The Express.
London, England, 1853-03-14 00:00:00

OVERLAND CALCUTTA MAIL.

(BY SUBMARINE TELEGRAPH.)

MARSEILLES, Mallen 13.‘

The India mail has arrived. The dites are—Cal-
mitts, Feb. 3; Bombay, Feb. 12; Rangoon, Jan. 13;
and China, Jan 13. . . . .

In reference to the revolution at Ava, the King
had been deposed by his brother. Au ambassador
had set out for the capital.
Commerce in India was active. Exchange
2s. 11d.

THE UNITED STATES.
ARRIVAL OF AMERICA.

(TIT BLICTRIO TILLORACRI
(PROM UCA OWN CORRESPONDANT.)
LI V E RPOOL, MONDAY.
The British and North American Royal Mail steam-
ship America, Leitch, commander, passed the north-
west light-ship at ten o'cloLic this morning, and was
expected to reach Liverpool about one p.m. She
brings 47 passengers from Boston and Halifax, and
later advice. from California and the West Indies;
but neither of these items is of much importance.
Her mails will leave Liverpool this evening for all
parts of the United Linden and the Continent.

RETURN OF TILE AUSTRALIAN.

(IT ELECTRIC TELEGRAPH.)

(PROW OWE OWN CORNISPONDINT.)

PLYMOUTH, koNnLy.

The Australian came back this morning, at 8 A.M.,
having proceeded as for as the Bay of Biscay, where, owing
to toe strain of her engines, the ship had becomo leaky all
ever, and all the hands, passengers included, were obliged
to work at the pumps incessantly. Fortunately there was
but little wind, or the vessel must hate been lost.
Ihe passengers have passed a series of resolutions, strongly
condemnatory of the ship and of the proceedings of the
company, but approving of the conduct of Captain lloseason,
the officers, and crew.

DEPUTATION ON THE SUBJECT OF THE
ADVERTISEMENT DUTY.

The Chancellor of the Exchequer received on
Saturday a deputation of gentlemen connected with the
newspaper press, on the subject of the advertisement duty.
They were introduced by Mr. Ewear, M.P., who sub-;
mitred the following objections to the tax
" Ist. Because it is a tax on knowledge, and falls with
partiality on an important portion of the press—the news-
paper, magazine, and periodical. All other means of ad-
vertising escape the duty.
" 2od. It is en unjust tax. It cannot be equitably ite-
mised or collected. The rich man pays only ls. 61. to ad-
vertise the sale of an estate ; the poor man pays is 6d. to
advertise for employment.
3rd. It falls heavily on particular classes of property,
impeding to en important extent advertisements in jour-
nab. In America, any man who wishes to lend or to hire,
to buy or to sell, announces his wish, without being subject
to any duty, for Is.
" 4th. It acts most injuriously on literary works striving
at cheapness. The cost of advorising sometimes amounts
to more than the whole profit of author and publisher on
works which are successful.
" sth. It is a tax which goes far to fetter the free exten-
sion of the press, and prevents the circulation of a sound
end wholesome literature among working men. In Ame-
rica there are 350 daily papers—in England there are
only 10.
" 6th. It creates a monopoly. It is only the compara-
tively prosperous tradesman who can afford to advertise
the intelligent mechanic is excluded from nespaper pub-
licity.
" 7th. It is one among many of the fiscal errors com-
mitted when the true principles of taxation were compara-
tively unknown. It involves the lame principle, by which
the lowest priced bohea is taxed at the same rate as the
highest priced pekoe or souchong—on which the miserable
shirt-maker is made to pay a duty of about 300 per cent. on
the original value of the article which she consumes, while
the rich pay about 80 per cent. only.
"18th. It is a tax that should be repealed, because the
public would derive the full benefit of the repwd. In many
cases a larger reduction than Ithe duty would be made by
newspaper proprietors.
" 9th. It is a tax which is easily and largely evaded. The
blank-wall, the advertising van (dangerously blacking up
the public thoroughfares), the omnibus, the railway car-
riage, Ike railway station, the :street pavement, and many
other modes of advertising, reduce the amount paid to
government to a comparatively, small amount, and leave ite
pressure exactly where it is most severely felt, and where
many grounds of public policy condemn it.
" 10th. In a word—it is A great impediment to trade,
literature, and labour, seeking a market through publicity,—
and to the newspaper press for that reason : while the small
amount of revenue which it yields—about 160,0001. per
annum—renders it altogether unworthy of retention, at
the cost of a tithe of the hardship and injustice which it

inflicts."
A conversation then ensued with reference to the objec-
tionable features of the tax, and its effect upon short adver-
tisements was especially pressed upon the attention of the
Chancellor. It was shewn that four-fifths of the advertise-
ments iu the Time consisted of such as did not exceed ten
lines in length. The object of the deputation was the
total repeal of the tax, but in answer to an inquiry from the
Chancellor of the Exchequer, it was admitted by all thegentle-
men present (except:Mr. Young, representing the Sus news-
paper) that its reduction to 6d. would afford materiel relief
to the advertising public, and it was urged that, whilst in a
short time no lose of revenue would ensue from the total
repeal, owing to the compensating effect of increased stamps
and paper duty—the reduction of the dut7 to 6d. would
most probably be attended with an immediate increase of
revenue.

TILE SPEAKER'S FOURTH PARLIAMENTARY DIN-
NER took place on Saturday last, when the following gen-
tlemen attended : Viscount Da umlanrig, Viscount Jocelyn,
Lord Robert Grosvenor, Hon. General Anson, Right Hon.
Henry Goulburn, Right Hon. Henry Labouchere, Right
Hon. Sir George Grey, Right Hon. Sir Y. Baring, Right
Hon. Vernon Smith, Sir Thomas Dyke Acland, Sir John
Yards Buller, Sir Robert Hy. Inglis, Sir Robert Ferguson,
Sir John Duckworth, Sir James Weir Hogg, Mr.Wigram,
Mr. Thomas Baring, Mr. Sotheron, Mr. Deedes, Mr.
Bremston, Mr. Robert Palmer, Mr. Ker Seymer, Mr.
Chichester Fortescue, Mr. Evelyn Denison, Mr. Henry
Herbert, Mr. Hume, Mr. William Beckett, Mr. Wright-
son. Lord Charles Wellesley was prevented from attend-
ing, having received the Queen's commands ; as was also
the Right Hen. Edward Ellice, owing to the death of a re-
lation.
A ?Lttt DECAPITATED AT LEEDS.—On Friday
morning. • shocking and fatal accident occurred at the
Kirkstall Forge Iron Works, near Leeds. A workman
named Wm. Merritt, aged 28, was employed in a room
where a revolving shaft, moved by steam power, is fired,
and at the top of this shaft is a circular piece of thin metal
used for some purpose. Ths shaft is fixed in • corner of
the room, and behind it is kept a stock of iron Teens used in
makiug engine boilers. It is supposed that whilst Merritt
was taking something out of this corner his clothes caught
the revolving shaft, and whirled him round it, and if so it
would be with most fearful velocity. However this may
be, he was soon after the accident found in the room with-
out head and minus one arm ; the load being in cite part
and the trunk of thu body in another part of the room.
The poor fellow was most probably drawn up the
shaft, and his neck coming in contact wilt the piece of cir-
cular metal before meutiumd, it would he s ,veri d from his
bud) instantaneously. A coroner's jury has been sum-
moned tninquire into the circumstances, but the inquest
, steals a4jonnacd until Wednesday nest. ,