The Express.
London, England, 1853-10-27 00:00:00

TO THIS BUITUIL OF THE Exrreass.

SIR,—I have recently had the honour to suggest
• national tribute of admiration and respect to his Royal
Ilighness Prince Albert as the originator of the Great Ex-
hibition of 1851.

It is proposed to erect, on some part of the site of the
Great Exhibition, a monument of which the principal
figure should be that of his royal highness, as a memorial
illustrative of that great event, and at the same time as an
evidence of the gratitude of the British nation for the
eminent services rendered upon that occasion by the consort
of our beloved Queen to the industrial and commercial in-
terests of the community.
The project has hitherto met with unanimous approba-
tion. The support I have already received appears to
render success certain ; but my great anxiety is that the
movement should be of a general and popular character.
May I, therefore, take the liberty of asking you to inform
at your earliest convenience whether you concur in the
movement, and if so, to what extent I may count on your
support ?
I take the liberty of annexing a few of the names of
noblemen and gentlemen from whom I have received pro-
mise of support.—l am yours faithfully,
Mansion-House, Oct. 15. THOMAS. CHALLIS.

The Lord Mayor, 501.; Duke of Devonshire, 50/. ; Duke
of Bedford, 501. ; Marquis of Breadalbane, 50/. ; Earl of
Ellesmere, 501. ; Earl Spencer, 501. ; 'Aid John Russell,
501 ; Lord Overstone, 50/. ; Right Hon. Edward Strait,
501.; J. K. Brunel, Esq., 501.; S. M. Peto, Esq., 501.;
Clowns and Sons, 601. ; Marquis of Westminster, 501. ; S.
C. Hall, Esq., 601.; Duke of Norfolk, 1001.; Lord Mather-
ston, 201. ; Sir Strafford Northcote, Bart., 201. ; Sir John
Boileau, Bart., 25/. ; Sir:Joseph Paxton, 251. ; Sir William
Cubits, 20/. ; Spicer, Brothers. 251.; Samuel Morley, Esq.,
251.; C. Wentworth Dilke, Esq., 201. ; R. W. Kennard,
Esq., 101.; T. F. Gibson, 101.; T. flanker, M.P., 101.;
Don M. De 'nazi, 101.: Sir C. Lye'', 101.; S. Scott Russell,
Esq., 10/. ; Sir C. Eastlake, P.R.A., 10/. ; F. Fuller, Esq.,'
101. ; Sir R. Murchison, 101. t C. R. Cockerel', R.A.
101. ; Professor Faraday, 101.; G. H. Barly, R.A., 10/. ;
Sir John Lubbock, 10/. ; Professor Lindley, 101. 10s. ; Lord
Wodebouse, 101. ; Sir IL De la Beche, 101. ; Proprietors
of " the Athenaeum," 101. 10s. ; Professor Graham, 101. ;
Professor Hopkins, 101. ; Sir A. Y. Spearman, Bart., 101. ;
Titus Salt, Esq., 25/. ; Hibbert Platt, and Co. 25/. ; Dan.
Mediae, ft.A., 51. ; G. T. Kemp, Esq., 61. ; Lord Mayor
of York, 51. ; W. Dyne, R.A.,
,51. ; Digby Wyatt, Esq.,
51. ; F. Bennock, Esq. 5/. ; R. Redgrave, R.A., 51. ; Pro-
fessor Edward Forbes, 51. ; Professor Owen, 51. ; E. Smed-
ley, Esq., 31. 3s. : J. and R. White (Cowes), 10/. ; Thomas
Stirling, 5/.; l'etcr Graham, Esq.,
.20/. ; S. Mordan and
Co., 201.

I, TORTURE" IN WINCHESTER GAOL.
A LETTER FROM THE CHAPLAIN.

TO THE EDITOR OP THE EXPIIE,S.

Sut,—The letter I addressed to the Visiting Jus-
tices of the New Prison at Winchester was not intended

kr the publick, unless further circumstances had rendered
A necessary to issue it as a general circular ; therefore I sent
copies to the Visiting Justices only at first in compliance
with the act of Parliament which requires that the
" Chaplain shall communicate from time to time any abuse
which may hare come to his knowledge."
An inquiry has been made to day by the Visiting
Justices and I am informed that the apparatus had been in
the prison under the authority of the Magistrates and was
similar to one used in the hospital for securing patients,
and that if I had heard explanations which in heat at an
expression dropped at the meeting I had declined to do, I
I might have heard sufficient to convince me that I was
mistaken in my view of the instrument.
Therefore however dreadful the effect may have appeared
to me since the use and disposal of the apparatus have been
with due sanction I beg to state that on this head no blame
is attached by me to the governor and matron of the
prison for the use of it although I differ as to such means
being likely to be successful in the treatment of criminals
I beg you to insert this letter in your columns and to ex-
press my regret that the matter should have been made so
publick before due explanation had been given

1 beg to remain your obedient Servant,
Oct. 2.i. It. J. W. Chaplain of the Prison.

CO.VGRESS OF MECHANICS 121:STITT:

T!O \'S.
-*--

TAMWORTII, Nt'ut)Nr.,n tv.

- -
The annual congress of the Midland Association of
Institutions was held in this town yesterda7.
In the morning, a meeting for business matters hid: plus
at the Town-ball, Attended by about fifty dilegates crow
Birmingham, Derby, Wolverhampton, &afford, We-limp,
Grantham, Lutterworth, Lanceln, Leicester, Chesterfield,
Nottio;hem, and other plre,x in the Midland Coun-
ties. The Earl of YARBOROUGH preshicd at the com-
mencement of the pruceedings, but was soon aftirwarda
succeeded by Sir Robert Peel, Bart., the President-elect for
the ensuing year. Suggestions of a practical character
were discussed, seine of which it was thought expedient to
adopt in the ceneuct of the TithlJA institutions, with tile
view to increase their efficiency and W. fulersr, and a eery
general coreurref.ce of opinion we, expressed s.n ti, Ki-j,ct
of the advantages which had lxca found to result frcm this
annual congress.

In the afternoon, the delegates visited Drayton Manor,
oil S r linbert reei's invitation, the celebritel galiery, eon.
tamping portraits of Lis illubtriens father's distinguished
tontemporarier, being opened to public view.
A wnversa:ione place at the Town-hall in tl.e mt.
mug—Sir ll,tbirt Peel in the chair. Amongst the e.:37 any
were the Earl of Yarhorough, Sir 11. Wilmot, Mr. Adler-
ley, M.P., Mr. M. Manes, M.P., Mr. Earn, M.P., Dr. Lyon
Playfair, Mr. M. D. Hill, Q.C., Recorder of Dirmh.gharn
Mr. W. S. Dugdole, of Merivale.ll7ll; Mr. C. 11. Brace.
bridge, of Atherstone-hall ; the Mayors of Birinicgt..ms,
Derby, Tamworth, &c.

BARNSLEY 31EC71.4NICS' 121-STITUTION.

--*--

The re-opening of the lecture hull of this institu-
tion P.ae just talo u place. sad on 'lll. .day evening a pub.
he mect.ug toth. place in it ; w..en Air. Conoax,
presided. . _ _

Mr. liauvrv, the president, intrcauced Mr. Cuban to
the niceting amidst loud applause.
Mr. Liaise, the post master, gm a short outline of tha
pet history of the institution, including its d. cry and re-
cent resamitation.

Mr. JACS.ON, surgeon, stated that the number of meat-
hers was recently 250, but within the last week the number
had been mercesed to 2eo. An analysis of the members
had shown that the institution was more a mechanics than
they had expected.
Mr. COBDEN, after some familiar remarks upon the in-
etitution, proceeded to ask 14 LLt were these inttitutiens
established fur ? Not as a System a eeucatiou, but to hue-
plenmet the %alit of educatiun, and we want the edufetion
still which we wanted when these institutions were lountied.
1 know this is mode a vexed queetion, and to mime extent
very question. I never regarded. at es a party question.
1 e.un't cure through what it comes—give me voluntary
education or state education, but education I want. (Loud
applause.) 1 can't accept statistics to prove the number of
people who attend scheels—to prove that the people
ere. educated, because 1 can't shut any eyes to wLat is
evident to my senses, Beet the people are not educated
—that they are nee being educated. (Applause.) I
was talking only yesterday with a merchant in Manches-
ter, who told me that he had attended at the swearing in
of the militia in one of the largest manufacturing towns
in Legiand, aid that not one-nalf of Ow:e swum in
could read, and not one-third could sign their name.
Olean beer.) Now, without wishing to utter any fanancal
opinion with regard to the peace question, 1 must say, with
ail sincerity, I think it weuld have been much eeeter to
EiN c hohded these young men over to the echo( la:aster
'either than the drill.bergeant—(" hear, hear," and laugh-
tei)—for I think the flinty of this country would be more
promoted by teaching them toread and write than by teaching
them to face about right rightly. (Laughter.) I wee talking
this subject over to an old friend of mite, at Preeton, audits
said, " I attended the coroner one day last week at an hi-
quest. There were thirteen jurymen—fire sieved their
lames, and eight nitric their mark." Can I shut my eyes
w what is goieg on around us ? I cannot, and theiefore
say we arc not an educated people ; and I say, it is our
duty—and our safety calls upon us to see that the people
are educated ; and 1 know of no place more fitting to die-
cuss this subject than in such a meeting ea this, because I
tike it tor granted you arc ail interested in it; you all ad-
mit the deti.ieney of juvenile instruction, or you
would not have attended to the defective adult education.
We are not au educated people, and I have no hmeation in
asserting that in point of school learning the mass of the
English people are the least instructed of any protestant
community in the world. (Shame.) 1 say that deliberately.
I remember quite well at the time of the II uugarian emi-
gration lute, this country after the revolution, a very distin-
guished minister or religious teacher of Hungary was talk-
ing to me on the subject of our education, and 1 teed him a
large portion of our people could neither read nor write.
Ile could not believe it, sand said—" If it is true a large
proportion of your people can neither read nor write, how
do you maintain your constitutional franchises and your
poetical liberties .+ Why, it is evident to me that your
institutions are rather a-head of your people, and that
this self-government is only a habit with you." It is
a habit, and we will cling to it and hold it, but I
want a st.!er foundation. I want to have our self govern-
ment a habit of appreciation—something our people win be
proud of, and not simply a habit—and there is uo security
unless it is based upon a wider intelligence of the people
than we meet with at the present moment. It meets us at
every turn—you can't do any thing in tweed reform but you
are met with the question of education. Take the question
of sanitary reform. el, by do people live in bad cellars, sur-
rounded by filth and disease ? You may say it is their
poverty; but their poverty comes u much from their
ignorance ILI their vices, and their vices often spring hone
their ignorance. (Applause.) The great MLA of the people
don't know what the sanitary laws are ; they don't know
that ventilation is good for health ; they don't know that
the miasma of unseavenged and unsewered streets, er impure
alleys, produces cholera and disease. If they did know these
' things, people would take care they inhabited better
houses; and if people were only more careful in their
habits than they are, and husbanded their means, the
might get into better houses. (Hear, hear, and cheers.)
And when I hear persons advocate temperance—which 1,
as one of the most temperate men in the world, always like
to hear advocated-1 say the beet way is to afford them
some other occupation or recreation than that which is de-
rived only through their senses; and the best way is to give
them education. If the working man is deprived of these
recreations, which consist of the intellectual and moral en-
joyments that education and geed traininggive, he naturally
halls into the excitement of sensual indulgence, because ex-
citement all human beings must have. (Hear, hear.)
Therefore, when you wish to make them more temperate
and secure moral and sanitary and social improvements
amongst the working c:asses, education, depend upon it,
must be at the bottom of it all. Gentlemen, 1 sec in dif-
ferent parts of the country a great social movement going
oa between differtut classes of the community. Parr in-
stacce, in the town of kreeton you have 20,000 to 30,e00
persons out of work, and there is in that place not a chim-
ney but is cold and cheerless—neither smoke no; steam
cheering your eyes. Look at the destitution and misery
caused by laying a town in this state Per a month or six
weeks. Wiry is this? 1 answer, it springs from ignorance.
(Hear, hear.) Not ignorance coeflued to one party in the
dispute. (Applause.) It is ignorance on both sides, and
deplorable is is result. (Renewed applause.) But do yon
suppose that when the world becomes more enlightened
that you will have such a scene as this, eA a whole com-
munity stopping its labours for a mouth or six weeks,
and creating miseries, immorality, and destitution that
may not be removed for five or six years to come? (Hear,
bear.) When masters and men understand the principles
upon which the rate of wages and profits depend, they
will settle their matters and arrange their differences in a
less eungling way than that which now brings so much
misery upon all parties to the quarrel. (Applause.) Even
now, however, we see great progress in this rescue I
remember the time when the cessation of labour by 25,000
persons would have led to riot and disturbance and the call-
ing out of the military. This is not to be seen now. (lieu,
hear.) We see passive resistance and firmness to an extent
which, if they had policy and propriety at their back, would
be highly desirable and most commendable. (Hear, hear.)
But, gentlemen, we shall probably live to see the time when
another step will be taken onward—you will live to see the
time when men will settle these matters, not by resorting to
blind passion, by vituperation and counter-vituperation—
when the question of wages will be left to the master and
man to arrange according to their own interest—when the
whale question of wages, and the rate of wages, will be settled
just as quietly as you now vee the price of any article fixed
in the public market. (Hear, hear.) They did not find
that people who went to market with cattle, potatoes, or
anything else, struck against the buyers of those cattle or
potatoes. They did not find that the seller of the cattle
struck against the seller of the potatoes, and that the buyers
and the eaters of the potatoes stood quietly by and nerved
whilst the potatoes rotted. They did not find men doing
such things ; but they found that it was by the higgling of
the market that they tranquilly decided its price; they
thus fixed the mice of the day, and the whole thing was
quletiy settled without that irritation and waste of property,
o without that misery and buffering, which I consider most
! painful, and as a sign of the intelligences of the day, the
most discreditable—that struggle between muster and work-
people which is passing in our time. (Applause.) Now, mark
me, I am not saying one word of the merits of either side
1 upon this question. Both emetics think themselves right,
a and both are no doubt right in attempting to get the best
, price they can, the one for his labour end the other for his
capital ; but if there were more intelligence upon this ques-
tion—if the laws were better understood which decide
finally and inexorably the relative value of labour—as well
as everything else, these matters would be settled walnut
that hideous amount of suffering which I deplore to KO
accompanying these strikes and troubles in the manufac-
turing districts. (Applause.) And when I say, gentlemen,
that intelligence will put an end to these things, I am only
saying that will be done hero which has already been done
in America. (Hear, hear.) You cannot point to an instance
, in America—where people have more education than they
' have here—of the total cessation from labour of a whole
commuuity, of an entire town given over as a prey to desti-
• tution. 1 ou cannot point out such an instance in Ame.
rice ; neither will you see it England when that intelli-
gence and enlightenment which these institutions are in-
tended to promote shall be spread throughout our country.
Well, gentlemen, this brings me Hack again to the point diet
. we want schools—schools to teach people these principles—

to t:•eh proms from their youth to take a calm and
Rut 'hap row of the things which ofLet their iatertr, sod
~.se ..c
- them that they shall nut allow others to read
w. anal spies th• parsons. (Applause.) We
meet be safe as a manufeeturing and meninx commit-
wail a sehool ievanshly ow, up alocg with es ery ma-
oni ot the mount of every pit and mine ist the
(Loa I applause.) Now, gentlemen, I must here
.knterica. When I e tine through Mouchet-
he di; 1 leant many of the most intluentat me-
‘llll3l4 capitolate talking very gravely upon a import
.ed marl them from • aentlernan who was matted,
givers:neat to go out to America to make • report
time Eslhib turn in New York. That gentleman
e the most amlneut of the atechaniciaus nue nia-
_ea of Manchesttr, empluyar; a very latge none-
• ,milopie, renowned (.4 the quality of hie pardon-
„a ascot in ow scientuic world, and whose bean-
tie met... were apprecioted fr in the Astronomer
aswhende. Las been net: t New York to ye-
n the preens of eneehan.es and nachanicel arts in
-it • ; (Ilea, Lear.) We he has tau/med.
le et.: 4: him to thy gee rneneat has as amt been
sr-ce, nor what he has to /ay, specificony upon
,art;, :Pat report has been so made and pub-
', (-natty. But it has o zed out in Niercliesar
neioliblum t-ot he has found in America a
,em emote the manufsetaruag operatives,
fate • f torte. Cathy each...m.44 arts, which hos cou-
hien that al see are!. tt0.,1 our own—if we are not to
It the real is. the r.ce of nations—we moat edra-
,...m,s ha. to putt' em upon a level with the mote
t •if Ulated States. (Applame.) We
-re an upportunity of judging of this menet
ht raper •a mord; but sufficient has n:ready u••zed
out e.imotent h.s r.e.ghbouts to excle a great iatereot, and
h.hy .sy mono edam. Well, lam delighted to find an
eut mon been started fur this they. for all the
ve ef all: • lett.= made. because the gentle-
no, a to was fatly thorp.tent to the task , and he has
tone buck to Mil as a 3 necessary to educete the
r (deo?, bear. I went to that country pease
se; in 1 I pum,:i.htd a re.o:d of in) t.piniwits. duet
ems written in i'.i. sad I stated that England would
be hemeeht to the eenaioussau that it was to that country
A: ironed have to look *pis apprei•elision as to memo-
t..terarg rivoey. Am' .1 .1. I me dellghted that it ehou.d
tai • tr. se I have muted. that it has come from • quarter
aid foil a melon to weU qualified to procure correct
...v.r•••10 a, •!sat so one heti question the truth of his
frp-rt when It cornea orb I say I am delighted, bet Stiff
• at L• 3 11C4 to scow her danger, if there is one.
(lo a.) Neeulson used to say to theeu in mosonsunization
with hits. " If you base any bad news to tell me, awake
aue at ass Lour of the n:gnt ; for good sews will keep,
sepbat Lois Entot know too soon.'• (Hear, hair.) 1
, then. lam e.lighteet with th.s; for, let but Lugo:o-
wl eippe ut a deader to face and of a difficulty to our-
sersat, am: there is mitres within the compass of human
es,..:ity which they will not actomplab. But the great
nusfottime le that Eomiehmen are too much given up
to sad trammed with their insular pride and premdiee—a
eat el Claueee notion of sopceionty—that they well not
&inlay up, and use trine eyes as to what is getup on in
'the's etiu.tnes, until it at ICU late. (Hear, beer.) I an
g:3l. Mien' , tl.at this question is to be brought forward.
Bat why shoal 1 America be better educated than E5..,100d
De you think that • Dew country, which has the gm:lianas-
Ilecat•vote, prepaysl forests to level, road. to make, sad
every bridge and church to erect—do you think that such
it wintry to in a poet'ion to rival an old country, if that
ennui will only uu its duty to its people. (Ileo:, hear.)
No. ea old country has greater advantages and faciliti( s
at commead then • new ear, sad if you Lind a new coun-
try behtleg an did uner in ibis matter, depend upon it, it
is emena et 3.3111 fault in the old one. (Near, hear) We
dee't read .n =lit at Grime when she sent forth her colonies
that they became :he teachers ut the mother country. No.
Micas always remained the teacher of the whole world.
And it is • came it a new people, sect out from us only
pettedly, Is to be held up tor our admiration sad ex-
ompte, odd this, too, is the matter of telucotion. (ilen,
hear.) Now, I hope that it won't be said that there is
anything in elase remarks which is out of place in an
trembly huch as this. It appeals to me that if there can
be • meetirig at which 311C11 • subject as this should be
discussed it is just such a meeting as this. (Hear, hear.)
We are all here, at all events, presumed to feel a great
iltsrest in the subject of education, and therefore enshrine
to promote it. (ilear, hear.) And I don't despair even
now—l should not despair of this country, if the people
of this country would only resolve to do it, surpassing all
the world in education in a generation or two. Eut we
must not refute to adept the improved machinery of
ether coant:its. (Hear, hear.) We must nut be
Le the Chimes with their kinks, who refuse to
bad 1 their ships after our improved model ; we
must sot refuse to adopt what we see in other counties, fJ
better then our own. If we see the Am( titans beating us ne
their spinuing jennies and in their ceiling boats, we adopt
their improseuteute—if they send peer • yacht which Mats
rote, we send over, and build one which will beat them ;
if .. man comes over and picks our locks, we may wonder
hoe it is be makes better locks than we do, but we
buy them. And ,u it is in other matters of this kind. But
on Oa question of education, they have, in the United
States, adopted a system which we in this country have not
adopted, except in Scotland, to some extent ; and what is
so natural as that we should follow the same rule is this
matter as we do in the manufacture of our machines fur
sginnitg cotton, and in the construction cf our ships.
(Hear, hear.) 1 take it that the result beieg iu tavuur
of Amer:can education, it proves that they have adopted
better Dat3.133 than we have, and if we would
rival them we must not be ashamed to adopt
their plan if better than our own. (Hear, and applause.)
There is nut any party, I believe, now opposed to education
—none who do nut think hat there is more danger from
ignorance in our present art &lel state than in euucation.
Whatever our pelitieal predilections, there is not one who
will sot pay, whatever we are doomed to undergo, whether
proceeding from a straitening of circumstances, from •
destine ot our commerce, or from difficulties of a strictly
political character—whatever there may be in store fur as
of troubles and distresses, there is nobody but will say we
Whetter have an educated people to meet them than have
to encounter them with manes of igr.orance and untrained
passion ; for, after all, the masses of the people do govern
in this country—they are called on in the last resort.
(Hear, hear.) Every one must admit it is better to have
an szbitrator who is trained to discuss reasons and to deduce
facts fro n evidence—it is better to have minds of this sort
to settle great national questions than to refer suck
mighty interests to the arbitrement of ignorance and pm
aeon. (" Hear," and applause.) Now, ladies and gentlemen,
d I have said too much on this subject for you, and for
those elsewhere who may read what I am now baying, I
mutt you that I feel so strongly upon it that when
amongst a body of men met together in (aeonr of edua-
tim cannot be responsib:e for withholding my opinions in
reference to the want of juvenile education, for it is not
possible to compensate for the want of juvenile education
by means of such institutions as this. We may by such
means improve the education of the people, but we can't
have • really educated and safe community unless we begin
at the beginning by training the young. Our friend who
will follow me will deal with that subject better. I can
only say, whether you look at this question of education in
the interest of morality or religion, as affecting the happi-
ness, the interest, or the welfare of society—in whatever
way you regard this question—you may depend upon it
the very highest interest—the dignity, honour, and hap-
pious of line people, are bound up with it. (Loud and
esutamed applause, during which the hon. member resumed
his peat.)
Addrean having been delivered by other gentlemen, and
• vote of thanks paused to Mr. Cobden and the strangers
who had spoken,
Mr. eIfIIIIEN replied to the compliment.
The prcettdings terminated at bait-past 10 o'clock.

lOC [;•.
1111,-X

Sm.

e4t.attJ
.11%

■W 1]

TIIE NIVADEIt ix LIVERPOOL.-011 Tuesday an
inquest was held at Liverpool, before Mr. P. F. Curry, the
borough curoner, upon the body of Richard Crispin, who
subbed on Sunday morning by Emanuel Montero, a
Spacish seaman. The jury after some time returned •
verdict of wilful murder against Emanuel Montero, ab-
solsicg t' s prisoner Williams. Williams will, however, be
kept is c idudy to be dealt with by the magistrates.
Tne lA4 or THE DALnouste.—The statement
Of the wenn, Joseph Reed, to the effect that a *chooser
sailed frcza Cie wreck without offering assistance, has been
formally contradicted by Mr. J. F. Manilla, the master,
Ilicl.Ar4 Manisa, the mate, and four seamen, the crew,
of tha of Easter, the 'Trawl in question.

• •
ifIANNIGITING AT GATESHEAD. --This day, the
me, a appointed a day of onlemn thanksgiving for the de-
brtream of Oateshea I from Cholera. Divine service is to
be celebrated in the churches and other places of worship
is the town, aad collections are to he made for those left
iestitate by the pestslcace. Immediate steps arc being
tcken to improve both Ciateshead and Newcastle, by fur-
oohing them with better water and better reeidenc,e for

the Wiii..tlUclaases.
Kew-
castle and Ottesheud on behslf of the widows and orphans
left by cholera in both towns are coming up well.
ILLEGALITY or OMNIBUS ADVERTISIN6.—SOMC
roarer is have stated that omnibus advertisements are prohi-
beted by the recent set. This is incorrect. Advertiecmenta
placed so as to obstruct the light are only forbidden.
TIIE C tr.orrz.—On the night of Thursday last
(le Fast Day), an elderly man was passing through Kau-
thithall-lase, Glasgow, on his way home, a little the worse
01 liquor, wham he was set on by some ruffians, severely
garotted—Ms threat being so roughly compressed as to
melte his breathing difficult for fifteen minutes afte►—end
robbed of his overcoat, three sovereigns and '2os. in cash.
Between the bolus of twelve and one o'clock oa Sunday
morning last, a young maa was garotted and robbed of a 11.
note in ftenfeld•etreet. A mason named John cott—who
hes lately concluded an eighteen months' imprisonment—
and a Ater named John Andrew, were caught and ap-
plant:set on suspicion cf being the guilty parties. The
missing note was not found on them ; but, in making the
search, they were partially stripped. Scott's overcoat
proved to be •he coat stolen from the old man who had been
garotted in Sauchiehall-lane on the previous Thursday
evening, and his undercoat preyed to be the identical ►hoot-
ing coat stolen from the premises of Mr. Devine on the 3rd
intt. A handkerchief was alto found in his possession
that was one of those carried ar ahoy.; with the Cont. Both
prisoners have been remitted to the sheriff.—North British
.11a1;.

NEW PRINTING MACIIINE.—A New York cor-
respondent gives a report of a new American printing puss,
will will print from uncut ?aper, rolling from a . ylinder,
eattarg and folding, with pert,ct regularity, 30,000 capita
each btur ; the inventor declaring his ability to print one
wile of paper as fast as a locomotive can run on a railway,

RUSSIA AND TCRKEY.

PUBLIC MEETING IN THE TOWER HAMLETS.

A public meeting of the inhabitants of the Tower
Hamlets was held last evening at the Beau ra:nt Institution,
Beaumont•equare, for the purpose of givirg expression to
public opinion, with respect to the aggreesi !Aso( Russia, and
considering the steps which ought to be taken by government
and the country. The meeting was we:: attended, the large
tom being full. On the motion of Mr. Newton, Captain
MATTE Rein was called to the chair.
The CHA:n WAN observed that he need not inform them
what was the object of that meetirg, for there was not a
man in that room whose heart did not toil slim that he was
there as a fri,nd of Turkey. (Cheers) He might urge
numerous ri asnits why they should have that sentiment in
their heart. They were thereby suppor Lig the material
latereas of this country. Even now, the threateniag atti-
tads held by the Czar hal produced a commercial stagnat hal
that was fee in England, and the present hies price of
bread was the result of that stagnation. What were
the designs of the first Czar of Russia The mastery of
Europe. It was plainly written in his testament, mulch
leo been dueuvered and published. What said Alexander
.• Constaie•inopie is the key of my house ;" but he did not
mean that Lis house should be BUS-1.1. Ile intended to
make it a louse of many mansions. Europe was the house
to which he referred. And what said the present Czar i
Did they think he intended to go hack from the testament
eat Lim by his predecessor No, once the first history of
Russia none of its Czars Lad shown tho same energy and
determination to carry out the designs of Peter the Great.
What he 'venture was en ocean in whick to float his ships,
and if he got that lie would in a few yea» ovate both the
ships and tne men, and then the material interest of
Enaland would suffer, fur Routs would JtCoille the mis-
tress of the seas. They had further to thii.l.l on the viola-
thin of intces.ational law and of Ent:its:l honour, and i
they allowed the Czar of Russia, when he pleased, to enter
a weak country and say he should interfere began ,e the
population were not cwitented, from that moment the
Emperor of Russia, or any ether despot, might,
whenever he pl; need, despoil his weaker neighbour.
The gallant captain then went on to speak of Mr. Cobden
and the peace party. lie characterised the cpinions of Mr.
Cobden en this question as seams absurdities. Mr. Cob.
den said he did not see on the platforms at these meetings
men who were the recognised representatives of public opi-
nion. Ile (Captain Mayne Reid) replied that the people
were there, and they were unanimous in their condemns.
tion of the conduct of the Czar. If there were any recreants
it was these representatives of public opinion.
Letters were read from Lard Dudley Stuart, Mr. Chas.
S. I:utler, M.P., and Mr. T. Duncombe, M.P., who ex-
pressed their regret that they could out attend. Sir W.
Clay had also been written to, but nu answer had been
Tee, iced from him.
Mr. NEWToR then moved a resolution,' declaring the in-
vasion of the Danubian Principalities by the Emperor of
Russia a wanton and unjustifiable aggro...ion on the tern.
tories of Turkey, aad a violation of international law, cal-
culated to endanger the interests and imperil the likurtiea
of Western Horne ; and also declaring that it is the duty
of this country to laird effectual assistance to enable
Turkey to repel this aggression, and to abstain from diplo-
matic intercourse with Russia until satisfactory reparation
has been made. Mr. Newton argued that we were bound
to Turkey, becalm when the demands on her were mad*
by Russia, the advice of England to Turkey was not to
submit to them. Mr. Cobden said the Turkish nation was
effete, bat the Turkish government was more tolerant then
that of Russia. The Greek Christians in Turkey did not
want thelprotectorate of Russia. The peuide of this coun•
try would all egiee with Mr. Cobden and the peace party
that war was an evil. They did not :ikc war, but they
liked despotism leas.
Mr. Moooery supported the resolution.
Mr. 1). UMW:HAAT said the conduct of the government
bad been universally condemned by the people of this
gauntry, and yet the people bad not the power to change
either the men or the measures. It was to discuss that
caution that bed brought him there. He contended that
Russia had not n victim that was not their victim. Ile
sonsidered it was a delusion to talk of failing nations.
Look at Spain. It was overrun by half a million
French soldiers, under most able generals, but they
could nut subdue the Spanish people. The Spanish peasants
drove the French soldiers out of the country. And so it
would be with Turkey and the Russian soldiers. Hs
pointed to the fact that at the recent grand council in
Turkey the persons composing it, not having power to ins-
psis a tax on the people, voluntarily raised amongst them-
selves and their friends a sum equal to two thirds of the
annual revenue. lie did not agree in the opinion that our
government hail committed a blunder in this matter.
What they had done was intentional. The fleet was ordered
to pass she Dardanelles to support the Sultan against his
people if he accepted the Vienna note. No, our govern-
ment did not act blindly. (A voice—H,;;uishly.) Ile was
glad of the intarruptiou. lie did not want himself to ex-
press the term. The whole course of the polies, dour go-
vernment had been to serve Russia. And the people could
sot replace the ministry, they could do nothing. (A voice
—We have no votes.) The reason was not that they had
not votes, but that they were destitute of sense. (Laughter.)
If the people were better informed then they might have
the wisdom of the Czar turned into folly, but not till then.
The resolution was they put and carried unanimously.
Mr. Iloweth proposed a resoluturn characterising the
conduct of ministers as deficient in energy, and declaring
that the people of this country cannot Len any confidence
that the foreign relations will be administered with tha
good faith and energy the occasion demands, so long as
they are under the uncontrolled guidance of the present
cabinet.
Mr. MATTHIAS seconded the resolution.
Mr. CARDUA proposed an amendment that the position
now occupied by Russia could only have been brought about
by collusion with the English government.
The amendment was added to the resolution, which then
passed.
Another resolution was then proposed by Mr. BEARD sod
seconded by Captain HAMPTON, and also agreed to, to the
effect that it is time the foreign affairs of a great nation
like England were cmducted straightforwardly and openly,
and not through the tortuous channels of secret diplomacy.
The meeting then separated.

ALARMING FIRES IN LAMBETH AND
HAMPSTEAD ROAD.

This morning, between the hours of twelve and
one, two fires broke out almost at the same moment—one
in Lambeth, and the other in the Hampstead-road. One
occcurred in the premises of Mr. Lovesay, a chandler and
general dealer, carrying cm business at No. 36, George-
street, Lambeth-walk. At the time of the outbreak the
various inmates of the house were In their beds asleep.
They were quickly aroused by the police, and
those sleeping in the lower part of the house were enabled
to effect • safe retreat, but not until they were
nearly suffocated with smoke. Two lodgers, living in
the top part of the house, had to jump through a skylight,
and, in so doing, it is feared that they were badly cut by
the glass broken by their weight. Mr. Inspector Carter,
who was on the spot in tho course of a few minutes after
the alarm was given, entered the buildiug, and with the
rid of buckets of water succeeded in keening the fire from
progressing daring the time lost in sending for the
engines. la • very brief period the Royal Society's es-
capes arrived, as well as the engines of the parish, Hodge's
Distillery, the London ;Brigade, and West of England
office. Every one present at once went to work, but in
spite of which the lire could not be subdued until the whole
of the contents of the shop were consumed, and much
damage done to the upper portion of the premises by heat.
Fortunately the buffeter was inaured iu the Monarch
Fire-
omee.
The other fire cook place on the premises of Mr.
ll Lang,
• tailor, No. 20, ampton-terrace, Hampstead-road, nearly
facing the Camden station of the North Western Rail-
way. As in the previous care, the inmates were
all in bed and asleep when tho alarm was given,
and it was en:y by forcing their way through the smoke
that they 'scored with their lives. The engines of
the Brigade and West of 'England office attended as
quickly as possibl..., hut the lire could nut be got under
until the stock in the shop was all but consumed. The
sufferer was insared in the Sun Fire Office. Beth fires, it is
presumed, arose from an escape of gas.

SAVINGS BANK ANNUMBh.—The law relating to
to these annuities has been altered by 1G and 17 Vic , e. 45,
which came into force on the 10th October. Annuities can I
now be contracted for at the National Debt Office any day
between 10 and 3 o'clock, without any fee being payable
by the purchaser, or they may be purchased of the Commis.
sinners for the Reduction of the National Debt, through the
agency of othcers of savings banks, who may charge ter an
annuity under .5/. a fee of 55., and for ovary 5/. five shil-
lings, up to 3J1., thirty shillings. The annuitiea are imme-
diate or deferred. The purchaser of a derc,Ted lifo annuity
can, if he think proper, have the purchase money returnable
to him if demanded, or after his death to his representa-
tives, provided no instalment of the annuity has been paid,
or he can purchase such annuity withcut the purchabe-
money bring returazble. The tables and necessary forms
can be obtained (gratis) at the National Debt-office, 19, Old
Jewry.
SUICIDE Ar AN HOTEL. Yesterday morning,
about nine o'clock, a gentleman committed self-destruction,
at the Bridge-house Hotel, London-bridge. About that
time a report of a pistol was heard to proceed from the
bath-room, and the attendant on entering found that a
gentleman had shot hituselfthrough the heart.
M Thr Eitto Cs OCCUItRENCE UN TIM SOUTII
WESTERN RAILWAY.—On Saturday night last, at about
10 o'clock, (*corgis Penfold, a cabinet-maker, aged 39, was
found on the South Western Railway, between the Water-
loo Station and Nine Elms. lie had a frightful wound on
his head, and died goon after. An inquest was held on the
body yesterday, but it could not be ascertained how the
deceased came by his injuries, or how he got upon the line.
A brother expressed his opinion that there bad been no
reason for suspecting that he wuuld commit suicide. The
jury found au open verdict.

THE WAGES MOVEMENT.

MEETING OF OF OPERATIVE SPINNERS.
Piarrox, WEDPIEEDAT.
_ _

_ _ •
Yesterday afternoon, at three o'clock, there was an
aggregate gathering of the operative cotton•epiuners aed
self-acting minders in the Orchard; Mr. JOHN B.II:4ENT
presiding. About 6,00:) people were present.
The following rc,olutiou was agreed to :—" That it is the
unanimous determination of this meeting to stand firm and
united for the ten pyr cent., and a strict adherence to our
uni

TIP: BLOCK-PAIN-J-I:ns' Srrari.E.—We are gratified
to be able to announce the rec,nciliatieu of the master
Itlele•pi inters and about 7,000 of their workmen. At a
numerously attended conference of the employers and em-
ployed, held at Paisley la,t week, at which delegates were
present front Kilmarnock and Barrhead, u compromise elm
effected, the masters agreeing to pay t►e men fortnightly,
instead of monthly, on an•t after the Ist of January, IPii,
at the same time signifying their willingness to grant r. a-
snnable advances on the earnings of the emp!oyes fur the
intermediate fortnights a, till that date. The strike is
consequently now at an ead.—Forth British Mail.
TIIE S.ATEEDAY lIALI-HOLIDAT MOVEMENT AT
EDIN Au3(.ll.—The workmen in the employment of Messrs.
E. Laoilaw and Sin, Simon square, having by a deputati-in
of their number presented a memorial requesting the pri•
allege of a Saturday half holiday from two cieleek, and
, also alt ration ficin fortnightly to weekly payments, Mr.
I Laidlaw in the most handsome and generous manner coa-
-1 ceded the request cf his workmen without making any re•
' iluotion ef their pay. The firm employ about 150 indivi-
dual., and have a large re..diug room and library. which
were est .lilished by Mr. Laidlaw for the benefit of thus.
to his mai loymenc.—North British Mail.

BENEVOLENT SOCIETY OF BLUES.

_~

The annual meeting of members of this society
Wyk place yesterday at the London Tasern, for ballot of
pensid: m, and for otl.er purposes. The ballot commenced
at two o'clock and eni:ed at four, and the general meeting
for despatch of the year's business commenced at seven
o'clock, when lair. CIIALLES Few, the president, took the
chair. The minutia of the previous meeting baying been
confirmed, the Secretary rraceeded to read the list of sue
eesstul candidates, from which it appeared that four aged
persons, veMyse united ages amounted to 269 years, had
been elected pensioners of the society. The successful can-
didates will receive 161. a year to the men, and 121. each
for the women. Two of unsuAcessful candidates who
had twice applied, reciie- d gratuities of 21. each, aid three
' others of 1/. each, the present being their first apphcation.
The secretary then read the rcport, which congratulated the
society on the increase of its funds, arising out of the late
festival, which Lai produced no less a sum than 3,0121.'i5.
Much of this sums* was owing to ,the exertions of Mr.
Few, the president, as also to the liberality of the sisters of
the late Mr. Thackeray, who had added 2001. to that gen-
tleman's munificent gift of .3001. 'lbis state of the funds
but induced the directors to increase the male and
femnle pensions respectively from 12/. to 161., and
Irons 101. to 121. ; and in one Case, that of
the original founder of the society from 161. to 201. The
report proceeded to notice a number of cases, in labial
Blues or their relatives in temporary distress had been be-
netitcd by loans, 1.1 2 the fact that thirty new members
had joined at the festival, ard concluded with an exhorta-
tion to the members to maintain, and, where possible, to
increase the efficiency of the society. The statement of the
accounts showed the amount of receipts for the put half-
year (including the proceeds of the festival) to be 3,2'28L
2.. Bd.s; and thin baLnee in the treasurer's bands 4651.
10s. 4d. The funded capital had been increased Item
P 1,000!. to 11,11001., And it was determined that the interest
on this sum should be applied exclusively to the payment
of pensions.
On the motion that the report be adopted,
Mr. 8. Duns objected to that portion of the report
which recommended teat until the funded casital amounted
to 15,0001.. the whole of the annual subscriptions should not
be available for loans and gifts. Ile proposed that the
Little be 12,000/.
Alter some discutsion,:the report was adopted without
amendment. _ . _

WT
The other business of the meeting was then disposed of,
and the proceedings lumina...ed.

FIRE AT SIR ELKAN,',II ARMITAGE AND SONS'
MILL, MANCHESTER.

Shortly before seven o'clock yesterday morning,
a fire broke out in one of ,the upper rooms of a fire-proof
building ou the premises of Sir Elkanah Armitage and
Sons, cotton spinners and weavers,. New-mills, Pendleton.
The fire originated in a mixing room at the top of the mill.
and was caused by the ignition of tho cotton in an " ele-
phant," a machine which is used for opening the raw ma-
teriel. After passing through the elephant, the cotton de-
scends through some apertures in the floor to a lower room,
where it is received by the attaching machines, and over
the elephant is a sort of flue or pipe which carries off the
dust. When the cotton was ignited in the elephant, the
draught through this pipe fanned the flames, so that they
quickly spread, and set fire to a considerable quantity of
liaised cotton which was in the room. Some of the cotton
from the elephant also carried the fire into the room below,
and though as soon as possible the iron doors which close
the apertures above mentioned were shut, that which
had already passed, had fired some in the lower apart-
ment. The fire was confined to these two rooms, and raged in
tie upper one with considerable violence. When
the fire was discovered, information was sent to the Fite-
engine Stations in Manchester and Salford, and at &quarter
to eight three engines arrived from the latter, followed
shortly afterwards by two more from the former. They
were all got speedily into pley, and the fire was got under
by half-past eight. Before it could be quite extinguished,
large quantities of cotton had to be carried out of the
premises, and played upon, but this did not occupy a great
length of time. The rooms being fire-proof, the damage
was confined to the destruction of a quantity of cotton, and
injury of the elephant and some of the scutching machines,
and amounted altogether to about 3001. or VOL, which is
believed to be covered by insistence. The fire occa-
sioned the stoppage of the portion of the works in
which the operations of spinning are carried on, which
will probably continue for two or three days. The most
praiseworthy exertions were made by the workpeople and
neighbours, who came in great numbers before the fire-
engines arrived, and threw water on the fire from every
description of utensil that could be brought into requisition
for that purpose.