The Express.
London, England, 1849-01-22 00:00:00

GERMANY.

PRUSSlA.—Letters and journals of the 18th have
come to hand from Berlin.
Amongst the government propositions laid before
the congress of master employers and journeymen
now officially assembled in Berlin, is one for legally
fixing the price of bread in general, a regulation now
only applied to the so-called "black bread." Govern-
ment propose, moreover, to establish trade tribunals,
with jurisiiction similar to that of tribunals of com-
merce. The congress of teachers has also been opened
at Berlin by the Minister of Public Worship and
Education. Herr Von Unruh, the president of the
democntical portion of the late National Assembly,
has pu'rlished an address, setting forth that were the
future deputies to declare the octroye constitution
null and void, they would be playing into the hands
of the aristocracy. He recommend., therefore, the
former to make use of the weapons which that con-
stitution has placed in their hands, and to develop
still further the principles of freedom of the press
and of association, communal and municipal indepen-
dence, and other popular rights.
The Brunswick government have solemnly pro-
mulgated the sections of the bill of fundamental
rights voted by the National Assembly in Frankfort.
The Duke has officially declared in favour of the
election of the King of Prussia as Emperor of Ger-
many.
The cholera is still making sad havoc in Breslau.
It may be stated here,as another warning for the rich
in all countries, that the disease first broke out among
the ill-fed and ill-clad persons who, under the name
of " honseleu poor," were crowded together in a
species of workhorse in the above town. The fatal
disease has now attacked all classes of society, and
spares neither the capitalist nor the beggar.
AUSTRIA.—We have accounts from Vienna up to
the 13th, and from Pesth up to the 12th.
Three or four of the ministers had arrived in the
former capital. The coolness between the government
and the Diet was daily increasing, and the ministerial
salon were all but deserted. Nevertheless, it is not
believed in political circles either that ministers will
resign or that the Diet will be dissolved. Col. Von
Mayen), it is said, has been sent on a government mis-
sion to Munich. The sitting of the Diet at Kremsier
on the 12th inst. does not present any incident of ge-
neral importance.
The Wiener Zeitung publishes three more sen-
tences. Ist, on a medical practitioner, who is con-
demned to three months' imprisonment in chains, for
exciting the Viennese to continue the combat, upon
the ground that the Hungarians were approaching ;
2nd, on two grenadiers, coademned to eight years'
hard labour in chains, for taking part with the
Vienna insurgents during a part of the month of
October; and 3rd, on two pioneers, condemned to ten
years' hard labour, for having enrolled themselves
during the insurrection in the above capital in the
Garde Mobile, with the pay of 23 krvuzers per day.
It is believed that the ministers intend to make
some alterations respecting the customs' regulations
of Hungary. In other words, to throw open to
Austria the commerce of that " kingdom"—a term
which, if the plans of the Olmotz Camarilla be car-
ried into effect, will be soon replaced by that of pro-
since.
Lieut. Field marshals MogaDietrich and Hrabowsky
had been brought prisoners to Vienna, there to be
tried by court martial for siding with the insurgents
in Hungary. On the other hand, Kossuth has taken
two imperial generals with him to Debreczin. Gen. Ham-
merstein, who commands the troops in the division of
Galicia, has declared the whole of :hat province (with
the Bukowina) in a state of siege ; called out the land-
storm; ordered all persons (except certain clesses of
government employee) to give up their arms ; sup-
Prall but a few journals, which are to be sub-
to a severe revision, and threatened death to all
persona taken with arms in their hands, exciting to

insurrection, or siding in any way with the inane- I
gents. He declares, moreover, that any one accused
of spreading reports of a disadvantageoos and alarm-
ing
nature, will be tried by court martial.
The Olmfitz journals eonfirm the intelligence that
Gen. Bem (one of the leaders of the Magyar insur-
gmta) has marched with three columns into the
Bukowina, on hie way to Gallic* where, being a
Pole, be expects to fled many adherents. Meantime,
the military authorities of Lemberg are on the alert,
and imperial troops have been posted on the Hunga-
rian frontiers.
Further accounts from Transylvania not only con-
firm the intelligence of the capture, by the Magyars,
of the important town of Klausenbuig, but show that
the imperialists, under Major-Gen. AVardener, were
totally defeated at Dees and driven back to Hilda's.
It is rumoured that the Magyars also defeated Jells-
chich, near Kecskemet, after the loss on both sides
had been very groat. It is certain that there has
been an important battle.
It appears that Gorgey, after he withdrew from
Perth, was still at the head of 20.000 troo?s, with
60 pieces of artillery. He was followed by Wrbnal
as far as Waitzen, which the imperialists took, the in-
surgents retreating to Erlan. It is believed that Kos-
suth has left Debreezin for the Gallician frontiers.
According to the latest accounts, the fortresses of
Leopoldstadt and Comorn still held oat.
According to private letters, Perezel had been to-
tally defeated in the neighbourhood of Yeah.
The German Reforme says that Messaros, the Hun-
garian Minister of War, blew out his brains at the
moment he fell into the hands. of the Austrian
soldiers.

._...._ _
FRANKFORT.—Our intelligence from this city is
to the evening of the 113th inst. In reply to a question
respecting the publication in Hanover of the funda-
mental rights of •he German nation, as voted by the
Frankfort national assembly, the Baron Von Gagern
stated that the Hanoverian ministry had informed
their subordinates that the Hanoverian government
must first discuss the validity of the laws passed by
the above assembly before they could promulgate
them in Hanover. Von Gagern added that Hanover
was always ready to supply its contingent of men and
money. Moreover, it was not the fundamental rights
of liberty (as drawn up by the Frankfort national
assembly) that the Hanoverian government hesitated
to publish, but the regulations relating to the division
of property. He (Von Gagers), however, entertained
the opinion that in Hanover, as in other parts of
Germany, the bill of fundamental rights was legally
in force, by virtue of the central statute of Dec. 27.
Herr Gross announced that he should make a motion
respecting the conduct of Hanover. The debate on
the question respecting the future head of the German
empire was resumed, and after several members had
spoken was again adjourned.
WURTEMBERG.—The government of Wurtem-
berg officially declared on the 17th that on and after
the 21st, that portion of the bill of fundamental rights
already voted by the Frankfort National Assembly,
would come into force throughout the above kingdom.
This declaration has given much satisfaction to all
friends of German unity.
BADEN.—Letters from Manheim to Jan. 16, state
that on the 15th there was a meeting in the Aula for
the purpose of discussing a pamphlet against the
government respecting the refusal to deliver up arms.
Severe censures were passed upon the soldiers, who,
it was affirmed, resorted to violent measures against
unoffeGding burghers. One of the students named
Streuter made use of the unguarded expression—" The
soldiers are scoundrels in uniform." This expression
was immediately reported to the military, among
whom it excited great indignation ; and the morning
of the 16th the dragoons in garrison here gave a protest
to the communal council, that they would not be an-
swerable for anything, unless Streeter publicly re-
tracted the offensive epithet. The infantry made a
similar protest.