The Express.
London, England, 1849-12-13 00:00:00

THE UNITED STATES.

The British and North American Royal Mail
steam-ship America, which left New York on the 28th
ult., and Halifax on the let anived at Liverpool
yesterday, as was announced in our yesterday's im-
pression.
Our New York Correspcndent's letter contains all
the news of any consequence brought by this mail :

NEW YORK, Nov. 28.

As the sitting of congress approaches, we are be-
ginning to prepare ourselves for new excitement. Mr.
Clay has just left the city, after in vain striving to
avoid all public demonstretione. If he went oat he
was cheered, if he was hungry every mansion was
open to him, it he stood still for a moment he was
surrounded by thousands who clamorously demanded
that he should speak to them. When he re-
tired to rest bands of music serenaded
him ; in short, he was the idol of the hour, indeed he
has always been the idol of the hour—hours that
have extended to months and years. While he was
here there was much anxiety to know what course
he intended to take with regard to the administration
of General Taylor. He has avowed two things—
first, that he will make every possible effort to com-
promise the slavery question ; and next, will sustain
his friend Mr. Clayton, the Secretary of State, at all
hazards.
Scarcely had he left the city before General Cass
made his appearance. It is evident that the demo-
cretin party mean to make him their candidate foe
the next presidency. lie had arrived but a few
minutes in the city before the news of his arrival
spread through it like wildfire, and while he was 1
walking in Broadway with his friend Mr. Bred-
head, a committee from Tammany Hall chased after'
him, OT ertook him, and presented their congratulations
to him in the street. Upon his course and that of Mr.
Clay, much of our future depends. ithink both those
gentlemen will agree as to the necessity of a compro-
mise on the slavery question, and it Mr. Benton can
be made to forego some of his schemes, it will be
effected. One of the plans now proposed to " kill
ebolitieeisea," is to cede back the remaining portion of
the district of Columbia, to tee state of Maryland. A
part of it has already been thus ceded to Virginia. In
this way one constant source of irritation will be re-
moved. On the incorporation of the new Pacific
states into the union, the question will arise, whether
they sired be allowed to regulate their "domestic in-
stitutions" after their own pleasure or be restricted
by the Wilmot proviso. The agitation of this ques-
tion is therefore at hand. The present administra-
tion wish that the new states shall act as they like
in this matter, for they know that practically slavery
cannot exist in the new domain. The southern states
contend that their citizens have a right to remove
there with their slave property and be protected. Tele
will be the issue in the next Congress.
One of the most grievous annoyances under which
the commercial public now suffer, is the variety of
stringent regulations adopted by the new Secretary of
the Treasury with regard to our various custom-
hou«s. They are so numerous and vexatious as to
have excited the general displeasure of our merchants.
For example, when goods arrive here from a foreign
port without an invoice, it. has been the practice, as a
matter of course, to have them examined by the
government appraisers, who fix the rate of duties ac-
cording to the value. Now it has become neces.ary
in such cases to send a written application to the
secretary at Washington for an order to appraise,
before an appraisement can take place; and this
causes great delay, and often a very serious injury.
A fe iv days ago a cargo of fruit arrived from
a foreign port, and the consignee was without
an invoice. The goods were seized, and, because
they were perishable, they were immediately sold by
the government fur what they would bring. The
eimingLeo previously asked for au appraisement,
uttered to pay the duties, no matter what they might
be, or to give bonds to produce the invoice, in vain.

COMMERCIAL INTELLIGENCE.
(From the New lark Courier and Enquirer.)

New Iroitx, Nov. 28.—The commercial, manufacturing,
and anicultural Interests of the country have rarely, if ever, presented
at thin season of the year so great a degree of prosperity as is now ex-
hibited. The weather is unusually mild and pleasant. Produce to
pouring into the cities from Ml quarters, whilst goods are still finding ,
their way into the interior in return. At the south, the cotton plant-
ers have not failed to avail themseivesof the genial weather, and "the '
picking" has been carried on touch later than was anticipated some
time ago. This Ms added materially to the crop : still we cannot find
that it Is likely to go much beyond the estimate of 2,100,000 bales.
We have men numerous letters tram the south, all written pretty
much in the same strain. We have conversed with a number of in-
telligent gentlemen from Miesittippi, and they all agree that the crop
in that state is infinitely superior to the eroo in MinassippL The crop
is Louisiana and Texas are reported to be far short of an average
7aGeorgia appears to be the only cotton growing state that
make anything like an average crop, and notwithstanding the
favourable accounts of the crop in that state, which are given to the
public by news pees. )et theme are many let. Ingeut planters in
Georgia who estimate the crop of the state at less than three-quarters
of an average crop.
Corms—The market closed on the 19th inst. as advised per
Cumbria, with a dull feeling and an anxiety on the part of
holders to realise. Our quotation at that date was for middling fair
to fair Uplands Plc. to Ile. For the five days suomedir,g, the sales
ara•unted to 10,210 bales, prices gm:Malty yielding ; the lowest point
reached was on the 24th inst. when sales were made of lair Uplands
at 10Ie , gully fair at lOic., and good fair at 101 e. This was under the
general anticipation of le. decline per Caledonia. Her &deices were
reetived on Sunday the 22th inst., and their tenor beteg the reverse of
anticipations, the mirket opened with an active demand ou Monday
at lc. to Ic. advance, with sales to the extent of 2,200 bake. To-clay
the inquiry ban been very animated, and all the cotton offere.. has
been taken. The Pales reported on 'Change were 2,700 bales, and tub-
es quently 1,500 to 2,000 bales on the basis of 11c. for fair Uplands.
The quotations at foot are adjusted to conform to the business doing.
The buying during the week has been chiefly for export and home use.
The disposition to speculate hi checked by the course pursued by
I the planters in forcing their crops to market, causing heavy
accumulations at Southern ports and leading from increased
receipts to increased estimates of the crop. But the point of uttered
I for the holder of cotton in Liverpool is the quantity cleared from the
United States. The exports to Great Britain (as per statement at
s fiat) since the Ist September amounts to only 01,000 bales, against
190,890 same period lad year. Of this quantity, 14,303 hales have
• been cleared sham the let inst., amine. 100,000 during the same
period BM season. In reference to the growing crop, kilieg frost
' occurred at Cheraw. South Carolina, Maraca, and Columbus, Georgia,
. on the 9th inst., and at Montgommy, Alabama, on the 10th. Still
public opinion here inclines to a yield of 2,250.000 to 2,300,000 bales
We have no tido ices of killing frost either In Alabama (except at Mont-
i dowry. which Is believed to have been local), Misineelppi, or Louis-
, iana time diApoPitioo, therefore. to Increase estimates in come-
- quince of the mild, One weather, which prevailed at the latest dates,
is becoming inure general bell at Motile and New Orleans. We still
' believe that the benefits tesulting from a late and open fall are over-
. estimated, and that the dispoxiion of planters to hutry their crops to
' market, to realise the high prices current, induce enormous concha-
, *ions of the aggregate yield.
ATATIMY.NT Or ar.CFirril AND KLIVITs.
Receipts. Uports to Gt. Britain. To Prance.
• 1049 417,340 81,103 47,011
1010 469,013 196,390 41,366

Decrease 32,229
113,287 blame, 1,625
Merida and N. 0. Texas,
Upload. and Mobile.
Inferior .. ... ..... ............. to 9i to
Ordinaty.to rood"r;a:
Mid. to good mid.
Mid. lair to Or
Volt). rdr to tine
/*tektite to Liverpool wire at 7.3. d.; to Ilarte, active ut C.

The goods were sold, because the delay in obtaining the °Mk° dmes.natilisvil-7.77'.'s *k.
the requisite order might deteriorate the value of the or Canadian, the egos wkieft-k;fectivirtlet as
cargo, and it brought a price which not only ocea- bondiorwietlleoneterece ter:
3ssnall °versa." f•-aor.:lt seat
gloried a loss to the owners, but seriously affected the L",_"
4 do.. 12ie. to 4 dols. 23a. for one, 4 dais'. 1114 t. ir
4r.n2.
market, So much for having an unpractieed lawyer sour, 4 dole. 62. e. to 4 dots. 73e. for cceueeetkat:o6.,73e„ tor
at the bead of the Treasury. A storm is brewing in reter,e, 4ancigat ri24so.d:ileifgrortr.
2ssift;.crid mass sem:',lpizst
consequence, and Mr. Meredith will be displaced, if • remains dull at 5 dot,, 230. to 5 dots. 370., forre °mew s, C
Whim;
very powerful influence can succeed in effecting its By.
Roca Is tive at 2 dole. 94e. to 3 doh.
purpose. Coin blast dull at 3 dots. to 3 23c. for Jersey am Brandl met.
It is believed that there will be found quite a large Gllll _llC—Wheat is in moderate supply and holders Lira la
dtletafitcirlaancy inofofraroentre2lrte73dOmmielillgithones comingilbe year, and
sii°23iiii""ortBGentgere4ade, inw:eallante6.l"oß3rbet:E.marnFerattt°6oe.W°l" rdleire7lekaads:Zgail4'zed,:smilee;
from the present congrees. The cause of this will be re. Oa* have agr"lfln !t gc6l" NWthan4
found to be the unexpected balances due far the ex- utc.Tf.or nut( Teakw ate. for round
renet.for thane 4
et, us:
penes of the Mexican war. Mr. Meredith it is hem& New Yora Courier and Bordreri
said will recommend specific duties on some Agim•-A"ut "0 bb" Can'aa Vol have been tenfred
the past week, a portion at which were said at 7 doh.
articles now levied on the ad valorem principle, and minder skip= hunt first hands. New York inspecteg',o--tr,ra.
the laying of duties on many articles now e
dote. 311 c. to 6 dais 5240. per 100Iba• pearls at're (Mr'
admitted flee. I think this modification will be ap- 5„.,„.--rbe market for the mot three de
haiteen
proved of. Meantime, the question arises, shall the dull, and r pewee have declined te. per lb. an straseeplemreadi
deficit in the interim be made up by a loan on the r3;.l%f°aniZet: k
moatit!°slti C4lt, softoilic.; New OceotaPt
issue of Treasury notes ? The latter would certainly Lea men kinds is estiswo a
be the best form, for now, since our territories have
rcohic priers
hream.the-Seir m
adraneed 4c. per arket
aebtouhast liii:ll67serieznpleircineteirtam(n car
t.,
become so vast and populous, we are much in want 12 000
of a lees cumbersome medium of exchange than gold 3,000 bags, sells at 105. to Ile.; St. Domingo, Sc. to ; 661 k
s am*
arenindosteilvceirre.
ulOaturionl,ocwahliiceurTrerenucyur:; nbot
oeciiticareulateevderfyor. of 1
9, y
sates ot•ibr
itrpo_ritomeghfot,
ezpontiee. hisphirieltd.
oat
where sought for, and furnish the safest modes of re-
to ahave beffehelieafoldimielirine the last thr„
=Mance and exchange. These Treasury notes would emist!ilmeaten. Tar, 1 dol. 75c. To I dor-877,.f0rN-Th °vie
pass freely at par and above par, without bearing PROTIPIOI.I. -Pork is rather dull, and may taiuoted atle,.V.i.e.
more than two or three per cent. interest. for mess, and 8 dole. Vic. to dole. 50c. prime. prime
beef, 16 dots. ; city barrels, 10dols. for mere and 7 Cols f
A singular fact may here be alluded to, and it is country inspected ditto, 6 dots. to 6 dols. 21c. for Whine, ~74s
quite appropriate, that Holland has reduced the
...awe tol69:.lottne.for;mrther Bduesetterfproneivelr.gfrerelyft.i MSS,.
toquietes
current value of gold in payment of debts in conse-
quence of its abundance.
74c.
-Me
—theWi:sit:faint.te—Che:Nr r'prerle:elli;:feoirnbuch7likeaet:l°le l'aliters;Lar"itiotel:klult4ovebftblien"dt6l:4
Nearly all the gold which is brought from Cali ttutlae To
-
fornia to the United States is purchased in our flour le taken at 25.• lard, 23..• woad, 276 ed.; ehasse,
ctuorrle6ndcoylem. payer
boeunoceb.,grain 4d. M dd- ,i,10; La.Tureerlremeln.4eCottoikeszd%
oalts.fro'finoulr4ledgoalle.
currency
while hereth leered'
taioed for it. If tne supply continues to be as large ashes, rice, &c.. S dole. To Ants cap 3lc. To dew.
as is anticipated, it must have its effect on our legal °Ptita tur.Perineree' 35ce mttotren, this packet hie been
standard. And as I have already written you, there increased quantity of bite having a tendency still further Ito depra
TT*
rte toT
Prance,
is ni) ruivemlite in specie exmpt tia tras
is no doubt that California ie full of gold, and those
itio.°f raver
oco or MAW dollar, but as this is urTruaellpya:koentskrrce"ri'
English papers that declared the first etores of Pa
abundance to be Yankee lies mast by this time have of merchandise between the two countries, it does not I.9ectijo
found out their mistake. market except in times of great warmly.
01100:4 Excitssons.-On London, 1061 to 109; Preis, h
We have some scraps of foreign intelligence from se 25e.; Bremen, rel to 701; Amsterdam, Cita 401;
various quarters. We have, by the way of New to 354*
Orleans, dates from the city of Mexico to the 20th
ult., and from Vera Cruz to the 22nd inclusive. The
story of the insurrection at Cmula, and the disper-
sion of the rebels, is confirmed. It was a small
affair at best.
The members of the Mexican Congress have been
openly charged with being bribed by some atcck
capitalists, in order to prevent the passage of a law
which would affect their interests. Tne Apaches
were again ravaging Durango, the inhabitants appa-
rently unable to defend themselves.
Robberies and murders are on the increase through-
out Mexico, and the authorities are powerless to
check them. The country is indeed in a shocking
condition, and is really to be pitied. The wealthy
inhabitants continue to deplore the absence of the
American armies.
From Yucatan the news is of the same character.
Hostilities between the Indians and the whites have
been resumed.
The following brief abstract of letters recently
published in this city may eery k as a brief chronicle
of the latest events. Gold is taken in large quanti-
ties, but only witn hard labour. It is very plentiful
at San Francisco, where much of it is bought up on
English account.
The facilities of communication between San Fran-
cisco are to be increased, by the addition of two
steamers to Howland and Aepinwall's line, one of
them, the Unicorn, having already reached her
station, and the other, the Tennessee, being about to
depart for hers in a few days. The Senator, an oppo
sition boat, has arrived out safely; the Isthmus and
Gold Hunter go in a few days, and the Sarah Sands,
follows en the 10th of December. At present the,
roads on the isthmus are almost impassable, so much
so, that the express lines here have declined for the
present taking any heavy freight. The forwarders
(Spaniards and negroes) at Chagres have nearly
doubled their prices of transportation, charging 30
cents a pound for goods. They are perfectly faithless
in their contracts, and there is no remedy, except to
trust them no longer. The rains have been unusually
heavy and prolonged, and under all these inconve-
niences, the friends of the Nicaragua and Tehuante-
pec routes are urging their scheme., with fresh hopes
of success.
One of the last remittances of gold dust, addressed
to a house in Baltimore, was found deficient in
quantity about 10,000 dole. A hole was discovered
under one of the iron straps of the box which con.
tallied it, and it was at first believed the ore had been
abstracted on its route. On further examination,
however, it was ascertained that this must have been
a rude by the thieves in California. The box con-
tained several eanieters,and it was perceived that those
which were full had made deep indentations in the box
where they stood, while the empty canister had made
no impression on the interior surface of the box, ergo,
and must have been empty all the way. In conse-
quence of this theft our insurance offices have &-
I mended, as I learn, one per cent. additional for in-
surance where the clause respecting robbery is re-
tained in the policy.
A few days ago the crew of the United States'
ship Germantown, lying at the Navy-yard, in Gos-
port, Virginia, broke out into a " sudden mutiny."
The cause of it is still unknown, but for the first time
in our naval history, has a national vessel been in the
hands of mutineers. The officers were unable to main-
tain their authority ; and it was only when a boat
pushed off for assistance to the other ships on the
station, that an order to man the starboard battery
was obeyed, and the ring leaders were seized and put
in irons. The few officers on board are said to have
behaved with the greatest coolness and courage.
We are to have a new Spanish consul-general at
this port. It has long been occupied by an American
of the name of Stoughton, but since the "secret ex-
pedition" it has been determined that a true Castilian
,s to keep watch and ward over the Spanish interests
in New York. We have a large number of Spaniards
with us-merchants, importers, students, and even
editors!

COLONIAL.
CANADA.
The only news of moment from this colony relates
to disturbances by the Indians at the mines of the
Quebec Mining Company. The Quebec Giewejek
states that the Indians had taken possession rf the
mines, and killed two men. The truth of U sgat,.
went is doubted. Accs,unts from Toronto represeet
that soldiers had been sent to the scene of Li-tort.

aoce, and order restored. From our New York car-
rel:student we have the following communication re-
lattve to this and other Canadian affairs : _

" We have later intelligence from Canada in nil,
tion to the difficulty between the Indians and the
Quebec Mining Company. They are so seri,us as to
have required the interposition of the military nutho•
rities. Their history, as it is derived from Ai..erican

sources, is as follows :
"About four years ago the Canadian government
issued permits for the exploration of the mineral
lands in the neighbourhood of Lakes Huron and Supe-
rior. The Indians finding that some of these ei.
plorers not only made examirations but began work,
and that some of the companies, such as tl.e Quebec,
actually made purchases ot these lands, some .4 then
consisting of cultivated farms, remonstrated a ith the
government on the injustice of its proceedingq- and a
delegation repaired to Montreal to seek redress. The
delegation returned with promises only, and carried
back a spirit of discontent, which was soon followed
by the desire of revenge. They openly dm .arced
the treatment they received from the governor e, to
which they had been so loyal, and compared it with
hat which their reit brethren on the A merit:ea
side receive from the President. An here
let me remark that however we hare at
various times overstepped the bounds of ha.
manity in our conduct to the poor India,'
recently our policy has been a most kind one. A de.
legation of Indian chiefs, when desirous ot ‘ihitiog
Washington to retirees a grievance, is always a -ended
by a gown meat officer and interpreter, and is cot
veyed free of expense going and returning. It
feasted and feted every step of the way, and every
care is taken to make the chiefs as happy as prssible
during theM journey. The President receive a them
in due form, hears their complaints, and sees that they
are attended to. All our acquisitions of their lands
are paid for handsomely,—a large sum doer, lad
annuities as long as the tribe exists. In this way
some of the survivors of formerly powerful nation
receive each very large sums ot money, and the pos.
session of this induces them to give up their former
°sotto, and to lean to civilisation and religion. The
Canadian Indians have not failed to obArve this.
Last autumn, however, two British commissioners
appeared at the Sault; but instead of fixing a time
and place to meet the Indians in council, ss is cus-
tomary, they endeavoured, during a journey around
the lakes, to settle the impending difficulties by indi-
vidual bargains. Finally, however, a council wee
hastily summoned, not a large one, when it appear.
ing that the commissioners had no authority t. offer
any price per acre, the chiefs dissolved it, wi: cat
coming to any conclusion, except that of taking the
first opportunity of a-tacking the miners. A Awl
time since a body of Indians and half-breeds, heeded
by a Scotchman named McDonald, with a six.p..under
stolen from the Hudson Bay Company, set off from
the Sault, to capture the works LI the Quebec Com.
pany at Point la Maine. The English Coilector
of the Customs at the Sault immediately
started in a canoe to reach the scene of
action before the Indians should come ap,
and, as it was supposed el Detroit he would be enc.
credal in his attempt, and be able to prepue the
miners, 200 in number, for a vigorous defence, a
bloody conflict was anticipated. One company of
British regulars from the Upper Lake had been
despatched as fast as possible to Point le Maine;
some troops at Toronto had teen sent up, and four
companies were on their way from Montreal. It
appears that the Canadian government have sold the
location to the miners for about 400 dollars, and have
received as their per tentage from the works about
60,000 dollars, while the Indians themselves hays
been diepsse.sed of their lands, and have not received
for them a single penny. If this statement be true,
there has been a great lack of fairness and good
management on the part of the Canadian authorities.
"We have, by telegraph, another curious piece of
information from Canada : that the change of
the seat of government to Toronto has been
found to be illegal, and that Lord Elgin has offered
the catholic priests to give up to them the celebrated
Jesuit estates in the lower province, if they will agree
to put down annexation.

BERMUDA.
The following has reached us from New York :
suspect, however, it is but an inaccurate version of
the late Trinidad riots. It would be strange if the
same blunder should have been committed with the
same results by the legislatures of two of our coleniee
so nearly at the same time:
" From Bermuda, we have accounts by the way of
Charleston, of a etrarge character. It seems that the
legislative council having attempted, by the intro.
duction of a law to place debtors- in gaol with erd'
nary criminals, and subject them to the vote
discipline, a riot took place at Hamilton,
and before it could be quelled several lives
were lost. Wo have not yet heard the
particulars. It is certainly very curious that any
body of legislators should di sire to consider debtors
as criminals. Not satisfied with the expensive ms'
chinery of the law now at work to aid creiitois
is
the collection of their dtbte, debts voluntarily per
mitted for the sake of a profit only, and not ler the
public good, they seek to Once insolvents on the so ne
tooting as thieves and murderers. No law compels
auy men to give credit to another. It is bis
oaa
folly if he does eo, and the public should not be eons•
gelled to part with its money to repair his want of
sense. Better make all debts mere debts of honour.,
than continue this system. A nun who gives wed
to another, should do so on the character (?f the
buyer, and not on the security of a prison uniturp2.
Caveat enipt,,r, says antiquity. Good sense, replies
caveat vendor."

PORT PHILLIP.
REFUSAL TO RECEIVE EXILES.
The Randolph, 664 tons, W. Dale, from Wooitittit
29th Aim!, wan vides, and a detachment of the j.,SM and
11th regiment% arrived at Port Phillip on the Bth
Latrobe
Witt esi
notwithstanding an order had been given by blr.
that no coLviet vessel should pass the Heads, the Batalolo