The Express.
London, England, 1847-11-05 00:00:00

EXPRESS FROM PARIS.

The Paris journals of yesterday have arrived, with
the despatches of our correspondent, but they com-
municate nothing important.
The Duchess d'Aumale left Paris on Wednesday,
en route for Algiers.
Palos Bosse, hoc. 4.—For Money.—Three per Cent., 76 00
Firm 115 13; Your.. 100. Belgian MVP per Cent.., 1440, 99;
Do. Tarn.uaLa.llalf, 501 Raman Loan, 100. Iteasury Bond., 4f.
Bank Shares, 3,2:5. Exchange on London (sight), 25 75.

The Madrid mails of the 30th have arrived, but
their contents are altogether destitute of interest.
hol_an, Orr. W.—Three per Cents., 26 3.16 1 cash ; roar
per Cents., ISM, =A; Fi,e per Cents., 154 cub, 151 paper; Nadu.,
4 paper ; Coupons 1 D cub , Tank of St. Ferdinand, 124; Bank
co St. Debella, 112. Exchange on London, 111-100.

Letters from various parts of Switzerland have been
received. By that of our own correspondent it would II
appear that the troops of the Valais, prevented from
marching to the aid of Fribourg, have arrived at
Lucerne, to reinforce the troops of that canton. Advices
from Neufchatel, dated Ist inst., announce that the coun-
cil of state of that canton has submitted to the resolution
of the Diet which places the cantonal contingents
under the command of General Dufour, but it has
resolved that they shall not be employed against the
Sunderbond without the formal authorisation of the
cantonal legislature. Letters from Bale, dated Tues-
-1 day last, say that on that day it was expected that
'the Diet would finally resolve on measures of execu-
tion against the Sunderbond. It was expected that
Fribourg would be the first point of attack.
Advices from Berne, of the Ist inst., say, that an
encounter had occurred between the troops of Valais
and Vaud, near St. Maurice. The former, consisting
of about 2,000 men, issued from Sion to St. Maurice,
had attempted to pass the bridge at the latter
place, but had been repulsed by the Vaudais.
It is certain that in the district of Aigle,
there were four battalions of infantry, two
companies of carbineers, two companies of
artillery, and about 1,000 volunteers. Four additional
battalions had marched for the same place.
A letter from Berne of the 31st ult. says:—" We
have this moment learnt that the government of
Appenzell (Inner Rhodes) has come to the same reso-
lution as Neufchatel, and refuses to place its con-
tingent at the disposal of the twelve, and to make an
appeal to the Landsgemeinde if any new requisition
is made. The determination of Bale Town is not
yet known."
Letters from Rome of the 28th mention the retire-
ment of M. Morandi, governor of Rome, who is suc-
ceeded by M. Savelli. Cardinal Prince Altieri is
named President of Rome and Carmarca, that is
political chief of the city and province; and, at the
same. time, President of the Municipal Council.
Cardinal Antonelli has been appointed president,
and M. Rusconi vice-president of the council
of state. The report was again current of the retire-
ment of Cardinal Ferretti, who would, it was said, be
succeeded by Cardinal Amat, the present Legate of
Bologna.
The news from Ferrara was disquieting. Instead
of showing any intention of evacuating that city, the
Austrians were making preparations for its permanent
occupation. An engineer had been sent there to
superintendent the works necessary for the enlarge-
ment of the barracks appropriated to the imperial
troops. A vast quantity of military stores and equip-
ments had been ordered to be sent there from Venice.

INTERVIEW OF THE BIRMINGHAM DEPU-
TATION WITH LORD JOHN RUSSELL.
Yesterday the deputation appointed at the meeting
recently held in Birmingham, in reference to the financial
and commercial condition of the country, had an interview
with Lord John Russell.
Mr. G. F. Mr!erz introduced the deputation, and then
observed en the inefficiency of the government mea-
sure of relief, that the great reduction of the profits
of trade had rendered it impossible for merchants
or manufacturers to borrow money at a high
rate of interest for the purpose of employing it in
their trades, If they borrowed it in any case it would only
be to meet engagements already entered into, and pressing
upon them, but in no cue to embark it in any new under-
taking. He further strongly cautioned Lord John against
the danger of listening to interested and irresponsible
advisers. It was clearly understood that a gentleman he
would not hesitate to name (Mr. Jones Lloyd) had great
influence in advising the government in these injurious
measures, without sharing the responsibilities. Now he did
not object to government inquiring of experienced men, but
he did object to this surrender to an irresponsible party.
Mr. R. Spoor/En showed that though importations of gold
were taking place to some extent, it did not appear in the
Bank coffers, and would not appear there till the measures
of government were of so efficient and decided a character as
to restore general confidence. Ile then showed the rapid ces-
sation of employment that was going on, and urged strongly
both the inhumanity and danger of allowing the people to be
thus deprived of their means of existence.
Mr. Scuoterrecn confirmed Mr. Spooner's views, by
showing that the foreign orders on hand were only very par-
tially being executed, on account of the difficulty of convert-
ing even the best bills into cash or any available means.
On Mr. SALT being naked what was the rate of discounts at
joint-stock banks prior to the publication of Lord J. Russel's
letter, he stated that, u far as be bad heard, it did not ex-
ceed 74 per cent., but that on the publication of that letter it
rose to 9 per cent., 10 per cent., and even higher. Mr. Salt
then proceeded to call his lordship's attention to the very in-
jurious effects of his measure. The excessive rate of interest
demanded compelled holders of property to make forced
sales, under the most unfavourable circumstances, thus de-
pressing ruinously all pr.iperty. The general fall in the value
of property thus effected by the money laws, and the attempt to
mend them. could not be less than 20 per cent.; and taking the
value of the property of the nation at five thousand millions,
which was a low estimate, the loss, as regarded the power of
meeting engagements effected by his lordship's measures, or
by the measures he maintained, was not less than a thou
sand millions, or more than the whole of the national debt.
The further effect of raising the value of money higher than
the rote of profits was to make it impassible for manufac-
ture» to employ the people. It was a law against the pro-
perty, the solvency, and the life of the people. He warned
his lordship that the people would not submit to be exter-
minated in this way the manufacturers would not
submit to it. He, for one, would stand by his
men, and he had no doubt that others would do
the same, and they would permit no government to exist
that did not enable the people to live. He called
on his lordship to review the vast wreck that had
been made. He hoped his lordship would not think him
disrespectful if he offered him proof of the ignorance of the
government. So late as February the Chancellor of the
Exchequer boasted of the sound state of the country, and
treated as visionary the fear of danger. Again, he told the
Newcastle deputation, even on the 28th of September,
that there was plenty of money for those who could offer
good security. His lordship, twentydays after, acknowledged
the difficulties of the country to the Liverpool deputation,
but told them he could give no relief. (His lordship said he
had told the Liverpool deputation that he would give them
, an answer the next morning.) Mr. Salt resumed. Very

true, my lord, but the answer was a refusal, and a clam-
tion that your lordship would not violate the law. Within
five days your lordship did violate the law; and in the letter
by which your lordship did au, your lordship did, with sin-
gular candour, acknowledge that all your calealations and all
your anticipations had been shown by the e rents to be wrong.
Mr. Salt denied that the misfortunes of the country had been
in any respect brought on by railway speculations. The railway
undertakings were sound and valuable undertakings, con-
ducive to the national welfare, and in no degree exceeding
the national strength. They had no more to do with share-
Tbbing than the gambling-houses had to do with trade.
They were aloof and uncontaminated hy these practices,
which were confined within an entirely different circle. He
reminded his lordship that no difficulty occurred till the Bank
of England began to contract its issues, torefuse all customary
accommodation, until, to use Sir R. Peel's own cruel and
appropriate phrase—until the Bank put the screw on. That
was the marked period when prosperity was turned into ruin
—that was the error and the guilt; and it west bitter aggra-
vation to attempt to conceal the crime by libelling its vic-
tims. Under the effect of this screw the navvies and the
labourers could not be employed ' • they were deprived of
their means of existence by law. Mr. Salt required
that a large measure of relief should be immediately
given,—that money should be freely advanced at moderate
rates on all good securities,---and that meanwhile a full
inquiry should be instituted, with a view to permanent
legislation ; and he thought it his duty to warn his lordship
that if the minister* would not give relief he should feel it
his duty to apply to her majesty for the immediate dismissal
of ministers.
At the conclusion of Mr. Salt's appeal, his lordship replied,
that if he listened to the representations of the deputation
be might afford temporary relief, but that his compliance
would involve a tenfold measure of suffering hereafter.
Mr. MAKON fully confirmed the statements that had been
made of the distress of the people, and that Birmingham was
rapidly falling into a distress as great as that of other
parts of the country. Such destitution could not be
attributed to a bad harvest a national thanksgiv-
ing for abundance refuted this ; but it must be attributed
to the obstinate adherence to a monstrous error in the money
laws, to the maintenance of which every other interest,
every consideration, the solvency of the middle classes, and
the lives of the people were to he sacrificed. He felt assured
that if his lordship could become aware of the extent of suf-
fering of the people. that his great consideration and humanity
would induce him to grant ample relief. It was the duty of
the deputation to deal candidly ; and, with all due respect,
he was bound to tell his lordship that unless imme-
diate redress were given, an immediate appeal must
be made to her majesty. He trusted his lord.
ship would feel it a most sot inn duty to the
country to recommend the necessity of an inquiry into the
principles and opi mtion of the present system of currency.
He trusted his lordship's mind would be impressed with the
circumstances under which the country is labouring.
Mr. IlanLow urged upon his lordship the necessity of
measures of relief, such as would restore confidence and pre-
vent the breaking up of trade.
On Lord .1. Russell rising to close the interview, Mr. Salt
expressly asked his lordship whether he was prepared to
grant present efficient relief, and a full inquiry into the ef-
fects of the existing monetary legislation ? His lordship,
after deliberating for a few seconds, replied, " Ido not say
that I will or I will nowt." The deputation then retired.