The Express.
London, England, 1847-06-26 00:00:00

_tCbt cottn.

The Queen and Prince Albert, accompanied by their
Majesties the King and Queen of the Belgian, went yester-
day afternoon to Westminster Hall, to inspect the exhibition
of the competing oil paintings. The Royal suites consisted of
the Machines' of Douro_ Countess Vanderstraten (in wait-
inu on the Queen of the Belgians), Lady Caroline Cocks, Hon.
Miss Paget, the Lord Chamberlain, the Muter of the Horse,
the Groom of the Stole, Lord Byron, Mm. Sir E.Codrinston,
Major de Moerkerke (in waiting =the King of the Belgians), I
Lord Alfred Paget, and Cal. Wound& The august party
arrived at Westminster Balls hall past three o'clock. The
Commissioners for Pressanw and Encouraging the Fine
Arts in the Itihaildiag the Passe al Westminster assembled
in the hell, end attended her Majesty and her Royal
Consort, siel their Belgian Mseedite, during their in-
spection of the inflection. The Seentary, Mr. Eastlake,
was in eitensime, and also inducted the Queen and
the illadrieee tithes round the ball. The Lord Steward
had the bearer of jellies
ittivmal party. The coes-
MileMille pintwon the of Lansdowne Lied
Willoughby di ierbh the Bed Lillooll4 Viressai Oen
ning, Lord Osilisene, lard Aribudia, Lard Jabs S
at
Hour Werth, the Eight Hea. the Speaker el der
HOW. of Commons, the Right Hon. Sir PUNS Cubes, the
Right Hon. T. B. Macaulay, Mr. B. Hawes, M.P., Mr.
Vivian, Mr. Semite Rogan, and Mr. Wm..
Lord John Russell had an audience of the Qus
yesterday at Buckinghanpalacts.
H.M. the Queen Dowager, accompanied by their
RR.IIH. the Hereditary Grand Duke and Grand Buehler of
Saze Weimar and his Serene Highness Prince Edward of
Saxe Weimar, visited H.M. the Queen of the Belgians yester-
day, at Buckingham-palace. M. Rif . the Dunn of Cam-
bridge also visited the Queen of the Belgians yesterday.
The royal dinner party yesterday, at Buckingham
Palace, included their Majesties the King and Queen of the
Belgians, his Excellency M. Van is Weyer, the Countess
Vanders;raten, the Countess of Westmoreland, the Earl and
Countess Fortescue, the Earl of Liverpool, the Earl and
E Countess Grey, the Earl and Conn' Granville, Le Vicomte
de Yonghe, Hon. Sir E. Cost, Lint -Col. the lion. C. B.
Phippa, Major de Moerkerke, and Dr. Carswell.
Sir W. C. Rom, R.A., had the honour, yesterday,
of taking the last sitting for a miniature of her R.H. the
Princess Alice.

---
H.R.H. the Hereditary Grand Duke of Saxe
Weimar went yesterday to the Court of Queen's Bench at
Westminster, and also visited the other law courts. A.R.H.
inspected the collation of paintings in Westminster HAM

A meeting of the new Bishoprics Commiasionerswu
held yesterday is Whitehall-place. There were present the
Archbishop of Canterbury, the Marquis of Lutsdowne, Lord
John Rumen, the Rule of Chichester and Fowl.; the Bishop,
of London, Derbies, Winchester, and Lincoln; and theChast-
• the P

(From last night's Gazette.)
FOREIGN-OFFICE, JUNE 22. The Queen has
approved of Don (Julienne Folliero, a. Viee•Cunsul at
m.ata for his Majesty the King of the Two Bindles.

WAR-OFFICE, Jc.x 25.
2nd Life Gds.—J. A. G. Lord Loughborough to be cornet and nth-
lieut., by put., vice Ciao. Neviii, who ret.
hod Dram Gds.—Lieut. J. Ley to be rapt, by pur., sire Knox. who
ret. ; Cce. L. 1110bett to be lieut., by pur.; T.ll. Tomlin to be cornet,
by pur.
Ind Dragn—Cornet E. Amplliett to be lieu, by per., vice Carru-
thers, who set. ; D. P. Cockburn to Moaner, by pur.
6th Di...lra—Lieut. R. M. Peel to be apt, by pun, nee Denny,
who ret. ; Cornet R. G. ',Tinley to be lieut., by pur.; A. }Myth, to be
cornKt, by pun
14th L. Dragn—Cornet J. W. Bennett to be lieut., by put., vice
by Ramsay, prom. in 3rd West India Regt ; W. Spilling to be cornet,
pur.
3rd I.—Lieut. F. G. Byrne, from Ceylon Ride Rest., to be paymast.,
vice J. Luke, who ret on h.-p.
15th I.—A. Todd to be ens., by pur., viee Browne, who ret.
10th F.—Capt. W. Colt, from h.-p. Cnit., to tempt., vice A. Mac-
donald. who exch.; Lleut. T. W. Wilkinson to be mph, by pur.,
vice Colt, who ret. ; Ens. A. W. Cmolly, from Slat E., to be lieut.,
by pur.
Slat F.—J. Anderson to be ens., by nit., vice Conolly, prom. In
30th F. _ _

Etta,. P.—Apt. C. E. Michel to be major, by per., Tice Goldle,
prom. ; Limit A. Blount to be capt., by pur.; Ent. W. B. l'yne to be
hon., by par.: B. M h•te to beano, br pur.
3rd Wert India &Wt.—Cam. T. P. Nandelcur, from toot., to
be capt, Tioe C. B. Vane, who each., rayon. the dift :. Lieut. B. D.
W. Pommy, trom 14th L. Drags., to be milt., by pur., 'toe Vandeleur,
who rat.

Userrereen. —Brevet Lieut..CoL T. L. Goldie, from GGth F., to be
neut.-col., by por.
}immesh reranr.—Dep.lnap.-Gen. of liceepitals H. Franklin to be
insp.-gen. of hoepitals, vtee J. F. Clarke, who ret. on h..p.;
Dep. Insp.-Gen., with local rank, J. Lime* M.D., to be dep. imp..
gen. of Minpitaki ; Staff berg. of the Fleet Class A. Forstmann, M.D.,
to bo clep. bten..gen. of hogintale, with local rank.
Barvar.—Capt. T. P. Vandelenr, of ?rd Went India Rcgt., to be
MAW in the army ; Capt. W. Colt, of With F., to be major in the

illUroaassric.—LicuL.Col. Sir R. R. Doingswile, m h.-p. Royal
Engineers, has been allowed to retire from her Majesty's service. by
the sale of s Ileut..ooloncley an at., he being about to [some s settler
in Canada.

ROYAL VISIT TO SCOTLAND.—The Britannia
"understands' thatit is her Majesty's intention to proceed to
Scotland before the end of the season, and that during the
royal progress the Marquis of Abercom will be honoured
by a visit from his sovereign.

PENSION TO MR. LEWD HUNT.—The promoters of
liberal polities and the lovers of literature, will be rejoiced to
bear that the justice to Mr. Leigh Hunt, which they have
long desired has at length been done by the government.
Yesterday that gentleman received a letter from Lord John
Russell, communicating the gratifying fact, that it had been
decided to confer on him a pension of 2001. per annum, u,
his lordship stated, some compensation for the pecuniary and
personal sacrifices Mr. Leigh Hunt had suffered for the ad-
vocacy of principles, the truth of which is now, happily,
fully acknowledged and acted on.
COUNTY COURTS OP LAMBETH AND GREENWICH.—
We understand that Mr. George Chilton, Q.C. the leader
of the South Wales circuit, has been appointed judge of the
above courts, in the room of the late Mr. David Leahy.

SHERIFF'S' DINNER TO THE. TUDGES.—In reporting
this dinner, which took place on Wednesday last, the fact
that it was given at the Albion, Aldersgate-street, was inad-
vertently omitted. As it was one of the most sumptuous
feasts of the season, it is right that this establishment should
not lose the credit of it.

THE EXPEDITION TO CANToS.—A supplement to
the London Gazette was published last evening, containing
the official despatches anniuncing the expedition from Hoeg
Kong to Canton. the destruction of the Bogue forts and the
other Chinese defences oa the river, and the operations
before Canton, all of which were fully described in our
impression of Thursday last. We extract a few passages
from the despatches, however, which seem to throw additional
light upon these transactions. Major-General D'Aguilar
gives the fallowing as hie reasons for the precipitancy
of the measure : On the afternoon of the let instant,
I received a communication from his Excellency
Sir John Francis Davis, Baronet, her Majesty's
Plenipotentiary in China, imforming me that in con-
sequence of the repeated aggressions of the Chinese
upon British subjects m the neighbourhood of Canton, and
the unsatisfactory replies of the Imperial High Commissioner
to his demands for redress, his excellency had come to the
conclusion that there was no alternative but to proceed to
Canton with a force and demand reparation on the
spot. Upon receipt of the above letter, I lost no
time in communicating with Captain M'Dougall, of her
Majesty's steam frigate Vulture, the senior naval officer
in these waters ; and the result of our deliberations war,
that whilst we could not conceal from ourselves the
difficulty of undertaking ouch an expedition with so small
a force as that which would remain at our oonemend after
providing for the security of this island, still the ad-
vantages attendant upon prompt and energetic action be-
fore the hot season set in, appeared to us to justify the en-
terprise, provided the operauon was conducted upon the
principle of a coup de main and that no guns were left tin-
spiked in our rear. I was likewise influenced in my decision
upon this question by a desire to torch the people of Canton
that the troops in the garrison of Hong Kong, with the co
operation of the naval forte in these seas, are at all times
prepared to chastise aggression, without waiting for rein-
ta either from England or India." With no
sped to the eventual result of this brilliant operation.
upon which much anxiety would naturally be felt, On.
neral D'Aguilar expresses himself as follows The
Pluto has since been sent back to resume her position off
the factories, and, as a further precaution, I put on board
her, with the concurrence of Sir John Davie and Captain
M'Dougall, two intelligent subalterns, and thirty picked
men of the 18th Regiment, to act as marines until the ar-
rival of the naval commander-in-chief. I have since received
several reports from these detachments, all of which represent
the aspect of affairs as perfectly satisfactory ; and I shall be
much mistaken if the lesson we have given the government
and people of Canton be soon forgotten, whilst the discipline
and forbearance of the troops daring our occupation of the
suburbs, and which I have acknowledged in the annexed
general order, can scarcely fail to engender amongst the
Chinese inhabitants, feelings of respect to which they have
been hitherto strangers." The major-general then thenks in
warn terms Lieutenant-Colonel iftereton C.B emend la

command; Lieutenant-Colonel Philpotts, 'the commanding
royal engineer; Major Aldrich ; Capt. J. Bruce, sunistent
adjutant-general; Capt. Clark Kennedy; Lieut.-Col. Cow.
per, C. 13. ; Major Fitzgerald, Capt. Durnford, Lieut. Da
Cats, Lieut. E. Sargent; Captains Graves, Campbell, Stuart,
and Macleod ; Lieutenant Paterson, and Doctor Kinnir, for
their intelligence and exertions. The naval force was under
the command of Captain M' whose " ardent zeal and
cordial co-dperation" are highly eulogised by General
D'Aguilar. The supplement to the Gazette alto contains a
despatch from Captain M'Dougall, describing his share in the
operations. The whole number of troops employed wu 44
officers and 922 non-commisdoned allure and rank and file ;
the total number of guns destroyed, 879, of which 547 were
of iron, and 32 of brass. Colonel Brereton adds that—" Time
did not admit of taking the calibre of the guns in the several
forts; their bores were found to be of unusually large die
meter—some nearly 13 inches, and none under 5 inches. All
were mounted upon new garrison carriages, on the English
construction, and with iron truck wheels."

328 of which were arable. There was good water power on
the estate, and machines for MI weaving were provided ;
means of education for the children was also provided.
This scheme was, in the first instance, received with
much distrust by the labourers themselves. It should
be remarked that the neighbourhood was one of
thew in which agrarian outrages obtained—tut by judicious
management confidence was established, and the association
commenced with about 40 memnrs, and during the two
years s f its existence, 1831 and le32—at the end of which
period it was put an end to by Mr. Vandeleer'e leaving the
country—it was attended with the molt complete success.
The number of labourers, the rate of wage*, and, of course,
the produce of the farm, increased ; the members were
brought to habits of regular and systematic labour, and
drunkenness, disorder, end want Irmo place to sobriety,
peace, and comparative independence. Tho result of the
experiment, in the opinion of the author of the paper, proved
the possibility of permanently improving the condition of the
labouring population in Ireland and elsewhere by similar
means ; and the plan, he thour,ht, might be adopted wile
especial advantage by emierants to the colonies.
Col. Settee observed, that the system was very similar to
that of Owen, which had failed. It also partook too much
of the tuck system.
Professor lieecocx, who said he had tamed his attention
to the caidition of the Irish people, objected to the plea as
being opposed to the true principles of political economy, and
as destroy ing the relations of landlord, farmer, and labourer.
Another objection was, that as most of the I r lab landlords
, were tenants for life only, no permanency could be ensured
for any such arrangement. The conversion of the labourer
into a speculator in the produce of the land nod the adoption
of the truck system, instead of employing him on money
wages, was aiso to be deprecated. The sufferings of the
labourers during the recent famine bad been aggravated by
the eonacre system, by which they were made speculators us
the crops, for when these foiled the labourer, having ncthing
to fall hack on, must perish. He denied that the Irish were
naturally indolent; they were as industrious as any
people ,• all they required to develop that industry
was to be moored of regular employment and fair wages. Sir
J. M'Neill had tried the experiment of paying Irishmen
high wages, and exacting from them a high task of work in
rehire, sad had perfectly succeeded ; end Mr. Murray, the
weaver of the Provincial Bank of Ireland, had stated that
the Irish emigrants to Canada had sent in small sums
120,0001. for the relief of their suffering friends at home.
This, and the fact that Irishmen came here every harvest to
earn money, when they were certain of it, proved that they
were not deficient in industry. The reason the Irishmen
prefi reed in Ireland con-acre wages at fel a day, instead of
working for others at Is., was the certainty of the farmer and
the uncertainty of the latter.
Mr. HAGAN also condemned the system recemmended by
the paper which had been read, and referred to the scheme
adopted suceessfully by the Rev. Mr. Gilby, of Newport; in
the county of Wexford, who, when be saw that the tailor*
of the crops was inevitable, sent round to his friends, and ob-
tained orders from upwards of seventy for handepun linen,
upon the manufacture of which 600 people were now con-
stantly employed in his parish ,on good wants, who would
else have been reduced to starvation. So great was the
success of the scheme, that an eminent Liverpool merchant
had offered to send over a clerk to conduct the minufac-
cure till November, on condition that it should then
be handed over to him • and a similar offer had
been made by a Dublin merchant. There wan no doubt but
that a valuable and permanent manufacture WWI now esta•
Wished at Newport. This was the way permanently to im-
prove the condition of the Irish people, and with this object
an association had been recently established in Dublin to
assist in diverting the industry of Ireland into profitable
channels, and to offer suggestions for that purpose.
Subsequently some remarks on the absence of educational
establishments adapted to persons born with den-
cient or feeble mental organisation, by Mr. F. J.
Ciaskell, were real, the object of which was to
induce inquiry on the part of the government
as to the means of supplying the want. It was observed, in
the coarse of the discussion, that an establishment for carry
ing out the object suggested did exist in filwiteerland, from
which valuable information might be derived—A paper by
Mr. G. R. Porter, on the Influence of Education, shown by
Facts recorded in the Criminal Tables of 1845 and 1816,
closed the day's business of ttis section.—ln the Section for
Geology. and Physical Geography, the subjects treated of
were: The Freofiwater Eseene Beds of the Mersin Cliff,
Henn, by Lady Hastings; the Fossils from Herdic, by
Prof. Owen; on Detritus derived from the London Oa 1.,
ar.d deposited in this Red Crag, by Prof. Henslow ; a auk
Account of some Remarkable Movements of the hidden
Glacier under the side of the Ostler-Berg in the
Tears 1815-17, and also in 1845-6, by Sir T.
Dyke Aeland; and on the evetidea, by Prof. E. Forbes.—
In the Section for Mathematical and Physical Science : On
some recent and remarkable examples of the Protection
afforded by Metallic Conductor, against heavy discharges of
Lightning, by Sir W. S. Harris ; Account of Mr. Caldecott's
Observations for three veers on the Temperature cf the
Earth in India, by Prof. Forbes; Some Reetilts of a new
Calculation of the Perturbations of Uranus by the Planet
Neptune, by Mr. J. C. Adams; on a new Method of Com-
puting the Perturbation of a Comet, by Sir J. Lubbock ; on
a Graphical Method of Computing Occultations, and on a
new Arrangement of a Time Ball, by Prof. Chevallier ; on
Periodical Meteors, by Prof. Powell ; on Meteors, by Dr.
Forster; and on Phosphoric Meteors, by the Rev. T. Ran-
kin.—ln the Section for Chemical Science, with its applies-
tionno Agriculture and the Arts On a ne • Property of
Alcohol, by Dr. Greene; on the Regulation of Combustion,
by Dr. Arnett; on the Spaces occupied by Acid, base and
water, respectively in Hydrated Salts, by Dr. Playfair and
Mr. Joule; Report on Colouring Matters, by Dr. Schanck;
on different Properties of the Solar Radiatione which have
permeated Coloured Media, in influencing the Conditions of
Daguerreotype Plates, so as to receive or reject Mercurial
Vapour, by Mr. Clandet; on the Bulphato Chloride of
Copper, a new Mineral, by Prof. Connell.—ln the Natural
I History Section . On the Growth of Plants in closed Cases,
j by Mr. N. B. Ward ; on the Forests of Spain, by Capt.
Widdrington ; on the Periodical Appearance of Birds at
Llsnrwst, by Mr. J. Blackwell; on one new Genus and
three new Species of Bats, by the Prince of Canino; Re•
marks on the Lepidosiren, by Dr. Melville ; and on a Living
Specimen of a New Species of Proteus, by Dr. Acland.—la
the Subsection of Ethnology . on the Foals of Ponies resem-
bling Stags, by Dr. Fowler; on the Affinities of the Malay
and Polynesian Languages, by J. Crawfurd, Rsq.; on the
Aborigines of India, by Major-Gen. Briggs ; and Remarks
on the Vital end Physical Forces, with Observations on the
Functions of Nervous Centres, by Dr. Carpenter.—ln the
Physiological Section: On the Analogy of the Salerepenous
Tissue of Plants with the Bosses of Animals, by Dr. Ayres ;
and Hydropathy as a mean of preserving lalth, and as a
principal Remedy in Disease, by Mr. liumpage.
To-night we are to have n diecourse by Profs-nor Faraday
on his recent researches in diamagnetism.