The Express.
London, England, 1847-02-15 00:00:00

IRELAND.

DUBLIN, Fas. 13.
Cork still maintains its dreadful supremacy in des-
titution. The Cork Reporter, of Thursday, contains
the condensed evidence on eleven inquests in the town
of Mallow. On the preceding Monday there were
forty-four corpses in one of the workhouses of the
city; and on the Wednesday following, one hundred
interments took place. Four hundred is stated to be
the weekly mortality of two unions—Skibbereen and
Bantry. With this fearful state of things, when the
country invokes the speedy aid of the government, the
threatened resignation of ministers has excited the
most intense apprehensions. Such a disaster, at such
a crisis, would be the greatest calamity that ever
befel this country.
The Reproductive Employment Committee have
been for some days in deliberation on the ministerial
measures, particularly the revised poor-law. The
fruits of their combined counsel at length appear in a
series of resolutions. The committee—
Admit the neoeailty of providing relief for the tem-
porary distress; but they protest against the justice
' and expediency of presshg through the legislature the
proposed amendment of the Irish poor-law, without
previously laying before parliament all the measures
intended for the relief of the present distress in Ireland.
The committee express their apprehensions that the enor-
mity of the evil which sprang up in England under the
Elizabethan poor-law, is aot less imminently dangerous to
this country, and that all constitutional means should be
adopted to playact the proposed Poor-law Amendment Bill
from becominf law. They recommend the workhouse as the
test of destitution—u the only stringent test that can be
applied to distinguish between destitution and imposition—
that there should be no legal right of relief—that the provi-
Skala of the proposed measure are objectionable, because
they would impose the Nuns burden of taxation on proprietors
who expend their incomes in the improvement of their
estates, as en those who disregard the duties of proprietor-
ship, and they urge that the area of taxation should be
small in extent ; that it would be unfair that the support of
the poor should be exclusively charged upon land, whilst all
other reproductive capital should escape taxation ; and the
mpg that all persons deriving income out of land should
bear their charge of the poor rate. The warmest thanks of the
eoulaittee were passed to Lord George Bentinck, for what
they designated his well devised measure for the encourage-
ment of railways in Ireland, and a petition to parliament
was unanimously adopted, praying that the bill brought into
both houses for the encouragement of an extended system of
railway communication in Ireland, might be passed into law.
At the meeting of the Royal Agricultural Society,
on Thursday, a discussion took place on the quantity
of seed required for green this Benson. Nearly
800,000 Irish acres were calculated to have been under
potatoes last year, and in consequence of the difficulty
of obtaining seed, only one-fourth of that number,
or 200,000, were calculated to be under potatoes this
year. The remaining 600,000 acres must then be
sown with some green crop besides the potato. Apa-
thy and the public works have also diminished the
accumulation of manure below the usual amount, the
consequence of which will be that a large portion of the
600,000 will remain altogether unoown, without the
application of artificial manures. Last year only
about 60,000 or 10,000 acres were sown with turnips,
and this year at least seven or eight times that
breadth of land must be sown with turnips and other
green crops, to provide for the cattle next winter;
consequently, the supply of manure in 1848 will be
less even than in this year. The result at which the
council of the Society has arrived, is that the Irish
landlords should supply their tenants with guano,
+bone- duet, and other artificial manures, and that it is
the duty as well as the interest of all those who are
connected with the country by official station, or as
ponsessors of property, to endeavour to procure
sack a supply of seed as may be requisite,
and to take steps for ascertaining the quan-
tity now available. The letter of Messrs. Keel-
ing and Hunt would imply that potato seed is not to
be had, at any price. A Belfast merchant has assured
a friend of mine that swain abundance may be had,
if the price be given. He stated that he would him-
self undertake to supply seed to plant the entire pro-
vince of Ulster, at 131. per ton. The price is enor-
mous, and, with the chances of another failure, the
smaller description of farmers, and many of the
higher, would not incur the cost and risk.
A philanthropic Quaker, Mr. Robinson, of Clara-
mills, addresses his " esteemed Mend" the Premier
on the waste reclamation scheme, of which he highly
approves. In 1838 he took 100 acres of ploughing
bog, which now produces better grass than he has
seen in the neighbourhood of London, with excellent
crops of potatoes, turnips, oats, mangel, &c. Seven
years repaid the outlay. There are four essential
conditions, he says, to bog improytrment—eneerise,
to keep the surface dry ; marlingjb add weight to the
soil and bring on vegetation; manure, to stimulate
marl and bog ; and water convenient to be acted on
by the sun in summer. Mr. Robinson recommends also
to his " esteemed friend " the extension of the 43rd
Elizabeth, which " mast vastly increase the prove-
rity of the country and the income of the landlords;"
and an equitable tenantry bill, to mecum the value of
improvements for thirty years.
The following have been appointed commissioners
for the relief of distitution : —Sir J. Burgoyne ; Sir
R. Routh ; Mr. Redington ; Col. Jones, of
Board of Works ; Mr. Twisdeton, Resident Poor-law
nmimioner ; and Col. WOregor, Inspector- General

of Constabulary.
The run on the " road nuisance? is still tremen-
dous. The Gazette of lest night contains proclama-
tions for 16 additional sessions. The rush may be
ascribed, not toe desire to take undue advantage of
State liberality, but to bring works already in opera-
tion to a close before the seed time begins, so as to
leave all hands free for spring labour.
A Clare landlord has lately impeached the accuracy
of your "Dublin correspont," as though he toe
a malicious pleasure in conspiring with Captain
Wynne to strip the class to which he belongs of their
vod name as the true friends of the poor. I know
Captain Wynne only by his public conduct. MT
estimate may have been erroneous in the opinion a
the Clare landlord ; it is at least fully established by
the only organ of public opinion in that county, tke
Clore Journal:
We venture to say, in reference to this county in general,
that many and gross abuses have existed, which if aot per-
petrated by committees so a body—they were at least
eonnived at when perpetrated by individual mem-
bers ; and many •• poor and friendless man in the
county of Clare has bad reason to bless the exertions made
by Capt. Wynne on his behalf—while soli interest too often
induced those whose duty it was to pay more attention to
his case, to give the preference to a more favoured butler
deserving object. He was undoubtedly while in this county
not merely tea friend of the poor, but the friend of the
" poorest of the poor." And in making this assertion we
know, from the knowledge which, as a public journalist, we
felt it our duty to obtain of his public conduct—that we only
do him • common act of justice.
The weather, which has been uncommonly severs
for the last four days, with a frost exceeding in inten-
sity any we have had in this country for many years.
shows eymptoms of a break up this evening. Since
twelve o clock a thaw has set in.
The Warder of this day contains the following
corroboration of my statement in the Express of
F There is now little, if any, doubt that the venerable Judge
Burton has determined to retire from the hoods, and it is
generally understood that he will be sacceeded by the Attor-
ney-General. If we are not =Misheard, ccrourreatly
Bar-
with
or immediately au neat to the resignation of Judge
ton, Yr. Croker Barrington will be appointed to the ogee of
Crown Solicitor.
The Marquis of Waterford, in addition to very ex-
tensive employment in drainage, has ordered the per.
chaos of Indian corn to the amount of 4,0001., to he
retailed at prime cost, and a portion to be distributed
,to the destitute of the district around Curraghmore.

GLLWAY ELicrlow.—The nomination took place yester-
day, at eleven o'dvak, the sheriff of the town presiding.
O'nah_ertY. the repeal candidate, was proposed by Mr.
Arthur ifelWi; a load magistrate, and seconded by Mr.
=go tanner in the town. Yr. Lachlan Maclachlan
. the Solicitor-Genera, Mr. Monahan, and his nomi
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=am was mesaded by Mr. Rickard Lynch. Kr. Mae

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