The Express.
London, England, 1848-07-20 00:00:00

LI Nl.,l,l,imatxua.
TENANT RIGHT AND THE OAHE LANTI.-111
paper on "Railways and Agriculture in Lincolnshir. ," in
the Agricultural GazetP, we find the following r marks on
tenant right and the came laws:—" Good landlords make
good tenants, and it is rra any peculiarity in the soil that
renders this district flourishing, but the due riatMcship
which exiets between the landowner, the tenant, and the
labourer. Certain broad and equitable principles have been
accepted by universal consent all over the district. Tne
tenants are expected to haven due amount of capital; the
landlords ere prepared to pide proper farm buildings, to
contribute in due proportion towards draining and other
permanent improvements. The result he. been a constant
flow of capital and direction of Mulled towards Liman-
shire farmiug. There ha+ been much discussion lately upon
the subject of tenantjarniers' tenure. • subject on which
discussion cannot fail to do good. What I saw in in
colnshire compared with what I have seen in other
counties convinces me that for agricultural tenures there
can b• no universal rule. Custom and confidence in faros-
lies—in the Ilatiande, the Yarboroughs, the Chaplin, the
Drakes—effect ic Lincolnshire what hum do in the Lothians.
A lease mac ruin a tenant ; it may also make his fortune.
Tenants must learn to depend on their own foresight and
calculations. Legislative dry nursing can never rear a
healthy race of agriculturists. But this is no argument
against granting • lease to a substantial tenant willing to
accept enc. It is not a tenant's place to build and effect per-
manent improvements ; he can in all ordinary cireum-
stances employ his capital on respect and and in the fold-
yard more profitably. With to the unexbausted
im,trovements, by manures, ite., some experienced. far-
mers are ofs,
opinion that an agreement for an invariable
eighteen months notice to quit, instead of six months' notice
—a fixed allowance for purchased manure+ (taking, for
instance, lona as good fur three years, and so on), a per
centage paid the landlord on draining—farm buildings to be
made perfect and put in repair t n commencement of tenancy
by landlord, and kept in repair b 7 tenant, with a few other
arrangements of the same kind, would be better than any
lease. Toere are three points which interfere with improved
cultivation—want of capital, which leads a landowner to
wish a tenant to de what he ought to do himself—a desire
for 10 deal influence, in ed.liti,n to rent—and game reserva-
tions. On the other hand, landlords suffer from tenants
without sufficient capital and without character. A
tenant may elways learn the character of • great land.
lord and hi, agent, which is of more importance, bu• it
is not easy to learn the character of a tenant. To expect
political influence beyond whst personal popularity will
obtain is simply to sacrifice so much rent. As to game,
there is a great deal of low cant abroad, mixed, howevul
eau,
with came little truth about it. Game ia very plentif
in North Lincolnshire.-1 never saw it more plentiful
anywhere ; and I did not meet with one among scores
of tenant-Lamers who objected to a reasonable head of
game. Give them lease to keep down the hares and rab-
bits and the tenant who does not insist on this is
very foolish and they do not object to partridges and
pheasants, except in thousands for the sake of the battue.
In a very few years the daily increasing intercourse
annum farmers will lead to a general knowledao of the
principles Accessary to be observed for • mutually ad-
vantageous bargain for cultivating land. Good tenants
will be only to be had on fair terms, end, if mistake not,
good tenants are more valuable every day. Acts of parlia-
ment will only make work for the lawyers, who have too
much out of the land already. Railways will render com-
munication between the different counties easy—public
opinion will act on all parties with advantage. The abeurd
restrictions of old leases will be put in the fire, and no man
of sense and capital will constitute himself • bare tenant at
will without custom or confidence to lean on. But in agri-
culture, as is everything else, any legal meddling that im-
pairs foresight and seit.reliance is injurious. Every farmer
can reduce tenant right to a personal agreement suited to the
farm. before taking • farm, much better than a general sta-
tute."

110 4

NORFOLK.
NORFOLK TENANTS 01, THE DUCHY OF LANCASTER.
-Th following sums are paid to the Queen for pro-
perty 3 held in this county :-The barley rents of the
=woe of Met.swold, payable on 101 coombs and one
bushel of barley, at 14s. perm
toomb, toomb, 701. 17s. od.;
H. S. Partridge, Esq., for the manor of Methwold. 361. ;
the representatives ot Mr. NV. Hewn, for the Warren
House Faros, at Methwold, 1201.; Mr. J. Griffin, fora
farm at Methwold, part of the late Warren, 1201. • the
representatives of Mr. W. Flatt, for a farm there, parts of
the said late Warren, and the demense lands of Methwold,
1201 ; the representatives of W. I3arfoot, for other parts of
the s.iid demense lands, and an allotment on Methwold
Broad Common, 3081. ; Mr. H. Hewen, for other part of the
said demesnes, 361.; Mr. J. Simons, for other part thereof,
251. ; Mr. J. Doggers, for other part thereof, 331 ; Mr. J.
Flatt, for other part thereof, 381.; Mrs. E. Tedd,r, widow,
for the cow pasture, other part thereof, 351. ; the same, for
lands called Potsford Brinks, other part thereof, 141.; Mr.
It. Flat', for lands called Thornham Closer, other part
thereof, 191 ; Mr. J. Bullivant, for the like, Ill.; the said
representatives of W. Platt, for the like, 81. 10s.; Mr. H.
Corr y, for the like, 131. ; T. Hopkins, for chalk raised from
the chalk pit at Mehwoht-viz., 561 loads at Is. 64.1. perlocd,
41. ss. lid. ; the representatives of M. J. Newton, to the
Bond Yard and an allotment on Methwold Broad Common,
1431. The tenants of the Methwold Severals-viz. : The
said H. Currey, for the Several' House Farm, 1001. ; the
said representatives of W. Flatt, for the Five-mile House
Farm, 2181 ; the a. id r. presentative' of J. Newton, for
Bodell'e Ground, 751.; Mr. T. Tingay, 461.; the said re-
presentatives of W. Flatt, 14/. 17s. ; Mr. B. Tuttle,
731. 12s. 61; Mr. J. Constable, 221. ' • Mr. W. Wilson,
281. lis 9d.; Mr. W. Flatt, 91. ss. 71d.; Mr. R. Platt,
21. is. 70.; Mr. W. Flail, sen., 41. 16s. 3d. ; the said J.
Blggera. 91. 10s. ; Mrs. S. Webb, 41. Iss. ; Mr. J. Flatt,
71. 2s 100.; Mr. A. Carter, 21. is. 70.' Mr. P. Constable,
201. 18r. • Mr. A. Prior, 121. 7s. 6c1.; the said E. Tedder,
361. 9 . Mr. W. C)cit, 201. 2.5. Bd.; Mr. .1. Rolfe,
21. 7s. 6d. ; Mr. T. Rolfe, 21. 7a. 6d. ' • Mr. T. Boyd',
21. 8s 2d. ; Mr. D. Simons, 21. 81. 2d, • the said J. Flatt,
41. 161.44.; Mr. W. Coates, 41. 16s. id.; Mr. W. Rows,
2/. Bs. 2d. ; Mr. R. Thorpe, 11. ss. ; the said J. Simons,
bl. 16s. ; the said H. Currey, 431. sa. 64.; the said J. Bulli-
vant, 81. 65.; Mr. J. Cock, 141. 4d.; the said W. Wilson, for
the Decoy in the Methwold Several, 111. 4s. 3d. ; tho said
representatives of W. Flatt, for the right of sporting in the
Seurat', 21. 2s. ; Mr. J. Porter, for an allotment on
Southtry Common, in the parish of Methwold, 341.; Mr. J.
Marshall, far land in Unwell, called Duke's Stitches,
61. 2.5. 4d.
•assansasurasintur..

COMMISSION BY THE LORD LIEITTENANT.—The
Right Hon. R. Dennett Lord Rodney to be deputy lieu-
Want.

ESSEX.
VALUE OF LAN lboarne Farm, Writtle, con-
sisting of 152 a. 3r. 27p. of land, in the occupation of a yearly
tenant at 1501. rer annum, subject to a quit-rent of 11. 85.6.1.
and a !and tax of 10/. 45. per annum, and also two heriota on
death, and a fine of tw3 years' quit rent on alienation, was,
aft.r some competition, sold by Messrs. Driver, at the Mart,
is one lot. for 5,4001.

KENT.
THE SOUTH FORELAND LIGHTHOUSE 6.-1 hese
edifices are now completed, and their appearance reflects
credit on all parties concerned in their erection. There are
two—the one called the Upper, and the other the Lower
South Foreland Lighthouse. The headland on which they
stand is the nearest point in England to the coast of France,
the distance being barely 21 miles across the Channel. The
upt er lighthouse consists (says thy Canterbury Journal) of
a massive to err (externally octagon, internally circular), the
lantern of which is about 375 feet above high. water mark,
leaving a perpendicular height of the cliff on which it is
situated of about 290 feet. The lant. rn is constructed on a
novel principle. It is furnished with 264 mirrors, which
are enclosed on the side opposite the sea by six lenses. These
mirror', casting a multitudinous re fi .ction on each other, af-
ford a strong and brilliant light, being clearly visible on the
opposite coast, throughout tie Downs. Ramsgate, and even
Idargate and the gre itestportion of the Isle of Thanet. The
lamp which is in the centre of the lantern consists of one
large socket, containing four burners; and it supplies itself
with oil by means of a kind of clockwork machinery, which,
while it pumps up the oil to the wick, also returns the surplus
quantity to the reservoir ; and in ease of any defect, or want
of supply, by a small hydraulic balance, strikes a sharp tink-
ling bell, as &warning to the keeper. The machinery is very
simple at the same time curious. The lantern consists of a
eup.la,, the roof and sides of which are composed of neatly
wrought iron frames, apparently light, but sufficiently strong
to stand avainst the tempest. It is enclosed by 48 ct! long
panes of plate gin., from two and a half feet to four feet long.
Around the cupola, on the exterior, is a balcony, rendered
safe by a castellated parapet, from which, in clear weather,
a splendid view is obtained. Passing from the upper
lighth..use, about a quarter of a mile easterly, is tha lower
one, star.dicg on the verge of the cliff. The tower is not so
high as toe former, neither is it lighted on the same prin
ciple. Within the lantern ore suspended from copper
branches 15 Argand lamps, each having a burner of rather
large dimensions with a concave reflector of the greatest bril-
liancy, and about twenty inches in diameter. It appears
that it is yet a matter of doubt which system of lighting is
preft rabic, but the Corporation of Trinity are giving each •
fair trial.

CLERICAL.
TEL SOCIETY FOR BUILDING AND REPAIRING CR URCITES
held their led meeting for the season in St. Martin's-place, on Tues-
day. The Archbishop of Canterbury presided. The first business
transacted ssaA to baue orders to the treasurer to pay grants pre-
'mealy voted, to the amount of more than 4,8001., to venous laces
where n urka connected with the extension of church axommodation
Lave been completed; these grants include the erection of II new
churches, and the resettles and enlarging of II other churches; by
these works a considerable Increase of Fittings hos been obtoined. The
seat business brought forward was to make additional grants of
looney in aid et the building of eight new churches, and also for the
aidargement of and other Improvements in IS pariah churches. The
anew churches are to be erected at the followiog plaom, viz. : Trinity
district of St. Pancras, Ascot heath, Lanehead, near Smeeton
Iffeaterley, war Leicester; Railway terminus, Brighton: Bonfield-
aide, near Gateshead; Otratford.marsh, pariah of Wart Ham, county
of kasex; and Morakton Wyld, near Chargeouth. At the close of the
business the meeting was adjourned to the third Monday ta November.
BALE OF Pittir altßaNTL—Yeeterday the perpetual ad-
lowsoa of Burton Agnes maps Harahan V., Yorkshire, was put up to
ameba at Garraway'a Annual income, laaapeadantat surplice fees,
1,1142. Sd.; population, 850; meant bsoumlNat, aged 46. RI
was sold for 5.010 f. -=At the Auction Wart was put op the tropetua
*drowse's and peat presentation to Gay next the Walt., Norfolk, w-
polation, *IA ; imam, exclusive of few% 44W. Ina, *object to the life
of the present iocumbent, aged 52. It prodaied 1,6801.

NAVAL.
DZTONPOUT, JILT 18.—Trident, at., Lient.-Cam. Risk,
arrived from Portsmouth yesterday, and sailed shortly after with •
demettbent at manses for Pembroke, to relieve the party doing duty
at that Owe. Pantaloon, 8, Cock. Prevost, sod Eames, e,
Com. Lest', am complete. Crane, 8, will be rawly= the 22nd.
AMU LILT T, JOLT 19.-21,PPOiNTILENTIP.—Muter : J.
Leuze, confirmed to a death meaney.—Arting Mate: W. 0. Yaps;
PO Motet Alsodsat; L T. Browne, to Victory.

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