The Express.
London, England, 1853-10-11 00:00:00

RUSSIA AND TURKEY.

The English and French governments have re-
jected the Olmuts proposition. They will not have
the Vienna note retained, nor do they consider the
declaration offered by the Cur a guarantee against
its ahem. These views and resolutions have been
notified to the Cur, who received intelligence of
them at Berlin. The amount of concession which
they will counsel Turkey to make is that which
would remain in the Vienna note as modified by
Reschid Pacha. The Cur has also been informed
that while the Porte takes its stand upon the basis
of its lam offer, Erases and England will support it
if necessary by force! of arms.
A Cabinet Comml was held yesterday afternoon at
the Foreign-ollos, and lasted two hours and a helL
The =Waters present were the Earl of Aberdeen,
Lard John Russell, the Lord Chancellor, Earl Gran-
ville, Viscount Palmerston, the Earl of Clarendon,
Sir Charles 'Wood, Mr. Sidney Herbert, and Sir
William Molesworth. The ministers absent were the
Chancellor of the Exchequer, the Duke of Newman,
and Sir Jams Graham.
Our own =respondent writes :
CONSTANTINOPLE, Sur. St.
In my lest letter I noticed the increased activity
of the ambassadors, consequent upon the receipt of
the despatches announcing and explaining the ,k's
rejection of the modified note. Since that date not a
day his passed without the mumbling of a fall coun-
cil of ministers, whin the grand council has been
twice convoked, and is to meet again this day. The
proosediogs at thus reunions have been of the gravest
character. Every one is seen to feel the seriousness
of the situation, yet no one appears to shrink from
war. Oa the 23rd the ministers met in council, and
having reconsidered their former determination not
to accept the Vienna note without the necessary
amendments, rejected by the Cur, confirmed it in
the most formal manner. The next step taken was
to convoke a general council, or assembly of the chief
public servants of the state, in office or retired. The
object of this proceeding was less to ask advice
than to ormunanicate the resolutiou of the
morning, and so mollify the rising sentiments
of the people, which were adverse to the
supposed temporising policy of the ministry.
Accordingly the Palma Ulsmea, and civil functiona-
ries were summoned to a meeting to be held in the
evening. Baron Brook, the Austrian internuncio,
saw at once how fatal such a proceeding would be to
his hopes of a transaction, and had on the preceding
day tried every means to avert the convooation of the
council now, however, all he could do was to make
the most of his influence with some of the members
of the Divan. Here, however, the memory of the
Leiningen mission, and of Austrian interference in
Montenegro, rose up against him, and no one of the
least influence listened to his suggestion!. The ap-
pointed meeting of the sovereigns of Russia and Au
tna, which he held out as a new pledge of peace,
was regarded as a sign that the time for decided ac-
tion was come. Accordingly the meeting was held,
and the ministerial resolutions of the morning were
unaniniousl a red. It was, however, thought
that more should be done, and done at once. An the
ministers were quite alive to this necessity, they
prolong to devise some measure of immediate ac-
tion, and again to convoke the Grand Council on the
23th.

On the atoning of the 24th, the French, Austrian,
and Prussian ambassadors met, and rubsequeetly
waited on Iteshid Factha. Immediately aftersee‘
a ministerial council was held, and the Sultan was
present. Here the ministers reported their resolu-
tions of the preceding day, and the approval which
they had elicited at night. The Sultan then inquired
whether they sincerely believed that so oases was
left to him but to repeat his :eclectics cd the Vienna
note? All the saintatere declared that snob war

their belief, the Grand Vizier and lieschid Pacha i
being the last to express their views. When the
Sultan heard tho most moderate and pacific of his
advisers pronounce this opinion, he said, "It is
enough, I place myself in your hands."
On the following day, the 25th, the Grand Council
assembled according to appointment, and the final
rejection of the Vienna note by the Sultan having
been reported, it became a practical question what
' was next to be done. The deliberations were pro-
tracted to a late hour, and then adjourned without a
resolution having been taken. It is, however, well
ascertained that war was recognised as inevitable.
The council is to meet again this evening, when it is
expected that a definitive recommendation to the
Sultan will be adopted.
While such have been the deliberations of the
Porte, its administrative department* have not re-

are almost

lazed their activity. Reintorceum,..—
daily sent off to the army of the Danube, steamers
are sent to Syria for more troops, and munitions and
ordnance are sent to the forces in Asia Minor. With
a view to meet the great expense which the support
of so many non-productive belligerents entails, the
Minister of Finance has considered it prudent to
recommend an issue of paper money, in orders
test to press too much on the remits in the
treesery. I believe, however, that the emote&
and Mode of this emission are not yet fixed.
The equivocal position of Persia is the subject of
emu uneuiness here. The Journal of Constantinople
ant long since took complacent notice of the concen-
tration of troops iu Persia, and their direction to the
Turkish frontier, u if it were certain that they were
destined to lend their aid to the Porte. I should be
glad to learn that the Ottoman government could
rely on the support, or at least the neutrality et
Persia ; but, considering the secular antipathy of the
two nations, it will be no wonder if the Shah is
seduced by Russian arts into hostility to Turkey.
The recent Persian mission to St. Petersburg and its
objects are enveloped in much mystery ; but we
know that the envoy received decorations from the
Cur, and similar distinctions have been accorded to
the other members of the embassy. The Shah is
himself a mere puppet in the hands of
venal and unscrupulous ministers, and the
power of Russian gold will doubtless be
proved should the situation require a military
diversion on the Persian side of the Turkish frontier.
Happily the Ottoman government has means in its
hands of weakening the external power of Persia.
The Usbecks, a warlike race, descended from the
great original Turkish nation, which occupied the
modern Turkestan, have their seat on the Persian
frontier, and have often proved by warlike deeds
that they cherish their relationship to the Osmanli@
of Turkey, and are ready to help them according to
their means in the hour of need. Asia will find
work for more Russian forces than the Czar can
spare, should the Porte and Russia come to serious
fighting ; and, with the Kurds on one side, and the
Usbecks on the other, there is little doubt that Persia
may be held to reason.

The recent visit of Sir Henry Ward to Candies was
recorded a few days ago in the Ezpreu. It is
now states from Paris that that voyage was connected
with arrangements having reference to possible mili-
tary operations to be carried on by France and Eng-
land in aid of the Porte. In the event of its being
necessary to despatch troops, the intention is to form
a depot in the island of Candia, which will be the
head quarters of both the French and English troops,
and to which stores and ammunition will be directed.
From this point aid can be rendered to Turkey either
on the Bulgarian or Anatolian coast, 'wording as
war may break out on the Danube or in Asia Minor.
The Turkish government has resolved upon increas-
ing the army in Asia, mid it is thought by many
that hostilities will commence there. The Turkish
forces in Asia are stationed along the line stretching
from Erseroum to Batum. This army is, however,
chiefly composed of irregular soldiers, and at present
does not exceed 40,000 men. Measures are being
taken for its immediate increase, and on the offensive
being taken by Turkey an endeavour will be made
to carry the seat of war as near to the Caucasus as
possible, a
.junction with the Circassians being natu-
rally considered very desirable.
The Vou Gazette of Berlin, under date of Vienna,
6th, says :—" Lord Westmoreland, on his return from
Olmutz, announced that the Emperor Nicholas
would make no further concessions on the subject
of the Turkish question. It is said that despatches
have been received from M. de Bruck to the same
effect as regards the Turkish ministry."
Several Wallachian and Moldavian families have
arrived at Berlin, not being willing to await in their
own country the course of events.
A letter from Jassy, of Sept. 28, in the Wan-
derer, says :—" Classes of the population which, up
to the present time, have under most critical circum-
stances continued to believe that pesos would not be
troubled, now begin to fear that their hopes will be
deceived. Three days since 1,000 Russians arrived
here with two batteries. They are, it is said, the
advanced guard of Leder'. army. If this goes on,
the Danubian Principalities will soon be overran
with Russian troops; and it cannot be doubted that
the promos of this mates of armed force will exercise
a sensible Whence upon the administration of the
country.a The ' • manifesto of Prince (forte-
oh will fall into oblivion, and the Russian gene-
rals will everywhere seek to substitute their autho-
rity for that of the indigenous public functionaries.
The country will very soon be governed by Rusk."
A letter from Vienna of the dth, in the Post dent
Gazette, says :
It is beyond a doubt that the betsrvisw of the three
Sovereigns at Warsaw led tri 'Welt Ms pot as sod to the
complications with Twin. and to emselidste the pease of
lamps. It is set however, that the three Mo-
narchs may cam se sum a tandermading sespeming the
mem of guarsateeing the puss of amps lareelter, with-
out, however, for lid purpose formfmg ellimeive sad
delmedve anima. The news is belegesaihmed that in
the essibsessee d Obemin the Sewn: MOM* has made
iseessisse whisk deems a great Moire ter esuelliados.
The View Degel of the sth inst. has the fol.
Lewin :
The-Divan of CsonleMbegle impend of 121 mem-
bete. All wore main% en iM nth, wins the assembly re-
solved to advise the Sultan to raise the elendard it the
Prophet. The deliberation mere keg. end*, meintien
was adopted by a easjority of US miss. I'M Wm, or
State Chassray, ossayeims the superior sad inferior film-
*binaries, to whom the Turkish mats of Qtialemiie (of the
pea) is applied. Those basotienarise are divided into See
estrgenes. The Ant are caned Mirka. The Divan is In-
the ministry andstabs Council of the Empire,
trl4l.lge d
oluticen only booms important when they are
senetioned by the Cabinet and the Imperial Coma