The Express.
London, England, 1847-06-30 00:00:00

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LONDON, WEDNESDAY, JUNE 50.
I." the House of Lords, yesterday, the bills dia.
mussed were the Poor Law Administration and the
Baths and Wash-houses Hills ; the former of which
was read a second time, and the latter passed through
committee.
In the House of Commons, there being only sixteen
members present at four o'clock, the house stood
necessarily adjourned till this day, at twelve.

POLITICIANS have grown somewhat like authors
or inventors in the eagerness and haste with which
a new idea is clutched at, or disputed, or stolen ; made
the most of if decidedly one's own, and vilified if
found to be irrecoverably anther's. Sometimes the
most common-place thought is claimed and vaunted
as the most wonderful discovery. Of this kind is
Lord GEORGE BENTINCK'S plan of saving Ireland by
lending money to make its railroads. The idea is a
most obvious one. Of course it suggested itself to
Lord JOlOl RUSSELL at the commencement of the

seesion; but through inadvertence, or unwilling to
awaken prematurely a host of claimants, he med
over the subject altogether of succour to railways
in his programme of the measures he intended for
Ireland.

Lord O. BENTINCK perceived the omission, seized
the idea with greediness, and expanded it into a
scheme, which had for its modest aim and purpose to
take the government of Ireland and tko imperial
finances out of the hands of the cabinet into his own.
By this piece of gratuitous impertinence, the leader of
the country. party did immense damage to the cause of
railways in Ireland, for which much would
have been done inevitably had not the cause been
taken up by such a champion. But the protectionist
chief being defeated in his manifestly party move,
government, though still tied and constrained by the
arguments necessarily brought forward to rebut Lord
GEORGE, came round late to make a loan to a

railroad running through the distressed counties,
and which, but for such aid, would certainly have dis-
continued its worts for a season, till money was
cheaper. The amount was not great, the security
good, the motive urgent; and party alone, with the
wish to shine in a favourable light in the proacenium
et the elections, could have swelled the question into
• serious and debated one.
The otjeetions of Sir WILLIAM MOLESWORTII and
Mr. ROEBUCK do not appear either generous or well-
/minded. They set forth on the dangerous and repeal
aeppoition that England and Ireland are two disjunct
countries, separate in int,enms, in accounts, in hopes

and claims. We deprecate, as fully as Mr. Sam, this
playing into the hands of Young ireland, and arguing
of Ireland just as if it were France or Portugal. It is
a repetition of the illiberal cant which was indulged
in towards Scotland by the English tories of the last
century—a vulgarity which pervades the politicians,
novelists and essayists, of the time, and which at the
present day we look upon with surprise and pity.
Lord Jons RUSSELL, in reply, committed a blun-
der, not unusual to him. He ran the ploughshare et
his sharp intellect too deep, and turned up some of
that crude, philosophic soil, which does not mingle
well with the surface earth of the politicians. The
same error was committed in the Portuguese debate,
in which the Premier and Mr. MACAULAY entered,
unfortunately, into the theory of interventiod.
So did Lord JOHN'S philosophy establish, far
too nobly and too eloquently, England's obligation to
aid Ireland. The theory that government could do
much for a people, beyond the mere preservation of
peace and order, grated upon the prejudices of econo-
mist and political economist. And quite a storm
arose against the philosophy of Lord does RUSSELL.
Mr. CARDWELL came out very warm upon the sub-
ject, and Sir JAMES GRAHAM made a very unfair attack.
He actually censured the government for not refusing
this half million to a solvent railroad, in order to
give it to the reclamation of waste lands and to
emigration. Who was it that killed in its infancy,
with a most unfeeling joke, this very reclamation of
waste land scheme? other than Sir ROBERT
PEEL, Sir JAMES GRAHAM'S colleague, who, with a
laugh, in which the house joined, besought the
government to sink no money in Irish bogs. Then, as
to emigration, which seems likely to be Sir JAMES
GRAHAM'S hobby, es railroad loans prove Lord GEORGE
BENTINCK'S, Mr. DISRAELI seems to have disposed
of that for the present, as summarily as Sir ROBERT
PEEL, in the beginning et the session, disposed of
the question of reclamation.
Although Lord GEORGE BENTINCK rides his rail-
road hobby rather hard and out of season, it would
be unfair not to do justice to his masterly and clear
exposure and refutation of the Lust humbug of the
currency doctors, that railroads have swallowed up our
floating capital, without setting free a still larger
amountof capital, fired by the former wretched system
of transport, and slow-coach communication. But this
subject is worthy of a special notice.

MR. MACGREGOR has reason to be grateful to Mr.
'NomAs DUNCOSIBE. Whatever the object of the
question relative to the Glasgow election put by that
gentleman to LORD Jous RUSSELL on Monday night,
or by whomsoever prompted, the premiers reply
establishes beyond question the entire independence
of Mr. MACGREGOR'S position.
Lord JOHN declined to express any opinion as to
the legality of the permanent secretary of the Baird
of Trade holding a seat in parliament, on the ground
that Mr. MACGREGOR, when he intimated to him hie
intention to stand for Glasgow, intimated at the same
time his purpose of resigning the appointment of were-
tary should he be elected. Mr. MACGREGOR'S pe-
sition, therefore, is this—Conscious of
talents for public baldness, and taking pre=
their exercise, he wishes to remain in the public ser-
vice. He would prefer being a member of the legis-
lature, but if unable to obtain a seat, the post of
usefulness next in his estimation is such an office as
he now fills. And he very wisely determines not to
throw away the one before he has made sure of the
other.
For our own part, believing that there is no law to
prevent a Secretary of the Board of Trade sitting in
parliament, we see nothing inexpedient in it either.
His official pursuits are eminently, calculated to
qualify him for communicating useful information in
debate, and suggesting improvements iu legislation on
commercial and financial subjects. If be can find a
constituency which has confidence in his personal
integrity, and sympathy with his political views and
convictions, why should they not be at liberty to re-
turn him? Ile is quite as trustworthy and likely to
be useful as a party lawyer, and far more so than
many inexperienced sprigs of nobility, who are daily
put forward to increase the number of a party's votes
in parliament The cause of Mr. MACGREGOR is the
cause of every man who would see the balance fairly
held between capacity and connexions.
At the same time we do not mean to question the
premier's right to decide as he has done. An official,
responsible to a large constituency, may both hamper
and be hampered by. a ministerial connexion, and
either party may, without just ground of complaint,
render the advent of such embarrassment impossible,
by at once putting an end to the connexion. The
constituency of Glasgow, however, will remember
that Lord J. ResseLL has admitted that this was his
wish in the case of Mr. MACGREGOR. They are thus
made aware that Mr. MACGREGOR is an entirely
independent candidate, perfectly free to act up to his
avowed principles aad opinions. Can those anony-
mous defamers, who have been attempting to affix
to him the character of a "crouching" placeman,
say as much ? Or are they not rather, by their own
admission, subservient instruments of " the legitimate
-,anagement" of "great party interests?"

SOME years ago, Mr. CHARLES BULLER called the
emigration of the day, a " shovelling out of paupers."
He might call that of the present year "the empty-
ing of a lazar-house." The intelligence that reaches
us both from the United States and the British North
American provinces, of the condition in which the
emigrant ships, and their human cargoes, are arria ing
there, can be compared with nothing but the dead
carts of London in the time of the greet Owe,
which carried out to the charnel-field, in mane fit.
termixture, the quick and the dead together.
From the New York papers, it appears that about
60,000 emigrants landed in that city between the Ist
of January and 31st of May last; that about 700 of
the emigrants, who embarked, died on the mop ;
that of those who landed, about 1,300 were sent to the
hospital, sick ; and that about 100 of these had died.
The latest accounts from Quebec estimate the num-
ber of emigrants arrived, at 30,000; the number of
deaths on shore and at sea, 3,000. The number of
deaths in hospital at Grosse Isle, during the week
ending June 11, was 119 ; the number of deaths on
board the 30 vessels performing quarantine there,
could not be ascertained, bat was known to be greater.
On one day there were 128 funerals. The statistics of
death from the other Atlantic ports of North America
are not so exact; but from Baltimore, Boston, St.
John's, Halifax, Miramichi, there comes one unvary-
ing. story of the immense numbers of emigrants
arriving, of the numerous deaths at sea, of the preva-
lence of fever and death among those who have
landed. We noticed in our yesterday's publication,
the case of the ship Looehtank, frem Dublin,
in which 117 passengers out of 467 died daring the
seven weeks' voyage, and 40 daring the week after
its arrival at Miramichi.
A report had gained ground in some quarters that
the disease was typhus, and there may. have been
some cases. But in the immense majority of in-
stances the " ship fever," as it has been called, ap-
pears to be a peculiar febrile affection, developed
among the crowded inmates of ships, by anxiety and
discomfort acting upon constitutions brought down
by long-continued inanition.
The future of the survivors may be such as to
make them yet envy those who have escaped by so
speedy a termination of their sufferings. Accounts
from Quebec and Montreal state that numbers have
perished on the passage between Quebec and Mon-
treal. The majority of the emigrants are poor—many
may be called destitute. How many may not lay
them down and die by the way-side before reaching
their destination in the interior?
Apart altogether from considerations of humanity,
is there not something in these details to excite a
manse of shame in every Englishman ? Complaints
are not unnaturally made both in the United States
and Britishprovinces that we are heartlessly sending
our laws and destitute to die among them, in order
that nor lack of charity may not be punished by the
pain the spectacle of their suffering is calculated to
excite. It was known months before the emigration
season opened, that the emigration of 1847 would im-
measurably exceed that of any preceding year : were
any additional precautions taken to guard against the
increased risk of sickness and suffering in the circum-
stances of that emigration ? The inspecting-staffl
under the Passengers Act, was proved, last year, by
the experience of the Sarah and Elizabeth, and other
emigrant ships, to be inadequate even for the average'
emigration of the year: has it been increased in propor-
tion to the augmented number of voluntary exiles ?
The emigrant snips to British North America were
relieved a year or two ago from the necessity of
carrying a surgeon : have they been desired to pro-
vide medical assistance in a MOM when it is 41111044