The Express.
London, England, 1848-03-25 00:00:00

o' (films

491.] LONDON, SATURDAY, MAR. 25, 1848. [THREEPENCE.

The Austrian authorities have capitulated on con-
dition of a free retreat being allowed them from the
Lombardo-Venetian territory.
The tricolored flag has been raised in all the towns
of Northern Italy.
The King of Sardinia had ordered troops to march
to the frontiers of Lombardy.

one. 2. Abolition of the law of blood, and
immediate liberation of pllitical prisoners. 3. Provi-
sional regency of the kingdom. 4. Immediate freedom
of the press. 5. Convocation of the Communal Coun-
cils to elect the deputies to the National Assembly, to
convoked without delay. C. Civic Guard, under the
orders of tLe municipality. 7. Neutrality and sub-
sistence guarantee:4d to the Austrian troops.-3feet on
the Corsi° di Sera at 3. Order and firmness.'"
The Rivorgimento announces that Radetzky, Bolza, and
Torresani were, at the date of the last accounts, shut
up with some troops in the Castelletto at Milan. Great
effervescence, adds the Risorginiento, reigned at Turin
on the 19th, in consequence of the news from Milan.
Thousands pressed forward to sign their names to the
lists of voluntee, e that were opened at the Cafi del
Giardino Public°. A deputation was sent to the minis-
ters to express the desires of the multitude, and the
answer was, that all volunteers who would repair
either to Chivasso, Casale, or Novi, would be imme-
diately armed at those places. A battery left Ver-
celli on the 20th, accompanied by the 14th regiment
of infantry.

LATEST FROM PARIS.

NEWS FROM MILAN.

THE CROWN PRINCE
PROCLAIMED
KING OF BAVARIA.

PARIS, FMIDAY, 5 P.M.
Every hoar brings us the most extraordinary and
conflicting reports, which arrive by telegraph, by
government despatches, arid private letters. The
most prominent of those of to-day, is a government
despatch, by telegraph, from Metz, dated yesterday,
which says that a republic has been proclaimed at
Berlin, the king having been dethroned, and his
majesty, as well as his ministers, arrested. This is
not credited here.

The following are stated to be the bases of the
constitution which has just been promised by the
Pope to his people. A college of cardinals electors
of the Sovereign Pontiff, and a senate inseparable
from this council. Two legislative chambers, one
called the high council, and the members of which
are nominated for life by the Pope ; the other com-
posed of deputies elected by the nation, in the pro-
portion of :one representative for 30,000 ends. The
electors arechosen from amongst certain social positions
which are defined, and amongst several categories
paying taxes. (The possession of a capital of 300
scudi (about 1,600 fr.) or the payment of taxes to the
amount of 12 scudi per annum, is sufficient to ensure
the electoral franchise.) A man can be elector at 25
years of age. To be deputy, it is requisite to be 30
)ears of age, to possess a capital of 3,000 scudi, or to
pay 100 solidi of taxes per annum. 'fLe judicial au-
thorities are ind( pendant. No prevotel courts; a ra-
tional guard ; liberty of the subject guaranteed ; and
abolition of the censorship for toe press. The inita-
tive of bringing in bills belongs either to the minis-
ters or to the deputies, provided that the proposition
be supported by ten members. The right of petition
is admitted.

A continuation of the telegraphic despatch from
Strasbourg, which was interrupted yesterday by the
weather has been received, and is in substance as
follows:

"The Prince Royal of Bavaria is proclaimed. Pub-
lic tranquillity has not been disturbed at Munich."
The Gaulle de Breslau announces that an in-
surrectionary movement has taken p:ace at Warsaw,
and that a part of the troops have Joined the people.
The fact we reported 3 ester thy, of the abdieation of
the King or Bavaria is confirmed. It is said that he
proposes to withdraw to Sicily.
General Chan,garnicr, who arrived only yesterday
in Paris, leaves to-morrow for Algiers, of which (as
we have already announced) he has been appointed
governor, in place of General Cavaignac, now minis'er
of war.

Some disturbances took place yesterday afternoon
at the !lota des In va fides, in con sequence ofthe men be-
ing dissatisfied with what they called the bad quality of
the things supplied. Gen. Petit,having been accused by
sotue of the intalPes, advanced to the crowd svhi •h had
assembled, and demanded to be conducted to the Etat-
Major of the National Guard. This was done, and
he was there received by generals Courtais and
Guinard. M. Arago, Minister of War ad infrrim,
immediately issued two decrees appointing two com-
missions—one to inquire into the circumstances of
the disturbances, and to punish the authors of them ; '
the other to investigate the complaints of the inva-
lides. In the course of the day, about three hundred
invalides went up to the Hotel de Ville to lay their
complaints before the Provisional Government.
A further decline has taken place to-day at the
1 Bourse, in all securities. The Threes closed at 48,
being 2 francs laver; the Fives at tiM, also 2 filmes
lower. Bank sitarts are down to 1,600 again. Lai'.
ways have all fallen. Orleans, Win; ltoueu, -L
Northern, 338.

We have advices from Naples to the 15th. Lord
Nlinto could not prevail on the general committee of
Palermo to accept the proposals of the king; they re-
plied that it belonged only to the parligment to reply.
At Naples the king, alarmed and CJVCI-Or d by tt:e
events of France, yields to the least requisition of the
people. Thus, after repeated manifestatimm, the Jesuits
have quitted their college, and have embarked for
Malta. _ _

It is remarkable that the most ardent of the consti-
tutional party conjure his majesty to show more
courage.
On the 13th serious disorders, followed by the pil-
lage of several shops, occurred. The national guard
and the troops of the line promptly suppressed
them. A law has decreed the organization of
the national guard, and forbids the assembling of
crowds.
O❑ the 15th Naples was tranquil.

Parra, Manna 24. —New Lean, —; Three per Cents., 44;
Fires, 68; Four-and-Half, ; Yours, 59. Belgian Fire; 1410,
65, do. 1842, • Do. Threes, —; —;
N Berke, 65. Boman Loan, 59. Treaftury Bands, 52.
Bank Ohara., 1,800. 1 10.b.oure on London, no tranraettona.

REVOLUTION IN CRACOW.
The following appeared exclusively in a late edition
of our paper yesterday :
CRACOW, MARCH 17.—The Silesia Gazette says:
Our political prisoners are free. About 9 this
morning about 100,000 Polish citizens assembled
after learning the news from Vienna. They were joined
by many of the native population, and repaired to
the residence of Count Deym, demanding the libera-
tion of the prisoners. Count Deym begged for
delay till he should get special orders from Vienna.
This would not do, and the count was obliged to drive
with Marshal Castiglion to the prison, and effect their
desires. The people also asked the removal of the
customs lines and guard, the arming of the people,
and of the burgher militia.

Ssrtwsee.-Part an 4 Orleans, 880; Bari+ and Rouen, 425
Harmand Havre, 220 50; Angnon and Marseilles, 275 ; Strasbourg
and Bile, Centre Vieroon, 250; Amara and Boulogne, —.
Bordeaux, 345 75; North, 540.

THE PARIS BOURSE.

MAR= 23.—The Paris Bourse is much occupied
with respect to the supported project of government as to the
buying up the railways by the state. This serious operation
gives birth to a thousand conjectures. That which is the
most credited to-day is that the government will confine itself
to the purchase of the unfinished lines, and on which the
shares are nut yet all Raid up.
In this point of view, the substitution of the state for
the companies in the completion of the works is better
understood. By this means will be provided great
and legitimate national workshops. The money now
spent on useless works, only to provide employment, will
thus be legitimately applied. The lines surveyed may be
immediately proceeded with. This pressing necessity is a
sufficient motive for supposing the government will adopt
this course. The difficulties and want of means of the com-
panies furnish an unanswerable reason. But what compensa-
tion will they offer the shareholders for the monies expended
and the reduced value of their shares ? Here lies the diffi-
culty. At what price will the minister value the shares of
each of these lines so differently treated be the grants' (lois
de concession) ? It it h. 5 per Cents. that he will offer in ex-
change, on what conditions will he offer them ? These two
points give rise to very different opinions.
Meanwhile the Fives have continued V. fall rapidly, under
the impression of an immediate issue. The Threes havei de-
clined, and each of the railways is subject to fluctuations,
which are regulated by their I resent quotations, the works
to be finished, and the amounts paid up.
In a financial view the Bourse is far from presenting a
better aspect. The news from the great centres of commerce
and manufactures is unsatisfactory. At Paris the first houses
are obliged to wind up their affair, to escape inevitable ruin.
It is to be hoped the gigantic efforts now making will put an
end to this crisis, and that returning confidence will restore
the houses which have fallen. with assets, which will reasume
their value when calm shall be restored.

ROYAL AGRICULTURAL SOCIETY OF
ENGLAND. . _

A WEEKLY COUNCIL was held at the Society's
house in Hanover-square on Wednesday last, the 22nd of
March : Present—Mr. Raymondjtarker, in the chair ; Sir
John Johnstone, Bart., M.P., Mr. Brameton, M.P., Dr.
Calvert, Mr. F. C. Cherry, Mr. Bandhani Elly, Mr. Fuller,
M.P., Mr. Fisher Hobbs, Mr. R. Jennings, Mr. Kinder,
Mr. Majendie, Mr. Miles, M.P., Dr. Newington, Mr. Par-
kins, Prof. Simonds, Mr. Reynolds Sally, Mr. E Tull, Mr.
Thomas Turner, Mr. Tweed, Prof. Way, and the Rev. J. C.
Wharton.
The following new members were elected : Thomas
Webber, Escott Lodge, Honiton, Devon ; John Reddaway,
Inwood Leigh, Okehampton, Devon • George Deane, King
William.street, city of London ; John Beck, yun., Congham,
Cutle.Rising, Lynn, Norfolk; John Dean, King William-
street, city of London ; David Milne, York-place, Edin-
burgh ; John Hubbenty, C. E., 34, Blndford.square Lon-
don ; Francis Jordan, Easton, Bridlington, Yorkshire ;
' Allan Mac Lean, M.D., Colchester, Essex.
The names of seven candidates for election at the next
meeting were then read.
DIBBLINO.—Dr. Newington, a member of the society,
reeding at Knowle Park, near Tonbilidge-wells, presented
to the society one of the economic hand-bibbling machines
of his invention, and favoured the members with an
explanation of what he conceived to be its peculiar
advantages, as well as with a detailed statement of the satis-
factoryresults in the economy of seed, its regular and proper
deposition, and the free and vigorous growth of the plants
which in his opinion would be found to attend its use.
He also called their attention to the practice of frequently
stirring the toil between the rows of a crop, for the purpose
of promoting the free ingress of atmospheric air, and thus
accelerating the decay of dead vegetable matter as manure,
and exerting a most beneficial influence on the growth and
character of the living plants.—The thanks of the meeting
were voted to Dr. Newington for his attention in making
this present, and in submitting these statements to their
notice.
SULPHATE or LIME.—Mr. Majendie submitted to the in-
spection of the council a sample of sulphate of lime—a sub.
stance which, in its native mineral and impure state, is well
known to farmers uedor the name of gypsum er plaster of
Paris, but which, as au artificial and pure compound of sul-
phuric acid and lime, is known to chemists as sulphate of
lime. lie stated that this sample of sulphate of lime was ob-
tained as a refuse by the tallow-chandlers in their process of
making the " composition " candles, and waste be purchased
at a cheap rate. Its peculiarity consisted in the micnte state
of division to which its particles were reduced by that
chemical process, a condition which, it was conceived, would
greatly accelerate its action when applied as a dressing for
the clover corp. Professor Way had made for Mr. Majendie
an analysis of this substance, and found it to be composed as
follows :
sulphate of lime 6E4O
Free sulphuric acid
Accidental water ....... 17.01
Combined water, and a little bitty matter

The Madrid mails of the 18th communicate nothing
of the least importance.
Kaoaio, Maven 18.—Three per Bente., 23 paper; Five per Bente.,
14 141 • r.e.vives, S paper. Coupono, 10 paper. Bank of "t.
nand, 110 mob, 112.—Exchange on Landon, 46 30400.

A letter from Frankfort says, that the Countess de
Landsfeldt (Lola Montes) has been obliged to quit that
city ; and that, at 9 o'clock in the morning of the
19th, she was conducted by the police to the chemin
de fer.

We have no reports of very di.firdte character from
Italy more recent than those we have already given,
but the Piedmontese journals all concur in stating
that the insurrection has been triumphant in Milan.
The Opinione of Turin, 61 the 20th, publishes the
following news from the Novara, dated the 19th :
" Milan is insurged, and in a state of siege. The gates
are closed, and the battle rages within. The people
have made themselves masters of five pieces of cannon,
and the report of artillery was heard up to 11 o'clock
last night. Five thousand Lomellines are on their way
to Milan to assist their brethren." The same journal
adds: "At half-past six p.m., we learn that the go-
vernment is in the hands of Milanese ; Casat, is pre-
sident, and the tricolour waves on the government
palace. Yesterday all the functionaries had abandoned
Milan. The centre of the movement was in the Bro-
letto. The gendarmerie and firemen fraternised with
the people. The Hungarians have shown
themselves friendly to the people, who cried,
Viva l'Unghena.' The cannonading of the
castle began yesterday at five, and lasted till eleven
pm. All the public edifices are in the hands of
the people. The Comasina, Yaltellina, and Bergamo,
are said at this moment to be in open insurrection.
It is said also that the Swiss corps franca have crowed
the frontier, and that the viceroy has been made pri-
soner near Brescia, by a battalion of Italian grenadiers.
We learn from \'igevano that the Hungarian cavalry
took part with the ,Ililanese ; for, having received
orders to prevent the entrance of the country
people, they allowed them to enter in
snoods. Last night, at eight o'clock, all the toc-
sins of the villages on the Piedmonteee frontier were
souncing the alarm. The insurrection is general
at this moment throughout the Lombardo-Venetian
kingdom. Letters confirm that the vice-royal
palace is in the hands of the people, and that the
papers, furniture, etc.. had been thrown into the coart
to be burnt. The guards, who had tried to resist, hal
been massacred or dispersed."—The King of Sardinia,
immediately on receiving intelligence from Milan,
assembled his ministers, and a long consultation took
place. Several estafettcs soon after left the war-office,
with orders for the formation of three corps of ob-
servation on the frontiers of the Ticino and Po, and
the organisation of volunteer corps at Chicano, Ca-
sale, and Novi.
The Risorgimento of Turin publishes, from a
journal printed at Milan in opposition to the
authorities, on the 18th, at the commencement of the
movement, the following demands, in the name of
the people of Lombardy: " I. Abolition of the
`old police, and organisation of a municipal

99.45
Mr. Majendie, at a future meeting, would report the
price at which it could be obtained as an article of com-
merce. Professor Way, who was present, explaioed
that the tallow-chandlers, in order to obtain from tallow
the atearine of which their composition candles were
made, boiled the tallow along with quicklime, for the pur-
pose of effecting that separation; and that the quicklime
was afterwards precipitated from the remaining component
parts of the tallow by means of sulphuric acid, and formed
the sulphate of lime in a highly comminuted state, of
which a specimen was then submitted to the council
by Mr. Majendie. He regarded this sulphate of lime as
bearing the same relation to the common gypsum as the
superphosphate to the common phosphate.
MALTESE CLOVEIL—MT C. Majendie also presented to
the conned some plants (with roots and earth attached),
grown in his garden at Hedingbam Castle, from the seeds of
a plant known at Malta as the Sulla or Maltese Clover. He
also presented a supply of the seeds of the production in
qursion, which he had ascertained to be known to botanists
as the Hedysarum coronurium. Thanks having been ordered
for these communications, and for presents made to the
library by the Earl of Lovelace and Mr. Sandham Elly, the
Council adjourned to Wednesday neat, the 29th instant.

Rtsq.t.—The contents of the private letters received
this afternoon :from St. Petersburg possess considerable in-
terest. It is said that the anger of the emperor at the recent
events in France is excessive, and that he declares be will
hold no communication with that country. The reserve of
the army (about 400,000 men) is ordered to be immediately
raised and to be complete by the Ist of April, and the
are to hold themselves in readiness to march to Poland
on the shortest notice. in every branch of the War Depart-
ment, in fact, activity prevails, and all the regular cavalry,
Cossacks, Tartars, Kalmuca, and Bashkirs, are ordered to
assemble on the western frontiers. At these dates, however,
little was known of the course taken be England, Prussia,
and the ether powers,and hence it is probable that, upon the
receipt of lacer advice*, the ardour of the empires. may have
rabeided.

It was supposed that the intention of the arrests on
Tuesday evening was to prevent the deputies of the
Irish confederation from conferring personally with
the Provisional Government of France ; and, conse-
quently, that the terms of the bail would confine the
accused to the United Kingdom until the day of trial.
The supposition was baseless, since Mr. O'Brien set
off last evening for France, and will be followed this
evening by Messrs. Meagher and Holywood. Mean-
while the minor guns of the confederation will blase
away, and defy government and its prosecutions.
There will be a meeting to-night, at which Mr.
Mitchell is expected to attend, and he will be received
back into the arms of fraternity with a Cead Mille
Feeltha.

The address of the Chamber of Commerce, to dis-
tinguish it from the other addresses of confidence in
the administration of Lord Clarendon, has already
received more than 100,000 signatures ; far exceeding
the number attached to the Leinster declaration.

REPEAL ASSOCIA TION. Tae PROSECUTIONS. The
course which this body was likely to pursue might be anti
cipated from the presence of the Messrs. O'Connell at the police
office yesterday. Accordingly, at a meeting of the com-
mittee to-day, a resolution wan, we undentand, agreed to, to
the following effect : " That, without enterng into the
differ,,nees which have prevailed between these gentlemen
and the association, we tender them our assurance of sin-
cere respect for their personal characters, and our anxiety to
render them every service in our power."