The Express.
London, England, 1865-02-15 00:00:00

SPEECH OF THE EMPEROR.

• IARIS. WEDNESDAY.
The French Chambers were opened to-day at
1 o'clock, by the Emperor, who delivered the fol-

lowing speech :
M61481111:111.8 SINATOP.B ; MEIBI3IIIIB
At the time of our last meeting together, I hoped
to see the difficulties which threatened the
repose of Europe removed by a Congress.
It has been otherwise. I regret it, for
the sword often severs questions without
solving them, and the only basis of a
durable peace is the satisfaction given by
the agreement of the sovereigns with the true
interests of the people. In the presence of the
conflict which arose on the borders of the Baltic,
my government, divided between its sympathies for
Denmark and its goodwill for Germany, observed
the strictest neutrality. Called, in a conference,
to give its opinion, it confined iteelf to en-
forcing the principle of nationalities, and the
right of populations to be consulted as to their
lot. Our language, oonformably with the reserved
attitude which we intended to preserve, has been
moderate and friendly towards both parties.
In the south of Europe the action of France
has been exerted more resolutely. I have
wished to render possible the solution of a
difficult problem. The Convention of the 15th of
September, freed from passionate interpre-
tations, consecrates two great principles, the
establishment of the new kingdom of Italy,
and the independence of the Holy See.
The provisional and precarious state which aroused
so much alarm is about to disappear. It
is not the case now of the scattered members
of the Italian country seeking to connect
themselves with feeble ties to a little state
situated at the foot of the Alps ; it is a great coun-
try which has risen above loc►l prejudices, and,
despising unreflecting excitement, transports
bohlly into the heart of the peninsula
its capital, and places it in the midst of
the Apennines as in an impregnable citadel.
By this act of patriotism Italy constitutes itself
definitively, and reconciles itself at the
same time with catholicity. It engages to
respect the independence of the Holy See, to
protect the frontiers of the Roman states, and thus
permits us to withdraw our troops. The pontifical
territory, efficaciously guaranteed, finds itself
placed under the safeguard of a treaty
which solemnly binds together the two go-
vernments. The convention is not, then, a
weapon of war, but a work of peace and concilia-
tion. In Mexico the new throne is consolidating
itself, the country is becoming peaceful, its
immense resources are developing themselves—a
happy result of the valour of our soldiers,
of the good sense of the Mexican popula-
tion, of the intelligence and energy of the
sovereign. In Japan our fleet, united to that of
England, Holland, and the United States, has given
a new proof of what it can accomplish.
In Africa a sudden insurrection has arisen to
disturb the security of our possessions and to
show how ignorant certain tribes still are both of our
force and of our friendly intentions. This has taken
place at a moment when by a spirit of generous
justice France secures the property in the soil to
the Arab population, when, by liberal measures,
we try to make that mistaken people understand
that, far from oppressing them, we wish to call
them to the benefits of civilisation—it is at this

moment, I repeat, that, misled by religions
fanaticism, the Arabs bordering on the
desert raised the standard of revolt. In spite
of the difficulties of the localities and the severity
of the season, our army, commanded with skill,
has overcome the insurrection, and after the
struggle no bloody repression, no useless severity,
has saddened the victory. The zeal of the
experienced chief placed at the head of
Algeria, the unity of the command re-
established, the proving of the generous de-
signs of France, will all concur, I hope, to pre-
vent the return of similar disorders. Thus all our
expeditions are approaching their close. Our land
troops have evacuated China ; the navy is sufficient
to maintain our establishments at Cochin China ;
our African army is about to be reduced ;
that of Mexico is already returning to
France ; the garrison of Rome will soon return
and, closing the Temple of War, we shall be able
with pride to inscribe upon a new Arc de Triomphe
these words :—"To the glory of the French armies
for victories gained in Europe, Asia, Africa, and
America."
Let us give ourselves without anxiety to the
works of peace. The interval between the
sittings is employed in seeking the means of
increasing the moral and material well-
being of the people, and every useful and true idea
is sure of being received by me and adopted by you.
Let ns examine, then, together the fit measures
for increasing the prosperity of the empire.
Religion and public instruction are the objects of
my constant care. All forms of worship enjoy an
equal liberty. The catholic clergy exercises even out-
side its ministry a legitimate influence. By the law of
instruction it concurs in the education of the
young ; by the electoral law it can enter the public
councils; by the constitution it sits in the Senate.
But the more we surround it with consideration and
deference the more we expect from it that it will re-
spect the fundamental laws of the State. It is my
, duty to maintain intact the rights of the civil power,
, which no sovereign of France since St. Louis has ever
abandoned. The development of public instruction
merits your solicitude. In the country of universal
suffrage every citizen ought to know how to read
and write. A bill will be presented to you
for the still greater extension of primary instruction.
Since the law upon coalitions voted last year, those
who work like those who have employed them have
learnt to settle the differences between them without
always relying upon the intervention of the go-
vernment, powerless to regulate the variable rela-
tions between supply and demand. New projects
will now have for their object to leave greater liberty
to commercial associations and to remove the
responsibility, always illusory, of the administra-
tion. I have striven to destroy all the obstacles
which oppose the creation of societies intended
to ameliorate the condition of the working.
classes. In promising the establishment of
those societies without abandoning the gua•

tr
(...
- 5- , 1.35:

&tali of public seesiity we shall facilitate
It wield experirisint The Council of State
hlllv4asetally considered a law which tends
to give to municipal and general Bonne is
larger functions. The communes and departments
will be thus called upon to transact themselves their
affairs, which, decided on the spot, will be more
promptly settled. This reform will complete the
whole of the regulations adopted to simplify or
suppress minute arrangements which useleady
complicate the machinery of the administration.

The commercial liberty inaugurated by the I
treaty with England has become extended to our
relations with Germany, Switzerland, and the
United Kingdom of Sweden and Norway. The
same principles should naturally be applied to
commercial navigation, and a law is being
prepared to establish at sea the competition which
alone excites progress. Finally, the rapid comple-
tion of our railways, our canals, oar roads, is the
necessary complement of the ameliorations which
have been commenced. We shall this year accom-
plish a part of our task by provoking private enter-
prises or by appropriating to public works the state
resources, without compromising the good economy
of our finances, and without baring recourse to
credit. The facility of the communications in the
interior, as abroad, accelerates exchanges, stimulates
indnetry,and prevents too great scarcity and too great
abundance of products, the effects of which are in-
jurious in turn to the consumer and the producer.
The more extension our marine merchandise ob•
tains—the more transports are facilitated, the less
complaint will there be of sudden changes in
the pries of provisions of the first necessity.
Thus we shall be able to meet the partial incon-
venience suffered by agriculture. Some attribute
the momentary suffering to the suppression of the
sliding scale ; they forget that in 1851, when it
was in existence, the depreciation in the prim of
cereals was far mom considerable, and that this
very year the export of wheat far exceeds the
import.
It is, on the contrary. due to a liberal legisla
tion, to the impulse given to all the elements of
national wealth, that our foreign commerce, which
amounted in 1851 to two milliards 814 millions

francs, has now risen to the prodigious sum of
upwards of seven milliards.
New bills will be laid before you in another
direction with the object of increasing the guar-
antees of individual liberty. The first authorises
the provisional release, with or without bail, even
in criminal cases ; the second suppresses personal
arrest in civil and commercial matters—an inno-
vation, however, which is nothing but the re-
enactment of a very ancient principle. From
the earliest ages of Rome, it had been determined
that the property and not the person of the debtor
was responsible for the debt.
Let us therefore continue to follow the course
marked out. Let us live abroad in peace with

the different Powers, and let us not cause
the voice of France to be heard save for
law and justice ; at home let us protect religions
ideas without ceding aught of the civil power ; let
us spread education throughout all classes of society;
let us simplify without destroying our admirable
administrative system ; let us give the commies
and the department a more independent existence ;
let us arouse individual initiative and the spirit of
association.

Lastly, let ns elevate the soul and strengthen
the body of the nation. But, while making our-
selves the ardent promoters of useful reforms, let
us firmly maintain the bases of the constitution ;
let us oppose the exaggerated tendencies of
those who provoke changes with the sole
object of sapping that which we have founded.
Utopia is to welfare that which illusion is to truth,
and progress is not the realisation of a more or lose
ingenious theory, but the application of the results
of experience consecrated by time and accepted by
public opinion.

The melancholy intelligence of the death of the
Duke of Northumberland bevies been telegraphed to the
Dowager D.ichess of Atholl, In attendance upon the
Queen et Osborne, a message from her Majesty remised
Abswick Castle on Monday, condoling and sympathielag
with the Duchess of Northumberland in her deep al:duties,
and expressing the Queen's great solicitude for the health
of the duchess under the trying circumstances of bar
bereavement. . .

The roll of the Lords Spiritual and Temporal for
the present session includes in all 434 membets. His Royal
Highness the Prime of Wales is, of coarse, Ent on the list.
The last is Lord Houghton.

The Duke de Pentbievre, son of Prince de Join-
Till% has meetly left Lisbon for Brasil, as a volunteer
ottioer in the Portuguees squadron._

The children of the late Mr. Loogfield have
been made wards of Chancery. His estates in tbe ononty
of Cork, worth 12,0001. a year, bane been plead ender a
receiver. Mr. French, a sentlernas of property in the
minty, has been appriotad to the office, on the room-

mendatieu of Mrs. Lonifleld, mother of the minors.

Mr. Cardwell, to-morrow, will bring forward a
bill to provide for the anoexation of the territory of Midi
Koff raria to the Cape Colour.
Mr. Watkin intends on Friday to ask the Under-
&watery of State for Foreign Affairs whether Mr. Barsky
Rome is still is charge of the Embassy at Weshingtos,
and, if so, when her Majesty's Ambessador, Lord Lyons,
may be expected to resume his ditties.
On the 10th of March Mr. Arthur Mills pro-
poses to call the attention of the House of Commons to the
state of affairs in New Zealand. and to more an address to
the Crown on the @object of t►e war in that colony.

CAPITAL Pl:unman= CONIIIBBION. —A meeting
of the Capital Paalahcoset Coemiasieciers was held plater-

day, at which the Duke of Richmond, Lord Stanley, Mr.
Joshes O'Hapn, Mr. H. Waddiogtes, Mr. John Bright.,
M,P., Mr. W. Evart, /LP., Mr. G. Noah, ILP., Mr. G.
Ward Bunt, M.P., and Mr. Gotham Hardy, M.P., at-
tended. The secretary (Mr. J. H. Naimoli) was also
present.
THE WHAM= AND THE PASHA—The weather
during the last 24 hours has been somewhat variable.
From 9 o'clock mail 12 on Monday night there wen every
appearance of a rapid thaw settiegin, the thermometer key-
ing roe, up to 40. bet abortlyafter midoight the thermometer
fell to 5 degrees below freeziog point, at which it remained
during the night. At noon yesterday it stood at 30, the
freezing point, with • cold north-easterly wind. At dusk
, the wind considerably moderated, the thermometer re-
maining, however, at the above point, and continued so at
a late hour hat night. The round pond in Kamiogton-ear.
done and the ornamental water. in the parks were esthete
frusta over, and a large number of persons. despite the
warnings of the icemen, ventured mum it in the early part of
I the day, several of whom paid the penalty of immersion for
' their temerity, though no serious aceideot occurred. There
was oo lee whatever on the Serpentine, sad the water in
St. James's Park enclosure was only partially frossa over.
At the west mid several persons ventured upon it, and
tatiri:ems• dozen n
on brute thTbsrongiohlbnint wlueretim.speedlisymeggeugdvisisgiaby
I /Wm was tolerably fins and swum and a pest umber of
' nonimis were upon it daring the day without any 0001111104
having occurred.
THUM 07 A Lanai LlFlRDAT.—Yeetaretilt7 the
largest self-rightiog lifeboat ever built is this for
the National Lifeboat Institution, bad her harbour trial is
the Regent's Canal Doak, Lintehouso, la the presence of
some others of the navy sod army, sad gamy other pence&
The lifeboat, which is 40 feet long, was swami by means
of some tackling attached ban hydraulic mane. She im-
mediately self-righted, and the water the brought beck with
her was selfahoted in half • minute. Various other
es-
perhseets were rabosirtently made with the beat, and they
sII Traduced en waft satbfaelory Ths boas
h
eddied the " Van Kook," after Mr. R. W. Cooky, MA,
F.R.E4., the diellagoished marls, artist, who, handing Ids
own liberal centztbation of 9001., bee collected nearly the
whole motel Mas boat. isesoleting M 4001. Ilhe le fa be
stationed at North Deal, in the neighbourhood of the
Goodwin Ikeda, and leaves to-day for box station ia 'barge
of some at her am..

DEATHS OP CMILDIXV pstrosftra.
0011DNIWS
An inquiry was held blirlMlLlsmicastar at go
Vioesalrehrara. Lbaspastmed. hot
AMY el the IllegliMase ado add .f days 11.11.11,tht
ley, • deems* aerveat.
Jim lama Ilmallog. Wtedeeesseg
Charlotto Watboney was a serml la he
Wards, wermiog Saws ehe
She ma • istiletleasibrlai glel
Oa e, as rier
Mew. molog she tweed rat
all
Cull* M• lb* oddis" w. 41. l
It la tha Malt ia mei, •••64...
Nr. W. Smell, 1.1.0.5.. odd thet he
pelsommiaila Mod the dasi a* tho
is the gaides. Mose h lad bees mum. it se •
MU& well eveaspoL The 111111.1 VIM
It WY imprint, to slats the and mime~ le
them was a. 111011•111 wtl tb ald Medd ast ben gm I
• soadhal mW bat lama h adoedmse.
The ler, Mod that Ihe OM Medd he adjemssy
the meased was pent to miss stalmead la kaggirii•
The presmilags was
Da. unmoor then =4:6. Z:27Ttlis
tayses, Nagraliag the &ft dew,
Mild st Mba Oseeldne Novae.
. add Ike gai
NevilleWaa woe filiallerl • tilts s....yews el egai
had lived wilh him ea eadelost la bh limp (a taw, is
sow years met Oa Tetley wars* bo weed as ail
rem deer. wad as *NO was we meet lo
was la had. wad is "rid that all MS very 111. a, „ed
his sae lo tar. The mat he Maid Not a tab ea
aided ha MA
Muhl la bar hr.
Bo had hei as sospisim el he agi,
he
Dr. I. Labs odd OM • phi. al Me mss W ha*
room& the mak el the laisat. Them wes a sal Who
the loft aide el tho ask. TM Me maw he.,
twisted ohm' MN are Mb as has Uk be 111
adios adds et the Sagan es tho am se Y
had boss tightemi. He Mid the maw as ea•TWI
The etild bad bseallwL Dials mews hut Masa%
sad, sal Mar
PelimesseiabltiarmitTayiar. 311 N.. Mt rat Irma
bdo Min Novidee seam asd •••• amodoe• are
lemi • samdedesdl el babes Mass. ften
urea her why she did awl tell way mom Willie dam
alas .MyMed.
The Orreaer meld UM be matt Ohara lids me al le
the adowleme lha yeaag mum his the mid in
Moms&

MUM OP LIBEL 40.1111? TEI WM?
MM.

At s
it;ostreet_
es,
sad Ydshirdii MEI
Nair Di tie peklimees, sad lllRissa Sim
Fiske el lie Asthma Taus eiespeper, wipsiari
maws INNIMISsee• eletigleg Mum =lens
Jemmy, mad_ pis se lee Irarwy, es*
deammtary nag es Ns. Seassi Rale& lie ersebey d
Sow& Imam Railway.
Ir. Serasall lanestiae. baniotal by Kr. Freassia,
dueled tie prommilee.
The dolembals appetred la mess.
It seem the 6 • Mt Hamilles. • easekbader la row
Ream Oempsey. asseessbly dimpprome a the aim
of the diseeten a the msmmy. awl eialoally •
Mr. diefies. Ka bra ea several emeasee male yss
le*wi.~ Whisk have boss immortal is the Mara/ Far s
edvsemeste. and as sae easier be apolegimi d
W ants of preeseftp Wadi bed len tam spas
ow seems{ el elms ride. La*, beweves. lam
Tara apeassed. mimesis Mr. m Mai " peemitimi
mos &lamas perjary," sod wills MOW. ash* it
roped to tits male al • mead gala aie Rosa* sel
these Imam Isaias artistes were slam
Mr. Ditgar, am, mad that at ass tine he leartal
blot& be bad is spades Mat Kr. lamilies its
cam to this easel. that the easemis WOO Odd.*
es forth. Bat with reespese le the Wow XL baba
l e&
easpk
ose ed. a
he
wears"' easetaatly dopiesed
bed li,esd did masaps*
ia the el bleba
for the eiateelar at Mr. Salsa Inge he as
to by the ••111Abar M the esespeey, legeidftr Ht
Mashes, who aped the Wawa, see Mr. d
Veelaer, ke at mom replied I. the eilnestivq sd .hub
received ibis massoose theoshl he see stn ailed spa
to give evidases.
Kr. /kraut Baleaties said lid It Mt. I la
bass
be from reasieles aessed boa Wag
_pis
surprise, be was ash
s.
Rai so patsies Med it
him from that
lb. Mew said he did sot regret ea Irmas soma lb
did sot Wok mural meld have boss at say adsomaph
him. If the magistrate thought that Ise bed boas aii
sell walla the ma= a the kw, he gem MINN a elitekr
his warship's desiam.
Yr. rawer said he them& ea as as hams 11111116
dedly
Kr. Smassi Balsaiime said be had se wish be pa is
dasedsais M ea/ leeeesesiesee a tbe muter et 14 s
was sespeted that they WA bees Wawa by emir ;la
asstd. likeel ask tel megatiste as Wed thew sow Is
their own lose ose of 1601. sash le wear alit
trial at the OestralCriatisa Oesel.

-711;;;;;;sai;lasisassr-tiii-sii.
It me stated thai dr ilakedrals we Isar Agra
Mr. asps, In., twit se put is Os Mum MI
rmusised silent throversi the ptscomilap.

Fins AND ?TARIM, INCA, it.Teillerrisy
ahem Am Mists§ pest 1 eleiesk • ion test piste it
Gress llattsmetreet, Gessrellumd. is the ressmies d s
Km Nadeau. oolftehembreper. It wpm Wars
cabdriver, No. 12,140, sees peeks elms the Moth
Mend lore is the besemest, and st sees sere es shim le
the mooed floor se the .moll me blows mem hp lhe Moll
wied Kn. Rodeos the proprietress of the Mw,wllllll
her masindswee. Mort by het basis to the 4.
sed aUM farther o by
Mee, wed lea, mem* See
nosily for help. The fire had remind Me Mrs Ild
le her emilenseut she jumped hers the widow. Ane
who was standing below iamb se attempt S. Mk to
but failed, red abe fell epos sod severely Wend lr
Km fell, berreme, was Ms to sem Meet Isehmersi
she received very tritium iekerise. AU this Me Net al
sou was elissieg to the wiedoweill d Me hem lees
she was is the Set of failing M tbe gresed,Orellestor Mfg
strived with the Royal liosietfe maps. Be wee Milk
cheers from the crowd, sad the women was told If its reall
wait another mood she would be reseesi The In et al
time had reached her am sad amble" .al led Yeti
them terribly. In spite of this she kept held el MOM
work al the wisdoweill. mad Om, the medester, Wig
placed hi maim at the north ate el the Wig
mounted the mem bed Ward the usfortmets woo
fibs called ost, ' Oh. ray pm algid l" This MI Oho sm
duster is Imagism Mt the Shill bed hem Ws Me
in. and leotard of entryise Mrs. Redeye dm the WM
Ms put her rote the canvas boggles MI esesedeitimert
the mood floor, although Mire wee mess r.,
the make ao dense as to Missida AGM lb
lamp. lie saw • white object is the mem whirl' be sib
for. Upos rimless however, be lima thee it wm et,
• settee quilt. NHt. Wads( NM the gbi hell hiss he
behind, be repaired towards the Mk num tad
le itee bl
nearly laladids life, for Is tryies per
the smoke aid Gams be Mile( es mesh ii.brit
heated vapour that Mime he meld mesh Me is'
escape to set Men be was enema with skims st
window. A. soma my we raised by these but... Br
obeeriss of the crowd .owed to she lint fresh Omen IA
taking Mid of the GM el bis sees" he demened
h
safety. By this time the Olerheswell perish owes tel
arrived, soder the direction el Br. filnyerd. sell war
hL
lowed by surneems seems of the bripJ• aid Neel awl
and loess's bad steamers. Neel. the totem* of WSW
River Osinpes Miss perrieedthey draws the me* Ore
was Misty el wy, ater, bat Moss were math=
Are extiessished until the premises Wray
It is Mated tbe seism wee seinsered.
FATAL ZIPLOSION Or OAT lir Tin Union
Doess.—YeeMrdsy morn* • seder miens' of ge.
sullies is the immediate death of me MA ead
ervaral Mem, Mk plere at the Albert Dusk weediemes is
the Liverpool Dade. Ablest • quierterged is erisl
Mr. Edward Boma. wershonse4resper, of N.,eel
Depertssest, is the Albert wardress" • Ned
rage of letildMp, Miss received • report that tat Calib:
• stems smell el sea. or foal air cosies from the ow h
th• adjacent yard, drat szaallead chi, ragas at his
mot, and on Mats all right there Men wt with bt%
to the yard, and co applyior it I. the Iroe phis
the estrum to the rower an awful espleilsawinia
sos. As meow tom of e lame Mt sp to the
opfl 16 or 16 feat, sod blued for • few mw 4%
plum was blows Imo fragments, me el which ibs* IfiA
Bowes ea the heed. Ho fell twos his bee, .see mar tie
wagwaid.wimiliaadiatipaGri4jared,elanskrollitr. 'lll"tOwasistagshirceasidsrabidet•imps"/".... .01
yards, and his clothes were tarn. A tarter Is roe
of Mr. Bedewed was buret shoat the faimseed
tlso foam of tbeespleekoe. Thom Hellas& Jr/Myles
min, was blows menet the mei& well el the Mak
mme, without aim. Wary. Prate Lou • orirbig
ratedsp mid *child aide, end the Augers el me
were hurt. Jobs Bleadell wm severely shakes. TM POP
most was blow. up for • &steam of silty it eleA
yards, mid tr.; biomes oteartmi were 6:2;
to • ensiderablo edam. iterfateser wee
readend, said Kr. Bowes and Yr. Belmsers
were moneyed to the Maher. Bespilel. lob 1.1
former expired before he left tie deekyard. MAW It
&Wawa was promptly siceled thie other mhos, sod 163
moldered la • daagerons mate. 12. Bowes bed bOOO
the emplay el the Money Deis sod Harbour
ltd
1846 ; be was se serried masowitbest family. Is Is
•
airmailing@ is sonsmios with MU fatal espieshe
Mr. who lectured ea efeessisery. foL. bb
ihd
esuninge, hid armaged to deliver • Iseeme
at eel*
tl>rtlmYnsmiselmesta, Illtlamhsed. Led tbst
Lirrill& is bear his dm* sairomia
a Lid INmpoo, os ofpoololoodoot of the tomb
akin as 6 bo veal give gal Is the woo d w
dv respestlee isetsre. He was ID or 30 mod
tM
owl omit emposoo the
ll his fit.
Tan Oosnimnans laoiscirD aninwAss..-111
viral (lonorlylbp 01144 whisk ronsdgisrely Fri
has pas fats Clanass isaky. SW is
bowies four gem. woo of which aro hvesigimlafbillie
Her iris plates are four lathes is thiolcoss. AVM ••••
on, oro a amber of the Alabama's on.