The Express.
London, England, 1853-01-13 00:00:00

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LONDON, THURSDAY, JANUARY 13.

Tuoccii the two circumstances ate matters of very
different import, there is, we believe, no doubt that
M. DROtIM DC L'IEUTS did last week tender to his
new and latest Sovereign his resignation, rather than
bee consenting party to NsroLEos 111. receiving
from the Casa a recognition in terms inch as that
potentate would not have addressed the meanest
monarch in Germany. And it is still more certain
that Lord Jour ltesszu., in receiving the diplomatic I
body the other day at the Foreign-office, frankly
told them that he held the seals of that department
ad interim only, and that in no great length of time
the
.administration of our Foreign Affairs would
be transferred to the Earl of Ct.satxrios,—a
statement the noble lord has since repeated
to such of the representatives of Foreign Go-
vernments as have transacted business with
him. The importance of these circumstances is, as
we have said, very different. Nevertheless, at a
time when both in France and England strong
governments are said to be most indispensable, any
provisional or precarious arrangements in their
Foreign Offices cannot be regarded as at all a
satisfactory state of things. The reasons which have
induced Lord JOHN RUSSELL to occupy the Foreign-
office for so very short a period that in commencing
his administration he avows its provisional character
to the Foreign Ministers,—and plainly tells them
that the other demands on his time precludes the
possibility of his conducting that admimatration long
after Parliament re-assembles are not very
difficult to penetrate. Though once a Prime
Minister himself, Lord JOHN'S sense of public
duty, perhaps very properly, induced him to
accept office under Lord ABERDEEN ;—nevertheless,
in such matters there is a personal dignity to be pre-
served ; the maintenance of which was satisfied by
Lord JOHN RUSSELL again assuming the leadership
of the House of Commons, with the responsible
situation of a Secretary of the State having a great de-
partment to manage. This manifestation of his im-
portance to Parliament once over, the Earlof CLAREN-
DON will then (as Lord JOHN has semi-officially stated
to the foreign diplomacy) take the place originally ap-
propriated to him in the ABERDEEN Cabinet; and
WIMP the direction of our foreign affairs, as stated
in this journal some time ago. So far there
can be little objection to the arrangement in con-
templation. The only fear is that any unavoidable
delay after Parliament has re-assembled shall occur.
For, however admirably suited for the administra-
tion in many respects of our external relations Lord
JOHN Itusszu. may be, the country cannot afford to
have him so occupied when a new Reform Bill has to
be prepared; and the public service will not permit
any accumulation or urger of business in
a department of Each great importance as
the Foreign-office. Nor is it likely that Lord
JOHN Hirssr.m., while only temporarily holding the
seals, will make those diplomatic changes which
public opinion decrees to be so indispensable; and
the Earl of CLARENDON may, on the other hand,
hesitate, if any long delay takes place before he has
the opportunity to remove those whom his prede-
eessor in the same Cabinet tolerated. On the ground,
then, that Lord Jons Russxu.'s first duty in the
sew Government is the preparation of a measure of
electoral and representative reform ;—that the prepa-
ration of such a measure requires an amount of
leisure such as the active duties of a Secretary of
State cannot furnish ;—that now-a-days the conduct
of the Government business in the House of Commons
is incompatible with the administration of our
foreign affairs—and that it is improper, if not uncon-
stitutional, even for a strong Administration to keep
the direction of our foreign affairs in a state of
suspense ; an early completion of these arrangements,
which have bad their origin in personal rather than
in public considerations, becomes desirable.
The difference of opinion between the newly-
elected Emperor of the Fitravca and his Foreign
Minister, on the contrary, involved, not the dignity
of the servant, but the honour of the master and of
the country. In recognising the imperial election,
the C'ae, it seems, would only address the heir of
him who penetrated to Moscow by the condescending
appellation of his " bon ami," instead of the ordinary
and co-equal term "mon frets." This northern im-
pertinence M. Ditouin, like a man of spirit, was for
resenting ; but recognition at any price and on
any terms was the policy of NAPOLEON
and the EMPEROR of the greatest military nation in
Europe, though professing to be chosen by the votes
and acclamations and " the logic" of eight millions
of men, has not the courage to claim equality with
the Howse of ROMANOST, on which the dominion of
"all the Rustles" fell by a revolution not a whit
more connected with divine right or hereditary prin-
ciple than the coup Altai, by virtue of which France
is as effectually coerced as Russia.
Thus it is that the Autocrat of • semi-savage
people, whose revenues are no greater than three of
• second-rate power, whose army is not invin-
cible, and whose navy out of the Baltic or the
Black Sea is of little European value, lords
it over the Continent. And why. P Berme
his audacity is based on a principle ; a bid
principle, no doubt—for it is Absolutism ; bni
a principle nevertheless. And Austria, Priads. mad
France have nothing to oppose to this elenmed at
Russian strength and power. The government at
Russia is at least clear and consistent; while the
governments of France, Prussia, and Austria are
dishonest and inconsistent. The Russian Monarchy,
based on an absolute patriarchism, carries with it the
support, if not the affections, of its barbarous mil-
lions. The personal, bureaucratic, and functionary
governments of France, Prussia, and Austria are
as necessary evils, even by those who
Xreato, or accept them ; and are hated and des-
pised by the millions who resent such tyrannise.
Hence it is that they are in no position to manifest
spirit on such occasions as that which provoked for a
moment M. Deours's indignation; hence it is they
follow the example St. Petersburgh sets them; hence
it is that the CZAR has dared in these latter days to
insult and humiliate the ruler of France.

The onlyawr,Fohdy or successful opponent of a bad
principle is a one ; and it is by rational, tempe-
rate, wise, nconstitutional liberty and freedom
alone that the progress of absolutism and the supre-
macy of an autocrat can be resisted. When, after
the Restoration of 1818, royalty and the elder Boon.
DONS regained power in France, and resisted popular
pretensions and rights, what followed? Russia and
its agents became all powerful in Paris. When,
is better days, France had a chance of govern-
ing herself more popularly Russian influence
was at an end. So at Vienna and Berlin after 1848
emancipation from Russian direction followed their
revolutions • and all Germany was united as one
spinet the Cm& Now royalty there is running
soot ; and the destinies of Germany are again at the
disposal of Russia. So backed, Russia even dares to
degrade the newly-elevated monarchy of France.
are some even in the English press—the
Noses is one of them—who would have m to believe
that against this lamming power and still more
rapidly augmenting audacity of Russia there is some
piste milieu mode of resistance; that by policy, by
arrangements, by alliances, its fatal effects may be
averted. The notion is absurd. There is but one break-
water to Russian ambition, and that is popular freedom
on the Continent. With popular institutions at
Vienna, Dresden, Munich, Berlin, and Paris alone
there is safety to Europe. But so long as in these
capitals, Kings and Emperors reign by the sword ;
so long as their subjects are dragooned, not governed,
Russia is, and must continue to be, master of the
01110 of European politics; and all England can do
is to mark, learn, and inwardly digest the fact and
defend its own.

Wrruirt the last few days we have had English
and American speakers—in public meeting assembled
—criticising the institutions of their two countries,
and thus bringing Joan BULL and Brother JONA-
THAN into companion the one with the other. The