The Express.
London, England, 1847-01-11 00:00:00

THE EXPRESS, MONDAY EVENING, JANUARY 11, 1847.

Four other cases were postponed to the following
day. It will naturally be asked where aro the landed
proprietors of the district? Why do they not come
forward ? Where are the public works, and what do
the poor-houses do? Nearly the whole district is held
by two proprietors, the Earls of Kenmore and Bantry.
I The eldest eon and heir of the latter, Visct. Berehaven,
lived in the town, he is now sweeping through the
Continent. The Earl's own residence is nut far. The
other noble proprietor, Lord Kenmore, is one of the
best men in Ireland, and though his income is muni-
ficent, his practical benevolence is proportionate to his '1
power of doing good. His tenantry in Bantry, I
understand, are very comfortable. They are farmers,
not fishermen. The difference of pursuit marks the
difference of social condition along the coasts, not of
Cork alone, but of all Ireland.
If we go northward, among the manufacturing
districts, we find the destitution not so intense, but
still sufficiently severe. The county of Dawn, with
its happy mixture of agriculture and manufactures,
was the model of comfort and prosperity. But hunger
is here also. At a late meeting of the Banbridge
guardians, 104 paupers were admitted, and the ac-
commodation was insufficient for the applications.
Banbridge is the centre of the linen trade of Ulster.
In Dublin hunger has assumed the dangerous
shape of plunder. Yesterday and this morning
several bakers' shops were broken into and plun-
dered, and the bread carts were stopped in various
parts of the city, and cleared out, notwithstanding
the exertions of the police. The horse patrol is now
parading the scene of plunder. I saw a number of
able-bodied men, about 30, with loaves and rolls piled
on their arms. They looked very unlike the city
population, and appeared to belong to some of the
railway gangs. The plunderers were moving to-'
wards the terminus of the Dnblin and Mullingar line,
careless of police or patrol. The details are below.
The poor of the city, notwithatanding the public
institutions and the flow of charity, aro suffering very
much. The test of destitution is the mortality which
follows it. The returns from one cemetery of the
burials for the months of November and December
in 1845 and 1846, show a very large increase in the
present year. The total for 1815'was 902 ; for 1816,
1,439; or an increase of about 68 per cent.
Seed time is pressing on us. and as yet no prepara-
tion is made. The Public Works absorb the labour- I
ing population, and as there is no other mode of
absorbing and feeding them as yet develo,:ed, they
must remain there. The future however should not be
overlooked, and days will soon count as precious
stones. Mr. Burgh, a gentleman of property
in Kildare, proposes a plan for securing a plentiful
crop next year. It is that the people should be
employed under the Board of Works to till the farms
of any persons applying for that purpose; that the
money should be advanced by the government, and
the produce be a lien for the sum advanced, and
also for three per cent. interest.

STATE OF THE COUNTRY.
Coax.— A meeting to give expression to the feelings of the
public of Skibbereen, held on Tuesday last, is reported in
the Cork journals of ye netday. I weed not furnish vou
with the details. Mr. Downing said, " 140 persons have died
in the workhouse within one month; and out of
the number admitted on Thursday last, eight have
since died, for they come into the house merely
and solely for the purpose of getting a eoffin.'
Muth murmuring was male, because •he government had
not given the relief committee, even in the most extreme
cases, the power of globe gmtuitoue relief, or even of sell-
ing provisions to the destitute at a low rate. It was stated
that only nine proprietors of land in the district, which con-
tained four parishes, had sutheribed, and, among others,
that Lord Bandon had not given a sixpence. The following
resolution was agreed to :
Beeoleed,—That we pest' the government to order that the persons
at present employed Or unemployed, on the particular public works,
proofed a ,der the Labour Act, be thrown upon the aviculture of
the country, supplying a certun proportion of the wage. neceseary
meet the achanced prices of f.o I, or supplying them at their own
homes with a certain gratuitous 3 simmer In a small degree to en-
able or oblige them to go to the c iltivation of the roil, and avid the
formers who cannot pay the eidv.inee of wages--or the present awful
state of the country will not only be perpetuated, but increased to a
degree most frightnal to conteraplo r.
FUTURS Aoaicuzrvutt. PROirEerts or IftELAWII.—On
Tuesday, a meeting of the landed proprietors, clergy, and
other inhabitants of Kanturk and its vicinity, was held in
the court-house of that town, for the purpose of considering
the means moot advisable to be recommended to he farmers
for the future tilling of the land, and also to organise a sub-
scription for the importation of the potato, or other seed, to
be distributed among the tillers of the soil. The meeting
was very thinly attended. The High Sheriff presided, and
the following resolutions were agreed to:
Resolred,—That subscriptions be entered into for the purpose of
establishing, in Keetteil, a depot for supplying the farmers with
sound seed potatoes, and all hinds of terming reed, such as turnips,
carrots, beans, and parsnips, at east prices; and that a committee lie
appointed to solicit subricrimions for this poronse. Thai the govern-
ment he fervently • ntreatid to import corn inter s e country. and form
depots in the ppone nil towns of the kingdno, in 'Mee to supply the
surrounding disMeu wish food, and thereby prevent famine and the
hundreds of deaths that are daily occurring.
DONEGAL.—The Bolles anon Herald states that the
deaths in the workhouse arc unusually large, owing to the
dislike of the people to enter it until they arc actually
starving.
THE FIIHRHIES OP DONROAL.—The Board of Works has
appointed • fishery superintendent at Killybegs, in this
county. Agents have been appointed for superintending the
purchase of fish from the fishermen, no as to keep them em-
ployed; the fish is cured on the brat principles, so as to ren-
der it nutritious and polatab'e when eaten with Indian or
other meal. Similar agents are appointed at Roundstooe,
Galway, and Belmullet, Mayo.
DuRLIN.--OUTARE tn. AND PLUNDER IN Tilt hIETRO-
POLDA--The Freeman's Journal of this morning, thus de-
tails the proceeding" of yesterday's rioting and plunder :
On yesterday morning, between seven and eight o'clock, a
number of able-bodied m.u, evidently from the rural dis-
tricts, amounting to between forty and fifty in number,
came in a body down Great Britain-street They surrounded
a bread cart belonving to Mr. Welsh, baker, of No. 3,
Dorset-street, and at once commenced rifling its contents.
In spite of the resistance of the driver, they succeeded in
taking away forcibly twenty losses of bread and about a
1 dozen rolls, value about ten or eleven shillnazii. They then
went off, some devouring the bread with evident voracity.
Afterwards, between one and two o'clock, a body of twelve
=ts assembled in Marlborough-street, in front of the
of a provision dealer named M'Coy, living at No.
20 in that street, and afterwards at the houses 91
and 92 in the same street, tenanted by Mr. Cavanagh
, and Mr. Fitzharris, bikers, and demand. '1 bread. The
men were relieved at each place, and name gentle.
men passing by at the time gave them some money.
Inspector M•Mahon despatched Acting Serjeant Petit after
them with four police-constables, who followed them, to
watch their future movements. They proceeded down
Marlborough-street to Eden-quay, and again stopped before
the door of Mr. Coyne, the bread and biscuit baker, residing
there, and repeated their demand for bread; but on seeing
the police approaching they retired, and passed over Carlisle-
bridge, in the direction of Westmoreland-street. A mob
surrounded the shop of Mr. Jeffers, baker, of Church-street;
but the police being in the vicinity, they were called on, and
succeeded in dispersing the mob. Several bread carts were
stopped in the outlets of the city, and their contents taken.
Tau. DAT.—The Weekly Register contains the following
account of the renewed rioting which took place this morn-
ing :, About half-past six o'clock this morning (at which
time the bakers' carts are sent out), a largo bade of people
from the surrounding country assembled on Essex-bridge,
and,separating, stopped and rifled an immense number of bread
carts of theircontents. All the bread-shops in Capel-street were
then visited, and completely emptied.- A party marched
down Britain-street, in which the shops fared a similar fate.
All the carts, also, which were not protected by the whey
were despoiled of their contents. At this hour (eleven
o'clock) the few baker.' care passing the streets have police
mounted on them to protect them from plunder. The horse
police are patrolling the neighbourhoods most liable to attack.
The state of the liberties—at the best of times a sink of des-
titution—is described to us as truly teightful, the people
dying of disease and famine unheeded and untalked of. All
the bread-shops in Patrick-street, Francis-street, &c.. were
Kited this morning, and more or less of their contents
carried off by a vast number of country people who came
down from the Dublin mountains and neighbourhood. It
is expected that all the shops will be closed at an early hour
this evening, ea it is feared a vast concourse of • tearigers will
colon into town tonight, to renew more extensively the
scenes of plunder which took place this morning.
I may add to this, what I myself know to be a fact, that
of two and three sturdy fellows are now visiting the
L7ttise: in the suburb', whose male inhabitants they suppose
to be absent, and knocking at the doors force an entrance as
soon as it is opened, and then by menaces compel the female
ininates to give them money. Sever it of the rioters have
been brought before the police magistrates during the day,
and when charges were substantiated against them they have
been committed for trial in other instances they hove been
sent to hard labour in the penitentiaries in default of bail to
keep the peace. The parties thus arrested ere not destitute,
but idle, profligate fellows, who could procure labour if they
were willing to work. Some of them arc butcher...boys.
The leader is said to have recently drove a baker's-cart—hat
the great innjority are from the o itleta of the city, known as
the haunt, of dishonest and dangerous eharaeters
RENEWAL or roe DIETVERINCta IN THALES,—The
Newry EzeonMer relates the following pnrticulars of a re-
newed outbreak in Tralem—On Tuesday morning, a body of
labourers, about 400 in number, again entered the town, and
forthwith commenced breaking into the bakers' shops, from
whirls they took every morsel of food they could find. A
wolfish struggle arose amongst the crowd as each chop was
rifled of its contents. The labourers were proceeding in
their course of plunder when they were met by the Rey. Dr.
M'Enery, P.P., who entreated of them to desist, represent-
ing to them that such canduct mud be eventually ionrious to
themselves, end could not relieve their shoeing families. The
reverend gentleman's word., tar the Mat time, perhaps, were
unheeded by the excited crowd. They passed him and pro-
ceeded to the relief committee's stores, which they were
with difficulty prevented from plundering. Whilst here as-
sembled, a rumour spread among the crowd that there were
provisiom on board the vessels in the Canal.hasin. A general
rush was Immediately made in the district of the basin.
There was there but ono vessel laden with corn, and the

master, upon the approach of the crowd, attempted to push
out into the middle of the basin; some labourers, however,
laid hold of a rope coanectel with the vessel, and prevented
the master's design. She wu immediately crowded. The
next thing Piet attracted attention was a considerable quan-
tity of bacon which lay piled upon the quay. At this mo-
ment 0. 1). Stokee' Esq., J.P. arrived. He pro-
mised employment if the labourer,would remain
quiet for two days, and, after many entreaties and consider-
able difficulty, be prevailed on them to disperse.
There are 081 paupers in Tralee workhouse, of whom 204
are in hospital, not including 37 who are sick of fever. Dur-
ing the proceedings at the Board on Thursday, the Rev. Dr.
M'Enety stated, unless immediate employment be given the
shops will be broken, and there will be a public scour° of
property in the open day : and the people will not commit a
crime in arising property, unless they commit personal vio-
lence; they are literally starving ; they are willing to work,
but can get no work.
Tits KIND'S AND QUEEN'S COUNTIES.-The Leineter
Express of to-day is Stied with records of larcenies, robberies,
and instance of phinder committed in those counties. Kil-
ling sheep and bullocks has become a thing of frequent, al-
most nightly occurrence, and the stoppage of provisions on
the public highways not unusual. Meantime, the resident
classes in easy circumstances are interesting themselves for
the relief of the destitute. In Tullamore a soup kitchen is
established, and soup retailed at 1 id, per quart; at Maryboro'
the relief book informs us that for the week ended 2nd Jan.,
180 families, consisting of 1073 individuals, were supplied
with 1381 stone of oatmeal, at the reduced price of is. 6d.
per stone, or 12e. per cwt., the m aket price being 2s. 6d. ;
and 22 families rees iced 114 stone gratuitously. The com-
mittee received 10/. Se.. 14d. at the reduced rate ; and the loss
on distribution was 111. Yid. Again we are informed that
at liorriaoleigh they hare relieved since the Ist August last
3,030 iudividuils per week ; some by gratuitous distribution;
some by sales at reduced price.. The number of psupers at
present la the Mountmelbek workhouse is over 1,050 ; the
applicants yesterday, mays the Leinater Ezpreu, for admis-
sion were over 2:o0, two-thirds of whom could be admitted
only for temporary relief.
MONAGHAN.--The Northern Standard says that the late
Quarter Simeon, for that county was the heaviest, both in
civil and criminal business, that has been known in this
county for many veare. There were no lees than 1,200 civil!
bill entries' not more than 100 of which were defended-
there were 36 ijectmeats, and 76 bills of indictments. It is
calculatedthat not lees than 23,000 processes were served in
the county for these unions.
Blnxi o RANI Gres.--The Northern Standard states that
in that coulity three lives have been lost during the last week
by the bursting of cheap guns, imported into the country
(rum Birsuinftham. One at Aughnacloy, a female, who was I
standing beside her father when trying his new purchase ;
another at Middleton; and another near Carrickmacroee.
This should serve as a warning.
TIPPERARY.-The Tipperary Vindicator relates the fol-
lowing facts, illustrating the generosity and benevolence
of; Lady Oleagall to the poor of Cahir : She provides bed
coy( ring and eedsteads far them, and as a further proof of
her ladyship's most charitable disposition, she attends while
soup and bread are being distributed three days in the week
to 205 families, comprising 1,026 individuals; and on every
Friday 120 f onilies, comprising 600 individuals, are supplied
with a certain quantity of real gratuitously at her ladyship's '
expense, and 110 famil.es, comprising 520 individuals, get it
at half price.
limit LIGHTHOUSE DUES.- The Ballasteffice having
applied to the Queen in Council for permission to mike a
further reduction of ten per cent. on all light dues payable
for lighthouses on the coast of Ireland, have received a war-
rant under the Privy Seal, which enables them to make the
proposed reduction; and they have sent instructions to all
the collectors of customs in Ireland, and (through the
Trinity House and Northern Light Commis:ions) to the col-
lectors of lighthouse dues in England and Scotland, that in
future they are to deduct this further sum of ten per ent.
from all dues payable to the Irish Lighthouse Board.
THE CENTRAL RELIEF Cosemirree continues to receive
very liberal eubseriptinns. Among the last are 1501. from
Robert Leslie Ellis, Esq., of Trinity College, Cambridge,
1201. from the Professors of hlaynooth, 1001. from Sir
Matthew Barrington and Co.. 1001 from the Wakefield
Ladies' Committee, and various mailer sums, amounting
altogether to 620/., the receipts of yesterday.
A northern paper has it on " authority," that government
has rent out by the Hibernia and other Teasels more than
half a million sterling, for the purcha.e of corn in America.
The authority can be only referred to one of two sources.
credulity or invention. It is probable the intelligence, if
true, would be communicated through some other channel
than a local paper.
The markets see everywhere rising. On yesterday, at the
Corn Exchange, the supply was small, with a further ad-
vance of 2s. per barrel on wheat, and 6d. on oats and malt-
ing barley. A good deal of foreign wheat and Indian corn
has arrived. but the extravagant prices asked checked the
demand. There have been large receipts and sales of flour,
and 6d. to ls. per cwt. advance obtained on the prices of this
day week. There is more Indian meal offering than hereto-
fore. No change in value. Oatmeal is rather limited in
' quantity, and our quotations easily obtained.
White wheat, 46e. to 50s. ; millers red, ditto, 445. to 48s. ;
barley, 255. to Th. ; oats, 21s. to 235. 6d. ; seed ditto, 265. ;
first flour, 26e. to 28s. • second ditto, 245. to 2.55. 6d. ; in-
ferior ditto, 20s. to 22. ; thirds, 17e. to 18s. 6d.; oatmeal,
23e. to 26a.; Indian meal, 20s. to 21s.
Receipt& of flour, 21,980; sales ditto, 23,773 sacks; average,
255. 34d.

SCOTLAND.
EDINBURGH, Jaa. 8.
The destitution in the highlands and other parts
of Saitland is gradually being unfolded with the
characteristic " slow bat sure" induction of the nation ;
and the remedial measures in progress exhibit marks
of similar caution. No time hos elapsed sufficient for
the Edinburgh committee to collect any details regard-
ing
the distress ; and still less for the exhibition of
returns in any systematic or digested shape. The
leaders of the Free Church are said to be in possession
of abundant proof that the visitation is one of peculiar
hardship, but except occasional extracts from private
letters no general statistics have yet been published
by them. There can be no question however that the
distress is wide in extent as well as intense in degree.
The Highlanders, however romantic in Scott's novels,
or Jacobite memoirs, have long been an impoverished
and improvident people—not probably improvident in
the sense of squandering acquired means; but impro-
vident in the sense of being indolent in the efforts
used for obtaining independence. Instead of accumu-
lating savings, they have, as in many partsof Ireland,
been sing from hand to mouth—merely solicitous to
satisfy the clamant wants of the day, and having no
thought of the morrow, living principally on potatoes
and fish ; the total removal of the one, and the com-
parative scarcity of the other, has made them poor
indeed. Thus reduced to the lowest ebb, mere tem-
porary relief will not suffice; and it will be the duty
as well as the policy of the country to devise some
comprehensive measure to raise such helpless creatures
to such a position as may prevent them from sinking
at the recurrence of every season of pressure.
Up to this day the Free Church collections for the
Highlanders amount to 11,3341. 6s. Ild. The amount
collected by the general committee has not yet been
published—it will, perhaps, be about the same. The
correspondence section of the latter body has resolved
on sending deputations to London and the principal
towns in England, where, judging from the collec-
tions already spontaneously made in London,
Torquay, &c., they will, doubtless, be well received.
Two deaths from starvation are reported to have
taken place a', Long Island.
A meeting was held in Inverness on Monday,
when it was stated that there were 214 applications
for relief made by females, and 42 by males—in all
258 eases, which had been refused. Of late there
had been many applications; many had not been dis-
posed of; but, supposing about 144 were added to the
destitute, there was a total of 400 male and female
indigent persons for whom there was no relief. This
was only a general idea of the state of matters. The
poor on the parochial roll at present numbered 725,
and on the occasional roll 87.

Notwithstanding this local, and we hope temporary,
distress the general aspect of affairs in Scotland is
cheering. The extensive applications for assistance
in drainage is symptomatic of an improved order of
things, and it is worthy of remark that the Scotch
applications far exceed the English. Thus: in Eng-
land there have been 17 appLaitions for loans for the
drainage of 180,390 acres, for which 33,7931. were.
required. In Scotland the applications have been 41,
amounting to 15,4571., for the drainage of 568,238
acres. In England the sum required is about 21. an
acre; in Scotland, res. By a blunder in jhe act, cor-
porate bodies cannot avail the inselves of its privileges;
and this has prevented two Aberdeen institutions--
Gordon's Hospital and the Intirmary—from applying
for loans. The mistake is so ebvions that it will pro-
bably be remedied early in the session.
The Scotch income tax, which was 399,8941. in
1844, was in 1815, 403,390/.—another good sign;
and of the same d,weription Wti the increase of 11. on
the average account of each en rings bank depositor for
the same period; it being alt somewhat remarkable
that the average deposits in England, Wales, and
Ireland were all augmented by a similar amount in
the same year.
The distillers having raiood the price of whisky
nearly 2s. per gallon, owing. to the high price of
barley, the retail spirit-dealers in different parts of
Scotland have revolved to cliorge malt whisky at 4d.
per gill, and grain whisky, 31d.
LUNATIC A.T..- We have alrt ,dy called attention to the
promptitude of the sheriff of P..lishire, in announcing the
provisions of the Sinitory Act 1" JI t 10 Vict., cap. 96), and
we now refer to a proclamation 4'd by him in reference to
another statute, which, althou,th not of such recent origin,
should by no ;limns be lost sigh: all the public. It is as
follows:
_ _

- .
By the gbrriff of Perthahlre.—Wterees, by the let of 9 Geo. IV.,
e. 34, It Is sanded that M 9lel ISO melee tato LY ezeistsive este

and maintenanm (except be be • relation) any one insane povon,
without having; an order and certificate signed by two physienue: or
aurproni, and that ecery such penun en having received into Lie
charges:li insane pets" Mall, within bee day. thereof, trs-amait
the sherig a the snooty a copy of such oertlfrate, and shall
also atate t b pariah wherein such home gall a eituated, sad
the name 0, the omuoier thereo', end also= the fleet day of January,
or within seven days thereof, in every year, every meta permit Mull
elm tranarolt to such sheriff a certificate Maned by two phyaicitins or
wren., deaciabing the then actual cute of such imam pinyon; and
In cane of the drain or removal of co -h insane person, he *ball
fnrth-
withnotifythesameto such aheriff —all under the penalty of fifty
poun Is stecliag. Notice is hereby given, that pensins who WI forth-
with to make the neemeary original and renewed retains to the
eberiff, will be proceeded against as the law directs. —Coo .ty Build-
ings, Perth, Jan.&
TUN Lena TILAD. sv HAMILTON.—Perhaps few are
aware of the extent to which the lace trade is carried on in
the town of Hamilton. Under the head of the lace menu-
lactose is included veils and demi-veils, lace-dresses, pele.
rises, capes. scarfs, and muslin robes. This trade is the
means of giving employment to many thoussnds in this
town and neighbourhood, chiefly women and girls, when
otherwise might be very destitute and a harden upon others. i
On • gross average, about 7,000 demi-veils are manufactured
in Hamilton And the neighbourhood par week. A good
lace-worker will earn from about 4s. GI. to Gs. 6d. per week.
At prevent the deacand for the Hamilton lace perhaps,
not quite en pressing as it has been for the last two years,
still it nn scarcely be said that the manufacturers are get-
ting burdened with a heavy stock, nor is there any reduction
of wages at present, or in prospect, to occasion any alarm.—
Hamilton and Clydesdale Monthly Advertiser.
MOILTALITY Iv PERTH.—The number of deaths this sea-
son, so far as the winter is vne, is much greater than in
preceding years. In ll.cemlscr, 1846, filly-four interments
took place ; but during the same month last year, no fewer
than sixty-nine were buried in the Ofeyfriars• Cemetery.
Since the commencement of the present year matters hive
continued in much the same ratio—from tote to six funerals
taking place daily ; indeed no taxer than eight were cm-
signed to their last renting-place on Saturday. This year
the number of still-born infanta is also much greater than
formerly. As the population has much increased of late by
the influx of railway labourers, this may account, in some
measure, for the increased mortality;
. but, after making
every reasonable allowance for that new of the can., there
*till remains a large gap to be supplied. Will the present
dearth of provisions have anything to do with the matter?—
Perth Advertiser. _ _

THE GRAVE is PERTH.—At a recent meeting of the
council of the fair city, Mr. Bunt drew attention to the
crowded state of the Oreyfriars burying ground, which he
represented as overflowing, and nearly as bid as what was
represented of the London cemeteries. On Saturday, the
avediggen wire actually at a loss for room in which to
deposit the dead. To such straits were they driven, that they
could not get some of the coffins more than 18 inches below
the surface. lie hoped a committee would be appointed to
investigate and report by next meeting. The l'iovest en-
deavoured to palliate matters, and in the end it was agreed
that, in anticipation of a government measure, the subject
should be let alone.
Run on ito x KMA KY.— Some excitement has been
caused in the medical circles by the disminsi of Professor
Syme, as one of the acting surgeons of this institution. Mr.
Syme is professor of clinical surgery at the University of
Edinburgh ; and as the university hag no hospital attached to
it like the University or King's Col:ege, London, the stu-
dents must lack instruction, or a new hospital be opened—
unless the man-igen and Mr. S 7 me make up matters, at an
adjourned meeting, announced tor the 18th inst. The cause
of dispute is the refusal of Mr. Syme to docquet the case-
books of the elerlui, they being drawn up, as he antes, in a
manner In perfunctory as to preclude indonation by him.
A NEW BKIDOE ECHOES THE TWEED. —General Sir J.
Reseell, of Ashiesteel, is shout to erect a bridge across the
Tweed, opposite to his mansion, which will prove a great or-
nament to the landscape. It into be built of whinstone, and
to be of a single arch, 130 feet in space : the radius of the
arch 100 feet.—l'eebkishire Adoertiver.--(Ashiesteel must
be familiar to the readers of Lockhart's " Life of Sir Walter
Scott," as his resitleuce at the dawn of his vast fame as a
novelist.)