The Express.
London, England, 1851-09-11 00:00:00

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LONDON BRIDGE.
Alarm. 11. &Ms.

LONDON. THURSDAY, SEPTEMBER 11.

THE Morning Pat appears to have woken the
opinion of our Foreign-office upon the Cuban diffi-
culty: The Times, according to its wont, has adopted
the views and abetted the desiresof that foreign
embassy which affords it exclusive information.
The Post agrees with what we ourselves asserted,
that the Spanish authorities and forces in Cuba
are quite equal to put down any attempt made
by volunteer bands and private sympathisers, and
that the only real danger to Cuba lies in
the central government being compelled to take
part in the struggle, and make it a national war.
The Post, however, acquits the central government
of any collusion. It lays the blame on the local go-
vernment of Louisiana,which favoured the expedition
at a time when all the ministers were scattered in
vacation and recreation, none at Washington, and
the powers of the central government thus in abey-
ance for the, moment. It points out the difference
between the cases of Cuba and Texas, there
being nothing but a land frontier to cross
to get at the latter, and therefore it being
out of the power of the American go-
vernment to prevent aggression and invasion.
From all these circumstances the official Post
draws the conclusion, that there is no need of Eng-
land's interfering for the present, the question of its
doing so or not being one for future consideration,
not present decision.
The Times is not satisfied with this dilatory mode
of viewing the struggle. According to it, the " ap-
parent indifference of the British authorities em-
bolden,'" the adventurers. The Times amerts, that
England is as much threatened as Spain,
because if the southern states annex Cuba,
the northern states can only restore the
balance by annexing ('anada, and moreover that
Jamaica must become Yankee Land if Cuba does. It
is therefore recommended, that England and France
bring the cabinet of Washington forthwith to book
for permitting, or for not preventing these aggres-
sions, and extort a promise for the future that will
set all anxieties for Cuba at rest.
We must own we prefer the policy of our waiting
end doing nothing. The present cabinet, supported
by the wliigs, will do its utmost to prevent the eon-
vest of Cuba. If it do this of its own free, Ame-
rican will, it may gather strength and respect to its
party in the coming presidential election. But let
it, be known that there is an Anglo-French note me-
nacing hostilities, and covering Cuba with a Euro-
pean ergis, and immediately the whigs and peace
party lose power and prestige. A popular cry is
raised against foreign dictation and interference, and
we ',hall have precipitated that which we most seek
to avoid.
Any threats of ours will but embarrass the central
government, without in the least restraining or in-
timidating the local authorities in the southern
state*. if our threats or declamation were to be
followed up by the stationing of a combined fleet to
protect the liavannah and Cuba permanently, the
go-a-head party would no doubt divert their efforts
from expeditions to an anti-European movement and
war, of which Canada would inevitably be the first
aim and field. But threats without these precautions
or this assistance would have no effect whatever on
the buccaneers of New Orleans or Charleston.
Success in an expedition would be all in all to them;
and whether their success gave rise to a war with
England, that would be a matter of indifference, or
perhaps, indeed, of joy at the war. In this
should they have succeeded, England would be bound
to gratify them, or else humble itself by sneaking
out of a war which it had idly and gratuitously
threatened.
It is nut by threatening the Americans that we can
best save the independence of Cuba, hut by inducing
the Spaniards to treat Cuba as it is indispensable
for European tamers to treat colonies in these ad-
vanced days. At present all the aids and elements
of civilisation and prosperity come to Cuba
front America. The Americans have made their
railroads, improved their sugar cultivation, and
not only set the example, but breathed the ideas of
aelf-government. We support Spain in the mainte-
nance of her military absolutism, and the exclusion
of natives and creole from every trust, every (rec-
tum, every emolument. The liberals of Cuba look
no longer to us. hut to America. Perhaps the cro-
oks are too far gone in hatred to Spain ever to be
recalled to loyalty towards it. Still Spain has it
in her power to call to her aid the negro population.
D. a measure gradually emancipating them, Spain
might at once defy ereoles and Americans, and se-
cure her own permanent authority in the island in
despite of the planters of the island or of the neigh-
bouring continent.
Whin a nation or a government have thus the
means in their own hands to secure and protect
themselves, we do not see that other countries are
Dither called upon or warranted to incur enmity or
risk war in thetr behalf. Spain, by good and libe-
ral government, and by a ve7 obvious policy, can
resider Cuba unattackable. V 1 e have nothing to do
but to point out to Spain the way, and leave her to
her fate if she will not pursue it. As for
fighting for Canada or Jamaica in Cuba, that
is nonsense. We are well able to de-
fend our own, when attacked, without falling,
with regard to the New World, into those blunders
which we committed in Europe, incurring mountains
of debt to support the independence of Austria one
day, and Spain the next, with the idea that we were
combating for our own independence by paying
European powers to stand out and tight for theirs.
The most salutary doctrine we can impress upon
Spain is that of self-reliance. As long as DONA
Issarti.s leans on England for maintaining her so-
vereignty in Cuba, and on France for upholding her
throne in Madrid, so long will she neglect public
opinion in both countries, and continue to misrule
both.

Tim tidings from the Cape are distressing. Much
slaughter, much plunder, unheard-of ravages, but no
advance made towards a conclusion of the war, or a
pacification of the tribes. Sir Maar SMITH bided
Lis time and concentrated his force for an attack
upon the stronghold of the Kaffirs, or rather upon
trier fastnesses, where they had collected their cattle
aad booty. With the European force under his com-
mand, and with the aid of a Hottentot force
levied in the west of the colony to serve
for sixmonths,Sir HARRY Serra was enabled to make
what he called his great expedition ; that is, pene-
trate from three or four sides into the Anatole moun-
tains, and there overcame all that resisted, as well as
capture all the cattle collected there. The Governor
General seemed to be aware that this breaking
up of the great hive would send the Kaffirs iu
separate marauding parties to infest the en-
lolly, and try and recover booty and means
of livelihood tantamount to what they had '
last. He was right enough in this prevision, but he
did not foresee the grand manoeuvre of the spolia-
tors, or the extent to which they would carry their
inroads. He foresaw further ravages. ambuscades,
and murders, between the Kat and Keiskanima
rivers, and fresh gatherings of foes in British Kaf-
fraria. And murders there have been in these
regions—come most distressing ones. But the
balk of the marauders, instead of overrunning the
already wasted regions of Victoria and Kaffraria,
have made a circuit. and fallen on the comparatively
fresh and inland provinces of Somerset and l'iten-
haw. Here they have ravaged the whole district
between the Kat and the Bairns, and have pene-
trated to the Culenberge. west of Graham's Town,
and forming the frontier between Somerset and
Uitenhage. Here they met with little opposition.
The troops, such as there were. were all east-
ward ; the Hottentot levies had gone home
like any other feudal force. their six months term
having expired. and the fanners. surprised in their
dwellings, not living under the protection of forts as
they do further east, have been massacred, burned
out, and ruined. Sir HARRY Sarni oaks, why they
did not defend themselves, and recommends them
naive tardily to fortify and to arm, and to stand on

!their defence. But his whole past policy
has been to prevent the farmers from arm-
ing and defending themselves, and to teach them
to rely on the organised force of police and military,
collected and paid to defend the frontier. No wonder
the fanners are discontented, and, instead of being
inclined to repair their losses like men, meditate, like
the Irish farmee, an escape from danger and diffi-
culty, instead of devising the means of facing them.
At present, the settlers and farmers of Somerset
and Vitenhage, and of course Albany, are reduced to
the mode of life forced upon settlers in British
Kaffraria itself. They find no safety but in towns
and forts. And all their dwellings and farm build-
ings, and the greater part of their flocks, have been
destroyed or carried off by the enemy. It is too late
to tell men, reduced to this, to defend their property.
They have no property left to defend. Sir HARRY
Serra ought to have foreseen the result of his ope-
rations in the Amatola even if successful, and not
only warned the farmers of Somerset to take precau-
tions for defence, but sent back forthwith the troops
he had abstracted from them to aid them in that
task.
It is perhaps a bad feature in the present hos-
tilities that no chief seems to lead the Kaffir%
Kamt is submissive, even SANDILLI anxious for
peace. But the Kaffirs, amidst their losses,
and with the drought that afflicts them,
seem to have no hope or prospect except
in robbery and plunder, and each band
seems to act independent of a chief. Such a
war as this defies military tactics, and can
only be met by an organisation of the frontier set-
tlers, dependent on themselves, and not on the whim
of a distant governor.
The difference between settlers managing for them-
selves and a governor's managing for them is fully
depicted in the disaster of the Orange River sove-
reignty. Here the Dutch and the settlers warned
the British resident to refrain from interfering in the
quarrels of the native tribes. He would interfere,
and they refused to aid or to accompany him. The
consequence is, that he has suffered a disgraceful
defeat, that he has brought the most powerful tribes
against him, and ho is at the same time at variance
with the Boers, some of whose farms and pro-
perties he is confiscating, as the punishment of
their lukewarmness. This is a striking picture
of a British resident sent to pacify and civilise
savage tribes and semi-savage settlers, yet placing
himself, by his caprices or his policy, with his hand
against every man, and every man's hand against
him. . .

As an illustration of this we publish an article
giving an account of Major WARDEN'S affair, from
the Cape Town Mail of the Mk.

FRANCE.

PARIS, WEDNZADAT EVENING.
Colonel Guithem has written as follows to the
Delia +: _ _ _

Paris, Sept. 9.
Sir,-1 have this moment read in several French papers an
article taken from the Times, in which en account is given,
in terms which do not permit me to keep silence, of the con-
venation which I had the honour to have on the 26th of
August with the Duchess of Orleans at Claremont.
I declare everything in that article relating to the
Duchess of Orleans to be false, and equally false the coar.e
and absurd answer which is attributed to me.

I rely, Mr. Editor, on your accustomed courtesy to insert
this letter in your nest number.—Aecept, &e.,
AculLtis °mums.
The En:no:tent wag seized yesterday for an
article headed " A Confession ;" and a prosecution in
directed against the responsible editor and M. F. V.
Hugo, the writer of the article, for exciting to hatred
and contempt of the government of the Republic.
M. Leon Faucher is appointed, ad interim, to the
ministry of agriculture and commerce during the ab-
sence of M. Buffet.

M. Bouher replaces M. Buffet in the function of
minister of public works, ad interim, during the ab-
sence of M. Magne.
The new proclamation concerning foreigners has
made less sensation than might hare been expected.
Most of the journals insert it without comment. The
Sim-le and the National blame the measure, but with-

out advancing any very cogent reasons against it.
The former rather naively objects that such harsh-
ness towards foreigners may expose France to repri-
sals ; which furnishes the Bulletin Je !'aria an occa-
sion to exclaim triumphantly that they only wish
Lord Palmerston would retaliate in kind. It is also
objected that the uneasiness and inconvenience which
will be felt by foreign residents will drive them
away to the injury of commerce. Doubtless if it
were possible to suppose that the literal observance
of the edict would be severely enforced against our
own countrymen who support the shoos of the Hue
de la Paix and the Rue de ltivoli, there would be

much in this objection. Englishmen won't like kick-
ing their heels about that disagreeable and out of
the way place in the Rue de Jerusalem called
the prefecture, among a crowd of refugees from all
countries, probably for several hours, until their turn
comes to be interrogated to sec whether they be
proper persons to be allowed to remain. lam quite
sure that, if they find much fuss made about it, many
Englishmen will say " Instead of a permit to remain,
you may give me a passport to go somewhere else."
'l' he order is very vague in this respect, that it leaves
wholly undefined the meaning of the words " resi-
dence" or an " intention to reside." Many English
have been hero for years who do not call themselves
residents; and yet every Englishman, like all other
foreigners is exposed to have the question raised, whe-
ther he is travelling on business or pleasure, or
whether he is residing or intending to reside here.
I have no doubt that practically the order will very
soon become a dead letter, except in respect of those
persons who may be suspected as political conspirators,
among which we may safely say, none of our own
countrymen arc likely to be numbered.
The order is countersigned by M. Leon Faucher,
and was discussed in a cabinet council before it was
issued. It is reported that a measure conceived in a
similar spirit will be proposed to the Assembly in
November. The object of this measure will be to send
away from Paris to their native places ail those
workmen who cannot show their means of subsist-
ence in Paris. Orders would then be given to the
prefects not to grant passports for the capital unless
certain prescribed formalities should be complied
with.

The Cason deans, with much more decision and
appearance of sincerity than the Assent6/r4, the "im-
putation" that it is theoretically legitimist and prac-
tically Bonapartist. It claims the revision move-
ment in the councils-general as a legitimist demon-
stration, and says explicitly that it is not a partisan
Id the prorogation. of L. Napoleon's powers.
A very Machiavelian policy on the part of the
Berryer legitimists has been announced as probable.
It is said that they mean warmly to support the
ministry in their project fur advancing the period of
the general elections, in order to have the benefit
of government influence in securing as many ISMS as
possible for their own party. Then, at the lug few I
meat before 1852, they would fall away from the
Elysee and bring forward a presidential candidate of
their own. It is difficult to say how far either of the
parties to this very hollow legitimist-Bonapartist
alliance. may go, in the hope of outwitting the other,
but it is not likely that the President can be a dupe
'of these guesi allies. A message of the President to
1 the Assemble, in November, is said to be in prepara-
tion, and the perservering efforts of Dr. N eron
' against the law of the 31st of May, and the obvious
policy of the presidential cause, seem to point to a
vigorous assault upon that law.
Nlarchais was yesterday act at liberty. After
being interrogated, it appeared that nothing could
be laid to his charge. His letter to Ledru Rollin,
which so mysteriously disappeared in Judge Carre's
presence, had been read by the commissioner of police,
who made an extract front it, but neither in the ex-
tract nor in the commissioner's memory could any
unlawful matter be found. M. Pilhette, formerly
secretary to M. Delescluse, has also been discharged
from custody. Thus two out of the very few names
of any prominence is the list of conspirators are
already erased front it.
It is stated in the Juunoal dArgenton. of the Bth
instant, that the procureur of the republic in the ar-
rondissement of Mortagne has instituted a prosecu-
tion against M. Gartner Pages, the former member
of the provisional government, for demagogical
speeches lately made by him in the neighbourhood.
It does not appear that the honourable gentleman is
in actual custody, but he has been subjected to a long
interrogatory.
The Prefect of the Bouchos-du-Rhone, by an edict
of Sept. 2. has prohibited the wearing or exhibiting
in public of any sign or symbol calculated to propa-

gate the spirit of rebellion, or to trouble the public
peace, such as red bonnets or caps, red girdles or
cravats, pieces of red stuff about the neck or on the
breist, or any other distinctive party sign.
While such extraordinary precautions are taken in
the provisoes against perilous red, the immaculate
white colour finds more favour in Paris. M. Micolci,
the bookseller of the Quai d'Orferres, and M. Janson,
his printer, have been tried for publishing a placard
entitled " Manifesto of a Legitimist," by Viscount le
&Tree de Bervilly, ornamented with the Bourbon
lilies. The legal description of this offence was the
publication of seditious emblems tending to provoke
rebellion. The counsel for the defence pleaded the
whole history of France, which, he said, proved that
the " fleur-de-lys" could never be the symbol of dis-
order. This argument prevailed, and both the pri-
soners were acquitted.
Another canons political trial took place yesterday.
On the 26th of June last, as the President of the
Republic was returning from a review, loud cries of
Vire la Republique" were uttered on the Pont
de Sena. A man named Leger answered these
cries by shouting "No republic ;" "Down with
the republic." He was arrested upon the spot, and
a card showing him to be a member of the society of
the 10th of December was found upon his person.
On his trial for the utterance of illegal cries his
advocate urged that he was an honest workman, the
father of a family, often out of work, but always the
defender of order, and as such he had been wounded
at the barricades. The advocate-general, supporting
the prosecution, was willing to give the prisoner the
benefit of his "antecedents" to the extent of ad-
mitting " extenuating circumstances," but the jury
returned a verdict of not guilty.
These two cases arc remarkable precedents in sup-
port of an argument often used by the Minister of
the Interior, when reproached by the opposition for
using different weights and measures in their esti-
mation of political offences. The ministerial defence
'has been that it is useless to prosecute royal-
ists, or ante-republican illegalities, because acquittals
always follow. 'there is, to be sure, one material
consideration not adverted to in this argument,
namely, the composition of the juries of the depart-
ment of the Seine. Contrary to the system that
prevails throughout the rest of France, they are se-
lected by the immediate nominees and dependents of
the executive power. This explains the reason why,
during the recent prosecution of the press, prosecu-
tion and conviction have always been convertible
terms in Paris, whereas in the provinces the number
of acquittals in proportion to convictions has been

hoax upon a large scale, which might have led
to serious consequences, was perpetrated on Sunday
at the barrier of Curette, near the Pont de Gre-
nelle. The directors of the future—or pretended
future—national fkes had erected an embryo model,
near the bridge, of a grand triumphal arch, which,
according to their programme, is to adorn the Champs
Elyaecs during the fetes. Not more than 109 car-
penters had been employed upon this work. During
six days of last week a man, representing himself to
be an agent of the directors, was installed in an
eating-house near the bridge, and engaged all the
workmen that he could meet with. To every one
he gave a card and number, directing him to come to
the Pont de Grenelle on Sunday, when his particular
work would be assigned to him. Accordingly on
that day about 4,000 artisans assembled at the bridge.
The great contractor and the eating-house keeper
had both disappeared, and the army of workmen
were dispersed by an armed force, to whom, how-
ever, they appear to have offered not the slightest
resistance. As to the motive fur this extraordinary
proceeding, nothing is known. It is suggested that
the only feasible one must have been the hope, on
the part of some political party or another, that an
insurrection might grow out of a large discontented
assemblage. Both the socialists and the Decembrists
accuse each other of being at the bottom of the affair
for a political purpose.
The mayor of Elbeuf has just received a sum of
500 francs from the President of the Republic for the
workmeu thrown out of work by the conflagration of
M. Grandin's factory•.
A decree of the President of the Republic autho-
rises the Academy of Sciences to accept a legacy of
200,000 fr., bequeathed to it by 1)r. locker, for the
purpose of founding an annual prize to be awarded to
the author of the best work on organic chemistry.
At the Bourse the Five per Cents closed at 92.25,
with a fall of Sc.; and the Three per Cents. fell 23c.,
closing at 56.20.