The Express.
London, England, 1848-07-18 00:00:00

GERMANY.

. I'RUSSIA.—The Berlin and Cologne journals se-
verally of the 15th and Inth have reached us. The
intelligence from this state is contained in the follow-
ing letter from our correspondent :
COLOGNE, JULY 16.
The following is a brief analysis of the financial account
lately given in the Berlin assembly, by the Minister of Fi-
nance:—During the last few months the revenues of the
country had necessarily diminished, particularly as the sale
of timber and of iron from the national forests and mines had
been very languid. There had been a falling off in the pro.
duce of the direct taxes on account of the disturbances in
various parts of the kingdom, particularly in the duchy of
Posen. The revenue from indirect taxes had also diminished.
The reduction of one-third of the duty on flour, and other
measures in favour of the working classes, had contributed
to the diminution of the revenue. Upon all those grounds
he (the minister) would calculate the deficiency of this year's
revenue at eight millions of thalers. Whilst the revenues
had been decreasing, it had been found strictly necessary to
increase the expenditure by 221 millions of dialers, of which
10 millions were required by the army, in addition to the
ordinary war budget. In round numbers, this year's ex-
penditure would exceed the ordinary one by 30 millions of
thalers, even without placing the entire army on war tooting
This surplus expenditure would be partly covered by the
i
' funds in the national treasury, which, n the beginning
, of the year, amounted to some 15 millions ; and partly
by loans and new taxes. With respect to the loan—in some
r spects a forced one—no me having property of less value
than 4.000 thalers or a less ;1.. zoom than 400 thalers (about
601. sterling), will be called ti sere to subscribe to it. The
amount of contribution to the lsan will be proportionate to
the income of the pant liable to subscribe, and will vary
from 1 to 2 per cent, He .'u,. t of abandon the hope,
I however, that the voltint: rt loan eonld furnish all the funds
required. The incom • tr.‘ would net be introduced this
year. A full account of the funds in the national treasury
from 1820 to 1847 would be rd. before the finance com-
mittee. He was of opinion that portions of the national
demesnes should be sold in aL ,•tr• nes, and he should shortly
introduce a bill to that effect. (Cheers.) The minister
then referred to the Seekaidluv, the great trading com-
pany of Prussia (corresponding to s.:nie respects with the
HandetAlaatschappy of Holland), vhi.di was establisned
during the last century, and which cimbines the lti-inetts
of a large banking with that of a commercial and u-
facturiiig company. This state inst,tution is placed
under the management of the minister oi
In his speech, that functionary expressed the n.‘i
nion that the state should nor, as a newral ride,
be concerned in induattial speculations or underral.in:, a.
It was his intention, therefore, to propose that, so so: a-
public credit is restored, and private enterprise aroused,
the establishment of the Seehandlung be disvosed of,
even if the state should greatly lose by the sale. He was
happy to state, however, that the Seehandlung had :t 'ate

given pecuniary accommodation, at a time, too, when pt 'vale
banken refused it, and had continued to afford employmen.
to many individuals. With reference to the state tre sivy.
the minister asserted that, towards the end of June 1840, it
contained more than 12 millions of thalers, to Which was
added, from that year to 1847, the clear sum of more than
seven millions. On the Ist of Jan., 1848, the national debt
amounted to 126 millions of thalers, which the minister con-
tended was not a large sum for a state like Prussia.
According to the Prensmehe Stoats Anzeiger, Herr Camp.
hewn MIA been nominated president of the council of the
German empire. This statement, however, although it ap-
pears in the journals of Berlin, requires confirmation. Per-
haps " the wish is father to the thought."
According to the Posen Gov fle, the Polish inhabitants—
judging by all appearances—are preparing for a new in-
surrection.

The following significant paragraph appears under a Posen
correspondence of July 10, M the Frank furter Journal of the
15th " General Von Brunneck, our present cominandai.t,
does not, like General Von Pfuel, to whom we ars all at-
tached, look for support to the German populaion ; on the
contrary, he keeps himulf isolated from them. On that ac-
count we draw more closely than ever to our highlT esteemed
governor, Lieut.-General Von S:einicker " the intelli-
gence conveyed in that paragraph is satisfactory, inasmuch
as it shows that the first.nsmed general officer does not in-
terpret the words " Polish re-organisation of the duchy of
Posen " into " you must keep down the Pules and support
the Germans alone "—an interpretation which was practi-
cally enforced by Gen. Von. Colomb. Another point in that
paragraph must not escape notice. Yon will keby it that
whilst Gen. Von Brunneck sympathises with the Poles, and
attempts to awry out the solsmnly and repeatedly promised
national (Polish) re-organisation, Gen. Von Steinacker is
driving the cmtrary way. Thin appears to be another repe-
tition of the solemn farce, or rather the sanguinary tragedy,
of Gen. Von Willisen versus Gen. Von Colomb.

The trial of the four persons charged with being ring-
leaders of the rioters, who, on tha 14th ult., forcibly pene-
trated into the arsenal in Berlin, commenced in that city on
the 12th, and was continued on the two following days.
A considerable reduction'of the stump duty on newspapers
(native and foreign) will be shortly proposed in Prussia by
the Minister of Finance.
. _ .

It is asserted in the Mein sad Mosel Zeilung, that many
persona who assisted in raising the barri.dea in Berlin, in
March last, were paid for their labour, in bad French coin,
resembling Napoleons (20 franca).
Nearly all the creditors of the banking house of Abraham
Schaffhausen of this city have agreed ►o carry on the busi-
ness for their joint benefit.
The pamphlet of Princo Adalbert, of Prussia, respecting
the formation of a German fleet, is exciting much attention
throughout the confederation. His royal hiahneas sets forth
hat as a minimum the fleet should consist of 20 ships of the
line, 10 frigates, 30 steamer,, 40 gun boats, and 80 gun
sloops ; urg, a the neces,ity of pas-mg a law compelling
mariners, in case of a war, to enter the fleet, and asserts that
in the year 1847, " the Prussian merchant navy (vessels ex-
ceeding 2.5 tone) and the coasting trade employed 8,411 men,
exclusive of fishermen." The prince, however, does not
enter at all upon the " main chance," the cost of forming
such a navy, or rather, the mode in which the needful can be
raised.

It is now all but certain that the German republicans
have resolved to make another desperate attempt
after the harvest has been got in. During the last
few days numerous persons belonging to the work-
ing classes have left for Switzerland, is order to
join Hecker's partisans. The Freiburg Gazette declares in
rout.d terms that in Mayence, Treves, and other re•
publicans are regularly enlisted for the corps in SwitzLrland.
The governin: nt of Basle (campagne) has resolved at last,
according to the tiarbruhe Zeaung, to remove Hecker horn
Multenz (a place lying quite adjacent to the German fron-
tiers), and to assign him Waldenburg as his temporary resi-
dence. In a letter from the above republican leader, pub-
lished in the Neue Rbeinische Zeitung of this day, he de-
clares that all the statements respecting tho enlistment of
partisans fur him are false..

•
KUSTRIA:--We have the Vienna journals of the
12th., up to which date the new Austrian ministry had
not been formed, at least had not been announced in
Vienna.

The following is from a correspondent :
VIENNA, MAY 10.—The new ministry has not y. t been
formed. Indeed, Dobblhoff is only empowered to propose a
ministry for the acceptation of the Archduke, who is still at
Frankton. The names spoken of are—Weiss-nberg,
Foreign Affairs ; Dobblhoff, Home • Schwartzcn, or Hobert,
Commerce ; Meyer, or Stith, or Hubner,i Finance ; Auers-
berg, War ; Lttour desired to keep the war-office.
Neither Radetski nor Windischgratz will obey any more
orders from Vienna.
. . . .

One hundred and eghty.six deputies attended the prepara•
tory meeting. The Gallican peasants crowded to the right,
apparently of the unwashed, and indulged in the most
aboriginal mode of blowing their noses. When .t was ;.st; to
the vote that ne language should be used tat German, these
gentlemen roue for the affirmative...nel were consmerabl,
surprised, when made aware, that tnev naa
One hundred and twenty memoert tnree.fourths of 'le
assembly, crowded to the extreme kr.

We have accounts from Pest' 12 .(.11. The
Hungarian troops bad taken- ixisisese.on of the town
of Barasd, but had exec^. r.zeed a check near
the village of St. Mically. The Hungarian
troops amount to 52,000 men, who will be
shortly reinforced by 40,000 voluntaries. The
fortifications of Arod have likewise been got into
a state of defence. The insurgents have plundered
and fired Szolos and St. Michael. In the numerous
ministerial conferences with the deputies the ministry
has already secured the ready assistance of the lower
house, and can therefore take its measure without
hindrance. The proposal of the Archduke John, that
one of the Hungarian ministry and the Bann Jolla-
chich should repair to Vienna, to consult about the
settlement of the existing difference, has been edicted
by our ministry, which refuses to act with the
traitorous Jellachich, and will negotiate with none
but deputies of the Illirians legally elected. The other
proposal of the Atchduke John respecting the union
of the Hungarian ministry of finance with the
general Austrian ministry has met with an
equally unfavourable reception. In Carlowitz
a fearful, bloody engagement has taken place, and
the whole city is now standing in flames. In Neu-
satz, also, there have been bloody scenes. In Agram
numerous arrests have been made. Private intelli-
gence which we have received states that the Ilun-
garians have t aken the city of Varasd in. The Hungarian
soldiery, who are now aivided into three encamp-
ments, number 25,000 men, but the ministry have re-
solved to raise an additional levy of 200,000 men.

The intelligence from Trieste is to July 9. The
governor of thr, coast has to-day received the follow-
ing despatch from General Albini, commander of the
Sardinian squadron in the bay of Trieste:

BAT OF TRIESTE, JULY 9,—May it please your Excel-
lency—l have the honour to inform you that in consequence
of orders just received from my' government, the squadron
which I have the honour to command will permit the en-
trance into the harbour of Trieste, as well as the departure
from thence, of all merchant vessels, those under the Austrian
flag not excepted, provided they have not on board either on
their arrival or on their departure troops, arms, warlike
stores, or articles which are deemed contraband iu naval war,
for which purpose they will be subject to examination. In
order that merchant ships, the Austrians included, may not
receive damage from the Italian fleet, I request your excel-
lency to inform the merchants that no ship wi I be permitted
to cross the line of Italian ships of war stationed for the
maintenance of the blockade of the harbour of Trieste.
Vessels attempting to do this will be fired upon.
At nightfall all the merchant ships must always cast anchor
at gun-shot from the Italian squadron. Those entering
landwards, those departing seawards, to undergo the above-
named examination at daybreak. I Mail myself of this
opportunity to inform your excellency that it the Italian
;Teel should at its I,nding be exposed to the slightest Moon-
ven'ence by the authorities, it will not, as hitherto, remain
tn,,fleasive. I hope that your excellency will, with your
usual cueumspection,
_ issue the necessary orders in this
matter.—s nave the honour to remain, with every sentiment
of esteem, yous excellency's obedient servant, Rear-Admiral,
Gm:mender of toe squadron of his Majesty the King of
Sarainis, ALBION'.
TRANKFORT.—The memorable declaration of
the k'ng Hanover (referred to in recent communi-
cations) was the subject of discussion in the Frankfort
assembly on the lath nst. M.ll esendonck presented
a motion to the effect that the central provisional
power should repulse, by the intermediary of its re-
sponsible ministers, the pretension and threats of the
Hanoverian ministers. The deputies from Hanover
presented a declaration in which they stated that
they did not consider themselves to be deputies for a
particular state, but deputies of the German propie,
and the terror of the royal letter would not prevent
them from fulfilling their duty towards Germany. A
warm debate, during which many amendments to
M. Wesendonek's motion were proposed, ensued. The
assembly did not consider this declaration of the
Hanoverian deputies explicit enough. Ultimately the
following amendment was pat and adopted, M. IVe-
sendonck abandoning his motion : " The National
Assembly decides that the central provisional power
shall demand the recognition by Hanover of that
power unconditionally." The Assembly then adopted
the conclusions of the committee, declaring that the
prohibition by Austria of the exportation of specie
was detrimental to the other German states and in-
compatible with the unity of Germany. The King of
Bavaria and the Duke of Nassau have arrived in
Frankfort.

THE AGRICULTURAL Sflow.—ln your report of
the proceedings of the Royal Agricultural Society's meet-
ing E York, in the Express of July 12, Mr. Whitehead,
of Bedford, is slated to have gained the prize of 201. for the
best machine for making draining tiles and pipes. Permit
me to carrect the mistake ; Mr. Jobs Whitehead, of Preston,
Lancashire, is the individual. If convenient, I 'h.& feel
obliged by • notice of the error in your paper.—Joan
WELITEHISAD, Preston.—July 15.