The Express.
London, England, 1849-10-16 00:00:00

MONEY MARKET.

MONDAY Eviirnts.
The stock market was rather more animated to-
day, and the English funds Iproved ' the
closing prices of Saturday. •
and steadily advanced to .
closed for money and for meow_
14th November they were quoted
Exchequer Bills were rather
a demand for them having be
d more capital into the •
pavement of the dividend,. ./
win. Bank Stock realised
Bonds were done at 83s. ; dill
premium. South Sea Stock

ads improved an k on the
Consols opened at 921 to
to 921 to f, at which they
toccuot the 17th. Fox
quoted 92k to k
idler scarce in • ;
been created b
moil ifiay /Of
market, . ' wee
••••• rit
They rose to 43a '" BAs.
wed 1971 and 19d
ditto, under 1,1 ' VS: 4PI
rak wu dealt in • rp. GO
:I—"<r* it

A report, which sotorquently peeved avesessa (as
will be sees es abreact to a craisph given below),
°Medal circulation in the itesse, that lb.
=r7of Mans had redid meat aresalat
rilith Mr. Robertson as Noma the him pay-
met of the interest es the Mann B:nde. is cease-
ri:t:or width a geed deal of badness was down
t improved rater,i Oa list rise olvabool b_stag
27! for the 31st last. P wen fan as MO
as apsaish eaathaisd WM, 81i'
whim there was ao ele piles.
The hostas done weep l-411essake
moll, at 84; ditto, New Bomb, 1639 sad IL at 83.
Danish Five per Oats ot AL tilataieds at 14.
Mexican (ex. lasaary cons* at 27_b and 26/ for
smoy, sad vs:toady at :et I. 27i, =Laid 271 for
se ssemt Fauvism gar per Costa.. 1849, at 64, 1,
and f for neseeat ; ditto. defined, at 191. Podiums.
Four per Oats., to 82$. 33, sad 3tl. ROW= at
106/. egad& Are per Cents., at 161, /, and $;
ditto, Pemba Bonds. at 31; Us Three per Cents. at
34 Vassals at 24; ditto, Deferred, at 61.
The 'sweat's of Sinai& Amerissa boadkoklers
have received, eid the United Stan, letters from Mr.
W. P. Rebuttals to the 13th ult., in which be states
that the quad= of ratifyiag the onvestion con-
°laded by him with the MOMSn executive. was still
fa supeuse, bet that he expected it would pass the
=as He alas mations that the sett pekoe
y bring a remittance for the Menus.
divitierfital Vera Crux and Tampico of 80,000 to
100A011 ids
sliders to the 12th have been received
therasethrigg . At that date the English mail of the
Bth W set arrived. The coffee market fully main-
tained the previous advance of / abilling, at which
there were buyers. Daring the previous eight days
upwards of 60,000 bags had exchanged bands.. The
troassctioss in agar were on the most limited scale,
sad sales mold only be effected by a reductios is
pries, as beet agar csa be produced to undersell all
cane sugars, sad leave a profit to the grower sad
niansfaseaua ; Wharf, however,' no ortmliarloon fa
peat of quality. Cotton from England to the extent
of 2,600-bales had realised an advance of 1 whining,
which would pay the importers a good profit. Dye
woods and spices were in demised. Is hides
the tramations were restricted by the var 7 small
maks. Indigo was is current request, direct import-
slims from Bengal bad realised 2.11$ to 3.1/,
marks bases Coen maintained former prices. Train
oil was ly bought Hamburg clear at 62 marks;
CI 60 marks. Lead wag in active demand at
14 marks. In copper a deal of Wagon was dose at
advanced prices; 1,000 anthers spelter bad realised
9$ marks. Is grain very little; was doing, bat prices
remained firm. Malting barleys were in demand for
export to England, and the price had advanced 3 to 4
dollars. Mowry was abundant. The demand fa
gold had ceased, and the price bed de:lined to 437$
woks, the mark tine in bases Fonds and shwa
were dull, but without any variation in pries Ri-
dings on London, 13.10/, three months.
The amount of gold deposited ia the New Orleans
branch mint, since September, 1848, was 9,784,424
standard ounces. equal in vales to 182,036 dole. 78c.,
of which 43,000 dots. had been coined, and the
Sgerwas in coons of preparation for the lame
from Kingston, Jamaica extend to the 20th
September. They are very barren of intelligence,
especially with regard to the political coodition of
Jamaica, the new House of Assembly not having yet
got fairly to work, as then were many preliminary
questions of contested returns and the like to be dis-
posed of. The governor's speech, though conciliating
in tone, and abounding in courteous • xpreatioes,
gave no hope or intimation tbat the executive would
yieki a Jot on the retrenchment question; on
the contrary, it argued and reasoned altogether is
the sense of advising the house to abandon its ex-
treme position, and proceed to the ordinary business
before It. The address in answer, which was carried
by 24 to 14, reiterated the views already expreesed
by the house, and to which the present dispute is
owing.
Commercial letters from Kingston, dated the 19th,
state that sugar was slightly advancing in value.
Brandy remained at previous quotations. Of codfish
the stock was large and the consumption small; the
last sales were made at is. 6d. per 100 lbs. in auks,
sad 120. to 13s. per box. Flour (Philadelphia) sold
L33s. per barrel, and the market was bare of
article. Mar Carolina rice there wan no demised.
Beam letters dated the 13th Sept., state that the
loather was avowable for the growing cane. White
agars were quoted at 10e. ta 111 e., and choice ditto
at 12e., yaw/ at 61s to 61e. There were so Mar
Sovadoso offering. Molars were worth 2/ to 3 rues.
Coffee continued seam at 6c. Of rice 400 casks
were sold at 11/ to / ; the stock on band for disposal
was 1,400 casts. Freights were dull, and were
quoted 21. to 21.20. 6d. for the North Sea. Exchange
as London was quoted 14 and 15, and on New York
and Britain 4 per cent. prem.
Advises from Masons report no Mostarado
sugars in the market ; the last sales were at 6 to 6/.
The stock eager was 18,000 boxes. Planters were
firm. Browne wen quoted at 61c., yellow 6jo to
kr fair quality. Whites were scarce and pekoes
seminal. Molasses were worth 2so. to 30. ; the
Mock on hand was light, and mostly sour.
We regret to learn from Manchester that there has
bees a heavy failure in that town—the house of Mr.
Charles Poolly, cotton-spinner, whose mills are situ-
ated at Hulme. The liabilities are about 26,0001.
The particulars relative to the wets are not yet
knows.

MMllls—Although a fair paprika d Wino
Ina Maw trosseted slam our last (asy, Bee Mita, sberisal),
many havers have mot been able to have SMIr eiders mar
plead within the period orieinally owed age&
Scads Priam, South Basset, Cooderem, Terthisep and
Barrier, Tyelawny, and other sham, hews ball idummill.
la Wheel Adam • very considerable hipmesseat be NINO
*SO the dmeevery is 'formatted to be worth flea XL *a
sat. pie ha. There have been icquiriss for Birch Tee ahem
Mk here and in the matry, at about air priest gaol&
Mee, sad some hesiness done in Wheal Primo.
Shares is the Mamba mina have ebsorted heads
the week s—Devon Great Comb, But Wheel Bate
hed Baited, Stray Park, Trolaway, Tribe's*, Trevishey sad
Birch Tor and Tidier, Tamar Combs,
sit and Bedford, Tale's h Comb.
loath Taw. Franca, Trethellan, West Cambia,
Wait Wheal Tdres. Wm Wheal Treasury
Oapt, lihreferfoi Fewer, Cessole Mine, h.avisig, at the fo-
ga,' eel the Abeam. Inspected Mawkorece Mute, has for-
warded a bighlg Imarab's ram:, whirls will be found
smog our Malaglatelligeace. He states it is my rare to
led so gad a eras et topper ore so near where any former
sempaay esesel mothig, as they hates in the 20 he. level ;
be was not, bewear, altogether surprised, as the appar-
elling is the 10 ha. level indicate areethisg good below. He
siosidem the lefalitygood—having Devon Great Console to
tier Bedford United to the east, with arse of the lodes
iambi Rawlins° tr and auntie Lake Mine to the
loath. reldag all things into consideratioa, the water-
power at hark and the very favourable indieatim, he ear
Mae it a wlsable mine, and, with spirited development,
hit =lie to seals a permanently profitable one.
arid St. Anbyn recount meeting was held oa the
9th het, vim a profit of 1261. 10s. Bd. was found for the
Mr moths lading August, which, with the balance from
ism whist, leaves to credit 4371. 6s. 2d. We naderstaad
reevarirroal emeepondence that a valuable beaus of yel.
ore has been eat is these mines from 1 to 2 loot
wits, ea the souse of the eastern drivings.
The meal quarterly mastics of the Celliagtos Mines Co..
=awes Yield as Wednesday; the fissacial statement
a Wm, of 1,6391. 2s. 11d. sgainst the mine less
Some rebeist of 1061.10 e. The Itelly Stay MAIO. whisk, it
appears, is waked aparatelv, sustained a loss oa the three
mouths worlds' of 7191. 7s. 7d., villas, with • balsam'
brought from last mount, taking eredlt for the 21st to.
el 3,0004, leayse a bases against the mine Of
1 111,1914 dd.
At the Tessa matieg. Ilse mama showed amount of
saveMesd ease void 21,2081. lee. U. for the year, 'koala
=MOM k, which, with other receipts. made s •
of 7,111111411 a. 2d., out of which two diddinds have
bosa paid,
_ls 6,7601. ; to the reserve. feed, 6761,,
leaving=4"or. 21. The report will be head
Va.alassppt made by Mr. Stainsby after the Tamar
meeting rag the position of the Tincroft property, it
appears favourable for permenently profitable results,
there being an In eight to the value of upwards of 67,0001.,
with may hundreds of f*thoass of ground still situzplavd.
The direeten, et their meeting oa the 4th instaat, &sand a
dividend of 7s. per share, being 6 per oat. oa the *Asp
capital.
At the Clomblews Meeting, the mounts showed a balm*
igeliat the Mae of 16a 4d. A resolatZeo was passed far the
pashas a • somvengine:

At theiiiitni &no; twasenthly meeting Ohs meats
showed—ens sold (lass dais), 28501.65. 21 , leaving balance
be AVOW of ilvestarers, 5881. ISs Bsl.
Ii Amiga raises, the principal tramactiona have bads is
Weed *,assns, St. Joan del Rey, Imperial Snraias, Os-
pia/o, and Natlintal Brazilian, and a few Aare* I. Gook&
seed end botraliaa. have chanced beads.
etilattars received hen the Linares Wow, dated Obi Ordo
we lease that be beta eammeadei blebbelfsr
du let, lad op to date was found to peahen lb &alp will.
UCHANeIIa AND lITOCIn ABROAD.
Ocr. 11.—Proadra Fundper Or.: Me p OMB., 1051 et.
Obeli Yr Ilase.aabialf ate., imisages :; Oa
OMNI .1101111, LAa.IC 6.341; ea Plea avoneatlta S 114;
is llirm eib, las wialbe; Lb, 101

,
Two o'Cloce.
Vargo yowl thin atoorior at 921 to 1, the closing
esq=dar rs °Tit. "itvi are —suudwort.t
labi (solid ino to $ both kit crag andnoto-umwrow ;
IM November account they mark 921 to 1. The
Um per Coat. Reduced have been dealt in this
111111110( at 91$ and 91 ; the Threm-and-a-Quarter
Par rile. at 921, 1, and $. Exchequer Bills folly
ustatolo yesterday's rates, and have obtained 46e.
sotterne. monism.
stocks have not attracted mach attention
We Misseisg, exempt Mexican, is whisk a good deal
et bubo. has been basest an admits in prise; they
,Or lest done at 271. Portuguem ere again *hem
osi auk 331. For ether stocks the prices have lit
misled frau those (turnout yesterday. Tim dealings are:
Data Four per Cent. Certifioates, at 821; Mexican,
(ex
.Janaary coupon), at 271, 27, and 271. Parson
Acura., at 531 and ; ditto Deferred at 19$; Porto.
guess Converted, at 331. Spanish Five per Conte.,
at 161 and 1; ditto Three per Cents., at 331; the
Passive debt, at 31.
The Frew* Roots. were rather firmer in price at
Paris yesterday. The uststions an 55.70 for the
Three per Cents., and 87.91 kr the Fives.
WIG
rag; gt.1iti.3"21.116j1 ala es" lit 1
par OLOss.Ases.,ll2i jal
JIM. Oa fa 41s.

ii
is
w
ss
Is

_ _
1011110 N lIINI4.
4 pre 01 1 per 03 Owned& 116.. 16* 11
66 per MVP= i Orfor' Deferred DO, 3 *
II per OwA. 63 II 6 pre Ce. Wee, 11114 31 I
6 per Or. Inielea OIL. Si 6 6 we 06 Pamir DAL. WI 4
IMer =I 3
67iLi. AMA la 41 tcrielreirlarZlett
DIM =3.. Det 1114. I par Valais kill 0
•pw oCl.l"6liladrik. ri r . Mi. bt,..311. -
It per 03 lii.. 44 4 asusla . ell toS

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le4my op
M I OsiseL.

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al.
l'ertik4
II i dis.

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46 46 Pm.
4 pm.
r It.
Is II db.
154 111
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oda
19! 11
101 11
K 19 ins.

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1 1 pm
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NON P.

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II Sow
XI 21 As.
a lt
13 14,
13. 14

7 71

1
11 &a
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11 m.
21 12 dia.
NT 112

41-L1 p.
81 $4 par
15 17 re.
82 04
23 27

111

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-i
i pi.
49 49

!AN -pa

48 88 dia.
fl 19 dia.
11 10 die.
12
7 11e.
i dim.
21di pa.
i q
88 89

li -a- sm
W f's

111 11 111
$ 7/ 11/

-i2is --i
db.
10 71

11 11
Of 0
I. S
104

148181 TA• loaf% ier---kiedeire, tie Biases, eel Basses Ayres,
will be nada sp ors Nov. S.

WION WAR= AT LONDON SMUDGE.
Tar Mi-411aialioff. 1/L. a Allawa. Ib. MA
Twassrow—UseialA IPa lilaa.A., 16 10 m•

LONDON, TUESDAY, OCTOBER 18.

Tim West Indians continue to ecimplaio. Each
successive packet brings us reiterated accounts of de-
pression; elevation, and ruin. It matters not that
the aso.pe are abundant,—still they grumble. The
land gives forth its increase, but nevertheless the
planters' hoped are blighted. Looking over the tiles
of papers by the last packet, we see not a single para-
graph that appmrs to hold out a hope of better things.
AgriculWrally, commercially, politically, everything
appears to go on precisely in the old way. The
planter grumble, the merchants apologise for non-re-
mittances, the Assemblies abuse the Governors, the Go-
vernors send home explanatory and private despatches,
and, by next packet, the Colnnial-oflice, no doubt, will
in its tun, send the Gammon tiolorap sheets of in-
structicas about matters which they do not under-
stand, and advke about the administration of affairs
in dependencies on which not a man in the depart-
ment ever set his lint. _ _ _

We aid the other day that the whole system re-
quired change. What ts that system ? In one wotd,
it is a system of" MONOPOLY." The colonial secretary
monopolises the patronage ; a few merchants monopo-
lise the business; a law who were once capitalists
monopolise the land—of the West Indies. Each
complains of the other : each continues to per-
petuate his own abuse. But affairs have reached a
crisis when a change is inevitable. That change may
be brought about reasonably and rationally, or it will
WM. about violently and dishonourably. We must
either have thorough reform in the colonies, or we
must make up our minds to abandon them. The sys-
tem has been such for years past that the West In-
dians have become grata ripe for a change which
should even dissever them from the Bri-
tish connexion. And, for our parts, we see
only one reason why an American expedition, pirati-
cal or otherwise, should not descend on Jamaica just
as well as upon Cuba. The proprietors of the one
island are just as dissatisfied as the proprietors of the
ether. They are just as fully, perhaps they are more
fully, prepared for any change which should ease
them of the burden of Colonial-office jobbing and mis-
management. An American expedition, therefore,
might have just as good a chance in Jamaica es in
Cuba, save only for one circumstance. 'lhs slave-
owners of Louisiana could not descend on
Jamaica without holding out to the planters the
prospect of roestablishing the slave system. And if
they did that they would array the whole coloured
population in hostility to them. 8o that the only
strength England possesses in the west arises from
the only great act of justice which she bestowed
upon her colonies.
But the change which is inevitable may be
brought about reasonably and rationally. It may be
brought about by good government. All parties mast
concede. " The home government," as we said
the other day, " must give up the idea of
saddling lords upon the colonies." The close corpora-
tion presided over by Earl Gassy in Downing-street,
has had for years the monopoly of patronage, place,
and power, an these dependencies. It has misused
and abused it in the grossest and most shameful
fashion. "A colonial appointment" has for years
past in this country been synonymous with a "job."
And the deserving and meritorious have gone mire-
warded—the strongest and best claims have ever toren
neglected—in order that the relatives and friends of 1
the jobbers might be richly provided for from the
coffers of the colonies.

We trait to see the system broken up.
We applaud the agitation of the West In-
dians fur economical reform. As the taxpayers
West Indians have a right to fix the amounts they
will pay to their tax-eaters. And those tax-eaters
must not expect from them the same amount in their
depict depression which they received in days of un-
bounded prosperity. It is the height of absurdity in
the Colontal-ofHos to set its face against this colonial
economy. It is more than an absurdity, it is a
crime; for retrenchment—retrenchment not alone in

government, but In every concern of life —is the one
thing needful for the West Indies, is, in fact, the
only thing that will secure p:osperity for those de-
pendencies.
In order to secure the full advantage of that re-
trenchment, the West Indians themeless, on their
parts, must concede. If the Colonial-office is to blame,
they are not lam so. They may talk of mil-admi-
nistration, but the main source of the evils they are
now enduring lies at their own door. Can anything
have been more profligate or reckless than their own
management of their own estates ? Look at the system
upon which the sugar cultivation has been carried on.
People at home think and talk of a sugar estate as if it
were a tolerably large farm : but it is infinitely more
like a small kingdom. A large sugar plantation in
Jamaica will consist of many thousand acres of land,
some in wood, some in pasterns, some planted with
cane, some with Indian corn, and by far the greater
part uncultivated altogether. This kingdom is go-
verned by an agent living in Kingston, or Spanish
Town, who receives the pay. of a colonial governor
for making an annual visit to it : riding over
the grounds, attended by all the subordinate
officers, and giving dinners during his stay at
" the Great Hones" to all the country round about, at
the expense of the estate. The lienteaant of this magni-
fica is the overseer or busha, who has a house provided
for him, and a salary of 1001. or 1501. a year. Under
him are Wee or four subordinates called book-keepers,
sallow-faced young men educating for overseerships,
each with 501. or 601. salary, and all living in the
house with their board provided for them. On the
same establishment there is also frequently a d,ctor,
and not unfrequently an English_ carpenter or engi-
neer, brought out to teach the War. to use tools.
Fah of these officials his got a brown lady in
residence with him, and most of the brown ladies
have got a retinue of piccaninnies. The ladies and
the pioeaninnies are not paid salaries like the rest,
but they live equally at the expense of the proprietor
and get "pickings" in a variety of shapes, which
none know better ttan the brown ladies how to serape
together. And "mesa" pays for all ; " mesa" who
is at home, poor man, at Clifton or at Cheltenham,
anxiously expecting the next mail, and hoping it may
contain " this my first of exchange" from the Kings-
town agent, who most probably_ is ust preparing to
send him instead thereof a bill "for the expenses
caused by the last hurricane."
But we have described only the " staff ;" if we go
on to speak of the working force of the estate, we
have more extravagances to unfold. First
of all, there are the awe's, each family
occupying a house, and each having his allot-
ment of ground whereon to plant provisions.
We say nothing of the pay of these Degrees. Before
the emancipation the proprietor had to feed and
clothe them. Every week malt provisions and other
sundries were distributed ernes/et them, and every
year they were tobeprovided with ovate, trousers, hats,
handkerchief', and other articles of costume. We
^et all this against the present pay of the effective
labourer. Bat to carry on a sugar estate upon the
present system there must be cattle and machinery.
The proprietor is both a herdsman and a manufac-
turer. There are, perhaps, 30 or 40 oxen, as many
horses, and twice as many mules on the estate.
The oxen an required for ordinary agricul-
tural operations, and to take the sugar for ship-
ment to the coast. The mules are needed to
bring canes from the "hill-*om," and generally for
the upland work of the estate. The horses are less
profitably employed : usually they are for the riding
of the bush., the doctor, the engineer, the carpenter,
the book-keepers, and the brown ladies ; the first
three, perhaps, will have a pair or two of the best of
them for their phaetons ; the overseer's lady, possibly,
may have a couple of ponies for her pony carriage, and
to take the piccaninnies foe a morning's drive. It is

:~,

,
nutessi to eby that all these animals an bred,
reared, fed, and physielied on the property : ell at
the expense of "Massa, who is eujoyang himself in
Uld Well walk,"'-er, if it is winter, at the lire-
" WWI/ lamph's " Coffee-room, at Chel-
beldam.
Than there is the machinery. "The mill" is gene-
* in the West Indies a vary. compliosted maw&
may be a steam mill, a water mill, or a cattle mill.
e last require, an extra herd of cattle, and is the
vest and- meet dielcuit to wont, The votes
works sonording, of to the supply of water.
the mountains it may do admirably in wet
weather; in the lowlands, the steam mill is safer. But,
then' in the low lands feel is expensive, and must
be brought from a distance; besides which,
the steam anew, ander negro management, is
constantly getting out of order. Under either of these
systems, therefore, it not uufrequentlj happens that
the " mill " is brought to a stand-still in the very
midst of the harvest, and in that case all the canes
that are cut grow sour and are useless for the purposes
clanger making. So " Mama " at home is distil)-
, pointed again ; his year's profits are gone ; and he
hu nothing left but to console himself with another
glass of " o. 4," at the pump room, by way of wash-
ing off the extra bile oonasioned by the news that there
is a deficiency instead of a surplus in the annual ac-
counts of his estate.

"Maw," in fact, pays for all. He pays for it out
of what ? The profits of the sugar cane. Nothing
else, remember—nothing else. The houses are not
profitable to him; they are maintained for the benefit
of the agent, the bush., et hoe genus. The timber
is not for him, though the forests of Jamaica abound
with precious trees : dye woods and guaicum, iron
wood and brunette, mahogany and cedar. The fruits
' are not his: pines and pomegranates, oranges and
Arms—these are wanted for "the great hones"
table. The plants are not grown for his consumption,
neither the yam, the banana, the sweet potato, nor
the cassava—these are required for the " bombe"
and his tribe, and the capsicums and peppers are
the " Brown Lady's" perquisites. Tke horses and
mules are not really his: we have shown who they
are wanted for. The Guinea corn or maize is not
grown for his advantage: that is wanted to feed the'
bushes horses end to cram the ducks and chickens in
the " Brown Lady's" aviary. Lest of all, the negroes,
though he pays fur them, are not really employed for
his advantage :—no,—by far the greater part of the
wages he expends go to domestics attending on the
staff, or to black:es employed in the cultivation and
supervision that is necessary to support " the staff."
If these things be true—end they cannot be gain-
said—is not a "retrenchment" necessary far beyond
the small retrenchment of salaries that colonial legis
Wares now propose? We know that we have not told
one half the story of West Indian extravagance yet;
but we have said enough to show what is the source
of the evils which cense us to receive by every packet
such terrible accounts of West Indian ruin. " Ruin r'
—of course there is ruin under such a system : what
else can be expected ?

WE cannot but think, after all, that the Cardinal
Triumvirate at Rome and the despotic FERDINAND
at Naples have taken op a much more consistent poei-
Con than the French, and ttat they are finite right in
rejecting the conditions that M. Dc locouEvtux
seeks or pretends to impose on them.
M. Dc TOCCIDEVILLE, as well as the report
drawn up by M. TmEtta, take it for granted that
the Romans are unfit for representative government.
They are for restoring to the Pope his lull autho-
rity, which the Pope has declared be will exercise, as
I beton., through ecclesiastics. The Pope will promise
no reform cf the law. He will merely have a council
of his own choosing, and what this council is to be is
pretty plain from the fact that he hu exiled from the
country, by his amnesty, every man that has ever
been chosen by the people, or who sate as a repre-
sentative.

Now, the Pope being determined to pursue this
system of government, is, we think, perfectly right
in granting no real amnesty, and in banishing every
honest and moderately liberal man from the country.
Better far drive such men into exile than induce
them to remain to witness a regime and a mess of
popular discontent, which must excite rebellion and
must either arouse or render suspected every liberal
man. To exile them is mercy, to recall them by
amnesty a cruel trap. We are, therefore, rejoiced to
hear that the Pope being res. lved to reign as a priest
and a despot, is at the same time resolved tl banilb
every honest liberal and enlightened man from his
dominions.

We are also glad to hear that the King of NAPLES
has taken the same frank resolve. Hitherto the
moderate constitutionalists were tolerated and allowed
to walk the streets of Naples. For his Majesty still
held out the hope that he would retain the
form and semblance of constitutional government.
Some French statesmen, however, have declared,
in concert with Austria, that Italians ate unfit
for representative government. What an opinion to
be put forth by a commission of the French Na-
tional Assembly! The King of NAPLES deems it
unnecessary to keep up the farce of a representa-
tive system. And he has in consequence ordered a
regular bathe, for killing the constitutionalists, es
his father killed hares and partridges. We are
sorry to say that his Majesty's gamekeepers
have bagged several thousand patriots; some scores
alone contriving to escape. The Times correspondent,
well informed on these matters, being intimately
acquainted with FILANGIERI and his brother jailors,
estimates the political prisoners at from 1,600 to
40,000! This gentleman was loud in his promises of
the future wisdom, clemency, and constitutionalism
which wu to mark the government of the Two
/Mollies. Now, however, he finds his "worst antici-
pations nalibed," both in Rome and Naples.
Rome he describes as sick at heart. A
few weeks since it was, &wording to the
same authority, unanimous to welcome OUDINOT.
The pollee of Naples he represents us favouring " its
blind and despotic course, capturing and exiling the
most clever men and the most devoted friends to the
king."
The condition of Italy at present is, in fact. pre-
cisely that of Spain in 1823, when the Duke
d'ANoottx.EmE marched into it, and rest ,red FERDI-
NAND. The poor duke with one hand made some
feeble paper protest on behalf of constitutional liber-
ties, whilst with the other he sent French troops to
keep guard around the scaffold of RtEoo.
FERDINAND of course replaced the Cortes by the
Inquisition, and would have strangled the moderados,
such as MAREntaz and Tones°, with the name
ferocity u ARGUELLES. The Italy of 1849 is pre-
cisely the same. The sovereign., the Pope included,
WO all FERDINAND the SEVENTHS. The French sol-
diers beleaguering the poor little gate of San Pancrazio
are precisely the French soldiers storming the Trace-
dero. LOUIS NAPOLEON is merely Louis XVIIL, and
M. TIGERS repeats the sentiments of M. DE VILLILE.
How long FERDINAND'S reign listed we all know.
What became of the monks, friars, clergy, and inqui-
sition in Spain, is also notorious, se that France sent a
legion to help to undo in 1833 what she helped to
do in 1823. The fate and the freedom of Italy are
evidently adjourned to a futons revolution. The
seeds of this have been freely and widely sown.
The population has been made fully acquainted with
its nghts and with its strength, for every man
has wielded arms, and not a few retain them.
Of the difference between priestly domination and
expeacperiebnlece.selfzdvwernmhAtetitythe
mightltsli Italians
thaovfec?alnitrashadt
and experience, the Cardinals, and the King of
NAPLES, the Pope, and the women-flogging Austrian
generals throughout Tuscany and the Romagna, as
well as Lombardy, will teach them.
There is no medium between a government sup-
ported by military force and a government in accord-
ance with the wishes of the people. And by people
we do not mean the rabble, but that enlightened and
large body of citizens which form a public opinion.
If a government is to be attempted in opposition to
this opinion, it can only be done by armed bands,
either foreign or highly bribed to oppress and to be
merciless. The Italian sovereigns are going to try
the military system, and the French evidently approve
of it. They forget that the Pope is not and cannot be
a military chief, and that his adoption of this system
necessarily places him under the suzerainty of either
France or Austria. Wherever he turns, therefore,
the independence piths Pope is ;gone. As the head of
a constitutional Roman state, with limited or constitu-
tional powers, he might indeed maintain Papal indepen-
dence. But with an Austrian or French garrison, he
cannot be considered as master either of himself or his
people. And as to au attempt to continue his tyranny,
without the aid of France or Austria, and by means

of Swiss and Epanish Pheromones—that would h,
only a itemise= ment of civil war and partial hoe,.
Factions before their time.
M. THI RES says in his report that the independees,
of the pope istbetn2an est of each catholic kterest that
the Romans vas ought not to be taken hoe
oousideration, but ought to be enpitiably escritioed
it. bLaxitimax. never uttered such a monstrosity, Am
the most monstrous part of it is, that the amigo,
of the population of the Roman states, arthisvell.hy
the French expedition, sad its forthooming
over to the despotic power of the Pope, doe, sotwon
the independence of his Holiness. On the cotmeary, it it
a mere weatheroock that M. Thins is
by nailing
top of the Vatican, to be buffetted ever ee ,y ew
although worshipped by semi-eatholics, law Tr.
Mims, as fixed and as infallible.

LORD Bsoucnisit has found his proper riot. et :1
function at list. Having tried in turn to enact the pub •
of whig statesman and tory statesman, of Lord Chu;
cellor and novel writer, cum muftis obis, he by 14. I
corns a Druid—entered an order u obsolete is hi
own claims to public respect and confidence.
Lord BROUGHAM, we learn from a 10%1 t
has become a member of the order of Ancient
having entered the Northern Lights Lodge, at
rith. He has taken an appropriate step, sad la le
appropriate manner. Henceforth the mystery of tho
Druidical circle is a mystery no longer. It us'
typal of the circular course in politics to be fleo
by the pee: Druid to come. And the noble mod
learned lord is indeed ft Northern Light, ss brillisatot
fidgett7, and fantastic as the stammers of the Ames
Borealis—to say nothing of his debit man Edinboro
Reviewer.

Lord BitOromat's new character is redolent at
associations touching and picturesque. He is an
carnation of GRAY'S Bard and COWPER'S Di*
Like the former we can hear hint scattering IQ
dismay o'er the crested pride of his adversoriss ash
rugs his own death song : like the latter we can hist
him sing beneath the spreading oak—
Every burning word he spoke
Full of rage and full of grief.
To complete the picture, wo have only to fancy
arrayed in the costume of the wooden Colossits-ia
Guildtall, supposed to represent an ancient Druid.
Lord BROUGEIAM, according to the Parisian sees
papers, has bad an interview with the President
the French Republic. The theme of their discoara
was reported at Paris to have been the Austria'
question. His lordship's late controversy wit
MAZZINI would rather surgeet the idea that bio
object was to rouse the energies of Louis NAPOLIIOII
much in the aurae way that CAWPEII'a Druid trivia
stimulate those of Boadicea.
Rowe shall perish, write the word
In the blood that she bath spilt,
Perish hopeless as abhorred,
Deep la ruin as in guilt.
Rome for congaed far renowned,
Tramples on a thousand states ;
Boon her pride shall ki.s the ground,
Hark, the Gaul is at bar gates

Lord Baouosem's assumption of the Drtedivil
character imparts a degree of probability to the
statement of the Conztees of LANDSPELT that it wee
on the strength of his councils and representatioss
that she took unto herself ber last husband.
C/EBAZ, who represents the Druidical system of
mcrals as prevailing in Britain, tells us that it war
customary among the Britons for one wife to have
dozen hubbazds.

Still there does appear something anomalous la
Lord BROUGHAM'S becoming a Druid. One dNs
principles of the order was never to csmmit Wit
wisdom to writing, but a more multifarious walk'
than Lord BROUGHAM hie age has not known.
On tha other hand, we are told that the Druids
were celebrated for the enormous number of verses
they committed to memory, and their volebility
in repeating them. Few have equalled Lord
BROUGHAM for retentive memory of wnat he has
seen, read, or heard repeated ; and his powers of pro.
longed oral communication are unrivalled.

We tremble fur the patience of the Hons. of Lords,
now that his lordship has entered an order, the rules
of which debar his giving vent to his loquacity in
reviews, pamphlets, or books, and confine blot to hie
tongue as the medium of pouring out the redundant
and perennial stream of words which springs up
within him. But perhaps his brother peers may suo•
need in persuading bim that, as a Dm:nil, Stonehenge
is the only fitting scene for the exercise of his lova-
city. In that case his lordship may, without injury
to any created being, rival the winds which lw
over Salisbury Plain, and screech and whistle thro;
the mysterious and colossal blocks of that ancient
fans.

CONVENTION BETWEEN PRUSSIA AND
AUSTRIA RELATIVE TO THE ESTABLISH•
MENT OF A PROVISIONAL CENTRAL
POWER FOR GERMANY.

This treaty between Prussia and Austria was signal
at Vienna on the 30th of September, and ratified br
Prussia on the 10th of October. The ratification of
Austria is expected in some days. The followingio
the text.

An introductory article for the purpose of dtoorously
effecting the retreat of the Archduke Vicar is followed
by these paragraphs :
1. The governments of the German confederation, in eta-
Bert with the Vicar, agree on a provisional form or interim,
during which time Austria and Prumia assume the adminie•
tratioa of the central power for the German confederation,
in the name of all the governments of the confederation,
until the let of May, 1860, unless this power cannot be treas.
tarred to a definitive power before that period.
2. The object of the interim is to maintein the Germs
confederation as a union founded on the right of the states
appertaining to the German princes and of the free cities, to
having preserved the independence and the integrity of their
state. comprired in the confederation, and to having main-
tained the internal and external security of Germany.
3. 8o long as the interim lasts, the affair of the German
constitution is left to the free concertation of the individual
states.

It is the lame with those affair* which by art. 6 of the
Federative Act belong to the full assembly of the diet.
4. If, at the expiration of the interim, the German consti-
tutional questiew should be not yet settled, the German go-
Tern ments will some to an understanding with respect to the
prolongation of the present treaty.
6. The affairs hitherto carried en by the provisional cen-
tral power, la so far as, according to the legislation of the
confederation, they came within the competency of the late
assembly, are transmitted for the entire duration of the in-
terim, to a dietary committee, to which Prussia mid Austria
appoint each two members, to sit at Frankfort. The other
governments can be represented by plenipotentiaries acme-
dited to the said committee, either by each individual state or
by several states conjointly.
6. The committee of the confederation carries on affairs
in an independent manner, but are *growth.' to the powers
that respectively nominate theta. It forum its reeolutiote
after deliberation in common. U the members cannot arm,
the decision takes place by ensansof negotiation between the
governments of Pruett* and Austria, and which latter, in
case of need, will refer to a judgment by arbitration. This
judgment is pronounced by three governments of the confe-
deration. Ia each case Austria will nominate each time one
of the arbiters and Perugia the other. The two governments
thus designed have to decide upon a third arbiter for cow
Fletiag the tribunal of arbitration. The membim of the
committee of the confederation divide the affairs assigned to
them in this mode, that according to the legislation of the
existing confederation, and arp-eially according to the mili-
tary ceustition of the confederation, they either personally
carry them on or else direct and superintend the carrying of
them on.
7. As soon as the ratification by the governments aforesaid
of the present proposition shall have taken plan, the Arch-
duke Vicar will renounce his dignity and depose the rights
and duties of the confederation that have been confided to
him into the hands of the Emperor of Austria and the King
of Prussia.

The Right Ron. H. Laboucbere left Stoke pater-
day, for his seat, Ovenstowey, Somersetahire.
THE WHALE LATELY CAUGHT IN THE THAMES.--
The whale which was caught in the Thamcs on Monday
week is likely to be the cause of litigation. On Saturday
last the Lord Mayor, attended by the City solicitor, pro-
weeded to Grays, where the whale lies oaths. Meagan's Lime
Wharf, for the purpose of officially asserting his claim to the
fish as conservator of the river, and giving it up to tht servios
of the captors upon condition that they would not convey it to
London or Gravesend for exhibition, nor allow it to become
, a nuisance anywhere. His lordship found, upon approach-
ing the place in whisk the whale lay, that it was very mew
sexy to insist upon the last condition, for the stench proceed-
ing from the enormous mass had already become intolerable.
The moment his lordship announced his intention to give tip
the prize to those who Lad had the trouble to enmesh and
kill the whale there started up a number of claimants, who
wen advised to refer their claims to the arbitration of Capt.
Rowland, the principal harbour master. Several of teen
erPeeneed their willingness to abide by the harbour master's
decision. It is, however, supposed that there an some dis-
sentients to the proposition, and that it is likely the gentle-
men of the law will take a turn out of the whale b. fore the
exhibition now apes at Gm' at armee a head shall We
concluded.

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