The Express.
London, England, 1851-01-08 00:00:00

MANCUBSTER, January 7.

STOCK EXCRILXOI.—The amount of business du been
small, but pram have pretty well supported the quotations
of yesterday, though the market opened weak.

BIRMINGHAM. January 7.

BIOCI EXCHANOI.—This market wu heavy to day.
Shrewsbury and Birmingham A's wars done at 6i and
61. Sr. 9d. dia.

LEEDS, Jomm►y 7.

BLOC L BICHAIIOI.—Thete is no variation to /*port In
this morning's market. Great Nertberns sold at 171; BIM
LammUrea at 121 e. ; Sheffield, Rotherham, and Gooks,
IW. 1h.61.; Oxford, Worcester, and Wolverhampton, 171•

PRODUCTIVENESS OF Till FRENCH PAWL Ac-
cording to the Journal de la Librairie the number of
books, pamphlets, and printed works of every kind which
have inroad from the press in France daring the year 1860
hae been 7,209. Of these 4,711 were printed in Paria.2,46o
in the departments, end 37 in Algeria; 1,360 were reprints
land new editioas, while 6,843 may be oessidend as new
works; 6,661 are in the From* language, 68 In various
dialects of the French provinces, 63 is Gerassa, 61 In Bag-
' lish, 2 In Arabia, 61 Bpselah,93 Greek,9 Hebrew, 16 Italian,
166 Laths, 14 Polish, 16 Portuguese, 4 in Rosaasie, 1 in
Remise, 2ln Turkish, and 2 polyglot. Asleep these 7,206
works mum be reckoned 281 Downpipes, partly tow, sad
published ia 1860, of whkek 79 wen Pr 91194 sad
la the departments, sad 73 printed by the lithograparni
ass. Lastly, 2,697 engravings sad li2Erts are to
have appeared daring the year lest • 122 sad
Plus, 373 pima of rood , tad piece of .
maul aide.

In last night's Gawk is given the clficialnotitica-
tion that. in corssqueece of the revenue of the
United Kingdom having exceeded the expenditure
fur the year ending the 10th Oct. last, by the sum of
3,463,154/. 13s. ld., the smouut to be invested in :he
purchase of stock by thc Commissioners for the Moe-
tien of the Notional Debt between the 7th inst. and the
sth April next, is 869,6071. 4s. 2d. Operations by the
government broker have already commenced, put-
chases having been made this morning beta in Con-
sols and the Reduced Threo per Cents., and
th. 3 result bee been a rise of 1, notwithstanding
the continued unsatisfactory character of the
account 4 from the French capital. Consols opened
for the acoouct, 9t% to 1, lying better than they
left off yesterday, and the quotation has since im-
proved to 96 to !, at which it now remake. For
money there hare been a good many transactions at
t, t, and 1, ex div.
The Reduced Three per Cents. mark 971 and Z ; the
New Three-and-a-Quarter per Cents. 981. and
Long Annuitiee, 1860, 7 13-16 and i; ditto 30
years, 1860, 7 9.16. South Sea New Annuities, 961.
Bank Stock, 213; and 213.
la the market for the unfunded securities there Is
no change. Exchequer Bills of all sizes have been
dealt in at 695. and 625. prem. ; and India Bonds,
large and small, at 755. and 71.4.. prem.
The business in the foreign investments is again of
the most trifling character, and the only change to be
noted is an increase of firmness in the market for
Ms xioan bonds, the price of which has improved to
3.5:. The actual bargains concluded this morning
are restricted to Dutch Four per Cents. Certificates,
91 and 901. Mexican Bonds, at 35; ditto, for the
15th inst., at 351, 33, and a. Spanish Passive Bonds,
at 31; and the Three per Cents., at 381 ex div.

Silver bullion remains unchanged; bar silver, ss.
1 d. per ounce, and dollars, 4s. 11. d.
A slight rise has taken place in dollars at Paris,
which have advanced 1 ceutime, pillar dollars tieing
quoted sf. to 40c., and Mexican, full weight,
sf. 36c. to 39c. Sovereigns have declined 7 cents. to
25!. ; and Spanish doubloons, 20 centimes, being last
quoted 84f. 50 to 60.
The price of gold has rallied *lightly at Frankfort
and Berlin.

In addition to what we stated yesterday about the
p-ooeedings of the Southern Whale Fishery Com-
pany, we may observe, that according to tto last
accounts received through Sydrey, the company's
ship, Samuel Enderby, is reported to have done very
' well in whaling and sealing for the time she bad been
out from the Auckland Islands. She left these islands
for her whaling ground on the 3rd of April last.
Herapath's Journal of Saturday contains the
valuable yearly analysis of railway traffic returns by
Mr..l. T. Hackett, ia which he continues the projee-1
tiun of the r arty carve of traffic. The line fur 1850
is nearly coincident watt that for 1849, and is con-
formable with the remainder of the aeries. The
researches of Mr. Hackett go far towards determining
the regular periods of increase and decrease of rail-
way tniffic, and to elucidate laws most important to
be borne in mind for the proper understanding el' the
weekly returns.

The &flowing shows some of the comparative
results

--- -
2411148 (iron
open. Mettle.
1842 1510 .... £4,341,781
1813 1686 .... 4,842.665
1844 1780 .... 6.610,982
1845 2043 .... 6,669,224
1846 2610 .... 7.689,874
1847 3449 .... 8,976,671
1845 4330 .... 10,069.006
1849 . 6160 .... 11,013,817
1850 6233 .... 12,755,235
New Add Mortal
:mileage. Ma Me.
1841 56 .... £500,874
1844 194 .... 768,337
1845 263 .... 1,068,342
1846 693 .... 1,020,650
1847 839 .... 1,286,797
1843 975 .... 1,053,335
1849 835 .... 954,811
1860 . .. 1078 .... 1,741,418
Capital Cost Traffic per
expended. per mile. mile per Ann.
1842 .. £52,380,110 .. £34,690 .. £3.118
1843 .. 67,635,100 .. 36,360 .. 3,08.5
1844 .. 63,489,100 .. 35,670 .. 3,278
1845 .. 71,646,100 „ . 3.5,070 .. 3,469
1846 .. 83,166,100 .. 31,860 .. 3,305
1847 .. 109,628,000 .. 31,709 .. 2.870
1848 .. 145,200,000 .. 34,264 .. 2,6.56
1849 .. 181,000,000 .. 35,214 .. 2,302
1850 .. 219,762,730 .. 3.5,229 .. 2,227
. . - .

These returns, Token in one pint of view, siurieat
rather unfavourable results. The cost per mile has in-
creased in the last three years, and the traffic per mile
fallen off. A more careful consideration, however, very
much modifies that view. In the first place, no allow-
ance is made for greater economy of transport, which
has had a tendency to reduce fares, and thereby gross
traffic; in the next place, it most be borne in mind
that whereas the early returns did not include
Scotch and Irish lines of poor yield, the latter
returns do, in a considerable proportion, contain
these depressing elements; in the third place these
returns are evidently under a periodical influence,
culminating towards times of great commercial
activity, and in virtue of which traffic reached a
maximum in 1813 and 1816, as it will in any years of
like prosperity. Altogether, considering that the
present returns are encumbered with expensive
Scotch lines and with miserable Scotch and Irish
traffic, a comparison is favourable for railway
prospecte. The revenue seems to have reached its
minimum, the establishments are being consolidated
and working expenses reduced, the traffic is being
accommodated and developed, loans renewed at lower
rates of interest, so that altogether the year opens
favourably for railways if commercial prosperity is
maintained.

It must not be forgotten that Mr. Hackett's table
is not a comparison of the same things, for although
the returns of the old Ants show an increase on the
half-year, as appears in another part of the same
paper, yet the gross receipts in Mr. Hackett', state-
ment, from the cause assigned, do not show a corres-
ponding operation.
The increase on the half-year is thus represented :
Cheeter and Holyhead
Manchester and Sheffield
Lancaster and Carlisle
Lancaehire and Yorkshire
York and Ncrth Midland
S lath Essnris.
_-67,300 .. 23

Ilerapath observes that the above and other
examples given by him are those of lines in which
there is lade or no increase in the mileage.
One very valuable result produced by these eta-
flair's is the good effect of the excursion trains, and it
is to be ho an effectual blow has bees struck at
the revival of the high fare system, which, in despite
of experience, seemed at one timo likely again to be
prevalent. The ensuing yertr's operations will throw
further light upon this subject, and the administra-
tion of railway traffic will at length rest on a settled
and acknowledged basis.
The advice. from Philadelphia and New Orleans
received to day, with reference to the metal market,
are as follows : Copper—Sales of 1,500 English
sheathing copper at 21, and American yellow
metal at 16! to 17 cts. per lb.. six months. Iron
—Supplies of iron from the interior have nearly
ceased by the canals. Prices are firm, and an-
thracite iron is held at a slight advance. Sales of
360 anthracite pig, chiefly N. 2, at 19 doL 50c.,
20 dol. ; and No. 1, in small lots, at 21 dol. 50e. to
22 dole. per ton, six months. Part of the receipts
have been to free former quotations. Sales of 60
tons Pennsylvania Blooms at 57 dole. 50c. per ton.
In bar iron and boiler plates no sales of any magni-
tude, but prices are firmer. American sheet iron is
scarce and in fair request at 100 dole. per ton. Lead—
Market quiet. Sales of 600 pig. Galena, at 4doL 800.
per 10011).. cash. Tin—A sale of 40 pigs Banes tin
at 220. per lb. New Orleans.—Most of the receipts
Sr. for shipment, but there are one or two lots which
have been offered at 4 dole. 60c. per 1001 be. without