The Express.
London, England, 1851-05-31 00:00:00

LITERATURE.

Takes Maury of the Colonization of America. Edited
by WILLIMI HAZLITT, Esq. Newby.
That which has so eminently distinguished the
primitive free states of North America above all tho
past and present civic communities of the world is the
purely moral basis on which they were founded.
Thirst after fame, pa'sion for conquest, ambition,
avarice, have heretofore founded emores, but none 41
these motives swayed the founders of New England,
and even the noble love of independence was over-
topped
by a higher principle in the handful of heroic
men who changed their civilised fatherland for a
savage wilderness, where' they might worship God
according to what they believed to be His will. By
their fruits we may know them. Such were the
principles which tliese men took out with them,
that on their first application to social and political
life the rights of man took the place of the
rights of the state, immunity was exchanged for
freedom, and lordship for equality. From that wil-
derness, a hundred stud fifty years later, the west
wind wafted seeds whose vigorous shoots have ever
since pierced the ground, up al at all points the
consolidated system of ancient wrong. 'f he history
of these beginnings must lase an interest for every
European people, and for Englishmen above their
all.
According to M. 'Uri the idea of emigration to a
Dew world was first seriously entertained by a small
band of Puritans, whom the persecutions of James had
driven to Leyden, in Holland. When it had been
determined to encounter the risks of the adventure,
the society sent over two of their ablest men to
treat with the company of Virginia. " We." wrote
one of their pastors, to Sir Edwin Sandys,
one of the noblest and most liberal mem-
bers of the company are estranged from the
sweet milk of the mother country, and hardened
against suffering abroad. The majority of our people
are industrious and moderate, we believe we can
safely say as much MO LW any people in the world. We
are woven into one body by means of a strong holy
bond. whirl we dread to break, and by means of
which we hold ourselves firmly pledged to cure for
one another, and each for the good of the whole."
The Virginia Company was glad to receive them,
and nothing more was necessary than to procure from
the king an assurance of toleration at so great a dis-
tance from the strife of home. But this was too
large a bison for the most influential intercessors to
obtain. All that the king would promise was to
take no further notice of the in while they lista peace-
ful life. Sir It. Nanton, one of the king's secretaries,
undertook to represent to his Majesty how that his
loyal subjects, although well liked m Holland, still
wished to return under his rule, and augment his
state in America, and there to spread the Scriptures
among the heathen. Now," said the King, "that
is a Ruud, honest purpose; but how will they live
there?" "By fisliing," was the answer. "God be
gracious to my soul," said the king, with one of his
favourite oaths, "that is a right honest business;
that was the calling of the apostles themselves."
But when their protector again essayed to speak of
it, he was referred to the bishops.
After u year's delay the intending emigrants re-
solved to carry out their plan upon the king's pri-
vate promise, thinking this at least as good a seeu-
curity as a formal ORMUrUIRV, which could be broken
at any time. Nine agents were seat to London to
agree with the Virginia Society about the conditions,
and in September, 11124), they received a patent,
signed with the seal of that corporation. But this
afforded them nothing beyond the right of tilling
the land mid the liberty of forming u state body;
they themselves mast look after the means. Sot
one of the community was rich, few were well off,
most were poor. Accordingly deputies must again
be sent to London in order to close a contract for
transport with sonic merchants, numbers of the com-
pany. 'f he conditions under which it was drawn up
were hard beyond belief. and only the yearning to
arriee at the goal, roused into impatience by long
delay, ism explain their aceeptance of them. They
will le found at the coinrueneeineut of the following
account of the
IDEPARTI: OE or TOE PILGRIMS,

The adventurers (capitalists) and sett!, rs were for seven
years to fon., a trading so'aty in common, during which
time all gain and profit from tiatle and work should be
placed it, one estumon fowl, wail the gains of every man,
woman, and child, alms, sista u ) earsoi,l. included, should
be reelomed at test pound. ; children between ten and six-
teal we re to lie reckoned at two for one person. Ile who
pre/visits' him.elf with t; n pounds., whether in goods or
money, at double (that is, he was rated at twenty pounds.)
During these even year., all eehmists were to be supported
and clothed at the general entente. At the end of
that tiro, all the profits were to be divided be-
tween the undertakers of the tnuoport and the
settler., every ten 'moods contlituting a share, and
those aho joined the colony at a later slate, to receive in
proportion. Children under ten year. at the time of cad-
grati to could only claim fifty acres or land, and the claims
of those alm died in the imitating. were to be transferred
to their lairs, and reclemsed by their time and service.
Here we see that Ow nierehaut wait contrilnited 10111. t 4)
the fitting out of the ships, received at the division ten times
as Muria a. hr who had sacrificed his best powers during
*vivo year.. Well might the poor Upham. be startled at
first by such herd emal,tioas. They endeavoured to insert
• claim. ailowing them at least two slays in the week to
work for themselves, and that the partition at the mil orl
seven years of -:avert' should not Meiotic tics 'moose; thee hail '
built ton lbe &lat. they had tilled; but the mere-Trams
who saw were in la eeseity and inliautient, after NJ
long IA delay, to ronclu.la th-ir bargain, ulnitin itchy stipu-
Lava for their foaditian.. au l split:deed taeir aim, although
the head agrat of the L.yelenees did not the just
reproach.. ci those who sent him.
The auslertakera proluissul speedy polvaration, and re-
eaanue oiled all who were :4 iiiing to go to make tin mseleas
ready lAA souu as posiahl,. A soiviusi prayer meeting was
i held n L.yeleit. Strengths:owl by an appropriate sermon
from Rubinson, they took their 11141 rer.losi..n. The
greater pas: could not get heady so sown, sod it was
arranged that they should rentaia under their pastor's eon-,
while Dr. wet• r tsmk oi et all .ugh a, could prepare at such
short notice to VirAinia, :anal there (molded with them an
indepeudent community. ',the stress st and freshest then
made ready to pass the way for the others. Robinson and
the rest penalised to follow ws sacs as possible.
Now the work went on quickly. Ile who had ground. or
other pr..' erty, hastened to sell and deposit the net pro-
ceeds in a fund for purchasing pmvisions. A ship of 6.1,
or, according to ...Inc, 70 tars., Saeciliells was
bought in Ilulle.nd, and a larger one of 1511 tons, the
Mayflower, hired in England. The former was to re-
main at the colouy. Ilut here neio• time was spent than
the %audio:is. hail •!'al, who justly wished to carry out
as quickly as puesible Ur: resolution they had taken• and
characteristically strove t.. prep'lly the:J.o%lle as well by
rule,. of ariarlagn a. by repeated slays ed fasting and prayer.
At length, J ely 21, 15i.10. the emigrants, aosompanied by
the greater part of their frivnds, went from Leyden to Delft,
where the Speedwell waits d for them, in order to take them I
Ant of all to Southampton. lien- they were to be joined'
by those who bad preceded them to England, and the
Whole party was to he divided between the two ships.
Many of (akar Oa friends had come with sad hearts from
Amsterdam, in mil g to see them depart. Until now ex-
alted hope had lived Ist the mind* of these severely pious
situ and women, vim had long been wecustomed
to regard thecaselyei as pilgrim* moo the earth,
wansligiva on their way to the realms above
where the Lord bath built fur the pious that city which
is their only home. haul now that the moment had come,
human fecangs gained the mastery. A sleepless night was
passed in a cordial hat tearful intercourse with their be-
loved frietuis ; and when, curly nest morning. the tide
wh:sh am to take the ship sainunnail them to the Last
parting, ,•,.•1. • beano Ming sobbing and crying broke I
forth, that many of the Dutchmen. who had assembled on
she quay merely am spertatuna, could nut keep front tears.
Their spiritual father and leader sunk on hia knees, on
tam beavh, and, wilt -framing cheeks ant breaking
voice, reconetwodes' its a burning prayer the departed
ones to the hiss ag et God. This was the had view.
A faecurable wind ecai brought them to Southampton,
'there their friends bad waited seven days for them. The
Maydower was al. ready. Ne vertheless, ten or twelve
days pweed away is fate they had takeu possession of their
respective places iu t'se ship-, and supplied themselves with
the nevessary pro% isie nis, and with the assent of the masters
of the balm, chosen a got cram. ash assistant for each tee-
tion to superiatend those arrangements. A rich merchant,
stallesl Weston, one of the primipal undertakers, and who
ventured a very considerable capital. came from London, in
order to bee theta set . sil. lii the illar4laliane CUM letten
from liobinson, which s. ere read aloud, and which, besides

admoun.hing to a godly tile, continieit many wise injune.
thaw, and imperatively pressed them to render obedience
and resp!et to this authorities whom Ch.) chose. At length,
August oth, they set sail, I.'o in ntunher.
But all was not now smooth sailing. Scarcely
.had they left the harbour, when the master fond

out that the ships wanted some slight repairs. Both
vessels run iuto Dartmouth. and there loot eight days'
of precious time. At length they hoped to find
themselves on an unimpeded load to their gosh—but
it was ordered otherwise. The master of the Speed-
well now reported that the ship was again leaky,
and that the choice lac between putting back and
sinking. No wonder that when the emigrants for
the third time found themselves in Plymouth harbour
some of them were quite dispirited. On overhauling

the ship, nothing was found to justify the conduct of
the master, who, it was believed, was not acting
honestly by his passengers. Nineteen eirsnts re-
turned to London ; the rest were taken on board the
large ship with what provisions they could carry
away, and thus for the third time left their father-
land.

The intention of the pilgrims was to proceed to I
the mouth of the Hudson, having failed in obtaining
from the Plymouth company the patent which was
to assure them the exclusive possession of New
England and the commerce of its coasts. Never-
theless, as we shall see, they were led by a chain of
circumstances, and against their wishes, to the re
gion from which they had turned away their
thoughts :

Notwithstanding their course lay to the south, the master
stood towards the north. Unfavourable winds preveu.ed
them for days together from leaving the place--atorins
drove them in an adverse direction, and shattered the
vessels. Where there were so mass women and children
there could be no Lek of infirmity and sickness.
For among the emigrants there wore only 71 mcn; 18 of
them brought with them th.ir wives, some grown-up
daughters, and female servants. The children were very
numerous. The wife of Stephen Hopkins was delivered at
sea of a boy, called Oceanus. A young servant of Dr. Ful-
ler, their physician, died. They were two months and
three dap at sea, without seeing land. At length, in the
mouth of November, at daybreak, they descried Caw Cod,
discovered by Captain Gosnold in 1602, and so called on ac-
count of the number of stockfish, and which had
since been repeatedly touched at by fishing ships,
and was known to them by John Smith's chart.
They now saw their error, and steered towards the
south ; but iu the course of the day they came
among so many shallows and breakers that they found
themselves in tlie greatest danger; and, after layin.r to for
the night, tired with the continued difficulties, they ran
before the wind into the harbour of Cape Cod.
The shores of this bay, now almost naked, were
then thickly set with oaks, j unipers, firs, and wild vines.
But even the wintry aspect of this coast was grate-
ful to the weary a anderers. The 11th of November
arrived before they could find a place to oust anchor.
Their first act when the ship was brought to was to
offer up fervent thanks to Heaven ; the second to
give form and order to their community. The oldest
and must esteemed were requested by the rest, their
equals in rank, to frame a compact which might
servo as a social and civil bond. The following
writing was then drawn up, and signed by the 74
men:

THIS FIRST AMERICAN

To the name of God, amen. We, the undersigned, true
'Open. of our dread ruler King James, who have undertaken
this journey fur the gory of God, and the furtherance of the
true faith, as well as fur the honour of our king and country,
to plant the first colony on the northern part of Virginia,
unite and bind ourselves by the present at, mutually and
most solemnly, in the presence of God and one another, to a
civic %bite holy, to our better ordering, and to the uphold-
ing and furthering of the above aims, and by virtue of this
from time to time to arrange, lay down, and introduce
such right and reasonable ordinances, resoutions, constitu
titian, and Cliaer, as shall be found fitted fur the general
good of the settlement, to which wu prom so all due sub-
mission and obedience.

Thus was framed the first democratic constitu-
tional diploma of the future free states, a work
which is yet prized by their descendants as the ground-
' work of their fre..do:n an I inlepmdenee. As Ban-
croft remarks, the middle ages witnessed many char-
ters and constitutions, but they were mere treaties
. _

for immunities, partial freedom, patents of nobility,
and grants of privileges, or the restrictions of the
sovereign power for the benefit of feudal institutions.
In the cabin of the Mayflower humanity again re-
ceived her rights and founded a government based
on like rights and laws fur the common weal.
The first municipal act performed under this con-
stitution was the election of John Carver to hs
governor for one year. This large-hearted man,who'
had won the confidence of the society by his honesty,
wisdom, and firmness, had made immense sacrifices
in the common cause. Possessed of property in Eng-
land, he had spent all fur the two emigrations. On
the self-same day, fifteen well-armed HUM were sent
on shore to bring wood, and search the Ixtuks. They
found all waste and still ; not a trace of a human
being was to be perceived. The question now anise.
whether this was a proper place for a settlement ?
The harbour was good, and the countless number of
whales that played about promised a rich yearly
harvest. Moreover, all wanted to terminate their
wanderings in this melancholy season. It was re-
solved to make an exploration of the country before
coming to a final conclusion.

TIIE EXPLORING PARTY.
Miles Standish, accompanied by sixteen awn, among
them limillOrd and Hopkins, roved about the country for
sonic days, but could discover nothinit that gave them
lunwa. some Indians who saw them, fled fur fear. They
found here nu houses, but several baskets, full of Indian
corn or maize. These they took with them, purposing to
make them good again. They abo fund the remains of a
fort, which seemed to have been built by Europeans. Ex-
cept these, nothing but graves; and when at last the sloop
was ready, a three days' cxcurs•oh had had just WY little re-
sult. The weather was Rightful, and it snowed and froze
iucessantly. Notwithstanding, tw..vity-four of thu emi-
grants and the muter took the wry even in this state of ex-
cit•nuent; the pretest didiculties seemed pr•ferablo to a
total failure. But this Wormy was dangerous to many, to
some fatal in its remits. They visited nearly the same
ground on which the miters had b.sen ; nanuly,theshores
of the river Varna, in Truro, on the extremity of Cape
Cud; the mouth they called, with a painful feeling of
the principal iopressions made of them, Cold harbour.
I In the woe•I they iii.covered two forsakeu wigwams, but
which had apparently been quitted only a short timepre-
sioudy ; and also several baskets of vane and beans, and
a flask of oil buried in the sand. The first they took
with them to sow at the approach of spring, hut also
With the intention of restoring it, which six months
after they punctually fuhilled. Ilesid.is this, they
came into a field full of grates, nod diving
in the snow and sand, they found all sorts of tools and orn '-
meats, which seemed to have been buried with the dead.
Many tokens indicated that this land hail once been trodden
by the foot of the Euroiwan ; and they afterwaids learnt
that u Ftench ship had some years pretiously been wrecked
her•.

Thr:e or four days they roved about in the w .J•Kllands of the
drearr promoatory, always homing to di ssiver something
eheenag. At I art, weary with climbing the snow-clad hills and
housing in :he told wet winter evenings in the open air,
sheltered only by the half frozen firs, th. 7 returned (Dee.
I), dr.ply depressed, to their ship. II( re a newly-arrived
stranger awaited them; Mrs.titisannalt White had in the mean-
' time b..eu delivered of a boy, who was called Peregrine, and
who, from being the first child born in the new father-
land, obtained a suit of fain, among his descendants; and
even forty-seven years after, received for this particular
event a pres.it irons the logic' lucre of 201 acres; and
what is said Inure in this land of movement, his descen-
dants are still living in the AMUe district, and boast of
their origin, which, as it were. kme their tuteestors first
the tight on the honoured land of liberty.
Hut for this one on whom the light of a new
world smiled, there were many for whom it was Ibr
ever extinguished. Nearly all the emigrants were ill;
and deaths were, throughout I km tuber, of daily occur-
rence.. '1 he necessity of finding a harbour of repose
became imminent. On the pith a new party of
eighteen started to explore the bay fur the boat. In
the evening they arrived at the south-east shore, now
called Eastham, and with great difficulty found a
landing-place among the shallows. Two days were
spent in this search, the cold being so intense as
to freeze their garments to the rigidity of iron. On
the third morning they had scarcely finished their
morning repast, before they were surprised by a loud
strangecried
yell. "Indians," one of the party, and
already the arrows flew around them. They 'imme-
diately seized their guns : a few shots set the savages
in Hight, not one Englishman being wounded.
The pilot who accompanied them had told them
of a good harbour in this bay, at which they were
anxious to arrive. They had travelled fifteen miles
along the shore without seeing anything to give
them hopes. Then it began to nun and snow vio-
lently, a strong wind rose and broke the rudder, tho
sea ran high, and in the evening the sea rose to such
a degree that the mast was split and the sails were
earned overboard, exposing them to all the fury of
the waves. Just then the pilot lost all self-posses-
sion, and cried out " God be merciful to us—l have
never seen this place before!" They would have
been lost among the shallows had not one of the !
steersmen called to the rowers to put the ship about!
as quickly as possible, and brought it again into the •
open buy. In the dark, and amid a furious rain, they
arrived at a place where the landing seemed practi-
cable, and on this unknown and savage spot they ,
passed the fearful night. Early in the morning of
the 11th December they examined the harbour,
which they found navigable, and the shores, in which
they discovered with Joy fertile plains and water of
pleasant taste. They searched no further, but re-
turned to the ship, where the news awakened great '
joy.
On the lath of December the ship entered the
longed-for haven. and a few days after they had
chosen their place of settlement, on an elevated piece
of ground. They now went to work, and wood was

%
i " :
i, / d. .
. -

.< f

THE EXPRESS, SATURDAY EVENING, MAY 31, 1851.

felled and hewn in order to build, first of all, a leontending.for the precedence usually granted to the early
general meeting and store house, wherein one party tir2l, ,sell b
maintainingtthut ht,e,
sheep
.been specti,:s2
housed for the night, while the other returned to the ''''': ~ .! !
of a tearetaery nocasitngtogetnhieT.nnißomulus accordingll coin-
ship. Alarmed, but not checked, by the wild cry of me aced drawing his plans in the Etrutean fashion, by eau"-
the Indians, whose dwellings they recognised ing a boundary line to be marked out with a plough, to
by the distant smoke, they securely finished .
wwwhihrlhhi.wirerchayrok,etlthrea heifer and a bull, a ceremony from
their store-house, landed their goods from the
ty.iflish term boulem•alks,,toant !etlticerFtvraeity.h.
ship, and divided the ground into nineteen I The line thvu4rds s
traced was eall'eTatyhe rPorayterium, and where
parts, separating themselves at the same time into as au entrance was to be made, it win customary to carry the
many households, and adding the single persons to I plough across the space—a little engineering difficulty that
the families. Everyone was to build his house on a gave the name of Porta to a gate, from the verbportare, to
spot decided on_ by drawing lots. In memory of the 1 elFry-harmuustvlniosoked on. st.tthue,l7ttLdints.ir
rare
naively over it.
last spot they had quitted in England, they named zingabo'
the ground, Zen genamused himself by laeshpaliingaliutle-
the town New Plymouth.
" Thus," said he, " will the enemy leap
Thus were the pilgrim fathers settled in New 1 over those barriers." " And thus," rejoined the superia-
England, and thus was founded a state which has I teudent or clerk of the works—one Celar, who acted in this
instance wlietah tocioeurg2dess cbarrelerityl—v;:ettuus,seshwallt, di
rds ielewhvo;
already attained a first place among the nations of 1
the world. Its subsequent history, how it battled ever y P
mus a mortal blowy, and the legend goes on tip state,gthat '
with disease, famine, and the Indians, and overcame Romulus was immediately seised with remorse, and subse.
all ; how that very religious feeling which had given quent visits from his brother's ghost rendered Romulus him-
fortitude to the first settlers degenerated into perse- *el little better than the ghost of what he used to be.'
Remus..row. ed.:rtmooukchth,fo spirit aft
rm oefr
thehis
cuting zeal in their successors ; how at length, purl--deadly ;till:Ile. fled by trials, the old spirit of independence threw
brotihl
brother.
springing up' at the bed-side, to poison the existenigee of his
off its strait and embarrassing garments, until it
oosild defy the feudal despotism of the old world—all
morons
illustrations,sketehes. by Mr. Leech, are clever, hu-
this has been often told, but never better than in the
two volumes which Mr. Hazlitt has now introduced . .

to the English public. The style is fre;h;ndvigo-
rous, and the narrative full and clear. The work
does credit to all parties concerned in its publication.,

u FARE IS FOUL," OR THE CABMAYS
LAMENT.

The Coming COO Net : a Letter to Me Bishop of Eeeter,
°mutated by Aix recrnt Pastoral Letter. 8y a LAY-
MAN of the Cueacn of ENULAND. London. John
Gray Bell.
The eJnflict anticipated in this title-page is that
revival of the old struggle between priestly preten-
sion and human rights, which Lord John Russell
foresaw when ho exclaimed at Guildhall, " The
signs of a storm are black in the horizon." The
writer, as was natural, in addressing a man set for
the maintenance of sound doctrine, has chosen to
treat this conflict as the strife of truth with error.
In thus doing he proves a no less efficient
addier in the cause of human liberty. The
great positive declarations of tho Christian re-
velation—the spirituality of religion and the direct
and sole responsibility of man to Gad in matters of
faith—have a thousand times nerved the arm against
ghostly tyranny, and will to the last continue terri-
ble witnesses against those who would prey and
trade upon the fears of men, and make of the kindest
messages of heaven an engine of remorseless des-
potism. The kind and respectful letter of this lay-
man contrasts sweetly with those strings of railing
accusations which the prelate addressed delights to
fling around and above him. Courtesy, however,
has not lessened the vigour and cogency of the argu-
ments, which are brief, obvious. and overwhelming
All who read these passages will confess that, what-
ever other sanction Bishop Philpotts may plead for
the teaching contained in his pastoral, he can derive
none from the New Testament.

Mom PrisrA.l
Air—" Lucy Neal."
I TOOL up in Piccadilly,
And put the party down,
At We Park Crystial Pallia Gate,
Expectin' arf-a-crown.
The sum of von-and-fopcnce
hall I could bobtain,
Accordin' to the scale of fares
Laid down by Richard Mayne.
Oh, cruel Richard Mayne, shabby Richard Mayne,
If 1 could drive you where I chose, you'd never ride again!
'Tis only two-and-eightpence
All trues that blessed Bank;
Vy 'taint enough to pay a cove
For leavin' hot his rank !
And one-and-eight's the Cabman's 'ire,
For witchwe're bound to go
From the Bazaar in Baker Street,
Pangtheon, or So-oh.
Oh, cruel Richard Mayne, &c.
The fare from the Mu-scum
Was a good six shillin' job:
But here they've bin and cut it down,
And now it is two bob !
From the Thames Tunnel 'twas a ride
Of full nine bob, or more,
Witch blayn-f's New Tariff have redooced
As low as four-and-four.
Oh, cruel Richard Mayne, &c.
For the Great Western Railway
Two shilling is the touch,
Vast five-and-six, I will maintain,
Is not a brown too much.
From Bow-street, Covin-gardin, too,
Vich neighbourwood I 'ate,
The fare, as sus a crown afore,
Is lower'd to one-and-height.
Oh, cruel Richard Mayne, &c.
Then, there's a certain building
Whereof I 'are heer'd tell,
The House of whatsinaine—the Jug—
Out there by Clerkenwell.
I can't quite say I knows the spot,
But surly 'tis a shame
That only two-and-eight should be
The ticket fur the
Oh, cruel Richard Mayne, &c.
It is two shillius only
From Crc-morn,, and Woxhall;
It used to be twice that, at least,—
And not too dear at all.
'Tis two-awl-four from Dury-lane;
Three from the Surrey Zoo' ;
This is what that there Mr. Mayne
Hex beet. and lorought us to!
Oh, cruel Richard Mayne, ice.
Suppose a party 'ails you,
Vilst you are no your stand,
You must obey his beck and call,
And come at his command;
The penalty is thrty bob
In rase you should refuse,
Fish yea must pay, or go to quotl,
Accurdite as you chaise.
Oh, cruel Richard Mayne, &c.
Your fare, when you arc offered,
Anti axes what it's fur?
You may be let in for three pound,
Or else two months by lawr.
This here's languidge ;
So take care what you say;
And if you are a little fresh,
You've not the same to pay.
Oh., cruel Richard Mayne, &c.
The Crusher at your standing
Your umpire is to be,
With any party, as to terms,
If you should disagree.
'Twill be nu use to try it on ;
Fur my. part, I despair
Of screwing out one tanner more
Than ioi our legal fare.
Oh, cruel ltichard Mayne, dm
This blessed Exposition
Ilan caused all this to-do;
I wish. he Prince was I knows sere,
And Mr, Paxton too.
Likcwi.e that wicket! paper,
The Times, witch did explain
Our and did on us bring
Down truvl Richard Mayne,
Oh, cruel Richard Mayne, &c.

The Conti,' History of now.% By the Author of the
" Comic liidtory of Bagland." Inuit? Med by Jol.ri
Leach.

Those who admired Mr. A'Reckett's "Comic His-
tory of England" and his " Comic Blackstone," will
mail his " Comic History of Rome" with pleasure.
For the reader who is not encumbered with classical
reverence there is a laugh in every page ; whilst Mr.
Leech's pictures will prove a rich treat.
It is no mean praise tudeJare that Mr. A.Beckett
lis perhaps the only man in England who could
make a comic history of Ramo tolerable. Here and
there even the sternest classic must, forgetting him-
' self for the moment, laugh at the whims and with-
tics, the dexterous phrases, the easy puns, and ec-
centric expressions which sparkle about the pages.
You recognise the hand of a master, whatever you
' may think of his art : you allow that he has dune his
work excellently, even though it is a matter of re-
gret to you that he undertook it. As a fair specimen
of the manner in which a classical story is divested
of its mystery and its beauty, and presented in a
purely comic aspect, we may extract the

NTOIIY or ROldn/So AND ItEMUS.
We will now return to Ithc4 Silvia, who appears to have
enfrrol the service of Cie tiodde., as a maid-of-all-work ; for
she was in the habit of going to draw water from a well;
and it was upon one of these aquatic excursions she ran
with a military ratan, peeing himself off as Mars, who paid
his addressee to her, aad pmecti
Rhea Silvi gave birth to t•.s ins; upon whielbhcr cruel
' uncle ordered her to be put to d':4th, :Lad desired that her
infant iitfloring should be treated as a couple of unwel-
come puppies, and got rid of by drowning in the ordinary
manner.

...
The children were placed in a cradle, or, as t.onie say,
a bowl, and turned adrift no the river; so that Anitilitt,,
if he had any mi•givim as t,, tha st curdy of his crown' re.
(erred to drown it in the bowl with his unhappy little re-
lativeA.

ft happened that there had been such a run ou the banks
of the 7 iber, that its coffers or c ofar-da.n. had poured out
their contents all over the a.Lacent plaint, and cauosl
very extensive distribution of its currency. Among other
valuable deposit., it chanced to lodge for security, in a
bratieh connected with the balk, the children of Rhea
Silvia, who, by the way, must have been very fortunate
under the circumstance+, in bring able to keep u hal ince.
The infanta were not in a very enviable condition; for
there was nobody to hoard and lodge them, though the
Tiber was still at hand to wash and do for them. The high
title prosedu tide of good Mamie to the children, who were
fi .attsl so far inland, that who the river receded they were
left high nud dry at the foot of a fig tree, with no one, ap-
parently, to elm ati wh tt hccame of them. d7rtier these
circumstance., n sate-wolf, who had gone down to the Tiber
to drink, heard the wltimi,ering of the bald, among the
tree., an.l, her attention being drawn off from the water in
the riser to the whine in the wood, she came forw trd in the
most handsome manner in the capacity of a wet-nurse to
give them suck and stir-nor. flow this wolf became pos-
sessed of so touch of the milk of human kindness, does nut
appear, and it is not perhaps worth while to inquire.
The children, it is said, were awakened by receiving a
gentle licking from the tongue of the animal, standing in
parratis over them. Fhlililj the SitWith)ll damp, the
wolf removed the infants to her den, where they were
visited by u philanthropic w.solpecker ; who, wilco they
were hungry, would bring thesis some tempting grub, or
worm, liv which the woodpeeker soon wormed itself into
the children'. omlidence. Other members of the (slithered
tribe mad, themselves useful in this novel nursery, by
keeping off the insects; mid many a awn found itself-or
rather lust itself —onexpeetcilly in the tine it of some re-
morselesa aw tilow. ilowever well meaning the :initnal may
h tve been, the ..hildrett could not have profited greatly, if
there had been no one ready to take them from the month ;
and happily Fau.tulita, the Moab. shepherd, who had
watched them a. Coy were (sing carried to the wolf's cave
or loophole, provided them with another loophole to get out
..f it. Taking advantage of the welt's temporary absence
from home, the Rome shepherd," resolving to rescue the
children, by hook or by cn»k, removed the babes to his
own hut, and handed them over to his wife Lauremia, as
a sort of supplement to their previously rather extensive
family.
Some historians, rehising to believe the story of the Wolf
and the Woodpeeker, have tudetboured to revoncile pro-
bability with tradition, by suggesting that the wife of Fans-
tutus had got the name of the %Volt from the contrast she
presented to her I.:nth-like hush tad, and that the supposed
wo.olpecktr was simply a henpeeker, in the person of Lau-
rentia.

Print* Albert presided yesterday afternoon at a,
meeting of the Royal Commission fur the Exhibition of
the Wo k. of luiludry of all Nations, at the Exhibition
in Hyde l'ark. His Royal Highness arrived at o'clock,
attended by Lieut.-Colonel F. 11. Seymour. The Com-
missioners present were, the Duke of Buccicuch, the Earl
of Ito,e, Earl Granville, Lord Stanley, the Right Hon.
W. E. Gladstone, Sir Cn:irles Lvell, Sir Charles L. East-
lake, Mr. Cubit!, Mr. John (iutt, Mr. John Shepherd,
and Mr. Alder:llln Thompson, M.P. Mr. Scott Russell
and Mr. EiLiar Ituwring, secretaries to the Royal COl.ll-
- attended. c•olunel Reid, chairman of the exe-
cutive commit...., Lieut.-Col Lloyd, special commissioner,
and Dr. Lyon Playtnir, special cuiumissiouer, were also in
attendance. The meeting broke up soon after 6 o'clock,
when Prince Al attended by his Equerry in Waiting,
returned to Buckingbane Palate.

THE COUNCIL of CHAIRMEN of tho Juries of the
Royal Commissi•oi for the Exhibition of 18.51 had a meeting
on Monday in the Exhibition, There were present—Sir
Henry De La 11. The. Jacob Bell, M.P. (for M. Dumas):Mr. '
Edwatd Nude, Protessor Owen, Hey. Mr. Muscly, Earl
Jersey, ()emend Pone,let, Mr. I. K. Brunel, Baron Charles
Dupin, Mr. Philip Posey, M.P., Sir David Brewster, Sir
Henry Bishop, Mr. Phillip Elliseu (for Sir James Ander-
son), Dr. Von Herrmann, and Mr. H. Forbes, Mr. G. F.
Kemp, Count VIM llarrach, M. J. R. Lavanchy (for llerr
Von Ilorgaerdzr); ILoi. Colonel Anon, M. Van de Weyer,
Mr. 11. Tucker, r. Bulky, Lord Wharneliffe,Hon. Horace
Oresley, Due de Luynes, Lord do Manley, Professor
Rot,ner, M. B. l'istrueei, Don Joatiniin Alfonso, Viscount
Canning, Herr Von Viettalm Dr. Flayfair, Lieut. Ward,
and Mr. Edgar Bowring (acting secretary to the Royal
Commission), attendi.d.

Clf.treElt AND TOE EUTIRMON.--Citaneer, it
would seem, posses:44l a prophetic faculty in his prefigura-
tion of this palac- of glass. The passages we quote occur in
the House of Fame, in the introduction to which, the poet
describes it as a vision, and speculates upon the causes of '
dreams, affirming his inability to decide whether
" Spirit., have the might
To make folks dream o'night,
Or if the soul of proper kind
Be so perfect as men find
mit a ,rote what is to come."
"As I slept," he goes on to say,
" I dreamt I was
Within a temple made qf glass,
In which there were more images,
Of, old standing in sundry stages,
In more rich tabernacles,
And with jewels more pinnacles,
And lane. curious portraitures,
And quaint manner of figures
Or gold work than I saw ever."
• • • • • •
" Then tw I stand on either side
Straight down to the doors wide
.P:om the dais many a pillar
Of 'Reba that shoo.• not full clear."
•• • • • • •
"Then gan I look about and see
Th it there cave cnt'riug in the hall,
A right great company withal,
And that of sundry regions
Of all kimb of conditima,
That dwell in earth beneath the moon,
Poor and rich."

Romulus and Remus were the names of the two iafants,
who, as they grew up, began to Like after their foster-
mother the wolf, turning out exceeding wild lads, with a
lupine propensity for worrying the flocks, and going on
altogether in a veer brutal •manner. Remus was taken up
on a charge of sheep stealing. or something very like it, and
brought bs fore Numitor, his own grandfather, when a re-
cognition took place in a manner not much in accordance
with the ordinary rules of evidence. Romulus had also
been apprised of his relationship by Faustulus, who mutt
have made a pretty hold goes. at a fact he could not have
known; and the two lads, being adopted by N waiter, were sent
for their education to Gahii, where everything was taught
that men of rank in those days were expected to learn, and
whence the word gaby is cloarly derivable. Anxious to do
something tor the old geutleinan, their grandfather,
Romulus and Remus got up a demonstration in his favour,
and they succeeded in restoring him to the throne of Alba
Longs. a lon4 row of white houses, which was less of a ter-
ritory than a terrace, and it is a strange coincidence that
Terracino. or little terrace, formed one end of it. Aniulius
was killed, and leaving Numitor sole master of White's-row,
Romulus and Remus resolved on a building speculation
a great deal higher up—that is to say, on the pot
where they had passel the days of their infancy.
Before the new city was commenced, a ilhpute
UM!. first, about what it should he called,and secondly, es
to who should govern it. Romulus and Remus, being
twins, could not bring the law of prim'gcniture to bee.
upon their little differences, and it was therefore agreed
to refer the matter to augury, which should decide who au
to be inaugurated as the ruler of the new colony. Romulus
mounted the Palatine Mount, and Remus took his station
on the Aventine, when both began to keep a sharp look out
for something ominous. Remus was the first to ionark
something odd in the shape of six vultures fiyiug from
north to south, but Itornulus no sooner heard the news than
he declared he had seen twelve, and the question arose,
whether, figuratively speaking, the one bird in hand seen
by Remus should outweigh the two in the bush that sub-
frequently appeared to Romulus. The augur, when ap-
pealed e o, pave, as usual, a very ambiguous answer. It
amounted, in effect, to the observation that there were six of
one and a dozen of the other ; so that the soothsayer, in-
stead of hiving *eyed anythingto soothe, was far more
likely to irritate. Both parties claimed the victory; Remus

Siieh a great congregation
Of folks as I saw roam about,
Some within and some without,
Was never seen nor shalt be wore !"
So redpable a coincidence is, to say the least of it, very
carious.

AptrrnEcAltiEs' HALL—Names of gentlemen who
=I their examination in the science and practice of me-
, and received certiticates to prartise, on Thursday,
May 29:—George Edmund Smolt, Plymouth; Frances
Ayrton, Liverpool ; Edward Somerset Cleveland, Madras;
Thorn's Lowrey klidley, Newcastle-on-Tyne ; Charles
Bothwell, Bolton-le-!loon ; George Henry Edwards,
Royal Navy.