The Express.
London, England, 1849-08-06 00:00:00

THE CHOLERA.

RAI.= of eases of aholera reported to the General Board
of Health oa Swarthy last, August 4:

Attacks. Deaths.

In London and vicinity, pis.:— - ---
----
Lmaketh
Southwark 26 16
Newinatot 8 7
Other 11 ealitin in metropolis.... 104 38
In B land and Wales 243 131
In Bo

Toil

Wooiwigs —Cholera Nome to be on the doeline N Wool-
wich, sot a anale cue haviog been reportei to the pall%
during the lest three days. No fresh eases have been reported
on board the convict ships, which are now free from the
discus.

Rocnroan (Essmt).—There have been firs eases al
cholera at tiimthend, fit this union, of which four base
been fatal.
FAVILILINAM. —Thai have been le•Tila CMOS Crel,lll hers
—four deaths, flys emoveries, sad two arc now ands
treatment.

C•nrsasaa7.—Fire •we deluders have o•atrred bare.
la the parish of W.egat•-withoat the vodka o®•er hae
retuned one fatal a•e.

TIBWILIIIBOILT.—There have bees five 01111011 of cholera
hors, throe of thew at Boddinotoo ; the ant a meow, who
died is two dap, the sou her sister, who waned her : ebit
hos rewound. Thane kw oho bora we owe at Kesortoo.

Aeamx•vxnaa-Lm.—Berenl ewes of Attack ebolera
have ocearred here ; one died, one recovered, and other,
ander treatment.

MAXCEISTIII —Cholera continues to manifest itself more
or WO ia Manchester, sad if there it not out Meal increase of
cams there is little prospect at present of a diseentiratanos of
the epidemic.

Loom—Them have only bra two fatal ores af,elsiere
in Leeds during the left six or seven days, at leer so be se is
known, for the eras whisk 00011 n in the private priterios of
the fruity, hem not hitherto been reported to the sanitary
°osmium, bat only etioh as toms under the cognisant* of
the tow...urgers
Thtorrou—The regints from the ontperrh eat. Phillip
end Jacob are sot so shaming as they were a few days erne,
end than is meson to hope that the grannie has received a
cheek. There have been several more dries but by so
means so mem r towards the early part of last week.
BALIIIIIVIT.—The number of deaths from 01l earls sines
this refight' dime, first broke out here is far more then one
hundred. The greeter number in one day was nine, and on
that day 67 fresh out patients were supplied with medicines
at the Salisbury Infirmary. Putting the daily *Trig, of
deaths at five, with a population of 12,000, would gm* to a
population like London, in proportion, 833 deaths per diem.
Agra. if 12,000 inhabitants gave sne deaths in one day,
2,000,000 would give 1,600! So that Salisbury hr been
evidently very severely visited. The medial gentlemen here
now are somewhat more at leisure, and we hope this virulent
diners is test abating.

Tom—At the w-eskle =Min of the York Poor-law
Chadians on Thursday, it was stated that so fresh ease of
cholera had occurred, and skit there 'was oely ono patina in
the infirmary of the workhouse, who, it WM expected, woeld
mover.

SIIIIDEELAND DOCKS.—Mr. Mare, M.P., bas
issued en advertisement announcing the half-yearly meeting
of the Sanderiand Dock Company (of which he is
Chairman) on the 20:1t instant, and convening an "extraor-
dinary meeting" for the same day, for the following
purposes, viz. :-1. To mini& ran arrangement entered
we, by the directors with the directors of the York, New-
castle, and Berwick Railway, for the shipment in the doeka
of the coal, erke, Re , brought down the Durham end Sun-
derland line.-2. To consider an arraapernest entered
Into by the directors with metals perms (to he named at
the meeting) for the repurchase or forfeiters of certain
shares in the dock, and the release of the galls made and
due, or to be made and become due theism-3. To
wields* the harrowing of mosey.

FATAL ACCIDENT TO A CLEEOTRAN AT CLIFTON,
BAUTOL.—An levied wee hett at the General Draper
Tavern, Clifton liotwells, near Bristol, on Friday night last,
spot the body of the Rev. George Hicks., a lIITIECID ash*
Crenireh of England, reeettly filling a career at ronport,
bat who having wane to Clifton for the belie& of hie health,
east with a shocking death by falliag over est of the highest
',Mats of Bt. Vincent's 'sits, imewn as .1 The Lion's
Heed Cliff," an altitude of between 200 end 300 feeto
t the
road below. The jury returned a Toning of "Aotidental
death ;" bet anpressed a hope, es this wee net the area ow
airmen of the kind, that the Boeing of Menthents to which
the Downs belong, on lords etas miner, should build cone
wall, or fines so as to punnet the robin. They wished the
coroner to lido in a atenteliel yogis that it might
be done; but that fenetionary aid it would be nub
better to leave the matter la the hands of the public
prow.

FIRST REPORT OF THE SUB•LIVISION OF

PARISHES CO t ItISSION RS.

To the Queen's Most Excellent Msjoity.—Wr, your
Majesty's C..ismiesioners afp dated "to isepoire into the
practicability and mode of subdividing into distinct a"4
dependtiot parish. a, for an atelesiastical purposeg, all the
densely-peopled parishes in England and Wales, in such
manner that visa population of each, except fa particular
cases, at our discomfits, shall not exceed four thowiand souls,"
have inst.:wed as titans:ye i. quiry throug..nu, ti.. morel
dioceses respecting the condition of such parishes as appear
from the amount of theta population to come within the mope
of voter %jetty's commiwi n. and we are sequirit g much
valuahle information respecting those palettes and thar
existing subdivisions.
We have see ezantined several witnesses for the purpose
of aseeraining the state of the law as applicable to these
subdivisions, of which there are now many kinds, differing
in their legal character and circumstances ; • few only
hating the templets form of distinct and independent
parishes.
The field of our inquiry is so extensive, and the details
which it campy/herds am so various, that we cannot hope,
without mach more information than we yet possess, a. d
ry careful further deliberation, to be able to present to your
Majesty • full report; but we think it advisable to state
without delay oar opinions on some important point/Ira
moving which we are already agreed.
We may, as a prelminary bservation, state that we find
large and extensive powers, relative to the division and
illiii•1111011 of parishes for ecclesiastical purpose, &heady
vested in the Church Building Commistioaen ; but we con-
r the law at present very defect we, with respect to many
important pinto connected with church extension, and with
that improved pastoral euperintendence which it was the
object of the Church Building Atte to effect. It is moe
drivable that those acts, now seventeen in number, should
be consolidated, and that the various t nutmeats scatter.d
through them should be made consistent with one another.
We undendend the t rens of your Majesty's commission,
se directing our inquiry to the expediency of giving • eom
pletely parochial comae et, for all o celniaatical purpose., to
every division or anbdivision of a parish, and of making
every such division and subdivision with its church sod
minister in all respects independent of the original parish;
and we conceive it to be our duty to consider this question,
with reference to admire divisions and subdivisions, as well
• so those which may be made hereafter.
With revard to the question of division, the opinion we
have formed is strongly in favour of entire independence, as
a general principle. There are doubtless loses in which,
Gem peculiar circumstances, it may be desirable to have
chapels of ease served by licensed curates, the incumbent of
the mother ehurch being in every such core incumbent also t f
the chattel of ease ; but we recommend, that there should be
no lateens. diate state between this entire subordination to
the incumbent of the mother church and complete separation
and independence.
One of the chief obstacles is the way of carrying out the
principle of complete separation is the difficulty of making
an adequate provision for the incumben:e of newly formed
nerisher. Wears not yet prepared to report fully on this sub-
ject; hut, in connexion with it, we desire to offer the follow-
lug suggestions.
With respect to pew nate, we are aware that various and
conflicting opinions exist as to the expediency of reeognia
Eng by law the right of nceniog money fee pews or sittings
in churches. Thir, however, has already been done in the
Church Building Acts • and independently of the great
practical difficulty of abolishing so large • source of teen
atictical revenue, we are of opinion that there sr,
dher reasons in favour of the continuance of the
system, and that it may be so regulated as not only not to
exclude the poorer clue's, but in some oases to be made the
moans of encourthirg many to frequent the church, who
now seldom attend public worship.
Although it is no doubt desirable that an incumbent should
derive his income from endowment rather than from pew
ream, and that all 'Wier in church should be free, it must
be borne in laird that in many instating especially in the
cue of additional churches, the income depends chiefly, it
not entirely, on that s now, and thee pew rents are nasally
pail by persons who would not contribute to the support of
the church in any other way, to tie same extent ; and it is
also to be considered, that many parsons, in comparatively
humble life gladly pay a moderate rent for the privilege of
occupying a permanent sitting. The Church Building Com-
missioners are empowered to fix • scale of pew.renos, when-
ever the,' have contributed to build the church, but not
otherwise, except in the ease of a church built under the
Private Patronage Act (1 and 2 Will. 4, e. 38) wiser. such
power is vested by the Cturch Betiding Acts in the Church
Building Commissioners, or by their direction ia the trustees
of a church built under that statute; sad, with three cr-
eepiness, no such power is vested by the Cnorch Building
Acts is any other petty. The scale of pew-rents established
by the commissioners tiny afterwards he revised under
certain conditions; but the aumb r of free sittings origi-
nally settled is incapable oil alteration, although experience
may demonstrate to the conviction of all parties that a
change is desirable.
We are of opinion, that are should be taken to provide a
due propertion of sittings, at moderate rents, for persons of
the middle or lower Wean, and that tree seats should be ap-
propriated to those who cannot afford any pment, but
whose regularity of attendaeoe makes it desirable that ear
nth specified sittings should be appropriated for their use
We also think it desirable, that askule external difference es
possible should be made between rented and free sews.
We also .recommend, that upon any question arising as to
the appropriation or occupancy of settings is any thatch or
chapel, the bishop should be empowered to issue a commis-
don to the archdeacon, rural dean, or one of the aeighb wr-
ing clergy, • clergyman nominated by the incumbent, and
a layman chosen by the churchwardens; and that the den
'ion of them commissioners, it approved by the bishop upon
consultation with his chancellor, should be final.
We recommend that the powers of the Church Building
Commissiossers with respect to thing and altering a scale of
pew rents should be enlarged.
Doubts have arisen on so important point connected with
the right of menpying pews. It ia contended that the in-
habitants of district parishes may not merely continue to
occupy pews and anises, but even hive pews and sittings
assigned to them, is the mother church, at the end of twenty
years, although they shall then have become estempt from
the liability to mph it. We are of opinion that after the
formation of • district se fresh sasignment of sittings in the
mother chunk amid be made to inhabitants of the new
district.

The saleject of fees laid cffierttige has also engaged our
attention, and we have no baited= in expresang our
opinion, that all fees and offerings arising within each tech
damical division should, as soon as possible, he amlgned to
the incumbent of that division.
This general rule, however, cannot be fairly carried into
effect without compensating the existing incumbent of the
mother church, to whom these does bare been reserved, mid
who depends upon them as a portion of his perhaps scanty
Income ; and, in the case of a Heine dependant almost en-
tirely upon fees, the nestemese might require the same
protection. We end that the principle of making compen-
sation in inch cases has been acted upon to a considerable
extent by the ecoladastical oommisii*nere for England.
We next d to the important subject of patronage.
The • phi of amigniag patronage in return for endow-
ment, appear to have be en acted upon from the commence.
mint of our paroehial system ; and it was recognized in the
act 1 & 2 Will. IV., a. 38, -and still more fully in the act of
6& 7 Vie. e. 37, 90 (generally known as Sir R. P. el'a
Act), which provides, that if any person shill offer a bear
&alin deemed sufficient by the Eadesisatkal Comminionera
/or England, he may, upon the recommendation of the coin-
misaionen end by an order of your Majesty in council, be
made patron of any new district or parish constituted under
that act. . . . . . . . .

W4;aire of oplatoa that the prongs,» of the Aet 1 and 2
Wm. 4, e. 38, are capable of improvement, with a view to,
the further encouragement of the erection and endowment
of new churches by private persons.
With respect to the patronage of district parish churches,
the framers of the Act 58 Oeo. 3, o. 45, appear scarcely to
have paid sufficient attention to the ground, on which atone
a right of patronage should be given ; they provided
that the patron of the mother church should, in all
oases, ,become patron of the district parish church
We are of opinion that the right of patronage may, in
such cases, with the consent of certain parties, be properly
usigned to any individual who shall contribute an adequate
endowment.
Similar arrangements es to patronage might be applied to
some of the numerous district churches and chorines, of
which the incumbent of the mother church has already been
made the patron, without having endowed them : the patron-
age, however, not being changed until the next avoidance of
the mother church.
Under the 15th section of the Act 30 IV., e. 72,• provision
is made, empowering incumbents, trustees, and others, with
the consent of bishop, patron, and incumbent, and with the
sanction of the church buildiag commissioners. to surrender
the right of patronage of any church ot benefice in favour of
any corporate body or person, or to mike any
.agreement as
to its endowment for the xpress purpose of improving the
Parochial system by the re eiderAul division of the parish.
By the act 8 & 9 Viet., a. 70, it is provided that the patron-
age of a church may be assigned to any body corporate, or
to any individuals, but then the enigma's» must be made
prior to the consecration of the church, and the consent of
the bishop, patron, and incumbent is required. We are of
opiates that these provisions may be extended; and that
additinial facilities should be given for assigning patronage
isfeeturn for endowment.
We are aware of the difficulties connected with the sub-
ject of church rates, m affecting the division of parishes, but
it appears to us essential that we should offer some sugges-
tions up°n it in this report, minor, In our opinion, the pre-
sent state of the law is at once vague, detective, and un-
just, and forms the chief to the establishment of a sound
sound parochial system.
It has been ureently represented to us that the law in its
present state »flies a very serious hardship on the owners
of property, in distinct and separate parishes end district
pares, by compelling them for twenty years, not only to
provide for the expenses of their own church, but to contribute
towards repairing the 'Bother church. In the cue of a
chapel» distill*, out off from& distinct and separate or dis-
trict ;ninth, the grievance is still greater; for although the
inhabitants, during that period of time, pay • doable mito—
sis, to the mother church and to the distinct and 'operate or
district parish church, they have generally to provide foe
the repairs of their own ehepel also, by voluntary *cairn».
tiona, thus vinosity incurrine the burden of a third rate.
The most obvious remedy would be, that every division
and district should be liable tea tete for its own shuck ex
chapel oily, and for as other. Such a role, however, could
not be immediately and universally applied. Some special
provision must be found for those oases, in which there are
still existing charges on the chars* rates of the whole on-
anal pariah, for the »paymest of moneys borrowed for the
general ecclesiastical purposes of that parish, and also for
eases, in which the mother church has contributed, by rates

or voluntary contributions, towards the erection of a new
chores ; and probstly ataofor other caws, where a very poor
near, Gulp may have been lett to tee mother church, that
church lei g perhaps large and uilapidated and !igniting
frequent and expensive repairs.
We are or op nion that the Chu-ch Building Commission-
ers should be required to re-consider the boundaries art aQ
&vintner Subdivision" of panshee, which have been effected
under proper authority, with special reference to the
question of a part and equitable dirribution of the chunk
rre ; and then to Tee...mond to • our Majesty, in cocoa],
to fix a time when the new parish may be Properly and fair!,
exempted from the double rate, and tile remaining part of the
otiginal parish, and the new pariah, or district, 'overpay
made liable only for .he repair 01 i a own c..urcrn or chejaAl•
and we recommend that each parish or district should
then posams an open p,riah 'miry, with all the incidents,
powers, and promaions applicable to within of parish
churches ; with separate churchwardens, one choerarial
the inhabitant ratepayers within the particular
or district, and the other by the incumbent; and that the
churchwarden belorgiog to any new parish or district
should, so far as may be practicabie, have the same power of
seating the parishioner., as la payees. d by the church-
wardens of old parish churches; and under such circum-
stances we recommend that all select vestries formed under
the Church Building Acts should be abolished.
Soma difficulty may arise in oases where an endowment
has been left, timer for the exclusive becefit of toe mother
church, or for church purposes within ti e parish ; and ca ne
general rule could fairly be applied to all nth COW' it stems
that power to deal with them should be given to
the church buildicg connnicniers.
One of Use mast serious obstacle a to the effectual mbar'.
sion of parishes is found in those numerous !neat acts of par-
liament which have been cons rued to exclude certain pe-
rishes from the operation of the Church Building Aat... It
appears to us, that this °basely to church exaction should
be removed.
Our attention bee been directed to the recent legislation
on the apportionment of parochial charities, which it is
leered will give rise to muen *sedan end expensive litiga-
tion. By the act 3 fleo. IV., c. 72, a. 11, it was provided,
that the chetah building commiseteuers naiad have power
to apportion parochial charities among the several ecelesies-
' teal districts, but en this power could nut be conveniently
ennead by that body, it was afterwards tranterred, by the
act 8 & 9 Viet., c. 70, s. 22, to the Court of Chancery, which
was enabled to apportion them by a summary process. It
appears to us, from cases which have a Irony arisen, that
sums 1111111 tr legialation is nem siary, to prevent litigation
sad expense.
Amongst the subjects to which our attention has beta
directed is that of affording infused totalities to the In-
habitants of parishes or enlesissucal districts, towards pro-
viding themselves wiih suitable places of burial ; the act
9 and 10 Viet. o. 68, mint., parishes or districts, with the
sanction of the Church Building Commissioners, to divide
off land amongst themselves tor separate burial grounds, to
which a chapel for the burial service is attached, osmium to
each parish or denim. We thins that a further power
should be gat a for parishes and districts to unite in pur-
chasing land for this purpoie and homing it off according to
Whir respective wants, and to deny tote cost by a rate ap-
portioned among the several parishes and districts, according
to the extent of land assigned to each.
We hand to prosecute our inquiries, in the hope of ar-
riving at further practical conclusions, and expect to be able
shortly to lay before your Majesty a general view of the
probabto number of aew pertains and new churches re-
quired in ell the dicomes of linked and Wales; but in the
meantime we have considered it to b. our duty to submit to
your Majesty the foregoing suggestions, in the full belief
that their adootian would esientialty promote the object of
your Majesty's commission, not only by facilitating the for-
mation of new parochial divisions, but by giving a more
completely parochial character to the numercus disairs al-
ready formed. All welch we humbly report to your
llajesty.
Wawaa our hands and seals, this ten. nty.seventh day of
July, 1849. T. Bbor, Harrewby, C J. Landon, J. Lich-
field, Ashley, Sidney Herbert, Y. N. Buxton, H. Rains,
John &maw W. F. Rook, T. Dale, William Cotton, W.
Weldon Chanipeeys C. K. Murray, W. Woodrocffe, Jost ph
Heolegreve, H. B. fiealey.—H. lingscote, Sec.