The Express.
London, England, 1847-02-03 00:00:00

PARLIAMENTARY PAPERS.

PUBLIC PF.TITIONB.— Fire) Report of Committee.—
From the 19th to the 26th of January 10/ petitions were
presented to the House of Commons. Of these 1 related to
the constitution of parliament ; 1 to ecclesiastical matters;
2to the colonies and dependencies; 9to taxation. The rest
are classed as miscellaneous and bear upon emigration,
Factories (the ten hours' bill), the famine in Ireland, the
poor-laws, sugar and molasses, &c. There is one petition
for repeal, with 2 signatures; 1 for the admission of Austra-
lian corn on the same terms as Canadian, with 288 signs-
, tures ; 5 for making the erection and maintenance of light-
houses a charge on the public revenue, with 654 signatures ;
49 in favour of a ten hours' bill for factories, with 16,599
signatures; 18 for facilitating the transportation of grain
and provisions to Ireland, with 10,865 signatures; 7 for
allowing the use of sugar and molasses in brewing and dis-
tilling, with 700 signatures; 2 for suppression of promiscuous
intercourse, with 298 signatures ; 1 for better observance of
the Lord's day, with 167 signatures. The ten hours' petitions
pray the house to pass a ten hours' bill for all minors and
females employed in factories. The promiscuous intercourse
petitions state that there is a large class resident in towns
who make a trade of, and live by, promoting promiscuous in
tercourse between the sexes ; and pray that this may be made
a highly penal offence, and that magistrates and police offi-
cers may be vested with summary powers of proceeding in
cases of suspected delinquency.
BILL TO LIMIT THR HOURS or LABOUR OF YOUNO PER-
BONY AND FEMALES IN FACTORIER—The preamble declares
that it is expedient to alter the acts for the same general purpose
passed in the 4th year of his late Majesty and in the 7th & Bth
years of her present Mej.sty, "tor the purpose of further
restricting the hours of young persons and females in fee-
tories. Clause 1 limits the hours of such persons to II
hours in any day and 63 in any one week.-2. Further
limits the daily hours of such persons to 10, and the weekly
to 53, except in the exceptional cases in which the above
acts allowed them to be employed more than 11 hours per
diem, and more than 63 per week.-3. These restrictions
are to extend to females above the age of 18.-4. This act
to be construed RA one act with the two above-named.-5.
The act may Ise amended or repealed in the present session.
CANADIAN Poar-orrica.—The sessional paper, No. 721
(of session 1846), has been delivered ; it contains copies of
the report of the commissioners appointed by the Govenors
General of Canada since the union of the two provinces, to
inquire into the state of the Canadian Post-office; and
the statement of/dr. Stayner, which explains wherein, and
why he dissents from the report, though, in his capacity of
commissioner, he has signed it.
GRAIN FROM IRELAND.—AII account of the quan-
tities of wheat, barley, &e.' Imported into Great Britain
• from Ireland, in every month of the year 1846. The
I totals for the year are : Wheat, 186,730 quarters;
barley, 92,854 ; oats, 958,851 ; wheat flour, 723,562 cwts. ;
oatmeal, 553,147 ; oxen, bulls, and cows, 186,483 ;
calves, 6,363; sheep and lambs, 259,257; swine, 480,827.
The monthly importations of grain and meal were high from
January to May (inclusive); low in June. July and August;
high again in September and Oetober, and low in November
and December. The importations of cattle, sheep and lambs,
were low from January to April inclusive ; high from May to
November inclusive, and lower in December. The importation
i of calm a was inconsiderable throughout the year; that of
swine high. The statement in made up from offiaiial docu-
ments only in so far as corn is concerned. There has been no
official record kept of exportation. from Ireland to Great
Britain since the trade between the two countries was placed
on the ceasting footing in 1825. The returnee( cattle ere from
non-official reports transmitted to the custom-house from every
port in Ireland since the autumn of 184;5. The department
Ipommies no similar information regarding shipments of
butter, cheese., and meat.
AOORF.OATF. AMOUNT OF PROTISIONN IMPORTED FROM
IRELAND INTO ENGLAND DURING 1844.5-6.—Grain of all
kinds, including wheat, barley, oats, rye, peas, beans, malt,
in 1844,2,801,206 quarters; in 1845, 3,251,901 quarters;
•in 1846, 1,825,394 quarters. Cattle, oxen, bulls, and cows
(during 1846), 186,483; calm ii, 6,363; sheep and lambs,
259,257; swine' 480,827. These are the only returns under
I the above heads. The inspector-general of export+ and im-
ports states, that in regard to other descriptions of provisions
hoported tram Ireland into Great Britain within the above
perod, no information i. possessed by the department over
which he preside,. Witk respect to the supplies of cattle, it
is important to star that the fisures are taken from the
accounts amereantile repine, shipping lists, &c. transmitted
to the office, and not from authentic official document. This
paper is dated Jan, 28, 1847 .

•.• AdvertSwale!
must be at the,

HISTORICAL. CONCERTS.-EXETER HALL.
THE SECoND CONCERT (X a Series of Fouri, illustrative
of the Hwaury of t:.NGLIsII VOCAL MUSIC, will b held on MON-
DAY EVENING tort, February 8, at which will be ;weer-Med mini-
mew of the miric of Rogers, Humphreys, XXe, Loa, Blow, •
Creyeebtoes, Reeding, and Purcell.
PAINCIYAL VOCAL PLAPOSAIIAA
MISS LUNA/MTH, MISS DOLBY,
MR. LOCKET, MR. W. H. SEOUIN, end MR. MACHIN.
THE CIIOIILUS will assist of the MEMBERS of MR. MULLAH'S
UPPER SINGING SCHOOLS, and Ow
OICHESTMA of MR. WILLY'S CONCERT RAND.
A new Organ has been erected by Mr. Robson exprerly ix Ewes
Oxcarts.
TICKETS—Area
Western Gallery 3e. ad.... Ditto Ditto Se.
Reserved anti 7e. 0d.... Ditto Deno Da.
May be had X Mr. Parker, Put/Usher, 443, West Strand ; and X
the Principal Moak Sellers. •

SINGING CL A SSE S.-APOLLONICON
ZOOMS.—Diroctor, Mr. JOHN MULLAH.
Class No. 67 kor ladles, will commence on 'Thursday ceasing, Feb.
nsary I I, at half-pad 6 &dock.
Clam No. M for Ladies, will commence on Monday ensahm, Feb-
ruary 15. at a (muter before 8 o'clock.
Clam No. 66 for Gentlemen, will oommence m Tuesday evening,
February 9, at a quartenpast I °Wasik.
Clam No. 66 for Gentlemen. will amasses on Friday evening,
February 12, at balt.mme 8 o'sdoek.
Terms: Twelve MMus% for the mune of Slaty Lemons, ot two
pa=of Hem filiffiloge arid 81xpessoe each.
and full pardealan may te bad at the Apolkaicon Rooms,
101, St. Martlabalsma

VOYPTIAN-HALL, PICCADILLY.-LANTUM
.12.4 ETHIOPIAN SERENADERS, THIS DAY (Wednesday), Feb.
3, and during the week. Ilte unanimous opinion of the minket
world praclaints this entertainment to be unequalled. The delightfal
tone of the Lent= le the survive and admiration of all who have
heard it, whilst the gime, overtures, and duets, nightly elicit the mom
rapturous applause. Doors open at half-pest Semen, commence at
Eight.—Reserved mats, ?a.; Balcony, la.—Morning concert, Tb.
morrow (Thursday), and Saturday, ecsausendng at Three o'clock.
Sate may be taken from 12 toe.

• -
OYAL POLYTECHNIC INSTITUTION.-
iv PROFESSOR SCIIOENBELN'S GUN-COTTON, and ether
Explosive Compounds, with brilliant Experiments, lectured ca by
Dr. Ryan, daily, at half-past three o'clock, and on the Evenings of
Mondays, Widnesdays, and Fridays. The principle of the various
FLECIRO-MAGNETIC TELEGRAPHS explained daily by Preform
Beehhoffner, including the patent of Meows. Cook and Wheat-
stone, in we on the Railways, and the more recent patent of
Mews. Nott and Gamble. The various Models explained. Magnified
' of DISEASED POTATOES exhibited by the OXY-EIV-
ROGEN MICROSCOPE, with the Dentroetive tnmcl, supposed by
A. Some, Esq. , F.R.S., to be the cause of the dime. A beandhl
seem of NEW DISSOLVING VIEWS. The DIVING-BELL sad
lIIIVEX, with Experiment. The PHYSIOSCOPE, New CHRO-
ATROPE, ta. tie. —Adinimics, la.; Mimi;

MADAME DULCKEN'S SECOND SOIREE
MUSICALE will take place cm WEDNESD %Y, the 10th of
Febnuery, at her residense, 80, liarley-stroet, Cavendidi-nonare. The
performance* to commence at half-past eight o'clock prociaely. Par-
ticulars and tickets may be obtained at the principal muse ware-
homes, and of Madame Dulcken, 80 Harley-street. The third and
UM Soiree will take plain on Wednesday. 24th February.

ETHIOPIAN SERENADERS. -THIS MORN-
ING.—ST. JAMEWS THEATRE—The celebrated Ethiopian
berenaden Pell, Harrington, White, Stanwood, and Or anon, win
give their inimitable entertahunent this Morning, at the St. James's
theatre; this evening (Wednesday), at the Horn% Kennington;
Tbarelay evening, St. James's Theatre; Friday, at Crosby Hall,
Bishopegate-stniet ; datuiday evening, St. James's Theatre; and
Monday next, Crosby HalL—The Programme will be varied on each
ocassion.

THEATRE ROYAL AI)ELPHI. Glorious
Amusement—rnequalled, as no eland grand.—Decided bit of
the new, splendid, romantic drama of "Cotcolho, the Corsican
Sister." Last week of the woe trot the age, the celebrated " Enter-
tdationists," and the magnificent Fairy Spectacle. founded on
Giscile," or the Phantom Dancers. —THIS IA Ni SG, the successful
new romantic Drama of COLOMBA, the Corsican "inter. With the
celebrated " Entortilationiste," Mr. John Lee. mid hi, force Pupils,
who will exhibit their wonderful Jetts. Gymas:ique: .—And THE
PHANTOM DANCERS, or the Wills Bride.

ft, Q plregg•

MAILS.

The mails for Bridal, North America, Bermuda, and the United
States, will be made up on the evening of the 3rd February,
The malls for the Brasil*, the River Plate. Monte Video, Ferman,.
buco, Bahia, Ma leira, and Buenos Ayres, will be dispatched on the
evening of the 4th February.
The mails for Vigo, Oporto, Lisbon, Madeira, Carlir, and Gibraltar,
will be made op on the morning of the Bth February.
The overhowl closed mulls, air. Maneilles, to the Mediterranean.
Egypt, Men, Ceylon, India, Hong Kong, &e., will he mode op on the
evening of the Bth February-.
The Went hobo mils, including those for Menlo,, Honduran., and
the limartnah, will be made up on the morning of the 17th February.
orerfand walla for Gibraltar, Malta, Greece, the lonian Islands,
Egypt, Men, Ceylon, India, Hong-Kong, and China, vier Southampton,
will he made up on the morning of the trth of Febrnary.
The mails for New South Wales, Van thalami'. Land, and New
Zealand will be made up on the evening of the Ist March.

70 CORRESPONDENTS.
Intended for The Erpress, London evening paper,
Bet by Two o'clock on tbe day of puv'—•io^

-,'

light of this has already led to much heat and much
serer both in the houses of Parliament and in the
Etuizration, reclamation of waste lauds,.aid-
o. railways,
r advance of money for agi tent-
nail improvement ;—some or all of these may be
highly inexpedient in a natural, or even in a semi-
cased state of a country. But with respect to Ire-
the question is, are these better than doing no-
thing, and distributing money for nothing ?
lord loos RI:t.'•ELL let fall an observation, that
goo holdings were, after all, not necessarily perni-
cious; sad he instanced Armagh. Now, there is no
doubt that small holdings, though differing much
according to the nature of the tenure and the wealth
of the country, are, in regions of what the French call
de ,irstute culture, to be deprecated. But in Ireland
there is no choke. Without an immense and
instantaneous influx of capital. accompanied by a
anialtaneJus efflux of the population, at least from
agriculture. large holdings cannot be created. There
eats a surplus population, accustomed to feed on the
land. There is no fund for wages, and little taste for
emigration. The alternative, therefore, is narrowed
to the choice of how they are to be fed on the land—
by conscre, or by reclaiming spots of ground of 20
acres. Can any one hesitate as to the choice ?
The Fame remark applies to all the permanent mea-
Wee for some at least are indispensable as aids, if
Ireland is really to be raised out of her present sunken
condition. The most popular permanent measure is
the poor-law. But the poor-, :ery possible of
application in the east and north of Ireland, is
utterly impracticable in the south and west,
unless accompanied by other measures. Reclaiming
waste lands near the coast, where sea-weed manure
is in abundance, railway employ in inland districts,
fisheries in others, emigration in others :—if govern-
ment cannot wirtinee money for such purposes to
districts and counties wherein the pauperism is
capable of swallowing up the rent in a month, govern-
ment must end by giriny the money in alms and to
support the poor-house. No rates can do that in the
southern districts, if left to themselves, if unaided by
these permanent measures, and if left to the polit'eal
maxim of Sir ROBERT, viz. " Help thyself"
That has been preached to Ireland long enough.
How is a country to help itself without capital, or
skill, or security, and with a redundant population,
that defies all modes of employing, disciplining. or
controlling them? Teach theft; to exert themselves.
Faith Sir ROBERT, but don't help them to do so.
We have very little hope of such teaching, very little
least in such a schoolmaster. And we can onfv con-
ceive each • policy invented and promulgated to
thwart and spoil, not directly but insidiously, all the
efforts of the present liberal ministry for the redemp-
tion of Ireland.

Tin first annual report of the Board of Supervision
for the Relief of the Poor in Scotland has been pre-
sented to Parliament. It is an ably-digested synopsis
of the actual poor-law of Scotland, as modified by the
act which appointed the Board, and the Board's pro-
ceedings tinder that act. The appendix, too, con-
tains a number of documents which throw light on
the state of Scotch pauperism. It cannot be denied,
after perusing the report, that the parties to whom
has been delegated the superintendence of pub-
lic charity in Scotland are learned in the
theory of their duties, and lecture ably and
plausibly upon them. Whether the paupers
of Scotland are likely to derive much benefit from
these gentlemen's practical enforcement of their theo-
ries is a question more open to dispute. Unwilling to
pronounce a rash judgment, we reserve our decision;
but thus much we can say for them with a safe con-
science, that they do not appear to be in danger of
erring from any morbid excess of sympathy for the
poor. They relate with obvious complacency
their labours in scrutinising complaints of inade-
quate relief. With the low standard by which
the -adequacy of relief has hitherto been tested
in Scotland, certain decisions of the Court
of Session have made southern readers familiar.
They are therefore able to form estimates of how far
humanity may have been served by the action of the
board. From the 4th of S-Ttember. 1845," say its
members, "the day on which we first met for the
transaction of business, up to this time (August. 1846)
597 cases of paupers complaining of inadequate relief
have been before us. Of these, 303 have been dis-
missed on the information contained in the sche-
dules; and 94, after communication with the
parochial boards. In 182 cases remitted by us ,
to the parochial boards, the allowances have been in-
aeased to such an extent as to remove the grounds of
complaint, and eighteen causes are not yet disposed
o' All Scotland was in arms against the old poor-
law for its niggardliness ; in this passage there is
slender of amendment. As little it must be
conf • is there in the warm encomium passed upon
"the honourable and humane spirit in which the
heritors and the parochial boards generally have en-
deavoured to carry out the objects contemplated by
the legislature." the poor-law reformers of Scotland
complained that the Commission of Inquiry was an
heritors' Commission ; there is room to fear that the
Board of Supervision is its legitimate offspring. When
the children of Scotland ask for bread, it may not
give them a stone, but it will give them learned dis-
sertations, which are not much better.

A vote, of no matter what amount, to provide the
Irish farmer with seed is one that will evidently pass
the House of Commons by acclamation. Now that'
the re-appearance of the disease in the rising potato
crop has caused the most grave apprehensions for the
coming year, it is oar duty to look to the future, and
endeavour to show how mach good may be done by a
well-regulated administration of this fund which par-
liament grants for the purchase of seed, and how much
evil may be produced by its ignorant application.
So far as relates to the present distress, the Marquis
of LINSDOWNE was right when he exposed the ab-
surdity of meeting :the evil by deprecatory cries of
the inferiority of the potato as the staple food of a
people ; but, with regard to the future. it becomes of
the first importance rightly to determine the course,
which government intends to pursue in promoting
or retarding the cultivation of this crop. America
points out to us the sad spectacle of five successive
failures of the potato crop, and the disease there is
not yet arrested in its progress. Belgium, on the
other hand, offers a more cheering instance of a great
mitigation, if not total extinction, of the malady. But
all men of science versed in cultivation, look with alarm
to the progress of the disease in thiscountry. They per-
ceive neither climatorial nor physical causesat all likely
to aid the expulsion of the enemy from our shores,
but, on the contrary, recognise much durability in
the phenomena presented by the disease. Its recur-
rence in the crop of next year is, therefore, possible,
if not more than probable, and would pauperise a
large portion of this country as well as of Ireland.
Under these circumstances, it is fit that govern-
ment should protect itself and this country by
efficient regulations for the advance of money is
the purchase of seed. The money is to be advanced
on the security of the crop, which, if one of potatoes,
is of the most inefficient description. It has justly
been said, both in and out of parliament, that the
failure of the two last years may be converted either
into a national curse or into a national blessing. The
introduction of the potato into Ireland in the
16th century, was hailed by politicians as !
a great boon, and little did they then foresee, how
many evils were to follow the impulse given to its ,
cultivation. Perhaps the very smallest of these was
the risk of its sudden failure and the calamity Of
famine, to which all nations are exposed, that depend
mainly on one variety of crop. The incalculable mis-
chief of its adoption is the habits of idleness. which
arise in a people devoted to the growth of one kind of
food. When crops are manifold, the labour of their
cultivation and harvesting is spread over the whole
year, and steady habits of labour are acquired. The
rice growers of Bengal are as inferior in moral energy
and steady habits of labour to the cereal calti-
rators of the upper provinces, as the Irish are
to the Scotch peasants. This inferiority is not
!aliment to Ireland, but to its engrafted habits ; for
its natives when abroad become able -Labourers. Lord
JOECC IVSSELL observed.with great justice, that "the '
wine man who is loitering idly by the mountain side
Tipperary or in terry, whose potato plot has just
furnished him with occupation for a few days, whose
wages and whose pig have enabled him to pay his
rent and to eke out a miserable subsistence, has per-
haps a brother in Liverpool. in Glasgow, or in Lon-
dOa. who, by the sweat of his brow, from morning till
aught, is competing with the strongest and the stoutest
Labourers of England or of Scotland, and is earning
*Nees equal to any of them."
With these convict ons, it would be impolitic is

government to perpetuate the origin of the evils by
permitting the public money to be expended in the
purchase of seed potatoes. The loss of the money
itself is far Isse to be feared than the loss of the oppor-
tunity thus afforded of introducing into Ireland the
cultivation of new and nr) re hardy crops, of creating
wants, and inciting labour to their gratification. It is
with the view of affording our aid in developing these
industrial resources, that we entreat the consideration
of our readers to what science indicates as the proper
course to be pursued in the exigencies in which our
country is et present placed.
Modern Science has proved that all food cocsists of
two essential parts, having very different functions to
perform in the animal economy. The first class of
these compounds is made up of materials having
absolutely the same composition and nature as the
flesh and blood of animals, and it is now proved that
the process of nutrition simply consists in giving them
a position in the organism, without any alteration is
their component parts. Vegetables contain within
themselves flesh already made, and their nutritive
value is at once determined by ascertaining how mach
they contain of this flesh giving principle. Nothing
else can form the basis of the body, and, therefore,
nothing else can be nutritious. The other part of
food, which comprises such substances as sugar,
starch, gum, B:c., cannot by any possibility give
strength or true nutrition to the body, but they play
a mast important function, as they are the chief means
of imparting grateful warmth ; in other words, of sus-
taining animal heat, and supporting respiration.
Hence there are two classes of materials in food, the
one building up and sustaining the fabric of the body,
the other keeping up the process of respiration.
National predilections or prejudices canaot shake
the law of nature, which has placed the potato
almost at the very bottom of the scale of vegetable
food. One hundred tons of potatoes contain no more
than two tons of nutritive matter fitted for the forma-
tion of the animal frame. Never was there a greaser
fallacy than to conceive that it is a food fitted for the
poor; it is to the poor man, as well as to the rich, one
of the most costly crops which can be cultivated. It is
true that the potato would be a cheap aliment if it
were equally nutritious with other kinds of food; but
this is not the case, fur a far larger quantity must be
consumed to obtain adequate nourishment. Six
pounds of potatoes must be taken to afford the
same nutriment that one pound of flour, or the '
third of a pound of peas, would afford. Its
bulk is its only recommendation, and that it
does not enjoy in so great a degree as the more hardy
though rather less nutritive, Jerusalem artichoke, beet,
or turnip. Let us not deceive ourselves as to the
true value of nutriment in different varieties of crops,
for in times of prospective famine we should clearly
understand by what crops we can produce the largest
amount of nutriment per acre. And in ouch conside-
rations we must view those portions of food fitted for
supporting and forming the bodies of animals as the
only true expression of their nutritive value. We
have, therefore, prepared a table, calculated upon the
average produce per acre of various crops in this
country, to show what different quantities of food are
produced by the acre.

Average pedant per
lame a tubers and sr'

Number of Ito. of
Erne nutacoest
giala'fained lathe ;modem
, den am.
672!b5.
I lbs. 5941b5.
35.31155.
lbs.l 341411:e.
lbs.; 24.9160.
9941 be
lbs. 1901bs.
lbs.. 13'31.e.

Best Mengel Wurzel
aatt Turnips.
Beans
P ota toes.
Peas
Barley
Jerusalem Artichoke'
Wheat
Oats

30 tons.
,30 bush., or IWO I

I 8 toes.
.20 busts., or 1160
36 bush., or 1872

10 tons.
25 bosh., or 1-300'
30 bush., or 1200

The quantity of food is, however, not the only
point of importance in times of famine, the cheapness
of production and certainty. of success being still more
weighty considerations. fhe economy of the pro-
duce is too important to consider in the present
article, and to that subject we shall give a separate
consideration ; but the prospect of successful cultiva-
tion is a point demanding immediate attention. Of
all plants cultivated for food, perhaps the most hardy
is the Jerusalem artichoke. In spite of the most un-
generous treatment, with a quantit of manure. and
I poverty of soil, insufficient to satisfy any other plant,
this hardy tuber will thrive and yie d abundant crops.
Its habits are not these which are calculated to pro-
duce improvement in the industry of the Irish, but
its qualities as a famine crop are proeminent. Beet,
for the southern parts of the country, would yield the
largest return of food at the lowest price of any of the
cultivated crops. The bean, in spite of being so liable
to disease and to the attacks of insects, produces, with
ordinary care, a very large amount of food at a cheap
rate, much superior in this respect to the pea, which
is more liable to failure. The more extended cultiva-
tion of these crops, in addition to the cereals, would
materially alleviate the pressure, which another failure
of the potato crop must produce. In the admi-
nistration of the money to be granted for seed,
government have it in their power to pre-
scribe certain salutary conditions as to its
application, and obtain as a result not only an
increased and economical produce of food, but at the
same time cultivate those industrial habits which can
alone be fostered in an wicultural district where the
demand for labour is steady and uniform, and not liable
to the cessation consequent on the cultivation of a
single variety of produce. The devotion of any great
portion of the money to the purchase of seed potatoes
; is not likely to be advantageous, and is altogether
insecure and impolitic.

FRANCE.—FCRI HE& PIOMBITIONII.—The mi-
nister of agriculture and esemerce has add/weed to the
King the follovetog report
ne Customs place a doty en II gamete of oatmeal wad etwewata.
mg their Soar duty ma& pee la order to keep
Ilielawesaws vegesablia Sr ham I Yee to prosow to
poor by ea Beadell et bet of Dae. 17, ISt I, to extend
to the arsissendigidgeogeilisas the proldlilln of export with
regard la petsasee awl dried vegetables on the Mk all.
In enneqnsnee etths report, the King Ire lined the
following twdessesee :
The eapartatias of eateasol awl heel vegetables of every
as well as of elienale thir Inn le Inhibited until therta:f.
nut J•l7.—Viegrif NKr.

SPAIN.—Tea MtruerzY.—A letter from Madrid,
Jan. 26, says—“ Mean. Mon and Armes*, who had been
summoned to the palace, yielding to the Queen's persuasions,
had consented to support the Marctuis de Casa Irojo in his
efforts to form a cabinet. The ministry at that moment con-
sisted of Messrs. Casa Irujo, Mon, Bravo
and Armero. There remained two portfolios to be
disposed of—those of the ministers of war and of the
intense. Casa Irujo and Bravo Murillo would
not consent to the latter post being assigned to M.
Psial. and consequently the ministry of Casa lrujo was dis-
solved on the spot. At • very early hoer this morning the
Marquis de Casa Irujo tutored to the Queen the commagon
with which she had entrusted him for the formation
of the cabinet. At the same time M. Cam Imps ad-
vised her Majesty to send for M. Castro y °roam Mar-
quis de Girone. The Queen immediately caused the mar-
quis to be summoned, and confided to him the duty of
forming a cabinet. The Marquis de Chrome's first step
was to consult with Messrs. Pacheco and Bravo Murillo.
At present the Marquis de throne is at the Palace.
There in a report that he is to offer to her Majesty the choice
between two programmes—the one of concession, the other
of resistance. The first, it is said, has been suggested by M.
Pacheco, sad the latter has for its author M. Bravo Murillo.
At the time of the courier .starting, it is not known to
which of these schemes her Majesty will give the preference.
In the absence of a ministry. M. &kiss, who presided in
the Chamber of Deputies to-day, dissolved the sitting."—
Pandord.

GERMANY.—PELCSSLI, BERLIN, J.N. 22.—The
king has transtaiatd to the civic authorities 10,WO d., the
expenses of the court fitea usual at this season, but omitted
this year. This money is to be impartially distributed to the
poor, of every religious party. At the same time the king
has intimated to the authorities that two grand balls will be
given in the coarse of February, at the opera and the theatre,
for the benefit of the poor. A mode of relief by bread-
tickets, similar to that used in Paris is also in operation here.
It has been a police regulation hitherto that all potions on
leaving prison must find some honest occupation within 24
hdqrs; bat this term is now extended to three days, on
eticoant of the scarcity of employment —Al:gelatine Zeirieng.
- - - - •

- - -
SaIONT.—In the sitting of the Second Chamber,
a royal decree relative to the price of provisions stood in the
order of the day. As the chambe rs did not desire the reading
of the detailed supplement to the decree, the Minister of
State observed that toil supplement contained a sta•ement of
the state of provision_ according to information obtained by
the ministry from the whole country. He felt himself in
duty bound to adit that the state of things had undergone
some changes dunng the last few weeks, inasmuch as the
prices of corn hadagiun risen. and, therefore, the state of the
came called for more attention than before. He mentioned
these circumstances, es it would be an additional ground to
the chamber to give their atUntion to the question.
POST REFOILII.--Ecen Germany feels the pres-
sure of the times, and • letter from Prague empresses
the wish of many for improvements in posting. One
of the greatest difficulties is found in the number of eeparate
iuterestv connected with German pnitage. Austria has
taken the initiative in reform, by reducing levers and post-
charges to two principal classes, thus making s .me valuable
approach to the simple and desirible penny post-
age of England.—Ailyeneeine Zeitung, Jan. 27.

AMERICA.—The total number of enlistments for
the term of fire yearn, made in the regular army during
the year aniline September 30, 1346, is 5,94. i. The
number of enlistments made is the regular array davit.;
the months of October, November, and December,
eras probably 1,900. The total somber enlisted from
October 1, 1845, to December 31, 1316, is 7,74.5. In the
official report of the Secretary at War, of the 6th December,
tba fact wu stated that " the greater inducements to enter
for short periods [in the volunteer regiments for the term
of one year only] account for the want of better success
in recruiting for the regular army."

REMITTANCES TO IRELAND.—A correspondent of the
Near York Journal of Commerce gives an account of the
colleetioos made among the Irish emigrants in favour of
their brethren at home. lie says : " Last week I called on
all the houses in this city who give Instil drafts on Ireland,
to ascertain how much money the labouring Irish had sent
home during the whole year of 1846, and how much within
the last sixty days. I found the amount remitted in small
drafts for 1846. was 808,000 dolt, of which there went during
the last sixty days, 17.5,000 dole. These remittances are sent
to all parts of Ireland, byesery packet throughout the year."
COMMERCIAL INTELLIOENCE.—NEV YORE, JAN. 8, Two
P.M.—Cotton : sales 600 bales, priers still tending upwards.
Flour steady, at 3 dots. 25c. for N. 0., S dol.. 25e. to 37 dots.
for southern, and 6 dole. 44e. to 66e. for all sorts of
western, though with moderate sale. Corn: 2,500 bu•hets
new southern yellow corn at 72e. No change in grain of
any sort. There was a good demand for New York dairy
buret, at 12e. to 1•5 e.; store, 10e. to 12c.; good lard of this
state sold in Ws. at Sc. per lb. Pork : 250 bbls. prime at
9 dots, 200 mess at 10 dots. 50e., and further buyers. There
is a fair business in sterling bills at 5 to ii, and in francs at
5,43 f. Freights steady. Evening —Sales of cotton for the
day, 750 bales. 3,500 bushels new Jersey yellow corn, at
72e.; white at the suite, and 2,000 old southern heavily, at
70e. to 71c. All the black-eyed peas have been shipped that
ould be bought at 1 dol. 874 e.

COLONIAL.
CAPE OF GOOD HOPE.

As was announced in yesterday's Express, the ship
Briibam brings journabi from Cape Town to the 7th, and
from Graham's Town to the Ist of December. From the
former place there is no intelligence of any consequence.
The most important from the second relates to the adjourned
public meeting of the inhabitants of Albany, at Graham's
Town, to agree to a memorial to the borne government, pre-
pared by their committee, and take into consideration the
appointment of • parliamentary agent: the manorial
recapitulates rapidly the history of Albany from it&
first colonization by Government in 1320. Upon this re-
view they rest the following requests .
Tbat petitioners deem It important to bring order the especial
notice of her Majesty's government the public roaniketo by the
goveraor of the colony, . Peregrine Maitland, on theirraillg war
against the Kaffir bites, In which it is emphatically deem= that
the conduct of the eAonists has been fro proachable, and that tot
even in a solitary instance base they committed any art hem=
the Kaffir. which can serve am • plea or en muse for the deep and
widemptead injuries committed up= them by that people. That
petitioners would now humbly, and at the same time with the
earnestness of those who feel themselres to be upon the very Minh
of irretrierable ruin, implore that their me may acme all that con-
sideration to which they submit o is so unquestiottably entitled, and
which they are persuaded la alone required to secure them that suc-
cour and redress they now seek at the hands of their governorate.
Petitioners urge then cams with firmness and confidence, from a
conviction that While their country bas power to restrain violence,
to pan= crime, and to redress wrmg, it has at the acme time in
mare mercies a =position to relieve and raise up mil as are cast
down by public eel:midge, whin( from mute, beyond their emu=
and against whirls they had no means of providing as effectual se=
guard. That petitiooere hare now set forth and shown in this their
petition, that the occupation or settlement of this district be its pre-
sent inhabitants cos • n.cesun of the government, whose views in
this respect the petitioners bare done all that is them bey to promote;
that accordingly, amidst many severe Irian end &Sean= they
succeeded in raising the 00.112C17 to a high mate of pros-
perity, as may be mimed from the mink= act that, at the very
period when the present war conuomed, the experts of raw produce
to the parent country hem this prommee 11160011 tali for the preceding
quarter to 64,762 L, of which 33,3341. was kr wool Mee. The =-
prats for the semi period of British goods Wag a the estimated vane
of 35,4561., es shown by the official return. of her Majesty's oak=
at Port Elanheth for the period =ad That petitioners hem further
shown that they have used every eonstitenicaal means to
bring their aerial situation under the notice both of the local
and imperial governineets ; they have peered, by the testimony
of the green= of the rothey, that they are entirely
guiltiest a any act that could provoke the sionseeinno
reads upon them; they have adduced evidence to show
that their =Mar bare been unheeded, and that all their
abets continued, daring many socomaive mass, to avert the threat-
en= danger, have been entirely unproductive of good—neither bone.
brief to themselves individually, nor to the country at large. That
petitioners humbly retement that all them saes: woos, and every
other saner the have set forth in this petition, they are prepared to
sabotantine by mAnbimole prod lance they come befare their
goverment end their wintry with the confidence impend by
soneamis artnude, as well se with fell reliance ea the Molt=
juniete et theft. we. They plead their past seafaring., and
they paint to their farm pauper= They mit he preen=
relief, and for future security, and they await with the
anxiety of those hthe meet et interests me at stake,
the result of this appeal to the sondeleration, =Mice, and humanity
of her Majeety's governosent. Paitionses, therebee, humbly pray
that thetr whole we, Minding the Kaffir wee ef 1834-4, may be
taken into immediate mod wart conlitimatiesa, and that they may
be awarded that ractothemetka he their Bethel Mee to which, on
every princiel4 of reason and equity, they are justly entitled. Bat
that, as from the condom/co af the wag no accurate ream= the
imee sustained by the inhabit:nate sea be made, and as these hitherto
incurred, founded on the ben eskohnions, "mot be lose in mom/
than 500,0001., your petitions= numbers of Mom are ruined mat
destitute, implore that such meadery Maims may la the mm
time be afforded them as may =kw their pram= onerwhenning
amities, and place them in • meta= to MINI= Mk he ann.
pitions. . .

- -
The appointment of a pnliamentaay agent meets with
general concurrence, but may be retarded by the ditferznees
of two local parties, who appear to be at issue on the ques-
tion how the funds for procuring his services may best be
raised and administered.

(From the Cope Frontier Timea, Dec. 1.)
FRIDAY, Nov. 27.—Received news from Colonel Somer.
sat's division. This officer, it appears, has lately captured
1,800 head of cattle beyond the Keuk.smma, killing thirteen
of she enemy, and losing two privates of his owe regiment,
who were not, however, killed in action, but us con-
sequence of seme irregularity of conduct on their part.
A train of mule and hone waggons narrowly escaped
falling into the hands of the enemy, while proceedieg hem
Fort Peddle with supplies for Colonel Somerset's camp.
These waggons were very insufficiently guarded, and when
the convoy arrived at the Keiskamma drift, a large body of
armed Kettles were seen on the opposite side, who dazed them
to advance, and then the waggcuts were hastily driven heed
to Fort Peddie, where they arrived safe. This might bow
bee., a little Burn's Hill affair. The rule of ezperientia
docet soma without application here. We are sorry to
learn that two out of three messengers employed to bring
dispatches to his excellency from the government agent in
Kreh's country, Mr. W. Fyn°, were shot by a party el
Burghers as they were crowing the Kei, being taken, it is
supposed, for hostile Kaffi es.
iI:IIBDAT.—We are sorry, bat not surprised, to learn that
Sir A. Stockenstrom has resigned his appointment of com-
- '--s-oeneral of the Singh,' deem We have received

copies of the resolutions latiely paned at a public meeting
hdd at Fort Beaufort on the subject of raising a parliamen-
tary agent fund, which want of space prevents us from
publishing this week. The names of the branch committee
chosen to carry t purpose into effect are Mews. B. D.
Bell, R. J. Painter, A. White, W. T. Cope. and W.Stantoe.
The Brilliant arrived at Port Elizabeth on Thursday last,
having on board for government 40,0001. and stores.

VAli DIEMEN'S LAND.
Launceston papers to the 20th of September hare
come to hand. The estimates brought before the legislative
assembly proposed considerable reductions in the whole of
the salaries paid to the government officers, and these
reductions have been speedily confirmed by the resolutions
passed on the occasion. The grain markets were still firm
at the late improvement.

WESTERN AUSTRALIA.
The Seems Ricer News (t valuable compendium of
intelligence from this colony. published periodically in Lon-
don), supplies us with the following information relative
to the recent discoveries of minerals is this region of the
great southern continent .
We ham been Illivourol with oommenicaticess tram Me J. Stir.
ling (the are goveraor d the coloayl. Mr. T. IL C. Wale" and Yr.
A. Acuson, announcing disooverks of mineral* by their reePeetin
correspondents. Sir lames Stirling's MUMS Worse him that traces
of a mine of copper er lead, or hens, have ben dinsorerad on Ma
Wcodbridge ranee, nit se ladice•kma el sod; oho. that en
bat eighteen ar Meaty dies bon
rilridr"loVd, • mine at tin, with • lane preptation et Over,
has been dmecommel: This letter is Res Mr. Abraham Jame,
of Woodbridge, and is dated " 15th et Septinehr," teens Gail&
lord. Kr. Sissta• whin ender elate Sepsamber 13th,"1
• We are non in • state of great excitement remeethag sainerain
good specimens et the arm of copper and tin being band: and gnat
hopes are entertained of the cool innien^ Kr. Waken' leans
ammence the dinavery of copper on the greet of Kr. Lakin, at the
Toop, sheet 12 yr la si4a .std Mir. Davey s grant ; and on
Mr. Dmpster's, 6 ar T mike north of it, cee supposed to he al tin ar