The Express.
London, England, 1851-11-05 00:00:00

" J CeTICE.

" The last message stated that the Assembly was oc-
cupied with three important projects °flaw :
" The first, relative to judicial organisation, is now being
reported.
" The second, in hypothecation, will be immediately
submitted to a third reading, and the people will soon feel
the benefit of the new law.
" The third, on judicial assistance. This law was passed
on the 21rd of January last.
"The uantinistrxtton has left nothinft undone to put this
law into execution. The auxiliary bureaus are now every-
where oren, and the poor as well as the rich can meet their
' rights before the tribunals.
" The law respecting the marriages of the poor has also
been successfully applied.
" The last Message spoke also of projects of law relative
to the rehabilitation of convicts, and the repression of crime
committed by the French in foreign countries. They have
been submitted to the Council of State, which is likewise
occupied with a proposition, emanating from the Initiation
Committee, on the subject of transportation. Great diffi-
culties arose as to the appointment of a place. These seem
to be removed, and the law which is requisite for the peace
of society and the reform of convicts will soon receive the
double examination of the Council of State and the As-

!clubly.
"The administration of juatioe Du been everywhere
prompt and enli3htened.

PUBLIC INSTRUCTION AND WOB-Slf 'P.

" The law of the 15th of March, 1850, on primary instruc-
tion has produced the happieft results. The rectoral ad-
ministration, being brought nearer to the establishments,
and being aided by the concurrence of cantonal delegates,
has exercised a most active aura Nance.
" The faCity granted to the communes, of substituting
in certain eases free schools for public schools, has not di-
minished the number of the latter. . . . .

.......
" The number of communal schools is increasing. At
the time when the law was promulgated it was 31,146; it
is now 34,9:8).
The instruction of girls, so important both for religious
and domestic order, is increasing more and more. In 1810
the communsl sch oh for girls were estimated at 10,171 ;
they are now, in 1811, estimated at 10,142.
" The new law has not been favourable to the free in-
struction of boys. In 1810 there were 4,250 free schools
for boys; there are now only 4,6 V.
"The case is otherwise with the free schools for girls.
In 1810 they amounted to 11,068; in 1801 they amount to
11,378.
" Altogether the primary schools have increased by 806.
" The organisation of public instruction, according to the
basis ;Attie new law, has been entirely completed since lust
year. The academic councils have shown equal firm-
ness and moderation in the exercise of their powers. The
•

superior council placed at the head of the hie.,-rarchy main-
tains a poweful unity, and I fuel justified in sat ing that
freedom of instruction, which ha• bccn developed in a re-
markable manner, is without danger, because it will be
confined within proper limits.
" In the transition from the old university regime to a
regime of liberty, many situations which have been honour-
ably and painfully acquired are now threatened. However,
modest functionaries who have been removed from their
career by the force of events ought net to lose the reward
for past service-.. A proposition on this subject will be laid
before you, and I have no doubt you will co-operate in the
work of just reparation.
" The creation of three bishoprics in the Antilles and in
the Island of Reunion has now taken place. The bishops
have taken possession of their sees, and the salutary influence
at Martinique, Reunion, and Guadeloupe enable us to
judge of the advantage that would arise front the appoint-
ment of a more numerous clergy. Some expenses will be in-
dispensable for the foundation of seminary colleges, already
authorised in principle by the organic decree of the colonial
bishops. You will, I think, perceive the utility of carrying
out, without too much delay, a work so happily begun.
The National Astembly, by receiving the demand of the
Minister of Public Worship in favour of diocesan edifices
has not only proved its intent in our great monuments, but
has also wished to show its anxiety for the requisitions of
religion. Moreover, by adhering to this generous disposition,
it wi'd form the opening of vast rtiaiers in those depart-
ments where the position of the working classes threatens
to become very painful.
The non-catholic sects have also their due share in the
care of the government.

"Wks.

"The general effective land forte consisted on the Ist of
October only of 387,519 men and 84,306 horses. If circum-
stances present no obstacle this effective force will be brought
within the budgetary limits of 18.52, which reduce it to
377,130 men and 83,455 horses. No fresh supplementary
credit will be necessary for 1851. The credits granted
by the budget of 1851 have allowed to be organised
this year 231 new brigades of gendarmerie. The
creation of 230 more will take place in 1852, and the increase
of expenditure which will accrue from this source will be
more than compensated by the reductions operated in the
affective force of other antis. Several bills concerning the
organisation of the skeletons of regiments, recruiting, and
the pensions to he granted to non-commissioned officers and
privates, thave been for some time past submitted to the
consideration of the Legislative Assembly. The army waits
for their adoption with justifiable impatience. We hope that
it will not be long ere they are discussed and voted by the
Assembly.
" You are aware of the importance of the military opera-
tions of last spring in the eastern portion of Kabylia, and
the success which, during 80 days' march crowned the bril-
liant valour of our troops, under the command of a general
whom my confidence had called to the Ministry of War.
The subjugation of the tribes of the lljidjelli circle, the pa
cification of the valley of Loused Saliel, the extension of the
oil trade, supplied by the Kabyles, such are the happy re-
sults of this campaign. Of 1,145 tribes proved to exist in
Algeria, 1,100 have acknowledged the sovereignty of France,
and those which still withdraw themselves from it are the
most poor and distantly located.
" The army, after having vanquished the Arabs, applied
itself to civilise them, by modifying their social habits.
Thus, under the inspiration of our officers, has been seen to
spring up all that could reveal a well-established state of
progress; edifices, numerous houses, extensive plantations,
new staples of agriculture, dams and bridges across rivers,
caravanserais on the roads of communication, the organisa-
tion of public schools, and the healing art introduced among
a people decimated by sickness. Although fanatic passion.
have not yet been entirely disarmed, there is forming
•insee the Arabs • wise party, capable of appreciating
Ifide veritable interest, and ready to second our efforts.
The recent naming of several enactments specially re-
ferring to Algeria has powerfully contributed to assist the
work of colonisation. The law of the 16th of June, 1851,
ea the iseastitution of property—that of the 11th of January
commercial transactions—that of the 4th of
Amp* establishing a bank of discount, circulation, sad
&pit—lastly, the decree of April 28, introducing amend-
ments shown by experience to be necessary, have facilitated
the concesaions of land. In conclusion, although the general
situation of Algeria is far from being alarming ; it has,
nevertheless, become complicated in certain points, such
as the valley of Laden, on account of the attempted
insurrection of Bon-Barghla, the province of Algiers, on
"An administrative ordinance with respect to benefit account of the religious agitation; and the frontier of Mo-
societies has been published, in execution of the law of the recce, on account of the excitement among the savage and
15th of July, 18.30. It allows them the most perfect liberty, warlike tribes by which it is occupied.
excepting as to the necessary guarantees. The report re- " NAVY.
quired by the law will show how far these societies contri- " Confined within the limits of a sufficiently restricted
bate to the improvement of the industrious classes. budget, our navy has nevertheless shown itself able to pro