The Express.
London, England, 1865-04-15 00:00:00

111Pittliti FROM PARIS

(nos' on awl

PARIS. Panne Ennis.
The clerical party will, I think, derive small oou
fort from M. Thiers' advoesey of the tempo%
power. Throughout his wonderfully eloquent speed
he betrayed the ocnisciousneas that be was plead 4
• lost cause. He seemed to have a malicious plea
sure in proving to the satisfaction of an Ludic*
not at all indisposed to agree with him, that get
Italian war was the dust of a series of false step;
terminating in the Convention of Sept. 15; but
he did not venture to suggest that it was now dale
able or possible to retrace those steps. Accor
to him it was very unwise of France to set up It
as a first-rate power, and he apprehends that se
will one day join England or Germany, or perhaps
both, in a war against France. But, although le.
muting the destruction of the separate dates of
Naples and Tuscany (he prudently said nothing she'
Modena), he does not recommend anything sowild
an attempt to re-construct them. In his opus*
Italian unity was • bad thing for Italy as well a
for France; but he admits that the Italians ace
the best judges of what concerns their own interest,
and that the beat men in Italy are unanimous is
favour of unity. He would it were pomade se
form a close alliance with Austria ; but oely, es
at least principally, because he fears the new
struction of that dangerous alliance between he
three great northern powers which it wee the
object of the Crimean war to break up, and le
does not dream of restoring Austrian rule in Italx
He bitterly regrets the convention, but fully sten
that France is bound by it, and he repeatedly es.
pressed his conviction that within eighteen wads
the French army will certainly leave Rost
He rididuled the idea of their go*
back again after having once left, and std
not even hint at the evasion of the convention fn.
quently suggested—that of maintaining a nag
French garrison at Civita Vecchia. Wlsen he
French army goes, the Pope, M. Thiers grieve h
think, will go into exile ; for be is firmly pomade(
that the reconciliation between Italy and the P►
pacy, which the French government pretends to to.
Have it has laid the foundation for, will never !oh
place. The Italians will be prudent, and not*
prive themselves of the benefit of the *Ater d tie
convention, which is clearly in their favour, by I.
tacking Rome or exciting the Romans to rise he
hellion. But when the French army and the Pegs
shall have left the Eternal City, Victor le
mound, quietly and without violence, e
reign therein, and France will then have plied
herself in such a position that it will be utterly ad
of the question for her to undertake a second lisp
of Rome—not this time against a handful of sr
publicans, but against the numerous and well
disciplined army of a great kingdom. All thee
things M. Thiers thinks will surely happen, and hi
whole speech, exquisitely worded and highly is
tereating as it is, was but a chapter of lamentations
that there is now no help for them ; for the feeble
expression of a hope in his peroration that Prase
would get out of the convention "if she could
with honour," clearly implied that the speak.
saw no honourable way out of it. M. Thim,
while carefully guarding himself against bag
supposed to hold any ultra-catholic views, be
looking at the question merely as a heed
statesman and a firm adherent to the ice
trine established by the great revolatice
that all forms of religious worship should be equal
in the eye of the law, ingeniously argued that for
the government wantonly to destroy the temp:eel
power, or, having the means of saving it, to &Ike
it to be destroyed without some very grave sad
urgent reason, was to oppress the consciences d
S 6 millions of French catholic., who believed lid
the head of their church required to be • soveniga
in order that he might direct the spiritual affair d
that church with independence. He claimed so
favour for catholios because of their being 1*
immense majority in France, but that circumdake
was assuredly no reason why they should enjoy
lees liberty than members of other religions.
" Humanly speaking"—and this proviso M. Thin
said he was anxious to repeat a hundred times—the
fate of the catholic church was in the hands of Francs;
and although be was far from contending that it
would, under all and any circumstances, be the
duty of the French government to preserve sad
perpetuate the Pope's temporal sovereignty ;
when there was no danger or difficulty in prevent.
tag it from dropping, and when, on the other band,
there were many and serious reasons founded is
justice and sound policy why it should be pow
served, it was, be contended, religions persecution
in effect, to let the Pope be placed in such • pans
that he must quit Rome. He did not believe in
tie possibility of a free church in • free state Oi
any large scale. No government in Europe wadi
ever let the church enjoy the immense Wain
which the undisputed patronage of lonsbopeits
and livings must ever confer. The come
quence of destroying the temporal pome
would be not that there would be • free church his
free State, but that the church would be is*,
power of the State. He bad known all the m&
bishops of Paris in his time, and he had made an
of them himself. He greatly respected them A
but he should not have liked to have confided*
any one of them the power in France now wielded
by the Pope ; and his reason was that Notre Dm*
was far too near to the Tuileries. The latter 5*
ment is not devoid of force, but while it pits
to the ueoesaity of snore liberty in France of 111
kinds, I cannot think it conclusive reason nlll
the citizens of • great nation should to
condemned for all time to bare their religions
affairs managed by a foreign potentate —more ego
sully when that potentate is the author et tad
encyclical which K Thiess admits to be " retina
I table," but which M. Emile 011ivier, in his ophillsi
and (in many respects) admirable reply, said tons
not regrettable in the sense of being issued Way
and unadvisedly, but was a well-considered,
berate defiance of modern Mesa, and a DOWN/
consequence of the position which the Papacy la.
assumed.
One argument of the adversaries of the tenpin
power and the most cogent one of all, was not Ken
by M. Thiers—viz., that, as a matter of fact, lin
Pope's temporal power has long ceased to exid.
M. Emile 011ivier greatly added to his reps'
tation as an effective debater by answering on got
spur of the moment, and very fully, N. Third
carefully prepared oration. His speech is ad
indeed comparable to that of M. Thien as • doer
rogation, but it touches practically upon most ed de
points raised by him. He powerfully repadiliai
M. Thins' idea of an Arminian alliance, which ho
said had, whenever adopted, brought midortselso
upon France. He perspicuously showed that $
Thiers' arguments against the unity of Belt,
founded upon the different dialects of Vision
Piedmont, Naples, Ms., would have been joie!
applicable even so lately as fifty years ago SOP
unity of France, since the Bretons, Proveemnar
sottsitAlSMiallevtbe
loooworuldammesnot tootihenlaudnoder sostensiKomi

No 168
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ea DOW. M. °Wrier, hereby probably on
west of his recent conversion doing some
Tiamos to his intimate convictions—adopts the
government version that the convention
was
mislay intended to give the Pope a fair oppor-
wy and full time to reform his government, ao
• links it endurable to his subjects and conform-
Ai to the present age. Whether the Pope will
woo a good amount the opportunity so given
• 11. 011ivier professes to have no idea. But—
wobste I hope the government with which he
los so much pains to agree will not ultimately
der from him—he says that if the Pope will not
sod his ways, and the temporal power should
*ohm fall, "so midi the better !"
The debate is adjourned till to-morrow, when M.
Boehm will speak on behalf of the government.
Toe Monde confirms M. Thiera' view that the
pope will leave Rome by an article lamenting the
o• g probability that he will take refuge either in
Malta or England.
The Bourse was spin weak ; the variations in
~mtations are in almost all instances insignificant.

CANADA AND THE ONIZED 81".421:5;
(From the Saturday Review)
There is no disgraoe in the confession that Eng-
bed Is so umiak for the United States on the eoatismit of
yin& Colonial poessesions way always hitherto sap-
pa to ts held in outlying parts of the world, beyood the
pink dgnat military powers. It is not without anxiity
let litho statesmen watch the slow adman, of Romlan
ionise North.Weetern Asia. In the last century the
- Amnions twinges themselves wise apparently
=a hi the proximity of French Canada and
and they could sever have attained
ow* and independence if they bad been cou-
sin/Wm with Franco itself. Only !self a deem years
op the government of the United States, though Ile
glow was often mewing, nonseseed neither an inky
it. cosy ; but when it has4oo,ooo or 300,000 men nu-
word, it will not find en aqua adversary ia the western
It would be aboard to expect that England
=44l4lo;a6cAt half that somber of men to Ostia& is long
• the cennitation sad orpaleatiaa of the army retain
m thud ost diameter. A democratic revolution, with a
oes ono of its remelts, affords the only probable
il mamas, Woad into a nation of eon.
poem The Canadians themselves might perhaps
non laved= suocesafally if they wore thoroughly
aspost is the eases, but their warlike enthusiasm has thus
hr hest ceellald within narrow limits If the United
Wm west peopled by Rosanne, by Frenchmen, or by
gloom the Weenie of English blood might safely be
Insisito reader dim doraimon impoosibke ; hot a Canadian
d the Corr Province is so like an American that he
issy whore not be inclined to prevent the oblitera-
tion of the remaining differences at the oast of life
sei fatten If the Wiliam were hearth resolved
10Silltti2 their separate existence, the whole
pow of England would be willingly and hopefully
storMi in theses defence, bat it may become a troll
fisty to meatensaos a mild repugnance to amalgamattou.
As, Arserkea project of will probably be
yostedsd sad prepared by intrigues which may divide the
sympathies of the population. A plausible excuse for a
rename of ease to honour is seldom wanting. The tole-
tint anientand that, although their ocluatry may be the
rim and the object of an AM414011,11 war, lb. (panel will
n the fiat instance not improbably be &atted on England.
A joist admire in which both parties dispute their liability
liglipssise is not altogether hopeful.

(From the Spectator.)
What doss it all mean ! Is it possible the assertion of
them shodistend the colonies is tune, and that the colonists
en perfectly willing to belong to Great Britain as long as
Great Britain will protect them, bat not wilhat if they are
le be asked to help in protecting themselves! In that case
themoser they come to a distinct understanding as to the
worth of the ethane. the better for them and for the
mid, for without it they will most indubitably
Leg themselves some day left in the lurch. Great
Beitkill is perfectly willing to fight for the Casa-
diem as if they were residents of Cornwall, but then
the mast exert themselves as the people of Cornwall
taxes ae high, submit if the matter comes to a
of life and death to a conscription, or, as we call it,
a " nulitia law " as severe as would be enforced in
say Frei& county. If they are not prepared for this they
bad batter god once, for exactly in proportion as their zeal
decker oo will that of this country. Orisit that the colonies
are limply tryisg to play the old ipme, and endeavouring
to extort better terms from this tawdry by threats of
aaesorioa if their tams are refused If they are, they are
guilty of a political anachronism fetal to the reputation
of their Loden for practical statesmanship. Jt
is the deliberate opinion of the best political thinkers and
the mod iideeetial cabinet ministers in this oountry that
the time boa arrived when the dependence of the Anglo-
Baca coheir must either asses, or merge in La aliases to
be engaged by dear and oars( nUy-obeerved diplomatic agree-
ment. Upon the whole, and with one or two reserves, they
prefer the latter coarse, so much prefer it that they
we willing to undergo the risk of war and the
eertainty of very ociasiderable expense' for defence,
eltber than adopt the safe but, as they consider
alionocrable expedient of cutting the colonies loose:
But the preference is dependent entirely upon the
medicos of the colonies to do all in their power to maintain
the 030011Xi00, and any threat of departure will be received
with a serene " God speed you!" not, it may be, wholly
unload with plessnre. If the Canadians, or New BMW.
eiders, or Nova Scotian deliberately prefer, sod show
that they prefer, the high taxation and free national life of
the United States to the lower taxation and subordinate
mliceal life of a state allied with Great Britain, there is
catlike more to be said. We shall not fight them for
expressing that preference, and most assuredly we shall not
attempt to bribe them. They have only to express their
ill! by a parliamentary vote, taken of course after an
plied to the people.