The Express.
London, England, 1848-12-13 00:00:00

ITALY.

The following letters from our correspondents at
Rome and Naples will be found of great interest.
They give fah details of the state of affairs in both
capitals up to the latest moment.
" ROME, Dac. 2.
"This capital continues to present the aspect of a
calm and resolute community. The wheels of govern-
ment revolve with singular regularity in the abeenoe

of the supreme regulator; and though I have mode it
my bedew =observe the sittings of both clambers,
and the pnceedings of various political societies, I
have men nothing indicative of either dorm at the
norpholoas position of ths state or apprehend= for
the future. The provinces have all given their adha
don to the ministry, and addresses an perpetually
I 1 in from the rtmoter districts ratifying the
eats capital, and exhorting them to persevere
in a national and vigorous course. Some of these
provincial manifesto= are far more vehement in feel-
ing than any sentiment published ben. The towns
of .Ancona, Foligno, Perim and Foil, are all more
than in unison with the leaders of the Roman demo-
cracy. These are not superficial or artificial symptoms
of patrol opinion ; but the names appended to these
halite documents represent the landholders and the
intellect of the Roman states.
"There is no doubt that the temporal sovereignty of
the Roman Pontiff has been placed in serious jeopardy
by the withdrawal of Pius IX. Had he gore any-
where: but under the shadow of the bornWdsr of
Merano, and the assume of the Bandieres, the demo-
cracy would have borne it patiently. Malta would
have been coosidered a decorous and dignified retire-
ment. Bat he has chosen to sail in the same boat
with the detested Ferdinand, and there will be bat
one conclusion drawn in Italy, viz., that he appeals to
brute form) and flings down the gauntlet to his owe
adoring sad confiding subjects. This is a most aerie=
matter, and the friends and admirers of the Pope are
filled with dejection and despondency.
" There is renewed activity perceptible in every
ministerial department, especially in that of public
works, it being found imperative to create occupation
for the nnempbyed. All the churches are to be newly
decorated and pat in preparaion for the celebrity of
the holy year, viz., 1830, which, as you know, u to
be a year of Jubilee.' The funds in the hands of pa-
rish boards and other clerical strong boxes are to be
nrofasely unlocked for this purpose. Artists and de-
°orators, carpenters and mimons,will allbe set to work.
A decree appeared on the walls yesterday, beaded
with 8.P.Q.R.; the preamble of which sets forth,
that during Advent, hitherto, theatres had been
closed, to the great loss and suffering of those who
earned their livelihood by the tragic or comic proles-
sloe, music, and other pursuits analogous, while in
other cities of Italy no such prohibition was enforced.
This grievance is done away with, with the concur-
rence of such ecclesiastical authority as ruing= in
Rosee.—(lligned) Prince NEU Consist, Vtricatzo
Cocontu, Sheriffs of Rome.—From the Capitol,
Dec. 2:

"No communication, official or otherwise, has
reached our government from Gaeta, or Naples, or
Monte Camino. A Consieory was to be held to day
at some or other of theme places. The morning
papers compare the fawning of King Ferdinand on
the Pope to the pious doings of Don Miguel and the
devotions of Lout. XL of France, who kept one con-
fessor and two hangmen."
ROME, Dec 4.
"Things are beginning to wear an aspect unfavour-
able to the Roman Pontiff and grievously damnatory
of those who surround him in the fortress of Gaeta.
A paper has been forwarded from that spot to Car-
dinal Castracani, bearing dote Nov. 27, and Purport-
ing to come from the Pope, declaring null and void all
the acts of the present ministry, enjoining an imme-
diate dissolution of the chambers and erecting
a state commission for the government of the
pontifical territories composed of the Prince of
Roviano (Seines), Prince Barberini, Marquis Ricci,
General Zuochi, and the cardinal before mentioned,
who lost no time in communicating the document to
ministers. Scarcely had the news spread when
Princes Seism and 13arberioi got frightened at this
unlooked-for honour, and ran off over the frontier ss
fast as they cou'd. Castracani distinctly refused to
act in the capacity of irresponsible commissioner, and
Znochi is far off in Bologna. The Pope proposed to
have a guard of 4,000 Swiss, and that the civic troops
should be organised on a new principle.
" The Speaker of the House of Deputies, though yes-
terday was Sunday, sent circulars for the immediate
assembling of the members in their hall, where they
met last night at half-past eleven, to the number of
50 (which lathe legal quota for forming a house), and
sat all through the night. The address of the Speaker
will give you a better idea of affairs than any com-
ment of mine.

Gentlemen—l have called you together in consequence of
a document being handed about purporting to bear the
sovereign's signature. I cannot hold that paper for authen•
tic either in its extrinsic or intrinsic shape. It comes in no
official form, addreesed either to the ministry or to the two
houses of parliament. It can commend no ohedienor in a
constitutional state, being countersigned by no responsible
roadster, a formality which any school-boy in politics must
know to isvalidate the act of savereigo.y. Next, the paper
is dated from a fortress in a foreigner's territory, and we
have yet to learn that a monarch absent without 'leave from
his dominions is to expect deference from his constitutional
subjects. Row do we know that he is a free agent in that
foreign citadel t and, aa he says, he was under constraint on
the 16th in Rome, is he less under compulsion now that
he is surrounded by Neapolitan bayonets ? (Rear, hear.)
But waving all defect of formality, what is likely
to be the effect of this paper, either as regards the ministry
or the Clambers, who gin • them unanimous support, or
the public at large, who sustain their representatives. I
have spoken to the Moisten to-day, and they have looked
en the paw with a very suspicious glance, as the emana•
ties deny mind save that of the Pontiff, who originally
smmeil dos and keit iseaddential intercourse with them
=gig the lea imam It is notorious that the
the mend, Monsignor blummelli, was not
selogiad he gist Miss by popular acclaim, but by the direct
makellinn efts .search, left to his own decision. As to
he AIM maths Rows of Representatives, it is clear that by
=a governmental connsission to rule over these
is to subvert at one stroke the constitution of the
'sentry se indeed is evidently meant by the Injunction to
Cardinal Costumed fns oar instant dissolution. Its effect on
the pais M Wm is to Worm them that the are to be
suplOnipah ►WM into the old system of despot's
IC:-"hem which they have emerged, and return
~.seriplumil dogs to their vomit Gentlemen, we most
have • gmernammt of mane sort. It is the plan of our adver-
saries to leave min anarehy—a scheme whisk it is our bail-
ors to baffle sod discomfit. We shall preserve the calm
and grave and dignified attitude which for the lest tan days
has put our foss to the blush. We shall not indulge them
with the luxury of a pretext for foreign intervention. The
diplomatic body, with all their cunning, shall not outwit us
here. We shall remain, as hitherto, united, firm, and oa-
k:to& Thu Roman people knows its rights. These are no
gifts of prisms, bat their birthright, and held by direct
tenure from God I
" The debate on thy condition of the country occu-
pied the whole night, and this morning a proclama-
tion from the lower chamber "to the population of the
pontifical territories" is placarded on the walls of the
town, and forwarded to the provinces. It runs thus :
Pitociawertow.—A paper, said to bear the Pope's sig-
nature, and dated from the Citadel of Gaeta, would annul
the acts of our ministry, end create a state comraiesion, the
members of which have no sooner learnt that they were
named in it than they fled the country. Your representa-
tives have had their attention drawn to that paper, and, to
protect conatitational rights, to aware public order, to grant
indemnity to ministers he the exercise of their legal
dons, and disappoint the Intrigues of foreign powers, we
have, last night, net sad trived:-1. The Chamber of
Deputies recognises no shareeter of Midi' authority in the
paper from Gaeta, at variance as it ie with all mantitatkeal
forms, to which the sovereign is subject as well as his people;
and we declare that the present ministry, in the of
the ease, shallocatinneduntil further orders,te admi.Yssr the
affairs of the country. 2. A deputation from our body shall
forthwith wait on the sovereign to request his return to
Rome. 3. The upper house is invited to join in the depute.
tan. 4. The national guards throughout the states dull be
called en to rally round their banners, and preserve the same
order es hitherto.
" Such is the present state of the MAC The silly
fools who surround Pins IX. are hurrying him to
ruin. All the bone and sinew, wealth and intelli-
gence of the country, the troops of the line, and the
clergy themselves, are arrayed against a blind, obsti-
nate, and nnteachable set of ninnies who are about to
destroy the oldest monarchy in Europe by their im-
practicable imbecility.
Things continue, nevertheless, in the most com-
plete calm. No one would fancy that we were with-
out a monarch, or under a government which that
monierch disavowed. Shops and theatres open, and
the latter are said to be unusually crowded. This
being the season of pre tion for Christmas, the
annual immigration of para
pipen from the Sabine
Hills has made its usual appearance, and these pictu-
resque mountaineers are to card and seen piping
away under the various Madonna pictures, to nee
the words of Sir Philip Sydney, 'as if they would
never grow old.' As to public security, I met this
morning an old schoolfellow, Father Villefort, walk-
ing the Corso with ae much unconcern as if he had
not lately been chief secretary to Gen. Roothalos of
the banished society!
" The people have gone in crowds to thank the few
cardinals who have not fled from town, and honour
them for ' not despairing of Rome or doubting the
forbearance of her citizens.'
"3 o'clock.—The house met again to-day and has
just risen. All that was done during the night was
confirmed, and perfect unanimity pervades every class
of the community!

As i
ovtakeisTailsonaut for
tatiggelodot
preedizittivione: Didutba
to yen, Ide sot think I can do • be
etd,,•—•„ rested Ihttieeent of them events which ''41114
IA the NOTIPTIBINeStjemniaI ties -
M. d'H the French stabilised het% "to the Qlfds:= and entered uif the: le
lma4Poleeted
of the Pope. The holy father, leavinetthate "NI
in hie ahamben, so that It might indent that the inteniew still °madame, ,daseinded add.-Wet
214 et '
a simple plait, by the stalreeee of the corriedd,d
that of the Swim, and having entered d
Spunwest , minister et Bemis, they left by sge *ll
usstionassilighifithasA.Linabbsitallistbilt
bt tiyalboiffilabinithjtd.l::!oleCuolßie!::::!embthmt:Amathh.:l-11-7:"eroz,:l--":::::14:1
jecormy at fall speed, so that on the followlig
unknown
e
m+e
a
ea aim Vidoek in the morning, he arrived at 110k14,714.
whore the Cardinal Antonelli,
main( for him,
of S together with Cav
pain
repent they all went to Gaeta exeset
fM
Spear, who punned his journey to if .%
eniat t the hotel called the Giardinetro. ..""td.'4l„
day the French waysteanter Tenure aerie:lde:
from Clefts Vecchia the Minister of Frddid.d,,,_‘
emuit• the Minister of Portugal, Baron de Veld' 6'o_
Mwslgwr Stella, gentleman of the bedchamber of -F`'
and some other m non. The Count Sin r. o hiat4;
Naples during the night, presented himselfe stet s
the king, having been introduced by the
Monsignor Garibaldi, bringing with him en
kw
ofiflletell"whithayjofyetba:dr,winonwdherich be
,•
rival, and asked for hospitality for the head of tideilda,""'
world. Hie Maj sty, as I7on IA he had read the
app
and at rised
adthme.d:ek.d•-•:::,
night ordered that • battalion of the lot saga, et 0,,d,,*
Guards, and a battalion of the 9th of the the,tha4
terms
in the two st.-fre., the Roberto and the Timone, dd,,--"q
a guard end attendance uponthe Pope : he himself asidd,,--I
on board the Taiscredi with his august comet and
They left Naples euly in the moining, and afters
seven hours arrived before Gaeta. On the aniral Obit;
jesty it wt, sot yet known that the Pope had mind. fej,
Gen. Gras, governor of Guts, suspected that the soul
might be on board the French 'teenier, on wield t
rsl
strive with the ministers of France and Pound: tile 44 lik
en landing was received by Cardinal Antonelli, the Ifidd„
of France, and the secretary of the Spanish Ledetidd,-,,
arrangements were made for taking the Pope to 04,6..
of the governor incognito. This was quickly dose W-
-7"..
mediately after the august sovereign and the
went to kite the foot of the pontiff. Mal pis
It is impossible for language to describe this meet me.
meeting. The King, prostrate before the petite NNW
warmest thanks to God that he saw him safe la Ms Idea.
and then he received the papal benediction. TM
admitted also to the " bacio del piede," the reviled...l
their suit*, and turning to these in a marked am;
he said, and with u expressible goodness, Gradadid47.
forma part of an army which is a mirror of dodges '"
fidelity, which wit,. Its blood has maintained the needm-
of the law, and bee liberated the kingdom from the " 'mud
of anarchy." The Pope also received et the seated
of feet a few of the mariners of the roral launch, ed
these also he addressed himself, saying, " My eaildnub
faithful to your toeereign • be so teen to your dew
Afterwards the Pontiff invited to hie table kis Ilsjaq
King, the Queen, and the royal Felten, whilst Ceram
Antonelli received at another table the Minister of Fmk
the Minister of Bavaria, together with his family, te, K
older of Portugal, and the other diplomatists sole em
there, the captain of toe steamer Tenure, and the tap d
their Majesties and the royal Princes. Their hijpi
afterwards retired, receiving again the mil bus,
lion. Next day Cardinal Aotonelli reeled d
the diplomatists and the royal suite es te th
day. The Pontiff then advancing to ed
Mettyg,g bestowed his benediction en the cress d tk
royal frigate, the Taneredi, and on the populations:nada
front of the palace. All wept from tenderness, Undid it,
acclamations of devout affection to the Pontiff, intenuraTh
with cries of" Long live the King! long live Ferdineed
On the nothing of the 28th the Pops wished to shit tai
sanctuary of the Trinity, a little distance from Gaeta. lb
garrison of the Piazza, in grand gala, war ranged Cy*
o'clock on the battery of Plilipstal. The Pontiff mei
the same carriage with the King and the Queen, sad, eata
panted by the royal pine', cardinals, foreign ministemot
all their suites, proceeded to the sanctuary. About lan
the Pope 1. ft the carriage, all following his monk, tel
haying seconded a hill which commands the mg, hen
house previously prepared blessed the 'overtire sad te
troops. The extreme brightneu of the heavens the Pee
alluded to afterwards, saying that he compered to kde
candour of that fidelity. which the Neapolitan army pane
for its beloved sovereign. On arriving et the mom
which is served by friars, the Prior performed tie Wynn
with the assistance of the Pope. The claylike mink*
completed, his Holiness desired to ble,e oar religious nee
reign with the most holy sacrament. Approaching teas
fore the altar, and kneeling, whilst all permute wen one
ing the hely benedirion, the Footle becan:-" llond
God, my august muter and Lord, behold at thy he tej
unworthy vicar, who supplicates thee with dl la
heart to shed upon him from that lofty Inn a
which thou eittest thy benediction. Direct his step, roe*
his intentions, rule his mind, govern his °peruke bete
here where in thy inscrutable ways thou hut broiled bin,
and in whatever pert of thy fold he may be found say le
be a worthy instrument of thy tabu and of that at thy
church, now, alas ! set up as a mark for thy entitle If I
appease thy anger, justly excited by so many MOW
committed by the voice, the press, by act., his life may his
holocaust acceptable to thy heart, from this moment hew
secretes it to thee. Thou didst grant unto him this life, tel
thou oily but the right to take it whenever it mg
please thee. Bat oh, my God, let thy glory triumph; let
thy church triumph. Confirm the good, sustain the hada
and awaken with the arm of thy omnipotence all those Ms
lie in darkness and the shed° v of death. Blow 0 Lord, th
sovereign who is here prostrate before thee; blew his ampq
and hie family ; bless all his subjects, and his Memel sad
faithful army. Bless together with the cardiash el IU
bishop and clergy, in order that all may perfect in the arse
paths of thy law the work of the sanctification of be pemia
With this we shall hope to be preserved, not only kasha
metal pilgrimage from the snares of the wicked and km
Ses toils of the sinners, but we may also hope to net Quiet
la that place of eternal murky, art hic of in derma
AU returned to Gaeta astonished more than work
During the day two war steamers arrived from Neple,
bearing to the fest of the Pope, the French Yiee,edishe
Baudin, the French Minister at the Court of Nspima
Itagnsval, and the Spanish Ambundor Dab* di Sim
Oa the 29th the Cardinal Macchi arrived, ad
lusty, with his royal consort and the royal primm,lisag
taken leave of the Pope, embarked again for 14sphs,
they arrived on the night of the 29th.
His holiness still remains at Gaeta. On the Ist islet
his holiness visited the Duomo, and was conducted Aim
with every mark of homage and devotion. Altar a two
menial he went oat on • balcony and Sad Os
gimp of Gaeta. On returning to the room the Pep
as follows :-" Set a mark, my children, m tli
ace TM church unworthily represented by me, vies
am Christ, Is seen and known in hours of tesigsgwboi
ae at rasa% it is persecuted by the enemies of hit In
thine events confirm you in the faith and imams nw
siring* to sustain it. Mark, my children, this day. Baum
lag with the wee cortege to the palace, he received teds
kissing offset the Minion of State. The princes haw Ism
what they said, said he, for the advantage of the
kat a pities of the people, discontented, bare mailePeZ
peatamiana. I raise fervid prayer to the
Wig 49:8:1
lase' ma*. them ; but many have
their Meets against every say of light."
spokes, saw game particular inquiries, he dismiwidlimm
the (larding' who have entered the kieggma.ias
the I. to be mentionedhis }Deimos 011.,
Mai. Rem letters received here buziag the thasa a.
Cardinal Riario sustained the offices of ChamberWs dal
eimideidtady laillansMairrch, bothur offorthelemvil
late S. D. N. Papa
dimaisdatotendedNy._apthisgblettio.:stuTuriednl
to:nlriguitoulhdleasbliguillulliittill.Tishilidaus'Wedi.n.pgeoalt:ttreol!fttaetaantihubd°kalftmiliestnrializPreeluoirth:lineythiligralho:""l7..
the report.
palthtleoei.Mn7"WhiTistkiaiheareetunreselsopr:ealeldrherliarealithwaetort7"fluoatareviviluethimirmr•emviotneldiawemedijelluya°lurCafolobarttilicatteodrr'4olll'
e
l
netealmstszaa:"ltedthingdthedthsedeugovaape;inimanPuntageil:medaaresosniat::::adbadrcesii:gwamcoEhanwnedveinatir:bp"iryieffffical bT thorviehealmaliyfissort".thinm:lagadatioahistheteyarn for itatilftkutili.n.sa;:.-1
le
King had been associated with the Pope in the visaiam
Jesus Christ. You will perceive too how the militeglaf.
flattered and onmplimv sated. This leads mete rentals
esthnelttovitrNbealearriceaphinig.y andufe itonsolwensitkmtanhrnoeurghof
tthhee milistrocts::,aosst:sr;
one can be certain of not being insulted or even 0
any moment. I have mentioned the fact of an Beglitnow'
carriage having been stopped in the Toledo, th
ceeehW
wounded with a sword, and a lady inside exposed te
nest danger. A note was presented to the author:ties, eseln
the htest notice was taken °fit. Many othe lat.!
same r have occurred. On last Tueeihw, nor;
an
of a grosser character occurred which has
grad sensation. A carriage was going through th, ,Pl7l
in the afternoon and accidentally brushed by two realm_
the marine, who, fancying themselves insulted, drew
the coachman and wounded him. A gentleman, with
e,f..";
ladles inside, remonstrated with them, when t 8 Irkiid,
him also. A crowd collected, sharp words were en.
and, some soldiev retiring to their quarters joining „I.
a moat unprovoked =sank on the people took placee. ef
soldier followed these poor people, who were quite anet_;
and had mumbled from mere curiosity, cutting et tit!
they fled, and, en'eriog the houses, &son
p."'
and wounded all who came within their ire*
f
he
o
wounded. M. Banal, staff-alert of Admliat luh,-71;"
af:P°,,,,ig,ablefierliiihhuthfnlamtaanrtoet.ltmndn:uchnllceottnuitamtenwasaenihtoidatieres'nernb.ewnPabsoterelt:wedohreeittudverwtedrmettm.bseballieWns:to;h:::7lr:l:l7:46:fil
so
aewn
Nthgoanssineev•
iernßaothuntelmni'dia:tiowin7lTthtilhharieen:ehrdtmres:74KecdatitnpogisTattlimoLee7ecadznolesremtotan.uninw.lwa:itheeediticbtifenuity

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of die Ward at Ifre Nam earskilig tewsois
• sesefripmes shewMg HMS it Wig Ins a rate II
from isiabodlsatiend the sailims. Him Hs,
my so
• =i7l will by mem wart edam ft B.
g my am, mai hos as sablesto
Hs ed stye 4.2•4=
.v • MOW Wall ter
• sog eg BMW will be seredlog Ihs
it alley law. All V. ilmlebbebletlatriel
=rdivisheas st were bo milted Mb maks is
smog me pekes, sed I *ill lit them knew that lt hi
ins
my
JOISOWNMISII 011 rit sa to this west di
=ttledir Ms." The ?mat sethresoise
poides to Mont this la a minim gamed % m
•it tie Lakin said( el formica" to MAIM klo
Jeep* Mee Ike% tho admire depeters sr kw ro.
magreg is reolimes egged he WM hose stepost eti. The
seeng Is to cols Isglimi is tieliatary tar apse* Capt.
a Isildist atemit ht Wm.
/04,1.1=rilseilre 9=l needed to MINIM ME Lord
I bank Maras to Hoglemi by its Hedsey,
eams la from Umbels mitsiday la raker.
• my Waspy bus bass leridet at dada ter Remo, rem-
=the Maoism' misidey Illoplt your sums havo
caormesi, Smell& isibmial Osass. Os dm
IA at Hale, • tikeethisso teek plass betwess Ism
Tesesh ssibm as =rma suilisis, ha whisk tom of the
StrOVOMISI flf MOO i. OD be allelL Stadia will
esseintoi—a mos Amid Iletemom mod mesh in-
malbale meads. do wart wII IlbeelstlY Pro'
oats be omega NeapsiMos sad English, that the
Mme.. wf pare Hickok I. at liberty. Hr. Temple I
uggemead, had aa interview with die King yeekeday, with
whet maks I Mew mt.
AS OP Sidly, =stun are is aloft *me, bat mmethiss Ire
perted b brawl* Priam Pena& is goes to Haim oa
Nos swim, hell Fdastiori km boss mat be from the
goo dm, sell is sew ht Naples. He is in lasi and deep
sidaresses wish tie minion for 'moire again. The King
iiotoreileed .at the elsiliass is rebellious .Mlles, sad
.Impel them he obedieses, moss may isfre from ths pretest
es=l edam
4.444hy pormils at Palermo. TM populace, headed
by a mos maid assedal., me memo of everything,
With mud to the pressolhigs of the Swills. perlia•
amt, it geeing as the 14th uit.: "That tho hammy of
de este Medd be formed is reghsests of the lies
ad light bstogiess." It Me domes " a daily SIIJIMIK•
fit et lb* pommy of the mato to all Monism and
so 44 'Odom, loirailly resident is eimisa, who ha
bksao tan is Palsom Mee the evom of the 6th and
ilk 4( fieresater, 1848.. " The present Chamben sWI
metier to sit es they sot is their actual form sett the
sew Leg arrive in 6iets. and has sworn to the eased.
hake ef the 104 of July. 1848. Dario, tide thin the
ebaterel operation shall remain atopended." "As ens
is the enemies% of the new King shall be formed, the
*Am shall be proonded with immi diately, and the sew
pediment shell anneble Ivy. tight as soon as sseh opera,
tir shall have terestsatol.' " The damns of the new
pelismest Mall be always that determined by the statute
18 Mgt bra the day of its fine meeting."
Five per Ceuta. are 82.