The Express.
London, England, 1853-09-12 00:00:00

GERMANY.

BEnuN, SEPT. B.—The Prussian Moniteur con-
tains a decree which authorises the free circulation
in the different states of the Zollverein, of the corn
received in Prussia from the 13th of September to
the 31st of December.

VIENNA, SEPT. s.—Tho Emperor returned last
evening. This morning there was a grand council
at M. Buol's, upon the receipt of despatches sent from
Constantinople by M. de Bruck.

GREECE.

A letter from Athens, of the 26th of August, says :
" The day before yesterday the ministers gave offi-
cial information to the Senate and Chamber of Depu-
ties of the resolution of the conference of London
relative to the order of succession to the throne.
Official reports prove the harvest this year in Greece
to be ono-third less than in preceding years."

The Gazette de Rile announces that the Federal
Council has resolved to expel from Switzerland two
Itailian refugees, named Clementi and Cassold, az-
cwied of having transmitted arms and uniforms into
Lombardy. These refugees are stated in the decree
of expulsion to be closely connected with lazzini.

AMERICA.

ARRIVAL OF THE AMERICA.
LIVERPOOL, SUNDAY.
_

Early this afternoon the Royal Mail steam-ship
America, Captain Shannon, arrived at this port with
the mails from the United States and the British
provinces of North America. The America left Boston
on the 31st ult., and Halifax early on the 2nd inst.,
and has brought, besides the usual mails, which were
lunder the charge of Lieut. Beddick., R.N., Admiralty
agent, about 80 passengers and upwards of 125,000
dollars in specie on freight.
Amongst the passengers brought by the America
is the Earl of Elgin, Governor-General of Canada,
who is accompanied by the countess and family.
The Royal Mail steam-ship Europa, which sailed
from hence on the 20th, arrived out at Boston on the
31st ult.

II Wm. Calder, who had been arrested at New York
under the Ashburton Treaty on a charge of forgery
and grand larceny, had been released. Calder had
been in the employment of the British government
as a surveyor in the Sappers and Miners, during
which time he forged the names of the men under
him to the pay-roll, and put the monies into his
pocket. Ultimately he decamped to America, taking
with him a number of surveyor's instruments, to
the value of nearly 300 dollars.
Mr. Wilson, the Mayor of Montreal, has been
arrested on a charge of murder, arising out of the
riots at Montreal on the occasion of Father Gavazzi's
lectures in that city two or three months ago.
We are happy to have it in our power to announce
that by this arrival we have intelligence from New
Orleans of a more favourable character with respect
to the fever. The pestilence was abating in its
virulence. The deaths during six weeks amounted
to no less than six thousand.

The British Royal Mail steamship Quito, carrying
the mails between the various ports on the west
coast of South America and Panama, had been totally
wrecked at Huasco on the 10th ult. Very fortu-
nately the lose of life was small, only one person being
drowned.

(For Commercial Intllligence see page 4.)

REMOVAL OF THE SCHOOL OF DESIGN FROM
Sonsaarr-stouez.—During the last few weeks the School
of Design, with its ornamental cuts, and various artistic
apparatus for teaching, has been gradually removed from
Somerset-house, where, in the rooms formerly occupied by
the Royal Academy, it had been located from its com-
mencement, in 1837. The removal is now completed, and
the rooms given up to the Registrar-General of Births,
Deaths, and Marriages. The school is removed to Marl-
borough-house, and will form part of the Central School of
Art of the Department of Science and Art. The several
district schools already established is the metropolis, at the
Mechanics Institute, Westminster, Bt. Thomas Charter-
house Schools, Finsbury, and about to be established in St.
Martin's parish, and elsewhere, will supply the elementary
instruction in art formerly given at Somerset-house, whilst
the higher branches will be taught at Marlborough-house.
LETTERS, &C., FOR GREECE AND TUE lONIAN
iILANDS.—The following notice has been issued by the
Postmaster-General :—" Her Majesty's Packet heretofore
conveying the mails between Malta and Corfu having been
withdrawn, the correspondence for the lonian Islands and
Greece can no longer be forwarded by the Overlaid mat
either via Southampton or via Marseilles. Letters, ikc.,
for the above countries are despatched from London daily
(Sundays excepted), these for the lonian Islands being
transmitted via Odend and Trieste, and those for Greta
being forwarded to France, for conveyance by French
packet via Marseilles. Newspapers fur the lonian Islands
are liable toe rate of one penny half-penny each, and
newspapers for Greece to a rate of one penny earn, and,
unless these sums are paid in advance, the newspapers can-
not hereafter be forwarded. Printed books, magazines,
reviews, and pamphlets, can no longer be transmitted be-
tween the United Kingdom and the lonian Islands at the
reduced rates of postage fixed for such publications under
the Colonial Book Post Regulations. They will he charge-
able, when sent via Trieste, with the same rates of pottage
as letters."

MOREHOUSE MANAOEMENT.—Mr. Brent held an
inquest on Friday at the Constitution, Great James's-
street, Marylebone, on Martha Austin; aged live years,
whose death was attributed to parochial neglect. It was
sworn that the deceased being very ill, the parents des-
patched a woman named White to the workhouse for
medical aid. White had scarcely time .o deliver her mes-
sage at the workhouse gate, when the porter answered—
" You can't have a medical order," and then slammed the
door in her face. After remaining some time outside the
gate, she returned to the child's father, and told him the
result of her journey, and as he deemed all further efforts
to obtain medical aid useless, he did not repeat the appli-
cation. The followin4 morning the child vomited a quan-
tity of blood, and expired. Mr. Sedgewick, part/chili, sur-
geon, said that deceased died from scarlatina. Ile could
not say whether life would have been saved if deceased had
had timely medical aid. The conduct of the porter was
very bad, as an order was always given in case of illness.
It was his duty to have sent the applicant to the overseer's
room. Ho was informed that it was not the regular por-
ter, but a pauper that was on duty at the time. The coro-
ner summed up, and the jury returned a verdict in accor-
dance with the medical evidence, accompanied by the sub-
joined censure, which they requested the coroner to for-
ward to the workhouse authorities :—" The jurors regret
that an order was refused st the workhouse for deceased's
medical attendance; and they recommend that the poor
should be treated with more civility and kinelniss. The
jury further recommend that boards be placed on the walls
of the workhouse, with directions instructing the poor how
they should apply fir relict."
A BEI= OF FERNANDO CORTEZ.—Tho Duke de
Montpensier has just purchased the humble house which
was inhabited by Fernando Cortex, at Castilleja de la
Cuesta, near Seville. The Prince being desirous of trans-
mitting to posterity chat may be called a monument of
Spanish national glory, is about to have the house repaired,
without changing its turns, so as to leave it jus: as it was
inhabited lip the illustrious Spaniard.
SCARCITY IN TUE ROMAN STATES.—The journals
of the South announce that the Pope has ordered Baron
(hellion to purchase at Leghorn 110,000 sack, of wheat in
ceder to provide for the scarcity which is now felt in the
Pontifical States. Part of this quantity which has been mar-
rimed hr, his Holiness out of his privy purse has art ived at
(rita Vecchia.

LORD CL.4REIIDO.rS ANSWER
NESSELRODB NOTE.

_______.
The first document chiming to be a Briti.h
State Paper whlett has transpired eonnecto
with the pending Russian and Turkish difference
is given below. Although it belongs by its °eel,
sion to a past stage of the Eastern !crisis, aid
although neither its main facts nor its arguments are
new, it is a document of considerable interest, s
showing the attitude assumed by this country es a
leading European power, and the tune and temper
of the British Cabinet in dealing with the insolent
and dishonest pretensions of Russia. The despatch addressed by the Earl of Clarendon to Sir Remit.
ton Seymour, our Minister at St. Petersburg,
and is intended, in the first place, to refute the sift'.
gations and arguments employed by Count Nesse'.
rode in his second note, and then to indicate to the
Russian Autocrat the views of the British cabinet re.
'pectin his extraordinary proceedings in occupying
the principalities, The document now published, fu
from explaining the reserve and secrecy hitherto
successfully maintained in the Foreign-office respect.
ing its part in this affair, justifies the regrets often
expressed in these columns that the British govern.
ment should shrink from u publicity which not only
the French but the Russian and Ottoman cabinets
have sought. The notes of Count Nesselrode, of M.
Drouyn de Lhuys, and of Reschid Pasha, have lictia
in circulation in this country a few days after their
dates, while a note written in one of our own streets
takes two months to reach the public on whw is
half it is penned. nod then makes its appearance, is
a somewhat questionable shape, in a Sunday paper_
the Sunday Times.

THE EARL OF CLARENDON TO SIR G. U.

SEYMOUR,

Foreign-olßes, 16th July, MI
Sir, —Baron Brunnow has communicated to me the Cir.
cular despatch addressed by Count Nesseirode to the legs.
doss of Russia, bearing date the 20th Ju e (2nd July), la-s 3.
It would give me much pain to express to the utonish.
meet and regret with which the government of her Majesty
has seen the declaration contained in that despatch, that it
was in consequence of the retusal of England and France
to yield to the recommendation of the Russian government,
and in consequence of the entry of their fleets into the
waters of Turkey, that the occupation of tho principalities
had taken place.

The passages of the despatch containing that cxtraordi.
nary assertion, are the following :

" In placing this ultimatum before the Porte, we had
more particularly informed the cabinets of the great powers
of our intentions. We had especially appealed to
Female and Great Britain net to complicate, by their ani
tude, the difficulties cf the situation ; not to take marine
too hastily that, on the ono hand, might have the effect of
encouraging opposition on the part of the Porte, and, oa
the other, might engage more deeply than had hitherto
been the case, the honour and dignil of the Emperr.
" On the other aide, the two maritime powers have not
thought it their duty to yield to the consideration, which
we have recommended to their serious attention. Taking
before us the initiative, they have judged it indispensable
to precede immediately, by an effictive measure, those men
sures which we only announced as purely eventual, since
we made the carrying of them into effect depend on the
final resolutions of the Porte, and because, at the very mo_
ment when I write, the execution thereof has not yet begun.
They immediately sent their fleets into the waters of Con_
stantinople. They already occupy the seas and ports of the
Ottoman dominion, at the gates of the Dardanelles. lip
tkat advanced attitude the two powers have placed us Ude!'
the weight of a threatening demonstration, which, as ws
had predicted to them, may add to the crisia new compli.
cations.

"In presence of the refusal of the Porte, supported by
the manifestations of Franca and England, it heroines more
than ever impossible for us to modify the resolutions that
the Emperor has made dependent on them. In come.
quence, his Imperial Majesty has scat to the corps of oar
troops stationed at this moment in Bessarabia the order to
pass the frontier, and to cccupy the Principalities."
I may observe, in the first place, with reference to the
first of these passages, that the despatch of Count de Nes.
selrode, addressed under date of the Ist of June to the
Baron Brunnow, had not been brought to the knowledge ef
the government of her Majesty before the Bth of June, and.
consequently, the orders forwarded a week previauly to
Admiral Dundee to repair to the environs of the Darda-
nelles had not been issued, as pretended in the circular of
the Count de Nesselrode, after the considerations were
made known to the British government. But had it even
been different, and had the orders Lot been issued, it was
still impossible for the government of her Majesty to think
that the menace to occupy the Principalities would not be
carried into effect in consequence of the adherence on the
pert of the Porte to the rejection of those clauses which
a few days before it had rejected without hesitation.
Consequently, on the Bth of June, the government of
her Majesty could not but consider the occupation of :he
Principalities as inevitable, and they think that the cabinet
of St. Petersburg will not now pretend that the note of
Count de Nesselrode to lteschid Pasha, contained mere:,
a simple menace, which it was never seriously proposed to
carry into effect. It is a fact, moreover, that the note of
the Count de Nesselrode, of the date of the 31st May, con-
taining the communication of the hostile intentions of

Russia, would suffice of itself to authorise the government
of her Majesty to take measures for the protection of
Turkey.
I will endeavour now to establish at what period, sad
on what motives the British fleet was sent into the waters
of Turkey. The Prince Menchikoff, acting, as we mast
believe, by order of his government, has declared in his
note of the sth May, of which a copy was received in Lon-
don on the 18th of the same month, that all forth( r delay
to adopt his propositions relative to the Greek church would
be considered by him " only as a want of respect towards his
government, which would impose on him the most painful
obligations."
And accordingly, in his note of the 11th May, of which
a copy was received in London on the 30th of the same
month, the Prince Menchilcolf said, that in case of an un-
satisfactory decision by the Porte, " If the principles which
formed the basis (of the articles under discussion) are re-
jeeted—if by a systematic opposition the Sublime Porte per-
site in withholding itself from an intimate and direct under-
standing, he must consider his mission 13 terminated,
interrupt his relations with the cabinet of his Majesty the
Sultan, and cast upon the responsibility of his ministers all
the oosuiequences which may result therefrom " And, in

. ,
fine, in kis note dated the 15th of May, received in London
on the let of June, Prince Menchikoff concludes with thew
wends:—" It remains for the sagacity of your highness to
weigh the incalculable consequences and the great cals.
mities which may result, and which will fall with all their
weight on the responsibility of the ministers of his Maks/
the Sultan."

On one hand, these reiterated menaces towards a polar
whose independence Russia herself had declared her deur
mination to maintain—these menaces, say we—addressed

with the intention of sustaining the demands so little con-
formable to the assurances given to the government of her
Majesty; and, on the other hand, the great armaments, mi-
litary and naval,which during months were carried forward
on the very frontiers of Turkey, left no longer any doubt in
the minds of the government of her Majesty upon the im-
minent danger in which the Sultan was upon the point of
being placed. They deeply regretted that that &tiger re-
sulted from the acts of the Russian government, which was
a contracting party to the treaty of ISt' ; but as the go-
vernment of her Majesty entertains now as firmly as in
1841 the principles laid down in that treaty, and as they
think that the maintenance of the peace of Europe is en-
gaged in the conservation of the Ottoman empire, they
have felt that it was time for them to be ready (in the in-
terest of peace keel') to protect the Sultan. On learning.
then, the sudden departure of Prince Manchikoff, they
took the determination to place the British fleet, which at

. -
that time had not quitted Malta, at the disposition of her
Majesty's ambassador at Constantinople.

On the Ist of June the government addressed to Lord
Stratford de Redchtle a despatch authorising him, upon
certain specified occurrences, to send for the fleet, which,
in such case would sail for whatever place might be ia-
dicated for it. On the 2nd of June they forwarded to
Admiral Dentists instructions that ho should repair in,'
mediately to the neighbourhood of efie Dardanelles, and
place himself in communication with her Majesty's am-