The Express.
London, England, 1847-09-16 00:00:00

are;designatrd in the official reports of the 'hits' cargoes
according to the amount or quantity of grain on board in
bushels, which of course swells the numerical figures, and if
this quanti,y from Russia were reduced in the tame props,-
Lion, it would comprise more than three-quarters of a n
busl.cls of corn.
HARVEST IN FRANCE.—The Usieens contains the
following inforrertion respecting the result of the last crop in
France : " In Brittany and Normandy the harvest wu excel-
lent, and considerable quantities of new wheat have already
appeared in the markets. In Upper Normandy wheat sells
for 181 per hectolitre, and in Lower Normandy for 22f.
This difference is owing to the grain not being sufficiently
dry to be sent to market. The northern markets are also
stetted with new wheat. The last market at Lille pre-
sented double the quantity brought thither is August. An
important reduction in the price has taken place through-
out l'.cardy. It amounted to 71. or Bf. per hectolitre at
Arras; 81. to 7f. at Amiens; Bf. to 10f. at Beauvais;
7f. to 81. at Mootdidier; 3f. to 41. at St. Quentin;
sf. to Gf. at Font St. Maxence, and St at Clermont. In
the Beaune the fall was not so marked. It, however, ave-
raged 61. at Chartres and in the neighbouring towns. Lsrge
quantities of wheat and Hour arrived at Havre, from the
United States, at the close of August, and a fall likewise
ensued. In Alsace and Lorraine, at Meta, Nantes, and
Strasburg, the markets are abundantly supplied with new
corn. In the Mcurthe and Moselle the same abundance
prevails; and wheat is ••Ils, on an average, for 17f. per
hectolitre. At Nantes, Tours, and Angers prices continued
to decrease, in consequence of the numerous offers of new
wheat. In the country around Orleans, Bourget, Clermont,
and Lc Puy, the harvest was mot productive, and a consi-
derable diminution in the rates must shortly manifest itself.
The same may be said of Lyons, Dijon, and Besancon.
_At
Lyons the heetolite• of wheal awns for Pfet:4nd, fartlar
south, at Toulouse, for 17f."

HoLDING BACK THE Nzw CROP.—The wheat crop
of the United States for 1847 is probably the largest ever
harvested in the country, and yet the quantity of new
wheat which has reached a market up to the present time
is unprecedently small. Instead of the half-million of
bushels which, at a moderate computation, are ordinarily
brought to market before the let of September, it is be-
lieved that not more than 50.000 bushels of the new crop
has yet been uttered for sale. None has been received here,
and very little in New York or Philadelphia; and we
understand that it is impossible to buy new wheat at the
west, at rates which will permit buyers to realise a profit at
the present New York prices. The farmers in the interior
kayo made so much money during the past year, that they
can afford to hold back the products of the late harvest
until prices rise ; and the cons, quence is, that, notwith-
standing the immense crops of the present season, and the
amount of old stock remaining in the hands of pro-
iucers, &c., the markets are unusually bare of wheat, and
Hour is held at prices which could not be sustained for a
week, if the article were not kept back by holders in the
hope of obtaining an advance on its present value. Many
of our flour merchants expect that the next at amer will
bring tidings of a rise in Cur and wheat abroad. Should
this expectation he fulfilled, prices here, in consequence of
the barene.s of our markets, will probably run up beyond
the mark which the foreign advance will seem to justify ;
and when they have reached a point satisfactory to the
western farmers and other speculative holder', an avalanche
of flour and wheat will be poured into the Atlantic cities,
and we shall have a sudden collapse In prices, a panic, and •
smash. A few keen And cautious speculators will realise be-
, fore the market is swamped with supplies. and scores will be
ruined. The farmers, if they consulted their own interest,
would bring the produce of the late harvest forward now,
when they can obtain fair remunerating prices for it. If they
continue to hold it back on speculation, they will assuredly
have to take less in the end.—Troy IV/rig.

HINTS ON TILE PRE.ERVATION ot, POT.tTOES.—
The potato crop having arrived at a state of maturity, or
nearly so, near Edinburgh, and in an excellent state, it
becomes necessary to consider and ail,pt the best mode
or preserving them for seed or for future use. A few
years ago a premium was offered by the Royal Society of
Dublin for the hest mode of preserving them mare for tea
months after they bad been taken from the ground. The
following is an epitome of the method followed by the
successful candidate, with some preliminaries: The best
species of potato recommended f.Jr long keeping is the
apple (red or white), and they should have been planted
in March, ur at the farthest in the middle of April,
from the circumstance of that description taking a longer
time to mature in the ground than any other. It is aa
essentially necessary for the well-keeping and long.keeping
of the potato, of whatever description, that the crop be per-
fectly matured before taking out of the ground. The situa-
tion in which they are to be pitted must be in the coolest
that can ho found. Care must be taken that no water can'
lodge in the pits or about them. The pits must not be in
any way exposed to the influence of the south sun. An in-
c'oseel place, surrounded by large trees, is to be preferred,
but not under their drop. The cooler the situation is, w:icn
dry, the longer will the potato remain without vegetating.
Those potatoes which obtained the prize were lifted out a
the ground when fully ripe, so late as the month of No-
vember. They were pitted, as to situatioa eu4
Is the gunner shiftily described, and, in other-rVre,lh
carefully as usual. In the middle of the following March
the potatoes were taken out of the pits and conveyed to
a potato-house, which was else in a great degree over-
&Mowed by large trees, and that part of the roof exposed to
the sun was nearly covered with ivy. There they remained
till the 4th of June, undergoing the proeess of being care-
fully turned over with a wooden shovel every fortnight, or
thereabout'. Any buds that w-ere produced, which by this
system were eompamtively very few, were not picked off.
On the 4th of June there were six cwt. of apple potatoes
selected for further experiment. Two cwt. of these were
put in a loft over the potato-house, in which was a louvre
window facing to the north, and admitting all the changes
of the external air. Two cwt. more were put in a cool
room, under the same loft, to which there was frequent
access. The remaining two cwt. were put in a vault, on a
level, however, or nearly so, with the surrounding surface,
the whole building being completely overshadowed by large
trees, evergreens, and ivy. It was in this situation that he
succeeded in keeping or preserving the potatoes, of which
he gives the following notes as they were taken : I placed
a thermometer in the vault, and immediately after the
potatoes were removed from the potato-house, on the 4'h
of June, the degree of heat in the vault at twelve o'clock
at noon was 52 degrees; at six o'clock in the afternoon 22
degree. also. Another thermometer, in the open air,
on the same day (4th of June), at twelve o'clock at noon,
was 72 degrees • r.t six in the afternoon GI degrees. I
continued to observe that in the vault, from the circum-
stance of its being so completely overshadowed by trees,
&c., the degree of heat was almost always the same,
whether the day was warm, cold, or changeable. In
the other situations its which I put the potatoes, where in
one case I had an open louvre window, and in the other
a tolerable cool mom, to which, however, there was fre-
quent access, I have also placed thermometers, but found
that the degrees of heat varied often, in fact, almost every
hour of the day, from the circumstance of the partial admis-
sion of atmospheric air through the louvre window in one
case, and the continual ingress and egress to the other.
Suffice it to say that in neither of these places the potatoes
kept longer than the usual time, about the middle of August
—those on the left being the firsato fail, although they had
the same care as those in the vault in every other respect.
The latter, however, when the degree of heat continued
steady at 52 degrees, remained quite sound and fresh, and
are likely to be so for two or three months longer, so will
appear by the sample produced." The result of the experi-
ment is, that a cool, low, dry, and even temperature, in a
sheltered situation, is the best preservative of potatoes and
other tubers—North British Bail.