The Express.
London, England, 1849-01-03 00:00:00

THE EXPRESS, WEDNESDAY EVENING, JANUARY 8, 1849.

la the habit of defog. Verdi* of " &aides
sir --vows 'Vey,* Is both 411M81011,1011.:
r.
ROBERT OFurza THEx
RAILWAY.ON THE GREAT
w
A miss d robberies of the nom extraordiner y mid
ei 4110111.161, were pilir_ressa 0, tow "
sea
down
1170--wwwieg
atit W way during the
Ilegi:igtgeleg ?Imes* Hut 36jiso., god 'War
r• kss ,ea . althea 81awatar at its testi
hier_anwpistd g At thh *aimpoet
miens bags et
width env la the
oop 'Mee &flag
is airese&swe the usu eos oaf the
ia with
*** i****tilfral
et rear
lowd•
a offiess awl swan* baba sp. insw
own antis saki= to the Fashiellise area tower
mowed *gait, els eir WM !net sod eitteadaseiw6 arrives,
ite Jamey
e1:2"4.15e roe Wilma lbw tea plasm Wag tined
• wow dee bear sea lea miasma without at any
plum Os the anent et the we* at limey he.
pppaiptis, the wood went to the tender is the rear ef
ow pispiglee, le eider to deliver the Wall bags,
who he Resew* that all the begs had bees more
w bes warted with, some at apes sod ethers
boll she snit brains and Map *tie& • es
▪ maedaatire 41 their temleide sodded sin that a
▪ wrestpad regime ad hams, ea weU as the beehere•
idestah led bus altateased, sad without a masse* lee of
bee he eallauoirseed, hid, with the two Rawl.
pis Mies *eke seemposylag the mail, and sub.
wpm* with the 1004111 bi authorities at Bristel.
FL— memo eseesiewsi aureate amelsesedea
; the gas* wee 'twee pollee the begs
wow eaA elms the trela Wit Dridgwetat, owl as we *pm,
lei lobo spllwaes between dose Sewn and the shy of &heel, It
tens seweridnet that the rehiary most helve hewn effseted by
moss psalm * the Inia. and wilds M mein sae-
• Wier • Oter 11111110.11111' sessubstiew, it was essolved to
sad the smospellwa hogs es is Limas la the Nate I.
OM the earl hodl diesseared thew; esd seesrdlogly the
was ;eft Rigel es Ili upwind jemmy ghee s tray sled
Ate Os mashies tem sa mole beree poshwiley men.
leg
rpm rpossegull ihsPestoelise, la AA Ilestiewie.
grad, sal wade a ',pert et the eiesowsloosee
Apes &lONA The Irises logs wen istweelistaly
Zto esstelaatka, she. it wee &sad that sot
it the whet* sit the ragiseered lemma sad beakers'
reds hoesebnwhistel, bat is sews ems the "
ebis• sa regiWored Wen Mid nimble Maps eme ea-
eau, Ilfri do shim that it is at presses sible to
say bow is the pleader bee erseaded. As • twessatisawy
saran, ishiewstiset wee forwarded by the Post-eillee an-
Unities to the wises City kakis( liweess, so that • shack
shill be pet tapesthe disposal of the wassate of the **a
Mora At she wow time aides weatwee wets whoa is
saw is stink • she to the &predawn, sad as the
stem of fate twirsiag Mr. &mew Clarke, Bsperiatemdent
sf ibi Area Western Railway, in compaay with two or
Wei Ask& or the Po.t-otlin, left Paddington for Bristol,
Is mkt se instigate the affair.
Is the adeirsess, sad while Cul. Maberly was en-
greed with wand of hie Olsen on matters connected with
lb. above affair, ialoemation reached town of • wend
robbery—Freeway similar in character—perpetrated as the
tows oat whisk lett London at 8.53 p.m. on the mime
ensue. la this we the begs departed is the tender were
psnetly safe ea the arrival of the train at Bristol at •
pest we ma. Oa the tender being opened at
wratrr, • setae similar to that previously observed at
Bristol pneented Wolf. All the begs were awn or kr in-
sawed sad distszbed. sad the wore valuable 11011tIrlitS ab.
imaated therein* Happily is this annum the vigilante
tif the penis la situp of the trala resulted is the capture of
the supposed thieves ; sad there mesas great reuses to be-
lieve that the persons who of the in robbery were
she the perpetrates el the 'need.
The parties alluded to are two new of 'appealable appear-
s/tee, both of wheat travelled in a Ant date deffUlfe, many-
lag the seat compartment to the Posaeillee wader. Their
implisatioa in the au" is plead boned all manner of
doubt by the discovery of several twittered letters sad
nosey petrels is the carries, he whisk they auk. Name.
diawly apes shah appraised's they were conateed to
Enter, where they an to be breaght up for examinatlea
beer, the magistrates this morning.
The presumption now entertained by than best eaten.
bled to farm an opinion is that both robberies were efftcted
Is the same manner, viz , by parties who rode in a tirsteleas
outage first osetriviag to occupy the seat compartment to
the post oflice tender, and siesitquently, when the train was
liotiaa, at the imminent risk t,f thew lives, leaving their
carriage and 'teepees at once on to the wader, and then to
'ening the narrow ledge running aloes that carriage until
they came to the dose, whin there to be little doubt they
wen previously prepared to mak*. This done, there acid.'
be little difficulty to oversaw The tender is always well
lighted by a hump endisd frees the centre of the roof, and
having once obtained entrance an aspen thief would
speedily sbsiracit the booty.
The intsualtees of the second 'lnbar?, immediately
following upon the ant, is incoaspreheesible. It mu
only be described as one of those short-ghted ado by
which offenders against the law very often Wsiag thnuelves
within its meshes. Had the thieves known, as is the
Act, that the same two post-eilices el, rite who travel with the
up mail to Bristol return with the down mail to Bride-
water, probably they would have bees content with their
first plunder, and eseepsd for some time, at least, with impu-
nity.
Dotbtless, is future, if the bags from the Poet-office must
continue to be pined is • tender, a guard will be ap-
pointed to travel will them.

PROGRESS OF THE MI )VEMF.NT IN FAVOUR

OF ARBITRATION.

The Peace Congress m tToininTitee line been specially
devoting its *partite for the last Neon* te the task of calling
the attention, and enlisting the symteltdey et the pohlic
mind on the subject of internadend Moths of arbitration,
which is to be introduced into the Ream el Columns by
Er. Cobden emit is the seethe of parliament.
By eroombig feMillgemee the nesdiems of the press,
by extezAve-esevespendenee with their Meads in all parte of
the couetry—by emeamnieation with various religious and
other Massada bedies—by convening public meetings in
many of the large provincial towns—by the formation of
Meal winery committees, and by all other avMleble means,
they lam been dill tently wedeln" to aceomplish this object.
Aid we are happy to my that the success which attended
their oasts has ezeiseded their meet sanguine expewations.
Everywhere have their overtures been welcomed, not only
with asafaleses, but with medial sathesimas. All the
ereptonse famerable, sad set the least so is the fact
tem ths /Taw has hem again vehemently sneering,
and infkalging as Is be wont fa Wont neentation end
ahem.

We regret Rod ear epees will not permit as to give say.
thin Ike a detailed report of the splendid series of meetings
that have been held in the province*. All that we can do :s
to present our readers with • rommieneed biatorical eumaq
N these remarkable galleries% which certathly have ether
been surp•mesd, in numben and estlommiasm, by any theme
in of master ever rearmed in this country. Kr. Burnt'
and Mr. Richard, r a deputation from the Peace Congress
committee, visited singly or jointly the Sollowiag towns :
Warrington, Rochdale, Boltho, Priem, Liverpool, Stock-
port, and Newark.
At Warrington the meeting was held on Friday, Dee. 8,
the mayor la the chair. The attendance was very larp,
eel the belie& that pervaded the assembly moms manshotory
end eneouregiag. A petition to parliament is favour of
mrbitratice wee imanimously adopted. sad • stem depute-
tio• appointed cm the spot to wait upon the member for the
bathed to requite him to support Mr. Colette's modem.
At Rochdale the Teape,e.ee Hall wee well Ailed. Mr.
Lahr Petrie teak the eAatr, euppored by Mr. lamb &heist,
Mr Heavy Rion, Rev. Mi. Paredee, Rev. Kr. Brown, Rev.
D. Remits, eel other lairsada iestlesea. Two heeds
Gam Ileaskaster, Kern. /army sad Noire, larded sad
addrerid the resting sad Or Kern. Darnel mad
Masa bed spokes,* prides der sehltratics was We she
adopted wither it Missureg odes.
At Behr the sorra irk lira is the large Temperas.
Hall, whirs wee areal paiatwish • Ares redraft, issuP
le lama weeklies theagli kradrode d
le sued MAK the whaledna. they Menawith the tart
prier mad freakiest sateama, wither betraying the
slightest raster el saseelases, netwithateading that tha
wen pretressed to • use roar el the eveshig.
Cemeetiliave:res tam by J. Ragweed, ys ,wed the rasa-
straw ter the liorergh ; wd ea the OWsr. at were Mr.
Heavy Mammoth, Mr. Ursa& Askwsrlb, Mr. Themes
Thomases, sad may lens Wit craws sad mss et
the sews, erverel of when sildromed the seesdag very ably
sad efeedvely. ;At the oieee • werkimpome restasseed per-
mission to speak, whir he did with sasearea tut, shrewd-
thee, eat beau sr. A War was mai ham Dr. Dowries.
the somber kw the betook ezpreriai his warn approval
ef the weer; sad she polities was adopted with peat
istlcasimea. _ _ _

of the 11111•ftd
_i!routou the ibilowthe asothat is itheo
is the Praha Ovarrhostos s istrodostios to • vim Nor
thesad 'Worsts report et Oft " ths Weir
try imolai Isit, • pistil ma keld;— to the Prima&
tiestlstiotass, Primps', to • &potation troth the
• Casualties W the Pease Onions; oraWiting of Pis.
EMU Ben*. teeth AMMON sod the Her. Hoary Niabarolo
Loodaa. lha.bjsstal the raesilai was ass only so Wilms
literalism ia tits pessat pedals of WM 11110•11•11 Me
but she to take swam tar esoorthe ribbitdsy=
lid support I. home it • meats Niel
Een,, W.P., ass underfelts to lath" ihstrasi to the Sets
of Cosmos ea as ady day is Nth satilso is ithear al
srlitratiso Maths Wino &shod and Ns* othatriss,
Wolin thin Is ass of ag. sito
mama itimaisthindlos re-
* Ws. Idlest math si to soldtholsos, *se of
lb* athastl. seedy, aid soblorsorat of areal.
By smell o'clock, the both for the prthoodthas to
t'eUlienc amsativehooso was tompis theertial,
'wen aia. &tin awl sthailisiyhos oroapisd,
sad to the *dim as • othostpast pssisi teen to to Imo
tied thialststs of th• Osupd of embus diassoloalbos it the
town, ea& ether paissra of dame shahs of sellgios sad
Patt Ws thissessol lbst many moro tisoble *pia
sdniie.ttaase, sad there moth loth bona at het UN pastas
meat, so that the 'ensostrathos was is every reaLrot •
powerful sad • coms. W. WithoWthersthe._
_

of talkno
, was called to tho chair about half-pist
nevem o'cloek."
L • hiding artielo, is the thaw paper, mitten with
great earaestnese and the editor age Ws bath
Vous in living to-day a report ot the Slotting Mid IS
'mined*, swab* last la this tows, for the adwoonsy of
yews principles. The sowthent, of whisk this =soda; is
aa incident, has eertaialy been extensively ridiculed as the
/wide or a few weak-nerred, sentimental, sad agewthato
to.bire ; but to our mind it appean to involve principles of
the an at manly end rational character, sod to compage an
ohj.tt of the most stupendous importance. Tha estahlah-
Meat of pate throughout the world may be pronounced

dlismied by those Idle VOlid nage gesg upon
Mite then rely en the totemitt the kunst tem
TbedidMielimg of souks Ms lowhassrail teby millitest
MIN* she am opposed eat of the
**Mew shairsos efinflitery glory. CteWeVerigilbs.
=Le Li ra•
ssitte g:tr pa se
of
ft Ma mho Joebast wee ' and Am wales human of the
bloody pits: lierailislhe Seedy imam of se=men elms
Waled *the glom el oseventeel oodles ; and ..per be them who hove to gram end doily to= the
Eatof wears, the **es we have se
of bream hope sod woes ."
mfdse to the nodes for the Ito ud e speistosetismel
treedee`the webs oils: " Now we en gales to
see this Amp gad tetkasel estititete tot vim at mid
seedummed by in Chrietise lesbians. Mr. Cables ell
be derided. .sand, Welted, wises be ambmits his ph% end
the .ward will be sepia vivacious la the sonele. Nit
s_is,, it mot ultimately some to this; foe the good seem
end humanity of the notice, no lees thee be seems sulbriegs
Orem war taxidee, will incise a sembined ommessense
eVetetqltreal.momei"
see held is the Omelet ;
Wand nothbe:e, Bet Presidium it the Pesos
Bede% end oat of the Hest benevoleet sad of
boson Wage, leek the shah. Mr. Bunks dammed his
imam is the " Otogrese of Madams," which, though hem
the notiee et the WOOS a grave and elaborate dbemisities,
Sabun made the feelings of an audilafftory, was
isialion web leinssobent with deep mad 1111 f Jawed
after whill No. Eased oilmeseil the as.etii -and wbs
;
ts
M Wend es end hostel attack made a few
days befes es Mr. Hurritt Is the Thom the salmi rom
is • body sod timed with the sweat enthusiasm
The massing at fieseitgress Mid hi the Lysees, sad
is sass demeitied by the likewary : On Friday
hut, • nosing was of **Lynam, to sup-
liPsolielle. Conlin in hi. peopeesd modon le the home
with regard to the army and stay esimatee, and the Litre
dustbin of arbitration slams fete ell fturo international
treatise. Ilse doors were sowded long before the time an.
alawstiod hr the oesemomesmomi et the sestina, sod there
wen may ladies es the platesem, and on the maned seas
At mg the vististess, we nodsed is the reserved seats Sir
l'emdlebery, Let., Cheeks Hodson, Esq., Ralow,
Men UseryiraClospumea, Lg., Ulna Oldham, Req.,
11serwshill, Thaw lelsign• Zs., Meson. Hien
belbam, 0. Old , and H. Jaime:. A far miaow after
swam Vela& &histamine's, James Kershaw, Bin , our so-
representative in podium's% ems upon**
it plat-
sad was remind with Marty applause, which had
distil away Wore the berme& Asmeitten, Mr. War
B tt„ caused itto be repeated. Nearly the whole sadism
rose and expressed their welcome to the man of pens and
uaivenal brotherhood, by the most outhusiestic manifest&
dm of eeogratulation. llr. Kershaw took the chair, and
was supported by the Rev. H. Richard, the Secretary of 'be
Pens Society ma his right, and by Mr. Rhin. Burns on his
left. At this ease the whole body of the hall was crowded
by a awing sadism."
The editor of the above paper, who we rejoice to fay is a
thoruuich-going advocate of peace principles, says, to • lead-
ing article devoted to the subject "No reasonable man
could have listened to the speeches of Mr. Burritt or Mr.
Richard at the meeting at the Lyceum on Friday evening
last, and which ore repxted fully in another column, with-
out at leamedmittiog Mere is seem necessity for rotors in
our naval sad yssay expenditere, if we hope ever to be
relieved fess our esormous taxation. In thus one depart-
ment of our wasteful public expenditure we can OM as
math as the boom tax, no to and coffee tax, and the
wiadow tax, sad the paper tax, all put tarther, by simply
spring to abide by the- decision of justice, nand of se
sortingro to the itity wt. Peat aperient* has already
i that as disputes dilation es as of individuals,
cen be decided by ertsitamios, and therefore ignorant* alone
San Ball it espies."
At Newark the meeting was held in the school-room,
adjoining the ladspeadent chapel, and, though not so
numerously anandsd as than already described, it wee in
all other negissas equally satisfactory. The Ha. Mr.
Greedy. the WON minister, and • minister of the Wesleyan
Assesisdes, woes proment, and addressed the manias very
ably and momarly es the close of Mr. Richard's lecture,.
In addition to the more public emanWagee, the deputa-
tion, in most of the above places, met • 'member of the
friends of peace afterwards is pinto cosines, and organ.
Wed local auxiliary eommittem with • view to diffuse kW-
mans', to apply Lar subeeriptiess, end to proems the work
is the adjacent towns and villages, which the deputatioa
were usable personally to 'visit, sad, unless we are greatly
Masks), ths men who have bonded thanalve. together for
this purpose ars sot likely to let the subject dip through
their hands.

Mr. Burritt and lir. Stokes have also visited Shrewsbury
and Chester, bat we have not yet received their report,
beyond a general intimation that there, ea everywuere else,
the attmdmice has been very large, and the sentiments
uttered by the speakers were most heartily reepoad,d to.
Mr. Joseph Warp, of Birmingham, and Mr. Samuel
Bowl of Olorioseter, having undertaken to hold a series of
is the midland counties, we subjoin with great
rleesure the following very cheering account of the enema
which has attended their labours at the outset of their
auras.

In the course of Ilast week public meetings were held in
Coventry, Nottiogham, Leicester, Derby, and Worcester, to
consider the propriety of supporting Mr. Cohdemes intended
motion in pm:lamest in favour of negotiating treaties
with the various governments of the world, for
submitting to arbitration all future misunderstand-
op or disputes between PK& other, instead of
appeallig to hires of arms. Mr. Joseph fiturge, of Bir-
mingham, and Mr. 8. Bowly, of Gloucester, attend( d the
miming as a deputation, to explain the objects of the pre•
sent movement, and they pointed out by tacta and figures
the ruinous =policy of the present military system, calling
special attention to the rapid increase of the expenses for
its support during the last few yean, notwithstanding the
continuance of almost uninterrupted peace. The deputa-
tion also Bather explained to the meeting their own views
of the glaring inoessistency of all war with the
and genius of Christianity, in which a large port/oar:ft
audience appeared deeply to sympathies. The resolatioas
approving the sped& object of the meeting, Ms., the mpport
i Cobden's proposed motion, were in every ketones
passed with • unanimity and cathedra quite =ex-
pected, proving mast clearly the deep interest which the
people feel in this great national question, and their deter-
mination to rid themselves of so incon•iderable portion of
that eneresom bunks of meatiest which his so long pressed
down the industry of the eaustry, not so much for the de-
fence of its shores as for the support of a systems by which a
host of the aristoency are maintained in comparative indo-
lence and luxury. sad thousands of its people demoralised
and degraded into mere machines for destruction.
The meeting at Nottinghsm was held in the Town-Nall, •
noble room, which was crowded to the very doors, sad the
misting was presided over by the mayor, who signed the
petition to parliament on its behalf. At Leicester the mayor
also took the chair, and both the members of the borough
attended the meeting and took part in the proceedings,
stating most unequivocally their determined= to support
Mr. Cubden's efforts to obtain, not only a more rational and
more economical mode of mall= national disputes, but also
his endeavours to out de= by some millions the present
ruinous amount of our national expenditure. At
the medal in Derby a letter wee read from
Lawrence sywortb, Beq , one of the members for
the borough, expressing hie regret that his engage-
ments would not admit of his attending the meeting, but
conveying the fullest assurance of his romps*, with the
object of it, and his determination to give Mr. Cobden hie
meet cordial support ia parliament. T. Bees, Esq., the other
member for the =rough, was present, end took part in the
proceedings. I. Mated =et though le was net prepared to
give up oar netimisl delsaam, or to adopt to the- full extent
the views of the depneaden as to all war, yet he ormoidered
the MIMMOSTO New proposed for the approbation of the meet-
*, was me manomable, and so pesetimil, that he thought it
and mast the approval of all benevolent moons, end be
=mid be met low_ to give it his moat cordial paella-
sappert- The meeting at Worcester was convened
liri riews-heß, by the mayor, at the request of a unser
tat and malt momembie body of requisitioaime, the chief
=;s
of the sky oesapyiag the chair. The meeting
prediesed • deep impression on a larmi and most
attentive =disuse. A latter was read from 0. Ricardo,
Beg., am of the neembem See the eity, stating that if he bad
reimived mei= net= el the mania& he Mould is all pro-
bability have been pretest.

PRACTICAL HINTS ON LAND DRAINAGE.
A Orempoliffest of the Agri mitsrmi Goodie mays :
Amos, other =Mem wear it irksome seesseW with
draimegs the MOW so be MOM- nolo
eselyosmoney vassintka:
11l As elides sad pink these an I. be preferred
thetas saran or Wes s:diet beret; is the en case they
are modern brittle, sad, being sestreeted in sire and twisted
is shape, do a duet that is irregular in farm sad asegsal
is rapacity; sad in the other they ere de Scent is strength
and dernitity. None that are really detective is elver
Ores should be admitted into the deal°, but discards.' at
mem es mmeding worm than reeks,. Pipes from the tile.
obi see shim food with their ends partially aimed by
pleas cabmen slay, which have bees posed into the ors
iiim by the manias In their massfeetare. Bon properly
=all to be removed while the pipes are lying on the
in the dryin shed ; bat as Ads, in many cases, is sot
metesdn to, the perms laying them in the drain meet
soda* sad remove the EOM boson letting them oat of his
kasis.
Tikes" pins ought not to be Mid down is say essaider-
eMe loth) in critter, being mei liable to be dectlyrl4
lath They imbibe water fro the doom oldie 7
off whesever even very moderate keel SWISS the water am,.
tZemi beeele them to pima ffeseatimes the Wary ve-
ehearesties, wed sty peso itself by the
:,
. up or the then at a distaste of time
being All messiah hoed of beret clay
to be kept dry when there Many chases of their being
to the iin of tract, whisk Is beet done by storing
Who mealy sp in large heaps, oaten be takes does WINS
witeiret A htw coveting of straw, Ito , to the hasp is still
es isememetent to their rate pressrvation. The system of
*deg strew, ferns, ta., over stases has bees idready con-
demned se wean than seam It is different, however, in
the amid tiles eel plpo where a little may be kind eer-
vissable he GOO( the weeer ts lad its way sloag the hen
of the solid material to the oak* of the joint. This may
sent the !renege in its pressas win, and, by the time that
the straw or ether solsfease begerms wood, proper cline-
esh for the possess ef the were he the j Ant will have been
estaklished by tie shrinhisi off formatioa of samaras
de•mes is the sobs&
I a preparingstoses for rubble drains they should inverisbly
be nano on the bins, aster in the deld,end vill kes in the
cain. Fat stone should always be moo fur WWII is mo-
dulo, and it large tuuud wawa empire be reduced t..; a de,
'treble silo and shape, they ought to b; left out. Toe chteks

•
gel 111.10 fir Wag a Nth bead, se they
• double; the 4 emilladt se skin h
de ,eidlll meshed hi de wades of the dab. They
be hated of so wdleteered somas as ma be bead.
anal, @MANI des* bit It was somewhere observed
that the masshis shed' be din the dials by a onefal,
trastepneem isailloyad wages ;se else might
havelson auMsd, ought the list spading of earth that is
tuned hi ft Peer dem. • Thee on ades, es well as pipes,
are very pi* dated er Abided. se this Ws. thev have
bed Ilesdeleg it the -laying, the retuning the
earth ever Alien implied* bedew with *outmost caution
sad as dies, ordalmaterheg, egessiseady get a littleo-
out of plate, they mut be adjusted beim the Shag h pr
ended with
demise the an ingl4:lo is ash, sehend.
They melte
be hr made bee, se as to thsm
some length SI berths I be a-fall hid ia limodth
lame dm the mama* width of the tile ; deal amid M be
mei@ Odder thaa it is meal to tasks them. et-
pledge arab, the binned ant thereby interred ea s
apt to
be P•dleste leek tie melt not le hs allowed to stead in the
way by Who lode to have die endelmbon of sompleh
in, au improvement that shall be abodes sad
Never put the aria drain into the INek *SM. Ids,
bat hasp it at bast Ave yards Whom k ; *ad if h whiled
wryestdie dila into a emend draia, let it be be the
dope of a osmersa rabble Mese drain, with oemelead out-
let into the main drain, If the sad levels will admit of
sunk. A draft of late will be bags: Is bete
reedared @bleeder Wadi.* ythe injurious ease of the
hedge rests them sty ether kind of drain. It is • dream-
sense of Wry elpeurrellee that aa outlet of sad
dent
itself helli dead bad into the died or oaddl within the
field Ude drawee ;in whisk saes, ankles the ditch
sae he suitably taereeed in depth, the outlet should be car-
ded under it, and bronglit out at a lower level in the field
below, the dud being Neared at Its mopes wader the
died waft from the added* of the same by a wooden
box or trouts. Tie mamas is often head in at-
complhhing the drainage of flatly 's' mile , aid
should not in such circumstances ite-assiselled to be taken
advantage of if available.
Outlets sad resin drains require not fitly to be
carried under a kedge or bank covered with WM, furze,
willows, in which ems the recta the pleats being very
apt to ekes up the duet, the utmost premeadseary mantra
should be mapoyed to provide whist ogistoward as event.
The slops thmegh de beak shedi, V peldble, be decided,
and the dust, of whatsoever mated* fawned, should be
made spasieem that it may endure the linger before finally
dodos up. Tile pipes are the most fitting material for the
purpose, bat as these often cannot be bad of saddest des,
a very good duet is formed by plating one line of nab drain
tiles on theft backs, sad another in reverse order over the.,
taking care to fix both firmly in their places. If eon
structed of stenos, the beacons should be paved, and the
cheeks and covers as clue as can be made. When the end
of the duct is exposed to the open aft, stones should be
used to form that part; for this reason, that tiles there
would suffer from the action of the frost; and this should
be observed as a general rule in respect to all drains. If
an inlet the attach should be protected by a grating
or other means against the admission of articles calculated
to obstruct the peasage ; an outlet end Is able to take care
of itself, provided attention is paid to keeping a clear
initial!. I mould consider the pipes manufactured by the
Part liundas Pottery Company, whichare made for bring
clued at the joint with cement, to be admirably adapted
for the purposesnow spoken of, and that though the cost
is greater than when common materials are employed, still
I have little doubt that ultimately it will be the lust. A
noels smeller duct will suffice at the first, and repairs or re-
newals will be comparatively unknown.
No islet to a currant of water should if poseible be allowed
into • drain from the land ; such curies down ithel lodges
rubbish in the duet. On this account an open furrow or
Barbee damsel ought to be stwEousiy kept flee passing
over or along tie coarse of covered deaths as It is scarcely
possible to prevent the water from breaking into the latter,
which is mash more likely to happen than meet people
would be inclined to believe.
_

After havieg effected tie drainage of retentive clays,
all posehlag of the soil should be stdiously avoids I u
formerly, Sr seek very readily destroys any porosity, it
pommies, sad prevents the bemelleial maim MO* drains.
Dimppointmsat at the result the drainage of such soils
we hear very generally caressed, but though from draining
the improvement Isere is lees than in more open mils, stile
parties have is too many instances thetas. Ins in a great
meemtre to blame for it. The proper season for their work.
tag must be observed, and whoever overlooks this will find
that the money expended in the drainage has bees laid out
to little purpose. We ought not to upset too iamb from
the improvement, which, particularly on sueb soils, will be
found to be in no semi* de re. proportionate to the treat-
met
mt subseqnsatly bestow on them, and never irrespective
of that treatment.

Considering drains/4 to be cue of the most important
subjects that can possibly engage the attention of mankind,
it is of the utmost consequence that the means by which it
is to be accomplished should be, not only clearly under-
✓eed, but carefully applied in affecting all the severs!
details of which its ope dons are constituted. That
it is a work attended with great cost is nadoubted,
and the only adequate corernestion for this insepa-
rable and very weighty accompaniment is, that
its effects should, as far as poseible, be rendered per-
manent. It le grievous to be under the necessity of witness-
ing, day after day, thousands span thousands eipounde, and
a waste of human strength proportionate, expended in •
manner having, so little regard for this very material and re-
&mien object ; expended on what must have but • very
transient exhumes, and even that so little satisfactory. Yet
such is the tacit, as all must admit, who are possessed of
observation or have experience on the subject. According to
the ordinary pectins, the greater pert of the draining seems
executed as if permaneccy were quite disregarded, as it to
serve only the present purpose, or at most the puree
of but a very limited space of time. New this is much
to he deplored ; for, not only does it act as a heavy diaper-
arconsett to the extension of drainage operations, but, es it
requires • larger annual rate of interest, while its efficiency
remains, to repay the original cent, such detracts
ceasider-
ably from the profits resulting from the improvement, and
forms • heavy additional drawback to its execution. Nor is
this all ; an ill-mewed drain se is ever ineficiest, never
seaterring the full amount of benefit its better execatiou
would have insured ; at no great lapse of time it mom to act
altogether after which it is not may masa, lint \ammo
positivelyinjurious, on amount of its arming resipisehi for
stagnant water that sours the land and renders it in reality
wetter than it was before.—.l. Duncan.

IRELAND.

DUBLIN, JAN. 2.
The county of Clare would seem ambitious this year
to renew its unenviable eminence. An announcement

in the local papers informs us that there are in the
county prison nearly 600 inmates, and the old year
closed with a murder as foul as any which has of late
so stained its annals. On the evening of the 31st of
December a man named Fitzgerald. who superin-
tended the drainage works on Sir David Roche', pro-
perty at Bernick, near Ennis, and who had that day
been engaged in paying the men employed, to the
number of fifty, was standing on the steps leading to
the door of hi house, when he was tired at by some
person evidently in wait for the purpose. The ball
entered his left side, and he almost immediately ex-
pired. The local papers tell us in addition to these
facts that the motives which could s this mur-
der are not even suspected. Sir David Roche is one
of the most popular politicians ; he was a repealer
in the south of Ireland, and, better still, he is a good
and employing landlord.
An Wand occurred yesterday in the corpora-
doe, which, coupled with a letter of Mr. John O'Con-
nell, in the Prionan's Journal, would tend to show
that all hope and intent of reviving the old agitation
for this repeal was not laid aside. Mr. O'Connell is
still persuaded that the salvation of the land depends
upon the movement which he directed. Alderman
Kilian, aprominent follower of the late Mr. O'Con-
nell, proclaimed yesterda in the corporation, in reply
to a Moat from Mr. Walker, a town councillor, that
repeal was net dead, neither did it sleep. What signs
of life it shall manifest we must await with patience.
Meantime Mr. O'Connell hex paid his year's anbeerip-
tion of W. to Coaciliation Hall.

Nor is Young Ireland without manifesting sym
toms of resuscitation. The IYeeman's Journal pulp.
Sallee this morning, " by express," the proceedings
consequent upon the inauguration of Dr. Cane, u
Mayor of Kilkenny, yesterday. The doctor has not
long been released from prison, where he lay under
the Habeas Corpus Suspension Mt. He was one of
the most prominent of the confederates. The pro-
medinp were not important or imposing. Bat they
show the temper of the time.

SCOTLAND.
SINGULAR EXPLOSION IN EDINBURGH.
On Saturday evening the inNsbitants of the High-
street, from the Tom Church to Si. were
alarmed by the leeml meet embed by ea which
Named to shake the Masse desee Is ONE and led
te the belief dm same of the temmear bad fallea. The
general sgpreheesisns entertained wave of a painful charm
ter; whlefi-were net removed when the sensequeness gad
roam of the enplesina were mmeihet.' Theasaident eseured
la the Higlgalrest, at the had of /11eskfriar'e•wyna, in a
realer issmealatety to fronted the peembes eseepleil by Mr.
J. Wright, shoe ..shat, sad Mr. 3. Stash, thamattle :.ad
the seem of the mamba is at preeent more a matter
of ecujestere than of aertaisty. The list Mika-
dos. of the oetarresse were a load report, el.
Lowed by the sadden aphesvieg of the women, some Meow
of whisk were thews is the air, end a dame deed of duet,
which at first egmeeled the latent of the explodes, partial-
last es that part el the street was involved ia complete
from the entiseities of the gaslights. The Mame
of the pavoaest felMsc into the ease, a Imp gulf was
feemea is the suest The cellar was in the preemion of
Mr. Sleek, sad the faros of the explosion was at one appa-
rent hem the maser is whisk the arek over the vault,
firmed of wahstaatlal inascary, bad been demoliamd. The
lastorials. tom/sting et acme, bum, sad rubbish, having
Ibeen throws together, • report was merest that some
persons had beta busied is the raids, in tentequenee
of which a number of labourers were set to work by

the flan to dear sway the rabbi*. The operation
Win Oillihnhod with greet vigour, to the preemie et
• large owed d egeennees, when eeziefg was ot the
meet dameription ; gibe thesuplimmtbent mem
had bees /moved, It one dtreevered that the megeeture was
Wen eml robin wee head either to show that injury had
been moored by any one, or to assent for the same of the
onlimies. The maps of the pamegers in that busy
thereighilms is almost mireeekee. ke, with the en
espies elm* alight womb ea the hoe metro& by a
wetrion mid a boy who were pea* at the time, m injury
was moodemed by the disastrous meat. beyond the Mem-
*a :Ft The .atone of the mans* blown by
the about miessam hot in hug* mad hew
tees kiedth. and the ardi of the Whir, *ids a
foot et the imam% hi
es been destroyed to the same
extant. The miler he net bees need far a amber of pm,
and the moms le* Mee Es. Steele's was bat cep, in
esmegneme. I is odd, et the noxious mud smell
whisk
..seeseded feat it. It can lighted • grating
plasma to the payment, whisk mem to have been aimed up
k • the Min et the a. net; end whether the impthelex has
been eseesiesed by the generseisset feel air is the eillar, or
by the mews of gm hem the PlPie to *estreet. the only ap-
parent mode by whisk siseden meld take pim mast
have been by this epaskag, and may have preasseled from •
lighted piese dryer thrown dewy by same me her light-
ing his Ora. se by some equally eerie. The
imain semis* pip of die lieliabergh he yis laid
the 1116-MOS. a few het tram W of the
Tank, bat two mall service pipes were carried over
the arch into the siege of Messrs. Steele and Wright. These
pipes were head. Via smaietries, to here been broken by
the force it the ememlea. bet the mitrldlie was Imbed)
tight; and *seem well of pa was apparent alter
the explodes, it peeeeeded7reee the broken pipes laid aeries
the azeb,wlish meld net have esmelened the explosico, as
the aria ha been thrown the pavement
with it. The small which- hoc W cellar Inas! diately alter the ex..iselee was of an extremely disagree-
able cheramee, gnaw to the offensive odour which
' proceeds from esegmen sewers ; and as the gutter runs
down the street lansmiately contiguous to the cellar,
the probAility le (in the abuses of a scientific inves-
tigation into the cam) that this explosion had arisen from
thok•-damP, ew foul air, generated in the cellar and which
had no means V escape. The reports relative to the cause
of the aceidest have been num*** and alarming ; and, in
patieular, that gunpowder had been the cause of the explo
sloe wan a very general °pieties. The investigation already
made, however, shows that each a tuojeetnre Is entirely
without handed= ; while the recent operations of the
Edinburgh and Leith Gas Company also referred to in lay_-
ing pipes for a leap on the east side of Blackfriase-wynd,
could have had as inhume in the oceurrenee, from the dis-
tance from the scene of the explesion. The investigation
' which is to be made Into the whole cironeratanoes will aloes
satisfy the public, but in the meantime the preceding state-
ment seems to be the only satisfactory explanation of the oc-
currence, which it is matter of congratulation, has been
comparatively speaking, so limited fa its injurious conse-
quent...
Turn AND SUICIDE Or THE OFFENDII.—On
Thursday a mall tin box, containing 4t1., belonging to the
North British Railway Company, was carried away from the
Edinburgh station. Suspicion having fallen upon one of the
servants of the company, who had been observed in the
course of the evening to ester one of the covered sheds where
his duty did not require hine,tthis place was carefully searched
next day, and 381. 10e, found osnesaled behind one of the
rafters there. In the coarse of the day the suspected party
and others in the employ of the company were questioned in
the police-. Ace on the subject. It being, however, impas-
sible that evening to procure sufficient evidence, the accused
were liberated. -Further facts Oleic, transpired the police
had orders fee the apprehension of the delinquent, but on
seeking his it was found that in the interval he had com-
mitted suicide. It appears that he had not returned home
on Friday evening, and was fouod dead next moving in a
fielside d, whimith a phial containing a small quantity of laudanum
ba.