The Express.
London, England, 1862-11-04 00:00:00

HIGH WAS/LSAT LONDON SMOGS.

its DA 35m.
TO-ZOOROW—MORIOL ii. On.....llflerasoo. lh. !Om

LONDON, TUESDAY, NOVEMBER 4.

Ir is evident now that the country is awaken-
ing from day to day to a sense of the appalling
condition of the Lancashire people ; but the march
of the calamity is more rapid still than the awakening.
What can be done to hasten the fair measuring of
our strength with the demand upon it
Let every one who comprehends the actual case
set to work without a moment's delay to make
everybody within his reach comprehend it too.
The Irish famine was not so long ago that we
can have forgotten the signs and tokens of the
coming of the inevitable fever. Do we not re-
member how neighbour looked twice at each
other before they were sure whom they were
speaking to, from the change in the expression of
the face caused by hunger 1 Do we not remember
the spectacle of the donkey-load of little ch'drer,
too weak to walk, who were in panniers on each
side, looking out like birds from a neat, and cer-
tainly like nothing human—their hands like
claws, their eyes starting, and their sunken cheeks
thickly covered with yellow down—the monstrous
product of hunger ? We need not go on. It is
enough to say that this is what the Lancashire
children will look like, and their parents, too, if we
do not see to it that they are better fed and
warmed than they are now. And the hovering
fever will pounce upon them, and carry them off
by thousands, if we do not instantly inter-
cept it. There is typhus fever raging at
Preston now ; there is low fever spreading
at Wigan ; and everywhere in the distressed
district there is the low condition of body—the
chill, weakly temperament and depressed nerve—
which precedes the fever as surely u the grey,
chill of the air precedes the snowstorm on their
own hills. For a long time past the people have
been insufficiently fed. One of the main suffer-
ings from hunger is the cold which it produces.
Food is warmth ; and now, just when the people
are chill from that cause, they have no means of
keeping themselves warm in the ordinary way.
They are thinly clad, and they have no bedding in
which they can get warm enough to sleep. The
clothing process seems to be going on better than
any other part of the relief. It is impossible to
do too much, but the provision of clothing is in-
creasing, we trust, rapidly. The main point is
the food.

We must remember that these people are not
like the potato-eating Irish of aixteen years ago.
The Irish had lived all their lives on potatoes and
butter-milk, and, as the doctors add, fresh air.
The Lancashire operatives have lived in plenty,
and have been noted for their free expenditure on
food. Throughout the country our mechanics and
operatives are regarded as the great eaters, and
the class who make the greatest point of their food
being not only plentiful but luxurious. The air
and work of the factory have something to do with
this ; but, whatever the causes, the fact should
make us consider the evil and danger in their case
of a sudden change and a protracted decline into a
state of semi-starvation. The nation has had many
months' warning, and now the peril is upon us.
We shall not escape with impunity now, whatever

Whatever view is taken as to the best way of
supplying the need, the fact which all England has
now to proceed upon is, that the Lancashire suf-
ferers are under-fed, that their allowances are not
enough for their needs, when individually received
and spent. No leas clear is the prospect of a great
sickness and mortality if a plan of good diet is not
immediately instituted. Sufficient clothing and
bedding must be provided also ; but the most
' urgent necessity is a sufficiency of food, eaten in
comfort and with • relish. Do let us try wnether
we cannot accomplish this as a free-will work at
least as well as a dictator or a Parliament could
do it.

Or Court.

OSBORNE. Nov. 3.

The Grand Duke of Baden left Osborne this
morning, and visited Portsmouth Dockyard on his way to
London.

Earl Granville and Lord Stanley of Alderley returned to
town on Saturday evening from Osborne, Isle of Wight.
Despatches were sent yesterday from the Colonial-office
to the Governors of Malta, Gibraltar, Ceylon, Hong Kong,
and Labuan.

The Duke of Devonshire and Lady Louisa Caven-
dish arrived at Chatsworth yesterday from Hardwick Hall,
Derbyshire. The Marquis of Hartiogton was expected at
Chatsworth yesterday from Canada.
The Duke of Newcastle has arrived at Thomas's
Hotel, Berkeley-pure, from Clamber Park, Nottingham-
sh've.

The Duchess of Grafton has arrived at the family
mansion in Piccadilly, from Easton Ball, Thetford, No. -
folk. His gr. *is staying at Wakefield Lodge.
The Earl and Countess of Craven left Charles-
street yesterday for their seat, Coombe Abbey, near Coven-
try, for a few days. The Ladies Craven have left town for
Ashdown° Park, Berks.

The Earl of Chesterfield, the Earl of Glasgow,
the Earl of Wincb;lses, the Doke and Duchess de Coigny,
and Mr. Hughes of Kinmel have arrived at the St. George's
Hotel.

Lord Stanley of Alderley Las left town for Alder•
ley Perk, Chesbire.

Lord and Lady Abercromby have arrived at
Thomas's Hotel, Berkeley-square, from Paris.
Lord and Lady Ashburton will leave Bath House
to-morrow morning on a 000tinental tour.
Lord Frederick Cavendish left Devonshire House
yesterday for Chatsworth. Derbyshire.
Lady Fitz-Herbert and Miss Fitz-Herbert have
arrived at Farranee's Hotel. from Tissiegton flail, Ash-
bourne.

The Right Hon. Laurence Sulivan and the
Misses &liven, and Mr. Denby Seymour, M.P., bare ar-
rived in town from visiting Viscount and Viscountess
Pabnerstan at BreaMande.

It is reported—we cannot say upon what autho-
rity—that Lord Elgin is about to return to England, and
that the Duke of Argyll is to nomad him.

At a meeting at Exeter, for the relief of the dis-
tress in Lancashire, the Duke of Somerset adverted to the
war in America, and spoke apologetically for both parties,
reminding the meeting that even if the two parties wished
to put an end to the war the question of boundary would be
a serious difficulty in their way. He hoped, however, that
the war would be at an sod before another winter, and in
the meantime it was for Englishmen to show their national
unity by subscribing liberally to the relief of the distressed.

Brighton had a meeting yesterday to raise funds
for the relief of Lancashire distress. Both the members for
the borough, Mr. Conyngham and Mr. White, were present,
and made speeches in support of the resolutions for raising
funds.

" S. G. 0." observes that if northern want is
left to the present IMMIX of supply, it will assume features
too frightful to contemplate :—" In the exercise of what I
believe to be true charity, I entreat the benevolent of every
class to calmly contemplate the possible exigencies of the
coming winter. A prudent, foreseeing economy in every
household from which God in goodness has kept all
knowledge of real want, at once adopted, will find us pre-
pared to do our duty to north and south. Never shall we
regret any sacrifloe which leave, to us the power of helping
to the last of the crisis the poor mill hands, and this with
power still lett to fulfil every charitable duty nearer home,

We (Times) regret to learn that there is only the
very slightest foundation for the report lof Mies Night-
ingale's restoration to health. She is able to remove from
one place of residence to another—a very few miles—once
a year, bat she is scarcely able to leave her bed in the
intervals, and quite unable to struggle with the flood of
corrwqmodenoe sod applications of all kinds which the re-
port of her partial recovery has brought upon her.

W. to N. freeh to BOOTLAID.
moderate.
As above. LILA=

&W. to W.N.W., W. CENTRAL.
fresh to moderate.
AA next above. &W.ItataLAND.
AS above. && I:Neu=
N.W. to N.E., mode- E. extatrr.
rate, floe.

THORSDAT.
N.W. to N.&, mode-

N.N.W. toKN.E. mo-

_...., _...
aerate tone.
W.N. W. to N.N.L,
moderate to floe.
Ai nest above.
As above.
N.N.W. to Z.N.E.,mo-
desste, Ana

The kingdom of Greece is the fifth monarchy
which has disappeared during the last few years. King
Otho represents the tenth sovereign family sent into exile
following the Wass of Sweden, the Bourbons of Spain,
those of Naples and Parma, the house of Este of Modena,
that of Dori Pedro in Portugal, the Bourbons of France, the
d'Orleans, the Grand Ducal family of Tuscany. These ten
families reckon more than 90 members, without including the
husbands and wives belonging to other sovereign houses.
Prince Freilerick William and the Princess Royal
I have made during their excursion a voyage to Tunis. Their
royal bighneues intended to pass many days at Naples.
The New York Tribune of the 20th ult, says :
" A great sensation was created among the Freemasons of
Connecticut a few days ago, occasioned by Mr. Charles
Stratton, alias General Tom Thumb, being initiated, passed,
and raised to the sublime dogma of a master mason in St.
John's Lodge, No. I, of Bridgeport. The hall was crowded
to excess to witness the interesting ceremonies. It is des
to the general's reputation to state that he bore the trials,
mentally and physicaUy, in a manner that would have re-
flected honour on a greater man. The Freemasons boast that
men of the highest social position and greatest talent have
been enrolled in their institution, but we doubt whether
their records will show another so small a specimen of
humanity entitled to be greeted u a brother. The general
announces his intention of joining the Knighte Template at
• convenient sauce."

The next steamers from America to arrive are
the Ream sod City of New York from New York, and
the Hiberelas, all of which were to leave cm the 25th of
October.

"Although the examination of the wound by the
finger and the probe was rendered incomplete
through the pain occasioned to the patient, and
failed to establish the presence of the projectile, yet
from the critical signs obtained by examination and
otherwise, it is the present opinion of the doctors
assembled in consultation that the ball exists in the
wound.

"It will therefore be necessary to repeat the exa-
mination at a more opportune moment, and de-
termine the precise position of the ball ; and, if
possible, extract it without occasioning dangerous
consequences or serious lesions. At present the
case calls for no surgical operation whatever."
Dr. Pirakoff, one of the first operating surgeons
in Russia—well known for a great operation which
bears his name, a partial removal of the foot—saw
the case to-day with Mr. Partridge ; and as M.
Pirakoll s experience was acquired by the treat-
ment of several thousand gunshot' injuries in the
Crimea, it must be admitted that no more valu-
able assistance could present itself than his advice.
He concurs completely with Dr. Partridge, not
alone as to the nature of the case, but in every
detail of the treatment. He advises a total absence
of all interference by the knife, cold water dressings
to the wound, more fresh air for the sick man, and
fewer visitors. Generous diet, tranquillity, and
less of that sympathy which takes a personal
form and manifests itself in hand-squeezings and
tears, and I have heard sometimes in
kisses. These both the English and the Rus-
sian surgeon are disposed to regard as preju-
dicial to the General's recovery, and entreat that
for the future they may be discontinued. Mr.
Partridge leaves to-night, in weather as fearfully
stormy and threatening as that he arrived in. He
carries with him every good wish of those who sur-
round Garibaldi, and who, with all the jealousy of
foreign interference, are yet far from insensible to
the delicacy and tact of a consummate surgeon
and an accomplished gentleman.

()SON OUR OWN CORRISPONDENT.)
TURIN, Ocr. 31.

Professor Ndlaton brought with him to Turin
a letter from M. Drouyn de Lhuys to M.
Benedetti, with urgent instructions to the re-
presentative of France to make such arrange-
ments that M. Nelaton might, without loss
of time, visit the most popular man of the day,
and give him the benefit of his extraordinary
skill. It wal no doubt surprise you that
a minister so devoid of liberal ideas, and so much
opposed to Italian unity, should manifest so
much sympathy with one who has devoted his life
to the accomplishment of this unity. The enigma
is, however, explained as follows :—M. Drouyn
de Lhuys was at Monte Video when Garibaldi filled
that part of the New world with the fame of his heroic
achievements in favour of liberty. He had the op-
portunity of taking a near view of this great
Italian, who, though calm and gentle in private
life, was like a lion on the field of battle. What
he then saw made a deep impression on his mind
and though his opinions are now widely different
from those of Garibaldi, he remembers former
times and former occurrences with a pleasure that
he does not attempt to conceaL Count Walewaki,
also, was under the bewitching influence of Geri-
baldi's heroism and virtue in America.

"Gastronomists," says Ga/ignani, " will be glad
to hear that truffles are unusually abundant this year. In the
market at Perigoeux, a few days back, they were sold at
the unusually low prim of 21r. a pound. Speaking of this
aristocratic sertoeing, it reminds one of the Brilist-Savarin's
maxim on the subject, although altogether too selfish for
general taste :—' To sojoy • trollied turkey the company
should not exceed two—the turkey and yourself.'"

This was an action to recover damages in consequeoce of
some oats having been badly stowed on board the ship
Imperial, and consequently injured. At the trial at Guild-
hall the jury found fur the plaintiff for 1321.
Mr. Serjeant She, now move d for a noosnit, and said that
the oats were stowed by stevedores employed by the plain.
tiffs, but who were udder the orders of the master. The
learned counsel refin.ed at length to the tetras of the
charter-party, and contended that the defendants were not
liable for the damage done.
Rule granted.
THREE TOWNS BRITISH MUTUAL DEPOSIT LOAN SOCIETY
(LIMITED) V. D 0141: ♦ND OTHERS. —CONSTRUCTION OF •
BOND. _ _

This was an action upon a bond given to secure a loan,
and at the trial before the county court judge at East
&alehouse the verdict wu for the plaintiff for 211.
Mr. Thrupp now moved for a rule to increase the
damages by adding 11. 7s. fid., and said that although the
amount in question was small, the principle involved was
of importance, inasmuch as the secretory bad many
bonds which were in the same terms, and the ques-
tion was what they _ were entitled to charge
under them. This bond provided that payment
should be made by payments of 11. 7s. a month, and that in
case of default there should be a payment of la. for each
and every pound of such monthly instalments in arrow.
The county court judge held that the society was only
entitled to ls. for each whole pound in arfear, and were
to have nothing for any fraction of a pound.
The secretary, however, claimed to be paid proportionally
for fractions of a pound, and wished for the opinions of
their lordships upon the matter.
The court was of opinion that the county court judge
was right in his construction of the bond.
Hule refused.