The Express.
London, England, 1851-09-06 00:00:00

THE EXPRESS, SATURDAY EVHDWP, SEPTEMBER 6,185 L

BELGIUM.

The Oficial Moniteur of yesterday (Friday) pub-
lishes the decree closing the session and also that
dissolving the Senate, the electoral colleges for the
re-election of which are convoked for the 27th inst.
The Chamber of Representatives and the Senate are
to meet on November 4th.

SPAIN.

MADRID, Avo. 31.

The Madrid Gazette publishes the official returns
of the revenue for the month of July last. The
amount woe 71,310,279 rests, being 12,644,664 reale
Ileas than in the corresponding month in 1850.

ITALY.

LOMBARDY.—Count Alexander Arrivabenc, an
ex-officer of the Hangwitz regiment, who resigned
his commission in 1848, has been brought to Mantua,
and will be tried by the Milan court martial for high
treason. He is the brother of the Count Renaud
Arrivabenc, now in exile at Stumm, upon whom
corporal punishment was inflicted by the Austrian
government.

GERMANY.
PRUSSIA.

BERLIN, SErr. 2.
On Sunday, the 31st ult., the Provincial Diet of
Neumark Brandenburg and of the Nlargravate of
Nicderlansitz was held. The solemnity is remarked
as having been inure simple than in past times. The
members wore no costumes. M. Flottwell, the pre-
sident, addressed the meeting in a short and most
formal speech, handing at the same time to the Diet's
marshal, Count Arnim, the propositions the govern-
ment has pointed out for the consideration of the
Diet. These consist of the subjects I have enume-
rated in former communications, all touching pro-
vincial interests. One article only, the fourth, is re-
mailable, inasmuch as it puts the new Cowhide
Ordnunq of the 11th March, 1830, whereby the l'ro-
vincial ijiets are in law abolished, into the hands of
these very Diets, that thereby it may undergo " ne-
cessary alterations." The speech of Count Arnim, in
answer to that of the president, was as follows :
I receive with thanks from your hands in the name of
the Assembly the propositions of his Majesty's government.
I say with thanks, fur a field of profitable action is now
opened in two directions: Ist. To give new movement, after
many years stagnation, to affairs which exclusively interest
separate provinces ; and 2ndly. To take into consideration
questions and institutions which have a general importakee
and differently affect different provinces, that they may,
after our deliberations, be laid before another organ (the
chambers) to receive from thence life and activity.
It is here you see distinctly asserted that the deli-
berative competency of the Diets is to embrace every
subject of home interest throughout all Prussia.
Foreign affairs arc alone excluded from their consul-
tations. What then will be left for the chambers to
do ? Why to register and to countersign the acts of
the Diets. If they should not be content with this
subordinate part, they must necessarily oppose the
Diets ; hence must ensue conflict. And hence,
should the government retain its present domineer-
ing ascendancy, a pretext will be furnished for
abolishing the chambers altogether. This, if the
parliament will not consent to be a mere registry
court, is the object, I have no doubt, already in
view.

Protests against the Diets, however, still continue
to be made. Another from M. Vincke appears in
the Cunaldnannel of to-day, in which that deputy
declares that the Diets have been, by the 66th article
of the Genseinde Ordnung of March, 1850, expressly
abrogated, and concludes by saying that he can take
no part in the elections, as by so doing he should
violate the oath ho had solemnly made on the 6th
February to maintain the constitution.

SEPT. 3.
There is a very long government denksehrilt pub-
lished today in the Preussische Zeituw, nearly filling
the whole paper, on the subject of the new commu-
nal law, pointing out defects and suggesting altera-
tions. This has been submitted to the consideration
of the Brandenburg Diet. If this subject, however,
which has a range and an importance co-extensive
with the whole kingdom of Prussia, be among those
local and provincial matters with which the Diets,
it was said, were alone to be occupied, what subjects
can be considered beyond their competency ?
The Constitutionet Zeitung of this evening pub-
lishes the following act of the bund of the 18th of
August, touching the right of interference on the
part of the federal authority in the affairs of the
separate states, for the purpose of maintaining gene-
ral order and security.
Art. 1. As the object of the German confederation con-
sists in maintaining the independence and inviolability of the
German states and the inward and outward peace and security
of Germany, but as also the constitution of the build, by
virtue of its inseparable connexion with the constitution of
the separate states is to be regarded as an essential part and
parcel of these, so any attack made upon the Bund or its con-
stitution constituting an attack made upon the separate states
and their constitutions, every enterprise directed against the
existence, the integrity, the security of the German bund
in the separate confederate states, in violation of existing
or future laws, will be dealt with and punished as high
treason. Art. 2. The separate states pledge themselves to
each other to deliver up any individual who may conspire
or excite revolt against the sovereign, or against the exist-
ence, the integrity, the constitution, or the security of any
other confederate state, excepting in case such indi-
vidual should be the subject of the state required to deliver
him up, or be on his trial, or under punishment for an
other crime by him committed. If the enterprise of such
person should bo directed against several confederates
states, he is to be delivered up to that state which has Ent
made the demand.

TRIALS OF LOCOMOTIVES ON THE SEM.
MERINO (AUSTRIAN) MOUNTAINS.

An interesting competition of engineering skill
took place a few days ago, between Peyerbaeh and Eich-
berg, stations on the Austrian and Styrhui Railway. The
prize was the sum of 20,000 ducats, offered by the imperial
government for the most efficient locomotive engine for
working the traffic between Gloggnitz in the Arch-Duchy of
Austria, and Marzzusehlag, in Styris, the route
lying across the Semmering hfountains. These heights
which were long thought to present en insur-
mountable obstacle to railway communication be-
tween the afor, nentioned provinces of the empire,
crossed railroad whose

are now __ by • .. line is a aeries of curves
adapted tor the sake of obtaining gentle gradients than a
direct track would have afforded. The d between Olotzg-
nits and Maruuschlag, however, has still an inclination
of one in forty, and it was found advisable to offer special
inducements to engine-makers to exert their skill with re-
fereneeto the peculiar demands of this steep line. On the 13th
ult., the imperial commission presented themselves at
Peyerbach to witness the trials. Four engines were on the
spot, namely, the Bindohoua, from the engine manufactory
of the Vienna and Gloggnitz Railway Company; the Neu-
stadt, by M. Wenzel Uunther, at Neustadt ; the
by M. H. A. Von Maffei, of qunich ; and the Seraing, by
John Cocktvill and Co., the Belgian firm. Conformably to
the conditions of the programme, the engines were first
tested with reference to their capability of being brought
up when descending the slopes. The Bavaria was first
tested, in the descent of a curve whose radius was 600 feet
and iutlination I in 40. This engine, while travelling 20
miles an hour, was brought up at a given signal in the
apace of 36 yards, having glided that distance under the
breaks. The Seraing ran over the same ground at the rate
of 22 miles an hour, and was brought up in SO yards.
The Neustadt was stopped in 60 yards, while
running 20 miles an hour. The Bindobona ran
at a speedot 16 miles an hour, and ran 140 yards before it
could be stopped. This portion of the trial being con-
cluded, the engines were tested as to their ability to con-
vey bads up the incline. The conditions prescribed that
the locomotives should convey a load of 2,500 centners
(about 115 tons) up an incline having an ascent of one in
40, with a speed of not less than six miles an hour. The
Bavaria again led the way, and with a load of 2,610 cent-
. ners accomplished the task at a mean speed of 10 miles an
hour. The Seraing followed with • load of 2,532
ceutners, and performed the distance at the rate
of 51 miles an hoar. The Bindoboaa and Neu-
. stall% each with the minimum lead of 2,500 centiters,
made the ascent at the required rate of six miles an hour.
With the exception of the Bindobona, neither of the en-
gins injured the permanent way; that engine, however,
strained the iron rails to a considerable degree, causing a
sensible depression. After these preliminary contests, the

Bavaria was the first selected to run thirteen journeys from
Peyerbach to Biehberg, a distance of 6,400 yenta, up an
meat of 1 in 40. The engine itself weighed 861 centners. The
first journey, the slowest of the series, was accomplished in
24 minutes, the swiftest occupied 19 minutes. The load started
with on the first journey was 3,060 centners, which was
gradually increased till the 20th journey, which was made
to ni minutes, with an attached load of 3,402 centners.
The consumption of wood varied from 14 to 18 centners ;
these figures, however, include the consumption of the re-
turn journey, which are not distinguished iu the statement.
The Bavaria having succeeded iu her first twelve of the
twenty experimental journies prescribed in the con-
ditions, was declared exempt from further trial.
However, to crown hie performances, her engineer
weighted her with 4,000 centners, and on the 22nd of
Aug., accompanied by a large number of professional men,
drove her the same distance up the strongly-curved incline
in eight and twenty minutes. The steam pressure was con-
stant between 9811 s. and Wilbs. The trials of the Neustadt
and Seming have been partially interrupted. The latter
engine weighs 1,000 centners, and with a load of 2,445
centners has effected the ascent once in 25 and once in 23
minutes. The Neustadt is a much heavier machine ; it
took four and six minutes longer than the Seraing to make
the journey, and once stuck fast in the road. Its load, how-
ever, was 2,740 centners. The competition is not concluded,
but at present the Bavaria is surpassing all rivals.

THE PUBLIC DEBTS AND STANDING
ARMIES OF TILE EUROPEAN STATES.

(Prom the Kohler Zeitung.)
The paper money now in actual circulation in
Europe represents a value of 1,261,428,520 dollars. The
total of the public debt is by fur larger ; it amounts to
11,397,006,000 dollars. Great Britain (without the colonies)
hears nearly one-half of this gigantic burden, viz.,
5,000,000,000 dollars. The British army numbers 129,000
men ; the fleet is composed of 678 vessels, with 18,000 guns.
The detail of the debts and armies of the other European
States is as follows :

Spain.—Debt, 1,300,000,000 dollars; army, 160,000 men;
fleet, 50 vessels, with 721 guns.
Austria.—Debt, 1,100,000,000 dollars; fleet, 156 vessels
(including gunboats), with 600 guns.
Russia and Poland.—Debt, 733,000,000 dollars; army,
700,000 men ; fleet, 175 vessels and 410 gunboats, with 7,000
guns.
The Netherlands. —Debt, 731,000,000 dollars; army,
50,000 men ; fleet, 123 vessels, with 2,500 guns.
Prussic —Debt, 180,000,000 dollars; army, 121,000 men
(war footing, 492,000 men); fleet, 47 vessels and gunboats,
with 114 guns.
Prance.—Debt, 1,330,000,000 dollars ; army, 263,463 men ;
fleet, 328 vessels, with 8,000 guns.
Belgium.—Debt, 165,000,000 dollars; army, 90,000 men;
fleet, 5 vessels, with 36 guns.
Portugal.—Debt, 160,000,000 dollars ; army, 38,000 men ;
fleet, 36 vessels, with 700 guns.
Papal States.—Debt, 120,000,000 dollars ; army, 19,000
men; fleet, 5 vessels, with 21 guns.
Sardinia.—Debt, 120,000,000 dollars; army, 38,000 men;
fleet, 60 vessels, with 900 guns.
Naples.—Debt, 100,000,000 dollars; army, 48,000 men;
fleet, 15 vessels, with 484 guns.
Bavaria.—Debt, 82,000,000 dollars; army, 57,000 men.
Denmark.—Debt, 80,000,000 dollars ; army, 20,000 men ;
fleet, 33 vessels, with 1,120 guns.
Saxony.—Debt, 43,500,000 dollars ; army, 25,000 men.
Turkey.—Debt, 40,000,000 dollars; army, 220,000 men;
fleet, 66 vessels, with 800 guns.
City of Hamburgh.—Debt, 31,000,000 dollars ; army,
1,800 men.

Grand Duchy or Baden.—Debt, 33,000,000 dollars; army,
18,000 men.
Hanover.-30,368,000 dollars; army, 21,000 men.
Wurtemburg.—Debt, 28,000,000 dollars; army, 19,000
men.

Greece.—Debt, 2.3,000,000 dollars; army, 8,900 men ;
Beet, 31 vessels, with 1.11 guns.
Grand Duchy of Mecklenburg-Schwerin—Debt, 10,000,000
dollars; army, 4,700 men.
Grand Duchy of Tuscany.—Debt, 10,000,000 dollars;
army, 12,000 men; fleet, 10 vessels, with 15 guns.
City of Frankfort.—Debt, 7,000,000 dollars ; army, 1,300
men.

Duchy of Brunswick.—Debt, 6,800,000 dollars; army,
3,000 men.
Grand Duchy of Ilesse-Darmstadt.—Dcbt, 6,200,000 dol-
lars; army, 42,000 men.
Electoral Ilcsse.—Debt, 6,000,000 dollars ; army, 11,000
men.

City of Lubcck.—Debt, 6,000,000 dollars; army, 490

men.
Duchy of Smce-Weimar.—Debt, 4,000,000 dollars ; army,
2,000 men.
Duchies of Schleswig and llolstein.—Dcbt, 4,000,000 dol-
lars; ao army ; no nary.
Duchy of Anhalt Dessau and Koethen.—Debt, 3,500,000
dollars ; army, 700 men.
City of Bremen.—Debt, 3,000,000 dollars; army, 500
men.
Duchy of Saso-Coburg-Gotha.—Debt, 2,556,000 dollars;
army, 1,200 men.
Duchy of Saxe-Meiningen.—Debt, 2,500,000 dollars ;
army, 2,400 men.
Duchy of Nassau.—Debt, 2,000,000 dollars ; army 3,500
men.

Duchy of Parma.—Debt, 1,800,000 dollars ; army 5,000

Ducky of Anhalt-Bernburg.—Debt, 1,500,000 dollars ;
army, 300 men.
Duchy of Saxe-Altenburg.— Debt, 1,500,000 dollars;
army, 1,000 men.
Norw.iy.—Debt, 1,500,000 dollars; army, 23,000 men ;
fleet, 160 vessels, with 560 guns.
Grand Duchy of Oldeuburg.—Debt, 1,200,000 dollars ;
army, 600 men.
Landgravate of Hesse llomburg.—Debt, 860,000 dollars ;
army, 350 men.
Principality of fichwarzburg-Itudolstedt.—Debt, 252,000
dollars ; army, 540 men.
Principality of Schwarzburg-Sondershausen. Debt,
60,000 dollars; army, 450 men.
Danubian Principalities.—No debt : annual tribute to
Turkey, 3,000,000 piastres ; army, 6,800 men.
Servia.—No debt ; tribute, 2,000,000 piastres ; army,
3,000 men.
Sweden.—No debt ; army, 34,000 men; fleet, 310 vessels,
with 2,400 guns.
Duchy of Modena.—No debt ; army, 3,500 men.
Principality of Lippe-Detmold.—No debt ; army, 820

men. - -
Grand Duchy of Mecklenburg-Strelits.—No dobt ; army,
800 men.
Pnncipality of Reuss.—No debt ; army, 74, men.
Principality of Lippe-Schaumburg.—No debt; army,
430 men.
Principality of Waldek.—No debt ; army, 520 men.
Prineimility of Lichtenstein.—Nn debt ; army, 60 men.
Switzerland.—No debt • army, 69,500 men, a small num-
ber of whom only is in actual service.
Republic of Sun Marino.—No debt, and no army.