The Express.
London, England, 1849-05-09 00:00:00

THE npuss WZDNESDAY EVNNING 9 MAY * is 49
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TO. TIS SS
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sad N. Welters. 118
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Leas. mad Torn. TAD} 44 d illumine., sad Las. Qrs. Na
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Do. (G. N. E. MA, 4r
SiANUFACTURES.—Hurownsimw, May IL—
There has born a little wore bashing dos* Nth day tbra tat
two at three wads past, hat still we cannot my that tits
market its [saw impovoL A law drab
more
aad
fancy psi of a torn' kia lave wad rather sore freely.
No absinths (a
prism Oar voinntaaturare aro laalday
rather moo to ardor Ilea tboy were . wish or two .
Tba Wad tisk otal owilloaca to
dull, is/ tin
pals Wu ow lodrpi forword to with mash lashor.

1t

IMP
HOUSE OF LORDB.-T lEwAsltii'Ll
The Loan Cataamsta.on took hls mat at Vitkitalt.
PRIVATE BINKNEMIL--
SECOND READlNG.—ldsocleslad Dasesk Wafer- -
marls, Morket‘. eke.. NIL
•THIED READINGS —Wareham Dates (esastowatioa
of desks Dear Wareham, sad mama thaw him were-
ham Chasse)); Edinburgh sad Needham WO.
*sal eapttal and amendment of sate); thimsay
dait and Freemen's Arrangement ; North Wadies
way (ostessioa of Lancaster branch, sbeadoosseat et Wil-
liam Livia branch, new road to Sewle station, ezteselsa
of
time for purchase of lands and oonstreetion of works), W.

PUBLIC BUSINESS.
COMMlTTEE.—Ezehequer Bills Bill.
PETITIONS.
NAVIGATION BILL.—Bv Lewd FEVEESHAM, from a
plea not heard ; E•rl of HARROWBY, from the corners-
tioa Liverpool ; Duke of RICHMOND, hum E.st Orin.
stead; Earl TALBOT, from several places, molest this bill.
BUSINESS OF THE HOUSE.—RATE IN AID BILL.
Eel GREY asked the Duke of Etcumend to postpone his
station on egricultural distress, which stood for Friday, in
osasequence of the second reading of the Rate is Aid Bill
being Sited for that day.
The Duke of RICHMOND was anxious to bring the
date ocfverithural d before the house, to see ii some-
thing not be does relieve the great bxly of tweet
firmer,. Hundreds of the bat aericultural labourers in the
country were thrown out of employment, and more would
be, unless something was at cute dose to serves the distress
which existed in the agricultural districts. He would, how-
ever, postpone his voodoo until the beginning of next week,
bst he could not delay it longer.
post
Tke Earl of WINCHILSEA. was also understood to
a motion of his on the same subject which stood for

NAVIGATION BILL—ADJOURNED DEBATE•
The Earl et CARLISLE said he could not but regret that
3
apes the first email= of adds ming himself to any qaution
et miens hapertaase in their lordship be should
have the diadvaatage of folludeg the epee& the noble
set sprite (the Earl of Ellenbeesagh) het lit, the elo-
=el which would set have Walls east. else found
alder the assemity of opposing many eberiehed
lisellege, and menial Neater to vasny deep miens pre-
which had long prevailed in that august anew
MII,r
ease the speech to which he had referred was
Vly calculated to ruswaken and excite. He should
ats consoladoe, however, in the ocavietion that the
pig te whisk ha welded)d bat a very feeble support was
MeV le predum he awes general good, and promote a more
nib-weed interest, they existed in any single class of the
in&lefulty, however united and however powerful. What. I
lIIIR sight have bees surmised or insinuated—however un-
isedy—oa other questions he felt that epos the ems
tree of she natation laws no perusal or dem
no eolith seethes or sinister telAmis, could he a
&mast bus bees sewed to have warped Utah lordship,/
Minna or isileesesd their ended and he wet willieg to
weeds to their opposeals that which they claimed for this-
selves, malady, the duke to promote the general integre
and to preserve the immemorial glories of tke country. It
bedlam asserted by the noble earl that the measure which
they had istreduesd would be detrimental to the maritime
kteemet of this swantry, and would be destructive to her
navy • bat be deeded the statement, aid if the measure
peened sub results, the proposers of it ought to
eneountee, net only defeat, but infamy. (Rear. hear.)
Rs wall not look at the nail don cods with
that reverence whisk was peofeered by many. It
speared subtly praised in the more settled and
mature form ia which we derived it from dee Protectorate
and Restegatice, ley **jealousy of the Dutch and the su-
sses they had seq&ed ie securing to themselves a large por-
tion of the earring trade of the world. With reference to
our colonise it was decked by the authority of the able and
sceemplished historian et the limited States, now the Ami-
des* minister to this sesatoy (Mr. Bancroft), that the Nevi-
Wigs laws had bees among the chief of the operating
mum whisk peedeeed the revolt, and the lag and bitter
waled whisk aided in American independence ; and which
by the °puede. of direst ceases laid the foundation, and
ezteadedarririerth of ear tied American ntanufau
twee, car navigation laws to be most
pullet, was t in our power to maintain them on a per-
mensal beg f The eireenstaaces which occurred at the
bnhg of *6 present 'sentry proceeded from causes quite
dialled hem say drat of the navigation lawn The batde of
Tratalear, to themeelselea of which the noble earl had re-
ferred lam dike, dewed the ocean for our ships more than
any mariths• suds seekd have aspired to do. Upon
the establislememt el peace, it was long before
the eentisental nations scald masks any great exertions at
sea ; but dare was now deity ineressinf a spirit of reaction
against any mesepely_or advantage being in the hands of
say single purer. (Rear.) This was seen by the sagacity
of the government, who introduced and Untied through
parliament the reciprocity treaties, and some of the most
favourable of those trestles were on the en of expiring.
(Hear, hear.) Our treaties with Frames, Denmark, Russia,
the Ranee Towns, Holland, and Austria could, by 12 months'
notice, be instantaneously put an end te. The noble
earl had alluded to such notion as Improper threats
By our treaty with Austria we did sot grant any
portion of our carrying trade to her, and a representa-
tion from that power of the inequality of our treaty with
them could not be considered as an Improper threat. A. to
Russia, we enjoyed full participation in their direct and in-
direct trade ; but would it be said if the Emperor of Russia,
whoa our treaty expired in 1863, were to say he could not
renew it on such one-sided terms, that it would be an im-
proper threat ? It was said last night that Russia had no
succentile return trade. He hrd, however, a statement
of the name vessels
of belonging to Russia,i Belgium,
Frame, Spain, and Portage!, which during the
last three years had entered the ports of the
Disked lingiom from 1846 to 1848, excludes of vessels in
countries be had
enumerated, with the wxception' of France (and that only
'teaseling in tee year), the largest number of tons was to
be set down to Russia. In 1848, the tonnage of foreign ves-
sels entering British ports was, Swedes, 61,000 tons • Dutch,
78,000 tome; Belgians, 38.000 tons; Spanish, 14,000 tons ;
Portuguese, 7,000 ton; Russian, 78,180 tons. The noble
earl said thew mattes could be arranged by preliminary
treaties; bat he wee calling the attention of their lordships
to the state ef this country if foreign powers refused to
renew their treaties on the same favourable teems,
and we lost our present direct trade with them.
The noble marquis the president of the council stated
that if foreign pewees forbade us to engage in their
direst and carrying trade they could throw more
that 200,000 tons et British shipping out of employ-
ment. He found that during the last year there entered
foreign porta 233,000 tons of British shipping, and cleared
out 230,000 tons. That was the trade carded on by British
shipping front one foreign port to another. (Hear, bear.)
The noble sad barged lord had male a very stroeg attack
in the noble marquis (Lansdowne) for saylog that the whole
of this trade was bible to be ant eft; he had stated that it
was a gross calumny, and attempted to account for the
somber of tons of British shipping omega in foreign trade
by suing that some of the vemels mile thirty-two voyages
is the emus of the yew. Re had, however, made a min.
take to his ealseladent, ead misted up the trade of
steam um& between Nights, Rolland, and France.
Of the 200,000 Me of shipping le which the noble mar.
eh
ee 011114 m Well ettrehrl is hisign trade, 12,000 tons
tee Hasabeng, end ne had • return by which it ap-
crissathat instead of these 12,000 Winding steamers, they
to 62 ships, every name of which he had set down,
mid be could teU the sable and leaned lord that stamen
whisk passed directly to and ire between any foreign ports
ware searesly ever eeployed is their direst trade. (Rear,
beer.) It by a sestinnesos of restrictive policy we were to
frf_el~a_it e.mmtemat Wheat trade, he felt persuaded that the
and egalpialats of oar Indus and reacitants,
erefibegees hes, and ear smelters of copper, would be
=lage WIMP'S Mb of distress thee they were sow
be
he espleitioa that they should be prejudicially
sleeted by the t proposal. He bad called the atten-
tion ef their to the risk we should ran by continu-
kg She gement slate of things. The evils and Lemuel-
MIN led boss shnsiently illustrated it the most comelasive
end pleaded gems by the daily moaning ezpwienes of
theme who were meat _woman is those matters. Re bad
&MA • few mitten et hot ea they wese mutat tiy taking
Owe sake the operation el the presemt navigatios laws,
ad he thought they would be feast le be et • most eon
dudes okaractse. Ng well bogie with dee article of
-lea t
Mat mega with was levaght to Hans at pea sessuat In a
tulip yMaidSnetalseiterl of la Pares at env
ale ile add line limm
been add at it le demesge, ad
Meerie* hem Zane to Ramped la a MUM ship, WI he
resemeepel tithe Welled Sielesta a forda MA Ind mass laseghet
to Leaned la es Amebas atim doe ftsideg the DMA el*
arapioyme* al hi=litemWen end* et seam whoa
awe
Ins a Ithlresdap seggly.
That mpg add WI iiiOsa him Odra sad ether soled* to
si eh** et * Mar al. • los, whis sists.drowa altar
ititEagro gem* eftminlymesamits) add he eons trots Ili
deist eisilirValg.leetivra. i =no arteihalmierstrollettholit.
cured Mame lesolabosr mope hem War*
Thee rapper Is see prima Is sum and master aboadesee In
Mugs* salsomt Sod a saideitgeolgrofillega ships* *am
ft to ads w=asue the risk Id." MAW am We
the Waft et Mot la mat..tid, 1.11.1"901., a.
=imam., meeting waft ia Allniella legleod st aeopioy
M. meesall4 11=1.4ealms4Ciwireninwartunnwhich al
tai
wept= to es, set sem Met apse we, or seat. en
my of the proems ell Anendisom esteem awes to this scans, sr
te &trews oraalsi MO a view to weenies to We erns by if the
=dote le embedi act be mommeatee. derabee. et Sm.
with
Ibey bemoan eiellbboleastitsi waisthe ts etkaimeumonwahn
emiss a smbitees cesostatim
ihit
WM* lido may lc lemsreed into tide watt, In as
I= bon Mom or ether
l*segateise, but if We Ina say neer.
me Mir &yode laws.
net anler the agetweisa as
Weep to Se gamey le do orellbeee et eelsrendre to mandes.
*fgamtirk=l. alsit el do wog WI to Mod*.
S. argils." wag ispidir mess how the Olga.
it., twe legliet depth et Cedle.'wheess Ste efts imam* ally to
Meedleadie It emit In Weft maw Wsealmtles her. was ts
&Oh leallball Mom tbe Orme' we maned te As moo-
ciMeti:zio:mmitradiesslontineell=gsavtiremaattherb:
bee=
raira tele • mdelsiallit te r
lee purl el 11::
wire. bit MA* en set salmi le 4ie week sad mg*.
*Med
*at Cid* whees way se ls brembt lea Ibles ertn In ap
Mk dift• sem they wail Wm, be fa pee obasiame. Not We I
sme of low hem Mak diet Omit at Memoilm Nor the dye,
mai et West Akita Om a
bop dope et dem at liaresillia.
Rue me te a s=afs.
.et all ibms seiner be them porn;
then rig be a .-....., seisms; Se Wig with
iliany MEI in* may he Ilan of 0111.11•1110 ohms A
torterthele I& ematassts.l ft the riverls and
insesedeb.
net egrets desk mm Wet& theight el es a
fear the
he hem 21. fa ed. be at Ifseekneg then boo bat far the same
sem moll ast be tree" eein base

14422..,.!±rsonthornews"."11IOAtt=
ii'
,liritlelllo7ess ttitir43olll. Tirusierrt:
onto. tos Ma walls ism's& osrlog- when it
An=sivlik was was* kr isms of the men
tea"
of this orsotry, was poshossi la Hand,
lamberts mom ka airy kis Ns wasta, It was shipped In
• meld to So MINI Ilse% ask Mom gaped to Ms
ell=nelmilk. MEM& Mop, Wenn, haw all Iron ending kr
ahlmolt hi tbsWboi Naos, sad- bosun am entail noels went°
be WOO all Mean =tie
Unit setried bg a golden that the operation of the
=Kos with nom* Is simply of Pemba wools to this
Ira ea en Irene* Is this ssii of /mops
hens is um
mdswashls he MOM mookslors, s the
=l6lrosourestemar k minim Net aids mow at a =
it the maullestarso um prime It In Isossidre led Y
sod is mangasno mat be that des Chime nandeetarer ea;
seed so oil Ns dab at a Ye then the Sisk&
That st Menai oil Clientla *end its Is ermalsat _mullah
whit thins win be Mips to any pronto $5 the
ths
Wkight bra se Idi&es eight stoner a We, end dug aims
pore srs Ansi ink Mos not eel, mawartlrr, sat tom
monied, sad whisk mid better home that peodsas if they won
mien to dons, pet boom of Oat progesterone dionility wink
Moho to ship maned by Lame warn. they ere not maned le
Mat se.
That with rasp* to the soblest, Woo the mot mini ark& of 1
I mesa thalami we lee wen, it to owed by the Mod
elands Isprombsr, MO, *at tarp see of In-
dus, wars la Ilsokusl from the trader,whenitMdbs i
41: fbireme:litb.sePeelr=lirgroselesel =V ahmsilg
Swop. Oa anted ft was kund lapmdll
tenon tikaelllnUlat imam ea alarm, sea the hiders woe
threesome with iseshiser sake trim Midpoint sr selsalks, mil
orsiimonoin =atm ths idol seam stair ffilissliks ma I
to bervad k ths amigillon laws of per llajeolsktoadlese„ 1
a hdligg dim _ therewith no erksa in the minds of 1
Pm WOW' cowlimildlisit-
What did these neimmess mess which were daily 'riskier
prove but that in countless ways—and we could not track
them through all their ramifications—our navigation laws
did impede, obetroet, er, If he might use the more homely
epithet, bother all the operatives of our trade in every pert
et the globe ? (Cheers.) It seemed to be an invemous at- I
tempt to mike every description of goods pay double freight,
and to wappmasz ill-feeling and snintosity between natives.
(Bear beer.) In our anxiety to severe the long voyage we
elbessived ourselves of a susalser of sleet veysges. In
ma
_*7 evnyeaseer esessien we made every
one , isski our ewes edge, ea usessefenable as to
delvedm dies Is the sesomity of adopting measures of oonnter-
anion ma rodstesse spingios, if we did not pave the way
a uses evert sets efleselßity ; and, instead of appropria-
ting to atradvsethe resserees dell other countries, we created
a heel of artificial difficulties, and succeeded Jo rendering the
seem owe hostile even than the amient poets had described
IS. Mar. hear.) It bed been said that the navigation
Isere isossoied in making the mercantile marine a nursery
ler the loyal navy, and that the modern system of ream
ssvigation required a larger number of hands to be trained.
But he thought it would be found that the navy did not
draw Plage a mooed= of the hands it employed from the
megesstile mmsse, If, however, they were to rely on de-
=sesigedwehle assists/nos from the mercantile navy, be
Ono woo little fear of the remit when he found the
iesemse offiritish seamen from 1823 to 1847 had been from
186.000 to 182,000—(hear)—snd when he found that, in
British midge, the tonnage had increased 10 per oat.
(Rear, hoar.) The attention of their lordships bad
M called to the Inman of steam navigating, and he
I Inlaid ask what nation meld fit out steam-vessels as we
could ? It might be wellies:My asserted that is us imp of
shipping and of all in steam and iron-built veawls,
could this country be said to stand on a disadvantage with
any other country in the world. (Bear, hear.) And when
we had swept away the last imperfect remains of protection
which we still retained under the navigation laws, we should
be in a still prouder position. And he could not but think
that his noble friend the President of the Council had met
with unjust censure when he was reproached for having
spokes of the existing navigation laws as shreds and patches.
Why, what were the terms in which the former advocates of
neenopoly—tba moot obstinate adherents to the navigation
laws—spoke of those laws since the passing of the reciprocity
treaties ? Mr. Young said that the protection was so
inadequate, where these treaties of reciprocity existed that
it could scarcely be called protection at all. (Hear, hear.)
The American ships compete with the cheapest built ships in
the world ; we could, with regard to strength,
and durability build ships as cheap, and boat the American
ship in the ports of the United States. That country
which could always present the largest number of ships, and
offer the lowest rate of freight, must in the end secure the
gnat proportion of the carrying trade of the world. (Hear,
heal- This was what gave their envied ascendancy to the
Dutch. Low rates of freight would do for the traffic of the
ships of the sea what low rates of travelling did on shore—
they would create traffic where none appeared to have been
wanting bofore—thsy would suggest wants which had not
been felt before ; and not content with emoting, they
would satis'y them. (Hoar, hear.) flo that, considering
that the repeal of the navigation laws would confer advan-
tages on the foreigners, if they liked,—assuming that in some
particular points we should be placed on terms of &lad-
vantag i e wth reference to them, and that sharp competition
would ensue, yet, believing fa the impales always given to
trade when restraint was boned, and believing in the re-
bounding elasticity of British trade to meet all rivalry, be
could not doubt that ws should secure by far the largest pro-
portion of then mercantile traffic of the world. (Cheers ) Be
could believe that a system of exclusion and monopoly such
as our navigation code might have appeared plausible when
our power was confined within narrower limits—but now,
when then was no section or region of the world
in which we had not visited the shores and occu-
pied the seas from the Ceps to Oregon, from New-
foundland to New Zealand, every obstacle, every impedi-
ment was multiplied ten-fold with regard to our own
shipping, that of our colonies, and all the co:seabird with
which we had any communifttien. (Rear, hear.) By our
own prowess, and enterprise, and activity we had so dotted
the globe, that to interrupt our traffic between our colonies
and the rest of the world would be to min our legislation,
to an extent which it had never been before, a universal
nuisance. (Bear, hear.) He had endeavoured to lay the
chief stress on the advantages which a relaxation of the na-
vigation laws would confer on our commerce; but he was
not blind to the colonial part of the Teatime, as that which
most immediately pressed on the attention of the initiators.
The way in which he regarded and explained the indisposi•
Lion of the mercantile body to any such changes as the
present was, that he had generally observed when men of
particular occupations and pursuits had been long addicted
to them, and bad acquired as intimate knowledge of the
intricacies and difficulties by which those pursuits were sur-
rounded, they were averse to measures which tended to
throw open their pursuits to all the world, and be-
came strongly disposed to retain all the difficulties
which wen accustomed to. He trusted that he
had a just estimate on the naval power of Great
Bel ,as well as on her mercantile marine, and that
he was as alive as any of their lordship to the
vast 'aspartame of maintaining in full vigour the national
fleets, whir* at the moment when" Rule Britannia" bad
been sung in the streets of Paris were not likely to be aban-
doned to decay. But he did not anticipate any injury to
the cadency of the British navy from the present measure.
Neither did he apprehend any danger to the national de-
fences from its be law. On the contrary—it was
that, in his spines, the effect of the measure would giro
incensed employment to seamen, and infuse invipration
Leto the hide, ussufacturee, and commerce of Great Britain,
that he enmensd it ; and it wasby instituting new reward;
fee the Wintry of the cemmualty, and by developing the
resestross of essoloyessat for shipping that the beet guaran-
tees would le Bost kr the permanence of the national de.
fenees—deissem whisk had hitherto been sufficient to render
England the mistress of the seas, and by the blaring of
Gad would loos medians to maintain her in that position.
(Cheers.)