The Express.
London, England, 1847-03-08 00:00:00

milt (!I_4rurt.

The Queen and Prince Albert took their usual air.
ings nn Saturday in the vicinity of Osborne House. Their
Royal Highnesses the Prince of Wales, Prince Alfred, the
Princess Royal, and the Princess Mice, walked and rode
on Saturday morning, in the pleasure grounds of Osborne
House.

Their Royal llighnesaes the Duchess of Cambridge
and the Princess Mary, attended Divine service yesterday
morning in Orcevenor Chapel. Baroness Hummerstein and
Baron Knesebeck were in waiting on the Royal Duchess.
H.R.H. the Duke of Cambridge attended Divine service
yesterday morning in St. Paul's Church. Knightsbridge.
H.KII. the Duchess of Cambridge honoured the
Italian Opera with her presence on Saturday evening.

- -
A Cabinet Council was held at half-past 2 o'clock
on Saturday afternoon, at the Foreign Office. The Ministers
present were Lord John Romell, the ?darqiiii of Lana-
olowne, the Earl of Minto, Sir George Grey, Viscount Pal-
merston, Earl Grey, the Earl Auckland, Sir John Hob-
house, Lord Campbell, the Earl of Clarendon, Vi.eouat
Morp, th, the Marquis of Clanricarde, the Right Hon. T. B.
Macaulay, and the Right Hen. H Labouchere. The Lord
Chancellor arrived kt 4 o'clock. The council broke up at a
quarter
_past 5 o'clock.
Sir 'Thomas Barrett Lennerd had an interview
with Sir George Grey, at the Home Office, on Saturday.
A deputation, consisting of Lord Monteagle, Viscount
Massareene, Right Hon. Frederick Shaw, M.P. Mr. Ha-
milton, and Mr. Grogan, had an interview with Lord John
Russell on Saturday, at Ma official residence in Downing-
street. Mr. Roo bad an interview with Earl Grey on
Saturday, at the Colonial Office. The Rev. Dr. Cooke had
an interview with Sir George Grey on Saturday.
Prince and Princess Calhmaki, accompanied by
Monsieur Zohrab, have returned to town from Cowes, Isle of
Wight, whither they had gone to witness the launch of a fine
steamer, built by Messrs. T. and J. White fur the Ottoman
government. The vessel was named by the Princess Calli-
rnaki, with the usual ceremony, the Raasittee Tidjaret."
Dispatches were sent off on Saturday evening from
the Colonial-office, for the governor of Gibraltar.
At the Chapel Royal, St. James's, yesterday, the
sermon was preached at the early service by the Rev. Dr.
Wesley; and the sacrament was administered by the Bishop
of London: the Duke of Wellington and the Dowager-
Countess of Errol were among the communicants.
FRENCH CONBUL-UENERAL.—We understand
that M. Durant Ste. Andre, the French consul-general resi-
t dent in this country, is on the eve of dep sating for Paris,
with the view of retiring from hie official station in this
country.

THE EARL AND COUNTEsti OF CLARENDON enter-
tained his Eineßetsey the Count de St. Aulaire, the Marquis
and Marchioness of Lansdowne, the Marehi mos of Alla-
bury, the Earl and Countess Granville, Viscount and
Viacountess Palmerston, the Bud of Clare, L•trd and Lady
Beauvale, Lord Bowden, Mr. C. Greville, Mr. Luttrell,
Mr. It. M. Milner, &c., at dinner on Saturday last, at t►eir

residence, in Grow,n, r-crescent.
The Right lion. the Speaker of till House of
Commons had a yearliimentsry dinner on Entarday last at
his men-ion in Einen..quare.
Viscount and Viscountess Palmerston will give a
dinner party and wreemr.ly on Saturday next at their resi-
dence in Carlton-gardens.
His Excellency the French ambassador has issued
invitations for a grand entertainment to their RILED. the
Duke and Dachess of Cambridge on the 17th inst. at Man-
chester Hunt.

ROYAL MAARIAGIL —We understand that a tnatri-
atonial alliance is on the lapis between H.R.H. Prince
Albert Frederick Auguste, son of Prince Johan, and heir
presumptive to the throne of Saxony, end H.R.H. Princess
Charlotte, eldest daughter of their R.H. Prince and
Albrecht of Prussia. The Prince Albert of Saxony was
born the 23rd April, 1828, sad Princess Charlotte of Prussia,
21st June, 1831.

DEPUTATION FROM " THE IRISH PARTY*
TO LORD JOHN RUSSELL.
A deputation from " The Irish Party" waited on
the Prime Minister, at bin official residence Downing street,
on Saturday last. Lord MONTRAOLE informedi the noble lord
that the deputation bad in view tits bringing under his consi-
deration a series of re.cdutions, adopted at • meeting of peers
and members of parliament connected with Ireland. The noble
lord then, at considerable length, detailed his objections to
the application of the out door system of relief to the able-
bodied in Ireland, and warned the government against press-
ing upon tbc legislature of the country measures containing
peonsions which were at variance with the feelings, and
condemned by the judgment, of the educated and intelligent
e' oases in Ireland.
The last of the resolutions is to the following effect :
That the principle of giving ontdoor rehab, the able-boded la-
borer of Ireland tins been condemned by the various parliamentary
men mittees and commission, retell se by the public ofikersappointad
toomaider thlssubjee:And that theesperiencent the last twelve months,
by • kirk it hoe been shiornbow MK. even though accompaaled with
work, has interfered with ordinary agricultural labour and en-
dangered the future production of lood for the pmeople, &macerates
conclusively how much more fatally a eystem of gratuitous out-door
relief to the elite-bodied laboorar will produce and perpetuate the
same lamentable consequences. . _ .

Lord dolor Ilesstitt, said he had attended to the resole
boas read by the noble toed, and the various arguments
which the deputation had put forward in support of their
viewe. He did not mean to express any opinion whatever
on the resolutions of the Irish peers and members of parlia-
ment ; but he repeated, what he had before said elsewhere,
that the opinion daily gained ground, not only in this
country, but in Ireland, that the dittrem and want to which
the pi mile of that country may be reduced, even in ordinary
yrare, ought to give them a claim upon the property of Ire-
land,—such a claim as the people of England had upon the
property of England in times of great distress,—and that
there should be legal provision made for relieving the
destitute in the workhouse when the workhouse was
not full, and out of the workhouse when it was full.
The noble lord then briefly adverted to the safe-guard
thrown round the bill for the permanent extension of the
poor-'aw in Ireland by the recomtruction of the boards of
guardians, and the increase of ex-officio members, and con-
cluded bystating that the resolutions presented to hiMwould
hr duly considered by her Majesty's ministers, but that he
mild not pledge himself to recommend further alteration of
1 the bill than had already been made.
The deputation then withdrew.

THE Intsli PARTY.—The members of the Irish
party met twice during the past vri els at their chambers,
Ring-street, St. James's. Lord hlontragle presided on
Thursday, and the Earl of Monntcashel on Friday. lord
Moutesele announced that he had received the resolutions
adopted in reference to the Irish Poor Relief Bill, and that
they had been signed or assented to by 64 peers. and 43
ms mbeta of parliameat connected with Ireland, who eon.
tittered the extension, of an oat-door system of relic( to the
able-bodied labours's of Ireland would tend to their de-
moralization, and lead to consequences moat dangerous to
property.—Mr. W. S. O'Brien wished it to be distinctly
understood that be dissented from those resolutions in tote.
lit considered that the Poor-law Bill proposed by the go-
wrnment was calculated to prevent the recurrence of those
dreadful seems of destitution and misery with which lee.
land was too familiar, and although possibly it was nal
the best measure of the kind or altogether free from de
feets, he should give it his warm support, believing
that the out-door relief system would work well. the
Earl of Mountcaabel brought coder cone deration the
subject of emigration, and suggested that a plan might be
contrived by which the government should contribute one'
fourth of the coat of emigration, in the ease of each family
willing to emigrate, the colony one-fourth, the WOOD is
which they resided one-fourth, arid the family onefourtb.
The noble earl estimated the coat of each individual emi-
grating to Canada at 41. It was agreed that a special meet-
Should be called for Monday to consider the expediency
of adopting the English poor-law, rather than the propond
amended Irish poor relief bill.
IbIARYLEIDONE VESTRY, SATURDAY.—FAILURR OE
THE PAROCHIAL FUNDII.—At the meetinft of the Maryle
bone vestry, Be,. Dr. Spry the chest, r. Flood, vestry
clerk, stated that in consequence of the high price of pro-
visions, the expenditure for the support of the poor
exceeded the receipts last week 4161. RhOENT's
CANAL RAILWAT.—Mr. Florid laid before the vestry
the following communication, announcing the withdrawal
of ea much of the bill for constructing the Regent's Canal
Railway an affected the Regent's-park and the parish of
Marylehone
Regent's CanalOwnpany.—Parldingtoo and Lireehonse Railway._
Elr,—We have the honour to state to you, for the information d tbs
vuary of the parish et St. Marylebou, that the Regent's Canal Corn.
puny yield to the opposition offered to the passage of the pr posed
railway thmugb the liegent's-park, and that in the comiaittec en the
bill all the powers sought tosarry the kneel railway thumb any for-
lion or the parish of St. Maryletione will be struck tubby the pro-
moters.—Lvos, Bowe, tt Etua, bolieltors to the bill.
UNITED SERVICE INETITI;TION.—The sixteenth
annual meeting of the members of this institvition was held
on Saturday. The report of the council announced the com-
pletion of the extensive additions and improvements. The
funds for the building of the new lecture-room needed to be
augmented, and special attention was called to that point.
The council called attention to the increa-e in the number
of visitors, which was partly due to their having thrown the
mum= open to the pubite fox three days at Bader, at

Chridae, and es the anniversaries of the battles of Water-
loo and fietaigar. T..e receipts of the past year were
Loa 44.9.1.
BRIDGE FROM WESTMINSTER TO LAMBETH.—
Sir S. Brown, of Hetherbyreahouse, Berwickshire, •
eaptain in the navy, has offered at his own expense to con-
ferral and maintain a suspension bridge acre* the Thames
tuns Westminster to Lambetk, if he can obtain the autho-
rity of perliarnent and permission to establish a toll. An
inenhayento the merits of the proposal has been entrusted to
Capt. Vetch, of the Engineers, who has entered upon the
invesegetion, with the assistance of Capt Washington, oae
of the Ttd d Herbour Commissioners. The estimated cost,
iaeludins structure, approaches, and the purchase of pro-
P~y, is 90 000/. Sir S. Brown contemplates the erection
of the bridge in two years from its commencement.
Ma. DENS AND MIsS BURDETT COCITS.—Mr.
Dann, since his incarceration in the Queen's Bench Prison
daring the past week, bas written to sir George Grey, the
Secretary of State fur the Home Department, complaining of
having been put in what he calls solitary confinement, being
placed in a mem by himself. Ile has also written letters to
fat F. Thiele. r for the Tenn which he contended on the
vial gave him the authority to draw on Mira Burdett Coutts,
demanding to know why they were detained. Mr. Hum-
Deem to whom the letter was referred, replied that they
Aimed the grounds of the criminal proceedings, and they
would be detained wile's a judo, or the court, ordered them
to be returned; and on Saturday Mr. Dunn wrote to Lord
Denman on the subject, an he intends to issue a writ of error.
At his trill, Mr. Dunn subpiretied the Bishop of London,
Colonel Rowan, the Commissioner of Police, and other per-
sons of note and station, to prove Miss Burdett Coutts's hand-
writing.
OPENING OF NEW OXFORD STREET.-011 Satur-
day evening, be order of the Commeueoner • of Metropolitan
Improvemeee, the thoroughfare from the east end of Ox-
Med-street and Tottenham-court-reed into Holborn, was
thrown opal to the public.. The buildings have all architec-
tural froarejel, and, with souse taw exceptions, are com-
plete!, many of them being open for businme. Tha roadway
k rasaukuss.e 1, and about 70 feet in width, with a foot
pavement on each side 12 fret in breadth.
FRF.NCHFnsexAsoNs.—In an announcement of the
opening of • lodge of French freemasons it was stated that
ladies were admitted of the craft. This is an error, whirls
the president of the lodge has written to ns to correct. All
that to dose here is in imitation of the lodges in France,
where Lai.% are sometimes invited to the banquets of free-
SIMMS, alter the business of the day Is over.
THE NEW MODEL PRISON, CLF.REENWELL.—This
prison will be ready for the detention of persons remanded
hem police-olEcee, and committed for trial, on the 25th
instant, and will be used for this purpose only. There are
one thousand cells, se constructed that persons under
detention will not be able to hold communication with each
other.
M. SOPER AND HIS CHEAP Sour.—A correspon-
dent of the Gardeners' Chronicle writes that his cook has
been making some of Sayer's soup. " I can," he says,
" testify to its goodness awl palatable flavour. In truth, it
is • much bitter soup than we oft. n get at our dinner tablet.
I have had made two gallons, precisely according to the re-
esipt, to which end I directed my teivant to purchase lest
*young, in Bath, all the ingredients, and to give me a note
*Me cost of each article, so that I may be able to give my
=neightrours in the country, as well as my
1111TaUltfi, not only s plate of it, but the mode and
espouse of making it, which I know they will be delighted
with. To a labourer, with five children, such a comfort.
able meal, at so low a cost, is reall a Godsend. M.
Boyer merits every gratitude. It cost Sid., not estimating
fire. Hat the articles been purchased in larger quantities,
M.Soyer's estinaatewould have beenarrivedat, viz. 6d."--A
writer in the Weekly Chronicle. on the contrary, denies
that M. Soy es can be considered a poor man's soup, from
the expensiveness of the utensils which he prescribes for
making i. The IVeekly tl/4roniek apostrophises the artist
thus: " You are the gentleman's artist, not the poor man's
wok. The poor man has no time to brown onions in a fry.
ing.pen, tied to snake liquid pastes in stew pans, in order
that he may manufacture soup ate:rodent erten?. How many
stew-pans do you think there are in Skibbereen ?" This
writer forgets that the proposed-soup is not to he made by,
but for, the poor, in well-appointed kitchens, which form a
very, essential part of Soyeeeinvention.
INTER-MORAL BURIALS.—We learn 011 good au-
thority that government have prepared a bill to prohibit in-
terment in the churchyards of 1 urge towns and populous
districts. The greatest and most disetheing national nuisance
of modern times is likely, therefore, to be sooner abated
than was expected.—Sinulay Times.
CAPTAIN WARNER'S INVENTLOSS.—A long Corre-
spondence has been published in the Molting Post between
Captain Warner, Lord John Russell, and Corumetaioners
Chads and Chaloner, relative to the inventions of the former.
The two commissioners appointed to examine the " long
range" of Captain Warner have reported to Lord Jobe
Rowell " that the difficulties attending, end from the com-
plicated nature of the mode of operation, and the uncer-
tienty of the precision of aim, the invention ef the long
range' cannon be made available for the general purposes of
war, and we beg further to remark that the principle of
action will always be discovered on the first exhibition."
In reference to this report, Captain Warner complains
that the sp chosen for the experiment was a most unfavour-
able one, being in a bowl of swampy load, and that the wind
and the weather were against him. He repeats the expression
et his firm conviction that hi, inventions possess all the
merits be has always attached to them, and are capable of
producing the results which he led the public to expect from
them. lie offers to repeat the experiments at any time Lord
John Russell may eppoint. The noble lord informs Capt.
Warner that her Majesty's government do not think it ne-
cessary to make any further experiments to test the value of
his inventions. Finally, the narrator Ole, a to appeal from
the decision of the government to the public. "I am now
prepared," he says, to try the efficacy of the long range in
the face of my country—that country to consiet of members
of parliament, men of science, and accredited delegates from
the leach, g pub is journals."
THE COLLISION NEAR GRAVESEND.—The efforts of
the Whieenide smack-men in raising the sunken wreck of
the schooner Rose, run down on Sunday last by the Royal
Victoria, have proved most successful. They succeeded, alter
mach lab our, in chaining down six smacks to the wreck ,and on
Friday she was lifted and carried about a mile to the river.
She there grounded, and the flood on Saturday morning car-
ried the smacks and their burden on to the k.assex shore at
Shell-haven, where there is little doubt all her cargo, a most
valuable one, will he saved. Her appearance, externally,
forcibly shows the fearful character of the collision, her lar-
board bows being cut down nearly to the keel. the deck
torn up to a considerable extent, and the foremast carried
away. Captain Webber, the master, who was saved and
takeninto Leith by the stem rnereetunied to Londnn ton Friday.
• MAN AND HORSE DROWNED —On Saturday fore-
noon, a di Deming accident took place at the GrainfSarrey
Canal Docks, Itotherhithe, by which a man and a horse lost
their lives. Between ten and eleven o'clock, John Smith,
about forty years of age, went with • timber-carriage and
three horses to the dock, for the purpose of getting a load
of deals. In order to get the carnage to the wig of the
dock, the man unhitched two of the home., and sets backing
the one in the shafts, when the animal backed further than
it ought, and the carriage fell over the bank into twenty
feet of water. The deceased, who had hold of the reins, I
was polled in with the horse. The animal, AP the carriage
drifted about, struck Smith a violent blow. Mr. Mackinnon,
thesuperinteudent of the dock, gave orders to have the water
searched, but upwards of an hour and a half elapsed before
the body was found. It was removed to Rotherhithe
parish dead-house to await a coroner's inquest.
EMBEZZLEMENT BY A COLLECTOR OF CITY DUES.
—On Friday information was forwarded to the police
stations that Robert Albion lellowes, who had filled the
responsible situation at the Custom House of receiver of
wine duties, had absconded. He is charged with having at
various times embezzled monies to a large amount. A
reward of 1001. is offered tor his apprehension. The amount
of his defalcations a said to he nearly 7,0001. The discovery
took piece under the following circumstances:—ln the
thane of the year 1846, the gauger of the City of London,
who is appointed by the corporation to gauge all wines that
arrive within the port of London, and who is paid the sum
of 4d. per tun, made a large demand, which fur exceeded the
amount that ought to have been paid on the duties paid in
by the cellcetor to the Chamberlain. This le4 to an inquiry,
and a committee was appointed by the Court of Common
Council to inquire into the matter, on which an application
was made to the alleged defaulter to render an account of the
monies which had been paid to him. The collector refused
to do so, on which he was suspended, and a gentleman of
the name of Scott was appointed protein. to his oleos. The
inquiry, during the period up to the 11th of last month, pro-
ceeded, on which day Messrs. Burn and Selson' who had
been appointed, brought up a report, and in which they re-
commended that proper legal proceedings might be adopted
wicist Robert Albion Fellowee for embezzlement, as they
friend that the gauger's charge for gauging fur 1841, at 4J.
per tun, amounted to 439/ , and as the City dues were 41. pet
tun, it showed 5,2681. ought to have been paid into the office '
of the Chamberlain, whereas only 3,358/. had been received,
thus showing a deficiency of 1,9101. for 1841; the deficiency
for 1842 was 1,73-41. ; for 1813, 1,7491. ; end for 1844, 1,8181.;
that they also found that the yearly re of wine im-
ported into the port of Lenders was 9,003 tuns, or 17,000
pipes, and that the defalcations in round numbers were up-
wards of 1,8001. a year. The report was referred back to
the committee to amend, which being done, has led to the
present proceedings.
FIRE AT CLERKENWELL.—Yesterday morning, at •
few minutes past three o'clock, a fire broke out at No. 22,
Arnwell-street, Clerkenwell, in the occupation of Mr. L.
Tani., publisher. It commenced in the lower part of the
bantam, and was discovered by the police constable. The en-
gines of the parish, and London Establishment, with Mr.
Colf, the district foreman, and an neape of the Royal So-
ciety for the Protection of Life from Fire, were early at the
scene, and nn time was lost in setting them to work, but
notwithstanding the vast bodies of water scattered into the
premises, the flames continued to progress moat fearfully,
and at one time the residence of Mr. Gee. Cruikshank, the
artist, seemed in danger. The firemen laboured until nearly
five o'clock, when they at length got the mastery over the
fire. By that period the whole of the back portion of the
house was consumed, and that which remained in the front
was severely injured. The two adjoining house., in the
ozeupation of Mr. Geo. Cruikshank and Mr. Eveeard,
baker, have sustained trifling injury. The origin of the out-
break is unknown.
EXTRAORDISAY EXPLOSION AND DESTRUCTION OF
?earner v.--On Saturday night an explosion occurred in
Randall's-buildings, Saliunanca-row, Lambeth. It appeared
that between ten and eleven o'clock the inhabitants of the
travail surrounding streets were greatly alarmed by hearing
a strange noise. At the same instant the whole of the win-
dows, shop-front, doors, and stock in trade belonging to Mr.
Parebrother, general dealer, of No. 1, fLandalriebuildings,
were hurled Into the street. Some of the neighbours

IRELAND.

sobered inte the ruins, whet they found Mr. Farebrother
Ma . al Illa bait in the parlour covered with rubbish and
epseMbele. As soon as he recovered he stated that
der he bad experienced a strong smell of gas, and
Ilia liven solies of such to the gas company, but no person
bad leen lest se look alter the pipes that are laid down ma
is Md. From an inspection since made it has been ucer-
timid that one et the mains had become leaky, and the
=ring escaped had entered the premises of Mr. Fare-
, and hence the disaster.
INQUERTS, SATURDAY. DESTITUTION.—By Mr.
Gast, at the Pitt's Head, Grange-road, Bermondsey, on
dka body of James Leary, aged 3 months. A most frightful
e was presented to the jUry, upon their going to view
r iml no tab .up;The room
fe, no foodwee
bare;
in
and e f one
neo
u r nure
corner
itwas ha bed
luil A.
Menerthy stated that the deceased child had been .placed in
bee OM for the last five weeks. The mother was going to
service, and she (witness) suckled it —The Coroner : Had
you any other children ?—Witness: Yes, I had one at the
breast, and three others, and my husband was ill in bed.—
The Coroner: What had you to support you ?—Mrs. Ma-
earthy: I had nothing from my husband but 31. sines
Christmas, and then had the 4s. a week for this child.
—The Coroner: Had you sufficient food?—firs. Ma-
earthy :I had a little coffee and cold water, and some dry
bread, and that did for me and the chiller. Evidence having
been given that the deceased had died from convulsions, the
jury returned a verdict of " Natural death." The coroner
commenced a liberal subscription, followed up with good feel-
ing by the jury; and an amount was raised which will keep the
toor nurse for some weeks, until her husband gets better.---
EFFECTS OE GODFREY'S CORDIAL.—At an inquest held on
Saturday, before W. Payne, Esq., respecting the death of a
child supposed to have died from the effects of Godfrey's
cordial, the surgeon (Mr. Hooper) said that the article named
was of a most d.mgerous nature, and thousands of children
were killed annually by the Itieuf it, which was adminivered
innocently by mothers to their offspring. It was a concoc-
tion of opium, aniseed, and treacle, and was given to
children by persons ignorant of its poisonous qualities. The
coroner observed that the leas of lift was certainly most
frightful, for a short time since, he saw a document, issued
in October last by the registrar-general, which proved
that in Manchester alone so fewer than 14,000 children
bad died in seven years from the us, of narcotics, suffoca-
. Oen. neakete As. Mr. Hooper added that Osslfrey'a cordial
wee Reads ray by every chemist and druggist in London.—
ALLEOED DMA= THROCOH CONFINEMENT IN A STATION-
Moues.-0a Saturday evening, before Mr. W. Payne, at St.
Bartholomew's Hospital, respecting the death of Samuel
Linda, aged 76. Oa Saturday, the 6th of February, the de-
ceased took out a book fir the purpose of sehing it, and
going to • the shop of Mr. Prettyman, bookseller, in the
Poultry, offered to dispose of it for Is. 6d., when the latter
having lookil at it. without saying a word, went to the door
and calling in a policeman, gave the deceased in charge on
suspicion of having stolen it. He was then—it being about
three o'clock in the afternoon—convesed to the station-
_ . . . ....

house, Bow-lane, where he was kept in custody till the Mon-
day, when, on being taken before the Lord Mayor, at the
Mansion-house, and proving that the book was the gift of
his son-in-law, he wd liberated. His appearance at that
time was very dejected ; he seemed almoat doubled, and was
obliged to be assisted home and placed in bed, when he com-
plained of the pains he had suffered in his stomach and limbs
through the cold while locked up in the station-house, and
said had he been there another night he was positive it
would have killed him. He further said, that at tire station-
hens* be was roughly treated, and even his snuff and Is.
taken from him, and that during the whole time he was
there he had only three cup of coffee and two thin sheen of
broad and butter, for which 10Id. was deducted. The coro-
ner said. such mei no these required a public investigation.
The chief thing to be regretted was, that the deceased was an
innocent man, but even if he had been a thief he was not to
be plated in such a situation. The jury coincided with the
remark of the coroner, and the case was adjourned.
PROFESSOR SCIIONBEIN KNIGHTED.—The Swedish
Ambassador at Paris has notified to Professor Schonbein
that his sovereign has conferred on the philooophir the
honour of knighthood, in recognition of his invention of gun-
cotton. We happen to know that this distinction possesses
a large share of Its value in the eyes of Dr. Schonbein from
his belief that it has been conferred at the suggestion ot Her-
zelius—and conveys the opinion of that great chemist as to
the merit of the dtscovery.—Atheneum.

MINE EXPLOSION.—SEVENTY LIVES LOST.
BARNSLEY, SATURDAY EVENING, MARCH 6.—A
fatal explosion of fire damp has taken place in the Oaks (or
Ardsley Main) colliery, worked by Messrs. Firth, Barber,
and Co., under the estate or royalty of John ?dicklethwaite,
Esq., of Ardsley Howe, near this town. The shaft of the
colliery in question is situate about a mile to the east of the
town of Barnsley, and is a prominent object of notice to tra-
vellers passing from the Cudworth station of the Midland
Railway to Barnsley, being situate on a hill on the left-hand
of the road, about two hundred yards on the south side of
the Deane and Dove Canal, mud about mid May from Bari a-
ley to the railway station. The explosion took place about
three o'clock on Friday afternoon, at which time it is sup-
posed that there were from nini ty to a hundred persons at
work in the mine, but owing to there being no account kept
of the number of hurries and fillers employed by the
pickers or getters of the coal, the actual number at work is
difficult to ascertain until all parts of the pit have been ex-
amined, The main shaft of the pit is 28.3 yards in depth,
and there is a second shaft, chit fly used for the purposes of
ventilation, situate only a few yards distant, but there is no
other opening from the surface of the earth into the work-
ings of the mine. The workings extend about 300 yards in
a southern direction from the bottom of the shaft, and they
extend to a width of about 230 yards. The precise cause of the
accident is not known, but it is conjectures that the explosion
was occasioned by a sudden influx of fool air from a " fault"
or " throw," which the getters were approaching, but which
in some parts had been crossed by the excavators, and which
had caused a " disturbance " or up-rising of the seam they
were working to the extent of about five yards. Each la-
bourer was furnished by the proprietors with a patent safety
lamp, but it was a common practice for the men to work at
their " basks " with lighted candles wholly unprotected, the
mine generally being considered to have a very good draught
of air through it, and to be not overcharged with sulphur.
The pit has been in working about three years, and about a
year and three quarter' ago there was an explosion which caused
the leas of three lives, by a workman putting his lighted
candle to the "waste." The explosion, on the present
o Mien, was accompanied with considerable violence.
ehe shock at the mouth of the shaft of the pit was so great,
as to force some corves, which the banksmen were landing
and wheeling, out of their hands, and also to force up some
of the iron plates at the margin of the shafts, which had been
laid down for the more convenient moving of the laden come
thereon, but fortunately all the men at the bank escaped
without injury. Two men were at work in the air-pit,
which, as above stated, is only three or four yards from the
other, and one of them was killed. Eighteen men and a
boy, it is stated, were brought up to the surface alive, but
most of them were severely injure ), havingbeen both bruised
and burnt by the effect of the explosion, and one of them, a
man named James Galloway, was not only much bruised and
burnt, hut had his legs broken. Another man, named John
Haigh, died this morning of the injuries he had received.
Alter these had bees raised, some time elapsed before any of
the dead bathes were got out, as it was not deemed wife to
descend the shaft immediately. However, before one o'clock 1
this morning, about 42 dead bodies had been got out,
all of them much blackened and burnt, many of them having
compound or simple fractures of the limbs, and some
of them so much mutilated about the head and face that
their friends had difficulty in recognising them ; indeed, in
one or two instances, their identity was only made out by
some peculiarity in the mend rag of the shoes or stockings or
trowsera, or some other articles of dress. It was expected
that all the rest would be got up in the course of to-morrow.
I understood that the coroner had fixed Monday morning
for the commencement of the inquest.
It is impossible to depict the gloom which this explosion,
one of the most fatal that has occurred for a long time in
Yorkshire, has spread over the town of Barnsley and the
neighbourhood, where the frieodsof the sufferers reside.

DUBLIN, MAucx 8.

Emigration increases. From the inland counties
shoals of small farmers are hastening to the ports ;
and if the tide flows as strongly for the next three
months, with a sufficiency of transport, the diminu-
tion of the secondary class of farmers will be felt very
perceptibly. The Nenagh Guardian states, that from
one district 400 persons are already moving to the
coast. Some are flying from the dreaded future in
the shape of distress, providential or proprietoriul,
while others have fairly contracted with the landlords
for the surrender of their lands, and been treated with
kindly reciprocity. One Tipperary gentleman offers
a fluctuating rate, between 3/. and 101. per acre, for
the surrender of all farmsheld even on tenancies at will.
Backwood discipline might have a beneficial effect on
the hot blood of Tipperary, though, it is to be feared,
much of the turbulence will remain. Another question
excites considerable ferment—the procuration of seed.
The resolve of the government to supply seed only for
green crops is unpalatable with some. A writer in the
Leinater Erpress suggests that the government should
extend its operations, and give either seed, corn, or the
prise to farmers,their payment to be secured on the fu-
ture crop, and to constitute a charge having priority over
the landlord's claim for rent, and to be in like manner
' recoverable. There would be little wisdom on the
part of the government to accept such responsibility,
but if the same terms were offered to private parties,
and a short bill were carried through parliament em-
bodying the principle of priority, all that is now re-
quired from the government would be accomplished
by private speculation. No seed will be given to the
small farmer on credit so long as the landlord can fall
on the crop and absorb it for rent and arrears.
The county of Wicklow grand jury has forwarded
a petition to parliament in favour of " a plan of sys-
tematic colonisation," and the application of the
crown lands in the colonies to the uses of the emigrant.
They do not say how far they would co-operate with
the government in giving effect to a system from
which they would derive such great advantages. Of
course, " it is peculiarly the province of the state " to
do for them what they ought but what they will not
do for themselves. The Cavan grand jury also looks
to the " province of the state " for emigration, rail-

THE EXPRESS, MONDAY EVENING, MARCH 8, 1847.

ways, &c. ; but the state must abandon out-door
relief and such like intrusions on property. The
landlords clearly arc all for themselves.
As an illustration of the electoral system of rating
which is so very popular with landlords and unpo-
pular in towns, the guardians of the Killarney Union
have just struck a rate. On the electoral division in
which the town is situate the rate is 2s. Bd. in the
pound, while in the other nine divisions which com-
pose the union the rate varies from 7d. to 12d in the
' pound. Another instance of the oppressive effects of
the present system of rating is contained in the
Limerick Reporter of yesterday. The guardians of
the Limerick Union have imposed the enormous rate
of Gs. in the pound on the borough, which fm me in
itself an electoral division. It is, of course, difficult
to discriminate between the amount of po -city, in-
digenous and adventitious, but there can be nu diffi-
culty in conceiving that the rural proportion must be
very great, as in seasons of acute distress towns and
cities are the great points of attraction for surround-
ing poverty.
There are few readers of the Express who do
not know something of the destitution of Dungarvon.
The name of that town has frequently been connected
in my communications with misery, destitution, and
death. I rejoice that I have now to join the name of
Dungarvon with abundance, the fruit of industrious
exertion. A considerable portion of the inhabitants
are fishermen ; during the winter season those poor
men, owing to the inefficiency of their beats, tackle,
and gear, were idle —they were obliged to pawn their
nets: a little benevolent exertion enabled the poor
men to rely use the latter, and the weather having
become milder they were enabled to go to sea. The'
result has been that in five nights last week the fish
taken realised 8001.. besides affording the men and
their families a wholesome abundance of food. Mr.
Sheil, their representative, has recently sent a canto
of eorn to his constituents, so that Dungarvon must
be free from the pressure of famine for some time.

THE POOR-LAW COMMINVION.—It is now Undergood that
Mr. Twisleton, at present at the head of the Iri,h depart-
ment, is to be the Chief Commissioner, on whom, in con-
junction with the Chief and Under-Secretaries for Ireland,
will devolve the responsible arrangemccte of the anent d
Poor law Commi-sion fin Ireland.

IttINH POOlt-Low.—lt opp. ass from a return just laid be-
fore parliament, ',hat ot the 8 million of Irish, aboua 106,000
were inmates of poorhouses in the last week of 1846; the
houses having been originally destined to contain 94,000.
The average cost of maintenance was two shillings weekly
per head.
CULTIVATION or THE LARD.—The following important
circular on this subject was leaned today :
" llublia Qrstle, Much 3.—Sir—Pam directed by the tent lieu-
tenant to request your attention. and that of the relief cenunitts e
over whic'i Sou preside, to the great importance of eecuring, by ell
possible means, the Joann diace cultivation sod merino ot toe land, in
order that the country may be saved from a recurrence of famine in
the amides year. The people should not be allowed to indulge in the
idle hope that the presets: system of relief, tither by means of public
employment or by orruitmos distribution of hod, can Is perpetuated.
The only merino by which another famine can be awned is by endea-
vouring, during the prevent season doming, to secure future produce
from thesoil. IlisExceilencv ha- obverted that the niunber of persons
dolly employed on the public works tins of late rapidly increased;
and he has also learned that many have been admitted OR the relief
lists, who could not he considered depeadent on public employment
for their support. lie IMAM, therefore, that immediate eteps may be
taken for a revision of the limo of each committee, and that all who
can by any other MOMS procure suhetstence for theineelve" and their
Taulbee, as well as thane who, holding land, here tailed to take
any stave for ate cultivation, may be immediately struck off
those lists. Three are many , istricts when the farmers find
a difficulty in procuring lab tuners to enable them to carry
on the spring work. In such localities• the committee should
refuse employment rn the podia works to the able-bodied la-
bourers who hare Mown their unwillingness to reek other employ-
ment. But the larger close are those who, bring themselves holders
of land, would be enabled in many instances, while one of the family
is receiving relief on the public works, to pro, ide for the cultivation
of their email holdings through the other members of their family.
It would be proper, in this case, to refuse relief or einpnyment on
the piliblie works to those who neglect the cultivation of their farms.
fill LIICOURIIty feels that he cannot too strongly impress no the minds
of the relief committees the vital importance of using everts exertion,
during the present month, to preide against that want in the sue-
cooling year which must of neves...4 ensue, if the land than he tell
waste and unproductive.—l have, he., Ac., T. N. IluuseroN.
OF/leaks AND GENTLEWEN. The Cork Southern
Reporter of Match 4th contains the particulars of an outrage
by some cavalry officers upon a brother officer, which, if toe
details be quite true, it would Le difficult to match in the
annals of e ease vulgarity and unfeeling" sno,•bishliesa." The
officers of a cavalry regiment quartered near Cork, by some
conventional arrangement amoosist themselves, have deter-
mined that none but scions of aristocracy shall hold commis-
sions in their corps. The son of a professional aentlernan
recently joined too corps, and every species of miselvet and
petty annoyance has been practised against him. On one
occasion, having first induced him to join them in a des op
libation to the merry god, they pulled his bed out of his
quarters, and kicked it about the barrack.square, and when
they bed sufficiently amused themselves with this most gen-
tlemanly sport, they left it there and walked off. On
ano.her occanon—that of a champagne supper which he
was to give them, they determined to make him drir.k deep,
and then cut off his mustaches and whiskers, blicken him
face, and while in that state perform sundry aristocratic
freak". Fortunately, the confidential servant of thin inex-
perienced young gentleman got some intimation of the pr .-
ceedings which were in contemplation, and having pieced his
master on his guard, he evaded the annoyances by using the
wine placed before him very moderately. This so annoyed
some of the exclusives that they threw a great quantity of
his furniture out of the window, and proceeded to cut up
. his clothes, boots, &e. Having destroyed his clothing and
property before his face, they wine into the tarrack-yard and
piled his furniture op in a heap, after which they ran a train
of powder from the mess-room to the quarter of the young
officer, which they fired for the purpose of filling the plum
with smoke. It is stated that their conduct was reported
to the proper quarter, but the matter was subsequently
hushed up.
STATE OF THE COUNTRY.
___ _

The markets are not rising. This is a pleasant considera-
tion ; the more so as the speculators prognosticated that they
would, and had, no doubt, adopted measures to realise their
prophecy. Yesterday, on the Dublin Corn.exchange prices
could with difficulty be maintained, though there was a
manifest effort to force an advance in the limited quantities
offered. The corn on vale yeaterdaywas very small of any
description, but even for such qualities as suited for seed,
nothing more than full prices could be obtained. The
markets of Cork, which have so large a circle to exhaust
them, maintain the reductions recently occurring there, and
nine vessels laden with corn—the fire of the spring arrivals
from foreign ports--having come to hand within the last
three days, they are not likely to advance. hue,
we may hope OF future prospects are brightening.
The Tipperary r indieator, in noticing the destitution
which prevails throughout that county, deplores the "al•
most total neglect" of preparation fur the next harvest,
The land is, in a great measure, untitled, and the writer
calls upon the landlords, if they would " save the country
from famine and themselves from beggary," to stimulate
their tenantry to cultivate the land, and to provide
them with seed, that the land may not lie waste.
The accounts to-day from Kerry are of the usually afflicting
char ,eter, In Kdgobbin, on Saturday last, 'wren dead bodies
were committed coffinlem to the earth; and in the same
parish a Roman Catholic clergyman, on his visit to the sick,
enter, d a cabin in which nine persons of one family lay sick
of fever, and had not the attendance of sae human being. A
child lay dead in a cradle in the house, and the clergyman
believes that the sick are past recovery. in Dingle, where
the workhouse is Pubsidiary. to that of Tralee, 85 paupers
have died in the house during the last three weeks. Outside
the mortality is greater. The corpses are left exposed in the
churchyard, until s one person is found charitable enough to
cover them with earth ; and one instance is mentioned
wherein a father and son lay unburied—the former for
eight, and the latter three days. Three vessels
arrived at Dingle on the Ist of March, provision laden.
SCOTLAND.
EDINBURGH, Miacu 5.
The Entail meeting held here yesterday, at which
the Lord Provost presided, and which was attended
by a number of influential parties, was probably the
first of a series of similar meetings which will
be held over the whole country. The entail
system of Scotland differs from that of England
in being more directly perpetual—heritable property
being susceptible of crescent ad in.finitunt at the simple
will of the owner, without any compact with his
successors whatever. Different relaxing statutes have
been passed for the maintenance of widows and
younger branches of families, and for a minimum of
agricultural improvement to estates so fettered, but
the distinctive features of the system remain un-
changed. The advocates for alteration contend that
on economical grounds traffic in land sLould be placed
on the same footing as other commodities; that, in
particular, the law of entail burdens a proprietor, at
the discretion of his predecessor, with the sacrifice of
the first three years' rental for the support of colla-
teral heirs—a burden which he, as a mere life-renter,
has great difficulty in providing for; that
from the same cause he cannot borrow money
for improvements, except at an exorbitant rate
of interest—that the system is fruitful of litigation,
and, so far as Scotch cases are concerned, forms most
of the appellate jurisdiction of the House of Lords—
and that, finally, so far as the community at large are
concerned, it limits the productive power of the soil,
and gives to landed proprietors a method of eluding
their creditors at death which no other kind of pro-
prietor can by possibility possess. Up to 1830, when
the last register was made up, the number of entails
recorded was 1,531. Since then they have been
increasing, and at the present moment some 3,000
individuals monopolise the ownership of the whole
soil. Usage is in its favour, and the sympathies of
the legal profession, bat the example of other countries,
and the great names in our own, who have recorded
their opinions against it, joined to the altered state of
feeling consequent on the repeal of the corn-laws, all
point to its extensive modification, if not entire re-
moval.