The Express.
London, England, 1847-03-12 00:00:00

aft bad bun pnetiled upon them by the aujnietere of the
MUM to which they were wreck :ad, became it did not
ISM that the government at 'dome had any intimation
d lie ultimate breech of the '.reaty until the molter hed
bairn goratiaL From the rapers on the table it was foRM ,
t
lint WM of Westmoreland wrote to Lord Aherdei 1
eating tut the matter 'fled been much discussed by
united repommtatives of the great powers, but it was
shown that Lord Aberdeen used any precautions, or mobs
any protest tar the subject; on the contrary, on the 26th of
Juno, Loral Aberdeen, writing to Colonel Du Plat at War-
saw. stard " that the three great powers possessed the right
to take proper steps to secure themselves egoist any recur-
rence
of the dangers from which they had recently escaped,
hut that until something positive shall hare occurred to
throw a light on the future determination of the three
groat powers more immediately concerned, her Majesty's'
government would suspend their judgment, and abstain
from active interference on behalf of the republic of Cra•
cow." He thougtt, however, Lord Aberdee., had received
sufficient warnineto hove anticipated a despatch written by
the noble lord opposite (Lord Palmerston) within a very
few days after his return to office. The noble lr,rd writing
to Lord Westmoreland, said, " 1 hare to inforei your lord-
ship that her Majesty's government have learnt with
pleasure the statement contained in, your laid
despatch, and hope that nothing sill be done
in regard to the state in question, which will be at variance
with the etipulatiens of the treat of Vieona." It appeared
to him (Mr. M. Manes) that Cracow, by the interference
of France and England, might still have remained under the
protection of Austria, and retained all her commercial rights
and indepeedence, and he could not but exprees his profound
regret that amongst the powers which had joined in the
atrocity of the annexation of Cracow to Amelia, he found one
which he had koked to as the founder of better things
in the north of Germany. He could have hoped
that the King of Pruada, when about to establish the
model of a constitution in Germany. would not have
neutralised its political advantages by a participation in this
act of the suppression and destruction of en independent
state. (Hear, hear.) Before he set down he wished to say
a word on the subject of the Ruso.Dotch Loan. The hon.
member for Montroee by this motion called upon the house
to register its opinion that the convention of the 3rd Aug.,
1832, hail been violated by Russia, and, therefore, that the
claim for the payment by this country of a large sum of
money no longer existed. Now he was inclined to agree
with the noble lord, at the bead of the government, that this
country was bound in honour to maintain that pay. I
meat; still be thought that a new convention ought
to be introduced for the approval or rejection of
that house. The question involved matters of fact
and evidence, upon which esquiry ought to be made.
This money was paid In consideration of Russia coming
into an arrangement which was, she then considered,
satisfactory and approved of. The general arrangement was
the condition of the payment; and if the suppression of Cra.
cow was a breach of that general arrangement ; if this ar-
rangement with the duchy of Warsaw had formed a most
important point tor the consideration of the convention; and
if, after the greatest attention to all parts of the arrangement,
the establishment of the free state of Encow had been de-
cided on as the best at that time, how could it be said that
Russia had adhered to the general arrangement of the con-
gress of Vienna • and bow could we (Acacia having con-
curred in the breach of lbw arrangements) be authorised,
or be able to pay this debt. Certainly, in the
present case, the state of things which had lad
to the promise being given, did not now exist.
Cracow might be regarded as a geographical atom, bat it
was one of much importance, The Maitre, of
was lees than that of Cracow ; bat, was it to be
that the occupation of Hamburg by Pretoria, with all the
laducementa of the Zollvereiu tow:copy, would be permitted ?
Them caws were perfectly parallel ; and if the latter would
be a Image of the general arrangement, so was the former ;
mid RN convention absolutely fell to the ground.
The WNW arrangements of the treaty of Vienna
W ism Infringed; those general arrangements
wore eesdneive to the peace of the world ; and this
act of the three powers was conducive to the disturbance of
that peace. No man could believe that Europe was now
as secure from confrulaion, or that there was as great
security for the continuance of peace as before this
act took place ; for it was a violation of one of those solemn
right over which there was no statute of Limitations—ow of
those rights established in the international law of Bumps
and the world—and with reference to which he might use
with perfect accuracY, the phrase of the Roman moralist—
Allemande dornft Joß,nunqoamntoritur.