The Express.
London, England, 1847-06-29 00:00:00

UNITED STATES AND
MEXICO.

The Hibernia, Captain Ryrie, arrived yesterday
morning in the Mersey, alter a quick passage of little
more than nine days, from Halifax. Her dates are:
New York, Jane 15; Boston, June 16; Halifax,
Jane 18; New Orleans, June i ; Brazes, June 4 ;
Vera Cruz, June 1; Puebla, May 29; Mexico (city),
May 21.
he intelligence from Mexico is not decisive as to
the result of the presidential election; but it seems
conclusive as to the fact of Santa Anna not having
been re-elected. The election was held simulta-
neously in all the states in a condition to use their
constitutional privilege on the 15th May, but the re-
tarns bad not been received at Mexico up to the latest
dates from that capital. It is, however, confidently I
asserted that Santa Anna was not anywhere voted
for. He had also experienced a pretty unequivocal
proof of his loss of popularity when he entered the
capital on the 19th of May, having been received
with hisses and pelted with stones. These accounts
came, it is true, from Americans—from enemies
prompt to believe the worst of the position of a man
whom they hate ; but in the main we suspect they
will bo found to be accurate. Of course, nothing
mere had transpired of Mr. Trist's mission. The
American leaders will not open their pacific budget
till sure of Herrera's election.
The American army had not advanced beyond
Puebla. The divisions were closing ap, and concen-
trating on Puebla. General Scott was expected to
arrive there en the 4th of Jane. It was understood
that as soon as the new recruits joined, the army
would be pushed forward upon the city of Mexico.
Preparations for resistance were making at Rio Frio
by the Mexicans ; but after the route and dispersion
of two armies, with the scarcity of arms which is
known to pervade the republic, and with the embit-
tered spirit likely to be infused into the spirits of
Santa Anna's soldiery, should the news of his uni-
versal and even contumelious rejection as president
prove true, no stand of any moment can be looked for.
No movement against the• American troops had
taken place at Puebla. But the road from Vera Cruz
to Jalapa continued to be rendered insecure for small
parties by bands of broken Mexican soldiery. The
Mexicans do not, however, appear well adapted for
this which has been conceived to be the national
mode of warfare of the Spanish race. They are
indifferent marksmen, and appear to have little relish
for the business. Notwithstanding the exhortations
of Some of the clergy the guerilla bands continued
few and inconsiderable. And such of the American
officers as had had experience in Texan warfare
found no difficulty in keeping them effectually in check.
At Vera Cruz some more cases of the real sons&
pride had shown themselves : but, for the season,
the sickness among the troops really appears to have
luso inconsiderable. Complaints were made of re-
missness in landing stores, of expenses incurred for
demurrage, and so forth ; but in all such enterprises
as that of the invasion of Mexico, there will be every
now and then a screw loose, and grumblers who
make the most of it from a constitutional pleasure in
,easaplaining. The new liners were beginning to I
eaMe in. The Zendica arrived at Vera Cruz on the
128th of May, with about 200.
Col. Daniphan's advanced guard had reached
Saltillo.
At Washington the misunderstanding with Brazil
attracted some attention, but inspired no serious
alarm. Mr. D. Tod, the new minister from the
United States to the Imperial Court, was about to
embark at New York for Rio Janeiro in a ship of the
line. His instructions were conciliatory, and such as
would soothe the wounded dignity of the Brazilian
government. After landing Mr. Tod, the Ohio (the I
vessel in which be was to sail) was to pass round
Cape Horn to the western coast of America. Com-
modore
Jones, appointed to that station, was to pass
overland to California, and join his squadron at
Monterey.
Quite an excitement appears to have been occa-
sioned in the American mind by the arrival of the
Canadian yacht Alice, at Milwanbie, on Lake Erie,'
" direct from the Atlantic." "A sea-going vessel,"
exclaims the New York morning Courier and In-
quirer, " has teach-odour lakes." [Coal enough this,
considering that one half of them belong to Great Bri-

tain.] And again, " Think that what vessels of peace I
may do—vessels of war can do." Of a truth, oar
transatlantic kinsmen are becoming strongly bellicose.
A British yacht cannot pay a friendly visit to their
ports but they are immediately conjecturing how they
would receive a hostile one from a British man-of-war.
This is rank childishness.
The acceants which we have quoted under the
I head of markets are highly satisfactory.
The Courier mitt Inquirer states, in reference to
past supplies :
To show whit the seprirli of bresdstufil to Great Britain and
Ireland hew beat this 111.010111, tort Iti from let September last to the
early part of June—little owe Man motith•—we annex • table of
shipments tram the ports named
Con meet Wbeet. 1 Seem,.
SW, BM. Bus. ue.
12th June New Toth 931,734 289,771 1,118,273 5,259,759
11th „ Baltimore 265,990 06,136 63,533 1,612,250
2r.d ~ New Orleans 509,231 23,512 274,307 3,452,247
sth „ Philadelphia— 204,779 187,090 440,831 958,871
sth ~ ...Norfolk
sth „ Boston
sth „ ...Other porta ... 49,648 47,507 32,457 317,626
2,074,715 653.919 13,621,929
There may MW ad to 567,379 bushels it cob sod barley, and
then we km Be 11100.10.111 et lak. of flour sad magi V 33,731
And at Ugh* ist misken, equal at deli
toads auk to 6,
199,939 Dbl.

Total, reduced *tends. 11,503.573
Ma millions barrels direr and earn meal have alreedy been mot
in a little over thrteugenrths of the year to Crest Britain and
Ireland! The prime rang there at the last dates were higher
than ever, awl etampedig all that can b.' got to mar-
ket will be send In de resteinteg rpru-Ur of the year, before
the iblyamols WO al We yesx's crop. It is not in our Jedg-
name as imaggsrseplsodasbe that 1,250,000 hla. cued, or the equim-
Mat &bred is beide sed barrels will be sent forward, and then we
014014 ben ler dr ems eareynte seven and a quarter millions of
bands dam awl maal, or their equieslent in grain, contributed by
be Whit SOW 14 "feed klngland,” which a late Lcodon true.
use
aeewslo ilkk• MINT presumptuous and not at all a praiseworthy
~ea our wt. These Weal weigh 2001bs, each—and cilculating
them at that mei& would afford one pound a day for nearly one-
third of a yew twoivemillloa people-or half the popolltion of Great
Britain and helm& There areborse3B veverls on the berth now loading
for /Treat Britain. end es telgbishave rather a tendiney to rise, ship-
menu will be hunts& Tics diem mad canals ore taxed to their utmsrl
to br rag to the brolmedtb• surplus of the interior. Already we have
received flour, sat wbesbyetlueing it [odour, near 774,000 bbls. more
than In any precedes me at this time ; and of Indian corn mercers
glrtthh"
weessy ree
weeks will he in in
Napalm Is TC,1071. It bo sal YNe amiss of
les well generally,
but the grain will riot be gry mesh foe shipment before september
or Octoter. The United Oldie ship Macedonian, lent by the
government to carry pcovilkiliS to Ireland—after much &-
laic., colmquent upon mime pally local, at last sailed this morning.
tier c:arga, contributed by whale besevoleete, and urea which it is
understood no !might is le las pig gibes bp rßritisk geramment
or be the sale of any parte( dir mitt as Mows
1,0t7
Clothing ..... *fp. 30 boss
Rice . 200 Mal We. 5,179
Peas
sett bap 1.132 Mime
41
Corn
Corn
Beans gage 2,103 Meer O4
Beam ls. 122 Tea chats
la
This is a far more profitable and pleasing task than
writing about war. We are anxious to drive a trade with
the union for their breadstuffs, and glad to receive
their fraternal assistanct in the day of dearth. May
it be long ere there be any occasion for us to show
by similar ready liberality -how cordially we feel the
friendship that has been testified on their part.
The benefits realised in America last year from the
sale of breadstuffs and the prospects of the coming
crops had imparted general prosperity to the country.
The state of the money market was easy, firm, and
buoyant.
BRITISH NORTH AMERICA.—From the Nova
Scotia journals, received by the Hibernia, it appears
that the day tor the general election had not been
fixed. It was believed that the nominations would
take place on the 29th of July, and the polls on the
sth of August. The Canadian House of Assembly
bad been the scene of some vigorous sparring be-
tween the ministerial and opposition parties. The
sufferings of the emigrants is the sea-board pro-
vinces continued to be great. There were several
vessels in quarantine at St. John's [New Brunswick].
The number of the sick was 450, and there had been
143 deaths. About 5,000 emigrants had arrived
there since the opening of the "Eason. On the 2nd
of June the Loosthtank, of Dublin, for Quebec, out
seven weeks, applied at Miramichi for assistance. Of
467 passengers, 117 had died on the voyage, and 100
were unable to help themselves ; the crew, from
exhaustion, were unable to work the ship. Between
the time of the vessel's being brought to the wharf
and the 7th, 40 more of the passengers died.
[For Corn Markets see lost yam and for Cotton but page.]

RUSSIAN TRADE AND INTERCOURSE WITH
CHINA.
The principal seat of the Russian trade with China
is at Kiachta, and the Mongolian frontier establishment
Naitmaichin. Second in importance to that emporium is the
commerce maintained at Kokand by caravans from Oren-
burg. The Chinese and Usbeck merchants from Turkistan
and Haase assemble there to meet the Russian traders, and
carry on a valuable traffic. From these regions, as well as
from North-Western China, small partites of native merchants
start for Semipalatinsk and Troizk in Siberia, where a simi-
lar, but not such an extensive, traffic takes place. A great
deal of illicit bartering has existed to the east of Kiachta,
between the pomades of the respective frontiers, and often
indirectly by European merchants. The commerce on the
Amur and in the distant parts of Siberia has hitherto been
very trifling, and almost entirely confined to those who hunt
the fur animals for the Chinese market, and the convicts of
that country who are banished to the banks of the river to
expiate their crimes.
The Chinese government has, since the conclusion of our
peace, very much relaxed its restrictive regulations respecting
the Russian commerce. The prohibitory system, which had
hitherto been maintained at the frontiers of Chinese
Turkistan, and along the great wall, against the
Chinese elucidators, led occasionally to revolts, in
auppiessing which the Emperor was obliged to dis-
burse liege sums. There is, moreover, a desire to place
the Russians under obligations, to secure the loyalty of the
Mongol tribes by epeaing the road to gain, and to remove
every possible occasion of collision. The statement as to an
increase of commerce may, therefore, be considered as
correct. This is further corroboreed by the very large
quantities of a thick kind of Russian blue cloth, found to
many of the northern cities, and selling at such a reduced
rate as scarcely to cover the prime cost. In former times
this article might be found in a single shop to the amount of
100 pieces ; in 1846, thousands appeared in all the large
trading cities of the north. As the Shansi merchants, the
principal and leading firms in the Russian commerce, have
very extensive connexions throughout Tartary, and in all
the provinces north of the Kiang, the consumption of these
woollens, on account of their reduced price, ban as much
increased as that of our cotton geode. When we, however,
reflect that this commodity cannot be produced as cheap in
Russia as in England, that it has to undergo a long and
tedious land carnage; and, when sold on the frontiers, to
travails deserts before reaching the consumer; it is probably
sold at atom But the Emperor of Russia wishes to encour-
age the native manufacture, and the loss is made up by the
return trade. The commerce carried on in Kiachta is a mere
barter trade. In 1830, the whole importation of woollens at
that place amounted to 164,552 yards ; in 1839, to 1,297,230 ;
in 1840 it rose to 1,328,912. These were two years of a more
or less suspended trade with England, but the quantity is
still very large. • Tea, the principal export, has increased in
a similes. manner. In 1838 there were bought 43,070 boxes
each of 100 lbs, and 71,940 pieces of brick tea; in 1839,
47,950 boxes and 60,430 pieces. On this commodity the
greatest profits are realised ; one account states that what
was bought in 1839, at Kiachta, for 7,000,000 of dollars,
realized 18,000,000 at the fair of Nischengorod. All the
nomadic tribes of Western Asia use the brick tea (which
often passes as a circulating medium) in profusion ; hence
the largo gain of the Russians, (who may he said to possess
the monopoly), and at the same time the readiness with
which they incur a loss upon their imports to pay for this
article.
Not long ago some merchants prop vied to trade by sea to
the five Chinese ports now open for foreign commerce, on
account of the cheapness of water carriage. This, however,
was not allowed. No regular accounts are kept of the im-
ports and exports of the caravans, and still less of the illicit
traffic of the Mongolian frontiers. The declared amount of
imports to Northern Asia, in 1840, was 3,615,130 in Russian
dollars, and of exports 8,892,952. About 11 12th, of this
are absorbed either directly or indirect'y in the Chinese
trade. The native statements en this subject are very vague,
and as the Chinese merchants find ways and means
smuggle a great deal, the Custom-house returns cannot
fully relied on.
Since 1843 the Russian government has endeavoured
place its commercial relations with China on a more liberal
footing, and in some measure carried this point. The mis
sinn at Pekin was to assume a political charaeer, instead of
being, as hitherto, a mere institution for acquiring the lan-
guage. For this purpose considerable efforts hare been
made, which any ultimately tend to realize the wishes cf
the Russian!. We have beard of the new envoy, and he is
probably now at Pekin. So much may he considered cer-
tain, that Russia will leave nothing untried to cetablish its
influence and political isecenderiey there. Our commercial
intercourse with China (not to mention the contiguity of the
Thibetien and Indian frontiers) is of greater extent than
that of Russia, and of a sufficient magnitude perhaps to re-
quire from China the same concession of a constant resident
at the court, that has been yielded to Russia. The revision
of the treaty in 18.54 might afford a legitimate occasion fur
the proposition.
The opening of a free navigation on the Amur has long
been a topic of negotiation, and it is believed that the
Chinese government, without giving a positive assuot, has
tacitly allowed each an arrangement.

NEW TOWN-HALL AND MARKET-HOUSE AT BRMNT-
FORD.—In consequence of the necessity arising for the erec-
tion of a count) court in Drentfotd, for the hearing of cases
under the new Small Debts Act, a company is now farming
for the erection of a town-hall and market-house, upon the
site of the present ancient market, which will afford accom-
mediation for the holding of the county court, petty avail,' a,
public meetings, and for a nessiort for the rule of corn, cattle,
i pigs, sleep, poultry, fruit, and as) 'Muer siescriptimi farm
and garden produce, according to the existing charter.