The Express.
London, England, 1847-01-02 00:00:00

turned round and said—" Now, Denton, I think I have said
all I have to say to you, except on one subject—Gana.
Inat have you to say won game?" I replied that I had
no n port to make of tor...plaint from the tenauts, nor did I
think there was more game on the manor then than there
ought to be. " Now," he said, " I do desire that you watch
strictly the progress of the increase of these animals, and do
not suffer the mischief to be done before you it form me, as
heretofore; and I not only wish you to do so, but to take
any opportunity you may have to convey to my constituents
my feelings on this alibied, Now FIBCOBIII A PUBLIC ONB.
I consider the excessive preservation of ground game ripe-
, Melly a great injury to the occupiers, and one which ought,
in times like these, to be materially mitigated, if not abo-
lished. I am determined my tenants shall not be injured by

hurt as, it would be fair rivalry. But they cannot
hurt without at the same time affording opportunities
of advantage and profit, of which English traders well
know how to avail themselves.
Whether our merchandise be placed under the pro-
tection of the British or of the Dutch flag and whether
the British or the Dutch government defray the ex-
pense.) of the establishment, does not in the least affect
the main point, provided our merchants and their
goods be admitted on the same footing as the Dutch,
agreeably to the decree of the governor-general of
Netherlands India.
We are fully aware that to British exertion and to
British capital Macassar will, in a great measure,
owe an ire "stance, which we may confidently predict,
but Englis .. en will cheerfully contribute toils prospe-
rity
if they are allowed a fair proportion of the advan-
tages which will accrue therefrom. Let it also be
observed, that if the measure alluded to be favourable
to our commerce, it will no less benefit our Dutch
neighbours; for though gifted with the same prudence as
their forefathers, they seem to have lost part of the
enterprising spirit that distinguished them, and we
know by. experience that as matters stand, some
British pioneers will be very useful in opening and
macadamising new roads to European commerce. The
l)utch are a shrewd nation ; they have, no doubt,
discovered this, and the English will not object to
allow them a share in the concern after the business
may. have been set ageing. Their profit will be bit
a fair remuneration for the general benefit accruing
from the adoption of a system which will be found
ultimately advantageous to both countries ; for, let it
not be forgoten that from the measure now taken by
the government of NetherLandslndia, a total change of
system must follow.
No exclusions, no monopolies, can exist for any
length of time in the vicinity of a free port. Not
the whole British navy would be able to enforce
them in the thousands of islands of the Archi-
pelago. One great step having been taken,
all the rest will follow in due course, and we
may assert that especially in this point of view,
we bail a measure which more than any other will
contribute to blend the interests of the two nations,
and to establish their relations on a footing of mutual
good will, so highly beneficial to both parties.

them."
Mr. DENTON, both as a land agent and a farmer,
was naturally pleased with these sentiments; and he
probably accepted them in a more natural, and less in
a political sense than they were intended. Knowing
as we do something of game preservers and political
landowners, we have no doubt that Mr. DENTON mis-
took his mission, for instead of retailing his employer's
sayings about game amongst the West Suffolk con-
-1 stituency, he forthwith, in the honest zeal of his
heart, began to speak against the thing, and deli-
vered an anti-game lecture to the West Suffolk Agri-
cultural Association. He says he had joined that 1
society, at its formation, from the impression that the
evening meetings would afford opportunity for " the
promulgation of any information which individuals,
from their peculiar situations, might possess, and 1
which others were unable to obtain ;" and he adds :
Impressed with this idea, and feeling it was the duty of
every member of the association to afford all the informs.
tion in his power, for the general benefit, I have at various
times introduced subjects fur the consideration of the society ,•
and having spent thirty-five years of my life in the midst of
excessire game preserves, and seen with sorrow the evils
arising from the system, I took the liberty, at one of our
meetings, to introduce that subject to the notice of the mem-
bers. But although I can most solemnly declare that, neither
on that subject nor on any other which I have introduced to
the notice of the society, Dave I entertained other than a
hearty desire to benefit the owner as much as the occupier
at the soil.
But Colonel RESIBIROOKE dying, the estate and the
" excessive game preserves" descended to his son, who
happens not to have his eye upon the constituency of
West Suffolk. The result was the dismissal of Mr.
DENTON from his stewardship. He had lectured
against game "not wisely but too well." His oppor-
tunities of acquiring an acquaintance with the system
were so well known as to give weight to his expres-
sion of disapproval. His position as a land-agent,
too, added force to his exposition. In a word, he had
obeyed his late employer's injunctions too literally ;
probably, as we have said, he misinterpreted those
injunctions. lie did not understand that it was in
"a parliamentary sense" only that "excessive pre-
servation" was to be "mitigated if not abolished."
Landlords are apt to consider, on public occasions
when such considerations are convenient, that what
they may have promised to have done has been done,
without any very rigid scrutiny of the precise manner
in which their promises have been performed. Game-
keepers usually understand the spirit of such injunc-
tions far better than Mr. DENTON seems to have done,
for they preserve not less diligently than before, and
quiet their employer's conscience by strenuous decla-
rations that " there is no game to hurt the tenants."
Now there is one test, and one only, by which ten-
ants, agents, and others, may try whether a professing
landlord, who has discovered that game has " become
a public question," does really intend to "mitigate, if
not abolish, excessive preservation ;" it is this, will he,
or will he not, absolutely give up the game to the
tenants? No man who reserves to himself the right
to the game seriously intends to give up preserving.
This is a point to which tenants, when engaging a
farm, should pay especial attention.
But to return to Mr. DF.NTON'S letter. Ho tells
the Editor, and, through him, the agricultural reading
public, that nut only has he been dismissed from his
stewardship, bat is to be turned out of his farm also.
We give his own statement:
His son had not been in possession of his estate three
months ere I received six days' notice to quit the situation I
had held as his father's steward for twenty-seven years, dur-
ing which time, I will defy him or any one connected with
hint to substantiate against me a charge of dereliction of
duty, or want of honest zeal in the cause of his father and his
family. I soon after received six months' notice to quit a
farm I had held seven years under his father, upon the
improvement of which I had expended all the savings of my
past life, and a considerable sum bequeathed to me ty my
friends, a taros portion of which investment I was com-
pelled to leave' for the benefit of others. And this treat-
ment, sir, I received avowedly as a punishment for having
had the temerity to introduce that most important subject of
game to the notice of the West Suffolk Agricultural Aaso-
elation.
The ejection from the farm, at all events, seems to
be one of those acts which go far to justify the feel-
ings we have noticed as extending amongst the te-
nantry. Here is another lesson to farmers that there
is no safety without a lease. And the following ex-
planation of the motives influencing Mr. DENTON'S
landlord confirms the opinion that proprietors gene-
rally do not like an independent tenantry:
It may be said, sir, that this is a solitary case, arising out
of peculiarity of character in the individual ; but when I
hear that young man justifying his conduct by stating that
he had been taunted by his friends for suffering his tenants
to speak upon such subjects at such meetings—that he has
been taunted by his friends for suffering his tenants to write
letters to the p .pens upon subjects relating to the affaini of
agriculture—that he has suffered them to run riot, and has
wei dam properly in hand--when I hear him thus justifying
magestsful acts, I am led to believe he is far from being
alone Ea a desire to put down discussion upon any subject
not exaetl7 agreeable to them at these meetings, and that
' the majority of the aristocratic supporters of these meetings
do not like that the truth should be spoken at all timer, even
r though intended for their improvement and benefit.
Land agents are commonly accused by farmers, and
with some reason, for not bringing to their employers
attention all the difficulties under which tenants
labour from the present system of managing landed
property; but the above letter will show that land
agents have a difficult part to sustain. Before agri-
cultural improvements can be generally carried out,
landowners must be themselves improved. They
must shake off their own prejudices before they can
expect tenants to apply to husbandry the same spirit
of enterprise, through which our commerce and manu-
factures have made such gigantic strides. That
there is room for progress in agriculture nearly equal
to that which has taken place in other arts, they, who
understand it beet, will the most readily admit.

WE have received en account of the half-yearly ex-
amination of the teachers in training under the
Nvional Board of Education in Dublin, and are glad
to find that the course includes a good system of in-
dustrial training, especially in the principles of agri-
culture, as applied to the present state of Ireland. At
the same time, there has been placed in our hands, a
Dublin paper, containing a letter from the Mr.
MtGeer., whose stolid mistake of Doctor TODD'S
clever jeu-d'exprit, for a real letter from the Pope,
created such amazement in Exeter-hall, and such
amusement everywhere elite, some few years ago.
Archbishop WIIATELY having, by anticipation, an-
swered M'Gnee's accusation, that the national system
excludes the bible from the course of education pre-
scribed by the board, we cannot do better than quote
the words of that acute and estimable prelate :
The other book, which is commonly called the bible, is, of
all books, the most valuable work you can study. I say com-
monly called the bible, because it is right you should recol-
lect that it is not, strictly speaking, the bible, but a transla
Lion of the bible—a most excellent translation certainly,
made by very learned, able, and pious men. bat who were
not inspired, nor pretended to be inspired. T4l* should al-
ways bear in mind, therefore, that the bible, properly so
called, is the very book, written in the ancient languages,
by the inspired authors themselves. It is a very common
mistake with many persons to speak of the authorised ver-
sion of the scriptures Rs the standard of oar faith. Now,
what is the fact, and one that every teacher belonging to the
Church of England ought to know ? Why, that the articles
of our church were composed • long time before the autho-
rised version of the scriptures now in use was translated.
And for what was it authorised ? It was fir being " publicly
read in churches ;" not as the standard of doctrine. For, in
truth, the framers of our thirty-nine articles, when they
spoke of making holy scripture the sole standard of
our church, and the only infallible authority, meant
no translation at all, but (that which alone can be strictly
termed holy scripture) the very books as they were
written by the inspired authors. This important fact, of
which you cannot be too frequently reminded, is often over-
looked by those who clamour for the daily, and even the
compulsory use of the authorised version of the scriptures, by
all sects and denominations, and who have maligned the
commissioners of education because they compiled the
"Scripture Lessons" for the use of the children attending
the national schools. Now these extracts are only a trans.
lation, and a faithful translation too, agreeing with the ori-
ginal; and yet they have been opposed and abused, and by
the members of more than one religious body, as if the title
of scripture did not belong to them as much as to any other
translation. One may meet with people professing great
seal for the scripture, who yet would rather see thousands
upon thousands of their countrymen live and die totally
without any scriptural knowledge at all than they should
read in any but the authorised version. This is likely—if
anything can—to foster the prejudices which some have en-
deavoured to raise against that version as unfaithful.
Mr. M'GREE's letter is based on the very patent
fallacy that if the reading of scripture is not enforced '
in schools, that scripture is therefore excluded from
the course of education. Now it is perfectly noto-
rious, not only that Roman Catholics, but even very
many Protestants—men as sincerely attached to the
principles of the Reformation as Mr. ArGilee him-
self—doubt the propriety of converting the bible into
a school-book. They deem that the scriptures should
be approached with reverence, caution, and reserve ;
with reverence, because of their sacred character;
with caution, because of the danger of erroneous in-
terpretation : and with reserve, because the same nar-
rative that instructs the matured mind cannot always
be equally edifying to childhood, and they fear that a
compulsory and indiscriminate use of the scriptures
woud tend to lower the character and influence of the
sacred volume. Whether these scruples be well
or ill founded, it is perfectly obvious that they
ought to be respected. And it is a fact
that they are respected in all our public
stasis for the education of the middle classes. We
bow that: Roman Catholics attending the schools
qkt by Protestant clergymen in Ireland are not re-
red to join in prayer or attend bible-lessons; the
same distinction between secular and religious in-
etruction is maintained in England whenever epis-
copalians and dissenters are found in the seine school.
We should be glad to know on what grounds a diffe-
rent law should be established for the parents of the
=
and the parents of the wealthy. It was eer-
not in the New Testament that Mr. gitGwee
found the grounds of such an unjust distinction.
There are now four thousand schools under the Na-
tional Board in Ireland, educating more than half a
million of pupils. This is a proof that the national
system has obtained the confidence of Irish parents :
and if it did not posses; such confidence, the system
would not merely be worthless, but pernicious.
It is a fearful thing to interfere with parental re-
sponsibility, and remove the control of the youthful
mind from the hands of those to whom it has been
entrusted by nature and the God of Nature. Yet
this Mr. M`Gnee, in very plain broad terms, pro-
poses to do, and proclaims that each interference is
not merely the right, but the duty, of the state. Dors
Mr. Wanes know what the state is? Assuredly
[ it is not a theocracy, and if not a theocracy, it has
neither the duty nor the right to meddle with
theology. Ile has confounded two very different
things; because the state supports a religion, he in-
fers that there is a religion of the state. But there
an be no special religion of the state, so long as per-
iling of different religious denominations are
mirage to office.
WOREE'S argument goes the whole length of
maintaining that the East India Company ought not
to extend the benefits of education to its Hindoo and
Mohammedan subjects except on the condition of the
Christian scriptures being used by all the pupils in
their schools. We doubt if there are ten sane men in
England who would maintain such a proposition :
and we only contend, that the same measure of jus-
tice, conceded by universal consent to the Brahmins
and Mussulmans of India, should be continued to the
Catholics of Ireland.
We should hardly have noticed Mr. *GHEE'S very
impotent effusion, did it not seem to intimate an in-
tention on his part of net isiiing Eitgleau to renew
the course of itinerant agitation which he found so
e when he was accompanied, some years ago,
rathißev. MORTIMER O'Setti‘ww. He had much
batter stay at home. Theological rancour does not
afford such good leverage for upsetting the Whigs as
in times past. The cry of "No Popery," like that of
" Wolf,"-has been raised a little too often.
The intolerance of the MlGuees received a severe,
but andesigned rebuke from Mr. CAMBALLIN, who,
in the unavoidable absence of Archbishop MURRAY,
addressed the Catholic pupils :
The board, comprising as it does, members of the various
religions communions in the country, while j doing
cordially in 'promoting a sound, moral, and secular
education, and even II religious education, so far ex all
can, without compromise, cordially agree, lessee to each
of its members the power of promoting in this way the
peculiar tenets of his own faith amo=zst these of hie own

Tee establishment of a free port at Macassar by
the Governor-General of the Dutch East Indies, has
given rise to a great deal of wonder, suspicion, and
congratulation. Some think it a trap, some an act
of envy, others a tribute to liberalism and free trade.
In truth it is all three. But whatever of rivalry is
in it, is a very fair spirit of rivalry ; and one by
which, although the Dutch may profit, we shall cer-
tainly profit too.
It has been long since an observation of the Dutch
writers, that the inhabitants of Celebes were not, like
the Javanese, inclined to agriculture, but irremediably
fond of wandering, especially by sea, and of the
trading incident to such a life. The Dutch, in the
interest of their spice monopoly, and to surround it
with mystery, made it always the basis of their
treaties with the people of Cefebes, that they should
neither trade nor navigate. Such are the conditions
of the contract of Bongay. The people of Celebes
have ever rebelled against such a law, and their
rebellions have abstracted from the Dutch a great part
of the gains of their Spice Islands.
Governor VAN DER CAPELLEN, however, visited
all these islands and establishments himself, and
brought back from his visit the conviction that the
old system should be reformed. And he did, in agreat
measure, reform them ; for instance, abolishing the old
laws for the destruction of spice-trees. Duties were
taken off native exports and imports, and the results
were the quintupling of the revenue in five.yean'
time. Of this we are informed by Count HOGENDOUP.
The present throwing open of the port of Macassar
is but a continuance of 'VAN DER CAPELLEN'S system
of reform. It is no doubt also an invitation to the
Bugis to frequent Macassar rather than Singa-
pore, with the promise that they shall find
not nn.rely Dutch goods but English Wu. Singapore
has great advantage in being on the high-road
from India to China ; but the Dutch may say that
Macassar is better stationed on `the road between
Europe and China. If to this great advantage be
joined the fact that the inhabitants of Celebes and of
the countries near Macassar, arc the most enter-
, prising and trading of the Malays, that
they are the moat industrious procurers of tre-
pang and the other luxuries which the Chinese
, love-, there is some fear that Mammy may
prove a rival to Singapore in the China trade. Our
projected settlement at Tabu an is another in
the eyes of the Dutch. The facilities which would
then exist for collecting the above-mentioned Chinese
luxuries, and rendering Labuan a suocuraal of Sin-
gapore, have aroused the Dutch to rival us, and to
open the port of Malacca. Be it to; even if the Dutch

communion ; and so far from sanctioning an irreligious or
" godless" 'cheme of education, with which it is sometimes
charged, it thus affords opportunities of inculcating the doc-
trines of religion through the instrumentality of those from
whom it ought beet to come—the members of that commu-
nion to which the teachers respectively belong: while, to
hear some people, one would suppose that his Grace the
Archbishop of Dublin, Archbishop Murray, and the highly-
respected Presbyterian clergyman, Dr. Henry (whom absence
from ill-health today we have also to lament), were in •
sort of conspiracy to bring up the youth of Ireland in irreli-
gion or indifferentism.
The same eloquent gentleman pointed attention to
smatter generally overlooked, but one of immense im-
portance, the value of the national schoolmaster, not
only as the instructor of the young, but as an example
and model to the adult.
Will you, national teachers, aid, with all your might, in
raising the intellectual as well as moral character of your
native land ? You are each united with the board in this
effort—each of you has his share of duty to perform it. this
great work. Some of you come from parts of the country
where the system you are called on to administer is not only
not countenanced, but discouraged. Do you not he discou-
raged or disheartened. In the diatriets referred to, you are
specially called on to redouble your exertions, and thereby to
demonstrate to the adversaries of the system the excellence of
its working under your care. Show even in the humble
thatched cabin, dignified with the name of national school--
(because, owing to thise very adversariis, perhaps, no better
or more suitable accommodation could be procured) the
whitewashed walls—the well-swept floor—the tablets well
arranged—the books of free stock in reasonable good order—
the entrance to the humble cottage ornamented at your lei-
sure hour, or. still better, by the usibtance of the children,
with a little dower-garden—the children, though in rags, yet
clean, orderly, and respectful in their demeanour.
This is a subject to which we shall again have
occasion to refer, but we can state from our own
knowledge, that many of those who were at first
oppose d to the Irish National Board of Education,
have been won over by observing the effects which
the example of most of the trained teachers has
produced in the rural districts of Ireland. Not being
so far raised above the peasant clans, by salary or
station, as to seem hopeless objects of imitation, the
comforts they procure by their habits of order, the
respect they win by their propriety of demeanour,
and the influence they obtain by their superior intel-
ligence, have excited feelings of emulation around
them, and have superinduced habits of industry and
economy, which may have been disturbed, but which
have not been destroyed, even by the preasure of that
distress with which the mystenous dispensations of
Providence have afflicted Ireland.

The Express from France, with Thursday's papers,
arrived in due course. The contents are as follow :
The Journal des Dibals replies at some length to the
attacks of La Presse, accusing it of inconsistency :
We are accused of being caught in the flagrant act of con-
tradiction, says the Darras, because, having approved the
Spanish marriages, we show our regret at the breach which
those marriages have caused in the relations between France
and England. If we thought the English alliance of such
importance, we are told that we ought not to have contracted
those marriages. Why not? We approved of them, and
still approve of them, with all our soul. The annihilation
of Cracow, which you have blamed, at least with your lips,
does that prevent you from advocating an alliance with the
most powerful of the northern powers? The irritation telt
in England on account of the Spanish marriages, seems to us
most unjust and unaocountable, and that is why we
think it cannot last. In a question purely French, our
government followed se purely French line of policy.
England has lost nothing by it. Our position in
Spain is the same as it was before those marriages,
which, we repeat it, hurt only the self.love of some indi-
viduals or their projects of aggrandisement. It is not the
house of Brunswick which sits on the throne of Charles
Quint for the last hundred and fifty years. The Spanish
marriages have made no change in politics in general. We
advocated the English alliance before those marriages, we
advocate it after them. The reasons which, for sixteen
years, caused us to defend that alliance still exist in all their
force; they exist for England as well as for France. We are
still of the opinion—we believe more than ever—that an
alliance between the two countries is in the interests of both,
and a terrible responsibility will fall upon the head of that
of the two nations which first breaks asunder the links of
such an alliance. Let it not be France at least to take the
lead in so disastrous a course. Such are our sentiments, and
we are convinced that they are also those of M. Guizot.
After upholding the Spanish marriages, as a proof
that M. Guizot did not fear to act boldly in contra-
diction to the wishes of the English government
when the interests of France were engaged, thus
refuting the accusation of the Opposition, that the
French Minister for Foreign Affairs was the organ of
English interests in the cabinet, the De6als oon-
eludes :
The Spanish marriages took place without precipitation,
without delay, at the day and hour appointed, We will be
allowed to say in our turn : We have let pass unmoved the
storm of the English press, which burst upon us. We con-
tented ourselves with calmly maintaining the rights of
France ; and shall we to-day embitter the irritation which
may still exist in England, and change a quarrel of hurt
pride into a subject of international dissension ? God forbid!
So °alone a part we leave to others ; they have their own
ends in view. Rather let vs seek to calm and enlighten the
public mind in England ; we fear not to make an incessant
appeal to the good sense and wisdom of the English people.
We shall neglect no occasion to point out the weighty rea-
sons for France and England to remain united for the main-
tenance of peace and the welfare of humanity; and we are
certain that by thus doing, we give a proof of true patriotism,
of independence, and of dignity.
The state of the Bank of France was the general
topic of conversation on the Bourse on Wednesday.
It was asserted that the sums withdrawn on Tuesday
exceeded 11 millions, and those on 24Mondail,
millions. The head of one of the principal ban •in
houses has left for London to negotiate the means ffor
providing for the pressing wants of the moment,
fhe bank has declared to all depositors of effects in
gold and silver that it could not keep them as pledges,
and that they must be withdrawn immediately. It
was reported that the house which is said to traffic noel
on the Bourse in railway shares and loans, was myth
hurt at the notice, and having at the present moment
deposits at the bank for more than 11 millions, has
endeavoured to negotiate in Belgium the means se
complying with the request. Thus, the hopes of a
better state of things have vanished, and tho fisiodal
crisis is worse than ever.
The Constitutionnel quotes at length the prow
in the speech of M. Thiers on the 27th May last, in
which, after examining the financial state of the
country, he energetically blamed the facility withl
which the government granted credits beyond the
financial resources of the country.
It is but a sorry satisfaction, says that journal, to gay
when the evil has arrived, that we foretold it. It were
much bitter to be a false prophet than to see predictions
come true at the expense of the country.
According to some of the journals the royal speech
will contain an allusion to the incorporation of
Cracow. This would give a new character to the pro-
testation of M. Ouizot.
The members of the diplomatic body met in Paris
on Thursday, to deliberate whether or not in the
address to his Majesty they were to felicitate the
King on the marriage of the Duke of Montpensier,
and it was decided that the proposition of M. Guizot,
not to felicitate his Majesty on the marriage, should
be rejected.
In consequence, Lord Normanby will abstain from
being present at the presentation of the address to-
morrow, New Year's day, at the Tuileries ; but we
are assured that he has the intention of paying his
respects individually.
Lady Normanby has arrived at Paris.
The Bey of Tunis arrived on the 25th ult. at
Toulon, and was to embark on the following day.
From the Ist of January the price of bread at Faris
will be increased 2 centimes per kilogramme.
ad- I

COLONIAL.
CAPE OF GOOD HOPE.
By the Samamng, we have letters and papers from
Cape Town to the 24th, from Graham's Town and Port
Elizabeth to the 17th, and from Fort Cox to the sth October.
Tue SEAT or WA i.—lt was understood that the Go-
vernor bad marched to form a camp at or near the mouth of
the Buffalo river. On the 19th of October the Sir Edward
Ryan, carrying 110 mules and horses, with a corresponding
number of light waggons, was despatched tress Simon's
Buy. It was to be towed all the way to Algoa Bay
by. H.M.S. Thunderbolt. The arrival of the Deputy-Com-
missary-General Palmer at Port Elizabeth (in H.M.S. In-
flexible on the 11th of October), somewhat lightened the
gloom spread over the Eastern districts, the disastrous issue
of the operations in Kafflrland being mainly attributed to
mismanagement in the commissariat department. A rumour
that Col. Cloete was to be superseded by one of the field
officers who arrived in the same vessel had also given satis-
faction; and a lively desire was expressed that " other
parties" might be superseded by more qualified officers.
No movement had been made at head-quarters since the
previous despatches were sent off.
The Kaffirs continued their marauding apparently without
let or molestation. The following diary of a week's outrages
may convey to home readers some notion of the state
of the frontier Monday, Oct. 12: Information reached
Graham's Town of the death of William Cumming, a young
man, neer Fort Beaufort, shot while endeavouring to rescue
some sheep from a body of Kaffirs.—Tuesday, Oct. 13 : Par-
ticulate (a vague report had previously arrived) of the driv-
ing off of a flock of 1,400 sheep, the property of a Dutch far-
mer, G. Van Rooyen, by Raffles, received at Graham's
Town—Thunday, Oct. lo: Information of the murder of
Carel Van HeeraCn, in the Tarka district, received at Gra-
ham's Town. He was on the " trek " with his family to a
more secure position. A party of Tambookie Kaffir, fired on
his encampment at night without provocation, and shot him.
The same day accounts were received of the re-capture of
150 head of cattle, which a band of Kaffirs were driving past
Fort Beaufort. Friday, Oct. 16 Information reached
Graham's Town of the loos of the whole horses (twelve in
number) belonging to the provisional company stationed
near Jsiger's Drift, on the Bushman river, by Kaffirs.—Sa-
turday, 17th Oct : This day was marked by a luring of Job's
poets . News from the Tarka of a flock of sheep, sixty head
of cattle, and four homes, taken by Kaffir* from tierce
farms. News of an attack, by Kaffir., on a merchant
travelling in the vicinity of the East Riet river.
News of outrages by fifteen Ruffin, near Quagga
Vlakte. News from the K aga that all the cattle had
been driven off from Maelstrom by Kaffir,. It appears from
the Graham's Town Journal that the authorities do not
even attempt to keep the high poet road to the north or
inland districts open, but make detours to escape plundering
parties. No wonder that the same journal states, " It is no
exaggeration to say that hundred, of persons would quit
Graham's Town, and thousands the immediate fron-
tier, did they possess the means of removal." The
Journal states that 601. has been given as the hire of a singla
waggon from Graham's Town to Fort Beaufort.
The scarcity of food along the frontier had brought famine
prices with it. Oa the 17th October (according to the Gra-
ham's Town Journal) the prices of absolute necessaries there
were—wheat meal with the bran as it comes from the mill,
245. per bushel; beef and mutton of poor quality, 4d.
per lb.; potatoes, 7d. per lb.; milk, not to be had
vegetables, ditto ; fire-wood, 4/. 13.. per load (the current
price before the war was 10s. (id. to 111. ) At Fort Beaufort the
scarcity of food was still more severe than at Graham's Town.
Two or three waggons, with provisions, brandy, and tobacco,
reached Graham's Town, from the district of George, on the
17th. Their owners stated that abundant supplies would be
brought, if the farmers were secured against the impressment
of their waggons. The military and commissariat. having
in part made insufficient provision for the means of transport,
in part by. scandalous neglect of common precanuons,
allowed their waggons to be captured, and their beasts of
burden to be starved, had gone on the maroude, and were
acting as if soldiers alone required provisions, while civilians
might be left to starve.
Ito' even this system of ienpres,atent did not scent(' the
soldier against want. Here is a picture et the state of the
army from the private letter of a soseasmisissed officer
Toe my Sped that every ass la the Sell h malady looking
ter aireessiarYt gAskr we we idle Ask it SY work. It is
maw la dire we Int witarel the Add (in April
I bans sever Wept wpm a Yd. et tar down
assowbernenta on. We are bestaskie le he Stele asked,
owe *saw 11%,;
.altzarn out, and 10010 elihmateehtsgS in con-
=01( lost their all at the mime et the waggons.
Is do to he wry seeded at mos ye have
had ems waywet weaker ibis last swerdh. die le wiry mestart.
die Yr a We hag a party at le sea est le Ws pait eta Metals
at 1,010 sea bee easheettY lesd. ad than pew Muse WI hue
two yawls era dant a dregs et any lane without
their greet lab ens 'they are has the hat asses, is
Taathaskla lea den as whim W SY Sea they meet be was.
piedy, wed May have ad hid de sea is alma le ewer
het have bees spend to all ales. Mrs have piebraseith P
maim lam they bale hes ed. Swiss speed i=lo at .1101
bead ornate. There has bete tee or three Neel et
called tin •, black leg," brea tinge% a urn* et gginlnblaMilag
have been served out with to prevent siaLsam. Owe ewe et
the bladder liss prosedtatal lea gdotte or the th mgt. baying aid
of is although Mined inM Rat Deadert toe • c27hange of diet. Oar

The Bordeaux mail arrived at Paris on Thursday
without bringing the journals and correspondence of
Madrid.

PARIS, Dac. 30.
The fourth public meeting of the Association for the
Defence of Free Trade (Libre Echange) took place yes-
terday in the Salle Montesquieu. This demonstration
was attended with the same éclat as the preceding one.
A con.iiderable number of spectators had assembled,
but unforeseen circumstances brought on a change in
the programme. The chairman of the association,
the Due d'Harcourt, was absent; Mr. Wolowski, who
was to have spoken, thought it more prudent not to
do bO, on account of his recent rceovely from a sel ere
illness; and an attempt to try the powers of a novice
in the art of oratory completely failed. It does not
seem necessary that every gentleman engaged in a
cause of such general interest as that of free trade
should be called upon to express himself in
a brilliant manner; but what is indispensable
is, that the orators should do justice to the
question, and should consult both prudence and
reason. This is what M. Dunoyer, the president, did
not do. M. Dunoyer is one of the veterans of the
debates on political economy under the Restora-
tion, at a time when that science was yet a
new ono in France, and when a place in a re-
presentation might be gained by a pamphlet.
In naming this gentleman vice-president, in con-
junction with M. Aniseon Duperron the association
meant rather to honour old serneee:than to recognise

I
capacity. M. Dunoyer is a member of the Council of ; Tatiana now OODldaia of le. orrty:feat,,irg..C4,4 bierait, alindraill,2:holapuel
State and of the Institute; he lives in his functions sor a"lrits.od: Sofalt cag.m;:li perP:liern. a Anything esti& from this our
as in a retreat, without joining in the movement of assthin tias cormises to get from Fort Beaufoet, as coffee, sugar:
the rest of this world, and keeping his knowledge ~°01?. sad t°bacc°i the Wice. a it•,;d.. :id at.ac,„), 2..w;:r4p, 1i,..
same, Is. 3il. • elms; 9i11.; soap, Is. I • •
even of facts up to a par with society. lie is thus and even it isitificult to procure those articles at any pnee. The to-
unfit to sustain a debate with the Protectionists ; kie. tUt.d it "rfiridime'lt to supply thrugtbolllitte:
being not in the way of knowing the policy which wino many as fromllo to 30 at each camp without oars
ought to be pursued in difficult circumstances. at a: at one time here there used to as many** four and five oxen
Bead morning through scarcity of grass, and being bun
The following, however, was the theme which M. _oorriomo of rid hy had to absadds ems of their wag-
Dunoyer chose, with the inexperience of a man iiiisimeisequenoe deficiency named.
took upon himself to trace out the future plan (lithe a •
placed beyond the current of ideas. He The distribovebuittitheneadat tteheouf
hinisyl,easttefarr,
maaukunownfollotowsthe writer
The rata regiment was as their march from Algae nay towards the
of campaign for the association ; but instead Of frontier. The reserve banalioq_ 43th regiment, were in the tfeld, but
a programme for the future, it was, in reality, but
also
1 a plan for a funeral ceremony. Imagine for a moment Fat odor the now umc umccent , ~,,..imp,d between
I don't know 4.r:ed. tlyawrhrre.i the sots =mein ;..kerel:titrputsd au
a general in the thick of a fight, telling his soldiers, Fort Beaufort. Col. Somerset aDd the Cape Corps were
b.
"that their enemies are too superior in strength and Ibe chtt, ,Prit; We
orwa ,lbau,"::„l7;trtree'l 1',,,, ~,,,Istienyo be 01 Hr
number ; that heaven is in the favour of the latter; Andrus Stockemtrones division Is broken up, sod the fanners ham
sod that they have no hope of success." Hearing this, returned home. There is a fresh Bei. o,d.re:coup ilmitheme2=
would not the troops throw down their arms and the sell each division bLingrepthoe Mc ordered :
ordered home. The Fine Old
run at once ? Certainly they would. And that is tmetun Gram:nen are in grouters at tkwurort. We are ansioutli
the sort of sauce quo pent principle which M. we will be quit.: naked altogether.
Dunoyer endeavoured to inculcate. In a loud and I""A;gverr°tiser "miuentsc'n'hnaud tmapmpehar7ilWirne6ethvesuiGinrathhame ik•lsd.Trow's:n
distinct voice, the vice-president was heard to de- repels
fro-
the Civil Commivaioncr fur Albany, an
dd the
Clare, that the free•trade party was in a minority ; Town Clerk of Graham's Town,
ling.callin upon the ir milr to
that there was nothing now to be hoped either from wnd
in
Thestatements
dignitary nti ryi r !Ts :cis only n forreturnsand th e
ull fromth
government or public opinions ; that public opinion did Ilare'peciod of troeetr,..‘
not yet demand what theassociation required; and that begun long before, though government were not ready to
the executive would do well to turn a deaf ear to its troop. entering Kaffirland." The war had
meet it. Are they going to take advantage of their own
demand, so long as public opinion did not press &dosser
them. Immediately after this announcement, M. THE " DAILNWS" AT THE CAFE OF Goon Horst,—
Dunoyer concluded by urging the association to put - The Graham's Town Journal of 17th October gar :"1 he
English papers received since our last furnish some further
tine its work and not be discouraged. M. Dunoyer ccommentaries on the affuirs of this colony, and which are
does not seem to know that an assembly of men, written in a spirit and with an earnestness from wl,ich we
anxious to modify the laws of their country, must may augur the most important results. Among ,her ex-
possess faith in the success of their undertaking. He remarkable
Yew,
accurac."
school of philosophers ; and sounds the note of re-
treat at at the moment of action. This speech caused a
painful impression, chiefly on the minds of the mem-
bers of the committee. Several of them thought it
their duty to protest. M. Blanqui, who spoke after
the chairman, said, that for his part he hoped better
things; but it seemed to have been laid down that
the speakers were all to wear the funeral veil cast
upon them by M. Dunoyer ; and M. Blanqui, the
witty and clever speaker, who generally over-
shoots his mark, became timid to excess. In
explaining the objects of the association, which chiefly
consist in the repeal of the prohibitive duties, and
the reduction of all excessive import duties, he rather
diminished than widened the perspective. The audi-
ence remained consequently cold, forming a great
contrast to its usual enthusiasm, and apparently at a
loss to understand the universal timidity which
seemed to be the order of the day.
M. Chevalier followed, and, though not generally
eloquent—reading his speeches, rather than speaking
he was eloquent on the present occasion. He had
chosen a well-defined subject; his ideas were
clear, and he obtained decided success. The
speaker mentioned, amongst other things, the
I anxiety which the manufacturers, who are parti-
sans of protection, affect to feel for the welfare
eif their workmen. Alluding to the organization of
the central committee which directs that puty,
be said : I do not ask of men who profess soisiseh
anxiety for their workmen to increase their salaries,
for I know that these depend on complex eon-
ditions, which it is out of their power to modify, but
they can do much for the moral and intellectual
welfare of the labouring classes; and the central
eranmittee's orders being obeyed from one end of the
kingdom to the other, it need only lift its fingers to
eause the adoption of all the reforms required by our
age. I would only ask of them whence it happens,
that from the resistance of the manufacturers them-
selves, the law regulating the work of children is not
set in activity? Why mechanics' institutes, so
common in Englard, are not brought to bear in the
great centre of industry ?
After NI. Chevalier, M. Horace Say spoke a
few words tending to show that the material
interests of prohibition were felt even in the
heart of the metropolis; that the custom-house
officers attributed to themselves the right of search-
ing houses ; and that even women's bedrooms
were not exempt He showed that prohibition favoured
a greater fraud even than smuggling, viz. the proceed-
ing by means of which French manufacturers in
putting their mark on foreign produce, secured it
from the grasp of the Customs. These simple words
were much applauded ; and it becomes daily more
evident that the speakers of the association, if
they wish to instruct the public, and make proselytes,
should eschew theory, and enter more frequently into
the detail of facts. It is a plan they will probably
adopt at succeeding meetings. 0.

INDIA.