The Express.
London, England, 1849-07-31 00:00:00

the erpregiL

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LONDON, TUESDAY, JULY 31.

THE parliamentary session closes amid symptom
of impending changes. The resting adrninietrative
arrangements, and the existing administrative policy,
cannot last. The structure of the former is visibly
crumbling down; the ground is hollow on which the
latter rests. No storm is IN guinea tn subvert them;
the it own weight will bring them down.
Whether the approaching change swill be for the good
of the people dep.nds entirely upon the people them
I selves. Broken up on all other nnestions into a variety
of factions, an overpowering majority of the present
House of Commons are inveterate in th it hr.stility to
all plans of real reform. The division lists of the ses-
sion prove this. Every proposal to purify and ini•
prove the constitution of the house, or to introdass
economy and perspicuous huatness arrangeumte
ioh
the mansgment of the national finances, has beet re.
jectel by the combintd votes of ministerialirsi
Lin col n tee, and protectionists. A few lo wee fish from ali
parties hive lent their occasional votes to the populir
cause, as the mood of the moment, or spleen 07 caprice
dictated. But the people's representatives in the
practical ieforthers are
very
ynees—mtahl
mrienaolr, t
ye a riss
t there,r
In the efforts that are making and about to be
made, to organise an administration that will exist
mind a powerful majority in the commons, andionure
fixity in office, the phalanx of real reformers in pi!.
liament will be left out of account. In the compost-
tion of a minis'erial programme their views and
wishes will he passed over as theories of no practical
moment. Great pains will 130 taken to allay any
grudges and grievances that may exist between
available men of the whin party mat of either retina
of the tory party; mutual concessions will be made is
get up a political confession of faith which they may
all profess; but the end and aim of these negotiation
will be to construct a powerful government out of tte
materials afforded by the old part len, and to ars
upon the avowal of plausible and defensible prinei-
plea. The new arrangements, if left to parliameatall
politicians, will leave the people exactly where they
are.
If the people really and earnestly &stye to dente
benefit from the administrative revolutions which ate
inevitable they must be up and doing. The whigt
Lincolnite, and protectionist sections of the snot('
cracy, with their dependents, have parties in porlifr
ment, and having parties, have a chance of being pro'
vided for in the new arrangements. But the Pe/
of the people in parliament is too weak to command'
anything fir its constituents. The people must apt
themselves to net such a party in parliament as will
be powerful enough to make politic al leaders feel that
attention and deference must be paid to its views sod

wishes in shaping their policy.
No one who observes steadily and intelligently the
current of public opinion, and the movements of
general society in England can doubt that the pnople
are at this moment animated by a lively and vat"
went desire to attain important reforms. Nor can
the pe,p'e be fairly charged with supineness and
inactivity. They are endeavouring to help them.
selves. Evetywlere we find men busily at work in
their respective districts to promote their fir/wits
measures. We have financial reformers ensociatig
in Liverpool, Manchester. and Edinhilro'h well*"
associatinrs formed to focilitive the atminment of the
torty.shilling franchise in Birmingham and varies
other planes; and we have a general and district soar
ciations in London, which corchine b ,th objects nod
add to them that of general pat-it-meats:7_ll(nm
The exertions of these guerilin a; 1. '` "013refl
have been far from fruitiest. The tract! poklii“e

by---Ig—djribetb• rib financiel reform emaciation have
boen profitably studied by such as have leisure and
patience to foil :w out the establishment of important
truths by asstereatie induction from a multiplicity of
det-ils. Tre bolder, more striking, more popular
publications of the Liverpool association have roused
a wider public. The rapid progress of associations
for acquiring forty-shilling freeholds must have
asteaisbed even the energetic and tangelos originator
of the scheme, Mr. TAYLOR, of Birmingham. The
Leedom sesociat on for promoting &Andel and
reiiamentary reform has, by means of the district
meetings it has held, and by re announeement of a
great metropolitan meeting to b..• held in Drury-lase
given an impels, throughout the whole Tut metro-
polis to the eau e of financial reform and dills exten-
ron of the forty-shilling franchise ; and what is of in-
fieitely more consequence, it has brought the alienated
and nitcually distrustful reformers of the middle and
working classes once more into frank and cordial co-
operation.
Weat more is wanted? That the pulite engaged
in them various movements in their respective locali-
ties, shall unite for concerted oetien. So long as
each band panties apart its own peculiar object, in
its own district, ministers and parliament feel no
troublesome pressure. Our guerilla reformers are
easily reWsti d in detail. It is only by union and
concerted action that they eau hope to extort the
concession of their desires from the reluctant holders
of pnwer.
So far from the objects which are aimed at by
financial reformers, parliamentary reformere, and the
parties aesocitted to acquire the forty shilling fran-
chise, being iocompatible. eech agitwion is a natural
and necessary adjunct of the other. It is in vain for
the financial reformer to look for the adoption of the
measures he properee, or f.ir honest perseverance in
them from parliament u at present constituted. It
is in vain far the parliamentary reformer to seek to
rouse the mason of English society to aid in his
labours, unless he can show them s .me immediate
and tangible benefit to be derived from pirlismentary
reform. lone Bell. care. little fir the nice adjust-
ment of political eonwitutions in theory; he only asks
how they wirk. It is by cheering the English people
that, only throorh the ingrument silty of a reformed
parliament, can they obtain reduction of natimial ex-
penditure, a more wiefol application of the
public revenue, diminution of taxation, and a
more equitable adjustment of the burden, that
they are to b • roused t i sietive saclions f r par-
liamentary reform. Financial and parliamentary re-
form stand to each other in Vie necessary and insepa-
rable religion of the end and the mains. _ .

And the extension of the forty shilling franchise is
indispensable to the attainment of both. It is the
sharp else of the wedge which must first be driven
iv. The p opl must must have more friends in the
parliament try garrison before they can bring it to
surrender. And it is only by ircrearing the number
of forty shilling freeholders that they can send their
!nerds into the gives:in. It has been experimentally
dem instratrd that a forty shilling freehold cm be
obtained by investing 2.3/. at a fair interest.
It hoe be •n experimentally demonstrated that
working men, by laying wide a shilling or sixpence
a-work, may, by 'sweating, make themselves forty
shilling f *cholal. is iu the counts of two or three
yeirs. By s caddy and prrerveringly working out
the policy of the freehold land assoiiations the peo-
ple will be able, in the cisme of a very sheet time, to
sent each a number of their real representatives into
parliament se, with the ss.istancs of the pressure
from without, and the diep lotion of rising public
men to pay c ur to a growing power, will ensure the
reform of the Howe of Commons, and with it a the-
roach reform of our financial spran.
Union, combination, orgariut lin of financial and
parliamentary r, formers an I perdu; associated to
obtain the forty shilling tracelEse, is both possible
and necessary. A @Alive n inther of districts have
brrn rowed to admit of the work of the organisation
being begun. There is ro time to bet. Psrliament
is about to ti ratios'e its tess;un of make.beleve work
—let the pt ple, awl the small but resolute phalanx of
the pople's representatives, commence wit_owt delay
ther session of real work.

Mecum:re of floanetrl, frey-shilling freehold, and
all other fermis associrionv, ought im nediatrly to be
held in every town and district when any each moo-
elation ezi,te. At them meetings delegates ought to
be appointed. to fetid a preliminary general meeting,
on an eerie dty, in some &steel and easily aocerm:ble
locality. At that general inceing • M 3 broil general
principle, of interim co-operation should be
agreed upon. A day and else, ehnold be fixed
he • general meeting of deloottes from !tut reformers
of all parte of the hit gd-sa. The resolutions and the
time and Ore of enetaieg should forthwi h be inti-
mated to tare feeling lib •ral, thrsughout the country,
and their a t.ve co-operati in invittd. And thus •
general meeting of reform delegates might be en-
surtd pos« eyed of much an amount of informatiln
respe,ting the rate of pohlic opiaian and sentiment
as would render it easily pos-ihle to organise •
national lesstue, and concert a plan of action for the
extension of the forty shilling franchise, with • view
to such a real pr 'client ream of parliament, as will
more a tit rough reform in the netional finances.
This is a p -ace tble, legal, and constitutional mode
of prosteuting ref./ins from which the most timid
and wary rebutter would have no excuse fur stand-
ing aloof. I e result most of necessity be so re.tl,
that the mr.t decided theoraical reformer has no
valid pret-at for superei:iously refusing his aid. The
Reform L. rigut would be al sure of attaining its
objects as toe Anti-Corn Law League was. And
while the rod work was in progress the knowledge
of the active existence of the le tgue would of itself
be sufficient to ext at many minor reforms from the
hands of men in power.

We have a few mire Isst words to say about the
Hospital of St. Cris ere th« session acmes. About six
weeks ago the House of ('o:nmon■—on Mr. Hume's
motion —addisee4, it will bs recollected, the Crown
to issue a It lot Commission ti inquire into the nature
and amour• of tie property of that institution, and to
devise some scheme for its fn'ure administration with
greater advantage to the public. Up to this time,
however, no such commission has been issued ; and a
report is now in circulation that none will be Wined ;
but that other steps will be tak n for its improve-
nt. Instead of a commission, instrucions have, it
is s'p'ed, b4-n Riven to the ArroavaT-Genanat. to
file an lotalnation in the G urt of Chancery against
the Master and Brethren of SP. Cro-s, for the purpose
of aseertai ing the nature and value of its property
and of devising a scheme for it. beter administration
OD the demise of the Earl of GUILFORD.

If this et ttement be corr. C', we must express a
strong preference for a royal commission, and an un-
oonquerable dis!iks to a Coancery suit. We do not
at all d .u'st the, aoy rich inst-uctions to the ATTOR-
PET-OaNtam. hare b• en given in perfectly good faith
on the part of ministers; for they are really de-
sirous, we believe, of turning Sr. CROSS, on its
vacancy. to rod account; and we are quite certain
that Sir Jolts Jeans will do everything in his
power to c Ivry out s, eedily and effectively his in-
structions : still we must press on all concerned the
impolicy of proceeding in the neater through the
agency of a court of equity. In the fist place, there
is no necessity for doing so. There are no con-
tending clnens to reconcile; there is no dis-
puted or alienated property to recover; no
old accenting to audit. 11.1 d the Bishop of WIN-
CHESTER, the patron of the hosnital, been averse to
its improvement ; bad his lordship been resolved to
appoint a new M lettr on the old terms on Lord
Oututorto's demise, a resort to Chancery might be
useful. But Dr. SUSINZIL, it is now an-rtained, will
not oppose the cooversi,m of the how tvl to any really
useful ourpos • coon cted with religion, charity, or
edit( talon ; and he has pledged his episcopal word
not to fill up the Mastership wh n i• becomes enlist.
There is then an agreement on the part of all con-
cerned that a erheme for its improvement ought to be
forthwith devised.

Now, in the second place, a Chancery suit will l
be a very effccual mode of daliying the adoption of
such a sch-nee. An intonation e meet now be filed
until the c •mmenerment of Michaelmas Term; then
the nature and amount of the property will have to
be aseertainet, the duties of the matter and brethren,
sad pariculars as to the charity. These ascer-
tained a reference will have to be made to a Master
of Chancery to deviae a scheme for its iroproyemen ;
months will he spent in its considers'ion ; and the
chances are, that a Yen if it be sanctioned by the court,
at the end of some two or three years hence, a very
imperfect *Acme will,be propounded. •
Now, hr n e ICS of a royal commisaion, the whole
subject might be inquired into in the muse of a few

weeks; and, by the rc•eaembling of parliament, a
measure fur the be:ter application of the revenues ‘f
St. Cross might be riady prepared, to be introluced,
and might be enacted before ma wicks of the session
were over.

Delay, expence, and an imperfect scheme, are cer-
tain to he the maul's of a Chancery suit. Expedition,
economy, and a satisfactory plan of improverect,
would be the probable consequences of a commission.
Now that there is an universal assent to the
principle of improvemeot, the only real difficulty
m to what purpose shall the plan of improve-
slat be directed To chalky P—to religion ?
ert teeductation? Oar own opinion incline strongly
to the last mentioned object. The whole spirit of
modern charitable institutions is founded on the
voluntary princip'e, and is opposed to large endow-
ments. Charities surported by voluntary contribu-
tions are everywhete moat useful and sumessful;
whilst endowed charities have, with few exceptions,
degenerated into grime jobs, and, where they have
not, their benefits are quits incommensurate
to their means. The application of the funds
of St. Croft to parochial purposes would
involve their d's;ersion, and an exclusion from
the r benefits or all who dissect from the church. We
confess we think that funds of so noble an amount
ought to be kept concentra'ed; and their fittest ap-
plication seems to us to be the foundation of an Uni-
versity, where it is mush wanted, in the west of
England.
There has, we know, been another scheme pro-
pounded ; viz., to assign the revenues of St. Cross to
the future B shops of WINCHESTER, and to app'y
the existing revenues of the See to parochial pur-
ples-a, in that diocese. particularly in its chief ecclesi-
astical eye sore, Southwark. But this is a very ob-
iectiongble prop-nisi. It would extinguish, instead of
Improve, St. Crests ; it would exclude di. liters from
any direct benefit to ba derived from its revenues ; it
would give to the Bishops of WINCHESTER an income
much grt &ter than they ought to possess ; and it would
relieve them to a great ester t of the responsinility
which the present state of the boriugh throws upon
them. The condition of Southwark spiritually is still
a disgrace t r the !Pe of Winchester. Thence it is that
its bishops have derived the principal part of their
great incomes; and there it is that vice, immorality,
and paganism most prevail in the dioce e? From
this cooties'. we have no desire to see the Bishop of
WINCHESTER exonerated at the expense of St. Cross.
They have wealth in abundance to enable the church
'Po fulfil its great mi-sien in Southwark. It is only
their own devotion to " purple and fine linen" which
=tts the church b.coming all-powerful in the
h.
In conclusion, however, let us again press on minis-
ters the importioce of a royal commission on this
quentien of St. Cramp. It is what the House of Com-
m ins addressed the crown for; it is what the real
exigencies of the case require.