The Express.
London, England, 1853-04-29 00:00:00

THE EXPRESS, FRIDAY EVENING♦, APRIX, 29, 1853.

winery. (Hear, hem.) Bat the sight hoe. gentleman
said that Sir Robert Peel had imposed two taxes in lien of
the income tax, both of which had eines been taken off.

Sir Itobert Peel, it was true, hat imposed a spirit
duty of Is. per gallon, and be (Sir F. Baring)
did not object to that; but tbc Chancellor of the Exchequer
actually proposed to reimpose two-thirds of that very duty.
(Hear, hear.) Thee, again, with regard to the stamp
ation. Formerly the stamp duties had been less in Ire-
land than in England, and Sir Robert Peel hail retied them
to the same amount. Now, it was no doubt quite true that
they had singe been reduced, but the reduction had been a

general one, and therefore they could not say that it had
been a boa; to Ireland in particular. (Hear, hear.) Bat
it was said that the budget gare a boon to Ireland in the
abandonment of the consolidated annuities. Now he (Sir
F. Baring) did not argue on the strict justice of the
cue ; but, after the report of the Lords' committee—(hear,
hear)—he was bound to say he could nut look open the re-
mignon of a part of these annuities as any compensation
to Ireland for the income tax, because she had to a certain
. .

extent a right to that retake:on without being subjected to
any additional taxation. (Cheers from the Irish members.)
What were the comparative benefits to Ireland and Eng-
land from the present proposal ? (Hear, hear.) Without
attempting to capitalise the different funds, he would take
the advantages and disadvantages to each from the whole
budget, and also after 1860. What were we paying now ?
He would put out of sight the tales to be paid by Ireland
and England equally, and the advantages given to both—
the legacy duties and the remission of the tea duties, for
instance. Independent of the reductions common to both,
the relief to Ireland would be 215,0001. from the Censoli.
. .

dated Annuities, while the additional taxation would be
668,0001.—a balance of 423,0001. to be paid more by Ireland.
In Great Britain the new taxed imposed would be 403,0001.;
the immediate relief in soap, mewed taxes, post-horse
duty, 1,442,0601.; being a relief of upwards of one million.
(Loud cheers from the Iri,h members.) Under these
circumstances, was it quite fair to place the in-
come tax on Ireland, and thus make it pa
426,0001. additional taxation ? (Hear, hear.) At the end
of 1860, the ultimate relief to Ireland would only be
46,0001. a year; to Great Britain it would be 5 millions
from the income-tax alone, and in the whole, 6,993,000/. ;
while the additional taxation would only be about 200,000!.
for the spirit duties in Scotland, or a net relief of 6,70,0001.
(Hear, hear.) This being so, he should have no hesitation
in refusing by his vote to extend the income-tax to Ireland.
(Cheers.) hie would mike that country pay its fair share
'id emotion, but nothing more ; and he hoped they should
he Age to remit a rid, at least, of the consolidated annui-
ties, without imposing any additional taxes. (Hear.)
Lord LOVAINE gave a mild but determined opposition
to the budget, which he examined point by point, alluding
particularly to that portion of it relating to the legacy duty,
which he believed to be a step in the wrong direction,
= to the downfall of the aristocracy end of things in
Mr. FORTESCUE examined the "over-sensitive ar
numents" of Sir F. Baring with regard to Ireland, and
lured the justice of extending the income tax to that
miuTnthery.
Marquis of GRANBY disputed the logic by which
it was attempted to justify the imposition of a eonferedly
had tax for seven years longer. &Boding to other portions
M the budget, be was particularly alarmed at that relating
to the legacy duty,. which he prophesied would result,
among other calamities, in ismatorial pauperism. He gave
his opposition generally to the budget.
Sir C. WOOD said two parties were opposed to the
budget. the noble lord who had just sat down, fairly re-
presented on. elms of opponents, namely, the landowners.
The other opponents were represented by members for Ira
lass. The latter objected altogether to the extension of the
Mame tat to Ireland. But did the amendment object le
the *tend= at the iellolllo tax So Ireland? (Hear, hear.)
Did the atiesideaseg that there was anything *fair le
land, that eesaideration ought to be shown to la*
in the lea RI Why, the amendment said directly the re-
verse. The ameaduient said, "do not extend the Lamm
tax either be people having between 1601. and 1001. a year,
unless you mike a diatinctiou in favour of trades and pro-
tiooksok" • Weil, then, if the noble lord and those who sat
nee' Idea the landed merest voted for the
amadamst props* the hon. member for Hertfordshire,
they be -MI.. a further boon should be given
a
to trudge preteedess, which would make it more unfair.
Hewes surprised then that the member for Maldon
should meenidied et the speech by which it was pre-
faced. The representatives of the landed interest both in
this want* and In Ireland, would do well to consider what
wee the real purport and scope of the amendment before
they voted for it. (Hear, hear.) He maintained that the
amendment was more adverse to the landed interest than
the proposition of hie right hon. friend, because it propos, d
to give trade and professions an advantage which land would
not enjoy. That might be wise and politic in itself, but at
all events it was not for the benefit of the
landed interest. (Hear, hear.) As a landowner, he would
say now 'what he had often said before, that the interests
of all were bound up together, and that the trade end
manufactures of the eountry could not Boorish without
land participating in their prosperity. (Cheers.) Tho
landed interest had before now negleeted the advice whisk
had been given to them frem his side of *6 _head., aid
what was the consequen, • ? His noble frbmilfpnepenedi do,
Ss. duty on corn, which had been refused; Mid a fad
years afterwards the whole duty was taken off. (Cheers.)
The tight hon. gentleman (Mr. Disraeli) made a proposal
with regard to the exclusive byrdens which the land
bore, which proposition, if it had been 01111114
would have :increased those those burdens. Os that
occasion they, on his side of the house, saved the agri-
cultural interest in spite of themselves. (Cheers.)
It was said that they did not ideate there were any exclu-
sive burdens on land. Why, it was on the ground of the
enclasive burdens on land that he defended the justice of
the Manse tax, as at present levied. He would now de:,
maestri* to any. clear-minded man that the proposition of
his right hon. friend was more favourable to the landed ia-
tenet than the proposition of the right hon. gentleman op-
posite. The right hon. gentleman opposite proposed to im-
pose • tax of only fild. on trades and professions, and 7d. on
land. HU right hon. friend proposed to levy an equal tax
of 7d. on both trades and land. . That was a statement of
fact which must be clear enough to the leaded interest.
(Hear, hear.) Then hie right beg. friend proposed the
income tax with the hope of its being taken off at the
end of seven years; and be point* out the means
of
ing about this result. The right hon. gentleman
pro his income tax for three years without the
slightest prospect of its being taken Of at the end of that
period, unless he put on the tax en enceessioas. (Hear.)
Then the right hoe. gentled* proposed to extend the tax
between Pl. and 1601. to the oersersof land at a rate of 7d.
His right hos. Mend proposed to eats* it to *semi'
between 1001. and 150/. at a rata of fid., whereby these in-
comes between 601. gad 1051. would move altogether from ,
the tax, had those with incomes between 1001- and 1601.
would have its pressure diminished by twopence' In
the pound. (Hoer, hear.) Which of the two pro-
positions, he would now ask, as the west favourable• to
the owners of land and to the small freeholders? (Beer.)
But he was told that he least take the inmate tax is ess-
nexion with the tax on tutoeseion. He admitted the fair.
ness of that. Now, if the owners of land and real property
thought that it was better fee theta that there should 06 a.
difference of rate in the income tax, instead of a tax on sue-
sessions, they were labouring under the greateatinkashe
possible. (Hear.) He was firmly meet** that Uwe**.
their interest that a distinct tax should be levied i ream
than thas they should pay a different • rate el imam,
tax. (Hear, beer.) ' For whet ether mode of. pre.:
needing could be adopted ? iferbabreed that the mbeneo
of the actuaries*. 'utterly u and impagilisaMs. ;IL
they now began to Make distiaelkslOblr :Mid ass moo
with the disthmt*, between real smi poessnal =
for the town math Manses beilisees the
skill and'espital• of the trader, and the vhf l alone if dr
professional men, se there was between real earl penergel!
property. (Hear, hear.) With gegnedhe the meempdss of
real property from the tax on ensesesim, lee tbought It was
an anomaly that could not be meifteined much Mow*
favour of the landed interest. (Hear, bear.) He, there-
fore, held that the proposition of hie right bon. friend was
more favourable to the landed interest than that of
the right hon. gentleman, and he would advise the landed
gentry to close with the bargain at once. (Hear, hear.)
But the landed interest was threatened with the tax on sue- '
eerie* by the right hon. gentleman opposite, for* pro-
posing his sebum to the house, he said that 'he thought
it sot imisteible to reconcile conflicting Interests by levying
a duty ma sueemehles." (Heat, hear.) The only ineeiliag
the right hen. gentleman's words could bear was that he
thought the poseermalty and the realty ought to be pissed on
the awe fixing. (Hear, hear.) Omitting, therefore, from
consideration di view of the *tenets of the general cam-
malty, and leekihr to the landed interest slate, the pro-
position of his dolli brie.i was far more in favour of
-bet interest this,* et the right hon. gentleman.
l{ a
the wore able to avoid
by' deerwthild pay um
"Paid% It seZ 11/1r*"11 Moil, by will. His conviction
see, thei the • be paid by perm-
' sent, and neelpErill property was at present
rem*fair y **optimal rates and
ind legs* du ' Under the reseistions,
rilletilingwould be made a> se It with three items
the duties peopased; sod, on the whole, he
Wasted be bad proved that it was quite a misapprehension
to suppose that the whole, or the greater part, of the two
filliTsens mould be leviable en the land. Another advantage
=be thif redact on of the duty on servants and car-
Aill throe were kept in the greatest number by
eneWint:htg slismoule atiminetheencgouragemt endereweout
be given to employment of labour. Oa all these
grounds he recommended gentlemen opposite to accept the
present proposals. The time must come when the legacy
duty must reset
exceeded, sad they could not possibly do it
with better grace than at the present moment, when they
were offered so many equivalents. (Hear, hear.) The
nest class of objectors were the members from Ireland. He
would remind them that the amendment for which they
were about to vote would by no means prevent the extension
of the income tax to Ireland. • The boo. members for Cork
and Roscommon had revived the old calculations which had
been answered in the repeal of anima debates, and the latter
bad talked of the consolidation of the exchequer of the two
countries se a juggle, whereas it was a measure undertakes
solely for the benefit of Ireland, sad spinet the restos!
strances of the country gentlemen of England. The hon.
member for Cork, asked that Ireland should be treated
the same at Scotland and Wales. He would ask in what
way were these two latter countries exempt from English
taxes? (Hear, hear) Again, the hon. member for Roe-
comma reminded him or what he had said is December
last, to the effect that ho was not prepared to extead the
income tax to Ireland. He would say the same now, if ao
compensation were to he given, and would not be a party
to the proposal of his right hon. friend, if his proposal did

pet contain a fall equivalent. That, be eesld assure. tle i
hon. member for Roaeomnion was his retarded *plaits
before the proposal was laid on the table of the house. He
thought he could show the hon. member that his (Sir
C. Wood's) course, had been perfectly consistent in the
matter. Is the first place the house would remember that in '
Deeember there was no quistion of the remission of the
Consolidated Annuities.
lair. DISRAELI intimated that they had then the reso-
lution of the Lords' committee.

Sir C. WOOD said that the right hon. Lords'
did not
catmint to be bound by the report of the Lords' committee.
On this point he could appeal to the bon. member for
Mayo, who at the time complained ti at the government
were not prepared to be guided by the report. lie would
now turn to the question of how mach Ireland would gain
or lose by the proposed changes. The Consolidated An-
nuities would amount in forty years to 7,731,0001., while
the whole of the income tea up to 1860 would be only
2,690,0001. In this view of the case there would be a gain
to Ireland of upwards of av• millions, and this too distri-
buted over the whole of Ireland. The hon. member for

iie;tlr;it-Iti-cling had truly said that the parties who now
paid the rates would not feel the weight of the tax, as
while the rate went down to holdings of 41. a year, the
income tax would not affect any farmer paying less
than 2001. a year rent, the number of farmers in
that situation in Ireland being exceedingly small.
The tat would thus be paid almost exclusively by the
landlord, who would have the right to deduct all the
charges on land. To this he must add that all land held by
persons resident in England was already liable. Again the
holders of property under 1001. a year in value would not
be liable altbovgh at present they were liable to the rate.
, Now to show how much the tax would be a relief, as com-
pared with the present charges, he would take half a dozen
of the most distressed unions in the west of Ireland and

compare them. Castlebar paid to the Consolidated Annui-
ties 2,6311. a year; for income tax it would pay 9951.
Galway paid, Annuities 3,2931.; income tax would be 1,7631.
(Hear, hear.) Oughterard paid 1,5421.; income tax would
be 3361. Scariff, annuities 2,366/. ; income tax 6351. Skib-
bonen 2,0801. ; income tax 1,2001. Scull 9341. ; income
tax 3671. (Loud cries of " Hear, hear.") In all these
cases, too, it must be , recollected that the Annuities were
for 40 years, and the income tax only for seven.
Taking, therefore, those portions of Ireland which were
pressed down by the incidence of taxation, he thought
they would make a good bargain by accepting the budget,
and that generally Ireland would derive an advantage not
merely in the amount remitted, but still more in the fact
that the claws relieved would be the occupiers and the
poorer classes, and that the new tax would be paid by those
undoubtedly able to bear such a burden. Under these cir-
cumstances, the representatives of the western counties
might find it worth while to pause ere they rejected so con-
siderable a boon. (Cheers and laughter.) With regard to
the north and east of Ireland, the qaestion was clear.
(Ironical Cheery) Well, he had never said that they had
any claim to exemption. (Hear.) Why should not Belfast
pay income tax as well as Liverpool? Looking at the mat-
ter generally then, as regarded Ireland, he thought that
that country would, on the whole, obtain a remission, large
and substantial in character, at • very small price. As to
the spirit duties, they stood on quite a different footing ;
and he had always said that if allowance for waste in bond
were conceded the duties on Irish spirits must at ones be
raised. Unless It could be pretended that illicit distlihdien
was thus encouraged there could be no valid argument
for the low duties on Irish spirits; and he on
if tie assertion could be made out that much alit*
distillation really was presented to an extent to justify the
low duties. The hon. member for Roscommon (Mr. T.
French) had said that it would be a breach of faith to ens-
ploy the constabulary in Ireland in checking illicit &stint-
Hoe and in general
ber for Kilkenny had complained that the Irish eonstabs•
lazy was an expensive body which had nothing to do. New,
evidently, one gentiemth's argument balanced the other ;
fee the future the constabulary would be usefully employed,
and the lees objection would be offered by the hon. and
learned member for Kilkenny, inasmuch u he was in error
in supposing that Ireland paid for her constabulary, the
fact being that that force was sustained by the imperial ex.
chequer. Appealing, then, to the whole body of Irish
members, he could not see how they could justify an op-
position to a scheme so eminently favourable to them.
(Cheers and laughter.) But to them and to other hon.
members he would say, with the hon. member for Mon-
trose, that this budget must not be judged, however ex-
amined, in detail, bat that it must be taken or rejected as
a whole. (Hear, hear.) There were, doubtless, defects I.
detail; it was impossible but that on a measure so ex-
tensive aid so complicated, examination would show points
where there might be amendments and improvements; and
his right hon. friend had already said that various proposals
fur modifications were under his consideration. Bat in the
main poiets there could be nothing to object to. The repeal et
the soap tax would be a great beon to rich and poor, OA
all closes'''. Some hon. member bad said, " Why, this le a
sop for Manchester," as if Mansbeeter only wished liii
band.. (Laughter.) The price he Wired nomad be in-
duced to the public far below the NNW MMIO4IIIII I MIS.
indirect beatific' to manufacturers would be as gee IS OW
direct benefit to the trade and it would also Mg le All as
ployment of more people. The expert trade In MO MS sell
to have been recently falling off; and the
mint there would, of course, be great and
diets. The other reductions were ell carefullyr=l4
and now few article* would 'main under the I
a protective duty. lion. gentlemen opposite had solemnly
affirmed the principle of " unnetrieted competition," and
they could of course offer no opposition to this part of the
financial policy of the present government. (" Hear, bear,"
and Is ighter.) For theme redactions the public must be
content to pay ; and those who world pay income tax fur
the tint time would find an equivalent in the cheaper prices
of soap, of tea, and of beer—(great laughter)—no, not
beer, he meant provisions generally. Perhaps ho-
nourable gentlemen opposite were proud of their pro-.
meal about the malt tax; but, then, they owl. not
flatter themselves that their budget would have err bees
any cheaper. (Laughter and cheers.) With regard to the,
income tax he agreed in much of the view which his right
hon. friend the member for Portsmouth had laken'of it.
(Ironical cheep.) Yes, he was glad that ' there'was a pie-
peet of its al removal. (Ironical cheer.) But he
was alive to the advantages which it bad conferred. It bud
enabled as to carry free trade,.to adopt the principle Of l
unrestricted competition—and It would continue to enable
se to make great strides in the same direction ; lid
when it had due its task, the weapon could be
put back in the armoury from which it had been
taken. (Cheers.) In taking further strides in the spirit
of the • commercial policy of 1846, the government
were entitled to rely on the support of all those who had,
in the early pertof the session, put on record their adherence 1
to the new commercial policy. (Cheers.) He believed'
that the country would sustain the government in their
efforts to accomplish hue further advances; he believed
that the country had passed its almost unanimous approval
on the budget—(cheers and laughter)—and he could not
doubt that when they came to • vote, the House of Com-
=mons would ratify the decision of the people. (Cheers.)
On the motion of Mr. G. H. Moons, the debate war ad-
journed to this day.
The house resumed, and immediately went into Commit-
tee of @apply, when some formal resolutions were passed,
and the house again resumed.
SHERIFFS' COURTS (SCOTLAND) BILL.
On the order of the day for going into committee on this
bill,
, Hr. CRAUFURD said that at that hour (12 o'clock) it
wee too late to discus the measure, and he was anxious to
NM the reoplatjos of which be bad given nettle.: " That,
,kilit *Wei of this ruse, no tarsus of Sheriff Urn
saner will be satisfactory to the country which does net
=en re rind* of abolishing the present system et
dada" He was the more desirous to move Ode
umiak* rbe bad bees informed the ruminant were
going towel top bill to a coesiiitten upstalrs. •
Lord I. 1101FIELL said that the proper time fbr this
resolution wain be when the bill came down in an ap-
proved shape hen the select committee.
After a brief conversation, in the coarse of which Mr.
COWAN complained that Scotch business wits always thrown
over till 12 or 1 o'clock in the morning; and the Loan
ADVOCA.III stated that the bill was approved of by a large
nujor.ty of the people of Scotland; and explathed that his
present proposition was that it should be nhrred to a select
committee to consider its clauses,
The till was referred to a select committee.
COUNTY ELECTIONS POLLS (SCOTLAND) BILL.
This hill was read a third time, and passed after some
etwensgst tedubaildtr. It'ourtiohese Mplekenriace. feorwpoittlinns-
whisk be wart be better effected by the insertion polling
moilz
silisellemer in the North British Atkertiser than in the
t7rstdrMire ' ihllater aders.of the day wire then disposed of.
' 'KUNIO/PAL CORPORATIONS. •
Mr. TIINUILL obtained leave to bring is a bill to
nisei the }c tar of cartels este
Viso municipal corpora-
tions set ialiteiail ht the Yuri_ pat Aet 1836.
IFBIOBTB IN MB BAIN OP BULLION.
t tka Mr. WILSON abtaiaell leaf* te lafelamas bill tee Me'
abject of
A haft th welshes dhe the ages el
whir hee proposed te en
et re SS dos mewl
a.
ass The house them adjoined, at 20 minutes to ere o'clock.
h. • • .

ASYLUM FM IDIOTS..— latterday the annual
meeting of this society took place at the Tooodon Tavern,
Bishopsgate-street. The report stated that the number of
pupils and patients was 198, that of the attendants and ser-
vants 48, which, with tke number to be *looted on this so-
casks, would make a total of 256 persons. The two homes
now held by the trustees for the charity were b,th filled,
but enlargements were nearly completed at Colchester
which wield accommodate 60 or 60 more pupils. The!
beard had given their attention to the erection of the pro-
posed asylum for the suitable and permanent reception of
the idiot and imbecile, and had completed the purchase of
the estate at Fairlswood, nest Itedbill. They had deter-
mined to build for not less than 400 beds. Prince Albert
had promised to lay the first stone on the 16th of June. It
was proposed that 30 gentlemen should lay 100 guineas each
oa the stone, and that 200 ladies should deposit thereon
purses of five guineas and upwards as part of the ceremony.
If, however, on the dee of laying the stone they should
be successful to their highest expectation, they would still re-
quire from 10,00 W. to 16,00 W. to complete their great ob.
ject, and therefore the must IittODDOUI exertieme would be
neoseatry to advance the interests of the institutive. The
business of the day terminated with the result of the annual
election, which wall he found stated is the advertisements.
TUN COMMAND OF VIE WINCMESTER.—The ap-
pointment of Captain Fitzgerald to her Majesty's ship
Winchester, recent by the lamented death of the brave
Captain Look in the Burmese war, is confirmed. Captain
Fitzgerald leaves for India in the Ripon mail steamer on
the 4th of next month.

(I.LERICAL.IIEbICAL. and GENERAL LIFE
ASSURANCE SOCIETY.
VIE BONUSES have been declared; et the last la liseary, 1852,
the mat of £131,123 was added to the Pinkies, ;rodent* a beaus
varying with the ditivest ages Rom 24 to 45 per eel. on the per paid daring the Ave yaws. et tress to gill ISA per out. as
the sum awned.
The mall share of profit divisible In (attire among the sbareboldeni
being now provided for, roe ASSUItED will hereafter drive ell the
benefits obtainable from a mutual ollkie, WITHOUT ANY LIABI-
LITY OR RISK Or PARTNERSHIP.
One half the 111. premium to the Oset Ave yeses may reels on

—INVALID LIVES nay be assorsd at rates proportioned to On

(Taints psiti thirty days after proof of death, end all Policies are
Isethipotehte exert it.rieJOlS of fraud.
The IRAear
yam's (Just printed). aes be obtained trey of
Y.O9.GE H. PINCH &RD, Itaidest Beereist7.
99, Great itoasellatreet, tiloorostray, [nodes.

the erSortoo.

TO CORRESPONDENTS.

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