The Express.
London, England, 1847-12-23 00:00:00

einffilkos cat Tuesday it wm MOM that the amber of in-
mates is the workhouse vaseSlobot muter Wimpll more
ohm Awed by the Tuba of the amaimiessai Mme
eserfm Mimed gm tbs mods of volisokey "imam. ," the
pasamit pin hsEg by mem 41a bighepbsess hewn for •
after and a Woes loolibei. No, Weal% nimblest poor-
Mer ammimisaer, alatst that, In lib "No% the better
pima valid be to passeik e gime kr their
owls, tins word et the Woe, eeed whale thoriestallat"ol'
ems kind of work emit be applied to pay for what
tiny received. From ramie semi by the clerk it &p-
-rim al than WON 9,740 plas meika reesipt of relief from the
natisa out of the, hovel. Of atm* this num*. imluded
Weis of fandiet, and Ann who were de
oglteilalald upon
them Is.„.lettsp was Mid B.lso rsar
liar* wow the aata too Dams he OS /144141107
of sone laboar test Using darted ita eses se out relief
to able-bodied applicants at this mini eiroseoradrA Ifettitire•
—After seats gissomsion &song the swam es to the
practicability slimy labour UMfa Idikrikr,llr. Weak said,
that the lamb api Imam of the Worst teeps.tisnak and he
hoped the boort nada came to soma what** imhba wpon
'it. He admitted the right of the den to Mid at the
hands of the malon, but. that relief shield be in Morn for
labour. The Out law that was made for the re,lef of the
poor, from the rates levied upon the property of the inhabi-
tants, proceeded on that principle. The law never supposed
that this right to relief was to be independent of the duty to
khan to return for it. But it was not only the legal mode
—4t MS that alto which was the beet for the poor themselves.
The plan now was to give them small sums and then
let them go and make it up as they could. Such
• system was highly injurious to all parties. As
the guardians were so situated that they could not
offer the poor home accommodation where at all
events they would meet with suitable clothing, living, and
lod,gieg—and it was their duty to provide something for the
destitute-let it be work for relief. His remarks only ap-
plied to the able-bodied ; of course there were the aged, the
infirm, and the sick, whom the guardians, he was cue, were
relieving, and to whom to such test ought, or could be, ap-
plied. He would ask, too, when the number receiving relief
had reached that fearful amount which they had heard
that afternoon, whether it war not essential that some la-
bour test should be at once provided ? Could it be possible
that so large a number was sot of employ ? He should
say no ! for if they were they could sot live upon the pit-
! ounce received from the union. It must be, therefore, in-
ferred, that considerable numbers of them were in work,
and at the same time on the perish books. Were not the
guardians, by that system, spreading the evil of pauperism
amongst the working classes ? His object would be, by
urging upon them the labour test, is withdraw from the
labour market all that were in receipt of relief, thus leaving
it open to those who would strive to do without relief, and
oonsequently decrease the amount of pauperism. Besides,
the number was now so large that their offieers could not
properly look after them ; and how did the guardians know
but they were adminietering relief to large numbers who
were in full work? He did not recommend this course
from any parsimonious motives, but from • due regard
to the rights and interests of the poor themselves ; for
nothing could be worse for them than a system which tended
to extend pauperism amongst them. Far better would it be
for all to find every able-bodied applicant work to do, and
give him torts relief in return as would enable him to live
with common decency. Some of the having
stated that the labour test was attended wi great lose when
it had been tried, Mr. Weals replied, that whether the sp.
plicants worked or not, the union was bound by law to find
them adequate relief, therefore they were not to look upon
what the poor received as wages, and calculate in the com-
mon way of business as to gain and loos. He urged the
subject upon the board now, because he was confident the
commissioners would feel bound to issue an imperative
order for • labour test. A protracted discussion enured,
which ended in the board passing a resolution, in gnawer to
the commissioners. stating its conviction that a labour test
was essential, but that it was not practicable in Leicester
under present circumstsem

FARMING rx DEVON.—At the recent meeting of
the South Devon Agricultural Society, the Rev. W. Cod=
said that in this county sheep farming seemed but very little
understood. It was admitted as a matter of fact that the
chief expense in raising wheat was the labour and manure ;
and he asked them to consider what an enormous quantity
of labour and manure they could ace by sheep farming.
Look at the short steep hills in this district, where a couple
of wretched horses were employed in dragging 5 cwt. of
manure up the hill, and see the labour and expense they
would save by folding their sheep on the ground. The
principal expense of Devonshire farrniag was the horses
and if more sheep were kept less horses would be required:
He had lately visited the farm of Mr. Sotheron, one of the
members for Wiltshire: he had a farm of 200 acres,
'on which he had 600 sheep, sad he was going to
Weyhill fair to purchase 200 more. His sheep were not
running over the meadows, but kept on turnips and artificial
food, and it was well worth their whik to try the experiment
of mixing with their turnips a metals puede& of oil-cake, or
hay cat in chaff, and the improvesmet treslel wpm their
belief, besides making the mom melt 111111111‘11141able, and
thus adding to the fertility tithe ash and pmeduelng heavier
crops of wheat. Another extraonlemeny iseproneseet would
be effected by the more extensive ldesieselea of Italian rye
i pun. Ur. had impeded emd whisk protested
rye seem hist mew& sat ealy to bile • lien beta mar et
wee les be
st berjs. prealseed elms teas pee ewe, sod the
teed lasted two yew. B. eteedlesett dam Sims emi in-
sisted on the feet el NO lie, letiet Imp es In emu of
land, to show whet *wild le dens by ertilial
There was soothe treat Ade& to the "Nisisf rofithit'
culture in this county, the high hedges and the eumell fie I
it was illustrated lit his own parish, where the hedges hail
been thrown down, the fields thrown open, and the''
farms therefore in the highest cultivation, whilst a
little way off there were fields not larger than
a pocket handkerchief—At the Tiverton meeting Mr.
Kekewich said: It to happened that this county
was of a very undulating surface, and most of the
farm-yards were built on the aide of the hill ; and they
were bad enough—more wretched farm-yards did not exist
in any county in England. You might see in these farm-
yards that most delightful liquid, that most invaluable
treacle (he might call it), running away to waste into the
brook, from the brook into the river, and from the river
into the sea, where it was quite true that it did tire up ,
but perhaps never fell again as the nom farm. If,
landlords desired to set an =ample In ell agricultarblee
to improve their own estates, the lent thing to down to pow
vide them with bettor farm-yarda. The moment be (Ms.
Kekewich) became a leaded propeller, he saw it we fa-
poesible for his Womb to go aa_ via the Wallop they
had ; and now be woe set aelmAsil Se erdees Set lie lam
he had laid out both in this south/ and
almost redueed him is beggary—bed well nigh
him before the coandmioner of Bankruptcy ; but

had reaped a full reward in seeing chit tenants
were prospering, and that they met hint with gratitude.
SONZESETSHIRE. _ .

THEFT BY • MAN Off ilOrEarT.—At Bath, on
Monday, a gentknna seas& Alfred Z. Buchanan, was
charged at the Guildhall Wl*senile( a toilet bottle from the
shop of Mr. Hamper, knay washewnonan, in that city. It
was maid that the pikers Us bat lately returned from
India. The cane excited meldatalie Wend tram the re-
ctable sphere in whisk the prisoner hes Kebab) mond.
The first want= was a pang mot used Brewer, an assis-
tent to Mann. Shaw and Fiala silk wales, vise deposed
that on Saturday a balm= 6 and shah, he wee
attracted by the p
ow
id dr vdmerr, sad
seeing him cater Mr. 's shsp he
to look through the w, sad wssosf y he
saw the prisoner take the toilet bottle Bon off
a glass can and drop it into his coat pocket Lean whisk he
went to another stand sad took a purse. The wham. th=
gave information to a plena I Mr. limperi essidey, and,
on the prisoner leavinatit
r dap, whialse did alma leine-
diatelv, he watched lira* smend eked% said he was
given' into oustedy . Meespees seeldsol. Pam the
evidence of a pang warm, who we saving Ice the slop,
itx that the debater did not pashas 'madam but
m *Kral wbriser they had a haw erlieli whisk he
d lout whisk. wee net in stook. Ns then mks& to
weed stands, sad exesnined the saki= upon dose ; and
wbilet in the shop she alma a heed purse, and
on looking abaft for ti the primmer pat it on a
sideboard towards her, NOW " That k a very=
puns," sad then walked oat et die shop. Oa being
with the that by the °mural& who took him into enstody
prisoner ad net deny it, bat merel said he " whited par-
ticularly le see Mr. Fisaroc." At the penes de den he
again expreeled a with to gash privately milk Kr. 11=
but that gentlanes iodine& and charged Ida with
the bottle ken he ship, upon which the pima took the
article ter hi end giving it up aid, a Then it is ;
and TB pgy Mr. anything in the wail he wants for
it, if he WM ma pane charge." The pdeassr's sedeltor,
in addrodug the bendy said he was kelneeted that Mr.
Bushmen had taken ewe wine than weal flee dinner on
S= ea and she had drunk some Freak beady recently
i
which
Arid his intellect ; la het that the pn-
f loner was intoideeleit, end dreppsel the bleb lasmedonaly
into he pocket. The atheneet, however, &del that the
primer was laarieded at dr dm the oseramaad
the megbantse semoltled Ka fir of
taking bell, zi:di
in 300 L-, red two metes In INK ash. Upon the pelsowir
belay seethed at the pollee-elation, 4i sovereigns and sane
silver ware bad upon him, belch. a gold watch and chain.
A FACT FOR THE SANITARY COMMISSION.—It la •
remarkable fact, that whilst the influenza has proved so fatal
in the metropolis, not excluding the west-end, Brighton has
been exempt from the epidemic.

LITERATURE.
Mir!viva Unpublished Letters of Oliver Cromwell. Com-
municated %THOMAS CADJALI. (Fraser's Magazine,
December, 1 7.)
It is not often that a magazine is the medium for
giving to the world such a treasure as these thirty-
five letters, if they be genuine, or such an ingenious
sample of literary imposture, if they be forgeries,.
We acknowledge ourselves at a loss in the matter..
On the one hand, Thomas Carlyle is pre-eminently an
honest man. He is, moreover, familiar with Crom-
well's genuine letters. He vouches for the " indu-
bitable authenticity" of the batch. On the
other hand, the letters have been communicated
to him under suspicious circumstances. He has
never seen the alleged original& The motives for
keeping these originals from him are quite unintelli-
gible in his account of the matter. The letters fill
up a gap in Cromwell's personal history which Carlyle
himself lamented over in his first volume of the
" Letters and Speeches." Moreover, they supply in-
formation of atlesst one fact (the death of young