The Express.
London, England, 1847-12-06 00:00:00

ERMINATION OF THE WAR IN SWITZER-

The following appeared in part of our edition on
Saturday :
The intercantonal war is at an end. The
last of the outstanding cantons of the League, the
Valais, has anticipated the menaced attack upon it by
voluntary submission. The delegates of the canton
signed a capitulation with the federal officer in com-
mand, Col. Rilliet Constant, on the evening of the 28th,
at St. Maurice. The federal troops were to occupy
the canton on the 30th. _

—The state and federal chests, which had been carried
off by the Sonderbund authorities from Lucerne, were
surrendered to the cantonal government of Uri, by
which they were restored to the provisional govern-
ment at Lucerne. M. Bois le Comte, on the evening
of the 30th, sent the collective note of the four powers—
England, France, Austria, and Prussia—to the Vorort.
The Journal des DEWs says, that M. Bois le Comte
also sent it to the Sonderbund. The journal of M.
Ouizot does not say where the latter was found to
receive it. The Sonderbund had ceased to exist on
the 28th, when its last canton renounced the title.

Since receiving the above, later advioes inform us that
all the cantons will now be represented at the Diet. The
only question unsettled is the claim advanced in the re-
script of the King of Prussia as sovereign of Neuf-
chatel, that that principality shall be neuter during
the war. But the war being at an end this claim
becomes Illusory. Nenfchittel has offered to pay its
contingent to the federal treasury in money, bat has
refused it in men. Al men are no longer needed, this
' refusal loses all other meaning save the assertion of a
principle. At the departure of the last mail the com-
mittee of seven were still sitting on this question. It
was reported that the cantonal government of Neuf-
°Wel would be required to acknowledge in a formal
manner the right of the federal government to de-
mand and enforce the contingent in actual troops,
which acknowledgment should be deemed sufficient,
but that, failing this, the division commanded by
Colonel Burkhard should be ordered to occupy the
p The rincity.
pali
cantonal and iladend chests which had been
carried off from UMW by the Sonderbund chiefs,
were returned, but it wee Mud that about twenty
thonaand pounds of the eats* of the Wife had been
abstracted. The contents of lids abut Inn the com-
mon property of the whole Osallidnentien.
The Valais was occupied by the Mead troops. A
meeting was held at Sion, the chief place of the can-
ton, for the purpose of appointing a provisional go-
vernment.
The following letter has beta received from Vevey,
dated the 80th alt
The esee..dedes of the Valide hes ben concluded in
nearly the ems new se that of —abandonment of the'
BonfedesaL dharming of the respect of per-
sons end mewl". It his beta Aped by IL Thumps end
IL ds Taints, delerMes et ths ossed Osumi efthe Vehds,
end Amid monks efllnt ewes, The me at the mum thee
=ale_ agates IL Is/banssAWn efthe disbatenhip with
u had bun hyena. • Ify a semmAse Angels oda-
slimes the mehohilen bes ban senebsied in the howls of
issommot Ikentasaffeesireg. The win Added to
Lek ths Weis in seessessnee Ihs seenlinseve ef
1564. Nine Whams el 'shiny, her compeadee or-
thank end Vase batiste' of artillery hare entered the

r Valais to-day, but the commandant will soon dismiss a part
of his troops to lessen the charge', already so heavy, which
are about to weigh on that unfortunate country.
The Federal Gazette of Berne of the let recom-
mends that the government should demand the resti-
tution of the cannon taken by the state of Lucerne
from the free corps ; institute en inquiry as to the
quantity of foreign arms received by the Solider-
band; and contract a loan with the United States of
America, in order to be prepared against all even-
tualities.
The Bide Gazette of the 2nd publishes the official
report from Colonel Rilliet of the submission of the
Valais, on the same conditions as the other cantons,
with the exception that Colonel Millet has agreed, in
consequence of the poverty of the YAWN through the
sacrifices made to the Sonderbund, to leave a smaller
number of federal troops in it than has been done
with Friburg and Lucerne.
A letter from Zurich states that the Jesuits have
fled from the canton of Schwytz, and that the house
in which they resided had been pillaged by the in-
habitants.

The mediation of the great powers in the
affairs of the Helvetic Confederation, was the
prevailing topic in all the circles in Paris on Friday
and Saturday. On this subject the public there are
I naturally more sensitive and excitable than we who
I are less connected with the theatre of the events. To
what is the mediation to; be directed? is a question
asked in every quarter. To dissolve the Sonderbund ?
But it is dissolved.—To put an end to hostilities?
But they have ceased.—To induce the parties to dis-
arm ? But one party is disarmed, and the other is in
the act of gradually disbanding.—To settle the ques-
tion of the Jesuits? But the reverend fathers are
gone. The cantonal governments are being reconsti-
tuted. They are sending delegates to the Diet—To
prevent the adoptiuo of a new Pact without the con-
sent of all the cantons ? But this is essential to the
very character of a new Pact, if one be proposed. It
cannot bind any canton which does not assent to it.
It pre-supposes the present Pact dissolved and the
Confederacy resolved into its original elements. What,
then, are the objects to which the mediation is te be
directed, seeing that all the proposed bases are faits
accomplis? Such are the observations heard in
every quarter.
The Paris ministerial journals quote at length a
very long article in the Austrian Observer (the offi-
cial organ of the government) of the 28th ult., on the
refusal of General Dufour to deliver a safe conduct to
a secretary of M. Bois-le-Comte is visit Lucerne.
This journal admits that General Dufour, as the chief
of the army, had an undoubted right to give or refuse
this pate ; but contends that M. Bois-le-Comte took a
correct view of his position in supposing that he was
the representative of France to the whole of the 22
cantons of Switzerland, and had therefore a right to
hold communication with them separately. The
article in the Austrian Observer denies the legiti-
macy of the Swiss Diet in its war with the cantons
of the minority, and attacks in strong terms what it
calls the young radicalism of the majority.

Four Madrid mail/ were due in Paris on Friday
and Saturday, those of the 26th to the 29th alt.inclu-
sire, of which those of the 26th and 27th only had ar-
rived when our correspondent despatched his letters
on Saturday evening. The journals are chiefly occu-
pied with the proceedings of the Cortes. The
tenure of diplomatic appointments under the Spanish
government has become so precarious, or, to speak
more correctly, it is so certain that the nominee will
be recalled or dismissed immediately on or soon after
his arrival at his post, that it has now become very
difficult to find persons who will consent to accept
them. M. Pacheco had not had more than an

audience to deliver his credentials at the Quirinal
when he was superseded by another ex-minister.
The embassy at Paris is still vacant ; no
one will have it. General Roe de Olano, who
accepted the mission at Lisbon, has thought
better of the matter, and it is said declines it. M.

Salamanca has signified his intention to abstain from
taking his place in the chamber until the charges
preferred against him shall come to be investigated.
The usual rumours of impending changes in the
cabinet, to take place after the debate on the address,
continued to be afloat.

We learn from Catalonia that the captain-general of
that province has announced a pardon for all persons
in the ranks of the insurgents who shall make their
submission within a fortnight. Previously to this an-
nouncement there had been several executions. On
the 18th ult. Captain Gelet, of the band of Caletons
was shot ; on the 21st the insurgent chief Miguel
Abelian underwent the same fate; and on the 22nd,
Sirera, another chief, was executed.
Don Francisco de Paula, uncle of the Queen, and
father of the King of Spain, arrived at Valladolid
with his daughter, on the 22nd ult. His royal high-
imas was received by the authorities with all the
honours due to his rank.

We have received with the other Italian journals
the Corriere Livornese of the 26th alt., from which we
extract the following important and gratifying intel-
licetc.zßETWZlN TVICLNY 1.:c1) MODENA. —PIITILA-
13LITU, Nov. 24.—We have just received the happy intelli-
gence of peace being concluded in the two states; all the I
troop* retire this day to their respective quarters; ours to
their own homes, those of Tuscany to the different fortresses
from whence they came. There is also a report that the
duchy of Massa and Carrara is to belong to Tuscany.
The assembly of provincial deputies composing
the council of state of the pontifical states have put
forth in their first public act a most important docu-
ment, in the shape of an address to the sovereign
pontiff, in reply to his speech delivered previously to
opening their proceedings. This address is in fact a
programme of the measures of administrative reform
and improvement which they propose to submit to
the sovereign. After some forms of respect for his
holiness the address proceeds
111 The establishment of this council has been by far the
greatest benefit conferred by ysur holiness on your people.
By it you have—a novel thing—given the laity a participa-
tion in public affairs, and you have afforded one of those
solid guarantees which can in nowise injure the essential
conditions of the pontifical government. Encouraged by
the kind words of your holiness, and by the blessing you
have brought down upon our heads, we are preparing to
examine, with candour and impartiality, the important
matters of public administration, wilich are is be submitted
to our consideration, avoiding carrully an inert timidity
or unbounded pretensions.
The following are the reforms the council declares
itself reedy to examine, promising to afford the Pope
their eager assistance to forward their being put into
execution
• • •

The introduction of civil equality and of unity in every
part of the legislation—e just balance of revenues and ex-
penses en equal divadon of taxes ; the diminution or sup-
pression of all charges which fall on the poor chum or
which impede the development of national prosperity; the
re-establishment of public credit; the destruction of mono-
poly, and the eatenason of commareial liberty. The intro-
duction into the state of such measures as will secure the mo-
rality, economy, simplicity, and the nomination u well as
the advancement of capable Ituietioneries. The special pre-
tection of agriculture and industry. The organisation of a
military force truly national. The introduction in the pri-
sons of a regimen which may render the penalty net a pu-
nishment which degrades, but a manure which may promote
the regeneration of the culprit. The extension throughout
the provinces of the municipal system, such as it is at Rome
—end lastly, the adoption of a system of education and pub-
lic instruction, and of a just and moral policy.
The council request, in order to give due attention
to such vast reforms, to be allowed time, and an en-
tire tranquillity of mind. The address is terminstod
by these words :
It his been often experiensed that reforms have seism
from popular exigencies ; they have taken their origin ban
litults and &teeter • they. have been obtained by blood-
ied and by tears. Buti with us it is the first and most re-
speetable authority who takes the initiative in the improve-
ment demenaled by civilisation. lie himself directs the
paths wind with a wide and measured movement ; he
guides us towards the supreme term of human activity,
which is the reign of j ustioe and of truth upon earth !
The Corner. Lwornese gives the following letter
from Turin:

Each day beings new and excellent orders from the king,
who pones Mated( to be • great reformer and a true Italian.
The new kw ea the press is now under consideration, and
will be promalgated this evening, or Monday at the farthest.
bee tested against the rejoicings of the Pied-
mont= . It is teeredible but it a a fact. The
was presaged to the Minister of Foreign Affairs
y =soda, Naples, and France England and Prussia have
I nobly rotund to take a port in this set. The French minis-
ter really aft a due *ore in it. The king was justly in-
dignant: la kw sad repeak " Italy will act for hersolf,"—
weds while le deserve to be sac sten on the heart of
awry wal.daildft Italian.
Letters from Naples to the Nth init have been re-
ceived. On thsp=ixf the 22nd, while the mili-
tary band was as tonal in the court of the
palace, an smosabhige of or light hundred persons
came there and Mooed loud Ghouls in favour of the
Xing, of the Pop% sad of Italian union. They then
went to the theatre, where the Prince of Salerno,
uncle of the Bing, was present, and uttered the same

exclamations. The King was absent at Partici. Thii
effervescence was supposed to be produced by the
satisfaction felt by the people for the retirement of
M. Santangelo from the ministry.
On the 23rd the Gazette announced the final aboi.
tion of courts-martial, and a royal order that all pre,
secutions should be conducted before the ordinary tri.
buns's. A decree of amnesty in favour of ?semi
imprisoned under suspicion at Reggio and Messina
was also published.
On the 24th, the popular enthusiasm augmented,
and five or six thousand persons assembled in freeat
of the palace uttering the same exclamations so before,
but adding others in favour of a constitution, a gene,
rid amnesty, and substantial reforms. This crowd
then passed up the Via Toledo (the principal street of
the town), and uttered like exclamations in front of
the hotel of the Nuncio. Thousands of pieces of paper
were scattered bearing an inscription in favour of a
general amnesty and the Italian league. No disorder
attended these manifestations, nor did the police in.
terfere.

A letter, dated Leghorn, the 25th, says that an
Austrian offiLer, who had arrived there from Egypt,
reported haying seen the English squadron consisting
of six ships, three frigates, and three steamers, et
about sixty miles from Naples. The French squadron
had left the gulf of Sperms.

CONSTANTINOPLE, Nov. 19.
You will remember that nearly a month since the
Greek government appealed to the five great powers for the
settlement of the ditlerence existing between these and the
Porte. The opinion I then gave of that proceeding on the
part of the mini.ten of King Otho, seems to have bees
shared by the Turkish government. The conduct of the
Athenian cabinet since the beginning of the disagreement
between the two countries has been marked by low intrigue
sled vulgar subterfuge. The note addressed by the Greek
government to the live great powers was a recapitulation of
the whole question, from the refusal of Museums to en
passport to the Clepth Karataseo to the adoption of coercive
mesenres by the Porte. The document from one end to
the other is stained with that peculiar quality which, Wand-
ing to that good natured man ht. Piscatory, entitled Coletti
to immortality. 3 roe Turkish government have replied,
in seriatim, and completely refuted every article contained
in the note of the Greek ministers. The reply of the Porte
was distributed to the representatives of the five grist
powers on the 16th inst., and the calm, dear, and dignified
style in which it was draw up seems -to have given general
satisfaction. The most important article in the memoran-
dum of the Turkish goverment is, where allusion to the
coercive measures which have been already adopted, and
their determination to render them still more rigorous.
_

The coasting trade licti been suspended, and the area con-
sulates throughout the empire have been shut up;
but •as these mess tees have not produced the de-
sired effect, the Turkish government is determined
to forbid the entrance of the Greek flag under say
circumstances into the ports of the Ottoman empire. This
determination is not mentioned in the memorandum ad-
dreseed on the 16th inst to the five great powers, but I
know on the best authority that such is is part the meaning
of the article alluding to " more rigorous measures." This
is the present position of the Turco-Greek question, but it is
rapidly drawing to a close. The document will prove my
repeated assertions to be correct, that Russia alone will reap
any profit from these dissensions. King Otho must be deaf
to all else but the whisperings of his vanity, or he might ere
this have learned that the close of this question will be the
close of his own royal career.
The finances of this country are in a very dilapidated state.
The Sultan of late has been spending enormous sums in
public festivals and in presents to his ministers. The rejoic.
Digs at 'Lydia Pasha, on the occasion of the circumcision of
the Sultan's children, cost nearly 1,000,0001. ; and it will
give some idea of the style in which his majesty confers gifts,
when it is known that he lately gave the Grandoeraddir
30,0001., merely as a slight mark of his satisfaction. Seim
Pasha, the Minister of Finance, has three times sent in his
resignation, but it has been each time refused.
It is now doubted whether the cholera exists at all at Con-
stantinople. Odd cues, however, still continue to be reported
by the quarantine authorities. By order of the government,
quarantine, as regards the cholera, has been abolished—not
from a supposition that the epidemic does not extet in the
country, but from an idea that such precautions are entirely
useless.

AUSTRIA.—RUYOURED INCORPORATION OF Gar,
LICIA WITH THE KINGDOM OF HIINOLEY.—AOcarding to
the Nuremberg Courier, a report is very current amongst
the higher orders of the Polish nobility of the above pro-
since, that the Hung►rian diet, basing their rights on several
important documents, will discuss the question of the incor-
poration of Gallicia with the kingdom of Hungary.
THE CHOLERA IN 0 4LLlClA.—Acoorcling to the
Swabian Mercury, •fcial intelligence has been received of
the outbreak of the cholera in the above Austrian province.
It is added that it has appear Ain a violent form, (•roared
by the want of proper food amongst the humbler classes.
PRUSSIA.—EMIGRATION.—According to official
returns it appears that the number of emigrants from Prussia
from Oct. 1, 1844, to Sept. 30. 1845, was 9,239, who carried
with them • capital of 1,681,035 doh.; and in the Naas
period from 1845 to 1846, the emigration was 16,622 persons,
with a capital of 2,515,957 dollars : thus in two years about
25001 persons have quitted Prussia, taking with them a
capital of 4,196,992 dol.. During the course of this year the
emigration has bee. far greater.
The Unireraal anal Gatette contains the procla-
mation of the accession to the throne of Frederick William
1., in consequence of the demise of kis father, the elector,
William 11.

DEPARTURE OF THE HIBERNIA.—The Hibernia,
steamer, Capt. Apia, sailed from Liverpool on Saturday
afternoon, for Halifax and Breton. She carries oat no
specie. Oa her return voyage, this magnificent steam-ship
will leave New York instead of Boston.

gbt Court.

- -
Viscount Palmerston arrived at Osborne on Satur-
day afternoon, on a visit to her Majesty. The Chevalier
Bunsen also arrived at Osborne on Saturday evening from
town, on a visit to her Majesty. lila Royal dinner party at
Osborne on Saturday included the Chevalier Bunsen, Vis-
count Palmerston, and Sir .1. Clark. Her Majesty and
Prince Albert, and the ladies and gentlemen of the Royal
suite, attended Divine service yesterday morning in Osborne.
The Hon. and Rev. C. L. Courtenay officiated.
The Duchess of Cambridge visited the Duchess of
Gloucester yesterday, at Gloucester House.
A Cabinet Council was held at 3 o'clock on Satur-
day afternoon, at Lansdowne House, Berkeley-square. The
ministers present were, Lord J. Russell, the Marquis of
Lansdowne, Sir G. Grey, Earl Grey, the Chancellor of the
Exchequer, the Earl of Auckland, Lord Campbell, the Mar-
quis of Clanricarde, Viscount Morpeth, the Right Hon. T.
B. Macaulay, and the Right Hon. H. Labouchere.
A deputation, including Mr. H. Tootal, Mr. Walk-
inshaw, and Mr. .1. Wheelert had an interview with the
Right Hon. B. Strutt on Saturday, at the office of the Caw-
miabioners of Railways. Sir J. Pally had an interview with
Earl Grey on Saturday, at the Colonial-office. The Chair-
man of the East India Company and the Deputy Chairman
had an interview on Saturday with the Chancellor of the
Eachesuer, at his official residence in Downierstreet. Yr.
G. Craig had an interview on Saturday with the Right.
Hon. E. Strutt.
Viscount Palmerston loft town on Saturday for her
Majesty's marine resideace, Osborne, Isle of Wight.
COLONIAL APPOINTNENT.—James Coleman Fitz-
patrick, Esq., of the Irish bar, is appointed Judicial Ames-
/or at Cape Coast Castle.

Roues CATHOLIC ARCHBISHOP OF WESTMINSTER.
—Our correspondent at Rome informs us that Dr. Webb,
having declined, in consequence of advanced age, the above
ofilce, the Pope ken beeteowl the archiepiscopal mitre en
Dr. Wiseman. The usual despatch from Propaganda is on
its way to England.
REFORMATION OF JUVENILE OFFENDEBS.—At the
quarterly Reneral meeting of the members of the
Philanthropic Society, St. George'efields on Friday,
the 3rd met the Right Hon. W. E. Olmletone,
M.P. was elected a vice president of the society. It wu
stated at the meeting that Lord Morpeth had consented to
take the chair at a public dinner of the society's friends early
in the ensuing spring: 101 boys have been admitted from
different prisons, police-courts, &c., since the Ist January ;
90 have been placed out in different situations during the
Mom period ; the number now in the institution is 114. An
111114111, appeal to the public was resolved on in connexion
with the premed dinner, the committee being still obliged
to Mdse ono-half of the applications made to them on
amount of the society's still limited resources.
ELECTION OF A PARISH PRIEST.—A vestry wu
held in the Edgewme vestry•rootn, to receive a communitytion from Dr. Lee, of Hartwell, wherein he made the novel
proposition of filling up the incumbency of lidgeware,
vacant by the dooease of the Bev. T. S. Hughes, to the in-
habitants in vestry mumbled. The rev. doctor's list un-
tamed the names of the following gentlemen :—Dr. Tattam,
Archdeacon of Bedford_ ; Rey. T. Spencer, of Hinton Char-
ter-home, Bath ; Dr. Hussey, rector of Hayes, Kent; Dr-
Hindu, of Kelly Leagh, county Down, Ireland ; Bev. T.
Wall, curate of Sodbury, near Bristol ; and the Rev. Pro-
fessor Powell, of Oxford—ell men eminent for their scientific
or literary attainments. After reading this lengthy Mee,
wherein the works and capabilities of the several persons
were enumerated, it was determined unanimously to sodoPi
the oommunieation, and the thanks of the perish were voted
to Dr. Lee for his kindness. The vestry was then adjourned
to the 24th ult., when the selection was to be made.; On that
day there was a very full attendance of the rate-payers.
Wm. Phillimore, Esq., of Deacon's-hill, Edgeware, said he
had made every inmrythat he could as to the fitness of sock
for the care of a perish. Dr. Lee had selected six men (in a
most liberal manner), eminent either *a utrunozners, geome-
tricians, travellers, or linguists • but those attainments were
not to be taken into the considerstion of those who had to
chow in reference to the duties to be pm rformed : it was
which of them was most likeilzio perform the duties of
PexiahTF:eP°;tePerithv.esteLitev.lnJ.th:BeTer7tWaysallethrmense ;Ins, edannanndb,yaleMrthro.nliWg:ll4B"daSSTtnn"gtrel;
in the parish, said he Mt the queetion te of to much

Pim'