The Express.
London, England, 1851-10-06 00:00:00

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LONDO3; 310-VDAY, OCTOBER 6.

AT last we begin to descry the termination of that
barren quarrel between landed and industrial inte-
rests which has for so lung a time absorbed parties,
paralysed statesmanship, compelled the adjournment
of so many questions of real and general improve-
ment, and rendered large masses of the national
constituencies ineifferent to any other consideration
than the immediate state of their pockets and
resources. The officers of the protectionist army ,
begin to drop in ono by one, abandoning their '
colours, some in despair of seeing them triumph,
others in conscientious doubt of the justice, and, eon-
oequently, of the solidity of their cause.
Has the movement proceeded altogether from the
chiefs, and from their impatience at finding them-
selves in a path without issue ? liae this impatience
been increased by a near prospect, almost by a grasp
of office, from which they were repelled by the im-
practicability of using their opposition principles
as ministerial ones? And hence have the leading pro-
tectionist., whom Lord STANLEY honoured with a
call, come to the determination that they will no
longer consent to render themselves impossible?
However strong and obvious their motives, they
are not sufficient to wanunt the open flinging off of
protection on the eve of a general election unless the
agricultural constituencies themselves—in other
words, the farmers—had begun to show signs that
they too were weary of entertaining delusive hopes
of protection, that they preferred to listen to the
truth, dishearte g as it might be, and that they
wanted practical leaders rather than honest fools or
designing charlatans as their spokesmen.
It is truly time for the farmers to use this lan-
gungr, for as long as the old logic and humbug of
protectiiin was in vogue, it was impossible fur tenants
to conic to any fair understanding with landlords.
To be sure, although promises of restoring protec-
tion have become hopeless and stale, the landlord
party have already provided a substitute to thrust
down the farineis' throats, and ward off their impor-
tuuitice. They are now to be relieved of a certain
portion of local taxation; although what portion of
this falls really upon the farmer, and would not be
added to rent if taken off, dues not appear to have
been vet discovered.
There is great gain, however, in thus having the
question shifted to purely fiscal ground, since it can-
not but lead to a gencrid fathoming and survey of
taxation, and to a complete mapping out of property,
its debts and its burdens. And all parties should
come to this inquiry determined to carry it through
in a just, and not a party or vindictive, spirit. Un-
doubtedly the state has its first lien on that portion
of the property in land, which consists of the natural
pewees and fertility of the toil. For this, originally
given and secured to its holders hereditarily by the
Mate, was never so given but on the condition of
contributing to the support of the Sovereign and
his governmeat. So far as the wealth of land is the
produce of its natural power, or so far as that
wealth has increased by the general weu'th of the
non-landed community, so far land is bound to
pay out of its surplus produce more titan
the returns of capital amassed in money and
created without a basis by man's industry-. Our
spat in of taxation, however, has not confined it-
self to these two sources of wealth, but mulcts the
earner in the very act of production, and that not in
any fair proportion. On the contrary, the state sub-
tracts from the earner and the worker tenfold more
than it dues from the inheritor and the mere enjoyer.
These are different accounts, that require to be
examined nntl compared. The present slipshod mode
of raising the revenue anyhow, in ways of which the
injustice is openly avowed, and only defended Is-
e-au...v. forsooth, statesmen declare they are unable to
invent any more equitable—topersist in such a course
as this is impossible. it would form too good a
ground for eushicring the entire existing race of
statesmen and class of political influence.
We slisipair indeed of having the justice of such
views admitted at once. But a grand step to it is
the alvandannwnt of protection by the landed inte-
rest. and the demand five that interest of fiscal
alleviations, which must lead to a solemn financial
inquest. To that inquest although the people and
the cure earns rs may not be invited, they will
most assuredly work their way in, and have their
say. And if they are not listened to, means may
sad will be found to give potentiality to their voice.
In the ensuing year, or years, the landed
and the commercial interests will come to a kind
of fiscal reckoning. Now, a great deal will depend
upon who or what is to preside over that reckon-
ing. As to the whigs, and especially the present
Chancellor, they are evidently so satisfied with
having prostrated protection, that they would yield
to the landed interest, by way of conciliating it.
anything that the industrial classes could be got to
consent to. If the torics become ministers, they
will carry matters with a higher hand, and
dip their fingers boldly into the pockets el the
industrial classes. But that will be so bow
faced as men to work its own remedy, erbillet
the concessions of the whigs will be win
dangerous, because less flagrant. The fiscal tem
dencies of the whigs arc, we are sorry to say, to
throw the weight of taxation on the middle class, to
enlist the poor on their side by apparent and in-
sidious exemptions, and let the upper classes off as
easily as they can, calculating that a free trade in
corn is as much as can be forced from the landed
aristocracy for one cycle of ten years. So that pro-
tection removed, we might almost drive liege-fee
and WOOD is the same curriele, so much in accord
would they draw.
The abandonment and the funeral of Protection,
therefore, although a great boon and a grand ad-
vancement, ought still to increase rather than pat
to sleep the vigilance of liberals; fur though it
secures them one solid gain, it opens the door for
a host of claims and contingencies prejudicial to
them. It rendersa tory ministry possible; it brings
the tory and Whig aristocracy very closely together,
divided only by the mere interests and traditional play
of party. It renders an agreement between them
on fiscal matters highly probable, this agreement
being based on the principle of flinging still more of
the public burdens on the middle chum Now it is
quite evident from the passing of the house-tax last
year, that the middle classes are not awake, and that
our industrious folk are still of that simplecomposition
which prompts zealous men to get under a burden,
merely fur the sake of showing how they can bear
it. bone BULL has a great deal of the virtue of
the camel, he patiently bean the package of bur-
den upon burden, tax upon tax. lie, however, has
also the camel's peculiarity of becoming very restive
when overloaded, and flinging both packages nod
rider into the min..

STAFF APPOINTMENTS AanotD.—The following'
*facers bare recently been appointed to the stallf:—Captaia
214th Foot, to be aide.d.c.cano to the new go.
vernor of Malta, Lieut.-Colonel Reid, D.E., C. 8.; Lieut.
Count ltivarula, 67th Foot. has become fort adjutant at
St. Lucia. Ensign Glover, her Majesty's 31st Foot, to he
aid ...de-camp to Major-General Sewell, C.D., at Madras.
Captain Wellesley. T.tril Foot, has been appointed deputy
as.i.tant adjutant-general in Kalfraria. Captain Folsom,
7:ted Foot, has become major of brigade in liaffraria.
Lieut: jujonej Cole, R.E., has become commandant of Cape
Town. Lieut. poplin., I ith Foot, has become one of the
aides-de-camp to the ti ,veruor of Ceylon. Lieut. Wilson,
3rd West India Begin. at, is naw fort adjutant at Siirra

•
TUE 11 REDON ARREST4.—The Nara! and Military
Gaulle of Batunlay states: Captain Kennedy and Lieu-
tenant Coeks (4th Foot) are still la arre4 and untried, this
being the 74th day of confinement; that is, 74-B=6B days
beyowl the time prescribed by military law, Lvnil advice,
we are informed, has bees taken. The promulgation of the
sentences is hooey expected,"
TRoors FOR AveriaLts.—The react/ &rein
Gaze'te states:—" We =demand that Governor Fitzroy
las intimated to Earl Om the necessity for reinforcements
Si troops, tree captive of whith is to be borne by the
colony." The three regiments next for foreign service are
die 7id (lst batialloo), 48th, and 89th, but we have nason
to believe that no reinforcement will be sent, at least until
the retvipt et further informatics from the missy.