The Express.
London, England, 1848-11-18 00:00:00

THE EXPRESS, SATURDAY EVENING, NOVEMBER 18, 1848.

l.
Mushrooms arectrigat
Pelarrelems,
other Rom

!lomat consist of ilLeatlho,
Carnatioos, Mos owl
ITL
Akeettae. Doe Peatper, 11It to 3t meet. lb.,
Woluute, per 100, 16 44 to
bee Mph.. les to 11e
Cbartoute, per peek, te to Te
Make, Hamlet& per lb, is to rtt
per letlib.,lol tol9oo
Cob. luau., PON tole&
Pee buE.,lb to 108
!ABLE&
Tcre.ort.tr, Tor=e3t;ldttee ls 34
Girlie. tor lb., ed to ed
•Nr.,:in Jr_ ad to is
Asucez_ 611 ed tolt
is 64
Lettuce. tor Reece, id to le
Com.. per seem IN to la
Lull., yet atom ki to le
mimeo)" Pee lotttedld to le
Pee mow, ee to elo
Small !Wade. tee towed. St to 3d
Palma. per burr .11, 24 to 34
tlevory. per I ettoh, 21 to 3.1
Thyme. per bunch, 3.1 to 44
Watercrou, pl2coollloun..64tofd
hockey, Yar Jot. bunch, ledd to al
Leos, per loud.,
_la to 1. 94
modoesto. KT booth, 74
Man/, ere.u, lot hunch., 24
*whets see last page.

PIM tb.. MO
la-
•. W.Peese. pa 6" lb biota
dtar 1 "
dr
Apple,. Per Poll.. Y ro Te
kitebea. ditto 3e
Pilo. per doe, ir to SI
per holt dee°. Os to 10e
Lemont, Per Om. it to DI SO
per 100, We to lie
on's«. Per doe..

(WNW dos., sa to
rperad. per dos.„ Is to
00,1111owars. per dos, 44 to 7a
)pooh, white, par oos.„ J. to 4s
brows, bead, &I to Is 3d
Ism* per Istlfekes, 6.1 a 11,1
rolet.xs, per too. ete to 1110
per cwt., bats
per bead, le 4,1 to 5s
Swaim tee dos. buttolteN Id to 44
fled Itel=dos. Oa to Is
Flom per b to ir
40.4:jaVna°1rurits
Leeks, Per Id
044/7. par beadle, 6d to to ]d
(haute, pus dos less:bra, 31 to is
1444osett. per slore. 9,1 to Is
UuII per bomb. 3d to ed
sh—igk,FkboAtel. Is. ed Vs L. dd.
dab& ver dos. Is 60 to ts
li v AM ill 64 to 3s
per lbng, . 4d to rd
For yesterday's

ghe engefifi.

WAILS.
tee overlead mails Is Gibraltar, Yalta. Oreeem the louden lolanda
Adam Ceylam ltly, tiong-Noeh ud Chlae, ri4 houthenip
lu wt to made epee the meeig d Ik. lath Now.
TM overhead dead mak Matidlleb to tM Iteditermaree,
Find. Ain% ply, liewlies, &a, will lie made up ea the
maims et Um
ate mils ear NMI Nee* Amoeba. sad the rafted etatm
ill be made up lathe emits et the nth Nov.
The mills ft Tien P.W. Madeirm duO ead °Mahar
will he made ap ea Se et the 117th Nor.
Tee Mr New Seetth alem Tea Diemamb Lead, and New
SWIM all be made ap ea the made" et the Nth Nov.
The mile Me the Weil Ora et Ablea mid Itedeira will be made
up ea theremarg deut Nov.
TM Weil Wheet the
ineludlog lermatim Nemo, Havaanit,
Ilow Odom., sad Mexico, aad exeladher them foe
ltnime=L Juan-de.Nlearegua, Now Ormeda, Mill, sad Perm will
to made so ea the moraine ot the lad Dec.
me ea amities. Me
the
sad lomat Ayres, will be
made up ea the meals( ad the e D.C.

WOW WATER AT LOWDE!
TAO D, —U.. S.T Wm. poi s AlWnsow.Wool.. pm* 7.
Te.f.sow—lknimi.l p II Lkiimisia IS min. gam E.

LONDON, SATURDAY, NOV. 18.
Tna theory of the Colonial Office is, that colonists
have not sense enough to manage their own local af-
fairs ; that in all matters of government the sages of
Downing-street must act in their behalf as the Court
of Chancery acts in behalf of minors and unities. This
theory was avowedly acted upon in all our colonies
from the time of the American revolution until very
recently ; it isstill acted upon inthe luckless crown colo-
nies, and sought to be acted upon indirectly in the rest.
Family cliques and irresponsible legislative and execu-
tive councils nominated by the home government
were the instruments employed to thwart and
counteract the local elective legislatures in such co-
lonies as possessed them. This trick has been
found out, and Downing-street has devised a new
plan for administering the colonies according to its
views and weles, while it seeks to monde them
that they are left free to regulate their own local
affairs.
Earl GREY explained the nature of this new
" dainty device" to the select committee on miscella-
neous expenditure of last session. He laid down the
law that each colony ought to bear the whole of its own
civil expenditure with the exception of the governor's
salary. The salaries of the colonial governors, his
lordship opined, ought to be paid by this country.
His reasons for this opinion were, in the first place :
In my opinion it is very unfortunate that it is not the
Practice that in all eases the salaries of the eciverwors
should be paid by this country ; there is no other part of the
civil establiehments which I think ought to be so paid, but I
think it would be extremely desirable, for polities! reason'',
if an arrangement could be made by which the colonies
'meld take certain other expenses upon themselves, and the
salaries of the itneentors he always pod by this country.
In the second place, his lordship is of opinion that
" Many of the governors are underpaid, and, in eon-
esquetee, proper persons to fill the office cannot be
had." He maintains that it is necessary that the
salaries of governors should bear some considerable
proportion to what men of eminence in other careers
obtain is this country. And he adds that the colonies
will not pay on this scale, because " If salaries suffi-
cient to secure such services are given to the go-
vernors, and are paid in the colonies, they are cam-
pared with the incomes of persona there, and as the
general income which people enjoy in the colonies is
notoriously less than in this country, inadequate
salaries are given to the governors."
Lastly, he says :
It is extremely difficult to provide persons Gat are com-
petent to govern the colonies from this deficieney in the
salaries; and that difficulty particularly applies to colonise
having representative assemblies, because in dealing with
representative assemblies I cannot too strongly express my
opinion of the great advantage to the governor of having
had a little experience in political life here, and knowing
something of the House of Commons and the way in which
politicalethat amtistioteuear
grrioveedrnoorn
sinhtshieve.coun c
are ountry; but the
men who an of any considerable standing in political lice,
and are looking forward to obtaining distinction in politics
at home, will not accept colonial appointments.
Earl GREY sees clearly that henceforth our colonies
must be governed by means of elective legislatures.
And to prevent this change shaking the supremacy of
Downing-street he wishes to send to every colony a
governor trained in the party tactics of the House of
Commons, and skilled in the art of baffling the popular
wish for retrenchment and reform without appearing
to set himself against it. Under this new system
colonial governors will serve their apprenticeship
as " whippers-in" to one or other of oar great parlia-
mentary factions, and will prooeed to their respective
governments fully qualified to play off local parties
spinet each other to the legislature, and make them
obstruct business for the advantage Cl Downing-
street. And in order that the Tapers and Tad-
poles of this country may have sufficient in-
ducements to desert their club., for a season, salaries
are to be awarded them on a scale so large that the
colonies cannot be expected to pay them, and there-
fore " John Bull," that universal paymaster, must be
made to provid' the funds. The colonxts are not so
dull of apprehension as to be unable to detect this
juggle : the ex-whippers-in will find them as refrac-
tory as the quarter-deck governors hare found them
in times past. The dap are gone for ever when
colonists submitted to be governed by orders in
council, issued by men utterly ignorant of their local
affairs. Henceforth the whole heal administration of
our colonies must be left to the colonists, and ea a
necessary consequence the whole local expenses mast
devolve upon them.
On another occasion we will undertake to show
that the colonists are best able to manage their own
affairs, and quite competent to defray all the really
necessary expenditure. At present we wish to draw
the attention of the home public to the expense which
this freak of governing all our colonies from Downing-
street costs them. The total amount it is impossible
to ascertain. Probably the Colonial-office does not
know the whole of it; and what it does know it
takes good care to conceal by mystifying its accounts.
But an approximate estimate may be made.
In the miscellaneous estimates for 1849, the expense
of the Colonial-office for that year is set down as
27,4611. But this is only • part of the cost of the
home department. A portion of the audit-office staff
is constantly engaged upon colonial business. The
law officers of the crown are continually receiving
large fees on colonial accounts, for most of which no
services are rendered. Part of the home colonial ad-
ministration is carried on by tLe Beard of Trade
sod consequently colonial affairs ought to be debited
with a part of the expense of that establishment. It
is impossible to trace all the ramifications of colonial
expenditure throughout the various departments of
our home administration, but enough has been said to
show that the annual cost of the Downing-street por-
tion of our colonial government is greatly underrated.
In the miscellaneous estimates, the "colonial, con-
sular, and other foreign services," are classed together.
From the 426,367!. (which is the total of this hodge-
podge), we mast deduct the consular and diplomatic
expenditure, amounting to 143,190!.; the charges for
St. Helenaaod Heligoland,l2 6231.4 and the expendi-
ture for suppression of the slave trade, 53,000/. With
these deductions there remains 217,6.541. contributed
by this country towards the expenses of local civil
government alone in the colonise.
It mast not be overlooked that great punt of
this outlay is incurred for about twenty colonies, of
which some are utterly worthless, and the rest the
least useful and valuable of our possessions. Labuan,
where there is as yet no colony, coots 9,827!. for its
government staff. Port Essington, where there is
nobody brit officials and a few soldier., and which is

barren, and entirely out of the way of trade,
oases 9,7251. The Falkland Islands, where the
has nothing but a heed of wild cattle
rir:fter, cost 6,0401. Sierra Leone, "ths white
ma's grave," oasts 4,9001. Settlements like these
, nee sere apologies fur settling annuities epee
disk civil officers. Again, part of the expen-
diture is for institutions which ought to be
defrayed by the colonists themselves. there is
41,1501. for stipendiary justices in the West
Indies. These colonies, if left to themselves, are
quite competent to support their own judges ; and in
point of fact the " stipendiary justices are mere spins
of Downing-street on the colonists, and have not
always been selected with very rigid attention to in-
tellectual aptitude or moral character. For the
clergy of North America" there is a chirp of
11,6784 ; a large proportion of the best lands in arse
colonies having been allotted for the support of the
church, greatly to the obstruction of settlement.
But the 27,4611. which Downing,street annually
costs us, and the aduitional 217,634/. annually en. I
pended for local purposes, form but • small part of
what the nation has to pay in order that the freak of
regulating every movement of the colonies in Downing-
street may be carried into effect. The troopsstationed
in the colonies, and the ships of war stationed
of them are meant leas to defend these provinces than
to keep their inhabitants in subjection. The troops
in Canada are less wanted in the eyes of government
to keep out the Americans than to keep under the
Canadians. The ships of war in the West Indies are
relied upon in the event of the Combined Court of
British Guiana or the Assembly of Jamaica running
restive. In all ordinary times the militias of the
colonies are quite adequate to their defence. Indeed,
one great use of colonies in remote parts of the globe,
such as Australia and the Pacific, is to supersede the
necessity of ships. of war, by affording asylums for our
commercial marine or shipwrecked emirs. Yet we
maintain upwards of 36,000 rank and file of soldiers
in our colonies (exclusive of India), or rather more
than one-fourth of our whole army. And the pro-
portions of our naval and ordnance expenditure, for
which the defence of the colonies is made a pretext,
are at least equal.
The-e statements will enable our readers to form
something like an estimate of the permanent regular
expenditure entailed upon this country by the absurd
notion of centralising all colonial administration in
Downing-street. But the incidental charges to which
the blunders necessarily resulting from the attempt to
administer the affairs of communities many thousand
miles distant, by men utterly ignorant of local relit.
thee, are scarcely lees onerous. The rebellion in
Quads which, some ten years ago, cost usupwards of a
million, was provoked solely by this plan of absentee
government. The millionand a half whichtholast Kaffir
war coat us, together with all the expenses of ail the
Kaffir wars which preceded it, and of all the coercion'
of the 1/utch farmers, might have been saved, had we
allowed the colonists to regulate their own internal
affair", and provide for their own defence. Bat for
the bungling interference of the home government,
New Zealand might have been settled and governed
without one penny of expense to this country, whines
it has been costing us 37,000 per annum.
Thus have we attempted to indicate, as well as can
be done in the absence of honest and intelligible
accounts, how much JOHN BULL pays year by year,
in order that the Colonial-office may govern the
'colonies, instead of leaving them to govern
themselves. And what does JOHN get in re-
turn for all this money ? Colonies arc of
ms to a country in two ways : as markets
for its produce, and as profitable fields of
Investment for its surplus population and capital.
The colonies which have entirely separated from us—
the United States—are as good, if not better,
customers than any that remain annexed to the em-
pire. And that the colonies may. prove an eligible
resort for our emigrants, not only is it not necessary
that we should interfere in their local government,
but, as we will show in a few days, that interference
materially diminishes their usefulness in this respect.
All, then, that JOHN Butt gets in return for the
money he expends in order that the colonies may be
governed in this country is the vain glory of being
thought to govern them. The trading politicians of
the aristocracy and its led captains may earn some-
thing more substantial by it, but JOHN has nothing
but the illusory name of an unprofitable and irritating
superiority to show fur his money. When we take
into account what he lays out for this shadow, we
may well say, in the words of a colonist of no
mean note, " he is paying too mach for his whistle."

THE trickery of the guinea trade Asylums is in
no point more conspicuous than in their elections.
From the moment you nominate a candidate until the
hour when you find that you have spent your time
and money to no purpose, you are involved in a vortex
of scheming, jobbing, and intrigue. How anxious
they are to get your candidate upon their lists! One
would think that with what they call their " limited
mows," and their "very limited accommodation,"
they would not be desirous to have more candidates
than they could help. But, on the contrary, they
even go the extent of advertising for them. "All
new candidates should be immediately nominated and
registered." So runs the advertisement. " Nomi-
nate, nominate, nominate—register, register, regis-
ter." Every possible facility is afforded you. "Forms
of nomination and every information may be obtained
from the secretary."
The bland secretary who issues your nomination
paper (and receives your guinea, but never mind
that) offers to assist you in duly filling it in. His
attention is really quite remarkable (he is quietly
pumping out all the particulars; but never mind that
either). When ho folds up the paper for you, and
puts it in an envelope, he assures you most confidently
of success. "He n heard of a more interesting
case : really it has quite affected him : would you be
a steward at the next anniversary dinner? or would
"SiSTIMOTIIT SOMEBODY," whom you mentioned,per-
mit his name to be put down as an honorary vice?
He feels quite confident that every governor of the
charity— a most "peculiar" charity, he can assure
you—will feel a warm interest in so touching an
appeal. All you have to do is to make the case
known. He would promise you a vote himself, but
unfortunately, &c. Do you happen to know any
clergyman who would lend his pulpit or preach for
the asylum?"
In a long list of plena:able and benevolent recol-
lections, we recur to no reminiscence more delightful
than when first we nominated a candidate for admis-
sion to an orphan school. How deeply that bland
secretary impressed us with the peculiar excellence of
his " peculiar" institution ! How fully did he make
us believe that we had at last found " fathers for the
fatherless, and friends for the destitute and forsaken
ones." He sold us a " List of the Governors" for a
shilling, and no book we ever bought (not even our
first SHAKBPEARE) ever seemed half so cheap. Bene-
volence beamed from its every page. Each name
seemed to carry to our hearts the warmth and gladness
of a Christmas fire. The list of "patrons and presidents"
was better reading than the bill of any pantomime in
the most palmy days of our juvenile theatrical epochs.
" A shilling "—why, the picture of the asylum
on the frontispiece was worth the money ten times
over !
" All you have to do is to make the case known."
You rush home to the disconsolate widow for whose
poor child you are exerting yourself; and carry to her
those words of comfort, giving them all the emphasis
of the bland secretary's enunciation. You proceed to
" make it known." You print cards, and begin to
post them to the "governors," writing all the direc-
tions yourself for fear of mistake. Before you have
done much, it occurs to you that the task you have set
yourself is no very easy one. The cost of it also
strikes you as considerable. You make a calculation,
and find that there are 4,000 Raines subscribers, and
that you will have to expend nearly 30/. in address-
ing them :
4,000 can* et 4*. per hundred
4,000 envelope*, at 12s. per thousand
4,000 postage stamps at Id.

E 27 1 4
This le the cheapest at which you can manage it.
The idea elarms you. The poor struggling
.widow
could never find the money : and where then is it to
come from except out of your own pocket? What
can you save ? The cards and envelopes you must
have. Can you save the postage ? In the report you
find in deep black letters the following :
CArriox.—Persons canvassing far children are cautionkd
not to injure their cause by throwing the expense of postage
on the subscribers.

It strikes you that you way save something by
delivering some of the letters yourself. You take
half a dozen of them down to Vanity Fair" ac-
cordingly. The first address is at a magnificent
house, and as you put your hand to the knocker on