The Express.
London, England, 1847-11-11 00:00:00

THE EXPRESS, THURSDAY EVENING, NOVEMBER 11, 1847.

are in on of the most inestimable privilege the '
Eng man enjoys, the very essence and quintessence
of the British constitution—not the constitution that
rounds perorations at county meetings, but the con-
stitution that comes home to the poor man's cottage
door.
When the Irish peasantry become familiar with the
working of this prodigious change in their condition,
agrarian outrage will receive a cheek that no arms
bill or insurrection act ever gave it. We have
no faith in the hackneyed nostrums for such dis-
orders. They are shallow, superficial, weak, in-
capable of producing any permanent reform. We
do not, of course, mean to say that the poor-law
is all that can be done by legislation. The law may
deal beneficially with the subsisting relations between
landlord and tenant. The approachiag session, in-
deed, will, we trust, be signalised by some 7zr,oon-
sidered measure to remedy, or at least palliate, the evil
of a state of the law so scandalous, so immoral, so
barbarous, so intolerable, as never disfigured any com-
munity arrived at the same stage of general civilisa-
tion. This eternal conflict between the husbandman
and the lord of the soil must be put an end to for the
sake of both—for the sake of society at large—for the
sake of public decorum and Christian charity.

ever, still held the rucir in his hand, and it was only
after much persuasion that he was induced to give it
up, and be was safely conveyed to • lunatic asylum,
where he now remains."
A reform banquet was held at Lille on Sunday. It
was very numeroasly attended, but the harmony of
the meeting was very much disturbed by the follow-
ing incident. The first toast on the order of the day
was " Electoral and Parliamentary Reform." But
the deputies invited, viz., MM. Odillon Barrot, Cre-
mieax, Pieron, Beaumont (de la Somme), Lherbette,
Leetibaudois, Ledru-Rollin, Delespaul, and Creton,
expressed a desire to add to it the words,"A la Verit
et ci /a Sinegrite des Institutions de Juillet 1830." The
majority objected to make any change is the pro-
gramme, and the chairman, M. Saint-Leger, imme-
diat4 resigned hit functions, as he said the deputies
had consented to be present only upon the condition
of this addition being made. The deputies, with the
exception of M. Ledru-Rollin persisted in their re-
fusal, and about fifty of the subscribers to the banquet
also left the room. M. Boute-Pollet was then chosen
chairman, and the business proceeded according to the
programme.
It is said that no sufficient ground of inculpation
being discovered against Madlle. De Luzzi, compro-
mised by the Prain murder, that lady is to be imme-
diately liberated. She is still in the Conciergerie.

TUE war in Kaffirland has been renewed, but in a
manner more consistent with the dignity of the
British crown, and more likely to lead to the perma-
nent establishment of peace and security in the Cape
colony, than that in which it was formerly waged.
Sir HENRY POTTINGER marches against SANDILLI as a
rebel; he undertakes to reduce a refractory subject of
Britain to the domination of law. He will not,
as too many have done, endanger the tranquillity and
prosperity of the colony, by flattering savages with
the idea that they are the equals of the British Sove-
reign, and thus perpetuating independent communi-
ties of marauders on the frontiers of the settlement
entrusted to his charge.
This resolve of Sir HENRY POTTINGER, if the
home government possess sufficient moral courage to
sanction it, will, in combination with Governor Gnev's
operations in New Zealand, constitute an era in the his-
tory of our dealings with barbarous tribes. We are free
to confess that, from the time of COLUMBUS down to a
very recent period, the conduct of Europeans (and of
this country as well as others) towards less civilised
races was often inconsistent alike with the dictates
of justice and humanity. To that period has suc-
ceeded, since the beginning of the present century, one
during which the prevalence of a sentiment amiable
in itself, but perverted in its application by igno-
rance of men and their practical management, in-
troduced a mode of dealing with savages alike in-
jurious to civilised settlers among or near them, and
incompatible with their own gradual emancipation
from barbarism. The experience of South Africa and
New Zealand has demonstrated the mischievousness
of this Quixotic policy ; and a new system is now
being adopted, in which we must strive to com-
bine the benevolence and love of abstract equity
which has inspired the best of our aborigines' pro-
tectors, with the bold self assertion of the first
Europeans who had intercourse with savages.
Barbarous tribes, among whom civil institutions
have not yet fully developed themselves, are entitled
to just and humane treatment, but they cannot be
dealt with as equals. In a civilised state, every citi-
zen is, or ought to be, considered equal in the eye of
the law. Civilised nations like France and England
are in every respect equal and independent. But
when a state like England or France comes in contact
with tribes like the Kaffir', the only possible r elation is
that of protection and guidance on the one hand, of
dependence on the other. The government which
attempts to deal with savages in any other way, re-
peats the error of the humane gentleman who eman-
cipated the madman from his bonds, and like him
will only get buffeted for its pains.
The erroneous principle upon which our intercourse
with races less advanced in civilisation has of late
years been attempted to be regulated, has exercised a
range of influence for evil far beyond the limits of
the colonies of the Cape of Good Hope and New
Zealand. To it are attributable the false position
into which we have brought our tropical settlements,
and the embarrassments we have entailed upon
ourselves by our ill-considered system of slave-
trade suppression. From the recognition of the
great truths that man ought never to be
treated as property, and that the merest savages
are equally entitled with the most civilised and ac-
complished men to equitable and humane treatment,
we ought not to recede and we cannot recede. But
in our method of seeking to reader these truths uni-
versal rules of action, we have much to amend. A
few months ago we almost despaired of such amend-
ment, but a recent change in one of the principal
offices of government affords room to hope that, in-
stead of seeing Sir HENRY PorrlNGen snubbed and
browbeat for what he ham done, we shall find his
successor charged to tread in his footsteps.
This is said of the general outline of Sir HENRY'S
policy, for of one part we find it impossible to
approve. He has re-established the old " commando"
system, and proclaimed that all cattle and other
booty captured by commandos in the country of
Sandilli, or his abettors, shall be retained by the cap-
tors. This dry land privateering has been found by
experience at the Cape to be even more demoralising
and mischievous than sea privateering. It converts
honest graziers into predatory moss-troopers. Let the
property of the insurgent and marauding Kaffirs
be confiscated for the public use of the colony—let
the levies be encouraged, by pay and other rewards, to
persevere in the dangers of bush warfare—but beware
of encouraging, in a bold and thin-sown population,
habits of exacting redress by their own hands in-
stead of looking for it to the law and the constituted
authorities.

The Madrid mails of the 4th have brought intelli-
gence which will create little surprise with those who
are familiar with the habits of intrigue that prevail
there. Roe de Olano and General Cordova are
dismissed from the cabinet. That Ros de Olano
had resigned was rumoured on the Ist, and the fact
stated as having occurred, in our paper of the 9th.
The Portfolio of War, held by the latter, has been
assumed by General Narvaez. The Ministry of Public
Instruction, held by Roe de Olano, is to be held ad
interim by M. Sartorius. It was thought that Pidal
would succeed to it, and that the road was being pre-
pared for the entrance of M. Mon into the cabinet.
In reference to the savings alleged to be accumu-
lated by Queen Isabella out of the treasury of the
household, the Espanol says that the Queen herself
proposed to economise 700,000 male a month, and
that she did so for some months before as well as alter
her marriage. The Duke dc Rianzares, it appears,
had in his possession 6,000,000 reale of the money
thus economised, when he last left Spain. But some
time after, whilst at I'aris, he received, without any
previous notice, an order from the Intendent of the
Civil List to pay the money, which, sa3s the Espanol,
he immediately did through the house of Rothschild,
where the money was deposited, and this, it adds,
terminated the affair.

The Spanish actor, Mirall, whose expulsion from
Madrid and subsequently from Spain, we have already
noticed, arrived on the 3rd at Marseilles. He was
under the care of an officer and of a gendarme, who
had orders to place him in the custody of the Spanish
consul, with; a despatch containing instructions as to
what was to be done with him.

The letter of our own Madrid correspondent is
given below. From another private letter we learn
that the following explanation of the sudden dis-
missals of Generals Roe de Olano and Concha was
circulated and credited. It is said that a royal
ordonnance had actually received the sign-manual,
and been countersigned by Generals Roe de Olano
and Concha, appointing General Alai: to the presi-
dency of the council, and of course dismissing Nar-
vaez. The latter personage discovered the affair,
through one of his numerous agents, at the moment it
was about to be crowned with success. Ile instantly
dismissed the two ministers who countersigned the
ordonnance, and issued an order to General Alai: to
retire to Cuartel and to confine himself in that place.
The same letters say that M. Pidal has declined the
Ministry of Public Instruction.
The prevailing impression at Madrid was that the
Queen was under personal constraint.
The Ileraldo, the semi-official organ, states that the
reason alleged by General Espartero for refusing the
London embassy, which it admits was actually con-
ferred on him, was that his means did not permit him
to sustain it in a becoming manner, and that, besides,
he felt it right to remain separated from public affairs
for the present. He added, that he did not refuse the
embassy because it was offered by the present mi-
nistry, for he should also have refused it had it been
offered by a cabinet composed of his old political
friends. As to an order having been given to him to
remain abroad, the Heraldo says it has not heard
that instructions for such an order had been forwarded
to M. Isturitz. The Esj,anol says, that a service of
plate is being manufactured, with the intention of
being presented to the Duke do Montpensier. It is
to bear the inscription—" The Cataloman people to
the Duke de Montpensier."

The Gazelle de Spener says, on the subject of the
evacuation of the town of Ferrara, that although a cor-
respondent of the Breslau Gazelle stated that Austria
had proposed to evacuate Ferrara and Comachio, in ex-
change for permission to occupy Parma and Piacenza,
there is no foundation for the news. After the notes
in which the court of Rome insisted on the evacuation
of Ferrara, Prince Metternich had written to all the
European powers an account of the state of things,
and said that if the Pope attached such importance to
the occupation of Ferrara, Austria, for the safety of
its military position in Italy, could find no other
compensation than to take possession of Parma and
Piacenza. This is what we learn from the best
sources. The best refutation, however, of the fact
stated by the correspondent of the Breslau Gazette is
the departure of Marie Louise for Parma, which is to
take place positively on the 6th. It appears that the
events of Lucca have produced a profound sensation
amongst the inhabitants of Parma.

The following interesting report of the grand
popular demonstration which took place on the 3rd,
at Turin, is given by a correspondent of La Presse :
I announced yestefflay that the Carignan Theatre was to
be illuminated in the evening, and that a hymn was to be
chaunted to Charles Albert. This fete has surpassed in
magnificence and in enthusiasm all that can be imagined.
Long before the time announced for the rising of the cur-
tain, the theatre was metantorphosd into a vast and magni-
ficent assemblage of ladies, of flowers, and of diamonds;
the elite of society of Turin was grouped in boxes splendidly
lighted; whilst the young men, occupying the pit, preluded
by cries of " Long live Charles Albert!" the fine singing that
we were about to bear. The Piedmontese, Genoese, and
Savoyard flags floated above a great number of boxes, and
the blue rosette was displayed on every breast. The curtain
rose at seven o'clock to an immense cry of " Long life to the
King," and the orchestra commenced the beautiful overture
of La Semiramide, the opera which was to open the per-
formances; but scarcely was it terminated when the pit rose
en masse, and exacted the immediate execution of the
hymn which was only to have been sung at the end of the
second act. The manager appeared and announced that
the singers, complying with the just impatience of the spec- '
tators, would proceed to satisfy them. During the prepara-
tions, the spectators themselves chanted the cantata of
tho morning, and repeated it until the curtain rose, and
displayed a hundred singers ranged in order, behind a
double row of women, forming part of the chorus. This
moment was magnificent. A triple salvo of cheers and
three acclamations of " Long live the King! " saluted this
singing army, which was interrupted at each strophe b 7
cries of frantic joy. This beautiful hymn of the poet 'I.
Guidi, mite music by the maestro Gaetano Magszzari, was
repeated eight times, and was only interrupted by the ballet,
the only part of the programme which could be performed.
An idea cannot be formed of the enthusiasm of the specta-
tors; it was in fact more than enthusiasm—it was delirium
—the shouts of applause were sufficient to wake the dead.
At one moment, all the ladies having risen in their boxes,
formed with their white scarfs a quadruple chain of union,
which, starting from the two extremities, met at the centre,
and formed a ravishing eoupd'onl. During this time,
and as if to consecrate this sign of union, this rainbow of
peace, a thousand voices cried, " Long live our brethren of
Genoa !" " Long live our brethren of Savoy and of Nice !"
" Long live the children of Charles Albert !" It was really
a single family of brethren who lked on that evening the chief
of the state, Charles Albert, who had just, said they, joined
the sceptre of love to that of authority.

WE publish in another column a letter from Mr
GEDTE, explaining the circumstances and law
charges attending the removal of certain nuisances in
Lambeth, on which we commented at the time the
cues were before the magistrates.

The Journal des Debate of Tuesday has the follow
ing :
" We have just learnt at the same moment two
very sad events; we fulfil a sad duty in bringing
them to the knowledge of the public. Count Bresson,
ambassador from France to the kingdom of the Two
Sicilies, died at Naples on the 2nd inst. He was
found at six o'clock in the morning in his bed, bathed
in blood, and having a large wound in his throat,
supposed to have been made with a razor. 'this
frightful intelligence was brought to France by the
steamer L'Ocean, which has just arrived at Mar-
seilles. We have no other details. The other event
took place nearer to us, in Paris : Count Mortier
was seized suddenly with temporary insanity ; and,
in the course of Sunday last, it was found necessary
to send him to a lunatic asylum. For some time past
M. Mortier showed alarming symptoms of this terrible
malady, and gave himself up to acts of the greatest
violence, apparently without cause. In the morn-
ing of Sunday, having locked himself up with
his two children in one of the rooms of a
suite he occupied in the Hotel Chatham, he
wrote two letters in almost the same terms to his wife
and to a friend, informing them that in a few moments
he and his two children would have ceased to lice.
The prefect of police was immediately informed of
the fact, and he came to the Hotel Chatham, where
he was soon joined by the chancellor of the Chamber
of Peers, of which M. Mortier is a member. M.
Mortier was still in his room, into which he had
firmly barricaded himself. He was armed with a
razor, and brandishing it about, now as if about to
kill his children, then as if to make an end of him-
self: he uttered in his delirium the most awful ex-
pressions. Endeavours were made to speak to him
in a friendly tone, but these were only met by
stronger threats of murder and bloodshed ; then,
speaking to his son, whom he held bowed down
on his knees, he told him that he must die.
The unfortunate child, who is only eleven
years of age, strove to escape from his father's
grasp, saying that he would not die. The unfortu-
nate madman then addressing his daughter, a little
girl eight years of age, asked her whether she would
consent to die with him. The poor little thing
answered in her tiny voice that she would die with
her father, and as she said this it appeared to the
persons listening outside that her father was accom-
plishing his horrible design. This scene lasted for
three hours. The Countess Mortier, Chancellor
Pasquier, and M. Delessert, hearing everything that
passed from the outside. A condemned doorway was
at last used as a means of entrance ; the Chancellor
and M. Pasquier rushed in, and succeeded in rescuing
tke children from the infuriated father. He, how-

Letters from Berne, of the sth, have been received.
The movement of troops in the direction of the Friburg
frontier was continued. Among those which marched
through Berne were a division of infantry and artil-
lery of Zurich, a squadron of cavalry of Vend, and
the 10th battalion of the picked infantry of Berne.
It was expected that a simultaneous attack would be
made on Friburg on the west by Col. Itilliet and on
the east by Col. Burckliart. A correspondent of the
thnstitutionnel gives the following version of the
interview which took place on the 4th, between Mr.
Peel and M. Ochsenbeui, and which we have already
reported :
It is said, but I will not guarantee the truth of the report,
that this interview was held with the intention of the
English envoy to ascertain whether any means could be
found to settle the difference without shedding blood,
and it is even pretended that this initiative was pro_
dead by a journey which Mr. Peel took to Friburg.
The English minister, it would appear, went as far as to an-
nounce that it was probable that delegates would be sent by
the League to renew negotiations. M. Ochsenbein is said
to have replied it was too late; that, beside., he had already

convoked the diet for four o'clock that evening, in order to
vote the measures of execution by strength of arms. Its
further added that Mr. Peel had been induced to take this
step by another consideration. He had been prayed to in-
terest himself in the case of a few Irish youths, now at the
college of the Jesuits, at Friburg, and he thought it his
duty, in order to withdraw them from thence in nine to in.
quire of the president at what time hostilities were likely to

All communications between Berne and the ad-
jacent cantons of Lucerne and Friburg have ceased.
The Zurich Gazette of the 6th says that news had
been received there the night before from Bellinzooa,
that on the 4th the troops of Uri had penetrated into
the territory of Tessin; and that an engagement be-
tween the advanced posts had taken place, in which
two officers of Uri were killed.

On the Preposition of the Councillor of of
Zurich, the State Councillor decided that the ex-
port of all kinds of grain from Zurich to the cantons
of Zug and Schwyz should be prohibited from that
hour until further notice. (Lucerne some time since
prohibited the export of provisions of any kind to the
canton of Argau.)
A lengthy manifesto has been addressed to the
Swiss nation by the Diet, which we do not think ne-
cessary to insert here.

MADRID, Nov. 4.
After a stubborn resistance, Roe do Olano and
Cordova have at last been expelled from the cabinet. The
decree► relieving them of their portfolios, ►igned by the
Queen last night, appear in the Gazette of to-day. Names
is appointed Minister of War in the place of Cordova, and
the department of Public Instruction is committed ad interim
to the charge of Sartorius.
Next comes the disminial of D. Jost de la Concha from the
post of Director-General of the Cavalry, and the appoint-
ment of D. Ricardo Shelley, Captain-General of Andalusia,
in his stead. Then follows the dismissal of D. Anselmo
Bluer from the charge of Director-General of Infantry, and
the appointment of D. Francisco de Paula Figueroa in his
stead. Lastly, D. Laureano Sans succeeds Figueroa as
director of the corps d'etat.majeur.
The Eco reports the dismissal of Dos Manuel de la Concha
from his command in Catalonia, I know not on what autho-
rity. The same paper mentions Fidel as the probable suc-
cessor to Roe de Olaue, in order to smooth the way to Mon's
return to the head of the finance department ; and the deci-
sion, in a ministerial council on Monday night, that the
Montpensiers should be allowed to come to Madrid.
Narvaes, then, has succeeded in his aim of obtaining the
management of the war department, and all the suppositions
built by the progresistu upon his remaining without a port-
folio fall to the ground. We must therefore conclude,
either that the asserted disinclination of the Queen to despatch
business with him is an error, or that her Majesty's will is
under constraint.

The Queen frequents the Circo and Principe Theatre, as
usual, but attended only by the Marquis de Miraflores, the
new governor of the palace.
The Espanol of to-day says that Penal Aguayo has sent
to their office an account of his administration of the royal
patrimony, which, however, they defer publishing till to-
morrow.
. . . .

The municipal elections, in eight districts out of the ten
into which Madrid is divided, have terminated in favour of
the moderadoe. In the two remaining districts the pro-
gresistas have gained the day. The Ecu complains of unfair
dealing ; but the majorities of the moderados are so enor-
mous as to make it doubtful whether any amount of fairness
would have given their adversaries the victory. One advan-
tage of the government in this struggle, very considerable,
where so many employs exist, is that all persona receiving
pay to the amount of 9,000 reels in the employ of govern-
ment are qualified electors.
All the papers are occupied with the appointment offered
to Espartero of English ambassador, his refusal, and con-
sequent orders communicated to him from the government,
through Isturitz, to stay in London till further notice. If
such an order has been communicated, it will in all proba-
bility be withdrawn. The Espanol, which supports the
government while it asserts the independence of its opinions
recommends that Espartero should not be prevented from
taking his seat in the senate, or be excepted in any way
(rem the benefit of the late amnesty.
The Eco says that the decree appointing Espartero am‘tas-
sador was found in the ministerial office of state, signed by
the Queen, but not countersigned by any of the ministers.
The Espanol affirms that the late ministry looked upon
this appointment as the best way of getting over the difficulty
which the expectation of disorders at the return of the ex-
regent to his country presented; and that the friends of
Espartero were satisfied with this arrangement. General
Narvaex's cabinet, finding things in this state, had no objec-
tion to complete the projected appointment.
The Barcelona papers announce the arrival of Miran in
that port. The Popular of last night hears that a piece of
plate is preparing in the works of Martinez, the silversmiths,
for presentation to the Duke of Montpcnaier, with this in-
scription, " The Catalan people to the Duke of Montpensier."
Martin Belda, an employ, in the Home-office, has been
elected Cortes deputy for the district of Cabs, province of
Cordova.

Among the bills which the government are preparing for
presentation to the Cortes the Faro mentions one on the
liberty of the press, and another concerning public order.
The bulls have arrived confirming the appointments of the
four Spanish bishops declared in the papal consistory of the
4tb. With them have arrived the patios (archiepiscopal in-
signs, consisting of a white band, with six black crosses,worn
on the breast) for the Archbishops of Toledo and Burgos,
which were sent to those prel►tes on the '2nd by the Minister
of State. As soon u the bulls receive the royal et-equator
the new bishops will be consecrated, and the metropolitans
invested with the polio.
The first task of the Cortes after fulfilling the usual for-
malities will be to form a list of the vacant seats and issue
writs for the re-elections. Don Manuel Lasberas (moderado)
has been elected deputy for Almaden.

SAXON Y.—PanovE, Nov. 3.—Count Stadion, go-
vernor of Moravia and Silesia, has, we understand, been
nominated head burgrave of Bohemia, and will commence
his official duties as soon as the Archduke Stephen shall
have been elected palatine of Hungary.—Allgemeine Zeittog.

' APPEALS AGAINST THE DECISIONS OF THE
lowiog order, by
t r IL.
fa
CST. E RB.
mon Ph el
eF beard,
hnTidhe.hrsrenTatypouml
the Court the 11th; ]tea_
day the 15th, and Thursday, the 18th of November:—
Northamptonshire (southern division), Buxton, appellant.
Gary, respondent: Burton, ap. ; Langham, reap. (lota,:
hamjulbo,
oropug.; h}l.o,Sthheergldilion:reaspp.;.ldonmouthshite
s,sp•; Lockett,
reap. (notice countermanded). Monmouthshire, Birch, as,;
Edwards, reap. Worcestershire, Palmer, ap.; Allen, ray,
Watson, ap. ; Cotton, rap : Watson, ap.; Pitt, reap. Lyej,
Regis, Prior, ap. ; Waring, reap. Skirewsbur, Claim;
ap. ; Bawdier, reap. London, Downing, ap. ; Lockett,
reap,. Liverpool, Hartley, ap. ; Marrow, reap. Ayinga,,,,,
Aldworth, ap.; Dore, reap. Southampton, Clarke, al).;
Beaton, reap.
FlREB.—Last night, shortly before 10 o'clock, two
fires broke out almost aimoltsweindiy, at High-met, Cue_
berweli, and High-street, Newington Butts. The first was
upon the premises in the tenure of Mr. Tidy, furnishi.,,
ironmonger. A constable raised an instant alarm, and tee
several inmates suoceded iu effecting a retreat from the back
of the house. The fire was soon extinguished The damage
done to the stock is very serious, but fortunately Mr. Tidy
way insured in the Sun Fire•office. The second rare, which
took place immediately after, was at the house of NIT. Pick.
ett, cheesemengcr, when considerable damage sun effected
g utish he edpro.
progress
NeitherofthNe%..i.ossi%
t they were not in ti.e house g
the before
Pickettwrim t hec
generallyufi l ad
cal> Oesawieei seen
eetduringthat

LITERATURE OF THE LOWER ORDF,Ra

EXPECTED SPECIE.—H.I.S. Cormorant WU to
sail from Valparaiso for Rio Janeiro and England on the
29th August with about 1,500,000 dole. in specie, on freight.

Cbe Court.

- -
WINDSOR, WEDNESDAY.—The Queen and Prince
Albert took their accustomed early walk. The Prince
'of Wales, Prince Alfred, and the Princess Alide,
took walking and pony exercise this morning in the
Slopes. The Princess Helena wu also taken an airing.
Count and Countess Dietrichatein and Viscount Palmerston
took their departure from the Cattle to-day. The royal
dinner party at the Castle this evening will include Baron
de Brunow, the Earl and Countess of Jersey and Lady
Clementine Villiers the Earl and Countess Spencer. Sir
Robert and Lady Gakiner, andthe Rev. Dr. Philpott (Via-'
Chancellor of Cambridge).

A Cabinet Council was held at half-past two o'clock
yesterday afternoon, at the Foreign-office. The ministers
present were Lord J. Russell, the Lord Chancellor, Sir G.
Grey, Viscount Palmerston, Earl Grey, the Earl of Auck-
land, Lord Campbell, Viscount Morpeth, the Right Hon.
H. Labouchere, and the Right Boss. T. B. Macaulay. The
council sat two hours.

The Metropolitan Sanitary Commission held a
meeting at Gwydyr-house yesterday.
Sir J. Carnegie bad an interview with Sir G. Grey
yesterday, at the Home-office.
Viscount Palmerston arrived in town yesterday
from Windsor Cutle. Viscount Morpeth has returned to
town.

BATCH THE THIRD.

The specimens of the literature of the lower order
which have already come under our observation, are of a
character to startle those who knew them not betara—aad
their name is legion. Yet, worse remains bebini . a mai,
of impurity and corruption which we dare not such.
know of its existence, but we fear contact with it—, yen for
the purpose of moral vivisection. It might seem 3n, ossible
to descend deeper in the moral gulf than to 'he region
of the murderous, the sensual, and the blaa hemous—
the chosen precincts of horror, superstition, and guilty
indulgence. But it is not. Within that Ivu hell,
there is a lower still--a deeper, fouler, well-spring of poi.
sonout "water' of life"—life, which is a livirg death_
than those sources of pollution which we have already brieey
indicated by their names and attributes. We are not, hem.
ever, about to lay them bare before the eye of the glum'
reader. We shall not even allude to or specitt them is
more general terms. We have no desire to exttu, much
less to gratify, a prurient curiosity. Our object ut. address
attention to the subject of the noxious influecce which dds
pestilential literary aliment has upon the moral and social
health and well-being of the community. We sish to say
no more than is absolutely necessary to set those—the
preacher and the teacher especially—upon the right track
for the discovery and counteraction of the mi-chievess
influenee.

--
tspatches were received yesterday .
at the Colonial-
office from the Governors of New South Wales, the Mauri-
tius, the Cape of Good Hope, and the Gold Coast.

A BODY OP POLICE, upwards of a thousand strong,
has been despatched cid the North-Western line, to the
scene of the stoppage of the great railway works.
THE SOCIETY OP ARTS commenced its 94th ses-
sion last evening, in the great room, John-street, Ad/Iphi
The chair was taken by T. Webster, Esq. The secretary
read the report of the council, which referred to the recent
changes introduced into the constitution of the society, sad
to the good effects produced thereby. The number of com-
munications and of candidates for prizes had annually in-
creased, and the consequence was greatly to increase the
funds of the society. The council next drew an outline of
the modifications introduced into the nature of the objects
sought to be promoted by the society, and especially
witu respect to the advance of decorative art, and
its application to domestic uses, and to the extension of
British manufactures. This movement had its origin
in the suggestion of his Royal Highness the president, ►nd
had been followed up by the offer of large premiums for the
production of specimens, and by which means a large number
of rich objects were produced exhibiting a marked improve-
ment in this branch of industrial skill. Many of the objects
thus produced had found their way into common use under
the names of the prize patterns of the Society of Arts. The
next topic touched on was the increased amount of premiums
offered by the society for new objects of decorative art and or-
namental design during the present session, and an exhibition
of these similar to that of last year was promised to be held in
the moath of March. It was further announced that the
exhibition of the Mulready paintings would take place
in the Adelphi in May next. The report concluded
by stating that her Majesty the Queen had, at the request
of the Prince Consort, granted a charter to the society, and
this document was laid upon the table.—A communication
made by Mr. J. Cundall, on ornamental art as applied to
ancient and modern bookbinding, was then read. Numer-
ous curious specimens of the art of bookbinding were placed
on the tables, the elaborate finish of which excited admir-
ation.—After Mr. Cundall's paper was read the secretary
produced a volume containing the estimates and contracts
for building Henry VIE'. Chapel, Westminster Abbey.
TURNPIKE ROADS AND RAlLWAYS.—Yesterday,
the New-cross turnpike-roads were put up to public compe.
tition. They were put up at 11,4701., this being above the
expense, of collecting them, and which was the sum they
were let for last year; but in consequence of the falling off
in the collection of the tolls, arising from the competition by
the numerous railways, not one offer was made.

Nor need those whose duties and responsibilities to Goa
and society call upon them to interfere, to instruct the igne-
rant and to warn the vicious, entertain any fear that their
labours will be lost. They have • right to calculate upon the
reverse. Men diet on indifferent food, only when they have
not and know not where to obtain better. EVe the poor
and ignorant would not prefer the literature L.! Salisbury-
square and Holyweil-street to that of Paternoster-row and
Fleet-street, if they could procure the latter, and lad the
elementary education necessary to enable them to wide:stand
and enjoy it. This is sufficiently evidenced by the fact, that,
for three or four years past, this grosser literature has been con-
stantly diminishing in amount, and even somewhat improving
in character. As education spreads, it is dying out of itself.
Some care on the fleet of those who exercise influenveover the
ignorant in their daily and domestic life, would probably soon
exterminate it altogether. A little teaching would do it.
Uneducated men want better models. It is incumtwat upon
those who are placed in authority over them--“,eciallo in
spiritual authority—to point them out. The los men are
instructel, the more necessary is it for them to do sonic kind
of hero-worship. This is an intellectual and mom. instinct.
All possess it in greater or less degrees. It is a sort of
natural, spontaneous religion. Heroes, models, arty one
must have. The kind of heroes and model+ ail' in a
great measure determine the individual's character and ea-
rev. In the literature of his class, each man looks to fuld
the heroic incarnated—and, in the majority of caeo, perhaps,
that incarnation becomes to him, for weal or woe, for good
or evil, the mould of his manhood—the mod. I of his life.
How important it is, then, that, in the instance of persons
who are uneducated, or only imperfectly educated, the high-
est possible standards of excellence should be prtaented to
their understandings and their hearts!
The batch of issues from the people's press which we no-
tice today, consists of the London Pioneer, the London
Journal, and the Family Herald. In this batch there is a
perceptible improvement upon those formerly dealt with.
In these we first begin to find ourselves in contact with coo.
rslities, which, if still imperfect and to that extent danger-
ous, are yet not quite diabolical; with sentiments, which, if
always loose and often of questionable soundness, are not
incurably diseased ; with characters, which, although
not enshrining the highest qualities of moral beings, are
yet far removed from the gross personages of the /tour,
Sunday Times ; and with doctrines, which, if false and din.
organising in tendency, do not coarsely assail the principles
of religion and strike at the roots of whatever is most beauti-
ful and beneficial in the community. As we commenced our
research amongst the lower strata of popular lies retiree, oar
course is upward. As we ascend, we must naturally rise to
higher levels and a purer atmosphere; but we cannot as
that we have yet arrived in an atmosphere
adapted for healthful inspiration and respiration. Each of
these publications contains sixteen pages of close letter.press,
and is sold for a penny. The London Pioneer is decid-
edly the lowest in character of the three. It was
formerly, we believe, The Penny Satirist—a serial
which, for low scurrility and malignity, was mu quilled.
At one time its circulation, amongst the lowest refuse of
the populations of London, Manchester, Liverpool, Glasgow,
and other large towns, was enormous. But a somewhat
better feeling grew up amongst its readers—certainly not
through its instrumentality—and it was abandoned. The
London Pioneer sprang from its ashes ; out the tone and
intentions were widely different in the two journals. The
scurrility and gross indecency have disappeared—if no posi-
tive Food have taken their places. In general terms. it may
be said to belong to the Salisbury-square type—bat it affects,
and, indeed, maintains, a more scrupulous regard to the pro-
prieties. It contains one illustration—ill executed, even
when judiciously selected. One or two stories and " con-
tinuation'," and a sort of leading article upon • topic of the
day, occupy the principal columns, and odds and end, origi-
nal and borrowed, of various kinds, fill up the re-
mainder of its apace. The London Journal ; a Weekly Record
of Literature, Science, and Art, belongs to the same genre,
but is of a still lees exceptionable spectes. It is also illus-
trated with wood-cuts, some of which are net without a
rough striking merit of their kind. The mass of the con-
tents is translated from the French—a source which will net
of itself offer any guarantee of its purity. " Monte Christo,"
by Alexandreumas, forms • prominent feature in the
work; and a still more useful translation of " Thiers's History
of the Consulate and Empire of France under Napoleon,"
appears in its columns. Amongst the more reprehensible
matter is a series of " Love letters of remarkable persons "
in which are printed several disgusting epistles attributed to
Lord Byron, but which were never written by him, and his
mistress, Lady C— L--. Others of Pope and Swift are
alsogiven, which modesty might well have spared. But a dash
of the sensual is considered by the editors or proprietors of
all these low works essential to their success. They call it
the seasoning of their made dishes. And probably their
readers, whose feelings have been left uncultivated, are very
susceptible to these dangerous and demoralising influences ;
and, aocustomed to viands so flavoured, would think them
flat and not sufficiently piquant otherwise.
One of the most curious features in these periodicals is,
that they profess to give advice and instruction to their in-
dividual readers upon almost every subject. Their ability
to do so is often tested. From one to four columns arc de-
voted weekly to resolving the difficulties and sharing
the confidences of their readers. It certainly ex-
hibits a strange lack of trustworthy authoriti s and
instructors to whom the artisan or peasant might apply for
advice and aid, in his own neighbourhood, that he should be
forced to apply and trust to an unknown and irresponsible
personage who stands behind the London Journal or the
Family Herald for the solution ef his difficulties. These
questions are about almost every conceivable subject ; but
I we notice that a goodly number of those which are addressed
to the London Journal have reference to the studies or the
reading of the applicants. It would, of course, be too much
to expect that the coaductors of such periodicals should
be able to give sound advice and exact information, from
the best mode of holding a pen, up to the subtleties of
German grammar ; but the mischief is, that they consider
themselves, according to the terms of their self-imposed
task, bound to give an answer, whether it be right or
wrong. A ludicrous instance of the soundness of the
information thus conveyed lies now under our eye. IL S.
P. writes to know how to pronounce Go he. After an un-
intelligible flourish about diphthongs, silent lettere, and
mute aspirates, the editor thus concludes :—" We may safely
say, without the chance ef leading you into an error, that
Giithe is pronsunced Guhrter."
The Family Herald is a purely domestic ' e; and is
also decidedly the least offensive of its clam. he principal
feature in thin, as in the others, is the novelets. These are
often translations from the French also. The disgusting
tale of " Martin the Foundling" is just completed in its
pages. This may serve as an indication of its tone, and of
the fitness to be placed in the hands of young females-
The remainder of its many columns is filled with amus-
ing scrape, cross-readings, riddles, charades, domestic
receipts, for dyeing, cooking, etc., and answers to
correspondents--which last is perhaps the speciality of the
work. The editor states that he receives a hundred letters
daily from his numerous correspondents. The peat majority
of these are from young females, who make bun the depom-
Wry of their secrets, and ask his advice in their love.affourt
To these he offers such advice as he thinks proper—which
can hardly ever be sound, because he can never learn all the
circumstances, even supposing that he had enough of judg-
ment to pronounce correctly if he could. The questions,
too, are often sufficient to puzzle the profound. One lady re-
quires to be informed " What the higher qualities of art
are ?" a second wishes to know " What the sin against the
Holy Ghost is, which scripture saes is unpardonable '
• third " Wants a husband!" a fourth is burning
to appear upon the stage another is parted from her hus-
band, and is desirous of being told whether, under given or-
curnstanoes, she ought to be reconciled to him. One you 4
female us recommended by the oracle " to pout a little, AM
make her lover uneasy ." another is counselled to stand spit
her dignity, and is emphatically reminded " never to _bile
that mysk.ry is the spell of lore!" The mischief that thts
sort of " editorial direction " may make in many families
must be amply evident. When can be the mothers of these
simple creatures, while they are placing themselves is inch