The Express.
London, England, 1851-02-19 00:00:00

MtRIVALS INTO LONDON FROM 17Ilt FEB. to lOth PED.
•• - • .

Qrs. Xl7O..74;reies..
Wbeat 4;O
Barley
9040 1300 I 1170
Amu. 1560 sacks ; 3530 barrels.

COAL MARKET.—THIS DAY
Holywell, Isa. Gd. ; Eden Main, I6s. Gd. ; Walls End
Riddell, 16a. 3d.; Walls End Helton, 178. Ships at
market, 63.

_ .
OFFICIAL SALARIES.—At the meeting of the Board
of Civardiauts for the Liskeard Poor-law Union, held at
Liskeard, on Saturday, the 15th inst., under the presidency
of Sir W. L. S. Trelawny, a resolution for reducing the
salaries of the clerk from PO/. to 601., of the master and
matron from 601. to 451., and of one relieving officer cross
801. to 601., and another relieving officer from 801. to 601.,
was adopted by a very large majority of about 40 to 4. At
the same meeting a petition to parliament in favour of
chargingwith the poor rate property in the funds, in mince,
and shares and stock in trade, wan also adopted. It is to
be presented by Mr. Trelaway, the member for Tavistock.
ADMIRALTY, FEB. 'M.—APPOINTMENTS.— ASsin-
tent Engineers, John Bruce, It. C. Thunder, Williama
Eyes Henry Jones, and John Tr living, to the Brenther.
Acting gunners, Ilenry Marshall to the Bonctla, ani
William S. Deere to the Banshee.

ALARMING RAILWAY ACCIDENT.—An accident a
an alarming character occurred to a goods' train yesterday
morning on the Birmingham and Derby Branch of the Mid-
land Railway. Several waggons and trucks were thrown
off the line, and their contents were strewed on both sides
of the railway. On the train bcwg stopped it was found
that the accident had been CUILSed by the breakage of •
waggon belonging to the Great Northern Railway Company.
Two waggons belonging to that company were completely
smashed, and seven or eight others, the property of the
Midland, were damaged more or less. The expected up
mail train from the north, due in Birmingham at ten minutes
to two, created serious apprehensions, and immediate steps
were ken to prevent its approach. Conununieation with
Birmingham by electric telegraph was completely cut off,
inasmuch as one of the posts and the wires at the Water
Orton station had been broken down, and for all immediate
useful purposes destroyed, by the carriages coming in con-
tact with them when the collision occurred. Fortunately,
however, the messengers and signals succeeded in staying
the progress of the mail train, and on its arrival near the
spot where the accident took place the passengers proceeded
to assist the officers and servants of the company in removing
the overthrown goods and broken waggons from the line •
but it was upwards of two hours and a half before tho line
was open, and the mail train able to proceed.
MYSTERIOUS DEATH OF A FEMALE NEAR HERR-
rotto.—The inquest on the body of Sarah Roberta, who
was found dead on the 2nd inst. in a ditch of wattr by the
aide of the tram road leading from Hereford to Aberga-
venny, terminated on Monday last. The jury returned a
verdict of wilful murder against her husband, Isaac Ro-
berta, who was committed fur trial at the ensuing assizes.
Roberts earnestly protested his innocence, and the chief
circumstance upon which the coroner's jury would seem to
have founded their verdict is the occurrence of a quarrel
between him and the deceased shortly previous to the period
at which she is supposed to have met her death.
TIIE PRINTING PRE NS of a daily paper in Boston,
I United States, is driven in a manner of which there is no
other example in any other city in the republic. Through
a two-inch lead pipe, a stream of Chochituate wilacts:F; s
dewed into a meter, which only occupies twenty
inches. The fall of water between the Boston ,„,•. --ar -;:s\
this meter is about a hundred feet. This t Mama Ls.")
will discharge eighty gallons of water each • wine hi
to what what
sufticient for drivMg the press. It is lees . • . a
thri.octligh thaaduse.e meterhonewill tlpiwvere mThisoti Z? 1 gre "
stosswesgine, requires no attention, and is .
raw. 1405.010

!LadVd SAVAN

DLPIMIAL PARLIAMENT.
HOUSE OF LORDS.—TrESDAT, Pvt. 14.
TM I.oan Cit teellefent tank hie mat at o'clock.
PETITIONS PRESENTED.
Term. Afro ematon.—By the Archbishop of YORE.
hem a plate not beard • and the Earl of ST RADBROKE,
treat Denningtoe, Fraselinghans, and four other places in
Suffolk, complaining of papal segrension.
Active Let/IAL Dlrrallee.—By Lewd STANLEY, from
Sligo end South Devon; the Earl of STRADBItOKE.
from a pant law attics in Suffolk, and agricultural labourers
In that county; the Duke of RICHMOND, from Arundel,
Lawn, Ha'bogs. Brighten, the county of Kent, Basing-
ebb, ftlandford, Sudbury, county of Ewes, Winchester,
Banbury, and places in Leicester and Norfolk, complaining
of agriceitural distress.
AGRICULTURAL DISTRESS.
The Earl of HARDWICKE said that a petition had
hem intrusted to him from the county of Cambridee on the
•e
of agricultnral distress, and be was desirous that
noble loot. in that bowie should have an opportunity of ex-
pressing their -sentiment. on this subject. lie had. there-
foe, given notice of his intention to present it. There was
no amenably nu wog fitted to consider this subject as that of
their lordship., intimately connected as they were with
the land and baring- large estates. Some persons had
domeht on account of the interest which their lord-
ships had in land they were not fitted to consider
this subject, but that be thought to be an argument which
told the other way, and he thought they could approach
the ileems.ion of this matter with advantages which could
not be eseseed by other persons. A great degree of
ps
liberality and independence hail born exhibited by their
lordships no all great questions, and he was confident they
would reg and the subject of the petition he had to present
with untriesed and impartial mind.. (Hear.) The &gel-
culturi•ite had cowshed able statesmen on the effects of free
trade, and were told that they need be under no apprehen-
sion. They wire told a lone time ago that prices could not
be lower—that Europe rental not supply a greater quan-
tity of corn ; and that if more was introduced into the mar-
ket it must rime from America. They hail been told 5...-
Mon after session that they had only to wait and everything
would reeover itself. Noble lords opposite had reiterated
thin in the face of advancing ruin. They mud look back,
however, to their former opinions with tome doubt, and
dispaminnately receive the sentiments which might he
uttered on his (Lord Ilardwicke's) side of the house. Those
who ha-1 lain most correct in their consideration of this
mabjeet ve-re the noble lords with whom he had the
honour of acting, and who had preciely foretold the pre-
sent lam alit dole condition of the agricultural population
He denied that the condition of the people was gene-
rally prosperous, as stated in her Majesty's speech.
Labourer. of all claws were out of employ, and much dis-
tress was being suffered by the working clams. A
letter which he had received from the western
part of t:embridgenhire said the condition of the tenant
ferment was very bail. some were ruined, many more must
be, and few would remain at the end of two year., if wheat
tontine- d at preemtpriece. (lime, hear.) Akin rfrum New-
market ilitered mere into detail. He might Mate, as a pre-
Itruinar) Lot, that the tenantry were struggling hard to
maintain the ir position. The wntrr of the letter mentioned
the nate •of a gentleman whose family had from an
estate for many generations, w lei had obtained advances on
hi. farm, and at last he us. obliged to emigrate. The
tar pier of two or three farm+, in another instance, has
le err obliged to shandies them, and make an assignment for
tk • isenetit of his croditon. This had been the east with
others, wlio had assigned over their stock fur the benefit of
their • redituurs. Ile (the noble earl) had himself bet n ac-
quainted a ith many of them. The nest letter was Irma
Ely, anti said that it sale of land could not he effected
at all in lano• or small lot.; the writer haul had several pro-
nettle. ti, ll within the last .is months, but he hind not
had a ornate bidding. Ile ;also had fnund that persons were
ma stole SO rompl. te their purchases. An estate had been
siffeied for sale a week or two ago, and not a lot was told ;
two yo ere not a lot would hare remained
The owner. or enroll rattles wens burrowing mom y on tbcir
Mad. Another person stated that he had reduced his
reale ten pee relit bait with this reduction he had hail his
rents pour loudly pail up. Ile bad found it more difficult
to obtain title, In Limidn.hire and Cambrilleshire
there had lie i, a large failure of the wheat crop. With
ref-term' to th.. Mil' and purcham of land in Cambridge-
shim h.- toisla say that haying rutenet the market as a {me-
ths., of Lori in await anoint. uts, hr hail fund pa•rsuno of
the poorer classes outbid him, so great was their anxiety to
purchase land ; hut such was not the c.v.(' at present. Now
he would refer to the
saes that the numb, ea paupers had sir)' eannitlerably in-
cresossl within the last two yearn. In the (•.unturidore
tuition there haul been a gradual increase in the in-door and
out.door paup..r• airier 15314 —the same ohs-Ts:Ohm. applied
to every nth-•r unioni in Cambridgeshire, and completely
dismoveil the a•••••rtnioscif the Poor law Commisairners. la
the Royston Union for the first four y. an from P 4.18 there
awl been on an lorrage 187 inaliwr and tor, out-door
prelim., in the last four ) u•ars 181 in-donor and 1,075 out-
dot paupers. lu the Cambridge Union in the correnpond-
ing pericel hien 1143't there hail been 212 in-thane and 1,312
put-door taiupere; in the last four years ?et in-door
awl 1,923 our-door pauper.. In the Newmarket
Union in the first four years &beet-mentioned 261
is-door and 1,6a9 ant-done inup Ts; in the last four
yar. :174 iti,lusur and 2.464 outdoor paupers; and in the
Widicach Union, during the wine four ),111 Lout Pat,
111 ...wee noel I.7wi oot•utwor paripers . mid in the last four
race ant in.oloor and 2,311"0t-door twills n. (Hear, hear.)
rily Union the inrre ise was wit to thu• same estent.
owing to th,• nueneroue oilman+, which coed. •I there. Fur
hest four ). us the indoor inmate- amounted to fi2l I
in the last four they amounted to *ll, being 3 slight redoes
tem. The unituluer 'moat. • Amounted to 4,373 in Cie lint
Nor years, and ire) ii•••reaseil in the hut four year, to 5.177.
(Hear, bear) lint in sp sting of tlw state of the paw the
report. of thc• pus, law • omminaioeu•r were not Rollie:it lit to
tail to a pm-belly comet estimate of the condition
ot the laboonng poor, le-ranee three were other
appliances to moth as a rvdcnt preprietery
and the dopeoition of the owner. of proven) to find cm-
poi ment bre tie ns to the rend. or in some other w are whirls
Was more agreeable to their feeling. than to ecnd an in to
It.. workhouse. (Hear, hear.) Ile 11.4.1 a masid,rable
relate in the counts' of Cambridge, called the Littleport
est ire. and he could inform their lonlehips that it Was the
rust..m of a great kutniwr of the lahottrilez populatium there
to hold small r01,V11.111 Mates of their own. They were,
therefore, an naught lie supposed, an ituli pendent mid supe-
r-mar a law of tnen. Hut out of one hundred emit holden of
property forty la nl In en ,utiliged to n• 11. They could not,
of course, eat the of their buildings, and therefore
they wen• compelled to sell doer bolding, nit a coneiderable
Ins (near. hear.) It wait itnprwsild. In noweise a nem:
purple% state of things than what hail ma-arrest in Cam-
bria:ft-Aire. It had begun in rambri•lo• indeed, but
it would won yeti nil, if it hail not alt. .uly dune riu, to
every part of Eireetml. (Ilear. hear.) Ilis rOttrietiool
was, that the unhealthy stole of things which was il-
- sit the agricultural dintricte thruirehout the country
moo- from the fret that the occupiers of the soil had bes•n
supporting themselves nut occipital, and not out of their
annual earning, (lime, hear.) But 'here was a confl-
uent h.p.• that this state of things would le- only temporary
that the prte;v.rity of the mann(rturino noel eommerei.d
Mawr. would no react on the agrieultural las, that the
roaps•rity of that dos might le carihd, nay expixied.
I hat :night be a natural expectation under proper eircum-
stone, s. But when they found that a quantity, equal to a
quarter of the w bole produce of the u•untry, had lism im-
ported into this (armory within the het ) ear, such a Circuni-
-04111.-e showed that the &diluent manufacturers were the
purchoner. to that . %tent of forviirn produ4 4. rather than of
home prelate. and that the home grower could not he
bent fitwl, but injured rather by :sant a circumstance.
(11,..w.) What could they du to benefit the suffering farmer
of the. country' Why by giving him a fair remunerative
price for his mottoes-. (llear, hear.) But tluit was hopeless
under the present .).tein. lie denied teen the possibility
of reactor iii f amour of the agricultural body. Heretofore
,it was if Vueraliy Id that when thn y had a had harvest,
his entwinement of price counequ, lit inn the diminished
:apply in some degnso remunerated the grower, although
the crop might have hi-en a deficient one. But hint year
then had a deficient harvest. and coucummtly with that
then, hod a ilepre.•.el price. (Hear. bear.) In the years
1414, 1419. and 1,10, the quantines of ems imported
in--reused as the price din litt i t hid. In 3,097,000
Tenter. of wheat and flume. IVOe imported at uitts. 6.1. the
quarter ; in 1011', 1,412,000 quarters at 410. M.; mud in
when the crop in this countu was wont, there were
4 ..381,iten q Lotter, imported at 10..2.1. (I 'ear.; I t seemed to him
therefore to be utterly hopelees to expect may improvement
in the price of tom When they opened their markets to
the foreign grower it was to be expected that they would
gist a stimulus to foreign supply. Did they le-lime when
they poke in their agricultural societies of raising increaned
amp. by improved modes of cultivation, that the shuto-
ut. tots there made were not mad by the agricultaxista
thnorehout the world, mid that thosse who derive,' their
livelihood from the a anis ation of th. soil would not also
ay e 1 themselven of es-cry improvement in agricultural im-
plements. and of the various art. :and science. connected
Wltil agricultural chemittry 1 (Hear, hear.) What took
pleee in America? Ile found it stated in American paper.
th it IA great etimuln. had been given to American agricul-
ture by the n-cent ligielatiim of England. The conse-
quence was, that the exports of beef, butter, cheese,
snit pork from America to this country had greatly in-
creesal between the years 11110 and 1849. There wax
another point in ree-rence to America which was rather
einauler. and not generally known, which was this,
that it was pasible fur America to supply wham, to
tetis country ma afford to lose by it. That seemed exces-
sively Curious, Vet it we. done in this way It was well
known that • biautiful class of vessels eart., to this country
from America tior the purpose of taking out emigrant', and
as it was • very esprit iv*. attiir to load these vessels with
ballast in the orilinon way in the ports of Antrim, they
loaded with cunt. which they sad tor 2a. leas than it cost
therm. (Hear. hear.) Thes nom found to be less eapensivc
than if they took in the ordiaara ballast. Ile ma& that
statement run the authority of Mr. Ong". of Liverpool,
sail lie would venture to say that there was nothing like
it le be round in the history of trade. (Hear. beer.) Yet
such was the competition which the British farmer was
called on to meet. (Cheers.) Then it might fo• said why
sot grow iernestliing else i But the legi.Mture stepped in
mad would not allow them to grow something else. (Hear.)
When they were stopped from rowing u•bacao, for in-
stance, did they net contradict their siv a theory of free
trade (Item.) Bat it was II Coll• c imam was not
oa)colott.,l to grow whams). How did they know that ?
Tlie fart was they in anted a reei nee, ei i Mentors. tliee
people of thes emultry were pc:re taut Mowing co-
llects. Barley again would be cultiva• ,1 to • much
Fame/ extent in Lida -entry, lon, for that 4,1.
wiitivlroubeden the malt tax. (Hear, hear.) In
•ue they pew a description of barley Which