The Express.
London, England, 1853-08-23 00:00:00

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LONDON, TUESDAY, AUGUST 23.

71st: great trade now carried on with Australia
excites much interest and some alarm, on mount of
its rapid increase. The valor of our manufactures
exported thither in 18.50 was 2,602,232 L, and in
1152, 4,222,205/. This does nut include brandy,
Geneva, and other foreign products which we also
send to the colonies. The returns of the exports of
our manufactures published in the first half of the

present year, though incomplete, show a great excess
above the exports of 1832. It will, however, be read-
leettd that the great increase of the exports to
Australia began in the latter half of last year, and it
is not probable that the excess in the last six months
of 1833 over the last six months of 1832 will be as
great as tte excess of the first six months. Still
enough is known—the value, for example, of the
woollens exported to New South Wales, including
Melbourne, South Australia, and Van Diemen's Land
having been 67,2131. in the first half of 1832, and
462,3011. in the first half of 1833 —to justify the
conclusion that the value of the exports in 1833
will be four or five times as great as in 1830,
or they will reach the gnat sum of 10,000,0001. or
12,000,000/. This is exclusive of the specie sent to
the amount of 6,000,0001. in exchange for bullion,
and exclusive of the exports of commodities of foreign
growth or production. The vast extent of our awe-
gate trade may make some persons look on this aro
traffic with indifference; but, in fact, its growth is
one of the marvels of the time, and its amount at
present abort equals the eighth part of our whole
trade in the year 1840.
The exports from the Australian colonies have at
tho same time very much increased. In the two
years the gold has amounted to 16,430,000 i.
The other exports may be put down et
1,500,000 i. a year, making, since the gold
began to arrive—a period of twenty months—the
value of the exports about 19,000,0001. They are
more likely hereafter, as industry gets better orga-
nised under the new circumstances of the Colony,

to be above than below 15,000,0001. a year, and
likely to increase continually. There is good rea-
son, therefore, for the interest the trade now ex-
cites; and in Cie general apprehension which all
statesmen feel at new and unanticipated circum-
stances they will find ground for alarm.
For the mercantile community these circum-
stances teem with hope and satisfaction rather than
with fear and discontent. An immense mass of new
wealth is found in Australia; it sets in motion an im-
mense deal of new industry, and its products are a
fair payment for all the enlarged imports into the
colonies. It is no fictitious trade, but a real barter
of gold, the produce of much digging and washing,
and of wool and hides, the produce of much care and
labour, fur cotton., and woollens, and silks, and beer,
and ale, the valuable or exquisite products of our
skill and industry. The market there may, from the
eagerness with which men now ship goods to it from
all countries, be overdone; a check may arise
to exports; some parties may burn their fingers,
but it is impossible that such a great new trade,
,oundtd on palpable wants in the two hemispheres,
and on tangible wealth, should fail to enrich the
world. The enterprise excited by the gold disco-
veries may, in a few particular instauces, be die utrons,
but the general stimulus they supply, rousing into
unknown or unwonted activity the energies of in-
dustry in every civilised nation, must improve the
habits and increase the productive power of all.
It must be remembered, however, that all the
newly-discovered wealth of Australia will not neces-
sarily none to England. The position of the coun-
try—much nearer to India, China, the Mauritius, the
Cape of Good Hope, and the western coast of Ame-
rica than to England--and the wants of the people
requiring great quantities of tea, sugar. spirits, and
flour that cannot so readily be conveyed from our
country—at once convinces us that other countries
will largely share with us in the newly-found trea-
sures. Much of the gold which comes hither is in-
tended probably to pay for flour sent from the United
States ; for brandy and wine sent from France or
Span; or fur tea sent from China, or sugar sent
from the Mauritius or the East Indies. The cost of
transmitting the gold hither is small; from here,
owing to the many ramifications of our commerce, it
loftily diffused ; debts in every place can be paid
with it, and it is a greet error to suppose that all
which comes hither belongs to us, and comes exclu-
sively to pay for what we have sent to Australia.
Silver, to illustrate this coarse by one example, is
comparatively more valuable in Asia than gold, as
gold is comparatively more valuable in London than
in Calcutta, because here it is used us coin, and there
it is not. To the injury of ourAustraliancolunies,which
produce much gold, and consume much tea and
sugar, the East India Company still prohibits the
use of gold as money in Hindostan. The conse-
quence is that instead of gold being sent thither di-
rectly from Australia, it is sent hither to buy silver
to be exported to India in its stead. All that comes
from Mexico is bought for India. The Mint regula-
tions of India inflict a double injury on two classes
of her Msiesre's subjects. They prevent the na-
tives of Hindostan from having a convenient
gold currency, and they depreciate the va-
lue of the chief products of Australis.
This is not right. Nobody could desire
that the East India Company should take any arbi-
trary measure to reduce its debt by altering the
standard ; hut it treats the tax-payers of India un-
fairly when with a kind of priggish honesty, of
which it shows very little on other occasions, it re-
fuses to take the chances of the market and persists
in maintaining a silver standard, because in that it
contracted a debt. As a great trade is growing up
betwixt Australia and India, it dots as great a wrong
to the Australians by continuing to prohibit the
use of gold coins as the Australians would
do were they to prohibit the consumption of the
productions of India. IVhat, however, it is espe-
cially necessary to impress on our readers frau this
example is, that the gold of Australia comes hither
in part to pay the debts of the Australians in other
countries, and that it is a great error to suppose
because it may all come hither that it will all remaia
here. _ _ _

must inform the labourers of England, too,
Low. %lir mufti their service, may now be in demand
in Australia, that the conipamtive vicinity of that
econ,trr ta Indic and China will expose them to
couipetiti.m with the Chinese and the Ifindoo cou:its,
who consume in cub day only a few handfuls of
rice. Amongst the advertisements in a Sydney
paper of May 9, we find the following:

Perri' s r quirinz servant- nf
the above description are requesie : to sie.ly at tic office ,t
the anctersigned.—R. Tow Nn. Tnwns'• Whirl, `Jth ty
130 yr.urir able bulled men, 25 hay."

Theis Denims arc not quite as reit adapted to the