The Express.
London, England, 1849-10-24 00:00:00

JACQUARD K,

IMPORTANT IMPROVEMENT UPON THE

(Deem the Manchester Ecassiner.)

Onr attention has recently been celled to as article
in the Mostiteur ladautriel, descriptive of a new machine,
the invention of K. Aoki's, of Feria, which, from what we
have been able to ascertain, is calculated to become of cocci.
derable importanos in Jacquard weaving. The machine,
which was exhibited in the recant exposition at Paris, is
designated "The Monocle,. Organ." It is played with one
single key, the mechanism of which it applicable to the sub-
stitatios of paper Instead of the card nasally employed in
the Jacquard maeliinis. It may be used for engraving musi-
cal typography, and also for nansferria?„ in a most Interest-
ing and surpniing manner, music into design. Thefollow.
big is the description of the machine, as given in the journal
to which we have alluded • . .

The moncelave is a machine which is placed at will upon
the organ or pianoforte, and it is worked by • single key
which embraces all the length of the keyboard. The various
sounds are produced by the insertion in the machine of
pieces of piper, having, indeed of the usual musical nota-
tion, a number of perforations which determine the action
of the instrument. According to the number and situation
of the perforations an the paper, so is the number and
variety of the keys to be acted upon. By this invention, the
organ may hereafter be used in small places where no or-
ganist is engaged, and it admits of the performance of all
kinds of music even by those who are unacquainted with the
science; while by applying certain porticos of this apparatus
to the finger organ, entirely new and extremely diversified
effects may be obtained. It also affords zenurkable facilities
for the production of sustained notes on the pianoforte.
lite notation of music by this new system, that is to say, the
perforatioa of paper, may be conducted by everyone by
band, sad without expense. But Pd. Acklin has invented
another machine, fa:cubit:l with a ki y board, by which, if a
person plays once over the piece which he is adieus of
noting for the monoclare, the perfect notation is °Dustily
impressed upon a key:band, from which may be obtained
as many copies as are desired. This machine and its ap-
plieation constitute truly a musical typography. • • •
M. Acklin, in hie system of noting music upon paper, has
made a discovery which must be teen to be believed: it is,
that there exists an extraordinary affinity between music and
design. Thus, when some musical passages are transferred
to the notes, they represent vases, monuments. itc., which,
on the other hand, being played by the monoclave from the
notes, are such airs as are frequently found in the works of
Meyetbeer, ssrsini, &c. For example, there was displayed
at the Parisian exposition the Are Verms of Mozart trans-
ferred to drawing by the delineorpht,onie (which name M.
Acklin has applied to this singular discovery). It repre-
sented a magnificent porch of a Gothic cathedral, with its
column., arches, dtc.. bold, and yet of the most exquisite taste.
A vast field is thus opened to the art of the musician and the
draughtsman, which may ultimately be attended with the
most important results.

But it is more especially as effecting a revolution in the
working of the jacquard frames that the monoclese organ of
M. Acklin should be considered. Up to the present time, in
the manufacture of brocaded and figured tissues, perforated
cards have been used, thrcugh which the needles pass,
causing the threads to rift and tall according to the holes in
the cards, thus reproducing upon the tissue in the loom the
pattern which is perforated on the card. This mode of fabrica-
tion istroublesome as well as costly, as it necessitates, even
for the smallest pattern, the use ef an enormous quantity of
cards of high pricy, and inconvenient on account of their bulk.
By toe present invention, the cards are entirely superseded,
and the thinnest paper is used in their stead—so much so,
that out of 3,600 metres used in the manufacture of 1,000
cards, 3,595 metres are saved by M Acklin's invention. It
will at once be seen that this invention opens a source of
economy of which the bearing is incalculable. One great
advantage of the machine is the ease with which it
can be adapted to the old jacquard frames, without
causing any delay or stoppage of the works. The old cylin-
den may be taken off, and those of the new apparatus
substituted in • few hours, without altering the loom, and
with such use and exactness that, even although some work
is in progress by the old machine, it moy be taken up and
completed by that of M. Acklin, if the holes have been pre-
viously perforated on the paper. We may here state that the
perforating can be done by hand upon the apparatus without
requiring the usual system of " reeding; " but for this pur-
pose M. Acklin has invented another machine, by which
reading and perforating is cimed on. The reading
is conducted by this machine In the usual manner, but
as the paper can follow on the line continuously, the
perkration proceeds much more :rapidly than with the
cards. Thirty thousand perforations (meirchures) may
be made in a day, instead of 1,500 which were made
by the elf machine (called tellers), or 3 or 4,000 made
by those called acoileies. There are also other advantages
than those which we have mentioned. For instance, the
holes of the old cards would net permit of the passage of
more then 7 needles ; whereas by this system a hole in the
paper of one ire oiameter, will allow nine needles,
and one of double that size, sixteen needles to pass. Tnis,
it will be seen, is calculated to give • greater air urity In the
manufacture, more exactness in the work, and more finish
and beauty in the tisane. Besides, the machine is so easily
worked, that the labour of the workman is considerably
diminished. Its play is so easy and gentle, that a paper
of 4ho mare/tures, with which M. Acklin has con-
stantly experimented for fifteen months, scarcely shows the
point of contact of the needles. The combination of the
machine is altogether so clever, and its construction so solid
and perfect, that it is almost impossible, even intentionally,
to derange rt. By the invention of this machine, M. Ackhn
hes effected the solution of a problem, before which many
men of mechanical genius have failed. The impulse has
been sine. In addition to the French manufacturers, many
from Prussia and Austria, who have visited the exhibitions,
have eagerly investigated the Acklin machine, and we are
assured that the ingenious inventor 11 daily re-
ceiving new orders. England is already in possession
of the new invention M. Kurtz, a most honor-
able and intelligent Manchester manufacturer, well
known both in France and England by his industrial labours,
having seen M. Acklin's machine in Paris, and being con-
vinced of its importance, was desirous ef introducing to
England an invention which was like ly to open a new era in
the manufacture of ornamental tissues.
The article states that many people who visited the exiled.
lion might probably not take so much interest is the machine
as they would have done if M. Acklin had been on the spot
to explain it. Unfortunately, however, he was elsewhere
engaged at the time, upon matters of importance. It will be
seen, however, that machire, or at all event, that appli-
cation of it to the jacquard loom to which refers nce is made
above, has been introduced into Manchester, by Mr.
Kurtz, of Ordeal House. We have had an opportunity
of seeing the machine, and corjointly with more prac-
tical men who have inspected it, were much pleased with
its simplicity and evident utility. We were assured by
Mr. Webb and Mr. Wilson, the gentlemen who are super-
intending the erection of the maleins et Ordeal House,
that eighteen inches of paper are made by this invention to
answer the purpose of 100 card boards. An important
saving is thus effected, not so much, perhaps, to the English
re to the French manufacturers (for on the continent there
is a considerable duty on the importation of cardboard), yet
sufficient to lead manufacturers to interest themselves in the
new invention. And when we consider that there are up-
wards of 60,000 jacquard looms at work in this town and
neighbourhood, the importance of any invention w'oich is
calculated to effect a saving, however smell, in the process of
manufacture, is greatly enhanced. It is proposed that this
apparatus should receive the name of the "Acklin machine,"
after its ingenious inventor. We understand that in the
course of a few days the machine at Ordeal House will be
fairly at work, and that then the attention of the manufac.
turen of the neighbourhood will be invited to it.

GREAT WESTERN FISHERIES COMTSNY or IRE-
LAN o.—We have been informed on the best authority that
some very influential and intelligent members of the above
important company (formed in London last year) are at
present in the west of Ireland, about Caatlebar, Sligo, &c.,
making arrangements for immediate operations in the im-
portant branch of trade—the fisheries of this country, which
have been se long neglected. The enterprising company
promise to open up a wide field for the employagat of thou-
sands of our countrymen.—Dublinpaper.
ENGLISH EMIGRANTS IN ILLINOIB.—The follow-
ing letter from an emigrant who went to America in the
autumn of last year, has been published in the Lmeo:nshire
Times :—" Jacksonville, Morgan County, Illinois, U.S.,
Sept. 14, 1849.—Dear 81r,—We are now settled in a lat-
ent country, in which most of the settlers are English, and
nearly all of them of the class of farm labourers. They
were for the most part in needy circumstances; some of
them had not more than half a dollar on coming here, yet,
by industry and perseverance, most of them are well off, and
none in indigent circumstances. I bought an improved
farm of 215 acres, with a good farmhouse on it, a log-barn
and stables for 8 horses, a log-house, a good young orchard,
and three wells, for 3,00) dollars. We have abundance of
apples and peaches, more than sufficient for the supply
of our family. I did this rather than endure the trouble
and inconvenience of making a farm out of a rough prairie,
it is a Job I was not well qualified for from previous habits.
The land consists of 160 acres of rolling prairie ground, with
a patch of wood in the north-east corner of about 20 acres,
leaving 140 acres without a tree; the farm-boas. is in the
centre of the farm and abort 200 yards from the farm build
log ; this lot is bounded on the south by a railway, and on
the east by the common road. The remainder of the land
is timbered, 25 acres lying a mile south, and 50 acres half a
mule north ; the timber consists of several varieties of oak,
bickery, walnut, elm, locust, and thirty. I also bought
40 acres of wheat, growing on the farm, at three dollars
per acre, being the prioe of seed and labour. We sowed
eight acres of barley, four of oats, and planted f..rty-five
acres of Indian own, and one sere of potatoes. I had the
wheat cut by a machine on the 2.d, 3rd, and 4th of July ;
the ield is estimated at 20 bushels so acre, which, at 80
cents a bushel, will produce 16 do.lars per acre, and leave at
least 8 dollars clear of all expenses, iocluding a rent calcu-
lated at 10 per cent. on tie purchase oney. The barley, at
a moderate calculation, will produce 30 bushels to the acre. I
have already had 621 cents per bushel bid for it, which is
ecoofniw,htehaet
crap
601b.,.p
will
be
and
barley to4Bl/I.b
considerably below an avervire all o.rough the western states ;
tal 0 s.
W lOd i per
reggiur. th
to
my farm produced list year 75 bash. per acre. and this year will
not exceed 50. With regard to stock, I have 4 horses, 4
elhnudlih4enl
milch cows in calf, 4 heifers in calf, 3 calves, 26 sheep, and
61 store hogs, and 25 three months old, with a prospect of at
ast 100 more in a short time ; I have 20 thri e year-old
steers bought. which I intend to &nen, together with 60
' hogs, this winter. I shall have 800 bushels of wheat, and
upwards of 200 of barley, for market, and the railway close
• at hand. This is a country that any working man may do
I well in. I can afford to give 251. a year, with board, to a
• good working man, and if any labourers come out from Sta-
ir too, I will reader them all the assistance I ean.—Yoara
truly, W."

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