The Express.
London, England, 1847-01-14 00:00:00

•

These proceedings must strengthen and encourage
the ultra-Montane party, hitherto in a minority in the
canton, and will create. new complications in the con-
federation. It is said that the Vaudois government
refired to allow to pass through its territory the
militia of the Valais, whose aid was demanded by
the council of state of Friburg.
The Vorort had sent federal commi•sioners to
use their good offices with the government of Fri-
burg to moderate its proceedings. In its cantonal
character, Berne had merely taken military precau-
tions to prevent the violation of its territory by the
Jesuitical faction.

Vorort has despatched from Berne a circular
to the cantons, announcing that it has taken the di-
rection of the federal affairs, in which it profeioes an
intention of maintaining in the confederation tho ob-
servance or the laws g •ncral peace and public order,
and of labouring for the common good; that it will
also maintain the independence and neutrality of the
confederation, and relations with foreign powers,
founded on perfect reciprocity; that its attention will
also be directed to the constitutional development of
Switzerland, and to its legitimate progress. Three
assurances, says La Gazelle de Bile, are certainly
better than those which the Vorort of Zurich gave
in 1813.

The Madrid mail of the 6th January was received
in Paris on Tuesday. That being the festival of
Twelfth-day, or Jour des Ruis, the Chambers did not
sit, and the Bourse was closed. A grand reception
took place at the palace, at which the aristocracy of
Madrid and public functionaries offered their felicita-
tions to her Majesty and family.
The report that M. Olozaga would be reconducted
into France, and eet at liberty, was confirmed. El
Espanol observes, however, that the case of M. Olozaga
is not the only one presenting difficulties. Of the
several t,naigres who have been elected to the Cortes,
there is another besides M. Olozuga to whose return
the government is opposed. Lately, the brother of
Don Pedro Gomez de la Serra, elected by the college
of Orense, presented himself, accompanied by General
Forms and MM. Luzuriaga and Cabillo, to the presi-
dent of the council, to apply for the necessary autho-
risation for the return of that deputy. M. Isturitz
answered that he would lay the application before
his colleagues and support it; nevertheless, it was
decided in the council not to grant the necessary
passport.

PARIS, JAN. 12.
Two things principally must have struck you in
the King's Speech ; for the first time the King of the
French made nomention ofthe state of his relations with
England ; fur the first time he mentioned Russia, and
that only from affectation, as the treaty he spoke of is
in itself entirelyinsignificant. If any doubt could have
been entertained that the position of France in its
relations with Europe has been changed by the
recent quarrel between M. Guizot and Lord Pal-
merston, that speech would prove it. As to the
general character of the royal sitting, the speech
is generally applauded by one side or the other.
Such was the case in this instance. But the silence
of the left and left centre were more marked, and
the ministerial majority applauded with more vivacity
than usual, as if obeying a concerted order. En-
thusiasm was the great thing to be got at, and that
was the secret of the additional cheering.
After the sitting, the Deputies of the Left and Left
Centre assembled at the house of M. Odillon 13arrot.
It was there decided that the Opposition would pro-
ceed very cautiously in the question of internal policy,
and the preliminary debate in the bureaux. It
is considered desirable, before a d.cisive step is
taken, to know the tenor of the documents, which
will no doubt be published by the English
cabinet—the more so as M. Guizot has placed
them on the table in an incomplete state. The
schism amongst the members of the Opposition is
unfortunately but too true; it extends, however, only
to a few members, who side with M. Billault, such
as M. de Toequeville, M. Lanjuuiais, and perhaps
M. de Coreelles. Small as is their number, they are
still too many. The seceders declare their intention
of voting with the Opposition, but they wish to form
a corps by themselves. The pretext they give for
their separation is the regret they seem to perceive
in the ranks of the Opposition for the English affi-
ance, and they praise the ministry for having broken
it. The schism is deplorable, and will cause mach
harm. The parliamentary history of France is like
its political history. Civil war weakens opinion, and
enables the enemy to gain the victory. 0

ROME, JAN.. 2.

_ ....
I see advertised in the usual form, and noticed by
the Sped dor, a beak entitled " Christmas in Rome,"
by some reverend American "stranger," whose views
amen and things here seem rather jaundiced, to
judge from the glimpse therein given. Rome cannotbe
understood by a Jonathan fresh from his conventicle.
He cannot appreciate immemorial usages ; no carmen
steculare brings to his ear the periodical mirth of cen-
turies; for him in vein descends from Prieneste and
the Sabine hills the accustomed bagpiper picturesquely
dight, tibieen of the festival ; in vain the grim wild
boar's head (on the shambles round the Pantheon)
exhibits between his tusks the suggestive lemon ; the
milkwhite kid bedecked with red berries hangs
alongside in unappreciated contrast ; and the linen
tunic in which the Roman butcher stands arrayed
strikes not his eye as the exact costume of the old
sacrificial functionary. The chesnut roaster at each
street corner is in vain surrounded by merry cus-
tomers, and beggary itself looks jocular. Such people
should remain to mess at their huge boarding-houses
in the Broadway, eschew the ria sacra, and never know
the twee of a fig-pecker (so to Anglicise thy sweet
name), oh, rare bird bonny beccaftea !
The religious celebrations of the hallowed time
were held with unexampled pomp and solemnity,
with pealing anthem, loud hosanna, wax lights,
frankincense, and innumerable throng. Large alms
were collected for the sufferers of the late inundation,
and the worshippers at the British church, outside
the gate, contributed munificently.
On Wednesday, 20th, Pius IX. mnnnted his horse
and rode off towards Ostia to inspect, personally, the
ravages of the river in the low grounds below Rome.
A Detect group of Roman cavaliers formed the
sovereign's escort, and that day hie Holiness explored
a circuit of 30 miles, giving everywhere orders for
employment, pointing out tracts for drainage, and
raising the wages of the labouring peasantry along
his ride. Some of his equestrian cortege were hard
pushed to keep up with the Pontiff, and, probably,
remember their excursion yet. On that evening the
students of the English college gave, after their
annual dramatic performance, a grand supper in the
library hall to their friends in Rome ; Sir Miller,
Boott Murray, Rev. W. Newman, Revs.O. Ryder and
Talbot, MK Langdale, Radcliffe, Chomley, Petre,
&c., &c. The student painters, sculptors, and archi-
tects of the three kingdoms, to the number of 40, as-
sembled at their Christmas dinner in the great hall of
Bertini ; Prout, pen and ink artist, in the chair.
The students of the university (Sapienza) having
expressed a wish to that effect, the, Pontiff has
granted a new chair of political economy and three
other professorships are in contemplation. Several
obnoxious and jobbing police functionaries were dis-
missed yesterday to begin the year; and nothing
could exceed the numbers and enthusiasm of the host
assembled before the Quirinal palace windows on
Monte Cavallo to wish his Holiness the compliments
of the season. When Pius appeared on the balcony,
the shouts rent the welkin, and as a cloud seemed to
approach, his Holiness put on his hat,and motioned to
the uncovered multitude to do likewise ; the few
drops of rain which had suggested this apparently
trivial kindness were sufficient to intimate deeper
care for their welfare, and no " hatti-sherif" of
eastern romance ever elicited such heartfelt applause.

IMPORTANT OFFICIAL DOCUMENTS RE-
SPECTING THE SPANISH MARRIAGES
AND CRACOW.
We have been fortunate enough to procure the fol-
lowing official correspondence between the French
and English governments on the subjects recently in
dispute between the two courts. We have no need
of pointing out their extreme importance. They were
forwarded by special express by our Paris Cor-
respondent.
SPANISH MARRIAGES,
LOUD DALMBASTWT TO M. BOLITER.
(Extract)
FOUISION-OFPICIS, July 19, 1948.—The candidates for the
hand of the Queen of Spain are reduced to three; namely,
the Prtnre Leopold o' Sue Coburn, and the two sons of
Don Francimo de Paula. I omit Count Trapani and Count
Monteniottn, u there appear. to be no chance of the choice

falling upon either of than. As between the three candidates
above-mentioned, her Majesty's govcninvint have only to
express their sister,' wish that the choice may Edl up m the
one who may be most likely to secure th, happitte,s of the
queen, and to promote the welfare of the Spaoish nation.

M. OVIZOT TO TIIR COMTE DE JattNAe.
(Private.)
VAL DC RICHER, JULY 2U, Pl46.—The marriage of
the Queen of Spain is the only question between England
and France which is at present important, and may become
perplexing. Let us cut short this perplexity. You were
perfectly right in affirming that the sons of I). Francisco de
Paula suited us. They are Bourbons, descendants of
Philip V., Spanish princes, which is a real advan-
tage. We have no objection, nor have we ever made
any, against them. We only left them aside because
Queen Christina, the young queen and her government de-
clared that they rejected them. We have supported by
avowal, and on the first suggestion of Lord Aberdeen, the
candidateship of the Comte de Trapani, only because, among
the descendants of Philip V., he was then almost the only
possible candidate. Quern Christina wanted Idea. This
idea obtained for the Queen of Spain the acknowledgment
of the court of Naples. We should have supported it by
as we always have done, that every other dens ndant
of. Philip V. would suit us likewise. Now the Comte de Trapani
appears to meet with much resistance in the popular opi-
nion of Spain. Queen Christina appears no longer willing
to accept him she almost denies having thought of him.
The Infants, ions of Don Carlos, and especially the Comte
de Montemolin„ are in the minds and on the lips of many
important persons both in and out of Spain. They would
procure for the Queen of Spain the acknowledgments of '
the Northern courts. For our own part, remainieg still
fiithful to our principles, we should not object to it.
But those who are most favourable to this combination
declare that it would not be possible (and even at this
price they consider it to be very difficult) unless the Conde
de Montemoliuo should &ban lon his pretensions, acknow-
ledge Isabella, reassume in her court the rank of infant of
Spain, and avail himself of this title to make proposals of
marriage to her. New the Conde de Montemolino has
done, and seems disposed to do. nothing of the kind. Such
a combination is not, then, for the present, possible. At
Madrid they still speak of the Due de Montpensier. Over- I
tures have been made to Prince Leopold of Coburg. We
reject both these ideas, as we did from the first. Our policy
is perfectly open, steady, and consistent. We wish neither
to place a French prince on the throne of Spain, nor to see it
occupied by any prince not of the house of Bourbon.
These difficulties, these impossibilities, successively tnani-
rested and felt, bring again before ua the sous of Don Free. I
dace de Paula. Queen Christina and the cabinet of Madrid
seem a little lees decided against them. They are agreeable
to England as well as to us. Let us then enter, jointly with
England, on the course now newly open to us. Let us order
our mgents at Madrid to act in concert favourably to this II
combination. Let the Queen of Spain marry which of the
two Infants she prefers. Lot the queen, her mother, and
her ministers, direct her choice at their pleasure towards one
or the other. Either will be welcome to Paris and Lon-
don. This great question would by this means
soon come to a settlement, and • definitive one
and the good understanding between France and England
would by such a solution be att:nded with infinitely more
advantages for the tranquillity of Spain and the establish-
ment of the constitutional monarchy, than could arise from
any other combination, for the present impossible, and which
it would be necessary to wait for 'my long without even a
certainty of ever attaining it. If the English cabinet
approves and adopts this policy, we are ready to act in con-
cert with England, in order to put it efficaciously in practice.
I shall not enter into particulars at present. When we are
agreed as to principle, we shall easily agree in what concerns
the mode of action.
1. sa. OVIZOT TO COUNT DE FLARAULT.
(Private Extract.)
Antartt., JOLT 4, 18-12.—The two infanta, eons of
Dom Fraacis de Paula, have been brought back to Spain.
They have not been allowed to take the ordinary road
through France. We are assured that their return to Spain
is not connected with any project of marriage, and, indeed,
I think that for the present all thought of any marriage what-
ever is indefinitely adjourned by the Spanish government.
But the infanta havebeen conducted home to Spain evidently I
for the purpose of having them ready at hand in ace of
need. This solution is possible, perhaps probable, and, in
the name of the interests of France, we have no objection to
make to it.
LORD PALM/DU/TON TO LORI NORMANDY.

FOREION-OFFICE, SEPT. 22,1846.—My Lord—i have had
several communications with the Count de Jaunt, and a
conversation of some length with M. Dumon on the
subject of the intended marriages which have been
announced for the Queen of Spain and for her sister
the Infanta ; and in those communications and
conversations I have explained fully, and without
disguise the sentiments entertained by the British govern-
ment upon the Queen's marriage, and the strong objections
felt by them to the proposed marriage of the Infanta,
and I have now to instruct your excellency to bring
those opinions and objections in a more formal manner
under the consideration of the government of France.
And first, with regard to the marriage of the Queen Isabella,
her Majesty's government have good reason to believe—
and it appears, indeed, by the avowal of the French
government, that this marriage was brought about
by the French influence at Madrid—her Majesty's
government was no party to that arrangement.—
Her Majesty's government might, indeed, remark that
the steps thus taken at Madrid by France, singly, to bring
about this marriage, were hardly consistent with the pro-
pont which that government states itself to have made to
her Majesty's government, that the two governments should
act in unison in regard to the advice to be given to the court
of Madrid upon the subject of the marriage of Queen Isa-
bella, because it appears that at the time when the
French Charge d'Affaires in London was asking the opinion
of the British government upon this matter, in order, as he
stool, that if the two governments could come to an
agreement about it, they should each give the same
recommendation, the French Ambassador at Madrid
wu already in possession of instructions from his own
government to endeavour to bring about the Queen's
marriage with one particular candidate, and that cense-
quently the question about which the French Charge
d'Affaires was offering to deliberate in London had been
already decided by instructions which had been sent to the
French Ambassador at Madrid. It is true, indeed, that no pro-
posal on this subject was formally or distinctly made to her Ma-
jesty's government by the government of France, but what
passed was nearly as follows:—The day alter I had sent off
my despatch (No 6) of tho 19th of July to Mr. Bulwer, I
showed • copy of that despatch to the Count de Jarnac,
and an explanation of the views which her Majesty's
govstrunent, in the short time during which they bad
been in office, bad taken of the question of tee Queen Isis.
bellies marriage, and of the existing state of things in Spaia ;
and I gave him the despatch to take home with him, that he
might confidentially send a copy of it to his govern-
ment. Count Jarnac made several remarks on the
despatch, and objected both to that part which
related to the marriage of the Queen of Spain, and to that
part which related to the political condition of Spain. Upon
the latter part ho expressed apprehension that the observa-
tions made upon the system of rule which has of late yeses
prevailed in Spain might, if made known in that country,
produce bad and inconvenient effects ; but it is to be pre-
sumed that the French government did not share those
apprehensions, because • copy of that despatch, though
it had been communicated in confidence to the French
government, was sent by them to M. Brawn, and was by
him made known to several persons at Madrid. And
upon the first part of my despatch Count Jarnac observed,
that it seemed to him to put forward the Prince Leopold of
Saxe Coburg as a candidate for the hand of the Queen of
Spain, while it excluded Count Trapani from the list •
that this was inconsistent with what had passed be:
tween the French government and the late British
ministry, between whom it had been agreed that
while on the one hand the French government should with-
draw the Duke of Montpensier, or any son of the King of
the French from tho list of candilates, the British govern-
ment, on the other hand, should withdraw the Prince of
Cobourg, and that some descendant of Philip V.
should be recommended as consort for the Queen
of Spain. I said that I found no trace in the
Foreign Office of any such agreement. That what
I understood to have been the ground taken by her Majesty's
late government was, that unless the Queen of Spain were
likely to marry a French prince, to which the British govern-
ment would, upon political grounds, have an unquestionable
right to object, the marriage of the Queen of Spain was a
Spanish question, with which no foreign government was
entitled to interfere, so as to control Queen Isabella's
choice, whether that choice might fall upon a Bour-
bon or upon any other prince • that the British
government would make no objection therefore to
selecting a descendant of Philip V., although it did
not join in endeavouring to impose any such metric.
tiona upon her; that Prince Leopold of Saxe Coburg was
not a candidate put forward or supported by the British
government, and that, on the contrary, the British
government thought, for many weighty reasons, that
• Spanish prince would be a fitter husband for
the Queen, and that among Spanish princes Don Enrique
seemed to be the best suited to be her consort. I said
that these views had been made known to Mr.
Bulwer by my predecessor in office, and that Count
Jarnac would see that, in the beginning of my despatch, I
referred to and adopted the instructions which had been
given on these points by her Majesty's late government
that consequently it was impossible that Mr. Bulwer should
suppose that the mere circumstance of the Prince of
Coburg being mentioned by me as one of the
candida.es for the queen's band, was to be con-
strued by him as an intimation that the British
government intended to support or to recommend that
mum. But that, moreover, my private communications to
M. Bulwer would prevent the possibility of any such mis-
takes. But I denied that there is any such parity between
the relation of the Prince of Coburg and the royal family of
England, and the relation of the Duke of Montpensier to the
royal family of France, as would afford any ground for
such • bargain as that which Count Jarnac claimed
as having been made. The Duke of Montpensier
is • Frenchman, and son of the King of the French. The
Prince of Coburg is not an Englishman, and is only cousin
to the Queen of England, while his brother is !mimed to a
daughter, and his sister to • son, of the King of the French ;
them,:
fhais,cozirloton.whithi.
coth.e royal
.ion faramithilythofe Frora4loisaisinthil,ereo-f
England, if not more so; and that it is impossible in any point
tiDwof::thukeed.watfdowmaloobo..tkytnupepiirfetohilrmbpdyas:ya.nrr:Edeenoitig.lc.isThohcafattnge ohfididateor tomake his
ef
withdrawald
d g thee oft tie
clues-
might have been some parity estabshed between biro and
the Duke of Montpensier ; but I said that in point °f
fact I had always understood that when about three
years ago, and before the Prince of Coburg was
talked of as a candidate, the French government