The Express.
London, England, 1848-12-26 00:00:00

THE EXPRESS, TUESDAY EVENING, DECEMBER 26, 1848.

come vomit whitest the consent of the nation, unless it
be by the diners of the crowned king. In case of ihe
death of the levelly crowned king, it is the duty of his Sm.
I mediate moment to arse with the Enda to a lease of
everesation, and to swear to the laws and esseelhedes of re
semidry, sad to lime the arowa of It. itephemreseti en Ns
Met by the arise; and though mersela eights err
may be mashed by the seri readamor, precs=lllllllll
emosation, they may not he emselsoll salsas it he
to the thdelleaer el the laws. Hat this ma only be are
la ems of the deems of the 'mewed king ; sad whh nob
sale enserin, there can be no legal Mange meek be the
pessendes of the Reasarian royal throat, without the MB
of the meths sad the resat of the parliament repessetlng
the nalism, emu se that who the Emperor and Meg
Freers L, he the purposed the coronation el reedeesd V.,
who is new Wien. rivet the rellenesalmy eseeest w the
e=the Diet of 1830 tormented le the serenades of he
Ferdinand V. only adder the eaposseeseedes of his
not neraingray riphtsofsevereigatydneisisbelifrefhhedd
father, editor the previous assent ot the ands& •
of the esseput it the theme reel ifesadYlikl:
DIM that the nodes ahead be MMNsad give ras to
the =fume reposed, dues as presampthe esseesser, who
its not been In peammisa of the Ogeese and who asset,
therefore, divine of it, thumb. le the detriment of the
eventual isms of the IMeir Mag. M confer the throes as a
moots, scion of the family ; and has-, since without the
smut of the swim nobody has the right during the ores
reign's Ilk, of pessessing himself el the royal rights and dig-
aides ; sod .inee it menet be ebewed' that pnvate family
sersements should alter the sesseseloc ,• and further sines
the cement of the nation is asermary for the dispe4sation
from the du•ies which are smeaseled with the peemselos of
the Ilongarlan these; and besides, Maas the roy l dignity
of Hungary is bated ea a natal speemstit, aceording to
which he only is to be esseidithed m legal bhp
who conclude, and executes with the nation an
act and deed of coronation agreement, and
takes his oath on Ps rights and laws, and
who after that oath has been crowned with the crown of St.
Stephen ; and since the case of the abdication of the mtge•
ing king has been provided to in such a manner that it has
Mon determined that the nation should in that cam be en-
titled to appoint a proviiional gwverement in the country ;
and lastly, dace the content of the Hungarian nation has
not been naked to the family abdiestions and the shilliage of
right, which took place at °Mute on the 2441 day of this
=with of Dmembetr—in consideration, therefore, that the
arhitmy abdication of the impegial theme of Austria
menet and ought not to affect the independence, the
constitution, and the fundamental rights of the king-
dom of Hungary, and its dependent provinces sad cone-
tries, which do not make port of the Austrian monarchy :
the parliament &darts that nobody has the right of die•
peeing of the Huevrian royal throne, without the cogni-
sance, knswledth, and comment of the parliament. And the
parliament, edit', ring to the legal independence of the °anti-
and the fundamental rights of the Hungarian
nation, ordains that all authorities, civic, clerked, or mili-
tary. oillcials, troops, and all the Inhabitants of litingary,
shall refuse to acknowledge the jurisdicti n of any one, un-
less he be Ant acknowledged by the law, the constitution,
sad the mtifament ; nor 'hall they give rosin to any such
jurisdtietfos but consider •he ante as a usurpation, against
which they are bound to defend their country, sad net only
against completion, but also against foreign laterferense and
foreign attacks. And those who neglect this duty shall be
liable to pr.wca.ion lorhightreason spinet the country."
SAXE-a/HOUR° GOTH A.—A letter from Cloths
of the 18th inst. says the conference at Gotha of the
deputies from the governments in Thuringia has led
to the following resolutions:—That the states in
Thuringia, whilst retaining their national independ-
ence, form a union and decide in common on affairs
relating to the army, the customs, the criminal and
civil codes, the prison system, &c., as well as to their
relations to the central executive and the central
ministry. A Thuringian general ministry is to be
appointed and a united diet established. The eon-
!trepan took place on the 16th and 16th, by the in-
vitation of the commissioner of the central executive,
Herr Von Muhlentels.
- - - - -

FRANK FORT.—The intellirnee from this free city
is of the 23rd instant. The following propositions
resrecting the future head, or supreme administra-
tion of the German empire, will give an idea of the
' variety of opinions elicited by that difficult and deli-
eate question : 1. An hereditary " Emperor of
Germany," the proposition of the subcommittee of
the Frankfort constitution committee.-2. An here-
ditary "German emperor," whose dignity will re-
matn united with one of the German crowns. and
whose imperial residence will be in &fart i the em-
peror to be chosen by the Imperial Diet. This is the
scheme of the Left Centre (Augsburg Hotel).-3. An
"elective emperor," the first to be chosen for life,
by the reigning princes of Germany, with the consent
of the 0 wean National Assembly, and his suocemors
by. the Upper Legislative Assembly of the empire,
with the consent of the People's House. —4. A
" German emperor," to be elected on the first occasion
of reeking a choice by the National Constituent
Assembly tor life, from amongst the German princes
reigning over states, composed at least of a million
ani a halt of inhabitants, and ate/mauls by drawinir
lots.-6. A " King of the Germans for twelve years."
to be elected by the Conatitsent Assembly, and afte;-
wards, by the Diet, from amongst thereiening princes of
Prussia, Austria, Bavaria, Wurtemberg, Saxony,
ar d Hanover.— 6. " A king of the Germans for ten
y, ors."-7. " The chief heed of the empire," to be in
rotation every fourth year, a Prussian, Austrian, and
Bavarian reigning prince.-8. " A directory or college
of five member', one to be named by Airdrie, another
, P, uses, the third by Bavaria, th fourth alter
I natively by the three ether German kingdom on one
aide, and Baden, the two Hewes, and the two Meeklen-
, burgs on the other, and the fifth member by the
otnet Chsuian states : the official residence to be in
Itatisbun.-9. " A regency of the empire," to be corn-
pused of three a. n-reiping members of reigning
U-tman familtea.—And 10. " A captain of the em-
pire," to be chosen (as well as his deputy) by the
, I) et every sixth year. Every German to be eligible.
The official reside• ce to be in F'ranktort. The yearly
• l come to be 100,000 Rhenish florins ; that of the
deputy, 23.000 Ithinish florins.

sash last 'bedtimes osier by as shall be esandired u ma
seinewledreir o. *elf part d the legality of the usurped
power, err or as a dimities of their dries
sad lath as for sod mar, faith sad laws sr'
rebel, the is e/ eablonvig, beer with nastier
mad taireedue. bar OM a bright 'wools of smallokos
=fella WE sod dertisa torsta IMmimed. This
bssairm ms per esmesiatise ribs dip Outlaws,
aoli eWI as be hessetem by as wham. by die grass of die
)art Ord,
ft
di. brighter days rile he us sad ear tsiddal perlist—
ha B. (Crataripsd) A. W. Nowt —T iede-
dabbers, Dea 16.

FRANCE.—Ciumrtvh• or Till OILLIANII FA-
Varies, liquidatorgeneral of the ex Sal the, has
watered a letter to the anespopers, to reacennuesd the
maim of the es royal trilby net to soda their debts ea
unfavourable liffe, bllll/011111, be s. he amassed
that they will meagaally 'ha
in fall. lie
adds that he shall shortly he die to pay • rather
large sum as moremt. X. Dupla has also written to
the journals to deity the as.. this He am that
01l the sambas of the Orleans haft have granted
the power of soo::;n W beets proceeds, sad that mat the
res mes cament Sp
.fte rit aellosee with the
prinepect thereto date footrests. K.
Veva adds that he Me plead at the dipeal of the liquids-
tor.geseral all the fends sad hills shish were la the treasury
of the private dogma • and that he will pees to his order the
bills to be gives fee a:, seamy wattage of wood in 1848,in
ceder to effect a mass as the ereditees.
CoMennisil TdaTED.—The following soooont of
an experiment to tat the soots st the principles of ma-
mmies is given by K. The.. In his work es palffeet7 The owner of • great algae fliWory lest, her a Yes, his
works to his werimes, as dist limo wee se arks' to be
auk in the families of ea seiskilehieoni, sal he agreed to
boy, ate stated pries, as seadiless or paw K nmellines
they might construes. Tide pries Me bees avematad 17
per sect. on the average. The weed tad weeks.. were to
govern themselves, to pay themselves, sod eon the prole
among them. The master had settling to de with them.
He paid fee the asashises, et prices of mains*, and
aatesally be was not to pay until the week wee awe.
The associated weeks., ressimi divided, es they
were before, in differeat deportment' (a peat belay
• arganbatioe, sines they bad only to sundae
the habits they had acquired) ; they platted at the heed
of each deparemat or workshop • pro Mime, end • pure'
president over the whole. They onward the heaseelesi
deaden of wages (another hoWty arising be.
Wilts), except that they gave three franca, instead=
Ind a-half trance, to the lower slaw, that of semees
leheerne, end they diseonthmeed paying the skilful 111113/411111111
(the inerehetnierre, or middle ass 'the bish wages resultiag
ism Overwork. These did ea, like the rest, work sll day;
yet, as they nut be sethied It • esetaht degree, they were
assurial sappismarnito esiss of we, fifteen, and somethaes
tw
isty
r,
whiwhist,, the Mar francs of average wages,
gees beam a the meat, is those or who had
previously earned mix, soma, ore ight frac* a-day. These
.upplententary wages Seregives by the presidents of the
workshops. After haviag thus raised the wises of
the mere labourer, and lowered those of the clever
workman, the flawing was the remit of the throe
months' trial: There was a doily tomtit in the
workshop. 'Tie true, the tumult was pretty general
then and sae sot km at the Lamiaboarg or the Hotel de
villa than_ a the amsfeetarime. The mss took holidays
. .

Whatever itte-Wd then to lona part of this er that deasoi.
elation, which, however, only ill Jared the workman them.
Nelms, for the proprietor paid only for the work when done.
Bat they did net work mush wham they were present, and
the pie loin Marled with the malatesenes el order and
the sepervhien el the Mew were altempil tete er ewe
time. a fertaight. The general preekiest, having se ball
supervision ha dle weekelleps, was Wiest to font variations
of favour, belay dried ones only ening the period et the
awasiation. Bad*, waked se bedew, they would have
wedged a sou of Iff,WIS banes is these three .colic; bat
*lir NAM* were oaly 11/7,000 bases algal* their pek
we mind 17 r mat. The ewe of thlab
'walk r a was sot owing to the fewer
th ember et days and beers thee the worksiseps
Wee% but berm, when present, they did net week
with Ma setivity. The piece hurts, who only reestoed at
the ,„...4.24lasppionsat d a tram,were set
very sales; in far the wessiodes. Themes whoa
they rurally took them when they ware paid by the
piece, to mhos they gave • swell additional sum, and whoa
tbay superiatraded is person, were hit to the almost ter
sive supervision of the presides* el the werbsisepe. all a
thousead worksen out of Shun Moaned inewilinted that
ardour with which rasa are animated when they de set week
for tbseseelve• Is • word, 100 lebnewert reoaived half •
hese • day mem ; 300(.400 workmen meshed their ordinary
WO or 400 ken" but during terra dege, ter We took mire
teselplaa ; end the 1,000 skiver —isdanks, who formerly
by the piece, were deprived at the excess due to
their tonetisnel and which Med their daily wages to saver,
eight, and tea ONISIL Accordingly the good hands were all
deseowleedte ieres the eetablithsest, and when the three
maths welgewl to the senninden had winked it caste to en
end whitest • &lie prateet. It was a kind of insolvency,
he It owed many boon whisk bed sot seen made up. cud
W swallowed up the little capital of • hem* had insulated
by the °weer of the establialunent previously to this platen.
Ample edatinktration."
BELGIUM.—A PAILACBUTI Iron COALPITIL—To
inesed into minas and cal-pith, awl M seesed by NOM of
medal bidden, ere operatiomi=g that the Blerian
plows prefer, I. spite et the eolith forbid it, to
expose their lives to the risk at smog* el • reps, which,
unfortunately, often Weeks sad paselpitates them to the
bottom. We (Missals Hash!) stlosiod lest Wednesday.
an experiment cm • bap teal., "thigh dmenettated in the
most efleitat manner, that hensehrik this dearer no helper
exists for the pitinms"atameens olf an extremely simple
apparatus, the caret is the middle of the
shaft when the rope beak.. -get net made by
means of • walking noel, bat to II pit of same der k
the ep parents was worked by men who remain. d
pended in the well when the rope broke shoot
off. For the future the peraidtwe fur eoel.plte le MO
longer e theory ; its @filmy is now established by pray ieal
hers. The effect of this m paratm was shown before a ..0
merino* company, comp, bed of men of ialsessation, tne
pettier part luau with the weskits, elf =km. Tweir
satisfaction was so xreat that they spoatessowdy Wired to
the inventor to make affidavit as the spot of the beta t.,
which they had been witnesses. A.oeest the party was a
gentleman who ebbed the experiment. to be tried up as
binift.ll; ohe reps baying snapped he sad the workman =-
cooper ying him were spontauseusly stayed without kelt, g
the slightest shock. We shall not tell to acquaint our
ready, of the new slicotions which will not fail to bens.,*-
of this inventi. a, dos y interestiog, tacker looked upon in
a humane point of view car r a wetter of economy in the
working of nines.

SOMALI/1N IN AltriUca.—The atostigutionnel re-
po dams e letter from the fekturrier de lo Lori item, writ ten
by M. B. Dubuisste, jeweller, formerly of the Rua Boyd',
103, who formed ``art of the second advanced guard mat by
H. Cab t to look This letter gives • deplorable aemunt
of the expedition. It says that it is not true as had been
represented, that a million of acme have been soneedni to
the !miens; that one of the establiahmente destined to
maim women waa not at for a stable that as arriving
in boaria, after a long and &Scutt jononsy through fo-
rests, during which the expedition had to 'spoon ea
vent privations, they found nothing but mum and no
cultivated land. The Uttar adds that, the da 'after ar-
riving, the exiles amaimmely resolved to ahsaMarie,
which they did, leaving their effects behind; end the
writer then gives a detail of hie peouniare hums, and or his
having tailed to obtain anielease frets members of an Icarian
society at New Orleans. The Conatitediesswel elan pubithes
a letter on the same subject, dated Paris, the 2,4 th Mount,
from a M. Ceram, wko emisauainatee a letter from anoth. r
member of the expedition, In which a mender woeful amount
is sites. The unfortunate eneasaaniat, a yeller man who
had given the greater part of hie fortune to Cabot, writ s
that, on arriving in leads, where Mt water sad air are per
nine emu oat of *meaty died, and the tees fell rout
gamma, ill. He mys, that titesserh suffering from fever and
want, he succeeded in melting New Orlieses, after walking
120 leagues through the forest., and that he was there re-
ceived in the hopitel. He speaks in strong terms of what
he oelle the deception of Cabot.
THS NATITI PUSS OF INDIA.—At a timid met-t-

Habit," lisjar al Matekheria,"—ruts of Thai
Tbeesaad aedow Nights"—the poems of .Idotanable—
sewed pammathal and sakmaille works in Arabic—tranala-
time afßeglish Ileastima gesmetry, algebra, arithmetic,
2=,aeleasonay, &a ,—.event histories of Ragland,
eflisam la :la, Penis, mad Affghainstan. At
anothur miablishel in 1844, near 60 works had been
a Kann and several daisies. At another,
=din Mk -isso weeks had born printed, and
Maven were dmmihed ea In the prem. At sae, called the
Royal hums, we Med a list of der pablitations, of which two
an of royal annhemidp, and two an Lomas, one of which
sacespealsil by aa Urdu translation. Other prance of
Dalbl more rommly established have also beta la fall so-
tivitr„ The pram at Bareilly began opreas so lately as
1847, but has already seat oat tea public comprising
the departments et hisarry, poetry, sad scissor, In the
Arable, Persian, and U.dalangusges.
LITHOGRAPHIC STONES IN INDIA.—A lector from
Capt. Meadows Taylor, writes from Bnorapoor, is the Dek-
ham, Oct. 26. says:—" Is this district we bars miles and
miles of the very thirst lithographic stosse,—equal, as Dr.
Blast mares 11111, to the Gomm. Them swam would be a
mine of wealth to akengsar If a railway ei.sted, tor the
vain of this rock limestone is lash. runs through the whore
of this wintry, sad woad be inexhaustible. It is very
beantiful, eery raised, sad I am new getting some spa-
sms dinned."

GIBRALTAIL—Bir,--Exceme of expenditure over re-
venue, the eheraeteristic of wing erasesment, is Mt in the
local expenditure of Gibraltar, sad ear ljelaidelkellse has
imposed new duties to meet the Mareesed dews. Os the
24th July an ordinance wee published by ear sedteritics,
containing • new smile of dudes, le be lent Mem kr the ap-
proval of h r Mikity's Privy Osimal. • meseieg of the
inhabitants was Mkt to tate latemmaidereSsm Ws proposed
low male of duties, and at yid& meeting nesluthins were
weed ageism them, a 1111•1■01thii was drawn up and
signed by all the respectable inbatoitaists, revisiting
that • communion might be sppolnted to inquire into
the beet mess of *Meeting a revenue mammary _
meet the local espendoure, or that the memorialists
might be heard by counsel at the colonial dila, a request on
Use part et the people of this gsmisint so moderate that a
person an scarcely b. lieve it should be minted. How-
ever, such is the ease ; and on the 7th December nocioe
was published thee the new duties wire in force, having
been approved of by her lisj, sh's privy council. The
memorialists are set at defiance—a rte is to be col-
listed principally on wince, unjust in It. operation, as only
touching about dire* fourths of the population, for one-
fourth are Jews, and es they import none, consequently
escape their share of tasetiou ; bat the worst principle
of the wine duties is its in nee with the ireedons
of the poet, and the requiring of • staff to collect it,
whose salaries will, most pr. ,bably, mount to one-ball
of the
be the more succeesful, would try to mike their profits the
larger by not incumbering themselves by unnicemary
prams ; why not apply en sound a principle to taxation ? A
revenue for the local expenditure might be collected at a
very small met, and would press equally on all des es by a
poundage on rental in the came wey as the present scaveng-
ing rate Is collected; the milked.' of the duties on wines,
preventing its being smuiiglect into the granitic, and grant
leo permits to allow its removal Won boom to house, after
bang introduced, is a costly end annoying system; but it
appeus to mat best ear salary-loving aristocracy ; give them
a ravens. requiring numerous officers to collect it, is their
cry ; the way in which the revenue is to be raised is as
follows

.
Duty. Wharfage
TolL
DIA rte.". Mum cp.
Oa se
Oa of wine intredneed Into the
perrhwin
On men Mutants, Introduced Into the gmison 30 0 0S 1
And uses Is proportion for Mr subLe4
skew el a pipe.
Ors satirgalissaf state( wsters,ar eardisk 0 II
°Clew, herlisra of tobor. 0 II I
On all weds MI Waned. 24 mvernt., of which
per sash Is Mewed the sustionser.
2Whicawalsesliserwt, Riad annually. Is *dram 2O 17
Partelbdiale ditto ditto 0 4
liswhdYa a ditto ditto 1 6
Brehm% dWe ditto ditto 3 9
Trilium( AM ditto ditto.-- 1 6
Benert diets ditto 017
lisasaasems ditto ditto ditto....— 4 6
Was mid stark ditto ditto ditto
Inseams. d
ditto uo ditto....
Them dlttis data ditto 26 0
Itliissilalis ditto Wit • ditto 26 0
Lighters. lorry-boats, and 11.O•uploiats, 16 dm' to 1 dol.
utak oolordtag to sic. no duty hitherto on wi e amount-
ed to too add s half dollm per pipe on that drunk is taverns
and wimsehmts•-•, and no duty on that which we. drunk in
privets Itosase—a nem more unj sat Lai quite so costly in
to wilettion as the present new duties. If • commission was
appointed to inquire into our local expenditure, it would no
doubt result in a groat reduction, and a pie mintage on
rental sad Homes yenta be found adequate to moat the us.
=chines it would IM cheerfully paid, and the tort
bo ant, &c., Lie INHADITANT OP 01BALLTLIt.
1648.