The Express.
London, England, 1862-11-18 00:00:00

LATEST INTELLIGEIDOX.

FRANCE AND ROME.

THE CIRCULAR OF hi DROUYN DHlifil.
The full text of the important circuks addressed
by the new foreign minister of France, on the 20th
ult., to the cabinet of Turin, has been published.
The first half consists of a recapitulation of the
principal occurrences, diplomatic and otherwise,
connected with the occupation of. Rome during the
last 14 years. The concluding and more impor-
tant portion is as follows :
The Emperor has taken upon himself to explain in a letter
recently inserted in the Moniteur the principles which
guide his policy, and to demonstrate to Italy as well as to
the Holy See tke aim to be attained and the means to
attain it. From the mordent that the Emperor thus in-
dicated the difficulties of the task and the conditions of
success his government has not ceased to renew his attempts
to reconcile men's minds and to restore to troubled con-
sciences and suffering interests peace and security. The
results have not, unfortunately, up to the present time,
responded to his wishes ; but if we have to regret on one
side the persistence with which the court of Rome has
refused to seek with us for bases on which to effect an
acceptable transaction, important events, which I cannot
pass over in silence, have happened on the other side to
confirm its resistance, and, by authorising tits doubts,
place the government of the Emperor in new difficulties.
General Garibaldi, substituting his individual initiative for
the regular action of the public powers, organised an expe-
dition notoriously directed against us and claiming with arms
in his hands the possession of Rome, placed under the safe-
guard of our flag. The government of the King, I hasten
to acknowledge it, with a resolution and energy to which it
is only just to do honour, and which demonstrated his
loyalty, happily suppressed that attempt. Its conception
alone, and the commencement of its execution which fol-
lowed, revealed, however, in Italy a situation troubled by

the fermentation of anarchical purloin. At the same time,
in a great neighbouring country tumultuous manifestations
were organised of which the avowed object was to affect
the resolutions of the government of the imperor. If it
appears to me superfluous to recall the fact that the flag
of France never retires before any menace, I be-
lieve I have no need either to claim for the policy
of my country the most entire independence from all exte-
rior pressure. Nevertheless, sir, these facts which I can-
' not pass over in absolute silence, would not have stopped
the government of the Emperor in its persevering
efforts to arrive at the conciliation of the two great in-
terests io Italy, which are the objects of his constant solici-
tude, if the official communication which was made to us
in the circular of General Durando, on the 10th of last
month, and the publication which that document received,
had not, for the moment, destroyed the hope that we wished
to found on the disposition of the Italian government to
effect the transaction which we wish to bring to bear.
In effect, after having referred to the suppression of
the attempt of Garibaldi. General Durando appro-
priates it in his programme, and asserting the
right of Italy over Rome claims in the name of his
government the delivery of that capital and the dispos-
session of the Holy Father. In presence of this solemn
assertion and this peremptory revindiceition, all discussion
appears to me useless, and all attempts at an accommoda-
tion illusory. I state it with sincere regret, the Italian
government, by its absolute declarations which I have
just recalled to mind, is placed on ground oo which
the permanent and traditional interests of France, not
lean than the actual exigencies of her policy, interdict us
from following. Ido justice to the friendly and moderate
form of the communication which bas been made to me
in the last place by the Minister of Italy, but I in vain
search therein for the elements of a negotiation to which
we can lend ourselves. According to our view this negotia-
tion can only have for object to conciliate two interests
which recommend themselves to our solicitude by different
titles, both equally respectable for us, and we should not
know how to sacrifice the one to the other. The Italian
government knows, besides, that it will always find us dis-
posed to examine with deference and sympathy all the com-
binations which it may suggest to us, and which would
appear of a nature to accomplish the object which wisdom,
we would hope, will at last aid us to attain.