The Express.
London, England, 1851-04-05 00:00:00

CEYLON.

I . (rem the Unity Deere.)
• • AMONG other remarkable Tuditiespossessed by the
These monthly returns afford in the early part of
sDul ke of Wittuisonoto is that of talon., public
the year year comparatively inadequate data for general conclu-
sions. . tions and imsnitations coolly. But truire are limits
They embrace the movements of toolrief a period even to the en =wee of all ELLINGTois. On 'rues-
-as vet only two months. They serve, however, to indi- day evening Earl GREY contrived to penetrate the
rate whether trade it brisk, or the reverse. rhinoceros hide of his grace's imperturbability. The
The navigation returns will not exactly suit the purpose noble Secretary for the Colonies attempted to esta-
,uf Mr. G. F. Young. They show that whereas in the first
two months of 1819 there were entered inwards 2,157 parallel—after ,
blish a the fashion of PLeraitett—be-
-1 British ships of the long voyage, with an :tggregate tonnage tween Lord 'ionntsGrox administering martial law
of 462,196 tons; and 2,019 ships in the corresponding in Ceylon, and the Duke of WELLINGTON ntlminis-
months of 18.10, with a tonnage of 393,703 tons. The tering martial law in the Peninsula. This was
number in the two first months of 18.11 has been the last drop that made the cup overflow. The
2,289, and their tonnage 419,351 The British ships , duke did not even wince under the vitupera-
of the long voyage returned as having cleared out- I •
tum poured upon him for years on the score
, wards in the first two months of three vises are : 1.935 in
11819, with 61 tonnage of 412,!20 tons ; 1,931 in 1839, with ll of his nen-interference when it was believed he
tonnage of 403,326 tons ; and 2,087 in 1851, with a ton- could have saved the life of NEv, but to be
nape of 177,454 tons. The average tonnage of ships of the compared with Lord Tot:um:TON was too much even
him. unwonted c--
!long voyage of all nations entered inwards in the first two for With ted l a is of gesture and
months of 160 W 3•4 671,802 ; in the corresponding months mi-.)1'I
a loudness of voice that extorted a laugh even front
of the present year, 693,513. The tonnage of those which
cleared outwards during the same periods in 1819 was the bench of bishops. the duke " protested most (us-
-649,487 tone ;in Mil it hat been 728,3.36. These figures tinctly against being called into comparison in any
speak favourably for the general activity of our iwean- way whatever with the noble lord (TottiONGTON)
borne track, and also show that British shipping has its • ,
opposlt e.
full share of the employment.
The returns of the exports of British and Irish produce this was the only thing approaching to a decided
and manufactures confirm this favourable view of matters. expression of opinion on the subject of Lord TOR-
In the first two months of 1819, exports of cotton manufne- IIiNGTON's administration in Ceylon, elicited by the
lures amounted to 1r:9,191,827 yards; in the first two somewhat curious device for setting himself right
months of 1810, to 291,138.771 yank; in the first two with the publicadopted I • the 1' • lord ti t
, by no . con ta
months of DOI, to 223,270,421 yards. The linen returns
me equally favourable: 13,462,498 `::rd, wen' exported in very appropriate iLy the let of April. It is not the
the first two months of 1819; 19,00i,597 y Ard+ in the first less impressive that it is nn involuntary expression
two months of 1810; 20,309,937 yards in the first two of a conviction which the speaker wished to reserve
months of 18.11. Of silk stuffs, 29,38916. were exported in at the moment, but which was forced front hint
the first two months of 1810; 54,6981b5. in the first two against his will, by what he conceived to be an in-
months of 1850 ; and 55,119 in the first two months of Mil. -
Of woollen manufactures cut-red hr. the piece, the exports tolerable insinuation.
were, in 1849 (two first months), 1:32,810 pieces; in WO Lord Tot:next:vox certain!! has not bettered his
they were 362,219 pieces; in 1831 they were 301.1189. position by the manner and tretinistances in which
In 1819 there were exported of woollen manufartures,
entered by the yard, during the first two months of ~t.chassee n fit to gi.v.e, publicitv to his own version of
('cylon slot,. tt • Into liken care to tell his
the year, 7,021 yards ; in 1839 there were exported ' •
7,783,331 yards;
nd in 1811 there were exported 8,319,723 attars itt a time and place when and where it was im-
yards. The ease of our textile manufactures is not singular: possible he could meet with contradiction, or, indeed,
Of earthernware in the first two months of 1849 there were u dispassionate and deliberate judgment either for or
exported 8,993,316 pieces; in the first two months of ISSO against hint. This does not look like conscious in-
there were exported 10,961,886 pieces • and in the first two
.......

mootlis of 1831 there siereexps;rted pieces. The
exports of green glass bottles was 27,1418 botthsi in the first
two month. of 1849: 39,811 in the first two mouths of
1830; and 49,711 in the first two months of 1831.
The returns of imports present little that is remarkable.
The quantity of tea entered for home consumption in the
first two months of 1819 was 7,809,76911)5; in 1850
it was 7,908,2841b5; and in :631 it was 8,395,1211b5.
On the contrary, the quantity of coffee (British plantations
and threigu) entered tar home consumption in the first two
months of 1819, woe 6,328.9901h5.; in 1830, it fell to
5,108,61811 m; in 1831, to 1,601,80 M lbs. This ileerease in
the quantity of coffee entered fur home consumption might
have been attriltuted to adulteration, or the stoppige of the
trade while the future rat: of duty remained uncertain ;
but there is a similar falling elf in the quantity of cocoa
entered for home consumption. In 1819 (two lint month.)
it war 611,142 lbs.; in 1830, it was 322.5301115. ; and in
MI, it was 157,117 lb.. Possibly the national taste after
trifling awhile with the novelties or collie and ('neat.
is reverting to its old favourite tea. It ought
to he remarked, however, that the ipantity of sugar
entered for home consumption on the first two months of
1831, though slightly in excess of the entries for Ow curre-
spon•ling months of 1810, is still much below 1849. The
entries in 1819 were 1,016,7(45 ewts. ; in 1850, they were
914,8-18 ewts. ; in 1831, they were 9.11,483 ewts. This
would stein to indicate a diminished euwuniption of the
aggregate of tea, coffee, and e•nsra. NO threign article of
I provisions continues to flow in in quantities .41 shadily
iu-
cr•asing as eggs. In the first two months of 1819 there
were imported 12,327,152 eggs; in the correst.iiiling months
of 1830 then• were imported 12,719,370 ego ; and in the
corresponding mouths of 1841 there were imported
11,700,141 eggs.

hat was required for Lord Tonntscrox's excul-
pation was, hot that he should himself tell a plausible
tale. but that he should obtain from the tribunal to
which he chose to appeal a verdict of acquittal. To
tWs end he ought to have reserved his appeal till
that tribunal was in a condition to pronounce judg-
ment. The House of Lords was not, and is not, in a
condition to do this. No inquiry has been instituted
by the house into the Ceylon proceedings. The proper
course to have been taken by Lord TionttNoToN was
to call attention to the gravity of the charges brought
against hint, simply and emphatically to protest his
itmocence, and calf upon the Lords to possess them-
selves of such inhamun hat as would enabk• him to
enter on his defence. lie might have done this at
once when he gave notice a fortnight before of the
motion he made on Tuesday. The length of the pre-
vious intimation showed that it was has intention t
preface his motion by a statement that could not be
contnidieted at the time, and that must thus be
allowed to go fOrth to the public in a way calculated
to bias its prepossessions in his favour.
The fact is that the House of Lords, the House of
Commons, anti the public are none of them at this
moment in a condition to form a correct judgment
of the Ceylon affair. Hitherto the accusers of Lord
Tom:minis have been struggling to compel the
production of the evidence. Lust session the evi-
dence was withheld. This session its publication
has been conceded, but, as yet, only partially carried
into elli•et. The voluminous oral evidence taken last
session has only been issued a week or two, the
documentary evidence and index only a few days :
the report of the commission which sat in Ceylon has
been published, but the evidence upini which it rests
is still withheld under a very suspicious pretext;
and no farther gone than Tuesday night, Mr. ll.‘wk:s
statist that additional papers relating to Ceylon are
being prepared for publication, but that there are
so many of them that he " could not undertake to
say when they would be ready." In these circum-
stances it is rather too ninth for Lord TotatiNnTos
to expect that parlikment and the public will allow
a premature judgment in his ease to be extorted
from them.
It may lx' alleged that Lord TORRINGTON is
smarting under unjust imputations and cannot brook
delay. We must coati's that we have seen no
symptoms of great impatience on his
,part. He al-
lowed nearly two months of the session to elapse
befiwe he opened his mouth. Ile gave a fortnight's
notice of au intention simply to move for the pro•
&lethal of evidence which he might have moved for
at once ; and, contented with telling his own story
in his own way, he gave the House of Lords to un-
derstand on Tuesthiy that he was in no hurry to
learn what they thought of his conduct.
This is not all. The delay that has occurred in
the publication of the Ceylon evidence has been
owing, not to Lord Tonnixf:ToN's accusers, but to
his friends. The publication of the evidence
La.. but .o.eion by the committee of the House
of Commons was urged by his accusers, and,
for the time, successfully resisted by his friends.
The admixture of irrelevant matter which
was then urged by his friends, us a plea fin• the sup-
pression of the evidence, was their own work. Sir
limEestix TENNENT was the first to set the example
of throwing imputations upon the witnesses on the
other side. and producing private letters in corrobo-
ration of those imputations. Mr. WoomfoesE and
Mr. SLtan* were compelled to make the revelations
they did in self-defence. It was not the accusers of,
Lord Tom:Nunn: who caused a whole vear to be
wasted in a wild-goose chase in search of where
the truth lay between the conflicting statements of
those respectable characters TICKERT Butt and
Capt. WA'NoN. It was the supporters of Lord Mu-
mma()); who first complicated the Ceylon Came with
the discreditable squabbles among the officials of the
colony, and then made the alleged impossibility of
witmowiag front the wheat the chaff themselves
had overwhelmed it with, a pretext for trying
to huddle the whole out of public view. If* there has
been mystitieation and undue delay in the Ceylon
inquiry -and there ha+ been too much of both—they
have been caused exclusively by those who were, or
professed to be, acting for the interest of Lord Tan-
RINGTON.

MURDER OF A BRITISH OFFICER NEAR

ADEN.

A letter, dated Alexandria, March 20, says:
A party, consisting of the following six gentlemen. firs
of them heffig affirm of the army and navy, lett Ads a on
the mat day of Feb. on a visit to kaffiedj, the nnidt nee of the
so-ralleil Sultan :—l.ieut. ('ruttenden, Indian Navy, Asti -t.
l'olitieal Agent; Capt. Milne, Bombay Army, Deputy Com-
missary-General ; Lieut. M'Pherson, her Majesty's 78th
llighlandon: thuds. Ogilvie and !loudly, Madras Artillery,
land Mr. Saute)., brother-in-law to Capt. I laffies, the political
On their arrival at Lahedj (distant about 30 utiles
front Aden) they had an interview with that Sultm, but by
no means so gravious a one as they evffieted. This, how-
ever, passed. and the following day they all, with the excep-
tion of Mr. Cnittendcu, who returned to Aden, departed to
the village of Wiutt, ;or the purpose of anteklx. shooting.
Here the Sheikh of the village (which is comoosed entirely
of &lulls, Shensfs, ..r the descendants of tit...kr:Mimi Pro-
phet) Caine out to receive them, assigned them a house but
a few pares distant from the village, and supplied all their
wants. String all around in a state of apparent tranquillity,
they acceded to the urgent request Or the guard which had
been furnished by the sultan, and which had hitherto at-
tended them, to be permitted to return to Laht, an it was
difficult to proeure sufficient fiwage fur their horses and
camels at Wail. So little did they dream of treachery, that
oat retiring to red, at alaput 10 they-did net corn adopt
the nenssary pre-caution of seeing that their arms were
loaded and ready tier immediate one. The hous,..• allotted to'
them 'wing rather confined and warm, they arranged their
beds in a small courtyard attached to it, and which was
surrounded by a mud wall, about four feet in height.
They h.ed hardly fallen asleep when Lieut. NUM.:pion wan
awakened by a cry from Captain Milne, and saw an Arab
gliding rug his bed to make an annek on Mr. Sauley ;
without pausing to think whether he was armed or not,
M'Pherson ruslusl at him, with his left arm elevated
to ward oft the threatening blow, he attempted with the
other to knock him to the ground. The dagger war buried
in ho arm, but, em he could reach the villain, his foot
stumbled 11%,`1. a Iffix, and he fell to the ground, and the
dagger of tkeinsassin was six times buried in hit back. Mr.
Sanity also got a Mesh wound, though not a dangerous
one, in bin arm. All this was the work of lest than
a minute, and it was not till the servants enterffil and
raised a cry of lamentation over their wounded masters
that Messrs. Ogilvie and Itcoehy awoke. By this time
the murderer hail escaped. On coming to examine
what mischief hail into done. it was found that Captain
Mane hal received a deep wound in the abdomen, and Mr.
MTherton was in an exceedingly precalious state from hit
many wounds. Two m.nsengers were dispatched, one to
Men, and the other to the Sultan at Lahedt—the latter to
request a guard, and to make him aware of the foul
treachery committed on guests in his country, the former
to report the eircune•titnee, and solicit medical aid. Before
nine o'clock a.m. on the following day Lieut. Cruttenden
and Dr. ('make were on the spot, but too hate, alas ! to save
Milne's life. After suffering the most extreme agony all
night, mortification ensued, and, about two hours alter the
arrival of the surgeon, he breathed his lust. M'Phertou is
doing well, but it will lw many months ere he will he able
to how hit bed. It is said tffid the assassin has fled to
distant part of the country, but I much supeet that, if he
were so minded, the Sultan would find little difficulty in
Laying his hand upon him, though it is the general opinion
that the chicanery of the Arab; and the supineness of the
authorities will outer more suffer the offender to escape the
just reward of his crime.

There are, in fact, three independent questions
regarding the go :eminent of that colony now await-
ing judgment ; and to ensure a correct and just deci-
sion, each must be considered apart and on its own
merits.

REPRESENTATION OP COVE'tTRT.—The vacancy
caused in the representation of this city, by the elevation of
Mr. Turner to un important judicial office, has already
brought into the field a gentleman of well-known character
and position as a candidate for the suffrages of our citizens.
I Mr. Strutt is justly celebrated as 4 benefactor of the district
its whieli his Canny amassed their wealth. Mr. Strutt is a
decided tree trader, and in anticipation of the not impossible
event of another attempt to re-impose a bread-t is, it is im-
portant to secure a representative, who, whatever may lie
his other views, will be on the right side in such a contest.
AIM. although Mr. Strutt may have been called a whig,
and have hitherto acted with that section of the liberal
party, we have every reason to suppose he is prepared to
go forward with any party who can really advance, and nut
merely talk about it. IVe understand that he is an advo-
cate fur the ballot, and at least, household suffrage, and
decidedly for a system of national education. Hitherto we
have not hermit of another candidate offering, and we
scarcely anticipate any, as anything in the shape of a con-
test, with parliament near its dissolution, would appear to
be absurd.—rocentry Herald.
ST. SAVIOTICS CHURCH, LEETK—SF.CESSION OF
int CEranT 70 ROME.-.-011 Thursday last the Rey. T.
Minster, vicar of St. Saviour's Church; Rev. Mr. Combs,
the Rev. Mr. Itooke' curates of his, and the Rev. Mr.
liewthwaite, of Clifford, were formally received in the
Romish church, at St. Ann's Church, Leeds. Some seven
or eight lay members, including the matron, assistant-
matron, and servant ut St. Saviour's Orphan establishment
in COULICIiOII with the shore church, were received on the
same erenitar, and severally read their recantation of protes-
tantism, and their profession of faith in the Romish church.
I Father Newman, superior of the Oratarians at Birmingham,
was
preacher on the occasion. The Rev. 1)r. Posey is in
Leech., engaged in making arrangements for supplying the
places of the clergy who have seceded to Rome. The Rey.
Mr. liontingford, a fellow of New College, Oxford, has
been offered the vicarage of St. Saviour's, but has declined
to accept it. The only clergyman now left at St. Saviour's
is the Rev. Richard Beckett, and on his colleagues vacating
their offices nt St. Saviour's, he proposed to remove the
orphans and furniture from the orphan house to the
vicarage of St. Saviour's. This was resisted by
the 'try. Mr. Itooke, and a scene took place. The
latter gentleman interfered to prevent a porter taking sway
the bedding, and the war of words which followed ended
in the Rev. Mr. Beckett taking Mr. Rotate, who is a gen-
tleman of small stature, in his arms and carrying him out
into the street. Presently, however, Mr. Hooke obtained
additional help, and Mr. Beckett, finding his opponents in-
creasing, left Mr. Rooke in possession of the house, and the
furniture remained. These events have caused quite a
stir in the town during the last two or three days.

The first relates to the general character of Lord
Tonitimiro:c's government. It is alleged, on one
hand, that he introduced great improvements into
the administration of the colony; on the other, that
his measure were unwise and °prejudicial. In so liar
as the public is concerned, this question has become
a mere matter of history, has ceased to have any
practical iniportance. Sew men have succeeded Lora
Toitutmcros;, who are adopting a new policy. The
colony has hisn rescued from his hands if he were an
incapable governor : it is with the 'silky in actual
operation that the public have now to do. Fur Lord
TORRINGTON this question may still have a vital im-
portance; he has an obvious interest in being able to
show that he is a capable administrator, and as a
public man he is entitled to have an opportunity of
doing so. And yet if, as has more than once teen
alleged, Lord ToititiNi.ros; was scarcely responsible
for the policy he adopted—that he merely curried
into effect measures prepared by his predecessors—
it is not easy to see that he has much concern in it.
The second question relates to the insurrection in
Ceylon, and the measures adopted for suppression.
It is of the utmost consequence to the colony and to
the reputation of its late governor, that this question
should he completely cleared up. If by rash and
injudicious measures he provoked the disturb-
ances, and if by unwarrantably harsh and oppressive
measures he punished those he had provoked to of-
fend, reparation ought to be made to the suffirers,l
and a mark set upon their oppressor that will pre
elude the possibility of his ever acting again in the
same manner there or elsewhere. If, on the con-
trary, Lord TORRINGTON has been unjustly accused
he is entitled to have his character vindicated.
Lastly. there is the question of the imputations and
counter-imputations bandied about among Lord
TORRINGTON and his late subordinate officials. They
relate, indeed, to matters in which the public in or-1.
dinary circumstances would have little interest.
But they have been made of public importance.
Wherever the truth may lie, some of the par-
ties to these imputations must be unfit

for trust and employment. Yet with 1!,,,
, exception of Lord Touitisarox they ar,r all trtaim.,l
•in the public service, and even he is only t,mp.r.t-
rily shelved amid a shower of complimems
intended to prepare for his return to otli•, at
future period. The public is entitled to lo,ow
delinquency is thus connived at and se natal hush.,l
up. It is also entitled to know how irrelevant
in-
quirieseamc to he entered upon, and afterwa
made a pretext for concealing the truth. .1. 11:
tent at present stand, there are wave re.,,111.• 1,0
that the obscurity in which the atchniai•timi..,
our colonial °Hides is systematically shromi,l qt.
mats much rottenness, and that by rather
management the !louse of 0/1111111(1110:. (.11111111iII'
. - . .

to

_ .
been used to defeat investigation. The mattagem,
our colonial empire and the emit:wt of the i
rial legislature are in c,,asectuvlic •
to suspicions which, until they are s•ttishe-:
cleared up, must effectually neutralise the int,
of both for good.
Into the discussion arising out of Mr.

announcement and withdra'wal of his motion
tive to Ceylon we do not think it win tit whi

enter. Fnmt what we have Kind of the still 0e;,,,
feet publication of the evidence. it must hi II it
that we think the motion was premature. nod
really feel no call to vindicate or palliate the or—
ceethngs of Mr. Ilona& On the other hone! e
does strike us that the bluotler to. that gentle leo,
has been turned to accamat more mbuitly than
ertolitably by Lord TouttiNGroN, ministers, and his
reiends in general.
As to the attack made. on Tuesday. upon the press
by Earl Gum., we maid it merely as one of his
unfortunate ebullitions of temper, which are a mutter
of unhappy notoriety.

IMPROVEMENT OF LAND IN ENGLAND.

(noon the .40.

There are probably kw that:lets in Englund which
arc more capable of improv• mem than that known es the
Weald or Kent, Sussex, and Surrey; few which would
make bettet returns for the money • slum,. on them ; and
lbw when the march of improvement a ill be more returde•l,
not only by want of capital, I.ut by local habits and pre-
judices.
In a geological sense the weahl demulai ion cons;ds of tie.
triangular urea lyin.t It, twee,' the el. • lk esearomente or tl:.•
North and South Downs. It is one el* roa lar‘re district.
of Etyland and Wales in which . the, but slight In.,
. . .

or the superficial deposit, and ill Whirl, Si.s eltaraeters of ttc•
soil depend chiefly un those of the rot k fort. itions. Within
this triangular area is atoning triatc;filar •-pace culled ti,
Forest-rich;.', consi,ting utrmr of tin loner .Li don's of tae
Wealtion group, namely, t la• 11 astito, or I roft .• and. Fro .ii
this central ridge the OA the dig,- ao ay ia oppo‘ite di
rection. under the cretaceous rck. 4 !tie North o
downs, forming a belt or clay soil on mich side of the
Ilan t-
ridge. it is to this clay district that our remarks appc.
The peculiar character. of the w,thl • ity ;r i•.• t,afat tic

.- • .
'innate division of the parik I, !soh iiltllltilllllt, :anti slli•
MOUS, of which it is emnpos,sl. This calls, it to run. alt' It
wet, IoW a compact paste, which drien into a 11M., :Is 11.1r11
WI brick, and nearly as impenetrable le,- flu. loots of o'er it.
—a tendency which taunt he still further 113 th••
constant use of Inn+, as the sole manure. 5,.+11 a soil, tinder
arable culture, must be expensive to maim a!, and tar Ir•sn
productive, and in its present slate it pro loses undergrass,
but scanty Lind pisir natural applicati•in is to
woodland. Its oak is celebrated for its qua:ity. :mil was
&innerly eeleltrated for its size, but the Iii•• h prises or tit,
war have stripped the weal,' of ise trip all iin large
timber. The farms and inclosures are it general small.
Ws know many oeeupatiub in which the fields
nut average more than live arms, interspersed ait It
womb: and coppices, aad surnionated with litha,l
coppice, like htllgt.3l ur chows, so as too i• to
when viewed from an eminence, the op:nano:cc of a for st,
which it actually w.ts sine,. the eowpc sl. In it, legal 114:
the weald is the district in which w iii.l is fr, e from tithe.
The old and prevalent systena ti crapping fallow;
'2, wheat ; 3, oats, beans, sir clover: 1111.1 01(11 fallow ag:dn.
Little stork in kept, little manure of emir,' made, and that
of inferior quality, and too general) applied to the hop., of
which the better sells of the w.• prod.:cc- a grVilt
thou hof course quality. The torn-wrest ;•:.,ngli, ait
four and even six liornes, prevails through that part of the
weal,' which lien in Kent, but it has not I .taltii.lied i•-.if
in the adjacent counties. This fact we stlititi, to the cons:-
deratimi of those who I' Veto! that in ,e•rletiltiin• '• n hat-
ever is, in right," and that es in discovered in
every district the implement and the syst in of Nati% matt
br.t suited to it. 'fhe elimate oil the W,- hi Of Kent cannot
differ from that of Stows and sorrel-, au I uniformity of soil
is one of the characteristic', of the distr.et. Why then the
differvitee ? Why, but but liecanss it i. a Kentish imple-
ment, has the turn-wrest illonnde, oottly tol•ql;ent to olry -ells,
established itself it., the act aids of that c atnty, and of that
county oily? With this ponderous implement it is :tot
uncommon to see at leant four low., barring it fallow, at
the rate of about three-fourth+ of :in acre II day; and by the
custom of the cuuntiy, five ploughings are the preparatiou
of a wheat fallow, The pronlitee a hielt in to repay such
costly eultis at' in wretched in the extreme, not on the
avcraae more than 211 httAst,l% ~1* %nova% bushels of wit,
111111 IN bushels of beans. I. odor a system it in nosslli.,
to add that a ith rent at 12,, :out titlit• and parochi,d rite"
amounting to about cis. more, the 1C1141111,1 cannot pay
their way. 'They demand a reshietion tu sn, The large
landowner, are complying with the di•iii lad and if price+
shall continue at their present level. 'lett will he the must
that can he obtained without MI entire ellatlLM of system.
Enough, however, has lwen dome in the way of improve-
ment to show that the %culd in cap.trile of bitter
thildis. The quality of its wheat in exriakiit. All that is
voluted is to iiterease the prmloce, and to diminish the WIC.
IC. toot of cultivation. Tater • nr.• in a hick the
average produce hat been raised by good laming to 31
quarters of wheat, 114 •pturters of oats, sod 41 quarters of
beans.

The first steps in improvement consist in draining and
the grubbing of hedgerows, so as to raise the average size of
the fields to 111 or 15 acres The next is to alter the texture
of the soil by the addition of safest:imps which will prevent
the particles from running together. Flwoe are chalk,
burned clay, and organic manures. Chalk for burning into
Buie, which is nearly the sole dressing shine the land re-
ceives, is carted, in many eases, nine miles, and burned on
the farm. Double the quantity lased in this way with each
fallow would last, if apptisrl ill the raw state, two uty years.
The wcalden is croseall by the Brighton railway, and the
northern clay district is traversed through its whole length
by the Duser railway, each of those 'la...Ming chalk at their
extremities : stud chalk and other laalu•-::d matures may be
' carried by railway thirty miles at the .sane eupress• as that
of carting them five miles.
In those parts of the weald not neve...o4e 4s chalk, the
abundance of wood, new of little value. offers great facili-
ties for burning slay. Some of the strata of the wenbl slay
arc slightly calcareous, and were fonn•rly applied in their
raw state under the name of marl till the large pruportioa
of clay was found injurious added to clay, and reeourse was
had to chalk lime. By 'selecting these 101.414 four bara-
ing, where practicable, a•ulcure,us matter will be lidded to
the soil, and the ulje•tionablc propersiss, when used in :1
raw state, will not only hays• disappears!, but they will
hare assumed a new chanuter as imparters of porosity to
the soil.

The next step in the process of improvement is a gradual
sulxstitution of green crops pier the hare follows, and to get
much of the land laid down in gond condition to grass, to
be fest with sheep. Tamsmid rape might lie grown for oint-
mer sheep-feed ; and, in time, after draining and sub.iling,
Swedes rind Wurzel, to he drawn in tho• autumn while the
land is dry, and to be stand entommioti ~DD in the yards,.
might he brought into play, and would ensure a supply of
that of which the sod stands or touch in need--animal and
vegetable manure. There is no, reasoon on earth to prevent
the toils of the weahl being ploughed, if taken in proop,r
season, with two horses. On the whole there are prob,h!v
few districts where a good flamer, not afraid of stiff lint,
who could command capital enough to purehaue hi. fart.,
and to cultivate it proparly, could lay tint his money to
betteradvantage than in the weak!, availing himself of; the
facilities of the government or Proata Loan Drainage Act
fur the permanent improvement of draining.

TIM SISTERS of MERCY AND TIIE CENst'S.—
One of the enumerator+ employed iu Plymouth to r
the returns for the census, told us on Nlonday of the dial-
s:allies that he had experienced in calliwt upon the Sider.
of Mercy Ile at first saw one of ladies, robed 1111 in black,
and asked her for the return. Ile was told that Miss Selloa
was away—that she supposed the Ludy Superior had taken
the papers with her, and that she could not undertake so
great a responsibili•y without the Lady Superior's sanction
as to make the return. The enumerat• au intelligent
man, who was well up to hi+ work, contioned the young
lady as to the course that she was. taking, and said he would
call again during the day, and bring in the necessary
papers for the required returns, when he hoped she would
think better of it, make the return, and %ace the tine. In
the afternoon the official did call, nal, presenting himself to
the same mysterious sister, handed her two forms for her to
fill up with the required information. The young nun
again refused—would " think uo better of it," and deter-
mined rather to brave the terrors of the law than diselose
the secrets of her prison-house. There is a great mystery
as to who's who, in the Ehulail Nunnery, unit no cloak this
census affair has sadly disturbed the perturbed spirit, of
the inhabitanta.—Plgesouth Journal.
THE DRA3IA WRITTEN BY SIR EDWARD BUI.WEIt
LTTrosr as his contribution towards the fund raising for
the new Literary Institute, is now in the hands of the lite-
rary and artistic amateurs. CoventsGarden Theatre lots
been gratuitously placed at their service+ for the rehearsals
—which are now in progress. The first performance will
take place probably in June, at the town residence of the
l)uke of Devonshire ; and will he followed during the sum-
mer and autumn by a series of performances in out or other
of the regular theatres. In the spring of 1852 the amateurs
will play the same drama in a few of the chief provincial
towns for the same object. Mr. Webster has 'sought the
right of performing it at his theatre at the expiration of two
years, for 500 guineas. It Ls probable that altogether a
ltitreL.
sum of money will be raised by these means.—