The Express.
London, England, 1849-07-21 00:00:00

GERMANY.

PRUSSIA.—Our correspondent writes as follows :
BERLIN, JULY 18.
All the Trah/manner chosen yesterday in Berlin up
to one o'clock belong to the conservative party, with
the exception of Professor Eneist and M. Beother,
the butcher, who are both democrats. These are the
results of the elections in 229 out of the 262 sections
of Berlin.

The Czar has left Warsaw for St. Petersburg.
The following important commonica
the (Norm Gazette of the 19th inst. :
BERLIN, JOLT 16.
A new light has been thrown on the affairs of the
Imperial constitution by the revelations which appear
in today's Constitutionelk Zeitung, respecting the
treaty of union which our cabinet has proposed to the
Austrian government. The incorporation of these
two great powers in one confederate state is an im-
possibility; they would always be for reverting to a
lesser confederation of states. It is one of the greatest
and most lasting services of the Frankfort Assembly
to have recognised this truth, and brought it to public
notice in the Gagern programme. The constitutional
act of the 28th of May ruts essentially
on the acknowledgment that only one of these
powers can be incorporated into confederated
Germany. The Olmntz constitution for the countries
subject to the Austrian monarchy has pointed out
this policy as conducive to the interests of that em-
pire. The Prussian government endeavoured, by the
treaties of the 28th of May, to meet the wishes of
Germany. They offer a bass for its constitution as
a confederate state. The treaty of union now offered
for the acceptance of Austria would fully satisfy the
patriotic feeling in favour of an international league
between the German confederation and the Austrian
state, without checking the internal development of
either. It is the programme of our foreign polity.
The future relations of the two stateshave been con-
templated by ourgovernment in this spirit, and with a
chivalrous regard forthe interedsof Austria whichal-
most goes toexoess. The substance of the proposed treaty
of unicm(it isembodied in 16 paragraphs and an intro-
duction) u according to the Constitutionelle Zeitung,
as follows:
"There shall be a perpetual international leaps
between the German confederation and the Austrian
monarchy for the maintenance of internal sad ex-
ternal security of both states. An invasion of the
territay of either, by any foreign power, shall bs
held tole an invasion of both. Austria, as soon es
pears is weitablisbed, would oemequeutly be

appears in

to mouth-west Germany a perpetual bulwark
against any aggressions; the German confedera-
tion would in return contract an obligation
to afford military assistance to Austria in the
event of any attack upon Lombardy or Gal-
licia, by whomsoever that attack might be made
—an obligation not imposed upon the confederate
states of Germany either by the .Act of Cont. deration
of 1815, or the supplementary act of 1820. It would
be, therefore, the Germans who would widen the
range of our duties to Austria by the new arrange-
ment now proposed. In the event of either state
being involved in an aggressive war, it would be re-
quired of it to prove to the other hat the war was
necessary and useful, and only on its succeeding in
this would it be obligatory on the latter to take part
in it. By these agreements an aggregate for©e of
60,000 men would be organised in the centre of Earope,
a force calculated to impress all other states with
respect, yet without appearing dangerous to any
neighbour, because it would be held together only by
the principle of territorial defence. In order, how-
ever, that the intimacy and permanence of this inter-
national league may be rendered apparent to all, in
order that the external affairs of states may be
managed in perfect harmony, it will be requisite that
both states be represented at foreign courts by the.
same ministers, that their diplomatic representations
abroad be common to both. True, each will retain the
power on special occasions to accredit special ministers
and diplomatic agents to foreign powers ; but all such
ministers and agents shall be directed to oommuni-
cate their instructions to the ambassadors who repre-
sent both states, and to keep them informed of the re-
sults of their negotiations.
Measures shall be adopted for the introduction into
both countries, of a common standard of weights and
measures, and fur the min- ilation of the legal tender,
and commercial legislation. The subjects of each
state shall enjoy in the olher, the privileges extended
to the subjects of the most favoured nations. A per-
Waal congress of delegates, from both states, shall
be established at Ratisbonne, to deliberate on their

common concerns. Two members shall be nominated
by Austria, and two by the German confederation.
One of the Austrian delegates shall act as president.
The selection of the locality of this congress is a
great concision to Austria, Bavaria, and South Ger-
many. As international relations, not the internal
relations, of a state are to form the subject of the con-
gress's deliberations, it he obvious that the delegates
must be tied down by instructions, and that they may
be recalled at any time. All differences of opinion
shall be referrable to a court of law, to be agreed upon
on each occasion, as arbiter.
It is obvious that by thiaplan of union Germany not
only imposes on itself new obligations to Austria,
but, with respect to the foreign policy of Austria,
makes concessions in respect of the interference of
popular institutions, which may appear too great to
the Diet of the German Confederation. There is ob-
viously as great a risk for Germany that the union
may involve it in the absolute policy of the east, as
for Austria that it may involve it in the more popular
policy of the west. Nevertheless the Austrian cabi-
net appears not to have been satisfied with this equal
balance of hazards. As yet it has only evaded the
Prussian proposal, without offering any substitute.
AUSTRIA.—The latest intelligence from Vienna
is to July 16.
The emperor set oat yesterday afternoon by the
North Railroad for Bruno, accompanied by the mi-
nisters Schwarzenburg, Bach, and Gynlair, and Gen.
Grunne.

From the army of the south there is news of an
important battle fought at l'erlass, between the troops
under Kniezarin and the Magyars. The latter force
having crossed the Vega canal, was stopped in his
further advance upon Titel by the Czaikist outposts ;
and at last, on the troop. of the reserve coming up,
forced to realm the canal.
The head-quarters of Haynan were, on the lath,
still at Nagy-Igmand. For two days previously the
Hungarian army before Comorn had been still.
Papers from Pesth bring an order of the day by Meg-
rims, who seems really to have been made minister
of war in the place of Georgey, restoring Dembinski
to his command, or rather making Dembinski com-
mander-in-chief. The last despatches received from
Haynau's headquarters at Nagy-Igmand report that
the division of General Moltke has entered Ofen.
The army of Gen. Paskiewitch moved along the left
bank of the Danube from Waitzen. The Russian
line was attacked by the Magyars between Waitzen
and Comorn ; but the latter were driven back to the
fortress. It was expected that Haynau would attack
the Hungarian entrenchments before Comorn yes-
terday. Kossuth on Thursday (12th) was at Illii.
Bzemere, minister of the interior, is said by Lloyd to
have been taken in Buda. . _ .

The communication of liaynau with Paskiewich
through Pesth is now established. It is said that
General Berg is gone from the head-quarters at
Nagy-Igmand, through Pesth, to those of Paskie-
wieh, which is not easily reconcilable with the fact
of General Birg having signed a deal atch of the Bth
of July, from Miskolcz, which is printed in the
Warsaw Gazette. _ _ _

Positive intelligence has been received, rut Con-
stantinople, of the proceedings of the Russians on
their entrance into Frensylvannia. The army, under
General Ludes, took Cronstadt, which had been pur-
posely left undefended by Bem. The Russians, think-
ing to make easy work, then marched on Her-
manatadt, before which city they were met by
Bem, who attacked and beat them. Cart loads
of wounded Russians had arrived at Cronstadt, and
fugitives were coming in in crowds.

and by an erroneous interpretation of that pre-1
poi& The regency cannot believe that Germany will
conclude a definitive peace, on the conditions of the protocol
of the 10th inst. This is impossible so long as a sense of
what is just and honourable exists in Germany. The regency
enjoys the full confidence of the people of Schleswig, in virtue
of its unalterable determination to &alert their rights with all
its power. But even if the regency could adopt any other
line of conduct it would never be that which would lead to
their acquiescence to a declaration that the constitutional
rights attributed by all the princes of Germany, and in par-
ticular by the Ring of Prussia, had no bundation.
The conditions of the armistice, as your Excellency cannot
but see, are in conformity with those of the protocol. If the
latter is incompatible with the rights of the duchies, so must
the former be also. The separation of the duchies, which
have hitherto enjoyed an incorporating political union, they
are boned to declare inadmissible, or, at the least, certain to
bring unspeakable evils upon the country.
The immediate future of the duchies is involved in dark-
ness; but the regency, confident of possessing the affection'
of the people, awaits the development of those events which
must determine its course of actiun, with that tranquillity
which reliance oa a good cause and on the watchful care
of a divine providence for the fats of a loyal people int-
parts.—(Signed)
The Regency of the Schleswig•Hohtein Duchies,
(lotion, July 15, 1849. R2VENTLLII HARBAX.