The Express.
London, England, 1849-04-24 00:00:00

Cite Orpros.

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LONDON, TUESDAY, APRIL 24.
Tire fate of the Navigefon Bill in the House of
Commons is decided: what will be its fate in the
House of Proxies ?
Hitherto the meanie has be.n discussed in an
assembly, where, along with its partisan. and its op-
ponents, there was poem nt a floating balance of ow
with wavering and unsettled optiosna. It was
assailed and de'ended by argument: there was a
ounce of forwarding or obstructing it by reason or
persuasion—at least the decent form of arguing first
and voting afterwards was observed. The bat is now
about to run the gauntlet of an assembly which sots
upon an entirely different principle.
The friends and advtraaries of the Navigation
Bill in the Homo of Lords are preparing for the im-
pending contest, net by mutating their arrays of
acts and arguments, but by canvassing. for proxies.
Lord hTAMLET emote upon throwing it out by the
venni of lords who will not pay to meth respwet
appearances is to licen to what cla be said in ita
• And the promoters of the measure are driven,
by the composition of the House of Lords, to fight
Lord STANLEY at his own weapons. The final vote
of the Lords upon the bill may be settled before it is
introduced into their house—before the debate has be-
gun. The fate cf the measure may be decided by the
votes of men phyaically incapable of hearing what
cm be said for or against it.
The arguments used by the canvassers for proxies
have little refelecrel to tee merits of the bilL The
Doke ot WELLINOTON will shake his oracular head,
and say there is danger in rejecting it—danger to the
excliasive pewees and privileges of the order. Lord
STANLEY, with a bold and defiant air, will say "you
are perfectly safe in throwing out thebilL" The HOUS3
of Lads is a packed jury of protectionists, who would
oppose the repftl of too nange.tion laws, not because
troy themselves have any direct interest in the main-
tenance dnae laws, but because they believe at as
lung as one rag of protection is left to flutter about
the sonationion there is a chance lef. of patching it
with their darlirg monopoly in corn. They do not
sek whether the principle of the b ll is sound or un-
sound : whether it will or will not be conducive to
the general welfare; bat whetuer the people will
tolerate their tinkering this last remaining link of the
chain of protection. Should the Navigation Bill be-
come law curing the present session the country will
have to thank the prudence, not the wisdom or the
virtue, of the house that votes by proxy.
To that haleviz tut: of prudence then must the pro-
moters of the bill appeal.
I he first point to be urged upon the Lords is, that the
old navigation laws ammo: work io barnony with the
new system of free trade. The colonies hive been
deprived of till the sdvaetages,or ateruing advantages,
which the system of reetricaon conferred upon thee.
It is unjust, and will be dangerous, to subject them
mill to the disadvantages of that system. " Unless
the Bt. Lawrence is opt ned," said Sir JAMES
GRAHAM, last night, " the loan of Wide will be
inevitable." This is only one illustration of the hazard
of enforcing the restrictions of the navigation law,
ender a system of trade free in all other respect..
The next point to be urged upon the Lords is the
inspemubility of recurring to the old system of protec-
tive eat monopoly. Free trade has been established
by no revolutionary amp de-main. Before lieselasore
it was. the esoteric doctrine of a sole of of abstract
Welters.. Since the commencement of his labours
it has spread from elms to clear, sappiog and undet-
mining shoat-sighted prejudices, relasiug lit k by'
link the chains of restriction, establishing itself by an
infinity of scarce peretps ibis victories, until it has,
become the creed of the greet industrial majority.
The strugole to upset free trade is an effort t 4 revo-
hitioeise Isadore opinion. The most sanguine who
engage in it must look forward to long
.yeare
of
labour, but all who are c ncersant with hugely me
that it is hopeless.
With the exception cf a few merchants of the
'et wtose fottunes are helmet up with
institutions and mode, of transacting business
which free trade is, one by one, subvert-
sag and destroying, felth in protection is now
000llood to one class—the landlord elate. In • hoses
II tepressatatLT es, of which that class Mien. a NIP
jority, it has been unable to counteract the common
knee of the nation. If, therefore, the House of Lords,
by 'ejecting the Navigation Bill, declares itself the
champion ot old monopoly, it declares itself an mow
bly ot partisans., prepared to sacrifice the interests el
the community to the prejudices of one class. It does
Ws with relation to a measure which vitally affects
the eapitalist and industrial classes. Traders are
Semi t 3 change ; long after the mercenthe body
Mame aware of the folly and mischief of
protection, mnchauts hesitated to support its
*lithe, afraid of immediate consequences. The
mime feeling which withheld them from promoting
five trade will render them averse to a return to pro-
tee ion. By keeping open the gees:ion of free-trade,
the Lords will introdu.e an element of uncertainty
into all mercantile enterprise and speculation. Tots
alone would suffice to render the industrial dames
hostile to them. And the feeling of hoatilay thus
provoked will be aggravated and embittered biotThdes
facts above adverted to—that the 1103sO of
is a home of interested partisans, and that its judg-
ments are formed and pronounced without hearing
either evidence or argument.
Toough not indifferent, we are by no means
anxious about the decision at which the Lords may
an ive. We deprecate reMs'ance to a measure which
the circumracces and opinions if society will compel
the Lords to pass ins few years at farthest, orfacoonot
of the pecuniary lees and angry feelings whisk an
esasettled state of the law is certain to entail on the
community. Bat, to make amends for these evils, we
see clearly that the rejection of the measure will
raise dimusaioni calculated to accelerate many other
equally important reforms. We are convinced that a
few months of a STANLEY ministry would mature
publio opinion on many important questions, more
than years of a PEEL or RUSSELL government. We
do not, however, expect to see the experiment trite,
for we confidently believe that the Lords will peas
the Nlavigation Bill.
King of SAE-
.

THERE was a rumour of the young _ _
nista having shown himself indignant and 'R-
elined to follow his father rather than submit
to the demands of Austria. These demands,
however, politically and territorially, were known
to be moderate. The indemnity demanded by
RADEVKI is very much the contrary. He has in-
sisted on Piedmont paying him no less than eight
millions sterling. Considering the revenues of Pied-
mont, private and public, such a demand is quite
akin to the decrees of the Field Marshal
mul
of the Piedmontese treasin y,.it may
be judged from the fact, that CHARLES ALBRRT de-
nounce. the armistice and opened the camp& go with
scarcely a couple of th aimed pounds in has military
crease. And, as to raising eight millions ate rlirg, no
Piedroontese government could do it. To extract..
such a sum, the Croats must take pws salon of the
country, and plunder its wealth for no ice ineiderable
length of time.
Amidst its terrors and mortification the Sardinian
clurt is of comae anxious to mollify the choler a
RADETSKI, and to fling int the genet), throat of
Austria what sopa it can find or can dispose of. Thus
the court of Piedmont is ready to escrifice its com-
mercial liberty and independence, to make over its
curt Jnis, to unite them in an Italian Zollv, rein, which
Austria proposes to establish in Italy.. Our friends
the Writs hire loudly exulted on A ustiumescendancy
and on Piedmont* se defeat. Yet the plain, the'
natural, the inevitable result, must be a very severe I
blow to English trade—most liberally tr sted and
welcomed hitherto in Tuscany, and Rome, and