The Express.
London, England, 1847-09-28 00:00:00

PROVINCIAL

A CHARGE OF MURDER was brought against an
operative brewer at Manchester yesterday. The prisoner's
name is Thomas Cawley, but he is better known as Thomas
Porter. He is charged with having kicked his wife, in con-
sequence of which she died almost immediately. He had
left the unfortunate woman his week's wages to go market-
ing with, and on his return home at night he found her
drunk, having spent the money. In his passion he com-
mitted the offence., and then gave himself up to the police.
Evidence was merely gone into to establish a prima facie
case, and the prisoner was then remanded till an inquest has
been held on the deceased.
Two DEAD BODIES FOLIND.—OU Saturday, some
men were walking along the beach between Formby and
Crosby, about five miles from Liverpool, when their atten-
tion was directed to the dead body of a man which was lying
in the water, close to the shore. The deceased was very re-
spectably dressed, and appeared to have moved amongst the
middle class of society. fhe sum of 51. 10s. G.l. in gold and
silver was found in his pockets, and also a silver lever watch.
About six yards further on the body of another man was
(Jund by the same parties. The latter was dressed in some-
thing of tho garb of a sailor or ship carpenter. A sailor's
knife was band in the pocket, but no money. There were
not any marks of violence upon either of the bodies, but
there woo considerable discoloration, caused by the length of
time they had lain in the water. They both seemed to be
about the middle height and age, and it was supposed that
they had been drowned during the late gales.
THE REJOICINGS AT KNOWSLEY.—On Saturday
the numerous children who are receiving instruction at tho
schools on the Earl of Derby's estate assembled, by invita-
tion. at Knowsley-hall, and were plentifully supplied with
old English cheer. They subsequently walked in procession
through the grounds, and d owed a country dance on the
green. The band of the l'ensioners was present during the
whole of the afternoon, end played a variety of airs and
marches. The cricket match between the noblemen and
gentlemen staying at the hall and the Edge-hiliCricket Chet
has been postponed.
NORFOLK.
JENNY LIND IN NOEWICIL—Three concerts, at
which this extraordinarily gifted vocalist ban appeared, were
given in this city on Wednesday, Thursday, and Saturday
last, and caused the greatest excitement. St. Andrew's
Hall was filled on each occasion. On Saturday, when
Messrs. Hall and Smith reduced the prices of admission to
10s. Gd. and 55., more than 2,500 persons took advantage of
the opportunity. The receipts of the three concerts were
about 3,500/. out of which there will he about 1,4001. profit.
The terms of' Mdlle. Lind's engagement were 1,0001. for the
two evenings and 2001, for the Saturday morning concert.
On Mr. Hall's waiting en her with a cheque for the amount
she expressed her unwillingness to take it all. Sho said the
prices had been lower than at any other place (which was ix
consequence of the representation of some of the patrons),
and she was sure that they could not make so much by her
as they ought; and she insisted on returning 2001. She
would Lave added 501. to this, to pay for the extra expense
they had incurred, in consequence of her not being able to
appear at the rinse announced, but Mr. Hall would not
accept it. In addition to this munificence Mdlle. Lind left
2001. with the bishop, at whose palace she had been enter-
tained during her stay, to be distributed amongst the chari-
ties of the city.

HERTFORDSHIRE.
ATTEMPT TO MURDER AN OLD MAN.—A few
nights since an old man named Henry Bodsworth spent his
evening at a public-house at Beechwood-green, and on the,,
house being closed at the usual hour, either !tan drinking too
much, or from fatigue, he went into a cart-shed at the beck
and laid down on some straw. Shortly aft,r two men entered
who had been drinking in the Fame house, and had seen
Bolsworth change a sovereign. They immediately assailed
him in the moat brutal manner with a heavy bludgeon, with
which they beat him over the head till the blood issued most
copiously, and he was almost senseless. He, however,
a managedweret
wen...watt in,tfelfborrigeofi,eldnar
tiiumtea hundred
by his ts.
In this 11.1 d were marks of men's shoes, and about a quart
of coagulated blood, between a number of bricks and the
hedge where the old man was thrown, the villains no doubt
supposing he was dead. Inspector Good, from certain in-
formation which he had received, apprehended two men,
named Thomas Hide and James Claridge, who were kept
apart, one at Whitwell, and the other at Stevenage. Upon
examining the clothing of Claridge, marks of frc,h blood
were found. lie accounted for this by saying that his nose
had been bleeding. Similar marks were found upon the
clothing of Hide, and, upon being shown Hide, Itodsworth
at once identined him as being the man who iofi cted the
wouncls,and he stated that Claridge knelt on his body during
the time. After so cruelly treating the poor fellow, his as-
sailants took from him all the money he had about his
person. The prisoners will not be examined till Wednes-
day next (to-morrow).
---------

GLOITESTERSUIRE.
WRITS FOR BRIBERY are said to hare Leen issued
by the legal agents of the lion. Craven Berkeley against
several of the most active supporters of air Willoughby
Jones.—Chelletiltani LooIer•on.

LITERATURE.
Social Economy and Finances. By Ax Ex-MixisrEs.
fltuttgard.
We are induced to return to M. de Cuncrin's
volume, chiefly in the hope that many who ere of
opinion that theories arc very harmless things, and
have little weight with practical men, may take this
as an instance of the tate of a large portion of the
globe having received a deep shade of gloom from the
carrying out of theories therein acknowledged and set
forth. The Minister of the Finances is, in all despotic
countries, the highest functionary, and in Russia ho
might have been omnipotent, if he had proved succees-
ful. Notwithstanding the apparent reckless expen-
diture of the court, and the exhausting drain of the
Turkish, Polish, Persian, and Circassian wars, the
resources of Russia are so enormous that the national
credit might easily have been supported. But this
undertaking suppose! a due appreciation of the re-
sources that the minister can command. Of these
the people are the most essential. That the revenue
was likely to gain by raising the moral condition of
the Russian serf, and giving him liberty to exert his
faculties at will, evidently never crossed the minis-
ter's mind. He thinks serfage a very comfortable
condition, and would probably have stared, had any
one whispered in his ear that free men are better
able to pay higher taxes than serfs, for the simple
reason that their earnings are usually greater.
Serfage (Iribelgenschaft) le • less oppeeseive conditina, for the serf
in the country is a free labourer on the days when he to, no villain's
work to do. The town serf is in a different {,`llion as a household
nervant, but he enjoys a kind of freedom from care which, with the
majority, coffee, to dispel any mat anxiety for a change; end, in
liusaia, ouch reckon themselves above the rank of ordinary peasants.
in general, every condition must be in some measure tolerable, if It is
to be of duration; and, without wishing to defend the cause of
slavery, it cannot be denied that serfage is not the worst of human
condttinns. The Russian serf Is, beyond an comparbon, in a better
condition than the Livonian peasant Irina he °Maimed his freedom,
and has become a farmer. There are also cirannstances under which
people may be called half free. Such are domestic service, when the
menials have no spoor time; the colliers in many lands, for Inst-moo
fn Prussia, where • roan has a house, gods no, and grazing right, on
the condition of working whenever it is required, sometimes paying
a mall sum in addition. _ - .

de Cancrin gives us an idea of the agricultural
resources of Russia, by quoting an instance of one of
those immense estates which supply the export
markets when foreign demand suffices to pay for the
carriage of the produce to the sea. In his classifica-
tion of land for agriculture he points out the inutility
of seeking to reduce the soil, where it is abundant and
luxuriantly fertile, to regular cultivation.
parturage la found Is the steppe+. of Ransil and Hungary.
The cattle are out at grass the greater t of tin year, and ermain
out day and night. Previa. of hay i however made for the winter
and there aro inclosures into which the cattle are driven In bad
weather, snow donna, fee. On one estate in the lower part of the
government of lekaterinaslaw, consisting of 132,000 hectares of
black steppe-land, to two divisions., of which 32,000 &Oates are a
hollow in the valley of the Dnieper, that is flooded in the spring; the
wrorzie4o.rankqerbouset,ooo 100 I,ferinwl :fahr7; AngoraeZtue.
egogi,,, 500 honer,
dues
not esoml 2,500 males, located in dithreut farms, including the
herdsmen. 405,000 cwt. of hay is harvested. Wheat it ao abundant
that it to not worth more than four francs the hectolitre.
Taking things as be finds them is the minister's
forte. Ile never inquires what the result of the free
labour of 2,500 males might be if applied to cultivate
132,000 hectares with proper implements, and conse-
quently makes no calculation as to the manner in
which the national wealth might be augmented by
exporting the surplus produce, and exchanging it
for the products of other countries. He expressly
rejects the notion of men having progressed from a
state of untutored wildness, when they supported
themselves by hunting and fishing, and gathered the
fruits of the spontaneous growth of nature, until in-
creased numbers drove them to invent the civilised
arts, and caused them to put forth their power by
threatening them with the worst of evils. M. de C.
professes his belief that the inhabitants of the valley
of the Don and the Dnieper were born cultivators of
grain, as the Samojedes were born to fish and gather
mosses. From the juxtaposition of the following
passage with the text, it would mem as if =le were
even born bargemen :
In a tare ar north-m Swept the pearazt l• at the
as
time • sal itemise be othseetse_ „Osseo an 'wriest
ea we Labe la ths goi aammtipaipp
broken tisk. la Ws assamst a Mae hi the mu at
the
Mater le sow Meg gr ea theimrsCian
asa a.,
th Veal smemaem• mass
•
numerous hely Ipmemm, essesadiange rmib I, as
with the Um, whisk Sae yearns W 'The
Mt.
Berta ban tams he Is wayex Os Wales by/ arms elf
illemsballa weal to
ausinelL
=eles
much fartherZa m are not
agriculture :
ree meet wwwieretice employment of the roil for the national
welfare is evidently that foe whkh it Is Mat suited, prevail,' ea well

as epecielly. These qualities are sometime* difficult to specify, as
climate local and chivn mai ch.menta mingle and sometime. ccon•eract
each other. To force the wail to other hods of cultivation than that
to which it is suited can only succeed under peculiar etreumstances.
Thus, In fateland, the corn laws favour the amversion of mil/relent
griming land, by dint of great outlay, tato curs land.
The natural facilities of every country are the pri-
mary considerations in all industrial calculations.
There is as little use in a contest between a country
of moist climate and meagre soil with the fresh lands
of better climes, respecting the growth of corn, as
there is between countries whose resources are alto-
gether agricultural, and such as have the elements of
manufactures in abundance, respecting the working op
of cottons and woollens. But M. de Cancria's theory
f manufactures and commerce differed extremely
from that here applied to agriculture. Russia, under
his management, has expended far larger sums (taking
the impost. levied on the consumer in creating arti-
ficial factories, where the circumstances are not suited
to them, into account) than England ever did iu
forcing the soil to produce wheat
But considering the lamentable state of the roads
in the pater part of Russia, perhaps few of the
theories atlas ex-minister will be more deplored by
the Bemis= Asa the allowing :
Mem tseespeo deo* am essential mesas of production,
am* ass Msesimsel m ass scat or direct production, nor can any-
Pthing* gie witlinet due esanalnation. The patm pro-
In mak bellangs, and railroads, must be submitted
ailininlies Win selthemge to these polite. Somebody once ac-
t* eies Immiberbin the absurd project or • •anal from
ttreit =de Oa Dank le helots ileums Int) conneektn with the
DM, le amble mile math last ladle by the Onus (Amor Darts). At
brit abaht Me peefed w eut a said meal acmes the Damns of Pa-
lmas Is se emeirregent case, mid It Is e•ay to encourage the
homy Mineralog w railroads beyond what I. advantageous to
laspassei. In NcetbAmenes sad Frame, canalisation seems
=LM pater foe the ash limey ha questioned wnether the
el Niemen the Diatribe and the Maine) will repay the
satkr.
Means of communication tell in all countries in two
ways. They may or may not directly remunerate
those who construct them. But they cannot well fail
to servo the population that uses them. Instead of
being any where a mere consequence of increased
production, they constantly take the lead, and produc-
tion follows when it is found with the aid of such
facilities to be remuberative.
We find, in short, in the whole work scarcely a
principle set forth that cannot be traced in its work-
ings through the whole of M. de Cancrin's ministry.
This volume records the notions of finance and of
government on which the commercial policy of Russia
for the last twenty years has been founded, and which
have tended much to retard the progress to wealth
both of the country which adopted them and of those
which had trading connexions with her.

SURREY Trtnarnr--- This theatre opened for the
season last night, under the management of Mr. Bunn. In
a somewhat grandiloquent programme, it was announced
that, " in consequence of the two national theatres, Drury-
lane and Cnvent•garden, of which be had for many years
had the management, having both pasted into the hands of
foreigners, he had entered into an arrangement with the
lessee of this theatre, whereby he had become its sole
manager ; that he would bring forward every variety of
attraction, especially all the popular productions of his recent
management ; that the artistes whose talents had so long
contributed to the public entertainment, at Drury-lane
especially, had, at the sacrifice of every consideration [what,
without salaries ?I, consented to devote their services to the
furtherance of Mr. Bunn's views ; and the list would alto-
gether comprise a phalanx of names never before attempted
to be brought together in such an undertaking." It
is added that ' there will be no advance of
prices, but the free list will be altogether done away
with, as it would be en insult to make any gen-
tleman a present of 2s. to the hose', la. to the pit, and
6.1. to the gallery." The opera of last evening was "The
Bohemian Girl," a piece which, thoroughly hackneyed and
worn threadbare as it is, has not lost its freshness on the
other side of the river. The house was excessively crowded;
so much so that the earlier scenes of the opera were rendered
inaudible by the loud outcries of the dense mass of people
pressed together is the space behind the boxes. When the
uproar had lasted a considerable time, the malcontents were
informed that those who desired it should have their money
returned, en offer of which many persons availed themselves,
and the house then became comparatively quiet. The part
of the Bohemian girl was performed by Mine Romer, who
acted with considerable force, but wanted the quiet
and lady-like dignity by. which Miss Rainforth, the
original heroine, gavo importance to the character.
Miss Romer sang with a fall and powerful voice, but her
execution lacked refineta ant, and her intonation, when she
overstrained her voice, sees often very questionable. Her
best effort was the popular ballad " I dreamt I lay in marble
halls," which was received with great applause. Dir. Harri-
son, as heretofore, was the hero. He sang much as usual,
with an addition to the nasality of his tone, and to the draw-
ling prolongation: of his notes. However, his whole per•
formance, nasal tones and all, was very acceptable to the
audience, and his "R:member me " was vociferously
encored. The other principal parts were performed by Mr.
Borrani, Mr. Rafter, Mr. Horne:tulle, and ?din Isaacs. The
choruses were coarse and confused ; and in the orchestra, the
big drum and brazen instruments were so overwhelming,
that an occasional squeak was all that was audible from the
violins. A large portion of this opera is made up of spectacle
—dancing. processions, and pageants—these were well got
up, and had a good effect ; and some of the scenery was
exceedingly pretty. When the curtain fell, the performers
were called tor, and then there was a demand for Mr. Bunn,
who came forward, and said some words which we did not
catch, but which seemed, from certain pantomimic flourish •
logs with his hand on his person, to be expressions of heart-
felt gratitude.

IiEATII OF MADAME ALBERTAZZI.—This favourite
vocalist died on Saturday morning at her residence in St.
John's Wood, aged 35. Iler health, which had been de-
clining for along time, ended in • rapid consumption. Madame
Albertaxzi made a most successful &hut at her Majesty's
Theatre in " Cemerentola," April 19,1837. After that she
sang at the Ancient and Philharmonic Concerts, and in
1810 she appeared at Drury-lane in the opera of " La (lama
Lades," and was eminently succeasful. She was also en-
gaged at the Princess's Theatre, but her voice was then failing
fast. Her maiden name was Howson, and her father was •
music master. She was married to Albertazri at sixteen
years of age.