The Express.
London, England, 1851-10-23 00:00:00

MEXICO.

The following is the pronunciamento of Colonel
Carvajal, issued from his camp, near Camargo, on
the 16th Sept.:

OINERAL ORDEJJI,
To be read to the Defenders of Modern Litany, who,
under my orders, swear to combat against Tyrants.
A.l people on earth, both ancient and modern, have seen
themselves compelled, by the emamous weight of the op-
pressions of unjust and cruel tyrants, to take up arms and
reconquer, with fire and bluest, their valued sacred rights,
reassuming that sovereignty which, as a gift of the God of
the Universe, belongs to them. The people are sove-
reign—government was only instituted to make them
happy, and carry out their will. The people, then,
are the grantor, lead government a mero agent, and
the whole world knows that when an agent, far
from carrying n'at the will of the grantor, or pro-
curing the wellbeing of his interest, usurps powers not
granted to him, and takes unto himself his master's pro-
perty and rigt.ts, thereby causing his ruin, no other resource
is left but to remove that bad servant, and in his place put
• more faiftsful one. In this case the republic of Mexico
finds itself, and more particularly the north and north-west
Tortsenn 'of said republic. The unfortunate end of the last
war left them in misery, and without its richest territories
and iv sources. Their property was nearly all lost, without
remuneration ; 40 millions of dollars would not pay our
! lose without counting our lands, the rights to and the
P° ssessiou of which are now doubtful, and we shall have to
,rend thousands of dollars to learn if our rights arc recog-
nised. The savage murders our parents and brothers, vio-
lates our wives, and carries off our children captives; be
desolates our fields, and robs us of our property, and the
government remains deaf to our lamentations and com-
p:Meas. Its troops, fax from occupying themselves in de-
fending or consoling us, rob and murder our countrymen,
under the frivolous pretext that they are sinugelinr. ;
although these troops, when before the enemy, fly coward-
like. Repeated complaints, reprementations, and protests
have been addressed to the government of General trista,
and, far from hearing us, he has attempted to humble and I
intimidate us, as if we were vile slams. On the other hand, '
the nation is on the verge of a precipice, owing to its bad
governors, who only look out fur themselves. The public
funds are not administered with honesty, and the bastard
influence of monopolists is more powerful than the univer-
sal clamour of all the Mexicans. It is on this ascount that
the atrocious and anti-repuldican system estaolished by the
ancient Spanish monarchy is sustained, and why the exist-
ence of the Dation itself is exposed, squandering its immense
resources and insulting the sovereign people. Our children
are not educated, and they want to discipline us in tho
school of military despotism, as if our fathers had not con-
quered our independence and domestic liberty. And, what
is still more aggravating to-day is that the people of the
town are dying of hunger ; the necessaries of life are pro-
hibited. lu short, the children of the northern towns,
being tired of this oppression, resolve to swear, and do
swear, to sustain the twelve following articles, mid such
others in accordance w ith these as may be adopted by a
majority of the towns seconding this plan.
[llere follow, substantially, the twelve articles published
above in the Guerrero platform.]
These twelve articles my subordinates swear to sustain,
generally, with all their might and boldness, fighting gal-
lantly and with fidelity, in accordance with the platform to-
day proclaimed, and until we expel the enemy from our
territory, in order that the frontier states may secure their
future felicity, and make the despots who inhabit the palace
of the Montezuma understand that the claims and rights of
freemen shall be respected.
Viva la Libertaell Death to tho tyrants!!
Jose MARIA J. CARVAJAL.
Camp mar the town of Carnage, Sept. 16 (Anni-
versary of Mexican Independence), 18.11.

The latest accounts of the Mexican revolution were
brought to New Orleans on the Gth October by the
Fanny steamer, which left Texas on the Ist Oct.
Ma. revolution on the Rio Grande was then at a
r•tind. Genentl Carvajal still rennined nt Camargo.
'the people of that place had held a meeting, and re-
.olvcd to sustain the revolutionary pronunciamento.
The Mexican tmops there were allowed to march
out with the honours of war. The revolutionists

were fletennined to defend the place. report
having reached Matamoros that the invaders were
pillaring to march on them, the inhabitants, includ-
ing all the women and children, had tied, leaving
only 240 men behind.
ft seems that the first revolutionary pronuncia-
men to lens made at Guerrero and Cainargo m 'fainau-
hpus; and the movement was. it is said, likely to
extend through the whole of the northern Mexican
provinces. The patriot furee, as they are called, were
commanded by Colonel iron Joie Minis J. Carvajal.
Ills plan and pronuneiamento were extensively cir-
culated throughout the republic adopting the twelve
artkko of the Guerrero Patriots, as follow :
l`raN.—The subscribers, all citizens of the city of Guer-
rero, iu the state of Tamaulipas, convinced that the national
representation has raid no attention to the repeated peti-
tion. which they have sent to that sovereignty, through the
cornwposslunt sources, for the abolishment of prohibitions
and the rs auction of the tariff ; the protection due to stop
the depredations of the Indiana, already insupportable, as
w. II as the flyre,4ni they suffer' owing to the restr;ction,
together with the hostility of theharbarians, are the com-
plete destruction ant oulv of those who speak, hut of the
whole (mistier, have decided and resulted to sustain with
their arms the coots Ms of the following articles :

ld. The permanent troops shall be expelled the territory
of he state, as being pernicious, oppressive, and useless.
"ode The citizen in inviolable in the enjoyment of his
richt, and property, and in the use of his opinions ; the
judicial power shall be sustained in the free exercise of its
functions' and nothing shall be taken by the liberating
fumy without payment fur the SJOIC.
dr,i. Au a guarantee of the ritthts and sovereignty of the
states, a reformation of the fedi cal constitution is required,
ns.cving to the states all the powers and enjoyments not
;mated to the general government.
1: *. The national representation, or at least in the
senate, shall be equal, or by states, and elected popularly,
abolishing the power of the cxecucive to appoint senators.
..1.11. The abolishment of prohibitions and the reduction
of impart duti.s on f went', merchandise is required, and
the duties imposed shall out be over forty per cent. ad
ra/or, us.

Ihedilities did not commence between the patriots
and the government forces till the 19th, on which
day Colonel Carvajal made his attack. A letter
dated Rio Grande city, Ott. 20, thus describes the
first brush :
The attack commenced yesterday, at two o'clock r.m.,
and the military were soon compelled to seek refuge in the
church and custom-house. The whole force under Cul.
Carvajal were three companies, amounting to three or four
hundred men, it I at.. rightly informed. One company
from I.:airier°, under command of Dun Jose Maria C.lllllles,
was placed in front; the second company, almost all Ame-
ricans was placed in the centre, under command of Captain
Tr, !dile ; and the third pony, from Camaro, under
command of Don Thomas (Meat's. These were hal to the
main plaza by Cul. Carvajal, in spite of the cannon and
every other mode of defence which the Mexican troops
could adopt. 'Site houses on toe plaza which could' laufd
them any protection were soon taken, and every Mexican
soldier who dared make his appearance above the house-tops
was immediately shut by the Texan rifles. The battle has
not yet closed, thou,:h I feel very confident that Cul. Car-
vajal and his party will take the place.
o'clock M.—A messenger has just arrived from
Cantargo, who informs us that the city has just been taken,
and everything surrendered to Colonel Carvajal. Tile
customhouse has been taken, and all the gond. which have
heretofore been wired, including a considerable lot of
mantas, imperials, &a:. Four officers were killed, among
whom was Morales. On Carvajal's side none killed, and
only seven wounded. The military surrendered at discre-
tion. Carvajal is now occupied in forming new laws :MI
regulations. There was no arta', ry with the insurgents,
while the government troops had one or more pieces. But
the caunoneers were picked off by the rifles.
A passenserott the vessel which brought the news
has furnished the rieamose with the following addi-
tional paragraph :
There was no excitement at Brownsville nor Matamoros

edl. The heavy penalties spplicil to smuggling, which
makes it a criminal offence, imposing ahsurd tines, shall be
abolished ; the lust of the goods, without further respon-
sibility, is enouzli, and from the product of this a fund
*hall be created fur the exclusive and sacred purpose of
making war on the savages.
7th. The intruductiuo of groceries shall be permitted on
the frontier of the ltio Bravo free of duty fur five years.
Stb. For the foreign commerce a frontier custum-house
shall be established at the town of Reynosa.
thh. The towns seconding this plan subject themselves
to Cie authu ' ' s of the respective states that may second
Ilk same. _ .

ibis movement is eminently national and liberal,
consequently the states and towns that may adopt the same
thall be sastiinisl by the liberating forms.
11th. A portion of said forces shall be permanently des-
tin to cony nn hostilities against the barbarians until the
e`mmPleW pacification of the frontier states.
I..tb. Thi se too iis will not lay down their arms until the
tort 'tits of the eleven preceding articles be grunted and re-
al lf the general government should be obstinate in
nto‘ing the armed potition of this frontier, containing all
wants of the *hole wition, the states adopting this plan
win organise a provi.ional government, laying aside all idea
of sLei *ion or annexation, and in order that this plan may
the neerasary publicity, this meeting has resolved to
11.1•1!'sss the same to the illustrious Ayuntamiento, being the
..I'y of this city, leaving to their consideration and deliles
rsta a the uniuutr in a hilt they will promulgee it.
J. M. Caxiiss,
J. M. Go:mains, &c. &c.
Camp at the Lobe, Sept. 3, 1861.

THE EXPRESS, THURSDAY EVENING, OCTOBER 23, 1851.

THE RAILWAY THROUGH EGYPT.

(from the Illy Nevi.)

WE never for a moment believed, what all our
contemporaries scent to have done, that the Porte
would offer any serious or persistent opposition to
the execution of a railway through Egypt, or that
there was the least necessity for niaking use of
bluster or menace at Constantinople. We tooled upon
the quarrel as one of etiquette in the Scurts's
mind, aggravated by intrigue on the part of minor
agents. The SULTAN was in the first instance
surprised that an enterprise of considerable import-
ance, affecting the empire, had been actually
I determined on, and contracted for, without any intima-
tion being given to him. And we have understood,
that when our ambassador at Constantinople sought
to remove objections and allay irritation, he was met
by the allegation of a purposed slight or offence on
the part of Egypt.
Rumour adds, that on perceiving this Sir STRAT-
FORD CANNING wrote to the British Consul-General
in Egypt, begging the signature of the contract or its
commencement to be delayed till the formality of
asking the Porte had been complied with. And ru-
mour moreover says that the Consul-General in
Egypt declined the authority and rejected the advice
of the ambassador at Constantinople. So that
it seems the question of the supremacy of
the Stxr.er, and the independence of the PACIIA,
affects not merely' the policy and administration of
the Turks, but also our own. If the P.tclis be
completely independent of the SULTAN, then is our
consul-general in Egypt an independent diplomatic
potentate also, subject only to orders from Downing-
street. Whereas, if Egypt be still considered
a province of the Porte, there is a con-
sular agent there bound to consider the
British minister at the capital as his superior.
Whether this weighty matter is to be settled by the
award of Downing-street, or by a profound inquiry
into the nature of the Tanzimnut, we are not fully
aware.

ARRIVAL OF KOSSUTH AT
SOUTHAMPTON.

The Madrid (Peninsular packet) was signalled at
Southampton before noon to-day, with Kossuth on
board.

The ex-Governor of Hungary would land at two
o'clock.

Lord Dudley Stuart received telegraphic intelli-
gence of hia arrival, and left London by the 1 p.m.
train to receive Konuth.

During his stay at Gibraltar Kossuth several times
landed to inspect the garrison, awl was entertained
by the Governor of Gibraltar, and he likes, ise dined
at mess with the officers of the different regiments.
The passengers by the Madrid include M. and
Madame Kossuth, and three children, Mr. Lemnie
and lady, Kossuth's secretary, with two ladies, Licw
tenant-Colonel Thatz, Captain Jerrok, Mr. Kamdi,
and four Polish officers.

The United States irigate Mississippi sailed from
Gibraltar with the remainder of the Hungarian
refugees for New York on the 15th inst.

That the affair of the railroad would be settled
and satisfactorily, without armies or war, or
even prolonged quarrel, we were well aware.
Resent') Paella is not a statesman who would
choose for his ground of quarrel with Egypt
a question in which British interests were so
deeply concerned. But the permission to execute the
railroad, and the setting aside all remonstrance or
diplomacy respecting it, by no means appeases the
rivalry or extinguishes the quarrel between the
SULTAN and the Nem. It will assume some other
form, put forward other causes or pretexts. And
the defeat of the l'orte, which its waiving its objec-
tion, is tantamount to, will but augment the in-
clination to quarrel.
We must confess to taking the same view of the
Tanzinmut quarrel as of the railroad business, which
is, that it is much better to make matters up, dis-
suade the SULTAN and ItEscnin I'.u•tta from fall.
ing into the old blunder of Man ssout), whose grand
policy it was to strengthen his empire by subdu-
ing Egypt; and to represent to Anna.; that his
true strength lies far more in a good under-
standing with Turkey, than even in complete inde-
pendence, however one or other great European
power might support him for the moment in such
pretensions.
There can be no doubt, however, that the opening
of the railroad, making Egypt the great Place of
transit between east and west, and especially between
Great Britain and her principal colonies, con-
siderably alters the old relations between
Turkey, Egypt, and England, and has a but
too natural tendency to place Egypt under
Eng:ish influence., and Constantinople under Russian
patronage. Do what we will for the Turks, they
will soon come to perceive that we are more iden-
tified with Egypt than with Constantinople, and
feel more interest in the Nile than the Bosphorus. A
retrograde party, hating England, would soon whisper
this to an undiseerning SULTAN or inexperienced
Vizier; and neither Resent') nor Annul. llescinn
are immortal. In that case we might have to
pay fur our supremacy in Egypt by a total sacrifice of
our political and connuereful consideration and justice
in Turkey.
This renders such diplomatic quarrels extremely
delicate, and requires at least a certain unity and
subordination amongst our own agents; for if they
disagree, how are Turk and Arab to be kept at pence?
Me have not yet been favoured with the Turkish
viow of the dispute between them and Egypt; whilst
from Egypt we have had some very just objections
to an introduction of the Tanzimaut. But it is
unfair to allege that the SULTAN has made no
progress in the reform of his administration, and in
the assimilation more and more of his proeince.3 to
the better sense and equity of Europe. We are well
aware, indeed, that Turkish reformers are timid, slow
in their advances, and as often deterred he obstacles
as bravely surmounting them. There is still lamentable
disorder in finance, peculation and corruption amidst
officials high and low. But on the whele Turkey is more
tranquil than ever it was under the most fierce and
cruel administration, and there is throughout the
empire that general decay of ferocity and fanaticism,
which gives hope of a Christian spirit growing over
the country, the best prelude to Turkey taking rank
amongst the civilised countries of the world, and
gradually sharing in the political, social and religions
eulightenuu•nt, which can, better than armies, secure
its independence.

MEETING AT DERnT.—On the evenin!T of Tuesday
last, in c nnpliance with a numerously and respectahly
signed requisition to the Mayor, n public meeting was held
in the Town-hall, Derby, for the purpose of adopting a
congratulntury address to Kossuth. In the unavoidable
absence of the Mayor, Mr. Alderman Moss took the chair.
The hall and corridors were densely crowded during the
mom:dings, many persons going away unable to gain ad-
inittnnee. The Iter. J. Corbin (independent) moved the
following resolution, which was seconded by Mr. Cooper,
and adopted :—"'That we, a Englishmen, would not sel-
fishly enjoy the liberties we possess unmindful of the
liberties of other nations ; and believing, as we do, that
the struggle in Hungary its defenee of constitutional go-
vernment and popular institutions was just snd pa-
triotic, we desire to embrace the opportunity of express-
ing our warmest sympathy for the great champion of
Hungarian freedom, the noble Kossuth, and of con-
gratulating bins on his safe arrival upon our shares."
An niliire,s to the illustrious exile, congratulating bins on
his escape from the dangers by which he was surrounded,
was unanimously agseed to, and signed by the chairman
on behalf the meeting. Mr. Councillor Etches suggested
that a subscription should be set on foot fur Kossuth.
Ile volunteered dl., and a friend had authorised him to
tender .51. also. (Loud cheers.) Mr. Jones said the work-
ing classes would form a committee, and have a penny sub-
scription. (Loud cheers.) It was agreed that committees
should be formed, and the meeting separated.

EXETEn, WEnXEsDAY.— Yetiterday evening a
meeting of sympathy with, and of welcome to Kossuth was
held in this city. The meeting was well attended, princi-
pally by working men, and the chair was taken by Mr. It.
Eaylor, a working mm. After the healths of her Majesty,
Prince Albert, and the mot of the Royal Family had been
enthusiastically drank, an address ware prop-coed by Mr.
G. A. Moore, seconded by the 11... v. Guodwyn Ilarmby, and
curried by acclamation.

Thu following address to Lord Palmerston was
voted by the corporation of Southampton on Tuesday last
"TO Till? 1(1 .111 IKON. THE LORD VISCOUNT rALMEIISTON,
utit Xa.II:NTY'S rUINCIPAL BaIa:TAUT OF STATE FOIL
VOIIEION ArtAllta.
May it plea... your Lordship, We, the Mayor, alder-
men, and burgesses of the borougk of Southampton, in
council assembled, beg leave to tender to your lordship our
sincere and heartfelt thanks for haring so perseveringly
used your powerful influence, as the representative of the
British empire in its foreign relations, hoards procuring
the release from captivity of Louis Kossuth, late
Governor of Hungary, and the other Hungarian re.
Nimes recently confined in the dominions of the Sultan
of Turkey. It may be in the recollection of your lord-
' ship that a few months shies: this council took the
liberty of addressing to you a memorial on the sub-
ject of the prolonged detention of Kossuth and his
companions iu Asia Minor, and from the reply with which
we were thou favourei by your lordship, as well as from
the patriotic and judicious manlier iu which you have ever
discharged the duties of your high and responsible office,
we felt well assured that the honour of the British nation,
not less the common interests of humanity, would find tin
honest and able representative in your lordship ; and we
now rejoice to know that through your lordship's powerful
mediation, the brave Hungarian patriots have ut length
been restored to liberty. in offering to your lordship oar'
warm expressions of gratitude for this triumph of justice
said mercy, we have no desire to deprive of its due share of
honour in the negotiations that led to the liberation of
Kossuth, the troventment of the United States of Ame•
licit, but we feel that it is to the decided and energetic mea-
sures of your lordship, iu supporting the Sultan of Turkey
in his humane Inteutions, that the friends of freedom
throughout Europe are mainly indebted fur the liberation
of those lirave and patrienie men. With these feelings
and convictions we beg your lordship to accept our cordial
acknowledgments, not only for the deep Interest you have
taken in tho question wish respect to which we now ed-
am's you, but for the great services you have rendered
to your country during a long and distinguished official
tamer. With the great questions of political, civil, and
cuuttuereial liberty, settled within the last thirty years,
your lordship's name will now be honourably and promi-
nently associated ; and as, in addition to your talents and
patriotism as an Euglisliman, we have also the honour to
claim you as a neighbour, we earnestly pray that your
lordship's valuable lite may lie long spared to be devoted
to the service of your sovereign, and the promotion of the
fro:dont; happiiii.,v, and prosperity of your countryinen,
and to contribute to the hest iutcresta of man in every part
of tho world."

THE EGYPTIAN RAILWAY AND
TANZ MAUT QUESTION.

We are furnished with, and requested to publish,
the following correspondence relative to this subject.
(Letter from the Secretary of the Peninsular and Oriental
Company to the Chairman of the recent public meeting.)
(Copy.)
Peninsular and Oriental Steam Navigation Company,
London, Oct. 2i, Mil.
Sir,—lly order of the directors of the Peninsular and
Oriental Steam Navigation Com: any I have the honour to
traleouit to you, as chairman of the public meeting held on
the lith inst. at the London Tavern, the copy of a letter from
Viseoant Pshnerston, which has been no:iced by them
subsequent to the holding of that meeting, and I am de-
sired also to state that the directors have no objection to
your making such public use of this communication as you
may deem expedient.
I on, sir, your most obedient servant,
(Signed) C. W. IiowELL, Secretary.
Samuel Gregvou, 1:;•q., Chairman,
East India and Chinn Association.

_ _
(Copy.)
Foreign-office, October 14, ISSI.
Sts,—l am directed by Viscount Palmerston to acknow-
ledge the receipt of your letter of the 10th ultimo, exprcs;-
ing on b half of the Peninsular and Oriental Steam Navi-
gation Company, the apprehensions entertained by that
aw.ociation that the issue of the discussions between the
Porte and the I'aeha of Egypt should have a prejudicial
effect upon the transit of passengers and goads through
Egypt. lam to state to you in reply, for the informationl
of the company, that whatever questions of etiquette and
form may have arisen between the Sultan and Abbas
Pa^ka in regard to the construction of a railroad between
Alexandria and Caim, or in regard to the introduction of
the T•anximaut into Egypt, Viscount Palmerston entertains
no apprehension that the construction of the railroad will
be stopped, or that the loe.sl government of Egypt will be
deprived of the means of maintaining order in that pro-
vince.—l am, Sir, your most obedient humble servant,
(Sigurd) 11. A. ADDINGTON.
C. W. Howell, Esq., Peninsular and Oriental Steam
Navigation Company.

DTs. orttors Fiste.—Shortly after 12 o'clock yes-
terday forenoon the brigade authorities in the City received
a telegraph message from Enfield announcing the outbreak
of an extensive fire in that district. An engine, with a
strong muster of firemen, was immediately despatched to
the peen, which unfortunately proved to be the capacious
homestead known as Plumbridge Farm, belonging to Mr.
Paris. On inquiry, it was ascertained to have originated
through the carelessness of one of the farm labourer., who,
neglecting a pot of tar that was heating over a temporary
fire, it boiled over, and the flames instantly extended to the
straw king about the yard, and thence to the farm build-
ings. 'These ignited with astonishing rapidity, and in less
than haltan-hour the fire swept over the entire property.
The scene was truly awful; with the exception of the farm-
house the whole homestead consisting of three large barns,
two granaries, cow-houses, stables, with eight stacks of corn
I and hay, presented one general blaze. Three engines
reached the spot prior to the arrival of the brijale engine
from London, bat nothing could be done to stay the wurkof
devastation, as no water sufficient to supply the engines
could be obtained in the neighbourhood. Up to 9 o'clock
last night the fire was nal raging fiercely. The whole of
the property was insured in the Sun Fire-office ; the loss is
calculated at nearly 3,OOO!.—TILIS DAT. —This forenoon,
as late as It o'clock, notwithstanding that the firemen and
hired auxiliaries hail been engaged all night, the flames
were far from being extinguished, and, as the wind blew,
they frequently' rose to a great altitude, and threatened to '
be attended with more serious consequences. From the ap•
pearance of the fire, there seems no chance of getting it I
entirely extinguisfA before midnight, and, in the event of
the wind changing, the general supitibition that the
flakes of fire will be drifted into those ricks that, op to the
present time, h eve escaped. Such a fearful tire has not
been witnessed in this part of the country for many years.