The Express.
London, England, 1851-09-01 00:00:00

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LONDON, MONDAY, SEPTEMBER 1.

SCARCELY & week paws without the occurrence
of events which in the eyes of the advocates for the
revival of synodal action in matters ecclesiastical, tell
conclusively in favour of the restoration of convoca-
tion, but which in the eyes of those who, like our-
selves, entertain different opinions as to the nature
and operation of the church, furnish irresistible ar-
guments against the restoration. Leaving history
out of the question, which in language that those
who run may read proves that the abolition of con-
vocation was necessary to the preservation of the
Church of England, and that no church
could have long maintained an integral ex-
istence while subject internally to such fear-
ful shocks as those occasioned by the scan-
dalous affrays in the two houses of convocation,
in the reigns of King WILLIAM and Queen ANNE,
—leaving the historical argument untouched, we are
prepared to show that the yermiasion for convocation
to resume its ancient functions would be immediately
productive of the greatest disorders, and would ulti-
mately result in the disruption and dissolution of the
church. We will for the present content ourselves
with drawing attention to two recent occurrences,
which throw some light on this subject.
The first case is that of the Rev. CnARLES MILLER,
vicar of 'Harlow, who writes to the Guardian, en-
closing a petition to the House of Commons on the
subject of the offertory. This petition embodies the
opinion of Mr. MILLER, enunciated in his letter,
that the church, as a divine and sacred institution,
can under no circumstances avail herself of the pro-
duce of secular taxes. The following are a few ex-
tracts from this document :
That your petitioner heartily subscribes to the principle
that the priesthood and civil government are gift of Clod.
That all religions require pecuniary saentices to some
God, not as voluntary gifts, but as voluntary ads of
seers/tip.
That pecuniary sacrifices to the true God are required by
Christianity, and that they muse be eared by all who
would secure to themselves a title to its promises sad
hiesaings.
That the English church is so far faithful to her trust
that she retains the principle of pecuniary sacrifice in her
ollfertury ; but, to speak generally, the bishops and the other
clergy do not use this hart of the church service nor explain
its nature, but substitute for it human tradition', such as
Queen's letters, speeches on platforms, and advertisements
is newspapers, &c.
That although it is the ditty of your honourable house u
the parliament of a Christian Sovereign to feel deeply the
spintual distresses of the people, and although the mere
voluntary principle, orsviciety system, is proving itself in-
competent to relieve them, hut that for your honourable
house to make grants of state money to the church is con-
trary to sound policy for four especial reasons :
Firstly. Because it is to forget that the church, as a
Direst onstitutioit, must eostaiii within itself such pecuniary
resources as may to n,ressarr, to carry out the purposes for
which it was established in the world. • • •

Thinlly. Because it is to confirm the bishop and the other
clergy in the dangerous error of nuppoling that in deference
M modern custom they may continue to leave out the offer-
tory service of the church, and absolve Christians from the
duty of worshipping Gm( with Meir money.
Fourthly. Because, if, following the spirit of the times,we
substitute state money for the sacred scheme which God him-
self Alts established fur the endowment of the church, we
lose all right to retain any of the distinctive principles of
Christianity when they chance to be at variance with public
opinion.
• -

Theae extracts arc rather long, but we wished to
give Mr. MILLER the opportunity of explaining him-
self on the subject of the " divinely appointed system
of pecuniary sacrifice as a religious duty." Less
space will be required to exhibit the "peculiar fea-
tures" of the second case.

allow
into host.
entrusting
different opinions

raising
highest tribunal in the eatiatry. There me grounds
for supposing that tiny *slit do so with some hope
of success. The 4th Mb& of the constitution is
express that "No man .fail be withdrawn from his
natural judges. No cesakinioes or extraordinary
tribunals can be created under any title or denomina-
tion whatsoever." True it is that the Lyons court-
martial sat by virtue of a law passed by the present
Assembly ; bat there is a precedent, very much in
point, for holding that the Court of Cessation is
competent to declare a particular law uncon-
stitutional, and therefore null and void. In
1832 Geoffroy, a civilian, was condemned to
death by a court-martial in Paris, by virtue
of specified articles in full force in the penal code.
M. Odilon Barrot argued before the Court of Cessa-
tion that the law under which Geoffrey had been
tried was contrary to the charter of 1830. The arti-
cle of the charter applicable to the case was precisely
to the effect, and nearly in the words, of the 4th ar-
ticle of the constitution. The Court of Cessation de-
livered a famous judgment, in which they declared
that members of a court-martial were not the ordinary
judges of persons who were not soldiers, and that a
court-martial was, with respect to them, the extra-
ordinary tribunal expressly prohibited by the char-
ter, and they quashed the sentence.
A court-martial sat in Paris on Friday, for the
trial of Capt. Fourchard, aide-de-coin) to General
Billet, commanding the 4th sub-division, secused of,
assaulting a brazier, and beating him with a horse-
whip, in the court-yard of the Hotel de France, at
Melon. The officer, a chef-de-bataillon, who con-
ducted the prosecution, stated that the captain was a
brave and meritorious officer, but that he was of a hot
temper, and had the misfortune to fancy that he saw
in every ill-dressed person an enemy of society. In
'us instance, the only provocation imputed to the
brazier—who had no business at the hotel—was that
he approached too near the person of the offi-
cer, and refused to go away when ordercd.l
Fourchaud called upon the court to acquit him.
21t- t, mintained that he had done nothing but what
Win 136 to maintain the dignity of his own
'hand, 7r. He also said that the brazier would have
put up vith the flogging if be had not been insti-
gated to complain by the Mayor of Melon. The court
found the captain guilty, and sentenced him to pay
a fine of 84,.. and the costs of the proceedings.,

SPAIN.

MADRID, Auo. 26.

(ieneral Nai-vaez f expected immediately in An-
dalusia, but he will not come to Mathirl before the
assembling of the Cortee,
The Herat& has been again seized.
Private correspondence from Las Tuns* and from
Nuevitas is agreed in describing the Cubs affair as
nothing more than a riot

22nd,
har-

as follows :

despatch
which is

" New York, Aug. 21.
" There is a steady business doing in cotton, at
firmer prices; and more doing in Sour, also at pre-
vious quotations. The market for Indian Corn is
better. Government Securities are fair, but fancy
stocks continue dull; United States Loan Six per
Cents., 1856, are quoted, 1041; ditto, 62's, 110. The
steamer Union, four days out from San Francisco,
was wrecked in the Bay of St. Quentin ; she had on
board gold to the amount of 1.500,000 dollars, of
which only 219,004 were saved. The steamer, Win-
field Scott, brings the report that Lopez had landed
with 450 men at Cubanos, forty miles from Havana,
but the accuracy of the report is considered very
doubtful."

On the 23th the Europa passed the English ship
Superior, in let. 49.00 N., long. 43.30 W., standing
to the westward ; and, at 9 p.m. last evening, the
R.M. steam-ship Niagara, off Holyhead. The Canada
arrived at Halitax on the 18th instant.

Several important elections in different states of
the Union have lately been decided. In Kentucky,
according to the most authentic recent accounts, Mr.
Powell, the opposition candidate for governor, is I
elected by a small majority. Mr. Thompson, the
whig nominee for lieutenant-governor, has gamed
his election by a majority of 600 or 700 votes. A
congressional election has taken place in Arkansas,
from which wo have received only a few scattered re-
turns. These show that the contest has been quite
close. In Alabama, two secessionists and five union
candidates have been elected to congress. In Ten-
nessee, the whig triumph is complete. In North
Carolina, as far as heard from, the whigs have five
and the opposition three in the congressional dele-
gation. In Indiana, the whigs have two and the op-
position eight.
The following is our correspondent's letter :
NEW YORK, Ave.l9.
Our news from Cuba continues to be very contra-
dictory. By the Childe Harold, just arrived at thin
port, we have dates to the Bth inst. So we have by
another arrival at Charleston. The intelligence from
Havana is to the effect that the patriots have been
completely overthrown and their principal leaders
made prisoners. On the other hand, an intelligent
friend of mine who has arrived in the Childs Ilarold
says the whole island is in a state of insurrection,
that the people only want leaders to rise en masse,
and that the moment Lopez makes his appearance
the island of Cuba may be considered free.
On looking over the various telegraphic despatches
which have reached us this morning, I should come
to the conclusion that nearly the whole of Cuba, with
the exception of the Cuba and Matanzas districts,
was in a state of insurrection. Judging solely from
the Havana papers, we should suppose the revolu-
tion crushed..
The Faro of the 3rd contain.. -
governor, stating, "-

The Faro, of the 3rd contains a proclamation of the
vernor, stating that ho had received advice, from
central and eastern departments of the island,
where the meet complete traistuillity prevailed; that
on the 26th ult, Don Joaquin Aguero y AMMO, to-
gether with the five persons who surrendered with
him, had, well gnardul, urrivaLat Puerto Principe;
that in the deftstt and dispersiut which had befallen
the party of Annonteres, mans• had been emitted
or had given the:melee* up.
The Captain-General also says that Armeneeros
himself bad thrown himself at the feet of the Com-
mandant of the Regiment of Tarragona, 1). Jose
Maria Espinosa, praying fin pardon. Moreover, that
in all the parts of the island, hiterto reported dis-
affected, or wherever tho rebels had shown them-
selves, the inhabittsits were rising by thousands,
armed,. equipped, aid offering their services to the
government.

In the Ihre.of the 7th is another pronunciamento,
announcing the recetion of a communication from
the Ccionel-GOvernm •of Cionfuegort. and dated the
2nd. The colonel re ports all quiet,. and that the
people had organised themselves for the defence of
the government.
The all vannala News contains a letter. from Jack.

sonville (where a vowel had arrived from Cardenas),
ehich rays it was reported, in the latter place, that
the government•troops- had had several.encounters
with the patriots. Onorof emne importance, in which
' the latter had. completely routed the Spaniards,
killing 100 men and capturing 14 pieces of artalkey.
It also confirms the rising el Villa Clara, Trinidad,
Santia./9, and l'inal dclitio. So there only remains
Ito the Spanish.: government Havana and Matanzas
in the western department.
Thc. Charleston News says "The steamerWm-Gas-
ton has arrived, from Florida. We learn that on
Monday even inclast„ the 1 Lai instant,. a brig arrived
at Jacksonville from Cardenas in five days, and re-
ports. that all the previous accounts published of the
success of the patriots over the_ Stmuish troops are
correct ; that the patriots are daily increasing in
numbers, and. are sanguine of success. They have
possession of many strong places, and are well sup-
plied with arms any ammunition. They were daily
awaiting the landing of General Lopez at some point
en the island, wham there would be a general rising
I of the people."
In a few days more wo shall have a direct arrival
from Havana, and then we shall be able to judge
better of the true state of the case.

By the harps Brazilian, arrived at this port
from Vera Cruz, we have dates from the city of
Mexico to the 12th of July, and from Mexico to
the 17th.

At Vera Cruz there was nothing of note stirring,
and, as is usual, no business of conseqr,ence doing,
though the place was remarkably hea'.thy for this
season of the year.
An American officer, Col. Itamsay, iii endeavouring
to interest the Mexican government in the construc-
tion of a stage route between Acapulco and Vera
Cruz, and has magnificent promise* in his favour.
The following summary of news is from Mr. Con-
ner, who came out in the Brazil:, an with despatches
for our government:
Mesas. Glover and Mather, forr aerly merchants at Sal-
tillo, whose property, to the amow.it of sixty thousand dol-
lars, was seized and confiscated by the Mexican government,
are still at the capital. The pr operty consisted of specie,
which, was seized under a feign ed violation of the revenue
law. The whole proceedings c.f the Mexican authorities in
this matter were in open viola' don of all the laws of honesty
or justice.
Mr. L. S. Hargons' dal' m from the government for
moneys expended in fitting . vii vessels, and other work done
for the republic, is as for fr om being settled as ever.
The Congress, now in or anion, passed a law for the esta-
blishment ot four military colonies on the Isthmus of Tehu-
antepec, the object of • ihich can readily be understood.
One of the stations is V.O be placed at the month of the
Coatzacoalcoas ; the others at Alinatitlan, and one at
Tehuantepec. The la, .t British mail steamer left Vera Crus
without any specie : and it is said in consequence of a letter
from the represents' ,ive upon the matter, that the extra ses-
sion of the deputic a had been convened. There were no
American vessels, it Vera Cruz.
Additional tau Akins have been placed upon specie. The
law as it now exists, exacta eighteen per cent. from every
dollar that leave a the country. This includes a duty of four
per cent. for tb' ~ privilege of circulating it, and eight per
cent. is a cone amption duty.
The old syir ,em of banditti, or robbers, it still in existence
through the country. The diligence is plundered by armed
bands at les at twice a week, rendering it exceedingly unsafe
to travel w',th valuables or money. Americans, it is said,
are widow, i molested, more through fear than any love or
respect Ole robbers have for them.
The "Tehuantepec treaty seems to be settled in the minds
of the people, and will not be resigned. Some, more en-
lightened than others, regret that the compact was not fully
carvi.ed out.
:he financial affairs of Mexico are in a bad condition.
Things look very unfavourably for the republic.
The coat of the schooner Helen Mar,aeized some four months
lance, at Alinatitlan, by an order from the military governor
of Jalapa, is yet undecided, and the owners, who are not
wealthy, are compelled to remain unemployed in the coun-
try. She was seized without the sha low of right, and is
now, we understand, even before the matter has been adju-
dicated, manned by Mexicans, and sailing under their
colours as a passenger vessel. This is only one of a hundred
outrages upon American citizens, perpetrated daily by the
Mexicans, and tolerated by our ministers and representa-
tives.
The Prussian minister and suite, who were wrecked near
Vera Cruz, had taken up his quarters with his family at
Jalapa, where he would Malkin for a few months.
The chdcra was still harighig about portions of Mexico.
At the last accounts it was soaking serious havoc in the city
of Guadalajara.

IFor markets me last page.]

il.

CANADA.

A special committee of the Canadian legislature
have reported on the Seignorial Tenure, that no plan
of communication can be determined on until the re-

spective rights of the seignors and tenants shall be
legally defined, many burdens being now imposed on
the tenants which are wholly unauthorised by law.
The present parliament, which is now near the close
of tho session, will probably expire without taking
any steps to abolish the feudal system, which exists
to a great extent in Lower Canada. The moderate
reformers and the radical progressives have so far
coalesced as to unite the suffrage of the former liberal
party at the next elections. The estimates have all
been rated, including grants for duplicate governors,
residences at Toronto and Quebec. The government
resolutions for appropriating 16,000,000 dollars to-
wards building the Grand Trunk Railroad through
Canada and New Brunswick to Halifax has been
adopted by the legislature. There is now little doubt
that the enterprise will be prosecuted to a successful
issue.

The law of primogeniture in the succession of real
estate has at length been abolished in Upper Canada.
This is the most democratic measure that has been
d during the present parliament, and it cannot
exert a highly beneficial influence on the
future condition of the province. A set of resolu-
tions has been passed granting 50 acres of land each
to certain companies of enrolled military pensioners
from England, whom it is intended to station in
different parts of the province. It is intended that
they shall be ready to act as a local police, and also
to be employed on the public works.
The Kingston papers give an account of a dreadful
casualty, by which nineteen persons were lost. It
was caused by the upsetting of a boat containing
thirty-five persons who were returning from a pic-
nic excursion.

I. -• THE.EXPRESS, MONDAY EVE;;
,SEPTEMBER 1, I
\ A
We mart then, and with due4l4ol, to oath Milk. ' .13.
ollintirl67ol' be re. - . • AMERICA.
sal friends who dissent from these is no sari • out num& tern-
rality in the insertion that t E tote ' 4 Tbe _ mime law desigdates the Theßoyal Mail steamer Europa, Captain E.G. Lott,
not in a position to claim,iv , 6 el'iowed It Valley , IC the Magmas Islands, as the arrived at Liverpool yesterday,at half-past 3,a.m.,with
in ,eisek• ewes. •Thither, the mails froze the United States, Canada, &c., 46
re4ious donorainations-ltee 4#01114, actions' . p
results of the synodal deliberetkins of other mete the ; t Illio 'hut three short years ago was paseugers, and about 50,000 dollars specie on
affect, but yen remotely and slightly, the welfare of a member of the Constituent Asessobly), Ode, and ffreeight. The Europa
mil left Boston on the 19th
.the body_palinc. Tbe.shiudi est gialsnickqn the Lonimsanzino, will be Lleen mien the Court of instant at noon,_ and arrived at Halifax on the 22nd,
contrary, by virtue din magnitude and its relation --AWE—
to the state, cannot be convulsed without not.: yet. knows the . same disdain- hoer for several hours by dense fog ; she sailed from
emitting the nano t gni Air -AM,- 4me Inl=-Suilia. - whis
.k--pniiia.- them renounce their thence at 9 a.m., after having landed and received
perfect right to guard . • the possibility ' defence before . the . court -martial will prevent passengers and mails, and also a telegraphic despatch
of such convulsions. When body of the them from raising a • legal question before the from New York of the evening of the 21st, which is
clergy and of churchmen have come to something highest tribunal in the country. There are grounds as follows :
like unity on the 'nature of the church and ot.hee• for supposingthat they might do so with some hope " New York, Aug. 21.
leading principles, then it will be not only safe, bat of success. The 4th article of the constitution is " There is a steady business doing in cotton, at
fair to allow the meeting of convocation to settle express that "No man shall be withdrawn from his firmer prices; and more doing in flour, also at pre-
matters of organisation. While, however, Mr: natural judges. No commissions or extraordinary vious quotations. The market for Indian Corn is
Mitten believes and acts as if he, according to the tribunals can be created under any title or denomina- better. Government Securities are fair, but fancy
Rom theory, stood "in loco Dei r while the lion whatsoever." True it is that the Lyons court- stocks continue dull ; United States Loan Six per
bishop coonidas• that ho is simply the first officer in martial sat by virtue of a law passed by the present Cents., 1858, are quoted, 1041; ditto, 62's, 110. The
an assembly of .Christians, we should be wrong to Assembly; but there is a precedent, very much in steamer Union, four days out from San Francisco,
allow the two perth s which they represent to come point, for holding that the Court of Cessation is was wrecked in the Bay of St. Quentin ; she had on
'
into hostile collision. We should as soon think of competent to declare a particular law moon- board gold to the amount of 1.500,000 dollars, of
entrusting our locomotives to engineers who held stitutional, and therefore null and void. In which only 219,000 were saved. The steamer, Win-
different opinions on the theory of the safety-valve. 1832 Geoffrey. a civilian, was condemned to field Scott, brings the report that Lopez had landed