The Express.
London, England, 1862-07-15 00:00:00

[TWOPENCE

During the whole war the public men of Cheat
Britain, with few exceptions, have failed to under-
stand the deeper and better features which have
entered into this struggle, and even when acknow-
ledging the courage and power of the North, it is
a reluctant admission which undeniable facts have
forced them to make. It is this sense of injustice
—the feeling that the leading classes of England are
hostile to the North, that is deepened by such dis-
cussions as have recently taken place rui the British
parliament. It will take many years for the cor-
dial feeling towards Great Britain, which was
growing up everywhere throughout the North, to
return to that point it had reached before the war
began. The modifications of the tariff, which have
been made for the twofold object of raising addi-
tional revenue and diminiabing importations from
Europe, will be another bone of coutentlon. Now it
is for the mutual interests of both cations, and
for the best welfare of liberty and civilisation, that
they should not only live in pesos, but with a
cordial feeling towards each other. A war between
the United States and Great Britain would be a
midortuae to the world, and this drift of English
opinion is therefore_regarded by thous who look into
• the hiture-with solisitude. Whatever may be the
meek of the present war, it is certain that the
North will become one of the foreword nations of
the world, and the leading power on this manumit.
A wise and profound statesman will act with refe-
rence to far-extending and comprehensive result'.
By a misapprehension of the present struggle, by a
hostile feeling towards the strongest party, by
sympathy with slaveowners, by unjust and carping
criticism, a public man mar play upon popular pre-
judice and inflame popular passion. This may
advance the temporary interests of a class, but
what is thus gained to the immediate interests of
politicians or trade would be a permanent loas to
future generations, and the best welfare of man-
kind. The highest aspirations of the Anglo-Saxon
should run parallel with the glorious struggles of
liberty, and those leaders of English opinion who
now, through ignorance of the underlying principles
involved in the American war, deny that freedom
enters into it, or look in cold unconcern and one-
sided criticism upon the strife of two civilisations
for the mastery of a continent, such will figure in
history as men who lacked prescient states-
manship. This is the light in which the better
class of the North regard the present aspect of opi-
nion as exhibited by a portion of the English press
and by the recent debate in the British parliament.
No immediate collision is apprehended with Great
Britain but those who desire that the United
States, and the mother-country shall be joined
together by cordial feelings and mutual goodwill
lament the evidence they see in England of Un-
favourable if not hostile feeling towards the
United States.
BOSTON, Jinn L
The intense excitement of yesterday abated to-
day on the assurances which were made by the press
that the movements of General M'Clellan were
parts of a preconceived plan, and that the object
he had in view in his change of positions was com-
pletely accomplished. Row far this is true it is
exceedingly difficult to say at the time of writing.
That he designed a change before the fight an
Thursday is certain. He had ordered the trans-
portation of the camp equipage and stores at White
House, and other steps were also tam which
prove that an alteration in his line of
operation was pre-determined. The insecurity
of his old position, the necessary delays from having
a portion of his army on each side of the Chicks-
hominy, and the spreading out his force—these
must have made him feel the advantages of a new
plan of action, especially after the raid by the
cavalry in the rear a short time since. What Stuart
did with a small force may not Jacskson repeat on
a large scale, and thus outflank him I The corre-
spondents maintain with great positiveness that not
only is the rebel hero of the Shenandoah Valley
before Richmond with his troops, but that Besure-
gard is also there with thirty thousand of the army
of the south-west. If this be so, then the necessity
of a movement to prevent the turning of his right
wing probably existed. Besides, it is amerted t hat this
change bas in view important aggressive movements ;
that for some time M'Clellan had decided to swing
his right wing towards the rear, and meanwhile to
advance the left wing towards James River, open
communications with his gunboats, and if possible
get between Richmond and the rebel army. The
embarkation of the sick, wounded, ordnance, and
commissary Mores, made under the superintendence
ofGeneral Carey, was clearly not an afterthought
subsequent to the hada The correspondent of the
New York Herald, who thus far has given the
clearest narrative of events, says that, to carry out
the proposed change, it was deemed desirable to
open an engagement with the rebels facing the
Federal right, draw them in pursuit, and if pos-
sible to capture them. They followed in larger
force than was anticipated, and this made the fight
more severe and desperate, but "it is certain that
they (the rebels) have not been allowed to follow
further than it was designed to allow them."
News from the Potomacarmy up to 2 o'clock on Sa-
turday has been received, but the telegraph of the
morning which will go with the steamer may give
additional intalligeum of the actual condition of
affairs. Every step forward will be disputed with
determined courage. The question of evacuation
'is put to rest. The passage to Richmond must be
gained by successive battles, and it may also be
with alteenations of success and reverse. It as is
now supposed shall make an attempt
on Fort Darling, this once in his permeation he will
have au invaluable aid in the gunboats on the
James River. But the next steamer will carry out
fuller knowledge of the movements of the two
armies, and by that time we shall be able to speak
with more clearness of the great battles now waging
for the interests of freedom, civilisation, and huma-
nity.

ITALY.

(111011 017111 Owlt 00111

TURIN, Juts 11.
Before this reaches you the telegraph will lava
already informed yon that the recognition of the
Kingdom of Italy by Russia and Prussia will be,
as becomes the dignity and independence of this
nation, exempt from conditions or restrictions of any
kind. I have to add that the Prussian representa-
tive bad privately requested that the announcement
of the recognition by Russia should be delayed long
enough to allow of the arrival of despatches from
Berlin, so that the twin facto should be announced
simultaneously. By this means appearances were
saved as though the two northern cabinyte. had
CZnettelm:ln Fat!'‘' against and
te tiltboyf trerlinhadnoo:
example
_ _
St. Petersburg. The fact is that Prussia was
ashamed of her own want of decision and initia-
tive. _ . _

flips is another fact deserving of attention.
Spain, which, in spite of her liberal constitution,
knows little of freedom and modern civilisation,
dislikes everything that occurs in Italy. Go-
verned as she is by a Bourbon branch, which
abounds in all the vices of the old stock, she cannot
behold with complacency a State rising up greater
than herself, the thrones of the other Bourbons
upset, and States taken from the Pope who sends
her friars and benedictions as many as she traL
But all her sympathies for the old order of things
are now giving way before her fear of worse than
has yet befallen. Not liked by France bemuse
she still has a Bourbon on her throne,and because
in the Mexican business she left the French in the
lurch—not supported by public opinion, and seeing
a daughter of Victor Emmanuel about to be seated
on the rival throne of Portugal, she begins to think
that it is often well to make a virtue of necessity,
sad therefore she is preparing to desist from her
hostility to the now cider of things in Italy.
Already she liss gives it to be understood that she,
in% will recognise the accomplished fact.