The Express.
London, England, 1848-03-07 00:00:00

' cries and viva,. At every step were to be seen groups of
spectators mounted on ladders supported against the tree',
and upon public coaches, suddenly transformed iato hills of
heads.
The entbueisera of the population bore, however, a
grave, reflective character. The people then proved them-
selves
to be that people who comprehend the full gravity of
the act they have just accomplished, and who intend to pur-
sue its consequences in all their legitimate rigour.
The greatest order, moreover, prevailed throughout, not-
witbstaading the total absence er au armed force ; fur the
National Guards, infantry, sad cavalry who were present,
were there only to take a share in the ceremony, to figure in
the cortege, and the people were abandoned to themselves.
And yet we have net to deplore a single accident, for not
even the most trifling one took place in this immense con-
course of 600,000 citizens, in a line of about a league in

for the general arming of the people, which will have
the faculty of choosing its leaders; 2,000 stand of
arms for the citizens of Wiesbaden ; entire liberty of
the press ; convocation of a German parliament ; an
oath to the constitution to be taken by the troops;
right of meeting ; public and oral trial by jury ; de-
claration that the domain belonging to the state shall
be under the control of the administration of the
states of the duchy. Immediate convocation of the
second chamber, for the purpose of forming a new
electoral law on the basis that eligibility is not depen-
dent on wealth, and suppression of restrictions on re-
ligious liberty.
As for Hesse Cassel, accounts from llanau of the
lit inst. state that the French news had caused some
agitation, but nothing in the shape of a revolution.
At Hamm itself on the lot, a meeting had been held,
where it was decided to send a petition to the Elec-
tor, demanding a new ministry, the dissolution of
the present chamber, the convocation of a new one,
and the liberty of the press.
Accounts from Stuttgard of the 2nd say that the
committee of the states had, on the let inst., pre-
sented the following address to the King of Wur-

length.
We will not again mention the order of the cortege; we
gave it yesterday; we will only add, that with the exception
of a little inevitable confusion, so natural is such a ceremony,
Prepared in the space of two days, it arrived without the
least impediment at the Bastille, to the cries, of " Vire la
Republique," singing the airs of the Marseillaise and the
Girondinr, and with the symphonies of the bands of the
national guard and of the different regiments of cavalry.
which closed the march.
That'part of the cortege in which were placed the friends of
the victims, particularly attracted the attention of the crowd;
and great and general feeling was attracted on beholding the
widows, the childr,n' and the mothers weeping for the sons
they had lost, attired in deep mourning, and shedding tears
over what had constituted the glory of the country and
caused the triumph of liberty; sad for what caused the
joy of all, struck in their affections—in their families—by •
misfortune which caused the happiness of France!! Poor
widows, poor children, whom the nation has adopted.
At three o'clock, the head of the cortege reached the co-
lumn of July, and was received by General Subervic, •
member of the Provisional Government, and Minister of
War, who had repaired from the Madeleine to the Bastille,
separately, accompanied by the venerable Dupont (de
l'Eure).
It was four o'clock when the clergy were seen to advance,
preceding the hearses which contained sixteen victims. The '
troops presented arms, and the clergy descended into the
vaults of the oolumn, where 148 coffins had already been de-
posited in the morning.
We cannot sufficiently admire the religions silence which
the immense mass of the curious, who tilled up the Boule-
vards and the Place of the Beeline, preserved during the
painful and imposing spectacle. The members of the Pro-
visional Government followed. It was with grief we re-
marked the absence of M. de Lamartine, compelled by
extreme fatigue to remain at home. The cortege was ranged
round the column, adorned with tri-coloured flames and
funeral flags.
M. Dupont (de l'Eure) advanced, and pronounced with •
firm voice the following words:
Citizens,—lt is with the deepest affliction I raise my
voice to accomplish this sad duty. But nobody more than
myself can feel the want of paying to the glorious victims of
our revolution that tribute of gratitude which is due to
them. My strength will not allow me do so, in a manner
equal to my wishes and to their merits • I leave that duty to
my colleagues, who will acquit themselves beater than I can
of so noble a task. But before I cease to speak let me be
allowed to deposit a crown upon the coffins which inclose the
remains of the martyrs of liberty. Long live the Republic.'
(Long live the Republic. Loag live Dupont de l'Eure.)
M. Cremieux then expressed himself as follows
" Citizens,—Behold the sun of the republic ! He comes
in all his majesty to shed from above his flames upon these
great and glorious funerals. (Bravo.) Let ns bend with
grief before tae coffins of those brave citizens who died
heroically for our liberty, We owe them an eternal debt of
gratitude, and they ought to live for ever in the memory of
posterity, for they fell for the cause of that republic which
was the object of our most lively wishes, of our most ardent
hopes, for that republic which was proclaimed but a few days
back in the name of the sovereign people. (Applause.)
The people! We have known what they are twice in the
space of fifty years : or, rather, we imagined we knew what
they were ; but we did not know the courage, patriotism,and
generosity which breathed in its every member. Three days
sufficed for :hem to show us what they are when rallied be-
neath a noble flog—for the people have their flag also. The
flag of the soldier is • flag of glory ; the flag of the people is
an idea—liberty. (Bravo.) It was then to acquire this
precious liberty that the brave the country now weep
for gave their life. Let public gratitude join me in the
cry, Honour to the heroes who died for liberty. (Immense
applause.) In 1789, at this very place, the Bastille was
taken ; in 1830, the Column of Liberty was given to us.
This day we have founded the republic. Such is the gra-
dation. This will be the last revolution. Let us hope so ;
and our descendants will preserve the pious remembrance of
those citizens who have secured to Prance a republican go-
vernment. Citizens! what elcquence would be neceasary
to express the feelings which animate you all! Let your
applause do what I cannot, and express it for me. (Loud
exclamations of " Bravo.") Among the ancients some
men were signalised by their courage and patriotism. In
France, at Paris, it is the whJle population we must admire,
the people who love their country with such ardent love,
and who, on the morrow of a Victor!, resume their labours,
as if to say to us, "We have founded our liberty, it
is for you to preserve it." (Very well, very well.)
Consequently, citizens, the republic must ever be grateful to
those citizens to'whom we owe our republic, and on every
anniversary let those who govern the country come to the
foot of this column to cry, ' Honour to the founders and
martyrs of the republic!'" (Bravo! Long live the re-
public! Long live Cremieux !)
Mr. Gamier Pages then spoke to the following effect:
" The government we have expelled had adopted for its
basis the worship of a single man, and they leaned for sup-
port upon corruption. You have not forgotten all the scandal
which has afflicted France. Let us remember, it, citizens,
that every one may. the better comprehend the duties of a
free nation. The justice of the people has taken for its
motto these three great words, liberty, equality, and frater-
nity ; that gyvernment which plants such colours must be
groi.ndesi upon morality, pureness, and justice." (Bravo!
Long live Grimier Pages!)
M. Crustier Paste;: No, long live the republic! And all
voices exclaimed, " Long live the republic."
After some warm expressions of a combatant of July, M.
Dupont (de l'Eurle) said with emotion: Eternal honour to
the glorious victims of the revolution of July ! Viva la
republique I
The members of the Provisional Government retired
amidst acclamations. The cortege continued to defile during
an hour in admirable order.
At the moment when the members of the Provisional Go-
vernment re-entered the Hotel de Ville, escorted by the
national guard, the pupils of the Ecole Polyteehnique and
St. Cyr, and a numerous assemblage of citizens, M. Marie
thus addressed them:
" Citizens,—We have accomplished a great and glorious
day. To-day we have placed ourselves on the immoveable
base of the republic that we have conquered by your power
and your courage. After having honoured those who have
died fur liberty, let us apply ourselves to render our republic
great and powerful. Citizens: We again enter this Mote.
de Ville a faithful witness of the revolutions which have
agitated France, the seat of a new revolution. Hereafter
it will unite to the majesty of its recollections the grandeur
of a revolution accomplished by the people and for the people.
Now let us separate, citizens. Receive our thanks. The
calm, the grandeur of our assembly of to-day will be an ad-
ditional pl.dge of those principles of order which are the
solid and durable foundation of the now republic."

temberg :
Sire,—At a moment when the most serious events shake
Europe to its centre, we think it our duty to draw near your
Majesty, in the name of the people, whose constitutional
representatives we are, and to give you the assurance that
the King can depend upon the concourse of his people to
preserve order and legality, and to protect the country
against every enemy. 'The people look up to their King as
well as their representatives, for in their union they find
the guarantee, and the happy solution of those difficulties
upon which their welfare depends. We well know that
your Majesty is fully determined to fulfil your share of this
arduous task, and to secure to yourself the affeetien and
confidence of your people, by your devotedness to
popular interests. It cannot escape the penetration of
your Majesty that the frontiers of Germany are
to danger; that they require to be protected, and that
the most solid rampart of a state is national union; on the
confidence of this union depends the safety of the state.
The present organisation of the Germanic Diet has not
awakened these feelings. May the wise inspirations of
your Majesty awake a national feeling, and give an impulse
towards the development both of the national liberty and of
the national feelings of Germany. The speech from the
i crown promised us the liberty of the press, the realisation
will be a tie more which will bind the throne and people.
We also demand the free assemblies of the clubs, without
the previous authorisation of the police; and the arming ef
the citizens.—Stuttgard, Feb. 29. (Here follow the signa-
tures.)
The committee were most graciously received by
the King.
Next day en extraordinary supplement of the
Swabian Mercury published a decree in which it wag
declared tha—
t. The censorship on the press, established by the
ordonnance of October, 1819, is abolished.
2. Consequently, until the Germanic Diet shall have
published a decree regulating the affairs of the press,
all the dispositions of the law on the liberty of the
press of January, 1817, will come in force.
3. In the meanwhile, a project will shortly be pre-
sented to the states, in which a more expeditious pub-
lic and oral proceeding with regard to matters tipper-
taining to the press will be recommended.
From Carleruhe we have also news to the 2nd it'd.
IL Beck, the Minister of the Interior of the Grand
Duchy of Baden, has published the following pro-
clamation :-
1. The censorship of the press is abolished.
2. The national guard will be immediately or-
wise
3. The government will submit to the chamber a
ilaw establishing trial by jury.
' By this proclamation the ministry has granted all
that the people demanded. Independently of these
concessions the Grand Duke has called to his councils
M. Welker' the leader of the constitutional opposi-
tion, who has demanded the creation of a Gcruaan
parliament, instead of the I fief.
The Grand Duke of Baden published on the 2nd
inst. the following proclamation :
Lzoeohn, &c.—The grave events which have recently
occured cannot fail to have an influence on existing social
order. Never was the necessity of union between the go-
vernment and the states, between the prince and the people,
more urgent to oppose with one consent the enemies of our
constitutional liberty and 'oriel condition, as they exhibit
themselves either at home or abroad. In such a moment
demagogue. of all kinds are not wanting. Under the pre-
text of liberty they preach a license which is the destruction
of all liberty. I know that many citizens, well intentioned
whatever may be their political opinions, are fearful that
this may lead to some movement of anarchy, that in our
country, hitherto so peaceable, the criminal intentions of some
and the *eduction of others, may bring about a revolu-
tion and attempts against property and other constil
tutional rights. In these grave circumstances, I address
myself with the most entire confidence, and with all the
force of my old affections, which have never failed, to my
people, who, in happy and in adverse times, have given me
so many roofs of therel ye and fidelity. 1 address myst If to
all those who respect order, right, and true liberty, and in.
site them to co-operate with me to maintain order, pro-
perty, and constitutional liberty, those precious possetaiona
which it is my duty as well as my firm resolution to sustain,
and, at the lame time, to support all loyal citizens in their
efforts to crush, by all legal means, all criminal sits mots. It
is to you, my dear people of Auden, to give the example of
a people who progress happily in the legal development of
liberty and in the maintenance of order. You will give, I
am sure, this noble example.
From Darmstadt, under the date of the 2d instant,
we learn that the deputation from Mayenee, having
presented its petitions to the second chamber of the
grand duchy, bad left Darmstadt with the conviction
that the prayer contained therein would be acceded
to. The propositions presented to the Chamber of
Deputies are—that the Government be invited to
claim from the Diet the organisation of a central go-
vernment for Germany, and a German national repre-
sentation. The same desires have been expressed at
Wurtemberg, as may be seen by the petitions lately
presented to the Chamber of Deputies. The peti-
tioners make the following demands:—
A general armanent of the people, with the election of
their own officers. A German parliament, freely elected by
the people. Every Gcrinan of 21 years to have a vote as pri-
mary elector, and also eligible as elector. An elector to be
chosen for every 1,000, and for every 100,000 a deputy.
Every German, without respect to rank, fortune, religion,
&c., may be a member of parliament to soon as has at-
taied his 25th year. The German parliament to sit at
Frankfort-sue-Wine. A record to be kept of its proceed-
ingv. Absolute liberty A the press. Absolute liberty of
religion, conscience, and education. A popular jurisdiction,
with trial by jury. Every citizen to have equal rights.
Taxes to be raised on property. Education for every ono.
Protection and security for labour. A popular, egos able,
and economical administration. Responsibility of all magis-
DISTURBANCES AT COLOGNE. trete., ministers, and public functionanes. Abolition or all
The following is a summary of the news from Ger- privileges.
An official announcement appears in the Frank fort
many up to the latest dates: Journal of the 3rd of March, which says : " The Diet
An extraordinary supplement of the Cologne Go-
having demanded the advice of all the governments
ache, of the 4th instant, brings the intelligence that upon the detailed report submitted to each on the 9th
whilst the town council were assembled on the pre-tat , • • .
..,eptember, by the commission for the affairs of the
vious night, in the Hotel de Ville a riotous crowd
rees, to the effect of adopting a uniform federal iegis-
gathered in front of that edifice and loudly demanded r • •
anon on the press, has now decided on the proposal
that the members of that body should, in the name
of the said commission—that each state of the confe.
of the people, claim the following " rights :"
iteration has the right to abolish the censorship and
1. That the people should make their own laws,
grant the liberty of the press, but this can onlj take
and be their own governors; that there should be
place under the guarantees which protect as much as
universal suffrage, and that all should be eligible both
possible the other federal states and the whole con-
fer the commune and the state. 2. The absolute
federacy against the abuse of the liberty of the
liberty of the press and of speech. 3. The abolition pis„
the standing armies, the general arming of the F
A letter from Hamburg, under the date of March
people, and the election of the officers by the people
3, bays : "The events in Paris have caused an alinceit
themselves. 4. Liberty of association. 5. Protec-
unprecedented excitement in our city ; trade, which
Lion for the working classes, and the securing of the
was beginning to revive in consequence of the nevi-
maintenance of all. 6. Education at the expense of
the state for all children. gation of the Elbe being open, has received a fearful
check; scarcely any business whatever has been done
The troops were sent for, and they soon arrived in
on the Bourse. Our intelligence from Paris reaches
imposing numbers. The crowd was dispersed, and
only to midnight on Monday night, and such is the
the ringleader arrested. The "demands of the peo-
tension among our merchants that scarcely any sub-
ple" Verderungen des Volkes) were printed on circa-
ject occupies the mind save the revolution at Faris,
tars, which were very plentifully distributed amongst
and the consequence which must, or may, inevitably
the assembl follow. A petition has been presented to the Strata
The age.
Governor of the Rhine province (Herr Eich
ra• p ying for immediate reforms. To this the Senate
p with their desire, and that a deputation must be
man) has promised to forward to the King of Prussiathe suggestions and views of several members of the 1* lied that immediate steps would be taken to COM.,
.ply
united diet (chiefly representatives of that province)
appointed in regard to the proposed reforms.
respecting the reforms and concessions called for un- At Kiel the French intelligence produced a good
der the present critical circumstances, deal of excitement ; the Bourse there were also af-
General orders have been issued to all the Prussian fected, and parties paraded the otreets eintig,
a
military authorities to have their trov re e ady to
" Schleswig Holstein."
march at two days' notice, has however taken •
11We may state that some news published yes lye however o[
of
terday was at least premature. The Duke of -
Nassau has not fied, nor has it been confirmed that I more excited by th
essed in the folio,.
the Elector of Hesse Ceseel has been banished. The
I adopt at a general
Duke of Nassau left Berlin, where he had been for a 24
ost high, most mi
short time, on the 4th inet. for Wiesbaden, where he
Lord—The state of the
was expected as early as the 2nd, up to which date
with perfect openness.
we I-•ave news. jeaty in the duchies are
founded upon justice
On that day a meeting was held at Wiesbaden,
ie3dependent for,itt o,t
where the demands to be made by the inhabitants of
the Duchy of Nassau from the government were fixed, themselves
and a deputation was chosen to attend and make this spirit. Our German
known to the Minister of State. In the absence of conviction of the nati
the duke, the minister could only give an affirmative Periented men shall
vik
reply on the question of the organisation of the civic unanzt°?al,Till i
guard, and the liberty of the press, the other points !rititnt"3".
popular aseembnes
being postponed till the return of the duke. nation are to reach
The demands of the people are these.. .They wish expreesion and •

GERMANY.

(stein." No disturlleo —,tetylitiael
lien place there. Prilagri etati ,
of the people, whi been vet , '
/
• the recent events 41 Grist are ex-
illowing edemas to tbi :, It was
•
ieral meeting of the, -t:
tr
at mighty, and mist sing and •
f the times impela ua ded foioe• •
neer. The German so - °flier Ma-
es are conscious that Ads', • claim,
stice and common sense,..th• at peculiar
. of government, which eneAk them. in
L the rest of Germany, to develop moth
their institutions in the
..., 4le , • •-• •an
representatives
MLA• 1.4
nation, and we trim i.,. '-•`• •"•vb • • -;.•
tall be assembled at .'" sl - . • "'
lie
[your Majesty to ~,,), ".r.,c4ite.....`, • . ttd
ill period freed, - •
~ - a "" •
es are indispensable, if f ...4":,
.i; ,4 .4 A
ch the ear of your Ma ' i .--', .444 M
true tone. We • .:,i 1. ~,,,i, ,;..... ,r.
(1 NI 0