The Express.
London, England, 1849-01-04 00:00:00

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LOADOA, THURSDAY. JAN. 4.
Tux way in which the affairs of Hungary have
been treat. d and its cause misrepresented in our daily
papers. as well as in their grave coadjutor, the Qaser-
terly R view, forms a very striking and disgraceful
*Kempf • of the gross pervasion of fact with which
the English public is fed under the guise of informa-
tion, sod for the interested purposes of ultra-royalist
and ultra-arisrocratie party.
Whoever forms his opinion from their accounts
would imagine Hungary to be an inferior and de-
pendent province of Austria, which bad risen in re•
hellion against its rightful masters from some irra-
tional desire of nationality, or in imitation of the
turbulence of other countries. Now the truth is, that
Hungary is by far the most rut, and powerful, and
populous member of the Austrian empire. It num-
bers of itself more than one-third of the entire
istion of that empire, including even North
Italy. Austria Proper, with Styria and the
Tyrol, that is the German portion of the empire, is in-
significant by the side of Hungary • whilst the °ani-
mator and Bohemians ha e, ;relit", much move
community of interest and feeling with the Hunga-
rians than with Vienna. The idea, therefore, of Aus-
tria pret:oteinating over Hungary by right of superior
power or food ,tion, is absurd.
Hence it has been that not so much through its fro-
wardness, as through its actual mairnitade and power,
Hungary has always remained independent of Aurris.
And however it may have come by marriage or elec-
tion to be annexed to the imperial crown, it always
remained—to use the language of its law, sworn
to by every Austrian Devi reign—prop-fern /taboos
cowsietettesam et eanstitutionetn.
This is not the place, however, to enter into histo-
ric defences of right—that of lintgary, to be hide-
pendt at, needs indeed no regent in support of it.
But there is another plea, likely to be more
listened to in this country, and that is, the
claim cf Aurria to dominate over Hungary,
and govern it by right of superior intelligence and
eivilisati-n. Now, a very slight glance at the con-
dition of the Hungarians and of its national party,
opposed to the Austrians and the Croats, will at once
en. ble every r. ader to judge on which side lie the
interests of civilisation, of freedom, of tolerance and
intelligence, and to decide which of the causes now
in arms has m et claim upon the sympathies of the
British people.
And first with respect to the organisation of classes,
it is generally supposed that the Magyars form a con-
guerrig race, superposed upon Sclavonian serfs, like
the Saxon formerly upon the Cult. This is not at all
the ease. Where the Magyar lords flourish, the pea-
santry itself is Magyar ; where the Sclavooic pea-
santry prtvail,the chiefs are Sclavouian. There was
no oppression of one race by another, and no act of
partlaJity, except the unwise attempt to render
the Magyar the sole language of the Diet
—an attempt long since abandoned. Daring
the old system of Hungary each eontitut had
its own local administration ; and by means of the

federal principle the various races and religions of
Hungary lived, aide by side, in peace.
If, however, feudality be a reproach, it is one of
which the Hungarian Diet fully exculpated itself.
By the old custom of the Hungarians 'he peasant
gave one tenth of his freedom to the church, and one-'
ninth to his lord, in addition to 104 days' robot or
labour in the year, one-half of these being with
team and agricultural instruments. The Diet
abolished all this. The nobles waived those
rights, which placed hostility between them and the
peanuts, and which had enabled the Austrian govern-
ment in Oallicia to incite the peasants to make a gene-
ral massacre of their lord*. Feudality was abolished
in Hungary by a unanimous vote of the nobles them-
selves. It was abolished by Sclavonian and Croatian
deputies, as well as by the Magyars: and however
the arms of WINDIECHORATZ may prevail, even he
cannot undo the great revolution which has taken
place in the property of the soil. If he attempted it,
Croatia would rise against him as well as Central
Hungary.
The military Croatia and its Ban have risen
against the Hungarians and the Diet. This was not
the result of any national movement, but of an in-
trigue, planned and paid for by the Austrian
conk:rale. The particulars of the find conspiracy,
in which the Archduchess Sornis employed her
mature JILLACHICII, form, however, a chapter by
itself, and we shall take an opportunity of relating it.
For the present we confine ourselves to the chief
points of opposition and contrast between the Han-
garian and the military Croatian, between Hour=
and JZLLACUICH.

The chief difference between the two parties, and
the two portions of the Hungarian territory, which
they command, is decidedly the religion. difference.
1 The Croatians, in this poste...jog the fall support
and sympathy of the wart of Vienna, are Roman
catholic.. The remainder of the Hungarians, the
Magyars and Slowaelui, are of various religious. One
half of them, or, at least, two-fifths of them, are pro-
testant& The Magyar protestants are all Calvinists,
the Blows& protestants are Lutherans. Both sects
live in the most
.perfect harmony with their catholic
brethren and neighbours in the same districts. There
is full tolerance, equal rights. And the catholic
clergy themselves are enlightened and liberal. As a
proof of which we need only state that they, to a man,
ea4.ldenos
Bottoms, the present resistance, and the
of Mowry, although Kosevrn pro-
that the priesthood of no one creed should poe-
ms more property than another.
If such is the state of religious tolerance, en-
lightenment, and civiliaation, in the regions and the
population opposed to Austria, which our daily and
quarterly. pints denounce, what is the state of things
in Croatia, amidst that opulation whose triumph
is desired and proved by the Quarterly and by the
Hera / It is a state of tbs most bigoted intolerance
—catholicism is the only religion tolerated. No
man can hold aloe who is not a catholic. No
man can inherit land who is not a catholic.
Take the penal laws at Ireland in the last cen-
tury, reverse them against the protestant, and you
have a fall picture of what Croatia is, of what the
court of Vienna desires, and what both, by means of
80,000 bayonets, are this moment marching to impose
upon three-fourths of Hungary ; that is, upon four
millions of protestant., and upon as many millions of
liberal catholic., who desire no aseendancy, but who
are ready to spill their blood in order to enjoy equality
and freedom of thought with their protestant brethren.
We have sa'd enough, we think, at once to =o-
vine, the English public that the came most worthy
of its sympathies in the struggle going on upon the
Danube, is not the Croatian or the Austrian. In fact
throughout the vast, the oppressed, and the benighted
regions of the southeast of Europe, the only gleam
of light, the only centre, the only hope of religiun
truth and freedom, as of political and' constitutional
liberty, are to be found in llungary, in that Hungary
which has girdtd its loins to flaht the hordes of
WI V DIfiCIIG Nen.

•
W. are act evereenguise of their succemefel re-
iistines. Armies et 100,000 men now hem them in,
and advisee on every side; and thoulth the Hun-
garians oppose to them almost equal numbers, these
°oasis! of but rude levies, ill equipped and undis-
ciplined to war. The Wants which we daily read,
however, is the whig and tory papers, are utterly
devoid of either truth or MUM; and the names of
=is and towns are huddled together sad con-
with the uttermost contempt of geography
sad personal identity. The press no longer exists in
Austria. Letters are all intercepted, and it is only
some signal feat of arms that can make itself known.
The Hungarian line of defence is 'mown to turn, its
centre on the strong fortress of Comm, its right upon
adt. The chief Hungarian force is south of
1.6 e r2intbe, between that river and the Platten Bee, as
well as on the southern extremity of that lake. The
ground is favourable for defence, especially the forest
tract eastward of Rub. The stubborn defence of
Wieselburg has taught the Austrians what they have
to expect. As to Haab itself, that town and Freeburg
are both without the line of defence, and were there-
fore abandoned without a contest.

We are rasher sorry to learn that it is the intention
of the Hungarians to offer battle. In such regular
encounter, the well provided army and artillery of
WINDISCHGRATZ can scarcely fail of having the ad-
vantage, whereas a stubborn system of defensive
warfare would prolong the struggle, which in the
middle of winter, and of a hostile population, would
be of tedious and precarious malt. Moreover, the
Austrian finances are in the most deplorable state.
Even the money (manse) florin of Austria pairs
but for three fourths of its value, whilst Hungarian
paper is at no discount. Russian void alone has supplied
the armies of RADETSKI and WINDISCLIGRATZ, and
even that cannot be inexhaustible.

Little as we hope, still ardently do we desire, the
successful resistance of the Hungarians. For we can-
not but see that their subjugation will retard foe cen-
turies all hopes of civil and religious freedom in the
east of Europe. Neither do we think that moons is
desirable even for Austria. For Hanga-y overrun,
must, like Lombardy, benc,forth require a large army
to keep it. Lombardy will want eighty thou-
sand men, and Hungary at least as many,
so that every flonn of Austria's revenue
must go for yews to pay soldier. to keep
down its population. This is what the tones belaud
and bail as the regeneration of an empire, the restora-
tion of its strength, and the establishment of Euro-
pean race. The policy, indeed, which they com-
mend in foreign potentates, is pretty much what
their party has pursued at home, and their great
&aim is to see Europe divided into four er five big
despotisms, each despotism with an Ireland attached
to it. Such tory planets cculd not revolve without
the genuine tory satellite.

NEWSPAPER readers may still meet with that ex-
ample of advertiaments at which SHERIDAN'S Mr.
Puff described himself as so proficient. " From the
first time," says he " that I tried my hand at an ad-
vertisement, my success was such that for some time
after I led a most extraordinary life indeed."
Risser.—H,w, pray
Pan—Sir, I supported myself two years entirely by ray
misfortunes.

Sneer.—By y3ur mhfortunn !
Puff —Yes, air, assisted by long sickness and other occa-
sional disorders ; and a very comfortable Leine I bad of it.
Snu►.—From sickness and misfortunes! You practised,
I suppose, u a doctor and as attorney at once ?
Puff —No, egad ; both maladies ankmiseries were my
own.
___

Sneer.—Hey ! What the plague!
Puff —lialk'ea! By advertisement.. To the charitable
and kunsane ! and To those whom Providence hath blessed
with affluence !
The various forms of these advertisements would
render a collection of them curious.. " The puff direct,
the puff preliminary, the puff collateral, the puff col-
lusive, and the puff oblique or the pull by implication."
Such are the shapes which those who treat the subject
scientifically have made these advertisements as.unse.
" Letter to the Editor, Occasional Anecdote, Observa-
tions from Correspondent, Advertisement from the
Party." " There is no difficulty," Pays Mr. Puff, " in
doing either in the evening papers, though I take
care to reserve the best of them tor the Morning
Herald."

That ancient journal maintains the character Mr.
Puff ascribed to it. It was in its sober columns that
we saw on New Year's Day an ad.ertisement calcu-
lated to startle the town from its propriety on that
anniversary. It was headed " Cholera," and sub-
scribed, we are sorry to say, by a clergyman of the
Church of England. The object of the advertisement is
not at first sight very clear. Not a single definite idea
is expressed: not a single thing is asked in any way.
It commences with a lung story about the remedies
suggested for the cholera, and the impossibility of car-
rvtng them oat. Then there comes in the puff
oblique :
How are these measures to be effectively carried cut in
those destitute palish'. in the eastern end of London, where
the clergy themselves are, mostly sp eking, as poor as their
indigent pa*. t
It goes on with another allusion to the sanitary
commiesioners. Then there comes another " puff by
implication."
Are they personally or prac•ically acquainted, for instance,
with this district of Mile-end New-town, where 9,000 souls,
dm Let me invite any member to vial, the principal street,
&c. Alas, beds and blankets are luxuri- a but rarely found
among the population of thes• districts, who are crushed
down by the pressure of adversity.
Having brought his reader up to this point, the
Rev. Mr. HARRIS, such is the name of the advertise-
ment writer, grows considerably bolder. He proceeds
to speak of the church and of the clergy in these dis-
tricts, and draws the following extraordinary picture:
ever and anon introducing " the puff oblique " in a
manner which would have done Mr. Pa/ credit.
What is the position in which the clergy here are placed ;
what are the circumstances under which the e " ambas-
' adore of Christ," the genuine and legitimate almoners of
the poor, are situated ?
I and on one side of me the highly-respected and estimable
Rector of Whiteebapel, imploring with more than his usual '
earnestness for a few flannels to help him in alleviating the ,
meows and sufferings of his poor. On another side my_es•
anent and indefatigable friend, the incumbent of St. Mat-
this., Bethnal green, solicits a few of the most ordinary con-
ketions, to enable him to soften the saclews of those diseases
so universal and so fatal in these destitute districts at this
season of the year—eatarrhs and branehites ; and the active
and stirring incumbent of fit. Philip, Friars-mount, Bethnal-
gross, eries nut with a seal and importunity which may well
put some of the people of Imeol to shame, for " old clothes,
old clothes!"

What a picture of the employments and avocations
of "ambeasadon of Christ!" Bat, let us ask, did this
reverend advertiser receive the permission of the
highly estimable clergymen whose names hatbox drags
before the public to publish them in this way to the
world ? How has " the active and stirring incum-
bent of Bt. Philip, Bethnal-green," offended, that he
should be thus held up to public laughter, and be pil-
loried by a brother of the cloth, under the sobriquet
of " Old Clo, Old Clo'!" Why are the modest and
unobtrusive acts of charity of the worthy ministers of
the gospel who an thus paraded in the public print.,
to be dragged into daylieht in an advertieement sur-
passing anything Mr. Puff ever imagined ? Is it to
set off by breadth of shadow, what it is evident the
advertiser wants to come to—the statement which
follows in the very next paragraph ?
Ia the mate of these parishes is Mile-end New Town ;
vitiate and concentrated is it is r much misery and woe as
is all the rest tesether.
The last paragraph, let us remark, is absolutely
untrue, as there are plenty of statistics to rove.
But we will not detain the reader from the bonne souche
which follows : it is the gist of the advertisement,
and it quite equals Mr. Puff's description of his
confinements by a most t 'eructating disorder, when,
having lost the use of his legs, he went about col-
lecting subscriptions for himaelL
LW I what am Ido for my poor ? I have been only
just raised from my bed, alter (our months' Revers illness,
and I am ea usable to use my lers.be, powerless and disa-
bled from all active exertion.

-"Poor dear man," says Lady Tabitha Softheart,
with tears in her eyes. " Send him a ten pound note
instanter: flys for his poor, and live for himselL"
What follows is still more calculated to elicit such
benevolence.

As ham dm Rabb mid the rich of the land submribiag
lismassis and drum& of pounds to erect monumental
licasais is MO d their own order, who, whilst alive, was
saly barn he bisangerter tact and acuteness to worldly
messess—we bays ISM Englishmen rasing tens of thou-
sands as an salidag to • railway kin', who. by 'nom this
smilleary asnatirems, has reached Mut goal which multitudes
la teplagg kre have made shipwrecks of their pesee and
heopissm. 0! (a round 0, Mr. Puff says, is very effective).
o I Ileidst all this shoaled Christian a Iliad forget her
Pittir they? forget, that is to say, Mile-end New-
town and its reverend incumbent " just raised from
his bed?" How fortunate it is that he is always
sufficiently convalescent to write these appeals at
Christmastime! Hower(ruiAble to wri'e sermons in
the autumn, Mr. MMUS is invariably Able to write