The Express.
London, England, 1849-01-09 00:00:00

IRELAND.

DUBLIN, JAN. O.
The social revolution amongst the gentry coot:ages
!to make way. A great Munster landlord is stagger-
ing under debts contracted forty years ago for a large
country mansion, a church built pro bons publiro, and
a demesne wall several miles lunir. These have re-
mained unsettled to this day. The difficulties of a
liberal peer in the south of Ireland, hitherto supposed
to have been very wealthy, are now freely spoken
of. But it is not alone the landlords who are
breaking down. The failure of a very prudent and
meet respectable merchant in a southern city within
the last few days has caused much surprise, as he was
a member of one of the first commercial families in
Ireland. He was connected with the Irish home
trade, which hasp suffered fearfully of late. The head
of one of oar first firms recently stated that there was
now as much due to him from one county in Ireland,
u was formerly owed to him from one of the four
provinces under the old system of trade.
Within the la,t couple of days the weather has be-
come misty, with more fog and less cold than we had
in the b ginning of the week.
It is expected that the drawing-room on the 25th
' will be well attended, and already our fashionable
'circles are interested about the new presentations, and
the course of gaiety likely to take place in the ap-
proaching Dublin season. At present, however, the
town is exceedingly dull and empty. The gloom of
the times makes society, even in this lighthearted
city, very sombre and depressed in tone. Ala., what
happy times, compared with these, were those days
when O'Connell, astride upon the populace, used to be
telling his laughing audiences that " we were the
most unfortunate people upon the earth ^'
In the country there has been some social gaiety
lately, which in these sad times is quite a novelty.
At rowerecourt thew has been mach juvenile hila-
rity, and under the auspices of the Duke of Devon-
shire there has been a round of public balls at Lis-
more, which, however, have not succeeded very welL
There was an extremely interesting discussion
at the Cork Scientific and Literary Society, last
Thursday evening, when Mr. Colthant, the cele-
brated bog-reclaimer, attended, and explained his
views. I subjoin a report of the discussion.
At a meeting in Longford last week, the mem-
bers for the county attended, and resolutions were
passed to the effect that all descriptions of pro-
perty should be rated for the relief of the poor. If
such meetings take place in other parts of Ireland, the
Chancellor of the Exchequer will appeal to them as
evideo-e of the necessity for an income tax.
One of the questions which on the meeting of par-
liament will be soonest and most vigorously pressed
upon the attention of the legislature, will be the area
of taxation for poor-law rating. The difficult part of
this complicated subject will be to devise a good law
of settlement, suitable to the exceptional state of this
country. Whether government will legislate directly
on this subject appears to be still uncertain, as it is
said there is much discordance of opinion on the point
between certain members of the administration and a
leading controller of the whole poor-law system. The
practical members amongst our representatives are
turning their attention to it, but as yet there is great
crudeness in their views.
The enormous number of juvenile paupers now
maintained in the workhouses is becoming a great
evil. By some persons it is proposed that government
should establish depots in the chief seaports, and
export wholesale to the colonies cargoes of pauper
Irish boys and girls.

The tone of the Young Ireland organs ham under-
gone a sensible change of late. Tae clerical party in
this country have been much alarmed by the results of
ciabbism on the continent, and by the expulsion of
the Pops from Rome.

800 Itscormartow. —At the meeting of the Cork Salien-
t& Society, en Thursday, Mr. C. Celt/met, of Cleo-
ethyl*. J.P., attended to give any explanation that might be
deemed desirable to the eockty in respect to the plan he had
adopted in reclaiming the lands of Milken—Theaseretary
having read dummy of Its. Richard T. Hill, on the recla-
mation el waste lands, In Ireland, Mr. Coltharst aaidthat
nothing would have induced him to come from his tame but
the necessity he saw of Inducing the employment of the
people remuneratively to employers. He had been suosessful
is his endeavours to reclaim waste land. Having suo-
elided and having data to fie on, be wee now ready to
give every explanation in his power. Any person could
do what he had done If he availed himself of common
industry, a little intelligence, and, of course, the riqui•
site capital. If he endeavoured to shoe what he had
dose and what the result, it would be a mere recapitulation
of the essay just real, the great work having been accom-
plished by the profits arising (tom 20 acres which he had
previously reclaimed. These 20 acres were valued under
the Tithe Composition Act at 11,1., when in the posses-
sion of a farmer named John Hely, who was ejteted for non-
payment of rent. That was in 1835; and in 1846 it had
made for him 2,2641. 13s. 24. He trusted it would not be
(apposed that he was egotistical, er that he desired to blow
W own trumpet ; his only anxiety being to impress on the
public mind that industry, skill, and -spited, would ova worth
any obstacles it followed up with energy and spirit. He bad
been working lea wilderness from 1830 to 1848, and the re-
sult had been a profit of 10,0001. ; be expected by 1851 to
make 5,0001. more. Tnis had been done in the middle of the
Milleens, where there was neither house nor herbage. Now,
this showed that much could be done in Ireland if the people
would only aiteanpt it, and he hoped the day wee not far
distant when ad classes: and all creeds would tordially oo-
operate for the benefit of the country, for there waif no 'flee-
ing the matter, this country was at present in a precarious
position. though its fertility was beyond the knowledge of
man. He had waited upon the Lord Lieutenant, and had
detailed to him the Lame of his works, end he rs cc iyed his
Excellency's cordial approbation for the ingenious mode he
had adep:ed of ri claiming bog land, which was certainly
very novel, and which originated with himself. The plan
was the flooding-on the essence of soils, which was extracted
by the water from the alluvial deposits of the country,
over the land he sought to manure. Now he estimated that
the water he ftoo-ed on the land was worth 11, en acre,
which, ea the 2.50 acres reclaimed, was 'qua to 250/. a year.
Therefore, if the water which flowed over the 1.000 three
he held at Ballyvourney could he made worth 1,0001. a year,
see the value of the water which idly flawed through the
lands of Ireland. There was no doubt hut watt r was the
best agent for the improvement of bog. 11 they thorsughly
drained a hog, the summer sun would dry it up end destroy
its properties for vesetatiou, while if bog was allowed to be
saturated in wet weather it would not give vegetable food.
To meet thee* defects he employed water-gates, which ens-
bled him to raise or lower the level of the water in hie
• Juices at pleasure.—Mr. Corbett desired to know how the
farm was situate in respect to limestone ? Mr.
Colrhorst replied that it was ten miles removed from
it. He considered limestone absolutely necessary f.r the
finishing off of bog land, which contained many impurities
that lime removed. He had lately brought tinder the notice
of the public the 10,000 acres of bog from Kilcrea to Incise-
genie, through which limestone was abundant, and which
posseesed ten times the advantages that his property did.—
Mr. F. M. Jennings said that a few months since he was 1*
the neighbourhood of Mr. Colthurst's property, and he could
bear testimony to all that was 'said in reterenre to the im-
provement. He was particularly struck with the fertility of
the Milleens improvement, which exceeded all desiriptioo—
, the plan of improvement being very novel, in proof of which
he perceived the Society of Civil Eagiseers had passed a vote
of thanks to Mr. Colthurst. It was well known that bog stuff
soil gravel and sand to the bog by means of flit:Kling. lie
was good manure, and the plan of Mr. Colthurst brought
never saw in any country greener land than a portion of the
beg where lime was strewn. lie tried the depth of the bog
stuff, and bored to 12 feet without corning at the subsoil.
By systematic flooding Mr. Colthurst had not only drawn
off the bad matter but had infused all that was useful ;
and if the system was carried out extensively, the country
would be peculiarly benefited. In some places bog was re-
claimed by drawing sand and gravel by horses, hut this was
too expensive, and, not being periodically kept up, the hog
fall back to its original waste. This was now effected by
flooding, which was produced without either cost or trouble.
Mr. Colthurst said that many persons, at vast expense,
brought to bog land matter that was injurious; but by his
plan all that was injurious was separated by the operation of
the water much better then by any other process human in-
genuity could devise, and spread over the land the very es-
sence of the aril. The ground got all that was good, and
the canal kept all that was bad, and which was carried elf
by the floods. Every flood brought down top-dressing for
his land, and the friction of the water preventt d the growth
of moss.—Alderman Bowden desired to know if cue stream
course was sufficient to drain a tog?—Mr. Colthurat said he
had one main drain and numerous small open drains. When
irrigation was the object, covered drains were not only use-
less but positively injurious.—Mr. Abel heard farmers say that
continuous irrigation produced few crops and wastsql the sod.
—Mr. C ilthurst did not ate how this could bs. He looked
upon irrigation es the first of all improvements, for this ree-
son, that there was not a pint of water which did not coutain
certain portico., of manure. He admitted that if water we, e
applied to land in a slobbering way it would do mot, injury
than good, but if brought on on a slope of one foot in fifty,
it had sufficient friction to remove all that was injiir:ous to
the land, with sufficient steadiness to deposit all that was
held in solution that was useful to the land. His father
was the gentleman who first introduced irrigation into Mu e-
kerry. A portion of his lawn was irrigatrd is 1800, and
in the course of every succeeding year ho pledged his
honour that it yielded to the average three tons of haw per
acre for the forty-tight years, and got nothing but irriga-
tion. He would mention a curious fact:—he haul in his
demesne a spring of the purest water, which limed
over a portion of the land, and the irrigation of this water
gave much better results than that of the river water.—
Mr. Jennings said there was no doubt that the purest
•pring water rintained very fertilising matter. When they
considered the way in which spring water we formed, they
,e either
forh elth ierom sus
gtene.dti gceroationd d development
or
froin o
rockst
in p'a
a nt
elate
ti.
must be aware of ice carrying away the impuritire of the
land. Water contained immense quantities of inerganic
matter
had seen instances of very rich spring water which bed
c
tele
oit
decompueition, which supplied what the ground required
I r fertility. When • bog wan in a dry state it was utterly
impossible for vegetation to go ten, neither could it when in
a wet state; and, therefore, removing moisture in one sea-
son and supplying it in another enabled plants to draw their
constituents from water and air. They could by constant
cropping make alluvial soils barren, hut Mr. Culthurst by
his plan supplied the land with fresh alluvial soil every
year, and prevented exhaustion. Liebig, in one of his
works pointed out how a very few feet of decomposed rock
spread upon ground preduced inorganic food fee plants, and
that bog produced carbonaceous requisites, all of which were
brought. into use by fl aiding the land. Those who under-
stood the subject regretted the quantity of alluvial matter
removed by floods and taken down the river, to the injury of
the harbour, which, if collected and spread on land, would
give an immense amount of the richest soil for the growth of
the food of animals.—Mr. Bergin said that the plan now
under consideration was a mere adoption of the ancient sys-
tem—the inunda• ions of the Nile. He wished to
know if Mr. Colthurst had ever tried kelp as a
manure for bog mould ?—Mr. Colthurst had never
used anything except lime, water, end ashes.—Mr.
Bergin found kelp on broken grass ground give enor-
mous crops, which showed that vegetable matter acted on
by kelp produced enormously. He used kelp on a piece of
mend at the rate of half a tow to the acre. He wished to
know the expense per acre of keeping the sluices and water-
courses in working order, for if the cost were large it would
be an obstacle to the use of the plan by the farmers in geno-
ral.—Mr. Colthurst said that no rush of water afrect.d the
peat banks, and therefere the only cost was in respect to the
sluice gates, which were perishable. The most expensive
Pest
of these was the metal. Toil, with proper care, would
lest for half a citatory, while the wood would last at least
twenty years. But he looked on these expenses as a mere
bagatelle, the profits were so enormous, for ho had proved
that land which was worth 41. an micro would not be worth
11. by any other process of reclamation. His great stop-
hatch cost 101., and the other two SI. each, making 201 He
could say, after thirty years' experience. any reasonable ex-
pense gone to for irrigation would be mere than repaid.—The
discussion was adjourned to the next meeting,—Abridged
from Cork Constaution.

PROVINCIAL.
LANCASHIRE.
PROPOSED REVIVAL OF THE AGITATION FOR THE
Tux Horne' But..—The recent adverse decisions of the
magistrates in Lancashire, and the consequent general adep-
that of the relay system, by which the adult hands are, in
some instances, compelled to work 12 to 15 hours per day, as
stated by many of them, have led to a proposal to revive the
ten hours' agitation. A meeting of delegates wet held on
Saturday eveuing last at the Woodman's Hut, Great
Ancostaatreet, Manchester, for this purpose; or, in the
words of the notice convening the meeting, t' for the pur-
pose of devising the best means to render the Ten Hours'
Bill effective, and to prevent the adult kande being worked
more than that period per day."—Mr.C.Hindley, M.P., and
other friends, lied been invited, and were present. Mr.
Hindley raid his mind was so impressed with the importance
of the subject upon which they had met, that he should not
waste a moment in introductory remarks. It was important
they should know what they were about ; and he begged
first to direct their attention to the exact posture of
affairs. The history of the factory act was well known;
and it should not be disguised that they had a strong notion
the passing of the act would prevent the unwilling toil of a
great many adults. At the same time it was not expected
that under the late bill the manufaiturers would be abk to
secure such an amount of adult male labour as to be willing
to work no more then ten hours. But what was the result ?
They had a good many adult males employed 14 hours, and
even as many as 15 hours per day. Against this there was
no protection by act of parliament, or.d he would cordially
tell them that if either Lord Ashley, or Mr. Fielden, or him-
self, were to go to the House of Commute and ask it to be
an act to protect adult males in factories they would be
laughed at. They would be told It would be an invasion of
men's rights and they would not be list,med to. He cos}
teased, therAore, that he feared if the presentprosperity is
trade cot,tinutd, the present Ten Hours' Act, instead of at ail
helping !nab, adults, would entail longer hours than, surat...--,
were known bt fore ; because, under tte recent iptigrett
lion of the act by magistrate., it young personsalittre aptstreet
" • •
A • F-4
-,. • :If
A4t .tisVif§.4)

1

to work by relaes, the adults wield hare to be kept over the
whole extent of time "soaked by the two arts of hand&
The alteration sow to be determined, therefore, was to thu-
nder whether they weld not compel a better obeernmes et
the an, such as it woe, far it wee most legruatly viiielml ;
sad whether the male adult& *eke so pressotisa is law,
add set, by seweaos esassat, east s mass to yawed
Ibewesine, end whisk sited & listersalse tbst the ask
seeks et .1 d set wuub were thee lea hews. He believed
lOW of the meters wuuM be wilier te Meek the mills to
Sir law" if sawed ken Ike assysitiss of these who
whited to ren thew 11 see IS hems sod he emaliwisd them
act to Mfg (New leads of the latter se the =pease of the
former. Let thew say_tbat, if an. wester did sat work
16 ham, assebee Avoid wit, sad say this with authority,
sad tabs stops es sabres lR sad they amid be sastessfal.—
lir. Johnson, the seweesey, iba read the following resole-
Mos of the short dee essassittee of Maashestrr :
net we. the oeseseine mthinoolothea . Telford. sad
their rtneifles, la penal IMAM here* declare our
spessand of st or the km Meow wed coat aseneratile
dellifebialiell WPM ransis maid mat sash te made ethetive
~Mr.= maid, If this some the feeling of the great
bed.' of the poop!, of Manhunt, that halitig should be car-
ried into practice; mad, if the saw of the people were in its
favour so decidedly, his volee should be mad in the largest
room in Manchester to say that at the sad of tan hours every
maa should karat his coat and walk oat of the mill. (Loud
chem.) In conclusion, Mr. Hindley observed that the
(pistils should be taken up by the middle elms s • for, the
law of settlement Is.ing altered, they were bound to main-
tain th se whom or, rowork had rendered unable to support
themsrlyrs. He did sot thick a petition to parliament for
en alt. ration in the bill desirable. If. thought that the de-
aisles. recently given were erroneous, and to was decidedly
opposed to relays Several delegates said their constituents
IMO in favour of 10 hours a day.—A delecate observed that
be was glad to witness the dirtermiusuon expresied to hold
what thy bad got, and to improve whit was improvable in
the Tea Hours' Bill. If they dialed in their
odor% it would he Mope.' d forth in the co-
lumns of the &monist that the factory hands had obtained
the set, and espiar r.cing its effects fit a few months, threw
It rep io &must. He would suggest the formation of as
association for the protection of the Ten Home An.
(Chan.) He knew that the universal feeling of the open-
tin, was is favour of the act, sad was prepared to Say that a
large cum'or of the masters wore favourable to it alao. Mr.
Johnston then proposed the establishment forthwith of an
essetistios of factory workers for the protection of the Ten
Mow. Act.—Seconded by kr. Prince and carried 'manila.
=-11r. /feudally moved that the committee for the pro-
of the bill be authorised to convene the ferny
workers f Malieloster fir the purpose of forming such mo-
nsoon—lt was carried unanimoualy and the meeting
terminated.
Purest or BRITISH SHlPS.—Mesers. Tonge, Curry,
and Co., the well-known broken for the sale '.f ships, bar:
just published a review of the sales of ships at Liverpool for
the year just closed. "We find the total number sold
amoont to 145 sail, and the total tontine to 46,282 tons, of
which are British-Suilt, equal to 12,203 toeing.; 19
Outlaw. ((pal to 11,171 tounan ; 31 Br. John's (vial te
12,661 tonnage ; 12 Mira's:chi, equal to 5,461 tonnage ; 33
Prince Edward's Island, equal to 6,397 tonnage. We are
sessihle the prices obtained have, for the most part, been in
favour of the buyers alone, and must have proved unsatisfac•
tory to colonial thipbuildan especially ono have consigned to
our port for sale. Comparatively few new British built ships
have app: and in the market, and the prices obtained
show no improvement upon the prices of 1847.
The unusually depressed state of trade, together
whit the continued apprehension of a repeal of the
stavisation laws, have conspired to produce this re.
malt ; the latter cause has induced many parties to hold
beck who were otherwise desirous of 'senile' freely In
shipping. For well classed Brinek•built vessels retaining a
low years of their first classification, there has been a steady
demand, and fair plaices obtained. Among colonial ships, Bt.
John's and Mirsosichi are in increasing favour. The saw
bee from Quebec Oda year his been larger than usual, and
eons by favourite builders have fetched 61. 61. per too, 0 M.
Of P: ice Edward's Island Troth we hate hula large asp
ply of small craft, amain g from 80 to 220 tons register,
which have been slew of safe, arising from their hae.ng for
the mat parts gnat rise of floor, rendering. them unsuitable
far coasting trade.—Quotations of rrices of ships for
1848: Nee lkitisli•lstillt verde with Baltic outfit, 101. to
161. per ton, O.M. • British-built vessels having two to four
yeara to nth ea the; I, 01. to 101. ditto; lower clauses, 61.
to SI 10s. ditto ' • new Qaebec skim not ir 'foliated or classed,
Si. 154. to 6/ sa. ditto; new 13e. John'., N.B , not iron kneed
or chased. 64 sa. to 81. /is. ditto ; new Plille• Edward's
Island. 41. 10a to 51. 10. i. ditto ; mew Miruatehl, 51. se. to
61.5 e ditto."

ANOTHER DEATH PROM IMPEOFER DOI4EB OF
WaDiCISI• —The Carlisle Journal gives :he folbewing re: I
put of another instance of death induced by the improper :
admioi ;teatime of medicine. The adjourned enlaces war
resuannl in that any ea Mond, y on the body of a child I
SAW ebeJs Chapman. The teether of deceased de
pant :fro her child, the subject of the inquiry, was 13 months
old. D reseed bed been ill two or three weeks; she had •
rough. I sent for Dr. Linton on Friday before her death.
He tangoed ha, and gays me another prescription for
Mae pogrelen, and said I was to give her one every four
hour. ; hall a deem of them. My husband got the peescrip-
tion end brought the pomlen and gave them to me. 1
gave ono powder to the child when my husband brought
it 10, about kelt Ind four oa Friday afternoon, and
eacette..t. about a quarter-put nine that night. I tlioureht
the first made her drowsy. She grew wons ever
after she got 'he first. She roe ad very badly till 12 o'el elt
—mooned and slept, no yomideg. She did cry • little, but
mot so she used to cry. From one she appeared to sleep
onnatently till she died, On the Monday night I Fan her •
tewspoonful of castor oil. She
else, except some magnesia shortly after she was bars.—E.
Chapman said I received a prescription from Mr. Linton ea
the 'Friday alenoon. I took it to Mr. Sowtrby's shop, and
cz.ti Is is diemaa , • young man about 20 years old. He
at it eat told me to call again in 20 minutes. I did
se, awl received the powders from the same young man, and
gave this to my wife. I wis on duty on Friday
night till a little past five on Saturday morning. The
child was than alive bat died about G o'clock. I resolved
the pencripliee back from Ids. That produced Is the MSC
I du not recollect, Nang who It was tor, or the ego en Cie
child. They 414 eat pet that question t me. Nothing
eh-eltiner was aid whether it wee for a growieup person or a
child. All that paean wee he noticed the writing on the
butt, sad 1 said it was Wale 11111401 all that had ben got he-
ton.—Peter Linton, surgeon, Carliale : I saw dammed. She
sieffisend from 'imp!, irritation from teething. She woe nest
a dangerous state. I pupated the prescription produced
I oldered six powders, one envy four hours. The whole
prescription is the **upwind.' on powder. In the Dover's
Powder three is ooe grain of opiam in ten groins of powder.
Ttit eighth of one grain would stake the eightieth part of a
gra:not opium. Ow groin of opium equals shot 19 drops
of laudazume la eight grains of Dover's powder there
would be wetly seven-eighths of • grin of opium—
IG or 17 drops of laudanum. So that, assuming
that eh, prescription bad been read eight grains of
Dovn'o powder, and nut on eighth, and that no child had
tel.-n two powders, the child would take *quid to from 32 to
34 imps of laudanum. To • child of 13 months I would not
fee' j stiff din giving mon than two drops; to so adult two
gr_ins (33 deers) might be given with impunity. I think
the suilleem of the does throughout the powder was anffi-
Ment to show a perm caavenant with the preparation of
medicines that Ore prescription was for a child. I never
mentien the age of a pawn tam prescribiog for. There ia
nut!,ing else in the prescription to allow that it was for •
chi'd. I intended to prescribe one-eighth of Dover's pow-
ders. I, along with Dr. R. Elliott, made an examination
of the body thir.y•three hours after death. I am of
esp:sion that the child has died from an over-
dna of Dune's powders. If the powder contained
sight grains of Dover's powder, and the child took two
of the powders. I think that was sufficient to cause death.—
TZ r, M.D., Carlisle I waisted Mr. I.Mton to make
the t eamioati at. 1 think the child died from taking an
(plate. I have not sees the prescription before. (Reads
it.) It Is for one powder, and six of such nowders to be
made up. I should my It is a proper prescription for a child
13 menthe ; of comet, depending on the state of the child.
The preemptions sre very proper. All the opium is that
preemption is contained la the Dover's powder, and this
weuld be the 80th part of a grain of opium for • Woe, equal
te One quarter drop of laadanuni. I should consider it sufd-
einny legibly written,—George Sim, apprentice with Mr.
Sowerby I was 19 years old in August. Have bum 44
years apprentice with Mr. Sowerby. I have prepared pre-
scription from 'be time I was 11 years there:and prepared
the medicine for IllisabenChapsaa. Unseat' Friday,Deo 22.
1 have not seen it sine. (Produced axed read.)—Witussa:
The Dover's powder is one-eighth now as I read it, but it is
not so distinct as the other. I put iu tight grains of Dover's
powder. I I ore frequently prepared prescriptions contain.
tag es much as ten grains of Lava's powder in one doss ;
generally as one dose ; might be repetition of doses. I ander-
stood when I made it uki that it was for Chapman's wife. I
had made up prescriptions for her before, sad of the very
rase kind of medicine. Nothing was said sato whom Sivas
for. I did not know it was for • child, otherwise I would
not have pea* in so much. I never had any mistake in my
iniptions before.—The jury found • verdict, "that the
child died from an over-dose 4 0 Dover's powder, but that no
Disuse attaches either to Mr. Linton or George Sim. They
smuld recommend that the age of the patient ehau!d always
be :at on the pitecription."
NORTHUMBERLAND.
AY APPABMON ON THE RAIL—The Gateshead
Obserter stets. that one night in the just week • butcher of
Tycemoutb was • undbiete for • legitimate ride from New-
e ads by the north train ; but, findia that he should not
arrive from Shields in time, he took his Maud upon the line,
ai d made an audacious leap for the buffer as the main flew
pa-t. Clinging with a kernel affection to the hold which he
nad gained, and not daring, for some time, to move, he shook
tremulously for mile after mile. Gradually he ventured to
better hie position, until he gained the footboard of the car-
riage, and, rearing himself up, his white, panic-stricken
catrunance presented itself, in contrast to the blackness of
the night, agsonst the glass of the door. The guard started
to his legs, thinking of " Spring-heeled Jack," sad ex-
claimed, at tbei top of his voice, " Where did you drop
from I" Like the mariner in " Joe Miller," to whom, when
he fell bum the mamhted of Cape St. Vincent, the ir.me
question was put by the skipper, our hero amweted, " From
North Shields!" "A long fall," muttered the guardou he
waisted his unexpected passenger hate the carriage, where a
lather explanation to M place ; and the botcher having paid
his fare he we, saucy depoei'ed at Idorpoth.

Ts& BIBUOP attended the anneal
reeving of the Norfolk Archeological Society, which was
held an Thursday let. He said he had to congratulate the
nasetiug re two paints. The first befog that the pr..sent was
the best rehlbitice siece the comatellerletet of the society,

and he hoped it would basses the Water of it' mere-
itt.s. la tire seat plan be had greet pleasure in terrine.
te • feet which would appear from the npvrt, that, umiak. all
the others in the sin and bounty, this leather; was in •
11. 'wishing state. The subscriptions were ineserriag, sea
ibis would be a wares of peat satkretioa to this all. He
hoped this state of skimp weer evatrae. He was sorry to
my this waster the secs with the Mears. whisk be era-
dared en important feature el the sews of Novrials. It was
to is • matter of affliction that the Museum wee set to
well supported as it ought to he. It ought to be cond.
dared r a rusty. Institatieu. sad one which the roan
potter's should supper. It wee att ea affair et
duals, or of the city, bet an effirr etre pablie;• and the
county and evevylr..dy wee interested in it ; not one
bat many subjects were included la the lestitaUou.
Rs wished tide sifted, to be taken op by gentlemen la the
righboerhoed, sad that they would see the importance of
these isstintiess, which he orsidered of national interest,
sad from which such good must result to all, and more
eseeclally to the lower glosses ; they were, therefore, entitled
to all the support that could be give* them. His lordship
did not think so mush interest wee take* la this Museum as
in that at Ipswich. He attended the opening of the Museum
at Ipswich • year ago, sad he attends.' the first aerie every
about six weeks sloes, sad he never saw a better party. Then
were crowded meetings, both in the morning and afteraoon,
and a wall-alerted 4.inner. AU these things were very
eaconreptg iadeed to Ipswich ; whilst the contrast was
diserragier to Norwich. There was mother point be
wished to touch upon. After some kentatios, the bumbler
amass were admitted into this Mreant, and he letlieved
they bad not done any harm. About 16,000, or thereabouts,
had passed through the iastitution in the coarse of the year ,•
but in Ipswich far more interest appeared to be taken, and
instead of 13,000 no less than 63,000 bad gone through it.
'Everybody tie kan interest in it. The gentry tied with each
tether in supporting it, and all ease forward to contribute to
it. And really, as • chisels of Nor. job, he though they
ought to. genttheme( lv.s to support this institution. His
hoped his appeal would go forth to the public ; and that their
Museum would be upheld. He thought they were under
great obligatinas to the town council for brio,: voted 601.,
and he trusted that all the town would contribute to the
support of the institution.

FATAL ACCIDENT TO A FELLOW OF NEW UOL-
LEO!, OXFORD.—On Friday Mr. E. C. Quick., 8.0 L
Second Stuart Fellow of New College, Oxford, died at hie
chambers. Mr. Quick* met with an accident on St.
Thomas's Day, on the Summers.town road. Whilst driving
in hie usual steady manner, he saw a horse in a dog-cart
coming at fall speed, and that the driver had no control over
the animal. He turned hie carriage quite on the outside of
the road to allow the coming vehicle to pass, but by some
means a collision took place, and Mr. Quirks and his servant
as well as the two persons in the dogcart, were thrown out,
Mr. Osijek, was found to be severely injured about the head.
He was removed to his chambers, and, under medical care,
progressed to favourably that a week ago he was allowed to
take an airing in a fly, and consequently th• moat ess.guine
hopes of his complete recovery were lo lied for, until a few
days ago, when a change took place which terminated fatally.
Mr. Quirks was in his 68th year, and had been a fellow of
INew College between 30 and 40 yenta.

CHURCH RATES AT 11iiiiiTr.TL.=A number of dia-
meters having refused to pay these rates in St. Stephen's
pariah, they were summoned before the magistrates on Sa-
turday last, Jan. 8. The fleet case was that of Mr. Thomas
Mathews, of the Him of Mathews, Brothers, printers—Mr.
Burger,own clerk: Mr. Mathews will state to the magis-
trates his reason for refusing to pay a rate to the church-
wardens of St. Stephen's of the sum of Si. 91.—Mr. Mathews :
It is not with me a matter of pounds, shillings, and pence,
bat one of conscience. I deny the right of any man or body
of men to compel me to pay expenses connected with their
mode of worship. It is an infrineement of my right to wor-
ship God as I 'lease. St Stephen's Church stands out in dis-
creditable prominence among the churches of this city by con-
tinuing to enforce these obnoxious rates. Why don' t these men
pay their own expenses They are able to do it if they
wound. lam a dissenter from the establishment. I regard
some of their doctrines as erroneous, and their practices un-
just.—The &Leh: We are not here to express our views on
tho subject; we have the rules of law to guide us—Mr. M.:
The law is suppored to he founded injustice, but this impost
is opposed to truth and justice.—The Marv: We are not
the makers, but the administrators of the law. You must
pay the me —Churchwarden Nash : Why don't you get the
law repealed ?—Me. M : You eau annul this law at once, by
tasking a subscription among yourselves in the parish.—The
Beset: It is no use to go Into that, Mr. Mathews.—
M You call upon me to show cause why I refuse to
pay. I give nay reasons, which, in a prufeasedly Christian
court should have widght.—The Town Clerk : But you must
Ave legal remount—Mr. M.: Very well, I give one. In-
formality iu the public no:ice. (Turning to Churchwarden
Nish.) Are you prepared to prove the notice was on the
church door from the Sunday iambi the day of making the
rate I—Mr. Greville, solicitor to the. vestry : Don't at ewer
that questine.—The Town Clerk: Will you soy you mean to
dispute the rate in the Eccletiaatical Court ? Hsu, you at
once take it out 'lour hand.. Of emirs*, you know es well
es we do all about these mutton. The rate appears to be •
good rate.—Mr. Greville: The rate was made in an open
meeting at which Mr. Mathews was present—Mr.
Of entree I was present, and objected to the rate.
You know how thcss rates ere managed : the
wawa, churchwardens, and a few others get tore-
.h.'r and do the business as quietly as possible.—The
ben:h : It must be paid.—Mr. M.: Th- re is s-rsething else
con acted with these rater I wish to mention. On the last
occasion, good 6 to the Vlll/0 of 61. were seised for a rate of
lls. Sd. They were sold, and then a bill of 9s. was sent
r as still owing to the churchwardens—The Mayor : Well,
I suppose the things did not fit& enough.—The town-
clerk: Mr. Mathews pride a similar complaint list year.—
Or erect to be paid —Messrs. Seaton, Cnapman, Samuel,
Willism, and Alfred Tamer, ware summoned, but did not
t ppm.