The Express.
London, England, 1851-10-07 00:00:00

THE UNITED STATES.

ARRIVAL OF THE STEAM-SHIP NIAGARA.
A summary of the following appeared in part of
our impression yesterday :
On Monday morning, at 7 o'clock, the British and
North American Royal Mail steam-ship Niagara,
Capt. Stone, arrived in the Mersey from New York
direct, with letters and 'tapers to the 2.lth ult. inclu-
sive, having left that port on that day at noon with
61 passengers, about 4744,000 dollars in specie, and
the usual mails front the United States and British
America.

The Royal Mail steam-ship Africa, Capt. Ityrie,
arrived out at New York at 7 o'clock on the morn-
ing of the 21th, and on the 27th, at -1 p.m., in lat.
43.22 and lon. 39.35, the Niagara passed the screw
steamer Glasgow standing westward.
Kinkel, the eminent German poet and patriot, has
arrived at New York by the Pacific, and will be some
two mouths in the country. Ho looks well, having
entirely recovered from the effects of imprisonment
in a Prussian penitentiary. He is in the United
States in connexion with the operations of the Ger-
man revolutionists, with a view especially to interest
his countrymen here in the efforts making to redeem
their fatherland, and to procure from them contribu-
tions in aid of that work.
With regret we announce the suspension of
Messrs. Thompson and Co., the most extensive
carpet manufacturers in this country, and Messrs.
F. S. and D. Lathrop, extensive jobbers of dry goods.
The latter aro reported to be indorsers on the paper
of the former to the amount of 300,000 dollars, and
forced to suspension by this fact, and not by their
business proper. Messrs. Brown (Brown, Brothers,
and Co.) and Hicks (Hicks and Co.) arc assignees of
Messrs. Thompson and Co. Two very large manu-
facturing concerns at Tariffville and Thompsonvillo,
Connecticut, are connected with this house, and it is
not yet known if these companies will suspend pay-
ment in consequence of the above failure. The lia-
bilities cannot be far from a million of dollars, scat-
tered among the banks, shavers of notes, and wool
dealers.

Our correspondent writes as follows—
NEW YORK, SEPT. 24.
Since my last, the Chagres steamers, Illinois and
Brother Jonathan, which, through stress of weather,
put into southern ports, have arrived here, and the
Cherokee also came in yesterday, having touched at
Kingston. Our regular dates from San Francisco
are to the 16th ult., one day later only than those we
have before received. The following is a resume of tho
California news. The vigilance committee, who hung
a few rascals not long since because the courts allowed
them to escape punishment, have assumed in conse-
quence of the goddess Justice having taken the band-
age off her eyes, merely the duties of an escort.
They now act in conformity with the law, and as a
police force. Quiet has been restored, and crime has
sensibly diminished. The miners have done uncom-
monly well during the present season, and a very
large number will return to the United States this
winter, satisfied with their gains. The quartz rock
continues to prove prolific, and it is computed that 60
millions of gold dust may be expected annually from
California during the present generation at least.
Nor is this all. Lower California is now said to be
richer than Upper California, and it is v ry certain
that very important discoveries of gold are there
being constantly made. The miners were never in
such good spirits as they are now. San Francisco is
already rebuilt with substantial buildings. The
merchants are overstocked, however, with goods.
Labour continues very high, and industrious men do
as well as ever. So many, however, desire to live
by their wits, that labour is not so much in fashion
Isa it should be. The difficulties with the wandering
Indian tribes are nearly all settled.
Our South American news from the western side,
items of which were communicated to you in my
last, was brought, it seems, to Panama by the
Isteamer North America. She was 22 days 22 hours
in running from New York to Rio Janeiro. Sho ran
through the Straits of Magellan in one day and
wen hours, in spite of " wind and weather." Her
trip from Rio to Valparaiso occupied 16 days four
hours and a half, and from Valparaiso to Panama, 10
'days one hour. Making allowance for 10 days' de-

tendon to coal at Itle, and other losses of time on the
way, she wu only 68 days two and a half hours on
the way front New York to Panama.
From Valparaiso a letter writer, under date of Aug.
21, says
The Nerd' America, like her forerunner, the Pacific, has
made the run from New York to this port within 40 days ;
and no oth. r steamer has equalled that. The unparalleled
speed of ti(sie boats has excited much admiration, surpassed
only by the wonder expressed at the safe passage round
the Dorn made by so many of the small ones—mere cockle
shells—that have passed here during the last two years.
The British Company are about to put on four new and
powerful steamers, to carry the mail between this and Pa-
nama, twice a month instead of once, as hitherto ; and they
extend the route then as far south as Talcahuano. The
Santiago and the Lima, the two first of these, will soon be
on their way out from Liverpool. Our harbour is full of
vessels vainly seeking employment, many of them badly
damn( it in the late northers experienced here. The wreck
of the Peru steamer, cast ashore and gone to pieces in the'
Alminorol, sold only for 50 deals. ; but the machinery,
when got out will be sent to England. The
*ale of the Ecuador, wrecked about the same time
at Coquimho, is to take place there on the 28th inst.
These are the first steamers lost on the Pacific coast.
Trade generally is dull. Stocks of goods enormous. Po-
litical lately so rife, are now dissipated.
Doctor Moutt, the new president elect, comes in with an
immense majority, and assumes the reins of government on
the 17th September—the fourth of July of this republic.
Charmed with the success of the railroad constructed by
our enterer' • g countryman, Mr. Wheelwright, for the
Copiapo tompany, the government are proposing to build
one between this city and Santiago. The cost is estimated
at near seven million dollars, an amount nut easily ob-
tained, if one mire judge from the result of a loan just
advertised tOr (400,000 dollars at 8 per cent. per annum),
there lo net only two bids, amounting together to 70,080.
If the company of stockholders be formed and the gua-
rantee of the government given, doubtless the amount
access..ry could be raised in Great Britain. Our new
consul, Mr. Doer, has fully entered upon the duties of the
office, 41,.1 bids fair to give great satisfaction to those inter-
ested, :owl to he a worthy representative of the country we
love. At present the Southampton (store-ship) is the only
United Mates government vessel in port. The Raritan
Diag-ship) is down the coast. The St. Mary is expected
from T..hiti, and the Vandalia from !tlesieo or the Sand-
wich Islands.
Our domestic news has the usual diversified cha-
racter. The politicians are preparing fur the coming
election in thug state, and it is not possible to foresee
the result; both Naas are confident.
To-day the Episcopal Convention for this diocese
holds its annual session. The election of a pro-
visional bishop will he the chief business. The high-
church party, who are no higher than the low-
church party, except that they lean towards Dome
as much as they dare, seek to elect some personal
friend of the suspended bishops. They cannot re-
atom him, but they wish to tnumph in the choice
of some one who maintains his divine right and per-
sonal innocence. The opposition desire a bishop who
shall wit only be such a one as shall possess the New
Testate, lit gratifications, but shall put an end to the
evil practices and principles which have begun to
pervail here in our churches. The debates will be
stormy. beyond all doubt. I shall keep you advised
of everything interesting.
Our money market is still greatly distressed. Our
largest houses are failing, and for enormous
amounts. A caret factory at 'fhompsonville, the
largest in the United States, has been stopped, its
pwrietign having failed for a million and a half of
dollars. The banks are afraid to discount while
specie is Waving us in such vast amounts, and pro-
missory notes cannot be turned into money any
longer. One half per cent. per day is freely paid in
Wall-street for the we of money. This state of
things is truly disastrous, and we see no end to it at
present. Great dismay prevails among our monied
circles in consequence.
The Prraident has returned to Washington, and
Lord lquin to Canada.
Our weather continues to be fine.
A3IEIIICUS.