The Express.
London, England, 1847-10-14 00:00:00

/7
t_Ze.
47- _
4: • eze

The soap this pooh to se,y—" By the Own update tt I
tik.K..... will be wen that the of the peeped ceethethe Iris thew 1
&Peed to: the Jain' Weil haajt diteelthe but ant
a t Rai to ; the Mb. sod Tth sbkß etatntthe the hole of Mr.
MAO peopert. oat Ow hotorta oda coarldemeo eat
do afloat lbw Fitt boo anted, Oars It Oteoteed.
IMO sin Iwo& kneed veopeedag the • ma .1.0
Ideas Is lho Ohs sal dadoello al thibe, the bolo
1 his heels off oar Oa dleemOsa of &rade kb. the
Ow poseate kW to Yeetidy Os meow talon he Os porisnment,
. ititheethejihlde drive. to Wag oboe a yoUtc=== ma-
= tbe PirliNemard"sire 'Xi= NO mai *rye
' obllied to Os lamb aid Wl* atelso, oad dat=ll.4,•pon
soreadderalia of the Orb =WO olio WO
' odd be aregall vlisattahlagtog the kareldie MEOW alp:
tio wed dr not whoa roseohlia, Obit they haw OW,
ode, of Os petiole weeostoty sad hilegordises 0 the taelmleta.
to,, tad of the trade, ratiodeg Whoa than.

MARRIAGE OF THE MA1431318 OE KILDARE AND
THR LADY CAROLINA LiTZSON GOWEIL—The betroth-
!Kent of the Lady Caroline Lennon Gower and the Marquis
of Kildare, eldest son of the Doke of binder, was an-
nounced some months since. Their marriage was to have
been celebrated en the 30th ult. ; but, owing to the non-
completion of some of the arrangements, the event wee ne-
cessarily postponed, and the ceremonial took place yesterday,
at Trentham. Shortly before eleven o'clock the doors of
the village church, which closely adjoins, and is entered from
the mansion, were thrown open, and at twenty-five minutes
to twelve the bridal procession left the principal drawing-
room, and, paring through the conservatory, proceeded along
the corridor to the church. The bride, who looked exceedingly
beautiful, and was most superbly attired, came first, resting
on the arm of her noble father, the Duke of Sutherland.
Her ladyship was attended by four bridesmaids, viz , her
sister, the Lady Caroline Leveson Gower, the Ludy June
Fitzgerald, Miss Lasalle* and Miss Henrietta Laseelles. The
Duchess of Sutherland followed, walking with Lord Kildare.
The Duke of Bedford came next, leediog the Duchess of
Argyll; the Duke of Leinster next, with the Lady Blantyre;
the Duke of Devonshire next, with the Duchess of Bedford;
the Duke of Argyll text, with Lscly Caroline Lucent.; the
Marquis of Stafford, Lord Frederick Leveson Gower, end
the other members of the party following in succession. The
service was performed by the limy. E. J. Edwards, at the
close of which the noble lord and her ladyship signed the
usual record in the register of the parish of Trentham, the
Duke of Sutherland, the Duke of Leinster, the Duke of
Bedford, the Duke of Argyll, the Duke of Devonshire, end
the Marquis of EDdare being tits attesting witnesses. At a

441 r

reir—rns 'Orthiainargrinti finitti,titiarte—retrterlfretceillr
Kildare, and drawn by four grey horses, drove up to the
principal entrance, and immediately afterwards, the happy
pair haring taken leave of their friends, entered it and drove
off amid the salutations of those assembled in the direction
of Lilleshall, the noble duke's seat in bhropshire.
LIVERPOOL,WEDNESDAY.—The Boston and Halifax
royal mail stesm.ship Britannia, Captain Harrison, with the
North American mails, may be expected to arrive in the
course of to-morrow es ening. Various statements having
been put forth, to the effect that the Britannia would not
leave on her regular day, in consequence of the slight ami-
d. nt she met with on her outward passage off the toilet of
Newfoundland, we have made inquiries at the agents' here,
who, having received letters from Captain Harrison, have
every reason to believe that she would leave Boston on the
Ist inst., as usual.
TIIE SPIRIT DUTIES.—The Lords Commissioners
of her Majesty's Treasury have siga Med to the Commis-
sionen of the Customs, through their secretary, Mr. Tee-
velyan,i that baring had before them the board'e report,
representing that they (the board I have received a c3mmuni-
cabin from the Board of Excise, enclosing the opinion of
the law officers of the Crown, to the effect " that under the
3rd section of the act 10 Viet., cip. 23, foreign brandy can-
not he removed from England to Scotland, except from the
bonded warehouse ;" their lordships authorise them to com-
municate the opinion M question to the officers throughout
their department. In pursuance of this communication,
constituting an order of the Lords Commiesioners of her
Majesty's Treasury, directions to the effect contained therein
has,. been furnished to the officers of the revenue throughout
the kingdom, as will as at the port of London, for their in-
formation and future government. With reference to the
recent general order of tho board, which set forth that,
"questions having arisen as to whether the provisions of the
act 10 Vic., cap 23, had reference to any other description
of spirits than those contained in the table annexed to that
art, it was to be considered and construed that they had
reference to no other deKription of spirits than those con-
tained in the table annexed to the said set," which order is
to be d.emed cancelled; and the officers of the department
have further been directed to observe that the prohibition
contained in the section of the act alluded to is to be con-
sidered to apply to all foreign spirits.
INVALUABLE ADVICE TO RAILWAY DIRECTORq.—
It the morning is wet, you should issue orders to have all
the third-class carriages thrown open instantly; but if the
miming is tine, then have them closed as fast as you can.
By this arrangement you will have the second and first-class
carriages very nicely filled—and your pockets also.—Punch.

- - -
ATTEMPT OP TWENTY-SIN CONVICTS TO BREAK
OUT or MARTBOROUGH GAOL —On Thursday evening,
about half-past five o'clock, 26 prisoners, under sentence of
transportation, endeavoured to effect their escape from the
gaol of Maryborough. The following are the circumstances
connected with the attempt. It seems that several Prisoners
were returning to their respective yards from school, when
those belonging to No. 3 class, 26 in number, seized their
turnkey, deprived h;m of the key, end then locked him
up in the washroom. Another turnkey, who came into
the ward at the time, was also locked up. The prisoners,
who were all convicts, armed themselves with stone-
hammers, and two of them inserted a couple of
shoemaker's knives on long poles, so as to render them
available like pikes. Having opened the gate of their
class, they proceeded to the adjoining one, No. 2, in which
was the prison forge. Here they possessed themselves of
h amours of the sm;thy, and sallied dos n towards the visiting
gate en masse. The governor (Mr. Wilson) happening
to perceive them rushed through them, and reached the
gate, when about one-half of them had passed it. He,
after a struggle, succeeded in shutting the gate, when one
of the party inside aimed, through the hers, a blow
of a hammer at his head, which cut the leaf of his hat,
and, at the same time, shattered the hand of another
convict, who was striving to force the gate. The gate
being locked, those inside retired, u if to their dux,
but in reality with intention to release the prisoners of
the other classes. The party that lied passed the
visitors' gate now rushed towards that which communicates
with the porter's lodge, and the residence of the deputy-
governor. Among these were James Dillon, charged with
murder, bet sentenced to ten years' transportation for
cow-stealing; the three men under sentence for the attack
0,1 Mr. Cullen's house, near Mountrath ; and John O'Brien,
under sentence for burglary at Money, near Stradbelly.
The turnkey, Henry Dawson, who was going his rounds
at the time, ran to the alarm bell when he saw the
prisoners ' • but one of them caught his bands, and
attempted to brain him with a stone-hammer. Having
extricated himself from the fellow's grasp, he ran to the
gate, where Dillon was smashing at the lock with a heavy
sledge, and another man ready to plunge the long knife on
the pole through the bars. At this juncture, the gatekeeper,
Thomas Pratt, came out with a gun, end discharged it at
Dillon, when he and his party fell back for a moment or
two; but no wound being inflicted, they returned to the
attack. In the meantime Mr. Lewis' the deputy governor,
handed Henry Dawson a gun with a fixed bayonet through
the bars, and proceeded to load other fire-arms for him-
self and Pratt. Dawson neat presented his gun at
Dillon, but misfired. Dillon flung by the sledge and
took to his heels, while O'Brien rushed in on Dawson
with intent to disarm him. While attempting to do
so, the latter stabbed him three times with the
baronet. This so disheartened the desperadoes that Dillon
called them off, saying at the same time it was "no go."
In the meantime the governor had all the other turkeys
collie ed. and succeeded in getting the prisoners into their
clams. They were subsequently placed in irons. O'Brien's
wounds were dressed by Dr. Jacob. They are not mortal;
and, though labouring under acute pain, he swears he will
not leave the prison until he has some person's life. The
whole occurrence did not occupy more than eight minutes.
The sheriff investigated the case, and is of opinion that no
blame can be attached to any of the officers of the prison.—
Leiasfer Express.
- - •

40

PRINCE EDWARD'S ISLAND.-A deputation is now
in London bearing a petition to government not to renew
the appointment of the present governor of Prince Edward',
Island. Circumstances have for some time rendered a con-
tinuation of Sir Henry Veer Ifuntley in his office anything
but desirable, and the well-being of the colony would, no
doubt, be served by the appointment of tome other gen-
tlemen fur the administration of its affairs. Indeed, no
other course would seem to be at all politic, from the num-
ber and station of those who object to his peculiar course
of action. The deputation consists of the Hon. Mr. Pups,
Speaker of the House of Assembly, the Hon. Mr.
Palmer, representative of Charlottetown, and And. Duncan,
E-q., one of the principal merchants of the island. The
second-named gentleman was a member of the Executive
Council, and only resigned his seat at the board in conse-
quence of his own and the pubic lei ling with regard to this
question. The petition bears the names of all the sheriffs,
36 justices of the peace, 43 commiasionera holding judicial
offices, and about 4,300 electors, including 01 the pnncipal
mircheuts end other inhabitants of the island; and the
pnyer of the petition is supported by the recorded opinion
of a maj;,rity of the present members of the Muse of
Assembly itself.—Liverpool Mercia7.

N0.351.] LONDON, THURSDA'

on the market, and among them the broker
said to act for Messrs. Coatis and Co., the
oorresponding house for the Scotch banks. It is
difficult under circumstances to conjecture where the
panic will stop, and it is thought the day will not be
got over without several failures among the stock-
jobbers themselves. The Bank directors are sitting,
this being the regular board-day, and much anxiety
prevails about the result of their deliberations, which
will not probably be made known, however, till two
o'clock, or nearly.
The market is still in a feverish state, but with •
slight reaction upon the previous fall. Console are
now called 80; to 14 money, and 81; to 2 for Nov.
Two o'Clock.—Consols are now rather better, at,
824 to for November, and about 814 to money.
The Bank broker has been selling large amounts of
stock from the box, but has now concluded. Amongst
BOW large takers of stock may be named Sir Isaac
Lyon Goldsmid, one of the capitalists who subscribed
for a considerable portion of the eight millions loan.
To this hour no notice has appeared at the Bank,
from which it is concluded the directors have aban-
doned the intention, supposed to be entertained, of
raising the minimum rate of discount to 6 per oent.
Threes Reduced are 80 to 1- ; Three-and-a-Quarter
per Cents., 811; Exchequer Bills, 27e. to 22e. dis-
count; Bank Stock, 178 to 182.
N 3 business at all has been done in foreign stacks,
which nominally, therefore, remain as per last goo-

ZNOLISI
Rank Punk, 178 8?
3 per Ct. Red. Nom. 81, *
3 j.er Ct. Cow. Rtuts.etfl j
onanlx tor :11‘

.3.13:W(..:1.70exer. for N0v..81: 1
3; 'or Cent,. tilt
Exttequer WI; 27x. to 21m. dla
member. 841 1

FOREIOI
Iypeer Ct. hultrlan Daub,. P 1 6
r Ct. Barba H00d.% ST 9
2 per Colt. ditto,
per Ct. Hracilton Ms., 76 7
Mut. New, 73 6
6 per Ct. Hueco. Ayr*, 1W.., 33
I.ltto Milian MP, 65
DM. Cohunh. Def. WI,.
Cu:ufnhiau Eiteplur 21 3
3 per Ct. Dan6h ltd.. Su 2
Iper Ct. Dutch 52111
4 per Ct. Cert. Dutch. SI 3

Grenada Dala, ITI 184
(;reuada Deferred Bda., 32 I
per Mezlean, Diad, Itl
per Ct. Perurlan 114,, 3'2
PortueuzNe Cony. !WA. 21 3
S ler Cl. Ruaokan 101 6
Dittn Scanty& IT* Ist
3 per Ct. Spanish Ma.. 24 74
NADIA'. Deferred 144.,13 le
ylc Paadve 34
2 per rt. Venezuela Bda, 31 5
Venetue/a Deffueol Bda.. tl 10

RAILWAYS.—It is almost impossible to obtain
any quotations for shares, as the dealers are so exclu-
sively occupied with the settlement in Consols. All
that can be said is, that prices are all in decline, lind
the market greatly depressed.

SALES EFFECTED UP TO TWO THIS DAY IN LONDON.
(Yesterday's prices will he found In last pag).
Air. Sr Oxford Jn., Iff 174 Lanc. k Carlisle Thirds, 114
Mr., %vols., & Dudley, 131 Lon. and S. Western, 33 3
Bristol and Exeter Thirds, 10 D. 301. shares, New, 231 64
Buckinghtinshire, 41 34 d 1)0. Thirds, 14 1 41
Caledonian, 331 Man., Bus., and Mat., 1
Do. Ilsfres, II
Ches. ft Holyhead, 16 31kiland, 104 2
Do. 40/., 39
Do. Pref., 34 Do. 30/.. 7
E. Qsintles, 131 16 Norfolk, 90
Do. Perpetual 5 per Cent, No.l, I North British, 241 4
1 d Do. Qrs.. 31
Do. York Este., 71 North Staffordshire, 7 61
E. Lencashire, 13 'Shrews. and Sinn., Class A, 21
E. Lincolnshire, 81 S. E. and Doerr, 27
Gt. Northern. 7/ 1 Do. No. 3, 81
Gt. North of England, 218 D. No. 4, 31
Gt. Western, 96 York, New., & Berwick, 19 9
Do. Haines, 36 7 Do. (Orig. Newt. & Oct.), 261 6
Do. Qr.. 13 1 Da. Exton. No. 1 (York and
Do. Fifths. 22 Newt.), 101 1
Do. New 171. ell., 7 Do. No. 2 (Nest. and Ber.),
Hull and Selby, 97 fli Isl
ILan. k York. Qrs., 111 Do. G. E. Purchase, 871
Do. Fifths, 64 6 York On N. Yioland E. k W. R.
Do. W. IL U., 31 d Ea., 211
Lou.,rief., & S. Coast, 391 9 Dutch Rhenish, 24
Do. (Lea. Eighths, 10 Namur & Lime, 31 3
Lon. and N. Western, 1481 7 IN. of France, 10 91
L Do. Qrs. . k 8., 24 Paris end Lyon, 41
Do. New Qrs., 71 Park and Rowe, 33 4
Do. Fifths, 10 I Bunter and Meuse, 5/
Do. 101. sh. M. St B. (C), 4 j West Ikeda*, 2111
LIVERPOOL BALER, OCTOM 13.
Birk., Lane., k Ch. .In., RI d Ind MidlaMaher, 2 d
E. Counties, 161 Do. Coe. Kra k Derby, 80
Lan. On York. (late M. and L. &E. k Dover, 2U
Valls). 1 p I Do. New No. 4,2/ d
Do. Fifths (late w.R.r.). 21 d York, New., and Ber. (N. and
end. & N. Western, 1494 9 B. Ex.. No. 3).4 p
Do. Qrs., 10) p Bolton, Blackb.,Othh.,/k W.York.
Do. New Qrs., 6 p (Pref. 6 per Cent.), 1 p
ISM. Sheffield, k Line. Qrs., N. litsfßrdshlre, i d
No. I, i p Shrews, Osw., dk Chesil. 101. sh.
Do. Pref.,/ d (guar. 8 per tnnt.), lit
Dilland,LOS
._ . Dutch Rhenish, 41 Is.
ALES, Ormon 11.
Manelk, SW. lk Lin., 6 d
N. titordshi r, 1 d
Oldham Alliance, 11 d
Preston sod Wyre, 331
Shropshire Union. 21 a
S. E. k Darer, 281
Ds.(es. st 101.),N0.4, 21d
York, New., and Ber. Eatension
(No. 1). 1 p

fllrken., Lan., k SI d
Bolton, Blackburn. CIIQ., Sc W.
Yorke. Pref. (s), d
F- Lancashire New Qrs., I d
Great Northern, 51 d
Lane. ft Yorkshire, I d.

it7theon,—.
L. & N. W. (M. s B.) Qrs. (C),
1
Mane., Past, & Lis. Pref., 4 d

8111.111Ni:111AM
Londont N. Syeptero,... 130

LI.E.S. °ennui 13.
blirci“.&lllrni. (A). 31 d
shrolr+hin Union. d
S. Milffordshire, 36a. 31. d

Do. gra., L. & IL, 10 1,
Air., Wol., &Stour Valley, t d
N. Staffordshire, 0.. 3d. I d

•
LEEDS SA
Ambrrsrstes, Ma. ed. d
Gt. Northern, St d
K Lancashire Qrs., 275, 6d. d
W. FL Union, 27.. d
N. ltritith Thirds, Is. ed. d
Carlisle Extension, Js. d

Ormszn 13.
New Thinks, 14. d
North Staffordshire, 7s. d
Nor:h Western, 9Se. 3 d
& &r. New, 11., 9d. 10s. p
Fit and West Yorkshire, 7e d

YORK SALE!
Great Snrtbern, 21. 134. 6d.
Ito. It Bury Pt. E. ►st kr. Gate
Cam. and Ely), M. h.
Man., Bus., Mat., & Mid., j

Oerosrs 13.
North British Thirds, 18s.
Yk.. New., & Her. Er. No.l, 121
Do. (Lite New Berwick.) No. 2,
31 31. lls.
Eft, Crerowt 12.
lirosehrs. t South., Bs. srs. 3d.
Shrews., Cowes., A Chester, Suer.
8 per MIL, U. Cs. 641.

GLASGOW 0
Arndtire k OaHoene, Cu 6d.
Dundee * Northern .10. RJn
Dundee & Perth Qr., 48.. 6d.
Glue, And., a Monk. Jn., SO&

PRODUCE.—MINCING-LANE. Hal fpcmt Tiro.—
This has been a very quiet and inactive day. The public
sales have been few and unimportant, not embracing any
Sugar, which article must be coneidered without alteration,
as compared with yesterday; but a gloom hear over it, ne-
cessarily arising from the continuous difficulties which the
importers of Mantitius publicly sustain. The refined market
has also been very dull. Low brown lumps have
been sold at 52s ed. in ono or two instances, although 535.
is the nominal quotation.—Coffee dull.—Cotton inactive.—
Rise tolerably steady.—The Indigo sale is progressing
heavily.—Rum continues dull.—Tea without alteration.—
The large public sales adv, rtiaed for to-morrow, consisting of
about 20,000 bags, composed of Mauritius, Bengal, and
Madras, attracts attention in the present untoward Mate of
the market.

PRICES CURRENT.

RVOIM, par red. DOTI 1.04.
W. India,B.P.bwa. 34e. 00.335. Od
Yellow &Greg 36 6...43
Floe 4l 0...46
Mauritius, brows 29 0.. 33
Yellow 37 0...41
Fine 39 0. 47
Bengal &Modes., b 29 0...3i
Yellow 33 0...39
White 39 0...47
Stig:4brown„ 74 0. 43
03
Grey and white 39 0..47 0
Rearwil, Hombre 6O 0...86 o
Loan.. 53 6..38 6
Corms, la Bond.
Wed ludla, ordi-
nary
Goal.
36 0 . CO 0
Flue 95 0...130 0
Ceylon, good aril!
nary . 13 6... Si 6
Fine ordinary... 49 0... 311 0
Fine 4O 0... 80 ni
Modta, good to6ne3ll 0... 92 0
Coats Rica. or*
Dory to One IS 0... 52 0 1
Sumatra sad Fa-
ding 24 0... 28 0 1
Tay at per lb.
Congoa,corrunow. 0 Ai .. 0 9 i
Rice, at per eon.
Cenral white .. . 13 0... 1G 0
Cargo 9 G... 11 0
Jura l3 0... 17 0
Pats I 22 0.. 24 0
Chrol.ns . 2O 0... 30 0
SrIRITIN i

E LO 0... 0
noose II 15... 0
Cargo at Cardiff bar 0 0... 0
Swedish ll 5... 0
Lean, at per ton.
Pig, beat l3 10 . 0
Allied, sheet l9 5... 0
Bars . 22 0...0
Patent "th73t 2l 0... 0
red or minima
Speller 2O 0...211
Osi.4, per 252 lop. gal. d.p.
Fisk Beat, pale 2B 0.. 28 1
straw 27 0...0
brown .k yellow- 24 11.. 23 1
8 elf7.lBd 90.00, 04.
Cad 27 10 .. 0
Mouth Sea 27 0... 0
Olive,(l4l3lpoil,p.ton 47 10...49
Coots Nat B3 0...70
geed, Raps, P4lO
per ton 37 10 . 3$
Linseed 23 10... 0
PSO•11.10100, per ant.
Batter—Cork, Ist_ 90 0...02 •
2nd 0 0 0
3rd 0 0... 0
Dublin, Ist 0 0... 0
Limerick, do B7 0. 90
Carlow, let
Boers, Ist 0 0... 0
Waterford B3 0 A 3
Beef, India, per
tierce
Prime Mesa 0 0... 0
Pork, prime mess B2 0-113
Sawn-Pork, Lark 100 0.42
Do., Belfast
Bacon, Waterford,
per ewL 72 0..10
Belfast
I""rd'l3'll"4Nfrk 154 0.. 61 0
teaterfo do
Ditto Bladder
American
Blow, Oo and Cow, atper lb.
B. A. and M. Video,
B.A.
OA 5d 718
Salted 0 3 A 31
11r.iicil, dry 0 44...0 6
Crysitheil 0 4 0 41
Rio, dry 0 41 0 51
Lima k Valp. dry 0 3 ...0 6
West India, dry 0 4 ...0
Salted 034.644
Past India 0 4 0 101
b.." B. Arms, dry 0 7 ..0
Itioada, dry 0 81...0 9
9. Amer.llorse, per
bale 3 0...11 8
Bums* ditao 6 0... 0 6
Bra Wool., at per toe.
Lorworsl, Jamaica-B's 0... 3 10
I [endures 5 3... 5 15
Campeschy
rustle, Jamaica 3 10... 0 10
Nicaragua, Brea and
solid 9 0...16 0
9mall.
Lima 10 10...16 13
Rama 10 10...18 6
Bed Sanders. 5 0... 5 10
Brant 10 0.-30 0

Rum at per
Lecmird l+land
Proor
D..mer.us, 26 to
91 per cant.
o.r. ..... 10 ... 3 10
Jamaica, 30 to 36
per cent. o.l'. 310 4 4
Pavuurite marks 4 6 ... 5 e
Brairly, bramb 4 6... 3 2
British apt/8.20Lp lO f 0 0
/Mobil
IrbO lO G 0 0
Ras. per tort.
£45 0...52 0
FL Ntersbuir, 9
buul 0 0... 0 0
Dutch and nimbi 55 0...35 0
FricaLmil
Haar, at per ton.
Stretershur6,ckea69B 0...40 0
out.hot
hair clean
nine 38 0...40 u
outahot
paws
Manilla
Past India 901111 l6 0...18 0
Bombay 3B 0...14 01
Jute
Too, at pet Met
Baum 84 0... 0 0
Strait+
Com. in bllelta 66 0... 0 0
laos, at per traL
Ban £OlO SO 01

Vortll

EVENING OCT. 14, 1847. [3d.

TALLOW.—Tho market is quiet; for forward
delivery rather weaker. Petersburg Y. C. on the 'pot,
465, 3d. to 48s. 93. ; all the year delivery, 465. 64. ; January
to March delivery, 48s. 6d.

CORN.-Boston, Oct. 13.-Oar farmers bring
out Wheat more freely this week, and prices gave way Is. to
2s. per qr.; there is some demand for clean selected ramples
for soaping, at late prices. Oats have lees attention, with
more offering. New Beans are 2. per qr. higher. Wheat,
red, 480. to 645. ; white, 60s. to Ms. Oats, 20s. to 255.
Be*.,, new, 44.. to 484. ; old, 535. to 635. ; to thu grower.
CHICHESTER, Oct. 13.-We had a large supply of Wheat
at market to-day; demand very dull; millers still purchasing
very sparingly. A moderate supply of Barley, which sold
rather more freely. Other grain in short supply. Lent
Wheat.,, 665. to 60s. ; millers, 523. to 5Gs. Barley, 30. i. to
335. Oats, 2301. to 28s. Beans, 40s. to Ms. Peas, 425. to
445. Flour, 41a. per sack.
HALESWORTH, Oct. 12.-At market to-day our trade in
Wheat and Barley underwent but little change ; the former
was a slow sale at lace figures, and the latter moved off
freely at our quotations. No other grain shown. Peas and
Beans were particularly scarce. We have bad nice showers;
still more would prove beneficial. Wheat, white, 50.. to
60s. per qr. ; red, 445. to 63.. Barley, 28s. to 335. &IRS
and Peas, 40s. to Vv. Oats, 245. to 28e.

HAYWARD% HEAVY, Oct. 13.—Wheat was dull sale;
but little business done, farmers not being enabled to take
the prices offered. Oats, Beans, and l'eas steady isle.
Wheat, old, *white, 141. 101. to 101.; new, 131. 104. to
141. 10s. old, red, 131. 10.. to lif • new, 131. to 131. 10s.
30.. to 36.. Oats, 206. to 225. Beans, 425. to 44,.
Peas, 39.. to 40e.

Nest pewaasq Oct. 12.—dt assrlest this day there
was again a large supply of Wheat, and the trade ruled dull,
lat from 6d. to Is. per lead decline in value. Bexley a short
supply, and la. per qr. dearer. Beans and Peas at late rates.
' Wheat, old, 34a. to 36e. ; new, 30s. to 345. W. Barley,
malting, 335. to 375. per imperial quarter; grinding, 304. to
32e. Beans, old, 341. to 365. ; new, 28s. to 301. per 5 bushels.
NZVICASTLE, Oct. 12.—The weather since this day
se'nnight has been for the most part of a damp character,
copious rains having fallen between Tuesday last and Satur-
day. since which a mild temperature has prevailed, which
will prove of essential service to the country. At our
market this morning we had a large supply of Wheat
from the growers; and, having several arrivals coastwise,
business could only he promoted by submitting to a decline
of 2a. per qr., at which reduction a pretty general clearance
was effected. South country new red, of average quality,
wads 625, ; and white from 625. to 64e. per qr., weighing
63 p-r bushel respectively. In foreign the transactiios
were to a limited extent, but in its value we have little
variation to note. Being liberally supplied with Flour,
sales have in consequence been scarcely so free as of late,
hut 445. still continues to be made of extra households ; and
464. of whites; other sorts selling in proportion. lu Rye
not muck doing. Malting Barley in more request, and as
our maltaters are now generally commencing, we may
look for a steady. demand being experienced. Suffolk
qualitica, weighing a 3 lbs. per bushel, command 335.; extra
up to 36.. per qr. Fine seas 'n-made Malt is more inquired
fur, and the turn dearer. Beans and Peaunaltered; and
the same may be said of Oats.

Romroun, Oct. 13.—The following are our quotations of
to-day : Wheat, 495. to 604. Barley, 325. to 335. ; grinding,
275. to 301. Oats, 224. to 30s. Beans, 31s. to 18s. Peas,
10s. to 141. Rye, 325. to 361.
Rya, Oct. 13.—The general opinion is that prices must
conic down as soon as seed-time is pared, and sowing pro-
gresses rapidly. We had today a very good supply of
Wheat, both white and brown. The quotatioos of the mar-
ket are as follows: Wheat, white, 611bs. to 621b5., 60s. to
555. per qr.; brown 601bs. to 6311 w., 48s. to 50s. Barb y,
Ws. tolos. Osts, 22u. to 265. Beans, 38s. to 465. Peas,
white, 41s. to 50s ; grey, 10s. to 14s.

Duntitr, Oct. 12.—The supply to our Corn market to-day
was small, and all kinds of grain met a brisk demand, at ad-
canoed prices. Wheat must be noted Is. to Is. &I.; grinding
Barley and Bare, 6d. to Is.; and Oats, 3d. to 6d. dearer than
on Friday. Indian Corn dull, at about that day's currency.
Wheat, white, new, 265. to 31s. 61.; red, 235. to SOs.
Barley, 16s. Gal. to 17s. Bare, new, 12s. to 13s. Oats, new,
I ls. to 134. per barrel. Oatmeal, 14.. 6d. to 16.. 6d.. Flour,
seconds, per cwt., 17a. 6d. to 206. Indian Cern, per 4801 b.,
26s to 365.

BELFAST, OCT 11.-The supply of Wheat at our maeket,
sine° Friday, has been very moderate, and an advance of
3d. per cwt. has taken place in the above article. In Indian
Corn, Meal, town-manufactaired Floor, American Flour,
Oatmeal, Barley, and Oats, we have no alteration to notice in
prices since our last report. The following are our quotations
Indian Corn, white, 91. to 91. 10. ; yellow, 81. to 8!. 10e.
per ton. Indian Corn Meal, white, 101. to 101. sr. ; yellow,
W. to 91. 10.. per too. Ryemeal, Russian, 7s. to Bs. 6d. per
cwt. Wheat, red, las. 6d. to 10s. 9d. ; white, 9e. 6d. to I la.
Flour: Prices at Inver-mills, superfine, 22a. . • bakers', tints,
20s. ; seconds, 19s. ; thirds, 18e. ; fourths, 10s. Bran, 7s.
per cwt. American, 295. 6d. to 31s. per barrel. (Oatmeal,
130. to II( 3d. per cwt. Oats, se. 6d. to 7s. Barley, 6s. to
is. 34. Wheatenmeal, lis. to 14e. 6d.

110 PS. BOROUGH MARKET, Two o'Clock. --
Messrs. Pattenden and Smith, Hup.factors, report that
at Weyhill Fair yesterday, at the close of the day, but very
few of either the Farnham or country Hope had been *old ;
there war, however, a fair trade done in Kent and Sussex
Hops, by sample, at about late prices. It is thought, that
unless the Farnham and country gentlemen make a great
reduction in priest very few will find purchuers. In our
market prices remain the same, with •good demand. Duty
190,0001.
New 311 d tc K. !Lento V. oto 51. 6 Itemilin Xenia 0-cwt. 21.10 to yin
New Weald of Kane 3 oto 4 4I Yearling elem. „ 213t0 3 3
New Sae:

WORCEBT6II, Oct. 13.—There was a further decline in the
prices is our market on Saturday. Last week 70e. to 84s.
was obtainable for new Hope, but there was a decline on
most samples of from 41. to Ls. per cwt. Sales were effected
only by those growers who were driven to part with their
stock. The large quantity of Hope grown this year in Kent
and Sussex, when compared with the trifling stock raised
this year in the Worcester district, tends greatly to depreciate
the value of the latter; but the present critical state of the
money-market, and the scarcity of money everywhere,
exercise a very material influence upon this market. The
following is the number of pxkets weighed in the week
new, 118 ; old, 242. Saturday last : new, 122 ; old, 40.

WETHILL Fain, Oct. 13.—This day trade was dull till
towards afternoon, when many dealers came into the fair;
yet, the prices demanded being higher than buyers would
give, many refrained from purchasing till to-morrow. The
quantity of pockets brought into the Farnham-row amounted
to but 1,106 pockets; laat year, 4,467. The prices asked for
the but new, from 81. to 91. per cwt.; for last year's 61. to
61. 10s. ; this year's, like last, is excellent in quality, and
particularly useful for the copper. To show the difference
between the yield of last year and this, the following report
may be relied upon as being authentic : Mr. Crump, from
60 acres, in 184 G, had 40 tons; in 1847, 60 cwt., not more
that an eighteenth part. Mr. Smith, from 26 acres, last
year, 20 tons; this year, but 3 tons, supposed tube one of the
best yields in Farnham. Mr. John Stevens, from 32 acres,
has but one ton and a half. Mr. Peacock, from 61 acres,
but 4 bushels to an acre. Mr. Pain, the largest grower is
Farnham, from 140 acres, but 40 tons this year; last year,
from the male land, 180 tons. Mr. John Andrews, from GO
acres, has this year but 33 pocket., or about 1 cwt. per acre.
In Farnham about 1,200 acres are planted with Hops ; and
this year but 1,300 pockets were stamped by the excise. In
the country rows there were brought 3,960 pocket. for sale,
being within 500 In number of last year's. The chief sellers
were Messrs. Andrews, Crandall-Lodge, Crendall; Hunt,
do ; Messrs. Bagent and Shotter, Bloused ; Inwood, do. ;
Powell, do.; Andrews, do. ; Moore, do. ; Cobden, do. ;
Wheeler, do. ; Hawkins, de. ; Langrash, do.; Messrs. Spicer,
Osborne, Trimmer, &c., of Alton; Mears. Egger, Payne,
&c., of Bentley; Meters. Bunsingbam, Knight, &c.,
Froyle; Mr. Chalcroft, of Bramshot ; Mr. Gunner, Willball ;
Mr. Butler, Grestham, and many others from Odiham and
Burvrash, in Sussex. There were a good number from other
parts of Sussex. The quality of country Hops vary very
much this year ; for some of the best from 5/. to 61. per cwt.
is asked ; moderate, 41. to 61. ; while some ink rior and year-
Bawl can be purchased at from 2/. to 3/. per cwt. In the
London-row, we found the offices open of the following Lon-
don factors:—Moors. Field and Wood, Mes•rs. Penchans,
Watson, and Co.; Mr. Richardson. Borough; Messrs.
Teolon and Co.; Wakeman and Co., London-bridge; Rus-
sell, Borough ; Trimmer, Calloway, Price, and Leak.; Oib •
bona and Co. ; Pattenden and Smith ; .1. D. Evans, &c., &c.
The prices asked by them ran from 21. 10.. up to Gt. per cwt.
for all hut larnhams ; for those, from 61. 10,. up to 81. Bs.
The trade generally very dull, not one.fourth finding pur-
chasers. Tao iseneril impression is, that a great reduction
mutt bo submitted to by the growers before they will be able
to sell many.
PAYMENT or THE TIM' Duvr.—A 11UnlerOut meeting
of the hop growers in the East Kent district was held on
Saturday, at Canterbury, to take into consideration the pro-
priety of applying to the Board of Excise for a postpone-
ment of the period for the payment of the duty fixed for
November next, when the following resolution was curried
unanimously: " That a committee of the following gentlemen
be appointed for the purpose of carrying out the opinion of
this meetinr, that an application be made in the proper
quarter to obtnin a postponement of the payment of the hop
duty payable in November next, and that such committee
do immediately take such steps as they consider proper for
effecting this object ; Right Hon. S. R. Lushington ; J. P.
Plumptre, Esq., M.P. ; W. Deedes, Esq.. M.P.: Sir B.W.
Bridges, Bart. ;- Sir E. C. Hering, Btrt. ; N. J. Knatchbull,
Esq. ; W. 0. Hammond, Esq. ; J. Neame, Esq. ; and
C. Neame, Esq.

HAY.—SurrariELD, T eoe J Clock.-I%iessrs. Cooper
and Dario. Hy and Straw Salesmen, report the trade at the
following quotations :
Prime lloadow 70. k. to Ma Rowell .... e. to Straw.. 271 to
luforlor

CATTLE, &c.—CmcnEsrEe., Oct. 13.—There
as,s a good supply of fat stock this day, price. rather lower
for Beef and Mutton. Fat Beef, best quality, 4s. 4d. to
4s. 61. per stone of 811 x ; inferior sorts, 3s. Bd. to 4s. South-

down prime Mottos, 4.. 84. to 1.. 10.1. ; inferior, 4s. 2.1. to
4.. 4d. Veal, H. 41. to 4.. 6d. Purk, 4.. Al. to 45. 10d. by
the carcass ; 'Maud* Pork for salting, ss. 4d. ; at-re .
12.. to 16.. cub. Suckling Calves scams and dearer.
DlDttY.—At this fair there was a sante/hat scanty sup-
ply of Cattle and Sheep. Fat Mutton fetched 7.1. per Ib.,
and more Sheep sold et 2s. or 3.. per head more than the
fat Sheep. Beef wsa 64. to 61d. per lb. Th,re were but few
Horace, and those of a vary middling description.
Thanwica, Oct 14.—Yesterday our three days Cattle
market was commenced, and a very tolerable supply of
Beasts was exhibited far tale ; in excellent condition, the ma-
jority of them, but prices rather high. On the assembling
of the humors this morning—and they were in goodly num-
ber—the principal subject of conversation was the late de-
tection of diseased Sheep in London Smithfield-market, by
Sergeant White ; and since that circamatance was made
known to our graziers, the most scrutinoun attention had
been paid to the flocks that have been brought to this place,
but no case has an yet been met with ; and, from the pre-
cautions taken, hopes arc entertained that our market people
monist be Imposed upon by having the small-pox beasts sold
to them. Our fair vines to-morrow, and hitherto business
has been very favourable.
SOUTHALL. Oct. 13.—Supply short, especially of good
things, which realized rather higher prices. The inferior
qualities hung heavy on hand, and scarcely maintained last
week's prices. Beef made from 2s. Bd. to 4s. 6d.; Mutton,
31. Bd. to 454. 4d. ; Veal, 41. to is. 84. ; Perk, 3.. 10d. to Ss.
per stone of Sibs., sinking the offal.

Woucesrzo..—At this f 8 e. there was a small attendance
of buyers, and the show of stock was leas than has been
known for many years at this season of the year. Good
Beef sold readily at 60., while inferior was dull, and much
was unsold. The average was from 6d. to 61d. There was
a capital show of Mutton ; prices from 6d. to 7d. ; stores
somewhat lower, and many unsold. Pork fetched 61d.
Many Horses were shown, but few sold. Prices high for
useful animals.

Fs► Yetterday's Alarketi se* laid pap.

he eriartisg.

MAILS.

The Brazil* walla will be madetnK4 Rio de Janeiro, to be con-
veyed by 11. M. achootier Spider. The postage on letters so for.
warded will be at the rate of 2s. 7d. the half.ounce from the port of
despatch, and 2s. 9d. the half ounce from any other part of the Unitid
Kingdom ; end newspapers will be liable to • charge of 2d. each. All
letters intended to be sent by this yard most be specially addressed
• By ILM.S. Spider." The Spider is expected to sad on the morning
of the 13th inn... . . .

The tt est India mails, excluding those 8w Mexico, Hardens, an.:
the 111•Walib, will be made up on the morning of the 18th October.
The melts for Vigo, oporto, Lisbon, Madeira, Cadre, and Gibraltar
will be made up on the morning of the ISM October.
The merle fur British North America, Bermada, and the United
States, will be made up on the everting of the 18th October.
The overlewl melts for Gibraltar, Malta, Omer, the lonia& Wend.
hdee.GeTribri..lloeirotangioart, Mina, Sontimmptes,
The ends'twiilltt eke made :
aimed =alb, via 11:reelhee, to the Mediums/eat
October.
Egypt, Aden. =XL; thing Kong, he., will be made op we the
amnia, °Wee
The mails be New tiouth Reim Van Diemen's Land, end New
Zereasiwin be wade up oat the evening of the let November.
The teals he the Brazil., the River Plate, Monte Video, Peruem.
S=slatiestbs Mad,
it. and Bilzmal &Trek mill he made rip on the
,

VO COILIZSPORDIVIV.
,`` LeOloonlie 111064 be VW Zones, Lemke •fir pow. ...a be
ac she Ono 10. ONoolorOo. O Tow Vd.l* v. Or Os or oblkodir.

NIP WATER AT LONDORAMIDOL
Tws DAT—Wming a/s. WM AA•pron.Amp 4.
To-Neasesr4-IWwim =la poW MINSIIII.

LONDON, THURSDAY, OCT. 14.
IT is not easy. to gams, what practical object the
Railway Commissioners proposed to themselves in ap-
plying to the companies for returns of the stuns they
have already raised, and of the further amount they
are authorised by parliament to expend on new
works. The particulars of both these items, it may
be observed, are already recorded in the public offices.
In tke reports of the commissioners themselves during
the last session, the former have already been de-
scribed with extreme minuteness, and the others will
be found in the parliamentary records of the same
period. It can hardly, therefore, be a want of the
statistical information, that has produced the circular
issued last week. It has more probably been intended
as a hint to the railway companies that the office may
deem it necessary to interpose, in some manner, with
respect to their present and future expenditure.
ov a this can be done, what use the commissioners

can make of the return ordered, when they have once
got them, will not be very readily seen by persons of
considerate judgment, whom the panic of the time
bas not deprived of the power of looking at both sides
of the argument. Hitherto, all that we have seen
advanced on the subject regards one half of the ques-
tion solely. The mischief inflicted on trade and com-
merce by the absorption of money in railway calls—
the necessity of relieving the market by stop-
ping this drain, are the only points that our
newspaper advisers have dwelt upon. Now,
as far as any interference by the state is
concerned, there are obviously two things to
be considered. It is not merely needful to prove that
the state of the case calls for same kind of coercion,
that the object to which it is desired to apply the re-
straint is really the cause of the evil complained of,
that forcible interference, in fine, would not produce
more harm than good. It is al. • necessary to show
that any such interference is possible, and, if possible,
on what principles and in what manner it can be
exercised. This, it appears to us, is an element of the
first importanoe in any useful discussion of the sub-
ject—one, indeed, by which the whole value of
the advice which is now so loudly offered
in various quarters would still have to be
tested, even were the previous question of the ex-
pediency of interference bodily taken for granted.
We shall, therefore, go at once to this decisive point,
without discussing for the present the assertions,
arguments, and assumptions, which have been urged
in support of the plea for interference. It is obvious
that, even admitting that it might be well to get a
certain thing dote, the admission, is of no practical
use whatever, unless there are also suitable means of

doing it.
IYere we to accept, indeed, the Examiner for
our guide in this perplexity, it would lead us to a
seemingly distinct proposition on the subject. although
it will not be found to bring the real difficulty much
nearer solution. The returns (says the Examiner)
will show to the nation the " monster" it has created :
and the purpose of this exhibition is to be accom-
plished by ,the CHANCELLOR OF THE EXCHEQUER in
the following concise manner :—A report shall be
made by him to the legislature of the yearly sums
which may be safely allowed to be spent hereafter in
railway works: this maximum amount parliament
shall "duly" allot amongst the several companies, in
certain proportions: and it shall be raised only by
calls on the shareholders, all lending of money to the
railways being forbidden. This is the plan which
our contemporary seriously proposes—we trust with-
out any hint of ethical designs to such an effect—sa
an " exception," indeed, from " ordinary rules,"
adapted to an extraordinary case of embarrassment.
That it would be an exception, and of a nature
truly extraordinary, is rafficiently apparent. It
would be an interruption, of the most violent kind,
of all the laws tinder which the practical business of
this nation has heretofore been conducted—a renun-
ciation of the principles which are now universally
admitted by statesmen and philosophers. It might
well awaken surprise in Englishmen to find parlia-
ment sitting as an arbitrary controller of the trans-
actions of partnerships which it has deliberately
created, saying, " You shall spend so much, and no

more, of the semis we hare given you authority
to raise; your neighbour thus much; and so on,
threnghout the whole list of the companies. The
conditions which have hitherto regulated the trans-
actions of commerce are to be annulled in your ease ;
the people of England, who have money to spend, and
are desirous to employ it in this kind of enterprise,
shall not lay out a penny beyond the precise limit we
have fixed with reference to some notions of ours on
the general effect of such enterprises on the currency."
More surprising it would be to hear the next prohibi-
tion. To A. and 8., capitalists who are anxious to
lend, and like the interest and security offered by
railways, parliament is to declare that they shall not
advance a farthing to any such borrowers. In short, by
this plan, it is to subject the whole business in relation
to railways to a species of arbitrary coercion the Ike
of which has not been heard of for years—we do not
say in England—but in any of those nations where
the " paternal" office of government takes the most
despotic form, and trews the subjects as the veriest
infants.
This, however, no English parliament, we believe,
will do. We are amazed to find any publicist laying
stress on any idea of the possibility of its so doing.
By any but arliamentary fiat, of course no such
pa " extraordinary" violation of the most commonly ad-
mitted principles of economics will be ventured upon.
What "the legislature" would say to any egregious
proposal of the kind may, we think, be gamed by
what they did last year, on the recommendation of a
course of proceeding similar in its object, but at cnce
more moderate iu its provisions, and more apt in the
time for attempting it. The committee which sat to
prepare a scheme for limiting the increase of railway
capital in bills then before parliament, separated, as
we know, without being able to agree upon any satis-
factory means of deciding which should be allowed
and which restrained. The difficulties that deterred
them from undertaking this ticklish office would
be felt ten-fold, in any attempt to cut down
the proportion of railway capital allowed to be super-
teasel under sets of parliament already granted. The
task of fairly adjusting the quota of each company
would be found all but insurmountable; the vindica-
tion of the process, opposed as it is to all the prin-
ciples that are now admitted as the true laws of com-
merce and social enterprise--against the complaints of
the parties thus arbitrarily handled—would be en-
compassed with difficulties that can only be over-
looked while the matter remains beyond the sphere of
practical operations. That such an attempt will be
made, we should be sorry to think probable; that if
made, it can succeed, to any good end, we believe to
be utterly impossible.

SINCE we last discussed the different methods of
maintaining turnpike-roads and highways our atten-
tion has been called toe. work entitled " Road Reform;
a plan for abolishing turnpike tolls and statute labour
assessments;" published by Mr. NVILLIAM PAGAN,
Writer, in the year 1843. Mr. PAGAN'S arguments
are particularly addressed to the trustees and others
in the counties of Fife and Kinross, and he has col-
lected a vast mass of statistics and documents relating
to the road management and legislation of those dis-
tricts, with which we need not trouble our readers.
The general result of his facts and figures is a con-
viction similar to that which we have on more than
one occasion expressed, that the collection of
a road revenue, by way of tolls, is at all
times expensive, wasteful, and inconvenient to
the public ; and that as the extension of
railways diminishes the through traffic on turn-
pike roads, and leaves them to depend on local inter-
course, the only sound reason foe taxing passengers
at toll-bars loses its value. When a midland county
could pay the expenses of keeping up its roads cut of
the tolls levied on passengers between London and
York, it would have been impossible to persuade the
inhabitants to substitute a rate on themselves for a
tribute derived from strangers. Now, however, when
coaches are all but extinct, and post horses few and
far between, trustees of those whom they represent
may well consider whether it would not be cheaper
to pay for the repair of the roads directly, than to
support them by an irksome tax on their own every-
day movements.
Mr. PAGAN explains in minute detail, and in a
most convincing manner, the causes which render
turnpike tolls the most expensive of all taxes to col-
lect. lie estimates the fair per centage on the re-
ceipts of the toll collectors before the net rever.ue is
paid to the trustees at twenty per cent. The lessee
must have a profit in proportion to the capital which
he risks or invests, and his servants or sub-lessees
must derive a maintenance from their occupation.
These reasonable and necessary charges, however,
very inadequately represent the lose of revenue to
which the trusts are exposed. We do not observe
that Mr. Pan.ts mentions the practice, well known,
we believe, to all who are practically acquainted with
turnpike administration, of combinations formed by the
toll lessees to keep down the price of the commodities
in which they speculate. Without aiming at the
gains of the Roman puhlicani, or the farmers-general
of the old French monarchy, the toll lessees form too
small a body to have any difficulty in combining
for the increase of their profits. They alone really
know the value of the toils for which they bid at the
annual auctions; and if three or four of them agree
to keep their offers within certain limits, the trustees
have seldom a further choice of tenants to resort to.
Mr. PAGAN observes that the lessees, as a class, are
always grumbling, and that, nevertheless, they con-
trive not only to keep on their occupation, but
occasionally to retire from business with a reason-
able competence. It would be absurd to complain of
the little tricks which are so nature:ly practised by
this limited class of speculators for the increase of
their profits ; but the public should, as far as possible,
have its service performed for fixed wages, without
leaving any room for speculation.
It must be remembered that if the trustees have
little check on their tenants, the lessees are left still
more entirely at the mercy of the collectors. No sys-
tem has been devised, short of maintaining a second
body of servants to watch those who receive the toils,
under which it is possible to secure a fair account of
the sums actually received. The farmer of the tolls
can at most take a rough average of the amount
which may be expected, and require the gatekeeper,
on pain of dismissal, to bring him a sum at the
end of the week at least equal to his com-
putation. There must, however, still be a large
margin allowed for " stealings," which is lost to
the lessee, and with the addition of interest and pro-
fit lost to the public. The precautions which are
ordinarily used against fraud on the part of the gate-
keepers, such as transferring them without notice
from one gate to another within the district, exa-
mining and checking the tickets, and sending occa-
sional substitutes to receive the tolls for a time,
involve a further expense to the toll-farmer, which, as
in all such cases, accumulates before it falls on the
original owner of the road revenue.
We have ourselves frequently pointed out both these
classes of deductions from the actual revenue paid in
the shape of tolls; but we are indebted to Mr. PAC iAN
for reminding us of a third illegitimate inenm-
hemmer on the tolls in addition to the contractor
and collector, being no other than the travelling pub-
lic itself, especially when it is endowed with the true
Scotch dislike to parting with ready money. There
are, as we all know, laws in abundance to prohibit
passengers from pay ieg, or gatekeepers from rewiring,
less than the lawful amount of tolls ; but it seems that
in many eases it becomes the interest of both parties,
and even of the contractors, to agree in neglecting the
law and depriving the road trustees of their lawful
receipts. A farmer who is in the habit of driving
through a certain toll-bar to market can in most cares
hold over the gatekeeper the threatof diminishing the
number of his journeys, or of performing them in a
manner leas profitable to the turnpike trust.
If he drives his wife in a gig, says Mr. PAGAN, and is
asked for ninepence, he tenders sixpence with a sig-
nificant gesture, as a sufficient compensation for his
use of the roads. If the lawful amount is neverthe-
less exacted, on the next market day lie leaves the
lad/ at home, and goes through the gate on horse-
back for twopence, or even exerts himself to walk into
the town. The tollkeeper soon finds that if sixpence
is leas than ninepence, it is better than twopence,
and winks at the obstinate passengers gig, when
it passes in future, at a lower rate. A still
more ingenious device for reducing tolls per-
haps excites less admiration in Mr. Pnciam
as a Scotchman, than it seems to me, who live in a
less prudent and thrifty land, to deserve. When two
gates, which we will call north and south gate, clear
each other, the practitioner plays off one against the
lother in a manner which must almost always render
the most refractory collector pliable. Living, we will
resume, between the two gates, and basing occasion
to go southward, be finds that the legal amount of
toll is demanded and exacted from him. !he next
time he starts from home for the south he tunic the
head of his astonished hone northward, and dclibe-

Ut