The Express.
London, England, 1865-11-02 00:00:00

AOTUALL

SPECTACLES
SA are
NECKXBY
WHEN the Eyes water, are misty, or fatigued
after reactant:
WHEN the print blends, and the letters appear
to be doable:
WHEN more light than formerly is requisite—
Wartmpit. :
he candle is placed between the eyes
sad the book:
WHEN objects must be held further off to be
aeon more clearly ;
WHEN much difficulty is found in threading a
adie.
The above are premonitorysisms of decayingsight, acd indicate
that an optician should he conoilted without delay. from long
sad extensive practice Messrs. Thomas Harris and Bon are fully
competent to advise 011 all Mitten pertaining to the remed)ing
defective sight. They skilfully alapt lenses perfectly true of
the requisite power, and usewise they Judiciously select a spec-
tacle frame of the form meat becoming to the lace. TIIOIiAS
HARRIS and SO:ics
opticians
to the Royal Family, opposite the
British Museum . Louden (their only house), established
1780. Puttee— o travellers sr Watt.

NNOTHING IMPOSSIBLE.—The greatest and
most useful invention of the day, A01.,A AMARKLLA.—
Messrs. JOHN 001321 ELL and Co.. Three King-court, ombard-
street, London, whinier. to her Majesty, respectfully offer to the
public this truly marvellous Enid, which gradual, restores the
Inman hair to Its priatine hue—no matter at what age. The
Agna Amsrella has nene of the properties of dyes: it on the
contrary, Is beneficial to the system, and when the hair is once
restored one application per month will keep It In perfect colour.
Price LI Is. per bottle, or in half bottles, 10s. ad. John Gospel!
and Co. have neer, alipolated perfumers to E. s. H. the prem.. of
Wales —JOHN 009 N ILL and Co's CHERRY TOIM H PASTS Is
madly superior to any tooth powder.—To be had of all per-
fumers, chemists, and at the manufactory. 12, Three King-cone.,
Lomberdstreet London.

•lA.IHE LNVIGORATIVE NERVINE ESSENCE
The most ocientincally prepared and most powerful nutri-
tive ordiel ever introduced ; restores to their normal condition
W the secorions, on the of which perfect berth le-
=ll is a speedo for debility of all kinds, and from ha eoo-
amootie. r ingredient'. pepsine and phosphite of sods.
will rove beneficial to the nervona and dyspeptic.
Price ne. or four quantities to one for Va. Sole
ankgrWerra Baumgarten and Co., 620. Orlordntripet,
la. renanweh-street. LC., London.

EVERYBODY'S BUSINESS.

NEW TRIBUNAL of COMMERCE, PARIS.
—PitEVIINTION of STRINE&—Ths BUILD= of THIS
WISE, el., or by post, 6d., will oonthe line view and plan
the New Tribunalof Commerce, Parte—Pap= oaths Prevention
of litrikeeThe Batirlings co Yount Jewish—The Milo Works
DOPlrtirdent in India—end other important subjects, with all the
000,4rUCtiOnal. irtiftiPlX MOM. —l, yorhetteet,
threat Virden ; and all news see

FRZSINTATION OF TIM PHEIDOM OF Tag crn.
Luring the Trades' Hall at half-pest one o'clock, Mr.
Gladstone drove to the Central Cooking Depot, in Irons*
baying inspected which be proceeded to the City Hall,
where the ceremony of presenting him with the freedom of
the city was to take place. Every part of the ball was
crowded. Mrs. and the Mimes Gladstone, Lady Blantyre,
and the Marquis of Lore, occupied seats in the front gaiety.
On the platform were the magistrates and member of the
council, Mr. Dalgliek, LP., Mr. Graham, X.P., Sir B.
Colebrooke, Mr. Crum-Heise. M.P., Mr. Marry, M.P.,
Captain Spiels, !LP., the Dean of Faculty, ho. At two
o'clock Mr. Gladetooe, accompanied by the Lord Provost,
appeared on the platform, and was received with load and
continuous *beetle'.
The Loan PROVOST, in presenting the freedom of the city
to the right hon. gentleman, refitted to the diatinguiehed
services which he hail rendered to the country, and the
important changes which he had effected in our finaacial
system for the relief of our home trade end manufactures.
An whines heviog been read by the Town Clerk, the
freedom of the city, enclosed in amines gold box, was pre.
seated by the Lord Provost to the right bon. gentleman,
who De receiving it warmly shook lauds with the chief
magistrate, sod thee turned round to address the meeting,
by whom be was received with loud and loogoostinued
cheering. The aedienoe rose to greet him, and for tome
moments there was a complete ovation, the ladies in the
gallery waving their handkerchiefs and the gentlemen their
hats. Silence having at length been restored,
Mr. OLS.DSTONII commented by a retrospect in which he
brought in array the names of =isn't men who, not so
happy as Lord Palmerston, had been taken sway in their prime
—the Prlooe Consort, Richard Cobden, "that character so
simple, so true, so brave, and so far sung, to whom it was
given to achieve through the moral force of reason and per
suasion numerous triumphs that have made his name im-
moral"—Elgin, Dalhousie, Canting, Herbert, Lewis, and
Newcastle. Looking at that lug proceed= be felt
that those who were left behind were in on. muss
solitary upon the stage of public life. "Bat, my
Lord Provost," he motioned, "it is characteristic
of this country that her people have been formed for many
generations in those habits of thought sod action which
Wong to regulated freedom, sad cue happy and blessed
result of that description of public education is
that the country ceases to be dependent for its
wellareaupon this man or upon that. There never
has yet been in the history of the world a nation
truly free—l mean a nation that is free not only in
laws and institutions, bat also in thoughts and sets—there
has never been a nation in this sense possessed of freedom,
and which has likewise had large and spreading and valuable
intereets, which has found a went of men to defend them.
Nor, my Lord Provost, lam thankful to say, have we yet
been reduced to this extremity ; and I trust that I am not
going beyond the liberty of an occasioo such es this when,
standing before you at a moment of such public interes I
venture to express my confidence penually in the state t,
of
the government of the country. Her Majesty, well aware
of the heavy loss which we have sustained, and wisely
exereistog her high prerogative, has chosen from
amongst the statesmen of the country Earl Russell
to fill the plains of Prime Minister. (Loud cheers.)
I know well the inclination of those whom I am addressing,
and also of the whole community, to trust more to the evi-
dence of facts than to that of words, which may be idle
and delusive--(bear, hear)--end I presume to say before
you that the name f o Lard Rowell is in itself • pledge and
a promise to a people. (Cheers.) A man who fought for
Bridal liberty, for its institutions end for its laws, but
with • view to the strengthening of those laws, who has
fought on a hundred fields for their improvement, is not
likely now, when in his 70th hosoureble year, foliates's the
lesson of his whole life, to change the direction of hie
maw, and to forfeit the inheritance which he has secured
In the hearts and memories of his countrymen. (Cheers.)
Thereon, my Lord Provost, I venture to think that the
country has reasonable assurance in the name of the person
who has, for the snood time, assumed the responsibility of
guiding the councils of the crows, with the aid of
assay experienced and distioguished persons whom I
am happy to sell m 7 colleagues. I therefore hope that the
ooeetry has reasonable assurance that the same wise
sad enlightened spirit which has for the lest thirty or
thirty-five years distinguished in the main the policy of
British legislation and the conduct of the executive govern•
meet will still continue to be exhibited by those who will
have .the responsibility and direction of public affairs."
The right bon. gentleman proceeded to allude to a few of
the acts of legislation in which he bad a share, remarking
that party combinations were now only instruments for the
advancement of mankind. He dwelt foe some time on the
m oral, social, and political results of free trade. Dyeastio
wars in which the heeds of rival families fought over the
bleeding persons of their people we bed outlived, and
though. as we perhaps saw at this moment, the wars one-
gloating in a thirst for territorial acquisition were not
yet extinct, it was certainly not so extensive a cause of
bloodshed as in the pest, when, not being able to indulge so
freely in Europe we fought upon American and other
distant soils for the extension of our territory. Had our
forefathers known the blessings of free commercial inter-
course, that bloodshed would have been spared, for
it arose in the error of the theory of colonise-
Coe that when you had planted a colony you
wore to SHOO it to trade exclusively with your-
selves. We had entirely escaped from that delusion,
and rejoiced that foreign countries participated in the bene-
fits of trade with our ooloniea. There were some men who
bid us beware that these things would lead to the worship
of Mammon, but the great masses bars hardly yet reached
the province within which the worship of Mammon is wont
to be dreaded. But it was a law of Providence that the
satisfaction of the wants and appetites promoted the attain,
me at of higher aims. That which might seem, in its
first and osier aspect, a merely *molar work, war
in point of fact a work full of morel purpose,
"In all cases," continued the right boo. gentleman,
"it is the quiet unassuming prosecution of daily duty
by which we best fulfil the purpose to which the Almighty
hes appointed as and the humble task as it may appear,
of industry and of commerce, contemplating in the first
instance little more than the supply of oar necessities and
the augmentation of our comforts, has in it nothing that
prevents its being puisued in a spirit of devotion to higher
interests, sad if it be hoirotly and well pursued, I believe
that it tends—with a power, quiet and silent, indeed, like
the power of your vast machisee, but at the some time
manifold and resistless—te the mitigation of the
woes and sorrows that afflict humanity, and to
the acceleration of better limes for the obildrea
of our race, (Cheers.) Wars, my Lord Provost,
are not to be put down by philosophical, nor I believe even
ozoloaivitly religions argument ; the deepest prejedicis of

been at the head of the government. But as Mr. Gladstone
bad consented to retain office as Chancellor of the Exche-
quer, be could only oongretulats them on still retaining his
most valuable services in that important posh (Cheers.)
Mr. WILILIIIBOI then read and presented the address.
Mr. GULDSTOIII, on coming forward. was received with the
warmest enthunisam, the audience rising en maser and
greeting him with vociferous cheering and the waving of
bats. He commenced by repudiating on blown behalf the nn•
divided credit which seemed to have been given him for acts
in which others had laboured as sincerely and more effec-
tually. He thanked the chairman for having described him ass
working-man, and it was in that capacity ha addressed them.
This was, in • new and peculiar sense, the century of the
working man, an personal mated between public men and
the mamas was m re than ever advisable. He then rapidly
nu over some of-the particulars in which the position of
the working classes bad been greatly changed for the better.
more especially by the removal of the protective duties on
the necesseries of life. Some were sanguine enough to
believe that the whole of the duties on tea and sugar
might be removed, and that all the comforts as
well as the necessaries of life might be absolutely free.
Hs was bound to say, however, that whether his peat
great grandchild might am that consummation be had not
the smallest expectation of seeing it himself. Nor would the
exigencies of the country permit us to look forward to •
very great diminution of the taxes upon stimulant' end
tobacco, to the ass of the latter of which he ventured to
say so sort of evil or mischief of • serioue kind could be
traced. Taxation bad fallen from 31. fps. per head, ►s
which it stood BO years ago, to very little over 21.
The iOO3llllllO of pay to government officials ear
tempos-animus with the increase of wages generally.
bad augmented the amount of taxation, but it
wan an augmentation which no one there would
grudge. It was not very CUM whether the proportion of
working men in England in posseasion of the suffrage was
larger than it was before the Beform Bill. but in Scotland
at any rate it was otherwise. He ventured to express the
hope that neither as regarded taxation or the fraschise had
we arrived at the flaal term of possible improvement, but
th►t, on the contrary, the day was not far diets/it when we
should witness a further extension of the suffrage. No
change of a more beneficial character than the cheapening
of the prim bad been carried oat for many years. It was s
new era in the life of working men. Until the mean' of
education were at the command of every member of the
community we could not teat satisfied. An important
chapter in the history of progress was the interference
which the legislature was attempting in the protection
of the young and the feeble from exhausting and endue
labour. Mr. Gladstone next spoke of the organisation of
the Post-office savings' banks, which is three years had
brought between 6,000,0001. and 7,000,0001. of the earnings
of the people into the bends of the state. This indicated
a growth in the provident habits of the people, of
iaorsased 00111a41108 is the people in the govern-
ment. "The effect," said the right hon. gentleman, " of
these changes bee bees es marked ea it has been beneficial ; it
has bees iscressid loyalty to the throes, respect
to the law, undue, confidence, and concord between
the several classes of the community ; and I
know not in what point those whom Providesee
has blessed with larger mums are now entitled to make any
eomplaint as to the pereal conduct of the working glasses
—(hear, hear)--se to the struggle which essentially is in-
volved between capital as keg m it is managed by each
party with a full seam of the rights of each other by fair
and above-Imnd mesas, and a full allowance to ethic
people of the liberty which they claim for themselves. I
hay" nocpprelmoiden myself of this kind of eciapstatios be-
tween the espitalieVand labourer. (Cheers.) As I have
said, speaking in toy olamaotor, although unworthily. as a
:Rigida( of state awl • reyrroootatiro of law sad authority,

ties, by virtue of the powers vested in them by the Privy
Council, for the exclaims of cattle from fain and markets,
have been evaded by sales being held in the neighbourhood
of such markets or faire, In order, therefore, to prevent
such evasion the Privy Council have made the following
order, which wee published in a supplement to last night's
Gazette :—" Where any notice has been or may homelier
be published by any local authority, es defined in the
said order of the 22.4 day of September, 1846, ex-
cluding animals, as defined in the said ceder, or some spe-
cified description thereof, from markets or fairs within the
jurisdiction of such local authority, it shall not be lawful,
from and after the date of this order and while sub notice
shall be in force, for any person to bring or send
any such animals or such deuriptiori thereof to
any place within each jurisdiction for the purpose
of exhibition or sale, or to receive, exhibit, buy. or sell any
such animals so brought or sent: provided that nothing
contained in this clause of this order shall be held to Pro-
hibit any person from exhibiting or selling on his own laud
or premises soy such animal belonging to him, which has
been on such land or premises for not lees than fourteen
days previous to such gale. Every person °feeding against
this order shell, in pursuance of the mid act, for every snob
offence forfeit any sum not exceedieg twenty puede which
the justices bdare whom be cr she shall be convicted of such
offence may think fit to impose.*
Tax LATE LOYD P•tweseroN. The following
adzes@ of modeles** to Lady Palmerston bee been voted
by the Sonthamptas Tows Council :—'• Madam,—We, the
mayor, aldermen, end Mumma of Southampton, In town
opus& mumbled, take the sunset possible opportunity,
after she funeral of your late beloved husband, to express
to your ladyship one feeling of deep arid profound regret at
the bass which you and the country have sustained to the
death of Lord Palmerstoo. Eudora as was that illustrious
statesman to the whole people of the United Kingdom, he
was especially so so the inhabitants of Seelthamptio, who
have always felt proud of him as a friend and neighbour.
He was the oldest burgess of this town, and your
ladyship knows the kind interest he ever took
in Its welfare and prosperity. Permit us to
aware your ladyship that in no portion of ha
Majesty's dominions will the memory of year noble kind-
hearted husband be held in grasser admiration and rem-
roses than in this ancient borougb, with which his name
sad career are so intimately unocated ; and in offering you
our sincere sympathy sod condolence on your heavy be-
reavement, we trust it will be some alleviation of your
affliction to know that the services which the late Premier
readered during • long life to the British nation will be re-
membered by • grateful people through all future egos.
Given under our common seal this 30th day of October,
1866.*
Dim= 07 CANTS:SEERY. The Be,. Wm.
Harms Nicholls, LA., has been licensed to the cure of
Crayford ; the Bev. James R. Holmes, M.A., has bees
licensed to the cue of Beeesett ; the Bee. Thomas Kyrwood
Bowyear, LA., hes been collated to the rectory of Marble.
dove ; sod the Rev. John .Sikes Watson, ILA., has been
lioensed to the perpetual curacy of St. Gregory the Great,
Outerbicy, all In the musty of Kent and diocese of
Canterhere.
THE BZIYONDSkr OCARDLANI AND THY
HOUSILII6B POOL—Let mooing this matter was again
tlit under enskleration at the weekly meeting of the
of gundleas. Reseellaareet, Bermondsey ; Mr.
Youogmaa in the chide. The muter (Yr. H. Hodgkins)
reported that there had berm "during the week 81
lodgmen, 64
wonsee, aad 22 ohildros admitted for • sight's iog-24
refused for want at room." The alterations in progress
cooseinent seas the attention of the guardian' Doing draws
to than semigloss of the Henoslese Poor Act will mike
socassmodntios for 70 permits nightly, as against
rer lan at present be taken in, and that will " house"
Dearly 50 per cent. more than have ever applied utter the
eirenniatenees even of the " tramps' " knowledge that no
other plass war *pea to them.

NORTH LONDON RAILWAY.I
OPSNINO Or CITY LITSNSION LIN&
The NSW LINK from DAIMON JUNCTION to MOLD- !
STRUT, CITY, and the maw Mations at Daidon-lane. Shore..
ditch, and Broaetrest, is now OPINED for PASSING=
Train service between Cludh.farm and Brost letrest, culling
at all lutennediate Mations, every lifteen minutes.
Betweeo Bow and Broadetruet, calling at all intermediate
stations, every fifteen minutes
etreet, calling at all dation/ up to
Between Kew and Broad
c..,n...med inclusive, and from thence expressch stangopping
oar-
at
Wotan Junction only, every half hour, without eof
"letween Balaton Junction, Shoreditch, and Broad-street,
every seven minutes.
Sasses 'racket., Ann and Seoond-class, may be obtained for
period/ of three, elm, nine, or twelve montiu. For times of
stains, season ticket MOS, and other particulara, see Company's
Time-table books. - By onto%
Sustort Station, 30th October. 1866.

elituturY to ANIMALS.-99 ConviotiOlill
chubs Sho prat Itonth.—Tho ROYAL seam for the
rtsvzitnuti at cAuitiai to ANIIIALB bog So mamma
that? 3Scodh4 sitars of coaTiotions •

During October ..
Current Year ....

Country.

T,7--sal.

the coots fall ethos tbe Society when offenders aro co
ralttod to prison . also heavylegal expense" In moped coma
The support of the publio Is eotly monied to prevent • cur-
tailment of
poet,opereaos. SubeMptlono and donations othy be
transmitted by ot or through any London or country bauker.
All totter" should tee addreised to
No. 12. PalLman. &W. JOILN COLAN, Seceetary.

JOHN BROGDICN'S GOLD CHAINS by troy
weight, at realizable value, and the woricmanstdp al
wholesale !manufacturers' prices. Theglceidn the chains gua-
ranteed. awl re-punduzed at the price
Berell the note,
How much your chain weighs to the utmost carat
The fineness of the gold, and charge tut most
ittiateruzi.
_ Manufactory , No. 16, Hennetttetreet, Corrut.goden, W.C.,

LoOriC"si.-- -
Assays made of chains and Smeary for is. each.
N.& This establishment to etos4.4 at B to the evening, and on
Matordays at 1 o *et

SANGSTZ R'B UMBRELLAS,'
ON VOWS PATENT PASAOON PEASE&
/OWL PRIES MEDALS AWANDID.
To prevent madam W. and J. S. be to remind the Public
that all goods of thole manufacture bare Inhale with the
words ~dANGIIIMBri.
MANESS," and that their only rstablisb-
monis are-
-140, Rageatalroot. 10, Royal Rcclutage.
04 . llsotalaest. 7b,_aitaapilde..
• Wholesale and Shipplag warehouse.
N.R —OBSERVE TIER NARK.

fIVEROOATI73.—HAMILTON and KIMPTON
call especial attention to lite NEW WINTER 0001101 lee
OYSRWATS, and invite an early inepection of the same. N.B.
Specimen garments always on hand.
No. lea, Shand, opposite Inner Han.

LONDON must have a Supper and Music Room
for Gentlenten.—ltestenaher we welt lot you at Er ANtPi
alter the Covent Garden Opera and tbe Ilestres.

%The erpreog.

10 ODZLIBPONDIO476.
Avertieentanse Wended for The Ineets" Lando& Eveslag
moat be at the Mon 0, Botiveateelneen. b/
dock on the day of publication.

HATMARKII.
Tan imam. TRILILB WEEKB Avrart ILABBIACIL—
MED UP. Mr. Charles Mathews, Mr. Howe . MIN Melly Mow.
Ms. F. ittswiltlans. —VII GOLDIN 14.11.6 CE. Mews. Mises'
Mathews and Compton : Msa. C. Mathews—A.la the &SLUM

pEntcasrs.
nne Brownie, AN APPLY APOLOGY.—After which IT IS
NIVA.B. TOO Leal TO litND. Maws. Vining. 0. MOW
T. Mead, D. Murray, b. Cabana, F. Villiers..l. G. Shorn, O. Mur-
ray, sad R. Csilruirt: Woes L Moore and K. Kodgen.

BILITANNIA.
nos EYSII3IO, POLL A DIIOIL Yrs. S, Lano.--Plepor
id sad his Autosuda.—The WAus.—To conclude with
TDevoRAVALOAP. . OR, THE LAST DAYS O NILSON.

HIGH WIER AT LOINDON-31MM
TO DAT Mosta& Ob. Ilia.....Allersooth Ob. 157 a.
TO410111011f•-• Mauls& 116 Um.--Andemile. lb. 44,M.

LONDON. THURSDAY. NOYSMBRB 2.

THE terrific explosion which on Tuesday con.
verted the works of the London Gas Company into
a mass of ruins, which destroyed whole streets,
and cost the lives of an unknown number of
human beings, has not yet been traced to any cer-
tain cause. It is contrary to all our existing know-
ledge that gas should take fire or explode without
a due admixture of atmospheric air, and hitherto
we have always been able to find the clue of an
explosion in the fact of a preliminary escape of the
gas into some chamber where such admixture could
take place. But gas stored in a "holder" is, or
ought to be, pure. It is in a condition in which,
if the holder were rent open, it would burn as
the air reached it and fed the flame, but in which
no instantaneous combustion of the whole mass
could take place to constitute an explosion.
Indeed, one of the gasometers adjaceut
to that which burst gave an example on
this very occasion of the character of this inflam-
mation. The gas which it contained escaped sod
caught fire, and the flame ascended in a great
roaring pyramid of light ; but the result, however
alarming and irrepressible, was perfectly innocuous.
In the meter which exploded, therefore, some new
and as yet unknown or unforeseen condition must
have existed to lead to instant explosion on the
contact of some chance spark. But what this pecu-
liarity may have been it is the business of science
to find out. We cannot afford to sit still and
wonder as we should at some natural phenomenon
which we cannot understand, and which, if we did
understand it, we could not resist or escape.
It is no earthquake or volcanic eruption I
that we have to deal with ; it is a'
manufacture by human hands, a remarkable ap-
plication of human discovery, necessary now for
the comfort of a whole population, and carried on
in the midst of a densely crowded city. When all
at once such a manufacture results iu overwhelm-
ing destruction, it becomes imperative that we
should discover to a certainty the actual cause, in
order that by removing or guarding against it we 1
may secure safety for the future. And therefore
it must be hoped that means more effectual than
those ordinarily available to a coroner's jury will
be employed to penetrate the secret. It is a case
in which scientific investigation by the most skilful
and learned of our men of science presents the
only satisfactory means of arriving at a know-
ledge of the truth, and we trust that the com-
pany conoerned, or in its default the Govern- I
ment, will provide for an inquiry by the most
competent persona into the cause of the
catastrophe.
This becomes the more necessary because
attempts to account for the disaster by the
ordinary explanation of a mere " escape of gas,"
are beginning to appear in some of the published
accounts. But any explosion resulting from an
escape of gas must have been external to the
gasometers, and though they might be broken
from the ou'aide by its force, it is not easy to see
bow they could be burnt asunder, how the thick
iron plates of which they are constructed should
be rolled up and torn off, and how huge pieces of
metal should be hurled through the air by any
other cause than an internal explosion of some
dangerous compound. Bat bow did any each
compound get into the gasometer, and what was it
composed oft We know that a mixture of air
with gas is an explosive compound, but who can
tell us how air came to be forced into the holder of
a gas work It is, however, at least not impossible
that there may have been compounds of a different
character. There are some detonating mixtures
which are of power far beyond that of gunpowder,
and of the mode of production of which chemistry
has not yet fully informed us. These will ignite
without application of flame, and with only the
moderate amount of beat which friction or shaking
will develop. And though they have not, as is