The Express.
London, England, 1854-01-11 00:00:00

and her Parliamentary Ministers; that mote espe-
cially all such interposition will not be lanceted
when the person interposed is a :sniper bp birth
and connexions, and when the nation:llo4ll'em the
brink of an arduous strugglpet a aan, the, eves
all, the patios distrusts the beieivektliei
may admire the testa, is Prince who kW breathed
from childhood the air of Courts tainted by did
imaginative servility of GOETHE—who booboo Law.
Wasted in early manhood in the aeatisearry er retro-
grade political principles of the said eirlelleVen
and SAVIGNT; and who is a prierimmt tesieler of the
family of Conulo.

OF ENGLISH
LANKFUL
7"T
RUSSIANS.
7.140119111" BT
Mkt
Para by the Reggaes et
at._.a.eitehert n*"
-mates
147tt0 18Z --Zes
..latelk
and
stokers,

LATO3I

Arnie the military have been called in to settle by
force of arms a question between buyers and sellers.
At Wigan the labourers rose against the high' primp
of money reckoned in labour; at Chace and Exeter
they rise spinet the high price of corn reckoned in
money. At Wigan they complain of not being able
to buy money enough with their labour ; at Crediton
and Exeter they complain of not being able to bey
corn enough with their coin. In one place money is
too dear for the labourer when he wants to bay it; in
the other too cheap when be wants to sell it. Of cram
he knows nothing of the anomaly, for the labourer In
mast instances is too uninstructed to know anything
beyond the mere circle in which his own interests
are contained. And yet these are the very elements
of knowledge that are of the utmost importance to
the working man, and to the community of which
he is a member, in so far as the peace of the com-
munity is dependent upon the contentment of the
labourer. In the meantime. as be knows nothing
about the matter, he becomes diessatented sad
detour; and we then, in default of sitereat mein
"11 instruction, send down a hoop of schoolmasters,
la red coats, carrying with them instruments of edu-
elation in the shape of sabres and carbines.
It seems doubtful, however, at present, whether
the Devonshire rioters cared much abed the
fights of the matter at issue, and vshetheir
they were not a mere rabble of plunderers
making use of the plea of high prices as a
other for their felonious intentions. At Remin-
der they broke into the house of a wealthy termer,
took away several articles, and helped themselves
Ss a quantity of cider. There is nothing visible here
bat a love of pillage. There is neither poetical nor
any other justice in breaking open a farmer's
drawers, or drinking his cider, because a baker sells
bread at fid. the loaf. A love of mischief was evi-
dently mixed up with the other elements of coda-
don, as it is asserted that the house would have been
fired but for the timely arrival of the soldiers.
In Exeter, they appear to have acted with a
little more regard to logic. Bread was dear.
The bakers sold the bread. Therefore the bakers
were the came of the dearness. Therefore the ,
Wien must be made to suffer. So on Monday '
afternoon these practical resumers proceeded to break
open the bakers' shops and took the bread for nothing
which they were not able to get at their own prier.
Shortly alter, the riot became mo serious, and so ut-
terly beyond the control of the police, that the
Mayor sent off to the barrack for a troop at dragoon.
Not, however, until some time after the arrival of
the soldiers did the riot cease.
In suggesting that the present disturbances have
arisen as much from malevolence and mischief as
from dishier, there is no attempt to deny that the
dearness of bread is the cause which underlies all
others. The Mayor expressly declared in a notice,
affixed to the walls on Monday, that the riots wean
"in consequence of the high price of bread." What
we mean to insinuate is that at present the rioters
I seem to have reckoned a large number of mere
plunderers in their ranks. But there is
reason to fear that if the present prices
'matinee, or rise, as may probably be the
ow, the disaffection may become more general
amongst that class of labourers who under ordinary
circumstances would never set themselves in opposi-
tion to the law. It is ill reasoning with an empty
stomach. The Government have never endeavoured
to explain to the labourers the cause of high prices,
have given them no National Education, and we
have to take the consequences.
Before the worst of these consequences ar-
rive, may we not, however, take warning
teem the put, and endeavour to diminish the
weight of the coming blow, by making
amends for our errors? Would it be so difficult a
task for good and earnest men to acquire the con-
fidence of the working classes, and teach them a few
plain truths, that would do more to prevent strikes
and riots than all the dragoons in the kingdom? Sup-
posing, occasionally, that our pulpits even, instead
of echoing with doctrinal subtleties, which the
uneducated man can never grasp, were to be
employed for enunciation of some each princi-
ple as this—that when corn enough is not'
grown for the consumption of the whole commu
pity, some portion of the community must go with-
oat, or be contented with a small share—we do
set desire to see churches turned into lecture-rooms
ter political economists, but woad an occasional re- I
mark of this kind be • desecration ? Many a poor
man, for want of this very crumb of knowlet
has become an incendiary and • thitiL
it is not only clergymen who mighil OW •
few truths of this nature amongst the oasessotei;
all of us, who have a few minutes' Wore, when in
contact with working people might Immo sir
sionaries in a like cause. There are theelmads of
energetic men and women amongst mei& ere only
too willing to be employed in defog geed; suppose
they were to break ground in this direction P The
false notions that are entertained by millions of
labourers in this country as to the true'
nature of prices are at the present ass'-'
meet the cause of intense suffering • and
loss. They may at any moment be the oecasica
of rapine, and desolation, and murder. There are, it
is said, more than 70,000 human beings in Lance-
lithe who believe that the only reason why they do
sot get larger wages is, that their masters capri-
ciously fix a low price for labour in order to canal
themselves at the labourer's expense. Uwe ern
thousands of agricultural labourers in Deveiddre
who believe that bakers arbitrarily sell their bread at
a high prices for their own private emolument. And
gert may assert the same in various degrees of
every meaty in the kingdom. Here is a mass of
smeeldering matter ready to break out into flame on
the shortest notice. And it is ourselves who are to
Mane for this. We it is who have allowed a large
population to grow up either without any instruction
A all, or such instruction as will not be of ther+
use to these in their way through the
world. We have sown deadly seeds, and we shall, if
we mind not, reap a terrible harvest. It
should be the' duty of all of us indisideally
and collectively to endeavour to operate upon this
body of inflammable material, and diminish the dan-
ger with which it threatens ur. ' Educate your la-
bourers, and they will not sulk idly in their homes
for months together, or endeavour to gain by robbery
the bread they should obtain by their labour.

THE FATAL. COLLISION Ott THE &STUN COBETTU
Basstv.—With the et sestion M Hr. Balms, barometer
mbar, of Ilasbhe iris IN Ws at the Bell lon, Thetford,
enfinies fres Weds es the Is, and cheat, in a very bad
ersalrios the various parties ham by the collision on
thin wise still *scrim, are said to be ptogfeoYeg•
aeaay pail& sere as. at ti to their state sta
rsinsto by of the esesmay. The
impart. perdely yesterday, ws continued for •
tine eels MR 11.4 lost the 'vides* being in a very
lasespisle OW It BS “IPOMIEKL

THE EXPRESS, WEDNESDAY EVENRI43, JANUARY 11, 1

FROM ABROAD.

RUSSIA AND TURKEY.
We have neeived tie following telegraphic) dee-
patch :
"PARIS, WIDNUDAT.
" The Monitors. data; that a despatch has been re-
solved boot Coactiosttoeple,lated December 31,which
'coatroom that the Dino has agreed to all the pro-
peados, ofthe Emir Powers. News has bon re-
Nita of a victory gained at Kalafat by the Turkish
forms over 30,000 Russians. The fleets entered the
Black Res on the 3rd humeri"

FRANCE.
PARIS, TUESDAY Bynum+.
A correspondent writes from the Austro-Turkish
frontier :
" Many of the Wallaohian militia, which effected
their escape from Major Barileanu's corps, have been
r►esptured by the Russians and brought back to
Irajowa. The rest have succeeded in joining the
Turks. The Wallachia° officer who commanded the
corps under Barileanu is in prison at Erajowa,
and is charged, firstly, with not preventing
the desertion' of the men; and, secondly,
with having had the boldness to declare
that he considered the Bohan as his liege lord,
and the Czar as only possessing the rights of a pro-
teeter, that consequently he did not feel bound to
fight foe the second against the first. There are in
Little Wallachia a few Greek farmers who sympa-
thies with Russia, and endeavour to win over the
people to the same way of thinking. The peasants
have seised some of these, bound them, and delivered
I them to the Turks." _

At the Bourse to-day the Three per Cent. Rentes
dosed for money at 70.50, and the Foar-and-a-Half
' per Cent. at 99. This bourse has fallen fully 4 per
cent. since yesterday.

GERMANY.

All the continental bourses were telegraphed yes-
terday as presenting heavy declining markets, espe-
cially for Austrian and Russian securities.

THE WAR.

RUSSIA AND TURKEY.

The anxiety of the public to be informed of the
exact character of the propositions which the Four'
Powers were known to be urging upon the accep-
tance of the Porte, has favoured the currency of
many defective and inaccurate statements on that
head. All uncertainty, however, respecting the re-
commendations of the ambassadors is now removed
by the publication, or rather by the authentication,
ei the text of the collective note presented by the
espesentatives of England, France, Austria, and
bait to the Porte. The semi-official Pays and
Owl&ikons: publish the document, which is alio
given below by our own correspondent at Constant'.
maple. As this note, besides disclosing for the
mement the drift of French and English diplomacy,
Mist prove the turning point of great events, and is
evidently destined to become the object of frequent ,
reference in the history of the Eastern question, we
sepoduce it, although its substance has before been
given in the Daily News.
The extent to which the Porte has adopted the
bases of negotiation recommended by the Powers is not
yet known. At the date of the last advice, received by
telegraph the note was still under discussion at the
Porte, and the definitive answer of the Ottoman go-
vernment had not been rendered. The strongest pos-
sible objections continued to be made to the renewal
of the treaties which have for years enabled Russia
to keep Turkey in perpetual disquietude. The mo-
ment of final decision on this point would hardly
pus over without a crisis at the Porte.
Nothing has transpired to connect the mission
of We. Belgian Prince de Chimay to the French
wort with the Eastern question, and it will be seen
by our Paris letter that tthas probably no higher object
than the regulation of the commercial relations be•
tween Belgium and her Gallic neighbour.
The National Gazette of Berlin states that the
sailors of the Baltic fleet, who had been sent to their
homes, have received orders to return to their posts
in March.
A letter from Moscow states that the 6th corps
crarmee, stationed in that city and neighbourhood, has
received orders to march towards the Wallaohian fron-
tier. The first columns have already put themselves
in movement.
The Wanderer of Vienna states that Acbmet Pacha
has repulsed the Russians at about a mile from Ears,
and that he afterwards retired to his winter quarters
at =ore. The date of the affair is not given.
The Invalids Busse of the Ist inst., states that ac-
seeding to reports received from Prince Woronzoff,
ocumander of the army of the Caucasus, nothing
remarkable had taken place on the Turkish Asiatic
kootior down to the 16th nit. The rumours of the
taking of Kam Baton's, Shef katil, and other places,
which, according to several German papers, had
fallen into the power of the Russians, were therefore
unfounded.

CONSTANTINOPLE, Ditc. 26.
Although I wrote yesterday by the French packet

,

for its i,llise, comments to treat for peace, but on con-1
utas dition that the ' ea of bar sovereign rights
and the integrity of
empire
shall be guaranteed
both for the the future. This answer,
although net ' the interests of the Porte
bask I ems Lune° of the manifests-
ties of the NO% NS yet obtained the sanction of

I ass also assured that • Firman will shortly be
published accurately defining the privileges of the
Crnstian subjects of the empire, as likewise their
civil rights.
About thirty of the most hotheaded softas have
been shipped on board of the transport Porsoud as
exiles to Candia.

CONSTANTINOPLE, Dsc. 24.
The Caradoc went off yesterday at 7 p.m.; and I
have reason to think that a messenger arrived about
an hour later with telegraphic &watches from Lon-
don and Paris.
My lut ham given you a full and true account of
the softa commotion, and still I can well imagine,
that it may afford to some of your contemporaries anl
ample theme for startling articles on the "revolution'
at Onetantinople," " resurrection of the Janissaries;
est Oda like. However, you may rest assured that
tin tatit went off with all imaginable decorum and
preptisty. No insult, no breach of the peace, not
a, single outrage is on record. The object, moreover,
some think, was praiseworthy and legitimate; and
the softy only followed the lead of " the gentlemen
of England" in their efforts to unravel ministerial
riddles, and to sift the manoeuvres of diplomacy.
Lord Palmerston, who, as I frequently observed,
the dens terminus and idol of Turkey, will see in
this incident nothing more, I feel convinced, than
the germs of freedom and popular institutions in the
Osmanlee—and which may one day ripen and thrive
apace, provided he get fair play in the present
struggle.
The utmost tranquillity prevails here, and popular
excitement ceased altogether on the issue of an ex-
planatory proclamation. This was the one thing neces-
sary, as stated in my last, to meet the exigencies of
the situation, but which has resulted in the arrest
and exile of several students.
The corporation of softas is numerically strong,
amounting to nearly 40,000 in the capital alone,
and with considerable ramifications throughout the

empire.
This circumstance, in all probability, contributed
mainly to the alarms and trepidation universally
felt in the Frank quarter at the outset. Besides, by
invitation of Lord Redcliffe the diplomatic corps
assembled at the British Palace, the BIWA& resi-
dents had notice to be prepared for every eventuality.
Four war steamers were instantly summoned into
port—all this naturally increased the alarm, and like
an electric shock roused the city of Pera from its
propriety and habitual quietude. The French am-
bassador that morning had gone up to Tberapia,
and was discussing with the admiral a
dtYetiner e.rquis, when, 10, if I am rightly
informed, in came a sinister-lookicg English attacid,
breathless and bespattered, as Marmion's steed.
The object of his mission having been instantly made
known, the general was on his legs in a twinkling.
" Mon bateau! mon bateau! Canaille! je les arran-
gerai. Baricides Torques! ca dolt etre &Ole pour-
taut." And thus, in lieu of Lord Redcliffe's confer-
ence, off posted M. Baraguay d'Hilliers straight to
the Imperial Palace. On his arrival there he was in-
formed that the ministers were all assembled in close
conference. "Ca m'est egal," responded the "man-
of-war," and went right in. "Messieurs j'entends
y a du desordre, et je viens Tons offrer
mes services." No answer. "I 1 n'y a per.
sonne qui perle le Francais ici ?" Reschid
Pacha then got up, and thanked, in the name of the
assembly, the general for his solicitude, but assured
him at the same time, that the government had
already adopted the measures requisite io the present
emergency.
DEC. 22.
On Monday, 19th inst., a telegraphic dispatch was
sent off via' Belgrade, to announce the decision of the
National Assembly—the vote of the majority, em-
powering
.the ministry to negotiate on conditions,
securing intact the sovereign rights of the Sultan,
land providing for the safety and integrity of the em-
pire. The debate lasted three days, and the Masbata
was presented, and received on Tuesday last, 20th
inst., the royal sanction.
The precise terms of this project are not yet ge-
nerally known, but they are said to be tair and
equitable; and we all fervently hope, if so, that it
may be crowned with prompt and complete success.
However, if it be again attempted to bully and im-
pose on Turkey. conditions incompatible with her ho-
nour and her interests, all will end, I fear, not in
smoke, but in a convulsion, whose shock will be
felt eventually all over Europe. This at least is my
opinion, my firm conviction and calculation of pro-
babilities. On the evening of the 20th inst., the
day on which, as above mentioned, the decision of the
National Asembly had been confirmed by the royal
signature—a rumour having been circulated that the
government had precipitately signed a treaty of
peace, it produced great discontent and gave rise to
a popular demonstration such as that expected, you
recollect, at the Courban Bairam, and with precisely
similar effects. Thus, the Tiger, Mogador, Inflexible,
and Gomer were summoned from their station at
Beycos, into port, with a view to the preservation
of order, and being prepared for every eventuality.
The diplomatic corps assembled at the British
palace, to discuss the gravity of the ',situa-
tion, and a council of the ministers, under
the presidency of the Sultan, was held
also at the Imperial Felice. In short there was a
remue-menage all over the place—dire events, and a
hat of spectral images, were readily conjured up by
the vivid imaginations in the Frank district. I felt
most anxious to proceed to the reported scene of
sedition ; but a friend with a red cap and distin-
' pair of moustaches--advantages I cannot

... .. I , - gnished . _ _
the traria, cannot allow the vessel to leave Trieste bout myseh— _..e. ea me from that trouble, and the
without addressing yon a few more limes, in order to following us his account of the affair, of which,
transmit to you the note of the ambassadon, which no doubt, you will hear a variety of exaggerated
has only been partially accepted by the Porte : versions. He repaired to Sultan Mehemet, and there
The sadeel ambassador of —, in word with
observed about a thousand aortas, some armed, it is
gro
the representativesof —, has the honour to make known true
to*. Sublime Ports that the governments of the Four quietly
' assembled in different ups, discussing
the act, of the government. Having inquired
power, haying siai mom to believe that his Majesty the from some_ the. cense. of this manifestation,
..., he learned that their only object was to
dighwEll".ll7:bfroargim4ayasseasseaidaradasi rella tiwilth,7l, .ofaithaien frets know for what reasons, and on what con-
ditions, the government had precipitately con-
ed** bees bees the mmospenla et it, and knowing, more-
elude
a treaty of peace—that they had already
eves, MIR UM desiesselime et bli Imperial Majesty, that he
made every effort, and were still ready to sacrifice
only ilefiege es assameesit a perfect equality of rights and
their all in defence of the national dignity and
isissaaliss waled by the Sultan and his ancestors to the
honour.
Oneida sammuoittes, subjects of the Sublime Porte ; This then is the sum total of the affair up to the
Awl the Wilms Porte, en its side, replying to that de•
present date, and which might have been prevented
elenilm, by the declaration that it regards it as being for altogether, bad the government thought of pub
ill hussar to *3"n" to nrsintain the said rights and im- lishing, without delay, in the Moniteur, the
amities, and that it is constantly disposed to put an end decision of the National Assembly, which is
to the differences which have arisen between the two em- unfortunately far different and far off from a treaty
pine ; of peace. The utmost tranquillity prevails here ;
The negotiations which are to follow shall be hued— not a single outrage has been committed, although
lit. On the evacuation of the Principalities as promptly it has been deemed necessary to arrest some supposed
es possible. leaders and instigators of this popular movement.
2nd. On the renewal of the old treaties. With regard to the intentions of the Allied Powers,
3rd. Oa the communication of the &nuns relative to and their present plan of adjustment, after so many
the spiritual advantages granted by the Sublime Porte to failures, it is really impossible to hazard a conjeo-
all its non-Mussulman subjects, a communication, which tare. Now •
is the time to settle definitively this
when made to the Power', shall be accompanied by snit- eternal and perplexing Eastern question. Turkey
able assurances given to each of them. merits all their sympathy and support, if we may
The arrangement already made to complete the accord credit the authority of the veteran and the ablest
relative to the Holy Places end to the religious establish- statesman in Europe. She has progressed gradually
meets at Jerusalem shall be dellaiti, sly adopted. The within these last thirty years, ever since the destruc-
Porte shall declare to the representatives of the Four tion of the Janissaries, and more so than any other
Powers that it is ready to name a plenipotentiary, to state under similar circumstances—harmed from
establish an armistice, and to associate on the bases above- within and without by the perpetual machine-
Illenrioned with the concurrence of the Power% and in • Lions of a powerful enemy. All she now demands
neutral ally, to be hereafter agreed apes. is fair play, a fair trial, an interval of re-
The declarations mid* by the Powers in the preamble of pose and security, to reform her institutions, develop
the treaty of the 13th July, 1841, shall be solemnly con- h -,r immense resources, and to be admitted on her own
firmed by the same Powers in the interest of the inde• merits as an efficient member of the European confe-
peedeace sad the integrity of the Ottoman Empire and deration.
that of the European count. The return of Riza Pacha to power has been hailed
And she Sublime Poets oa its side shall declare, in the by all as a favourable omen at the present crisis. lie
tame iistereet, Its dna reeehtk° to Ins" agentdensi, is unquestionably, as I before stated, one of the ablest
develop its administrative gets*, aid the internal me- men I have met in Turkey. Ile entered the Seraglio
iterations which may satisfy the waits and the just expo- as page daring the last Russian war, when the late
tuitions of Its milieu of all slams. . Sultan was residing at Therapia. He must have
Blissi by sash et the leer Amebas sedan. been then about sixteen years of age, and managed,
.Yens, Dee. 12, 1853. nevertheless, to play hie cards with radii and sagacity,
The reply of the Porte was conceived nearly in amidst the continual agitation and perplexities of a
the following tame t—Turkey, moved by a regezd court life. He advanced gradually to the rat of