The Express.
London, England, 1848-11-15 00:00:00

THE EXPRESS, WEDNESDAY EVENING, NOVEMBER 15, 1848•

Wht was from 40a. 621. Barley, 72.. to 'du Beam.
we.ea ta 445. Oates, 224. toto 265. Peas, 35.. to 42„ 8,. 330.
to 36e. per qr. Malt, Os. to Be. 1341 POI oushel. Valhi.,
1011. tol2s.
Now Yogi, Oct. 31.—Ylour 0114 thb day, common and
81111114% lima' of Miata, 9hi'.. western New York,
Oswego, &e., at 6 dole. .. Iff'...n some lots at 6 doh. 3114.
to 6 dela. 300. ; surreso Vir.tern, 6 dots. Me. ; Bolfolon
Mills, 6 dab. 76e. • Ohio 'Akar: brands, 6 dole. 37c
6 doh. 621 e. ; poi Ohio , 6 dam. 371 e. ; straight Mio ,
6 doh. 26e. •• sitY. oolfv.non, 6 doh. 26e. Wheat sold : 0 10,
1100. • handiome .alte Oconee, was held at 128 c. Corn
sold : 'Mined, at 67. e., and mosidemble lota of round yellow,
asseeff which wme lots of Northern round, at 730. ; Jersey
round. 73e., Sod white round, 71e.; North Carolina sad
New (Mewa
m 'nixed, out of order 65e. Meal : sari of
200 to 300 'mas were made; New J amey, 3 doh. 3710.

------
Ne.:X)I..—HODDISItSVIIILD, Nov. 14.—This staple
trek in oar district is at a very low ebb, and warmly any
thium at all doing lis the business;
yet holders of German
i Wods remain firm as to prime. Colonial Wools are
abundant in the market, at eery low prier., and yet they
mom not.
-----

CATTLE, Stc.--CIIeLMSFORD FAIR, Noy. 12.-
This fair was well suppled with most descriptions of stoek.
The attendance was Lugs, and, though business was rather
slow in the early part, of the morning, eventonlly large num-
bers of both Beasts and Sheep sere disposed of, but at
prices rattan below those which hero pre railed at the
late fain in this part of the kingdom. Of Bmata. the
show was very large, Including some very good flert-
fords, which sold at 131. each; the greater portion of this
description of stock was dispond of. Of Sheep there
were about 8,000 penned, and there did not appear the
slightest trace of diocese. The trade was dull, that is, ba
be-
d-
ness could not be done without a reduction is price, but
tween 6,000 and 7,000 were disposed of, D ewe Ewes fetching
from 2Ge. to 345. ; sad Lambs, 18e. to 20e. Of Horses the
show was not so large, but there were a few good cart hones,
swedes wen much sought after, and cold at high prices. Of
nag horses there was but a middling display, and many of
these lett the field undigested of.
Denny, Nov. 14.- -There was but little variation in the
supply of to-clay's market, both es rcgards the quantity and
the price, yet we may my that the thons were earner cleared
off; the Sheep market was large, and were In strellent
ormditiow ; there was an abundant 'how of fat Pigs, hut the
red was list. Beef, sd. to GO. Mutton, 54d. to GI.
Loeb, 6d. Veal, fed. to 7d. per lb. Polk, fir. per score.
KINGSTON Pala (81COND DAY), Nov. 14.-The greater
proportion of the Devoe* offered yesterday not finding pun
chasers, they we re again on the ground. A eeduet ion of 12
per head for the large 3 to 4 years old, and from 10s. to 15s.
for the years old and smaller beads, induced some pur-
chases Herefords, short-horns, and north country cattle,
of large aloe, salt in good number, at a reduction of from 10s.
to 205. • had.
NILTICASTLIS, Nov. 14.-The supply wis inferior in gun.
thy. The cattle, generally, were in indifferent condition,
but the Sheep of lair quality. The market was for a time at
• stand-still, owing to the dealtra attempting to raise prices,
but as the morning advanced, they gave way, and business
was timed at last week's quo.atioam, Inferior Beata rolling at
Os. to fm. Gd ; while prime hromght 6s. 31. to Gs. GI per stone.
8 .eep, kens and %Vedder*, sold at prices varying from Sid.
to 841., which was the high, st price Ts ulised, although it was
ought • tear instance*. For Pigs the demand was good; prices
were high, some prime ceiling as high as 7.. 31. to 7s. Gil.
per stone. Store Pigs from 2U,. to 305., and even as high es i
504. each.
SALISBURY, Nov. 14.-The quantity of inferior Bern in 11
Our market was very considerable; but of the heat q
there were but few. Prices were on the decline
wilts
caused trade to rule dull; but, before the market elOssil, ell
were diapund of. The numbor of Sheep were not so great
as on tide day se•nnight, Prime Downs on offer commanded
attention, and sold at late quotations ; but the inlerior sold I
barely msentained to rmer prices. The trade was slow, hut
all were sold Oood Os beef fetched front 10s. is 10s. 61.
per 'core ; Coe. end Heifer, is. Gel. to 90. ill Mutton, Gd.
to Gld. ; best S Inds Downs, 7d. to 71d. per lb. Veal, GO.
to 7d. Lamb, rid to 84d. The Pig trade woe pretty good ;
and prices ranged as before quoted.
DCIILIN, Nov. 11.-We had a very dull, heavy sale a our
market to-oloy, and prices about la lower per lb. on Beef
than at any of the preceding markets, little anxiety being
shown to purchase except at very reduced rates. Beef, 34s
to 44s ; prime, 455. per cwt. Mutton, 31.1. to Old.; Veal.
gel. to 7d. per lb., sinking elI 1. Puck less inquired for,
at from 42a. to 435. nett. A good deal doing by Jobbers in
slaughtering Beef, at about 255. per cwt.
For yesterday's markets me fast page.

Lazne, Nov. 14.-Our snivels are moderate for thei diye-
m dear
's
merket. The demand to Wheat is gaits of • retail ch
rubs, and priers are fully Is. per qr. below the rates of
Friday. Barley also Is. per 9,:. lower. 0 te an i Shelling
steady. Beam as before. Arrivals this week : Wheat, 0,354 ;
Omni 45-5 ; Barley, 2,765; Beaus, 657; It tpeseed, 1,100.
LEIGHTON BUZZARD, Nov. 14.-The supply of Wheel
and Barley offering this day was but moderate • for the
former, a fair demand was experienced, at Is. per load und, r
last week's rates. Barley a dull sale, et 2e. per Sr. decline.
Beans and Peas about the same. Wheat, per bad of 5
bushels, old, 31s. to Us ; new, 275. to 31s. 641. Barley,
per qr. imperial. 30s. to 33e. Deans, old, 2Ge. to 29e.; new,
225. to 2,55. per 5 bushels.
LEM EA , Nov. 14.-A middling supply of Wheat at market
to day, which sold steadily at last we,k's rico for old, but
new gave way Is. to 2s. per qr., as did also Barley, for which
thin was but a limit et demand. Oats, Beans, and Peasl.
unaltered. Wheat, rld, white, 151. to 151. 15a. ; red, 14
to 141. 10e. ; new, white, 111. to 141.; red, 101. to
224.
W.
Barley, 325. to 36e. ; grinding, 235. to Ills. Oats,to
Peas, 365. to 31s. Ream, 31s. to ale.
LIT EUVUOL, Nov. 14.-Th2 two last American mails have
arrived nearly together, that in the lien ult. on Saturday
night, that of the let inst. last night. Su:mlies of Flour to
New York in the fortnight were lar.e, of Wheat modem
and with a subsididing demand for escort, prises
former had gradually deemed to 235. per barrel ; foe lama
qualities of liennessee Wheat, which remained very ammo%
to 43a. 63. to 41s. ; and prime reu Ohiu to 40a. 61. per MIMb.
tree on board. Indian Corn continued in good request, chiefly
for Ireland, prices only a 'bade lower, soy round yellow,
275. Gd. ; mixed and white Western, 25e. bd. t
ot 2Gs. ; pod
Southern, 24e. W. per 4501 b., f.o.b. Freigs : Flour,
2s. 34. per barrel; grans, itch per bushel. Exchange, St
bank lills. After • long and tedious interruption to autumn
culture, we have had fine dry weather here since Friday last,'
and the land new becoming favourable for sowing, the
farmers have resumed that important operation. which is
gaud to be um also in Ireland. Except a fair quti of
Oats and Oatmeal, rce,eived partly be steamers, we have ty
very
scanty arrivals to report from Ireland, and nothing worth
teaming coesterise, since this day weekowing to Mune
winds, and Irma the same cause we have no grain freshow-
h in
from continental Europe; from the Aeolian States,
ever, several vessels have worked inwards with Wheat
ludian Corn, end Flour, as specified beneath. A reaction in
many of the English markets at the elms of hot week, sad a
further drpre-sion in Mark.lane yesterday, praluced a cor-
responding effect upon the Wheat trade at our Corn Re-
deems this morning, and the demand being only moderate
'TM description of English, Irith, and fortign declined 24:
to 3d. per 701 b. from the currency of this day ae'nnight.
Flour of all denominations continuing to emit a limited sale,
home-made and Irish receded Is. per sack, and states as well
m Canadian 6d. 0 le. per barrel. Barley thrensaneing
little cbistion, both malting and grinding qualities were Is.
per quarter cheaper. la Malt no change was sp.
went. British, and the general runs of firings
Beane, attracting leas notice, were IN. per qr. lowa,
Egyptians at the same time, remaining steady in value.
Pease dull, and prices easier. Oats having bran token more
freely by consumers, maintaint 1 the rats of Tuesday lest ;
Oatmeal remaining in &ow tequila at the foregoing ahlle-
ment. India* Corn continuing in good demand, on high
as well English account, readily maintained our last quota-
tions. Pricas:-British: Wheat, per 701 b., English, red, new,
7s. 24. to 7e. 64L ; old, 7c 91. to Se. ; white, new,
7.• 64.• to Is• 105.; 016, 7a. 10d. to Bs. 3d. ; Irish, red, new,
6s. to 7s. la. • old, 7s. 3d. to 75. 6d. • white, new, 6e. 7d.
to 7n• 2d. ; ad, 7e. 64. to 7.. 54. Ba;ley, per qr., English,
34e. to 365.; Chevalier, 375. to 395.; Scotch and Irish, per
60111., 4s. to 41.24. Malt, English, per qr., pale, 60.. to 645.
Oat+ English and Scotch, per 451 b., old, 3s. 31. to 3s. 45d.;
Welsh,' old, 3s. W. to 3.. 341. ; Irish, line sorts, new,
24. Sid. to 2s. lltd. • old, 31. 2d. to 34. 4d. • general, new,
2s. 74. to 2s. ioa.; cda, u. la. to ls. W. Beans. Per (IT, Ell.,
new, 40s. to 42e.64.; old, 42e. to 44e.; Scotch and Irish, per
48011c,new,334.641.t0 355. 63.; old, 37x. to 391. Peas, English,
II rsscrerilwourhitei.nrew,
English:lls.to43
and IrTati,irlithe. 40Zio 41. e".• '1
superfine, 41s. to 425.; extra. 435. to 441. Oatmeal, per
load of 2401 b., Irish, new, 2.51. to 26e. 6d. ; old, 235. to
255. ; Canadian, old, 24e. to 255. Bran, per 241 b., 10d. he ,
Is. Foreign: Wheat, per 701 b., Canadian, red, 7s. 44. te 1
7s. 64 ; white, is. flit. to lis 01. • United States, red,
7e. Pd. to le. 114. ; white, Ss. Od. t0.13a. 6d. ; Dantsie, mixed
and rod, 7s. 74. to 7s. 9d.; high mixed, 04.24, to Be. 10d.
Lower Baltic and Hamburg, red, 7s. 10.1. to Se. ; white,
Petersburg,
Se. Id. to fle. 4d.; Rig Petersburg, red, 7s. 24. to
70. 31. ; Archangel, 74. 11. to is. 3.1. ; Odessa common,
red, 7s. 01. to 7s. 3d. • Polish, 7s. 6,1. to 7.4. iki. ; French, I
Spanish, and Italian. 441. 7s. 4d. to 7s. 74.; white, To. 74. 1
to 72. 104. ; Bennet and Mariatopoli, red, 7s. ed. to 7*. 64. ; I
Egyptian, frs. 9d. to 6s. ; Mediterranean, etc., hard, red,
6s, 44. to 6e. 73. General qualitive, in bond, red, 6c to
7,1 4.1 ; tfbitc,7c 441. tot'. Rye, per qr., Baltic, dtt.,2Be.
to 30a. Barley, per 601 h., 4s. 241. to 4s. 41. Oats, per 451 b.,
85.31. to 3e. 64. ; Ruvaian, 2.. 10.1. to 3s. Beans, per qr.,
European, 381.01. to 38e.01.; Egyptian, per 41101 b., 290. I
'to 30.. Pow, per qr., Baltic, fie. white, Ses. to 41" • Ca. I
maim, 33e. to Ids. Flour. per biennia 190 lb. Can.a'ilian, I
sweet, 29% Od. to Ms. ; United States, sweet. 26a. to 30a, ;
United States and Canadian. sour, 275. to 2lts. Indian
Corn. per 41t01b., American, white, 33a. to 341. ; yellow,
See. to Me.; European vl iw, 35e. to 365. Id. Indian Meal,
per 1961 b., 17s. 34. to lie. 641. Arrivals fame the 7th Nov re
th 13th Nov. inclusive, into Liverpool and Beeson: Wheat,
4,t13
etas Raley. 254; Melt, 245; Oes. 9.567; Rye.
SS ; Betas, 436 ; Pia., 31 ; !alien Cern, 6 ti 26 lndien
Corn Mee., 1,460 barr.le ; Oatmeal, 8,531 sacks; Flour,
3,311 make and 29,781 bends.
LYNN, Nev. 14.-Nat much Wisest, bat a anal show of
Earley : the former, Is to 2+, Barley: 2e. to 3. per quarter
lower. Wheat, 01d,644. white. 56.. ; new, wed,
44.. to 61.. ; white, 54,. Barley, best ruse, 31a. to 32,.. ; ee-
-1 lec.ed, tine, 33e. Beans, hue, old, 424. per qr. to the growers
PLYMOUTH. Nov 14 -There was a fund demand for
Wheat at re rli, t this mothieg, end last Me+ lie prices were
made. Af.cr alieu. two wt eke dry mid favourable weather
for eecd time, Rhea became te,t and damp,
B•Ll•lttat, Nov. 14.- roZ! f a;Ay of grain is OW market
*is moroin• was vs ra red, hut the attece:anee of farmer',
410., rather this. Fur is he t les, money was i.ffer, el, and
the fainters no' evincing much maisty to sell, emoted trade,
to rule very call, notwitlierm.ing the SSW J. cud wore
there
at
a reduction of from Is. Ga. to •2.. per qr. For Barley
were ant very many I,,yers, cao•qoeLtly trade WWI languid,
uid er,e.4 were quouiblz from le, to 216 ',glow t..ro.ar rates
0; .. r ura.. vs: awe sltsr...l in pile*, aid et ryllt.le leuioese
traisacted. Melt ix good 41,atat.d. The geuel.ll range fur

Site erpregif;

YAMS.
The Wert brills MA* excluding Bermuda, Names, Havanna,
Ifeedursa, New Orleans, and Meakm, and including those for
Medan, at. Juan-cle.lamarsana, New (imam* Chili, and Pony will
be made ay on
Vi
o, of the 17th Nov.
The mails for Vigo, Oporto, LiAn, Madeira, CardAs, awl Gibraltar
ellll be made up on the morning of the 17th Nov.
es malls for BAUM North America, and the United Matas,
be sumo up oaths evening of the 17th Nov.
Thll e
everlaud mails for Otbraltar, Malta, Greece, the lonian Islands,
eel twwth+mp-
Trai.Al,l:::". "c'el-rniWt ..;u:t 2'l
The o•crlasd elnmudamall., 'a Manwinea, to. tn. Me iltermama,
Egypt, Aden, Ceylon, ladle. ircem-liong, will be made up en
evening of the 21th Nov.
The mob, fur New South Welds, Tan Dieman's Una, end New
Zeeland will be made up ou the ermine el the hOth Nov.
ymade for the Mat Comm of Ahem and Illaddrit Will be male
thesaurus; of tie 10th Nov.
The mails for Madeira, the Brasile, mad Buena Ayres, will be
made up as the mentos of the 4th Dee.

PION wlTaa ai lA/1110% bUIDUS
.-MMllbla 41 it to. paAt AltrMarns. 6 ale. pod 6.
10,331.333.-Nonns, 31 els. Mil •14.11.30.5; MA, I.

LONDON, WEDNESDAY, NO V. 15.
Tnea• is a shrewd lateen fur the people of Eng-
land to learn in the recent events which have taken
place on the Continent—a Leeson which indeed all
history teaches, but nowhere so prominently and re-
markably as in this present year. The great truth to
be learned, or rather seen, is, that where middle and
lower classes at parate or quarrel, the upper classes
are sure to crush and victimise both, robbiug the
lower class of every freedom and every right by means
of the fear which they excite iu the middle close ; and
at the same time cheating the middle-class of all pre-
vious hopes of economy or reform, or influence on
the march of affairs, under the pretext that the spit it of
revolution is abroad, IA that it is unsafe for power
to be in other than aristocratic keeping.
The folly of the lower classes in Berlin, Vienna, and
Paris, in separating their cause, ideas, and efforts,
from those of the middle-class, has laid the people
in all those collieries at the mercy of the military
and the courtiers. In England, where there is
no need, and not the remotest possibility of any
appeal to arms, the governing class pursues just
the same tactic. Whigs and tories, squires and
courtiers, unite in creating alarm, in making the shop-
keeper afraid of the artisan, and the merchant afraid
of the shopkeeper ; and in seizing every bubble of
partial agitation, blowing and exaggerating it into a
portentous balloon, inflated with all the evils of
Pandora.
First we had chartist gatherings; then we had Irish
rebellion. The puerile emptiness of both was made
manifest before the courts of justice. Yet now, as
then, no opportunity is lost to aggravate their
importance and to persuade honest people that the
" country has been saved " twenty times over since
January last by whig staunchness and tory vigilence
united. The emptiness of the conspiracy hatched at
the Orange Tree, and fostered by Me. Poet ELL, le,
however, pretty well exposed. 'the invasion of red
republicanism, denounced by Loris PIIILIPPEN
agent, M. DELVSSERT, which so affrighted the polices of
London, and called for the renewal of the Alien Act,
is now admitted to have bee n a hoax. And so
was the attempt to affright Lancashire by the
discovery of a repeal conspiracy within the walls of
its great towns. It was the government stipendiary at
Liverpool who adroitly set the Irish panic ag,oing
there, and made the moat of it for the time. But the
Liverpool people have long since found out the hum-
bug, and know, to their cost, that the only invasioa to
be feared is that of Wish pauperism despatched by
Irish landlorde—not Irish sympathisers sent by any
rebellious league.
The home panic has indeed died away. The great
bellows of exaggeration, instead of keeping in
th fire, has in truth blown it out by over-
vie
olence, and so extinguished the last spark
in the smithy. Nevertheless, as • °ten as the
least opportunity offers, or the smallest spark is fur-
taitouey kindled, the Tunes again sets to work its
forge bellows, and whig and tory vie be mincing
fears of pain and diequiet. Tee Lord Mayor's d.nner
cannot pass without a leading whig's avowing
sympathies for the sword. Nor can young 31 .ester
FITZV. ILLIANI address the West Rifling without
adroitly expressing his horror of " organic change."
What the young gentleman mess a by "organic"
might puzzle himself to explain. But he martial,
" rings the changes" on the old anti-Jacobin
"organ " with as much alacrity as any tory of 095.
The great politica stock-in-trade of the ye
mongers for the present is, ho we re r, "the condition of
continental capitals," with which th i candidate fur
the West Riding seeks to alarm its cianufactu:ers and
farmers. Now we should strong y recommend while
and tories, young and old, no to enter on the subject
of these revolutions to the farmers. For, had as they
revolutions have been, they have wo, lit d the most un-
alloyed good to the agrieul'ural casses generally,
Boa enriched and euemn.c pateei Aram: is and labourers,

Mothis mow ,
10pent5..,... .... ,_.. . — _ _
ie —. .131,,,pmel 33 tft 33
Rat.•••• 0 CAN•41346.44—&07.
tamer., Cams. pat 1.4 'lemma- . .. .... 3. Z a . te g to
WWI Plerludividera., ..... .. L II lowa 4J,45.

11 merely cutting down the pride and monopoly of
tts landed proprietors.
We admit,however,the immense damage that these
involutions have worked to trade and industry.
iut whose is the fault ? What did these revolutions,
inmediately 'swell as remotely, spring from ? They
orung chiefly from the prodigality of the respective
rollmop% and especially from their prodtgahty in
*Hilary expenditure. It was the prodigality of Loma
Inturera's government, which expended as much
b 1848, as NAPOLEON spent for his gigantic efforts
Od armies in any year of the warl—it was this
whieb made the middle clue murmur, and the lower
ibis watbroak. In Austria the government was bank-
opt. In Prussia the calling of then States was first
breed on the King by the fiancial necessity
d a new loan. The armies ot Europe have
teen in fact " eating up their own heads"
et the heads of the countries they consume. It is
ewe which make revolutions. It is the galling
weight and the unequal pressers of taxation which
starves the people, and which creates revolutions.
Extension of the suffrage, the rescuing of the people
from too great a dependence upon the upper classes in
the mutter of the election of their representativee--
these are the steps to the prevention of revolution,
land of its causes. But this dna not suit the whig and
tory monopolists of power. Disturbance of order is, se-
loording to them, never the fault of their government,
bat of the people's want of patience. To preserve
order and tranquillity they require, that night should
Istozread over the land, that political discassion
be stopped, agitation quenched, popular rights
and questions slurred over, and the helm exclusively
sberdoned to them. For defence against chartism,
for example, they rely solely upon the guns in the
Tower, and the military dispositions of the Duke of
WELLINGTON. And their exultation at seeing that a
people can be put down, as was done in Paris and
Vienna, is as joyous as • court birthday. The
greatest rejoicing, the most cheerful festival of
this year with big Whigs and old 'Tories, I
has been the bombardment and massacre of
Vienna. They made a cannibal feast of it;
actually revelled in blood, the journals, one and all,
acting poet-laureates for the occasion. And nothing
can equal their savage diuppointment at not having
been equally glutted and gratified in Berlin.
And all this in the namo of conservatism—all this
to enhance and hallow the "right divine" of the aris-
tocracy—all this to keep the budget unreduced, the
army at its full complement, with its subalterns
swelling the tory majority in the !louse of Commons
—all this to keep the pocket boroughs in their own
hands, and the majority of the national representa-
tives in the came close aristocratic fists which held
it before 1832. If the people of England
are such idiots as to allow themselves to be frightened
by these selfish and interested panic mongers, we can
only say that they will be marching the direct road
to revolution,instead of seeking to discern, with calm-
ness and independence of judgment, their own paths
and interests—the true ones which lead away from
any such catastrophe.

THE "Orphan Asylums" tee "supported by
voluntary contributions." Much trouble do they take
to impress you with the fact. The words are deeply
cut into the stonework of their " front elevations."
They are worked into every blind, and blazoned on
every braes plate at the office of the secretaries. The
" announce bile" of the " annual sermons " display
the word " voluntary " in even a larger character than
the name of the most popular preacher. Your polling
paper exhibits it, both outside and inside, and it even
forms part of the legend engraven on the seal. In
every advertisement, and in almost every page of the
"Iteport" there is a slight reminder that the asylum
is dependent on " the voluntary but too-varying con-
tributions of the public ;" and at the annual dinner
this is the consideration principally dwelt upon by his
royal highness in the chair, when proposing, amid
the secretary's "hear, kear's," "Prosperity to this
noble and charitable institution."
There are, doubtless, many persons wko have given
sums of money to these asylums in 'he unaffected be-
lief that they were really assisting the destitute. There
are many who have been wholly uninfluenced by the
" sounding braes and tinkling cymbal" of puffery and
publication; many who Lave subscribed in the lull
`wallet that they were assisting "in tempering the wind
to the shorn lamb," that they were giving the means
of holding out to the widow and the fatherless the
hand of assistance in the hour of affliction. There
are others, and a numerous class too, who. influenced
by a principle cf universal philanthropy, have sub-
scribed in order to ateiat some specially deserving case,
the narrative of which may have touched their hearts.
There are numbers besides who pour their bounty into
church plates far the benefit of these institutions, or
who, upon their death-beds, bequeath to them " for
pious and charitable uses" very censiderable pecu-
niary legacies, which they of course intend to be ex-
WE gave a due rimed of credit to Cambridge for the pended on the fatherless. 'fig to these that the
improvements in its circle of education, some time since asylums appeal with their "supported by voluntary
proposed and lately voted. It is, however, the habit contributions." Let us see how charity, thus largely
of the champions of " things that be" to deal in anis contributed, is dispensed.
vcrsal exaggeration, and the ceanges effected in the These societies have a rule under which sty person
univ.-reity have been represented as some mighty and paying a stated sum—it is usually one hundred gui-
final reform, which left no room for either regret, near—ts entitled to place a child at once in their
wish, or effort. Against this we must protest; and asylum. Two hundred and fifty guineas entitle the
in order to do so with effect we are compelled, how- donor to a similar presentation during his life, and a
ever re:uctantly, to re-enter upon the consideration of still larger payment to the mime privilege in perpe-
the question. taity. the children admitted under this rule are
Before examining the stare of the " graces " in usually described as " bought in."
question, we beg our readers to peruse the following Now some of these societies—the London Orphan
extract from the Times, which contains a rimutto of Asylum, for example—do not distinguish in their
the fallacies employed in overbelauding the pre
accounts of the children those who are " bought in"
system of academic education. After asserting that from those who are elected. But other societies do.
the whole domestic legislation of the university of The St. Anne's, for inetance, puts a bold face upon the
Cambridge has been for years past a series of improve- matter, and tells you exactly who were bought in
merits, the writer continues: and who were not. The result is one of the most
If eludes and mathematics were nut only (as they on- astonishing that ever came under our notice.
questionably were) the beet elision, means of training, but On the Ist of January, 1848, there were on the
also the only valuable acquirements that could be gained
iTsdtitruttten nmuosivrittilmaXate‘hmaidty
ben were the duties of the books of the St. Anne's Society 227 children. If our
discharczen in a . niveriity meet cautious friend hod told us what we are now
where excellence in these pursuits was the single path to going to state we should have bet n incredulous. No-
honour and reward—where the ascertainment and compare- thing but having the fact in black and white in the
risen of this excellence was the one end of academical teals- pociety's own books could pessibly_have corvinced us.
latiou—where uo consideratiens of age, birth-place, parent-
ilyo connexion were permr.ted to intluence for a this ia the unquestionable
But there we have it, and ,
age,
the distribution of the endowments—A here not a the most astounding fact—out of 227 inmates of the
reliable was ever whispered even by of d candi- Brixton asylum on the day we have named, absolutely ii
ducts agai°" 'he i"it' xi
imP"' lit, of the judge-4nd no less than NINETY-TWO, or nearly one half of the
where the actual results of the system were visible in such entire number, were children " bought in "at the rate
an array of glassiest and mathematical scholars as no other
institution has produced.
• But if the premises are unsou,d, of one hundred guineas each, or upwards!, , „
and something more was required at the hands of the gni. NINETY-TWO out of 227 1-135 remain .. Wen.
Tashi by the nation and the age, then wog form called tary contributors," when you were irked to give a
for, and it is this presumption which Cambrid has volun- donation to this " asylum," was it aseed for the sake
wily met. of 227 or for the sake of 135 ? Were you asked to
If words are construed with their ordinary meanings, subscribe to a bearding school or toe charity? When
the writer of the above paragraph who says that
"classics and mathematics omptestiona'lly are the best you read the report, "January,lB4B,"—the earnest
app2al for " increased aid"—did you find anything
obvious means of training," must in his heart condemn in it from whence you gathered that any one of the
the changes which he has been advocating. This, "orphans" was "bought in ?" ;When you read in that
however, is not the point. The University has no report that "this peculiar charity gives home,
right to claim the credit due to making excellence in clothing, education, and entire maintenance to the
these persuits the single path to honour and reward, children of those once in prosperity, and is fait/ifel/ y
unless it can show that it established a proper fulfilling there its noble objects —did it, could it
standard of excellence, and put its students ia by any possibility have occurred to you, that one of
the right way of attaining such a standard.
Now the netversity hiss not done this. It its " noble objects," so faithfully fulfilled, was the care
of 92 children whose parents or friends were sulti-
ie a fact ace here better known and more severely ciently rich to pay a hundred guineas for mien ad-
commented , a than in Cambridge itself, that the mission? "Charity," forsooth! Well, indeed, may
University has always been below the highest level these people style their charity "peculiar."
of mathematical excellence on the continent. Long To give an account of the children who are thus
years after the differential and integral calculus had " bought in is scarcely within our present purpose.
been carried to the utmost verge of excellence by The particulars that are printed respecticg them arc
continental mathematicians, did Cambridge persist in very short and sweet : contrasting remarkably with
its adherence to NEveroses system of Fluxions, and
the long narratives with which we are sometimes
thus lingered at the very threshold of the sciences,
&vowel with refe:ence to children who have
while other universities were admitted to their most been " elected." The look of things very
secret recesses. Long years were the unfortunate FRANKFORT, Nov. Il
students at Cambridge doomed to pore over the strongly favours cur suspicion that the "con-
tribution of one hundred guineas, in one pay-
geometrical dynamics of Nese-roe, and to nag-The constituent assembly ie making tolerably rep
geometrical
went," as it is delicately described, obviates many a progress with its tack. Last week it completed des
lect the science of analytical dynamice, which
obtains the results of the antiquated system at the ex- trifling difficulty that might occur in other cases.
.In arts of the constitution which relate to maitre
the list of boys purchased into the asylum the descrip-
pense of one twentieth part of the labour. When at pares and maritime navigation. With Teepees :
tiona are generally such as these (we quote them
at length the University felt shame at being so far be-the former the principle of unity has been vitt
nearly as they occur): " father was a farmer. "highly ,
hind the rest of the learned world, there was no onelle whole German army will for the future be al
respectable," " father was an hotel-keeper," " father
funr,d to come forward with an original treatise on exclusively in the hands of the central power, we,:
in the employ of the Hon. Society of Lincoln's-inc," will regulate its movements with a view to the
any of the abstract branches of mathematical science. " father a retired officer in the army," " family of the ral interests of Germany, not as subservient to
Students who could not read French were obliged to
highest respectability," "father was sheriff of Ox-
resort to mathematical tutors who could ; for there
were no English books of which they might avail ford," mlec. &c. There are points about the addresses,
too, that are not a little striking. Those of the boys wishes of this or the other German covet. This at
great o g
int ained, and will be appreciated in fie
manyp as well as by the other European poles
themelves. There is scarcely en English treatise
on any of the higher branches of mathematical ,
elected by ballot are given with scrupulous fidelity. With respect to ocean navigation, the rodeo,
they are such as these : " Leather-lane," " Willow-
science that dates further back than the last ten yearr. party (to borrow a phrase from the Spanish repahe
walk, Bermondsey ;" " Farm-street, Goswell-street r
But even when the modern analyser was recognised, the o. f the new world) has been beaten by the Sep*
" Boziereecourt, Oxford-street ;" " Broad-lane,
fhe former would have placed it under the immel
method of study was not improved. The mass of ma- Horselydown," Sec. But when we come to the
i superintendence and control of the central peer i
thematical knowledge required from a high wrangler lists, " admitted by purchase,"
we aPPr''' volving upon that authority the charge of the sea-
contains an immense quantity of matter which is um-
they more nor less than a dead strain on the memory. infinitely Letter quarters of the town : " No. buoys, lights, pilotage &c.) ; the separatists, on
8, Clarges.street," " 15, Regent-street," " Itannds," other heed, maintained that these matters ought
The philosoplical history of the science of mathema-
tics .9 totally neglected. We have spoken to senior we dare say it should have been " The Rannds, North- be left to local administrations, and that the cestn
amptonshire," " Leicester-square," " Mount-street,
wranglers who never even heard of the Commercial» power should cnly exercise a general surveillarce
Epistolieunt !We could, it necessary, prove that the Grosvenor-square," and so forth. In quite one-half
these eases no address is given at all, and we observe
classical education is equally deficient. But adopted. At present it is not easy to decide whets
that in such instances scarcely any particulars ate their operations. This latter system he ha,
in doing so we sheted be playing into the hands of the two syetems would be meet advantageous e
vouchsafed. " Born on such a day : an orphar. "
the Times, end other advocates of the university, by Germany. for is it of much consequence, forest •
such is the rieseription a dozen times over. Had the
neglect;ng the true point at issue. This is not .hoc been " elected " in, we should doubtless have hie 1 ptoruise it will hereafter find means to enforce its '-
whether one or two branches of education are or are lan account of who his grandtath r was, and how his I
I central power attains the strength which apps
••
1 through' the imeramentality of the local board&
not well taught at Cambridge, but whether the sys-
tem is such that the majo.ity of the men derive belie- fattier died, and what doctor attended him in his ill- , It e, asserted here that the central power iresa
et from it. This cannot be satisfactorily aeswered in ness, end how many children his mother had had by 1 0,...,8 cordially
each of ter husbands, with a general assurance that 1 the court of Berlin to dissolve the Prussian Assemble
the affirmative. The high classics teed mathematics with the party which has instiete
they were of good family, " and reduced . from .
are nut initialed into the secrets either of royal( rm.,
to e for the select few who have the will to betak.-
, prosperity by the railways," or "by the •neo:- .
terial antechambers. But it seems noways matte
themselves to severe study,
and the et/Pau:ll vette), of the person in whose hands their fortune ' that the central power at Frankfort wit lend lee
necessary for great attainments. The large class was placed:, willingly to a,,siet the court at Berlin it a strafe
of students, the al notaal, have not until now But we do not dwell so much on these things as with the Prussian Assembly. In my opinion le
bees required to undergo a course of study sufficient grave error, somewhat of the stunt lisc
to enable theta to be placed in a midele class of • this is upon the celerity of the benevolent, to the tune
I which our radicals have committed in attackine le
eood school. The consequence is that men who have of 3,", a
upon the monstrous fact, that a society, trading as , wou4 be a
c. year from .' voluntary contributions," has i king of Prussia and the cemeral power at the /11
ever learned a:.ything at all at school find on tkietr absolutely received one hundred guineas or upwards, . time. The Berlin Assembly is in advance of the
arrival at the Ueiversity that they have comparatively from the (Tie ads or relatives of nearly one-hale the Frankfort ; the revolutionary sirit, which hes tee) I
nothing to do. There is • long ti.ree yenta befole entire number of children, "orphans or not, it is pro- : pat to silence in the latter. a it. carries on a rain,
ti:em, and the wok required from them need not oce fessing to suepert ! A more gross abuse of the word ' P
eupy six menthe of "lie .tine. tiules, then, they makewarfare in the former. A time must came for
" charity:* never perhaps was before exposed. It is
up their minds to go out "in hosmours," they are left reliantsuch settling of accounts between to
e two aasemblese It
I high IIIII!, indeed, to put a stop to a the Frankfort Assembly will commit a gross blat de-
to their own ersourcee. In a great number ce c yes sestres—s system whereby the really nnfertunate i
1 (vein g on I nee eettlement ata moment when the relst,
the resource is dissipation,
to date his ruin from the time of his undergraduate- ot the central legislature to a provincial legisl .
wealthy and the influential : a system under which (
arid many a min he° had ' and deserving are supplanted by the nominees of the
which has hitherto paid it a grudging obedieur: es
ship.
Now, how do the new "graces" meet this evil ? the "voluntary gifts" of the benevolent
Nee employed seems now disposed altogether to revolt, ellut Dr.°
to and in carrying on the education of lETY-TWO I
We wi.l go through them.eerily be arranged accordieg to the views and •-,
A requires that all student,: not caudidetes foe yowler butes and gentlemen, masquerading in the
rests of a military and arietocretic eamarilla. _
4' hotmoure," are to attend, in adattien to whit.: ia nom asylum unit:win, and pw sented to "the wealthy ens What lends probability to the allegation dut!
be crolent," in the report rat the committee, me" 7 v
d' ‘• 'le central power courts the alliance or there who .eri'.
required of them, the lectures delivered during one
term, by one or more of the protein ire of hew, poysic,
___„
interesting candid ch s for the blessings of the asylum '
the iielelm se and uneffending offspring of hum. - the fiends ot. oar Frankfort mieieters affect t .10,
moral philosophy, &c., atterdence on which has eons ieditedmiele who have b. en visited by adversity etieprese the Assembly .t B, rite is the tone im, c a
of titer Assembly. The Berlin egedature passed lee_
,ffiherto not been re quired. They are also ex acted and crushed hy poverty ! " :W.
a r sedation, which appeared to question the T _
to pass an examination by the professor who.) lec- --.---------- al an ant of the central parliament relative to f'd°'
tures they have attended. to a d kl
B sad C establish two new tai feats; the: ie they . TOE Glo/o, is iudi t because WO • have compared his colt iron gave rise, a few days ago, ,
"pen tco new roads to clistit.clion, ovailahle for L.:se il,. se at} of
tee G vereor
0 . of British °WWII with zion hi time latter beds, in the corers'. te
a lei do nut choose to present themselves far u.a::,e- .i.e eAilUltv! L. tee Governors of New York aud Penn- welch M. Laden (of lime, n) delivered aV. 1",

PRUSSIA.—The state of affairs in 1 din ills
coining more serious. The Communal C iced Tr!.
sented the following uddrcsa to his Mal ty oat.

105 h inet. :
kiire,—The conflict in which the Assembly, . tied bye,
confidence of the nation, is at this moment eng .rd • del
ministers of the crown, fills the representatives •• thee
with great disquietude. end cempels them to sir the tope
Majesty the humble prayer that you will deign. •mleesiiii
to constitutional usage, to dismiss a ministry whi.n is eyrie
to th. Assembly legally existing, and nominate . our ease
which, by its political views, may Fawn ti - ere den
of the majority of the National AssemMs TN pr,
'ilex. a of the residentiary city of your M. sty, Irks
hat already ri cently made so mane sacrifices, es =kg
by the removal of the National Assembly, le orpoudis
the Brandenburg minion, imposimr. upon ~, tin dill
of rddrmoing your Majesty as urgently as r. geethdly
be pleased to withdraw this meamre.-Bigned pow as
bees 01 the communal council.
The following proclamation was issued I hi. Ms
jest Oa the 11th:
The state of lawlessness which has fir a cons terabit tia
prevailed in my reiiidentiary and catiMl city o' Bei:ll4m
which threatens to plunpo the whole eoui.try .to tee in
depths of anuchy, hat compelled me, by the al. eiri:oi my is
sponeibletninistrv, to transfer the Assembly, • .4000ked's
the constituting of the administration to lirantivr erg, sad:
order to the carrying out of that memos? ukpron 4ui atoll
27th of this month. On the unto grounds I h ire consik
ably reii,forccd the armed pow, r, in this my residesur
city, and have also dissolved the Burgher maul, is ma
quence of their illegal comportment in referent- to wait:
of tho law for the establishment of the b•agliirist
I am p.rfthtly aware that those measures •re WM;
manifold misrepresentation, and will be abused to mold
by a revolutionary party, and may also excite ...Tr aria
in the minds of other aim well disposed bui.then ell
state respecting the positive assatances of toe libati ~
granted to my people. But 1 am equally and cl• •tidedly m .
ictous that the future well-being of Prussia a . i Germs
justifies them in demanding this depot me and. :my gem.
meat. I turn therefore in this decisive moment o the was
country, to allot you, my faith.ul Prussians, n th the m
fldence that the illegal resi‘tance offered by ape din ofyit
t-epresentatiees, unmindful of their true duty seawards 6
people and the crown, against the renn.val of VW Naas
A'eembly, will I.e earnestly and decidedly disproved of $.
you, Slid I exhort you not to give ear to those iasinunit
which would make you believe that I would a..rogate
the liberties promised in the slays of March—tt at 1
deviate from the constitutional read entered upon. P
dans ! 5e who stood firm in your good faith of • Ides dap
me, ye who yet bear in remembrance tho history
my royal house, and its posit on to the
1 couiure you to cleave firmly to it in days of pi..sterity a
days of adversity. But ye, too, arc beginning to is
I conjure you to halt on the road of that steep Ars, sal
1 await the result which will follow. To all et you I
give the inviolable assurance that nothing shall oe swops
from your constitutional liberties ; that it shall he Yukon
endeavour to be unto you, by the help of Ood, a geodes
atitutional King, so that we may mutually erect aOW
and terrible edifice, beneath whose roof, to th. weal of a
l' russian and our whole German Fatherland, our posarl
may quietly and ace rejoice in the blesidtuis of gee!,
and true liberty for generations to come. May the blame
of God rest upon our work. Given at Sans &mei, Nota
—(Signed) FREDERICK WILLIAM. (CJILMS1•4011141) Cm
VON BItANDINIIVILO. Vox LADEN: ItERG, VON EITIV"
VON )IVITIOMML.

tirade against the Prussian Assembly. Hia speech
was a regular bill of indictment, interspersed with
the most wanton and irritating insults, The whole
party of the right, with the ministers at their head,
applauded all the irritating sallies of the orator
against the majority in the Berlin Assembly. The
left several times insisted that M. Jordan shoulo_ be
willed to order, but M. von Gagern uniformly; refused
to do ea. All these indications tend to ..."now that our
statesmen of the Central government are disposed to
take part with the Sing of Prussia against his par-
liament.
I repeat that this will be a grave error on their
part. Bat there are positions in which people may
commit faults without incurring immediate punitia.
went. Such a position was that of Louis Philippe
after 1850—especially in 183t-'32. Louis Philippe
was teen all-powerful so lonb as he acted in the in-
terest of order. The central occupies at present a
similar position. It commits blunder upon blunder,
but even its follies tend to streugthen it. The central
power is invited to crush the Prussian Assembly for
the advantage of the court of Berlin ; it will crush it,
tut the advantage will redound to our young unity.
Another illustration of the opinion 1 have advanced
was afforded in thy course of yesterday's sitting.
Itioerto u,any of the Austrian deputies have kept
away from Frankfort. Since the Austrian court has
Itsd remain to believe that the central power 1+ suffi-
ciently illiberal to play its game, it has been stirring
heay.:n atd earth to make its deputies repsir to
Frankfort. In this way the whole of Ancria will,
ere long, he represented in the German parliamtnt.
Austria will thus become accustomed to see its lead-
ing men in the parliament—in a word, it wi.l become
familiar with the idea of German unity. The proof
that this unity has struck deep root is, that even the
blunders of its friends tend to strengthen it.

England
Truce ..
Belem

TURIN, Nov. 8.
The following are the words aped by the reporter of the
secret committer at 14 members, which me ow htmday
evening to hear the explanations of ministers an the ques-
tion of the resumption of hostilities and the state of the coon•
try, and which mu followed eye a seent sitting of
the whole home at the request ministers.
committee having heard the confidential commeeications
made by the mini:tees present, declares that it does not ap.
tithe conduct or policy pursued by them." Ministers,
pealleg to the whole chao.ber, have succeeded in being
exonerated horn the above vote of "want of contidente."
The were flitting was prolonged last night to a late hoar,
when min,stets, hewn* read to the chamber the diplomatic
coteeerwlente with France and England, and rati,hid the
ea-Monte of the chamber that the Aeglo•French me, tttion
still subsisted, and that they had hopes of a good result from
it, and, consequently that they had dons right in d. tetting
to declare war, the eliolostures macerates the artily being also
emmidered, obtained a voter of 00cti..0110r, the exact figure al
which is variously stated. Things will therefore go on as
bders.

with Asterism rodeos. No freight. to be had. Coffee
some osil woo in what.

UNITED STATES.
The amount or stock of the loan of 1848, issued on
foreign account in the week preceding the Stet alt.,
bad been unusually lax, : sots
.... SKOOO Germany .
01,300 Brasil
10
allmia ,OOO
OO
0., 00

%.,oef and wine, on which they subsisted until the 29th, when
I they were takes off by the British barque Castries, Capt.
Kinds, from Bt. Lucia, bound to Dublin.
iIICIOIST, YLITSRDAT.—ALLZOED NILOLICt OF A
Mr. W. Payne, at the Joiners'
Arms, Wmtminsterroad, Meaning the death of Mary
Las Harris, aged 61, a needlewoman.-11. Smith said the
&messed was hie mother-it-law. On Tuesday week, hearing
she wee ill with cholera, he went to her sad Wisher lying
SS the bed. Mr. Hooper, the pariah summnt for,
mad his assistant mon arrived and directed that the deteseed
sh aid be kept warm, and bottles of hot water to be placed
at different parte of her body. They. had not the means of
rat thia, so they wrapped her up in all the clothes they
Chive that would answer the same putiwrim li
The surgeon gave her money to boy brandy and an order foe
relief from the workhouse. A eon-in-law of the deceased, I
named King, went tattle workhouse on Wedneedsy and gat
from Mr. Bodeen, the relieving officer, 21be. of bread sad
Whir articles. The relief was stopped on Friday, when Yr.
Ideas tanked mimeos away, but on Baturdap mime
bread meat, and oatmeal wee given to King. The deeeseM
ell this time wu much in want of clothing, and Mr. Hooper
ordered her some, but which the relieving officers refused t•
give her.—Elisabeth King, the daughter of the deemed.
said that when Mr. Endeau visited the deemed on Fehleg,
he said she had quite enough clothes on her. She was
wrapped up in old pleas of carpet, but had no blankets. Ow
Saturday, as deceased was crying out about the cold, Mr.
Day, the vestry clerk, wu sent to, and he pz.vided two
blankets and two pound' of mutton. Deceased di..d on
8 onday morning.—Mr. William Lock, one of the guardians,
said he heard of the ease on Friday, and wro.o to Mr.
Sudan telling him to do, all that was necessary for the dc-
ceased —Atter some corroborative evidence, Mr. Endeau,
the relieving overseer. said that when he went to the de-
ceased on Friday and saw her in bed, it was his impression
she had quite enough covering. They told him that they
had not enough, and that what was there did not belong to
them. He sail it was no matter where they goc the e'otbes
from, for they had got them, and, therefore, he could not give
any more.—Verdict, Died from Asiatic cholera," the jury
expressing a hope that Mr. Endeau would be more careful
in future.

lived teed died and have left their remains to attest
the actuality of the species during the enormous
lapse of time from its beginning to the 6% of August
last ! Now, a serpent, being an air.breathing
with long vesicular and receptacular lunge, dives with an
effort, and commonly floats when dead ; cod so would the
sea serpent, until decomposition or strident had opened the
tough integument and let out the imprisoned t ate'. Then
it would sink, and, if in deep water, be seen no more until
the sea rendered up its dead, after the lapse of the teens re-
garotte for the yielding of its place to dry lend—a ohanp
which has actually revealed to the present generation the
old saurian monsters that were entombed at the bottom of
the ocean of the secondary geolo.gical periods of our earth's
history. During life the ezigenetes of the respiration of the
great sea serpent would always compel him frequently to the
surface ; and when dead and swollen—
Franca the flood, extended long and large,
He would
Lay dotting many a reed; in bulk as huge
Al whom the fables name of monstrous sire,
Titanian or earth-torn that waned on Jose.
Such a spectacle, demonstrative of the species, if it existed,
has not hitherto met the gale of any of the countless
voyagers who have traversed the seas in so meny directions.
Considering, too, the tides and currenta of the ocean, it
seems still more reasonable to suppose that the dead sea-
serpent would be occasionelly cast on shore. However, I
do not ask for the entire carcase. The structure of the
vertebrae of the serpent tribe is so pauliar, that a single
ver would suffice to determine the exist, ace of the
hypothetical Ophidisn and this will not be de. med an un-
reasonable request, when it is remembered that the verteln
are more numerous in serpents than in any other animals.
Such large blanched, and scattered bones on any seashore
would be likely to &Watt even common cureosity ; yet
there
ens
is no vertebra of a serpent larger than the ordinary pytho
and boas in any museum in Europe.
Few sea-coasts have been more geneloutly searched, or
by more acute naturalists (witness the labours of Sere and
Lovett) than these of Norway. Krakens and sea serpents
ought to have been living and dying thereabouts from long
betore Pontoppiolan's time to our day, if all tales were true;
yet have they never vouchsafed a wile fragment of their
skeleton to any Scandinavian collector ; whilst the other
great denizens of those seas have been by no means so chary.
No museums, in fact, are so rich in the skeletons, skull,
bones, and teeth of the numerous kinds of whales, cachalot",
grampuses, walruses, sea unicorns, seals, eCela ,as thee. of
Denmark, Norway, sand See, deo ; helot any rte marine
neat. script or indeterminable monster they cannot show a
tine.
I have inquired repeateelle whether the natural history
collectioos of Boston, Philadelphia, or other cities of the
United States, might ponces any unusually large ophidian
vertebne, or any of such peculiar fend as to indicate some
large and unknown marine animal ; bat they have received
no such specimens.
The frequency with which the sea serpent has been sup-
poled to have appeared near the shores and harbours of the
United States has led to its being specified as the "American
S. a Serpent;" yet out of the 200 v. rtebrtr of every individual
that should have lived and died in the Atlantic since the
creation of the species, not one has yet been picked up on
the shores of America. The diminutive snake, less than a
yard in length, " killed upon the sea shcre," epparently
beaten to death " by some labouring people of Cape Ants,
"
United States (tee the Svo pamphlet, Ihl7. Bolden, page 38)'
and figured in the Illustrattli London New', Oa,OUCT 28,
1648, from the ororiginalAmerican memoir, by no Mean'
satisfies the conditions of the problem. Neither do the
socchans of Mitchell, nor the ophiognathus of Harwood
—the onrye
41 fest, the other 6 feet, g ; both are surpassed
by some of the congers of our own coasts, and, like other
mare:mid fishes and the known small sea (hydro-
phis), swim by undulatory movements of the holy.
The fossil ye rtehrie and skull which were exhibited by
Mr. Koch in New Yara and Batton as these of the great
sea serpent, and which are tow in Berlin, belonged to
different individuals of a species which I had previously
roved to he an extinct whale ; a det. rmination which
has subsequently been confirmed by Prof, setts Muller and
Agustin. Mr. Dixon, of Worthing, has uncoved many
(testi vertebee in the Eocene tertiary clay at Er icklesham,
which belong to a large species of an exttuct eenus of ser-
pent (paleophi,), founded on similar vertebere irom the same
&rotation in the Isle of Sheppey. The largest of these
ancient British soak• s was '2O feet in length ; but there is no
evidence that they were marine.
Thu sea mentos of the secondary periods of geology have
been replaced in the tertiary and actual seas by. marine
mammals. No remains of c!taina have been found in has or
colder, and no remains of plesiosaur or iethyosaur, or any
other secondary reptile, have been found in cocotte or later
1 tertiary deposit, or recent, on the actual sea shores, and that
the old air-breathing saurian floated when they died has
been shown in the Geolo9ical Transaction, (vol. v., second
series, p. 612). The interence that may reasonably Indrawn
from no recent carcase or fragment of such having ever
been discovered, is strengthened by the corresponding ab-
sence of any trace of their remains in the tertiary beds.
Now, on weighing the question, whether creatures merit-
ing the name of " gnat sea serpent" do exist, or whether
any of the gigantic marine raurians of the secondary depogin
may have continued to live up to the present time, it seems
to me less probable that no part of the carcase of such rep-
tiles should have ever been oiecovered in a recent or unfoe-
silised state, than that men should Lave been deceived by a
cursory view of a partly submerged and rapidly moving ani-
mal, which might onl be streoge to themselves. In other
words, I regard the negative evidence from the utter absence
of any of the recent remains of great sea serpents, krakens,
or Enaliosauria, as stronger agannt their actual existence
than the positive a etements which have hitherto weighed
with the public mind in favour of their existence. A larger
body of esi lens from eye-witnesses might be got together in
proof ef ghosts than of the sea serpent.

IRELAND.

DVELIN,Nov. 14.

The Court cf Queen's Bench was occupied yesterday
with the case of Martin r. the Queen, in error; but
the arguments were not concluded when the court
adjourned.
The proceedings in this case disclose another dif-
ference between the practice of the courts here and
those of Westminster-hall. In England when the
subject complains of the crown, the subject, like the
plaintiff in cases between two subjects, has the " last
word," or the right to reply. In Ireland the right, it
seems, belongs to the defendant, the crown. Cases of
this kind ought really to be conducted like other
cases; and it does seem, in the words of Mr. Justice
Perrin, "very Irish" to prevent the complainant from
summing up the arguments. Is it not Limo that such
di.tinctions in the practice of the courts should cease,
now that steam has broight us within thirteen hours
of London ?
Rumour in " the hall of the Four Courts," announces
Mr. Justice Perrin's retirement. The health of the
learned functionary has not for some years been so
robust es usual, and it is now said that the proper
parties have offered to facilitate his retirement upon
en allowance of 2,3001. a year, which, however, the
learned justice spurns, demanding his full salary of
3,800/. His period of service, I believe, entitles his
lordship, or nearly so at least, to this latter amount ;
but of late years it is very unusual for an Irish justice
to leave the bench while his health permits him to
discharge his functions. Whether there is any truth
in this on die I should be unwilling to plecL:e myself,
but it is not the first time it has been in men's mouths
iu that great theatre of legal and political gossip " the
hall." Should this retirement take place, Mr.
Monaghan, the attorney-general, would dinbtless oc-
cupy the vacant seat upon the bench.
The Rev. Mr. Leahy, president of the Roman ca-
tholic College of Thurles, has written to the journals
to say that John O'Leary, arrested recently near Clon-
mel, is not, and never had been, a student of that
college.
One of our few Irish newspaper celebrities has just
departed from the scene where for many years he had
enacted a prominent and not uninfluential part. Mr.
Nicholas Murray Mansfield paid the debt to nature
upon Saturday last, after an illness of some weeks.
This gentleman had been proprietor of the Evening
Packet newspaper for a series of years, during which
he had rendered that journal a very infimmtial organ
of the opinions, sentiments, and changes which have
pervaded and influenced the high ascendency party
in this country. Personally, Mr. Mansfield was kindly
and winning, while his readiness to oblige any mem-
ber of his " estate," of whatever politics, as well as his
abstinence from that ulcer of Irish political warfare,
personality, were as remarkable as rue. S:rong and
partisan in his politics, stronger in his polemics, there
is no man who krew him who will not be ready to
say, " Peace to his spirit !"

SCOT LAND.

EDINBURGH, Nov: 13.

The trial of John Grant, printer, Henry }taken,
and Hobert Hamilton, for sedition and cor.spiracy,
came on this morning before the High Court
of Justiciary. The witnesses for the prosecution
having been examined, the case for the croow•n closed,
and the trial was adjourned till to-morrow.

PROVINCIAL.
LANCA,iIIRE.

A VALUABLE PUBLIC TEaTIMONIAL, cot siring of a
dinner service of silver plate, with a b. medial centre piece,
was on Wednesday last preeented to tdajor.Oen. Weynyss,
tt, =tee
iudirnnArr, !o that e, oM. ce.
mr hz:rhoer,liayer
pect
far the manner In which he had conducted h.tnee.t while
connected wan the district cootatend.ht fr on 1836 to
1847. The senior included up -cud/ of 20 p'ece- of plate,
and its value. is not meek eh pr
dr,bly of 2,0001.
WARWICKIIKB.

-----
Tll6 CHIPPING-NORTON AND CHIPPING CARP-
ozN Best.—lu the District Court of Bankruptcy, et Bir-
mingham, y nerds!, Wore Mr. C 0011169111011. r B_lguy,
Nl”ers. John and Charles B. Matthews, w i,,,l on
business as busker, at Chipping N RCM .1 I
I‘. toy .
....
Cantor, era- ... ~ti th-ir that e.= 0 V
I 'elicitor, of Birestazham, who, with jig ].;
~. •is
n•
st, -• % ...., A
I's. • •:-..: ~ - ...(
11.)
el. ct , „,.._.,. . ..
•••- 1- • ~...;:i_Lb ..tt..