The Express.
London, England, 1847-02-05 00:00:00

TILE EXPRESS, FRIDAY EVENING, FEBRUARY 3, 1847.

:excitement)

K. Genoa' _ t),—who said he roes to attack the
treaties at 1815—{cries of "oh ! oh !") —that their treaties
were an rttempt against the independence of nmions, a
protestatu n spinet the victories of the French arms.
(Rea. let d cries of " oh! oh!) The orator here quoted a
p 1212,7 from a work of H. do Chateuhriand. agei!.‘t what
he styled the od:oua treaties of Vienna. What Its now
spr.sscil was equally the sentiment of all hie friend..
(Left speaking.)

SWITZERLAND.—It will be recollected that
immediately after the revolution, which took place at Geneva
last October, a resolution was paned at an assembli of the
people that the damages sustained during the (mesa: should
he paid by the Council of State which had been driven from
office, and the commander of the militia. It was, h ,werer,
generally believed that this resolution being adopted under
the irritation of the moment, and in a popular meeting,
would not be ultimately enforced. The result, howr er, has
proved otherwise' and the Grand Council decreed :hat the
resolution should be carried into effect, and the parties were
aecor.!ingly required to pay the damages, e,ituated
at 42,000 France. The reply to this was a refusal
to pay unless under legal compulsion; whereupon
the Grand Council on the 22nd ult. pawed by a
majority of 48 votes against 23, a decree requiri, g the
former magistrates and commander-inaltief of the mi its to
pay the required sum within three days, in default of which
their property, fixed and moveable, would be seized. Upon
this thepartie. paid the amount under protest. A comber
of the citizens of Geneva, considering this proceeding to be
harsh and unjust, formed a voluntary subecription to reim-
burse the condemned parties. A letter, however. was
addressed by one of the latter to the submeibers, in which,
while they gratefully acknowledged the sympathy shown to
them, they (tedium.' accepting the inOemndy thus offered.
ITALY. —A letter from Pesaro, of the 15th ult.,
announces the arrival at that city of Cardinal Ferret i, the
new legate, who was wecomml with enthusiasm, the whole
population having gone out to meet him. The citizen: pre-
seated him with sprinted address, expressing their sidisfae-
tion at having him for their legate. In taking pomeas:nn of
•Itis office, Cardinal Ferretti issued &proclamation captioning
his happiness at being the interpreter of the wishes the
sovereign pontiff, whose tiros intention it is to meet th • en-
lighted views of the inhabitant.. Cardinal Ferretti is i such
esteemed by Pius IX., and was one 14' the first of the cardi-
nals who spoke in favour of a p rlitical amnesty.
An ordonnance of the Tuscan government, dated
Jan. 16, abolishes, until the 30th June next, the import
duties oa corn,grain, and vegetables, into the Grand Duchy,
either by Leghorn or any other points of the Grand Duchy.
The Count of Syracuse, brother of the King of
Naples, is dangerously ill at Rome.
GERMAN Y. PRUSSIAN CoNSTITUTION. The
Allgenzeine Zeaung, Jan. 28, cooky retracts the rumours of
in projected constitution from Berlin, which we have slijthtly
noticed ; and observes that its correspondents must be more
cautious in future. The day, which had been named
as the birth-day of a constitution, passed off with
no greater display. than the ceremonies of the Black Eagle
order of Knights, into which Alexander von llumboldt was
admitted.

VIENNA.—A sensation has been caused at Vienna
by the following incident, which has been committed
upon by moat of the German journals: In Germ ,ny,
to obtain the degree of doctor-of-law, the candidate is
alleged to start an argument which be has to defend in pub-
lic against all corners; the persons assisting at the debate are
entitled, if they like, to enter into it. These sort of discus-
sions generally take place in courteous terms, and are tau thy
devoid of interest, unless, indeed, the question to be discussed
is one of religion, when it is often found necessary fur
the president to interpose his authority. In this instance
the argument chmen by the candidate was the justifies. ion
of the incorporation of Cracow by Austria. A learned jurist-in-
sult, Dr. H—, who was to take the other side of the 9unsti
*poke with so much fervour,and with such overwhelming lo 4IC,
that his opponent was beaten completely on every point.
This polemic, which cook pl ICC in presen^e of a large and
distinguished audience, caused such • sensation that the
authorities thought fit to demand account of Dr. 11--- of
the sincerity of his arguments. He shielded himself heh:nd
his duties as opposite pleader, and stated, that there was no
paradox which might not be defended. The arguments he
made use of have meantime had their effect, and have found
responding echoes in many of the German journals.
10BACCO AND PUBLIC CHARITY.—The cigar-
manufacturers of Berlin have appealed to the police for a
repeal of the order against smoking in the strsets, stating
that, if it continues in force, they must. dismiss a great num.
ber of their workmen, and p remising, when it is repealed, to
give 40,000 dollars to charities.
RHENISH Pnoviscrs.—A letter from Dusseldorf,
of Jan. 27, say* :—" The communal council has resolved to
make, through their deputy, the following demands to
the provincial diet. 1. The establishment of stabs-
general. 2. Liberty of the press, with the publication
of a code on the press, and a law dispensing with worla
published without censure being presented to the
police four-and-twenty hours before their publieritioa.
3. To promulgate a law are3rding to which a difference of
religion is to be no obstacle to political rights. 4. To iii•
crease the number of the deputies of the diet of the third
std fourth class, as also the number of persons eligible a.
deputies. 5. To suppress the law which makes two-third,
of the votes requisite to be enabled to submit a proposition
to the King, and to establish a simple majority as sufficing.
6. The admission of the public to the sittings of the diet, and
the publication of the debates with the names of the speakers.
7. Equality before the penal law of civilises and military.
8. Obligation of the public funetienardes to pay the taxes like
other citizens. 9. Abolition of the resolution of the German
diet of the sth of June, 1632, concerning the right of petition.
10. To guarantee of individual liberty. 11. To guarantee
the independence of the judges, and to abolish the law of
29• h March, 1844, which placed it in danger." The other
articles proposed are not of general interest, with the ex-
ception of one proposing the introduction of a general
protective system, especially un German navigation.
PRUSSIAN FORTRESSES.—The only fortresses of the
Prussian province. on the western frontier on the Vistula,
were Thorn, Graudenz, and Dantzic ; whilst on the eastern
frontier, with the exception of the feeble ramparts of
Memel and Palau, there was no place of any
strength. This is why so much attention has been turned to
the fortifications of Keer.igsberg, which, within the last few
years, has become a fortress of the first clap. The fortifica-
tions of Lobsenz, the capital of the di-trict of the same name,
in the circle of Bremberg, will complete the Prussian line of
defence on the western frontier. Lobsenzcounto about 2,000
WIN and is oniy important in a military point of view, being
situated between two lakes which have an extent from south
to north of four mile, and a hal', and are only fifteen hundred
yards distant from each other, being connected by a canal.
It would be difficult to tura this point.
GALICIA.—At Tornou collisions have taken place
between the peasantry and the gendarmerie. Two of the
latter were killed. The peasants who killed them, five in
number, are said to have fallen into the hands of the gen-
darmerie, who, in virtue of the martial law, hang them with-
out trial. On the 21st ult., 300 gendarmes took position on
the frontiers of Cracow to guard ov r the smuggling across
the fronti,r. There are nine principal bureaux of customs
e,tabliahed. On the 29th the new functionaries were to
enter office. _

—CRACOW.—The merchants of this city have sent s
deputation to Vienna, to state the ruinous consequences
which must follow the levying of the toll on the Prussian
and Russian frontier; and to pray that this levy may be
deferred fur some time.

RUSSIA.—ST. PETER-saran, JAN. 12.—The last
report of the minister of the interior proves how much
most of the w, stern governments of Russia have suffered by
the failure of the harvest for wet ral years. "In the year
1844," mys the minister, " the farmers in these governments,
on account of the continued rains and inundation., were
linable to get to their fields, except in boats, The grass
which was mowed rotted in the me *doves, being constantly
under water. This was followed, at the beginning of the
year 1845, by a general want of the mean' of subsistence.
A serious proportion of the draught ottle perished in
esesequence of bad and insufficient fodder. Several districts
in the government of Witebskand Pleskow lost above half their I
I horses and cows. In the autumn of 1844, the winter eorio.flelds
were sown chiefly with unripe seed, and in consequence of
the cold and dry spring of 1845 they produced scarcely as
much as the quantity sown. In the spring of 1835 the fields
could be only imperfectly sown with summer corn, for want
of seed and of draught cattle. The universal distress preva-
lent throughout the government (the revenue magazines
being wholly exhausted) compelled the government to sdoot
I energetic measures, though it had done so to a considerable
extent in the scarcity of 1844. In the year 1815 the sum of
8,510,000 silver rubles were spent in purchases of corn and
grain, and advances to destitute nobles and other poor per-
son, the greater part of which sum was employed in the
Baltic provinces. Of this very considerable sum the !tavern-
anent alone paid 940,000 silver rubles; the remainder was
defrayed by various public establishment•.
The population of St. Petersburg, which is at
the present moment 440,000 souls, presents the curious
anomaly that it consists of nearly twice as many man as
women; namely, 292,000 men, and 138,000 women. The
number of marriages diminishes gradually in this capital,
and the number of illegitimate children increases. From
4,000 to 5,000 children ere annually exposed at the Found-
lines, being nearly double the number exposed at Paris,
whose population nevertheless exceeds a million.
• -

SENEGAL—Letters have been received at Havre
from Saint•Louia to the 20th of hit December. They all
concur in witting that the quantity of gum collected this
year a ill be csnainerably below the average, in consequence
of the Ikeda.

•be Court

- - -
WINDSOR, TEICRSDAY.—The Queen held a Privy
Council this afternoon, at the Castle. It wu attended by
H.R H. Prince Albert; the Marquis of Lansdowne, Lord
President; Sir George Grey, Secretary of State for the Home
Department ; Viscount Palmerton, Secretary of State for '
Foreign Affairs ; Earl Grey, Secretary of State for the Cola
Dies ; Lord Campbell, Chancellor of the Duchy of Lancaster;
Viscount Morpeth, Chief Commissioner of Woods and
Forests ; the Earl of Clarendon, President of the Board of
Trade; the Right Hon. H. Labouchr re, Chief Secretary for
Ireland ; the Earl Fortescue, Lord Steward; and the Earl
Spencer, Lord Chamberlain. At the council, her Majesty
pricked the roll of sheriffs for the English and Welsh coun-
ties for the preaentyear. A proclamation was ordered to be is-
sued for the election of a Scotch peer in the room of Lord Rollo.
Her Majesty having been pleased to appoint Lloyd Vaughan
Watkins, Esq., to be lord lieutenant of the county of Brecon,
Mr. Watkins took the customary oaths. The Hon. Wm.
Bathurst wu the Clerk of the Council in Waiting. Th.!
Queen gave audience to the Marquis of Lansdowne. A
rilentit was served in the Castle to the illustrious visitors.
The council broke up axon after three o'clock, and at half-

put three o'clock the minirters and officers of state to k
their departure from She Castle fur the Slough station of the
Great itibetern Railway, and returned to town by a Ppecia'
train.
Her Majesty and Irn. Royal Consort walked this
morning in the Wages. H.R.11. the Prince of Wales Mau
took walking exercise. Prince Albert hunted this morning.

A deputation of Scotch distillers had an interview
with the Chancellor of the Exchequer yesterday, at hi•
official residence in Downing-street. Mr. John Wood,
Chairman of the Excise, was present at the conference.
Mr. R. Montgomery Martin had an interview with tb,
Right lIon.T. Milner Gibson yesterday, at the office of the
Board of Trade. Mr. Entwisle, 111 I'., had ..n interview
with the Hight Hon. E. Struts yesterday, at the cfßce of the
Commissioners of Railway., in Great George.tercet A
deputation of Irish distillers. seompanied by Mr. O'Connell.
M l'., had an iota rview 3 tsterday with the Chancellor of thr
Exchequer. The Chairman of the Excise was present a:
the interview. The Lord &human of Scotland had an in.
terview yesterday with the Right Hon. T. Mang r fidieen.
The Lords of the Committee on Education of her
Majesty's Most Honourable Privy Council had a meeting on
Wednesday, which was attended by the Lord Pre4lent of
the Council, the Earl of Clarendon, and Sir George. Grey.

THE "DAILY NEWS" AND TILE COMBINED

PRESS.

THOSE of our readers who had an opportunity of
seeing the other London morning papers of yester- •
day, are aware that we had again the satisfaction of
beating the " Combined " with the INDIA NEWS,—the
whole of which we published in the entire of our
large edition in time for the morning mars, while the
Rotes and the rest of the " Combined " came lags zing
out with a second edition at eleven or twelve o'clock,
about the boor when the Daily News was being
delivered with six times the amount of the " leading
journal's" Indian Intelligence at Birmingham, Bris-
tol, Southampton, and other provincial towns.
This is bad enough for a paper of such pretension
but worse remains behind. Our readers well remem-
ber that on the last occasion of our taking precedence
with theindian News, we were led—by our former ex-
perience of the discreditable practices resorted to by
the Quadruple Alliance for the daily plundering of
our information without acknowledgment—to take
the precaution of altering a few words in the
printed summary from the Bombay Times, using the
simplest of baits to surprise the preternatural sagacity
of the Combined. The trap succeeded. The Combined
were caught, and we were enabled to hold them up
to exposure. In a word—we put our private mark
upon our own coin, and found it, as we expected,
" conveyed" into their columns.
For the honour of the press, we would willingly
conceal the fact that the offence has been repeated,
but that the time is come when, for a higher
interest, about such immoralities there should he—
as there "shall be—no mistake." After eleven
o'clock, then, as we have said, the Times and
the rest of the Combined published a second edition—
commencing their Indian intelligence with the fol-
lowing words:—" By the kindness of the authorities
at the India House we have been favoured with
Indian papers in anticipation of the Overland Mail."
What will our readers think, when we inform them
that the Times summary was borrowedfrom the Daily
News !--and that, for the sake of avoiding the
acknowledgment, a fiction had been hazarded which
detects itself! The fact is just so. We will show
the Times our private mark in its columns:—and
our readers will find that paper in poos.asion
of an article which never came from the India House.
Will the Times, and the authorities there, tell us where
they obtained the following paragraph ?—" We should
be under the necessity of ceasing to hold intercourse
with the government." No such paragraph can be
found in the summary of the Bombay Times : fur
this simple reason, that it was coined in White-
friars, to detect the Times. The original words which
it replaces are—" We could no longer hold any inter-
course with the government."
So much for the matchless resources, boasted
shrewdness, and pseudo-morality of the Times. The
high character—which is its own dear and threadbare
theme—cannot stand against subterfuges like these,
on the mere witness of words, and those their own.
Were the honour of newspaper literature not con-
cerned, we might be well content. That consideration
waived, the Times could scarcely play our game more
to our own satisfaction. Our course remains unaf-
fected by that of our rivals. When we borrow, we
shall continue to acknowledge the loan; and we :hall
persevere in marking our goods as best we can against
larceny.
We cannot better follow this up than by the
annexed letters from the Secretary of Lloyd's ;

LI:OYD'ai, Feb. 4, 1817.

The Secretary of Lloyd's presents his coMplimen't, to the
editor of the Daily News, and, with reference to the each,
sive and important information contained in that publication
of this day, will feel greatly obliged by being favoured with
the shipping intellkteuee from the ports of Bombay, Madras,
and Calcutta, brought by the express, (or the guidance of the
merchants and others interested.
Having furnished the required lists, we received
this handsome acknowledgment :
LLOYD'S, Feb. 4, 1847.
The Secretary of Lloyd's begs to acknowledge, with his
beet thanks, on behalf of the merchants and others interested,
the very obliging communication of the shipping intelligence
received by the Overland Exproas from India.
To the Editor of the Daily News.

The information from Lieut. Waghorn as to the
time of departure of the courier appeared last night
in the Express :
11.15 P.m., 3rd Feb., 1847.
Sir,—Pray note the hour above that this express really
arrived.

I beg to band you its rapid speed from Cologne to this
office, for the public information :
What
Left Cologne, for Ostend, 3.45 a.m., 3rd Feb
Left Ostend, for Doter, per 0.31. Meunier Primer Alice,
4.45 p.m.
Left Dover, for London-bridge, 19 pm. 33
Left London-bridge, for 31, oarnWll, 2.10 am, atb Feb.,
arrived at Cornbdl t2o—eay

In 17 hours and 3.5 min., nearly 23 tales an hour—of course,
esteem, by land aad sea, all the way. These are some of the
results of the Trieste route.—ln haste, Taos. Witonoaw.
Coruhdl.
• Nantkal