The Express.
London, England, 1847-12-25 00:00:00

~ :i~Y~i~L+G.

under arms that morning before the tamp Ines a
form a square. Before Smith mu gad tap ha did t.
there win one bat was willing to go ; they were all ra
go when they knew they were to bate en escort.
!ream driven in going a few penes did not go town
lark bag to prepare themselves to do as they were or
This was the first time the ling= drivers had been
M shop wood, having previendy been only required ta
away wood. Only knew of their chopping wood once ,
this, which was oa that day, and be went with them. .
ems rev easagegiele of Smith, but in intimate friend.
Tls peemelder • John Crawford Smith, was next m-
amba B Sam, who was dead, wee at the head of a
=Mild' eddies, who came to the colony in 1820—
hadl bon seauged in the king's service. He hired
hie masa to dm isisriat at 10s. 6d. per day; It Wall no
pat of big ettairest to eat wood. Witness here corroborated
the evident* of the last witness as% what passed between
him and D. A. C. C , and between the waggon drivers
and defendant, etattgaatialhe the reason why he said he did
not know whether he was going or not—he would go if the
others went—wee begause Ice did not know whether he was
goinitb] himself or with ea essort. Whoa defendant came to
the erllkCemadeg and Adj. Jennings, 21rt Refit. '
to him as one who refused to go, and also to
a insa et eines killed by the Kaffir's. When the driven,
after weft es ge, had turned round and got a few paces off
to prime dressegves to go, wi nose heard some one my
stop, sad limas& beard defendant say he world flog one of
them de the sake of example. Defendant then asked who
wail the riagleader ; he heard no answer. After this he wee
ordered le strip ; he was at this time nearest to defendant.
He mid he world not unless he knew what be had done.
They then, tied his hands and legs with reins to the hind
wheel of a waggon. (Witness then described the flow,
breaking loose, &c.) He begged them not to tear his
being the only one Ise had, his clothes having been barned,
after he had been tied up the second time. Defendant asked
how many lulus he had received, and some one said 22; he I
then ordered the drummer to give him three mere, and said
he would serve one waggon driver so every morning to make
them remember it was martial law. He was hurt, sad felt
the blood running down his back. He was sent to the hos-
pital, where his back was washed with salt end water. In
reply to his counsel, he said he was sick foe a few months
afterwards: the mark was mill en his back. In tiogr
to the Attorney-General, witness said he meetioned at
about an escort to Osman; ; he had bees several thaw
SR4.l:tt wleigbetntoarbitr44l:44enelettn=
dangerous for the people to get it. Did not know of
gay troops being ander arms in the morning until they came
with defendant. Cumming to his kßowledge never rout-
*ained of the disobedience of the waggon drivers. Left Fort
Peddle in July. In reply to the Judge, he Raid he hod al-
lowed Dr. Tattered to collect money to enable him to defray
the expenses of the trial.
Edward Norton, a waggon proprietor, was the next wit-
ness examined. He corroborated the evidence of the previous
witnesses as to what took place when defendant came to the
waggon with Cumming. After Smith had been pointed
out, on defendant asking if there were any more who re-
fused to go, witness and two or three black men stepmel out.
to hen defendant asked them why they were unwilling to go,
Smith said he was not unwilling to go if the rest
went, and provided he bad an mewl. Defendant then
said " Oo." Then they were turning round to gn. De-
fendant then said " Stop; 11. Begone of you m an example."
In reply to the Attorneyeileneral, witness mid he thought
he was not bound te go because his contract was to drive
waggons, not to cut wood—which was a general opinion
amongst the drivers—who were rationed as well as paid.
Defendant read the proclamation of martial law.—By Mr.
Ebden : They were to have 10.. 61. per day and rations :
the rations were more than those given to a soldier.—By the
judge: They refused to go partly because they thought it
was no part of their contract to go, and partly because it
was a dangerous spot ; they supposed they were to go with-
out an escort, because they did not see one; they were going
out without their waggons, and as they had never done so be-
fore, they thought they were going without an escort, lie
had received no orders from anybody that morning that they
were to go out.—Richard Dimond, clerk to the commissariat,
was called to prove the contract, which was admitted by the
Attorney-Oeneral.—lt should be mated that two witnesses
for the prosecution were not heard : one named Webb (an-
other penon of the same name having been summoned by
mistake), and one named Evans, whom it was not thought
necessary to examine.
ETU/RICE FOR THE DEFENCE.—From the evidence of D.
A. C. Cumming, the lint witness examined for the defence,
it appeared that the waggon drivers were idle, excepting
when they went for wood, three days a week. (Mr. Ebden
objected to the evidence of this witness on the ground of his
being an accomplice. Objection overruled by the judge.)
He thought the strength of the post would not admit of a
fatigue party going with the military to cut wood. He
communicated the order to the waggon driven to cut wood
on the evening of the day before Smith was flogged, and
that they were to be in readiness to cut wood next morning.
Could not recollect whether Smith was there. The roeu
epee seed to him to be willing to go next morning.
He went to them next miming to see it they were ready to
go ; they began to grumble, appeared dissatisfied, and did
not wish to go: he told Smith he had better go ; Smith
grumbled, but witness could not recollect precisely the
words he used; he told him he would report him to de-
fendant unless he said he would go ; con d not recollect
his words ; it seemed to be a refusal ; and he went and
reported to Colonel Lindsay, whom he informed that
the waggon drivers refused to go and cut wood ; he
told defendant he could not carry on his duties unless en
example was made of some of them. Defendant, Adjutant
Jasmine, and witness, walked down to the waggons; en
assort hod beta 4neira up the& morning in front of tha
Maur bentadisr la..Ve two hewing
yeah desedwes ; M. worthiest
or mesa he wont for defead—a—r 17s1 etenithigthme
when he returned with defend the erelong led been
for wood before this, and them had always bean sa weed ;
defendant spoke to the waggon-driven; could not reselling
i what he said ; after he had spoken to them for some ties
defendant asked him to point out the ringleader sal he
pointed out Smith ; when defendant began to talk te the
drivers, the escort was brought into the square, and they
were formed into a line ; defendant directed Smith to went
to the rear, and told those who refused to go to stand am-
ide of Smith ; could net recollect the
.purport of On
weds addressed by the defendant to the driven, but to the
best or his belief he remonstrated with them; did not re
celleot hearing the men say they would go before Smith wee
ordered to be punished ; be forgot whether they had walked
I away or not atter having been celled up the first time; the
waggon-drivers went out after Smith was punished, he thought
In several eases; he heard of no snore refusals; before Smith
was punished, the drivers had been troublesome for some
'; days; they did unwillingly what he directed them to do.
In reply to the prosecutor's coulee, witness said he could
not tell what the peens' cause of refusal might be: —By
the judge : Could not recollect that Smith said anything to
him about an escort —By Mr. Ebden : This was, he believed,
• the first day that the drivers had been sent without their
waggons to cut wood, before fatigue parties used to cat
wood; he could not recollect, but, to the best of his belief,
i he himself, and not the contractor, conveyed the massage
the evening before; he might have said he was sorry he bad
, bad anything to do with that cue. (The Attorney-Oeneral
remarked that, for one, he too was sorry to have had any-
thing to do with it.)
Defendant and Adjutant Jennings, 91st Regt., on being
examined, said : On the evening of the 20th of May a
garrison order was issued ordering the waggon drivers to
, proceed on the following morning to cut wood with an
, smut of Dragoon guards, &c. (produced the order book.)
Cumming was appointed to communicate the order. The
escort, commanded by Lieut. Bailey, paraded next morning
, according to order about half-past eight o'clock in the outer
barrack game. Finding the waggon driven were not ready,
. he piled arms and returned to his quarters. The men pant-
, ded about 60 or 70 yards from the waggons; the waggoners
Gould see them, la proof that they could be seen from the
waggons I called te the sergeant who was at the place where
the arms were piled to come down, which he did ; he was
going to defendant to tell hen that the waggoners had felled
to be there at the time required. Cumming then came up
to and requested him to inform defendant that he could do
nothing with the drivers ; they refused to obey his orders,
and he wished defendant would come down himself and
punish one or more of them. After this, defendant, Cum-
miug, end witless, went together to the waggon square.
Defendant ordered the drivers to be amerabled. The escort
was where he stated; it did not go with them. Defendant
asked the drivers why they did not obey his order ; he ap-
pealed to their good feelings ; asked them if they ought to
receive the Queen's pay and rate:nut without doing any-
thing. The waggons were seldom employed more than once
a week whilst they were at the post. There was a good
deal 01 talking on the part of the drivers as to their disin-
clination to obey the order. Defendant then said " I must
an I will have my order obeyed,—l'll gist, you this chases,
—such as do not chow to obey ins stand oa this side ; five
or six of the drivers did so. Cumming was then directed to
point out the one who had conducted himself worst on the
occasion, and he pointed to Smith. Smith denied having
been one of the worst, and Cumming insisted that he had.
Defendant then ordered him to be tied to the waggon-wheel
to receive 20 lashes. I think Smith said he would go if
they would let him off, when he was being tied up, if the
others would go. None of the others said they would go,
According to the custom of military corporal punishment,
it was not severe. Saw Smith two days afterwards; there
did not appear to be anything the matter with him. Defen-
dant told Smith that as a white man or European he ought
to have set a better example, and not to mislead Hottentots
and other black people. Previous to this, when the men
were ordered to parade, they were kept in file an hour and
a half after the appointed time for the waggons to be in-
itralledb.ut tliehyesecfmtnefas if. ttheoyffiwceorulidandot gone
onese ttheyhwurry
ere
bid, but would choose their own time. On their arrival
they were served with ammunition, and received orders not
to expend it, and not to create fate alarm by firing at all.
They did not obey this order. He spoke to them himself,
but they were never punished. When the proclamation of
martial law was real to the drivers, they were informed
that they were amenable to martial law if they conducted
themselves improperly. Had been in the 91st Regt since
May, 1842. Should think Col. Lindsay mere humane than
otherwise—that his failing was on the slob et humanity.—
In aces-examination witness said he was intimate with de-
fendant and his family. Four men had been
defendant's order since Bth DN. 1842 (retain pattara liel
never heard any feeling of dheatiehatioa swami
de adapt in the regiment; it behest he eim lit hay=
nodes et It. There hobbled peel mew Imerdem is
ever the Omega river, lied from a theasbemat et
modes
had ask lb, paned osomed,--By -
goo
seeds resodt beilotod, ow oolit. Ibis tit *ow
Um won in motley toosasslot with d~Notto ormosi,
Wag Abby seise who mil pet USN byLloir to
°Upbeat's Hair owl ether pint, tirs AN la the
army.—By Kr. lains Thom wrenlbw two
impalas, awl 4IMIIIIIdor, at Fat Pedals, whoa was
lewd, wallah Mt osorbowattoL
DO , mins of dm Dist, memlsi: Wee pro-
Nat whoa wig nabbed, baring bon told by deem&

mat's orderly that he was wanted. When he arrived, defend-
ant was mains to Cumming, of wheat he asked who was
most forward to laftuieig to op. Caroming then pointed oat
Smith. Te the beet of hls andlegioo, Smith then refused to
go out. Defendant then said ha would punish him as an
Inample to ethers. Defendant asked witness if there were
any objections to Smith being legged ; he said he saw ao
objection. Had been twenty nen in the army ; had seen
many hundreds logged ; it was the slightest he had ever seen
earned into alien. The smallest nonage of tante Inflicted on
a full-grown soldier is 50, the largest 600 (here a shudder of
horror is through theogart). Ifs had bad hundreds uaderhis
hand ; had never known a man to suffer in his bodily health
from a flogging; they had all generally attended duty again
in a Mort time. Haw Smith several times afterwards.
Asked him how he was ; he said he felt very
well. He made no complaint, and received no more
medical treatment after that. The wood was needed very
much in the fort on that day. The garrison had a great deal
of duty at that time ; they were surrounded by the enemy,
and gouge wen driven M. Did not know what the weggon
driveread to de. Fest Nadia was attacked en the 29th of
Hay. Had known deabodaet shoes Jere, 1848 ; he is quite
the reverse of and to dime under his command. They had
a man timed tege Ot dine weeks ago—the only mu flogged
by iebtat ter ems yeas.—By Mr. Ebden : Was very
Mill wire la tie army. By a late order of the
Dube of *be extent of flogging that ma be in-
flicted err MINOT fn gambols is 60 lashes, and this most be
time bcr seelMatartial. When Smith had been paniahed,
defestlaat gland "MIMS to see hint taken to the hospital:
his hank wen bad, sad the remedy used was to cure gad not
Ilepowie Oho pebt. Smith dictated reeteinies ip botipitel
_ ellortbs sieekteratzeseoved.

Defendant was there. o not recollect hearing anyt mg.
When he got there they were about proceeding to tie Smith
up, whom he heard say he would now go on the duty. Could
not recollect the words. Defend .nt said he most have him
punished as an example. Wirnen thought it a very slight
punishment. Had seen Smith frequently since—saw nothing
but the marks of the punishment..
. _

Serjeant-Major David M'lnto.k examined.—Smith was
punished the day after the contractor lad given notice that
he could not supply fuel. After he had received the order
about the wood from the adjutant witness published it in
the several departments. Was present when Cumming con-
veyed
this order to Smith, when Smith told Cumming point
blank that he would not go—that it was not part of hie
duty to go. After Smith said this Cumming said he would
report him to defendaut. Cumming went with Jennings '
defendant, and they shortly afterwards came to the place
where the drivers were standing . Defendant ordered the
drivers to assemble, which was done with a great deal of
reluctance on their part, but they did assemble. Defendant
remonstrated on their fully in refusing to obey Cumming's
orders; they all with ono Voice declared they would not
I go, 'tying they were hired to drive waggons—not to out
wood. Defendant desired Cumming to point out the ring-
leader; Cumming pointed to Smith ; defendant asked Smith
whether he would go, and he replied he would not go. De-
fendant said he would have his orders obeyed, pointing out
that Smith was under the same rules as anybody else in the
camp ; he was then ordered to strip : after he had been stn.
termed to receive 25 lashes he said he would go if the rest
went. After being tioggid he was ordered to the hospital.
The escort was paraded at half-past eight o'clock. The eicort
was pointed out to the drivers as being their protection, and
there could be no mistake as to their seeing it.—By the
Judge: The flogging took place about an hour or an hour
and a half after the escort was paraded.
. . •

Lieut. F. J. Bailey, 91st, examined : Was in charge of
the escort to protect a number of waggon drivers who were
to go and cut wood un the day Smith was flogged. Had re-
ceived the order the evosiug before. Was present when the'
party was paraded in the morning. Had about 60 or 60 men
th Dragoon Guards and C.M.R., to secure the safety of
the party.

nt T. Aiasley, hand sergeant, 91st, examined :
Paradedfea in the ranks of the escort. The bend were all in the
ranks, in consequence of the small number of men on duty.
Saw defendant come to the wageone that morning after the
escort had been paraded. When defendant, Cumming, and
Jennings, went down to the drivers the escort remained
where it was. The escort moved down aterwards, being
ordered. Defendant requested Smith, after the report was
made to him, to go • he said he would do as the others did,
or words to that effect. No one else offered to go in his
hearing. Defendant was reasoning with them at the time,
and pointed to martial law, telling them to be aware what
they were about. The manner of the driven was disrespect-
ful to defendant. Heard him my nothing about coloured
people.—By the Attorney-General : The escort was not
formed lino a square.
Adjutant Jennings recalled by the Attorney-General.—
The escort was drawn up in a.line, not in • square.—By
Mr. Ebden : There were two aides of a square and a part of
a squats.
Sergeant M'Cabe esiantined.—Was sergeant of the snort
on she morning SWAYS was dogged. t
oßnbd
Jennings, and defendant, going down t the waggons. Co
not recollect if the escort- had been paraded before the
went down. When the escort had been marched to the wag-
goe
did ndrotieegne !ilea heard
wn with defendant. hWtil'atheseameo.tuoildhereed ther
conduct of the waggon drivers very insubordinate, when
defendant spoke to them. Heard defendant ask Smith if he
would go with the escort to cut wood. He said he would do
what the resit would do. None of the rest mad* say offer to
go. Had not seen many diggings. Could not say whether it
WAS severe or not.
. .

Lieut.-Col. O'Reilly : Had been on the frontier about 28
years. Had been 60 years in the army ; was brigade-major,
and had been so for many years. Had served in many parts,
'Spain, India, &c.; he oonsidered waggon-drivers, according
Ito the usages of war, camp followers. Such people he had
always considered to came under the Mutiny Act, but not as
soldiers; had known defendant about 30 years; had been in
the same regiment with him ; bad always Sound him a re-
markably mad-tempered person, and that wan his general
character.—Cross-examined by Mr. Ebden: Was deputy-
judgeadvocate under a special warrant for each court-
martiaL Was commandant at Graham's Town at the time
Smith was flogged. Several cases were brought to his notice
of civilians who had disobeyed orders whilst he was com-
mandant.; He invariably assembled five officers of the town,
civilian officers, not military, when a report of misconduct
I was made to him to hold an investigation. On one occasion
he refined to carry out a sentence of flogging passed by one
of these boards of investigation. He never inflicted the
punishment; he told that board he would terry out a
punishment of bread and water, solitary confinement, dce.—
By the Attorney-General; That was in Graham's Town.
The Secretary to government, Mr. Montague, was then
called in court, and it was understood that he declined to
obey the summons to appear because it had been served upon
him by the attorney for the prosecution, and not the sheriff.
The jury, after deliberating about ten minutes, found the
defendant guilty, but recommended him to mercy on ac-
count of the situation in which he was placed. The Judge
then called upon defendant to find bail for his appearance to
receive sentence either in the Circuit or Supreme Court when
called upon, and to be committed to prison in the event of hie
failing to give it. His own recognisance, for 501. was suffi-
cient. The defendant went immediately into the adjoining
room with the resident magistrate and signed the requited
bail bond. The trial lasted from ten in the morning to
nearly &Wisest ten at night.

NIAIMMUS.—Advices from Moulting to the 14th
of October have been received in Liverpool, but the letters
do not mention anything worthy of notice.

SWITZERLAND.—BgaNg, Dec. 19.—The follow-
ing letter is contained in the Constitutiontsel of Thursday
last : In consequence of a despatch from Paris, which ar-
rived in the Seat week of this month, M. Bois le Comte, who
continue. to reside at Bale, has had a frequent exchange of
communications with the Austrian envoy, Baron de Kaisers-
fold, who since the 4th of November has been at Bregens, a
little frontier town of the Vorarlberg, situated on the lake
of Constance. It appears that this exchange of correspond-
ence bas not been sufficient, and that the two diplomatists
have been invited by their respective courts to confer to-
gether, in person ; for M. de It aisersfeld left Bregenz on the
15th, and arrived at Bile on the 17th. Aooerding to a letter
from that town' the Prusian envoy, M. de ifydow, will
shortly rejoin his two colleagues for a time, and he will be
preceded by the Prunian governor of Neufchatel, General
de Pfuel, who bas just undertaken a voyage to Berlin. A
letter which I have just received from Lucerne dams that
the new grand council yesterday proceeded to the amine-
Son of the members of the council of state, who, Iseemy
elected for four years, will at the same time, couples the
directoral authority of the confederation, for the years
1849 and 1850. The choice which bad to be made was
therefore of the highest importance, in a federal am well u in
a eantonal respect. It has fallen on the most eminent men
of the progressist party; but what also characterise' it is,
that out of eleven members, the moderate fraction of the li-
beral party counts seven nominations. The following are
the newly elected councillors, some of whom were chosen al-
most unanimously : M. Schumacher Uttenberg, federal
colonel and president of the municipal council ; M. Francis
Widmer, of Geifingen; M. Kopp, en arms ; M. Martin
Arnold, Bucher, d'Elcholzmatt ; Doctor Steiger ; M. B.
Schnyder ; M. Isaac ; M. Dula, professor; M. Winckler and
M. Iluber, a district judge. Three only of the elected took
part in the expedition of the corps francs in 1845—namely,
M. Steiger, M. Arnold, and M. B. Schoyder. The presi-
denz7 of the new council of state was reserved to Dr.
Steiger, but this excellent patriot has declined the honour,
in order to leave the field free to M. Kopp, who was presi-
dent of the Dist sad oldie Vorort in 1838, and who, though
he made a sloshed "position to the fallen government, has
always been hostile es violent entaprima
ITALY.—BoIo, Disc. 12.—The Courrier de Mar-
seille ham the khowlai etersepoeisose 1 interned you
in my peacetime 1.44 M et tho isameehretion whisk took
plea male the windows of the mod et Switematead, in
cosespiasse ft lie Biet et the Boaderbund, and I apoise of
the deep • viola it caused to Pius IX. Some lbw
of bass bean since published in the Mori*
Irmalewilay
earaitilis
4givbsal7Pistse Serail, sway =mai sties;
hie telheeeitimes to seieseeles youireee
Ho a& hem endue the aimilliellises et the
eight tbe hse, eel esqueli the dim* le ea their
pad Nebel ell leilloilue to Itheble, who mil always

•
•
413.) LONDON, SATURDAY EVENING, DEC. 25, 1817. [3d.

ready, he observes to seise on the slightest pretext to bring
on a cavil war. This production had sanely got into circu-
lation whoa a considerable crowd of young men collected
together, and hurrying to the public erten, forced it from
their hands and tore it in pieces. They then bunt out into
vociferation* against the author and against the Jesuits. As
the outcry continued some persons proposed to go
and burn down the printing-office whence the len.
tins had issued. Tenho; were than procured, and
the crowd were preoeeding toward' the printing.
offloe, when numerous detachments of the civic guard
arrived and prevented them from going further. The same
evening about 11 o'clock, the Transtererine attempted to ex •
cite fresh disorders. The Least: Col. of Carbinaers hurried
to Cardinal Ferretti, who ordered the drams to be beaten,
and ordering out dragoons and other troops dispersed the
crowd. Some persons who were arrested gave as an excuse
for their revolt that they were in want of work and food. A
rumour meanwhile prevailed through Rome that the dra•
goons had used their "ahem, and several persona, though
convinced of its falsity, endeavoured to propagate it. The
troops remained under arms all night. This morning the
government caused money to be distributed to the indivi-
duals without employment in the quarter Transteverin ; but
.vary one considers the assertions relative to want to be a
ram pretext to urge the people t 3 disturbance. The policy
of France is badly looked on here, and our self-love as French
citizens has had much to suffer from the stay of Lord Monte
at Rome. Count Rossi has chosen a day of reception in the
week, and I think I inn declare that no pram were spared
to have his eiluons left empty. It appears the attempt was
tolerably suecesafal."
LOMBARDY.—AIIHRIAN Rion's IN ITALY.—
The Governor of the Venetian provinces ham jest published
dveree_ iriterilietiug the admission into the Lonabardo-Voi
netian kingdom of the journal' of Central Italy. The fed-
lowing are the principal clauses of this edict :—" Consider- ,
ing that the quasi-anarchy, which is always continuing to
render the state of Central Italy worse and worse, has con-
siderably increased the number of political publications, all
given up to the ideas of modern liberalism, and having the
dangerous tendency to overturn the present order of things,
constantly exciting hatred and contempt against Austria, it
has become indispensable to prevent the guilty productions
of an unbrid'ed press from being introduced and dissemi-
nated through the Austrian states. The only means of ob-
taining this end is to visit with the most rigorous exclusion
all gazettes and journals of the states of Central Italy in
which these publications of revolt are made. Consequently,
there are rigonnuly prohibited and inserted in the Damm-
ingr not only the papers which are within the category
above indicated, as the hallo, the Italico, the Alba, the
Bilancia, the Quor;diano, the Courrier, the Italie, the
Sptraar,a, the Felsineo, the Cotemporaneo, &c., &c., but
also all the other papers which are published in the terri-
tories of Rome, 'Tuscany, and Lucca, and that as long as
the present state of abuse of the press shall continue in these
countries." _ _ _

AUSI Dec. 15.—The declaration
made by Lord Palmerston regarding the intervention' in
Switzerland is interpreted in this sense, that Great Britain,
being over under the influence of the external situation of
Switzerland, considers herself free from any necessity of active 1
intervention in the affair, but that she does not the less re-
cognise the right of the frontier countries to put in fore the
treaties which guarantee the neutrality and independence
of the republic. France, Austria, and Proasia, whilst
their representatives are holding emir:emcee at Neufchatel,
wilt probably back them by a considerable display of troop.,
which is a measure, as it were, justified by the violent re-
pressive measures of the Diet against the cantos' of the
Sonderbund.

PENSION TO CAPT. MARIYATT.—The good-service
at the disposal of the Admiralty hasUen given to
rliE tiS XISTEatt'LCB.OESION TRAlNC—Yeaterday morn-
ing a greet number of persons availed themselves of the op-
portunity afforded by the direetors of the several lines of rail-
way, to proceed by train, and spend a few days at this season
with their friends, returning on Monday next, double journey
tickets on the London sad North-Weetaien, Great Western,
South-Western, lad South-Eastern Railways, issued to-day
and to-morrow, being available on that day; there being no
limitation, the journey may extend to any distance on the
respective lines, within the limit of the fore. On the South-
Eastern and Dover special trains will be provided, the pas-
sengen at this time last year having been so numerous.
CHRISTMAS FARE.—Yesterday the parcel traffic on
the various railways was enormous. By every train there
arrived such a quantity of hampers, coataiaing poultry and
other provision for the great feast of to-day, that special
arrangements were forced en the managers to preveat confu-
sion and loss. At the terminus of the Eastern Counties
Railway—the great estuary for Norfolk turkeys—a lug*
area in front of the station was covered in for the
protection of the " up" goods, and another adjoining the
down line for those packages sent from London. By
this line, duress( the two days, about 4,000 pack-
ages hen arrived from the country, end about
2,000 have been forwarded from London. Two clerks
have been employed each day in delivering the goods.
The interchange of presents and the transit of Chrstmre
fare in the metropolis have been as great as from the pro-
vinces. The businen done by the London Parcels Delivery
Company has been unusually great. We have ascertained
that during the last three days there have passed throuith
the office of that establishment upwards of 23,000 parcels,
14,000 of which, mostly consisting of eatables, were received
and delivered yesterday. Amidst this interchange of the
good things of this life the poor have not been forgotten.
His Grace the Duke of Northumberland continues the cus-
tomary annual gift of 1001. of his predeceavor to the poor
inhabitants of St Martin-in-the-Fields. The vicar, assisted
by the churchwardens and other parochial officers, visited
the dwellings of the poor in the parish, and distributed the
amount amongst the most deserting, each recipient of his
grace's bounty neeising tickets for 1 e cwt. of coals, and for
meat and bread in proportion to the number in Dmily, be-
sides half-a-crown in money. A donation of the same amount
from the abuse-named no,deman was distributed in a similar
meteor by the rector of Isleworth, to the deserving poor of
that perish sad Brentforin and the parish anthem= et.
Martin-in-the-fields also distributed a large number of an-
kets and a quantity of flannel clothing. The peer of St.
Sepulchre's parish not being in the receipt of parochial re-
lief were presented with tickets for coals, bread, and meat,
and in cases of old age or infirmity with tea and sugar. Mr.
Thurston, of Catherine-street, Strand, distributed his annual
gifts of beef, in proportion to number and family, to the poor
of St. Mary-le-Strand, and the precincts of the Savoy. The
Duchess of Kent's gifts to the poor of Kensington were dis-
tributed yesterday. The recipients of Mr. Whitehead's
(Westminster-road) bounty received beef and mutton, in
'exchange for tickets issued on Monday last. Tin Duke and
Duchess of Cambridge have directed that every poor family
residing in the vicinity of Kew shall be tupplied with a
substantial dinner on Christrnu-day. The clergymen of tbe
several churches in the extensive pariah of Lambeth dis-
tributed large quantities of coals, bread, meat, potatoes, and
oatmeal, besides flannel and blankete, to the p.uur inhabitants
of their respective districts; similar distributions were made
in most of the City parishes, and a very large issue of coals
will be made from the City kitchen, to every poor
permit who has been enabled es obtain a ticket.
Upon inquiry as to the fare of the poor in the workhouses,
It appeue that in most cases the same allowance will be ob-
served as in former years, averaging 6 or. of roast beef and
lib. of plum pulding, besides, in some cases, allowaacea of
tobacco and snuff for the aged, and fruit and sweetmeats for
the children. Generally speaking there is an incresae in
the number of poor, but this is attributed, in ninny cans, to
the scarcity of employment. There will also be an allow-
ance as usual to the prisoners in the City prisons, and to the
turnkeys, the latter the gift of the respective governors.
MR. NEwMAN.—The arrival of this gentleman in
the metropolis is daily looked for. The document which he
brings with him is described as being of almost equal impor-
tance with that which Cardinal Pole read to the peer» of
England, wherein they were informed that the Pope of Rome
had reconciled our island to his see, relieved Britain of the
ban, and authorised the secularisation of the church lands.
The document entrusted to the keeping of the wary author
of " Development" authorises changes almost as startling.
It decrees the abolition of "Vicars Apostolic"—those re-
spectable officials through whom Rome has hitherto con-
sented to be represented, and in their place substitutes twelve
bishoprics with an archbishop in England. This has been
done without the opinion of our government being asked
upon the matter, and carried out in a manner the moat
offensive that could be devised. In France, the Pope dare
not create a new bishopric without the sanction of the crown.
In England, the feelings and sentiments of the wearer of
the crown are studiously disregarded by the Vatican.—
Church and Sta,e Gazelle.
PRESERVED POTATOEL—A novel importation has
recently taken place, by a vessel arrived from Gothenburg,
consisting of some Mai of preserved potatoes. Potatoes'
are free of duty when In • raw state, and may,
for a definite period, be brought without referenceto the existing navigation laws, and this parcel was
entered by the importers as free of duty; but, on
examination by the officers of the revenue, the contents
were found to have undergone a process of preserving, by
which they considered them liable to an ad va/orewi duty of
10 per cent. on manufactured goods; the proem being the
'tweaking of the potatoes into small pieces, and drying them.
A patent is in existence for a preserved preparation of the
potato in this country, which is supplied to the East
India Company and to emigrants, of which an
analysis is perm by Dr. Ure, to the effect that
it contains, by chemical analysis, the whole notri-1
nous principles of that root, in a pun, concentrated state.
It was a matter of some doubt whether this importation was
in any way affected by the patent, but we believe it has been
decided in the negative. Although the importation is novel,
it is understood to be a common preparation of the vegetable
in Sweden (from which this supply took place) and to
have been so for a long period, and that the only process of
manufacture to which the potatoes have been subjected is
that of drying and forting them through a sieve or cullender,
which however renders them liable to the ad valorem duty.
MAXIMS ON MONEY.—The art of living easily Kato
money is to pitch your scale of living one degree below your
means. Comfort and enjoyment are mote dependent upon
easiness in the detail of expenditure than upon one degree's
difference in the scale. Guard against false associations of
pleasure with expenditure—the notion that because pleasure
can be purchased with money, therefore money cannot be
spent without enjoyment. What a thing costs a man is no
true measure of what it is worth to him ; and yet bow often '
is his appreciation governed by no other standard, as if there
were a pleasure in expenditure per se. Let yourself feel a
want before you provide against it. You are more enured
that it is a real want : and it is worth while to feel it a little
in order to feel the relief from it. When you are undecided
as to which of two courses you scald like best, choose the
cheapest This rule will not only save money, but save also
a good deal of trifling indecision. Too much leisure leads to
expense ; because when a man is in want of objects, it oc-
curs to him that they are to be had for money ; and he in-
vents expenditures in order to pass the time.—Taylor'is
Notes from Life.
WHAT A GENTLEMAN MAY DO, AND WHAT HE
MAT NOT no.—He may carry a brace of partridges, but not
• leg of mutton. He may be seen in the omnibus-box at the
opera, but not on the box of an omnibus. He may be seen
in a stall inside • theatre, but not at a stall outside one. He
may dust another person's jacket, but must not brush his
own. He may kill a man in a duel, but he mustn't eat peas
with his knife. He may thrash a coalheaver, but he mustn't
ask twice for soup. He may pay his debts of honour' but
ha need not trouble himself about his tradesmen's bills.
Heary drive a stage-coach, but he mustn't take' or carry
coppers. He may ride a horse as a jockey, but he mustn't
exert himself in the least to get his living. He must never
forget what he owes to himself as a gentleman, but he need
not mind what he owes as a gentleman to his tailor. He
may do anything, or anybody, in fact, within the range of a
gentleman—go through the Insolvent Debtors' Court, or
turn billiard-marker ; but he must never on any account
carry a brown paper parcel, or appear in the streets without
a pair of glove..—Comic Almanac&

MILITARY OUPSIP.—The Cork papers state that the officer
recently concerned in the night raw in that city will be pro-
ceeded against by the military authorities, and that in anti-
cipation of their verdict he has resigned. Capt. Bunbury,
whose name has been mixed up in a love or hone-whipping
affair at Cork recently, is said to have gone back to hu
quarters there.

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