The Express.
London, England, 1853-02-08 00:00:00

MONTENEGRO.

Below we give the latest reports of the Turkish
operations in Montenegro. Notices of military
movements in Prussia and Austria having relation to
Montcnegtin affairs will also be found under those
heads. Of the subjoined reports, which we give on
the authority quoted, it will be noticed how different
an aspect the same events present in the curt tele-
graphic despatch, and in the detailed leisurely narra-
tive. As the alleged voluntary evacuation of Zabljah
by the Montenegrins, on Russian advice, became in
a few days their violent expulsion by the Turks, so
now the repulse of the Moslems on all points
has dissolved into their conquest of the bet-
ter half of Montenegro. Another point which
should be noticed is the alleged barbarity
of Turkish warfare. But if we look at the past we
do not find that Turk is more cruel than Montene-
grin, while the present campaign exhibits the Turks
as having a clear monopoly of humanity. To speak

~~ ~~

Brat of the past. A contemporary the other day, re-
ferring to the-barbarous practice of cutting off the
beads of prisoners, instanced a saying of the late
Vladika of Monteoevo, who told Sir Gardner Wil-
kinson, " that he might be certain the true senti-
ments of the Turks of the present day are the same
as they were in the time of Osman or of Bejazet, but
that they contrive to deceive the diplomatists of Eu-
rope by professions of civilisation, just enough to
induce as to overlook their monstrous inhu-
manities." The public should be told that this
answer was the Vladika's excuse for declining an
engagement to terminate the savage practice of de-
capitation. Then as to the present. Do we not con-
tinually bear of the number of Turk's heads brought
into Cettinje after every engagement, heads which
the Vladika pays for at two ducats each, as the
village constable pays for sparrows? Contrast with
this the Turkish practice of sending prisoners to
Constantinople for trial ; contrast with it the latest
news from Montenegro in the statement which we
borrow from the latest arrival of the Trieste Gazette,
anti-Turkish journal. "The prisoners taken at
Grahovo caner a five days' siege) have been brought
into the lurkish camp, and are treated kindly."

The Ocat. Correspondenz has the following from
the seat of war, dated Jan. 27.
The Bosnian Turks advanced from Niksich, in the
Herzegovine, to the fortified convent of Ostrog, one
of the most elvated points of the Zeta Valley, in the
Bislopavlivich Nahia (district), and after taking, los-
ing, and retaking it, they took up a strong position ou
the river Zeta. At the same time Omer Pasha
pushed forward his corps from the fortress of Spuss,
and obtained possession of the valley of the Zeta,
The consequence of this combined operation was
that the Montenegrins were obliged to retreat to
the heights on the right bank of the Zeta, where
Prince Daniel with 1,500, and Pero Petro-
vich with the same number of Montenegrins,
now are. The four Nahias, Bislopavlivich, Mo-
ratecha, Piperi, and Kutska, being time cut off
from the four Nahias forming Montenegro Proper,
have declared their adhesion to Omer Pasha, who
has published a proclamation. After some feeble
attempts to penetrate into the Cerninizza Nahia, the
Bey of Antivari fell back on Mount Suttermann,
where he is now opposed to a few hundred moun-
taineers. Dervisch Pasha, with 4,000 or 5,000 men,
is posted on the table land of Grahovo, within sight
of the frontiers of Montenegro. The Woiwode, a
respected and gallant, but inexperienced man, shut
himself up in his house with his men ; but the Turks
having brought their artillery to bear on it, he and
40 others were obliged to surrender. 150 families
have already sought shelter on the Austrian side of
the frontier.

AMERICA.

We add the following to our summery of news re-
ceived by the Arabia, published yesterday :

LIVERPOOL, SUNDAY.

The British and North American Royal Mail
steamship Arabia, Captain Judkins, arrived in the
Mersey, from New York, with advice" from that port
to the 27th ult., 66 passengers, and 150,000 dollars
specie on freight. Her advertised hour of sailing
I was 12 noon on the 26th, but, on proceeding to the
bar, the pilot refused to take her across, from want
of water, and she returned into the river, where she
remained until the following morning. She has
made a remarkably rapid trip for the season, being
telegraphed off Holyhead at half-past 10 a.m. to-day.

- - _
In the United States Senate, on the 24th ult., two
messages were received from the President. One
communicating the correspondence, by the Hon.
Abbott Lawrence and others, with the government
of Great Britain and the state department relative
to the affairs of Central America. There are over
one hundred despatches communicated, commencing
in 1845, and continuing down to 1850. Ncroppor-
tanity was afforded of examining or copying any of
the papers. The message and accompanying deco
ments were referred, and ordered to be printed. The
second message communicated the award of Louis
Napoleon in the case of the claim by the United States
against Portugal, concerning the brig General Arm-
strong. We make the following abstract of the do-
cuments:

Mr. Rives, under date of December 13, 1852, states that,
pursuant to invitation, he attended at the office of the
Minister of Foreign Affairs of France, on December 11th,
where he met the Portuguese minister, when they were
each presented with a copy of the award, without any in-
timation of its nature, and with a declaration that the
Prince President had been so much occupied recently with
the changes in the government that he had had no oppor-
tunity of delivering the award in person, or at an earlier
day. The award of the Prince President recites the con-
vention by Portugal and the United States, by which was
referred to him the controversy relative to the American
pd-
vateer General Armstrong, which was destroyed in the port
of Fatal on the 27th day of September, 1814, and states
that, having maturely considered and examined the evi-
dence &e. it is clear that the United States were at war
with Ingland at that time •, that Portugal was preserving
her neutrality ; that the General Armstrong, com-
manded by Captain Reid, was legally provided with
letters of marque, and armed for privateering pur-
poses ; that she cast anchor at Faye!, on the
26th September, 1814, in the dominions of the Queen of
Portugal • on the same day, an English squadron entered
the sante Port, and on the following night, without any re-
spect to the rights of sovereignty and of neutrality, a
bloody encounter took place between the Americans and
the English, and on the next day an English vessel same to
range herself near the American privateer for the purpose
of cannonading her; and that this determination being fol-
lowed by the act, Captain Reid and his crew were induced
to abandon and destroy her. He does not consider it clear
that if certain British longboats, on the night of the 26th,
approached the General Armstrong, that these boats were
manned by men provided with arms and ammunition ; but
he consideis it clear that these longboats, having approached
the brig, the crew of the latter, having hailed them and
ordered them to be off, immediately fired upon them, killing
' some and wounding others mortally, without any attempt
having been made by the longboats to repel force by force.
The American captain did not apply to the Portuguese
governor for protection until blood had been shed ; and
when the firing had °eased, the brig came to anchor under
the castle at the distance of a stone's throw. The Portu-
guese governor was then informed of what was passing,
sad on several occasions he interposed with the British
sommander to obtain • cessation of hoetilites, and com-
plained of the violation of • neutral territory, and effao-
, lively prevented some American sailors on land from
I embarking for the purpose of prolonging the conflict,
which was contrary to the laws of nations. The weakness
of the garrison prevented any armed intervention. Consi-
dering, va this state of things, that Captain Reid, not
having applied, from the beginning, for the intervention of
the neutral sovereign, and having had recourse to arms, in
order to repel an unjust aggression, of which he (Capt.
Reid) thought he was the object, had thus failed to respect
the neutrality of the territory of the foreign sovereign, and
released that sovereign of the obligation in which he was
in to afford him protection, by any other means than that
of a pacific intervention, from which it follows that the
government of her Most Faithful Majesty cannot be held
responsible for the results of the collision which took plane,
in contempt of her rights of sovereignty, in violation of the
neutrality of her territory, and without the local officers or
i lieutenants having been required, in proper time, and ena-
bled to grant aid and protection to those having a right to
the same—therefore, "We have decided and we declare,
that the claim presented by the government of the United
States against her Most Faithful Majesty has no foundation,
and that no indemnity is due by Portugal in consequence
of the fall of the American brig General Armstrong, armed
for privateering purpoees. Done and signed, itc., under
the seal of State, at the Palace of the Tuileries, Nov. 30th,
1852."—(Signed) "L. NBroisolg."

GIPAND BALL OP THE SOCIETE FRANCAISE DE
Bianeateaxes.—The twelfth ball of this benevolent in-
stitution, which was founded to afford relief to distressed
natives of France resident in London, took place yesterday
evening, at the Hanoversquare Rooms, under the patronage
of his Eli:enemy the French Ambusador, and was at-
I tended by between three and four hundred persons.
Dancing commenced at half-past 9, under the orchestral
superintendence of 11. C. Home ; and the room was speedily
thronged with • company in which the English element
decidedly predominated. The circumstance that the me-
tropolitan season had not commenced did not prevent the
attendance of some who, is consonance with the occasion,
may be termed the rewargwsbles of the day ; and the object
which had convened the assembly appeared, on the whole,
to be well appreciated. In addition to the receipts from
the ball, a lottery was drawn of objects which had been
previously forwarded to the bureau of the society, and the
proceeds of which were designed to augment the charitable
fund.

SUCCESSFUL AUSTRALIAN EMIGRANTL—The ion
of a gardener at Cutlekelly, Roscommon, went to America,
Rot worth a shilling, and indebted (or the amount of his
passage. It appe..n that he now resides at Melbourne,
from whence he has remitted, through Denis H. Kelly,
Encl., some six months since, 60/., with a list of the parties
to whom he owed money, and the amounts. Mr. Kelly
acknowledged the receipt of the remittance, and in course
of post received 1001. from the same person, to be d.strl-
buted amongst his parents and relatives. A woman who
' emigrated off the estate of Lord Clonbrock remitted through
his lordship 7.:11. for her husband and relatives, and shortly
afterwards forwarded 1001. to enable all her family to joiu
her. In her letter to his lordship she states that she is
worth 8,0001.

voe court.

WINDSOR, Fate 7.
The Queen held a privy council nt three o'clock
this afternoon. It was attended by Prince Albert ; Earl
Granville, Lord Preeitlent ; the Duke of Ar.lll, L ird Privy
Seal ; the Earl of Aberdeen, First Lm 1 of the 1 reasury ;
Viscount Palmerton, Secretary of State for the Home De-
partment; Lord John Russell, Secretary of State for
Foreign Affairs; the Duke of Newcastle, Secrotery of state
for the Colonies; the lligl't lion. Sidney Herbert, Secs.
tary at War ; the Duke of Norfolk, Lord S:i ward ; Lard
Ernest Bruce, Vice-Chamberlain, officiating for the Lord
Chamberlain ' • and Lord Stanley of Alderney, Paymaster-
General of the Forces.
At the council, her Majesty pricked the list of high
sheriff, for the English and Welsh counties for the presaut
year.
The Mat Noble Arthur Duke of Wellington (Easter of
the Horse to the Queer), Lord Druudanrig (Comptroller of
her Majesty's Household), and the Hun. Charles Pelham
Villiers (Judge Advocate General), were, by command of
the Queen, sworn of her Itlajeety's Most Honourable Privy
Council, and took their places at the board.
The Ilon. William Bathurst was Clerk of the Council in
waiting.
At the Queen's Court, General Mendiburn, Peruvian
Minister, had an audience of the Queen, to which he was
introduced by Lord John Rouen, her Majesty's principal
Secretary of State for Foreign Affairs.
The Right Hon. Edward Strutt, Chancellor of the
Duchy of Lancaster, bad an audience of the Queen.
The Right Hon. Chart's Pelham Villiers had an audi-
ence of her Majesty and kissed hands, on being appointed
Judge-Advocate.
Her Majesty gave audiences to Lord John Russell, the
Earl Granville, and the Earl of Aberdeen. _ _

The Queen Was attended by Earl Somers, Lord in Wait-
ing, Lord Druntlanrig, Comptroller of the Machold, and
Captain the Hon. Mortimer S. West, Groom in Waiting.
The Peruvian Minister, the Earl of Aberdeen, Lord
John Russell, Viscount Palmerston, th, Duke of New-
castle, the Dukc of Argyll, the Duke of Wellington, Lord
Ernest Brace, Lord Drumlanrig, the Right lion. E. Strutt,
the Right Hon. Sidney Herbert, and Lord Stanley of Alder-
ley, travelled from London to attend the council by a
special train on the Great Western Railway, 'writing at
the Castle at half-put two o'clock. The members had
luncheon precious to the council assembling.
After the council the Duke of Norfolk left in a carriage
and four for Arundel Castle.

The Peruvian minisler and the noblemen and gentlemen
who attended her Majesty's court (with the exception of
the Duke of Wellington), took their departure for London
by a special train on the Great Western It-iilway.
The Archbishop of Canterbury and the Duchtis of Wel-
lington have been an.t are expected to-day, on •
visit to the Queen.
The Duke of Wellington also remains at the Castle.

A deputation from the committee of the association for
the reduction of the duties on wines had an iotcrview• with
the Chancellor of the Exchequer yesterday, at his official
residence, iu Downing-street. The deputation consisted of
Mr. Chisholm Anstey, Mr. W. B. James, Mr. Lancaster,
Mr. Laurie, und Mr. Shorter, and was accompanied by Mr.
J. P. Murrough, M.P. for Bridport, Mr. W. E. Preke, Mr.
George Frewer, and Mr. Cyrus Bedding.
Major• General Sir Henry Pynn attended at the Foreign-
' office yesterday, on behalf of the claims of British officers
that served in the Portuguese army during the Peninsular
war.

Despatches were received yesterday at the Colonial-
office, from the Governor-General of Canada.