The Express.
London, England, 1847-06-01 00:00:00

DOCKYARD APPOINTMENTS.

In .Tt;
Mr. WARD stated that lir. Wallace, recently appointed
master shipwright in one of the dockyards, had received his
appointment as the reward of upwards of BO years: faithful
service in ► s►bordinate capacity.

BUSINESS OF THE SESSION.

Mr. DlVllTT;rOuldb;ii.atc7hear f oatlle noble lord
at the head ell the government what he intended to do with
the bilis easOlog on the paper for that evening.
Lent J. RUSSELL said that, with respect to the bills
aushered 2 sol 3on the paper the Registering of Births
441. (Ilasdull) Bill, and the Marriage (Scotland)
Bill, be laillllllll4 to fix them for Monday next, when his
Heals's+. tried the Led Advocate would state their general
purport, sal Irvin dome so would not proceed further with
thaadarisithe prePent elusion. (Hoar.) With respect to the
iaboliselsea Couniude• am Bill, which Mood No. 14, it was
to lb samisloa absolutely necessary that some amendment
*Bahl Ishe plass in the composition of the ecclesiastical
somoisisa, bat se the particular mode in which he sought
to elasla that aoseelaesent had not met the approval of high
authorities, he should postpone that measure also until next
maks. The Railway Bill he poposed to take on Monday
next, the debate on Portugal did not intervene, and en
Tha=ihraLe reposed to proceed with the Radish Poor Law.
Oa the 14th in.t. he proposed to take the Health
et Timm He looked upon that bill as one at peat
and although there was much alarms, of
wee yet time to bring it to a posoporoso maga.

"--Sir R. INOLIS begged to ask the eight hiesenhle
the Secretary of State for the Rea, Depolarise whoa
was intended to be dons with the Dean of Mak in
Tr* Exemption Bill ? It had absedy maid kr sena
years as a continuance b 11.
Sir G. GREY said be mooed, Upon* OD brie the bell
read a 'mond time that enninir.
The codas of the day mentioned by Lad .he Rumen
were then severally read and postponed.
NEW BISHOPRICS.
_— . _

Mr. COLLETT(Tthlo;;);;Ce;l;lletierit was the
inten-
tion of gevernment during the present session to introduce
any WI creating additional bishops • and if se, whether they
intended that such bishops should have seats in the House of
Lords t_ _

I.oed J. RUSSELL said it was the intention of goventment
to introduce in the other house of parliament a bill repeal-
ing that portion of meting acts by which the dioceses of St.
Asapb and Bangor were united. (Hear, beer.) It wag likes
visa intended to provide for the creation of a bishop of Man-
chester, but it was not intended that the number of bishops
baying seats in the House of Lords should be increased, nor
that the bishoprics should be provided for out of other than
ecclesiastical funds.

THE WELLINGTON STATUE.
Mr. C. BERKELEY wished to know whether the noble
teed at the bead oldie Wooda and Forests was yet in a con-
dition to answer the question of which he had given notice,
"Milrthe Wellington Statue ?
, RUSSELL, said that the committee for collecting
s had declared that until the scaffolding was
tilllbr=adown the statue could not be fully seen. He
we. that that was now done, and on Thursday
=lmpel to be prepared with an anst: to the hon.
quatket.

POOR RELIEF (IRELAND) BILL.
Lord 3. RUSSELL, in sewing the oonsideratien of the
Lew& einsmdments to the above bill, wished to recall the at.
hentles of the char to what had occurred on the 24th July,
WM whew Lord Dunfermline was Speaker. He hoped
Het keep* that precedent in view, the right hon. gentle-
men in the chair would state to the house his opinion as to
hew he thaw amendments interfered with the privileges of
the Mete.
The !WEARER bad no hesitation is 'nylon that the
amendments made by the Lords to the Irish Poor Law Hill
sad a, Landed Property (Ireland) Bill were infringements
of dm of the Hume of Ommems. In the ewe of
08 English Poor Lsw Hill In lin sod is that of the Irish
Poor Law Bill in 1838, in Ali ememlemeia of a similar
character had been introduced by the Leeds, the House of
Commons waived their privileges by entertaining and agree-
to those amendments, and it um for the house to deride
whether in the present cam they should follow the same
muse, or whether they should adhere to the practice which
prevailed previous to 183 t. He, however, knew of so pre-
cedent whatever where, in coy messare for authorising issue,
out of the cooe,lidated fund, 'Utter by way of loan or
witerwtes, the Suise or Lords hut introd•..tv:tt amend.
astute for the purpose of diverting such advances from the

purposes for which the Commons had voted them, or in say
was altering their appropriation, the Hesse of Commons
had entertained or agreid to such amendments. Such was
not the principle of the amendments made by the Dods to
the bills of 1834 and 1838, nor to the bills then under coo-
sideration. (Rear, hear. )
The order of the day for the consideration of the amend-
ments to the Poor Relief (Ireland) Bill having been read,
Lord J. RUSSELL, after reading the opinion give by 1
Lard Dunfermline, in 1838, with which he said the view
taken by the pprreessenwt Speaker perfectly accorded, observed
thmt the gssetfsaagsesoaaideration were, first, whether the
anetionestes leileadteed by their lordships in the present
illai SIM WM& OW Wail principle of those case* in which
the bran had ameeMel ft Wake its privileges ,• and se-
emly. ishildher, that being admitted, it was expedient that
the MOM should follow that coon on the present occasion ?
Time ewe in which thalami had so waived its privileges
wen a heal taxation—not general taxation for any len of
the Mate; and in the last, the object of the amen ment
was to divide the burden about to be imposed, according to
certain districts, to be called electoral divisions. The object
of the principal amendment in the present bill was of pre-
cisely the same character, and had entirely the seine mope ;
that brine the ease. be did not think it advisable for the
house to press the point of privilege against the amendment
which their lordships had introduced. (Cheers.) This
amendment proposed to maintain the electoral divisions for I
the new burdens on the rate-payers in the same manner as
under the present Irish poor-law. It contemplated no new
provision, no increase of the burden imposed by the bill, nor
and deviation from its objects; but the lords, admitting the
' objects, and agreeing that an increased burden should
be laid upon Irish property for the relief of Irish
1 poverty, declared that it should be laid on accord-
' ing to the distinctions established by the existing
act of parlinnient. (Hear, hear.) That being the view with
which the amendment was proposed and carried in the other
house, this was, he thought, a case in which the house would, I
as Lord Dunfermline had said, weaken rather than
strengthen its privileges, by refusing on the ground of pri-
vilegeto entertain it. (Hear, hear.) But it was another
qui suon whether, on other grounds. it would be expedient
to agree to that amendment. (Hear, hear.) They must
consider in what state the Lords had returned this bill to
the Commons. The measure was important and extensive
in its nature. It extended relief, in the first place, to all the
old, disabled, and infirm. whether in or out of the work-
house ; secondly it extended relief to the able-bodied poor
within the workhouse, if there was room, and out of doors if
there was not. In respect to these, the two great principles
of the bill, the Lords had left it untouched, and had there-
fore agreed to the main objects of the measure. (Hear.) And
with regard to the other amendment*, they were not such
as were generally injurious to the main objects of the measure.
They had heard of a clause for limiting the duration of the 1
act (or three years. Such a proviso would, in his opinion,
have been moat injurious to the working of the law, and
operated es • premium to agitation for the purpose of pre-
venting the re-enactment of the law, and so throwing off the
burden at the end of the three years ; but they had not to
deal with this point, for no such clause appeared in the bill.
(Hear, hear.) There had been also a rumour of a clause for
throwing the whole burden of the rate on the tenant instead
of en the landlord and tenant, so it now was; but that
rumour was without foundation, for no each clause appeared
in the bill. (" H. sr," and • laugh.) With respect to the
main features of the bill, therefore, he was happy to my it had
come down unchanged, and he was prepared to look at
the amendment lowhich he had before referred with differ-
! nit feelings than he should have regarded it with, had it
been accompanied by others which would have prejudiced
the working of the measure. And though he still considered
it would have been better to charge the rate up to Is. 3d. in
the pound on the electoral division, and beyond that en the
union at large, in order that too heavy a burden might not
fall on the towns by the influx of paupers into them from
the rural districts, he would not oppose this amendment.
Besides, another clause had been introduced which in some
measure counteracted its evil tendency. Their lordships
had, instead of the 12th clause, introduced a proviso that no
person should be deemed a resident in such electoral divi-
sion, unless for thirty months Cut of the previous three
years he should have occupied some tenement within
it. This provision would prevent persons in the neigh-
bourhood of towns turning out their poor tenants
is the expectation that they would be immediately
relieved in the town division. l'here was another clause he
would allude to. As the bill paned that house, as many magis-
trates as there were elected guardians in each union were to be
appointed by election amongst the magistrates themselves
as ex officio guardians. The lords had altered this in so far
as the election was concerned, and had provided that those
magistrates who were rated highest to the poor-rate, to the
number of the elected guardians, should be the ez offic:o
guardians; but there was also another proviso, that if the
highest rate-payer should happen to be non-resident, then his
agent should be appointed. mi. he thought a most injurious
provision, as giving en undue advantage to the non-resident
proprietor ; and he could imagine that it would be
grating to the feelings of a resident gentleman,
rated perhaps at 1,000!. a year, to see a
who was rated ['crimps at 2M1., take his place at the =
because he happened to be the representative of a nonresi-
dent proprietor. He would naturally complain, that, while
he resided on his property, attended to the duties of his
station, bore its burdens, and was exposed to its fatigues and
its dangers, a non-resident proprietor had an advantage over
him, and, by a nominee or proxy, took his plate. (Hear,
hear.) That was a proviso from which he should alk the
house to dissent. (Hear, hear.) There were other amend-
ments, but they were mere matters of detail.
Several of the verbal amendments were then read end
agreed to.
On the clause (11) for confining the rata to the electoral
district being reed,
Sir D. NORREYS moved that the original clause be re-in-
serted, on the ground that the effect of throwing the burden
on the electoral division would be, to overwhelm the towns
with paupers, and relieve the rural districts from a charge
which they ought to bear, as having contributed most to
the creation of pauperism. As the subsequent clause stood,
it was not necessary that the pauper should have occupied a
tenement for the 30 months, to entitle him to relief, which
he admitted might, in tome degree, relieve the pressure;
but it was sufficient if he usually slept in the district.
Mr. CALLAOHAN seconded the motion.
Mr. S. O'BRIEN said that the objections of the hon.
baronet to the lords' amendment had already been answered,
and he tendered his best thanks to the government for at
once easedd#g to that aseendemat.
it J. ***HAM said that M the throe as it originally
stood be had given his most tweed lappet, esmeiving it to
be just awl *hie, and the beet anangemest that could be
made. Laded, so impotent bed the reernmeet menbleved
it, that the Secretary of State for the Home Department bad
declared that =lces some such arrangement were come to
for preventing an overwhelming sad intolerable burden
from falling cm the *Worst divisions *Neagh the medium
of the hewn* the amaseee mast break down. Such being
the view tithe rifflanuesat. they wenbLbare been fully jus-
ed by the preeedente rommasended by hewer
by Lord Colebeeller, in the can of an 11•11111NINI VIM=
had been altered by the Home of Leach; and by Lord Dm-
fermline, in the can of the Irish municipal and poor-law
billa—in rejecting( the present measure in consequence of the
alteration nude in this clause. But he did not advise that
mom, biomes he speed ebb the noble lord that it would
be met sehaeltote la the
is* circumstances of Ireland,
if the memere, ingeetted h he felt it to be by that
altwatim shoat*m he this session. (Hear, hear.)
The twos wen ate of substantial grievance as affecting the
owes ia Irelead„ to which, by the clearance system adopted
by hearth is the rural districts, numbers of destitute per- '
sens flea* end would become chargeable on the
eletheed Malice. Hoidee, the representatives of 1
the desks* divisions in the boards of guardians,
would always be a mini mbserity, and the great majority '
would ham an Mewed is axing the electorkl divisions
with the eherge of sminteining the poor. He greatly feared,
thasefore, that this essendment of the lords maid prove
Obaraty, and not seleteetial • that the towns would suffer
by Is • bony grineamthat ihe anion minty rate maid be
Opt done, while the eiselend divisions meld be heavily
semi; ark woresnee, the*, so mare as they sat 11161., the
burden et mainWeing Wm destitute poem who would be 1
Irst deem upon the brume of Ireland, would ultimately be 1
ermined to the gee** this country ; as, Wood, was at
Cllthe ease in the towns of lose end Liverpool,
ie ble Weft of which places 160,012 moons had landed 1
hem Inland doe the limaise eammeed. (Hear, hear.)
Than the thatheliset end pauppeima whisk had so much de-
graded the Ida peemet, math be extended to this country,
atts ohs te ode of ft pee* and grievous a nature as
w loin In s keg its active Interference of parlia-
ment leg m
tingellire, depiered the alteration side by the
Hems of leelik_but net being prepared to risk the los of
the bill, he lest White Ohre he divided with the hon.
beawast ; ho le& brrever, that at a future 11110/e
mement, sheath brie sophism be verified, the
miler
would not isolate le poem the clause as it Bleed.
Si 0. GREY mid his opinion, rightly rammed the
right hon. bum*, had not undergoese any modificatiaa, and I
he hardly dilliNed in any respect from the right has..
tome Hest he thought the right hoe. baimmi had
other mehmeled the clause substituted by the Mew 1
el Igralaii==•• puma will be eamidered resident
is the he shall have resided within it SO
media out et themeseding 36, instead of 12 made eat d',
tibly4=uti Haddes, there was another dime insetted;
eto the Poor-law coutededeeme le
revise the eiseesearsrs
divisions. He felt with the eiht bee.
Memel and his noble Mend, that the importanes et-the bill
was se preat, they mot net risk its las In the imam Mao
she. upon that greed slam he meeseied le the lids'
amentiment ; ad with this Mama ailky that if it meted
as the right he. Monet antielpated, he alieuld, like lbw,
lip for that amplithes milleillit rime the bill *pi be
reamed to its °right* MM. (Hear, hear.)
Mr. LEFROY supported the lards' aminthemat as more '
meileable, as well as mac beneficial.
Mr ROBERT INGLIS mid that the opeeties they were
asked le emeider was whether they would adept the lords'
samminsais er lee the bal. If the bill was merely to be
visited end net het, he should sty that theme amendments
shall be rejoin, and a esnlimense with the lords de- 1
seeneled. The law, by • large isteewity, had carried the
MU, and sent it up to the lords; what rams was there that
they limii sow stultify their former p , and par
what ens *totally different measure 1 It was admitted both
by the eight hoe. baronet, the member he Denehseler, and
the ARO bon. baronet the Ham atesessey that this bill,
as it stood, would work m ill Wit the hew ;Mali have to
alter it at a more favourable mestmg. Mu* It was better
in a cam of great practical dlistaltp te moss sow and
endeavour to make the bill as ass* es they could than to
risk its working ill in is preen* hem. end te
come
house in another eetsiou and SW that they had done wrong
in the
in assenting to the amendaisute of the other house and call
feeerepneeerliemmigehett rtermresayerethistiranbdnlliteetheugitotenalit eitrweteastane: alAteerneeri--
tie. which Fad oft, horn adopted.
Lord C. HAMILTON supported the proposition of the

THE EXPRESS, TUESDAY EVENING, JUNE 1, L

In the araeadmerlti althea he did
WAVE wthei4Maranniti.toni.
vied; aisepliftrits einended Wit* g
Lord G. BENTUICK was at • Ices nd how
the tendency of those amendments would be Mood. Ear
lead with Irish enapers. He could age amesive what
Moreno it wwM nuke if paupen were Mined by Mks
in anima eledelal diehtione, for it would be
_walk ei
emergence% hedh le get rid of them. If he theirght that
i that would be the tendency of the amendments he weed!
resist them ; bet he thought that this country would be
flooded with such paupers until they were employed or wese
relieved by a system of colonisation. In his opiates the
smaller the district over which the rating was spread, the
grear would be the disposition to employ the people. His
te
idgkt hon. friend (Sir J. Graham) had not been so scrupu-
lous about the forms of the house in 11335, when they adopted
the lords' amendments to a bill, by which all tinementa
under 41. were subjected to rates, which they were not by
the bill as it was sent up from this house. If, therefore,
dry new rejected these amendments, the house would seem
lor be nether capricious about its privileges.
Sir H. W. BARRON thought the amendments went to
reedy in some degree the evil of the large met of taxation
witch now existed in Ireland. No English members would,
incept those connected with towns, wish to see union r
adapted in this country. The rating by Ire
mmited the landbr from employing the poor ; and fora
alien he had received, particularly from the county of
Waterford, so great was the :.farm at the prospect of payee,
ram, that the farmers were mostly prepering to emigrate.
Mr. CURTEIS would support the motion of the hen.
member for Mallow if he divided, and he would not receive
the lords' amendments, nor did he believe they would dare
to refuse to pass this bill.
Mr. P. SCROPE was unwilling to risk the bill by reject-
ing the lords' amendments, and he thought the effect of •
conference would only be to substitute the original clause
for the present one, which was not much better, for both
tended to keep up the rating by electoral divisions, and not
by unions. The effect of this was to encourage the clearance
of estates, and endeavour' to get rid of the population, and to
cast the burden on the towns, which would only be halting-
places in the peerage of paupers to the British coast. At this
moment the clearance system was going on to a fearful extent.
ba Mayo whole villages were rased to the ground, and the
=non hunted out. It was the same in the county of
and at Skibbercen one Lindh-el set fire to • house le
which was • sick tenant whom he wished to evict. (Cries ,
of " Name.") In Waterford, as he was informed by Dr.
Fogarty, the parish priest of Lientore, 140 houses had been
thrown down on the estate of a Mr. Usher.
Mr. B. OSBORNE.—He has contradicted thet eti.tement
Mr. P. SCROPE.—He stated it ::o the authority
of the catholic clergyman. There hat been eviction.
of at least 30 or 40 families, who lied been turned
adrift while perishing from famine ono fever, and any-
ore sheltering them received notice to quit. They
went therefore to the towns, which had to bear the burden.
The original clause was not only neeemery as a protection
to the towns of Ireland, but also for England. He held
that the burden of pauperism should be borne upon the spot
where it arises, and it was most unfair that the paupers
of Ireland should be shifted in an underhand and knavish
way upon the people of this country. (Hear, hear.)
Mr. SHEIL said that as the member for the borough of
Dunmire= he could not avoid expressing his regret that the
house of lords should have thought fit to introduce this
earoineut into the bill. He believed tho govern-
ment had been right in their original view, but at the
IMO IMO be thought it meat desirable to avoid any eol-
iths with the other house, especially at • crisis of
each =keen dlilleulty. However, to must enter hie
protest against the amendment, fraught, as he was an.
vinced it was, with evil. What was the existing fate of
things in the towns of the county in which he rendeds Its
Nenagh, the poor-rate amounted to 4e. 6d. in the pound,
while, in the electoral division within 20 miles, it was only
2d. in the pound. In Thurles, the rates were enormous,
while, within a few miles, they were only a few pews In
the pound; and from this amendment, in the towns of
Clonmel, Carrick-on-Stair, Thurles, Tipperary, Nenagh,
Roecres, and Borrisokane, the worst results would Bow.
He repeated, that the lords had made a signal mistake, awl
that the people of Ireland would, early next session, cell far
the r peal of the provisions of this clause.
Mr. B. OSBORNE, as one of the constituents at Dun-
garvan of the right hon. gentleman who had just sat down,
could bear his testimony to the accuracy of the eight
hoe. gentleman's statement with reference to the con
of that borough. But he was convinced that the govern-
ment looked upon this measure as a great and very question-
able experiment. nod he was satisfied that if this was not the
expiring year of the existing parliament, the bill would never
have been produced in its present shape. By this bill, the
property of Ireland was mortgaged to the poverty of Ireland,
and he felt certain that the mortgage creditor would soot
walk in and foreclose. Oa a future occasion he should
be prepared to support a measure which went
nearer than the present to the establishment of
• national &Teem of rating, but his object in
now rising was to call the attention of the right hon. gentle-
man
the secretary fur Ireland to the unjust mode of rating
the leaseholders of mines in Ireland. Ualike the practice in
Cornwall, where the rat* is levied solely on the lord or the
proprietor of the mines, in Ireland it was levied upon the
profits of the leaseholder, and the direct tendency of the eye.
tem would be to throw mining Ispeculatione wholly out of
Ireland. Now this was a subject which merited considera-
tion, for he could state that the Berehaven mines in the
county of Cork had so far been able to give full employment,
and from that district not one single person had been sent
to the poor-house. With respect to this measure, the credit
of it was due, not to the government, but to the boa.
member for Stroud (Mr. P. Scrape), who deer
hammering at this subject of a poor-law for Ireland en
all occasions, had at last got a poor-law paned. But he
must take upon himself to state that the accounts given by
the hoc. member as to evictionswere mere romances ; and
when the hon. member told the house the statements fur-
nished to him by Dr. Fogarty, he ought at least to have
read the public denials of those statements made in the
newspapers by Mr. Usher. In the same way the charges
brought by the hon. member on a former evening sealed
Lord Berehaven were without foundation, as he believed
the right hon. gentleman the Secretary for Ireland could
show from letters addressed to him by that noble lord. Os
the whole this bill would, he was convinced, prove a gnat
and lamentable failure, and its revision would be loudly
called for early in the next session of parliament. (Hear.)
Mr. LABOUCHERE said, with regard to the presort
state of the law in relation to the rating of mineral pawn*
in Ireland, he had been in communication with away pr.
ties, and, on the whole, it appeared to him that there was
just cause of complaint with reference to the et
the law. He thought the law ought to be en seeker
footing, but the passing of the present Poorlaw Bill Ad net
&Herd • meltable opportunity for effecting that obliist.with
respect he Lord Berehaven, he had received a letter ken
that sable lard denying the allegations made against him by
the bene, wisher for Stroud. Lord Berehaven, in his letter,
seated that he bad wholly applied the revenues of the Bantry
and !Waimea estates to be expended among his tenantry,
and that not one shilling had he himself taken,
and on the whole it appeared to be clearly manifest that the
noble lord had not only done his duty but had liberally ex-
erted himself to relieve the destitution of his poorer neigh-
bours. (Hear, hear.) With regard to the question now be-
fore the house, he thought the amendment made by the ,
Lord, would materially interfere with the good working of
the measure ; but he thought the course recommended by
his noble friend at the head of the government, and sup-
ported by his right hon. friend the Home Secretary, was the
meat proper and dignified that could be pursued.
Mr. P. SCROPE, in explanation, begged to state that the
allegations ha bid ands with reference to Lord Berebsven
had an lona hoed la ISM newspaper reports, but upon
the comelotiottleeie of els igewtlemen resident in the district,

one of whom was a Ilemen-catholie
Sir B. HALL obesseed that the sore. member he
Wycombe (Dlr. B. Osbeest) bad said that the stateminti
made with respect to the evictions of tenants In biendi
were all remises. Now, he held in his hand a return mato
the other boon et parliament, showing that in the whit of
Bethel', is the liseesiyef wly, Mayo, no lean then NO
evictions had been with, and, supposing dye to
compose es& no Um than 3,000 mewl bad been
turned oat onen_the'valediL (Hear, hear.) la the seedem.
nation widish lel been expressed of the Lords' Amen men
he (Sir B. Hall)meet sestislly joined. This mesesilmimit had
been carried by a meek sable lord, who hell a whir
sinecure cites, by meth of which km Teethed :a geed
deal of that wagdgee nisi which he wadi MR NNW to bi
destitute hilow-esontireen. The *milker bed bee. hi.
in another place, by the noble lord the Oemptreller of the
Exchequer,who washed to limit the experimeat of oat.lser
relief to a eer and a half. That noble hid held ogee welt
the whip—his ssm lemon a owe Aria of 1,2114 per
mom; sad, singe UM he hod lied eta
then 63,4601. glebe rabbi messy. adds lord bed bath
supported by eteseher Belle bed not nit 'Med sir
dee, or theihsdbee et the tollthe et his edge soil Wald
, Mbar, inedible wide Led arm dew with the sespedgm
thee, if the prine el eet-deer relief wee to be edge* he
Amid =OW tot IlAy passe who tothethed now
=able thep*of this bill, amid thr
hen hi welt Nat Men)
prepellism, if wadi Led to awl herseaft.
amplezrat The egg
iih has se ietitzihect the made hat
"41deem2:21 UP
et rieite.opsavkthe thmgatatb:4" that thd
e
the hill as it steed. (Hear.) lbw of the noble lorda who
bed supported the ailisiniedi ad not eldest to out deer
relief in itselr, but only to the plum where it was glom
They were not opposed to it in this seethey end, thirtieths.
:zioist= their peepers to Limped. The iketieberieg
having betoree an iambus an ask
win
thus dispend el. These things were act Is. girgildnas
in their privets espeity ; the mayor of Wexford had eel.lasted a ealiscriptica, not for the relief (lithe poor of hit owe
erentg=to freight a plague-ship for Liverpool, with 250
wretches. But, thanks to the care of the right
Mr . the Secretary of State for the Home Department, the
yellow flag was bedded, a quarantine was established, and
the plague was prevented spreading' in this country. (Hear.)
Was not that a fact
Sir H. W. BARRON—No.

Sir H HALL rid the home secretary had admitted it,
and it was capable of the strictest proof. But, taking the
caps more generally, was it not a Eta, that hundreds and
thousands of than poor wretches were now begging about
the streets of every large town in England, who ought
to have been supported by the Irish landlords at home
Mr. I). CALLAGHAN—I don't be'ieve it. (Laughter.)
Sir B. HALL said the hon. member would surely not deny
the evidence of his owis senses. (Hear.) It was weless for
Irish messabm to deny that the country had resources. Last
year the sums collected in that country for the relief of
the poor amounted to 435,001/. or only about 7d. in the
pound. He doubted not that the annual rateable prope• t)

in that country amounted to twenty millions ; and he
was of opinion with Sir R. Routh, that with such
That reecturees, so great an amount of desdhation
ought not to exist. Let the property of Ireland support the
lAA poor; for, with the continued drains made upon this
country for that purpose, it was impossible that things
could go on as they were. Much apprehension bad been
expreaeed as to the working of this measure; and he doubted
not that, in the next session of parliament loud complaints
would be heard es to the impracticability of the measure.
Should this be so, it would be the duty of the legislature to
adopt stringent measures for making it work. (Hear.) He
considered that the adoption of the amendment now before
the house would be a great disad tavange ; and he hoped that
in the next melon, goeernment would introduce some
measure which should authorise the re-shipment of Irish
paupers to their own country.
Sir H. W. B•unox and Mr. D. CALLAGIIAN euh said a
few words in explanation.
Mr. F. FRENCH said the Irish representatives had a
right to complain of the way in which they had been treated
by the bon. members for Dorietihise end Stroud, and other
hon. members; but they had every ground to be grateful for
the conduct of the Euglisb people. (Hear.) Still he denied
that England had done more than glee would have door, and
had done, on former occasions, for her own people. Recol-
lecting that the measures of the English legislature had
destroyed the linen end woollen trades of Ireland, and had
thus reduced the country to beggary, this country ought not
to upbraid them with btirg brp,gr re. (Hear.)
Mr. J. STUART said it appeared to him that the hon.
member for Marylebone (Str B. Ils11) had made a most
surprising use of the liberty of weds poesessed by members
of parliament. Ile had converted public matters into per-
sooal attacks on noble lords in the other house, possibly e kb
• view to influence the London public and to affect the Totes
of individual., elsewhere. (Hear.) This he considered a
gross saw,- of the privileges of the house. (" No.") If
any hon. member thought otherwise, let him get up and
avow it. The hon. baronet (Sir B. II*11) had distinctly
pointed out two noble individuals, and had offered to support
a moth's fur the repeal of en office held by one of those
noble lords. Was it lair thou to hold out • bill of pains and
penalties to restrain noble lords from declaring freely their
sentiments ?
Sir B. HALL wished to state what he had said. He had
maid that be should be willing to support a motion for re-
stricting to • year and a half the tenure of office of that
noble lord.-

Mr. STUART then alluded to the hon. naronet's remark,
on Lord Abinger, and asked if it was fair or proper to in-
dulge in mach attacks on absent men ? In the cue of the
mayor of Wexford, had the hon. member made inquiry u
to the facts, he would not have brought forward such •
charge. Tho fact was, the people had embarked at Liver-
pool for America ; they were wrecked on the coast of Scot-
land and the subscription alluded to was for the purpose of
sendirur beck there poor creatures to Liverpool, where they
had paid their last money, and where they certainly had a riiht
to relief. The hon. member then read a published state-
ment of the case which had been drown up in Liverpool, and
circulated there, for the purpose of raising subscriptions for
the unfortunate emigrants. Unless the hon. baronet (Sir B.
Hall) could deny these faits, his case could sot be main-
tained.

Sir B. HALL said his authority for the statement he bad
made, was a petition from the clergy and inhabitanta of
Liverpool, which was in the hands of every hon. member,
and which he believed to be perfectly true.
Mr. WATSON regretted that the hon. member who bad
last spoken had not told the house whether ho should sup-
port or oppose the amendments introduced into the bin in
the other house. The question now was, not as to the ship-
wrecked emigrants from Ireland, but whether the burden of
rating •ao to be thrown on the towns; entirely, or be shared
by the electoral districts. Hon. members had been charged
with speaking to their constituent' : he wished to speak for
' his constituents, and to state, that the borough be repre-
sented (Kinsale) would be all but ruined by the operation of
the bill as it stood. The poor-rote was now 2s. Gd. or 2a. 9d.
in the pound, while, in the rural parts of the electoral
division, it was only 2d. or 3d. In Kinsale there were
upwards of 1,100 paupers in the workhouse, which was only
calculated to accommodate 500. (Hear.) Within a few months,
60 or 70 second-class houses had become uninhabited ; and,
owing to the refusal of many occupiers to pay the rates, the
burden bad been mainly thrown on the owners of property.
The clause limiting the amount of rate in the towns to 2a. 6d.
was abeulutelv neceewy, if the towns were to be maintained
at all. If the bill was left as it stood, they would be uttery
depopulated. In the course of the present session he had
presented several petitions showing the gross tyranny which
was practised in the country districts in rcferenoe to the re-
lief of the poor; and he called upon the government to
cause a serious investigation to be made into this subject
Mr. 111'CARTfiY objected to the amendment being
adopted, and said that there ought to be a conference with
the lords on the subject. Not only the privileges of this
house, but the peace of Ireland, were involsed in this ques-
tion. To make this measure work well, it ought to
be framed so as to satisfy the minds of the Irish people.
The house divided—For the motion SO

Against it
The amendmeuts were then agreed to up to clams 17,
which way rejected.
Sir R. FERGUSON proposed to omit such parts of clause
ZS for the recovery of MU) disallowed which made the de-
rision of the auditor final.

Mr. F. FRENCH also objected to the clause.
Sir G. GREY supported the clause.
After some discussion, the house divided. The numbers
were—For the Lords' amendment
Against it
The amendment was then adopted.
LANDED PROPERTY (IRELAND) BILL.
On the order of the day for the consideration of the Lords'
amendments on this bill,
The CHANCELLOR of the EXCHEQUER said that
some dile amendments of the Lords were decided improve-
ments, but that others interfered with the privilege of the
Commons, and, therefore, could not be agreed to. These
latter provided for the application of the funds to the erection
of buildings not contemplated in the bill as sent up to the
Lords. This was a provision which, even if acceded to,
would be nugatory, seeing that the whole of the money
(1,500,0001.) had been already applied for, for drainage. If
there should be any balance left, the house might, next ses-
sion, consider whether the purview of the set might not be
extended so as to include the erection of grist mills, and
other useful agriculture/ buildings.
Mr. F. FRENCH complained that the west, the most
destitute portion of Ireland, was excluded from the advan-
tages of the bill.
Lord G. BENTINCH contended that a wise policy would
not strain too far the privileges of that house. In 1834, a
precedent was established for relaxing for the public good
their exclusive privilere as regarded money matters. He
should move that the Lords' amendments to this bill be
agreed to.
Mr. LABOUCHERE must oppose the amendment. He
trusted that the house would refuse is depart from the rule
which had always guided its proceedings. He opposed the
amendments solely on the ground of privilege, as he did not
think the point involved of much importance one way or
the other.

-Mr. 14iWDEGATE thought this claim to privilege was
based on • principle as narrow as he had ever heard of. He
entirely dissented from the principle the right hen. gentle-
man had laid down.
Mr. GOULBURN thought that by assenting to the Lords•
amendments they would be establishing a most fatal pre-
cedent.

After some further observations, the Lords' amendments
were negatived.
The Lords' amendments to clause 37 were also disagreed
to. Of the remaining amendments some were agreed to and
others disagreed to, and a committee was appointed to con-
fer with their lordships en the subject of the amendments.
DESTITUTE POOR (IRELAND):
On the motion of the CHANCILLOE of the ZxCnECtUrat
the house went into committee on this subject.
The CHANCELLOR of the EXCHEQUER, having
recapitulated the measures for the relief of the poor in Ireland,
by means of relief works, die., and the advances already
made for that IR; in the present session, stated
that his object in the present committee was to pro-
pOse • further advance, way of loan, on the security of
the rates, and on some future day it would be his duty to
propose a still further sum in relief of those rates in order to
make.prorision for the relief of the poor until the ensuing
harem. Uud-r the Public Works Act, since August lass,
4,700,0001 had been advanced, but be was happy to say that
ander the various measures since pared that system of relief
was rapidly drawing to a close, and except is some 28 or 30
electoral divisions the new system, which had been substi-
tuted for it, bad beau brought into operation, and whisk by
the co-operation elf thew limelpr try and rate-payers actin fa
M execution the ass to be answering the exposes-
tem Mold era. Me net mesa to my it was isaivemay
pepsine la UMW ; bat that was se hat symOsm eselag
that its eldest In some mama wee Se pat an end to that
system of ahem which had Mamba the administration of
relief by gable weeks. Great had been 'aperient**
in withdraw., pumas ham them end it wee
not till the mks be wanting the mabees on all
the relief works by 10 pee mat. that soy in that
eithibi
respect was rob It was, however. fad that
that measure had been secemil, mad to it was
attributable the withdrawal be. theme weeks of that labour
which was ssamary for cultivating the soil sad Sarin the
laid. tlisee the. • heather Mos*m had been made, mod
the remit bed been a very esasideraii" Madman. to the
expenditure of the Board of Waft fa Imbed, ea asemit of
these relief works. Par the week wlath Ikea
it was 259,0001. For the elm pried VI Mg.
161,0001, eat it the hut to sok of whisk
tuns—that Name the We of May—it bed ISM 0807
This radial all the indutge works and the relief rub of
every derdiptir. The no exported on the relief aeries
only bang sleet 40,0001., se • ralastice of .ore-gilts
The new erten of relief wee fa mare.= in 1980 elesearal
divisime. The number of posse' wasiviag Mime doily
in the lot week was 2,243,000. Tam was reams te be-
lieve that the expenditure had been wised odd& the
lowest pseible limits under the present system sad the
mated pains was taken to prevent waste. In a letter
dated the 29th of May, Sir John Burgoyne said that there
was • greet tendosey to keep down expenditure, mad that
the ocosaillose were reddog ettli Deal era swum That
effect had hoes predeut heat la the north mod the mei of
Ireland. Wood ildieu, a roglitesto at Title,. said
that the Miss orlon brought Itsee taxation
more immediately te the bliiimers, and the. minds
were sooner teepremad with the seinisehr that the
had solved when they mast dire argioy ehe peeg7y or
support them in tameas. There ha been toateroa. it pp-
peered, in which net only private piths. bot emayeW
committees, bad 'tempted to extort mem Om was anew
sassy. In one case a relief committee had applied fse 2,000
more re, loos than the whole popilatiss of the elestoraldis-
trict. ( Laughter.) Such eases, however, were exceptional;,
'gen, rully speaking, the relief appeared to be very fairly ad-
ministered. (Hear, bear.) The practice was te make

grants when the rate exceeded a certain amount in the
pound. From the last report of the commissioners, extend-
ing up to the 10th of May, it appeared that the sum actually
advanced up to that time, on loan, was 77,0001., while the
sum granted was 2,8591. ; since 'chi& period the whole of
the 300,0001. voted in March had been placed to the credit of
the treasurers of the finance committees in the different
anions; and applications had been forwarded to the Trea-
sury for about 600,0001. more. The great security against
lavish expenditure was, that loans were granted on the seets•
rity of rates to be forthwith levied, saddle rate-payers them
selves were thus interested in • proper administration of relief.
In ono union, for example, that of Ballybar, through the
interference of the ratepayers, 100 persons not justly entitled
to relief had been struck off thc list. Much abuse had been
prevented, and health had been greatly promoted by the
distribution ef cooked instead of raw food. Guarded by the
checks which he had mentioned, he believed the system in
operation was producing the most beneficial effects at a much
less expense than attended that by which it was preceded.
(Hear, hear.) One of the most energetic persons
employed by the British Association, in • letter
dated the 25th of May, dated that in the Westport union,
where so much distress had prevailed, out of 78,000 persons,
26,000 were receiving daily rotions, while the ant under the
present system was only half that incurred under the pre-
vious one. 65,000 ratione of Indian meal, at 151. per ton,
amounted, he said. to 2,2751., which by various contingen-
cies was sweiled to 2,5001. The'relief by means of the public
works was 4,7001. or thereabouts, and the grants by the
British sad other associations and by private charity
raised the total amount to 5,0001. Besides being
cheaper, however, raid the writer, the system was
more effective, and this wee, in fact, its great recommenda-
tion; the country was daily meowing a more cheering
esp.ct. The money how required was to be issued by instal-
ments, and the best estimate which he mild form was
that 2,600,0001. would be the coat up to the harvest, one
half to be raised by loan end the remainder by rate. The
right hon. gentleman concluded by proposing a resolution
fur granting 600,0001. on account of the loan fund fur the
relict of destitute persons in Ireland.
In repl to questions from Sir J. GUARAM,
The C[ ANCELLOR of the EXCHEQUER said that
the estimate requited to provide the necessary number of'
rations between the 21th of May and 2dth September would
be 2,6.51,0001. at 21d. per ration ; that the 4,700,0001. issued
under the Relief Works Act of last session would be repaid
in twenty half-yearly instalments; that the first instalment,
to be presented (or next summer assizes, would be
payable before the spring assizes of 1343; that
the instalment fur the grand jury presentment of
tact year, and the first instalment under the Public
Work. Act of last year were payable at the summer
anises ; the one about 11,0001., the other 24,000/. ; and that
they had intimated to the commissioners that they were to
inform the committees that the second instalment
would not be issued until the rate was in progress
of collection. Ho believed the rates were struck, or notice
for striking them given, in all the unions concerned, but the
government had no accounts to show that they were in '
course of being levied.
Mr. AGLIONBY observed that the amount of money
raised in this country fur the relief of Ireland. whether as I
loan or gift, was becoming must frightful. (Hear. hear.)
lie feared the government were not aware of the scene of
confusion that was going on between the government officers
and • large number of the relief committees, or of the abuses
which rendered the relief small in proportion to
the greatness of the amount adrancci. He suggested that
they should not rely on printed reports, however high the
authority (loin which thy emanated, but appoint a com-
mission or a committee through which they no,ght become
intimately acquainted with the whole facts oldie ease.
Mr. LABOUCIIERE called the house to witness if he
had not repeatedly admitted that immense abuses must be
the necessary concomitants of the extraordinary measures
which had been adopted, and which had been
demanded by an unparalleled state of things. By
those measures they Last saved the lives of thousands,
and considering the difficulty of the task that had been un-
dertaken—considering that at one time they were em-
ploying 730,000 tenons on the public works, he had
no fear that the most searching inquiry would show
that every effort had been made by the government I
to introduce order and regularity, and to check abuses.
It was so inspos•ible fur a government to feed a whole people,
without many abuses occurring, as it was to employ them,
particularly as they did not receive that local eo-operatien
which might have been expected; although he could not
agree in the sweeping condemnation which had been passed
on the gentry of Ireland generally. In several instances
they performed their du'y well, and made great pecuniary
sacrifices. He had a return in his hand which showed that
the voluntary subecriptions by the relief committees between
the 25th of Match, 1846, and the Sib of August, amounted
to 100,6001 ; and between September, 1846. and the 22nd
of May, 1847, to 200,000/. Ile felt bound to make these re-
marks after the observations made by the hon. member for
Cockermnnth.

Mr. ikGLIONBY denied that he imputed blame to the
government, or to the government °Mews.
Mr. ROEBUCK said that the observation of the Chan-
cellor of the Exchequer had justified the expressions he (Mr,
Roebuck) made use of in the early part of the session, that
the government were traveling out of their legitimate func-
tions in attempting to feed a whole people. He wished cow
to observe and to show to the house and the country how the
interference of the government had reacted on the social
condition of the people of England at large. The govern-
ment had undertaken to fed the people of Ireland on •
dearer and better food than they had been accustomed to,
and they had been unwittingly more lavish and leas econo-
mical than the people themselves would have been if they
were able to maintain themselves. He believed that the
government, and these in the employ of the government,
were anxious to do their duty, but he was compelled to say
that the morality, or rather the immorality, of the gentry
of Ireland met them on every occasion. He did not
mean to say this of each individual in each parti-
cular case, but that they were every day thwarted
by interested person who sought to turn to their own
individual advantage the unhappy condition of the people.
by enabling them to grasp at the eleemosynary aid of the
people of England, and of Ireland also. Th is was inherent
an the system itself, and any attempt to feed the people would
only foster the already not over-industrious habits of the
people of Ireland, the already too little careful and too little
strictly moral character of the Irish gentry, as it kad broken
down and endangered the whole commercial prosperity of
England. A more fearful attempt was never made by a
government, or a more fearful rak run by any people.
Sir J. GRAHAM explained the reason he put the
question he did. Ile had no design of casting any
blame on the government, but conridering the effect this
effort had made on this country, it wee necessary to their
position. He did not think the statement of the Chan-
cellor of the Exchequer a cheering one, and the expenditure
wasvery large. Two millions two hundred thousand ra-
tions, at ltd. each, was 600,0001. a month, or 7,500,000/. a
year, besides 4,700,0001. expended on public works. The
sum expended on public works was not to be repaid
for teeyears, but under the Relief Act the 600,0001. a month
was to be repaid forthwith, and that out of the property
of Ireland. This expenditure must go on till alter the har-
vest, and if rates were to be levied it was important that it
should be commenced at once, and the Relief Act should be
carried out.

----.
Mr. ROEBUCK said that although there was a poor-law
and poor rate in Ireland, yet gentlemen and men of property
had openly misted the levying of those rates. He wished
to ask if the government bad come to the determination that
this class of defaulters should be compelled to pay, and
if the law-offieen of the crown had received directions to
carry the law into execution.
Lord .1. RUSSELL raid that with regard to those eases
where the rates were not collected, directions hid been
given that the boards of guardians who did not order the
payment of the rates should be dissolved, and other boards
appointed. He would take this opportunity of referring
again to the observations of the hon. and learned gentle-
man with regard to the system which the government had
pursued, and which he said had failed, And also, with regard
to his allegation, that they bad neglected to employ the poor.
He would beg the house to consider what an ex
case this was. It did not resemble the ease oftnEnr=
under a deficient harvest, nor was it like the cases of riots on
the continent, where the supply of grain was less than
usual, and the pnae higher ; but it was a case greatly aggra-
vated beyond this. It was the case of a people, four or five
millions of whoM did not atheist on regular sago, but were
dependent on the growth of the potato which they themselves
cultivated, and four fifths or hire sixths of which had been
lot. The state of society in Ireland did not afford any
prompt remedy for suck a calamity. Society in Ireland pos-
sessed various elements of discord, and few elements of har-
mony. It wee not the granite rock with which they had to
deal, but the loose sandstone which was the founds-
don of society in Ireland. The landlords and gentry
had little hold on the attachment of the people, and
the ministers of religion, who possessed the greatest
esemsal ever the affections of their flecks, had little
=l
ir the medlars while differences in religion and
be Mset Mass egoism class, sad man against
rasa. The pee* were asemeemml of late pen to a great
polished egileties, sal Mee assolsoied to attend great pub
lie mallel hear aeithig speosisse, in which they were
urged te gesslisel asses= he their own deliverance.
It wee ea a peep* *at this ahem* had fallen. Is.
stead of a anima embisedsa be meet it, there hal beta
great apathy en die part et the boillsmis, and 'idiom!' the
people had bees *Me sallieriags with • pelisses whisk
was highly te be admired, yet ham a want et allmt
sad mortic the ealemity had hoes doubl egpsestei.
This wee sot • Mate settlings to whisk la umy ram* NMI
be aggiled. It MI bun said Het Os Angle seem se base
beasTell M dad *eh ewe way oat of the . oai that
the pest gamily which had befalls thus wail teach
them a pee{ Mesa to rely in futureless their ems mor-
tices ; lose his belief was that, eves with • poor
law, the aisle of society in Ireland was eesh, that
i=ara mission would have ensued detglit
yte masat mortality would have oomurea—a
sate et mph ibmise, and animosity would have ham
created —elms egoism elms, and all classes against the
Creagovernment of this country ; in short, such mode
tion the affect that it would have been almost Wm-
sib** too have iresompseed society I. that ematay, same saw
the lase eta kiss muss se ram He Mast aim raythat HeVida th• government had Sam Is swot
the gad calamity were those width the
utmost whirs mai have devised ; but this he @alerted,
that they had Nola gesstly to alleviate the mdlothw of
the pee* of that arembry. Looking at this Meileet 'Map
he believed the gemesment had done wisely is
as they \al a very large expenditure, rather the=
balsa te ha into that oondition which he, for Ise, could
sot bat etotemplato with horror. With remelt to the
question put to him by the right hon. baronet omits (Sir
J. Graham), be could only state that, in eases w boards
of guardians refused to collect the Wes and to ahem their
collection, those boards would be dissolved, Yd
new ones appointed, and further, the gossraissait

HAILS.

would take can to make no further advances to
meet here the proprietors had the means and ability to meet the
expenses properly chargeable upon than, l:nder these ea.
emnstnnoes he hoped thist the committee would grant the
swim ROM asked, not in the absolute confidence that there
might not be some abuse, but with the assurance that the
government would, by its officers, use every effort to avoid
the same, in their endeavours to meet an unprecedented
calamity, and that the legislature, while it excused errors
committed, would support the general principles of the met-
, lures which had been adopted. (Hear, hear.)
Sir D. NORREIrc Wished to know whether the peen,
merit would undertake the completion of the unfrin.hed
works that had been commenced under the Labour rate Aet.
He firmly believed that with the best intentions the Revere.
meat had erred from the commencement. They had begun
by making the districts too largo in which the relief Ina ef.
forded; the consequence had been that no efficient serpent
lion could take place. Hence had arisen all the reek.
lessees' and abuse that had been complained of. Bat
whatet er might have been pat errors, he could ea
but think that the proemete of Ireland for the
future were moat deplorable. It had been calculated that
the rates to be levied in Ireland could amount to between
seven and eight millions ; end he san no possibility of the
country being extricated from its difficulties. It was 'aid
they were to employ the people ; how would they do that,
when they should not be able to meet the rates ? If govern-
ment wished Ireland not to be • continual nom to this
country, they. moot take a more extended nod statesman.
like view of its condition. They must get rid of entail, and
of every check on the free one of properly in Ireland. le it.
existing state, he feared the bill for the improvement of
landed property would be near:y inoperative. Money mug
be spent on the country; it must be treated as g
mine that bed not been worked for some time.
Irish landlords had now come to such a state, that he must
bring up his sons behind the counter. The Irish leedionli
were burdened with debts handed down from their aecestoa,
and they could not help themselree.
Mr. ItOEBUCK thought the hon. barairet's speech WU a
vindication of all th it lie (Mr. Roebuck) had mid with
reference to Ireland during the present session.
The vote was then agreed to, and the heave resumed.
The house adjourned at a quarter to two o'clock.

he fEgpreggs.

The West Indio mails, 'Deluding those for Mexico, Honduras, mil
the Ileranimli, will be mode up on the morningof the _'el June.
The mails for British North Amnia, Bermuda, and Um WOW
States, will be made up on the evening of the 3nl June.
Th, cierrhurl wails for Gibraltar, Atoka, Gregor, the lonian Isla*
Errpt, Aden, Ceylon, Innis, llorm-Kong, and China, via SOothialrAil,
will be mule up on the morning of the In! June.
The malls for the Brazils, the Rite! Plate, Monte Prim, Perua.
bootie labia, Mn !elm nod Buenos Apes, will be made op on the
lerenlog of the 4th June.
The mail. for Vigo, Uporto, Lisbon, Madeira, Cadiz, and Gibreltet,
will be made uu on the morning of the 7th June,
The overland closed mile. Ma Merwalles, to the Mediterraneen.
remrerT e ofet. Aden.
the ectiont
th Jun% Ina* Mai kens, Sec., will be made up Da the
is 7
The mails for New Month Waits, Van Diereen's Land, and Rev
Zealand will be made up on the evening of the 30th June.

TO CORILESPONDRNTS.
• Ad•ertisemrnG Wended for Tke Arpin's, Landon evening IMP;
SUM br at the Wake by Tim o'clock an the day of ',abb.:alien.

MGM WATILIt AT LOXDON-BRIDGE.
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LONDON, TUESDAY, JUNE 1.

Ire the I louse of Lords, the Marquis of La estiowee,
in answer to Lord Beoutal ton, replied that no con-
-1 vention had been obsoletely entered into, but a pro-
tocol had been signed by the ministers of England,
France, Spain, and Portugal, with the view, if pos-
sible, of establishing in the latter country the consti-
tutional rights of the Queen and her people; and that
no time would be lost in laying before parliammt the
necessary documents illustrative of the course which
it had been thought advisable to take for the attain-
ment of those objects. The question of naming the
select committee on the petitions respecting the Bir-
mingham and Oxford Junction Railway Bill led to a
discussion, when the motion, on a division, was carried
by u majority of 7, the numbers being 29 to 22. The
Army Service Bill, after a strong protest from the
Marquis of Loe DON' YEAR V, was read a third time, and
parsed.
In the House of Commons the state of affairs in
Portugal, as connected with British interference, was
made the subject of conversation, arising out of ques-
tions put by Mr. B. OSBORNE and Lord Groats
BENTINCK as to the production of various documents
connected with the affairs of that country during the
pest year and at the present juncture.—Lord PAL-
MERSTON expressed his willingness to produce all
papers necessary for the elucidation of the comae
which the government had thought it proper to adopt,
and hoped Mr. I I USE would postpone his motion in
reference to the subject, which promised to be one oleo
much magnitude and importance, until the papers were
in the possession of the house,without which it was im-
possible it could come to a fair and satisfactory con-
clusion.—Lord J. RUSSELL intimated that it was not
only necessary that it should be known what had
taken place between the Queen of Portugal and her
subjects, but also what had taken place between her
Majesty and other powers. He did not intend
merely to give such papers as would suit
the particular views of some honourable mem-
bers, but all that were necessary for the deliberation
of parliament.—Mr. Hese said that documents, or
no documents, he should bring the subject forward on
Friday next —Lord J. RUSSELL intimated his inten-
tion of abandoning the Ecclesiastical COMMIII7IiOIIIIIII
Bill until next session, and of proceeding with the
Health of Towns Bill on Monday, the 14th inst.,
trusting there was vet time left to bring it to a pew
perous conclusion in the present session. The noble
lord, also, in answer to Mr. J. COLLETT, replied that
it was intended to introduce a bill to repeal the act
for uniting the sees of St. Asaph and Bangor, and to
provide for the creation of a bishop of Manchester,
but without adding to the episcopal bench in the
House of Lords.—The SPEA X E.R, upon being called
upon to give his opinion as to certain of the amend-
ments made by the Lords to the Poor Relief (Ire-
land) and the Landed Property (Ireland) Biller
stated that they were direct infringements of the
privileges of the House of Commons, as interfere%
with money clauses.—Lord J. RUSSELL then etate.a
the nature of the amendments, and assigned his
reasons why, sa regarded the Poor Relief (helium')
Bill, be should not propose to the house to pram the
point of privilege as against the amendments
their lordships had adopted. There was one,
however, of a different character, of which he should
propose the omission, viz., the proviso which proposed
to enact that when the highest rate-payer, who would
be a member of a board of guardians ex officio, should
happen to be non-resident, then that his agent should
be appointed in his stead. This he thought a moot
injurious provision, as giving an undue advantage to
the non-resident proprietor, and which was eventually,
on the motion of the noble lord, struck out of the
bill.—After a discussion of some continuance, the
other amendments were agreed to, on a division, by a
majority of 04, the numbers being f3O to I 6.—Tho Lade
amendments to the Landed Property (Ireland) BM,
which interfered with the privilege of the Home. of
Commons, were then considered, and on the motion
of the CHANCELLOR of the EXCHEQUER disagreed to,
a committee being appointed to confer with e Lords
on the subject--In a committee of ways and means,
a further sum of 600,000!. was voted on account of
the loan fund, for the relief of destitution in Ireland.

IT seems now irrevocable that the Anglo-American
race will dominate over all the northern portion of
the new continent. The Mexican empire can evi-
dently make no stand even against very small armies
of the Americans, who are as superior in military
skill and courage to their foes, as CORTFI. and his fol-
lowers were to the Incas and their armies. It is idle
to accuse the Americans of rapacity and
conquest. All young, and several even middle-
aged, nations are under the influence of that
appetite. Nor can we expect the Anglo-Ameri-
cans to be exempt from those tendencies and
those laws, which have actuated every race and state.
Tyranny, bigotry, and ignorance presided over the
development and colonisation of .Mexico ; freedom,
toleration, and a fair portion of wisdom directed the
peopling of the United States. Such differences of
principle and conduct must predate their results to
nations, as to men. And the result in this instance IS,
the subjection of the Mexicau-Spaniards to the
Anglo-Americana.
It matters little what form that subjection may
assume, whether it be sailed an alliance, like the
name which Rome vouchsafed to several dependent
dates, or whether the rule and subjugation be direct.
The consequence to the balance of power, and to
commercial intercourse will be much the same. From
Panama to the St. Lawrence on the one side, to Van-
couver's 'Auld on the other, every pm.t and territory
will be Anglo-American. England and Europe have
waived any pretension they might once have enter-
tained of protecting the independence, and leaving
open the trade, of Ilispano-America north of the
isthmus.

But, however manifest the final result, still the sub-
jnation of Mexico may prove tedious and difficult.
Resistance to the Americans in the open field, or even
behind entrenchments, where armies are attacked by
armies, has been proved quite futile. Had S.ttrra
ANNA, satisfit d with the first essays made at Monterey
and near Saltillo, recognised this truth, and changed
his system of warfare from that of direct resistance
to one of harassing, of attacking small detach-
ments, cutting off communications and supplies,
the Mexicans might have placed themselves in a
better condition either to offer resistance or make
terms But the overweening confidence of SANTA
ANNA, and his contempt.of his superior foe, shown in
the preeipitatAmess and circumstances of the last rout,
prove him utterly incapable of the first duties of
generalship. His character, indeed, as a man, as
well as a commander, renders it impossible for Mexi-
cans to look up to him as one, from whom auy hopes of
his country's salvation might be entertained,or to whose
guidanv a great and patnoticeause might look. What-
ever repugnance the Mexicans may entertain to the
Americans, there is no party amongst them which could
promise to give that strength and effect that reform,
which the Americans can and must do.
The arrival of General SCOTT in Mexico, and with-
out mach farther opposition, may now be expected.
His first aim mast be to find some Mexican party
trilling to undertake the government in connexion
or in, collusion with the Americans. The old fede-
ralism resuscitated may do this. And then will come
the question of how to carry on the government. Will
the tederalist principle be fully earned out, and each
province, abandoned to local government? If so, there
is an end of revenue, an end of the empire. And too
many persons are interested in the maintenance of
both to submit to the quiet abolition. Do what the
Americans w:il, or let a government in understanding
with them do what it will, great discontents must
arise. Great tliacontents will breed insurrection. And
the Americans have not troops; they have neither the
will nor the Lies= of repressing them by occupying
the countty, and ruling it themselves.
Two or tines prizes, however, they will certainly
secure--first of all, California, and the northern sec-
Son of the empire ; secondly, the mines and mining
districts; thirdly, the possession of the customs or of
custom-house arrangements. The first will give them
the command of the Pacific ; the second will give a
new power to the executive of Washington, and aug-
mented influence over the old world, as in the new.
The last source of revenue may be kept till full
indemnity fur the war be heaped up, and the habit
of regulating and ordering every detail be fully
secured.
In seizing those, the American hunter will have
taken the Moire morsels of the noble animal which he
has slain, and may leave the carcase either to rot or
perish of itself, or be devoured by the mealier animals
of prey, v. hich abound in those regions.

WE are glad to see, from last night's debate,
that ministers are determined to go on with the
Health of Towns' Bill. The accounts of each day
show how much the utility of the measure will
repay the small enmities and obstructions which it
may excite. Even London, that " cleanest, sweetest,
best drained, best sewered" city in the empire,
seems on the point of reaping early and disagreeable
effects of its self-inflicted exemption from the Sanitary

Dr. LYNCH, with a deputation of the inhabitants of
the ward of Farringdou Without, waited upon the
LORD MAYOB last week, to invoke the aid of the
City self-governing powers against the effects of
pestilence and Irish poor, in that district. The state-
ments of the spokesman, confirmed by the inhabitants,
show how Farringdon Without has fared under local '
guidance, and throw a curious light on the self-com-
placent assertions of the City Sewerage Commis-
sioners. We read of unventilated houses built back
to back; of ease-pools, all but open, "poison-
ing the air, and polluting the dwellings of the
poor; " of sewers, without traps to prevent
the escape of their noxious exhalations, and without
water to carry off their accumulations of filth. Within
a few yards of Fleet-street, with its ceaseless flow of
traffic, and its stored-up wealth of merchandise, the
type of our English activity and industry, we have
cellars filled with the stagnant overflow of cess-pools,
examples of the apathy of English local government.
The poor inhabitants complain of the short supply of
water, which visits them three times a week for an
hour each time. This, with the thermometer at 80
degrees in the shade, and the thirst and filth of a
neighbourhood fighting round the " water-post."
The inquest of St. Sepulchre's, another of the favoured
City parishes, on whose local legislation no commis-
loner may venture to intrude, complains of undrained
courts round Smithfield and the Old Bailey ;
of cowsheds, slaughter-houses, and knackers'-yards,
interspersed among the dwellings of the poor,
heaped with fermenting offal and rotting dung,
the daily scene of revolting and barbarous butchery.
The workhouses are full. The fever hospitals have
not a vacant bed. The wards of Bartholomew's,
after a three weeks' ran on them, have overflowed.
Patients apply, and are carried from the doors. Day
by day the heat is increasing. The rise of the ther-
mometer may be traced by the corresponding rise in
that most melancholy hygiometer, the registrar's
weekly returns of mortality. And, to crown the sum
of misery, Irish paupers are trooping and gathering,
in their rags and wretchedness, precisely to those
spots where rags and wretchedness, with their con-
comitant curses of ffith and fever, are already hud-
dled together Bo close that every fresh arrival steals
the air necessary to save other life. These Irish
bottles bring with them not only personal nasti-
ness, with filthy and improvident habits,
but the seeds of typhus and dysentery. Manchester, i
Leeds, Salford, and Liverpool, Newport, and Hinck-
ley, tell the same tale. In many, fever is already
raging ; M all, its weds are latent, and a few weeks
of heat will probably mature them into active
plague. Manchester is exhibiting an activity which
London would do well to imitate. The watch com-
mittee of the town council have issued a code of re-
gulations for lodging-housekeepers. We print it for
the benefit of the corporation, if they are not above
taking a lesson from the provinces :
All lodging-houses to be inspected and approved by the
chief-constable of the borough, or his officers. The keepers
of lodging-houses not to allow the same to be crowded, by
receiving more lodgers than, with a due regard to health,
they are adapted to contain ; such number tole determined
4'
the chief-constable, with the authority of the council.
laden' for the health, cleanliness, and ventilation of all
on-houses made by the chief-cinstable are to be strictly
observed by the keepers of such houses, under a penalty
of five pounds. A ticket to be placed in each
ream, containing the number of lodgers which will
Is allowed to be accommodated therein. The keepers
el all lodging-houses to give the inspector' or other
Aker of police, free access to the promises, when required
kr the purpose of inspection, or for any disinfecting process
which may .be ordered by a justice. Each lodging-house
keeper to give immediate notice to the chief-constable when
may person LS taken ill with a contagious or infectious die-
OW
; and a justice may order such person to be inemediaal
removed, for the purpose of being properly treated. Each
lodging-house keeper omitting to give notice of any lodger
who may have been confined to his bed for forty-eight hours
by Ulnas, or tranagmesing any of the above regulations, will
be liable to • penalty of SI. In case of contagious dime,
occurring is any lodging-house, the remaining lodgers may
be removed by the order of a justice, to prevent further con-
tagion, and such other measures taken for that purpose as
may be considered necessary. By the 88th section of the
Manchester Police Act (7 sad 8 Vic. c. 40), the occupier of
every house or dwelling is required to whitewash, purify,
and cleanse the same forthwith, on receiving notice so to do,
under a penalty of is. for each day's delay.
_ . .. . .

• •
But this is not enough. It is very little use to
give directions affecting a class so sunk in apathy
at that for wkose good these powers are to be exer-
cised. You must act as well as order. The measures
of the Manchester committee seem so sensible as to
deserve record for the instruction of other places
threatened with the same visitation, or already suffer-
ing under it.
Amongst the measures taken for carrying these provisions
into effect, one of the most important has been to appoint
eight inspectors—two police officers from each of tke
four divisions into which the borough is separated,—
to act as sanitary officers. These inspectors ro round
their respective districts, visiting every lg-house,
and making daily returns to the chief ocooM of the
names of the owners and occupiers' the number and size
of the rosins, the number of inmates in each room; the
condition of the house so to ventilation, furniture, beds, the
state of the walls and floors, Bic.; the number of sick, and
especial) y of fever cams, found therein; the state of the
sough., drains, conveniences, ashpits, Ac. adjacent; and as to
any public nuisance existing near. On the first visit, these
inspectors serve notices, of which the above is a copy, as to
the principal provisions. Iron this, or any succeeding visit,
they find any cases of fever or severe sickness, these are re-
ported to the chief-constable, and information thereof is
sent to the guardians of the Manchester union, who forth-
with have the fever patients rem .ved to the fever wards, or
elsewhi re. The night-soil, and other filth requiring re•
moval, is forthwith reported to the nuisance committee. On
the second visit the inspectors are accompanied by three

r 9

men, one of whom curies a bucket of whimismilb sad
Om other two, in any house not whitewashed ha the
interval following the notice, proceed at omen Is white-
wash and cleanse every room. In co-operatics with the
watch committee of the council, the guardians etas Man-
cheater union are about making ample provision he reliev-
ing the lodging-houses of their maples seempamte. *They
have taken a forge mill, knows so " finadtknespej=" is
Canal-street, Accosts, which is lambeilheibe
lodging-house on a large scale, it nompdos etas
of paupers who now overcrowd the ledging-hown, As soon
u intimation is received from the guardians that this place
is ready for the reception of inmates, the regulations of the
act and of the police as to the 'maximum lumber of lodgers
to be allowed in any room of • lodging bones will be put in
force; but, until then, it is obvious that to require the
keepers of lodging-houses to keep to such limits would only
be to drive the poor creatures into the streets.
We need not dwell upon the scenes of misery and
abomination detailed in the Manchester inspectors'
report of twenty, thirty, and even forty persons, of
alal;es and sexes, found in one room; of whole
families down in fever on the damp earth floor of
cellars, with everywhere an utter absence of all
energy—even the energy which prompts complaint
and seeks for relief. We would urge on the attention
of our readers the contrast between Manchester and
London in these circumstances. Dr. LYNCH and the
Farringdon deputation appear before the Lord Mayor
to urge him to urge the common council to urge
parliament to give them a bill to enable them to do
sundry things necessary for health, which it appears
they have no powers to do at present, such as to
abolish cesspools, to compel landlords to trap and
open drains into the sewers, and to appoint an in-
spector to see that these things are done.
One of the overseers of St. Bride's who attended,
expressed his surprise that " in some localities, of
which no complaints had been made, he found the
abomination as great as in those to which his atten-
tion was particularly called." He ought to have
known misery better. One of its worst features is
that it does not complain loud enough. Its soul is
subdued to what it lives in. Filth is familiar to it,
and it breathes stenches.

There was another illustration of city government
afforded by this deputation. The dust contractors, it
appears, have, in some cases, not removed the soil and
offal for a period of from eight to Tillie months. Their
servants refused to act without beer or beer money,
and if the neighbourhood be too poor to pay it the
filth remains untouched. We have no doubt, the dust
contractor is very great on the theme of self-govern-
ment.

The Lord Mayor seems very willing to do any-
thing he can, but makes the offer in the most helpless
tone conceivable. As to what is to be done, or who is
to do it, he does not vouchsafe a word : only he
declares the City sewerage commissioners are ex-
tremely warm in the cause of sanitary regulations.
We can conceive no severer revenge that the ad-
vocates of more active sanitary movement in the cor-
poration could wreak on those members of it who are
so firmly convinced that the City is a model of health,
sweetness, and cleanliness, than by permission of the
latter to walk them through the courts and alleys be-
tween Fleet-street and the river, and through an area
of a quarter of a mile round Smithfield. The only
I man of the number who would, we apprehend, bring
away an appetite for dinner, from such a walk, would
be the secretary of the Corporation Sewer Commis-
sion, who has lost the sense of smell.
We have received several communications, in the
shape of ward inquests and parochial reports, to
which we may return to show more completely what
London self-government has been.
Meanwhile the importance of the Holth of
Towns Bill presses, in order that its machinery
may be set in operation against causes which
threaten to bring upon the country a pestilence not
less terrible than the cholera or the plague. Boast as
we may, it is certain that such a visitor, coming to
London in 1847, would find quarters quite as con-
genial to him as he did in 166th There is a filth and
neglect in this age of boasted social advancement in-
finitely more deplorable than that of the 17th century,
I because it exists by the aide of a luxury and splendour
then unknown.

Our Paris correspondence of Sunday contains the
official account of the engagements with the population
of the Kabyles, and the list of the killed and wounded
in the " pacific promenade " of the Duke of Isly in
Algeria. The most remarkable feature in these
despatches, which are addressed to theminister of war,
is the sovereign contempt, amounting to supercilious-
ness, with which they treat the chamber and the
cabinet

The preliminary inquiry in the affair of General
Cubieres is closed ; but the report of the committee
will not be presented to the chamber for ten or twelve
days to conic.
It was reported in Paris that the ministry, in order
to force the committee on the budget to authorise a
loan, intends to propose extending the issue of trea-
sury bills to 275 millions of francs.
Monarchique affirms that it is decided
that Count Brown in to go to Rome as ambassador,
and other authorities affirm that the Duke de Broglie
declines the London embassy. The King, it is said,
insists that Count Jaruac shall remain as secretary in
London, and consequently the Prince de Broglie
will return to his post at Rome. Count Jarnac is the
private correspondent of his Majesty.
A Roman journal, called La Bilancia, says that
the Grand Duke of Tuscany intends to form a council
of state, consisting of a limited number of the most
eminent men in the country. This council will con-
gist of two committees—legislative and administrative.

The journals and correspondence of Madrid of the
25th inform us that the Queen had returned to the
capital en the preceding day, but that the King-Con-
sort was still at the Pardo. The family of the King
inhabit the royal palace with the Queen. It was
expected that in a few days her Majesty would hold
a grand review of the troops of the garrison. The heat
of the weather was so great as to produce many sudden
deaths and much sickness in the city. Gen. Manuel
de la Concha had left Madrid to take the command
of the army of intervention on the Portuguese frontier.
El Eco del Comercio says that the panic which has
taken place among speculators has rendered•the state
of business on the Bourse very critical. El 7Vempo
says that the money crisis continues unabated. The
market is quite exhausted of specie.

MONTREAL, MAT 14.
Be
yond the opening of the navigation by the
tin im et the ice about a week ago, and the snivel of
two ships, die It. Andrew and the Cambria, two days ego,
I have bat hide of novelty to communicate. Mr. Tachareau,
the Solidter-General for Lower Canada, having tendered
the resigns*. el his oaks boom he had net lama pro-
meted to dr oldie of A -04meig, en die sieved= of
Mr. amid' Midas brash, Mc. that gentle-
s/a. les bees allowed to Mho, tin t of a
Circuit heirship, a good and sespestedis fie which
he is Si Weil qualifled, god latter,
_Ow kr swans of a
politisal sharesiter. The new lislidiervessersl lin set bees
Peekspe it is Wooled is keep die ells, era
rnel
se amine, without the slightest lalemlim, edieseens,
to des votes sir pediammaimy estaihest of any
glue- eke Isiglit lareellble livened ler the
odes, set Ike Wise Ike Vim, beware maw supsoeible
sovement, whisk 'secs pediamentary memsgsamM, we
all- knew Oat sash Wags are
of the admidedel erkis has abated. It doss net seen
to have left say permanent trace of anger on the
minds at peedes. The French party are not ex-
actly sadeisi with their panties, bat there is a remark-
able, and impagestly Kodiak _skamme d snack open the
course orsapposed polite! of Leila><lgfa amempt the saws
of that arlidisket le lei erne so believe ass they aged
still to Web. adz friend. The ming semi= of
parliament, eanvened fie the 2nd of June, (set this 4th of
July, u a Montreal paper sereammely prints), was probably
show a fair poll of the string* et the two pert* govern-
meat and opposition. I do net anthipate mach political
rancour or 'imputation. If this should be so, it will tend
more to tranquillise the count:you'd approximate parties by
casting down the barriers thin separate them than any
governmental manoeuvre or one glare that the wisdom of
politicians could devise. Lessees oiler is a good maxim is
politics. Lord Elgiu still rides a dark horse—to nee a sport-
ing phrase. He keeps his own counsel, takes no one into his
coafidnee, imparts his views to none. With many of
the lieges who think themselves not only able to a.2wesisis
the views of a governor, but also capable
Lim the very best advise Ike his gaidease, I not
observe that this kind of sen-interosume peikay
_Am net moot
with the mast flattering seeeptases. Oa the Id of Joe the
curtain of our provincial drama will rise, and we shall see
something of the plot and the &eters. Lord Elgin is amisse-
stood to be friendly to the Halifax Railroad project ; and it
L thought that the federal union of all the provinces so
strongly recommended by Lord Durham, will not be long in
following the completion of that great line of communication
between the mother country and her most remote transat-
lantie wilds. The concession of the right of American ,1
vessels to come in ballot to Montreal and take cargoes for
home on the same footing as British ships, is cordially
greeted as the token of a satisfactory spirit in the imperial
councils towards the commercial inferests of this country.
Whether it will really prove of much advantage in the
lowering of freights seems not to be at present a matter that
the learned in such questions have made up their mind upon.
I have no doubt myself. I think it will be beneficial.
Much alarm is felt on the score of the immigration from