The Express.
London, England, 1849-03-23 00:00:00

be added, barely sums= her. The trade with
Teekey wee not only large, but steadily and
rapidly increasing. In a speech made by him (Lord D.
Stuart) in the year 1838, he showed that the declared vales
of war exports to Turkey was, I. the year 1827, 600,0001 ;
in 1634, 1,200,0081 —l. e., the exports to Turkey had in-
creased by 700,0001. Since the last mentioned period they
had further increased by 1,200,0001—i. from 1834 to 1846
they have doubled ; while from 1827 to 1846 in 20 yam,
they have increased five fold. Now, compare the progresses(
the trade of Turkey with that of Ramie. In 20 years,
while our annual exports to Turkey have increased by two
millions, our exports to Russia have increased only by half •
million. Twenty years ago the declared value of our exports
to Turkey was less than half that of our exports to Russia,
sow our exports to Turkey eland those to Russia by more
than one-third. But this is but as imperfect picture of the
relative values of the trades, We must inquire of what the
exports cons's% a large pextion of those going to Russia,
nearly one-half, is composed of the half manufactured artiste
of cotton twist' for the purpose of being worked up into
wools afterwards brought into competition with our own
The value of cotton manufactured goods exported to Resin
is perfectly iceignificant it does not amount to 60,0001. The
trade to Tetley presents an aspect precisely the revenie. The
value of cotton twist exported Is small, and almost the
whole of our exports to that country coned of cotton
mannlectured_gcod.. It is well known how much more va-
luable the trade in Dittos pods Is than that in cotton twist.
This has bern well expressed is a pamphlet which has lately
been published:
%excess the greater the Meant diabase and capital winked to
prams say mannfretimed artiste, the neater Is Its valiiamtligrepor-
Couto lies value of raw asenerial of whisk to is . Out
of the peke of plasma peineed sadism male be geld, merely the
expense of the labour set the intent* of thesapited employed in pro
duds( the Ism lint elm the labour of weaving and relating, and the
intent etas eaptW snepieled is these preemies; and according to
the big estimates whisk lem been formed cm this subject, whilst the
Take denim twig is sheet doable the value of the raw =aerial
eldellehesibesseessind spin making It, the average value of the
plain and printed mike* of which our exports consist, is about five
times greater than that of the raw material. Deducting, then, on
this moonlit one-hall iron our exports of cotton twist, and one fifth
from mar experts of plain and printed calicoes, we shall find a re-
sides of 1,421,8451, which must have been received, in the shape
of profits and waxes, by our capitalism and workmen ergsged
directly or indirectly in the cotton manufacture, as account of our
exports to Turkey in the year 1847; and the rum of 413,1771. only as
the amend which they received in profits and wages, during the came
year, from our exports to Kumla. As far as the cotton manufacture
is concerned the Turkish trade I, thereeire more valuable to Eel/tend
than the Huainan, nearly in the proportion of five to two, end as this
remarkable difference arisen from the liberality of the Turkish tariff,
which is uniformly low foe all manufactured goods (from throe to five
per cent on the actual value), whilst the numbers tariff is almost as
uniformly prohibitive, it is prsbable that as examination of the rela-
tive value of the Turkish and ituedan trade" with reference to other
products would 'bow a result no less hiveZabre to the former, than
that to which we have arrived ea respects the most important branch
colour manufacturing industry.
It might be said that a great portion of this trade con-
sisted of goods in teansitto. But how long would it
exist if &veil; bad pessession of the Dardanelles ? for
it must be borne in recollection that Russia placed a
high duty on all manufactured articles from this coun-
try. Oa the mere ground of self-interest, therefore if on no
higher, this country bad a deep interest in the integrity and
independence of Turkey. He believed that all that was re-
quired isy Turkey was the moral support of England, and
that moral 'deport he hoped she would get What he feared
was not the open hostility, but the ileidions desire's of Russia.
He could not help thinking that if the noble lard had acted
with more energy in protesting against the entrance of the
Raglans into the principalities, the
proceedings of the Rue-
lila general who took that step would hors been disavowed
and the troops would have been recalled. If the parrs
which he now asked for were laid cn the table of the house,
they would show whether h t was wrong in attributing to the
noble lord, which he did wilt great regret, a want of deter-
=bastion in not energetically protesting aeainst the entrance
of the Russian troops last year into these principalities.
Col. P. THOMPSON seconded the motion. Those
gentlemen wno were in the habit of looking abroad on the
surrounding political horizon must entertain some suspicion
that the position of England, like all sublunary things, was
far from stationary. Amongst the memoranda which be,
is common with others, bed of the opinioos of the right hon.
baronet (Sir R. Peel), was this, that the supremacy of Eng.
land ought not to be calculated upon as what could not by
the chances of common human mutability be attired. On
the other side of the Atlantic a vast republic was growing up,
which was net animated with the most friendly feelings
towards this country, a proof of which was that the writer of
a not unpopular American guide-book declared, on looking at
the Horse Guards, that he coon not help thinking but that
in a short time 50,1000 Americans might be drawn upbehind it;
and sieving Windsor Castle he raid, that the peeled might
not be far distant when the flaunting bunting there might be
surmounted by the American stripes and stars. (Ltuohter.)
The ground it seemed might be slipping from under them
The power of Venire, Genoa, Holland, had passed away, the
hour cf England might he coming. (Hear, hear.) It they
were to hold their ground, it must not be on the old founds-
lions. He saw no chacce they had of carrying down to
their pesterity anything like the cimearetive or rebid, •
power which England enjoyed in past age:, oche' they
could contrive to make friends somewhere and r f somebody,
net. as they could put themselves in readiness for what every-
body knew was coming on—a content between civilisauon
and political liberty on the ore hand and barbarism and
despotism on the other. (Hear, hear.) Therefore it was
that he was anxious not to omit any opportunity of bolding
forth before the eyes of the frOVCIIIIIIe.I,, who could not he
blind enough not to see it without his assistance, that there
was in this country a strong reason for assuming the paitiun
which their ancestors assumed before—the position taken by
Elizabeth and Cromwell, the woman and the man to whom
their greatness was owing. (Cheers.) Let it not be sup.
posed that be was an advocate for war ; he bated war. But
they might incur danger by being tm much afr Ad of the
coovquences. (Hear.) Therefore would he urge strongly
and vehemently the ueep inter, at which this coontry had
io everything, however small, which showed that she was
largely concerned in the progress of civilization and freedom
in other countries. (Hear.) He viewed this as ore occasion
on which he trusted the government would lay before them
some evidence that it had retained this interest in the present
ease, and therefore he undertook humbly to second the mo-
tion of the noble lord
Viscount PALMERSTON said : —Sir, I think I best per-
form my duty by rising immediately after it has been cc-
clod d, to state the view which I take of the motion of my
noble friend. Sir, I fully retain the opinion which my noble
friend his quoted from a former speech of mine, that it is
desirable for the interests of this country, as well as credit-
able to ourselves, that the House of Commoes should take a
lively interest in the for. ign relations of this country ; and I
own that, both in and out of office, it he. 'leap been to me
a source of regret to find that those relations excited, compa-
rativeli speaking, so little interest within these walls. (Hear,
hear.) Although it is, no doubt, inconvenient to the parson
who fills the situation which I have now the honour to hold,
to be celled upon frequently to discuss matters
of this kind in this house, yet any man thus
situate I, who feels that he honeetly and to the
beat of hie ability, discharges his duty, must look with
confidence to the support, at least, of the majority of the
house; and if, braidi a feeling that he is cosac'entiously per-
forming his duty, he finds himself support al by the House of
Commons, I need nut say how greatly that must strengthen
t e hand. of the govanmeet in d aling with foreign affairs.
(Hear, hear.) Nevertheless, Ido not feel it to be consistent
with my duty to agree to the motion of my nebte friend ;
anti for this reason : the papers which he calls for are con-
nected with discussions which are still going en, and it has
been invariably acknowledged by the house on occa-
sions of this kind, that inconvenience must arise from
the production of unfloishedcorrespoadence on matters which
ere still pending between this country and foreign courtries.
I can, however, assure my noble friend that he would be
greatly mistaken if he supposed that the subject to which he
has drawn the attention of the house isnot considered by her
Majeety's government rine of great national, of great Eure-
paean, importance. (Hear, hear.) lam quite ready to con-
err in the opinion which my noble friend has expiessed in
regard to the great importance which we ought to attach to
the Independence of the Tutkish empire. (Hear, hear.) I
hold that independence to be of vast importance to this
country both in a political and in a commercial point of view.
(Hear, hear.) Politically it hardly can be necessary. to enter
into any argument to show that if therm vast regione—for
v at they arc—which are now under the rule of the Sultan,
were to be petitioned among the other powers of Europe in the
first place such a pentium could not be effected without a
great European conflict ; and, in the second place, when
effected, it would, in all probability, derange materially, and
to the derienent of those perions who di I not abate in the
sped, the existing balance of power in Europe ; and
as England could not, under any ei,cuemtmees, either wi.h
or expect to share in the spoils of say tech Spartition, it is
evident that she, at leant, must be interested in maintaining
the integrity. of the Turkish empir s. (Cheers.) But, sir,
that feeling es not confined to this country. The house may
rest enured that the other leading poem of Europe are as
sensible as we are of the great importance of maintaining the
integrity and independence of toe Ottoman empire. That
was occluded in the Preamble of the treaty concluded no
lore-- es than 1841. ee— dating the passage of • se of vrar

Inger age ~ regu,_ passage Of ships 01
through the Dal-dandles; lied 1 am satisfied that
norm of the great powers who were parties to
that treaty would think of attempting to infringe
principles so solemnly recorded in the preamble of that public
act. Sir, I have said that politically the independence of
Turkey is of great importance to this country and to Europe.
Comm rcially my noble friend has in no degree overstated
its importance. It is perfectly true, as he says, that there is
no great country with which we have any great commercial
transactiors whore tariff Is so low, and therefore so liberal
to us, et that cf Turkey. Our trade with Turkey is an
annually increasing trade. So far from its having reached
its maximum, I trust that, if things pursue their present
course, and if the improvements which are now being
stead.ly made in the ioternal administration of Turkey con-
tioue to armee, with increased security to individuals and
increasing protection to the occupations of iedustry and the
employthent of capital, we shall find our commercial inter-
course with that country extending step by step, and not only
our own commercial intercoOrse, out that of all the great
commercial countries of Europe; and those regions which in
forme r times were; the centre of civilisation will 'gain ap-
preach their former condition. (Cheer.) Sir, of course,
under these eircomatenees, and with there vie co, it would have
been, an my noble friend states, a dereliction of duty if we
had seen with apathy or indifference transactions which in
any way, however indirectly, might appear to bear upon
she independence and integrity of the Turkish empire ; and
such undoubtedly, primed facie, must be the effect of the
occupation of the two Turkish province' by the army of a
neighbouring power. (Rear, hear.) Sir, explanations were
given at the time by the government of Russia, and eosn-
mualeatione, some verb 11 and some written, have ever since
been going on, not only between myself and the Russian mi.
niater at this! bat also between her Msjcisty's reprye