The Express.
London, England, 1851-07-24 00:00:00

PORTUGAL.

The Oriental Company's steam packet, Madrid,
Captain lobo. Weeks, arrived at Southampton yes-
s,y,s and lanied-her mails under the charge of
Lieut.• Peter Ranier, R.N., Admiralty agent. lier
'dates are: Gibraltar, July 14th; Cadiz, lath; Lis-
bon, 19th; Oporto, 20th; 'Vigo, 20th.
Our correspondent writes as follows:
LISBON, JULY 19.
Among the many important occurrences which I
have to communicate in this letter, the meeting of the
Miguelites on the 10th as a party is not the least. It was
convened by invitation at the residence formerly occupied
by. the Count St. Miguel, and although many of the notices
tinscoMed, yet upwards of 700 of the first blood and cha-
racter of the country were present, representing, however,
only the metropolitan city and province of Estrcmadura,
and showing, whet is yet more astonishing, the immense
number of the ancient nobility and gentry who yet adhere
strenuously to the principles of legitimacy, or in other
Miguel. The Count do Barbacena took the chair. The
words, to the presumed rights of the exiled prince, Don
meeting had to deliberate upon certain points, in preference
to the consideration of any other subject. Those points
were :
Ist. Does it behove the legitimist party to promote and
accept their election to the Chamber of Deputies ?
2nd. If decided negatively, will it nevertheless behove
the legitimist party to take an active part in the present
election ?
3rd. And previous to the carrying into execution of any
decision of the Assembly of Extremadura in respect to the
Ist and 2nd questions, will it be proper that the legitimists
of the other provinces be consulted, in order that a decision
of a general tendency may be so obtained ?
4th. By whom ought the legitimists of the provinces to be
consulted ?
sth. And notwithstanding this consultation, considering
the urgency of the time and circumstances, ought the elec-
tion of a general electoral committee to be immediately
proceeded to, which, by creating partial committees, may
promote the framing of the lists and other labours ?
6th. In order that the general electoral committee may
perfectly discharge the duties which shall be in:posed upon
it, of how many members ought it to be composed ?
The deliberation upon these points, in their generality,
was conducted with a grave and majestic spirit; and after
much consideration it was determined that they ought
not to interfere in the elections ; the points were therefore
negatived with only one dissentient voice, with the excep-
tion of so much of point 3 as rolated to the consultation of
the party in the other provinces, and point 4, which being
affirmed, the committee was authorised to carry it into
effect ; the party, or rather the meeting for E-tremadura,
not merely not wishing to decide fur their brethren of the
provinces, but being determined to carry on what may be
the eventual decision of the majority in the whole kingdom.
Ina former letter I described the position of the 16th In-
fantry in the nciehbourhood of Saldanha 's residence : in
the night of the 10th a rising wasattempted, in consequence
of its having been clearly understood be them that the mi-
nistry formed was not the desired one; but Saldanha and
the colonel of the regiment being duly advised of
it, the attempt was frustrated, and three sergeants
sent to the castle. By all I can learn, it appears to have
been the intention to have murdered the colonel ; restored
Taborda, their former colonel, to the command ; and then
proceeded upon a plan which has not been developed; but
it is believed to be but one part of a vast plan of conspiracy
which has communications with the troops in the pros inces.
Letters from the country spoke at the time of the strong
symptoms of re-action that were manifest. If, however,
nothing could be understood (but only truly believed) of
the nature of the conspiracy in question, subsequent symp-
toms give a clue to the intentions, and may lead to the
knowledge of the occult parties engaged in it. It seems
that in the night of the 11th some of the sergeants of the
sth Cacadores reproached the soldiers with their indiffe-
renee towards the 2nd Cacadores and 16th Infantry, that
they were all soldiers, and ought to be in peace and har-
mony with each other. This having no effect, theychanged
the tune, and promulgated that the Plitulea officers had
sold the battalion to the Cabralistas, and that they were to be
disarmed. Murmurs of discontent immediately appeared.
" Turn out the ratuleas ! " was the watchword; and
a captain of the third section, who had bees re-
cently appointed to the regiment, was seized, ill-treated, and
mode prisoner by an ensign at the head of a few malcon-
tents; it now ran that harmony ought to exist between them
and the 2nd Cscadore and pith Infantry, as the two latter
corps were on their way to the castle to assist them. The
corps, however, possessing a good spirit, that the disaffected
sergcauts had momentarily imposed upon, seeing their real
intentions, began to assemble on the walls armed, shouting
that the gates should be opened to no one but the Marshal
Saldanha and theirown colonel, and then went and liberated
the captain who had been imprisoned, and whom they
took in triumph to his post. The colonel arriving, the en-
sign and several sergeants were arrested. The soldiers now
began to exclaim, with loud and determined voices, "Death
to the Cabral stas." In the meantime Suldanha, who cer-
tainly was more on the alert as a general than he was as a
minister, had ordered the Queen's Grenadier:, Ist Inffintry,
9th Caradores, and 4 pieces of artillery, with its coinple-
ment, to assemble in the Largo da Moto; and in
the Largo da Gmca, the 10th Infantry, 2nd Cara-
dores, and 3 pieces of artillery ; all which troops
manifested the best spirit, except the 2nd Cacadores,
many of this latter corps grinding their teeth and
smothering "Turn out the I'atulea, ;" two progrcsista
ensigns went to the marshal and reported it, as well as that
they had observed all the officers were leaving it (they, the
ensigns, having previously reported the same to the colonel,
who had advised them to leave the regiment) ; but the
mar-hal reprimanded them, and desired them to return to
their duty. In this state all remained until six in the
morning of the 15th, when all returned to their quarters ;
the pith regiment and the municipal guard not having iu
the meantime made any movement.
From these detailed facts, the activity of a conspiracy is
manifest, and from further information, it appears the ser-
scouts of the sth, who are compromised, had their meetings
in the quarters of a drummer, where there was no lack of
money, and from which store sundry distributions took
place. Courts of inquiry and courts martial are, however,
going on, and revelations arc expected to be made, which
will explain the whole mystery of the design, and the occult
persons of note who are suspected of being engaged init. In
the meantime as the 2nd Cacadores desire to liberate by some
act of force the sergeants of their regiments who were en-
gaged in it, and who were made prisoners, the latter have
been removed for security to the quarters of the Queen's
Grenadien, in rampulha. Besides these sergeants, a cap-
tain of the same regiment, five of the newly promoted en-
signs, and several sergeants of the sth Cacadores, a ser-
aeant of artillery, and many others, are prisoners. Impor-
tant discoveries have been made, and more arrests taken
place.
A commission is appointed to reorganise the Military Col-
lege, and another to revise the military penal code, and
form a project of code in harmony with the advancement of
the age ; and to establish fixed and invariable rules, to
which will belong not only the proper classification and gm
duation of crimes and penalties, but the order, direction,
and brevity of the process. It is singular that Saldanha de-
signated the majority of the chambers corrupt, rind yet he
has appointed upon the latter commission three of the most
determined Cabralistas, Duarte Lcitao, Viscount de Oranja,
and Joaquim Jose de Mello.
An inquiry is ordered into the circumstances attending
the robbery of the custom-house at Tarira: the civil go-
vernor is to acquaint himself with the affair in order to dis-
cover the perpetrators and prevent similar occurrences.
Movement in the wine market at Oporto for the month
of May:—Exported to the ports of Europe 2,333 pipes of
wine, and one of Geropiga, of the first quality ; to
trr's
out of Europe 24 pipes of wine of the first quality, au 208
of the second quality; to ports of the kingdom, six pipes of
wine of the first quality; and for consumption, one pipe of
wine of the first quality, and 2,137 of the second quality;
and 48 pipes of Geropiga of the second quality. Remaining
in store 76,063 pipes of wine, and 1,869 pipes of Geropiga
of the first quality; 11,797 pipes of wine, and 1,761 pipes of
Gempiga of the second quality, and 5,616 pipes of brandy.
Movement in the wine market at Oporto for the month
of June :—Exported to the ports of Europe, 1,44.5 pipes of
wine, and one of Geropiga, of the first quality ; to ports out
of Europe, five pipes of wine of the first quality, and 555
pipes of wine, and seven of Geropiga of the second quality;
to ports of the kingdom, 67 pipes of wine of the first quality,
and 82 of brandy ; fur consumption one pipe of wine of the
first quality, and 125 of the second quality, and 13 pipes of
brandy. The stock in store being as described in the an-
nual return to the 30th June, forwarded in a former
letter. _ _

The new Minister of Marine has ordered succour for the
inhabitants of the Cape Verd Islands.
The liecato came in with people to complete the vessels
of war here, and has again sailed. The Plucton frigate
and the French steamers have also gone to sea.
Return of the revenue of Sete Carus of I.lvben, for the
year 1850-51 :
Reis.
Duties from Wine
~ Sirits
• Oil 46,6,601,010
„ 'Vinegar
Courams
~ Meat 294,863,135
„ Wood and ebaseeel
Fruits and Vegetables
Excise on• beasts of burden
Excise on inheritances
Eight per cent. additional
Five per cent. ditto
Seizures and transfers
Amortisation of notes
Decima on emoluments 1,390,983
10,560

Reposition

Total
Being less by 9,066,834 rein than the receipts of 1849.1850.
Of the duties upon wine and spirits, only 8,277,845 reit;
was upon what was exported, the remainder RAJ the duty
levied upon consumption within the city and boundary.
Exchange, 64i ; Discount of Lisbon Bank Notes, 2i per
cent.

INQUESTS, &c., IN LIVERPOOL.—The inquest on
the bodies of the two cbildren supposed to be murdered by
their mother, and who afterwards attempted to commit
suicide by jumping into the dlerscy from the landing-stage,
has been again adjourned owing to the illness of two of the
jurors.—At the police court the man charged with shooting
the deceased Irishman, !galley, during the Orange riots,
was remanded till to-morrow (Thursday). A witness dc-
posed to seeing him place the cap on the pistol and fire
the shot ; but the prisoner's muter (a brickmaker) stated
that the man was at work at the time the shot was said to
Dare beast tired.

'ate Court.

ORBORNR,WEDNESDAY, JULY 23.

The Queen and Prince Albert walked in the gar-
dens at Osborne yesterday ntorninx, and drove out in the
afternoon, accompanied by the Prince of Wales and the
Princess Royal.
There was no addition to the royal dinner party yester-
day.
The Duchess of Kent is expected this afternoon, on a visit
to her Majesty.

The Duchess of Kent, attended by Lady Augusta Brace,
Lady in Waiting, left her ri,idence, Froginore, near Wind-
sor, yesterday morning, for Osborne, Isle of Wight.
The Commissioners for Auditing the Public Accounts, with
their secretary, Mr. Bromley, attended the Chancellor of
the Exchequer yesterday, at the half-yearly declaration of
accounts.
Sir George Grey returned to town yesterday, from Stan-
more.
Mr. Darling had an interview with Earl Grey yesterday,
at the Colonial Office.

THE PEACE CONGRESS.

SECOND DAY.

Yesterday, after our report was despatched,
Mr. EWAItT, congratulated the members of this
congress on the assemblage of so large a number of persons
to witness these proseedings. This immense gatlwring
showed that the occasion had presented u favourable oppor•
tunity for the interchange of opinions and sentiments of dif-
ferent nations, and it also proved that in the event of a war
being threatened they should be able to effect a powerful
orgnnisation which might extinguish the spark before it
could rise into a flame. (Hear, hear.) Mr. Ewart pro-
ceeded to obs,rve that that nation was the most powerful
which had the greatest amount of capital and wealth, and
which, for warlike as well as pacific purposes, prosecuted
the arts of peace. In allusion to the moral benefits which
had arisen from the Crystal Palace, the hon. gentleman ob-
served that the prince who led such an army of workmen
as were employed in the construction of that building was
capable of effecting a greater conquest than ever was
achieved by any army that ever trod down the principles of
peace with the iron hoof of war from the time of Alexander
to the present day. It had been observed that the organ
of combativeness was largely developed in the English
people, but to this remark he would add that,
according to the principles of phrenology. they
must endeavour to counteract the preponderance
of one organ by cultivating the development of another,
via., the organ of benevolence. (Hear, hear.) He thought
that this great commercial nation—the greatest in tho
world—ought to commence this movement, and in his opi-
nion it would be to the eternal honour of the Anglo-Saxon
race if they displayed the peaceful olive broach of Minerva,
in order to put down war. The hon. gentleman went on to
observe that he represented a deputation from Liverpool,
who begged that means might be taken to promote the ex-
tension of the freedom of trade and the encouragement of
international commerce by means of an ocean penny post-
age. It might be Utopian, visionary, ideal ; but he firmly
believed that the day would come when the system of an
ocean penny postage would be established. Mr. twart
offered some further observations in furtherence of the
cause, and concluded by reading two extracts front the
works of Milton in defence of peace and freedom.
Mr. MACGItEGOIt, M.P., supported the resolution,
contending that the maintenance of standing armies was
calculated to suppress civil and religious liberty in conti-
nental Europe, and he defied any one to point out an in-
stance in which any advantage had arisen from those insti-
tutions.

Don JOSE SEC UNDA, from Madrid, then addressed the
meeting in French.
The resolution was put and unanimously agreed to.
The ,fifth resolution was then brought forward by the
secretary—the fourth being passed over for the present. It
was to this effect :—This Congress, believing that the inter-
vention, by threatened or actual violence, one country in
the internal politics of another, is a frequent cause of bitter
and desolating wars, maintains that the right of every state
to regulate its own affairs should be held absolute and in-
violate.
During the reading of this resolution, M. Emile Girardin,
the editor of La J'resse entered the hail, and his appearance
gave rise to an universal burst of enthusiastic applause.
Raving taken his seat on the right of the chairman,
M. GIRARDIN tendered his cordial thanks to the
meeting for the reception they had given him, and he as-
sured them he was not a soldier, but a " deserter," for he
had left the National Assembly of France and without
leave, in order to present himself before this magnificent
assembly. (Cheers.)
Mr. li. VINCENT then proposed the resolution, and ad-
dressed the meeting with much eloquence in support of it.
The ltev. Dr. BEAUMONT and M. JOSEI'II GARNIEFt (a
French gentleman, who had warmly interested himself in
the cause) addressed the meeting in favour of the resolu-
tion, which was carried unanimously.
The Rev. J. BURNETT proposed the seventh resolution
(the sixth being passed over) : " This Congress expresses
its strong abhorrence of the system of aggression anti vio-
lence practised by civilised nations upon aboriginal and un-
civilised tribes, as leading to incessant and exterminating
wars, eminently unfavourable to the true progress of reli-
gion, civilisation, and commerce." The rev. gentleman
drew a vivid picture of the humiliating position in which,
as he observed, the warriors of this country often placed
themselves by encroaching upon the territories of unciviltsAl
nations, and he urged, with much force, that if they
could not secure their colonies without carrying on a sys-
tem of aggression which ended in the robbery of land, 010
robbery of cattle, and in the murder of the people, they
had better abandon those colonies altogether. (Cheers.)

The Rey. F. GUATEMALA seconded the motion, observ-
ing that in former years he had served its Spain under
General De Lacy Evans, and during that time he had
many opportunities of observing the demorali.iug influence
of the barracks. In the course of the v.:ry first night that
he slept amongst his "brave companions in arms," his
pockets were picked, and ho was afterwards often chastised
fur his " obstinacy " in not paying sufficient attention to
the army regulations.
The Rev. li. GAR NETT, a minister of colour, supported
the resolution, and expressed au opinion that it would be
more to the honour of this great nation if, instead of ex-
pending their money in the maintenance of a standing
army and squadron on the coast of Africa, they would ap-
propriate it to the building of sanctuaries and schools—
taking fur their model, nut the Tower of Loudon, where ha
understood dreadful things had been perpetrated in days
gone by, but Mr. l'axten's palace of glass. (" Hear, hear,"
and cheers.)
M. GIitARDIN said that before the resolution was put
he would suggest as an amendment that instead of this
words " civilised nations," they should say " strong na-
tions," and instead of " uncivilised tribes," " weaker
tribes." He made this suggestion, because be could nut be-
lieve it was the intention of this congress to cast any re-
proach upon the weaker and unollending parties in this
great question. He could not consider any tribe uncivilised
that was not warlike, and he did not think the people of
this country were pur.uing the duties of civilisation by
visiting " uncivilised " tribes with war. If they wished
to elevate those tribes they must endeavour to do so, not
by means of soldiers, but through the medium of schools
and missionaries, who would teach them the doctrines of
Christianity. If they appeared before them in a warlike
form they gave them a notion they were greater barbarism
than themselves. The more he (M. Girardin) looked
at the preparations for war the more was he perplexed,
for the result was that such preparations led to financial
embarrassment and ruin. The United State., be consi-
dered, had set an example to this country by. virtually
keeping up no standing army ; and he was of opinion that
the general prosperity of that nation might be traced to the
fact that they had not wasted their resources in keep-
ing up institutions which they could advantageously
des-
pense with. (Cheers.)
Mr. COBDEN thought the suggestion pat forward by
M. Girardin of so sound a character that he would second
the amendment.
The ltev. Mr. RICHARD, the secretary, suggested that
the matter be referred to the committee.
This course was at once acceded to, anti the proceedings
were adjourned to this day.