The Express.
London, England, 1851-07-28 00:00:00

UNITED STATES.

The royal mail steamer, Atrica, Captain ltyrie,
which left New York on the 16th instant at noon,
arrived in the Mersey on Saturday evening at half-
past nine, with the usual mails, ninety-six passengers,
and upwards of a million of dollars in specie. By this
arrival, which is one of the quickest voyages ever
' made, we have dates from New York four days later
than those received by the Hermann, which arrived
at Southampton ou Saturday morning. The steam
ship Franklin of the }lavre and New York line,
arnved out at New York on the 14th, and the Asia
from Liverpool, on the 16th, at half-past eight
(o'clock, a.m.

The Tehuantepec Surveying Expedition has re-
turned to New (h•leans. All the es.ential surveys,
at least those which go to show the entire practica-
bility of the railway route, arc now complete. A
few parties have been left on the ground to make
reconuoisances and survey a line for the construction
of a carriage road. The ecatzacoaleos river is re-
ported navigable, for twenty-five miles above its
mouth, for ships drawing eleven feet of water. The
climate is healthy, and the officers and men attached
to the expedition contracted no disease.

'The Piesident of the Tehuantepec Railway Com-
pany, finding that the Mexican government are em-
ploying all their influence against the completion of
the work, has proceeded to Washington with the in-
tention of enlisting the aid of the federal government.
The overflow in the Upper Mississippi and its tri-
butanes still continues, to the great damage of the
inhabitants in the vicinity. Such a flood has never I
been known before since the settlement of the cows- i
try. It is IbOW more than a month since the waters
began to rise, and for hundreds of milts along the
Mississippi, Missouri, and their tributaries, the bot-
tom lands are completely submerged; the growing
crop LAB bees entirely dtetroyetl; many houses have
been washed away; a vast amount of live stock has
perished; and a wide extent of territory, which pro-
raised an abundant yield, has been rendered barren
i led desolate for the season. The levee, or dyke, at
the city of St. Lotus has been entirely overflowed,
cod the warehouses filled with water to the depth of
several feet. During this period business has been
almost entirely suspended, as boats could neither re-
ceive nor discharge their cargoes at the usual lead-
ings. The river is now several mike wide opposite,
tit: Louis. Great fears are entertained that *hen
the waters 'aside, ho tag a lartae madam otwet and
err itopiluld exposed to the t=szer son, the
egcot fa h hightfigiodooo to

The health of Mr. J. fe:.'nimore Cooper has im-
proved, and he is now oat of danger.
Hon. Luke LA, Commilsioner of Indian Affairs,
! was accidentally killed at Fort Leavenworth lately.
Mr. Lea was a native of Tennessee, and in 1839
emigrated to Mississippi, and was appointed by Gen.
Taylor to the office which he held at the time of his
death.
The alleged thud upon the government in rela-
tion to the settlement of Mexican claims Lis not
yet been decided. The investigation is being pro-
scented before the grand jury at Washiniton.
The extra session of the New York Legislature
adjourned on the 11th instant, after passing several
important enactments. The passage of the bill for
the enlargement of the Eric Canal is a measure of
great moment to the industry and commerce of the
state. This bill provides for the complete enlarge-
' went of the Erie Canal within four years, thus secu-
ring the immense business which would else seek
other avenues to the seaboard, and endowing the
state with a large revenue independent of taxes.
Cornelius M'Caullay, Esq., of Philadelphia, is ap-
pointed by the President Consul of the United States
to Belfast. Mr. M'Caullay is a native of Ireland,
and has long been known as a highly respectable
merchant in Philadelphia.
The political canvass for state officers continues
to produce great excitement in Texas. Col. 0. W.
Hockley, one of the veterans of the Texas revolu-
tion, died at Corpus Christi on the Gth ult.
Dates from Utah have been received to Mny 31.
The first ground was broken for the Great Salt Lake
and Mountain Railway on the Ist of May. When
this enterprise is completed, preparations will be
commenced for the erection of the Temple. The
condition of affairs in the new settlement is repre-
seated as highly encouraging.
The following is our correspondent's letter :
NEW YORK, JvLv 16.

By the way of New Orleans we have dates from Vera
Crux to the 28th and from the city of Mexico to the 2lth.
It is said that Arista's popularity is on the decline, and
that a revolution is extremely probable. Indeed, it is
spoken of as likely to occur in a few weeks. He is said to
have abandoned the liberal party, and gone over to the
clergy, who have paid him liberally for his converson. On
the contrary, an attack on the catholic clergy and creed in
Mexico, taken from the government organ, the Monitettr,
would seem to give a very different view of Athta's policy
and vie we.

The following interesting news is taken from the New
Orleans Picayune:

The Chamber of Deputies have adopted the proposition
in regard to the dcrecho ale consume). This Imposes an
additional tax of eight per cent. on all foreign merchandise
imported through the maratime and frontier custom
houses into the interior of the republic. The chamber
rejieted the re-establishment of the ale tliala in the dis-
trict. The alcabala is a tax on the transfer of property.
Senor Pena y Cuevas had introduced four propositions
for the raising of revenue. The first imposes a contri-
bution of four dollars on a thousand on nil the urban
and rural property of the republic, excepting only
churches and benevolent or charitable institutions.
The second re-establishes the capitation tax; the third
provides far collecting the duty of 3 per cent. imposed by
the law of 1821 on the production of gold and silver; and
the fourth imposes a contribution of per cent. on the con-
sumption of tobacco. It is doubtful whether any or all of
these measures can effect anything in the way of relieving
the government from its embarrassments.
There were but 300,000 dols. in the treasury while
500,000 dole. are owing fur May alone, and it will be still
worse during the summer months.
The government seems determined to follow strictly the
lead of Congrewin the Tehuantepec affair. In accordence
' with the late decree annulling the grant to Garay, the
supreme government has addressed the following official
communication to the authorities of Oajaca : "In another
note I communicate to your excellency the decree rendered
to-day by the National Congress annulling the decree of
November 5, 18:6, which prolonged: the privilege con-
ceded to 1). Jose de Garay for the opening of an inter-
oceanic communication across the Isthmus of Tehu-
antepec. Ile Excellency the President, understanding
the imperious duty imposed on him by the constitution,
of amusing the will of the National Legislature to be en-
forced, desires that your excellency publish the said decree
without loss of time; and that, in the prescribed manner,
you prohibit all labour or scientific reconnoissance at Tehu-
antepec or Coma:tin:dens, making the Americans concerned
in the work depart from the republic; or, if they be per-
mitted to remain, giving them to understand that under no
consideration will they be suffered to prosecute their work,
and that they ran only remain subject to the laws of the na-
tion, in the mine manner as any other foreigners."
We learn front a private but a reliable source, that 100
regular troops have been ordered to the Isthmus to enforce
this decree.

-The frad d' I num asserts that foreign diplomacy had no-
thing to do with the action of Congress on the Garay grant.
That holly alone must bear all the responsiiiility. The go-
vernment itself cannot be accused of participation in this
act, which was passed against its inclinations. The only
reproach which can with propriety be urged against the ad-
ministration is, that it did not oppose the proceedings of
Congress energetically, and with all the means in its
power.

The diligence between Vera Crux and the city of Mexico
was recently attlikeil a short distance this side of Puebla,
by a small party of robbers. The stage left Vera Crux on
the 9th ult. with nine passengers in all. Of these, two were
Mexicans unarmed, one n Frenchman indifferently provided
for defence, three were English miners, also poorly armed,
one was a Californian with a trifling revolving pistol, but in
the roach were two English gentlemen, S. T. Clissold and
C. W. W. Fitawilliam, who were armed and equipped as
the law regulating safety on the Mexican roads requires and
directs. In addition to a goodly showing of Colt's revolvers,
file hest weapon we know of fur any service, they had
double-barreled guns, well loaded with buckshot,
and for the latter in particular they found especial need.
Everything went on smoothly during the first day's
journey, and they reached and passed Perote with-
out molestation from the swarms of ladronea who
have long held travellers as their own property. But
while on the route between Acajete and Imosoque, about
two o'clock in the afternoon of the second day, the stage
was suddenly beleagured by a party of brigands, well
masked and better mounted, who riding up ordered the
driver to halt. They next, and with great show of courage,
presented their pistols in a way to bring them to bear upon
the passengers inside, and were about to charge bolt upon
the stage, when Clissold discharged a heavy load of buck-
shot directly into the breast of one of them. The fellow's
head fell listlessly, his bridle reins dropped from his hands,
and he was evidently about to tumble front his saddle, when
one of his companions, seizing him by the collar and steady-
ing him for a moment, turned his horse's head in an
opposite direction. In another moment, a second charge
of buckshot was lodged in the side of the second robber,
while the Californian, who was seated on the box
with the driver, opened an ineffectual fire from his
little revolver. After the second shot from Clissold's gun,
who was seated inside the stage and on the quarter upon
which the brigands made th • onslaught, the entire party
scampered off, and thus was a party of Mexican robbers
completely beaten off with loss by two well-directed dis-
charges from a double-barrel ed gun. Had Fitzwilliam
been on the side of the stage immediately attacked, and
could he have brought lis gun to bear upon them, the
scoundrels would have gone off with greater loss. On ar-
riving at Amosoque, n large village 10 miles this side of
Puebla, and where the stage hones are changed, Clissold
was advised to go to the aleade, awl inform that functionary
of what had happened. lie did so, stating that he believed
be hail killed one rubber, if not two, when he was told it
was a pity he had not slain the entire party. It afterwards
appeared that the first brigand shot lived but a few mo-
ments ; and that the second, after lin4ering four days,
finally expired. They were all described as new hands
upon the road, their laces not being retoguised. The affair
created not a little stir along the road.
We are somewhat interested by the present condition of
the Roman church in this country, so far as it is affected by
a struggle in various places between the clergy and the
laity. In every instance where it is practicable, the bishop
of each diocese takes the deed of the churches in fee to him-
self and his successors. Occasionally, however, the trustees
of the church property refuse to surrender it, and particu-
larly where the devise or endowment is evidently made
with a different intention. A church in Buffalo, with a
valuable progeny given it by a French gentleman of the
WILUC of La Coulteux—a name well known in ',Fiume—has
been deprived of its priest, because the vestry or trustees
would not surrender their trust to the bishop. In New Or-
leans a similar case has recently occurred, with this difference,
that during the controversy the church edifice basheen burned
down. We are hero mush amax.d at the impudence of
Archbishop Ilughe,,, for praising up toleration, the great
virtucof our government, when ill his owe diocese he per-
mits nothing of the kind, and he had just come from Italy,
where there is no toleration at, all.
We learn from Washington, this morning, that Mr. Web-
ster, Sir. Henry Holwer,, end the Nicaraguan minister,
have had many Consultations together in relation to the un-
settled affair of San baps,
The two former gentlemen, with the President, arc un-
llerstood to be cons:nil round to New Turk in the steamer
Golden Gate.
Great indignction lasi:wen expresser' in the Canadian
PM at the, escape of the deserter Walsh, who was de-.
amodlimi as a fugitive, under the Aehbarton treaty. Lord
-overalls With the American courts, that neither
.Ik.slileartord himself gave the construction of the
treaty
which
slaves dot deserters were liable fa anent under the treaty.
and %he same detiiiio44 was spade some few yearn since by
the Ammonia mart et the Ilshames when seven slaves who
Issiltiblunitted murder in Florida were demanded by our
. .
,These facts shook' not be forgotten by these
r
_......ignant gentlemen of the Csaattian pram
~ -Us Weather is attausivaly tram The mortality la this

liMenument.

eity during the hat week has been very larip,
infant population. 320 deaths occurred. Alm el ,
one who is able is going off into Cie cuuotry for Ow
I fresh sir. .

[For markets see last page.]

CANAJ)A.

TORONTO, .f, I.v 14.
Our parliament during the past week has horn
occupied with matters of chiefly local interest, and a nurahrr
of private hills have been advanced a stage.
the principal one has been a bill of Sir Allan Mal. N.tili to in.
, corporate a college, under the name of Trinity College, t,
I under the superintendence of the bishop of the ehurch 4
ga..-land. This is the college that Bishop Strachan
shall run in opposition to what he terms the " godless" pr,.
Tindal university; and it was to obtain aid for this that he
recently visited England.
This pro; osition of Bishop Strachan has caused a good
deal of hate: feeling against the church of England on th,,
part of the pam.ty who are opposed to state endowments of
churches. Nat em the ground that this college is a stab:
endowment, but teat it is an attempt to break down th,
provincial university:. which was rendered non-sectarian le
its character by an act of last cession, which cm lode d all v.-
ligious teaching from w 4hin its walls. The charter will
granted, as the hill has already passed its second re,,
and been committed. Bu., in place of the college b tin
allowed to hold real prormr:y to the value of 10,000!. ts,r
annum us demanded, it will 0.'4 ho allowed j,0001.; an,.' a
chili, of the bill which proviL'ed fur the incorporation 1.
affiliated preparatory grammar a......h001s all over tho countr) •
has been struck out. . . _

On Thursday there was a delun:e in the legislative As-
sembly an a motion of Mr. Moulton relative to the late
resignation of the lion. It. Baldwin of his scat in the
cabinet. Mr. Baldwin retains hie ofiles of attorney-general
until his successor can be appointed, w;liie he dues nut re-
tain his office of minister. This Mr. Moulton contends is
contrary to the British practice, and he further argues that
when the chief of ministry goes out his colleagues should
follow.