The Express.
London, England, 1847-01-28 00:00:00

WEST_INDIES.

JAMAlCA.—(Extract of a letter, dated 18th of
December, 1846)
There le a bill posed the assembly reducing all the cideries
dladt-
dal Meer,. It b thought the council IrM mot p it Al bet loth
homer are adlweemed Fehrmry, which will give Kr C. Oray
to Ink about him. The pea to be played bythe sew at dam**
la thim—U tbe end °oversew edam to pow the
letbetien met le the Import IA
a mot ell the estabildimento rids=
deosY IN gams In Anal sod V One bosingl/2 we mine
to a deed bet
dinded eg thurabee, the Swum of Asembly them
and
• im eint aWI mare delmmtbel mrst,
and bon 10sist le • Mos away with Menu. ales wt
at Mem istmed le obit the prbe rig mid umbels
wosa
6.1.4. *"
111=1:11•Mar=71Zerr ourred
11—tatie Z=871.2116•1174=4.18" hardy In taTie asiteZienend
th.
seem bbe rand el "ce Others report tbi home ea
acid wid sot tome le the scratch again. Pempeultve ealira—M
reduction suet he objected to.

WINDWARD IBLANDS.—We have received the fol-
lowing letter relative to the activity of the new ClovaraOr :
Your colonial column of to-day contains a very impubint=
information, viz. that the new Gorernor.OtmerM of the
Wanda landed, wasRROM in, and within a few days elsrlsd fat
Tobago to settle certain difference. between the LienterwhOwranor
of that colony and the Legislative Poundl,whielt hid added for
many moetha, and which had brought the Wides of dr missy to a
here Is, then, mew and meedlittids la the mew (Ica
vernor-General—ri novelty, ladled, In the nimbi batty of these
Wends. From 1842 to the teembratha et kb dertramat, la Use
month of November last, did Le bee Oseenceaddal tabs Stun de
Island of gt. Lucia 54101. per seame, ead near Ids sepertsiddiate
of the affairs of the Wed (Rturhelwr fa maws pwrily teal,
which ought to hem boat Litsib* to tar julemsat of the dile
adminiatrator of the local dovemmeot!, to duped terialim a mph,
of adminiatrotioa which might Just as well lave beta Warmed by
the diger In Downing-knot. St Lnde is wills • dew
hours' cafl of Ikettedsee, and there seems no other grated etseme
for a Oesentenemerare out visiting his dependent eddies thee
ewe idiom. The nip round ia a delightful one. If the eery is
out area err* to admit of meadonsi tour cardesilea and
beaky eddy alvadep may te toimi of a pisr sr govvre-
malt algarggig, In orbs the rod. lase awl 1•1•117 on
the apot besiwar, shodately Notemary by dis 'Meer. as
the " go-batweast these colonies ea Lard Grey! er hew mGommard:isesed write correctly ea lbe idles rd a dramileat
colony,
_of whets edalleee be himself peneadly Isere weft t Ile
mutt data him binsanou from DIM NOM or Whir. The Imes
neebUit
iiesti=, and iyet •• h b W
b 7
say g agitator, elm. *ma
soak*, or camas 3 bearing. Sol Olop Ise
as io SY • l/sat.Oeventoe. whole bed player oded =et!
tea deem et bine by a CiovernorliameG e has lbeed some
coirresdeat dealsetios correepondant Misr Lisat.4••••we•
ores, to tarsi& him with the materiels IN hie "home" Wed.
/tar dap mot to be. f WNW ire demi.* es a
mover the:ehiefshookl bkasegiamil by lie IrianOmr
to make Ye"
.0.7
he sad ar etherwhe his re.
porta," white an Mrsbook, ew
aboolutely worthless. be caret M le
or that. In mad be,
rased, the dipsedert minim mowelewlel WM-
intandonoe. To dim the ableefte el amiAlmilese.l eOwerge.
General, 1 know It Ins lea Let Is equa wr d InFinellee
oe to the won India
Aresisies, gemal perdesebra h Tw••••
trwwworica a goverwszipernd mongollhe aie
*win the
eigent armowsis $ • whit Wm whose" to ImDd this pll

Had he as iled down the mud, and neked the respective es of t
pmks which so eminently adorn the beautiful landscape ofnam this porn-
he
Ocular island, be never would have made ouch afoot of himself, beg-
ging his pardon. However, much may be expected from the talent
and activity of the new Governor-General of Barbadoec—l arq Etc.,
A Nkrive or " Lrrni ENGLAND,"
NEW ZEALAND.

NEW PLYMOUTIL—The following statement of the
general condition of this settlement, and the inducements it
affords to emigrants of various pursuits and qualifications,
prepared towards the end of fait May by Mr. Wicksteed, the
local agent of the New Zealand Company, rec -.amends it-
self to our confidence by its honest and unexaggerated
tenor:
It ts scantily neeemary to mention that the portion of the great
Taranald district belonging to the company Is well adapted to the
growth of grain. It is prenerblally the granary of New Zealand; and
experience bas proved that wheat, barley, and oats of the finest
quality, can be raised on land adjacent to New Plymouth. The
avenge produce of wheat last harvest be 'AV put
SI bushels pee acre ; of barley considerably more, where thi
caterpillar has not destroyed it. The ravages of this Insect
have been chiefly confined to the early sown barley, and con-
sequently the next towing will be later than the last. The quantity
of eats raised has not been large, but the produce per acre has been
abundant.
The beet crops of wheel have been grown upon heavy bush, timber,
and fern land; the latter deeply plaughed so as to turn up the rifler
red subsoil and then left to fallow for a year. Fern land
hastily prepared and inaufficiently worked, 'has not yielded
more than fifteen to twenty bushels per acre. Last year,
gnat was prevalent among the wheat, but by painstaking in
pickling the seed, the crops were for the most part clean and sound
kat harreet In tome instances between Bhp and sixty bushels
per fore were obtained from timber-land. It is not easy to state
the cant at the prevent time of preparing the ground for seed.
It is certain, however, that the high price of labour, owing
to its wareity, renders it questionable whether irrer land can be
broken up and cultivated to a profit,. The cost of clearing and
ploughing fern land would not be lees than 3/. per acre, of both
3i, and of heavy timber from V. to 121. The, price of wheat In New
Plymouth is from 3a. to is. per bushel, and of barley the same. Oats
in' small quantities have been mid at 4s. per bushel this season.
Unless the cost of growing, thee:thing, and grinding can be
reduced, those prices will not return the farmer hie outlay.
The charge for throttling and grinding will goon be diminish.al,
as a new and improved flour mill la in proems of erection, and a
threshing-machine Is nearly testy, but immigration can alone cut
down the price of manual farm labour.
As a consequence of the circumstances above mentioned, gyred
landowners and farmers are turning their attention to pasturage and
raining of stock. It is found that gnaws and clover, the white Dutch
! clover especially, grow luxuriantly on light railer. Mengel-warmed,
Swede turnips, as, carrots, and other toed for cattle, produce large
crops upon properly ampere& Native Rearms and ahrulavalgord
support for sheep, coma, Sec., but the expen.e of keeping the flocks
and bens together, the risk of lees from falling into pica, the damage
to mope and fences, and the necessity of wandering to procure sub-
sistence, have convinced all stockholders of the superior advantage of
feeding their cattle at or near home on herbage and vegetables.
There is at prevent a scarcity of working oxen. A pair of good
bullocks hexing been Fold for 33/. Cows vary from 141. to 20!. each.
An expected arrival from New Fonda Wales with live stock will
probably reduce these prices. The stock of sheep is small as yet, but
increasing and generally of good breeds. Piga are supplied by the
natives either overland from the districts to the north and south, or
in small omitting vessels. They are sold to the butckers at from Id.
to I%d. per lb., net weight, in exchange generally for tobacco and
clothing. The trade in fire-arms is now prohibited ; till lately the
natives frequently procured guns and ammunition for pigs.
1 he wages of labour for sdultaare 2s. sd. per day, working leisurely
nine hours. Children find plenty of employment; active toys, from
right years of age and upwada, can earn their own living.
The retail price. of the chief articles of consumption are as follows
Pork, 3d. per pound; mutton, &l. ; beef (rarely in the market), 6d. to
8,1.; brown sugar, Id. • leaf, Is.; (these prices are considered very
high;) bread, the 41b Last 6d.; butter, Is. to Is. 3d. per lb. ; beer,
Is. 6d. and Ts. per aeon (brewed in the aettlement): potatoes, Is. 6d.
per cwt.; turkeys, 3e. fat each; Cowie, Is. GC per mode; fish, when
naught by the natives., very cheap—say 4d. per lb. ; clothing generally
at reasonable prime, except shoes, which are dear—gout boys', 12s. to
15...; men's, 20a. per pair; lamp.oll is plentiful or scarce, dear or
cheers according to the varying results of the whaling season ; it is
totalled at from 11.9 d. to 2s. 6d. per gallon.
Very few persons pay house- ent; almost everybody has a dwelling
and garden or field of ads own raising his flour, potatoes, poultry,
and pork. Not a few labourers have from one to four scree in culti-
vation, and are thus independent of hired employment. The
cod of erecting a neat outage Is not great, as a va-
riety of valuable and serviceable timber is found In
the district (of most of these, epecimens have been sent to New
Zealand-home). The charge for one-inch hoards is Its. per 100 feet
but this in a high price, and cannot long be maintained. There I.
abundance of granitk reek on various parte of the beach, an excellent
material foe building. Masons find constant employment at Is. per
day. Limestone is generally procacerl from Massacre-hay and Wan-
gams, delivered at New Plymouth at IL per ton. There are large
quantities of limestone and coal on the Oinks of the Mokau river, but '
meet no arrangement has been made with the natives for removing it.
The quantity of land storeyed within the "block" awarded by Mr
Commiesioner Spain Is the company, is 23,000 acres; of this about
14,000 serer have been sold and selected. The selected land Is chiefly
dare upon the town, and on the banks of the Waiwallailio, Mon-
gouraki, Waiongoea, and WaiPwa Rivers. There are still unsold,
but iturreved and open to purchaser*, 11,000 acre., or 220 realms,
few of which are on the bantam( rivers, but nearly all excellent as re-
p-ants the quality of mil, and easily accessible. They comprise fern,
beak and timber land, flat, undulating, or hilly on the surface; and,
I believe, without exception, sufficiently watered by running
streams.
The minimum price of the "suburban" is 112/. 10s. per section.
or 43e. per acre; of" rural," 621. 10e., or 21,, per acre; of the unsold
Regions, 95 arc "suburban," the remainder "rural." There are
about 500 sections of town land unsold, and unoccupied by the en-
tiers, the minimum uric* 12/. 10e. per section of one quarter of an
acre each. Many well situated sections are still to be purehaaed.
It is to be especially noticed that the company's land in Taranaki is
in one continuous block; the suburban lands adjoining the " town,"
and the " rural " adjoining the "suburban," with a good road ten
miles in length, from the town to the Walken river, and goersl branch
roads opening up the country from the see, to the south and south-
From what has been gated, it appears that Taranaki mug mainly
rely far prosperity on its capability of producing food:Vim=
remunerating prime; and that it Is well adapted for
and stock-keepers of all dames. The climate Is excellent; with km
heat
and 1,10, re the northward. Red lees
wind, though more rain, than the Port Nicholson district. TLe pre-
sent has been an unusually wet season. Ocestionallyon the early
winter mornings, thin ice is seen, but vegetation continues in pro-
mos, more or lees, throughout the year, and, as in other parts of
New Zealand, the native tress and shrubs are evergreens.
I can safely say, that farm-labourers, and persons with some capital
and experience In agriculture, Ind stock-keeping farmers endangers,
may emigrate to New Plymouth with every propect of success. The
way has, indeed, been cleared for them, in gnu at measure, by the
early settlers.
I cannot hold out inducements to mechanics generally to leave Eng-
, land for this part of New Zealand ; but the success which boa attended
the experiments in growing English flax, and the preearations far
, sowing a considerable quantity of seed next miring, render it pro.
table that a few flax dreamers might find profitable employment It
Is now ascertained that the climate of Taranaki is peculiarly adapted
to theEnropeon flax.
I cannot recommend clerks or schoolmasters to settle in New Ply-
mouth.
There appears Whereat:l for one ritetantial firm, with commercial
connexions In England and New South Wales. The business would
be much the same as that carried on in the southern states of North
America, by" fadoes,”who regularly take theerops of the landowners
and farmers, eitherat a fixed peke or to sell on commission ; providing
their customers with necessaries at moderate prices, end comitionally
with small sums of money ; the amount of the advance being regu-
lated by the value of the crops pledged for semi* Although New
Plymouth has yan open
ng ~ra= there would. be no d
haniline anger or
ycsela
of any le; in
attention to the weather allybeing needed for safety.
The amount of business would increase with the produce of the soft.
During the present year, the quantity of four to be exported from
New Plymouth will he about SOO tons; and the quantity of salt
pork (excellent in quality), Night be very large. Profitable employ-
ment in whaling would also be within reach of merchants with money
at command.
There is an aboadmese stealer power in Taraneld ; so that, when
needed, every Oletrist coq have its flour and saw-ants. For a large
portion of the country, nig Waltera will afford a iMpping poet,
where small vessels, not eseasiling. 80 low burden, may safely Le iq
all ',asthma.
The European popalitkm at New Plymouth is, in round numbers
1,200, the einem 'lrwin weber an undue enema of adult males over
females. Thum Is • ezi= of Epiloopaliars, one of Wesley-am,
and one of Primve
As yet there mew
a• eve except customs duties, tavern, and ape-
tioncere' &am; let tt Improbable that a corporation will be estab-
lished In New fames*, when there may be some local impent-
dons. • • •