The Express.
London, England, 1849-01-06 00:00:00

►Y EVENING, I,

'ART 6, 1M9..

one of sonsiderable trial. Add to this the number of
customs &cies which have been reduced and abolished
sines 1828. The iraproventents made of late years in
oar system of customs duties have enabled us to derive
an increased revenue from diminished rates. Is
the stamp there bee been no improvement by reducing
or re-adjusting the rates, and the consequence is that
the pose revenue from this source (hackney coach
lioenoes, &0., included), which, in the four years end-
ing 1831, averaged about 7,300,0001., averaged in the
four years ending 1847, about 7,300,000 k The
expanded business of the country has produced no
effect on this branch of the revenue.

The late hour at which these returns have reached
us, precludes a more minute examination at present ;
but there is one consideration connected with them
which does not admit of being deferred.
The grow revenue of 1828 was fifty-five millions
and a halt; the gross revenue of 1847 wu rather
more than fifty-six millions. Thel total expenditure
of 1828 was rather more than fifty-six minims; the
total expenditure of 1847 (deducting the million
and a half spent in relieving Irish dis-
tress), was little lees than fifty-eight millions.
The ministers of 1847 had a larger revenue to dispose
of than the ministers of 1828 ; the charge of the debt
has been reduced in the interim by a million ; the
civil list has been reduced from upwards of a million
to less than four handfed thousand ; and yet the ex-
penditure of the year 1847 exceeds that of 1828 far
more than its revenue. With an income of fifty-five
millions and a half the ministers of 1828 had au ex-
am of expenditure of eight hundred thousand ; with
a revenue of upwards of fifty-six millions the mivis-
tars of 1847 had an excess of expenditure of a million
and a half, the extraordinary supplies for Ireland not
included. The tendency of all governments is to spend
up to and in emcee' of their income. To reduce taxa-
tion before contracting expenditure is to begin at
the wrong end ; to readjust taxation simply with
a view to levy a larger income by lower rates is to
encourage extravagance. Trade has been relieved by
an improved tariff, and yet the customs yield a larger
Revenue. l'ilanutactures have been relieved at the
expense of reducing the excise revenue by some six
millions. But due care has not been taken to curtail
expenditure, and the consequence is, that for the six
millions of excise duties taken off our shoulders we
have had an income tax of five millions and a half
laid on, and still ministers cannot make ends meet.

THE most rational and philanthropic act that diplo-
mscy could do would certainly be an act of suicide, an
act putting an end to its purpose and profession, and
undoing all that it hes been doing for these many
hundred years. The progress of the age indeed
almost calls for this. The lamentable and ridiculous
efforts which diplomacy in all countries has of late
been making to give itself importance, and to do
something, whilst persons and events went on alike
regardless and contemptuous of diplomatic stir, are
indeed sufficient symptoms that the science, as it
stands, is effete.

The first essays of European diplomacy were alli-
ances of the powerful to despoil the weak, with the
view of furthering personal or dynastic interests.
which produced the more noble counter alliances of
the weak against the strong. The seventeenth century
introduced a great principle to struggle for, that of
religious freedom. Popular diplomacy labcured for
this, whilst that of great empires was employed either
to crush it, or to convert it, as France did, to selfish
aggrandisement. In the eighteenth century religion
ceased to be so prominent a political motive.
Zeal died away, or had worn itself down to
mutual tolerance by the experiment of past sufferings.
The nineteenth century brought another principle,
that of internal freedom, of the rights and influence
lof the non-aristocratic classes. Wars and quar-
rels, which were at first exclusively for princely
I interests, then for religious tenets, in the eighteenth
century were more for national aggrandisement, have
come in our day to be waged almost exclusively fur
the advancement of the popular and representative
principle, or of the despotic and aristocratic system.
No power in Europe, whatever its opportuniti.e,
seems now to care or look for aggrandisement. Se-
curity at home, and not so much from the arms as
from the political principles of its neighbours, seems
the predominant idea with all governments.
In this state of things a very large and influential
body of English citizens hive formed an association
for the furtherance and establishment of the principle
of peace. The first step to such an accomplishment
has already been taken by the law of non-interven-
tioe, which is already aumitted in theory by all go
veroments, and only requires the unanimous support
of public opinion throughout the world to enforce it
in practice. Were the principles of non-intervention
fully established, all wars for the furtherance or pre-
vention of political ce• religious forms or opinions in
neighbouring countries would cease ; and even op-
pressed people would profit by it. For as it is,
they are tempted to insurrection and resistance with-
out sufficient preparation or resources, because they
mint upon foreign aid, which is given or refused
from caprice or from •he wants and interests of the
powerful states, the weaker ones being left almost in
all cases, and especially at present, to be the victim
and the dupe. The wh,ild secret of Italian and of
Spanish misery, anarchy, and civil war lies in the
dependence of those countries on foreign sympathy
and succour, instead of trusting to their own good
sense and independent exertions.
The first and chief preservative of peace at the pre-
sent time is this law of non-intervention. But the
Peace Association looks farther, and seeks to
lay foundations for the future avoidance of war in all
cases, and this by means of the introduction of arbi-
tration clauses into treaLies._ Th's would indeed prove
a great preventive of war, and of that which was the
most fertile source of it, difference about frontiers and
territorial aggrandisement. England, to be sure, is
not very seriously implicated with European countries
in matters of delimitation, especially now that the great I
courts themselves set the example of tearing asunder
the provisions of the treaty of Vienna, and
of modifying them, so as to suit their
pleasure or convenience. To England, however, it
would be mo,t important to have such a stipulation
inserted in its treaties with the United States. It
would, in fact, make the two nations one, and place
En!!under the guarantee of the public opinion of
It cause of quarrel remain between the
United States and us, on the score of Canada, who is
there that does not feel, that the struggle for that coun-
try must be carried on by England and by the United
States, in trying which shall perfec, the best system
of government in every respect, in cheapness, fairness,
security, and in all the qualities which attach a popula-
tioc ? If our government of Canada dots not keep pace
in this with the government of the States, what num-
ber of guns and soldiers can supply our inferiority ?
Not a million. In America and in every other part
of the globe, we must henceforth contend in the arts
of peace. The chief place in which we want general-
ship is in our legislative campaigns.
The introduction of arbitration clauses into all
treaties is a most excellent, most philanthropic, and at
the same time a moat practical idea. And the pre-
sent moment is most opportune for it ; for we kn
not a government in Europe likely to repudiate it.
For none, as we have said, is bent on territorial
aggrandisement. That of France continues eminently
forbearant anu pacific, and not merely in the meetings
of its new cabinet ; but, even in those of its old BONA-
PARTE soldiers, of which we read a graphic account
lately, war is eschewed as something utterly undesirable
and out of date.

With respect to ourselves, we are still unfortunately
implicated more or less by stupid and antiquated
treaties, having really no reference to the present
state of Europe. Oar guarantees of the mentenanee
of certain dynasties, as in Spain and Portugal,
our being appealed to by. virtue of treaties concluded
centuries back, to maintain Denmark in possession of
Schleswig, for example : all these superannuated en-
gagements ought to be revised, and our diplomacy re-
formed, like our law, by the erasure of the obsolete,
the iniquitous, the illiberal, and the abated. We trust.,
the Peace Association will follow up its aims in this
respect, and that it will agitate, if such a word can
be appied to the Cnristian efforts of the Society of
Friends, and of those who politically sympathise with
them, for the puttirg au cud to the disgraceful sys-
tem of expending one-half or one-third of a nation's
revenue in scientific preparations for cutting the
throats of its neighbours and its fellow-men.

WE must confess t'-at we attacked the adm7uistra-
tion of the orphan school's with much reluctance, and
that, notwithstanding a deep conviet;on that they did
not fulfil the duty whic.l their liege front.' and prJ-
spectuses announced, still, our atm wan to warn
rather than hurt, to reform heir auperstructure in-
stead of disturbing the foundations. We ate etiil in

hope that our strictures have had good effect, and
if in our eagerness to reform we have produced any
uncharitable consequences, we are really sorry, not
for the feet, but for the necessity.
Among the rap-taps which startle people over
their breakfast chocolate and morning newspaper at
this auspicious and bill-delivering season, by no
means the least frequent are those of the "collectors."
What excuses there are about that "annual guinea."
" Say we're engaged ;" " request him to call spill ;"
" well send an order ." or, " we're confident it's paid."
One might really almost fancy, after all, that these
unhappy collectors were not overpaid, seeing how their
patience must be tried and what they have to bear.
We have heard some stories lately of the Orphan
Society oollectors having found their task more diffi-
cult than ever. " It's of no we," said one of them
emphatically to the bland secretary the other day—
" that confounded Daily News r " What, sir," said
an old subscriber, " after such daylight has been
thrown upon your system—your elections, and your
inmates—your vote•borrowing, and year expendi-
ture in salaries—surely you do not venture to
call on us again r Well, having brought
the societies to this point, will they take
the friendly advice we offer to them? Let
them look over what has been said of them in a
calm, rational, and dispassionate spirit. Let them
decide whether the abuses assailed do not require
reformation. Let them candidly and fairly set about
the work of amendment, and we will be among the
first to recognise it when we meet with it. Some of
these societies, we know, it would be difficult to
reform ; from others we can expect and hope for
nothing : bat certain among the best conducted of
them we may hope to have brought to a sense of what is
right to themselves, and due from them to the public.
%e address these, therefore, kindly and charitably,
and without anger, as befits the time, and we hope
they may profit by our warnings and admonitions.
Amongst the societies which have shown some indi-
cation of being brought to a due sense of the error of
its ways is the London Orphan Asylum. This insti-
tution we always referred to as among the most re-
spectable of the lot, although it was net without the faults
of principle common to its class. The directors of the
LondonOmhanAsylum hence find it necessary to issue a
special address to their subscribers and friends. We
have pleasure in referring to it as drawn up io a very
proper spirit. It is far trom being a complete, or, to
our minds, a satisfactory document, but if it does not
inset our objections, it at any rate attempts no defence
of the system, and that is saying something iu its
favour. The managers address themselves to two
points. First, they say "it is asserted that we
are extravagant, and it is supposed we are
rich." They deny the extravagance—but they prove
it. The extravagance of which we complained, as
regarded this society specially, was the extravagance
of the expenses of management as contradietin-
Relished from the outlay on the children they support.
We quote from an article in the Express of
November 3:

The London Orphan AsTlum had an income last year of
10,4831. Its expenditure in housekeepim!, clothing, outfit.,
and rewards for children, was 8,1781.; in rent and taxes,
furniture, printing, advertisements, anniversary dinner,
salaries, poundage, law charges and repairs, 4,0961. ; or no
less than two-thirds of the money espende.i on the orphan..
Of this large proportion it was, at the same time,
remarked that no less than 1,2631. was expended in
" salaries and wages," and 2841. more in " collector's
poundage." The managers of the asylum take the
trouble to prove the extravagance of these charges
for us in another way. They take the expenditure of
the establishment in each year, from 1836 to 1847,
and show the average annual outlay per child ender
each of the various h-ads of expenditure. In the
year 1847 it. appears that there yru an extra outlay
of 1,5501. in repairs and alterations ; so that, in fair-'
ness to the asylum, we are obliged to take the expen-1
diture of 1846 to illustrate the case. Now, in 1846
there were 354 children in the school, and the ex-
penditure upon them was 8,6591., or an average of
about 241. per child. How do you suppose the com-
mittee proportion this ? We take their own figures
Provisions, fuel, and washing, per child £ll 6 9
Clothinc ditto
Salaries and wages, ditto
Repairs and all other expenses, ditto 4 5 10
Outfits and reward, 1 14 9
So that whilst the absolute maintenance of these
children coats only 141. per head per annum, clothing
included, each child they maintain costa the public no
less than 41. a year for salaries to the officers of the
asylum. This is on a par with the item in the Army
Estimates, of 41. a year for a soldier's clothes, and ten
shillings a year to the colonel for merely ordering
them.

Then as to their funded property : 16,760/. is the
sum this asylum his accumulated in the Three and
Three-and-a-Half per Cents. To meet this the mana-
gers say, lachrymosely, that "their annual income,
arising from funded property, does not exceed 1.6001.
per annum, whilst the board have to depend for
the remainder of their expenditure, about 7,0001., on
voluntary support." They seem absolutely to speak
of voluntary support as a misfortune. And yet, if we
turn to their reports, " voluntary support " is the
very thing of all others they profess to rely upon, and
make a boast of being subject to. " Supported by
voluntary contributions." Why, in these words is
embodied the great claim of all those societies. The
system of funding charitable money, we do not
hesitate to describe u most vicious when carried
to excess. There is one of these Orphan
Asylums that has got no less than 96,0001.
in " the several public funds," deriving an income
of 3,0001. per annum from the dividends. Yet
this institution has only 130 children, or thereabouts,
upon its books! Another not altogether dissimilar
society derived last year 4,9101. from interest upon
funded property, representing at 5 per cent, nearly
100,0001., and at 3 per cent. somewhere about 150,0001.,
which probably is nearly the real amount of this
society's assets. These are both very old institutions
and the London Orphan Asylum is only in its 36th
year. And now with their " appeal to their sub-
scribers and friends," the managers of the London
Orphan Asylum send round their "election list for
January, 1849." In large capital letters they tell ns
that 13 girls and 17 boys are to be then elected. And
from among how many candidates? No less than
one hundred and forty-four!
We shall not, however, enter more into these
accounts, but allow the societies to gather in their
annual contributions in peace. Neither would we
pass for enemies of such institutions. No civilised
country could remain under the stigma of being
without asylums for orphans. The benevolent, how-
ever, seeing these spacious and well-supported struc-
tures, sit down and deem that their duty as rich
people towards the destitute orphan, is performed
by the handing in of a subscription. Their
duty is not performed, unless this charity
goes to really destitute orphans, and to them
in the largest proportion, not being spent in
salaries, miscellanies, or architecture, nor yet vested
is funds for the secure maintenance of the earp/fiyAs
rather than of the ob;e.ts of the charity :—and again,
an orphan asylum is not a national establishment,
if it is merely one in which the rich subscriber can
thrust the child or even the orphan of his well-
provided servant. Such institutions should be to aid
poverty, not to eke out already comfortable fortunes.
In orphan schools, too, there should be a peculiar
and intelligent system of education. In those schools
there is no paternal prejudice to combat ; and highly
interesting and useful experiments might be made in
that science of education which it is our disgrace to
leave in perpetual infancy. In most of these schools
the education is mere routine, andyet in no school could
the system of emulation and of awarding trades, ac-
cording to aptness and proficiency, and in harmony
with the qualities and propensities of the child, be so
perfectly or fairly tried as in an orphan school. At pre-
sent, however, these schools are mere gardens for
human vegetables, neither boys nor girls very distin-
guishable from the cabbages they devour.

NAPLES, Dec. 27.
As the affairs of Sicily take a prominent part in diplomatic
negotiations just now, I shall communicate in the first place
what has transpired since I last wrote regarding the island.
I mentioned some time sines that, the Palermitan govern-
ment nad endeavoured to negotiate a loan with the French ;
the attempt, however, failed; the French would not advance
a farthing; and it then became a matter of serious anxiety
to decide what was to be done. Liabilities, it is understood,
had heen-theurred in England, and certain steamers ordered,
which would not move unless touched by the fairy wand of
i Sicilian ounces. The provisional government immediately
laid the whole case before parliament, and demanded
counsel bow to act, and the necessary authority. Where-
upon the parliament voted unanimously a forced loan, to be
raised in the country generally. The sum fixed on was a
mil.ion and • half of ounces, and the time given for
raising it was determined at three days. Strange
to say that within the time 1,000,000 ounces were raised.
The exchange on London rose immediately from 579 to 600
and it was expected shortly to be up at 630 All the bills on
England that could be Wand were bought up directly, and

-----
100,000 mance' w, re sant off to London by the --......
p ~t sees
steamer the Rolland.
My letters have lately, rerhaps, led you to bed. es
the commencement of hostilities was at hand, ,tau --"
is
scenes have again shifted. The expadition against pal's perhaps (or the present suspended.
Several ir stances of British subjects having been
in the streets by the brutal soldiery I have men
too
you. I believe in these, es in every case, Lord N ei.riles bt:4
acted with the utmost promptitude and perstel rm
his apples:latexes having, however, up to s
eii.
eine, been invariably treated with neglect. 1 'Z's
mentioned the tact of the captain of one et ess
vessels now stationed here having been deprived ±7l
his gun on landing, which gun Mu not returnA after the the lapse of a considerable time and many applicauem
and then without the slightest explanation or 4puls„.-"'
WSW another insult. The admiral, I war tel.,
„"e't
days since, wee extremely di satisfied with the elf--;
it at present rested. Nor most I omit to mention the em:
made against the British (which charge, made to 'bs
miral, was entered in the orders of the day) of hawing ;sok
military provisions in Naples. It cost them a cley'e mot
to have every vessel examined, in obedience to the admire,
orders, and the report was that nothing was misrule,*
that nothing had been landed. A sharp statement m
accordingly wet be the admiral, and a tardy •'TWIT 1,„.
ceived. Then is tee much noun also to believe test as m
feeling towards the Ruglish has been industriously ~,,nss:
so much so indeed, that I have heard British officers .1,4,1
that they shall be glad when they leave the port le ems,
pitulatiog these grievances I have a double object. Is th
first place, I have not seen these statements mad to
other ionnial—statements, by the bye, which ouger es s,
known ; and, secondly, I thick it likely that our anem,
anent is on the eve of taking some decided step.
Internal quiet still continues-one hears, however, of as
most daring robberies and ass asiaations, even at mililay,sm
in the Toledo ; and hew crn it be otherwise, when ~. i, „al,
diced how great is the misery which exists here, and heel&
efficient is our police ? Such police as we have is a pelimi
police, directed rather to maintain order than to s-cusp,
venal safety. Heavy patrols pass occasionally through*,
streets, leaving the field open as soon so they have eous&
Two war steamers (Neapolitan) left last uht at eintioght fa
Gaeta. One of them is the Ruggiero. Yesterday to issia
French steamers lett, the Penguin fur Palermo, eel%
other for Balm. As regards our own fleet, the Antelsm
sailed on Sunday afternoon fn Leghorn ,• the Pontine s, hi
completed her repair* thee. The Terrible (steam. r, Imm
to-day for Malta and returns witn prov.sions, so .i.,..ths
Vengeance, under the committed of her new cap' in. 1,04
Hardwicke. The Odin, it was se:il, was to R., to P.d..ens;
but nothing certain is known. The It idney and t . Vas,
guard sail, it is expected, on Jan. 2 for E ielei.d. fes
Prince Regent and the Powerful are expected t. replan
them. There is a feeling in the fleet that it will retain he
some time longer.
The Veteran, a military journal in the interest of sateen
meat, has this morning a royal ordonnance to the fellones
effect: "The army is to be divided into three doma',
Tee first destined for Sicily, the three Calabria. and Best'
licata ; Commander.iii-Chiet, Prince Satriann. 1)4
Marshals Pronio. Nunziente, and Statella, 'end others am si
act under him. The force is to consist of 2.5 battalimedms
line, 2 squadrns of chasseurs, 2 companies of sappy, sal
miners, a field battery ef 8 pieces, 4 mountain batt-rie, si
pieces, each of 4, a mountain battery of 8 mortar. eta
ll.nry Statella is to continue in commend of the three Cale
briar, with such troops as will be assigned him by the en.
mender in-chief. The second division of the army is daily
for the three Abruzzi, the Apulias,; Terra di Lawn, esi
Molise ; Commander-m.Chiet, Count John Staten*, kaim
under him Genial* x. Laudi, and Colonna. Hie fence is la
a °mist of 10 battalions of the line, 3 ofchuseurs, 4 soueirew
of dragoons, 2 companies of sappers and miners,' h. le musty
of 16 pieces, a mountain battery of 16 pieces of 4 The teat
division of the army is under the commanclin chief et Lien
Col. Selvaegi, consisting of 6 battalions of the line, 4 Ken
eons of carbineen, 2 companies or sappers and miners, airy
battery of 8 pieces (Swiss), 2 field batteries each of S pima,
a mountain battery of 8 mortars of 12, 4 battalions .4 an.
nadiers of the guard, 2 of chasseurs of the guard, 2et de
regiment of marines, 1 britade of hussars, 2 brio* d
lancers. This lm ks warlike. Besides this the &k..
dente has: " The ultimatum of the melining pimp est
having been accepted hostilities will be num, .1 nll bak
aides, and the Sicilian troops are already moving km
Palermo against the Neapolitans at Messina."
It is reported that a decree is ~bout to be publielieil set e
rising the exaction of the taxes for the whole year 11119, sal
that ministers declare their readiness to take upon thee
!elves the responsibility of this step.
From Gaeta there is nothing new this morning. Tis
Pope and his Majesty were busily occupied in thecae
mouials and festivities of Christmas. His Majesty, at his en
private expense, bad given on Christmas Eve and Craters
Day a supper and dint. r to the whole garrison of (Seen.

MALTA, Dec. 24.:
Her Majesty's ship Vengeance, 84, arrived trom Nasie
on the 141 h, to refit and take in provisions fin the squads*
Captain Lushington resigned the command of her as tas
following merning to her new captain, the Earl of line
wicke. Captain Lushington will proeeed to Bombay aid
the next Indian mail, to take command of the Indian nary.
Lady Duncan and family came passengers in the V, oaease.
The Turkish steamer Er. gli arrived on the 16th Irma in
poll, having on board Raait Pacha, the late Gover, or. sag
suite. She left the next day for Constantinople. tier
jesty's steamer Oberon came in on the 16th fr..en
having on board Dr. Nicholson, the coadjutor to the Ili*
of Corm. lie has taken up his residence at the goserais
palace.
The Triton steamer has received so much injury in kr
tubes, owing to their smallness, that it will take at least a
months to repair it here : it is said she will go to Equate
under canvas. The Locust steamer is expected eaitt- from
Corfu to be paid off, and re commissioneo ; in tha• cat the
offlc.r. and crew of the Triton will be turaed over oh!,
and the Locust take the Triton home. The Aril. n! is sha
ordered here from Trieqe to be paid off. It is to be b•pei
she will he re•commis,ionod, for now there is not a fats
boat on the station. Spitfire has gone to Corfu to relies
Locust.

ATHENS, Drc.l9.
The new ministry are determined to economic—a• lea,
so they say. They have proposed to do away with the du
cure appointments of Generals Mamouris, Gardikinni, el
Andrea Isko, as commandants of the frontier guard!. The
will make them a little popular, for more disgrac. tut isbbili
appointments never exista.o. The chambers have as fit
done nothing except to vote that Messrs. Calliphrmas Ind
Mavromichalis have no occasion to vacate th. it scan,
although article 64 of the constitution thus expresso itself;
Every deputy app tinted by the government to a Wand
office shall, on his acceptance of it, cease to be a deputy. 4
new election must take place before he can sit in the cams
ber." Thu. one of the first votes of the clim-
ber is in direct violation of the charter. Prom tal
any one may judge of the result of future use
sures. On the Bth the deputation of the chamber of drys•
ties presented, as I informed you they would, their adder
to the king, who replied in these terms : " Gentlemen &pa
ties.—ln the address of the chamber, in reply to MT raysl
speech, I see, with pleasure, the exnreesion of its well knouts
devotion to my person, as also that of its anxious desiutt
sesond my government, which will employ all its solicited,
for the interest of the nation. I have no doubt but the pre•
sent session will be fertile in results advantageous to the eel-
fare of the people. May the divine providence corder oa du
People all the blessings that will arise from the meantime'
of order and public trarquillity."
A horrible murder was committed here on the 15th by a
young man, who murdered his partner with several staha cf a
knife. Ile is in Irian. The village of Louktssia Ls. beta
entered by a band of Grty brigands sad shoo•t totally
pillaged.
Prince Hohenlohe Schillingsfurst arrived on the 12th se
envoy extraordinary of the German empire. He rect./redo
audience of the King, on the 14th, with much ceremony.
We are all agog for the ball on New Year's day.

CONSTANTINOPLE, Di c 16.
Perfect tranquillity reign+ at this moment throughout all
Turkey. Kurdistan and Albania are flourishing uttler thr
system of reform now being gradually introduced Into that
countries. Beds rhan Bey is living luxuriously in on. of the
isles of the Archipelago, and will, it is said, be shortly rw
stored to freedom. Thus the penalty of death ta politiwl
offences no longer exist• in Turkey.
The provinces of Moldavia and Wallachia are quiet, la
order everywhere perfectly restored. A great nunotr 1
promotions, exchange+, and appointments have lately tarn
place in governors, secretaries, members of councils, b.
The Turkish fleet, which was anchored in the Bosphuris•
has entered into the port and taken up their wink r quarters.
Letters from Varna mention that business is very dull, with
plenty of vessels in port. Freight to Eng,and, 8s 6d. peril'.

BELG I U M.—The Brussels paperseireulate a repot%
which w.a got up by the London tory journals, to tor elf-at
that Lard John Russell intends to bring a bill into parlitrasn4
laying a duty of be. a qr. on foreign wheat.