The Express.
London, England, 1865-02-07 00:00:00

ITALY.

THE SUDDEN DEPARTURE OF THE KING

FROM TURIN.

(►WY OUR OWN comasomosinr.)

TURIN, Y. 2..

The split between the King and the town council,
owing to the latter refusing to attend the state ball,
and declining to inflict a severe censure upon the
population of Turin for the scandalous demonstra-
tion of Monday evening, has unhappily grown
wider than it was yesterday. Both the Marque
Rosa and the municipal councillors have perempto-
rily refused to make the antende honorable, in spite
of the pressing entreaties of General La Marmots
and his colleagues. Ido not think that the King
is disposed to give way, for his Majesty justly feels
that the shameful insult to him and to his guests
cannot be tolerated. Victor Emmanuel is generous
enough to forgive an insult offered merely to him •
self. But when the carriage of a Russian general
has been stopped, when stones have been thrown
into that in which General Cadogan and his wife
were sitting, when the Turkish minister has been
insulted in the same manner, the Kiug must show
to the Turin mob and its instigators that such
offences cannot be perpetrated with impunity. lt
is, therefore, to be expected that the displeasure of
the sovereign will be shown under some form or
other, at least if the municipality persists in its un-
wise resolution. While Imu writing the ministers
are discussing this important question at the
Royal Palace, under the presidency of his Majesty,
who I hear is much pained that matters should
have been brought to such a pass by the intrigues of
stew Turinese noblemen, who have always been the
obetivate opponents of the national cause. Although
the greater part of the Twines(' aristocracy does
not share the opinion of some of its more rabid mem-
bers, yet the traditional affection and devotion
of the Subalpine nobility for the House of Savoy
may be consiiered as gone for ever. It is of uo nee
to argue with them on this matter, and explain to
them that in a constitutional country the King has
nothing to do with those measures which affect the
internal arrangements of the nation, nor with those
which involve a great political question. They
think Victor Emmanuel should have disavowed his
ministers, and refused to sanction the Franco-
Italian treaty by a coup d'ifet and by destroying
the constitution.
Whilst the ministers were occupied with
the great question of the day, i.e., the re-
conciliation between the King and the muni-
cipality, they had to sustain a check iu the
Chamber of Deputies. The house was discussing
to-day the bill on the administrative unification of
the kingdom. Deputy Mellana had already pre-
sented su important amendment, by which he in-
tended to introduce into the bill the more liberal
principle of enlarging the attributions of the pro-
vincial deputation, attributions whit& both the
ministry and the committee on the bill would have
given to the prefects of the provinces. Mellana's '
amendment had been strongly opposed by the
Minister of the Interior ; but, iu spite of this op-
position, when the chamber came to vote, out of
7.14 members present, 121 voted for, and 113 against
it. The impression produced by this triumph of
the opposition has been very great indeed, not only
became, the question at issue was grave in
itself, but because, though the measure is
strictly an administrative one, the attitude of the
ministers gave it an absolute political importance.
I should not at all wonder were parliament to be
dissolved even before it has passed the most urgent
bills, nay even before the present week is out.
All hope of a satisfactory arrangement between
the King and the municipality of this city is over.
I should not be at all surprised were the court to
leave Turin to-morrow, either for Naples or for
Florence. Were the King to leave abruptly I
suppose Baron Malarot, the French ambassador at
the Italian court, will not give his second ball on
Wednesday next. If he does so, I hear there will
be a hostile demonstration against his guests that
evening.

Faa. 3.
What I anticipated In my yesterday's letter has
happened. Victor Emmanuel abruptly left Turin
for Florence this morning at half-past 7. All hope
of inducing the municipality of the town to apolo-
gies for the events of Monday evening having
owned, the King summoned esterd ay evening a
council of ministers, and put the question whether,
in support of the dignity of the crown, and in (ta-
ttoos of the very principle of governmental autho-
rity, he ought not at once to start for the new
capital of the kingdom. The discussion, I hear,
was very animated, for some of the ministers
feared that such a decision would lead to great and
dangerous complications when it became known in
Turin. This opposition, however, gave way, and at
about 12 o'clock, the council of ministers
unanimously resolved that the King should
leave Turin as soon as possible, the mi-
nisters assuming, of course, the responsibility of
the advice they gave. In the same council it was
also decided that General Della Room, the first
aide-de-camp of the King, should follow his Majesty
to Florence, though, as he is commander of the mil-
itary department of Turin ,it was determined that his
command should be entrusted to General Cialdini.
The latter general was at once telegraphed for at
Bologna, and I hear he is expected to arrive this
evening in Turin. The appointment of Cialdini has
great signification, for he is a man of undaunted
energy, who will not shrink from pushing matters
to extremes should the population of this city renew
the scandalous and riotous scenes of the past days.
The council of ministers had scarcely ended when
his Majesty sent for his aides-de-camp, and told
them to be ready to start for Florence this morning
at half-peat 7. Nothing of course had transpired
respecting the abrupt decision of his Majesty, so
that when this morning, at 9 o'clock, I went to the
lobby of the Chamber, none of the deputies present
seemed even to suspect the important event, which
only became known in the afternoon.
At the appointed hour Victor Immanuel, followed
by six aides-de-camp and by all the ministers,
drove from the Royal Palace to the village of
Moncalieri, in an open carriage, and took the direct
train for Genoa. His Majesty will therefore be
in Florence this evening. General La Marmora
has accompanied him to the new capital, but the
other ministers parted from him at Moncalieri, and
returned to Turin by 10 o'clock.
It is now two o'clock, and the great news is
scarcely known in the town. I cannot, therefore, tell
you the impression it has produced, but I fear it will
be anything but satisfactory.
P.B.—Night.—The diplomatic corps have been
officially informed of his Majesty's departure from
Turin, and it has moreover been announced that
the King will be in Milan at the end of this month,
where the foreign ministers are to join him.
Though the news of his Majesty's abrupt departure
is now generally known, no symptoms of popular
agitation are discernible in the streets. General
Cialdini, I hear, has already arrived in Turin, and
will assume the military command of the city to-
morrow, thus superseding General Della Rocca,
ti who, in his turn, will be the military commander at
Bologna.

VICTOR ERIMANIJEL'd DRPAILTURZ TROY TURIN.
—We mad in the Dititto :—" Burly this morning King
Vidor Emmansel, Lasing the ancient seat of his dynasty.
set out for Floreoce, accompanied only by the °Moen of
hie military household in &Mesdames on him. In passing
through the Via di Po he mat a promotion with the sacra-
meat The King of Italy stopped his oarriage and resolved
kneel* the blaming of the priest representiag the Pope.
This is the last act of King Victor Emmanuel which Turin I
will reoord."
/Aaron Emwarrust's RzczYriow IN Fikawies.—
Ths Zrazions mays that the reception of the Kim of Italy in
Flamm wan of the wet enthusiaatio character. He did
sot arrive until half-met ten at night, but notwithstanding
the lateness of the hour an immense number of person'
awaited his coming at the railway station. Many of them,
Dearing torches, accompanied hie carriage to the p►Loe, the
haws aloes the lined route being illuminated and decked
wills the national dap. Upon the Piazzi Pitti the crowd
wee very peat, sad the cheering of the bearded kind. In
eisedesee to a gamma request, his Majesty after entering
kb rabies tame oat upon the balcony and cordially saluted
the people.

TS! tiira or rrAL, AND THE rottru.
?lON OP TURIN.
(From the Daily News.)
PARTINGS, even under the least painful of Gil,
encostances, where the friendship is ever so recent,
the separation ever so brief, or the prospect of
meeting again ever so unclouded, are sad for-
malities which the most indifferent of passengers on
this life's journey—a journey made up of greet-
ings and farewells go through with somewhat
of conscious effort or evasion. There is nothing
idly sentimental in this shrinking from " fare-
wells." We all shirk them, or stumble over them,
or smother them up in absurd disguises of gaiety
or business, or fairly run away from them. As
BycoN sings :
is leaving even the most unpleasant people
And plasma, one keeps looking at the steeple.
We should be sorry to attempt to analyse this uni-
versal weakness of mankind ; but perhaps the
secret of this singular malaise that will sometimes
seize even utter strangers at the mere spectacle
of • parting is, that all human partings are a pre-
lude, a foretaste of the boat great parting that
awaits us
The King of ITALY is known to be a man of
warm heart and strong feelings ; • profound
hereditary and personal attachment to the little
kingdom under the Alps, which from gene-
ration to generation has cherished the fortunes of
his house with loyal and anxious affection, is part
of his very nature. All his taste., his habits:, his
predilections, his pension for the rude hunter's
life and sport, his aversion from the restraints
and ceremonies of a court, his impatience of all
that may be called the decorative and artificial
fuectious of royalty, his imperfect sympathy with
fashion and " full dress," have made this
soldier and patriot monarch cling with a more than
ancestral fondness to the simple home of his
dynasty and his race. But it was destined that
this Piedmont should be the nursing mother of a
newborn Italy, as it had been of • race of warrior
kings. Vicroa Emnaasurt, faithful to the vow
for which his father died, and to his own, Ins from
his youth up dedicated himself, life and crown, to
that larger country and kingdom which looked to
him as the only Italian sovereign (forou it has
been well remarked, the Pors is not • man, but
an institution) for deliverance and restoration ;
looked to the &Wiest sustaining succourof his strong
right arm, and the onward flash of his liberating
sword. And the little Subalpine kingdom, like its
King, dedicated to Italy the pith and flower of its
streugth ; its tried and disciplined valour, its robust
and hardy virtues ; accepted eagerly all sacrifices,
even to the sacrifice of its historical identity. In-
stead of Piedmont annexing the Italian provinces,
as some raving clerical legitimists and reactionary
pamphleteers have pretended, Piedmont has been
absorbed in this vital process of national asaimila-
tion. From the hour when, after the disaster of
Novara, the Parliament of Turin became by anti-
cipation the Parliament of Italy, Piedmont was
destined to be lost in the light of the dayspring
of Italian unity. Did not CAvous, himself a
Piedmonteee, born and bred • citizen of Turin,
bound to that city by all the ties of instinct, kind-
red, custom, and familiarity, tell his fellow-sub-
jects and fellow-townsmen, again and again, and
did he not tell ail Europe, that Piedmont was but
a province of the Italy to be, and Turin but •
stage on the road to Rome ? And did not the
people of Piedmont, and the citizens of Turin,
accept and acclaim the glory and the sacri-
fice ? Who that knows the history of Piedmont and
of Italy, from the death of CSAILLFai MARKT to the
death of Csvous, could have imagined that • day
would come when CNAILLYSI Augur's son, the King
of ITALY, would leave his capital in sudden haste,
in anger, in disgust, without a parting word, or
look, or sign, or cheer, at the dull grey dawn of a
winter's morning, with none but ministers and
aides-decamp to do hint reverence ? That sombre
land solitary morning deserves to be marked with
black in the calendar of every loyal Piedmonts's*
and every true Italian. If it could be supposed that
the Kis° was shaken, as the bravest hearts are
sometimes moat easily shaken, with no nokingly or
unmanly emotion ; that he had served his people
as he never served his enemies, and fled from
a shock of parting which he could not
face, why then indeed it might be said that
"this parting was well made." Even such a leave-
taking on both sides—a parting bitter as the fore-
taste of separation, as the uncertainty of the future,
as the remembrance of put days of happy mutual
affection—a parting to be solemnized by history
and sung by poets--should have been the parting
of Vicron EMMANCILL from Turin. Instead of
this, the last days and hours of the last King of
PINDMONT in his capital have been darkened for ever
both for KING and people with ineffueable recol-
lections of insult and disgrace—insult to the Sove-
reign and disgrace to the people.
We wish we could treat these unfortunate ebulli-
tions of the population of Turin as nothing worse
than the awkward and exacting violence of real
grief, as the petulance of schoolboys, who always
behave badly the last week of the holidays.
But no such interpretation can, we fear, be put
upon the incidents which our Correspondent at
Turin describes as preceding and occasioning the
Kitty's departure. The people of Turin, it is
true, have behaved like unruly and unmannerly
children, and even grown-up and rational men
are liable, we know, to caprices of ill-temper and
to fits of passion. But in these unseemly demon-
strations at the gates of the palace, against the
Kixo's guests, against all sorts of worthy and
harmless people, whose only fault was in doing
honour to the KING'S hospitality—against strangers,
against ambassadors, against women—there was
something very different from a mere caprice of
temper or a fit of passion. It looks like a delibe-
rate, systematic, smouldering rage of jealousy and
spite, stirred into a flame by a clerical and reac-
tionary aristocraoy, by the envy of a few local law-
yers and the grudge of a Municipal Council. The
Turin's, whose admirable civic and patriotic qua-
lities have been so often and so justly praised, have
been betrayed by a few *elfish and mischievous
malcontents into acts of disloyalty and disorder
against which all their own former conduct pro-
tests, and which they will assuredly never cease to
repent. We do not say that some bitterness en
their part was without excuse or provocation. The
Government has undoubtedly committed grave
mistakes ; while the proverbial sagacity of the Paz-
lisment was not wanting, as the all but una.
nimous acceptance of Baron Ricssotes concilia-
tory amendment testifies. But among the *hew
men in that P*0141)1801 whether of ron°llll Tnisvixo Cumattems.s.—The town of as
governments or the present, the obtunisi 'table (Moselle) has for men thin • mouth past h:serer:e-
et
' feeling and the want of tact Itatri ""*" alarm 4bstinaig ta•pmpowaten
- +high toe a time elonerebbdert the Waste of
deplorable. If it was well and win ' the police, but were at last found to beton
Baron RICABOLI proposed, the distressing sou- jbe the Bth BinC••••1 of Ouirsalintt, is Priebe
et that town. TY laisetimate have sew bass
iticts of last September, and the inalentiota traipailliesel b order, issued by ][cabal
and blunders of the Mr:warm ministry, which Fee*, w=ig
risktiatiirltb.._oomasay tha
were perhaps perhaps respousible for that unhappy ', see win be Weepy* teal for their
euremes the
bloodshed, should be buried in a genstraiik. Ate siM";aftwillirreeeeh niki6rra
livion, for the sake of the oommon nouiltely"lis %NOW' ist seek a reseser,
whose disasters and differences none but einzelis Irroigh"."""wir,,TMlrs' ••111",,,,,,,,1910•14„„,,gth""a1mik, aims
rejoice, was there no Italian statesman or slin* l'themesives teem
*gay t.
deputy who, as M. FORCADR, in the Revue des Deux ONRAY NOSP AtiIIOVIA7I.IIOAD.
I'.ltowdes, admirably suggests, might have risen in -;i2=4;l "tits"' th° wit'h sidttg Fth• Ti?,

him place in Parliament to give ntterence,ii a
few frank and manly words, to the heartfelt sym-
pathy of all Italy with the natural indignant
grief of the population of Turin, and to appeal to
the generous indulgence of that noble and self-
sacrificing city to forget and forgive its wrongs,
so that not a shadow of resentment might dim the
lustre of an unexampled sacrifioe crowning its
stainless and heroic history ? We join with the
eminent writer in the Revue in regretting heartily
for the sake of Italy that this unique opportu-
nity was lost, never to return. It is ever thus.
For want of the mere moral courage to speak out
from a full heart, the truth of the beat and kindest
natures is obscured ; what should have been sym-
pathy becomes indifference, and what should have
been regard becomes antipathy and mistrust. Lot
us hope that Turin has happier days in store than
that on which the Kis° turned his back in sore
displeasure on the " unpleasant people" of the
city of all Italy he loved best.

THE POOR-LAW BOARD AND TUKOTHT

DALY.

(From the Daily Nem)
Ma. FAHNALL, the Poor-law Inspector, has
made his Report to the Poor-law Board on the
cue of TIMOTHY DALY, and it proves to be a very
ingenious document. We hesitate to speak posi-
tively as to the impression it is likely to produce on
the unprejudiced reader, because that will depend
on the view he may take of a cardinal fact. Thus,
is it so very certain that TIMOTHY Dar.v is dead I
1 We had thought so, but Mr. FaircaLL has shaken
our confidence in the statement. Looking at all the
facts as they are stated by the Poor-law Inspector,
we do not see how a young man like DALY could
have died, certainly not how he could have died of
" bed sores," as has been stated. But if the

reality of his death be conceded, then we can only
regard him, in the light of Mr. Fass.u.t.'s Report,
as an instance of Irish wilfulness and perverse-
__

nese—a solitary Celt, who has sacrificed himself I
out of sheer malevolence, in order to discredit the
institutions of the Saxon. Mr.Faarrai.i. leaves him
absolutely without excuse. He had everything on
his side—the fostering care of the guardians, the
admirable arrangements of the house, the science
of the surgeon, the sedulous and tender attentions
of the pauper nurses, and over and above all, the
parental supervision of the Poor-law Commissioners,
sad, setting them all at nought, he died. It may be
sod it may be otherwise, although Mr. nutria.
has failed to discover it. There are two points

about this inquiry which detract from the value of
Mr. FkINA11:8 results. The first is, that the per-
son who knew most about the matter under

investigation was beyond the reach of the wort.
Ten minutes of direct evidence from Timornv
DALT himself as to the treatment he received in
the Holborn Union workhouse would have been
more satisfactory to the public than all the testi-
mony that has been taken, and would besides have
given us the means of testing its value. The
next is, that the course and material of the inquiry
were wholly in the power of the agents and
officers of the system under impeachment. All the
persons who had to do with the treatment of
TIMOTHY DALY did their duty. If you doubt it,
ask them, and they will tell you. The doctor pre-
scribed medicines and ordered generous diet, and
the nurses, of course, administered both with the
utmost punctuality, so that not a stimulating
draught or a nutritive meal went astray. We know
this, because such mischances never happen in •
well-regulated poorhouse, and the Holborn Union
workhouse is exceedingly well-regulated. The
guardians most be quite satisfied with the nature
of this security, for they have provided no medical
or other supervision as • security against the mis-
carriage of comforts ordered for a patient. The
doctor orders and the pariah pays, and that is
enough. Of course, the surgeon must accept the
arrangements which he finds, and when be has pre-
scribed, he can only assume that his orders will be
executed. It is well that we should understand the
value of this parental. Dr. CARR, who was called
in by Mr. Fenesta. to make a medical report
on the case, suggests that DALT sank in
the private lodging to which he was
removed from the workhouse previous to his being
transferred to St. Bartholomew's. It is possible ;
but are we to believe that the man voluntarily
relinquished the advantages of careful nursing,
good medical attendance, and nourishing food to
starve himself in a lodging f Dr. CARR says that
" there is no proof that proper food or stimulants
"reached him" in his lodging. But neither is
there proof that be had them in the workhouse ;
and, as be was gradually getting worse there, the
presumption is that he did not. Mr. Fszniu.
unconsciously takes part with everybody oon-
Dated with the system of which he is a minister,
and blames those who criticise either it or them.
This is very loyal in Mr. FARNALL ; but those who
owe no allegianee to that system, but regard
UnionsandGuardians, Nurses, Doctors, inspectors,
and Commissioners, se so much machinery for the
accomplishment of a given object, will not be so
readily convinced of its perfection. Even Mr.
FasxALL is obliged to tall attention to a serious
and customary omission on the part of the
medical officer of the Holborn workhouse. It
appears that he has hitherto made no returns
to the guardians in the book known as
the Workhouse Medical Relief Book, the entries
in which he has been in the habit of initialling
without ascertaining their correctness, so that, as is
admitted, no reliance can be placed upon what
ought to have been • faithful record of the days
when the medical officer attended DALT, and of
the dietary which be ordered. It is worth noticing
that Dr. Casa in his report advises the guardians to
deal more fairly by their medical officer, to raise him
salary, and to pay for the medicines he thinks neces-
sary to order. At present he is not paid according
to the duties he has to perform. Dr. °Asa reminds
the guardians that they may " err by meanness,"
and be exhorts them to adopt a "moderate and
" liberal policy." These observations- show that
Dr. CARR had more than a suspicion of the real
rate of the case. He might have gone further,
and asked them to make some better •rsangements
for the performance of the duties if the sick
wards, instead of leaving so much to pauper nurses
whose only interest aonsists in getting through the
day with as little tremble as possible. But we
shall hear mons of this, for we do not imagine that
Mr. FARNALL'II Report disposes finally of the case
of Timornir DALY.