The Express.
London, England, 1848-07-17 00:00:00

t (fTlltti:

588.] LONDON, MONDAY, JULY 17, 1848. [THREEPENCE.

neat day. But they recalled to mind that the movement in
Moldavia, two months previously, had failed for want of
firmness, Stouru having demanded • day's reflection, and
having during the 'stela incarcerated, tortured, and pro
scribed the beat patriots. The people accordingly remained
firm. Bibesco then hastened to the principal barracks,
sounded the disposition of the soldiers, and tried to secure
their services, but all declared that they would not fire on
their brethren. The prince accordingly returned to the pa-
lace and signed the new constitution. On the same day,
21st June, he composed a new ministry, in which t'e chiefs
of the movement entered. The Russian general, Duhamel,
witnessed this revolution. It is even stated that, before
ceding, Dibesco consulted him, and that Duhamel replied
' I have no advice o give you ; the country undermined
by revolution. Immediately alter, Duhamel left for Leowa,
(on the Pruth, in Bessarabia), and ordered the Russian
troops to advance."

attempts of France on Spain have brougletewils as our diplo.
may. Onrtreaties, our alliances, our arnues,have always come
back to us in tatters, or cut to pieces. Spain is not the road
to the grandeur of France; she can give us no aid on the
seas, since she has only ports that are empty, deserted
arsenals, and some dismasted frigates at Carthagena ; she
can furnish us no auxiliaries by land, for it is never on the side
of the Ps renees that the existence of Francs can be threat-
ened. Speaking in a diplomatic sense, we cannot, and we
ought not, to see in her but one sole action—the action of a
friendly country ; but we ought not to mix ourselves up
with her government r r her internal factions. Every other
d.plomacy in Spain is a deception, where much maybe
lost and nothing gained; and a useless and dangerous occasion
of coolness and rival ittfluences with England. Would you
have the proof that this diplomacy is the best for an in-
flence ? If you would, lock at what has putted. I in.
strutted our agents in Spain to pursue the policy I have
adverted to. I recommended them net to mix themselves
up with any intrigues in Spain, and to abandon affairs
to themselves. What has been the result? Why, that
at the end of three months England has lost there all the
ground she thought she had gained, and that, spite the dy-
nastic sympathies which declared themselves at first
against the Republic, the favour of the government
and the nation has returned of itself, as a mat-
ter of justice, to confidence and good relations with us.
I now come to Italy. Italy wee, after the 24th of February,
a question for us, not solely of theoretic diplomacy. ; it was
an urgent question, an immediate question of decision and
action. It you do not give us credit for the skill of our con-
duct of affairs during the Provisional Government, do jus
tics at least to the power of the revolution of February. Do
not forget that after the revolution of February all Italy
was enslaved or occupied, and that now, thanks to its
awls and yogi. attitude, which was an act of good erase,
almost all • Italy is free ; that is, that twenty-
six millions of men are now allied with you. Ought
we, on the morrow of the revolution, to have iromatercly
crossed the Alps, and in our own name have attacked the
Austrians in Italy ? lb not forget that the base of all our
policy was respect and friendship for Germany, and that an
eggression so pereonal and uncalled for on Austria, would
have been construed as a gratuitous aggression on all Ger-
many bordering the Rhine, and would heve driven into the
Itivetian alliance all northern Germany, which our policy
and the policy of peace would have kept asunder. No,
we did not thus consider the question; we did
not induce Charles Albert to make war on Austria;
the enthusiasm of his subjects, the cry of Italy, his
situation, the ambitition of his councils, the personal
ambition of glory perhaps sufficiently incited him without us.
His inveterate personal alliance with Austrian absolutism
could not prevail against the impulsion of all Italy. He
declared war. From the day when he advanced, we said
boldly,—we said at the tribune —what you yourselves
have said—ltaly shall be free. We said of two things,
one ; either Charles Albert shall triumph alone, with
the support of other Italians, over Radeteky, and then
Italy will owe to herself her liberty, or Charles Albert will
submit, and the independence of his provinces in Northern
Italy will be seriously menaced by the Austrians, and then we
will interfere as of right tor the safety of France, end the
existing nationalities. And it was on that ace and that the
Minister for Foreign Affairs of the provisional government
required, as the first act of his peaceful diplomacy, t' o f emo-
tion of a division of 54,000 into at the foot of the Atiet. You
will not requite that I should toter into detain on our
actual position, any indiscretion aa to which might compro-
mise the country. Italy shall he free, or France will herself
partake the dangers; that is all I can be permitted to say at this
moment. One word however, in reply to a reproach which rut
me to the heart in the speech of M. Napoleon Bonaparte. He
said, " The Republic has no policy—no foreign diplomacy.
I prefer my bad policy to no policy at all. There are
political follies which are glorious. which sometimes save the
people, or, at Is sat, do honnur to the people whom they de.
stray." He referred, to justify his declaration, to the four-
teen armies of the Convention, and the great wars of that
heroic epoch of crises mid of glory. But he has fur
gotten one thing—that in the midst of its mercies, the
Convention was lull of wisdom and moderation towards
those nations and governments which did not attack
France; that it least and preserved elite, not only
amongst the republics but ahsuluto sovereigns ; that it
did not carry war into countries gratuitously which had
offered it peace ; that its policy of 11 armies wan not a
policy of choice, but of necessity and despair ; and that in
this despair and necessity alone, did the convention find,
relying on the nation, the energy to raise these fourteen
armies, and to bring about the triumph of the Itep.iblic
and French nationality. It was not the diplomacy of the
conviutiou, it was its heroism, it was the desperetc heroism
of the country. We are not in the same circumstances.,
thanks to the wisdom of that very policy you accuse, and
if we should be we should find the same energy and the same
support from the nation. As to the diplomacy of Napoleon,
lam an admirer of all concerted with him but two thins—
his idea of legislative organisation at home, and his diplo-
macy abroad. As to his legislative idea, it was only a
sublime but unintelligent reaction, in my opinion, against
the democratic party, that he would regulate and restrain,
but not destroy. All these institutions were opposed to
revolution—the age, and liberty. As to his diplomacy, it was
only the diplomacy a the cannon. Ile tore the map of the
world without one attempt to restore it; he mutilattd with
the sword all the nationalities and all the natural alliances
of France without thinking of the morrow. After so much
blood was spilled, and so much glory acquired, what
remained to us? Only his name! As to It ranee, when
she looked around her, sho found herself abandoned, sus.
petted by all governments, odious to all nations ; with
Poland. whose liberties she held in her hand, more
enslaved than ever; with Italy, which she had occupii d
for ten yearn without having done more than accustoming her
to change Of servitude, and without having implanted a
single vital germ of independence. With Spain, animated
with remembrances against us of an atrocious war; with Ger.
many violated and usurped in all its teritories ; with
Russia incensed even to her deserts; with Europe, in short
charging all her grids, all her detests, and all her regent-
meats to the account of France. This may be called glory,
I admit, but if it be called diplomacy, it is at least a dip•
lomacy that the Republic shall not imitate with my
consent, so long as I shall have a voice in its councils.
The Republic of the 24th February boast, of smother diplo
=icy than that of the Convention and the Empire—than that
of despair or cmquest The influence acouireu in four months
by France, the impossibility of seeing again formed against
her a coalition, unless she herself renew it with her
own hands attests, whatever M. Napoleon Bonaparte may
say, that there is; a policy as democratic as national ;
a policy as firm as moderate. It is this policy that the go-
vernment of February has inaugurated, and of which I have
no doubt the press at government will follow the great out-
line and the auspicious traditions.
General Cavaignac has declared that, unless some
serious cause should occur to prevent it, the state of
seige will be taken off on the 25th inst.
Ibrahim Pacha, who is at this time engaged in the
reorganisation of the Egyptian army, has obtained
from the Frenn Government a certain number of
sub-officers as instructors and to form a regiment of
French engineers in Egypt.

Letters from Madrid say th,t the Cortes will be
convoked for the 10th or the 13th October. At that
period, the Queen, who will then have been
enceinte five months, will come to Madrid, to be
present at the prayers and religious ceremonies
usually had in such cases for the Queen of Spain. ,
A letter from the frontier, of the 10th, announces'
that the band of Montemolinista who crossed the
frontier into France, were not induced to do so
by reason of a check near Vera, but that they
were betrayed by a guide who, in lieu of taking them
to the place assigned by them, had conducted them
into France, where they were compelled to lay down
their arms to a French patrol.
On the evening of the 9th, all the disposable troops
of the garrison: of San Sebastian belt far Navarre,
only leaving the artillery and the depots to guard the
fort.

- -
WALLACHIA,—We read in the Paris National
—" The events which arc passing on the banks of the Danube
are so grave that it is a duty for the press to call the atten-
tion of France to them. The following i.e a simple recital of I
what has just occurred in Wallachia. Prince Bihesce was I,
at Campo Longo, a town of the mountain, when he learned
that a movement was prepariug at Buchan:at. He returned i
in great baste on the 7th June (the 19th, according to our '
calendar), and immediately the authorities proceeded to
search the houses of several known patriots, and among
them that of the artist Nagoulitzi, of several members of the
family Galesco, and of M. Galistiano. These searches led to
' no discovery. The next day, the Bth (20th June), the prince
returned from the promenade, accompanied by the Minister
of Finance, Villara. As they were passing three shots were
discharged from a vehicle, and one of them struck the epau-
lette
of the prince, but neither he nor his minister were
wounded. Whist the vehicle went off at a gallop the prince
entered the house of his son in-law Philippesco, and he
caused himself to be escorted bye detachment on his return to
the palace. Immediately after the poet C. A. Rosetti, Major
Voinesco Is Genne, and M. Alexander Cocore'co, were
thrown into prison as suspected persons. On the 9th (21st
June) the authorities arrested the students of the College of
St. Setrastien, who, beaded by an archdeacon of the cathe-
dral, displayed agitation on the Promenade Philarete. Mean-
while the prince received from CaracaL • town of Little
Wallachia (the old barest of Craiova), an address bearing •
great number of signatures, among which were remarked
those of the priest John Znagoviano (of the monastery of
Znagow), of John Eliard, of Stephen Oohed", of Gregory
Plecholano, and of Major Tell. This document made known
to him that a revolutionary committee had just been formed
at Caracal, and he was summoned in the name of Roumania,
and of the sovereign people, to prove himself a true Rottman,
to sign the new constitution, of which the text was sent
him, and to place himself at the head of the movement.
At the alms time the young people of Bucharest spread
themselves over the streets, distributing the new constitu-
tion. The people went in a crswd to the palace to demand
•
the signature of the prince. He requested time for rifler
Lion, and mid the people to withdrew, and to return the