The Express.
London, England, 1856-08-23 00:00:00

LONDON, SATURDAY, AUGUST 23.

Tan attitude of hostility maintained by Austria
towards the Liberal Governments of Europe appears
to have embraced, during the last few months, every
alemint of religious and political antagonism. It
has become daily more and more the policy of that
Power to combine the worst energies of physical
repression with the last elate of spiritual bondage.
The intelligence that has reached us from time to
time indicates that the court of Vienna, after waver-
ing totween a prosecution of the policy to which
it bad stood committed by the terms of the Aintree.
Papal Concordat, and a return to the former liberalism
of its religious system, has determined vigorously to'
follow up the disastrous conditions of the &oafish
alliance. This desperate resolve now completes the
political and social opposition between Amelia and
that modified Italian Liberalism which is represented
by the Sardinian constitution. AU these iodisation
seem to demonstrate that the breach between the
Government and the people both in Austria and in
the metes immediately associated with her has
beeline irreparable. And mow that a new Oasis of
the domestic politics of the Court of Vienna has been
defisitively formed, it may be well to consider in
what manner the general relations of the Austrian
question have been shifted by the action of the Con-
oordlit.

It is difficult adequately to appreciate the impetus
which appears to have bees given to the principle of
insarreatioe io the Austrian dominion by this con-
tinued and violent abrogation of the traditiccary
policy of 300 years. Nothing, indeed, i.e more
fully illustrate the troth that, in the mint disturb-
sects of those territories, the revolutionary move-
meat hes been on the aide of the Govenseset sad
set on that of the people, than the direst coatraven-
ties which the Connedat involves of the prescriptive
system of Austria. That ciocumeent. Indeed, is so
complete a violation, either I. spirit or in actual
terms, of every treaty sad charter to whin the Court
of Victims hos stood pledged aloes the period of the
Reformation, that it is but lately that we have ben
forced to believe it to have been designed for any-
thing care than a dead letter.
Braotly three centuries had elapsed mina the sir
wore of the Religious Peace of Aspberg, in 1666,
when the Asstrias Conordat was promulgated,
daring the lest autumn, to the estaelehmeat of
Europe. That treaty, confiratiog and salargisi the
senior stipolati tee of the Treaty of Penn (1662),
conferred as &ninth equality of religions rights oa
the Catholics, and on the followers of the Castings
of Augsburg. This principle of quality was after-
words *attend to the whole ses•Catholie body by
the Treaties of Westphalia, whisk eland the Thirty
Tears' War, in 11348, and conitate at this hour
the ben of the Weil and religion rights paraateed
trader the Ast of the existing Germania Cow
teientioo. It is obvious, therefore, that tke
ispediatioe of former entreats to whin this
bathing Government persists in adhering, in-
nitres a breach of the modifies§ whisk had
been directly integrated into the Germain Cow
hderstion itself. We give prosaism* to these fasts,
because they are essential to a right conepdon of
the nature of the entertain to which the Austrian
Court appears at length to be mismitting itself in
earnest, with the tradineary social pomessions of
Iti subjects. And it happens that very nailer mil.
gins relation to those which were meaawhile math-
tallied, in virtue of the connote to whisk we have
referred, with GIONISS Austria, were malataind with
Beggary. If, thee, the polities' despotism of the
Government had siagly bagasse intolerable is the
last Earopsea entbren, what shunter net it
OMEN sow that it is pernmantly allied to a reli-
giose despotism f If this I. does is a green tree,
what shall be does is the dry f
The great safeguard by whisk the political despot-
ism of Austria bee bees mo long maintained has
rested is the oombinatioe of its Protestant polity wit►
Its Catholic theology. Although different religions
have ben not ally reesgaised, bat mestalgished • (to
use a con voodoos' term of our owe) by the Austrian
Government, the Roman Oatliolis has retained the
character of tbe religion of the stets. Tot, is spite
of this theoretical saperionty,the EaLq aid sot the
POTS, hes bees perpetually recognised se the Used
of the Chan within the Austrian dominion. This
proviein, which in itself rendered eves the Catholic
Ana I. Austria as mesh Protestant me Roseau,
superseded the jurisdiction of Papal Legates end the
authority of Papal Balls, sad formed a basis
for the effectual remake and demarcation of
the rights of the annually dmaktant
Oa this basis the astateiprodeesseors of these short-
sighted Minton now I. Ales at Vienna raised their
soperstrestare is a libel. of political despotism net-1
ing upon a fabric of social liberty. They needed,
duet to the area-Catholic ememinities withla the
Austrian dominions, the privilege of a practical
quality in religiose rights, them emceeing them at
awe the immediate privilege of religious freedom,
sad the indirect bruit of social freedoms nimbi
from a restriction of the Rosish Church in
its efforts to suppress intelligens sad Wenn.
They conceded, secondly, to the ()dhotis population
Itself the guarantee of the sena liberty of the
laity as against the priests. When menritim see► as
then, sleeting the every-day His of the whole people,
/saint the egression of these armed them, were
once identified with the goveraisi pewter, it woe oli-
vine that a metals degree of legishitive despotkes
would be cheerfully sinned This, is a weed, woe
the whole meet of Primo Mrrrismat's meow
Lot as on how directly opposite us the relations of
the governed tad the penis( powers at this
soomost, yaks the torso of the Cooocodat slow,

It is am that sotking sea be tors false this u.
sovietise whit* has frossatly hos satastalssil.
that this UMW, is salsalatei to Non that asset
dominion et tbs Hoses el Aurrata vlidt MI hos kid
is tho resist revolutions, by reslosisi this dynasty
is its onkel positise is the goat GOAD Peewit

every area it the Austrian dominions snaps his
Gagers at the Popish religion.
The Concordat was of merge isetitoted upon this
superficial hypothesis, that aa then were more
Catholics than Greeks or Protestants combined, in
the Austrian dominions, there would be a greater
camber appeased than disaffected by its imposition.
Eves if this were true, there wee every probability
that the positive disaffection of the few would imply
outweigh the negative satisfaction of the many. Bat
the tact was, se we have already shown, that the
Concordat iejoriosaly affected the whole population,
inasmuch as it trampled with equal violence on the
social freedom of all. Religion had so little internee
is any part of the ashen's, that the Concordat became
merely a piece of State machinery, by which the social
despotism of the Papal Church was incorporated
into the politioal despotism of the Civil Government.
Here, then, is the issue of the whole question
between repression and revolution in the Booth of
Europe. The Austrian court has placed itself in the
position of an indiffereat swimmer aught is the
graap of a sinking man ; for it lee now identified
itself with a cause more desperate and men hopeless
than its own. The news of every day points to the
imminence of a fearful social revolution is the heart
of Italy. The character of such a straggle will be
rather anti-seeerdotal than anti-moauo►iat, because
the priesthood is the mcnspring of the whole system
of Italian despotism. The association of this despo-
tism with that of Austria is now complete, and the
court of Vienna, linked to the fortunes of the Papacy,
will vainly attempt to stem the advancing tide of
domestic revolution.

Tam FATE or CICIRTJACCIIIO.—The Austrian
journals in Italy an naturally mach emiesened to
deny the tact of the murder of this brave Roman,
which has bees exposed ►y Garibaldi to the Indic.
attics of the civilised world. A London ace.
raposebint of ths Glaseelia tblicials di Malmo
beaten• to amen, on the authority of •
certain Giuseppe Asplooi, whom he describes se a
tavern•keeprr, settled somewhere in London, that
Doer mcbio, or Angelo Brunetti, as he was otherwise
called, was drowned with his sons in attempting to
ford a rim daring his flight from Rome.

gpt Court.

OSBORNE, AVOVIT 22.

Vissonst Palmerston, Mr. Secretary Labonabers
see tee Jeer Adv.rette, had sadieeeee of the Clasen
yesterday.

Tb. Mow. C. Bluing had so stainer to do boogie es hi.
oppalatmost so B.sbrp of O'osoostor. NW lordship was
tawodwood b Mr. Crewtary Laboesbare. nor Roo. Job.
V... woo Mork of Ow Cloys.

Tae Doss et Csubtitlis art Tod yesterday sa s visit,
W.W.11 by Cassel Ow Mos.'. M slowsld.

TM Qom sod Prime, with tee Primo !Loyal sad
Prime's /Wee, dm, sot is es epos carriage.
Her Majesty save the !nasal Me to-isy to the latiewre
sad weekosoplei esepleysd so the o.berss most* ; sire to
the sows sod swims st the royal yachts. the Totally
Hesse, sod ecisetisord ma at list Cewe•. Tim &tech-
mast of thoHlth Ilegiesost from lust (30Will wee oho pas-
ses.. TM beads of the Royal Mariose sod 92ad Itogiasst
were en the armed, sod played dodos the aftarsoos.
D sou ems moiled Vol sperards el 600 poems, after
wliftb s entity et rano sad seitootsesatt took place Wore
the Clem mad Prises ad tie whale of tbs royal family.

Viscount sod Videosless Petownie% wired la tows It&
Wiley from s visit to Me Majesty at Osberise.
D. %Adams venoms yesterday from the Cielosiel-sato to
W o.veroor el Camels.