The Express.
London, England, 1847-02-11 00:00:00

house to contrast the anticipations
--es.) In the more recent debates on
ouous advocates of non-interference
AI regl4lll loos and restrictions already
• prejudicial result, or stated that
recommend their repeal. (Hear.)
the member for Dorchester (Sir J.
admitted the benefits of past lege-
. doubt those benefits so regarded
and intellectual welfare had certainly
Simultaneously with increased comfort to
-. an extension of education, there
increase in the amount of pro-
reports of the inspectors showed
wealth had greatly accumulated.
was in favour of the principle of the
' The real question was, whether
itself to fix the hours during
and children, should be em-
now adequately di,charged its
. he thought it had done so.
n in factories
gentleman might say that, in
oust extend restriction over the
.) Where children were em-
ries collectively, it would be
, principle (Hear, hear.) He
case of children parliament had
neasary in providing that they
A for six hours in the day, and
portion of the day they should
. A great deal of the AMISS
the co-operation of the employ-
actors exhibited the most grad-
instances the millowners had
entire means of education for the
erns. (Hear, hear). In ad-
' he had no wish to create
ployers and the erupt=
closely connected. It
masters who opposed the bill,
proper sympathy for their work- i
he greater part of them nega- I
ion. He thought that the
d not fulfilled its duty with
the ages of 12 and 18. Wham
12,. after working only 8 bran a
' • transferred to tulle in
over the same period a that
. that there was a defeat in the'
...tat there should be an stasidan
using that word in the tam is
‘e act, and that the porta d ir
on should be further protracted.
gh there was no direct inter&
...e folly admitted that if the mew
of labour would practically le
Nits. (Hear, hear.) He repaandl
in to the manufacturers was at
.ht one result would be a more
throughout the year; sad
both of the masters and of
had no cause to fear foeelea
Now he confessed that he
J. member for Oldham as to the
i been occasioned in factories by
. ant hon. member in introducing the
to the quarterly return of the registrar-
_ ..._.e, marriages, and deaths, and he understood
haw from it great mortality amongst those
en hillictory labour, as compared with persons en-
. he Mar kinds of labour, and to urge this se
• -reason Ise restricting the number of hours. He
Ms G.
m ein Ger) thought the t benefit of restriction
weahl in its afro • Stmt,—he would not
ear srmeesation,—but form , intellectual, and reli-
glasselopereement. (Hear, hear.) On looking at the two
lon enorioty. returns he felt eatiefied that, as between a
lowa aid; employed factory labour, and another which did
set, noire .enos as regarded mortality as the hon.
member hat dated could be established. Tee return end-
ag - IS, ISO, after stating the mortality which had
he Os previa's quarter, enumerated many densely-
pegiel hewn; in which &• rate of mortality had been the
the number were Maidstone' Plymouth,
r=t;= Dudley, Wolverhampton, Macclesfield,
He sad Bury. When such towns were included
is the Net so unfavourable inference could be drawn
Sus the report, in reference to factory labour. The
dim= were referable to causes which prevailed
nory towns and in other parts of the country.
Vida islh
retro showed that the mortality of Liverpool in
the hat "astir was quite as great as that of Manchester
heat. Then was only one passage in the regi,trarlenerars
=alma* bore at all on this question, and that wax the
*in neglect of children by their mothers. That
evh set prevail to a greater extent in factory districts
than in ear pars; still it was common for mothers in
Limped mad ether large towns to neglect to obtain medical
✓are he their oaring, and such neglect caused great
nestmlity inenget children from three to four years of age. It
wee act notaary, perhaps, that he should say anything more
on Ms or.=. He had expreseed his own individual
year his hon. friend had declared that he
=be the members of his government freedom of
and action, on matters of detail. (A
=.) =r(Sir G. Grey) held to be a matter of de.
tal, and net sae of principle. (Hear, hear.) He did not
nit that the course of the discussion would show a differ-
ma of sprint amongst the members of the government.
For his own port, he should vote for the first clause of the
tlveresnialit- the hours of labour to eleven instead of
• ad when the house went into committee, be should '
ewer 'Or *re which prospectively—that is, at the end of
a year--hrhod the hours of labour to ten. (Hear, hear.)
Ha scald met, mosistently with proper caution, go the full
length }speed by the hon. gentleman.
.. Mr. BANKES, in supporting the bill, mid he believed he
woo irthsehad in saying that those who sought for a ten
hewn' ha fed entered into no compromise. He called upon
the hen nentar for Durham (Mr. Bright), for the sake of
lie eon essisteocy, to support this bill. On the 23rd of
May kit year, that hon. member said in the House of Cons- ,
ISM ilia " the proper mode of proceeding would be for the
operrine to seek by private arrangements to obtain the ten
boy" Ark he admitted they ought to have by some means I
sr oar"—(hear, hear)—and in reply to a question put to
him at Maaolterer in December last, the hon. member
said, " I am quite certain that a man who works
ten hours a day is much mere likely to be edu.
maid than cone who works twelve hours ; I don't I
Mar oe re that point at all, I differ as to whether the reduc-
hen eras should be carried out by legislative eaernment,
er whether it should be carried out by • regulation be- I
Sweat the 'operatives and the masters themselves." Now'
Maio arriment suggested been tried since May last veer,
r dna Deeenaber last ? and if it had not been, what chancel
* was *arc it ever would be? (Hem., hear.) He trusted
Hui the tones of the hon. member for Durham being I
erw a e for. Manchester would not Inn his vote to
dr . (Hen, and a laugh.) He trusted that that
WO. would not draw back from the opinion he had
gienetatelabletl. There might be persons in Manchester
4s' oat were more important than those of the
tires, whose petition had been laid upon the
:Ir • that circumstance, he was sure, would in no way
i " Pia views of the boo. member for Durham. He was
✓ah ne hosed a man to withdraw from the pledge he
hod given, and from the opinion he had so decidedly ex-
pellee' that the only practical mode of car) ing through
this amen, was by making it an set of the imperial legis-
lating. (Haw, hear.) He had now a word to say upon a
=4 whined b been put into his hand that morning,
"The Report of the Central Committee of the As-
essiseise of Millowners engaged in the Cotton-trade." He
bad 'eat Ind time to read this pamphlet which was two
years aid, and ought to have been circulated two years ago,
if blended to be circulated at all. But he had dipped into
it, and than were one or two comments which he might
seam apes it. The writer said it was " useless to discuss
whaler the present arrangement was or was not
r Irthe best. Why was it unites ? Could
sasies for parliament to discuss whether what
was den up to a certain point, might or might not be ex-
tended ? ' Dere and habit have accommodated the peo-
ple to the present period of labour." Why the some might
ban hen said in defence of the slave trade and slavery.
" Moreover, on the present system the master manufacturer
has herd his calculations of a profitable return." What
right la the master manufacturer to do anything of the
hag? The parliament had made to stipulations with the
artahrwrer : they had never promised to proceed no fer-
nier whit the measures which they had formerly passed.
The bre. member for Montrose raid that he had but one be-
aring or—that of uniformly advocating economy and re-
design he public expenditure. Others thought, however,
*et dr Won. member had another besetting sin—that of
loshhig at only one side of • question, and refuti-
ng rat to glance at the other. As the hon. member
was so fond • of statistics, let him give him one
add' told with great effect upon the subject of this discus-
sion. In 11114, before the Limitation of Labour Act was
porn, the aumber of bags of cotton consumed weekly in
the ferries of this country did not exceed 600. In 1846
the number of bags consumed was 30,000 per week ; an
rerun of more than 400 per cent. (Hear, hear.) He
heed n remind them that they could not look at this as
• %wend or theoretical question. There were 22,000 of
ths maaufacturing population of Manchester now petition-
ing than to Peas this bill. "Oh ! but these people," said
the hr. member for Montrose, "do not know their own
betemiet. We must educate them and prepare them better."
Why that was preei ely what the advocates of this measure
&Sal ta accomplish. At present the child who worked
IS lairs a day had no time to receive education ; and it
was useless to have schools and provide maxters for him
if he had neither time nor opportunity for study. He
trusted, however, that by pasaing this hill at once, they would
man bun that time and opportunity, and he congratulated
thous upon having an opportunity of pawing it at a moment
when its adoption would be of comparatively little injure to
dr nainnsar and manufacturer.
Mr. MARK PHILLIPS said that the opinions he had
always entertained upon this subject remained entirely un-
lailard, and it most not be thought that he had no gym-
nay her the working classes, if he took a different view
hen that which, by there petitions, they desired him to
adopt. As a legislator, he felt bound to weigh seriously the
earopeenes of this bill to the country generally ; and-the,hp
Whored it was inapomible, without„without„danger to tie
Louis of those who emplold capital, 4:timiting Mse
Whim at their disposal. His fear was, that if Ow
briar the hose of labour .. to ten, there must
be • serrayouding dimi.uition in the wages of 4,
openiiires employed, ant he was got ptlperyd tq assent to
say limitation. diraM or tiidirict:i4sha the wegee of labl
(Hear, hear.) If they ones aornmearact laying down se .
a priautple, swims's, ha almalst.lika.la_ knew were they
atop? What- Was aho trade or nenntion which dm most
het reculota
he beware o
to be consistent? He 'warned them
thus ware of rep thay were about to take. It
▪ gifili war only a way hMn *sage, but her his Ow%

eat be sint the house to maitre
mai Illas (Cheers.) In the me
ea melt strenuous advocate
bil that theregulatious and
41
millig. predsind a prejudicial re.
Amy ewe pettiared to recommend tht
Timillili lo► baronet, the member for
distinctly admitted the bet
could doubt those le
his peMime
imalla moral and intellectual •
Simultaneously with i
am wasillielide, and an extension I
W boom • great increase in tit
dlselies. trell the reports of the
OM massambering wealth had gr
AbilrbMills.., therefore, was in favour of
puma we (Hear, hear.) The real m
=l.lB=lltwing taken upon itself to
young persons. and chil
erdi filt labour,
t had now
i lit
C
lir. —Only children in facto.
lb 0, —The. hen, gentleman
elder te ha wmaisteist, they must extent
lapis mil (Hear, hear.) Where
is were in factories, collet
carry out the principle
AIM in the ease of childr
all that was necessary in pr
p.
miThr be employed for six hoc
the remaining port;on oft
hew No. mew of education. A great
aileiedd was attributable to the co-epet
am ner , . rte of the inspectors eshil
.a , 1; in astral instances
„h„,,,.. the entire means
in their factories. (I
-
..
.. 1 . eiple of this bill, he hr
tween the employers
wire indeed closely o
le iC is impute to the masters w
Nat had shy want of proper symp
4 ananduc: of
pttihone . greater
um
hewever, had not fulfil
.I„attrmbetweein I.lr ages
afte owfoel
N. period, age °
suddenly nomeb
eC "WI nota extended
fisel th:terthe
*lad suggest that there al
of childhood, using that •
pas em loyed in the act, and t
is?
ridrts of education should t
II adult, though there II
ill Mei lel proposed, be fully adm
a
-te
hi e:
s o tth
sheaflll:dlitheilloallteuthvenlaeclaiiihes,:th(t keng retwao
(Hear, hear.) Now he
=rillnettgree with the hon. member
which he said had been occs
thßaseg%imi to stem. That hon. =ant
WWI the quarterly ret
Clof bittlas, marriages, and deaths
false from it great mortal
mapleret taketory labour, as compel
gird be 1/11mr kinds of labour, at