The Express.
London, England, 1848-08-18 00:00:00

soh envoy was referred to fur his opinion aid: ad-
vice, he did not advise the moderadis to abdicate, or
the Queen either to dismiss her ministers or make
large concessions. His simple advice was that NAR-
TAU should conciliate the liberals, should take some
of them into power, and form a coalition of all the
Pica interested in the maintenance of the throne
IsanELLA and the constitution, against the intrigues
of the Carlisle on one side and the republicans on
another. Sir H. }SUMER could give no other coun-
sel than this.
And let us see what the probable result would
have been had he adopted the course that Mr.
BAILLIF. recommends. Suppose Sir HENRY BULWEK
had, in the midst of revolution, declared that coercion
and Military rigour were the . only means of govern-
ment ;suppose that he had rallied tot he side of NatteATZ
and the (VEEN Mortten, and displayed England
aa taking under its protection these p..rsonages
and the principles they represent. The consequence
of this would infallibly have been the instant adop-
tion by the French republicans of the progresistas,
deserted by England, and the certain existence by
this time of a strong republican and French party in
Madrid, at war with NARV!z, and in open cry against
England, as the patron of military di sixaism. It would,
in fact, have been an awakening of all the old antago-
main, which, preventing all. peace and settlement in
Ppain, uld have had the still moredangerousi fleet of
Petting England and France rancorously at voriance.
Spain had been at the bottom of all our differences
with Louis Plitt.tere, and what Mr. BAILLIE and
the Miler o.sailants of Sir HENRY BULWER teem-
mend would be a renewal of this antagonism with
republican Fr ,rice . for the mime worthless ends.
Better far that thugs should be as they are, that
England should have acted an honourable and con
sistent conduct, given liberal advice, and abided by
the consequence of having, in so doing, offended a
despotic court. .
Our envoy may be out of Madrid,
bat be has left things ouch a state that no envoy,
French or other, can even be tempted to take advan-
tage of his absence. An overpaid army arid a corrupt
court reign by a system of terror ond extortion, which
cannot take root and which cannot endure. And
England in its absence maintains the respect and at-
tachment of the great national progresista party, of
the middle and educated, and unsalaried classes.
Mr. Nl.GarGoe. brought forward Colonel BRIS-
Tows.'s case, a very outrageous act on the part of the
Spanish government, and which, for the sake of all
Englishmen who visit Spain on commercial business,
or as credits rs of the soyernment 0., that country,
ought to be attended to, and prompt reparation de-
manded. If a government is to be allowed to
answer an English creditor's claim by putting him
into a prison with malefactors, d then sending him
out of the country on the vain pretext of his being a
liberal, and on charges that have never been followed
up or even stated, there inu.t be an end of security or
protection for the British name.

The re'urn by the Board of Trade of the yfrogra-
phical distribution of our exports is now before us.
It exhibits the results of the first six months of the
present year compared with the corresponding halt
year of 1847, and many of the details are every way
entitled to attention.
The prominent features of the return may be briefly
expressed. In the first place there is a large and
almost a general decline in each of the six staple
articles of mantifacure, viz., yarns, cotton woollen,
cottons, woollens, silks, hosiery and metals. In the
next place, our attention is arrested by the
changes which have taken place during the
last and present year, with those parts of
the world from which we mainly derived our
supplies of corn in 1817—as, for example, America.
There is a similar group of results with reference to
the countries eastward of the Cap of Good Hope;
and, finally, it is impoesib.e to overlook the conspi-
cuous discrepancies which arc to be found in all those
columns of the table under the head of the states of
Central Europe.
The general refni.t of the export trade of the six
months is decidedly unfavourable. Thus we have as
the total exports in
1845
v
1006 s.ivi,ooo I 1807 £25,391,000
25,020,000 I 1848........ ...... „
In 1847 there woe an enormous declension of the
ordinary trade, with every point of the compass ex-
cept those from which we imported largely of grain,
and it is probable that the Custom-house statistic' of
that year testify more conclusively than any official
documents on record to the decisive fact, that while a
deficient harvest msy not materially lessen the bulk
of our exports it diterts them most violently from
customary channels into those which can alone supply
m with food. It is not so much the positive diminu-
tion of trade in such years which produces mischief,
el the sudden dislocation by which all the plans of
the merchant are disarranged.
Descending into details, we have the following
figures of the exports of three of the most important
dour manufactures in 1846 to 1818, expressed in
millions and the decimals of a million :
Plain Calicoes. Printed Calioaes. Woollens.
7'ds• Ida .£
1,44'. 350.397 ... 182.811 3.070
1147 ...... 297.696 •• 173.890 ... 3.211
1,11 .... 272.944 . . 154.031 ... 2.262
The decline exhibited by these results is the reverse
of satisfactory. Let us observe, however, the remark-
able commercial adjustment which took place with
the United Slates in 1847, in the face of a (diminished
commerce with almost all other places. The follow-
ing were the exports to the states of the Union in
Plain Calicoes. Printed Calicoes. Woollens.
e.
1846
1447 .. 22.571 ... 23.619 ... 1.009
1,49
The increase here shown in 1847, is most extraor-
dinary. You have the export of plain calicoes very
nearly quadrupled; the export of printed calicoes in-
creased threefold ; and the declared value of woollens
almost doubled. These are facts which ought to be
well considered by that theoretical party amongst us
Who perpetually preach that when we want to buy
corn the foreigner will not receive the equivalent in
goods, but in cash. The truth is the very reverse.
Gold and silver in commerce are the least profitable
of all commodities ; they can neither be eaten nor
spun, nor worn, and the merchant is a man who
wires to serve himself by ministering to these com-
mon-place necessities.
I urning to the opposite side of the globe, the tables
before us afford a melancholy confirmation of the dis-
tress which has visited the whole of our trade with
the continent of Asia.
In 1846 we despatched to those countries the fol-
lowing quantities of goods, and we again express
them in millions and decimals of a million, as the
most lucid mode of representation :
Plain cillooes. Printed calicoes.
Yds.
Calcutta and Madras
Mauritius
China 47.392 ......... 1.474

.081
Bombay
127.904 13.453
2.613
Now, observe the immense falling off in each of
there staples in the first six months of 1817 and 1848,
but especially in 1848.
Plain c3lioses. Printedalicom.
1847. UM. 1847. 1848.
Ca:eutts end 7dedrae 55.7.54 41.138 7.228 4.930
Mauritius 1.682 23.112 .214 6 1.873 842
237 297
Own 86

93.630 61.677 9.336 6.170
.23.030 24.216 3.448
_2.076

Matey
These figures place before us the extraord
fact that in the single article of plain calicoes, our ex-
ports to the three first named places have fallen from
124,081,000 yards in the first half of 1848 to
64.877,000 yards on the first six months of 1848; a de.
cline of very nearly 50 per cent. The greatest fall,
it will be remarked, is upon China, where it is folly
one-half, and next upon Calcutta, where the ratio is in
the proportion of 75 to 41. Upon Bombay there is
either a trifling decline, or, as in the article of printed
goods in 1847, a decided increase. Its quite
easy to understand this discrepancy between
the western and the eastern side of the Peninsula,
when we bear in mind the enormous difference be-
tween the system of business at Bombay and Cal-
cutta. At the latter place there is scarcely a single
mercantile house remaining out of thirty or forty.
At the former the failures have not reached half-a.
dozen, if so many.
But probably the most remarkable, as well as at
this moment the most interesting, result of these
tables, is the evidence they furnish of the condition of
our commerce with the unsettled portions of Europe.
Now, if we eomFare the exports of manufactured
goods to the countries so situated in 1846, with the
quantities imported by them in 1847 and 1848, we
shall see distinctly both the influence of the dearth
of last year and the uncertainties of the present upon
their means of procuring articles of necessity and
convenience.