The Express.
London, England, 1851-06-09 00:00:00

PORTUGAL.

By the Teviot, we have news from Lisbon up to
the 4th instant. Nothing very important had
transpired since the previous packet left. Nothing
was known at Lisbon of the reactionary movement ,
against Saldanha, as telegraphed in the French jour-
nals. The great struggle that is now going on in
Portugal is between the moderately Septembrist go-
vernment and the chartist military officers. The
former want to get rid of the latter from the army,
and to substitute their own adherents, and the offi-
cers arc resisting the government. Saldanha has
been reconciled to Fronteira and Itisaracantas, and
the order for the banishment of the former has been
rescinded. Both of them have promised not to inter-
fere in the present struggle. Anything reactionary
or revolutionary, is much deprecated ; for many I
believe that with observance of order and vigorous re-
trenchment, the country might be saved. Saldanha
was still active, promoting his adherents. One of ;
the great difficulties with the present government is
the want of money.
Our correspondent writes follows :
LISBON, JONI 4.
The matter which I have recently had occasion to
communicate to your readers has prevented my taking more
notice of the feelings of the people them I should otherwise
have done. There is no clamour for the Queen's abdica-
tion, but there seem; to be a deep-rooted determination in
the minds of the people that they will not be satisfied with
anything short of her removal. The revolution must not
stop at a certain point; it must progress and perfect itself;
and it never can be perfected while the chief of the state
remains dissonant with the great body of the nation. Donna
Maria knows the sentiment, of toe mass towards her, yet ,
she is callous and insensate, and clines to the throne as a
drowning man would to a straw. The propriety, nay, the
necessity of her abdication has been descanted on by the
journals of the Peninsular countries, and none appears to
take a better view of it than the Clamor Parklike of Madrid.
It says:" If Donna Maria understood her critical position
and should abdicate, she would confer a benefit upon her
son and the people, and perhaps relieve them from the
greatest agitations. If, however, instead of yielding, she
shall insist upou preserving a sceptre that may slip from her
hands, it will not be strange that in the end she may have
to abandon it to seek shelter in a foreign country against
popular fury."
There is a proper time for every act. Had Donna Maria
availed herself of that tine and abdicated she would have
preserved the crown to her son, conferred a benefit upon
the country, and shut fur ever the door of intrigue and re-
action; but her pertinacity encouraged the partisans of
Cabral, and her conduct, so strongly evinced, to protect
him in the favour shown to his abettors to the last, has
given them a character which only belongs to the adherents
of a fallen dynasty, and they will never cease to plot and
intrigue while their load possesses the shadow of
power. They consider it lawful to rise to relieve her from
that restraint which they know she is under—the real re-
straint being imposed upon them, by taking from
their hands the power to plunder and divide the national
wealth ; they know she is constrained, by her obstinacy in
endeavouring to preserve power, to declare her sincerity
to acts that she despises, and would overturn; and finally
they consider her in the game situation that Ferdinand the
Seventh was considered to be by the French government
when the Duke d'Angouleine's army traversed Spain to
relieve him. Donna Maria, it is known, had hopes that
a Spanish army would sustain her with the ministry
of her favourite ; and when those hopes vanished
she relied upon family alliance for her preservation
upon the throne; and if Sir H. Seymour, the British
ambassador, did advise Saldanha to preserve her
on the throne, it could only be until the legal
expression of the national voice had been heard, as her
position is not tenable. The nation does not require a
sovereign who will take every opportunity to overthrow the
liberties of her country, and whom the people are obliged
to watch: it requires a sovereign in whom all their hopes
could be centred, and who would watch over and guard
their rights. Donna Maria and the people are two hetero-
geneous ladies; it is necessary to remove one to prevent
continual collisions and conflicts ; and by removing her the
Cabralists become isolated, and must return to the great
body of the nation, where, finding their own level, they
will be perfectly harmless, as their chief only derived his
power from corruption and the countenance of a dissinee
Wing and perfidious sovereign. The national cry, there-
fore, of " Abdication and a Reformed Charter" will soon
give way to the effective cry of " Reformed Charter and
Deposition."
It has been said that some change in the ministry would
take place; it is not, however, likely to be a change of men,
but merely the transfer of places between two members
of the cabinet—the Marquis of Louie and Senhor Jervis
d'Attougnia, who appears to he the one in the place best
calculated for the other. The Marquis is beat calculated for
the foreign department, where his talents would be more
available; and Senhor Jervis is wanted in the marine
department, where a area of energy and scientific know-
ledge is most wanted, to renair or bring the navy back to
an efficient state, it having been so completely neglected by
Senhor Avila, the Cabral Minister of Marine, that when
any ship was wanted to go suddenly on any service, it was
found to have either no tip or no bottom, t.e., it was either
rotten in the masts or leaky, and required to go into dock.
Senhor Jervis has already been minister of marine, in times
when no such exclusion was practised towards scientific
men as the Cabral cabinet practised. and when he served
to the acknowledged benefit of the department and credit
to himself, and when officers were appointed by him to
commissions who were in every respect qualified far the
exigency: whereas Senhor Avila's appointments were of
such men who were worth nothing, and who, fur the most
part, ratted from their party, to give support ro the genius
of corruption. If Seedier Jervis go to the marine, nothing
will escape him; weeds will soou be uprooted, end the l'or-
tuguese navy may recover its character. While, how-
ever, that gentleman remains in the foreign office,
our worthy representative will find he is dealing
in his reclamation%' with a man of honour, talent, and
moral courage, and who will not delay justice where it
is due. I said, in a recent letter, the six testoons insisted
upon by Scriber Dultra (when visitor of the shipping police
department) trim every person who entered Portugal by the
fagus, was remitted in so fur as related to natives; I now
understand its abolition will be insisted upon by the Briti.h
ambassador, in so tar as relates to British subjects entering
Portugal by the 'fugue, on the ground of reciprocity.
The government intends to publish in the London jour-
nals that no alteration is contemplated in the payment of
the dividends of either the internal or external debt, to
counteract the reports of Cabraliam to the contrary. The
regulations relative to the payment of the active and in-
active classes will also undergo no alteration. A commission
is also to inquire into the state of the revenue, and
the charges upon it. An ingenious writer recommends
that the arrears due to the various elegies should be
got rid of, by creuting a paper money to pay them,
and that then this paper money should be amortiser,
in the same way that the bank of Lisbon notes are being
amortised; with the present government it would doubtless
be a salutary measure, as the classes would receive their
growing pay monthly to appease their hunger, while the
getting rid of so great a weight which presses upon the
treasury, the government could turn their attention to the
payment of other charges, which would have the effect of
restoring confidence and credit; we may soon be able to dis-
cover what became of the revenue under Cabralism—iin-
mente amounts received—loans contracted—the public her-
vents dying of hunger for want of payment, and no accounts
rendered.
The Prince and Princess of Saxe Cobourg Gotha are
that they came to advise the Queen and King to !cave the
here; the object of their visit is not known, unleaa it be
Portuguese to themselves, and take up their residence in
delightful Germany.
The disaffection of the municipal guard is apparent; its
insubordination, and sneers at the existing order of things,
and its brutal treatment of the citizens who come within
its grasp, require a summary remedy—disbanding.
The following is the state of the treasury for the week
ending 24th May : Balance 17th May, 8,6,30,473 refs ; re-
ceived in the week ending the 24th, 70,276,207 eels ; pay-
meats, 68,598,0,56 reis ; leaving-a balance of upwards of ten
contos. Senhor Franztai certainly deserves great credit fur
his exertions • but acknowledged kosaaty and patriotism
will accomplish many Important eels.

TURKEY AND THE DANUBIAN PROVINCES.

News from Constantinople to May 24, received by
way of Marseilles, state that Mehemet Ali Pasha,
the Sultan's brother-in-law, had been superseded in
the Ministry of War by Musterdjim Mehemet Pasha,
formerly Commander of the Imperial Guard, Mem-
ber of the Council of State, and President of the
Council of War.

Mehemet Ali Pasha was subsequently re-admitted
minister without portfolio. This la a re-action
against Iteschid.
Letters of the Bth ult from Bucharest announce
the complete evacuation of the Danubian provinces
by the Russian troops. A firman of the Sultan had
been addressed to the hospodars reminding them of
the redoubled vigilance in the interest of order im-
posed by the withdrawal of the troops.
After fourteen days bombardment Omer Pasha
had taken Bihace, in Baena. by storm.
Sir Stratford Canning had retired with his family
to Therapia.

EARLY CLOSING MOVEMENT.—EIeven sermons
were yesterday preached in connexion with the Early Clos-
ing Association, by various ministers of dia:mting chapels
throughout the metropolis, on the spiritual and ether evils
of oppressive shop labour.