The Express.
London, England, 1849-12-29 00:00:00

SCOTTISH UNITED INDUSTRIAL SCHOOLS.

IMPROVEMENTS IN KENSINGTON GARDENS.—In
these new works the honourable Commissioners would stem
to have taken seriously in hand the Augean task of punfyir g
the & rpentine. In the first place, they have cleared out the
'mad bed which the previously id-arranged sewage system
at the bead of that piece of water had so deeply deposited.
With the progress of that operation frequenters of the gar-
dens have been familiar. Their next and more recent pro-
ceedings have been to bring a supply of pure water (let them
if they please, say "perks eleetro") to the rustic bridgehead
at the Bayswater end, by a line of metal pipe communicating I
with the Artesian well at Charing-cross. This, together
with a contribution from the Chelsea water wollts, which
have hitherto given that strange caricature of It fountain
—by which this sc ne has beer, but is no longer, disfi-
gured—its aquatic gush, will replenish for the future our
metropolitan lakelet. Their united current will be brought
through the archways of the bridge, and as their volume
cannot, at bent, be very copioue, its flu w being unfortunately
a drain of incessant expenditure, measures seem to have be,n
judiciously taken to give it as much strength as possible. These
consist in raising the bed where the waters break forth by
• gradstol ascent to the mouth of the arches, and at the some
time drawing in the banks on each side, till narrowed to the
breadth of the bridge. This is at once simple and obviously
effective. The change has, however, to be made as yet com
plete by ornamental details, in which we trust that the ho.
nounble commissioners, moving, as they now are, sponta-
neously, in the right direction, will not be found wanting.
What has been done tends, pro tanto, to c :mplete the ori.
Ring design with which this regal domain was laid out, in
which stateliness and inartificiel beauty—the rich, in gene-
ral effect, the beautiful to etre, scrutiny—were happily in-
tended to be combined.—Arehitect and Budding Operatme.
DESPERATE ATFItAT WITH POACHERB.-BBA
701tD, FlLlDAY.—Yesterday, a young men, named Moon
Pnestley, was brought before Col. Tempest, Joshua Pollard,
Esq , and Alfred Harris, Esq., three of the west riding ma-
gistrates, upon a charge of violentlassulting Mr. Jacob
Mitchell, gamek. eper to the Earl of arough. Mr. Carr,
of Gommenal, appeared for the prosecution; and Mr. Terry
was present to watch the case on behalf of the prisoner.
From the statement of Mitchell, it appears that on the night
of the 14th inst., h. and an as istint, named John Walker,
were out watching, when they had a desperate affray with four
poachers, namely, the prisoner, J. Butterfield, J. Broadlsent,
and another. At about 11 o'clock, while in Hunsworth-lane,
they heard the footsteps of a party coming through a gap.
The keepers stood still, and presently tour men made their
appearance. The poachers were armed with guns and blud-
geons, and upon their coming up, Mitchell said to them
What, you have got a gun or two I me, lads." They
made no reply, but one of them, named Broadbent, pointed
his gun towards Mitchell, as elle was about to fife.
Mitchell said to them "If you hive guns you have no
need to fire ; you are cc the highway, and we have nothing
to do with you." The poachers then all four mended
down the lane towards Hun worth,, and were followed by
the keepers at a short distance. When they had got near the
sill3ge of Hunsworth the poachers made an attack upon
the keepers, the prisoner striking wick a bludgeon, end
Bri.adbent with the butt end of his gun. Mitchell re-
monstrated with them, when one of the party, whom the
keepers did not know, said, with an oath " shoot him."
Broadbent then put himselt in a shooting position, and the
prisoner and Butterfield, who that moment were striking
Mitchell, desisted sad eeced.•d back as if to give Broadbent
an opportunity to fire. He immediately fired the gun and
lodged the contents in Mitchell's right shoulder. Mitchell
then said to his companion, " Johnny, Pm shot—it is over
with me." The poachers then ran down the lane, and the
keepers after them as fast as they could. The keepers came
up to them again, and Mitchell took a pistol out of his
picket, which was loaded with powder and ball, which he
discharged at the poachers as they were standing together.
It appears, however, that the ball minted them. The
poachers then all made off, with the exception of the
przoner„ who was seized by Mitchell, who made him feel
nit, walking stick. In the meantime Walker, Mitchell's
assistsat, bad gone into the village to raise
his moreesca strength,
and the prisoner succeeded in makingescape 11001
He, however, ran in the direction of Walker,
whom he met, and by whom, after a desperate struggle, be
was again captured. The prisoner shouted and called
out loudly for his emanates to come to his assistance, but
the keepers rut him to silence by knocking him down, and
strangling him until he said he would yield. The keepers
then let him get up. when be again made an attack upon the
keepers with his bludgeon, and recimmimeed calling out tis
his companions. The prisoner was again knocked down by
the keepers, and after struggling together some time, they
succeeded in getting the prisoner to a public house in the
neighbourhood. Mr. Thomas Briggs, a constable, was then
sent for, into *whose custody Priestley was given, and Mr.
Slater, of Gomersel, surgeon, was called in to dress the
wounds which the keepers had received. Mitchell was much
exhausteB, having no less than 82 wounds in his shoulder
where the shot had entered. The 'bludgeon used by the
Pritalier was produced in court. It was a formidable wea-
r an. The prisoner was committed to York Castle to thke
his trial at the next anises. A reward has been off'sred
for the apprehensionof Brevedbent and Butterfield, wirj have
absconded.

nitinittre
Among the blessings in store for Ireland !sea enlargement
of the franohise, which w4l place the representation, more
absolutely than it is, in the hands of the most ignorant and
besotted democracy in Europe. This is the stone which a
tender government keeps in its sleeve to bestow upon us,
when we shall grow importunate for bread. And a right
welcome boon it will be to many who have no industrial re-
source left except to trade upon the religious lied political
prejudices of the common people. The patriots :of Concilia-
tion-hall will rejoice In such an extension of their ways and
Crane ; the Romisb Clergy will receive with benignity
signal an increase of their power and influence ; and the
treasury will be strengthened by the acquisition of several
sturdy adherents, whose votes on all divisions of vital conse-
quence may be reckoned upon, as surely as the whipper-in of
a der-kennel may calculate the number that will run to the
sound of his lash and the summon of his horn before mesa-
time.
Captain lindsay has given notice, that at the spe-
cial meeting of the North Dublin Board of Guardians,
called to discuss Lord Glengall's petition on Monday
next, he will move the following amendment :
" That the gaudiest of the North Dublin Union are pain-
fully aware of the appalling distress that afflicted and still
afflicts the poor of Ireland, especially in parts of the western
and soothers provinees. That they view with alarm the
depreciation in value of the property et the country, and the
diminution in the circulation of money, which deeply affects
the condition of all classes of society. That they do not
deem it prudent to affix their signatures to the petition as
prepared by Lord Glengall, es they consider there may be
several othi r causes to which the lamentable elate of Ireland
may be attributed. That without fall experience of the
effects of free trade, we do not wish hastily to adopt the
opinion t, at a duty should be imposed upon the agricultural
produce of foreign countries, which would cause greater
fluctuatis .4 in the price of the first necessaries of life."
The Dunshaughlin Board of Guardians in the centre
of one of the most important agricultural districts ot
Ireland has already rejected the petition.
Mr. Henry Grattan, M.P. has addressed a letter to
Lord Glengall, expressing approbation of his lord-
ship's petition, but chiefly on account of the ergo.
ments in favour of a repeal of the union which he
draws from it. But a letter of vastly higher claims
to attention, and also addressed to the noble framer of
the protecionist petition, appears in the liveman's
Journal this morning. The writer, Mr. A. L. 0.
Guionese, is one of a family distinguished in thin
country for mercantile ent,rprise and wealth, and his
observations are well deserving of notice. Mr. Gain.
nem says:
Free trade in corn has yet had a fair trial, nor is it
pcseible it can until the owners of the soil are content to re-
ceive such a rate of rent as the decreased value of endues
renders reasonable, and the reception of which could not—or
at least ought not—to militate against their interests, ins.-
touch as they have received benefits in the general working
of the measures of free trade which they have never yet
reciprocated, and the reciprocation of which would render
alarm, outcry, or agitation on the subject unnecessary.
Place the Irish farmer in a fair poeition as regards his
rent in the first place, and, when that is done, place
within his grasp the power to cell forth the full capabili-
ties of the soil committed to his management, by a fair
consideration of his claims and • lust concevion to his
nee, skied, and I for one am aufiLiently sanguine to be
tearless ot the issue ; but, until this be done, I respectfully
submit, my lord, that it is utterly at variance with the die
tales of reason and humanity, as well as completely opposed
to the priueiples of good government, to desire that the
general welfare should be sacrificed to the interests of a par-
ticular
class—of • cies-, too, which has as yet made neither
ex viola nor aser.fices, and in whose power remain remedi
yet to be tested, in the application of which, honestly applied
and fairly worked eut, I sincerely believe that • certain cure
fur the evils complained of will be found. " I admit that at
this moment the pressure upon the Irieh farmer is greater
than it should be ; but I deny that the absence of protection
bas produced it, or that its resumption would Fe anything
else or be:ter than • very great misfortune even to him. 1
am very far from wishing to say an offeuive or discourte-
ous word ot any man or class of men, but all experience
warns us that the feudal spirit of Irish landlords has clung
to them with • tenacity which is nut easy either to r, move
or to convince; and it is qu:te certain that it ever they are
induced to part with so much of their privileges as will
insure the development of the fall resources of the land,
and secure the comfort and anew the effluence of those who
11'111 know little of either, it must be through the agency of
those very laws which it is their present purpose to repeal it
they can, and which if repealed, would have a very dimes-
trous elect, not on this country alone, but on the empire at
large. Terre or four times within the last thirty yee.rs corn
has been even cheaper than it is at present, and still more
Ire queutly have all the ether article of auicultural produc-
tion (including meat) been subject to the same depreciation,
or even a more decided one ; so that protection b no means
insures the agriculturist from fluctuations, *bile the absence
of it, accompauted as it is by the benefits necessarily attendant
on the extension of tree•trade principl, s, at lean secures to
him moderation in his general expenditure. It is to be re •
membered also that although the prices are now low, they
ars nut so for she last three years, and with fair averages and
q low rate of lie ing for so long a time, I should conceive it
to be p.maible for the agricultural interest to sustain i'aelf for
a season, were there a reasonable hope that hereafter it might
expect at the hands of those in whom the power lie., that
just and liberal treatment which would enable it for the
future ti base its effors on certainty, and to meet its Dahill
ties without loss. I know it is averred by the advocates of
protection, that even if the rates of rent were diminished,
the other burdens of the land are so many as to make pros-
perity inipmcible. But would these burdens c, ntinue it the
relations between landlord and tenant were en" red into in
a liberal and benevolent spirit, such as necessity and egoity
alike demand? I do not think so, my lord. Reduce has
rent to an equitable standard, and you at once relieve the
farmer ; in his new covenant, include what is known by the
phrase of " right of tenure," and luu will go far to empty
the wurkhoutte ; under the operation of both these untried
stimulants to exertion, I mistake my countrymen acted-
Ugly, if you do not find them within • comparatively short
period of time mere prosperous, more peaceable md bareeer
than it is poesibletkey could ever become und, r the re enact-
ment of protection laws, beneath whose operation they were
at all times, as • people, the poirest, most discontented, and
most miserable in Europe.
I have the honour to be, my lord, your obedient
ble servant, AUTEUIL LENDEN OLIVE OVINNEIsdhum-
Templeton, Stfflorgan, Dec. 22, 1849.
The Great Southern and Western Railway Com-
pany have so reduced the tariff of charges for the
carriage of meat, poultry, vegetables, &c., that any
oarnteiclreess iodfi nifgooidn Lublinfrom
tthe
a coy obtainuntryat these c
the ecisea
ry
provincial
prices, the rates of carriege being so small in propor-
tion as scarcely to be taken into consideration. This
coarse is adopted to break down the monopoly of the
retal d-ales in food.
The Xreeman's Journal states, on the authority of
a letter from Rome, that the Very Rec. 1)r. Collen,
for many years the agent at the Holy See of the Irish
Roman catholic church, has been appointed to the
vacact Roman catholic primacy in Ireland.
We regret to state that the mills of Morse:. M'Cean,
near Fe, rybank, were entirely destroyed by fire en
Friday evening. The destructive element raged for
nearly the entire night, and an immense amount of
property, we have heard, was lost in the flames. The
premises were insured, but not to any sum that could
nearly cover the value of the property consumed.
Messrs. Simms and M'lntyre, the enterprising pub-
lishers, eutertained upwards of lhO of the persons
employed by them at Belfast, on Friday last, at one
of those eneeriog banquets which tend so well in
England
hlltanedetmopkleeoypedu.p a good feeling between employers

MUSIC.

ROYAL ACADEMY OP MUSIC.—The board of pro-
fesson, consisting of Mims. Potter, Bennett, Elliot, Lures, II
Goss, and Howell, appointed to examine the candidates for
the Ku. g's Scholarship, has sent in its r^port to the vim. I
mittee, and the following were elected :—Mr. W. G.Cousins,
snit Miss Martha Street.
ROYAL SOCIETY OP MCSICIANS.—The Bum of 671.
was Toted at the general meeting of the Royal S ciety of
Musicians, on Monday, to be distributed amone di^tres,ed
perons csnnected with the musical lion, but having
no claim on the funds of the lanitstlopn.

-- - -
SUING A DEAD MAN.—In the City Small Debts
C iurt yererday, a curious case occurred—A person ~amed
Fernandts being summoned fora " tally bill, considerable
amusement was canned by the Chief Bailiff reporting that
the defendant wee said to have been dead for ten years.
Plaintiff appeared astounded at the statement. Mr. Silf,
the ,Afieer, said he had inquired at the house, and that was
the enterer he received. Plaintiff said it was too much of 1, I
joke, and he would see whether be could not bring 'airA to
life, if hie honour would grant another summons. k new
summons was accrAdingly granted. Plaintiff anti, he was
I not to be done, aud he knew he should find defer dent riding
somewhere dm than in his coils.

The second annual meeting of the subscribers and
friends of the United industrial Schools, &nth Gray'. Close,
Highditztht, B iinburgh, was held on Wednesday, at two,
in the hall of the institution, which was teetotally decorated
with evergreens, &r. The examination of the children took
place in the forenoon, and formed a mat interesting portion
of the proceedings. It was impossible not to mark the
general aptitude and intelligence of the children, which were
highly creditable to *easel and their masters. Their
skill in the Tarim hasdtcrsft operations wee shown b 7 the
numerous articles exposed for eels and exhibition,
including handsome Iferleteads, pies stands, &o. ;
while their shoes end clothing attested the proficiency
which they had attained in these important branches.
Among those present daring the examination, and at the
public mooting ware: Lord Dunformline,Viscount Malgund,
M.P., Lord Murray, William Murray, lisq of Henderland,
Professor Mans, Bishop Carruthers, Bishop Gillis, Rev.
Mears. Stothert and Bigg, Adam Black Req., J. H. Barton,
, ;Dr. &Amiss, James BMpson, Esq., W. B. D. D.
Turnbull, Esq., Dr. Combs, James Mackenzie, Esq , W.I.
Robert Chambers, Esq., _ Charles Trotter, Em Lewis
Harkin, Esq., Captain Mitchell, William Tait, Esq., C.
Farquhar Shand, ski., Alexander Cowan, Esq., Mr. lincriff
Handyside, Mr. Sheriff Jardine, George Girle, Eirj., J. F.
Gordon, Esq , R. Gordon, E.q., J. Bevis, Esq., &c., &o.
Upon the motion of Lord ilustasT,Visoonnt /4 'MOUND
was called to the chair, who, at considerable length, ad-
deemed the meeting, pointing out the important agency ex-
ercised by such institutions as the Industrial Schools, it, pro-
moting the spread of popular education, and tnereby
dimin-
ishing the amount of crime and pauperism. The institution
could no longer be called an experiment, for it had effected
great good, and he looked on it with peculiar interest, be-
. cause it had pioneered the course by which they sought to
extricate themselves from the &then' which surrounded
the question of national education in this country.
Mr. ADAM BLACK said he was sure that they had all
been greatly delighted with the success of the labours of those
who had been taking charge of the institution. When they
considered the /stool' those unhappy children, and contended
it with the fate of themselves and of their own children, they
might well feel thankful that at least so many of them had
been plucked as breads from the fire. He was happy to have
that opportunity of ratting it he distinctly understood that in
both departments of the schtel the Bible was read. He
congratulated the meeting upon the report that had been
, read, and upon the prospects held oat of continued success;
; and he trusted that the means would not be wittheld by
; those who had it in their power to cthtribute towards so de-
; &rattle an object; for without the meths of carrying on the
, institution—without subseriptions—it was impossible that it
I could be carried on successfully. He trust.' that encourage-
, malt would continue to be given by the public, and that toe
subscriptions would go on increasing with the increasing me-
i mos of Ye iostitutios. (Loud cheers.)

Mr. Sheriff JARDINE said that he thought upon
the whole, that the report was most satisfactory ; and
he wu sure that it would meet with the general appro-
bation of the inhabitants of this enlightened city. (Ap-
plause )
The resolution was eanitd unanimeasly.

Lord MURRAY proposed the following gentlemen as
members of the committee for the present year:—President,
Lord Dunfermliae. Vice-President, Bishop Caruthers.
Lord Idelgund ; Joke. T. Gordon, E q , Sheriff of Edin-
burgh ; R. Handyside, Esq., Sheriff of Stirling ; Charles
NeavesLEsq., Sheriff of Orkney ,• Win. Chambers Esq.;
Adam Black, Esq. ; Alexander ennui, Esq. ; John Hill
Burton, Esq.; Cnarles Farquhar Shied, Esq.; Lord
Cuninghame • John Grant, E•q. ; W. 13, D. D. Turnbull,
Esq.; John Boyle, Esq ; R. Gordon, Esq.; It. Monteith,
Esq ; Lewis Harkin, Esq.; J. Genoa, Esq. lie said that
he thought they were exceedingly fortunate in having such
committee proposed, and he did not actieipate any °ejection
whatever to their adoption. They had certainly realised
a measure of success which they could not pos-
sibly have anticipated ; they could hardly expect
that they were not to meet wiffi difficulties; they
might still occur ; but the y bad been met hitherto, and
they were prepared to meet and to master them should they
occur in the course of their future progress. He moved
itno
pfatvootpuertoftoththe
eionsetiottuyteidatn shouldthe t
wc at
yt
onoane
the approval of the report, and he wished nothing more
aethanit hatdhelateniet
that had passed. (Loud applause.)
Bishop (iILLIS seconded the motion, and having ex-
pressed his concurrence in the eulogium pawed by Lord
Murray upon the untiring seal of the members of the pre-
vious committees, said it appe aced difficult to him that any
gentleman :whose vocations permitted him to devote any
portion of his time to the interests of such an institution as
that in which they were all engaged, should ever be found
deficient in seal in the performance of his duty as a member
of the managing committee, for ever) single detail connected
with an industrial school like that c stained in itself so deep
and endearing an interest that it was impossible to suppi se
that any person connected with i a admieutration could be
proof even against enthusiasm in carrying out its objects.
The resolution was then cordially agreed to.
L erd DUNFERMLINE, in moving the thanks of the
meeting to the noble chairman, congratulated the meeting
upon the prosperous and prospering condition of the school.
When he first connected himself with the association, he was
no doubt Seduced to do so because he was aware that if they
succeeded they would confer a crest benefit upon a 'sumer-
eus class of indigent and unfortunate chiloren ; but he
confessed that he had else anothe motive, resulting from
some experience which he had acquired in another
situation. He had, since he had come to reside
in Scotland, the opportunity of kncwing somethieg,
and of making observations upon the prisons and
discipline intended for the reformation of criminals. Ile con•
leased that he had attended with all the core and industry he
could to the effect which was produced by these institutions,
and be came to the conclusion that they had net been sue-
ces•ful—that they were, in point of tact, an eleborate, an
expensive and an unsuccessful expetiment. But he had been
very muchl wreck with this circumstance, and which had
impress-d him very strongly—that, as far as he could dis-
cover, the only class of penises up n whom that reformatory
system had produced any effect at ail was upon the educated
classes. Those who were utterly uneducated lett the prison
utterly unreformed. Those who went there having received
some education had their minds opened ; they were prepared
to receive the instructions that were offered them by the
chaplain and those who had the superintendence of the pri-
son, and such persons as these ma e some progress ;
but he held that there was no real hope or pros-
pect of reforming criminals, unless they had previously
educated them by giving them, as far as was in
their power, a good secular education. Now, that was pre-
cisely what they were attempting to do in that institution ;
ens no one could attend, as he had dune, to what bed passed
in the prison at Perth, without being struck, and shocked,
and grieved at the immense numher if jue, ride offenders to
be found there. He would conclude e y proposing a Tote of
thanks to their noble chairman, in which. he was sure, they
would all most cordially concur. lie knew his noble friend so
well, the he was right welt Ssittted that nu, would
nave
-educed him from his home at the present season of the year,
and brought him to undertake the duty of presiding upon
that occasion, but the since re and honest conviction that they
had embarked in a wood and honest eau- e, and that it was
nu duty to give it all the countenance and support in his
power. (Loud applause.)
The resolution having been carried with aeclamati in, the
meeting separated.

DESPERATE ENCOUNTER WITH SALMON POACHERS.
—The Perthshire Advertiser sap "For some time past,
about this season of the year, parties of lawless men, amount-
ing in number from twelve to twenty in each gang, have
been in the practice of turning out at night, foe the purpose
of salmon poaching, on the Earn and smaller rivers, from the
Ruthven near Smiddyhaugn to the Turret above Crieff,
having their faces blacken- d and their persons otherwise
disauised. Prom their numbers aud daring conduct they
have occasionally put the water limp rs to defiance, and in
several cases attacked and maltreated them. It became ne-
cessary, in consequence, to have theta lawless pro-
ceedings put down. Strong parties of river-watchers
were stationed in that district for this purpose;
and on Thursday lot, the 20th of December, about
two o'clock in the moiling, • body of the watchers,
assoontinto 15, came upon a band o 13 menall disguised,
and the act of killing salmon, t means H
of lights and
spears, in the water of Jilechony, near Strathallan Castle.
The watchers dashed into the rivir on theta, and the morn-
ing being very dark, and the poachers not knowing the
number of the si aterkeepers, turned round and struck and
attacked them with salmon spears and poles. &desperate en-
counter then took place; and after many blare were ex-
changed on b .th sides, during which several min were
knocked dewn in the river, the battle ended in the capture of
.ix of the poachers,sod the others fld. I'. however, appeared
that they bad not moved with impunity, as, next morning,
several women's caps, with which they hail been disguised,
were found at a short distance from the scene of the affray,
stained with blood, and three foal salmon lying beside them.
TWO six captured poachers were biought into Perth, and
lodged in gaol. On Saturday the six prisoners, viz, James
Bums, Andrew Taylor, James Brown, and James Smith,
weavers; James Dlorison, mason; at.d James bl'Ara, la-
bourer, all residing in Auchterardi r, were placed before
Sheriff Barclay, charged with poaching in close time, under
the aggravations of disguising their prisons, and using lights
and spears. They pled guilty, and wen: lined 41. 6a each,
including expenses, and failing payment within 14 dies to
be imprisoned for 86 days in the gaol of Perth. They
were afterwards tried, at the instance of the Pro-
curator-Fiseal, for assaulting the water-keepers, to
which they pled not guilty. After a leng trial,
however, the Sheriff found the charges proven, sod.
they were sentenced to forty days' imprisonment, or to psy
a fine of 21. each. At the conclusion ti.ey were admonished
by ths sheriff, as to the serious and disreputable nature of
the offences of which they had been found guilty. Ile told
them salmon were just as much vested property as sheep or
cattle, for which proprietors paid large sums, and tenant! of
fiskings had to pay high rents ; and that salmon po.ching
was nothing shin of theft. He also waned them of the un-
hue:alposothfuywraqhui icolf!tithutiemeiryowf they: fisht aot
ith
ti ,salond‘ea uo tuhpeonyetahri,mbsey
the
and families, besides the dangers they encountered by l
the
dwievt,egtmalddinthsethlosse
laorfewr"c.haranlit'etbr ethdeed
y'w‘irrethesuarigehWt tosetc°steilinand
by

MEDICAL
1 APOTHicARIBV HALL.--24 tunes of gentlemen who passed
their eursioatioa in Om valetas and practice of mede,
and received certificates to pract'se, on Thumlay Dec 27,
1S19:- .George Clarke, Bait ; Eawsrd CioHedge Pitt, Loa-
!' dn • ; Charles William Whitby % William 'Vaughan Jones,
1 1 c.ttnios, North Wales.

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