The Express.
London, England, 1847-06-15 00:00:00

in political science and connexions, and that
sof them consider our relations with the
_fsenin-
mm and with foreign countries as regulated by the
eel aa tiquiited rules as were vad in the fourteenth
wimp We beg to opine, that knob relations have
ly altered, and that Portugal is no longer to
eno longer to us, what she was, whether in
0. ginw, or in trade. It is time for us to get
r"-ittess foreign policy, analogous to those which
ow
boa been forced upon statesmen on domestic policy.
im clays of subsidies, and Protection, and favoured
woe, and family complicts, are at an end.
may bare proved all along the fertile sources of
pity and bloodshed. And nothing but establishing
ma fall and unlimited principle of non-intervention
ma err give lasting security to European peace.
/ins mach upon Mr. MACAULAX'S doctrine of
• nWention ; let us now turn to the more
imemoal portions of his speech. Every liberal
pea must rejoice in, and be grateful for,
rody acquiescence, on the part of the cabinet, in
gr. Descomet.'s amendment,—for, after all, the
petty and freedom of Portage], and the restoration
doge who perilied all for it, is the great object of
*moment. The declaration of Mr. MACAULAY on
de point, and his description of events, drew with
ems the approbation and indeed the enthusiasm of
es home.
re sketch of the three-horned dilemma, on
ow, the ministry was tossed —if the monster
e permitted was very successful. We must
• however, to Mr. NI-ACM:LAIN phantasma-
see of war. We repeat, and re-assert, that it
genet a menace or a case of war, to tell Spain she
let not interfere in the internal affairs of Portugal.
Waked but to give the assurance that DON MIGUEL
*old not be allowed to remain, but that parties
in Portugal must be allowed to decide their
,aorn striggles uninterfered with. To have declared
ees seriously to Spain, was not a threat of war.
aed we can only say that if it be war, then war is
set ter distant ; for it is a threat, that we must make
ea beg. We may be right well assured that after
tvSpain in this instance to bully us out of our
line of policy by the threat of intervention,
es will not fail to repeat the manmuvre.
Asa we shall then have only to do at last, and with
web greater difficulty, what we ought to have done
tne first—viz., establish firmly the rule, that no
ideal or political struggles in Portugal should
sonunt Spain either in menacing or accomplishing
seed lam ference.

THE publication of Mr. GM:LEI:n:4'B address will
menally again call the attention of many of our
readers to the Cambridge contest. Before we offer
say remarks upon it, it may be convenient to add
saws observations to those which we offered on Satur-
day respecting the state of parties in the constituency.
Ike old political divisions will form no guide to the
marlact which may be expected from the members of
the mute in general. The members of the old whig
minority will, it is true, vote to a man for Mr.
Limas ; and, on the other hand, the no-popery
protectionists will unanimously support Mr. Law;
while many of those who are unpledged to
party, and all the favourers of the late
ministry, will make the return of Mr. OM.-
BMX their principal object. Assuming for the
present that no fourth candidate will appear, it is
dear that any one of the three sections of the elec-
toral body can give a majority to either of the other
two; and it is probable that, in most instances, the
second vote will be given or withheld on a calculation
of the effects which it will produce on the prospects
of the candidate whose election the voter is prism-
pally anxious to secure. It therefore becomes an in-
teresting inquiry to exalnine the probable relations
of the different parties to one another, and their
comparative strength.
The whole body of the senate, numbering about
3,000 persons, of whom, we believe, at least two-
thirds are clergymen, may be conveniently. divided
into three classes—the residents, who are principally
clerical ; the nonresident clergy ; and the non-resi-
dent laity. The resident members of the university,
though few in number, have great weight in all elec-
tions, from the circumstance of their holding in their
bands the great influence which every college exer-
cises on its own members. There is no doubt that a
great majority of the members of St. John's will vote
for Mr. LAW, independently of all political consider-
ations ; while Mr. GOULBURN and Mr. LEVEVRE, as
Trinity men, will receive a large amount of support
on college grounds, which, perhaps, may be balanced
by the unpopularity of the great college with the rest
of the university. The old whig party is proportion-
ally much stronger among the resident members of
the senate than in the constituency at large, and there
is scarcely a borough in the kingdom where it has at
all times maintained its union and separate feeling so
uniformly. The heads of houses, however, who gene-
ally manage the college influence, are for the nest
part of an opposite bias.
The most numerous section of the constituency,
the country clergy, will, in general, vote with refer-
ence to religious rather than political differences. It
is for them that Mr. GOULBURN'S address is intended,
and it is from a portion of them that he has most to
kir. The more zealous protestants among them had
M former times regarded Mr. 601:LBURN with espe-
cial favour, fram his apparent leaning to the evinge-
Sid section of the church ; and they will never for-
give his votes in favour of Maynooth and the godless
colleges. Although we hope and believe that Mr.
LUSTRE is much less disposed even than Mr. GOIM-
WIN to do injustice to the Roman catholic', he will,
to many of this party, be less obnoxious, and he may
be used as an instrument of revenge against him.
A great number of the less prejudiced among
the clergy would be favourable to Mr. LE.
FEVRE on the ground of his personal fitness, and
to Mr. GOCLISURN on account of the votes which
have given offence to the ultra-protestants, as well as
from his connexion with Sir ROBERT PEEL. We
are inclined, however, to think that if the contest was
to be decided by the country clergy alone, Mr. Law
woald be at the head of the poll, with Mr. LErEvile
u his colleague.
The remaining section of the constituency, the non-
reident laity, though less numerous than the clerical
body, is much more active end moveable, and will
appear mpester proportional force at the polling
Including members of parliament, public
functionaries of different ranks, persons of in-
dependent fortune, and barristers in great
numbers, the lay portion of the constituency
is comparatively free from extravagant apprehensions
citopery, and other vapours which are engendered
in the eolitade of country parishes. Among those
members of the senate who reside in, or habitually
visit, London, Mr. LEravne will be regarded with
peat favour ; but the support he will receive on the
present occasion will depend in a great measure on
the effect which his position on the poll may have on
that of Mr. Gotruti:as. A general and well-founded
*Rion prevails that Mr. UOULBURN'S seat would
have been perfectly safe but for his support of Sir
Prat's measures in the last three years of his admi-
niuration ; and it is, therefore, considered, both by
Mr. GOCLBITEN't3 especial supporters and by many of
thus who would otherwise have opposed him, that
he is entitled to the first vote of all who approve of
the Maynooth grant, the godless colleges, the
Dissenters' Chapels Bill, and the abolition of
the corn-laws. There can be little doubt that
the followers of Sir IL PEEL, who probably
skim outnumber all other sections of the London
"tare, would almost unanimoualy select Mr. LxiiivnE
as Mr. 0017LBURN'8 colleague ; but it is equally cer-
tsin that they will refuse him their votes, if they find
that by supporting him they would ensure his elec-
tion it the risk of unseating Mr. GouLnuals.
If the statements which we have made of the rela-
tive forces of the candidates is correct, the practical
result at which we have arrived will probably be ob-
vious to our readers. The only prudent mode of con-
4. acting the contest on the part of Mr. Lrszeas will
oe a coalition with Mr. GOULBURN. It is not nuts-
:4 shown by the example of Cheshire, that
candidates should agree on all points ; it is
only essential that the supporters of each should pre-
fer the other to any third candidate who may be in the
Bald. The result of a single-handed contest, if not
defeat, will be an unsatisfactory and transitory success,
t'elaiting from an accidental dislocation of parties.
If Mr. LETEVHE should be returned by the votes of
the altraTrotestanta and the protectionist enemies of
the late ministry, he will be in a false position, which
will terminate on the next occasion by the with-
drawal of support only given to serve a temporary
rullise, • The powerful body which acquiesces in
fe policy of the present government, without pro-
mising to owe allegiance to the party which ad-
minister it, would resent the rejection of Mr.
tUouustme more than it would rejoice in the triumph

of a personally acceptable candidate. Hereafter)
Mr. LEFEvan may rely upon his own strength;
the claims of Mr. GOULBURN will probably be tally
discharged by his re-election on the present occasion.
Of course, ill that can be asked of Mr. LEFEVReB
friends is, that they should be willing to act in concert
with Mr. GOVLBURN'S commitee. If Mr. GOULBURN
rejects the alliance, he will release many of his sup-
orticrs from all responsibility as to the consequences.
)knee
who, personally preferring Mr. LEYETRE,
think that they are bound to vote for Mr. °MILBURN,
on account of his votes when last in office, would, in
the case of his favouring Mr. LAW, probably think
the obligation cancelled ; while, in the event of his
pursuing his canvass independently, they would vote
for him and for Mr. LEFEVRE, and take their chance
of the result.

We are bound to say that Mr. Goinnottree ad-
dress is of a most unsatisfactory kind. He very
injudiciously seems to put himself in oppo-
sition to Mr. LEFEVRE ; and he boasts with little
reason, and in the meat untimely manner, of
his resistance to changes in the church and the uni-
versity. He farther promises to resist the endow-
ment of the catholic church in Ireland, a pledge which
Mr. CARDWELL, at Oxford, has distinctly refused to
give, and which, although it has been recently given
by several of the present ministers, will, we hope, be
refused by Mr. LEFEVER. The evident intention of
the address is to recover the ground which he has lost
with the no•poper' portion of the constituency. If,
as is not impossible, Mr. GoeunatN regrets the
measures into which he has been led by his chief, and
is determined to resist all farther change, he may,
perhaps, recover the favour of some of the sup-
porters whom he has lost, but he will forfeit
the good-will of those who at present are
most favourably disposed to him. Some of them may
still feel bound to give him an unwilling vote ; bat
all their wishes and exertions will be devoted to Mr.
LEFEVRE, who is beyond comparison, as we have often
said, better qualified than either of his competitors to
perform the peculiar duties of a university member.
Intelligent electors, however, are accustomed to con-
nive at election addresses, which are more
peculiarly intended for their weaker brethren.
If Mr. °outer:ex intends still to follow the
political course in which be has of late years
made some progress, and only intends to cover his
desertion of those from whom he is separating himself
by plausible words, it is no business of ours to inter-
fere. In this ease his intentions will be shown by his
willingness to co-operate with Mr. LEFEVRE. The
list of Mr. CARDWELL'S committee shows the complete
amalgamation which has taken place between the
corresponding parties at Oxford. Mr. LEFEVAE'd
friend, will, perhaps, be equally benefited by his con-
sent or refusal. It is of the utmost importance to them
that they should be willing to try the experiment.

The Paris journals of Sunday are almost exclu-
sively occupied with the news from Portugal received
from England and the diplomatic correspondence on
the subject of the intervention laid before the
British parliament by Lord Palmerston, and before
the French chamber by M. Ouizot. This subject,
however, has produced very little excitement among
the French public, who are now much more deeply
concerned about the financial concerns of their own
government and the prospects of the coming harvest.
The report on the affair of M. de Girardin was in the I
press, and would have been distributed yesterday
(Monday), and was to be submitted to the chamber
on Thursday.
M. Dachatel, Minister of the Interior, who had
retired to the sea-coast on the plea of indisposition,
has returned to Paris.
Queen Christina has arrived at Lyons on her route
to Paris. It is said that her reception in Naples was
the reverse of agreeable. Her Majesty was expected
in Paris yesterday (Monday).

MADRID, Jong 7, 1347.
The ministry, although evidently progressing to-
wards a new phase, has not yet sufficiently ripened into it
for any comments upon its present uncertain state to be of
much use. I shall, therefore, put off for the present con-
siderations upon the cluipmition and policy of the cabinet,
and confine myself in this to the three chief topics of news—
the extinction of the Catalonian insurrection, the state of
the harvest, and the movements of the troops upon the Per.
tuguese frontier.
Letters from Catalonia represent the Carlist beads ea
utterly routed, broken up, and wandering in miserable hag-
gard gangs of tens and twenties; now hiding themselves In
the hills and woods from the pursuit of the soldiers ; now
venturing to the different towns to claim the pardon
which has been wisely offered to those who come
in, and are only guilty of having played a sub-
' ordinate part in the insurrection. The Captain-Gene-
ral Pavia is darting about from place to place, trampling
out the hut sparks of this stifled rebellion. Caletras, sue of
the few cahecillas that have not been shot or given in,
frightened the inhabitants of the little town of Mertorell by
appearing
gult. there
ewaithndhhiis gang. water.% "Litnfat.h7.;neodnuoin. inona
state of the greatest distress. They had given the slip to
Colonel Damato, and the column of Igualeda, by a forced
lurch of 12 leagues, and were spent with hunger and fatigue.
After staying two hours they set out again at daybreak,
marrying with them a few pounds of tobacco, and black mail
to the amount of 300 reale, and made for San Pedro de
Ordal and °elide, by the road of Ribes. The following
night Pavia swept through hfartorell, hot on the trail of
these wretched outlaws. The cabecilla Seller's, with his
bead, reduced to about 20 men, has been surprised at San
Pedro de Rindevillas by the column of Villafranca. The
asta were moot of them killed or wounded, and their chief,
Am receiving two shots, fell in his flight into a canal,where
I he was despatched.
• letter from Manresa, in the Espanol, says that 13 de-
eming& trom that town, seduced by a sergeant of the Coned.
Wks, with whom they were on guard, fell, with the
=on of four, into the hands of the Carlists, and were
red with atrocious circumstances of torture, such as
,tuba in the face and about the body, because they refused to
Jahn the rebels. The four who escaped returned to their
esiTN correspondence of the Ilsraldo gives an account of
the preparations on the border for the Portuguese expedi•
*co. On June 1, the troops which formed the garrison of
Valladolid, consisting of one regiment of infantry and one
of cavalry, were in motion to leave that city. On the same
der, the commander of the 3rd battalion of the foot regi.
mentef Bourbon at Orense, received orders to march with
use ampanies.of the same to the province of Logo, leaving
awe ee pray in Orense and another in Rivadavia. In the
tameieaa a field battery and the foot m.iment of
liaradria, ea march for Verin, was daily expeMed, destined
at: penetrate the Portuguese frontier eg that point.rs
ter of the foot regiment of Bourbon had orders
M with she Ist and 2nd battalion of his regiment
(then in Rivadavia and the neighbourhood)) to cover the
points which America occupied on the side of Vigo and Toy.
Captain General Mendez Vigo was expected at Orem* from
Tuy. On the eveniug of the let init., the brigadier Ortega
entered Salamanca at the bead of three battalions of chas-
seurs. On the morning of the 2nd, a squadron from Villa-
viciosa, and a mountain-
patter)readied the same city, and
more battalions were expectM the next day. The Portu-
guese that were in the town took their departure at ten on
the night of the let, armed. At six on the morning of the
3rd, Baron Vinhaes arrived in Zamora with 600 men ; find-
ing no quarters there, on account of the number of worms
already in the town, he marched on.
The accounts of the state of the mops that reach us from
different parts of the country vary very much. A letter
from Albacete, of the 3rd, says, the harvest there may be
considered as lost with very few exceptions ; and the price of
grain has risen in censequence to 80 reels. From Lerida,
the news is equally dismal. On the other hand, they write
from Loria and Guadalajara, that recent rains have ensured
excellent crops, more abundant than have been known for
many years. From Leon and Tanana accounts come of
terrific hailstorms that have killed cattle and laid waste the
fields, Fourteen loads of dead oxen, brought into
Tsrrancon on the 3rd, had reduced' the price of
beef to three halfpence a pound. To account for this
prodigious butchery by a hailstorm, you most reflect that
half the draft work in this country is done by oxen ; and,
when frightened and abandoned these get easily strangled
by the yoke. The country having during May suffered
much front drought, prayers have been offered up and pro-
conjoin made universally for rain. A letter from Huesca
describes an immensely numerous and solemn processien that
took place there on hday 27, that contains some touches
expressive of the religious excitement which prevails in some
of the southern province*. The " miraculous image of the
most Holy Christ of the Miracles was carried amid a train of
six thousand wax candles. At the head of the clergy walked
the Senor Don Blas Lopes, dignitary of this cathedral, and
behind him 10 damsels clothed in lack, each barefooted,
wearing a crown of thorns in her hair."
The skies are propitious to the prayers of the people ; rain
continues felling, not in heavy showers, but with a benig-
nant drizzle.
Does Jost de Hoseta, former political chief of Seville has
been restored to his place, and decorated into the bargain
with the grand cross of Isabel the Catholic. The entry
10to
the troops under Concha into Portugal is fixed foe the of
Peewit& arrived in Madrid yesterday. He begged very hard
to be allowed to May • but he could only obtain that the
place of his coati banishment should be changed from Malaga
to Cadiz, whither he will forthwith proceed with his family.
The Faro is in great indignation that a " lieutenant-general,
a senator of the kingdom, a faithful servant of the queen
like the ex-political chief of Seville, should be doomed now to
exile,k journey of 200 leagnes to conaimenate an ill.direembled
exie while** gates of Madrid are dallyopaned to the Van
Helens, the Caps" the Linayes,. and the Abmellerea. The
hoard of grain which is forming in the deposit on account of
the government will consist of 30,000 faasge.—(thedietionary
says of is about 1 cwt.)---of wheat, end a proportionate
quantity of flour. Orders have been issued to send up all
the grain that exists in the administrations of national goods
of Toledo, Segovia, Guadalajara, Zamora, and other pro-