The Express.
London, England, 1849-08-27 00:00:00

ITALY.

ROMAN STATES.—We have received the fol.
lowin loiter from our oorreepondeat :

RO'dE. AvoraT 18.
The external tranquillity v hich at present reigns
over tbis city is twitter a prof of tho politicsl sta-
bility f it. government, nor of the inward aathf.c-
tion if its inhabitants. On tie contrary, nothing

can be more oncettled than the cohditiol;; and th 7,
daricion of the o.'llo-clerical pact, and noth's g more
civentext-d than the oxtail disposition of the public
mind. ennmercial atagnatinn, cusp: mien of cm-
ploymt nt,uncertaiuty with rtspect to the final destiny
uf the pap-r currency, and a wry dieagceeable rer-
ta:Hly with mar ct to the high /pie • of all the r.ecetc-
series as will as the luxuries cf life (Inca', bread,

wine, oil, end every other prM:uct, being now far:
dearer then of d-r the rtpub ham governmev t, even
durin4 the height of the siege), clonbine to render
the ill-humour gereral; nor do the measures edoptml
by those of :he Roman prima who have returned
from their temporary exile appear calculated to sooth
or cotclhate the it of the citizen.. 'the ex-
. .

ample of tho priests has bun str cdy followed by
them wealthy noblis (whose wines prud,,nca and
deli:any forbid mo to Ivrea!), and. a domedic
" council of c suture " has b, en tadablithed in each of

their palaces, by when stern deans all members of
their households with liberal teniencies have been
mere ilesaly turned out of doom.
Them is uo doubt that more extensive modes of
aggravation would be put into practise wets the
French authorities not oppssed to such erbitrary
=ensures (at least when coming from tke prie eta),
and the consequence of this di-sension is that those
suspicious or euspect.d per,one who are thrown into
psis en as victims of eceleeintieel jealousy, are, for the
most put, liberated immediately after by Gonerrl
Roe'olan or the commander-in-eltief. Such, how- I
ever, has not bten the case wieh Meteor Achille. the I
convert to protestantism, whose history I meationei
in a previous letter. The al:pi:melee made in hi,
favour by the British consul has been merely produc-
tive of a charge in his place of confinement, and he
has consequently been transferred from the
dungeons of the Inquisition to those of the
Castle of St. Angelo, a change very little
for the better, as it tarns out. Being a ease of
religious scousation, this was probably not allowed to I
come whine the province of French jurisdiction, bat, I
in prliticil and ordinary effete:lr, the pike. cannot I
exercise the power of binding and loosiog so freely se
they would wish. A French officer is still at the head
of tic police department, and, et til that imp:relent
engine of tyranny and terrorism is given up, no cc-
elesteetic can be raid to have entered fairly into the
rights and prerogatives of temporal tale. Indeed, so
strong is the feelirg upon this paint that M. Ssvelli,
the new minister of the interior, refuses to enter
upon the duties of his office until the supreme corn-
mend of the police *hall be delivered up to him. Thh,
the French regret to state, is impassible, so that the
only medium cowrie remsieing (which I ham tt.e
new mieister appears inclined to adopt) is to take the
portfolio provisionally.
The acts of the ecclesiastical authorities continue
to present a varied aspect—sometimes tyrannical,
sometimes merely injudicious, aid so:nether s abso-
lutely ridiculous. Of this latter class is the decree of ,
the cardinal vicar, direeting the exposition of the
holy sacrament in the principle churches of the city,
and comparing himself to Judas Nlaccebeue, when,
triumphant over his foes, ho metered the temple of
J. rueslem, and purged it from the pinions of the
uerighttons. A measure productive of great future
Injustice and quibblings is that which suspends the
payment of all debts contracted by the state heron
and since the 30th of June, until judgment shall have
been pronounced by a communion named for the
purpose. The resignation, not only of Cardinal
DelleGengs,butrof the:whole trintuvirate,fs still talked
of, but nothirg certain is known. Cardinal Toni is
rural:sing at Alum, and has taken wider his pr.:-
teeing wing the celebrated Abate Itosmini, well-
known by his philoscphic works,and by the new
light (almost amounting to reform) which he Went
over the practice of the catholic religion.
I have very recent intelligence from Gaeta through
a friend, whose high diplomatic situttion end long
residence in that nest of cabals have ellowed him
ample time and opportunity to judge of the real state
of affairs in the papal court. Ala first, with respect
to the health of his holiness, the rumours lately pre-
valent turn out to be quite unfounded, niece my in-
formant, who took levee of toe Pope in a (mice
'audience three days ago, assures me that he is looking
perfectly well, and although some dejection occa-
. sionelly assailed him, he hes byre means lost his usuel
affable and cheerful manner. It must not be imagined
that Plus IX. has been ever allowed to form :a tree
idea of the course of events in Rome, it being the con-
stant aim of those around him to disguise actual fecte,
and to present every occurrence in a modified, not to
say falsified point of view. Indeed he learned more
truth from Oudinot than he had heard for a le: g time.
The greater part of the corps diplomatiguc ana of the
Sacred College have now left Gaeta, and the stay cf
the pope himself will be litaite4 to another fortnight,
as he only waits for the Queen to be sufficiently re-
' covered from her accouchement for him to perform
the ceremony of presenting her Majesty with tee cone;
secreted golden rose, previous to his departure for the
capital of the Neapolitan dominions. This wetly I
jewel is of exquisite workmanship, and is Tallied at
three thousand ecudi. From Naples his holinen will !
, return to Rome, but en what terms we have yet to I
learn.
'1 he Neapolitan army, hitherto stationed in and on
the frontiers of the Roman Statee,basbeen recalled by
order of the king, and another flourishing mid final
hunt of encomiums appears in the papers,
cele-
brating the discipline, valour, and military talent of
the troops and their commanders.
AUGUST W.
Two edicts of great importance are expected to
make their appearance to-morrow, and ate, indeed
stated to be already printed, but the strictest sereny
is enjoined upon the subject, and the printers them-
selves are threatened with imprisonment if they make
any revelations. Oudinot is said to have made the
tarot:gest opposition to the measures in question,
although uselessly, but es exactly the same thine was
said when the value of the baek notes was diminished,
one can t ardly suppose that T',o opposition is sincere;
for how, otherwise, could the cardinals carry any
point actually disagreeable to the commander of
30,000 or 40,000 men in resession of the capital and
a gent part of the state ? The first of these edicts

orders the disbandment of the Roman arm:, the Pope 1
considering that it was eternally disgraced by' 81(11.0#
with the people when the Swiss fired from the
nal, last November, and declaring that his faithtu.
Spaniards will supply the few troops neeeisary for his
temd is r gintenoe of exile and perpe-
tual banishment against the triumviri, the depnttee,
t...e provincial prefects, and, in fact, all the agents of
the late republican government, besides the imme-
diate dismizsal from Rome of all foreigners who have
not been domiciled there for more than five years.
With respect to foreigners, I may mention that 70 or
80 Lombards, who had enlisted amongst the car-
hinerra, on the entry of the French, after having been
kept in uncertainty for more than a month, were die-
missed and sent down to Civita Vecchia two days ago,
in order to be embarke 1 for Genos. The Sardinian
onsul, however, refused to riser their passports, en
the, they temained in the mdicament, and will pre-
bibly be packed ff to Cornea or Algiers.

FRANCE.

PARIS, SUNDAY. 5.30 P.M.

Wl.i'st the Constitutionnel attacks in its columns
morning the aims of Mr. Cobden in themoremmt
of the Pesos Society, the Minister of Foreign Affairs
is performing every politeness that a French minister
and a gentleman cw nif.ord to the uembas of the

,congress.
Lest even'ng a "fir& was given by M. de Totique-
vale, at which 1,300, &Clear, of those interented di-
rectly or iedirectly with the =eminent, were present.
The garden-; were illuminated with variegated lamps,
and the minister himself and his lady nuts-andel in
their endeavours to please their guests.
Teem is little new.: this mottling in the journals.
The Censtitetierinel deities the truth of a proposed
mill/Buy, put forward as imminent by the
Ansemb,ie Nationale, whose wish it evidently lather
to the thought in this muter.
General Cavaignac has arrived in the Pyrerecs,
where Le west for the benefit of his health.
M. Chavin' a mnnicip.i coueealor of Lyons who
tas arrested fur participating in the affair of June
there, has been acquitted.
M. Pessfs seheine for filling tip the deficit is
meeting, as we have said, with great oppositios in
many quarters, and it may be well to state the came
of the eppoition, as expounded by men of sense.
Tease who might not object to an income-tax wire
France in ano'her than an abnormal state, co an tow
en the ground that the levying of it wouid plate a
formidable weapon in the hands of the socialists, who,
if they should chance, at any given pericd, to obtain
power, would avail -hemielres of the catlastri,(r table
of untune, on which the tax must be founded, to fall
upon the riches in the proportion of their wealth. A
tax on the rich has, at all mars, been most desired be
the Mira-democrats, and the fears enter,ained lest the
exant amount of the private fortunes of each indivi-
dual in France should fill into their hands, leads to
alarm. There is perhaps more weight in
the opptisitien offered to the income tax on thin ground
than on any other that may be adduced, suds as, for
instarce, that the tax will fall heavily on the labour-
ing clarions that it is not to commence so here, and
that the difficulties of raising it are imports-hie to sur-
menet. The Patrie has been proposing to renew the
snit tax. It now sumests in additinu the wisdom of
inking off many of the restrictions that weigh on the
import of foreign produce in order that the external
commerce of the country my be developed and in-
cr. ascii. A stip like this would be one in the right
direction, but France is yet evidently far from the
time when free trade will become the law of the land.