The Express.
London, England, 1846-09-15 00:00:00

THE SANTA FE EXPEDITION.

An express from Gen. Kearney's camp at Bent's Fort,
arrived at Fort Leavenworth on the 14th inst. The express
left Gen. Kearney on the 19th of July. Gen. Kearney, with
his command, consisting of several companies of U. S. Dra-
goons, the let Regiment of Missouri Volunteers, under Col.
Doniphan, and the battalion of Volunteer Artillery, under
Major Clark, sent out from Bent's Fort for Santa Fe on the
Ist day of August. The troops were all in excellent health
and spirits. There had been but one death up to the time
the express left. A general stampede took piece among the
horses two days before the express left, and at the time of
his leaving, about fifty horses, chiefly belonging to the
volunteers, were missing, and it was feared they would
not be recovered. This will operate severely on those who
have lost their horses, for in the event of their not re-
covering them, they will have to travel on foot. A short
time before the express left, Captain Moore, of the U. S.
Dragoons, captured three spies, who had been sent out from
Santa Fe to ascertain the character, extent, &c., of the
United States force. After their capture, and their purpose
was ascertained, by the orders of General Kearney they
were shown all over the army, and after they had seen
everything, they were dismissed, and permitted to return to
Santa Fe. From these men, and also from other sources, it
had been ascertained satisfactorily that there would be no
resistance made to General Kearney's taking possession of
Santa Fe. In fact, it is said that the Mexicans were
anxiously awaiting the arrival of the army, believing that
it would furnish them a harvest in the way of trade, and
protection from the troublesome Indians in their vicinity.
There were no troops at Santa Fe nor in the upper pro-
vinces, and none were expected. Governor Armijo bad issued
a proclamation, in which he states that the existing hos-
tilities between the United States and Mexico will not inter-
rupt the trade between the United States and Santa Fe ;
that in all respects it shall be conducted as if the war did not
exist. This, of itself, is a sufficient indication that Governor
Armijo does not intend to offer resistance to Gen. Kearney.
—Our informant states, that the ladies of Santa Fe were
making extensive preparations for the reception of the
United States troops; and some of them expected to be per-
mitted to go with the expedition to California. Prepara-
tions were making for fandango dances and other sports.—
It is said that Gen. Kearney will stop at Santa Fe until Col.
Price's regiment arrives there. That, upon their arrival,
that regiment, or a portion of it, will be left to occupy Santa
FE and other important points in the vicinity, and Gen.
Kearney, with the residue of the force, will proceed imme-
diately to California.—St. Louis Republican, Aug. 21.

CONDITION AND PROSPECT 3 OF MEXICO.—The
present state of the contest between the United States and
Mexico, suggests matter for anxious consideration, not only
to the English merchants and bondholders (whose property
and capital to a vast amount are invested in the Mexican
funds or embarked in commercial establishments through-
out the Mexican Union), but to the British government,
which cannot view with indifference the progress of a war,
which may in its results determine the balance of power
in the western hemisphere. The troops of the tufted

States, victorious in nearly every instance, ate advandagio,
the heart of the country, and if unchecked by trety,.
the mediation of a neutral power, they will most
dictate their own terms of peace as conquerors.
direct accession of territory (considerably beyond riot
Grande) will no doubt be the first condition itupeeed by pa,
sident Volk, and it will be well if one or more indepsokig
republics (independent but in name) are not carved oat se
the Mexican deco nions ; iu addition to these, dipulatiesk
extremely favourable to the trade, commerce, at :I male%
of the United States, may naturally be looked for, t; the n&
judice more especially of the &hie!' merchants, v. 1.010,
hitherto maintained a leading part in the trade s !oag
Mexican coasts. I should be inclined tusay, that '.fists
successful acc impliabinent of their views in the :1,
the annexation of Texas, the partial conquest of M. 4e rug
the extension of theirouumiTee in those seas, the Cabs*
of Washington and the leadir.g men of the Union. fad„
nartslnggwthilh‘Oillrea, ont
BtrihtSille °°"111",
assume oat tuannye twat
endanger artiool
endunger the peaceful relation, of the two eountrie e;
this all, they will certainly look with a more Jeal. .1 Ili
on their northern frontier, and both in the Br:teel. !Atli
of Oregon, and in Upper and Lower Canada, amp.. sutls
rials exist that may afford them an opportunity of es cruise
their claims as arbiters of the American continent. lf cry
examine the actual condition of Mexico, we can find as
ground for hope that they (the Mexicans) can make effeetau
resistance against the American troops. A gwerumeat
without force or cheracter, not possessing the public respect,
and subject to frequent and sudden revolutions, boa uo Intim
of inspiring confidence, or of avulsing the, energies energiesoftles
State for its own defence,. The Mexican army. though
merous, has shown itself to be lamentably deficient is the
more active qualities of the soldier. The indolent and eon
men of the South are no match for the hardy ritleoe,
and hunters of Kentucky, Texas, and the Bord. r Sta.rt
the Union, nor have they yet learnt to make up by skfilugg
discipline for the deficiency of their physical force. Al
abound ng iu wealth, yet is the state 03 the verge of
ruptcy, and the vast riches of the empire will only serve y
inflame the avarice of their enemies. This leads me ti es,„
Sider what are the prospects of, what is the destiny Reshot
the Mexican Conte deratien ? Let ua suppose, lc.teingue
the best, that the victorieus Americans e .1 leo
the cession of a large district on their fronts,
will retire without exacting harder terms ; judging hem i
experience of the last seventy years, we can only look forms/
to a succession of ephemeral governments, dnetrecti,.g ies
state by turns, each lasting only until wine turbulent edit
overthrows it an./ seizes the reins himself, the state a prey o
internal dissensions, and a rource of discord to foreign natio,
It is the interest of the British government to endeuvour
guard against such a state of things, not enly by offense
to mediate on the present occasion, but by using
their influence to effect a more permanent Pettis
meat of the Mexican form of government; the ene
rienco of many years has shown that there is nut is
Mexico, a national spirit adequate to sustain the due week,
leg cf republican institutions. It is the opinion of nifty
experienced statesmen that a monarchy modified by come
tntional forms is the best, and, indeed, the only form of
govereenent capable of securing to Mexico interuulpeate aeg
external independence; a prince apprueed of by the usiew,
and in alliance with forerga states would offer the aura
guarantee of the public credit, and the best safe-guars
reg.. inst foreign aggression.
Srpt. 12. Pao -Cox set.

COLONIAL.
CANADA.

Our files of Montreal papers are to the 29th ci
August. Their political news are not of mark or moment
The Morning Courier of the 28th says, in its Packet Sum.
may—" Political affairs remain in Oulu quo, although it is
generally believed that some further overtures have bus
made by Mr. Draper to the leaders of the French Canadian
party; they have not been attended with success, and Mr.
Draper, it is raid, went oil to Saratoga to a grand mugsa
rude—preferring the polka to polities. Of the latter it may
be presumed he is getting as sick as the people are of hi
blunders. Most of the other ministers are absent has
town."

The following extract expresses, we doubt not, the fishnet
of the Conservative party in Montreal; we suspect Mr. Buda
is the only Whig whom the Courier would let down*
gently :
" Great anxiety generally prevails in the colony relatire to
the appointment of a successor to Earl Cathcart, r
Governor-General. It is generally believed that his lordship
will be recalled, and the colonists feel that a very great deal
depends on the character of his successor. 'lbis is use of toe
most important epochs in colonial history, and the eyelet. of
the next year will in ell probability decide the fate of Canada
for the next two centuries. Under these circumstances the
character of the representative of the Crown is of all import-
ance. He ought to be a man acquainted with commercial atilein
to a considerable eau ut, and at the same time a politician, alio
understands the mode in which representative and napousi•
ble government is worked in Englund, and who will carry
out the same system in Canada. Ile must at the same tier
be a man of the most determined resolution, accustomed to
judge for himself, and who will not yield one io:a when be
knows that he is constitutionally right. He ought also to a
a man of easy access and conciliating manner., and of a
liberal disposition withal. We do not want a man to coma
to Canada, whose only consideration is how much money be
can save out of his official income. We trust that the new
ministry are impressed with a sense of the necessity of
paying more attention to colonial affairs than they liars
hitherto done, and wo.are the more readily, inclined to think
they will from the composition of the colonial office, Mt.
Charles Buller knows probably more of Canada than any
other English politician, but ho is not popular hero with the
Conservative party, and is generally thought to be rather
too crotchetty. '
Montreal continues to be disgraced by savage feuds be.
tween the ltibsndmcn and Orangemen; and unles feu
makes men exaggerate, the antipathy felt by the former to
the latter is beginning to extend to all l'rotestants. A lit.
Clark Leonard was brutally murdered by an Irish mob re
the Course of St. Pierre immediately atter the close of the
first day's races, on the 19th of August. From the evidence
given on the inquest, it appear* that a band of ruffians bad
sought him out on the course and beat him to death with
clubs. The only person who had the courage to inter-
fere on his behalf was a young girl of the name of Mary
Carroll, who thus simply told the story of her own iutrepe
dity : " I remained on the course, until the last race ass
run. I saw a large number of men with sticks in their hands
beating some person. I did not know who it was, (erne was s
stranger to me, nor do I know the persons who were beating
him. I saw him fall on his hands and face in a drain : while
on the ground, I saw him struck. I ran into the crowd, to
help him, for I saw the blood streaming down his left ride.
I threw myselfon him to save him : I was pushed off. I then
returned to my brother and went home." The only ofiince
known to have been given by Leonard to his murderers was
that he (originally a native of the United States) had enter-
tained a number of Orangemen at breakfast some time
before. The coroner's jury, after a protracted and deems.
filmset° investigation, returned a verdict of wilful murder
against four or five individuals, and haaded the following
letter to the coroner

" We, the jurors assembled on the coroner's inquest, holden
on the body of the late Clarke Leonard, deem it incumbent
upon us, to express our great recrit that those to whom the
conservation of the peace is confided, did nut adept more
efficient means fir the msintenance of peace and good
order, on the lira and second days of the late
races, on the St. Pierre race-couese. We are
further of opinion, that a hi asy responsibility at-
taches to these arties in corm, xion with the vio-
lent death of Mr. Leonard, being . firmly eons incest.
that a judicious disposition of the same free of mounted
police officers, as that present on the Let day of the raw,
even without the presence of the military, would have ren-
dered the perpetration of such an outrage as that in *Skit
the deceased met his death, highly improbable." The want
of proper police in Montreal appears indeed to be most
discreditable. The Montreal Times mentions a number of
outrages which have been perpetrated unchecked by loth
factious. It is lamentable that our Irish countrymen
should insist upon ke: ping up their blood feuds in a country
where there is not the shadow of a grievance on Other side.
In the United States it is the saute. To their clannish spirit
and invincible taste for faction fights they owe the invete-
rate dislike of the "Native Americans."
ELOGICLNCI Or THE MoNTILEAL Tows CorNCTL.—TRE
CANADIAN TeLLY.—The Town Council of M"ntreul rijoices
in an orator who bears the inspiring name of Tully. Biro
is a specimen of his style:—
" Councillor Gorrie was astonished at the remarks made
by Councillor Tully.
' Councillor Tuity—You need not (rising). You need not,
sir. (Hear, hear.)
" Councillor Lolly thouplit it was grossly wrong forCoun•
cillor Tully to make use art such language. The present was
no place to bully.
" Councillor Tully (grasping a tumbler in his hand with
great agitation)—Order, order, you ruffian, order ! (Closers,
and cries of encore in the gallery.)
" Alderman Lunn—l beg to move that we do now ad-
journ.
" Councillor Tully—No, no; we will not be driven cut.
" Mr. Mills rose and said the language which lisd been
need by Councillor Tully was not according to the tolls, of
the house.

" After making a reply to the mayor, which, front the
confusion, we were unable to bear, Councillor Tully kit."

NOVA SCOTIA.

THE COMMENCESIE:k.'T OF Silt JIMIN IIARVES'S
REIGN. - We have files from Halifax to the 3rd instant.
Sir John Harvey arrived there, in the steam-ship
Unicorn, from Newfoundland, on the morning of the _"9th
of August. He landed a little after ten ; was Tees i%td he a
great concourse, " no boisterous cheer," asp the Halifax
Morning Post, "breaking the imi owing elkct of the cere-
mony ;" mounted, according to the same authority, "on a
et black charger;" and rode straight to the Council Cham-
ber. There he "fa received by the Executive Council and
the members of the legislature, the Lord Bishop, and the
Chief Justice of Nova Scotia, with other notables. Major-
General Sir Jeremiah Dickson proclaimed, and Sir Rupert
George administered the oaths to the new Governor, who
thereupon " took his seat on the throne, and in due form, at
ten minutes past eleven, assumed command as Lieutenant-
Governor and Commander-in-Chief."
Sir John's tact was soon tried. He had been expected to
arrive a fortnight sooner, and a congratulatory address
had been sent, nobody exactly knew by whom, for
signature to various stores. As it was not anticipated
that time would be allowed for more regal'sr
proceedings, the public were inclined to acquiesce in this
arrangement ; but when it was known that two full weeks
were to elapse before the Governor's arrival, a number of the
inhabitants wished to have the address initiated and adjusted
at a public meeting. A meeting accordingly was held on
Tuesday, the Vith of August, at which objections were
taken by sonic leading liberals to the phraseology of some
parts of the address, as haring a tendency to compromise

them. .Zr. A. M. Uniacke and other Conservatives refused
toll at of any change, because having already signed one
address, they said it would be stultifying, th.anselves to sign
another. A committee was appointed by the majority of the
meeting to draft another address, and report to an adjourned
meetn. Of, Friday, 21st August, the draft report was
approved, and nix sub committees appointed to procure sig-
natures iu each of the six wards of Halifax. On Tuesday,
the Ist of September, Mr. Uniacke and 84 of his friends
(chiefly office-holders) met, and signed the original
addles, The Mayor of Halifax, on recount of the
dicisi u, declined to present either. Tile " original
address" was presented the same day, at half-past
twelve; the citizens' address, at one P.N. To the offl-ials,
Sir John spoke as a man in office : " Permit me to say to
coo, gentlemen, that the assurance of your support, now so
Frankly and ki.dly tendered to me, leaves me nothing to
appr,fieud es to the result of those endeavours which 1 on
my part pledge myself zealously to devote to your service."
To tae citizens with frankness and cordiality : " If I had
sem- among yin altogether a stranger, and wholly un-
known, I might indeed with reason have shrunk from the
difficulties of such a position; but hailed as my appointment
has been by this community, cheered by welcome as I have
found myself by all classes of the inhabitants of this pro- ,
Muci dcapital, I should feel myself unworthy of the marks I
of coniidence and good will wt.ich have already been
bestowed upon me, if I were to allow myself to entertain
any doubt that my earnest endeavours to promote your
interests will meet with that success which the hearty co
operation of her Majesty's loyal subjects has elsewhere
invariably conferred upon them. Gentlemen,—Hence
forward we urn not strangeta to each other, but fellow-
citizens and tellow-sotjects, governor and governed, alike
pledged to exert all our energies in the promotion of the
object common to us all : the peace, harmony, happiness, and
prosperity of Nova Scotia."
SirJehn appears to have taken care not to have too much or
confidential talk with the presenters of the " original
stilt eat." Ile kept them waiting for a few minutes, and on
enuring addressed them abruptly and good humouredly :
s• Gentlemen, I am afraid I have not been so punctual as I
usually am, and as I ought to be ; but the fact is, there is
not a clock in this building, except one, I believe, which is in a
dark corner where nobody can ace it." This address had the
effict of producing much merriment, and put everybody in
very good humour, in which his Excellency joined, end
immediately turning back, asked for the copy of the reply to
the teldress, which being handed to him, he read it aloud.
By the time this ceremony was over, the gentlemen with the
citizens' address were at the door, and the officials were
bowed out. Sir John is embarked on a sea that will require
all his skill in steering.

NEWFOUNDLAND.
Our despatches from this colony are to the 25th of
August. The newspapers are unanircuus iu their cordial
expression of thanks to their countrymen at " home " and
in the sister colonies for their prompt contributions to
reli:vk the sufferer; by the late fire. The (Newfoundland)
Times of 22nd August Pays : " We arc happy to learn, and
our fellow-suffers rs will also be glad to hear, that arrange-
ments are being mule for the distribution (in the early part
of nest wick) of the funds transmitted for the relief of the
sufferers by the late fire. We know not at present the
result 'if the deliberations which have been entertained
durin7 the week respecting appropriations. The following
are the names of the commissioners appointed for receiving
applications for relief from the sufferers by the late tire,
and after due inquiry to report on the same for the informa-
tion of his Excellency: Hon. John Kent, chairman ; Thorns's
Glen, li q , M.0.A., Hobert Prowse, Erq., Ambrose Shea.
Esq., J. B. Bulky, Esq., Henry Winton, Esq secretary."

NEW SOUTH WALES.
We have papers from Sydney of the 15th and 16th
of May. They are filled with the debates of the legislative
assembly on various questions of local intercat, mainly about
the spealtership, and the increase of salary proposed. fromthe lengthened editorial comments on the two days subse-
quent, it may be aaaucued that tho address of the governor,
on opening the session, was followed also by long and ani-
mated discussions in the house, but the intermediate papers,
in which both were recorded, are wanting. Affairs, both
commercial and political. appeared to be favourably pro-
gressing in the colony. The government land sales, which
were held a few days previous to the dates of these papers,
had been well attended, and the spirit of competition
evinced spoke well fur the improving state of values and
money.

OLD ROMAN ART tersue BRITISII INVENTION.—
The open area of the Royal Exchange, after unsuccessful
trial of divers new material', is again paved with the
" Turkish stone " that formed the pavement of the old
building, and which, we cannot avoid saying, looks very
coarse, inartificial, and unworthy of its position. Tessel-
lated pavement was laid in the first instance, and failed.
This gave place to asphalt° ; nail then the asphalt°
was cleared away to let in the old stones again.
We look on these failures as something almost dis-
graceful, not to the architect of the building, but to
industrial and artistical England. The Romans con-
structed magnificent navements here more than fifteen
hundred years pg), which, when opened, as at Woodchester
and Cirencester, lately referred to, or in Threadneedle-street,
close to the building in question are found even now solid
and substantial, brilliant and effective. We, with what they
have done before our eyes, and with all our boasted advances
in knowledge and our improved machinery, make two at-
tempts to produce a pavement for the chief building in the
City of London a little out of the common way (only very
little), and failing utterly, are obliged to go back to the old
atones of the former area! The occurrence is suozestive, and
should induce consideration.—The Builder. -
METROPOLITAN SOCIETY OF FLORISTS.—A horti-
eul:ural file took place yesterday at the Grecian Saloon,
City-road, fur the benefit of the Royal Metropolitan Society
of Florists. The exhibition was of a miscellaneous kind,
consisting principally of dahlias, which were remarkable both
for beauty and profusion. Prizes, varying from five pounds
downwards, were disq.ibuted to the amount cf nearly 2001.
The gardens were tastefully decorated with inscriptions and
devices in dahlias. A large number of persons assembled
towards evening.