The Express.
London, England, 1847-10-06 00:00:00

ghe 4ffic4rcems.

The mails for Vigo, Oporto, Liston, Madeira, CRAM, anti Gibraltar
will be made up on the monung of the 7th October.
The overland Hotel mail., via lisrecilles, to the Mediterranean,
UM, Aden, Ceclon, India, Hung Kew& Au" will be made up on tba
evening of the 7th October.
The Weft twha mail% excluding those for MeT3eo. 77endnras, an 1
the Harannab, will be made up on the morning of the 18th October.
The mails for British North America, Bermuda, and the United
state., will be made up no the evening of the 19th Oetob,r.
7 be overland motto for Gibraltar, Malt., theme, the It n'un Islands,
T;497tt,Aden, Ceylon, India, Hong-Kong, and Chia', via bouthanaptan,
will be made up on the morning of the 20tte October.
The made for New dooth Wales, Can Diemen's Land. and New
Zealand will be matte op on the owning of the let November.
The mails for the Bruits, the Biver Nate, hlonte Videu, Pernam-
buco, Bahia, Moines, and Buenos Apes, will be made up cat the
'caning of the 4th November.

TO COURTIITONDZSTS.
Yontats.—The mesa has been referred to our ectoeopaadent.
aa.enostoess tatsule4 toe TM 3aptaes lama. ....toe IsatT.toat be
at the Oakes IS Boutertestmeb be Too aloha* as the day or enbllcalloot

PIMEI WATTS at LONDOI.IIIDOR
Taio 10"—X,raleff. p.m 0. MUMMA vole. put 0.
ToMonsow—Mare.4,49sals.past 0. iftfrooos. d I.

LONDON, WEDNESDAY, OCT. 6.

WE have for a long time read nothing in our con-
temporary, the J•uraal des .Thlbats, to which we can
more unhesitatingly apply the epithet of " twaddle,"
than its article of Saturday, on the relative positions
of the Banks of England and of France. The writer
expresses as little the state of public opinion on this
subject in France, as he is aware of the now universal
feeling in England. To test the credit in which
these banks relatively stand. by the sums locked up in
bullion in the vaults of each, is to be at least as far
back in the science of finance as England stood in
1844. All the experience since gathered has been
lost, it seems, upon our friends in Paris. They boast
that the Bank of France, on the 2:ith of September,
held bullion to the amount of 150 millions of francs,
while its liabilities were but 353 millions. The Bank
of England held 8,800,000/., with liabilities to the
extent of 34,800,0001. From the different propor-
tions which these sums respectively show, it is
argued that the Bank of France, with three-sevenths
of its issues locked up in bullion, is safer than the
Bank of England, which thinks it necessary to lock
up only about one-fourth of its liabilities in the
same manner. _ _

We have no desire to argue the assumption, that the
notes of a bank which issues only a thousand francs,
while it retains five hundred in coin, must be safer
than those of either of the great national establish-
ments thus absurdly compared. No: need we inquire
which of the two banks can best afford to repay the
50 millions of francs which constitute the claim of
the Emperor of Russia on each.
The question is one too grave at the present
moment to be made a stalking-horse for national
vanity. The pressure of the moment is too severe to
lose sight of its cause and its effects in the squabbles
of literary partisanship. But we have read the
article in question with pain, because we remember
that it was argument of that description, followed up
by the practice of the Bank of France, which first
engendered a bad feeling amongst the mess of the
people in France against the successful trading and
manufacturing classes. The capitalists, it has been
said a thousand times, know the utility of commanding
monied resources when they require them, as well as
the advantages of having them in a shape that
makes these resources unavailable for foreign
rivals. Now the number of houses in France
which can carry on trade with the aid of
two-hundred franc notes, and which can alleviate the
pressure of high duties by the help of government
credits, is too small in proportion to the mass of the
people at large, to make it good policy to sacrifice the
latter to the gains of the former. And yet few
readers in Paris will see anything but a recommen-
dation of such policy in the self-complacent remark
which concludes the article we allude to, and which
triumphantly points to the number of failures in Lon-
don at a period when credit at Paris is declared to be
unshaken. This, by the bye, is unwarranted boasting,
at the moment when the French government is
confessedly unable to raise a loan.
But although the special case thus set up by the
French journalist is not worthy of serious argument,
yet the mode in which it is put forward is strongly
illustrative of the bias which has been given to the
public mind in considering the banking question.
ICo popular fallacy can boast of rough-riding over
common sense like that which has made people fancy
that the solidity of a hank depends upon the bullion
in its vaults, and therein inferred that its utility
stood in an inverse ratio to the extent of its circula-
tion. Yet upon no broader foundation than this is
the whole st: ucture of the Bank Charter Act, with
the accompanying limitations on private credit,
set up.
What security does any bank of issue, even with
the largest fund of bullion, offer, if the bills which it
holds are worthless? Are the holders of notes of the
Bank of Paris to rest contented with the assurance
that one-third of their claim exists in the shape of
bullion ? Or is not a sounder reason for confidence to
be deduced from the expectation that the other two-
thirds are equally secure? What bank can exist
without participating in the merchant's risk? And
what security has the public beyond the judgment
and knowledge of the banker in whom he places con-
fidence ?

But supposing that the holder of a note discovered
in the means by which one-third of its sum was to be
secured in bullion a fault by which the other two-
thirds were specially endangered, what would his
opinion then be of the bullion hoard ? If he found
that by allowing accommodation to producers the means
of consumers were crippled, would he call that doing
good business ? Would, under such circumstances, the
bullion hoard satisfy his scruples? Now this is exactly
what our present restrictive laws are accused of doing.
Their operation is to ensure, to the extent of one-third,
the payment in bullion of our present issues of notes.
But by contracting the currency cf the country they
cripple trade, and must ultimately lower wages and
check trading exertion. If the present system be
persisted in, the pressure will inevitably come round
to the bankers, small as their issues are ; for their
notes must suffer in the general want of confidence.
Frequent presentations will make them refuse dis-
counts, and the local difficulties thus created may
saddle them eventually with bills which, according to
all common calculation, ought to be first-rate, but
which nevertheless cannot be redeemed. We com-
plain, therefore, of the system which holds up a
security of a portion of issues in bullion as being
of more consequence than the good state of the credits
which ere pledged for the whole, and on the security
of which alone issues ought to be made.
. _ •• •

But what if a due cultivation of mercantile credit
contributed to augment the bullion hoard in the
banker's vault ? We maintain that such would be its
inevitable result. A currency based upon the trader's
wants, and capable of contraction or expansion as
these grow or diminish, regulated by the judgment
of intelligent bankers and merchants, or manufac-
turers, and steadied by competition under full pub-
licity, would bring about an economy of money that
would banish a large amount of coin from circula-
tion. This coin might (if no better use could be de-
vised) form a hoard less costly than the sums now
withdrawn from a contracted currency. Under these
circumstances the credit, or banking side of a hank of
issue, would resume its natural importance, and the
vault would sink to its proper subserviency. This is
what is now demanded by the trading world.

FEW Englishmen have revisited their native shores
after years of absence, spent in danger and heroic
efforts for the joint good of their country and of
humanity, who have deserved a warmer welcome
than Mr. BROOKE, of Sarawak. A young man, he
set forth on a life of adventure, as if in search of such
a sphere and such a mission, as he chanced to find.
His discoveries, struggles, and success, form as in-
teresting a narrative as any life of any of those old
discoverers who set out with fleets and charters, and
a sovereign's sanction. Mr. BROOKE commissioned
solely by his own generous and ardent spirit. Fleets
were afterwards not wanting to the high purpose.
They seem to have sprung up by magic to his aid, and
to have been conjured up and kept by that chivalrous
and disinterested spirit in Mr. BROOKE, which in-
stantly commanded the sympathy of all our naval cap-
tains. No sooner does one of them happen to penetrate
or cast anchor in the waters of Mr. BROOKE than they
are fascinated by his accounts, his projects, and even
his Quixotism. None escape his influence; and what-
ever the orders or the aims of their first adventures
into those sees, Mr. BitooxL no sooner boards a royal
vessel, than he seems to have L'ken possession of cap-
tain and crew, and sent them here, ^r them

there, as if ho were a Lord of the Admiralty is those

And yet we cannot say that Mr. BROOKE ever
wielded his magic power for an unworthy, or foolish,
or even an unsuccessful, purpose. However Quixotic
or uncalled for it might have been to have invaded
the shores of Borneo, for the sake of conquest, or
even of avenging outrage, had these seas and
realms been merely frequented as of old, it was
impossible, since the opening of the Chinese trade,
and the conversion sf these seas into its very high
road, to leave our vessels, our property and seamen, at
the mercy of a population whose predatory habits and
daring would inevitably have increased with the
quantity and wealth of their prey. The little war,
therefore, which we have undertaken, was an imvita-
We one. _
. .

However little, the war has its seriousness. Piracy
in those seas and islands somewhat resembles the
slave trade on the African coast. It has demoralised the
population, and absorbed all that is bold and energetic
of the race in this one lucrative pursuit. There is
no other with one hundredth part the chance of gain,
and consequently not all the risk of punishment and
death will compel the abandonment of it, until higher
premiums are offered for honest industry and trade
than for man-robbery. In Africa the cruel climate
has defeated our every endeavour. In Borneo we
have experienced no obstruction from this enemy.
But still, the patting down of piracy, and the forcing
the Malays and Maks to abandon their predatory
habits, is an achievement which, however gallantly
commenced, is one that not even Mr. BROOKE himself
will probably see the end of.
We have an example on the coast of Africa to what
expenditure and what sacrifice such aims, however
just and philanthropic, may lead, if over zealously
or incautiously pursued. We have, however, wisely
abstained as yet from risking too much, or venturing
too far on Pulo-Kalamantan, as the region is chive--
rously called. We have confined our occupation to
an island, with a good port, abounding in coal, in the
highway of :trade, and well placed as a depot for
such articles as Borneo produces. This is quite
enough : and it is to be hoped that we shall carefully
avoid further burthens or establishments.
At one time our interference and stipulation with
the Sultan of BRUM or BonNEO menaced to entangle
us in the dynastic and local struggles of the country.
The Sultan is, no doubt, a useful ally, and may be
very influential, if sincere, in putting a stop to piracy;
although the execution of pirates with the royal
hand, and at a full court ceremony, is carrying the
zeal for our alliance and our views to a pitch that
might be dispensed with. What is now to be feared
is, lest the Sultan, in recompense for such devotion,
may expect to be supported in war by English vessels,
whenever it shall please a nephew or a Pangerang to
dispute the honour of the throne or his umbrella.
In one respect we arc sorry for the appointment
of Mr. BROOKE as Consul-General. When a private
individual, he placed at once his friends and the public
in possession of all his information. But appointed
to a diplomatic or administrative post, Mr. BROOKE
will be bound to act the mysterious, and to keep for
himself and his principals the results of his observa-
tions and experience. Nevertheless, thronged as we
have been of late with heroes from the Asiatic side of
the globe, not one of them is entitled to a greater
weed of welcome and respect than the Lord of
Sarawak.

WHEN we seo a man who ocmpics the position
Sir ROBERT PEEL does, collecting around him an
agricultural congress, uniting "science with prac-
tice," bringing together men distinguished for sci-
entific knowledge bearing upon agriculture, and skil-
ful practical farmers, and when we remember the
eminently practical character of the ex-premier's
mind, we may be sure that there is some meaning in
the movement. The illustrations of the men of sci-
ence and the facts of the model farmers, interesting
as they are, would be neither new enough nor im-
portant enough to justify a gathering which
could not fail to be remarkable. The read-
ers of the Journal of the Royal Agricultural Society
will be aware of seme improvements and experiments,
particularly in the way of draining. which have been
effected, and are in progress, on Sir ROBERT PEEL'S
estate, and no educated man can have embarked in
the improvement of land without becoming deeply
interested in the subject. But we doubt whether the
enthusiasm of an improver would alone have induced
the right honourable baronet to originate such a
meeting as that recorded to have been lately held at
Drayton Manor. It is difficult for a statesman and
politician in this country, whether in or out of office,
to merge his public in his private character, and to
divest his acts of a quasi pubiic aspect.
And hero there Is a plain and obvious personal
and public purpose to be served by such an assembly
as that we allude to. Sir ROBERT PEEL, driven from
office by the section of the landowners who have
arrogated to themselves the special guardianship of
the agricultural and landed interest, because he I
removed from British husbandry that protection
against foreign competition whereon farmers and
" farmers' friends" had too implicitly relied, seeks to
show by the plainest practical demomtration that he
has done no disservice to British husbandry. In
answer to the taunts of " treachery," launched at
him by the TYRELLS and GRANBY9, he assembles
chemists and geologists, who can show the
aids to increased production which science has yet
in store for the British fanner, and brings them in
contact with men who have shown practically the
capacity for production which has hitherto remained
undeveloped in British soils. Does any one doubt
that some such motive must have operated on the
mind of the author of the corn law of last year ? Can
any one deny that the experiments of a HURTABLE
or a Mean, and the details of the results of high
fanning by a WOODWARD, and other tenant-farmers,
form the most complete refutation of the arguments
and statistics of a BENTINCK and a DISRAELI ?

Nor is this all. Sir ROBERT PEEL must be aware
that the relations of landlord and tenant in England,
and the laws and practices which control and regu-
late those relations, are in a most unsatisfactory state.
Nobody knows better the conditions on which alone
capital will be invested in husbandry,than Sir Wilmer
PEEL; no one has more distinctly announced the
principle that on security of tenure all general agri-
cultural improvements must be based ; and few are
more alive to the influence which the discussion of
such topics has upon public opinion. Sir ROBERT
PEEL must see that the time is come when common
sense and common honesty should be applied to the
management of landed property.
It might be supposed, from the leading part taken
at agricultural meetings by landowners and great
men, that they are the leaders, and that farmers are
the followers in rural improvements; but the reverse
is the truth. BAKEWELL, a tenant-fanner, was the
first great improver of Leicester sheep, as were Messrs.
Cotcisos, farmers also, of short-horn cattle; and
tenant-farmers, men who breed live stock for profit,
are now, and always have been, the up-
holders of our national pre-eminence in that
branch of husbandry. Let any one go into
Smithfield-market and contrast the home-bred
cattle with the foreign importations, and compare our
own " Downs" and " Leicesters" with long•legged
wool-less sheep from the Continent, and he will fully
understand the obligations the consumers of meat are
under to the breeders cf British live stock. Now, the
same degree of enterprise has not been applied to the
cultivation of the land as to the breeding of stock,
and consequently the same degree of success has not
been attained in the ono case as in the other.
The reason of the diversity is, the obstacles to good
cultivation interposed by landowners. Lord TALBOT,
at Drayton Manor, declared that, although a farmer
all his life, he did not know how to grow crops till
he had visited the farm of Mr. WooDwar.o, a tenant-
farmer; and Mr. WOODWARD himself stated, " that
farming efficiently carried out, with capital and skill,
may be made as profitable an investment as railways
or other branches of commerce." And this observa-
tion points to the fact that farming, to bo profitable,
must be regarded as an investment of capital;
whereas too many landlords, as well as farmers, re-
gard it as little more than a yearly gathering of the
unassisted natural produce of the soil. With tho ex-
ception of the richest grazing pastures, which are of
very limited extent, this is a fatal mistake. And
even on the grazing pastures a heavy capital must
be invested in grazing stock. And what are the
condition. on which " capital and skill" will be in-
vested in farming ? Mr. WOODWARD told the
Drayton Manor congress that he " regarded the ex-
tensive burning of clay as a most important prac-
tice ;" yet most clay land farmers are forbidden to
burn clay. Again, he urged " the necessity of some
enactment " by the legisMturo to secure "to the
outgoing tenant the whole unexhausted value of
tho improvement,/ Ile h 44 outdo."

So Mr. Mem detailed his improvements by
means of outlays which could only be prudently
undertaken by tenants having a long term of posses-
sion. And Mr. Iluxvilme especially impressed on
the landed proprietors present "the duty of allowing
tenants to break up the poorer lands now lying ingress,"
and stated that his own improvements could not have
been effected unless his landlord had permitted him
to break up grams land, to remove all the hedgerow
timber, and to grub up all the hedgerows except the
boundary fence.
From these premises but one conclusion can be
drawn, which is, that landlords must adapt their sys.
tern, and the legislature must adjust the law of land-
lord and tenant, to the exigencies of the times. It is
impossible to doubt that Sir ROBERT PEEL himself
draws such a conclusion. Nor have we far to go to
find landowners fully making such admissions. Be-
sides the frank advocacy of leases by Lord STR %1)-
BROKE, we find Lord SAN DON in North Staffordshire
declaring that tenants ought to have leases, and that
tenant right—the right to be paid the value of tines-
hausted improvements—should be applicable to
all occupiers, whether holding by lease or other-
wise. So, at the Lichfield Agricultural Association,
Col. ANSON, M.l'., said that " tenants could not be
expected to lay out large sums of money in improving
their land unless they had some security afforded that
they would be allowed to reap the benefit;" and he
expressed an opinion that the questions now at issue
between landlords and tenants " must be settled in
some way, whether by law, or some more amicable
manner, and he trusted that that settlement
would soon take place." Lord INCESTRE said he
" thought that something should bo done to settle the
question between landlords and tenants. Ile was
opposed to leases ; but he believed that a fair and
equitable system of tenant right would be the best
arrangement that could be come to." How different
is this tone from that assumed by the landowners
when struggling to uphold the corn laws. Yet even
the majority of them, like Lord INOESTRE, are
" opposed to leases," and either refuse to grant them,
or incumber them with restrictions and burdens of the
most vexatious character. We hail, however, the
meeting at Drayton Manor as a good omen for hus-
bandry, and believe that the time is not fur distant
when sound commercial and economical principles will
regulate the contracts between landlords and agricul-
tural tenants.

An outline of the following appeared in a portion of
our last evening's issue.
The Paris papers and our letters of Monday have
arrived. They continue to report the progress of the
electoral reform agitation. Eight of the councils-
general, in spite of the moral coercion exercised over
these bodies by the government, have declared for re-
form. The reform banquets continue. Ono was to
have been given on Tuesday, at Pierut, in Dordogne;
others are about to be held at Blois and Autun.
The ministers begin to return to Paris. M. Du-
chatel has arrived from Itambouillet ; M. Hebert has
also returned.
The course pursued by the Journal des DRiats
(until very recently) of throwing every species of
vituperation, ridicule, and abuse on the party in Italy
which have joined in the present popular movement
1 towards political reform has been frequently, noticed
by all the organs of the press both in. London and
Paris. It has also excited tho indignation of the
Italian journals. So long as each diatribes wero
limited to generalities that admitted of no other
answer but similar generalities on the opposite
side, the matter was of little consequence. The
editor of a Leghorn journal, however, has laid
hold of a specific report given by the Journal des
Debats, on ti.e professed authority of a correspondent,
in which certain popular demonstrations in Tuscany
were represented, and has, in consequence, addressed
to the editor of the Debate the following letter:
Sir,--If it is true that you have a correspondent at Leg-
horn, and that he has written to you on the festival of the
3th of Sept. in the terms you have published in your paper of
the Ilth inst., I must say that if he has not written under
the influence of that drunkenness which he attributed to the
inhabitants of Leghorn he is a most vile and infamous
calumniator, and I have to request you to publish his name
that it may be covered with public op, robrium by all civi-
lised nations. But if, under the pretext of a hypocritical
charity, you continue to conceal his name, it will be evident
that your correspondent is fictitious, and that the calumny
above mentioned is the product of your own vile imagina-
tion, excited by your cupidity. I congratulate you, Mon-
sieur Journalist ! If your assertions are paid for in propor-
tion to their distance from the truth, you have gained by one
single article a whole year of the secret funds.—ANOLLO
SFOILit. Leghorn, Sept. 21, 1897.
P.S.—That the absence of a categorical answer from you
may demonstrate with evidence your want of good faith, let
me remind you that, by a wise and just disposition of our
Tuscan law on censorship, the visa inscribed by the censor
on this present article, while it absolves me from further re-
sponsibility for it to the government, does not relcase me
from the obligation of giving an account of my statements to
the tribunals relative to what I have published against you
or your correspondent, so that if your correspondent (suppos-
ing such a person exists) or yourself (should that not be the
case) can prove the truth of the odious facts you have in-
vented, and free yourself from the accusation of a vile and
unjust slanderer which I have addressed to you, and now
again address to you, the tribunal will condemn me to the
penalty I have incurred. I defy you openly to confront that
Judie..., before which I shall willingly present myself, sup.
posted by my right and by the testimony of three Italian
towns, united in one on that noble day—by that of tho
foreigners of respectability who all took an equal share in
zy our joy, I can even rel on the depositions of the French
residents themselves at hors, and echo all, or almost all,
blush at haring fir their dlow-countryntan the deserter of
Ghent !
_ . _

_
A treaty of commerce has been concluded between
France and Naples, of which the Monitcur of Mon-
day gives the following synopsis:
the King's government has just exchanged with the
government of his Sicilian Majesty the ratifications of a
treaty destined to complete the clauses of the treaty of com-
merce and navigation concluded at Naples on the 14th June,
1845, and the simultaneous execution of which in the two
states commenced on the 10th July of the same year. By
the convention signed at Paris on the 25th February, 1817,
there were stipulated in our favour considerable advantages
for commerce; but the changes successively made in the
Sicilian tariff of customs had in a few years entirely an-
nulled their value. In vain did our ambassador protest
against modifications which doubled and even trebled the
amount of the duties in the kingdom of the Two Sicilies on
products of the soil and manufactures of France. The con-
stant reply to our complaints was that the Neapolitan go-
vernment, in granting to French commerce a general reduc-
tion of 10 per cent. on the amount of the customs duties, had
not bound itself never to modify its tariffs. The Klan's
government, therefore, in 181.5 performed an act really pro-
fitable to the interests which it had to protect, when it re-
nounced privileges which, in their application, had become
completely illusory, in order to be able to obtain in return
important reductions of the duties on special products of our
manufactories. The advantages which were conceded to us
in the treaty of the 14th June, and by the declaration of the
15th October, 184.5, consisted in a reduction of a third, half,
and even two-thirds of the duties in the Neapolitan tariffs
on divers French manufactures, and especially the products
of the manufactures of Paris. These reductions are now
secured to us for a period of ten ycars at least, without
prejudice during that period to a reduction of one-tenth on
the duties in the tariff as regards French products imparted
into the kingdom of the Two Sicilies. At the same time
that the Cabinet of Naples was negotiating the treaty which
contains these concessions, it was preparing with several
other Dowers, particularly England, Austria, Russia, and the
United States, treaties which are now in execution, and
which confer upon them, without condition of reciprocity,
the national treatment as regards the rights of navigation.
Similar stipulations had been proposed to the French nego-
tiators, but as they did not do justice to the earnest and
incessant remonstrances of our e--ewerce aaainst the sur-
-e-

charge on the export of Neapolitan oils in foreign ships,
they were by common accord left out of the French treaty.
Thin decision, however, was not come to without regret by
the two courts, and on each side the hope was retained of
being able to come to an understanding as regarded the
flags of the two countries. The king's government was in
particular desirous of procuring for our exporters in the
ports of the kingdom of Naples an equivalent for the advan-
tages enjoyed at Marseilles by the numerous Neapolitan'
vessels which enter that port. The natural opportunity of
again resuming the question presented itself after a discus-1
mon which had taken place on the application of one of
the articles of the treaty. The negotiations were therefore
resumed, and his Sicilian majesty having, in the course of
them, issued a decree suppressing the surcharge on the ex-
port of oils in favour of foreign flags, the king's government
did not hesitate to subscribe to the proposition for en atldf.
tional convention to the treaty of the 14th June, 1815. In
virtue of this new arrangement, all the products of the soil
and manufactures of the two countries coming from one of
them into the other, are to be subj ected there to the same duties
and to enjoy the same favours, whether imported in French
or Neapolitan vessel.; and the products whivh can he legally
exported or re-exported from one of the two countries to the
other, are to be subjected to the same duties and to enjoy
the same favours, whether effected by the vessels of one
country or the other. In the second place, all French ships
arriving in the port of the Two Sicihe., and all the ships of
the Two Sicilia arriving in the French porta, will on
their entries and departures be put on the same footing as
the ships of the two nations respectively, in everything that
relates to navigation duties properly so called : provided such
ships come direct front one of the ports of France into one of
the ports of the Two Sicilia, or from one of the ports of the
Two Sicilia' to one of the ports of France. Such is in
substance the treaty recently entered into between tho cab!.
nets of Paris and Naples. The financial measures which it
necessitates will be submitted to the approbation of the two
chambers at the opening of the next session. The carrying
into execution, of the convention of May 12, will complete

the stipulatims which for two years have formed till basis
of the relatiou of commerce and navigation between the two
countries. ty an arrangement concluded between France
and the Two Sicilia on the 17th May last, and ratified on
July 19, the two courts regulated the intervention of their
respective cresols in the disposition of the property of
deceased persona

The Madrid mails of the 28th have arrived. It was
generally expected that before the 10:1 inst. several
decrees of great importance, affecting the church,
the bourse, and commerce, would be promulgated.
Operations for account, at the Bourse, would, it
was said, be re-established. and modifications
of the tariff decided on. It was reported that after
the publication of these decrees M. Salamanca would
confer personally with the deputies, and, in case he
should find any formidable opposition to be declared
on their parts, that ho had decided to dissolve the
Cortes. The general opinion in Madrid appeared to
be, that dissolution in such a case was probable.
M. Pacheco had left for Rome, where he is nomi-
nated ambassador. One of the private letters coming
from the moderado party says that the ministry had
decided to order General Narvaez to return to Paris,
and that the general had a long interview with the
Minister of Foreign Affairs, the result of which was
not agreeable to the general.

We learn, by advices received from Italy, that Lord
'Alinto had arrived on the 26th ult at Caluso, a villa
near Turin, the residence of the English minister to
that court. It was expected that his lordship would
remain for some Vine at Turin. A semi-official
journal of Paris, Le Censerratotr, attempts to
discredit the liberal tendencies ascribed to the
King of Sardinia. If that journal can be
credited, the letter of the king to his secre-
tary, which was printed in immense numbers, and
circulated throughout the entire extent of the terri-
tory of l'iedmont, is a mere fiction—an impudent
fabrication, which it is insinuated Charles Albert has
not publicly disavowed, although, to his intimate
friends, he has said enough to show them that he
was not the writer of such a document. In short,
according to the Conserrateur, Charles Albert is not
unwilling to accept the popularity produced by
the circulation of the fiction, but is unwilling to ac-
cept the responsibility it might impose upon him in
his diplomatic relations with other states.
Letters from Vienna to the 21th ult. clear up
one of the contradictions we have noticed. It
appears that tho execution of the arrangement
respecting Ferrara, which we reported some days
since, is postponed for the present, on the plea
of the news which arrived at Vienna of disturbances
alleged to have broken out in Lucca, Tuscany,
Parma, and Modena. Orders had actually been ex-
pedited for the evacuation of the town of Ferrara, but
had been countermanded.

The Rhenish Obsercer, commenting on these facts,
says:
The opinion prevails that the right; Austria pO3SCIIICA over
the countries above mentioned, governed by Austrian
princes, are to be main:tired, if necessary, by the strength
of arms. What is certain is, that if, for example, a liberal
constitution, or even en ultra-liberal constitution, which is
not beyond the limits of possibility, should be adopted in
Tuscany, Austria would consider it to be her duty. in virtue
of her rights of succession, to expostulate against such a state
of things, either by a protestation, or by an intervention in
due form. The conduct of the Duke of Lucca, as well as
that of the Grand Duke of 'll:treaty, has met with general dis-
approbation in every region of our society, and it is believed
that all the events which have occurred at Leghorn and
Florence were not commanded by the force of circum-
steno( s. The resolutions concerning the affairs of Italy
have been decided on, in the conference which took place on
the 18th of this month.
The tilazetta Pririkagiata di Lucca of the 276 a Ats
contains tho new law on the press. It allows every
person the right of publishing his opinions, and dis-
cussing the acts of the government; it forbids all pub-
lications cantrary to the Christian religion, public
morals, and the rights of the sovereign; as also all
offences against governments, magistrates, ministers
of worship, foreign princes and their representatives,
and all writings directly subversive of public order or
the safety of the state. A committee of preventive
censorship, composed of three censors and two substi•
' tutes, is established, against whose decision an appeal
may be laid before a superior council of censorship,
composed of five members and two substitutes. The
approval byf one censor establishes the right of publi-
cation. 'transgressions of the present law are
punished with fines front 23 to 200 lire, and impri-
sonment from a fortnight to six months in the first
instance; for a second transgression the amount of
fine and term of imprisonment is doubled.
The Roman Adcertiser, of the Vith, has the fol-
lowing :
The affairs of Naples wear a most serious
.aspect. The
king maintains an attitude of terrible severity. Instant
death awaits all who have meddled with, or borne part in,
the insurrection, and Sicily is a veritable slaughter-house.
The worst news front Naples—a reign of terror !It is asserted
that, quite recently, twelve persons were condemned to be shot
—on counting the bodies, they were found to be thirteen.
—ln Messina the immense number of troops sent from
Naples had compelled the insurgents to retreat to a distance
until more matured events :strata admit of their return.
Favoured by the small military force stationed in
Malam.o, they had succeeded in possessing themselves
of the armed pasts there, and exciting the popu-
lam to arms. Thus much accomplished, they had re-
tired into the interior of the island, inducing all the districts
through which they passed to arm themselves, so that it be-
gins to he dangerous, or at least difficult, for the troops to pe-
netrate into the country, as they will have to fight their way
past every house, as long as the excitement thus aroused en-
dures. Much is hoped from this. The chief is said to be a
certain Antonio Miler°. In general the number of the
killed is stated at about thirty ; but the loss of the soldiers is
not known, as they have carefully concealed the bodies, and
the wounded are provided for in the military hospital, with
which there is no extraneous communication. The town is
patrolled by troops. Nothing is heard but praises of the ex-
traordinary courage shown by that handfal of men, about a
hundred in all, who fought openly through the streets, and,
who being almost all good marksmen, must have done con-
siderable mischief among the troops. Each man took de-
liberate aim, sad it is more than probable that many shots
took effect. A report prevails in Messina that those who
had made themselves masters of Reggio, having received the
fire of 14 charges of grape from 4 steamers drawn up along
the shore, had been forced to retire and quit the city. They
are, however, mush more numerous than the Messinese, since
it appears they have found an echo in the population, and
having penetrated among them, have traversed all the adja-
cent districts, exciting them to arm. Their numbers are so
far extended in this quarter, that troops are now landing at
various points of Calabria; they do not, however, march
inland,perhaps from the fear of finding themselves blockaded
among the mountains and woods, or of meeting with too
strong a resistance. It is at least a tact to be gathered from
the language of these people, that, in spite of the losses they
have suffered, and the presence of so many troops, they are
cheerful in the great confilence which animates them. In
Naples, on the 10th, two frigates, with troops, were ready to
sail, and a steamer had left the port, having in tow two
paranselle, filled with soldiers, destined therefore to land at
some points where the water is shallow. Their destination,
however, is not known, but is conjectured to be either Cala-
bria or Sicily. More arrests have taken piece at Naples, to
such a number that it is said about a thousand are incar-
cerated in Naples and Sicily together, for political causes.
The Nuremberg Corrcsyontkne gives the follow-
ing, under the date of Rome, Sept. 20:
A short time since a Jew was arrested at Viterbo, and
conducted hither. He was the bearer of letters from the
ex-governor Gramelini and the lieut.-colonel Nardoni. It is
not ascertained to whom these letters were addressed, but
they are now in the hands of government. We hear
(rain Genoa that the Sardinian government is about to send
a ship of the lino to station near Civita Vecchia. The King
of Sardinia has ordered the fortifications of Alexandria and
Novara to be repaired immediately. The deputies whom
the inhabitants of Tuscany wish to send to Rome, to thank
Pim IX. in the name of all the Tuscan towns, will strive at
Leghorn on the 2.3 th, and on the 30th will concert on the
most proper manner of fulfilling their mission. They are
to start on the Ist Oct Government has placed a steamer
at their disposal.
The Suabian Mercury gives the following, under
the date of Venice, Sept. 26 :
It appears that there was sonic dread of disturbances, yes-
terday evening, on the occasion of the tombola which had
taken place in honour of the congress. A great number of
persons had thronged together in the square of St. Mark.
The number is said to have reached 50,000. Measures are
said to have been taken to put out the gas lights. Fortu-
nately, nothing of the kind occurred. The measures adopted
by government have prevented the execution of this plot ; so
all went off peaceably. This morning can he seen in some
ports of the town these words, written with charcoal
Viva Pio IX Viva Italia !"

• ••- - -
The Aagsbary Gazette of the Ist has the following,
without dates:
It was said at Rome that a letter was to be sent to all the
bishops of Christendom. requesting them to order prayers to
be said in their respective dioceses in favour of the states of
the church, but that diplomacy has succeeded in its efforts to
cause tkis grave determination to be relinquished.—We re-
ceive a letter from Lucca of the 21th inst. The duke was
expected to return on the ensuing day.—lt was said that the
Empress Maria Louisa had abdicated ; nearly at theaame
moment we receive letters from Vienna announcing the re-
turn of her MujeetT to Parma.—We receive letters from
Naples stating the insurrection of the two Calabrias to be
stifled up in every part. However, government was making
great preparations of military defence to maintain order in
every direction.

Reports of the preliminaries of internal conflict
continue to arrive from Switzerland. The result of
the Landsgemeindc of Schwytz, which we gave yes-

terday on the authority of some Swiss journals, seems
to be exaggerated. Oat of 8,000 votes about 2,000
favoured obedience to the decrees of the federal
government. The report made by a Besancon journal
of the expedition of large convoys of arms and ammu-
nition, including numerous pieces of artillery, to the
cantons of the Sonderbund from the arsenals of
France, is fully confirmed by letters from Berne of
the 30th ult. So far as these accounts can be relied
on, the French government giving active support and
sending supplies to the recusant cantons, and at the
same time affording them support and countenance by
her diplomacy, renders it almost certain that the
federal government will be compelled either to allow
its decisions to be set at defiance or to enforce them
at the point of the bayonet and the cannon's mouth.
Among the liberal cantons the foremost in their war-
like preparations are the large and powerful
cantons of Barge, Zurich, and Vaud. The first
has ready for the field nearly 20,000 infantry, sixteen
companies of carbineers, sixteen batteries of artillery,
and six companies of chasseurs a cheval. The second
has 10,000, and the third 18,000 men ready for
action. The central government at Berne had re-
ceived despatches from Fribourg, with the intelligence
that a collision had already taken place, the militia
of Fribourg having violated the Bcrnese territory
and fired over the inhabitants of one of the villages.
Accounts from Geneva represent opinion in that can-
ton as being more divided on the questions agitated.
The Basle Ga:ette announces that an alarming dis-
turbance has broken out in the canton of Neufchatel,
which is a principality annexed to the crown of
Prussia, at the same time that it forms one of the
confederated states of Switzerland. A revolutionary
was celebrated there on the 12th of September,
the authors of which the government were not able
to detect At Vallengin the portrait of the King of
l'russia was decapitated in the hull of the Pekin de
Justice. The council of state was in session, and the
militia was called out. Apprehensions of serious
results were entertained.

MADRID, SEPT.
It seems that Salamanca's five decrees, coming BO
thick on one another, have fairly knocked the breath
out of the press. To-day the papers of all colours
aro full of generalities about the constitution, and so
forth. Analysis and criticism are deferred till to-
morrow. The Clamor, usually so cool and argumen-
tative, is in a foaming rage at the dictatorial measures,
which, it says, only want the formula used by the
kings of Castile in the middle ages : " Valgan como si
estuviesen hechos en Cortes" (to hold good as if made
in Cortes), in order to present a perfect pattern of
feudal legislation. Strange to say, the licraltlo,
hitherto the bitterest foe of the government, abates
much of its opposition. and even approves the sale of
municipal property, although, in common with nearly
all the other journals, it condemns the alienation of
charities. Are we to conclude that Narvaez is advan-
cing to a league with Salamanca ? There are other
circumstances which favour such a supposition, not
to attribute much weight to the nods and wreathed
smiles exchanged in the opera-box of some mutual
friend, such as Buschenthal, which are much noticed
and commented on by the Wands of the pit. It seems,
in fact, that the subject, which at present absorbs the
attention of ministers is, what shall be done with the
Duke of Valencia? A day or two ago Narvaez de-
clared to his friends his intention of resigning his
ambassadorship, but was by them dissuaded from
this step. I hear that the government are divided as
to whether they shall insist upon his resignation or
his return to Paris, for it is out of the question his
continuing to receive 23,000 dollars a year for doing
nothing, or rather, for being a centre of intrigue at
Madrid. Besides these, there is a third course in
pow, which is to set him at the head of the ministry.
I have already spokeuof the friendsnpon whose services
he can reckon, among its members. The awfelly
bold plunge made by Salamanca, who, like a desperate
player, stakes his life on the cast, does not imply, as
the Corrco asserts, an intention of forming a great
ministerial party in the country, for the majority of
the five measures he has just proclaimed aro essen-
tially unpopular. The constitutional progresistas
having declared war against him, his only remaining
resources are the ayacuchos, or Narvaez; and if Men-
dizabal and his party follow the example of the
Cortina set, Don Jose will be put to his last card, the
hero of Ardoz. Meantime the tone of the Expect:Om.,
organ of the Mendizshal-progresistas, is cold
and reserved towards the ministry. The report
of the .Pepidur that Mr. Bulwer had solicited
his recall, which went the round of the papers
yesterday, is utterly unfounded. The good-natured
suppositions are eqaally false which that evening
journal (nicknamed the I arolito, or little Faro) ap-
pends to its false report—namely, that the bad health
of the English minister-plenipotentiary was the ex-
cuse, but the real cause of his retreat was Lord Pal-
merston's disapproval of his diplomacy; the fact
being that Mr. Bulwer received with his last des-
patches the most unqualified approbation from our
foreign minister of all that he had done. For the
rest, although Mr. Bulwer obtained some months'
leave of absence from Madrid some time ago, for the
purpose of recruiting his health, he has no intention
((news which is not likely to be very agreeable to the
Popular party) of availing himself just yet of the
same. The fact of our government having rejected the
plan of a treaty of commerce which was drawn up be-
tween Senor Salamanca and Mr. Bulwer has, I be-
lieve, encouraged the notion expressed by the Popular.
But every one knows that negotiations of this kind
are frequently set in train and broken off without the
least reflection of blame from the government upon
its envoy.
The news from Catalonia is not very stirring.
Concha is going to establish telegraphs throughout
the principality, beginning with the coast line, a
measure of excellent promise.
Letters from the Canaries have appeared in the Eco,
giving notice of warlike preparations of the authori-
ties as if against an attack. This mystery is variously
handled by the other papers.
Baschenthal has been appointed Geutilhombre do
Camara to the Queen. General Alaix has been pre-
sented with the title of Duke of Vcrgara.
The Heraldo gives the following list of new
governors-general :—New Castile, Llorente ; Old Cas-
tile, Ponzoa ; Galicia, Bonifazio do Cordova ; Cata-
lonia, General Lavalette ; Valencia, General Sake ;
Granada, Cavestani ; Seville, Gispert ; Estremadara,
Lille ; Aragon, General Lavigne.
The Clamor draws attention to letters fromCorunna
denouncing an extensive plot of reactionary tendency.
On the let of October the Bank of San Vernando is
to receive 60 millions of reels from the government, in
part payment of arrears. As soon as they got notice
of this happy news the bank junta assembled imme-
diately, to vote an address of thanks to the minister
from whom it came.

• •-- ----- --
Some business has been done in the Three per Cents,
to-day, at 261.

FRANCE.—PARIfi, OCT. 4.—THE VINTAGE IN
Fa.ANCE.—The vintage is become general in the south of
France. In Provence, Itoussilloa, the arrondissements of
Narbonne, Bhiers, Montpellier, and Nimes, the produce is I
estimated by the growers at a fifth more than last year, but
some accounti make it amonnt to half as much more. In
the Armagnac, Bordelais, and Saintonge, the first gatherings
indicate a larger quantity than had been expected, and con-
sequently empty casks hare greatly risen in value, and there
must he a large increase in the distillation of brandy. The
Loire will afford an abundance of white wines, and the Or-
leanais, though severely touched by the frost in March, will
be less poor than was feared. The Rh,Me will produce well,
both in quantity and quality. The large quantity of wine
which will be made this year in certain parishes of hl.lcon
may be estimated by the fact that a wine-grower of Prime
has obtained 150 hectolitres of wine (about v 0 hogsheads)
per hectare.
MADAME Vinocca..—The wife of the well known
ex.police agent, Mme. Vidocq, committed ruicide at St.
ManU, where her husband had some years ago attempted
to establish a paper manufactory. She had been for some
time suffering from tumour, which the faculty lately declared
to be incurable. On Thursday, being alone with the nurse
who attended her, she asked for a glass of ens SucrEe. This
being brought, she told the woman to bring her from a cup-
board a little phial, which, she said, contained essence of
orange-flower, but which was in reality laudanum. • She
poured some of this into the glass, and in consequence of
taking it expired in an hour afterwards. Tho clergy of St.
Manch:, having refused to receive the body into tho church,
it was carried direct to the cemetery under the surveillance
of the commissary of police. Some workmen and the poor
of the parish, to each of whom Vidocq had distributed an
81b. loaf, followed the corpse.
INFERNAL MICIIINES.—Two fulminating bombe
exploded on Friday evening in the Faubourg St. Antoine
and the Marais. On this occasion two men were errested
for having thrown theca. They were recognised as work-
men known for their extreme radical opinions. Being pieced
provisionally in the poste of the Place de la Bastille, they at-
tempted to effect their escape by unfastening the iron bars
of the window. Thee were surprised in the midst of their
work and removed to the Prefecture of Police.
SWITZERLAND.—BERME, SErr. 2.—lntelli-
I gem ranched this city on the 28th, that the Fribourg militia,

whilst returning home from sr. review, fired upon same Bet.
nese subjects.
ITALY.—VENICE.—The Sc;entifie Congr.,l now
sitting at Venice has resolved that its sittings in 1418 shall
be held at Vienna, and in 1349 at Bologna.
AUSTRIA.—VIENNA, Seer. 28.—1 n order to avert
the money crisis at Vienna, which has been so sv‘erely felt
at other places, the Baron de Rothschild has placed the sum
of two million and a half of florins at the disp....d of the
Vienna merchants.

PRUSSIA.-11Eaus,SErr.30.—EscarEc,. POLISII
PRISONEILL—Three of the Polish prisoners, who were ac.
cured of high treason, and who, on account of allea.,l indis-
position, were placed in the building of La Charitss, effected
their escape on the 20th by:cutting up the sheets, and knotting
them together; they let themselves out of the window, and
then succeeded in making their escape over the ssal'a of the
court-yard.
SEPT. 28.—1 t appears, according to several jour-
nals, that the new Prussian cabinet will be COMN• as fol-
lows :—First Minister, Herr Von Bodelschwingh ; Minister
of Justice, Herr Von Dueaberg ; Minister of Finance, Hen
Von Patow or Herr Von Ronne ; Minister of the Interior,
Ilerr Richman or Count Von Arnim ; First President of the
Council of State, Herr Von Savigny ; Second, Count !train;Governor of Berlin, Herr Von Pfuel ; other ment,sirs of the
cabinet, General Von Thile, Herr Uhden, and If err Beene.
mann.—The sentence on Herr Wurm, who was condemned
to death for attempting to form a conspiracy in lees, in
184.5, has been commuted into imrnis.snment for lie. He
has been removed to the fortress of Spindau.—.t banquet
li was given a few days ago at Rosenberg, to Herr Von Auer
weld, and Herr Von liriitineik, members of the priusiar,
diet. In proposing a toast to the King, the Conn'. Zu Doh=
observed that his Majesty, by the law of Feb. 3, !.xd assem-
bled the deputies of all the provinces to a diet ist rder to
hear tho voice of truth. So pointedly bail his M..jestg re_
ferred to that fact, that be (the speaker) trusts sl that the
now publicly ascertained truth would work mere powerfully
than ever. Herr Von Auemvald spoke warmly in favour of
the unity of the Prussian people.
COLOGNE, OCT. 3.—Thc adoyne Gmette of the above
, date states that a commission will be shortly ahwinted in
Berlin for the pnrpose of making alterations in she law of
February 3rd. It is added, that that commiewis will be
I formed of those deputies to the diet who poasessNl in the
greatest degree the confidence of the country. The late
Archbishop of Cologne, Dr. Claassens, was yes
terdey.
SAXONY.—LEustc, SEPT. 28.—Contra.v to ox.
pectation the Michaelmas fair Ins turned out a s.tisfactory
one. Up to the present time much business has S sem done
in silk and cotton goods, and the sale of learn( r and cloth
is considerable, although complaints are heard riveting the
prices they fetched.
HAMBURG, OCT. I.—Mr. Cobden arriv.l on the
26th of September at Lubeck, on his way from stekholm.
The following day a grand dinner was gives in h's honour
at the Hotel du Nord,: by the merchants of Lulnck. NIL
Cobden, being anxious to return home, set out neat morning
for Hamburg, where he arrived about noon, and took up
his residence at Streit's Hotel. Great prepantims have
been nude in this city for his reception.
Herr Halle and Herr Lutterot will be the deputies
to the approaching congress for the considerat:..n of the
Prussian project of law relating to bills of exchange.
_ _ _ _ .

LUBECk, SEPT. 20.—The Germanic Confederation
is now assembled here. The subject brought under discus.
'ion is of the highest importance, and involves some of the
nearest political and social relations. Among them are trial
by jury, the discussion of which was extremely interesting,
profound arguments being brought forward by tb- most One
men on both sides. M. hlittermuir announced th•-• the dis-
cussion of this question must be brought under the cmaidira.
bon of another parliament. Other subjects discussed were the
" Freedom of the Press," in which England was named is
a happy example, German colonisation, the crimnal laws,
etc. the last sitting is to be held in the afterno, of this
day, when the next place of assembly, probably Nurembarg,
will be fixed upon.
. . . . . .

HANOVER, SEPT. 28.—The ministers of Aastria
and Prussia at that court have just given notice that the
preparatory proceedings for the Postal Congreu are ter.
' minted, and that it will be open at Dresden on o..tober 15.
In consequence, M. Charles de Friesland, Autic
and one of the Directors of the Hanoverian Post-office, has
been appointed to proceed there.
BAVARIA.—Musicu, SEPT. 30.—The diet was
opened on the 29th by Prince Leopold. The 13.-ann van
Rotenhan was elected and nominated lint President
of the Chamber of Deputies, an Count von Hewnenbtrg-
Dux, the Second President. Prince von Leineuzen is the
First President of the Chamber of the Royal Council. There
was no opening speech.

GALICIA.- LEMBERG, SEPT. 22.—Wisaiowski
and liapwicinski the leaders of the late Polish revolt in
Galicia, have been condemned to death ; about '29 others
have been sentenced to imprisonment of from 10 to 25 years,
whilst 40 have been set at liberty. It is proposed to divide
Galicia into two governments, and the Polish nobles are in-
dulging in the hope that the Archduke Albert will he nomi-
nated viceroy of Galicia, and take up his resident cin Cm-
oow.—Nuremberg Courier.

RUSSIA AND POLAND.—The chief object of the
emperor's journey through the Russian provinces is
said to be that of military inspection ; but fear of the
cholera has, no doubt, much to do with it. Two
days before his departure tho Czar and the Grand Duke
Michael attended the military reviews at Moscow. During
the emperor's absence, the empress and junior members of
the royal family will remain at Zarskoje Selo. From the
official reports received by the government, it appears
that the cholera is spreading more and more in the inner
governments of the kingdom. It travels in two distinct
lines ; following the course of the Volga, it approaches
the northern provinces, and has already penetrated to the
very furthest part, having been carried thither by vessels
from Artacran to Saraton, having on board some persons
who were suffering from this fatal malady. It may be ob-
served, that by means of water communication it is spread
far more rapidly than by land. The other course which it
follows is from the Caucasian prorinces, north-westwards;
there it has already peactrated as far. es Kursk. A Russian
vessel, which was an quarantine, and seized in KerUcb, con-
veyed the cholera to this city. The rapid spread of the fear-
ful.pestilence excites the greeted alarm among all classes.
It is asserted that it has crossed the Dniesser, and is com-
mitting fearful ravages among the population. As soon s!
the Emperor had been informed that it had crossed the Don,
he hastened his departure for the southern provinces, and
sent orders for Count Paskewitsch to meet him on his
journey, probably at Kiew. The latter, therefore, left the
Polish capital immediately having first called together a
consultation of the medical men, for the purpose of uniting
arrangements fur the re-establishment of the lumina, and
taking other precautionary measures, in the event of the
epidemic reaching that city. The government has granted to
the fisheries on the coast of Archangel the privilege of
im-
porting from Norway the quantity of salt requisite for
carrying on the herring fishery, duty free. This is an im-
mense boon to the poor people of the coast, who use large
quantities of salt, and most of whom are engaged in the tith-
ing trade.

DEPARTURE OF TUE CAMBRLA.—YESterdai the
Cambria, Captain Judkins, mailed from Liverpool for &lifer
and Boston, with a full complement of passengers, a valuable
cargo, and specie to the amount of 0,0001. The Cambria
carried out the Daily News of the same day, together with
all the other London morning papers.

Tit court.
WINDSOR, TUESDAY.—Her Majesty and Prim
Albert, with the Prince of Wales, Prince Alfred, tue
Princess Royal, the Fritters Alice, and the Princess Helens,
attended by the Countess of Mount Edgcumbe, the l>owagez
Lady Lyttelton, Lady Caroline Cocks, Colonel the lion. C.
B. Phipps, Colonel Seymour, Dr. Meyer, and Major-Gen.
Bowles, arrived at the Castle from Osborne, Isle of Wight,
at 2,5 minutes past Mx o'clock this afternoon, and were re-
ceived at the royal entrance by Lord Byron and Sir Edward
Bowater. Her Majesty sad her royal consort were escorted
by a party of the Royal HorseOuards, commanded by Lieut.
Sheffield. Lord Byron and Sir Edward Bowater arrived at
the Castle this afternoon, to take their duties as the lard and
groom in waiting on the Queen.
The Duke of Saxe Meiningen took leave of her
Majesty the Queen Dowager yesterday, and departed from
Marlborough-house, attended by the gentlemen of his suite,
for the Continent. Prince Gustavus of Saxe Weimar left
Marlborough-house, on Monday evening, for the Continent.
Mr. Eastlake had an interview with Lord John
Russell, yesterday, at his official residence in Downing-street.
The American minister had an interview with the Chan-
cellor of the Exchequer, yesterday. Mr. Freshfield had
also an interview with the right hon. baronet yesterday, at
his official residence in Downing-street.
Mr. Ward, M.l'., First Secretary of the Admiralty,
has arrived in town for the winter season.

NEW PEERS.—Tho DuMin Evening PaAct an-
nounces " with inexpressible pleasure " that Sir Chance
Coots, Bart., Chief Justice Doherty, and Sir Jan:lCA:a Hob-
house, Bart., are to be raised to the peerage.'
THE FRENCH ERBASST.—Cotint and Countess
d'llaumonville have arrived at Manchester-house from
Paris, on a visit to the cotmtesa's father, the Duke de Bro-
glie. The count and countess purpose a sojourn 01 a few
weeks, in order to comply with invitations to visit several of
our leading nobility in the province•. Count and Countess
de Jarnac, after a lengthened residence at Tunbridge Wells,
have returned to the embassy. The Duke de Broglie enter-
tained the Austrian Ambassador and the Countess Dietrich-
stein, Lord and Lady Holland, Col. Moberly, M. Panini.
and a select circle to dinner at the embassy, on Sunday
evening.
DEATH OF SIR GEORGE PHILIPS, BART.—We
have to announce the death of Sir George Philips, Bart.,
who expired on Sunday last at Weston-hall, his seat, near
Chipping Norton, Warwickshire. He was the eldest eon of
Mr. Thomas Philips, of Sedgley, Lancashire, by the only
daughter and heir of Mr. John Rider, of Manchester. Sir
George had attained the ripe age of 81 yeas. In 1788 he
mArned his cousin, Miss Philips, eldest daughter of Mr.
Nathaniel Philips. In 1825, during Viscount Goderich's
administration, hawks created a baronet of the United King-
dom. The deceased is succeeded in the baronetcy, end the
extensive family estates in Lancashire and Warwickshire,
by his son, Mr. George Richard Philips, M.P., who sat in
the House of Commons for Steynina from 1830 to 1932, and
for Kidderminster from 1835 to 1937, and has represented
Poole since that period. He married, Nov. 18, 1919, the
Hon. Sarah Cavendiah, daughter of the late Lord Water-
park. The families of Viscount and Viscountess Duncan.

1.,.

':.

Ladrtiad
Lord fAnd yße ale, Lord and L idy Waterpark, and
several Wadies of distinction, are placed in mourning by the
Oath of the ren...rabla baronet.

(From last night's Gazette.)
TII.OKSGIVINO IN SCOILAND.—It it this day
(tih September) ordered by her Majesty in Council, that
all ministers and preachers, as well of the established church
in that part of Great Britain called Scotland as of the epis-
copal communion protected and allowed by an act passed in
the truth
,yea of the reign of her late Majesty Queen Anne,
top. 7, do at some tirne during the exercise a divine service
in their churches, congregations, or asemablies. on Sunday,
the lith day of October next (or so soon so the ministers of
such churches, congregations, or assemblies respectively shall
At enabled ea t 3 do), put up prayers and thanksgivings to
Aienijety God for the late abundant harvest.—Gazelte.
WitITEU.D.L, OCT. 4.—The Queen has been pleased
to moot the Rev. Charia Baring, M.A., to the di.:met
reCtor! of All So.ds, in the parish ot Saint
thenMsxy-lt:ooe, in
the coital,' of 3liddlesex and diocese vf London, tame
being void by the resignation of the Very Reverend Doctor
George Chandler, Dean of Chichester.
OFFICE Or ORDNANCE, Ocr. e.
R,ya Artin,i.—sec. Capt. F.. Wedeboure to be adj., site Lines,
sec. Capt. It. I. Radcliffe to be adj., rice Frees, who resigns
.4.,t..xy only ; First Lieut. 11. Clerk to be sec. rapt., • ice
yews, nt. on b.-p•; Sec. Lieut. J. E. Michell to be drat lieut., vice
Cori.
- •