The Express.
London, England, 1849-08-28 00:00:00

THE EXPRESS, TUESDAY EVEXING. AUGUST 28. 1849,

Vie eravtoo.

-7 -----e--
OUtGOING MAIM
The anus for the British North Arnett* NA the United
Stains. ill be wade up on the evening of Aug. 31.
The Weet India Mails, including Demurla, }henna,
Nassau, Honduras, New Orleans, and Mexion, and excluding
those in Madeira, St. Jean-de-Nicaragua, New Granada,
Chili, sad Peru, will be made up on Sept. 2.
The mails fn Madeira, the Bretits, and Buenos Ayres,
will be sande np ow Sept. 4.
The nails. ova Marseilles, fo the Mediterranean, Egypt.'
Ceylon, ladle, Hourlong, in., will be made up on
the nosing of Sept. 7.
The nails fur Vigo, Oporto, Lisbon, Madeira, Cadie, and
Gibraltar will be met :4 ea the morning of f?::;:. 7.
1 I The mail
for Cr:bruiser, Malta, Greece, the lonian Islands,
Egypt, Ceylon, India, and China, via Southampton, will
be made up on the morning of Sept. 20.

111011 WATILII AT LONDON MOOT.
Ten D.9—Nandar, ml 9. poet 9 , Aftermena, 4 vals. past to.
Trim 69.—Minsiat, 0 WA. post 10, Attaseas,lo puns It.

LONDON, TUESDAY, AUGUST 28.

THE fears which we at length began to enter-
tain for the Hungarians, and which we expressed
on the 17th, and again more decidedly on the 24th
inst.have proved but too well founded. That gallant
nation has succumbed, overrun by an overwhelming
force, which at last was concentrated and directed
upon the vital pokes of Hungarian resistance.
Neglecting. Comorn, uncovering even Vienna, aban-
doning their lines of communication with a hardihood
seldom practised in war, the Russians and Austrians
hurried beyond the Theism, determined to tread out at
once, by their numbers, the brave and wary defen-
ders of their soil. PASKIEWITCH, RODIOEK,
GRAM" and OSTEN-SACKEN, each led a division
across the These, and prevented GdaGET'S junction
with Dammam or with BEN. The immense supe-
riority of the Russians in artillery (they speak of 120
guns with each division), together with the dry sea-
son, rendered the passages of the Thein indefensible.
And it was soon evident that Doluotext, though
assembling all his forces, was no match either for
PASKIEWITCH on one aide of him, or for Hatotatt and

PANIUTIN on the other.
To fight a battle became imperative upon Dzst-
BINSKI. To have manoeuvred in co-operation with
Gliaczy, and to have fought PASKIEWITCH to effect
the junction, was what every one expected. A battle
to cover Groswaradein was so fully expected, that
the rumour of it ran. DEMBINSKI and GORGES.
have, however, never been able to act in full under-
standing with each other. And DEMBINSKI, leaving
Groswaradein to be occupied by the Russians, and let-
ting Gomm! manage as he could, marched south to
the Marts, with the aid of the corps of the south, to
make head against HATNAU and PANIUTIN. For this
purpose DEMBINSKI seems to have fought two battles,
one at Szorog, the other in front of Temesvar. Both
were nnenceessful, though BEM had comets take part
in the last. The nature of the battle is sufficiently
told in HAYNAU'lidevatcli. He save he sent forward
the Russian artillery, and when it had done the work
of silencing the guns and disordering the ranks of the
Hungarians, he then advanced and drove them from
the field.
These disastrous and unavailing combats too
plainly convinced the Hungarian leaders and Kos-
Krim that further struggle was unavailing. In case
of being beaten on the Maros, the purpose of the
Hungarians was to make a last stand on the moun-
tains of Transylvania ; and for this reason ILossurrt
had declared the command in Transylvania to be the
most important. But with all his skill and hardi-
hood, Bey had been unable to defend that province.
His strongest position at Maros Vasarhely had been
forced by thejunotion of the two Russian divisions of
LUDERS and GROTENIIIELM, and BEM joined DEMBIN-
sax , before Temesvar more as a fugitive than an
auxiliary.
Whilst DEMBINSKI was thus sorely pressed, GA-
MY, from the Upper Theiss, was marching to his
aid. So overwhelming was the Russian force, that
GRABBE and his division had been sent back to Co-
morn as not wanted on the Theiss. GORGEY pre-
tended to follow him, but really struck south. Had
DEMBINSKI defended Groswaradtin and the river Be-
rettyo, he would have allowed GORGE! to come up
with him. Weighty reasons or necessities most have
prevented him. His march south of the Maros al-
lowed the Russians to cut him off irrecoverably from
GORGEY, who advanced with certainly not 30,000
men into the very midst of the Russian armies.
OOROEY, disappointed of finding DEMBINSKI at Gros-
waradein, must at least have hoped to effect a junc-
tion with him at Arad. But that fortress was already
surrounded by Austrian besiegers, and DEMBINSKI
had been driven from before Temesvar. GoaGEY,
however, and hie brave soldiers fought their way to
within a few miles of Arad, when tidings of the com-
plete discomfiture of his friend reached him. Direct
communication from KOsSUTH told him, moreover,
that all defence was hopeless, and that he was to make
the best terms he could. No alternative seems to
have been left to the young Hungarian general but to
surrender. Some of the other loaders may maintain
for a time a guerilla warfare—and, if our latest
accounts from Vienna may be credited, they seem de-
termined to do so—but for the present the concen-
trated national resistance of Hungary is beaten down.
Finis Hungarke! That country, whose sons saved
for MARIA 'THERESA her throne, and gave to the pre-
sent race of Austrian monarchs all that they possess,
bat been provoked by the tyranny and duplicity of
these Austrian monarchs to a most just and righteous
rebellion. An army of 100,000 Austrians, led by the
bombarder of Vienna, and the murderer of BLUM,
marched against them, but the Hungarians rose and
most ignominiously defeated and expelled the
utmost force and !stet general that Austria could
send against them. This was a time when Austria
might have offered Hungary her ancient constitution
sad independence. But no—its vindictive court
preferred humbling itself at the feet of Russia, and
beseeching a Cossack army to come and save them.
Under these united armies of Eastern despotism,
before the million of men whom Russia placed under
arms for the suppression of law, liberty, and nation-
_
ality around her, the Hungarians have fallen; but
they have fallen gloriously. They have lost all
but honour. And we trust that even the future is not
closed to them. For a nation that has proved itself
more than a match for Austria, and well nigh a
match for Austria and for Russia united, cannot be
blotted from the list of nations. Immortal in history,
her glory alone will keep vitality alive, and teach her
sons to abide, even in chains, some inevitable day of
freedom and of retribution.

iMiq Months. The ore which comes to us, there-
fore ,1s obtained from the dry diggings in the moun-
tains. A gentleman who came in the Empire City
told me, this morning, that the mines were illimitable
in value; that not a fractional part had been explored;
I and that, in his opinion, at least 50 millions of dollars
would be gathered before the prevent year was out.
No less than 18 towns have beenlaid out to the north-
ward of San Francisco, and how many more in other
directions we are not advised. It is useless to desig-
nate these various places as yet. They are all well
situate, accessible to ships, and en route to the miles.
The great want is houses. They bring enormous
prices, and will for months to come, The politics of
California are somewhat entangled. There is a Duty
which desires an inciepiaat governme::, out Gei.
Riley, the military governor, has issued a proclama-
tion, dated 22d June, in which he states that this project
cannot be sanctioned by the government, and will be
resisted by Wm. He, however, recommends the im-
mediate adoption of measures to form a territorial
government. It is evident that the introduction of
slavery will not be permitted by the Californians.
"Oar accounts inform us that the desertions from the
army are numerous, twenty at a time leaving their
encampment, with their arms and accoutrements.
The naval station has been established at Benecia,
situited on the Straits of Carquinez, thirty-five miles
from the ocean. It already contains 500 inhabitants,
and is the headquarters of the army as well as the
navy.
" Cargoes from China have already begun to come
into California, and the next thing we shall do is, to
receive our teas from thence almost din et.
"It isvery evident that trade in the Pacifio is on the
ineease, and I enclose you a marine list for the piaci•
pal ports, in which you will discover the names of
many English vessels.
"Another correspondent writing me from San
Francisco, says that he is satisfied with his adventures
thus far, and has already commenced making money.
Another friend and correspondent, an ex-officer
in the United States army, and one of the bravest and
most complimented of his grade, during the Mexican
war, was at the mines digging as hard as the meanest
labourer. I shall have an interesting letter from him
for your columns by the next steamer."

THE WEST INDIES.

The Cambria puts us in possession of news from
these islands of more recent dates than those received
by last mail, and brought direct to Southampton.
They are as follows t—Bermuda, Aug. 7; Havana,
July 28; Nassau (Bahamas), July 21; Belize (Hon-
duras), July 13 ; St. Jago de Cuba, July 8 ; Kingston
(Jamaica), Aug. 4; Jacmel (Hayti), June 15; St.
Juan (Porto Rico), June 29 ; Georgetown (Demerara),
July 22 ; Berbice, June 18; Tobago, June 21; Turk's
Island, July 18; Barbadoes, July 19; Grenada, June
22; St. Vincent, July 24, St. Lucia, July 16; Mar-
tinique, July 7; Guadalupe, June 28; Dominique,
June 28; Antigua, July 1 ; 'Montserrat, June 29 ;
Nevis, June 29; St. Kitts, June 29; Tortola, June
30 ; St. Thomas, Aug. 1.
In Bermuda, copious showers of rain have fallen to
to restore the happiness of the islanders, after the de-
pression of spirits produced by the previous alarming
drought. The fields had assumed their verdancy, and
the products of the fields were no longer in danger. The
American steamer Allegheny, built of iron, at Pitts-
burgh, in Pennsylvania, far in the interior of the
country (rather a curious fact), recently pat into
Bermuda on her way home from the Mediterranean.
The steamer, which is a good sized one, went into a
harbour there (the name of it has escaped me) which
has for a long time been deemed shut to large vessels.
Certainly no British man-of-war has attempted to
enter it many years. Lieut. Heater, of the Alle-
lihany, took his vessel in, however, in fine style, and
the consequence was a general rejoicing among the
Insulates, and much feasting and toasting. The
British officers on the station played the amyhytrion
in their best style,and our Yankee tars enjoyed them-
selves to their heart's content.
The difficulties in Demerara between the Governor
and the Combined Court were in a train of adjustment,
which was likely to be effected, and to the satisfaction
of all parties. In the island of St. Vincer.t, the small
pox continued to prevail. In St. Lucia the financial
affairs of the colony appear to attract the chief atten-
tion, and an effort was making to overcome present
difficulties, and provide for future contingencies. It
seems there was a deficiency in the treasury of 2,000/.
in consequence of the riots in March last, and as no
assistance was to be obtained from the home govern-
ment, Governor Darling appeared resolved to do
something on his own account. The tax on cultivated
land was to be raised from 2s. to 4s. per acre, and an
export duty on rum and sugar was to be laid.
From Jamaica we learn that Sir Charles Grey had
dissolved the assembly. The sugar-cone crop was
looking admirably well, and the news of an advance
on sugar at home had given new hopes to the planters
and a new stimulus to business. The coffee planters
were not in such good spirits ; many had resolved not
to gather their crops, as prices would not pay the ex-
pense of getting them to market. The island was
quiet and healthy, and but little change had taken
place in its general business, its imports, prices, or
exchange.
In Barbadoes the weather was fine and the inha-
bitants healthy. The governor bed just returned from
a tour to the neighbouring islands. Communication
between Barbadoes and St. Vincent's was interrupted
by a quarantine, in consequence of the prevalence of
the small-pox at the latter island.
In Antigua the weather was dry, only a few light
showers had fallen. The manufacture of sugar was
going on extensively, and 14.0)0 hogsheads at the
lowest calculation would be made up.
Tobago, far away to the south of its companions,
appears to go on in the usual way. Not a single line
from her of interest.
In Grenada the assembly had imposed a tax of 10
per cent. on all incomes paid out of the treasury ; and
the quarantine bad been reduced from twenty days to
ten.
In Trinidad a retiring pension had been allowed
Judge Scotland of about 4,000 dollars, but efforts
were making of a legislative character to prevent a
similar bestowment hereafter. It appears, on the
whole, however, that the British West Indies are not
in a very flourishing condition. Rotten are every-
where depressed in value, and bring but a small price
when forced into market. Mention is made of one, in
the little island of Levin, called Plantation Rich-
mond-hill, which was considered not long since worth
50,0004 but which, when disposed of under exert-
tion, brought only 1,0001. Unfortunate, indeed, is
that state of things which permits so total a ruin of an
estate, and gives to a little cash, in the hands of wary
Inonproduction, the power to eat up and swallow down
the fortunes, the labour, the exertion, the skill, and
the property of others. Capital has one remarkable
quality and power, that of making itself scarce or
plentiful when it pleases. Nothing prevents its
absolute sway but its own avarice or selfishness. If
it could only set with a common impulse, it would
master the world. Its desire of accumulation leads it
into jealousy and competition. If this were not so, it
would control all markets, all trade, all property. In
this country our laws wisely limit its powers, and do
not allow it to perpetuate its ascendancy in the nom
bands or family for any length of time.
From the French West Indies we have the most
nislaseholy accounts. There the interests of rival
political parties seem to have displayed themselves in
tumults, arson, and assassinations. In Guadeloupe,
the elections have led to complete anarchy, and the
distinctions which are seen in the French national
legislature of radicals and moderates, are kept up in
this island with a tropical violence. Its volcanic
mountains are quite a fit emblem of the state of
things around them.