The Express.
London, England, 1851-04-11 00:00:00

THE EXPRESS, FRIDAY ETENING, APRIL 11, 1851.
• ._,

station was one which

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Mr. AOLION BY' supported the petitioner's application
upon the ground that the proceeding of. the cottinittele had
Vetoers in strict conformity with the act Ilth•emd: nth
Vitoria, amp. OS, and aleo b'ecanse the party hid-near
been heard.
fhe ATTORNEY-GENE:I4A tegieklerred thlllaita-
ceedings of the eoelmittre bast prfectly defied e ept
twin one point, which he itlpo;engied a gumlike' ei w
of much nicety, and he so steal:haa minutefir.mt tif
proceedings o the committee should he p`rinted, in order
that the matter might be maturely considered.
'lbis amendment WAS agreed to, and the motion upon the
other grounds was negatived.
Mr. AGLIONISIC gave notice to move, nest d ty, that
Edwards should attend the house, to be heard at the bar,
concerning the matters contained in his petition.
COIMNIAL EXPENDITURE.
Sir W. MOLES WORTH then rose to move a duplicate
resolution declaring, first, that steps ought to be taken as
speedily as possible to relieve this country from the civil and
military expenditure now incurred on account of the colo-
nies, excepting only the military stations and convicts act:
tlements; and, secondly, that there ought to be given to all
but those last named dependencies ample powers for local
self-government, so as to set them free from the imperial
interference with their affairs, which is inseparable from
their present military ticeuption. Ile began by stating
the amount of the expenditure incurred by the
l; cited Kingdom on account of the colonies. Ac-
cording to tie last return for 181 G-17 this amount was
3,500,0001. That worn consisted chiefly of two items—
namely, civil expenditure, about 500.0001., military elipea-1
diture, about 3,000,0001. Under the head military !
expenditure was include the expenditure on as
count of the army, ordnance, and commissariat in the
colonies. There appeared to have been a large increase M
that expenditure in the course of the last 20 years ; it I
amounted in 11432 to only 1,690,00 W., in 183.5 to
2,400.0001.. in 1843.4 to 2,690,0001., and in 1846-7 1
to 3,000,0001. Therefore, if the returns were cor-1
rect, there bad been an increase of 1,200,0001.
in the colonial military expenditure since 1833.
In addition to the effective military expenditure of
3,000,0041., the non-effective military expenditure had
to be reckoned (hear, hear) —namely, the auto that
was paid for military serviceethat had in former years been
performed in the colonies; he meant the sum that had been
paid in the shape of half-pay pensions and retiring allowances
to soldiers who had served in the colonies, or in other words
that portion of the dead weight which had been occasioned
by the military force which had been maintained for the
colonies. Therefore, in order to ascertain the whole &mou
of the colonial military expenditure of the United King-
nt
doms, it would he necessary to add to the effective expendi-
ture of 3,000,0001. a proportionate amount of the dead
weight. Now in the year 1816-7, the military expen-
diture of the United Kingdoms had amounted to
about 9,000,0001.; of that sum 6,603,0001. haul been
effective expenditure ; 1,400,0301. bad been non-
effective expenditure ; of the 6,600,0001. effective
military expenditure, ho had said that 3,000,090 f., or
o.ilths, had been on account of the colonies. Ile was,
therefore, entitled to reckon that 6-11ths of the dead weight
had also been on account of the colonies—(hear, hear(—
adding, therefore, 1,000.0001. of dead weight to 3,000,0301.
of effective expenditure, the whole colouial military expen-
diture by the United Kingdoms fur the year 1810-7 would
have amounted to 1,000,0001. (Hear, hear.) To this sum,
he might quote high aathorities to prove that he was en-
titled to add II further sum on a.x.tunt of the expense of the
entire military force, which it was uccevoary to maintain
in this kingdom, in order to relieve the troops in the co.
lonics. According to the system of reliefs established,
for every two tegimente serving in the colonies one
regiment would be required to be maintained at home
to afford relief. Last year the military force in the colonies
exclusive of colonial corps, which do not require to be re-
hewed, amounted to about 30,000 men. That force would
eon...mealy require 15,000 men iu this country far their
relief. it was evident, therefore, that he (sir W. Moles-
worth) was entitled to charge to the colonial military me
count a very considerable sum fur reliefs. And to this emu
he might add a further sum on as:counter native wars, re-
bellions, &e. It was evident therefore that he had not,
over estimated the colonial military expenditure for 1816.7
when he reckoned it at live elevenths of the whole military
expenditure of the Unite il Kingdoms, namely, at the sum
of 4,11010001. (Hear, hear.) This was a eery large main of
money, it was 9.5. in the Imam' upon our exports to the
colonies in 1819; it eactediel by 643,0001 the whole of the
local revenues of the colonies in that year ; it was equal to
the whole sum collected by the taxes on windows and the
excise duties mi soap, paper, and hops. Could that expendi-
ture be reduced ? Nu immediate reduction could be male in
the dead weight, for its amount depended upon the amount of
force which had Icon maintained in the colonies; if the
niffleary fierce in the colonies were 0. he permanently re-
duced, then ultimately the dead weight would also be re-
dueed. It was only, therefore, in the 3,000,11110 k of effec-
tive
military expenditure that an immediate reduction could
he made. Doer was that sum expended? The larger por-
tion edit was expended in paying clothing and maintaining
the %nee* in the colonies. In the year 1816-7, the mili•
tory fore: in the colonies consisted of 12,013 regular troupe,
1,937 artillery, sod 717 engineers, iu all 45,727 meet ; at
present the military force in the colonies amounted to about
41,000, delusive of the reinforcement. which were about
to he vent to the Cape of Good Hope. in 1846-7, the pay,
clothing, and Mainteltilt 0 of the troops in the colonies
hail cost shout 1,100,0001. These troops were dis-
persed over thirty-seven colonies. In each colony there
was one or more military stations, in all about 1
.11; in each military station there was either a 1
letrniek, or an orelmotee, or a cominisariat establishment— !
generally all three. To these establishments were attached !
coiniaietariat officers, barrack-maters, store-keeper. clerks
of the works, and numerous workmen. 'the salahes acid
wages of these persons had cost for the year 1846-47. about
199,11001 (Dear.) In each station there was a store-hou.e.
Each storehouse contained a quantity of stores). According
to a return preseutedto the committee on ordnance expen-
diture, the value of the stores iu the colonial storehouses in
the year 11116-17 amounted to about I,soo,oool—,lecar)
• sufficient amount of stores, if they did nut perivh previ-
ew', of themselves, fur 20 years' consumption during peace,
yet in that year the expenditure of the Unite .1 Kingdoms
for ordnance stores fur the colonies had amounted to
140,00 0. —lit mint of the ee +dations there were either furti.
Yemeni., ordnance work., or other military building...
These military buildings had been erected at a great ex-
pense, and were kept in repair at a very considerable
annual cost. According to a return presented to the
enlnanee committee the sum expended on ordnance works
la the interval between 1819 and 1647 had touounted to
11,500,1e01. and the outlay un ordnance "Forks and repairs
for 1516-7 had been about 330,0001. (Hear, heart The
transport of troops and stores in the NUM year coot about
110,0001. (near, hear.) Adding these items together, the
sum total would be lout 3,000,0001. It was evident that
the expense of these things would in a series of years he in
proportion to the amount of military force maintained in
the colonic; therefore to make any permanent
sad considerable reduction in the colonial military
expenditure of the United Kingdoms, the amount of 1
military force in the colonies must be reduced Was
it nece.sary to maintain 45,700 troops iu the colonies
at the expense of the United Kingdoms ? Mow were these!
troops employed? A portion of them were employed in the
convict colonies of Bermuda and Van Die:melee Laud ; ano- '
thee portion kept garrison in the military stations, and the
remainder were stationed in the colonies, properly so called.
lie would say nothing then on the general question of con-
vict
colonies, except that troops must he kept in them to
preserve order among the convicts. In Bermuda in 1816-7
the military force had amounted to about 1,360 men, and I
had coot about 74,0001. In Van Dienien's Laud, in the
lame year, the military force hail amounted to about 1,5001
men, and had cost about 93,0001. (Hear, hear..)
With regard to Van Diemen's Land he had given
notice that on an early occasion he would move
that an humble address be presented to her Majesty,
praying that her Majeny would be graciously pleamd to
comply with the prayers of the inhabitants of Van Die-
men's land, by discontinuino transportation to that colony.
(Hear.) If the universal prayer of the inhabitants of Van
Diemen's Land were atteuded and transportation dieconti-
sued, that colony would cease to be a convict settlement ;
and then it appeared to him, fur reasons which he would
potently state, that no troops ought to bo maintained in it
at the expense of the United Kingdoms, and the whole of
the military expenditure on account, amounting to 93,0001.,
might b. weed. (Hear.) He would next proceed to the
I military stations, omitting there which were situated within
the Imundaries of the colonies properly so-called; the chief
' military stations were Gibraltar, Malta. the. louian Island.;
the stations on the west roast of Africa, including the
newly-acquired Danish ports. St. Helena. the Mauritius,
Moog Kong. halmiu, and the Falkland lelands—and with
them he would clam the island of Ceylon. lu the
year 1816-7 fin• military force in these stations amounted to
about 16.700 nun, and the effective military expenditure on
account of them had been about 710.0001. Ile would not I
then inquire- whether Great Britain ought to maintain a
garrison in every one of these place., nor would he weary'
the house by repeating is pre. ious arguments ou
them subjeds. Ile must. however, observe that the
motives which had led this country to acquire. military sta•
BOOs are very ditfereut from thee,• which had induced this
country to promote the plantation of colonies, and that the
policy of Great Britain with regard to military stations
was quite of a ditfereut character from its policy with regard
to colonies properly so called. The motive, under the in-
fluence of which this country had acquired military stations
might be stated in a few words. Great Britain had long
hen; and. in the opiuiun elite statesmen,of its parliaments,
and its people, ought to continue to be, essentially a naval
power: it aspired to he the first naval power on the earth,
to carry on commerce in every portion of the globe, and to
protect that commerce with its &CO. It desired that those
Beets should patrol the ocean and be the maritime police of
mankind. lu order to refit those fleets—to afford sh.lter
to them, and to give protection to its merchant
ships when war was raging. it had been the policy of the
statesmen of England, with the consent ;01,1 approbation of
the people and parliament. to take military possession of
harbours in yttrium, parts of the world. A.lllllolllkg this
policy to be a sound one, M. asked what were the rules
which should determine the. number of our military ela-
tion., and the selection of their site-, ? (Ilear, hear.) lie
thought the rule should be, that sukret to the condition of
accomplishing the objects of the naval policy of Great
I Britain. our military stations should he as few in number
, es poeiilile• and that each station should be selected so as to
soot as little as possible. la order that they might be as
1w in number as possible. consistently with the attainment
el the objects of the naval policy of Great Britain, it was
evident that they should be carefully chosen, so as Mast
feadily to afford shelter and protection to Mir ships. Then-
lbw, they ought to bi situated a. near as possible to the
pest emaniereial highways of We ocean ; fur it was evident
*Mews well chosen station on a much frequented route
wee worth scores of the beet harbour. in an out of the way
ass. (User.) 10011:1118 at expense, the hest place, cater

in'Sfoo. •
The i'II.ANCELLOIt of the EXCHEQUER. said, if he
should not he able. in consequenee of the hon. gentle-
man•• amen,lnemt, to go on with the resolution respecting
the house and window duties this evening, he would pm-
teed with it as the tint business on Monday, after which
he would move resolutions respecting the coffee and timber
duties.
BEERSHOP KEEPERS.
On the motion of SirJ. Psalm...ries a return was ordered
skewing the number of reroutts in earl, of the several col-
lections in the Uniteil Kingdom lieeined as blrt`..W, vic-
tualler., to sell beer to be drunk un the premises, and to sell
hoer. net do be anent oa the premises, in rrh year from
the year 153.1 to the year ISA.
MORTALITY IN TIIK E CASTLEBAIt UNION
WORHOUSE.
In reply to Mr. Iliatoina,
Mir N. SOMERVILLE said that the information
he hail received enabled him to say that the report of DI
priors haring died in the Caritli-bar workhouse in three
week* was not correct That number exceeded the actual
mortality. Every effort was made by the guardians forth.
windier and health of the inmates. lie believed that the
ism of 9,10101. was due altogether for rates, but what
proportion WAS due by the guardians he was nut able to
my.
THE GERMANIC CONFEDERATION.
Lord P ALM EICS lON, in reply to an inquiry by Mr.
A w , stated that her Majesty's government hail ad-
dressed remientniees, not only to the Courts of Vienna
and Berlin, but to each and all of the states eompasWg
the Dennanic coniederation. upon the subject of Mans
sums in contemplation by Austria and Prussia to secure
the admission into the confederation of their non-
(iceman territories. anti that he hail no doubt that the
treaty of Vienna would he observed. With regard to a trans- 1
action of this kind, and while the matter was still pending
—(hear, hear)—in a ease too. which might possibly,
and he hoped would probably, end to the satisfaction of all
the parties concernial, it would he highly inconvenient and
dangerous to the public service to comply with the hag,
inerulsees request to publish the conespondence.
At:rim:yrs Al' SEA.
Mr. 10.7 ME moved for a return, front Lloyd'. hooka, of
all collision.. strident.. and wrecks of nl-.410. distinguish-
ing in columns the sailing Mm steam vessels, and speci-
f)ing the nature of each collision. accident, or wreck, and
the number of lives lost by each. in each year, since
the list of J 1417. up to the 31st of the-, IS3O 1
Mr. LABOU(' ER E had communicated with the chain
man of Lloyds, and found that there was no objection
to the publication of the returns asked for. llear.)
THE BARREL-OEOAS NUISANCE.
Cot SIBTHORP wished to mak the right hon. barns.
the Secretary for the Home Itepartment if he had read the
latter sinews by an inhabitant of Bryaretton-square in tho
nines (of which he had forwarded the right tuna baronet a
copy), relining to the enormous horse organ at present is
the habit of parading the streets ?
Sir O. ORE.( had received the paper, and hail pre-
viously seen the letter referred tn. With reference to this
subject, an order had been given to stop street mune
when it was an annoyance.
Colonel SIB rIIOIIP said he should take an early op-
portunity of calling the attentionof the house to the subject.
TIIE HOUSE TAX. Ice.
The CHANCELLOR of the EXCHEQUER said It
would perhaps he convenient that he should state to the
house thit he proposed to submit his resolution upon the
window duties and hens...tat to-morrow and his motion for
the reduction of the timber anti coffee duties oti Monday
but if there was not time to take the hoax'. tax to-morrow,
after the motion of the hon, member for Bucks (Mr.
Disraeli), then he would do so the tint thing on Monday.
(Hearst
ADMISSION TO ST. PAL'L'S.
Mr. HUME asked whether arrangements had been made
for the tree admission of the public to St. Paul's CrthedraL
The house would r,-collect that the subject had frequently
been brought before them, and he wished to know what
progrem had been made in the matter.
Sir 0. GREY said that an arrangement had been made
by which the dean and chapter had consented to open the
area of St. Paul's free of charity. Ot course he referred
only to the lower part of the cathedral. and not to the
dome. the whispering gallery, and the like hut only to
that part for seeing which a fee of 2,1. hail heretofore
berm paid. In order to carry oat the nrrangement it would
°Main an ostler in council, which would he
r but the dean and chapter, in
had alrenly opened the (oath°.
(Chiserts)
-.BANS ELECTION PETITION.
Henry Edwards, a person committed at
st. Albion election committee, praying
the bank tar a ten...disable dm.

the siTi4ie tribes in its neighbourhood were conducted by
officers responsible to the colonial office, then the colonial
—therefore the hupenal guecnitnent—must be held
responsible for the result, and if that result were war,
as the war would be conducted by imperial officers, as the
exp. nditure on account of it would be under iinj••rial
control, as all experience showed that such wars were apt to
r.,-hly produced, unnecessarily prolonged, and conducted
n Oil la% r.h expenditure, it would not be just to saddle the
whole expense upon the colony, and a portion at least of the
• . - . •
imperial -

expense ought to be defrayed„ by the _ government.
(Hear, hear.) With regard to the preservation of order
and tranquillity in a calmly, a military force might be re-
and e.

corns, for a me _solid with' be motored in war with lawful powers, then the military
difficulty be attacked, ee , ~e defended by • ! free required to defend the colonies ought to be paid Ihr
smalifierrison. It wasrevideut ss_esneM conditions werebeet (mita the revenues of the empire. 3. That if it were
fullilledity smell niandene peninsular extremities of eonti- : deemed expedient to keep garrisons in certain imperial
lAmes. Om less connected with tee adjoining laud the better. I fortresses situated within the colonies, the tapentse of such
', He le seldel it Wale utterly absurd for nn emantially ! garrisons should also be bend by the imperial government.
naval Cre to act elitit the military defence of extensive I (Hear, hear.) With the permission of the house he would
epee lung lines if frontlet. .Wear.) That attempt ' now proceed to consider separately each group of colonies.
' lult*ese Made no tficeeth Afiricitorith disastrous and most and endeavour to ascertain what reductions could be made
costly- results. (Heir, bear.) If similar attempts were lin the military expenditure of the United Kingdoms on
made, and vast, numerous, and costly military stations were ' account of each group, by adopting and applying the
occupied by this country, he feared much that the result !, principles which he had laid down. Ile woeld beein
• would be that the extremities of the empire with the North American colonies. In 1831 and in 1835 a-
' would gradually drain it of its wealth and vital power; committee of the house had been appointed to inquire
t that the centre would thus become paralysed ; and that, into the colonial military expenditure of the United
Ifinally, the empire would fall abroad, and perish of minus- ! Kingdoms. The committee had recommended in their
tion. (Hear, hear.) He thought that amongst our Mill- 1 report that the strictest economy should be observed in
tary stations, those whichrebese fulfilled the conditions ofe every branch
the
thet military
presented
goettemtditarey..staf ;eito.nistawote....o"ttsibmtel.tattr,ea;titthee mouth of
mtl Acciotridryiagf.to heinee utrhnos
North American oc
of r n the
m coloniesi colonies
t t e
il de
' Atlantic; Halifax, commanding the coast of North Am e- amounted, in 1835, to 5,36) men (including artillery, en-
rice • Barbadoes, among the islands of the West Indies; gineers, and colonial corps), of whom 2,718 had been stn-
' the 'Peninsula extremity of South Africa, on the route to tensed in Canada, 2,306 in Nova Scotia, and 315 in Now-
! India; the Mauritius, on the same road, and commanding foundland. The effective military expenditure on account
the Persian Gulf; Singapore, at the entrance of the Chinese of that force had amounted, in 1835, to 337,0001. It was
seas; _ add perhaps Hong Kong, amidst those seas. Hs evident that the committee in question had consi-
named these eight stations, because he was inclined to dered that amount of military force and expen-
believe that it was not necessary for the attainment of the diture to have been sufficient for all the require-
object of the naval policy of Great Britain that we smuts of the North American colonies. Since that period
should keep military possession of more than these a very great increase had been made in the military force in
eight stations. To garrison them as they were gar- these colonies, with a corresponding increase in the effective
rimmed in 1846-7, a military force of 17,000 men military expenditure of the United Kingdoms on account
would be sufficient and they would cost about 50,0001. in of them. For in 1816-7, the military force in these colonies
effective military expenditure. This was about the sum had amounted to 9,743 men, and the effective expenditure
which the colony of the Cape of Good Hope with its Kaffir on account of them had been 615,2131. Therefore, in
wars annually costs us on the average of years. (Hear, 1846-7 the military force in these colonic, exceeded by 4,374
hear.) Ile would now proceed to the colonies, pro- men the force which had been considered sufficient in 1835,
perly so called, and to which his resolutions especially and that excess had cost this country about 300,0001. Last
applied. Ile meant the North American colonies, the West year the military force in these colonies had been
Indian plantations, the Cape of Good Hope and the Aus- about the same as it had been in 1816-7. He under-
Mohan colonies, with the exception of Van Dieman's Land, stood that it was somewhat less this year. Why
till transportation to that colony be abolished. The military had the military force in the colonies been augmented/
force in these colonies in 1816-7 amounted to 26,096 men, It had been first augmented in consequence of the rebellion
and they cent about 2,000,000/. in effective military in Canada. That rebellion had been occasioned by Colonial-
expenditure. If to this sum were added a proportionate office misgovernment, and the people of this country had
amount of the dead weight, the whole military cost of these been very justly tined 2,000,0001. for it. The result of that
colonies to the United Kingdom would amount to about rebellion had been that the North American colonies
2,600,0001. This sum was Bs. eiel. in the pound on our had obtained responsible government, and in fact at
exports to these colonies in 1849; it was equal to the whole the present moment
of they poesessed
a the almo
enjoyed
st
of the the local revenues in that year. He had heard many trolled management eir local ff
persons, who merely took an economical view of these quen- in some respects a greater amount of self-government
cons, ask, why do we retain dominion over these colonies. than the neighbouring states of the American union.
Would it not be better for us if they were independent; It was said that troops were necessary to prevent Canada
our independent colonies of the United States coot us being annexed to the United Stetes, lie thought there
10,0001. a year, and we sent them 12,000,0001. of' exports in was no danger whatever of Canada being annexed to the
1849, or twice the value of our exports in that year, to cults- United States, unless the great majority of the people of
nice which were costing us 2,600,0001., or 260 times as much Canada desired it. If they were to desire it, in his opi-
as the United States. Now, he answered that the greater nion it would be the greatest fully to resist annexation.
portion of the expenditure on account of these colonies was (Cheering.) 2nd. It was said that troops ought to be
unnecessary, or might ultimately be rendered unnecessary. kept in the North American c lonics in order to guard
lie maintained that if these colonies were governed as they against any sudden aggression from the United States. Before
ought to be governed, no troops ought to be maintained in any danger of that description were apprehended, the
them at the expense of the Laded Kingdoms, except for house should ask what was the amount of the regular milt-
strictly imperial purposes, and that the expense of all tary force of the United States. It amounteol, he believed,
troops required fur local purposes ought to be paid by Mat year to about 10,000 men. Now if that amount of mi-
the colonies. If his views were correct as to what litany force were sufficient for the whole of the vast terri-
ought to be the policy of this country with regard to its tories of the United States, extending from the St. Law-
colonies, and if that policy were perseveml in for a series of rence to the Gulf of Mexico, and from the Atlantic to the
years it appeared to him that the military force maintained Pacific, it was evident that, according to the standard of the
in the colones at the expense of this country might ulti- new world, very much less than half the present force of
mately be reduced from 45,700 men to the men required for 10,000 men would be sufficient for the North American co-
the military stations. With the permission of the house, he lonies. A sudden aggression from the United States was
would state as shortly as he could the reasons which have only to be dreaded in the event of the colonists becoming die-
led hint to these conclusions, and which induced hint to ask satisfied and antiousto separate from the British empire, and
the house to agree to the resolution that steps should be then, as he hail already said, it would be useless to attempt to
takeu to relieve this country as speedily as possible from its retainthem ugainst their will by force of arms. On the other
present civil and military expenditure on account of the hand, if sincerely attached to the British empire, they would
colonies, with the exception of its expenditure on aecouut of be fully capable to resist any sudden aggression on the part
military stations and convict settlements. Ever since the of the United States. 3rd. It was said that Quebec was an
New VS orld was discovered it has been the unceasing desire important imperial fortress, and he had admitted that Halifax
of England to plant that New World with New Enelands, was an important naval station, and therefore it wns
and that its children should occupy the uninhabited parr- asserted that imperial garrisons ought to be kept in them.
Mons of the earth's surface--should carry alung(with them to He asked what was the amount of military force which
their new homes the lams, the iustitutions, and feelings of would he sufficient to garrison thou. two places? Accord-
Englishmen ; that they should there become buldo nergetic, ing to the committee on colonial military expenditure, the
and self-relying men, capable and wiling to help their garrison of Quebec in 183.5 amounted to 1,107 men, and the
parents in times of need, and not weak, puling infants, garrison of Halifax, in the same year, amounted to 1,549
ever crying to their mother for assistance, and emptying her men. It was evident, therefore that three thousand five
purse.(Hear.) Now it was as true of bodies of men as it was hundred men would be ample military force for all impe-
of individual men that the best mode of developing in them rial purposes its the North American Colonies, and
energy, courage, and self-reli ince was not to cuddle and by reducing the military force in these colonies to 3,500
fondle them, and to tie them to a mother's apron, but to men, a saving might be made in the effective military ex-
throw them upon their own resource", and to let them penditure of this country, compared to that of 1846-7, to the
rough it and battle it with the world. (near, hear.) There- amount of nearly 400,0001. a year. With regard to the
fore it was the old policy of this country with regard to West Indian colonies, there are 16 of these colonies. The
plantations, and is still the recognised constitutional doe- military force in those colonies in 1816-7 amounted to 6,261
trine with regard to them, that their inhabitants should men, about the same number of troops as was stationed in
take care of themselves, and manage their local affairs, and those colonies last year. The military expenditure on ac.
govern themselves by representative institutions. (Hear, count of those colonies in 1846-7 was 496,000 e, and accord'
hear.) Now most of our colonies, properly so called, did ing to a return presented to the committee on Onlnance
possess representative institutions, and all of them were expenditure between 1829 and 1847, 600,0001. were spent in
about to posses those institutions. (Hear, hear.) those colonies on Ordnance works. When slavery existed
With such institutions their inhabitants could nut constitu- it might have been necessary to maintain a large meanie'r of
tionelly be compelled to contribute out of their taxes to troops in those colonies in .order to keep down the slaves
the revenue of the United Kingdoms ; in like meaner, the and to preserve tinier and peace among them. Yet, in 183'2
people of the United Kingdoms ought nut to called upon to when slavery existed, the military force in those colonies
defray out of their own taxes any portion of the local had only exceeded by 1,500 men the military force main-
expenses of such colonies. It followed, therefore, that all tained in them in 1816-7, and the military expenditure of
expenses in such colonies for local purposes ought to be 1832 had exceeded that of 1816-7 by only 32,0001.
paid out of the local treasury; and all expenses in such With the cessation of slavery, the necessity for a
colonies for imperial marmoset ought to be paid out of the military force to keep down the slaves had ceased.
the imperial treasury. (Hear, hear.) Therefore, if a At present the negro race were well contented
military force were required in such celonies fur local cur- and happy. But supposing that a military force were re-
pone, the local legislatures should determine the amount of quintet in those colonies to preserve internal order, it would
force to be maiiiteined, and should pey fur it; un the other follow from the principles which he had laid down that the
hand, if a military force were required in such colonies for expense) of such a force ought to be paid by the colonists,
imperial purpose's its expense should be paid by the United for most of them possessed representative institution% and
Kingdoms. (ilea, hear) Now the question was, I the management of their local affairs; therefore they ought
amongst the various purposes for which a military to defray ell expenses ineuered for local purples, and troops
force might be required in a colony, whet were required to preserve internal order in a colony were cvi-
those which ought to be considered as imperial destiny required for local purposes. Then, were any troops
purposes, and what were those which ought to be con- required in the West Indian colonies for imperial purpoos ?
entered as local purposes. Now, the only purposes for •It was sometimes said that these colonies were in danger
which a military force could be required in a colony were from the United States of America. Upon this subject he
either to war with external fin's, or to preserve order and I could only repeat what he hail tend with regard to the
pears within the colony. (Ilene, hear.) First, with regard , North American colonies, namely, that there was no danger
to war with external foes. A military force might be on of aggression from the United States, unless the colonists
quire(' in a colony in consequence of its being engaged or themselves desired separation from us; that if their inha.
being likely to be engaged in war with a lawful power (to bitants wished to separate from the British empire and join
use the language of the law of nations), or with savage the United States, it would net be worth while to retain
tribes. (liver, hear.) It was evident that a colony could them by force of arm,; and that the best and most effec-
not be lawfully engaged in war with a lawful power with- tual mode of reteining them was to attach them
out the whole empire, of which it was a part, being also en- to, the empire by good government. It was evident also
gaged in that war. Therefore 1.11 ouch wars were necesea. that as the West Indian colonies we're chiefly islands, a
rely imperial wars, the troops requited for them were re- naval force would be the best means of defending them. In
mitred fur imperial purposes, tied therefore the cost of them 1816 7 the number of troupe in Jamaica was 1,692 men, and
would have to be paid out of the imperial revenue. (Hear, in Barbadoes, 1,3-53 men. It was evident, therefore, that
hear.) In certain eases, however, it would not be unrea- 3,000 troops would be sufficient for all imperial purposes
soneble to expect that the colonies should assist the mother in the West Indian colonies, and consequently, as the mill-
country with both money said troops (hear, hear) tary force in thew colonies amounted to about 6,000 men,
—and he had nu doubt that with good government they that force might be reduced to half its present amount,
would willingly aid the mother country in any just and with a saving in military expenditure of shut 250,0001.
necessary war. if the relations o!the colony with savage tribes a year. Next, with regard to the Australian colonies.
in its neighbourhood were convected by officers responsible lie had made an exception of Van Diemen 's Land,
to the local government, then it was evident that the local because convicts were transported to that colony ; and as 1
government ought to be held responsible for the result, and they were sent there for the suppmed benefit of the people
If that result were war, and thf war were conducted by of the United Kingdoms, it was but fair that the Imperial
local officers, and the expenditure on account of it were government should pay for the troops which were required I
under local control, then it imp:aced to hint that the whole to keep order among the convicts. (Hear.) lie teemed 1
expense of the war ought to be defrayed out of the local the Under-Secretary for the Colonise; to give his serious
revenues, and no portion of it ought to be paid by the consideration to these facts, unless it was the intention of 1
people of England. (Hear, hear.) When the local Lord Grey to repeat in Van Diemen's Land the farce which
government had to pay fur such wars it would be their had been acteel at the Cape of Good Hope with re-
interest not rashly to engage in them, and when engaged in gard to transportation, and to yield to threats and
them to bring them to a termination as speedily as menaces what had been refused to prayers and entreaties.
powible, and at the smallest possible cost. (Ilea, hear.) (Hear, hear.) On the continent of Australia the
Unfortunately that was not the case when the imperial go- military force in 1816.7 had amounted to 2,236 men,
verninctit had to pay for those wars. For then it was the and had cost about 92,0001. The greater portion of that
interest of many persons in the colony that there should be force had been stationed in New South \Vales, and had
the greatest possible amount of imperial expenditure. since loco withdrawn. lie was glad to see from the papers
(Hear, hear.) It woe impossible fur the imperial govern- which had been laid upon the table of the house, that
ment at home to check that sxpenditure. No one in this Lord Grey intended to apply to a great extent to New
country had a distinct idea how 2,000,0001. were spent in South Wales and Victoria the principles which, in his
the last Kettle war. (Hear.) Sir 11. l'ottiager had said (Sir Winiem Molesworth's) ri,pinioon, ought to regulate the
that it was irnposeihle to give an adequate idea of the con. military expenditure of the Lnited Kingdoms on account
fission, unauthorised expense, and attendant peculation of similar colonies. Lord Grey hail announced that, with
which had existed during that war. (Hear.) The cos- the exception of a small guard in the capitals of New
missioners of audit had been unable to audit the accounts, South Wales and Victoria, no troops were to be mein-
for no) accounts had been forthcoming.
.(Laughter.) It Mined in those colonies at the expense of the United King-
was also difficult ter the imperial officers en the colony to dome, and in a despatch addressed to the indenter of New
resist the claims poured in upon them from every quarter. South Wales, the noble earl wrote that "if a larger
I
lie must observe, however, on the other hand, that amount of force be required, the local legislature must
if the inhabitants of the eobny did not possess representa- either make provision for raising a more considerable body
tire institutions if they had no voice in the menagement of police, or provide for the pay and allowances
of their local atfairs, if they were governed directly from; of an additional number of her Majesty's regular army "
Downing-street, if the relations between the colony and I A considerable portion of the
,troops which*
... . .
~... . - . --
Soul`Lord Gr di-

statioued in New ...nth Wales had, by __.— .trey's
ceetions, been transferred to New Zealand. In 11116-7, the
military force in New Zealand had amounted to 1,629 men,
and had cast about 015,000/. Since then it had Iran con-
siderably increased. In UM it had amounted to 2,0111 men,
costing, he presumed, about 150,0001. a year, exclusive of
the 20,0001. or 30,0001. a year which the house had annu-
ally to vote in the miscellaneous estimates for the civil ex-
penditure of that colony. The house must acknowledge
that that was a preposterous amount of expenditure, when
they heard that in the northern it. where all the troops

avy bean., a island,
were stationed, the number of adult European males, not
soldiers, amounted °ago 3,1.57 men, exceeding the num-
ber of ' 'Hear, hear.) And, in

~ . ..
quired in a colony to suppress riots, ...al put down immerse- , os- -. troops by only mcu. (Hear, ...-. , .__ , prophecies produced much excitemeos ... ___
teens. The question was, whether the whole expense of ' fact, in the northern province, New Ulster, the number of Sir Harry Smith and Colonel Mackinnon, on the contrary,
such a force ought to be borne by trie colony, GT a portion' military in 1318 had amounted to 1,798 men, and exceeded attributed the excitement in Kaffirlarid to the efforts of Sir
of it ought to be defroza by the imperial government? It by 293 men the number of adult European males nut mili- Harry Smith to overthrow the authority of the native
appeared to him that tli an-over to this question depended nary. Lastly, he would consider the military costof our South chiefs. Without attenipting to decide which opinion
upon the nature of the government of a colony; fur riots African possessions. The committee of 1834 on colonial I was right, certain it was that great excitement
and imurrections were a-nmst invariably the consequence of military expenditure had approved of a reduction of six did exist last autumn amongstthe Kattirs in British
bad government. Therefore* if the inhabitants of a colony men per company in the military force which was then stn- Kaffroria. That excitement produced much alarm among
hail representative institution', and the management of tioned at the Cape of Good Hope, and it then amounted to the frontier farmers ; that adman was increased by finding
their local affairs, they night to be held responsible for the about 2,000 men, and cost in 1632 about 100,0001. Since' their Kaffir servants suddenly leave them. They began,
result; and if that result were bad government wish riots then there had been a large increase, both in the military' therefore, to take precautions against an attack from the
1 and insurrections, they ought to pay the ecat of the troops force and expenditure for that colony, chiefly in consequence Kaffirs; and those precautions, according to Sir Harry
required to preserve order and tranquillity. (hear, hear.) of Kaffir wars. In 1831 there had been a Kaffir war, with Smith, alarmed the Kafii-s, who thought that the Boers
lOn the other hand, if the inhabitants of a colony did not a military expenditure of about 210,0001. In 1816-7 there were going to attack them. In the midst of this alarm and
possess representative institutions, if they tad not the ma- had been another Kaffir war. We had had 6,196 regular excitement, Sir If. Smith wrote to Lord Grey on the 14th
nagement of their local affairs, if they were governed troops in the colony. and expended on them 68.5,0001.—a October last, that though "he attached no importance to
1 directly by the Colonial-office, the Column-office—there- . sum amounting to 265. in the pound on our exports to that this excitement," he would proceed at once to the frontier,
1 fore the imperial government—ought to be held responsible colony in 184 J, and equal to three times its local revenue. ' and, on his arrival, he would report without delay. Ac-
I for the result, and if the result were misgmernmeut, with (Hear.) The last Katlir war cost us 2,000,0001. at least. 1 cordingly, he wrote to Lord Grey on the 21st October, and
: riots and insurrections, then it na, but fair taut the extreme The present Kaffir war seemed to be even mom stated that "his lordship need he under no apprehension of
!of the troops required to pr, serve order aid tranquillity , formidable than the last ; and, therefore, was likely an outbreak," and that a meeting of Kaffir chiefs
" should be paid by the 1. tided Kingdoms. (Hear, hear.) to cost a still larger sum of money. (Hear, hear.) had been summoned for the 26th of October, when
`The last Kaffir war, with a bill for two millions,, He wished to call the most serious attention of the house to he, Sir Harry, would explain to them their true
sa us thinking about giving the Cape representative the subject of the present Kaffir war, for it illustrated and position. That meeting had very important consequences.
iu-titutions. The present Kaffir war, with mother bill fur , confirmed all the positions which he had endeavoured to The great Gaika Kaffir chief Sandilli did not attend it. He
two millions, would turn us all into Lyeurguset and Solon,. I maintain ; and its outbreak had been one of the chief reasons had been informed that Ito was accused of being on friendly
(Hear, hear.)
I which had induced him to give notice of the resolution terms with the witch doctor, and he knew that an attempt
were valid, they warranted him in coming to the conclulf the arguments which he had just used
..1 which he should have the honour to propose to the house. had liven made by the order of Sir Harry Smith to seize the
s'on-1. That a military Circa ought not to he maintained IHe must, therefore, ask the indulgence of the house whilst witch doctor. Sandilli declared that he was afraid of at-
at the expense of the ended Ki, adonis in any of the cola- he made some observations on the subject of that war. tending the meeting lest he should be put into pri-
: nie., properly s., called, after it had received renresentutive There were three important questions with regard to it— son, for that onto before, when he had attended
1 institutions, either for the purpose of earrYiag on war with lit, who would have to pay for It; what had led to it, and , a meeting, he had been put into prison. He, there-
savage tribes or of reserving internalordernaderaaquillity. who was to blame for it; and, thirdly, what steps i fore, disobeyed Sir Harry Smith's order. Sir Harry
I
immedia
2. That when the British empire was engaged or likely to should be taken to relieve this country from any future tely issued a proclamation deposing Sandilli from

he es:croon to obtain an or
don, early aa puiseible ;
antwipitain of that order.
dral without chance. (Cho
THE. ST. ALBANS
A petition from Henry E
the instance of the St. Alb+
fro he tisane, occupied