The Express.
London, England, 1847-03-24 00:00:00

ELECTORAL HISTORY OF ENGLAND.

kiAVIOATION of the DUDDON mows
wiNronovoo awl 1•011=111 MOIR= RAILWAY._
~....... st se Iwo bear Ity derter to attend et
Wire 004 es Derardep Isse. kr the peeper 0 tomb* a
dipalliell at lbe A4wl d 1111061% 1110 IMO rat Is awl le to.
nor hp glib the essepteposel le sew the eda= army.
. sitypsdlio. Is oblekireemstmesse etthe reithals st leragbere
lo km errata Theta were Irmo ilo *pion atm melee, are-
mr. Re. Fell, director eM shim= ; Nr. Ikkhosese, sussed
WO, Roy, 14.
Obi
art elfar or kers. It swiss kik sirs
a oreelm ilin Os rhellekle et hoseskies lo Sky Lei el re
• 'deo" kr pekilke to the writhes at eM Males ter whirl
pe Ask en inseell to Auger kr), a Warm Ins Isesriell le the
sit a' poillswel. le Os ~re skit :
•AY lellkellik lei as add newsy seen Mai the Deers
• frer=lgo 10==sabruehed sulersurre sh
=
aim.
Altrietreff, le rile& Mks lbo Mei et the lesetlary
• dse sppearet; sad le a selells sail pro=st
. gm •gm DOW the ere sempeep kelt
Wagerdoeelldap. • • • AM le It mask Ore the
amps, shell aspiscorretko sag men to ma ails Or mkt
otoser. bilk slew isillelsw Or odd eresste. soak to en\ sr is-
kat se the mellOsetrlelker.Mer wlll4l mak Orkin' rtes
lawaseyd lie a, tree kr _eye. el the
• Reeks Worry hstriret firipare • sal the rider erasion
le *rem lila lo seat ke ewers of th" empeny.c
Moe, krerke eased WM WI Mind mean ay which eM
ere? MileSigenid• n• hem elekelles et to. dew and the
Ike et Ishalkke" to Iwo Ili emus seispedra. were ably
odepaarl Ity J. Ilket Off, J. Pelltslbrdle, Esq., the korarbeet
et
lreights• (Or. eles), mei ether prearec. A dietitian lest
omen a reek by Or diperder, that 6.• fixed bridge NW •
mon cor Onnetridge: WWII waneet the embankment, sot that amel
ii„.-mje he lint by railway tar Whitettaven at 10. per tan per
mile," the iii was trisorei by a largo majority. N Itet alter"
wowed, no are likely to tenon this doeloier or the ..Mail Me him
eat yet tram&

ETENT WATCHES dz
t, CLOCKS.—XLDENT,
by Repel appoireate Watch and Gladioli lo Omen
prissy dl. H.LII. the Rooms of Heim
wile Pi the pie am an d Ids midi goat of
Teams aim. Mg olio welt mesetit
gime ; Mai id midi eight
omis NM, Mr, immielime h shillsed to bhp three
omit mai Wei lie 16.11, 1542.-112. lOW ; 33,
03013041.16/1 wig lOW* WIMP. DRISTS print Weide.
Mg% kff kkMWIO4 tree tree le *lade a ascend, hy obsersins
lie Mere deal= elf Owe sow Ile arriilia. Pries N. IL oath.
KEATING'S COUGH LOZENGES, Certain
le disorders of thegemery aim 111 AIL
malty of hi ro•aneree7 of In inerket ~op-
ma (c( „ewe moo 1Mmast they ere of
army. oarselm Mir osei they have been
MOW kuueu k hi. Keettis «free from every
; Maros, lerollheq =fwatif M his et ire
Ho it Mai Him ete child; wrle the parr
me me peshimol simper it hi them invaluable tit allay.
timeme to lesillaned to vocal exertion, and
a preseful auxiliary la the production of melodious
il aid in herr, 13p1,. end tins, 9d., 41i. 6d., and
mianVie dm .by Thomas Keating. eihrslid. fro., St. Paul's-church-
yard, Loire.
ItECL,NT TTATHIONIAL
EIL-1 Mee her &Meted with a servo rash and shortness of
breath, (or nit, eight ram, and after Myra numerous remedies.
did not fir =reit any better. !purebred a till boa of KEATING'S
LOZENGES a you,from which I bad wet benefit. The second
boo, 2s. slas, oomplerly cured me, wed I con now breathe more
freely. and tun aa free from cough as ever I was hi my Ufe. Hoping
rat °the..., similarly afflicted, will avail themselves of w cerium and
safe a remedy.—l remain, Sir, your's faithfully.
Birkenhead, near Liverpool. Jan. 3, 1817. W 1111 AM Asexasos.
. To Mr. Gso. H. IloesLo, Chemist. 72, Dals.street, Liverpool.
THE ATHAPILATORY, sr Lkili 11) HAM
DYE; the only Dye that really answers fee al crown, and
dote not require re.domp, but as the hair grows, it sever Wen or
*squires that unsateral red or purple tint commas to all other DT
BOTANIC Wait and BEAR'S ORE_VIE.—When the Hale is he.
coming WM sal Wig of{ the only effectual remedy, borer ebaniny
the had, le theme et the two above-named ankles, applied Al ter-
=,;;.the bib Water to einem the roots from scurf and 4.8
tad the Sar% G reme ass nonneher. THE NEW 'MYTH.
PIM BROW. aimmiy olean•ng between the teeth srhen used op
sod down, sad poll Prom Um surface whoa used crossways. The bait
• warranted err to ems oat. The UNION end TRIPLE 11•11
MMUS. The DOCILE ANTI-PR/MERE NAIL OEII,OI. The
MEDIU% SHAVING 11113811. The RAILWAY STROP and
POWDER. The above new and elegem articles, in addition to err>
eetansive resetment of beautiful Perfumes, are the ante mandseture,
and Wrestler of Mawr. ROSS sad EONS, 119 and 120, blabsperat.

DZ. CULVXZWELLT OUIDIS Tai WIALTH AML, 1.4.Th1i
Prim la aanh, by poat,DRINK,ya ANDab,
LICE
WHAT TO EAT, AVOID.
( Dis‘labias all Omulikia.) I. HOW TO HE
HAPPY. " Jam& Thina."—a& H tbat nme-tanilo
*tour 11...neissa islalYeles an Wear ova OMAN by 0
a4.4.r4444
sMdirrnaguhiWeadlianwr t psi saps
Web. seill ar.
&mar len
ea;
ad awe ano Et serasoffaxl. Dy emorraoce of
t hisMe
ssil Sin sasmais wcastama of bypnaboadr -
11411W1. MrIONIMIM. MUM* sad laalsaidaa limy be cured la law than
ath.
abarrnad, Palselialar-raw ; Moen, 39, 0:y119111, 1141110, 5,
New Broadatreet: Olzmaio, 147, Weet-4Weet ; Ne4na, 457 Neat
street; or direct troy the Aatbor, 10, Argyll-plaor, Itegmot-otriyet.

LATEST INTELLIGENCE.
THIS DAY, Fear o' Clock.
In the House of Lords, yesterday, Lord BROUGHAM
presented a petition from the British holders of Spa-
nish bonds, complaining of the non-liquidation of their
claims. and for legislative interference in heir behalf.
The n,,ble and learned lord said the allegation con-
tained in the petition, that between seventy and
eighty millions of money were due principally to Bri-
tish sebjects on account of these bonds coup, he be-
lieved, strictly correct, the sums in question having
been advanced by way of loan to Spain, with
the object of enabling that power to resist
the aggressions of France, and by means
of which she had been enabled to free
herself from Gallic domination. The revenues of
Spain had doubled within a few years; and it was
her bounden duty to make such arrangements as
would satisfy her creditors as to her earnest desire to
discharge these liabilities; unless, indeed, which he
was very unwilling to believe, she had determined to
adopt the transatlantic principle of repudiation, a re-
solution which would be wholly inconsistent with
that spirit of Castilian honour which he trusted had
yet a home in Spain. The Earl of CLARENDON
having, by the courtesy of his noble and
learned friend, seen the petition, could say
that the statement of the petitioners was
perfectly correct. It was quite true that the re-
venues of Spain had doubled since the year 1836,
and if the attention of every succeeding minister had
not been distracted by foreign intrigue on the one
band, and domestic commotion on the other, Spain
would be, at the present moment, one of the richest
states in Europe. He was, however, bound to say
abe had never adopted the principle of repudiation ;1
she neither denied nor disputed the debt, but, on the 'I
contrary, he believed the circumstances under which
these loans were made were, and would be,
long remembered by the Spanish people with
feelings of the deepest gratitude. It must not, how-
ever, be lost sight of, that when the people of one
country lent money to another, without the sanction
of their own government, they did so on their own
responsibility, and it was too much to say, that any
government would be justified in incurring the risk
of a war, in tke prosecution of claims so originated.
The British government had never, however, hesi-
tated in bringing the subject under the notice of the
Spanish authorities, and Lord PALMERSTON was Roe
lending his assistance to the Spanish bond-
holders in the prosecution of their claims,
he hoped with some prospect of success. He
trusted that an expression of opinion upon
the part of their lordships, combined with the
representations of the government, would be success-
ful in obtaining a speedy and satisfactory adjustment.
In the House of Commons, Mr. Routi.Ev obtained
leave to bring in a bill for the better administration of
charitable trusts, for the benefit of her Majesty's Ro-
man Catholic subjects. On the motion of Lord
1.34ND0N, a select committee was appointed to inquire
into the existing state of the commercial relations of
England with China. Mr. C. O'BRIEN moved
for a select committee to inquire into the conduct
of Captain WYNNE, late as inspecting officer of
the Board of Works in the county of Clare, which,
after some discussion, the motion being modified at
the suggestion of Sir It. PEEL, was agreed to.
Mr. LABOLTHERE obtained leave to bring in a bill to
amend and continue the act of last session for the
treatment of poor persons afflicted with fever in
Ireland. Mr. M. PHILLIPS asked whether the per-
sons employed on the public works in Ireland would
be required to work on the fast day, or whether they
would receive pay without labour. He also wished
to know whether the working classes, following their
ordinary occupations in England, would subject them-
selves to any penalty, or be guilty of any infringement
of the law. Mr. LABOUCHERE replied, but only to
the first quatios, that there had been already a fast
day in Ireland, on which occasion the people had
been continued at work and paid as usual. He sup-
f?led • similar arrangement would now be made.
Mr. BRIGHT Awned, in reference to the proclama-
tion for the fast, on the presumption that it had been
issued in accordance with the opinion of that house,
that he entered kis protest against it, believing it to
be a useless ceremony, the remnant of a period that
had passed away, and not in accordance with the pre-
sent enlightened religious opinions of the people of
England. Sir G. GREY felt assured that the house
was not disposed to enter into a discussion on the
subject, aid, therefore, he would only state his own
impression, which was, that the fast which had been
ordered was in strict accordance with Scripture.
The house then went into committee on the Poor
Relief (Ireland) Bill, which occupied the house to its
rising at twelve o'clock, two divisions taking place in
favour of the government by considerable majorities.

LIEUTENANT WAOHORN.—A proprietor of India
Stock bas platted notice of the following motion on the books
of the company —" To all the attention of the court of
proprieto•e to the advantages conferred on India by the
exertions of Lieutenant Waghom, and to recommend him to
the favourable consideration of the board of directors."

This, lire Berke, is an English county in which the
ewes of increen: In population has not by any means equalled
the gen. nl retail stohibited by the aggregate returns for the
whole kingdom. Is 1601 the total number of inhabitants
returned lot the shire wee 107,444; in 1811, it was 117,460;
in 1821, it was 134.088; in 1831, it was 146,529 ; in 18111
was ouly 156,989, so that in forty years it Mil
increased but by 48,646 Or 47 per emit. ; being lees by
20 per ceet, than the increase cdpopulation within the mum
kerel, in Cambridgeshire. Buckinghamshire, if sot in in
own or (-nutty representation, yet in that of its puler
vandary boroughs, has been a theatre of constitutional
straggles of such infinite importance in their nature, and in
their results of such signal value to the true liberties of the
Maglish people, that It is pre-eminently entitled to nosiest in
en Bli.ctoral History of England."
We shall prewittly, therefore, state its bearings asSao-
chiefly as possible. But whilst thus recognising all its
ii•porialtoe, we enu,t devote a word to that 0011-
dltiOn of the parliamentary representation of Bucks,
which is sulficieut to counterpoise all the merit of
having once memorably vindicated the electoral rights
of the subject. It is at this moment little better
tt has been fur hall a century peat, a pocket county—an
appanage to the magnificent estate and honours of the
Dukt aof Buckingham. This ducal family still continues to
controul the electors of knights of the shire, in every way
that oontroul can be now exercised in, and to the fullest
extent to which the influence of property in such matters
might be pushed within the bounds of techlical
ludeed, so tar as the influence of personal character, and a
certain popularity of manner and deportment can corrobo-
rate and extend the inevitahle prestige which the pot-erosion
of hied', houses, and titles, like thole concentnited ia
the person of the present Duke of Buckingham std
Chlndos—that influence may be said to hate attainter
a point from which nothing but the constitution el
a large body of newly qualified voters has any
prinpect of detaching it. The case of Bucks, perhaps.
area more than that of Berke, calls for this spsciee dII;
Invention. Of course, like Berke, its representatives et
most eloetions have been Conservatives ; and when one of
these has succeeded to the peerage, or otherwise retired, his
place has been filled up by a Conon votive candidate. This
was so in the contested election of 1835, which returned the
Marquis of Chandos, 81r W. L. Young, Ban., mid Mr.
Osseo Earet *V illnith,,the only Whig for
didats, was oat In 1889, on the anseenian of the
Marquis of Chandos to the ducal title, he was replaced
by lir. Dupre, another conservative, who had no opponent
brought against him at the hunting'. At the election of
11140, the three candidates returned, atter a fierce opposition,
were all conservatives, namey.,(4, Sir W. L. Young, Bart., Mr.
Dupre, and C. K. Murray, . The two defeated ca..di-
dates, Dr. Lee, LL.D., and r. Vane were whip. In
1812, on the theme of Sir W. Young, But. the
Honourable W. Fitsouturice was returned in hie steed—
another conservative. In 1846, on Mr. If 'arm'? to.

tiring from the representation, the county replaced Lim by
Mr. Christopher Tow, another Conservatire. If it be d•—
sirable that other than ultra-Conservative opinions on all

subjects connetted with agricultural and commercial policy
and protection, should 111211 • voice among the representatives
for Bucks, some means must be organised for making
voters independent of all hostile influences which their op-
position to fetich opinions now provoke—suck as have nut yet
been brought into play. In the mean time, the Duke of
Buckingham's" influence," if it be not absolute in the county
elections, is almost übiquitous. How wit to be eocountered
when, even in such luge but decayed towns as Buckingham,
Great Marlow, Beaconsfield, no one dreams of erecting a
new house ? No one finds that in any of the eight hundreds
into which Bucks is divided, or their fifteen market-
towns or their one hundred and fifteen purieh a, any nu-
cleus at present exists which might be made a centre of
a newer and more popular influence at the next general
election. The county has no city in which, as we usually
find, there might exist the latent spirit of an independence,
which is absolutely overawed by landlord influence in less ex-
tensive societies. Even Aylesbury, the real capital—for
Buckingham town is a decaying place, with little beyond
its venerable years to boast of—is but a stronghold and cita-
del of the conservative force, diffused throughout the shire.
All the other towns seem slumbering in the mime contented
devotion to the reigning house,in the same moral or commercial
inactivity, which everywhere astonishes one in this " model
county," as; thibigotry of party spirit occasionally terms
it, With a degree of arrogant truth, in reference W is nand-
! tipted conservatism. ew buildinp, new investments
land, ore hardly heard of in any other but Wry connexions.
And when we remember, that, at the last contested election,
the " maximum " and " minimum" of the votes pone: by
the three candidates returned, were, respectively, 2,578 end
2,547, whilst of the two rejected whet candidates, the one
polled only 495, and the other 450, we dare not
indulge a hope that the county is yet ripe for
soy demonstration in favour of popular principles.
If we look even to the probable influences of contiguity, or
of its relative position to other counties, the prospect ut any
good example from Berke or Hots is not a very cheering
one. Buckinghamshire is bounded on the N. and N. W. by
part of Northamptonshire; on the W. by Oxfordshire, on
the S. by Wilts, and on the E. by Bedfordshiee Hera, and
Middlesex. Its greatest length, measured from a whit in
the neighbourhood of Olney on th' Thames to Stain,. is
about 41 met,. Its extreme breadth is 27 miles. Its ores is
738 square miles, or, taking the sum of the returns from the
&tiered parishes, 486,800 acres. Bucks is one of the mallet
Englishcounties, being only the 39th in relation to rum'
magnitude. It has some excellent land, besides tha highly
productive district called the Vale of Aylesbury, which has
been celebrated for its fertility from the oldest periods of
our history. What are called the " fat white " soils of this I
county are very productive. They mice some of the flirt I
wheat that are brought into our markets—Olney, Cheat
Marlow, Wycombe, and several others. The poor-rate levied
throughout the county on each of the five decennial
periods 1801 to 1841 inclusive was, respm tively,
86,1531.; 133.9441. • 107,4771.; 137,356 f. ; and 96,1031.
This is an extraordinary result. Supposing the per vent-
age of the rate equal in 1801 and 1841, then the amount
in the latter year, calculated on the greater popula-
tion, should have been 122,6611 , whereas it is lees by
27,5531., or about 25 per ceat. Until the passing of the
Reform Act, Bucks sent altogether 14 repreeentatives to
parliament, namely, two for the county, and two each for
the boroughs of Buckingham (town), Aylesbury. Chipping
Wycombe, Wendover, Great Marlow, and Agniondetham,
er Antershain. By the aboorpfon of Wendover end Aner-
sham ante the Cements Schedale A," Bucks lost four repre-
sentatives ; hut being its-If invested, under the samee bill,
with one additional member, its actual representation,
borough included, sustains at this day a diminution of three
members only. It returns eleven. The model county (as it
has become the fashion to term)it, owing to certain high-
eying pretensions of party on recent occur ins) view
to none, we believe, in the antiquity of its p erliementary
representation. If it may justly take rank with Nlidllesex
itself in point of the renown achieved by its own sons in
their useful resistance to, and final triumph ever, the mon-
strous assumptions and despotic bearing of a tyrannieal ma-
jority of the House of Commons, it must yet be stigmatised
with having afforded a memorable example of abject and
unconstitutional submission to one of the mos- reckless and
yet most timid of our prerogative-straining monarchs. The
great case of " Ashby v. White " geese, indeed, immediately
out of the return for the borough of Aylesbury.
The Me of Goodwin was that of the challenge of 1
a member elected by the county itself as one of I
its representatives, and it fell out thus . In 1604 I
(2nd James I.), Bucks having returned as a "knight of I
the Shire," a gentleman named Goodwin ; and u tition
having been presented on behalf of Forteecue, the defeated
candidate at such election, against this return, the House of
Commons determined in the usual form, the: Goodwin had
been duly elected. Hereupon the Lords desired a conference
with the Commons, at which the Commons Laying inti-
mated, in emphatic but constitutional terms, their surprise,
the Lords ascribed the circumstance of their interference to
the intimations they had received Preen the King. 'Then
the Commons addressed his Majesty, beseeching " that he
would be tender of their privileges." But Bacon's
paragon of princes" only the more ins:sted that,
if tecy would not hold a conference with the Lords,
they should confer with the judges. The Commons re-
plied that they were ever ready to meet the bents in con-
ference on any proper matters ; that is, on such as did
not touch their privilege. Finding afterwards that tie pro-
bable cause of the king's earnestness in the matt. r was, that
a wound had been inflicted on his inordinate vs. ty by their
virtual rejection of his advice, " that they sh 'old not allow
any outlaws among them ;" the Commons, attended by their
speaker, waited upon the king, and humbly represented
thst they had found upon inquiry that Goodwio's electi in
had been duly carried on, and that, by consequence,
Fortescue's was void; that the outlawries standing Minot
Goodwin had been obtained in respect only of civil debt ;
that Goodwin had rte unquestioned on that account in
several parliaments since such outlawry had been
first proclaimed; and that even the fact of such
sentence and proclamation was not, strictly, pleadable
against him by reason of certain informalities attaching to
the peewees and out in his case. But the " modern Sdn-
mow" angrily persisted in requiring a conference b. tween
the Commons and the judges, and a report from such con-
ference to his privy council. The Commons were wilting to
pass an act disqualifying any outlawed person, thereafter,
from sitting in their house, and as for the judges, they were
willing to refer with those hith personages—sot, however,
upon any proposition for reversing what the Commons had
ilik.eade done, but simply with the view of availing themselves
of the 'benefit of their leaning, and to satisfy the wish of the
king in this respect. But the king adhering obsti-
nately to his whim, the Commons at last appointed
a committee of their members to meet the judges, instruct-
ing such committee to insist only onthe further support and
illustration of the reasons al y reigned by the house ter
the course it had taken, but not to proceed to any other
argument or answer. The "wisest, brightest, meanest of
mankind," the great prons in this period of his brilliant
is stated to have poured out at the feet
but irregular career,
of his sovereign, abundant store of that unctuous flattery
which, in these days, thank heaven ! no English
.neliosh
8.411 ti
subject
would so far &eget himself as to ofler, and
u.ltthhaast
ebe.enn
fwaritho-
omuotnqarcuiteh wsuotaciuld per
snt reason,.emthinit. in so
the Commons did canes& on this odasioa, they went
at
tubeeyocrond.tte
sinestrbseocf
..angy.co.remil
ton...they,
.hdademe ydeiripm.tie
this conference, whether therl Howe of Commons
court contd. in
said to be • d eemed
sAtrticletnngtenhoflsampeakisensogivt prop" y
a difliefulmtyen, echiranich,dp.usathedtheatilimttele,
further, might, m
the
tamperbefore its time the ai.ty.
have precipitated half &century
eenthopearcking,
fortunes ..
tn ancltheparhaind
existence
wnhiceehowfas his
sacrificeruPre between
eon, byproposingui hy,
with characteristic cunning that neither
Goodwin nor Fortemscue should sit in the house. The
daTih.e.ssuf.ler-
'relent Commons resolved, " That a new
_seri"
&c.; and the " outlaw
.th.et
"bold"noty of Bounce_ks,.."
..
while
dressed a letter to Mr
Speaker declining to serve.
lege awe is entry made of a petition against the return