The Express.
London, England, 1849-12-15 00:00:00

SPAIN.

The Madrid Gazette of the Bth pnblishta a decree
containing certain regulations on the Bank of SAD
Fernando. The bank is to have a govtrnor, at a
salary of 100,000 teals (25,009 fr.), and two sub-
governors at 50,000 reale. These functionaries, who
are to be paid by the shareholders, are to discharge
the duties heretofore performed by a royal commis-
sioner for 60,000 reale. M. Santillon, a senator, has
been appointed governor of the back, and MM. Valle
and Pareja sub-governors. The decree provides for
the extinction of a certain number of notes, so as to
reduce the circulation of them to 100,000,000 teals.

Macaw, Dec. 7.—Three per Ceara., 34 ace. roar par Cents.,
121 paper; Five per Cents, 131 piper. Coupons, ti paper. Rook of
C. Yeroinand, 89 paper. Yichang* on London. 501,1.

ITALY.

ROMAN STATES.—The Conslitutionnel, under
date of Rouse, December 5, bas the following :—" 1
have just received a very important piece of news.
which I Mitten to transmit to you. The Marquis
Sachetti, who was to have sent this week to Naples a
quantity of decorations which the Pope had ordered,
has just received directions not to do so. A lie rson
generally, well informed of what is going on, has jest
told me in a positive manner that his holiness is ex-
pected here towards the end of next week or the be-
ginning of the week following. At an early hour this
morning the large state carriage of the Pope was taken
to the Vatican. Judge of the my of Rothe and of the
catholic world if this news of his coming back turns
out to be true! We shall then see the horizon clear,
aid our hearts will open to some hope. The Pope
once more at Rome, the European question will be
half solved, and we may hope that everything will
be terminated in a pacific manner. Yon are aware
that General Rcstolan has received from the holy
father the grand cross of the Ordine Piano, and that
his aide-de-camp has also been decorated. It is stated
that at the first non-official interview of General
Barapay d'Hilliers, the Pope asked him if be were
married. The general replying in the affirmative,
his holiness took from his secretary four precious
chaplets which had been consecrated by himself, and
gave them to the general for his family. General
Baraguay d'Hilliers has not yet returned to Rome,
but is expected every day. M. de Corcelles, it is said,
will come with him.
LOMBARDY.—A letter from Milan on the 4th
says :—" M. de Schwartzenberg, a relative of the
Aturrian minister, has just arrived here, accom-
panied by two functionaries of the department of
commerce. They have come, it is said, to
settle some questions which are about to arise
with respect to the customs treaty, of which the bates
were settled at Vienna at the end of November,
between the Duchies of Parma, Modena, the States
of the Church, and Austria. A tumour, which
appears to be confirmed, has caused great
sensation in commeecial circles; it appears that
all the customs duties aro to be essentially
modified, and that the navigation of the Po and of
all its tributaries, such as the Tecino, the Adds, the
Oglio, the Mincio, and even the Canal Memo, are to
be completely free. A pantifir;al commissioner is
expected here with respect to the same matter.
SARDINIA.—Tun ELECTIONS.—Our correspon-
dent writes :

TURIN, Dec. 10.
I hasten to inform you of the result of the elections
at Turin. All are in favour of ministers, and equally
averse to absolutism and ultra democracy, or re-
publicanism. Pinelli, the late minister, is one of the
elected. From the provinces, about 1t out of 20
members, whose elections are known, arc for minis-
ters. M. d'Azeglio is among the members. There
will be a majority, perhaps not a large one, but suffi-
cient for the government to go on without having
recourse to • new dissolution. Mamiani and reveral
other modeuto men of the left centre have been
named.

The deputies of Turin are Counts Caneno, Balbo,
Galvagno, Gloss, Pinelli, Revel, and Professor

At Genoa M. Sauli has !vett chosen; at Alessandria
M. Rattazzi; General Dubernuda at A viglione. Mel-
lam, of the left, has been elected at Casale.

GERMANY.

THE lONIAN ISLANDS.
UNHEARD-OF AND UN-ENGLISH ATROCI-
TIES, UNDER SIR H. WARD, IN CEPHA-

LONIA.
TO THE EDITOR Or THE DAILY NEWS.
SM.—Tee extracts from the Greek paper, Athena,
published at Athens, which I subjoin below, on the
conduct of Sir H. Ward and those under his orders in
Cephalonia, will, I am sure, astonish the English
public and the English press no less than they have
me. Was I not well aware of the more than impar-
tial character of the Athena—indeed, of its thoroughly
British tendencies and connexions—l might be in•
:lined to doubt the authenticity of its reports; but I
have ream in to know the contrary, and must feel con-
vinced that the statement, if in any way coloured, has
been softened down in favour of the English and Sir
H. Ward, the Altana using, as is wen known, toe
official organ of the British embassy at Athens.
Can it be believed, however, that such outrages
have been committed under the British flag? Can it
be believed that after men were executed, the bar-
barity of brutal vengeance has been carried, under
British orders, to the extent of pulling down their
houses above their families, and carrying away. even
the stones, pouring wine and oil to waste in the
street, uprooting and chopping down vineyards, &o. ?
Is this blind and brutal vengeance the act of English-
men? under the order of an English gen-
tleman and statesman? No! even now I cannot
believe it, despite the leading article of the Athena,
the indignant letter of its correepor.dent, and the
mournful corroboration of these painful incidents by
unmistakeable allusions in the lonian newspapers,
who as yet are muzzled on the subject.
For the honour of England ai.el those who respect
the English name I hope that, on the meeting of the
British legislature, an investigation into this horrible
and painful subject will take place without delay by
a commission of inquiry ; and, should the facts of the
case be as they are here alleged by the leading Greek
journal, I trust no time will be lost in the recal of
Sir H. Ward by the amiable sovereign whose power
he has so ferociously &Aped, and that her Majesty
will deprive him of the Lew honotus which have re-
cently been so unworthily bestowed upon him.
I am, &c., AN lONIAN.
Erictheum Club, Dec. 13, 1840.
LEADING ARTICLE FROM THE ATHENA.
ATHENS, Ocr. 8, 1849.—0ur readers will see by the fol-
lowing letter from Patru the inhuman form-rat which the
lonian government has inflicted upon our brethren in
Cephalonia. And why ? Because the inhabitants could not
capture and deliver to the authorities the two chiefs of the
disorders, viz., the Priest Lawyer and Vlacco !
It is impossible to believe the barbarous and inhuman
mein, which the protectors of the Septinsulars have adopted
on this occasion, not only towards the Cephalonia's., but
against all the other islanders.
Although we have received numerous communications
lately from the spot as to the atrocious and unhear.i-of con-
duct of the commiseioner, still we cannot persuade ourselves
that it can be possible that men who bout of being in the high-
est degree civilised could be guilty of such atrocities unless it
is their policy to convert the liberty they themselves enjoy in
their own country into inhuman and cruel tyranny in
others under their dominion. We refrain, therefore, from
publishing other terrible deeds which are detailed to us by
several correspondents, until we are perfectly satisfied of
their truth.
PATKAS, OCT. 6 (0. 8 ).—The doings in unfortunate I
Cephalonia are horrible beyond all precedent. It is hardly
possible to believe that an Englishman can be the actor of
such deeds of horror; nevertheless, the High Commissioner
of the lonian Islands, Mr. Ward, has surpassed in atrocities
even the barbarians of Persia.
The lonian Press, and especially that of Cephalonia, dare
sot to expose the deep misfortunes of the land ; let, there-
fore, the Greek press raise its vo:ce, and let that voice be a
voice of thunder. For the sufferings of humanity, as well
as that the sufferers are cur brethren, let our press make
known to the world the ferocious doings of this Commis-
sioner and of his court-martial.
For the crimes of individuals they have proclaimed mar-
tial law over the whole island and placed it under siege or
blockade! And why is all this ? In order to capture two
malefactors, who probably are concealed in the caverns or
rocks of the Wand.
The punishments which the court martial, award are
two—death and flogging. Death is Mil:cud in some cases
by hanging, in others by shooting or beheading, according
to the taste of these judges; so that these judges have per.
fected themselves in a knowledge of the agonies of each of
these kinds of death, that they may know the difference
between the one and the ether method of infliction.
The flogging is performed as follows : The victim is
brought out naked in the public place ; the disgusting ex-
hibition is announced by the ringing of a bell; and imme-
diately an inetrumenr, composed ut seven straps of leather,
with pieces of lead fitted on them at certain intervals, tears
and lacerates both the skin and flesh from the back of the
sufferer. From tole horrible punishment the greatest tart
of the victims have up to the present moment died, and those
who survive can scarcely be recognised by their friends.
Up to the present time (October 17), about twelve
hmen have been either abet, hanged, or beheaded, and
1 more than thirty have been flogged !• In addition to these
horrible ieftetions, hear others that follow : the houses of
all suspect,tel persons, or rather of whoever may he dissatis-
fied with the government, are pulled down, and the very
stones are removed to six or eight hours' distance, at the ex-
, pause of the proprietor ; the casks of wine and oil are set
running in the streets of the villages, they destroy and dig
up the gardens and the currant plantations, and sink the
boats and vessel's without any examination or formality.
But, good God ! why is this ? Because the government
cannot capture two brigands ! The commissioner Ward says
in his proclamation, that he has sufficient force, and therefore
demands from the Cephalonisas the der of the two
assassins or he will continue the same murderous measures.
Such atrocious acts were never before perpetrated in the
lonian Islands, and we feel aexious to see what the Brit'sh
parliament will say when the deeds of horror practised by
their worthy commissioner shall come to its knowledge.

• Sir 11. Ward, in his speech to the atoembly, declares that twenty-
one persons have been put to death, but does not mention the number
who have been dogged

FREEHOLD LAND SOCIETY IN LINCOLN.—The
Lincoln and Lincolnshire Freehold Land Society hove issued
an address, to push on the movement for the moral and poli-
tical regeneration of the dependant claws. The working
me n are enjoined by diligence, prudence, and forethought,
to obtain a voice in the making of the laws they are coin-
polled to obey, and a voice in the checking of the undue im-
position of taxes. The following is called from the address :
—" Remember also, working men, that old age is fast 'p-
i proubing ; prepare for its many infirmities and pressing
neceesitiee, that your last days may not be embittered by
poverty, resulting from inactivity, intemperance, or improvi-
dence. Resolve, if possible, to kelp yourselves in-
dependent of the perish, by laying up something
in store before the evil days come. Inspire
your families with the same honourable resolve :
show to them, by your own example, how invaluable
are the fruits of industry, economy, and forethought. Live
yourselves, and train up yourchildren, in the practice of strict
morality ; for, as honeety is the best policy, so morality is
the beat economy. Vice is expensive, frequently the parent
of poverty—always of misery. But sobriety, righteousness and
godliness, are great temporal as well as religious gain. Be
sober and moral, be diligent in your business and frugal in
your expenditure, and be members of a Freehold Land Society,
that you may enfranchise yourselves from your political
thraldom, and secure the civil immunities of your nation.
Many sable slaves have by industry and economy accumulated
money sufficient to purchase their personal freedom; by the
same means you may achieve
fur
political emancipation.
They parted with their money their liberty; you may se-
cure your freedom and retain your money with accumulation.
Will you not at once determine to make an effort ? Resolve,
c:mmenee, persevere, and in a short time your exertions
will be crowned with success. You will soon acquire ' a
stake in the hedge,' a voice in the imperial parliament,
and the dignity of citizens. You will show respect for
yourselves, and claim respect from other,. You will ele-
vate your position in society, and increase your moral
power for the good of your families and the welfare of
your country. How many and important would be the
moral and social advantages resulting from vigorous and
well-directed efforts on the part of the working claws
generally to better their condition in society ? To them-
selves, to their families, and to the community at large, the
benefit would be incalculable. In that case, would there not he
fewer criminals and less need for prisons; fewer paupers,
and less need for union-houses ? And, as a consequence,
would not local rates and imperial taxes, which are now
repressing the energies of trade and drying up the springs
of national prosperity, be far less oppressive ? The physical
condition of the labourers, the pecuniary re,ourcee of the
country, and the moral power of the nation, would be in
no small degree improved and augmented, whilst the whole
social system would be renovated. It is not by convulsive
shocks, or ploysicil tonne, or acts of parliament, that a na-
tion can be socially regenerated; this can be effected by
moral means only. Intelligence must be increased, right
principles disseminated, moral character Improved, and every
man taught to be his own relieving-cif cer."— Lincoln
Mercury.
FALL FROM A SCAFFOLD.—An accident of a fright-
ful character occurred on Wednesday, to three men, named
John Ready, aged 26, Abraham Scholes, aged 34. and
James Norris, aged 29, labourers in the service of Mr. Myers,
the extensive builder, who had get the contract to erect a
new church in Laritball-lane, Clapham. Fhe three men
were engaged on a scaffold nearly 50 feet high, when some
portion of the wood work gave way, and they were precis 1-
tated to the ground with tearful violence. Assistance was
speedily rendered, and two were found to be most shock-
ingly injured, their bodies being much lacerated; they hod
also fractured ribs, and other external wounds. A cab was
procured and they were conveyed to Guy's Hospital, where
I they are going on as favourably as can be expected-
I LORDLY LANDS YOU SALE.—SOMO Of the most
irretrievably encumbered estates, and, at the same tune, most
, extensive in the south of Ireland, already brought tinder the
control of the Court of Chancery, or the Encumbered Estates
Bill, are those of the Earls of (Bengali. Mountcuhel, King-
I ston, Portarliugten, Limerick, and Viscount free-
man's Journal.