The Express.
London, England, 1846-12-21 00:00:00

THE EXPRESS, MONDAY EVENING, DECEMBER 21;'1841

first object of prison discipline. But it is certainly
the second, and is well worthy, in both a moral and
a financial point of view, that pains, and expense, and
intelligence should be bestowed upon it.

WE were fortunate enough to be able to publish
on Saturday an outline of the important Itiv^‘".tr::s to
be umeduced into parliament, as remedies, and
amendments of temtdics, for Irish distress. Govern-
ment, it seems, lost no time in making known its
principal intentions. They were conveyed in an
official letter front the Treasury, tlated the 15th inst.,
and addressed to the Commissioners of Public Works.
This important document will be found in another
column, taken from the Dublin ministerial journal,
and it completely corroborates the information already
conveyed to our readers.
It communicates the intention of the government
to comply with the request made by so many Irish
gentlemen, by Mr. MORE O'FEaR.tLL, and by Mr.
SMITH O'BRIEN, in his letter of December 1, to allow
permanent improvements to be undertaken by the
proprietors and tenants for life of estates on the prin-
ciples of the Drainage Act. The nature of the born is
fully explained in Mr. TREVELTAN'S letter. Its pro-
bable result cannot be better conveyed than in the
words of Mr. SMITH O'BRIEN.
If duo facilities were to be afforded for the practical adop-
tion of these enactments, there can be no doubt that a very
large amount of capital woul I be borrowed for the reclama-
tion of land. A corresponding impulse would be given to
the employment of reproductive labour, there would be no
officious interference on the pare of the state with the exc.,
cutien of the details of work, the T.rmanent interests o'
tenants as well as of landlords would be promoted, the
future supply of feud would be augmented, taxation for the
relief of Use pour would be diminished, the labouring popu-
lation would not be demoralised by a system of pauper work,
the general wealth of the country would be increased, and,
sonimucntly, the revenue of the state would receive a COrre-
spending increase."
The comrolilation of the Drainage Acts, which we
already stated as about to take place, lowers the in-
terest to be levied on loans for such purposes from
five to four per cent.
In return fir these boons, government claims, and
will give itset.' by enactment, the power to sell such
estates as shall be two instalments in arrear ; and
at the same tioe breaks the bJnds which tie up
entailed property, and prevent its sale. How
fully these must ok •erate, not only for the security
of the moneys advt, need, but for the reformation of
landed property and landed proprietorship in that
country, it is needless t, a attempt to demonstrate.

so that the union of the party of constitutional
Monarchists may be completed ; and, provided this
party be faithful to its principles, a strong and re-
spected government will be formed, which will
correct existing abuses, maintain the public tran-
quillity, and develop° the institutions.
El Clamor Public° annsunces a horrible attempt of
the Cabralists in Poitagal, such as, if proved
authentic, is a disgrace to the age in which we lire.
It is said thit tLis party, net being able to quell the
insurrection by arms, rcsol:ed todo so by the perr-
petration of a frightful crim". Secret agynts wee
sent to the head quarters of ;)as Antos, with the
mission to fire the magazines, and poison the troops.
Happily, Das Antas discovered the Proi(ct in suf-
ficient time to save his unhappy soh;iers, to Ay:tom
5,000 rations of poisoned bread had alreat:v been dis-
tributed.
mAinuo, Dsc.ll.—Three per Cents., 311 ; Four per Centa 21 ;
Five per Cents., 211; l'asbivm, 61; Coup.sis, 11.11.—Ezeban:te 00
Loudon, 361.

ITALY.—The demonstrations which have taken
place in the early pert of the present month at Leghorn,
at
Florer,ee, at Sienna, at Ma, and throughout all Tu.,cany,
prove that the national spirit is daily developing itself. Too
celebration of the hundredth anniversary of the expulsion of
the Austrians from Genoa, wets the cause of these demon-
strations. Fires were lit on the different heights of the
Apennines, balloons with the national colours ascended from
the different villas, young men paraded the streets, crying,
" Long live national independence!" " Death to the
Austrians." A proclamation, clandestinely printed, was
posted upon the walk. After reminding the itallane that it
was on the sth l)ee. 1746, that the people of Genoa gave the
signal for rising against the Austrian troops, which devas-
tated the country and insulted Italian liberty and indepen-
dence, and after saying "that for a hundred years l•aly has
been eagerly awaiting the hour to extend the triumph of the
Genoese to the plains of Lombardy, to drive their foreign
deminaton beyond the Alps," the proclamation ends as
!allows: " Itahans ! a vietery similar to that carried Ly the
valorous Genoese may be renewed. But to-day let us weep to-
gether—let us weep, old and young, people and nobles of every
faction, of every province ! Let us weep that we are obliged
with suppressed voice, and arms weighed down with chain',
to celebrate the hundredth anniversary of FO noble an act.
Iday our pious tears engender in every heart the sacred
germs of hope, and a courage equal to the sacred duty of
regaining our independence." The Tuscan anthuriths were
on the alert the whole night of the 6th and 6th; the police
tore down the proclamation from the walls, and sevent, en
persons were arrested. The greater number were, however,
set at lib:rty oar the following day, us it was feared that
the public exeitement might give rise to some serious disorder.
In the Romagna the enthusiasm was equally greet. At
Forli, at Rimini, at Ravenna, fireworks were let off, the
houses illuminated, and " death to the strangers " shouted
through the streets.
DENMARK, DEC. 12.—The abolition or reduction
of the import duty on earn, groats, and flour, which we
lately communicated as a project of law nreseuted to the
Estates of Jutland, has been proclaimed by a royal ordi-
nance of the 9th of this and extended also to the
duch:es.

On Friday and Sttards, v last the Cracow affair
continued to engross almost a s much of the attention
of the public and the press in . Paris as if that subject
I had not been long since exhaust ed. Tile text of the
discussion at present is the rtrti,t. .! which recently ap-
peared in the A aSeri.,lll Obsereer, and which must be
regarded as an official apology for the proceeding of
the three powers. It is said that the French Ambas-
sador. at Vienna, Count Flahault, is to. be immediately
recalled and sent to London, and M. Wesson to be
transferred from Madrid to Vienna. '1 be object of
this manceuvre being at once to offer aat rt of satis-
faction to England for the trick of the mar. -loges, and
to put forth a semblance of disr4casure at 1
.ot being
forewarned of the approaching confiscation of CI3.COW.
We give this report as it is current wii !tout at 'Y Ps-
rantee for its authenticity.
The Epoque, of Saturday, fully confirms th filet
announced in the Paris correspondence of the Er-
press relative to the recall of M. Barbet de St. 'llY,
French consul at the Mauritius.
The article which appeared in the E.rprcas of 1
the 14th on the rupture between France and Englant 1
is quoted at length, and commented on by several of 1
1
the Paris journals. 1 JANIAICA.
Considerable disturbances continue to take place Sir C. Grey had not arrived when the packet sailed,
among the working classes in different parts of at at was not expected to leave Barbadnes before the end of
France, on account of the dearness of provisions. the • present year. 'The House of A.'9Clll bly met on the 17th
For the last ten days at Lyons all business has been of a Nitivestlbc, rt Jeer dispatch
.offoebrunsoirsost,
o'lielle,,,clorts oIS pro- I
suspended. The silk-dyers deserted their workshops, partce` 015th3 pr,ceedings ithe 19th. A committee nuts
give
and their example was speedily followed by tanners, ippej; ated to consider the petition from St. Ann's parish re-
carpenters, and other trades. The ostensitle cause of lative to the sugar duties and the general state of the Wand.
the strike is the dearness of provisions. The combina- It was understood that all the petitions from the agricultural
tion demands shorter time, a minimum of four frantic distriett. i, wouldee wos be tetrerdeftlo toeontshbilscrethmemipte!r- if
sPectiV
a day of wages, the limitation of the number iscosmrenfislac, is of Kingston.al The reasons' for. this steplu we7rel'lthuse
of apprentices to one for every . ten journeymen, and dated by Mr. Sanguinetti:
to prevent employers front giving a preference to uit ssc: v true what he had heard from very good euthorite. that a
some workmen over others.
-..ealthy Sp int.:rd had arrived in Kingston with ten thocieued pomade
in gold, for • the purpose of purchasing good, for a foreign ruerhet,
A serious disorder broke out on the 15th amor.g and he cote d Only procure four thousand rounds worth, consequ ants
the workmen employed to repair the ravages of the 112 to earn :.,,iwaY sitxuramu-tyir to lit
necessit...lhet,:teee to Pereheeeti teermah,
flood. A body of 1,000 struck, in consequence of reatrietione upon importse4 meet he obsloue. liii6atl.tc-inral 7171ginEtli;
being paid by task-work, instead of by day-worlf. the depot fr. r the whole of the trade in three seas. Thee uncle was
They assembled armed with their tools, cut off tl e now gone. "3 al il Wa' n"c'esuY• if P°'"ible' t"-.'M'abli'k it' tor.nei to the agneultaral interests of duo country, her crenumenal
communications, broke the waggons, trucks, and interests suer e the meet important.
other machineries, and finally destroyed the tools Several r aentbee, however, reminded the house that no
themselves. It was only by the intervention .if final action mould be resolved on till the British Possessions' i
the troops that this entente was quelled. Bill was bef sea
the house. Mr. Porteous said :
Bread-riots, in which attempts were made to forte .rlat,t.h.:WltwverstlarcistOtitil:Ltate all, :aars'lno`alesrsidtsiin°,t'Vao„iras'ili
the bakers to sell at a rate lower than the market Kasston to Von, of St. That: Ida. floweN•er /hirable such a mea-
price have taken place at Blois and elsewhere. sure might lx .4 wreell be bar useable for them to do so raw; halides,
he was eatise ad slat on the r arival of tit: new governor the house
The National was ',seized by the police on Friday. would receive a .coneetuniem. ion re-Teethe, the Brinell Pone/eons
The editor professes to be ignorant of the cause of th:s aili, br whle.er the eall,renl: al dulieB I, g; 4 ow`hed. Kiugmin will
in a great nwasure 1 memo
ed. At paws all the Swiss, Gorman,
measure. an'lnthee foreign goods are ! ricked up in the bonded warehouses, and
The visit of Rothschild to London continues to be the mercies' cyst ARIA . cannot POO them; theerthe those who
reported as having a political object. Some of the 't 4,7 to .!!.!,,r, ease Wafer St. Thomas's, wilkh re u fre. port, :mile/here
ri Jana to Pat' o c to not exist. That evil Kingston will be
journals say that he is officially commissioned to corn- relieved of.
manic:ate with Lord Palmerston on the rupture of On the motion of 'NI r. Barclay, a message was sent to the
the entente cordiale. This statement folds believers in Lieut. Go serner„ re qi Jesting him to communicate to the
Paris. Home Gosernms.at I ,hi at the house is no longer in a condition
Long conferences took place daily lust week at the tow,taLfoir Goodsirr.ce migration. Some difference of opinion
Tuileries between Louis Philippe, the tiling of seemedParce,l ;ta,
. '.o.
s 'nteheet-ealeuiedeueftiConoa.lifet'iltaebostutr ; lagar dtutialesl
the Belgians, and M. Guizot, at which copies of'all the expease of fir
_porting free immigrants from India could
the despatches connected with the Spanish marriages not be tome. M. :. Barclay stated that " the Asiatic labourers
were communicated to the King of the Belgians, and i•ost 15/. each P
.: bring them here, and it would cost 71., at
it is understood that the latter has been pat in laebaLtl "al. total': them back ; whereas the Africans only cost
, possession of all the information aectmsaty to enable take them ba e
k.'
tug them here, and there was no expense to
The house went into committee on the
him to act the part of a mediator between the Courts state
of the'
Aland on the 10th. A genes of resolutions were
of the Tuileries and St. James's. moral by' It. Barclay. They are not reported, but their
M. Mendizabol and Olaaaga Laft Paris for Madrid tenor MP: i be inferred from the remarks of Mr. Edward
on Saturday, the latter having been returned for four Thum n, with whose speech the report breaks off. That
gentle,ps 0
P an spoke strongly against the Sugar Duties Act, and
places. agate ... the West Indians who supported it, but confessed
The weather in France continues. to he severe. that !"
1' ts policy could not be reversed :
The navigation of the Loire is stopped by ice. 1
mu :d procure labour, and were allowed the full benefit oil
The Northern Railway Company have introduced ft, 1.. r trahelec,°thle'er ruin May he ileettellr If the British government
heaters. of hot water into the first-clias carriages. "ally desired to supdress the slave trade, that object might be mum-
pliehed, and a benefit and set of justice at the same time done to the
OR. Friday and Saturday ale tin were seen on the •
. colonies. If, instead of keeping large fleets on the meet of Afnca,
Boulevards and Champs Elyaees at Paris. they were to employ those vessels at a much lees expense in La Web-
iug free labourers to the colonies, they would take a most effectual
pears, Dee. 19.—Three per Cents. 81; Five per Cents., 11l I
moan Five r Cern,. 1;&40, 101 , 'Rom. yz,.., 1,/ ; Tees, 0; step to enable us to compete with slave countries, and to check
8.,e,. el ; Bank shwa, kw. E.,!....A.,,,-.Thndffii, 3, , wry the slave trade. Again, if they got an additional supply
.of
Jam free labour, and they should also demand the free admis-
ra 43; ditto, 90 days. :5 as. sion of colonial sugar and molasses in the breweries and menu.
Peas, Dec. 19.--Paris and Orlesine, 1267 50; Paris and . factories of Great Britain, and an equalisation of the duties on
913 73; Rouen and Havre, 670; Avignon &nu Marseille% '''"`"' British and t',lonial spit • ' ota, it was well known that at present the
Strasburg and Bide, 218 75; Centre Vierem, 61d; Are 891 25 ; duty on colonial spirits • high as to amount almost to a
is so
Boulogne, 410; Bonleaux, 565; North, 653 75; Paris ague and prohibition, and the consequence 'et that there is scarcely any rum
burg, 488 75 ; Toure and Nantes, 497 a 0 ; Paris and Lye Btu' consumed in Scotland, and none in IreleruL Then, again, if sugar
Dieppe and Reamp, 3eo. A 6. "' " , was freely admitted into the manufactories, not only would it be used
in the breweries, but it would be applied to other purposes in other
manufactories, and the increased demand sud consumption
would keep up the price. Ile thought if this were &tic,
we would yet be able to keep up onr cultivation. Ile be-
lieved that yet there would be a further reduction of the
dory ney allow— ler helium that reduction win be made upon
colonial Pagers alone, time will show; but he considered that the
unanimous voice of the country ought to be raised to urge upon the
government the absolute justice of the demand. They must Crow the
government and the people of England that they have heavy burthens
on them, and that untrue they give us that aid which we are justly
entitled to, it will be impossible for us to continue to exist ass produc-
ing colony. It is by the carrying out of the principles of free-trade to
their full extent, as he had pointed out, that they could alone expect
relief. They must go with the current—it was of no usc to hope that
the government would retrace their steps—it is utterly impassible for
them to re-ertalcslt the differential duties on sugar ; but still we
must not nit down in apathy.
The parish meetings continued, hut their importance has
diminished since the session of the legislature commenced.
The House of Assembly must now be looked to as the organ
of public opinion in Jamaica.
The ship Indus arrived at Port Royal on the 17th Nov.,
from St. Helms, with 310 emancipated Africans captured
be H.M.'s brig Water Witch, on the coast of Africa. The
Indies was chartered, on behalf of this colony (Jamaica), to
bring the Africans hither as free emigrants.
Capt. G. S. Reddon, of the schooner Joseph Howe, was
apprehended at Jamaica, on a charge of murdering the mate
of his vessel, between St. Domingo and Jamaica.
A singular disease has existed amongst the Jamaica
cocom for two years past. The leaves appear green and
healthy to the eye, but on opening the cocoa it proves rotten
and unsound. This disease prevails, and is extending in
St. George's and Portland.
The paucity of arrivals has bettered the position of our market, by
cousin,; a proportionate advance in the crier of most articles, arcriel-
ing to their scarcity. The stock of flour, meal, hams, breed., Ameri-
can candles, cheese, lard, butter, cod oil, and alewives, is bemusing
light, whilst the de:nand eminence active.
Expour4.Sugar has brought from Ills. 6d. to 28s. per 1001bs.
Rum is looking up; 50 puncheons have been parted with at is. ii.
per gallon. Small parcels command 4a. 3d. for ordinary description=,
and is. Gd. for best sorls.—De C,ondona'al .1/email/its Lc fetieencer.
Nov. 20.

WEST INDIA MAIL.
SOUTUAMPTON, DEC. 20.

The West India steamer Forth, Captain Chapman,
arrived this morning. Her dates are—Demerara,
November 19; Tobago, 20th ; Grenada, 26th; St. Vin-
cent, 26th; St. Lucia, 27th; Martinique, 27th; Gua-
deloupe, 27th ; Antigua, 28th; Montserrat, 28th;
Nevis, 28th ; St. Kitts, 28th; Tortola, 29th ; St.
'Thomas, 30th; St. Jago de Cuba, 19th; humica,
23rd ; Jaemel, 2,ith ; Porto Rico' 27th. Hcr cargo
conisted of drugs, tobacco, and 12 boxes of specie.
The Forth was unable to communicate with Fayal
on account of the weather. She was at St. Domingo
at the time of the hurrictue at Ilavanna, and exp.:
rienced calm and beautiful weather on that day. She
touched at Havanna three weeks afterwards, and
found the harbour very dangerous on account of the
sunken vessels. Buoye arc being laid down to warn
vessels from the wrecks.

The Madrid mails of the 10th were received in
Paris on Friday. The elections were p toceeding.
An extraordinary evpipie:i brought the returns to
the 12th inclusive, by which it apr i that 103
returns were known, of which ,8 we re reported to be
cinder being corn-
favourable to the ministry, tli rem
with a sprinkling
posed principally of Progresststtp ,
lartinez de la Rosa,
of Puritans and Absolutists. .
As who had failed at Madrid, w elected by a large
majority at, Grenada. MM. Arrazola and Galiano,
former ministers, were reLa' lied, as were also MM.
. President of Congress,
Castro y Orozeo, the last
Olozaga and Pacheco.
save given above are those
li
waThigne4robpoyrtthioensmin7te l
serial organ; but it seems pro-
bable that, from thr , statements of the opposition
papers, the results it :e much more favourable to the
I opposition. An r .pproaching ministerial crisis is so
strongly and Tiar simonsly asserted b - the opposition,
and so very hue .1y denied by the ministerial organs,
that there is every reason to believe a change will
take place. " Zile King Consort and the Infant Enrique
are unders'
.00d to be hostile to several members of
the,Prese„ll` c cabinet.
im 1" tow of Saturday states in unqualified terms
that fir ,vernment had received on Friday a telegraphic
des?. Ach from Bayonne, announcing that Das Antas
had been abandoned by his troops, and that Oporto
he A submitted. No such despatch, however, is men-
%toned by the immediate organs of the government.
i The Madrid mails of the 11th, 12th, and 13th, were
still due in Paris when our correspondent closed his
despatches.

Since the above was written, and at the moment
before closing his despatches, our Paris correspondent
received the Madrid mails of the 11th.
The elections were still in progress. The Absolut-
ists, or a large portion, gave their votes to M. Memli-
zabal, and the I'aritans to M. Cortina. The resignation
of M. Pacheco was finally accepted, and officially
announced. The Minister of Marine had been recon-
ciled to the Infant 1)on Enrique.
El Espanol says that in the new Cortes parties will
take a new attitude. The Cabinet must be changed,

- - -
DESTRUCTIVE 111.• RR] CA N E AT GRAND CATMAN.—A
dreadful hurricane burst upon this islet on the 9th of Octo-
ber. '1 he sea having risen above the iron-bound coast about
midway the island (Savannah), flowed through " Newlands"
into the s, a on the other side, forming a kind of rapid entirely
impassable in the usual course. The road is upwards of
four hundred yards from the sea, notwithstanding which any
of our island vessels would have floated in it ! Persons on
horseback, with the greatest imaginable risk, swam their
horses across the shallowest part of tht stream, while others
attempting it on foot, later in the day, were obliged to con-
tent themselves with passing the night in the insecure
refuge of trees, while the angry waters flowed beneath them,
threatening at each successive wave, to uproot their frail

and temporary temporary shelter. Vessels on the
eels wer stocks were we
lost.ashed
off and carried above the houses. Many ye,
The cattle suffer from the effects of the storm, being destitute
of water and grass ; and in a few weeks tune the people must
experience a famine. The plantations, considered with tho
other loves, will not fall far short of thirty thousand pounds.
The subjoined is an extract of a letter addressed to a
mercantile house in Kingston, Jamaica, giving a description
of the same catastrophe :
w I beg to forward you the following account of one of the most
awful, drt Lulful, and clisn'e:sing hurricanes that has ever hamaned at
this !shied since the memory of mail. On the itth October last, a
tremendous sea set in, with a light breeze from E.N.1.., arwl con-
tinued till about ten ticeoch, p.m., of the night of tielOtb, when the
wind increased, and at 0 o'clock the following morning it blewthe
a
hurricane. At 2, p.m., same day, the wind suddenly veered to
south, and soon utter mere arose one of tae mast tremendous hurri-
canes that has ever Ix-ea vitae rd by the oldest settlers of
tills island. The sca r.rose mountains high, and made one
continual break from the troubled ocean to my resilience. The
only scene I could witness was completely engulfed and pent
up; the public roads each side of me were inundate,'
oral Mica M illi sea stones. My only refuge from danger
Was to flee to the top of a muggy cliff, above a quarks of
a mile attack my house, that we could not at any other time have
ventured on. There the sea tidy:fuse:l within twenty fathoms of us.
previous to leaving my house with my (amity, the sea washed over Its
I door, which stood four feet high, bU nut we were obliged to await an
opportunity for the sea to subside a little, before we could get out;
then we were half in water. Just after WC t
wo the cliff the sea ran
to its edge, where a vases of taw tidy tows ld have floated; in
!hat dreadful situatimi we were expavd to all weathers, with but a
st,,all sail over us. Two of nth children were sick with a severe cold,
th„ caused one of them to be convulsed. There we remained the
whole of the night cooped up iu the smoothest spot we could select.
The iff..`lt morniug, when the weather abated, I came out to my
h.,u,y, _h,:w dreadful was the scene of devaatatiouf The floor
huf,:ted oft;
~a 4 a great many of my effects floated away ; my small
shop ,s-,hcd t,lstrn with -.chat it contained; my yard filled with sea
stones ; every tress as do as I eould see, torn up by their roots; roads
1 nil sl,,pi,ed A neivrese,l I had on the stocks was washed off her
Clocks; soother one in the h.'rbour, off Spott's island, parted her
anchors, drove on shore, mid an. nt to pieces. tosrehooses helcoging
to )Ir. Eden, about a mile from ilk '. were destroyed, with their prin-
cipal contents. Five or sit dwelling 110.41,es near the place were lost
to the poor families, with their conten. s, also a new vessel buildine,
betengir7 to Mr. Tdotuas S. Walter, Mk 'ted off her blocks, and was
mire. n.en.. Nine vessels lying in ha rbour of Gccrgetown were
lost, cline with rargoeo—three c•f them sank at their anchors, the rest
were driven on shore anal broken to pieces; two. however, were bored
up, but much injured—one of them w di, a cargo. (shy two survived the
hurricane without injury, which apecars to be tic: wonderful inter-
pwition of God in 1 saving us GM or two t i make known our distress-
ful situation. The loss of property is immense; an the growing
provisions are destroyed. The whole island has been thoroughly
soaked in &sit voter, the comwquenee of the inundation. May Gni in
his infinite mercy send us speedy relief, to prevent us from *gag
famished ! hu provisions eau be obtaincsl in the isiaii.l ; numbers of
poor families arc wit destitute of houses., food, out rei.neut ; the
wells me mule salt, the gram all destroyed. What :na.r or beast will
do, God only knows.