The Express.
London, England, 1847-10-27 00:00:00

IRELAND.

DrBLIN, OCT. 23.
This is in trath a gloomy diy in Dublin. Professor
Nl'Cullagh is dead : he perished by his own hand.
At an early hour this morning the melancholy intelli-
gence was diffused through the city, and the College-
square was soon crowded with anxious inquirers and
mourning friends. All the facts are set forth in the
inquest which is subjoined. No event for along time
has created such a sensation. All is profound and
sincere sorrow for the lamentable end of this
most illustrious man, whose transition from life
to death was so sadden and so appalling.
Of all human beings, he was perhaps the
least to be suspected of a suicidal tendency.
There has not been a suicide in the university for
many years. The preceding one was committed by
Lord French. He blew out his brains in his son's
chambers. As a tribute of respect to the deceased
professor, the quarterly examinations now in progress
have been suspended. He was 40 years of age, and
entered college as sizar in 1821. He was soon conspi-
cuousboth for his scientific andclassical acquirements.
Scholarship and the science gold medal were among
his early prizes. He was twice a candidate fur fel-
lowship. At first he sulked, and was unsuccessful. In
the second, his answering was peculiarly brilliant,
especially in mathematics and physics. Ile was ap-
pointed Mathematical Professor some years after, and
on the elevation of l )r. Lloyd to theseuior fellowship,
he succeeded to the chair of Natural Philosophy, in
which he gave the most unbounded satisfaction to the
few fellowship candidates who attended his lectures.
The learning of this illustrious man was not confined
to the severer sciences. He had read profoundly
and accurately a general course of literature,
and took especial pleasure in languages, with
ninny of which ho was conversant. Ills contributions
b the transactions of the academy, even before he ob-
tained a fellowship, brought him a European reputa-
tion, which was not diminished by his subsequent
exertions in the cause of science. He had an exten-
sive correspondence with the learned men of Ger-
many, and took much pleasure in referring to the
testimonials to his erudition which appeared in the
German journals. I may add that his friends ex-
pected for him the provoatship of the University, in
the event of his surviving the present provost, and
the present ministry, or a ministry of similar prin-
ciples, being in office. The liberals bares mores
have sustained a deep loss in his death. Ile was
their leader and rallying point, and will be missed in
the days of future struggle.

DEPUTATION OF THE ROMAN CATHOLIC ARCHBVIHOPS
To LORI) CLARENDON.-At one o'clock this day a deputa-
tion, consisting of three Roman catholic archbishops, toge-
ther with the Right Rev. Dr. Cantwell and the Right Rey
Dr. Derry, who, as junior member of the body, acts as secre- •
tary, waited upon his Excellency the Lord Lieutenant, for
the purpose of presenting the address alopted at the recent
meeting of the synod. On the receipt of his excellency's
answer, the prelates re-assembled at the Presbytery in Marl-
borough-street, with a view of taking the Lord Lieutenant's
reply into consideration, and, as we arc given to understand,
founding thereupon further resolutions. It is not expected
the document will he made public until to-morrow, but it
is not understood to be acceptable to the majority.
THE REPEAL AssociaTtoN.----This body met to-day, but
the great topic which occupied it being the proceedings of
yesterday's meeting at Kilmaethomas, I need net further
notice. The repeal rent was 911. Mr. Samuel Lawacted as
chairman.

Tite Lim Ma. LrcAs.—The following letter respecting
the late Mr. Lucas appears in a morning paper of this dry
Mr. Lucie was tot a magistrate, but an extensile farmer and good
landlord. In March, 184 G, he forgave all his tenants on the lands of
scoridult half a year's rent, and in March, 18 17, he forgave them •
quarter's rent, and offered them an abatement of Sc. Gd. per acre If
they would pay him; but be could not by any means inducethem,
although there was upwards of 500 f. rent anil arrears due on the
townbend. Under these circumstances, he was faced to bring eject-
Men. at the June quarter sess.ont, and obtained decrees, and in July
be got lsweranon of 18 homes. He allowed them all to take away
their crops, and to remain in their hoars until they had their corn
disposed ot, andinvariably gore his tenants privileges which no other
landlord, under the circumstances, would have done. Touching bit
character, he was humane, generous, and charitable, obliging and
condescending to everybody, and generally beheed, except by hacruel
tenantry. Ile was in the habit of mending part of almost every
night in the house of hi+ ploughman in the village of Baena; and,
although repeatedly warned against doing an, he persisted until the
event which has deprived him of life, his widow of a fond husband,
and his children of an affectionate father. There are eight persons in
gaol on eilepit. On.

TENANT-RIGHT MEETING AT KILMACTHOMAS.
KILMACTHOMAR, SUNDAY EVENING, OCT. 23.—This
meeting, which Mr. John O'Connell was !specially invited to
attend, and which was convened by requisitions signed by
not fewer than 90 priests, took place to-day at this village,
15 miles south of Waterford on the Dungarran route. There
was a very large assembly of the tenant-fanner class, num-
bers of them having come several miles on horseback to be
present. The numbers probably amounted to 7,000, but
multitudes of them were of the labouring classes. Several
persons, apparently in the rank of gentlemen, were in and
around the platform ; and the number of Roman catholic
clergymen present probably amounted to 60 or upwards.
The day was fine, interrupted by a shower or two, and the
scene, enlivened by an occasional banner and musical band,
was animating. A considerable body of the 34th Foot, two
troops of the 4th Light Dragoons, and • large number of
police were on the ground to maintain order ; but their pre-
sence was unnecessary, as I never witnessed a more peace-
able, orderly, or apparently a more interested, assemblage.
The meeting was held in a large field; on which a platform
was erected. Mr. O'Connell, on his arrival, was very loudly
cheered.
Mr. SICHOLAR M. roWER, M.P. for the county, a gen-
tleman advanced in years, and one who it is said pewee's
very considerable property, was called to the chair shortly
after 2 o'clock p.m.
Sir 11. W. BANNON, lato M.P. for Waterford city, pro-
posed the first resolution. He said be had great pleasure in
proposing a resolution recognising tenant-right. It was a
right he had always respected on his own property. It was
not only just to the tenant, but was the sure means of securing
the improvement of the land. No just landlord would re-
fuse to recognise tenant-right, and the proprietor who did so
was a fool as well as a knave. A fool to his own interest—a
knave to the tenant. It was a principle of human nature
not to do any act of which another was to reap the advan-
tage. And acting on this principle the tenant would
not improve that of which he could not hope to enjoy
the benefit. Those principles of land tenure he had
always maintained and always would maintain. He had, in
accordance with this feeling, on the last occasion he had
voted in parliament, voted for tenant-right. (Hear.) It
was the interest of the landlord to encourage the tenant to
improve, and unless the tenant was assured of the full benefit
of his outlay, end even more, he could not be expected to do so.
Another advantage would arise from the establishment of
tenant-right—it would induce the tenant-farmers to impros*:
their holdings, and would thus supply employment to Lite
labouring population. Sir W. Barron observed upon the
improved agriculture of the continental countries—Bavaria,
Lombardy, and Belgium, as well as England—which he
attributed to the security enjoyed by the tenant class in
those countries; and to its non-exiatence in Ireland he traced
the defective cultivation of the land here. After some
further observations, the hon. but. proposed the following
zuelution :
That tho present state of the relations between landlord and tenant
is marked b, contention, insecurity, injustice, misery, outroge, and,
alas, sometimes by blood.
Mr. J. LitINHAM, a tenant farmer, seconded the resolu-
tion, which, having been put from the chair, was passed
rem. con.
Mr. It. L. KEATING, M.P., proposed the next resolution.
Ile attributed the ruin of the country to the legislative
enactment of 1800. That was the commencement of the
ruin now overwhelming them, because, by that measure,
and the policy of which it was the accomplishment, they
had lost their manufeefures. The object of that meeting
WM t the (Notion in ouch a shape as to make it under,

stood, and to impart to it auek imporunoe u would make it
obtain the sanction of the imperial parliament. Their
object was, to obtain for the tenant compensation
for improvements, and, so long u be paid his stipu.
lat,d rent, fixity of tenure. (Hear, hear.) The land.
lords of Waterford had shown, by their absence from that
meeting, how little they sympathised with the tenants;
yet surely their interest in the qatstien at issue ought to have
brought them there ; fur though the law now gave the poor
man a first interest in the land, and though the cultivator
should have the sec3n4 interest, still that of the landlord was
more valuable than either. The bon. gentleman hoped that
other counties would imi,ate Waterford, and he promised for
Tipperary. Ho concluded by moving the second resolution
as follows: _ .

That these distractions are in much the conmequenoe of the disas-
trous, competition for land rendered inevitable among our people by
their deprivation of all other resources for maintenance since the
ruin of Mali manufactures and trade under the blighting act of
union. And that the effects of that competition have been cruelly
aggravated by the constant trattensinn of the imperial legislature to
the interests; wants, and the rightful demands of the tenant-class in
Ireland.
Mr. P. POWER, a tenant fanner, Seconded the resolution,
which passed.
Ald. SHERLOCK proposed the third resolution, which was
seconded by Mr. WALL, a tenant-farmi.r, and passed. It
was in these terms :
That it to most just, equitable, and imperative, that the landlords'
rights of property should be respected and protected, but that it is to
the full as just, as impersUre, and as necessary that the tenants' rights
should be equally respected and protected.
Mr. W. O'Doxmatt proposed the fourth resolution, which
was seconded by Me. J. Power, tenant-farmer, said adopted.
It was as follows:

1 bat the ru elect and rioistion of the just rights of the tenants
directly owia:e to check industry and repressawriculture, and thereby
to impede oral diminish the accumulation of national wealth.
Alderman blaaniteit, Ml'., said he supported tenant-
right because be was anxious that the landlord should be
secured in his rent as well as the 'insist in his holding ; and
both could be done only by establishing tenant-right. He
need not say how much the non-existence of settled relations
between landlord and tenant injured trade, for they all knew
how much the limited trade of the country depended on the
condition of the tenant-farmer. The establishment of the

tenon =right would give the tenant-farmers prosperity, and
would remove the matusl distrust which now exists between
those climes. lie proposed the fifth resolution, which was
seconded by Mr. Thomas Sherlock and passed. it wu as
follows : . .

- - .
That the custom of tenant right has given security sod prosperity
to mery district of the nor, h of Ireland in which it prevails. That
the most prejudiced witnere uguutst it admits that it fully wares the
lanMord in his rent, while( it encourages the tenant, by the security
which it gives him, to lay out his capital and give his beet labour to
the improvement of his holding.
Mr. thrititroca then proposed the sixth resolution, and
Mr. J. Powsuseelndad the same, when it pasied. It was
as follows :
- - • • " • -

That the main feature of the custom of tenant-right Is that the
occupier cannot, whether he be a tenant from year to year, or on tease,
be ejected from his holding without being allowed to Kell the taxa-
paney or pomession (including his interest Many improvements made
by bon) to the highest bidder, due notice being first given to the land.
lord, that he may have an opportunity of competing fur the purchase,
and the latter being also secured in payment of all rent due to
him out of the proceeds of ate sale.
Mr. J. M. Itivensi proposed the next resolution. The
tenant who laid out money on a farm should, when he was
leaving it, get either compensation or leave to sell his good-
will. That was tenautright. But to withhold the land-
lord's rent was not tenant-right. (Hear, hear.) Mr.
Rivera thought they ought to look for roprat first—tenant-
right would follow. Ile proposed the following resolution :
That this meeting do petition the legislature to e.tabliob by statute
the custom of tenant-right not only in the north, Lot throughout the
rent of Ireland ; and that the said petition do respectfully but urgently
prey for the immediate establishment by legislation of this all-
important object.
It was seconded by Mr. I'. HAYDEN, tenant-farmer, and
passed.
Mr. JOHN O'CONNELL, M.P., here stood forward to ad-
dress the meeting, and was received with great warmth. lie
said that Mr. Rivers advised them to look for repeal
that they might get tenant-right, but they should
not avoid seeking one good thing until they got
another good thing. Ito was for tenant-right and
repeal. (Cheers.) " Itith were best," as the peasant
proverb had it. (Cheers.) His object in seeking tenant-
right wag to afford labour to the able-bodied, and to leave
the workhouses to the aged, the impotent, and those who
had none to take care of them. He would thus have con-
tentment for all, life and property would be secure, find hap-
pieess would bless the people ; and crime, which now
stained the country to so great an extent, would be stopped.
(Hear, hear.) Mr. O'Connell proceeded to explain tenant-
right as it may be collected from the resolutions and petition.
The tenant-right would enable the poor man, if his landlord
wanted to mine his rent, to say to him I will not pay any
advanced rent, hut pay me the value of my improvements
and of my occupation-right, and you must have the land,
and the landlord could not have the land without it. The
desire of the leaders of that meeting was to act in concur-
rence with the landlord; to raise a combined shout of land-
lord and tenant. (Ilear.) There were some landlords on the
platform, excellent landlords. Three cheers for the good
landlords (Cheers.) Unless they got tenant-right, the whole
of the C:.153.1 who occupied land er owned land would be
ruined, and the poor man would be starved. The poor rate
et its present amount would crush them all. It had been stated,
to be sure, that the rations for a grown man had cost only
I id. per day on an average ; but how were they fad? Not lit
fur dogs, (Hear, hear.) And there were at one time three
millions on the rations. Now three millions at lid. per day
would be 6,800,0001. a year, or more than the landlords had
of rent after the mortgagees were paid. And with the ab-
sentee drain end the surplus revenue how could the country
stand it? Hew could all this be remedied? By granting
tenant-right. Let the landlords give tenant-right, and the
farmers would employ the labourers in improvements of
which they would have the advantage, and there would not
be an unemployed hand in the country. Mr. O'Connell
continued at considerable length to addros the meeting, and
• concluded amid applause.
'the Rev. Dr. BERKE, R. C. Dean of Cashel, proposed a
petition to the legislature ; and the proposition was seconded
by the R9Y. NICHOLAS CANT YELL, P.P., Tramore. it was
in the following terms :
The petition, /te., showeth : That the agrarian illaturbances eo
lamentably prevalent in Ireland inn only be obviated by giving the
Irish tenantry security in their holdings, and in the profits, of their
Labour and capitaL that, without this most legitimate advantage, it
is idle to expect that the tenant will exert himself to improve, or that
between hint and hie landlord there can spring up that harmony and
concord so necesaary to the piece and prosperity of the country.
mat in the land conimissiom.ral report, recently presented to your
honourable lionise, it will be seen, from the concurrent testi-
mony regarding the custom of tenant-right, that the Landlord
is under all circumstances cure of his yrent, and that
•

peace and good order prevail wherever it exists. That
the few evils, which ere rather conjectured than to any extent
proved, to be inherent therein, rare unworthy of consideration when
compared with the known adventures resulting therefrom, or when
contrasted with the crying evils prevalent in those provinces where
• tenant-right is not err ',,mined. That in a country wholly dependent
on ne-sicultural produce, which is daily diminishing in value to the
producer, from the total decline of a home market, consequent upon
the ativenteeism and the ruin of our manufactures, which render it ne-
cessary to transport nearly the entire produce at great expense and
di,advantage to a foreign country, every security consistent with
the right of property is absolutely necessary to ambit, Use land-
holder to meet the growing burdens pressing spots land—burdens
pressing upon his diminished means especially Ailloo the support of
the three millions of paupers in Ireland has been mainly thrown
thereon. That, for the sake of peace and order, of justice and hu-
manity, we humbly implore of your honourable house to take these
premiss into your consideration, and by statute to establish such
tenant-right as will secure the interests of both landlord and tenant,
and promote Nave and good feeling between them—And your peta-
-1 tioners, &o.
An address from the repealers of Carrick-on-Suir was then
presented to Mr. John O'Connell, together with a sum of
821. repeal rent; after which Alderman Sherlock was called
to the chair, and thanks haring been voted to the prior
chairman the meeting separated.

INQUEST ON PROFESSOR M'CULLAGH.
At two o'clock Dr. Kirwan, one of the city coroners, pro-
ceeded to hold an inquest upon the body, which was lying
in the bed occupied by the deceased, in his rooms in the
college.
The Bret witness examined was an old woman named
Margaret Healy : I was in the service of the deceased. Saw
him last about half-poet eight o'clock yesterday evening. He
was lying on his side upon the bed. He did not dine at
home. I was not in the room. I only opened a little of the
door. When I opened the door he asked me what I wanted.
I said I begged his pardon, I did not know he was there.
Ile told me that would do, and desired me to go away. He
came in at six o'clock in the evening. I left his tea for him,
but I believe he did not take any. I brought him his tea
about seven o'clock, with a mutton-chop. I thought he
looked unwell. I thought his eyes looked full and large,
and that he stared at me with a wild look. I thought this.
I saw him afterwards upon the bed. 1 saw him again
at ten o'clock. It was my business to go to him at
half-past nine. He allowed me to go to bed then, and
called me at an early hour. I waited in the drawing-room
to see if he would call, but he did not ring the hell. I
waited for half an hour, and then I went up stairs. I heard
him going through the house after I left him first. I heard
him slapping the doors and prancing from one room into
another. His slapping the doers was nothing remarkable.
About ten o'clock I went to the bed-room—this was a second
time that I had gone-1 called at the door, I got no answer.
He was lying behind the bed, but I did not sec him. I then I
went to search the house for him. I went up stairs to the
closet, and I called at a distance, thinking that he might be
there, but I got no answer. When I called and got no
answer, I ventured further, and went into the closet ; he
was not there. I returned to the bed-room and saw a black
thing (the skirt of his coat) near the bed. I thought he was
in • fit, and ran down stain; his hat, cap, coat, and
boots were there, so I knew he could riot have gone
out. I ran for Mr. Butcher. I thought ho was a doctor, as
he sent for him one night that he could not get Dr. Stokes.
He was not subject to fits. I had no notion that he had com-
mitted suicide. I thought he was in a lit, and that Mr.
Butcher would bleed him. I thought. also, that he would
lift him, as he was too heavy for me: Mr. Butcher came
with no! him. I was not in the room at the
time. I did not even know that he had committcu
melancholy deed. A porter and Mr. Butcher got in before
I did. Mr. Butcher had him raised before I got in. It was
the porter who put him into the bed.—To a juror : I could
not tell whether he was excited when he asked mo why I
came into the room, as he was a hasty gentleman. He went
out at 12 o'clock. As soon as he came out of church he
prepared and sent me for a car. I don't know where he
went between 12 and ii.

Rev. Samuel Butcher, examined—l live in college. I was
a particular friend of the deceased. A few minutes before
eleven o'clock I was going to bed, when I was called and de-
sired to come over instantly to sec Mr. M'Cullagh, who had
fallen all the bed. That wan the message that was given to
me. I asked what the matter was, and they seemed unable
to say. The late witness and me servant came together. I
do not know which of them spoke to me first. I came over
with great baste. I came into the bedroom, and saw the
body lying between the bed and the wall—tire head towards
the top of the bed. I raised him. There was a large pool
of bleed in the corner. Ile was quite dead. The razor wee

THE EXPRESS, WEDNESDAY EVENING, OCTOBER 27, 1847.