The Express.
London, England, 1851-11-28 00:00:00

the eralreols.

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TI.SOLIOW-11101•04. Ss. Om. ... Aturamos. nu.

LONDON, FRIDAY, NOVEMBER 28.

THE Austrian government has shown itself quits
consistent in its late act of invading not merely the
money but the corn exchange, in seizing the prin-
cipal dealers in these necessary commodities, and
kicking them, neck and heels tied, out of the coun-
try of which they incommoded the government by
their industry. The fact is, that all kinds of freedom
wow up together, and must perish together. Free-
dom of thought, of association, or of the press, with-
out representative government, are utterly impossi-
ble, and freedom of dealing, of trafficking in money
or other commodities, is quite impossible in countries
where the other kinds of freedom do not exist.
The empire of Austria exists and is kept together
by its army, as the only principle of vitality and
union. le requires nearly half a million of armed
and salaried soldiers to Imp its other millions in
obedience ; but the resources of the country are not
sufficient to pay for this exorbitant police force.
The government is obliged, over and above its
revenue, to have recourse to anneal loans, and its
market for them is restricted. It dare not venture
to propose any new loan in London. Prince
liciiwanzesimw: was, forsooth, independent of the
London market. Ile could manage, he pretended, very
well elsewhere. Austrian hunkers and capitalists dent
sot refuse to autocritse; so he thought that his loan,
not succeeding as a voluntary subscription, could not
fail as a forced one. The result was that, of the
eight millions which his Imperial Majesty required,
scarcely four were made up. And those who took
the lour may each keep their share of it; for there is
so selling at an advanced price. On the public
exchange of Vienna, it was at a miserable discount.
This was quite sufficient to persuade Prince Scitwan-
xesneiti; that the monied world of Vienna was con-
spiring against him. They foresaw a bankruptcy,
and or course speculated for a fall. This had a na-
tural tendency to bring the government into discredit
and contempt. To construe this as treason was very
natural for an Austrian statesman, and so the ex-
change is cleared by the police, and its bulls and
bears sent to polish their horns and lick their paws
on the other side of the frontier.

That the depreciation of money, in a country, too,
where there is nought but paper money, and where
pence in istper are torn in four to represent farthings
in paper, should produce a rise in the price of corn
and other necowaries, would appear natural enough,
however lamentable, to any other brain than that of
Prince Se II WallAr.N BERG ; but he, good man, sees
nothing of the kind. The science of political eco-
llottir has in him been superseded by. police ex-
penditure, and he sees a conspiracy in the rise
of pro% isions. It is odd how extremes meet.
This is precisely the way in which mobs
reason. The people of Paris, in 1790, hanged
the corn-dealers to the lamp-last ; Prince Seitwartx-
r24ll/.101 executes them after his fashion. lie ar-
rests, expatriates, and drives them to the other side
of the Austrian frontier. Will l'rinco Senwarixxx-
or.nit, by this policy, get more corn or more money?
Quite the contrary. lie shuts the door in the face
of both.

Against the ejection of corn-dealers and
money.dealers there is little use in complaining;
such acts as these bring, too surely and speedily,
their punishments after them. 'there is, however,
another commodity against which and against the
dealers in it Prince SeIIWAIVAENHERG has as great a
grudge as against the scrip-holders and corn-factors.
These are dealers in intelligence--newsmongers, in
fine, to which honourable fraternity we belong. As
we have an especial correspondent in all the great
centres of news and of political events, we have had
a correspondent at Vienna, a gentleman who strictly
limited his efforts to obtaining and communicating
intelligence from the best quarters. Of course this
gentleman chronicled the invasion of the Austrian
nionev-market by the Austrian police. And so did he
send home information of the doings of the govern-
ment in Ilungary and in Bohemia, as in Vienna. The
letters of our correspondent were marked by impar-
tiality and truth, so much so that several P
of these letters have been stigmatised as unfavourable
to Hungary and to the liberal cause. Impartiality is,
however, no recommendation to the Austrian police;
and they have accordingly expelled our correspon-
dent with all rigour, and sent police agents to escort
him to the frontiers. Not only, indeed, was this
attention paid him to the Austrian frontier, but the
orders and suspicions of Prince SCIIMARZENRERO
were equally extended through Saxony, where the
government and the police are in truth but an affili-
ation of that of Vienna. Our correspondent had
therefore to endure all the rigours of the SCIIWIR-
ZENHERG surveillance at Dresden quite as much as
at Prague.
Thus our abettal of Kossirtt and of Hungarian
independence, together with our ideas of dealers in
money and in corn being entitled to the protection of
the laws in their fair dealings—this has entitled us
to the honour (for we deem it an honour) of having
our representative expelled from the Austrian capital
and territory. This petty vindictiveness may for a
time interrupt the series of those communications
which convey sure, unfabricated, and uninfluenced
intelligence. But we are still not without the means
of procuring and of publishing information of all
that occurs at Vienna, in despite of the rancour of
SCHWAIULNIIERO and the vigilance of his police.
Every act, indeed, of that miserable government
defeats itself. Austrian paper, we may be
sure, will not rise to par, because no dealer
dare fix a price upon it in public. Austrian
corn will not fall to the price convenient alike for
the contractors and for the poor consumers,
because them who imported it from the
provinces to the capital are interrupted in their
trade. Neither will the Ezpreas want its letter
or its paragraph from Vienna, because of the auswei-
snip Bits correspondent

GENERALLY speaking we object on principle to all
attempts on the part of the pubic press to anticipate
the judgment of • constituted tribunal on any case
submitted to its • In obedience to this
scruple we have hi abstained from offering any
comments on the recent investigation at Preston.
The reason for oar silence is now removed. Lord
CAELISLE has now pronounced his judgment, and Mr.
RAM•4IIAT is dismiseed. We can now have no hesitation
in saying, that we regard Mr. HASISKAY'S attempted
defence to the charges brought against him as a
total failure. Those charges were premise and spe-
cific ; his defence was vague and genera Two days
and a half of alternate pathos and virulence from
Mr. Serjcant WILKINS; clouds of witnesees—called
to give general evidence to character--all this was
wholly beside the mark of say real and satisfactory
defence.

Did Mr. RAMSRAT, or did he mt. m the wieraing of
the 27th of September, mud Dailies without warrant
to arrest Mr. W • Imes • shared oellemptel court,
fur causing a certain plmend to axed em a Mesh
wall in the purlieus et the ettert4seenst It le net
contradicted that he did. All fits widows ea this
point is one way_. The warrantbies USA andered
the sanctum of WIIITTT and adjured him to follow
them, for " his Honour was raging like a mad bulL"
Mr. Wnrerr having lawfully resisted the tempting
invitation thus to rush into the rolled preemie at
justice, duly appeared to a summous ea Monday,
the 29th of September.
Now, what on that day was the demeanour of the
judge? Has the defence set up succeeded in ex..
plowing away any single arterial item of the mama
ground of the charge ? Not one. With regard to
his general demeanour on that Monday, the 29th of
September, what do the witnesses—the uncontra-
dieted witnesses—tor the prosecution ay? Do they
or do they not corroborate the reports d the short-
hand writers ? They go beyond them.
What is the testimony to this point of Mr.
ROBERTSON GLADSTONE, one of the most generally
respected maws in Liverpool—a man who has been
twice thief magistrate of that great city?
Mr. !Walley seemed to me to be excited and viekestly
envy. He like a man almost bunting with pas-
sim t the inquiry the mate infuriated eandl-
*ea se remain with him; be never appeared curl

--scarcely met. I think the conduct of Mr. Harm!say was
crimps worst towards i
the close w
of the proceedings, when !
addressed Mr. Whitty. It s almost impossible ts ie.
wo. the esprcesion of his eountenance—hls des was in-
flamed, his eyes red with passim. The language be ad-
dress( d to Mr. Whitty was of the roost insulting character.
He told him, amongst other things, that his face exhibited ,
tha worst passions of the human miud, or words to that
effect.

-----
The words in the reporter's notes really were,
"You are a man in whose face the worst passions
and feelings of our human nature are delineated."
Now this evidence is confirmed by witness after wit-
ness of the highest respectability, and of the most
perfect impartiality. Mr. S tswEL HoLmE, a member
of the Liverpool Town Council, having heard the
matter much talked of on 'Change, went on the
Monday from a mere feeling of curiosity into the
court ; at that time he was prejudiced in favour of
Mr. lt osstrAY. His testimony entirely corroborates
that of Mr. GLADSTONE. Sir GEORGE STEPHEN, a
reluctant witness, Mr. AsrtsALL, the barrister, and
a host of other gentlemen of the highest character
and honour, all speak, with trifling variations, as to
the circumstances which most peculiarly struck theta,
to the same main point.
One of the reporters had taken down the state-
ment that the judge, addressing one of the wit-
nesses, HARTLEY, clenched his hand, and, presenting
it in the man's face, said, " Now, you ass, don't you
know that's called a fist r To this fact witness
after witness deposes, the only variance being that
some who saw the gesture did not accurately catch
the words, and that of those who heard the words
some thought the appellation was "dunce" and
others " ass." A clearer case—one in which the
evidence more completely supports the statement of
the complaivants—it appears really impossible to
conceive.
The demeanour of Mr. ltAmsttAY himself, during
the progress of the investigation, was, in itself, one
I would have thought, almost sufficient to dispose of
the whole case. Many instances might be given,
but one must suffice: a poor Welshman--one JOHN
JONES—bad, it seems, been committed by Mr. RAM-
mar, more son, to Lancaster gaol, for the offence of
having put his hat on in the ante-room of the court.

Ile had been ordered into custody (we quote from the
report) for not paying a fine of 205., and on getting into the
waiting-room he put his hat on; but before he bad taken
two steps, a man came and "grabbed" him. The witness
suited the action to the word, and seined hold of Dr.
tyre, who was sitting near him, to exemplify the manner of
his arrest. On being; taken before the judge, he said that
he had no intention of doing anything wrong, and was very
sorry if he had offended his lordship, but the judge said the
people of Liverpool were continually "contempting " him,
and he would make an example of those who were guilty
dutch "it was a hard word," said the witness, " but
I thought he meant something dreadful." Ile was sen-
tenced to pay a Ane of 55., or an additional imprisonment of
seven days in Lancaster Castle. Ile said he was a poor
man and had only a shilling, and hoped his lordship would
be merciful as be meant no offence, but the judge still sen-
tenced him to Lancaster g.iol.
Lord Carlisle—What, after you had twice apologised, my
man. _ _

Witness—Yes, your honour, and after taking me to Pres-
ton, the bailiff missed the train, and kept me in Preston all
night and all day Sunday, and when I was discharged from
Lancaster Castle I had only Bd. left, and had to walk all
the way back to Liverpool.
his lordship manifested great distress (annoyance would
be too weak a word), as Mr. Itarnshay, at the conclusion
of the witness's evidence, borrowed half-a-sovereign from
Mr. Thorburn, the barrister, and presented it to the wit-
DM.

Distressing, no doubt, it must have been to the
amiable patron of Mr. RAMSUAY to see his appointee
by this and similar gross violations of decorum in
the course of the inquiry, proving the case of those
who charged him with being wholly deficient in the
qualities necessary for the judgment seat. Still more
distressing must it have been for his lordship to find
that the first act of his protege, on escaping from the
immediate presence of his patron and his judge,
was to revel in fresh extravagances, and disgrace
himself by fresh exposure.
Into the details of these extmvagancics we will
not now enter. The man is removed from the judg-
ment scat he had too long abused, and tho second
city of the empire may at length be congratulated on
her deliverance from such a judge as since the days of
the Sennous' and JEFFREYS' of old has never been
permitted to burlesque the majesty of British justice.
One remark this unparalleled case can ,rdly fail
rragerst, and that is the expediency of forthwith
proceeding to select some more fitting tribunal for
the adjudication of such matters as those which have
twice been brought before Lord CARLISLE. The re-
moval of a jadge involves no slight responsibility
the case just concluded indeed admitted of no doubt,
but others of far more difficult and delicate decision
may arise. 'Why should not some such tribunal as
the Judicial Committee of l'rivy Council be selected
for the purpose of conducting investigations which
clearly ought not to be entrusted to the arbitration of
any single individual? We throw this out merely as
• suggestion ; but the whole subject is one which re-
quires, and must speedily receive, very thorough and
mature consideration.

FRANCE.

PARIS, TUOREDAT EVENING.

The committee on the Council of State's Bill has
,adopted to-day, after a hot debate, the 2nd clause of
the let article, which makes it high treason in the
President to provoke the violation of the 45th article
of the constitution, which prohibits his re-election.
The question was then mooted whether the wording
of the clause should be left as settled by the council
of state, or whether the means of provocation, such
u bribery, intimidation, promises in case of re-elec-
tion, and such like acts should be specified. On
this pert of the question the committee came to no
decision.

The high importance of the great organic law pre-
pared by the council of state on the responsibility of
the President, induces me to send you a fuller ac-
count than the lateness of the hour permitted yester-
day of the proceedings of the committee. After
having agreed to adjourn the question of urgency
until the committee had amended the bill, tho debate
was opened on the separate articles. I refer you to
my despatch of the 9th instant for the first article,
which enumerates the eases in which the President
of the Republic may be impeached. An animated
discussion ensued whether, among the heads of im-
peachment should be included resistance to the As-
sembly's right of requisition over the troops. M.
Parr.mlDuprat insisted that the right of requisition
could only result from an express vote of the Assembly.
and could not be exercised without consulting
the Chamber by the President and board of the As-
sembly. This view, supported by M. Michel de
was stresuoesly opposed by MM. Berrycr
sad alas de Lasteyrie, who held that the right in
gumbos weld be perfectly illusory, if the Assembly
was first to be consulted as to its use. The legisla-
tive place, for instance, might be occupied by a
cottprie-main during the night, or in the interval
between two sittings. M. Berryer added, addressing
the members of the Left, " You distrust us (the
Right); but observe that it is not our interests alone
that are at stake but the dignity and security of the
whole Assembly; nay, oven the very existence of a
parliamentary government. Miehel de Bourges an-
swered, " You are right ; it is a question of confi-
dence. You distrust us, and we distrust you. We
have known one another now some time. Foe us
there are two danger; and you, perhaps, are the
greater of the two. The following amendment to
the first article, proposed by M. Berrycr, was
then put to the vote: " The President of the Repub-
lic shall be impeachable of high treason, if in the
exercise of the functions attributed to him by Art.
SO at the constitution he set obstacles to the exercise
of the right which belongs to the Aasernbly accord-
ing to the 32nd article of the constitution. Artisan ,
SO of the constitution gives to the President the dis-
posal of the armed force; and Art. 32 gives to the
A the disposal of the armed force. Masa-
wrate question remains open whether Art. 32
authorises the Assembly to make a direct requisition
of troops; also, whether & vote of the Assembly is
necessary to empower its president to make such
Irequisition ; and finally, whether the refusal of an
officer to comply with such requisition would impli-
cate the President of the Republic in a charge of
high-treason.
-Urgency for the Council of States' Bill is argued
aping even by the journals most hostile to the Pre-
sident ; and as the meeting of the Left at Leniarde-
lays decided not to take the initiative in moving it,
it is now considered as certain not to be carried,
even if proposed.
Louis Napolean is greatly displeased with M. do
Thorigny for leaving yesterday quite unanswered
the violent attack of M. Bence!, and in particular for

altpesting against Ow-explosion "arditissa,"
• to the President.
Ail Folloux, runderstand, is going soon to bring.
forward a motion bt great importance. He writ move
that the general.elections of the Assembly should be
fixed for the month of February.
The Assembly adopted in its sitting of to-day the
bill which prolongs until February, that is to say,
until after the vote on the new eleztoral law, the
powers of the municipal and departmental councils.
The house then proceeded to discuss the Lyons
and Avignon Railway Bill. M. de slouchy pro-
m place of tho bill, a grant of ten mil-
ions for the works of the railway. This amend-
ment, supported by M. Sain, and opposed
by M. Dufaure, was rejected. The first articles
of the cohier des charges, which provide that the
section from Lyons to Valence shall be terminated
within two years from the date of concession, and
the section from Valence to Avignon within a fur-
ther delay of two years, were adopted. The 3rd
article attributes to the company, on the part of the
state, • subvention of sixty millions of francs, as
maximum, at the rate of 34,000 per kilometre. An
amendment of Al. .Itorellet, moving that this sum
should be only advanced, was rejected by 464 votes
against 213. The debate continued on the 3rd arti-
cle, which was opposed by M. Itandot.
M. Fietti, the new prefect of the Haute-Garonne.
has issued a Bonapartist proclamation, which is in
close accord with the President's speech at the Cir-
cus, and turns upon the text, " neither Utopias nor
reaction."

The Moniteur Parisien contains an article persuad-
ing the military to abstain from voting at the Paris
elections of the 30th. . .

The Or(lre contains a long article which may be
considered as a retaliation on the Elysee for tho
article of Cassagnac and the President's speech. It
accuses Louis Napoleon of having conspired for two
years against the constitution he has sworn to de-
fend, and predicts, that if he persists in seeking
to renew his power, notwithstanding the 45th ar-
ticle of the constitution, such endeavours must in-
fallibly end in a civil, and finally in a social, war.
Thiers voted yesterday with the Mountain
against the pure and simple order of the day on the
interpellatiou of M. Cremieux. He had, in fact,
composed a motive order of the day with the object
of fixing upon the President the total responsibility
of a repressive law; the commutation of punishments
belonging wholly to the Presidential prerogative.
M. Boned, who assailed yesterday with so much
violence the President of the Republic, is a young
orator of the Mountain. Of course the Right were
delighted, and gave him all possible room to swing
his battering-ram against the Elyske. When the
panting speaker descended from the tribune he was
caught with rapture in the embraces of M. Cremieux,
who, as you are aware, is more noted fur the attrac-
:ions of his eloquence than for those of his person.
Hence the display of enthusiasm was greeted with a
roar of laughter. Apropos of this incident I may,
add that the Minister of Justice of the provisional
government seems to pique himself, not less than
Mirabcau used, upon his plainness of feature; for
when M.Thiers alluded,in a celebrated speech, to the
"(Treat petits rh.'teurs" of demagogy, Cremieux
went about to everybody saying : " You know he
means me," as if quite proud of the distinction.
The Sa'cle says that an Englishman has lost a large
sum of money in consequence of betting that Louis
Napoleon would never introduce the word " Repub-
lie' into any of his speeches. Probably this is a ver-
sion of the story of Count D'Orsay's wager to the
same effect, which the sagacious Alphonse Karr ad-
vised him by all means timely to withdraw, as there
was no knowing what confession a sinner might
make in artieulo mortis.

The Opinion Publiqueopposed both the adjournment
of the Council of State's Hill and urgency. The first
proposition, it says, would be weakness, and the last
precipitation.
M. de Maness has introduced a reform into the
police system in dealing with demagogy, which does
him much credit. earlier's plat was to allow spies
to instigate the political
.passions of the frequenters
of taverns and secret societies, and to draw them out
in order to crush their practices the more effectually.
This detestable treachery and immoral relic of bar-
barous traditions, worthier of Vienna and St. Peters-
bugh than of a civilised capital, M. do Maupas has
suppressed. He directs his agents to proceed at
once to the suppression of incendiary speeches. It is
believed, however (so fond is demagogy of utterance)
that M. earlier's system, although attended with
severer consequences to seditious orators, was pre-
ferred by them, as it gave them unbridled license to
peak.

PRUSSIA.