The Express.
London, England, 1853-11-12 00:00:00

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TO CORRESPONDENTS.
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LONDON, SATVRDAY, NOVEMBER 12.

WE are sow io possession of the unabridged, en-
softened Manifesto of the Cz tn. We give it as
translated directly from the Itussian. And along
with this bombastic untburst of the despot, we re-
ceive the statement that Russian prisoners of war
have already reached Constantinople, and that the
entire amount of the Russian corps rfarno,e which
OMER PM:II has bagged in that cubtle-soc, Walla-
chia, (loci nut exceed 40,000. Unless the foresight,
promptitude, and energy hitherto displeyed by the
Turkish commander-in-chief desert him all at once,

•
he can have little difficulty in dealing with such a force.
Every victory he gains will add to his strength, physi-
cal and moral. Already the Wallachians, galled by the
military tyranny of Russia, and encouraged by the
success of the Turkish arms, are pressing to his
standard; and the rind.; to Ox .a PAcIIA, and cries'
of "A bas lee Rinses," that lately echoed within
the walls of the Opera at Paris, are but a prelimi-
nary outbreak of an enthusiasm which any succes-
sion of Ottoman victories must awaken throughout
Hungary, Italy, Germany, France, and England.
We do not undervalue the courage of the Russian;
but it is that kind of bravery which manifests itself
by confronting death and meeting it without dis-
may; there is nothing of enterprise in it. The
Russians are i,l qualified to turn the tide of an
adverse fight, and the bloated vanity of their
monarch has exposed them to an unequal contest
in the swamps of the Danube. More victories by the
Turks may therefore be fairly expected. But the
vanity and presumption of the Russian impe-
rial manifesto is, if possible, exceeded by its blas-
phemy. This is unfortunately no new or unparalleled

characteristic. We have had Te Deems performed '
to celebrate the success of the St. Bartholomew =s-
cum; we have had a CORTEZ and a PIZARRO catry-
iog the cross in trout of their exterminating legions
when they broke loose on the unoffending natives of
Mexico and Peru; we have had solemn thanksgivings
by Patriarchs in Cathedrals for the cooquest of
Poland. NtatotAs has too many of his
class to keep hint in countenance in his blasphe,
mous invocation of the Divine blessing upon his rapa-
cious and murderous enterprise. But the unsophisti-
cated pence of the people has not become reconciled
by the examples of centuries to those daring and
profane mockeries. Now, as ever, it feels outraged
and indignant at them. Prayer was never meant
to throw a false veil over sins so deadly as those of
shameless invasion and its consequent bloodshed and
misery.

The tone of OMER PACTIA, and of his government,
continues, as from the beginning, to contrast beauti-
fully with the proud and profane raving of
their antagonist. Though flushed with vie-
tory, the Turkish General only asks of by
enemies to liberate the soil of his country from their
hated presence, and give security that they will not
return to renew their predatory aggressions. But,
should the struggle be unluckily protracted, can we
expect of human nature to maintain this almost un-
'precedented moderation? The mere excitement of
successive victories is itself enough to make men for-
get themselves. And, as the Turkish army advances
in pursuit of its retreating and straggling foe, the
war will be carried into scenes crowded with terrible
and painful associations for them. The atroci-
ties perpetrated by the Russians at the siege
and sack of Ismail, and many similar tra-
ditions, will be brought back to their memories with
all the liveliness of reality. Who could wonder,—
if, under a load of such recollections, the Turks
were to retaliate on the descendants of the
butchers of Ismail—c...ught in an attempt to perpe-
trate the same crimes as their ancestors—all that in

that doomed city was suffered by its Turkish inha-
bitants P

It has been tauntingly asked by the abettors of
Russia in the press—" If the Turks are able to cope
single-handed with the Russians, where is the need
to support them ?" The answer is easy. It is
the interest and duty of the independent na-
tions of Europe to assist one of their num-
ber, when lawlessly assailed, were it but
to give a pledge to those givernments who would
despoil their neighbours that the States of the Euro-
pean system are resolved to have their mutual rela-
tions prescribed bylaw, and maintained according to
law. There:is another gain promised by the co-ope-
ration of France and England with Turkey :—The
contest between Russia and three such Powers will of
necessity be more brief than a contest between Rus-
sia and the weakest of them ; there will be less time
allowed for the growth of such an excitement among
the Turks as might lead to the natural bat
undesirable retaliation hinted at above. And
the two allied Powers will, by their co-operation,
have obtained a right to intercede for mercy to the
prostrate braggart of Russia when their combined
arms have baffled him. It is, therefore, gratifying
to learn,--after all the desponding Taticinatioos of
those whom the reticence and (extreme) caution of
the French and English Governments have led at
times to dread their desertion of the Porte,—that the
English and French fleets are in the Sea of Marmon,
and DUNDAS and HAMEUY at Constantinople. A
material service may, even at this the eleventh hear,
be rendered by French and English diplomacy to
Turkey, by joining with RESCHID PAcnA to extort
from Austria a categorical answer to the question
whether it is consistent with professions of neutrality
to allow Russia to supply the Montenegrins with
arms conveyed through the Austrian territory?
There is no one who has a deeper interest in a
speedy termination of the war he has provoked than
the Emperor of RUSSIA himself. If prolonged, it
must be productive of innumerable privations to all
cusses of his subjects, and innumerable mortifications
of their vanity. When his father tried the nation
in this manner, he was speedily got rid of; and
should the war which NICHOLAS has provoked last
long, he may suffer the paternal fate. The barbarous
people over whom he rules have seldom shown
much pity to those who disgusted them.
SIIAKSPEARS has set the example of associating
high and low life in his most tragic dramas: the
nurse prattles beside Juliet, and the Fool flits and
gibbers around Lear, in the moments of their in.
tensest agony. It may be allowed us, in humble
imitation, to associate the Mies with NICHOLAS and
the Tuus,sltussian struggle—with the doom of
monarchs evd nations. For weeks and months the
7V,nes has be labouring to prove that Turkey can-
not be saved, sod that it would be undesirable to
save Turkey if we could. Since the news of the
Turkish victories has been confirmed a new light
has broke in upon our coOtemporary. It cannot find
words to express its astonishmnt that the Turks
can fight, and that they can beat the Rutians.
hrelloht about the rrsnite

confesses it cannot comprehend, but it admit& the
fact—nay more, in the teeth of its own reiterated
prophecies and expressed wishes, it yesterday fairly
congratulates itself upon the Turkish victorisi, Ai/-
covers that Turkey no be preserved, and that, ip is
desirable it should be preserved. There is something
impressively ludicrous and grotesque in the awkward
halt-awskened fashion in which our respected con-
temporary gasps forth its new confession of faith.
But it will not stop here. Let OMER PACIIA but
gain half-a-dozen more victories, and we shall have
the CZAR abused in the leaders of the Times as he
has never yet been abused. The Times could forgive
the CZAR his rapacious aggressiuus upon Turkey
and his blasphemous cant; but the Times will never
forgive the CZAR if he gets beaten after it had pro-
phesied that he would conquer. If blicitoLts
should be knocked down by ill-fortune, or by his foes,
the Times will, after its old plan, be amongst the
first to trample on him.

WHEN the Crusade was first preached in Europe
the enthusiasm excited was so intense that thou-
sands vowed to take up the cross without having any
thing beyond a mere glimmering of the nature of
their vow, or the way in which it was to be accom-
plished. WALTER THE PENNILESS set off with his vast
army of beggars without the slightest knowledge of
where to go, what to do, or how to do it. They all
perished, but nevertheless the excitement continued
and spread. It reached at last, we are told, the very
children themselves, who, unable to resist the impulse
which the everlasting iteration of " the cross,"" the
cross" produced in their minds, ran away in troops
asking their way to Jerusalem. During a more recent
excitement the gamins at Paris were even more
earnest than their elders in shouting rice la Rilpu.
blique, although they would have been puzzled to say
what the Re'publique meant, or was to do for them.
Let any loud " cry " be raised, and if it obtains the
assistance of a few backers, earnest either from
enthusiasm or selfishness, a moral contagion will
be excited under the influence of which thousands
will echo it who can give no better reason for their
chorus than a flock of sheep for following the one
who leads them through all imaginary difficulties.
There is some magic of this sort in the word
" strike" just now. Sound it in the ears of a number
of men or women engaged peaceably in the same
employment, asd you produce such an effect as
that produced by the Prince in the fairy tale,
when the sleeper during centuries arose to bois-
terous action in a moment. A quiet factory
shall become a scene of turmoil, in • few mi-
nutes after the magical word is pronounced.
The decent multitude which swarmed homeward
yesterday in peace shall now occupy themselves with
yelling, smashing windows, chasing employers, and
like profitable employments. Or else they will stand
sullenly aside, and watch with a patient eye the ruin
of their employers and themselves. Now a large por-
tion of these know or care very little about the rights
of the matter. They have been led away by • blind
faith in the talismanic " effect " of the word Strike,
and, having placed unbounded confidence in the ori-
ginal preacher of the doctrine, abide the
issue. Thus the men and the women have had
their strike, and now the boys determine they
will have theirs also. The apprentices of Liverpool
cannot see why they should not have a draught of
the intoxicating drink in which all around them are
indulging. These Lilliputian rebels have united in
an awful bond, like so many Jack-the-Giant-Killers,
to slay monsters by the use of the weapon in which
their fathers and mothers so delight. They look to
confound and demolish their " Cormorans " of
masters by a "strike." The slight difficulty that
presented itself to the valorous mannikins, was
what they should strike about. Wages could not
afford a ground for striking, inasmuch as wages they
had none. The nature of the deliberations which

preceded their final determination we know not. The
proceedings of the " club" are shrouded in awful
mystery. It may be imagined that some mutineer
with a sweet tooth might have proposed striking
for an extra spoonful of sugar, or " more gravy to
their pudding " might have been put forward
in a round-robin. A " holiday three days a
week" probably floated before the eyes of some of
the youthful malcontents, who would for ever be
seeking for happiness at the bottom of their trousers-
pockets with their hands diligently imprisoned
therein. These and many other subjects were,
doubtless, discussed at the " club ;" but, as no re-
porters were admitted, it is impossible to decide this
question. However satisfactory it might be to settle
it accurately, it must remain one of the dark places
in history until some historian of the " club"
shall arise to instruct the world as to its
doings. Practically wo are not concerned
with that matter at present, as we are
acquainted with the determination of the
club :—" The apprentices should no longer be inden-
tured or bound." They would be free as air. No
soup hereafter should sing scornfully of them as
being "bound apprentice" in any "shire," however
" famed." A Mr. CAT°, who seems not to take
things quite so coolly as his namesake the Stoic,
brought the fact before the notice of a meeting of
the muter-shipbuilders at Liverpool on Wed-

nesday. " CATt; the Sententious" described this
matter as "a very grievous affair." He had
been in the habit of binding his apprentices,
but—why he does not state—had n• glected the prac-
tice for eighteen months. His managing man, the
day before, brought a young boy to the office to be
bound, who refused to sign the indentures. He wu
accordingly told to walk about his business. This
being made known to the rest of the apprentice boys
in the yard, they discontinued their labour. They
all assembled outside the yard gate, and on
being asked why they left work replied
that it was in consequence of the
_ _ _

missal of the boy who refused to be bound. They
added they would not allow Mr. CATO to bind his boys
as it wee "contrary to the rules and regulations of
their club." Fifty-six have left the yard, and disap-
peared no one knows whither. Here is a new ver-
sion of " Club law." The cry of " Clubs" amongst
the apprentices of Liverpool promises to be as dis-
tasteful to the ear as the same cry amongst the un-
ruly youngsters of London three hundred years ago.
The debate that ensued in the senate of ship mas-
ters was scarcely so abundant in wisdom as the
suggestion inspired by the Roman appellee
tion of the complainant might have led us to expect.
A Mr. DAVIS had tried the binding system, and he
had had no less than seven apprentices at one time in ,
the House of Correction, but instead of being improved,
they became worse ! Who ever before thought that
sending a boy to prison would improve his morals ? A
Mr. FITZPATRICK was of opinion that a clause should
-be introduced into each indenture compelling appren-
tices to attend the Mechanics' Institution nightly. Has
Mr. FITZPATRICK ever heard of the proverb which
throws a doubt about the certainty of a horse's
drinking because he is brought to the pond? Some.
thing the boys will drink, it is evident, inasmuch as
an allowance of ninepence a day made by some
masters, to compensate them for the wear of their
clothes, was invariably spent in ale. One gentleman
suggested that the boys having shown a decided
tendency to frequent the Park Theatre, that build-
ing should be bought, and turned into a school.
Here we oome nearer the true solution of such diffi-
culties. Only the boys want the proper schooling
before the apprentice-days. It may be difficult to
make wood nunils of them afterwards.