The Express.
London, England, 1865-02-06 00:00:00

NuTICE to ADVERTISER-S.—A DOUBLE
NUMMI of "THR =TRIMS" will be published TO-
MORROW, containing the gOLIMIS arum on the occasion of
the Opening of Parliamost. hevectisemente must be received
hot later than 1U o'closk the muse esoculeg.

JOHN BROGDZWEI ZXOXLLINTZ BIJOU-
TILLIICOOIANTILKODILIBBNICLAU4 le FABRIQUE.
J. B. harms been heaseared wilts ltretalass Pail at the Paris
Universal Exhibition. emonmealed by the above nattering tee,
steemiel. resratully Unitas the pnbhc to an imepection of his
°OLD CIiAIN6 Ala ostensive assortment at JIWELLYJiY, a/1
made on the trembes.—JOHN BRUODBN, Ooldsadth. Yana-
Yo. itt. Henrietta-street, Ceveatipardell. W.C. Now
bUshed A.D. Md. Assays made at Maas sad Jewellery Inc le.
each. NB. This tetablisluneut Isolated at 6us the ileitis& sad
on batardays at 1 o'clock.

CIANDLES.—PRIZE MEDAL.
PAHAVFINL—Adopind her Malady's llovertunent
the military stationm
J. C. and J. !MD;
the edging manufacturers and holden of the isn ?nu Medal.
caution the public against any spurioas Imitations. The label
Is Oil all packets aml boson Ma by men throng this
khWein. Wholesale sad for emertatton at the Works, DPP=
MAIM LAMBETH, LONDON. S., whore also may H obtained
then misbrand Caned liondes teat Uhler.

THE PALL MALL GAZETTE,
An EVENING NLNDPAPU sad MOW, will swim
on TUISDAY, Febrom T. Pirko TllO9lllOOll.

"PRICES GREAT SPANISH CLROUS and
litreopßoai. lb the AGRICULTURAL MALL,JIyIERY
EVENING at Seems. DAY Plivoinuxess, TU=DAYS,
THURSDAYS, and SATURDAYS, at two.
STARTLING ANNOUNCRMSZeT.--Mr. PRIM begs respect-
My to inform the mislay. gentry. and public generallY. that
be has succeeded in espaging, as a may great elms" the
services of the reasoned SLONDIN, the Hero of Nbstars. for
SIR NIGHTS ONLY, peerless to his Mid deLarture hem
He will have the honour of seating
VITIVENING, Feb. OM for ape flist tires W
him
r
vellum feats on the Hllgh Rose. as performed by him at the
Cryitsl Palos : he wil Mee appear at sash Day Performance.
SKOV NDI and MALLOL. the oelebratarepdansh artiste, in theft
extraordinary festoon the Tremor., all that has exert
been men in this country, In conjunction wi the whole of the
Wanted troupe of male and female artiste of this vest estab-
lialuneet, selected hem the Cireuft of Spain. PortugaL
Petersburg. Berlin, and the Himedrome of Paris, among the
principal of whom may be named, Y. Rases, Mr. Prank Pastor,
Mama Ferdinand, Oluseppl, Selswars. and Ryan Mesdames
Rens and Herzog, lidlle. Lisa Schwarz, and Malta Chriatine
Rena French, GOMM. Mihaly Stielitsk sad Chmhi-
Mr. George Newcomb, the Lion Tamer, with the wonderful
'group of performing dons. TM largo* and bed stud of highly
valued school horses, fighting ponies, and edneated mules In
llirope. —The free list and season tickets entirely emended
during Blendies ilogmesenest. the public press asomfted.

UllbilIMBICR! we wait Supper for you after
I.llt IS Pantomime. at TIVA/113. Pall not.

the evoregiO•

TO 001111111021DRNTS.
Advertisements Weeded foe " Sopron' tendon Evening
=ic .is mat ray t 01108* las geavertireinet. by rave

w MAJESTY%
Tan CTINDNA LAZA. Venom Swift, Hooey, Farber, Testat,
Renwick maws Anna Wm. GAtarell, laiser.—Cooductor,
tgeor t
trttitrti 4 -And Toßt. LION AND Tlt pacoss.
e
. . at

BATidalegt.
THIS EVCIIING, DAVID GAJULICIL—LOILD DIINDAILAZY
MAMBO AND DONE ?OZ. iissura. &Ahern. Braid, Book-
None, Gordon : Wu Snowdon. —NUNCIOS SPILINGTIME.
Mr. Coot:Ann.—And THY WOLF AND TIM LAKE

PEI NCINrA.
Tim Iron" MI 11.AuIC HORSE AND TUC ICZ MAIDIN
FILINCIA.B. 43.4 INA STAIN!" OP LONDON. Maws. V& t..
J. W. Hay, P. Irlatnr, D. Murry, J. Nelms, H. irowwWw. sad
H. Melba ; Kra IL Mani," Mims Barnett sod Gwynn&

LYCEUM.
Tarr ETI2IIIIO. EJMPDON AND CO. Mr. Emery sad MIA
ilsworthr.—THtlap ROAD-SIDI INN.Upward Moms. Yachts:,Dls Ihvorrsmaa.
Plstrir Garden. . Mum
—AM BILLIC-FACILD IMPk.OOTOI.I. Nr.111,1(11°,7E0). tlsy.

SIITANA u.
Ms ammo, LITTLE BUSY 888 or, the Old Lady of
Throodooodlostreed.p Mesdames S. UM. W. arodord, owl E.
Joarbo ; Mr. 0. Blrood. P.st-roto Paidoedmirto —Sod TIM
WOILK-O[[&LB OF ILONDON.--Coamosoo at balf-poitt

HIGH WAThZ AT LONDON-BRIDGE.
Tea MAT Monday 106. 5105.....A150r0000, Ilh. M/M.
a0.1101.10W Morning. 1111. Uoi.....Ationiooo, Oh. Oa

LONDON, MONDAY, FEBRUARY 6.

Tux passing of the Act for providing the casual
poor of London with nightly food and shelter has
naturally compelled the benevolent promoters of
the Refuges which depend on individual charity to
review the grounds on which they justify either
their own liberality or their appeals to public sup-
port. Whatever difficulty there may be in de-
fining the respective spheres of legal and voluntary
relief, nothing can be clearer than that the assump-
tion by the latter agency of duties which properly
belong to the former is in reality making a grant
to the ratepayers, under the guise of doing a kind-
ness to the poor. According to the theory of
English law, every destitute person has a claim on
the State for the adequate relief of his necessities;
and if in ■ny class of cases the bare subsistence
thus guaranteed is withheld, the true remedy is not
to leave private charity to bear the burden which
should rest by rights on the shoulders of the com-
munity at large, but to take the necessary mea-
sures for carrying the law into effect. It has been
urged, therefore, not altogether unnaturally, that
the opening of a sufficient number of casual wards
throughout the metropolitan workhouses virtually
leaves the private Refugee without a reason for
their existence. They may go on, it is said, for a
year or two, until the workhouse officials have
grown accustomed to their new duties, and the
poor have had time to become acquainted with
the rights which the law secures to them ; but as
soon as these objects have been attained there
will no longer be any excuse for keeping on foot
two organizations to do the work which is proper
to one of them. If the accommodation provided
in the workhouse is insufficient for the demands
which are made on it, the proper authority should
be invoked to make the guardians do their duty ;
if there is room for every applicant, there can be
no reason for supplementing a non-existent defi-
ciency by funds which might be better employed.
Under these circumstances the promoters of the

Newport Market Refuge may be fairly coogratu
Lied upon obtaining the support of the CNA*
emote of the EXCHEQUIS. The author of the
clause for subjecting charities to income tax is not
likely to let justice and common sense escape him
behind the mists of sentimental benevolence, and
his speech at the annual meeting of the institution
last Friday may be recommended to any hesitating
subscriber, as combining in a remarkable degree
the frankest recognition of the true function of the
Poor Law, with an equally hearty vindication of
the position assumed by the Refuge. "It is not,"
says Mr. GLA DBTONZ, "simply because there
"is a good motive and • liberal dis-
" position that we are to assume that a
" scheme with which they are associated is • wise
" and beneficent scheme. Much mischief is done
" with the beat aims and intentions, and I. for my
" part, do not hesitate to say that so far from
" giving support, I would, on the contrary, offer
" objection and opposition, so far as it lay within
" niy own proper sphere to do so, to any institution
" which aimed at interfering in the slightest degree
" with what I conceive to be the legitimate and I
" proper purposes of the Poor Law." Nor does
he lay any stress whatever on the alleged deficiency
of the accommodation afforded by the workhouses.
There may, indeed, be defects in the manner in
which the relief is administered, but, in the face
of Mr. FARNALL's statistics, it cannot be fairly
contended that it is insufficient in respect of quan-
tity. Ou the coldest night of the week ending,
January 28, of the 1,676 beds provided in
the casual wards of the metropolis, only
6l 1 were occupied, and, after making
every possible allowance for appl►cants denied ad-
mission owing to needless and inconvenient regn-
Ltions, it can hardly admit of question that more
persons might have availed themselves of the
shelter provided if they had only felt disposed to
do so. But side by aide with this fact we find