The Express.
London, England, 1853-11-01 00:00:00

TO TIM ZDITOR OP Till ZXPRIU.

Sts,—lt becomes a pressing question to know what
to do with convicts. Surely we can secure the main objects
in their treatment, of punishment and warning, of security
to the public, and of moral reformation, without disregard-
ing economy.

Inasmuch se convicts must in any ease be fed, clothed,
and otherwise taken care of, all which costs money, they
should invariably, and as a necessary :part of their system
of management, be put to some productive work. This
productive work should, as far se possible, be such as
will not interfere with trade or the labour market, nor
infringe upon the domain of private enterprise.
These are the principles which British tax payers should
maintain and contend for. There are in the British blends
extensive tracts of waste land, certain of which, capable of
improvement, mad to be had at a cheap rate, are yet unmar-
getable, being unsuited for the remunerative employment
of capital. In spending money to improve land it does not
pay unless you get at least eve per cent. for your money.
The mosey soak in improving land is mostly spent in
Wear; very little in materials or other things. Now,
with a number ..)f convicts, stout bands enough,who must be
fed and kept at any rate, the labour is ready to be applied to
the land at once, without much extra cost. The labour is
already paid for, and may as well be turned to some ac-
count. Thus circumstanced, it would surely pay govern-
ment to improve land for an annual return of one or two
per cent. on the estimated cost of outlay in convict labour;
and so land might be improved end brought into the land
market, which otherwise would fur ever lie comparatively
useless. Your obedient servant,

London, Oct. 28.

W. E. C. N.

PROFESSOR MAURICE AND TILE COUNCIL OP
KING'S COLLEOII.—It is understood that Mr. Maurice has
been definitively removed from the chair of ecclesiastical
history by the council of King's College, in consequence of
the doubu respecting his orthodoxy suggested by a volume
of "Theological Essays" recently published by the rev.
gentleman. The announcement was made by Dr. Jelf on
Saturday last that Professor Maurice's lectures would be

FRANCE.

PARIS, MONDAY EVIININO.
It is stated upon " unquestionable authority" that
the much-talked of and dreaded manifesto of the
Emperor of Russia on the receipt of the Turkish de-
claration of war now turns out to have been a very
pacific note from Prince Nesselrode, in which
he informed the Four Powers that the Emperor,
his master, regretted extremely that the Turks should
have so misunderstood his intentions as to have
pushed matters to a declaration of war ; that he de-
plored the present state of suspense, and was most
anxious for its speedy termination. As the readiest
way of effecting this, and with a view to the imme-
diate evacuation of the Principalities, ho proposed
that a Turkish plenipotentiary should proceed to
Prince Gortschakoffs head-quarters, and arrange the
matter on the spot. This proposition is said to have
been declined by France and England, on the ground
that matters had gone too far to allow the difference
between Russia and Turkey to be arranged in this
summary manner, but that those Powers were
ready to draw up a new note, based on the evacua-
tion of the Principalities, in which the portions of the
Vienna note, which had offended Turkish dignity,
should be omitted or explained in such a way as to
leave no ground for Russian interference with the
sovereign rights and prerogatives of the Sultan.
Such a note, it is further stated, has been drawn
up, has received the assent and approbation of
Austria and Prussia, as well as of the representative
of the Emperor !Nicholas at Vienna, and is now on
ifs way to Constantinople.
An unfavourable reaction took place at the Bourse
to-day. Final quotations:—Three per Cent. Rentes,
73.13; Four-and-a-Half per Cents., 99.63; Bank
Share, 2,783.

General Baraguayd'Hilliers is officially nominated
to the Embassy at Constantinople.

The following not irreconcilcable statement is from
another source:

VIENNA, MONDAY.
30,000 infantry and 400 cavalry, under the orders
of Omer Pacha, passed the Danube at Kalafat, on
the 27th inst. A great number mo►e were in the
act of passing.
An encounter with the Russians was expected on
the 28th.