The Express.
London, England, 1847-05-25 00:00:00

PROVINCIAL.

Lanill,Mlo.4.bra•
Toe OREAT TUNNEL now constructing under Liverpool
by the proprietors of the London and North-Western Rail-
way. extending from the Clarence-dock to Edge hill, has al-
reedy dcbauched at the site of one of the intended stations
of the company, in Byrom-street. Several houses have been
taken down, and the company have also purchased the pre-
mises on each side of the breach thus formed. The work
of excavation is rapidly proceeding, and the tunnel will be
carried forward uader the hill and the mass of houses oppo-
site, the hundreds of 1 ibourers working like moles beneath
the busy multitudes who throng the habitations above them.
The workmen, in clearing the land and digging downwards
on the site of the demolished buildings, have laid bare a
portion of the bed and banks of the old pool which formerly
I bounded the town of Liverpool on two aides. Before they
reached the sandstone rock they dug through a substratum
of ees-sand slightly mined with mud, the banks being of the
stiff, hard clay so common in this district. From the clay
immediately contiguous to the sand-bed they likewise dug
out several roots and stamps of old trees. The pool, it is
well known, opened at the site of the Revenue Buddisp,
formerly the Old Dock. Here it was tolerably wide. But
between Hanover-street and Paradise-street it sullenly
narrowed, turned, and pursued a course nearly in the dines-
lion now taken by Paradise-street Whitechapel, aesi BMW,
street, till it reached Scotland-road, where, at Chaster-
street, it is supposed to have turned, still devious, bereeen
rocky and preci_pitous bias, so the right of Nash- grove,
towards Great Romer-street, whence, WIl rtchmil ir. width,

It Sowed on, at the foot of the Reerton ridge, to Rirkdale, s
j and then joined • stream or brook which ran near the present
Nirkiale Gaol. What may be called ancient Liverpool s'osid
on 41 mound, round the foot of which, on the south and east
aides, this End Bowed from the Mersey.— Lirerpool Albion.
CRUEL IItAVD OM Intuit Ealfiltnarn.—At the police
court, Liverpool, on Friday, much interest was excited by a
ease, in which a poor emigrant was complainant, and a pas-
senger-broker, senger-broker, named Patrick Gormanby, defendant.
information set forth that Patrick Gormanhy, pmmager-
broke r, had, by false representations, induced Daniel Herm-
pan, and three others, to ship themselves for I'ugwash, in
North America, instead of St. John's, New Brunswick, the
place to which they desired to go. Horragan stated that he
lauded in Liverpool on the Ilth of April, and two days after
went to the office at Gurroanby, to inquire if he had • ship
for St. John's, New Brunswick. Gormanby said he had a
vessel, the Sophia, and then asked went es fer the money for
his passage; he replied that his wife, and two young we- I
men,
_who had come, under his protection, from Cork, and
wished to emigrate with him, were outside, and be-
fore
proceeding in the matter, he would inform them. •
Oormanby added that there was no time to be lost, for the 1
ship was to sail that afternoon, at 4 o'clock, and if he did i
not pay hie money then, she would put to sea before he .
could get on board. This was early in the morning, and i
between 9 and 10 o'clock Horragan returned with his I
wife, who enquired or Gormanby whether he had a ship for •
St. John's. He gave her the came answer as her husband,
upon which she paid him 81., the panoge-money for herself I
and her husband. She then brought to the two girl., who I
had come from Cork vith them, and they likewise paid
81. for their passage. The puts then left the office, and
Horragan's wife commenced reading the register ticket, and,
to her dismay, discovered they had shipped themselves for
Pugwash, in Newfoundland. She instantly returned with
her husband to the office, to demand the reame of Gormattby
for shipping them to Newfoundland, when he had agreed
to tend them to New Brunswick. The passenger-broker
laughed at their complaints, and told the unfortunate people
that " they could not go to a better pine than Newfound-
land," that Pugwash was not more than thirty-six hours'
sail from New Brunswick, end they would go from the
former to the latter p ace at a very little expense. Horragan
loudly protest, il against the fraud that had been practised
on him, and desired that his money might be returned ;
this was refused, and he offered to give the broker elOs. if
he would return the passage-monty, an offer which was
likewise rejected. It appears that the veesel was got out of
the dock at eight o'clock on the very morning on which
Hermon and his friends paid their money, instead of four
ticket in the alteration; but returnee. next day disabled.
54.. then remained uutil the 18th in dock. During this
interval complainant repeatedly called upon tiormanby to
have his money restored, but could not find him at home.
On the eight before the vessel sailed, the party despairing
of redeem, went on beard. The vessel encountered bad
weather, and put into Belfast, dismasted. The government
agent stationed there came to visit the ship, and found fifty
p integers on board. She had cleared the Custom-house in
Liverpool fur twenty-nine. Lieut. Hodder, emigration
agent, deposed to h tying been waited upon by several of
the passengers by the Sophia previously to her sailing, all of
whom complained of being shipped by Goramnby for New.
foundlend, although they engaged fur passages to New
Brunswick. He immediately communicated with Our-
manby, and threatened to institute proceedings monist hint
if he persisted in withholding the passage-money from the
poor people. In this case the broker restored the money
(this was prior to his engagement with Horragan, who never
made application to the government agent). The lieutenant
said he had not interfered at the departure of the vessel in
consequence of its clearing Le twenty-nine passengers, and
vessels with a less number of passengers than thirty do not
come within the regulatians under the act of parlia-
ment. Two witnesses were called who proved that there
were fifty adult pmsengers on board when the ship
tailed. Mr. Owen, who appeared for the defeadant, con-
tended that his clicntwas not answerable for this new charge,
which, if proved, must rest with the partite on board who
received the pamengeri. Mr. J. S. D. Wolf, the owner of
the Sophia, declared he was only made aware of the ship-
ment of twenty-five adult passengers. In answer to a
question from Mr. Davenport, he said,—Pugwash was
200 miles from St. John a. Mr. Owen attempted to
show that Horragan had no intention of making • com-
plaint of fraud on the part of Clormenby, in the first in-
stance, but merely wished to get some compensation. He
was proceeding at some length, when Mr. Rushton stepped
him by briefly recapitulating the evidence of Horragan, as
it referred to the transaction at the office. He described
the lane as moat disgraceful on the part of the broker, and
calamitous as it affected poor emigrants. He should fine
Gormanky 101., and deprive him of his license.
eill:ltcn REFong IN MANctiiSralt.—A well-attended
meeting of the committee of the Association for Promoting
a Refrain in the Ecclesiastical Provision for the Parish of
Manchester, was held en Thursday last, at the Town-hall,
Or the purpose of receiving a communication respecting the
erovieion proposed to be made by the chapter of the Colle-
giate Church, for the more efficient ecelmiastieal administra-
tion of the parish. Mr. Reeks verbally reported that he
had received from one of the churchwardens, the copy of an
extract from the minutes of the proceedings of the chapter
of the Collegiate Church, on the 12th inst., which is as
follows:
I. That it is draftable that any surpha which may hereafter wenn
from the property of the collegiate ampler, under the provisions
of the 3rti and Ith Victoria, cap. 113, should be exclaavely de-
voted to the spiritual exigencies of the parish of Manchester.
That the chapter is of opunon that the 67th section of the said act
virtually secures an application of such surplus to this purpose.
The chapter in, neertnelesse willing to use its influence, in con-
junction with the churchwaniene, to put this question beyond a doubt.
2. That the chapter will consent to an arrangereent, by which it shall
be imperative on all canons hereafter to be elected, to hold, together
with their stalls, one of the living. in the gilt of the chapter. within
the pariah of Manchester; and this object, lb. chapter COACCIVW., may
be accomplished by nn addition to their Minutes, with the consent of
their violtor. 3. That the chapter is willing to devote one of their
estates whichi a best suited for building pu (reaming only a
small Interest in it :or themselease to the following objects.- 14.
To secure the ultimate exemption of other churches within the perish
of Manchester from the payment of dues to the mother church. tad.
Of endowing the poorer lirlngs in the gift of the chapter.
Considerable discumion ensued, and the opinion appeared
to be very general, that the amegement proposed by the
chapter was net satisfactory, and should not be accepted as
attaining the objects of the association. Ultimately it was
resolved,—
That the proposition of the chapter to the cburchwanlena is worthy '
of deliberate and serious attention ; and that this meeting hereby re-
solves to adjourn till this day fortnight, that the neon. may be further
considered; and that, in the main time, • deputation from this associ-
ation communicate with Lard Stanley, in re:tremolo the church-
warden.' petition, and the propmitiou of the chapter.
THE Comore Tat erre —A meeting of the committee for
managing this fund is to be held on the Ist June, to consid. r
the propriety of closing the subscription lists, and making
the other arrangements.
REFResENTATIoN OF CLITHEIME.—An address to the
electors was issued on Saturday evening, by M.Wilson, Esq.,
of Eohton Hall, who offers himself fa the representation of
the borough, in place of the present member, E. Cardwell,
Esq., who has announced his intention of relinquishing his
parliamentary connexion with this borough. Mr. Wilson
WAS a candidate for Clitheroe at the general election in 1812,
when he was declared elected, but was unseated after a scru-
tiny. Mr. Wilson is a thorough free-trader, and of generally
liberal opinions. The state of the register induces his friends
to believe his return certain. J. T. IV. Aspinall, of Mytion,
has been spoken of as a candidate.

The following is Mr. Disraela's aildrtzs to the elector' of
this county Gentlemen,—As one of our present re-
spected members does not inteud to renew his offers of ser-
vice at the general election, and as there is now no hope of I
obtaining * succetetor to him in that quarter which would
receive the support of all parties and interests, I beg to an-
nounce my intention, on the dissolution of the present par-
liament, of soliciting your suffrages for the high honour of
becoming one of your representatives. It is now essay
years ago since, in your County-hall, I upheld the cause
of the territorial constitution of England, as the best and
surest foundation for popular rights and public liberty,
imperial power, and social happiness. The maintenance
of the agricultural industry of the country is the necessary
condition of the enjoyment of that constitution; and I
have, therefore, ind,pendently of all other considera-
tions, opposed, during the ten years is which I have
had the honour of sitting in parliament, every attempt
which had a tendency to diminish the numbers and influ-
ence of those classes which are directly dependent on the
land. Influenced ky this principle, I offered, during the
recent assault on our protective system, a faithful, though
fruitless, opposition to that project. What has since occurred
has not, in any degree, changed the conclusions at which I
then arrived as to the scheme of the late administration. The
temporary high price that is stimulated by famine is not the
agricultural presperity whit' I ,wish to witness • while, in
the full play of unrestricted importation, I already recognise
a disturbing cause, which may shake our monetary system
to its centre, and wi.ich nothing but the happy accident of
our domestic enterprise has prevented, I believe, from exer-
cising a very injurious effect oa the condition of the working
classes of Great Britain. Notwithsanding this opinion,
I am not, however, one of those who would counsel
or who would abet, any attempt factiously and forcibly
to repeal the measures of 1846. The leßislatiye
sanction which they have obtained requires that
they should receive an ample experiment; and I am per
suaded, that this test alone can satisfy the nation either of
their expediency or their want of fit..ess. If, however,
as I hold, the result of this great change must be a recon-
struction of our financial system, it will behove the various
classes connected with the cultivation of the soil to be vigi-
lant, that their interests may be adequately represented and
fitly enforced at a crisis when their more compactly organ-
ized rivals will not be oblivious of their claims, or over scru-
pulous in urging them. A domestic affliction precluded me
from being present during the recent debates on the subject
of national education. It is but fair, therefere, that I should
state, that had I been in my place, I should have supported
the measure of the government. I should have done no upon
two grounds—fleetly, that it was • considerable advance
in a right direction ; and, secondly, because the tendency
of that measure ice, not by investing them with any ex-
clusive privileges, hut by securing them a fair occasion for
their exertions, mainly to place the education of the
people in the hoods of the clergy, whom I have ever wished
to see in the van of civilisation, sod occupying their legiti-
mate posts, as guide" and instructors of the people. Al-
though I have always been of opinion that our constitution
in church and state has been • union far more bene-
ficial
to the state than to the church, which, under all cir-
cumstances, must exist and flourish from its inherent prin-
ciple, I shall, at all times, heartily maintain that alliance,
Mew it has become identified with the habits and best

feelings of the people, sod has, for a lung !series of years,
happily secured to ua the blessings alike of orthodoxy and
of religious freedom. For those, among other reason■, 1
thought it my duty to oppose, in 1645, the grant to the Col- 1
lege of Moynooth, leading, as it inevitably and avowedly
did, to the endowment of the priesthood of another church.
I see no reason to regret the opposition which I offered to
that measure, and I hold it to be quite consistent with

an earnest desire to reCure to our Roman Whelk fallow-
sublet* the civil and political equality to which they are
entitled. In the great struggle between pspular principles
and liberal opinione, which is the characteristic of our age, I
hope ever to be found on the side of the people and of the
institutions of England. It is our inatituUons that have
made us free, and can alone keep us so, by the bulwark
which they offer to the insidious encroachments of a con-
venient, yet enervating, system of centralisation, which, if
left unchecked, will prove fatal to the national character.
Therefore I have ever endeavoured to cherish our happy habit
of self-government, se sustained by a prudent diatribution
of tom] authority. For these reasons, lam of opinion that
the right of stspreme controul necyseaty to the doe adminis-
tration of the Poor-law should be exercised by the chief
depository of power in ear ry couror, and that the super-
vision of our paris'.es should ant be entrusted to strangers.
It is unnecessary for me to state, that I shall support all
those measures, tne object of which is to elevate the moral
and social condition of the working classes by lessening their
hours of toil, by improving their means of health, mad by
cultivating their intelligence. Th.-se are objects which it ta
not unpleasing for me to remember I endeavoured, in com-
mon eidth come of my friends. to advance, before they en-
gaged the attention of goverornents, or were supported by
triumohant parliamentary so jorities. It is with these views
that I come forward to solicit your suffrage*. lam
es. ply conscious Loa high is the obj• et of my ambition.
It is the greatest honour that an Englishman can re-
ceive from the hands of his fellow-subjects. But if the
konour be great, I at least know how to appreciate it.
Amid the universal crash of parties, I advent* to claim
your confidence with none of the common-piece* of faction.
I ant not the organ of any section, or the nominee of any in-
dividual. AU that I can offer you is the devotion of such
energies as I possess; all that I aspire to is to serve you as
becomes the representative of a great, un fielded, and his-
toric county, that has achie v. d vast results for cur popultr
liberty, our parliamentary reputation, and our natioaal great-
nees.—l have the honour to remain, gentlemen, your faith-
ful servant, B. Dtstraeti.—Brad. sham, 'Slay 22."
_ WEifICiItELANp.

THE ASSIZES.—ItiIII;;;.;.T;;;iii stated that attempts
have been made in Kendal to remove tau arias to that
town from Appleby, 'shire th-y have always hitherto been
held. The " megintratea, eh rge, landowners anti others,"
of Appleby and that neighbourhood, are atrenuouttly oppo-
sing tone movement, and have prepared a memorial to the
Home Secretary on the sulject. They ground their oppo-
sition to the proposal on the fact+ that the assizes have been
held at Appleby from time i omemorial—tkat the court
houses. the county gaol, and the House of Correction are
situated there—the shrievalty of the county being here-
ditarily vested in tne Earl of Thanet. His lordship,
by ancient custom, lodge" raid entertains the judges
at his own expense, and that, consequently, a re-
moval of the assizes to Kendal would involve the
heavy cost of new courtMnuses, and suitable lodgings
fur the judges. The memorialist, also allege that during
the last live years the average numb r of civil trials front the
Kendal side of the county, has only been at the rate of 11,
and the average numb. r of criminal pros. cutions only 4 each
half year; that Appleby is only distant about 13 miles from
the respective railway station. of Tense, Shap, and Penrith,
and that by the Northern Counties itailway, for which an
act was obtained last year, Appleby will be placed OA a di-
rect line of railway between York and Carlisle.