The Express.
London, England, 1865-10-27 00:00:00

THE BANK OF FRANCE.

(seam's Emma
YAM% Our. S.
The following is the return of the Bank of Fenno* I
for the week ending to-day, together with the eoe-
responding figures of the previous amount :
Ott It Ocd. 19.
DEMI. Fr. e. Fr. S.
cassia of the Bonk
Milts In addition to
(Art. *lan dJens 9,2 r. 7,044275 I 3,044.779 I
Reserve of the Bank end Rs
branches 99,106,160 14 21,106.750 14
Reserve in landed property
Rotes In circulation
Rank notes to tordarandreottpts
3571t10 lil @Mkt
Treasury aocounto-Inarrant on-
(Mot 149,619,913 66 161,900,760 31
Cannot accounts, Pllll 137,962,596 37 144,394,722 93
Ditto brooch banks s 18,369.120 0 sikeerms 0
Dividends poyable
Discounts and oundry interests *754770 44 UNA* $77
Be-discoantol Om lad di
months 1,437,4199 17 1.437,031 17
Surolus of receipts not distri.
bated MIN U T 62,991 N
1!,004290nandria51!,004290 36 11.239,079 63

(►eom oue Recut,

NEW YORK. Oos. 15.
The President's speech to the coloured regiment
on Tuesday at Washington has excited more com-
ment than any event of the week. He called them,
or rather asked why he should not call them,
"his countrymen," thanked them for their ser-
vices, and conveyed to them a not very lucid
explanation of the meaning of liberty. It did not
mean roving about in idleness or licentiousness, or
frequenting drinking saloons, but did mean liberty
to work hard, and so forth. In fact, the whole
address was • curious piece of tautology and repot/.
tion, and as Mr. Johnson is, like most Americans,
• ready speaker, his failure on this occasion to
express himself with either force or distinctness
was undoubtedly due to the novelty of his situation
and the strangely bemuddling influence which the
negro and all that concerns him exercises on most
politicians of his eobooL
What was moat curious about the speech was
that the good advice it contained was precisely the
kind of advice which anybody who was as familiar
as Mr. Johnson with the manners and customs of
the Southern whites would address to them. They
have always associated liberty with idleness, and
labour with slavery. The very thought of work
was repulsive to all Southern "gentlemen," end the
term "gentleman " at the South was synonymous
with white man. Their love of drinking saloons,
too, was one of the most marked features at
Southern life. The "bee "at the South has been
always a veritable "institution," and very few of
the "superior race," in the towns, allowed a day to
pass without one or more " drinks." I remember
some years ago, going down the Miscluippi,
watching a party of passengers belonging, as
far as externals went, certainly to the better
class of planters, who ware congregated daring
the day round the cabin stove. Their mavens,
lion was slow, and interrupted by long pauses,
during which not • sound would be beard except
the hiss of the spite, as they fell on the hot iron.
livery now and then the silence would be inter-
rupted by one of the group exclaiming, " Let's
take a drink." They would all then rise, walk
solemnly to the bar, and take the drink, and return
as solemnly to their seats. I had the curiosity to
time them during the afternoon, and found that
the average interval between those potations was
only half an hour. One of the party on on. cor=
don,. while walking on the hurricane-deck, spied
a friend on the bank, waved a salutation to
him, and shouting out, " I'll take a drink for
you," rushed down stairs, and did honour 11
to the man on shore in a " oocktaiL"
As to licentiousness, I have never been able to put
in print all that I have heard of the axle= to which
this vice was bred amongst the whites by their eoa-
tact with the helpless and degraded blacks. And
nobody who has had actual knowledge of plantation
life has, so far as I know, ever ventured to publish
half what he knew of its viciousness. If, thelefore•
the blacks dislike labour, are indifferent to chastity,
and love drink, the reason is that the class from
whom they have learnt all they know of sivilhatios
has set them the example, and there is something
comical in the spectacle of • white drawn from the
class to which Mr. Johnson has all his life
belonged lecturing them on these subjects. More-
over, the reports of the Freedmen's Bureau show
that in all the towns of the Bond, after the
close of the war, the number of destitute whites
drawing rations from the government and unwil-
ling to work has far exceeded that of the blacks.
That the blacks are influenced now by the example
of the whites I think the= is little question. A
large part of their unwillingness to work for wages,
and desire to squat on small farms of their own, is
doubtless due to the influence of associations
formed in the days of slavery. Having always
seen the whites horrified at the thought of working
for wages, or for anything else when they could
avoid it, they naturally presume idleness to be a
necessary incident of freedom ; and the tendency
to rove about from place to place, and travel on the
railroads whenever they can procure the means of
doing so, which I have lately beard remarked, is
ascribedby very shrewd observers to &desire to imitate
one of the vaunted characteristics of the white
population before the war. I doubt very much
whether it will not require bitter experience of the
inconveniences of idleness to get all these notions
out of their beads. Some of the delusions under
which they labour at present are droll, and have
generally bees instilled into them by the Federal
troops for • joke. One of them, and the strangest
and most excusable, is that the government is going
to provide each coloured family with a farm. A
large party of them came from some distance to
Savannah, the other day, to receive "each the
barrel of flour sent out to him by the Queen ;"
others came to the same place to secure the "free
ride to Washington to see the President," which
they understood had been offered to all who chose
to apply.
The elections in Pennsylvania, Ohio, and lowa
have all gone mainly against the democrats, and
although the New Jersey State election has not yet
come off, and the republican chances there are
usually smaller than in any other State of the
North, the result of the municipal election in
Newark, one of the old democrat towns, hes startled
the democrats, the republics= having, I believe,
for the first time on record, elected all their candi-
dates. New York will, beyond question, go the
same way next month, and the effect of these suc-
cesses will undoubtedly be to confirm the President
in his adhesion to the party which put him in
power, and put an end to all leanin
ggs towards
Northern and Southern democracy, ever had
any. It encourages the hope, too, that when Con.
grewmeets it may be found more peremptory and
decided in its tone with regard to the conditions of
Southern readmission to the Union than some
people have of late ventured to expect.
One thing I think may be pronounced certain,
and that is that no State will be admitted which
has not by its constitution conceded to the negro
an equality with white men in the court& How
unwilling the Southern whites are to accord even
this small measure of justice may be conjectured
from the fact that there is • perfect tempest of
indignation raging in Mississippi against
Governor Sharkey of that State for having directed
the civil functionaries to reserve their testimony in
the trial of all causes prior to the reorganisation
of the State government.
All whits troops east of the Mississippi have
been ordered to be disbanded, and the garrisons
along the whole Southern seaboard are to be occu-
pied by coloured troops, which I consider a good
sip. The iollowing report from Uessal Fish oit

the condition of the freedmen in Tennessee and
Kentucky is very encouraging :

ficibsequeet to my last pascal report I have visited many
important potato in the district, sad brenglit ski good lama
!cation of the bureau to the knowledge of thousands of
people, white sad coloured, who had heretofore but vague
notioes of Re adieus and objenft. I sal pawed to re-
port continued hoproverout is the workings of the bureau
sad en earnest desire oc the part of a majority of the
people that our agescies should be extruded. I have
devoted myself especially to the breaking up d all
fresdateo's camps, refugee homes sod hospitals. I
resolved to make • due sweep of them before
the winter months mons apes us, and am
able at this date to repent desided progress. The
Memphis, President Island, Clarksville, Dub.
vile, Paducah. Columbus, Gallatin. Hoodersosulle, Mur-
freesboro. Pulaski, Tuneel.hill, and Obrittimoop camps,
homes sad hospitals are all eked. The great majority al
thou who have bean the recipients of the goveresseat
bounty have bum establiebed ia good homes is the imestry.
They are at work for good warps. The exodus from
crowded Wise sad tows' has ban large, sad I treat that
Christman will Asd but few asemployed people within
the limits of my district. The freedmen we becoming duly
better advised towline their sew eriaises, rights, and pri-
, Tames, sod recogaiso the immemorial industry, esomory,
sad the armairma@als of virtuous intelligent's. Let
thou be worded eves.luadsd Pollee, and they will work
NA Sleek ova salvage& County and municipal officers are
mmised to preside for their owe poor, sod care for the*
, ewe sick. la order to does oat aiy hospitals, the sick
who were as my hands I am providing for In private fami-
lies, as I desired to close every door through which
cities and counties are thrusting their sick and poor epos
the Amities el the govenumet. Oa September 2, 979 per.
roan were subsisted by the guaranies* within the State of
Tenasemis. During the mouth the entire umber have been
disposed of, and at this date not one ratios is issued by the,
Freedmen's Bureau is Terineass.
I doubt if anything moredreditable to the heart
and head of the writ& has ens' rippeared from the
pen of a military man than the following corre-
spoudenee between Grant and Sherman, written just
as the former was about to assume the command-
in-chid. Grant's letter confirms the popular im-
passion of his purity and simplicity of character :
. alwizek. cuurr TO cremes assume.
Deer Sherman, The bill reviving the grade of lientenent•
gamed in the scary has boom= a law, and my Dane has
ben sent to the Neste for the plans. I now receive indeed
to report to Washington immediately in person, which Wi-
est= • acmArmation or a likelihood al coefirmatios.
start ia the merstag to comply with Ilte ardor. Whilst I
have bees miaow, sereemful Ice tbis was—is as WA pis-
tils the oonlidems of the pablie—no cm dish more Mum
I how much of this nooses is du to the energy,
and the harmotious putting forth of that energy
and skill, of those whom it has ban my good for.
tam to have occupying subordinate positions under me.
There ere army °Seers towline three remarks are applieslis
to a peeler or lam degree, proportionate to then ability as
soldiers ; bet what I west is to expose my thaaks to yes
sad liThanos, as the me to whoa, shove all others, I
feel indebted for whatever I have bad of moose& Hew fee
your advice and wistaria have bees of help to me you
know. How far your manioc' at whatever has been given
you to do entitles you to the reward lam receiving, you
Sanaa know se well as L I feel all the gratitude tide
Misr would ayes" giving it the meet isteenag emetruo.
Men. The word " yea' lam is the plural, icteediog it for
M'Phiersos also. I Mould write to him, sad will some day,
bat Oman in the moods& I do sot know that I will dad
time just now.—Your Irked,
U. S. Gears, Misjor•Geesral.
conala. Italatreell 1111214.
Merman reoeiwerl thin letter neer Memphis on
the 10th of March, and immediately replied :
Dear Geasral,—l have your more thaw kind and charm-
teriatic letter of the 4th isle. I will seed a copy
aad to Oeurral
Al`Phierson at eau You do yourself Wroth' us too
mach hauteur to assigning to as too bugs a share of the
=site which have led to your high edvanoserest. I know
yen approve the f rieedship I have ever professed to you,
sad will permit ma to cesium, as heretofore, to
menifeat it on all proper occasions. You are
wow Worshiper:es legitimate ettocemor, and occupy
• posidos of Almost dangerous elevatioo • but if you
ere sonnetize, as heretofore, to be younelf,
leant and unpretending. you will *or through We the
sesuct sad love of friends and the homage of millions of
humus beings, that will sward you • Inge stare to essaring
to them sod their deocendente a government of law sad
stability. I repeat, you do Omani M'Phersou and myself
too much honour. At Belmont you manifested your traits.
slither of us being near. At Donahoe, also, you illus.
hated year whole olareorter. I wee not agar, and Gs.
nand Wrbieses is too subordinate a copeatty to in-
, dunce you. Until yon had won Donahoe 1 melees I
was almost cowed by the terrible array of eau-
, °hied elements that promoted theossels es at every
point ; bat that admitted • ray of light I have followed
sines. I believe you are an Warr, patriotic, and jut as the
peat prototype, Weehlegton ; as usellib, irted-bearted,
sad booed as a man should be. Bat the chief chiseler-
lab ie the simple faith in mow you have always maal-
feeted, which I can likes to nothing elms Asa the faith a
Christian his in the Saviour. This faith gave you victory
as Shiloh and Vicksburg. Also, when you have cempleted
year preparstiou, you go into battle without hesitation, as
at Chateuroop—ao doatee—so reserves ; and I tell you it
was this that made as sot with cosildeerv. I knew, where.
ever I was, that you thoeght of me, sad if I got la • tight
piece you would help me out, if alive. My eely
point of doubt was in your knowledge ad peed
strategy and of books of remise and history ; but
I mobs' your common sense WON to have supplied all
these. Now as to the future. Dos't stay in Washiagtoa.
Come West ; take to yourself he whole Miestuippi vs/ley.
Let as make it dead sere, sea I tell yea the Atlantis slopes
sod the Peelle shores will follow its dimity, as safe as the
limbs of • tree live or die with the main rusk. We have
done much, bat Mill much reenies. Time and Mene's ie.
Soso°, are with us. Ws mild almost afford to sit still and
let these intimates work. Here lies the seat of the coming
empire; and from the West, when oar task ides, we
will make abort work of Charleston sad Richmond and the
impoverished coast of the Attaatic.—Your sincere friend,
W. T. sazaius.

ROYAL COLLEGE Or SOROZONS.—A, special meet-
tog of the council of this institution was held yesterday to
elect two sabre of tin court of ezanatusra is the es-
esaciss occasioned by the resigaatioe of that *Mos by Mr.
Joseph Modems, F.H.8., the tale president of the collage.
sod of Mr. ffredorlo Onpester filmy, F. 11.8., whom mooed
geinquirenial Mena of °Moo bad expired, sad, as aa illustra.
sem of the high 'nineties is whit& ibis distiogwahed
Baryon is held by his colleagues, be was elected for a third
Ism of five years an *manor ; mid Kr. R
ichdQaai,
P.R.8.. of Univonity College Hospital, was also elected •
member of the court of examiners in the vacancy oceasiond
by the resignatioe of Mr. Hodgson, who will still Males his
mat at the emend table. At the same resstiag d the
cseaeff, Mr. William Antlemy Hanisoe, d Kt-ppslastrest.
Briesellsquare, • follow of the collage, was shined • 11111111.
ber of tbe Donal board, in the enemy ortossionod by the
redgeatioe of Kr. Thoems F. 8.8.
Gus ACC/DENT. —A servant girl iD the employ of
a kfr. gooks, landlord of the Golden Lion Ice, Dear Bide.
ford. lies vary ill in consequenoe of wouods sustained by
the diaebarge if • gas. It appears that the ',waked was
shown; the gen to a customer is his house, sod snapped
the trigger two or three times to exhibit the character of
the spring. At last the gte went off, a patios of the cre-
nate lodging is she girl's seek and bosom. Her roaster &-
eland that ha was not aware that the goo was loaded. and
the girl slates her belief that he was sot.
Tag Kumar Fisassms.—During the last few
days tire mashes of herrings h 1 Übe Grist Y•11"'"' ksts
bass bees compuatively amen. Same fresh herrings liesegbt
in have sold at high rates ; the general runes have Moe 12/.
be 211. per lest 03,100 gab). The psesgons of the Lewes-
telt boom have also Ni. is pled by the weather; Moms
boats whish have made good catches hare made fair prime.
A large Wade Is expiated as Lowestoft doing the seat two

assolbs.—
Nsio LAW firAmre.—After the ensuilm term
errasewstete will•
he essik to coiled f d the judges'
dossimrs sod oaf s law died by sow s( swop, Past
fussed pas