The Express.
London, England, 1865-12-23 00:00:00

Eht
natoo •

TO common-moans.
Admlbsinents intended toe " The Rome London Evenlog
, utast No at 0000, 10, onvezl,4lo.•s, Iwo
:irk co Ow doy ol potticattoo.

HAYILLB.I.IT.
TMIS Emma, OVIIRLAND ROUT& Maar'. Black-
stone, C. Mathews. and Compton ; Mesdames Mathews. Snow-
don, MI; and righStLo IJP. Mr. C.. Mathews.—And MY
nusisAlos GHOST.—Commenca at 7.

PRINCESTE.
Till Enna% QUIET LOMB MM.—After which IT 13
TOO LATE TO MIND. Ileum Vining, G. Melville.
NEVE& M
T. Mead, D. oney, D. Wham. P. Willem J. O. More, G. Mur-
ia', and R. Ca4ll2irt Moe. L. Moore and K. Lodgers.

HIGH WATER AT LONDON-SEIDEL
TIM DAY orainic. ah. Ilta.--Atterooca. st. Vol.
TO-110111.0M —. Morainic, lin. b6M..... Afternoon. 611. Wm.

LONDON, SATURDAY, DECEMBER 23.

Mn. Dl‘Cuttocii, the Secretary of the United
States Treasury, devotes a section of his annual
report to a 'consideration of them Reciprocity Treaty
with Canada. It will be reembered that this
engagement will expire on the 17th of March next,
in accordance with a notification given by Mr.
LINCOLN'S Government early in the year, and that
for some months past negotiations have been pro-
ceeding for its renewal in an amended form. The
ministerial journals in Canada have lately assured
ns that there is every prospect that those negotia-
tions will be crowned with success. The tone of
Mr. M'Cum.ocu'i remarks is not favourable to
that opinion. He professes to doubt whether en-
gagements like those of the Reciprocity Treaty do
not interfere with the legislative power of the House
of Representatives to originate Revenue Bills ;
and whether, when they yield anything not
granted by the general revenue laws of the
Union, they are not in conflict with the spirit of
the clause contained in most of its commercial
treaties, engaging to treat each nation on the same
footing as the most favoured nation, and not to
grant to one nation,without an equivalent, any par-
ticular favour not conceded to another in respect to
commerce and navigation. It is, of course, not
for strangers to declare what are the constitu-
tional bearings of any treaty which the Government
of the United States may please to conclude with a
foreign power. Generally, however, we may remark
that a nation, when it makes a treaty, does not
so much lose as use its liberty of action, just as
an individual does when he makes a promise for a
sufficient inducement. As to the alleged prefer-
ence given to Canada over other nations by the
Reciprocity Treaty, we are wholly unable to per-
ceive it. Before any third power could complain on
that score, it would have to show that it was situated
towards the United States as Canada is, and
that the interests of its citizens were interlaced
with those of the citizens of the United States
in the same manner as may be said of the Cana -
VIZ JAMAICS COMMISSION.
diens. Mr. Dl`Cuttocii goes on to observe, that
The Times believes that Mr. Russell Gurney, M.P.,
" it appears to be well established that the advan•
Recorder of London, will be one of the commissioners
" tages of this treaty have not been mutual, but
about to proceed to Jamaica to assist Sir Henry Storks,
"have been in favour of the Canada'. Our et, nowly.ppointed governor, in i the approaching
" markets have bean strong, extensive, and va- investigation of the circurnstanoes attending the
" luable—theirs have been weak, limited, and receipt insurrection. Is that event the Court of
" generally far less profitable to our citizens. The Aldermen of the Corporation of London, it is
theirfor the purpose
"people of the Canadaa and Provinces have been understood,
31 will
o be convened
chief ministerialof
" sellers and we buyers of the same productions granting
_.owne, and ior.
his judicial capacity pacisity has very arduousand
" for which we are often forced to seek a foreign responsible duties to discharge, the necessary leave of ab-
" market. It is questionable, in fact, whether sure. Mr. Gurney's appointment is understood, the Times
" any actual reciprocity, embracing many of the adds, to have afforded great satisfaction to the magistrates
" articles now in the treaty, can be maintained of the City, by whom the Recorder is held in the greatest
" between the two countries. Even in regard to esteem. It is also regarded as an additional proof of the
" the fisheries, it is by no means certain that, desire on the put oductedf the
igontvhernmenht. to havel the. forth.
com"
instead of equivalents having been acquired
Tlineg f.uncutry
i. of the commissieon mare i°described beyr.the
" under the treaty, more than equal advantages Daily News as being to collect the information which shall
" were not surrendered by it. But, whatever the enable the central administration to judge whether its sub-
" facts may be, this subject, as well as that of ordinates should be supported or removed, or punished by
" intercommunication through rivers and lakes, further proceedings. But over and above all this, there is
" and possibly canals and railroads, are proper a duty which the oommiseith cannot perform, consisting in
the deciding whether or not soy of her Majesty's subjects "
subjects of negotiation, and their importance THE WEEKLY PRESS.
have been guilty of actual crimes. Though the commission
"should secure early consideration." may guide the government in deciding whether it will in- By the new treaty with England,by which Austria
Mr. Dl`Ccia.ocu would not have acquired the 'thate criminal proceedings itself, it cannot in the least has contracted to lower the duties on our manufactures to
high authority he deservedly enjoys as a financier affect the right of any private person who has been ag- 21 per oent. ad valorem, a great gain, the Economist says,
if none of his recommendations had been based grieved to institute proceedings, though government should will mane I. our manufacturers in comparison with the
on sounder doctrine than that which is to be found decline to interfere. Nothing but an act of parliament present relax The detail' of the tariff yet remain to be
could take away this common law right of English- arranged, and will of course require considerable care, but
here. If the Canadians have derived advantages
men. And, indeed, so well ishthislknown in Jamaica,. that
undo* the Treaty, it must have been in consequence the basis has been settled, and it is one which will ring.
of the facilities which that instrument secured to the
law indemnitygootvernr lefg.yialeayteurray
illegalaeatanowthi
which might
imn
ipgalliit'llae niSheeatwoillur wbumma
more andrce
owfitush Austria
because itheanpreimvPentivent tader!ffrels.
trade and commerce. But what kind of trade is been done bond fide in suppressiog the " rebellion," adding relaxed, andymust sel! more to us because she must pay for
that the advantages of which are not mutual 4 the remarkable proviso that the certificate of the governor what she buys. Both the Eogliah consumer and the
Canadians have no power to force their commo- should in all cases be conclusive proof that any act WAS English produoer will accordingly benefit. It is not of
dities upon customers who have nothing to gain bond fide of such a character. Thia bill
-- came home by Course means or intended that all manufactures should
by the bargain. If an American merchant buys the last mail to receive the royal assent. But we may be taxed up to the maximum. The tariff of Austria
of a Canadian producer that which American pro. berhisvimeryverc:rtainign toth:tono co.n.stwita..tionalact minister
passed by will. addosvis: ia.daohw in a veryw complicated state ;it isvaeprouvisliiokned. tariff,
ducers have also to sell, and which must be taken to shield themselves from the ordinary course of iustifce and and simple finiurces. and Till complicationsthetariff issettlreyd inn detail,s°
it is
to a foreign market before the ultimate profit can the jurisdiction of the regular courts of law. Neither the Impossible to specify details. But this much may be ccn-
be realised, that fact seems of itself to show authority of the governor of a colony nor that of a military &body said. that Dullish trade(' will not be injured by the
that, as to that particular commodity, the Cana- offioer, nor that of a court-martial, will avail to justify the i treaty, but benefited by the treaty. The duties they have
dies seller must have advantages to offer which commission of illegal acts, nor to deprive the sufferers of !to pay will certainly not be greater, and in all likelihood
the American producer has not. their civil or criminal remedy in the courts of juetice. What ' will be leas than they were. It may be asked, what is the
Mr. Brects.oca acknowledges that the fisheries, cvoeurnruormiatywlrreouiodompemtent is"alydibffeeureid
net
iq.uEesagtilon. Alcipai•
;answer motive . of
hAeus.troita
tionbetnak..dtinifert.hwese.succinceussionsH? The
intercommunication through rivers and lakes, and
! offences most be tried in the local Well& Colonel Nei 1 eentrtil is,
era I mid tand the wealth of nation..° TheyerkePor7r
possibly canals and railroads, are proper subjects ' who ordered the trial of Mr. Gordo. by court-martial, who '
that it is her interest to buy all she as where it can be
of negotiation, and so important that they should li approved its sentence, and ordered the execution, may, , bought ehespest and made best.
be considered without delay ; and, as we under- 1 beyond a doubt, be put upon his trial for murder either in i Treating of Lord Stanley and the neutral party, the
stand him, he proposes to renew the Treaty as to 1 Jamaica or in any English county in which he may set hie ! spectator observes that a party which should make it its
therm. We should think, however, that he would : foot- N", we may be sure, will the public ever be satin. boast to extend commerce and preserve peace, to rectify
' fithedtwiof our own
thdecisionoll sucha question lees solemn than I administrative defects, and, for the rest, to avoid the finite
hardly expect us to bind ourselves on those points
judges, sitting in our own courts. I polaique, would won become stagnant and vapid, even if
without at the same time securing some small I a lit oonid—and we doubt whether it could without being re-
measure of freedom and stability for our colonial ITALT.—THE FALL OF THE mnrISTRT. I dissolved into its elements—take up "the war against
trade. He says that, as affecting the complex The Telegraph remarks that the fall et Signor Sella and pauperism" in earnest. It is a vain attempt which Lord
revenue system of the Union, the Reciprocity his colleagues has been even more abrupt and decisive than Stanley wishes to make—to thee a new policy on the recent
Treaty has proved embarrassing ; and he sug- was expected. He did not create the large annual deficits symptoms of suspended politicil animation, which hare rosily
gents that " any arrangement between the United of the kingdom ; but he has completely failed to grapple been symptoms of disease, of growing indifference to
" States and the Canada! and Provinces that may .
.with theti evioli atand. the schemes
thhee
heavynationalintolerable
fim ci•Ey inefß• partmy,oev"enaiFfPoroce f ed, would yraPtdir deem:. , liar-
" be perfected and carried out by reciprocal legis- ' cient ; so that his fall was inevitable. The problem is ins Lord Stanley convinced at last that he mast lead hie
" lation as by any other means. No complaint tremendous which La Marmora or—if he fails—his micas- great abilities to a party with an ultimate political faith,
" would then arise as to subsequent changes of sou will have to confront. Venice and Rome are woos- notwithstanding his own unfortunate incapacity to see its
" laws, for each party would be free to act at all shies to Italy. She must have them to secure the unity of true relation to politics, if he would rally have his powers
" times according to its discretion." In the abstract the kingdom, and its emancipation from the priests. It is exerting the influence which they are capable of exerting
there may be not much to object to in this principle, bharfe:stieiretofff:.; for thehhioweegdmvere
ver lirtideiwrybodwhilemtahe :.i.ri".26
le n th
ea e cache tacotfic• of politicali menlifeth, Irtdtbneot lemyat upon or* them( rut-
have
in the actual circumstances of the case a little of
attempting to gain them by form. But Itayly Myth great internecine conflict between opposite principle', having
security security from fluctuations in the rate of duty upon a fact, that she inn well afford to lay half bar amebas lasted for about as many centuries as human history, is at
imported commodities is worth the trifling sacrifice 1 panoply by, and wait. The first balanced budget she pro- length pried, and has given way to an era of Ithewszni

MISCELLANEOUS TOPICS.
The Times comments on the circumstances under which
the Duncan Dauber was wrecked some months since, in
which case the master MY pronounced by the court to have
been in no respect in fault. On the sentence, however, being
reviewed by the Admiralty hydrogapher, the verdict was
questioned and condemned. It was in the second inquiry
alleged that the master steered directly for the reef, and
that, allowing for the currents, the wind, and the rate at
which the ship wee going, he ought to have pitched upon
it at the precise moment when he did. He neglected to
take en observation at 4 o'clock in the afternoon, which
ought to have prevented the catastrophe, and, in fact,
steered straight to his destruction without taking a single
precaution to avert it. Certainly, if a wreck occurring
under the circumstanced thus stated is to oast no blame
upon anybody, it becomes impossible to conceive for what
cause a certificate can ever be withheld. The Board of
Trade &ad the Admiralty hydrographer have duly dis-
charged their duty to the public in pointing out their view
of the case, and exploding doctrinal which, if once ad-
mitted, would be fatal to the security of voyager; by sea.
The Post refers to the unfinished canes of " Hill v.
Finney," stating that it regards it uan intolerable hard-
ship that a man should be made the defendant in a costly
suit the object of which is not to punish him or mulct him
in damages, but merely to obtain the verdict of a jury on a
purely collateral issue.
The scientific world is called upon by the Post for some
system which shall render our colliery mines secure from
such accidents as that ►t Merthyr, and make them safely
colliery owners independent of the stupidity or foolhardi-
ness of the labourers.
rbe Herald asks why no steps are being taken to increase
the military force now stationed in Ireland. The lash ex-
ecutive has already suffered disappointment to grow into a
well•developed military organisation ; and by the same
supineness it may be allowed to break into all the horrors of
a Jacquerie.
The Star thinks it a natural inference that the Emperor
Napoleon has decided to rescind the Treaty of Extradition
with England, because he wishes to insert clauses that
may be made so apply to political offenders. If this is
asked, a liberal government can only return one answer. It
is far better that the treaty should be blotted out than
that England should make concessions which would render
it impossible for exiles who deserve our warmest sympathy
and compassion to remain in this country with any rea-
sonable degree of security for twenty-four hours.