The Express.
London, England, 1851-08-04 00:00:00

PORTUGAL.

Tho Oriental Company's steam pocket Montrose,
Captain John Bowen, arrived at Southampton yes-
terday, and landed her mails under the charge of
Lieut. E. I'. Jorge, lt.N., Admiralty agent. Her
dates are :—Gibraltar, 25th July ; Cadiz, 26th ; Lis-
bon, 29th ; Oporto, 30th; Vigo and Corunua, 31st.
Our correspondent writes as follows:
LISBON. JULY 29.
The weakness of Saldanha in moving the ministry
in consequence of eabralistra demonstration, is still felt;
that is to say, the encouragement it gave to that party has
caused them still to go on in that bold career which augurs
unfavourably for the peace of the country. They have
used every means to neutralise the first operation of the
electoral decree, the choosing of the commissions to prepare
the lists ; and in many places their intrigues have been so
successful, that the operation is illegal. Ministers must

therefore wait for the report from every part of the country,
and to those places where thecommitisiona have luen tsar

properly elected, a remedy must be applied, so as to defeat
the intrigues and cause a new election of commissions
in accordance with the decree. The party is exulting at
the result of their first endeavours, but taking, us far as
yet can be ascertained, the result of the first operation as a
whole, it is quite unfavourable to the views of the Cabrals,
which makes them incline again towards violence, as a
means to obtain an end. The letter of Silva Cabral, which

informedruseuuld ronly be published here after it had

been introduced in a furi•ign 'garb, has appeared in l'ortu-

guese, having been, as you are aware,‘l;ublished in the
Times. It speaks the sentiments of that party only, and so
fur from speaking the sentiments of any 'other party or

even elms 'in theitation, I do most confidently ustMre'you
that if a traveller were to traverse the country from the

Traz-os-Montcs to Cape St. Vincent, and ask ecry person
he should meet how he liked the electoral decree,

the answer would he, " Extremely well." In fart, it i;
the only thing that binds the people to the government.
in the midst of such manifest indecision and vacillation,

There seems to be a disposition on the part of the ministry
not to yield anything to the desire of Cabralism ; but it
does not 80 much depend upon them us a body, us upon
Saldanha individually ; and there is no telling from day to
day what sudden gust of wind may blow hint into a humour
or fright to go to the Palace and resign, and by so doing
light the Mame of a civil war, which nothing but foreign in-
tervention could extinguish. When I acquainted you of the
appointment of the ministry, I expressed a doubt as to the
acceptance of office by the Bishop of Algarve. I was
quite right ; he arrived on the 'Nth. and after several con-
ferences it is said he steadily persists in refusing office. Ile
is a good man, and his talents and qualifications render
him the fittest man to contend with the Court of Rome in
the matters which arc yet pending between that court and
Portugal. By the bishop's refusing office, the ministry may
be said to be again disorganised, and a re-composition ne-
cessary.
It is even said that with the Marquis of Louie in the
cabinet, the Scptembristas throw their whole weight into
the government scale; but otherwise their opposition
might cause the government a defeat, and produce a
ministry wholly Lot that party which, from its prin-
ciples, is said to be unpalatable to certain foreign govern-
ments. This, of course, relates to their former call for
abdication. On this subject they have explained them-
selves : they say they only desired abdication whilst the
Queen persisted in heading a party ; but now that she has
given up Caliralism and consequently ceases to espouse a
party, and particularly •so odious to the country, they
(the Septembristas) would be among the most forward to
defend:her throne and dynasty.
From Beja we have no particular account, but it appears
that the assassins are traversing the country proclaiming
Cabralism and denouncing all other systems. It is quite
time the career of these monsters should be put a stop to ;
but their impunity manifests that too many Cubralista
authorities, the avowed supporters of assassins, yet remain.
The 11th Regiment, perhaps, will be weeded like the Itith
the latter has discharged near TIO men, and some officers
from other regiments have joined it. This measure appears
to have met the evil. Writers front the Alcmtejo are
afraid to communicate facts to Lisbon, lest the mail should
be robbed and themselves assassinate!, which would infal-
libly be the case. The Ilaron Meaquita went from Evora
to Ma with some cavalry, but the immediate effect of that
was only to cause the assassins to take to their heels. Joa,
quim Bents, now Baron do Zezere, the renowned Colonel
of the Ist Cuiodures, has taken command of the Algarve
(Bth division); and there, as well as in the Aleuffejo, all is
quiet.
A Mr. hardy Instep formerly an ensign in the liberat-
ing army, has submitted to government the plan of a rail-
road from Lichens to the frontiers near to liiidajos ; a com-
mission has been appointed to examine it, which has com-
menced its duties, but nothing has transpired respecting
the plan. There is, I understand, a second proposal
either made, or on the point of !wing made, by the agent of
a deputation who were here 40111 e time ago on the Dann.,
errand. . . _

A commission has been appointed to carry into effect cer-
tain reforms relative to the salt trade, which will benefit
the industrious population of St. Cbcs ; and to form regu-
lations for future observance regarding that staple trade
of the country.
Another commission has been appointed, to inquire into
the complaints arising from ships being obliged to be in a
position in the river, called the " Quadro, with a view
not only to relieve the merchants of a crying vexation, but
at the mine time to propose the adoption of a mode of fica-
lisation which will not prejudice the revenue by encou-
raging smuggling. This commission is one of the most
laudable acts of the Suldanha government.
The new Nliuister of Marine, Fontes Pereira de Mello,
is treading in the footsteps of his predecessor, the Marquis
de Louie, in point of reform and economy. In order to re-
lieve the ultra-marine provinces, a decree has been signed,
suspending all appointments, without vacancies occurring,
unless by special requisition of the Governors-General.
The government has called upon the Receivers-General
to make up their account. and pay over their balances
without delay. Those who do not pay over their balances
arc to be imprisoned, and their effects proceeded against
until they find sureties for the due payment of their re-
spective debits. No man can now consider the revenue
which comes into his bands as his own rental, and apply it
as lie thinks proper. The government is using every Ml•alli
to root out corruption.
It appears plotting still goes on at Elvas, and the dis-
affected military there hold communications with those at
liadajos. The inhabitants take no part in it ; on the con-
trary, they are denoted to the government. A little plotting
has been manifest among a few sergeants of the 9th CILKa
dorm in Lisbon, but the good spirit of the soldiers of the
regiment checked it without difficulty. No farther acts of
political insubordination have taken place.
Pensions have been ordered for payment, to those with-
out consideration fur August 1849 and to those with
special consideration for October of that year, fur the Lis-
bon district.
The courts-martial arc still sitting for the trial of those
implicated in the late revolt.
A vessel, the Don Alfonso, having on board convicts thr
the Prmidios of Africa, left the Tagus a short time ago ler
her destination ; but striking on one of the banks of the bar.
a survey of her became necessary, and she was pronounivd
is a fit state to go to sea ; her captain, however, doulaiii4
it, kept near the shore for some distance, when, finding -In
made 17 inches of water per hour, he bore up for the 'raps
again, where he happily arrived, and has lauded the unfor-
tunate passengers in safety.
The portfolio of justice, refused by the Bishop of Al-
garve, has been offered to several with no better SUCCV•4.
They all consider the present ministry one of transition,
the joining of which might prejudice the election of any
one as a deputy. The post therefore will, it is said, be
still held ad interim by the Minister of the Interior.
The government have taken the opinion of the most
eminent and unbiassed lawyers in the kingdom on Mr.
Croft's case, and they are unanimously in favour of his
claim to the money placed in the public deposit by Ins
father-in-law as his wife's dowry Every act confirms
that Costa Cabral has up to the present time robbed this
gentleman of his wife's fortune; besides the vindictive and
revengeful feeling which is manifest, it yet remains to
be seen what private benefit he derived from the stadia-
tiou. What course the government will adopt is not yet
known, but Mr. Croft may be satisfied he will obtain
the property ; he ought, however, to obtain damages from.
Costa Cabral's ill-gotten riches fur the loss of many years
interest, besides interminable law expenses and vexation'
beyond measure

GERMANY.

AUSTRIA.

The (1409,4, Gazdte gives particulars as follows
respecting the new .luNteiaii loan. This loan is con-
tracted fur tat millions of florins, two-thirds of which
are to be spent in withdrawing from circulation an
equivalent rum in paper money. The loan is to be in
the form of subscription. both is Austria and abroad, at
the rate of 3 per cent., payable in paper or cash,with
a difference of •t or 3 per cent. in the rates of emis-
sion in favour of those accepting payment in paper.
The interest of the loan will be payable in Vienna,
Paris. and Frankfurt.