The Express.
London, England, 1851-08-16 00:00:00

FINE ARTS

tagem, bribed his comrades, deceived the Directory, riolated in the tame clothes as the mutts( Wm. He buttoned his / him while he dug it up. Beatemps descended with his,
the laws of representation, ordered the decrees to be torn gaiters, and put on his travelling cap, uncertain whether shovel and pickaxe to the bottom of the moat, and finding •
_ down by his bayonet., and took possession rf his country. they had called him to make an appearance or to depart, the ground all about dry and hard, he recollected that '
France be bare seas a people, it was then only a man ; and aml he permitted his dog, %bleb had slept at his feet, to . they had begun to dig a trench the eveniug before, Pre-flaphne lam. Hy the Author of Modern Painters."
7Ac Maury er the Mstoration of Monarchy in Frame. that ta„ ,taa tktap„, . follow Ilan. Ile then went 111(11 the Mutenaut and the two at the foot of the Queen's lea Ilion, in the angle formed Smith and Elder, 1:441.
By ALPIION%V. DR Lsavatixs. Dirii,ians I 3111 2, tile Itt:IGN. . gendarmes through the stairemee, the corridors, and the by the tower and a little wall breast high for the purpose, : Mr. Ruskin has just issued, in pamphlet form, his
forming Vol. 1. of the Lihrnry of Contemporary French lie swept away the Republic with the tread of his sol- courts, and was introduced into the ehrunliet esti, .illi l ig the it was said, of depositing rubbish in it. lie accordingly thoughts on the past, present, and future of Pre-
Litewoore. Vine, Ily and Company. dies. lie trampled on tit,' throne of the Bourbons in saloin of Hard, where he found himself in the preseiele of went to the foot of the tower, marked out in paces the insa-
Au original work, and that work a history, hr raffle. Like A murderer, in the darkness of the night, he the judge..ulvocate d'Aumneourt. It was then midnight, sure of a maces body extended at length, and dug in the Raphitelitism. Nlr. Ruskin seldom writes better
Lamartine, redeems at the eleventh hour the cri.clit wired upon the bravest and most confiding of the military as it appears by the date of the examin dim'. The cons- j earth, that had been already moved,
aa rave
titer the corpse than when he loses his temper—we call to witness
the first volume of the " Modern Painters," which
al this languishing season. The historian of the princes a this race, the Duke d'Enghien, in a foreign . mender of the squadron of gendarme:, Jaquin, acconas they were preparing for it. The D k d'E Ohm could
" Girondists," rapid. earnest, faithful, and intuitive country. lie slew him in the ditch ed Vincennes by a ani- I ponied hiru. I have heard from his window, over the humming noise of was a generous defence • t the violentattacks
opium
gular presentiment of crime, which allowed him in this ---- ----- I the troops below, the dull and regular sound of the pick- !on Turner. The support now proffered to the Pre-
as ever, brings his sympathies, his experience, youth the only armed competitor of the throne against Wm, axe which was digging his last couch. Raphaelites seems to originate from the same laud-
his graphic power to illustrate and judge the or against hi, rice. lk conquered Italy, which had been Savory, at the same time, marched down and arranged
able motive. Though the present pamphlet is much
restoration. What myriads of critical events ' Rain lost, Germane, Prussia, Holland (reennquered after slowly in the moat the detachments of troops who were to
Come tit with and fill that period. The downfall Pichegru), Spain, s7tiple,s, kingdins, and republics. Ile witness this military death, and ordered the firing party to . less voluminous than the first, it nevertheless con-
of a dangerous and desipecitic throne, the Tanic threatened England, and caressed Russia, in order to lull load their muskets. , tains about all that can be said on the subject,
her to sleep. Ile carved out the continent, made a new A noise of footsteps, advancing slowly towards the chain-' with, perhaps, an overplue. The notes are prefaced
effort to ratse the empire from ruin, the final over- distribution of nations, and raised up thrones for all his her, interrupted this agreeable and last indulgence of cap-
.. y
1 u an acknowledgment that the writer had some
throw of Napoleon, the promise of liberty, exciting a Empty. He expended ten generations of France. to estab- ossify. It was the commandant of Vincennes,
113 re" ' hand in the f rmation of the present school, and by
nation to ecstatic joy ; the return of arts, potteb and Bob a royal or imperial dynasty for each of the sons or accompanied by the brigadier of the gendarmerie of. the !° .
letters; the reconstruction of polite society, these are daughters of his mother. His fame, which grew Mem- village, Aufort. This friend of Hardee had been permitted , sonic remarks which are inserted from the " Modern
among the objets which challenge the historian's "Intl,' in noise and splendour, imparted to France and to to remain in one of the commandant's rooms, after having I Painters." Though this assertion mar be founded in
Euro that vertigo of glory which hides the immorality ordered the prince's supper, and from thence lie had heart truth, we should rather feel inclined to bestow the
eulogy, while over against them is to be set the false- and the abyss of such a re' I • reign I e created the attraction, or seen all the events of the night. Hard, agitated and i
greatest share of the distinction on Lord Lindsay,
hood, weakness, and crime of a monarch tarnishing and was followed even to the delirium of the Russian cam- trembling at the mission he hail to fulfil, had permitted s•
who at the very period of the uprising of the Pre-
the glory thrust upon hint, and in the end provoking Isogn. lie floated in a whirlwind of events so vast and so Aufort to follow and assist him in his message to the pri- , ,
the nation to root the rove! house from the soil. 1 rapid that even three years of errors did not occasion his loner. I Raphaelites, four years since, strongly advised all
M. de Lamartine's acquaintance with this era is fall' ci
ty
alt had elevated him, sus?ined him over They saluted the prince respectfully but neither of then, I young men to fling to the winds all the exploded
the vacuity of all the other principles which he had des- had toe firmness to acquaint hint with the truth. The ' ilteortes of schools or academies. This was, if me-
not dead knowledge gleaned in libraries, lie I-4 • • d 4hi • ' d pea . Spain moue& s armies; Humus serve as a Se. dejected attitude and trembling voice of Hard I mory serves us right, towards the close of the volumes
lived and moved about the court on the military staff pulchre to 700,000 men; Dresden and Leipaie swallowed alone revealed to the eye and to the heart of
:.C1 •t• At" i t which Yea Ideate Angelico
tan r , t .
of royalty, and in dnily intercourse with the' up toe rest. Germany, exasperated, deserted his cause. the prince a fatal presentiment of the rigour of on . "Is-
great men of the age during the fifteen years that The whole of Europe hemmed him in, and pursued hint his judges. lie thought they now came for him only is held up as a recluse denit-god: And he has been held
the elder Bourhons ovetipicil the throne 4 France. -I`' •
fen the Rhi eto tit. Pv a with might tide of
n e . realm., a y to hear his sentence read. Hard desired him, ea the ever since as such
by all pictorial Young Englanders.
Deople. Fr-mice, exhausted and disaffected, saw him corn- part of the tribunal, to follow Mat and he went before with It is difficult to follow llr. Ruskin through his first
If reason bids him coiiilium the Restoration, it is not ha a lantern in his hand, through the corridors, the passages,
t and sink without raising an arm in his e ruse. Yet, mees for with greater perversion of reason than usual
until his early associations mod sympathies have when he had nothing against the whole world but a hand- and the courts it was necessary to cross, to arrive at the 11 •ss '
pleaded urgently in its favour. The royalist,accusti imed fat a soldier., hi' did nut fall. Everything was luisillilat,tl building called the " Devil's Tower." The interior of this 0 over labours plain mat te r offact with t rat i seendental
to the detraction of democratic writers, will find in the around his throne; but his glory remained, still soaring tower contained the only staircase and the only door de- commentary, and with a due accompaniment of pam-
seendinir to, and opening into, the lowest moat. The prince lox. Thus while at the outset we arc told that no yreat
pages of this republican the most glove - picture oft nb"" his he'd' appeared to hesitatt! two or three times on going into this intellretteal thirty teas crer done by great (Wiwi : fol-
• - ' • - -'s the blood, - - • --s. might

LITERATURE.

THE TRIAL.
To the questions proposed by the judge-advocate, he
replied that his ;Lune W
' wasLouis-Antoine Henri iour-
bon Duke irEnghien, born at Chantilly, the Versailles of
the Conde's ; that he had quitted France at a period which
lie scarcely recollected, under the guidance of the Prince de
Con&, his grandfather and of his father the Duke de Bour-
bon; that he hail wandered about Europe with his family;
then entered into the army of his grandfather, and served
during the war; that this army having been disbanded,.:
he had inhabited for his amusement the mountains of
the Tyrol, visited Switrerland as a traveller, and that,
finally, having demanded of the Prince de holierpermis-
sion to reside on his estates of the Duchy of Baden, he
had fixed himself at Etteuheim ; that he had never
been in England, but that, nevertheless, ho subsisted
I on the subsidy which that power made to the refugee
princes, and that he had nothing to live on but that pension :
—that private reasons, and lila passion for field sports, were
the principal motives of his preference for Ettenheim :-
1 that he naturally corresponded with his fathe r and his
grandfather—the only ties he had upon foreign ground:—
that he hail the rank of commandant of the advance-guard
of the army of ColiM in 17% : —that he never had the least
connection with General Piehegru :—that this general had
expressed a wish to see him:—that he congratulated him-
self, and made it his pride not to have seen him, atter the
base means which this general had been accused of employ-
ing, presuming that that accusation was true :—that neither
did he know Dumouriez :—that he had sometimes written
to France to old comrades, friends, and companions in
arms, who were still attached to him; hut that his corres-
pondence was not of the nature of those whirls could he in-
criminated. The prince, alter these replies, modest, distinct,
and frank as his own soul, had to sign the interrogatories in
the presence of the officers and the gendarmes. But address-
ing himself to the judge-advocate d'Autencourt, he ex-
pressed a desire to him to have an interview with the First
Consul. We have seen that, from the first moment of his
arrest, he had constantly farina over this thought in his
mind. Ile did net believe that a suspicion could subsist
between the look of the hero and that of the soldier, and
that they would understand one another in their first
meeting. D'Autencourt recommended him to write this
with his own hand at the bottom of the interrogatories,
since that document would be submitted to the court-martial.

ringg p,.
the glories of returning monarchy. Mere he may
become young in the mcmoritw of the past, recall
the touching moment when his country rose with
tears of joy from the oppression of the empire and
hoped in a monarch who came back instructed by
exile, and liberty which had been purified by
expiation. If any ask how M. do Lamartine
can presume to write the history of a period so
recent, it is because of the rapidity of events, and
the all-embracing extent of his experience. Ile
says:
1 scantly exceed the middle age of man. and I have al-
ready litt,l under ten dominations, or ten different govern-
malts, in Frimee. Dem. n infancy and maturity, I have
wan( ..sed ten revolutions; the constitutional government
of Louis X VI., the first Republic, the Virectory, the Con-
sulate, the Empire, the first Restorntion in 1814, the second
Scrone ut of Cie " 'handfed Days" by Napoleon, the
eScond R..toration in 1815, the reign of Lou,.. Philippe,
and the Second Republic—teu cataracts, by which the spi-
rit of modern liberty and the stationary or obstructive sin-

lIIS POLICY.
A. a diplomatist he was eminently shrewd, while he had
his ambition to serve, and his reign to establish. In his
Italian campaign he fought with one hand and negotiated
with the other. He daringly trilled with the instructions
of the radical republicanism of the Convention. Ile treated
with eunqsered Piedmont, which he had authority to de-
stroy, and increased the republican army against Austria,
with the contingents of a monarchy. lie negotiated with
the PUN', whom he was directed to expel from Home, and
enlisted on his stile the feelings, the respect, and even the
superstitions of the people. Ile treated with Modena for
millions, and paid his soldiers with the treasures of prince...
He negotiated with Tuscany and with Naples, to divide his
enemies, and to fight them, like the itoratius of old, one
after the other. Ile soothed Venice, while he required her
neutrality ; but insulted, violated, and crushed her, when •
he no longer feared her power. lie retained the tire of
revolutionary• enthusiasm and independence in Milan; then
resold Venice to Au•tria ; and thus purchased the shadow
of peace, with which he expected to make himst If popular
in France. 'Thus far his diplomacy was that of Machined,
but of a patriot.e Machiavel, who committed such treachery
only as was useful to his country.

suspicious tower, like a victim which smells and
which resists and turns back its head on crossing the
the...hold of a slaughter-house.
Saeary, while waiting till the prisoner had descended to
the place of execution, and till the detachments and tiring
party had been drawn up on the ground, was warming
himself, standing by Hazel's tire, in the hall where the
trial had taken place. llullin, after having sent off his
pincer crew! of condemnation, was sitting at the table,
with his back turned towards Savory. Hoping that the
sentence would be commuted by the power and clemency
of the First Consul, he began reading, in his own name
and in the name of all his colloagues' a letter to Bonaparte,
to communicate to him the desire that the accused had ex-
pressed of obtaining an audience of him, and to supplicate
him to remit a punishment which the rigour of
their functions alone had forced them to award. " What
are you doing ?" said the man atter Bonaparte's heart, ap-
proaching Ilullin. " I am writing to the First Consul,"
said the president, "to acquaint him with the request of
the condemned, and the wishes of the council." But Sa-
vory, taking the pen from the hands of the president,
said to him, " Your business is done ; all the rest concerns

lowing out a parity of reasoning we might come to
the conclusion that the works of the Pre-Raphaelitcs
are no great things, as Mr. Ruskin subsequently tells
us that they are intensely laboured. But even this
Mr. Ruskin will no more allow than that they are
of middling worth. The whole pamphlet seems to
vacillate between the vindication of what is of equi-
vocal worth, and applause of what is intrinsically
had. It is of course out of the question to try and
follow the writer through his critical maze; but some
half dozen pages seem to contain a summary
of all that is more immediately connected with the
subject. It is like an oasis lying between
an exordium, on the one hall, of 24 pages—on the
necessity of having an artistic vocation before be-
coming a painter; and on the other, a lengthy pero
ration on the merits of Turner, which was doubtless
torn from a chapter in the long-expected last volume
of the " Modern Painters." 'I he sum and substance
of this is to commend to every one the tact that two

The prince took the pen, and wrote as follows:
' " Before I sign the present proceedings, I entreat
permission to hare a private audience with the First Con-
SW. My name, my rank, my habits of thought, and the
horror of my situation, lead me to hope that he will nut
refuse my demand."
The juilge-adeticate, leaving the duke alone with his.
guardians, carried the document to the court. The judges
read it, received from it the impressions which they seem to
have been ordered to receive, by the artificial position of the
questions drawn up by the set of government, and con-
verted briefly together about the wish expressed by the
accused to sec the First Consul. Some of the members were

rit have entkavoetrjel, by turns, to ele"Scenel or to remeareet
the declivity of revolutkins.
This age has streaks of too much importance to accom-
plish, and questions of civilisation and religion too compli-
canal to solve, nut to continue long republican, or net to
return frequently to that form of goveniment. I am,
therefore, a republican, from a knowledge of the things
which must happen uud from devotion to the great work
of the age. It ithuut overlooking any of the inconve-
nience, tad dangers of democracy, I am of opinion that
we should accept them heroically as a task. It is the ins!
strument which wounds and bruises the hand of the statee-1
man ; but it is the instrument of great things. We mast
renounce gnat things; we must again recline on the indo-
knt couch of babas and prejudices ; or we must risk the
Republic. This is my profession of faith. It is with this
conviction that I have undertaken to write the history of
the two reigns of the Restoration.
We have tint space now to enlarge upon M. de.
Lamartinc's historwal style and method, as here dis-
playtsl. Every page glitters with the peculiar bean-
ties of the author of the "Girondists." Every one
will be pleased to know how the illustrious republi-
can regards
run CHARACTER OF NAPOLEON.
Napoleon was a man of the school of Nlachinvil—not of
that of Plutarch. His object was neither virtue nor patri•
°bon, but an ardent thirst after power and renown. Fa-
voured by circumstances which never fell to the lot of any
other man, not even Cc-tar, he sought to conquer and pos-
sess the world at any cost—not to ameliorate it, hut to ag-
pundige himself. 'Phis, the sole aim of all the actions of his
bYe, lowers and narrows them in the eyes of all true states-
men. (hod never said to man, Seek thyself thine own
mod ; thou shalt become the centre of all human thiugs. and
thou shalt make the world succumb to thy own purposes."
On the contrary, he has "Thou shalt he, as faros it is
in thy power, a meaus, an instrument, a servant to man-
kind ; thou shalt devote thyself to the good of thy pro le ;
thou shalt lac great, nut in thyself, insigniticiat and ephe-
mera being as thou art, but in thy people, au universal be-
ing, whom thou shalt wave, ennoble, and elevate." This is
the prototype of true grandeur. Sound policy and immor-
tal WOW. are contained in this rule alone ; tor at exhibits the
true virtue Of a 5.t.1h,,111.111. out only according to hummehis-
tory, but iu accordance with divine wisdom.
• • • •
Napoleon was born in Corsica, at a time when that island,
having lost its nationality, was struggling to retrieve its in-
dependence. Re declared against Paoli, the liberator of his
berth-place ; sought a country, and chose the MC the
most agitated, France. Ile foresaw, with the precocious s:.-
gorily of ins,inet, that great risks of fortune would be, or
were, the grand movements of things or of ideas. The French
Rovolutiou broke out; he threw himself in the midst of it.
Did Jacubinisni govern, he extolled it, affected radied
and assumed all the exaggerated mannesni of the de-
magogues—their language, their costume, their displeasure,
and their popularity. The Simper de Demeaire," a ha-
rangue fit for a club, he amt. in a camp. Tlw title of the
Devolution raw and fell in proportion as the public of Pa-
ris was exciksl or calm. Napoleon ruse unit fell with it,
serving with equal real, at one time the conventionalists sat
Toulon ; at another the Thermidorians of Paris. Some-
times the convention against the demagogues; at others,'
Darras and toe Directory, against the Royalists.
Ile yielded all to circumstance, and nothing.to principle. '
With a foresight of who would be in power, he alwaysjoined
the successful, rbiug indifferently with any or against any.
As a youth, lee woe a true specimen of the race and times of
the Italian republicans' who en-aged on hire their bravery
and their Mood, Many faction any cause, pros bled they did
but aggrautlise themselves. Asa soldier, ho otfeftel leis skill
and lib sewed to the most daring or the most fortunate.
This and nought else is observable in all his mph.' career
of fortune. The mum,: of this fortune was no other than the
favour of the most influential of the Directory towards a
beautiful woman, who enjoyed the familiarity of the power-'
Bel of the day. Berms gave Nopoleou fur dower the army
of Italy. Ile loved, it is true., and was beloved iu return ;1
but leis love was nut disinterested ; it was mixed with the
alloy of satisfied ambition. Freon this command elates the
display of his genius. Ile communicated its spirit to his
troops; he diffused a youthful ardour in the antiquated
camp,: hi• remodelled the laws of military discipline. and
introduced an entirely new system of tactics; he called into
sietiou the daring spirit—that all-powerful genius of revolu-
tionary ;Ware he 'accelerated the roommate of armies,
and g . 4 tenfold the time by his marches; he discon-
certed the prudence and slow new. of the pupils of a Frede-
rick and a Landon. Ile conquered, made peace., and ratified
treaties. Some nations he extirpated, others he respected;
he negotiated with those which. like Rome, had made a
deep impression on the popular mind; and without pity, or
a pretest, remorselessly swept from the face of the earth
others which, like Venice, were too weak fur defence. Ile
usurped everything, in spite of authority, in spite of diplo-
mat:), and of the very. principles of his own government.
At one time he proclaimed, at another betrayed, and then
again sold the dogmas of the French Revolution, just as
the opportunity presented itself, or the necessity for main-
taining his personal popularity in Italy and at Leuben re-
quired. here he re-establisbes despotism—there he conse-
crates the observance of theocracy; in another place he
makes a trot& of the independence of nations, while lee
sells liberty of conscience. Ile is no longer the general of a
revolution, the negotiator of a republic; he is a man who
has created himsell, and himself alone, at the expense of all
principle, of all the resolutions. and of all the powers that
had invested hien w ith authority. The labours of the ICU-
Mali mind of the eighteenth century, of modern philosophy,
uud of the French Revolution, all alike disappeared. Bo-
naparte stood alone. It was 110 longer the age that moved
--'twas a man who played with the age, and who substi-
tuted himself for an epoch. There sou no France, no lie
volution, no Republic ; 'twos he ! ho alone ! and (or
ever he !

But he W:1,4 no sooner on tho throne than all his negotia-
tions became a series of maelstroms as hdal to himself as to
the solid greatness of his country. Ile threatened England,
which he could not reach tido r by sea or land ; and lie de-
dared himself her eternal though powerless antestottist.
Ile thus created the hatred of a Hannibal against his na-
tion and his dynasty, thus placing the continent in the pay
of that power, and the commerce of the world under its
flag.
Ile alienated the whole of independent Germany by ter-
ritorial cupidity and family appal:lams, by which he multi-
plied princes, without obtaining support. lie refaced to
Russia the Empire of the East, while he secured to himself
that of the West. He declared the incompatibility of any
other power whatever with that of his own, CVCII at the
extremity of the earth. He also declared himself a candi-
date for universal monarchy ; that is to say, the common
and unisersal enemy of all thrones and all nationalities.
1 bus, with his own hands, he combined England, Russia,
Austria, Prussia—all the world, iu short—in the league of
the human race against him.
Ile tuaght lank r, and his fame and genius gave him
victory. Ile made treaties of peace, which were false,
short, precarious, amt menacing, for those he had but half
conquered;—treaties which allowed the parties to respire,
but not to disarm. In the expectation of a newly premedi-
tated war with Russia, be hail the madness to throw the
Ottoman Empire into the hands of that lower, and thus to
deprive himself of the only gnat and natural ally which re-
mains d to him for the day of struggle.
He conquered Vienna, and he re-established the Austrian
monarchy ; but he saw Hungary sighing for independence,
and left it subservient to that power.
lie conquered Berlin, but he did not extinguish Prue.
sia. lie Saw Poland dismembered, palpitating with hope
and patriotism towards him. Ile could recall her to life
with a wave id his hand, make her the firm ally of France,
the outpost of his armies, the arbiter of the north and of Gen
many, tile barrier of Russia, and he sold her remains to the
compacted powers, to purchase the favours and considera-
tion of the old races fus his dynasty of upstarts.
Ile caw Spain threw herself into his arms, accept his
arbitrations, implore his guardianship, associate herself with
France in a compact, natural and eternal, of the South
against the com,urring races of the North ; but he preferred
rather to bandits than to attract her, and to conquer her for
his brother, than to have voluntary possession fur the good
of his country.
Finally, he threw himself, with a million of men, into
the heart of Russia, to invade, by an unnatural contradic-
tion, the north by the south, and to possess himself of no-
thing but snow and ashes. Germany, which lie impru-
dently left, armed and exasperated, behind him, closed
upon his steps, and he' was taken in a trap which he had
prepared for himself lie seemed to have had but one ob-
ject in his policy fur ten years past, via., to unite all nations
in a combination of shame and hatred against him ; and to
r. advs. France the irreconcileable enemy of the human race.
This was the genius of his foreigu policy—the genius of
selfishness, which became, in his coo:, the genius of ruin.
ll is sLNTENCE.
False in institutions, for he retrograded; false in policy,
for he debased ; false in murals, fur he corrupted ; false ice
civilisation, fur he oppressed ; false in diplomacy, for he
isolated ;—he was only true in war ; for lie shed torrents of
human blood. But what can we then allow hint ? lfis in-
dividual genius was great, but it was the genius of mate-
rialism. His intelligence was vast and clear, but it was the
intelligence of calculation. its counted, he weighed, he
measured ; but he felt not ; he loved not ; he sympathised
with none; he was a stsstue rather than a man. (herein
lay his inferiority to Alexander and to Cirsar he resembled
more the Hannibal of the Aristocracy. Few men have thus
been moulded, and moulded cold. All was solid, nothing
gushed forth, in that mind nothing was moved. His me-
tallic nature was felt even in his style. Ile was, perhaps,
the greatest writer of human events since Machiarel. Much
superior to Caesar in the account of his campaigns, his
style is not the written expression alone ' • it is the action.
Every sentence in his pages is, so to speak, the counterpart
and countenimpressionof the fact. There is neither a let-
ter, a sound, or a colour wasted between the fact and the
word, and the worst is hintwlt. Ilia phrases concise, but
struck olf without ornament, recall those times when Baja-
let and Charlemagne, not knowing how to write their
names at the bottom of their imperial acts. dipped their
hands in ink or blood, and applied them with all their ar-
ticulations impressed upon the parchment. It was nut the
signature ; it was the hand itself of the hero thus fixed
eternally before the eyes,; and such were the pages of his
campaigns, dictated by Napoleon—the very soul of move-
ment, of action, and of combat.
• • •
This fame, which constituted his morality, his conscience,
and his principle, he merited, by his nature and his ta-
lents, from war and from glory; and lie has covered with it
the name of France. France, obliged to accept the odium
of his tyranny sad his crimes, shoitld also accept his glory
with a serious gratitude. She cannot separate her name
from his, without lessening it ; for it is equally incrusted
with his greatness as with his faults. She wished for
renown, and he has given it to her ; but what she prin-
cipally owes to him is the celebrity she has gained in the
wor.d.

- -
ouths, of the respective ages of eighteen and twenty
I runt and Millais), should in four years' time have
founded a school which in a measure deserves to rank
with that of Albert Darer; that that school has been
malevolently ill-treated, alike by the public, the
press, and the Royal Aeademv. The latter
venerable society Mr. Ruskin recommends
to endorse with their signature of approval the
panels of the P. It. Its. All modern art is then stig-
matized as being tainted with tho-gmssest depravity
of taste, which surpasses even that of the Renais-
sauce. Mr. Ruskin sees in modern art, as it were, an
arid desert, in which he now endeavours to set up
two land-marks, viz., John Everett Millais; and
Joseph Mullord Turner. Bowan these two
poles stand William Hunt, who paints still life;
Samuel Trout, of street architecture renown ; John
Lewis, the harem scene delineator ; and finally, Paul-
ready and Landseer. Whilst every one else had pre-
viously found in each of these a marked originality-,
Mr. Ruskin, on the contrary. discovers a secret link
which rivets them to the same self-taught principle.
In the concluding pages containing a catalogue rai-
*mai rtirlier'S latest drawings, 3lr. Ruskin treats
Turner, as he invariably does a dead master,
dwelling on the beauty of his imagery,
noting his pleasantest peculiarities, but especially'
pointing out to his young friends how different from
their toilsome elaboration is the splendid ease with
which the muster expresses his ideas, be they ever
so lofty. Here again, where most people would find •
a striking dissimilarity, Mr. Ruskin finds none; and'
he fearlessly asserts that " Pre-Raphaelitism" and
Raphaelitisin and Turnerism are all one and the
same, so fur as education can influence them.
As if quite unworthy to hold a place with the ju-
dicial form of criticism carried on throughout the
pamphlet, the refutation of the charges brought
against his young pupils are somewhat ignomi-
niously thrust into a foot-note. Seldom have we
seen a more lame or unsatisfactory defence
of undeniable assertions. These resolve them-
selves into three heads. The first relates
to tiro condemuation of reviving the errors of
early painters. With unworthy ingenuousness, Mr.
Ruskin satisfies himself that this cannot be the case,
inasmuch as Pre-Raphaelitism has nut the remotest
resemblance to the style of early Italian masters.
Without stopping here to inquire why such a pal-
pable misnomer was of all others selected by these
brethren of the brush, we will only say that by
earl• painters were probably meant, not either
Gentile-da-Fabriano or Pietro I'erugino, but rather
the Van Eyck family. With that set, ante-Hem-
lingers would have been at once a more euphonous
and a more correct appellation for the rising artistic
generation. The analogy between these borders
'on plagiarism. As every one knows, before the
invention of oil-painting, the only vehicle used
was egg-yolk and fig juice, which, under the
name of tempera, required slow methods and
hatching processes in finishing. Having ac-
quired this habit, it was introduced into oil-paint-
ing, though the necessity for it had ceased to exist ;
would it he believed that such a method could he re-
vived in the nineteenth century. Yet such is the case.
These worthy Flemish people introduced the portraits
of members of their family and friends, as well us
their strange costumes, into compositions of a sacred
character. This practice is once more preva-
lent amongst us. The old Flemish painters
pertinaciously persisted in surrounding their
personages with accessories which, however
marvellous in themselves, were ever an un-
pleasant substitute for other beauties, and told
damagingly against them. The same charac-
teristic is again noticeable of late amongst us.
Perfectly reckless as to whether the head stands
properly on its shoulders, or whether the limbs, if
any there be, dangle beneath the outer garment, the
sole intent is to bring down mice and missals, tad-
poles and toad-stools, to telescopic accuracy. In a
word,Pre-Itaphaelitism wants healthy southern ven-
tilation; in Umbria alone is to be found the reality
of which that is not even a shadow. Thus much we
have thought fit to protest, less against those who
might quietly work their way out of their defects,
than against erroneous notions tending to blind
them to their defects. Mr. Ruskin has shown satis-
factorily in his noble work on Venice, that ho
has gone deeper into the subject than any one before
him. Yet one lesson he seems not yet to have learnt
from its illustrious citizens, painters, or architects;
and that is that they ever allowed their works to
speak for themselves, and never drew sword but in
defence of their faction.

Ilullin yielded to the authority of the general, who had
the superior command of the castle, and arose mortified at
being deprived of the privilege of recommending a prisoner
to mercy, which is inherent in all tribunals and military
commissions. lie thought that Savary claimed this twirl-
lege for himself, and be complained to his colleagues of a
despotism which left the remorse more heavy on their coa-
-1 sciences. lie the-11 prepared to return with them to Paris.
Hard and Aufhrt preceded the duke in silence down the
steps of the narrow winding staircase, which descended to a
postern through the massy walls of this tower. The prince,
with an instinctive horror of the place, and of the depth
beneath the soil to which the steps were leading him, began
to think they were not conducting him before the judges,
hut into the hands of murderers, or to the gloom of a dun.
goon. Ile trembled in all his limbs and convulsively drew
back his loot, us he addressed his guides in front :—"Where
are you conducting me i" he demanded with a stifled voice.
" If it is to bury me alive iu a dungeon I would rather die
this instant."
" Sir," replied Hard, turning round, " follow me, and
summon up all your courage."
'the prince partly comprehended him, and followed.
'they ut length issued front the winding staircase
through • low postern which opened on the bot-
tom of the moat, and continued walking for some
tune in the dark, along the foot of the lofty
walls of the fortress, as far as the basement of the
Queen's Pavilion. When they had turned the angle of
this pavilion, which had concealed another part of the moat
behind its walls, the prince suddenly found himself in front
of the detachment of the troops drawn up to witness his
death. The firing party selected for the execution was
separated from the rest, and the barrels of their muskets
reflecting the dull light of some lanterns carried by a few
attendants, threw a sinister glare on the moat, the massywalk, add the newly slug grave. The prince stopped, at a
sign from his guides, within a few paces of the firing party.
Ile saw his fate at a glance ; but he neither trembled nor
turned pale. A slight and chilling rain was falling from a
gloomy sky, and a melancholy silence reigned throughout
the moat. Nothing disturbed the horror of the scene but
the whispering and shuffling feet of a few groups of
officers and soldiers who had collected upon the parapets
above, and on the drawbridge which led into the forest of
Vincennes.
Adjutant Pelle, who commanded the detachment, ad.
Talletd, with his eyes lowered, towards the prince.
lie held in his hand the sentence of the military Com-
mission, which he read in a low, dull voice, but per-
fectly intelligible. The prince listened without making
an observation or losing his firmness. Ile seemed to
have collecteil in an instant all his courage, and all the
military heroism of his racy, to show his enemies that
be know how to die. Two feelings alone seemed to occupy
him during the moment of intense silence which followed
the reading of his sentence ; one was to invoke the aid of
religion to soothe his last struggle, and the other to cont.
municate his dying thoughts to her he was going to leave
desolate on the earth.
lie .wcordingly asked if lac could have the assist-
ance of a priest, but there was none in the castle ;
and though a few minutes would suffice to call the
cure of Vincennes, they were too much pressed for
time, std too anxious to avail themselves of the
night, which was to cover everything. The officers
nearest to him made a sign that he must renounce this
consolation ; and one brutal fellow, from the midst of a
group, cane.: out, in a tone of irony,—" Do you wish then
to die like a Capuchin ?"
The prince raised his head with an air of indignation,
and turning towards the group of officers and gendarmes
who had accompanied him to the ground, he asked, in a
loud voice, if there was any one amongst them willing to
do him one last service. Lieutenant Noirot advanced
Irons the group, and approached him, thus sufficiently
evincing his iutention. The prince said a few words to
Idol in a low voice, and Nuirot, turning towards the side
occupied by the troops, said :—" Gendarmes, have
any of you got a pair of scissors about you ?"
The gendarmes searched their cartridge boxes, and a pair
of scissors was passed from hand to hand to the prince. Ile
took off his cap, cut off one of the locks of his hair, drew a
letter from his pocket, and a ring from his linger ; then
folding the hair, the letter, and the ring in a sheet of
paper, he gave the little packet, his sole inheritance, to
Lieut. Noirot, charging him, in the name of pity for his
situation and his death, to send them to the young Princess
Charlotte de ltohan, at Ettenheim.
This love message being thus confided, he collected
himself for a moment, with his hands joined, to
offer up a last prayer, and in a low voice recora-
meuded his soul to God. Ile then made five or six
paces, to place himself in front of the firing party,
whose loaded muskets he saw glimmering at a short
distance. The light of a large lantern, containing several
cantles, placed upon the little wall that stood over the open
grave, gleamed full upon him, and lighted the aim of the
soldiers. The firing party retired a few paces to a proper
distance, the adjutant gave the word to fire, and the young
prince, as if struck by a thunderbolt, fell upon the earth,
without a cry and without a struggle. At that moment the
cluck of the castle struck the hour of three.
Ilullin and his colleagues were waiting in the vestibule
of liarel's quarters fur their carriage to convey them back
to l'aris, and were talking with some bitterness of Savory's
refusal to transmit their letter to Lis master, when an un-
expected explosion, resounding from the moat of the forest
gate, made them start and tremble, and taught them that
judges should never reckon upon anything but justice and
their own conscience. This still small voice pursued them
through their lives. The Duke d'Enghien was no more.
Ills dog, which had followed him into the moat, yelled
when he saw him fall, and threw himself on the body of his
master. It was with difficulty the poor animal could be
turn away from the spot, and given to one of the prince's
servants, who took him to the Princess Charlotte—the only
messenger from that tomb where slept the hapless victim
whom she - ceased to 4

of opinion that judgment should he deterred until this wish
had been transmitted to Mahimison. One hour and a
stunted gendarme would suffice tor this; and death, if it
were necessary to pronounce it Ater, might still be indicted
before daybreak. The man who was supposed to la; iu
possession of the private wishes of the government, said that
this respite and this appeal to a direct communication with
Bonaparte did not seem to him to enter into the views of the
First Consul. T lee court, therefore, rejected the wish of
the prince, and deelamt thut he should be inunediately tried.
The oilier was opened, and he hound himself suddenly in
the presence of his judges. To fulfil the letter of the law,
which rendered a false appearance of publicity necessary,
the tribunal, which out in judgment at night, guarded
by a legion of gendarmerie, and under the roof of
a state prison, allowed a few officers and inhabitants
of the chateau to be present in the hall nod its
approaches. These spectators were deeply moved at
the youthfulness, the modesty, the firm dignity, and,
above all, the undaunted attitude of the prisoner; and the
last hour of the Duke d'Enghien was recorded iii their
memory to the honour of his race and the justice of
posterity.
The president Ilullin was a man of soldier-like stature
and physiognomy. • • •
lie addressed to the aceueed, one by one, the same ques-
tions
that had been put and re-plied to in the examination,
and the prince answered them with the same pre Cil4loll and
sincerity ; repelling, with houeet indignation, the bare sup-
position of his plotting against the life of the First Consul,
and of his participation with the conspirators ticorges,
Pichegru, and others. Ile revolted, with all the leftinem
of his soul, against a species of warfare which would give
victory the appearance of crime; and the euergy and sin-
cerity of his manner carried conviction to the hearts of his
hearers, as did the evidence to their minds.
" But nevertheless, sir," said Ilullin to him, " how will
you persuade us that you were so completely ignorant, as
you bay you were, of what was passing in France, when the
whole world was informed thereof; and that with your
rank and birth, of which you take so much CAM to remind
us, you ran have remained indifferent to events of such
weighty importance, and the results of which must have
been to your advantage ? By the way in which you answer
us, you appear to misapprehend your position. Take care;
this may become serious, and military commissions judge
without appeal."
Were these words prompted by the impatience of the
juege seeking the pretext of an avowal to appease cola-
science ? or were they a warning to the accused to change
his mode of defence, and appeal, not to justice, but to
mercy ? as Ilullin has since pretended, but which nothing
then revealed. The trial by nieht, the hurry of the pros
eel:dings, the neglect of formalities, the sham publicity, the
number uud aspect of the troops under arms, and the hints
of Salary not to insist on an inters new with the First
Consul, sufficiently indicated a predetermination of speedy
and irrevocable execution. 't he prince, by confessing any
imaginary conspiracy, would have violated both his truth
and his innocence without gaining a single hour of life
' from those already numbered at Melinidom.
With hit hands over his eyes, he meditated for a moment,
no doubt, on what had been demanded of him ; and then
said—" 1 can only, sir, repeat to you what I have already
said. Hearing that war had been dechired, I applied for a
commission to serve in the armies of England. The Eng-
lish government reinied that they could not give One; but
• that I should remain ou the bunks of the Rhine, where I
should very soon have a part to play, and I waited accord-
ingly. This, sir, is all that I can tell you."
Ruffin relates that the judges several times endeavoured
indirectly to make the accused deviate from this course of
sincerity, which, recording to them, prevented their
absolvirfg him, and to lead him into confessions
or perversions of the truth and excuses to which
he -would not have recourse. " I perceive, with
feelings of gratitude," said the prince, who was sensible
of these indicatious of clemency, " the honourable in-
tentioas of the members of the commission ; hot I cannot
make use of the means which they mein to offer me. las
aware of my danger, but will not avoid it by any unworthy
subterfuge. I only request an interview with the First Con-
sal." This terminated the defence.
Ilullin then ordered the accused to be withdrawn, and
Salary, the officers of the legion of gendarmerie and of the
line, and the spectators alee retired to allow the judges to
&liberal: in silence and secrecy. Their deliberation lasted;
no longer than was requireel by decency to give the judges
an appearance of haling reflected, when with a U11:111iM1.11%
voice, they pronouner d him guilty, awarded the penalty,
and condemned him to death.
" Let it go firth," said the president of this tribunal, " to
the times in which we live, that, lieving been appointed
judges, we have been compelled to give judgment under the
penalty of being judged ourselves !"
They forgot, however, that they could not he judges with-
, out a culprit, and that he who was brought before them was
not amenable to their tribunal, but was an exile dragged
before his enemies with the bayonet at his throat. They
I also forgot that they would indeed be judged by the equity
of the world, hy their own conscience, and by the Almighty.
The prince hail had no advocate. llulliu laid the Menne
of thus depriving the accused of an advocate, which
was allowed him by all civilised laws, to the negligence of
the judge-advocate d'Autencourt ; and not one of the judges
had reminded the president of this duty. The prince either
disdained to ask fur one, or did not know that the law
allowed him to have one.
As soon as the judgment was pronounced, and even be-
fore it was drawn up, Hain sent to inform Salary and else
judge advocate of the sentence of death, in ureter that they
might take their measures for its eleeution. It seemed as
if the time was equally pressing to the tribunal as to those'
who awaited their decision, and as if an invisible genius
was hurrying along the acts, formalities, and hour., in
order that the morning's sun might nut a itness the deeds
of the night. Ilullin and his colleagues remained in the
ball of council, and drew sip at random the judgment they
had just given; and this short and unskilfully prepared
document (summing up a whole examination in two ques-
tions and two answers) terminated with the order to execute
the sentence forthwith.

This celebrity, which will distend to posterity, and which
is improperly called glory, constituted his means and his
end. Let him therefore enjoy it. The noise he has Made
I will resound through distant ages ; but let it not pervert
posterity, or falsify the judgment of mankind. This man,
one of the greatest creations of tiod, applied himself with
greater power than any other man ever possessed, to aecu-
I mutate, therefrom, on his route, resolutions and ameliora-
tions of the human mind, as if to check the march of
ideas, and make all received truths retrace their steps. But
time has overleaped him, and truths and ideas have re-
awned their ordinary current. He is admired as a soldier
he is measured as a sovereign; he is judged as a lounder of
nations; great in action, little in idea, nothing in virtue—
, such is the man!
' -

TUE CRYSTAL PALACE Ai A WINTER GARDEN.—
The enterprising proprietors of the Indian Overland
Diorama have superadded to their former attrac-
tion a view of the Crystal Palace as a winter prome-
nade. We can characterise the novel suggestions
therein contained as graceful and suitable, but a
trifle too grandiose to be realisable. The clever ar-
tists of the 'raj-Melia' seem to have improved
on that design, and to have enlarged the tank
i of the Eastern Palace to the dimensions of a
Venetian canal, spanned by Itialto-like bridges. The
I roof of the nave is partially swelled out into the form '
I of a dome, and exotics of all kinds contrast with the'
rows of pillars. The scene is represented almost as;
one of the best of fairy land ; the sparkling water is;
pleasant to the eye at the present temperature of the
Crustal Palace, but we shudder at the forethought of I
the same pool with the thermometer at frost. The
present illustrators of the Palace attempt to banish
is
all but the most pleasant notions, such the repre-
sentation of the view by gas-light, which was inge-
niously introduced by twilight effects.
THE MODEL OF WATERLOO AT TIIE UNITED
SERVICE Inarruvuxv.—This reduced scale of the
battle field is once more re-opened for the instruction
of the London public, after being temporarily trans-
ferred, we believe, across the Irish Channel. With
most people probably' the first sight of this model
is associated in the mind with the time in
:which Robinson Crusoe was perused for the first

PONAPARTE IN EGYPT.
The heads of the Revolution, cnibarrassed by his pre-
sence, sent loin to Egypt, there to conquer or to die. Here
we see another continent, another man, but still the same
want of conscience. He announced himself as the regene-
rator of the East, whe brought with him all the blessings
of European liberty. At first he tried to persuade the peo-
ple to allow themselves to be conquered. Mshometan fano- '
tieisin was an obstacle to his dominion. Instead of combat-
ting that faith, he simulated belief in it, declared for Ma-
hornet, and denounced the superstitions of Europe. He
made religion the medium of his policy and his conquests.
The negotiator, who hail bowed before the Pope at Milan,
now bent his knee to the Prophet, at Cairo. Distance
gives an illusory effect to exploits against an enervated race
—exploits exaggerated by lame, but which remind one of '
the poetry of the Crusade. All ho there thought of was!
to imitate Alemsder and to gain his renown. No sooner,
however, slid he receive the first check at St. Jean d'Acre,
than he at once abandoned all thoughts of conquest, em-
pire, and Asiatic dreams, and left his army, without being
recruited, and without the power of capitulating as best it
could. He put himself on board a swift-sailing vessel, and
quitting the imaginary, earns where all was reality. Hal
preceded the rumours of his revenge, sad took the popu-
be feeling by surprise. He glasselhardand on the Repub-
be, and soon saw that the doe of enarehieal danger had
Wover • that lb pewees two to bo regularly mai,
U** trays, coomooded by Ida rirah2 were tri=
oat t.tbottbs doeserede prenotedt, bouizr.
oat as deer a Defeo woad opea beim% If to is-
dosade dboode dee Ida of a seldiee. 1111184
Ice essogaredeoldost dot or/ goneemiat oblebbedobril
We arm kw its deboor. To spin edemas he *OM eles• '

whom never deplore. -
They placed him, dressed as he was, in the grave dug
under the wall ; and they buried hint with his money, his
watch. bit rings, his trinkets, and a chain that he wore
round his neck. They took nothing front the pocket of his
coat but the diary of his journey, which Ilulhn put under
cover, and addressed to Real for the First Consul.
This edition of Lamartinc's new history has been
brought out in English with his direct cooperation,
and the protecting power of the British law hal;
been invoked for it. It is well that the illustrious
author should be thus guarded against pirates, The
work is brought out in convenient size, with a beau-
tiful type, and well sustains the proverbial reputa-
tion of its publishers.

With terrible but righteous sternness does M. de
Lamartine denounce the murderer of the last of the
Condos. The transactions of that dark and horrid
night which saw the Duke d'Enghien suddenly and
foully destroyed, are recounted with great power
and feeling.

THE EXECUTII

SUMMONS.
While these hasty preparations for the death of the Duke
d'Enghien were making at Malmaison, at Pan., and so
near him at Vincennes' the prisoner had gone to bed with
the fullest confidence, and was enjoying the profound sleep
of weariness, of youth, and of innocence, by the side of his
judges, who w re already seated to condemn him. Savory
i Mid posted n his anti-chamber a lieutenant and two gen-
darmes d'elitc ; and he sent them an order to bring their
prisoner before the council, assembled in the chamber of
the commandant of the chateau.
It was eleven o'clock at night when the lieutenant
Noirot and the two gendarmes, Thesis and Ursa, entered
theroom where the young prince was asleep. These men
had tender hearts ander the rude uniform of their profes-
isn and they have since avowed how much it cost them to
Interrupt thus, by the summons of death, the only hap-
piness which • captive can taste, and how gladly they
world have prolonged, st least for some minutes, the repose
et the dreams of the prince, who was a soldier like them-
selves. Bat the tribunal and Savory were waiting.
They awoke the prince without precipitation, and with-
; out harshness et word or gesture, and ha could perceive
pity in their eyes and in their scents. He dressed himself

Savary bad not waited for this order to be written before
he prepared for its execution, and had already marked out
the spot. The court and the esplanade being encumbered I
with troops, by the presence of the brigade of infantry, and
the legion of gendarmes d'Oite, no safe place could be found
there in which the fire of a platoon did not run the risk of
striking a soldier or a spectator. No doubt it was also
feared that too great publicity would thus be given to the
murder in the midst of an army; that the scene of the eae-
ention was too far distant from the place of sepulture ; and
that fcolinp of pity and horror would pervade the ranks at
the sight of this young man's mangled corpse. The moat'
of the chateau, however, offered the means of avoiding all
these'dangers, as it would conceal the murder as well as
the victim. This place was accordingly chosen.
Harel received orders to give up the keys of the steps and
iron gateways, which descended from the torrent, and
Opened on the foundations of the chateau, to point out the
different outlets and sites, and to procure a gravedigger to
commence digging a grave while the man for whom tt was
ittended still breathed. A 'poor working gardener of the
ehltetia, named /3onternyfe, was awakened, and 'his work
pointed out to him. He was furnished with a lustiest to
guide him through the labyrinth of the moat, sad light

TUE AstwurrY TAX.—A special meeting of the
presbytery of Edinburgh was held on Tuesday to consider
the proposal of the select committee of the House of C4=-
17141114 for the commutation of the annuity tax, when the
reverend body were all but unanimous in condemning the
same, and have resolved that it shall, " by all constitutional
' means, be reelsted."--Catedonian Mercury.
NAILS TO HONDURAS AND GUATEMALA.—In COD-
NoTtßoorwtheant ratm *c°AcmplainmOdwattenhhsve betweenbeeta urged
try and some portions of Central America, a mail packet
has been ordered to run between Honduras and Guatemala.
Correspondence from this country will, In consequence,
react the Guatemala territory 111 about area weeks.

time. The veteran pensioner, we recollect, used to
point out the memorable spots on that mimic field,
and relate the marvels of that day, with the simple
earnestness which 1k• Foe has given to his hero. he
model has evidently been brushed up for the occa-
s:on. The fire is kept up nloag the entire range
with much the same briskness as of yore. There
will be found La Belle Alliance, La -Hoye Sainte,
Hougoumont —every feature, in fact, of that memo-
rable scene. On one point alone do wo entertain a
faint scruple; it is whether the re-appearance of the
model is either well-timed or complimentary to the in-
numerable foreigners whom we have welcomed over.
TILE FIRST 1W MAY, 1851, BY WINTERIIALTER.
—Winterhalter, whose pencil is mainly dedicated to
courtly chronicles and countenances, has just com-
pleted another of his numerous royal family groups.
Both the subject and the nature of its treatment will
doubtless soon become the property of the engraver.
As the surer honours of the copyist are, however,
necessarily slow, a few characteristic features
may as well be briefly forestalled in description.
Though the artist has not selected the brilliant in-
auguration of the international festival for his theme,
he has illustrated an incident, which is not altogether
unconnected with that memorable event, and is only
second to it in interest. It represents the Duke of
Wellington in the act of offering an affectionate
sourenir to his little godson Prince Arthur,
on the occasion of his first birthday an-
niversary. Thus whilst the most skilful designers
of architecture, the neatest delineators of costume,
and the most dexterous draughtsmen of perspective,
are striving to perpetuate the gorgeous spectacle of
the Ist of May, Mr. Winterhalter makes one assist
at the graceful finale of that grand spectacle. The
I Queen, Prince Albert, and the venerable bake of
' Wellington, are, of course, represented attired as
they were gazed at by those who thronged the Crys-
tal Palace, a view of which is discernible in the dis-
tance. As if to place the date beyond all cavil, the
May-lily is prettily introduced. l'he composition is
'imaged very satisfactorily, though in a way seldom
indulged in since the days of Vandyke; that is, the
figures are life-size, though they only spring from
the canvas from mid-limb. Hereafter people will
thus be enabled to gaze on the bright effigies of
Queen Victoria, with much the same pleasure as one
likes to dwell on the images of the first Charles at
Windsor.

MARIE AN TOTS ETC E, BY PAUL DELAROCIIE.--•
RUMOUr speaks highly of this last production from
the easel of the gifted French painter. Mr. Dela-
rocheTM now to have turned his mind to treat of
the dramatic scenes of his own country, after long
showing his partiality fur the tragical occurrences of
our own annals. His present picture seems to have
been maiuly inspired by a leaf from M. de Lamar-
tine's Girondists. Indeed, strange as it may seem,
the scenes of the French revolution, which arc so
graphically depicted by the French Macaulay, have
not as yet been resorted to, except liar the purpose of
caricature. The noble figure of Marie Antoinette
seems to have till now waited for an artistic inter-
preter. M. I klarouhe bus represented the unfortu-
nate " Aril richienite" tk the stairs of the
terrible tribunal which pronounced her death sen-
tence. She is attired in black, with a white scarf
round her shoulders. A singular but striking effect,
which the painter has rendered with habitual Mi-
r city, is the altered colour of her hair, which is said to
have turned white. 'the artist has shown the altera-
tion by a few stray auburn locks, blanched at the
root. In the background is represented the exerrat,
• ing mob which greeted the unfortunate "widow
Caput" on the morning of the lath October, 1791

CLERICAL.