The Express.
London, England, 1854-01-06 00:00:00

SWEDEN AND DENMARK.

From Paris, Brussels, and Berlin it is announced
that the northern powers have come to a common
resolve respecting the position which they will main-
tain in the event of a European war.
It was stated in the Daily News of the 29th ult.
that negotiations were being carried on between Den-
mark and Sweden for the conclusion of a
treaty which should assure the independence of
the two stake against all contingencies. The
courts of Europe have now been informed of the
conclusion and tenor of that compact, and also
of the intentions of the Scandinavian governments
respecting its execution. Two circular notes, iden-
tical in form, have been forwarded to the cabinets of
Europe by the two powers, from which it appears
that—far from permitting themselves to be drawn
into the orbit of Russia—Sweden and Norway will
assert a strict neutrality, while the treaty which
they have concluded witnesses their resolution to
maintain their elected attitude, it need be, by arms.
Of the various accounts of the joint declaration of
Sweden and Denmark which are in circulation, we
take that of the Independence Beige.
The Note commences by laying down that the
complications which have arisen oat the Oriental
question have imposed on the governments of Sweden
and Denmark the obligation of considering with se-
riousness the further consequences to which they may
give rise, and that, having done so, they now desire to
explain to all the governments with which they en-
tertain amicable relations the political course which
they intend to follow in the event of an European
war.

The cordial friendship in which the sovereigns
and people of the two countries are united,
as well as a community of interests and
political principles, have led their governments
to concert together respecting the mea-
sures which in certain circumstances would be
necessary to establish a common action suited to
secure the object upon which both are agreed, and
this object is the maintenance of a strict neutrality.
In conformity with these resolutions the two sove-
reigns now notify to the various European govern-
ments that they will abstain during the apprehended
war from all participation direct or indirect
in favour of one of the belligerents to the
detriment of the other—that they will admit
into the ports of Sweden, Norway, and Den-
mark, both merchant vessels and shipeof war of all
the belligerent parties, each government, however,
reserving to itself the rght of excepting certain
naval ports and certain basins from this rule, but in
that case excluding all the parties alike. That they
will allow the provisioning of ships of all parties in
the ports of the two kingdoms, but will not, how-
ever, permit them to supply themselves there with
articles reputed contraband of war. Finally, that
no captures nor prizes of war may be sold in the
said ports, nor so much as brought thither.
In return for these liberties accorded in their
ports, Sweden and Norway require from the belli-
gerent powers, for the vessels of their respective
states, the continued enjoyment of freedom from mo-
lestation and the ordinary facilities of commerce,
under the obligation to submit to the law of nations
in special eases, such as a blockade.
To guarantee this neutrality, which is, in fact, a
first condition of Scandinavian independence, the
two governments do not rest contented with despatch-
ing note.. From Copenhagen we learn that the for-
tification of the so-called Langenlinie is being
effected with vigour, guns are already mounted,
and considerable earth works are reared, and this in
weather the severity of which would forbid the
execution of any outdoor work not of extreme
urgency. In other directions the same activity is
manifested.

FRANCE.

PARIS, THURSDAY ETINIXO.

There has been a very heavy fall at the Bourse
to-day, occasioned less by the aspect of foreign affairs
than by numerous "executions " of defaulters,
which, as I anticipated yesterday, have taken place.
One influential jobber was executed for upwards of
a million of francs. Towards the close of business
the downward movement was accelerated by a report
that the government had received some very bad
news, and that the Moniteur to-morrow would con-
tain an important communication. The Three per
Cents. fell 75c. Bank of France, 20fr. Credit
Mobilier, 16fr. St. Germain Railway, 35fr. !Stras-
bourg, 201 r. Northern 19fr., and other lines from
10fr. to 15fr. This fall following upon the depression
of the whole week is very important.
The Pattie, in its "Latest News," says it has been
reported to-day that the Russians were preparing to
cross the Danube.

In addition to the bulk of correspondence which
you will receive by this mail from Constantinople, I
notice two or three facts of importance in the French
journals. It appears from several letters, that an
'English sailor on board the English merchantman
sunk by the Russians at Sinope was killed by can-
Lon shot, and this after the English flag had
been hoisted! One of Abdi Pitches lieute-
nant-generals in Asia, Vely Pacha, was assas-
sinated by his own troops, after having himself
killed four of his men who were running sway from
the enemy. One letter says, that a temporary dif•
ference between Admirals Deeds. and Hamelin, of
which the limes made the most, resulted from the
accident of the English admiral having received his
instructions three days later than the French. The
Frame says the dismissed Capitan-Pacha, Madhmond
Pacha, has already been brought to a court martial,
and that his successor Riza Pacha, who, before the
war broke out, belonged to what was called the peace
party, is now one of the warmest supporters of the
war. He goes farther even than the Seraskier, Me-
hemet Ali, and much farther than Reechid
In the arsenals of Constantinople the Turks are work-
ing night and day, in pursuance of orders to build
and arm a sufficient number of ships to replace those
lost at Sinope. Omer Pacha has written to say that
as soon as the Danube is completely frozen over he
shall resume operations. There is not a word in
these letters to confirm the taking of Battonm by the
Russians.

According to a current story, General Baraguay
d'Hilliers bas given Lord Stratford de Itedcliffe a
lesson in punctuality. At a meeting of the four
ambassadors, called at the Austrian internuncio's
residence for two o'clock in the afternoon, General
Baraguay d'Hilliers attended with military precision
as the clock struck. After waiting twenty minutes,
Lord de Radcliffe not having arrived, the general
rose, took his hat, and, observing that there being no
likelihood of the conference taking place that day, he
should leave, but he thought he might have been in-
formed of the postponement. Oa his way out of the
room he met Lord de Radcliffe, and, saluting him, said
plainly that the hour of meeting being passed he
was going away. Lord de Redcliffe,after apologizing,
reproached the general with a smile for his too
rigorous punctilio. The French ambassador replied
with some emphasis, "My lord, punctuality being
the politeness of kings, ought afortiori to be that of
their representatives." It' this story be true, I
do not think it will raise General Bars.-
grimy d'Hil,ier's reputation as a diplomatist.
He is an old general, but a young ambassador.
His going away might be very excusable, but
his refusal to return, sod his stiff reproof to
Lord de Radcliffe, was only worthy of a corporaL
However, the anecdote comes from • very auspicious
source, and may be only one of the many inventions
of the party that incessantly endeavours to break the
French and English alliance.