The Express.
London, England, 1853-10-17 00:00:00

SWITZERLAND.

The Band, a Swiss paper, stalks that in its sitting
of the 7th the Feikral Council dctinitiirly approved
of the Lukmanier hail vay line, notwiths:anding the
opposition of the military department.

EGYPT.

- •

The Journal (1,.$ IPbats says:—" The serious
question relative to the prohibition of the export of
corn still continues at Alexandria in the same state.
The application made by the consular body to the
Viceroy through Stefano hey, on the 17th ult., to
postpone the carrying into operation of the decree to
that effect until the 30th November, had not been
replied to on the sth instant, nor could the Consuls
form any idea when an answer would be given.
Abbas Pacha is at the present time in the Desert
beyond Mount Sinai, superintending the construction
of a road from Mount Sinai to Tor, a small pita on
the Red Sea, where a mineral spring, said to be of
great virtue, has been lately discovered. Great sur-
prise is generally felt that the Viceroy should be
absent from his capital, occupying himself with such
trifles, when affairs of so much greater importance
require his presence at the seat of government. In
the meantime, the export of core still continues
without any obstacle; and vessels are Hocking to
Alexandria. The price of wheat is firm, but no
sales are made, except for cash."

THE UNITED STATES.

ARRIVAL OF THE AFRICA.

LIVERPOOL, St DAY.
The British and North American royal mail
steamer Africa, Captain Harrison, arrived at this
port from New York last night at ten o'clock. She
brings the usual mails, upwards of 70 passengers,
and about 800,000 dollars specie on freight. She
left New York on the ,th at noon, and has expe-
rienced moderate weather, with a prevalence of wes-
terly winds.
The news taken out by the Baltic from hence on
the 21st September had the effect of causing an im-
mediate advance on all articles of b cadatnffs and pro-
visions, as will be seen by reference to our commer-
cial report.
James G. King, the head of the banking firm of
.1. G. King, and Sons, of New York, died at his resi-
dence on Jersey shore on the 4th inst. in his 83rd
year. Mr. King was long connected with the house
of Prince, Ward, King, and Co., and was a man of
the highest standing amongst the mercantile com-
munity of New York, by whom he was universally
respected.
A violent gale was blowing on Lake Erie on the
4th, and the sea running so high as to prevent ves-
ikely going out. The schooner Strange reports seeing
a wreck about twelve miles up, two miles from the
Canada shore, with three men clinging to the masts,
which alone were visible above the water—heard
their cries and screams as the vessel was driven by,
without any power to aid. The steamer Mississippi
went out to the wreck, but when she reached it
found no man on the mast. She, however, saw the
lifeboat pulling ashore, and supposed it took the
man off.

COMMERCIAL INTELLIGENCE,

NEW Yull►, /pt.!.

A slight improvement is visibleinst.hut thrreis
no firmness in the market. Money remains scarce, under
the more restricted system adopted by the banks of the
city. For business paper of a prime tharomer Bto 9 per
cent. is readily paid.—Loans on demand ou first class secu-
rities i to 8 per cent.
Sterling bills fur to-morrow's steamer closed at 1C0.1; to
110 for hankers' signatures. Franca .5, 13: to 5,12 j. The
advance is fully sustained, and a steady demand continues
at these quotations; London, to 1,10; Faris, 5,14 W
5,12} ; .Amsterdam, 41 to 411 ; -Hamburg, 361 to 381
Bremen, 70: to 811.
CUTTON.—Notwithstanding the unfavourable tenor of the
advice* for cotton, our market has been only shiftily de-
pressed, the quantity offering being small, and the reports
of injury to the growing crop being more general and de-
cisive ; grades above middling are scarce, and bring full
rates, while the lower qualities are neglect. d. The new
crop comes forward slowly, the receipts to last dates being
33,000 ogainst b3,00u same period last year; but the qua-
lity is pour, the bulk being under iniadling. The epidemic
continues to extend through the south, but as the last ac-
counts report the weather as having set in cold, it if hoped
the neat reports will be more favourable.
P.S. 'telegraph from New Orleans, of 3rd., quotes Mid-
dling 10Ic. ; freights to Liverpool, 6 Sd. ; receipts for the
week, 22,000 bales only.
Ordln,u-y. Midi Ming. Mid. Fair. Ff.r.
New Orleans and Mobih 01 to 91 10 to 111 lif tot/nomad
Up:ands end Fiorisla
IinnADSTUFFS.-I.7tieler the influence of continued fa-
vour.iddt advice* from Europa received per Allitri:t and
, our market has been very animated during the Pot
week, and large isles, both for export and speculation, have
been made at an advance of sto Bc. per bushel on wheat,
and 34.) to 40c. per bbl. on tbar. The principal transactions
here have been in wheat, fur whick toe demand is mote
active, and the supidy more abundant. The ardor/
brands if shipping flour are scarce, and the cure qualities
are relative y cheaper. Indian corn has also participated
in the advance, and the market is min. octave at our quota-
tions. The supplies coming forward are still reported to be
unusually large, but the arrivals at present are very light
to:. this season, owing to the heavy pressure of 'night en
our canals and railroads, and the interruptions on the former
from breaks and other causes; by the end of the mouth we
look for increased receipts.

CUAL.—The arrivals of foreign are my innimte, an 4
rtes.: aivaneiner. Liverpool Omit is selling at 10 dolt.
to II par tun. tkoteh Cannel at S dole. We- per
taa-1 watt- v.
l'astutip. —To Liverpool, flour 36. 64. to 4.. per LAI.
lima 12 t.. 15.1 a..1.v.1 per bushel. Cotton 7.32 to 1-1.1. per
it... neatly pods 30, per ton. To Lon.loa, flour 3.. 61.
ptt bbl. Nay..l store. 3.1 6.1. per bbl. Grain 12 to 1..1 per
6.t.c. Wavy roods per ion. To Glasgow, 11,yr
Kt n.
.4s. per buil. Ota;it 12 to 15.1. per bie.bel.
Et.
Go day, 5t1bt,1(6.4 to 110.

SOUTH AMERICAN MAILS.

The Royal Brazilian Mail packet Tay, Capt. It.
Itivett, from the Brazils, &c., arrived at Southamp-
ton on Saturday, and landed her mails under the
charge of Lieut. O'Reilly, R.N., Admiralty agent.
Ihr dates of sailing are:—Buenos Ayres, Sept. 2;
m,,ste Video, 5; Rio de Janeiro, 14; BahM, 19;
Pernambuco, 22; Teucriffe, Oct. 5; St. Vineect,
Sept. :id; Madeira, Oct. 7 ; Lisbon, 10.
The Tay brings 65 passengers, among whom are
bus Exeell. my Sir Charles llotham, Edwd.
Thornton, Esq., secretary of legation; Captain A. T.
ilodiam, 75th Regt., private secretary • W. O.
Ou•eley, FA+, attache ; Martin Tupper fir;od, Esq.,
late consul at Buenos Ayres; the Chevalier St.
George, French minister to River Plate; MM. Brous-
sard and Vurinz, secretary and attache.
kr Majesty's ships at Rio when the Tay left were
ntuur, llonetto, Sharpshooter, and Crescent. On
the lltth of September H.M.S. Express sailed on a
cruin., as did the Trident on the 11th. ll.M.'s brig
Star was at Bahia, at Madeira H.M.'s brig Philomel,
and at Lisbon H.M.S. Leander sod Odin.
BRAZILS.
RIO DE JANEIRO, SEPT. 13.
--•• • - .

_,
‘Vith the exception of large transactions in some
articles of import, generally at still lower quotations,
business has been very dull since last steamer. Little
has been dune in exchange, and the sales of coffee
have scarcely reached 115,000 bags, of which .12,000
were fur the States, and the remainder for the north
of Europe and the Mediterranean. As our stock at
market gradually rose to 200,000 bags dealers have
slightly given way, and prices may be quoted from
100 to 150 ills lower than at the commencement of
the month. At those reduced rates about 10,000 bugs
were taken after the arrival of the Tay.
Our money market is much easier, Lnd money is
plentiful at $ too per cent.
'Die National Bark is at length organised, and the
Counsellor Joao Duarte Lisboa Serra has been nomi-
nated president by the government.
The only political news of importance is the for-
mation of a new cabinet, composed as follows:
~'i.count
l'arana, Premier and Chancellor of the Ex-
chequer; Limpo de Abten, Foreign Affairs; Couto
Ferrsz, Home Department ; Nahuco d'Araujo, Jus-
tice; Alcantara Hellegarde, War and ad interim
Marine.

We estimate the amount of exchange passed fur
this conveyance at 290,0001. on London, 800,0001. on
France, 360,000 m. b. on Hamburg.

BUENOsAYRE;', SErr. 1.

Never were men more grateful for a return of
peace than are the people of this city and province.
The political pressure having ceased business is pro-
secuted with new energy, after a suspension of near
three quarters of a year. In our haste to enjoy the
blessing, perhaps we are too little attentive to the
political safeguards by which it is to be secured.
However, there is one lesson resulting from our late
troubles, which [ think no government could stand
here without respecting. Everybody feels that the
primacy of Buenos Ayres among the Argentine pro-
vinces rests upon her trade and commerce, and 'a not
to be maintained except by preserving peace. We shall
have no wore stupid attempts, for the present at least,
to impose the will of Buenos Ayres upon the other
provinces, such u that made by Arista, which has cut
us a seven months' blockade. In a note to the govern.
ment of Santa Fe, which, like the other provincial go.
vernments, adheres to the cause of Unpile and the
Confederation, Lorenzo Torres, the Foreign Minis'er
of Buenos Ayres, writes that: " The government
wishes peace—it desires progress—it longs to re-
unite the bonds of fraternity—it wishes to re-esta-
blish commerce, and to accord every possible facility
in favour of the other provinces—and since it is sin-
cerely animated by these sentiments, it regards it as
a duty to obviate any sinister interpretation its acts
might suggest."
It is only in this way that peace can be preserved
in the province of Buenos Ayres itself. The people
of the rural districts are very unsettled. It has been
necessary to send General Herne* with a division to
the northern districts, and elsewhere the attitude of
the people is not very assuring. This state of things
is strongly reflected in an address lately issued by
the Buenos Ayrean government to the country
people, which is of a highly comminatory character.
The legislature of this province is in recess. The
government is doing as little as it possibly can in its
provisional state, thus exhibiting at once its wisdom
and its weakness. The elections take place on the
tith, and it is expected will lay a foundation for a
more enduring political structure than we at present
possess. Among the administrative acts of the go-
vernment I should men:ion a decree, dated August
the 6th, subjecting the ports of the province opened
to Lagos to the regulations in force before the Ist of
December, 1552 ; and declaring the port of the ca-
pital the only port for discharging or loading vessels
arriving from or bound to foreign ports. Besides
this a decree withdraws the license of Messrs. Henry
Green and Richard Sutton as ship-brokers, on the
plea that the former had not been enrolled in the
Nations] Guard during the late rebellion, and that
the latter had remained throughout it in the country,
and establishing the general principle—a most ex-
traordinary one as applied to ship-brokers—that
public functionaries, of whatever nationality, are by
the fact of their accepting office, subject to all the
obligations of citizens, at least during the time they
hold said offices.

The work of national organisation is of course
suspended. It is, however, expected that it will be
resumed. General Urquiza has offered his resigna-
tion to the Supreme Constituent Congress, if such a
proceeding will facilitate the attainment of unity,
but it appears not to have been accepted.
A steam mill has been erected by Messrs. Halbach
and Co. in the Plaza Loma. The engine is of 75
horse power, and can despatch 200 fanegas, or about
hOO bushels of wheat daily.

COMMERCIAL INTELLIGENCE.
Rto as JASEIRO, SEPT.I3.
EXCHANOV.—London, 28 to 281, 60 and 90 days ;
France, 345 to 354 ; Hamburg, 640 to 645 ; Stock, 6 per
teat., 101 to 102 ; Ditto Provincial, 99 to 100 ; Sovereigns,
&900 ; Spanish Doubloons, 29.700 to 28.800 ; Dollars,
1.900 to 1.920.

Corral.—Superior, 4 400 to 4.500 ; good first, 4.250 to
4 300; ant ordinary, 4.050 to 4.11./0 ; American assort-
ments, 4:300 to 4.350 ; stock this day, 16.5,000 bags.
filtemate.—White 2 500 to 2.600 ; seconds, 2.300 to
2.4 W ; brown, 1.900
to 2.100 ; stock. 230 boxes.
IblZlOßTS.—Channel, 40s. to 4.55. • Hamburg, 4,111.;
London, Ms. to 405.; United States, 50e. to 60..
The British vessels arrived since the lest steamer left are
the Menne Graham, Prospero, and Balelutha, of Liverpool ;
and the Amaranth, of Greenock. The Eatl Mulgrave
came in on the sth, having put back.
BUNN°. ATIIB, SUPT. 1.
Excitxxos, Sat?. I.—Spanish dollars and Fatacones,
19 ; Patriot doubloons, at 2924 ; Spanish ditto, at 2934 ; Bills
on Euglani, per doubloon, 66s Currency, per dot.,'.
2 11.16 d. The highest price of Patriot doubloons during
the week, 292 ; the lowest, 2904. Highest rata of exchange
on England during the week, 665. 6d. per oz.: lowest, 665.
BAHIA, Bsei. 17,
Business in rn enufactures dull, particularly prints, of
which the Moot is choked up. There has been o little more
demand this month, but long way from 'wive. Brown
sugars advanced to 1,800, mixed brown., or 15s. 4.1. cwt.,
ex 'Weight and commission. Stork about 3,000 tons
all sorts. Shipped of this crop, up to 31st August, 66,400
tons, the largest ever known. Cotton Little here, lest sale
6,100 or 5,87.1 lb., f.0.b., ex freight and 0.111111161.1.11. Es.
change opened at 289., has sinew gone down to 274.1., but
the close will depend upon the southern news, over due.
Ektl6Hl4.-304. has been done Trieste ; 40e. London ;
cee. Bremen, torriatte not abundant. Flour stock 18,500
barrels, retails from 15 dole. V. 21 dots. per barrel.

That with the United States hews date San Jose
!province of Entre Rios), July 27, and is signed on
the port of the United States by Messrs. Robert E.
Schenck and John S. Pendleton.

TILE EASTERN QUESTION AND TILE

PUBLIC MEETINGS.

The following letter, from Lord Beaumont to Lord
Dudley Stuart, will just now be read with interest:
Genera, Oct. 9, 18.53.
_ _

Dear Dudley Stuart,—! observe with satisfaction
that a popular movement is taking place or the
Eastern Question, and that a favourable opportunity
is thus afforded of placing before the public the true
position of the different parties concerned in it. This
is the more necessary, as prejudiced writers and in.
terested journals rave endeavoured to create a general
impression on the subject totully at variance wi:h
the truth. It has been the object of these parties
and their employers to keep up the idea that the
Turkish government is founded on principles of re-
ligious intolerance and opposition to social improve-
ment ; and that Mohammedan institutions are hostile
to personal freedom and scientific progress. What-
ever the Turks, at different periods of their history,
may have been, there is nothing now in the conduct
of either the government or the people of the
Ottoman Empire to justify such an opinion. A
great, albeit a gradual, revolution has been taking
place during more than thirty years in the more
important portions of the empire: one by one, every
law or custom which tended to oppress the rajah or
keep up the barbarous privileges of feadalism has
been abrogated or repealed, class distinctions have
been softened down, and those formidable institu-
tions which were the results of the barbarism of the
I middle sgcs, rather than the consequences of the due-
-1 trines of the Koran, have been all but entirely swept
away. There changes, while they appeared at the
time to annihilate the military superiority of the
empire, have eventually considerably ameliorated its
political position. They have placed the Turkish
government and its Nlahommedan subjects on a level
with the other European nations, and destroyed com-
pletely any argument which could be drawn from
their religion to exelade them from the European
community. Nor have the violent changes ef-
fected by Sultan Mshmoud cooled the mar-
tial ardour or weakened the national en-
thusiasm of the people to the extent to
which the friends of Russia both wished and repre-
sented them to have dune. The effects of that great
monarch's policy are now beginning to show them-
selves. They who talked of Turkey u dead, now
see Laz it us coming out of the tomb. The Porte has,
by its own exertions, placed itself in the ranks of
the great powers of Europe. It has an army and a diet
inferior only to those of the three or four greatest
military states; its ministers of state have displayed
a tact and ability which has thrown western di-
plomacy into the shade; it has organised a national
movement without coufusion, and preserved internal
order without violence. Amidst unparalleled difficul-
ties, arising from foreign complications, it has dis-
played untiring courage,dignified modern t ion ,st raight-
forward action, and consummate skill, mixed with
honour and honesty. S 3 changed is now the
relative position of the different powers in
the east of Europe, that the Crescent
means religious toleration, personal freedom, na-
tional independence, and social order, while the Cross
(whether Greek or Roman) is misused as the banner
of those who would establish religious intolerance,
personal slavery, absolutism in governments, and a
return to the middle ages in literature and society.
The question at issue and the subject at stake are
something far beyond a personal quarrel between the
Czar and the Sultan. The contest is between civili-
sation and barbarism --right and wrong—progress
and retrogression—liberty and tyranny. All this
ought to be put in detail before the public. Nor
ought the difference between the commercial
codes and tariffs of Turkey and other European states
to be forgotten. Beyond al. this, it is eerily shown
how necessary the Sultan's independence as to the
peace of the world and the balance of power in
Europe. The masses seize only the salient points of
a question, and it would therefore be useless
to weary them with the minor details of
this importaot subject. It is unnecessary to
point out at length to them the deceit, insolence,
chicanery, and falsehood of Russia in her recent pro-
ceedings, nor need any one now dwell on the
timidity, folly, ignorance., and subserviency which
dictated the disgraceful Vienna note. The people
overlook the blunders of a government, if they
believe their principles to be right, and should they
now act with energy we need not recall the past
weakness which has led to the present crisis. One
thing ought to be pointed out, namely, that Austria
is not fairly with us ; her fear of Russia binds her to
that power, even though her interests are in the
opposite direction. This very fact of Austria being
at the mercy of Russia makes it the more necessary
to support Turkey, as the only remaining bulwark
agains • t absolutism and barbarism. The mischievous
intrigues of the Greeks must be guarded against, and
it should be shown to them that their only choice is
between a liberal government like the Sultan's and
an iron tyranny like the Czar's. No one who is ac-
quainted in the slightest degree with the east could
imagine an independent Greek empire, or think of
extending the frontiers of the present semi-Bavarian
kingdom. Our policy should be founded on princi-
ples of justice and not on favouritism, we should
make no distinction between Mosle m and Christian,
Greek or Roman, catholic or protestant. Religious
toleration, liberal government, national indepen-
dence, and if you like, commercial freedom are our
doctrines, and whenever circumstances oblige us to
interfere in the affairs of other states, we ought to
urge on thou in whose favour we act the wisdom,
if not the necessity, of adopting our principles. I
find I have written you a rather longer letter than
I intended, but as I am detained here for the present
and cannot conveniently assist at any of the public
meetings about to be held this month, I cannot re-
frain from giving yon a faint outline of the line of
argument and of conduct our friends ought to pur-
sue. Above all I hope no wild scheme of republi-
canism, or democracy, or violent revolutions will be
mixed up with this clear, great, and European ques-
tion, but that it may stand forward on its own
broad basis of right and justice.
I am, yours truly, BEAUMONT.
P.S. Drop me a line to tell me what is going on,
and say if you think parliament will meet before
the usual time.

THE LATE LIEUT. BELLOT.