The Express.
London, England, 1846-11-21 00:00:00

THE EXPRESS, SATURDAY, JULIFING, NOVEMBER 21, 1846.

can Austria pretend to check the southward
Russian ambition at any future day, when
greedily and unwarrantably gratified her
ition in Cracow? Yet ambition is not the
Cracow is no gain. It is merely sacrificed to
and euseeptibMties of a leaden and jealous de
The publicity given to the events of Galicia,
that was thereby drawn from off the cruel ire
of the Austrian government, and the hem .
grlce thrown upon it by the universal opinion
Europe, has irritated Prince METTERNICH, ann
embittered his declining days. It is not as a forus of
insurrection that Cracow is to be extinguished, but as
a focus of information. It is sacrificed to the censor-
ship, even more than to the police.
We must own, that we take the same view of
Cracovian independence. It was less as the seat of
political freedom, that the existence of the republic of
ra.ww was to be desired, as that it should re-
main the cradle or seed-bed of true Polish na-
tionality, literature, and hopes. As a nucleus of
resistance or insurrection, Cracow could not ex-
pect to be tolerated. In the midst of three colos-
sal and despotic powers, all interested for the pre-
sent in the extinction of Poland, any. such scheme
savoured of madness ; and prompts one, indeed, to give
credence to the belief that the late insurrection was in-
cited by Russia, for the sake of bringing about the
sacrifice now about to be accomplished.
There is this consolation, however, that, although
the political nationality of Poland may be crushed,
and all hopes of re-establishing it by force of arms be
for the time extinguished, the literary, the social, the
historical, the poetic existence of the race may be
fully and purely preserved. It now, indeed, becomes
a sacred duty so to do. And the Associations formed
in France and England for this purpose assume now a
hallowed character, which must claim the sympathies
and the aid of all liberal and true men.
The absorption of Cracow against the letter and
the fact of solemn treaties gives but treble justice to
the strong, however dormant, claims of Poland. It is
not by the feudal subsistence of one free city, that
this ancient monarchy could hope for restoration.
This must come from the gradual, and irresistible
development of the Sclavonian race, which despotism
cannot in our age extirpate, and which enjoys a
vastness and vital tenacity, defying the most insidious
rancour to convert or to modify materially.
We are amongst those, who have never despaired
of the revival of Polish nationality. And yet we
deprecate all small and petty ways for vindicating or
restoring it. Since the great insurrection which
succeeded the revolution of July, and which with
much reason counted on a European war, in which
case it could not but have been successful, there has
been no hope of saving Poland from the iron grasp
of the great empires around it. We do not see the
use of irritating these empires and alarming their
hyper-susceptible governments by vain pretexts. The
salvation of each a country as Poland must be done by
great, national, gigantic efforts. Chicanery is idle,
protest futile. The task to be done is something far
beyond the jargon of diplomatists, or the notes of any
foreign-office.
We cannot, therefore, join with our contemporaries
in regretting the absence of a British Consul from
Cracow. His interference could have done no good :
his presence might have done much harm. His flag
would, in despite of him, have been the rallying point
of discontent, if not of insurrection. Had he shown
spirit, the national honour would have been idly
implicated. Had he shown acquiescence, even greater
disgrace would have ensued. Much, therefore, as we
lament the fall of Cracow, and execrate the policy
which effects it, we cannot join in thinking that the
presence of a British Consul could have prevented it,
or could in any wise have enabled us to save the inde-
pendence of that ancient city. The establishment of an
English Consul in Cracow, was one of those schemes,
in which we rejoice that Lord Palmerston did not
succeed. We even wish that he had never tried.

EXPRESS FROM PARIS.
SATURDAY MORNING.

The Journal des Debate, on Thursday, in announ-
cing from official authority the fact that the intended
annihilation of the Republic of Cracow, and its incor-
poration with the domains of Austria, was, on Wed-
nesday afternoon, formally communicated to Lord
Normanby by the Prussian minister, and M. Guizot
by the Charge d'Affaires of Austria, pronounces, in
no equivocal terms, a most indignant sense of this
atrocious violation of solemn treaties, and declares its
conviction, that the declaration made last summer in
parliament by the foreign ministers of France and
England, offered sure guarantee, that though the fact
may be accomplished, the right will not be abandoned.
The question was, then, says the Journal des Dawes, only
of the temporary occupation of the city of Cracow, in con-
sequence of the disturbances of which it hadbeen the theatre.
Yet public opinion in France and England was moved with
equal vivacity. M. Guizot was questioned upon it in the
Chamber of Peers, and Lord Palmerston in the House of
Commons; the two ministers in their reply asserted the
same principles ; they acknowledged that the existence of
the republic of Cracow had its foundation in the formal
stipulations of the treaty of Vienna; that the question
of its right was European ; that Trance and England, as
parties to these treaties, had guaranteed the independence
and the right of the only city which remains free in Poland.
They declared that the siolation of the clauses of those tres-
tles relative to the republic of Cracow, weak and small as
that state was, would call in question the entire treaty ; M.
Guizot was, as usual, clear and precise, Lord Palmerston
expressed himself even with more energy.
The Journal des Debate then quotes at length the
speech delivered by M. Guizot on the 2nd July in
answer to M. Montalambert, and that delivered by
Lord Palmerston on the 17th August in answer to a
question by Mr. Hume.
The importance of this proceeding is not, as the
Debate says, to be measured by that of the little
republic of Cracow, the transfer of which to Austria
would not certainly disturb the political equilibrium
of Europe. Its importance depends on its violation
of a principle upon which the public law of Europe,
and the independence of all states, great and small,

repose.
If the existence of the republic of Cracow, continues the
Daats, was really incompatibly with the repose of three
great powers, such as Russia, Austria, and Preasia, that was
no sufficient reason for that violation of a right. All the
powers who had signed the Treaty of Vienna ouTht to have
been referred to. France and England would certainly
have taken into serious consideration theinquietude which the
republic of Cracow had caused to the Emperor of all the
Rummies, and to the two great sovereigns of Germany, but for
three parties to tear in pieces treaties which had been con-
! eluded between seven, is a proceeding
.new and unheard of
in the records of diplomacy.
Such is the language held by the official journal
of the Cabinet of the Tuileries respecting the Cracow
affair, and if there could be any
.doubt that it ex-
presses the sentiments of the ministry, such a doubt
would be removed by the leading article of the semi-
official journal L' Epoque, in which the same opinions
are expressed, and the same speeches of M.Guizot and
Lord Palmerston referred to, almost in the same

words.
The communication of the Prussian and Aastri• an
agents, made on Wednesday to the English Ain',
sador, and M. Guizot, were unknown to all the jou,.
nals of Paris on Thursday, except the two or of
of
the Court and Cabinet just referred to.
The announcement in the Debate and /if pore, as
well as the tone adopted by these journa' ,s, has pro-
duced to-day a profound sensation in :'axis, mani-
fested by a fall of 1 per cent. in the, fund,. This
question has come to complicate that of the
marriages, yet some express an expectation
that if it cannot restore the good understanding be-
tween the governments of Engla" ad and France, they
will, nevertheless, present a community of action
and feeling towards the three powers which have so
flagrantly violated the treatif:s of Vienna.
Penh, NOT. 19.—The political ne prod.,' an
immense venation today on dr.: Bourse; the Three and Five per
Cents. falling—the ant, t Per or at.; the second, 1-sth per cent.—The
decline of the previous day to tlite share market was considerably acce-
lerated to-day, the North thr,ing from 627 50, to 612 50.—Three r
Cents., 61 20 ; rive per Ce Ili 50; Your per Cents., 105 85 ; Bel-
pe
gian Five per Ceuta, 1%40, 997: Do., rive per Oente., 1812, 1011;
Naples REMO, 102 ; 'Amen Loan, 100 ; Bank Shares, 3463. Fs-
change on London, ‘3O days), paper, 23 45; cash, 23 45; ditto, (90
days) paper, 23 33 t cash, 25 521.

The MEirid journals and correspondence of the
13th, we're received in Paris on Thursday. By a
royal ordonnance the commencement of the general
elections is fixed for the Gth December. The Cortes
will assemble, as before arranged, on the 23th.
MADRID, Nov. 13.—Three per Cents., 3.11; Four per Cents., 211;
Fne per Cents., 211; Parnees, oz. Coupons, 20. Exchange on Len-
ten, ; &smut, 8 per cent.

• ---
FRANCE.--Tmg SPANIARDS IN PARIS.--i‘ The
Spanish ladies were anxious," it is stated in a private
letter, "to be presented to the Due de Montpensier
and the Infanta. Martinez promised to present them.
But, in procuring permission, he could only give
them two hours' notice. Consequently, but few could
avail themselves of the offer. Those who did, kissed the
Infinta's hand, and bowed the knee to tho Duke in Spanish
1 fashion ; whereupon he, looking at his wife, beggd one of

~....mnte of the situation. MS and.
aged all the sets of the Cabbie,, and observed on the
ustematie silence of the Oppose ea meet of these eats.
Be did not think that pubtlieghtion onto so agitated as some
persons pleased to upraise.. M. Derhangers called the
attention of the Chamber to the great measures for promoting
public interest which the situation required, and he men-
tioned very particularly the plan of an exporting company
in favour of the linen manufacture—a plan which has
been long studied, and of which all competent persons
I have given a favourable opinion.—M. de Deckerharsh divided hie
s
speech into two parts ;in one he spoke very ly of th
minietry, and in the other of the opposition. He is a solitary
orator who knows everything, who sees everything, but who
sees everything under a gloomy aspect.—M.
Roget congra-
tulated M. de Decker, because he left the opposition speaker
nothhig.to say but then he congratulated himself on seeing
the ministers so toughly handled by a political friend. He
concluded with some very just considerations on the situa-
tion of the clergy of Belgium, and proposed an amendment,
which he wished to insert in the paragraph relative to the
instruction moyenne.—M. Melon replied to all the arguments
of M. Roget.—The Minister of War terminated the sitting
with explanations relative to the circulars which have been
addressed to the officers of the army respecting political and
religious associations

gbr Grout.
The Queen and Prince Albert took their usual early
walk yesterday, in the pleasure-grounds of Osborne House.
Her Royal Highness the Princess Caroline of Hesse
attended by the Baronies Scheel, Baron Meyseobuch, and
Mr. Bedford arrived at the Euston-square terminus of the
London and North-Western Railway yesterday morning
from Cashiobury Park, the residence of her Majesty the
Queen Dowager. The Earl of Denbigh attended her Royal
Highness to the Model Prison at Pentonville, which the
Pnneess inspected. and afterwards retired.
His Royal Highness the Hereditary Grand Duke
ofj Mecklenburgh-Strelits returned to Kew on Thursday
evening from paying a visit to her Majesty the Queen
Dowager.

A deputation respecting the health of towns, headed
by Lord Ashley, had an interview with Sir George Grey
yesterday, at the House Office.
The Rev. W. Elliott had an interview with Earl
Grey yesterday at the Colonial Office.
Mr. Bagshaw had an interview with the Right
Honourable the Vice-President of the Board of Trade, on
Thursday, in Whitehall.
Mr. John Wood, Chairman of the Excise, had an
interview with the Chancellor of the Exchequer, on Thurs-
day, at his official residence in Downing-street.
Sir Benjamin Brodie had an interview yesterday
with Sir George Grey at the Home Office.
Colonel Mitchell had an interview yesterday with
Earl Grey at the Colonial Office.

FOREIGN-OFFICE.—Nov. 19.—The Queen has ap-
proved of Senhor Joao Bonifaclo Misso, u Consul General in
the island of Ceylon for her Majesty the Queen of Portugal
and the Algarve* ; also of Don Juan J. O'Brien, as Consul
General in Great Britain for the Oriental Republick of tke
Uruguay.— Gazette.

CABINET COUNCIL.—By direction of Lord J.
Rumll, summonses were issued yesterday morning to all the
ministers to attend a Cabinet Council, at the Foreign-office,
to-day at 12 o'clock.

From Last Night's Gazette.
WAR-OFFICE, Nov. 16.
3rd L. Drag.—Cor. J. Macqueen, from 16th L. Drag., to be cur.,
vice Colt, prom.
Ist or Gren. Refit. of F. Gds.—Lieut. and Capt. 11. Pealeare to be,
apt. and lieut.-col., without pur., vice Spottiswoodc, dec.
3rd Rent of F.--Lieut P. Browne to be apt., by pur., vice Pryse,
who ret. ; Ens. C. Mood to be Brut., by per., vice Browne; 0. C.
Rooke to be ens., by pur., vice Hood.
7th F.- Asaist-surg. W. S. Saunders, from let W. L Rent., to be
araist-surg., vice Collings, prom. in 2d W.I. Rcgt.
21st F.-11. C. Gray to be sec. lieut., without per., vice Peddle, de!.
25th P.—W. T. Arnold to be ens., by put., vice J. H. Cumming,
whore app. has been cancelled.
27th P.—Ens. B. Noble to be lieut., by pur., vice Cole, who ret. ;
W. A. Kidd to be ens., by pur., vice Noble.
36th F.—Major C. Trollope to be lieut.-col., without pur. ; Capt.
L. Rothe to be major, vice Trollope ; Lieut. R. H. Carew to be apt.,
vice Rothe; Lieut. R. Anniston to be adjt ; Quarternmster.Serj. P.
Owens to be quartermaster.
37th F.—Ens. E. J. N. Burton to be lieut., by pur., vim Hobson,
who rd. ;.3. Hagan to be ens., by pur., vice Burton.
41st F.—Dis. H. W. Meredith to be lieut., by pur., vice C. Graham,
whose prom., by pur., has been cancelled.
56th F.—Brev. Lieut.-Col. P. S. Norman to be lieut.-col., without
put.; Brev. Major N. Palmer to be major, vice Normal: ; Lieut.llon.
J. A. Keane, from 33rd 1., to be capt., vice Palmer; I.ieut. F. M.
Ramsay to be adjt Serj.-31ajor J. hwaine, to be quartermaster.
92nd I.—Gent. Cadet J. 11. St. John, from Royal Mil. Col., tbe
ests., without pur., vice Viscount Kirkwall, prom.
let W. I. Rent —T. F. Wall to be assist-surg., vies Saunders, re-
moved to 7th Y.
2nd W. I. Regt.—Aredst-surg. .
theinas, M.D., from 7th F., to Sc
Burgeon, vice Richardson, prom. on Staff.
iiOePITAL. STAP7.—Surgeo% J. Richardson, from 2nd W. I. Rest,
to be staff surgeon of the lot clam. vice Chambers, der.
Barver.—The following officers were omitted in the list of promo.
tires, by brevet, which were publo,bed to the Gazette of the 10th N 0..:
To be Lieut -General :—Major-Gen. Sir C. W. Thornton, lieut.
governor of Hull.
To bc Major.-Oenerals:—Cob. P. A. Lautour, C. 8., IL-p. 23rd L.
Dr ag .; R. W. H. H. N'pe,b.-p. Unatt. ; A. Maclachlan, h.-p.(l9th F.;
I. V. bedlam, b.-p. Ist Gar. Batt. ;J. W. Aldred, h..p. 60tIs P.
To be Colonels: Licut.-Cols. C. Milner, b.-p. 3rd F. ;W. M. Nor-
b.-p. 23rd L. Drag. ;G. S. Thwaites, h..p. 57th F. ;J. Jerrard,
h.-p. 6th Garrison Batt; J. Linton, b..p. Unatt.; W. Pram, h..p.
Unatt.
To be Majors:—Capt. lion. C. R. W. Forester, h.-p. Unatt, Assist.
Mil. See. in Ireland ; H. Daniell, Cads. Rent. Y. Otis. ; H. Anderson,
staff cat., Chatham
The following captains upon half-pay, whom, serving as
cern of petaioners, to be Majors :—W. Mon Royal Artirkgy; A.
Campbell. Ceylon Regt. ; T. Beckham, Uhatt ; S. 1. Sutton, Pmdulturse
officers; P. Brown, 62nd F.; It. W. Bamford, Mutt.; Id. Orr, Enact;
11. F. Hawker, 12th P.; E. Trevor, Royal Artillery; G. H. F_Carnp-
bell, Royal Staff Corps; W. Campbell, Unatt.; N.M. Farmer, truatt-;
J. E. Orange, 34th F.; W. J. Crompton, Unatt.; 3. F. Du Verne t,
Royal African Corps ; W. Calder, Unatt. ; J. Stuart. 64th F. W. H.
Phibbs, Unatt. ; W. Beaks, 9th L. Drag.; W. 36•Pherson, Chatt-;
J. Forbes, Unatt.

ADIGRALTY, Nor. 20—Ibis day, in pursuance et ber Majesty's-
pleasure, the following Flag Officers of her Majestes fleet were pre-
mated, viz.—Admiral of the White, F. Watkins, het., to be Admiral
of the Red.—Admiral of the Blue, Sir J. Went, K.C.8., to be Admiral
of the White.—Vice Admiral of the Red, sir 11. Heathoote, Kit, to be
Admiral of the Blue.—Vice Admiral of the White, 8.. R. Lirdahales,
Fog., to be Vice Admiral of the Red.—Vice Admiral of the Blue,
Sir C. llashwood. K.C.8., to be Vice Admiral of the Whim.—Re.c
Admiral of the Red, C. Carter, Fag., to be Vice-Admiral of the• Blue—
. Admirals of the White, A. Duff, Req., sad Hon. D. 11..Mackae,
to be Rear Admirals of the Red.—Rear Admirals of the Blum, S. IL
Inglefield, C. 8.. and Sir W. A. floatagu,i to be
Rear Admirals of the White.—And the nano of Capt. John thoinpsen
(A) has been added, under special eimumstasces represented by him,
to the list of Captalne of the Royal Nary vdee bane seceptAst the lark.
of Retired Rear Admiral alter Migrates Met.

PHILANTHROPIC SOCIETY.--A special coast of the
subscribers and committee of this institution was held yester-
day at the London Coffee-boum, Ludgate-hill, be the pie-
pose of electing a treasurer, in the room of S. Bosanqust,
Esq., resigned, and filling u vacancies in the commit-
tee—W. Gaussen, sq., in the chair. After a few prelimi-
nary observations from the Chairman, Gladstone,
Esq., wag unanimously elected. Treasurer, and Major Wood-
roffe, Charles Cochrane, Esq., E. Yenryn, Beg , and J. H.
Gladstaines, Esq., were chosen on the committee. A resolu-
tion was run agreed to, in acknowledgmeat of the valuable
services of the late treasurer; after which thanks were voted
to the eanirman, and the court broke up.
Bff !ME IRON COMPANY.—The usual half-yearly
meeting of this company was held yesterday at the South
Sea House, Sir 0. Larpent, Nut, in the chair. The
.eting was called together for the purpose of considering
is directors' report, which was extremely brief, merely
stating that the call of 1/. per share, which had been made
last kebruary, was found, as the directors had expected,
sufficient to cover all outstanding liabilities, and that the
company's solicitor was taking steps to recover such debts of
the company as were recoverable, preparatory to winding up
its affairs. 'The Chairman stated that no expenses bad been
incurred in the conducting of the company for the last six
months. It was not thought desirable to send round a list
of the defaulting shareholders, as wee recommended in a
resolution of the last meeting. The company was merely
held together until the defaulting shareholders were made
Fay,. but there would be no responsibility by their continu-
ing in existence till that time. The report was then put and
adopted, and thanks having been voted to the chairman,
the meeting separated.
THE CITY ANTI-IMPROVEMENT AUTHORITIES.-

Sir,—lt appears in your report of the memorial from the
ward of Farringdon Without relative to the sanatory im-
provement of the metropolis, that the corporation of London
has hitherto " failed in Its exertions to take its place amongst
the first cities in the world, by adopting the means of giving
comfort to those from whom the merchant princes derived
their opulence and wealth." Allow me to bring under your
notice a fact which proves even more than this—namely,
that the City authorities not only fail in their own exertions,
but a tually impede improvements in course of accomplish-
ment by others. During the last session of parliament an
act was granted to the 'Metropolitan Sewage Manure Com-
pany, for diverting the contents of the sewers from the ricer,
upon the express grounds of the importance of the experi-
ment " in cleansing our towns, purifying our rivers, and
enriching our soil," with a recommendation " that a line
should be adopted for the main pipe (of the company), along
the bank or bed of the river, to or beyond Battersea Bridge.'
It will scarcely be believed that, notwithstanding this sanc-
tion and recommendation of the legislature, the navigation
committee of the City of London impedes effecting the pri-
mary object in the most advantageous way, by ref ' its
consent to laying the main as advised, although the
itself will be improved, and the river effectually preserved
from pollution, as far as this individual section of the com-
pany is concerned : whereas the alternative lines only par.
tially effect the desire.l objects.—A CONSTANT READER.
OPINION OF GOVERNMENT ON THE ARCH AND
STATUE.—In acknowledging receipt of the unanimous report
of the Institute of Architects against the dwindling effect of
the size of the statue on the triumphal arch, and the injury
thus and otherwise done to the general grandeur of this prin-
cipal approach to the metropolis, Lord Morpeth expressed
his gratification in finding that the opinion of the Institute
agreed with that entertained by the government. —The
Builder.

-------..
d march of kaaleeile-cemp to thank.those ladies for him. This was
n '11" kas ..
..
-I' . . • Palatfilt hiereinet t*ealß4l La ilmseottig)ll44l"'and.
' own Oril- ~ ~ . y fritpesis.ta•4llTiUti use i;nstid
e word, for .- . . • "is to ossee in his place. 1 ,
to the fears '! . f , Itl,-,-BAffasms, Nov. 7.-. The bet
desvotism. at liainsesweettives it:Metes, continued the deism eft dm
Aft, the veil pitipoied address to the King. The itindeter• for Forhign
and the Ministered Finance spoke
imbecility IffainftecuiZi.do ID4ecjarget mord sm amectimsai rel;tive !poke
wavy. dill- the
.project of law on the ' hestreeties awspenne." The
mama of *fluster for Foreign Affairs stated Mime he eensiderod to be
- • --.. a the aiteseien. Us amanserkted an&