The Express.
London, England, 1853-05-18 00:00:00

THE EXPRESS, WEDNESDAY EVENING, MAY 18, 1853.

FRANCE.

PARIS, TVESDAY EVEYING.
The Duke of Genoa, brother of the King of Sar-
dinia, iy hourly expected here. He will occupy
apartments at the 'Tuileries, which have been pre-
pared for him.
Three arrests have taken plow at Marseilles of
persons suspected of being members of a secret society.
In consequence of yesterday's panic the Bourse
was crowded with speculators to-day. It was the
general opinion that no serious reason for apprehen-
sion existed, and the Three per Cents. opened with
tolerable firmness. But some heavy sales by one of
the principal agens de change produced another panic,
and the rente dropped as low as /30.73. It however
soon recovered, and closed rather strong at 81.35,
being within 10 centimes of the highest price of the
day. Railway shares did not recover from yester-
day's fall, but they closed without any further notable
diminution. Bank of France shares were in de-
mand, owing to a report that the Council resolved
yesterday that the Bank would receive railway shares
as deposits, and undertake for a small commission to
get in the interest and dividends.
The private telegraphic despatch from Marseilles,
to which the panic yesterday is attributed, announces
the arrival of the Scamander, which left Constanti-
nople on the sth. According to this despatch, the
Divan had been informed that Prince Menschikoff was
about to propose an ultimatum, demanding the pro-
tectorate and certain privileges in favour of the Greek
church, and also concessions trenching upon those
obtained by France with regard to the Holy
Places. This news is in contradiction with
former accounts representing that the question of the
Holy Places had been entirely settled with the
assent of M. Laconr. It is worthy of remark that
the Paris while affirming that the news brought by
the Chaptel is quite satisfactory, admits that no defi-
nitive solution has been come to, I believe the truth
to be that concessions will be made by France for
the sake of peace, but that out of regard to the na-
tional
vanity every effort will be made to make it ap-
pear that the 'variations that must necessarily be
made in M. Lavalette's impossible convention are not
concessions.
More political arrests have been made in Paris
within the last few days. M. Jeanne—the staunch
legitimist stationer of the Passage Choiseul, who has
been so frequently prosecuted for selling busts of the
Count de Chambord,fieur-de-lys letter paper, and a
variety of Bourbon emblems, and who has had so
many narrow escapes from the fangs of the law for
his offences in this kind—is among the persons ar-
rested. All his papers were seized some days ago.
The Constituttonnet says:
The deep interest which the Emperor takes in the execu-
tion of the gnat works of public utility has just been main
revealed by the account which his Majesty has caused to
be given to him of the state of the operations Olehie on for
building embankments in the Beale-Seine. We think we
may state that these works, which were for a moment
stopped in consequence of a want of funds, will shortly be
resumed on the important part of the river comprised be-
tween Quillebeuf end La Roque. By order of his Majesty,
the Council of State has had a proposition submitted to it,
tending to the allotment of a sufficient credit, in order that
these works, which are indispensable for the invitation of
the Seine, may be continued and completed.
The Cbnstitutionnet contains the following state
went relative to the Besancon and Mulhouse rail-

Way :
The consultative committee on railways has been, during
the last few days, occupied with the examination of the
question relative to the concession of the railway from Be-
sancon to Mulhouse. It hue heard the grantees of the
great lines, who are interested in the execution of this
prolongatioa, and those who have made fresh ten-
den, who have given the most precise information as to
the value of the line. The solution of this affair may there-
fore be regarded as likely to take place very shortly.
The concession, if it be made, will, it is said, be without a
subvention, and without any guarantee of interest by the
State, and it is thought the government will not be
averse to concede other lines in order to f the com-
bination which tends to units the Mediterranean to the
Rhine. The concession from Besangon to Mulhouse is
eagerly sought for. There are eight companies who have
made applisation, all of whom offer every necessary gua-
rantee, and it is, therefore, probable that a fusion may take
place.
"The last intelligence," says the Patrie, "from
India states the Jeanne d'Arc, frigate, and the
Caiman, steam-corvette were at Aden, at the en-
trance of the Red Sea, at the time when the terrible
tempest burst, as hu been stated, over the Coro-
mandel coast. These vessels rode out the hurricane
in safety."
The health of the Empress is improving. She
took an airing in an open carriage yesterday, as on
Sunday, accompanied by the Emperor.

The following were the principal stipulations of
the treaty :—Peace is re-established throughout the
province of Buenos Avres person to be prose-
cuted or judged, or held responsible in person or
estate, for his political conduct since December 1,
1852: all the absent may return, all prisoners shall
be restored to liberty. The government of Buenos
Ayres acknowledges as part of the public debt the
claims of those who have supplied the provincial
forces during this campaign. The army of the pro-
vince shall be reduced to a peace-footing: all the
militia in arms shell be disbanded, and their arms
placed at the disposal of the government of the pro-
vince. The military chiefs and officers shall preserve
the rank and appointments which they held before
December 1, 1852. The province shall return under
the empire of its ordinary laws, accordingly new
elections shall take place, and the renewed Chamber
shall meet by May Ist, and elect a governor of
the province. Buenos Ayres shall send deputies to
Congress at Santa Fe, to concur in the; work of
framing a constitution for the republic, and in making
laws to that end. The province of Buenos
Ayres shall have right to examine and accept
the constitution to emanate from the Na-
tional Congress, acknowledging an equal right in
each of the other provinces. In so far as the consti-
tution may not be accepted by the province of
Buenos Ayres, it shall be governed by its own insti-
tutions and the public powers which it shall have
established. Buenos Ayres confides for its part to
General Urquiza the power of directing the foreign
affairs of the republic. As soon as this treaty shall
have been ratified on both sides, the ships belonging
to Buenos Ayres, which are now in the possession of
the other contracting party shall be re-
stored, but Buenos Ayres engages to fur-
nish them whenever they may be demanded
for national purposes. The provisional direc-
tor shall guarantee maintenance of the legal
authorities of Buenos Ayres, assisting them with all
his forces.

Such was the treaty concluded in the name
—to use the language of the preamble—of the
Provisional Director of the Provinces, met in Con-
gress at Santa Fe, in the exercise of his delegate
powers, and in the name of the rural population of
Buenos Ayres in arms, on the one part, and on the
other by that of the government of Buenos Ayres.
It was rejected. The persons now in power at Buenos
Ayres snapped at it, because they had all to
gain, and nothing to lose in so doing. They
were to be retained in power, to come into posses-
sion of the arms of the other party, and do pretty
well as they pleased in the all-important matter of
the federal constitution. When the treaty was
finished Ursuiza was at San Nicolas. Colonel
Lagos and his friends immediately sent off delegates
on behalf of the country party and the militia force,
with which he is acting, to represent to the provi-
sional director the disadvantageous position in which
they would be placed should the treaty come into
execution. The besieging forces, it was represented,
had been in the field many months, had endured
great hardships, and would certainly not be in-
clined to finish their work bydelivering up all power
into the hands of those against whom they had
taken arms.

Urquiza was not long in making up his mind,
and on the 19th the following note was sent to
Buenos Ayres:
Viva la Confederation Axgentina!
Of.. of his Excellency the Provisional Director of the
Argentine Confederation.
San Nicolas, March 19, 1&53.
To the Minister of Government of the Provisional
Governor of Buenos Ayres.
I have been ordered by his Excellency the Provisional
Director to acquaint
.your Honour that the treaty adjusted
between the commissioners named by his Excellency to find
a specific solution of the war which afflicts this province,
and the cmauseion named by that government for the same
purpose, was yesterday communicated to the knowledge of
his xceUrsay.

The said treaty presenting serious inconveniences, and
his Excellency, considering himself incompetent to annul
or even to amend the compact of San Nicolas de
las Arroyos, which has become a law of the na-
tion, cannot give his ratification to this treaty ; but he
has powerful reasons for hoping that it would not be diffi-
cult to arrive at a settlement at least of the internal differ-
ences of the province of Buenos Ayres, leaving for a future
opportunity the decision of the conditions on which the
province will concur in the formation of the constitution of
the republic.
The only aspiration of kis Excellency is, that the most
important province of the confederation may be tranquilly
governed by its provincial institutions, and reach a situation
of giving an example of moderation and temperance ; since
by a fatality which all must deplore, the armed Muslims
and threats of war, that constituted the policy of the pre-
vious administration, shook the whole republic, and have
delayed the moment of the nation's commuting itself.
His ltxcellency deplores the Argentine blood that is being
shed, the ruin and the demoralisation that war brings along
with It; and with a view to remove the obstacles to peace
that may occur, has determined to approach the city of
Buenos Ayres, and to appoint a new commission, that imp
explain the reasons be has for withholding his ratification
if the treaty of the 9th inst., and to propose the means ett
arriving at a settlement of the provincial question.
His Excellency trusts that his Excellency the Provisiceal
Governor will maintain in the meantime the ampoules ef
hostility on the part of the city, and that on his own Merin
matribute to secure fur the province the peace of which it
stands in so much need, and to which all aspire.
Be pleased, honourable sir, to place this communication
la the hands of his Excellency, and accept the assurances of
my high consideration. ANGEL ELIAS.
The arrival of this note created the greatest conster-
nation among the members of the government. Its
first act was to name General Paz Minister of Par;
its second, to order the emission of four millions of paper
money. On the 23rd of March it addressed a note
to Uritniza, full of reproaches and recriminations.
Refemng to the ground on which he rejected the
treaty, it said :
Buenos Ayres always rejected the compact of San Nicola,
and is entitled likewise to remind your Excellency that
though (your Excellency considers it the most important
province of the Republic, it Is the one which has had
least part, in the formation of said law; because the go-
vernor who undertook to represent it in said compact, nei-
ther took with him the authorisation of the legislature, nor
complied with what your Excellency so justly charged all
the governors, to solicit competent instructions from the
legislatures. The government of Buenos Ayres addresses
these observations to your Excellency with the greater con-
fidence, in that it observes in the note of your Excellency
to which it now replies, that the only aspiration which your
Excellency professes to have is that the province of Buenos
Ayres, the most important of the Republic, may be go-
verned by its own provincial institutions.
Further on it said :

Nevertheless, the government, wishing to add another
proof, if more can possibly be exacted from the govern-
ment of Buenos Ayres, to leave accredited its desires and
anxiety for the peace of the province and for the organisa-
tion of the nation, has ordered me to reply to your Excel-
lency, as I have the honour of doing, that it will cheerfully
receive the new commission of your Excellency and hear its
propositions, maintaining meanwhile the suspension of
hostilities, as your Excellency desires, provided your Ex-
cellency, on your part, es this government is entitled to
exact, maintain the stain quo of the armistice ; suspending
your march, should your Excellency not have commenced
it, or returning to San Nicolas, where your Excellency was
with your forces during the negotiation, should your Ex-
' cellency already have started with them.

The authors of this note strangely miscalculate
their position. Without money, forces, prestige, or
any of the essentials of government, and with their
own province in arms against them outside the city,
theyprolong a contest which they themselves provoked.
Having seized the government during the absence
of Urquiza on federal business, they had the option
of being left to their own devices till they basely and
insidiously sent an armed force to invade Entre Rios
and Corrientes, and now they think it hard to be re-
quired to enter into the confederation like all the
other provinces, and with equal rights. But I would
rather leave these facts to the judgment of Europe.
The political position of the besiegers will be seen
from the following general order, published on the
arrival of Urquiza in their camp :

Viva la C oifederacion Argentina !
San Jose de Flores, Much 25, 1553.
Chnizeet ORDER.

-----
The re-establishment of a general peace throughout all
the territory of the republic has rendered necessary the
presence of his Excellency the Provisional Director of the
Argentine Confederation in the camp of the federal army.
lie comes to continue the honourable mission of union,
peace, and constitution, which the communities confided
to him by the compact of the alit of Hay, ISs2—a task his
Excellency accepted with honour, and would already Lave
accomplished, if unfortunate obstacles and paltry party in-
terests had not intervened to interrupt his labours.
We have therefore the first magistrate of the republic
amongst us—the first national authority that has heartily
and sincerely undertaken honourably to fix the destinies of
the country in the shade of justice and law.
We were the first in the province of Buenos Ayres to
lend our recognition to his authority, because witnout it
the Confederation would have returned to chaos and

anarchy.
If, on taking this step, we did so from a consciousness of
propriety and duty, having now at our head, . as the de-
fenders of the liberty of our country, and of the national
law—which a factious minority aspires to overthrow—the
Oenerel-in•Chief of the Armies of the Argentine Confede-
ration, his Excellency Brigadier Don Justo J. de trquiza, we
are bound to yield him obedience and respect, in order to

attain the double object of peace and national organieatiou.
which we aimed at in said glorious step.
The chiefs of divisions of the Federal Army will cause the
present order to be read in the corps under their command
for its due observance. HlLaino LAGUS,
Commander-in-Chief of the Federal Army.
Such is our position at present. How and by what
means it will end is difficult to divine. The Packet,
which supports this government, confesses—" We I
are in the situation of * man entering into a long
passage, with a glimmering light placed behind him ;1
the farther he advances the darker it becomes." 011
coarse commerce is at a stand stilL Provisions are
very dear, with the paper money falling in value.
The upper riverine provinces are in a prosperous
condition. Perfect tranquillity reigns in Entre Rios;
and, thanks to free navigation, commerce flows into
all the ports of the Uruguay and Parana. Corrientes
was slightly disturbed on the 28th of February,
Jose Veron at the head of 700 men attempting to
seize the government, in the absence of the com-
mander-in-chief. The government issued a long
proclamation against him, which was quite unneces-
sary, as General Caseres sent the traitor a polite
note asking an interview, which was granted, and
by the 2nd of March all was over without bloodshed.
In these two days six thousand soldiers were as-
sembled ready to put down this attempt had it been
necessary.