The Express.
London, England, 1851-07-03 00:00:00

I'IIAILMACY DILL.

lir. 3. BELT., after presenting a number of petitions
from various parte of the kingdom in favour of the bill,
moved the second reading of the measure. The object of
the bill was to improve the qualifications of pharmaceutical
ehoinista, and to establish the principle that all persons who
made up prewriptions in medicine ought to be educated and
pass an examination. If it were requisite for physicians
to undergo a lung education and pass a series of cumin,-
thine in order to understand what remedies to prescribe, it
wan of course equally requisite that the persons who cum-
poiladed the medicine should he qualified also. It WAS re-
cogniaed 200 years ago. In 1617 the lint incorporation of
apothecaries took place. The apothecaries at that time
held the position which was now occupied by pharmaceu-
tieal chemists; they were vendors of drugs and dispensers
of medicine. In 1846, the hue Sir A.tley Cooper when examined before the parthimeutary committee, said it
was necevory to enforce comminutions, and that if they were
not enforced, the profemion would never lie one of much
use to the public. In promoting this bill it was the
inject of the pharmaceutical body to avoid the error into
which thu apothecaries fell, namely, to give a medi-
cal to it. The honourable member for
Osfordsbire objected to the bill, in the first in-
stant:, un the ground that it would interfere with
a large class of traileseneyead might seriously injure
audivistuals who had a vested Wenn in the trade, and the
hon. member said further that the bill was to grant a mo-
nopoly of a trade in favour of particular persons. He
hoped he should be able to show that the bill was so frankest
as to steer Intone these two reeks. It was not so ttrin-
gest in in provision IN other bills which had been introduced.
It did got Dispose a penalty on any person for selling en
rimed of rhubarb or of Sprat salts; it simply gave •
penalty against a person mmuning a name that did not be-
lose te him. It would, of • certain time, be prohibited
to perms not qualified to mama these names, but after a
DINS had commenced business in a particular department it
would be a sasailest injustice for the law to step in sad
prevent his getting his daily bread, consequently any im-
provement that would take place under this bill would be
eradnal, and would nut be much apparent until ten or
twelve years berme. Ile was told that the bill ought to
love been brought forward in conjunction with a
re died bill, sad that a medical hill was a matter ,
orient* difficulty. It waa on this account that care bad
hen taken to make this bill mainly distinct, and that be
hoped it would pass with ay alight alterations that might
he tatrodured is COMINININI. It was also objected that •
hill of this sort ought to have emanated from the Home-
Mace. He would not attempt to answer that objection, but
IV WOWS say that ha would not have introduced the
moaning if he mild have prevailed on the Secre-
tary of State to undertake it; but during the
last eight yearn every effort had been made and
istitioas had been presented, praying for a biU of that sort
to be uktroduced, sad as the subject was not undertaken by
the house, and as her Majesty's ministers did not undertake
I', Imbed brought it in himself ; and he was quite sure that
it the measure be now proposed was carried it would be be-
neficially, the public.
Mr. HUMS' without undervaluing the advantage of
iltaellinat, opposed this bill, which would intrudes* I
another el mint Of abbireirobest into the general lines-
tem. It win as attempt lossaallia a fourth medical body,
a via
the seapmy, and to
pwer oft authorisinginvest that valuate
pisodse :ye
Ile. AL soffarlod tin hill, which, he said, had
ask slot wish No elf ghlost apposition out of doors. The
iftresres pewided is serials localities amongst per-
saes whe aallad ehealsee—sons of whom could
diMlggelr bitable Mite nil mad Spina salts—placed
flee
m bra
the la VW te prow persona act-
in; as hat digeasing ehemins. and
civilises sail hod ohs bass mistiswed.
lir. BULL ord. able WI Winded *sea all.
Mr.IIIOILWE revs dim =l, 4 egg the bill wee mot
re to interfere gal
ths was et bet, if that were so,
the bill would be
= Zfv:pa ose he leary.moot
that every penwaVrid". Ins e. be sunset sl
team dr Mogi dieghseper rest& be sabpset to
bemire he odd emit sort edigewe end miry thine
veri meal is the asighbeasheal.
Mk O. 0112 T obsened dna thie roe a siatiret af • eery
easplipord arse% whisk ahead arsidseed erir-
iin rift got of woad riding recoialleas. Ile esaviend
is Ur. Ikon Arlin to the modes of • araea a
voluntary body,eri with 11r. nigh^ es Seth,
in the way of Isviiing anarale daßaiNuaa, ITie=
however, would searat to the bill brag hereafter rm.
Whirl pro forms, sat sot mak the boner to proceed
fa-ther with it this sermon, he should not oppose the second
reading.
Its. lOARDWILL reocaresaded Mr. Bell to accept this
progral. rid that gestkma esessittlag, the bill, with this

ahw a her womb
redria.l=ltisse.
The bill was read a second
PUBLIC HOUSES
The second reeding of the
was moved by
Mr. F. MACKENZIE, who,
have the principle of the measure .
tend to press it to a more advanced stage during the retail
to• -•--
3k. HUME moved as an amendment that the bill lowa
a second time that day three months.
. /Met a discamion of the principle of the measure, via
-retie-Ea To its ri-bittodtiction neat session, - - -
Mr. F. MACKENZIE withdrew his motion.
BURGESSES AND FREEMEN'S PARLUMEN.
TART FRANCHISE BILL.
This bill passed through committee.
VETERINARY SURGEONS' EXEMPTION BILL.
This bill was read a second time.
HIGHWAY RATES BILL.
The report on this bill, with amendments, was agreed
to, and the bill was ordered to be reed a third time this
day.
ECCLESIASTICAL JURISDICTION BILL.
The report on this bill also, with amendments, was agreed
to, and the bill ordered to be read a second time this day.
The house then went into committee upon the County
Courts Farther Eitension (Compensations) Bill, when a reso-
lution was agreed to ; and afterwards resolved itself ea*
into committee upon the Medical Charities (Ireland) DM,
the details of which occupied the house some time.
On the motion of Mr. C. Lewis, lease was given to Whe
in a bill to make further provision for the conveyance GT
mails by railways. The bill was read a first time, and dr
house adjourned at sir o'clock.

PAIRS.
Col. Chatterton, in favour of Mr. Disraeli's and Mr. Fuller's
motions, with Mr. F. French, against —Lord Drumlanrig,
against Mr. Baring's and Mr. Disracli's motions, with Sir
J. Pakington, in favour.—Lord Guernsey, in favour of Mr.
Disraeli's resolutions, with the lion. E. R. Littleton,
against. —Mr. S. H. Walpole, in favour of Mr. Disraeli's
resolutions, with the Right Hon. H. Tufncll, against—Sir
P. Nugent, in favour of Mr. Disraeli's resolutions, with Mr.
11. D. Seymour, against. —Sir It. Lopes, in favour of Mr.
Disraeli's motion, with Mr. Trelawny, against —Sir M.
Cholmeley, in favour of Sir F. Thesiger's motion, with Mr.
Trelawny, against.—Mr. Stanford, in favour of Mr. Bar-
ing's motion, with Sir E. Bunton, against—Alderman
Humphery, against Mr. Disraeli's motion, with Lord
Barnard in favour.—Mr. Dupre, in favour of Mr. Disraeli's
motion with Sir G. Dashwood, against —The Hon. E. R.
Littleton, against Mr. Baring's motion on chicory, with
Lord Guernsey, in favour.

ANALYSIS OF THE DIVISION ON MR. DISRAELI'S
MOTION.
Majority (tellers ineliteled)—
Liberals

21 t
tives 3O
214

Minority (tellers included)—
Proteetiosids.

121
laPis. . 2

Hsi Brigs&

- 131

PUBLIC EDUCATION, GREAT BRITAIN.

An estimate of the sum required to be voted in
the year 1851 for public education in Great Britain-
-150,000/.
Expences to be provided for in the course of the year ending
March 31, 1852:—
For grants towards the budding, enlarging, and
furnishing of school-houses, elementary and normal £55,000
For grants to aid the managers of elementary
schools in the purchase of books, maps, Bc.
For grants to pay the annual stipends of pupil
teachers, and gratuities to the schoolmasters and
schoolmistresses instructing them 75,000
For grants in augmentation of the salaries of
schoolmasters and schoolmktresses who hare ob-
tained upon examination certificates of merit, and
whose schools have been favourably reported upon
by her Majesty's inspectors
For grants to training schools on account of
students who have resided not less than one year
in them, and who have obtained certificates of
merit at the annual inspection
For the current expenses of Kneller 11sU, in -
eluding salaries 3,000
For salaries and travelling expenses of inspectors 21,000
For salaries of three examiners
Fur grant to the National Society
For grant to the British and -Foreign School
Society
For grant to the Education Committee of the
General Assembly of the Established Church of
Scotland
For salary of statistical clerk and supplemental
clerks (the rest of the gaff being charged on the
estimate fur the I'rivy Council office, No. 6,
Class 2)

Total £186,380
• K. K. W. LISOEB.
Downing street, March 1, 1t451.
The balance TeMainitu upon the grants of former Tears,
with the grant of 154.1,0007. now proposed, will be sufficient
to meet the cipenditure fur the year ending 31st March,
18.52.

RIOT AT RATIIKEALE WI

A violent

instate and riot (says the Limerick Reporter) took plate in
the workhouse of Rathkeale, on Sunday last. The dietary,
as it is called, of that house is on the most reduced scale ;
for breakfast, to able bodied men, eight ounces of In-
dian meal in stir-about, and twelve ounces of Egyptian
corn and barley-meal railed in equal proportions for
dinner, and one ounce less, both at breakfast and dinner,
for full-grown women. The riot was at one time ex.
tremcly violent. In the main workhouse grown men ate
but a small minority—that class, as I said before, are
quickly transferred to the hospital, the infirm ward, or the
two shilling conln. The active rioters were mostly women
and young boys, who kept up a continued shower of stone*
on all who approached the workhouse gate, which they had
lucked and barricaded. Mr. John Brown was severely
pelted. Mr. Collins, stipendiary, having ventured in, was
detained, and on his attempting to get out by opening the
gate he was severely pelted, and would, it is not unlikely,
have been seriously injured, hut for the intervention of Mr.
Leahy, the master of the establishment. Mr. Fitzgibbon, the
clerk, who is greatly respected, Archdeacon Fitzgerald,
endeavoured in vain to restore order, and at length the
police and military (52nd Foot) forced their way, under a
tremendous shower of stones, about 2 o'clock, in the yard of
the workhouse. The captain commanding the detachment
of the 52nd showed no less determination than humanity. Ile
deemed it unnecessary to load, and was the first to enter at
the gate, which had been forced open with the greatest in-
trepidity, under a tremendous shower of stones, by Sub-Con-
'table Jasper. The moment the gate was forced, all resist-
ance ceased, and the soldiers showed the greatest forbear-
ance. Not so, lam sorry to say, the police-constables,some
of whom were seen to beat the unhappy paupers in the most
brutal and unwarranted manner. A boy named Kean, an
assistant in the hospital, who, being a sort of anofficial, and
wholly unconnected with the riot, sat on a wall thinking
himself quite secure, was dragged down and brutally beaten
by policemen, in spite of the earnest remonstrances of Mr.
Collins, who was on the spot, and who asked them in vain
not to ill-treat a:prisoner. Another policeman was, on the
investigation trday, called up to prosecute
rioter. His whole evidence consisted in stating that he
had
knocked down the prisoner in the hall. The clerk of the
mien, Mr. Vitalises's, described the man so knocked down
as his ablest salletwit is trying to restore order, sad this
who imi thus confessed before the bench
immesitted an outrage on an unarmed and im-
pious. walked off the bench proud of his schive-
rst, aft Is bat fair to say that some of the police had
hue. severely, hut that formed no justilleatiein of the
violence to prisoners and innocent peresso.
SOOTHERN WHALE 1:1911ERT COMPANT.—Oh Mon-
off, a special meeting of this company was held at the Lon-
a* Tavern—J. 1). Poole., Esq., in the shair—for the
"wpm of giving further information to the shareholders
dna dr meeting in February. A repot was read, which
NNW that the commissioner, on his retsina from Peet Row,
had found all the affairs of the company underlies
oust of Mr. Mackworth in a very eatistanney state,
compsay's servants in the enjoyment of goad health and
spirits. The Earl of Harderieke was reported eff Howe's
Island, with 80 barrels of sperm oil. But few bleak whiles
had been seen about the islands ; and it was feared little
would be dose this season, as the New Zealanders were
proceediag to cultivate the lands for potatoes. The Gover-
nor of New Zealand had visited the company's settlement,
and eiperoesi his satisfaction at the arrangements In De-
cember last the Samuel Enderby returned with 191 barrel'
of sperm oil, the produce of months' voyage. On the
7th of January a large shoal of black whales entered the
bay, and being driven up Laurie Harbour, 54 of them were
captured, and yielded 51 hovels oh oil. Several of the other
vessels had also taken a foie proportion of fish. There were
in January last, at the settlement, 49 men, 19 women, and
26 children. Enderby Island had been surveyed, and its
Ikagth was totted to be about 21 miles. The report was
adopted, and seemed to give much satisfaction to the
meeting.
llocunarta DIOCESAN FEMALI MAIMING INDUS-
TItt•L INSTITICTIO:4.—Yesterday the foandation-stone of
this institution 11,111 laid by the Bishop of Rochester. The
Eastern Counties Railway ran special trains to and from
Shoreditch to Bishops Stortford. The intended bolidiag
has been designed by Mr. Clarke, of Stratford-place. It 1
in the Elizabethan or Tudor style of architecture, composed
of brick, with Bath stone borders to the doors, windows,
: gc. and has a chequered front, similar to the great hall in
I EinColts's.ints and the buildings of Hampton Court Palate.
The extreme elevation will be 43 feet, length 220 feet, and
depth lde het. It comprises an infant school, dining-hall,
meassa's apartments, &e., sod will cover an area of 2i
, stew. The estimated cost is 9,0001., towards which the
iharmed Society have subscribed 600'., and with the go-
verment great the subscriptions amount to 4,1001. A
imam sum of 441. 12s. 3d. was collected yesterday at the
shush dew.

—•
AXIIRIGATE RAlLWAY.—Yesterday afternoon, a
ominoi more of the shareholders in this company was
held at the Hu-Image-ha, Nottingham, for the purpose of
confirming tke forfeiture of 1,633 shares, and also to em-
power the directors to sell them and other forfeited share.,
or otherwise to dnynss, of them. Mr. kishop occupied the
choir, and a resolution was passed, authdrising the directors
to deal with the forfeited ammusting, altogether, to
26,496.

HIGH WATIR AT LONDON BRIDGE
Tins DAT-461=ft. P. Iluk
Trearaw—/bashig. 81.111a..........aftenea5. 6s. to.

LONDON. 171U1SDAY, JULY 3.

AMONGST the estimates yet to be discussed are those
relating to Education, Science and Art ; the total
amount of which is 435,9201.; that being 21,1181.
more than the sum voted for the same purposes in
1850. Of this amount, 284,5601. are proposed to
be voted on account of Public Education in Great
Britain and Ireland; in the proportion of 130,6001.
to the former, and 134,360/. to the latter; those
figures constituting, in the case of Great Britain, an
increase of 23,0001., and in that of Ireland of 9,3601.;
=ntations that will be sanctioned by nearly the
force of public opinion.
It is of the English vote only that we wish to
speak at present; and, in order to render our re-
mark. MOM intelligible, we have elsewhere inserted
tb edisate ; so that our readers may have before
dim at least a general outline of the expenditure of
He ammittee of the Privy Council on Education,
whose laborious and useful labours, so far as the pub-
lic are concerned, lie far too much entombed in the
two bulky octavo volumes annually laid on the tables
of parliament.
These volumes contain the principal correspondence
which the committee have carried on in the past
year with the various religious bodies assisted ; with
the inspectors on the principles and details of their
important duties ; and with any other persons who
may desire information or volunteer suggestions
on the matters involved in the committee's adminis-
tration of the parliamentary grants. In them are
also given the new minutes of the committee, the or-
ders of council sanctioning those minutes, full parti-
culars of all the expenditure, and the reports of the
inspectors on their various districts.
The first feeling that arises in going through these
volumes for any year is that the administration of
this vote and of what is much more important than
its pecuniary amount, its subject, is very insuf-
ficiently provided for. In Whitehall, the whole
burthen of the education department of the state
(for to this the administration has come) is really
borne by Lord LANSDOWNE, a secretary, and
one or two efficient gentlemen; all of them
very ill remunerated. Under its weight the
health of the late secretary, Sir KAY SIicrrLE-
WORTH, gave way; and in opening the volumes
for 18.50-31, we find evidence that incessant
work and responsibility are already beginning
to tell upon his successor, Mr. LINGER. W hilst, if
we turn to the Inspector's reports, we may there re-
cognise an amount of labour, and toil, and responsi-
bility thrown on those officers which converts edu-
cated gentlemen into mill horses, and substantially
treats them as machines out of each of which a cer-
tain quantum of work is to be extracted, and then
the frames are to be thrown aside as useless. In this
service, an experiment really seems to be going on,
how long paralysis, neuralgia, or some other harass-
ing complaint, or a general break up of the persons
employed, can be staved off, or rather, perhaps, how
much labour can be extracted from gentlemen of
zeal, ardour, and great intellectual capacity, before
they are, to use an expressive phrase, used up.
There cannot be worse policy than this ; and, in
so cutting or keeping down the efficiency of the
public department, government has mistaken the
spirit of the economy required by the country.
there is no indisposition to pay good men well for
real services ; there is no wish to starve any useful
department of the state ; there is no desire to
lower the public service in the estimation
of persons competent to perform its duties.
The objection is to unnecessary offices, needless offi-
cers, and great functionaries too highly paid ; such,
for instance, as the Railway Department of the
Board of Trade; the LORD CHANCELLOR'S seven
secretaries; and foreign ambassadors with great
hotels and greater incomes. In short, the country
objects to jobbing expenditure as opposed to use-
ful expenditure ; and the government perversely
insists on reducing the useful, apparently for the
purpose of retaining the jobbing expenditure.
In 1830, however, the Committee of Council seem
to have felt that tho administration of the public

money entrusted to their care required in one respect
more strength, for they added one inspector and two
assistant inspectors to their existing staff. And a wiser
step could not be taken: for these inspectors are the
life and being of the whole system; they not merely
see that the public grants are properly and profitably
laid out, but they constitute the means of co-opera-
tion between the state and tho church and the
managers of schools for the improvement and exten-
sion of elementary education; it is very much on
their discretion and judgment that the future and
better supply of teachers must depend ; and that the
supply be constantly kept up to the demand, when
that has once been reached.
It has been objected against the Privy Council-
office that there is in it a hypercritical, dogmatical,
and repulsive spirit. A perusal of the two last vo-
lumes will, we think, quite remove any such impres-
sion ; for conciliation, a desire to afford assistance
and secure co-operation from all quarters seem to be
the prevailing characteristic of the correspondence.
The National Society, for example, applies for an
annual allowance for Its Battersea Training School.
In reply, the committee shows the society how
five-eighths of its cost, or 2,5001. a year,
may be ultimately secured out of the pub-
lic resources by means of Queen's Scholar-
ships ; and, whilst objecting to the principle of fixed
payments to schools as having a tendency to prevent
the introduction of improvements therein, and laying
down the safer rule that each training school ought
to be paid for its yearly work, nevertheless the com-
mittee, under the existing special position of the
Battersea school, agree to give it 1,0001. for the
present year. So, too, when the Bishop of WIN-
CUESTER seeks for exemptions from the general
building rules in cases of schools for very poor
districts, the committee decline to comply with
his request, but instead announce their wil-
lingness to judge of each case of a poor
district on its own special merits. And, so, when
the established church of Scotland takes alarm at
some supposed inclination to the free church in the
appointment of an inspector, nothing can be more
courteous, conclusive, or satisfactory, than the man-
ner in which the impression is removed.
For the church to complain of the privy council is
the height of ingratitude. Out of the total of
25,0841. granted in 1850 for building and improving'
.chool houses, the church had 20,004/. ; out of
the 1,8784 granted for school books and maps,
church schools had 1,424/. ; out of the 96,190/.
granted to schoolmasters, pupil teachers, and
monitors, the church received 85,8321.; in short, the
parliamentary grant is in substance a grant to the
church. Not, however, because of the favour or
affection of the Privy. Council ; but simply because
' of the superior organisation of the parochial system
of the church for all educational purposes.
, I The schools so assisted by the committee, and liable
to its inspection, afford accommodation for 414,105
scholars; but the average attendance in 1800, out of
the 2,163 inspected, did not, in 1850, exceed
225,389. So that, apparently, there is at present
a considerable surplus of school accommodation.
This is, however, mere apparent than real ; as for
practical purposes, the school-room is in these sta-
I tistics calculated on proportions too small ; so that,
if we take that into consideration, and add the aver-
age attendance at the 360 schools, of which the
figures are not given, the extent of unoccupied
school-room is not in reality so great as it looks.
The character of the attendance is, however, very
disheartening. 3.5 per cent. consists of children under
7 years of age • only 12 per cent. are upwards of 10.
The great bulk of the children therefore enter
those schools at a time when any premature
linstruction must obstruct their growth, on which
mainly depends their future maintenance; and they

. .
THE EXPRESS, THURSDAY E Cr,
\
. ..
words front Wk. *wart, ' isw BY It iett eqt soliat•mralib Integra/ se the t
\ 467 . •L „Pgrr ",,":.
itai\g",:=ll"" • minds, and affection
time proLiattdingAtiNi •- - CO, , ' T 1,,, H. The cause of this is
(SCOT ) L. • . .
1 Putlie• dead A View it W 1; owooseltiolo Iwob feeelan, hada labour. But, ill all
Genera N, BST Parrs. IllwirsaM tw_Jons Lawn.
41r; ".' lir -.4;.„ . •-• ' • . ,Pabillieeilis elks oc?immoom sirs I, boarar..(4o, cave 90 early migh
ho stated thrabwwWiled onl?./a •-•• -
11M10 dinned, and did not in- -- —-- might be fitted fo
rancedstage during the present Este eyorto. better account, wit
sphere in life.
miendment that the bill be read .
months. .1 C....,, i ~, e... j,. ,• , . . , satisfaction we n
rinciple of the measure, with
._..... _- TO CORRKSPONDIOCTIL "My Lora* aro
on next session. - & ft.-ma wind . Ti. up.," sootayw. b. ~,,ime, this branch of indt
thdrew his motion. " Gaweltelardisina awry 'Tuesday MI /May aialti, la Use lion the hire of la
EEDIEN'S PARLIAXEN- toe sera
vivimumatiniii lir ~ Th. um. Lo.d., Eve.be Taper, one-half its rent—tu
qCHISE BILL.
met es at dm OM. to, Bouwwwwlroot, b 7 Two o'clock ow Ow of tools.
ommittee. day at pealleadaa. With better mast