The Express.
London, England, 1849-08-02 00:00:00

femme from them. If each were the talk, I should urdoebt
edly feel myself very much out of my depth. But, however,
I think there can be no second opinion of the very great im-
portance (upon questions concerning the daily apolinvion of
agriculture) of the topics which have been dimmed, and of
thi practical nature of the observations which have been
made.
The meeting broke no jut before nine ceramic.
TEE GREAT DINNER.
The usual dinner given by the society at the elms of the
proceedings took place at three o'clock to-day, the Earl of
Cazusur, the president of the moiety, in the chair. The
dinner was served up in the new hall of the Stock Eachange-
Aloioa-strem, which was tastefully decorated for the occa-
sion. As the speeches have not yet commenced, a report
of them must be deferred uatil to-morrow.

BRITISH ARCILEOLOOICAL SOCIETY.

CHErtgit, TUUDAT.

The members of this congress assembled in the
°misty hall to-day. The chair was taken by the Bishop of
CHNATIII, supported by Lord de Tabley and Sir Edward
Walker, mayor of the city.
The right rev. prelate, in opening the proceedings, stated
that on the previous evening it had been his pleasing duty
to welcome, on the part of the inhabit/gas of Cheater, the
arrival ot Lord Albert Conyogham and the members of the
British Atehmalogical Association ; be t ad now, however,
to discharge a more painful task. He bad to inform the
meeting that Lord Albert had that morning received
• letter announcing the dangerous illness
,of hie uncle,
land ot whose recovery it was feared no hope remained. His
lordship had, therefore, been obliged to leave for Loudon
' that morning. The lord bishop then introduced the more
immediate business of the meeting, and calied upon Mr.
W. H Black, assistant-keeper of her Majesty's records, to
deliver his lecture.
Mr. BLACK then commenced a lecture " On the Public
Rec.-..rde of the Palatinate of Chester." He rioted that the
rolls for the counties of Fiint and Chester had been received
from the custody of Mr. Lloyd, and those belonging to the
Exchequer from Mr. 'lumbermen. These records com-
mencer in the IdA Edward 1., but he regretted to say that
the records concerning the old Earls of Chester were not in
exi.tence. Of the old North Wiles records, two were found
partly cut into tailor's meg:tires, a tailor having picked them
up on the banks of the Mend Straits. He next adverted to
the courts of •he justices of Cocotte, and the manner in which
they were held, together with their purposes, observing that
by a statute 33 Henry VIII., the sheriff of Chester was em-
powered to hold courts in the shire hall far plaints under
40s. Having advert( d to the mode of procedure in
I the courts of law with respect to parties charged with
I murder, Mr. Black next proceeded to describe the method of
drawing indictments fur that crime in former days, and to
compare it with the formula used at present. He observed
'that in those days a party charging another with murder
" must strictly prove his charge, otherwise it was the law that
he should be committed far having put in a bad plea. He
showed that in the year of 34 It Edward 1., Warren de
Grosvenor was indicted f. r basing shot Sir R chard Pulford,
at Budworth, with a string and long bow and arrow. The
&ceased on being qrought up to plead was mute, ani he was
ordered to undergo the puniehmi nt of Wog imprisoned,
I almost naked, and fed on barley, brae, and water, for not
I pleading, On • subsequent uccaritn, however, he was
brought before the court, and ho then alleged that
the prosecutor did not mention the thickness of the
I fled or the coleur of the feather at the end thereof,
whereupon the court decided that thy proeetutor must
be committed to gaol for having put in • bad plea.
The speaker then proceeded to recd ex•racts tram ancient
documents, one of which staved that Richard of Shrewsbure
I who was constable of the Western Gate (Watergate), took
fishes fr.m ships coming to the Western Gate, showing that
at that time ship* came up close to the outside of the walls.
Another extract stated that the meter of the Church of Holy
Trinity had broken into a house and stolen herrings to the
value of a &billing ; others presenting panics well known as
thieves; that the ordinary of Closter was in the habit of
drawing men and women into his court and extorting
money from them over and above the amount of their de-
faults or their abilities to pay ; smote er. that Margaret
Swift was guilty of catching young sa'man fry, contrary to
law. He then proceeded to notice a reectel which illus-
trated a passage to Doomsday B reek, cad concluded with a
s.rang recommendation to search these ancient records and
publish their contents to the world.
Sir W. BETHAPI, F S.A , r KiagottArms, read
an ioteresting paper on palatinate jarisilieliew nod libortim
in Ireland.
Ater these lectures, the members of the congress devoted
mire time to an examination of the aniiqoitios of Chester.
At four o'clock a party of ladies and gentlemen, numbering
about 300, *gambled at the residence of the mayor, and par-
took of a ckjekour a to f.urchette.
-s Dean

pro,
about

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rought before the court, and ho then alleged that
to prosecutor did not mention the thickness of the !
'eck or the colour of the feather at the end thereof, I
thereupon the court decided that the proeetutor must
e committed to gaol for having put in • bid plea.
• • I
'he speaker then proceeded to reed ex' ruts frAn ancient
muumuus, one of which staved that Richard of Shrewsbury
rho was constable of the Western Gate (Watergate), took
idles frin ships coming to the Western Gate, showing that 4 . 1
t that lime chip* came up close to the outside of the walls.
bother extract stated that the rector of the Church of Holy l
:rinity had broken into a house and stolen herrings to the • I
elite of a abiding ; others presenting parties well known as
hieves ; that the ordinary of Canter wee in the habit of 1
;cawing men and women into his court and extorting '
'lousy Iron them over and above the amount of their de-
salts or their abilities to pay ; aunt. er. that Margaret
{swift was guilty of catching young ealmn fr), contrary to f
aw. He then proceeded to notice a recerd which 'Uns-
eated a passage in Doomsday B e.k, end concluded with a r . 1 i s
.rang recommendation to search tinge ancient records and
: •
tablet& their contents to the world.
Sir W. BETH/Al, F S.A , Ulet. r KMg-at•Anne, read 'll , i
en ioteresting paper on palatinate jurist:tusking aLiel liberties
n Ireland. • 1 :
Aare these lectures, the members of the congress devoted
eerie time to an examination of the an. iquitios of Chester.. • s i
At four o'clock a party of ladies and gentlemen, numbering I
'brut 300, anumbled at the residence of the mayor, end par-
took of a d•jesiner a &flap:llWe. 1
la the evening the Dean of Cheater took the chair in the
Ito, al Aso•mbly It some, when lectures, illustrative of the
principal objects in Chest. r Cathedral, were delivered by
Mr. A Ashpitel, F.S.A., and Mr. C. Bally, F S.A. '
Tb • Iti.v. J. BRUCE then re an a paper on the present '
state and original design or the Roman wall whims extends
sr, m the Tyne to the Solway. I'. e wall, ho observed, had
no doubt been originally designed by Adrian, the Roman l
emperor, a large portion of it be in., built by him, and most
pro's .hly completed by Severn It i onsistrd of a stone wall,
about 8 net wide and 12 high. Very little of it now re- 1
' I 1
ermined but the ditch, sod other marks of its existence,
could still be traced. ~
You terminated the day'. proceedings.
_. _ __ _ ___. _ • I
SAVIWOS BANKS.
- . i
E
A valuable return, obtained upon the motion of Mr. •
, , 1
. • ,I
Brotherton, has just ben published. It appear+ that on the
20th of Nove-sher, 1848, the total number of depositon in
the United Kingdom was 1,0:4,663, or about 4 per cent. of 1 ,
the p•.pulatiun.
In England the depositors were 1155,111, or 57 per cent. I I
„ Weft , Pt 21,195 „2: „
„ Pestle, d ~ sr /53072 „St
~ Ireland „
II KIP.) „ I „
„ Channel Wands „ 9,73(1 „Si „
The total number of savings banks was 581. The gross
amount owing to depositors wee 23,046,1391. 9s 101 d. ; the /
annual expences :of management 103,1021. 19i. 314.; of
which sum was paid for salaries 71,3841. 4s. 1118. The
amount of security given by unpaid utilizers was 355,9701 ;
by paid efficen, 323,3101.; total, 679,2801. Amount of the
surplus fund, 359,6361. Is. 41d.; number of annuities
. '
granted, 6,368, and the amount of annuities 101,0621. 2e. 63.
the rate of interest upon deposits averages in England
2!. 18.. 101 d. ; Wales, 21. 18.. 31d. • Scotlund, 21. 16s. 9d.;
Ireland, 21. 175. 3161.; and in the deannel Islands, 3!.
The increase and decrease of banks in the year 1817.48,
were as follows.-
~ •
Increase. Decrease. . .
England 1
Wales
Scotland
Ireland
-12
Deduct increase
11.
• Decrease
In England, the closed banks were in the suirjeieed i
counties "-Cornwall, 1; Hants, 2 ; Lancaster, 1; Lincoln,
1; Salop, 1; total, 6. But additional banks were opened in •
Cambritige, 1; Denham, 1; Kent, 1; Stafford, 2; Warwick, 1,
1; and Worcester, 1 ; total, 7-being an increase on the I 1 '
balance of one.
In Water, an additional bank was opened in Denbigh.
shire. • 1
In Seatland, one bank was closed in the county of
Aberdeen.
In Ireland, two new banks were opened, viz., in Wicklow I
and Tipperary ; whilst thirteen were closed, viz, Dublin, 2 ;
Kildare, 1; Westmeath, 1 (making 4 in Leinster); Down, . .
4; Monaghan, 1 (making 5 in Ulster); Galwav, 1 (the only i
reduction in Connaught); Cork, 1; Kerry, 2 (makiog 3 in
Munster).
In the following counties there are no savings banks :- •
Zeeland-Rutland (pop. 21.302.)
Wales.-Radnor (pop. 25,356.)
Scotland.-Iladdington' Kinross, Linlithgow, Orkney
and Shetland, Peebles, Sutherland and Wigtown (pop.
207,062).
Ireland.-Carlow, Donegal, Kerry, Leitrim, and Long-
ford (pop, 947,344.)
In the return for the year ending November 20, 1847,
there is no account of the Channel Islands. •
In the return for the year ending November, 20, 1848, the 1
city of London is altogether omitted, although in that for the
preceding year, it is returned as having three savings
Intake ; yet the number of establishments in Middlesex re- 1
mains unaltered. 1 i
The increase and decrease of deposit accounts in 1847.8 es
compare 1 with then of 1848.7 were-
•
i Increase. Decrease.
•
1 England.. 23,785
Wales.... 217 1 '
t 8 :citland .. 2,654
1 Ireland .. 34,-001 I
60,340 I.
Deduct increase 214
I Decrease of deposit accounts
' The go amount of each account in the United King. I • I
dam was in 1846.7, 281.; and in 1847.8, 261. lls. 104_ ~
-
being a decrease of 11. Ba. 2d.; which upon the 1,054,663
accounts still open makes a total reduction of 1,485,3171.
' But the total investments in 1846-7 having been £30,207,180
' And those in 1847.8 being only
The deficiency will he
1 And deducting, as the aggregate of diminished
r avenges
a !I
I
r We have, as the amount of the accounts closed , i 1
1 within the year £675,724 I 1 •
le These figures establish beyond question the lamentable • I!
:i 11
e extent to which the monetary pressure has fallen upon the.
e meritorious class of the industrious and provident poor-sixty
• thousand accounts closed, six hundred and seventy-five
• ,
• thousand pounds withdrawn by those who are no longer P,
, depositors, and the accounts of those who still continue so, i
reduced to the extent of nearly a million and a half !
a
It THE ROYAL RAILWAY CARRIAGE IN IRELAND. - s
a This vehicle, intended for the royal travel ever the Irish
o railways, has just been finished. It is a grand saloon, filled i
le with sofas, flower stands, mirrors, and gilt mouldings within,
.) the panels being of a rich blue striped in white without. It
it is all of Irish manufacture, and lined with light blue Irish
!
to '%h net. There are ante-rooms at both ends, with the Mel
n.l and Irish arms in juxtaposition. It is said to have cost 5,0004, .
..
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