The Express.
London, England, 1853-01-03 00:00:00

THE NEW ELECTIONS.

ELECTIONS TO COME.
Mousier, JAN. 3, 1333.
IN Till ROOM OP
pecrtra
Ram Mr C. WOOD.
Truisms', JAIL 4, 1633.
City et Lomita Lerd June RriseLL.
r:lieersity Oziwil
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l•r.:hto t Lord A. lizuorr.
L •f • • Right Hoe 34. T. BAiNns.
Lichfield Lord A. PAGer.
SI tabor-013h Lord ERNEbT Bare'.
C.ty ef Gleme‘ter Admiral Ba zzzzz Y.
WYDNESDAY, JAM. 3, 1833.
Southamptos Sir A. E. J. COCA/MAIN.
TDC tweet, JAN. 6, 1833.
Aelmbery
'Eh. declines fur the county of South Wilt..., and f.r the
kph sod Seoul counties and boroughs tnade vacant, are
sot yul Mud.

CARLISLE ELECITON.
RETURN OF SIR J. GRAHAM.
CARLISLE, SATURDAY ETINISID.
The election for this city, consequent on Sir
Jam, Graham's. acceptance of office, took piece to-flay, and
resulted in the re-election ut the right boo. baronet. The
who, by way of covering their secret movements and
enating a disersion,—had put forward Mr. Charles Stur-
geon, barrister, on " radical principles," bad been for the
fast few days ..ctively enraged in an attempt to get up a
re.ol:•:!i,n to Mr. S. N. Hodgson (the Derbyite
t. did candidate at the election of July last),
insitins him to contest the city in opposition to
:sir James Graham. To assist them in this proceeding they
imported from Laudon two strangers, whose connection
with the Carlton Club is supposed to be of a very intimate
chuatter. One of these individuals was a moustachioed
who cave himself out, to some parties who pressed
him rather char, as Lord Itanelagh," and who, when
quo clouted by one of the el. etors as to certain matters,
elf red to tight him. Around his companion hangs a mys
ter) th it has been fully cleared up. He was • stout
beat man, wearing spectacles, and was of an average sta
tam by some he was said to be " Billy Holmes," a
wan of the late whipper-in of the Writs ; by others
he was hiatus' at as " Morgan ; " and by all he was looked
es with siripieioe. The importation of this brace of
worthies was generally felt by the constituency as an insult,
sad as their rreeptiou was anything but of an encouraging
character, they heat u retreat by the midnight train—Mr.
W. N. Hodgson bidding them a sad farewell at the station
before this, welt away.
When the movements of the tories became known a can-
vas was instituted ny the liberal party on behalf of Sir
James Graham, and the result was such as, in the event of
a poll, to leave no doubt of the right hon. baronet being
returned by a larger majority than at the former election.
The tones, however, del not show fight, but, after having
found eat the hopelessness of any effort they might make,
they left the field to their scapegoat, Mr. Sturgeon, who
deciar.l at a meeting un Friday night that he would poll
his last man, Is ~o, HA the sequel will show, was no man
call.
The nnminat,nn was filed fur II o'clock this morning.
Between 9 the friends of Sir James Graham began
to assemble iu the Coffee House Assembly Room, and at a
quertsr-put 10, preceded by flags and a band of music,
walked in procession to Eden-bridge to meet the right hon.
brunet on his arrival from Netherhy. Sr James, aceom-
copied by one of his sons, met the procession about the
middle of the ',ridge, mid was greeted with loud cheers of
welconv. The procession, which was headed by the mover
and seconder of Sir James's nomination and the leading
liberals of the town and neighbourhood, then turned and
proceeded direct to the market place, where the hustings I
were iretted, the band playing " Hurrah for the Bonnets
of 'flue."
For some time after Sir James's friends hail taken their
places on the hustinge it appeared very doubtful whether
the Chartist candidate would make his eppearanee at all.
Within a few minute', however, of the time appointed for
the nomination, Mr. Sturgeon and his friends emerged
from the Royal Hotel. About the commencement of the
proceedings a heavy shower of rain came on, but shortly
after Sir James Graham commenced his address it
brightened up, and the crowd, which was considerable, be-
came speedily very attach augmented.
PE INK Duos, Esq., proposed Sir J. Graham.
Mr. JOHN IHVINU seconded the nomination.

Mr. Titomas HIND moved, and Mr. It. I MAY seconded,
the nomination of Mr. Sturgeon.
Sir Jawm Gas sax, who, on presenting himself in front
of the hustings, was received with prolonged cheering, then
addressed the electors. Ile said—Electors and citizens of
Carlisle, I delayed to address you because 1 was uncertain
whether the honourable gentleman on the other side
of the hustings bad been seconded; but I now un-
derstand hem your worthy Mayor that Mr. Stur-
geon has been fur;lo2o/y put in nomination. Now,
gentlemen, your humour is inexhaustible.
When I had the honour of addressing you in July
last, you remained patiert ander • burning sun, on one of
the hottest days I ever knew ; to-day it is my duty to
address you on one of the shoitest as well as one of the
wettest days I ever saw. Let us congratulate ourselves, in
the first place, on our safety. Lord Derby's government
has Imo overthrown, and still the garden of Eden blooms
with flowers as bright as ever ; and, I insure you, I am in
mind and body exactly the same as when I addressed you
here in July last. (Cheers.) Gentlemen, the Derby go-
vernment is overthrown, but the deluge has not come.
(Laughter.) The lountaina of the great deep have not bees
broken up—we have not been swept away. (Hear, hear.)
And yet where is Ur. Perring to-day? Where is my pro-
poser at the teat election ? R here is the gentleman, Mr.
Hough, who seconded me on that occasion ? (Loud
laughter.) I rely on my old friends, Mr. Dixon and'
Mr. Irving they have not shrunk from supporting me
now, as they did before. But what a change in I
the conduct of the opposite party ! Such was their
seal at the last election that Mr. Peering proposed and
Mr. Hough seconded me as a St and proper person to re- I
present you. (Laughter.) What is their conduct now ?
They desert me to-day ; and not only desert me, but, hav-
ing proposed and stesnded me, they presented • petition to
the House of Commons, declaring that I, who they said
was the fittest person to represent them, had been guilty
of almost every crime that can be ascribed to a candidate—
that I had been guilty of bribery—that I had b.en guilty
of treating--that 1 had been guilty of fraud—that I had
been guilty of intimidation—in a word, that I had been
guilty of every posilde crime that can be laid to the
sharge of a representative. (Hear, hear.) Well, now,
gentlemen, it is necessary for those who petition against
the return of a member to enter into recognisancse to
defray the expenses of the petition should it turn out
to be frivolous and vexatious. And who do you think has
been the surety on this occasion ? Such has been the
prosperity arising from fres trade' that Mr. Cowen, •
prosperous man, who has benefited by that fns trade,
which I bad laboured much to establish, en-
tered into a recognisance of 1,0001. for this purpose ; and
because his recognisance was imperfect his petition fell to
the ground. (" Hear, hear," and cheers.) Well, gentle-
men, I ask you again to place in me the confidence which
by so large • mesority at the last election you were willing
to repose in me. (Cheers.) You have been reminded by
Mr. Irvin that it has been said, on high authority, that
Carlisle is a radical constituency, and I, who am fresh
from the contagious atmosphere of Downing-street and
from the regal presence, bring you a dean bill of health.
Lord Derby says that if you an a radical consti-
tuency I am fit to represent you. I rejoice in the
certificate, and am glad to present it to you. Something
has been s,id to-day as to the merit of Mr. Cobden in re-
ference to the repeal of the corn laws. I cordially sub-
scribe to what fell from my friend Mr. Dixon on that subject
—(cheers)—and my lamented chief, the late Sir H. Peel—
*heers)—who, at the head of the government, was able to
awry that great, that important measure through the legis-
lature, frankly acknowledged that great merit, if not the
highest merit, was due to Mr. Cobden. I have been
charged by Lord Derby with having called Mr. Bright my
honourable friend. Am I ashamed of having so called
him Far from it. I admit that it is my.opinion at this
moment that without the Anti-Corn-Law-League, the corn
laws would not have been repealed—(eheers)—and, with
such weather as this—wheat having risen to its present
pric,,, what, let me ask you, would have been the situation
of the immense population of this country with closed
parts? What would have been the condition of the
people now if the repeal of the corn law had not at that
time been triumphantly carried ? (Cheers.) Well, now, it
is raid that I am a tory in disguise. (Laughter.) I think
that is the statement preferred In the address of the hon.
gentleman on ray left (Mr. Sturgeon). If I am a tory in
disguise, I am very unfaithful to the principles of toryism,
for I have been instrumental in overthrowing • tory go-
vernment. (Cheers.) 1 have been charged with conspiring
with others in order to effect this object. Now I don't deny
that I declared that Lord Derby's government was not
worthy of the CerifideOCC of the nation. (Loud cheep.) I
avowed my opposition to it in the face of day, when I pre-
sented myself before vu at the last election, and I told you
that I should give effect to that opinion in the parliament
of the country when the proper opportunity should arrive.
(Great cheering.) I assure you, however, that I was
mat anxious that the government of Lord Derby should
n. 4 be prematurely overthrown. (Loud sheen) I was
inset anxious that those boasted financial measures which
hfil been trumpeted for.h with so rrito.h promise and with
so much grandilo ag should be brought to the
test, and that we should see those measures which professed
to give relief to every class represented as suffering, and
bestow universal contentment and satisfaction. (Cheer) I
was against the premature dissolution of the government.
*edited at last the satisfaction of seeing these measures
produced. What were they? They embraced a plan ander corer of protection being renounced, and all claim on
the part of the landlords for compensation, as it was called,
for local burdens being rejected, by the partial
repeal
of the malt and hop taxes to give a premium on the
inentmed consumption of those articles of produce,
sad, as I think, when coupled with the other pro-
feta*, at the expense of the community. (Cheers.)
Ma eitisfird that the repeal of half the malt and hop
fetes, whatever may be your taste hare fur ale—and I
think on the Border peop:o like whisky quite as well—
SI ta4l.ter)—espeeaily when you consider that into the
%twll' beer malt aul hops do not eater very lazgely—
(•lud laughter)-1 am 'Milled that the repeal of half the
malt and hop taxes would not to any man now before me
have reduced the once of • quart of ale by one farthing.
(Laegliscr and loud applamie.) Go the other hand, wiiat
was proposed to be done with the inhabitants of the towns

It was proposed to impose on theta • doable beast tax—
adding • hesolzed per cent. to the tax you now pay on
houses—and with reference to the income tax at protest
paid ea all incomes above 161.1 e, it was proposed to bring
that tax down to incomes of 1001., and in certain cir-
cumstances, incomes of 60/. There is a particular class a
small incomes which this measure would have reached.
namely, those of skilled artisans—men just above the con-
dition ul labourers, and on them this double house tax,
coupled with the income tax, would have operated with
peculiar hardship; and, entertaining this opinion, I did not
hesitate to vote against the proposal, and it was rejected by
• majority of the House of Commons. (Long cuutineed
cheering.) The effect of that vote was that Lord Derby
retired (rum the government. It was entrusted to a fri
of mine—my Lord Aberdeen—to form • governmeat,
and he has succeeded in bringing together, in his ad-
ministration, some of the most distinguished men who,
have taken part in public affairs during the last twenty.
fire or thirty years. (Loud cheers.) My friend, Mr.
Dixon, in referring to the past, has alluded to the pest
which I occupied under the administration of Lord Grey,
and it is my pleasure and pride in the present government
again to be associated with three of my former colleagues, '
who were the authors of the Reform Act. I mean my
Lord Lansdowne, my Lord John Russell, and my Lord
Palmerston. (Loud churn.) Wo have heard something
of purity of election. I perceive you are all aware of the
great disclosures which have taken place in parliament
with reference to the Derby mode of carrying on elections.
('('he sarcastic manner in which the right honour-
able baronet emphasised the word " Derby " eli-
cited peals of laughter and loud applause.) You
have heard of Mr. Flewker. (Laughter.) Yoe
have heard of Mr. Frail. (Renewed laughter.) I
believe I have got • document here of which 1 mean be
make a new year's present to my friend Mr. Steel. This,
gentlemen, mind you, is not bribery—(laughter)—it will
not be considered as such; hut I recoutineud th:s docu
went to Mr. Steel's notice. lie may treat it as a twelfth
cake, and cut slices off it from time to time., and I can as.
sure you they will edify you and amuse pee exceedingly.
(Great laughter and cheering) What does this document
contain ? It contains • vast variety of letters from Major
lieresford, a member of the late government, to Mr.
Flewker, and also to Mr. Frail, and there is a moat curious
document here—a letter from Mr. Frail, who was staying at
the King's Arms, Carlisle, bearing the signature of " Wil-
liam Nilson;" and in his evidence he states he was sent do en
Ito Carlisle by Mr. Holmes, that he was on terms of intimacy
with all the managers of the election of Mr. Hodgson in
ISIS, that to the professional men he was known by the
name of "Frail," but that to all other persons attending
the committee he passed under the name of" Nilson." lie
says he was dawn repeatedly at the Carlisle election,. There
is also here a remarkable letter from M 'jot Beresford, say-
ing that there wss required for Derby a cafe and trust-
worthy man, " with quickness and judgment "—(load
laughter)—who was to go from Shrewsbury and put on his
card that he came from Chester. Mr. Frail appeared hen
as Mr. Nilson, at other places as Mr. Mason, aid at others
again as Mr. Johnson. Ile appeared always under
feigned names, and sometimes, when he had sub agents,
they were to come in spectacles and wigs in order
that they might not be known. (G-eat laughter.)
I should be sorry to speak in terms wanting in courtesy of
a candidate nominated by any elector: of Carlisle; hag, i
looking at the address of the hon. gentleman, I am at la Ms
to understand by whom he is introduced hen—whether be
is that gentleman with " judgment and quickness "
(laughter)that "good and safe man '—(renewed
laughter)—ur what are his relations with the city of Cu-
lisle—what are his relations with those particular parties
who have hitherto contested elections in this city ? (Loud
laughter.) lam sure the hon. gentleman will give you
satisfactory explanations on this subject. (Loud applause.)
But now, gentlemen, I would not for one moment wish
to detain you
.lay any needless speculations on
the propositions which the hon. gentleman calls
upon you to support. (Hear, bear.) I suppose there
are such things as errors of the press; but I hold in my
hand an address which certainly, if the education test were
applied, would not stand it. There are specimens of:spelling
here which may perhaps surprise you. We have the word
coalition spelt with an " s," and the word " priuciple"
spelt " principal." (Loud laughter.)) Therefore I say the
education test cannot be applied. But let us now rather
try.- (interruption)—let us try the substance of this procla-
'nation or address rather than its typography. (" Hear,
hear," and laughter.) The hon. gentleman relies on what
he calls "manhood suffrage," and I presume slthough
there are other points from which I do not dis-
sent that he appears here in favour of the
" Five Points of the Charter." (Hear, hear.) Man-
hood suffrage ; let us consider what that is. Manhood
suffrage would admit to the right of voting in the country
every pauper receiving parish relief, who would come up
to the poll under the direction of the keeper of the work-
house. (Hear, hear.) Manhood suffrage would admit to
the poll every servant of the government—every customs
officer, every excise officer, every person under the pay and
in the service of the government; and it would, in these
latter times, admit that favoured class composing the militia
in whom Mr. Walpole had proposed to vest the franchise.—
(loud laughter)—and who would Ira marched to the poll by 1
the drum-major and under the influence of martial
law. (Loud cheers.) I cannot, then, say that I am
in favour of " manhood suffrage ; " but I do say,
what Mr. Fox said some forty years ago, " that
in my opinion Is the best suffrage which admits the
largest number of people to the exercise of the franchise,
who are endowed with intelligence sufficient to make a free
choice, and with independence of station earned by thrift
sufficient to vindicate their choice." (Cheers.) Now, gen-
tlemen, I said to you from this hustings before, that con-
sidering the growing intelligence of the people of this
country, considering their growing wealth, from the happy
change which has already been effected, giving them
greater command over the necessaries of life, the time has
arrived when, with safety to the institutions of the country,
the franchise may be considerably extruded. (Cheers.)
The next point in the hon. gentleman's address is the
ballot. Now, I will not flinch from the question of the
ballot —it would be unmanly if I were to do so.
There is no man who views with more disgust than I do
the intimidation, the bribery, the corrupt practices which
have so long prevailed and which did prevail at the last
general election. (Hear, hear.) I say it is cruel, when
men poetess a privilege which they ought to exercise freely
and independently—whether landlords or residents in
towns—to intimidate them by threats, and to excite the
fear that, if they do not vote in • particular way, they will
lose either their farm or their customer. (Cheers.) It is
unworthy this great country that such a system of tyranny
and oppression should be tolerated ; and I am willing to
entertain any proposition which may put an end to it; but
I cannot satisfy myself that the ballot would prove
an effectual remedy. If the ballot is to be made
effectual, the right of voting by force of law must
be universally secret. Now, 1 say in this country
yeti cannot enact such secresy ; and I say without universal
Heresy, the ballot would be flagrantly ineffective. If the
landlord desires to control the vote of his tenant, and it be
optional whether he vote secretly or openly, the landlord
will say." I insist upon you giving an open vote—if you
vote secretly, I will presume that you vote against my
wishes, and will act accordingly." (Hear, hear.) Such
would be the language of the customer to the tradesmen, and
of the employer to his workmen. (Hear, hear.) With re-
gard to bribery and intimidation, then, I say that the
ballot is no security, unless secret voting is made com-
pulsory. You cannot make it compulsory, for men
will exercise their franchise openly if they think
lit. tinder the operation of the ballot, your small con-
stituencies would fall a prey to the Flewken, the
Fruity, and the men with " judgment and quickness,"
who would come down and treat with persons pos-
sessing large influence, and I believe that boroughs
would then be bought at a much lower price than they are
now. Looking, then, at the question deliberately, whilst I
am ready to entertain any proposition to give the voter
security for the exercise of the franchise, I cannot satisfy
myself that the ballot is effectual for that purpose. (Hear,
hear.) It is easy to talk of " manhood suffrage ; it is easy
to talk of the ballot as a blessing on the people on whom it
is conferred ; but let me entreat you to remember well,
with all the imperfections in our government, the freedom
and the blessings you enjoy. In Europe you are the only
people who really enjoy perfect freedom of speech, freedom
of adieu, and control over the servants of the crown—a
control which you are exercising to-day in reference to my-
self. (Cheers.) You enjoy the utmost liberty men can
desire—the liberty of doing everything short of injustice to
your neighbours ; and although I admit there are
imperfections—great imperfections—requiring to be re- I
medied, let me exhort you to think twice before
you support " manhood suffrage." (Hear, heart.) Look
abroad. There is Italy—a garrison of foreign armies
(Hear, hear.) There is Gernsany—suace 1848 everything
like representative institutions has been put down. and
that great country too is the camp of hostile armies. There
is France—once the sat of represeatative government—.
distinguished (or its success in arts, in literature, and foe
almost all the accomplishments which adorn mankind: uni-
versal suffrage and the ballot have been established there,
and look at the result—nearly forty millions of men pre►
trate at the feet of one single man, that man the victor over
their liberties, and all their right* and liberties prostrate la
the dust. (Cheers.) Geutlemen, I will not deceive you.
I must pause before I give • pledge in favour of universal
suffrage or the ballot. I would be unworthy of your
confidence if I did so. (Hear, hear.) I- am fa-
vourable to an extension of the suffrage, and I am
favourable to protection to the voter by any memo
consistent with that open manly conduct which
is the characteristic of Englishmen; but I should deceive
._ - . . -

you if I gave a pledge in fa-vour ofinlversal suffrage or the
ballot. (Hear.) There is in the address of the honourable
gentleman something about the qualification of members.
I have no particular penchant for it; but I believe it to
be now almost a fiction of the law. Any men can obtain a
qualification by the payment of 601., and I do not see why
a member should be ezposed to even that fine. I have no
fancy, then, for property qualification. Then comes the
fourth point—the payment of members. Now, gentlemen,
persons in Carlisle know what Sturgeon is; and let us come
to an understanding with this candidate. Let me advise
you ono thing—don't pay for your Sturgeon. (Laughter.) I
would advise you by no means to bring down men from Lon-
don on special retainers—not knowing who they are—but send
them back to those who sent them here. (Loud cheers.) I
know not whether there is any other point in the hon. gen-
tleman's address to which it is necessary for me to advert.
(Mr. Sturgeon—" Short parliaments.') Well, Mr. Stur-
geon comes here as one of the school of Major Cartwright,
and the point he has put reminds me of a witty saying of
She,idae, who, when asked at the Stafford election whether
ho was is favour of annual parliaments, said, "Oh, yea,
oftener, if needs be." (Laughter.) Now, I have sat only
a mouth in the new parliament, and after the lapse of six
months I have to come before you again for re-election ;
so that, gentlemen, your elections have of late not been an-
nual but "oftener ii needs be." Is that peculiar to Cat-