The Express.
London, England, 1848-04-05 00:00:00

THE EXPRESS, WEDNESDAY EVENING, APRIL 5, 1848.

It appellee by • recent article in the Vossische Zeiturag
that the entire force of which Ruuia can dispose at present
does not exceed 150,000 men and 424 gone, whilst Prnmia
alone can. with the Landw elm', muster 120,000 men, with-
out counting upon what the rest of Germany and Poland
and Austria an set on foot.
The tiilesials Gazelle (Breslau) of yesterday states that the
King has agreed to the following propositions : The national
Polish committee shall have the power of appointing the
commission to be entrusted with the duty of reorganising the
civil and military affairs of the grand duchy of Posen ; the
formation of a Polish army ; the fortress of Posen shall be
occupied by the present garrison, but they =newly act under
the orders of the commission. The Polish committee issued
on the 28th a very conciliatory address to the Gernten inha-
bitants, which it appears has produced a better State of feeling.
The Germans are entreated to overlook and forgive a few
excesses committed in a moment of excitement by men
who have just become conscious that they have regained •
fatherlan 4—a blessing which Germans have long been in
ion of. Several thousands of Poles have already en•
firer Their pay is five eilbergroschen (about 6d.) per day.
A great popular meeting was held at Breslaw on the night
of the 29th. The chief sentiments expressed were to the
effect that peace and not war with Russia was to be dreaded.
and that Poland should be restored to independence, but
not at the expense of German nationality, and that an army
of observation should be stationed on the Prusweltussian frou-
tiers. It was finally resolved to petition the government to de-
clove the entire independence of Posen; or to negotiate with
Austria respecting the freedom of Gellicia; to appoint Gene-
ral Von Willisen minister of war; to support the Polish
combatants with ammunition and money ; and to demand
from ItUtailt the restitution of the originally German pro-
ViIICOG of Coorland, Livornia, and Esthonia. Three depu-
ties wore chosen by the meeting to proceed to this city, in
order to present the address to the government. They
arrived here teat night.
It appears by the above-quoted journal that the Land-
hr ot the province of Old Prussia (of which Konigsberg is
the capital) has already received orders to hold itself in
readiness to march at any moment, and Prussian troops have
been ordered to advance towards the Emma-Prussian fron-
tiers, the impelling military force now assembling on the
Rut sian side of the frontiers inspiring considerable alarm on
the Pruse;an one, particularly in the neighbourhood of
Johonnisburg and Lyck.
The Pollee question, so far as Prussian Wand is con-
cerned, is becoming rather complicated. You are already
aware that by a loyal ordonnance of the 24th, the King
authorised the re-organisation of the Grand Duchy of Posen,
in a natural—that is, a Polish point of view. Now, in
the duchy—on the borders certainly, but still within the
duchy—there are entire districts in Silesia, Neumark, and
West Prussia in which tho German inhabitants vastly ex-
ceed the number of use Polish ones. In the district, for
example, of Chadziesen alone, there are 45,667 Germans to
3,61,5 Poles.
The peasantry in Silesia are committing great excesses.
Letters from Breslau of the 30th ult. irate that the splendid
mansion of Count Simms, near Oblau, has been burned to
the ground. The declaration of the Minister of the Interinr,
that all compulsory concessions were invalid, has exasperated
the peasantry in the extreme.
FRANKFORT.—The following is the programme
that the commission of seven has proposal for the
deliberation of the assembly :
1. A supreme head of the confederation, with responsible
ministers.-2. A. senute of particular states.-3. A chamber
of deputies formed by the electi in of ilex representative to
70,000 souls.-4. lurtolletion of the confederation by the re-
nunciation of the states ot the following particulars, in favour
of a central power : 1. The army. 2. ltepresentatton as re-
gards foreign powers 3. System of commerce, navigation,
customs, money, weights, measures, post, canes, railways.
4. Decrees of civil and penal legislation and pr‘ceeclings ; a
court of the confederation. 5. Guarantee of the rights of
national liberty.—The constituent national assembly shall
be convoked by the federal authorities, sided by men of
trust. A commission of 15 members shall have power to
convoke. If the convocati shall not he made in one month
the assembly shall meet again the 3rd and 4'.h of May. In
case of emergency the commission shall convoke the assem-
bly at an earlier time.
A report of the proceedings of the assembly on the
31st appears in the jaunts's. After M. Mittermaier
had thanked the assembly for electing him as presi-
dent, M. Struve moved, in his name and that of
seventeen other members of the assembly, that a sum-
mary of the demands and rights of the people be
drawn up and placed before a committee. This mo-
tion was rejected.
M. Sehaffrath, of Saxony-, presented a motion, de-
manding of thcassembly to choose a committee to exa-
mine the programme proposed by the committee of
seven ; but this motion was rejected. Amongst other
motions successively proposed was one by M. Eisen-
. mann, of Nuremberg, calling on the assembly to de-
' vise means that the national parliament may be
' organised, and assemble in the space of four weeks.
i After a pause of half an hour the debate was csm-
menced upon a motion by Mr. Eisenmann, to the
• effect that the assembly do consider whether it or
' the constituent assembly to be subsequently formed
will pass obligatory resolutions. The motion was

adopted.
Mr. Schultz, of Darmstadt, then rose and said, that
in his opinion the present assembly was not compe-
tent to determine the future political form of Ger-
many. Such a right can only exist in an assembly
formed after the primary elections, which would have
to decide-1. What are the territories to be repre-
sented in the federal constitution. 2. In what pro-
portion the population should be represented in the
confederation. 3. What should be the mode of
election. 4. When the constituent assembly, properly
so-called, shall meet. 5. At what time it will unite.
And, 6. In what manner it should proceed to its
deliberations.
M. Wiessner, of Vienna, said he was the only
Austrian present, and he could not but express the
wish that Austria should be invited to send a deputy
to the forthcoming constituent assembly. In Austria
the middle classes and the peasantry have not as yet
been repres.nuAl, though quite capable of taking part
in the most important deliberations. Therefore be
thought it the more necessary to invite, as soon as
possible, representatives of the Austrian bourgeoisie to
the deliberations of the constituent assembly.
M. Schleiden, of Sleswig-Holstein, proposed the
accession of those duchies to the German confedera-
tion, and to invite deputies from them to join in the
constituent assembly. This was put in the form of a
motion, and adopted.
M. Wedemeier, of Leipsic, proposed the accession
to the confederacy of the Prusso-German provinces of
the Baltic, which had expressed a wish to that effect.
M. Yunghans, of Posen, expressed the same wish
relative to Posen. M. Leisler, of Wiesbaden, said
that in order to complete liberty there must be jus-
tice, and therefore it was necessary to reestablish
Poland. M. Bredermann urged the same sentiments,
adding that the faculty may be left to the Grand
Duchy of Posen to represent itself at the constituent
assembly ; but that it was not necessary to invite
specially to do so.
the assembly decided the incorporation of the
Duchies of Sleswig and Holstein, as well as that of
the provinces of East and West Prussia, and
expressed its sympathy for the re-establishment of
Poland.
It was also decided that the number of deputies to
be elected should be in the proportion of 1 to 50,000
inhabitants. But it woold be allowed to any state
not possessing that number of inhabitants to send one
member to the asiembly.
In the sitting of the Ist, the preparatory assembly
for the establishment of a national parliament adopted
the following resolutions :-1. The several states must
be allowed to make elections according to the mode
practised in each. 2. The elections shall not be in-
fluenced in any way by religious creeds, electoral
census, or any kind of privilege. 3. The principle of
direct elections for the constituent national assembly
must be that of the assembly, but this principle has
not been passed into law. 4. Every citizen not a
minor is an elector, and may be elected. 5. Any
German citizen may be elected for each federal state
though he may not be a native of that state. It was
also resolved that Frankfort should be the place of
meeting of the constituent assembly.
AUSTRIA.—Our dates from Vienna are of the
30th ult. Great consternation prevailed there respect-
lag the state of Italy, and it was apprehended that
war was close at hand. At a council held on the 28th
it was resolved that the whole of the imperial army,
including the Ist Landwehr battalions of the 35
German regiments of infantry should be placed, and
the war establishments, and all the disposable troop
sent to Italy without delay. Numerous orders have
consequently been issued by the Minister of War, and
there was a general movement of troops. The Italian'
troops were to be reinforced by an army of
80,000 men.
M. Von Sommaraga, late Vioe-President of 'the
Court of Appeal for Lower Austria, has been appointed
Minister of -Education.
The estimates for the year 1848 have been pub-
lished in the Wiener Zeitung
Gross Income. Net lnoome.
Fkeina Florins.
Direct tar ea—Land tax, home tax, poll
tax, licenses, Jews' tax, /Se 49,521,00 0
Indirect taxes.—Taxes on consumption, •
customs, salt and to.nora monoplies,
stamps, lotteries, Poe% was, Pia-
ve*. ae•
Risoellaneous revenue.—Crown lands,
aequestratel church property, go.
Ternment manufactories, So.
Ilrial estimalol Let u owe 155,722,000

ZII•PLUTIMM•
Morino.
Interest ot tha debt
Cavil iYt
Y"Alra department and dipomatie eta 2,345,000
Army
General administration
Institutions
Police
Sundries
1133,803,000
This leaves a deficit of 83,000 florins, for making
up which the treasury trusts to the chapter of acci-
dents. Under the head of the diplomatic service is
included 40,000 florins, and under that of the police
374,000 flotilla of secret service money.
The Emperor has addressed the following rescript
to the states of his German hereditary dominions :
We, Ferdinand 1., by the grace of God of Austria, &e.—
Dearly beloved,—ln the midst of the fearful events which
are at this moment shaking to the very foundation the
peace of several countries of Europe, we feel it necessary to
turn with confidence to our faithful states of the duchies of
Carinthia, and to find comfort in their loyalty and pa-
triotism, as well so in the inviolable fidelity of our people.
We likewise declare unto you that we desire the maiute-
nance of peace, so indispensahle to the welfare and
happiness of our country that we do not intend
either mediate or immediate interference, in the in-
ternal arrangements which have taken place in other'
countries, but rather strenuously to exert all our efforts.
with this view we shall adopt the necessary precautionary
measures, and while we indulge the hope that no aggressive
attack will be made upon us or upon our silks, we shall
maintain them upon those frontiers where the indispensable
requisitions will tall as lightly as possible upon our people.
In r: gard to the measures which these requisitions may
necessarily call for, we shall turn to our fidehful states for
their co-operation ; and, while we acknowledge the right of
the calling of those states to concert with us r%specting the
best method by which those um astats can be can ied into
effect with the least possible detriment to the weal of the
countries, we promise to lay before them an enact account
of the state of things, by submitting to them candid explana-
tions respecting the requirements and allowances of the
state, which furni-h the requisite &ace, whereupon they may
ground their resolution. Firmly convinced that our
faithful States feel an equal interest in the welfare of the
whole monarchy, as of those individual countries
which they represent, and as whose depatics it is their
first duty to act, we are fully resolved to turn our special
attention to those petitions and requests which are induced
by their attachment to our royal dynasty and their love to
their country, We have been graciously pleased by our
proclamation of the 11th, and our patent of the 15th of
March, to convoke the deputies of the States and of the
central congregations, from our German, Sclavonian, and
Italian kingdoms, with the least possible delay, to influent's
the other powers to which we stand in peaceful relations,
and to avert anything that may lead to &breach of peace. An
attack upon our countries or subjects, or upon those sates
which are allied to us, would alone impel us
to the necessity of meeting them with all our power.
While, therefore, we recognise and arc resolved to maintain
their constitutional rights, we have at the same time been
graciously pleased, for the welfare of our dominions, to de-
cide by our own free act upon the establishment of a consti-
tutional administration calculated to connect yet more closely
the links of union which bind our various territories ; and
have reserved to ourselves the right of making known to
our States all further resolutions resulting therefrom. We
confidently expect that at this important juncture they will
give us their powerful support by well digested proposals,
which shall consolidate the safety of the empire at home and
thread, give the surest guarantee to the state exchequer, and
facilitate the raising of extraordinary resources which may
be tilled for by a change of events, without endangering the
welfare of the countries. Further, as in conjunction with our
faithful state: we arc convinced that the provincial and muni-
cipal institution., wholes maintenance and censolidat ion can be
the object of our special core, way he materially advanced is
wisdom, stability, and importance, by the enlarged co-
operation of our loving subjects, who have hitherto had a
very lieni•ed share in the transaction of the Diet, we hereby
recommend our faithful States to take this subject into their
immediate deliberation, and to submit to us the propositions
by which the burghers may obtain a more extensive influ-
ence with the deliberations of the States, as well as their
wishes and proposals respecting the reform and improvement
of municipal and corporate establishments.
1 his is our royal will and pleasure ; and we hereby send
von our imperial greeting.—Given at Vienna, 18th March,
1914.—(Signed) FERDINAND, and countersigned by the
Austrian ministry.
BAVABIA.—The Allyemeine Zeitung of the 31st
ult. says :
Yeaterdly afternoon his Majesty King Max'milian 11.
received a deputation from the inhabitants of Munich, and
an address relative to the proclamation of the King of
Prussia. The King spoke of the present state of Germany,
and the mode in which this integral position of Germany
could be best eff,icted, with as much energy no decision.
When the deputation, in the course of the conversation,
spoke of the Berlin excesses of the 18th and 19th of March,
the King observed, "Gentlemen, if blood ever flaws among
us, it shall be only for the general weal of our country."
You will easily in!er from this that the reception was most
cordial and tranquillising. At all events, our conviction has
been strengthened by the events of yesterday that our
monarch duly acknowledges the demands of his people, and
is resolved to accede to them in a public and comprehensive
manner.
SCHLESWIG-HOLSTEIN.—The Borsehlialle of
the Ist inst. contains the latest dates from these pro-
vinces. They aro Kiel, Altona. and Rendsburg the
31st, and Schleswig the 30th of March. The commu-
nication by post between Copenhagen and Kiel
having been put a stop to, the intelligence respecting
the Danish movements was vague and uncertain.
Bat private letters from Lubeck had conveyed to Kid
the intelligence that the King was about to ship him-
self for Kolding, with 15,000 men. Doubts were
entertained as to the possibility of so many regular
troops having bet n concentrated around the
capital in so short a time. It was certain,
however, that the Danish troops were in
possession of the north-east of Schleswig, and
had advanced as far south as Hadersleben, which
had been occupied by a force of 1,400 Danes. A
descent had been made from a Danish man of war on
the island of Alsen, off the east coast of Schleswig,
and the peasants there declared for the Danes. Some
70 of them had crossed to the main, and having been
enrolled as volunteers were stationed near lladersle-
ben. A volunteer corps of Germans was stationed at
Appenrade, but it was inferior in number to the
Danish corps at Ha4ersleben, besides consisting of raw
recruits, and considerable apjtrchensions were enter-
tained that the Danes might advance and attack it. It
had been commanded, but without effect, by Danish men
of war, on their way to Appenrade. Dr. Marcus, of
Hadersleben, one of the German leaders, had been
arrested and sent to Copenhagen ; the burgomaster of
Appenrade having gone on board a Danish brig which
anchored off the town, and, upon a summons from the
captain, was also carried off. The whole east coast of
Schleswig was reported to be in insurrection, and en-
thusiastic for the German cause, but no particulars
are given. At Rendsburg several decrees were pro-
mulgated by the Provisional Government on the 30th ef
March : one related to educational institutions, another
sanctioned the repair of cattle dealers from Jutland to
the fairs of Schleswig-Holstein • a third related to the
organisation of a municipal gtiard. On the 31st a
battalion of 800 strong marched from Rendsburg to
the north. The commander of the field artillery set
out the same day. At midday a volunteer corps
from Brunswick marched into the town. Up to the
latest dates only vague reports were heard of troops
marching from Prussia to aid the duchies. No an-
swer bad reached Altona on the 31st to the applica-
tion for assistance forwarded to Hanover. The
duchies have no ships, and fears were entertained of
an attack from the Danish fleet. The Diet of the two
duchies was summoned to meet at Rendsburg on the
3rd of April.

BELGIUM.—BRUSSELS, APRIL 3.—ln the sitting
of the chambers on the 31st the Minister of War presented a
project of law for an esti aordinary loan of 9,000,000 francs.
In his explanation of the causes for this loan the minister
stated that be could not state the items required for the
various services, and we. therefore compelled to ask for a
vote of confidence from the legislature, and submitted a
statement showing tYe augmentation to the effective force to
be 23,740 men and 2,000 horses. The Pre:curscur of 3rd
April lays: "It appears that the government has received
positive information which leaves no doubt of the conni-
vance, more or less direct, of certain French authorities with
the late miserable attempt to revolutionise Belgium.
LA PLATA.—Advicee from Monte Video to the
29th of January, have been received in Liverpool. The
only event of interest mentioned in the letters is that the
French squadron had captured two Brazilian merchantmen
in the act of breaking through the blockade, and had bad
them condemned at Monte Video.

THE NEW AND REDUCED DUTIES ON TIMBER AND
WOOD goods come into operation tomorrow, the 6th inst.
INQUESTS, YESTERDAY.—NEGLECT OP THE AUTHO-
RITIES OP St. PANCRAS WOHlLHOrtiE.—Before Mr. WA-
ley, at the Plasterers' Arms, Little Clarendon-stret t, Somers-
town, 111 to the death of Elisabeth Barrow, aged 65. It was
stated that the deceased was ill when she entered the work-
house ; she was there three or four weeks, was unwell all that
time without seeing any medical men, and when discharged
was so indisposed that it took her two hours to walk home, a
distance of a quarter of a mile. The jury returned a ver-
dict that "On the 28th March Elizabeth Barrow died
from the offsets of a natural dise►se, and that her dis-
charge only five days before. death was marked
with circumstances of negligence and cruelty."—
A Cunt) Saor.—On Monday, before Mr. Carta., at
fihrewabury-house, near Woo/inch, on the body of Charles
Markham, a child whose death, caused by a shot from a gun
fired at a target by Mr. Dennn. returned we reported in our
caper of yesterday. The jury a verdict of " Acci-
dental death."