The Express.
London, England, 1849-01-19 00:00:00

GERMANY.

SPAIN.

Oar correspondent writes, under date Madrid, Jan.
12:

-- -
I lug-, from 'au exoeUent authority, that there is
every probability of the Cortes being eland I. the entree of
next week, is conseguenee of the daily inereaidng strength
of th- opposition. The Chamber of Comer is at mint
closed, and is likely to remain so for another year. In the
Senate yesterday, Nerve's spoke on the address, in answer
to Cabello. He paid some hypocritical compliments to the
memory of General &when°, wham whole nooks extirpated,
with the exception of the eldest son, now a government ery.
Alegi Saltine, the most eloquent member of the Senate,
will make a speech to-day in strong opposition to the govern-
ment. . .

(cor correspondent, writing from Bayonne, on the
15th inst., says: "Yesterday morning, the 14th, 200
men, Carlists, entered Cluipiecoa within a league of
Iron. In rasing the frontier ;here was some slight
resistance, in which they lost one killed and two
wounded. They moved rapidly on till they arrived
at Oysrznie, when they were then headed by Oni-
velalde. The last information received here left them
unmolested, the Queen's troops having retired upon
St. Sebastian. Two or three parties of Carlists, alto-
gather amounting to 400, divided into three columns,
have entered Navarre at the same moment, under the
command of General Elio ; each man carried two
muskets. This is all that has been heard of the affair
up to the present moment"
The Barcelona journals of the 11th inst. do not say
a word of any engagement having taken place be-
tween Gen. Concha and Cabrera's band. The Memorial
des Pyrtisies of the 16th, states that Colonel Plana
ilhad surprised, in the village of San Cugar, the repub-
lican band of &node, killing four men, and taking 50
prisoners. Vich continues to be blockaded.
The Madrid Gazette of the 12th inst. publishes a
despatch from the commandant-general of Lerida,
announcing the submission of 45 =agents. It ap-
pears that a body of insurgents has just shown itself
in the Maestrazgo. Their number is variously stated,
some accounts making it 200, and others not more
than 40. This body has been repulsed with some
loss. In the &Wag of the Spanish senate of the
11th inst., the discussion on the address in answer
to the speech from the throne was continued.
Senor Cabello attacked the cabinet on the
of their having committed an iniqualiflabfra:cdt
of arbitrary power in transporting suspected
to the Philipine Islands, 6,000 leagues
from their home. He further noticed the dangerous
policy of not only confirming Carlist Akers who had
made their submission, in their grades, but of giving
them the 'amend of there very men who had served
under them in another cause. The Duke of Valencia
answered the second charge by observing that concilia-
tion was the best means of terminating a civil war,
and hinted that many Carlists had pee over to the
corps-franco to serve the Progresseta party. The
Marquis de Moline, Minister of Marine, answered
the first charge, by averting to the extraordinary
powers conferred on the ministry by the Cortes, and
the late dangere (*need by the French revolution.
After a few farther observations from M. Luzariaga
and the Duke of Valencia in reply, the discussion
was adjourned.

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ITALY.

ROMAN STATER—Although the threat of ex-
communication may have little *Sect in the towns it
will be otherwise in the rural districts. Before even
the interdiction of the Pope was published several
provinces, and partimdarly those of the Marches and
the Umbria, bad decided to abstain from taking any
part in the eleetion of the Constituent*.
The Roman ministry have abolished the law of
primogeniture by a decree, in virtue of a preceding
decirion of the ((ambers.

The Rita; -dente
e of Florence quotes a letter
-----s
from Viterbo, of the 9th, stating that 100 civic guard',
some gendarmes, and two field-pieces, have left that
place to quell some distarbanoes that had broken out

PRUSSIA.—We have *deices from Berlin up to
the night of the 16'h inst.
The Mends of the Count of Brandenburg (presi-
dent of the cabinet) are endeavouring to secure his
election at Schweidnitz for the fleet chamber.
Commodore Parker, of the United States' AM, hes
peeped through Berlin, en route for Frankfort, where
Ise will be commissioned to superintend the formation
dos Genius set Oa the Mee head, it is set tree, as
asserted by some (lemma papers, that the American
government have planed two powerful war-steamers
at the service of the Central Executive. The Polish
inhabitants of the grand duchy of Poeen are begin-
ning to display again considerable activity. The
great " Polish League' (Liga Polska) commenced its
sittings at Burn*, on the 10th Mat, after a solemn
high mass had been celebrated by the archbishop. In
order to prevent any collision between the Poles and
the German troops in garrison, the latter were
marched to other quarters.
AUSTRIA.—We have received letters and journals
from Vienna, under date January 13.
The way in which some of the Vienna journals
lwrite respecting the sitting of the Xremsier Diet on
the 10th, would lead one to believe that ministers
had entirely retrieved their late Niguel defeat. Such,
however, is not the ease. It is true (as stated in our
paper yesterday) that the first paragraph of the first
section of the bill ef fundamental rights, the one de-
claring that all the powers of the state emanate from
the people, bas been rejected, but solely on the groand
that that paragraph was ill-placed; that, in fact, it
did not to the point in question (night hierher
gehOrig). It was not the principle itself that was
disowned, and the committee entrusted with
the preparing of the draft of the remaining
portions of the constitatioe, was, by the sum
motion, commissioned to devise the provisions
for the partition and exercise of the powers of the
state. Minimises, however, indulge in the hope that
they will yet be able to do away altogether with the
objectionable parapaph. It is not unlikely, however,
that a memo germane will be struck out, Schuselka,
one of the most influential, as well as one of the most
brilliant orators of the liberal party, having proposed
the following amendment : " All the powers of the
state proceed from the people; in the Austrian con-
stitutional monarchy these powers are divided between
the throne and the people." The debate on the bill
of fundamental rights was resumed on the 11th, when
• new paragraph was proposed by Schuselka. It
runs as follows: "All citizens are equal before the
laws ; the constitution and the laws determine
under what conditions the Austrian rights of
citizenship may be acquired, exercised, and
lost. The people is the ' whole body of citi-
zens.' All privileges of rank are abolished. No
denotations whatever of nobility can be conferred
or recognised by the state. Public offices and go-
vernment employments are accessible for all citizens
duly qualified for them. Fatigues, an snob, are in-
admissible to the civil service of the state and to the
Volkewske. Personal merit alone gives a title to
•-• distindions and remunerations. No Meditation

I hereditary." The /cereal of fde Dist states that
this paragraph, as it stands, was voted by the throe
but the Prague papers used that only the first
sentences were voted, the discussion of the remain.

ing portion being adjourned till the following day.
The Austrian government have received from the
Spanish one a note, addressed by the latter to all
Roman catholic powers. It sets forth that the Spanish
cabinet is prepared to do all that is necessary for re-
placing the " visible head of the church" in that posi-
tion of freedom, independence, dignity, and respect
which the exercise of his sacrelfanctions imperatively
require. Immediately on the arrival of the intelli-
gence of the flight of the Pope from Rome, the
Spar.ish government made an application to the
French one, which also manifested a readiness to es-
cure the freedom of his holiness. That mode of nego-
tiation, however—looking at the occurrences in Rome
—would be (it is remarked) too dilatory, and the
question now was not so much the protecting of the
liberty of the Pope, as the restoration of his authority
upon a basis altogether devoid even of the appearance
of compulsion. Catholic powers had always zealously
upheld the independence of the head of the church,
and considered themselves as the guarantees of his
temporal sovereignty. This independent position of
the Pope is so important for all christendom, that it
must not be sacrificed to the caprice of so
small a portion of the catholic world as
the Roman States. Spain is convinced that
Catholic powers will not allow a single state of
Italy to violate his dignity, and to place him in a state
of dependence which may end even in the abuse of
his religious power. Upon those grounds Spain de-
sires to come to an understanding with the catholic
powers respecting the patting an end to the present
data of affairs with regard to the Pope, and requests
France, Austria, Bavaria, Sardinia, Tuscany, and
Naples, to appoint plenipotentiaries, as well as to fiz
on a place for a conference, and offers Madrid, or any
Spanish town on the Mediterranean, for the scene of
their labours._

It appears that the Czech party are displeased with
ministers, on account of the di .inclination of the latter
to develops the federal system. Moreover, the Czech
National Guards are dissatisfied with the military ar-
rangement whereby they must receive the word of
command in the German language.
The report that minister, will tender their resigna-
tion is gaining ground in Vienna. It wee rumoured
that disturbances had broken oat in Linz. Baron
Dobblhof has been appointed to the post of Austrian
ambassador at the Hague. .
Letters from Trieste announce the arrival there of
two Neapolitan commissioners, in order to superintend
the shipment of 4,000 Swim mercenaries for the king
of Naple•
The Siehenburgen Jamul (ate in the Austrian in-
terest) is oompelled to admit the MOMs of the
&Alen, who are partizans of the Magyars. It ap- '
pears that the former, after being partially defeated,
rallied in great numbers, took possession of Holm-
fain, Turks, and two other places, and committed
great excesses, leaving (according to the above jour-
nal) more than 100 dead bodies in the streets.
Thousands of families have been ruined. On the
23rd ult., the imperialists defeated the &skiers, near
HidveF, but the latter again rallied led subsequently,
in cionj motion with the Magyars, wh 3 had arrived in
those parte, attacked and routed the imperialists, and
took possession of the important town of Manion-
burg. Windischgratz has offered a free pardon to all
soldiers (including officers) who will abandon the
party of Kossuth and join the imperialists.
FRANKFORT.—Our intelligence from this city
reaches up to Monday, the 16th. Upon that day
the National Assembly commenced the discussion
respecting the chief head of the German empire.
Previously to the commencement of the regular busi-
ness, the Minister of Imam informed the house that
the Central Executive had communicated with the
Prussian government respecting the keeping of
Berlin and Dusseldorf in a state of siege, bat had re-
ceived no answer.
The important debate on the order of the day then
commenced—the main questions inimadiately before
the Ase3mbly being whether the chief head of the
German empire shall be an emperor (if so, whether
or not an hereditary one, or one chosen for a certain
time), or a directory, or a_ responsible president.
Sixty-three members had inscribed their names ea
VOMIT/.

Herr fleruzia, of Jena, epolus warmly, in a republics&
plat of view, med was greatly appludsd, particularly dating
his strictute ca the arue• ey sad bureaucracy of Prude.
Hen FALE declared in favour of an hereditary mourehy.
Herr Scums brought forward several =summits to show
1 the superiority of a Gummi republic to any other fans of
government.
He rr Room desired a responsible president ; Herr Biz-
DinYANIC sad Herr JAHN an hereditary moaarchr. The
last-named dairy, d that unity was the mother of freedom,
sad whoever wished to gain the daughter should keep to the
mother. (Much laughter.)
The debate was adjourned till the following day.

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