The Express.
London, England, 1847-06-30 00:00:00

EVENING, JUNE 30, 1847.

their audience at the Quirinal, but, as I apprehend,
Dr. Miley will wish to figure as the exclusive Xeno-
phon of this modern Anabasis. I leave it to him
al
teltekers for free traders! There has been a grand
customs union, or gollverein, established in Italy,
between the dominions of Lucca and Tuscany. The
grand-duke and the Li•tle One have knocked down
mutually their tax-g►thering sentry-boxes, and a mil-
lennium of unrestricted commerce is at hand. What
the previous trade wu I can't tell. But this step is a
I really important one, as preparatory to the abolition
of the lottery, a point on which Tuscany could not
act without the concurrence of Lucca, for obvious
reasons. Once the lottery stigmatised in Central
Italy, it must go down through the whole peninsula
—a blessing devoutly to he prayed for. This paltry
penny gambling has done more harm than plague,
pestilence, or famine elsewhere.
The new Cardinal Balaffi is an instance of literary
merit meeting due appreciation. Besides numerous
pamphlets on political subjects, he has written two
volumes of a history of the Spaniards in America,
and is engaged on a third.
The weather has become cool and pleasant. The
corn is all cut and garnered up round Rome. Wine
and oil are likely to be abundant.

MONTREAL, IFNI& 14, 1847.
The parliament was duly opened on the 2nd inst.
[Our correspondent here inserts the governor's speech, the
substance of which—as received by the Mannion— we pub-
lished some time ago]. The speech, after the most approved
home models, cautiously avoids topics of political hostility.
After a four nights' debate on amendments introduced by
Mr. Baldwin, a division gave a majority in favour of
the ministry of two. Mr. Sherwood, who, took the
office of attorney-gcneral, West, in place of Mr. Draper,
elevated to the bench on the vacancy occasioned by the death
of Mr. Justice Hagerman, had not then arrived from his
election at Toronto. His presence would have lifted the
ministerial majority to three ; and that number, should it be
maintaieed, will be sufficient to enable the government to
work through with the necessary business of the session. it
is, however, problematical if the majority will be maintained.
The loose fish become very lively and loose when parties are
so nearly balanced, and very difficult to manage.
By loose fish I understand that class of men, to be found
everywhere, who do not give their support to a party from
principle, but from a lively expectation of what personal ad-
vantage they can derive from their parliamentary services.
The real strength of parties will not be determined, nor can
there be any settled government, until& dissolution shall have
tested the question ; and there is so little real difference in
essentials between the opposing parties that it would be very
difficult to say which would be likely to have the advantage
in a general election. Lord Elgin observes a very dignified
and constitutional neutrality with respect to elections, and
seems resolved in no manner to bring his personal influence to
bear in any of the question, of the day. This course
of proceeding wins for him much of the respect
and confidence of the opposition, who have made
a special grievance of the personal interference of go-
vernors in party electoral contests, and who contend that
it is a point of honour in a governor to be a mere spec-
tator of the constitutional struggle between different parties
in the state, without corruptly throwing the weight of his
personal influence into the scale on either side, but simply
coming forward to exercise the functions assigned to his
office upon the few occasions contemplated by the constitu-
tion. In the opinion of the opposition, indeed, the office is
one more of honour and dignity than active partisanship in
the arena of political conflict, with certain added potential
prerogatives, however, of inestimable utility for the pre-
servation of order upon occasions.
In the lengthened debate, which turned mostly upon the
right of a ministry to continue to hold their places when so
inadequately supported, and upon the impropriety of Mr.
Draper remaining in the house to vote after be had virtually
accepted the judgeship, and • new writ had been issued for
his constituency, but little allusion was made to the minis-
teriel negotiations with Mr. Caron for the admission of cer-
tsin French leaders to the executive council. A
full debate will no doubt take plac3 upon that question, the
correspondence having been laid on the table of the two
houses. The following is the memorandum banded by Lord
Elgin to Mr. Morin :
Cosrumerisi. ftexorissnum.—The governor-general is sincerely
desirous that in the administration of the affairs of the province, the
interests and feelings of that important section of the inhabitants
winch is of French origin should meet with the tallest attention and
consideration. It would be very vat lackey to kiln, therefore, to
have the mean. of including is his executive council some of those
gentlemen who enjoy in a high degree their esteem and confidence.
lie has roma to believe that this object might under existing cir-
cumstances be accomplished with crest advantage to the public, and
on terms that would be fair both to them and the members of the
prevent council. The governor-general has too sincere a respect for
the gentlemen to whom he addresses himself, to ask their assent to
any proposal involving a sacrifice of principle. But in inviting them
to consider the practicability of scat an arrangement as he has sug-
gested, and to favour him with their ae..timente thereupon, he desires
to express kin confident hope that objectiocis founded on personal or
party differences If such exist) will yield tattle dictates of parted=
and public duty.—Monalands, Feb. 23, 1047.
To this, as yen have been already informed, Mr. Morin
gave a brief reply in the negative. That reply has not yet
transpired, but its substance is perfectly well known. After
receiving Mr. Morin's negative, his excellency seems to have
thought he could go no further in the intended negotiation,
and he handed the matter over to his council, who took upon
themselves to transmit the memorandum to Mr.Csron at Que-
bec,with an invitation to open .negotiation with them upon the
same basis. The correspondence now published shows that
three out of seven seats in the executive council were
offered to Mr. Caron and his friends, " gentlemen enjoying
in thigh degree the confidence and esteem " of the French
Canadian population; that the seventh seat, that of Mr.
Daly, secretary of the province, had been placed by that
gentleman in the hands of the governor-general; and that
the council of six were to select the occupant of the seventh
seat, his excellency deciding in case of their being unable to
agree. These were the terms offered, and quite acceptable
to the party ; but a further conce-aion was asked. It was
demanded, as a condition precedent, that Mr. Daly should in
no case form part of the administration; and this demand
was deemed inadmissible, inasmuch as, seeing there was no
privilege of exception as to persons claimed by the ministe-
rial negotiators, they could not, in fairness to themselves,
concede such a privilege to their opponents ; and least of
could they content to brand their own colleague with a sea-
tenni of official exclusion. Upon this the negotiation went off.
Had the friends of Mr. Caron entered the council, they
would probably have found no great difficulty in obtaining
the right of appointing to Mr. Daly's seat; but to require
his exclusion by his colleagues us • preliminary was to
require an act of dishonour from them they could not have
committed without terminating their own official lives, nor
could the governor well have concurred in ouch an arrange-
ment.
Mr. Caron' soon after the close of the correspondence, was '
deprived of his appointment as speaker of the legislative
council, and the Hon. Peter M'Oill, an eminent merchant,
retired from business, was appointed in his stead, with a '
seat in the executive council. The removal of Mr. Caron II
has been thought a berth proceeding. The appointment of
Mr. hVGill gives satisfaction to most parties, on account of
his highly honourable character and the absence of virulent
partisanship in his politics; and it is, besides, a wholesome
principle to have men of mercantile wisdom and substance
in the council, instead of leaving it to b 3 composed of
lawyers, political declaimers, and a few to whom the emolu-
ments of office are essential as a means of livelihood.
Lady Elgin has arrived, witlillber brother, the Earl of
Durham, and her sister; and Cho houses have pared ad-
dresses of congratulation on the subject.
Mr. Draper departs for England by this mail, on leave of
absence for a few months. As a politician he will be a lose
to the country, and his debating powers being withdrawn
from parliament will leave a blank, how to be filled I
know not. Mr. Draper entered public life es a tory politi-
cian, but having attempted to moderate the extreme notions
of his party, and adapt the political creed to the real wants
and condition of the country, something d la Peel in the
mother country, his party fell off from him in sections ; and,
although be would have continued to lead a parliamentary
majority, it would not have been so firmly knit together as
might have been desirable.
The emigration by the St. Lawrence is of an alarming
character this year. Already 30,000 have arrived, anal there
are 60 vessels lying at the quarantine station, off Grosse Isle,
with emigrant*. The deaths at sea, and Grosse Isle, and on
the passage between Quebec and Montreal, have amounted
to at least 3,000, and the member of sick is almost past com-
putation. A contagious pestilence in much feared. X.

SWITZERLAND.—BEANE, JUNE 24.—A great
assembly was held on Monday last, the 21st, at Brunnen, in
the canton of Schwyz, on the borders of the Lake of Lucerne,
by the delegates of the seven separatist cantons. The most
violent resolutions have been almost unanimously adopted,
which show that the league relies, as a last resource, en
foreign intervemion. Two or three protestants of note were
seen at this conference. 'till now, the conservators of this
confession had, in general, been very sober of any hostile
demonstrations relative to questions which appear to belong
principally to the domain of religion. This circumstance
suffices to restore its true character to the actual crisis, which
is that of a mortal straggle between the two great principles
which divide the political world. The French ambassador,
M. Bois le Comte, attended by his Jinn secretary, M. Rein-
hardt, continues his excursions through the cantons, and will
not return to Berne before the opening of the diet; in the
meanwhile, it is assured by some, that he has received the
full and entire approbation of his cabinet relative to the
strange communication he mete known to the new
president of the Vorort, M. Ochsenbein • others, who
pretend to be well informed, say that this diplo-
matist will be shortly called home, not that the
minister Ouizot is dissatisfied with the zeal he has shown
in the interest of the minority rebelling against the
orders of the Diet ; but, because the too great a degree of ,
evidence which he gave, on his dibui, of the intimate alliance
now existing between France and Austria paralyses the in-
fluence be could have exerted over the liberal cantons. Tne
British envoy, Mr. Peel, continues to follow quite a different
system, and exhibits at every opportunity the most declared
sympathy for the came Berne and Zurich are endeavouring
to promote.—Conslitutionnet.
PRUSSIA.—CoLOcNE, JUNE 24.—0 n the 23rd
inst., a locomotive engine brought to Oesebersleben several
persons seriously injured by an accident which had taken
place, a few hours before, on the train going from Magdeburg
to liallmirstadt. The axletsi eof one of the wheel, of the
first diligence having broken, that carriage and the three fol-
lowing were overthrown and broken. The conductear and
three travellers were killed on the spot, azi!l a considerable
number of persons wae injured.

INDIA.
We were enabled, yesterday, to publish news by
the Overland Mail from Calcutta to the 11th, Madras
12th, and Bombay 20th May. We now give our
correspondent's letter, which contains the intelligence
in a more detailed and interesting form.
BOMBAY, MAY 20, 1847.
Since my last, of the 12th instant, scarcely any-
thing of interest has occurred in India with the exception
supplied by the Nizam's dominions, where events have come
to that pass that our interference in its affairs has become
imperative. In my last I mentiested that the Nizam's troops
had become mutinous. The contumacious soldiers are the
private troops of the King, and have no coanexion with the
" contingent." It would appear that the minister wished to
rid the state of these troublesome mercenaries, but the mea-
sure* pursued by him to effect his object were in the last de-
gree objectionable, and such as no body of men with arms in
their hands would in any part of the world submit to. The
state was indebted to them as arrears of wages somewhere
about 200,0001. (twenty months' pay), bat the minister tried
to put them off with 50,0001., or five months' wages, alleging
that this was the time he had been in office, and
• that he knew of nothing which had occured prior to that
time. The Nizam is greatly against the disbandment
of his household troops, probably imagining that while pos-
sessed of them ho was in a measure independent of our
authority, and that their removal from his command would
inflict eternal disgrace on his name and dignity. But I
presume that a mightier than he has issued the fiat for their
disbandment, otherwise it is a measure which Sooraj-00l-
Moolk would never of his own accord have ventured on.
The mutineers refused to deliver up their arms, or to receive
the five months' wages offered them, and the minister, justly
fearing that they would make him the first object of attack,
solicited the aid of our troops of the contingent to guard
him at his palace in the city. Accordingly four guns, ma-
ned by European artillerymen, under Major Ditmas ; four
companies of 11.M.'s Seth Foot, under Major Russell ' • the
'
37th and 40th N.I. under Majors Wardroper and Noble,
the whole commanded by that brave officer Colonel J.
Wallace, of Elephant-rock fame, were ordered from
Secunderabad on the night of May 3, to march on the
capital, and they came in sight of Hyderabad by daylight
the following morning. It was thought this demonstra-
tion would have been sufficient to awe the mutineers into
submission, but they, on being ordered to lay down their
arms, returned an answer of defiance; doubtless, consider-
ing themselves able, by mere numbers, to defeat any at-
tempts which might be made to subdue them by such •
small detachment, they mustering nearly 15,000 men, while
Colonel Wallace's brigade did not amount to above 2,500.
The troops were upon this directed to enter the city on the
following morning, which they did, accompanied by Generals
Fraser and Lovell, and the whole of their staff. The force
marched to the palace of the minister, where refreshment* ,
were provided for them, the officers being regaled in the
house. The mutineers bad, in the meanwhile, prepared for
resistance at the gate through which it was expected they
would have =erred the city, but, fortunately, General
Fraser bad proceeded by another route, or the con-
-1 sequences would have been fearful. The troops were
to remain in the town till affairs had been satis-
factorily arranged. By latest accounts the mutinous Line-
Wallahs had consented to lay down their arms, and quit
the city, on being paid their arrears : they had before re-
fused to allow their arms to be taken from them on any con-
sideration. The proceedings of the minister had given great
offence to General Fraser, our resident ; and it is to be hoped
such steps will be taken by him as will prevent for the
future such unjust attempts on the part of Soorajeul-
Moolk. The British force which entered Hyderabad on the
tth May is said to have been the first ever seen within its
walls. Unless a speedy reformation take place in the ad-
ministration of its affairs, 1 fear it will be far from being the
last.
It is seldom anything appears in the public papers regard-
ing the Mysore state, but in the Bombay Times of Wednes-
day last you will find an able article on its affairs—an article
which will furnish food for comment throughout England—
ay, and the Continent too. Why our government should
continue to keep the present rajah out of sovereign pos-
session of his country, in contravention of our treaties
with him, seems to me incomprehensible. Goomsoor
is said again to be getting as unsettled as ever
—by one party attributed to the removal of our late agent,
Captain M`Pherson by another to the measures adopted by
Brigadier Dyce. An influential hill chief favourable to us
is said to have been murdered by the insurgents; and other
chiefs disposed to order and regularity, are, through fear of
the rebel,, taking part in their proceedings. Conciliatory
measures were again about being resorted to with the chief
rebel, Sam Bisallye ; but a man of note stated, in answer to
a question as to what would induce the Khonda to abolish
the " Meriah" sacrifices, that that was no affair of the
rajah's, and he therefore could say nothing in•the matter.
Factions run high in India as elsewhere, so that one cannot
properly come at the truth from what appears in the papers;
and this from no dishonesty on the part of the journalists,
but from the information supplied them by the different
actors in the transactions they describe. Certain it is,
however, that the disturbances are far from being put
down. The departure of Lord Hardinge would
seem to be definitively fixed for January : he pro-
ceeds from Simla to Calcutta in October, to make
arrangements for his successor's assumption of the reins of
government. He, the commander-in-chief, Sir John Littler,
and the lieutenant-governor of the north-west provinces, are
now at Simla, where they remain during the hot season ; Mr.
Clerk and Sir W. Cotton leave Bombay in a fortnight's
time for the Deccan ; so that the Governor of Madras will
be the only one at his post for the next four months to come.
A large amount of discussion has been occasioned by the
judgments pronounced by the judges of the Madras Supreme
Court to the case of a Hindoo girl who had embraced the
Christian faith, and who had refused to reside with her
parents, on the plea that if she (lid so she would be persecuted
for the purpose of inducing her to renounce her new creed.
A writ of habeas corpus was granted, and on the case coming
on for trial before Sir E. Gambier and Sir W. Burton, they
decided that the child was possessed of sufficient intelli-
gence to be allowed to choose for herself irrespective
of her age (twelve—though her parents and others deposed
she was only seven or eight). In the case of the Hindoo
sonnet, whose ease was tried in Bombay a few years since,
who was of the tame age, and I should imagine much more
intelligent than the girl et Madras, Sir E. Perry and Sir H.
Roper decided entirely by the age, and ordered that he
should be delivered up to his father. He is now at Poonah
with his parents, having, I believe, returned to the faith of
his fathers. The reporter of the Atlas, by some means gave
a very erroneous report of the latter part of the gulden' of
Sir W. Burton, which represented him as reflecting, in a
sat serious manner, on the integrity. of his Bombay
brethren ; it turned out that the "pandering to prejudices"
made use of by the learned judge, referred to the conduct of
certain parties at Madras, and not to the Bombay judges at
all, though both Sir E. Gambier and Sir W. Burton ex-
pressed their decided dissent from the doctrines laid down
by Sr H. Roper and Sir E. Perry in the case referred to.
The Times very properly substituted the correct reports of
the judgments of the Madras ju:lges, in its overland paper,
for that published the day before from the Atlas. A Beth-
min b has been baptised by the missionaries at Visage-
-1 Wan; which, as usual, caused a good deal of commotion
I amongst the inhabitants of the place. Seemly anything
has occurred at Bombay during the past week. Sir D. Pol-
lock quits our shores on Saturday for the Cape of Good
Hope, by the Childs Harold ' • his state of health is far teem
being what his friends would wish it to be. A new postage
act is about being passed, by which all letters will be charged
one aline for a tolah ((Mee drachms) weight, above a tolah
two minas •, all to be charged at the former rate.
This will be a boon to the public, and will in a short
time produce • nub loner revenue to the state then that
now derived from Oho post-office, as thousands of native let-
ters, now claadestbeely sent by private carriers, will then all
pas through the ragalar post. To newspaper readers and
proprietors the boon wall be still greater, as the high rate of
postage now charged preeludes many from taking to papers
who would othonwho de so. Several further particulars of
Lb lsrts bowohoom bays bow published, all tending to cen-
tre' the meows of the groat loss of life which had taken
place. The European Apothecary, of whom nothing had
been heard at the date of my last, has reached Vingorla in
safety. The Buckinghamshire is within a short distance
of Bombay, making her way under jury-masts.
The news from Seinde and the Punjaub is so far unim-
portant as to afford scarcely an item of intelligence. Sir C.
Napier is at Kurrachee with his family. The governor is
buoy devising measures for the suppression of the numerous
ems of theft daily occurring at Kurrachee, the chief of
whisk are the lash and parading delinquents through the
- s asses with their faces pipeclayed. The weather was
Sod and agreeable, and the troops healthy. Colonel Shaw,
ores 11th N. 1., had been appointed to command in Upper
lesieris the head quarters being Shikerpore. Mr. Mc Lead,
1 ON =Hector of customs at Kurrachee, was still at this latter-
nerned place, engaged in devising means for the improve-
ment of the traffic on the Indus New barracks for a
European corps, at Kurnchee, were about being commenced,
the old ones, which cost 60,0001., having been condemned.
Those lately built at Hydrahad are still uninhabited. The
appointment of Ranger of Forests in Seinde was to be abo-
lished.—Everything continued quiet at Lahore. Lieut.
Nicholson, who had been deputed to Meehan, had turned
back on his route, and returned to the capital. A new
governor, in th 2 person of the Deleon Hakeem Rae, had
been appointed to Peshawur. The coins of James) had
been ordered by the Maharajah Goolaub Singh to
be exclusively used throughout his new province
of Cashmere, in which country the Idabarejah was
at latest dates, residing. Further disturbances had occurred
on the confines of Rawal Pinder, which, however, had been
easily suppressed. Col. Lawrence continued to rise in the
estimation of the Sikhs, his measure of granting petulant
to the families of those who fell in the late campaign having
given the greatest satisfaction. All apprehensions of a ter-
mination to the present satisfactory state of affaire in the
Sikh dominions have; ceased ; and the troops quartered at
the capital seem as wine as thou at any station is
the company's dominions. The Jullundltur Doab continued
quiet as usual, the troops healthy, and gaieties of all kinds
the order of the day.
The prosecution of the parties engaged in the coal cos-
spumy to defraud government has been recommended by
the advocate-general to be abandoned for want of evidence
but it is thought the recommendation will not be attended
to—at least, that further searching inquiries will be insti-
tuted into the matter by the sueerintendent of the Indian
navy, who is +aid to be far from satisfied with the result of
the magistrate's investigations. There, doubtless has been
fraud somewhere, and it surely can be detected properly
set about ; and so thinks Sir Robert Oliver.

QUICK PASSAGE ACROSS THE CHANNEL.—The
India mail was brought to Dover from Boulogne yesterday,
by the General Steam Navigation Company's steam-Mtp
Star, in 1 hear and 5.5 minutes.