The Express.
London, England, 1851-03-03 00:00:00

TIM DUCHIES.

A letter front Hamburg, Feb. 25, sacs:
Commercial and manufecturina affair+ inilinhitcin already
begin to huffer the ruinous influence of the customs line
eqablished on the Eider by Iktunurk. All the produce of
that duchy is now subjected on its entrance into Schle‘wig
to the same (Nth.. a. tire levied in the rest of the kinirdnin.
. .

It it impossible for the HoLoteiners, shut up within their
preaent territorial limit,. to maintain their ground much
bower as a commercial people. A fact of tome im-
portance in this respect hoe just transpired. Con-
plaints having become every day more general, a number of
the principal merchant., and manufacturer. from several
towns in Ilolotein, met on the 23rd ult. at Neuminster, and
adopted tmanimously u petition praying the King of Den-
mark to extend the customs line to the Elbe, no before the
revolution, and to re-cotablisla on the former f.mtiti the
maritime commercial relation: between Sehleswia-llobarin
and Denmark no they existed betime the revolution. It is
probable that this petition will in a few days receive the
sianatureo of all the principal firm of the country. and that
a .I,,putation will pruceed to the oeat of government in orler
to make known there the real wants of the two duchies.
We are informed that very shortly Austrian troop, to
the number of 20,000 men, will he concentrated in this
neighbourhood, to he reviewed by General Legeilitsch. The
majority of the general and stmf officers of the states of
North Cierutiny will be invited to this review, which cannot
fail to prodace ti decided moral effect in this part of
Germany.

FATHER GAVAZZI'S NINTH ORATION
YESTERDAY IN THE PRINCESS'S CON-
CERT HALL.

"HIERARCHICAL USURPATIONS OF ROME."

A crowded and brilliant auditory testified to the
intense interest the Italian preacher's vigorous in-
vective 4 have created in this metropolis; and with
unflagging energy he continues to demolish the su-
perstructure of iruud and delusion which successive
Popes have built on the weakness and credulity of
Christendom. That this mighty empire should just
now feel in the present crisis of its government the
insuffentble annoyance of papal into-meddling to the
obstruction of its proud progress in grandeur and
prosperity, and that the "Nourishing kingdom of
England" should be liable to encroachment and in-
stilt from such a puny quarter, would appear at first
sight a marvel and a mystery; but the father un-
ravelled the complicated web of sophistry and im-
posture through which these pretensions were
framed and fabricated, and exhibited their ti busy
texture and " devil's dust" materials to the alternate
scorn and indignation of the assembly.
The tenor of his discourse was almost entirely
historical, and the rapidity with which he traversal
the several centuries of ceclendastical annuls, drawing
mid nis inferences as he dashed along. renders it
hopeless to convey a vivid idea of the plenitude and
piquancy of his argument. Ile insisted at the outset
on the manifestly popular and elective constitution
of pi Witless churches, pointing out the utter absence
of Lair approach to a despotic centralisation in the
proceedings of the early Christians. Scriptural
records are ied merely silent, but absolutely in direct
land repugnant hostility to any notion of that kind.
Not only are the three hierarchical ranks of bishop.
presbyter, and deacon expressly set forth, but the
form of appointment and the nature of their tune-
dons. To the assembled faithful was invariably en-
trusted their scleetiou, and the notorious example of
the great Ambrose, civil governor of Milan, raised
by popular acclamation to the archiepiscopl dignity
without the slightest reference to any other Italian
diocese or prelate, shows the Christian flocks of that
period in the full possession of their primitive privi-
;or was the practice of the African church less
Kkes.
palpably indicative in the ease of his great cotem-
porart- Augustin, who ores by the voice of the people
of Hippo culled to the priesthood and to episrsipal
functions in 395, irrespective of bulls from Italy,
then equally unheard of in Spain, Brittany, or Gaul.
how were the Roman bishops created i—not a whit
otherwise than their brethren throughout the rest of the
Roman empire. The faithful met in crypts and catacombs,
and the corapnhensive conclave was coextensive with the
whole 'stay (if believers in the imperial city. Silvester 1.,
in 330, marked the first years of emancipated Christianity
by a solemn enactment that such should ever be the elective
franchise regulating that bishopric to which the whole Ito-
man empire naturally yielded deference and precedency.
Yet a few centuries later we find Gregory V. the nominee
of a German monarch, ousting the popular incumbent, John
XVI., cutting MT his nose and cars, and parading hint on a
donkey through the streets. Hildebrand next appears, like
Guy of Warwick, to make and unmake popes until it suited
him to seize the mitre himself and trample on the rights of
empire, episcopacy and universal humanity. With Innocent
111. that ferocious autocrat, the close corporation of
cardinals becomes consolidated, and ore is the nomination of
Popes equally from emperors and the people ; but schisms
and strife for the tiara are not abated by the new arrange-
ment, but made chronic and inveterate ; the imputed work-
ing of the Holy Ghost in electioneering tactics become*
more visibly the paltry handiwork of intrigue and cabal.
Thirty contests disgrace a single century; popes and anti-
popes wage sanguinary battles, and lay siege to, mart be-
sieg!.ll by, each other; the battering-ram decides the pos-
session of infallibility; Peter de Luna suffers eclipse; Boni-
' face the Bth forcibly deposes Celestin V. in the face of scan-
dalised Europe; the council of Constance demolishes with-
out ceremony two rival pretenders, to erect a pillar of truth
of a composite order in Martin V., of the house of Colonna.
So varied arc the influences brought to bear on the produc-
tion of this impersonation of the Italy Spirit, that skipping
over intermediate maincuvres, and coming down to our own
times, the elections of Leo XII., of Pius VIII., and Ore-
' gory XIV., were all three the work of Cardinal Albani, a
layman unonlained but paramount in the conclave: Ilaa.si
upset the chances of Lambruseltini, just as similar general-
ship among yourselves defeats the hopes of Stanley
Disraeli or Ondunn ; and when Pio Nono abdicates, as the
nay ;rill have it, if Wiseman plays the game of Austria
and the Czar, so as to dsnaage England effectually, the man
will get his wages and another Nicolas, of English origin,
may mount the throne of Breakspear. (Cheers sad laughter.)
The speaker, returning to the episcopal institution,
showed, by a variety of proofs and instances taken
from the first four centuries, that throughout Chris-
tendom the system of domestic nomination formed
the rule—a reference to Rome the rare and remote
exception; that the metropolitan's recognition was
the only confirmation sought for or dreamt of in the
various national churches of Europe ; metropolitans
themselves were instituted by the patriarch of the
east, to whom a letter is extant from the patriarch
of the west, allusive to the acknowledged exercise of
that right, as an inherent and independent preroga-
tive. Benedict XL was the first who dared to ques-
tion the free constitution of the oriental churches.
Clement V. claimed the right of nominating the
bishops in the vicinity of Rome. John XXII. fol-
lowed up this first attempt on the episcopacy, by
taking advantage of the disturbances of Italy, and
pat forth, from Avignon, a similar claim to nominate
the bishops of Aquilea, ltavenna, Milan, and Pisa,
hitherto elected by the respective chapters and
clergy of these diocesan districts. John XXIII., in
an edict still on record, avails himself of
the continued troubles to prolong the exercise of a
power, the illegality of which he is so conscious of,
that ho limits it to his own life, pledging his sac-
s .2ssor to its restoration. But the next corner kept
the ill-gotten advantage, and as the plunder of capi7.
t alar rights had come into fashion, kings and feudal
lords took their share in the general scramble; an
iniquity which in the long run corroborated the
usurped power of the first plunderer ; as the clergy
and people fled from petty tyrants to the papal

I throne, and voluntarily surrendered their immemo-
rial franchises to the Pope as a lesser cull than the
monstrous intrusion of feudal patronage and kingly
interference. Then arose the base and st-intlahms
transactions called rotarordats, by which a bargain
was made between the bishops of Mane and the loca,
sovereigns, for a division of tlw spoil of which neither
had legitimate MaStendom, and thus the indepen
dente of European churches was bartcrtd away. l'ho
first of these nefarious negotiations was that between
Nicolas V. and Frederic 111., to whom in
exchange for temporal aasistance the Popo
coolly made over the rights of every dirocvsan chap.
ter in broad Germany. The disposal of advowsons
by wholesale was exhibited on the very eve of the
Reformation, when Leo X. for a consideration mado
over to Francis I. what never belonged to him, the
right of presenting to all the bishoprics of the Quill-
can church. Henry VIII. secured the .one right to
himself and successors, not by an invalid papal grant
but by a more legitimate course, the voluntary sur-
render thereof by the Anglican church in full convo-
cation. Charles V., in the general confiscation of
Christendom, struck a bargain with the Fleming,
Adrian VI., whom he had placed on the pupal chair,
&Shaving been his domestic tutor, and received in re-
turn the complete investiture of Spanish bishoprics,
a proceeding which the jesuit historian Mariana and
the squalls} unscrupulous Thomas,ini, unblushingly
describe as regular quid pro quo between the con-
tracting parties. Clement VII., whom Charles had
taken prisoner, came to terms with his captor by tho
bribe of 27 bishoprics in the kingdom of Naples,
which were accordingly put to his credit in the papal
ledger, and per entdra he was set at liberty.
And thus was the whole body of Christians swindled out
of their birthright; their episcopacy become the property
and tool of secular power. The pledge of Pope John 'XXII.
remained unredeomed, and still *loan with I tire man-
tie!' in the grave—the original robbcry has passed into pro-
scription, and adverse possession holds what it neeer owned.
Bull-created bishops replace the elect of the faithfol, and
what have been, what are now the results ? Ask Switzer-
land, where a foreign-appointed eniseopacy Ise,-rates the
bowels of the land, creates intestine broils, wed maddens tho
ignorant cantons into a frenzy of Sunderl 1 retwllion.
Ask Piedmont, where the outlaw and outcast, Franzani,
has left beltiad him mitred fdlow-laboozerr, still lousy in
the retrograde cause of obscurantism and treason. (Cheers.)
Ask Naples, where cringing and courtier tiring. Moot the
i bigot bonthardatore, and keep the dark deposit Of ignorance,
vice, and brutality in its dismal integrity—aye, safe from
the printing-press, the singling-book, or the gospel.
(Cheers.) Ask Spain, whore downward das ;ty and um-
medicable decrepitude results not only from nhart her bishops
did, but from what they have left under. Ark Polad,
where the Roman court has hanthd over its eons:mind
prelates to swell the ranks of Russian slave-driv,rr, and
Austrian spie,. (Cheers.) And, tinally. ask England,
into whose peaceful precincts twelve mitt., • has, be,o (lung
(cum Rome, sowing broad-cam her venom is seed. whose
rapid harvest is already reaped in rancorous discord.
(Cheer.)
The Father touched on the position of the parochial
clergy, anti showed how the third conned of Car-
thage. in 397, as well as the third held at Orleans,
in 1.38, had required the concurrence and acceptant:a
of the flock in the appointment of pastors. In tho
sacramentary of the great Gregory no priest could bo
ordained without the publication of bouts. such as
used now-a-days for marriage ; and the people was
called on to object if the candidate were objection-
able. The M.S. codex, No. 4315, in the vatic min, still
exists, but the formula has ilisappeared from the mo-
dern poulilirule, and with it the valuable Ivo:gni:ion of
n sound primitive principle. lie described the de4raded
condition of the Italian clergy; showed how ignobly
its ranks were recruited; and dwelt out the frivolous
(when not flagrant) pursuits of the priesthood ; tho
coxcombry of ignorant m.updaturri, and utter a'tsenco
of earnestness. honesty, or real. Hopeless at home
the Pope had sought compensation hr the con-
tempt of Italians in the conquest of this country. and
sent hither a prince and privy-counsellor of his puny
court to carry out the joint intrigues of absolutism
and Loyola. This man must necessarily aNure the
interests of England to do his master's work. Hid
thoughts and his talk an of It mile, his aconapliee,
Illathorne, openly tells the country he will disobey
the laws ; the bravado of an infuriated 0,4,4u:1i, nut
the meek utterance of an apostle. (Cheers.) Tho
hull of their appointment is equal in arrogance and
hen& to the bull its mats Domini, which hail to bo
igttominiourl, disavowed when the reel.-sty of Eu-
rope's monarchs and the parliament of Frunse thing
back its insolent contents with scorn and derision.
Rome, if she meet but faint resistance now, will
quickly follow up the blow : her cardinals, once their
foot has pressed the English soil, will never depart
front the land that has endured the contact, but
trample it into ultimate subjection. Let England
understand her true position in the present crisis,
and either scout the intruder or prepare to succumb.
The Father continued in an animated strain to de-
nounce the aggression, and drew a ludicrous picturo
of the amazement which would spread in Rome on
receipt from a newly appointed English archbishop
of Tiosteverc," of such re rigmarole from Ludgate,
Bishopsgate, or Billingsgate, as the famous Naminian
document dispatched from a gate of the papal city.
For two hours he spoke with a fervour amid flow of
eloquence which baffles all atiempt at transcription.

REPREsENTATION OF nil: TOWER lI.I3ILETS.—Ott
Friday evening a numerous and influential meeting was held
at the Temperance Hall, Mile-end-road, consisting of depu-
ties from the various local socictie: organic d in the Tower
Hamlets in connexion with the National Parliamentary and
Financial Reform Association, vis.—Kingsland, 1/e. Beau-
voir Town, llulstoa, Hackney, Bethnal-green. Shoreditch,
Whitechapel, Mile-end, Stepney, St. George's Fast, Wap-
ping, Shadwell, Ratcliffe, Limehouw, Poplar, and other
localities in the hamlets. Mr. Allem, of Wapping, was
culled to preside, and said they were met at a mo-t eventful
period, but as that was a special meeting, he should, pre-
vious to making any further remarks, call upon the gentle-
men who had signed the requisition for calling the meeting
to state the objects for which they had met—Mr. Skillet.
one of the requisitionists, mid he thought their present
meeting justified by the state of the representation
of the Tower Hamlets, and the absence of Mr.
George Thompson at this juncture, when there might he an
almost immediate dissolution of Parliament; and some steps
ought to be immediately taken m order that they might he
fully prepared to secure his re-election, or to return an
equaUs•rlSeient subgitute.—Mr. Pryer referrrl to minutes
of meeting held on 7th January, showing. that a resolution
had been passed to the effect that the curious local ,acieties
should be requested to send to the central committee the
names of gentlemen considered by them to lie .uitable re-
presultutives of the borough.—Mr. Matson mated that
steps should be immediately taken in accordance with the
above resolution. of weertatning the opiaions of the serious
local societies on this point ; which war agreed to, and also,
that a subscription of lot. fnot each society bhuuld be
furnished to the general fund.—Tho names of several
gentlemen were mentioned as will qualified to represent the
borough, hut it was deenu-t ads it..ble not to publish their
names until the opinions of the local associatums had been
ascertained. After disposing of some other business, a vote
of thanks was passed to the chairman, and the meeting ad-
journed for a week, when they would again meet to receive
the reports front the various localities.

St:l.-nous Ittor.—A disturbance, which is likely to
lead to a legal investigation, took platy in the the town of
Rade:A:Mead on Friday evening. The origin of the
affray, as nearly as can be collected from the accounts given
by the excited iultahitzults, was as follows :—The widow of
Mr. Allehin, formerly a respectable farmer in the parish of
Eastgrinstead, having Fallon into misfortunes, was admitted
as au inmate of Sackville College. At her death, which oes
curred at the latter part of last week, her daughter Odra.
Jemt,w, • highly respectable person, who now keeps the
charity school of Mrs. !toper, of Thornhill) applied to
' have the hotly of her mother buried according to the
usual customs of the English church ; to this the Rev.
Mr. Neale, the warden of the college, objected, and
insisted upon the right of furnishing a peculiarly shaped
medireval coffin, a cutain bier, and a pall bearing the
sign of the cross. The relations of the deceased expo.-
tulatol with the reverend gentleman, and during tho
negotiations the college was declared in a state of siege,
Warders were stationed at every portal, and all ingress or
egress was denied; the relations, we are intermit were
not even admitted to sec the remains of the deceased.t
As the funeral procession moved from the door, a grandson
of Mrs. Alichin snatched the obnoxious pall from the coma,
and the corpse was carried, amidst a crowd of indignant
bystanders, to the Crown Inn, where it was unscrewed, to
satisfy the friends of the deceased that the body was indeed
at last in their possession. The funeral service was after-
wards performed by the vicar of the parish, the Rev. J. N.
/forward. As night set in, symptoms of riot were per-
ceptible in the town; the street in front of the college was
filled with the inhabitants ; a bier, in imitation of that used
in the college, was surmounted with crosses, a scarlet
mantle, and the inscription, " No popery," and burnt
amidst yells and hisses. The mob next penetreted the gar
den belonging to the warden, where they committed much
depredation, breaking the windows and shrubs, and waving
torches, accompanying their movements with rough musts
of various sorts. This scandalous scene lasted till a lot*
hour in the night, and it is believed that informations have
been laid before • magistrate against several of the rioters.
—Susses Express.

ADMIRALTY, MARCH I.—APPOINTMENTE.--Capt.
Robert Harris, Conunandor Henry Caldwell, and Lieut.
G. W. Preedy, to the Prince Regent. Lieutenant Thos.
Brandreth, J. B. Scott, R. B. Beale, and C. L. Waddilove,
for gunnery duties. Lieut. lt. B. Miller, to she Ins-
preynabk.

SECOND EDITION.

DIPERLIL PARLIA3IENT.

SETTLEMENT OF THE MINISTERIAL
CRISIS

HOUSE OF LORDS.
TUIS DAY.

Thellarqui.off..txstiowstr.aaid that after the failure
of three muss :sive ',climes to reconstruct the Cabinet,
her Majesty was graciously pleased to call upon her
roe ious Cabinet to conduct the affairs of the country.
Thi, had ken done by the adviee of the noble duke
(11"' ilington; whom he was glad to ace present. No
ot!, r course uas left to the nwtnberu of lux Nlajesty's
ix. cabinet but to reseew the control of the affairs of
tt, country.
[IAA sitting.]

HOUSE OF COMMONS.
TIM DAY.
At n ftw minutes to five o'clock (the house being

erowded`.
Lord Jolts rtesArt.L stated that since he had last
addressed the house the public had been put
peoassion of the attempts which Lord Star
t v had made to form a government. Without
enuring at all into criticism on those attempts., he
thought it right tosay that it appeared perfectly clear
that Lord Stonier had had a full and fair opportnnitv
of forming n collated, and that no request which he
thoia,:ht it reasonable or tit to make hail been
1, ni, d him. (Dear, hear.) They had been
aware that her Majesty had sent for the Duke of
Wellington. Her Majesty saw his grace on
Saturday; and late yesterday evening she received
a wiitten communication from the noble duke. Ile
(I.••rd J. Itr.4Ei.t.) had Ow honour of an audience with
her Majesty this morning at 12 o'clock, when
she communicated to him the Noble Duke's opinion
that, in the present state of affairs, the ipesi course her
Muj• sty could punaw would he to command her
tenor miaisny to resunw office. 'flint being the
ease It..r Majesty's late ministers had thought it to be
their duty to resume otlice accordingly. (Loud
cheers.) Ile should therefore ask the house to defer
the consideration' of public matters until Friday
neat. in order to tumble theta to consider the various
measures which thee would bring forward. (Cheers.)
niday he should proceed with the Assumption
of Ervh-siostical Titles Hill; and his right hon.
friend the Homo Secretary in moving the second
in :piing of the bill on that day, would state the
an enehnints and alterations it was intended by the
mnu ut to propose in it. With respect to the other
be ilis•• 'store the house, he would fix on Friday
the do). for hinging it on • and also answer the
qaestion that had :nen put to him on a former even-
ing by stating the day on which it was proposed to
pus red with the &bate on the budget and take the
101 l on the impute-tux. (.• nialcheerm)
Mr. It. Osianca. asked if the noble lord intended
to per-ist with tin same Inalgo t the Chancellor of
the Cm lempar had brought frwaril?
Lad J. Itt-,411.1. timipzlit it would he wrong 110 W
to say what might be the course taken by govern-
ment in that m.pet t.
lord Jou% MitsxEr.s. while promising that the
men on that site of the house would not offer
eil in, lion. oppo.itioll or (distraction to the
lacy of the nobe lord, stated that if the
ministers continued to take no notice of the attri-
"Antral distr.". which was admitted to exist, the
no. miler for Bucks would told the opinion of the
house MI OW 10.111i4Vt. (lbw. hear.)
Mr. Kits al asked tine uolde lord either to state at
01111" what the alterations he proposed to make in
this Leek siastical Titles Assumption Bill were, or to
cows at for un adjouniment of at least ten days after
Friday. in order that the people of Ireland might he
Ode to examine and espress their opinions upon

them. Glue. hear.)
bad JOHN Itt-ssil.t. mid that it was unusual to
make alterations before the *rend rending. and that,
the Course proposed to be adopted had been deter
naiad on in order to tumble the country to form an
upiniett on the unwneltsl measure. (Cheers.)
MILNEU intsfiN protested against giving the
precedence to the lEctiesiaseical Titles ASSUMINIOII
Bilk instead of the Budget and the other more
important business of the (sundry. (Cheers.)
Mr. Itersoktst concluded that the bill would b
much the same as tlw one before the house. In
that ease he defied the Noble bail to furry it into
effect. for in one part of the United Kingdom at
lest it would be a dead ktter. He meant iu Ireland.
(Hem. hear.) Ile denied that the people of Englund
had demanded ;me legislation on the subject. '(here
had only tarn 2.loiiti iteititonit signed by 120.000 per-
sons; whereas there had tdrendr been 1,200 signed
byJ 14001) against thti policy 'of the noble lord.
((heers and laughter.)
Mr. It. Wm. asked whether the bill would be
fronted as to affect the bishops and deans of the
brie tish episcopal church?
lord J. Hums:Lk again declined to answer till
Frisby.
A court Nation on the same points then ensued,
in which Mr. Waller, the Marquis of Granite, Mr.
Newdegute. and Mr. Sadleir, joined; mid the debate
%%us the!. adjourned till Friday next.