The Express.
London, England, 1856-09-02 00:00:00

2, 1856.

riMIS his dudes es direstmieseral at cavalry.
Other dooms anew deserations ea or maks prom. ,
time of palish sad Naomi,. Tha Epee, a tomb
feel organ, says s—s Some *Awls think it mire-
ordinary that the decree for ilia desolation at the
Coostituest Cartes has not yet been published. We
believe that there is no %mire for feeling surprise.
Whatever may be the political oinstitutica which,
may be adopted is Spain, it will be established
naturally, like thora el 1837 and 1846—that is to
my, that the parliament being dissolved, new Coates
will be oowtokr:i within three meths ; and it is poo
aiblet slut ma probable, that the 'wormiest of her
Nielest7, daubing that the elections for them shall be
made sites these of the saankipalities sad provincial
deratatieue, hie eslodated that the latter emus*
place before the mouth of November. However,
Ire believe that the sOlitial of slaloms must by this
the* bate delleidvely solved the great political sad
fundamental questions which an pending, and that
It is not doubtful that it manta, in order to cony
them into exmatics, on the contuse* and approbe.
tics of the crown."

TIN marriage el Prim Adalbset and the Infanta
Amelia, cousin elf the Queen of Spain. was Mewed
by a splendid burnt, to whisk mon than ass han•
died distinguished personages wars invited, The
ministers, the emenbere of the corps dipioiastivie, and
the authorities el Madrid, IMO present. The Queen
has expressed her satisfaction at the homages which
have been addressed to her cousin from ail aides. The
newly-marlin couple, before proceeding to Germsny,
are to visit Toledo and other cities of Spin Ike
Queen ham placed a itinerans retinue at their dis-
poni), who will accompany them as far u Bavaria.

(moil •

The mactionary journals urge the Cabinet to
administer the government without convening the
Corte, and to have the provincial deputies and the
communal cumin nominated by the Captain, •
CienereL; The moderate and advanced Progressist
journals, on the contrary, demand that there should
be general onetime. Although the different parties
are accustomed to est forth the principles which they
respectively profess, in order to justify their political
position, you are aware that an opinion is moat stoutly
advocated, when it is thought likely to promote the
particular interest of the party ; and in this point
of view, the relative attitudes, with regard to this
question, assumed by the several journals, will
suffice to show what they have to hope or to fear
from the elections. The information obtained by
the Central Committee (moderate Progressist and
pare Prognosis% is each as to guarantee their
triumph in all quarters, whatever may be the elec-
toral law preferred by the Cabinet, whether the
law of 1837 at that of 1847. The Moderadoe, who
are pretty well-informed also on their part, will not
hear any elections even talked about ; and if snob
be the state of the public mind in Spain, it is not by
any exciting appeals of the press that it has ken
produced; to the system of suppression maintaised
at Madrid has been followed universally throughout
Spain. I might instance anis, where the civil
governor has written to a journalist that
he must abstain from criticising the act.
of the authorities, and that he must not publish
his journal till after he had received an satherleation,
when the paper is at peels, for each pardoner nun
bar, proof copies of which were to be sent to the go •
menu two hours previously. An article was lately
contributed by Bizto Camara. from Careens, to the
.desociecion, which has been eionsequently seized.
The writer, whom I have named, announces that he
is about to return to Madrid, to take the editorship
of the Soberosiies, a democratic journal, which would
seem to initiate that the present rifle«, la ezpected
to come before nag ; for, otherwise, the articles
written by Bizto Camara would be seised every day.
The mania of governing by ordonnauce, and in an
arbitrary fashion, has demanded from the cabinet to
every little official authority. For example, the
Board of Health at *dap, not satisfied with putting
a quarantine upon all the vessels that come from
Ca:, has just, of its own authority, declared Buenos
Ayres to be inhaled. aid has placed the communi-
cation with La Philo maw ea interdict. What disorder
prevails in this missed government of Spain ! The
manufactures of %resins& not revive ; contraband
gods are Weed at Saragossa and atysleocia; redou-
bled severity is need against them at Malaga;
theleee, the market is glutted with them, and isdastry
is brought to a stand. To give employment then to the
unoccupied hands, the esualisation of the Ebro is
now promoted, and it has been announced everywhere
that all the workmen who offer themselves at Tortoise
will immediately be employed. Whilst manufactures in
Catalonia languish, the province of Ouiposoca I.
about to have one established upon a scale of magni-
tude as yet unparalleled in Spain. It is mid
that this enterprise has been chiefly originated by
French °spite!. It is a steam factory for cotton-
spinning, weaving, and printing, which is to be
founded in the isle of Urbiterte. Here too, as in the
Valencia factory, an agent is employed who has
been sent to learn the trade at Manchester.

The fall in the pries of corn at Seville was to the
ee:toilet of five reale, between the let and the 21st of
August, and an equal fail was expected between the
letter date and the end of the month.

Rumours, of a diameter straup enough, an our.
rent at Madrid, about a standalone affair in whirl
the friends of Nurses sod the Moderadoe an said
to be comprised. I say nothing about it, but the
Belgian newspapers will doubles@ inform you of it.

ITALY.

THE DUCHIES.

The Messagere of Modest radiate a sentence
pronounced by the military comminioa of Mena on
eleven persons charged with belonging to a secret
socisty. They are all acquitted on that count, bat
two of there, one of whom is the curate of Mirteto,
are to be delivered up to the ordinary tribunals for
having been found in pommies of arms and am-
monition.

ROMAN STATES.

A Uttar from Bologna, of the 23rd ult., says :
"The central government has withdrawn a large
quantity of copper money from circulation, and •
hw days ago the whole we, sent off to Rome under
escort. For better security, the waggons always
pat up at the barracks of the town fixed upon for
their resting-plus on the way. Bet, notwithatud-
log all theca precautions, it was found at Rome that
a forge sum had been abstracted; by whom, or bow,
has not yet been discovered, and it is not likely it
aver will be, considering the pollee we have.•
The Bsiorgintesto has the following from Rome
—" Oar Secretary of State has addressed a privet*
circular to all the delegates of the provinoes, calling
upon them to exercise the greatest vigils.a over the
nuns that oome from abroad, and especially the
Dames do Bea& Corer, beee•es seas of them, coder
pretence of affording civil and religious instruction,
spread seditious doctrine, among the yarn( ladies
unmated to their me. The delegates are farther 'D-
etracted to inquire after the Countess C., of Bologna,
$ lady belonging to that religious body, and, I. gee
of her being disarmed, to arrest her.•
A correspondeat of Pods Gault*, writing heck
Rene on the 21st, op he hie learnt, by rive

WWI ham WWI% that riceca bad ocurrod at that
eity and in its neighbourhood, the popslua being en.
/gad at the &arum of food, which they attributed
to forestallers the Italian tricolour flag woe hoisted
by some of the raters, and the Austrian troops shot
fourteen of them. This news is not confirmed ; but
the (Anal journal of Rome has been expressly M-
I stractsd not to mutton any such occurrences.

NAPLES.

A letter from Naples in the Cbrrwra Mercantile
of Genoa states that a Maratist proclamation is being
spread all over the country with great secrecy and
activity.

THE TWO SICILIES.

(MOM Otri OWN conunetonveme.)
NAPLZB, Avocet 21.
It Is often objected to the Neapolitans that they
lave no plat of reforms to piopoes. The objection
proceeds from a total ignorance of their position and
their wants. The reforms have already been granted
for nearly half a century ; what they now want I. to
have those reforms honestly carried oat,oatha observed,
public morality established. How these two latter
points have been attended to the following sketch
will explain:—
That the constitution of 1848 is still in legal exist-
ence no one who is acquainted with the state of the
facts Gan for an instant deny. His Majesty had not
the rightful power to abrogate it, nor has he ever
affected to do leo openly. Still the constitution is a
dead letter, all mention of which is omitted in every
public act, and thus has been smothered in the dark
that which there was wanting courage to strike down
in broad day. This becomes clear enough from a
comparison of the two forms of oaths administered to
government employee in 1848 and in 1850 severally,
and the kind permission of a friend who hall plead
authenticated copies is my hands enables me to pub-
lish them in full. I shall first give the constitutional
oath as it was signed by an employe on the 21st of
February, 1848.
I, —, pensionist of the state, promise sad swear before
God Adslity sad obedience to Ferdinand 11., Meg of the
kingdom of the Two Sicilia, sad wet °lndium to his
orders. I promise and swear to diechup with the greatee
seal and with the greatest probity and honour the functions
weeded to me. I promise end swear to observe and cause
to be observed the constitution spontaneously proclaimed
and irrevocably sanctioned by the King our Lord
for the kingdom of the Two Bicilies, by hie art
of the 10th of February, 1848. I promise sad swear to ob
serve and muse to be observed the laws, the decrees, and
the tegalations actoally in vigour, and such as shall be
sanctioned and published is the future, in the tarsus of the
mate constitution. I promise and swear not willingly to
belong now or ever to ally secret amociation whatever. So
help me God.

Such was the state of things In February, 1848—a
variety of painful and distressing events passed in
the interval between this time and lb h Mey, wind-
ing up with a partial insurrection, which war tri-
umphantly pat down by the royal troops. The
constitution, however, was not abolished ; on the
contrary, on the very atxt day, in the very flash of
victory, his Majesty re confirmed what he
had spontaneously proclaimed and irrevocably nano-
timed. Time wore on, still, amidst violence of the'
most revolting character, no public act abolished the
statute. Bat in 1850 a new oath, with an extrnordi-
net y omission, was administered to an public emplo3 is.
It runs as follows:

I, —, nentMated, Ike., by royal reserlpt or deems, of
&e., peados and setae fidelity and obedience to King Fer-
dinand 11., and to prompt and exact execution of his
mitre; I promise and swear that in the enemies of the
ionctioss whisk have been confided to c e I will occupy
myself with the greatest sea, prabity, and honour. I pro-
mise and swear to obtain and muse to be °Merest the
mere, dames, and regulations which by the sovereign die
position of his Majesty are actually observed, sod such as
it shall please his Mejesty to publish st any home Mao.
I promise and own/ not to belong to say start accoty
nada whatever title, fcr whatever Op ct, end of whatever
denomination, and that 1 neva will bet Log to say. 130
help me God.
At the mime time a a ministeriale,7 signed by
F. Troja, was sent round to all such as It concerned,
couched in the following terms :

The Majesty of the Kiai our Lord bu deigned to deter-
mine that all thaw who 'ban be nominated or promoted to
any oarepation or entplcyment whatever shell tate their
oath according to the formula of the printed copy which I
here imam.

In the royal same I send you the resolution, is order
that you stay on you, put see to the gustation of it.

Naples, Jane 12, 1850. F. Tula.
The oath here imposed on the public emplojes is
the one now actually taken, and, as the constitution
has never been abolished, we have this great inconve-
nience, that the government of Naples is absolute
and constitutional at one and the same time, and
that by a little divergency from rectitude and honour
(not altogether unknown in Naples) obligations in-
curred to the one may be repudiated by alleging
superior obligations to the other. I say that such a
CAM may happen. It is not so much the fault of
those who worship as those who set up Janus, if in
the morning they prostrate themselves before his
eastern face, and in the afternoon before his
western face. They have no fixed rule—the sun
must guide them; but I see something more than an
inconvenience in this unsettled state of things. Sup-
pose, for instance, that a large loan were contracted
for by this government, and that the constitution,
which now only slumbers,were revived. The friends
and supporters of this constitution would feel some
reluctruce to refund sums of money which bad been
expended in constructing prisons, in paying keepers,
bribing supporters of things as they are, atd keeping
up a large body of foreign mercenaries. I will put
another case, hypothetical of course, and having
not the slightest connexion with this country,
of a sovereign awakening to a consciousness
of political obligations violated, and resolv-
ing to restore them to fall favour. During
the interval of hie moral oblivion he has incurred
sandry financial obligations; but what right had he,
a constitutional sovereign, to do so?—he cannot, in
justice to his people, satisfy them. It is a painful
case, but the capitalists lent the money with their
eyes open, and they must take the risk. The case
is purely hypothetical, but one which is possible ; and,
being so, occurrences, as matters stand, might take
plus which would injure the credit of the country
greatly.
Continuing my usual reeved of the ecclesiastical
affairs of Naples, I have now to report that our city
has been bluing away with fireworks and illumi-
nations for the last seven days in honour of Sante.
Rocco and his dog. No sooner had the glorious San
Gaetano withdrawn to his house than the last-named
saint made his appearance, sad festooned with
flowers, and hong with lamps, and covered with
tapestry, our streets present all the appearance of
the beauty of holiness. Happy Naples, holy Naples !
who shall say that thou art not favoured of God sod
the saints ! An army of pi ma priests weary H
with daily intercessions for thy good. Saints and
martyrs have their dwelling place in tby streets.
Spend freely thy money on oil, lights, and fire.
works. Abjure all progress as rash, and cry " Viva
la Madonna lmmaoolata, e Ferdinand° Secondo."

The commune of Sassari, in the Wand of Sardinia,
has been visited by a greet calamity. While the ishahitests
of the tows were soloyieg the areal festivities of the As-
sumption, a terrible fire was suddenly miss issuing from the
woods of the environs, and, impelled by the clod, it swept
over olive plestations, vineyards, and pasture grounds, de-
stroying property to as immense anseast. &vent cottages
were blunt down, and m sy horses and ou• lost.
This disaster is attributed to inceadiarism, the flames
having broke cat is several places at the same time
This slew of the case ie corroborated by the fact that on the
17th ult.—that 4, two days after—three fires brake oat is
the airframe of Alghero, on. of which threstenet the
powder-mill situated near the tows. This danger was hap-
pily averted by the coolness of the magistrates, and the
csinge sad activity of the troops end the police. Toe ,
other fires were speedily estiegaished, sot, however, before
prooerty to the essoyst of 20,000 tr. wan destroyed.
The reported death of the celebrated German basso
Standigl is contradicted by the Musical &suite of Berlin;
bat is doing so, it adds that his health is still in a very
alarming state.
We learn by a letter from Constantinople of the
2tet, that Mr. high.., the British *ousel, at Steerouni,
sow es a missies it Tarensa, has bed • violent attack of
fiver, sad his health is sub as to muss uneasiness. Admiral
Lord Lyme has sent a steamier to Tattoo, to bring Mr.
Hostess to Ceastamtesigo.