The Express.
London, England, 1848-09-07 00:00:00

Ithe Orprefio.

KAILIL
TY ~MA and ma* off Mina
es St els lisillerson,
VgAdoe. o,7iss. WI% ass-Sssl. sm. be mai .. lair
. Qs ft it Sept.
sues kit SAO& ~ North
et
ie SW ismettsif its IMO& Illstis,
WM lis iris up mike km
TM mat Om ISt age et Osed Bogs WII anis sp as ths On&

ratir-astiiik:
who rile be Ogarbbas, Meer% Cedb. sr MEW.
will be sere m es et tM ear.
lbe ruler mai be arese. Mt lades bier
ins, Aar Orbs, Mir lieerbeeb mei Clam. BeseberP
lift 'HZ be Erb trea miers d Ur lept.
TM erre be Wm beer Weer fir Ulerres Ir. ead New
Saba will be mei up ea re ewers et Vie relt tereetbse.
lb rib be re Web Ome et Aber eel Mike Alb be orb
ATMOrmillo etre Sir Ser.
err Mir 11.16, almode. Irere.
Illmbeer re. yes .M.Fogilso. art Tor b=
willease air able Meter
Oberee. tbseme. 11111= .r.ala=sed N. horde.
111meges, vat be Nor up mile emirs et re bed
TM orb be re Sear% Ibe leme Phi, Nam 116., Trier.
ler bere. Illarbeord Iwo Arm wet be nor sr as re
~as et the Ilk Oa.

NOTION TO ADVIINTIIIINO.
The amber es
Whs. M STAPS weed by the artimostsse th.
Itasp-effies, te the
DALLY MIAS Ina 3.447.000
Talk, we believe, is smiths aqAt pi • met. et the aesibes
Weed to the Plensity duvets, Skewer CAressiele, ass
Moornia. Peet, AU. PVT TOOSTilla.
Vera:te the sem, homed to the DAILY NSW.
st Taser, then were issued ler the Restos/ lighties.
YILI i=PRIM 778.714
Whisk Inn ate., we boost% the were howl eitket
the Glebe se NtattiarvA iveNiest Perim

1,17114 LT LONDON 1111041111.
T.. Pay —Womb.. le eta. mai t ♦a m%lSWm.pn &
to. easew--ilkousg. q air pia Materam. Mar ran 16

LONDON, THURSDAY, SEPT. 7,
Tax destroction of the potato crop is 1646, gave a
greater impulse to emigration from Ireland than bad
ewe previously been known. The people fired for
their lives. Fit or unfit, they fled bgare the whip of
famine. Not hope, but fear, impelled them. The
length of voyage and of way an foot that lay before
them, or how lemg their little stook might rtth stint
be made to last, there was no time nor use in nicely
calculating. But one alternative, ghastly and
nent, presented itself, and thousands who in any keener
per would have tarried and pondered long, before they
committed themselves and their childrento the chances
of a dim and distant future, clutched hastily the
remnant of their blighted thrift, and hastened to be
gone. From every port of the famine-stricken land,
the fugitives poured, during many weeks and months
of 1647. Every crazy hull which merchants would
not charter for their goods, found human cargo in
them. How should they judge of sea-worthiness, in-
surability, or ships' character at Lloyds ? Troop
after troop were seen jostling and crowding one
another, in their eagerness " to get oft" ignorant of
the risks they. ran, and of the dangers they were incur-
ring. Warnings, indeed, were given in the news-
papers. But of what avail were these? Poor, shivering,
devoted exiles upon Liverpool or Glasgow quays bad
little help or consolation to gather from antimarans of
general danger. What could theirprusaldo butquench
whatever courage flickered feebly in their hearts, and
iamb the already chilling energy which they needed
carefully to cherish and preserve? Towboat should they
tarn fur advice? Oa whose waned could they rely ?
Bopped the mere eetateeassat of the indicant and
ineppbeable ram of rassearinghaseen freight, surveil-
ham of any kind there was moos; and even these
miserable mockeries of life probation were notori.
and evaded and neglected.
The fate of that memorable emigration what tongue
Cr pea ever shall record P Of the floating MVO into
wllek Aids of helpless victims were thus publicly
at so moolz a heed many never reached
tr= for which they bad spread saiL Of the
mak sloe wised long after the reel time, many in
a Ababa plight, almost all reeking with the stench
at alma generated by their cruel overcrowding ;
her itthe having by the way "lightened cargo."
While ear philanthropists are ready to weep over ne.
peaseselay and the horrors of " the middle parer," we
pay them le look nearer home, and see ilea mmelless
est se menemery • trails in home helphamen him
Ist been awried on, and is sot at this very hoer
as to be carried oa spat. within the relight-
!edgier land we live in.
Per the pads mop be Idled again as widely smi
as Melly es ia MIL We have he- itated long before
makbg the melarcholy a/Imbibe ; but the truth is
no
kegler doubtful, and the WNW we look it in the
hoe and prepare with tortillas and Salaamed to
deal with it, the better. Masashi sinful
art its inevitable oinesquatess be. For sad
Ihme we
are neither nationally nor individually respemais. Hat
we are respossible,and we shall be held by the verdict
tithe civilised world inezessable, if warned by the
results of blundering and beiges°, en a previous
aoossiou, we besot or bleeder again in those mat-
ters whereby needless saffering may be averted, and
the lose of innocent lives is mallitudes may be saved.
Among the sod certain and important results of the
present annihilation of the potato mop in Ireland,
will be another, sad probably still greater,
pa at emigration. During the spring end serum
el the present year, great nembers who had L•lf ere.
waved on quitting their old homes, hesitated to go.
Appalled by the recital of the miseries endured by
some, and by the wretehed fats of others whom they
bad men recently depart, and, doubtless, inflamed
to a considerable extent by the partial and dilative
recovery of the potato pleat in 1847, they lingered ere.
boning againsthope, till now. And now the gambling
root has cheated them anew
e, and they torn coos mare
their thoughts towards the ast end readiest way d
owe.
Shall the exises:of iniquity of 1847 be repeated in
1849 ? Tu time to think strionsly of the matter.
'l. time that rational and obsidian skewe_d should be
directed, not merely to the prevention of wholesale
crimping and carnage, seder the protesters of emi-
grant passenger arsine, bat that the public and the
t 'toad enter earnestly won the too-long de-
Cr—len too shametay evaded—eonsideration of
what swans ought to be nationally provided to mast,
protect, cod rude tallustaryarayrogiore. If we areso
nig-
gerdl eo panicle wined as to refneetheeffort and the
that systematic colonisation would require,
at least let os whew= meanwhile to wipe from our
country the reproach which justly attaches to the
meaner in which oar annual emigration of the labour-
ing classes is eradaded.
A poor man flab it no longer possible to maintain
himself at home by his industry, sad sooner than lie
dowri in pauperism, he bravely resolves with his
Jingly to seek a means of livelihood else-
whin. He has heard of Australia and of
America. The cost of passage to the latter
big less than half that to gas former, he makes up
ils Riad, and having turned hie little all into money,
mail laid in a scanty stock of food for the voyage, we
him with his wife and little ones oa the wharf of
elm great shipping port—friendless, blebs, and
with no Weer aim or consciousness they the vague
ma dreamlike one, that be is going to Amerses.
Going to America! And this is literally all he knows,
sr his say mans of knowing. He is going to look
he ememeneerts probably as • farm labourer ; bat
where- ebb 'shwa is wanted, or is likely to
be mated, he bas not the remotest idea.
To cisme a seaworthy ship—not to be cheated
in his pelage money, not to be stowed in murderous
°rowdies= after his fare is paid, not to be flung out
on a foreign shore in a half-starved condition, or
flung into a fever shed without note or the mac; of
temporary shelter for his little ones until he can re-
join them ; for these essentials no provision of
any sort exists. Yet this man, by the very
act of voluntary emigration, has relinquished
his clam to be supported out of poor rates at
home ; has relieved -as laundry of those who
remain of so mach direct liability ; and because
be has taken upon him all the risk and danger and
privation, a merciless and ungraietul impolicy refuses
to make provision hr treating him with the amount
of decent care whisk is with universal applause
lavished upon the bladed braes that fill our zoolo-
g gardens.
Butt we go tether. Supposing all the evils
aeggaumnssct
maplieritests4l"irerwarohne".ll."l"ilin hem to be toarelemblyww
shamefully
well guarded against—mash dill roman to be pro-
vided in the way of ressimals 'ahem and aid in the
often difficult and prearmiene pada between the ha&
lag =the coed of Amass and thelnatepl'werk era
settlement in the beerier tithe seentry. The edam*
given upon this s by Mrs. Citantout ass ether
witasei, examined before the Lords' Committee on
jari
_daring this amnion, is full of Worsting
sad medve ilisstratioa of the necessity that ex-
ists hi every new country where immigrant is is

ernter, of rdellikkhdg• rinegstiard sad competent
ig'eey
Maltsehedrbrito el ingress„ingress„by whom and it
na y oftiflOollOy distributed.
Aa akin it Ws part of the subject bus
mailalid Ikea the pia of Mr. 'MIAMI °Lae, who to
shaky, and vivid sympathy with the wants and
asomollim of popularemfgritioa, mina that practical
of the hew and when and whore of the
=tot does, which nothing bat personal °herr-
valloa and =prima an supply. la • leder lid-
drama to °apt. Hamm (Isla fkoretary to the
Dana Constniaidon), in reply to curtain questions hoe-
-111141( the inttont to which improving landlords
might transplant a portion of the surplus popalstion
aniline estates to Ireland without risk of sung to
the people soot both, or of pecuniary loss to them-
oalmo—bl r. GNAT boa famished ample details of a
inhume of emigration. The first step it stated dm
The hist way regiedog your esaignate who roe seek•
kg shirk wpm hem the &Mindy labor nerket of the
effealsy wand WU ham as 'enthral, enrols. mei roil-
rid le seek d the western girt to Mom lisp slbsuld
▪ possesd, and who would direct thus on Mon wiled. and
di abate them se she ports when they were likely Ms find
• rains. fin their lobos,. About LW a par weld gm-
babtposninutd the terrier s ofgood spin to madmen ma
a bedews es a tarp dale. I may • wester sky for dors
germ la*, jars pleas, the dotard fee labour is germ.
mil gnaw la the west than la the eat ; in the second
pies% le world be rods seder for you to take
are of the gaudy, while du father implied
drowsk the country fa smelt of emploport, to
• red Ns ally or its neighborhood then in New
Yesk sr its neighbourhood. la the third place, land is
shwa In the wen, and laborers rho Odor to the moditioa
of
femme" them is the out ; tlerebro Is would bs bolas for
ts to he there. Tin dire el year sped aril
LT. kinosit earniated Irk the sensed bentities
monad aim whore labours= would bane she hem %If
flocking reamoustlossusploymnst, to nodes per is
es try anivest, sod to direst sod leeward Ira Ime
the tame he had previously onsertered tint liner was
rat is request In sore pan this woolithe a way try
task, as your laborers word sorodetr he angioyed en the
spot as fat as they arrived. In ether years is would maks
asnioa, as year egoist shield re net wily that your oral-
gs roan hood empleynert trod day to. day daring tho
esonths„
sur-
est bat else that they elle UILN7 to be=
end have a him for their MON dories the
whiter. It erten happens. OM la the wsetas olds%
thin labosnets wbo hap lingered on la them during the,
mown maths, 'raft at that sorsa a fair amours of eat.
eleynnelt are throws anew wholly idle in mister. Whoa
ohne" erder, shag W thonnelow is a place where lodg-
ing is does, cad ilsresei dear. and their sandiap almost so-
'Atwood they emesemetli suffer great distress. TOW
soot AMA *Medi" he nor or he could, leeward them
tats the obounionat siveliry, to Wsupleyseat of femme
ft prdhle. Ss, void Sod essay tuners who weld min
them a What In *dr banks; err winter ease Om
dory weeM have emir Wen proild for, than firewood
Oror the outdoor, and revisions es ebeep that the usallest
eandass word seppert their easdies.
Other poetise of the hewn which these eau
tracts are takes weal y be inspplvhle to a
reformed system of aid and cite. But the
justice, policy, whim, sad howselty, of iesseporat-
tog this suggesties with as, Odic
uprov whisk
shall be made far the ellerdegereatd mammies of
voluntary rmigradra mem the labouring claws,
appear sufficiently palpable.

IT Is not the ISM lONA of the mss ion which has
just terminated, it is not the mere paucity of its re-
sults, that has made It per like an incubus on the
public imagination, and made its close be every where
welcomed as a relief. From 1830 to 1833 we had
pretty long sessions, with brief intervals, each limited
in its results, atd ohersoterised by much of mere
wordy war and vexatious obstruction ; and yet at that
does the public, appetite for parliamentary amnion
essesed to grow with what it fed on. The difference
between the two times is this :—From 1830 to 1835
the majority in parliament were earnestly and sin-
elegy striving to accomplish great aims, in which the
adios was deeply interested. In 1847-8 an over-
whelmiag majority in parliament have had no de-
finite object in view; they neither set before them-
selves any gnat and well, digested amass»
to carry, nor followed up the measures they
did bring forward with that earnests= NA
perseverance which alone could afford a guarantee of
their conviction, that they were important. The
people are sick of the nein of 1847-8, because it
megabit= no desire en the part of the great body of
oar legislators to diesbarge adequately their important
famtioes—no power of ceinplebending or wimps--
thing with the wants of the minion.
In the worse of the session there have been no leas
than 255 division in the House or Comae= The
subjects on which repeated divisions took place are
obviously those in *hit& the house took interest—if it
took interest in any. Let as pan them in review.
The state of the commercial world was highly eel-
tical at the time parliament met. What attention
was paid in the House of Commons to the salted of
commercial distress so far as can be inferred fen the
divisions or the debates which arose on it? First and
last there have been nine divisions on commercial &s-
-trey. The first was on the question that a eldest
committee be appointed to =quire into it; the emend
and third on the question of bow many memben k
was to consist; five divisions took plate on the ap-
pointment of as many of its members; and lastly,
there was a division ea the motion which Mr. Han-
ante made on the general questice, to exonerate his
emseciemes, without any hope els result. After mach
equabbliag a committee was appoiated ; a report was
made by it in doe time; bat the report hen met nee
been seriously eousiderod by the house. TM quelleal
of oommenial dines gave rise to nine &bin and
as many divisioes, bat en reality the quoin was
never seriously discussed.
There have been numerous debates and division
arising eat of corrupt practical at elevione. There
were twelve divisions on the Corrupt Protium at
Elections Bill. There were eight divines en the
Elation Besegiusances Bill. There were four
division on the Puliamentary Electors Bill. There
was one division en the Bewdlsy writ. There was
one divides on the Cheltenham election, and
one on the Cheltenham writ. Then were
five divines ea the Derby writ. There wine three
divisions en the Harsh= writ, sad an ea the
Hornet Borough Bill. There was one &tides oaths
Waiter writ. There was one division on BMWs'
repementioe, and one on vote by ballot. In all
there have ton thirty-nine debates and division ea
the =Vest el Wpm's' our system of nations' we
correcting its admitted abeam.
Mmilitkla hue sere of all this wrangling? Litetallv
astides. Them has been mach fuse and bustle, and
threaleelag of =Meg severe steps against special de-
liegmeasies sad &Bequests; a comprehensive phis;
of Anna reform has been rejected by an over.
wheling majority ; and a vete in favour of vote by
bast has been obtained, which will be reversed as
son es the vinse-heldieg owl place-hunting judo-
melee laverbeen- gathssei =gen= main..
The reform
al tek
et
preened at tthe ameigatisa laws is al=
whisk minim he es he
esselem to tabour smasetly end in geed MIL They
=lit with desk none mask kept then wee
with eemaasa doesny. They carried it
late eseimittee, and. wearied oat with the exertions
whisk six debates and divines oestthees, they left it
thus Only one el these divisionsteek place in com-
mittee; the rest were on preliminary stages. The
was ministers did of relinquish the Crown and Go-
vernment Security Bill, though they had to struggle
through seventeen divide= before they could
Garry it.
The reform of the navigation laws would have
been an advance towards a wiser commercial policy ;
the alteration in the sugar duties was a
gads step. The reform of the =riga-
r ainetretreK was earnestly demanded by the real
iniestrial interests, and vehemently opposed by select
monegaiiste; the alteration in • the sugar duties was
deesenesd by sound economists and only ridiculed by
the anspek= ; the reform of the navigation laws
was and meesere—the alteration in the sugar duties
ai=oesoit &Mien Yet the ministers who were
far reilmgalehing the attempt to reform the
navigation laws, by six divisions, struggled through
fifteen &igen, sad ultimately carried their new
=en duties. The one division on the British Spirits
W'srehoasing Bill, and the four &visions on the rum
duties, ought to be added to the fifteen on the
duties, for the two latter measures were mire
mints of the former.
Then were two divines on the Property Tax Bill
and three division is oommittes on ways and means
on the subject el the property tax. There was one
division on the window tax. There were five divi-
sions es the copieer and lead deities. There were
seventies divisions in committee of supply, of which,
however, six ware more properly the nee of &bates
on pitied measures than on financial disensioes,
=eir called. The was one division on the
Bills Bill, and two en publics revenue. And
the twenty division on the sugar and spirits duties
moat also be onsidered as part of the financial