The Express.
London, England, 1847-06-03 00:00:00

THE EXPRESS, THURSDAY EVENING, JUNE 3, 1847.

t extended; but the tendency of recent highs-
t=eghas certainly been in this direction. If ad-
ministrative officers are to be looked for in the House
of Commons, it is desirable that there should be many
each men as Mr. LISPEVRE and Mr. LEWIS to choose
from.
The county which is expected to return Mr. Lewis
to parliament has, since the Reform Bill, been
represented by three members. Before that period
the representation had, for many years, been
divided between the two great parties. In 1831, the
anti-reforming member, Sir J. CorreettL, was
ejected by Mr. HOSKINS, who has ever since retained'
his seat, voting on all occasions with the whirl, ex-
cept on the corn-laws, as to which he declined to
follow his party, either in the adoption of the fixed
duty in 1841, or In abolishing the Jews in 1845. Sir
ROBERT PRICE, after representing the county for
many years, lost his scat at the last election from
declining to support the corn laws, and two protec-
tionist'', Mr. BASKERVILLE and Mr. BAILEY, jun.,
were returned with Mr. HOSKINS. Two of the pre-
sent members have determined to retire: the third,
Mr. BAILEY, the eon of the great ironmaster, who
is himself absut to supplant Col. WOOD in the repre-
sentation of the adjoining county of Brecon, will
receive the undivided support of his party, and is
further secured by the great wealth of his family and
by his own attention to local interest.. Mr. Hos-
eins'a seat is to be filled by Mr. LEWIS, who has
extensive connexions in Herefordshire, although the
property of his family lies in Radnorshire. The re-
maining vacancy is,we imagine, as yet unprovided for
by either party. Mr. Lewis's politics are, we be-
lieve, those of a strong whig. He has long been
employed in the public service, and possesses great
and undeniable ability and industry. In addition to
these recommendations, he is one of the most learned
men in England. Combining with an exten-
sive knowledge of statistical end political science
an annual familiarity with the literature of
all modern languages, he is at the same
time known as a profound Greek scholar and
phdologia. It is, perhaps, a new argument to a
county constituency to urge upon them as a recom-
mendation of a candidate that he has translated Bo-
" Public Economy of Athens," and MuaLtea's
"History of the Dorian;" bat even county constitu-
encies mar be proud of a representative whose name
is known in all parts of the continent ; and perhaps
they may consider that a member is not less likely to
be competent to perform his duties because he has
proved that he is neither idle, nor shallow, nor dull.
Great Greek scholars may often have been ignorant
of the world, but we will undertake to say that no
great scholar ever took in himself or others by a
" great Mott case."
It is likely, however, that Somerset-house will
occur to the electors of Herefordshire more often than
MUELLER'S " Dorian." We do not wish to re-open
the controversies to which Mr. Leavi,'s conduct may
have given rise. There is a general feeling that no
public office could have been subjected to such an in-
quiry as that of last year without some damage to its
reputation. Not feeling called upon to justify every
act of Mr. Lewis's, we still think that his integrity
and devotion to the public service were proved beyond
dispute. If he should enter on the new career of a
member of parliament, we have no doubt that he will
be an acquisition to the legislature.

THERE is little chance of the intrinsic greatness of
THOMAS CHALMERS ever being adequately recog-
nised by the general mass. His position as a church-
man,
as a provincial charchman, necessarily concen-
trated much of his attention and energy upon sub-
jects which, if not positively distasteful, possess at
least little interest for society at large out of his own
country. And the public is but too apt to judge of
men more by the sphere in which they act, than by
the powers of intellect and will they display in it.
It is a great mistake to see in CHALMERS merely
the accomplished expounder of the peculiar tenets of
Calvinistic presbyterianism, or the leader of the Free
Church. His influence upon the public mind of
Scotland extended far beyond the limits of his
own communion; nor was that influence confined
to Scotland. Few Englishmen or foreigners, what-
ever their creeds, came tato contact with him who did
not carry away some of the contagion of his genial,
earnest, active benevolence.

The robust and joyous temperament of CHALMERS
appears, in early life, to have given him no small
trouble, before he learned to confine himself within
the limited circle of his professional duties. His aspi-
rations were after a wider and more universal field of
activity than the Scotch church offered to him.
Indeed, cren age could not tame him down to prates-,
sional common-place. Yet there is no reason to believe
that his usefulness was impaired by the narrowing of
his range • the increased intensity of his influence com-
pensated for its limited extent.

The beauty and value of CHALMERS' life consisted
in his constant teaching and practical illustration of
how much any individual may accomplish, even in a
Limited sphere, if he earnestly seek to do all the good
within his power. Whether at Glasgow, organising
his eldership for church discipline, and his deacons'
court for sessional charity—or at St. Andrew's,
teaching his twenty pupils the practice as well as
the theory of ministerial duty—or in Edinburgh,
training the future pastors of a new church—or in
the dim recesses of the Cowgate, teaching the poor
children of the neighbourhood—his motives and his
objects were one. His inspiration was intense bene-
volence, his aim was practical usefulness. lie was
one of those mighty intellects which " the lowliest
duties on themselvesdo lay." His was the true religion
which interprets the opportunity to do any good
action into a call to do it, and thinks no duty too
humble for it which this mute indication of Providence
calls upon it to discharge.
The characters and influence of another great no-
toriety of our day, and those of CHALMERS, are
curiously contrasted. O'Corinni. did not prepare
the minds of the ascendant party to concede catholic
emancipation ; that was accomplished by the Buaxas
and other intellectual giants who preceded him; but
when the time for action came, he drilled the catho-
tics into an irresistible phalanx. Every attempt of
CHALMERS to establish permanent organised bodies,
however it might seem to prosper at first, ultimately
tailed, if left, to him alone. On the contrary, no
human being ever derived a new idea a new
view of his social relations —an impulse to
generous self-devotion—from O'CONNELL ; while
CHALMERS has done far more good, by arousing others
to exertion and setting them in the right way than by
his own efforts. O'CONNELL obtained political pri-
vileges for his countrymen without in any way pre-
paring them for their right exercise; CHALMERS
taught and trained many to exercise power usefully
and benevolently without ever conferring it upon any
one. O'Cotertr.u. was wondered at by all, 'nehmen-
minateairasata power; CHALMERS was reverenced by
as the intelligent an intelligence—and the higher the
intellect judged him, the more highly was he
esteemed. O'Cowitzu. was most idolised by those
who came least into immediate contact with him •
CHALMERS was mote dearly loved the more close and
enduring the intercourse.
It would be vain to seek among O'CONNELL's inti-
mate ammilates or traded for for one man of
powers in lay degree a • to his own ; the
great balsam and delight of CHALMERS was to (Un-
cover latent talent, to instruct, and afford it an oppor-
tunity of awful display. O'CONNELL opened to his
countrymen of his own creed a field of action upon
which he himself performed nothing, and to which
lie introduced no one who could perform anything •
CHALMERS, without altering one institution of his
country, has stirred emotions in young hearts and
developed ideas in young minds that will powerfully
affect the future.

The scarcity has not yet relaxed in the see=
in its pressure France, notwithstanding the
prospects which the weather and the crops .at preent
offer. Bread rose slain in prim in Pans, on Tow
day. The reuniaPelitY, whist has already void
190,0001. in keeping down the peke of the breed pur-
ebred by the aeowsliene arm in that eity, by
mew of bow iv lidos," hays Jut best diked to
vote a fortis es d 58,0001. for Eke relief sae the
month of Jane, end it is not expiated that he scam
anis ad to came this expenditure can be dis-
poni with. It will require not leas than 400,00 W.
m this manner. It is proposed to meet this
outlay by a loan, to be contracted by
at 117171 aria, for the sum of twenty-five millions
4111111 M

The none favourable aooounte of the prospects of
the harvest, and of the vintage, continue to be re-
ceived from all the provinces, as well so from the
countries on the frontier.

The intervention about to take place in Portugal
has excited the strongest animadversions of the liberal
press in Paris, as being an unjustifiable attempt to
repress the effort of a people to check the obit's!' of
power, and the violation of the constitution and the
laws, by the sovereign.
The precarious situation of the cabinet, owing to
the gradual diminution of its majority in the chamber,
and especially to its narrow escape on the question of
postage reform, in spite of unheard-of exertions on
the part of M. (linnet and his colleagues to sustain
their majority, continues to be the subject of conver-
sation in the salons, and discussion by the press.

The Madrid journals and correspondence of the
27th have been received. The same popular mani-
festations continued to be shown to the Queen in her
walks and rides, which she enjoyed daily on the
public promenades, where she mingled with her
people unattended by an escort, and without other
suite than tho immediate members of her husband's
family.
The King-Consort was still at the Pardo, nor was
there any indication of his return to the capital. He
had received a visit from the Infante, his father, at
which it is said he announced his intention of fixing
his residence is one of the capitals of the provinces.
A special courier had arrived from Paris at the
French embassy, immediately after which the French
ambassador, the Duke of Glucksberg, went to the
Pardo and had • long conference with the King-
Consort.

The Pope's nuncio, M. Brugnelli, was expected to
make his public entry into Madrid on Saturday last,
at five o'clock in the afternoon. This event was
thought likely to be fatal to the hopes of the Monte-
molinists.

Reports of a ministerial crisis continued to be circu-
lated, and to gain more consistency. It was said that
MM. Benavides, Mazzareclo, and Baamonde would
retire and be succeeded by MM. Cordova, Silvela, and
Nocedal. MM. Salamanca and Mazzaredo were suf-
fering from severe indisposition. The latter was con-
fined to bed, and quite unable to transact business.
The Eeo del Coniercio says that the Metes/ of these
ministers gives a serious character to the situation of
the existing cabinet, which already wants the energy
necessary to adopt an entirely new policy. The sub-
stitution of MM. Silvela, Nocedal, and Cordova would
according to that journal, be a very inadequate'
remedy for the present weakness of the cabinet. The
progressist party can alone consolidate the throne
of Isabella 11. •
El Herald° gives the following programme of the
movements of the army of intervention :
we have been informed that the troops sent on this expe-
dition will enter Portugal immediately. They will follow
the right beak of the Douro, dislodge the insurgents from
their different positions, and fall upon Oporto. Meanwhile,
the troops from Galicia will enter Portugal b the northern
frontier, will occupy Valenta do ]lino, now besieged by the
rebels, will sweep the whole province between the Douro
and the Minho, advancing to all points where their presence
might be required. occupying the whole of that part of the
country, and preventing the rebels to form a junction with
brethren at Oporto. This morning (27th), the Brigadier
Don Jaime Ortega begets his march at the bead of three
battalions of Chasseurs. To-morrow, three other battalions
are to leave, as well as the rest of the cavalry of Maria
Christina, and a battery of artillery, to join the expedition.
El Clamor Public°, noticing the fatal effects of the
intrigues of the agents of France, says:
Notwithstanding all the protestations of sincerity and
Rood faith mado, or which will be made, by the court of the
Tuileries, or its agents in Spain, public opinion will always
place at their door any untoward events which may disturb
the order of succession to the throne, as it is their interest
that Isabella 11. should have no direct heirs so that the
French prince may gather a* speedily as possible the fruits of
so many sacrifices and intrigues. The interests of the house
of Orleans and its partisans are in direct opposition to those
of the Spanish nation, and this is why the French faction
takes upon itself a terrible responsibility, and that the
bonds which unite it to the house of Orleans make it
the object of universal suspicion and distrust. This may
be unjust ; but it is not the less true that the public instinct
becomes alarmed on the slightest presumption that the
French party has the intention of making a grasp at power,
and that the good sense of the nation behold, only the dan-
gers that menace Isabella 11., whose preservation becomes
daily more precious in proportion to the complicated state of
our external policy and to the hostile position assumed by
the rival diplomacies of France and England. To under-
stand the difficulties that arise on every side, and threaten to
compromise the peace of Europe, it will suffice to consider,
firstly, that the marriage of the queen, and especially of
the infanta, did not in the eyes of many receive the
sanction of the nation, as the Cortes that approved them
consisted entirely of members of the moderado party, end
the heterogeneous organisation of those Cortes was detri-
mental to their decisions as coming from a chamber the pro-
duce of the constitution of 1837, and of • senate for life, com-
posed conformable to the charter of 184.5. Secondly: that
the treaty of Utrecht being regarded as binding by the great
European powers, the slightest probability of the Duke of
Montpenaier's becoming the husband of the Queen of Spain
in case of the death of Isabella without direct heirs, would
give rise to a conflict—perhaps to a war of bloodshed, of
which the Peninsula would become the theatre. Thirdly:
that a public separation bvtwecn the queen and her husband
causing fears of a formal incompatibllity, would be turned by
France and England to their own particular ends at the ex-
pense of our peace. Fourthly that the cabinet of St.
James's beholding in the Duke of Montpensier a candidate to
the throne of Spain, might sustain another and • more
po one is the person of the Count of Montemelin, so as
to ameemt the plans of the French diplomacy. Fifthly : that
thomis bed eg split is two factions, and, -o to say, in two camps,
essit fiatifiaLa pretender to the throne, the one supported by
other by France, without mentioning the claims
:VA of Don Francisco, Spain would bo like a slave held
up isttseprize fora deadly duel. With such a picture displayed
to their view, the public begin to feel the necessity for Spain
to solve the questions that agitate her in a fres and inde-
pendent manner, adopting the rights of her sovereignty. In
them moments of trouble and conjugal disunion, all eyes are
involuntarily turned on Isabella 11., who is regarded as the
only link possible between the present and the future, as the
only buttress against the rival pretensions of foreign powers,
as the only sheet-anchor in this time of danger and peril.
All true Spaniards feel this, and this is the source of the great
sympathy which connects the queen to the people, and the
people to the queen, es if they mutually dewed to concert
together the etrength requisite for assuring, in this ter-
rible struggle, the triumph of the Spanish monarchy and
of the national independence.

Advices to the 28th ult.. have been received from
Berne. The movement in that canton hostile to the
ultramontane league continues to be developed. It
will be remembered that Berne is now and will con-
tinue to be for a considerable time the directing can-
ton, and will hold the executive and legislative
powers of the confederation. It has just elected
several of the highest state functionaries from the
most conspicuous leadens of the liberal party. M.
Ocheenban, rendered notable as leader of the free
corps, is elected President of the Diet, and thus be-
comes head of the federal government The func-
tionaries next in rank are MM. Schneider, Neuhaus,
and Stemptli, the last of whom, nominated to the de-
partment of finance, also figured in the free corps,
and all are conspicuous liberals. The grand council
on the 28th voted an instruction to be given to the
Borneo° deputation to the diet in favour of the sup-
pression of the jesuits' convents of Argovie, and to
prevent the re-establishment of the Jesuits in the
cantons of the league. These and other resolutions
of a like tendency, expressed in the strongest lan-
guage, 'were paned with only two dissenting voices,
those of an old patrician and an ultramontane deputy
of the French party.

We have received the leading Roman journals, in-
cluding the Cotemperance and Roman Advertiser of
the 22nd of May, but inthe former we do not find the
name of Mr. O'Connell at all ; in the latter we reel
the following paragraph among the minoellanies :
Daunt or Ma. O'Conirm.x.—We are merry to have to
announce this event, which will be learned by thousands
with uncommon emotion. The distinguished tical leader
arrived at 0100111 on the 6tb, aoxenpanied hie eon sod
• domestic chaplain, and expired in that city on the 16th
indent." . _

A imes concerning the cultivation of rice, and
another respecting arrest for debt, both impost with
practical sagacity, occupy the attention of the editors.
A banquet to " Sir Riarft Ogden" in Bologna is
prominently chronicled: his speech, given in full,
nalasi je4ed of from a Engle pomp :
I speak earns Ws, I mess esmeOft acre than
As eselnags dens Isrds Icesale6a. Miss are the
yreersse by which awns lisesnins with nations.
Mat is the use of steamboats, islissais, mad electric tele-
wits, el whit& we ars es preni, mien es beteg nnaldad
ble dem
kispisea, ess=awa wstasi—era4crilsiat tor
bee prestesee,
intasershill
Gas belting it B. hae bean awarded to a
for French esspecr, nibs leading streets appropriated
their_espeninessiel_ 1111111M61111.
The .that dears publicised in Tuscany, is
freely coonsneled ea by the Ilbinisee, • Bolognese
;carnal,shewingisew far the
eels enlightened
is the papal view of the @Afoot.
Dr. Butler, " of the Cathedral of Newry," has writ-
ten to us to say that he is not Dr. /reersati, the kW
vicar-general, who for many years previous to Dr.
Blake's introduction to the diocese exercised those
functions, and was selected by the clew for the
mitre of Dromore, in preference to Dr. NAL We
gladly rectify this unintentional error, and trust that

in any remarks we have made on the deplorable liti- I
nation consequent upon clerical impracticability, we
have but one object in view—the furtherance of
justice and fair play.

NAPLES, Ilse 30.
Neither the people nor the government of this city
seem to be attentive observers of what passes out of
their own sphere ; consequently the ill-feeling exist-
ing between the Sicilian and Boman Courts, and
which has been manifest to the rest of the world for
some time, appears to have become known in Naples
only by means of a etartling piece of intelligence
which has just arrived. This is nothing less than
the fact that the Sicilian ambassador to the Va-
tican has taken, or, more correctly, has been given his
cong 1 ; in other words, he has been recalled at the
especial request of his holiness. This extremity has
been proceeded to, in consequence of the too fre-
quent visits of his excellency to the palace of Cardinal
Lambruackini, where it is well understood that the
opponents of those changes which the Pope is so ener-
getic in his endeavours to effect, most do congregate.
The connexion of Count Ludolph with this
cabal was so strongly suspected that the Pope
sent an expostulation to the count's master,
Ferdinand IL, who in his reply utterly repudiated
all participation in, or sympathy with, the acts
of his representative. His Holiness lost no time
in declaring that the presence of Ladolph was no
longer agreeable at his court, and the offending am-
bassador was recalled—not, it would seem, before
it was time, as may be judged from another circum-
stance. At a public dinner at which, not only Ludolph
but Prince Leopold, brother of King Ferdinand, were
present, the former refused to drink a toast laudatory
of the measures of the Pope. He was promptly
fisehiato, and the Prince joined in the manifestations
of hostile feeling.
These circumstances tend to show that a cordial

rather than an unfriendly feeling exists between the
courts of Ferdinand and Pius; but appearances must
not always be trusted. While one set of discordant
elements were at work in Rome, others were seething
at Naples. By the concordat existing between the
two governments, they undertake to publish each
others legislative documents in their respective na-
tional gazettes. The Pope's decree calling to Rome
representatives front each province, to deliberate
on public affairs, was not published in the
Giornali delle due Sidlii, and the Neapolitans re-
ceived their first intimation of this stride in the
march of reform from the Oenevese or Tuscan
journals. The Nuncio promptly sent to the minister
of police—who is in some sort en editor of the go-
vernment gazette--and demanded the insertion of
the document. The minister flatly refused to give
currency to so obnoxious an edict. The Nuncio re-
peated his demand, and accompanied it with a threat
too significant for further refusal, and the Pope's
decree was inserted in what newspaper printers call
a " stop-press." Whereupon the externals of amity
were renewed between the Pope's nuncio and the
Neapolitan officials. Seeds of discord have been,
however, plentifully sown, and they will fructify ; for
it cannot be doubted that the opposition of Sicily to
the reforming tendencies of the Papal court is very
decided. But how can this opposition be shown ?
No good catholic dares openly question the infallibility
of the head of his religion ; and while, on the one
hand, he may look on and tremble at the innovations the
Viceroy of Heaven is perpetrating, he moat, on the other,
acknowledge that whatever is Ilene is being effected
by " right divine." Hence it is that the prestige of the
Pope's name is of incaclulable efficacy in helping on.
the vast reforms which he has beguo. Whether this
veneration be strong enough to keep whole the friend-
ship between his Holiness and his secular brother of
the Two Sicilia; remains to be seen.

FRANKFORT, MAY 26.
The history of the Prussian diet is working itself
out as was to be expected. The summer smiles which
welcomed its opening are fading fast into the winter
of the royal discontent that is likely. to gloom around
its close. One cannot refuse praise to the conduct
of the members, who have throughout displayed man-
liness combined with moderation, and considerable
parliamentary tact. There was no want of voices
who pretended that the estates, on their meeting,
ought to begin at the beginning, and first debate
whether they would accept a given constitu-
tion or not. The question of the compe-
tency of the present diet to consider matters
brought before it, which by the promise of the late
king were to be discussed by a general diet, was the
first raised. The East Prussians were for opening
with a discussion on this score. The men of the
Rhine and the Westphalian chose to consider the
deeds of the present king as at least as weighty as
the sayings of his predecessor ; and that it was better
to try and lay a foundation while the conjuncture was
favourable for future rights, than to assume a posi-
tion which, could they maintain it, would have long
since insured them full constitutional privileges.
The policy to be observed turned upon what it
would cost to show the strength of a people to a
sovereign prepared to dispute such demands—whether
it was better to grapple with the four hundred thou-
sand bayonets that fence the crown, or to accept what
was felt to be a right, as a favour. The people, who
acted as spectators at this debate, were, however, by
no means unprepared for the conjuncture. Writers
of all parties had almost exhausted the arguments for
and against the popular control of a government, and
although clear views of the mode of enforcing a repre-
sentation of the people were not general, yet there was
nowhere any doubt that constitutional forms were a
real benefit to the nation enjoying them. The repre-
sentatives had, therefore, to accept their charge under
the consciousness that they were observed by those
who looked to a serious result from the summons, and
whose contempt would not be disguised if they did
not attain such.

The first step taken was to clear themselves from
all complicity in an attempt to junle the nation oat
of the rights acknowledged by the Lte king. A mild
form of protest was voted in the address, to the effect
that the acceptance of the king's invitation to meet
as an united diet, did not prejudice the rights of the
provincial diets separately. This protest included by
implication a reservation of the rights of the people to
a general diet of specially elected representatives.
The king took this in good part, but his ministers
brought forward a proposal on which they bad already
acted, and which they desired to have formally sanc-
tioned. The arbitrary mode in which a criminal
process is commenced against any party by
the crown is well known, and this mode
has constantly been resorted to in order to
bring any obnoxious individual into disrepute. Count
Rdelenbech, who had made himself conspicuous as a
liberal loader in Silesia, was indicted for treason
daring the period of the summonses to Berlin, to
afford an opportunity of excluding him from the diet.
The question, therefore, was, who was to decide as to
the degree of criminality or of suspicion which was
to exclude from the diet. The proposed law said, the
crown. The opposition maintained that the diet was
itself sole judge of the fitness of its members, and in
this sense, the law was rejected. A proposal to abide
by the decision of a species of courts-martial which
have recently interfered in the squabbles of military
men, was waited.
The diet had by this time been some weeks assembled,
and but little progress was made in the main points
which its members bad at heart, the responsibility of
the ministers, the control of the budget, and the per
freedom of the subject. The extract from the
budget submitted to them was devoid of all proof and
guarantee. The notes of the Prussian Bank were
issued without their consent being demanded. The
most important questions had been decided by orders
in council, without consulting them, while they were
assembled. These proceedings caused a number of
the members to foresee that the whole meeting was
likely to end in an empty and useless clisplay,
"pray as it was already hinted that their
endings were to be prematurely cut short. Those who
these views proposed • more energetic
protest against the mode of proceeding adoptn by
the crown, and wished to vote a plain declaration of
their rights, without caring about the effect it would
produce. They wished to clear themselves in the eyes
of their countrymen, and thought the earliest oppor-
tunity the beet. But a majority was still for mode-
rately vindicating their rights, in the discussions of
which notice was given, and out of 613 members but
143 signed the protest, which the president refused to
accept
A project of • law for establishing banks, to be
guaranteed by the state, for the purpose of advancing
money to peanut landowners, in order to pay off their
quit-nets and commuted labour-rents to the lords of
manors, gave an opportunity of introducing the quer

tion of the control of the finances. It was openly
declared by the liberal members that they would vote
no partial financial estimates until the whole state of
the finances was laid before them. The chamber
entered into this view, and the project was rejected
by a large majority. Suck a decided
step could not fail to awaken alarm and
anger in the servants of the crown. The
position of the ministers is a singular one. The pro-
positions come from the one, while they (the minis-
ters) appear as mediators between the King and the
people ; and on this, as on other occasions, the minister
himself proposed an amendment on the royal project.
It is clear that the responsibility of the ministers is
not acknowledged, because it might be enforced,
while the responsibility of the King, hedged in with
four hundred thousand bayonets, is supposed to be
inapproachable. During this debate symptoms of un-
equivocal impatience, at the manly tone of the liberal
debaters, were displayed by the president, Prince
Solms-Lich, who asserted the authority of the chair
in a manner that subjected him to some severe re-
bukes. The royal commissary, a more experienced
statesman, was placed in an awkward position be-
tween two fires. This debate has sufficiently shown
the manner in which future discussions may be ex-
pected to proceed. Petitions on the nicest points of
constitutional law are referred to the committees, who
will draw up reports and recommend their considera-
tion to the diet. All expectation is now strained as
to the coarse the King will pursue in the face of all
Europe. It cannot be denied that the members of
the diet have fearlessly done their ditty.

ATHENS, MAT 20.
The great question of the elections is the sole
object which at present occupies the attention of the minis-
try. They are determined upon having a majority at any
cost. Detachments of troops have been sent into all the
provinces which appear to have an opposition majority. A
detachment of cavalry, and a battalion of frontier guards,
have been marched to Patras. Another battalion of frontier
guards is ordered to Tripolitza; two companies of infantry
are in garrison at Calamata ; and a detachment of cavalry 11
also ordered there. All these troops are under the orders of
General Colocotroni, who is also authorised, in case of need,
to call out the militia of each province. These are the pre-
paratory measures which, independent of other means of
violence and corruption, the ministry intend to make Ye
ef. Intimidation te already at work, and it is greatly to be
feared that conflicts will arise which will be most disastrous
to the country. Many persons at Patna, known to be
friendly to the opposition, have been threatened with certain
imaginary accusations, if they vote against the ministerial
party. On the sth, the King promulgated three ordinances,
one restricting " the payment of the state expenses until the
convocation of the chambers;" another, "to fix the amount
of revenue for the year 18.17 ;" and the third, "respecting
the exportation of Indian corn." Thus the charter is vir-
tually abolished, and the absolute regime, ea it existed pre-
vious to the 15th September, agate reestablished. In
respect to the second of these ordinances, the government
acknowledged that, in the absence of a law, it could not lay
on any taxes ; yet it now declares that it will receive the
produce by treasury agents nominated ad hoe; that is to
say, it intends, arbitrarily, to fix a tax upon every con-
tributor. In respect to the third ordinance, it is well known
that it cannot abrogate a law, discussed, voted, and pared
full two months ago.
Their Majesties, after taking leave of the Prince Royal of
Bavaria, at Petra', made a tour through part of Continental
Green:, and are expected this morning in Athens.
There is nothing new in respect to the affair with Turkey.

FRANCE—PARIS, JUNE I.—FRENCH CHAMBER.
—ln the Chamber of Peers, the report of the commission
appointed to examine the bill relative to the reimbursement
of the caution-money deposited by the railway companies,
was laid before the Chamber, and wilt in•erted in the
order of the day for this day, June 3. Different projects of
local interest were adopted.
GERMANY.—PRUSSIA.—BERLIN, MAY 30.
In the sitting of the second chamber of 25th May, a report
was brought up from the committee on M. Von der Huydt'a
proposal to petition the King that the estimates and the
general revenue of the financial administration may be re-
[erred for examination to a committee. The object of this
proposal obviously is to enable the chamber to ascertain the
correctness of the estimates and the veracity of the revenue,
instead of being obliged to take the word of ministers for
both. The majority of the committee reported in favour of
the proposal, seven voting for and five against it. Ministers
laboured to ahbw that the request was unnecessary.
M. Heinemann produced specimens of the French and Bel-
gian (constitutional states), and of the Danish (despotic
state) budgets, as contrasting with the meagre informa-
tion which their government condescended to afford
them. M. Von Offers argued that it would take tao much
time to enemies a detailed budget, and the Minister of
Finance was afraid it would give members too much trouble. '
The report of the committee was nevertheless adopted by an
overwhelming majority. The draft of a petition based upon
the report of the committee was submitted to the meeting
of the 26th, and unanimously adopted.
FRANKFORT, MAY 22.—The most influential mem-
bers of the liberal party in the grand duchy of Baden have
resolved to send an address to the general diet of Prussia,
invoking that assembly in the name of the German people to
protect the most important interests of Germany. They lay
stress upon the necessity of according to the Jews the same
civil and political rights as enjoyed by the christitues. The
congress of the German states which, according to some
journals, was to be held at Dresden, in June or July, to
concert measures of postal reform, will not meet, it is said,
before the autumn. The German press, impeded in its
movements by the double bonds of censorship and the exac-
tions of the post-office administrations, anxiously awaits
from the diet a bill on the affairs of the press, and from the
congress a reform of the high taxation to which the journals
are en many instances subjected. The senate of Frankfort
has unanimously voted an expression of public tkanks to
' Baron Mayer Anselm de Rothschild for all that he has done
towards the relief of the poor ever since the high price of
provisions. The heat around Frankfort has been very great
for this season of the year, but accompanied by plentiful
showers of rain, and the state of vegetation, in general, is
such as to promise a hermit superior to any witnessed during
the last twenty years.
SARDINIA —King Carlo Alberto seems disposed
to go hand in hand with Pope Pius IX. in the path of re-
form. The German Brussels Gazette announces that the
Sardinian government has concluded a treaty with different
Swiss cantons, for connecting the Great Sardinian Railway
going to Genoa with the new lines which are to be con-
' structed in Switzerland. Steps have been taken with the
Enrrlish government for organising the conveyance of the
Indian overland despatches by Switzerland and Genoa.
Lord Palmerston finds therein a new means for diminishing
French Influence, and the Influence of the English minister
at Turin is much greater than that of the French represen-
tative, and this is universally the case with all the represen-
tatives of Louie Philippe.—Union Monarchigue.