The Express.
London, England, 1865-09-18 00:00:00

LY

it as,

BALKOR* Naar. 16.
The Queen walked in the grounds yesterday
maniitig, ssd is Use &nausea west ost with Name
Holes'.
Earl Rummell arrlvel at the Chatle is the evenleg.
Sart 16.

The Qum, aerionspanied by Primus Helena, and
attended by Lady Churobill, drove round by the Limey
Ease yesterday &Herm*. ,
Earl Russell had the honour of dieing with her Majesty
aad the Royal Easily

Despatches Wan remised ar Saturday at the Colonial-
oOloe frees the Governors of New Zealand, Victoria, South
Australis, Labour, Malta, the Gape of Good Hope, Natal.
sad Be. Helena. Despatches were sent to the Governors of
the North Americas Provincee, the West Indian Islands,
sad British Columbia,

THS ql7lllOl AT BALVORAL.—The Qlleen%
sojourn at Balmoral is distinguished for the absence of
everything approgehing to osteetetion or parade. Her
Majesty is frequently seen walking by the side of theriver.
acoompanied by ace et the priaessese or • lady in waiting.
attended only by • footman, or driving opt without retinue.
The Prince and Princess of Wales and suite
arrived at Aberdeen by the London limited may' at 12
minutes put 1 o'clock on Saturday afternoon. After a stay
of about 10 minutes, during which time the Deedde
engines were Wilixed to the royal carriages, the party drove
off for Alamo, to post thence to Abergeklis, which would
be resebei shortly leefees4 o'clock. The weather was floe
throughout. The Swaim gathering has now been defini-
lively fired for Therm:ley, the let prim, and it is expected
the spode of the Highlanders will be witnessed by the
Prince and Primmer of Wales sad other members of th
royal family.
Prince Amadeus of Italy, accompanied by
his Eximillimoy the Marquis d'Aseglis, she Relies I
Minister at the Court of St. James's, and attended by •
numerom sath mired at the Italian Legation in Groove- ,
ear-street. on Saturday evening, from Paris. Count Maffei
mid the Marquis Delhi were at Dover, to meet his royal
highness on his landing from France. Yesterday his royal
highness attended Mies service at the Roman catholic
church, is Farm-skeet, Berkeleyaquaro, and in Me altar-
woe visited Kew-gardses, and afterwards dined at Risk.
Mond with his Exesilesey the Italian Minister, and the
avabo:a of the leptiea and officers of his suite.
The Maharajah Dhuleep Singh, who arrived at
illvedon, near Thetford, Norfolk, a few days since for pee-
-1 triage shooting, has left fat Scotland, where the fdahansee
lig staying. His highness h expected again at Eleedon itext
swath.
Lord and Lady Edward Pelham-Clinton left
'tows at the elms of tlie pest week for Canada, whale Ws
ilnedship joiss his battalions of the Ride Brigade.
The Right Hon. Edward Cardwell, M.P., left
town on Saturday for his seat near Oodsteem. Surrey.
The foundation-stone of a new convalescent hos-
pital was laid at Bournemouth on Saturday. The hoer
pital is intended as • memorial of the late Lord Herbert of
Les. 'Ties 'tote was laid by his son, the Earl of Pembroke,
who delivered a Mist but touching address on the omegas.
Mr. Sotheron Esteem* the Bishop of Oxford, the Bishop
of Salisbury, sad wand numbers of parliament weirs pre-
med at the ceremony and at a iambics' which followed it.
On Tuesday last Mr. Walter Whitty, SOD of Mr.
M. J. Whitty, proprietor of the Liverpool Daily Poat, wan
out shooting with • party of frisads in Dumfriseshke, wheel,
In the act of firing his gee. It buret, and sheltered his 4dl
bend so meanly that amputation was mated neosesary.
lie is going on favourably.
The Hants Advertiser states that the famous St.
Gilee's-bill cheese and bane fair, NM Winchester, whisk
has been held annually in Septecoles for 700 years, will
Le w to be held after the remind year.
The Western Times publishes the following notior?'.
viz :—" Mr. B. Riddell, of North Devoe, has received the
appointment of Master of the Hounds of hie Majesty the'
Emperor of the French."
A oorrespondent of a Portsmouth paper states
that mosquitoes, oda tree West has type, ham made their
eppeezenos N Woolehmei, Is Haute. A young tidy then
his been stung by them in the arse, which swelled up to
as immense aim is masequemos.

THE LATE MR. COBD
M EXEN ON
ICOTHE AMERICAN
WAR AND .

The following is an extinct from a letter written
in May, 1864, by the late Richard Cobden os America
to a French gentleman residing in Swi•zeriand, upon the
subject of the late rebellion :—" London, May 13, 1864.
My dear —,—ln your lest letter you speak nefavostrably
of the prospects of the Northern party in Au:mica. Yon
do sot know that country. I travelled through the
United States is 1833, and again in 1859, and have been a
very careful student of all that has been pueinr there. I
ought to know that country as well as anybody.
Nothing, in my mind, it more cert tin in the future
than that the North will destroy slavery, ruin the
slave OWINTS, sod hold possession of the South. The mis-
take that people fall into in Europe, when they expect the
SUOMI of the South, is that they lose sight of the inherent
weakness of a slave-owning community, owing to the want
of that mechanical development which constitutes the
great power of modern society, as compared with former
ages. Georgia. or Mississippi, or Alabama, are sot modern
communities is their organiestioe an i see os. They are
a succession of plantations on which slaves do all the work,
sad ',ordaining within themselves all the different occupa-
tions, such as osrpeetue, smiths, and coopers, and which
form distinct trades in free civilised states. In fact,
Georgia and Mississippi era in the lams state as Western
Europe was in the 14th a ntury. Georgia and Mississippi,
each nearly as large at Basked, contain ea:h only a
half million of white inhabitants, being ism populous
than England was in the time of the Salons.
Those whites are surrounde f by nearly an oval number of
slaves, who are reedy to run away from their muter, when!
ever the Federal armies apprmoh. Thus, added to the
want of mechanical resourms an I the ab.enle of aceumn-
Wed wealth and population in towns, the South seen the
negro, os whom it depends for the red, cultivation of the
soil, deserting Its plantations to enlist in the ranks of the
invading army. It is true that the Southern whites fight
well. They are a proud, haughty community, who
have a contempt f x Northern Industry and for
Northern men, Jest as all aristocrats have de-
spised working men. They are more reckless of fife,
more accustomed to the use of arms, and have
that Southern dash and fire which make them almost iris.
.!,able fee a time. Bet Dotbleg can compensate for the
' disadvantages ender whisk they labour. Nothing can make
a community, living like the feudal community of the 13th
esotury, a match for the New England population of the
191 oeutury. The North will rule the South, not by any
one or half -done decisive battles, but by its persistence arid
by the irremissible weight of reeerces. and 1 should not
he surprised to see the South collapse very suddenly , for
levied so social forces at its back. when owe it is fairly
hostess in the field, it has nothing to fall back upon. If the
North should realise my expectation., it will present itself
before the Old World in a sew and meat formidable stet-
ted% for it will have proved Realise great in wee as le
pease. It is the only country in
the world which, while
It is a first-class naval power (for mcanti tonnage is
equal to our own), can keep 700,000 men in the field.
Het your Emperor thought of all this in content's with
his Mexlc.n expedition ? I confess I saw with anneesesest
re well se regret the course which he took in sending
as army to interfere in the internal affairs of
that wretetted country. It reminded me,
in Its
impolicy, of the expedition of the first Napoleon from
Bayou's into Spain. No tome being can restore Mexico
to eater, or oyster on it the bleeders ed 'kilted progress.
It requires the hand of God himself to afoot each a change
.I•Emaaaam.ordaLradali population of half-aster. Bat does the
w how deeply the public sentiment of the
United States is enclosed and humiliated by this
tempt of a foreign power to set up an empire at their
door wisheat oectsriltation with them ? How would you
Frenchmen like to see the Yankees sending an
I army to establish • republic in Balgiuni without eon-
saltieg you? Seeing the Americus newspapers regularly,
I gather from them that the resentment wises you for the
I Mexican istierventics is ready to burst teeth the named
the nisei*. Is In a sore way of defeat The AMC/Ws
Will hawse.' means controversies with England, but they
are of a oaten to keep and employ the ingenuity of diplo-
'ersafista But I look for a peremptory denied from Wash-
iegkin foe explenatiess hem the Tuilieries, which will lead
to war wr leessillMtas 1 siscerely wish the Empires would
withdraw way Free* soldier lesesediately. . . •
'' Scams]) Comm."

Mr. Hansen, et !be Cbasserz_bar escionde Mr.
Trevor the glarepelber. Yr. Chtriie P. Phillips Ire
ben ensiled by the Lard Mel Jostle. rwrieleg baniterr
for the City of Loam in the ekee of Mr. Hawn, who
lea leen appointed to the Stamp-office.

SEP

LitTyrnalLUGlNcia
CAFFEIN CONVENTION.--OIRCUIAR 01
EARL RUSSELL.

-
The Indipendanee Beige of to-day publishes what
professes to be the text of Earl Russell's despatch
on the subject of the Gastein Convention. It is
addressed to the diplomatic agents abroad, and is
as follows:
Sin—The Nitrite chargé d'affaires has communicated to
me in substance a despatch relative to the Gutelo Dola-
' lion, end oleos then the Berlis papers have published m
the
„ut text of that despatch.
Gu the first oommunioatioe to bee Majesty's govornamet
al the prellmiaaries of peace, signed at Vienne, I caused
the views of the government respecting those prelimina-
'ries to bo ends knows at Vienna sad Berlin. The present
ionveetion has only served to Isamue the regret which
glier government of her Majesty expressed at that time.
The treaties of 1815 pve the King of Deemsrk a seat is
Mio Germanic Confederation as Duke of Holstein. The
Piety of 1852 recognised the right ot simosesien to th
mere Danish me:catchy which the late king had fixed in
o prom of the present sovereign. This treety, in despite
of the assurances given in the despatches of the 31st
&massy, 1884, has been emspletedy set aside by Austria
band Protasis, two of the powers which had sips& it. It
might jastly have been expected that whim treaties are
thus annulled the popular seethnento of Germany, the
wishes of the peril:Aloes of the Deobies, the °Poke ad
'the majority of the Diet so emphatically pressed by
• Austria and Prussia in the Loudon Conference, would at
leant have bees moopiaed in their steed. In this
way if one Masi of rights have been set aside
others fowls; from the assent of the inhabitants
might have been substituted for them, sad these rights
ralvdvad with respect might have some dunes of de:reties.
But all rights, old or sew, whether based ups a solemn
agreement between sovereigns or on the clew sad precise
expression of the popular will, have been trampled under
foot by the Gastoin Convent:We, sad the authority of force
is the only power which has been consulted and recog-
nised. Violence and cooper* are the only buss upon
winch the dividing Powers have established their convention.
Her Majesty's government greatly deplores the disregard
1. in manifested for the principles of public
law and the legitimate claim that a people may
raise to be heard when their Motley is called
into questioo. This despatch does not authorise you to
adixessoboorvations untie this subject to the court to which
you are accredited, and is solely intended to acquaint you in
what sense you will speak of it when the occasion missa—
-1 am, Sec., (iiirled): Rosssm.
Yoreign.office, Sept. 14, 1865.

(MITES* TZLZGRAW4.)
AMERICA.
ARRIVAL OF THE CITY OF LIMERICK.

__
(VIII Oreolchavan.)
NEW YORK, Sim 28, Arrsasoon.
Mr. Davis is reported to be reooveriog from his
attack of erysipelas.
00)1,11E9.01AL INTELLIGENCE.
Money easy ; gold, 1441. Stocks steady. New
York Centrals, 93 ; Illinois, 124 i ; Erie, 891; 5-20
Dnitod States Bonds, 1071.