The Express.
London, England, 1853-04-13 00:00:00

VACCINATION EXTENSION BILL.

Lord LITTELTON, in moving that the house go into
committee on this bill, sail that its object was to make vac-
cination compulsory; and the machinery fur carrying it
into effect must be some plan of registration. It would be
needless to dwell on the importance of the general subject;
nor was it requisite iu these days to inculcate the univer-
sally-admitted efficiency of vaccination as • preventive of
the smallpox. Some few facts might, however, be inte-
resting; and he must, in the outset, state that he was in-
debted for the information which he would attempt to lay
*fore the boon to this report of tome learned and able
persons connected with the lipiiimiological Society, of
which Sir Benjamin Beattie, Dr Bright, Dr. Southwood
Smith, and other eminent men, were members. Vaccina-
tion was drat established about the beginning of the 17th
century; and looking to the last 50 years of the last century
sad the first 50 years of the present century, the result al -
=to be that in the 10 y- ors ending 1760 the deaths
rs
smallpox were 100,000; in the next 10 years,
108,000 ; in the next, 93,00 ; in the next 87,000; and in
the last ten years of that century, 88,000. In the present
seatury, taking the first 10 years, the deaths from small-
pox were 64,000; in the next, 42,000 ; in the next
37,000; in the next, 73,1100; and in the lest 10
peers, 16,000 ; showing • diminution from 108,000
down ta 16,000, end there had been a continued pro-
genitive decrease. To look at single cases it would ap-
pear that since the year 1837 there h id not been any small-
pox where vaccination was practised. In one population,
that of • vilade near Wells, there had not been any case of
small-pox. Bince the establishment of the Royal -Military
School at Chelsea, where vaccination was practised, 48 years
had elapsed, and 31,705 children had been vaccinated, of
whom not one had died from small-pox. In some districts
of India, vaccination, which was introduced there in 1817,
had become general in 1021, and since then smallpox bad
not been heard of. In Hanover, in 1817, out (1(45,830 cases
there had only been 8 deaths front small-pox. In Denmark it
was said, at one time, that small pox had entirely disap-
peared. Compare the state of Eugtand and Wales with
that. England and France were the only countries in
Barope in which vaccination was not compulsory, directly
or indirectly. Ile had no figures as to France, but the
result there, he had bees thld, was very similar to that in
this country. In Hanover, Bavaria, Sweden, and Prussia,
vaccination was compulsory by means of pecuniary penalty,
which was the means be proposed to adopt in the bill be-
fore the house. In Holland no one was allowed to enter a
public school, or receive alms who bad not been vaccinated,
sad in Prussia no one was allowed to be married who had
net been subjected to the same process. Taking two ex-
treme cases ; in Ireland in tea years ending 1811, 68,006
prom died of small pox, and in the second ten years, no
great improvement had kin place. The worst part of
Irelaad was Cemaaught, which he mued take as one es-
trum, and against it he would select Lombardy where the
material condition of the people was but little inferior to the
population of this eosatry, but there vaccination was
adopted. Now, daring ten years ending in 1841 the number
et deaths is Coaumaglit from mill pox had bees sixty in a
theasand, whilst in Lombardy there bad only
been, in the same time, three deaths is two that-
sand. In Enabled Lad Wales rasoptlag Is..
land and Scotland, whisk Miter eosaa7 was bet
little better the • amber el Mae teem
this disease were 22 In a tleessd ; whereas in soantrlai
where ea:Moieties waa sompabeep. the average was from
lye to eight in a thousand. The mortality, therefore la
this Niamey was mono them har time as groat as ilium
countries he bad abided to. lbw wiled was the state of
the law t In every ease sheds= might he taken to a
Medical steer sad embalm/omi the melba UM sod
boards se gosrdime hod awe their bed le alltin the alba
la taws hot with ems imp eadelmang 'emit. Ile waged
le add the plaelp_le of sampabisie, whit be was ossidsot
veal he sillooded with the rasa leassisial sessequsesse.
The geemel @gam was most debates: It was inept'',
woeseelik nal mogul in ateremals. The last nano
Awed bet lie see of births regbeered for the twelve
olealba maks to flogdeseher. 1863, was whila the
teal sambas of dabs. emanated was 397.121.
Them could hardly be band a union where the pressen
=worked with regularity. It appeared that in the
glum union 91 per amt. were nominated; is itomer-
ealshire, I I per mat. ; et baits" is Heat, 11 pee float; I.
Witteldre, en V 6 pee sent. • sad in It. James% Web
wiliNaer, in 1661, eel of 973 bporterths, there hadthat less wag 44
Eels• of mamas.. The re stled s
deka after birth sedengemd life. Ina IMO, there every
hod lim Wa
9.714 deaths la /lingteadasmi Wake from riperhamil 1,11110.
or II per seat. of the whale, died tiader Ms menthe ostlism
la the bill es it semi there was a dean whisk hs
e5.1.....:•....A41 wooid bo inwoormst as re-
eirematiem h that all Wane,
_sod, in-
bead be esespened to be
vassinne=leme a pretty. thought it woad he ma-
ma& that a salsa ebeald he given by the essimmar of
laths le all rafts se wisdoms. their arum, bat it
WPM bo salworbeed to impose • penalty m thaw tar not
rM gifted Miss. The bill would anima 'sly to
..4 wd..4lssimail end lissilmed he osaid not
although the Islis goessameat bed aegemeed a wish
a magrabery misseare skald be emembil ft hawed.
raped to the Importation of psalms who wen set
told that a large umber of pumas of
M drailleirsee Iss was
to be hued I. the sommea biabgbeams.
es. thought the begat = shwa have= mew.
to owns the embalms them.
wee emellbee pidat towernrwiehel is dined the
aimmisa of sir lieMiliMillat, and that was the Naveyeam
of maffill-pen patina to capitals, which required regale-
**. How laid that Mere were difficulties I. the way of
a mama gam of ionsioation, and that the *setae of
the poor Io bows Ihemoshes and their children vaccinated
woe that the gams was so much mixed up with
the peer law, and that if it was separated ham
the admfaistratima of the Poor-law Board, it !NU
work better. Ile egad sot introduce say bill for oat is-
relations I. ibis ought e° as to tarry out a
system 1 he amid sall point it oat to the gewommat
With regard to °ldeation" which had been ..6 is dm 1111,
such as that the indiction of • penalty weak, me mom
vaccination to be adopted, he could only say that mast per-
sons would rather have the moinaticia perfumed than
pay the penalty ; but, at any rate, It was all that moil as
done. It was mid that the establishment of a system of
compulsory vaccination would be wide* interference offiffil
the liberty of the subject; but to allow ialostisa to amp
tinue in a town by the want of vaccination Medi be 1104
'anal offence. Adverting to the disagnembis ea** of
the payment of medical officers of unions, he mold catty
may that the elan of paying them for vaccination was • part
of the system of their payment; but he could not help prem-
ise on the government this fact, that if it was made worth
the meilivil mares while ell ovi.t the country, any necessity
fora co.ngtal•ory 53 stein ofvateinattin would be done sway.
The noble bed boacluded by stating that there were •
number of alterations In the bill, but he thought it best
to state them io committee.
The Baal of StIAIILSBUBY (who spoke in a very low

tone of voice) was understood to say, that when tha evil
effects of small pox were considered, and that the system of
voluntary vaccination had been tried and failed, there was
every ground for a compulsory message, which was se-
cessary to save the community from the ranges of that
frightful disorder. With regard to the voluntary system
it appeared by the returns that of all the births registeMtli
only one child in three was vaccinated, and that it
was often imperfectly done, and that wnall-pox wason the
increase. Ile hoped the house would go into committee
on this bill, and if it passed he had no doubt that genera.
tions to come would be thankful fur the passing of such a
measure
The Earl of ELLENBOROUGII said that he must
confess that the present law on this subject, which he had
introduer4 some years ago, had not worked as well as was
expected—and lie thought a case had been made out for its
amendment. He bad no objection to a compulsory system
of vaccination, but he thought that if the poor were coin-
, pelted to be vaccinated, every facility should be given for
carrying out the system, and that their prejudices should
be consulted. He should propose a clause which might be
inserted in the beginning of to bill, and the principle of
which might be adopted under the law as it now stood.
There was nothing to prevent its being practic tble in every
ease, that vaccine should he taken front the arm of a
healthy child ; for there was a strong prejudice against its
twills Wien from any other source. In his (Lord Ellen-
borough'..) neighbourhood the board of guardians had
divided the union into smell districts, and a surgeon
attended at certain stations, on certain days, for
the purpose of vaccinating patients, of which due notice
was given, an I the consequence had been that there had
been a great increase of the number of persons vaccinated
in each year. lie should be dispued to adopt the plan
pursued in other countries, and fix a penalty on the ad-
mission of children into schools who were not vaccinated;
awl he would go further, a d enact that any person apply-
ing fur relief to a Board of Guardians should be examined,
and if he hail not been vaccinated, and refused to be vacci-
nated, that relief should not be granted. Them should We
care taken against the admission of young persons not vacci-
nated into manufactories, and, indeed, generally into all
places where a number of persons were assembled; and
there should be lowers given by law to compel all such per.
sous to be vaccinated. ll* would propose to the noble lord
that his and all the other amendments to the bill should be
pYnted, and then that it should be recommitted on another
day.
Lord LYTTELTON acceded to this proposal; and,

- -
Alter a few words from Lord RILDPADALI,
The house went into committee on the bill, and the
clauses, with the amendments as suggested by Lord Lyttel-
ton min the Esti of Elleabormigh, were speed to, and the,
bill was ordered to be recommitted.

The Metropolitan Improvements (Repayment of Advances
out of Consolidated Fund) Bill was rnd a third time and
and
passed i
Thtr lordabips adjourned at 25 minutes to 7 o'clock.

HOUSE OF COMMONS.-TVESDAT, APRIL 12.

The SPEAII3a took the chair at 4 o'clock.
PRIVATE BUSINESS.
RAILWAYS.

Mr. CARDWELL postponed his motion respecting the
made of proceeding with railway and canal bills until
Friday seat.
NUNEATON, HINCKLEY, AND LEICESTER