The Express.
London, England, 1849-11-16 00:00:00

THE ORDNANCE SURVEY OF THE UNITED

KINODOII.
[From the Seereowan.)
The whole of England and Wales, with the exception of
the six northers counties, has been surveyed, and the maps
published, on a seals of one inch to a mile. This scale,
however, was found to be too limited and defective to be of
value for kcal engineering purposes and for the improve-
ment of the coantey generally ; and the remainder of the
survey was accordingly ordered to be finished on a scale of
six beck's to a mile as regards the country ; but, as regards
towns, they were to be laid down upon a seals of five feet to
a mile in all cases where the number of inhabitants amounted
to four thousvnd. The six aorthera counties of England,
namely, Lancubire, Yorkshire, Northumberland, Dur-
ham, Cumberland. and Westmoreland, have all
fallen to be surveyed on this larger seals ; and
already the whole of Lanes-hire, and five-eighths
of Yorkshire have been completed. The ex-
pense of the one-inch seals as compared with the siz inch
scale, is represented to be as one to four. It will consequently
take tour times as long to execute the survey with the grant
continued at the rate it now is of 60,0001. • year ; the delay
er acceleration of work being altogether • question of
money.
The y was still further improved by the introduction
of tont or lines, showing the relative altitude of every por-
tion of the surface of the country ; so that • scientifio persist,
mending to the testimony of Captain Yolland, might Icy
mat drains without being et the trouble or expense of an
entetal y. In town', contour altitudes will be of gnat
value in insoliug sanitary improvements to be carried oat.
Then altitudes are shown along the centre of the streets, and
by cutting what are called" bench marks" on buildings a
foot or two from the news' of the ground. These " bench
make" will enable a civil encineer, who intends to lay out'
a drain from one point to another, to get at ones the relative
latitude between the two points ; and thus, with certainty,
determine the gradient of the drain or sewer which be pure
poses to make. Snob a survey, it is stated, will be quit* ems-
- for all sewerage purposes.
The .outtern portion of Reeved, which has been surveyed
see /ding to the smaller seals of one inch to a mile, and
wishes% the benefit of ecotone lines, will, it is thought, have
te be all done over again, with the exception of the primary
teleocultritm ; , for the great purposes of town sewerage
Mg lin as,
it is declared to be of no use whatever.
La the earvey of these southern counties oast about 400,0001,
all this messy will consequently have been expended un-
beely ; and the only excuse that can be offered for it iv,
that the purposes of drainage and sewerage are entirely
sow. end wen not foreseen at the time that the survey was
sadigtaken." To give the whole of England the benefit
whisk the six northern counties will omens, will require, it is
sideslated, a sum of not lees than 1,600,0001. Then, if we
WOW* account that a further sum of 235,0001. will be
messemey to finish the survey now going on of them sic
modem ormuties, and if we add the 702,0001. which has
been expended from the commencement in 1791 up to the
pentratt time, we will have, as the total expenditure reqeiaite
In make the survey of lineland uniform and complete,
surveyed, lf, however, the southern counties ars not re
the 'speediest* will only bs about a million.
Tb aa yof Ireland is more advanced than that of
England; indeed, it may be said to have been finished, sal
ail that remains to be done is the revision of some of the
anthers counties which bad been surveyed, drawee, and en-
graved, by " toe:islands" instead of by " fields"—• plan
which was abandoned, after having bean found to be luso&
dent for the purposes of valuation. No estimate has been
suede of the amount that will be necessary to finish this
nobles, but Colonel Hell states that it will probably
@semi to 85,0001. or 90,0001., and that at present a sum of
!MK a• ear is appropriated towards that purpose. The
survey is aU executed on the enlarged scale, bat only a
sea & portion of it has been done with contour lie, chewing
the physical relief or configuration of the (sunny. To gm
1 the whole of that country the benefit of this modern int.
provement in surveying, will take, it is calculated, 120,0001;
and Captain Yolland states that, up to the present time, the
expenditure on this account her been only about 6,0001.
The survey of Ireland will, therefore, when completed in
the way it is now intended to be done, have cost • sem of
not less than a milieu of money ; while the original estimate
was only 300,0001.
We now come to the details, brought.out in evidence, re-
garding the survey in Scotland ; and the fiat point we have
to notice is Col. Hall's distinct declaration, twice repeated,
in answer to questions from Sir James Graham. that the
whole of Seodand will enjoy the benefit of the improved large
scale." This annonceement is meet satisfactory; end will
put an end to the feast, expremed, some time sines, at the
meetings of various public bodies throughout the country,
that it was the intention of the authorities is the Ordnance
department to reduce the male for Scotland to throe inches
to smile.
It appears that the general survey of the couatry ocet-
ducted by four companies of sappers and intro% enotrating
of 415 non-oommissiosed oScsie and mos, besides neatly
double that number of civilians. The present tees of
60,0001. a-year does not absorb all the strength tied (sold
be pat upset the envies • but Colonel Hall lad *idea that,
if the vote wore iscreasid to 100,0001. a-year, it would do so
for man time to come. The force employed is emtriection
with the survey of Scotland, in June leer, to have
amounted to 257. Of than 30 were mu to the head-
quarters' ogee at Southaniptos, in =Able sompatations
sod migeoviop ; 16 in executing the miemeibsy amd minor
triangolotios, sad I. levelling ; and 212 the six-inch
imie and plan drawing of lirkwad and the
of Lewis.

TEE WBal.ET•lf CorlPEßENCE—Bixtrfour offioe
bearers of the Beth 'beak, on • essmorlal to the President
of the Cosh:eats, have embodied a seeks ot.apsaotMna foe
the Walt of ekat they ceesider evils la die resent work-
ing of Wesley= metkodiem. They fins Mate "We
believe the time has strived *tot a chaste should be said.
la the mode of oondurtiag the business et the Coaknam,
sad that the following seggeetiess might be adopted withmt
compromiabig the dirge, se chareater of the Conference—
nenkly, seeds*, lay members from molt district, sod
by the samba= et aseemilted repartees kw at teat two of
the religiose germ et the day." They these *noise:ter-
ries, NMI 114011111011 Si lioeltiag the amber of ere
Woad* the Oeshamet ;of greater sommay the ex-
lasered at the liksicen-hrese ; the employment of
r:;a188:11 and aid Nibbles to the elks of storks, ho. ; sad
comossat *pea the ezgaleke, " without • fair trial," of
Mee". Everett, Duna, and m • Nakao of greet

severity.
FATAL ACCIDENT IN DESCENDING A COLLIERY,
—de inquest wee held on Teeedsy evening, before Charles
Collins, Seq., wens, ea the body of Willha oaite, aged
16 years, sea ef Thasies Jose% ullier, of Cae Brute, Swan-
sea. It appeased that on Moeda, moraine the deemed, a
blaskualtb- was dessmileis the ifyaydd Neerld Colliery
for the prisms of albeit., a payer steeling which the
cakes usually held wader ground fatly evert ibilies7
While gibe 110112 a whale' ladder by what/
tre traKikessed, aril whin sheet 40 yards frost the bot-
tou of the pit, the enfortseate lad, by some 1114•011, slipped
his hold, and was precipitated to the bottom. Whea puked
ap life was satinet, the doomed having :sestained eateasive
injuries oa the head and ether parts of the body. It is
somewhat 'larder that In Wag be did not cease is con-
test with bull/sr whe was below hip on the bidder. It
was &taped at the insist this was the third child which
. deceased's father had lost by sodden's. verdict— " heal-
dental death."
TEM WEATHER—It blew tremendously from the
If .W. at Liverpool throaphost Wednesday night sad
Thursday stag, bat happily so causally has bow re-
' pedal.