The Express.
London, England, 1847-01-05 00:00:00

IRELAND.

The despatches of our Dublin correspondent not
having reached us in time for publication 'yesterday,
we print them now, together with the communication
of to-day, which arrived in due course.
DUBLIN, JAN. 2.

There is great variety of opinion as to the accep-
tability of task-work among the peasantry. Some
contend that the system is highly popular; others,
the reverse. There is partial truth in both opinions.
In Mayo, for instance, task-work is highly unpopular.
I have been assured on competent authority that men
have worked from morning until night, earning not
more than 4d., 3d., 2d., and even lid. In other dis-
tricts, for example, at Abbeyfeale, in Limerick, I find
it stated that men earn 25., 2s. 3d., and even 2s. 6d.
per day. The discrepancy, however, is capable of
explanation. In Limerick the labourers are directed
by proper " gangers," who know how to set them pro-
perly at work ; they have also proper working
instruments and other additional facilities for labour.
Besides, there exists a practice amongst skilledengineers
and measurers to "add" a certain allowance to the actual
work performed, in consequence of the difficulties
I arising from wet and frosty weather. The government
having to engage a number of engineers, necessarily
must have accepted some not so practical or skilled as
others, and hence would seem to arise a reasonable
explanation of this discrepancy. I know not whether
such allowances as those I speak of are made at Abbey-
feale—probably they are—but I am assured, on good
authority, that no such are made in Mayo. Besides,
they have nut good working tools or barrows, and
hence task-work, which is popular and profitable in
one place, becomes irksome in another.
The committee of landlords omitted from the enu-
meration of social remedies ono of paramount im-
portance—the relief of titles, and the fiezility of trans-

furring property. The question was mooted, but sup-
pressed. The time is not probably far distant when
the land will be as free from the restrictions of set-
tlements and entails, as a bail of cotton or pack of wool.
The Feeentan't Journal of this morning contains an
elaborate article on the subject ; and as a proof of the
connexion between the growth of opulence among a
people, and the free circulation of -landed property,
cites the case of Belfast, where every householder
holds his plot in fee.
The government is not inattentive to the true in-
terests of the country. There is not much noise, but
some good work. lour Inspectors of Drainage have
ban appointed at salaries varying from 31/01. to SOW.
per annum, with travelling expenses. The govern-
ment applied to the Society for a list of competent
persons, and from the return were selected four names,
Stewart, French, Gustavus Lambert, and John An-
drews, Esqrs, all men of agricultural repute. Others
will be appointed according as the public wants re-
quire thew.
Alderman Egan, whose motion in the corporation
to susp.nd the Navigation Laws excited so much
attention, has been appointed a magistrate for the
county of Dublin.
I.II.I•EtIAILY.—Oo Thursday last, at a me-tine held in
Clonmel for relief of the poor, it was determined to collect
fund for the employment of J.:males in spinning, knitting,
and other work suitable to their sax. It a intended to ask
noverument to aid in this project, but the philanthropist: of
Clonmel aro prepared to work it independently of such
ar.i.tance.

DON E 0 AL.—On Christmas. CTC a vessel I)ing within the
bar at Italy.hannon, and laden with bacon and other pr
Finns for Liverpool, wee boarded by a numblr °farmed inca.
They put the or.:sr under hatches, and plundered the veswl
of • large quantity of bacon and lard which they carried
away in boob.. The police went cent day in searsli of the
plundered property, and succeeded in recovering a great
dc.d of it.

Scarcely a night passes, says the Ratlygllannon
in which rob's:ties are not committed in D megal, and ths
magistrates have in consequenee called Sro an additional farce
of police. It adds that " a company of the 92nd Highlanders
will be sent from Enniskillen to Rutland, County Donegal,
early next week. A temporary ballade is now fitting up,
ith all baste, tor their accommodation. A serjeont, and
fifteen rank and file, will ba detached from Rutland to Bur-
ton Port; and, strange as it may appear, this small party is
to be relieved weekly. Those places ...re on the propsrty of
the Marquis of Conynghsm."
K utti.—Acrtvx BENEVoLENCE.—The Leiner). Ex-
press record the following benevolences of large prom ieors
in the County of Kildare The Earl of Clonmel distributed
frieze ca.t. to all his labourers at Christens, nud ordered an
on, weit.thing ten cwt, to be killed and distaibuted amongst
them. The Countess of Clonmel has clothed all the
labourer,' wise; and daughters with winter dresses,
and his also furnished several families with be.ls
and bedding. The Earl of Mayo gave a large on to be
divided amongst his labourers; and soup is dtstributsd at
Palmerstoan house to all the poor of the neighbourhood
three times a week. Lady Charlotte Wolfe has directed her
agent, Mr. Wolfe, to supply the labouring poor in her em-
ployment with bread. The Rev. Mr. Warburton, of Kill,
gave a large bullock to his labourers and the poor of Kill.
EMPLOYMENT.—The same journal states that the lion.
E. Lawless has at present upwards of 70 labourers constantly
employed at Lyons; Sir John Kennedy has upwards of GO;
the Esrl of Clowns I upwards of 60; and the Earl of Mayo a
large number, in addition to those employed upon his lord-
ship's estates in North Naas. The consequence of the exist-
ent,* of such a good class of landlords in Kildare is, that at
a relief committee for the barony of South Salt, held on
Tuesday last, at was announced that there were only 25
unemployc I lab9urers in the barony, whom it was resolved
immediately to employ.
DUBLIN, JAN. 3.
In the provincial papers received to-day, a universal
feeling of sympathy is caps-seed for the sufferers in
the South and West; and in the more opulent dis-
tricts, besides the relief of local destitution, steps are
being taken to contribute to the general relief.
In Belfast, benevolence has had a full and rapid
flow. In the number and excellent maintenance of
its charitable institutions, few towns containing the
same population exceed the capital of the North.
In none are the citizens more spirited and munificent
, At a meeting of a rew individuals to promote a relief
fund for Ireland, 2,0001. were subscribed on Friday
last. The terms on which the subscriptions were
solicited were threefold—that relief be generally
afforded without restriction to locality; that the
sum be placed to the credit of a committee of
subscribers, and that the stun be laid out solely in
food. A. Mulholland, Esq., the eminent cotton-
manufacturer, subscribed 200/., and ten gentlemen
1001. can. The ladies of Belfast were on the same
day animated by a like benevolent spirit. Besides
th; proceeds of the bazaar for the special relief of
Connaught, a huge sum, not named, was subscribed
at the meeting, to which Miss Knowles, the " chair-
woman," contributed 501. The cards of invitation
ATM addressed to " ladies of all Christian sects."

The Flax Improvement Society held its monthly
meeting on the 30th ult., whiel was numerously
attended. The treasurer reported considerable addi-
tions to the subscription list. One gratifying fact
was stated,—that an agent of the society had been
setting up three seutch mills in Mayo for Sir lt.
O'Donel, Lord Lucan, and the Marquis of Sligo,
and that it was probable that Mayo would become
one of the greatest flax counties in Ireland; 80 tons
having been already purchased there this season.
The relief committee in Clonm^l is adopting an ex-
cellent plan whereLy industry and relief may be com-
bined, and a large class of destitute creatures unable
Ito find work, and excluded from the poor-house, may
be enabled to exchange their labour for food. Steps
are being taken to encourage various small branches
of industry, such as knitting stockings, shirt-making,
sewed muslin work, &c. 'the outlay, it is estimated,
will be about 2il. per week.
One of the largest rewards since the death of the
,late Lord Norbury, has just been offered for the ap-
' preliensionnn&conviction of the persons who attacked
Mr. Ingworth. The government offers 2001.; Mr.
Ingworth himself, 2001. ; and the magistrates, clergy,
and farmers, 6141.
The committee of landed proprietors will assemble
on Tuesday, to receive the report of the sub-committee
appointed to report generally on the temporary mea-
sures to meet the present crisis. The report, if ap-
proved of, will be laid before a general meeting of the
gentry and representatives, and the latter instructed
to seek for le.gislative support to the proposed reme-
dies. Circulars have been sent out, inviting the pro-
prietors to meet at an early day.
The commissioners of public works will commence
paying to-morrow the first halt-year's interest on
debentures issued by them last autumn.

STATE OF THE COUNTRY.
GALWAT.—A Loughrea correspondent of the Galway
Mercury states, that Sir W. Russell, who has command of
the 7th Hussars, stationed in that town, has himself sub-
wribed 10/. to establish a soup shop ; and has succeeded in
collecting in the town 60/. for that purrrose. The bakers'
shops in Loughrea are said to be more frequently empty than
active ; fur in the first place, flour is scarce ; and in the next
the ovens arc not competent to afford a supply of bread even
when at full work. . .

Tr USW BREAD.-Mr. Francis O'Sbaughnessy, a Galway
gentleman, bas published the following receipt for making
turnip bread : " Take eight pounds of Swedish turnips, peel
them and weigh them raw, put them down to boil, and when
well boiled strain and squeeze them well in a cloth ; then
pound them well in a metal pot; when pounded squeeze
them ag4in in the cloth (mind how often I repeat the word
well), for the more of the turnip water you take from them
the less the bread will taste of the turnip. Take 3 lb. of
wholemeal, and work up the same as any other griddle bread.
Four pounds of meal and eight pounds of turnips will mak^
Sibs. of bread, and the cost, when wholemeal, is 2s. 4d. the
stone—is only Id. per lb., and Mr. O'Shaughnessy states that
his ploughman, a strong man, cannot eat more than I lb. of
this bread at a meal.

—•••
ALUE OF EARLY PLANTING.—The same
gentleman says of his potato planting:.' I have, thank God,
plenty of potatoes, and I intend to sow six acres in the
month of January. I attribute the success of my potatoes
this year to my having planted them in ;tummy in trenched
ground whole and uncut.
LiNIERICK.—On Saturday night last, as a parts of military
from Cahir, were on patrol in the ueighbourliood of Gar-
navella, a shot was tired at them from the window of
a farmer's hou'c the ball grazed the forehead of one
of the party. The owner of the house admitted
he fired the shot, but alleged as en excuse Neat
he thought they were robbers, who came to plunder.
Christmas Eve, the police stationed at Mullough,
received information that an armed party were plundering
the helves of several inhabitants of Newcastle, and on pro-
ceeding in that direction, entered the house of Roger
M'Carthy, and there found James Corbett, John Corbett,
Thomas Noonan, Thomas Power, and Roger M‘Carthy,
whom they arrested ,• they also foun i two pi,tols, a quan-
tity of ponder and ball, with the offenders. The prisoners
are committed for trial.—A carrier from Cahir, to Mr.
Michael Brown, of Broad-street, Limerick, was plun-
dered by the country people outside Tipperary, on
Wednesday night; seven sacks, the property of Mr.
O'Connor, John-street, were carried off on the same occasion.
This time twelvemonth flour of fine quality was 325. to 338.
per bag in Limerick, and now it is 40.. to 60s. Oatmeal,
then 151. per ton, is now 231. At the arijourned extraor
dinary cessions held at Croons on Thursday last, Lord Dun-
raven in the chair, only three pneentments for reproductive
works were proposed and approved; and it was generally
admitted impracticable to proceed with them unless a com-
pulsory enactment passes the legislature. The destitu-
tion was represented to be awfully increasing. An
action for defamation of character is noted for trial
neat assizes, by a young lady in Limerick, against a
young gentleman whose brother wee her recognised
suitor. The workhouse of Ijilmallock is closed against

father alttliicants, there being 1,200 purgers eongrepted
inn house built fur 800—one-third of whom are on the Lek
lists.

In the workhouse of Limerick, originally built to accom-
modate 1140 paupers, there vc at present 2,35.4. The
deaths for the past week were 23, and on the last day
the board of guardians assembled there were 236 upplic.t-
tions for admission. A joint-stuck bakery hat been esta-
blished in Limerick, in ten shilling shares; 830 of these
have been already taken. A loaf of bread, price 3.1.,
weighing only thirteen ounces, was fore:unit.' in a tin
coffin, through the Post-iltice, to Lord John !tassel'.
Items. Francis John O'Neill and Co.,who during the season
have beets grinding Italian corn in their mills at Newport,
and selling it to the people there by retail, at the rate of V.
per ton less than they could get for it by wholesale in L'me-
rick, have, we understand (rays the Limerick Reporter),
obtained a dispensation from the Bishop to grind on Sun-
days, for the purpose of devoting the eotire prolita of that
day to the maniocs of relief of the previa:big distress.—Serca
c irgoes of Indian corn, meal, flour, arrived in Limerick
during the past week, ar.il several vas-eta have been chastenal
by merchants to proceed to foreign ports for grain. Freights
have been raised to 12s. per quarter.
MLUICAL 31AUISTRATF.3.—The following answer has
been returned to the Limerick memorial regarding the
refund of government to appoint medical gentlemen to the
magistracy :
Dublin Castle, Dee. SS, 1310.
fdr,—R:ferring to the memorial from the mayor, aldermen. oat
bniu,ses of Limerick, praying for the appointment of iniditi mal ma-
gistrates for that bor..ugh, 1 ant directed by the Lord Lieutenant to
acquaint you, that his Excellency his con .icirrol the prayi-r of the
memorial in question, and will be prepared to nrommeod to the Lord
Clumeelkir an addition to the present rommi-•.on of she prose for the
borough of limerick.-1 have the honour to be, y obedient
servant, ll. LALUITIIL,E.

L. F.G. Hyan, Fee, Mayor of Limerick.
PLCNI,EIL OF SIIELP 11T TUE Cori
Erandiner of Friday relates the following instance of the
plunilc r of sheep by the military, which, I am happy to say.
the journal abet e-numed admits are generaily most correct
and honest those only of the 47th are supposed to be con-
nected with this outrage, and those stand eimmitted to pri-
son. In the course of last week a gentleman residing lathe
vicinity of Middleton engaged a prize ram for breeding pur-
poses tar 201., which, with two sheep, was left out at night
to pasture in a field a mile di-tent from Mid &tan. On miss-
ing them one morning, information was conveyed to the
police, who made carry effort to disco, r their whereatiouta,
but with no success. The secret, however, soon traLspired.
A knife, lot by the depredators, was found, and on its being
shown by the police to a butcher resident in Middleton he
instnutly identified it as his property, which on the precious
evening he lent to a few of the soldiers of the 47th Regiment,
a company of which is at present stationed in Middleton,
with a view to tke prcection of property, as well as the pre-
servation of the peace of the country. The constabul iry in-
stantly proceeded to Thomssistreet, Middletn, where tile
military are quartered, and on r xamination discovered por-
tions oi the CAPPIII/1 of the slaughtered animals safrly depo-
sited in a coal hole.

Knotty.—On Saturday last presentment sessions were
heM for the barony of Truarthanacknty, at Tralee. The
proceedings were taken under the letter of Mr. Labouchere.
The county surveyor raid that presentments to the amount
of 29.0001. had been sanctioned by the Board of Works, but
only 21,0001. wu ordered to b, expended, and out of this
8,000/. had actually been expended. He was sorry to say
that it was not sufficient. Eight thousand pounds for the
ne at two maul s would not be halt enough. And for three
months he thought that at least 20,0001. would be required.
Presentments were then made for ent,rging the basin of the
ship cand at Tralee and for erecting a market, together
with others to the necessary amount.

TRALEP. WORK HOUSE.—There are 1,015 paupers in the
Tralee workhouse, exclusive of 45 in the ttver hospital ;
29 deaths occurred in the last week amon,, the inmates.
The cost of maintenance is 2s. 6d. per week for each pauper.
The chairman read several communications from the poor-
law commissioners, which were in substance that the com-
missioners could not at present let the board have the as-
sistance of Mr. Hancock, the assistant poor-law com-
missioner ; in reference to the distressed state of the
union, the communication stated that if " subserip-
' tions for the relief of the poor were collected, they
(the commissioners) understood it was the intention of
Li-teen:meat to give an equivalent ;" and in reference
to the doctor's report, they "earnestly requested the
guardians, until more extensive workhouse accommo-
dation could W., niforded, to be guided by the advice
of their medical oiliest., and steadily to refuse, howevt r dis-
tressing it may be, to their feelings, to admit additional
applicants until the number of the inmates is compatible
with their health." In consequence of this communication,
the board deemsd it their duty not to admit any person, as
there were already over 1,000 paupers in the house. A large
number of wretched applicahts were, therefore, informed
that the board could not afford them dmission.

- -
TlPrEltAll7. Mr. Serjeant Ilowlsy, the able and
excellent assistant-barrister fur Tipperary, was obliged to
be furnished with an escort, on proceeding to Cleglieen
to open his court yesterday. The military and police
are huraued, and shots)tre, to be beard at all hours of
day and night. Henry W. Matey, Foci., was chairman of an
extraordinary ',salons at Tipperary, on Thursday, when
18,3141. was presented on the barony of Clanwilliam, under
Mr. Labouchere's letter. Charles Wilkinson, Esq., of
Littleton, Tipperary, has been served with • menacing
Rock notice, through the post-effice, demanding employment
for every inmate of a cabin, and despite of tho Board of
Works regulations, or that murder will be the effect of non-
compliance. Mr. Wilkinson is secretary to the relief
commits e. _ .

The following are the more serious of the outrages which
have occurred in Tipperary during the last few days. There
has been besid:s these, however, sheep killed and corn stolen
or forcibly carried off :
On the morning of Monday, the 29th instant, as Mr.
Simon Loughman, a former from Rathdowney, was on
his return towards home, about the hour of eight o'clock,
he was followed by two men on the hi,h road, about a
mile from Roscrea, when they stopped him, and de-
manded his money. One of the men knocked him down
with a stone, when the other took off his waistenst, in
which he hid twenty six pounds, in bank •notes, and sixteen
shi.lings in silver, with which he ran of One of the rob-
bers, named Jiichael Brien, has been fully i !entitled by
Loughman, and is transmitted for trial at the next quarter
sessions of Nensgh.
The shop of n very industrious and hardworking shoe-
maker in Roscrea, named John Mooney, was broken open
on last night, and several pair of shoes and other articles
stolen therefrom.

On the evening of the 29th ult., an John B. Holmes, Esq.,
Civil Engineer, and Merrick, Esq., were returning front
Kilgarvan, in a gig, they were upset, by coming in con'act
with some cars on the public road, near Balliaderry. Mr.
Holmes repeatedly called to tha carmen to kelp their own
side of the road ; however, the fellows did not mind hire.
The shafts and springs of the gig were broken, and the gen-
tlemen, of course, thrown out ; Mr. Merrick 's ann wan dis-
located by the fell, and Mr. Holmes was struck by one of the
party ; however, Mr. Holmes kept the fellows prisoners
until he sent a countryman whom he knew to the next police
station. As soon as they arrived, he gave up his prisonen
to them. .

NENAOII WOILICHOUtIE.—There were 1,236 paupers in
Nenagh workhouse on Thursday, and 150 offered themselves
for admission. There were 147 in hospital, of whom 69
were ill of fever. . . . .

WATEKFORII.—The Waterford Chronicle 'elves a ease of
" extermination " of tenantry in that county, amounting to
100 iudividuala. . .

There was a meeting held in Carrick-on-Snir on the 30th
of December, to construct gas-works in that town, when
4,000 shares of 51. each were subscribed for in a company
projected for that purpose.
Tee WORKHOUSE.—There are 99-3 paupers in the work-
house, the cost of maintenance of whom amounts to 2s. Old.
each per week.
On Wednesday evening, about five o'clock, a poor man
belonging to Passage, was attacked by two men, on his re-
turn home, and a qua,,tity of meal taken out of his car,
!hat he had purchased in this town for his family.
Cola.--Extraordinary sessions were held on Thursday at
Buttevant, for the baronies of Orrery and Kihnore. There
were 13,000!. assessed, the proceedings being'taken under the
Labour Rate Act; a proposition to act under Mr. Labou-
chere's letter being rejected by a large majority.
On Wednesday sessions for the barony of Ferrnoy were
held at Castletownroche. The proceedings were under Mr.
Labouchere's letter; 11,3341. 13s. were assessed,ter 1-10th:the
valuation of the barony. Several gentlemen agreed in ac-
cordance with the minute, to take grants for drainage.
KILKENNY, J.tte. 2.—RIOTS AT THE POORHOUSE.—
On Thursday, during the Bitting of the board, some
very serious disturbances, and which threatened to have a
fatal result, took place at the poorhouse. The crush was
so great at the time the externs were being admitted to
dinner, that one woman was very seriously injured, and was
only saved from being crushed to death by Alderman
Southwick and some others of the guardians. At five
o'clock • large number of men, about three or four
hundred, most of wilt= were labourers and persons not
entitled to relief, assembled at the gate, and clamorously
demanded admission. They were told that they
could receive no dinner, as the hour was past, but the
gate having been opened to allow egrees to some women
who had been delivering milk, they rushed in in a body, butt
were prevented from entering the front door until it was
secured. Four shots were, thereupon, fired within the
poor-house ground; the head-constable hastened to the
spot from whence the smoke proceeded. but did not succeed
in seizing the perpetrators, though he saw one man escape
over the wall. During this interval the mob succeeded in
forcing open the door of the porter's lodge, and subsequently
that of the dining-hall, but were prevented from proceeding
further by the gallant resistance of the master, armed with
a stick; of the porter, armed with a bayonet; and, much to
their credit, of some of the pauper inmates of the house.
Intelligence of this having been brought to Head-
constable Lynn, he hastened in, and the combined
force, notwithstanding a violent shower of stones, which con-
tinued without intermission for some minutes, charged the
mob, and put them to route at the point of the sword,
bayonet, and shillelagh, forcing them over the inner yard
walls, and finally succeeded in expelling them from the
premises and securing the outer gate. A tremendous volley
of stones was then poured in from the road by the mob, 'and
they left, vociferating that they would sack the town.
Coming down John-street they called at some houses, but
we have not heard of any damage done. At Mr.
Dunphy's, in Higk-street, they called a ball, and clamoured
for bread; but, as we understand, were detemd from
violence by the sight of Mr. Du nphy's blunderbuss. Mr.
Winslow was soon on the spot with the police force,
but before his arrival the mob had dispersed. On
the previous night • similar mob made a violent entry
into the poorhouse, and succeeded in forcing dinner.
To make this matter the more outrageous, they were
people principally in employment, and not fit objects for
gratuitous relief, for all the holders of tickets had regu-

larly been fed each day. The number el inmates in the
h ,ue hut Saturday week was 1,426. Discharged durine
the week, GO ; died, nine ; admitted during the same period,
176. There were in the hospital, '230; of allies upwards er
100 weir, fever rade*. The nuadwr aeltuitted this day wis
100; reji tted 10. The amount of rate paid is during the
week 11a. 201. Is. 4d. ; remaining uncollected, 9621. 13.. 4d.;
balance in bank passbook against the hubs:, 371. Os. 7d.