The Express.
London, England, 1849-09-29 00:00:00

LLANDOVERY AGRICULTURAL MEETING.

The annual exhibition of stock of this society took
place on Wednesday last, in the town of Llandovery. The
character of the show, as regards quality, was satisfactory,
but we think that the number shown was lees than on the
last occasion. The show of berate, all of which, with three
exceptions, were of the Hereford and short-horned breeds,
was exceedingly fine, and those exhibited by Captain Cross
were certainly excellent specimens, sad showed what even
in this country can be done with proper care and attention ;
the gallant captain was, as he deserved to be, particularly
successful in carrying off premiums, and we hops his example
will be generally imitated, so that in a few years others will
be found in a condition to compete with him. Mr. Jones,
Cynghordy, who has often before been successful, also showed
some good beasts.
There was • manifest improvenvnt in the show of sheep,
both as respects quality and quantity. The aged ram of
Mr. Davies, Froodvale, and the pen dimes of Mr. Junes
Haver d, being much siondred.
The show of pigs was neither large nor good; and the
sgriculturiets of the district would do well to turn their
attention to this class of farming stock, as, if this is done,
we feel convinced that in a few years the Name improvement
that is now visible in cattle will be whammed in pigs.
The show of bones was very small, there being a much
less number exhibited than we have seen on any former
occasion. There were, however, some very handguns
animals shown, so that what was lost in number may be
said to have been made up in quality.
Mr. Matthew Ice, Itsoseren, near Trodegar, was the
judge of the stock, and we us glad to Nay his decisions gave
general satisfaction. The rue remark will apply with opted
fats to Mr Lewis, Llwynyfedwee, the judge of tile green
crops and draping.
Messrs. Hodges end Wright, implement-makers, Brecon ;
showed a large assortment of useful agricultural implements,
which attracted a considerable number of spectators.
At the committee meeting in the morning several points
cautected with the future welfare of the society were dis-
cussed. The propriety of confining the premiums to tenant-
(emirs was one of the topics; and on this subject there was
a neat variety of opinions bet, on the whole, we think the
pinks advocating the limitation were the majority of those
resent. The question of allowing tenant-fanners, not pay-
ing more than a certain anima rent, and not being members,
to compete for all the premiums offered by the society was
also discussed, but ne determination was come to, as Mr.
Davies, Froedtele, gave notice that at the spring meeting he
would propose that a resolution to that effect should be in-
corporated with the rules of the society. The expediency of
amalgamating this society with the Lleadiki District Society,
was also discussed ; and the result was, we believe, that a
proposition to that effect will be made ; in the meantime, it
was deemed edviseble to extend the operations of the society,
and use parishes previously excluded from competition were
added to the district in which the satiety's operations are
confined.
In the erasing a large company sat down to • most excel-
lest dinner at the Castle Hotel. John Jones, Esq., president
of the society, presided, supported ea his right by D. A. S.
Davies, Rai , M.P. ; Csptsia Rpm ; and Captain Cross ,• and
on his left by Bowel Gwyn, Esq., M.P. ; Lewis Lewis, Req. ;
sad D. Thomas, Ere.
Several toasts having been drunk, the Chairman called on
the secretary to reed the prizes.
The list of nossesfill competitors having been read, the
Chairman proposed " The health of the successeful com-
petiton."
Amos; the principal wises were the following, to which
the name of the ersecm competitor is annexed :
CATTLE.
A silver cup, value five guineas, given by D. A. 8. Davies,
Esq., M.P., for the best bull, to Mr. James Jones, Llwyn-
dewy.
For the best yearling bull, society's premium, to Captain
Arango Cron. 31.
For the best cow, of any breed,illeys 3 ye ars old, to Cep'.
Arengo Creek 21.
Fur the best heifer, in calf, two years old, to Capt. Avenge
Cross, 21.
For the best yearling heifer, to Capt. Arengo Cross, 11.
For the best pair of yearling steers, to Mrs. Jones, Tanners
Hall, 21.
For she beet pair of two year old steers, to Mr. Henry
Jones, Cynghordy, 21.
For the hest cow, of any breed, above Ave years old, to
Mr. David Price, Prrnrhlw, 2L
A silver ewer, of the value of Wee guineas, given by
Captain Cress, Abermarlais, for the beet pair of two year o:d
hedges, brad by toe exhibitor, and beta, his property at the
time of showing, to Mr. Henry Jones, Cyngbordy, 31. 3s.
SHE EP.—Lowcaune.
For ths beet ram, to David Davide, Beg., Frooduile, 11.
For the beet pen of Lowland ewes, not lees than 6 in
umber, and not exceeding three years, to Mr. James Ba-
yard, Llandovery, 21.
HIONLANDII.
For the best ram, to Mr. David Joseph, Aberdyfnant, 11.
For the best pen of Highland ewes, not lees than 10 in
number, and not exceeding four yearn old, to Mr. David
Price, Perarldw, 21.
GREEN CROPS.
To the subscriber, occupying a farm exceeding 1001. per
annum, who shall ref's the best crop of turnips, of any kind,
din., not less than three acre and a half, soil, do., Captain
Amigo Cross, 41.
To the subscriber occupying a farm above 601. and not ex-
ceeding 1001. per annum, who shall raise the best crop of

turnips, of any Mad, Re., sot leas than two MIS and • halt;
ND, Ito., Mr. Morgan Rom Trnywano,
31.
DRAINING.
.

For the greatest uninierOl pertt:tes, not lees than 200 in
length, of covered drains, and made by a &sheathe?, within
the year ending the Ist of September, 1849, filled with
broken stone, pipe, or tiles, nail and situation on endued,
to Mr. Morgan Moron, Lltryn, 987 parches. (Mr. JAn
Jena, Baena, who had thalami 1,187 perches, was decided
by the judge to have won the prise; bat, is consequence of
having won the same prise before, he was exclude el from re.
airing the premium. which was therefore awarded to Mr.
Morgan, he being mead in merit-61.
A premium et has guineas, offered by Charles Bishop,
Dolgurtg, to • tenant farmer occupying lands at an
annual rent not exceeding 1001., and seizing kis livelihood
solely by the cultivation of the lands which he occupies as
tenant, fa the greatest member of perches of drains, made
within the year ending September, 1849. Such drains to be
made conformable to the regulations of the society, to Mr.
D. Davis., Tyllwyd.
The health of the successful competitors were then drunk,
and several of them having returned thanks, several other
toasts were given and responded to, sad the meeting sepa-
rated.

MANCHESTER AND LIVERPOOL AGRICUL-
TURAL SOCIETY.

night, All show, rpoo Lord Ds T
The dinner
aaaa of this
ateoLc:::ty tr.? place on
ATAhLorya,dey
un-
der whoa auspices the show has this year been held, nom-
*sA the chair. Re was supported, right
sand left, by Wm.
ro Bwn, Esq , M.P. ; Gilbert Greenall, . M.P. for War-
elegies ; Mark Phillips, Eq.; Tattoo Egerton, Esq.,
M.P. • J. I. Blackburn., Esq. and several of the chief
landed gentry of the two counties.—Aster the usual lo)al
, toasts,
The CHAIRMAN row, and in complimentary terms pro-
=the health" of the patrons of the society, the Earl of
y, and Wilbraham' Egerton, Esq., of ranee.
WM. TATTON EGERTON, Esq., on behalf of his
father, responded to the toast.
The CHAIRMAN said—l now come to what more im-
mediately concerns our meeting here to-day. I am happy,
gentlemen, to have seen in the touts which I have had the
honour to propose, that I have been met by your hearty con-
currence and ready empathy ; and I am slue that your con-
memos will not be one whit the lem hearty, or your glares
lea full, fa drinking " Prosperity and success to the Man-
chester and Liverpool Agricultural Society." In proposing
this toast to you, gentlemen, I cannot bat feel how inade-
quate I sin to do justice to it. My experience as as agri-
culturist ie, lam shamed to say, very saran; tad my igno-
rance, I had better say at once, very great. My admiration
of all those animals we saw to-day arms from my
abstract love of the beautiful, and not from any
knowledge of the points constituting their excellence.
Therefore, gentlemen, 1 will, in the preemie of so many
practical agriculturists, especially refrain from addressing you
on those matters • but, still more, are politics cut from my
test. By a wise and happy regulation of your society, poll-
tin are not to be touched upon. With politics we have
nothing to do. Bat it may be expected that I should make
a few remarks upon the present state and future prospects
of this society, and of the great cause on whose behalf we
have met here today, the sinculture of England. I have
said, gentlemen, that with politic we have nothing to do. '
We nave nothing to do with those great changes in our
commercial policy which have taken place—we have nothing
to do with the wisdom, or the want of wisdom which has
led to those changes—we have nothing do with their
connectioa or non-connectioa with to
depreciation to
which we cannot shut our eyes, in the agricultural
world. But we have to do, gentlemen, with the way in
which that depreciation must be met. We have to look
cur position straight in the face ; we have to see how we
can, with advantage to curatives, profit to the country, and
the commonwealth of England, carry on the cultivation of
our soiL Gentlemen, it is to be done, not by looking for-
ward in despair on what has gone by—it is not by exhaust-
iug our energies in agitating for what, speaking individually,
I must consider improbable of realisation and a vision; but
it is by setting our shoulders bravely to the wheel, and en
deavouring to develop the capabilities of the soil of Eng-
I ad, and to increase its productive power. If the pries
of our produce is diminished, we must produce so
much al. more. (Applause.) And 1 evil not des-
pair that such will be the case. No one will tell
me in this age of universal improvement, when wo see
in every *cacaos such advances made—when we see, for
instance, that by steam space is annihilated—when we see
that, by the electric telegraph, we can speak, as it were,
by a flash of lightning, and draw portraits by the sun-
beam—that agriculture is to stand still. Ido not speak of
the elec•ric telegraph or the daguerreotype, but every one of
those improvements which more immediately tend to the
every day practice of life may be applied to the improve-
ment of agriculture. Every railway which is opened opens
a new market to yo'r agricultural produce—opens out some
remote agricultural district to the market of a great manufac-
turing town. Every discovery in chemistry brings to light
some new manure—some new power of developing the
productive quality of the soil. And I do say, gen-
tlemen, when mush is the case, with the mechanical
powers which the farmer will be able to apply, that there is
no occasion to despond. The machines which we have seen
re-day are most admirable; and many of them, by a proper
application, will inertias the facility, and, consequently,
render the cultivation of the soil more cheep. With these
views, gentlemen, I cannot despair of the agriculture of Bag-
land. 1. cannot despair but teat you wilt increase the pro-
duee et the soil se much as to more than meet the present
depressed state of the ntraxeu. But I am aware, when I
speak this way, you may say—" It is all very well ;" and I
will agree witn you that it is of no use, unless we ere united
in ourselves. The landlords must support their tenants.
(Applause.) The landlords must support their tenants
by giving leases on fair and equitable terms—by ad-
vancing capital, end by assisting theta in drainage.
(Cheers.) The temente must stand by their land-
lords in carrying out those improvements, and in the
industrious cultivation of the land committed to their
charge. If that is the case, if we stand fairly by one
another, every clue of the agricultural community—land.
lords, farmers, and labourers—l cannot despair but that we
will see the cultivation of the soil carried on advan-
tageously in every way. (Applause.) I hail with plea-
sure the hospitality, the sympathy, and the good-will which
the agricultural society of this part of the country meets
with in the great towns of Liverpool and Manchester. I
hail with pleasure that sympathy of the manufacturing
and commercial classes in the cause of agriculture. Yost
wisely do they hold it, for the interest of the ow fs
the interest of the other. (Applause.) I am convinced
that commerce, agriculture, and msonfactures, are
bound by iudiesoluble ties; and he is no true
friend to his country's greatness who preaches to
any class any other doctrine. With these sentiments
and feelings, I call upon you to drink my toast. I have
great faith, gentlemen (to sum up what I have slid), to
the application of scientific principles to the cultivation of
our soil ; I have faith in the undevoloped fertility of the
soil and still greater faith in the indomitable energy of
British thews and sinews. (Loud apples's.) By woman
out on thee. principles I am convinced that we shall still see '
agriculture flourish ; and it is because I think that this and
societies :ike this are calculated to effect this object that I
shall give them my support. (Loud applease.)
The toast was drank with three times three.
' WM. BROWN, Esq., M.P., who, on rising, was received
with the most rapturous applause, next, in neat terms, pro-
posed the health of the noble chairman. In replying,
The CHAIRMAN said, the sentiments which I before
uttered you may not all coincide in, but I may say that
' the proceeded from my heart, and you all hive me
credit for the sincerity or those opinion., knowing that I,
like yourselves, am entirely dependant on agriculture. (Ap-
plause.) I gave you the best advice, as I think, forth. main-
tenance of agriculture ; if agriculture tall, I must fell also.
(Loud applause.)
The CHAIRMAN, In highly eulogistic terms next pro-
posed the health of Lord Stanley. They must not quarrel
with his lordship for Iris absence. He was where an Irish
landlord was hest discharging his duty, in Tipperary, when
they were all aware, his lordship had large estates. Would
that all Irish landlords were likewise on their estates—
would that all absentees from that meeting had so good, so
legitinstts, and worthy an excuse.
Mr. G. C. HALE, Lord Stanley's steward, returned
thanks.
The health of the vice-presidents was subsequently drank.
This called up
WM. TALTON EGERTON, Esq., who urged upon
landlords the duty of supporting such societies, and of cordial
co-.ration with their tenants. He threw out many vela-
sble practical hints, and said he saw no reason why apical-
tare should not reach the same eminence which had beam at-
tained by the two other great branches of industry, 1111111au-
factures and commerce. He seid, "My coanexica with actm-
menial pursuits has shown me more especially two thiajp in
which we fail much. I know that in many cues where we
have the means (farmers will tell me in some cases that they
have not the means), we do not expendespital largely enough,
and I ata sure that, in agricultural matters, ultimo capital is
largely expended, we must not expect great returns. An.
other thing tr, eooaomy in agricultural operations."
The CliAltitdAN then pre rued the health of the mew
ben for the southern division of Lancashire, °poplins with
the tout the name of Mr. Wm. Brown whom he warmly

eulogised.
LI WILAM BROWN. Eso., M.P., onside( to rapped
to the toast, was spin rapturously cheered. On behalf of
his absent colleague and himself, he begged to make their
spokes. of hacimk"iwniedgaa manner mTreheirilatte"tagebaithLranhe hadde-
isenonrfutildegrbenaanceps,dtthhweeoymowtltul:_coloillithetiaint:bEcioliteint dwwifffeulherej
agnoties,roodt leforrethantireeeirrelywkieonnred
any subject. (Laughter.) All that they had to do, how-
ever, was to di.ebarge their public duties in the greatcouneil
of the nation, without looking t' sem, party, or to class ; to
do what they honestly and candidly believed to be for the
public good. And although there might be differences of
opinion on public @objects (at had unfortunately happened
that a difference had szi-ted m to our public policy), yet
none could exist as to the desirability of the ob-
ject which had brought them there that day. They
were met to promote, as hir as lay in their power, the
beet interest of agriLul.ors and of the cation. He was not
a practical farmer, and therefore it would be bad taste In
him to endeavour to enlighten them on fanning subjects.
But es he bad been met with ii.quiries from both landlords
and tenants as to the eff, et which tree trade might have
upon mite, perhaps it would be well it he quoted some sta-
tistics to show, as tar es p milk., the competition which
might be eximited from abroad Austria, which was acorn-
growing country, prodded 1$ bushel, to the acre, France 14
bushels, America 18 bushels, Poised 20 bushels (bat that
bad to go to Dan. z.e. for shipment), and Holland was esti-
mated to produce from 28 to 30 ousbels to the acre. Bo that

it would be sun we were a match for up of them ca that
(mud. (Applause.) Then uto the prices at which these
countries weld afford to supply our market. He had brought
with him a memorandum which showed the aMeeyi of
wheat in the United States sines 1766. The gee were
those of to, years, and the prime tame of the Philadelphia
markets.

Front 1783 to 1794
„ 1793101804 .......... 3 2 0 „
„ HOS to 1814
„ 1915 to 1824
„ 1112510 1834
• 1833 to 1844 I. ll9 8
That gave an average of 495. Sd. a qaarter fur the lowest
period ; and to this must be added be. to 10s. for height,
charged to profits. Now he thought they could meet
that. (Cheers.) But whatever might be said in regard to
grain, foreigners certainly could not compote with us is
the green crops. As to the quantity of live stock
which they could send, it was hardly worth Deming.
Kane, in his Industrial Resources of Ireland," had
shown the vast extent of our home supply. Now,
with respect to Russia, fears had been expressed that
we would get large supplies of wheat from Odessa.
With respect to that, we had nothing to fear ; her
agriculture was on the lowest scale of all, and very little
wheat found its way through the Straits of Gibraltar, un-
less the prices were remunerative here. The poor Roolan
boor brought his corn to market on a miserable cut drown
by oxen : tf he could get a pittance to pay his rent, it was
all he wanted. There was no capital there applied to agri-
culture. Under ell thew circumstances, he thought, with
our good roads—with the immense capital which we could
apply to the cultivation of the soil—with the Saxon energy
which we possessed—with the intelligence that he saw in
that room (for he had just been telling the president that
he saw a great many intellectual faces around him)—
with our knowledge of chemistry ; and with the various
other advantages that we had, he should not be sur-
prised to see us, instead of being an importing country,
if we put our shoulders to the wheel, become once more
an exporting eountry. (" Hear," and loud applause.)
Their chairman had told them with truth, he thought,
that commerce and agriculture must fink or swam to.
gether. The commerce of the country had been so
far advantageous to the agricultural districts as to relieve
them of gaucho( their surplus population, and to prevent
that accumulation of poor.ntes that must otherwise have
ensued. He was aware the poor-rates were heavy; but
quoted statistic to show that they were much heavier when
we had a much lees population, a century and a halt ago. At
the commencement of the last century the justices of War-
wickshire fixed a labourer's wages at 3s. dd, a week in winter
and 4s. Gd. in summer. Out of this the labourer had to find
himself; clothes were dearer then than now; the necessaries
of life were dear, and he really could not tell how the poor
man contrived to struggle on. (Hear.) He was sure that
if landlords and farmers did as suggested by the Chairman,
we had an El Dorado here, we need not go to Calif( rnia.
If agriculture would do its duty, he was sure that the mer-
chant with his enterprise would do his. hlr. Brown, on
re-
auming hi. seat, was loudly cheered.
The health of the committee of management was after-
wards given, coupled with the name of Mr. Robert Neilson.
' Mr. NEILSON, on rising, was loudly cheered. He made
an admirable speech, which we regret our limits compel us
Ito condense. One matter which had occupied tho attection
of the committee had bean already referred to by tne chair-
man--the relative position of landlord and ter.aut. Since he
had the honour, last year, of acknowledeing the toast at
Manchester, that change, which was then ratter more than
dreamt of, and which was expected to come over the agri-
cultural interest, had arrived; and it would be idle to deny
that that depression and gloom which was equally anticipated
as its concomitant, had also arrived, and was now
neensing heavily on the agricultural community.
The home market had been thrown open to the
emeepetition of the world ; and, veto ithat.nding
the very eloquent and very correct statistic al details of the
member for South Lancashire, there would be littlo doubt
they would have to compete with better sail., get an r
far production, lower wages, and equal locilities for
reaching the home market, to those which our farmers had.
(*.Hear," and cheers) The question thin nsturslly arose
u to how that position or those prospects could be met. They
had two courses open—either to sit down supinely and watt
the coming storm, in hope that some fresh agitation would re-
lieve them for a little time, and ch 't ish that hope
deferred which maketh the heart sick; or to raise
themselves with manly energy to meet the changes as
they approached, and to get into that mental e.r.dition
which would enable them to struggle with the difficul-
ties when they arose, or take advantmo of whatever
f irtuitous circumstances might occur. He con-
cluded by referring to the subject of edu•ation. It
was a lamentable fact, that the agricultural community were
lees educated as a body than the commercial or manufactur-
log. It was the duty of landlords to commence operations to
remedy the evil by erecting school-rooms, and it was equally
in the power of landlords to attach land to th .se edifices, so
that the education might not cnly be icholattic, but
practically industrious. He rat down amid lend applause.
At this stage of the proceedings the various prizes were
read user and distributed. This was no cold formals y, as
might be au; posed, hut a highly interesting prooedure. The
name haying been called over, the treason, r prepared the
muecy or the medal, as the Me might be, and the succe,sful
competitor advanced, amidst the hearty greet:ngs and the
rapturous applause of those present, to the chairman's table,
to receive the prize, his lordship, in nearly every instance,
accompanying the presentation by some commendatory
words. Mr. James Birch, of Sefton, carried off a great
variety of prizes, and was so often called up at first, that
amidst the laughter of the company, he took a seat for con-
venience sake, at a short distance from the cladr. The cere-
mony over, a variety of other toas's were prspased.
The CHAIRMAN gave, " The sure 'nut candidates for
stock," and coupled with the toast the name of Gilbert
Gresnall, here., M.P., who briefly responded.
The CHAIRMAN next gave "The judges."
Mr. E. W. WILMOT, in acknowledging the compliment,
said he had officiated as judge for the last three yeeray and
the show of this year WY the best which he had seen. If
they pragresscd as they bad done they would be behind no
county show in the stock theexhibited.
Mr. TATTON EGERTON, M.P., then per posed the
health of Mr. Mark Philips, who responded at considerable
length.
The CHAIRMAN, in deservedly eulogistic term., pro-
posed the health of the obliging secretary, Mr. Henry White,
of Warringtoo. The toast was rapturous) y received.
The health of Mr. Lucas, the owner of the room, was sub-
sequently drunk, end the honour having been duly acknow-
ledged, the fair sex were remembered in the customary
toast, and the meeting broke up.