The Express.
London, England, 1848-09-11 00:00:00

THE EXPRESS, MONDAY EVENING, SEPTEMBER 11, 1848.

i
pu Nth' rebut immortal. The =slut reeder ir.
Us (Aseuevis mehives famiss, h many details a royal viola n the
olden times. James II. rspeatedlv visited Abatises ; Quern
donahter of Hoary VII. ot Entliad, owns to
Aberdeen la 1611, mil was satertaised wits ;iwM
James IV. mad* reputed visits; Janus V. honoured the
eity by a visit, Irbil& extended over Men days, is 1537.
sat wail sumptuously entertained; Queilli Mary oat at
Aberdeen in 1562; J. 1114. VI. visited tit* lofty several times
brumes 1581 arid 1600; and the lam royal visit up to the
nrresuttam,Teal that of Castles 11., us 1660, whoa tow
Kmg, an exile from Eitilasd, us from Holland, prottetu
by the 1/oteb ft et

THE CnoLtaa.—Front the 3rd to 4th September
19 new eases of cholera occurred at Berlin, an five the 4,11
to the 6th there were 64. Prom the Bth to the Bth 44. The
cholera has also b oat at Spandau.
THE Comm shout which we have all been talking
so much hes, ft meets, some at last. The wheels of has
chariot of fire have been men by Dr. Petersen, of Alton*. on
the verge of our system—driving appropriately to the sign 01
"The Charioteer • " and Hr. Taylor el Liverpool, has had
an Intent, w with' the illustri miaow. The nature or
Ids credentials on the present amnion bas not yet transpired;
bat Taylor rep. rt. that he may be seen soy evening
after dark, at a reepertfui die sees, and weather precipitin's.
in the nortb.esst below the mirth ole, not far from the store
Caster and Pollux, standing towards the mar Procyon. The
astrologers will, no doubt, have some explanation to give us
al all this by-and bye, and will render a full and true
revert of hi. despatches. The fiery cyphers are for the r, ad-
leg et the adepts alone. Meantime, as it is 292 years since
be tut visited our system, he will se* great charges
on the earth.. He does not, however, intend, it no-
pears, to take up a near point of view for his obarrvatioos
"The earth and the comet," says Kr. Taylor, " are now
gradwilly approaching each ether, but will not come fa sear
each other as in the year 11264; for the perihelion has slits
time prescribed the autumnal equinox by a w.ek bee than in
the year 1264, when its display was to terrific—' great,
lefiebt, and spreading a long, broad tail,' as described in the
emmaleol Calmer Their nearest approach this time will not
b• hem th .n 30,000,000 of 'the . In di year MRS the ant
tense dike comet from the earth was less than 7,000,000 of
miles. the comet being then in its no:ending node, women. it
is now shout to pea through Its &wending nude, as it di tin
the year 1264 "—AtAseenna.
ARRANGEMENT, roc THE RECEPTION or EMI-
011tANTS IN AINITS.A4.III.—Sir,—I have road with much
Interest the excellent leading article in your paper of yester-
day, is reference to the mode of coaducdog emigration te the
ooloniu, sad in wnieh you advert to the evidence of attain
witnesses before Lord Iliosteagl,•'s ennunittee u dies rat-
leg she necessity whims exists in every new country where
emigrant labour Is wanted of eetablishing a recognised
end competent agency at the treat gates of inverse,
=boas aid it may be usefully and promptly dim
" I am am *Rattly aware of the cireasoMenties
attending the rest rico ot emigrants in British North Amur
ties, hot I am suns yon will be glad to learn that seen an
instrumentality es you suggest, in aid of labourers newly
arrived, has for some time been established by the goy/ en.
rat at New South Wales with the most useful melts
When an 'spirant ship arrives at Port Jackson, " the 'era
ante of ingress" to the colony, she is boarded immediately
after sneering •he Heads by the health ofileer, an
expenienoed naval sargeen, whose duty it is to
11101111411 whether cry, and to what extent, diseam
may have prevailed during the voyage. She i.
next, visited by the agent for immigration• and subs -
quenrly by the Immigration Board. The latter consists
chiefly of government officers, who perform this del pr.,
tnitously, and inquire into the eiratunstaasee of the emi-
grants separately, and their respective qualifications tsr em-
ployment. Alter such exuninaties the emigrants are open
to receive engteemente, to guide them in making which,
and protect them from fraud or improp.r matect,
a gentleman of local ',wiriness is sent on heart,
who also aides the surgthmemperintendent la fill
log up and witnessing the forme of agreement, the
latter being utually in triplicate—ems part for the empltysr,
the second for the emigrant, and the third is retained as a
record by the immigration department. All the emigrants
who have thought peeper to avail themselves of the protest.
Lion thus affethr4 at Sydney (and I may add that the awe
exists at Port Philip) have of late years been hired direct
from the vessel, at excellent wages, the moans and expense
of transit up the country being yrovidei for by the em-
ployee% I would further mention, in reference to
year very proper aaisaadversioas upon the descript on of
weeds hitherto employed in taking out labourers to
America, that those engamd by her blajesty 'a Land and
Emigration Commissiomers, for the conveyance of emigre .te
to the Australian colonies, are generally sh pe of first-class
character, and the arrangements for thoommodatian, mesa.
irg, ventilation, and other esenforta necessary for the preser-
vation of heal. h, ere of so salutary a nature, that the casual-
ties during a voyage of form smooths seldom average more
than 1 per cent., and these amongst the very young children.
I have also beard it stated by medical men that the deaths
nave been fewer oa each voyages taut would have occurred
had the same number of peewee been congregated on shore.
A knowledge of the facts may I Mortise maul in ene,„.-
ragiag emigration to New Smith Wales, and in dimelliog
the oppnheyione of those who might otherwise skri, k from
a step evolving, event ander the best circumstances, serious
eceadmations.—A Cryonler.—Londoe, Sept. 8.
Fines.—NEAT bacertga•savAßL—Last even-
ing, shortly beta,. 6 o'clock, the premiere belonging to
Mum Wookey and Co., knows el Creations' House, No.
39. Crenbourne-.cruet, Leicester-equate, were dieouvered to

be on fire. The blunting, whioh.wes 'very extendm, was
fined up in a enatly style with plate elms, and was occupied
as a lees and Willowy we/shows. The& fp alone contained
a suet deal ut maniple rroperty, and when the lint *brat
was given the ground-fbor was in a general bl..se. Two
or three engines quickly arrived. and the firemen succeeded in
preserving the upper part of the premium, but the whole ot
the valuable sh ck.intrade, obandelient minors, and plate
glue, ID the shop wen destroyed.--1N ran CAMBER
WILL ROAD —AI/Other Ire, unattended with any serious
loss of property. occurred yesterday forenoon in an oil and
colour warehnue be:oncing to Mr. Denton, Bolingbroke-
raw, in the above road. It arose from a quantity of tarpon
tine bemusing ignited, and was shortly eitingulAed. There
were 100 If. of gunpowder In the back of the premiers and
10 lbs. in the shop window : fortunately the dames did not
reads either.
INQUESTS, SATURDAY.—MANSLAUGHTER ST •
DIUGHTIR —Before Mr. W. CAMP, at the Canterbury'
Amu, Upper Marsh-attest, Lambeth, an Elizabeth finieids,
r- il 10— it. eamstng, of 11, Wide Marsh, stand that
iosseased had a room at his hems, and on Wedneselty
the 30* of Angels, he beard a Boise in the pas-
as palm Igiedwg; eril Oft there he sew toe
deemed and her daughter tarnisher, the deceased
having hold of the hest of Me tor, who was trying to
sigusEi
throw her down. He tried topst Weser,
but could not, and
at last the Memened mall and poi her de titer on her. Elh,
struck r.e bask Mbar heal with peat violence, and her cap
was iastaady itaissel hi Wed. Her eyes were also
nab hisissed. • liiiiimes was seat for, and
the deeetuad gave her daughter into custody oa a
charge el assault, awl kr Healing a 101. meta. On the
following fie aday she bssemit very ill, and was attended by
Mr. O'llhea,_a surEMS. 11p to the time of her death on
Thursday. Mr. Heusi, sided that the deceased MU con-
tinually intoxicated, sad men me, abusive to her daughter.
A child named Forster dated that the sew Mary Ana West
throw a piece ot brick ea the Waimea't afternoon which
etre& deceased on the hack of the head.—Pollee-oinstable

RovisanTill L. said, that while he was taking the chugn,er
thsetttim-honse, she mid " Bh. would murder the old
taggo.," meaning her moth. r —Mr. 013hea,ot Mount-suer,
surgeon, was examined at considerable length, cad his opi
sins was that ass* woe the result of a lacerated wound he
found at the bark of thetwad.—After someotharwitnemea
had risen examined the Coroner summed up the evi
define and the jury returned a verdict of " Manslaughter
acainit Mary Ann West."—The coroner then made out
his warrant for her oonituittal.—Sutcwa TROY
. .

TlON.—Betore Mr. W. Cotter. at the Duke at Cimino*,
Streat ,am, oa the body of Williams Pik*, aged 63. —From
the temintony of the witness.. it appeared the tit owed was
a eolith by trade, and had lately beta ia a very low and de-
epowdiag state, arising from out of employment, and it we.
mid he had hut no work for upwards of hue months. On
Wednesday morning he was mimed from his room, and on
march being made for :.int he we. discovered to a pool of
blood, and a large gash in his throat, which had evident'y
been inil:cted with a large clasp knife, which was lyntg by
his side. Life was gaits ex inst. Verdict, " Temporary
Inanity."

THE RAILWAY ACCIDENT NEAR NEWTON-

BRIDGE.
On Saturday the inquiry into the eauge of the
accident eras resumed at the Qu en', Hotel, at Birmingham.
Prior to the recommenoentent ut toe protect iop the coroner
inquired of Mr. Carter, t e company's solicitor, as in what
time in the day it would be convenient to convey the jury to
the spot where the reel lent occurred. It weaned ti him
that it wool I be adviaahle that they *tumid traval at mina
train 'pod at for as Wolverhampton, and on their return
at tip at the site of the waszdent. Mr. Carter replied that so
rommodation would be proviled at any time in the day, as
teat the regular real .s w. re ant interfered with.
The Rev. 0. Y. Osborne was the brat witness examined.
He said: l was a nesseneer by the express train on Batertlay
night the Bud inst. There was • delay at Staff et of more
than tea amutes ; Ct. was caret by a pamenger's luggage
Lavine teen teat by the Trent Veil.." trout instea t of d.rect
to W. lent wept at We travelled to Wolverhainvon at the
usual speed, and left that place at a quarter to rich',
at a rather in.:treated speed. There wig a slight
coctllation, but rot more than amid by auras
trains. I was in the centre compartment of the
middle carriage; and t ere was no buripinF. of any
sort. The B e go-roger, In the carriage in which I was
inning were thr.en titer saddenly ; it was then epic ly
five mown t' eight ~Tolock. When we hail rtextvered our
selves we jumped out of the windage. Alter ar.tuag en I
oberved the' the c anti aces were all thrown on the
some side, and with the same inclination. I e m-
oot ray how wean it was that the pitit
WWI up. It did not, I hefieve, touch our carriage,
.r any carriage in the train. In sone/gamee ot the wcittvut
hspp ping ate elation where there was only one oda tit, so
immediate &mist-ince could be tendered, but ',boots only
every amotble w w re..dered by the compana 's events.
—Cnroii. r : Uu I uudarstan I ye. to say that when toe lett
W 0 v.rhiliont•ten you were not travelling boa• r thew Ito-
tent) rate of supreme trains? Wither Shanty p•renip,
My general impreasion is that we were tray. Wag at the rate
of item forty to levy her maths an h••ur. I ewer-
.sin d by my ar• eh that we r.n Burins an 1 a lash
miles in tea nalooatea. It did not a rake me that
wia were Oat at as seselerated ans. d jikt
berme the accedeat occurred, but 1 was in the ml idle car.

rip, sad dwell anieteestly feel it leas than any other
CMS. lan leadessillare wee set any bumping on the
dew of Ile mob. t Ilis turned= which I K lea,-
leg Weleuhamora eaminal said at wind at the hridge,
hut It did not foams; 4 was not nitro than I have often
experienced. I did not perceive an oscillation op to Wol
v. rhempten ; the train was divided at Stafford, the one we
elms on by being coneiderabl skeeter. I am aware that
there is more probability of tie with a short teak& than
a long one.
H. M'Callenn, servant to Ca. Baird, was examined. He
s'ar d that he had not experienced any. bumping between
Stafford end Wolverhampton. After leaving the latter town
the bumping commented. At arat it was three abet blows;
these increased and continued fee fin or six allies, until at
length the knocking became so violent Just bakes the mai.
dent occurred that witness wee apmehensive tho bottom of
the carriage would be by ben.—By Mr. Carter: I certainly
perceived an increased speed between Btaffurd awed Newton-
bridge. Was not aware that then was a slight inclination
of ties lino.
Mr. 0. hat, merchant, said: Before the accident occurred
1 observed the, we Were travelling at as extsacedinar7
speed. I noticed an fureass of apnea just before the tech
dnt happened. Thera had not been more oscillation than
newel ; it was slight just before thausendent. I was in the
middle compartment of the carriage num.* the guard's vain
It was thrown over on its left side, lying across the rail., and
after it was down ear carriage again slightly moved. I had
the tendons of my right hand hurt. When I got out
of th- earrlege I law a gentleman named Shaard lying near
the buffer of the middle carriage. Subsequently I walked
down the line, and f and that the rails had bean twit up in
several places. Wcen being thrown down I heard • crash
sinnetaneoualy with our tall.—By Mr. Carter ; The crash o
which 1 allude night have been the settling down of the
other two curt iages to which ours was attached. It amid
not have been a blow from the pilot *anise. My impression
was, that between Stafford and Wales:humph* we
were travelling at an increased speed, in order to make
ap time. Ido not know that we were travelling at the rote
=than 35 mile* an hour.—Mr. Carter: I pat that
because we are in posses/inn or an official state-
ment with runect to the exact time taken for the journey
Wettish Stafford and Wolverhampton.
Mr. John Percival, of Birmingham, another pawner by
this train, was nest examined, and said. We were at
Wolverhampton twenty.five mnatee behind time. A
few minutes arta: leaving the station i noticed that
ers were neing at a pasta sp. ed than usual, and
shortly afterward* I tent the r•cking of the cc,.
tiara. This appeared to be immediately followed by an
impulse se well from behind to teem the front. Witness
described the effects produced by the accident, as air. tidy
given in evidence end in reply to • question from the corn.
nor as to the length of time that elapsed between the rocking
of
thie carriage bring first felt and the accident occurring the
witness scut : At the outside it WY one minute; but I felt
fur fur or five minutes before that the carriages were not
working no airily as usual. I went to Wolverhampton by the 10
o'clock caiu that aunties, and then noticed that on some
parts of the line the edge of tee rails wen rough, and in
none instances slit. This might be two miles on the way
from Birmingham. Toes app. end to me to be danteroue
By Mr. Carter : lam not aware that laminating is common
on all lime of railway. This roughnesimi the rails intended
I,r a quarter of • mils.
The Coroner here remarked that they hail already a peat
mass of passenger evidence before them, and the only other
important witness Win Mr. Bhuard, who had, however al
ready suffered so tread), that unites there was an absolute
necessity for takirg his evidence, he would rather refrain
from thing so.
The jury hawing intimated that they did not wish Mr.
Shuard to undergo the pain of an examiontion, Mr. Genres
Powell, of the Warwick House, Birmingham, was but
relief. He stated that he travelled much by expreu trains,
and that on the night of this accident he complained of the
delay at Stafford and Wolverhampton. D.d no• oh.. rye any
peculiarity of the motion or ape. d of the train before this
accident occurred. Had travelled fre putty by a:pre/strains
»hen lee experienced more discomfort than on this masks ;
and did not think that the train was travelling rat ins
extraordinary spud. The pilot engine pseud by about date
wino es after the acsid..nt ; it touched something istat
slid seemedto be going at the speed of mail trains.
not appear to he guihg alone with that asp.e ed wirlas
when he should have thought ought ti have been observed in
an engine sent out in search of a late train, or in case of aoii.
dent —Mr. Carter (to witness): But supposing it had not
been sent oat for that purpose t—Witness Then it would
not be going too fut. N. of the pamengers in the
compartment in which I was had expresses any fears in
consequence of the speed at which tee were travelling. Did
not notice any i crease of speed after leaving Wolverhamp•
tin. Was unable to form any opinion as to the cause of toe
accident.

Mr. Francs Trdithiek, superintendent of locomntires on
the northern division of the line, stated that he left Bir-
mingham oa a pilot engine on Saturday night, the 2 od lost ,
at anon, a quarter befits eisttt ; hu' object iu doing so wits
to observe me working of the line on a pilot en Ansi. Just
before ha started, Joyce, the engineman, hart said that he was
w .icing to see whether the exonestrain was sufficiently alter its
time to need a pilot engine bring sent in sedan of It. Pro.
Tided there had been no °haul/anon, his (witness's) inten-
tion was to go to Wolverhuspton or perhaps to Stafford up
to a woods train. Told Joyce to take oat his engine without
any further remark; had asked him pronoun,' whether it
was possible for hint to catch the Mods train, which bad
o an gone twenty minutes; he replied that it was not ; started
five minutes afterwards., and without any intention in coming
up with tho express train, at the rate of thirty-Ave miles
an hour. Ou entering the Newton cutting the engine-
man shut off a portion of her steam no remark was
then mute until the engine Ott the rail.. After running
about 100 'Ledo the engine turned over on its side. Witness
remarked that there had been no signal out; ran back arid
aw an engine with her trim. end towards Birmingham, oa the
right hand side of the down hoe. The driver, who was stand-
ing near, rid that they had left the rails. Tile pilot engine
had gone off the has in consequence of he rails having des
✓emoved. The rails were very much torn up for 10 or 20
yards. Bete, co Birmingham and Liverpool there are ten
vetch engines at work so °bunion mar require, night and
day : there is generally one every thirty ml-s. I think
tint suet engines as we um are sate to run fifty miles
an h.ur. I don't think it possible for them to run silty
with a train on a narrow gangs line. These are the outside
cylinder engines. I don't think oscillation will occur at any
speed at which they mu run onkel there Is something In the
road. A manta **rutiny of engines takes place other
day. At the time I started on the pilot engine it was sot
with the impression that there had been any accident to the
express train. &pouting In this accident the last carriage
to have gone off firs., the ensiles was precisely is the sun,
position I shoed have anticipated it would be under each
circumstances.
At this rage of the inquiry the further proceedings were
again adjourned until Tuesday (to-morrow) ; but prior to
separating this jury proceeded to view tne spot where the 'o-
ddest occurred. The permanent way has been repaired, but
toe be ken rails and chairs, which still mania' afford abun-
dant evidence of ths tremendous shock whih mu t have
been experienced. The rails are crashed or bent doubl-i, and
the oksin, for upwards of 150 yarns, eve mutilated by the
violent blows received from the wheels after the train had
nut off. Oar reporter, who Ltd twice insp. cited the spot, in-
timates that there are appearances on the torn-up rail. which
would seem to iadeste that it was the last earring, which
fust ran riff the lies.

In toe tours of the day, Cul. Nicholls, an intimate blend
el Cul. Baird and kit busily, cams into the inq Teat rain,
and said that he wee requested by Miss Baird wkli had
suetained a deep lees in the death of her only bc other, to
exprtes ha thankfulness to the company and to all eon-
meted with them fur the attention the deceased had re
calved lam the nnfurtanate OODUMDOII.

THE GREAT LONDON PRISONS.-MIDDLE

SBIC ROUSE TON:

Ws take it Toi:gran trtdthaidierienWeli is known
to every breakfast table in this kingdom. To she careful
reader of the police T. ports the name of this distriet ettaot be
es familiar as the commonest household words. . he em-
inent COGllitt dim turbulent population with the law and the
guardians of the public pesos has levee it a eilivervel repu-
tation. It is low Lon io., of low Liodon—the quiiiteen nos
of an essence. All great cities have their Cierkenweilo
The metropolitan district is ooly • type of one of the condi-
lions of • tows pupalation whisk prevails to.or; or
less intensely everywhere. It is the *bid mass of violence
and outrage which the capital has to bout. Although
not so exclusively the haunt of thieves, bursters,
yogi ntm, and vegthosits as Bt. Wes's d me low
neialehourhoode about the Broadway, Weutmiss er, It is,
nevertheless, far more remsrkahle for crimes of toe illtrileSt
Mod than either of these nOtOrioill localities. More war-
ders sod attempts at murder take
_pita, in Cl. rkenwel
than in any other part en &video. Not that the °hire .•
racterissics of a minim,' populstion are unknown mere -far
trues that. Tne vari sus ep vies of crime hove no mare.
noting power. Tetley:, are nut f mod confined to olio ti-
ciality—oolnen to antrher—burplas toe third—and a. f est..
On the c introry, all these pr I. ..inns nave pilots it iity
—bond. of intenst which brier mem torether. The ,
tote take- up her abode near the burglar—her parourour—
kW pl. Chan ; and the thief will she OP tin nints so the
issibourbood of the prostitute, b come he Bodo her • not.
ha ally in his depredatim-, especially in roll cries
from the person. The setae criminal will WO not
sti.lrequiii.tly combine iw or tern different orders if crime
in his owe person. For clamp e, the same iniLvi lual wall
M • burglar. • aim eon thief, end an utterer ut W., coin.
Females who walk the greets ant frequent the thriplils are
almost all thief.a oe well. Th. offender i forced to rhntnie
ho turtles aceorling to reams • at mre.lestences. Elaine
tunes he is one thing, •••Seliodeli an *her. C ono is tow.
eminently sporadic. It is migratory as wed. Tie ban
dike of wicietv seldom remain tong in • p'ari . Th y hare
sn with to make the acquaintance of the police, and are
always shifting about to .void it.
Taus it is impossible parmanen I. to deiserihe
any given Meality by a simple charainerisio. But ou.i
a rude charseterisatimi is tor iteeneiete. Three sing us
way from N weave, 'Mouth 8.1t•.8 I Cassette% Mona C .w
Cr..... and by tledrun. hill, into take keen Cioak...aril. the
pedertrien pence themes same of the worms pars of tit.
er at sic,. home puts of this lie ihniegh
wane thee the won: pares of Part—wore, perhap-, than the
lu • ls at it. show. the C0...m0an., is oaten. Li- to
serial ~arrow dirty _ate ens ens Courts, crowded and h thy e.
•he by-plants in Bounds men, int.withis and el...touts .1'
hilt, oyster, and almost of sir: pop ► y •ttlepidated
laud t . • saw of foil a d ugl) raisnish ; e andtre with
pat. and grimily frees--or on hi with preteettire d s-
ew, amiss loon tits 11,1,is'uta and unhealthy mecum.' mans
is Innen toot' ars thrown. 0 late years mimic • imeioi
hoe Wes draws to thin w ul tlis4 rat r!--Lif tow vi s—ot
bob, crime, and tern' 8 um &moats hove been
mos it Toe new • tree, to e intimation of Peril •••••1-
Street, La opined up some of the sieserset v.otas

into the former condition of the locality. Field-lane has
bean broken into, and but a remnant of its former glory now
rendes; enough, however, to enable one to understand
what it fart have been in iM palmier day. Let the litepector
of the London prieose—atter emptying all his outer p.sekets
and bunesim up his eoat to secure his watch, poeket-book,
and handkief—penetrate this celebered reeeptade for
steles goodc The lane is so nary .w he may reach acroes
from house to holies and the buildings ro lofty that a good
bright ens is required to egad light to the surface. The
dwellimis eft either side are dark ; in some of them candles
or gas is always burning. The stench is awful Along the
middle of the 111811.01, lane runs a gutter, into which every
sort 01 pahosens liquids is nenred. This thorough-
fan Is ocespiel entirely by rec. Jeers of stolen role,
which ere all openly spread:out for sole. Hero you may re
purchase year hat, boots, or umbrella; and, unless you take
l precautiou. you will have one of the importunate
2e7scls oinen—Jewesses, who are fir greeter adepts to the arts
of cajolery than the fair ladies who p qu's themselres upon
their snorers at charitable bazar.—attempting to seduce you
into the putehive of the very handkerehiif whisk you had in
your pocket at the entrance.
Let the observer ...news at the Clerkenwell end of Field-
lane,' and then notice the character of the place he is in. Let
lam pities f a moment to contemplate this dot-bed of crime
and liesioralisatims Here is one of the great dunghills on
which society rears its criminals for the gallows, as it does
=IOn for the tahle. Look there, seeni. the gap thrown
open for the new street at the sections which are laid bare
—at the low crowded dwel,ings, the windows broken, tiles
fallen out of tbrir places, the dirt and haggard wretched
new which meets the eye at every i.uint. N., wonder, in-
deed, to find gaols in such a neighbourhood! The fl trout
of the fruit dep.-nde upon the quality of the soil: and here
we have the richest rankness imagineble.
I. the very 'nowt of this ill.tonciitioned distriet—in the
very midst of this disorderly and poverty-ctomed, though
only in part felon. population—rand two ut the great int-
don prisons: namely, the House of Detention for the County
of Middlesex, and the Hokin of Coreetion for the seine.
We approach the first of these—the object of our visit—by
Field-lane, Saffron-hill, and similar notorious localities—ate
ii,.g vestibule of such a temple !
There is nothing at all striking in the appearance of this
pt aeon. It is newly rebuilt, on toe model of P, ntonvllle,
but in a rougher and less expensive wavier. It was only
re-opened about twelve months ago. It wit accontothiate
three hundred prisoner+, and coot about 23,0001. in Ind, just
at the time that public attention was first called to the sub
feet, in a serious and decided manner, by Howard, and in
consequene • It was built on a modecat. ly load plan—for that
period—and for a lung while it enjoyed a fair reputa-
tion. The great phil,mthropie speaks of it with epi-
tome, though not &thorn, approbation. It was then a
place of confinement tor tellies and aimin-ds gene-
rally ; sadist one period it was els, n-ed for the imprisonment
of uebtors. The el.iet faulty mere, he absence of bedding—a
universe. fault. Howard tell. us to a note that in no prison
in London, etc, pt the Bridget% were there either bedding
or straw peinid.sl for the prisoners to lie on at night;
nor glees it, the windows, which, in fact, consisted merely
ot a number of square holes in the wall, sir mgly
• grated with hen of mon ; the smallnea of the governor's
L salary, had to be made up from '.Ol. paid to him by
I the county, to at tast 3001. ont of the fees accruing from
the misetablo wretches who were iocarcerated in its cells.

The prison is mow only void us a house of detentioa—
like Newpate—lam prisoners awaiting trial at the wises, end
for this purpose its intereal arrang m, nta are admirably
adapted. Tte building is In the form of a Eros, e, of
which the intersecting point is open, sad commands •
view of the satire prison. Three of the branches are occu-
pied by a triple rungs of vile; the fourth I. appropriated
—the ground floor te the offices of the prison, and a number
of rooms provided with tables and writing materials fur the
accommodation of prtsoners' soliciwra—the upper part by the
chapel—very neatly inol appropriately arranged.
There are cells fur 300; but the usual number of persons
unlined is about 160. Generally speaking the offenders sent
here are only charged with compacetivel pet.y crimes; the
more serious charms are committed to Newgate for greater
security. None of the Nolte watch we noticed in Newgate
are 'Mule here. There is no crowding of prisoners; no com-
munication amongst them possible. The silence of the. grave
reigns in every part. By no chance can one culprit ever see
another. There is no murering—except in chapel; and
even there, although near together, it is impossible to see
each other, or in any way to commuoiette without instant
detection. Pentonville is not near so rigidly sepa-
ratist as the Boas* of Potention. All this caution is
eminently nueseary, and is attended with the very best re-
sults. Being only detained here for triat, they wear no corn.
awn c atom, ; each person wears his ordinary garb, ai.d, it
seen at all, would therefore be eerily recognised afterwards.
If a man get no good in this prison, tie eau at worst get very
little harm done to him. The lesson of virtue may be loa—
the work of the Wielder and the teacher may be. vain ; but
k k inisething to know that no new crime, an be lenrued—
the habit of no fresh iniquity acquired. Perhaps this nega-
tive good is all that can at present be hoped fur from such
es this. There is not time rough to produce any
effect upon the mind of the offender—even
V moiety was certain of is rght to subject men
cot yet convicted of an offence before the law
to any discipline not absolutely necessary to their security.
Good is nut so readily learned sated. Elocution in honesty
is a lon process than education in crime. Prisoners are
detained on the average in this house only about seven days,
a period in which very little solid instruction eau be On.
veyed. Very little is, therefore, attempted. Each person
is visited in his cell daily„ when religious discourse is offered.
The absolutely ignorant receive such first lessons In their let-
ters as the tine will permit. But no attempt is made to
tacit them writing or cyphering. These acts are considered
either toe revolutionary or too troublesome to undertake ;
instruction in reading alone Is afforded—and that only to
a few.
The diet is good. Nn person, however, is compelled to
take it. A man may have all his food seat in by his friends.
But he ma not have a part of it only sent in. On
admittance he makes his election, either to maintain himself
entirely, or to take the regour fare. An average of a i.osen
persons alw ys prefer the former. No luxuries are, how
ever, permitted to be introduced into the prison under this
regulation. Wines, spirite,tobacco, and all mere luxuries are
entirely prohibited—except when brought in by the warrant
of the gaol surgeon ; and not more than a pint of malt
liquor can be obtained each 2i hours. With respect to em-
ployment, the authoritiss provide none; but they give each
man permission tee work (or himself, or for any one who
will employ aim. Thus the shoemaker's friends bring
him in work, the tailor's the same, and so on ; the Was,
may attest himself—the thief may tick his own pukes.
The prison has nothing to du with the dames labour.
II beau turn it to a.-bean he is at liberty to do so, and for
his own profit. At first sight this miy apr.ttr wrong. To
floe. a man laud and lodging at the expense of the country
ai.d yet leave his labour unsequestrated is no doubt to put a
sort of premium upon crime. But the time is so abort that
little piratic can arise from it. Elie country cannot employ
him witeout expensive machinery, and the advantage of
kw ping him out of idlene4 more than counterbalances the
apparent soil.
The great fault of this prison is ita size. It is too large for
the ground on which it stands. The building comes too near
the wall. Consequently it is neither very airy nor wry sore.
liscurity is eotaiued mom by the rigorous discipline than by
the formidable nature of the building. With these points
extespied it is what Nurseta ought to be, sad what every
hereof detention must beseme.

• Os Pk pipe et poet there steed la biers dap the pales ot
et Nelda et Wept, war whim. was aPk well el weednaa virtues,
to whit* people neertwi k amp wawa It we email St.
leld►ws whore the roe wes serried ei pare:art when
the Mier Mass a Mal of pekoe. PP akin la watt we pets et the
seamy were two ke elt~ warp op the aim west watt them,
awl thee we pt Met PP Irk pee the tarp Ikbintell,--s wort
whets Me pep few ether hely weeelmeleem • sew primp was titter-
er& Ink spine the eel the eelpelts la both eleces
eiwwieet the ems ebeeeL Tee pinks Mews es the New PASJII was