The Express.
London, England, 1849-10-18 00:00:00

" That a "MN committee be formed of the merchants,
bankers, and trader: of tha metropolis. to promote the pro.
renal of his Royal IVghness, to consist or the following
stentlemen —The Lord Mayor, the Sheriffs, the Lord
Mayor Elect, the Aldernsen, the Governor of the Bark of
England? the Deputy-Guru:or of the Bank cf England,
the Chauman of the East Inci:a Company, the Depaty.
Chairman of the But India Coroptcy, 5. Jones Loyd, R
George Can Glyn, Esq., MP., John iffesterannj.Esql., M.lio
Baran Rothschild, John Dillon, Hui., Balks* Lane, RIO.,
act, Joel= Hume, lisq , Baron Goldurat!, 0.
Wade M.P., Thomas Bering, M.P., W. Fonder,
Ben., M.P., W. Cotton, Eq , S. Gurney, Esq , R. L. donee,
EW. Tite,Esq.,F.R.S , Andrew Caldecatt, Esq., Robert
Williams; Eq., Joshua Bates, Esq., with power to add to
their numbers ; and that the Rev. S. Rsed Cattley and David
W. Wire, Esq., be the honorary secretaries of such cons
mittee."
He attended the meeting with the utmost gratification, re.
girding in object u one of a most practically beneficial kind
to the whole of the civilised world. The more individual
communications took place between nations, the more likely
were we to preserve peso*.
Sir JOHN PELLY, in seconding the resolution, said
that, as governor of the Hudson's Bay Company, he would
readily and cheerfully promise. that no exertion should be
speed to procure from the whole extent of the company's
territories the best speeinums of their products of every kind.
(Hear, Mar.) A British ship was now working out of the
river, bound for Vancouver's Island, and he would that day
forward by her captain ineteuctions that specimens
of the various products of that island should be
collected and carefully forwarded to the society. (Hear.)
One exhibition he would specify ; a very Site beaver, and,
to please his friend, Mr. Home, he would undertake that
the exhibition should be wholly gratuitous. (A laugh.)
though perhaps not wholly disinterested, for be hoped that
the appearance of a real beaver, and a knowledge of its
cellent Qualities' would bring back the community to beaver
hate. (A laugh.)
Alderman COPELAND said that as he istendul to be an
exhibitor, he doubted whether he ought to be on the corn
miner.
The objection, hewer r, was led by unanimous dis-
sent, and the uselution was adopted.
COTTON, Beg , moved the fourth resolution, that
the above rerolutiose be advertised In the London paper..
A'derman COPELAND eecoeded the resolution. In il
lustration et the beneficial effects of fuel exhibitions as that
proposed, he referred to the expositions at Manchester and
Birmingham, and 'sectioned that nothin; in the werld had
been more ►dvantsget us to himself in his batistes than
these exhibitions, He described the delight with which the
operatives at Manchester had, lest Whitsuntide, paid their
pennies to view the Exposition, and the eager interest with
which they had investigated ell its contents. He was one of
those who thought it a point of national honour with the
manufactuters of Great Britain, to compete with each other
and with foreigners ; and if they obtained the applause and
commendation of their fellow•citizens, tha should suffice,
end he fully believed would euffice, without any incentive In
prises. (ILar ) As to the expense of transmitting the more
cumbrous specimens of manufactures, ha was confident that
the rail a nye,which gave every facility for forwarding the larger
implements, &0., or husbandry to the agricultural =owe,
wool/ afford equal facilities to our manutacturen. (Hear,
hear.) He regarded this enterprise as calculated to exhi•
bit, in • very extraordinary point of view, the manufactures
of bis country, manufactures which he firmly believed had
no reason to fear the competition of any nation under the
sun. (Hear, hear./ Oof word, before he sat down i";the
East India Company bad mat generously promised to exhi-
bit specimens of ell the products of India ; let him solicit,
among other things, specimens of the clays of China and of
Madras, he was satisfied that the specimens would lead to a
very considerable importation of the article.
The resolutioe was agreed to.
The thanks of the meeting having been given to the Lord
Mayor, and acknowledged, the proceedings terminated.

PARLIAMENTARY
AND FINANCIAL REFORM

MEETINU_A'r ABERDEEN.
-
:11.11141tDBEN,ITVP.SDAT MOUNINO.
Decidedly the largest, the most enthusiastic, sit
the most important meeting which has been held in Ab:r-
deen for a long time, was held at the Union Hall here on
Monday night in support of the principles of the Metropo-
litan Parliamentary and Financial Reform Atisocia•ion. The
hall, which is the largest in the town, was crammed, althou3l3
the whole of the seats had been removed from the centre of
the building with the view of accommodating a larger num-
ber than could have foundoest-room. Toere could not have
been fewer than 2,000 persons present ; probably the num-
ber was much larger ; and throughout the whole of the
proceedings the utmost unanimity and attention prevailed.
Sir Joshua Walnialey, M.P. for Bolton; George Thomp-
son, Esq., M.P. ; and Mr. Coniughum, late candidate for
the representation of Brighton, and a member of the coun-
cil, attended as a deputation from toe Metropoli-
tan Association. Feargus O'Connor, Esq., M.P., was also
present. The deputation WAS received on entering the hall
with loud applause, though from the density of the crowd
which had filled the room before the hour of meeting much
difficulty was experienced on their part in reaching the
platform.
Mr. J. MACPHERSON, comb-maker, having been called
to the chair., introduced the business of the meeling, and this
deputation., ti
• •
Mr. WILSON said the resolution which he bad to propel*
assumed that the present House of Commons required re-
lurmation. In proof of this, Mr. Wilson preemie° to state
the well-kuowa statistics of the constitution of the House of
Commons, its extension and intimate connezion with the
aristocracy, and the small number of members who are not
interested in keeping things as they are. Such being the
jr-ehon of the House of Commons would anyone at-
tempt to say that it
,reprternted the peo, le of Eng-
land He moved:
."f nat this meeting apyrovce of the National Parliamen-
tsry and Financial ltslorm Association, believing that it the
objects cone *plated by that organisation be realised, the
people will ultimately be tally, fairly, and freely represented
in parliament."
And uncluded by stating that he adopted the association
is the means to an end. The people would never be fairly,
freely, and fully reprssented till every citis%n, twenty-one
years of age, wee in possession of the elective franchise. (Loud
cheering.)
Mr. GEORGE SMART, a working-man, cordially se-
conded the resolution, which was carried by acclamation.

Mr. HUTCHISON moved
" That as the middle and working clause are equally inte-
rested in the adoption of just prineiples aed in the attain-
ment of good end cheap government,eie earnestly recommend
a cordial union of the two great chime', for such a me.sure of
reform as will secure the full rights of both classes, and
rcalite these else:rabic objecia."
The simple fact that one fortieth of the people of this
nation 'toted at present make laws for the other thirty-nine
fortieths was weightier then a whole volume of abstract
pleading. It was at once reasonable, just, and desirable that
the franchise be extended, but the present movement con
templated another object—an object to which he attached
much importance—the union of tie middle and working
classes in working out this reform. elleu, hear.) He knew
not a greater evil than that which had so long festered
amongst them, in consequence of the brad line of demote
estion which had been drawn between one C 1.04
and another in this country. (" Hear, hear," and ap-
plause.) They had heard much of the evils of cute to
India, but let them look at home, where each class kept
creeping into its own call anti looking out with distrust and
mienation on the other.
Mr. DAVID WEIGHT, a working man, seconded the
resolution. He was of opinion that the middle and
working classes had been hitherto mutually too severe on
each other ; and that, in cyder to atone for the errors of
the past, they should endeavour to amend for the future.
(Applause.)
Mr. DAVID DEANS, a working man, moved the next
resolution :
" That as a means to effect this desirable union, we cor-
dially approve of the national conference of reformers about
to be caked by toe National Parliamentary and Financial
Iteform Association, and resolve to send delegates thereto to
represent the middle and working Muses of this city."
He briefly supported the resolution, which was seconded
by Mr. W. LTNDY, end unanimously passed.
Sir JOSHUA WALMSLEY, M.P. was then intro.
duce& by the chairmen, and received with loud applause. He
congratulated himself and the chairman on the very mime
roes and highly Intelligent meeting which bad assembled be-
fore them. The association sought ouch an extension of the
franchise as weuld give to every adult man, who is an occu-
Pier, or partoctupier, of a tenement, for. which he shall
have cldmed to be rated fa the relief of the poor.
a right to be registered as an elector. (Applause.)
It was their wish to secure one simple fair principle of regis-
tration, but in the meantime they must adopt some specific
plan to enable them to carry out the object. proposed. It
was to be remembered that they had now to deal with those
pose aid of the eh ctive franchise, and who were prejudiced
molest the enfruchlsemeet of the working classes. It was
very well for gentlemen to say, " We are tor ui lease' suf-
frage, and we will take noth.ng lets;" but the time when
this principle was acted upon had now gone by—(hear,
hear)—thanks to the men of Aberdeen fir joining banes
with the middle classes, and woe to the man who attempted
to interfere with their friendly intercourse. (Loud
applause.) The Parliamentary and Financial Associa-
tion aimed at thou ends wnich, though perhaps not
the most desirable, were yet easiest of attainmeut, and he
congratulated the inhabitants of Aberdeen on the.r
determination to aid in the straggle. In the Anti-
cern Law League the bankers and great merchants
only came in when the movement became fashionable, and so
would it be in the permit case. (lieu.) Again, what had the
Scottish c anstituenefee el the amiss that the county qualificatinn
was fixed at 101.,while that of Blighted was axed at 40e. ? Was
it that the Englishmen had so much more intelligence, that
wish 40.. he ?s to ho preferred to • filmitchnian with
9/. 19s. 11d. ? The House of Lords, it had been well said,
reprmatts the oligarchy ; and the MOWN of Commons re.
preemie the House of Lords. (Hi ar, hear.) Where, thin,
were the rs-pres,ntasives of the people ? They were to be
teen in toe lobbies of the House of Commons seldom ex.
medieg 80 end wiener some eight or tea. and OUT over-
whelmed by the Wens of the arit.ecreey. Look at same of
the returns of last isenien, and bulk:lent proof of this would
ho fog td. Upon Mr. C.ilidetie m0:1011 far a reduction of
ten millions from the national expenditure (which it wculd
be remembered had iacreased fifteen millions since 1834),
whet was the reply? A majority egging of 275 to 7
(Ileardiear.) Mr. Hunse's motion for the very 'Morriss

they were now advccatiog, was negatived by 268 to 82.
Mr. Berkeley's motion in favour of the ballot was loot
by 136 to 85, and when Mr. O'Connor brought forward his
motion in' favour of the charter the numbers were
224 to 16. (Hear, hear.) In conclusion, the henour-
able gentleman said Gentlemen, this is my first
visit to Scotland. (Loud cheers.) I hope it will not
be the last. (Cheers.) Though I oanuot expect my
present vocation to continue long, still it will last for a time,
and if unman, I will visit every borough In Seetlane,
England and Ireland, ratiter than that this movement should
fail. (Loud applause.) I have seen in coming through yesur
watery the manner in which your land is tilled, sad it is
certainly superior to anything that I bine seen in England,
except in small patches. (Hear, hear.) We are proud, as
Englishmen, of our soil ; you may well then be proud of
your men u Scotehmen. Gentlemen, it is to Seotehmen that
I now appeal—l appeal to the real energy and determined
perseverance, which has enabled you to cultivate many
barren soils, and to mass the wilderness blossom like the
roes. I appeal to you to carry out, on the same
principles, the great, the good, and the just cause
for which we are associated. (Loud applause.) Let a
voice go forth from the men I see le,fore me through
the length and breadth of the land, and if you speak, as I
know you will, and in every way exert yourselves in seleig
and promoting tbis movement, it cannot be tong withheld.
(Applause.) Gentlemen, I feel that I have taken up to
much of your time—(" No, no," and applause)—especially
as there arc others to address you more ecquent than myself.
I pretend to no eloquence, but simply to all honest, earned,
bun determination to carry this measure, come what may,
and with your good aid we will carry it. (Loud and continued
cheering.)
FEARGUS O'CONNOR, Esq., M.P., expressed his gra-
tification at seeing the present union of all classes inaugurated
in Aberdeen. This was a national and not • local matter.
At some length, Mr. O'Connor proceeded to urge the news-
lily of calm and combined effort, and the fully of phyteicel-
tome revolutions, detailing his own exertions in the cause.
The hen. gentleman concluded amidst loud cheering.
Mr. CONINGHAM briefly addressed too meeting, de-
claring, as a representative of the middle class, that there
was a cordial disposition on the part of that class to join the
working classes in • peaceful constitutional agitation for
reform.
I Mr. G. THOMPSON, M.P., expressed his happiness to
meet with so large an assemblage of the inhabitants or
Aberdeen, in Union Hall—no name could be more appro-
priate. (Applause.) He hoped that a union would be cousum-
, mated that night which would be lasting and effitient, so
far as it depended upon themselves to cement, maintain, and
perpetuate it ; that they would every one endeavour by hear-
ing and forbearing, by forgetting and forgiving, by mutually
burying the hatchet of discord end cultivating acquaintance-
ship with their fellow man, like tie man who sealed the hill
in the mist to his brother, they would then leernte rec.:lone
every man in society whatever the grade or distinction
which conventionally might sep . him in the various
walks of life from his fellow as a brother, accessitle to rea-
son, susceptible above ail things of kindness, to he conquered
by love though he could nut be successfully aseailed
by violence, thus achieving a victory over the
uuderstandnier, and disarmirg their elk poneets by
the conciliation and kindness of their cenduct.
After seine other remarka the hen. gentleman said there
were douttless in every borough, and even in nomination
I boroughs, many independent electors, hut in the latter class
Were was always • floating mad of needy, greedy men, who
ware easily bought over—the man who bribed teem being
undoubtedly worse than themselves. (Hear, henr.) He
thought that the few men who had stepped forward on
behalf of this movement were entitled to all credit. They
were middle class men, and es tuck were ponewed of the
elective franchise. By remaining in their places in the
House of Commons, and honestly vetiog for reform, they
stied obtain a large amount of popularity, go back to
their constituencies, and be returned again. But there
men were net coot. ht to remain thus. They had
found themselves tot two years in a minority, end
all their attempts to accomplish EOlllO good vain.
If an agitation could be got up for the reduction of public
expenditure such as they wore endeavouring to raise ter the
entire reconstruction of the house, they might carry it ; but
it would only be a false and deceptive reduction, for those
who gain by the present system would take care to do to
also under the altered system, lessening the hunlea upon
their ems stoulders ; and the tame amount of catmint and
public opinion that would be necessary to effect a partial
reform would probably suffice for an entire altei when et the
representative system, and this, he confessed, was the
sum/mon thnium of his desire. In his opinion a more
obviously reasonable and mud document than the
peoplees charter never was prepared ; but they did
not take it up and say, "We go ter this slut fer
nothing else," *imply because they would thus defeat the
end they had in view. There was too great a respect tor
junta, order, and propriety aumniest the walking el.-sais,
for any uoju-t demand or scheme finding favour in their
eyes; and if it were found, that on the attainment of the
maim*, proposed by the association, more were still
due, It would be in the power of the electors to
give it. (Applause.) hew soon they oetained this
would depend entirely upon themselves—they would
get it as soon as they deserved it, and they
must prove their deserts by the it conduct. It would bo
im-
possible to carry the people chug with the movement mikes
they had full confilence on the sincerity of the promoters of
the association. lie had all coati 'euee in the mine:tees of
the motives and the sincerity of the intoetions of the men
who originated this movement, and it remained to be seen
whether they ware to be backed and supported with suffi-
cient energy by the working classes of the country. Inas-
much as the olive branch had th it night been held out and
accepted, let them, by renunciation tor ever of
all excessive and violent mantes, by • friendly
demeanour towards those who may fur a time
differ in opinion, endeavour to win over their oppebents,
to their cause sue the day of its attainment, as well ;411 of re-
conciliation, would not he far distant. lle knew :hat there
were, in the working as in all other classes, eicious eh mints
—but he would have these vicious element. aborberl into
the general mad which was upon the whole seeped. Give
the people all that in justice they demai.d, and it would be
found that the preening turbulence would diumear.
(Hear, hear.) He could tot blame the people, cr at least he
could not be weevere upon them for their indiscreet conduct
while being refused those rights which they se justly chains.
The hon. geutlersan proceeded to urge the meeting to
strenuous exertion on behalf of the associetion, and said
that even in the ensuing session of parliament he teemed
that they would be able to present a comelidated trout to
parliament. The great majority of the House of CernMo7:ll
thought that there was no fear so Lang as
there were only some 80 en the one side and
800 on the other Oa coming into the house imtua-
thately after the division on Mr. Hume's notion, a noble
lord said to him (Mr. The nipsoo), "Well, Thome, or , I
think we have muzzled you for ever tonight." (Latiehter.)
That was the feeling of an aristocrat in the mutter. But had
he been wise, be would have looked not to the bore number
of the division, but to the conatituantita represented in the
minority and majority, and an important comparative pre.
ponderance would be found in favour of the former. (Ap-
plause.) Let them, therefore, dine for en apportionment
of representation to population,—arid what then ? why then
the ministers would he compelled to go on, for they would
have to appeal to popular constituencies. Sir John Hob-
house was kicked out in Nottingham, but in he came for the
pure virgin Harwich. (Leughte r.) And Benjamin Hawes,
in a 'amine plight, rode in upon Kindle; so that ministers
were thus virtually irresp msati!e. (Hear.) The hon. gen-
tleman concluded with a few turthsr observations wiliest
loud applause.
Mr. JAMES GORDON proposed the appointment of a
committee to cony out the spirit of the revolutions, which
was unanitnaudy adopt d.
Councillor DIACALLAN moved a carcial vote of thanks to
the deputati' n, which was seconded by Mr.
and vociferously reseonded to.
Sir JOSHUA WALIISLEY appropriately returned
thanks, and proposed a vote of thanks w the chairman, which
was seconded by Mr. O'Cuesoa, and carried by Indenta-
tion, and suitably responded to; after which the meeting
broke up, the interest of the meeting having been kept up
untiringly for about three and a half hours.
It was announced that a fruit soiree would be held to-
night, when actual business arrangements in connection with
the formation of a local branch association will be more ley
entered upon.

THE LATE FATAL OCCURRENCE IN PIMLICO:.
Yesterday a eubecviption of twopence each was entered iuto
by the private cous.ablee of the polic to waist the widow of
Walsb, the policeman who lost his lile in the sewer id Pim-
lico. Toe sum thus raised, it is presumed, will amount to
about 301. It is also prepoted to open a public subscrip-
tion for Mn. Wells, whose husband perished on the same
occasion.
NEW COLLIERY AT INCE, NEAR WIGAN.—A
respondent of the Manchester Entwine, says: On W,lncs-
day last, the 10th inst., the Ince Hall Coal and Cannel Com-
pany reached the Kara of coal known as the Orrel Or At ley
mine in their deep winning at Ince. The shaft in which it
I wee found is 414 yords, in perpendicular depth, from tho
surface, being the deepest in the neighbourhood of Wigan.
No boring had been previously made, so the undertaking was
commenced on mero geological and mining date. Lefore
starting, the depth at which the coal would be met with was
estimated at 415 yards, and its thickness at 4 feet G inches.
The results are that the coal is only 414 yards in depth, and
the thickness just about 4 feet 6 inches, thus showing that
geological end mining knowledge have arrived at something
more than mere guesses. The roof of the seam is one of the
best in Lancashire. In quality the bed is second to none, rig
a howie-Me coal, in this country, nod it lies perfectly 4ry let
an inclination of lin 9. It extends under about 60J statute
acres of land, all well proved, belonging to the compass', 7,0
it is most likely destined to afford emple,ment to a great
number of miners for the next sixty years. Tare following
short history of the operations in winning the coal may not
be uninteresting to those who are unacquainted with the
time oceepisil in getting down to a deep coal. On the ith
of Augut, 1847, the first sod was dug on the surface, and
two shafts of 10 feet 6 inches in diameter commenced.
These were proceeded with until the river Douglas utifor-
innately broke into the neighbouring colliernx, on the
• Ist of December following. The works, owing to this
accident, were atispeeded until the 4th of January, 1848.
Tjuhsey. winerethethnenmereystiemare,d4hanead.cuouttihneruestuppaintilet 22nd of
,
which delayed the sinkas until the 22nd of Rapist, 1818.
From the list named time to the 10th of October, 1841, no
interruption in the workings occurred ; so two years soil two
• months within three days were oceuelid in sinking the 414
yards of strata, a coneiderahle portion of It sendstene rock.
I Each shalt contains a eating of cast iron " tubbing," of lit
i of an inch in thickness, to the depth of 110 yards Mom the
i guriaC!, so as to dam Out tile water in the old mines allure.
l The wining engine a a high-pressure one of 17o.hirre
i parr, and calculated to raise one ton of coal p:r minute to
tee surface, when the pits arc fitted up with the improud
conductors and cages.

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