The Express.
London, England, 1847-06-10 00:00:00

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LONDON, THURSDAY, JUNE 10.

IN the House of Commons yesterday the CHANCEL-
LOR of the EXCHEQUER, in an explanatory speech,
stated the purport of the resolutions at which the
committee on railway bills had arrived, the debate on
the same standing adjourned until this day at twelve
o'clock. The papers in reference to the affairs of
Portugal were again the subject of discussion, Lord
JOHN RUSSELL intimating that they would be
delivered in the course of the day.—Mr. Hume
was determined to bring the subject to
which the papers referred under the notice
of the house, if he received its support, on Friday
next.—The Hosiery Manufacture Bill, the adjourned
debate on the second reading of which was resumed
this day, was rejected by a majority of 20, the num-
bers being 77 to 57. The Seduction and Prostitution
Suppression Bill was read a second time.—Mr. T.
DUNCOMBE obtaMed leave to bring in a bill for the
better ventilation of mines, and for the protection and
preservation of the lives of persons employed in and
about the same.

IT is pretty certain that the House of Commons
will this day adopt the resolutions recommended by
the select committee on railways. These resolutions
will put it in the option of railway projectors to com-
ply with the wish, so unequivocally expressed in all
the great marts throughout the kingdom, and suspend
the progress of their bills for the session. And from
the part taken in the committee by the three railway
potentates who were upon it, there is good reasin to
hope that the railway world are alive to the expedi-
ency of complying with this wish.
The resolutions which go to make arrangements
for the suspension of the railway business of the ses-
sion were passed in committee sub alb.nlio ; from
which it may be inferred that Messrs. HUDSON, CHAP
LIN, and RUsSELL are agreed as to the propriety of
such a step. The remaining resolutions are only in-
tended, as the CHANCELLOR of the EXCHEQUER told
the house yesterday, to be binding for the present
session—they will be referred to the committee of
standing orders to consider whether they ought to be
made permanent. As Mr. HUDSON voted for all
the resolutions in committee, it is obvious that
the honourable member for Sunderland not only
approves of their principle, but of its immediate ap-
plication in practice. Mr. RUSSELL met each resolution
in succession with a sturdyno ; but in too far as we can
judge by the proceedings in the committee, this no
was not meant to negative the principle, but merely
to postpone its application till future sessions. Mr.
Charms concurred in Mr. RUSSELL'S opposition to
the immediate enforcement of two of the resolutions,
but gave his assent to all the rest, without reservation.
Under these circumstances, the course that the
railway business of the session will take seems obvi-
ous esough. All extensive or entirely new schemes
will be suspended; some small lines of intercom-
munication, deviations or amendments of lines already
in operation, or in the process of construction, will be
pieeed ; and the short lines and extensions which
are to be allowed to pass this session will be sub-
jected to temporary regulations, which it is intended
next session to make permanent and applicable
to all railways. These regulations contemplate
two objects. The first is, to check evasions of
the standing orders established with a view to as-
certain that the applicants for railway bills have given
a guarantee for the bona fides of their projects by
raising a certain amount of capital. The second is
to put a stop to the proceedings of a class of specula-
tors who obtain powers to construct railways they
never dream of making, in order to compel the great
companies to pay them for leave to use their powers.
I Nothing has contributed more to precipitate unduly
the extension of railway construction than specula-
tions of this kind. We believe that the adoption of
these resolutions, and the speedy acting upon them of
railway promoters, will go far to impart a healthier
and more steady tone to the money market.
The passing of the resolutions will have, however,
another aspect. It will be the first note of repara-
tion for winding up the business of the session. It
will present the present parliament in the attitude of
coverirg its face, like another C.aSAR, to fall with due
decorum at the base of the pedestal on which its suc-
cessor is to be placed. It will be a signal for com-
nencin,g purvaaning operations in good earnest.

IN so far u the British provinces in North America
are concerned, nearly all that can be done this year
to relieve Ireland by emigration has been done.
The emigrant who would reap a crop in these colo-
tiles during his first year must be on the ground by
the let of June. AU who arrive later must be able
to support themselves, or must besupported by others
till another crop can be garnered in—that is for
some fifteen months. Nothing can be gained now by
sending out any considerable number of emigrants
I till next spring. A year has been lost.
The best way of repenting for this waste of irre- ,
covetable time is to guard against its repetition. I
Measures may be adopted immediately for com-
mencing a system of emigration to our North American
colonies at the earliest opening of next season. Nay,
pioneer operations may be commenced in the colonies
during the fall of the present. We are not disposed
to be virtuously indignant at the hesitation and un-
preparedness which has allowed a year to slip through
our fingers. The want of practical and practicable
views which characterises every project brought for-
ward since emigration has been talked of as one of
the means for improving the social condition of Ire-
land affords strong presumption that by adopting
none of them ministers have escaped being instru-
mental in causing much misery.
The first preliminary for future operations is to
determine what class of persons are to be encouraged
or assisted to emigrate—for on this head it ift
the greatest errors prevail. Even among the Irish
gentlemen who are the most zealous promoters of
some emigration scheme or other we hear frequent
complaints that the small capitalists are emigrating.
These gentlemen would have none emigrate who
possess any capital to guarantee their ability to
pay rent, or who have the ability to make themselves
more useful than the average of labourers. Now it
is only these classes who can emigrate with any pro.
spect of success.
Sir W. M. G. COLEBROOKE, governor of New
Brunswick, remarks with great justice : " While the
small farmer who emigrates rarely fails to succeed as a
settler, the labourer or the operative encounters difficul-
ties which he finds himself unable to subdue, and which
is precisely the consequence of his engaging, without
preparation or training, in the moat arduous of all enter-
prises, in which habits of self-dependence, powers al
endurance, and practical acquaintance with the as
adapted to his situation, are indispensable. Even
with these it is necessary that he should pulses the
means of supporting himself during the struggle
inseparable from a life in the wilderness." The mere
labourer, who has been all his life accustomed to do
no more than perform a prescribed task and receive
his wages, is quite as unsuited to make an emigrant
of as the book-worm who dreams of be-
coming a ROBINSON CRUSOE. The best emi-
grants are those who have been in the habit of
combining head work with hand work ; who
aro robust and active, but withal shifty and inven-
tive. Of these ought the bulk of every associated
body of emigrants to be composed. A considerable
number of this class, witk a few wealthier (not
large) capitalists among them, are the best nucleus
fur a new settlement. A limited number of mere
labourers may be taken out along with them, and