The Express.
London, England, 1847-06-12 00:00:00

lAY EVENING, JUNE _IA 1847,

tituted kr that of la
which os ossaskadv

1 hi reported to a
onatriel, had pro-

sentms two taxes, one tipon
tiiamade far a oretlionbe et death, without which no priest
...awutomeoletht
absaciassar upon bealuthe
repTl:like IstAtereharwasge thee
lonose
wee
wee remitted to bury the party. • revolt tamed in one
proems is anesquenee of a body in respect to which the
I Ws. had not been paid, being left unlettered. The soldiers
were failed in ; but the reseleans the dismissal of the Cabral
Wailer/ and the sending for the Duke de Pelmet's. This
Doke dePahaella was • man wise, far esgaeityoadrectitade of
enastthademet, hod seerosly ewer bee squalled is Ms or any ether
alienn ) He aseepesd aiee, sad he (Mr. o)
wee that be bed a wham prepared gar the tetel
rehmthiles aim ewer, sad for improving the men-
mat Oa the Bank of °Mohler this statesman the sent /or
lis the Vim end required to sign his own dientheal; be
he was told he must consider himself a pri-
sossebittls ether/ be bad been senaned a n=ahe pane.,
he te ammaated Olen the deem of his own • seL In the
mean time the king smooth had been round to the various
barman sthilth bersegoed dr then and whoa be thought
itnemssmybedminothdlinelleine Mt OMMlMlnd.Mtbitihettog
matures of bloom. A despatch was thew seat to the Count
Das Lathe ethring him a marquiette sad ether honours if
he would ithe part ia this counter-revolutions. To his ohm-
nal heaths Das Antis refused. Bet when afterwards the
Cabratheth were dismissed in wises of the
riling, the queen, so fat from Cabral with's=
as he deserved, made him a asset—the Count Thome, and
sent Mei as ambassador to Madrid, where he bad concerted
this whole scheme of foreign intervention, and brought
eternal disgrace on the British name. Mr. Southern
said the whole of this scheme came from the Spanish border,
and he mentioned a sum of money, 80,0001., which Cahnl
had" sent to create a counter-insurrection in the capital. At
this moment (mid the hon. gentleman) Cabral rules in Por-
tugal ; and, farther, I say, at this moment he rules in this
country. (" Oh, oh," and cheers.) He asserted that it was
so. However well-intentioned might be the noble lord
(Palmerston), sod he admitted his good intentions, he wee
sometimes caught sapping, and the hands of Costa Cabral
or Louis Philippe he was no more than a child in l
strings. (" Hear," and a laugh.) Now, what bad
Count Thomar required of this country 1 In page 200 of
the despatches, Mr. Balwer, writing to Lord Palmerston,
said :
Cosa Thorns (dui so Cobra) Sea Sod me whet or oar so-
ot's's& smut soaida =regalia lespilios=ahe.
flepostohlo salt is lo mirth
rename. il thus pais uphill/ sepia hooloil IP asset Ds ,
Miguel I mil thot I Nall aotorass NO so to aloptioli
ing this goods bat Sat li Ml* isit that
EN/Lade:nth sot Istostfiaa 114i= to ,
re-weird& as asfla of mai most
ham bran itoossassibior sea • .eue mama
part tines Wirt Ng las adhorams whoa Mho imager iorma,
la other M ithaty es renewal of its exertion to theseemert of
Dora Mate 's *ram Count Tom', mil lo 111 sot ander-
stood roses eel Pr that if ths slob Yaw Ibit ws
should spa thou II they took the acme eir Dom
Miguel, they weal not Caked lea= that If lbw sompliad the
Queen, it soil set ma to Ps spots Is vim aim as
in west ems they PI so. 1 Moat Mostar that. gosenalog to
what he wen Soo sops he Sisal lapsad to support the CMOum of
Portogalle Um= spirt her own rip" whatever alp la tho
policy thesis he with 'tankful =MEM might pursue tennelell=n,
or Me
For Miry might bowl Le resiiitiag it, in witiihmell Me s-
weep' st Fortopi would to lapsed ape Portugal byhmiplhas
and lastidliato think that either the Portuguese rim yenta ups
prom MU= sort of presumption ca ear part, or that*, Ilhatish or
don wookt ammtion the principle= =kali was kande&
The answer of Count Thomar was remarkable. It wen :
Well, then, if you do not interfere in this way, you ham no right ft
prevent another nation from so interfering.
(Hear, hear.) Mr. Bulwer replied:
That we had the right of a great state in Europe, which did not
choose that the balance of power In Europe should he disturbed,
which it would be if the suture of the Portuguese government were so
changed that the queen of that country had merely to depend for her
authority on Spanish intervention, which intervention was the one I
presumed to which he alluded.
He had referred to these matters to show that Cabral had
been the proximate cause, and had plotted for this interven-
hen in Portugal. The case made out by his hon. friend
(Mr. Hume) was, he thought, a crushing one as against the
government; hut, in some degree, his hon. friend had filled
in pointing out the abominable cruelties which had been in-
flicted by the court party on those who had fallen into their
hands during the struggle. He had dwelt lightly on the
sufferings inflicted on the prisoners of Torres Vedras —the
Counts Bomlia and Villa Real, and their comrade,. What
had been done by—as he could not flatter, he wished not
to speak disrespectfully of hi r—whot had been done by, be
would not say this woman, but this despotic young lady
(laughter) towards these unfortunate, but distinguished
captives / Notwithstanding the supplications and tears
of their wives and daughters they had been treated as
convicts, and sent in a convict ship to a penal colony.
Our minister at the Portuguese court immediately, without
waiting for any orders from his government, remonstrated
against the treatment of these prisoners. In reply, the Por-
tuguese government deliberately lied to him, is it had done
throughout. (Hear, hear.) It told hint that the prisoners
would be sent to Madeira, and Mr. Southern accordingly
believed them conveyed to that island. The house could
decide for itself whether a court which thus tyrannised over
its subjects, and deliberately lied to the representative of the
British government, was entitled to the support of the
British people. It was quite impossible to suppose that the
Queen would have been driven to rel on the British forces
in the Tagus, had it not been that the whole voice of the
nation was raised—not to hurl her from the throne, for at
no moment had the junta denied or impugned her autho-
rity, all it claimed being the maintenance of the people's
coustittationsl rights, but raised—to reject the proposition
that the caprices of the court should supersede the will of
the people. Several unfortunate circumstances had been
mixed up with this affair. And first, with all respect for
Col. Wylde's gallantry and general experience, it must be
admitted that, under all the circumstances, he was not the
person most juslicioesly to be commksioned to Portugal. The
noble lord, indeed, wrote that Col. Wylde had been deputed
simply to give a military opinion on the state of parties in
Portugal ; but from the very first Col. Wylde gave scarcely
any military opinion at all, the best military opinion being
supplied by our consul at Oporto. Col. Wylde applied him-
self to petty meddling with the court, and, in fact, instead of
a mediator exhibited himself as a partisan. (Hear, hear.)
He (Mr. Osborne) would pass over the unworthy conduct of
Marshal Saldanha, in making use of Col. Welde's potion as
aide-de-camp to her Majesty; but he could not pass over his
conduct in deliberately woerting the falsehood that
Colonel Wylde had expressed himself in disrespect-
ful terms of the Conde Das Antaes troops and
cause, whereas in pages 83 and 89, Colonel Wylde
indignantly repudiated having ever made any such observa-
tion, as those imputed to him by Soldariba. (Hear,
hear.) In the course of the correspondence on this very
point, however, there occurred • passage which fully ex-
hibited the position taken by Col. Wylde in Portugal—the
position namely of a partisan—whether try the orders of the
Warofice,orbyorders from elsewhere, the house must deter-
mine. " You were delicate enough even to tell me," says
Saldanha to Col. Wylde, " that if I thought your visit to
the ex. Count Das Antal might he injurious to us you would
not go ;" so that the officer sent out by the British govern-
ment, simply to hem a military opinion on the state of parties,
asps& hisofit appoutor to the wishes and views of
its St IPS pseths. CM hoar.) It was much to be
heeded that moan min lord's able despatches there
vas not one damming the sairit of Col. Wylde in
threatening the Vining Ila der Ilemikka on May 1 with
the interposition of the Bellii asses. Perhaps the noble
had would explain to the ban how tide Shwa so long m-
elded the protocol of the 214 se the min walk WWII]
Sir Hamilton= teak.i...3 his pakten at the moat of
Portugal ev as meweehthr es did the
ministry, every gessimbeekieh was themined to make
way for anstores of Cabral. With Nth Ihmilton, every-
thing botala miss is rose. St twat is asks out a case
for the senth, and be laboorth eithinisithr k his mis-
sion. By, a mamas mese be 11111IoM mis-
conception. sad an of be fat ' rem aatestions
he.. wee a essamada.leall Pant about IL ate Vermin's,
sad the bal.= tithe Pawls seat, Inatome, by the way,
set to hosanna up ley Mae boobs, for Loin Philippe end
K. Geist .we net MI to be caught by the noble lord in
iblipfall felts PAS °nothing was quite clear, that Sir
IL'itheele bat aresied his authority. We were obliged
tir tomb. is Din maw a the Queen of Portugal, if her
ea la assear,bat we were not obliged to guarantee
rasa
to lay which was what Sir Hamilton undertook
M da, In 165 of the Blue Book, we found him
somilltss that the British fleece in the Tagus would
Ithisra
=her 'a royal perms, an i royal family, and
but thenthie , in inference to this assurance,sane.
Gael eddy the thenthig of the Queen's person and family,
ethilling all usestlem of her throne, for the noble lord knew
theit se treaty pthetheed the maintenance of any particular
2mety in P se meetiessi any intervention in the
=14".°1111.641(' asNse
dthe voice 01 aliblialitE wen
wwieserethr:brdipthence otwithat
the subject. Mr. Canning had mat dialastly hid it dorm
that even in cases where an army night be seat flea We
cerantry to Portugal, it must isespolethly !ahem to ahem
in civil dimensions, and merely preheat the kingdom Iran
foreign invasion ; and the right on. hart, the member he
Tamworth, in a speech on the subject, delivered on Joao 1,1
1829, adopted the views of Mr. Canning, ie leaguer' whist),
unless he could show good grounds for a away. athpinfin, of
tutThber.erecivdn
et
.caq.anpideutucmtiploii.fettalle BiLfricetisl
81:3t4govorrnment rp:
rather of principle, imperatively culled upset Ida a
hodrevnel,awtassitconsiter-
ftgalagainthe matter.
dered by the noble lord to be at an end, and this new con-
vention, or whatever it was had nothing at all to do with
the quadruple alliance. Indeed, it was very dilation to
understand what the convention itself widow taw he it am
valid. He (Mr. Osborne) had heard it cealeaded by thine
lawyers that the protocol was no legitimate deeastent at all,
and that the troops who had killed ms width its sanction
had in truth, acted without legal senethes„ and might he
tried for murder. But, legal or not, it was us extraordinary
document to have the sanction of the womb who had
all ined his throne by beissming the anator of popular
tammila mad wise was mid the King of
es Dsirkeiesi. West seemeolly7L d'rr....., though it
hal he sanction of the His. et the Preach, had not
the swat of the free& pads. Ile he from it, in
be ephdes, Louis Philippe had, to iskanshe at this evil
week Rea seriously imperilled the of herdy-
es*,
_aware • nation who, in yievimgl7lle=net of their
elected kin towards anther pagia wee d& laterally ag.
prebend Ibe same fate ler theardeme ea she lea anima
(Hear, hear.) What had the amestry ewe pima by lbw
conventions ? There bad has of nem no bwite
than six of them: The triple alliances' le=
druple alliance to Spain ; the triples aligns* las as; ihae=
as
Asia; the quadruple alliances to Syria ; las splatark ail-
s:cc of the Dardanelles; and now theconventheetlmPortneol.
Had he been in the confidence of the noble loth, be maid
have told him to say, in reply to the old weeneilell aeries
that come from Lisbon and Count Thomar, that the Bret
Spanish force which crossed the frontier he would Inert by •

no. idfri:et
oci:hibsemsebreatgm
ims e t
sw wrote
1 0 u yi . w
di r .
..f.O
unfortunately
efothdfillt
het party.
tha.
ig.
dd. considerehpodoi
°t.,
British fame eleetehee. He had only to tell the Spaniards
that they shoed' au nuke rig re hem the Havana, to
prevent them meddling j.s the affairs of Portugal. Ho could
tell the noble lord that three wlw • PartY, beta i's SPah, and
Pedaled, favourable to a stone between the two countris.
sworrolotriumpliami°ltilLaygosotruomduLvemneran"rjfithatth;ithwyeTealooseuintdotlbngelle siclanHo'bthaselewpolollic;3de
tall them now that it was
not, for ill Bur". =raathot it was not. In
rage 30L it would be seen th at M. Galant had
asked Lord Normanby whether the sett:emeot would be pee-
n.% that the question was
Fi. tr :It h 5i..4 i
.1 f I 1.
...e
an
ut
'I, /I t
A.ano o:fndeui ; hisi
no
td:oh '
ilm thathimself. 'hi Pfde. : hadr.P
what Perhapsin bt
ttee the rz
an. t:b r a
he Secretary° answering
bi
oforr
failed to do, sm..'
sent question. st
/, ear, hear.) His (Mr. Osborne's) opinion
war, that the goeernment, by their inconsiderate conduct,
had done more to uns,,tele the affections of the :Portuguese
eye an answer to M. Gum it's very pun.
people, and strike a b!ssw at royalty itself all through
Europe, than any ministry' that had ever taken office under
the crown. He would conclude by quoting a 'penis of the
noble lord (Palmerston) of the 2st of June, 1829,
.whicit
ais
wffeanitr.dires;etlaykooinnstracight:suevbegctsetamoof, is
the right hon. baronet the iamb* fo.' T"' ,__2,...
~ ~__
Befit Is Wpm** he err mend LW with." ..t.ZZiat."l
names einem Mash wllbeet n deep
threeadino2bleritibleirret:mszthd
derins."lll.444mansm:Me gait n
de laseedebillstbitsb=Letimmteadoonetitdult4Pmalin't* liThlZ'+""L.UmuluPiaMWsriekenthcce-
abb=B.lheetimodwinem.mieffeleatllle,a,
..4.o.o.lllMddtbevithm==shiee.eldrytwadewt.4gainsng
.frt 5peeth17.......7.
m_._btr=.,...aame,
~..1
lie Tame, lbs sham o ofthe
lulrsiFiveiapeleem"arbe.enesiamilirdpiedongi,wveanitdthaahtellwarmismehana rece"Mauftemi::t tts:tnthatth
`na,etb.olPeeef banks of
the Tombs **shores of the Butner= ? (Hem.. '
Lord J. RUSSELL—I was anxious that the ears 'lest P°."
gale day should be given to the hon. member for Me '11.1°,1;
Net he might have an opportunity of bringing form. `" "
,t the
andgovernthat
~
.„ Tent
...hbett
Untnaltiagerthheite hearing ileiswspeehicleh
leelbahave
ptitironsucown;dbe
ion. geerntlourein:t.whis
almenxijeustty satot
hdaowyen,thliieeinl
questionam fa do
before the hoses, and not to shrink from any accusatibo7a t
01.101 be made eapinst us, has not brought upon the Mast
taw isoonvesissee of hon. gentlemen preferring their
rtin speeches upon the subject, without reference-to
dal upon which they had to speak—(bear, hear)
' 11111•1111111 both the member for Montrose, end the hon. gem' I,
deems do has just sat down, especially, spoke entirely in '
rehearse Si some papers which do not exist, and in total
deieneeef those which were before the house. The hon.
CA!=who has just sat down founded his speech and
e entirely upon the supposition that her Majesty's
government were engaged in establishing an absolute govern-
ment in Portugal, and that they wished to maintain a
despotism in that country ; and thereupon broke out into
declamative gibe, and invective against the ministry who
could be guilty of such a proceeding. (Hear, hear.) But
the fact is that no such object has ever been contem-
plated by the government. On the contrary, the proposition
made by my noble friend, first to the Queen of Portugal,
and next to the junta of Oporto, was, that all arbitrary
decrees should eeue, that everything done since the 6th
October should be revoked, that the banished should be re-
called, and the constitutional laws of Portugal have full
effect. That simple remark does, I believe, destroy three-
fourths of the specious assertions of the hon. gentleman.
Respecting intervention he certainly cannot blame us, since
he hinuelf declares he would have interfered by tell-
ing the crown of Spain that no Spanish force should
enter Portugal. (Hear, hear.) What I have to say
in opposition to the hon. gentleman's argument is, that it
was necessary to interfere; first, for the welfare of Portugal,
and secondly, for the interests of this country. Further, I
am ready to maintain that by that interference we have
averted the danger of a European war. These three pro-
positions can, I think, be proved, by the papers before the
home, and from the events of the last few weeks. I will
not follow the hon. gentleman upon the subject of the pre-
vious ministries of Portugal. (Hear, hear.) But the
Cabral ministry having been destroyed by a mili-
tary revolution, and the Duke de Pelmet's being
at the head of affairs, meetings took place which
gave alarm to the party then out of power, and who
dreaded the subversion of the constitution, and destruc-
tion of the power of the monarch. The Queen, acted on by
this alarm, partially by the fears which were entertained, and
joining with the Cabraliste, who formed a considerable party
in Portugal, thought it inceesary to ask the Duke do Pal-
metto if he could save her from the threatened danger. He
professed himself ready to continue her minister, hut not
offering any guarantee, she desired that he should
resign, and immediately formed another ministry. So
far there was nothing unconstitutional, there might
have been nomethine imprudent, in the conduct of the
Queen, the dismissal a a minister being an actor the sovereign
power to which every minister of a constitutional govern-
ment was subject. Lord Howled de Walden, then ,
at Lisbon, seems to have supposed that the nomina-
tion of the Marquis de Saldanha would have been
favourably received. He speaks of the Septembrists
as waiting on him, and asking whether it would be
safe, and whether, if it took place, they might depend upon
the execution of the ordinary law. Lord de Walden seemed
to expect that it might take place without tumult or revolt.-
' don ; but in a few days afterwards a fear, corresponding to
' that which excited the Queen of Portugal to change her
ministers, seems to have possessed the Count Diu Antes, and
the Septembrista who formed a junta at Oporto, sent
certain addresses to the sovereign, in which they demanded
that the new ministry should be dismissed, and expressed
their fears of what was celled the Cabralista faction in Por-
tugal. Upon that demand being refused they placed them-
selves in arms against their sovereign. I am not now to
argue whether they were justified in that course, or whether
what they apprehended would have taken place; but I am
ready to admit that no sooner had the insurgents appeared in
arms both at Oporto and other places, than the restraints of the
constitution were entirely thrown aside, and decrees the
most arbitrary, and acts the most di spode, countenanced
and sanctioned by the government at Lisbon. The hen
member for Montrose went through the narrative of those
various acts as if they were acts which her Majesty's go-
verement were bound to defend. I ray, on the contrary,
that they form no part of our case. (Hear, hear.) It is to put
an end to acts like these, and prevent the continuance of
such an arbitrary and despotic system of government,
that my noble fnend wrote his despatch of the sth of
April, and proposed the terms therein contained to the
Queen and die junta. Taking the acts in succession,
and as they arose, you will find that her Majesty's min
later at Lisbon, and my noble friend in London, disapproved
of them one after another, sad earnestly remarked
upon their arbitrary character. Take one—the depor-
tation of prisoners taken from Torres Vedras ; an act quite
unjustifiable in itself and extremely cruel to them. The
Queen of Portugal had unfortunately placed herself in the
hands of a party who seemed to have thougha that the in,. ,
dulgence a their party resentment should him part of the
policy of the date, and that they should continue such acts
in spite of every remonstrance against them. The hon.
gentleman who spoke last, has said much* favour of Mr.
Southern, sad much against the concise% of the Queen of
Portugal. I beg to read to the home the steouna Mr.
Beistherap=in his nets upon Ma whiled et the Torres
Yoder
The Mee Una 1 addrense to the Mbeins he Perdue Alice an
tinselled. end which la Woe* nut Mame* of the 30th Jana-
ran wee alleeen to Den Hued eeliwteplat II detect In the
aneeler tigaramMth Wine; and I lain* Yes des at re-
ef theakiest. I rlie SIM Mat Me
=lent hamper Mak * moped Ma
' deem I led lbseebt h wilqaalep bare the kedge milleten
Mt Me_ *rhea ef the 'Week mein sameennuseas ponces
= 5 1 s
Moms e d oi.w.teb
II: g
nit. T.
oypnfi 8 a k b ,
nut. t
yekW:iiwt
r"
on
rather
yn:rhtta considertt I ;sr' NI
with
ieyl I 1:77h .
2.
d c
...7nbsoet
oltii
wbi.
sovereign
noble et
h.
for. ‘,.: I 13
mbillri
147
ob antlf t o,
Itt:t.
has p real h r I a et
this t Ohio 0 I i 11. wane
r eje I thenreu oilen t.,;
n his command of
who advise the
Portugal,igmember who lays
hermit, who had the ministry in their hands, and
who proposed to leave the queen without
,governs
meat or army, were not responsible for their acts.
The only thing that we could do was to advise that acts of
violence should be discontinued, and that terms should be
offered to the junta which they might accept consistently
with the maintenance of the liberties of Portugal. That
was the course which we did take, but we took it, I regret to
say, without effect. On the other hand, the junta became
daily less and leas a body representing persons alarmed at
theegewohyMi:bmt.uktra.bcSpi;joseorjumesitiaidittuiesth.inaebraidbeizaserwebeneetheamemapithertainee,
the possibility of lining their liberties, and only seeking pro-
ties of ht:whuitisitcoreisi
sh..rtiand whose despatches
tection for these liberties in their neon to arms. I have
arcelimshaassoleldht
iNimmitstmeamy
from one of his despatches, what were his views of the
the lffik el January, Hr. Realism wrote :
fiempullim with the mama el re QIIMI mid
her pearwerst. At she is One le sYfmmmameter
beterber Met the neenedend Des Illmed least se even enema-
etstel bye* parer win teM tame agent Ow isnranest swine
ands the sup, send the en Member. This eanseziem met as It
Is beweees, to need Ms west embus ahem to set
be M• albseeend Zrprienmest bet Illiewhelei thliardeseat=
, aid elmtbt dalimeimenna el Mien nem an same mar pwassewtimeie
la essen *am Me la mine, win sumeib te a
wai n sows witle the are el Yes
Inomapain het vide easy ass-
analbeirseset at tbe sat to Was
pet la Ms spento inn male b y Mirmluel=teas esa Hump-
ailed The &stein. theademegiblelbs
gellelemi .temple Mesh he nesrpolswlllllB.lesralsedre the ihes=
end the heneasi rases ef reneenne te bee peeenneat et a
Med Ulla MI be lif is *Mien le Ms
Wiley et Ms men i: 11:aposple. The ameill eleserrisNeessets-
tied len& men Mee ham lean se past la Ma freferreedem
SW& beim Se peel& alelmete eet Oh malitln
Ihniedgesp deem Pale OM asese=Tester alidell Mi.
ge he Meal tes ds Masan Snag geese
they we b Ible simmeden
be demises, seder swaging Mssimen ma dageseaMa dew
Lebirele Semen diseeseledib as shams. They hums Met le
ef en hem bell mad ma Pplesh
erM be nateblirr the le"rdwslisiTifits
unmet me et is seate*ulbear um
ley=wwbee Ida ins be
awl omens oat
nester's maiwaren Mr lei deemed Mete teethe Me men Use
at the msdise et Ode palinnt hers, called in an aid of so
tramberwas mem elesseeetel sehersiter.
Buck was the description given of the junta, and it is a fact
which admits of no dispute, that the Miguelites who were
not entitled to certain military rank under the gavernment,
received it from the junta, acted with tho junta, commanded
their troops, and, according to th 4. opinion of Mr. Southern,
would ultimately have had the advantage of the coalition
with them. The country, therefose, .asdivided between
three parties. One wi.s the party of the (peen, which
governed in her name in a most arbitrary manner ; the
second was the party of the juntas in which were to be holed

o
t'3.lcayoutheprapaorst 14anaapalitialvidanind wdeefeirelerradallairnnlittooligaipTedlseppellatnanyitiP7afe:FiestwleiliPhWestbaldedfi;:iht.at:nnd:tilh:4Dl6"tibti::::.:
'Verity in the coalition. Still, Marshal &Adults we: at-rt:
as
bead of a large military power in the field, and hie tOOO.-"
bad secured the advantage. That advantage, h
was not deceive, nor did it appear that eitherannoo."'
was likely speedily to secure the victory. Under th•
of things, it is almost needless to my that Portugal Co,
that dangers to her commercial property arose and tbs..-
' guongoiehidan-dthethtatherhertra:rehowlale
the two bodies of soldiery who overran the manor, -*on
who ease those things, sir, concurred in deploring tn;
Unmoor: of the war. If any end could be put to sock
-if, under such circumstances, any termination ooZ"°,
brought about-if poem could be secured upon tarok ‘oo:
would give a constitutional government to the coas7,,,
which would secure an entire oblivion of the past „-„o"?,
would lead to the recall of those who had been
Angola, and provide tor the immediate convocation dat
Cortes as • security for the other measees._,,,,o-
-• change would be, as I think is very ob
great benefit to Portugal. (llesr, hear.) 4dO.e.
such • change was in tact the basis of the p,,,0000_.7e
which my noble friend, by his despatch of the sth
made to the ountending parties. He therein said that that ms
not a cue in which the terms of the treaty et q
alliance could take effect, because Don Miguel wee
the field ; but he added, that the evils of Portugal appspr
to be such as rendered it necessary that he ehoaiorZ
terms of mediation to the contending parties, in the
that they would be immediately accepted. Those trim
were offered to the Queen, who assembled a council to
eider them ; but the terms were thought by A. 7
council to be so degrading 0 the Queen, ssd
advantageous to the junta, that they advised lin to:
jesty to ask for additional terms, and, amongst othen,fn
stipulation, excluding the leaders of the imurrection beg
the general amnesty. Sir Hamilton Seymour, who has
night been very unjustly represented as willing to do -
u
; thing the council fie the Queen proposed to him, deeinedl;
• once that he could not accede to these additional ten,
t that all parties must alike receive the benefit of tea mow,
t amnesty ; that when the Cortes were assembled, if the pee,
t of the junta was in a majority, they must have the eiso;.
tage and govern accordingly ; that it was not in ow pi,
to enforce other terms upon them, and that our interline,
must be altogether at en end if such a comi
that the Queen Proposed should be •
ui
to -son. Sir HatniPon Seymour wrote to de, 0ek,,0
oo."' •ordingly,-and the cabinet here concurred ins his no,
He -'
- thought the terms we had offered were fair te toko,-
and we replied to him, accordingly,that we pay
Peet) from But, • before
- co, part them. sir, that answer
"14;40. , the Queen had accepted the condition. we et,*
laced
Igo_thit_Tklntualinihb.dsttewersiaony,:hthisloodtdfdhieuepsnpoig.fopebrnriecibed:,;iatdnb.eydistosnshhcocoeoh:wtanhpudielittedre.h.upi.e. tetku:siv,lo.:
moderate character and views. One, therefore, dal
termed*
said thee i f the Queen bound herselfto theater:a/AMU',
ZrZittrieeftegsb 'esetlir.eposiitiiotilnousehnaiipn which Portugal
mltinolirten:ucegal'. her.)
the emPle7l a justified d • compel junta t't setlik
moat intiaMe
Portugal wai too miserable-that the condition d
with whom we are on toms d
b rotherhood in arms, was in tttry
01. P.: 7
iewt ‘n;7Wret' l'l.'edoar:itoualitgaelrtowqasujesusttti;!n pwinictihntowiliebetehdr"ecemetw
us
or the circumstances, was (wagering
)
as affected this meetly, wok
osthiCfdohereehaEwronpas;piawnoeshßoas" afshiiiradi.,
of7aifethstruilleefbraaillnva. dace the eonaskoPc.lll"4ll°
follow our adoptio
might result shoed
Now, looking at the question from this point of view, it ms
take leave to remind th s house both of the ancient Isbell
of Great Britain with Po rolgal and of the manner is skitt
during various times 'Adis 'heady and danger, that coutiyhe
al ways proved herself our .
molt of the last centuroothe re have been no less dual. aka
in which Spain has joined lei r'emee whilst at war toe eat
land, whilst Portugal, on ei 'eh of those °melee,. Peihmi
the alliance of Great Britain. (Cheers.) At the end day
seven years' war, Spain joined in an alliance ening Low
whilst Portugal remained firm. At the end of the Amen
war, Spain entered into treati, *1; with France, and a hood
and Spanish fleet rode triumph& filly in out change!. het
French revolutionary wan, tl tough nothing could h
more unnatural than the aI.OI once of the Bodes
of Spain with the republican of France, yet ea
alliance did take place, whilst the friendship of Puma
towards England was not once shake n, and throughon tlr
great and perilous events which ft &wed she teased
firmly attached to our alliance. (Rene wed cheers) Bet k
the present instance what was the con, boon of Postego ■
compared with that of Spain? Aay one who hot
through these papers will see not on ly what he lea
and is the state of Portugal, but al so what ese tie
desires and wishes of the Spautsh governs wet upon theme.
jest. The Portuguese nation, as I said nature, ie thrill
into three sections-nee having for a lee der the iambi
Saldanha, at the bead of a victorious army so the calif at
parties of the junta and of Don Miguel er.fmg is leaset,
with a great body of troops at their command Thellesele
government has seen from the first the danger wick me-
naced the throne of Donna Maria; and, is that dope
the danger to the throne of the Queen of Spits Bak is
the civil war, Marshal Saldanha applied to the Sloe
government for assistance. Mr. Bitterer had freptellyte
report, from November up to April last, that the NMI
government had informed him that they were discoed*.
interfere in the affairs of Portugal, and that it was, Nifert,
becoming a matter of necessity that they should Mgt.
Neither can it well be doubted if a Spanialt.=
had joined one of the two parties so nearly equally h.
that hlarshe. Saldanha would then have hal touch thetas
of the contest, and that, when he had triumphed, the Fame
and Portuguese g veregnente would then have does pre
eisely aa they thought fie in the Peninsula ea, w,
what would they have done ? Let me ask the Issue
consider that very important question. They woulikletet
have insisted on an immediate gall el the sand
but they would certainly have insisted on the iamedme
banishment of all the leaders of the junta. Thelma
scarcely have insisted on an amnesty, but they world hew
certainly insisted that the ministry which has fallen Audi
continue in power, and then, indeed, the liberties( Pee
tugal would have been prostrate. Spain, too, be imam
bored, would have interfered undo, all the circumvented
national dislike, as a country with which Portugal has al-
ways been at Mae, instead of as a coutry
which she had been for years upon the sin
friendly relations. What was the answer, OM
which ores given by Mr. Selene to the suggestions of is
Spanish ministers, the Dube de Sotomayor amt M. Padre
respecting Spanish interferense ? It is far Dons being Ile
as has been tonight awned, that though the Spud
government desired to interim at first, they sulnegamdr
gave up all thoughts of so doing. On the untrue, *elm
'liege of M. Pacheco, the sew minister, was much erode
than that ad the Duke de Sotomayor when he wash elm
He had diedared in the emus that be could not permit*
threes gt Donna Maria to be overturned. le a mete to Ita
ildwagebe had stated, that although be was ready to lea
le any Imposition of the British government, yet Mel
madam liner arising a Spanish army would be set
Portugal In spite of any remonstrance+ of Mr. Butner'
attear . ildwerl. answeredt h.l o:
Spain would not interfere any aggigiataont of the British government on theatre
emusert with England. That ensue he remul
over and over again. He said, ° Then are peel
evils in interference in Portugal; you mut w
tiahgatththeedeEnglualisthiaa ges eermnantusestWkak
lw
toted and dsar
required) Such
terfere unless there is so strong a can as le Wee,
bear all the scruples and reasons &plod
uitin):
in'that case," es Mr. Bulwer's languattekiTtmel,
will cordially coacert with you what of idelficell
there shall be, how far it shall be carried, and who I
its object." If Mr. Bulwer had said, "Do eat Meng
without the concert of England," and if it had at the eel
time been the determination of England in no me lenge.
fere, such conduct would have been deceitful aadtresieso
towards the Spanish governene, t sad Enel--`'elorelil
have acted with that good faith with whirl
until England is prepared to act, and we as theolon
althleothEeragniait'hionsaa. ve(ralialeaera,tbealsrw.)a"Mrs. Saultill,"llfoet
the matter together.' On the sth of April of me"
ifwrote
t toth.e...dewsphait:
hto. whichpropo. .41 hsahvoewaldludbeed,rddeelmilli,
lietfied.owroouelddabey rmeadypto..beyoryo
wthroemt. iantoooetoffeetat
164141 cast
that the Spaniels government found it nesemel eeilete
by force. -His words are :-
Han is,tglerm ilemelmemer weeiPooteokotteesepiall.tite
NW ham MOWN se emestable a
male bed aseememem Peon tioit matestea
le weft t. go,
Ing the perpem westimer 11111101111111 m
tilt sessetleg gnarl Inemendees item aehsg 1111,, Look
reemlly with the paella mom !flit
let Mews having ass rma egigrng_.._ emle
ripelle lt, Mee ileimegfs esienmeml le men,
eweellisaery nuesmemh Meer thershee toeo"wo
Om ahem by the elnes of telieshes toLeTrokonste
bite Mist Medal isheaM ma the Immereilloo_ll7=pee
emeameemsat whisk -terM Wadi( Modem. see
Se saw% wag be assigbalis te WM= meto„,..
imam et Se ewes et Murex lea •••••botin
mmiela et Ir...tam hem pad* ideL
emblem elf her Innemeledm".
Imams Mk 476.-. es mai
megetketse.m= bee_ wood
wellbedgaiseir ragereermerdmeednemre'-
gabsisa et ampleg eel Met
He aignewagdp psseis mar
TOY Mime Meseee . amid og woo oct lefolzio.:411611.
toao6=ere Uwe, smisizette a ammo and
...a
dengegn gm
ip=reh “. is ell
die molly well le emenreireg_„„le e
assegame Greg mod es erg witehe
the esermer sal mita Yds tibia mild delfeetti le
the He gemeilminta. heweelds ••••• leirAmesele
event et amMea edges derler Mitch the eirdol„ae
Cada aaMtb inlielbrinn. Me Spanish r
dliy emu' ta sells • esesserephe, and v may aSee
own atdsrr
eseard. bad wt.
If, therefore, we had delayed any 'conger-if
posed interference at that very time-it was del' d i
ultimate determination of the Spatiish go (go
any crisis arose, it would interfere by force of wetooko
hear.) The host. member for Wycombe, who ere Zed
our interference, an interfaronce which will, Itettlighla
lead to the desired' " Byall semi p.k.
but threaten the Spaniards with war if they eel! lip ill
without your desire." That, I understands:.
tole
opinion of many other hon. gentlemen, and, eldY
able to gather fromhis speedo it was the een e
eMt l,
otherwise peateefed member for Montrose;-Qeeios
thought that we oeght to threaten Spaiorata t wad"
commence, irs. else she should interfere io ro golf
insurrectim. in Portugal. Now, as regard+ Setr go
is quite evident that we must have
have Nadi
lh
two 9:Attest:lves ; we must either hay Mai

.....-.

{rater
have
fared
the '

raw
with
goy
loco
Itiew
that
Abe C
such

sot ti
think

the r
if t
Math
was I
be.
spiv
dyual
there

wind
anise
ought
she i

tipa i ri
Yortu

meal
the
mach
Allis
sake

meet
liber
whin

yeti
fore(

&poi
hap
noti
net
Co!

wilt la int" Merest all, but we will leave Spain to
therebyexposing Portugal to the evils which I
ratzflereew ewe'.n.oned ,nd to othersw which I shall state presently,
e, we out have threatened Spain with war in case she inkr.
bid by arms with Portugal, as she had positively declared
eke would do. Now, let the House committer in what
itsajua we
should have been placed if we bad threatened
with war • friendly power. The Queen Donna Isabella
togas— by • title similar to that of Donna Maria. The Spanish
ppeaameal may have.naturelly apprehended, if the junta
eacceeme sll overturning the throne of Do M • Don
.
,)Kraal would be raised to her place ; and they may have felt
thee if Doe Miguel were reigning in Portugal, the cause of
the white would derive •groat aces on of strength. tinder
seek circumstances, they may have thought that they ought
wet te permit such a revolution to take place in Portugal. I
await that such !cars were exaggerated; I believe that
tee sentiment that Don Miguel would immediately succeed
g the junta triumphed at Lisbon was en exaggerated
eaat' ;I do not think that the danger of math an event
wow immanent as the Spanish government believed it to
be. Bat this I must say, that if the government of
geeta had said. •• The existence of our reigning
ifiajty depends on our interference in Portugal,"
sem would have been no cruse which would
baye enabled us to say with justice to Spain, " We will ap.
pool to arms to prevent your interference." I think that in
on a ease the government of Spain would be fully entitled
se take measunis for its own security. But let us consider
whet wouid have been the consequence of our taking such a
owe., If we had taken part against Spain, we must have
ego part with the junta of Oporto; we must have taken
pelt against the throne of Donna M aria (hear, hear), against
;--eineen of that house of Braganza with which we have been
intimately allied for centuries, and which we should at least
*art to see maintained in splendour and security. (Hear,
war.) And to do what? (Hear, bear.) What was this
• ta of Oporto to effect ? What was the cause
rwejat it was engaged? Almost every person who
mites from Oporto, says. that Count Das Astute', who was
hal, in arms, and the junta as a body. had ceased to cert.-
aim authority over their followers. Every man at Lisbon,
whether Portuguese or Englith, who is not immediately con- '
meted with the party, has declared that if they succeeded, a
oats of anarchy would follow, and that there would be
Muddied sod murder in the 'tree... ( Meer, hear.) One
pectstruese gentleman, of very =dente opinions, says : " I
Amid gawk God if there were any hop.es of having a re-
pnblic, but the mob would have such complete pee
imam of the tows, and the slithers would act
ea entirely without regard to their leaders, that
we should have co organised government whatever."
How could the government of England undertake to defend
that state of things in opposition to a grist proportion of the
rortagese nation an Ito the intervention of Spain. (Hear,
hear.) I conceive that we should have got into immense
difficulty if we hid taken such a course. There is one view
tithe meter which has been kept out of sight. If against
oar opinions and declarations, Spain had interfered and sue-
ailed in her intervention, what would then have been
the mutt? Sly would hove had with her the good wish,a,
Hut the active interference, of Franc.% The Minister of
France declared lung ago that he thought the case one to
which the terms of the treaty of the quadruple
whence were applicable. Thinking that England
eight to interfere, he could not but wish well to Spain if
sloe interfered. But what would be the consequence if
Spain, backed by France, established her supremacy in
Portugal ? Is thu souse prepared for that consequence ?
(Hear, hear) Is this house prepared to say, that the an
oast alliance with Portugal, which has so long sub-
sisted, sad which has been our safety in many a
continental war, shall give place to the establishment
of Spanish supremacy in Portugal; that we shall
either shrink altogether from asserting our influence in
Portugal; or that, in asserting it. we shall choose '
so ill a part in the contest as to join a party which
h thoroughly unable to govern, which is so entirely without '
a head, that whether it be a manarchy or a republic
so stable government can be formed by it in Portugal?
(Hear, beer.) This is a point upon which throughout the
cassions on this subject I have felt very deeply. (Hear,
hem) I have felt that after our long cannexion with Por-
tage I should be sorry to belong to a government which,
when cretin upon by tie government of Portugal to inter-
fere, and having it in i sown power to dictnte the terms of the
interference, shrank frum rendering any :resistance, and
thereby became for ever disconnected with the government
of that country. (Hear, hear.) According t s the opinions
of some of the wisest men who ever ruled this country,
its safety is founded on a system of alliances:. (Hear.) Unless
you have an alliance with Portugal, depend upon it
Tau can have no security for the peace of Europe. (Hear,
ti..) Unless you maintain the balance of power in
Europe; unless you stand by your ancient &Ilia., ou must
be obliged very soon either to accept dishonourable terms
of peace, or to equip a large army and a considerable fleet
in order to preserve your independence. Sir, lam now
speaking language in conformity with that of a great man
on no inconsiderable occasion, and in a case, too, of inter-
fereuce. In 1786 a democratic party, supported by France,
obtained possession of the government of the Nether-
lands. The authority of the Prince of Orange was
made altogether subordinate; all the powers of the
government were placed in the hands of the demo-
cratic party. On that occasion England interfered. Au
insult having, by the connivance of the government, been
offered to the Princess of Orange, when she was pass-
ing to her carriage, the King of Prussia took tux .sion
to march an army into the country to displace the existing
government, and to put the government of the stadtholder
In its pace. The King of England threatened that if C •
French interfered to disturb the settlement made by the
King of Prussia with Prussian troops, Eng.and would take
part with Prussia. Here was a government which the peo-
ple, with the assistance of French intrigue, had established
for themselves. The hon. member for Montrose has (seated
that it is against all the principles of the government of this
country to interfere with that of another. Yet the advice in
this case was given by Mr. Pitt-4 minister who, up
to that time, had been mast favourable to the
peace of the world, and who had just concluded a
commercial treaty with Holland—Mr. Pitt advised the king
to state all the circumstances which had occurred during the
recess in the speech at the opening of parliament ' • and Mr.
Fox gave his lull assent to the address. We have, therefore,
the authority of Mr. l'itt and Mr. Fox exhibited in a case of
interference by arm., not merely sgaiust a body of in-
surgenta, but against a government which was established
after having overthrown the former government. (Hear.)
Mr. Foe, therefore, said, awl truly, that the interests of
England were come rned in supportna the stadtholder. I
think that with regard to this interference we have interfered
in a manner conformable to the interests and liberty of Poe-
tugel, and not only that, but we had a right to consider the
security and interests of England which are so closely bound
ap with our old alliance and ancient influence in Portugal.
With respect to the manner in which this interference has
been carried into effect. I think, as I sta'ed at the commence.
sent, that the whole point of the invective against us falls to
the ground, when it is shown that we have not
made a compact on the principle of the Holy
Alliance or the principle of despotism, but have
asked for the execution of the charter of Don Pedro, fur a
meeting of the constitutional tortes, and for security for
liberty, and the restoration of those articles of the charter
which the queen had some excuse for suspending during a
rebellion, but which when peace was brought about were not
teetered. I thought that the terms which were proposed to
the junta were so favourable to them, and held out so good a
prospect for the enjoyment of their liberties, that they would
not have hesitated to accept them ; and indeed many mem-
ber, of the junta, and Das Antes among them, said that the
terms were excellent and unexceptionable in themselves. The
question is—such being the terms which were offered to
them, what could have induced them to refuse them? In the
first place, although they were told that the terms offered by
Sir Hamilton Seymour and Col. Wylde would he granted,
yet if they were not accepted, England would interfere by
Wee, they did not believe in the reality of that declaration,
and expected that if the terms were refused there would be
ao further interference This happened also at a timenhen
they had received an account of the successes of their adhe-
rents ; and a third cause was, that the leaders of the junta
did not dare to disobey their followers (hear, hear), who con-
trolled their movements, and they feared the danger that
would ensue to their authority, and even to their persona if
they accepted them. Such were the reasons why those terms
were not accepted. Sir Hamilton Seymour seeing such
to be the state of affairs and the urgency of the
cue, and seeing also by the despatch of the 6th April,
that England was prepared to interfere in arms, took on
himself to desire Sir Wm. Parker to send ships to the
Douro. Notice had already been given to the junta,
sad a letter had been written to them stating trat
hostile proceedings must not be carried on : upon this Du
Ante embarked 3,000 of his men, and was about to proceed
to the:math, as he called it, to inflict a fatal blow on the
r ci:mat'larernietent at Lisbon. Sir Thomas Maitland, who
then, received his order', and sent an *Meer on
board one of the steamers, to say that if they proceeded they
would be captured by her Majesty's ships and sent to
Lisbon. The knowledge of this induced the junta to
break off their proposition for an armistice. There was
umber letter which was not delivered, and this, per-
haps, gave rise to the notion thot the junta had not received
notice of the intention to commence hostilities. But they
received notice first from Sir Hamilton Seymour, next from
Colonel Wylde, and then from the expediteon which was
sent with the America ; and it was only this one letter, which
was not received, nor could Du Anne have been unaware
of shat was to be done. Sir Thomas Maitland, seeing that
the men were embarked, and the vessels coming out beyond
the bar, carried his instructions into effect, and told the
officers that they must surrender, for that he would not
allow them to go to the south or return to Oporto.
They accordingly surrendered without resistance, Das
"Us ',tieing that they surrendered as prisoner* of war
to the British forms—(hear, hear)—and that he wished them
to continue in our custody, and not to be delivered up to
the Portuguese authoritiee. Those terns were faithfully
kept, u might be expected from the character of British
officen, and from the characters of Sir W. Parker and Sir T.
Maitland, and they were placed in the castle of St. Julien
under a guard of British marines, and detained as prisoners
of war, as they had surrendered. The consequence must be,
and I expect will shortly be, that the junta at Oporto and
8a do Bandeira, whole in command of the troops at St. Übe*,
will accept the terms which were originally pr, , and
that all politico] offences after the war y:11'17, tpassed
Over, and the eonstitution re-established. So far
from establishing despotism we have put an end to that
which was at Lisbon—(hear, hear)--and put down the irre-
gular authority at Oporto ; and this interference is for the
welfare of Portugal, for the purpose of preserving European
Peace. Let us coneider what would have been the danger,
if we had pursued a course which woe just now recom-
mended,—if we bad keen ready to declare that Spain should
notintetfere; that there would have been a caws bah if she
did: that we were prepared, with perfect tranquillity, to see
41e throne of Queen Donne,Maria overturned, and the family
4 &ulna exile. from Portugal, but that we would not ere
• Spanish soldier pus the frontier. I, speak from conviction