The Express.
London, England, 1848-05-09 00:00:00

G, MAY 9, 1848.

-.-------------------".--
the attention of hon. meshes, to the reports Of
the commissioners . as to the statical* Mblnielbolea....
.....
fin the meet aloas parts of
16111 pigsties, and pigs), of Coventry, 11,dellWeillie
Milano, where the mortality from the cholera
of any during
tees
Mee
of that awful visitation ass the greatest
kingdom--of the towns in Lanceshire and the West
Riding of Yorkshire, especially VI to the oonditirm of the
courts and alleys in which the working classes resided, to
rove the necessity of immediate legislation on the subject,
and of the establishment of some central supervising power
in aid of the local authorities. The hon. member for War-
wiekshire hed oomplained that the measure would be a very
easily one; he (Mr.
effectn, on the contrary,
that it would in all emu ff a great saving, by reduCing
the amount of the poor rates, the cost of keeping
,up hospitals and gaols—for, when the health and
' comfort of the working classes were secured, habits
of prudence and industry followed as a matter of
warm, and the temptation to intemperance and dis-
etl was removed. He believed this bill would give
to tbe l autlioritiee powers which they hod not at present,
and to the want of which was to be attributed in must cases
—and sot to their unwillingness to act—the present die
grateful state of our densely populated towns. (Hear.) It
bad been objected that the bill substituted a system of 'go
vernment centralisation for one of local control, and that the
whole power was to be placed in the bands of the noble lord
(Nemeth). II hon. gentlemen who made that objection
would only read the bill, they would find they were
mistaken. In the first place, the bill established a
board of supervision, the only appointments in whose hands
were an inspector and an auditor : with this exception, the
whole power would rest with the local hostile. It was true
that the surveyor must be approved by
tmenthe central board.
'This was neosmary to ensure the appointment of qualified
woos, and to prevent the office being made a vehicle for
bieg. If, however, there was any objection to this elfo-
- it might be al'tered in committee. 3 tray rinciple of
the bail was to ensure the cerrying out of sanimeasures,
and to preserve the health tat the people—to that principle
no obj.eiiou had been or he presumed would be made ; all
the objections which hail bun urged »leered to matters of
detail which might be discussed in committee. With
filmed to the metropolis, the evidence of their own
senses wall sufficient to convince them that the
old system of sewerage was bad. In those streets,
where the large old fiat-bottomed sewers remained
the smell arising from them at certain 1011101111 was almost in-
tolerable, while in those in which the oval sewers, with the
smell end downwards, by which a flush of water for carry-
ing off the decomposing matter was secured, had been sub-
stituted, there was no smell at all. In the courts Allan
old-
alleys
the substitution of the round earthenware pipes for
fashioned drains had been found more effective and con-
siderably chums.. With regard to water lied cleansing, it
bad been found that wherever the clansing bed been
ca iried nut effectively it had paid its ow
ever be
n expen.
INo system ot drainage, however, could
I complete without a good supply of water, and in
many of our large towns there was no supply at
all fur the purposes of cleansing, nur fur the demote: re-
quirements of the people, unless such as was brouxbt in carts
and sold at their doers. In this respect, means must he
taken to enforce some improvement. After the concession the
noble lend bad made in carrying out the measure by means
of two unpaid commissioners, he sincerely hoped that the
opposition, threatened by hon. gentlemen
in
agai on the o
ther a
billide
of the house, would not be persevered
a
brought forward, aud anxiously promoted, by two successive
governaseats, and sanctioned by • commission.being so, t Those hhey
on.
gentlemen desired to uphold property. That
ought to r collect that the poor man's property was his
health, strength, and power, to labour for the henefit of
himself, his wife and family. (Hear, hear.) lie call, d upon
them, therefore, to lay aside their disputes, and endeavour to
improve this bill in committee, instead of attempting to reject
it; a coons which if successful, would go far to
paralyses the energii a of the Isbouring man and d
to estro
hisy
his c .mforts by taking away that protection
health which alone enabled him so earn his bread He
could not conclude without expressing his surprise that so
%whir • roceding on the part of the opponents of the bill
should be e resorted to, as sending an anonymous publication
to every town-council in the kingdom, slating that by the
centralising ate hority to be plated over the their influenceaffairs
taken from them. Surely such weapons.)ere unworthy the
opponents of the measure. (Hear, ar
Mr. C. PEARSON observed that it was extremely difficult
to define the boundary line between the principle and details
of a bill ; as that which one hon. gentleman might consider
a principle, another might rcgsrd only as a matter of detail.
Hence the frequent reply to objections egainst this bill:
" They are only matters of detail—let us comider them in
committee." His idea of the principle of this bill wi a this—
that so many cities, towns, and boroughs in the country as
huge vernment should please to distinguish by an order in
council were to he taken out of the elicitor law, which
vested the power of making sanitary regulations in a local
authority, and plead under the control of a governmeat
board—that was to say, that the time-honoured institutions
of the country were, like ricketty children, to be piaci d in
the go-cart of government centraliaation. That was, in his
estimation, the principle of the bill, and, being altogether
opposed to it, he could not consent to go into committee for
the purpose of considering how it might best be carried out.
The bon gentleman p,oceeded to combat the arguments of
the lasi and other speakers, that this hill would materially
improve the social and physical condition of the people, by
referring to thi sanitary se stem of France and other continental
countries, of which be said this bill was an imitation, and show-
ing that under that system those countries were inferior to
England in morality, longevity, and physical comforts. The
proportion of deaths in France was 1 in 42 ; in Primes' 1 in
38; in Austria, 1 in 33; in Russia, 1 in aft ; and in England.
lin 45. The hon. ore Tolman did not state what returns he
quoted from, but argued, that in England, under her own
principle of local self. governmint, there was less mortality
than in these countries where the system of contralieation
sought to be established by this bill was in operation. Ile
also quoted largely from returns respecting early marriages,
showing a great preponderance in favour of England, and
particularly London, while the number of illegitimate '
children was proportionately small. He wholly acquitted the
noble lord the member for London cf haviag omitted that city
from the bill, because of his political connexion; and must
'
do him the justice to say, that be believed there was not the '
slightest foundation for any such imputation Ile opposed ;
this bill not for the City of London, but as a member of par- '
liament speaking for the eountry at large ; and as such, he !
must ay with regret that the grossest misrepresentations had
been palmed upon the country respecting it. As the temple 1
so was the sack. Ile found it stated in a report of the sub. I
committee of the Health of Towns' Association—a body of 1
propagandists who were trying to infect ths minds of the la.
tion—" that since 1838 upwards of 58,000 children were de-
stsoyi el in London who would not have been destroyed if the ',
rate of mortality was the same as in the district of Lewis- r,
barn." If fairness were intended, a place having only shout '
600 inhabitants widely separated would not have been chosen •
as a comparison end placed in contrast with a thickly pa I
pulated city. This showed the manner in which the public
mind had been drugged by the advocates of this measure.
Ile would add that though during the years stated the
had died
whole
number of children aged 5 years and under who
in the City of London was 5125, the number was stated '
in the publications put forth by these amociations
58.0011. Ile (Mr Pesrecni) should be ashamed to make
these charges heroin the absence of those patties, unless he
hail previously made them bet. re a body of the members of
these seeociations, when the secretary of the health o Towns '
Association and the secretaryof the Metropolitan Association
were both present; and yet when he made the charge they '
stood mute monuments of detected impositions, which they
'
had not the courage to defend. Hence he had a right to
chare against these men peblicatione and statements which '
we grosdy untrue, mid only put forth to influence votes in
favour of this measure. Still, however, he diditar not pretend
rove
to say then there was not room for great sany imp
ments—that admission he made as broadly as he could state
it. (Ilear, hear.) He would mention one case mated in a
report published by the Statistical Society, to which Colonel
Sykes, Dr. Guy, and Mr. Neeson were nudes. The case
hnd reerence to aarticular locality, to which presently he
wouldf give a name lie reed it with shame and humiliation,
to think that he lived in a country where each scenes were
permitted to take place. These gentlemen cis
to the
condition of 18 houses which had been visited consecutively.
Each of these contained a dense population, closely packed
together to an extent which it was frightful to contemplate.
In these abodes the maximum amount of cubic feet of air was
270 feet, but the average was 176 cubic feet of air for respiratory
purposes. Why any felon in the country was alloweds
hea in
lt h,
his
cell 1,000 cubic feet of air for the purposesof hi,
had an
and yet them poor creatures, thus huddled together
toeing° of only 176 feet. The report went on to state that in
these wretched ray des all ages and vexes were dwindled
together, tethers and daughter*, mothers and sons, brothers
and sisters, admt strangers, male and female, and
that young
children—the sick and the dying—to a pressure eve
brutes would reeist ; and nmong them it was impassible to
observe the ordinary decencies of life, and hence iinmorality
and vice grew with their growth and streugthened with
their snength. To put an end to such a system he would
willingly join with any man or body of men. Hut where
did all this take place, and under whose control and govern-
ment ? Why the locality was Churchaitreet, St. Giles'e, and
the authority was that of the Woods and Forests. (Hear.)
The house was aware that an act had been passed giving
authority to the Woods and Forests to construct a new street
through St. Giles's to c"nnect Holborn with Oxford-street ;
and for the constrution of the new street • tax
was imposed upon all cools imported into London. This
tax, it had been untruly charged, was manage el by the cor-
poration of London. On the contrary, the management was
placed in the Weeds and Forests which department had
a fund from that source of soo,doot.. with which to make
the new street, to pull down half the houses of the locality,
and to make arranements for the better accommodation uf
the people who would thus be displaced from their habita-
tions. And what had been the result were,hy the houses
had been pulled down, and tho people driven into the
wretched absdes denvibed in the report he had quoted, the
inmates of which had thus bees increased to
ot the Woods
the extent of
67 per cent. So much for the management
and Forests.
Lord MORPETII intimated across the table that the new
street and alterations alluded to bad not been carried out by
the Woods and Forests, but under the Commissioners of
Metropolitan Improvements,rove of which body the Lord Mayor
was a member. s)
Mr. C. PEARSON resumed.—Ile was aware of the
convenience of putting in a commiesion a few dummies (a
'neigh), and no doubt the name of the Lord Mayor had been
included in the commission to give it an appearance of popu-
laity ; but no man could doubt that the Lord Mayor, hoer-
ever respectable, would sick into measureless insignificance
in the presence of an individual of so high a position as the
noble lord. (Loud laughter.) If, therefore, the 'Nem :s aud '
Forests managed affair, so wretchedly so near 'tome, what
rould be calculated upon as the result of th-
,ir controlling
rower and surmision of works in dimwit p. aria of clic cowl-

...._._._._.___._._._Th
try under this bill ? (Hear, hear.) In the course of this should be in idelled on the lodestars Act of Mee. see
discoid= the subject of the visitation of cholera in this ',Hat this no argument whatever had been offered. &is."'
gonna, moms years ap lead been alluded to. At that time-- some such modification were consented to, it would let sea.
Pan existiag authority, oe-e0,..
stamalye in len he lead been appointed chairman over 97 I alibis for the tell to get through committee in ex mueose"-
dbosbyrd, and the host of in P, tree
-7
parishes to administer a fuad of 10,0001. voted by the oorpo- (Laughter.) The noble lord the member fur Felkirk 11M
ration. He entered on this point to show the advantage of Lincoln), who was th iroughly muter of tee subjmee7s,
local government. The i ity of London determined to act given notice of an amendment by the omission of me c.0.,' --"'
Pr themselves, ' despite he frightful edict issued by the and fifth clauses; and this would in a gnat m teeeoeres
Privy Council at that time, at the heed of which was the the centralising powers, for the rest of the bill w aki-'n,,,,_
Marquis of Lanadowne. The eitisens of London stood their become Minim nugatory. lie hoped the govern: t Mei.,""'"'
ground, ss had their pndecemors at the time of the plague. not he greedy of patronage, but would c memo termeeeeeee
rilwl setorst:r tnghe.'cexenrtcreal
oThnewydfofrrommedthiet th‘teetwrsoowfasoi rut
eantrurdoorof
rhdemalthd ,
thwehsicohaeti.e-
ment medical men as to the contagious character of the di- sub inspectors throughout the country, would tOle-se,..ese
sere. And what had been the consequence of the course by the government ; this had create.' a strung le.ii,Tor,
pursued ? In Paris, where the disease was treated as cones pugnance amongst the local authorities of every mei lts
gents, the deaths were as lin4o • while in Londonowhich kingdom, who were denouncing the gamine...a for 114 '
had taken its own course of prece:dure, the deaths had been contrive d, out of an I rel famine, to create 10,000 D.,....1
in the proportion of lin 400 of the population. These acre patromme-the noble lord the member f r Lyen (le;ielnlo
proofs that the management of 11. affairs ought to be left Bentinck) declared the number was 16.000. (love:.
to local authorities, whose exertion' ought not to be per- This bill created an immense caw ear 4 patronage e7O) '
milted to be paralysed or deadened by the influence exercised, if not by the government die me, b ',ore
or interference of government eOlninialiortere. (Hear, who had imposed on them by their esors f sees oe,
hear.) lie did not think he shout
do service The view which he entertained was this tieit .......%.*
to the cause which he sincerely advocated if be said number of respectable persons would b„ e„,,,,5e jaoTe4IM le
more than to express his conviction that if this bill should large towns who would be willing to adopt se {kale IR
Melte
rain, whatever the country might choose to submit to, the sums fur the preservation of the health or the irdisouse, ele
City of London and the metropolitan districts would not He woold not ohjeet to a temporary men
eard te se—oe es.
tolerate such • measure being applied to them. (Hear.) measure set in motion, but they SAOUM wit superse*.k.-..
Lord ASHLEY said he was very anxious to imprese upon la al authorities. He was in favour of a peeper rem"'
the house the absolute and indispensable necemity ..of corn. but they seuuld know Wore they went into meanie-es:et
mencing some measure calculated to remove grievances whet principles they were going to proceedoebeseemeeei
which weighed so heavily upon the working classes. (Hear, would fall into the same confusion that they did last -I
hear.) His noble friend opposite (Lord Morpeth) bail said (Hear, hear.) fele
the other night that this was a working man's bill. His Copt. PIfCUBLL admitted that the gm-eminent moo
noble friend had never uttered a tsuer thing. The measure voured as far as they could to meet the VISA'S fth "-
o eiblle•
was connected with the working man's whele existence. It tors to the measure. lie admitted elm .hat a
began at his home-it affected his capacity. to go abroad-it of this kind was necessary, but the principle ut tent sjla
' touched his health, and it increase! or diminished his means which wits enforced in the bill rendered it tome Mina is
a obtaining a livelihood for his wife, his family, and himself. shouldeople of the country. (Hear, hear.) He thoughrjosse
This question, formerly unknown to the people, wee now be careful before they took out of the hinds of il.
well understood by them, and it, accomplishment was one people the administration of their local aflaire a me-
'of the dearest objects they had at heart. Hence it affected however, vote for going into committee, but „.,,,;;;707,
' not merely the phtsical and moral condition of the workin Mew of paring, as the noble lord the member fir Both oul
Manes, but also this ir political content or discontent, just en :he talons of tnis iormidable tiger. (Leo ter.) se ssee-"e
legislative: measures for seretary improvement were metres he would resist all attempts to plus the low be-a"
adopted or neglected. lie did not deny that them were wider. the thought ot theentral commieson. (lame
great difficulties ia the way of legislation on this subject, Mr. W. MlLESthat the government were remi
nor that it required great ingenuity and perseverance to to the central board mute authority than wes
devise a measure which should be an antidote fur the pro- carry out the eill. lie considered the preirrit =LI:
digious and intolerable evils which at present existed. But . great improvement on the measure of last Mu, sail es
the greatness of these difficulties could not be, and ought net would be prepared to vote for g•iing into comma's if th
to be, any argument for she
the present measure noble lord oppoeite adopted the reasonable suerustimo es
at
the
very threshold of he due mmoderation- hon, member tor Oxfordshire. He thought the pre
namely, in committee ; and he (Curd Ashley) were wrung in not including the metropolis in the bel, le.
gave to his noble friend opposite (Lord Morpeth),, and to MUMS all the facts ehowed that the mortaliiy in the metrtpli
the government, the highest praise for the manner in which war far greater than in other parte of the astray,
they had addressed themselves to this question, and the ai.d contemn:Lily stood in greater need et omits ''
mode in which they had encountered those difficulties. At He hoped some member of the government soald give se
the same time, he fairly told them that, in committee, the explanation of the construction of the coolie horde(
bill was susceptible a great improvement ; but, whether or mission rs, end in the meantime he would suspend his)'
not, he (Lord tahley) implored the house to let the go- meat.as to the measure.
vernment have the opportunity of dealing with the bill in Mr NEWDECIATE said that the bill would tame,
committee; because it was a measure which had already supersede all local Weeds, and in that repee it mold e
got so strong a hold upon the minds of the people, that it very objectionable.. The object whice the prov
was essentially Dammam, to prove to them in detail what mem. dto have in view was to centralise the whole of the
was, or was not, feasible in respect to the removal of the powers of the provincial towns, and to place thee parse
various abominetions to which they were at present exposed. the hands of the cenimissioners of the central beard. no
It had been stated thst the existing law was sufficient to body was to have the power of app euting local offices ts
effect all purposes. The law was strong to remove nui- any extent which might be deemed fit. (Divide.) Its
althea provided men had the means to go to law ; hoped, however, that the noble lord (Mormh) meld*
but Still they. were insufficient, or unequal to seek to ex, reuse the powers sought I. r under the bill woo
the institution of improvements, especially in reference to diudvantege of the local boards. (Divide.) lie hoped*
the due end sufficient supply of water, and therefore he re- some assurance from the government that such ntraordiam
ttedvestigation hes hope
cocommutethat the
e. bill
He wou(Lold h
rd e allAshledo ) should .
have ventured to address the house on this subject, had it Mr. WI. LD, amidst great confusion and cries d
not been for the observations addressed to the house the last "d vide," was understood to say that his rons.iteenu ie.
eight of the debate by the hon. member for West Surrey proved of the bill in so far as the central beat was ealmlere
persons Drummond), who stated that • number of intereetea to ounteract local jobbing, and in their Vit. W he miler
, availing themselves of the feeline which prevailed in concurred. Toe large masses of the people wire taroattet
the country, had got up an agitation in order to carry a to the measure as a w hole, though there wire parts slit
measure of this description. As he :Lord Ashley) had been which were objectionable.
most deeply embarked in the whole of this movement-as the gallery was then about to be cleared fora difisite,
he had long been actively engaged in the endeavour to when
obtain • legislative measure on this subject, he was reaiy Mr. URQUHART withdrew his amendment ; age
to take upon himself a share of as much blame as upon the house went into committee on the Mil.
could to Cast upon the proreeding ; but he would leave it to The preemble was postponed. Clause Ile Inc propesee
the hon. member (Mr. Drummond) to show that he (Lord Mr. BANKES objected to the exclusion ot loam Me
As
bed exhibited a grain of selfishness in the matter. the provieieris of the bill. The metropolis contained re
(Hear, bear.) And he would ask the hon. member whether, work's, chemical worko and other manuract eies genentirg
in the opposition to the measure, there was not something of noxious vapours, *hien rendered sanitary regulations mart
selhshness, and a low and mean regard to pecuniary interests ? necessary, than in any other part of the kinedom. aloe
(Hear, hear When the hon. member treated the subject hear.) lie need t
his o farther than the college genets •
with so much jocoseness, he must have forgotten, or never prove the truth of assertion. In Westminster Moe
have known, the deep feeling which existed through the the head master was ill ; several of the scholars Mahn
country upon it. He could not have known that in almost attacked ; the Dom of Westminster was also dicta-
every large town local boards had been formed 0 investigate and, when such a state of things was
trim a
abuses sad to make periodical reports which, from beginning to exclude the metropolitan districts teem e qa
to end, showed one and the same complaint of the total tion of the bill was a line of policy which he meld sa
inadequacy of the law for the removal of the great and understend. lie called upon the noble lord to prolate t .
pressing evils they denounced. There had been two pelt- measure intended for the whole nation ; or, at alluvium
none from the city he represented-one praying to be es- begin with Lendon, where the necessity for mutter/ogee.
empted from the bid-the other from the inhabitants, calling none oas most seriously felt. It was the fact, Oise
tepee their representatives not to give way to local intlaenoes attributing for a moment undue attention on the partite
but to make it subservient to the gener gocd. lie (Lord noble lerd to the interests of his censtituente, that thole
Ashley) therefore found himself at liberty to act as he liked, rests and wishes of London were more iminedistely anneal
and, acting as he liked, he should vote for the bill going to in that house than those of any other town in theldso
into committee and there introduce such amendments as to doze. This was not right. If London was to be ached
him seemed neCessary. The lion. member for West Surrey on anemic of the antiquity of its cortmation, there Adt
hap sae d what poseible connection there could be between many nibi r towns in the kingdom which aright put re.
tyhus and crime. Ile replied that the state of things similar j4ea. He moved that all the word, which mete
in the dwellings of the working classes was such I exclude L orlon and Westminster from the hill be omitted
that fever and disease were engendered-the labouring Lord IMORPETH was free to admit that the exclueme
man was thereby rendered unable to pursue his honest avo- the metropolis WAS the main defect of the bill. (Remises
cations. Diemen and want came, and was followed by th.R But when it was remembered that there were a hued
and crime as the culy means of subsistence. This was shown local acts referring to the metropolis, it would not be
in the r 1 port of Dr. Ned Arnott to be the cam in Glasgow, dent! at that it had been found memory to exclude item
and here he must remark that he regretted Scotland was not th cpssent bill. lie aso
regretted the exclusion others/
included in the provisions of the bill. not .nd ; but his belief was that the sanitary condi*
The LORD ADVOCATE-There will be a separate bill of both those countries would be better advanced by stogie
for Scotlend• measures than by incorporating them in one vast sad*
Lord ASHLEY rejoiced to hear that announcement. The manageable bill. Tie question was whether this anew
connexion between di
el and crime was shown in the com- WAS a boon to the dioxins contempla dor not. If it eat
munications of Dr. Niel Arnoto at Glasgow, by the reports boon, the exclusion of the metropolis was no teacake is. J
of Mr. Francis Cooper, the Burgeon of Southampton, and by prising other citmo of the advantages intended. (The
ell of which he iuvithee. of the Bea Mr Clay, thechaplain of the Preston Hume hear) lie trusted that he should seen be able to widener
of Correction, to ted the attention of the the case of the metropolis, and he congratulated hiniself vd 1
hon. member (Mr. Drummond). Again he (Lord Ashley). the prospect of having for an able assietst the hon. mete '.
from the examination he bad personally made, had not the for Doreetshire.
slightest doubt that tar more than one-hall of the habits of Colonel SI BTHORP objected to the bill in tots It
intoxicetion which (begrime large towns arose from the looked upon it as a government job, °encoded for the m
sanitary condition in which the people were at present coin- pee of providing places for some of the lean end hungrili
pelted to live, and further, he would join his noble friend the lowers of the noble lord and his colleagues. I.l.onver,
member for Plymouth (Lord Ebrington) in saying that all noble lord would consent to include the cities of Loads a 1
attempts at the educetion of the people were vain, no lag as Weerminster it would remove one of jos mein objectoss a
they Wen) left in their present sanitary condition. lie (Lord the bill.
Ashley) could add, in reference to the ragged schools, that Lord MORPETH said he had already given his moss
the children in returning to their miserable homes unlearnt for not includ.ng London.
in one hour more then it had taken weeks to teach them. Colonel SIBTIIORP.-Then lam delighted to teple
Ile trusted the house would allow the bill to go into corn- you. (A laugh.)
ratetee, making what amendments they thought prop.r, The Marquis of GRANBY strongly ohjrctee to the nth
thereby taking ono great step towards placing these peer sion of the metropolitan districts; but further, the billn
people on the proper level of humanity. (Cheers.) ohjectioneble on account of the odious and eau-Eoglishp
Mr. MUNTZ did not oppose the bill going into committee. ciple of cent retention which it contained.
Ile was quite aware that something needed Mon ,• g • but there IMr. NEW DEGATE maid that the noble lord had ate
' d the one bowlful local
were many improvements which he should like to see in Mine acts of Landon as a tootle
the bill. He doubted whether any sanitary measure would excluding it from the bill. He (Mr. Newdegatti *
effect so much as the noble lord who had last spoken was so know how many country local acts would this bill phe e
sanguine as to expect from it. Centralisation was the the merry of Rove rnment ?
great objectioa to this bill; the large towns had their local go- Lerd MORPETH admitted that there WAS an hole
vernments ; and if other places had not, why should the cur- number of local acts scattered over the ceuntry. It trete
porate towns have this vast additionel machinery thrust upon tact of the 100 local acts being in a lump that cogitate
them ? Let the bill give the right of electing inspectose tothe the diffi .ulty in the case of London.
rate-payersowho must bear the charge ; otherwise the best Mr. HU SON said that every town in Eagles& es
and most efficient men would refuse to act, as had been the opposeel to the centralising principle of the bill. lie le
Me in the board of guardians at Birmiugham. Many people just returned from the ancient city of York, si here Mena
expected too much from such a measure as this; the needle-
, , determined opposition had been resolved on. lie slide
poiaten would nerve live to above 40 years if they reliatu 'n see why all the wisdom of English corporate bodies are'
the most healthful place in the world ; and there were other be supposed to centre in the City of London. Whet if
medic little less destructive of human life, lie beheved the I complained of in York was, that the corporation bads
edical officers had a great interest in over-stating the case, power to insist on efficient drainage. (Hear, beer.) lime
in order to prove a netessity for their own employment. The „ bear, hear," too. That was a reason ten giving Oil*
salaries of these otficers were tn be heed by government maul power to the corporation, but not for Gent:deign
What local body would submit to such dictation as this ? The principle of government in this country was thattassio
Ile doubted whether the present measure could be BO tut- and representation should go together, and he and Ovate
proved at to render it acceptable to the nation ; perhaps the the towns in the country objected to giviim omen to ste
least trouble would be to withdraw it and introduce a mould body ti tax them. He hoped the noble lad sae
new bill. abandon that pan of the bill which placed the tonal W!'
Mr. J. STEWART said that before the home went into the control ot the central board of London, and he see:.
committee they ought thoroughly to understand the princi- depend upor it that the towns would theaelves, it Or 0 •
Mee by which the committee was to be gar- led. The pniiti- rosary power was given to them, do all that was rquire. •
tile of centralisetion, for instance, so tar-from being nec.s- RUSSELL remarked that nine-tenths of tete •
sary to this bill, would ruin ay wafture on the subject ; eastakeu up is giving those powers to local bodieeelliell.
and he hoped that the noble lord who had introduced the hon. so utleeian wished tor. It was srue that oar faro
bill would be led to entertain this view. It was must
ote the bill relerred to the estiffilieement of a centralfo
jotionable that any thrs e men in London thould be invested (Hear, hear.) But he thought it far better that Otte*
with mover to overrule all the local authorities in the king- ton or the committee sheuld be directed tu the ogee
dom. The power given to the privy council of repealiog whether the plan proposed by the Fiortrantenr, or th5!„...,4°
local sets relating to drainage was also highly objectioniable. noble lord the member for Falkirk, should be erwi"
These were the two points which presented ouse going rather theism discussing the question of centralimumei
into committee on the bill ; and it was, t too mint
• • I Mr. BROTIIERTON supports d the bill. The bass'
far the noble lord (Moreeth) to chap those who insists t
pubic Ler fur Sunderland had admitted that tee corporal!.
on these points with an intention to obstruct the pu •
Yot li *shish had a lullnew
act, had not the power .
business, lie (Mr. Stewart) should think it most um ~ ' .ta if .
to
ahtt es
fair to be called an opeonent of the public health turu:u""Dg"4" a which had 'p_3 he
und„lottlY7,
bill ; early in the session, he had made an offer to the noble m t those;towns
lord who conducted the bill to discuss its provisions in pro
• atter aew words Mr.
from lintoosts Lid Mr. BOO-
sate ; end some interviews had taken place, but they had committee divided. .
split on the two points he had alluded to. He believed Mr. For the retention of the words ........ 240-10
Chadwick to be an industrious and meritorious individual ; For the amendment .................. 71
...,
meal!'
and much turned on the degree of credence to be attached to Mr. URQU HART had presented a petition, em-e,
01 ..
his evidnce. He had collected evidence on eleven points, the medic o men ot Stafford and a large number ....es
. dbe Ow'
all directed to the expediency of a central authority, and the habitants of the boreugh, against the bill, au _so
inefficiency of local authority. One question asked was, how the part of his constituents the same exception 101101
far there were individuals in any town in Great Betsin fit hoe admitted in the case of London. lie viould sort
to be entrusted wth sanitary work, or with imposing and Stafford be e xempted. emeso
cutlectiug rates; and tee answers were given in a report of Col. SI.BTHORP said that the hon. gent' _es
thee
sub -committee of the Health of Towns Association, an exemption in favour of Stafford; he for Ms arta:
Visct. MORPET 11.-1 think I ought to nay that, to the an , eempoen in favour of Lincoln. If the War:
rk
best of my belief, Mr. Chadwick has had no concern what- atilious ale eat cleaoing, let them set to we . _
ever with that publication. to usury bench they would fled the ebb
di, net
_'se
Marm
Mr. STEWART believed the noble lord would find he hearth content. (Leughter.) He wormy ;rte. Air.
WAS a little mistaken in that matter ; for he had resmived the purity of the city of Lincoln; he had rcprese en
pamphlet from a government officer, who had sent it to him thee twenty years by the unbouseit refugee ot tieteft
00
to convince him of his error in opposing centraliestion. The and he warted fur it as full a right to be d
answers to those questions in 49 towns out of 50 were els seeing care as the slit of
• London Of the cif!
elated ette
"None'"-in 'elect, that in those towns, even in the City of miuster. which the noble lord was iutim . .
London inelf, there was not a single in de and mirth
• dividual ht to be en- inn from the operation of his so crude me
trusted with santary work, or (Laughter mposing and col- sure. The whole thing was a miserable, see es..
lecting f
ortes rates for the purpowe. .) This was too got up as a mode of feeding a pack of 110 lent
brit the
absurd for argument. It could not be supposed that the tenet dependents, who had no resource
people of Englana woule ever submit to the extraordinary the people. AO
powers proposed to he given to the central board and N ocount INGESTRE had a perfeet loon .._,
akieg....
alelioe, wv.
to the privy council. All private acts were to be placed at ford, and he might Minot say of all its pop
1\ k
the mercy of this be
; and commisaioners, he understood. could hear hie testimony that he a s
had already been appointed to make inquiry as to the open, morally or physically, required a more dotage
Hon of these 'cue He approved of suit taquiry, but de- (Laughter.)
cidedly objected to the centralisation to which tt we s pro- Mr. UAW:HAAT withdiew his amcredneent.
timed to lead. Let government cam nt to modify eh e tdeic- Clause 1 was then agreed to. .
eetaiece me
tionnble centralisation chum*, and the house woe el ce Soto lhe CHAIIIM xX rep.ntrd prdr, es and o
committee forthwih. Toe him. memesr ter to f 'rehire sit amin on 'Thurolay.
eMr, lice
Wed very properly etisgmte4 that the bill Tao boa. auliourned it a Tarter*, rem e'elodk

Vitt 0

Ile mails for British North i$
Val be made op oaths evening e 4
The West bulls Ka* mho_ -•
Honduras, New Orlwo, Vera Cr r
Winding lbw for Madeira, L.
4314,111, Panama, West Coast of
yrkeengua, will be made up on th.
Ilse malls for Vlgo, Oporto, Lb •
vritli be made up on the mornW/ t
The overland mails tel (libretto
mapt, Ade madeylon, iOll4l, j
sonibw.lll be up on the morn,
omiand closed mails, via Al
Paypt, Aden, Ceylon. India, lion.••
evening of the 24th May.
The malls for New South Ws
Zen/end will be made up on the e•
The mills for the West "."3,aist o"
ep ea the evening of the 31st Mc*
His mails (or the brasiis, Ors I •
bow Bahia, Matleirs, and burn ,
evening of the 3rd June.

NOTICE TO A
The number of STAMPS
81=1).0111m, during 1847, 1' t
DAILY NEWS was.. •

This, we believe, is withit.
lotted to the Morning He'
Morning Post, ALL PUT TO
In addition to the above,
Morning Paper, there wen
THE EXPRESS .... .

---
Which eras more, we bel e•
the Globe or Standard. BIT .1

SION 14 AUK A[
Two flow—
14Morelos. II 010. onl
To

LONDON, TUI?
THE reform movement
strength. It is in the n
animates men in manses, s'.
and assumes more or less h
In the rural districts met
quent contact—opinion h- 1
the proximity and watcl.f•
fal individuals, less prompt
populations of Birmingh
numerous other towns in
between Trent and Tyne
and unaninmusly, numer.
and adhesion are audib' e
duals as far south as Devo
Aberdeen. In the Hou
estimate of the number of
with the movement in.•
not less than a hundrer .
Of still more cons q.
the numbers of avo•v
went is the growin;
with which their plat
expressed in private co
been anticipated, there
ference in the plane w.iic
am*. But the views
public meetings have -
the discordant voices ha
firmer sound. Men •
their private speculeio
unprofitable controve:si
opinion pointed in the d
and efficient measure, li
theoretical precision lay
The changes in the el
by the parties who have
reformers of the enfranc.
classes are : —Trienn lel
frage ; electoral districts
by ballot ; abolition of
present required in me.
land and Ireland; and .
neratioa to repreeentati
four the expression o
decided. The fifth
at some meetings,
have been raised aga
diffidently hinted at tha
It is easy to account
more peremptorily claim
mente have been a the
tion of the common ty
Septennial Act; house•
familiar idea with the
and importance of sec
paratively little attcnti.
of 1831 was brought i.
dinal point with none
gent and active, class •
the Westminster .R tie
experience of every e
place has added
the principle. To en
eleetors the ballot i. n•
mast be numerous. A•
any abstract idea of .
aetly to population. h
pretty extensive elm .
eyes of the public.
mind is made up. :
even those who at '
tions of too bold a ch
with and reconcile
much seriousoppositi
ranks of reform to th
property qualificat o.
What is want ed
is any chance of o
of strict logics.
tion that will en-a
who ask for refo
citizens who, hay n.
selfish administr,.to
administrators va.
work mainly wit).
House of Comr o.
apt instrument
House of Comm()
has been approNt,
this end. In demon
attention is apt to
which prevail at el
and demoralising i
the constitution •.f
which would rc ad

obtaining good Fl
toxication, and
were not Kati
very limited el
and still more t.
constituencies c -1'
to them, the lio
eentation of the g
There is in thi•
class composed 0,
landowners, an,• t
are constantly
tile, clerical, 1..,,
whom ability ,r
and distincti,
t ion of our
body into constit
sometimes by 1 ri
also by more v, n
general electiot s
i's own memb
against this ab.L.
and the value or
of reform dept a.
abuse.
The first qn
of the theory of
selves, at Fe.
is likely to gave
represent the g.
the governing
1841, we find t
Britain and he
6,752,113 Mitt
and 4,775,63..
must be made
for those that
in return, some
number of at:
years of age
recognise as t
ante must also
than one inde
leave little d,
would give us
of the whole

upwards. T.
all classes it
as they beat
tion of the
ensured by t
adequate ex t
this electoral
i‘nd. wishes

_______l.-J