The Express.
London, England, 1847-11-29 00:00:00

SURRENDER OF LUCERNE.

Lucerne has fallen ! The army of the confedera-
tion, under General Dufour, advanoed against it on
the 22nd, from four points. Fierce resistance was
offered to the corps of- Ochsenbein, whose artillery,
however, soon repulsed the Lucernese. But the most
important engagements took place north of Lucerne,
where General Gmur attacked the bridge of Gis-
likon, and carried it, together with the fortified po-
sition', of Roth and Dierikon, forcing his way by the
evening of the 23rd, to the very gates of Lucerne.
That evening, says the Basle Gazette, a deputation
from Lucerne arrived at the head-quarters of Gen.
Dufour, at Smis, a town on the Reims, a few miles
from Lucerne, with propositions for a capitulation.
The general answered that it wee too late, and de-
manded the unconditional submission of the city.
This submission was consented to on the morning of
the 24th, and the federal troops marched into the
town.
On the 23rd General Dufour sent a despatch to the
President of the Vorort, announcing his success. The
landsturm of Lucerne disbanded on the 23rd. At
Berne, in the canton of Lucerne, the troops of the ems.
federation were received with welcome and oaths-'
siasm, the white flag being hoisted. On the 23rd, a
division of the federal troops, under General Keller,
marched into Schwytz and occupied Schalebach,
Reichenbourg, and Siebnen, the landsturm disbanding,
and the authoritiesof the districteapitulating. The same
took place in the town of Zug. It is evident, from all
these accounts, that the troops of the Sonderbund
made after all no very obstinate resistance, and that
its reduction has been effected with a very trifling loss
of either life or property.
The following account is given by the Zurich
Gazette of the 29th of the events of the 23rd :
The troops of the Sonderbund evacuated Surges and re- I
treated towards Lucerne. At Orasawangen the light of a
fire was observed. Colonel Ochseobein marched from thence
towards Russwyl. Yesterday, at ten o'clock, the hostilities
commenced on the frontier between Zug and Lucerne, near
the bridge of Oislek, and lasted till four p.m. The Soader-
bond troops had taken up a very strong position in the defile
towards the bridge, and Rear the Rothenburg. The brigade
feller received orders to turn this mountain by Broom and
Riseb, while troops from Schaam, detached from the bridge I
of Dietwyl, were attacking the Rothenburg, and while toe
defiles were being forced by the aid of other troops and by
several batteries of artillery . During the attack two
houses of the village of Ronan were set on fire by
shells. On the Rothenburg the federal troops set fire
to a house from which persons had discharged their
fire arms. A brisk cannonade was constantly heard.
About four o'clock the Sonderbund evacuated the
heights of the mountains. The !der brigade had attacked
them in the rear, sad, as considerable masses of troops were
advancing en the other side of the Reuss, the federal troops
advanced by the bridge of Dudek, and crossed the narrow
defile as far as Roth. Many have been killed and wounded
on both sides. The battalion Drummer rendered itself con-
spicuous at Meyers-Rappel, in a combat with an enemy
superior in numbers ; they had two killed, and about twelve
wounded. The loss of the enemy is said to have been more
considerable. Several prisoners were taken yesterday, among
whom were five schwytzois, who have been led off to Zurich.
Yesterday evening the federal troops advanced as far as
Meggem. It was reported at Zug, that, in the combats of
yesterday, the federal troops had lost fifteen men, and had
had from forty to fifty_ disabled. In the course of the last
night, the Doyen Schhumpf was brought prisoner from
Steinhausen to Zug.

The French news of Friday and Saturday is not

important.
Louis Philippe celebrated, in the midst of his nu-
merous family, on Thursday, at St. Cloud, the thirty-
eighth anniversary of his marriage. A performance
was given in the theatre of the château on the occa-
sion, by the company of the Opera Comique.
The report that M. Napoleon Duch&tel (brother of
the minister of the interior) had been appointed to
one of the vacant embassies is contradicted. The em-
bassies now at the disposal of King Louis Philippe
and M. Guizot are those of Turin, Naples, Lisbon, and
Madrid. The Duke de Glncksberg (a youth of five-
and-twenty) has never been regarded otherwise than
interim minister at Madrid.
The Moniteur publishes the official return of the
French customs for the last month. The receipts for
import duties are stated at 12,036,084 fr.; in October,
1846, they were 14,055, 655 fr., and in October, 1845,
14,398,465 fr. The diminution is principally in cot-
ton, wool, threads, English cast iron and coals, olive
oil, linseed, and foreign sugar.
A reform banquet, on the largest scale witnessed
since that of the Chateau Rouge, wok place at Lyons,
on Tuesday. Sixteen hundred persons assembled in
the Coliseum, and, had a building more spacious still
been available, more than twice that number would
have united in this manifestation. The president on
the occasion was M. Alcock, counsellor of the Cour
Royale of Lyons. All the usual toasts were drank.
The health of the King was omitted.
The Council General of the Seine bas just recorded
a resolution adverse to the principle of free trade, and
in favour of a system of protection.

The despatches and joernsla cif Madrid, from the
20th to the 22nd inclusive, have arrived. General de
la Conetllt had refused the embassy to Paris which
was offered him by Narvaez. The Union Bank re-
sumed its payments on the 19th. The Espanol says
that a reasonable hope may be entertained that the
bank will speedily repair the losses it suffered by the
dishonest acts of one of its partners. General Serrano
arrived at Grenada on the 18th.
The Queen's fête was celebrated oa the 19th with
all the usual rejoicincsees.Deputations from both
chambers presented addresses. One of the most pre-
valent political topics of the day is the proposed im-
peachment of M. Salamanca, end the probable revela-
tions which that ex-minister will make in the
retaliatory part of his defence. The Clamor Publico
says that great efforts have been made to induce him
to refrain from making certain disclosures which
would seriously compromise persons holding exalted
stations.
The address proposed in the Chamber of Deputies,
in answer to the royal speech, was unimportant, ex-
cept the last paragraph, which contains a censure on
the ministries of Pacheco and Goyena.
In the Chamber of Deputies, on the 20th, a demand
on the government for papers relative to the pay-
ments to the royal household, and other matters in
which M. Salamanca is mixed up, was unanimously
agreed to be made. The demand was presented in
the name of M. Pidal, M. Gonzales Bravo, and other
deputies. M. Salamanca entered into some brief ex-
planations on the different documents demanded,
insisted that his conduct had been perfectly honour-
able and straightforward in every respect, requested
that strict justice should be done him, declared that
he accepted the responsibility of all his acts, and
ended by saying that, for his part, he supported the
demand for the papers. His speech is allowed to
have been a very able one, and even the Espanol,
which has been his bitterest assailant, expresses a
sort of admiration of the talent, self-possession, and
energy he displayed.
A Lisbon letter, of the 18th, addressed to the Espa-
nol, of Madrid, states that the ministerial crisis had
terminated, and that the ministers who bad offered
their resignations would continue in office until the
meeting of the Cortes.

The journals and correspondence of Rome of the
16th and 17th are filled with interesting details of
the ceremony of opening the new council of state at
the Vatican. The speech delivered by the Pope, and
said to have been improvised, was the subject of uni-
versal comment and unmixed approbation. The fol-
lowing is the report of this address, supplied by an
ear-witness, and as it is published in the official jour-
nal. it may be considered as being sanctioned by his
holiness:
I thank you for your good intentions, and appreciate them
as tending to the public good. It has been with a view to
the public good that, from the first moment of my being
raised to the pontifical throne, I have done, under the in-
spiration of God, all that I have been able to do ; and I am
ready, by God's usistanee, to do as moth in future, with-
out, however, in anywise retrentitiog the sovereignty
of the pontificate, as I have received it full and entire
from my predecessors, so that I may in like manner trans-
mit it to my successors. I have for my witnesses my three

millions of subjects—l have all lineups for a witness of what
I have hitherto done to bring my subjects near to me, and
unite myealf with them, that I might become acquainted
with their wants, and make provision for them. It is with
the object ef better knowing these wants, and providing for
the exigencies of the public welfare, that I have united yon
in a permanent council—it is to listen, in case of need, to
your advice, and avail myself of in aid In sty sovereign reso-
lutions, in which I shall consult my own conscience, and con-
fer upon it with my ministers and the sacred college. He
will deceive himself greatly who shall see la the Consults di
Stem, which I have just crested, a realisation of his own
Utopian notions, or the germ of an institution incompatible
with the pontifical (sovereignty. His holiness, having deli-
vered these words with some warmth of emphasis, paused
an instant, and then, resuming his natural mildness, con-
tinued to the following effect ..—These words are not ad-
dressed to any of you, whose social education and Christian
and civil probity, as well as the loyalty and rectitude of your
intentions, were known to me from the moment at which I
proceeded to your election. Neither do these word* apply
to the mem of my subjects, for I am sure of their fidelity and
obedience. I know that the hearts of my subjects are united
with mine in the love of order and concord. But, unfor-
tunately, there exist some persons (small in number, it is
true, still they do exist), who, having nothing to lose, are
fend of disorder and revolt, and even abuse concessions. It
is to them that these words are addressed—lit them well con-
sider their signification. In the co-operation of the depu-
ties, I see only a firm support from persons who, divesting
themselves of ail private interests, will labour with me, by
their councils, for the public good, and who will not be
stopped by the vain words of restless and injudicious men.
You will aid me with your wisdom to find that which is
most necessary for the security of the throne and for the
real happiness of my subjects.
Having concluded his speech, the holy father ad-
mitted the deputies singly to kiss his feet. He then
rose, and gave them his benediction, adding that he
enjoined them to commence their labours with the
aseistance of God, and that he was sure that their
endeavours would be fruitful in good results, and
that they would fulfil the wishes of his heart.

FRANCE—INFLUENZA AT MARSElLLES.—lndivi-
duals arriving from Marseilles inform us that, upon a popu-
lation of 160,000 souls, the half at least is confined to bed
through the influenza, which has broken out in this town
within the last week. Persons of an apprehensive nature—
and Marseilles is full of such—remembering that the in-
fluenza preceded the cholera morbus, and reading in the
journals the new itinerary of the Asiatic scourge, feel their
terrors increase, though the pliant epidemic a as inoffen-
sive as the former one, A veryThrious fact connected with
the influenza at Marseilles is, that the Luxor, a steamer from
Alexandria to Marseilles, arrived in Egypt having the in-
fl on board. Its progress was such that the steamer
could not continue its voyage as far as Syria.—La Prene.
We hear from Orleans that the Loire has not been
so low as it is this winter for upwards of 22 years. Want of
water prevents all sail navigation, and the erdrepif of Orleans
is consequently empty.

BRUSSELS.—CHASIBER OP REPRESETATIVES.—
The Chamber of Representatives has definitively adopted the
project of law relative to the modifications of the postal
regime. M. Cosel presented the report of the central sec-
tion on the budget of the public debt—the chamber has fixed
the discussion at the clo.e of that of the budget for foreign
affairs and the marine, which stands as the order of the day
for Monday. The Minister of Finance presented a demand
for a supplementary loan of 160,0721. for the budget of
foreign affairs, to be applied to the army for 1847, and pre.
'lonely two sections have named their reports for the pro-
jects of law, which opens a credit of 500,000 f., demanded by
the minister of the interior for the interest of Flanders, and
the cantons of Hainault and Brabant.
GERMANY.—AUSTRIA.—VIENNA, Nov. 16.
HUNGARIAN Dray.—A Vienna letter of the 18th, in the
German Journal of Frankfort, says : " The representatives
of the magnates and the elate of the Hungarian nation have
remarked with interest the presence at the Diet of the Em-
peror surrounded solely by Hungarian counsellors. The
Prince of Metternich and the Minister of State, Count de
Kollowrath, were not, as has hitherto been the case, by the
side of his Majesty. This circumstance created a powerful
sensation in the opporitioo, which regards so enemies all
ministers of German origin. Thus the Hungarian Diet has
opened under happy auspices, and favourable results are an-
ticlpated."
YRUSSIA.—MEETIKO OP THE BERLIN DELE-
OATEB.—The first public sitting of the council of delegates at
Berlin attracted great numbers of spectators. The sitting was
opened with some solemnities. The delegates and the mem-
bers of the regency were all decorated with the insignia of
their functions. The president of the provinces and of the
police, as well as the Ministers of Finance and of War, and
several other high functionaries, were present. The debates
were confined exclusively to local questions They were
followed by a dinner, at which about 600 persons were
present.
MENDELSSOIIN THE COMPOSER.—TheGerman jour-
nals give very interesting particulars relative to the death of
the celebrated Mendelssobn. Mendelssohn was brought up
with a sister, who married an artist of the name of Hammel.
He himself married, about ten years ago, the daughter of •
senator of Frankfort. These two families were inseparable.
Mendelssohn, and his sister Fanny Haensel, formed but one
soul. This remarkable woman was herself a good composer,
and directed the first steps of her brother m his musical
career. About nine months ago Fanny Menzel composed a
symphony, the performance of which she conducted herself.
At the commencement of the fifth part Madame Hammel
dropped dead of an apopletic fit. Since that time M. Men-
delssohn wandered about like a shadow among the living. In
a letter addressed to his wife he says : "Our common soul
has taken her flight to Heaven. I greatly fear I shall shortly
go to meet her, for Fanny always promised she would come
' and take me from this world, should she die before me."
, Two months after Mendelssohn died of an apoptetic fit.
, The Augsburg Gazette states that the cholera has
appeared in two villages, Schmalenisgkea and Georgenburg,
on the Prussian and Russian frontiers.
- •

RUSSlA.—Moseow, Nov. 12.—We know nothing
certain relative to the number of persons who have fallen
victims here to the cholera. If we can trust to official docu-
ments, they have never exceeded 100 per day, even in the
most dreadful days. But physicians say that the mortality
has been very great. At one time there was a report that
the theatres were to be closed, especially those the most
proper to attract crowds. Upon macula reflection the
theatres bare continued open. The season is exactly similar
to that of 1830, the year when the cholera made its first ap-
pearance. We are now at the end of October (Russiao
le )andwelehad a butp.itwo nights ht:
of
mere veryri slightLcig frost.
We go out without
and are even thus inconvenienced by the haat. The same
frequency of aurora borealis and other meteorological phe-
nomena are remarked as in 1830. Oa the most dreadful
night we witnessed an aurora borealis of the most splendid
kind. Two physicians of the French theatre have fallen
victims to it. As to the different modes of treatment
adopted, we must plane camphorated frictions among the
remedies which have obtained the beet result. The out-
break of the scourge has caused a financial crisis such as has
no precedent in late times. All the principal families of
Moscow have left the town. We sell nothing, for nothing
is demanded • and bankruptcy, a second scourge, has joined
that which has reached us from the Caucasus.