The Express.
London, England, 1848-10-04 00:00:00

GERMANY.

MANIFESTOES OF THE EMPEROR OF
AUSTRIA TO THE PEOPLE AND ARMY
OF HUNGARY.

The Wiener Zeitung of the 28th ult. publiahes his
imperial **We two manifestoes to the people and
the army of Hungary. The first one, addressed to
the general inhabitants of that kingdom, eels oat by
stating that the evil doings of designing pares in
Hungary, who are attempting to subvert the rights of
the throne, render it imperative on him to express his
opinions. When, in March last, he approved of the
new institutions voted by the Hungarian diet, he
was under the impression that they would further
tend to uphold the connexion with his other hereditary
states,—a connexion based on a common dynasty. The
excesses—such for example as the persecution in
many places of the Jews—which arose after the new
order of things had been established, were attributed by
him not so much to the excitement consequent on the
changes then lately introdnoed as to culpable intrigues
which the power of the government would put down.
Now, however, that there is renewed excitement, and
that similar exoeesee may be apprehended, he is re-
solved to punish such doings through the legal organs
of the country. With still greater concern had he
observed the attempts of certain persons (some of,
whom he bad called to the councils of the crown) to
relax the connexion between Hungary and the other

hereditary states. That attempt, which, in the fulfil-
ment of his duty as a ruler, he should strennously
oppose, showed itself in the Hungarian Diet by their
entering into direct negotiations, without his sanction,
with foreign powers, and by their making the aid to
be given to the army in Italy dependent on certain
circumstances; by their declaring, in other words, that
they would not assist Austria in the event of a contest
Oh the central Oerman executive—an improbable
cos ' (bus Majesty remarks), which was only
all to the purpose of enabling the Diet to set
forth that right to give only conditional aid. He
would not sanction the rupture of the unity of the
army, nor a financial operation which threatens to in•
update the country with several millions of unfunded
paper money. The contest between Hungary and
the conjoined kingdoms had now reached its culmi-
nating point : the attempted pacification had
not succeeded. He deeply regretted, in par-
ticular, the war in the district of the
Lower Danube. He had expected that the
Hungarian ministry, without violating the territorial
integrity of the kingdom, would have acceded to the
jest demands of the Servians (Croatians). His expec-
tations were not reamed, and it now only remained
for him to put an end to the horrors of a fatal war.
Attempts had been made to carry out projects of law
which had not received his sanction, and to induce his
troops to desert their banners. Whilst resolved to
uphold all the legal rights of the kingdom, he should
support those of his throne by all the means in his
power. He relied on the loyalty of the Hungarian
people, and trusted that they would rather listen to
Mm than to inciters to public disorder.
In the second manifesto—the one addressed to the
army—the Emperor states that some of the Hun-
garian ministers have either supported or not opposed
measures tending to disturb the peace of his Hun-
garian countries; and that is the reason a portion of
the Hungarian army had not displayed all that
loyalty for which their country was remarkable.
Soldiers had been enticed from their regiments into
the so-idled Mobile National Ouard and free corps.
Each of the two belligerent parties was calling upon
the Hungarian army for assistance. He firmly
trusted, however, that all commanding officers would,
in all possible ways, counteract the attempt to seduce
the soldiers, and that they would, moreover, endea-
vour to prevent the collision between parts of one and
the same army.
So far the two documents in question. It may be
now stated that the Archduke btephen has left the
capital for Bruen, and that Count Mailath is appointed
as deputy palatine of Hungary. You have already
learned that Field-Marshal Lemberg is the new com-
mander-in-chief of all the Hungarian and Croatian
troops.
The Allyemeine Oesterreiehische Zeilung announces
the commencement of a counter-revolution in Agram,
numbers of Croatians being opposed to a war with
Hungary, and unwilling to aid a soldier of fortune,
as they term Jellachich. The English and French
ships of war (with the exception of the Terrible
steamer) have left Trieste. The inhabitants appear to
think that their town will be occupied, at no distant
day, by French and English troops:
Our correspondent at Vienna, writing on the 27th,

Safi :
You have heard that the Emperor has made General Lam-
bert eoesmander of Hungary, Croatia, Sclavonis, and the
military boundaries. General Lemberg has been, up to the
present time, commander of Freeburg; in his new capacity
he has under his orders all the forces at present in arms
In the countries under his command, national guards, regu-
lars, and free corps. The war accordingly ceases between
Jellachich and Hungary. The que.tion, however is, will
Jellachich submit to General Lemberg and the imperial
order. Fears are seriously entertained that he will not, and
these are the morejtutillable, as the Bann is acting not so
much as leader of the Croatians, w in the character of an
idealist who's aim it is to suppose western civilisation by
eastern barbarism, end to make the Selwonians rulers of
central Europe. lAmberg has been hitherto known se a
man of good sense, moderate, and a man of honour. Arch-
duke Stephen's resignation has been accepted by the Em-
peror. A courier has left Vienna with strict orders to both
parties in Hungary to suspend all further hostilities.
A letter from Vienna, in the Frankfort Post dimes
Zeitung, says that the budget will only be fixed for
six months, to begin from the Ist of November. The
Minister of Foreign Affairs has declared his readi-
ness to accept the reduction of 7,000,000 of florins
(cony. menz), of which 300,000 were employed in
expenses of embassies, and the rest for secret service.
The posts of Ministers Plenipotentiary are to be
maintained, and in cue of objection on the tiart
of the Diet the ministry will make this a cabinet
question
BADEN.—The fugitive republicans appear to have
rallied to a certain extent, and moreover, to have
been joined by a number of new partisans. The
Freiburg Gazette (an anti-republican journal) an-
nounces that 300 of the fugitives assembled at Gross
Huninguen (on the French territory), and that a
number of republicans from Alum had invaded the
country between Sehlienger and Bule. On the 27th
• small body of insurgents plundered the village of
Lsopoldshohe. Troops have been despatched from
to the scenes of disturbance. Meantime,
it is asserted by the Freiburg paper, that Ran, the
kola of the Wirtemberg republicans, has been
arrested at Offenburg, whilst attempting to escape to
Iltramberg.
The so-called Lake district (the Lake of Constance
one) is beginning to manifest a 'kit of disaffection,
disturbances having broken out in Constance itself.
=were, however, repressed through the energetic
of the burgomaster and • number of the
&is guards ; and particularly through the seizure
aid eselimeatien of 900 guns (destined for the insur-
gents) bbyy the authorities of the adjoining Swiss can-1
ton of Thurgovin. Notwithstanding all the positive
assertions respecting Struve's execution, it is now cer.
tain that up to the 28th at least, the court-martial at
Muhlheim had not yet pronounced the sentence of
death, being doubtful whether such a sentence amid
be rightly declared, he having been captured before
martial law was proclaimed in the district.

FRANKFORT, SEPT. 30.

The riots of the 18th of September have given to
the central power an addithmel dog se of I
which, if properly employed, ma lead to theta
d
consequences for Germany. In the first Pas, the
ministry has gained a sufficiently solid foundatkm.
The combat in the streets of Frankfort has frightened
some, and the victory gained by the troops over the
deters has given great courage to others. The whole
of the party of the right now show a confidence which
aim a fear lest they should not preserve sufficient
manses to profit by the lemon given them by the late
events, and lest they should use them merely for their
party interests and in order to overwhelm from the tri-
bune the members of the left. The " left centre," our
"Tiers parti " as it was called under Louis Philippe
(and which is called the Reunion of the Wintem-
bager Hof) has entered into a coalition with the
ministry. The ministry proposed to that body to
name a commission with which it would discuss
urgent measures, which, when one discussed and
adopted by that commission, would be supported by
the whole of the Wiirtemberger Hof. This proposal
has been adopted, and by this means the ministry
may now count upon the whole of the right and about
70 votes of the left centre, which sill ensure to it a
tolerably large majority.
Whilst the left centre has in this manner approached
the right, the left, properly so called, is dividing
more and more into two distinct part. The extreme
left, which amongst forty members counts men more
or lees compromised by the &tate of the
18th, seems destined to be completely separated from
the other branches of the party. The members of
the Westendhall Club have openly declared against
policy of violence, and the great majority of the club
of the " Deutichen Haase" has pronounced itself in
the same spirit. It is probable, thee, in • short time
these clubs will unite, and remove themselves to a
distance from that of the extreme left, which moms
be of detriment to them. You may see by all tids
that whited the right is being strengthened by the
left centre, the left is being weakened by the
divergence of opinion of the different chili& All this
promises more strength to the ministry. But, never-
theless, Ido not think it will live long. It is not on a
level in ability with the events et the day. It had
been beaten before the emend., and has only been
brought to life again by that event. This mom will
not last long. The men who compose the sakshlay
are almost all nullities, or second-rate mss.
Herr Von Schmerling is certainly a sea of
talent and energy, and the most distinguished of
the whole ; but he wants dignity and tact.
All he says is clear and often striking, but he is un-
able to carry away or subdue those who listen to him.
All the other ministers are very estimable people, but
without any elevation of either heart or mind. Herr
Duckwits, Minister of Commerce, is distinguished in
his speciality, and will certainly make an excellent

under-secretary, but he possesses none of the staff ut
of which ministers are made. Herr von Beck,
his only fine speeches at his disposal, which btu_
unfortunately without warmth, passion, or entr
ya
mod, become invariably ridiculous. Herr Pea**
hes never been able to gain any 'iliump in the
Assembly.
The ministry, however, seems strong, and hit
gained, in juxtaposition with all the powers of rte,
many, a mach better position than it had previous to
the events of the 18th of September. It has the
merit of having conquered the erneute, and tut
merit is the greater, as the Prussian ministry of
General Pfuel has fallen back before the
threat of a disturbance at Berlin. AU peace.
ful and timid people, frightened by the qt.
tem. of our communist. and socialists, collider the
central power to be their saviour. Tills same caul
power assembles troops from all countries, and Gee.
many will become accustomed to we it command
everywhere. This is the more important, u the AI
of German unity is deep rooted in all hearts, and le
the united action of the central
.power is taking we,
cession of the place which public opinion has view
to it. In this manner the unity of Germany will he.
come a fad accompli for military organisation and
command. All we now want is a rational end lib&
cal policy, which, after showing the strength at see
central power in guaranteeing order, will take el*
its protection liberty
.and progress, now sufficiently
• threatened by the military movements of Prussia sad
Austria.. Au energetic and liberal policy at Frank,
• fort, in opposition to a brutal and react:mary one it
Berlin and Vienna—such is the real Gordian knot of
• German unity.