The Express.
London, England, 1851-10-21 00:00:00

TO THE EDITOII OF THE TIMES.

Sin,—Tho Times of the 14th inserts the letter of a
correspondent, who on the alleged authority of
another morning paper, says of Kossuth (speaking of
the Zemplin affair), " Thisimmaculate patriot was
guilty of malversation after all." I belong, sir, to
the same county as M. Kossuth, and, without enter-
ing into the details of this calumnious accusation,
declare that he was notoriously acquitted of a gossip-
ing charge abandoned by those who mado it, and
which, as an Hungarian, I indignantly rebut. The
facts are briefly these: M. Kossuth, appointed at a
very early age the trustee of an orphans' charity,
although then as much addicted to the turf as to the
bar, was seen on one occasion to play higher and
more unfortunately than usual. It was reported (at
Austrian instigation) that he had gambled with tho
trust funds, an investigation was called for, but on
preliminary inquiry the fund was found intact, to the
confusion of his accusers.
COUNT LADISLAUS VAY
(of the Comitat of Zemplin).
Southampton, Oct. 16.

GENERAL LYING-IN HOSPITAL, YORK-ROAD.-
The general quarterly meeting of the governors of this in
-
dilution was held yesterday, at the Hospital, in the Yorh.i
road, Lambeth, Thos. S. Cocks, Esq., in the chair. A
series* of resolutions was proposed for the confirmation of
the present meeting, which were adopted at the last quar-
terly meeting, having reference to the steps to be taken by
the house committee upon the avoidance of any office in the
institution. One of these was objected to, and an Nese& ,
meat moved that it should be omitted, but the arnewdansalt ,
was negatived, and the whole of the resolutions were ad-
finned. The receipts for the quarter, including 251. Ai. Mt.,'
the proceeds of a sermon preached by the Arehhidiar of
Canterbury for the charity, amounted to 1,1511. 10s. 9d.

The dian.......nents for the same period were .._ _ . 151. 2d., I article imported produced ..
a sum considerably leis than that expended in the cone- I this country, and an ankle imported from abroad which
(landing quarter of last year. The balance In hand was could not be produced is this country. For example,
9SOI. 151. 7d. Since the beginning of the year 030 women Ihe would take the article of tea. If they took off the
were relieved by the institution, of whom 300 were out- tax upon tea, amounting, he thought, to the sum of
patients, and the remainder bad been admitted into the , 4,000,0001., they conferred on undivided benefit upon the
boepitel. . labourer, without causing a single leaf less t 3 be pro-

ductal in this country for the very valid reason that not a
single leaf was produced in this country. (Hear, hear.) But
if they took the tax off foreign corn its supply would be in-
creased, and the supply of English corn decreased, while,
at the same time, in some instances they decreased the
labourer's wages, and in othirs deprived him of wages alto-
gether. (Rear, hear.) They were told that the labouring
classes of this country were never better off. Ile hel:eyed
that at present they were receiving nearly as high wile,.s as
formerly, and obtained their food cheaper; but this wits an
unnatural state of things, and would not last; for it was im-
possible to diminish the fond from which the lahunier was
paid, and at the same time pay him as high WaV, :tr he
now received. (hear, hear.) In Ireland the erfee:s of
recytd legislation had told in a most deplorable manner;
and she was but the mirror of our fortunes, unless this
policy that had caused the distress were reverstal. (Hear,
hear.) It mattered little whether emigration were owing
to the attraction of America or the repulsion of Ire-
land--the cause wits the same—it was that Ireland was de-
yasual by free trade, while America was flourish:a; under
protection. (Cheers.) Ile feared that from the present
Iluas: of Commons there was hut little chance Molitainiug
a return to protection, or any justice to the land. They
must look solely to the next election. It was in the regis-
tration courts and at the polling booths that they must tight
for the rights of lalxitir in this country, if the question were
to be fought at all. It was to the electors of the country
they must look ; and if they threw their hearts into tho
cause—if they came forward us men determined to assert
their rights—he, lor one, did not fear the restilt. (Ap-
plause.) If the question were put fairly at the next eltetion,,
they might dep. nil upon a moority in favour of protection
to national industry. (Cheers.)
A number of other toasts foilowed.

COUNTY COURT ADVOCACY. TILE
ATTORNEYS AND THE BAR.

Last evening a !fleeting of attorneys was held at
Freemasous Tavern, Great Queetestreet, which h been
convened by the following eilvertisement The Is tr and
letturneys.—lt being very desirable that some (Irritate un-
derstanding and arrangement should be come to upon this
subject, which seriously affects the interests and well being
of all parties, the attorneys of the metropolis are invitee to
attend ii public meeting of the profession, to discus. tend
consider the matter." The meeting was attended by trim
eighty to a hundred attorneys.
The CHAIRMAN (Mr. Clark, of Medford-row) said,
the object of the electing was pretty well expressed
in the advertisement convening the meeting; it was
merely an invitation to the professional rant in the
metropolis to meet and discuss a matter which now agi-
tated the protessiou, that of county court advocacy.
There were numerous complaints in the trelession,
but none were willing to act; they were all going
oa on the let alone principle, which hal brought
them to their present positioa. Had they met nero
frequently and bestirred themselves they weuld net have
been in the unfortunate and degrading peeition they
were now is. After a speech of some h:igth, Mr.
Clark read two extract. front the Lam Tiwes, &ere-
eating the combination of attorney and udrue ite in ear
person, and concluded by saying he had a premsi.
lion to make, which perhaps some geutlemin favourable
to his views would move, " That a committee be (waxed,
consisting of 12 or 25 attorneys of the metropaliv, with
power to add to their number, who shall place thnawlvesin
communication witlt these barristers who are desirous of
iug a metropolitan county court bar,in order to arrange a
of fees and other preliminaries upon which county court
business may be conducted to the advantage of eueuteel and
attorney without alleetiag the suitor."
Mr. LEWIS, of lloewelleesurt, remarked that insteed of
meeting at the Freemasons' Tavern, they miget to be
meeting in a certain hall in Chancery-lane. lie had found
that the Law Institution had always been baeliwardi in
promoting the inti tests of the profession. It appeared to
Rita that the way in which Mr. Clark attempted to get
rid of this knotty p tint would nut enable them to get rid
of it. In the liret place ec denied as a matter of fact that
the evils of the county courts were owing to the presence
of attorney advocates or to attorneys appearing for their
clients. Ile believed that all these evils arase treat ap-
pointing men of no experience and no discretion I, judges
of those courts. Ile thought they ought to adi the Law
Institution to take this matter up. Ile moved a r•-solution
to the effect that the Ltw Institution be requested to in-
terfere, and propose an arrangement between the ettemeys
and the barristers, and that they then call a meeting of at-
torneys on the subject.
Mr. SIIAEN lead he should be happy to second the
motion, but n A with the same motives that hit induced
the last speaker to move it. In his °Oahe* a weed dee. of
abuse had been heeped upon the Law Institution ; it was
very easy to abuse. Ile hail watched that society for three
or tour years, and he believed they had shown a constant
willingness to t the up matters which were for the
interest of the profession. He believed the best course was
to go to the Law Institution, tell them exactly what they
wanted, requ.st them to put themselves in conietunicetion
with their prolessienal brethren, and then leave the working
out of the mutter with them.

Mr. DEVON:MIME .uggeitA as an addition to the
motion that the TVIIIIWtiOII should be to the matiagiog com-
mittee of the Metropolitan and Provincial Law A.,sueMtiett,
as well as to the Law Institution.

Mr. SHAEN &Mahe had not mentioned the Mttrepolitan
and Provincial Law Aieociation, WI he repri mid that
body, being its secretary•. As it was now named, he thought
it r 4 ht to withdraw the ~.tieunding ur the motion.
The motion was then seconded by Mr.

Mr. lIARRISON opposed the zuotiou.
After some discuision,
The motion was put and carried by a majority ; and
on the motion of Mr. liauutsoN, seconded by Me. eItILPS,
a vote of thanks was given to the Chairman, which con-
cluded the hu:siuos.

REPRESENTATION OF NEWCASTLE.—WP (Silt-east&
Chronicle) are autliori,ed to state that, having lxen ap-
plied to by smite of his friends, John Burgoyne Blaekett,
Esq., of Wylniu, has given them to understand that whilst
ho can on no accost appear in oppesition to either of the
sitting members, he is larrectly ready to come forward as a
candidate fur the repremmtation of Newcastle on the
occurrence of a vacancy, if he eon then ho attistied that
such a sten on his part will he acceptable to the great
body of the liberal elector; of this town.
. _

TILE NEW Tows OF Asmonn.—The South-
Eastern Railway Company have erected a new toon at
Ashford—new from h: {tinning to end—Tram the very site
to the latest improvements. This town, when finemed,
will be a second Wolverton, or new Swindon, consisting of
handsome terrace,' of neat and roomy cottage houses, an
open piece of ;eras. land in front of them, sititaitle for a
cricket ground or fur any other purpose of recreation, baths
and wash-houses for the use of the residents, and to cent-
plete all, a gas works is now io course of erection, to supply
the town and the houses with gas. It is also the intention
of the company to erect a new church for the use of the
inhabitants, so that in regarding their temporal welfare,
their spiritual necessities will not go uncared for. New
Ashford, and the extensive railway works adjoining it, an
built upon a piece of land which was a little better than a
waste four years since, at a distance of about one mile from
the centre of the old town.—Rochester Gazette.

ROYAL NAVAL BENEVOLENT SOCIETY.—The usual
quarterly general court of this society was held at the
Thatched House Tavern yesterday, Admiral Sir Welkin
Owen fell in the chair. It was resolved that assistant
surgeons, being ward-ream officers, end naval instructors
should be allowed to become members of the society, and the
amount of subscription to be required front them to be ss.
yearly or 5/. for life. The late Mr. Shaw, of llayswater,
having bequeathed 150/. in Three per Cents. to the witiety
it was determined that a letter of thanks be written to the
ex :cutors of that gentleman. The income of the society
for the past quarter was announced to be 1,7191. 3s. Bd., and
the expenditure 507/. 2s. 4,1., leaving a lialouce of
1,2121. is. 2d. in favour of the society.
SETILEMENT OF TILE GREAT NORTHERN RAILWAY
STKlKE.—Yesterday morning the delegates waited upon
Mr. Jay, to comae to terms respecting the strike, when an
offer was reads by Mr. Jay to pay an extra 11d. a day, which
was refused, and the men left. Shortly after Mr. Jay re-
turned another message to the men, that he would agree to
the terms they proposed ; and the men return to work this
mornin.
LoutigllSOftot:Gll AGRICULTURAL ARSOCIATION.—
The members of this society held their anniversary meet-
ing at Loughborough, on Friday evening last. The chair-
man on the occasion was C. W. Packe, Esq., M.P. for
South Leicestershire. The chairman stated that he dis-

agreed with the opinions put forward of late by Mr.
Disraeli, Sir James Graham, Lord Palmerston, Mr. Palmer,
and Mr. Henley, because they did not "gn the whole
' hog " for protection, which alone he said, could save agri-
culturists. Mr. Bennett, of Cambridge, whose out and out
protectionist views made him notorious, a short time since,
as the tenant of the Duke of Bedfonl, was the next speaker,
and he expressed an opinion that tanners should nut stick
at trifles, and be determined to have their own way, but
get what they could. He did not think they could
get protection under the existing state of things,
but he believed, in common with Mr. Disraeli,
that they must seek for a reduction of taxation.
He congratulated the farmers that on SOW of the
farms in the neighbourhood, there was no game to annoy
them and eat them up. Ile blamed the landlords very
much for staying away from the meeting, pronoiinced their
conduct ta be cruel, and said if it was persisted in it would
alienate middle and higher close!.—Mr. George Kilby
followed in a similar style, and told the meeting that 111/
firm belief wan th it protection would never be restored.—
Mr. Burrows, of ltudditurton, Notts, made a long speech
at the close of the meeting. He called upon the tenants to
grUmble aloud, and not in @ecret. They had been going on
too long depending on their leaders, but now they must
form political opinions of their own. The fault had been
that their leaders had represented the landed interest
instead of their constituents, and while that was the
ease they would never get justice. The tenant fanners of
England must become " a great fact ;" they must boldly speak
their sentiments. They had not done so yet, they wore one
great money-malc;ng machine for landlords:and government,
for they were cultivating their lands with the highest rents
and the highest taxes in the world. He stated boldly before
them, that the landlerds were not suffering as a class, and
they were going on in a way that they would yet regret.
They were killing the geese that laid the golden eggs.
They (the tenants) mast stand by their own order, and they
should ultimately sueceett. They shook' conquer if they
would only believe they could. The tune was ;pile by for
having the play of " Hamlet," with the character of Mosta
left out. Ile would give them as a toast, without any pre-
judice to those who did not succeed—" The Electors of
South Nottinghamshire who did succeed."

REPRESSION OP CRIME.

BIRMINGHAM, Silvans'..
•ho I as So-salons. last pare Mr. M. 1).
At t te.the in •
Hill, Q.C., the Recorder ef this borough, in his charge
1-,.rod nd jury, -telly. red same iusportaut rerorriear. lorhege
geetiatts oa the subjeat of the rep:Liar of
comments
appeared in the daily payebe learned gentleman
rs at and
again
re-
were
were made thereupon. l
(erred to the sal ject iu his charge today. Mr. Hill's
theory is, that all persons who have been convicted, are
living without risible means of support, and who, in the
belie( of witnesses acquainted with their way of life, are
maintaining tnentselve. by crime, as their stated calling,
ought to b., :ailed upon to prove themselves in the enjoy-
cut of soma honest means of subsistence ; that in the ab-
sence of such proof they should be called upon to give se-
curit;es fir their conduct ; and, failing to do so, they should
be committed to prima for a limited period. The following
is the charge delivered to-day
At the Michaelmas Sessions of last year I addressed your
preileceteur.un the repre.sion of crime: confining, however,
my remarks to one branch of that greet subject, sanely, the
propriety of bateau; in restraint known nidefacton, who
cuutil he s'iown on sufficient evidence to pursue crime as a
caltaig, altbough, by their dexterity and geed fortune, they
bad been able to elude the proof of any specific offence.
This charee drew public attention to an extent for which
was not prepared. To those best acquainted with the class
to 1,, h. 1.1 in cheek, and with their manifold inflictions on
sow •tv, I believe 1 miy venture to state that it met with
acceptance; but, basing been handled by men of acute
mends, unguarded from error by practial experience, I
ought not to wonder that a new question, or at all events a 1
ueet.ais newto the -.. critics, would call forth dissent as
well as agreeraeet--il.elent exhibiting itself in a multitude
of ingeue.a. objceteese. If I had foremen that any obeena-
tioue falling from W. could have been deemed worth) of so
much notice, I ne.ght have thought it prudent to offer my
views to the poeilic, under circumstances which would have
enabled me, by treatiug the subject in greater fulness than can
will he dune in a charge, to have answered by anticipation
the objectione vs. kilt Lave been urged against me. My I
reply I intend to give on the present occasion, and, as I
hope, without drawing too much on your patience. No
doubt 1 might have Laken an earlier opportunity of per-
forming
this task ; but I thought it due to the diversity of 1
optimist to which I have adverted to take ample time fur a 1
coueideratitm of what I had submitted to your predecessors,'
in order that, by a careful and (so far as any efforts of mine
could assure it) a taisolid review of all that has heels urged
ou the 'Me side and oa the other, I might either maintain
my poeition or retract my errors, and give at the same time
publicity * the flaunt. which hail led to my change of
opinion. Anil, midlernen, if I know myself, I should not
base felt humiliated by such a retractation. On the contrary,
it would have les ii eatiefactory too me to reflect that the dis-
cussion ohm, li I had originated had proved the fallacy of a
remedy which, having bean plausible enough to mislead
one seen her after truth, might decoy others of more
power awl influence, anti thus lead to its being carried
tub, isetieu l'ide review I hove at length made, and
h ,ve weighed the arguments on both sides. I have also
(Asti, into Inc...net o.lle general facts, which have either
cone tot., exi•teure in the interval, or have been made more
promineut than More; and I am hound to avow myself
cenfirmeil in my urigiud views. Gentlemen, I submitted
to our prederesmrs a speculative opinion and a practical
prp•uel. My sio culatire opinion was, that all persons
pas ii.g without risible means of support, and who, in the
belief of witneee• connected with their way of life, are
maintaining themselves by crime as their stated calling,
ought tie be railed upon to prove themselves in the enjoy-
ment of smile honest means of subsidence ; awl I further
submitted that, in the absence of such proof, they should
be bound to give sureties for guod conduct; and again,
that failing to give satisfaetory security, they should be
committed to prison for a limited period. This was my theory.
Aid it wa. founded on the wellknown fact (which I paws
for ain oneut to state has never yet been controverted) that
each individual of the class of prufessional marauden*
well known, both permually awl by character, to the police
and to hi. neighbour., and MUM be pointed out with per-
fect ease, Erwin this curt I drew the consequence that society
(harm' such ineaosof knowledge within its own reach) was
nut oozy jug itie I, but hound to use it fur the general
protecieni. lio my practical proposal, however, I stopped
abort, and limited the application of my theory to the Cans
of offender. who hail already been convicted. I adopted
this limitation for several reasons; one, that it is slime
well m pmeeeel step by step in an untried coarse, or it •
comparatively untried; another, because cowries.*
criminals Gaon a large' and by far the moat dangerous pees
tines of the predatory class; awl third, because by cos-
viction they have necessarily forfeited the confidence et
society. That they have been guilty men is an ratableshed
fact. while in the nisojority of instances there is neither evi-
dents nor probability of their having abandoned their evil
runes.,. Indeed. how should it he? The administration
of lave proieeols on the principle of retribution. The no-
minal is convicted of a given offence, and has measered out
to him a given length of punishment. It is true that
during his term of confinement we take same step. to re-
form him. which are more or less adapted to attain that
en I. Out his detention is neither in the first instance re-
gulated loy an estimate of the time required for that
peewee, nor is there any power to continue it
1111111 hits reformation is effected. The prisoner is
Ole:tell swath a moral disease, but the prison
cannot he rousidered in the light of a hospital for
its tie.otment without exposing the administration of
criminal justice to ridicule. For what should ee think of
a hospital fur the cure of a malignant and Infectious disease •
(acid wryly no disease Cali Ix more malignant or inure in-
fectious than crime), if the rule of it. governors were to
keep the patient, not until he is cued, but • week, a month,
or a year, ...cording to a principle of regulation quite irre-
spective, of Lie condition at the time of hi. dismissal, and
making it altogether a matter of accident whether he is re-
lieved of hie dietemper, or whether he is sent forth to spread
internat. through the land; As long, then, as punishment
is me asureol out on the retributive principle, so long an in-
dividual once convicted must remain an sheet of just and
unavoidable suspicion ; and the el ess to which he belongs
may 'Town:Ably he selected fur any experiment which the
welfare of the euniaiunity requires to be instituted. To
i 1113.4. who hove made it a topic of observation and inquiry
it is well known that criminals not unfrequently pursue a
.stem of depredation with impunity fur lung periods.
With regard to one man very lately sentenced to trumped-
tatiuie, it has fun pecaliar circumstances occurred to me to
know that his career of crime has extended over sees.
than thirty years, with t a single conviction; and I base
strung reaeous fur believing that his is by no memos •
solitary caw. Almost every newspaper contains seerepess-
graph nursling a critniusi ceploit in which there is • eau-
bitsatiou ul still and beloluess marking out the perpetrator
as experienced in the violation of the law. We often read
of attacks in streets and other frequented thoroughfares, by
ruffians who seem to have taken us their model the Indian
Thug; And their (cab prove them to be as dexterous 23
their master, while in audacity they leave him far behind.
Such outrages as these, gentlemen, are not the acts of tyros
iu villa ay They imply the skill. the contempt of danger,
and the imlifference to the sufferings of their victims, which
training and training slope can give. And here we cannot
shut our sire to the fact that our present system of punish-
Incubi offers great facilities, not to say inducements, to a
traiuing to crime. In order to place this unhappy tendency
is a char light, let me suppoee for a moment that it were
the object of society to defeat the intention of its own laws;
and to strengthen the propensity to crime, in every indi-
vidual in whom such propensity had ever been disclosed,
by the commimion of an offence. Let us compare oar
present mule of proceeding as to criminals with that
which we pursue when our wish is not to deter bat
to stimulate and encourage. And I think you will
observe a wonderful similarity. What is our treat-
ment of oar children in their education ? Do we I
net give them short and easy lessons at first lest they should
lie disgusted with learning at the outset, and so close
their mind., against the lessons of their teachers ? And do
we rut augment their tasks with the growth of their
strength, and in proportion as practice adds to their abi.
lily for mental application ? Do we not, in short, graduate
the rate of their progress according to their powers of ac-
tion roil endurance ? Well, then, let us now consider our
treatment of criminals. When the juvenile offender first
presents himself at the her we give him a slight Ise.
prisonment—just enough to accustom him to short new
rations from his companions, and to dispel the isholeetime
illusion which had made the gaol a place of fear, because it
was a place of mystery. On the nest occasion he remains
longer, but lie has become practised in prison life, and
bears confinement far better than he would have done bet
for his former lemon. This process is repeated Gym
time to time, while the moral which the wretched
creature draws from his alternations of confinement
sad freedom is sot to refrain from offending, but
to commit offences in such a manner as shall
least 'arise him to the risk of detection, and, more.
over, that when at length detected he ought to bear his
Privations with as much of contempt and defiance as he I
ran eemsoled by the prospect of restored free.
=silizhe holm of better fortune in future. Is not this,
•Yr wale' 7 And does it not show that our
treatment et ordelbeten is better calculated to confirm
them In evil doing than to withdraw them tram crime ? It
will be •Imarred that I weak of the gemeral working of our
Fdon. That them lea .any @modems to the rule I am
*balm. No ma aggrociato more hl than
Mm labours of army mom= and many
aided es they are sibs by wah•Miers of both eassol, who
loth oft the criminal, "At as an ostarest to be Ins adds is
=Lred trend. hat n es elder brodars. W bs
.. Irak V by th mist 1411•1111•11 sad
re Mr Is of vdt.dieestod Idadoenvbetlreat as be
noshed. If Man, geollenn, dr g reembe am
well Soooded the member et as atalefaren nen-
* at Imp nest nein much less of surprise Man
erns; but I wadi Saar that we are yet to Impost end.
doable Mahler,- le ilde body. It is well nem Y pie,
ask pens= of sessedes, that duels, Ms Let
Olen the Ins or that great sad gad immii4
this, us. bean • steady program ism=
the kibletere the severity of oar
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