The Express.
London, England, 1851-12-13 00:00:00

THE EXPRESS, SATURDAY EVENING, DECEMBER 13, 1851.

NATIONAL ASSOCIATION FOR THE PRO-
TECTION OF BRITISH INDUSTRY AND
CAPITAL.

Yesterday a numerous meeting of the members
and friend, of this association was held at the Loudon-
tavern, fur the purpose of consulting en the present con-
dition of the agricultural and other producing classes of the
country. and especially of the tenant-farmers. he chair
was taken by the Duke of RtenetoNtr. On the platform
we noticed : Earl Stanhope, the Earl of Maimeshury, the
Earl of Gleneull, Lord Berner., Major Berestord. M.P. ;
Captain Vyee, M I'. • Mr. G. F. Young, M.P. ; Mr. Bar-
row, M.l'. ; Mr. Baker, of Writtle ; Lord Reneleeh, the
Hot. E. Terse, Sir Matthew White Itidb c, Bart. ; Sir W.
B. Smyth, Bart.; Culeuel Williarne, General Landwith,
Captain Tamer, dr. C. Banks, Mr. J. Blyth, Mr. Boys,
&c.. &c.
The noble CHAIRMAN said that the national society
for the protection of domestic industry in all its branches,
thought fit to call them together on the present oecesion, not
fee the purpose of sending pt titions to the House of Corn
wens--a House of Commons in which the great body of the
people of thie country had no confidenee, but to ,hew to
the friends of British industry that those great branches of
national wealth were still determined to persevere, and to
enter into a di, laratinu that nothing short of prot. etien to
British industry would satisfy them. (Hear.) As timepresident
of the association, he felt it a great pleasure and a great
honour VI be Calit'd on to preside over it. It was not fleece-
I easy for him, he trusted, to tell any farmer, or ce:enist, or
any individual cugaged in any other branches of native in.
I dustry, that he saw ne grouud for changing the opinions he
had Do fregnently utter el on fermi. occasions. Olean
heer.) He was not one of those 0 Ito could sit quietly down
and see rein impending over the best interests of the
country. (Ileer, her.) Ile believed it would not at tie
present time do the any member of the agricultural body to
go to the present pareement and ask them to revert to the
old system of protection. Ile knew the present Howie of
C 0131111044 well enough to letinw that by doiag so they would
give a triumph to their meeourate, and 'lmp the seal of
their friends. (Hoar, hear.) It appeared to bin that the
tenstitucecice nt this (Feat empire h id a solemn deity to
perform to their sneer urn, to themselves, and to hair re!.
low men. (Hear, hear.) It was on the hustiegs that
they, laying wide all party feeliags and minor censitlere-
thine, would be called ou to decide this greet vita-
tiou. They had the evidenee of the free trail, re, they
bad the results of their predictions, and it would be
their duty as a jury to try and decide the ise.te between free
trade and protection. (titer, beer.) Du it he knew they
would without favour or ulfectien. Let them core not
about ridicule, nod let them deepi,i cajolery. (Hear.) LA
them perfuna the duty which the constitution imposed uu
them by re tunable good nna true men. (II r mr, bear.) Let
there be no mist dee ns to the sentiments of the cesidadetet.
Let them Kay, " Thank Cod we have not got the bellot,
where men dire nut avow the sentiments of their mindo."
(hear, hear.) And if they found conditlatcs who were
backward anal Itikewarin iu their Cause, let them bring
remelted tither men who st mid elm their duty to them. It
was add that a (hinge of sentiment had taken place in the
mind of Lord Derby, their leader. Ito would ask them not
to believe one simper we: lof it. (Cheers.) Ile knew Lord
Derby's high end chivalrous character, and he that
lie was not the men to back out of and disguise hie senti-
ments. (Hear, le sr.) Let then' never deli re that Lord
Derby changed his opiniewt till they heard it from his own
lips, and from thus" lips he believed they never
would hear that such woe the rise. (Cheers.) lie
begged of them to unelrstuel that he adruceted not only
protection for the farmer, but aleo a full and fait mutectiou
foe every branch of native industry.
Mr. hest:, the secretary, thou reed the following decla-
ration :

" We remain firmly convinced that the disastrous condi-
Bun of these great int,reots is mainly attrilnitalle to the un-
just, mi.ehievouo, and cruel policy,which under the speciouo
appellation Of free trade, Las espee.ed British producers of
all classes to a ruinous competitiou in the home market with
the peoiluets of foreign labour. We maintain tne in-
alienable right of the highly taxed and restricted British
producer to just Prot, ction smainst this encouragement of
foreign in preference to British y. Anil, insisting on
this principle, we emphatically protest against its abondon-
ment, ;or its bring compromised by the substitution of
sorely palliative measures. We aflirin that, in the re-eota-
14,h:omit of protection, no cissa of the community is so
deeply interested as British labourers, who have been encou-
raged- to believe that their intercom wont.' be promoted
by low money prices, while it has heeu coincided fro i them
that the ueeemary result of low mouey prices mime ultimately
be a correopondiug reduction in the wages of labour; so
that not only would the industrial classes derive no possible
benefit from such low prices, but, as compared atilt the
monied class and persons of fixed incases, their *oriel posi-
tion would b, absolutely degraded. We further affirm that
the same system has a direct and inevitable tendency to
diminish the demand for Brithh labour, an effect which
is already abundantly proved by the ulorming extent
of the desertion of their country by industrious and
able-bodied labourers, who would never abandon home
and kindred, were they in the state of prosperity predicted
as the certain result of free•trade legislation, and falsely
aserted now to exist. The deplorable condition of Ire-
land, its landowner., occupiers, and labourers, shows
too clearly the nature of this boosted prosperity, and
off wilt startling evidence of the state to which from
the some cause Great Britain is rapidly hest ming. We
declare it as our firm convict ms, that unless parliament
shall, at the cattiest period, restore prut etiou to British
industry, both in this country and in its colonies, the most
disastrous consequences must ensue. Deploring unit &preen-
:in{ these lamentable and too probable results, we earnestly
invoke the most strenuous exertions of all reflecting British
subjects for the restoration of a justly protective policy, by
which alone those results can be Recited. Finally, aware
of the discouraging effects that roust be produced on the
friends of protection by as ambiguous, uncertain, or waver-
ing policy, we deem it our bounden duty to call on British
producers of every class to direct their united and undivided
efforts towards the restoration of just protection to every
British interest, without pertuitting their enertie4 or their
attentiou to be diverted from that one great object by any
projects of partial application. , or of minor import ince,
however by whomsoever introduced or recommended."

.... „..
Mr. BALL, of Cambridge, proposed the first resolution.
He felt great pleasure in see:lig so large a number of dele-
gates from every part of England before him. It was a
good augury of their ultimate success. They must come
forward and declare that they would cease not, rest not,
pause not, till they had obtained the full, entire, and com-
plete recognition of the principle of protection to native in-
dustry. (I kar, hear.) Ile deplored sonic of those speeches
which had been male on recent occasions, because it led
sonic people to imagine that the principle of protection
had been abandoned. (Hear.) He did not believe
that Mr. Disraeli departed front the sentiments lie
always expressed, but his language, however, produced
amongst the friends of protection an ambiguous, uncertain,
and wavering polity. (hoar, hear.) It would show great
ingratitude and unkindness on their part to exhibit any
disrespect towards Mr. Disraeli, who had so eloquently
defended their cause, and whose sword was, as he well and
truly said himself, hacked from hilt to paint in their service.
The noble lord, who had the blood of a Chatham and a
Pitt flowing round his heart (Earl Stanhope) might say,
" No, go on, in spite of all difficulties, till you succeed."
That might do very well for the noble lord, but it would
not do fur the tenant-farmers of England. (Hear, hear.)
The landlords might ride through, and would ride through,
but it would be very different with the farmers. It was
true they were led by men who would not flinch. They
had the noble chairman—(cheers)—and the Earl of Derby
—(cheers)—with them. Men who would not give up their
cause, and if they were true to themselves and were united
together they would be successful. They had men amongst
them who were well qualified to take the reins of govern-
ment. It was not alone the British farmers that suffered
by. this ruinous policy of free trade. The colonies were
ruined, the shipowners were loud in their complaints
—that important body would be with them, the trades
unions of the metropolis would be with them. (Hear,
hear.) They had no reason then to despond. Let
them bo united ; let them no longer talk of desertion
sertion of their leaders, awl they would obtain not merely a
victory but a great triumph. (Cheers.) Ile concluded by
moving the following resolution : That the declaration
now read be approved and adopted as embodying the senti-
ments of this meeting, and that it be referred to the acting
committee of the National Association to circulate the same
throughout the country with a view to obtain the concur-
rence therein of all friends of protection."
Mr. C. WOItSLEY, of East Grinstead, seconded the
resolution. If they believed that the state of the agricul-
tural interest was suffering great depression it became their
duty to consider what they would do at the neat election.
They would have to discriminate between their real and
their nominal friends. (hear, hear.) The present govern-
ment might obtain a doubtful popularity as long as they
could succeed in taking 100,000,0001. a year from the British
farmer and giving it to others. But what would the result
be when the labourers of thn country were thrown out of
employment, and when their wages sunk, as they must do,
to the level of the price of foreign labour, or even lower,
because the taxation of this country was higher than that of
foreign countries ? (Hear, hear.)
Earl STANHOPE came forward and was received amid
loud cheers. He said that they were then assembled under
circumstances of grievous and general distress, and on a
subject of extreme importance, to consult on he present
condition of the agricultural classes, and not for the purpose
of rehearsing arguments an favour of protection which have
never yet been answered. He congratul fed them on the
energy and zeal with which they hail maintained their
rights, in which respect they exhibited a splendid example
to the ether produciug classes of the country, fur they were
not discouraged by the many difficulties they had to en-
counter, nor by the circumstance that they had been be-
trayed and deserted by many, whom they considered to be
their friends. (Hear, hear.) They had:now to consider the
causes which hitherto impeded their SUCCCS9, and the means
by which that success could now be promoted and secured.
The first and greatest discouragement iu their way was the
desertion of their cause by many of the landed proprietors.
With a few honourable exceptions they had remained ,ilcnt
and inactive spectators of the mighty ruin which was over-
whelming all the interests of the country. (Hear, hear.)
If the landlords of this country desired to retain the posi-
tion of influence and power which they heretofore exer-
cised, they must adopt a different course of action. (Hear,
I hear.) Let it not be supposed that the other producing
classes were exempt from blame. They knew that the
West India interest was utterly ruined, mid that its property
was confiscated. Did they hold any public meetings ? If so he
had not heard of them. (Hear, hear.) They knew that
the shipping interest was in a state of as arm depression
and distress as the landed interest. Did they come forward,
as they ought to have doer, when the repeal of the naviga-
tion laws, on which the naval supremacy of England da-
pended, was proposed? (Hear, hear.) With regard to

1 another most important class—the working people of this
country—who had assembled to the number of 80,000, in
Copenhagen-fields, the other day for a political object, of
which lie would say nothing, hu regretted to say that not
even 8,000 could be got together to complain of the
grievances they felt.
A WORAINU MAN—We are ready to do so with the
landed interest to lead.

Earl STANHOPErejoiced to hear it; but he would
judge tho tree by its fruits, and when the fruits appeared
he would acknowledge the fact. (Hear, hear.) But there
was another matter to which he must allude. It would be
well if others had shown the same consistency in the advo-
cacy of protection as the noble duke in the chair, who bad
done hims.lf imperishable honour LT the finn coarse he had
pursued on this question. (Cheers.) The noble duke had op-
posed with hint all free trade measures of *hr U. Peel.
The lierl of Derby, on the contrary, had by an unfortunate
expression declared that he would aut swerve from the policy
of Pe el, some of whose measures supported when a mem-
ber of his cellinet. The lion. metnher for Oxfordshire (Mr.
Henley) declared that they had no facts to go upon. (Hear,
hear.) Why, what facts did they want? (Hear, hear.)
The lon. member far Berkshire said, that if they did not
get back protection, they must only exert themselves to
meet their position. (Hear, hear.) Ile (Earl Stanhope)
saw no other resource fur them than the union workhouse,
ler exile from their native country. (Hear, hear.) They
were told by the noble earl (Earl of Malraeshury) that they
must give up protection if the neat House of Commons did
nut go back to a protection. He (Earl Stanhope) would
not Low to the decision of any House of Commons in which
the working classes, who were mainly interested in this
question, were not represented. (It is a shame.) lie agreed'
in that sentiment; it was a shame. (Hear, hear.) Were
they to bow to the decision of a house which sees elected
by the vilest bribery anti corruption, or to that
of any future house perhaps similarly elected, the
majority of whose members did nit enjoy or de-
serve to enjoy the respect or confidence of the people?
Were they to Low to the decisions of a house, the majority
of which was returned by the power of the 101. houttholdeve
In the towns? Were they to bow to the d -cision of that
degenerate assembly, or of any other degenerate assembly ?
(Hear, hear.) lie caul.' not conclude without adverting to
aaather mischievous declaration made by Mr. Disraeli that
they cuald not ask oc expect the restoration of the full and
effective protectinr. they heretofore enjoyed. (Hear, hear.)
Ile would ask why not? (Hear, hear.) Were their inte-
rests less involved? was their position lest powerfull, or
their cause ices just now than it ever was ? (Hear, hear)
Wouid they be sat:etied if a man offered them es. thl. in
payment of a debt of 100'.' for that was what the honour-
able member for Backs culled on them to de ? (Hew, hear.)
Let them make a last and vigorous protest against this
ninnstroue system et free trade, ageinet this wholesale rob-
Itery and plunder which was devnuriug all classes in succes-
sion ; let teem act wi:lt that en.rgy mid patriotism which
distitieuished Britons, and they must secure an ultimate and
entire triumph for their cause. (Cheers.)
Mr. ALEXANDEIt CAMBELL, a working man, said
ho wouid address them on the question of labour, which
deserved Hide utmost support anli attention. (Hear, hear.)
Labour was the solute! of all the wealth; and it' the pro-
duce of labour deeerved protection, the producer* them-
selves were entitled to the first consideration. (Hear, hear.)
The pulley of cheareaina° everything to the lowest utenev
value tended to enslave body and mini, and produced the
neatest injury in the factories Leith of Eueland and Ire-
land. (Hear, hear.) The labouring classes of this country
ceuld no lower find employment at home, and the conse-
quence was that they were flying across the Atlantic. He
could assure the meeting that there was a strong tendency-
amongst the working men of the towns to make CO:4F1131/
canoe with them, ter they were beginning to find out by the
beet of all teachers—experience—that tho systcia of free
trade was destructive of their interests. (Hear, hear.) A
short time since, a meeting of woreing men met in Glasgow,
where it was stated that the average wages of the men did
nut amount to Is. a week. (Hear, hear.) And this was
the boasted commercial and manneicturing prosperity of
which they had heard so much. (Bear, hear.) If these
thins were allowed to go on, what security could there be
for the peace and tranquillity of the country? (Ilene, hear)
Ile understood that the miners of the north of England did
not Linke on an :iverege more than from Ss. to 10s. a week.
How e add men bring un their families mid give their
children education on such wages? (Hear, hear.) They
had heard taut the towns were against them. If that was
so it was because they were deceived by falsehood and
chicanery. Ilut the dint was being drawn from their eye s,
and the working men would heartily co-operate with the
agricultural holy in obtaining the abolition of the misery-
pro4ucing policy which now prevailed in this country.
(Bear, hear.) -What they wanted w a fair trade before
tree trade. (Chet rs.) Let them get fair trade and free trade
would follow, though not the free trade which existed now,
which was nothing but a system of monopoly. (Hear.)
The reselu-ion was then put, and adopted unanimously.
Mr. J. la I'OWLES moved the next resolution. lle had
been invited, as a merchant of the City of Linden, to pro-
pose the next resolution, which he did with the greatest
pleasure. ile could assure the meeting that no inconsider-
able part of the mercantile body sympathised with the
fernier, of this country. (Hear, hear.) They were told
that it was a degradation to their intellects to expect a re-
turn to ',Willem. Wile should it be so? He regretted
that the gov rnment bail been so far deluded as to give
their eatactieu to extreme and abstract view. of 'whited
economy, fare etful of tee great national and moral interests
which were involved in the question of protection. (Hir)
Ile knew, from 141111.1 111. the Anti-ecru-law League them-
selves, that they did not expect an entire abroeetion of the
earn laws, and that they wnild have been willing to accept
a compromise of a Go. duty on corn. (Hear, hear.) No-
thing seesaw,. destructive of the Weat India caionics than the
system of free trade. (Heir, hear.) When the act fur the
emancipation of the slaves passed, the West India pro-
prietors were prozerted against slave-grown sugar; but the
governineut went ou iu their ruinous policy to take that
proteetiou away, and to brine them into competition
with slave-grown sugar. (Hear, hear.) He had heard that
when the news arrived in Cuba six ships had been sent out
to Africa for slaves, and lie did not know that the town of
Havanna was not illuminated on that occasion. (Hear.)
The resolutien he had to propose was an follows That
all persons engaged in the various branchee of native in-
dustry, whether as aericulturists, colonists, shipowners,
morcliants, tradesmen, artisans, labourers, or otherwise, be
earnestly entreated to combine their efforts for the purpose
of securing the return to parliament, at the next general
election, of representatives pledged to support the prin-
ciple of just protection to all British interests ugaiast unre-
stricted for ien cninpetition."
Mr. If. J. wEstvonELAsn, a member of the Howse
of Assembly at Juiutlica, seconded the resolution. He se-
conded the resolution as a colonist, and to tell tlieut that
their free trade policy but brought the colonies to the verge
of ruin, anti that, if persevered in, must be followed by
total and complete ruin of these colonies, and their ultimate
loss to the British crown. (Hear, hear.) Bail as was the
condition of the British farmer, that of the British colonist
was much worse. (" Impossible.") Within the last three
years the price of sugar had Eaten 81. a ton, and when the
little remaining protection they enjoyed was taken away, no-
thing less than absolute ruin would ensue. As facts
were better than arguments, he would give them a 'few
illustrations of the effect of a free trade policy.
He knew one estate which had cost 10,000/., and upon
which 8,000/. additional had been expended, which was to
be ,old for 4,000/. (Hear, hear.) Another estate which I
cost 20,0004. was offered to himself for 1,100/., which was
not the cost of the still and engine upon it. (Hear, hear.)
He ranted a farm himself, but he candidly told the pro-
prictor that lie would not pay rent for it. (Hear, hear,
and laughter.) If he went to the labouring population
what result did he find ? What was the 20,000,000/.paid
for ? It was with a view of civilising the population. That
civilisation was going on on every side, but since the false
act of 1846 education was given up, and the churches were
deserted. (Hear, heer.) When the colonists were treated
in this way by England, was it to be wondered at that the
people were sighing for some other government whose
motto was "Protection to native industry." (Cheers)
He had always been told that colonies, ships, and commerce
were the bulwarks of England, and if the two former were
languishing, how could commerce possibly flourish ? (Hear,
hear.) lie begged to second the resolution.
Mr. CHAMP, a working man came forward, and added
his testimony to that of Mr. Can:beil, as to the feelings of
the working classes throughout the country in regard to
protection.
The resolution was put, and carried unanimously.
Lord BERNEHS moved the next resolution, viz. :
" That this meeting desires to record its deep. sense of the
peat obligation of the producing and labouring classes of
the country to the acting committee of the National Associ-
ation, and especially to their able and deservedly respected
chairman, George Frederick Young, Esq., M.P., for their
'strenuous and unceasing exertions on behalf of the cause of
just protection to all native interests, and to assure them of
the entire scmpathy and undiminished confidence which
their efforts Lave inspired. And all friends of protection
are hereby earnestly called On to support the association,
and to co-operate with it to the utmost of their ability in
obtaining a reversal of the present system of free importa-
tion, falsely celled free trade, which is fast sapping the
sources of national wealth, and threatens to consummate
cre long the ruin of the country."
The Earl of MALMESBL fIY came forward amidst
loud cheers to second the resolution. He said ho was
proud to say that he was no stranger amongst them—(hear,
hear)—and although the noble earl near him had insinuated
—(Earl Stanhope: What has been charged ?")—that he
was amongst those who might have misled and deserted
them, and who might pos.sibly have deceived them, he
would not condesceud to refute that assertion, because he
stood amongst those three who knew that the con-
trary was the fact. (Heir, hear.) Ile would merely
beg of them, as their most earnest and most devoted, and
he trusted he might add, tried friend, to dispel from their
minds any suspicion which might possible be entertained
or insinuated, that they were deserted or deceived by cer-
tain leaders in the houses of parliament. (Hear, hear.)
Men situated as they were had only that power which the
electors placed in their hands: they were but individuals
swayed by circumstances—swayed by adverse circumstances
like any other men : mud it was for those who had elected
them and chi reed them on heretofore to continue their sup-
port till the last. If a policy from which ho for one never
shrunk could net be carried into effect from a change of cir-
cumstances, to the utmost point which some of them might
desire, they would at all events do their best ; but that best
must be entirely, absolutely, and completely measured Ly
the power which they at the next election would place iu
their hands. (C'seers.)
Mr. G. F. YOUNG, M.P., briefly returned thanks, as he
would, he said, have an opportunity of addressing them at
greater length at the dinner which was to follow the meet-
ing. He would only sty on that occasion that no words of
his could express the sense of gretitude he felt at the large
and generous confidence which had been placed in him.
(Hear, hear.) He advised theta to give their entire coati-

deuce to their leaders, who had honestly and straightfor-
wardly endeavoured to do their duty twcards the tenant
' farmers. (Cheers.) There might be differences of opinion
amongst them in details, gad amongst large bodies such
differences must always exist, but at bottom th, y were all
sound. (Cheers) From this auspicious hour the protec-
tionist party would unite heart and hard. (Cheers.) :They
would discard all little jealousies and apprehension., and
place entire confidence in their leaders. (hear, hear.)
Their leaders would not swerve from their upright course,
but, even if they were inclined to do so, they would not
allow them. (Cheers.)
Mr. Barrow, M P. proposed, and Mr. R. Baker seconded
a vote of thanks to t 112.: noble chairman.

The Duke of RICHMOND, tu retuning thanks, said
that the constituencies of the country were in favour of pro-
tection, for if they were not why vves it the the government
wished to change these constituencies ? (Hear, hear.) Ho
thankad them for the honour they had done him, and would
conclude by calling on them to Mee three cheers for Lord
Derby and the success of their endeavours to regain protec-
tion. (Loud cheers.)
The meeting then separated.

DINNER TO G. F. YOUNG, ESQ., AT THE

LONDON TAVERN.

Yesterday evening. the honourable member for
Scarborough was entertained at the Lona.loa TAVCriI by up-
wards of 090 of the tenant farmers of England. We have
seldom seen so thronged an assemblage even at this well-
knowntemple of prandial celebrations.
The chair was taken by Mr. JOHN Emitter, a tenant
farmer of Sussex. After the nsual routine toasts,
The CHAIRMAN we, in a highly eulogistic speech,
in the course of which he intimated that Mr. Young would
be returaed for Cambridgeshire at the next election, the
health of Mr. G. F. Young, the guest of the evening, which
was responded to by the company with several distinct
rounds of applause.
Mr. YOUNG, in returning thanks, disclaimed any per-
flual claim on the notice of the tenant timers of England.
lie was not so vain as to imagine that they had ma on that
evening merely to honour so humble en individual a.e him-
self, but Was convinced that their object was to uphold a
great principle—(hear, hear)—ho meant the principle of
protection, on which, as he believed, depended the
prosjeri.y, the honour, and integrity of this great com-
mercial empire. (Loud cheers.) He knew that they had
dicalties to surnaount, but psis deep convietion was, that there
great cause was rapidly progres.ing. (Herr, hear.) He
should, with the permission of the company, endeavour to
elm,' how all the free trade predictions hod been falsiaied.
Sir Robert Peel had first told them they should bare sire,.
the quarter for their wheat —(three groans for Peel)—and
in 1819 it came down to 445. Ito load early stated his he-
lief that even 41s. was not an exceptional prier, but that
corn would fall lower. They had now tome to lt-il, and
who was I.:Wet ? Corn was now at an average of 10s.
(Hear, hear.) At length minister; themselves got alarmed,
or else: why mention the farmers in the Queen's speech ?
(Hear, lacer.) What was the price now ? ills. (Hear,
hear.) His -belief was that, with he.a trade, corn
would gradually sink down to 303., and he was
by no means cure that it would not sink even below that
amount. (Hew.) Ha belief was that the foreigner could
supply our waste, and that there were many regions in
which corn could be produced without almest any refecenee
to price at all. (Hear.) Mr. Young proceeded to complain
of the allegation in tree trade organ, that the people were
never in so good a condition as at present. Even the fair-
men it was aal allege , were reconciled to r. cent events and
prepared to "rough it," like the rest of their neighbours.
Were they ? (No, no.) Fird it was inserted that rents
were well paid. True, but were they paid out of profits?
(No, no.) Ili, belief was that the Entieli firmer could not
cultivate hie lanai profitably under coy reduction of rent.
(Hear.) M'Calloch said that corn was not high because
rents were paid, but rent was paid became cons was high,
thus excluding rent as an element of price end making it
merely a coneequence. Landlords should look to this, as
rent could only exist permanently with good prices.
llear, hoar.) Nor was it merely a landlord's question;
tenants, labourers, and farmers were equally interested,
prico then was ie firet thing to be ounitlered. But
at was said, what Was a living price ? Ile returned the
taant, and inked what price they meant to reduce to.
(Ilea: hear.) Ile would not fix a peke, but this he would
say, that without a considerable alteration inevitable desti-
tution awaits.! the British fanner. (Hear, hear.) It was
ureed that high prices hail brought much bed landinto
cultivation, that was true to soi:l2 extent, hut was not any-
thing a blessing which converted the howling redden's:es
into smiling gar.lait ? (Cheers.) They had millions of
acres uncultivated, mid there was abundance of capital ir.
Lomberd-strcet. The only thing left to ask for was labour,
and serely they could not complain of the want of labour
when they were annually heading 309,00 J of their country-
men to furelen lands. If they were prosperous at home
they would net wander, for they might depend upset it that
nn man was fonder of his native land than the British
labourer. lie was naturally a protectionist beeeueo he re-
quired protection for his own labour. (Hear, hear.)
Well, then, was the colonial interest prosper'
ous ? (Na, no.) lie would tint dilate on the state of
our sugar colonies, which had been so well exemplified in
the morning ; but h ad our other colonies' nothing to com-
plain of ? Was the Cape contented ? (No.) Wax Canada,
New Brunswick, or Australia?? (Cries of " No, no.") Tae
next point to which Mr. Young endeavoured to draw the
utteution of bid hearers was the repeal of the navigation
laws; but the farmers evidently know nothing about the
matter, and cared as little, se they kept un a lively conver-
sational accompaniment to hie own statistics. Air e under-
stood the general result of his heaves to lee that the foreign
shipping had grown upon the British at Me rate of GO per
cent. in a year and ten months. lie believed that maritime
commerce wae passing lust from Great Britain, und that
before the end of four years it would be mainly in the
hands of the Americane. (Hear, hear.) Well, then,
agriculture was distressed to the last degree. Commerce was
embarrassed, the labourer was flying from your »lune" anal
where, then, were the blessings of fret teethe? (Hear,
hear.) One monster fallacy that had been put forward by
their opponents, anal endorsed by Sir Robert Peel, was,
that foal would be cheaper and in greater abunilauce fur
the people. In 1849 Sir Robert l'eel exclaimed in triumph,
We have haal 9 millions of quarters of corn imported, and
since ail the English corn has 1.5.1.11 casemate 3, the surplus
must all have "Well eaten by the people." The fret was, as
he (Mr. Young) believed, that the importation merely, sup-
plied the place of the wheat land which, on the passing of
free trade, la :ad been applied to other purpoets. Let them
look at the case of poor unhappy Ireland. Formerly we
drew between three and four million quarters annually
from that country, and now she imported to the extent of
two million quarters. Mr. Young, in conclusion, recom-
mended unity of purpose, determination, and conciliatory
conduct, and promised an early and prosperous solution to
the question of protection. As for himself, ho was pledged
to their cause—if he should turn out a recreant, they might
slay him ; if ho should fall, he hoped they would avenge
him. (Cheers.)
Mr. BOVILL gave "The Duke of Richmond and the
protectionist peers."
The Duke of RICHMOND, in returning thanks, said
that be had with pleasure accepted an invitation to a dinner
given in honour of George Frederick Young. (Cheers.)
Ile believed that the agricultural interest was on the brink
of ruin, and that nothing could restore it but u return to a
moderate system of protection. Ile conjured the tenant
farmers to support Mr. Young and his friends, and not to
relax their efforts 'until they obtained a remedy tsar their
grievances. (Hear, hear.) The noble duke concluded by
giving the health of the chairman.
Mr. ELLMAN returned thanks.

The other toaaU were, " The Protectionist Members of
the House of Commons," " Ships, Colonies, and Commerce,"
and s" The tistional Association." The party broke up
after these toast., hut it had been previously much thinned
by the number of farmers having to catch the various mail
trains.

In the lower room, while the more distin7ukhed com-
pany were occupied in the lark banquet li,dl up stairs,
about 150 tenant farmers assembled under the presidency
of Mr. Paul Fuakctt, there not being space to accommodate

the whole body in the upper and larger chamber. Amongst
the guests at the principal table in this room were Messer,.
i Cayley Warsley, Westmoreland, Stone (of Oxfordshire ,
Day, Cressingham, Packman, Cheetham (of Hunpshire ,
Lamb (of Sussex), the Rev. Charles Day, and the Roy. I .
C. Packman. The cloth having been rernovA, and the
usual toasts given and acknowledged,
The CHAIRMAN next gave the toast of the evening,
the health of Mr. George Frederick Young, who, though a
whig, was a staunch protectionist. (Hear, hear.) They
had heard of treachery in the camp—and who
might now be considered the leader of the opposi-
tion of the House of Commons he did not know ;
but this he knew, that the agricultural body
would always look on Mr. Young as their leader in that
assembly, and with that gentleman in the one house and
the Earl of Derby in the other, he had no doubt they would
be yet able to fight the battle of protection with success.
(Hear, hear.)
The lion. E. LAWLESS, as an occupier of land
in Clare, contended that in Ireland, under free trade,
the rent absorbed the whole produce of the land.
—......,....... . ..

Mr. CHEETHAM, of Solith Hants, save the health of
the Duko of Richmond, the Earl of Derby, the Earl of
Malmesbury, Lord Berner!, and the proti.sitionist peers,
to which, at a later period of the evening, Lord BEUNEAS
replied.
Mr. CHOULER proposed tha protectionist members of
the House of Commons.

whosaid he had received a requisition,
and hoped he should be able to advocate their interests as the
representative for the county of Oxford, gave " the Church,"
coupled with the healthy of tho rev. gentlemen who were
present at the present meeting.
Tho Rev. C. DAY returned thanks, and expressed
his regret that the heads of the church and the clergy,
as a body, did not support the reuse of the agriculturists,
which was not only that of the farmer and the landlord, but
that of the labourer also.

Mr. WESTMORELAND, a member of the assembly of
Jamaica, gave " Ships, colonies, and commerce," and-de-
tailed the grievances of the colonies as resulting, as he
said, from free trade.

IbeKealibOftChairman of the supplemental meeting
was next given, which Mr. F,MISETT duly acknowledged,
availing himself of the opportunity to attack the late Sir
R. Peel, who ho had suspected ever since he betrayed the
protestant cause, and mere so when he saw that statesman's
Canadian Corn Bill of 1812, when ho (Mr. F. was only
17 years old. Ho entered largely into ancient history,
quoting the example of Tyre, Carthage, Rom.•, and other
countries as showing that when a country Iseg in to depend
on foreign supplies for the food of the peaplo their decline
commenced. What would be the result, lie asked, if we
were to be engaged in another European war, and he bc-

hoed we were on the eve of such a war. Why, the result
would be a famine in the land—(hear, hcar)—and a rise
in the price of corn from 365. to 13(is. lie then quoted from
the reports of Fnme of the charitable and religious societies
in the ruat districts to prove that their receipts had fallen
oil in consequence of the distress of the agriculturists as
arising from free trade. Ile asserted also that not only (lid
free trade produce poverty but disease :voting the small
fArmerA, and to that cause he attributed nil the unhappiness
that existed either its town or country in the British
empire.
The Rey. C. DAY, in a very long speech condem-
natory of free trade, proposed "Full justice to the tersant
fanners."

Mr. G. F. YOUNG having just entered the room oft^ran
afTordionate welcome from Mr. Fosk tt, who told him that
he and those assembled in that room " loved " him as tho
dcfsnder of their cause, repeated in effect the ad tress he
had delivered to the company upstairs.
The " Natim d A:sociatiou " and the other toast, of tho
upper roust were rept uteri, and the company separated at a
late hour.

THE RESOLUTIONS ON REFORM AT/OPTED

BY THE MANCILESTER CONFERENCE.
A public meettn; was had in the school room of
the Working :dell's Ilan, Iturw Edge.street, Oninam, on
Ncednesday evening, to receive the report of the delegates
to the Tate reione confelenee at Manchester, ao I to return-
mold the scheme of reform adopted by the pubic meeting
in the Fr, e is rode Mall, on the 3rd inst.

At about eight o'clock, on the motion of Mr. CROWTHER"
Mr. H. W. num sr.ui called upon to take the chair. Ha
war received with loud cheers, Anti after making some judi-
cious remark, respecting the prose: eta of a speedy rctbrna
in parliament, and the certainty of the success of the NIAn.-
ch rater •cheme. if heartily anti atumbuously supp:ated by
the great bulk of the middle and working cl.i.x•a of this
cottatry, he called upon I'eter Seville, Esq., to read the
report of the deputation appointed to represent the borough
of tlitlason at the late Manchester contert tee.

Mr. SEVILLE was very warmly received by tire mzeting,
anti, in a lucid and practimil sgeeeh, u.ive a very iatisfactory
rvi,ort of the proceeding., at M ineliewter. no recaiumended
in detail, the various principle 4 contained in t.w ,riei of
resolutiong moved by John Bright, Esq., M.l' , in the Free-
trade Ball, and atter a ap.ech of great power, which occu-
pied nearly an hour in delivery, he sat down aluitlat land
cheers.

Mr. W. TWEEDALFI moved the following resolution:
"That in the opinion o: this meetiog the seneiti • of parlis-
, meistary totem, adopted uy the 3latiehester coulee nc.•, is •
wise and prJetieablo meas=ure, und deserves the eO-..peration
and hiarty safioori of the middle• and working Cl 4 Of this
country. This meeting, therelore, pledges i.self to use
ever,. cobstilutiomil cue 1111 in Its power to eau,• the sant.: to
become the lux of the laud." Mr. Tw: 1141,:3 rent rks
were brief, practical, and clolueat, and were repeati fly
,cheered.

Mr. J. CAROM'S, in a lengthy and very argumentative
speech. seconded the resolution, which, utter a nuinher of
questions had been asked by Mr. Cheethain and :mother
reran in the holy of the meeting, and satistaamily an-
swered, was tarri•-a unaMmousiy amidst laud
Mr. J. L. QUARMIIV, of Mumps, ntovcd thy next
That the following petition ha adopt:A by this
mewing, sinned as numerously as pmsnle i.y the in!mbi-
tants of Oltdonit and pr.:scoffed to the lloa i Commons
by our wspeeteee member, W. J. Fox, Esq.:—••
To the Honourable the Cruantuns of din .t Britain and
Ireland, in parliament assembled. The petLioa of the un-
dersign,: I, burgesses and other inhabit 11114 Of use borough
of Oldham, iii the county palatine of Lane is tr, in koildto
meeting assaubltsl, this tenth day of December, 1.01,
Respectfully showe 6,—That iu the 0.;., of your
petitioners no people eau ha. truly happy it out %Am):
pktely free. That no p. a:ole can be completeiy fr., when,
the great bulk of the adult males urn dein ived by low of a
vole s in coasting the tutu who make tha laws of the
country by waieh they aro governed. Thal the snort:ago
now hi we in this country is, in many places, i r:sitive . rtls
became it is not fortotaefed by the ballot. Thai 4, ait e the
rem...waive panci;de its tot efficacy, it mu not eniy be
protected by Mu ballot, but pardantaits must ne of a touch
short,: ouratiun, the representation be moor, f del di tri-
bated amuilitat the 14 no property 40.41,h-then lo ins
required ter members of path:L:ll.lkt, and awe of theta as
are too pier to wave their country ut their own imli,idusl
cant being remunerated ha their services.

•• in order that taxation ratty be more fairly fsvied ; that
commerce way be evnyletely free front all taxational no-
post ; that the food of the ;comic be In. from gcveatte
(aits, ler to tax the S.ltitellallCC of the petiol.., in the opt-
'dim of your petitioners, in both unwise, witkeo, pond cruel ;
and that the sulneets of these realms way be rtlttiously iroe
also, no man beiug tax- il to maintain I.! u ridigesus Mnaolf
anode r; your petitioners, thrrefore, cam saiy but moat
respectfully pray that a nobrin of the retires, itt dive system
of thii csmatry may be made by your honourable hints-, to
tht f.dtowiug effect :
That the elesi;ve franchise may b :riveit to
every man Great Britain and Ir.Otatt .5 ..oes
Dante appears upon Ilia rate-book of borough
in which lie red!..s, prov:d.di such r, shall
not have ligen less tl. :at six month.-; thin W.)11.0,01,0: of
any rate he may owe no; to disqualify him a, ..1 1 ,;tug,
seeing that, sounar or lab r, the I will cony a , pay;
that the principle of (ho des. fret:holds lei • ,i.h. tto
leasehold and costyliold property alto; that the v.•!. r'it pro-
tected by the ballot; that parliaments be nut o
three years' duration ; th at the property ,Imil :, • .;,,. t for
mein'eg •be nle!islu'el, said a better distribute', oi ao re-
presentation given to the people titan that a mit at pro-
scat so much disgracea this eouatry by the , e iul bri'aTi
and corruption aid t prevail in 'dame all toe 4111 tit bo-
roughs. Tritsring that your hooeuraide lioase still be
pleased to give to time allegatiotiv your mow s, rimos
deration, your petitioners, as in um>, bairn 1, wid ever
pray, ea.., &c."
The stsitinteuts express-of in the petition wa e r.;itatcilly
cheered by the meeting awing its reading. Mr. Quarmby
exhorted the merlin,: to tank all minor dill •reucts, and
warmly and Martily to eo-operate with the g sidemen who
had tarried the riTeal of the core, laws, and who, if hat ked
by a tam nation of the middle and working 1.1.1•4.,,, v.
most cert•tatly tarry a measure width wont.' elevate the
working men of Ei.;!,titil from a state of pain it at slat, ry to
freedom. Mr. Qaariuby concluded by antos,a4 twat the
petition just read be adopted by the meeting.
This was briefly seconded by Mr. J. BAILEY, till pissed,
unanimously, and after n vote of thankt to aat v.,
and a rmsiminendation that every luau prise-at should use
his best cialtavours to gain as many inumbers to the Re-
form Association as possdile, the meeting ttriti in .te !,
pliatied with the lase:toilings, at about hall-past Ia Otauck.

EAST INDIA MILITARY COLLEGE, ADDIS-

COMBE.

Yesterday, a deputation from the East India
house, comisting of the chairman of the compuy, John
Shep:ierd, Esq., Sir James Weir nogg, 13. rt.,
deputy-chairman; Lieutenant-Colonel W. IL Si tea (vice-
president of the Royal Society), General Si J. 1.. w Lush.
ington, G.C.11., &e., proceeded to the company** military
seminary, at Addiscoinbe, for the purpose of receiving the
report of the public examiner, General Sir C Paeley ; and
also a report from the lieutenant.governor (Lieut.-Colonel
Aubott), on the progress of the gentlemen cadets in the
various branches of science, and elistributint the rewards
and other honourable distinctions gained 54.1C.1 the last
term. Amongst the visitors were his Grime rho Archbishop
of Canterbury, Major-General Sir George l'ollock, Genera
de la Mutts, Colonel Hay, and also Peer lbralkeen Khasi
and Sycd Abdallah, two East Indians, who appeared is
their Oriental dresses. Thu examinations were col:doctor'
by Lieutenant-General Sir Charles Paisley, It.R., assisted
by l'rufessor Cooke, and the answers to questions, both
verbal and written, were most satisfactory to a very nu-
merous auditory.
The following gentlemen of the first class were then classi-
fied as follows:—For Engineers: Mears. James P. Rase*
Eneas Perkins, Eliot I'. Brownlow, gelgoonie,
D. Thompson, and William 1). Goodfellow. For the Artil-
lery : lessrs. James 11. M. Martin, Francis F. sheppoe,
Frederick S. Roberts, Horatio I'. Hitching, John Stewart,
Alexander J. Trotter, George Cracklun, Edward I'. Lewin.
William E. Stevenson, Albert Tulleinache, E lward L.
Hawkins, Edwin A. C. Lambert,Charles P. Roberts, Henry
L. Dempster, George Ilagganl, John W. Watkins, toll
David 1). Anderson. For the Infantry Messrs. William
F. Shaw, Henry U. M. Van Ileylbuysen, Charles A.
Denny, Claude M. Ducat, Cohn A. 'tole:aeon, Alfred
Uttersun, Eredk. H. Wilson, Welby W. Madam, Mark B.
Tanner, Charles Sutton, Charles Warren William 0.
Cox, Thos. H. Way, eorge C. Marsh, and Charles O.
Smith.

The following prizes were then awarded :
First class.—Mr. James P. : First prize in mathe-
matics, first in military surveying, prize in ILL:last:ad,
first prize in Latin, and first prize for good conduct (tho
latter prize being a splendid artillery sword).
The Chairman, in presenting the sword. said hc had great
pleasure' in the name of the Court of Director., ;n pre-
senting him with that mark of their esteem fur 1:11 exem-
plary conduct during his stay at Addincatalw, ute:. trusted
that he would continue in the same course, which was tho
sure way to honour and distinction.
It was then declared that ha was the successful competitor
for the Pollock large gold medal.

The Chairman said he had again mach plensure in pre-
senting him with the medal struck by the iuhe'•itants of
Calcutta in honour of tho distinguished aervic, i of his
friend, Sir °corgi: Pollock, which he now presented to him.
It was indeed an enviable prize, and a suitablo rew .rd for
his talent, as it was honourable to the distinguished general
whose name it bore—an officer not leas distinguished fur his
gallantry in the field than for his anxious devotion to main-
tain the honour and the interests of his country. (Loud
cheers.)
Mr. Encas Perkins, second prise in math:lnatics,
prize in geology, and prize in military drawilm; Mr.
Brownlow, seethed prize in fortification, second prise for
good conduct, second prize in Hindustani, and prize in
geology; Mr. William W. Goodfellow, prize in military
drawing; Mr. James N. M. Martin, first prize in fortifi-
cation ; Mr. Albert 'folleinache. prize in French.
Second Class.—Mr. Arthur M. Lang, prise in mathema-
tics, in fortification. Latin, and Hindustan° ; Mr. Henry F.
Hancock, prize in military drawing and in mllita.y utrvey-
ing ; Mr. Edward W. Ilinuphrey, prize in keslnch and third
prise for good conduct; Mr. Douglas G. Manning, prize for
civil drawing.
Third Class.—Mr. John 11. Hunter, fourth prize for good
conduct.
The Chairman then addressed the cadets upon their
prospects and duties. The Archbishop of Canterbury then
added a few observations, and the proceedings terra acted.