The Express.
London, England, 1846-10-03 00:00:00

THE EXPRESS, SATURDAY EVENING, OCTOBER 3, 1846.

not being books originally produced in the United Kiagdom,
a duty of fifteen shillings per hundred %eight ; on prints and
drawings, plain or coloured, published at anyplace within
the dominions of Saxony, a halfpenny each, if single, and
threehalfpenos per dozen if bound or sewed. This order
takes effect from the first of the present month.
INQUEATA.—DE %TR FROM DISEAiE OF TAE HEART.
—By Mr. Carter, on Thursday, on the body of John Turner
Trewman, aged 68,a Major-General in the East India Service,
who had expired suddenly at his residence on Wimbledon
Common. The inquiry took place at the deceased gentle-
man's mansion, and it was distinctly proved that he died
from disease of the heart suddenly on Wednesday morning.
Verdict accordingly.—Seletez.—By Mr. W. Baker, at
the Moor's Arms, Bow Common, Bromley, on the bode of
Julia Ann Evans, aged 23, the wife of an engineer, residing
at No. 1, Carter-street, Bromley. The deceased was in the
habit of getting intoxicated, and in .that state was very
sullen. On Saturday last deceased was seen close to her
residence, very much in liquor. Her husband persuaded
her to come home, and took away some things which she
had is her posselaion. They had not proceeded far before
she suddenly darted away, and was never seen alive after-
wards. Early the following morning la
bonnet WAS dis-
covered lying on the towing lath dace to the Lime-
house cut of the river Lea, It was immediately identified
as belonging to the deceased, but the body was not
found till Wednesday. Verdict, " Found drowned."—
CUTTING THE THROAT.—By Mr. 0. T. Mills, in the draw-
ing-roam of the house, No. 63, Oxford-street, on the body of
Mr. Lionel Dletrichsen, aged 40, the surviving partner of
the firm of Dietrichaen and Hannay, Patent Medicine
vendors and general medical booksellers. Deceased, who
was unmarried, and resided as above with his mother and
sister, was a man of considerable talent, and in 1837 pub-
lished an almanac, under the title of " Dietrichsen's and
Hannay 's Royal Almannc," which has since that time been
under his editorship. lie had been engaged in a Chancery
suit, and had latterly evinced a lowness of spirits and eccen-
tricity of manner resulting, as was supposed, from his too
doss application to study. On Wednesday evening, deceased
was found lying on the floor of his room in a pool of
blow', with a gash in his throat, dividing all the priucipal
arteries, and nearly severing the brad from the body. A
razor clotted with blood, with which the horrid deed had
been committed, was by his side. A surgeon was prompt in
attendance, who was of opinion, from the extent of the
wound, that death Inuit have heed instantaneous. Deceased
WAS considered to be wealthy, and no cause but that of nerv-
ous excitement can be attnbuted for his having committed
the suicidal act. —Verdict, " Temporary insanity."—
ANOTHER THROAT-CUTTINO.—By Mr. G. J. Mille, at the
King's Arms Inn, on the body of Thos. Errocker, aged 43 year,.
Deceased was a commonlabourer, but had been in better cir-
cumstances. For some time previous he had been labouring
under disease of the lungs, and on Tuesday morning cut his
throat in his bed while his wife was sitting by him. De-
ceased lived until Wednesday morning, when he died from
suffocation during a tit of coughing.—Verdict accordingly.
--DEATH PROW BLows.—By Mr. Baker, an adjourned
inquiry at the Cock, Cock-hill, ILL:cliff, iiito the death of
John Harrold Levitt, whose case has been twice already men-
tioned in our paper. After several witnesses had confirmed
the former statement', the coroner summed up, minutely
explaining the law, and the jury, after a short deliberation,
returned a verdict of " Manslaughter against Richard lies-
-
wood, Henry Buddy, and William Branch," and the coffin-tw
issued his warrant for their apprehension, and committal to
Newgate. The parties are suppesed:te have gone to France.—
DEATH FROM RIDINO oNSHAPTS.—By Mr. l'ayne, at
Guy's Hospital, on the body of Richard kilewood, aged 56,
a gardener. On Tuesday accessed was sitting on the shafts
of a van as it passed St. Mark's Church, Kennington, when
the horse started at the noise made by an omnibus. The
deceased jumped off, but his foot caught in the wheel, and
he was run over. He died on Thura lay. The jury, cen-
suring the practice of riding on the shafts, returned a ver-
dict of "Accidental death."—Deere PROM DRINKINO
Rl;3l.—By Mr. Bedford, at the Elephant and Castle, Great
Peter-street, Westminster, on the body of Robert Owen Her-
lock, aged 38, a watchmaker, a confirmed drunkard. He had
been assured that he would kill himself if he drank to such
excess, but he was intoxicated almost dilly. Yesterday
morning he went to the Queen's Head, Marsham-street, for
a glass of rum, with which he usually broke his fast, and
was Tabling the glass to his lips, when he suddenly
fell back ou the floor, and expired. Verdict, " Death
from apoplexy., brought on by excessive
DEATH IN A LUNATIC ASTLUsc—By Mr. G. J. Mills,
in
the Visiting-room of the County Pauper Lunatic Asylum at
Hanwell, on the body of Edwin Haggaged, 44 years, an In-
mate, who had destroyed himself by hanging. Deceased had
led a dissipated life ; had been in the Blues, and expelled for
drunkenness. Between two and three months since, while
in a Common lodiring-house at Hounslow, he attempted to
strangle himself, but was prevented. He afterwards mewed
to thrust a pair of scissors into his bead through his cars
and when discovered, it was also found that lie had pre-
viously thrust the slime instrument into his arms, close to the
elbow joints. He was subsequently placed in the Hanwell
Asylum. Since he had been there his conduct had been
rational, end lie was allowed to employ himself in the garden.
He had been visited by his brother since he had been in the
asylum, which appeared to disturb him ; and on Wednesday
he was discovered hanging behind the door of a mum. He
was immediately cut down, hut died after breathing twice.
The Deputy Coroner inquired whether the attendaute had
received any special instructions respecting suicide' patients,
and was informed, that they were always placed in rooms
where there were other patients, which was the greatest
check upon them. The jury being satisfied that no one was
to biome, returned a verdict " 'fhat the deceased hail hanged
himself, being at the tune a patient in the institution."
Tim PoraTo Dlsteesue—Sir : I quite agree with
your correspondent, Dr. A. Thomson, that it is of importance that
every ouggestion for removing tie prevailing disease tintongst pota-
toes should be made public. At the game time, you will no doubt
allow, that it ie important the public should, if possible, know the
value of these suggestions. Itr. Thontoon bast reproduced it theory of
the disease which was much di-mooed during the early part of last
year; viz., that the present state of the potato arises from its Molt-
didual age. Thi. theory assumes, that all plants grown from an in-
dividual red have a particular period of growth and decay: that, like
animals, they perish atter the performance of a certain cycle of func-
hoes There lA, undoubtedly, Knee evidence for the support of this
theory in ta.e death of annual plums, the decay of forest trees, Re.;
but still there is not enough to render the theory . probable as to
lead to any confidence Ls practical measures, flowing frum it, either in
horticulture or agriculture. Many plants have been continued by
cuttings from time immemorial, and have not shown evidence of de-
cay, Even with the potato itself the etiden ris not complete, as the
oldest sorts of potatoes have not been those whirl] have bees rmst
severely affected ; and at the present moment some of the oldest motto
in the country are unaffected. The remedy, Man that motets itself
from the admission of this theory has been tried. Potatoes have been
grown from seeds In various parts of Europe, and have hal thedisease ;
and although in souse instances they hove meals., these in/It-111NA do
not appear to be more numerous than those amongst old sorts of pota-
toes. IZr. Thomson ouppoises that where disease Las occurred in
seedlings, the seed was obtainel from already diseased potatoes.
Cases of disease have been related in which the seed was
obtained from potatoes before the present dismiss appeared;
and a gentle-num slated at sne of the recent meeting, of the British
Association at Southampton that a friend of his hod planted stasis
obtained from the wild plant in Mesleo, and that all the produce
of tie:se seeds were diseased. If we hail not facts o this kind it would
rue unpitil,ophical to infer, without evidence, that the produce of the
seeds of diseased potatoes must give a tendency to the some disease.
No one, I think, can have attentively watched the development of this
terrible visitation, and heard the various muses assigned and remedies
proposed, without feeling that there is no single theory a the cause
offered chit does not fail of proof, and that no one remedy is more
entiled to corfldenetz than another. In this ease we are not assisted
by analogy, for any resemblance that may be found to exist between
this disease and those to which animals are oubjest can only mislead,
if we suppose their Calttles or remedies are the some. Nor have we
analogous eases, as for as l can learn, occurring in the vegetahle kinc-
dora, which, by affording a greater number of facto, and under other
eiresimotaneeo, would enable us to draw definite conclusions. There
is, however, no reason foe despair. A proper collection and arrange-
ment of isolated facts might still develop some general fret that has
hitherto escaped attention, and point to both the source and the
remedy for the disease. The chemist has not yet examined with suf-
ficient care the nature of the inorganic constituents of the Cabers and
leaves of the potato in a stale of health and disease. Eaceptional
case have not tarn examined with that rigorous regard for accuracy
which can alone establish principles whether in vegetable or anitnal
physlology and patbology.—l remain, 5:c., Enwra LA-sursren,

•
RERTS AGRICULTURAL SOCIETY.
On Wednesday the exhibition of stock took place in
a field near Hitchin, belonging to Mr. Willshere, M.P. The
members of the society afterwards dinedtogether in a pavilion
erected in the grounds attached to the Sun Inn. Lord Deere
presided, supported by Sir E. B. Lytton, Bart.. Mr. Cowper,
.M.P., Sir 11. !deux, Mr. Halsey. Di. P., Itc. Mr. Willshere,
M.P., acted es vice-president. Covers were laid for above
300. After the usual toasts " The Bishop and Clergy of the
Diocese" was proposed by Mr. Cowizr, aed respoeded
to by the Rev. J. H. Steel, who expressed a deep interest in
the success of every institution having for its object to pro-
mote the improvement of the social and moral condition of the
labouring classes. He suggested that a prize should next year
be awarded to the late.fursr who should in the interval
spend most money in the education of his children at
school; he would hires lt propose a prize for that purpose. At
present they were not doing much, but they might do much
to improve the social and moral condition of the labourers.
So long as the agricultural population were suffered to re-
main as they were, crowded and huddled together in their
wretched cottage*, they need not wonder at the prevalence
of immorality, fur there were not the means of exercising
the virtues of purity, chastity, and propriety.
Lord Dacaz rose to propose the toast of the evening,
" Success to the Hertz Agricultural Society." He entered
into some arguments and statistic, which, `being elsewhere
quoted and commented upon, need not here be re-
peated. He then asleed, what interests could be mere
enormous or more closely mixed up together. in which
the failure of the one would more inevitably lead to the
ruin of the other, than those of the landowners and tenant-
farmers? Their common and obvious duty was therefore
to unite and combine—he did riot mean politigaly or
unconstitutionally, but honestly and fairly, so that by
mutual intercouse, informati n. and improvement in culti-
vation, they might meet the ditheultßs which might be
contingent with their position and, if not overcome,
might prove fatal to the country. (Hear, hear, hear.)
He would not refer to topics which might irritate or lead to
acrimonious discussion ; but whatever their opinion might be
as to the result of recent measures, there they were with the
lands of Befriend in cultivation—no inferior land thrown out
of cultivation and converted into grass to starve a sparrow—
with the broad lands of England in full, at least, in progres-
sive cultivation—there they were, enabled not only to hold
their own, but to lend a hand te, the sister isle, which, har-
ing neglected the same devotion to land and to tenant rights
—he said particularly tenant rights—was now in a state of
alarming and all but focal destitution. (Cheers.) The
tenants had rights ; they were too spirited not to obtain
them, and, knowing their rights, they dared maintain
them. (Cheers.) To oppress a tenant in England, or re-
duce him to two or three per cent, on his capital, was now
out of the question; as much so as it was to drive the
labourer to subsist Ott potatoes. (Cheers.) He fait con-
fident, therefi:re, in spite of 01l legislation, gno'l or bad,
that the spirit of the agricultural body would overcome
every difficulty, and that they would be enabled to main-
tain their position in face of the competition of the world.
(Cheers) To uphold and perpetuate the true rattions of

landlord and tenant, ha kasw of. no better meas..-
meeting, as the present. •
After some further obssrvations his lorraffiteilliFiffiesern
amidst loud cheers.
Mr. Wtheseette, M.P., proposed the health of "The
Chairman," which was drunk with all threholmalise .
The CHAIRMAN having briefly seknowite;ged the ear'
plimeut,
Sir E. BULwER LYTTON, Bari., before approechieg the
toast which had been placed in his hands, offered his con-
gratulation: to the meeting for having secured the services
of their noble chairman, for the liberal sentiments seed for
the benevolent wisdom he had addressed to them, and to
his lordship, for the satisfactiou he must feel in knowing
that in such an assembly, composed of men of all
parties and opinions, there existed but one sentiment
with regard to him(cheerio); a bentimeut of gratitude for
varied services, of adniiratioa for proved abilities, of rever-
ence for unsullied honour, and of affection for those kindly
and urbane virtues which had never been checked by the
pride of rank, nor embittered by the asperities of party.
(Cheers.) He woo sure he was tittering their feelings, when
he said he hoped, for many and many years, while their
society held its meetings in that town, whatever else might
change or improve, they might keep their chairman as he
was (cheers), a specimen of that breed which no erasing
could improve (cheers), a specimen of the true Engliefi
country gentleman, with a head fit for every business and a
heart filled with every charity. (Cheers.) He thought they
could afford to smile, and without much anger, at the jests
of those very able persons who in the newspapers sometimes
condescended to instruct them on fanning (a laugh); gentle-
men, who were no doubt exceedingly Clever iu a variety of
things, but who he believed would themselves own that they
knew very little about cattle, except so far as related to the
price of beef in their butchers' bills, and little more about
turnips than as seeing them nicely mashed in a dish, as a not
unimportant accompaniment to a boiled leg of mutton. (A
laugh.) They could afford to smile at the jests, and even at
the jesters, so long as they could themselves see more and
more every year the practical utility of such associations, not
only in the progressive improvement of their stock, which
had been universally acknowledged, in their more complete
implemente. and more systematic mode of farming, but,
since after all man is a nobler animal than the fatted 'ex and
prize sheep, in the epread of enlightenment among their
farmers, and the spirit of independence among their labour-
er.. (Cheers.) lie thought the rev. gentleman who spoke
that had done a little injustice to the results of the association,
with respect to the lab niter himself. He was persuaded, from
his own experience, that the m re example of successful
prizemen in a village for good conduct, length of service, or
skill in husbandry, had a very considerable and a very pm.
greasive effect on tee whole neighbourhood. But he entirely
agreed with him, that they must not limit the cases of the
Feociation to this object. Ile agreed with him, that the
twitters w_re hound to du much by their example and
friendly admonition. He agreed with him, that they egret
to do much to render their labourers cottages more comfort-
able, and where there were no allotments to annex to their
cottages a small garden. He thought they were also bound
to make some pecuniary sacrifices, not in the nature of direct
alms, which ought lobe avoided as much as possible, but as
inducements to their labourers to join loan aud benefit socie-
ties, for clothes, fuel, and other things—) hear)—the best
pecuniary sacrifice- Lowe% er, they could make, which would
lee a blessing to those who gave and those who received,
would be some extra work in the winter season. (Cheers.)
But when the rev. gentleman called their rummies. to the
deficiency of education, and proposed a prize to the labourer
who derma the year had spent most money in the education
of his family, Ise thought lie undertook a task which belonged
to the Government. (Cheers.) The faults of the labourer
were the faults of the law ; his virtues were his own.
It was the fault of the law that the labourer had
been left ignorant ; it was the fault of the law
if he hail not been taught in his youth the salve
of independence, the misery of intoxication, the fatal
results of those disorderly habits which might per-
haps commence ha the venial offence of gaming a hare
for love of sport, but led him step after step to the work-
house, the hospital, or the prison. These were the faults not
of the proprietor, not of the labourer, but of the law, in no:
providing a sufficient education for that class of the com-
munity. (Cheers.) The speaker next miseried to claims
due from the landlord to the tenant, and proceeded
to describe the duty of the farmers. Now that
they had no longer high prices to look to, they
were bound to see that the quantity they raised was in-
creased, and with this view he wished that Rime of their
farmers would go over to Ostend and look jute the state of
agriculture in Belgium. They would there see how every
inch of land was put to the most advantage, and they would
be taught to reflect how many corners of their own farms
at home had hitherto been suffered to lie cumaarativi ly waste
and unprofitable. (Cheers.) The toast put into his hands was
one which became the society. It was not agriculture alone,
but " agriculture. manufactures, and commerce" (cheers) :
and he was sure the reception they would give to it would
prove that theirs was not a selfish interest' that they waged
no jealous and barbarous war with other comes which were
sometimes raised in rivalry against them. They were the
children of industry, and held out the right Land of fellow
ship to every calling in which human Intel igence could
reward manly labour. .1.4 Englishmen, they were proud of
that commerce which hail spread their name Crum shore to
allure, and of those manufactures which had subdued the
very elements to the command of science, and made the pro-
gress of England the triumph of civilization (Cheers.)
And they might hope that, as they expressed this sympathy
with others, they would themselves be regarded, not as ene-
mies, hut as friends, when in their turn they came forward
with their claims and expressed their grievances. (Cheers.)
After other hopeful comment on the aspect of affairs,
Sir E. B. Lytton proceeded : He for one was not
disposed to take any very gloomy view of their pros-
peseta. In the first place, he believed in the spirit of
the toast, that the interests of agriculture were the
interests of the kingdom ; and if it were possible by any law
that their welfare could he materially affected, if it were
possible that their gentry could be driven from their halls,
or that their farmers could be checked in the eareer of im-
provemeut, and driven to despair of their capital ; if that
most alarming of all spectacles should arise, a rural popula-
tion demanding work and wanting bread; if such a state of
things should be the result of any law, all England would
arise as one man and craw it from the statute-book. There-
fore, if anxious he was not despondent, while he wit., content
to abide the issue of any experiment which public opinion
might seem imperatively to demand. No man could
late what were the resource!' of the land, what would be the
progress of science, the daily triumphs of ingenuity and die-
°every. The hon. baronet illustrated this by reference to the
history of the silk trade of this country. It was only a few
years since a countrywoman in Hampshire imported the silk-
worm and mulberry plant, and now the produce of her land,
unsurpassed by any in Lyons or Turin, was 91!. Bs. Gd. an
acre. Every day 'added to our experience, and the silk
trade was but a type of the source of all human improve-
ment, namely, acute observation and practical and judicious
experiment. Fur the rest he willingly hoped for the best,
because while danger was distant and evil only apprehended.
it was not its the nature of Englishmen to lie down and
despair; still ley was that the character of the hardy tillers
of the soil, the yeomanry, in whom were to be found the
heart and pith of this great nation. From our rural popu-
lation the strength of our army and navy was drawn; our
rural population peopled our colonies ; and if amidst the
moot hostile climate., and surrounded by a savage race, the
firm foot of the Englishman took root, and his stout arm cleared
the pathway of civilisation to the remotest corners of the
globe, the same spirit would thrive and prosper in spite of
every dieceuragement, however fermi:bible, with which
Englishmen might have to contend when tending their
tlO-ks in an Euglish fold, or gathering Veir harvests under
an English sky. (Laud cheers.)
The health of " the Vice-Chairman, Ur. Willehere, and
of the members of the county," havin been drunk, the
prize!, were distributed. Mr. Hainworthg , a tenant-farmer,
to whom was awarded a piece of plate, value 201., for the
best cultisated ferns, proposed " the givers of the prizes."
He advocate 1 the system of corn rents as the only one that
could be adopted fairly to all parties. The health of " The
successful candidates. ' and of the "Secretary and Trea-
surer,' and " Prosperity to the town of iiitchin," having
been drunk, the meeting separated. •

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