The Express.
London, England, 1847-11-08 00:00:00

tie Itotundo we shall consider on a future occasion.

Our Paris despatches of Saturday have reached us.
'fhe D4bals says it has reason to believe, from
information which it has received, that the " Caisse
des Depots et Consignations" has come to a decision
not to take any part in the new loan.—The Duchess
of Valencia, wife of General Narvaez, left Paris yes-
terday for Madrid.—The I'rince de Joinville returned
to La Spezia, on the 26th ult., from Leghorn.

The Madrid mails of the Ist inst. have arrived. The
day being the festival of All Saints, the Bourse was
closed, and all public business suspended. No doubt
seemed to exist'in any quarter that another ministerial
modification would precede the assembling of the
Cortes.

The 3nm:trial des Pyr,,n,es publishes a letter from
Barcelona, stating that Queen Christina was expected
there, and mentions a rumour that she intends to go
to Rome. A Bayonne journal announces the arrival
of the family of the Duke de Rianzares in that town.
A letter from Catalonia states that a detachment of
gendarmes having gone down to the Ter to get across
in the ferry-boat found on the bank some Carlists,
whom they took for colleagues. They all went across
in the same boat, but during the passage the Carlists
got to the edge of the boat, and jumped first to land.
When they had gone a little distance they turned
round and fired at the gendarmes, wounding several
and killing one.

The entire population of Tuscany is roused into the
greatest excitement and exaltation. In Leghorn, in
Florence, in Pisa, in Sienna, in fine, in all the centres
of wealth and intelligence, the population have with
one instinct rushed to arms, demanding to march to
the rescue of their fellows at Fivizzano and Pontre-
moll. The announcement which had appeared in

.. -
some journals, originating probably from Austrian
agents, that the inhabitants of Fivizzano had resigned
themselves to the consequences of the annexation of
Lucca to Tuscany under the conditions of the treaty
of Vienna, are destitute of truth. According to
the latest advices it appears that the Modenese
troops had occupied Gallicano, but the Tuscan com-
missioner had protested against this proceeding. This
city does not make part of the territory of Fivizzano,
though it is one of the points which, according to the
treaty of Vienna, was to form the limit of the Duchy
of Modena on the reversion of Lucca to Tuscany.
Meanwhile the inhabitants of Fivizzano were pre-
paring to offer a resolute resistance to any attempt to
seize their town. All the gates were occupied by the
national guard and all the houses barricadoed. Every
means of resistance were prepared in case the Modena
:troops should attempt to occupy the town.
Letters from Pontremoli say that the inhabitants of
that place have seized the citadel, and have armed the
city guard with the muskets found there.
The Nuremberg Correspondent of the Ist gives the
EAlowing from Rome as an instance of the state of
feeling in that capital. About a fortnight ago a
young Tuscan, in the uniform of a civic guard
of his country, entered a coffee-house in Itome,
followed by several persons attracted by curi-
osity. The coffee-house keeper, finding this to
be an annoyance, requested the Tuscan to
withdraw, which he did. But the Romaas took offence
at this treatment of a civic guard of the Grand Duke
of Tuscany ; and, telling the coffee-house keeper that
his house was a rendezvous for the enemies of the
liberal cause carried off the bust of Pius IX., which
was there, in order, as they said, that it might not be
disgraced. The keeper of the coffee-house found it ne-
cessary to shut it up, as the people were so excited '
against him ; but two daysafterwards made his peace
with the liberals by opening his establishment under
a new name " The Coffee-house of Progress "
sod placing another bust of the Pope over his bar,
with that of the Grand Duke of Tuscany by the side
of it.
The Qvotidiano of Rome announces that Mr. Eve-
rett will in all probability be named ambassador of
the United States to the court of Rome.
The Unirersal German Gazette mentions from Rome
a rumour that the government of the United States
has offered to enter into a treaty of commerce and
friendship with the Pope ; and it is probable a nuncio
will be appointed to Washington.
The Gazzetta Piemonteee, of the Ist, contains a de-
scription of the public rejoicings which took place at
Turin the day before, to celebrate the reforms sanc-
tioned by Charles Albert. The whole town was
illuminated ; immense crowds of people filled every
street and square, and cries of " Long live the King !"
were frequent and universal. Not the slightest dis-
turbance took place.
The Patric of Florence states, that Lord Minto had
another long conference with the Grand Duke of
Tuscany on the 28th ult. The Florence papers
publish a decree of the Grand Duke, dated 29th ult.,
suppressing the agents of the inferior police, and their
duties are devolved upon the Royal Carabiniera. The
preamble declares that a radical reform of the police
department is in progress.

The journals of Berne of the 4th, with letters
from that and other parts of the Swiss confederacy,
have arrived. Parties had not yet actually come to
blows. The diet had not yet voted the formal decree
for carrying into execution by armed force its resolu-
tions. Numerous families of Bernese farmers settled
in Friburg were hourly seen crossing the frontier
with their cattle, furniture, and moveable property,
flying, as they said, from the menaces of murder and
file denounced against them by the priests of Friburg.
On the 31st the Bernese soldiers posted near the bridge
over the Singine at Neneneck, crossed the river, and
fraternised' during the day with the Friburg soldiers
on the other side. The latter re-conducted their
friends in the evening to their own canton, when the
same convivialities and manifestation of friendly feel-
ing took place.
The Bernese reserve, placed under the command of
President Ochsenbein, consists of two brigades, one
in the Oberland and the other in the Jura. The ar-
tillery, munitions and field equipage, had already
been expedited to their respective cantonments.
The committee of seven appointed by the l)iet on
the affair of the Sonderbund had a meeting on the 3rd,
at which the draft of a declaration of the Diet was
agreed on, and wan to have been submitted to the diet
on the following day. A report was circulated that
the Friburg cantonal authorities had resolved, if the
sacrifice were necessary for military objects, to cut
down the two magnificent suspension bridges by
which their city is approached. It will be recollected
that these bridges, which are among the most noble
monuments of art, connect two hills, which are sepa-
rated by a ravine several hundred yards deep, and are
of extraordinary span, the greatest we belive in the
world, except that which overhangs the Menai Strait.
On the 30th, the council of state of Lucerne de-
clared that canton and its capital in a state of siege.
A military tribunal was established in the town, the
ordinary administration of justice beiug suspended.
The mails coining from the adjacent cantons of
Argau, Basle, and Berne, were stopped, and the bags
of Lucerne taken in charge by tLe military post on
the frontier.

The catholic college, Corpus Catholicum, of the
thisone had sent a petition to the Pope, to pray him
to recall the Jesuits from Lucerne. The Atm du Pays
of Geneva says that the Pope was about to convoke
the conclave, to submit to it a proposition for the
abolition of the Society of Jesus.
Since the above was written, we have received the

following copy of the proclam...tion addressed by the
diet to the federal army. Hostilities were to have
commenced on the sth.
TROCLOUTITM.- —Ms DOT TO TH2 Mai ADDY.
Soldiers—The Swine Cookderation, our common country,
ban rated us to mm.. You baste responded to the •2111M002 with a
promptness worthy of men of courage, ready to shed their blood in
the accomplishment of the moot holy of clones the array of the coun-
try. You are DOW going to march against the separated alliance,
called the Fonderbusd. This time again you will confound the 011011-
lotions of theme who have done you the injustice to reckon mi your
defection. The enemies% of the country arc endeavouring to make it
believed that it I. in order to destroy the cantonal envereanty of the
rates of the separate alliance that you are summoned to march; that
it is to destroy their political and religious liberty—to subject them
to the yoke of tyrannical majorities - to overturn the federal insti-
tutions—to coantitute a unitary government on their ruing, and to
am the bases of social order. These are odious calumnies. You
have to make the compact, which is the Wend constitution of
soithertend, respected—to re-eetabliati order, tranquillity and the
*malty of the country—to put down revolt—to preserve Switzerland
from anarchy—and to bring back to obedience to the laws and to the
federal authorities populations led away by those who turn their
credulity toaccount You will have to deliver Switzerland from those
eviLmoided Demons, who for More than half a century have been
fomenting troubles, with a view to put down and faleify the principles
of liberty, of equality before the law, and of justice, which our fore-
fathers establi,bed and set down in tie constitations of the confede-
rated states. That party, Under lying pretexts. has (occluded the
separate alliance, known by the name of the Sunderhund, the real
object of which is to undermine our principles, to keep the people In
ignorance, and to bend the democracy to its yoke, in order to render
it eubeervic at to odious design. This Impious league is • poison
shall Swituriand ought to fling sway from her bosom.
Thus, in order to prnerre the confederation from such a
mum of dissolution, err. 6 of the federal compact declares
expressly that the cantons cannot form union. prejudicial to the
onifederation or to the right of the other Swim states.' But the Son-
derbund is one of the union. prohibited by the compact. A private
political alliance, forming • confederation within a confederation, is
destructive of the common alliance; it is a germ of rk-struction and
death th•t nowt be extirpated, concluded or it is to resist by form of
arms the I,..eisiona of the Diet, which are all founded on the provi-
sions of the compact ; the separate alliance is an net of rebellion by a
factious minority apnea decrees passed by the competent authority.
It a in consequence of that clear and rupees. declaration that the
Diet, on July 20, 1047, pearl a decree mooning that—' 1. Tne semi-
rate allianoe of the seven states ul Lucerne, Uri, ,chwitz, Under.
Walden, Zug, Friburg, and Valais, to &tiered incompatible with
the prorisioes of the federal °impact, and, 001Weeilleady, dis-
solved. 2. These cantors arc reeponeible for the oteervares of the
prevent decree, and the Diet reserves to itself the right to adopt,
if circumstances demand it, ulterior measures to cause it to be re.
epected. to place of t uhmitting to thin decision, the Sonderbund
Protected against It, aldreesed to the people incendiary proclama-
tion, caused ormo and ammunition to be Nought from forelm
cotintries erected fortifications, collected together anti armed troops.
However, before having rOXiairae tWarms the diet attempted all that
was in its power to prevent the effusion of blood. It addressed to the
cantonal authoritit s and to the people of the eeven Rates a procla-
mation, full of kindling and reopeet for the sovereignty and rights,
the liberty and religion, of these cantons. It delegated to them federal
representatives. Nut In vain. Except at Zug, the federal repro-
genially., were not admitted to speak to the government, still has to
the people. It was forbidden to publish the proclamation of the
federal assembly ; the Lucernne goremment even went the
length of menacing with impriomment and criminal pros%
cut.on such eitioens no should di tribute it. Other attempts
at conciliation have produc. d no result The deputies of the
Sonderbund, by making enacoeptable propositions, by, above all,
demanding a general hieing down of arms, have shown clearly enough
that they desired to paralyse the execution of the 13W, to give them-
pelves the appearance of being antioue for peace, and to create a pre-
tent to quit the Diet, crying out injustice and tyranny. Tory have,
in fact, withdrawn from the federal asaembly, mid qui'ted the Vorort, •
on October 20, after handing in a declaration and a inanifeato already
pt inted. Such is the manner in which the tionderband has raised the
mask, and thrown down the gauntlet to the Swiss Conedemtien.
Soldiers, you will know how to take it up! In presence of that de-
claration of war, and after having exhausted all pacific means, the
Diet considered it its duty, in virtueof articles I, 6, and 8 of the federal
compact, to have recourse to arms to enforce obedience, to obtain a
complete retention, and reduce the abettors of rebellion and
disturbance to a state of impuissance to injure Switzerland. The
governments of the Sonderbund have acted contrary to their duty
towards the Swim confederation in breaking with It, and in taking up
arms. Thies, such rinser. of the fermate alliance as shall openly
declare fir the confederation, shall enjoy full protection. Soldiers of
all arms and groin, Switzerland and the world hare their epos fiord
on you. The nation places unlimited confidence in your courage,
devotedness and discipline. To the fanatielem of your adversaries,
you will oppose that wellsomidered ftrinneris that calm energy, that
pelf-possessed valour. the serenity of enthusiasm, which the senti-
ment of a goo I muse and the enlightened conscience of duty Impart. •
You will prove to your contemporaries and to posterity that you hare
not degenerated from your valiant ancestors, and by your oinduct in
battle you will add a fresh w. nth to that crown winch encircles the
brow of our country; and you will inspire foreign powers with a
edutary reflect for Switzerland and her army. You will conquer
those who would read you, arms in hand, or who may have
the boltinees to attack you. But, whilst obeying the ineso-
rabic lawn of war, you will know how to unite magnanimity
to the necessitin of combat; you will never forget that your
opponents ore foe tee moot tart misled men, confederates, and
brothers, whom you hare to eau. to return to their duty. Your flag
is that of the authority of the confederation, of the integrity of • cem-
mon meaty which shelters the c intone and their !sovereignty, of
Swiss nationality, in a word, of liberty, order, and security. It is
to put down toe standard of reparation, that you hare bussed to
range yourselns ander the red and white banner of Selmer:and with
Its federal crow —a banner which is the symbol of faith and of bravery;
It is to extinguish the incendiary torches of differed and to save SlM-
serLind from anarchy, that you have risen en mese ; it is to ensure to
22 cantons a durable peace teat you hare taken up arms. A grateful
country will recompense your services, and will take care of the
widows, children, and parent. of such of you as shall have shed their
blond for it. May the god of armies watch over you, fortify your
hearts, enlighten your minds, strengthen your bodies, an I oupp or Soli
in the fight May God protect Switzerland and Mee our cause
A letter from Bale, of the 3rd, quoted by the Debated,
says:
The minor council of Bide has received peremptory ceden from
General Deem to place its contingent at his dispo,l. Its battery of
artillery is to be immediately marched to Liestlul, and thence towards
Sulcure. The battalion of infantry is to remain for the want sta-
tionary in the city; but from the present moment hi to colander Bull
as attached to the federal army, and wear the red and white braseanle
on their urine. The minor anneal has taken upon itself to contply
with this command, without consulting the grand council of the can-
ton, and orders hare already been given to the battery of artillery to
move. We learn, by letter receired this morning direct from Zurich,
that the battalions of the Grier:me have positively refaced to march to
join the federal service. "hie radiance has been equally p,sstraa,,o
in the protestant and esthetic districte. The government of the Gri-
sone has decided upon sending a new deputatien to Berne with over.
tares of a pacific nature, tending to a separate all ass.
A Lucerne journal announces that the triple land-
mth of Zug has decided, by a majority of 114 to 31,
to adhere faithfully to its allies of the league against
the federal government. As soon as this decision
was known, says another account, Schwytz sent two
companies of troops to occupy the town of Zug.
At this moment, says the i'atrie, the division under
the orders of the President cf the Diet, M. (khsen-
bein, occupies the canton of Neufchatel, which it
appears to have entered without firing a shot. This
occupation has the double object of forcing Neufchatel
to fulfil its federal obligations by furnishing its con-
, tingent against the cantons of the Sonderbund, and to
intercept the communications between Friburg, Lu-
cerne, and the exterior. Bale-Ville is said to have
decided on sending its contingent to the federal army.
The forces of the federal army, consisting of the
contingents of the cantons of Zurich, Berne, Glaris,
Solcure, Bale-Campagne, Schaffhausen, Saint Gall,
Grisons, Argau, Thurgau, Tessin°, Vaud, and Geneva,
are seven companies of sappers, twenty-four batteries
de campagne, seven batteries de position, twenty-one
companies of cavalry, twenty•eight companies of cara-
biniers, and fifty-eight battalions of infantry. The
forces of Bale-Ville and Neufchatel, the neutral can-
tons, arc two batteries of field pie, s, two batteries of
heavy guns, two companies of carabiniers, and three
battalions of infantry. Those of the Sonderbund con-
sisting of the contingents belonging to the cantons of
Uri, Schwytz, Unterwald, Lucerne, Zug, Friburg,and
Valais, are three batteries of field pieces, one battery of
heavy guns, two and a half companies of cavalry,
twelve companies of carabiniers, and fourteen battalions
of infantry. •