The Express.
London, England, 1851-11-24 00:00:00

PORTUGAL.

The Oriental Company's steam-packet Madrid,
Capt. John Weeks, arrived at Southampton this
morning, and landed her mails, under the charge of
Lieut. Veitch, R.N., Admiralty agent.
Her dates arc :—Gibralter, Nov. 14; Cadiz, LI ;
Lisbon, 19; Vigo, 20.
Iler cargo consists of 19 passengers and 14 pack-
ages of specie.
It had been reported at Gibraltar that the crew of .1
the English brig Violet had all been murdered by
the pirates that captured them, immediately after the
affair with the Janus ; but u subsequent report had ,
reached, and which seemed to be generally credited, '
that they had sold them to another party nearer
Tetuan for 50 dollars each, which party had
demanded 100 dollars each for them, which I
sum the authorities at Tetuan had been re- i
quested to pay, and immediately liberate them if
possible. Further accounts were daily expected
lwhen the Madrid left Gibraltar. Lieut. Powell and I
the men that were wounded are all doing well.
At Cadiz some fears were entertained for the safety I
of the Spanish steamer Ferdinando el Catholico,
having been upwards of 40 days from Has-annals.
Our correspondent says :
LISBON, Nov. 19.
I have used every care to endeavour to analyse the re- I
turns of the electors from the primary assembleys to the
electoral colleges, and the only conclusion I have arrived at
is, that th' Cabralistax could only obtain a return of elec- •
tors in the proportion of one to seven, notwithstanding
every undue effort, some of which I think I ought not to
omit the mention of; fur instance, in one place the illiterate
president of the electoral board gathered up the lists and I
bolted with them, so that there might be no election ; in
another the administrator summoned the electors before '
him, as if they were defaulters in the observance of the law,
placed lists in their hands, and had them marched in the
custody of the inferior authority to the urn; notwith-
standing which three progressistas were elected out of
thirteen electors • in a third bludgeon-men were stationed
at the door. with Cabralista lists, which they gave to each
elector to go to the urn with, taking forcibly their pro-
greasista lists from them; but, instead of the electors drop- •
ping in those Cabralista lists, the dropped into the urn
their other progressista lists, having taken the pre-
caution to furnish themselves with duplicate lints;
in another place, the electoral board being advised
that armed men were placed in ambuscade to murder seve- '
ral of the leading progressistas, the president broke up the
board and retired- so that there was no election. By tricks
and outrages such, as these, the constituted authorities fly-
ing in the face of the government, and giving every possible
support to the fallen faction, the Cabralists have managed
to secure a return of at least 60 electors; while, in other
places, where the authorities have had it all their own way,
they have taken upon themseives so to manage the list of
electors, and the mode of election, that they have returned
Cabrillists. If, therefore, a fair view be taken of the sense
of the country, as expressed in some places, and as the
electors desired to express it in others, but in which they
were impeded by the Cubralite authorities retained in their
employment by the Saldanha government, and even by some
of the authorities who acted in hostility to the progressistas
under the sanction of Rodrigo's notable circular,--it will be
found that the fair division of the numbers will be about
one Cabralitc to eighteen progressistas, and not more than
thirty government electors in the whole, which will bear
eat all my assertions that the goverment derives its support
from the progressistas, as well as that the extraordinary
and reprehensible conduct of the authorities is in a great
measure owing to the injudicious circular of Rodrigo, who
happily has injured no cause but his own ambitious views ;
notwithstanding which he does not appear to recede from
his desires to accomplish something. Seeing that there
must be a remodelling of the ministry, if not a reconstruc-
tion of it sltegether.
It is not now my intention to go into the returns of the
deputies for the whole country in this letter, first, because
we shall not know the real result before the sailing of the
packet, and next because it is to be expected the example
of Lisbon in the primary elections will have been followed
up by the country at large in the election of deputies ; I
shall therefore explain what immediate effect the present
position is calculated to produce. The ministry, deriv-
ing their whole strength and support from the progres-
-1 sista' (I will no longer use the term Septembristas,
because it appears to be an objectionable appellation), will
' remain in office under certain modifications, which will
not imply a change of policy, but form a guarantee for the
carrying out the principles proclaimed by Saldanha in the
onset, namely, " out with the Cabrals, down with corruption,
and reform in the charter." The first part of this has been ac-
complished in the main, but wants to be consummated by the
dismission of such Cubraiista authorities as have lately
proved themselves perfectly unworthy of the confidence the
government placed iu them ; the second part follows as a
caroller, upon the first, and dies as it were, a natural death.
The reform in the charter will not be that destruction of the
base and fabric of the constitution which the Cabrals have
represented it to be the intention to complete, sew
that trampling upon it and governing by tyrannical will
as they did, because they never derived any support
from the people, but only from the bayonet ;
it will be merely the adding Mime additional articles to it to !
explain several of the articles of doubtful meaning, to pre-
vent any further sophistical reasoning upon them, and
others which the circumstances of the times require; and '1
which, when carried into execution, will be the beat reply .
to that intrigue which still keeps up the hopes of the Cabrals
fur Spanish occupation, and which will also be a check to
, that inordinate desire of the Spanish government
' which now exists to send in an army, and which they
have only been prevented doing than the fears they
really entertain of its effect in Downing-street: upon this
you may rely. Tho progresska party, then, do not claim
' the portfolios of the state as their own, as do the Cabral% ,•
but they are content that the present ministry should
govern, by the principles of liberty, for the interest and hap-
pintas or the people! The ministry is likely, therefore, to
' be constituted in the followiug mauneE—Sahlanha, resident
and war (as now) ; Magslhaeas, Interior (he will

ITALY.

ItOME, Nov. 15.
A very disagreeable occurrence took place here, at
the Metastasio theatre, on the night before last, when
Madcmois4 Ile Rachel wound up her performance in
Rome with the tragedy of "Andromache." Mr. Pem-
berson, an English gentleman, had engaged a box on
the second row, which is in Italy the dress tier, and
for which he had paid fifty francs (the ordinary price).
When, however, he went to take possession of it, at
the commencement of the performance, he found that

it was occupied by some French officers, a colonel, I
believe the commandant de la place, with his aide-de-
camp, who seemed to consider themselves quite le-
gally installed, and declined giving up. the box to
the rightful owner. He therefore repaired to the di-
rector of the theatre, and requested hint to inter-
fere in the matter, and explain to the Frenchmen
that the box they occupied had been engaged and
paid for by another gentleman. The director imme-
diately accompanied .Mr. Pemberton back to the dis-
puted box, and showed the colonel the receipt, the
tariff, and the printed list, and also demonstrated to
him that his (the colonel's receipt) being only for the
sum of thirty francs, besides specifying distinctly the
third and not the second tier, clearly showed that he
had " got into the wrong box." He therefore po-
litely begg, d him to evacuate forthwith, and mount
up to his own box, the same number on the tier
above, leaving the lower one to the English gentle-
man, who was the undoubted owner of it. Notwith-
standing this distinct and official explanation, the
commandant and his friends resolved to maintain
their ground; they had got possession of the box,
and they determined to keep it, so after a volly of
very uncivil language they banged to the door,
and subsequently prevented any repetition of the
enemy's attacks from outside by placing a sentry at
it with strict orders to prevent any one from approach-
ing. As the theatres in Rome arc placed under the
immediate superintendence of the municipal authori-
ties, them is always a box reserved for the use of
these gentlemen, and it is called the palco delhi
deputazione, or deputies' box. To these the final
appeal is made in unforeseen cases of dispute, and
it is their duty to give such orders to the police as
may enforce obedience to their decisions. But it may
be easily imagined that in the present instance the
depancionc stood aghast at the berg idea of calling a
French colonel to order, and subjecting him to the
same rules of right and wrong which sway the pro-
ceedings of humbler mortals. The deputies shrugged,
grimaced, and protested their deep concern at the
untoward occurrence, but at the same time declared
themselves to be utterly powerless in rectifying it.
The colonel, in fact, held firm, and sat out the per-
formance in Mr. Pemberton's box.
Now here is an instance of the manner in which
the partisans of order and legality observe that order
and legality themselves. To pay for a box on the
third tier Mfr., and to occupy ono on the second tier
instead, which had been engaged at 50fr. by another
gentleman, was a piece of injustice which could only
have been excused on the score of a misunderstand-
ing; but to persist in such a step, in the face of
printer: receipts and the official remonstrances of the
director and deputies, was an overbearing abuse of
power. It is to be hoped that Mr. Pemberton will
call the attention of General Gemeau to the conduct
of his subordinate, and that the general will repre-
sent to the colonel that he is not very likely to ad-
vance the cause of legality by setting all legality at
defiance in his own person. For foreigners to be
subjected to the bullying of French officers on the one
hand, and the suspicion and persecution of the papal
police on the other, is really insupportable, and if
continued will deprive Rome of visitors altogether.
Mr. Pemberton was secretary to Mr. Goulbourn when
that gentleman was in office.
Mr. Galton, who has almost recovered, arrived
hem yesterday.
The bad weather continues. One of the gates of
Rome, the l'orta Pia, was struck by lightning yes-
day, during an awful thunder storm, and a mass of
brick and masonry was rent off and thrown to the
ground, much to the alarm of the French corps-de,
garde stationed there, who thought fit to march out
after the occurrence,• and stand under arms on the
piazza, in order to avoid impending ruin. Neither
the soldiers nor the customhouse officers were in-
jured by the electric fluid.
A good deal of sensation has been created in the
ecclesiastical circles here by the President's lan-
guage respecting Rome ; some hesitation was
shown with regard to the publication of the
document, and some differences are observe-
ble in the Italian press, that of Tuscany
and Genoa stating that the organisation of the papal
army would render the withdrawal of the French
troops possible, whilst the Roman official paper says
the foreign troops, by which of course the Austrian
are meant also. The Ossercatore Romano got out of
the scrape altogether at first, by leaving out the pars-
graph alluding to Rome, a somewhat strange pro-
ceeding in a Roman paper; but yesterday it gave the
message at length, according to the text of the official
journal. The priests and the liberals are laughing at
each other on the subject of the army. The priests
are recruiting all sorts of people, in order to realise
the conditions demanded by France, and allow of the
departure of her forces; but the liberals say that the
moment the French tricolour and Austrian eagle have
left the papaldotalniousthereccntleviesofGeribaldians
and legionaries will rouse such a tempest in the army-
that an outbreak will be inevitable. Here, again,
the priests laugh in their turn, and say that they do
not wish for better spurt, for that the Neapolitan.
will be ready at Terracina, and the Austrians on the
Po, and that on the least signal of revolt (and per-
haps before) they will cross the frontier and occupy
the legations and the metropolis before France can
well get the news, and certainly before she can
bring the matter before the Assembly and have the
funds voted necessary for a fresh expedition. We
shall see in sum an event who has most reason to
laugh. "Biro Lien qui rira k derider."

-
pt censured by the Cortes for his circular, which will Ito the Diet ; whereas it was moat anxious for a
Mae him more circumspect). Aguiar will takethe'vacant I speedy settlement of the affair. The groundless-
post ofjUstice and ecclesiastical affairs, now also held by Ma-
forth, and the interference of the Bund in
ness of the complaints is then fully set
galhaens ; Louie will return to the marine, which will be
this internal question is pronounced to be an attack
dheelktneol two,
hwolhdso
raw ililnige
roi.r.
atnhde
itilleasentedee dbeYpartFomnetees‘Pwerebiriseh
Jewis will remain with the foreign department, dependent, upon
to maintainnthe
is theindependanee
fini
of
tapriistzeiprlactoef
tshteatijeundtbse
hoWever, upon his retains as a deputy, in which, should he which
The conclusion of the paper
be disappointed, the post must necessarily be given to
another.
Mr. llislop is again here, using endeavours to obtain the urges a prompt reply, to the question whether, in
fundamental law.
i grant for a railroad; but as the system of delusion has the resolution of the Bund alluded to, an inhibitorium
r passed away with the Cabral', Mr. Haslop will have no chance is to be found or not, and confidently expects that
'of obtaining the grant without the first putting a rail-
the Diet will declare the complaints of the
road up to competition. This the government will Bitterschaft of Luneburg and Osnabruck inadrnis-
on* day do, and the conditions will be such as they may
cable, on the ground of its own incompetency.
require, and not what a single speculator may wish. That
M Hock, rho Austrian technical envoy at Frank-
agent, therefore, will stand the best chance, who, repro-
nting a bona fide company, will be able to make a rs- fort, has published the following explanation touch-
ing the sudden breaking up of the committee on
"quired deposit, and who combines is himself the qua-
commercial and material interests at the Diet:
'dimities's necessary for so important a position as the re-
presentative of opulent capitalists, who on their part The alterations proposed by the technical committee
will be equal to the undertaking. Little feeling caste
appeared to me so reasonable that I could not refuse thros
in favour of a railroad, but that little predominates in favour
my assent. Thereby the Dresden agreement was not dis-
of one from Lisbon to Oporto; and it is in such a railroad
turhed, but more broadly and clearly stated, and new soo-
the first effects should be tried a. to how far such an under-
lives alleged for the universal adoption of the pro-
takin g would develop the resources of the country, and create jected treaty Greatly did I wish that many of the altem-
a trade by the facility of transition. A road to the frontier
tions rejected by the majority had found more considera-
would be'a secondary consideration ; indeed, so far aa Por-
tion from certain governments. But I cannot but confess
that in the present state of the negociations, when the stn.
tugal alone is concerned, it is but a secondary consideration.
timents of many German states with reference to the adop-
Itln Lisbon all was going on quietly when the Madrid left.
is said the Countess of Thumar goes to England by this
lion or rejection of the Dresden propositions arc unknown,
packet. If such report be true, it indicates much. The
and that many must naturally be influenced by the position
political sentence upon the count seems to have been passed
Prussia holds, both in the Bond and the Zollverein,
by public op neon; but he cannot return to forgetfulness;
the proposed alterations, even if they hail been generally
his name will appear in the black pages of history. received, would have had a very uncertain operation, and
Exchange, 531. Discount of Lisbon bank-notes, If per
might rather hinder than promote the union aimed at.
cent.

The Prussian Military Journal says:

The construction of the railroad front Warsaw to St.
Petersburg is of great interest in a military point of view, if
we look back on the conditions that formerly decided the
movements of Russian troops. Till now no one believed in
war till the Emperor, in St. Petersburir, had given the
order to his guards to march; tiil the guards had ac-
complished the distance to Poland, or at least to Lithu-
ania, the active army in Poland did not move. But
it by the railroad a regiment can be sent every day
from Moscow to St. Petersburg, and from St. Peters-
burg to Warsaw, political circumstances are much changed
by toe new military powers. It will be remembered that
the first train that went from Moscow to St. Petersburg
carried troops, and that before the construction of the rail-
way to Warsaw is begun waggons for the transport of troops
arc being built on a scale that would appear incredible for
the steam of other states.