The Express.
London, England, 1846-10-29 00:00:00

The Bth " Congressomeedtazeginuriudbha.iatiteSeloniirine.nz:tuta.:te,!-1:1_:tfLni::00:.„114.
etlecni t
cot terminated
mtnedtedaiittsull otafi attendant sin
a such
dietan
review the influence f , Meeti momihilli o upon Italy-nay, objects. I take for granted that 'W air ;4",
ners and flees you have already been--L,Tani„
nowthroughan d
them by and endeavour,
Congress. 0 less in its ecientific than its ex4othsillie
character. There are many here, atia ,„„h,
with the association, who ff not huletd owe
a Let to laugh at • 11161.111 farce, as affording many a good 0 a 46.
social reunion. Without meaningP°rtu°3Y
626'4
which all Italians may
scientific character-which, all ' at a 11.% aet,imitle
haps yield to that of any other siirunTamme.°l°l"°4'‘4l, k
-it is the very fact of its being a kind' feons.-'".. 'mot
eat advantages. To be thoroughly can
cr:11111 111:1 cessary to be well acquainted with the Statei°
predominates in the different sections of
---,1-L.
of states into which it is divided is
separation; but apart from these not
po the sole 41
there if an under-current of I "11111.1. lea easy and bed eeee„._... 1
more than anything else, prevents that enet.---1„„„ollk
essential to political regeneration. Now,b .„',""lent
will have the effect of uniting Italians, and ia, and which ,sai -
an opportunity to the Genoese, the Roman,theessq~ pi I
Neapolitan, of showing that in spite of
.
and defects, they have each their good and egidefects,
ties will go farther than all the wishes, or ragni-r. let
tenons that were ever expressed or painted to '
accomplishment of so grand an object. It '
" Congresea degli Scienziati Italian" suppliesth-"?a
turn that I regard it as one of the happiestand
matt
institutions of modern Italy. All the ele i5e,..71
Italy were not equally represented at Genoa, t -"eh .21
there was a vast preponderance of men from the .•••
of course would be expected for local reasons,
was that thorough amalgamation amongst them
me good to witness. Nor are the Italians th
insensible to such an influence of the " COORTIU. -" "
peat advantages which it promisee. Ir was
mart
in the speeches of Prince Canino, Marchese Paeali74,
others. In conversation it was an ordinary theehe,--',..1'
several occasions I waspresent w hen the hahZ!
ars
national union elicited a burst of a la
PP we It
have been worthy of an English assembly. It w eha„-'`
good feature in these " Congreasi" that they are ebia
a popular movement-they show the strenath
opinion-and prove that it is taking a right diro.
assured that the sovereigns of Italy a may esti
Pope, perhaps) are not in harmony with theme
themselves at the head of a movement which they es';
resist-they permit the existence of what they reel,' 6,7,
evil, in order to avoid falling into a greater. The 'Co.;
are, therefore, a purely popular creation; andtaleZ
fact with all i:s consequences, it is impossible to awl;
high au importance to it. You may think, perhaps,l h;
been hasty in condemning the sovereigns of Pa s"
light men. Did not the King of Naples coquetteyvait
Scienziati, and Pe them, and make them a speed/ ft
that pass: we will test the sincerity of u a suchmai--
affection for science by his acts. This year, haw;
have had no mark of royal benevolence-nothing bid e•
empty permission to meet in the Sardinian States. Itve
whispered that the King was to visit Genoa, ended,
visit would have been both graceful and appropriate,.
merely as a compliment to the distinguished rata the
assembled, but to the memory of one of the erentethe
Genoa ever produced, and of the statue of whoa dohs
stone was laid. The King, however, did not come, ma
of his family, except Prince Carignan°, his cousin, weemei
here, and who cannot be considered as representing kat
slightest degree, royal feeling or °pinions. Yet Tenni",
one day's journey from Genoa. It was said that the mom
i then being held n the neighbourhood of Turin
was. Yet, had there been the slightest sympathy as tS
part of his ms)esty, with the objects of the Comma°, lea
not but imagine that some mode would have been discuses
of expressing that sympathy. But how can such epee
exist on the part of the Italian sovereigns ? Examine ti
political institutions of their states. The Marchese di Palle
vicino, the General Secretary, in his admirable roods*
speech, contended for the free unrestricted diffuses at tit
light of knowledge-a sentiment which was revived see
• thunders of applause. Let us cap this with aan
regulation for the press, just emanated from tie Nevoem
Government. Some of the works of Eugene Saes wee
lately detected in the course of printing-the =wpm
was that they were seized, and an order issued that elm
' printing shop should be visited at stated intervals byth
police. The press was before most heavily fettered. ffs
fresh chains are added. A r.eighbouring sovereitmta-
his spiritual head-and remarkable for his wisdom ssi
benevolence, shows a disposition to rule his Weeds a
principles of justice ; and this obedient son of the elma,
this great admirer of science, who last year mold seta
ciently express his joy that her beams were being
over his own dominions, commences a kind of wadi:est
the Holy Father, and prohibits the Diario di Remain
being introduced into his states. Can such amen betakes
friend of Congressi Scienziati. But to return to the KIRI
Sardinia; he, as well as the King of Naples, area
pletely under the dominion of the Jesuits, who, in die
several kingdoms, have the regulation of public edecanmi
the training of the public mind. Naples and Sardiai
in Italy their strong places: judge, then, whether, mit
such influences as these, there can be any hearty commas
between an Italian sovereign (or either of those 'meat*
and his people in forwarding the views of Congresi
great deal has been said lately of the liberal policy of CO
Alberto, as regards the other portions of Italy : he some
tented to be regarded as a kind of rallying point ix
Italians, and as their legitimate head in care of say pikes
emergency ; but we must seek for any other motive of lei
conduct than really liberal feeling. The great secret slid
is a jealousy of Austrian influence ; a jealousy witted
mutual by the by, and which is now expreseed by es
difficulties about the salt question. Austria makes snap'
went with a portion of Switzerland to supply it with at
But the Swiss finding themselves i:gorg.4, and that they a
get salt cheaper from France by permission of d
King of Sardinia to allow it to pass through his brae
which his Majesty, like a good neighbour, pe
mite ; whereupon Austria waxes furious; pa
prohibitory duty on all Piedmontese works;
Sardinia retorts : but all these quarrels may ts
ferred to jealousy of each other's influence ; and doused
salt question were arranged to-morrow morning, you MU
still find the feeling between these two powers as irritable
ever. It V singular, however, to observe bow his obis
have made common cause with the king in these transsetial
In the spring of last year there seems to have been a do
mination formed, in which the military took a part, to d
dare their sovereign King of Italy. The day even •
named; when the governor of Turin, at the instigatioa of t
Austrian ambassador, sought an audience of his Majesty a
implored him not to leave his palace. Such is the story
rent at Genoa and Turin, and an other towns of Piedmont
It is impossible, too, to enter into conversation with
finding a kind of enthusiasm felt for the king ar regards
Austrian policy ; the truth is, that a kind of detestatios
felt for Austrian influence throughout the Peninsula, rad
than any admiration ofthe principles of his Sardinian 3laje
From Sardinia, let us run down to Rome: throat
out the whole route you bear but one sentimee
that of veneration for Pio IX. Nothing can eta
the enthusiasm which is everywhere felt and
pressed-an enthusiasm, I fear, which is doomed to me
disappointment. I make this remark, net from any di
or suspicion of the intentions of his holiness: on the
teary, I believe him to be as benevolent as he is Poll
ened, and to be perfectly sincere in his good intentics
but I feel that it is impossible that expectatie
such as have been formed, can ever he realised ; and ind
they are inconsistent with that calm deliberation wh
is so essential to good government. On entering the Pis
del Popolo the first object which struck me was the triump
arch erected for the fees of September. It is cures
elegant, and is after the model of the arch of Coneutini
the Forum. Devices and inscriptions were scattered t
and there in praise and honour of the " Immortal Pio E
My first effort was to be presented to his Holiness ; 13,
October is a great holiday month, this was out of the q
tion, and I was obliged to content myself with seeing k
for this purpose I went to the Quirinal Palace about
time that he usually takes his airing. There was a b
crowd assembled, anxious like myself to see him, as
shortly made his appearance. All of course instaatly
on their knees, except the heretics. Outside the Ports
one might have imagined that a great fife was being I
heated ; the road was thronged with carriages and pe
trians, and so it is every day. The next morning it
known that he was going to Albano, and I amused m
for some time in standing before the church of
Giovanni Lateran°, as the evening approad
and watching the groups as they left the city
meet the Pope, and escort him back to his palace.
three hours there was a perpetual stream of carriages
tending towards Albano, and of every possible deseript
from the humble carnets and omnibus, to the curiae
the noble. All Rome seemed to have turned out to met
father. That which struck me as a beautiful feature in
scene was, the number of lovely Roman girls who lined
roads, dressed, as to their heads, with flowers; ind
I think the ladies surpass our sex in their idolatry of Si
Padre. Imagine, if you can, with what shouts he wee
ceived on his return : rising from their knees, all folio
the good Pope to his palace, and soon after he had ent,
the vast crowds began to shout " Santo Padre; la ben
zione." When coming to the window, he gave the ben(
tion to as devoted • mass as ever prostrated itself befoi
pontiff'. This is a daily scene: indeed, instead of flap,
the enthusiasm seems to be on the increase. " What al
sovereign we have," said a Roman to me, "we are
longer in Italy, we are in New York." " Yes,'
another, " listen to what he has done for us : there is
amnesty ; and the introduction of seculars into office;
continual acts of charity, and abolition of espionage: and
voluntary reduction of his own expenditure : then he nee
twice a week publicly allwho choose topreeent theme's.,
him and seek for written communications which ho exam
himself-but he has a large party against him. With few ex,
"ions the cardinals are unfriendly, and the great properio
the priesthood ; but if anything were to happen to him
eardinsl in Rome would be torn to pieces. Of course R
11 is full of on dies. It is not true that the General of
Jesuits has fled ; but it is true that on several fifes when
Pope was going in different directions the people show
" Non mangiate sin beet-our Santo l'adre." This winter
be a most interesting one in Rome : in the early part of t
month the Pope takes possession,
e
Rion a most liberal and comprehensive edict a ill be 1,
lished. His Holiness, who has a most benign exprces lee
countenance, seemed, I thought, flushed and agitated. wl
may be explained by the fact of hie now being engaged
looking into every department of government with a
to effect reforms. when the fires will be
most brilliant character, and it is expected that on the

rener's name was Seru;n—he is no,