The Express.
London, England, 1849-02-13 00:00:00

a: TH$ IPPRESB, TUESDAY EVENING, -FKBILUARY 18, 1849.

escrow snob With teir the peleeipie et maw
l emsloriveslitoo rarebit see wide Wet Also; sad
meowed Ids sem**. do mimesis, si;thoom
delth—The Nedra lees serisol.
Alteriledessiodellese AO eat year, the meet-
ing selsomild•

YAW ASSEEDEEET SOCIETY.
Yesterday wrialais aa attlooraed moottag of the
seassbore of tide miser leek pima et their isms, Reseed-
street Lord Reashrea la ato dote. Maas stew am-
bers levier been baked for and
Kr. Nemo read a festkar K Km eisamittse on
malty, which bed bow a rW he madiamtlen frill a
pains maker. The aelaillee lad head hies shied
ISOM_ it 411ffirb lopmee. mega. ea
the almblitimMa ef *ee k Karree- Oiled
el whisk was the unemaney amosat d prelindeary
etedieszaisste, mad with whisk the
were The emu' sass of ember-
neimma sod ptemeedmiles lay la *a het Sae the Kota
naiad to every ells. ealysic spathe eferhediwoldegated to
him by the dares, eat el idea be could eat Weal, and
whlebelleatieassweeW no moos eumprebeashe easogh, aid
the third IMO these the pretties edified el
to ems bosh Is he Madly Mae be boil ji v I ler if: =a;
end slibsogh stem body might be .ti/id with it. ler the
MINIMe dobtafalag leave Kea Idea to wry eat whit he
Mat eisenty explisity directed to be date. The puessat
ample of haring imam rammed, fm ace or two We et
dm% 1124•11h1 itedi swami med effirmoisdraess&
hoe the Whilim, olio eestilloiell mart
Goody and tedious. The repot ae relented to Muse
' Pones pamphlet ea the aims of the Rinstoe it Ober
eery, kr austeralsos of tit loos. mseass et gisadiem wad
gi*tg Whose in them ohms, in ossiegnease if slab the
pmesedb. weep keeverally spread weer to
Hie gime InsonisMeme- sod to of all paths emmern Wed swaths,
ed.
To Uwe Ole evil it should be made imparsave that musts
sheaf b. smeesiel with contimmusly ; that the time
within whM Nib pseessduss was to be takes shield
be dellosd. awl that aifialtlsg parties should
be sable* to the wawa of rests estesioned by askass-
e
seed of bolas allowed to mopes the pe-
lf saggaideas einati vat,
IM Kean ert be mialled to wise
melt soltect to so
hues Within a Sash" Om • intro illation of •
dillbent system of plowling. swam tibias of the
plan was to aster is the Wow the authoritydalleure—id
to clothe his. with the power permed by die superior
lairs of the courthipedag of all mitten brought be-
fore him--of binding has elm was sot perdu to pro.
sealing, before his., bat might &he in intmeet in their
l their
eallea.ti and of autar tell= the "pre ussitCrin hie
court. The learned gentMmam thes M esetideedlie lento h,
amassed and esmiplobiedtege Me epseellsa el Ohs miens Oarordersy ol
which dm com goiparill te earn see these mos,
id reseded by mode/ Mae the wells restived.me The
resolution bathe boon tommaed. wee mispeed.
Mr. JANIS aril/AZT premed the odeplieo of a bog
feria of resolutions, Woolson in aneher, et which notice
bad beat
_riven at the lea araeorkg, directly tradvonatory
of the oak of procedure mislod la the Court of Chaesery,
ad pls.:ging the society to Se adephea of various opiaiocs
both with newest to ibis s eat Me remedies for thus.
The motion having bees weeded,
Mr. HILL, Q C., ilipllllllllll direst from some ef the pro-
=eciataised It do realadeas ; and Mr. H. CLUiI
himself opflosed to the peeporal to pledge the society
by general resolutions to awy perionlar plea of law reform.
The MUM while hey Mt Mabel* fitheered weld be hand
to week beat fesatiemme ei o galitaim pilaw of
detail Satirised by these remimitme, sod dm peeper mob of
acting wee by reports, whish maid in &mei& oil ..ended
If mummy. He would mere as so omoodment, that these
resolationa would mere properly fora the silliest of a distinct
report.
Mr. Neese eseended the intendment, which WWI carried
after a brief diseareare, sad the beaten of the seating tar-
abutted.

OUR REPRESENTATIVE SYSTEM

Theta is a charm abont Scarborough apart from the
@Molar beauty of its situation, and the smoothness
of its hard, dry muds It
.offers to you what yes de-
sire and expect in a 'Mann( pkoa It it not&
Wailers, to tile eat-aide like Brighton, our a
ing village enlarged sad improved like Broadotairs.
Om! spa a time it war a town of narrow, steep, and
oceries abeste, needier under the old rock-built
' NNW issesterk.
Met hob lbstilemitil its psy Isttimsets.
andb or. played dso great a part in days et yere. Bat Beer-
hes been musk imperreditrMin the lest five-
amd-twatty years. Hamblin beam love up
in every direction; old plaosi. knee been
and as entirely new quarter bus bias founded cm a
cliff which all the world then&
until some one skilled in sgieserlogreemembst"ved
the bold idea of conaseting it with thetzisl an
airy bridge serous the wide revise that let

There vow to Ma IPSO lIMMI -
train Os dm% the keg wide" a leemes"
Ileoftrod above. bdow. some la We
slab.
Sem ea Ur um* et the Ink lie ma.
announce the new mums: resort of the fashion of
the north. No plans has been improved, in this ins-
till:vs tiol tare. * with
great: Veer& a_thi higher
rough dose not, in all respects, faint the promise
which it affords you to the eye. Bet its people are said
to be extortionate, and, politically, certainly, they
have net hitherto exhibited themselves es ia-
-4 halm the Reform DPI, was a corpo-
rationf4 in the loads of 3 bailiffs, 3 coroners,
4 emi 36 burgeons, the majority of
whom were emoted with a single family. Thir-
teen at the entire number were incapacitated from
raft by age, infirmity, distanee, or plass; so that
the 4e4 orate in reality satiated of 30. It had been
a custom for many years at Scarborough to select the
members from the &mills. of the Duke of Rutland
and the Earl of Mulgrave. Neither of tholes noblemen
were personally interested in the town, but they had
both held high functions with the court, and were
both able to confer sakes and favours, which were
the surest recommendation to a eorpcsrate constita.
ea,. In 1331 Mr. Marla Manners Sutton, the
Speaker, who was a moond-esesin to the Duke of
Roland, was returned for the 6th time for Soar-I
borough, and the Hon. Edward Phipps, an ants to
the resat Marquis of Normanby, took his seat for
the borough in the 10th parliament in which he had
served.

--When the borough was opened some of the electors
wore dairousofthrowiug offtlis trammels of the ancisat
interests. They selected as a candidate Sir George
Csyley, a neighbouring baroast, whose family,
had long been ranked amongst the friends of civil
and religious freedom. Sir John Johnstone, who
had been returned for Yorkshire on the whig interest
on Lord Brougham's elevation to the woolsack, also
presented himself. He lived in the • hbourhood,
and as a reformer of emsoocsidlocal In-
fluence, be was not unacceptable to the town. For
some time it was doubtful whether the Speaker would
again come forward. The Duke of Rutland, it was un-
derstood, was very desirous to maintain his interest
in the borough, but Mr. Manners Sutton, it afterwards
transpired, was selected to represent his Univerity.
As soon as this was decided, Colonel Sir Frederick
Trench appeared in the field. He was on terms of
very intimate friendship with the Duke of Rutland,
and had eat in previous parliaments as his grace's no-
minee for the town of Cambridge. At the time these
circumstances scarcely rendered him more acceptable
at Scarborough. and be was accordingly rejected by
upwards of 100 rotas, oat of about 350 which were
polled.
Scarborough, however, was not destined to preserve,
for any long peeled, its entire independence of
aristocratic domination. The tory party worked
hard between 1832 and 1835, and when the general
election occurred in that year, they stood prepared to
fight a mosesfal battle. Their &moss were improved
by the representative position of the borough at the
period. The electors had oertalnly been ill-served by
the members of their choice. It appears, by reference
to the votes of the " liberal members of Scarborough,
in the first reformed parliament," that " on a motion
Ito repeal the window duties, both were absent ! On
another motion to repeal the bona and window duties
both were absent! Oa a motion to discontinue naval
1 and military sinecure', one was absent, whilst the
other voted against ! On a motion to diminish public
burdens both were absent On a motion to redo.* the
Malt Tax one was absent, whilst the other voted for it
in the first instance, and against the very next night!
On a motion to inquire into the Pension List, both
were absent!" In fine, "on occasion of 116 divisions
on important question', one member was absent upon
94, and the other upon 100!" Having jointly 232
votes to give, they bad exercised their right and per-
formed their duty on 38 occasions !
In addition to all this, the position of Sir John
Johnstone was peculiarly anomalous. He had won
his way into parliament as an uncompromising re-
former, in doys when reform appeared to be trium-
phant. When divisions arose in the liberal ranks, his
began to trim hie nails. He expressed an opinion that
Lord Stanley was the first statesman of the day, and
gave evident indications of a desire to ride in " the
dilly." On the occasion of this election hn stood aloof
from his former liberal colleague, and hoisted an in-
dependent flag of his own. He said as little as pos-
sible in his canvass about general politics, but a great
deal on the subject of local interests. He trimmed
himself, in fact, to get votes from both sides, and to
be equally content with whichever colleague the elea
meats might give him.
The contest upon this occasion waxed extremely
fierce and acrimonious. Of all the peppery candi-
dates it ever was our lot to hear of, none ever came
up to Sir Frederick Trench. He took mortal offence
at everything that was done and said, and always
seemed to have his fingers twitching at the potent
keys of his pistol are. He replied personally to half
the rquibs that were issued spina him. Hs wee
nearly driven to desperation at a joke about
his eyeglass, and would hare shot anybody
dead who could have been proved the author
of • sally about his wig and padding.
This example imparted to the constituency and ti.e
contest a degree of rancour which could only exist in
a very small electorate. It mast have been hard
work for the Scarborough printers in those days.
The nsass of paperswe had to go through in reviewing
the history of this electios, imposed on us a labour of
no otdinary character. There was even a
established to support the cease. How itsneirlisC
escaped Hewlett* seems miraculous.
In 1836 the polls at borough elections were per-
mitted to be open two days. Virtually, however, the
eleetirm was almost invariably decided ea the first.
At the class of the first day's polling at
Scarborough, Sir Frederick Trench had polled 176
votes, Sir John Johnstone 161, and Sir George Ca y -
ley 122. It was complained by the party of the de-
feated caadidatu that. Sir John Johnstone might have
saved the election for the liberals. This, however,
does not appear to be made out. There is no doubt
that many of his friends split with the tory, bat Sir
George Cayky's minority was upon the whole too
great to lave been materially affected by this ciraun-
stases.
The Vayley party, however, determined upon re-
taliation. At the succeeding election in 1837 they
brought forward Si Charles Style, a son-in-law of
Sir Georp Cayll
succeedede to win against
either candidate.by a majoritLosUge
over Sir John Johnstone, who by this time had
a ooafirmed conservative, though not so much so es to
preclude his voting with either party when they
seemed likely to he Victorious. A carious illustration
of this gentleman's trimming propensities was given
in the early part of Sir Robert Peel's parliament.
Everybody recollects the maid for the Speakership.
when Mr. Aberaromb was elected by a majority of
10. On that Sir Jahn -Johnstone was
ass of the very few absentees. But though the ab-
solute result of this division was unfavourable to the
tory government, the majority against them was so
small that it was thought Sir R. Peal would be able
to retain power. Accordingly in the very next divi-
sion, Sir John Johnston* was found a sapporta. of
the government That he had miscalculate it is ma-
mmary now to state.
The defeat which Sir John Johnstone sustained in
1837 woo an extremely sore Inhisst. He applied.
every energy to redeem his radon. Day after day
satil the next giusell abeam be Wound iacessandy
in this borough. His expenditure amesgst the trader
people was and continues to be vary considerable.
That cininmstana could root bat have its eat& A

spina was also commamed by some of his
frisods at rendering pecuniary assistance, as
it-
be needed, to respectable and worthy
Small loans of 101. or 204 end
ems soma, ea the security of notes of band, were
Mal Nte saw mays worthy family from ruin."
Time bees kw net been lent, say Ste John John-
ston% whether la oar to get votes, but rather as a
taste keyed Idshassees. Of course, however, they
had the en* el Woke mew of gratitude from the
slaters whoa lbw bad an opportunity of evincing it.
It was not to be tremdered at, therefore, that in 1841
Sir John Modem should head the poll with
295 votes, Whig enly been able to muster 192 at the
'election
Darin:7l:6ll4nal Sir John Johnstone was at
work for himself ia Scarborough, the whigs, it must
be stated, were not lees actively engaged in promot-
ing their party interests. The ?denim* Reform Act
destroyed what osetainly was a monstrous grievance
in this borough—the inflames of its old, close,
nominee corporation. For years every. office in the
place bad been held by themselves, their friends and
dependents, and the influence thereby acquired had
been very peat. The whip now obtained the
ascendancy, and the municipal appointments were
vested in their own friends. But they did
more than this. Pasture land, as very fre-
quently happens at a seaport, is scares at
Scarborough. It is only up the valley in one direc-
tion that it is to be advantageously obtained at aIL
Now it happens that the Woods and Forests pos-
sum property clone to the town, which, in consequence
of this' dm-mammas, obtains a considerably increased
value. The lease of this estate happened, a few years
to
influence
in; the liberal party determined to get it.
Theh theinfluence of Sir George Cayley they
the soosossafel competitors. How it was ar-
ranged is net altogether clear, but the tories do sot
hesitate to say that it was a whig job, and that sufficient
time was allowed to communicate with Scarborough,
between the opening of the tenders and their aocept-
anbe at Whitehall. Be this as it may, the matter is of
little consequence, far the use made of the property is
the point. No sooner was the land obtained than the
whigs proceeded to let it out to their own friends. In
a watering-place them are always hereof fly.drivers,
donkey-keepers, milkmen, and people of that class, to
whom the possession of a piece of pasture laud close
to the town is an inestimable advantage. A whig
voter of this *lass was able to get a slice of the Woods
and Forests property without much trouble, and upon
reasonable terms. He holds it, however, during good
behaviour; so at a general election he always looks
oat for the right man.
The right man in 1841 was the Hon. Col. Phipps,
now secretary to Prince Albert. Sir Charles Style
was woes to relinquish his seat, and the Scar-
borough liberals, looking out for a new candidate,
thought they might obtain increased influence by in-
troducing a member of one of the old families. CA
Phipps was decidedly the beet candidate Scarborough
ever had, and it is mach to bengretted that he did
not succeed. Sir Frederick Trench's connexion, com-
bined with the Johnstone influence, proved too strong
for him, and he was beaten on the poll, though only
by a majority of 18.
Colonel Phipps endeared himself to his supporters
at Scarborough, and there is no doubt would have
been very triumphantly returned in 1847. But at
the commencement of that year he accepted a post
which precluded further pursuit of parliamentary and
political distinction. So samiesefully, however, had
his party worked, that when the last general election
came, although Colonel Phipps was no longer in
the field, Sir Frederick Trench thought it prudent
to retire. He relinquished the representation on
the ground of ill health and a desire to retire from
the public service. The tories tried in vain to obtain
a candidate. Mr. W. Ewart Gladstone examined the
register, and mistrusted the place both on the grounds
of success and expenditure. He thought the chances
doubtful, and had fears that the large sums required
from the candidates could not altogether be correctly
spmt. Mr. Gladstone having declined, Sir Fitzroy
Kelly was asked to stand. He had less scruple about
the expenditure, bat entertained equal doubts as to
the victory. For some time, however, he wavered
with respect to Scarborough, but at length elected to
stand for Lyme, where be was beaten and something
1/01110.

The candidate .elected by the liberals was the
Earl of Mulgrave, Lord Normanby's son, and, what
was more important to the electors of Scarborough,
Col. Phippe's nephew. He came in without opposi-
tion, with Sir John Johnstone fora colleague. Should
his lordship obtain a parliamentary reputation, he
may hold the seat for years to oome, but in any other
case he will probably be exposed to a severe contest
at the next election.

For the constituency of Scarborough is essentially
unsound. In consequence of the extension of thei
town and its increase as a watering-place, the electo-
rate has doubled itself within the last ten years, andl
at present consists of upwards of 800 registered voters.
But the property of the town is constantly changing
hands. People come and take • house either to oc-i
cup 7 or to let—they remain a couple of years, recruit
their health in the one ease, or relinquish their
speculation in the miler—and another change
ensues. These changes, which have been greatly
increasing since; 1841, set at defiance ordi-
nary political specula' ion. This clams of voters
too, are not generally people of Aron* political bias.
Probably in the majority of cases they would vote for
the most influential man. The result is that it be-
comes exceedingly difficult to calculate the result of
an election : perhaps, indeed, there is no place in the
country with reepect to which it is less possible to
decide at this moment bow parties would really stand
upon a coned, though certainly the probabilities are
that the liberals have the upper hand.
As regards expenditure at Scarborough, except by
the indirect means already described, there has on no
occasion been that direct and systematic system of
bribery which prevails at other places. Treating,
however, has been practised by all parties to a con-
siderable extent. The candidate to whom the bo-
rough has been most costly on all occasions has been
Sir John Johnstone. He must have disbursed ve7
heavy sums at the Scarborough elections, though it .5
difficult to say bow much. Bir Frederick Trench's
contests here may have cost on an average about
1,5001. Sir Charles Style spent 1,0001. in 1837:
Phipps's contest in 1841 is believed to have cost com-
paratively • very small amount.
The money in Scarborough chiefly goes in agency
charges—which is little better than bribing an
attorney and his relatives—in colours, music, re-
ifreshments for committee, and sash like " constitu-
time& "if not absolately " legal " expenses. Gene-
ral allegations of corruption, of a worse character,
have been, of coarse, bandied about by both parties,
but they ap to rest entirely ffOU suspicion.
As s Sir John Johnston.'. interest, however,
we confess that it seems difficult materially to distin-
guish it from the old boroathmongering system of the
period antecedent to the Reform Act. This gentle-
man is elected upon no avowed principle—as the
representative of no stated course of policy. He gets
into parliament by the suffrages of the tradespeople
with whom he deals, and of others upon whom he
confers obligation. A liberal expenditure in beef
and mutton : good round bills for groceries and
cheesemoogery : prompt payment, and no *twilling
at the items : presents of game, and assistance to poor
voters : these are, in sum and substance, what Sir
John Johnstone represents in parliament. Were he
obliged to cease his expenditure in ficarbormigh, he
would have few supporters in the borough—none
from principle, comparatively few from personal
feeling, and, very likely, fewer still from gratitude for
put favours. For the venal constituent who accepts,
te by no means the foremost to return, an obligation.

IRELAND.
Dumas., Pas. 12.
The rumour every day gains ground that we are to
have a Vioe-Cbanoellor. There certainly must be
some important change in the equity coats of this
country, for, as :hap are at present managed, the
arrear of business in the Court of Chancery is fearful
to contemplate. Amongst the names mentioned for a
vios-clumelloe are those of the Lord Chief Baron,
nod his lamed,' collapse, Barons Lefroy and
Richards. In case that Chief Baron Pigot were
made vice-ohancellcr, it is said that the pay-
ment Chaaaeller would be anxious to ro-
ams hes old pia in the Court of Exchequer,
se that allee Is permanent. while the tenure of the
ebsosellorebip bite oily with the cabinet. It is cer-
tainly believed that if Sir James Grattan had joined
the -proment ainletry, step would hate been taken
to make Mr. Blackburn Lord Chancellor.
The Doty trial drags its slow length along. Ere-
limiaary arguments have not concluded yet.

3

Mr. John Hilliles,editor of the Waterford Chroaiele,
and who has been three or four mouths in Cloning
gaol for political offences, has been liberated on bail.
John Hughes, who was a fruit merchant in Dublin.
has also been kt oat of Waterford gaol.

ATTINTT TO AJOLUDIATI A MAGI STOLTZ. -n• Leiws-
ta states that " Between the hours of eleven and
twelve o'ckck on last Saturday night J. 8. Slott Esq. of
Ltaesdowne, was fired at near We own gate. Th. bell
pawed thrmgh the 'Appel* sad breast of kis eoat carrying
away a portion of some letters he had in his breast coat
pocket We feel happy to state the respected gentleman
vu sot wouided."