The Express.
London, England, 1856-01-14 00:00:00

NEWS FROM ABROAD

AMERICA.

THE PRESIDENTS MESSAGE.

(IT I(&QNITIO

011011 0111

LIVERPOOL, IIIoNDAT.

The Asia, Captain Lott, arrived off the bar at 7
o'clock this morning, and sent in mails by tugboat.
The weather was very foggy. There are 118 pas-
sengers on board, bat no specie. The dates are, New
York, January 1 ; Boston, 2; and Halifax, 4.
The President's Message wee delivered on the
81st of December. There wu no balloting for
Speaker, the day being consumed in debat-
ing whether the Menage be received or not. The
sendiog the Message to Congress before the popular
branch of that body was prepared to receive it, took
the country by surprise. The President assigns as
motives for this extraordinary step his conviction that
his duty would not permit him to postpone the obli-
gation enjoined on him by the constitution to give
' information of the state of the Union. The pacific
tone of the Message gave great eatifsetion.
Gold had been found in Chili; 10,000 dollars worth
was found in fourteen days at Naciameoto, by an
American.

The steam-ahlp Law arrived at New York on the
28th December; from Aspinwall 19th, with 11 mil-
lions of treasure. The Indian war was regiog. A
celebration in honour of the fan of Sebastopol had
taken place, in grand style, at Ban Francisco.
The Peru legislature was about to sell all the guano
at the Chinch& Islands, value 380,000,000 dollars.
The steam-ship Star of the West arrived at New
York en the 29th December from Ban Juan with halt
a million treasure. Walker's government bad be-
come more popular.
—. __

The Northern Light had been searched, and found
to contain saddles, ploughshares, types, &c.; she sailed
on the 26th for Nicaragua.
The Central American imbroglio between the
United States and England upon the Clayton Bulwer
Treaty is the paramount topic of importance.
The Ada brought Captain Griffin and the crew of
the schooner Sarah, of Halifax.

On the 11th she ezehanpd signals with the Africa,
and on the 13th paned the Baltic.

- ._.
The dates from Mezioo are to the 18th. They
state that Alvarez, having resigned the Presidency,
and retired to the &mit, General Comoafort has
assumed supreme authority and organised a new
ministry.

Commercial: Money market very heavy for
exchange, and large and increasing supply of
outside bills. Cotton steady, flour fair demand,
prices firm. Pork dull, freights no change.

THE PRESIDENT'S MESSAGE.

The first topic is the relations of the United States
with Great Britain, and among these relations prece-
donee is given to those growing out of the misunder-
standing between the two Governments, ea to the in-
terpretation of the Clayton-Balwer treaty. In that
treaty it was stipulated that neither party shall oc-
cupy, or fortify, or colonise, or assume, or exercise,
any dominion near Nicaragua, Costa Itioa, the Mos-
quito coast, or any pert of Central Americo. This
clause the Americ►n Government interprets into a
relinquishment by Great Britain of any territorial
claims or pretensions to every part of the country in-
cluded between Mexico oa the north, and New Gra-
nada on the south, though it seems to be admitted
that this renunciation does not so extend to the
occupation of the Belize, for the purpose
of obtaieing woods and mahogany. It is fur-
ther alleged by the President that this supposed ab-
rogation by Great Britain was the sole inducement on
our part for entering into a treaty, and, as he ex-
presses it, consenting to restrictions in regard to a
region or country, wherein we had specific and pecu-
liar interests. He now complains that while Great
Britain holds America strictly to all those restrio
Lions, she insists that, so far as she was
concerned, the prohibition to colonise was only
prospective, and did not embrace those extensive
regions upon which Great Britain had set her
mark previous to the treaty.

As to our specific and peculiar interests inCentral
America, which we are said to have exchanged away
for the renunciation by Great Britain of territorial
claims running back for more than • century, these
are afterwards explained in the message as being
rights which we might assert, independently of the
treaty, in ousigeration of our geographical position,
and of other circumstances which create for u relations
' to the Central American States different from those of
any government of Europe. That the President
Ir has got into a dispute about Central America
and the Clayton and B•lwer treaty is certain.
What he intends to do about it, he does not
tell, and he loaves us equally in the dark as
to what is to be done about Mr. Crampton,.
and the British enlistments, which enlistments are
' characterised in the Message as involving gross viola-
' done of our neutrality laws by British officials of high
station. The Message is strenuous against the Sound
Dues, but expresses a willingness to help to buy Den-
mark of Passing by a number of other topics foreign
and domestic, of less controlling interest, we come
to what the messige has to say on the subject of
Kansas. That matter is dismissed in a single brief
paragraph which takes the ground already
set up by the Government organ, the Union,
that nothing ►as yet happened in Kansas that
requires or would justify any interference
on the President's part. All that happened is this,
Kansas has been at least three times invaded by armed
bands of border raises from • neighbouring state•
The first time, they undertook to elect a territorial
legislator, and did elect one, driving the bona fide
electors from the Hall, by threats and violence.
The next time, they elected in like manner a territorial
delegate to Congress. The third time, having armed
themselves with common rifles and sabres stolen from
• United States arsenal, under pretence of enforcing
the laws of their border legislature, they laid siege to
Lawrenee for two weeks, interrupted all travelling,
plundered the neighbouring inkabitanta,oommitted se-
veral murders, and were only prevented from burning
Lawrence, and cutting the throats of its inhabitants,by
the Bharp's rides, which, fortunately, the inhabitants
were armed with. The President asserts that the
people of the territory possessing by its organs law
the right to &Weise their own domestic Waite-
dee% are gadded while &parties theraesiree peace,
telly, to the tell eseethe et that right, and
mast be preeedei to the eeicistest et it with-
out iaterihreose es the part et the cities= of

any of the slate& Kansa, and all the great
pressing questions and interests connected with it
being thus disposed of, the President favours us at
enormous length with hie historical and theoretical
views of the origin, nature, ends, and aims of the fede-
ral government, which, in the President's opinion, are
mainly to enable the southerners to hold their slaves,
and to catch them if they happen to run away. This
being established to the President's satisfaction, he
proceeds to read a lecture to Massachusetts for de-
clining to enforce the Fugitive Slave Act, and to argue
that all the complaints of the north against usurpation
and egression on the part of the slave holders is
unfounded, the feet being, in the President's view of
it, that slaveholders are exceedingly quiet, yielding,
long suffering, and much injured individuals.
Finally, the message winds up with an ener- '
getic defence of the Kansas Nebraska Bill,
and of the right of new states to be ad- il
witted into the Union, slavery or no slavery.
At the close of his message the President declares
his firm belief that against the unshaken rock of the
constitution the storm of frenzy and faction must in-
evitably dash itself in vain.
[Tbe above is from an Aaserican source, which fact ex.
plains the peculiar phraseology].

ALLEGED RUPTURE BETWEEN
AUSTRIA AND RUSSIA.

Yesterday's Independance Beige contains a de-
spatch from Berlin, dated yesterday morning, which
states that the reply of the Cabinet of St. Peters-
burg to the peace propositions had arrived at Vienna,
and that after becoming acquainted with its nature,
Count Buol informed Prince Gortchakoff that the
Austrian Legation would quit St. Petersburg in a
body on the 18th of this month.
Letters from the Continent describe a perfect
steeplechase on the part of diplomatists. A despatch
from Berlin informs us that Baron de Seebach, the
Saxon Minister, arrived at Berlin on Saturday, on
his way from St. Petersburg to Paris. Other
despatches from Berlin mention tbat the Count de
Bernstorff, military attache to the Russian—Legation
in Prussia, who left St. Petersburg on the 10th, will
arrive this day in Berlin; that on the other hand Prince
Auguste de Wurtemburg left Berlin on Friday
for St. Petersburg " with a mission ^ from the King
of Prussia, and finally, that General Mansuroff passed
through Berlin that day, returning from St. Peters-
burg to Vienna. Count de Stackelburg quitted St.
Petersburg for Vienna on the Bth, but was not, as
hu been stated, the bearer of the Russian reply.
That document appears to have been sent off from
the Russian capital to Prince Gortchakoff at Vienna
by courier on the sth, and its purport was two or
three days ago made known to the various interested
governments by telegraph.
The Morning Post gives a version of the Russian
reply which agrees in substance with the letter from
our own correspondent at Paris, dated yesterday
evening, and given elsewhere. The Pod say.:
We eau state with witticisms* that the Russian reply to
the Autriaa ultimatum has been received at Vienna.

Russia rejects the second clause of the first proposal, vie.,
the rectification of her frontier with Turkey."
Stse also rejects the fifth proposal, by which a right of
producing special eonditicno is maned to the belligerent
Powers, and is vines of which they would demand the en
gsgement not to rebuild Bomarsend.

- Runic accept, the rest of the uliinutfunt, including
the neutralisation of the Black Sea, with tome modift•

In exchange for the strong plates and territories wen.
plc' by the AJlles, Russia proposes to restore to the ports
Kars and tbe territory she has won from Turkey in Asia in
the lent seeepidee.

We havereuo n to believe that Austria keeps her faith
with us, and will sot receive this counter.proposition.
Austria, however, gives the Cabinet of St. Petersburg
the benefit of the time she bad already allowed, and there-
fore Russia his till the 18th instant to notify to Count
Beterbsay ber acceptance or rejection, without conditions,
of the Austrian ultimatum.

If Route refuse, or if, at that dam, she In not accepted
the Austria& ultimatum "par ci simple," Count listerhesy
bag instructions to withdraw from Si. Petersburg.

NAPLES.

(stow ova owx

NAPLES, JAN. 5.

In my last I quoted the Commercial Journal of
Naples as declaring that so far from there being •
superabundance of grain in the country, there was
only just sufficient to meet the necessary demands.
The contrary is asserted by many of our merchants
and diplomatists, who declue that there is provision
in the country for three years and a half. They then
enumerate some of the depositaries. Barletta is said
to be overflowing; the Abruzzi, too, are full of grain,
which cannot be brought to a remunerative market
for want of roads. Large quantities have been put..
chased by Rothiehild and others on account of Fould
and Co., of Paris, under the full impression that some
way or other would have been found for getting it out
of the country. Yet here it is locked up in a hopeless
state, for I am assured that his Majesty has positively
refused to permit the exportation ot grain. Large quan-
tides are however smuggled out of the Adriatic ports.
This subject has attracted the more attention from
the fact of its being almost the only one which is
known to have been brought before the King by
Mona Breaier. On all other points the greatest mys-
tery prevails, and rumour is consequently propor-
tionally active. Whatever the nature of the discus-
sions may be, they certainly are not in the interest
of the Allies any farther than what Austria will
sanction or permit; and bow far that sanction extends
you may yourself form a pretty correct opinion.
That some treaty of importance is maturing between
this government and that of Austria is not at all im-
probable, from the close connexions which have
• existed during the last six months between the two
countries; the same may be argued from the myste-
rious mission on which the Marchesi del Vssto had
been sent to Vienna. As I before informed you,
however, the Marchesi's journey was cut abort by an
attack on the frontier, in which his carriage was
broken to pieces, his papery, " molto riservai,' were
seized, and he himself compelled to return to the
capital, which he has not lett since.
The reorganisation of the army on a war footing,
though it does not appear to me to be necessarily
connected with coming hostilities, has certainly made
a profound impression in the country. The battalions
are increased by some regiment., as is also the per-
sonale of every company. The promotion especially
has been interpreted as the avant courier of military
events. Some are disposed to believe in an expedition
to the frontier, and the more so that the defetoes on
the coast and the boundaries of the kingdom have I
been carried on for some time with so much assiduity.)
It is difficult, however, to contemplate any other then
one of two eventualitiee--either an armed neutrality
in oriajuoction with the German powers, or hostility
to the allies—union with them appears to be impossi-
ble—it is contrary to the principles, the sympathies,
the wishes, of the Kiog of Naples; and if
any adhesion of the King were even an
named, it ought to be looked on with the utmost
suspicion. In anticipation of the Ring being
compelled to join Francs and Ragland, I know that
the consequences have been discussed by many
officers is the army. "We should goon," say they,
" larder the royal sanction and command; but the
examples or 1820 and 1848 plainly show us that if
we do one duty. the mark of Cain will be set upon us,
and we shall finish with being wanderers from our
cowry"
The exchange rose yesterday to 526.
Letters have arrived here from an officer of the
Hannibal, easship of Sir Houston Stewart, with the
expectance that this vessel would be off Naples
soon. Nothing, however, is known hers of the
momients d the Bost. ,