The Express.
London, England, 1865-06-28 00:00:00

LITERATURE•

'G,

has
sub)

friends
working . London.
bored that early in the
.present

surrampericiee.
legs available for the industrial clones pf the pope-
lame) of London &Muted notice in both houses hi
parliament, and a disposition was shown to afford
some relief for this inconvenient*, if only a way
could be discovered. On the 7th of April Alderman
Waterlow,after oonsulting several friends, addressed
a letter to Mr. Frederick Peel, inviting him to bring
under the notice of the Chaueellor of the Ex-
chequer a draft of a proposition which he had
framed, and to inquire whether Mr. Gladstone
would be willing to receive a deputation on the
subject, of which Mr. Samuel Morley, Mr. George
Moors, and Alderman Finnis were to be members.
Alderman Waterlow added that if the government
were ready to adopt the project • very large sum
would at once be embarked in the erection of im-
proved dwellings, both in London and the suburbs,
rn connection with the cheap workmen's trains.
The plan proposed was based on the principle of
the Act of 9 and 10 Via., cap. 74, by which the
Public Works Loan Commissioners are empowered
to lend money in such sums, and at suoh interest,
as they may think fit, upon the security of local
and parochial rates, for the purpose of erecting
baths and wsshhouses for the use of the labouring
classes ; the repayment of the principal and inte-
rest being made a first charge upon such structures
and the profits which may arise from their use. It
was suggested by Alderman Waterlow that if
the legislature could be induced to pass an act
giving the commissioners power to advance
money to a limited extent upon the security
of the buildings which have been or may hereafter
be erected by persons or companies, whose object
is to encourage and promote the improvement of
the dwellings of the working classes, public
benefit of almost incalculable extent might be ex-
pected to result, and a renewed impetus would be
given to the movement which has sprung up for
providing decent dwelling accommodation for the
working classes in London and other cities, where,
in consequence of the rapidly increasing wealth
of the country, houses and lands are constantly
rising in value , and it is at present impossible for
such personate obtain decent and healthy dwellings
at adequate rents. The assumption upon which the
proposal of Alderman Waterlow was made to the
government rested was that the profit rental likely to
be derived from this class of dwellings is insufficient
of itself to induce capitalists to invest the large
sums which must necessarily be employed in order
to provide the number of houses at all to be com-
pared with the present overwhelming demand--•
demand that has been increasing with the popula-
tion year by year, and is now rendered urgent by
the enormous destruction of small houses which has
of late been caused by the construction of rail-
ways and other public works. It was further sug-
gested that the possibility of obtaining a higher
rate of interest than that at present derived is
likely to attend the investment of capital in large
amounts, and to develop still further schemes
which are already partially successful in remedying
the evils complained of. Alderman Waterlow for-
warded the following notes as to the plan upon
which the proposed advances might be made,
offering them in the hope of eliciting suggestions
and opinions, rather than as defining a particular
scheme : - -

1. That an act of parliament should be passed In the pre-
mat session to suable the Pahlie Works Loon Commissiooers
to grant loans upon mortgage of lauds, honest, and premises.
which are now, or may hereafter be, applied to the em and
occupation of the wallies upon the same or a
similar principle to that upon which advisor am now made
for the carrying oat of various muelcipel public works, such
as the maintenance of Atheism, collieries, mines, and high-
mays, and the erection of gaols, limbo asylums, work-
houses, baths and washhousse, ha, where the security for
the repayment of the prineipal and interest of the loth con-
sists in a charge upon the tolls and dues, or upon the local or
musty rates, or upon the profits of the baths, ha, as the
we may ha ,• the repayment of the principal withstand
being secured in this case by a first charge upon
the rents and profits arising from the occupation
of the tenements or premises comprising the martpre.
2. That no loan shall earthed in omega tires-fifths of the
value of the property to be so mortgaged ; the value to be
determined by thecommintioners. 3. %hat the whole amount
of such loanshall, within two years of the granting thereof,
be applied to toe satisfaction of the C2O/11111a00,11 in mod to-
wilds the erection of other additional dwellings or tene-
ments for the occupation of the industrial dares. 4. That
the interest to be paid to the commissiosere on account of
such loath shall be 44 per cent. per annum. 5. That the
principal and interest thereon shall be repaid to the cram-
mummers by 35 equal annual payments. the amounts
of which shall be agreed upon at the time of the
granting of the loan. 6. That the mortgage shall empower
the oommkeioners periodisially to inspect the mortgaged
dwellings (mut also those erected by meths of the loss)
with the view to meettain whether they are kept and main-
tained in proper repair, add aleo whether they are occuOed
solely by persons of the intended to be besotted by
the proposed act. 7. That, in the sweet of the foregoing
requirements not being complied with at any time, the
commissioners may, by giving six months' notice to the
mortgagors, call in the balance of the loth then remaining
unpaid, with interest to the date of AS repayment ; and.'
that the commisaionets may sell the property failing the
repayment of the lima or compliance with their order after
three mouths' further notice.
On the 16th of May Mr. Frederick Peel informed
Alderman Waterlow that the Lords of the Trea-
sury, having had his letter under their considera-
tion, doubted whether they would be justified in
holding out the expectation of public aid for a pur-
pose such as that described, except to such bodies
as (all other conditions being satisfactorily adjusted)
might so limit their rate of profit as to distinguish
their case from that of ordinary commercial enter-
prise. In the course of his reply, dated May 24,
Alderman Waterlow wrote, speaking for himself
and the company, of which he as the deputy-
chairman, that he always contemplated that there
should be a stipulation as to the amount of profit
to be derived by persons seeking to avail them-
selves of the assistance of government in such pro-
jects as had been referred to, and submitted that the
maximum rate of profit to be derived from property
upon which the government bad lent money should
be not lees than 5 per cent. per annum. Alderman
Waterlow observed
The object should, I think, be to fix the rate of interest
on the one hand so low NI to preclude objection on the
ground that the public fends were being employed for pur-
pose pf private profit, and en the other sufficiently high to
induce capitelist• to embark in esterprises of this nature.
There are many considerations which might be brought to
your lordships' notice is support of this rata being adopted,
but I will confine myself by eidlieg attention to the fact
Invest
that the ordinary net retort's from ments on house
property are from 74 to 10 per cent, and I would respect-
fully submit that there an be no reasonable objection to
the governmest sedating persons who are desirous of plating
the working OWNS in a better position, and who would be
content with lam than they could certainly obtain upon
ordinary investments of that cies..
It was also pointed out that great public benefit
would arise from the periodical supervision, to which
it is proposed the mortgaged dwellings should be sub-
mitted so long as the government loan was oonti-
nned. No loan would be granted except upon
buildings already erected upon the best sanitary
principles, and if these buildings were constantly
maintained in thorough repair a very low death
and disease rate would prevail as a' rule. The re-
duction of sickness and mortality almost invariably
produces a low poor rate, and thus the dwellings in
question would confer a pecuniary and a moral
benefit.
On the 14th of June Mr. Peel informed Alder-
man Waterlow that the Lords °Jibe Treasury consi-
dered 5 per cent. as the limit(of the profit which should
be allowed, and that should that limit be thought
a fair one, their lordships would be prepared to
apply to parliament to obtain powers either perma-
nent or temporary for the pumese. On the 17th
of June, Alderman Waterlow acknowledging Mr.
Peel's letter stated that his belief that the proposal
to fix a limit of 5 per cent. as the maximum divi-
dend to be paid by all societies availing themselves
of the borrowing power will be considered fair by
all parties, and expressing gratification at the reso-
lution intimated on behalf of the government. In
urging that no time should be lost he observed :
During the last and present serious of parliament very
extensive compulsory powers for the destruction of small
boon property in the metropolis were granted by the
Overt. of Justice Bill, the Inner Circle, the East London,

U.-i

powers will we
and a very=
almost topo
* pawed throe.*
ttbority to went
ilitite wadi be
that the work od
prompt ennui-
eoletrsation is
) homes of the
be difficult to
'indicted upon

It ban been found imposaible to bring the ques-
tion before parliament at this period of the session
with any prospect of a useful result, but Alder-
man Waterlow has permission to state publicly that
" the government will be prepared to apply to par-
liament for the neoesirry powers" at the earliest
possible date after the re-assembling of the houses.
We warmly congratulate Alderman Waterlow on
this result of his assiduity, which will greatly en-
courage all who are engaged in promoting the erec-
tion of improved industrial dwellings.

THE PLAISTOW MISSION.

This interesting minim), established through the
persevering exertioos of Mr. Antonio Brady for the benefit
of one of the most neglected populations that could be
found in all England, has completed the eighth year of its
ezistesee. Plaistow, now a parish, was astil lately one of
the wards of the ancient parish of West Hess. The Metro-
politan Building Act drove sewer the river Les the most
offensive trades which had previously flourished east of the
stream, sad West Ham is now the seat of some of the
filthiest manufactures asywhen to be encountered, such as
gut @tinning. animal charcoal binning, and blood means
making. The onstruction of the Vitoria Docks brought an
enormous poor population to the neighbourhood. Warn
Mr. Brody and his fries& took their work is band
thousands of houses bad been run up, they could not be
said to be built, in the midst al the' manh, tee feet below
high water mark. They were planted on the turf without
foundations, and many fell down before they were
finished. The roads were unmade, streets
impaired, and being only thew marsh soil, in
wet weather they were almost impassable. The
drainage and sewage of one hovel, built on a higher
level, soaked into the parlour of the next. In one court all
the surface wells were polluted by the draining of DOW=
from cesspools often only a few feet off. The promoters at
the mission went, with their county members, to the Sc
the
of State and to the Hos. Mr. Cowper at that time
President of the Gemmel Board of Health.. Mr. Cowper
went down and saw the well in Vicarage-plam, West Hem,
which was the only water-supply for the whole court, and
saw the people empty their slope rate the Mak et their own
well. An outbreak of cholera drew attentioe to these
abomination', and the local board of health have been
urged to press forward the drainage of this district, sod to
provide a proper water wipe*. The 4,000 people for
whose benefit she Plaistow mission was set on foot are now
increased in number to 14,000, and, happily, as will be
imp, the physical eirmunstances of their lot have been
much improved. Provision' for their spirituel wants has
been accompanied with an amelioration of their dwellings
and better water supply. Mr. Brady saw st once what
kind dclerical work was required for the place. In an
which he circulated privately, in 1857, he said :
Inati s prepared, in the fast place, or as nom as funds are
provided, to appoint one clergyman to every 1,000 or 1,500
of the population, to reside among them and to become per-
med* known to every man, women, and child in their
Sock. They must not content themselves with preaching
os a Sunday, or even oonsionally attending the sick when
sent for, but they must go and live amongst their flock as
their Hook, and become acquainted wish the poor is their
own houses, not only in the day time, when the men are at
work, but is their hours of relazation, when alone
they are accevsible. They must be prepared be
enter inter their feelings, and win their Minims
by acts of kindness and self-denial, and thee do the
real work of the church in this rapidly extending neigh-
bourhood. Besides this providoo, there are to be adult
day schools, day and Sunday schools, abridged services of
the church in the school-rooms at acted periods, district
visitors, lectures on popular subjects, and venous breaches
of entertainment of a recreative and instructive character ;
sad subsequently (when the oosgreptions have been
primed and prepared for them) churches under entails
conditions will be eroded, seas to afford ample accommoda-
tion to the population of the district." A comparisonof the
present state of the Phielow-marebes, with their condition
physical and moral bane the mission began its labours is
most gratifying. In the Dook districts a goodly church
has been built and partly endowed, and there are threeministers resident. There ere also two school churches. In
the other part of the original sphere of the minion there
an two large school churches, under two able nod eacient
minister& with a third school. when, it la to be regretted,
the mission cannot now afford a osier, but in clossectios
with which there snits the anal machinery of Bible
WOUND, pity millenaries, and other helps. A site has been
obtained for a permanent church in the Barking-road, by
which it is hoped to make the church ealfespeorting.
in this district and so complete the work of the mimes, for
without the oompletioa of this church &Bebe week that has
been dope will be of no avail for the future. The subscrip-
tions for the mission were promised for five ney bat so
wonderful has been the growth of the population that it
was found impracticable to finish the labour of the mission
within the estimated time. Many of the subscribers ex-
tended their subsoriptionefor three years more. The last of
the three years is more than half gone. A few months only
remain, and the mission must beloved, mit isfoondestirely
impossible to obtain mote mosey for its support, the public
being tired of this continued beggiag.
.11ere O eon-
'rogation collected in the school church now overflowing
anxious for a church sad willing to support it, a conviecioli
proof that the missionary clergy have done their duty. The
site is ready, the plans and spesseeshous prepared &el
shout 4,0004 premised if the remaining 2,0001. can be I
raised so as to be obis to constitute the district a new
parish. The bishop ban accepted the patronage and perpe-
tuity. subject only to giving the Sri appotataimmt to the
curate, theßev. Meorkelleyriek, who has worked the parish
so well ever sines the mimics bogie its kboors. If the
sem can be raised within the next six months
the committee will be enabled to claim en endowment
from theEcelesiasticalComraissioners, as the population will
amount to the required number. The chunk will accom-
modate 1,000 persons, and will be wholly fres. Dio-
cesan Church Bean* Sods*, who have from the first
warmly reopened the work of the mission, have voted
5001. towards the new church. The Bishop of London's
Fund has voted a like sum, and a further ems of the same
amount, making 1,0001. in all, on condition tbat an miaow-
meat be obtained from the Ecclesiastical Commiesionseir.
The habits of the people have been improved with their
dwellinp ; it is no longer dangerous to walk &bad ails
dark although there axe still many roughs to teen',
drunkenness and profligacy have diminished, sad is ens
could walk through the New Town without helm alma /
the superior aspect of the Owe sad people.
fairly observed, and Sunday fights are now solo=9lllo
woiweinTit,„' parupipme * ibis weeks' ts=dob
It ialkat
providingthe meaniby obtain
is trained that fus will son be to Sala
the church and enable the Ellerin to bend ever ts rapes- '
sibilities to the appointed miniter. The labile, who have
eer nobly responded to former appeals, will sot slier the
promoters of this mission to give it up for want of so cosi-
par &lively anal a sum as is sow neoessary to usable them
to make the church not only self-supporting, but a fresh
centre and source of limner hinny to the Pew neigh-
bonrhool now *riming up around it, a glorious example of
the exporive power of the church to -keep pace with the
growth of the nation. An additional sum of 5001. has
since been groolddi. suribieSl4ool. is sa, bet still subject
to the condition as regards 5001.
Those who are disposed to claim a shin in this excelled
undertaking may communicate with the treasurer sod mi.
imitor of the mission Antonio Brady, Req., J.P., of
Marylaad-point, Stratford,
home I

SHAW'S RAILWAY Baalta.-35:. Shaw, the
in-
ventor of a new !slimy brake, which he expeots wOl alts.
=Me " be adopted by the direction of all railways i• the
world," convened • ants( yestseday at t►e Look•
Tavern, for the wpm of making public the prlnsiples of
gels iammition. He proposes also to farm • company with •
eapital of 40,0001., and hopes to derive a• .bead•at renew
teem • royalty of 11. par east per ••cam an the 12,000
mass of railway is Gnat Dribble sad the 900,000.miits
abroad, upon all el which be believes hie invade' *SI
be adopted. For himself, be expects thres4earths of the
emits' in paidop sharer, together with a mentenst mat e►
the board for " himself, his executors er trips." Mt,
Hammed haste( taken the chair, Mr. Jane, ameba pas
tem., rod • written statement, embodying the above bets;
•Her which the inventor, Mr. Shaw, proceeded to exphda
his Monde& The great obieetioe he red to the exleting
hrako was, that they were act peovided with mane for
acting on all the wheels of a railway tram at oboe. Hewers
Montle& had met this defect so fear as sheet Wan were
immersed, but his (11r. Shaw's) proposed to seep Oahe °San
lengths and within the shortest distance. He proposed to
give the power of stoppleg to the engine driver, without
asy amintanoe from brakes:mos, pad to give the power of
stopping within 150 yards, whams the preeset tease did
cot beteg the trains op under 450 yseds. The idea ei the
inventor appeared to be to apply t►e retarding porter
exercised by the flywheel ce fan is a cloak or a musical ben
to the gradual stoppage of a railway train. He proposes to
place faze under the carrier sad inside the wheels, them
few to be coenected by the buffer rode, which i• tura me
to be commended by the .spas driver. Mr. thaw meolders
tint the atmospheric mowers merobed by the foe will
be much more effectual them the existing block takes.
The meeting was rather Vilely attended, bet meth Intend
ins exhibited in the invention.

DRAMA.

DRITZT-LANZ.

The complimentary benefit to Mr. Leigh Murray
took plum et this theatre yesterday esoreing, sad attraakg
a larp sad ostbamiamt:o audieoon Legg ma the programa,
was—lastiag fell fear issue—every piece. bath musical lei
dematio, was well rented, and shoot who, with muiellft
feelimg appeased lest—Ube Ms. and the. Howard Paat...
wore as well rewasded for their kiadsem se those who ..
peered dm. The dadaist sad Hams:kit aspaviis fit.
stied the chief desimalle perfermers, sad the awed as,
sasteimed by Ms. W. H. Webs, Hiss Leiter 11.14
Bentley, and Hauer lielatems-Delby. Hr. end Wm.
Hurray Wrested together la a krill Mae. 00.0114 git
Sham by Mr. Shirley Broolca, which partook orniaeggi d
the asters of a doable address, sod nothing amid humble
Iwo pmostally written, men feelingly delivered, a ii,
warmly resolved. It told the story of the lives at the *
asters is a few brief sad teoddeg bees, sad it was prim
Lady affesliag to those who balm the tree wommaly des,
hos which Mrs.lierray bee shows is hue Mak halteed. Ire
believe that the pscusiary result of the bleed& h ell,
satisfactory.

TENING, JUNE N, li6i, ~.‘
6,
N.sad sere& • toy bills. Those poi
it Dr:nußß2NB' 13RBAN "9/1 sissibt veg 'ly pet into form and
_ I • ' ' I number l poor will And it alma
—••—• ../.• • • -• to obtain; • • sheet bill WIT* po
allow has bet% parliament • the neoweery ellibi
kin this subject t e tbe
_li is q - addstioual factilil
ea toe r ... required ealUtal tha
nt with a result
the friends of destrudiew , - : .ilextestntetioa ought pi
taneoraiy. 1 • ewer, the passibility of roc
Log Glasses of London. It will be m- delayed fti ••
elve months or sitar the
1 that early in the present station the moiling for
bare been desk? ed. it will
dimirwitioirsd the amber of dwell- eaketalw the extent of the ninny
znpendinw
....A..=4,4ai Mamma the nova- Ali 61?"' . . s •