The Express.
London, England, 1849-08-13 00:00:00

the eporttig.

depression, the (nth ry trade has for some month, pre.
sent, d symptoms of progressive impmvement.
It is not by the manufacturing capitalist■ alone tho
the benefit of this revival is experienced. Ifs advae.
tages are being diffused through every du, of
society. There has been an advance of e,w,„
in several departments at Bradford. The 14.
chine-makers to Leeds, and the card•manafs,
turers at Cleskheaton have been called into
active employment by the exleoded demand for rag.
nnfactures. At Leeds the payments to the poor, boh
by the township end the trades unions, nave be"
much reduced in consequence of the greater numbers
who are able to get work. The villages round brad.
I,rd and other great manufacturing centres are per.
ticipating in the renovated prosperity of their market
towns. _ _

OUTGOING MAILS.
Malls Ur British North America and the United States
will be made up on the evening of August 17.
The West India Mails, excluding Bermuda, Havana,
Nassau, Honduras, New Orleans, and Mexico, and excluding
those for Madeira, St. Jnan-dellicararta, New Granada,
Chili, and Peru, will be made up on August 17.
The mails fur Vigo, Oporto, Lisbon, Madeira, Cadis, and
Gibraltar, will be made up on August 17.
The mails for Gibraltar, Malta, Greece, the lonian Islands,
*opt, Callon, India, and China, via Southampton, will
be made np on the morning of the 20th of August.
The mails, via MlLFlRiliell, to the Mediterranean, Egypt,
Oeyli,n, India, Hong-Kong, &e., will be made up on
Atmtust 24.
The malls far Madeira, the Brazils, end Buenos Ayres,
will be made up on Sept. 4.

The Leeds Mecury, comrnen'ing upon this stets of
affeire, attributes the revival mainly to two caues -
the cheapness of food and re.e-tabliehmect of cot;
partitive tranquillity in meat European conutriee. The
official average pnoe of wheat during the sir
weeks ending. on the 26th of July lasi
was 475. 2d. ; its average price during the s:
ponding six weeks of 1847, when trade was so mash
depressed, was 81s. 3d. It stands to reason that the
low price of food should benefit manufactuies • 16
less the bulk of the population have to pay for Prose.
gone the more they can afford to spend on clothier
Again : the price of wheat during the six weeks ma:
ing 26th July, 1848, was 48s. 4d., not materially
different from the as forage price of the correeponessi
period of the present year; but at that time Melees;
of Europe was either convulsed or psralyeee. Tei
improvement in our trade has kept pace with the
return of tranquillity on the continent, see the
extreme activity witnessed at this moment in Brad-
ford is owing to large purchases by foreign houses con.
sequent on the prospect of the Danish blockade betel
raised. The preservation of peace, the exteusiou of
our commercial relations, and cheap food, are theme
ditions of England's prosperity.
There is every remain able prospect that the present
satisfactory state of our home affairs will outlaw&
The harvest is now in fall operation tl.roarhout du
southern and midland counties, and its promise is
magnificent. Trade is reviving throughout Europe,
end the European markets are very bare of &glee
goods. Across the A:lentie matters are in quite se
favourable a position. The proclamation of the Pre-
sident of the Unit_d States, meeting by a declare
tion of reciprocity, the enactments of oar new nevi.
gation law, es as daily expected when our Ltest den
pitches were sect off from New York. The trade cir.
oilers of Bombay for May and June show a large and
growing demand for the goods of Manchester.
We are not so presumptuous as to deny the pee.
bility of future reverses. The renewal of civil sad
international broils on the continent could not bit
affect this country disadvantageously. Pe siiieue ud
dearth, those terrible and inscrutable visitationsof
Providence, are alwcys within the range of polihei.
ties. Excessive speculation, the vice of propene
times, would, under any circumstances, spread die
trees and ruin around. But with common pre.
dance on the part of traders, there is every
reason to anticipate a ieeEtheted period of
prosperity for our country, if the liberal CuMMUCiIi
policy which has been gaming ground of late yeus be
persisted in, rind if cur rulers succeed in preikivingu
from embroilment in foreign wars.
Peace is the true policy of Britain. We say this
in no callous lack of sympathy for the efforts of ether
peoples to attain for themselves the blessings of free
institutions. It is not by engaging in armed crusades
that Great Braila eau promote civil liberty thrcuh•
out the world ; there are surer metes of
effecting that end. When Prime 11. wu
fittteg out his Armada, he applied for a leanto the merchants of Genoa. Thos.: high-minded re
publicans refused moneys which would hove bees
used against their friend and ally ELIZISEiII of
England, and their refusal materially crippled the
exertions of the arrogant despot. What the mer-
chants of Genoa then did for England, the me
chants of England can now do to a much greatee
extent for the freemen of Europe, wherever they are
arrayed against the unholy alliance of despots.
To the maundering of the few organs of protection
in the press, the facts upon which we have been
dilating afford a sufficient answer. That no
such answer is required by the parliamentary leaders
of the protectionist faction is sufficiently apparent
from their anxiety to shelve the question throughout
the late session. An evening ocean of the parry
sadly declared about a week ago its conviction the
neither free-traders nor protec ionists were in ewrnee
in their professions, In so far as its own party is cue
eerned, the journal in question. oueht to ki.uw belt;
and its confeeeion of the insincerity of its friends
we most potently believe.

WATE& AT LONDON BRIMS
Tao D•t—
]f
=la6, Afternoon, 9 Ws. Pm, 9.
T•Pleennen—NAnsis& Cram pig 0; .fll Eau pin lu.

LONDON, MONDAY, AUGUST, 13, 1849.

THE King of Pitmans did not speak in person his
speech to his parliament upon its opening. We are
not surprised that he should shrink from it. A con-
stitution for the third or fourth time altered, Schles-
wig eacrifieed after a fruitless effusion of blood to the
interests of non-German powers, an evident quailiog
before the formidable and menacing alliance of the
two absolutist courts, whilst all to be boasted of was
victory over Germans, nay over German liberals,
who, however mistaken and foolish, might plead great
and jest provocation for their folly—these were no
themes for a royal month, and were more fitly en-
trusted to that of the Cabinet-adjutant, Count BRAN-
DENBURG.
And yet the royal speech is very unlike Count
BRANDENBURG. For it is neither stupid, nor illi-
beral, nor reactionary. Concerning Prussia itself it
says little, the monarch not committing himself with
a chamber, which, in purely Prussian affairs, is ler-
happier* royaliste qua le Bat. But it speaks out on
the subject of Germany.
Tne most striking feature in the speech, indeed, is
the subordinate part, which Prussia as a separate
state plays in it. The eyes and anxieties of the
framers of that speech are evidently not confined to
the reconstitution of Prussia itself, within the scope
and limits that 1815 assigned to it; they are turned
much nioro eagerly towards the great German family
and empire, of which the re-organisation is considered
as the grand object of the day, the only one worthy
of the thought of either the prince or the parliament.
After the very first paragraph, indee the speech rives
into the difficult questiuns of the new empire. It re-
presents the future prospects cf Prussia as completely
hound up in the success of the imperial constitution ;
and it entreats the members of the Prussian Chamber
not to pursue a merely local policy, but to take Ger-
man and comprehensive views, directing their own
acts to the establishment, not merely of a Prussian,
but of a great German state, and judging the KING'S
by their bearing on this great object.
The speech pays a just tribute to the intelligence
and the patriotism of the Frankfort parliament, with
which it might have added that Prussia was chiefly
prevented from coming to an agreement by the in-
trigues of Austria, hostile alike to all schemes of
either German unity or German freedom.
The moat remarkable of the royal declarations is
that in favour of a Voila-verb-dung, or popular repre-
sentation for Germany, as the great fouudation of its
unity and liberty. What gives more importance
to this, is the well-known fact of Russia and
Austria having entered into a close offensive and
defensive alliance, of which one of the fundamental
principles is to allow of no assemblies in their domi-
nions, or within the sphere of their influence, that are
other than senatorial or consultative. In ether words,
all assemblies must be chosen by the crown, or from
lists furnished by the crown, and are to be coneulta-
five, permitted to offer advice, but not endowed with
legislative power.
As to bvitiloN and his constitution, bath have
fallen into imbe.ility, and been set aside toge-
ther. The principles of Schwartaenberg are those
of Russia, with the exception that the Aus-
trian provinces will have the semblance of
a constitution, estates without legislative power.
Such we shall find established in Lombardy by BA.
DETBKI : and such we shall find established in Rome
by his worthy compeer, OUDINGT. For it is ef.dent
that BARRor and locciuzvithz are but the accom-
plices of the Austrian and Russian league against
Italian liberty, not, as they pretended, the liberal an-
tagonists.
The part of defender of constitutional liberty which
France has wilfully flung away, and which England
is not in a position to play, Prussia seems reedy to
take up. We say " seems ready," for we cannot for-
get the sudden and the many changes of the
Prussian King, with the various metamorphoses
of his policy. Neither should we give credit to the
beat intentions, when each creatures as BRANDENBURG
and MANTEMEL are to be the executors and the
instruments. We speak, therefore, with much re-
serve, in saying that the royal speech spoken at the
opening of the Prussian Chamber does indicate the
taking up the constitutional cause and flag against
the absolutist ones, when cannon-wheels are
still, thank heaven, stuck fast in the mo-
rasses of the Theiss. If they sink there, the cause
held up by Prussia is able to thrive cf itself, and
to elevate Prussia or its dynasty upon its rising tide.
But should the Hungarians succumb—France re-
maining, as she is under the &ABBOT ministry, traitor
to the liberal cause in Europe—then the struggle of
Prussia will be a difficult one.
The question, too, is, how the King of PRUSSIA
allowing him the credit of all prestut good intentions
—has left himself liberty to pursue them? He has
in a rade and precipitate manner strangled
chambers and emstitutione which pushed him to hie
moderate libentiitm. Has he not new fallen into the
opposite extreme, and gut climbers and cunstitittions
which will impel him in an absolutist and reactionary
sense? The military and the functionary elements
predominate in the present chamber, owing to the
liberal party having withdrawn in disgust and despair
, from the elections. Can the King of FRUSSIA make
German liberals oat of Prussian tories ? That is the
question which the first week or two of debates and
eivisions will enable us to ascertain, and for the
answer to which we look with the very greatest
anxiety.
Should the majority of the Prussian chamber sup-
port the views of the King, no time will be lost for
the summoning of another German parliament, from
which, indeed, Bavaria and Austria have already de-
clared their dissidence. These powers meditate a
counter-parliament at Itatiebon. Bavaria has, indeed,
ceased to be a German state. It retires from the
German to join the Austrian and Italian Zollverein.
As the scale of duties in the latter is infinitely
higher, and as Bavarian finances were greater
gainers than the Spinets of any other power
by its junction with the Zollverein, the greatest die-
content, financial as well as political, will pervade all
classes of Bavarians against what the King has done.
But his Majesty has made provision fur this by
stipulating that Austrian troops shall occupy Bavaria,
the Russians at the lame time continuing to occupy
Hungary, the conquest of which is taken for granted.
We shall thus have Europe divided into two camps,
the united ceases of absolutism and prohibition in the
one, of constitutional government and comparatively
free trade in the other. There is no hesitation as to
which aide shall command the sympathies of the
ailßritish public.
41.

FRANCE.

SATtRDAY, 5.30 P.M,
The disgraceful scene th it occurred in the Legie
lative A'.sembly yesterday is the topic of cemnont
and deserved reprobation from every portion of the
press this morning. It Is universally agreed that the
act of M. Pierre Bonaparte is aggravated by the feet
that M. Goofier, the member whom he treated
shamefully, is an old man of 72, whose grey hale
should have saved him from aggression, even thoogh
he had made use of the term " imbecile," which he
denies having applied to M. Pierre Bonaparte. Nor
is the conduct of M. Dupin free from blame in this
matter, and free comments are made on his caning
the aggrieved party, as well as the aggressor, to be
placed separately in places of confinement, a meanie
very unlike justice in the case of M. Gutitr.
Many versions are given of the affair; suffice it to
say that all at once a tumult was heard on the left,
just behind the minis:trial benches, and then a met
violent scene might be witnessed. The members all
hurried round an elderly representative, who op
peered in the utmost agitation, and on whom Mr
friends were lavishing aid and consolation ; other
members rushed from the right. The ushers ran op
to stop the tumult, but the crowd bad in a moment
' become so compact, that they were unable to effect
their object. A number of members were then seen
all struggling together—several of the left cashed
over the seats to reach the scene of confutfon—a large
stick was handed down, but was seized by a member
on its passage, and flung away—the whole assembly
was by this time on foot—the confusion was of the moa
painful description—and the President put on hie ha:to
intimate that the sitting was suspended. The struggle
however went on, without any one at first seeming to
know what it was all about, when, at the end of nearly
10 minutes, the ushers and some of his friends suecced.
lug in leading M. Pierre Bonaparte out of the chow
her, the members of the demos crowd gradually ter
closed their hold, and with disarranged dress, heated
faces, and exasperated looks, withdrew to their placer.
The word imbecile had been used, and M. Pico
Bonaparte had given a box on the ear to M. Gamier
All this had passed in afe seconds, and thea arca
the scene of confusion which we have described. A
glass of water was brought to M. Meatier, whoop
petered quite overcome ; he bathed his face in it ore
ral times. It was some time before the agitation
subsided, though the members had returned to the'r
seats. At last the President took off his hat, and car
parative silence was restored.
The question of provocation was elicited to-day be
fore the juges ,'instruction, and two witnesses waoat
on each side of M. Chestier affirm that it is he rely"
used the word " Imbecile," which led to the blo"
given by M. Pierre Bonayiarte. The latter wrote*.
letter to M. Dapin to-day, begging that the juttiee.V
the country may take its course against him.
intends to rely in his defence upon the law of 1819,
NEARLY a month has elapsed since we directed which takes provocation given as an attenuating en
attention to the improved condition of the cotton cumstance,ilrisonment. In the assembly today,
renders the accused liable to fine esl,
manufacturing diatricts. The improvement, we were I and not ith
authorised to state by parties extensively engaged
tepresident read a requisitoire of the Procureur do
in commerce, was of that steady and healthy ens.- pnblique. M. Baroche demanding authorisatice
ratter, that warrants the expectation of permanence. prosecute M. Pierre Bonaparte, permission d. 7
The latest • intelligence from the great central of granted unanimously, and thopresident then
the woollen and linen onanullecturee ra Yorkshire is, letter already referred to. Laying aside the queen.o
:
rea
if premible, ,more deeidedly favourable. At Leeds 44 provocation, there seems no doubt in any of
them M rest activity every branch of the woollen press as to the mode of eharacterieing the act that b.
trade ; the stocks of goods are low, . the orders on created aty.ninck twat.
band ettilleteee, the machinery.isfully employed. The Chamber, loiter disposing of the matter bet "tat
Zateld and in all the valle of the hills not present at the assembly, though the
axse ' are all running full-time. At M. Chestier and his opponent, who, by the war, tra
whisk separate Varkahire,_ from •ei the commenced the discussion of a project of law tent.
/Ma manufacture Mis orate. of vat aotivitY.' to attenuate the effects of a .deeree palled by rile tent.
The wonted manufacturer@ at Halifax/ oaeiSl2lle7iand visinuel griaernetent with' regard to certain goo..
Bingley have experienced great and rteady improve- °seem nu hoe had pieta these officers en
meat. „Sawicz, Xnaleatorough and the. of *big list; whilst dry were yet within the COol;
the WAS, the Bata 61.0alaieen tilanafacturc, enjoy a. of iegthieoserkg, infhorilaw pane& by a lard.
brisk traria. Th. inpuivainent is not confined to din jetit7o.« • 1..!A •141. •" •
textile manufeaturve of Yorkeltire&.. AR. Sheffield, :Ithelpreeilkete, *Amy .41e, hi) inlnhert,,
where trade is always slow to revise attar a period of punning the coarse he has down, of cow"
other Ist