The Express.
London, England, 1847-05-31 00:00:00

COLONIAL

CANADA.—Accounts from Montreal state that
the St. Lawrence is open, and that two vessels, the St.
Andrew and Cambria, had gone up. A local journal rapt:
"It is probable that the exports from the St. Lawrence
will far exceed those of previous years. In connection with
this subject we may mention, that instructions hare readied
Montreal from the home government directing the authori
ties to allow American smell to load at Montreal.
This, if not too late, is likely to afford considerable
facilities to shipping business. Hitherto Floor meld
come to Montreal in Ann rican bargee, and American ships
could go to Quebec; but between the two ports there was a
great g alf, which made an expensive trans-shipment necessary.
Its much to be regretted that the remission was not
sooner accorded, or the law made known. The
builders end forwarder* are doing all they can to and
themselves of their advantages. Several ships have
already been launched at Quebec, and two magnificent
steamers of the largest sixe will be started this salon,
one on the Quebec, end the other on the Kingston line.
The Montreal Bank has declared a hal*yearly dividend Of
4 per cent., payable on the Ist of June. It is also an-
nounced that at the n^xt annual meting, on the 10th June, the
proprietors will be asked to decide on the propriety of peti-
tinning the lepisisture for permission to increase the capital
of the institution by an amount of 240,0001., which will raise
the capital to 1,000,0001. currency."
The provincial parliament is to meet on the 4th of July.
Lord Cathcart had embarked for Lapraire, on his way to
B.staa. An address, signed by more than 2,000 signatures,
was pressured to his lordship by the citizens of Montreal, ex-
prearieg, in very romplimentary terms, their appreciation of
his merits as governor and es commander of the farces, and
their regret at his tisperture.

ARMED INTERVENTION IN PORTUGAL
The following is the protocol of the conference held
at the Foreign-office in London on the 21st instant, and at
which were present the Plenipotentiaries of Spain, Frame,
Great Britain, and Portugal :
The plenipotentiaries of Spain, France, Great Britain,
and Portugal having assembled in conference upon the le-
vitation of the plenipotentiary of Portugal, the Portuguese
plenipotentiary declared that be had learnt by despatches
received that same day from his government the motility
of the endeavours made at Oporto by Colonel Wylde and
the Marquis de Hespena, to put as end to the civil war is
Portugal, on the conditions which the Queen of Portugal
had authorised them to make known to the Junta. He added
that es the Queen of Portugal had offered these terms in
conformity with the councils of her allies, he was Merged
by her moat faithful Majesty to renew the step already made
by her towards her allies, who had taken part in the treaty
of 22nd April, 1834, in order to obtain from them the nem,
eery aid to effectuate the pacification of her stair.—She
Baron de Moncorvo afterwards declared that the modeles
offered to the Junta of Oporto, in the name of her rehires
fel Majesty, were—First,--A fill and general snug Sr
all political offences committed since the betimes et lb
mouth of October last, and the immediate recall of all pawn
who since that period had been constrained to leave=
from political motives. Secondly,—The immediate
of all decrees promulgated since the beginning of Oar
last, which are in conflict with or in opposition to them*.
blished laws and constitution of the kingdom. Thkey,—
A convocation of the Cortes, as soon as the elections sat
to take place immediately shall be terminated. Fourthly,—
The immediate nomination of a ministry composed of par-
sonages who do not belong to the party of the Unshod
are not members of the Junta of Oporto. The Englie pile
nipotentiary confirmed the declaration of Boron Mennen
and said that the British government had that moindegit
eeived despatches from Cal. Wylde, announcing that
minion in which he bad been employed, conjointly withal
Marquis de Hesperia, had failed, and that the Junta
fused to put ass end to the civil war upon the terms pramst
by her mat faithful Majesty, or even to consent M a eagser
*ion of arms. The plenipotentiaries of Spam, Frame, ad
Great Britain, taking there circumstances into stress es.
sideration, and calling to mind the deep interest which**
respective governments felt in the well-being of Unhidden'
of Portugal, with the lively desire of them gemenineela Is
see the civil war which is desolating this osudly Pt
end to, on conditions founded, on one side, spa es sod
due to the dignity and constitutional rights Si ,helms
and calculated, on the other side, to insure sullehrili
liberties of the people • convinced, moreover, that lie mg
proposed by her most faithful Majesty were well framed BC
attaining these two ends, concur in thinking that a 11/111/*
tore has now presented Itself on which their
evensongs might, in full conformity with the
which Say are guided, weeds to tbe des sis mem
which is Almost lo dim by tbs Qum a Pr =t
o= o rtaird:l% deol:Portattios dor
isreksior of the throe powers, showed tip si*
then woo for Wass soessoreo in conformity whis
awakes, sad royeososbod that, in the mist SS ell eh
kira ..P•Kollas delsgy scaldady add to the WS *rite
altwirvernisfa with mid* the Wilma
of Is aids& Esvis repel to time dr
ansibmoss. sad possadod etas wow at the me.'
tan, the yissirsbrodoriss ot the duos powers, insholis
COMM le meek is Ow assiail d Ow Patepses
L=4isesh wes desidei orreseraso by the OF'
@fibs bur poins=stiosiii=o....
str~ Al& IND
weft bo ads debembisidos. die phripolosfiwies
hem% ma Grog Wilda awes dist dos sod him .11
eektrospoolho reormerato ortoolly *dime& IS dramas
Pcat'llal Asa Itbs yoet osejoindy and isistasilbobblie
naval fares et We lint Maga blojesztrasis
et ems
doomed oroosesoy or symosso by do
sembissa ham fa air So ssumpilla the Aid or
Ur
MUM sit m• sivirimilmy of Wltaltho arr.
dot a body st troops, the sessobse of don to IPA
=V=fillfaltbisiretse too=isimma
et bar mit Ilejostyl_ sad *at sulk wogs ..-7-117
tire opin lost wfaie two menthe Aar
lIMI
truss, se maw Ifs ef diso 0411011"=
Tho eras tar yews
onion to tb• swissonsido of ,ado
be berairdsly oat to the Amiss of the navy data
the gnatstrwills, sod to the 11=1 womenaln
aids orsopos. * holders of
(ftaW Xsvnta Ds lessans—Jassow

PALMSZWICON—Zaemaus,..
UNITED STATES AND
MEXICO.
TILE Caledonia, Captain Gott, arrived in the Meal
on Saturday evening; her dates are—New ltsrk•
May 16; Boston, May 18; and Halifax, May
The Britannia was entering Boston harbour as us
Caledonia left; having made the passage in
days, the quickest yet aceomplisha The Wale&
'poke the Hibenua on her outward passer
00
23d inst., and would have reached Liverpool a 61
wooer but for heavy head winds.
Tines arrivals bring intelligence of smear
victory gained by the Americans over the Madam*
at Cerro Gordo, and the advance of the vito32
to Jalapa and Perote. On the 16th of Aped, thi'w
vision al the American army under Gen. Tw,.
camped below Cerro Gordo, was joined by tae ow`
two divisions. A skirmish took place that 004
between a band of Rancheros and an America
folviing party, in which the former were rooted. The
nseatet work thrown up by the Mexicans was about
a mils and a half from the American enptalot•
The rood from Vera Cruz to Jalapa passes hersl2
ravine commanded for several miles by _
rising one above another, all fortified. iseuind
ltee
thin pane, the road, moving round the ridge,Plo°.'
steep ascent enfiladed by the forts and batteries of to.
Cerro Gordo for near a mile. Santa Anna was under-
stood to have occupied these defencES with WI
pniece.,ooo
andto 12t111,000heavymencann, andm intopodihativoen. 2-Ithroseifiekl-
Soott ordered a road to be cut
a chararal on his right with the view to take these
obstacles in flank. This movement was made has

-

ee e deserter to the enemy, who immediately sent
"fiemeal Vega with a strong detachment to reinforce
go fees in that direction.
Oda the 17th, the " General Orden" intimated that
le whole line of the enemy's entrenchments and
Loom were to be attacked in front, and at the same
tote tamed early next day—probably before 10 A.M.
Fig tbe latter service General Twigg's division, it
e. egged, was already within easy turning distance
Who enemy's left, with orders to move forward by
do.neeak, and take on a position in the enemy's
.
oar, to cut off his retreat to Jalapa. Worth's 1
.
• rim to follow the movement against
do enemy's left at sunrise. General Pillnu's brigade, i
ie ieee as :Iv report of arms on the American right
diem be heard, had instructions to pierce the enemy's
nee of batteries (the nearer the rear the better). Once
la the rear of the line, he was to turn to right and
lee, sad attack them in reverse. Wall's field battery
saa the cavalry were to be held in reserve, and to
that end to take up their position out of view and
reap of the enemy's batteries on the National-road,
at 9 Len.
This attack was made, and crowned with mimes%
et she 18:h, before 2 p.m. General Twigg fhlly
aripalled the part of the plan allotted to him. In
=the mountain range beyond Cerro Gordo, he
a strong force to carry that height, which
tolliserds the Jalapa road, and, if earned, would
if& him to cut off any part of the enemy's force
someing in that direction. This detachment
Mended the long and difficult slop., without shelter,
main • tremendous fire, and drove the enemy from
tip entrenchments with the bayonet. General
Pillau's brigade twice assaulted the line of batteries,
and, though repulsed both times, contributed to dis-
tract the attention of the Mexicans. Worth's division
did not come up in time to support the attack on
the tower which crowns Cerro Gordo. The total
Ices of the Mexicans in this affair was estimated by
General Scott at about 350, of the Americans at 250.
About 3,000 men laid down their arms, with the
usual proportion of field and company officers, besides
five generals—Pinson, Jarrero, La Vega, Noriega,
and Obando. General Vsaquez was killed defending
the tower captured by Triggs' detachment General
Triggs pressed on in pursuit of the fugitive., and
bivouacked that night within three miles of Jalapa.
Early on the morning of the 19th the American
advance guard entered and took possession of Jalapa.
On the 21st, General Worth advanced in the
direction of Perote, which he reached early
on the 22nd. It was already ousemened
_by
the Mexicans, but a Colonel Vasquez had been left
behind to surrender it in form. A Met quantity of
small arms, in excellent order, were Sound in the
castle, and the great guns had sat bean spared.
The accounts of the attitude ainibral by the
Mexicans after this additional defeat ayes vague and
sometimes contradictory. Santa Anna bed made his
way to Orizaba, on the southern line of road from
Vera Cruz to Mexico. He is said to have reached that
place accompanied only by 200 or 300 men, and
already to have collected a body of 6,000, partly com-
posed of runaways from Cerro Gordo, partly of re-
cruits from the State of Oajaca. Ampudia,
with three thousand men, was in the vicinity
of Perote, when General Worth entered it, but imme-
diately fell back. Santa Anna was trying to rouse
the Rincheros to form guerilla parties, and cut off
straggling Americans. General Inchin,who commanded
at Puebla, was fortifying that town, which is the next
on the route of the invading army towards the capital.
At Mexico itself, the citizens were throwing up earth
walls, and n eking other preparations for defence.
General Scott, unable to keep so many prisoners, and
unwilling to incur the expense of sending them to
some sure place of detention, had released
them all upon their parole, except the five
generals, who, at their own request, were sent under
parole to Vera Cruz, thence to be embarked for the
United Suites. To this step the commander-in-chief
was encouraged by finding not one of those who had
given their parole at Vera Cruz among the prisoners
taken at Cerro Gordo. Subsequently to the battle,
several American expresses to Vera C'inz had been
cut off on the road.
Intelligence had been received at New Orleans
from Saltillo to the 16th, and from Camargo to the 18th
of April. The soldiers at Buena Vista and Saltillo were
in good health. Gen. Taylor was at Walnut Springs,
and said to be rather annoyed at the news of his hav-
ing been started for the presidency. A party of
Americans thrown out in front bad found Minon, at
Encarnacion, at the head ef 1,000 or 1,500 lancers;
they failed to draw him into an engagement, and some
of their stragglers were cut off. Urrea was believed to
be in considerable force near Marin. The Mexicans had
almost entirely deserted Camargo. General Taylor
had hewed orders that no party under 1,000 should
pass between that place and Monterey. A requisition
had been received from him by the Quartermaster-
General at Camargo for a large number of India—
rubber bags, fitted to carry water. This seemed to
indicate a contemplated march through a waterless
country, and corroborated a report of his intending to
form a junction with General Scott by way of San
Ltda. But, on the otherhand, the expirationof the time
of service of many had so thinned General Taylor's
ranks, that this seemed improbable. Colonel Doni-
phan bad opened a communication with General
Taylor, offering to join him, if it were thought ad-
visable. In the mean time, the Colonel had offered
to evacuate Chihuahua if the citizens would pledge
themselves to remain neutral till the end of the war.
The Mexican government was, up to the date of
the latest news from head-quarters, in a pre-
carious state. Ott the 31st of March, a bill
was passed in Congress to abolish the office of vice-
president The object of this measure was to get rid
of Gomez Ferias, who had not been deposed from it.
The bill declared that a " substitute " should be chosen
to discharge the duties of the "provisional president"
(Santa Anna), during his absence ; and that the legis-
latures of the states should proceed to elect a president
on the 15th of May. Immediately after passing this
law, Congress proceeded to elect a • substitute," and
Don Pedro Anaya was chosen. The whole nation, it
is said, acknowledges the probity and ability of this
gentleman. He was installed on the 2nd of April.
Immediately after the receipt of the news of the de-
feat at Cerro Gordo, an extraordi2.n ssion of
Congress was called, and a decree empower-
esing the supreme government of the ge 7i can- Union to
dictate all necessary measures for carrying on the
war, defending the nationality of the republic, and
preserving the federal union. The supreme govern-
ment was expressly prohibited to make peace ; and
every person entering into treaties with the United
States of America was deolsred a traitor. It was
provided that, in the event of Congress being com-
pelled to discontinue its sittings, a permanent com-
mittee should be appointed with all necessary powers
for carrying on the god. t.
Tnspar had been talon by the American squadron.
Only a small ' wee left; and an expedition
against the Mo ports was mid to be in prepara-
tion. lieutenant , the meek-hero of Alvarado,
had been tried by a essextesnetiat sentenced to be
dismissed from serving in the squadron, and sharply
reprimanded by Commodore Peery.
The only remaining intelligences d accent from
Mexico relates to the following sisewmat, which
far itself:
err wren emir= Meru. Pre pica Me. eel
a.a:274=timpepl:W=ahlwri.*:e4=l2,l44
wow pert et wary li lie DAM Nal% lad IN dli: tbeir
=limy Orr are • demure ma greeigi la et tie
Ore. art bra Ehdr dresdorldreit prima
if start Mfg et doge, lifekee • elesserre be Oise seer
• merit radii premed Is era Merl le bp lito us
.
.a
• red. eraileibeg ea art etre kr/. vliSal
tear ef the rupertre mild= tie arm art
leer Messier It Ile poet. via ea ere
ef
11earleele anearer tie art ef lie aria rim
ZI: de ell Mirk large Import areridell
divot lie aro be tie sada 4 dr verrek rebi=
Mbar meet arm the redder id Ids ear. Alsle le
marreei ibet as meet will be enema le reseed will. ergo,
term is et a info par, te raw et Or rim bare amid to,
without BM embee NM min lbeg et sere pond softy to the
r cited states. ~words weriirrel la dr trial Metes tea-
opt he mildew/ft fir importance te Mr elms siselmsb van,
fume.' of re itrt duty. Ns as re der pram op Ineign
import. be reresed is aerie& anMerter be drier of
the p.m Deereggimd to. Mr irederd It ar I" hi"
tormstme oral eamernsil, nil Rodeo fe dot ibisrrue-
tine will be strictly elleirmell is this port.— u. DarCam..uS OIL C.
and Governor.—Vera Cres, April 27, 1547.
The intelligence from the United States is com-
paratively uninteresting. A report was at
'Washington on the 13th of May, that a 'on
was to be issued next day concerning an extraordi-
nary session of congress. It received next day a
detm-official contradiction in The Unies, the govern-
, ment organ. The New York Courier and Enquirer
states :
lamenting the growing mops, we have nothing to add tem,
axountot by the lakt steamer. The tumours et whiter-killed grain
are multiplied, and to a attain gate at are Moe; but In many nortineta
where the damage wee serious, the folds ham been P1m7711,0 aai ,
teaown with wing wheat. The seers every where is late. cam
bow in tke middle -of May, when the planting of earn is over. Ind=
we have ebilly„easterly, weather which retards vegetation. Bat
cause will not, unless leas prOtraeted, arra= any turedueer about

the or ?rob be the mare rely, alma re. ta Noir up. 61
be mare ,to* troth easetree too about
the *oat tbio .t . Moo will. with ea ordinary wear be a
large Top
(ftt Money end Cotton markets toe page 4..]