The Express.
London, England, 1849-01-02 00:00:00

PROVINCIAL.

A CARE OF BURPECTED MURDER in in Cowie Of in-
vestiotioet before the coroner at Sheffield. The proceedirga
ocoupkell a jury es Wednesday and on Podgy, and were
then still further adjourned. The demased,an elderly woman
minted Ilannah Betney, wife of a hib-uring man, was, on
the morning of Tuesday last, found drowned in the Sheffield
Canal. From certain facts that transpired a enspieion arose
that her hnshand (John Haney) had been accessory to the
woman's death, and in consequence he was taken into custody,
toewait the re.ult of the coroner's inqu Th. chief carom-
stance. of suspien,n were that the. de-eased and her hatband
had been for some time estranged from each other. and were
living apart, and that on the ermine preceding the morning
on which the littler body was found, according to the state-
ment of a neighbour, the deceased was induced to leave
home in consequence of a message brought by a boy to the
effect that her husband was waiting to me her an Atterchffe-
ruad (in the vicinity of the Sheffield Canal), after which time
the was not again men able.

THE BEDFORD CIIARITY.—A correspondent of the
Memnon sends the following notes on the doings of
the " reform" party at Bedford. The writer says
:
"Sir William Ilarpur kit a property for the az sin-
teoance of a grammar school of one master and one
nets r, the residue in sostentation of poor children,
marriage portions, and alms. The income has immensely
increased, and so accordingly have the schools which now
embrace a great number of Wpm besidts grammar, with a
corresponding number of masters and teachers, ' exhibitions,'
and other advantages ; and to all this there was little objec-
tion, eseept that the salaries of the two principal mas-
ters were rather more plethoric than was required for
the interests of learning—the master' having 1,1501.,
sad the ' usher 8501. per annum, with other Meantime
payable out of the charity. But, in proems of time the
charity hgeshimatio debt; through that particular
way of a money called ' building;which is far
from beteg a saa And now the purples,' the
charitable lathe of the founder, which for more than
My years has bean employed in honourable and munifitent
ways of beamellease—is to pay in purse—that is if parliament
and the edge el the kindest will he prase to it. The two
=isielai am to babe Pimabs4 ens or two other de-
to be made, whilst 'Sher salaries will be increased,
sad upwards of 1,6001. a year is to be abstracted from the
charitable allowances. The only thing answerable to the
founder's injuncliea of 6004 out of 12,0001. in dd.
stoat ways ustingst the peer of the town is to le no longer
given ; ' merest' pardons' sad apprentice hoe' reduced
nearly half;' to apprentices' and • Seeped service'
to • serveste" to be eat away ; aa left open to the
extent of My eh Una. sepbsee, or with nue peewee!
aniline ewe et the meddles of 10,000, to be Illeas4l to
the Wein= numftber se ft This b the proposed 'MEM'
of *ena aba used the is which the Minuets
el the W sod mule wayes ale proposed be Mended
eseinot Gen of tbe peer." A keel paper furnishes the fel-
letetgpl relative to the important w mem
dame" In the proposed art:
i Maasp—Poar banow Math ; when uthisseth is
pthlkeraisrpor ant Tar einim.b..sibeazwe
initir.4. a
peautthied debt at ten 0,11161.10 1
a bat grammar whoa, bed ath te two palms per
ammo the funds ants thadtp wiftbabwhissy two least
pw mom tar sash atm est to the /mama wal to pp Re
beim eel 0071seary. she tan plums alms* thesily. thaws
art nolist twain loostia tharthd Ydte. as.—The Mawr
the thud maw to he yarpoluMod be lb et I* hem at
1 I. he. pw sumo; sad the bans hold maw to readththth
&pm at 100 boys with a residosto free at nth. thith base, and
mph ,; and snowed au unlimited wake cf boaran. lbs With
ppm all Worth of armrest thistors. The prom messed mare
perpothdad tor lib at 7701, at 130 ham awl Os alum semi
maws to melee Pea a-year, to lee teps, telie Übe prtvi-
bepes. meet as to boarders. the wathimithei mbar may
rosin UK 111 s. aloar ; athetamt damisal mast WM. ;
seeks addinethei mart, fIN. ; awl Oar esdaleth amass
thol. Bath mgr et the wthaswelml PIA and redden°, ;
math mast of the emathwalal aheol, sad had wrier of the pro.
pastry, lOU. OM Mar gab a mama) aithemth mars. 1301.
mistress of dm gtrts' wird; 10Ith; awl tradmth lath sa
lad
haad maw of the gnat mho* ISM. Tables Ws—lt is pro-
posed by the raw est Int the mod ender et the glimmereahod
nay resolve pith puler ispithes. The had mom id the eae-
aarabl the bed maths of Ibipmpreary sommwabl=
the reed he of the eamiaaeld mink rarer et as
peemneera hood whims et Os Haab gad mareof the
infant sink mop she math; lakilthassw—lni he teamed
to 7201. 1111 aanwit; are Psithwit.—Mn Waal d
tea, with sew rupbtlems. net lathe d dims&
Tom—lto ruthedes ammemn, is Is thous wavisl:=l:
thane' by Ist losabstbas to Appostham who halm semi thole
dam Maisel as balf. Dathalass te Owthata—Alialliod alas.
ather. 1714r1bedea
mL to the roar, CMfu, ammithy.—ids be ultimately
theamtim

11111311/03.
Datanom FicirrlNG.—On Saturday an in-
gully teak Wen the coroner for Berke, at Tilehurat,
mar , toughing the death of C. °ahem, aged 20.
!rim the est ence, ft agpsapsd that the deceased and a titan,
awed C. Gila', whir lad been taken into custody, were
fellow labourers at TOolmet, end, when at work on Wed-
meshy, something seaumed which led to angry words boo-
Wein them, and lbw debsimed to settle the matter in
dispute by haring • Piked beads. They walked from Tile-
bunt t , a place sew ilmeabgreem, in the parish of Shin-
held, a distance of dm mica, assempanied by their seconds,
and every arrargement having tem made for an encounter,
the combatants entered the ring; after two or three rounds,
Giles, it is said, told the deceased they had better not fight
any longer, but the latter persisted in continui..g the contest.
Shortly aiterwardi Giles gave Gillum a heavy blow oa the
lead, which Idled him, sad he ft. swards rem. He
was takes home to his father's house and died on the follow.
lag morning. The jiffy returned • verdict of "ken.
slaughter against Ciihm"

=Saar ..441.4a.
LOU or TIME Pt Lora—Os Friday, a Cowes
pilot boat wao ems 'Weft Freahwame By. Wafter-
wards appeared that ohs bad cm board four mem 'ass of
whist, a Deal Dam, named Johascw, bad bees ressimi into
dm Cowes but ham sm of the Chsauel mush whisk ha
had piloted. Johnson whited to land is Freeholds Dm,
sad the smaLL bat, ilh Boas sailors sad lamed& ha Ss
past heat hr gut wpm al assalag ashore, bat a reads'
rood swell rua Ma ay, the host wee
eapisad, sad ths milartuasts madams won
Tom or the bodies toms plied up fa the mew al am
maim and the sear asst saamisg. The Cowes past 11%
whammed uahrtasato assiamt, eastrivod to work his
mewl aims through the Nadi., where Imp was mat by as
other bast from Yarmouth, Wililk he readied without farther
aselmisat. The two Cowes gallon ham left tamales, sea of
soma, sod the Mbar of sight shadow.

LITERATUBB.
Moog,* Ms Caw of AU Eva. By Simnel CONDOZCZT
O'conroa, Gleans of Division. 3 vols.
We have seldom met with a work in whieh the
design indicated upon its title-page was more con-
scientiously fulfilled. Monopoly the cause of all evil
—moral and physical, individual and social, political
and religious—such is the comprehensive conclusion
which the author has taken upon him to establish ;
and with not one jot or tittle less than this will he be
satisfied. Through nearly seventeen hundred pages
he pursues this theme ; exhibiting evil, or what he
believes to be evil, in its every phase, and tracking it
through all the diversities of its course ; and finally
attributing the whole to the agencies of ono demon-
spirit which he terms "monopoly." To follow his
argument with any success even through a single
chapter, we must discard oar old politico-
eoonomical definition of that word as narrow
and sectarian. We must forget its very deri-
vation. We must merge into a vast and vague
11 generality all the ideas of its meaning which we have
gathered from the privileges that the Tudors conferred
epos their favourites, or that have been since secured
by law to patentees, or by charter to corporations.
Exclusive possession, even in its widest sense, not
only as created, but as accruing—as forming the
right of property ; as endowing the proprietor with a
title to his estate, the manufacturer to his machinery;
and the capitalist to his commerce—is but a very in-
sufficient exponent of its signification. For
monopoly, according to General O'Connor, is not only
the power by which any one retains what he
ought not to possess, but also the impulse that leads
him to do what ought not to be done. It causes the
accident that deprives the labourer of employment,
and strengthens the tyranny that enslaves a nation
or the superstition that embrutes it. In the spirit of
monopoly the smuggler evades the Customs duties
and the financier enacts them ; and upon its head
rests the guilt of the wars waged to enforce free trade
abroad, and of the laws passed to restrict it at
home. With such a Protean antagonist it is
hopeless to grapple. If, for a page or two, we
flatter ourselves that he has assumed some definite
term, under which we may grasp and force him to
conies what of truth cr error there may be in bim,
in the course of the next paragraph we find ourselves
one. more eluded. All the substance of the argument
bea melted away. It has become an abstract discus-
sion upon the nature and origin of evil. Upon such
an encounter with shadows we must decline to enter.
The argument, so far as it preserves any tangible
form, constitutes a circle of the narrowest dimensions.
Westart with the admitted fact that in all countries,
and in England, perhaps, more than any, there is
great inequality of conditions. It presents great
wealth and great want, high refinement
and deep abasement, knowledge almost divine
and ignorance almost brutal. Herein lies all
misery and evil. Monopoly therefore, as the
'source of inequality, is the canoe of all
evil ; and the only remedy is—equality ! Beyond the
bouds of this circle the argument never passes, ex-
cept, as we have said, into cloud-land ; and the only
practical suggestion evolved in its course is that for
abolishing the law of primogeniture—an enactment
whose influence the author represents in a form of
almost fantastic exaggeration, and denounces with •
vehemence of wrath which proves how largely be
over-estimates its importance. It is singular that,
while assigning to monopoly a wider range of means
ing than the term was ever made to bear, the author
should have confined his practical objections to one
only of its primary elements. On the other hand, be
is so far coesistent with himself that he gives to the
latter also a vague extension of significance. Many of
11 the objections which he urges against what beadle " the
feudalmonopoly law of prim ogeniture," are in reality di-
I meted against rent in general ; against taxes upon ar-
ticles of consumption; against the national debt, the
church establishment, and unproductive consumers."
Upon this last-mentioned class the general's ideas ap-
pear, indeed, to be somewhat confused. He enume-
rates the landlords, the clergy, and the lawyers, as
the great bloodsuckers of the nation. " The primo-
geniture monopoly, squirearchy, is the lioness; the law
and church are her whelps, which devour all that their
mother leaves. These are the three unproductive
consumers that devour the annual produce for which
the people labour." Yet not a word is said of the war
establishment, which costs at least as much,
and comprises full as many " unproductive con-
sumers," as the united staff employed in
the services of the church and the law. When we

said that the author had erected monopoly into a
"demon-spirit" of evil, we meant our expression to
be interpreted literally. He is most serious in
classing it as the modern Diabolus—the great per-
verter of the designs of Providence. It is in his eyes
the principle of antagonism, of sin and suffering,
which in different ages hu been symbolised as the
Typhon of the Egyptians, the Ahrimanes of the
Persians. and the serpent-tempter of the Pentateuch.
After referring to these types, and boldly assuming as
settled in the negative the dispute as to the existence
of "innate idea" in the mind of man, he proceeds:
I admit evil in all its form; but before I trace it to its
seems I mast In its real nature. If we compare the class
whit.' madame itself by its unjust monopoly to low spirits,
N the hawses of ennui—for whom life is such a burden that
fY meet graft want is to devue means for killing the
heare dot impose it—with the class whose state makes
useful asingallea and the acquiring knowledge a ratioeal
pastime, sad the finding than intimating employments for
the grouse port of their time, makes the remaining hours an
agreeable recreation, we cannot hesitate to which
we shall give the preference. When we compare
those two states with the third, which the ma-
ms laws of monopoly oondema to incessant ex-
' himeeng Mil, without a reasons:a:km that shall exempt
Ibsen has exesadve pain and misery, we find the source of
evil lies in the two extremes; and that the laws and Matins-
, twine which mate unjust risonopoty are U. immediate cause.
Laws and institutions should all tend to establish equality,
shim the middle state, as remote from one extreme as the
other, is that when red solid good resides, and when the
least evil shall be found . . . . Here I discover the
remedy kr all the evil in the world ; a remedy whisk sow
sists in destroying the unjust laws of monopoly fa trade, is
commerce, in land, and in all kinds of industry ; end is
substituting laws and institution, tending to equality, free-
alms, and Justice. [The italics are the author's ]
What these laws and institutions are to be like,
which shall poems so admirable a tendency, we could
get not even a hint. But we receive instead many
excellent exhortations—would only they were prao-
lisable—te simplify our code of jurisprudence, to
destroy corruption, cut off useless extravagance, and
tree oar souls from superstition. After all his elabo-
rate search into the cause sod cure of evil, General
O'Connor is obliged to fall back upon that hacknied
remedy of the world-reformers— some undefined and
spontaneous change in the mental constitution of man,
which shall enable him to shake off the chains that
vies, ignorance, and passion, have thrown around him.
The world of man is to be frted from evil when the
individual ceases to be man.

Whilst we dispute the claim of these bulky volumes
even to the lowest rank as contributors to economical
seines, there is another character in wilich they
Mral:a more than ordinary interest. They are
rith the reflections of a writer who has passed
' through 80 years of life and 60 of exile. They eon-
' tain the outpourings of an ardent and generous spirit,
who has dared greaiy, suffered much, and forgotten
nothing. The noble patriot of Ireland, when Irish
patriotism was in its noblest eta—the independent
member of its last independent parliament—the
united Irishman of '96—the prisoner and exile of '9B
—the companion in arms of the " soldier citizen "
when he " swayed not o'er his fellow men "—the
votary and martyr of liberty through triumph
and through defeat—has here written out his
soul. It is a strange work—clever, vehement,
enthasiastio—full of incoherence", full of anachron-
isms. The wrath of the patriot who voted and fought
against the union, the disappointment of the repub-
lican who saw freedom crust ed beneath the " sabre
sway" of the emperor, the prejudices of the banished
man against the country that cast him forth from the
land of his birth, ail find a record as vivid as if time
had stood still since the diy when those griefs were
newest. Even the wrongs that rest upon the memory