The Express.
London, England, 1862-06-16 00:00:00

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PURE EXTRACT of OALVEW VEZT,
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LORDON, MONDAY, JUNE 16.

THE Federals have gained another victory in
the neighbourhood of Richmond ; and this victory
it now becomes the duty of Southern sympathisers
in this country to convert into a defeat. If the
prophet SPINCE and his faithful pupil, the Times,
could only be transferred to Richmond and Mobile,
their eloquence might avail something to coup•
teract the loud remonstrances which find a voice

in almost every journal published in the Confede-
rate States. The people on the spot know
the state of affairs. They can diatin-

guish between succors and failure. The burden
of their song is, not that JETTZILBON
DAVIS and his colleagues are the saviours,
but the destroyers of their country—not that the
North is "reeling and staggering" under a succes-
sion of defeats, but that 31`CLELLAN and his army
must before many days enter the gates of Rich-
mond in triumph. Even upon the walls of that
capital, according to the Southern newspapers, the
ominous words NT rietis are every night inscribed

by some secret hand, at the moat imminent per-
sonal risk, and the police are accused of complicity

because they fail to stop them.
The circumstances which led to the serious en-
gagement which took place on the north-east of
Richmond, and within a few miles of that city, are
sufficiently obvious. It will be remembered that
the Chickahominy sweeps round the north and
east side of Richmond, and thence flowing east and
_ . _

south falls into the mouth of the James River.
Across the Chickahominy are two roads leading to
the capital, by which an army coming from the east
may advance. Of these the more northerly is the Rich-
mond and York River Railway—the more southerly
is the turnpike road passing through a place called
Bottom's Bridge on the Chickahominy. Now it
was in the space enclosed between these two roads
that the battles of Saturday and Sunday—the

last day of May and the lit of June—took place.
It must be observed that the Confederates occupy
Richmond as an entrenched camp, and that in
this, as in every similar case, the plan must be to
select the weak point of the circle of the attack-
ing army and to crush some isolated portion of it
before the rest can come to ita aid. The nearer
the attacking army approaches the entrenched
camp the more imminent becomes the danger, and
the more caution is required in the General who
commands the advancing army. Nor did General
M'CLILLAN forget this. On the 25th of May—
six days before he was attacked, and before
crossing the Chicicahominy—he issued a general
order in which he told his army that they must be
prepared for battle at a moment's notice, and
should be entirely unencumbered, with
the exception of ambulances. He added that
the men were to leave their knapsacks, and carry
only their haversacks, with three days' provisions.
" In the approaching battle," the order says,
" the General Commanding trusts that the troops
" will preserve the discipline which he has been so
" anxious to infuse, and which they have so gene-
" rally observed." Let it not, therefore, be said
that General MTLELLAN was taken by surprise,
for he had foreseen the coming battle, and made
such preparation as seemed most judicious to
meet it.

Between the 25th of May and Saturday, the
31st, part of the army had crossed the Chicks-
hominy, consisting, among other divisions, of that
of General CASZY, numbering 6,000 men. This
division seems to have been posted in the first
line, between Seven Pines, on the turnpike road
already mentioned, and Fair Oaks, about a mile
and a half to the north-west, on the Richmond
and York River Railway, to which we have re-
ferred. Under ordinary circumstances there would
have been no difficulty in the troop. on the west,
or right hank of the Chickahominy, communicating
with those on the eastern or left bank. But in con-
sequence "of a terrible storm" the valley of the
Chickahominy had become flooded, and the com-
munication across that river had become difficult.
Taking advantage of this, about one o'clock in
the afternoon of Saturday, the 31st, the Con-.
federates attacked with overwhelming forces the
division of General CASZY. That officer is said to
have behaved with great gallantry, but his men—
partly, it is said, from being raw troops—partly, it
is said, from the scarcity of the officers, many of
them being on the sick list—left the field, and
that so suddenly that the division lost twelve bat-
teries of artillery and all its baggage. In the
meantime, however, General Hitntrzrxxisx ordered
up two divisions, and drove the enemy back at the
point of the bayonet; whilst General Stumm,
about three o'clock on the afternoon of Saturday,
crossed the Chickahominy and took up a position on
HEINTZISMAN's right. Night closed the struggle;
but next day the ground lost waa regained, and
the Confederates were compelled to retire within
their entrenchments. The lop appears to be
severe; the Federal' admit a loss of 3,000
men, and it is said that the Confederates
left more than 1,200 dead upon the field.
There can be little doubt that the Confederates
intended to inflict acrinhing blow upon the Federal',
and that they have failed in their object. The
Federal accounts distinctly state that the Confede-
rates threw the mass of their troops
upon this one point. In so doing they
acted upon just principles, and in precise con-
formity with the principle which dictated the
attack at Pittsburg and Chester Creek. Bat as the
Confederates have not numeeded in the battles 01
Saturday and Sunday against part of the Federal
army, it is scarcely probable that they will succeed
in any future attack after M'CLEurs has concen-
trated his whole army. The question now is
whether the Confederates will evacuate Richmond

or await the result of another action. ThS svadt
of those which have just taken place cannot be
without their effect upon the Confederate troops.
But at all events it is probable thatld'agr.w4 will
proceed with his habitual caution, and that, like
FALT•SCK at Corinth, he will endeavour to compel
the Confederates to withdraw from Richmond by
threatening to cutoff their supplies, rather than by
a direct assault upon their entrenchments.
It does not appear that the obstructions in the
James River have been cleared away so as to
allow the gunboats to co-operate with an army
moving along the bank. But the number of
troops now at the disposal of General Iid`CLKL-
Luf being so great, Richmond is liable to be
attacked on whichever side may prove most con•
venient.

Intelligence such as we have been considering
illustrates the soundness of the resolution to which
her bla.tssrY's Government adheres with all the
firmness of enlightened and profound conviction.
While battles are fought with the stubbornness
which we see there, mediation, unless in the form
of armed and active intervention, is the vainest of
dreams. All we can do at present is to stand still
and wait. Intervention, urged upon us in the
name of "humanity," would only still further
evoke the military power of the American Union,
and extend the war. Colonel Rasimt, in stating
the intentions of the new Government in the Cana-
dian Parliament three weeks ago, expressed the
judgment he had formed by personal observation
of the military resources of the United States.
He said " The army of that nation is but little
" inferior in discipline to the best armies of
" Europe ; it is superior in intelligence to any
" army in the world ; it is as well armed and
" equipped as the army of any European Power ;
" and, in case of emergency, its numbers,
" now exceeding half a million, could be
" doubled." It is contrary to all experience
that the Americans, conscious of this strength,
should desist upon mere advice from a struggle
which touches their national existence. They
would be especially exasperated by any attempted
intervention just now, when every newspaper
throughout the South is filled with the language of
tribulation and despair. Europeans cannot touch
the evil without aggravating it. The case does not,
therefore, admit of interference in the name of
humanity, and in the name of interest it is for-
bidden just as sternly. We have all to lose and
nothing to gain by interference. The neutrality
price of Sea 'amid cotton is high, but a guinea
t a pound on the quantity obtained would not repro-
L sent the cost to the nation of the cotton which
• could be procured by war.