The Express.
London, England, 1848-07-19 00:00:00

PA RL 1.4 MENTA RY DIVISION.

LiOU'IE OF COMMONS.— 141.7 M , Sice.' I)UTIER.
Proteins commlltee be favour of the following irsolutione : That '
in lieu of the duties of customs now chargeable:on the mtieles under-
mentioned, imported into the United Ralph., the following duties ,
shall be :barged, viz.: Spirits, or strong watersevery gallon of
such spirits or strong waters, of any strength not cmulvling the
strength of tumid by Sykes' hydrometer, cud rat in Fr:portion for
any greater or lees strength than the strength proof, and fur any
greater or low quantity than a piton. vit. : —Spirits, or stron •
waters, the produce of any British plantation in America, not being
sweetened spirits, or spirits mixed with any te title so that the
degree of strength thereof cannot be exactly ascertained by such
hydrometer, if imported into t:ngtunil (the gallon), Ms. Zit ; Scot-
land, 45.; Ireland, ;is. Rum, the produce of any British Ilsi.e.Bloll
within the limits of the East Irdtu Company's charter, not being
sweetened spirits, or spirits so mixed as ate...said, in regard to
which the comhtions of the act 4 Vie., c. s, have or &all have been
fulthled, if iintallted Otto England (the gallon), 24.; Scotland,
4a. ; Ireland. 3s. Rum Shrub, however sweetened, the prod
condi.uce of
and Imported from such poweastorts, in regard to which the
lions of the art I Vie. c. a. had or shall have Well !Killed, or the
produce of or imported from any British pos.ension in Am
inll d,
erica,
imported into England (the gallon). no. AL; U.; an
3e.—Ayes, 1 ; Noes, 37.
AYES.
Abdy, T. N. Ebrington. Vim. Jervis, Sir J. RAKE!, Sir J.
Anson, Iln. Col. Elliot, Him. J. E.Labouchere, It. Rurnbold, C. E.
Arks-right, O. limns, sir D. L. Lacy. It. C. Russell, Loral J.
Armstrong, IL 14Fitagerald, W. R.Lascelles, 11n. W Rutherford, A.
Baines, M. T. Fitzroy, Hon n. Lewis, %LC. 'Surdas% J.
Itarkly, I Foley, .1. 11. 11. Littleton, lion. E.Scholelteld, W.
Baring, Si.
ir FT. Freestun, Col. Lockhart, A. F- /ironer, 11. K.
Bellew, It XL Frewen, C. 11. Mackinnon, W. Shelburne, Earl
Berkeley, Cant. Glyn, G. C. Marshall, J. G. Si 1111•011, .1.
Birch, Sir T. It. Godwin, R. Kellerman, J. *mien ille,
Bowiicir, Or. Goulburn, 11. Matheson, Cot. Speartiom,
Boyle, lion. Col. Graham, Sir J. Mmle, Itt. lin. F.Tolbot, C. R. K.
Itruckmun, E. D.Greene, T. Miles, P. W. S. Thickness, R. A.
Bretherton, J. Grey. Sir G. Milner W.M.E. Thompson, OK
Browri, W. Grey, It. W. Morpeih, Vise. Thornely, T.
Buller, C. Grosvenor. Lal IL:Morns, D. Turner, 0.1.
Cardwell, E. Hall, Sir It. Mostyn, lln.E.M.Tynte,
Carew, W. 11. P.llallyburton, Isl Ogle S.C. 11. Willcox, B.
Cavendish, C.C. Ilardurstle, J. A. p.RA, Lord C. Willilllllll, J.
Chililere, J. W. Mastic, A. Paget, Lord G. Willuughby,Sirll
Compton, lI.C. Hawes, IL Palmerston, ViS. Wilson, J.
Cowper,lln.W.E.llsyter, W. G. Parker, J. Wilson, M.
Craig, Sr. G. henry', A. Fatten, J.
%V. Wood, Sir C.
Dashwood, G. 11.1lervey, Lord A. PecluU, Ca,,t. Wood, W. P.
Deciles, W. Heywood, J. Pigott, F. Wylit,
J.
Douglas, Sir C. F.llobhouse, Sir J. Pilkington, J. Wyvill,
Duckworth, SirJ.llubhouse, T. It. Pinney, W. er.1.1.110.
Penult, J. Howard, C.W.G.Raphitel, A. Tanen. Mr.
Dundas, Admiral Howard, Iln.J.K.lticardo, O. Itich, Mr.
Dundee., Sir 0. Howard, P. It. Rice, E. it.
NOES.
Angie', T. C. Duncan, Ingnstre, Vise. Scully, F.
ArcluLdl, Capt. Fagan, W. Jowm, L%ipL SibMorp, Col.
Italdmk, E. It. Elope, J. TPI (rotor. J. Mart, 11. G.
Bentinek, Id. CAA's, It. M. Mennen, W. Sullivan, XI.
Butler, P. S. Galway, Vise. Roney., Str D. Taylor, T. V.
Call .Khan, D. theme, Nugent, stir P. Tyrell, hir .1. T.
Chichester, laird Grogen, E. O'Connell, M. J. Wad :ington, IL
Cole, lion. 11. llalrey, T. P. Reynold., J.
Crawford, W. S. Hayes, Sir F.. tiadlcir, J. Ilitsteh, Mr.
Devereuz, J. T. Herbert, IL A. Scott. Hon. P. Dunne, Cot.

- -
DCBLIN ELECTION COMMITTEE, TESTERDAT.—An
on the preceding day legal arguments took up the entire
titling.
- -

the erpregifi.

The overland mail. for Gibraltar, Malta, Greece, the lonian Wand.,
Egypt, Aden, Ceylon, Indie, Hong-Kong, and China, riu South:ion.-
ton, will be made up the morning of the loth July.
The mails for liriti4h North Anwrica, tool the United States,
will be mute up on the evening of the 21. t July.
The overland elo.,ed mail., ria Marreille., to the Mediterranean,
Egypt, Aden, Ceylon, India, Hung-Kong, I. e., will be made up on the
evening t if the 24th July.
The mail. for Vigo, linnet°, Li.bon, Madeira, Cadiz, and Gibraltar
will be node up on the morning of the 2lth July.
The mad. for New South Wale., Van theme. Land, and New
Zealand will be mole up on the evening of the :MA July.
The mails to
the Went Ozent of Africa and Madvirn will be made
op on the evening of the 21/4 July.
The Went Intim Muds, including Permutla, Nantem, Havanna,
Windom., New Orleans, Vern Cruz, Tampieo, and Porto Woo, and
excluding thute for Madeira, Joemel, Carthagen Santa Martha,
Chagre., Panama, Wert Coast of South Antenca, and St. Juan-de.
Nicaragua, will be nude up on the morning of the lnd August.
The I Imiitt Inc the Brazil% the Itiver Plate, *tote Video, Pernam-
buco. Labia, Madeira, and Bueno. Ayres, will be made up on the
evening of the 4th August.

NOTICE TO ADVEIVTIBEES.
Tue number of STAMPS issued by the authorities of the
Stamp-office, during 1847, to the
DAILY NEWS was 3.447.009
This, we believe, is within eight per cent. of the numbee
osued to the .I.iurning !Jerald, Yarning ad.:
Vormng I'M, ALL PUT TOOETHEIL
In addition to th.• share, issued to tire DAILY NEWS,
Ifc.rniteg Paver, there were issued for the Eveptial tideion,
TUR E Xl' YiY.SS 770,714
Which was ►.tore, we believe, then were Issued r to
•he (are o► Mondani, 6•c"iny Papers.

MIU 14 VI ATV tt AT 1.0..1.i1h 61411,0 K.
Tele 11,4 v —Mug ohs,. 52 mat.. 4.1. 3 Allnn. I ~per
4.
To.ounsum—hlors.,, 31 mla pot 4. totavn...4 5l m c. put 4.

LONDON,IVEDNES DA Y, JUL Yl9
IN the House of LonDs yesterday the subject re-
cently referred to in the House of Commom, as to the
importation of diseased sheep from the north of
Europe, was brought ander con ideration by the Duke
of ItteirmoND, the Marquis of LANSDOWNE replying
that every precaution was taken for the purpose of
preventing diseased animals being admitted by the
custom-house officers. Under existing arrangements
ill imported sheep were inspected by. vete' inary sur-
geons, and were subjected to quarantine regulations;
but he was not prepared to say that an order in coun-
cil might not be necessary to stay the evil of
which the noble duke complained, or which due le-
gislative notice would be given.—Lard Ihronunem
complained that a gentleman connected with the
Board of Trude, who was al-o understood to be the
editor of a wen kly journal, had been enabled to pub-
lish a public document noi.. communicated to the other
papers ; but, after an explanation from Earl GRAN-
var,N, which the noble Gnd learned lord considered
perfectly satisfactory, the subject dropped.—Lord
WiIARNCLIFFIS presented a petition from the mer-
chants, bankers, and traders of the metropolis, praying
for the conaitheation and amendment of the bank-
ruptcy laws, which, after some observations from
Lord Ileouctrtm and the LORD Cinecehhort, was
referred to the committee sitting on that subject, and
their lordships adjourned.
In the House of Comatoes, which met at twelve
o'clock, Lord GEORGE BENTINCK gave notice that he
should move in committee on the Sugar Duties Bill,
that on sugar or molasses the growth and produce of I
any foreign country, and on all sugar or molasses not
otherwise charged with duty, for the descending I
scale of duties respectively proposed in the bill on
" candy, brown, or white double-refined sugar, or
sugar equal in quality to double refine?, for every
cwt., —;" "and on other refined sugar, or sugar
renered by any process equal in quality
thento, for every cwt, —;'' to substitute
a fixed duty of 1/. 16s. on the first
class, and of 1/. 12s. Gd. on the second class,
of the above sugars.—The question of going into
committee on the Highways Bill led to a debate and
a division, when the motion was carried by majority
of 51, the numbers 88 to 34. The committee had
made little progress with the bill when Capt.
I'ECIIELL moved that the chairman do report pro-
gress, which was egreed to, and the house resumed
and adjourned until a o'clock. At that hour, when
the house requires to be re-made by the presence of
'0 members, only 31 were counted, and it stood ne-
cessarily adjourned until this day.

THE more reasonable class of the opponents of re-
form do not attempt to defend the present constitu-
tion of parliament by any very confident appeal to its
fruits ; they find little to say in recommendation of
the sort of government, or the sort of governors, which

unable
Ildarebeat
give urtattbet talg
mended by giving a more democratic character to the
popular branch of the legislature. The fault, they
say, is in the country itself ; in the national education;
Voirpersuadnto ttge
in the state of the public mind ; not in the constitu-
tion of parliament. If our statesmen are without
ideas and without purposes, weak, passive, opinion-
less; if they have neither head nor heart to face the
difficulties of any great question ; it they rarely
aspire to leave any of the larger interests of the
people they profess to govern in a better condition
than they found them ; this is not (in the opinion of
some persons) the fault of the men, so much as of
the age and country, which have not produced better
men, or have produced them only as scattered,
obscure individuals, quite as likely to be overlooked
by a numerous constituency as by a narrow
one. If the classes who now rule in par-
liament are so deficient in the qualities which
should belong to rulers, do the masses possess them ?
The knowledge, the vigour of intellect, the freedosh-
m
from prejudice, the judgment undivided by selfi
ness or partiality, which we so deeply deeiderate in
the rich and high-born, do we find them in the poor?
That clear-sighted justice and high-minded generosity,
combined with practical resource, which the times
demand—without which this great transitional pe-
riod in opinions and institutions may be lengthened
out in fruitless oscillations—what reason have wo to
flatter ourselves tleit these endowments, which we
seek vainly among our so-called educated classes,
will be found in the untaught delegates of the factory
and the workshop ? Is it not much, and more than
we can expect, if those for whom society has done
nothing, prove no worse than those on whom it has
lavished all its means of instruction and improve-
ment?
This objection assames, as the natural and intended
effect of popular institutions, that the crude opinions
and unguided instincts of the working classes would
be the directing power in the state. We have. no such
expectation from any extension of the franchise.
Reformers have always maintained, and the
examle of France is now before us to show, that
viewsp of things taken from the peculiar position of
the working classes are not likely to predominate, or
to have at al more than their just influence, even in a
legislature chosen by universal suffrage. After a re-
volution made by workmen, not twenty =embers in
an assembly of nine hundred are working men.
Scarcely in our own parliament do opinions with any
semblance of an anti-property character meet
with a more hostile reception; and it is evident
that the errors of the assembly are more
likely to be on the side of conservatism than of revo-
lution. Then what has France gained, it may be
asked, or what would England gain by the admission
of the working classes to the franchise ? A gain be-
yond all price, the efliwts of which may not show
themselves in a day, or in a year, but arc calculated to
spread over and elevate the future. This gain does
not consist in turning the propertied classes out of the I
government and transferring it to the unpropertied,
but in compelling the propertied classes to carry it on
in a manner which they shall be capable of justifying
to the unpropertied.
Grant but a democratic suffrage, and all the con-
ditions of government are changed. Whoever may
be the rulers, the interest of the great mass of the
community must then stand foremost among the
actuating principles in the conduct of public affairs.
The legislature must from that time make both the
real and the apparent interests of the moat numerous
AMAMI an object of incessant solicitude; and when-
ever it does things which are opposed to those appa-
rent interests, it must defend them by reasons drawn
from the interests of those same classes, and appeal-
ing to their understandings. The consequences of
this would be incalculeble. The discussions of par-
liament and of the press would be, what they ought
to be, a continued course of political instruction for
the working classes. Let those classes be es ignorant,
prejudiced, .passionate as any one may choose to
represent them ; let them be full of all sorts of pre-
possessions agaiest property and order—those aho
are interested in property and order would feel all the
more strongly that their safety depended on en-
lightening that ignorance, prejudice, and passion.
One of the first measures of the democratic govern-
ment of France has been a bill to bestow gratuitous
education, at the expense of the state, upon the whole
rising generation of the French people. Where the
poorest have votes, the richest can no longer be in-
I different to the state of their mental cultivation. To
educate the whole community up to the highest point
attainable is not then a matter of choice but of fortu-
nate necessity.
This, however, is only one, and the most obvious, of
the benefits which would mite from making the
labouring masses a great power in the state. Nothing
can be imagined which would tend so much to regene-
rate the intellectual vigour of the classes, who are now
letting the powers of government perish in their hands
from mere mental feebleness. Every one who knows
history or the human mird is aware, that powerful in-
tellects and strong characters are formed by conflict,
and that the times which have produced brilliant de-
velopments of mental accomplishment in public sta-
tions have been those in which great principles and
important social elements have been fighting each
other hand to hand—times of struggle for national
independence, political freedom, or religious emanci-
pation. The present age'also is an age of struggle
between conflicting principles svhics it is the work of
this fine, and perhaps of many generations
more, to bring into a just relation with one another,
The conflict now going on is between the instincts
and immediate interests of the propertied classes and
those of the unpropertied. This opposition of inte-
rests—partly meal, partly only apparent—is at present
the grand difficulty of government. All other ques-
tions with which governments have yet begun to
occupy themselves, are difficult chiefly by their con-
nexion with this. Now, of those two opposing forces
—neither of which can be disregarded, neither of
which can or ought to triumph over the other, but
which it is the grand business of government to
attempt to reconcile—one only is represented in the
British parliament. The ministry, be it what it may,
exclusively represents t...e propertied classes; and
the two houses of parliament aro unanimously on
the same &de of the quest on as itself. It has
to make out a case to the sutistuction solely of its
own party. The murmurs of the other party it only
hears at a distance, and is under no greater necessity
of attending to them than the cabinet of a despot.
There are no recognised organs for that other power,
no way in which it can show itself aboveground, and
the extent of its subterrancons working will therefore
only be known when some day, AS at Vienna, it ex-
plode a and blows up the whole fabric of society.
Is it not of old one of the principal and acknow-
ledged uses of parliament, that all which agitates and
divides society should make itself felt by a correspond-
ing agitation and division there? Ought notparliament
to be the place of discussion for adverse interests and
principles, the arena where opposing forces should meet
and fight out their battle, that they may not find
themselves reduced to fight it in a less pacific field?
If so, the British parliament does not fulfil its office ;
for the vital question with which all Europe rings,
and whicti fills every thinking mind, both in Et.gland
and on the continent, with anxiety—the question how
to make the rights of property acceptable to the unpro-
pertied classes, is unheard of in that assembly, which
it ought more than anything else to occupy ;
and the subjects which engross parliamentary de-
bates, compared with the great and urgent interests
of the nation, form a contrast as full of irony, as
the Byzantine multitude occupying itself wits the
factions of the circus when ArritA was at their gates.
So it will be until the rulers of the country have to
meet face to face in parliament the representatives of
those interests and feelings of which they arc now
ignorant, or from which they supereihously turn aside.
They have to learn the difficult but necessary act of
looking at established institutions and opinions from
the point of view of those who are not on the sunny
but on the shady side of the social edifice. Defects by
which other people alone suffer are seldom seen until
the sufferers point them out. When the unpropertied
are fairly represented in the House of Commons, their
just claims will, for the first time, obtain a really im-
partial hearing, and their unreasonable demands will,
also for the first time, be so resisted as not to leave a
stinging sense of injustice behind.

Tim latest, and to the earnest and indomitable host
who every morning invade the City the most interest-
ing example of revolution, is the re-action in Capel-
court. In three weeks consols have risen five per
cent. In the space of a month the sinister influences
of half a year have apparently been cleared away.
The confident hopes of April have suddenly
emerged from the cloud which obscured them during

May and June, and if a concurrence of prospe.—
symptoms constitutes the fact of prosperity, it would
be difficult to prove that at the present moment we
are not a thriving people.
But if we accept so agreeable a conclusion,
let us bo sure that it has a broader and
a safer foundation than the strength of nerve, or
the vagaries of fancy, which may happen to
animate the gigantic Bulls and Bears of Bartholomew-
move in sympathetic but scarcely in parallel channels,
and the event is too recent to permit us to forget that
the attainment of consols to par was contemporaneous
not with a prosperous industry, but with a plethora of
capital—not with a demand for work, but with a de-
mand for mortgages. The lucky speculators who pa-
-1 terday sold at 89 the commodity they bought at 8.1
arc beholden for their good fortune to a somewhat
similar cause. The recipients of the dividends can
meet with no encouragement in Lombard-street ; and
the very people who i n the dark days of last October were
earnest suppliants for money at 12 per cent. are now
with difficulty persuaded to undertake the charge of
it at little more than 2. In this country, the great
refuge of the destitute rich is the national debt. When
merchants have no bills to discount because they have
no business to transact, and landowners have no
drains to dig nor debtors to discharge which they can-
not readily achieve through the country paper, the only
haven for provident pensioners, courts of law and in-
surance directors, is to bid against each other for an
additional fraction of that fabulous possession which
apparently has been created for their especial conve-
nience and the dismay of financial reformers. In
dull and 'regnant times a rise of the funds
is anything but a propitious symptom;
and wo repeat that if, at this moment, ne
could discoverdiscoverno, sounder reason for satisfaction than
the recent events ou the stock exchange, we should
regard the conjuncture as better suited for warning
than congratulation.
To those whom business or taste has led to observe
with minuteness the course of commercial affairs
during the last three or four months, it has been evi-
dent that, with the fulfilment of ono or two main
conditions, the revival of trade was essentially a question
of time. The conversion of the domestic anarchy of the
continental kingdoms into a state of international war
would have delayed but would not have prevented the
return of activity among the people of these islands.
The occurrence of another year of famine within the
limits of our esti shores, or extensively within any
portion of that sphere which we habitually fill, would
have restrained much more effictually the advent of a
brighter season. As the facts stand at present, both
these contingencies have been resolved in our favour.
The disorganisation of every industrial system, from
the Sound to the Straits of Gibraltar, could not easily
be more complete than it is. But hitherto the ope-
rations of a neutral and more happily circumstance
people have not been impeded by the suspicions and
the impedimenta of actual hostilities. Berlin
has been deserted by its brokers ; Lyons has
no longer a silk weaver ; and Germany has sent
us no small part of its capital and its skill. At the
present moment these violent chancres are beginning
to produce their effect. The people of the continent
have not discarded their taste for Manchester cottonsi
and Birmingham hardware osthey have discarded their
ancient order of polities. They consume not so much I
certainly as before, hut their wants are still consider-
able, and it is assuredly the fact that throughout
Christendom there is only one quarter from whence
these wants can be supplied. It is a most egregious
fallacy to infer an extinction of trade from a state of
warfare. In 1809 we exported more goods to the
continent of Europe than to all the other countries of
the world put together. The forty years which
have elapsed since that notable crisis have
not accomplished many changes more full of
significance ;than the gradual redistribution of our
export trade. Our manufacturing pliulation no
longer depend upon the casualties of European for-
tune. We have raised up an empire in Asia, and we
have planted colonies in Australia and across the
Atlantic, which now absorb of themselves as vast a
volume of enterprise and wealth as then found vent
within the entire limits of the continent ; and it is not a
presumptuous opinion to suppose that at no great dis-
tance of time the relative as well as the positive mos.-
Initude of these two sources of demand--comparing
past and present—will be alike. As we now stand,
the export trade to the colonies absorbs 28 per cent.,
and the export trade to Europe absorbs 38 per cent.,
of the gross results of our foreign outward commerce.
It was the sudden and extensive suspension of so
large a part of this 38 per cent. of our experts which
rendered the opening months of 1818 so emphati-
cally a period of depression. The collapse was as
'sharp and decisive as the extraordinary events which
produced it. It was not a diminution; it was an
extinction for a time. Men did not buy one yard
instead of four. They ceased to buy altogether. This
state of things is now disappearing, and hence our
improved condition.
If the army of the Alps was to be admitted into
Italy by the success of RADF.TSKI there might be •
sudden, but it would only be a temporary, reaction.
A nation cannot long be idle which happens to be the
only emporium from whence mankind can assuage their
hunger and clothe their nakedness.
There still remains the problem of the ha. vest; and
we arc much more solicitous as to the solution of this
uncertainty than of any other. It certainly would
be h zardous to affirm that there are no reasons
for apprehension. But this is not the first
nor the fortieth time that the material welfare
of the British people for at least a twelvemonth
hung upon the fickle range of the barometer and the
inexplicable alternations of solar heat. If we pass
through this dilemma without damage we may con-
gratulate ourselves for the surest re.a.ons, for mankind
arc beginning. to discover that the moat gigantic na-
tional calamities are the calamities of dearth.
Tnere is something to be said to the dogmatical
party who ascribed all the events of last year to the
absorption of capital in railways; but that something
must be said another time.
the I

To Tlle NIEMOIRR OP THE BRITI,aI GOVIIILNMEN—
In accordance with the sentiments unammonslyexpressedee
a meeting of the English workmen, convened for that
pose in the English church at St. Pierre Its ClilliP.()a-thi;
day, March 21, 1848, the following memorial is respectfully
presented to your lordships. The object of your memorial.
fists is to direct your attention to the singular arid *del
circumstances in which they are placed by th, harm
which hue been effected in the government of this ate.—
The present state of money affairs in this c,„4
added to the entire want of confidence in the P -
4-h
mind, has reduced trade in es ery de p artteer tto
a perfect stand, and consequently left your atema
rialtsts without the means of obtaining a live..
for themselves and families; it is, also, with
regret they feel it their duty to inform your lordihips tkat•
recent events have c Iled forth feelings of a h•stile c ars&
ter on the part of the French towards the English, wlu'ee
aa
hoped had long cased to exist, thus rendering our poeigau
0110 of both insecurity and destitution. We, thErefore,
fire.
piece you, as the rulers of the country which gave 11l birth,
to take our care into your serious and immediate eotsiden
tion. Gloomy as are cur prospects here we nil elsoricesa
that our return to England would present no brielrer
"
tare, as from the paralyeed state of trade there it bold, oat
not the slightest hope of our obtaining employment, ff:
th. refore, we return to England, it will be with the rer"
lain prospr et of becoming a burden to our Collatryrnetl. Safi
inmates of the already too overerovreed werkh
Raving, there:ore, put you in possestion of the above heti
we take the liberty of suggesting the following plus by
which you can render us effectual a.siestince. Tee ph:, A
propose is emigration to one of the British colonies (South
Australia preferred), where workmen are scarce and labour
wanted, our experience here having shown us the great
advantage they possess who live under the protection on the
British government. We, your niemorialiets, pledge oar.
*elves to be men of g -cid moral eherseter and nothadrimo
habits, in the full possession of health and strength, and aye
whose feelings revolt at the idea of becoming & burden le
their native land. lf, therefore, you can provide us with
means of free emigration we shall cheer„ ally see, ',tem,
accept them; but if, uufortunately, is not in your Imre,
to grant our request on these condi ions, we are quite eating
to enter into en engagement to refund a part or whole of the
expense incurred, alter our arrival, in any way which yeti is
your discretion may think fit. Should 'the prayer of you
memorialists he granted you will confer a benefit upon
body of men who will in after lite look back wish heartfelt
gratitude te those who now rule the destinies of their native
land.—Signed on behalf of the meeting.
At the moment of the receipt of this interesting
document a committee of nohlemen and gentlemen
was forming in London to afford assistance to the
British workmen, refugees from France, who might
arrive destitute upon their native shun. s. Lord po,
MERSTON, we believe, sent the memorial of the Cala
workmen to that committee, with an arearance that
should they be able to assist these unfortunates,
the government would be glad to co-operate.
On the same night that this memnrial was received
the committee despatched to Calais a geutlttnanin
whom they placed confidence with instructior.s to me
the workmen and report respecting them. This ges-
I Semen called the workmen together, ad on tie re-
I turn reported to the committee and tie government
all the circumstances connected with them. As it sp.
peered that a very large proportion were natty,' GI
Nottingham, who, if forced to return to England,
would be legally chargeable to that parish, the arse
gentleman was forthwith despatched to that town with
credentials from the ll,me-office and the committee,
and instructionsto lay the facts before the principal
inhabitants. The mayor of Nottingham immediately
I called a meeting upon the subject ; and although in
I consequence of the depressed state of the locality some
difficulty was at first felt in rai-ing a local seibserip
tion, yet the claims of humanity and township pre.
I railed, and nearly GOO/. was collected to assis the
committee in London in sending these poor Calais
workmen to another scene of labour.
The committee, thus encouraged, set themselves
energetically. to work. Arrangements were made
with the Emigration Board. The excellent consul at
Calais, Mr. BONHAM, devoted his entire leisure
I to the arduous duty of preparing many hundred
almost destitute people for a six months' voyage.
Local committees, to provide outfits, were formed by
the British residents at Calais and Boulogne.
Steamers were sent by the government to bring the
people to the liver, and since April we believe that
between SW and 900 of these emigrants have been
despatched from the Thames to Sydney, Port Phillip,
and (a few) to Adelaide.
It was from one of the ships thus freighted
that those heartfelt shouts proceeded which we have
described as awakening the Gravesend echoes. A
deputation from the committee lied visited the vessel
—had inspected all her arrangements—had satisfied
themselves that We emigrants were suitably and com-
fortably provided—and had ad.'ressed them a few
farewell words of consolation for t!,e past, and cheer-
,n advice as to the ,uture. That such words
did not fall on heedless or unprofitable care,
will be felt by all who read the following
affecting address subscribed by the emigrants' com-
mittee, and forwarded to those through whose exer-
tions these poor people have been rescued from prim-
Lion in a foreign land, to become, as we hope and con-
fidently believe, useful and succe‘sful labourers in
new scene of enterprise and energy :
My Lards,—Being about to take what may perhaps he
a final leave of our native land, we take this opportunity of
convening to et who have assisted in the rod work, our
heartfelt thanks fix your truly. noble conduct towards as.
Situated as we were in a foreign land, where a paralysed
trade and a total loss of public confidence, the inevitable era
sequences of revolution and dia•reb r, hal reduced us to t
state of fearful destitution, God only knows wiiat might bats
been our fates, had not your lordships, with that g nevem
promptitude which characterises the gentlemen of England,
.7,annotgedfrtoomustyhoeucor assistance.seiousn.. Woefk
havingttotha.
.nt(titohrenee,fele,glidoodi;asbseuhit ot
will to natures such as yours be a sutfidi.
this te assured,that as we shall leave this country full of hops
for the future, 11-) >hall we leave it with hearts that will be
tilled with gratitude towards you till they canoe to brat. We
hope and trust that it will please the Great Disposer of ell
things to grant you long and harpy lives ; and, midst the
fierce conflicts that are shaking society to is fooadatio
in neighbouring states, that He may preserve to old
England the inestimable blessings of peace and p:enty.
The kind treatment we have met with during eur ',nen so
journ on board, has but furnished us with anoth,r proof of
your generosity, and given additional strength to that tweet
home which previously existed in our hearts; and whew
ever mar be our future lot, the welfare of oar native had,
and the 'happiness of there who ruleher,iesdoles,willsew
he the wish d prayer of a little band wbiree ',rimiest boot
will be to ray that your kindness hu not heels bestowed

WE arc loud enough in clamour and in coot eel as
to what ought to b.: done, eveelully of late, in the
matter of emigration. We are not sufficiently
careful or grateful to record what has been done;
although example is much better than advice, and
an experiment made than an experiment proposed.
The public have heard, no doubt, of the unfortunate
workmen driven front France, deprived at once of
their future livelihood and past earnings. It has Lot
been told bow those workmen have been rescued from
debt itution.
It was our fortune to witness the accomplishment of
this on the crowded decks of a large vessel, which
floated slowly down the Thames amidst the loudest and
moat joyous acclamations of those on board. Those as
were a tribute of gratitude poured forth in
honour of the gentlemen of the committee who had
freighted the vessel with oir countrymen expelled
from France, and 'cot thrill on their way to indus-
trious livelihood in an English colony. Amongst the
gentlemen of the committee who crowded in the bark
we could mark the countenances of Lord ASULEY and
Mr. DAVID SAIXIMONS, the Christian and the Jew,

LORD DALMENY has published a pamphlet, in
which he declares himself not contented with the
sanitary ends of the day. Purify the it and pump
up water as you will (says his lordship) you cannot
give health to the slothful citizen. The operative
works, the gentleman sports, but your mitidle.class
man sits in his easy chair, a prey to the apothecary.
The consequence (says Lord: DaLatENT) is a terrible
depression of the spirits of the middle class of
England. "We are the wisest, the. greatest,
but the saddest nation in the world." Young
England permiced this radical defect some
years ago, and proposed a renovation of
old English games and pastimes. Bat men
no more than boys can be made to play; and the
sphere of jollity and amusements has rather dimin-
ished than increased since the appearar.ce of that
ephemeral sect.
Lord DALSIENT now proposes to endow every town
with a gymnasium. And he strongly approves of the
early-closing movement, in order that oung gentle-
in trade should have leisure to bestow not ca

united in the work of charity, though it is denied men iu
them to unite in the task of ligislation. their minds but their muscles; not in lecture-rooms
To return to the emigrants : this body of artisans and athentenms, but in fencing establishments and
were chiefly natives of Nottingham and its vicinity, gyranaistic exerciaee.
who years ago had settled at Calais, Lisle, His lordship's delineations and counsels especially
and St. Quentia, and engaged themselves in I relate to the middle classes. The following is Ins
the manufactares of those places, which by their flattering account of them:
skill and industry they had very considerably im- I This is pre eminently an age of intellectual activity and
proved, whilst for some of the departments they • physical sloth. We lye an the mind ;we eased
had earned almost a continental celebrity. By the I enlarge and strengthen. its
recent events which have afflicted France, their trade 1 every process by which we can e
IWewsetrizitletest(i'trewi'tlitwEoithelacts'enri
wecilltalitrilitzieconneeterglaattint
became paralysed, and a few months ago hundreds of Borate it by logic.it We e wuT4g it for ethereal fights, or nerve
our fellow-countrymen settled in the places we have it for the slow labour of patient investigation,but we forget
suffer to become the victim of languor and the prey of disease.
named found themselves not only thrown entirely the demands ot its humble associate the body, which al
out of the means of subsistence by the stoppage of
the works, but exposed (at least at Lisle and St. We question altogether the increased intellectual-
Quentiu, for the Calais people were numerous ligation of our middle classes. We deny that the age
enough to protect themselves), to the rancorous fury is either stimulated with poetry or invigorated by
of a French mob. The course which these poor people logic in any greater degree than it was halt a century
pursued exhibits the energy of the British character ago. Indeed there never perhaps was a period in
in a very remarkable point of view. They made in- which both logic and poetry were at so immeasurable
quiries, in the first place, as to the state of trade at a discount. If our middle classes are sad and
Nottingham and in other parts of England. A ma- our upper class dyspeptic, we deny that this
jority of them were satisfied that nothing except proceeds from excess of either knowledge or of
personal safety was to be gained by returning to thin wisdom. For if we regard our popular literature, car
country. They then assembled at the Besse Ville at drama, our philosophies, or our histories, can see td
Calais, and appointed a committee to manage their all come to the conclusion that England, in
Ins
case. The committee interested the British consul, middle of the nineteenth century, is suffering from
the British chaplain, and two or three influential over-activity of intellect or plethory of mind ?
British residents at Calais in their proceedings, and We doubt, too, if ever there was a period in which
the first-mentioned public functionary undertook to our middle class took more air and exercise, and were
lay before the government any representation the more attentive to their health. What was the life of
workmen might address to him. On the 2lst of a London citizen half a century back ? He never
March the following memorial, signed by the coin- emerged, exoept of a rare Sunday, from