The Express.
London, England, 1853-10-21 00:00:00

THE EXPRESS, FRIDAY EVENING, OCTOBER 21, 1853.

hitherto lived. Houses may be searched on suspicion
of being the retreat of a ticket-of-leave convict who
has trangreseed the rules to which he has made him-
sat subject. Innocent persons may be taken up on
account of their resemblance to men who have re-
turned from the husks. The inquisitorial powers
that will be given to the police, in order that their
surveillance shall be effectual, may be exercised, in
short, in a manner that may occasion the most serious
inconvenience to unoffending persons.
The ticket-of-leave system, applied to England,
sins against the two great principles which should
be the foundation of all criminal legislation—the re-
formation of the criminal and the safety of society. In a
colony where the demand for labour is in excess, the
ticket-of-leave convict is sure of finding employment,
and the reward fur his labour will, in ull probability,
remove the temptation to crime. In England, where
many honest labourers have to struggle to get employ-
ment, a returned convict has no chance. The danger
of the system to society has been already discussed
above. Is there any reason fcr sinning against these
principles ? Unless the Government can produce
such reasons, it will be burdened with the heavy
responsibility of increasing the evils which society
sutlers from criminals, and giving the criminals
themselves increased motives for crime.

LATEST FROM TIIE CONTINENT.

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AUSTRIA.

VIENNA, WEDNESDAY.

The Metaßias are rather better, but the exchange
on London does not exhibit any favourable reaction.
Five per Cent. Metallic', 913. Exchange on Lon-
don, 11.2 (offered). Bank shorn, 1,297.

THURSDAY, 1 I'.Y.
Five per Cent. Metalliques, 91!. Exchange on
London, 11.4. Bank Shares, 2,800.

RUSSIA.

KALISCH, Ocr. 13.

The Hereditary Grand Duke Alexander has ar-
rived at Lief, the centre of the armaments against
Turkey.

FRANCE.

PARIS, WEDNESDAY EVENING.
Only one of the Paris journals (the Pays) com-
ments at any length on the manifesto of tho Porte,
and a great portion of the article is only a repetition
of what had been said on other occasions. The Pays
sa :
We do not thick we are mistaken in affirming that the
manifesto of the Porte will produce a profound impression
on the cabinets of Europe and on public opinion. Persons
might have expected to find in it the echo of the popu- ,
lar passions which are in agitation around the Turkish
government, and which called for war with loud cries ;
fears might have been felt of finding in it the traces of
that religious exaltation with which the klumulman
populations are animated, and which is after all only a
reply to the fanaticism so imprudently lit up by the Em-
peror Nicholas amongst the Ituuian populations. The
Porte, however, has shown more prudence and modera-
tion than the court of St. Petersburg. The reap& stoes of
the Czar sad of his ministers appeared written for a period
of the crusades. They aroused popular passions, and ex-
cited a terrible enthusiasm, to make them the stepping-
stone of a political ambition. It is not on such dangerous
ground that the Turkish government hell placed itself.
It has not spoken in the name of the old hostility which for
so long a period engaged the followers of the Conn and the
defenders of the creme in a gigantic struggle. It has re-
mained within the limits of a difference purely political be-
tween two governments, avoiding carefully everything that
could take away that character from this grave question to
cause it to degenerate int, a religious struggle. This is an
eloquent lesson which the Mussulnian manifesto gives to
Russia, and of which it is to be hoped she will perceive
all the bearing. In addition, dignity of language is united
in this remarkable document to logical reasoning and mo-
deration of thought. Turkey who, notwithstanding the
fallacious representations that were madei of her decadence,
proved so well by her acts that she exists powerfully as a
nationality and • government, has just shown that her
diplomatic agents are on a level with the abbot statesmen
in Europe. Rarely has a document of such importance
been drawn up with more precision, sincerity, and tem-
perance.
A despatch has been received in Paris from Vienna
giving the following u the reply of Prince Gortscha-
eit' to the summons of Omer Pacha to evacuate the
Danubian Principalities: "My master is not at war
with Turkey, but I have orders not to leave the
Principalities until the Porte shall have given to the
Emperor the moral satisfaction he demands. When
this point has been obtained I will evacuate the
Principalities immediately, whatever the time or the
season. If lam attacked by the Turkish army I will
confine myself to the defensive."
The Pattie takes notice of the Russian despatches
announcing victories in the Caucasus, and states that
it knows them to be utterly unfounded.
The Presse states that a domiciliary visit wee made
at the house of M. Victor Mangle. son of M. Margin,
of Nantes, but no arrest took place.
The Pattie states that among the recent arrests in
Paris is that of M. Delescluze, the intimate friend of
Ledru Rollin, who had come over to Paris as the
delegate of Ledru Rollin and the central democratic
committee. All his papers were seized, and it ap-
pears that he is still in custody.
The Bourse was heavy to day, with little business
doing, and no political news current. The Three
pet Cents, opened at 72f. 20c. fell to 721. 10c., rose 1
subsequently to 72f. 40c., and closed at 72f. 30e. for
the end of the month. The Four-and-a Half per
Cents. closed at 99f. 50c. ; Orleans Railway shares,
1,150 f.; Rouen, 1,002 f. 50c.; Havre, 4801. ; Great
Northern, 8351. ; Paris and Strasburg, 9061. 25c.;
Paris and Lyons, 887 f. 50c.; Western of France,
692 f 50c.•' Bordeaux and Cette, 580 f.• Great Cen-
tral, 5121.50 c.; Lyons and Geneva, '545 ; Shares of
the Bank of Credit Mobilier, 692 f. 50c. The Credit
Foncier de France opened at 385 E, and closed
at 525 f.

PARIS. TRUZSDAT EVIIIII2IO.

A telegraphic despatch from Trieste, dated ye, ter-
day, says :—" We have news from Constantinople to
the 10th. The Sultan has demanded the entrance of
the English and French fleets into the Dardanelles.
The Ambassadors have promised to give orders to
that effect."

I belie,. I am able to announce upon sure grounds
that the Emperor's hopes of a direct heir to his throne
are revived. Since the court has been at Compiegne
the Empress, when taking a carriage airing, sits on
the right of the Emperor. You will remember that
this return to traditional etiquette was observed when
the Empress was enceinte for the first time.
The Mondeur contains a report from M. Duces,
Minister of Marine, relative to the results already
obtained under the imperial government in increasing
the naval fore. of the country. The budget for the
navy, it states, was :fixed for 1832 at 117,225,778 fr.,
and for 1853 at 117,181,001 fr., being less by 40
millions than the budgets of 1847 and 1848. The
following are some of the advantageous results
obtained :-Istly, the provisions of thebudget only
applied for 1852 and 1853 to 130 armed vessels, but
160 have been'kept at sea. 2ndly, these same provi-
sions only applied to 30,745 able-bodied seamen for
1852, and to 27,249 for 1853, whereas the average
number has been 33,675. 3rdly, France possessed
only one squadron of 8 line-of-battle ships, whereas
at present she possesses two squadrons composed of
14 ships of the line, exclusive of a proportionate aug-
mentation in the number of frigates and steam cor-
vettes. 4thly, the French navy did not comprise any
steam line-of-battle ship, completely terminated, but
the Napoleon has been finished, and for the last year
has formed part of the Mediterranean squadron.
sthly, the navy possessed no mixed line-of-battle ship,
whereas at present it has four completely finished,
and nine others in the course of transformation, and
the engines of which are on the point of being de-
livered. These nine vessels can be put to sea at the
end of the year. 6thly, six new steamers on the
model of the Napoleon have been laid on the stocks;
by the end of the present year they will be urged on
to the 12-24ths of their completion, and will be
launched at the end of next year. 7thly, the greater
number of the steam-frigates which were disarmed
have been placed in commission de port. Bthl7, the
penal settlements of Guyana have received their first
establishment, and nearly 3,000 convicts have been
sent there. 9thly, the works in the port of Cher-
bourg have been urged on with great activity, a bum
of 4,000,000 fr. having been accorded to them front
the present budget. 10thly, the works at Cu-

tigneau, which are to complete the port of
Toulon, have been undertaken with the ordinary,
resources of the year, and have already received
a first sum of 1,000,000 fr. 1 lthly, a careening-dock
was wanted at Itochelort ; it has been commenced,
and has already received a first credit of 200,000 fr.;
and 12thly, a number of matters connected with the
navy have been undertaken without any extra re-
sources, such as the reconstitution of the reserve, the
augmentation of the pay of the non-commissioned
officers, the amelioration in the quality of the bread
for the navy, &c. The expenses of all these improve-
ments have been defrayed from the ordinary resources
of the budget, and far from the sum appropriated to
the purchase of stereo having been augmented they
have left a sum of 10 millions disposable from 18.52.
That sum arises from three principal causes ; lstly,
from the postponement of several important con-
tracts, delayed by circumstances of force naafi' ur.
Steam-engines, tools, and large supply of stores, to
the value of 3,800,000 fr., which were to have been
delivered in the last six months of 1832, were cot
sent in until 1633. 2ndly, from reductions effected
in various branches of the service ; and 3rdly, by the
rigorous surveillance exercised by the ministers at
all moments, and over the minutest details of every
department of the navy. The report then proposes
to dispose of the 10 millions by restoring .5 millions
to the treasury, and carrying over the other 3 mil-
lions to the budget of 1833. By means of this latter
sum, the report declares Al the engagements alluded
to above, amounting to 3,800,000 fr., will be defrayed ;
also the increase in the price of various stores, such
as corn, flour, wines, brandy, &c., to the extent of
1,400,000 fr. ; whilst the other. 3,000,080 fr. will serve
to meet the expense caused by the creation of a second
squadron, which has been rendered necessary by the
complication of events in the Etst. By this appro-
priation of the 10 millions remaining over from 1852,
the minister declares that he will be able to met u'!
the expenses, ordinary and extraordintry, of I s de-
partment, without making any new demand on the
public treasury. This report is followed by an im-
perial decree) carrying out the suggestions of the
minister.

A piece of news has been received, and is believed
by some of the leading legitimists here, which, if
iccnfirmed, willlmako a great sensation. It is said
Ithat the Duke de Nemours has been to Froyadorf,
has seen the Count de Chambord, and that the long-
talked-of " fusion" between the two branches of the
house of Bourbon has at length been effected. Very
great importance is attached to this intelligence by
the parties to whom it has been communicated. I
must confess that the probabilities against the news
being true to the full extent are, to my mind, very
great. But, although the Duke de Nemours has
lately been at Sebum's, and, according to several
newspapers, was going incognito to Constantinople,
and, although the date of his alleged visit
to Froysdorf is not mentioned in the account
given to me, the main fact is certified from
such a respectable source, that, assuming the over
sanguine partisans of the fusion to be mistaken in
their belief that it is definitively a fait accompli, I
cannot doubt that some convention of an important
nature hes been made between the families repre-
senting the respective principles of pure hereditary,
and limited constitutional, monarchy. The chances
, of any proximate restoration of either branch of the
Bout bons are apparently so small, that to a super-
ficial observer the fusion may appear to afford the
only prospect of the elevation of a royal
race from their present condition of poverty
and obscurity. It might be thought that
the house of Orleans, proscribed, despoiled
of its property, resting its claims to the crown upon
the barricades of 1830, would be only too happy, after
its overthrow by the barricades of 1848, to resume
its place as a "cadet" of the descendants of Charle-
magne. The opinion would be theoretically reason-
able that the fusion would unite every man not a
republican or Bonapartist in support of the sole
pretender to legitimacy. But an intimate acquaint-
ance with Frenchmen has forced urn me, ugaicat
preconceived opinions, the conviction that the
Orleanists will never merge in the legitimists.
However illogical, however fraudulent if you
will, the creation of the monarchy of July,
I have no hesitation in saying that it has at
this momenta fur greater hold upon France than the
dynasty of Hugh Capet. I hear it constantly
asserted that there must be a " branch° cadette,
and I believe that if the fusion now said to be
effected has really been made, the attempt to make
the Count de Chambord the undisputed head of the
royal house will signally fail, and that tho persons
now called Orleanists will put forward some member
of the family to represent the principle embodied by
William lIL of England, of a monarchy carved out
of an ancient race by an anomalous species of popular
election.

The Emperor has granted a pension of 2,000 fr.
from his privy purse to the father and mother of the
late L;eutenant Bellot, the pension, after their
deaths, to revert to M. Bellot's brothers and sisters.

Another dreadful accident occurred last night on
the Orleans railway. About half-put eight o'clock
the Bordeaux up-train ran into a luggage-train at
Beaugency. The engineer and stoker of the pas-
senger train were killed, and several passengers,
some say as many as fifty, more or less hurt. The
company has issued a notice, stating that the signals
were regularly given, and the collision cannot at
present be accounted for.
Colonel Ragani is definitively appointed manager
of the Italian Opera.
The Emperor and Empress, on Monday, being un-
able to leave the palace of Compiegne, on account of
the bad weather, received all the public functionaries
Of the town, who were presented by the sub-prefect.
In the evening their Majesties went to the theatre,
where the company of the Gymnase performed Phi-
liberte. Tho principal boxes were occupied by ladies
'in grand toilette, and by the public functionaries,
the members of the municipal council, &c. When
their Majesties entered all the spectators rose, and
remained standing until they were seated. They
were accompanied by the Princess Mathilde and the
Prince Napoleon, and were attended by Marshal St.
Arnaud, M. de Persigny, M. Fould, Marshal Magnan,
M. Abatucci, the Duke de Cambaceres, several great
dignitaries of the state, and a number of ladies.
Marshal Nurses was amongst the invited. The
Emperor and Empress appeared pleased with the
performances, and the former frequently gave the
signal of applause. On leaving their Majesties were
greeted with enthusiastic cries of " Vice rEmpereur ;
Vive l'lmpemtrice!" The Emperor on Monday,
with some of his guests, went out shooting for amhort
time in the reserved park.
The Boone was exceedingly dull to-day. So little
business was doing that the smallest purchase or sale
was sufficient to influence the market. After unim-
portant fluctuations the Threes closed at 72fr. 40c.,
being a rise of 10c., but the Four and-a-Half per
Cents fell 30c. In railways there was but little
variation. Orleans was depressed by the report of
the serious accident, and fell 7fr. 50c.

RUSSIA AND TURKEY.

_.-

It is stated that the Turkish government has asked
the French Emperor to allow two general officers
and about a dozen staff officers to attach themselves
to his army.

Letters from Beyrout state that the Syrian con-
tingent to the Turkish army of Asia will number
near 18,000 men, thus supplied—The Pashalic of
Aleppo, 10,000 men ; Damascus, 1,000; Hamas, 500;
Moms, 600 ; Jerusalem, 600; the Pachalie of Tripoli,
500; Latakia, 200; Beyrout, Saida, Soor, and Acre,
000: Nablous and Jenntn, 400; the other pieces
and the mountainous districts, 4,000. Letters from
Erzeroum state that the army collected there already
amounts to 50,000.
_ _

The Impartial of Smyrna states that the Prince
of Servia has informed Omer Pacha that 30,000 men
are on the frontier ready to repulse the troops of
Austria should they attempt to enter the Prin-
cipality.
The Trieste Gaulle notices a difference which
distinguishes the present Turkish declaration of war
from those which have preceded it. Formerly every
act of this kind was preceded by a fetvah by the
Sheik ul Islam, as chief of the Sahommedan reli-
gion, and which declared the war to be commanded
by the church. This time, out of regard for the
Christians, the custom has been broken ; and the de-
claration of war is exclusively a political act. The
fetvah given merely states that the projected war
was not contrary to religion.
The intelligence received from Trieste that a canal
is to be made from Rama& to Kustendje is most
important if true. The distance from the extreme

points is, only thirty miles, but the canal would
shorten the navigation of the Danube between
' Vienna and Constantinople by 250 miles, and bring
the mouth of the river 150 miles nearer to Constan-
tinople.