The Express.
London, England, 1847-11-30 00:00:00

Vie erprefssi.

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LONDON, TUESDAY, NOV. 30.
IN the House of Lords, yesterday, nothing of mo-
ment transpired.
In the House of Commons, Lord MORPETH, in
reply to Mr. BAters, stated that the government
hoped to be able to introduce a measure for the im-
provement of the health of towns on an early day
after the Christmas recess; and in answer to Dr.
BOWRING, as to whether the metropolis would be in-
cluded in each bill, the noble lord said that was
a question he would rather not answer at present.—
The CHANCELLOR OF THE EXCHEQUER, in reply to
Mr. F. Fiturfen, as to the repayment of advances
made under what was called in Ireland the Rations
Act, stated that the grant taken was 2,200,0001., but
that the actual sum expended had only been
1,673,0001., and the sums to be recovered varied ac-
cording to the ability of the unions to pay. With
regard to the completion of roads, which had given
occupation to the poor as relief works, he did not in-
tend to impose any farther burden on the people of
England on that head but so soon u the sums ad-
vanced should be repaid he should be prepared to re-
commend that they should be re-advanced for the
purpose of completing the works left unfinished, if
presented by the grand juries.—ln answer to Colonel
Mote, the right on. gentleman intimated that Ire-
find and Scotland would come within the scope of
the currency inquiry, as well as England.—
Mr. Pfizer's asked whether, in the contemplated
revision of the excite laws, the Chancellor of the
Exchequer could hold out any hopes of the repeal
of the duty on hops? The right hon. gentleman re-
plied that the revision in question was not intended
to be such a revision as would interfere with the re-
venue, and the time for making his financial state-
merit had not as yet arrived.—Lord JOHN Roseau,
In answer to Mr. HUNE, stated that the government
did not intend to propose any committee either on
the subject of general taxation or on the whole ex-
penditure of the country.—Mr. HUE then intimated
his intention of doing so himaelL—Mr. JACKSON, on
the ground of the short time thz Railways Bill had
been in the hands of hon. members, suggested that
the second reading should be postponed until they had
had an opportunity of considering its provisions. The
CHANCELLOR OF THE EXCHEQUER holed the house'
would give a second reading to the bill se se he should
not move that it be committed before Friday, which
interval would afford sufficient time for the considera-
tion of the details. The bill was then read a second
time, and committed for Friday next amordingly.—
Sir CI. GREY, in a powerful speech, moved for leave
to bring in a bill for the betterwarrevention of crime
in
and outrage Ireland. The ers in succession
were Mr. Joan O'Cottnnu, .F. O'Connos, Mr.
MOREMAN, Mr. FAGAN, Lerd JOCELYN, Mr. R. M.
Fox, Lord BARNARD, Mr. P. Bowl.; Sir R. Pm,

N.. •,..••

.


Mr. M. O'CoNsau,, Mr. CALLMisuar, Mr. Dreami,
and Mr. Bacrnunrrox. The atm masted of
the unused were Mr. P. O'Ooxiies and
Ms FAGAN ; Sir BODE= Pm •ssiampogrted it,
dosed boa. umbers • in
nion that if redid inecuains fbr
Zoe*. the at am* lids atterapt to
lIIa eddy woad fiblio. At iseph
WM= lama ea sawasharsik to the dint that
iit was adjust to the people of boded to met a co-
ach" resew' without at the wise time bringing
ibrward welt andres awaronld tend to their perma-
nent dad. Isontbis question the hods divided,
the numbed 90 to 233. A second division took
place on the that leave be given to bring in
the bill, when the umbers were 224 to 18 ; after
which the bill was brought in and read a first time.

WE cannot say that we adobe the way in which
Sir GEORGE GREY put the WildOAR" case last night
in bringing forward the bin fbe granting extraordinary
powers to the Irish executive. His speech and its
arguments resembled much too closely the more ela-
borate and cunning speech with which Sir JAMES
GRAHAM prefaced his Protection of Life Bill.
Both disclosed a very fearful state of suffering, of
outrage, of insecurity, and of crime. But there
is is reality an Immense difference between
the two states and the two periods. The disturbed
condition of the five counties, which Sir JAMES
GRAHAM deplored was, in fact, an every-day case,
a mesa of disorders arising from no new crisis, or
change, or excitement, or revolution. It was merely
a continuation of the old Tipperary spirit, and of the i
sometime interrupted, bat never extinct, reign of
Captain ROCK. For this normal and regularly re-
earring state of disorder, Sir ROBERT PEEL asked ex-
traordinary powers of coercion. Parliament denied them,
and] the epokesmea of the majority explained why
Sir ROBERT PEEL had not gone to the root of those
disorders. He had proposed no remedy. for them.
He had merely poured oil upon the festering wounds
of catholic inferiority and of sacerdotal vanity. But
the land question he bad not time to touch. For this
and for other reasons, such as distrust in the influence
of the tory party to administer Ireland with success,
parliament denied the request of Sir ROBERT PEEL,
and power by that vote passed from his hands.
The present ministry now comes forward in quite a
different character, and with altogether different
claims. They did go to the root of the Irish land
and population question, and at once. They passed a
poor law, and they are about to complete that law by
another, fixing the rights of landlord and tenant.
Now, the present state of outrage and crime in
three central counties strikes us as arising
'out of the great change effected by the'
poor law and by the famine of last year.
A screw has been put upon the landlords. They
must provide for their poor. And too many of
them set about the task most inconsiderately. 'I hey
make clearances, and they at the same time perhaps
refuse con-acre, as was the case with the unfortunate
Major MAHON. The peasant, who has not yet learned
to trust to the poor-rates, recurs to vengeance and the
gun. If the law has not originated, it has at least
increased, the general state of insecurity; and therefore
it is incumbent on parliament to restore security,
and arm the government with increased powers to
protect one class against another Vieth classes, high
and low, requiring. protection), in order to bring
them through what is in reality a time of transition
and trial.
It is only upon considerations such as these that
we could approve even of the bill of Sir GEORGE
GREY ; and that bill we should consider objection-
able, if the peasant was not to be protected from the
severity of the landlord, as well as the landlord from
the vengeance of the peasant. The law contemplates
the proclaiming of a district in which crime has been
committed. That district is to be immediately over-
whelmed by an extraordinary number of police, for
the expense of which it is to be instantly mulcted.
But what is to be done to a district or a union, of
which the gentry at one and the same time
eject the tenantry, and refuse the poor rates—
for this, after all, is the origin of crime ? We should
be glad to see both delinquencies, resistance to the
law in either case, punished by the proclamation and
mulcting of the district.
In the first or usual state of a proclaimed barony er
county, the new law is certainly not severe. It
merely prohibits the bearing of arms abroad by the
peasantry, allowing them still to retain arms at home.
The LORD LIEUTENANT is, however, to be endowed
with the power of prohibiting the retention of arms
even in the houses of the peasantry ; and, when
this order has been issued, houses may be entered
by the police to search for arms. This is very strin-
gent, and will give rise to many objections. Although
in the hands of a humane and liberal Lord Lieutenant
such an extremity could never be resorted to, unless
the district were in such a state as imperatively to
demand it.
There is one part of this measure which we object
to, not for its stringency, but its inutility. Phis is
the clause compelling all persons, under severe
penalties, to join the hue-and-cry. against the
perpetrator of murder or agrarian crime. A sar-
donic smile, and even more than a smile, was visible
on Sir ROBERT PEEL'S features when Sir GEORGE
GREY stated the nature of this clause. Such a law
might frighten the Irish peasant into pretending to
follow and arrest a murderer; bat to suppose that
clause or Astute could compel him efficiently to aid
in such a task is, we fear, an expectation from law-
making of results which it can never attain.

WE are glad to perceive that the Times, being the
organ through which the foreign policy of the whig
government transpires, has become converted to more
calm and rational views respecting the Swiss quarrel.
Hitherto that journal made no difference whatever
between the most ultraliberal of Berne, and the ma-
jority of the Diet itself;--ell were confounded in
its vituperations as radical, and sanguinary, and re-
volutionary.
The English organ of the English government, as
well as the Paris organ of the French cabinet, placed
all their hopes for Switzerland on the successful re.
sistance of the Jesuits and of their league, and both
clamoured in unison for diplomatic interference and
mediation, which was to arrest the victorious arms
of Berne, and ensure to the Society of the Jesuits that
ascendancy over the political and educational institu-
tions of Switzerland, which constitutes, with the
Times and the Dibats, the essence of conservatism.
The nmss, however, came out yesterday morning
perfectly cured of its extraordinary affection for the
S: wise Sonderbund, this cure being wrought by the
simple circumstance of the Sonderbund having re-
ceived a most complete licking. This grand ultra-
catholic party, which France, and Austria, and the
Pope, and the Times were taking by the hand, has
proved • shadow—a faction made up of a few fana-
tics, and not capable of greater resistance than a
lively skirmish, whilst the chief towns and a great
part of the population of these cantons welcome the
liberal troops of the Diet.
The best and just policy for France, under such
circumstances, would be to confess its mistakes, and
leave the Swiss to settle their own affairs. The result
would be the restoration to Lucerne of that liberal
government, and liberal spirit in its government,
which for so many years placed it at the head of the
Confederation. The most distinguished and enlight-
ened statesman in all Switzerland is CASIMIR
Pmfma, of Lucerne, a sincere catholic, and a most
moderate man. Under such a chief as this, the
canton could not have to fear protestant ascendancy,
or a diminution of cantonal right The catho-
lic cause in Switzerland may safely be left
to the care and defence of the many
liberal and enlitelied catholic.. The cause
of cantonal in deuce may be entrusted
to the cantonal b. net The Times itself is
obliged at length to acknowledge now what we as-
serted from the first--that the Diet was mo-
derate and just, that the generals whom it ap-
pointed were men of moderate and respected cha-
racters. The way, then, to make moderate councils
prevail would be, to respect the Diet, and to increase its
powers, instead of denying its authority, as the French
have done, and exciting the Sonderbund to resist it
in arms, as M. l3oizor and Prince Mummer' have
encouraged it.
Bo complete a retti to reason sad fairness could
. not, perhaps, be e ted. Progress, however, has
been made. The p for armed intervention now
conceived by Austria, now pressed by France, have
I been suspended, if not abandoned. M. (hum, once
bout upon this scheme, has cooled in his ardour.
Even the last nst•able purpose, that of • Con-
, green at Baden, for dictating tura to the legitimate