The Express.
London, England, 1848-06-20 00:00:00

PARIS, Moaner, 6 30 P.R.
M. Thiers addressed a letter to an ex-deputy, dated
2nd May, which has now for the first time been pub-
lished. It is as follows :
This is my opinion on the important questions of the
present moment. You know the general othainacy of my
political, enciel, and economical opinions ; you know how
ittle mete I have for the becoming a member ; you know,
therefore, I would not aurae* one of my modes of thinking
to the electoral multitude. But I am sometimes annoyed
at the silly opinions ascribed to me by many of your friends
with respect to the clergy. I think, after having read what I
have written as to the conconlat, they should know my sea.
animas better. In any cue, the revolution of Feb-
ruary has changed much on this matter, sod could not
allow rue to doubt, if I had done so before. I have always
thought that a positive religion, a worship, a clergy, was
necessary, and that in this respect the oldest was the
best, a+ being the mo,t respectable. Now, when all
social ideas are perverted, and when in every village they
Are about to appoint a schoolmaster who is a phalansterian,
I look upon the curd as an indispensable safeguard for the
ideas of the people ; he will teach at least, in the name of
Christ. that sorrow accompanies every state, that it is the
inevitable condition of life, and that when the poor man has
a fever, it is not the rich who sends it to him. Without
mum: there cannot be a clergy. Many catholic, deceive
themselves in this respect, and imagine that, in renouncing
their rotary, they be freed from control by the state,
they will be only freed from receiving their satiny, thmtis all.
The yoke will be still as heavy, and they will die of want.
Be ensured th.it, in nine-tenths of France, they would allow
the {stints to die of hunger. In La Vendee, perhaps, they
would support them; and ;inhales some rich proprietors
would subscribe a fund of some millions (which I doubt); but
what would they do with these millions ? I tell you, with
this system they would reduce Franco to the state of Ireland.
As to the liberty of education lam changed. lam nut for
a re volution ire my convictions, but for a r: volution in the
social cundition. When the university represented the good
and wise " bourgeosie," taught our children after the method
of R.ollin, gave preference to the wholesome and old
classical studies over the physical and material studies of the
churietans of professional education, then, yes, then, I would
sai rittce to it liberty of education. Now I would nt,
and why? Bec ow, nothing it now as it than was.
The university, fe tea ate the hands of phalansterians, pre.
tends to teach our: eddies a lit), mathematics, physics, and
natural science, with mask snaroginn. The only safety I
see, if there be any, is inlibertier aiestion. Ido not say
that it sh,.uld he aheolute, and withoet any guarantees of the
public eutherity; for if them were to be a choice between
Professor Carnet and Professor Blanqui, I would at least
prevent the teaching of the latter. But in any case I think
that the education by the clergy, which for many
reasons I do not approve, seems better than that which is
preparing for us. This is my opinion on these points. I
aim sli tt.at I was, list I de not entertain my hatred sod
determine r IS a Ler; u', then, where is the enemy? This
enemy is detnag-igism, and I will not yield to it the last
wreck of social order, that is tho Catholic establish-
ment. If I were to write ler publication, I should
reason more strongly, and with more choice of language,
hut ono cat write to one's friends without so much cousider.
alien. I should not with this published, for in that cue I
should like it put in better shape.
The second legion of the National Gated of Paris
is expected to elect Prince Louis Napoleon as their
Colonel, in place of M. Clement Thomas.
Tile Assembly was occupied chit fly to-day with
the project of the constitution and the subject of the
ateliers nationaux.
It was reported in the Salle des Conferences
yesterday, that a camp of 25,000 men was intended
to be firmed in the plain of Satory, near Versailles,
and which is stated to have been determined on by
the Executive Commission to protect the government
against sent:, presumed attasks.
La Republique says that symptoms of insurrection
have manifested thempelves in Savoy, where a strong
wish of being separated from Piedmont and annexed
to France exists.
The same journal remarks that the following quota-
tion from tie, Palrie of last evening will show what
line of conduct the new Procureur-General will
adopt " one of the juges d' instruction on the attempt
of the 15th May, went this evening at eight o'clock
to the Legislative Palace, and interrogated Louie
Blanc its presence of three witnesses, who had been
previously examined as to the part he took in that
affair.
M Emile Thomas, having been examined by the
commission charged with the inquiry as to the
ateliers na'ionaux, has made statements gravely com-
promising, it is said, the Executive Commission, and
the commission of inquiry are about to apply to the
Assembly for power to investigate the conduct of the
Executive Commission.
The following is a more complete outline than any
already given of
TILE CONSTITUTION OF THE FRENCH REPUBLIC.
In the pr pence of God, end in the name of the French
people, the National Assembly proclaims and decrees the
following
DECLARATION OP DUTIES AND WORTS,
The duties of man in society are summed up in respect for
the cemiutution, in obedience to the laws, In the &fence of the
country, in the emomplishment of his family duties, and in the prac-
tice of that fraternal maxim: "As ye would that men should du to
you, do ye to them likeisiee.”
The oaf Within. guaranteep to all citiz, es—
rty Equality Security— Instruction—Labour—Property—

sTikinee.
Liberty cohabits in the right of going and coming ; of meet-
ing peaceably and without arms; of a...rioting ; of petitioning; of
exercising one's t ; of manifesting his thoughtsand opinions by
mans of the press or otherwue. The exercise of these rights hos nu
other limits than the rights and litcrties of other alltioll.l, and the
public si curity.
?nimbly comdsts in the exclusion of every title and privilege
of birth, clam, or cone, in the admin.:batty of every one to all public
employments, without any other motive or ground for preference but
virtue and Went, and the equitable parhdpation of all eatizioui in the
charges and advantages of society,
Security consime in the inviolability of the person, the family,
the domicile, and the rights and property of ezeti and e :cry member
of axiety.
The right of instruction is that which all citizens have to
Meier gratuitously from the state, the education proper for toc deve-
lopment of the physical, Mona, and intellectual faculties of each of
"--

- .
them.
The right of labour is that which every man has to lire by
his work. Society must, by the productive and general means of which
it disposes, and which will be organised hereafter, furnish labour to
all meta In health, who cannot procure It otherwise.
Property consists In the right of enjoying and disposing of
one's goods and revenues, of the fruits of one's labour, of his
intrlii-
inner, and of his indwary.
The right of entrance is that which belongs to children
,bandoned, to the infirm, to the old, to receive from the state the
means of existing.
OF THE SOVEREIGNTY OF TILE PEOPLE.
Prance is a slemoerauc Republic, one and indivisible.
The French Republic has as in symbol, "Liberty, Equality,
arse EriVeruily"
Toe sovereignty resides in the universality of the French citizens.
II is inalienable and hopreseriptive, and no individual, no fraction
lithe people, can attribute to itself the exercise of it.
kl the public powers, whatever they may he, emanate from
the people. They cannot be delegated hereditarily.
The separation of the powers is the tint condition of a free
NORD !nor.
OF THE LEGISLATIVE POWER.
The French people delegate the legislative powers to a 'logic
Assembly.
The election has for basis the population.
The total number of the represent-tires of the people shall be
Me, including the representatives for Algeria and the French
colonies. Thu number to be increased to WO for the assemblies that
revise the constitution. The suffrage to be direct ant universal.
OF TILE REP IteISENTATIVES AND TILE ASSEMBLY.
Every Emmeline. of It yeas of age, and having resided in the
commune for six months. is an elector.
Every Frenchman, aged 2.1 y•nrs without any coalition of paying
co: tribittlons or domicile, In eligible.
Bankrupts uocertated, pereons condemned to infamous
pueighments, or suffering punishment for acts quell& d crimes hy
the law, or for robbery, ewindling. abuse of ciontidence, indecency,
vagsbondage, or begging, shall neither be nectars nor eligible.
Voting shall be by ballot. The election of representatives shall he
mole by di partulents and voting by lima.
Every list shall contain as many names as there are mire*
to '

• elect
The national assembly shall emit,' the powers of its members, and
ecide on the validity of aootested elections.
The assembly is to be elected fee three years, and after such period
entity nitwit
It is Permanent, but It may adjourn for a specified time, but not
weeding three wombs.
The representitiven are remlbrible.
The numbers if the legislative body are not representatives of the
epartment whom they are named, bu vote.all Prance.
They cannot receive any instructions to
Nu member of the National Assembly con be prosecuted or arrested
a a criminal matter, unless taken In dagrante &bete," until the
senubly shall have given authorisation.
The low determine. the public functions which are incompatible
with the duty of repreeriatitive of the people.
The sittings of the areembly are nublie. Nevertheless the assembly
may form itself into a secret committee, on the demand of a act min
number of representatives fixed I. the standing orders.
The ass tribly Maitre Lie" and decrees. Decrees can only have re-
ference to local and private intercom. The presence of oue half of the
members of the assembly ie necessary to the validity of a vote o: a
law. The standing orders stuall determine the number necessary to
vote a decree.
No legislative act can become definitive until after the project of
law shall have been printed, deposed, and publixbed, tin it shall have
been twice discussed and three times read, at intervals of not lees
than ten dam. Leery representative receives as Indemnity which he
cannot renounce.
OF THE EXECUTIVE POWER.
The French people delegate the executive power to a citizen,
who Teethees the title of President of the Republic.
In order to be named President, the person must be born a
Frenchman, and of the are of forty years at least.
The President is nominated by the direct and universal euf.
frees of the people, by secret serfage, and by the relativemajority
of the voters.
The President must have at least two million votes. Ile is elected
for four years, and is not re-eligible.
Ile is to tweet and secure the execution of the laws.
He disperses cif the aimed tome without being ever enabled to NW
tulle ia rime.
ma /lee rep fan got at the territory, nor dissolve the
11.)d y. trotlo.lBll la my mower the empire of the constitution
et Me lave.
Ha los Hopourei ark Luz to the National Assembly the report cf
third dela et the Imre of the republic.
MOON eillegedbe, which will be available only after having
boa mot
eal solital by the legislative body.
/a bee a debt moomitemodao, but be ma only alert this efght
oeall.l raw" if Mims ot Ards% nod atter bah, ever
Mad the emodt el are.
Bea=illie lie =pm= name el Ile Pore people, witti-
est althea
Ns endow the amp art aabootadoci frau tiotga power. or-
owellHS bet to him
11 Wad it the eons at the siteritile. awl mosolval a salary
at ealidielitt. per MIMI.
NS MAIN the oat et
Moe to a viebareoilealsoroller bar ran by
the Itoehood ohs nob by the Padden,
ho the moslit lie IMAM The vicibme.
Mat al Or reesilig fooke jails* ei the, (Joaacil of mate.