The Express.
London, England, 1847-05-13 00:00:00

MAILS.

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lilertednme MAI foe Oftwellsa Nallm.warm the lonian blonds,
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sarttio mob the matelskotblie 1S May.
no oedema shoed math, Ws Manalia, to *be. Medlterreseen,
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The he New South Wake, Tan Diemen'. land, end N.
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Masi lbr tbs Beata* the atm Pb... Monte Video, Penman-
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TO CORRESPONDENTS.
•.• Abortionists latiedid br Express, London evenly paper,
oast be et tbi Ms by Two o'clock on the day of publican=

man WATER AT LONDON-BRIEOI.
TAB D..—Mornbig, 30 Ada pot o; Aftirpote, Si mis. pit 0.
To-liososp —Mormieg, St 01W put 1; Afternoon, 44 in. past 1.

LONDON, THURSDAY, MAY 13.
AT the morning sitting of the House of Commons,
yesterday, the Pious and Charitable Trusts Bill was,
on a division on the question of the second reading,
rejected by a majority of 146 ; the numbers being 20
to 166.—Mr. PUSEY withdrew the Agricultural Te-
nant Right Bill.—On the question of bringing tip the
report on Mr. Sharman Crawford's Poor Rates (Ire-
land) Bill, the house divided, when the motion was
negatived by a majority of 26 ; the numbers being
,81 to 55.—The second reading of Sir C. Napiers
Seamen's Enlistment Bill wee negatived without a
division.—Mr. SrooNen withdrew the Seduction and
Prostitution Prevention Bill, with the intention of
bringing in an amended one, providing that offending
parties should not be subject to summary jurisdiction,
but be indictable for misdemeanor in a court of law.
—On the question of the committal of the Health of
Towns Bill, the house divided, when, forty members
not being present, an adjournment necerserily ensued.

IT is certainly very ominous for M. GUIZOT, the
unexpected difficulty which he found of completing
his ministry, after the three forced vacancies of his
own creation. The difficulty was unexpected, else it
would not have been created or forced. And it
proves that the French minister has a much higher
idea of his own power and solidity than the Parisian
public entertain. There is, however, a certain atmos-
phere of opinion which is peculiarly confined to the
capital. No Parisian dare ran counter to this opinion ;
nor, indeed, dare any Frenchman rebel against the
received opinion of the Parisians, once it be fully de-
clared and universally known. But M. GUIZOT
reached beyond its influence by means of the tele-
graph, and its long arms have enabled him to com-
plete his ministry with a celerity and satisfactory
choice, which was evidently denied in Paris.
We see no reason for joining in the wondrous in-
dignation of the French press at M. Guizor's getting
rid of three very incapable colleagues. One of the
good principles of M. Gutzon and his school is, that
they deprecate and dislike the employment of medio-
crities and red tapiats. They would wish to govern
by talent and by, the capadas. But these views
neither suit the King, nor the bureaucratie, nor the
Bouts party. The King wanted an easy Finance
Minister, who would not quarrel with the demands of
his civil list, would not insist on paying off the Five-
per-Cents, would not, in fact, be too honest, too
economical, too patriotic. France has had two able
finance ministers, HUMANN and PABST, and the King
was always quarrelling with both. M. LACAVE-
LAPLAONE, on the contrary, suited his Majesty. He
was a good, easy, pliant man, not capable of setting
tie Seine on fire, and endowed with all the qualities
of a courtier and a king's friend. The French public
and chambers, however, require a very different sort
of finance minister, and M. GUIZOT iS, it seems,
resolved to satisfy them by putting his own friend,
DUMON, into the. place. It is easy thus to conceive
the ream= why M. LACAVE-LAPLAGNIE considers him-
self aggrieved, and why he looked to the court to
support and avenge him against M. GUIZOT. For
the interests of the nation, M. LACAVE-LAPLAGNE
has been wisely got rid of.
The War-office was another department, necessarily '
filled by &mediocrity, because Marshal SOULT insisted
on interfering and preserving influence there. Sr.
YON was a creature of the Marshal's; and neither
General SCHRAM nor the Marquis DE LAPLACE would
consent to take it, because they should be subordinate
to SOULT'S dotage and SOULT'S temper. TREZEL is
a good choice. The general's expenence in Africa
will enable him to control Marshal BUGEAUD'a irre-
sponsible rule in Africa, which poor Sr. You dare not
attempt. This change, therefore, is also much for
the better. The chief surprise is to know how SOULT
rid be got to agree to it.
The ministry of marine concerns us more than
dry other French department. Not that Englishmen
or politicians can pretend to limit the French naval
foree, or to require a minister who would neglect
or depreciate it But there is a great deal in
the toner the nature
.of appointments, and the
tenor 4,mM:ructions given by the French marine
minister, to soften the keen animosity towards
England, and thus prevent collisions and mis-
understandings. Admiral Mscluu was a man
unbitten by the Anglophobia of so many of his
countrymen, but, at the same time, lazy and inca-
pable.
The post was offered to Count BRESSON, but
the king made him refuse. It would have been
like pitting against Lord AUCKLAND and the British
navy the man who had triumphed over English in-
terests in Spain, and in no very scrupulous way. Be-
sides, Count BRESSON looks to the Foreign-office in
the next ministry. The Due de MONTEBELLO will
probably not accept the Marine ministry, or, if he does,
will do so with great reluctance, Naples being the
most lucrative and agreeable of diplomatic posts.
But should he accept, here will be every reason for
congratulation. Son of a French hero, and married to
an Englishwoman, the duke has claims to the confi-
dence of both countries, and possesses a high character
for general ability. His acceptance, kowerer, is pro-
blematical, but the nominal appointment
. will offer
M. GUTZOT time to look about him.
The interesting point of consideration is, however,
not what colleagues M. Omar shall choose, but
what hold he himself has of office. Notwithstanding
the hesitation of notabilities to join him, or to wor-
ship what they evidently look upon as a setting sun,
M. Ovum has evidently still a large share of poll
tical vitality. His very determination to get rid of
three important colleagues, and his success, shows
that he is, what no French minister yet has been,
uncontrolled master of court and cabinet The re-
luctance to join him indeed may proceed from the
belief, that in this very act he thwarts the King.
Bat the King has more need than ever of a minister,
like Gutzon, to carry through the affair of the Spanish
succession ; nor tan it be his Majesty's interest to
part with him.
With the public, as well as with court and cabinet,
M. Omar has certainly gained strength by his an-
scrupulous Spanish trium and his anti-English atti-
tude. His formidable an increasing body of enemies
are to be found amongst his brother politicians—the
eminent leaders in the chamber, men who aspire to
office. All these' many of them hidden in the ranks of
the ministerialists, look on M. Ginzcrr's ascendancy
with envy, watch every false step that he makes, to
I trip him, and every crevice of his armour to stick
their dagger in. We prove ourselves every day to
be no blind fauteurs of M. GUIZOT. We cannot but
admire, however, the ability and dexterity of his
single-handed struggle against such numerous foes
and such formidable rivals. Of the present aspect of
his policy, and his singular attitude towards England,
we shall take another opportunity of treating.

THE Bishop of LONDON is one of those men who,
for the very love of peace, takes naturally to oontro-
versy, to tun BUTLER'S illustration, " like fishes in
India that are said to bavo worms in their heads, and
swim always against the stream." In his anxiety to
keep out of hot water he is always getting into it. In
his care to avoid a difficulty, invisible to every one
else, he breaks his shins over an obstacle apparent to
all the world except himself. He is like the Greek

philosopher, who, while gating at the stars, fell into
a well.

Nothing can equal his dexterity in getting into a
mess, except his awkwardness in getting out of it.
His public life has been a series of scrapes, in all of
which he has displayed, as everybody admits,
"wonderful talents for business." He adopts an
opinion, ss bumpkins buy a coat, just as the fashion of
it is going out, and suddenly finds himself put to des-
perate shifts of ingenuity to alter its cut and trim-
mings to what he sees other people wearing. The
moment he appears as • mediator you may prophesy
universal confusion. His doses of doctrine act like
FAUST% devilish wine, which at first makes the com-
pany very jolly, but soon sets them quar-
relling with each other, and cutting off their own
noses. His interference between high and low church-
men, in order
To unite them and their different maggots,
As long and short stacks are in faggots.,
_ _ .

ended in his disgusting both. The most perfect type
of his whole theory of life and doctrine is to be found
in that immortal direction of his to the disturbed
rector, on the great candle question, " that he had
better have candles on the communion-table, but not
light them."
Tuesday night exhibited him in his favourite element
of hot water, in the House of Lords. He was fairly
and fast hooked by Lord MONTEAGLE, and floundered
about in his attempts to extricate himself, in a manner
somewhat unbecoming the dignity of the episcopal
character.

The Rev. Dr. THORPE was the proprietor and
minister of a chapel near Belgrave•square, where he
had served for more than 13 years. In 1846, the rev.
gentleman, being about to leave England for a few
months, appointed an assistant curate, and communi-
cated, although not legally bound to do so, his name,
qualifications, and testimonials to the Bishop of Lots-
Dori. The bishop replitd to this communication,
"If Mr. (the curate), who I suppose is an
Irish clergyman, has been licensed to officiate
in an English diocese, I shall be ready to ad-
mit him into mine ; but if not, I shall be under
the necessity of declining to do so." These are
in substance the facts of Dr. THORPE'S petition pre-
suited by Lord MONTEAOLE. They amount to an
episcopal declaration that no Irish clergyman shall
obtain his clerical settlement, so to speak, in the dio-
oess of London. lie may be passed thither; but he
must first submit to a sort of clerical quarantine in
another bishopric, very much as the Irish paupers
are forced to do preliminary penance in the Liverpool
lazaretto. The latter hare confessedly something to get
rid of. But it is hard to say what taint hangs
about the Irish clergyman which requires this purifi-
catory process, peculiar to Dr. BLOMFIELD. Remem-
bering the title of the United Church of Great Bri-
tain and Ireland ; bethinking one's-self of the praises
which the bench of bishops has so often lavished on
the Irish protestant clergy ; calling to mind the names
rasa and
frhliecitlerrgE;.msve,nan,
odneSwfeeirrls ,alrialunenuaturai
cuborrino.,
asof Uwseilll
sity to learn the grounds of this hard sentence of
diocesan excommunication. Now, certainly, a speech
of the Bishop of LONDON'S is not by any means the
place to which one would go to look for reasons, in
ordinary cases. But here we have no other resource.
If the bishop cannot give a reason, nobody can.
The bishop begins by praishig the Irish clergy. This
makes one suspect he has just passed a slight upon the
whole body. He tells us that this is not a new regu-
lation : it has been in force for 23 years. That is,
the Bishop of LONDON has not lately begun insulting
the sister church, but has been insulting it ever so
long. This does not much mend matters. We want
to know why he refuses to license Irish clergymen ;
not how long he has been refusing to do so. If a
man is tried for beating his wife, it would not be
considered a good defence in law that he had been in
the habit of beating her just as brutally for twenty
years past.
But the reason is coming. When Dr. C. J. BLoM-
FIELD was Bishop of Chester, he found it necessary,
he says, to discourage the influx of Irish clergy into
his diocese—first, because he thought that Irish cler-
gymen should stay at home, and live by the Irish
church; and, secondly, because, considering the low
I standard of education at Trinity College, Dublin,
twenty-three years ago, it was hard to displace or
stop the way of Oxonians and Cantabs for the immi-
grant curates from Trinity College, Dublin.
As to the first of these remarkable reasons, we
would respectfully ask if ever there was any com-
plaint from Ireland of a short supply of raw pro-
testant-clerical material ? Could the Irish church,
like the Irish land, employ more labourers on it to a
profit? If so, we are not aware of the fact. We had
always thought there were quite as many protestant
clergymen in Ireland as were wanted there.
In fact, it has sometimes been hinted that there were
more such clergymen than could find congregations.
If this be so, this restrictive measure of Dr. BLOM-
FIELD'S could only act to stop the production of that
peculiar article, the Irish clergyman, and by no means
operate to the bettering or enlarging of that somewhat
barren field of labour, the Irish Protestant church.
Again, as to the second reason, we cannot quite see
how the low standard of education at Dublin Univer-
sity in 1820 should operate to exclude Mr. —,the
proposed curate of Dr. THORPE, in 1846. Dr. Btom-
FIELD declares that the standard of such education is
now raised. Then why is not the interdict, founded
on the lowness of the standard, taken off before this ?
Why is the effect left, when the cause is removed?
Isjt that Dr. BLOMPIELD loves to contemplate causes
of dead effects, and effects of dead causes, and to main-
tain that dead cause and dead effect are still in full
vitality ? Or is it that there are other reasons at the
bottom of this exclusion which the Bishop of Lots-
' Dos is afraid, for the fear of odium, or
ashamed, for the credit of the church, to avow
honestly and manfully ? Either he has other reasons
or he has no reasons. We do not mean to say that
the inference in favour of the former conclusion is in-
evitable. Some men can get on very well with-
out reasons. Some even feel happier in such a
state of logical destitution. We would by no means
contend that good, sound, and sufficient reasons for
what he does are at all indispensable to the comfort of
the Bishop of LONDON.
But the characteristic clause of the speech comes
after these " most exquisite reasons:"
" The mile neither had been nor was intended to be
rigidly adhered to, and at this moment in his diocese there
were!mi!! as many Irish clergymen, ordained in Ireland, as
Brehm you, there was nothing in it ! I made the
rule, but I didn't stick to it. Why ask my reasons
then for making a rule, which I don't keep, and never
did keep ? This will remind legal readers of the
kettle pleas under the old rules : the first,
pleading
that defendant never had the kettle • thel.seeooinnt
that he had returned it to plaintiff ; the third, that
there never was a kettle ; the fourth, that plaintiff
gave him leave to keep the kettle ; and so on, ad in-
finitum.
So the bishop pleads, first, he has good reasons for
the exclusion ; secondly, that he does not exclude.
The pleas are inconsistent. They have, indeed,
that peculiar inconsistency which deserves a name of
its own, and a chapter to itself in the next edition of
Whately's Logic, as the " Blornieldian Sophism," by
which you argue that a bad law is not bad because
you break it.
Then how beautifully the bishop carries oat in
practice the doctrine involved in this formula! This
excluded curate of Dr. Tnottres calls upon the
bishop, who has refused to license him. The bishop tells
him " he may officiate during Dr. THORPE'S absence;"
i. e., he will not license him as curate, but he will let
him do curate's duty. Or, he will give him another
curacy, thus inflicting on some less favoured district
the danger he so carefully wards off from Belgravia
manSthuereulwynlhthisigohcatedisn anaccTeid:laeathismopnlewthaille:co:mmdwuojnirthusotenyytat4bibstal:::Tbhinye
' this style. might have sat as an original for the cha-
racter in Hudibrss—

The polit
With morn hods than a hewn in visionician.
-- - -- —-- --

lisie,"-ss War e
usft oilier wan s .
AM.
A.
Ent wa
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lossess *sig.
is WI imam kireska run dawn,
Nri lad • WM la awry nee ;
woo kr lin ad iii•W 'se an.
Ist Ibialsysio vim Ilwq ems
Wadi lasi& imam la sag *Ws
ads low Is slisistiis;
hipidlig NM sr Usille
Awaseke le Se
Ilinsilme kit Maly at
Mai RielOid Moab ia moms&
Da is imam esiitay,
••••••• arM lo vary;
Kal way la sire
!air linaMme sr usisiididag law.

Da. Bowsaw will this evening call the attention
of the House at Commons to the importance of re-
ducing the duties on foreign wines.

The motion is well timed. A memorial
ject has recendy been addressed to Lord Jona
RUSSELL by the Bordeaux " Association pour k
litierte des Echanges." This body, w hich number/
amongst its members most of the merchants of filet
city, a great many of the landed proprietors of Me
district, and the elite of the professional perpuldtie,
and which has the mayor for its president, incit;
Lord JOHN RUSSELL to carry on the work of his pee,
ddmaecessoutlrenonrdF!,:r.entohchttkeniweaninbliartaniliinortedgf
gesuicunheraltoa
the United Kingdom.
This is an appal from the free traders of a country
where the faith in free trade is yet in its infancy, de
the minister of a country which has inscribed feee
trade on its banners, to come to their assistance, id
the only way that the minister of a foreign state cad
legitimately aid and strengthen a party hose viem
of policy coincide with his own. The French go.
vernment have given in a halthearted temporisidg
adhesion to the principles of free trade. By redurne.
the duties on French wines, our governmeat worni
go far to make free traders of all the wine-growind
countries in France. They would not merely eaccd.
rage the French government to become more decided
free traders by assuring them of popular supped ;
they would compel them by creating a free trade
pressure of public opinion in France.
In 1792 the duty on French wines was 31. 9d., and
the duty on Portugnese 2s. 6d. per gallon. The
annual consumption averaged about seven and a half
millions of gallons. At present the duty on all kinds
of wines (Cape trash excepted) is ss. 6d. per palm
The average annual consumption is rather umber
seven million, of gallons. Yet the population of
Great Britain in 1792 scarcely amounted to ten rad.
lion', and at present it must be fully nineteen millions.
The wealth andluxury of the nation, too, have increased
in, at least, an equal ratio.
A glance at the history of the wine trade between
1792 and 1844 will' present the effects of heavy cm-
toms duties in a still more impressive yoint of vim
The import duties on Foreign wines Is 1792 Were se
has already been stated, 3s. 9d. per gallon on Freneh,
and 21. 6d. on Portuguese • and the annual consarn}
tion about seven and a h3;lf millions of gallons. In
1795 the duties on French wines were railed to 8a 6d.
per gallon, on Portuguese to 58. 81d. • and in 1796
the consumption scarcely exceeded dye and a half
millions of gallons ; in 1797 it fell below four
millions. A further increase to 1 ls. lid. per gallon
on French, and is. Bd. on Portuguese and Spanish
wines continued the depression, for notwithstanding
the increase of population and the improved style of
living, the average annual consumption of the three
years ending 1824 was less than five and a half mil-
ieus of gallons.
The recovery of the wine trade dates from 1825,
when Mr. ROBINSON reduced the duties nearly 50
per cent. The equalisation act of the lot and 2nd of
WILLIAM IV., contributed to render its condition still
better, though it could have been wished that the
aniform duty upon all kinds of wines had been
brought about without adding Bd. per gallon to the
Iduties on Portuguese and Sioanish wines. These re-
Hluctions of duty, have had the effect of re-
storing the annual consumption of wines in this
the
country to a quantity little short of what it was when
Ziguatc:Boripntaintimilinii.
the population was about half of what it now is.
Here the consumption has for several years re-
mained stationary, and unless a further reduction of
duty is conceded is likely to remain.
It is stated in the Bordeaux memorial, referred to
above, that with a duty of 101. per hogshead, or is.
per gallon, the sound wholesome common sorts of
Bordeaux wine could be sold in London at 41d. per
bottle ; the ordinary sorts (consumed by the middle
classes in France) at 6d., the superior sorts at Bd.,
and the very best sorts at prices varying from 10d. to
4s. 23d. per bottle. That such a reduction in prices
would increase consumption is apparent, from the
contraryeffecatparor:ln, byucted
:hen w
the re
the rafrecntg
tohfat in Scot-
land, prices It
is still more pp
land, where French wines were the standing drink
even of the middle classes, before the introduction of
English customs duties, wine has, since the impel-
tior4 of the high war duties, been almost entirely
superseded even at the tables of tolerably wealthy
members of the middle classes, by spirits.
There is every reason to believe that a bold and de-
cided reduction of the duties on foreign wines would
augment the revenue. From Italy and Spain, u
well as from France, many good palatable wines
might be freely introduced, which are excluded at nor
present high rate of 400 per cent. on the value of
the average of wines. The impetus that would this
be given to the exportation of our merchandise is ob.
vious. There is nothing problematical in this cake-
lation : past experience has shown that at moderate
prices the people of this country will drink the wines
which it is known southern Europe produces in abun-
dance. The Bordeaux merchants lay their fingers
upon the manufactured commodities of England,
which they are ready to take in return either for the
immediate consumption of France, or to help them in
making assorted cargoes for other countries. Their
wines would give us what is at present much wanted,
a good return ft eight for vessels engaged in the Eng-
lish export of coal.

The Paris journals of Tuesday make not a little
merry with the telegraphic ministry that M. (hied
has put together. The Constitutionnel accuses General
'Preset of being ultra-conservative, M. Jafr of being
favourable to the Jesuits. The Presse objects to Gm
Treed as being an engineer. And none will admit
the Duke of Montebello to be more than a diplo-
matist.

-----
A most extraordinary scene was exhibited in the I
Chamber of Deputies on Monday, on the occasion of
the debate upon the proposition of M. Cri-mieux, that
no member of the Chamber should hold the place of
director of a company, and especially of a railway
company. M. Grantlia ascended the tribune and de-
dared that there were 69 deputies who were direc-
tors
of railway companies. This announcement pro.
duoed a scene such ea it is qaite impossible adequately
to describe. The worst disorders ever witnessed in
the House of Commons, or even in the House of Re-
Feaentativee at Washington, were nothing to it.
That we may not even involuntarily exaggerate what
took place, we will give the account of it from Le
Steele ;
At last M. Orandin presented himself to deliver a vett
upon the scandals which have accompanied the roiling est
camieas. He would have hod the Kama fate as thus who
=hint—that *to say, the Centres would *es Ml*
is cosi is tbe audit of confess& wennoms—if be
hod mot lawidisil awe vainest abates easint the saw
bora**, sweating*, who Wong to mews, ossoposits,
the swam, oterhom be estimated at sidyedwa. llpst Chit
the Cadres todhealmil Madly " Naas thaw."
M. Gerd* easel IL Delebeeqm, Wes esolimalWiwtr=e
meats eldspoly,mitway director, and chidoterstary in the
miry arpabde baireetion. Then commenced a wan-
=nt thrir seesta which ltbe ail=
bell odtho and as beam wie•7l7 Lerelieder
fr Amboy. who dos elm& is dm shame/ of M. Ora"
were issues! laths Swifts Imillowingadoiumallty er sight,
sr sabers essapplisa tits metro *the chamber. Beery stbospt
of M. Grand's is *putt use tendered abortive, by the ohms
*this formidabloollinsmwhiming, " Name ! name !" The
speaker rattly awilotwootod to 'signify by voice and gesture,
by exclamation sad ismisudo pantomime, that he could not
reed all No mum 1. Moot they were confusedly inscribed
wpm a list with *MO * his band; that, moreover, the
Mir(who never woad Ong* bit bell and striking the
ailbebade him to memo die =Wen. To this the Inds-
macro only isened, by uninterrupted shoats of
!lit I stns! " " But I tel you, replied the mar,
" that the president forbids me." ' Name . name ! " spin
yeedeteeel the Centres, and the president cantinas(' to ring
tibia awl mike his desk. This sweet Wed more than
as hair. Ile• eppeeition interposed in vie. to vain the
prelim* mail dos bows to older. Wbsarsur a amid
of oils* tossoodoi ids MOW Wier, sod the sposhot
was about to sasses, dm law uproar was reasonwased.
Some snub= at bog* violently called on M. and
Some to
dolma tram tho Idiom "No !" exclaimed he, "It is low
a poi* ef how* with me' and I will let myself be ow to
plows maw Nona iseatad!" The uproar then reotaistenad
der thou nor, the Centres voaferating " Come lows I
Come down r hi. Gremlin replied, " Then yea mast coy
and drag ow down !" Some diaposimate members, scat-
delimit at this here immoral, and abjured the pot
aide* to him the . Ths proddent then oddremed the
Cesteme. mid mplimillol IMMO asp the liberty eters&
The Matra replied to them nemsarances by sheets of
lanikher, gestures of rage, eel assliesed to sodium, with
franay . Name! name !" M. Gremlin, his patience bag
ozhowitod, at length gave his list to M. do Mornay. who,
with ewes or four other deputies, set about to delphm it
aid to SIMON the names. To witness the mem is
wind& base add that it was a meeting of the Convention, is
willed' the peg ef the Mountain, excited to moclaus, won
colluded is agradag groups, and preparing lists of Fa-
=hi a portion of the description of this extraor-
dinary scene given by Le Siiele, and not the lesiid
extraordinary part about it is the fact that the rides
on this occasion were neither of the extreme Whs!
of the Chamber, nor the members of the Opposites,
who made the most earnest effut to to repress the die-