The Express.
London, England, 1848-12-18 00:00:00

THE EXPRESS, MONDAY EVENING, DECEMBER 18, 1848.

obtained. India' Corn is in law Mak, sad is is moderate
demand, at 71.
.17.. 8L to 81. is. pates.
Cosa, Dee. 16.—We have had mother wash of wet
weaker. The trade—ff wa =NS that la ladin Can,
whisk has boa news emfamled—has ruled dall, sad we have
still to lemma the abuses of that Malty whisk madly
eases at this of da peer. We have to mat MIN
keel's snivels, of Wilma Ocra Our wheats of
boas grata are areaseale. The trade 4Wheat has
been Ins with as upward teadammy, risme haviag advanced
to the extent of 65. to la. per ban& Is prepared Wheat
we have me asnamtiece to regard, bat as or twe eager of
kniga have skew& _ heads, pet at low pram
Barley rename nmedierod ia value. A few panels of
prepared have hand penalises at late prises. In Oats also
very Halo elands& Ire talus plat, the gestathsas Wag
vastly similar to tare ef lea week. Is prepared Oats little
braise has has done. We gums the value of the snide
10a. to 10.. Id. per barrel kiss ea board, for Dhaka. With-
am ray koprovesemat to prise, er may great is of bust
au% we have rather amen iegairy kr Flour, which siesta •
slow emaseaptive sale at Ws rates.ladiaa Corn commands
son attendee, mad we have an improved trade naming at an
advance of Lk., and on eons descriptions even 10e. pa ton.
Indian Meal also has boss is better demand than of late,
sad a moderate retail babas has been demo at onr gala-
dons.
- - -

of Ordnance, &c.; the 'military Neiman, and the
dans described as of a military elignoter, which now
attach to the Mastwasseral of the Ordnance, being
transferred to the Commandevin-Chief." This plan on-
ginated with no civilian, at whom it might have been
said that he was ignorant of the practical Wanes of
the two offices proposed to be consolidated. It did
net originate with any democratic economist of the
Joann Hon school, who might have been called
• shabby "by genteel politicians. The author of the
was the Duke of RICHMOND. We have, there-
Toro, the the authority of a conservative soldier for saying
that the efficiency of oar military force would be in-
creased by consolidating the army and navy offices.
The saving which would thus be effected could not
fall short of one-third of the actual expenditure, say
83,0001.
Two other items of the ordnance estimate are
168,3671. for wages - of artificers and labourers, and
704,0301. for works, buildings, and repairs.
The Commons' committee of lit anon did
not overtake the military estimates, but the
revelations they extorted respecting the go-
vernment steam-factories, and the general manage-
ment of the dockyards, show pretty conclusively the
manner in which government workshops are ma-
naged. The abolition of that branch of the Ordnance-
office which is charged with the construction and re-
pairs of military works and barracks and the employ-
ment of regular tradesmen, ander estimates, to make
all absolutely necessary erections and repairs, would
materially diminish the expenditure under the two
heads of wages and buildings. Works are run up at
present simply and solely for the purpose of finding
employment for the surveyor's department, and they
are constructed or repaired with much the game
degree of economy and good management that pre-
Timis in the dockyards and government steam-facto-
ries. One-half, at least, of the Ordnance expenditure
under the heads of wages and buildings is sheer
jobbing and waste. Upwards of 400,0001. a year
might here be saved with advantage.
Turning to the army estimate we find there also
various items of unnecessary expenditure. The aver-
age cost per annum of an infantry regiment of the
line is 32,0001. ; the average cost of each of the three
regiments of Horse Guards is 84,0001. The average
annual cost of a cavalry regiment of the line is
18,0001. ; the average cost of each of the three regi-
ments of Horse Guards is 29,0001. Now it is
only half the truth to say of the guards that they are
a relic of the barbarous splendour of lees civilised
ages, or that their maintenance occasions distinctions
in the service calculated to do injustice to meritorious
soldiers, and breed heart-burnings and quarrels
in the army. The service in the guards
is for the private soldiers most demoralising, as
even those who have no opportunities of making per-
sonal observations, may infer from the tragedy of
ANNETTE METERS, the attempt to swindle two of the
French national guard on their late visit, and the recent
affray in the Eagle Tavern. There are honourable
exceptions, but the majority of the privates
of the guards are the roués of low life, and
are made so by their comparative idleness, higher
pay, and constant exposure to metropolitan tempta-
tions. By equalising the pay, appointments, and du-
ties of all the regiments in the army—which would
be an act of justice to the soldiers-96,0001. per
annum might be saved on the horse guards, and
42,000!. on the toot guards—in all 138,0001.
We have already pointed out in the course of this
hasty, and necessarily superficial, review how
803,0001. per annum may be saved in the army and
ordnance expenditure, irrespective of any reduction of
force, and greatly to the advantage of the service. If
we proceed to reductions this saving may be greatly
teenaged. Ten colonial corps are at present borne on
the army estimate, and these ten corps cost this
country, according to the estimate of 1848-9, no less
than 249,0001. Exclusive of India, there were eta-
timed in the colonies, on the let of January last,
18 regiments of British infantry and half a regiment
of cavalry. The cavalry are stationed in the colonies
properly so called, and if we allow half the infantry to
our military stations and convict colonies (Gib-
'sitar, &c.), we are under-estimating the pro-
portion allotted to the colonies. The half re-
giment of cavalry cannot cost less than 10,000!.
and 14 regiments of foot must coat, at least, 448,0001.
per annum. We are therefore paying to colonial corps
and regiments of the line 707,0001. a year, and the "co-
lonial staffs" cost at least 160,0001. in addition. In
common fairness the colonies ought in time of peace
to bear the expense of their own defensive establish-
ments ; and in point of fact these regiments are main-
tained in the colonies, not to defend them from foreign
aggression, bet to keep them quiet and submissive
Gibe the misrule of the Colonial-office. Of the ord-
nese expenditure (exclusive of the pay of men and
oaken), 293,0001. is incurred in the colonies and
military stations, the portion of this incurred in the
colonies properly so called, amounting to 191,3861.,
and a detachment of artillery is constantly stationed
in Canada for no other purpose apparently but to un-
learn its duties. It is therefore obvious that, by
leaving the colonies to provide for their own dein"
a saving of 1,038,366!. per annum might be effected.
By the simple process of consolidating the adminio-
tration of the army, equaliaing the pay, app3intmen4,
and duties of the different regiments, cutting off a
source of wasteful and jobbing expenditure, and re-
lieving the colonies from the military sent to owns
them, 1,661,3661. per annum may be saved in the
army and ordnance expenditure alone. The 98,6341.
remainder of 1,760,0001., required to be cut off is
order to reduce our army and ordnance expenditure
to the footing of 1835, might easily be made up by a
slight reduction in the effective force of the army and
ordnance at home. We will proceed, in an early
number, to show that it is equally possible to make
the reductions in oar naval outlay required to bring it
back to the wale of 1835.

Liusaica, Dee. 16.-We have had a continuums of
wet weather during the week. Very little Wheat
sown, nor an farming operations be proceeded with from
the severity of the weather. The supplies of grain have
been again large. At this day's market Wheat war in better
demand, and a slight advance realised. Oats muclased
freoly. Barley in pod must, for grinding. Indies Cora
is SKIM, end pries advanced 2s. 6d per ton. Indian Meal.
and all ankles of food, in fair consumptive demand.
Wheat, red, 13d. to 140. per stone; white, 18d, to 174.
Oats, Bd. to 873. Barley, 9d. to 91d. Galata Indian Corn,
91.6,. per ton. Dwell, &0., 91.2,. 6d. • American, yellow, 91.
white, 91. By., 71. 2e. 6d. Byemeal, 81. Barleymeol, W.
Oatmeal, 121. 10s. Wheatmeal, 121.10 e.
WATIRPOILD, Dee. 113. The terrific storms of wind and
rain which have prevailed here during the week have de-
prived our market of all supplies of country corn, and the
pries of such must be quoted nominally as on last Altar.
27.4
as
nolimuctpolsciaf iarmers'
per I.if Wheatno however,
bring
abroad we have bad considerable arrivals of on e
From
Wheat, which (meeting a bare market, and an improved
tons in the trade generally) command ready sale, at an ad-
vance of Bd. to Is. per barrel respectively. Fhar meets a
more extensive sale than of late, at full prices for all descrip-
tions except (Omens superfine', which is cheaper by Is. to Is.
per sack.
KIRKCALDY, Deo. 16.- The weather during the early
part of the week was dry, and remarkably mild for the
mama of the year ; yesterday a good deal of rain fell, with
a high wind, which became Smolt a hurricane towards
night ; to-day it is quiet again, with a rising barometer. At
our country markets during the week, we had only moderate
supplies of ell kinds of grain. Farmers asked more money
for Wheat ; hut notwitt standing a greater inclination on
the part of buyers to purchase than at late, we do not think
any advance was paid on last week's ntes. Barley, of fins
quality, was readily taken ofi at 61. to le. per qr. advance,
and even secondary quality was 6d. dearer. Oats were
ab-nt 6d. per qr. cheaper than last week. Barley and Oats
both in moderato supply; sales quick, at about 61. per qr.
over last day's rates. Wheat, 465. to 645. per qr. Barley,
235. to 31s. Oats, 17e. to 225. Oatmeal, per bag of
2801 be., 28s.
For Saturday's markets ate last pay

Such are the results of this fine charity. The
muter revels in wealth for which he does nothing;
and the brethren pass their days in squabbling over
their meals, in disputing Lx the tit-bits of their well
accustomed shoulders of mutton, and for the liver
wings of the " gu• dy• bees, and go nightly to bed
grumbling at their chief.
Improvement, too, with the parent system is hope-
/ass. "There can be little doubt that were be [the
muter] to mode to the wish for a commutation, new
grounds for dissatisfaction would not fail to occur in
the minds of men utterly without occupation, and
situated in other respects as the inmates of this insti-
tution!" Miserable consequences of injudicious
charity! The office of Muter is a scandal on society !
The result of brotherhood is wretchedness to the
brethren! In the name of decency, then, let us pre-
vent the odium which the Earl of GUILFORD bears
so noncha'a•i'ly from falling on the son of another
Bishop of WINCHESTER. And for the sake of hu-
manity. let us sale other thirteen old gentlemen from
the misery and degradation now cultivatLd at St.
Cross.
Though the statements of our correspondents to
that effect have been carped at by the Earl of GUIL-
FORD'S Hampshire apologists, the annual value of its
property is, we are amour 1 by competent authority,
about 10,0001. a year. True, neither the hospital nor
the master is in receipt of so huge an income; but
such is, nevertheless, the value of its endowments.
Long leases and rents anticipated by fines, for the
benefit of the masters, have Interposed between the
hospital and the full enjoyment of its property. And
so long is the ins'itution is conducted on the existing
system public decency is unsuited by the smallness
of its revenues. But convert the establishment into
• something useful—apply its surplus revenues, after
• maintaining thirteen old gentlemen in comfort, to
some objects of public advantage—and society will
• hive a direct interest in the due administration of its

temporalities.
The great bulk of the property consists of tithes.,
and there is now before us a statement of the
various sums for which these tithes have been
commuted. From Vile it appears that the total
amount of annual rent charges payable in respect of
tithes belonging to St. Cross is no less than 8,3161.
To that sum must be added 8131. a year derived from
pensions, fishing', land tax, &c., making 9,1291 a year.
And as there are other tithes not yet commuted, and
household property of which we have no account, the
annual value of the endowments of St Cross is not.be-
neath 10,0001. a year.
Whether the law would enforce, on payment of
the accustomed fiat s, the renewal of the leases which
intercept a large part of this sum from reaching St.
Creme, appears to be very doubtful. Sometimes the
report of the Charity Commissioners appears to treat
the leases as liable to compulsory renewal; at others
it speculates on the master running his life against
some. But that the income received by the hospital
could be greatly improved by the adoption of a better
system of leasing its property is quite certain.
The misfortune of the institution is that the only
authority which has any power of visitation or correc-
tion is its patron, the Bishop of WINCHESTER; and
the prelates of that see, regarding its patronage as a
piece of family jobbery, have been anxious above all
things that St. Croke and its affairs should not attract
public attention. Thus, century after century, its
uselessness, its mismanagements, and its corruption,
have been prolonged.
Undoubtedly, however, there is a difficulty in the
way of increasing the utility of each wealthy. esta-
blishments as St. Cross, though the difficulty is cer-
tainly less there than a most similar institutions—
less, for example, than it would be at Dulwich Col-
lege, or perhaps at Sherburn Hospital. For, in the
first place, the original trusts of the foundation of St.
Cross are not in existence, and the existing applica-
tion of its funds rests on secondary evidence • and, in
the second place, St. Cross is not an ecclesiastical
benefice. The former is an argument for the
tion of its revenues and übjects, and the latter
St. Cress out of the magic circle of church property :
both are great aids to its improvement.
Something must be done with this hospital, for its
present foundation is a disgrace to the age in which
we live. Conceive Sir PETER LAURIE pocketing
two-thirds of the income of the Bridewell and Beth-
lem Hospital, and the state of St. Cross is realised.
What human being, except the Bishop of WIN-
CHESTER and the Earl of GUILFORD, has any interest
in the continuance of such a system ? And as Dr.
SUMNER is fallible and nepotic,let us deliver him from
the temptation of St. Cross before the next vacancy of
mastership occurs. The city of Winchester ought to
move: it will find supporters in such a cause in the
House of Commons; that we promise the citizens.

The Montreal Board of Trade either has no fixed
principles of action, or, having them, it know, not
how to abide by them. It has recently published a
memorial, which has not only drawn down upon it a
rattling criticism from the Canadian press, of all
shades of opinion, but occasioned a division in its own
ranks, the more prudent and disinterested section of it
strongly protesting against some of the principles em-
bodied in the document in question.
To understand aright the motives which appear to
have actuated the Montreal Board of Trade in adopt-
ing the recommendations proffered in their memorial,
our readers should first be put in possession of
the exact position of the Montreal merchants, with
respect to the import trade of Canada. There are two
channels by which imports reach the market* of
Canada—the one being by the St. Lawrence, which
is the Canadian route, and the other lending through
the territory of the neighbouring republic. Quebec
and Montreal are the sole entreps'ts for such mer-
chandise as enters the province by the former, bat
goods transmitted through the latter need not neces-
sarily come in contact with either of those ports. The
American route divides itself into two branches, one of
which, that by the Hudson and Lake Champlain, Lrr us not forget that nobly-endowed but most
con-
ignobly-used hospital, St. Cross, near Winchester, verges with the St. Lawrence on Montreal ; whilst
the other, that by the Hudson and the Erie Canal, has
whereof his Reverence the Earl of GUILFORD has
i
been muter since February, 1808. It is, indeed, farts termination at any of the Canadian ports, in the
upper country, upon Lakes Ontario and Erie. From
too fine an example of medieval munificence and of
its position and its other advantages as a commercial
modern abuse to be lost sight of: Let us rather en-
deavour, the Bishop of WINCHESTER non °Want., to station, Montreal must necessarily continue to be the
turn its vast revenues to some better account than
chief emporium, whence the markets of Lower Canada
the enrichment of another prelate's son. will be supplied. But it is the upper section of the
Upon the data furnished by the report of the province that is most rapidly advancing in population
charity commissioner who visited this establishment and resources, and the Montreal importers ere eh"
it would appear that in the 41 years over which his to the fact that the great seat of Canadian consump-
mastership has spread, his Reverence has, after defray' tion will soon transfer itself to the west of the Ottawa.
ing
.its expenses, received from the . surplus of its They regard, therefore, with some degree of un-
ordinary annual income over its ordinary expendi- easiness, the rapid rise of the chief market of Canada
tare, and from his proportion of the fines paid in the
renewal of leases, a sum of not less than 53 000/.in that section of the province, which is not necessarily
-- - - In dependent upon their city as a seaport.
return for this large receipt, the Earl of GuILFORD Their object, then, is to force, by artificial means,
tohukeneoptube residence,, and is no
tf;peborpordintoinrenydderuties.anyThservroizh; the import trade into that channel, which will consti-
the instrumentality of an under paid steward, and of tote Montreal the chief entrepot for the whole
.pro-
vince. Their interest in rendering it so is obvious.
a chaplain whose stipend is beneath the wages of a It is not for seeking to advance that interest that they
first-class butler, or a head gamekeeper, the earl pre- are blameable, but for the mode in which they pro-
sides over thirteen "brethren," who in their turn pose doing so. Let the St. Lawrence be made, by all
have as little to do as the master. Indeed, the proper means, the preferable route, if that be possible,
only occasions on which his lordship is obliged to
visit the hospital, which he thus profitably governs, tut let no methods of doubtful policy and questionable
fairness be resorted to in order to make it so. It was
is when money is to Paid,
all
fee affixing Its earn- with great natural obstacles that the St. Lawrence
mon seal, in the common awl to leas" of its Pro. route had formerly chiefly to contend. These have
PertY• been removed, and the impedimenta which now exist
Twelve hundred a year spent on the maintenance are principally of an artificial description. Instead of
themselves to the removal of these, the un-
make thirteen paupers would, it might be supposed, confining
porting merchants of Montreal have hit upon the make the inmates of St. Cross quite " a happy
family," whose only parallel could be seen inch. cage happy-expedient of counteracting an artificial impedi-
exhibited in Trafalgar-guars. Allis! for the good meet by an artificial advantage.
intentions of the founders, the " brethren" were, when We have already shown that, from the great lakes
visited by a charity commissioner, as wretched u the to tide-water, the mute through Canada Kaa the ed.
day was long. In spite of their prescriptive three vantage over its competitor, that through New York.
spouts of beer a day, of their long black gowns and It is at tide-water where the disadvantages of the
silver badges, of regular meals, and of compulsorily Canadianroute begin—that thereof the Amerman route
clean shaven beards, the old gentlemen pass a cheer- terminate. If the Canadian can put himself on a
lees, useless, unhappy existence tense the lannmi*" footing of equality with the American from this
sioner : point, Montreal need not fear the competition of the
Of the brethren so duty whatever is required hoped Canal with the gt. Lawrence. Let the eseige..
that of daily "%miss°. •7•• diTi•• service. General tion of the St. Lawrence be made perfectly free, and
wog of behaviour is expected sod enforced, but it did not
appear that any breach of dna hoe bad ever been followed if he does not then find himself on an equality with
by melds's. Although no discouragement is offered to the American, between tide-water and the European
the practice, and the room is the AMAMI (!) markets, he will, at all events, be so much nearer
afford facilities for it. rverrrlarreat want of (*Pita to it than he is now, that the superior advantages
provide tools and messnals, or from the habit. induced by which he possesses between tide-watee and the lakes,
the mode of life, new of the brethren who had bola trades.
will
men or artificers attempt by their own industry to add give ann. a decided
.mivantage on the whole
to their mew of comfort ; they dwell, however, on route from the interior to Liverpool or Bristol. This
thg a their
Ilkwin°B and the imeavenisnos and is the sum total of what can be done in fairness to all
tribilwnZ
session*ptthe mode of eopiq. the interests involved. If, when it is done, the Arne-
son &sills. sr restrikes, ••• s•P•••••I a Inn( "aim rican is still found to prevail over the Canadian route,
for the comiumels• of dm latter foe a ims:yuliarent. The defeated _ _
Bari of Guilford, wise liss adhered .rem „ay bale the party MUSS 1111111111 Z in deference to Me 111•
0001MeNdinalit0141 attfara enspiedepe or' the brethren tends of the great and daily augmenting body of
are concerned, is variemeeel to be diskraiised to. any depot- consumers. At all events, they cannot be permitted
ture from the sal=sedss. sad then Na he me doubt to resort to an expedient so inimical to these interests,
that, were he to Os ills with ris a •••1•Ist••••, new and, in every respect, so unsound in policy, as put-
grounds for diesatldestiss weal* sot sinss war in the a luxe bounty
upon the
minds of men tamely without sty situated in ling goods imporW into
oilier respects*/ the Waft et province by the way of the st. Lawrence.

Yet this is one of the proposals which have i
emanated from the Montreal Board of Trade,
dissentients to this recommendation have, in the Zhs
b,„„_
teat which they bare addressed to the eeereC
pointed out in detail the objections existing f'
We need here do no more than briefly allude to the
most striking.
The proposal is, in effect, to admit goods imported
into the province by way of the St. Lawrence ate
rate of duty lower by one-third than that hez.;
upon gooredsizorted through the. Lotted sews. 03
such a pro were sanctioned, it would tither hoe
the dem effect, or it would not. Whether it would
or would not, it would be found to be roost
would,
and mischievous. We will first suppose that it would,
and trace the consequences.
The Montreal merchants have gained their object,
and Montreal is the great and undisputed entrept,e
Canada. The whole imports of the province had
their way to its different markets, from the
overloaded quays of its capital city. Edt
the provincial revenues mainly derived from
taxes upon imposts. With one-third of these tiled
struck off at a blow, the Canadian tariff would pro,
duce but two-thirds of the revenue whi:h it toe tee.
niehes to the province. Were the expenditure at the
same time reduced to two-thirds its pramt moon,
the proposal, so far, might not only be unobj(cties.
able, but desivable. But in Canada, as in this ooze,
try, there is a tax-spendirg class, who discover so
alacrity whatever in diminishing expenditure. Then
must consequently be a deficiency in the revenue to
one-third the amount required to meet the govent.
mental exigencies of the province. How is this de-
ficit to be made up? Are the Montreal impute,
prepared to supply it out of the enhanced profie,.
which they anticipate ? This would really he
too much to expect from such a quarter. The
great body of consumers chiefly consisting
farmers, who would be for from getting the
full benefit of the remission of one-third o! the
duties, would be taxed to make up the difference.
They would thus be paying a large yearly sum, to
force, for the almost exclusive benefit of a sew
porters in a particular locality, the current of import;
into a channel which it would otherwise avoid. Hare
the Canadian farmers evidenced, by their auteemients,
that they are a race that can be cajoled into the preo.
tics of a self-denial like this?

But suppose the scheme does not succeed, sad the
the proportion of imports, taking the tw.i rortio,
mains the same as at present. The deficit to be pee,
melee for will in this case be less, inasmuch as the
proposed drawback will operate, not upon the whole,
but only upon a portion of the imports. The differ.
enee between the two cases is, in this respect,
not one of principle, bat of degree. But the most
serious evil to apprehend is retaliation on the
part of the Americana They have it in their power
to retaliate severely. They can discriminate against
Canada as easily as Canada can discriminate ageing
them. By the adoption of a policy similar to that
proposed, they can force the export and import trade
of the far north-west—the great grain-growing re.
gion of America—exclusively into American channels.
Are the Canadian people prepared for this? It was
not with a view to their own export and import trade
merely that they took upon themselve, the heavy
obligations tinder which they yet labour, for the con.
etruction of these great works of internal improve.
ment, which were designed to afford facilities lot
transit. To secure the transit trade of Canada was
but one of their objects, the other being to secure that
of the north-west. Already they are to some extent
realising their object in this latter respect, whilst every
day is increasing the probabilities that they .4
sooner or later, completely accomplish it. Ard are
they to be thus baulked, when on the very thresh.
hold of realising their expectations? Were they so,
all prospect of the expensive public works of Canada
paying for themselves, for some generations at leant,
would vanish, and the consumers of the province
would have to submit to additional taxation, for the
means of paying the principal and interest of the
debt contracted for their construction. The Ameri.
cans would certainly throw themselves upon a
retaliatory policy if the proposed scheme succeeded,
and there is but little doubt that they would also
be tempted to do so, even if it disappointed the expec.
tatiows of its promoter*.
No body of men has been so instrumental in de-
monstrating the superiority of the Canadian over the
American route for transit as the Montreal Board of
Trade. As they have removed all the natural ob.
stacks to it, let not the Canadians rest satisfied mail
every artificial impediment is swept away. Mk
Board of Trade will do well to confine its operations
in this respect to divesting the St. Lawrence of the
restrictions imposed upon it by the navigation laws,
and then rely upon that soperiority of route which
it itself has been the most successful in forming.
Inquiries on such a scheme would be to the general
interests of the province, whilst it would involve but
a doubtful advantage even to the worthies who seek
to promote it : they would not, as it appears, be ratio.
Red even if they succeeded in establishing it. They
would not only discriminate against the American,
bat they would also discriminate against the English.
man. They more than hint at the propriety of estie
bliehing a sort of British American Zollverein.
What else can they mean by countenancing
the idea of free trade with the sister colonies, as far
as the exigencies of the province will admit of? We
presume that, by the sister colonies, they do not mean
all the colonies of the British empire, but simply the
group to which they themselves more immediately
appertain. Their proposal then would go to the ob-
literation of all municipal boundaries, so far es trade
and commerce were concerned, embracing the whole
five provinces within one vast tariff inclosure, but
breaking down all internal boundaries between them.
Within the wide circumference the produce and ma-
nufactures of each of the colonies should circulate
within the limits of all the others on terms far more
liberal than would be conceded to any of the outer
barbarians. But in this category, the inhabitants of
the imperial state are included, so that the pro-
?jet, effect, to let the manufactures of
w in
Brunswick or Nova Scotia circulate
through Canada, and vice versa, on more favourable
terms than the manufactures of Great Britain are
allowed to enter any of the provinces. What is this
but discriminating against the Englishman in favour
of their fellow-provincials, and this alter the English-
man has ceased to discriminate against them, in favour
of his fellow-countrymen P It would, in other words,j
be an attempt to build up a " provincial systems
similar to the " American system " which was forced
into precocious maturity in the neighbouring states,
in avowed antagonism to the interests of England.
The Canadian parliament has not the power, nor is it
likely that it will have the inclination, to do this. Let
the intercourse between the provinces be u free u
their mutual exigencies will admit of, but let not
Nova Scotian be fostered at the expense of British in-
dustry, by putting the Nova Scotia on a better foot-
ing in the Canadian market than the Englishman.