The Express.
London, England, 1853-02-21 00:00:00

SWITVRLAND.

The Vienna Gasetteof the 15th contains an article
on the Milan outbreak, in which Switzerland, and in
a lower degree Piedmont, are made responsible to
Austria for that event.
A letter from Vienna of the same date states that
the Austrian government has addressed a very ener-
getic note to the Swiss government, on the subject of
the late insurrectionary movement. The Austrian
government, it is said, demands satisfaction, and
reserves to itself the intention of enforcing it if
nocesmuy.
The same letter states that the Austrian govern-
ment has addressed an energetic note to the English
government, complaining that Mazzini and Kossuth
are allowed to get up conspiracies in London, and
in
publish proclamations the English journals of a
nature to provoke insurrections. We cannot gua-
rantee these statements.

The New Zurich Gamete contains the following :
Two Italian agents, Luigi Clement*, of Treat, and C.
asso's, of Breeds, provided with Piedmonts'. passports,
legalised by the Swum Consul at Genoa, who time to Pea-
chtavo towards the close of December, delivered arms and
military effects to carmen, during the night of the 6th inst.,
to be conveyed to the Valteline. The authorities of Ne-
eds'', having promptly interfered, prevented their depar-
ture. It is not known where those arms came boo. Cie-
menus, at whose house a proclamation of Maulni is said to
have been found, is sow is prison at Coin. Casola is
shortly expected. Clemente states, that it was a mere com-
mercial speculation, and Castile, declares that he was in no-
wise interested in it. According to the 104th article of the
Federal compact, this is en ot<aee against the laws of
nations, which must be tried by the Court of Amiss'

ITALY.
PIEDMONT.

The Piedmontese Gazette of the 15th instant an-
nounces the departure of M. Massimo d'Azeglio, the
late Sardinian premier, for London, wherein is to
spend two mouths on a leave of &been°e he had ob-
tained from the Chamber.

The Turin journals mention the names of 12 or 15
of the most distinguished members of the emigration
who have been ordered to quit the country.
At Turin the nomination of ,seven new senators is
regarded as certain. The names mentioned are those
of the minister La Marmora, Generals Rossi and
Durando, the deputies Cavallini and Benso, and,
according to some, MM. Caasti and Rename°. M.
Cavour's government needs strength in the Upper
House.

AUSTRIAN ITALY. •
The rage of Radetsky and his muter is hurrying
them on to acts u insane u they are atrocious. To
the red proclamations, of which every day,has brought
its quota, we hays now to add the following, from the
Milan Gazette :
The last events and the pending investigation having
convinced me that the inhabitants of the Lombardo-Vene-
tian kingdom allowed themselves, with few honourable ex-
ceptions, to be frightened by the infamous party of subver-
sion, instead of siding frankly and openly with the imperial
government, I feel obliged, conformably to my proclamation
of the 19th June, 1851, to warn the population of said
kingdom that I will cau-e all the persons implicated in at-
tempts directed against the government of ;has Majesty the
Emperor to be treated with :he utmost severity of the laws,
and the extreme rigour it is in my power to exercise. I
especially inform them that I have ordered all the judiciary
authorities to sequester, en :he first legal indication, the
property of those who should directly or indirectly become
the accomplices erects of high treason, even were that com-
plicity merely to result from the omission to disclose trea-
sonable plots, which everybody is bound to denounce, for
the purpose of compensating the public treasury for the ex-
traordinary expenses occasioned by those continual sub-
versive attempts.

The Imprial and Royal Civil and Military Governor of
the Lombardo-Venetian Kingdom.
Marshal Count RADITILT.
Verona, February 11, 1853.
Hitherto the Croat has pretended the fiction that
the disaffected in Italy are the few, trouble= of the
peace of Austria's many devoted subjects. Now the
figment can no longer do service, it is the "few ezcep-

Lions" who stand " frankly and openly by the im-
perial government." The most powerful, the best
drilled, the most petted army by which Austria has
ever held Italy, is either too weak to assure the in-
habitants of the Lombardo-Venetian kingdom, as is
here asserted, or those inhabitants have preferred the
cause of their noble country to that of the Emperor
who rules them from Vienna. And to decide the
wavering, recover the lapsed, and confirm all in a
sense of the blessings of Austrian rule, it is now
announced that whoever will not merely observe the
laws, but become a spy and an informer in the cause
of the Hapsburgs, shall be liable to confiststiou by
courts-martial, the judiciary authority of the text.
From the Po to the Tyrol, from Como to Venice,
II whoever hates not father and mother, sister and
brother, for the Emperor of Austria's sake, is the
lawful prey of imperial rapacity. Francis Joseph
abdicates the functions of government in Italy, and
prefers a military occupation of the territory.
After the proclamation just given, ali others must
necessarily be somewhat pale. However, we learn
from Lugano that General Singer issued, on the
13th, a notification, stating that, on the 11th, sedi-
tious proclamations had been distributed at Como,
and informing the inhabitants that Marshal Itadetzky
had published a proclamation puni.hing with death
the hawkers of such proclamations, and with five
years' imprisonment those who should not denounce
them to the authoritie..

Count Giulay has thought it prudent to prevent
the congregation of large numbers of Italian youth,
and therefore prolongs indefinitely the vacation of
the University of Pavia. All students are held
bound to return to their families.

On the 12th, the Director of the Police enjoined
the innkeepers and owners of coffeehouses and other
places of refreshment at Milan to close their esta-
blishments before 10 o'clock p m., under the severest
penalties.
According to accounts of the 15th from Milan,
there was still great difficulty in obtaining access to
or from the city. Baron Martini, Military Com-
mandant, had threatened to punish severely any per-
son raising cries, singing, or whistling in the streets.
Two persons had been condemned and hanged—one
for having taken up arms against the solders at the
Toss-gate, the other for having two muskets in his
shop, and having been seen with the insurgents in
the Rue Bottor.uto.

TURKEY AND MONTENEGRO.

RENEWED HOSTILITIES.

The telegraph brings word that Osier Pacha has
set his troops in motion to invade the remaining 'milks
of Montenegro. No particulars are given, nor is it
known that any conflict has actually taken place.
Letters from Zara of the 10th inform us that the
Turks had crossed the Zeta, and appeared disposed
to press forward into the nahia of Nieschanska; the
next poet will therefore probably bring news
of an engagement. Very little importance was
attached at Vienna to the resumption of hostilities
in the mountain, and the Bourse remained firm. This
was to be expected. The European interest in the
Montenegrin strife depends chiefly on the relations
which the great powers assume to it, and only in a
minor degree upon the shifting fortunes of the war.
It was known that Omer Pacha would again resort
to the sword if the answers of the mountaineers to
his appeal were unsatisfactory. Great misconception,
however, has prevailed, in consequence of some cor-
respondents having connected the movements of the
Turkish commander with the negotiations of
Count Leiningen at Constantinople, making his
quiescence a sign of returning friendship between
Turkey and Austria, and his resumed activity a
symptom of confirmed estrangement. It is forgotten
that it takes longer to send news from Montenegro
to Constantinople than from the same place to London.
The war which Omer Pacha interrupted for a specific
purpose, he resumes now that it is fulfilled. What-
ever arrangement may, be made at Constantinople
he will hear of in due time, as he will also
of the French mediation in the same busi-
ness; meanwhile the war goes on. So much
by way of rectification was necessary, as the
renewal of hostilities was put forward on Saturday
by a contemporary in an alarmist spirit, and under a
total misconception of the facts. The statement of a
"serious collision between Austria and Turkey,"
which was published with it, was founded on a
dateless, unlocalised, and unauthenticated paragraph
in a German paper all but unknown in connexion
with foreign politica, and may safely be discredited.
The Oest. Deutsche Post undertakes to report the
proceedings of Count Leiningen' special commissioner
of Austria, at Constantinople. The count arrived at
the Ottoman capital on the 29th ult., and on the 3rd
instant was received both by the Sultan and the
Minister for Foreign Affairs. The reply of the
Sultan, it is said, was negative; other accounts say
evasive. The Oest. Deutsche Post says :—" The
French and English Legations have already inter-
fered in these diplomatic negotiations, and that in
favour of the Porte." It is probable that to this in-
terference is doe the finnan yust published in Bosnia,
giving Christians equal civil rights with Turks ; the
ameliorations in the condition of the rayahs, which
special commissioners have been appointed to carry

sit I and lastly, the amnesty which, according to the
Lloyd, has within this fortnight attracted beck
three-fourths of the Bosnian. who had emigrated to
the Austrian territory. The Porte would seem to
have resolved to remove all just ground of complaint
from the Austrian government as protector of the
Turkish Christians, and having done so may safely
resist the clamours of its neighbour for slices of ter-
Cassell Gazette publishes the following:—" A
journal has announced that the governments of
Frame and England have demanded from that of
Austria explanations relative to the armaments and
measures against Turkey. This news is devoid of all
foundation. The Austrian government has spon-
taneously given explanations to the two Cabinets of
the Tuileries and of London."
The "journal" with which this paragraph origi-
nated is no other than the Cassell Gazette itself.
The Frankfort correspondent of the Gazette, who
makes the rectification on the 13th, made the state-
ment now " rectified" on the 10th, and there is good
reason to believe that his earlier assertion is sub-
stantially correct.

MAZZINI'S PROCLAMATION.