The Express.
London, England, 1849-10-11 00:00:00

rG, OCTOBER 11, 1849.

Ithe 4144w00.

OUTGOING MAILE.
The was he British Needs Antrim sad the United
Sham will be mak up Mammy *main, Oct. 12.
The West Lulls Mane. szeludlsg Bermuda, lismase,
mss Nr~st~ i=ries=Naiet ICgiirdatldatiag,-
Ohnl, sad Pau,' be ssed. spas Oat. 17.
TM mat seas kr Lisboa, Bpsia, sad (likelier will be
made mp ma **IV! et Geishas.
The meth he Gibeelaw, Malts, Greece, the balsa Islands,
Egypt, Cellos, Inas. sod Chins. Ma Southampton, will
M made up es the vasesba of Oat. 20.
Tee mills eis Musgbas, to the Mediu/mesa, Egypt,
Crilon, Teals, Hea-Reag, Gs., will be !made up on the
mum* ef NNW M.
The nags kw Madeira, the Brash, sad Bassos Ayres,
will be made up on Nov. 5.

WOE WATER AT LONDON 1131DOIL
Tau Dll—Msesisg, Oh. Ss. ...... Altersoce.lol6 11. i.
Traeraew—liialag,lok. UAL Atimases.lllA ALA

LONDON, THURSDAY, OCTOBER 11.

GOTEENNENT haveret length yielded, and the
Orange magistrates have been dismissed.
We do not wish to qualify the expression of our
contentment with what has thus been done in vindi-
cation of humanity, and in vindication of the law,
by any nice consideration of the causes why it
has so long been delayed, or of the motives whereby
it was finally inspired. Enough has been done to
show the public that even the most conservative sec-
tion of the wings are not insensible to the reiteration
of popular opinion, when sufficiently distinct and
continuous; and to strengthen the hands of the
more liberally and justly minded of those in power,
in their endeavours to detach their party from
unholy alliances, ,andl to save them from the
disgrace and ruin of apostasy from their principles.
We are no whip; but we desire to see all public
ma and recognised parties act up to the creed, what-
ever it be, that they profess. And for whatever
period the foisting administration shall retain the
veins of rule, we wish, for the sake of public morality,
that they should not violate the pledges they gave to
appontios, nor abandon the traditional principles,
sash es they are, with which the name of whig was
mos associated. We know that there are amongst
them some, whose sympathies are not more Austrian
in foreign affairs than they are Orange at home;
men whose whole idea of constitutional government
is to buy and baffle as many opponents as may enable
them to boast from one day to another, that
a majority in parliament acquiesce in their
measures—careless how that majority is held
together, or of what heterogeneous elements it is
composed ; men without a policy and destitute of
the capacity to comprehend a high or national pur-
pose. Bat we are ready also to believe that there are
others of the whip wse irresolution rather than
their will consents to:the sad and suicidal aberrations
into which they are too often dragged ; who in their
hearts approve of a liberal policy both in our inter-
course with foreign natioes and in the administration
of ear domestic and colonial concerns; men who
teethe the brutality and barbarism of oppression
whether in imperial tyranny or sectarian domination.
Ilse people ought to distinguish between these very
different and dissimilar sets of men. There are true
and there are false politicians even among the habilesis
of office; there are well-disposed and there are in-
disposed politicians even among the whip.
No stronger evidence of this dissimilarity of men
and their motives need be; looked for than the diver-
sity of toae in which the same act is defended by dif-
ferent organs of opinion. Thus while every journal
that is hearty or nooere in the cause of popular right
and religious equality offers freely its praises and
congratulations to the Irish government for having
publicly cashiered Lord Bonen and his accomplices
in the hisgheeamayo affray, the Mises, tree to its
rdle, and faithful to its instructions from the Hass-
office, is full of nothing but abject apologies to the
faction whose convicted ringleaders have at hat
been brought to punishment, through the impurtunity
of the national eras of shame. The most pitiful pains
are resorted to by our docile cotemporary to mitigate
the wrath of RODEN. He is bespattered with ludi-
crous compliments, and bedaubed with all the stale
flattery that remained in the pot since the last time
he was wanted to do confidential service. He is held
up to the world " not only as a good but a great man!"
(Was that the reason he was dismissed P) Will
neither goodness, then, nor greatnees, save a man
from the cruelty of the whip ! If be has proved
himself deserving of being thus swotted as par excel-
lence " a good man," what must they be who consent
to make bin a victim P And if he has evinced the
qualities of greatness, what depths of meanness must
they not have sunk to who seek to make a scape-goat
of one of the rarest productions of niggard
nature "in these modern days P" If Lcrd
RODEN has ever been great, it has been
as a great Orangeman, a great opponent of fusion and
union among hie countrymen, a great obstacle in the
way of peaceful progress towards sectarian equality
and universal toleration. For which of these does
the Times celebrate his pre-eminence and condole
with his misfortunes P

a real patriot ;"—only, as
ill luck would have it, he made a mistake in the iden-
tity of the land he loved. How awkward !—and how
ill-natured of the 2lmes who for years has seen him
wasting his noble affection, on a false Ireland, whilst
the true Ireland received nothing but frowns or abuse,
or still more unmanly treatment„—and never once
to utter a syllable of wanting, or try and
wake so " great and good a man" from
his lamentable mistake. It was not generous;
' it was not humane. The great and good earl, it seems,
was devoted to his country. The confidence of his
countrymen was his hope through hfe, and the further-
ance of tt.eir well-being his aim. His consistency hes
been perfect; his self-denial exemplary. He lived
only in Ireland and for Ireland; -Lis sole mistake
being, as we are assured, that it was not the vulgar
country. commonly known as the home of the Celt
that enjoyed the benefit of his presence or engaged his
patriotic care, but another and quite different Ireland,
not one tenth the size, and even in colour as unlike as
can be well imagined.
But of the error there can be no question ; Lore
RODEN bas for half a century believed, and acted on
the belief, that the, Ireland known to history, and the
Irish people known (at least in theory) to the law,
were unto him as slliens, and grangers, if not cue- ,
miss, with whom he bad neither part ner lot, and
from whom, as he himself proclaimed in a public ad-
dress to his people not long ago, it was their duty "to
keep themselves separate and distinct in all things."
To what results this error naturally led the races thus
deliberately and systematically alienated and
arrayed in rivalry against one another, we too
well know. For this " error of a life," the noble
lord is now to bear the penalty of being degraded
from his rank ss a county magistrate, and being de-
clared, in the face of Orangedom, unworthy to be any
longer eatrosted with the lambing duties connected ,
with the preservation of the peace. Then all we can
say is, that if this version of the rearms which lave
induced the goveeaaeut to isffict such a penalty on
"so great and good" a friend of theirs be true, and if
the offence on account of which that penalty has been
inflicted be the mere sentimental blunder alleged, we
are inclined to believe that the parade of 'wive. so'
inediquate, and sentiments so ill suited, to an act of
each severity is calculated to render its performance
profitless, and the object of its severity a mock-
martyr.

Tin revenue returns for the year and quarter
ended yesterday will be found in another column.
They show an increase in every item of ordinary
revenue except excise and the poverty tax (the
decrease on the latter being only 2,2991.) on the year ;
in every item except customs and taxes on the
quarter. The total increase on the year in 235,3711.,
on the quarter 281,3841.; and this, notwithstanding
the sure-aro of the corn duties, the postponement of
the hop duty, and the final stoppage of China money.
The increase in customs on the year is 298,7361.;
the decrease on the quarter, notwithstanding the loss
of the corn duties, only 153,2111. The decrease in ex-
cise on the year is 443,9451., manly owing to the
postponemo at of the hop duties; the increase on the
quarter, 185,0031.
In stamps there is an increase of 125,1081. on the
year, of 224,8031. on the quarter ; in the Post-office
of 88,0001. on the year, of 3,0001. on the quarter. In
the item "repayment of advances," there is an in-
crease of 217,7791. on the year, and 63,6941. on the
quarter.
The variations in the 'returns for the year and
quarter as compared with those for the corresponding
period of last year, though of no great amount, are on

the right aide, and fall of promise. The increase in
the stamps Nitwits &rateably of the briskness of com-
mercial intercourse. The close approach made to
neutralising the quarter's decrees In the customs
resulting from the subtraction of the cern duties, by
the increase upon other imported articles, indicates
the steady promotion of general affluence by the
ressoval of restriotioas ea the trade in food. The
increase in the quarter's excise indicates increased
production in almost all the commodities subjected to
excise duties. Bo far as the revenue can be taken es
an index of the country's economical condition the re-
turns are satisfactory.
The result is loss agreeable when we take the
revenue as an index of the manner in whir* the
pressure of taxation is distributed among icdividuals
and classes. The increase in the stamps is
at the expense of the industrious and trading
classes to the exoneration of the landed.,
aristocracy. The necessity for postponing the
hop-duties in a year of obviously reviving pros-
perity stamps that tax with the character of inexpe-
dient and oppressive. The increase in the excise re-
minds us that the efforts of free-traders have hitheito
been too exclusively directed to the relief of the im-
port trade; that the check imposed by excise duties
on what are or might be made important branches of
the export tradb has yet to be removed. We have art
export trade in beer and distilled spirits, which
might be increased by the removal of the hop and
malt duties; we might have an export trade in
paper, but for the burdens and vexatious restrictions
which the excise imposes on its manufacture.
The feats to which we have adverted remind us
how much has yet to be done in rendering our
system of taxation more national and equi•able—
more fairly proportioned to the means of individual
payers, and less calculated to repress productive in-
dustry The.
narrow verge within which the oscillations of
revenue for the year and quarter have of late years
been confined, also serves to read an important lesson.
With the grave dn'y of preserving intact the na-
tional credit, legislators and ministers may be ex-
cased for feeling timorous when called upon to make
bold changes in the system of taxation, so long as
the national income hovers between deficit and
excess. But so long u no bold changes
are ventured upon, and no extensive reduc-
tions of expenditure are made, the oscilla-
tions in the revenue returns must of necessity
be confined to the alternation of a little more and
little less. Sweeping reductions in the annual expert-
, ditare of the state are therefore the sine guii non of
any measures for affording relief from the pressure
of extreme taxation, and for placing our finances in a
condition that will enable us to look upon such con-
! tingencies is years of famine, or revolution-
, ary movements pervading whole continents,
without misgivings about national bankruptcy.
, The present quarterly returns of the revenue, like so
I many that have preceded them, ought to be a spur to
the activity and perseverance of financial reformers.

WE learn from Constantinople that, although the
Porte persists in refusing the extradition of the Hun-
garian and Polish refugees, it has still refused to re-
move any of them from Widdin, except in the cue
of some French and English subjects, reclaimed by
their respective ambassadors. The liberation of
General GUYON and Messrs. LONOWORTII and MAC-
DONALD, has ben demanded by Sir STRATFORD
CANNING, and these gentlemen will be set free.

KOSSUTH.

(Continued (ran our paper of Tuesday.)

Now the biographer COWS to that crisis in the
political life of Kossuth, to the journalistic action of
the agitator, his most vital element. In the midst of
his political splendour he admitted to confidential
triends, that the leadership of & journal was his pro-
per innate avocation, his element, to which he should
return, as soon as he could leave his political career
with honour. And, in moth, as a journalist Kossuth
stands alone in Hungarian literature, unattained, un-
matched, he takes his place worthily alongside of the
first journalists among any people. The annals
edited by him of the "Pests Hirlap" embrace tie
whole reform of Hungary, and found an indispen-
sable source of reference for every historian of the
last period. As a public document these annals re-
quire neither commentary nor eulogy; they are there
open to the research of all, the imperishable monu-
ment of a noble intellectual aspiration.
The discussion of this point appears to have occa-
sioned some dilemma to Mr. Delta. The opinions of
all the educated in the country from the very rise
of this paper were pronounced too clearly for the
distinguished capabilities of its author, for
any one to be able to battle them openly
and with fair play. But wherever it is possible
the Deltoid author carries to the reactionary leaven
his voluntary, tribute in isolated epithets. Above all
le the undertang is represented as principally a source
of professional existence for Koseuth ; ' then he se-
lected well-paid sub-editors and reporters from the
ranks of the opposition, increased thereby his sup-
porters, sought by inane-wafting brilliant leaders to
control opinion in the comitats, &c. Hereupon it is
said " Wale the influence of this paper masterly
got up in the agitatorial sense rose more and more
every day, the fear of censure from the favourite
journal as well as hie eloquence according with the
Magyar county taste, spiced with warm words, and
big phrases, procured for him a decided preponds r-
anee in the public assemblies of the Path comi.
tat." Later there are allusions to the "ad captandum
revolutionary ideas," to the " tu-gid articles, so
written as to be palatable to the eomitat gentlemen
and the million," to the "means fur rendering sus-
pected " employed in the same, to intrigue and can-
vassing, and the like. Nevertheless, thereslipped from
the pious man in the ardour of his attack invo-
:untary designations, which quite against his
may serve as a sublime apology when coming
from such a mouth. He assures us, for instance, that
Kossuth in his paper " had contrived, by his attacks
on the administrative abuses in the towns and coun-
ties, as likewise on tbe exemption from taxes enjoyed
by the nobility, to appease the anxieties of the
government, by.public decunciations to intimidate
the censors of his paper, by twilling the social im-
portance of the citizens and the promises made to the
peasantry, by defending the poor against the rich, to
gain in short all classes of the population over to his
side and for the reform of the constitu ion to be car-
ried oat by him." What a glorious testimony from a
malignant antagonist!
In this part of his dissection some of the most
essential parts stuck in the pen of the well-meaning
operator. Thus he forgot to add that Kossuth, in
spite of the most watchful censorial oppression, was
yet skilful enough to disseminate instruction among
his countrymen, and plant on the Hungarian soil, as
far as it was passible, the principles and experience
of the deepest thinkers of all nations concerning the
liberty of the press equality before the law, open oral
trial and judicial proceedings,i purification of semina-
ries for education, the removal of all injurious pri-
vileges, abolition of tithes, and of the burthens press-
ing on the peasantry, a freer right of assembling, also
betides the county meetings, a complete municipal
system down even to the smallest districts, a more
liberal national education, a parliamentary settlement
of the frontier duties, the promotion and encourage-
ment of native industry, the founding of polytechnic
institutions, complete equality of all religions, a
re-possible ministry, a parliamentary audit of the
mammal accounts, a national budget, and so on. It
was exactly the reserve. circumspection and modera-
tion imposed upon him as • norm by the con-
trol of the censor that extracted approbation
from the opposition for these articles, but from all
liberally educated persons of every political hue.
It is false that " the government looked quiely on all
these goings on." The influence of the Patti Hirlap
was anythibg but a matter of indifference to it, only
here the ministers could not aptly go to work repres-
sively after having consented even to the employing
of Kossuth, deluded as they had been by false concep-
tions and imaginings. After according him an am-
nesty they had entertained, for instance, well founded
apprehensions that he would embark upon agitation
with redoubled bitterness and exasperation. Upon
this the publisher Landerer petitioned for leave to
print and publish a Hungarian political paper, the
chief editor of which he intended should be Kossitth.
The name excited a shudder among the bureaucrats,
bat Landerer proved that in this manner the dreaded
agitator would be kept within the bounds of the
cent-ship, and he not unsigailleantly hinted that
he hoped by this means to gain him over to the
government. The petition was granted. Kossuth
,accepted, remained true to his principle., ma-