The Express.
London, England, 1856-08-23 00:00:00

SPAIN•

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(0111141 A UMW. coassoranturs.)
lb tiveisipal deeding are pomme l. es umousged
by On Gad* sotil the elesesesi lists aball lava
bees emepleeel. hat. in reality. benne Rice Ramesh
Waned tbat the null oldie election la Septnalter
Weald isfellibly be the re-elestina et all the Onto.
sonnet white the CaptehaOsostal lately Oneived.
The *male of the regtenive pony exhort the
&den to span so pdse tothearthe their ova Meade.
es the nets. se se to yam to &rein what le the
opines et 1110 imam snierity et the lipasbh

sere MAWS kition fee the foradastioes of
lberetilto- O. They ooromoosoil ward fatly the pressat oho-
-171:1, sod the sera stressoro at the plaso mu dabbed
1. Oa the Itth of Octobsr, b 174 d, tho Mira of
Alorreadde oarroadrrod to ea fusty tarp of Dos PI M%
moo escaatoadod b tho Nortek of Camara
abs lot duo of la hobs Whoa as a WNW, plow.
the Spat/ado blooloadod tho Wade'. bat the k
ad ea the 10th of blank la.roacrquaso of the ht.
The oitodol hot rely yosobiats kft for No drys.
meth nigh,. feel IV. (400790, fbe dual
Sitak up is she haul; ; the Lartmilaina rimy

blockaded it is Ilesidor, year `III. (Julie, 1799); it visa
essreadered by espitslatios on the let Tlternidor (July) of
Obis rue you.

The French army, commanded by Napoleon, at that time
First Consul of the Republic, regained posseuion of it in
the early part of Jane, 1800, shortly after the memorable
battle of liesenvo.

Napoleon, wishing to make Alessaadria the buiwuk of bis
conquests in Italy, ordered the engineer generals, Muskat
and Chasseloop (from whose joint report we have extracted
the details given ) to carry out the plan be bad com-
menicated to them f r the attainment of this i.tject. Our
limited apses does not pi resit us to describe this piss, beyond
stating briefly that it wee the application on it e most com-
plete and extensive scale of all the latest lulu vements made
In the art of defence. Nearly 30 millions of francs wets
'speeded in treating this impregnable eiroephold,ll2 that it
might receive an army in case of defeat between the Alp
end the Appenines, to thispat of the basin of the Po, where
signal battles almost invariably decided the fate of these
beautiful districti.

Bat fortune abandooed the arm, of the great certain, and
the Austrians, on sgein becoming the kids of Icily, caused
this monument of her power to be destroyed, without in-
quiries into the 1 os-ibls utility of these v, ty works, con-
structed by French engineers, for the eventual defence of
Piedmont sad even Italy herself spinet France.
At the pretest day, it certainly is not the inteetion of
the Piedmostess government to reconstruct the gigantic
works of Napoleon I The works lately decreed will
merely, if we are correctly informed, sum- and the city
with a wall aid bastion., to which will be added four de-
tached forts placed—cne on the Bonnida near its con-
tinence, another to the Tanaro behind the Valencia work',
sad the remelt:dog too on the s)uth sad south east of this
town. Theo forts will, we bear, be connected by earthen
work', sod the wlt le will thus constitute an important
strategetical position.

Coveted by Alemandrie and Genoa, the Sardinian army
mill be ably to show Itself toward, Parma sod Placentia, is
Tammy, on the flanks sad rear of the moray, 10.11 s to
aolegei him to reit* the liege without fighting, or prevent
that siege hem being attempted.

Lolly, by the sepp it of Alessandris, Casale, and Genoa,
an army corps from 20,000 to 26,000 strong may sustain the
was fa Piedmont for several months until France comes
to its relief, which she would certainly cot fell to do.

ASIATIC TURKEY.

EVACUATION OF EARS BY THE RUSSIANS.
(raw' 001 OWN CORRUPONDINT j

ERZEROUSI, JULY 29,

Colonel Malakoff, the officer in command of
the Russian forces at Kars, arrived here on Sunday
IW, the 27th inst., with his staff. In a few days he
returns to Kars to give that place up to the Turks.
Russia Pacha is to be sent to take over the place
from the Russians. This same Hussein Paella waa
the chief of the staff at Kars under Shukri Pacha,
and wee sent away by General Williams for drunken-
ness and debauchery, and now that General Williams
has left they send him back honourably.
The crops in the pains in this neighbourhood are
almost entirely destroyed by drought; in very many
instances the wheat is dried op and withered before it
has come into S.C.

The troops here are almost nil. There are 1,300
to &moon and 1,500 at Haman lialeh (distant six
hours). A new army will have to be raised.

Oa the Bth of July a party from E•zeroom, con-
sisting of Major Stuart, Dr. Fraser (late assistant-
surgeon in the 73rd Regiar nt), Mr. John Evans
(late 6th Inniektlling Dragoons), together with two
fteglish travellers, Mr. Theobeld and Rev.— Thereby,
arrived at Byard, with the full determination to
reach the summit of Monet Ararat—a teat which had
yet been accomplished, although frequently
attempted by English, French, Reuters, Persian;
Turks, &c. On the 10th of July, having made all
necessary. preptuations, the party proceeded from
Byszid, in company with a Koordish chief named
lseak Begh, to some Koordish tents situated on the
rocky ridge which connects the two mountains at an
elevatioa of 8,000 feet, the Great r and the Leaser
Ararat,the former being about 17,320 feet high, and
the latter about 13,000. At dawn of day the next
morning, Major Scan, Mr. John Evans, and Mr.
Theobeld, started together on foot by the nearest
route to the cone of the mountain, distant about six
or seven miles. Dr. Fraser started on horseback
towards another part of the mountain which ap-
peared hem precipitous ; the party on foot reached
the snow at the foot of the cone at about
620 a.m., and commenced the ascent up an unbroken
slope of snow, which extended to the very summit.
After baring proceeded nearly half way Major
Stuart began to appear fatigued, and was obliged to
stop frequently to rest. Mr. Evans remained with
hint until he (Major Stuart) resolved to return to the
tents. Mr. Evans then proceeded up the mountain,
Mr. Theobald being considerably in advice*. Mr.
Theobald reached the summit at about 1 30 p.m.;
Mr. Evans arrived one hour later; and some time
after they had lett the summit Dr. Fraser was seen to
appear over the brow of the mountain, at a distance of
about an hoar from the commit. Mr. Theobald and
Mr. Evans reached the Koordish tent at 6.30 p.m.,
amidst the exclamations of the Koordish men and
women who bad seen us at the summit, and who
exclaimed, " ?dashallah, Clod is great; the English
can do everything ;" then enumerating the people who
had failed, and the number of days and weeks they
bad spent in making the attempt. They added that
the English come aid say they will go to the top of
the mountain, and they go straight op at once, and
01X011 back in the evening without any difficulty.
Major Stuart and Mr. Thereby succeeded in
making the ascent two days latex, by sleeping half-
way up the cioae and completing the ascent the next
morning.
The summit of the mountain is entirely covered
with snow ; ridges of volcanic rock rue up the sides
of the mountain to within a few hundred feet of the
summit. The party aid not suffer from the rare-
faction of the air, or experience any difficulty in
breathing at the summit ; but the cold was intense,
owing to the wind, which blew a perfect hurricane.
A wooden cross was found bv Major Stuart and Mr.
Thereby about 1,500 or 2,000 feet below the summit,
plaid there by Abich, • Russian traveller, to point
at the height to which he had ascended, and which
was the highest point reached by any traveller. By
the side of the cross was a large knife or dagger,
about two feet long, which Major Stuart carried to
the summit, where it now stands.
Before leaving the Koordish tents, Major Stuart,
Mr. Evans, and Mr. Theobald also ascended t he lessee
Ararat. The ascent of the greater Ararat has hada
wonderful effect in keeping up the presage of tha
English among the Turks.

AUSTRIA.

Baron James de Rothschild hasjust left Vienna for
11 St. Petersburg, in order to concert with the Ramian
11 government relative to the railways which Sr. about
to be constructed in that empire by a company of
which he is the principal representative.
A letter from Vienna, in the Suabias ifersurYs
says:—" M. de Hazily, Russian Councillor of State,
bee broeght his. the °Modal assurance that Ramis
has so intention whatever of eluding the obligations.
she had riontrectsd by the treaty of Paris. This leg.
ligeace was received with gnat satisfaction."
Baron de tolls. the Austrian Commissioner for the
re-organisation of the Principalities, left Vienna on
the 18. h for Ormatentinople.
A letter from Belgrade in the Augsburg Gaseeis
says :
We hem fee. seed authority that the dinesx of the
Atari's &Nu Navigates Compaq of the Thumbs hays
Net a awake to the esptalee of all their vessels, cesNibities
ties, la the Nat riotous mama has readeelsi
Neheasee et es, alters, or nadir say droaaeleeee what•
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ealleaaty of the seent from NAN we derive thh Wham-
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