The Express.
London, England, 1848-10-24 00:00:00

ITALY.

The Corriere Mercantile of Genoa, of the 17th, has
advices from Milan up to the 16th, stating that Ra-
detzki having demanded six millions from the city
within three days, and ordered the Potesta Bassi to
fled them, the latter immediately resigned.
The Piedmontese Gazette of the 19th, under date
of Ancona the sth, says, letters from Venice announce
that the steamer S. Maria has been engaged by two
Austrian steamers of war, and that the latter, much
injured, have pat into Trieste.
The Opinione of the 19th publishes an order of the
day of Marshal Radetzki, dated from heed quarters at
Milan, the 12th, having the object to inspire confi-
dence in the soldiers with regard to the affair of
Vienna.

GERMANY.
THE STATE OF AUSTRIA.

Our intelligence from Vienna reaches to the
18th inst.

It appears from the proceedings of the Diet, which
we give below, that the deputation sent to seek an
interview with the Emperor at Olmutz saw Ferdi-
nand on the 15th. His answer was vague; he said
he was glad that the Diet was using all its endea-
vours to oppose anarchy, and he would try on his
part to do the same. This answer seemed unsatisfac-
tory to the Diet, which on the 17th sent a third
address, stating the removal of the troops from
the whole of Lower Austria, and the nomination of a res-
ponsible ministry, were the sine qua' non of maintenance
of peace at Vienna. Thus matters are still in doubt.
Meanwhile no engagement between the Hungarians
and Croats has taken place. Schuselka declared in
the Diet that the committee (of safety) could not and
durst not act on the offensive : whilst remaining
merely on the defensive, Vienna would be adhering to
the constitutional principle, and keeping on mo-
narchical ground. It results from this that the per-
manent committee, notwithstanding the military
ardour of the Viennese, are either afraid or unwilling
to carry things to an extreme. The Emperor has, it
is said, ordered his lieutenant not to act on the
offensive against Vienna, whatever they may do with
respect to Pesth.
The commandant of the national guard at Vienna
issued placards on the 16th, announcing that the
Hungarians, under Generals Czanyi and Monza, bad
crossed the frontiers, and that they were in full march
against Jellachich. The placard adds that there
woulj be a sanguinary contest near Vienna, and that
the commandant had on that account posted a strong
force near the Belvidere. The advancing Hungarian
army was set down at 66,000 men.
Jellaohich on the 16th had made a reconnoissance
towards Nosedorf, which is on the Danube, higher up
than Vienna. On the 17th he was moving through
Behwachat, the plain where the BOrsen Halle faßiely
announced the Hungarians to have pitched their

camp.
The Viennese have fortified the Leopoldsberg.
Many adhesions have arrived from the provinces.
Carinthe had summoned a provincial kind tag, or diet,
but in subordination to the Viennese Assembly. •
Part of the force under Windiachgehtz had arrived
on the 17th at Lundenbueg, a station on the Prague
and Vienna railway. It was said that be would
move towards Freeburg. Should this tarn out to be
his intention, his only object would be to cross the
Danube, not to march towards Pesth.
Its asserted by the Brealauer Zeitung that the
English and French ambassadors had arrived at
()inside.
Herr Messenhanser, the provisional commander-
in-chief of the national guard, has entrusted to the
renowned Lieut.-General Bent (tor so the latter is
called by Herr Messenhauser) the inspection and
organisation of all the lines and outer rampart. of the
city.
It was rumoured in Vienna on the 18th that the
minister Hornboetel had been sent a prisoner to Spiel-
burg. This is hardly possible, unless the Emperor is
quite decided to treat the Viennese as rebels and out-
laws. It was also positively asserted that the Em-
peror had despatched two couriers to Russia.
According to intelligence from Cracow of the 17th
October, orders had been received there on the 15th
to send all the artillery and cavalry from Lemberg,
Przemyal, Rzeschow, and Tarnovo, to Vienna.
The following is a report of the proceedings of the
Diet during the 13th, 16th, and 17th.
In the sitting of the 16th, Schuselka, as reporter to the
committee, said : There are no new occurrencesthLtiaorte .
The Rungsrian army seems not to have as yet the
Austrian frontier. It is said that cannonade is moment
heard towards the frontier, but that is only rumour. The
state of our internal affairs is firmer. The national guards
, and other armed corps are young in organisation. In the
bight se received two telegraphic despatches: the tint,

from Lazenski, stating that the Emperor had ruched 01-
mii e; the aec md, from the Deputy Fischer, suit% that
the d, potation at the head of which he is had also arrived at
GlmOte and was to have an audience of the Emperor on the
next day at 11 o'clock.
Umlaoft.—lt affords me much pleuurc to be the first
to express the sense of the Bohemian population. In Top.
lice a meeting of Germans was held on the 10th inst., is
which it was decided to send an address to the Diet, calling
on that body on no ac omit to abandon their *eats; a vote of
' confidence in the ministry was paned ; and in aue Vienna
I should abandon tho cause of Germany (die Deutsche sache),
,1 to trust In the Vicar of the Empire.
1 After a debate raised on the subject of the misrepresents.
lion of certain facts alleged to have occurred in Vienna,
and which had been published in certain Bohemian and Mo-
ravian journals, Pillersdorf rose and said—The regular
course of the Diet has been interrupted for the tart ten dap.
The committee of safety has samara the conduct of affairs.
It is now time that the house should return to the object for
which it was convened.

In the sitting of the 16'h, the President Smolka, having
taken the chair at half past four, stated that tit.... !Roister of
Finance had sent a letter to the seat of the court of Olmiits,
asking why an answer had not yet been received from the de-
putation. Wiser, one of the members, had been sent Ly special
train with this letter, but meanwhile news from the &pulse
don bad arrived. Schurelka then read the contents of the
despatch received by telegraph from Olo.iitz, at Ploridsdorf,
the nearest station to Vienna, ea the Prague and Vienna
Railway. From the Diet's deputy, Fischer, to the terms-
nent committee of the Diet. Y. sterday (15th iust.), half.
put mix. we had an audience of the Emperor, who gave the
following answer to the deputation :—" I see, with pleasure,
from the address of the Diet which you have br .ught me,
that it has in view the welfare of all the people of the Aus-
trian realm, and I am most grateful for the endeavours of
the Diet to oppose anarchy. I shall, on my part, do every.
thing to restore the peace which is so necessary to the car
tal, and to afford to the Diet the utmost p)ssible security or
its future undisturbt d deliberations.

fichueelka contnued : From Kommetan (Bohemia) an
address has been sent to the Diet, in which the assurance is
given that its call wilt be attended to, and that life and pro-
perty will be sacrificed to the good et the fatherland. An-
other address has coma from Leftmerita (Bohemia), is the
name of the German union, in wbLh leo !einem...mimeos.
in the Diet is expressed. A third from Renoir, in
expresses the desire to support the Diet in every way. From
Mattudorf, a contribution of 48 florins has been received, to
be devoted to the use of unprovided students; and another
sum of 10 florins from a lady, has been put for the same
purpose. It would be a matter of the worst consequences to
' us (continued Behuselka), were we to commence the fight
because a &feat is inevitable. But it is our duty to confine
ourselves to our own protection, and although the answer of
the Emperor is very calm and full of hope, still nothing
must be omitted that will tend to our safety. No changes
have taken place in the position of the army. The Hun-
garian force still remains on the Hungarian borders. An
envoy from the Awnrian generals west to the camp of
o.neral Auersperg. The contents of the despatch they bore
is not known. Vienna can and will support its right alone.
The committee, in conjunction with the ministry, hu issued
an ordonnance provisionally regretting the mobile guard,
which it now lays before the house. This ordonnance
enacts that every man who joins this guard shall
swear to support the rights of the people and
the constitutional throne, and place himself under the
orders of the commandant in Vienna. Whoever shall
desert his post before the enemy without orders, or shall
disobey orders, will be treated according to martial law.
The same punishment owaits curry man c immiaiog acts of
plunder or other offorces, otz. This project was 'doffed to
a committee. _

On the 17th the commencement of the sitting was taken
up with a debate whether it was slummy to proceed with
the law for the protoction of the deputies and the per-
manence of the Diet. The Presieent announced a deputation
from the Left of the Frankfort Assembly, consisting of
Blum, Frubtl, Hartman, and Trampusch. The deputation
broz.ght an address congratulating the Vienna A, umbly and
its h. role democrats in having crushed reaction, and well de-
served of Germany and freedom. Another address from the
Frankfort Left to the people of Vienna was also read. Deputy
Lohnergue an account of his journey to Moravia on the I lth,
of which telegraphic accounts had previmply been received.
He said that the court seemed full of fear and reaction.
Intelligence having reached Vienna that the national guards
in Krems had been insulted, Schuselka stated that a courier
had been sent to the military commandant of that town,
making him responsible for every life that might be loot.
The committee of safety had informed the authorities of the
Northern railway that the prohibition put upon the transport
of troops by rail could not be raised. 'The committee at the
same time appealed to the answer returned by the King to
the last address, u recognising the efficacy of that body.
They had also taken another step in order to leave nothing
' undone. It was necessary that the Emperor should be
invited to give a decisive answer, which might be attended
with decided results. The committee, therefore, would now
lay before the vegetably as address to the Emperor, to the
following purport, that the peace of Vienna is now only en-
designed by the presenos of the troops lying before it, end
that the only danger attending the deliberations of the Diet
would be the non-removal of all troops from Lower Austria, by
keeping only the minimum of the Vienna garrison, by causing
the troops to take the oath to the constitution, and by the for-
mation of a popular ministry. This address was adopted, and a
message sent by telegraph to the deputation still remain-
ing at Diann.' to remain until its arrival. This was ren-
dered impossible, however, by the arrival of news to the Diet
that the telegraphic communication had been cut off at Lun-
denburg. It was resolved to issue a proclamation to the in-
habitants of the entire monarchy, setting forth the real state
of affairs, defending the conduct of the Diet, and requesting
assistance from the provinces.

The deputies who have fled to Prague, and desire
to assemble the Austrian Diet elsewhere than at

Vienna, had an interview with the Emperor on the
17th, and returned to Prague on the 18th. They
were well received by the Emperor, who told them,
however, that with regard to their proposal for an
accommodation, a middle coarse was impossible and
not to be thought of. He had the welfare of his
people at heart, and decisive steps were necessary to
obtain that object.
PRUSSIA.—The Berlin papers of the 21st instant
have reached us. On the previous day the unfortu-
nate victims of the recent collision between the civic
guards and the labourers on the canal were interred
with considerable pomp and solemnity. The funeral
of Herr Schneider, of the civic guard, was attended
by deputations of the labourers, and the civic guard
followed in turn the coffins of the deceased labourers
to the burial ground. It is rumoured that General
Von Pfnel, after tendering his resignation, on account
of the recent remarkable reply of the King to the
deputation of the Constituent Assembly, has been
induced to remain in office.
A serious misunderstanding has arisen between the
garrison and civic guards of Stettin, in consequence
of the former not having (as agreed upon) presented
arms to the latter during parade on the 15:h inst.
The omission is attributed by the military authorities
to forgetfulness on the part of the commanding officer.
The civic guards have held a special meeting on the
'abject, and resolved to take steps for procuring
satisfaction.

Business in general shows signs of improvement in
Berlin. The recent re-issue by Prussia of three series
of treasury bonds to the amount of nine millions of
silver roubles has tended to keep the Berlin bourse
depressed. Six persona were killed at Elbing during
an alarming riot on the anniversary of the King's
birthday. The riot was commenced by the ultra-
loyalists, who demanded the removal of the German
national flag. from the town-hall, and the substitution
of the Prussian one.

BAVARIA.—As a " matter of course" the period-
ical disturbances in Munich, on the occasion of the
raising of the price of beer, were renewed on the 18th
(the day on which the new tariff came into operation).
As usual, many breweries, bakers' shops, and public
houses, were attacked and damaged : and, as usual,
a number of persons were wounded or otherwise in-
jured during the collision between the rioters and
the police. Up to half-peat 3 p.m., on the 18th, tran-
quillity was not restored, Numerous publicans were
compelled to give their beer gratis to all comers. A
number of soldiers took part in the riots. It mast be
added that this time the beer riot has been more
serious than on previous occasions, the populace hav-
ing manifested a decided spirit of plunder, without
exclusive reference to publicans and brewers. The
authorities did not interfere until the rioters had been
in virtual possession, during several hours, of the city.
The disturbances did not originate, as may be well
imagined, in any political object; but it is not
improbable that the ultra-democrats (republican) of
Munich have endeavoured to turn them to account.
FRANKFORT.—The Frankfort papers announce
the departure of Archduke Stephen from that city for
London.

ROME, Ocr. 11.
Much importance is attached in many circles to the
recent arrival of an autograph letter from the Czar
Nicholas to the Pope (one of this morning's papers,
La S'peran:a, has a pointed allusion to the fact) by
which it would appear that the head of the Greek
schism has administered brotherly reproof to the
Pontiff of the western church, whom he accuses of
being the originator of all the confusion in Europe,
but, by way of atoning for such freedom of rebuke
the Petersburg Pope offers his brother of Rome every
aid which money or muskets can supply, if he will
now, at the eleventh hour, labour to stem the course
of democracy. It is said, that the Russian polite
letter writer, conscious that such an epistle would
probably meet instant demolition—
" Give &BMA
Site marl Adria.no."

has taken the preyaudon to send a duplicate to the
King of Naples, and it is positively averted that a
Neapolitan journal will cre this have given it publi-

atty. Sam .ro so far as to accuse Rossi of being in con-
nivance n ~li the Cur, and that he is not averse to a
loin of four million dollars from the coffers of the
Kremlin, on the principle laid down hers lty Veep,-
sin lag ago that oohs retains no smell. But these
who know Rossi better are fully aware that he looks
to quite another source for the rescuing of our embo-
wer hem bankruptzy, and that be is for bringing to
the limner a huge slice of our inerimain lands, and
ingsing free a quantity of broad acres, national pro-
=hut vosesined by that class in the nation ceded
'I he amount of this property is calculated
at axty millions of dollars, and, as the national debt is
bit thirty-seven millions, there are still abundant
roomer within the Roman territory to pay Hainan
Hague, How far he can prevail an the Pope to sanc-
tion this measure I cannot foresee, but already the
gni step .• taken, and what has just been mortgaged
stay as well be sold outright.
As the name of Rossi seems destined to figure in
papal history, it may be right to give a few biers-
pineal notions of this personage. He was born in the
Stile town of Mama Carrara, at the time it was
by the Archduchess Maria Beatrice, about
relir,illett hence was ushered into life an Austrian
subject. In 1808 a decree of Napoleon made him •
Frenchman, by converting Carrara and the duchy into
a Aepartua,nt of the empire. We soon find him at
Balms a practising lawyer, and in 1814 a subject
of the Pope, but having cast his destiny with Joachim
Warm, w.- Suddenly discover him at Naples a natu-
ralised N. „politic, and joined with Sabi in a revalu-
Pwiese. tempt. After Murat's discomfiture he
ti.. Alps, and settling at Geneva, married a
wife, and became a naturalised Helvetian
in 1820. He got a seat at the cantonal council
board and the Head diet, and sowed the germ of
" central authority," out of which sprung the Son-
derband. Having made acquaintance with the Due
de Brogli. at the Chateau of Coppet, so famous for
the various great men and women who have met
there, he managed to negotiate through him with
Guizot fot a professorship of jurisprudence at the
Sorbonne. and Rot it, becoming naturalised at Paris.
Hi' chair was not a bed of roses at first, being pelted
by the law student', and requiring the presence of
rg'innerie to carry on his lectures. But his cru-
ised method, and genuine ability, soon tri-
umphed over prejudice. He was a constant contri-
butes to the press, and wrote the " summary of poli-
ties" in the Revise dm deux Monde,; was made peer
el France for his successful embassy to Rome, where
the Cantle intriguers, and fanatics, threw every °b-
abel* in his way, not sparing calumny, of course;
be bad a hand in the election of Pio Nano; and is
now his prime minister. What next ?

FRANCK—Tag ADVERTISING SEMEN IN THU
rum Pass Some ehanres have been taking place in
the system of advertising in the French press which de-
some node . a• they are a step in the direction which has
ken 7 been given in Ragland towards the reform of this de-
mimosa eljearnaliess. In Prance advertisements of a kind
whisk engin to preclude their publication are habitually put
Y. The rich company, which desire. the extra share of
PublVto be attained by capital letters, does so at the ea-
psnies tho small advertiser, who cannot afford to pay for
ie eemerary space. All these abuses are now done away
et* ia the Purse ; and the reform is dm to the spirit of its
=k, .R. de Girudin and M. Loynd, his agent, the
latevilog 311
written a pamphlet on the subject, which may
tame other journals to follow the example wt by the
Pram The reforms of M. de Girardin democratises the
Mof a.! earthing by unity of type and similarity of price.
0C11,41110t capital letters are abolished, and the ad-1
sertisements are classed as in the London journals. This is
a step in the right direetiou, sod the more praiseworthy, as '
it mast at first entail somewhat of lises to the first advocates
of the system.
SWITZERLAND.--The legation of the German
empire in Seitz:Baal has addressed a note to the Directory,
remeatim i to send instructions to the cantons! govern-
ments to cause all persons to be arrested who are seepected
of having talon pert in the murder of Prime Lichnowsky
sad Heir vim Asermald. These persona are 20 is number,
end *Oil names and desaiptiuns have been circulated. The
supreme federal authority has intimated the above to the
states, who +ill know how to make a di-Ail:dim between an.
intimate political rehgees, to whom awl- anima never re-
tests an asylum, and infamous manias, who taut be mover-
reproba.
sal ted§ERBI.I.—DEATII Or THE SHAIL—The Journal
Js Cautantueople has the following : " Letters from Persia,
via Ttebisood, which arrived here, announce an important
event. The King of Persia, Mohammed Shah, died at Te-
heran from a violent attack of gout, to which he had long
been subject. Mohammed Shah, son of Abbas, sad grand
son of Fent Ali Shah, who died in 1834, and whom he sue
muted to the throne of Persia, was the third sovereign of
the moiety of the !Inkier', founded in 1704 by Art Mo-
hammed Khaa. He was born in 1806. sad his heir,
Naibus &inmost. governor of Ausbaidjaa, is eighteen
man of age. If the sows of the death of the King of
Persia be emanated, it is probable that the Baler, who
is in arms near Khorasan, will march upon Teheran,
whale the princes, who have taken refuge on the fron-
tiers of Turkey, in easamseser of events which have taken
place in Persia at different periods, and among whom are
Amefed Dewlet, the Shah's maternal uncle, and Zail-ua-
%oldies, who reigned for several months after the death of
NW AU Shah, under the name of Ali Shah, will probably
make some attempt on the southern provinces, where they
have numerous p.irthans. These two last princes are at this
time at Hanka', living upon a pension granted them by the
Ottoman government. It is said that the communications
between Tawas sad Teheran are already intercepted."