The Express.
London, England, 1848-06-15 00:00:00

THE EAST INDIA COMPANY.-THE SUGAR

DUTIES.
Yesterday a special general court of the Eist India
Company was held in their he use, Leadenball-street, is
compliance with the desire of nine proprietors of India
stock, as c spressed in a letter of requisition addressed to the
chairman and directors of the Company.
At the usual Lour (12 o'clock) chi chairman (Sir J. L.
Lurhington) and the majority of the duet of directors
retard the court, and the Mutineer of the day was opened
by the reading the requisedoe upon which the special court
had been convened.
Mr. J. A. AIIECIHNOT said that as one of the parties to
the requisition under which the propri tiny leafy had been
.rembled, it had devolved upon him to submit fur the adop-
tion of his fellow-proprietors the resolution which we; em-
bodied in the requisition. He was aw ite that many around
him were better able to dotal) the principles upon
which the resolution was based, and his.test course would
be to detain the court as shortly as potable. It was
superfluous for him to remind the court that during
the last nine months the number of failures of commercial
houses in India had arisen from the great depreciation in the
home market of sugar the nroduce of the East Indian pas-
seesions of the crown. In fact they were all aware that the
prices realised in the home market were considerably below
the cost of production. Hence they must be cinsinctd that
unless some means were adopttd to restoto- c Furey tad exer-
tion in the East there could be no Itpae- for'e.cee connected
with the commerce of India. (Hear, hear.) lie believed
that %wed not offer any argument to convince those who
had heard of the present depressed state of the sugar trade of
the Indies, and he now came to the next point embraced in
the resolution, namely, the fact proved before the 'elect corn-
mittee of the House of Commons that the near planters of
India were unrble to compete in their home market
with the slave-growing sugar colonies. The evi-
dence adduced before the committee showed that
the cost of the cultivation of sugar in the East Indies
wee not less than twenty-two per cwt., while
Cuba could produce sugar at a cest of cultivation of 83. per
cwt. ; l'orto Rico at Bs. 64., and the Brazils at 103. Oa this
point many !ninnies bad been examined, with a view to
elucidate this portion of the question, and toe most rational
and general explanation given by thee& witnesses was that
the negroes in the slave growing coleni s had far more
strength tied were more powerful than were the free
labourers of India. Another re-eon why the lave-growing
c 4onies could succenfully defeat the exertio,.s of the East
Indian planters was the uncontrolled power given to the
owners of slaves—a power enabling them to work them for
eighteen consecutive hours per diem, and. on Sundays
b: Bides, and thin, with the authority to apiey tho
lash at their diseretimt, presented a at te 0: things
wholly incompatible with the exercise of the labour
of a free country. (Hear, bear.) This was a natural
explanation, which might be seven to thus state of things,
and which showed that free labour c roll not possibly com-
pete with countries in which sliver_ was prrnitted to exist.
India colon
Becore the 'lave eni inetrlo of the West
India colonies, sugar could be produce hint about 63. 6d.
per cwt , but since emancipation the eon of production had
risen to 195. per cwt., and vet on the face of this the United
States of Amelia, some of whom maintained and upheld
the system of slavery, had in 1845 established their protective
duties, because they found they were not able to compete
with the slave-growers of Cuba and the Brazils. (Hear.) But
if evidence was wanted it wan 'furnished in the ODlllGlUllief-
tion addressed to Lord John Russell by the East LAM Asso-
ciation. These statements showed that on the faith of the
assurances of the government in tell, capital had been in-
vcsted end machinery sent out to India, relying on the pro-
mises which the parliamentary proceedines of that year
afforded. Oa this feeling there had been exported, in 1811,
from Madras 1,700 tons of sugar; while in 1816—five years
aft retards—the quantity of exports had increased to upwards
re 8,000 tone. A similar increase ii the exports from
Bengal had occurred, and with respect to them he (Mr.
Arbuthnot) leg further explanation in the hands
of the court of directors and other proprietors, who
were more worthy than himself to address the court.
He now came to another part of the question, and he would
beg to ask the Manchester manufacturer what he would do
with regard to the export of his g,}0.:11 et Delia if he received
nothing in return. Let him look at the results : the exports
of British manufactured goods to India amounted in 1841 to
1,085,9581., while in 1847 they were reduced to 627,3201.,
being a deficiency of about 408,0001. So that the free
traders of the north ought to look with some anxiety to the
bearings of this question upon their pursuits and avocations.
There remained, however, another evil, and that appeared
in the fact that if India could not make her remittances in
her produce, she would be comp .lied to do so in the
precious metals—the bullion. (Hear, hear.) The hen. pro-
prietor, who was most indistinctly heard, concluded by
moving the resolution, and expressing a hope that the court
of directors would use all the Influence in their power with
the government and the legislature, to induce both to sur-
render the feeling of party to the conviction of truth.
Mr. lIANYET seconded the resolution, and in doin,so
animadverted upon the encouragement given to the slave
trade by the course of policy now pursued.
The CHAIRIILN said he hoped the court would excuse his
taking the very earliest opportunity of stating that the
directors entirely approved of the resolution proposed, and
that they would be willing advocates in favour of the peti-
tion to be presented to the legislature. Much had been
said of late with reference to the sustentation and develop-
ment of the resources of India, and yet they had seen of
late years the resources of that portion of the realms of
the crown crippled andetruck down by the legislation which
had taken place. (near, hear.) On the faith of the pro-
mises of the government the cultivation of sugar had been
proceeded with, at an immense outlay of capital in improved
machinery, and maks-. protceticn te tins proeucc wm given
the remittances from India home mast be in bullion. On
the whole question the court of directors entirely acquiesced
in the terms of the rey.lution, and would to the fullest ex-
tent endeavour to carry it out.
Mr. MARRIOTT and Mr. WEEDING, in brief terms, both
expressed their cordial acquiescence in the spirit and. tenor
of the resolution.

...-------
Mr. FIRLIIRR thought there would be great cruets; In
supplanting the claims of India to protection atter the in-
vestment of BO much capital M that country—investment,
•ene, which had been made on the faith of acts of parliament.
D should be considered that India supported her own army
and navy, and that England made her support all the
hoidens of war. Having ruined the cotton and sugar culti-
vation of India they should take care that they did not ruin
the country altogether.
Mr. &MAHAN Paid that until latel the sugar of the East
ha I been excluded from the hoy me mat bet in favour
Indies
of other interests, but when the market of En land was
g
opened to them the value of the sugar imported rose from
168,0001. in 1836 to 1,4e3.0401. in 1817. There was no other
instance of such a rapid increase to be found in any other
article of commerce. Last year Indio supplimi a quarter
of the sugar i unstinted in England—(bear, hear)—and in a
short time she would be ;Otte to supply tile entire home con-
sumption, if toe prosp. eta of the sugar trod° went not
rendered PO uneettain by the vacillating policy of the
ministry here with :merit to that staple article. (Hear.)
IT MIA no time to cripple India when she was threatened
with competition on the pert of China. Ile would not enter
into the circumstances why India, with her great resources,
wee not able to compete with other countries. It wa•
enough that the fact was so. as was shown br the evidence of
the most extensive sugar grower in India. given before the
committee of ths MOM of Commons. He stated that one
year he lost 70,0001., and that the cultivati n of sugar could
not be carried on, ,f under present circumstances it wits int-
We to compete with thu slave-growing countries. He
cUr.Strahan), therefore, thought it quite proper that a
• ntiel duty of 10e. for six years should be imposed in
si..
order to afford a fair field for trying the great question as to
the comparative produnive p men et fresegrovrine countries
and stave-growing countries. It was fair also that those who
had invested capita to a large amount in the cultivnion of
sugar in India, u Ace the faith of legislative enactntents,
should look for protection for some time to come. And for
what rival interests were they mites to abendon their owl cola-
. ties? For the slave-growing countries of Cuba and Beezil Hit
was supposed that by anything they would do Cone countries
would be propane. el, and that they would abandon the
slave trade, they were greatly mistaken. They might be
quite sere that those countries would do evirything to mein.
tain the slave trade. (Hear, hear.) Could those countries
purchase the m mune:tuns of this country to a greater
extent thin their own celoniee 1 But even if they
could, would It be right to purchase, be elute it
seas a hal'perny a pound cheaper, the produce of
countries the manufecturo of which was attended with
evils that had become tae masts of two continents, and in-
flicted upon Africa calamities which humanity shuddered at.
(11, ar, hear.) He contended that a great stimulus had been
given to the slave trade by the act of 1846, and that but fur
that act the 1114,0 trade would hare become extinct of itself,
in consequence of the great and growing increase in the
sugar production of the East Indies. They had here the
fairest prospect of a It gitimate trade, which might be c I need
on with advantage to the labourer of India ant the British
tnerchano which was ,hreateued with utter ruin in order to
teeter a trade with countries that were the means of carrying
desolation into one of the fewest portions of the earth, and
in order that the consumers in this country might have
sugar • few farthings a pound cheaper. (Hear, he a.) Ile
begged to conclude by expressing his entire coneurreace in
the resolution.
Mr. Aldermen SALOMONt+ said that he fill bound to sup-
port the resolution—(dear, heart—became' he thmeht that
a ',reek, ease hail he. it wade out in favour of India, and it
seemed to him that that was the ground on which the matter
had been argued there. With regard to the West Indio.,
there could be little doubt that they had been shamefully
and cruelly treated. (Hear, hear.) They were placed under
restrictions with respect to labour, and they were told that
they must compete with those who were under no such re-
strictions. Was it fair or right, he would ask, to manacle s
man and then to expect from him the same amount of labour
that might be got from a man perfecuy free 1 Tore was
no doubt that too ally and emelt-4,4y they were entitled to
the relief which they asked for from the legislature. Wit
retard to tho Rest Indies, they steed on special grounds, as
he said before. They ought to hesitate a long time hetore
they put in *merely any branch of British trade and
commerce, but mere paitieularly one which had been
eneturested by the legislature itself. (Hear, hear.) Was
there anythinz unfair in asking, when it wos proved that
they eculd not comets with slave growing countries, for
some indulgence ? (Hear.) Those who invested capital in
the cultivation anemic ill India at a great sacrifice had a
claim en the consideration of partite ent. They did not
stand on termed equality with the alave.rtrowine countries,
and on no principles of tire trade ought they to he shut out
from justice. Ile consiiere d the present case was an excep-
tion to the ordinary principles of tree trade, mid he should
therefore vcre for the ri solution.
Mr. GUTHRIR read the protest of Earl Stanhope Lord
Denman, toe Bishop o Oxtorl, and other peers, ateamst the
bill of 1840. and sail that the consequences which they pre-
dicted from that entangle had been fu:filled to the letter.
He believed treat the measure would never have been carried
hut that the season 1 r go use shooting bad then commenced.
The Cooled:is:tan had now no protectien from home, but the
inimbitant- of every other count ry were protected by th. it
respective governments Ile cutleidered it a great mis.ortune
thereto:* to be =weird with the British colonies. The
committee of the House ut Commons had recommended a
ditrerentiel duty of 10s. a cwt. against slave-grown surer,
which was somsthing less than a halfpenny a pound. That
i he coosiderel to Ise a mere act of jostle for it; if the act of
1,16, one of the most unjust, illlberal, and cruel acts that
ever was passed, was to continue, they would ceme to grow
sugar at all.
car. PRINSEP thought that the imposition of a differential
. duty of 10s. was not only due to British ietsrests on the
ground of justice, if it was thought right to preserve
those interests at all, but was due also to the interews of
humanity and morality. (Hear, heir.) India had been
stimulated to cultivate segue by admitting it into this coun-
try on terms nearly equal to thaws of the favoured West
Indies. When that measure passed the price rose 30 and
100 per cent., in cousequence ot the demands from England,
and the cultivation of sugar penetrated to Benaret and Rio
hileund. Companies were formed; establishments made;
the best land of the Gangetic Valley was laid mit
under the encouragement of the act of 1831 ; but in
a short time, end when the speculations tram Lon-
don could be scarcely brousht to maturity, another law was
promulgated, which it. striated ti e hopes of those who
entered into •hese speculations. (Hew, hear.; Ile denied
that there was any just grounds for the new law. Whew
the act of 1841 passed the Vest India interest were alarmed
because of the groat increase in the cultivation el sugar is
Ixdia; but the answer was (and lie believed the Wait ladle
bnly now admitte • th, justice of that answer) that the
people of India had a right, as subjects of the crown, to the
benefit of an vet pulsed by the crown. That was a very
• different case from the present one, when both the East
Indians and the W. at Indians had just grounds of cote-
plaint against the goterement for giving advantages, to
their prejudice, to the alava growing countries of Cuba and
Brazil. The principle of the tree trader was that they
should buy their articles whi re they were to be hal cheapest.
But it should be recollected that they and the slave.
producing countries were not on equal terms. If all parties
were loft free what would it be but a question
of who could extract most labour at the cheapest cost of
food. It would be a contest who was the hardest and most
ctuel taskmaster. They were not prepared to enter into
this contest, and therefore it was that they osked for pro-
tection as against those who treated man es a beast, and
made his labour as available as it could be made by the
employment of force.
The CHAIRMAN pat the resolution, which was carried
with only one dissentient voice.
Mr. AR/t THNOT then banded in the draft of a petition to
be presented to the House of Commons.
The petition was read at lenzth, and was, as usual, but an
echo of the resolution already adopted by the court.
The CHAIRMAS, hows e.o, r •peated that the petition con-
tained no objectionable matter; and that the Court of
Directors were not only prepared to adopt it, but to use
every effort in their power to carry it out.
Mr. Alderman Seeostoos suggested thatit would he well
to omit from the petition the assertion that sugar could not
be now cultiva•ed in the Bout Indies at a less cost than 225.
per cwt. This, he feared, was a statement which might be
questioned in the House of Commons.
A DIRECTOR concurred in the view of the alderman, and
an amendment to the effect of striking out this statement
was agreed to. The petition to the House of Commons, as
thus amended, was unaitiutously. agreed to.
The presentation of the petition was then vote I to Mr.
nissterman M P., whe in accepting the discharge of that
duty, said he not *sly regard. d the bill of 1846 as one of the
most iniquitous measures that ever passed the legislature,
hut that he would make every exertion in his power to carry
out the praier of t:.e petition with which he had been
honoured.—The court then adjourned.

THE LONDON IHOCESAN BOARD OF
EDUCATION.

'ills board held its annnal meeting yrsterday, at
7,', Pall-mall. The Bishop of London in the chair. After
prat era,
Hi- LORD...HIP SfeA that the prcn'nt was ti.e ninth anni-
sirs's', meeting of the board, and that there was great cause
for thanksgiving at the success which had attended their
efforts. The report would state what that success had been
during the lest year. The future was the topic which he
should say a few words upon. As to the question of educat-
ing the people, that was now put beyond doubt. There were
two considerations which culled for remark, namely, as to
funds, and as to the mode of applying those funds to the edu-
cation of the poor. With respect to the education of the
people at large, though there was great reason for imputing
Llama to the Christian community for the neglect which had
marked this important duty in past years; yet, during the
last twenty-five years there were grounds foe self gratula-
tion, in all humility, for the progress that had been made
by the National School Society and their own body
in diffusing Christian principles and knowledge amongst the
poor. Formerly great obstructions wire placed in the way
of education for the working classes, on account of fe►rs
lest it should tend to render property insecure; but these
(ears had been removed, end the obstructions with them.
His reverend brethren were fully aware of the dread-
ful state of those who lived in the courts and
alleys of the metropolis, and of the necessity for taking steps
[ to educate them. Much gratitude was due to the govern-
ment for what it had done in this respect, but the govern-
ment could not do all. What parliament consented to do
was to fill up the measure of private charity, and it rested
with his reverend brethren to continue their efforts to raise
funds. For that purpose it was their duty to get up local
societies in order to stimulate the charity and benevolence
of private individuals to promote this most important
Week. The London Diocesan Board had claims
superior to all other districts on this score, for
in their district the numbers of objects calling for
the aid of the board most abounded. Ho felt for all
the,e reasons the greatest respect and interest in the
schools recently estahlhhed under the name of ragged

szheols. He was meet anxious to bring these schools within
the ie me of the London Damesan Board, and the resale
would be stated in the report. They bad not been quite so
successful as might have been hoped in respect to procuring
funds, but he hoped that the result of the united effete of
the clergy of ris diocese would be to incense the means of
affording church of England education. It was, he believed,
to the exertions of the clergy, as well as of the laity, of the
church that, under God, was to be expected the ameliora-
tion of the people, and not to coercive !ewe—(hear, hear)—
and he trusted that this important truth well duly im-
pressed on the minds of all who heard hits-. (Hear.)
Mr. Br ROM, the secretary, then read the report, which
stated That the altered eircuusstanees of the times had in-
duced the board to turn its attention to objects somewhat
different to those which originally constituted the base of its
operations. The board, however. still remained the medium
of communication on all subjects connected with church
school., hut that it restricted its opt rations to the two arch.
deaconries of London and Middlesex. The system of pupil
teachers and that of apprenticeship adopted by the govern-
ment had proved very successful. The number of young
immune brought forward u. der that system see 31, and no
instance td unworthy conduct had occurred. The system of
apprenticeship ad .pted by the council of education had hew-
ever :Superseded the pupil system of the diocesan Anent,
and the number on their list was now reduced
to 10. The value of the services rendered by the children of
the Diocesan Board Training &Moils Mill admitted by the
g vi rnment inspectors, and by Mr. Cook in his lost rep at.
The principal feature of the loot year's operations of the
board was to he found in the metropolis fund, the nurposes of
which wore—tobuild new schools in populous districts, to
promnte the tormati in of schools, by hiring room, whilst
others were building, to aid existing echo tls by tonal! grants
of money, and to assist clergymen in astablishittg day or
evening schools generally known by the n inns of Ragged
Schools. The lends applicable to these important
purposes during the last year only amounted to
2,1001., being, however, an increase upon their
fund of the previous year, which was I,fet4l. The
committee were using every endeavour to stimulate private
charity to contribute to this fund, and they had hopes that
in future they would he able to contribute more lorgely to
the various schools which required assistance. The board
had already granted 3.101. towards building new schools, and
thereby providing for the education of upwards of 1,700
children. The board was prepared to make grants, not ex
Deeding .11., to needy schools, for the purpese of buying nee I-
ful books and school materials, and these grants wood
entitle the recipients to one of double the amount
from the Gov.ritinent Committee of Education. The
funds in hand amounted to 1,790/., which would
be accounted for when all the donations had been paid in,
but utileas that amount was to be increased the operations
of the h lord would he greatly emu. stead. The report con
eluded by impressing the necessity for vigorous exertions in
stimulating private t harity to swell the amount of the fends
on the part of the clergy of the two a chd.aconrit s, red it
expressed a grateful sent. of the efforts which had marked
the eight year: duration of the society.'
The Rev. J. J eatstisos moved that the report just read
be adopted and printed.
The Rev. Mr. JACKSON seconded the mt tion.
The Rev. J. Cemititett. moved the second resolution, as
(elide": . . .

-......-
That am the objecta for which the Metropolis Schools Fund wa. cr.
tabltsheil atilt call tor the mast strenuou. exertioro of every mend.,
at the church, especially with a view of taking advantage 01 the utter
of uk.h.tur.ce made by government. 1: is highly necessary that every
endeavour be mane to increase that fund, and en.ible the committee to
meet the nutuelous ..pol.cationa for add tu tduaaling pour children in
London.

The Hon. and Rev. M. VILLIEgt seconded the randu-
tion, which was carried unanimously.
A question having been robed as to the expediency of corn.
pelting the teach. rs in ragged sch.e.ls to adopt the Church
of England Catechism in their metros of tesehing before any
grant of money in aid of those schools could be made by the
London Diocesan Board,
The Bi=hop of Lostuost said that tho propriety of intro-
ducing the Church Catichism into the ragged sch,.ols must
be left entirely to the jtidgmeat of the parochial clergy in
the parishes where aid wassolieited from the board on behalf
of ragged schools. It the Church Catechism was to be m►de
the sine quet non of receiving instruction in the ragged
schools, his lordship said he teased few would seek for in-
struction therein. The great object of the London Di scesan
Board, however, was to train pupils for the ins•ruction of
these ragged and other schools for the p ion (Hear. hear.)
Lord HAD.TOCK then wooed that auditors he apooiuted,
and that the thanks of the meeting be given to the Bebop of
London.
Mr. GUNN seconded the motion, which was unanimously
tarried.
The Bishop of LONDON, in expressing his acknowledg-
ments, said that there was no dut7 mere imp. ra•ise than the
one which he fulfilled by presiding over the institution
which lout called mom together, and he trusted he should
be permitted to continue t • lend his humble assistance in
promoting the objects 'which they all had in view.
The meeting then separated.

TILE BRITISH AND FOREIGN UNITARIAN ASSOCIA-
TioN.—Yeeterday at one o'clock the 23rd annual meeting of
the suppoiters of the British and Foreign Unitarian Assneia-
ti,m was held at the chard, Esrx-street. Strand; Alderman
Lawrence presiding. The report showed that tie balance in
hand laat year was 2131. 2s. 61 , and that it was this year
2421. 2.. S I. This, however, was •object to decluv hum, which
made a balance of 31. 10s. 91. against th•• association. hough
this wan the Sundial state of the affairs, it was alli god that
the associath n wag in a If wishing condition, us the income
which was 8311. 17s. emetic t the average of the three pre-
ceding years by ce re than 231., and the annual subs.•rip-
tions. which were 6101 13s. 61•, exceeded the three preceding
years by m.re than 121. The additional property consisted
of a gilt of 1001., of 1041. 17a. is the Three per Cent. Reduced.
and of I,BCOI. 14a. 51. in the Three per Cent. Cone& ; and
there was also a fund arising from the tale of books of 4601.
The report further congratulated the friends of the mull.
two on the progress of Unitarian principles in the provincial
towns of Engl►nd and Scotland, in th.. middle and south of
France, in Portugal, in Montreal and other parts o' Canada,
in the East lonia, among the Brahmins, &c., and stated
that, is reference eis the exclusion of weathers of the 11ni-
teriaa body from admission is the British end le'pretgn
School Suitity, the opinion of the Attorairy.oeaeral had
Men taken, w►isk was to the effect, that the mares
adopted by the school was a violation of the original
institution. The reports were 'greet to, effigies were
elected for the ensuing year, and the meeting ups.
rated, having paned a vote of thanks to the alderman.—
In the evening the members and supporter, of the association
met to celebrate the occasion, at the Rail of Commerce,
Thr, adneedle.s:reet.

INQUESTS, YESTERDAT.—'TIE SUPPOSED MURDER ;
to BerrEeNCA —Before Mr. W. Carter, at the Albert I
Tavern, Dattenea fi.lds, upon the body cf a Mr. C. J.
Cheling,[who was found lying on the shore of the River
Thames, near to the Albert Tavern, on the morning of
Tuesday, the 6th inst., and who, from a subsequent post i
stiortem examination, is believed to have been mord. red.
The first inquest was reported in our paper of Monday.—
Mr. E. Wing, surgeon, who hyl made the post money
ex iminatioo, deposed that he first saw the deceased on
Tuesday, the Gth inst. He appeared to have been in the
water twelve or fourteen hours. His forehead and norm were
much bruised, as were the backs of the hands. Witness
perceived a wound above the anterior angle of the left orbit,
about half an inch in length, and nearly circular. It had
p netrated to the bone. In removing the scalp at the post
mortem examination, marks of three contusions were visible
overthe frontal hone rith coagulated blood, and a fracture of
the bone where it formed the anterior wall of the frontal
sinus, corresponding to the external wound, about the size
of a sixpence ; a small splinter of bone was found loose. On
the opening of the skull there was coagulated blood. When
the brain was remov, d a ciecul it 'lecture of the posterior
wall of the frontal Anus presented itself, with a bullet firmly
impacted in it. About half the bullet projected is the in-
terior of the skull, so as to press on the membrane of the
brain. The cause of death was severe concussion of the
brain, resulting from the pistol-shot in conjunction with the
blows on the head, aided by loss of blood. Presuming that
the deceased shot himself, the concussion would cause him to
lose all control over himself, and a contusion might ensue ;
but it would not produce the marks of three distinct blows.
Witness considered that these injuries were inflicted during
life. He could come to no other conclusion than
that he died a violent death.—Mss. Eliza Coa-
ling, • widow lady, residing at 43, Grove-place,
Brampton, identified the deceased as her ton ; he was 23
years of age, and his name was Charles James Gosling. lie
had formerly held an appointment under Lord J. S interset,
as a clerk in the recruiting department, but he had done
little or nothing the last two years. Ile lived at 13, Queen-
etreet, Golden-square, was married, and had two children.
He lived on very had terms with his wife; he was very
violent at times, and threatened to kill his wife. The last
time witness raw him alive was on Monday week at eleven
o'clock at night; he had come to her two days previously,
when he said his wife had left him, and he was in search of
her, sad thut he hid walked the streets all night after her;
he produced a bottle of vitriol, and gave it to witness, say-
ing, he had intended to use it against her person. On
Sunday the deceased wrote a great deal, and on Monday he
went out for two or three hours, and returned with a small
pistol, which he said was loaded, and would do better for
Maria (meaning his wife) than paltry vitriol ; with that he
was sure to make a good aim; he added that after he
had taken her life he would take his own ; that
he would go out to sea in a boat, shoot himself, and then
throw himself into the water, for no coroner's jury should
ever sit on his body. Deceased left her house to go to his
lodgings, and not hearing anything of him she imagined he
bad gone to Wales, where his wife has some property, and
where he expected she was gone. She did not think he had
any money or valuables on him when he left her house. He
was of a very violent temper, but at times very affectionate.
He had often said if he committed suicide ho should do it in
the manner he had stated. Witness had no doubt this was
his own act.—Mr. T. C. Smith, the landlord of the house
where deceased lodged, said that on more than one occasion
he appeared decidedly deranged.—Mn. Gosling, the wife of
the deceased, was examined briefly, and gave her evidence
in a very collected manner. She said the believed he was
vexes! with her, and that was the cause of his destroying
himself. He had freqoently exhibited symptoms of insanity,
but she had not thought it necessary to obtain advice.—The
jury returned a verdict "That the deceased destroyed
himself by shooting himself with a pistol, be being
at the time in an unsound state of mind."—
SUICIDE OF A CHEMIST.—Before Mr. Wakley, M.P., at the
Hope Arms Tavern, Oxford-street, on the body of Mr.
Clement Downes, aged 26, chemist and druggist, of No. 1,
Duke-street, Manchester-square. The evidence clearly
showed that, during a lit of depression increased by a low
fever, the deceased had committed suicide by drinking a
quantity of prussic acid. In accordance with the evidence
brought forward, the jut,' found "That the deceased cora.
vatted suicide whilst in a state of unsound mind."