...Genera.
rt, i..uet Ted/clay, 'Wren that the mortality of the
week, chilies Saturday last, Nov. 4, wee contideratily under
the aversve tat the meson. The deaths in the w
estructiveeek were
illy 1,115, the averse* befog 1,151. The she w
dime& s at the present time appear to be searlotins, typhus,
and cholera. In the themes, of fat.,l cans of tit:.
erect
lAtter
disease the following remarks by the olleas who regist
the deaths indicate the k:nd of places where cho'n
Hacke proves
most dangeroes. Mr. Montaigne, the mistier at ney,
says: " 'fhat the death ringrA cholera was that of the
daughter of • poor !labou man with a wife, and eight
other cLibleva, and only two rooms for the whole family.
The river Lea is is feast, and a block Oath runs cl we at the
back of the house, whWi comma the *ewes, from the
terraces on the top of the hill to the. river. The
ditch is uncovered, and at times the stench is wiry great."
M Beueca.l, the mistrar of St. Olave S sothwask, says :
Two nes in a house *intend at 6, Fineman's-
Rissellstreet, Soethwark, by the aide of which =no
place,
an open 'ewer, which receives til.) d'eryett offal of a fell.
merger's yard is the atighbouthood ; and it is the opinith
of Dr.
to the imedicel attendant, Mot this cji.c.amaace
'rented to produce the disease."—Mr. Nukes, the reeistrar
of Woolwich-dockyard (sub-distr:ct), says: *. Up to Thurs-
day kit so sew eases of cholera had occurred among the I
Mee% nor were any deaths registered, bat since that
time three convicts have died from diarrhea awl Asiatic
dolt' I, and would have both libeled's! in the week': retorts,
but the it quests have not yet been held. Two died yestm-
day and one tO.aar (Nov. 4). One of the git-rds end
;Mir persons employed is the canict ship have been
scathed with the disease, but ere coovelement Ido nut
hear of • single care in the tows." Pour fetal c am of
chola* ere retuned as having occurred in Peckhitn.honse
Lunatic Asylum.
PILISTCRS. PENNON SocliTT.—Lest tight a ge-
ment' needed et the committee nbeeribers to this society
was held at the Laudon Tama, Mr. Unity Ploy, of Bangor-
bee, in the chair —The report for the past year was stated
to be of ths most evidence, character. Although at the
eon cf the last e I ction there were .1.5 pensioners on the
funds, 5 beyond the original number contemplated, the &u-
-sual subscriptions hid been ni wo than sufficient to meet the
expenditure, which was partly attributable to the unusual
mortality which ha canned am mot the mishears, no
infer them 12 having died within the year, all at an
meted age, the Wirth of time they had been reliceed by the
see sty
very* from t 6
month. to 19 jean. making an =env
d 9 peme seek. A further addition of 4:101. fe.. 103. had, th
the Let year, been made to the landed property of the
meaty, making • total amount of 6,0141. 4s. 61. The num-
ber of petrebesn, includiug the Whittingbans pensioner. is
62 ; sod dote the formation of the society upwards of 150
aired and inks aser..birs of the Dodo have been relieved.
The total meow° ni the receipts for the last year, from all
wenn, was 1,3781. 35. 93., leaving 1171. 12s. 91. balance
is hand.
EARLY CLOSING AnooCTATlON.—Yeatertbiy a eery
Wee sad respectably-attended meeting of the niellbeff and
Meads of this association, wee held at the City of Loudon
Litevary and Scientific Institution, Aldersirete.street. The
Lord Mayor took toe chair, end was attended by WYVIIiaI in-
liseetial gentlemen arid traders of the metropolis. The
remedies+ were oper el by a short address host his lord-
ship, who stated hiv perfect accordance with the views of the
arociation for putting an 'mil to the late hears of btuinees.
Mit lordship further reminded the meeting that he had pee-
sid•ii over • similar one at Enter Hell in March Ltd,
and in oonelusiqn elllrmrd his belief that he could
not devote the last evening of hi year of afar*
to • better purpose the& that which had called
them together. The Secretary (Mr. Lilwall) them
read several letters from tradesmen, noblemen, and others,
all of whom expressed their approbation of the objects of the
emaciation. Amongst them were letters from the Bishop of
London, Baron Rothschild, Mr. Mastermith, M.P., and Mr.
litchi, of Leadenball.street. A series of resolutions, dicier.
story of the axial rights of the shorkeeping claws, and
explanatory or the Lu4(lllu of visidiu eh= three rights, were
thee pot by the Rev. Mr. Branch, On. Lankester and Guy,
and several other gentlemen, whose addre.ses In support of
the different molutions were highly applauded by the
audience. —The resolatioas were unanimously weed to.
METROPOLITAN 811WAGL MANORS (kiDI PANT.—
Yesterday the half-yearly meeting of the shareholders of
this oonspany.were held at the offices in Waterloo-plan,
Mr. Fowles an the obair. The secretary reed the report,
which, after referring to the feet of the emuspeny having
commenced actual and effective operations (es deseribed in
the engineers' report given below), west on to state that—
modeThem would works already laid down are calculated tome* an area whom
be competent to cover the entire cost of the =OM
eetalMehmeat, and yield a surplus of profit. But se the centaal
me
pewees wan net increase with the enlargement of the area of them=
opnelleen, it is evident that every =tendon will large =mei
Tour directors, however, do not proper to preened
brearillmeittesurt area in any directed!, Weft they eh= pes.
dm* Nee ft a rettatere esterase' that they will bon aid.
edit sumbren Is the new district to yied a =red pelt
epee fine met of the additionsl works required for iteireggly. Is
seesolme she this evolution, they are making the seareray kr
quires to satin whether en extender of their mane at DMus=
will int • aMoinat support in that district to iusely the 110
apes the respietary for that purpose; 'wt It is their MilseMes weft
underlie hunk= award that • certain and easagambla port MB
reed to the thartlirklers from the investment. Onlemperenesmilr
=hike am works your directors proceeded to mks*, nemen
anelpeleille with the commissioners of sewers for rider the sir
tesetwithe teem given to the ci.o=yoldtbsie
bat the emememeem thst they was
more alterations et dr sere Is the wish
Warm district, a..d that it lieu= sr be direshr he the
wawa: to ecestroet the erodes alowmay lee esuyt g the
amp to their ration and reamterestst bed derevalsol
epee *de plea. Year =WI= swift id= FPWIOOF Of
Odeon___ thst =ode but emir di berseas
thee/mew teemptey ask witleb laths lbssmobille laloff
the orbs= el Os ONO= Omsk Ossr,
_old& adds dr gorge
allearede et • wing weeds dr Ng the rid dr db. mit • rah
were dr helpers *obi dr dm trees the past sarolors
B=the or st eraser uses% Os peorteddlir et the earrilits
e7dlrelbellea s~oe amp dretpdss et bra sod
to rap Idol d peerp asap awl r lowaseestamay el
baled Me or her kr the weler.sert •• segsdrbret.
Ms abet Our et Moak Dr. Osa bi• belbee Isar board
*Ng erbbsetry ardsres tegare. Irish so
metre
sr kerbs hush err esnatieedire bud mein go
Mom thet year roses bar best d aleimbla reeler rice
le be plod dr rterallee la • Asap hem` seeks et thee
old he bremor• to the vereiree• Or abuts raise ,
71115essapmg. astothieredlig -ritsargled dliesides re
las% le rootme wasssolltd. tor Ur erre, reels bow
less art Ira wry eseenslibe -reortuality, ad the smut el N.
tars dab toe at the bet meting his elm helneelmeele Thal
directors, however, radar It their duty to stale dint the who
being completed it is thersiely worry that if mews et alb
doer be paid without farther delay, acct the oillskore haw been
b.
etioatei to take mommy legal stem to resew then strum
At
this Wig few of the directors pa oat try rotedesam :-6. C.
deart, Lea, et,T. Knee. Esq., F. . J.
Wanes, Who brft eligible elesegb=erim reelection.
with the eiceptiou of Mr. Orson, who reeks from the
dbeetion. The directors taring taken Isle remidention the
rat embrence to be derived from the reran en the based
d• nimas ebemig, and J. F.. Deem" like., Demonstrator of
Chadian es macs College, Wig ewsdeed, erl bares =premed
Ids willignien to-jan, it la recemmeeded dot he Mental • director
Is the plane et lir. Grant, who ie melee= One of the auditors,
O. Jere,Oq., deo In rotariesretires from fien, but ei die, otters
-meetre-eleeket —The report tort the melees (Mr. W. C.
111111,0, dated Om. to, odd: " Ors ths bat direr striae, en
Mrs sad hefty knee eri rude Ire boss error at the Smoky.
WWI= radon, god W wee Ms been =eke= by a briek wall on
pwesd purchased fee that pop= on the beak of th+ )(eminent
authorised by your am el parlimot• end a sufficient mien.
Ipipes have teen ladle theseveralreadeletereseting the Daher
to encompass a diarist dabout TOO new, the pipes Ming so
tuted that the cultivated mhos may be meshed h= the vari-
ous veleta by means of bole ce other plprod ea average range
of =out tel garde, and this es be effected under as average pressure
shout 63 fret. The Wag of the engine having been completed, it
has been set to work, and the sewage has been sal silted Into all the
main pit= and =vice% nod several satisfactory experiments have
taken place, the quantifies Avowable dbeing raised and distributed
being about 300 tees per ha= The roam from which the mirage is
dented be that or the Kensington Canal, through • Iti-inch pipe,
obi* alter math modem, ivy with the ,Ondosers of Sewers,
was weed to be placed in the bank for the porpoise of supple.= your
works. It may, therefore, be considend then the prcpmed scheme
for the sup ply or the Fullein.lielde district be been completed, with
:be excepti,en of a small extent of pipe .= am at pre u rat aquired.
The distnbut ion of the canal water my, therefore, be appiied, during
threesome season, In such a mauler mosey helmet deerahle." The
auditor's teport, showing the reeetpts to bamboos =deposit account,
4,1741. ;ali flirt call, 2,v121. ; mond mO. et, ; third tall, 5,47014
gagmen= in advance of galls, 1,073/. • seemeee account, Ma;
making • Pale: 300351. 3a; =I the =pieta= (inisive of pleb.
mentarymemmem. 7,7531. 13e. 10.1, perehme of lend, plant, ea,
7,1701. Se. IL), 111.3, 3e. 3d. ; leaving atelenee la head in favour
of thee:mew at 1„31310/. la. N. The lishilinee el the ocempeng
ollonnt to 10,1991. Ifs. gd., and tie mete to Imbrue et orb
1,2604. la 91. • Weir trot wO, with Interne shoe"
1,301. Gs. 10d: ; ditto, at mead edl, 4,4377.95. id. ; t=6l:.
third oil. 4.04 I= Id.; rent doe Me led, 134. •
12,092 f. 12a 3d. ; bilk, was to be added the vibe )almso mes.
Lure,
neutermine, bed, pip= kn. (Ises ir
=WM. ; maktag • teital of svna. lb. SL ; •
Wismar Mt= meow el 14,32 M. 19s. 9d., Or Site
tahr"fftd rwitingent liabilities :—had at Kew-bridge, . ; COM.
Iniesiows WeettellVleT improvement claim, ;
Miner of t,,5a41.19....k1. a net
The consequent motion that the report be adopted was fol-
lowed bv a very le sthened and stormy discussion, in the
coarse of which it was elicited that the recent misunder-
standing between the directors of the company and the so=
miationen of sewers hod been completely cleared up, and
that both parties were now on friendly terms. A question
was mooted as to whether the directors bad not acted iltc-

dally by seming to a compramire with the commimionen of
owns reeputing the Kesmingtem Canal, and the pipes laid
lbws nee fiessingshthier in theammines Creek Bawer ; and
It wes mated that a speed mast*: would be called within • ,
menta, he the mum paws se disenselng this quesetem. '
The rt wea then aewedimles: duals hubs hem
uln Mahe eitabusa, Gse gepgrat.s.
AhOillSOM or CHIIIIIMAa XlB.—Last nightts
Ammothis of deputatisas et tradesmen of all trades from M.
Lake,Mile-ead. Bt. Pancras Clare-market,
Southwark, lie representing several associations in thaw
neighbourhoods, held at the London Coffee-boues,
hill, for the purpose of affording tradesmen, in MI puts of
the metropolis, time and opportunity for uniting Szais,
suppressing the custom at the insular Christmas, OM ID I
adopt measures to carry that object into effect."
Ittinell
conversation took place as to the best plan to be
when a resolution was agreed to unaainsously, "that the
custom of giving Christmas hoses is Lajas% in principle, in-
jurious in menu, sad entails =eh a heavy tax upon iv:da-
wn that it ought to he abolished."
PUBLIC CHARITIES AND PUBLIC AND NOToRIOUS
ABOISIL—ST. CROSS. NUM —ls this
institution to be reformed or not ? For the last half century,
at intervals of ab .ut seven run, public attention has been
drawn:to the subject, and forthwith there has been an out-
cry, which honest simple people supposed nothing could re-
sist. There, however, it stands, bold sad shameless as ever ;
and I am only induced ones spin to test the public feeling by
the zeal sad ability with which the Erprcer has grappled
with like abuses of like institutions, and. in the hope that a
voice so powerful may make itself heard in high places ; and
even in parliament:—and to narliament we must appeal. St.
Cross, as you probably knew, is situated about ono mile and
a half from Winchester, in one of the moat delightful spots
in the vale of Itches. It is not only • noble institution, and
one of the most interesting and beautiful relies of ancient
piety and munificence in the kingdom : there is, besides,
• home and maintenance for pear brethrn, as they
aro called, now greatly reduced in number. The
poor and weary traveller can still demand his horn of
ale and slice of bread as he did seven centuries ago, when
village alehouses were weary distances apart, end poor-laws
and mei.dicity societies wereittot eves imagined. The hospital
was:founded by princely prelates inthellth and l2th °pigmies,
and richly endowed to maintain a number of brethren, to
adord partial support to • vast number of poor, and to fur-
nish rein aliment to the multitude of pilgrims and travellers
journeying in the south of England. The officers of the
hospital consist of a master, to be elected, I believe, from
the poor brethren, a chaplain, and steward ; and the salary
of the muter was, it is said, fixed at one-fifth of the income
of the hospital. If any increase took place in the value of
the endowments, the number of poor to be supported was to
be increased. The hospiail property would uow, if properly
managed, yield about 10,0001. or 12,0001. a year, and the
amount expended in charity is stout 1,0001. • year! Part
of the income arises from fines for the renewal ot lease.; and
a short time since as much as 12,8001. was pail for the re-
newal of a lease. The present muter is the Rev. the
Earl of Guildford. Out of every fine he receives
Ifs.lod. in the pound. Thus he received nearly 10,0001.
out of the 12,0001. just alluded to, so that his income is
more than four•tiftlis inidesd of onstlith, as originally in-
tnuled. Many en roans imagine hem the large sum which
the master appropriates, and the small sum devoted to
charity, that Ho mastership is an ecclesiastica benefice;
but that the hospital is in every respect • charity is evident,
because the Earl of Guildford claims exemytion from the
income tax, Inc the proceeds of its eudowments, on the
ground of its being • charitable butitation. The earl is
reputed to be wealthy, and holds setael valuable prefer-
ments in the church. Now I ask, through dou, of the
members fur the county of Hants, of the members for
the city of Winchester, shall such abuses continue ? lam
terry to ray that so far as the natural guardians and
protectory ot the poor in this locality are concerned, I seem
not wait far apply. Their abuses have continued for ages, and
they will continue. I thereLre ask the quanion of the in
dependant members—men not bound hand sad foot by local
courtesies ant influences—l ask Lord Duncan, who has done
on much, and with such reneveriag ability,towards unearth•
ing the foxes in the New Forest—but, and louder than
ell, I ask you, sir, who have no boldly aide! him and have
so nobly exposed abuses, wherever you have Lund them—
and I maw, r, with hope and satisfaction, they shall not—
U., Wumliesier.
SALE OF THE RtGENT-STREET COLONNADE.—
Yesterday, the elegant fluted east-iron columns whit
fora the colonnade in the Urgent-street Qoadrant, were
brought to the hammer by Meyers. leverstield and Horne, at
the Cali de Pane, Vine-street, by order ot Mr. Belk, the
contractor for the Quadrant improvement. The sale was well
attended, and the columns, which are of the Unman Doric
order, and stand 16 feet 3 inches high, were disposed of in
lota of s:z, f ur, Lod two each, at mires from 71. 6s. to
71. 10s. per column. The large granite plinths upon which
the pillars rest, were also sold, and realised 225. to 245. each.
By one of the conditions of sale, the whole of the coloonade
is to be cleared away within 12 days.
TESTIMONIAL TO THE POLICE.—The inhabitants
of Bothnal•green on Monday presented Inspector Waller
with a handsome ewcrd, in acknowledgment of that
officer's efficient services doting the chartist disturbances on
Boi.ner's fields. The sum remaining after the purchase
of the sword was divided among the men who served under
the inspector on the occasion referred to.
LXQUILOT, lESTEEDAT.—WIIITCOMB-STREET, LEI-
CUT ak-11QtAllt.—lieSare Mr. Mlle, at the Builders' Arms,
Comptu.strest, Burton-crescent, on the body of J. Lock,
aged 63, a Garen nter, who wan knocked down by an
omnibus, the propertyßennett, Chelsea,
while coming up Whitcomb. street at • speed of be-
tween six and seven miles an hour, by which his right leg
was fractured. In a few days disease of the chest manifested
itself, of which disease he died en the 27th of October. The
witnesses said that the driver might have prevented the acoi-
dent lf he had only stopped a minute, and that omnibuses
went up Whitoomb•street In • reckless and dangerous man-
ner.—Deeemed's so observed that the inhabitants informed
him that they were every day in danger of their lives by the
omnibuses.—The Coroner remarked that it was a great tho-
roughfare and that he thought the Commissioners of Woods
and Forests should have taken steps to have widened the
street " That the deceased died from a disease of
the chest; thatthe jury ere of opinion that the street in which
the saiil accident happened is • dangerous and unsafe tho-
roughfare for omnibuses, which daily pass therein, and that
we recommend that some means should be adopted to prevent
omnibuses and other vehicles from travelling along that
street as they are at present accustomed to do."—Mr. Milts
suggested to the inhabitants living in the street, then in the
Lamest room, to memorialise the Commissioners of Police
feithem to place a policeman there on duty, for the purpose
P' of checking the speed of the omnibuses.
M'

THE SYSTEM OF TAXATION.
The Liverpool Financial Reform Asetciation have
issued another of their publications in which they proceed to
consider more in detail " The effect of our present system of
taxation, as especially illustrated by the Customs and Excise
duties, on the physical condition of the gnat bulk of the
ehmmoht, more especially on the industrious and labouring
einnees." The adopt. 14 • text on this subject, the follow_
hi smash) from Porter, on " Pablio Revenue and Ex-
=" page 476:—'' It has always excited dinatishie.
tit part of the public to be colledeinf-r the payment at
=or,bout which they have net the power to protect thew
hy abstaining from the use of the tend commodity.
h is this ooniideration which has always made our flames
Whalers prefer indirect to direct taxation, and which led,
Mobs the progress of a long and enplane war, to the im-
peilkint of duties that weighed with destructive fume upon
Nl=of industry."
as the above extract is (say the Liverpool
helium) ft ft becomes, in its plain meaning, rank nonsense:
he where useld be the use of calling upon the public to pep
teem hem which they have the power and the right to'
hem* themselves ?—and where would be the wisdom or the
hems of the finance ministers in always yielding to this
eseddleastion ? With the alteration, however, of one word,
it h t of ensuing, and will open up to us the man-
na/lawhich the defenceless, bemuse unrepresented, though
and producing dames, hive hitherto been
For the word public, substitute lawmakers, M-
ad* all those who have a voice in the choice of their
reresentatives ; and it contains a truth se impossible to deny
as it is to defend the gross dishonesty it diecleees. Read it-
curling to this wording, it implies that all who have had
any voice in imposing the taxes have hitherto endeavoured
to place them, so that they themselves may escape from the
hardline, and that this consideration has always met with
the *equines°, and support of our finance enni,ters, who
have aceoespiiihed it through the medium of indiree. Mx-
scion. Now, as we know from experience that the ministers
have always raised since that period (1797), to which this 'e-
tyma originally bad reverence, yearly revenue ranging from
Z,000,0001. as in that year, to 58,000,0001. and upwards, as
In the year ending Jan. 5,1847, we are constrained to eon
, jecture that there must have been a (nape...my power of
• heaths somewhere ; and that though the voluntary system
was here introduced in favour of those who thus displayed an
" Impatience of taxation " (though not an ignorant im-
patience), it was so blended with the compulsory
system, that those whom it embraced could not
=
, but at the enmities of life ; or, in other
that the minister, in allowing the richer
portion of the cnamitnity the privilege of escaping taxation,
was compelled to sacrifice, even to the death, a greater num-
ber of the poorer people. And in this conjecture we are
bogus out by the concluding sentence of this extract, " and
whisk led" (a preference for indirect todirect taxation)" der-
DC=es of a long and expensive war,to:the imposition
weighed with destructive force on the swings
efladasizy;" and we are confirmed by the fact that suet
d these duties, after a peace of nearly 34 years, still remain,
mad that their, " distractive force on the springs of inden
try " are becoming every day more demonstrable, as nume-
rous parliamentary committees of inquiry indisputably prove,
amongst which it may be mifilcient at present to spec fy the
mommlttee and its report on our commercial relations with

The Jumociation do not us the strong emression "to sit•
alike, even to the death, • greater number of the poorer
people,' without due coast leration and ample justification,
as will be apparent when the item, of indirect taxation are I
specified and examined. Taking them from the return be-
lore quoted of the " Public Income and Expenditure of the
United Kingdom for the year ending the 6th of January,
1847," they Sr. as follows, namely—Spirits foreign,
1,201,3921. ; rum, 1,219,5361. ; British, 5,949,1511. • making
• total .18,376,0781. Tee, 6.112,0054 ; malt, 5,084,6504.
tobacco and Nand, 4,319,0881. ; sugar and molmore,
4,080,4181.; wine, 1,892,2421 ; timber, 1,133,8721 • excise
ii4lllll 1,088,153/. ; amp, 965,8381. ; paper, 790,8141. ;
coffee, 458,8381. ;. cern, 723,6001. ; bricks, &a., 638,4221. ;
currants and mains, 470,2631. ; hope, 286,2651 ; silks,
255,3771. ; poet horse duties, 179,8321. ; butter, 1364431. ;
candles and tallow, 89,8881.; cheese, 88,2891. ; glass,
18,8221. ; miscellaneous, 845,706.1. ; total, 37,288,8031.
The first necessuits of life—indeed the very ementiale—

without which it anon be maintained, are food end shelter.
neicrietettojoartieulariee fuel and clothing. And how are theme
by the above list of taus? All an enhanced in
prim, end by it placed beyond the reach of millions—breadt
cheese, butter, sugar, currants, end rates, in the wily di
food: and as drhilte—tes, coffee, beer, wine. As recants
P -
shelter, the materials which famish it 'nape not, es witness
the tax on timber, bricks, ite. With which of these an the
poor, can any man, dispense, without material want. incon-
&tent with the intention of the Almighty, as exemplified by
his bountiful euppliee to all creatures? while to dis-
pense with the use of all would be inevitable death,
sod amount to self-murder. Yet such in the alternative
to the poor, it, like their richer brethren, they wish
"to protest themselves by abstaining from the nee of
taxed commodities." Secondary to these, only from the
fact that they are not essential to life, are tobam, Pap,
Paper, the taxes on which articles bacons, after those on
food, the most objectionable that can be cones iveil to large
clones of the eommuuity. To what, under such a crushing
lead et taxation, has the poor man to look for comfort and
happiness? Shelter, food, fuel, all taxed, all put beyond
his reach, except the almost spontaneous productins of the
earth, potatoes, water, and end. Oo the two first be may,
perhaps, hold together in physical existence his body and
soul, and with the last build himself a miserable cabin ; but
what the ultimate result of such a state of millions will be,
let the present and recently past condition of Ireland answer.
And yet to this state is the present system of taxation hurry-
us.
rheas evils can only be removed by the present lavish ex-
penditure being reduced, In conjunction with an entire
change in the mode of raising the necessary tales. The in-
terest on the debt must be provided for ; but the three great
war establishments of army, navy, and ordnance, may be,
and mast be, cut down. It 'hey are maintained on the
present footing, the people will know at what cost to them
selves, &pining thousande, nay millions, of shelter and
food, the two essentials of life, to my nothing of the simplest
comforts. If the ruling classes are determined to persist in
such a tonne, they must expect to hear the question asked
by those whom such a spit n alines to the cern, "What is
the benefit of such government to them ?" They might as
well run all risks of foreien invasion and its consoquences, ter-
rible as they are, as be thus pushed out of lite, by taxes imposed
against the occurrence of soy such contingency. To them
the one is remote and uncertain, while the other is sure and
always present. conservative policy points out the
necessity of removing such sourcn of discontent, which,
however, before they can be removed, must be known; but
the governing chts.es, placed as they are, so much above the
suffering millions, with little sympathy with, sod leis know-
ledge of, their wretched state, are not likely to make the
discovery, so that it licourni the imperative duty of en asso-
ciation, such as this, to place it on record, and bring it point-
edly under the consideration of all classes—the represented,
the representatives, the nobles, the executive, the sovereign.
The association propose, in the next part of this section, to
ermine more minutely every individual artless contained in
the list just given, with a view of illustrating more perfectly
the effect of the system es the social sedition of the people.