The Express.
London, England, 1846-11-20 00:00:00

MIS
UP:ittsrlei;etaPneir}77laPl:tareitei—oP7n -,ebtor:yedis-thdbe-Partlef- -etrmatusel:Pfebstair7ecthtopertede:i.—..allninuiLlgt7bliohClictrif:64:l°Wpinud. aabeelli!cs:hilloaennsoreednatiliwulasoptrafrinvutaesiltehe,
Minister of Public Works. The repairs of the way
and of the works depending on it, though evidently at
the discretion of the companies, an to be made known to
the government authorities, who can interfere when any-
thing is unsatisfactory. The crossings and passages on the
line are to be subjected to government regulations, particu-
larly in what relates to the barriers required for the latter.
High embankments, viaducts, and bridges over rivers and
streams, are to be defe .ded by strong parapets. All sta-
tions, passages on the level, &c., are to be well lit up.—The
Working Stock : Locomotives are in the first instance to be
subjected to certain proofs of strength, for the bsilers, axle-
trees, wheels, &c. They are to be presided with an appa-
ratus to catch the pieces of coke falling from the furnace, so
as to prevent their reaching the ground. Every means must
also be employed to prevent sparks from issuing from the
tunnel, whereby property along the line has, from time to
time, been set on fire and consumed. The report regrets that
the grating at present in use is not found to be efficient.
Asle-trees are in all cases to be made of wrought-iron of the
first quality.—Composition of trains: All companies are
bound to furnish a sufficient number of carriages of every
description to supply the wants of each station. The hours
fixed by the company for departure are to be rigorously ob-
served. As the public, in a great measure, are dependent on
railways for their mode of transport, these two regulations
are absolute on all companies whatever; when any excep-
tion to this rule is permitted, as in the case of direct trains,
it is the government authorities who must regulate the
matter. In cases of file or extraordinary movement from
one point to another, the company is obliged to provide an
additional and sufficient number of carriages of every class ;
the number of carriages fur a single train is not to exceed 24,
and this is to be considered rather as the exception than the
rule. Double locomotives are permitted, as otherwise trains
would be multiplied to a dangerous extent. But whenever
the second locomotive is employed, the cove of such proceed-
ing must be specially entered in a book. No matters liable to
explosion are to be transported in a train in which passengers
, are carried. A means of communication must always be esta-
blished between the conductor and the engine-driver.—De-
parture, circulation, and arrival of trains : A number of
articles refer to the measures of precaution to be used in start-
ing trains at proper hours, so as to leave a sufficient time be.
tween each, the maximum of speed, the precautions to be
taken in passing through tunnels, &c.; they also regulatetbs
passage of extraordinary trains ; the obligation of communi-
cating by signals; and the general superintendence of the
line. Resisters are to be kept at every station for marking
down the causes of all delays. No tram is ever to leave be-
fore the hour appointed in the printed lists.—Fares: The
conditions of the concession generally regulate the tariffs, but
a company may lower its prices, if it thinks fit, subject,
however, to the condition of keeping them so for a certain
time. As a general rule, however, no changes whatever can
be made by the company without first submitting them to
the government authorities. Railways that have been con-
ceded prior to 1835 will not he subject to these regulations
until April 1, 1847. Equality of charge is to be strictly
enforced, as otherwise the companies could become unjust to
one locality at the expense of another.—Superintendenee of
working: This section, which has been already in great
measure anticipated by the Railway Police Bill, dwells on the
appointing royal commissaries and their functions. It is un-
necessary to do more than simply refer to this part of the report,
since its chief provisions are already known to the public.—
Regulations relating to Passengers : All persons uncon-
nected with the company and the service are forbidden to
enter the premises of a railway without permission, or to
there stand or circulate, or to place there objects of any kind
or to iatroduce hones, dogs, or other animals, or to cause
vehicles of any kind to circulate there. Government autho-
rities are en exception to this clause. Passengers are not
to lean out of carriages, or pass from one to another, or
carry loaded tire-arms. or leave a carriage when in move-
ment; the other prescriptions are generally similar to those
in force for common carriages.—General Arrangements:
No person can sell any thing within the precincts of a
station without permission from the authorities. When a
line crosses several departments the attributions conferred
by the present regulations on the several prefets may be con-
centrated in one. Every person employed by a railway
company must wear a uniform, in order that the public may
at once see, in case of need, to whom they are to apply.
Signal-men, guards, and barrier keepers may wear a sabre.
At each station a book must be kept to receive the Complaints
of passengers. Copies of the present regulations are to be
constantly kept placarded in an stations; copies are also to
be given to each person employed, and whatever relates to
passengers is to be hung up in each carriage."
SUDDEN DEATIL—M. Very, son of the celebrated
restaurateur, died on Sunday at Paris under extraordinary
circumstances. He had been spending the day in the coun-
try •, and, on returning to Paris, complained of being rather
chilly ; but having warmed himself at the tire, sat down to
table, and made a hearty dinner. After dinner a rubber of
whist was played, and, about eleven o'clock,' M. Very, who
li.dhiawife for partner, was chatting good-humouredly with
one of his friends. The conversation turned upon age ; and
his friend remarked, that he felt he was growing old, as he
was fifty-three past. M. Very replied : " At fifty a man is
still young. I am filly, myself; and was never in better
health !" Before finishing what he h .ri to say, his head fell,
and he gave a convulsive laugh. His friend placed him on
a sofa, but life was already extinct.
On Sunday moat of the Paris bakers had baked
mere bread than usual ; but the concourse of buyers was so
great that many of them had not a loaf left at one o'clock.
ITALY.—The i'ors Gazette contains a letter from
Naples, which states that Sicily was lately near becoming the
theatre of a revolution. Several chiefs of brigands had come
to an understanding with the troops, and particularly with
the 10th regiment of infantry, to make an insurrectional
movement. Palermo, it is said, was the centre of the revolt,
and several superior officers were compromised. The plot
was discovered by the indiscretion of one of the conspirators.
No date, however, is given for the news, and we are inclined
to consider it a fabrication.
The Prince de Chimay, Belgian Ambassador to the
Papal court, has arrived at Rome with a numerous suite.
BELGIUM.—In yesterday's paper wo published
the substance of the commencement of the discussion on the
address to the King's speech, when M. de Theux, the
Minister of the Interior, was left speaking. M. d'Anethan,
Minister of Justice, succeeded the Minister of the Interior,
and explained the motives which the minister had, not to be
precipitate in its resolution respecting the caricatures, arti-
cles in the journals, and songs lately seized. The ministry,
not to depart from the line of moderation and prudence fol-
lowed in such eases since 1830, was unwilling to act, till it
saw that the efforts of the malevolent to extend these publi-
cations more and more, not only in Brussels, but in the pro-
vinces, far from relaxing, seemed to increase. M. Verhaegen
closed the iittin,t in a speech in which he blamed as dilatory
the prosecution of the caricatures, &c. He also reproached
the minister with not punishing the mendicity of the monks
who have no need of it, while they every day condemn those
who beg from necessity.
ENGLINII Ccrnouos IN Bausset.s.—An English
priest is to preach a sermon in English every Sunday, after
the morning mess, in the church of St. Jaques-sur-Cauden-
burg, in the Place Royale. He commenced last Sunday,
and preached to a numerous congregation.
NETHERLANDS.—Tun Ilscus, Nov. 16.
This evening his Royal Highness Prince Charles of Prussia
arrived here from Amsterdam, at hslf.past six o'clock, by the
train. His Royal Highness was received at the station by
the Prussian minister at the Court of the Netherlands,where
one of the royal carriages was in waiting to convey him to
the old palace in the Noordeinde, where his Majesty the
King was ready to receive him. His Royal Highness Prince
Hermann of Sate Weimar has likewise arrived.
Nov. 17.—The Roman Catholic Vicar of Gwenlo
wss placed the other day on his trial at Arnheim, for an
attempt to murder a woman with whom, as alleged, he
cohabited. Up to this morning, the result of the trial had
not transpired. The ship'arrivals at Texel on the 16th were
the Jonge Catharine, from Newcastle; the Onderneming,
the Ebenezer, the Zeldenrust, and the Paragon, from Sun-
derland; and the Germania, the Ilendrina, the Admiral de
Winter, and the Thos. Answorth, from Hull.
GERMANY.—ENGLAND AND TILE ZOLLVEREIN.
—The Suabian Mercury, of the 16th, has the following:
" The non-renewal of the treaty of 1841, concluded with
England by the Zollverein, and the mission of an etivoye
to the two Hanseatic towns on the Baltic, seem to indicate a
change in the reforms of the Zollverein. It is natural that
the system of differential duties should be taken up again on
this occasion. The Zollverein wishes to throw off stipule,
lions which impede its movement. The treaty of the 2nd of
March, 1841, placed British Burr and rice on the same foot-
ing as the same articles of home produce. The result was
that the commerce of the Zollverein with the United States
was greatly restricted. This it was which impeded the Zoll-
verein from concluding treaties of commerce with the Brazils
and the United States of America: the renouncement of the
treaty will change the face of things. The Zollverein has
succeeded also, through M. Paton, as convincing the Haase
towns that their commercial prosperity depends on their
adhesion to the Zollverein, and that the establishment of a
system in common of differential duties is the may means to
put an end to their separation from Germany."
BEBLIN.—The following cabinet order has been
published in the Berlin 011cial Gazette:—"To ensure the
maintenance of authority in the measures to be taken for
putting down disorders, I ordain as follow' on a report oe
the Minister of State of the 16th Sept.:-1. The notifications
14n case of a dUtarbanos or tamult where the interns:las it
an armed force is deemed necessary, are to be mob ania-t
alvely by the civil and military competent antlaritiar 2.
Those notifications can only be made by the governor and
the commandant, and, in their absence, by the first military
commander of the district; or by the head futictimpary at
the civil administration, appointed by the local police and,
the high functionaries. 3. The notifiestiona of other fens-
tionanes and authorities cannot be made but b the cans rat
of the abovenansed officees. 4. When a psi ip*iaa.itos,
been made, in cases of tumult, no Mbar sawn ipsminion
the affair, or statement of facts, may be piblkhodi ht.;
judgment is given, unless it be a repeakadas 'el tliw east
publication. Given at Gross-Lins, Sept. 29, 1846. (Bigne4l
FULDERICII WILLIAM,"
We read in a letter from SL Petersburg. of the sth
" Prussia is doing everything in her power to roronstlusts
the political unity of Germany. She has just concluded a

j Gcfnelk natemea of
advance of Austrian troops from the Voralberg towards
A SilllS &duffer.
EXPLODING COTTON.—A letter from Konigsberg
of the 6th inst. says,—" To-day six ounces of exploding cot-
ton repared in the laboratory of Dr. Keith and of a
temperature of about 60 degrees, blew up. One of the win.
doers of the laboratory was smashed, and the window frame
broken. We think it as well to lay this fact before the pub-
lic to warn them of the danger attending this material."
A letter from Konigsberg, of the let, says: "A
cabinetorder, dated Sans Boum, confirms the ministerial de-
cree, by which M. Strachowsky bad been declared excluded
from the deputation to the States, because he had been a
member of the Catholic dissenters. This conclusion is
founded on the article of the organic law, which requires, as
a condition to be eligible as a member of the States, that the
candidates shall belong to one of the Christian beets which
would not be the case of a dissenting Roman Catholic."
The Cologne Gazette states that great distress is
felt in meny parts of Prussia, in consequence of the high
Price of provisions. This is particularly the case at Berlin,
but the misery of the poor is there alleviated by the gratui-
tous distribution of soup. This distribution is an annual
one, and generally commences on the 15th of December, but
this year it Cu to begin on the 15th instant. A bakehouse
has also been established in shares, for the supply of bread
to the poot at a reduced price.
A temble explosion is stated to have taken place
in the quicksilver mines near Idria, in Illyria, by which a
number of workmen have lost their lives.
An accident occurred last week on the Manheim to
OlTenburg Railway, wh.ch might have been attended with
very serious consequences. A passengers' train, when pass-
ing near Arhern, at eight o'clock at night, ran into a goods'
train of 50 waggons, which was preceding it on the same
line of rails. The locomotive of the second train literally
crushed to pieces the last waggons of the other train, and
forced some of the others one over the other in terrible con-
fusion. Fortunately no person was hurt, though some of
the passengers were much shaken. The cause of the acci-
dent is said to be the omission of placing a light behind the
goods' train, u prescribed by the regulations.
AFFAIRS OF BOSNIA.—We find the following in the
Agrans Gazette of the 3d :—" The neighbouring Bosniac
districts are in full revolt against their governor. The soul
ot the rebellion is the Cadi of Bihac, Mehemed Bcy Rustau-
begowitz, who has before been at the head of a revolt, and
whom the Pacha had vainly endeavoured to remove from
Bihar. Lately the party in opposition to him had assembled
at Coin, and summoned the Cadi to lay down his office,
mid go to the Pacha at Trawnik. But the Cadi suddenly
I appeared among the Bosnian, and convinced them that they
were in the wrong. They thereupon abandoned their
leader, who surrendered at discretion. On October 12, the
Cadi marched, with a great number of his partisans, towards
Choke and Zezeroko, and ordered each proprietor to send an
armed man to join him. On Oct. 15 he arrived at Novi with
numerous followers, and on the 20th had under his com-
mand from .5,000 to 6,000 men. Several Turks, who attempted
to make resistance, were taken and thrown into prison, and
their houses burnt to the ground. The Turks of Banyaluks,
it is said, make common cause with the Cadi, but his real
intentions are not yet known. At all events this state of
things interrupts the course of commerce on the frontiers."
Several German journals persist in stating that con-
siderable agitation prevails amongst the Polish nobles in
Galicia, and that they even entertain projects of another
insurrection, in which they expect—strange to say—to be
aided by the peasantry. 'Pie Grind Duke of Mecklenburg,
Schwerin has announced that, after next Midsummer, the
tax paid by the Jews, under the title of protection money,
will be abolished. Some other remedial measures with
reference to the Jews are in contemplation.
The Deutsche Allgemeine Zeit Nog (of Lei(ssic) of
the lith inst., contains a remarkable communication from
Chemnitz (one of the chief manufacturing towns of tne
kingdom of Saxony) relating to the increase of duty
on foreign twigs,. It would appear, from that article,
that the increase of duty from two to three thalers
has caused much dissatisfaction in that place, and that
it was attributed not to any conviction on the
of the Saxon government of the necessity of suckwit
measure, but to foreign influence. The weavers in Saxony
are already in great distress, and it is contended that the in-
crease of duty on twists will only increase their poverty. It
is stated in the article alluded to that the weavers of Chem-
nitz had intended to get up certain articles for the English
markets, but that, on account of the increase of the duties on
twists, they had deferred the project. According to the
Honorer Zeitung, Prince Frederick of Holstein-Sonderburg,
Glucksburg, hitherto a cavalry captain in the Danish army,
will shortly enter into the Prussian service.—Bavarian, Wir-
temberg, and Hamburg journals announce, in positive terms,
that the protecting powers of the " republic" of Cracow bad
resolved to deprive it of its independence and to incorporate
it with the Austrian empire, to which it belonged previously
to the year 1809, if lam not mistaken. It is scarcely pro-
bable, however, that the three " protecting " powers will be
allowed by England to have it all their own way.
SCHLESWIG, Nov. 12.—The Royal Commissary
has sent in a note to the President of the Assemble,
demanding • chsage in the order of the day, supporting his
demand by instructions from head-quarters, and on sec. 50
of the ordonnsnce of May 15, 1834, in which, according to
his version, there are paragraphs which only allow of in-
dividual motions being proposed when all the state bills are
disposed of. This attempt of the Commissary, says the
Cologne Gazette, which is contrary to the wording of the
law and to established customs, would, if accorded, annul
the whole right of petition of the states, and they will there-
fore energetically oppose it. Probably they will take no
notice of it whatsoever.

POLAND.—CONDITION OP TIIE JEWS.—WARSAW,
Not•. B.—Eighty Jews, headed by their Rabbi, arrived re-
cently et Warsaw, to request the governor to allow them to
n twin their costume. They were taken to the police, where
their beards were shaved off and their long hair cut, and
then sent away. They demanded their beards and hair,
to place them in their burying-ground, but this was refused
them ; they, however, received thebarber's bill, which they
were made to pay.
PosEN, Nov. 11.—A monk was recently arrested
at Posen. To escape recruiting he had gone to Parma, and
taken orders. The archbishop claimed him from the autho-
rities. The king decided he should remain in prison the
whole time of military service, or quit the country. He pre-
ferred the latter.

GItEECE.—A letter from Athens states that the
mercantile navy of Greece has this year taken great develop-
ment, -and shown more activity than has been witnessed
since the wars between Spain and Twkey, when the Greek
vessel, used to enter ports with sacks of silver as ballast. The
came of this activity is the trade in corn. It is stated, hut
this must, we think, be an exaggeration, that there are 6,000
Greek merchant vessels employed, and that of these 1,300
are engaged in carrying corn from different ports. It is
added, that the corn-trade this year has given to Greece not
less than Cel millions of francs.

ACTUAL STATE OF PROVISION SUPPLIES.

PARIS, Nov. 17.

The Minister of Agriculture and Commerce has
transmitted the following circular on the actual state
of the provision supply to the prefets:—
Pa ant, Nov. 16, 1846. —My circular of the 25th of
August last has informed you of the importance attached by
government to the question of the supply of food, and the
attention with which it seeks to watch over this great na-
tional concern. The information I have received, without
being complete, enables me already to estimate the relative
resources and the calls upon them; and I do not wish to lose a
moment in communicating the result to you. Too many
ehments of security have been rendered apparent by the In-
quiry to warrant my losing any time before disabusing the
public mind of the exaggerated alarm which has been dis-
seminated ; but at the same time I ought not to neglect the
adoption of any measures calculated to remedy the partial
distress which may be impending.
At all tinsel the difficulty of transport is a real evil ; in years
of bad harvests the evil becomes still more serious. We feel
this at the present moment, when the insufficient means of
carriage occasion inequalities in the price of corn, which
tend to create a belief to a non-existent scarcity.
The last season has not been a favourable one : still the
surplus of the harvests of 18834, and an importation of more
than two millions of hectolitres of grain, will afford a supply
adequate to the general consumption, without raising the
average price throughout France (which has been 22f. de.
on the ye tr' above 22f. 9.5 c.. At one time the yield of the
harvest of 184.5 entitled us to expect a considerable surplus,
but the failure of the potato crop, by increasing the con-
ic of cereals, has much reduced it. Nevertheless,
the returns I have received in reply to my letter of the 2.5 th
of August, state that there was still some of that year's crop
ion hand about the middle of September, 1846, although the
superior quality of the grain of the new harvest, by
causing it to be sought after foe seed, brought it
prematurely into the market. I am, therefore,
entitled to assume that if the /ear 1846 has left no surplus
for the use of the present year, it has produced no deficit to
be supplied.
The harvest of 1846 has been, from Use beginning, the
subject of the most contradictory estitnates. A more close
examination has led to valuations more nearly approaching
to the truth.
The annual consumption of France, for the nourishment
tithe people and their cattle, for seed and for manufactures.
may be taken at 120,000,000 of hectolitres of wheat, and
other kinds of grain. The districts of the north-west, north,
and northeast, supply nearly the half of this quantity, say
60,000,000 of hectolitres. The districts of the west, the cen-
tre, and the east, supply about a third, or nearly 40,000,000.
The remaining three districts, the south-west, south, and
south-eest, yield rather more than • sixth, or about
20,000,000.
la the six first regions, which comprehend 47 departments,
the harvest of wheat, mastlin, barley, and rye, has been
generally inferior to an ordinary year. I should have wished
to be able to state exactly the amount of the deficiency, but
its proportion being different in each department, and its
importance being relative to the importance even of the local
produce, I cannot, Monsieur le Prefet., as you are aware,
arrive at a positive result, but by the aid of the numerical
ausistance which you have yet to send me. For the vest, the
harvest has produced, in this great portion of France, a
result of a superior quality. Tho weight of the grain has
increased front 3 to b per cent, ; the return in flour and in

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