The Express.
London, England, 1851-05-15 00:00:00

THE EXPRESS, THURSDAY EYENINg,
..MAY 15, 1851.

to go into any private citizen's house to ask him to I
sign a petition for the benefit of his employer. M. '''
Faucher, when reporting on the petitions against
the law of May, stigmatised very justly the intimi-
dation exercised by the socialists to obtain signatures,
and cannot in conscience approve a practice which
must wear an aspect equally compulsory. A letter I
from the Haute Loire gives an insight into another
operation of the government, which is now doubtless
fang on throughout France, which would be far
few objectionable if gendarmes were not the
agents employed. A quartermaster of gendarmes
presents himself at the house of the mayor, and pulls
out an official list of ruled paper, with questions.
The first demand is, how many electors are inscribed.
The next, how many of these are royalists, Bona-
partists, or republicans. Having noted down the
answer of the mayor, the gendarme then demands
his signature. Clearly the government has no right
to demand any such office from a municipal func-
tionary.
In the Assembly's sitting of to-day M. St. Romme
addressed interpolations to the ministry upon various
measures of the authorities at Grenoble. Those re-
garding the dissolution of the national guard I have
already, explained. The other points of M. St.
Romme s inquiry related-1. To the trial of a young
man by court martial, for having called a captain a
blare. He was hued 300 francs, and condemned to
six months imprisonment. 2. To the dismissal of
the mayor in last February. 3. To the suspension
of the l'estritde des .41pes.
M. Leon Faucher replied briefly. The department
of the Isere was under state of siege, and the sen-
tence of a court martial was to be respected there,
as much as the sentences of ordinary tribunals in
parts where the law was not suspended. As to the
suspension of the mayor of Grenoble that was already
an old business, the decree duting from the 27th of
February-, when the present cabinet was not in
office. Since then a new mayor had been appointed,
who had acquired his fortune by work, was sincerely
devoted to the cause of order, and enjoyed just popu-
larity. His predecessor, M. Fredcnck Tauber had
been dismissed because he had arrogated to himself
the right of putting into execution, without waiting
for the authorization of the prefect, the resolutions
of the municipal council respecting the foundation of
an alimentary society destined to furnish succour to
indigent persons. Ile had caused the works to be
executed irregularly without previous adjudication,
upon ground of which the property had not yet been
acquired by the way of exchange. In a meeting
of the committee of the alimentary society he had
cast bitter blame upon the prefect, and had appealed
to the corps of otlits•rs of the national guard for
judgniont against the authorities. Such conduct
called fur severe measures, and M. Taulier had been
dealt with accordingly; and all the charitable in-
tentions attributed to him by his detimders
could not palliate such insubordination. The
dissolution of the national guard at Grenoble
had been necessitated by the impossibility of supply-
ing the places of 101 oftwers out of 160 who had re-
signed, a law, Vassed in March last, preventing par-
tial or total elections until the passing of the organic
law. As for the dismissal of the colonel, M. Michel,
it was pertivtly justified by the unjust insinuations
against the government in his order of the day.
Lastly, as to true suspension of the Pal riae des Apes,
that journal abounded during the state of siege with
incendiary articles, and spread false news. In all
these measures the authorities had been guided by
considerations nut of private but of public interests.
M. Farconnet accused the government of being ani-
mated with a vindictive spirit, in consequence of the
suppression of the society of the Dix Decembre, and
of mainb • • g the state of siege, in order to favour
the prolongation of the President's powers. Ile
closed by muving a mutived order of the day. The
Assembly passed, by a large majority, to the pure
and simple order of the day.
The Assembly then adopted, by 368 votes against
23, and by 339 against 17, two bills opening supple-
mcutary credits fur the payment of the subsidies
consented to in favour of Monte Video. The house
thin proceeded to the third deliberation on the bill
of MM. Lajuitutis and Scydoux, relative to the ad-
vances made to workmen.

The President of the Assembly announced the
deaths of MM. St. Priest and Georges Mtranier, re-
presentatives.
In the municipal elections of La Gain°Wm Lyons,
the red kairty has won the day, the councillors
chosen being almost exclusively socialists.
The national guard of 'Loudly, Seine-et-Marne,
has liven dissolved by the govennnent, some of the
4:deers having attempted to replant a tree of
liberty.
Fresh changes in the prefectures are spoken of as
inauitaut.

The sale of Louis Philippe's collection of
&ens china went on yesterday; several costly spe-
cimens si.re sold at low prices.
The Nessoy,T states that fourteen regiments of the
Ist dii Won, %kith do not belong to the garrison of
Paris. have received orders to hold themselves in
readiness to march on the capital The Minister of
War has given these orders confidentially to the
colonels of the said regiments.
The mull of the lust ballot yesterday for the two
vice-presidents was as follows : Lacrosse, 283 ; Benoist
d'Ary, 222.; Vitet, 147; lieugnot, 110. MM. La-
crosse and Benoist d'Ary, having obtained the abso-
lute mijoritv. were proclaimed vics..-presidents. Thus
the member 'of the club for the Rue des Pyramides
proposed for election by that body in the place of M.
kuu Fauelwr has been accepted by the Assembly.
N. Moulin has been chosen secretary in the place of
111.1fickencii. This is the only change in the com-
position of the new bureau as concerns the secreta-
ries, M. Antaud de l'Ariege having declined to come
forward.

The Chamber of Commerce of Rouen has signed a
petition for the revision of the constitution.
M. I Indere. the republican, who has taken the
field against General I)urrien, for the representation
of the Lode.. is opposed to all violent and revolu-
tionary mvasurvs. and deplores the abstention of a
portfon of the democratic party from the elections, as
leading to iithumetion.
A grand fusion dinner takes place to-day, at the
house or Mai Lune Pozzo di Borgo. MM. Onizot, de
Balvandy, Dumont, Mole, Montebello, and several
legitimist notabilities, will be present. But the hero
of the tr is said to be General Changarnicr, whose
definitive accession to the fusionist party will be
thu. authenticated.

It is rumoured that M. de Latour is to be recalled
from Vienna for admitting a proposition of Prince
&hwarienbcrg without instructions from his
government.
An important deliberation took place to-day in the
committee un the Municipal Bill concerning Leon
Faucher's proposition fur adjourning the municipal
elections until after the passing of the organic law.
The committee decided by 17 votes against 8 that,
after the promulgation of the organic law, only a
partial and not a total renewal of the councils shall
take place.
A considerable rise took place to-day in the funds.
The Fives closed at 0043, with a rise of Mc.; the
Threes at On-10, with a rise of 55c.

GERMANY.
AUSTRIA.

Letters from Viennobiing;ccounts of the finan-
cial plan submitted by the minister, Von Kubeck, to
examinee of moneyed men which he convoked. This
plan consists in raising a loon of 100 millions in spe-
cie for the purpose of increasing the bank metallic
reserve to 140 millions; and guaranteeing that no
mom paper money will be issued.
The proposed reductions in the duties on iron in
Austria do not meet with support from the masters,
who desire still greater protection.

PRUSSIA.
BERLIN, MAT 13.

Yost are already informed that the Sing of
Prams is to meet the Emperor of Austria on the 16th. To
this interview is attached the more political importance, m
I an now farther inform you that on the Zkd er 24th the
Emperor of Austria is to. have ea Interview with the
Emperor of Romig at Cracow. That Ramis, Motels, sod
Promin (Russia is properly bore 'minded) will act as one
mon at the Diet may be pretty dimly foresees. It will
aft be German affairs so such r Europe= airman
that, will be really before that assembly: end Ram*
Emelt not nominally belonging to It, will seek have much
awl to my them than the smell Gorman states. It is to
be resonessol, too, that Prods is no longer tube Pothered
IMAM liberal state, or ens dates of a towhwey,
balls ladled probably to p farther la dm sappeamics of

progrees--whieh she calls revolution—than even Austria.
The triad then of Ole great northern powers, headed by
RUN* will deliberate really at Frankfort, on one subject
only—viz., the mo.t effective means of extinguishing civil
' liberty all over the world.
The plan for carrying out the Austrian projects have
been, I am positively assured, fully agreed upon and ma-
tured at Vienna and Munich. Wirtcmberg, Saxony, and
the other states adhering to Austria, have been already
informed of these plans. At first, the prime object will
not be so much the annexation of the non-German
Matti, as the formation of a strung executive.
Austria also insists that Bavaria shall have a part in the
executive, which will really give the sole power, on all oc-
casions when Prussia may be • dissentient, to Austria. In
order to attain this point, as also that of the ineosporation,
it is a matter of the first and last importance to the cabinet
of Vienna that the unanimous voting should give place to a
majority. But, to deprive the small states of their veto
would be to deprive them of their political existence, and
to extinguish one of the few remaining hopes of Germany.
FRASKFORT. _

Letters from Frankfurt, of the 12th inst., notice
the arrival of plenipotentiaries from various German
states. M.M. Itoehon and Bismark Schonhausen
reached the city on the 11th from Berlin. As a cor-
respondent states, the Diet is about to open under
the most threatening auspices. All the diplomatists
whose services date from before IS.IB, will soon be
re-assembled together. M. Von Nostitz is present.
M. Von Gersten has arrived from Mecklenberg.
M. Von Pechlin will represent Holstein for 1/enmark
and the only reason why Count Donhoff will not re-
present Prussia is because of his c?) liberal tendencies.
M. de Tallenay has presented his letters, accrediting
him as French minister, resident at Frankfurt.

DENMARK AND THE DUCHIES.

The Augsburg Gozeits, in its number of the 11th
of May, puts forward, as a fact, which it has from
the best sources, the statement already contradicted,
that it is the intention of Denmark to enter into the
German confederation. If the King has any idea of

the step attributed to his governiiient, he-must be
counting without the Danes, whose love to Germans
showed itself the other day by the mobbing of an
unfortunate Prussian.

VENICE.
Rinq Otho left Venice for Athena on the evening
of the Ith inrt.

dungeons of Fort St. Julian, and there made to expiate
his aversion to Count Thomar upon bread and water.
The Count is gone as ambassador to Madrid ; but with
the avowed intention of endeavouring to stir up the Spanish
court in favour of another intervention ; and his family are
gone to the Quints of Mealhada to await his return with a
Spanish army.
On the 21th the King, all life and joy, ordered the light
brigade of his army to leave Coimbra ; they pushed on to
Penacova. Oa the 25th, at daybreak, their forward move-
ment was countermanded ; at midday they received another
order to return, and at night re-entered Coimbra. It then
became known that Oporto had risen ; the inhabitant•,
being animated with enthusiasm, assembled, when long and
continued " rims" with thundering discharges of rockets
in the air awakened the King from his Thomarie slumber,
and really convinced him there was soma end approach-
ing. Sympathy in the movement had already been
exhibited by his troops ; agitation now became apparent,
as they became perfectly sensible that Guirnaraens and all
the other places in the north were adhering to the move-
ment ; in a word, as we have since lound, every town, place,
hundred, and tithing, were rising, deposing the Cabral au-
thorities, and appointing those of the movement and popular
party; it, therefore, became the troops under the King's
command not to be behind their comrades and fellow-citi-

rens. On the night, therefore, of the 27th, nearly the
whole of the cavalry and lancers, with two companies of the
18th, and a long number of the grenadiers left the King,
proceeding to join Sandalha. In consequence of this, the
King ordered the Assembly to beat a retreat, on the morn-
ing of the 29th, with a view to bring the remainder off to
Lisbon ; the troops having assembled, the artillery marched,
then what remained of the 16th Regiment and the 2nd Ca-1
cadores, followed by the King and the remains of the ea-
cavalry, towards the bridge (leading to the Lisbon road),
which was crowded with people and the students of the
university. On passing the bridge, the loudest acclamations
and " rims" to Saldanha rent the air, which the King
noticed by taking off bis hut.
The people and the students then went to the Grenadiers
and Ist Infantry, which were in the place called " Santa
Cruz," cheering vociferously; these troops responded by
similar cheers, in spite of the efforts of their officers to check
them; the commandants then ordered them to march

towards the bridge to join the king, and the forces which
had passed it ; but the people and the students rose the cry
of "'l'o Oporto," "To Olairto:" The Grenadiers filed off
at the bridge and loaded. When the lit Regiment arrived,
the commandant drew his sword and attempted to force the
passage of the bridge, but the people and the students op-
posed him with bars and long sticks, and when the corn-
mand.utt was about to cut down a civilian for impeding
hint, • soldier levelled his musket at him, and said if he cut
the people he should die that instant. The Grenadiers were
prepared to fire on the troops with the king, had the latter
ordered his men to fire; but the only exploit worthy
of notice, was that his Majesty ordered the artillery to be
pointed towards the town sod the bridge. The troops,
however, that were with him retired, when the Grenadiers,
who were ready to return his lire, and the Ist, returned
to the city, giving " Visas to Saldanha," and at 11 o'clock
proceeded on the Oporto road to join him. The troops
which were with the King were the remainder of the 16th,
the 2nd Cacadores, and the 10th, which will return to Lis-
bon. The King returned without the incumbrance of an
army on the evening of the 3rd by the passage steamer
from Villa Franca, when on his approaching the
arsenal a rocket was fired to draw together •
posse of people to salute hint with " Visas to
Saldanha ;" but on a signal being made to the
vessel, it proceeded to Pampulha, where, it being in
the neighbourhood of Necessielailes, he was received by the
Queen and children, who all returned to the palace on foot.
lie left Lisbon at the head of an army under the thunder of
artillery saluting him. He returned to Lisbon with only
his attendants, without any salute, despised and contemned
for the odious part he has played and the sorry figure ho
has cut.

The Duke of Terceira had arrived on the 30th, and took
fur a few hours only upon him the office of President and
War Department ; lie has represented to the Queen that
Thomar is hated from north to south, from east to west.
The Queen, however, obstinate to the last, has used every
method and every exertion to form a ministry composed of
Count Thomar's friends ; but they, knowing well the na-
ture of the storm which is raging, have all genteelly backed
out of it. tinder bad advice she is trying to delude and
bring the Marshal into a trap, but the plan will fail. It is
said that a horrible plot for taking revenge was debated
upon fur execution on the night of the 23th; but it was re-
solved to put it off until the arrival of the 16th Regiment,
which was always considered the mainstay of the Cabral
government, the colonel of that regiment having received
100 milreis per month from Tnomar's own pocket always to
support him.
. . . .

The Queen, in despair, not only dismissed the whole of
the Thomar ministry,but Terceira also, who was appointed
to form the new ministry; but, in hopes they may bad
your with Saldanha, she has appointed the Baron do Luz
Minister of the Interior, ad std., and Foreign Aerial's ;
Saldanha himself President of the Council and Minister of
the Interior; the Baron Frances, War and Marine; Fran-
eini, Justice and Finance. She has also dismissed Terceira
from the office of Lord nigh Steward, in which he sup-
planted Saldanha, when the latter was deprived of his ap-
pointments, and doubtless considers that a bait and a snare
which the duke may fall into ; but the duke, the army,
and the people, have been warned to be on their guard
against every eventuality. The changes had been tele-
graphed to Oporto to Col. Mouse ; and the reply has been
sent to the Duke of Terceira in the following terms " That
the duke had received the telegraphic despatch directed to
Col. Moniz, that the nation would not accept any ministry
composed of any member of the majority of either Chamber,
-who had supported the corrupt minister; and that he, Mar-
shal Saldanha, asked the Duke de Terciera respectfully to
tell the Queen that he, the duke, had not drawn the sword
to prepare the return of the Count de Thomar in six or
twelve months." This, as far as it goes, satisfies the people
a little ; but, as they have so strongly before their minds the
treachery of all the events connected with the protocol, and
particularly the forcible detention of Palmella in the palace,
in 1816, they have raised the cry of "Abdication!" alleg-
ing that Don Pedro gave the example of it. Ile, they say,
contended with the people, was defeated, abdicated, and
embarked. The Queen's husband contended, was alike
defeated ; the cause of that eonteation must, therefore, ab-
dicate and embark.
The Marquis. of Fronteira has been dismissed from the
civil governorship and the command of the militia; but
his brother, Don Carlos Masearenhes, has been retained in
the command of the municipal guard. It is said
to be at the request of many citizens, on account of the pro-
tection of property; but it is believed to be in consequence
of a latent hope that yet exists, that something may turn up
to destroy the effect of the movement, and give again the
direction of affairs to the Queen's favourite. Don Carlos
was a great advocate of the Count do Thinner's. The other
day symptoms of an adhesion to the popular cause took
place at St. Übes; he wanted to send some of the muni-
cipals there to crush them; but he was dissuaded from the
enterprise. The Count de Thomar's friends have yet the
fully and rashness to think a little firmness and energy
would relieve them from the dangerous situation in which
they are placed. Their firmness and energy are under-
stood, but the Duke of Saldanha has been cautioned against
it, even though aseseeiwa were to be employed to perform
a task, they would find it impracticable.
The Queen is advised to accept a ministry formed by the
duke; the following are said to be the persons most agree-
able to him, and most likely to accept office with him
The Duke himself, President; Jowl Maria Grande, for the
Interior; Fiwasini, Finance; Count Lavradio, Foreign
dales; Baron des Lim, War Department; Peons Pereira
Es Mello, Marine; sad Fenno, Justice. The Minh.,
Taros liontes, and Beim have adhered to the movement ;
and General Mesquita, who remained at Coimbra, has
*sod *Wimps he teememuls seder the orders of &Hanka.
Several Mbyte have been mad* to came a movement
here. On the night of the 24 the Duke' Hymn was called
for and played at the theatre, amidst repeated" Mem; " after
the performances, a crowd essembleil la the Book, and, se-
companied by some sergeants, proceeded to the barracks of
the 4th Cagadon, at Val de Pereira. A party, however
of the cavalry of the municipal guard arrived, and drew up
before them, when they gradually dispersed. In the even-
ing again of the 3d, a dense crowd went round to the bar-
racks and different stations, where there were guards; giv
fag repeated " riraa" to Saldanba ; they were replied to by
similar "viva," but nothing further took place. Lisbon,
however, is alive, and somewhat agitated ; but the nation?'
beloved Queen Wallkill benelf to the Palace of Naomi.
Jades ; a day, however, is hoped for, when she will quit it,
amidst the rejoicings of the people !
I must do justice to the civil governor and military com-
mandant at Braga, by stating that they, simultaneously
with the troops, pronounced for the movement.
I think the retention of Don Carlee in the command of
the Municipal Guard he. been with a view to retard a
rising. If • rising wen to take place, and blood shed in
eoeriquence the government wenkl be highly culpable.
Were Ito ;moved, dos troops sal the people

. . r
fraterniae, and pronounce in favour of Saldantia, without
any disorder. It is, therefore, evident Lisbon is in a very
critical situation.

On the 3rd a telegraphic despatch arrived, stating that
Evora had that day pronounced ; the civil and military au-
thorities being of accord. Almada, opposite Lisbon, ou the
other side of the Tagus, has also pronounced. On the 4th
crowds assembled in various parts ; the ferocious Don Carlos
appeared in one of them, mid four men, peaceable and un-
armed, were cut down ; one of them being severely wounded
by D. Carlos' own sabre, has since died. In consequence
of these events the ministers published a proclamation ;
and on the 6th they all went to the palace, and demanded
the dismissal of D. Carlos; but her Majesty said she had
rather accept their resignations than dismiss him.
Her conduct is inexplicable. It is officially published
she adheres to the wishes of the nation. She has sent
Senhor Reis e Vamoneelles to Oporto, with a letter written
by her own hand, informing Saldanha she has appointed
him president of the ministry, and inviting him to come to
' Lisbon to form one conformable to the desires of the nation.
A telegraphic despatch announced the arrival of Senhor
Reis at Oporto; but it is said the duke is warned not to
come, as a plot has been formed to assassinate him; he has
already escaped one, and will doubtless take care not to
place himself in a tiger's nest. It is said, however, that
the duke was to leave Oporto on the morning of the sth,
with four brigades, marching upon Lisbon, popular hat-
tallow being forming to support him and echo the national
voice.

In taking in a late letter a short review of the Queen's
conduct to the popular party in 1846-47, I said she mold
hardly descend to such humiliation as to seek aid from them
yet so abject has she been, that she sent for the Count alas
Antas to point out a remedy for the existing evils ; but he
told her that Saldanha was the person to do that. The
real belief is that she wanted to compromise the count
and the popular party with Saldanha. Treachery and
attempted reaction are apparent at every step ; but the
day of retribution mutt arrive. By the way, the
British steam-frigate Retribution arrived on the 4th,
having orders to receive the Queen on hoard (if she abdi-
cated), and convey her to England ! There is a report that
the king has said he will not remain in Portugal ! lie is
indignant at the manner in which he has been deceived, as
he says also that the Count de Thomas is universally hated.
The King has resigned the command-in-chief of the army,
and is fully sensible that he has been made a fool of ; his po-
sition is yet delicate, which may hasten his departure. The
Baron de Foote Nova has been appointed to the command
of this division; he immediately went round to the
troops and military guards, when " Vitas" were given, and
he announced that Lisbon had pronounced ; so says the
proclamation of the ministry; but the turbulent heads of the
'!'honor faction want to render it of no effect; a crisis, there-
forc, exists, and will exist while one adherent of Thomurs re-
tains authority. A concourse of people went to the quarters
of the battalion of the Charter, and giving " Vivaa," asked
for the band. In a short time the whole battalion marched
out, gave " Thus," pronounced, and retired. Don Carlos
came down with a small body of cavalry of the Municipals,
and began to cut away in all directions; so that no man's
life is safe who happens to come in contact with even
small number of persons, with this furious madman.
The Marquis of Fronteira embarked on board the
English steamer, and went to the south. It is said he takes
refuge in Italy.
That part of Commodore Martin's squadron which had
sailed on a cruise returned, and has again sailed.
The substance of the Duke's reply to the Queen is thus
published in the Supplement to the Diario, of the sth of
May:
"The noble Duke expresses, in the most respectful and
sobmi■sive manner, his profound acknowledgment for the
expressions with which leer Majesty has honoured and ad-
dressed to him, reiterating the protests of his obedience and
attachment to her, acquainting her that tee shall shortly
proceed to the capital, and, as he intends to take some
troops with him, he asks that steamers may be sent to con-
duct them."

" lie declares that he will devote himself entirely to con-
solidate and maintain the throne, and the charter reformed
by legal means, as well as the inalienable rights of her
Majesty, and he *elicits her Majesty to deign to confirm
some rewards conferred by him in her name; and respect-
fully thanking her for his nomination to the presidency of
the Council of Ministers, he considers that he ought not to
11 accept it. lie will, however, conform to the wishes of the
Sovereign, submitting the persons most proper for the
furination of the Ministry, to which purpose he will dedicate
himself as soon as he arrives."
"Annexed to the long letter of the duke, of which an
outline is scarcely given, is the circular which is here pub-
lished at length.
CISCVLAR OF THE Dyne.

" Having rased the national cry, which is being so gene-
rally repeated at every corner of the country, and desiring
that the notion should know the principles which directed
and shall direct my proceeding in the name of the Queen,
you will immediately make known to the people of this
district, by means of the authorities, your subordinates,
that my end, always loyal, frank, and patriotic, is to conso-
lidate the throne of her Majesty Donna Maria the Second,
and the liberties granted by the constitutional charter, with
the reforms which experience has shown necessary, in order
that such liberties may not be sophisticated, as they have
hitherto been.

first step, therefore, without doubt, is the fall of the
Couut do Thinner's ministry, entirely destroying the influ-
ence he exercised, or can exercise, by means of the mem-
' ben of the majorities of both Chambers, which bliudly sup-
ported his ministry.
" Upon the morality of the governmentilepends, without
doubt, the morality tit the people ; it is, therefore, indispen-
sable that it should manifest itself from the responsible mi-
nistry, even to the must inferior authority, and that at once
and for ever this improper system of selfish patronage and
corruption should Maitre, which has hitherto been practised
in every link of the governing chain.
" It is necessary also that the system of exclusion cease,
and that the principle granted by the constitution ho no
illusion—that all arc eligible to exercise public employments
with tut any other distinction than merit—and that all Por•
tuguese citizens are equal in law. Political denomination
ought to be unknown to the government of the country;
imworthy men, of whatever party, ought to be despised, or
punished, if they merit it; the honest considered and re-
spected. The government is fur the nation, and all Portu-
guese, and every party ought to be governed or considered
with justice and equality, and none of them exclusively
govern the country.
" To guarantee electoral liberty, in order that the expres-
sion of the general voice may be a reality, is of the most
urgent necessity, and this obtained, morality and jurtice,
without doubt, will emanate from the legislative body, and
the measures which ought to conduct this country to the
material improvements which are so necessary, and of which
it is so susceptible.
" Liberty with order, justice and morality, such are pub-
lic necessities; and to obtain this result, 1 rely upon the aid
of all honest Portuguese. Gel protect you. Bead quar-
ters in Oporto, 29th of April, 18.11.
(Signed) " Demi DE SALDANHA."
LISBON, Mar 10.
When I last wrote, part of the British squadron
was under weigh and proceeding down the river. It would
have sailed, had there not been a considerable effervescence
is the public mind, arising from the fact of vessels having
been sent to Oporto to convey part of Saldanha's force to
Lisbon, and the departure of the squadron gave rise to the
idea that an arrangement had been made to take his force
prisoners in the same way the forces of the Junta
do Porto were taken by a British squadron in 1847;
the ebullition was great, anxiety intense, and the
expressions of the people, not at all measured with regard
to the British; and, had the squadron sailed, I fear sonic
Lets of vengeance would have been wreaked upon the Eng-
lish, as an unruly population seldom waits fur the consum-
mation of events. The excitement in the minds of the
people becoming known to Commodore Martin, he pru-
dently and laudably recalled the frigates that were proceed-
ing to sea, which returned towardstowardsevening to their an-
chorage, the Dauntless alone having sailed for Oporto.
The few' excited in the public mien show
what • strong feeling is entertained of dupli-
city and treachery in the head of the government. 'rhe
return of the frigates produced a calmness and a conviction
that Great Britain would not this time interfere to obstruct
the completion of the national desire. The Indefatigable,
Arrogant, Leander, Phaeton, Arethusa, and Retribution,
therefore, remain in the river; but the Retribution, it is
expected, will sail on Monday with invalids to England.
As to political events, I have little to add to my last com-
munication; the King's resignation has at length been
wizened ; but it is pertinaciously maintained by all parties
opposed to the court, that there is a conspiracy going on
against Saldanha, of a nature, which if successful, or even if
it be attempted, will cause a vast deal of bloodshed. The
perfidy of the Queen, in every political transaction with her
people, has always been so clear, open, and undisguised,
' that nothing but her abdication is likely to cause the agita-
tion in the public mind to subside. Its propriety has been
amply discussed and admitted, and therefore her party (the
Cabralistas) may yet make a vigorous resistance. It is said
the present ministry, to avoid a collision with the military
Saldanha will bring with him, and the military who are
here, and who an supposed inclined to support the
views of those opposed to him, will remove the 16th and
10th Rees. awl the 2nd and 4th Cagadores from Lisbon;
yet, notwithstanding this, great fears are enter.ained ; on
the other hand, the people are preparing to receive the Re-
generator In the most splendid manner.
Care has been taken to spread abroad the notion that the
Queen sincerely embraces the popular mum ; yet she neither
dismisses the agitating. Cabralistas, nor discountenances
known meetings, which take place to produce re-action.
She has always espoused the same "sincerity," but always
returned to =m and governing arbitrarily tin debates
of the charter, the moment opportunity produced a re-
action.

NOS= STAYTOIDIUMUI RAILWAT.—TroSe far Use
week ending May ; aoreeeponding week Lit
rear, 4,418 E The above is oxelnaina of the ressipis
Ws under the with the Lowden and North'
Western Railway aace parr.

SPAIN.

Telegraphic despatches received yesterday in Paris
from Madrid, dated the 12th and 13th, state that the
elections known up to 3 o'clock, p.m., on the last-
named day were favourable to the government.

MADRID, MAY 9.

In connexion with the concordat, of which I sent
you yesterday an outline, it is necessary to mention two
important measures taken by the present ministry, which,
rightly used, will afford the Spanish government a ground
fur disputing the dominion of the Pope. You are aware
that formerly ecclesiastical affairs in this cauntry were re-
gulated in their relations with the secular power by the
Chambers of Castile and of the Indies. Since the estab-
lishment of a constitution in Spain this supreme council has
ceased to exist, and its attributions have devolved
partly upon the Ministry of Grace and Justice, partly
upon an ecclesiastical chamber of consultation, and partly on
the royal council. This system being found, from its want
of speciality, equally unsatisfactory by the church and go-
vernment, after negotiations with Rome, it was agreed to
form an ecclesiastical council on the model of the old
chambers of Castile and the Indies, moulded to suit present
institutions. A royal decree was signed on the 2nd inst.,
composing this chamber as follows:—The Archbishop of
Toledo and the. Patriarch of the Indies (Grand Almoner)
are members ex officio, the former with the rank of presi-
dent. The other members are a prelate, with canonical
residence at Madrid, the decree reserving the right of in-
creasing the ecclesiastical clement according to necessity;
two members of the Supreme Tribunal of Justice, and four
high functionaries Although out of nine members
three only arc ecclesiastical, tho papal nuncio was
fain to admit this organisation as an improvement on
the existing state of things. But the liberal leanings
of the present government seem to have awaked an appre-
hension lest the lay influence in this council should be
brought to bear upon the Spanish episcopacy to curb exor-
bitant pretensions in its dignitaries, and make them, as in
Piedmont amenable to the civil power. This apprehension
has been increased by a recent measure. On the 6th of
April the commiasionership of the cruzada was suppressed ;
the attribution of the commissioner were transferred to the
Archbishop of Toledo, and the bishops were charged, each
in his diocese, with the administration and application of
the funds proceeding from the bull. This was done with
the approbation of Rome, whose sanction was conciliated
by the prospect of the archbishops and bishops being hence-
forward independent of the commission of the crux ida,
while the revenues would be relieved of the charges at-
tending their collection and administration. But on the
2nd instant the government issued a supplementary instruc-
tion to this decree of the Gth of April, ord g that " the
M nistcr of Graft and Justice, as charged with ecclesiasti-
sal affairs, ehatl he entrusted with the central administra-
tion relative to the bull of the Santa Cruzada, and with the
collection and distribution of its revenues; and shall fulfil
these functions by means of the worship account-office of
his department;" and further on it is said that this ac-
count-office may augment, according to need, its personnel,
by enrolling the cop os's of the Cruzada office, which has
been suppressed. hence the bishops are no longer ailm;-
nistrators of the revenues of the cruzada in their dioceses,
but are dependent din the Minister of Grace and Justice.
The Nuncio complains that the supplementary instruction
of May 2 has annulled the decree of April 6; and appre-
bends that the same fate may befal the decree constituting
the ecclesiastical chamber.

The revenues of the Bala de Cruzada amount to at least
a quarter of a million sterling, and proceed, as you arc
aware, from the sale of indulgences to eat meat during
Lent. The name is derived from the first of these indul-
gences being granted by Innocent 111. to the Spanish cru-
saders to keep them in fighting conditior.

ARRIVAL OF TH F, BRAZILIAN
MAILS.

The Royal Brazilian mail packet Medway, Captain
Symonds, from Rio do Janeiro, arrived at South-
ampton last night, and landed her mails under the
charge of Lieut. O'Reilly, R.N., Admiralty agent.
11cr dates of sailing are : Buenos Ayres, 28th March;
Monte Video, 31st March; Rio de Janeiro, 14th
April ; Bahia, 18th April; Pernambuco, 20th April ;
St. Vincent, :10th
April; Tencriffe, sth May; Ma-
deira, 7th May; Lisbon, loth May. The Medway
brings home 5:4 passengers, among whom is his Ex-
cellency the Marquis of Lisboa, Brazilian Minister
to London. The Medway also brings on freight
20,0001. in specie, and diamonds of the value of
5,0201. The Brazilian squadron, under Admiral
Grenfell, was to sail from Rio on the 19th of April
for the River Plate. The brig Incunsavel had been
made a prize of by the Brazilian cruisers. She had
400 Africans on board.

At Rio the yellow fever has been making sad
havoc amongst the crews of the merchant vessels.
One American vessel had lost all hands on board.
The fever had not yet reached the shore. The
Brazilian government is still suppressing the slave
trade. All the slave-dealers are leaving the country.
The house of Ilobkirk, Weetman, and Co., of Rio,
suspended payment on the 2nd of April. Their
liabilities are estimated at four hundred and eighty
contos iris (about 50,0000. One of the members
of the firm having filled the office of an extensive
stock bill broker, renders the failure of some conse-
quence. The merchants at Rio expected to receive
unfavourable advices by the Sledway, which induced
purchasers in the coffee market to hold back, but the
news being rather favourable, activity prevailed.
Prices have not materially advanced, owing, no
doubt to the low quality of the stock, superior
qualities not appearing at all in the market. The
supplies are very small owing to the bad state of the
roads in the interior.

Prices on the 11th were as follows:—Superior,
3.300 to 3.600; good first, 3.350 to 3150; first ordi-
nary, 3.200 to 3.250; good second, 3100 to 3150;
second ordinary, 2.800 to 2.900; stock principally
of low quality, 40.000.
Exchange had experienced a slight decline, and
was quoted at 281 to 201 on London, at which rate
280,0001. had been done.
Hides were inactive.

The markets for imports were limited.
At Pernambuco the dry goods market was dull,
with rather lower prices for fancy staple goods.
In sugar the white qualities were firm at former
quotations, but Ntuscovadoes were 30 to 100 reels
cheaper.
Cotton market further depressed.
Exchange closed fiat at 29, about 100,000!. having
previously beenjiassed at 29!.
Freights had eelined, and vessels for the Channel
were obtainable at 50s.

At Bahia exchange was generally sinking, and
closed at 29, a transaction being reported at 291.
The inferior descriptions of sugar had suffered a
decline.

Freights to the Channel, 655. to 70s.
At Monte Video on the let of April everything
was quiet. The threatened blockade of the River
Plate by the Brazilians had caused very little sensa-
tion.

The late arrival of the Medway has been owing
to the late arrival of the Esk, at Rio, with
the Buenos Ayres mails. The political news
by the Esk was, that there would be no war.

Her Majesty's ship Asia, 84, Rear-Admiral Hornby,
C. 8., arrived at Spithead yesterday evening from the
Pacific and the Brazils. She sailed from Valparaiso
on the 13th of February, and Rio on the 27th of
March. She has gold-dust, dollars, bar gold, silver
plate, and specie to the amount of 64,148 dollars, on
merchants' account.

LONDON AND NORTH WESTERN RAILWAY.
Traffic for the week ending May 11 :—Passengers, parcels,
carriages, horses, and mails, 27,6811. 19s. 2d.; merchandise,
18,6921.125.64. ; cattle, 1,1491. 13s. W.:: total, 45,5241.55. 4d.
Corresponding week, 1850, 4829591: Is. W.—Aggregate,
1850, 773,8151. 84. Bd. ditto, 1801 788,6211. 19s. 3d.
LONDON AND bourn WESTERN RAILWAY.—
Trade for the week ending May 11: Passengers,
8,073/. 12s. 2d. ; goods, 2,2811. 14s. 4td. Tonal, 10,3551.
Bs. 6td.
MIDLAND RAlLWAY.—Traffic for the mesh ending
IMay 11 : 20,1201. 7s. 7d.; ditto May 12, 1850,
21,2711. 61. ed. Roma* 1180.2801. 12s. 7d.;
1851. 383,614. OIL $6
Troops FOR Met GAIL.—The Wren. 10, iron
serew stem frigid* et 801Mieree power, is to be commie.
stoned immedbMar at Ihsanesse, to any troops to the
C.pe of Goad Hope,, md Intim lave hem pat up at the
dockyard gate et Wedwish to rodbors to acne in that
wool. Several appolstmodo Mw the Plogard have been
made to the Magma, altheitiry have not as yet been
to
officially anooonsad. The expected proceed in
her to the Pagic dm the >lli or awes Royal Regiment of
Foot, sat Media lidera company Bth -battalion of the
Royal Artillery.