The Express.
London, England, 1856-03-04 00:00:00

LONDON, TUESDAY EVENING, MARCH 4, 1868.

DESPATCHES PROM GIN.

(Fres a Sapplasisat se W Odosatia.)
WAR DEPARTMENT, Masai 3.
Lord Penman has this day mewed two des-
patches and an enclosure, of which the following are
copies, addressed to his lordship by General Sir
Codringtos,
Sebastopol, Rob. la
My Lord,—l have the honour to acquaint year
lordship that a Russian force, estimated at about
3,000 infantry and Cossacks, appeared on the morn-
ing of the 12th instant on the ridge of Kerdoubel,
above the valley of Beidar, bat retired after a short

The French engineers blew up, on the 12th inst.,
two porLions of the aqueduct which formerly supplied
the docks of Sebastopol.
Some blasting experiments bare bees made on the
walls of the large barracks, near the dockyard, and
the mining is in progress.
The weather, for some days pest, has been showing
the gradual approach of sio, and the health e
es outhelir lyst
°instal Sir Colin Campbell rejoined this army on
the 14th instant.—l have,

i for disregarding in the 'lightest degree the Eamon
1 lel

"The Emperor is the chief business man of the
empire. He does everything. Every mats who has
any authority whatever in the *spire gets it from the
Emperor direct, mad te amount able to him aloae. Is
Ramis no man moves without a passport, and every
Russian's mange is registered in hte polio, distriet ; if
he steps beyond that line, it must hely the Simperer's
authority. Once a year every Russian has to swear
before Haman that whatever the Emperor does, er
may do, is right. The privilege is paid for every
twelve months. If • Russian wishes to Mange his
tritium% even to the next door, he mart have per.
mission from the polies, wait three days before he
moves, and pay for the privilege of locomotion, as he
pays for every official paper he takes oat; all of
which makes it expensive to breathe, mach more to
move, in Russia. No contract is binding, no title to
real estate cm be transferred, except on stamped
paper. The per costar that goes to the government
sea tax for the sheet depends em the value of the

ors. Every Remiss is a mestere of the Emperor.
Everything that belongs to a Russian beings to the
Emperor. The great retake are held by the nobles ;
bet their titles exist at the will of the Emperor. He
eta emanate their property at any Instant; and
they are as absolutely hie slaves as are the meanest
ails serfs.
a Only coo great railway is finished in Ruda :
lids is them St. Petersburg to Moscow. The Warsaw
Beadle seinpieted only thirty mike—from Bt. Peters-
burg b Gatthen. A portion of the rest of the road
mnisd, bet nothing more has been done to it sin°e
the war began. They hays no large canal. in Roe-
eta; those which exist being only short slakes
between the rivers to promote internal =ripens.
" Amos the pablio works of the nagin, for
certification or defence, the steamiest are these of
Croustade, embracing the ft:maiming in the Baltic,
all of which are built with as eye to the prelesdon of
this place. CreaMmit is the eboeboailsee of the
capital. It is the abler thresibell of the empire. If
Peter the Great weld eases limn his tomb, he would
eseent hie nesessers it having carried out his
idea of prelesdag all approaches to the ciapi-
;Vma. And yet Cronatacit came very near being
talon last year. And it alma have been taken.
It was only • series of blunders that prevented it. If an
Animism 'agleam wbo Enlish naval
'Abend& hen directed the lest et Admiral Dundee
hot yen he would have taken Croustade. But
the Admiral was afraid of infernal submarine
maims; sad on the day that everybody expected
Orenstadt would be taken he retired! The English
list threw shells into the town, which exploded and
set the place on fire in several please. The fleet
meld have come up near enough to have supported
ththr 'deemed inn batteries; and if a bold and well-
Abated moment had been made on that day the
Uwe would have been carried or burned to mhos.
Seca wee the opines of the anthems of the Enna
empire, who stood aa the ramparts sad looked as the
imme._ They expiated it. Thus Russia was moved,
is
•Oseest was spared.
Chtmthadt is about two mike in length by half a
ediewide. It is strongly fortified on the month side,
'He Mb open on the north. The channel being on
the innases aide, most of the gone are planted to
esmened it. Bat with the light draft of boats
wth the alike are now building they could peas to
1111meth dde said open a deadly Are, where they
wadi be little exposed. When they should nee
boo weed Coasts& they would be at the gates of
▪ Petersburg. It is only aim miles.
rsllat Sebastopol has been the soave of the deepest
Wisest ; and it is strange how little the world men-
ritthe esoneses loons that Ikons been/fern
itlispless. When the clouds of war began to
*inn over Eery% and it was ascertained that
lishodspi, wan the pent where the aim would
=sitaldo Wel Wort 'Marsden wen made by
to einseetsate cis power in that direction,
mail he dodged the empire of its best troops. Whoa
the war began, a large portion of the best trained
Milne ef the Russian empire were marched
tower* Sthestepol, nemberieg not lees than two
bombed asseand. Their terrific losses, whit* were
always gnaw than the allies supposed, were elm
*oily seggilei by new drains epos the best de.
=llllet the Russian army. It in leA==
115111Neak that up to the Ist of
yew, the Skean lad lost three haulm& ta=med
.em.)
picked mooned eller the southern aide el lelestepel
—.....a was takes *the issess were aemanammned,
NEW YORK, Fn. 16. the eMcial right sent to St. athoi the sd
I am enabled to coonsaakete to you by this reports made in person by the to the
steamer what I am folly persuaded is an entirely re. Emperor settled it beyond a doubt, that keen the Ist
liable month atitnesian affair. I received it a day or of August till the retreat to the meths*, of Sober
two ethos from • most intelligent American gentleman topol the loses myth have esesened le seventy-five
who resided for two years in Russia. In easerqmoce thoseand more. flesh were the private reports of
of his well-known reputation he was invited to go to Prince Gortchakoff that were laid Wises the Emperor.
St. Petersburg, where the representations which bad " When the allies met the Russians at Sebastopol
been made in regard to his character and accomplish- it was very nearly an even game. Europe had
meats were se fully realised that he remained in passed through an shoat unbroken poem for a
Rands until a considerable time after the death of generation. Nicholas came to the tinge when the
Nicholas. By dement he some. from awe of the first revolutions of the Napoleon era were subsiding. He
families in America, and he is hardly second in his had begun life by studying the laws, the languages,
profession to any other man in this country, while the people, of all the European states. Nothing woe
his well-known moral qualities entitle him to the left undone to make him the completeet prince that
entire confidence of all who know him. For the pre- ever eat upon a throes. Whams the seines, the
am it is not necessary to give his name. although be arts, the experience of other civilised states had pre-
mites no statement that be is net prepared to sus- doosd, booms his by inheritors% by study, by sem-
liis, nor does he deem that he is himself in this bination, or by purchase. He hail brought Into hie
sommunication betraying any assildenor, or making empire and clustered around hie throes the find
any statement, that will not meet with the approba. minds and the most flexible resources of the civilised
don and respect of the most enlightened Awes of world. When the allies met him at Sebasteiel.thiq
the Rusijaa empire. Be haw that the truth had no surprises in store for him. His Osstalkakoffa,
act only may. but ahaehi be stoma, since Mentchikofkand other kolls,comprehemill the whole
PM atrocious attempts have boss node on the system of warfare, from the oint where Napoleon
part of sensed basAmain* wheisavevelosteered left it when he started for St. Hale s% better than
their nsvleeh to sehrermint the meted emsdition of any other men in Europe. He had, in imitation of
Russia, and hie manlier the papaws se tits Peter the Great, served • long noviciate, and mesterei
war. as as he has lived in Amis. and treated as the whole business of empire. It mad be fairly
he has boss with the most martens hospitality, be asserted by an impartial Amadeu that lliariam and
isle that he has period with nets of his pommel his agents understood their bean= bateau than say
Shorty or indspodene as an American citizen; bat general among the alien. The whole sane, of
he believes it will he of service to ell parties to cor- warfare was exhausted Masse Sehemspd ere takes.
met some misstatements, aed may wore misrepre- " But Russia, in that Weis Thad midi blots out
aciatathans, in regard to Ramie, that have goes ear- the heroism of whole ages, wasted her Mk leseificed
really, and been too widely adopted, throughout the the fruits of her long mitten and sellinset,' and she
world. I give his own language, in nearly every has nothing left now bet a law milked of serfs to
instance, word for word ; and in every induce in eons to the mom if you refme to stele poem She
the fall spirit with which it was comninaioated. has boded her gLemals, her breams, the Wed see
He says " Being in Russia, say one will be of bet =gbh So imeediteieg le erg
struck with the fact that the ivensent of the the mhos of
roantry is a man. and on man am . Everything is " Babb% her ill • wbb sterna lOW amp
controlled solely by the Emperor. on may be taken and that whim of sad of warfare. laden.
from year bed at night, and you fate settled without He was the seal of every battalion, the etemmender
trial, bearing, judge, or jury. The police have full of every divides, phased or absent. What is Reda
power to take any man, and do with him what they now P
are ordered to dot and the man is helpless. No "We come to the queetioe. Nicholas is dead, tied
semi thing as a trial by jury is knows in in his grave is buried that prestige of liweelm bells
Mien. I have known hotness of persons takes eibility that it will take a lifetime to sena one
Inn their harm I. the night, without recourse, and ander another man like him.
disk Wel oedM t the world ceased to know any- " Bet Alexander 11. was not born a Madam.
Wei Othello den they were wrested. What has he got to work with P—The es& of
"The In pine b , V any sad all eases. Russia. They are the mines of our enthems plain
Ne Bessiae, be he or serf, eau leave the Miens, with not half their cepaeity—with son
eel wibset the Engeeerit permission. Jokele4 the of their flexible ability or native instincts, that give
pot ebest•ine men, wished to leave the empire. noses to the movements of muscles. While en
Haled newly Wilke roubles deposited in the govern- American engineer esa go to the mothers states and
meat bank. sod ether millions in iron. Bat he Gould draft his labourers from the nearest plantations, he
net Ism the sentry, for he would take with Wm. construct • great bridge, or viaduct, or say other
or sped. too nosh nosey &breed A men an no public work, they move in flexible mama ea
ttrg
igsa:
sere leave Russia tins an American can leave a the bidding of his will : the Russian serf
state prison. At use of the depets ea the railway his musket with little mare intelligence then II
between Sr. Petersburg and Moscow I found • Bow would be held by a Panama monkey. The Ardent
den gentlemen who was in quasi exile, his C6lllO however inferior he may be by eaten, asset live
having been that cm a visit to the United States he seder a republican government. in intercourse with
overstayed hie time • mouth or two, and when be his Avila-Saxon master, without itabibieg a higher
returned be discovered that his property had beta idea of Wad and matter and merle than the social
twaftseatedi see was he allowed to live in any one of and political system of Russia ever admits the serf to
the sepias* bet he was compelled to live is that out attain. If Remia contuses the present war, sr min-
e the way plass—seek vengeance belag the penalty tales her whim towards the rest of /Lampe as she

W. J. CommaToir, Crosses] Commanding.
The Lord Pannanre, &o.

Sebastopol, Feb. 19.
My Lord,—The health of the army remains good
and we have been enabled lately to continue ball
practice and the assembling of regiments for exercise,
during the very favourable weather of the last ten
days. On the evening of the 17th orders were even
for the assembly of the whole infantry of the Zug-
lish army, in contiguous columns, on the brow of '
the plateau; bat fog and drialing rain in the night
turned to sleet in the morning, changed the state of
the ground, and sent the thermometer down to 18
deg., to 9 deg. last night.
TM
parade had been of coarse put off; but it
would have shown to an all troops rendered efficient
in health and strength by the ears of the government
at home, and by the exertions and pnnteadssos
of the °Moors commanding divilices, and
regiments.
I am quits sure that any of our Allies, inclined to
be present, would have been glad to see the Actium
of part of the army which sets with them.
Today le a flue akar day of a Canadian winter,
thermometer at 14 deg., bitterly cold from the straw
brews; and this change having come so suddenly,
want of caution may very probably have produced
some frost bitee.

We shall be enabled soon to add to the interest
token in the ball practice with that beautiful arm the
Enfield rifts, by giving a few prime, subscribed for
smog ourselves, to the best shoe.—l have, &a.,
W. J. CODIMOTON, Osumi Commanding.
The Lord Panmure, Ste.

Headquarters, Comp sear eebss►opol, Feb. IS.

have tin bow= to sedges the wockly state of sick.
The waiter, coulltios of the may tretisises trait satis-
factory; indeed, it could seareoly is enolled, and trio are•
!silty at prament is under that of the hensabobi catrdry in
Ragland, width is a body of nen se well taken we of as
aay troops to t►e world.
Daring tN part weak no casualty ha take& Maas In
either the led, Light, sr Highlaad Dlotrissis.
The lit, 2.d, and 4th Divisive have lost can as sad&
sad few have dial la the artilksy, asahlag a total of ;
or a ratio of nietraltry of 0.011 pm ant. to stmegth.

Mika, the lea eight wait the rata if acaelity has
caly bwa at Ow s ot 114 pm thousand pro was,
which le maddest* vadat that at the Foot dards whoa
doiag daty Is Loudon. The slaw calealathas aro each-
are of the Lead Transport Caps, sad euradiag then this
week the stabilises to swarth haw bees r 03 per test,
sick to well 4.16 per teat

balsaleg the Lead Ireweprt the adahaisos have been
2 21 Pee coat. ; deaths, 0.02 per eat. ; slob to well, 4.66 pat
coat. Tears sod pelseesis salaams ars the mat pmrt
lest easepleate ; bat dhows of the easeeat sod bowels
base ooesoleraltty demersd.
Tame le as apparent tairease ender the bag et
°phthalate, bat this has bees essaiated Is part by the
trawler of east twat their regleseatal beepleals Is camp to
the general hospital at the awasaterp.-1 have, as.,

_
JOAN HAIL, Isopee
Owed 84 Wa. Codrinks,

of Resifts's.