The Express.
London, England, 1848-10-09 00:00:00

COMMERCIAL 4, MARKETS.

MONEY MARKET & CITY INTELLIGENCE.
Two o'Clock.—We have a vev busy market in
Consuls this morale', accompanied with a rather
considerable depression of plass. They opened
at 861 to 1, as they stood on fiaturdac;eelli:lo so re-
mined for a short time, when sellers unex-
pettedly numerous, and they dropped to 85j. They are
now • fraction worse, still at 831 to both for money
and time. This sudden change in stock affairs and
fall of prices can only be accounted for by the
extraordinary panic which reigns in the share
market, where the jobbers are all sellere, with
scarcelytas to make a pies. In fact, it now appears,
their cash boxes are all full of stock and amp, the
value of which bee been daily so deteriorating, that
the holders become desrerate. AU the bagasse con-
sists of forced sales. The illness of Mr. Hudson has
some effect upon the market shoe. Exchequer Bills
are 32a. to 355. premium.
The foreign market also is heavy, and partially in
decline from this state of home stocks. We quote
Mexican lower, at 181 to 1. Portuguese, at 24 to 1.
Spanish Fives, at 111 to 1 ; the Threes remain 23 to 1.
Passive, 24 to 31. Dutch Two-and-a-Half per Cents.,
in decline at 44 to 6; the Fours, at 68 to 9. Russian,
are 09 to IC*. Belgian, 70 to 2. Chloe, 83 to 6.
Brazilian, 72 to 4.
The governments of Belgium and Holland appear
to be interfering strenuously with that of Spain for
some settlement of the casino of the bondholders of
the foreign debt. At an interview held at San 'We-
fts), Baron Grommins, the Belgian envoy, pressed
the ministers of foreign affairs and loam* for at
beet the regularisation of the various clams of debt,
with some conummoeineat towards a payment of
dividends. Baser Orlando, however, declared that,
under present circumstances, and with an
expessive war in Catalonia, upon their bands,
it was utterly impoesible to proceed with so
weighty • badness, and that Spain weld not

CORN.—Maitn-LANS.—The supply of Wheat this
mousing by land carriage suspies from the near eounties
was about an sump ons as regards quantity bat the qua
lity and candid= of by far the larger patina, was
almost unfit for millers' sae. Everything in fins
order realind folly last Monday', rates, bat the ioferior runs
wen %makable, although frail, offered at a eaudderable re-
thinks. Vino was a good demaad for old forams Wheat
for COMUSIptiOI2, at its previous value. The hulk of the
English Barley ea sale was morn in quality--selected
maple mule last week's prices, but other sorb were Is.
cheaper. There was an improved sale for Onto, and in some
instances 6d, per qr more money was obtained for good hone
con. Beans ware la, end white Peas 28., cheaper.

BRITISH. 6.,0u0ce ta• Q.." r•
Wan; Zen mid Lit ral 43 to 56 to 54...vidta.. 60 to CS to $2
Nona& sod Ooßolk. 44 to 64 go 56_ do 53 to 57 to 69
Talavera (Zan se baba 6l to 64
Oniab. It Lb,, red— 46 to 59 go 54 -white—. 60 to 36 to U
)(anima. sad ketch do.— to -- d 0...... to —to
Ida do to to
RBauTE. n to 34
m, Teadiag..— to 94 36...diatillias 26 to XI to 36
Mablas ........ l2 to 31—Ikotch to
Boaz Wawa.. to
Oat% EajC Fut 16 to 20 to IL Od...idaak.. —to—a Od
Raab 1115 to 11 to 9b04...g0t0t0 26 to 21• Od
Donna a bola Ind 21 to Us 04—pstato 23 to 644 OS
bin kW .--..... nu no 0d...n0n... 13 to 14a Od
Dino pads .....—.....-......- -....... ..... 2l to 2b Od
Um.. ..........„ 54 to 60 . loo..ogne- _ 60 to
64
fay °gar..

Ile to SIM Ott-maple SI to 40
ID to 61..
-- {CO

Mao ... 3/40 10.....--.... . .-: il a
41/42‘,111/4pe.-..-- MI 44 31. Aldt ......... 3* 10 317.410 - os •
Maws .r... U le s4..amsll 33 is 32...•14 - 10 -
TAsso. Pm BON per bah. -...new mime 10 .. 11...0/d - s• -
R"Low=43l4 pre a-.......
All 104 ID £l2OO.
Pm NA of Mai
Fsaw*,944/w444 easmill--- 4/ 03 10...11/4 lasmshold 42 SO 44
MI INIIIII•
dieTa...11111t0........... 41 o, 43
.-O-
-s3l ........... - Is --Mil --.....- to -
101710 N.

war. Donde led ImAgarag... 54 to 34....0. IO to 64
Pomorahisobliambheg. 4011141141; ........ MI to 60
rid Boostiaris lc 55
. Is to - to
DoaaboiniThisma ....... 43 to 3t
Opaideli .

; ; g 0
06 to 40...larraam.. —to
10 to flO

ltvo
Int" Poi*
btotootroo..--
Oats, Zonia
Poostoma toa
=4•l Dal& - ......
ma Dm* ..... ll
SO to SCAN 11
to 1
11
1

ATLISBVItY, Oct. 7.-Our market this day Wit more than
usually dull, and Wheat sold at a reduction of le. to 2.. per
qr. Wheat, 111. 10s. to 131 10s. per load of 5 qrs. Beans,
365. to 44.. per qr. Peas, 445. to 46.. Oats, 22a. to 32e.
Barley, 325. to 34e.
BATH, Oct. 7.-Our market was well supplied with Wheat,
both old awed new, at to-day's market; the latter varied con-
siderably as to condition. The price appeared Mitch the
same es last week. The misters are wanting pod maples
of Barley, which are sot plentiful as yet. The ether
descriptions of pain have not varied is prim. Wlessagelge
58s. to 625.; new, 48.. to 62e. Bully, malting, Ma. to Ms.;
grinding, 211 s. to 50.. Oats. 225. to 24.. Beans, new, 40s.
to 42e. ; old, 465. to 50.. Pea, white, 468. to 625. ; grey,
40s. to 42a.
BODP010), Oct. 7.-A plentiful supply of Wheat awed
for sale by farmers' sample, but it was rather out of els&
ties. A short supply of other grain. The sale fur Wheat
was extremely languid, owing to the influx of water from the
late rare revolting mills from working. =km semi
diffident of maiming their stocks. The beim tromoMed
in all other sorts was only in retail, at stielimaly pekoe.
Wheat made from 295. to 335„ pee load. Barley, 31a. to My
per qr. Beans, 21.. to 28.. Pau, 26e. per lead. Oats, 20a.
is Sla. per qr.
Cantranuar, Oct. 7.-We ham bad a large =lf
Wheat, in very bad coadition, from 1.. to 2s. per qr.
Ilea lest week. Barley very thin, and rather a doer
Old brawn Wheat, 60e. to 68e. ; new, 40s. to 61s. • wldle.
old, Ms. to 635. ; new, 48s. to 63a. Barley, new, 28e:. to IN.
Beane, old, 3r. Peas, hag, 41s.
CaaLleLv, Oct. 7.-We had a fair supply of all kinds al
grain at our market this morning, at last week's rates.
Wheat, white, new, 21s. to 23e. ; old, 235. to 265.; red,
ew, 20.. to 225. ; old, 21e. to 235. Barley, old, 12.. to
13e. 6d. Oats, polar' 7e. 64. to Bs. dd.; common, 7s. to
7.. 6d. Rye, 14s. Fletir,72e. 4d. to 211. 6d. per stone. Oat-
real, le. 10d. Byeateal, le. 6d. Barley:seal, Is. 6d.
Cnatusrono, Oct. 6.-The market was fairly supplied
with Wheat, and that of goal quality. shoat maiabra lest'
week's prices, but the inferior description mat he gored Is.
to 2i. lower ; Sae old white, 665. • new, 00s.; now, sad, Ma.
to 62e. Spiry corn without variation. Barley wee is bettor
supply.
Coheuarrza, Oet. 7.-Wheel is fa smaller supply ; the
condition generally worse than it has been sines the harvest.
Killers being in want, are compelled to try what Wien at
the pekes of this day week. Barley Is fully as dear, with a
em ewbat improved supply. Beans and Pea unaltered,
both la very limited 'apply. Shipping Wheat, rod, per
Nabs. to 6111.., f.0.b., 635. to 645. ; white, 65e. to 67e. 800-
Mitimsastna.33a. to 365. ; !Audi's, 29e. to 325. Beam,
to 31s. ; ticks, 34,. to 365. Peas, grey, 36e.
le Ile.
Bum, Oct 8.-We have had a large attendance of far.
men Mom market today, but we can note no alteration in
prim of my description of grain.
GLOWINITNa, Oet. 7.-At ear market this day the trade
Is Wheat-was may pia, at knew mime. I Bosky the
little passing is at rather easier rates. Of Oata, some parcels
have changed hands, at k: per qr. decline on maples of now.
In Beau but little passing, at former rates. Imports of the
week ending Oct 7: Wheat, foreign 1,253 qrs. ; Barley,
Irish, 642; foredga, 2,294; Osta, Irlsh, 4,424; tuusiwist.
200; Beans, foreign, 8,114; Peas, foreign, 239.
Grihnroan, Oat. 7.-Our market is now fel of Wheat,
for which there is but a limited demand. Soma perks woo
dispased of at low and irregular rata, a few samples
realising from 60s. to 665. ; one pared as high es BM, A
Jugs quantity could not be sold, though pressed at low
prices, from 365. to 48s. More demand for old, but at lottee
prime. Bed, : white, 665. downwerds.
Meronnerna, Oct. 7.-The emu trade in Ws end the
neighbouring marker has bona whiner minutia=
the week ; bat, with the napalm Oats and
there ha. been no decided asap in prises. At our assehat°
today we have but a retail deemed for eask article. Ia Ike
value of secondary donciptions of new Wheat and Flour,
some emormion is made, bat in other qualities there fa so
alteration. Old Oats are 2d. to 3d., new 44. per bushel. and
Oatmeal full Is. per load lower. Melt, Brae, and sew
arida Without variation. The demand for Ireland Oino-
anises to take off a large quantity of Indian Caen. TM
following are the present prima: Wheat, per bush. of 700 m.,
English, white, 1848, 7s. 9d. to Se. 10d; • red, 7e. 64.
8.. ; Irish, white, 7e. 9d. to N.; 'red, 7e. to Ss. j
foreign, free, red, 7s. Bd. to 8.. 3d. ; white, old, 7e. la
9.. sa.Barley, per bush. of 60165., grinding, old, 4s. M
M. 6d. Oats, per bush altar., English, Scotch, and *no
Irish, old, 3x 641. to N. 7d. ; new, 3s. 4d. to 3s. gd. • Ira
kiln•dried runs, old, N. 3d. to 3e. 6d. • new, 3s. id.
N. 4d. Beans, per qr. of 604 lbs., English, am,ll, .Id,
41e. to 42a. ; tick, old, 40s. to 41s. ; foreign, per *gibs.,
old, 31.. to 38s. Malt, per 6 imperial bushels, Sae, old, 445.
to 45e. ; moos& 425. to 43a. Peas, per 8 imperial bushels,
white, "boilers, new, 445. to 481.; feed, old, 34.. to 36e.
Flour, per seek of 2801b5., English and Irish, fine, old.
41s. to 421. ' • sew, 40.. to 41s. ; superfine, aid, 43e. to 445.; ,
new, 42a. to 435. ; extra, old, 46e. to 465.; new, 44a. to 46. '
Canadian and Amensan, per barrel of 19e1bs., old, Sr to
34.. ; sour, old, 30s. to 31s. Indies Cern, per
white, old. 361. to 38s. ; yellow, old, 88s. to 408.; heinallZ
inferior, old, 365. to 365. Nedra Ora Neal, pee bend of
Whs., old, 18s. 6d. to 19.. 6d. Oatmeal, per lead of
240111-, English end Irish old, 27.. to 28a. ; new, Ws. to 31s.
NEwc.airruboro-Truer, Oct. 7.-Although we have to
mote some improvement in the weather this week, Teel iNt
not been what is termed good winning weather ;
standing that, within the lest two days some quantity of OMs
has been bossed, but they cannot be fit for market balms
the spring. A considerable deal of injury has been dom by
the ralm of lest week by sprouting, and altogether our per
poets are meek less cheering than they were three weeks
ago. The trade during the present week has ruled or
tressely quiet, and whore sales were effected lower rate, hed
to be complied with upon Wheat, Flour, end ether arras.
At our mate* this morning, owing to oar Aram being ai-
med In harvest operations, we had a moderate ,hew of
Wheat from the growers, and, notwithetending its moderate
madam sales were readily offered at fully** terms( this
day Wanight, Soar country qualities brag sloe well sold,
choice new red making 641. to 66e., 83liss. extra white, up
to 681. wan weight. Resign la someone was Is cheaper,
but Midas 'morally were very gram, andealy yielded where
vessels required clearing. F,.r Flour there was a steady de-
mand, and a good clearance made where a reduction of le.
per sack wea emunded, but as the day adverted more &m-
-otes was mirror byre lectors, and prices were rehced which
would have been taken et the eommeneement of the market.
Rye unaltered. For malting Barley the inquiry was not so
animated, aad the malting season not having generally com-
menced yet, some slight concession had to be made to the
buyer, but it was not sufficient to warrant any change in
our quotations. Malt fully m dear and in fair request. la
846211 and Pets little prang. Oats beir.g in moderate sup-
ply by our farmer., such qualities sold folly is high as last
week, but the supplies from abroad continuing large, to
make progress it wee necessary to make some slight corer
don. We have no Mange to nor in the duties to-day. The
arrivals this week are: Wheat, coastwise, 2,013; Barky,
1,278; Malt 67; Oats, 38; Peas, 12. Wheat, foreign,
2,240 ; Bye, 344 ; Barley, 3,609 ; Oats, 2,332 ; Peas, 1,236 ;
Beans, 3 qrs. Flour, 3,117 seeks.
Nnwronv (Ism or WIGHT), Oat. 7.-Our market was
well &needed today, with pod supply of all kind. of grain.
Prices remeleed as last week. Wheat, old, 141. to 141. 10s.
per lead i new, 101. to 121. Batley, 28e. to 324.; Beans, 365.
to 405.; Fees, 38s. to 40e. ; Oats, 22-s. to 24e.
Nonwitr, Oct. 7.-Our market was moderately mop& d
with Wheat to-day, the quality much deteriorated by the
late anfavoarable weather, and proms remained preoisey the
same es lest week. Oar quotations the mate. Flour met a
languid wile, et late rates. The Barley trade was not marked
with any alteration. A fair supply awl a fair demand ; pima
the MOIL Oats, Bras, and Pegs alike in prim, quantity,
sad quality.
Norrneortet, Oct, 7.-We have at this der 's market a
pod supply of all kinds of pais. The a of the
Wheat Ia not to fMd as could be wished, and, where dry
samples are ken& forward, a randy sale, at fall mime, h
easily made. Damp and inferior qualities bug heavily on
band, sad not mid without submitting to lace money. The
eondon of the new Brim is far from satisfaiml her malt
lag, and at present but little is &gag. Ia Wain DS Be..
we have very little passing.
Parnmsoaocon, Oct. -We lave a good 111N17 of
Wheat, Oats, and Barley to this day's aura ; and trawls
R
fair Tarrurky of old Beane rforiag. Havre a pod do
Road soot What, Ids won folly ftibrod. flo

HOPS.—Bototroa Neater.—Menem. Pattenden
and Smith report that they continue to have a brisk demand
for all Sae Hoge, at fully late prism. Daty, 205,0001.

CATTLE, &c.—SitrninzLD, 2100 o'Clock.—The
supply of Beams is considerably shorter to-day; but the
weather is unfavourable for slaughtering ; trade is cones-
quently slow. A few choice qualities made 4s. 2d.,
but 4s. is a more general average. The number of
Sheep is rather larger, and the demand so exceedingly
limited that we have great difficulty in selling at a
redaction of fully 2d. per Blbs. en last Monday's quota-
tions. Trade is heavy for Calves, at rather lower pikes.
From Holland and Germany we have nearly 600 Beasts,
about 2,400 Sheep, and 42 Calves.
Per stone of Mt. it 4. a. 0. Per Woe of Ma. 00.2. d.
Bait Pada. liarefardo 310 4 0 Baal Des. k 111.-tda Mi. 0 010
Beat 01tarobonat
200001 alma, Beads 210 3 6 Da. 4s. lama ......0 0 0
Calm ..........
Bat Dee. k 11•12-241846 411 5 than ... . . .... 06 0
lima. at zair2ol. 3.6331 20000 sad /40130. r 3.6701 Calm. 104:
120.300.

Battncesion FAlR.—Ballintolee. Ott. o.—Yesterday,
the principal demand was for prime withers, upon which
there was an inanw of from 2s. to 4e., and had it not been
for the weather, which was very net, there is no doubt what-
ever that even higher figures would have been realised. As
it wu, there was not a tingle lot that I could hear of left un-
sold. In use instances, tor *mead clam lute, the sellers ob-
tained 2a. above whet they sold their top lots yesterday.
The demand for good breeding ewes continued steady at
yesterday's prices, but in those of an inferior quality,
of which there was a glut in the market, there was a
decided decline. Two lots of lambs, one of 100, and
the other 117, sold at 201., for which only 16e.
could be had at Banagher. The same avenge may be
coma dered to have held in the generality of Was made.
The hones fair to-day was a bad one, the supply not good,
and the elms of ant-rate limes not at all numerous. Them
was a decided decline in prices, and the whole selling Was
confined to the English dealers, who were anxious to m-
ama if they could get the hones. Weight-tarrying
hunters, ;Vail g hones for the army, were the de-
oreprowes y sought for ; few of the former could be
had, sad none the latter.—The rattle fair tomorrow pro-
mime well, et lust good prices am expected. A large num-
ber are in the adjasent parks. Prime beef will sal well
moat Aram may of, but steak in poor mmeittion will re!
turn unseld.—The provincial meat* to promote a railway
between Ordway sad Athlone look piece to-dsp, and mega-
was for the furtherance of the prefect were adopted.;
For .Bmservhses storks& so lestper.li

LONDON, MONDAY. OCTOBER 9.
MR. THOMAS Yarrow's exhumed letter is the most
startling fact of the Clonmei trial. Few people could
have believed that eighttcn years ego we were so
Dear the brink of revolution, or that our present mi-
nisters, their agents, and their organs., dabbled at all
in the elements of enseute, after the fashion of LEDRU
ROLLIN and the writers of the ReArme. To
mark the high airs of the sainted conservatives
of the government, the parliament, and the press in
1848, shedding anathemas on a reform movement, or
condemning foolish chartists to transportation for life.
mesmould think that arme.l reskeanee had ever bees
se abhorrent to them as to ELDON or POLIGNAC.
The re-bringing to light their intentions, their
writing', and their proposals of 1831, is a judgment
neon their hypocrisy. Here we have the Private
Seettetery of a Home Minister announcing a tom
upon the Bank and the barricading a populous town
as measures that he was privy to; and his letter of dis-
suasion to a general officer against accepting the
command of a popular civic force, is not founded upon
any abhorrence of treason, but on the wise apothegm
that "it is not well to enter early into revolutions
as :he first fall victims." Had the republic suc-
ceeded in England, Mr. YOUNG would evidently
have been a republican du tendemaiu.
We do not want to lay too much stress on, or draw
too rigid consequences from, a confidential effusion,
treacherously betrayed. It merely proves that the
whip, like the late French opposition, had a party in
advance of them, whose zeal they were desirous of
making use of, in the hopes that it might not lead to
consequences too dangerous. There has been, how-
ever, sufficient meddling with the dangerous ele-
ments of popular resistance to compel those once
ultra and now semi-liberals to be at least magnani-
mous and considerate to those who merely follow in
1848 the track of their predecersore in 1831. Let
us only suppose an inquiry, each as that lately held •
On the sayings and doings of LAMARTINE, LEDRU
ROLLIN, Lours BLANC and consorts—let us only
suppose a similar one instituted on the sayings and
doings of our reformers of 1831. Let us suppose Major-
General WILLIAM NAPIER acting the part of POWELL
or DOBBTN on that inquest, and imagine what might
have been the impression, and what the vote, of a
House of Commons consisting of a decidedly tory
majority. These considerations should make our
liberals and whigs, however "moderate," less super-
cilious towards French folly, lees rancorous against
Irish frenzy, and should infuse a little more of mercy
intothevindietiveness which condemns to interminable
captivity the misguided and uneducated English
chartists.
lint of all the political humbugs, so egregiously
and appositely shown up at Cloutnel, far the very
legitimate purpose of proving that SMITH O'BaiEN
was no more guilty humbug than his neighbours,
the Times is that most completely and amusingly un-
masked. Mr. Wfirvcatua, who fawns upon the Eng-
lish journal whilst compelled to bring it forward as
a witness for the defence, adduces one of the moat
moderate and innocent recommendations of the Times
during the great reform movement. This was the
formation of a national guard of those very citissoe
who were to raise up Mr. Taos. YOUNG'S barricades.
Ahem, stutters the Times ; very true, we did re-
commend a national guard in those days, but " it was
to produce a moral impression on the anti-reform
peers, and in ease of disturbance to keep the mob in
order." No doubt it was for the sake of the moral
impression, and for keeping the mob in order, that
Major-General NAPIER was to be asked to assume the
command. Had the peers remained obstinate, and had
the Duke of WELLINGTON taken the field in their behalt
where was the moral impression ? The national
guard would have marched in the front rank—the
mob would have pressed on from behind. The Times
lent its every effort to organise the one and excite the
other; to what possible end we leave the reader to
judge. But now the Times is conservative. It not
only denounces the movers of reform in England,
and the idea of a national guard, here or abroad,
bat it denounces moral force agitation just as much
as physical. Nor is the jet of its virulence more un-
sparingly directed upon M. Loma BLANC than upon
Mr. COBDEN, upon O'BRIEN and MEAGHER, than
upon the O'CONNELLS.
The Times,moreover, pleadsthat it only recommended
these extreme measures in the view of extreme and
imminent collision. " Things were getting worse ; riots
had taken place at Nottingham and Bristol"; and so on.
Surely such an argument as this, is as much at SMITH
O'BRIEN's service as at that of the Times. Were
not things getting worse in Ireland ? Wm there no col-
lision imminent for him to foresee, when he pmosed the
arming of the clubs, or a kind of national guaM ? Might
not he wish to arbitrate. and have an army to support
his arbitration, between the Saxon oligarchy and the
Celtic mob? One would think that he had retained
the Times along with Mr. WHITESIDE in his defetce,
so apposite are the ts of the English journal
to the defence of the Irish leader. Indeed all
the tory press seems to have been equally re-
tained. The Standard told ns that O'lianue
took up arms merely to prevent the protestant' of
Ireland from being massacred! Why did not Mr.
Warrestoe subpeena the editors of the Times dad
Standard along with Maior-General NAPIER? Thzy
could have dully proves that SMITH O'BRIEN was
not an atom more a political conspirator than the one,
or more s fanatic than the other.
We have not yet been informed of the verdict upon
the hero of Ballingarry.• But we should say at once
that did the jury confine its consideration solely to the
puerile and pitiful nature of his overt rebellion, in
which he certainly thought more of hi" own personal
freedom from arrest, than of the independence of Ire-
land, they may possibly acquit the prisoner of an
attempt to dethrone the Queen. Instead of overturn-
ing the throne of England, O'BRIEN'S mind was
evidently bent on outrunning the constables.
The treasonable nature of O'lltuati's conduct did
not appear in the wilds of Tipperary, but in the halls
and councils of the confederation. Here he con-
=here he planned physical as well as moral re-
, not from any feasible, or liberal, or rational
object, bat with the certain prospect of placing two
races and two countries in deadly, sanguinary, and
prolonged strife for ends u vague and visionary as the
claims of the house of Thomond to the Irish throne.
Hare was the folly, here the guilt. He risked the
Mods of thousands as well as his own. And if the
law calls upon him tor the forfeit, we might plead
against the policy or humanity of the sentence, bat
certainly not against its justice.

• gime the dove was in type, we rewind intelligence of the yen-
diet, which will be found in another alma.

AMONGST the inquiries made by the Committee on the
Navy Estimates was one, as to whether it was not the
duty of the Admiralty to make experiments in ship-
building and engineering; and whether experiments
so made at the expense of the nation had not been of
use to the mercantile service and to private builders.
The answer elicited was to the effect that constructors
in private yards have not derived the slightest bene-
fit either as regards shape of ship or construction of
engines from the experiments of the dockyards.
This "duty of making experiments" is a point on
which the authorities of the dockyard appear to have
insisted somewhat, as essential to their justification in
the eyes of the public; and as their justification for
having expended large sums of money in trying what
all eminent men out of the dockyards knew to be use-
less and absurd schemes certain to end in failure.
To the making a rational experiment for the im-
provement of the naval service we do not desire to
offer any objection. On the contrary, vs midst .
..yt.
•••
t ..`e-1221
•

the bounden duty of the Adanalty to bhp@ sad in-
troduce into the service speedily sad effidestly all
improvements that are of a mend preenel eaten
Bat them are very different ways of @stew about
such exprimentkand &amended emaddia to pears
neh cases Is, that the plea prepend glad act be
either palpably eregesesa to prfesiplo or enselsedy
If the Admiralty by a Om of
li ion of which every ome knows Ohm bed
qualities beforehand, and if it gala millisederagy
in building I.rge ships of thus lainioawstomw
their bad qualities, of which mei ass was
certain, the mosey has been op mgedparseeed.Vdieil
'stinky spend public money it hems atitamt-aegine
notoriously impracticable, sin prove miner* the
in practicability of such plans on a men gigantic
male than hatetoforr, it only commits the mere gi-
gantic folly.
The public expect that the Admiralty shall adopt
as speedily as risible all improvements in the ser-
vice. The public will not grumble, even if in this
desire for improvement an occasional mistake
may be made. Bat what it has a right inva-
riably to demand is that no plan shall be
tried which is based on an unsound prin.
or which is manifestly impracticable, or
which others have formerly ascertained to be bad.
They have a right to demand that the subjects
selected by the Admiralty for their favoured experi-
ments shall be, first of all, those which are of greatest
importance, either foe-economy or efficiency ; secondly,
such as are founded on true theoretical' principles;
thirdly, those which past experience shows to have the
',rimiest probability of success. Next, they have a
right to demand that experiments be planned and
conducted only by those purties who have the greatest
knowledge and expeTien,:o of such matters, and that
they be carried out in a gradual, prudent, and pro•
penes manner ; and finally, that that there should
sot be too many and too costly experimentsat one and
the same time.

If, instead of following this course, the Board of
Admiralty take just the opposite one, surely
there is room for complaint, both that the bad plans
are adopted, and that their adoption excludes those
which are really valuable. This is unluckily the
&exacter of our Admiralty. Ever slow to introduce
valuable improvements, they rarely try an
,original
experiment that does not eLd in atter failure.
Take one example—Lord DUNDONALIYS engine; an
engine of which every engineer of character or repu-
tation knows the utter fallacy. His lordship, being
a brave and distinguished sailor, turns to mechanical
scheming—takes out patents far impossible projects.
There is not an elementary work in the English lan-
guage teaching the principles of the steam engine,
which does not explam the absurdities of the hunters
after rotatory engines, and stamp them as visionary
schemes.

Yet this absurd project of engine their lordships of
the Admiralty determine to try not on • small
stale and as a preliminary experiment, for that his
lordship had already dune on a smell scale over and
over ogre And fiiiled—mieerably failed—but its having
feifici on a small scale was considered no reason wby
it should fail on a large scale, and so their lordships
determine to give it a fur chance on the largest !
Accordingly, on a scale large enough to ensure sus
cer, their lordships male the triaL They build ex-
pressly for the purpose the Janus, a war steamer to
carry guns of the largest class, and they build the
ship of the kind best suited for Lord DUNDONALD'S
engine. They also get engines and boilers of the
new clams made under his lordship's personal super-
intendence—all this at the expense of the public.
And thus the Admiralty, determined to do the -liberal
and enlightened thing, spare no expense in giving it a
fair riaL
Of course time tries the truth, and, what all quali-
fied judges (thole lordships, of coarse, always ex-
cepted) knew perfectly well beforehand, and predicted
unanimously, the affair turned out a total, unmitigate3,
and utterly disgraceful failure. The Janus has cost
60,0001. or 00,000!. She is now worth for service
exactly what a breaker-up of ships for firewood will
give for her, and no more.
So much for the nature of the inventions, disco-
veries, and meritorious novelties which the honourable
board, in its plenitude of wisdom end the abundance
of public money, selects from among the mass of
creations of human industry to distinguish with es-
pecial favour. Their lordships thus establish their
title to hold office as the responsible trustees of the
public revenue, foe the purpose of maintaining and
advancing the naval power of Britain.
The fault, however, is not theirs—it is ours, who
blindly sit by and allow men of notorious and mani-
fold incompetency to administer the affairs of a public
=rtnient, requiring in its exercise the highest
the profoundest sagacity, the longest expsei-
ear, and the stzonger common sense of any breach
of government sorrier We entrust to such mew the
=111:of 7,000,000!. per annum, and pay them
abordinates 70,0004 per man fee the
sealwdatializattoa thereat

Tan insurrectionary movement on the north fron-
tier of the Cape colony doss not appear from the
West devitalise to be brmifiNe. It might,
imbed, be ' and render an exam
for protracted sad expensive operations ed
by the mis-
management of the authorities; but we hops better
gimp of Bit HAIRY Berens.
The meounts from the seems of action an confined
in Use extreme, partly from the Rent incapacity
of the writer, to tell a plain tale * y, partly from
the exaggeration and confusion alarm in NM,
and the of making themselves of conaeqesses
in others, have imputed to their narratives. It is,
however, sot very difficult, by esnaecting their stories
with preeedent create in the lanes quarter, and check.
'Si this by known statistical details, to make a
pretty dome approximation to the truth.
The disterbasees have been ceefased to the north
of the Orange river, or at most to the newly ism-
seated territory, on the extreme mortle-emt feentiee
of the *okay. The insurrectionists appear to consist
exclusively of those emigrants whom Enteral
Aka sad habit have confirmed 'ls. the len of a 2. a
lib of lawless independence as as only be led by
men et civilised race on the disputed re
between the nettlemsnts of a civilised, and the
of a savage, people. Faxeoares and hie base-
diet. adherents were among the first whom ea bop-
tam temper prompted to seek a solution of the sew
treversise between them and the British
meat, by emigenting from the they
have by bag mom acquired col on
ay ;
predilestion
ho the rude border or piocieer lib, is
which the white man settles his disputes
with the savage, or with strangers of his
own colour, by the strong hand. Attempts have hoes
made by some letter writers, whose groans have
found their way into print, sad by the agents of Km-
ter Hall in the eolony,who have mill a hankeebtortem eh
ezeither empicious against the colemiste of
origin, to represent the Boers in gamed se favreesebb
to, and even implicated in, the movement; bet the
palpable exaggerations of their statements warrant
distrust of them. Major WARDEN, by %okra accounts,
had found himself compelled to abandon the station of
the Bloom Fontein to an enemy, whose object it
appears to be to drive the English to the southward
of Orange river.
There is no reason to believe that PRA:TORII:re is
supported by any bat the rode men of irregular
habits we have described, and it may be the native
allies of wham he is said to boast. If the re-
ports from the frontier may be relied on, there are
Englishmen as well as Dutchmen among them.
And their objects appear to be limited to preventing
the extension of English law and sovereignty over the
countries to the north of the Orange river. No person
who knows anything of the country and men can an-
ticipate a lasting and sincere alliance between the
emigrants and the native chiefs ; or hearty
tion between the Dutch and English de
And the colonial authorities have acted with a promp-
titude that will prevent their gaining strength by
delay. One hundred and fifty soldiers were de-
vatched from Albany as soon as the news of
FRATOII.IO3% proceedings arrived. Bir Range
Semen received the intelligence in Cape Town
on the 22nd of July. Ile proclaimed Elmo-
slue a traitor the same day, offering a reward
for his apprehension ; he despatched expresses
for Graham's Town, ordering troops to Coker
bog and Bloom Fontein, and relays of horses
to bo got ready for himself. On the 28th be
despatched a war-steamer to Natal, with copies of his
proclamation for the purpose of deterring any disaffe2ted
who might be there from attempting a simultaneous
movement, and strengthening the hands of the local
authorities; and on the 29. h he was himst It on his
way to the die urbtd &stint.
There can be little doubt that such promptitude and

mega will more stases. No other line of conduct
could be ad~sopted towards PRATOZIN and his pieti-
sm. They bed appealed to the sward, and by the
sword alone they mould be ensured. There is ocly
ace way of &atlas with inserreetios sad that is to
pat it Sum at cam This part of the basins' Is plain
and miy. But after Pezroarus hes bees brought
is sr shot is some scnffie, sad his bind reduced to
fekeSsreas. the really &Este and difficult task of
gesiassat will commence, both in the older pro-
vinces sad the newly-incorporated dietriets.
It is ad easy, in the present state of oar intima-
tion, to conjecture how Makin is tree of the story
about Pummeled's =brim and letter to Sir AN-
DRIES BTOCIIINSTIIOII. Sir ANDRINte loyalty to the
British government, and his wary prudence were too
well known to admit of any expectation that be
would take fart in an insurrectionary movement. If
a letter were sent him from the insurgent chief—
and that there wu a letter sent appears
Pretty certain—it must have been an appeal
to the most powerful and influential colonist
of Dutch raise to mediate between his refractory
countrymen and the British government The threat-
ening demonstration made against Major WARDEN,
would seem to imply that there is sti some misun-
derstanding between the more orderly and settled
Boers sad the government about the disposal and set-
tlement of lands. And even for the desperadoes
beyond theOrenge river, there is thus much to be "Pd.
That region has been deserted by the natives. Its
occupation hes long been a bone of contention be-
tween the emigrant Boers and the bastard race called
Griquas. The only claim that either of these con-
tending parties have to it is occupancy. Bat under
tLe patronage of the missionaries, and through
the influence possessed for so long a tract of years by
the great London Missionary Societies in Downing-
street, the British government has, up to the time of
Sir HAIRY Serrn's appointment, acted not am a fair
arbitrator between them, but as the partisan of the
mulatto squatters against the Dutch squatters. The
reel source of difficulty and danger in the colony, con-
sists, in the more settled districts, in the want of a
complete understanding between the settlers and the
government, in the imperfectly settled districts north
of the Orange river in showing favouritism to one
class of the population at the expense of the other. The
American governmenthu similar difficultiestooootend
with in its terri•ories, especially in those frontier portions
of them, where squatter+ and pioneers wage war " b
their own authority" with Indians, and exercise Lynch
law oa white men. But the all but lawless
chronic Mate of these countries of is never fos-
tered into insurrection. The peculiar institutions of
Amities are experimentally proved to be best
adapted to the peculiar circumstances of such societies,
and the remedy for the existing and prospective
troubles of the Cape, is the adoption of as much of
these institutions as is compatible with our monarchi-
cal form of government.
Measures having this end in view are imperatively
called for, not only at the Cape but in New Zealand,
where Bishop SeLWYN appears to be playing the
part of a croriered Paumaws. It is to be hoped
that the British authorities in New Zealand will deal
as promptly and energetically with the priestly
English Pasrortius as those of the Cape are doing
with the secular Dutch SELWYN. At all events, any
salary paid by government to the THOMAS i BECKET'S
of New Zealand ought to be withheld so long as he
deserts his clerical functions to play the part of a
political agitator.