The Express.
London, England, 1853-10-07 00:00:00

LONDON, FRIDAY, OCTOBER 7.

Tint azgregate rcd•tapism and aristocratic conser-
♦atism of Europe Live clubbed their forces to per-
guide the world that the Emperor of Itt'sstA ought
to le: allowed to hare his will u regards Turkey. for
the sake of peace. If you attempt to stop him, they
vow and protest we are sure to have war. They
bellow uu , with tedious iteration, that the sole object
of the athocates of Turkish independence is to pro-
voke a war. This is a most unblushing misrepresen-
tation and itiv still...atom The ohjt et of the opponents
of Russian aggression, throughout the controversy,
has been to obtain some ch.ence of preserving peace.
Th.•y have admitted, with pain, that the bully-
ing attempt at usurpation by Russia has

rendered it extremely problematical whether
peace can be preserved by any means or on any
contingency. The possibility of war they have looked
sadly but firmly in the face. But their great argu-
ment has been that if there were any way of pre-
serving peace, it wu by arresting Ituseiau aggres-
sion promptly and decidedly at the outset.
The opponents of Russia on the great Eastern
question are the real friends of peace. They know
the of with which that Power has sought to
steal a march upon Turkey and Europe, under
the pretext of delct.ding some petty nun:Ruing
privileges of the Greek rite io Turkey—
which privileges have not in fact been
assailed. In a series of treaties—concluded at the

close of as many wars—Russia has contrived to get
inserted stipulations, vague at first, but gradually
becoming more definite, which might afford it a pre-
text at any time fur interfering in the domestic
affairs of the Ottoman Empire. The object of this
insidious,- stealthy, unintcrmittcd process was silently
to weave around Turkey bonds which, like the
magic thread of Mainsuna, should appear weak, until
the victim was irretrievably enmeshed in them, '
The squabble about the affairs of the Holy Se-
pul,hre, and the occupation of the Danubian
Proviucts, is but a part of this systematic
aggression upon Turkey. Russia's aim is in
the first place to aggrandise itself by appropriat-
ing the Ottoman dominions; in the second place, to
avail itself of the iucressed strength it hopes to gain
by that usurpation, more certainly to domineer over
Europe and trample out every spark of constitutional
liberty.

'l'o yield to this last move of Russia would only
be to facilitate the further progress elite usurpations.
A stand must be made against them some time,
unless Europe is prepared to submit to Cossack
domination. There are traitors within her gates
ready to hail with joy the advent of the Russian
hordes, and make common cause with them. The
sooner a stand is made the more easy it will be
to repel Huard'. A more resolute policy, on the part
of England and France at the outset of the late nego-
tiations, would either have terrified Russia at once into
retracing its steps, and then there would have been
no war, or it would have brought on the contest
before Russia was thoroughly prepared, and the war
would have been more brief.

It seemed fit to the wise heads which regulato the
affairs of France and England to think and act other-
wise ; it seemed fit to the equally wise heads which
regulate the affairs of Austria and Prussia, to emu•
late, or go be 3 ond the Western Powers in their tem-
porising policy. They are now likely to reap
the fruit of it. War appears to be all but
inevitable. The insolence of Russia—growing more
intolerable in proportion as the other Powers gave
way to it—bas had its natural effect of galling the
Turks beyond endurance. The Emperor of RUSSIA
—aware of the emptiness of his own and the Aus-
trian Treasuries—beginning to suspect that the

English; and French Governments are really in ear-
nest in their opposition to his imperious will—is
understood to have shown symptoms of a desire to
retrace his steps, but not till it is too late. The Porte
is now ire disposed to let him off so easily as the
Western Powers might be.
It is& dreadful thing to look upon war as immedi-
ate and inevitable. What a world of misery must
be suffered because ace bloated despot has been at
once unjust and insolent! And yet, fully and deeply
is we &roll this conviction, the lodger we
fellleTtleitOn the matter the more we feel inclined to
come to the conclusion that for the joint interests of
Turkey and Europe, immediate war is the most de-
airabie termination of the controversy.
Had Russia accepted the Vienna Noto as modified
by the Turkish Ministers, immediate war would
have been avoided ; but the status gust which
existed when the Ilanculaorr mission first reached
Constantinople would have remained unaltered. At
some future period Russia would have been certain
to avail itself of the insidious and surreptitious treaty
stipulations to which we have adverted above. The
so-called peace would have been but a hollow truce.
But the first cannon fired on the Danube will blow
all these treaties, with all their stipulations, to the
four winds of Heaven. Nay, it may be argued that a
mere declaration of war is sufficient in the eye of
international law to abrogate all treaties pre-existing
between the Powers thereby placed in the relation of
belligerents. The bonds, therefore, which Russia
has been silently, at different opportunities, throwing
around Turkey will have been broken. The destined
prey will have burst from the toils of the spoiler. It
must be the care of Turkey and her allies, when pa-
cific relations are re-established between the Ottoman
and Russian Empires, to make a stand
against the resuscitation of every compact
that attributes to 'Russia such right of inter
ference in the internal affairs of Turkey, or any
part of the Turkish territory, as is irreconcileable
with the sovereignty of the Porte within its own
dominions—with the independence of the nation.
The brushing away of those diplomatic springes which
Russia has been so assiduously setting for Turkey
would be cheaply purchased by a war.

On the other hand, the want of wisdom evinced by
the Emperor of Rt:sste in provoking a war with
Turkey at this moment—and of the Austrian Govern-
ment in abetting him—looks like infatuation. A war
between any of the despotic Powers and any neigh-
bour at this time can be compared to nothing
but one of those buccaneering duels in which the
combat►nts exchanged shots over • barrel of gun-
powder with the top stove in. Europe is every-
where thickly strewed with combustible matter, and
they who have most to lose thereby insist upon incur-
ring the rick of setting fire to it. The friends of
rational progress—from the most moderate of Whigs
to the Demwratie Pacifique—tnay shudder at the
prospect; but there is not • Red Republican
in Europe, not an ,'tneutier by profession, but will
hail the commencement of a war with delight. The
fiercest of tempests, however, must have an end.
War must some time or another be succeeded by

peace, which will find the despotic ruleta weak sad
exhausted by their exertions, and the people strong
in their immortal youth. The friends of rational
freedom may therefore eye the coming storm with,
comparative tranquillity; but the absolute rulers
who have provoked it—or connived at its provocation
—may rest assured that if once it begins to rage in
earnest, many of their already tottering thrones will
be laid prostrate by it before it blow over.

LATEST FROM THE CONTINENT.

(ST SOMARINS •su SCROPSAN TILIORAPH.)

VIENNA, WZDMESDAY EVENIXO.

The semi-official Currtsposukuce publishes the
intelligence from Constantinople of the 27th nit.
received cut Trieste.

The probabilities pointed to an immediate decla-
ration of war, but the ambassadors had not aban-
doned the hope that reciprocal concessions might yet
be made.

The Lloyd's advice' say that the Divan's resolve
was an" eventual" declaration of war.

There were six British and four French war-
steamers at Constantinople, including those stationed
there for the special service of the ambassadors.

SMYRNA, SEPT. 23.

To-day the Hungarian, Martin Kossta, left for the
United States, with the consent of the Austrian go-
vernment.

TIIE UNITED STATES.

--.

SOUTHAMPTON, Tau RSDAY.

The Franklin arrived at Cowes this evening on
her way to Havre. She left New York on the 24th
ult. A great meeting took place in New York to
present Captain Ingraham with a public testimonial
for rescuing Kosta from the Austrians. Commodore
Vanderbilt has arrived at New York in his yacht,
the North Star. Gold in great abundance, it is re-
ported, has been found in the Rio Mescals. At
Havannah there were no operations in sugar, owing
to the high prices of freight. The Mayor of Mon-
treal has resigned, in consequence of the popular
hatred against him for his connexion with the
G .vazzi riots. Yellow fever is still on the decline in
New Orleans and Mobile, but is ravaging the small
towns along the coast and the plantations in the
interior. Yellow fever has broken out in Philadel-
phia. Dreadful tires have happened in Manchester,
N.H., and Brooklyn. The Africa's news had
no effect on the cotton market, but caused a rise in
bresidstuffs. Cotton unchanged; breadstuff's dearer ;
freights moderate. Exchange, 1091 to 110.

The Franklin has on board 300 ,000 dollars in
speck for France.