The Express.
London, England, 1849-03-02 00:00:00

PRIVY COUNCIL

The Queen held • privy council yesterday after-
noon at Buckingham Palace. It was attended by Prince
Albert; the Marquis of Lansdowne Lord President of the
Council ; Lord Job* Russell, First Lord of the Treasury ;
Sir George Grey, Secretary of State for the Home Depart-
ment; Viscount Palmerston, Secretary of State for Foreign
Affairs ; Earl Grey, Secretary of State for the Colonies ; tlir
John Hobhoueet, President of tee Board of Control for the
Affairs of India; the Marquis of Clanricarda. Patmuter-
General ; the Earl Fortescue, Lord Steward of the House-
hold; the Marquis of Breadalbane, Lord Chamberlain ; the
Duke of Norfolk, Muter of the Horse; and the Marquis of
kberoorn, Groom of the Stole to the Prince. At the
Domicil an alteration was made in the appointment of sheriff
for the county of Suffolk for the present year. Mr. C. Gre-
ville was the Clerk of the Council in Waiting. Her Majesty
gave audiences to Lord John Russell, the Marquis of
Lansdowne, and Viscount Palmerston. The court was
attended by the Marquis of Anglesey, Gold Stick in Wait-
ing ; Lord Camoys, Lord in Waiting; the Treasurer of the
Household ; the Via-Chamberlain; the Comptroller of the
Household ; and Mr. R. Ormsby Gore, Groom in Waiting.

The Duchess of Kent arrived in town at twelve
o'clock yesterday from her residence, Frogmore House, at-
tended by Sir Oeoiv Couper. Her Royal Highness went
to Buckingham Patios in the afternoon, and partook of
luncheon with the Queen and Prince Albert. The royal
duchess left her residence, Clarence House, St. James's, soon
after three o'clock, and returned to Frogmore House.
The Marquis of Breadalbane and Cu!. the Hon. C.
B. Phipps had the honour of dining with the Queen, yester-
day evening, at Buckingham Palace.
Prince Albert, attended by the Marquis of Abet-
tors, Viscount Chides, and Colonel Bouvene, honoured the
Sacred Harmoaio Society with his presence at their second
performance of Handel 's Oratorio " lsracl in Egypt," at
Exeter-Hall, last evening. The Duke of Wellington occu-
pied a seat in the gallery with his Royal Highness.
The Prinoen Amelia of Hohenlohe Behillingsfurst
arrived at the Priory, Staamore, ea a visit to her Majesty
the Queen Dowager, yesterday, from Fr-gmort.houss,
Windsor.

Mr. G. Ryland (from Quebec) had an interview
with Lord John Raven on Wednesday, at his official real-
deuce in Downing-street.
Bir John Pelly had an interview with Earl Grey
on Wednesday at the Coloniai-office.
Mr. Higham and Mr. Tidd Pratt had an interview
with the Chancellor of the Exchequer yesterday at his
official residence in Downing-street.
Lord Lyttelton and Mr. Wood had an interview
yesterday with Lord John Russell. Lord Ashley had also
an interview with the noble lord yesterday.
Despatches were sent off yesterday evening from
the Colonial-office for the Governors of the West India Colo-
nies, and also for the Governor of Van Diemen's Land.
The Judicial Committee of the Privy Council sat
yesterday and heard an appeal from the Curt of Arches,
" Craig ta. Yarnell." The lords pretest were the Chancellor
of the Duchy of Lancaster, the Bishop of London, Lord
Brougham, sad the Judge of the Admiralty Court. The
case wee adjourned.

THE NEW COMMANDER-IN-CHIEF IN INDIA.—A
short time ago the command of the army in India was
offered to Sir George Napier, but he was compelled to
decline this distinguished poet on account of the precarious
state of his health. We are now able to state that Sir
William G mum has been ordered to proceed to India, to
mums the command-in-chief, in the place of Lord Gough,
whose period of service hes expired.—Globe.—[We were
" enabled to date" that this appointment would in all pro.
bability take place nearly a month ago, ea reference to the
Express of the 6th of February will show.)

COURT OF COMMON COUNCIL.
CoxTINVANCI or THE SXMITIELD NVIOAXCII.

A special court was held on Tuesday and yesterday
on the subject of the removal of Smithfield-market. The
following contain' all the arguments used :
Mr. I. T. NORRIS, on introducing his motion, gm an
historical sketch of Smithfield. Smithfield, he said, was
chosen u a market because it was away from the busy haunt
of men, in the fields, near the inner and outer moor, soon-
siWe on three sides from the country, and well watered, and
yet people are found defending its ointinuance, surrounded
uit is by habitations, on account of to antiquity. If &n-
-eatest wisdom is to be admired, let us have the ancient
principle—a market in the suburbs of London. (Cheerio.)
As a trading speculation, it would be impossible to make a
worse use of your money, your time, or your lend. The
net average annual income for the lest ten years has been
only 4,6571. 4s. 746., whilst on have spent in seven years
42,0351; 16s. 7d. to add about one-fifth more space,
or as a gentleman trading in the vicinity aptly ex-
presses it, to extend a little further that which ought not
to exist at all, and the pretence for all this is, that it encou-
rages trade. How then is it, may I ask, taut all the large
traders in and about this market have put a petition into my
heads praying for its removal ? They net only deny that it
confers advantages, but treat its continuance as a great evil.
It is a fallacy to suppose that it does good to trade—a mere
flimsy excuse maintained with unblushing effrontery.
(Hear.) I proves to canvass this point a little. On market
days until 12 o'clock vehicles cannot psis through Smithfield
because of the presence of the bu‘locks An accurate account
has been taken of all vehicles through on other days;
the daily average is nearly 2„ so that en market days it is
fair to 'appose about that number have to go by some cir-
cuitous route. (Bear.) In consequence, waggons laden
with valuable merchandise are detained, passengers from the
east and north suffer' and often record their dis-
content in the public jouroals; and to relieve the
traffic thus forced into Cheapside and the Poultry,
we have eapmded, or shall expend, upward!' of a million of
money. hen a boast is made that the market sustains
the trade of the district, it is right to see whether the con
dugout consequences of a market in the midst of the city,
are such as would justify the sacrifice its continuance en-
tails; the Royal xchaage has Its attendant satellites,
dealers in bullies and changers of money; the avenues to
the Bank sad the Stock Exchange. are crowded with elegant
shops filled with the most tempting articles of 1 , the
most beautiful and gorgeous apparel • but what of
trade gram up and is encouraged by this market 1 I find
gin -shops, miters of butcher's costume, and dealers in the
ireliments they use. The thieving lieu flourishes here.
I see by the return that the number of pusses taken
into custody for picking pockets and misdemeanors of
every kind amounted in 1846 to 309 three times as
many as were found on the same s in any
of other
part of the metropolis. The 8 eld plan sloes
peeking of the entails together prevents the Poe*
tiniof keeping the diseased and Waged from the
l and healthy, and so contagious diseases are spread
amongst the cattle. This is a most important fea-
ture, more especially as to sheep ; and since we have
had large arrivals of foreign stock, it is indispensable that a
p, rtiotionenaseisymtialepescaoivitadtw4tfonoruthrathiser
fidowerftpectzs.:l4hhwessehriy.m)lonesTle could men-
, disease brought from Smithfield. Is this the trade that
ought to be protected by continuing this as a market ? /3.1 t,
lerthera Ted:yy. genorhetvireailigpend.youtzness,
sir,be doofyo.thueknooowurtthtot
amount
of of money which Omura hands in Smithfield ? I replied

with an estimate of the sum; and be expatiated on its incal-
culable advantages to the nay. Why, that advantage can
be est forth in a few words, and I will not omit a fraction
of the gain accruing. Thera are about 160 or 170 salesmen,
chiefly residents out of town,. who have the profit of their com-
munes' • there are five or am banken, who get a very small
percentage for transmitting the cash to the local bankers and
graziers m the distant parts of the kingdom ; and there are the
drovers, who expend • small sum for gin, baked potatoce,
bludgeoas, and dogs' moat To talk of advantage, from the
mere fact that money "changes hands," is ridiculous.
Vast rums of money daily champ hands in the rotunda of
the Bank of England ; but I see no evidence that any por-
tion of it finds its way into the pockets of the neighbour-
ing citizens. Money changes hands at the gambling houses,
but I never heard of any advantage conferred on the dis-
trict where hells are situate. (Cheers.) I propose, there-
fore, now to take, in conclusion. some notice of a Blue Book,
the evidence before a committee of the House of Commons

gentlemenin 1817. The hors. they TiuiamirToTthe
voluminous evidence against, and of Mr. Deputy Hicks's
evidence in favour of, a continuance of Smithfield, which ha
analysed and criticised minutely. He then entered into the
sanitary branch of the question, and quoted the opinion of
their own medical officer, the gentleman appointed by the
City Commissioners of Sewers, and also that of Mr. Childs,
surgeon to the police force, both of whom declare that epi-
demics will inevitably continue while the cattle market re-
mains in Smithfield. Mr. Norris also proved, from
hospital returns, that the drovers and others em-
ployed in Smithfield are the least healthy and the
shortest lived when compared with men following other
occupations. Some gentlemen, he continued, when they
can no longer resist the weight and reason of testimony
against the continuance of this market in the heart of the
city, talk of a remedy by same further extensive enlarge-
ments. Why, at the rate the last acre has cost, you must
lay out somewhere about 280,0001. to give the space the
Board of Trade decided was necessary, and then However,
only
get rid of one out of many difficulties. (Cheers.) However,
this is impracticable, for parliament would not grant us new
powers, and without the ,auction of the legislature we could
not 'Worts tolls on any new extension. As it is, we cannot
collect the tolls. One firm are indebted largely for tolls and
penege on the new part of the market, and they defy our
power to compel payment. In addition to all this, we have
also a fruitful source of difficulty in the divided police autho-
rity, the extension being generally made out of the city.
(Cheers.) Thieves and low persona of both sexes escape
the vigilance of sue set of men by running away into the
jurisdiction of the other. Taking it merely as a legal
doubt—merely as a question difficult to solve—and
when attempted to get parliament to settle and define our
questioned rights, what are our chances of sumse ? Loak at
oar treatment when before parliament on this question ! In
every attempt we have been foiled. In 1803. 1805, 18(6,
1807, 1808,1809, 1810, and in 1813 and in 1827, we were re-
fusel the help we needed ; and in 1837, in spite of our oppo-
sition and the expenditure of 7,0001. to oppose it, au act was
obtained to establish a rival cattle market in the suburbs.

A committee is appointed, whose unfinished labours will be
again renewed unless we proceed to a remedy. This is the
history of the question in the put. What are our prospects
for the future ? Has parliament changed its well-known
opinion since the appointment of this committee of
the louts in 1837? No, certainly not; every step
taken by that home in relation to questions of
familia import, and In all matters affecting this
question, have been in the same direction, and go to confirm
the impression that " Smithfield must go!" But from this
court we have hardly a single supporter. With four alder-
mni and two officers in the house, we are voiceless and unde-
fended ; but out of this court I defy you to find one who says
that its continuance can be longer tolerated. Look, too, at
the press, that great safeguard of public liberty—that mirror
of the public mind—and see the opinions issuing doily from
this " fourth estate." It demands of us, in the nsme of
humanity, morality, and decency, to provide • remedy.
Then, I ask, to what must all this lead ? Is it to be be-
lieved that. friendless as we are in the House of Commons,
where the issue must be tried ; with such a multitude of an-
tagonists without—everywhere undefended, indeed defence-
less—and with all the talent of the press against us, that we
can maintain our position, and continue to foster aid encou-
rage the vices and cruelties inseparable from a large market
in • small apace, and that space in the midst of a city bout-
inicatself as the centre of civilisation ? I say, No !
Mr. Norris then moved, amiilstloud applause, in the terms
of his motion, for a committee to provide • more convenient
market place.
Mr. T. WHITE seconded Mr. Norris's motion.
Mr. Deputy HICKS did not stand there to deny a truth,
and doubtless the driving of cattle through the straits was an
inconvenience to the public; but then he had to counter-
balance that inconvenience by great public advantages.
(Hear, hear.) Surely the trade of Smithfield, amounting in
his judgment to eight millions sterling, =alive) rota benefit
not only the immediate neighbourhood, but the whole of the
City of London. He was not aware what inconvenience
merchants, bankers and others suffered from entering the
City. Formerly they came in their carriages, and 'nob ibly
might then have complained, but now all came in omnibuses
or calif. But in discussing the question the court ought
to be informed what was really at issue. llu
hon. friend had not told the court what be meant b
the removal of Smithfield, because he boldly told
the court that by removing the market without establishing
compulsory abattoirs, the public inconvenience would be
greatly increased. Let it he removed to lalington or to
Battle-bridge, and for that distance, be it what it might, the
driving of cattle through the streets was doubled.
He was quite sure that abattoir establishments would com-
pel the trading butchers of the metropolis to keep at least
1,400 more men, horses, and carts, and cans* to each three
or four journeys daily backwards and forwards. Change, as
regarded the public convenience, would be manifestly for the
worse. As to the health and safety of the inhabitants be re-
ferred to the evidence of Dr. Boroughs, Mr. Lawrence, Mr.
Paget, and Dr. Lynch, and also to that of many of the inha-
bitants themselves, all of which, he said, showed that Smith-
field was one of the most healthy sytate in the whale me-
tropolis, and that, when the cholera raged in the City in
1832, not one case occurred in Smithfield. (Hear, heir.)
Mr. Gomm having seconded the amendment,
Mr. ANDERTON was decidedly opposed to Mr. Nor-
ris's motion. He thought it would be impos•ible to find a
situation for a market at all comparable to the site of Smith-
-Bel4. He had got up early on that (Tuesday) morning, and
having heard that it was market.day at Islington, he had the
curiosity to go thither, in the expectation of seeing large
droves of cattle, but, to his astonishment, the only animal to
be found there wan himself. (Laughter.) It had
been said in favour of the motion that two-thirds
of the cattle walked over Blackhiar's.bridge. What
benefit would it be then, either to the animal or the
dealer, to be obliged to go two miles farther? (Hear, hear.)
But, after all, the buyers and sellers were the 'but judges;
and were they (the corporation) to drive away the trade of
the City of London, after the evidence given by those best
qualified to decide as to situation? No,—it was their duty
to preserve the great trade of finsithfiedd.
Mr. Bartmocx and Mr. Beam' having spoken in favour
I of Mr. Norria's motion, the court adjourned.
Yesterday the debate was resumed by
Mr. W. JONES who said that the objections which had been
made against the market, on account of the public incon-
venience which it was supposed to occasion, were exaggerated.
Mr. Deputy DIXON (Cripplegate) repeated that, as the
father of a family residing in the vicinity of the market,
he could bear witness that the statement of its inju-
rious effects upon the public health were either greatly ex-
aggerated or wholly untrue. (Hear, hear.)
Mr. WYLIZ and Mr. ELLIOTT supported the resolution.
Mr. R. TAYLOR said it was a gross misrepresentation to
say that the corporation were interested in perpetuating
abuses injurious tti the public ; but who were the public
whose cause interested individuals were so prompt to advo-
cate ? If public opinion might be gathered from what took
place in the House of Commons last year, it was wholly in
favour of the continuance of the market in its present situa-
tion.
Mr. Deputy HARRISON said it had been stated that the
beset markets for the supply of the population of Paris were
several miles from the centre of that city. That was true,
and, as a necessary consequence, the markets were combined
with abattoir* for slaughtering the animals on the spot.
The effect of this system was to drive the small butchers out
of the market, and to throw the trade into the hand, of the
monopolists. (Hear, hear.) He trusted the trade •and corn.
mares of Paris, and the mode of conductin& it :^
branches, would never be made the eubjees imitation in
our commercial arrangemeats is this countey. (Cheers.)
Mr. Deputy STACEY supported the amendment.
Mr. R. LAMBRRT JONSIS said that, while the aorpo-
reaion had been engaged during the last tea years in
pertunewnViyngngoffa:eredaandeni,
hthearrAgewdesinsanuStiaidaiedfthorasailictowEarmollialeattiwofnubarthht bacesczopn7diez,
by the operation of the railroads and the steam nt.mgatten.
which now supplied the dead meat markets with • large
portion of the supply required for the population.
Mr. Pastime and Mr. 11. L. TATUM spoke in favour of
flu amendment. The court, however, became hapatient,, in
consequence of the praised= of the debate. to so late an
hour.—Mr. Nonni' replied, and his motion MI
Negatived without a division.

THE MIDDLESEX MAGISTRATES.
A meeting of the magistrates ca[ the county of
Middlesex. took place yesterday at tha Sessions-house, on
Clerkenwell-green, for the transaction of the financial and
other butanes@ of the county. There was as unusually full
attendance of magistrates. The chairman, Mr. Pownall, took
the chair at 12 o'clock.
The minutes of the last court, haring been read, the
Deputy Clerk of the Pesos laid b.,fere the court several bills
end other papers presented toroliament which might affect
the interest of ,the county.lvs having been done, the
court Proceeded to execute a mortgage 01 the county rate fot
the sum of 23,5001. for ems additional asylum at Colney
Batch, pursuant to a ref Anion of the court in the month of
July lest. The money was ordered to be invested in Exche-
quer Bills.
_sae couirry P 1160115.
_ -

Mr. MAUDE, the deputy clerk of the peace, then ore-
'anted the report of the visiting justices of the House of Cor-
rection, at Cold Balk-fields. The report stated that from the
Ist of January, in theloresent year, the daily average number
of proionershad been 1,264, but on the 9th of last month
there were, includir4 25 children,l,4o2 prisoners in cuslhdy,
of whom 196 r.raTee and 66 females were committed
for en
the TplErfri', thatece containedburtke great st
at one time. (f)3foPgrri::: an
enoess over Pa. number of poisoners the prison is capable of
properly frcommodating, crested considerable inconvenience
and oto".:n difficulty in finding sleeping room for them, which
Wee only accomplished by .placing beds on Ike door and on
the work boards in the tailors' shops. This day there are,
exclusive of 22 children, 1,237 prisoners Ti. , 975 males and
262 females 243 of whom are employed in various handi-
crafts, &c. 'The report gave a satmfactory account of the
general health of the prisoners,

• ilia' dieraisios ensued on prisons and prison discipline,
which, however, led to no practical re ult except the recep-
doe and adoption of the report.
By the report of the Westminster Bridewell it appeared
there were 149 male and 216 female prima'," and
20 childree, 'ad et that number 191 males had 46
yanks were nanamittest ea vagrants. Os the 14th inst.
them was a estal of 906 primmer, exclusive of 17 children,
the greatest samba that at any one time has been
in the prima siege its eeemies. Of that number 131 males sad
36 !hauls were eavermff. One ease of asters, sumer
bill treated, hal esammei *iag the pest mash, and now
the general health el the Isishailinsat wee milelhemey.
The meet wee then rudest am& elope&
The report from the Maw of Delman rhea data
that it 'tasteless! 104 mile and 51 Web peleame. the
daily average being 12$. The Amities manias* ream-
waded certain alterations in the allevramee et bleed is the I
priesams, the quads, being radiated to the stele ebeereed
et the Roue et Correction.
Mr. LAURIE asked why was the Wass built at all ?
The old pion was bat built is 1818 ,_but was pulled down
to make way fee the present one. That was • job with the
Home-oNee en the one part, but the other loony he would
rather not name. It was • job to got • salary for an at-
eistent-judge. (t_t
_Went.)
Mr. PO WNALL vacated the chair, and warmly de-
holdel the beach from the imputation of jobbery thrown
epos it by Mr. Laurie, for, he said, the imputation was, in
else, that that mart had expended 36,0901. of the mosey
of the ratepayen of Middlesex in eider to get from the
How Secretary the appointment of Mr. Serjeant Adams as
the joke of that court. There never was an appointment,
lien or otherwise, that had given so much general catkin- ,
feed= as that of the assistant judge.
Mn. LAURIE said he had toe highest possible considers-
den foe the services of Mr. fierjeast Adams ; but what he
aid he would repeat, with this alteratioe, that for the word
:job" he would aubmitute the more &Beate plume of
frrILAII eresidered what Mr. Lamle lad said a gross
ealaasny beds upon that court sad the garernment vi-
staed to.
CcI.T.WOOD rowed, as an assma diet the report
be rent beck to the einemittee, with fee them to
*midst whether the pawn egad male em melted at lets ex-
pense and with asmsOsrrleteiteieeea
Some further' elwasece tea plea, use which the amend-
ment was rejected sad the report received and adopted.
ARAXDOEUNT OP TRI PROPOSAL to =ICI A PAW
ROVSS OP muumuu.
Mr. WILKB bad given nodes et his intention to move the
following reselation. the diet of whiels, if eanied, would
have been the mmilemmetlg• Otis hem d ereleaties
Shot • eumble• le ebreblei. Se be oil Sr Mum Clameltsee
La area see Ain be •
Alike vomit). le mahlit• the serf. mode
te em el• *kW eller aidrovia iltolodular biome
et
emeemei• punt are Mbar In% theleedsgew is re-
oda, lbe dilspeelesidsee owl, es-
latemel. fogeseeetemlethet
mob essubsi is be tap eters
Nite le=
dame. int Ile mum 11461. 1161 Wilpsets
ethane= Ea be bee eureolsh lowed. NA ems-
be sernedisi le meek wile isty inibbesle et NW
Meg le simmullelee with bar Illimere pestroolh M era la-
nlitths elellettelleee dumb Biel% ash NT ether puttee, at
itackne le okaylebeemeibb sea Miele lbe early atop
Ilia dm memo Wm mile he Esmond. That ley repel ea
wide emeriblee may agile um gdalel dreaillsi la
the end owner *the au.abrises atheism% ast he Ms bile
emblenticet at the 011 it WM. es, 1118 dissokills of met,
wet.
Mr. WILL mid that the disaelhat glib had hakes
lira weld hare telly *ISA Ids la seeedag lashea
as the allulits et the mirk bat it was set- hie lateMea le
de es at ppeuM. (Rear, beer.) Kr. Charles Form bad
gives muss at bit (stashes to move for a euesulthe of la-
the prima dbelelleeeithe aresizy, mad than =
that bad WE.. sleet la the Nam et Lerk mad
ma Whistles tram hit amp Orsr, it typeset that the
gererameat *odd lake up entail' lausases Maths be
=.llt weld thud= be pressman, beim the lose el
.sawn., be eater en the diessidea spa this meths,
leessee, with the mum et those esaleseplated Iftaleits be-
hes this, the radio woad be la et Wiff later-
nodes se so the nal state dery glean (Hear, Mar.)
Kr. LAURIE heed thl Ida peat eadelletisa, and he
would add that Thomas tubes bat nodes of a no-
ilia ea the ipablest et the el othailerr. Re
(Kr. Ueda) weld wleteraw the Erotism be had gives
aides el ea ea enemies le Kr. Vibe. (Neer.)
The modems wen elthilaws.
Oa. WOODe Wise of a modes le the Ant thee
the *Mae el the Kean et Details be ladeselsi
e Jaya* w that pima west be imaged at lee
met and with a his erase if Anse Visa at ailment.
The CHAIRIW6 again' that the Adel elabmast
the means of this Oen bed net hem hid bays the out
la essergasase ef the beekrej4ey of the ems" Oahe.
Os the reetlea et Eh P. Lassie it was raeohat " nat
any nemerial sr emmakelisa foes the selogspise et the
meaty be read lamallelely agar the ordinary
ti oper
vlshiagjentieee the mug ph r% el the
ew."
gems farther beim et a restine abereeter was bear
Mod, and the emit adJearaed.