The Express.
London, England, 1851-06-30 00:00:00

autumn, the wheat has grown
regularity. Though the winter
usual, the wheat plant did not
as is frequently the
.case in
contrary, in the spring, and
very backward, and some of the r.
has been attributed to apprehensions
which is seldom a productive one
the weather has been singularly
moting the growth of wheat,
fall of rain having been almost amt.._
ately succeeded by very hot sunshine with
warm nights. The improvement which, in conse-
quence, has taken place in the rowing wheat crops
has been, during the last fortnight, greater than we
ever recollect to have witnessed within a similar space
of time. Should the same hot Ihreing weather pre-
vail during July, it is probable that the Wend will
not be by any means a late one. In Lot and Sus-
sex, where there has been very little rails compared
with that which has fallen in the &Ariel, north and
west of London, the wheat has undergone great im-
provement, but not, we think, so much as elsewhere.
In the small and heavily timbered fields of the Weald
district, and where the farming is anything but
Set-rate, the wheat crops look somewhat short
and meagre. Barley, and oats, have also been
rally benefited by the recent rains, and where
the land is in moderately good condition, there is
every reason to expect good crops of these grains.
In the North of England and in Scotland the ac-
counts of the turnip plant are also very favourable,
and the rain fell in the South very opportunely to
produce roots. Grass, both natural and artificial, is
generally rather scanty, but there is every appear-
ance of a more vigorous after growth.
Upon the whole, therefore, it may be said that
the farmers' prospects, as dependent on the season,
are good; while the advance which has taken pins
in prices will tend to allay that feeling of irritation
to which low prices have rendered them liable.,
Indeed, when their political "friends," the protec-
thenists, are no longer able to keep that " raw"
open, when the corn growers of this country
shall have accommodated themselves, as they are
gradually doing, to natural prices for the productions
of their farms, we shall soon cease to hear any mare
about agricultural distress, than we do about tempo-
rary or partial inconveniences other traders may suf-
fer from not obtaining quite as good prices for their
commodities as they may have hoped or expected.
Ne verthelees, the trials the agricultural in terests.have
lately gone through, though by no means so severe
ar often represented, have been productive of new
energy and self-reliance. For instance, in Yorkshire,
there was lately a meeting of farmers at Catterick to
present a testimonial to ono of their body, for his
services in introducing into the district all the best
sew agricultural implements of the day. And that,
tpa, he a locality where there are not a few of this
in of the Lancashire husbandman, who, accord-
Into Lead Srats tEv,objected to iron ploughs," because
Soy breed weeds." So in Norfolk, at the meeting
afthe County Agricultural Association, landlords and
tenants agreed in asserting that success in farming
mild only be attained by skill, the use of the best
implements, and the best stock, and through the
agency of long leases. And again we find the
Suffolk farmers, at fitowmarket, after expressing a
decided opinion as to the utter uselessness of agitat-
ing for the re-imposition of protection, agreeing to
form an association to enforce the exercise of the
strictest economy in all public expenses, local and
general, to which the farmer is liable. They have
formed themselves into an agricultural relief society,
with a new to obtain, first, a repeal of the malt-tax ;
secondly, an alteration of the present tithe system ;
thirdly, an equitable measure of tenant right [they
had better go for leases] ; fourthly, a revision of the
mob of managing the county expenditure; fifthly,
the abolition of the game laws; and, sixthly, the
removal of restrictions on the growth of cacheable
articles.
Now, though the society may not do much to work
out the accomplishment of any of these objects, it is
something to see the farmers associating together
and acting for themselves, and by themselves, in fur-
therance of their own views and interests without
being made the mere puppets of their landlords.
This is an important step towards raising the politi-
cal and social status of the industrious capitalists en-
in husbandry. Let the farmers, as the Suffolk
at Stowmarket propose to do, promote the
objects of the Parliamentary and Financial Reform
Association, in the certainty of receiving from the
town population their aid in obtaining " fair and un-
exclusive justice," and it will be soon found the com-
bined force of all our industrious interests will break
down the resistance to useful changes which our
landed classes have hitherto so successfully offered.

great atail t and this is precisely the point upon
which the speech is weaken, for tie errors are innu-
merable, sad easily exposed. It is emir to impose by
audathosn mintatensmits upon a Bemis, tibias pith&
steeled with specialities, who oast faith*
the Action. To hear M. Win talk Orin= I
swamped by Australian weal ef asthate.=
free trade as a disastrous expedient; ot
being a glaring example of a emir' Weirdos&
by liberty of commerce; of Seville (a city whisks:nose
exported a bushel of corn) hemming a series. seethe.
of alarm for French corn growme ; of the interest of
the French wine growers in protective, of which
they all complain as their nun; of the superiority
of Montesquien to Adam Smith as an economist; of
printed cloths being subjected to a duty of 10 per
cent. in England ; of the assessed taxes in England
onlyamounting to four millions sterling ; of Marseilles
and Toulon not being able, if the coal duty were med-
dled with, to get, in war time, any coal but
at 7fr. 30e. the hectolitre-1 say that to hear them
and infinite other incredibly gross misstatements
from the mouth of M. Thiers, delivered with incom-
parable assurance, it is impossible not to see that the
technical part of his speech was so much dust thrown
into the eyes of the people.
At the close of yesterday's sitting, M. Thieve veer
to reply to some remarks of M. St. Bean. He aid
i there was no more puerile error than to suppose that
political and commercial freedom went hand-in-hand
together. lie saw that the sense of Montesquieu,
who said that the freest people were the least liberal
'in commercial matters, was not appreciated. Yet no
assertion was more just. Look at America; was she
not covered with tariffs, to which fresh additions
were continually making. It would not be contested
that the price of corn would be lowered by abo-
lishing the duty. (Exclamations of denial on the
Left.) Oh! the price would not be lowered! In that
case there was no use in abolishing the duty.
(Laughter and cheers.) A tariff of 20 per cent.
would be quite insufficient, when values altered with
such extraordinary rapidity. In 1848 the French
had been obliged to get rid of their cottons at 40, 50,
00 per cent. loss. Tariffs were made, not for ordinary
times merely, but for crises; they were also made to
compensate the inequalities of geography and other
differences between countries so =hie as France
and England. Europe fancied that because Franco
was so revolutionary a country she was little skilled
in matters of industry. On the contrary, France
was shrewder than her neighbours, and had suffered
fewer commercial crises, because she was not, like
those neighbours, stimulated into a fever of over-
production, which was followed by depressions and
limes of 70 per cent. in the sale of manufactured
Cs:Tariffs were made for preventing such evils.
11nd had sacrificed silks of the first quality, in
which she could not vie with France, and protected
common silks by a duty of 15 per cent., which nee
somehow in many instances to 20 and 23 per
cent. Russia also made silks, and cheaper
than they were made in France. What distinguished
French manufactures, was the grace and elegance of
the pattern, the perfection of the execution. The
labours of those ingenious designers who toiled in
obscurity, were the glory of France. M. Benjamin
Respell here reminded M. Thiers that to such he had
applied the phrase " vile multitude." M. Thiers,
seeming stung by the interruption, said that he had
done his best to avoid giving a political colour to this
debate, but could not decline the opportunity to
explain an expression of which so much use had been
made unfairly against him. No; he applied that
=premien not to ingenious artists, but to those who
nand such from their work. The vile multitude
had frightened away those good workmen to the
ateliers of London, Petersburg, and Vienna; and if
foreign countries were now advancing towards com-
petition with France, it was due to the terror eau.-
dud by the mob upon the good workman. (Cheers.)
M. Pelletier demanded to speak, and made semis et
the tribune, whence he was repelled by the Pre-
sident, and ordered to be silent. M. Thiers
said that in the course of a few days they would have
enough of political discussion in a deplorable arena,
which never would have been opened if his advice
had been followed. (Prolonged sensation.) The
perfection of French goods had been the reason why
their exports had doubled, while those of England
had not doubled. So long as France remained at
the head of civilised countries this advantage she
would retain ; but she would lose it by accepting the 1
theories proposed. M. St. Beuve had invoked the
example of Switzerland. That country was admi-
rably situated no doubt for freedom of trade ; yet
that freedom had only let to it the printing of cer-
tain stuffs. Silks, muslins, embroidery, watches,
end a few machines were all that remained. There
was no more conclusive example against free trade.
He implored the Assembly not to dream of entering
upon a commercial policy which would ruin the
spinning manufactures, the tissues, the printed stuffs
of France. Although M. St. Bowe had objected to
being chameterieed as a young man, M. Thaws suet
repeat that he had reasoned like a young man in
qualifying as he had done a system to which England
owed her prosperity, and to which two young na-
tions, Russia and America, were owing their pro-
greu.
The Club of the Rue des Pyramides held • meet-
ing on Friday night to consider the course le be
adopted in the debute on revision. M. lie Bei&
and M. Dc Montalembert explained that by the new
form of the motion, implying a wish for total revision,
was meant that the electors and the constituent
might exert their full sovereignty without limitation.
The meeting accepted the new form of the motion,
and engaged several members to speak in the debate.
Among those who consented were MM. De Broglie,
Dc Montalembert, Coquerel, De Ooulard, and Lesti-
bondois.
An evening paper publishes a manifesto of Mazaini
and Ledru Rollin to the Wallachian population.
The central electoral committee of the Haute-
Vienne, composed of delegates of all the cantons at
the department, decided in a meeting held at Limoges
on the 20th inst., that the candidate of all shades of
the party of order should be M. Eugene Bataille.
The party of the Mountain have declared their inten
tion to abstain from voting.
The frequency of duels has induced the govern-
ment to address a circular to the procureur-general
to pursue with the severest justice all persons impli-
cated in affairs of honour on which the law can take
hold.
Mr. J. Randal, envoy of the United States to St.
Petersburg, has arrived in Paris.

Asßox, Sines /S.
which I mentioned in
supposed to have
.e ICOth of dissension
...lit ministers, in order that
Cibralistic aid, this having
" of contrary politics
possibly select from
of government but

Ms s,--
I in former letters that the Cabralites rested
di '. of foreign intervention upon inducing the
Septembrietaa wished to dethrone the Queen
•7 kr a republic ; this, too, having failed, a plot has
up of no trifling a nature, which must also be laid
"f broad shoulders of that dious party ;itis no less
a to reuse the belief that the attempt at forming
sea Republic will immediately take place. The
, now the combined Cabralista organ, introduces
to the world by the publication of certain papers
socialist tenor I shall not load your columns,
amide was transmitted to them by • friend from
eel of which it says, " There ie note more lament-
ing!, of how much the labour in the Peninsula to carry
ihta of Maszini against religion, the throne, anu
iftflpissat organisation of society."
The belief is endeavoured to be inculcated, that the docu-
ments were sent from Seville to Evora, from the latter place
la Mow, the grand focus of Cabralista intrigue, and from
thews they found their way to Lisbon. The correspondent
el 111. Estandarge says he has seen may copies. This is
doubted; but under what circumstances he has seen
ruo
is another thing. They wish it to be believed that
in Spain, and Saldanha in Portugal, are the two
heads of the embryo republican party.
Scree has been published, stating that as the time
didlisary for carrying into effect the process relative to the
of deputies, mentioned in • simultaneous decree
of the 18th, for regulating the elections, and whisk
l
met yet published), the meeting of the Cortes is pose-
r.' to the 15th of November. The decree in question
wiry volumMous, and will be published by piecemeal.
"hi American frigate did not salute the French flag es
ht arrival in the Tagus ; a misunderstanding between the
tesh to on the subject of the islands in the
la the alleged cause.
chief command of the militia battalions, held by the
Miesepsis of Fronteira, with his staff, is abolished.
RR R. Pakenham had his first audience of the Queen on
ilse nth, at a private court at Necessidadee, which was M-
issed by the Cardinal Patriarch, the principal officers of
the royal household, the gentlemen of the chamber, the
Ministers and Councillors of State, the Honorary Ministers
of State, and many others. On delivering his credentials,
Sir Richard made the following speech in French—
" I have the honour to deposit in your Majesty's hands,
the letters by which the Queen, my august sovereign, has
deigridd to accredit me Envoy Extraordinary and Minister
Plenipotentiary at your Majesty's court. In the discharge
of a commission so honourable to me, I should fail in my
first duty were I not to express to your Majesty the great
interest which the Queen takes in all that relates to the
personal happiness of your Majesty and of your royal con-
sort, and for the prosperity of your dominions. The ties
which have for so long a time united the kingdoms of
Portugal and Great Britain have produced the best har-
mony and the most amicable understanding between the
two crowns. I shall consider myself happy, madsme, if by
my humble efforts I shall be able to contribute to the main-
tenance of those happy relations, and fulfilling this mission
I presume to reckon upon the benevolent confidence of your
Majesty, and upon the frank co-operation of the ministers
of your crown."
Ilex Majesty replied, also in French, as follows:
" I receive with extreme pleasure, with the letters which
accredit you envoy extraordinary and minister plenipoten-
tiary of your august sovereign near my person, the assur-
ances of the sentiments which animate her Majesty towards
me and the king, my august consort, se well as the wishes for
the happiness of the people confided to my government. I I i ghly
sensible of such evident proof'sof the lively interest which
I occasion her, and of the desire to draw closer those tics of
friendship which so happily subsist between our two crowns
I request you will assure your benevolent sovereign that i
shall not cease to employ all my efforts to meet such a
desire. As to what respects you, Senor Minister, it pleases
me to assure you that the noble qualities with which you
are endowed, the zeal and talents of which you have given
proof in the service of your country, must be to you a solid
guarantee of my benevolence, and of the value in which I
held the choice which her Britannic Majesty has deigned to
make of you as her representatiee at my court."
A vessel having the appearance of being built for slaving,
described as the Palhabot Aguia, sailed for Bahia un the
18th, with • crew of ten persons.
A Spanish corvette, of 18 guns, entered the Tagus in the
yening of the 21st.
The balance that remained in the treasury on the 7th,
and the amount received in the week ending the 14th,
amounted to 11.5,519,919 rein, and the payments to
108,462,274 reis, leaving a balance in the treasury of
37,057,675 eels

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with s=l b: '. • • Tre.:ehile ' !l. PORTUGAL. -..e.
erbeverz ° ;
than, 4 e "bees are sant* esesysl .
to which . either nor else.*ll7 correspondent writes u follows: ' ' • .
mild wintierfeusthe rental/Vass orbit prospect of thew ap i. 7 . LISBON, :inn 10.
[ until recently, it was merely exercise the public mind for eco- Tim, premmed change of ministry, which I mentioned in A
he recent rise of price comical questions theoretically. Still the advocacy rag last, turns out to have been a report, supposed to have shit
maims of a late harvest, of such doctrines by the Mats is a sigh that the got up by the Cabratists to sow the seeds of dissension fro,
one. Of late, however, most intelligent part of the bourreitie iagetling gut. the suppersta of the present ministers, in order that ,
kir suitable far pro. dually Imbed therewith. tbe driven to seek Cabralistie aid, this haring "'"
Erteswieree begins to load all of contrary polities the
wheat, a considerable The speeehl of M. Mere was Tole. effective in the ' every opprobrious name he could possibly select from pan
ten elmoet . immedi- Assembly than it will be oat of doors.. It affects !be and attaeks every system of government but ter
'