The Express.
London, England, 1853-10-05 00:00:00

THE EXPRESS, WEDNESDAY EVENING, OCTOBER 5, 1853.

LATEST FROM THE CONTINENT.

■LICTRIC TIMM:MATH )
FRANCE.

PARIS, MUD IT EVINtNG.

The Bonne to day has been exceedingly agitated
by unfavourable news from Constantinople via
Vienna. The final quotations at official hours show
a fall from yesterday's prices of 11 per cent. in the
Threes, and of 1 per cent. in the Four-and-a-Half
per Cents.
Closing prices:—Three per Cent. Rentes, 74.10;
Four-and-a-Half per Cents., 100.:10; Bank Shares,
2,800.

VIENNA, bIoxDAT Evz.vnio.

The Bourse has been excited today by the state-
ment that the Porte has declared war against Russia.
The funds have declined, and the exchange on London
has risen. Five per Cent. Metallic; 92; Bank
Shares, 1,320; exchange on London, 10.50.

RUSSIA AND TURKEY.

Yesterday we stated in our entire impression that
a telegraphic despatch had been received from Con-
stantioople announcing that the Sultan had declared
war against Russia on the 27th ult. We added that
the news came from "an excellent source, and was
believed by parties of high standing io monetary
circles;' but that, notwithstanding this, the facts
were probably somewhat exaggerated.
During the. last twenty-four hours the same news
has been several times repeated from Vienna in pri-
vate despatches, without, however, tither gaining or
losing in point of authentication.
What makia the announcement much easier of
belief is certain 11.-!..lligence of the proceedings of the
Sultan's grand council on the 26th ult. In that
rarely-convoked assembly, where whatever is greatest
and most revered in the Ottoman state is fully re-
presented, and where the monarch seeks advice
from all who have attained to eminence in the
publio service, the position of the Sultan, I
his territory invaded, his people wounded in
their independence, was seriously debated, and
in the end it was revolved, seeing that all offers
of accommodation had been rtjected, that war alone
could terminate a state of things so intolerable. But
immensely as this resolution increases the probabi-
lity of war, the despatch announcing that a declara-
tion had been signed must rest on its own evidence.
To resolve war is not to declare it, and the firmest
resolutions may be changed. Moreover, the respon-
sibility of an ultimate decision lies not with the
Or..nd Council, numbering some 130 members, but
with the ministers of state actually holding office,
and in number not exeeeding twelve or fifteen indi-
viduals. It is needless to add, that the statement
under consideration can derive no collateral support
from the rumours mentioned in some despatches
from Vienna that hostilities have already broken
out. Such hostilities, had they taken place, could
not have taken place in consequence of anything re-
'solved on at Constantinople on the 27th, and both
reports must, therefore, rest on their own merits. It
would be equally erroneous to connect the departure
of the Emperor of Austria and the King of l'russia
for Warsaw from their respective capitals with the
news from Constantinople, the appointment of
those journeys having been known here several
days since.
The serious character of the intelligence from Con-
stantinople of course diminishes the comparative
importance of that last received from ()blintz.
Should. however, the European ambassadors at the
Porte have succeeded in delaying the declaration of
war advised by the Turkish Grand Council, the
propositions entertained at Olmntz will recover their
value. At present theT exist only in the form of
propositions which France and England are at
liberty to reject or approve, if indeed they have not
already done so. Circumstances had greatly changed
(apart from the rumours of the last two days) since
the proposal of a collective declaration was first
made upon the rejection oftheTurkish modification s,and
it would not be surprising if the two cabinets should
decline to commit the cause which they have made
their own to the dilatory handling of the former
conference. It is understood that Lord Westmore-
land last week communicated the result of the con-
ference to the government by telegraph, and he is
doubtless by this time in possession of his instruc-
tions on this head.

The following letter from our Constantinople cor-
respondent has been delayed through some cause as
yet unexplained ; its intelligence, however, reaches
us at a most seasonable moment, when reliable in-
formation respecting public feeling in Turkey is
necessary to a due estimation of the telegraphic
despatches:
CONSTANTINOPLE, fixer. D.

The answer of the Russian cabinet is hourly ex-
pected, and which, if unfavourable, it is generally
supposed, will lead without delay to the most serious
results. It is impossible much longer to restrain the
popular extsperation, and within these last few days
the chiefs of the Esnaf presented petitions to the Sul-
tan, to the Grand Vizier, and to the National Coun-
cil, urging in the strongest terms to commence hos-
tilities, and consider as a casus belli the invasion of
the Principalities. The petitioners were referred to
the Sheik-ul-Islam as the head and expounder of the
law, who used all the arts of persuasion to induce
them to return peaceably to their homes, and leave
the national honour and dignity safe in his hands.
On this assurance they were required to declare on
oath that they would use their best endeavours to
appease their dependents, but they intimated that
there were little hopes of being enabled to do so much
longer, inasmuch as their territory had been in-
vaded, the national honour and dignity insulted, and
the public law of Europe openly violated by the
atrocious acts of the Czar.
The fact is, the most serious conwquences of popu-
lar indignation had been apprehended oa the festival
of the Kurban Berm, and the police reports, it is
said, were of the most alarming nature. Lord Red-
cliffs and Monsieur de la Cour, having been, it ap-
pears, officially informed of this circumstance, re-
mained in close conference till two o'clock in the
morning of Saturday, the 12th inst. It was notified
to them that the beraskier was at the head of this
popular movement, that the whole force of the exe-
cutive was in his hands—the fleet, the army, and the
police entirely at his disposal—in short, that the
government was no longer muter of the situation.
The object in view was to place Aziz Effendi, the
heir apparent, on the throne, and depose the
Sultan, who, in consequence of his weak and vacil-
lating attitude in the present difficulty, was no
longer worthy of the notices' confidence. The two
ambassadors, with a view to the preservation of
order, and being prepared for every eventuality,
decided on despatching M. Benedetti, the French
Secretary of Embassy, to Beaika, requiring the
admirals to send up, without delay, four ships of the
line, with some steamers, from the combined fleets.
The admirals, however, considered sufficient for every
purpose a reinforcement of four steam frigates, in
addition to five already in port, and which forthwith
were sent up accordingly.
It is understood that the Grand Vizier and Res-
chid Pacha had decided on advising the Sultan to
exile the Seraskier, with the principal chiefs of the
war party, and thus paralyse the action of the
masses. It is unnecessary. to say that the Seraskier
diselaims all treasonable intentions, and that he has
been animated throughout these negotiations with
the most conciliatory dispositions, and the desire for
a pacific solution, as far as consistent with the na-
tional honour and dignity.
. .

- -
I give you this report from a respectable source,
although I discredit altogether the treasonable in-
tentions imputed to the &Junkier. A near relative of
mine, who hu known him from his earliest years,
assures me that ho is entirely devoted to the
Sultan, a true patriot, a deadly enemy of Rus-
sia, a man of energy and courage, and firmly
attached to England and her policy. His
I faith, however, in British professions, as
I well as that of the Osmanlis in general, has been
considerably weakened by the miserable policy of
the Aberdeen administration, and which, in fact, is
a general object of comment and contempt. Lord
Palmerston's noble speech, which is in the mouth of
every Turk, shows him, it is true, a splendid and
honourable exception to the rule. The camp and
city resound his praise, and the ardent prayer of
every Osmanli is that he may be soon again at hie
old post of foreign affairs. The cholera is at Odessa,
and, by a decision of the Council of Health, of the

lith inst., Russian arrivals by sea and lend are to I
perform quarantine. Orders to this effect hale been
transmitted in all directions; and the measure, if it
have no other effect, will at least keep off from the
left bank of the Danube Russian spies and emu-1
=ries.

A =respondent writes:
BUCHAREST, SkTT 22.
"A few days ego the Prince of Coburg and the
Duke de Nemours arrived here, alighted at the
Europa Hotel, and have now left us for Jassy.
" Our political and military situation are alike
uncertain, and no one knows what a day may bring
forth. Upon one point only are all agreed, namely,
that the departure of the Russians is for the present
utterly out of the question. The first consequence
of this belief is an advance in the price of all the',
necessaries of life. The commander of the Walla-
chian forces lately applied to the ministry for a con-
siderable supply of wood ' for the use of the troops!
of the regency stationed on the Danube.' People
here, however, persist in believing that this demand
is really made in favour of the Russian soldiery, and
they are meat likely right.
"Last week Prince Gortschakoff received de-
spatches from fit. Petersburg, by special courier,
and imm •diately tho report was circulated that the
Danube was to be crossed immediately. The de-
parture of the commander-in-chief on the following
day was regarded as a confirmation of the rumour,
but he returned hither two days afterwards, and it
appeared that he had only been mustering the
troops at Oltensa.
" Three days ago eight squadrons of hussars and a
park of artillery arrived here from Purlita and
Draganesehti. 'the hussars left on the nt.:st day for
Maguerto, and the artillery was stationed at Pantri-
litron, about four miles from here. The Russian
troops have been moved up from Scherkinetschin to
Kalafat, on the Danube, over against Widdin.
" Eight days ago, it is said, two Russian officers at
Giutgeno rowed over to ltustschuk in a boat, and
were well received by the Turks, because they
belonged to the Circassian corps. I have before
told you that desertions had become very frequent in
the Russian army, even among the officers, and that
it is generally punished with death. Sickness, too,
is increasing very fast. Intermittent fever is cape-
! cially prevalent, and I am told that the number of
invalids is not less than 10,000, although this state-
ment is probably exaggerated. That the number is
very great is pretty evident, from the fact that in
Bucharest we have nearly 2.000 men in the various
ihospitals."

FRANCE.

PARIS, NoNDAT EVENINO.

All the latest news received here has a very oppo-
site tendency to that of the Assembler. A telegra-
phic despatch from Berlin, dated only yesterday,
states that the King of I'ruasia has gone to Warsaw.
This, at the present crisis, is a most important piece
of intelligence. It destroys the value of all the infe-
rences drawn from his absence, and tends to esta-
blish the accuracy of the German journals, which
assert positively that an entente cordiale was ef-
fected between the three northern powers at 01-
mutz. Again, a letter from Olmutz, in the Lloyd
of Vienna, ea). :—" Only Count Nesselrode, Count
Buol de Schaucnstein, and Baron de Mcyendorff,
took part in the conferences properly so called.
There were some conversations in which the other
diplomatists at Olmutz took part, bat they had no
connexion with the conferences." This, coupled
with the careful assertion that Lord Westmoreland
war at Olmutz as an officer, and not as an ambassa-
dor, shows how completely France and England
were considered to be kept at arms' length while the
military sovereigns made their own • arrangements.
The Paris Prase of this evening says it is assured
that all the reports of a reduction,intheAustrian army
are unfounded; and that so far from this being the
case, all the Austrian soldiers on furlough have been
ordered to join their regiments. Moreover the editors
of the Vienna papers have been sent for by the
police, and ordered not to notice any move-
ments of troops in the Austrian empire. Notwith-
standing aU this, it is more than probable
that some new bait for diplomacy was devised at
Olmutz. The Czar is not bigoted to any particular
form of words eo long as he gains his ends in sub-
stance. The Assnib/a is not alone in suggesting
something of this kind. The Correspondanec Au-
trichienne of the Ist says that a new arrangement
was come to at Olmutz, and will be offered to the
Porte ; but it is evident that the arrangement here
spoken of was the work of Russia herself, and that
France and England were no parties to it. It
is curious that the Assembke, which now
speaks of the Conference of Vienna as being
re-established, has never admitted that it was
dissolved. On the contrary, it maintained that the
conference had merely ceased to act because its mis-
sion was at an end. While on this subject I must
notice that the Russian party in Paris ostentatiously
say that the Czar will not resent the frigates going
to Constantinople, because they were sent merely to
protect the Christian residents. This explanation
was,
I have no doubt, given in the first instance.
But certainly no such excuse has been made for the
subsequent order given for the entry of the
entire fleets. We do not yet know what
the Emperor Nicholas will say to this, but we
may be very sure that, if in the step alluded to by
the Assembler he may have shown any apparent
moderation, he will assume the position of an ill-
used person, and endeavour to make out, as hitherto,
that the allies of Turkey are the aggressors.
The Constilutionncl says: "It is positively stated
that the cabinets of London and of Paris have just
sent off simultaneously for SG Petersburg cabinet
couriers, who are supposed to be charged with import-
ant communications. They have orders to evince as
much promptitude as possible in their journey, and
it is supposed that they will be in St. Petersburg
on the 6th inst.

The lifondeur de !'Oise states that the Emperor
and the Empress are expected at Compitlgne about
the Bth inst. The municipal council has voted a
sum of 4,000 fr. for the proper reception of their
Majesties.
The Independanee Beige says that a mimage is
about to be solemnised between one of Queen Chri-
stina's daughters and the son of the Duke de Casig-
Rano (of the princely house of Corsini), Minister of
Foreign Affairs in Tuscany. The betrothed pair
were, it says, together at the opera the other night,
in the imperial box, with Queen Christina, and at-
tracted general attention on account of their engage-
ment being known. The Independance, which has
always descredited the report of an alliance between
Prince Napoleon and one of Queen Christina's
daughters, now professes to be unable to say whether
the future Duchess of Casigliano is the same young
lady who was destined for Prince Napoleon.
The Prefect of the Pas de-Calais has dissolved the

Municipal Council of Alontreuil-ear-Mer, on the
grounds of its having shown resistance to tho
mea-
-1 of the superior authorities. A commission has
been formed to perform temporarily the functions of
the council. One of the complaints made of the
council is a refusal to use the word "deiwucnient"
in an address to the Emperor.
The receipts of the custom house at Havre during
the last month amounted to 3,043,980 fr. In Septem-
ber, 1832, they were 2,833,041 fr. In September,
182, the amount of drawback was 6,773 fr., whereas
during September, 1833, it has been 17,401 fr.
It is stated that the naval squadron under the
orders of Admiral Charner, has received from the
Minister of Marine orders to proceed to Cherbourg
as soon as the weather permits.
The Satellite receives concurrent intelligence from
Moldavia and Wallachia, that new bodies of Russian
troops aro continually moving towards the Danube.
Whole caravans of bullock carts incessantly convoy
munitions of war from Bessarabia into the Princi-
palities.
The correspondent of the Trieste Gazette writes
from Constantinople on the 19th, that the lilemas, in
urging the Porte to vindicate the national honour by
war, declared that they were anxious that the persons
and property of their Christian fellow-subjects should
not be in the least injured ; that on the contrary,
they were ready to act in the spirit of the precept
in the Koran, which enjoins that the Christians
shall be treated as brethren.

- The Presse of Vienna has the following from Con-
stantinople, dated the 19th ult. :
The late of Kurban Bairam has passed off with the
greatest calm. The energetic attitude of the government
in presence of the war party has greatly contributed to thi►
result. Measures had been taken for the protection of the
quarters inhabited by Christiana. The Sheik of Islam had
an audience of the Sultan, the result of which tended greatly
to calm the public mind. The Sultan is reported to have

said at this audience that if religion ehould require
it be would place himself at the head of the uati•at,
but he added that he did not yet see that rel;.;:
was in peril. The Sheik ul Islam again went to the
Sultan after the receipt of the news of the rejection
of the snAifications or the note 44 Vienna by Russia.
to represent to him once mare that the quarrel was still
political, and that so long as things should remain in that
state he would use ail h.s efforts to arrange the difference in
a manner compatible with the interests or his throne. After
this conversation, an arrange merit was cuncluded between
the war and peace parties, and it was decided to wMt for
the arrival of the despatches which the ambassadors were
to receive on the 23rd. Lord Bedell& has frequent con-
ferences with Rescbid kasha, and he is also frequently seen
with the Grand Seraskier. :He endeavours, it is said, to
bring about a reconciliation betwee n the two ratesineu. It
is announced that the sending of reit:dorm meats to the
army of the Danube has been suspende d. It is thought that
the Turkish army of Rouruelia is strong enough to defend
the Balkans, but reinforcements are sent to the army
of Asia. There are 11:0,000 men on the frontiers corn.
minded by refugees. Thu following is an extract front the
petition presented to the Sultan by the Claims :—" The
Sultan will not abase Mintier so fur as to recognise the
°Mears as masters of the believers throughout the empire.
The descendant of the prophet has alone tho right to com-
mand. The Ulemas, the faithful guardians of the Koran,
attest that they are truly devoted to the Sultan, and that
they are ready to sacrifice for him their life anti property,
and to empl-y every means to induce the true believers to
fight for their master, their prophet, their God, and their
Emperor, agaiust the haughty Gilman', and they hope that
God and his prophet will accord them the victory. Let the
Sultan consider, thet full of confidence in God and his
prophet, he is not warranted in showing any weakness
at the moment when armed squadrons are collected ar nod
him from all parts of the empire to defend him. Were he
to content to yield to the dogs of Christians he would he
responsible therefore before God and his prophet. Let the
Sultan remove from around him all cowards, and retain the
brave, who, like the lion, know no danat r, and let hint
I place himself at their head against the enemy, who will fly
like the night before the day, and as straw is dispersed by
I a blast of wind. Courage, Sultan !" The address ternii-
' nates in the following words: " God and the prophet aid
u.. Ilia standard precedes us, and his servants still live.
Praise be to God, to the seventh Heaven, and to the pro.
phet! " This address had caused great uneasiness. Even
preparations were made to proceed to Adrianople in case of
an outbreak, but everything became calm.

SWITZERLAND.

For several days, says a correspondent, dating
Berne, Sept. 30, we have seen numerous groups of
Austrian workmen wandering through our streets.
having come to Berea to have their passports risrd
at the bureau of the Austrian embassy. Most of
them look exceedingly downcast, at being suddenly
forced to leave their employmeut, and give up u
comfortable living, to go back to Austria.
The Federal Council of Switzerland gave, on the
29th ult., its annual dinner to the members of the
diplomatic corps. The Ministers of France, Eng-
land, and Sardinia, and all the attack's were present,
the whole number of guests being about sixty. The
Ministers of Austria and Prussia were not at the
dinner, the first being in ill humour about Ticino,
and tho second about Neufchatel. All the members
of the Federal Council were present, except M.
Munzinger. M. de Salignac-FCM!lon, Minister of
France, was on the right of M. Neeff, the President
of the Federal Council. M. Druey sat between that
Minister and Count de Gobineau, the First Secretary
of Embassy of France.

ITALY.

-4. -

The Parlament° of Turin, of tho 30th ult., an-
nounces that Count d'Appony, the Austrian Minister,
would depart, on the following day, on an unlimited
leave of absence.

Tho Divisional Council of Genoa had received a
communication from the Marquis Camillo Pallavi-
cino relative to the National Guard, the object of
which was to suppress the obligation of serving in
that militia, and to convert it into a corps of volun-
teers. Last year the marquis already brought for-
ward the proposition which he renewed this session.
Combated by the lutcnclunt-General. it was not
taken into consideration by the Cdtincil.
We read in the Echo della Borsa of Milan :

. .
On Monday evening sax men, armed with daggers, at-
tacked a caleche, at a short distance from the Roman gate,
and robbed the gentlemen and ladies who were in it. A
patrol of gendarmes happening to arrive at the moment
pursued the banditti, and took three of them prisoners.
One of the gendarmes was dangerously wounded in the
encounter.

General Baron de Stnrmer, governor of the fortress
of Peschiera, died on the 26th._

Accounts 'from Florence of the 27th state that the
works of the Central ltailway were rushed IN ith the
utmost activity on several points of the Appcnines,
near La Porretta. They, however, offered consider-
able difficulties, and it was considered indispensable
to construct three long tunnels and several smaller
ones.

According to letters from Itome, an English com-
pany had applied to the Pope for the concession of a
railway between Ancona and Brindisi, passing or
not passing through Rome. The government had
appointed a commission to examine the project.
The Leo dell Everett:a of Naples, of the 22nd,
states that since the publication of the royal decree

SPAIN.

••••

The Madrid journals of the 28th ult. state that the
ex-minister of marine, M. Doral, had published the
memoir prepared by him for the congress on the coal
contract affair. The Duke de Montpeusier had gone
to Seville to prepare his palace of San Telmo for the
reception of certain members of his family, who are
to pass the month of October with him. It was said
that the minister of war intended to re-organise the
army by dividing the infantry regiments into batta-
lions and increasing the grenadiers and light infan-
try. A letter says " One of the first measures pub-
lished by the Gazette will be the convocation of the
Cortes. This will put an end to the recriminations
of the oppositlon. The Marquis de Mani, the
new minister of marine, has arrived here. Con-
trary to what was said yesterday, General Ler-
sundi, the ex-President of the Council, has declined
to accept the Captaincy-General of Seville, to which
he was nominated. His resignation, and that of
General de la Concha, have been accepted by the go-
vernment. It is not yet known who will be named
to the directorship of cavalry and to the captaincy-
general of Seville, which is the most important after
that of Madrid, on account of its being the residence
of H.R.H. the Duchess do Montpeneier. Some
changes are to take place in our diplomatic body.
M. Soule, the United States Minister, is expected
this evening; the government has resolved to receive
him as the envoy of a friendly government, and it
will await his acts."

A decree of the Spanish government decides that
foreign steamers of 400 tons and upwards, inclusive
of the machinery, shall be subjected to the duty set
down in Art. 45 of the tariff, namely, 37f. 26c. the
1,000 kilogrammes. Another decree orders that
wines of all kinds imported into Spain in half bottles
shall be subjected to the duties set forth for cham-
pagne in Art. 1310 of the tariff, namely, 72c. when
brough in Spanish bottoms, and 94c. in foreign bot-
toms and by land.