The Express.
London, England, 1848-05-04 00:00:00

POLAND.

By the information despatched from Cracow on a
the
26th ult., it memo, as we stated yesterday, that
skirmish has taken place between the populace and
the troops, in consequence of the refusal of govern-
ment to allow Polish emigrants not natives of
Cracow to remain in the town. Barricades were
erected, and several rockets are said to have been
thrown from the castle. Pesos was eventually re-
stored by the emigrants voluntarily removing. Oen.
Castiglione is said to be wounded.
The Polish emigrants already assembled at Cracow
number more than 1,200,m05t of them in a deplorable
state of embarrassment. On the 25th ult. these un-
fortunate men made a very significative demonstra-
tion, and at which the whole population of the town
assisted. The Austrian commissary, M. Krieg, having
given orders to permit no more Poles coming from
France to enter the territory of our republic, a column
of 730 of them was stopped on the frontier.

UNITED STATES-MEXICO,

The Hibernia, Captain Shannon, arrived yesterday
at Liverpool from New York, having left that city
on the 19th. 'l'he dates from the capital of Mexico are
to the 30th of March, and from Vera Cruz to the 3rd
of April. The Hibernia brings 95,0001. or, freight. All
civil authority had been turned over to the Mexicans
in the cities of Mexico, Vera Cruz, and Tampico, pur-
suant to the terms of the armistice. The greatest
dissatisfaction was felt at this, especially in Vera
Cruz. Since the Mexican authorities had been re-
stored to power Paredes had attempted a revolution,
and was reported to have been arrested by order of the
government. The conviction was strong that the
Mexican congress would have met at the end of
March, and that they would ratify the treaty.
The court-martial on General Scott was continuing
according to latest reports, and Mr. Triat had been
examined. It was stated by the commander of an
American frigate, which left Vera Cruz on the 2nd of
April, that General Scott had arrived there from the
capital.
Santa Anna designing to leave Mexico, in the I
latter part of March one of his agents obtained a pass-i
port from the American commandant at Orizaba, and
went down to Vera Cruz to charter a vessel for him,
and it was said that he had succeeded in securing a
brig, which was at last accounts lying off Antigua,
about 12 miles north of Vera Cruz. There Santa
Anna proposed to embark, and thence sail for
Jamaica. Col. Hughes, Governor of Jalapa, had an
interview with him at his hacienda of El Encero. He
went out with two compani<e of dragoons and one of
artillery to meet him. The details of the interview
are not known. Some accounts state that Santa
Anna had actually.surrendered himself to General
Butler, and received passports to enable him to leave
the country • but they want confirmation.
The propeller Massachusetts arrived at Vera Cruz,
on the 2nd, from New Orleans, having on board Mr.
Clifford, associate commissioner for securing the rati-
fication of the treaty.
General Valencia bad died of apoplexy on the
25th, at Mexico.
Intelligence from Yucatan to the end of March
gives a disastrous account of the state of affairs there.
Tt.e Indians, according to all accounts, commit the
greatest atrocities, and their rallying cry is, " Destruction of I
all races but the Indian." Wherever they gain possession.
the towns, villages, and flourishing haciendas, or agricultural
estates are destroyed ; and of the inhabitants none are spared
but a portion of the ferna'es for usage worse than death.
Mere than a hundred towns and villages, 500 haciendas,
and 1,000 ranchos, or smaller estates„rpread over half
the territory of Yucatan, have fallen into The hands of toe
Indians. This territory contained a population of more than
250.000, of whom 180,000 were Indians: the remaining
70,000 being of the proscribed colours, white, mestizos, or
negroes, have either been put to death or have fled in utter
destitution from their homes. The savage barbarity of the
Indians has led them, in some cases, even to eat the white
infanta whom they had slain. The principal chief of the In-
dians is Jacinto Pat. The second in consequence is Chi.
Each hits a standing force under his orders of about 12,000.
They act in concert. Numerous smaller hands are scattered
over the country, each under its separate leader, all animated
by the common sentiment of extermuiation of the whites and
mmtizos, and murdering, burning, and violating, in terrible
rivalry of each other. On April 1 a vessel arrived at Vera Cruz I
with despatches from Commander Bigelow, governor of
Yucatan, to Commodore Perry. It was said that the people
of Campeachy, a fine old Spanish town of 15,000 inhahitanta,
the seat of no inconsiderable wealth and luxury, was in great
panic at the approach of the Indians. Commander Bigelow
had sent off the Iris steamer and schooner Falcon to give
continuum, and if necessary a refuge, to the inhabitants.
The Vesuvius bomb-vessel had already been left off Cam-
peachy, with that view, by Commodore Perry, on the occa-
sion of his recent visit in the steamer Mississippi. Laguna,
in possession of the United States, will at any rate give re-
fuge and protection to all who may flee thither. The inha-
bitants even of Laguna have become terribly affrighted for
their personal safety. Meetings were held and addresses sent
to Commodore Perry, praying that he would in no event
evacuate the island-net even should peace be made between
Mexico and the United States. They set forth, in the most
moving terms, their desperate situation, and the probable
success of the savages. The U.S. steamer Iris was to sail
from Carmen for Sisal, to take off the inhabitant* of Sisal,
and transport them to Laguna, to prevent them from being
massacred by Lie Indians or driven into the sea.
The le'ashington Union of the 14th publishes despatches,
received from Commodore Perry, who was with the steamers
Mississippi, Scorpion, Iris, and Waterwiteh, and the bomb
brig Vesuvius, looking alter American interests at Yucatan,
seriously threatened in the disordered state of things there.
Commodore Perry writes that he had had an interview with
Governor Mendes, whom he represents to be an intelligent
and energe tic person, ardently attached to the present exist.
ing institutions of the country, but entertaining, in common
with his coadjutors in the government, serious apprehensions
that these institutions cannot much longer be sustained
without prompt assistance from some foreign power. The
successes and outrages of the Indians have been such that
the whites have become panic-stricken, and seem to have
lost all courage and all hope of checking their advances.
____.... Under these circumstances the authorities are at a loss what
steps to take—and the commodore writes :
DENMARK AND THE DUCHIES. Application has been made to me for men and munitions; but,
--- however I might he disposed to take upon myself the responsibility of
Letters from Copenhagen of the 27th state that suca mesonues in aid of the defence of these unhappy people against
the exterminating cruelties of as uncivilined and ruthless enemy, the
M. Orla Lehmann arrived there on the 26th.—The &pruner.% is aware that I hove not the means of extending Donee.
Berlinyer Zeitung, without entering iuto any particu- lion beyond the range of the Buns of the one or two Pullet vessels that
ling, states that the intelligence which he has brought censid.a,loileulievespgazddiefroin the
ssoa pberervetforcet o4enthtter regtuadronhLar=ey.
is satisfactory. communicated with the government at Washington, end I may mon
The Fadrelnndet gives extracts from letters ad- exilic:
iiintirues instructions upon the subject.
dressed to the Duke of Glucksburg, which were found Gov. Mender. has declared to me that, failing to obtain aid from the
at Flensburg; one of them is from his wife, a daugh- united States, he should apply to other powers ; and, as • last resort.
ter of King Frederick VI. ; the other from his bro- wieitip,;,:rlepoc,rwevruwocattlnd. wo
co uld otter
,upe tainit,;odveerrepirgontgttoocf the. state to
thcr, Prince William, who is in the Austrian service. On the evening of the 9th of March, the Spanish brig of
Both' of them express disapproval of his proceedings, war Juanita, and the Chur, arrived at Seal. The Com-
and in favour of the Schleswig-Holstein cause. The mender of the Juanita, D. Ramon Quintero, brought des.
same journal contains a communication, in which it is patches to the government from the authorities of Havana.
stated that as soon iii it is known for certain The principal of them came directed b the Governor and
that the Haase Towns have joined in war against ratil'i ht he softie:tate
oolsmlanlly finfgCoriii. lg,otlheelorunnitatcooty,ttitne
Denmark, the royal ships-of-the-line will receive capital of that island, relatLto furnishing aid to this state,
orders to take possession of all German vessel. with- now in such a pitiable situation, in consequence of the war
out distinction ;and that they will not escape with a waged by the Indians against the whites, he sent this cam-
LOMBARDY.—At the date of our latest intelli- mere embargo, but that they will be unconditionallyoneetsto. the go v e
cavalryr n -
in u n i c a t i o n by the commander
delivered
fortehrz valet of war, sent to
Smiseonlgfu;_rtiorlcton,, board to d
genes the Piedmontese army and its Lombard auxi- condemned. 'fhe communication goes on to say that mubeskeetsivand bayonets,
liaries were still in their position on the right bank of a blockade of the Elbe, according to the definition swords, two twelve pound howitzers, tome email carronades,
the Mincio, having possession, however, of the bridges established by the rights of nations, would offer so and 200 quintals of powder ; all these articles being worth
where they had constructed " totes du pont." The many difficulties, not only in a political but also in a 22,161 dollars 76 cents. The supreme authorities ot the ,
Mincio, it will be recollected, flows from the southern naval and military point of view, that, without re- Island of Cuba, elm mate in theirwommunication, that the
powerawofrohneort
sCottlinctiMearetenty;searetreseerointiattitvhesomatot tfhoart,
extremity of the Lego di Garda, washing the towers fraining from the occasional bringing up of individualplace,
of Peschiera directly south to Mantua, through a ships, the Danes will, in the main, limit themselves to nish the mono asked by ?lie government Yucatan, adding
distance of something less than twenty leagues. supporting the operations of the land army by the that in famishing them succour, the suthorities acted lade-
Verona is some ten orfifteen leagues east of Peschiera. slime of the line. pendently of any selfish or political consideration, havirg
These three strong places—Mantue, Verona, and The meeting of the Diet was opened on the 26th only humanity at heart, and wishing to save the inhabitants
Perchiera—thus form a triangle, one side of which is at Itoeskilde by the royal commissioner, Count Spon- of all classes and conditions from the fate with which they
the Mincio. neck. The speech. from the throne treats the opposi- were threatened by the Indians. The comoionder of the
Juanita stated that in a few days the corvette, Luisa Fer-
The Austrian forces under RadetskY are collected lion of Schlessmg-Holatein te the incorporation of nanda would arrive with various arms and munitions.
in three bodies, one occupies Mantua, another ie eta- Schleswig with Denmark u open rebellion. The We copy from the North American of the 21st ult. the
tinned in an entrenched camp immediately under the councillor of state, M. Schonen was; nominated te- latest news from the Pacific. We have news from Lower
walls of Verona, and the third occupies Peschiera. sident of the assembly, and 'Professor Clausen ben &alie California 1.11 to the 2.Aied
frigates FebriLam ttilenfrocemaaNdlazdelan to
The Sardinian army and its allies manceuvre within vice-president. The president proposed an address to were at Mazatlan, a large portion r the crews of both els-
the area of the triangle we have indicated. They have the King, and another to the army, both which were sets being on shore garrisoning that place, which has been
completely invested Peschiera commanding the road unanimously adopted. held eines November. The sailers have done a large
vgeo,urniteer,
between it and the entrenched camp under Verona. A telegraphic despatch received at Alton* gives amount of work in fortifying the place. The ports of San
They make frequent reconnaissances through the information that the Danes were pushing on towards
everythingßlw and Manohanillo
twerzololotran blockaded. In tipper California
country on the left bank of the Minoio, lying between Tender°, in order to get into Ripen. They are cut .iorc tosnd 70 quiet.
Califurnia7towpnnt dowtrinf.hae
Mantua and Verona, where, according to the latest off from communication with Alsen. Their 'batteries who have been very active, and Dave generally annoyed our
advice., they encounter no enemy. Mantua is not at Holnis had been taken. Count Charles Moltke had men garrisons at La Paz and San Jog, but in
completely invested, for sorties have been attempted been summoned to the presence of the King of Den- all the numerous attacks our garrisons maintained
and executed on its southern side. mark at Frederica. their positions and repulsed the enemy. At La Paz,
Lieutenant-Colonel Burton' with two companies of
Thus situated, both armies have been for some time An officer of the Danish navy, who had arived at the California Regiment, after he had maintained ;
inactive. Radetaky acts on the defensive only, await- Hamburg by way of Malmoe (the steamer to Lubeck a siege for three weeks, organised a storming party under
Big the expected arrival of Gen. Nugent from the having ceased to run), brought information from captain Steel, who was succee-ful in taking the enemv's
Frioul. Charles Albert manceuvres, but ventures no Copenhagen that two I)anish ships of war had left works, and their flag wits taken by Sergeant Scott. The
whip Clene,,Captain sd.aFt. Du
La ranzt,absrut by Com. Shuhrick
serious attack, awaiting the reinforcements which he the day before (the 28th) to blockade the Elbe, so
1 expects daily to cross the Po, coming from the that they would probably make their appearance 'er'neram 'a,n_
y entirely withdrew from LA Paz, tantiliscotninceentranateadttel
Roman, Tuscan, and Neapolitan States. The most before the port on the 30th. It was not sup Posed, their forces, in number about suo, upon the poet at San
serious movement lately made by the Piedmontese however, that more was contemplated than the stop- Jog, commanded by Lieut. Charles Heywood, United Statasl
army consisted in an advance under the walls of page of German vessels, the effects of which would be nay,v with a detachment ol sailors and marines, numbering,
Mantua, towards the right bank of the Po. sufficiently disastrous. l, about 70, and some native California volunteers.
This manceuvre had for its object to defeat the sue- A despatch had been delivered to the senate from The guerillas captured Petted Midshipman Duncan, and
Watley, a sergeant of the California Regiment, and five
cess of a sortie of 6,000 men, which had been attempted the Prussian government requiring the detention of marines, Captain Dupont, hearing that Lieut. Heywood ,
from Mantua, with a view to cross the Po, at Borgo- all the Danish vessels in harbour, but by, good was hard pressed, and had lost two valuable officers,
February, just at suadown, and found all centrinufication
Forte, and advancing rapidly on Guaatala to attack in management they had been got beyond the Hamburg. sailed tor San Jog, where he arrived on the 14th of
dankthe Tuscan auxiliaries who were advancing tothe inrisdittion before the orders could be carried into
cut off with the town and garrison, situated two miles
river. The mancouvre of Charles Albert oompletelyde- effect. This was considered to be fortunate, as any
from the beach, but the discharge of the garrison
feated the project,fotohis forces chewed themselves in unfriendly step against the Danes could only tend cannon told that the fight was going on, and when night
mash &position that thevaust haTetakeatheAestrims still mete to oomproxaime the interests of Ileaarg• dose te the flash of assisetey was pereepsible, Captain

PRUSSIA.—We have received our usual files of
German papers. Those from Berlin are to the 30th.
A sort of rapture has seized upon the usually staid
population of Berlin, in consequence of the Intelli-
gence received of a great victory won by the Prussian
over the Danish troops. At the theatre the news was
received with loud acclamations, the actors and
audience both joining in the song " Was let dam
Deutaohen Vaterland." There has also been, in
honour of the event, a grand review of all the troops
stationed in the neighbourhood of Berlin.
The Prussian State Gazette contains a proclama-
tion from the Minister of the Finance, stating that
the numerous applications which have been made to i
his department for the opening of a voluntary. loan
were submitted by a cabinet council to his Majesty,
who gave his sanction to the same. After commend-
ing the patriotic zeal of the donors, the proclamation
goes on to say. that the contributions may be made in
current coin, in gold or silver in bars, and in articles
ofold and silver.
Reports from Posen are as melancholy as ever.
Bloody scenes, engagements between the landwehr
and the military, excesses of the populace against the
life and property of the Jews and Germans, are the order
of the day. In many parts the Polish nobles are
pressed to the uttermost by the armed peasants, who
demand the immediate fulfilment of the promises
made to them in the beginning.
A letter from the managing partner of the Bank of
Schaffhausen, now in Berlin, announces the gratify-1
ing news that the state will guarantee 50 per cent, of I
thu debts of the concern, to be repaid in the course of
ten years, and the family will advance the other
moiety, so that all the creditors will now be paid in
full. The neas has given universal satisfaction, as it
will tend more to restore confidence, and to set some
of the unemployed factories on the shores of the Rhine
again at work, than almost any other measure that
could be devised. It has also been stated that Von
Wittgenstein has accepted the office of Chief President
of the Regency of Cologne.
AUSTRIA.—By a decree published in the official
Vienna Ga:ette of the 28th ult. all corvees and feudal
ties on the peasantry of Carinthia will be abolished
from the Ist of January, 1849.
BRUNSWICK.—The Duke of Brunswick returned
to his capital from Schleswig on the 23th ult. lie
was received with acclamation.
BADEN.—A letter from Schopfsheim, dated April
27, says that a battle has taken place near Dassen-
bach, between the Wurtemherg troops and a column
of between 800 and 900 German workmen, arrived
from France, under the command of Harwegh, in
which the former were victorious. Twenty-three in-
surgents were killed, and 200 were made prisoners.
lierwegh, his wife, and Bomstedn, a subordinate offi-
cer, took flight. Most of the insurgents have returned
to Switzerland, or to Alsace, by way of Huningen,
where they have been disarmed by the Swiss and
French authorities, according to the recent decree of
the French Provisional Government. The chiefs of
the insurgents, Ilecker, Doll, Ileinzen, and lierwegh,
are at Huningen.
There was a large band of republicans still moving
about in the vicinity of Friburg on the 27th, but the
general opinion was that they must shortly fall into
the hands of the troops, who were everywhere upon
the alert. At Mannheim the bridge of communica-
tion between the two shores of the Rhine, which was
destroyed during the recent conflict, has not yet been
restored, and the communications are very much in-
terrupted. Large bodies of armed men, supposed to
be French, have recently, been seen near the frontier
moving towards Switzerland.
HESSE I)ARMSTADT.—At Darmstadt there
has been a collision between the infantry and cavalry,
in which the former had 3 and the latter 11 wounded.
NASSAU.—An attempt was made on the night of
the 28th at Wiesbaden to obtain possession of the
powder magazine, a body of rioters having disarmed
the sentinels; but the citizen guard was on the alert,
and having loaded a cannon with grape shot, and
pointed it at the mob, they dispersed without doing
lan y damage.
BAVARIA.—The Queen of Bavaria was delivered
' of a prince on the 27th.
4,

PARIS, WIDNEADAY, 10i, A.M.
The effect produced by the manifesto posted through
Paris on Monday afternoon, and signed by Barbee,
the colonel of the 12th legion of the national guard,
consisting of 28,000 men, which 1 noticed in my
letter of that evening, has been most unfa-
vourable. The funds yesterday, as will be seen,
declined, and the fall is ascribed to that
manifesto, aggravated, nevertheless, by the still more
incendiary articles which appeared simultaneoudy
and subsequently in Lo 16:Artne. This journal has
always been the special organ of M. Ledru Rollin,
and since the revolution has been considered as the
semi-efficial organ of him and his party. The object
of these manifestos is to make it appear that the
bourgeoisie in France—meaning by that term the
portion of the population p-asessing education and
property are banded together for the systematic op-
premien of the other portion of the population that
live exclusively by the produce of their bodily labour.
It is openly declared that the existing laws having
been made exclusively by the one clans, without
the participation or acquiescence of the other,
ought to have no force ; that, therefore, the labour-
ing classes are not only relersed from all obedi-
ence to any other laws but those of God and
nature, but that these very laws justify them in
rising agaiist those they call their oppressors, and if
their demands are not granted peaceably, then, say
the Re/Orme, and the Society of the Rights of Man,
" To arms ! citizens, to arms!"
A report prevails this morning that the signature of
13arbes was affixed to the above-mentioned proclama-
tion, or manifesto, without his knowledge or consent.
No disavowal on his pant, however, has yet publicly
appeared.
A number of officers of the 12th Legion, com-
manded by Rubes, called at the office of the Consti-
totionnel yesterday, and affirmed that if such were
the true sentiments of their colonel, they would feel
tt emselves compiled to separate from him the
moment that he would openly sanction the abandon-
ment of order yd the laws.
It issa.pthat this manifesto has become a subject
of lep investigation at the Palais de Justice.
'.se learn that the government learning, at last, all
'.tie gravity of the state of affairs at Limo es, decided,
yesterday, in council, that troops should be imme-
diately despatched to that city, to assist the commis-
sioner with an imposing military force.
The colonel of the national guard, M. Raybaud, is
to be tried by a council of war, and M. Talandier,
substitute of the procureur-general, is dismissed from
his functions.
The government has also decided that a consider-
able sum shall be put at the disposition of the com-
mtssary, to open national workshops.
By these memures order will soon be restored, and
security afforded to a terrified population.
The Societi• des Droits de Fllomme,finding that the
bills which they had posted on the walls had been all
torn down, yesterday had the contents (the Declara-
tion of the Droita de I'llomme, by Robespierre)
printed in the form of a hand-bill, and hawked about
the streets.
A letter has been addressed to the Minister of the
Interior by M. Etienne Arago, M. Augusto Fortelle,
and M. Landrin, begging that their names may not
be included in the list of the representatives of the
people, who may receive the emolument fixed on to
be paid to them ; the reasons assigned by them for
the application being, that as they are already in re-
ceipt of salaries from the government for the situation
they respectively fill under it, they could not con-
sistently receive any further emolument as representa-
tives of the people.
The Muniteur du Soir says :—" We have been in-
formed, in a manner that appears indubitable, that
Gen. Duvivier has asked for permission to resign his
post of commander of the Oarde Mobile. The reasons
assigned by the general for this step are, it is said,
that a representative of the people ought not to be in
Paris at the head of a military force, and that such
representative ought not to devote to other functions
a part of the time which ought to be appropriated in
its totality to the National Assembly."
The Bank of France has issued a notice, declaring
that it will now discount bills on Lille, Rouen, Havre,
Toulouse, Marseilles, Lyons, and Orleans, and that it
will give its own notes for those which have been
issued by the banks of the above-named towns.

The Madrid mails of the 28th ult. have arrived.
Despatches had been received on the 27th at the Fo-
reign-office, which were understood to be in answer to
former diplomatic correspondence, and conveyed the
fullest approval of Mr. Bulwer's conduct.
MADRID, APRIL WI4-71tres per Cents, 22 acct.; after 8., 21Inash;
22 paper; Five pit Cents., 131 paper ; after 8., LH, cash ,
5 paper • attar 8., 41 cash; Coupon*, 9 paper ; Bank of St. Ferdinand,
ex dm, 94 cagy 100 paper. Exchange on London, at 60 dare, 42 paper.