The Express.
London, England, 1849-10-24 00:00:00

SPAIN.

A letter from Madrid of the 18th ult. states it was
believed that at the approaching session of the Cortes
there will be no royal sitting nor speech from the
throne. This is said to have been resolved on in order
to avoid the neeemity of making any allusion to the
relations between Spain and England. The Spanish
government, it is added, is very anxious to see these
relations renewed.

MADarD. Ocr. 111.—Three piroests, 21 pow; nor per
Cesta, Pallf Kive Per C"^., 00q003•04 PaPtri
Boa des. nrmiss, li; ilzahaar as . le

PRUSSIA.—Our correspondent writes as follows :
BER, Oar. 21.
The ordinance issued by the ministeLrlN of commerce
for the regulation of trade-corporations was passed
yesterday by the Second Chamber, without any essen-
tial alteration. This piece of ministerial legislation
has contributed much to increase the irritation felt by I
the working classes. It was framed on the eve of the
elections for the Second Chamber to curry favour with
the tradesmen, with whom it m popular in proportion
to the aversion with which its galling restric-
tions are regarded by the work-people. It
obliges every handicraftsman to be enrolled in
a guild ; but before he can obtain this privilege,
he is examined in the branch of industry which
he professes by inspectors appointed for this
purpose. He is also obliged to frame a muter-
piece or pattern of his skill. On this it is gravely
remarked, in the 42nd page of the printed report, that
barbers must be excepted from this condition, china
upon which to operate not being always at hand. It
is mentioned incidentally that in many parts of Prussia
shaving is pertormed by females. Having once
adopted his craft the workman must stick to it. As
an objection to this rale it has been urged that at
different seasons the same class of persons adopt dif-
ferent means of gaining their livelihood. Ilk hen the
canals are
,trozen, tor instance, a great number of
the --Tetrkeesen ate to baket.making. Tae
guild of basket-makers can now, by Von der
Ileydt's law, prevent the winter eucrcachment
of the bargemen upon their domain of toil..
It is minutely laid down what articles a carpenter may
be allowed to make, end to what &joiner must confine
himself. The first is not permitted to try his hand at
a table or chair, or the second at a floor or roof. No
one can set himself up in a town as a handicraftsman
in any line without the permission of the guild em-
bracing his trade. This regulation will act very in-
juriously against foreigners, whom native jealousy
would naturally exclude. It will also prevent the
introduction of improved foreign methods, and set
aside ircentives to melioration. In this city the only
tolerable hats are made by more hatters from Paris,
who settle d here, and have made a pretty fortune out
of their superior silk naps. The transplantation of
such branches of industry for the future will
be difficult. Another regulation allows a guild to
exclude the competition of other towns. The poor
people here wear boots, which are made at a town
some German miles off, called Kalau, and sold for
half the price for which articles of the same degree of
merit manufactured in Berlin can be bought. Kalau
will now lore its prosperity, and the humble dames
be obliged to wear but and dear boots. In fact, the
whole law is based upon the narrowest principles of
protection, meddling with the freedom of the sidemen,
prescribing petty rerrictions, and giving unlimited
power to the masters, who will compose the councils
of these guilds. This is felt the more severely, as
Prussia, since leo7, has enjoyed a very liberal system
of industrial regulations. The effect of Vun der
Heydt's law will be to swell the tide of emigration,
which has, under the benignant sway of the Branden-
burg-Manteuffel ministry, reached a pitch which goes
far to verify the prediction of Walter Savage Landor,
that Prussia will be emptied into America.
AUSTRIA.—Vienna dates are to Oct. 19.
Great preparations are made at Schonbrunn, and it
is confidently expected that the emperor will take up
his residence in the capital, in which case it is further
hoped that the state of siege will be removed. The
time for the meeting of the Diet is not yet decided
upon.
New ministerial combinations are spoken of, and
that Count Glad will exchange his portfolio for an
i=tilint post in Italy. Lieut. Field Marshal
is said to be his iatended successor in the
ministry. The post of a civil and military governor
is assigned by the papers to Count Schlick.
In consequence of the continued deliberations on
the organisation of the army, Lieut. Field Marshal
Hess as soon es the decrees already, formed shall have
been sanctioned, will be entrusted with the formation
of the staff bureau in the spirit of the new reforms.
The two army corps in Bohemia and Vorarlberg
will be complete by the end of the month. All
the troops of the empire are to go into winter-
quarters within three weeks. The language to be
used throughout the army in drilling, &c., will be
German, in everything else the national language of
the men will be used. Major-Ge eral Benedek,
brigadier in Hungary, is named chief of the quarter-
master-general staff of the army in Italy.
Count Stadion is rapidly improving in health.
The prolongation of the State Railway, from Lai-
bach to Trieste, across the Kant, is now resolved
upon. It will require 3 years, and 16i millions of
florins to complete the work.
The if attributes the journey of I'rince
Metternich from England to Brussels to the discovery
of an intrigue which the Aus'rian ex-chancellor had
been conducting against Lord Palmerston, bat with-
out taking tame precautions against detection which
distinguished his diplomacy in earlier times.
Hsynau has appointed, during his absence from
Hungary, Prince Lichtenstein as his substitute in the
commandership-in-chief of the army, which office the
Prince undertook on the 14th.
A letter from Klagenfurt, alluded to by the Ober
Post Anzieger &awl!), for Oct. 19, says that Gorgey
has changed his abode, having left the inn where he
was staying for rooms in Baron Herbert's house, in
the Villach suburb. Received with courtesy and a
friendly welcome in the families of Herbert and Moro,
he has been by them introduced into the most select
society there, a thing not approved of at all by the po-
litical ultras of the town. It is said this man (whom
history will be one day called on impartially to judge)
intends purchasing the estate of Annabuhl, near this
place, or Kolubof, near St. Veit. To all appearance
he lives very calmly, but receives many anonymous
lett, re, containing merely passages cut out of news-
papers with hostile allusions to his person. They do
not affect him or disturb his serenity it seems, bat
they terrify and alarm his wife.
Appended to the conveation between Austria and
Prussia, published in the Wiener Zeitung, is the
following announcement of the exchange of ratifica-
tions, and the consent of the Vicar of the Empire to
the treaty :
His Majesty the Emperor of Airdrie and his Majesty the
King of Prussia having approved the convention concluded
between their plenipotentiaries at Vienna, on the 30th of
Sept. lest, for the formation of a new provisional central
federal commission, and having been pleased to ordain that
the ratification reserved to their majesties of this treaty
should take place, the undersigned met together on this day
in order mutually to exchange the documents of ratification
signed on the part of the Emperor of Austria on the 10th,
and on the par of the King of Prussia on the 12th of this
month. Hereupon the Austrian plenipotentiary announced
that his imperial Highness the Archduke Vies, of the
Empire had already given his consent to this treaty, exhibited
the declaration received by the Austrian government in the
original, and gave the Prussian plenipotentiary an authenti-
cated copy of this document, which is, word for word, as
follows
"To the convention concluded between the Austrian and
Prussian governments at Vienna on the 30th of last Sep•
tember, and signed by Prune Schweixenburg and Count
Bernstotff, for the formation of a new provisional central
power in Germany, I give herewith my consent, and the de-
claration, that when the consent mentioned in that conven-
tion of all the German governments to the game shall be
obtained, I shall be ready to resign my office es Vicar of the
German Empire, end to lay down in the hands of his
Majesty the Emperor of Austin and his Majesty the Kiog
of Prussia, the rights and functions ecmcnitted to me on
July 12, 1848, by the German diet.—FranktortsonMaine,
Oct. 6, 1849.—(Siened) THE Vi nor THE EMPIRE, Anat.
DUKE JOHN. (Countersigned) THE PRESIDENT OF THE
MINISTRY OF THE EXPIRE, WITTGENSTEIN."
The connition being therefore fulfilled whioh is *stab.
lished by the first article of the Convention of Sept. 30, the
steps will be mop diately token In common by Austria and
Prussia, in order to procure the consent of the other German
governments to the couvention in question within the
shortest possible term.
Done at Vienna, in the ministry of foreign aides, and
executed in two identical copies on Oct 13, 1849.
(Signed) Prince BCHWAREENBURG, L. F. K. Count
BRIUISTORFE.
SAXONY.— DRESDEN, OCT. 13.—The Leipic
&jenny of this day publishes the official announce-
ment that his Majesty convokes the ordinary session
of the legislative assembly on the 30th of this month.

HAMBURG, Oar. 19.
The declaration of the clergy that they will neither
pray for the King of Denmark nor publish the decrees
of the commissicn, has induced the latter to open the
campaign against them. One of the moat respectable
clergymen, Mr. Hank, in Haddelye, has received no-
tice that he will be dismissed if he does not obey the
commands of the commission. He has been allowed
time for consideration till the 20th inst. In conse-
quence of this step the clergy, both upper and lower,
have issued a new declaration, to the effect that they
have participated in the offence of Mr. Hoak, and
that notwithstanding the punishment inflicted on their
brother, they will continue in the same coarse—the
only one their consciences point out to them. It re-
mains to be seen whether the Prussian and Swedish
bayonetsw ill oust them frem the pulpits, and whether
the reaction is barefaced enough to appoint majors
or colonels to teach iu their places the doctrine of
implicit obedience to the King.
Acccunts from Flensburg state that in that city,
the seat of the commission and garrisoned by 2,500
Swedish troops, the lives and property of the German
inhabitants are not safe from the violence of the Danish
mob. It is not considered necessary on the part of
the civil or military authorities, to interfere in their
behalf.

M. von Gegern, who is staying 'at his friend's, M.
Duckisby, at Bremen, is expected nixt week here to
attend a public dinner, to be given to him by the pa-
triotic union (the Carlton Club of Hamburg.) It is
sad to see him who was once the star of the German
nation, travelling about to receive the homages of the
most hot-headed tories, while, since the Gotha assem-
bly, he has lost all sympathy with the people. I
supp..ise he will state here, as he did the other day in
Bremen, that he never liked the constitution he him-
self made at Fratkfort, and that the new constitution
of the There Kings alone could save Germany.