The Express.
London, England, 1865-10-11 00:00:00

IKE EXPRESS, WEDNESDAY EIING, OCTOBER 11, 1865.

ea
expense which follow from poaching ' - the
benefits which some from the enj sport
And in any case the public is oo„ rapidly a
take the view that at least the info of the
laws which protect the sport should not be com-
mitted to those who have a direct pecuniary in-
terest in the punishment of presumed offenders.
It will probably not much longer endure that the
question of the guilt or innocence of an alleged
poacher, and the amount of the legs/ penalty to be
inflicted on him; should lie in the discretion of
those whom he is charged with robbing. If the
Game Laws are in any shape to be maintained it
will be at the cost of throwing overboard, as a
sacrifice to the public sentiment of justice, the
jurisdiction of the " unpaid magistracy " in game
law cases.
Yet, while inch difficulties enoompass the legal
settlement of the question, some hope for the
future may at least be found in the fact that if we
would only avoid extremes, all interlude might be
reconciled. What produces poaching, and what
irritates the tenants, is not the existence of a
moderate amount, but of an excessive amount of
game. It will not pay to poach unless phea-
sants and hares can be killed by the dozen,
and the tenant will not grumble unless
these same animals invade his acres in
large numbers. But such superabundance is
not necessary to that pleasant amusement and
beneficial recreation which is of real service and
yields true enjoyment. It is required only for the
murderous battue, out of which neither health nor
happiness can be drawn. But if the landowner or
game owner is on a friendly footing with the
farmers he will never fail to find game enough for
his own use end his own and his friends' recreation.
To encourage such a state of things as this is then
the object to which public legislation and private
effort should direct themselves. Both should seek
to secure the fair rights of property, but set them-
selves against whatever tends to make property a
source of eviL Legislation may indeed have a
difficult problem before it in arriving at this result,
but at least we may refuse sanction to any legisla-
tion which would have the smallest tendency to
make it more remote.

OUR CONTEMPORARIES.
(THIS DAY.)

In the correspondence which has just taken place
between the governments of Brain and Austria relative to
the recognition of the kingdom of Italy by the former power,
the Spanish Minister of Foreign Affairs, ells, the Times
thinks, an truspeotedly good positioe, and hu trailed
himself of the advantage with a smooth adroitness which
would have does credit to Mr. Seward himself. Slain
was not to be treated. like Tuscany of Naples, and
though the correspondence has been very judiciously
conducted by the Spanish Minister, it is clear that
the government of Madrid has not the slightest
retention of submitting to dictation or interference. The
recognition of Italy by Spain marks a new policy, no doubt,
on the part of that 'tate, but this policy it was at perfect
liberty to adopt. Spain was ueder no obligation of con-
milting any other interests than her own. It was for her,
sad her only, to decide whether she would or would not
recognise the kingdom of Italy, nor wan Austria entitled to
do more than regret the lees of a ooeserv►tive ally. The
political independsoce of Spain is a spectacle no leas wel-
come than that of her political liberalism.
The discouraging put of the evidence in the Fenian pro-
unutions is the extent of the popularity of the con-
spirecy in the lower ranks of Irish society which It di.
claws. The most remarkable, because the retest feature,
is the quiet sod businesslike manna in which this
Fenianisui has boenerganieed arid propagated. There bee
been of course, s vest deal of noisy bravado on the pert of
its younger recruits, but the secret springs of its elaborate
machinery, says the Times, have been wor►ed by no uu-
, skilful hand. 'Until we learn bow the news of the Dublin
&nests was received by the American Festiva', we cannot
judge what further measures of repression may he Doodah
Scotch Sabbstarianiern, as illustrated by the speeches
made at the late public meeting in the City ball of Glasgow,
convened "to come disapprobation of running railway
trains on the Lord's day, and to urge the friends of the
Sabbath to use all legitimate means for their &icon-
Unitises," is the subject of a third article in to-clay's Times.
All the speakers, it is declared, are distinguished more or
less by a kind of coarse oratorical vigour, bat not one shows
any trace of charityor fairuese, or seems to have any real
knowledge of the state of other communities, or of the
opinion of able and learned men with respect to the trues-
ties, they discuss. It is probable—at least, it is to be
hoped—that the stand the North British Railway Company
hu made against the bigotry of the Scotch clergy and their
followers will be successful, and that the Sonteli people and
English travellers in Scotland will have those reasonable
and proper means of locomotion on Sunday that are to be
found in all other civilised countries. A large part of the
people—indeed, a majority of the educated and intelligent
—have long been in Savour of removing these absurd
reetrictioes.
Professor Gamgee's speech at Sheffield on the cattle
plugs is ridiculed, and it is complained of the veterinary
surgeons that they have failed, not merely to answer, but
even to realise the important gustier' whether the disuse
is necessarily propagated by that gross physical contagion
which the veterinary surgeons serums, and not rather by
a more subtle infection either in the atmosphere itself, or
conveyed through it. Their only notion of contagion is that
of the grossed physical contact. Meanwhile the Times is
thankful that the professor confines his energies to the de-
struction of cattle, for he is obviously of opinion that ordi-
nary medical science would be very much improved if it
would apply to human beings his favourite treatment for
&alma's.

The Daily News come:ante upon the difficulties 111100111.
rasing the legal settlement of the question of the game
laws ; condemning alike the peculiar compulsory legislation
recommended by lir. Bright, by which tenant farmers
would recurs that the property in the game on their farms
passes to them during the term of their tenancy, and the
doctrine of the Times that game is now mere property, and
must be protected by the law as it it were the most valuable
and unquestionable property. Some hope for the future
may be found in the fact that if we would only avoid ex-
tremes, all interest' might be reconciled. What produces
poaching, and what irritates the tenant', is not the existence
of a moderate amount, but of 10 excessive amount of game.
It will not pay to poach unless pheasants sad hares can be
killed by the dozen, and the tenant will cot grumble unless
these same animals invade his acres in large numbers. Bat
each superabundance is not necessary to that pleasant
amusement and beneficial recreation which is of reel service
and yields true enjoyment.
Them is nothing very cheering, the Daily /fees says, in
the reports of the year's crops from any part of the north
of Europe, any more than from the °Wyllie districts of
our own country. From the Continent the reports of the
crops in which our cattle have an interest are on the whole
very unfavourable. As to the wheat crow, there is a general
impression that the produce in America is large, while
scarcely any is likely to be swat to us till our prices over-
take theirs. At home, barley is perhaps the crop best re-
ported of. It was spoiled, with everything else, in the
flooded lands ; but there is less failure in bulk than of rye,
oats, or wheat, and there are fewer complaints of its quality,
though much of it is too dark for brewing purposes.
The theory of a state church put forward incidentally by
Archdeacon Deoison at the Norwalk Congress last week is
examined. The archdeacon says that the noocroeformist
body " must give up the preheats. to an equality with the
national church, an equality which it sever can have save
at the cost of a revolution, involving the destruction not of
this or that institution, but of all alike." But can the
archdeacon really believe that be can obtain a church
establishment which shall retain all its vomit
privileges on the cure hued, ud shake itself free of
all its present dimbilities on the other ? The only position
which will ultimately remain possible fora state church in
England is that of a mere institution for the dissemination
of certain moral teachiege-- a piece of ethical machinery,
which may do some good, and cannot well do any harm ; sad
there is a considerable party in the Aegliosn communise
whisk would gladly see it moonstrocted upon this footing.
The Daily Nnes would regard such a eoesummation as most
t.) the highest interact, whether of the ohm* sr

4
.._
of MMM'totem- 4 to this pat Archdeacon Nelson tar:
Ws with le. wish we 4101)d pawl& lilm to adopt
cot later,...
the MAW his midi."
ev• •
-r--
As the Po; construes the kismet intelligent., MN threat
so long held over our heads, that at the termination of the
civil war in America the goverameat at Washington would
make us responsible for the depredations of the Alabama
and her sister cruiser% is on the point of being realised, Mr.
Simard having called upon all persons who have suffered
losses by the Confederates, either on sea or land, to mad
in their claims to the government, in order that, in the..
cams in which the British government is considered to be
remoneible, they may be presented to it for settlemeat. It
is soanely likely—the Post assumes—that bur Majesty's
advisers would stultify themselves by acknowledging now
a liability which they have hitherto repudiated ; and it is
certain that the nation would unanimously protest against
a eoncremice which would derogate from the national dig-
nity, whilst it would impose on the taxpayers of this
country an unmerited penalty.
Skthedial reform and the yellow fever at Swansea are
discussed. As to the latter the Post holds that there is
nothing exceptional nor even remarkable in what has
occurred, if we except the very remarkable character of the
weather. The yellow oases can be perfectly well accounted
for, without supposing that the fever, of which they form
aggravated examples, was imported from Cuba in the
Reds. At all events, looting to what has occurred her
fore, Swansea was when the Reds arrived quite in a state
fitted to produce bad came of fever, with and without
yellow skin, independent of any foreign aid.

The Herald think' that the Spanish Goverment has
incurred fresh dangers by the mognition of the kingdom of
Italy. The recognition has alienated from the Queen the
bulk of the party who were lately the moat zealous sup-
porters of the dynasty. The clergy is intensely irritated,
and the midortune is that the previous policy of the
Queen's government has been nosh th►t the measure
has not enlisted for the dynasty soy great support
In the place of that which it has lost. The
throne of Queen Isabella may not have any more
enemies now than it had a few months ago,
but it has lost a good many of its defenders ; and if • re-
volutionary party—whether republican. Carlist, or Iberian
in Its aims—should find itself strong enough to make the
attack resolutely, the dynasty might be plaid in jeopardy
by the events of a day.
Mr. Muff are paper on the bankruptcy law read at the
Social Science Congress, shows the evils introduced by Lord
Weetbury's " greatly puffed but ill-advised measure."
Really to ameliorate the law of bankruptcy we must
in a groat measure reinstate the system which the first
reform ministry abolished. We must leave (continues the
Herald) the settlement of affairs as much as possible in the
hands of the creditors, and mast give them • ready access
to ►he court whenever it shall seem desirable to invoke Its
powers. The plan palmed is Scotland of leaving issues is
bankruptcy to courts of ordinary judicature, is productive
of delay and injury there, and if introduced here would still
farther Impede the trial of causes in our courts of equity
and common law. What is wanted is that business detail
should be left to business men, and that questions of legal
or equitable doctrines, of fraud, concealment, or other
misdeeds, should be administered by a court with ample
powers, permanent sittings, and competent judges.

The Telegraph treats of the testimonial just presented to 1
the ez•King of Naples by the deputation of Prumian eon•
servative nobles ; of the tionelosione as to the sources of
the visitation of the cholera formed by the French commis•
slaws. vie., the horde of If useulmsn devotees at the shrine
of the Prophet ; the conduct of Mr. Williams, a functionary
of the East London Union ; and Lord Derby's suggestions
respecting a National Portrait Exhibition.

Francis, the ex-King of Naples, is one of the forlorn
beings, says the Star, who are always trying to keep around
them some of the rap of royalty after the greatness and
the lustre, tke crown and the sceptre, have passed sway
from them for ever. It is meet and Put that the decaying
feudalism of Germany should console and reverence de-
throned legitimacy. The demonstration signifies little to
the active generation of to-day. It is as ineffectual as the
help which sword•in-band Count Stolberg and his noble
friends would have given to Francis the Second at (Gaeta,
only foe the unlucky something which preveuted them. It
serves lust at presset to remind the world that five years
ago there was a Bourbon King of Naples. and that he now
lives under a protection which can last him but little longer.
A letter of Prince de Joinville's of a far off date, reprinted
from the AMetiedill papers, in which the science of gunnery
is referred to, gives the Star an opportunity fur urging that
France and England simultaneously cease the excessive ex-
penditure on instruments of war. The time is favourable
fir coming to such an understanding with France as would
amble the respective budgets of the countries to pre-
sent a much more satisfactory upset. Is England
we might save as much as would enable the
Chancellor of the Exchequer to abolish the sugar duties;
In France they might have a balance to be appropriated in
exteading stall farther the bleatiop of that free trade
which has done so much for the Empire. With the United
States showing her vtgongth by putting off her armour, we
in Europe ought to be ashamed of our rivalry in producing
fronded' and big Ono.

The Advertiser commends to Mr. Hughes, Mr. Fawcett,
and Mr. Torrene the consideration of • paper on the present
working of the new poor law read at Sheffield by Mr. Fred.
HdL " The facts are indisputable ; the indigent poor at.
not well treated ; it belongs to them to find a remedy. And
►n this, as in most other matters of • similar kind, it will be
found, on proper inquiry, that the chief evil has arise•
from aggregation, and that subdivision will be the only
effectual remedy."
The Advertiser insists' that the directors of the Bank of
England are steering • wrong course. Instead of their
action in the present instance tending to give warning of •
crisis, and to prevent Its intensity, their management has
produced a financial disturbance where hardly any would
otherwise have existed. The present movement of the
Bank is almost entirely to says itself from the
i•oonvenienees of eta misdirection, and not to warn
the community or guide its operations by checking
too forward apeenlations or pointing to an approaching
scarcity of money. The machinery of the Bank of
England might be more easily brought into ooefortnity
with the exigencies of the commercial community
if • larger circulation of notes were allowed to
it, along with an increase of its capital. Perhaps
its action miglA be less spasmodic if it were more
powerful. It would seem, however, to be not unfair that
new powers of supplying the community with the neces-
sary circulating medium should be offered to the compe-
tition of other bodies of capitalists, if alone for the purpose
of securing the best bargain for the country. A consider-
able increase of the note circulation of the country might
be used to lighten the national taxation, and the class who
suffer so much from an 1111,011 t income tax on small in-
comes might perhaps be permanently relieved by means
of it.

gin froun.

BALMORAL, Ocr. 7.

The Queen went out in the morning with Princess
Helena, and in the afternoon her Majesty drove to Glen Ey,
accompanied by the Princess of Wales and Primus' Helens. s
Lieutenant-General, Mn., and Miss Roars had t e
honour of dining with the Queen and royal 'may.
-

Ocr. 8.

The Queen, accompanied by Prinoms Helena, and attended
by the Marchioness of Ely and Colonel the Hon. D. F.
de Roe, attended divine service in the parish church of
Crathie. _ .

The Rev. Dr. Boyd officiated.
Mr. Cardwell 114 the honour of dining with the Queen
and royal family.

Despatches were received yesterday at the Colonial-office
from the Governors of Malta, the Mauritius, the North
American Provinces, Vancouver's Island, and the Settle.
meet, on the West Coast of Africa. Despatches were sent
to the Governors of Malts, Ceylon, Hong Kong, and
Datum.

The Cattle Plague Commissioners met yesterday,
at 2, Victoria-street. Preseut, Earl Spencer, Lord
Cranbourue Mr. Lowe, Dr. Lynn Playfair, Mr.
Read, Dr. Bence Jones, Dr. Quain, Mr. Wormald,
and the Secretary.
" -

His Royal Highness Prince Amadeus, a neon-
mated by his Excellezey the Italian !insider, Coast
mast, the Kerrie BOK sad the members of his .site,
kit town yesterday for Newmarket. His royal hightmee
will to-day visit the camp at Aldershot. It is anticipated
that the Priam will taiga la London for shoat a tosiaight