The Express.
London, England, 1849-01-12 00:00:00

IMPERIAL AVERAGED.

Miami biastoy.) Oats. Rye. &mad Feu.
Des. 10. $024 Od 194 lld 31. 2dides 2d140. Id
4114 9d ils 19. 342264 k'334 74:.104 94
16 ... 47. WM. 44 1116 114194 &I'M* 3d 394 3d
23 47. 114'314 4d 1111 4d 294 16 334 7d 364 Ir
30 10d 31e Jd Ills 00 28. 14.43. 11014 91
Jan. 6 ... 41.1 1041304 94117. 0320. 44.324 4d 37e 9d
6 ireib' Aug. Aver. 47. 9,11114 4:1'1114 7428. 104:44. WM. 3d
Dvm—Wheat, 104. ; Barley, 24.; Osts, Is. 6d; aye, Bees., sad
Ps" Si.

BAienuev, Jan. 11.-This market is very flat for all kinds
of grain to-day ; good dry Wheats maintain previous prices,
but other articles of the trade have a downward tendency,
with very little disposition en the part of buyen to "unitise.
She following are the prior: Wheat, ss. to 6s per bushel.
Barley, 245. to 28s. per qt. Oats, 17s. to 265. Beans, 4s. to
to Si. 44. per babel.
Bterantonsx, Jan. 11.-During the present week, only
lim ted transactions are reported. Wheat has realised pre-
vious prices. Lower rates have not been suornitted to for
any kind of Barley. Oats unaltered, with little doing.
Beans rather lower. Peas nearly unsaleable, and offering at
very low prices. At this day's market there was a fair sup-
ply of Wheat, which sold slowly at the currency of this day
day se'nnigin. Barley of all kinds unaltered in value. On
Oats the turn was in favour of the buyer. Beans, Is., and
Peas, 2s. per qr. ehesper. The =Olen have lowered
the retail price of Flour Is. Bd. per sack. The fol.owine
are the priors : Wheat, English, white, per bushel of
621b5., 6e. Od. to 6e. 10d. ; new, 61. 2d. to 61. 8d . ; red,
6s. 4d. to 6s. 8d ; new,ss. Bd. to 6s. 6d. ; foreign.
red, be (td.
to 6s. 10d.; white, 6s. to 7s. 64. ; Polish, Odessa, Be. 64. to
to 6s. 10d ; Danube, ss. 6d. to Le. 10d. Barley, per imperial
quarter, 30s. to 33e. Bd. ; grinding, per 3921 he.;
23/.. Si. to 28g. Oats, English. white, per imperial
r., 18e. 6d. to 30s. ; Weigh, -black and white, per 3121 b.,
19s. to 21s. Od. ,• Irish (401 b. to 421 b.), 19..6d. to 265.0.1.;
1371 b. to 391 b.), 19s. to Od. 20s. 6d.; black, 18s.' to 19s. Od.
Beans, Engliah,perl96lb., old, 16s. to 17$. 6d.; new, 111.0 d.

MAIDSTONE, Jan. ll.—We had to-day a fsir trade for dry
Wheat, at the ;vices of Lot week—E6y, for red, 425. to 475.;
white, 46a. to 60e. • oth• r sorts, 345. to 40i. ; but such are very
unsaleable. Melting and grinding diluter is cheaper Is. to
2s. The ease in Beans and Peer, the demand for which is
very slow ; and for Oats thew appears no inquiry, almost as
if they were sleeks'.

MANNINOTani, Jan. 11.-Our market was rather more
steady today for Wheat Oast week's prices were maintained
for good dry qualities. Fine malting Barley wee Is. per qr.
lower ; inferior, 2s. to 3s. Beans and Peas are again Is. per
quarter lower.
Manx= ltasex, Jan. 9.-Our market today was well
attended, and pricer in the Wheat trade were scarcely lower
than last week. Barley about Is. cheaper, and Oats 6d. per
qr. on the decline. Beans and Peas stationary.
MILTON MOWBRAY, Jan. 9 -We have had a good sup-
ply of all kinds of grain offering at this market, at fell le.
per qr. lower than last week. Wheat, old. 47.. to 49a.;
saw, 4•55. to 475. Barley, 27.. ro 294. Oats, ail, 265. to 285.;
new, 18e. to 234. Beane, old, 425. to 465. per qr.
NEWHUHT, Jan. 11.-The quantity of Wheat on offer
this day was c dieiderable, which met a steady sale, at about
the prices of lest week. The supply of Berley was large,
and a great proportion could net be di-posed or, though o 4
fend at a decline of from Is. to 2.. per qr. Oats, Beans, and
Peas remain the same.
PLYMOUTH, Jan. 11.-The Corn trade continues dull.
Supplies from farmers are small, but millers end bakers buy
only for immediate use, and are likely to keep bare until
other markets assume more firmness. Prices unaltered.
ROMBRY, Jan. 11.-There was a scanty attendance at our
market this day, end the trade for every description of
grain was in a eluggi.h state ; indeed, so little business was
dune that we cater.ot quote any change :rom last week's
price..
Rovierose, Jan. 10.-Wheat withcut alteration in price.
Barley fully Is. she epee ; kale f re, at the reduction. Wheat,
245. to 325. per load. Barley, 26.. to 345. per qr. Oats, 17e.
to 25..
Erockrox•oze•Tess, Jan. 10.-The arrivals of grain
coastwise during the past week hays bin large. This
morning we had a very lib. ral supply of Wheat from the
growers, for which there was a good &mond, at a decline of
le. per qr. on last weenie rates. Barley dull sale. Oats
In demand, at full prices. Beans almost unsale-
able, although off.ired le. to 2s. per quarter lower.
British: Wheat, per qr. of 631 b. to the bushel, Durham
and Yorkshire, red, 40; to 605.; white, 60e. to 645. ;
south country, red, 495. to .505.; white, 60s. to bls. ; old
red, 60s. to 63a. Oats, feed, per qr., 16s. to 22..; potato, 24e.
to 265. Beane, new, 325. to 36e.; old, 365. to 48s. Flour per
sack of 280114., fine, 36e. to 375. ; superfine, 395. to
40e. Oatmeal, per sick of 2801 he., Scotch, 31e. to 33e.
per qr. Foreign ; Wheat, per qr. of 6316.. to the bushel,
Restock, Wismar, and Stralsund, 61.. to 63a. Hamburg
and Stettin, bus. to 62e. ; Holstein and Danish, Ms. to 625.
' Oats Dutch and Frieslad, 20e. to 22a. Peas, boiling,
345. to 365. Clovereceue' red, in bond, per cwt., 265. to
341. ; white, 30e. to 36.. Imports during the week : Wheat,
coastwise, 1,949 gee. ; Oats, 161; Rye, 60 ; Peas, 67.
Uxnalnoz, Jan. 11.-With a email market, and Wheat
in worse condition than last week, prices were about the
same as then quoted. The average this week is 475. per qr.
Barley is a heavy sale, at a reduction of la. to 2s. per qr., in
both malting and g. hiding samples. Opts in slow demand.
Beans in short supply. Peas, Whit', for planting er
make from 6s. to Be. per bushel.
WOaKINOTON, Jan. 10.-We had a very poor market
here to-, ay ; prices on the decline. Wheat, 194. to 225., as-
cur, ing to quality. Barley, 11.. Oats, 7s. to 7s. 9d. per
3 imp. bushels.
WATZILYOILD. Jan. 10 -With but moderate arrivals from
abroad, and very rmall supplies of farmers' grain sines
Saturday last, all articles iu the trade are in improved de-
mand, at the full currency of that day.
EDINIM:nag, Jan. 10.-There was again a abort supply of
Scotch Wheat from the farmers at market this morning;
the trade ruled firmer than of late, and a ready sale was ex-
perienced a; tally, and in some cases Is. per qr. above, last
week's quotations. The demand for free foreign continues
limited, and without alteratien in value ; but bonded, during
the past week, has ben in lively request, at an improvement
of Is. per qr. The large arrivals of foreign interfere with
the sale of Barley, which to-day was again dull and rather
cheaper. There was a better sale for the small supply of
Oats, but no improvement could be established. Beans and
Peas maintain former prices. Wheat, top, 545.; average,
46.. 84. Berle top,
y 32.. • average. 27e. &I. Oster, top, '231. ;
average, 194. 3d., Beaus, sup, 31.. ; average, 28a.
CiLasoow, Jan. 10 -Since the 3rd instant 4000 qrs.
Barley, 2 800 Oats, 860 qrs. Wheat, and 770 sacks Flour
have been reported coastwise at Grangemouth; and in the
Clyde about 6000 qrs Oats and 1,700 loads Oatmeal have
arrived from Ireland, together en- h 1,380 barrels Font and
1,970 qn. Indian Corn from New York. The frost has dis-
appeared, and the weather is again wet. During the put
week the transactions in all free grain, Flour, and
Meal have been of a retail character, at prices
rather in favour of the buyers. Bonded Wheat, on the con-
trary, has been in request ; but the small quantity here has
caused business to be limbed. At our market this morning
there was a thin attendance ; and buyers still acting on the
reserve, onl very limited sales .3 none fre e Wheat or Flour
could be effected, although sellers offered to take rather
lover prices. Flue Oats were held at late rata ;
but secondary qualities were 31. to 6d. per boll
cheaper. Barley was again 6d. to le. lower. Flour and Oat-
meal, Beano' sad Peas were each rather easier to purchue.
The present prices:-Wheat, per 2401b.,English, white
old, 261.64. so 26,.; new, 23e 04. to 245.: ed. old, 245. 63. to
264.03.; new. 21s. to 23..; Scotch, white, old, 26e. Od. to 26e. Od.
Irish, red and white, new,2le, to 211 ; Dantsic,old, 266.6d.t0
26.0d.' Pomeranian,24s3u26e6d.; Danish,23..od. to 241.0 d.;
Odeess, soft, 22'. to 235. Od ; Canadian, 23..6d. to 24e. Od.;
United Stater, 23e. 6d. to 24a Od. Barley, per 3201b5., Ber-
wick and Scotch, new, 20. 63. to 21s. OJ.; hub, new,
18s. 04. to 19s. ; foreign. free Pomeranian, fin., old, 20..
to '2ls. 04.• 19.. to 20. W. Oats, per 2611 be.,
Iris'i, Wexliird, he , new, 16.. 3d. to 16.. W. ; Limerick,
&c., new, lbs. 61. ro 17s. ; extra, prepared, old, 17e. 3d.;
foreign, Rue., old, 15. to lie 63. Denirb, old, 16s. to lbs. 6d.
Beans, foreign, per 4 imp. bush. old, lbs. 6d. to 16s. • new,
14e. to 15. ; Irish, 2601 b , old, 16." 6d. to 16.. ; new, lbs: 6d. to
1624 Egt ptian, per 28011i5., old, 17s. to 175:61. Peas, 280115.,
white, old, 17s. to 17.. 61. ; r,
1
per 2801ba., English,
firi. to 17s. •,
dean, old, old, 16e. 64 to 17e. Flouyr,
superfine, ohl, 39*. to 405.; inch ditto, 38.. to 395.; fine,
old, 36e. to 375.; extra choice qualities, 40a. to 415.; Ame-
rican, per barrel, sweet, old, 274. to 275. 6d.; Canadian,
sweet, 27.. to 275. 6d. ; sour, 26. 63. :Oatmeal, per 280115.,
Irish, common cut, 275. to 28.. Indian Corn, per 2801h5.,
18e. 6d. to 19s. Bd.

WOOL—Minim: mu, JAI. I.—Tbe demand con-
trends name, too rte. nt q n an gem wily milted.
Nods and Broke* are in son.t wnat betas sale, but the
advacce is not near so mua•b •m our combing Wools.

CATTLE, &c. 7ioo o'Cloek. •
The supp y of Btos:s it mousratety ...od ; trade is very bad.
ming to the or,l,s.oeked aunt:mon of the dead markets.
Llntr prices are token for all kinds, and some remain un-
sold. The number of Sneep is unu• nal ; there are,
enough, how.ver, for the dtinaud; they are with
difficulty disposed id* at about Monday'. quotatiose.
Calves are nut very plentiful; a good one is readily mold as

.1 Dec 9. Dec 9. I Dec. 18. Dee. 23.1 Dec SO. Jan. 6.
...
10 .„ 177 L.

ally illoaday's pries. Trade is very dull fee Pfge. Prom
Onsany sad lintlsol, 18 Boasts. 20 Sheep, ast 9 Calves;
*ea Beatles& 200 Beats; and 148 MOW Caws from Ike
lose Cowan&
Mss. hit IMMO id Ilbi. S. 4. 44. ree dem etas. as. a 4.
Sulk I&ser.. 310 4 0 Dot I lit Ma lb. 4 0 0 0
11111140.4 .....• 3 4 3 14 bps ....... 4
001110 moat. . i it 3 I vw de, arm ,
wool. Anal : : 111 I tatei...,....dium,,, • : :: :
NI; Übe* lames. LIW; ~4111014.• ill ; Ptak
lisilontaaw, Jas. B.—klateagli Ws ma tbe fertaiglit
now. the sapplp of fat one was wit at large as last week;
In arteadeass el boyars Wag pretty awaseess, aimed a
Inn ails ea* i• tbe swain. at a shade better la prim
bulk lee Beef sad Mottos. But, its. to is. Id. ; prime,
as. Ild. per at. ; Mottos, lid. to 04. per lb.
TATUM' aIIIIVAIT FAIIL—A. fair supply erl llell,alts
bat pikes radioed ; humors oamplala sadly, some sot betas}
sib to mans ea men by 11. per bead as at tits UM fair ;
geed Ones, fat, hem 40e. to 484. pa ewt. ; fat Cows, 46e. se
iOs. ; Cows sad Cakes, very interior, abostMle. Th. re ern
a geed simply of neap, nearly all, wink sold, after a dull
sail , aid. tilled. per lb.
Oirsoow, feu. 10.—The Sheep market this ataralng was
wry haply 'applied. Odes Walt aired, aomegnatty
prism wen boar, sad a great any Mused oat assold. Top
rho hilly lit • middliag qualities, 6d. ; inferior, 4d.
es 444. lb. slaking Web. l'be Cade market
we ales aheadaotly supplied, the imbed sot is keeplir
with ne sobers lbrooght toward. Wet extremely dull,
and prime ansiderably lower. Top pries Ts. 94. ; middling
gas/Idea, &.6d. to 7s. 4d. ; inferior, is per Dion steas,elek.
bag Wale. • great many inferior and Illiddlisi isseriptkrt
of Mask true left unsaid.

For Yesterday's ■snks/s *a '- pip.

Eke ebrpreMs.

MAILS.

-----
The =sib be MA North Mesh% ame tie UAW Mom,
sidle wade sp this MEW. the let It tech
Tee Woe bile Itatti esclubsi blade. Nervy Itessese.
lissbris, Yaw Orbs" and NW" rd beeselsr taws to
Jemeateatistecess, New Oresede. med hem, A
be wade up es be seandee at the 1111 t Jas.
The mem tee Vie% (bum Lbbas, aladebm, OW* mad Oftwelut
A be made us es the sweetmeat the Ilia is..
The alb Awe 011icalter, Malta, We Sedan Ishadu egret,
Ys. Corb ban. llasepekrag. and is. eautheartom. will
Y mit we es the Imatsleg of the gbh Jas
e=
J
The OW Mambos to Sae Nesteremmaa. Crypt. Adak
ke., Al be wads up ow W ~dog et
t JA
M.
The made be New tooth Waits Tea Edema% lawA. sal Neve
blebs will be twee ap to the eyes* et the 31st Jas.
The steite ter be Noe (ULU of Abbe awl lbeleles A be weds
sp es the weitibi of the Slct him
The nib be barbs, the Una% awl blew Ayne. A be
sole up as the Wain at We 4th Feb.

LION WATER AS LONDON 'WOOL
Irma Dap —116.6164. 7 Ism pon 4 Akerres. 6616. pro a
Ss SOSS•11.4&110111. Na /m 4
; Uta.asei. Ws. put 6.

LONDON, FRIDAY, JAN. 12.

IT was an imposing spectacle, that whic -1 was
witnessed at Manchester on Wednesday evening—
some six or s. yen thotu4nd Englishmen, of all classes,
and of all degrees of the industrious classes, met to
consider the grievances which weigh ea them, and
the especial monster grievance of all-searching and
overwhelming taxation. The cause of this crushing
burden was probed and laid bare before them, and
that cause was fully proved and denounced to be the
eagerness with which aristocratic governments fling
themselves into military expenditure—at oce time for
Mgrdisemei t, at another for the combating of prin.
supposed to be hostile to their interns or their
caste, and at all times from a desire to wield an
engine, at once so puissant and so profitable to the
hands ;.hat ply it.
Of the fifty-four or five millions which we must
annually pay, soil e forty-six or forty-seven are for
military expenditure. past or
present. And of these
re not two millions, perhaps, incwearred for the real
defence of the country. Oar first debts were incurred
to humble Holland, and our next debts to raise her
up again. To save Spain from France, Austria from
Pramia,Prussis from Austria, to aggrandise Hanover,
to tax the Americans, to beat France (first out of a
republic and then from under an emperor) these were
the objects of two cen'uries of war, and the Mitt
of eight hundred millions of deb'. It is really time
for the people of England to inquire into the wisdom
or necessity of this perm inent cause of expense, now
that ',taxation has reached its utmost limit—now
that war and its consequences annually absorb five
sixths of our revenue, lesving us to grudge and dispute
a few thousand pounds to the most imperative re-
quirements of civil improvement.
This military expenditure, and the policy on which
it has been, and is still, founded, has long been the
great mystery, the holy of holies of Downing-street.
31r. Hume and others have incessantly made daring
attempts to lift a corner of the veil which hung over
it, until, at the present day, Mr. COBDEN may be
fairly said to have torn it down and exposed the
emptiness of the aanctuin and the imbecility of the
idsl within to the gaze and contempt of the people.
Downing-street is in dismay. The tories out of
power, who think Downing-street their own temple,
are even more shocked and disappointed; and
nothing can equal the fears of their political high
priests, and their coly tee, ru nn ing here and there in dis-
traction, crying out sacrilege, and exclaiming that the
man must be mad or traitorous, who would thus lay
bare the mysterious palladium in which whig and
tory have so long replied the security of Great
Britain.
Mr. COBDEN, Mr. GIBSON, Mr. BRIGHT, Mr. WIL-
SON, are in fact the reformers of a political religion,
which has grown old in mysterious and superan-
nuated dogmas., and which has maintained as its
priesthood the hereditary aristocracy. Their speeches
on Wedneseby were denunciations of the sinters and
absurdities which they had discovered, and the cost
of which has eaten up tho revenue of the country.
Mr. COBDEN with plain, but incisive rhetoric; Mr.
Ofnacits with quaint and happy irony; Mr. BRIGHT
with the vehemence of an orator who throws feeling
even into finance—exposed to the thousands who lie
toned to them the monstrous fallacy and folly of war-
lish like policy, warlike fears, warlike and colonial estab-
ments.

It was not a theme well calcu'ated to catch the po-
plar ear. There is no enthusiasm to be whipped out
of it. It rather counteracts than appeals to really
popular passions. Bat so gross have been the ab-
surdities of our past and present policy, that the
people were strut by the comic monstrosity of it.
They laughed to think how completely they had been
duped. And when each man was told that he had
paid' some hundreds per cent upon one article of his
daily consumOino, down to a hundred or to fifty per
cent. upon others—all, as the Mutiny Act alleges, to
maintain the "balance of power,* or "support the
protestant succession," the effect produced on
every man's mind was, as if the English
tax-paying public had been assisting at a
pantomime of a century's length ; in which panto-
mime ministers and statesmen had played the part of
downs, tricking the people out of their money, and
amusing them in return with uncouth antics and un-
profitable gambols.
The burlesque view, however, which the people
could not but take of the prodigal and solemn doings
of their governors was now and then mingled with a
touch of the indignant and of the feeling. When it
was shown to them that part of the tactics of those
parties who lived upon war, war cries, war pre-
paration and precautions, war panics, and war
establishment% was sedulously to represent, or to mis-
represent, all the struggles of continental nations for
liberty as menacing to us, to trade, to order, to li-
berty, and to property—when the falsehood of such
pictures was pointed out—when one orator showed
that Germany has gained by a few months' agitation
what it cost Englishmen ten years of civil war to con-
quer—when another pointed out how the French,
6EOO they recovered fall liberty of sentiment and ac-
tion, had not displayed one feeling or inkling of
hostility to this ar to any country—and when Mr.
COBDEN, in contradiction of the foul malignity
and illiberalism of the majority of the London press,
called on the numbly of Englishmen before him, for
an expression of sympathy for the efforts of conti-
nental nations now struggling for their liberty—there
then arose one cheer, another, and another, from
the thousands present, so loud, so enthusiastic,
and so heart-sent, that the faintest echo cannot
but bear to the anxious minds of our brethren abroad
the assurance that the feelings of Englishmen are
belied by_ the tort' press, find that nowhere throughout
the world CEO men face death, or undergo peril for
freedom, without being certain of the sympathies
and of the support, as far as it can be fairly given, of
Englishmen.
If it required some argiinient and explanation to
-make the assemblage in the Free Trade Hell of
Manchester see the nullity of that hobgob-
lin of war and revolutions which the
panio-nsoorrs evoked from abroad, it rtquired
but a brief allusion to make them scout the
brother hobgoblin, which the tories evoked at bowie.

Now could be more fully aware than the man who
thronged that hall, how links was order menaced, or
revoludom meditated, destructive of in-
dustry ;Jammed, whoa is the days of April some
how ass, unespowered by even the char-
Thethose to get up danoustratiosis sed pashis—es.
mithusiestio adhesion to the address' map by Mr.
Barony, fully showed the men of Manebsater is be
aware, that they at leant, and all English industrials,
were far is abases of those earatrisin where vialeat use
revelatioury mesas would be had recourse to. The
Preemies and the Austrian may have righteously
seised the musket when the use of tongue sad pea
was alike demise him. In a country when men can
meet, talk, sad write freely, revolution is not merely a
crime bet a folly.
It is en prinaples and upon a consciousness such u
these, that emanations have been formed in Manches-
ter and all grad industrial towcs throughout the king-
dom, fee the great purposes of financial and electoral
reform. We shall have time enough to the
various remaindens and aims of these associa-
tions. For what those aims and resolutions
are at Manchester we need bat refer to
the able speeches published in our present impression.
With respect to them we shall merely observe for the
present, that the movement thus got up, and which
shall be earnestly prosecuted, is a greatly conserve-
tive one, is, in fact, the only policy at all eslculated to
restore the country to financial prosperity, and the '
upper classes to real security. For confident we are,
that if the present system be allowed to continue, if
expenditure be allowed to go on, atd deficits
be made and met, not by impossible taxation,
but by fonds, a little war, or a poll-
dad shake will come to increase the burden
of the debt. And then the ruling aristocracy will
Lave to come forward and admit their inability to
conduct the government or carry on the finances of
the country. A revolution is threatened, not by the
frowardness of the masses of the people, but by the
growiag inability of the upper chimes to cope with
the difficulties of their position. The present move-
ment may help them to do so, and will join
the middle classes with them in the endea-
vour. Whereas if the aristocracy attempt it
alone, and attempt it in their own tradi-
tional and unaltered ways, then, we repeat it,
there is danger to the country. Revolution is no-
where, except at the end of that path which whig and
tory persist in following, vainly imagining they can
fallow it safely. if they go together, and don't betray
one another. Yet herein lies the true danger—that
the state is advancing into a labyrinth without the
usual warning voice and detective eve of
i a par-
liamentary opposition. The sole hope of inch lies n the
reform party; and this, however powerful in the coun-
try,is brow beaten in parliament It is only byassocia-
tion and by meetings such as hare b en formed and
hive taken place in Manchester, that whig and tory
cut be reconciled and brought to make 'common cause
with the nation and the popular party in seeking our
extrication from the great financial and political
difficulties of the time.

LORD Worm MTH and a small knot of landlords
have for some time been gathered together in
Dublin, under the title of a " Conference of Poor-
law uardians." Had the boards of guardians
throughout Ireland been so minded, nothing could be
nrae rational or more legitimate than that they
should assemble to confer upon the results of their
varied experience, to compare the varied condition of
their respective localities, and to deliberate upon the
practical remedies that ought to be demanded of the
legislature during the coming session. Nor would the
went of unanimity amongst so diversified a body have
disentitled their consultations to just weight in the
minds of fair and disinterested persons. Unanimity re-
garding details is neither to be expected nor we think
to be desired on such occasions. Men's opinions
differ as widely as their experence differs. Their
experience of necessity differs widely, because the
c mdition of things wherewith they have to deal
differs widely. There is no identity between the ne-
cessities of the northern and the southern counties;
and there are but few points even of re-
semblance between the pauperism of Leinster
and that of Connaught. Tte difficulties of
ea k however need exposition ; and we had far rather
Mn to the earnest statement of their respective
warts by their respective representatives, although in
few particulars coincident with one another, that be
told by some turbulent and tyrannic de in
the name at all that some one specific was that
was needed, and that nothing else would do. Mattel
concession and still more wise 00-operation for the
attainment of defined objects is the highest proof
of popular enlightenment and political died-
pline ; but it comes not easily or early to communities
whose grievances are many, and whose temper has
been long corroded by misfortune and misrule. And
until it comes gradually and genuinely, there can
be no more unhealthy sign than that of factitious
unanimity.
Be this, however, as it may, certain it is that the
Irish Poor Law Guardians, generally, have not
thought fit to make any such experiment ; and it ought
to be understood that those gentlemen who have
recently assumed to speak in their name are as little
entitled by their number as by their wisdom,
their patriotism, or their influence, to take upon them-
selves the office of expositors of the public will
upon the gravest and most pressing of Irish ques-
tions. The speeches delivered at their initiatory
meeting, with one remarkable exception, to which
we shall have occasion to advert more particularly by
and bye—betrayed the foregone conclusion which
animated the msjority of those assembled. It had
been boldly announced beforehand by the Dublin
Evening Mad that the object was to get rid
of the poor law altogether, es far as relief
to the able-bodied was concerned! Most fitly, there-
fore was the Marquis of WESTMEATH called to the
chair. His lordship's services and sufferings in the
cause are too well known to need any reference. He
had resisted pay men: of rates in one of the poorest
districts el the kingdom; and litigated the claim upon
goeunds an thisely untenable as to call forth
stem expreinisse of astonishment and regret
from the tory judge by whom the case
wan tried. Under this most noble chairman
die ISM and tenor of the proceedings that took Ogee
may be readily imagined. The unwelcome premises
of one or two popular guardians seems to have pre-
vented the promulgation in tei me of the humane and
honourable design of the assemblage. But every
sentimeet expressed, and every interest or prejudice
appealed to, tended to the same purpose; and under
a new phrase the old exterminating scheme of Town. I
land rating was attempted to be revived.
In the Westmeath patois of the landlord dialect,
the proposal to hand bask the peseantry to the tender
mercies of their superior landlords is denoted by the
phrase—" the individualising of responsibility." "Let
men of us," cry the noble and moat noble land-
lords, "take care of his own." His own I—as
if tha peasantry of the laid were like the
seeds OM the estates of the Muscovite noblesse,
an He human cattle on the tobacco farms
of Virginia planters. Time was, indeed, whoa the
Celtic mass were left to the care and keeping of their
hereditary guardians ; and precious care was taken of
Am. From generation to generaiion they ware
seed as EOM implements of rude agriculture, or meths
teen of maw ambition. Sometimes they wets
thought to be too few, sometimes they were thought
to be too many ; but this fewness or this
multitude was at all times a mere question of
landlord gain, how he could make most rent, or manu-
facture most servile votes for county elections of the
good old style. The people were then wholly unedu-
cated. They were brutalised by a sanguinary and in-
tolerant code of laws. Rights of any kind they could
he said to have none. The landlords had and held
Ana in those days as " their owe." Yak isms
awns Mang! tout ago. The penal rode is
gone, and the national schools have eons.
se people still suffer from poverty and fact
want, it is in some degree ascribable to the fact that
until the year 1847 no parliamen-, whether local or
imperial, had the justice or humanity to give the
right of relief to the able-bodied poor. To adjust the
terms on which that right shall be exercised is a
matter of infinite difficulty, it is true ; but to remind
its tardy ecessofea would be in effect to revoke the
only reel se sabelential act of justice to Ireland that
his bossism, dazing the last ten year,.
selleselve responsibility of the whole property
of Ireland to sustain its entire poverty, is the basis of
the act of 1847. What the landlord., who are beaded
by the Marquis of Weernasut, demand, is to distri-
bute this responsibility so that no proprietor shall be
called upon to contribute towards the maintenance of
any but those who are now to be found on bin estate,
or who at any given day shall in future be found

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