The Express.
London, England, 1851-05-17 00:00:00

RAW MATERIALS.

Amongst raw materials in Class 11., we find the
mineral, vegetable, and animal substances which
are used in nallieine, and the processes of pharmacy.
Amongst the most striking products in this depart-
ment, and those which will obtain most general no-
tice, are the gigantic masses of crystals of various
substances which are used in medicine mid the arts.
Messrs. Pontifex and Wall exhibit Roam very splen-
did specimens in this department. In the large ;chief
case in which are exhibited numerous objects of
interest in this section, will be found several
large masses of crystals of citric mid tar-
taric acids. These crystals have been procured by
allowing strong solutions a thm substances to cuts-
tallise in leaden vessels of large size. After the
I crystallisation has taken place, the leaden vessels are
removed from the mass of crystals they contain by
sawing them in pieces, and the crystals are thus left
in the form of a cylinder, on the interior of which
their peculiar forms are preserved. Near to these
crystals are to he seen a mess of chloride of
ammo-
nium, or sal ammoniac, of a conical form and hollow
in the interior, exhibited by Mr. Austin. liar to
this specimen are sonic very tine crystals of nitrate of
potassa(common nitre) from the same house. Contrast-
ing with the pure white of these crystals, and exhibited
by Mackintosh and Cts, and other houses. arc the
red and yellow pru.ssiates of potash. Nothing, can
exceed the rich colour of these specimens. The
crystals are arranged around an axis of crystallisa-
tion, forming irregular pillars of coloured crystals.
It is from these salts that the prussic or hydrocyanic
acid is obtained.
Amidst these colours another mass of crystals fre-
quently catches the eye in the various collections of
the wholesale or manufacturing chemists. These arc
the sulphate of iron or greed vitriol, many specimens
of which, of unusual size and beauty, are to ho
seen.

The manufacture of carbonate of ism's is one of
great importance in the north of England, where it
es obtained by the decomposition of common sea
salt. There are two carbonates of soda, both of
which are represented from various houses in the
form of large crystals. Alum is a substance exten-
sively used in the arts, and especially. as a mordant
in dyeing. It is separated from various deposits in
I the earth containing alumina, the earthy basis of
common clay. It is a compound of alumina, potash,
and sulphuric acid, and in a case from the Pendleton
Alum Works the various processes are seen through
which the earth has to pass before it is converted
into crystals of alum fit for economic uses.
In other collections, the crystals of stun are
very large, and afford fine examples of this
branch of manufacture. Amongst other specimens
of crystallisation to be seen in this department are
those of nitre (nitrate of potash), Glauber. salts
(sulphate of soda), Epsom salts (sulphate of magne-
sia), common salt (chloride of sodium), and common
smelling salts (carbonate of ammonia). Those who
ttre interested in the study of crystallography will
find some beautiful single crystals, sent by Mr.
Copney, in a smell glass case by themselves, consist-

. _
..----.
ing of very fine specimens of
sulphate. of eopper,l But perhaps one of the finest came is that dead/we ordoth tiussellillialell fineness arta lustre, ee.hibitors whose names we am here unable to record 1
sulphite 01111:10c-ta. citric acid, and atam. Messrs. Storden, wherein are collected no less than paying ajust tribute el oration to another which tare on that account lightly esteem we ha cc al-
.tinegueie compound, which are 790 epecimens of Genappe and hetld worsted yarns in none but an English loam could 'mak produced. ()fall ready adverted to the real and only cause of our ina-
more vette ceopt the in.
-t , Ile used in medhane, we may mention two ennoartmenta, as well Mt some beautiful varieties the achievements of British skill none stem to iinpress bility to bring their works inure pnenindeely before
( a
with the 'sighed praise the exhibition of the Messrs. of uteri:es of every hue and degree of brilliancy. the natives of otfier countries atom strongly than these the public. We venture to predict that will not
11oward and Kent,
of St.-afford. In unc thews Messrs.. Inayne of Nerilsworth, Mrs ess. l'ea.se of our textile fabrics. Justly, ton, may they be studied, be long ere thew excellence be m.eved and duly per
1111:Ks1 are ehowts the metals mercury, hietnuth, tin, Darlington, and other gentlemen whose productions for here in the greatest perfection are to be inspected acknowledged.
antimony, and silver, with the various 0ehk.,,,.. sm. we had: not rooter to cuumerute. deserve the thanks ' woollen dames of the hostast quality, and of extra- t
phurets. and felts of thesemetals: used in medicine. of the public toe the pains they have also taken to ordinary softness and •orilliancy, flannels of mer-
it is to this house, we believe, that medicine is in- elucidate ell. the multiform and tedious operations Yellow. tenuity, !hie:, inflexible pilot cloths, delicate
&teed fur the pure preparation of calomel (a chloride ine.ideatt to the manufacture of wool. Orleans and C./amiss, carriage wrappers. Indian
c
.s, coatings of alpaca . caniela hair, f mercers'. of-which there are specimens exhibited . o eor among our readers probably would have blankets, frieze
coo-
in' its various Mr We have never wan a tome , imagined that the qualities of the wool of different hair, Yicanse moleakins twilled buckskins, kersey-
beautiful eerie, of preperations than are here showao ' countries were so totally distinct. English fleeces ' mores, &a., &c. Among the most interesting specimens
and it cannot fail to have a beneficial influence on arc now little used except for blankets, coarse cloths, recentlyexposed to view are thosebelonging to Messrs.
the preparation of those substances on the meaty of stuff-, and " worsteds." Not long ago the Spanish Bull and Wilson, of St. Martin's-lane, who have
which so much of the success of the treatmeat oldie- wool obtained tho highest price in the market, wante singularly fine black and blue cloths of Saxony
cave depends. i but wool front the Spanish breed of sheep introduced I wool, " beavers" woven by Daniell's patent process,
Amongst the exhibitors of the more delicate, rare, into Saxony is far superior to the former arteele. , and samples of Himalaya cloth for mantles and
and potent wild used in medicine we may mention Australian wool has also for some years past been , cants, now for the first time exposed to public seru-
the namee of Bullock.Morion,l3anningwaysi, and Wmanufacturing il- largely consumed in our districts; - tiny. The hair or wool of which it is compounded
hams, and llopkitet. Amoeigst these collections are that Prom Germany being principally. reserved for ;is that of the Cashmere shawl goat, and has been
very beautiful epecimens of the various alkaloide-- the finest cloths. The latter fleeces weigh ordinarily I brought hither six thousand miles overland, and five
the active principles of medicinal plants, many of from two to two and a half pounds ; those of our own . thousand be sea. We wonder little at the cost of
which arc very costly and only to lie seen in small country generally averaging seven pounds. The I the manufactured article, when we find that the
quantities on i.ardillAry oreasions, but here they are', first operation the shorn wool undergoes is that of original bales descended slowly, step by step, the
to he seen by pound, weight. In the space of a few " ser•ing." The wool from different parts of the same, precipitous passes of the 'herniae-a range, have
Millice feet may he witioseed at a glance a quantity fleece is of carious qualities. Yet so sensitive, ; since traversed the l'unjah, Cebu', Affghanistan,
of these intensely active agents, sufficient to destroy .by use, do the fingers of the experienced I Khorassan, the pathless wilds of l'ersia, Armenia,
all the visitor, who may witness the Great , workman become that it is with surprising rapidity ; and Asiatic Turkey to Trebizond, whence they were'
Exhibition. The mare remarkable of these sub- I that he separates the masses before hint into ten, I borne across the Black Sea, the Bosphorus, the leao.,
tanned, are the various salt+ of neirpliia, strychnine 1 twelve, or more kinds, taking due cognisance of the . dandles, the Mediterranean, and no inconsiderable
°ea
nitia, and oreatria. The discovery of the exist- I strength, cleanlintes, regularity. colour, and softness !portion of the Atlantic.
once of the alkaloid; has been the canto of a great I, Of each. The pareele thus formed are partiully I The surface of this Himalaya cloth resembles, in
advances in medical science, as them active principles' wound with hot ley, and then dyed, if the goods to some respects, the finest silk plush. though the nap
v lie given with at greater certainty than Ibe produced from theta are to be " wool-dyed" end is fur longer, and, at the same time, undulatory; its
adieu combined with inert substances in the plant. not " piece-dyed." lustre is almost metallic—it is light, warm, extremely
l'heir administration is fast (lied/awing the practice An instrument styled a tei/Sois used to disentangle soft and agreeable to the touch. We may also
of giving large and unnecessary does eif the earn- I the locks. To facilitate this process oil is coati- recommend our readers to look at some extra
punels with which they are :with tautly mixed in nually sprinkled over the wool, which now becomes fine blue doeskin.; a piece of prize black cloth
the plant. Amongst these ladies we obeerve a nun- fit for "scribbling," "canting," and stubbing. It is manufitetured by apperley, of Stroudwater, and
her that are new, and which have not vet protraltly unnecessary to describe these technical terms, exhibited by Misers. Bull and Wilson. Near the
bean tried in medicine, such RS the rivdritalate of As in another department of the Exhibition the same counter are some tqweimens of what arc termed
quinine, lteneartrate of potash, iron furamide, and thaw operations they indicuto may be actually reversable Witneve ;made byleatiielea probably more
comptunde of iron and q • • with various acids. in-spec:tett. From the scribbling machine the wool curious than useful :21 specimens of fancy doeskies,
A rolled. of animal compounds, temamted by fulls in thin downy translucent layers; by the card- some of them more remarkable for singularity and
theniird premiss, and exhilated by Mr. Bullock, ing machine a delicate band is detached; ranks into boldness of mitten' than for the mete they evince.'
Will 112 f4/1111 oof intrust iSmtll to the sia I
eoielogist and the form or a slender rod the fibres being spread, not Near these last arc several qualities of deuble-
eltetnia. (if (11,W! we may anent' klautinine and • longitudinally, but nearly at right angles. to the surfaced beavers, fur over-coots, which could 1
kis...tine, oultetientea found in the fle.elt of animals, piece. The ";Itiliteing-ltille unites these rods or card- not be required thicker if intended to repel
himeirie add, wit add. urea, and allantoine. rags end to end, reducing their thickness and of the cold of an Arctic winter. Messrs. Smith,'
-
Ammh,oget the medicines exhibited in this section course elongating them, one ounce of dubbing usually of Basinghalledreet, are the proprietors of
the n• is a glass se 's• very me
ea into " crest:l'll-eel pyretic:4s" or " eleetnevital The wool, after all this prtoious manipula- water, but allowing the air to paes freely through its
salts" (hi the 4,lllllosittOtt of thil subetance we tine, is now ready to be spun into yarn pores. They have also some l'alpalque cloth madej
have les information, sod we eaepect it is plume' fur the weever by the agency of the ntule from a peculiar quality of goats' hair, and of cloth
then• for the purpose, or attracting the notice of the:apelike- machines. By them the stubbing process composed of China grass. In n caw adjoining these
public to this seam what marvellously minted com-
LS carried a step further. The weol is 1111 W drown will be found some very beautiful examples of Eng-
petes . 1 We tnest Ban the executive cominiseim I i still finer, and again slightly twieteet, when it is lish embroidery that do equal credit to the designer
will lie fully alive to the nestaaeity of preventing the den:Annealed .pun-yarn. The " warp," or long and to the hands that have 40 ably realised his ideas.
dimity of articles which, unless dwir eumpeeition be I threads, twin; spun in one way, the " weft," or Fruit, flowers, foliage, the tendrils and the ripe elute.
keenest. ran in no wave...attribute to the gnat object. crass rheas in another The yarn, for either mar- tors of the vine, are here beheld in miniature, nei-
of the Exhibition, ;mil can only serve to draw atten• pose, as immerse' in size to facilitate its working, dered with fidelity and grouped with artistic
Bon to the demur the contributor. then follow thepmeessee of ..winding," " warp- delicacy and feeling.
Of the veectultle entotoncee usesl in medicine ex- ing," " beaming." p" drawing-in," sec., by which A new quality of drill presents itself in a neigh-
bilked in this depirtiment we have little to say at the warp is attached to the loom, and the well to housing compurtnient ; from its stoutness and powers
present. Through the exertions of the chemists and the shuttle. of endurance it has leeched the appellation of the
elr iggiets of lettithin a very complete collection of all In the new nnd beautiful looms exhibited in the " commodore drill "—a term no doubt id appropriate
the ports of plant, we el la medicine have been got Crystal Pithiee the weasels are daily seen plying as many others conferred on novel inventions. Its
tog, theta $Olll4l Of thew are very costly said their busy trade, oldie the praduee (f.f their latour appearunce is peculiar, and we think it only requires
tun.. There is it jar of esooperet, which, al- may be e Itaneonely inspected, as it slowly issues to be made known to be generally udopted for sum-
thengh little usel in medicine nt the moon day, be coutpleted from their ltands. titer wear, especially. by yaelasnwn.
of groat intenat on tat-mount of its rarity. 11r. Pereira Yet though eompleted eo far. it is far front being ‘Ve meet not omit to call ;mention to Messrs.
he. edit down to the odkation a speeinwn of the " liniehest." It meet now to cleansed from the oil Loeke's contributions, ; these are chiefly woven from
'dent 'shish yield. the knoos .a mien'lnmSittillem lately adhering toit. and be milled or felted, that is, beaten the Cheviot WllOl, and consist of almod every
nem aaaaa en-bel in the tnatment or ecoain torn. of - ineeseently for In or an hems, until the files be- variety of tweed and tartan, and clam shawl, known
disease. We ry fine itelividual lit (kitten • of many come so inn docked that they entirely conceal the on thee as on the other side of the Border. At con
I
doe,- anc tea be foamsin this carer . The cheers threads beneath. If, liar 0111.1011. s reaems, the latter great dietetic. from them, the visitor will, deuettlese
flea ard mid Km nt exhibit a yen itatenatines series , prenseeslie not demonstrated on the present oem-ion, of his own emote', pause before the glass beneath
of -1111.' -114 Of 'Wit front the (mimes species of there is no lack of samples to display their ettitacy. which are expose' numerous waineratinge, sent in
chinehotia Three are 1111,1111111111111 by the ulioaltads, When all that we have thus briefly described has by Messrs. Nlurley : they are all exceedingly beauti-
Tatiine. einehonine. and ititinnielin, been done, the nap of the new cloth •Itas still to be ful, but four are remarkably delicate in texture and
With the exeeption of seal-liver oil, we lire wen "rati+eil" and "cut," to reduce it to it smooth and in hue, the shades being varieties of amber, saffron,
n. thing tlemandints partieular attention unottEpot the uniferm surfaee. A lustre is then imported to it by cream. and French white. The materials here used
animal moduebe use! in medicine. . boiling." Little knot.. or extraneous nutters arc are silk and cotton; silk, wool, and cotton ; silk and
--- - removed by "hurling" or picking, when folding, wool plush : silk and linen ; wool and cotton.
\\'ll(ll.l.l•:\.tNlS WOItSTED (WOOS. Amdahl* and steaming, thew tile protnieted Wears. But our fair readers will naturally bestow a intuit
.t.loptiter still the dieseitiesition of the ()tibial ('ate-. Thtl% much for the manufactureof fulled or felted higher encomium mem the contents of the triangular
logue. we proceed to call the attention of our routers' seed. We may now take a rapid glance at the cabinet, in which they will be not slow to pereeive
to that portion of the western nave toi the south eideltllCllll4 by which worsted goods tare produced. Of certain opera mantle., contributed for the oceusion
or sahi-li the tissue. or woalko and %lir,a-d, n ith their increasing intmwtattee in a national view, HO- by Alesere. Seltotie•lil and Brown. The material used
their proves% ttfinatistfactuns are inept:idea It will 1 thing need further 11C said than that the. exports in is u bilk-warp flannel. but so charmingly and at the
he neossiry, boo ever, prevatuely to explain the pro- the year la I I nom than doubled, while those of Ball same time taste-rally ontamented, that we were not
unmet dietinet ion bet ve een thew too elms, of ' neatly quadrupled, the exports of 1821. in the least degree surprise' yesterday to hear a
reels so frequently eon:attend by neat perwins as Bruilead may be woinned as the centre of the young French lady pour forth in their praise u tor-
alwelteely identical. worded trade in England. A circuit of a few miles rent of complimentary epithet, ending With the for-
W... 1 as elietinguieluel lay the length of its fibres, round that town conwriets Level., ',wide:relit:ld, (able exclamation—. Met de (lieu. mails soot
the loniser kinds being emus and wind' in a similar 1 laossbury, Wakefield. Italietic, and Keighley, all charinante: (lane toute fexpoition voila sans doute
manner to tottota while the ehorter undergo a rue- I
admitublyrepresented at the Exhibition, fancy goods tout cc qu'il ya de plus delicieux I"
thw r peeress called paling or milling, by whichu 'chietly predm aa iaa ating g their emaributiodisplay ne. The of .a-hat are technically termed . bit-
elo • • teat tu c :tiel Smll.loll esirt we are produelel. Them: I Jr the e•lententery caws in this depirtment be. Hard cloths" by Afeasre. Sykes, of Leeds, mid Messrs.
foo hasautacturea tin- perfectly dietime. and are fur examined, it will at one be Mmeell that the wool Fenton, of Eceleshill, is extremely god; they are
the meet part retried on in materate healities. !herein employed is much longer anal coarser than choe, firm, and strong. well adapted in every way
Anteing the rodoek or the rono-r JIM 1•10,1,111 s, 111111- I that woven into felted cloths Atter leaving liven for their destined use. 'lO trectie. Poceek and Raw-
hes shall-eons, labinets axe a hike the woollen :no ; well wound and dried, it is paased through a lies we think it not at all improbable that the jury
tick. hided.: all the varieties of Omit. . plucker," or machine coneieting of spiked Fellers, will award me prize for a piece of dark rifle cloth
Having pnestieed thus much, we shell proceed to I mnde to revolve so US to cleanse and straighten the that may be well said to chullettge the closest
sac a law lemarke upon the different qualities of fibres It IS 1111 W prepured for " turtling," or .entity.wad. MinWroSIS SPerittlells Of which are conluined in ; "condo-in:a" the lutterwhen performeel hey hand twinge By it novel though simple process Messrs. Walker
the roes in this department. The most in- yery Ittlaurioue and diaigneable operetion. The sue-. and•Millshow of Leeds, have produce-di:what they
teresting or these awe at indite is that of Masers I meanie, proceed, whereby the woollen fibres are hems a figured eassitnere. 'flw effect is eurprisingly
eh, es-brow:h. of Bradawl' : it mended or a wroa,4la moi worsted yarn, is analogous leek to the ' tick and at a little- di...hence might almost be taken her
speeinwit front melt or the forty countit•s pap 'ration of %%Kahn and of cotton goods, and the the result of the embroiderer's needle; it is however
or I.:aalami. maw Kemple from Wales. frum Scotland., manning resembles that in ether branches of textile accomplished by the agency of heated iron alone,
awl from Ireland. An unitmetoed eye or band art. It may lie likewise ern in the room where ether These figured fabrics are well adapted fur evening
would detest net sensible
satire,,re.m.i, beawern them, .similax operatione are conducted. waistcoats.
though Buy 'night. if itedis.ritainately mixed, he ; One of the inoet curious of these machines is the Barge-eve and Massey, of Leede, have same Ram-
readily classified by an i•xperiendd wilier on atesitint Jim.quanl. tweducing its effect by means of a vast plea of their transferable elastic woaded cloth of pe-
of their very &Mien! preperties The mod caewil IMMIX eof iterforated curds. For the execution of cellar make, poss.:ono; great softness, elasticity,
olaerver. lioweser, wall not fail to perceive the any torticider pattern, as mane (-Intl are required and warmth. They are intended tbr capes, over-
markeel dietinc n tiun eulaieting betwee the skeet as them tare weft threads iii the &elan'. But the I coats, and cloaks. The doeskins of Messrs. Cooper,
&teeny tleeve of the mountain slurp „r w,,i,-,, ~,,,i hole, in each of these vary greatly ; in mime there ;of Iwede, are goods of fine quality and high Mush,
tlw long MOM- kick, frolll 1114. 10W1.11111 1141411115 i Of 111.1 y ho thirty. :tome fifty or silty. It would be 'as are the mohair% of Messrs. Walker and of Messrs.
Lineolneltire. In like manner he o ill be able, upon . needless to eke wribe here the modits oprramli : Smith. Within the last few years these houses have ORGANS IN THE CItYSTAL PALACE.
minute• %destiny, to detect all the intermediate bra- putties. it to ,sac, that the disposition of the holes succeeded in perfecting to a high degree all the fa- The attention of the visitor in quest of musical hi-
d:aide. of linetievt. •in each curd depends chiefly 011 the nature bries into the compotetion of which mohair enters. struntents must (unless strongly biased in another dirce.
Ail adjoi aa ill g "how-case, Moore. Milligan's en- ' and size of the pa: tern in the direction of the weft, I The one combining, in the mast eminent degree, du- don) have Wen attracted by the organs, which stand cou-
ches,. beautiful .Miele devises front l'eru in the ' and the number of cards on the pattern in the '1 rability and gloanness of surface, is that woven of spicuous in size and appearance. There are various speei. 1
crude stale in which they lire impeded, as elea five direction attic warp, each set of cants being only • all intermixture of silk, mohair. and wool. The dif- mote of this king of instruments, of all degrees of magui-
different qualities Idler hating hecti deemed and available for a single pattern; ninety thousand, as! ferent shades of colours of which it is susceptible are tulle and importance; from the sutall chamber organ, of
dry seed. With the, there appear. moreover, team- we mentioned a few days sitter, having been con- veers vatiotte. three or four stops, up to the Leviathan iustrunient which
pies of ineluir or melee-wool from *l*, doot:aiaa., 01 Sllllllll ill giving effect to the design displayed upon Sleeers. l'owc 11, of ltegenf-street, the patentees of rein its lofty omens at the western end of the gallery.
the Sultan, toets• Ater with the peculiar tong-toothed a cotton table cover represeuting the Gnat Exhabi- the double faced cloths, have euspettiled divers sped- This gigantic- instrument
ent is of the largest Class of church
csettlss well in the first pmetrutory pre yeas The ela lion Building.mens so as to show at a glance the contraet presented organ., and its size and extent may be judgedof fruits the
feet or thet promo is apparent enough. for by the' or late ye-irs it has become the practice to inter- by the upper and the lower surface of each Thu-, • . • , synopsis which we shall give of i's contents. It is built by
Pith. of the coinbe are - *liven' "of the long *silky mingle munch cotton with certain stuffs—such as cone is a tong. ht green above, dark blue beneath; an- Mr. a young eouoloa organdmilder, who doubtless
mohair perfectly dieentungled and freed from cx- Parainattu and Orleans, wherein the warp is cotton ; other brown and grey. a third bears a particular ad, Willis,ls k by this great effert; step he me-
tronome eutotances, the meta teeth of the comb re- the weft only. ref worsted. But if we advert to an check on one side and a totally different check on the teMi tao:na e hi.' hrame•
y serves high praise fur the boldness and spirit of his
tai ll Mina the .• noil," air portion they have severed admixture, ea width a (loam for cheapness ' reverse, a fourth from an Oxfo•rd mixture becomes a ,
after the ',User has leen removal!. Sax slivers of dif- LAS hVell the prevailing motive, what will our ' light grey, and a fifth is convertible from a carrel
tiny would
rprise, by which the Exhibition is put 111 pos•cm/juml of
:seta:mama of for greater ntagnotutle and costliness than it
&nett hue' urn then shown side by side, together leaders say to natant eliewls manufactured; a light brown. It is difficult, perhaps, to assign mild otherwise have boasted. The instrument re-
with the result of their eta 111 l . when all drawn to (by thessre. Bide, of Chipping Norton.) of the very extended use to these commodities, wan are • which is constructed somewhat after
one sliver. '!'le -etulthing - drown I' the six soft 11 own of the heaver. Their appaaranee is at ;chiefly to be regarded on account of the mechanical she German model, has three rows of key. (or "elvers" uppeans next, together with other inter- once• novel and unique; and it' the coo de nut deter ' skill and elexterity required in the manufacture.
Messrs.. claviers)—the great organ, the choir organ, anol the swell,
motion. proses...ow (which we shall lweeently explain). punkt:veer:a we may confidently predict a gnat run 1 The varieties of felted cloths supplied by
the compass of each being from C C cin the boss) to g to
tuttil at last the finished alpha coating% and mix- for them. goods. In softness and silkiness of texture , Wilkineon, of St. trades Mills, require attention
alt (56 note e).
tares are laid before us in ale elate fit few wee. they exceed the richest velvet, while for wactath ' from their imortance. They commiee sheathing for . It tae two octaves and a-half of pedals; and
1 seven coupline stop., by 1111,134 of winch the three rows of
Mess,. ' ' .
.11.1attason•. of leadater, have fitted up a and lightness they stand unequalled. The same vowels; waddle cloths; gun wadding ; medical cloth, , keys can be united in V.triOU. ways, and the pedals bmught i
cao• cumuli gno lees than lan different etualitha ot manuractureas have tent in what are termed ree•al waterproofed on one side: brown and blue pilots,
r, to act on each of the three claviers at pleasure. The pedal
arn. severally intended air common hoewry, fleecy aimeaa, alp*. et drama and royal shawls. all admint- aparently capable of resisting either satin, cut
osiery, embietiekry, and raft knitting.. thaene ble of (hear kind, but none appreewhing in delicacy 'pre od ball: Their deneit • al . indeed
great orgeu ha: '29 stops, numbering in all
14 stops, the total nuonberof pipes being '
an compactness is .. ltwo in. of the sanw town, have a very iittereet- to the firetommed beaver. ! remarkable., when we consider the mode in which I'''6. The ing dieplay of woe-steel yarns for hand knit.: .
tt woos little distance front these. which certainly . they are manuft .t red,end the • to. „
of the' 1,456 pipes. The choir orgon, consisting of 11etops, contains
, .. . ..t u - can hardly be cheaitied under the head of woollens, pntio le on which the fibres are interlocked and" pipes. The swell organ, with 22 stops, commands
nun ta a-ket. in flit varieties: ethers still more we come to a counter. Meaers. Early of Wit 3*. h I I together- illaiel pipes.
mentos• iu odour for the .tuseriean. while a further (No. astaa bearing a number of blanket., with piewi• ! 'Talk" smatterer.to this department will doubtless not 1
of piperi, 1,471. This organ has the application of the recta-
The total number of stol: including coupler:, is 77;
pereel. dee udingly brilliant in hue, is intended for men, of the fleeces of which they are•*
pis- Id. : depart athout inspecting the stuff( of Messrs. Green
- matic valve, the invention of Mr. Raker, awl first applied
fancy 11414it•ry and embroidery; together with merino Here have we the wool, both raw and ntantul)famc-tu're4d, ' and Son. of Tweets; the 'listings of Moors. George yarns for knitting. ex. Meesna flumes.. of lenses- from Mr. llitehman's Oxfordehire half-find sheep ' and the Iwo believe by Mom. Camilla, the French oreen-beilder.
te damasks of Me-sew. Pease; together with an ter. provide the student in the to atilt. art with ammo- front the Duke of Richmond's South(' from.-
; infinite•• • . The effect of this movement is to lighten the vetch which
owne. variety of - , , .
other articles from various well plea of wool in various castes prepared both for NI ('large I 0 On' I •
r.s, o x • e tire. long wool ; Mr. liar- ' known manufacturers, which we have not space hero in instrunee ,nts of gnat magnitude on the old systeut is
apinfei:ig worsted and woollen yarns. (lit one elite yey's half-heed merinos: the Duke of l'ort land's !South .to particularise.We - however, e,ois usually so deep and heavy a, to fatigue and distress the
ita . may, add est lat. „ . . . . .
we !rase the unprepared Wmkslm While 41111cr the el'lltrf det•wne. Mr. (farnee'e Cotswolds. the Earl of 1 - h ht following at 'cut will bear the closest
1 t
.tplayer, and render ditfieult oor impossible any passages of
of' the gatee there are fleecy yarns. Berlin wool yarns. dale's merinos.. and Mr. Jonas Wel '•
' .11)4 Southdown. l, scrutiny. , rapid execution. With the pneumatic valve, however, the
other.* for woollen gloves. regale, }said.. Jae., alto- But the due before which the greatest number of , The union "saes " and shallows of MMus. Sag- . touch of the largest organ i, rendered almost as facile and ,
seedier 107 varieties sleeted from Englieh—twitra- tadmiring visitors are congregatedthat of 1 fK•11. •
worsted
usually congregate is
lien. German. Egyptian, Mohair. and Alpaca.
It • will be well now to proceed to another part of nets- be' .seen inwonderful rf • '
Messrs. Gott and Suns. of*Leede (No. 731. Iliac cotton warp, both very strong and serviceable. Their connecting with the moven, ut °reach ke ' I
y a small nnervoir,
pe ection and beauty the plain and sniped calarnancoes and "says," all wool, into which, on the pres,ure of the key, the wind rushes
the • sem• department which Misers Brookes, of end and aim fallo the processes hourly going on in of tine texture end quality. , foam the main bellows of the instrument with such force as
Ilenley, hev •.. e appropriatele. &aimed with a cabinet the builditte• armed, not to mention mans-others of The figured to relieve the dn •
Angoras and gauze lace of Messrs. finger of the pi rformer from that effort which
of fslas'inu tie ef the more a:leans...a stages of the art ; sue k the •km that could not be exhibited: i Bottontley, composed of mohair and silk ; their figured would otherwise be necessary. The same principle has been
firm we have atoortett Silesem oetal ;rhea the Same : "
ftne• ( fhe . • loth, here tastefully grouped according ' mohair lustre, and Orleans of worsted and cotton. also applied by Mr. Willis to the mechanism for 1 • rowing
mound, woaded. deed. teaztel, %crib:tied. carded, &c.. .to their sestina, quality. and sue, are respectively ! The Cobourg cloths, shawl cloths, and priueett ' the stops, which, in additioa to the old method of re ' gtsters
until we finally Mid it in the. ford of wa ' re-ady for the * *'
home. the Russian, the Chinese, and' of Messrs. Peel, of Bradford.
the, 1.,.m. Three
we hate
the
raw
and a, .a _ intended
i fur , place.' on each side of the performer, he effects by means
thread. the balk or milled cloth, the cho'hioe•our.t (I .tinerican markets. liens too, as in content-1 The beautiful danuesks and hangings of Messrs. lof little brass knobs placed °ter the key:, so that
emptied ready fur boiling, boiled, watered, "i
plating the cottons it is curious and not uninetructirn Itoldsworth, Messrs. Ward. and Messrs. 11. Cree, of • the player may, by an in ineou: touch of his
and to observe the eagerness with which fhiehed. some nations Halifax. Messrs. .tkroyd display some magniticent ! thumb, while playing, effect the desired change. The
e thsers. Townend, of Cullingworth. have stocked; select the gaudiest and others the *Arrest apparel. drapery of new design : the ground is a deep am- organ is what is technically termed a 32-feet instrument,
another rase (171' with raw material f P . • Within the last few days great has been the acti- bar with rich crimson and white flowers strewn over' which signifies that the deep--u-toned pipe is uominally 2',
• from Northumberkind. and Lincoln from ern, soy in this department, and the display of goods of it; others, in which the ground is green. crossed by feat in lute h—giving the auto which • German, .• ' the Gain.
.It contains pop- the highest • • •
mialtte and most perfect texture is now a crimson stripe, and relieved with golden I 'Web as CCCes in other w Is•
ort , two octaves lower than
lin Tarn. mohair poplin. worded veep le cord, • ,so- truly flea:ending.. Here it is that groups of foreigners flowers, ace 'fold( mohair yarn ta a great number of varieties, * . • •I the fourth string of a violoncello. From what we heard
, may continually be' seen discussing the merits of a , It must not. however, be supposed that those ex- and examined, we ' are disposed to augur favoarnbly •ff the

TILE CAI:itIAGES.

When the attraction PTA novelty of the sculpture,
the jewellery, the MOnlini, and the gohl and silver work,
shall have worn off a little public attention, nut satiated.
but stimulated in a new direction, will no doubt be term ,1
to the various articles of practical utility or substantial
luxury that occupy the back settlement.; of the Palace of
Industry. When that time arrives, visiting to the carriage
department of the Crystal Palace will be frequent, where
the public will find every variety of vehicular architecture.,
from the light Irish jaunting car to the substantial.
English carriage, varied with the more highly decorated
, achievements of our continental neighbours in Belgium, in
France, Sardinia, and even in Turkey. To obtain legend:lrd
as to what is really good and useful, the visitor had better
begin at home, and examine the splendid vehicles which
oar English manufacturers, metropolitan and proviaeial,
have supplied. The Messrs. Rock, of Hastings, have
exhibited a carriage of very elegant coietruetion which
they call a didrophis, and which, by a very simple
contrivance is made to do duty in three several ca-
pacities. The top and bottom of the body are distinct, and
the former is a duplicate, and according as these peculiari-
ties of structure arc brought to bear it becomes a different
carriage. In its entirety it is a barouche ; by taking off
the top it becomes an open carriage ; while the substi-
tution of the second top make it a el:entice. The mechani-
cal arrangements for carrying out these transformations are
extremely simple and complete. The specimens sent by
Mr. 1). Navies, of Wigmore-steel, exhibit many
elegant improvements in form, as well as some Inge-
niote; contrivance. for the facile working of the carriage.
They are dome-roofed, thus giving greater altitude, and as
a consequence better ventilation, and the anterior panels,
which are rounded off, instead of the old angular fiehion,
arc filled with plate glass, giving plenty of light in the
interior, and a good look-out. But what struck us ns the
original and very useful idea in these carriages is what the
patent,a. calls (coaehmakers are very fond of Greek) the
Attuktobathron step. This step is raised and lowered
pimply by the opening of the door, so that the services of
the footman may, if necessary, Ise dispensed with. The
• ingenuity and practical utility of the contrivance seemed
very much to strike the visitors. An invalid carriage is
exhibited by Mr. Willoughby, of Oxford-street, which
seems admirably adapted fur the purpaw; but the mode
of illustrating its use by the presence of a ghastly lay figure
stretched at length in the inside is rather startling, and
may have an unpleasaut elfeet on the delicate nerves of
valetudinarians. 'l•he mode of entry at the back
is in our judgtu:•ut open to objeetiou on the•
saute grounds. Mc•.rs. Moore, of Derby, have some
splendid specimens of coach building, but there dill nut
appear to anything particularly nosed in their construc-
tion. Messrs. Ilallmarke end Adelbert base confined
the-unwise. to the lighter and more elegant deseription of
phaeton. One specimen is peculiarly elegant, the body
being in the form of n shell, painted a delicate white, awl
the decorations quite iu charach r with its classical contour.
This carriage look. eineediugly gay, but will probably har-
monise more with continental notions than the *utterer
tastes of this country. The credit of L•mg-acne is also well
upheld in the gorgeous fuldelresa elteriut exhibited by
Wyburn and Co., which would create quite a sensation on
drawing-room day. There are also in this department some'
apex iinells 14 that light mud very us. Cul vehicle, the !risk
outside jaunting ear. These ears, which can be got up very
cheap, are adininehly adapted fur pleasant country roads
where the re is ant lOWA tragic, and w hen• the object is to
sea the country, to get the fresh air, and to jump
up and down without much trouble. liar Mejesty, on
her late visit to Ireland, was nitieh pl'•ascd with one upon
which the Duke of Linter drove her round the park at
Curtin, and was graciously pleased to accept of one for exer-
cise in Windsor Park. The specimens sent over might,
however, be better. and hardly do justice to the principle'.
One objection to their use in the inure busy highways about
Loniline is, that the legs of the passengers Ix ing turned out-
ward., are sometime a liable to be whilst off by sonic rival
Jelin, who prides leituself in turning a corner to a hair.
This defect, however, is remedied in a vehicle contributed
by Mosses. Hutton, of Dublin, in which the seats arc placed
"fore and aft," as a sailor would say, hut with the draw-
back of removing th.• horse farther fre in his draught. In
more humble departments there is a Victoria omnibus, from
Edinburgh, which is quite a monster in its way. It is
mail; to holt! 19 passengers inside, with ample centn. space,
and the roof almost high enough to stand lee It is to
be drawn by three li',rsev abreag, and is intended for Was- I
Row. Another omnibus of smeller sire, is remarkable fur
its wonderful t'aonnml• of ,:sae', mail the ingenious
contrivance by which tit• door is made to open on either
side. The patent., , Mr. Rock, has, by paring away the
interior sheathing and making the witolms slide laterally
on the outside, c ottrivel to give the p isoaigers Rix inches
more space fur their legs, and the door, when opened, runs
round an iron semicircle instead of turning on a permanent
hinge, fm) that the conductor is enabled to take up passen-
gers on either side ti ith equal facility. Among the foreign
carriage, the specimens exhibited are more rein:irk:lMo for
showiness in the details than high perfection in construe-
that. The hest are from Belgium, but the manufacturer
rejoices in the not very uncommon English name of Jones,
so that it is doubtful whether we may not claim some small
share in their excellency. There is a small ratan. from
Turin which is worth inspectinn, from the very curious
method in which wood is twisted into the necessary form.
Th; artist *ems to have completely overcome the' inflexi-
bility of the naterial, and twist, it into any shape necessary
for his purpose. A Turkish sledge is a very splendid speci-
men of Ottoman workmanship, and far surpasses the sit:a-
men, of the vehicle we have received from America.