The Express.
London, England, 1853-12-30 00:00:00

PRoGREsS OF CHOLERA

A WORD ABOUT CHRISTMAS.

- . -
,rieow vat cizecatt soma. or naltra.l
Though since the last anuouncement them has
been a general sut.eidence of etveces, as was the east:
at ft''''s period of the year m la la, yet there has
Area Ito slay in which cacti of the disease have not
occurred in different parts of the country. ; but in
England it has rarely assumed an epidemic charac-
ter. Its pew:ribs appears to have been particularly
checked during the recent cold and frosty weather
in those Metrics which are in u marshy condition,
and the surface and malarious evaporation of which
is usually in proportion to the elevation of the tem-
perature.
On the other hand, in Scotland the disease has
been all along steadily persistent, and in several
places has assumed an epidemic chareeter. Scarcely
is the severe visitation of Dundee terminated when
a decided outbreak has taken place at Glasgow.
There were recorded from the 17th to the 25th
instant 17 deaths from this disease. On the 26th
there occurred suddenly tei attacks in the city parish
alone, and 10 deaths in the Barony paribh.• This
was followed the next day (the 27th) by 28 attacks
and 9 deaths in the City parish, and 13 attacks and
3 deaths in the Barony parish. Dr. Gavin, the
medical inspector, is on the spot, and with the co-
operation of the local authorities is actively engaged
in organizing preventive measures. During the epi-
demic of 1848 and 1849 Glasgow buffered more severely
than almost any other large city in Great Britain. It is
remarkable that in Scotland the disease has proceeded
unchecked by the cold of winter. In 1848 the pesti-
lence was at its height in Glasgow, on the Ist day of
the year of 1819, while the ground was covered with
snow and severe frost prevailed; and at the same
time it raged with great violence at Coatbridgc and
several other towns.
Since the commencement of the epidemic there
have occurred in Dundee 315 deaths, in Liff and
Bernie 20 deaths, in Leith 9, in Kilburnie 15 deaths
and 100 attacks of diarrlicea, in Dairy 14 attacks of
cholera and 9 deaths, in Arbroath 20 deaths, and in
Iteith 7, in Kilwinning 60 cases of choleraic disease,
13 cases of developed cholera, and 10 deaths.
The a ccuunts given by the inspectors of the phy-
sical conditions in which large bodies iif new popu-
lations in manufacturing districts are found in places
previously the seats of cholera are exemplified in the
following account given by Mr. I'. H. Holland of
the condition of Merthyr Tydvil, visited in conse-
quence of 1,312 de iths from cholera having occurred
there during the visitation in 1814.9, and of its con-
tinued high rate of mortality. It appears that in
this new manufacturing population, in 1041, the loss
of life, as compared with other places in a better
sanitary condition, such es 'fregaron, was on an
average 12 years to every adult who died; and that
while the deaths from epidemic diseases were in
'fregaron 22 in 1,000, in Merthyr Tydvil they were
82 in 1,000.
"The first circumstance (says Mr. Holland) that
must strike every visitor at Nlerthyr is the extreme
and universal dirtiness and wetness of the town. I
have visited many dirty places, and have generally
been taken to see the worst parts of most of the,
worst towns in England. With the worst parts of
London and Manchester I am familiar; that extremely
dirty city, Bristol, I have recently examined, but
never did I see anything which could compare with
Merthyr. It is not merely mud that is a cause of con-
stant annoyance and discomfort, not merely that there
are no proper footpaths and the roadways generally
abominable, rendering clean shoes an impossibility ;
not merely that in many parts nothing that can be
fairly called a road exists at all, mere tracks worn by
horses, wheels, and passengers into a puddle; but
ever/whom seen along roads and paths constantly
keepinnewil. are visible indications of the absence of
those places of accommodation generally thought in-
dispensable. So universal is the presence of this
filthiest of filth, that it requires constant watchful-
Ms to avoid treading in it. This is described with
force at pages 30 to 34 of Mr. Bammell's
Report; and, so far as I can judge, the
evil there exposed still remains in as great
force as ever. The pollution of the air and of
springs and streams from which many of the poor
derive their only supplies of water, the inevitable in-
decent expouire of the person (ride page 33) and
injury to the modest, who are compelled to resist
the calls of nature till nightfall (vide Mr. White's
statement, p. 32), all continue unabated ; at any
rate, it is difficult to imagine them worse than they
now are, except by those familiar with the extreme
mischiefs endured by the poor of neglected places. I
can hardly expect credence for such facts as the fol-
lowing, yet it is perfectly free from ex-
aggeration. I saw a young woman filling
bar pitcher from a little stream of water
pelting from a cinder-heap, the surface of
which was so thickly studded with alvine deposits
that it was difficult to pass without treading in them,
in some of which I saw intestinal worms, and the
rain then falling was washing the feculent matter
into the water which the girl was filling into her
pitcher, no doubt for domestic use. If such an
indication of utter barbarism were met with in the
account of some distant land it would be apt to be
taken as a " traveller's tale," but here, such is the
deficiency in the supply of that main necessary of
life, water, that not only at this one point,
but in many parts of the town, is the only
supply to be obtained similarly polluted. Mer-
thyr presents ono of the most strongly-marked
cases of the evil so frequently observed of allowing
&village to grow into a town without providing the
HIIIPSIM of civic organisation. It is the theory of
Misses faire carried out to its legitimate conclusion.
Nothing has been done by united action for all, every
one has been left to get his own supply of water as
be could, and get rid of the refuse from his dwelling
ash. could, to make, and mend, and cleanse his owe
rends and the local government seems to have been
eentined to two only objects (to which some contend
all government should be confined) to tax and to
punish. As a natural consequence we find
that the only water most of the poor
can get is polluted, and even that cannot be
ibtained, but with toil and difficulty in scanty quan-
tity, and at an expense in money and money's worth
(time and labour) far exceeding that for which by
eembined action water might be provided for all, in
esistinted quantity (soft and pure), and procurable in
every house at any time. At Newport by means of
combined effort of all for each through the action of
their local board, the company are supplying every I
house of below 101. rent with unstinted and continu-1
ous supply of water, as soft as rain, and as
pure as spring water, at 1;c1. and 2d. a
week, or say a farthing a day. At Mer-
thyr, where each must supply himself the
Rev. E. Jenkins thus reports, " During winter there
are from six to eight spouts, some half a mile, some
a mile, distant from the houses; but in summer they
are often reduced to three, the remainder being dried
up. At these water spouts (pyshtylls, as they call
Lthem in Wales), I have seen fifty, eighty, as many as
s hundred, people awaiting their turn. The rule is
la[ arriving.
each should be supplied according to the time
arriving. The women have told tue they have
waited six, eight, and ten hours at a tune for
their turn, and some then obliged to go away
without any water at all. The have been
known to wait up the whole of the night.
Drainage, like water supply, has been left to indivi-
dual effort and with like results. The Merthyr
Board of Health have now existed above two years,
but nothing like systematic drainage has been in all
that time attempted much less accomplished. 1 am
told there is a difference of opinion as to the right
mode of proceeding. Some urge the inexpediency
of making any drains until the main outlet is pro-
vided ; others that the system should be laid down
on paper, and such sewers as are most urgently
wanted constructed first, using the river as
the outlet pro tempore, taking care of course
that all such sewers shall be capable of being here-
after brought into the system. To this it is objected
that, to make drains empty into the river, is only
removing the nuisance front one part of the town to
another, and it is better to do nothing than not do it
completely. Te this I venture to rejoin, that filthy
water in the river, bad as it would be, will be much
less bad than the same filth where it now is, close
among the houses; that when there are two evils, if
we remove one we shall hereafter find it more ray
to cure the other, and that the best way of getting
work accomplished is to begin at once."

vo TIIR trot THR MILT yea,
Stu,—lfespite the doubtful look of things abroad,
England "at home" is gill bu.y with its Christ-
mas holiday'-making. Christmas aui"...eMetts are
about as Id ark Christrual itself in England, and I
llornt of the oldest ,putts remain, with mere modifie s-
lim, of hem and topic; but them is novelty enough
to impress very deeply the observer of his tutees. The
Pantomime is legitimately descended from the old
ma-spiersding extravaganzas which stfiaded popular
license for satirising the faults and fullita of the
time. Where, three centuries ago, we should have
n lazy monks and rapacious courtiers played off
ot. the stage of that day, ur in street groupie we now
Live 111 hi Orettue bribed for his lirentford vote.
Where, in the days of Columbus, we should have
Lr 1 feuvitul reprowntations of the very odd euun-
trie 4, with their very odd products, set down in the
nwpv of the tune, we have now Lethe's
Wharf, in the kingdom of Stab Quo, with
Col:imbue himself engaged as an explorer, and sent
along the viaduct of Orme Ignotuni, to examine the
region of I'io Magnifico. Hero we have the old
form of Allegory, applied to the great idea of the
age—the superseesiou of the stationary by the pro-
grew.ive ttoderwy. While allegory remains we shell
Dot lose the fairies. The popular belief in them is ,
gone, and they have become allegorical. There is !
no help for that : but they mat' linger a long while
notwithstanding. 'there are hits in the new panto-
mimes at foreign politics, at the modern affliction of
ennui, at the London Corporation, and so on—quite
in the spirit of former centuries, whose Christmas
ripens have always reflected the topics of the time.
But the old recreations do not suffice for the London
of our day ; and no wonder, when we consider w hut
the London of to-day is, in regard to
the number and quality of its inhabitants.
Our population —the population of London and its
environs—is about the same as that of the whole
kingdom of Portugal. The caterers of our Christmas
amusements undertake much such a task as if they
proposed to entertain the whole Portuguese nation,
While, therefore, the traditional amusements of
merry England are preserved end carefully perpetu-
ated, there is room and demand for many new ones:
and it is in these new ones that the thoughtful ob-
server finds so much suggestion and gratification.
It was a great day for civilised nations when
Panoramas were deviled. This is one among the
boons which arc insufficiently acknowledged. I
do not say insufficiently estimated—because it
appears, front the great increase of panoramas, that
they must be well supported. But, as an educa-
tional agency, they appear so valuable that
it is a wonder that a very prominent place
is not given them among the features of
the age. It is true, panoramas suppose a
certain amount of knowledge. A spectator must
have some 'action of a country before he wishes to see
its picture. But the first readings in all popular
libraries are, I believe, of Voyages and Travels, as
these are the first choice of the schoolboy for his holi-
day reading ; and upon this naturally ensues the
eager desire to see the picture of the lands, seas,
cities, and their natives, already conceived of through
busks. There is probably nobody in Eugland of the
multitudes interested in our Polar expeditions, and
the fate of Franklin, who has not availed himself
of ant opportunity of seeing the Pular panoramas,
good and bad. The friends of emigrants to Ame-
rica or Australia flock to see New York, Niagara,
Mexico, and California, the Overland Journey, and
the Ocean Mail panoramas ; and multitudes more,
whose interest comes through books only, go to
ace as many as are within reach. Constanti-
nople is an important one at present ; and,
no doubt, as soon as there is one of any
part of the Black Sea which is much referred to
in the newspapers, or of the Circassian coast, or of
the Lower Danube, we shall all be flocking to see it.
It would have been a wonderful thought to our
fathers, if the provision had been theirs, that all the
remarkable scenes of the globe would be some day
presented in life-like aspect to the humblest stayer
at home. Mr. Wyld's Great Globe ranks higher
still. The pictorial pleasure here yields to the
more abstract satisfaction of a comprehensive and
scientific contemplation. It may be doubted whether
the most scientific geogr ,pher could enter that Globe
without emotion. It is a great aid to the imagina-
tion to stand in the midst of so large a presentment
of the proportions and great natural features of the

world we lice in.
Our Botanic Gardens are another boon, even when
their grasmplats are sheeted with snow, and all the
leave. that can fall are under it. Such gardens are
resorted to almost as eagerly now as at midsummer,
wherever they are freely opened. Now is the time
for the beauty of the pine tribe and of all evergreens
to be estimated ; and now are their varieties most
obvious. The conservatories are a prodigious treat,
and it is better than fairyland to the working man's
family to walk through an avenue of ferns, and look
up among the green lights shed through the leaves
of plantains, and the network of air plants, and the
canopy of climbers, rich and rare. AU these scenes of
profitable recreation lead forward our thoughts to
the grandest of all, which is yet to come—the
Sydenham Palace—in which they will be all com-
bined, with much more that perhaps no working-
man yet dreams of. Our present condition, as to
popular recreation, is but a transition state, com-
pared with what it will be when that palace, and
the smaller ones which are sure to arise among our
People's Parks, shall have become an institution.
The one thing that we ought to desiderate most is
a greater extent and variety of active sports.
Why, so long as we have green commons in summer,
and frozen ponds and rivers in winter, should there
not be cricket, racing, and wrestling, curling, skating,
and methodical snowballing, as of old? The popular
limbs and lungs want more, not less, exercise,
as the popular brain becomes busier. It is very
pleasant to see a silent crowd listening to a lecturer
under a roof, and also to hear the gay laughter in
the theatre, on pantomime nights : but we should
also oftener see, wherever there are people's parks or
any kind of playground within the four seas, the
flush of exercise and the triumph of skill in active
games, and hear the shouts of the players ringing
through the frosty air. This is now the popular
seed in the matter of sport. Many of us who have
more or leas interest in the rural districts could
sorely do something to supply it. How many will
take the hint? z.

SUBMARINE TELEGRAPH ACROSS THE TAT.—The
steamer Monarch, with the cable on board, arrived in the
Tay on Seturday forenoon, and, after starting front the
south, the cable.was safely sewed' en the north shore at'
left-pest 2 p.m.; the operation having been conducted
voider the saperfoteadswee of the manager of Timm R.
R. Rowell end Ca.'s weeks at Gateshead (the makers of the
t able), and the engineer of the Electric Telegraph Com-
pany In inner to avoid the roadstead off FerryTort-oit-
Cr mg, it has been laid down in a straight line between the
gp:nr lighthouse as the Fife shore and the Hare Craig, on
the oath, and the communication will be effected by wires
two th. station of the gainbergh Railway at Ferry-port-
es.cee ig on tl.e ens side, sad the wires being ran akin the
to the office of the Telegraph Company
U the Harever.bsildings, Doek-steeet. Telegraphic mes
sages can Own be sent at once from Dundee, not only to
places in th:o isountry, but likewise to the Continent. —Dem
eke Adrertiser. .
WHOLE.4I.I EXECUTIONS—At Eate, in the .;,,ocn-
hada-Venetian province, ow the 19th, fifteen men Were
dent, is *agouti/ Ns of a entente of courtmartial, for mur-
ders and acts of brigandage. They were ell eaeeuted at
the same lima. They
.formed part of a band of men,
gag ;ha jengaining 24 wars condemned to periods of int-,
primmest. with Ord lehOils,7o/7iattrallt AMP to oightoen

FILMS IN CALIFORNIA.—Fires have been of rather
bequest occurrence us various parts of the state. Two at-
tempts have been made to fire the city of Stockton, and a
fire was timely suppressed in the ctly of Sacramento.
Dowaieville also gm near being destroyed by fire, and
Sonora has again boss a sufferer. The Wu is navy
plates bats alas beta tithed by conflagrations.

~• J ..

THE EXPRESS, FRIDAY EVENING, DECEMBER 30, 1853.

TIM POLWE COURiS.

k.l not to walk on with him to Mr. Freet.e.
We went tegatt, r and met Mr. Frets* by his ,ffiee. The
erisoner thin t a Mr. Vrease that he seatitiil u French
Issught. JA.! a' Mr. Free' left the priaoner rid to
me." Bat I wart 1 iu rash." This I me:Ai-tied tc
Mr. Frrerc who said he *mill come back in a qu'rti r of
on hour. I was ro: preaent whin the sc.,ney was paid over.
1 1 id u''tsc, OIL tosOnir again ti;t he came to my office in
company arorrester. Mr. Free'* then said " 1 want
I said I had no ',POOL The prisoner then stepped
forward and ,aid that 101, had ins meted 1,000/. to be sent
t't me, and ti.at I wad to 41.t0i1l it when it rains for Mr.
Freest. lie then said, .• Let us go to my office, perhaps
the money will he there," or " We may find the money
titre." They then left. I not go to the prisontr's
office. Mr. Freese came back about an hour afterwards,
and when I asked him what was the matter, he said it was
a forgery.
Mr. Goodman :chief clerk)—At the time the prisoner
spoke to you and said that he had made an appointment at
the office of Mr. Free,, to he there at hall-past one, and
I also that be w..uted to buy a bill on France, you knew that
he riferrid to the bill for 2,4501. ?

MANSION-HM:B2.
THE GREAT BILL FORGERIES.
Yesterday Lavine been hoed fur the further exim'nation
of Warms .41telteion, who seen is eh aged with having
committed Lreeriee of a meat extensive nature, lon before
the hour of eommeneing business the justice room was
densely crowded by influential merchants and others, many
of them sutterete from the miscr nduct of the prisoner.
The Lord Mayor presided. Sir R. W. Carden and
A:dermsn Ilumphery were ales upon the beech. Short..y
after 12 o'clock the prisoner was placed at the bar in ens
tody of John Forrester.
Mr. Nobler, who appeared for the prisoner upon the
former examination, was ageiu iu attendance.
The depositions of the witnesses in connexion with the
barge egainst the accused of haring filoniuusly uttered a
iseged acceptance for 2.25 e/. with itittut to defraud M •
Wemeruley and Burt, well knowing the same to be
forged, were Tend over end signed.
After the usual caution, wen being asked what he had to
say in auswir to the chaue, the prisoner, through his soli-
citor, said be should reserve his defence. Ile was then
committed, and the witnesses were bound over to prosecute.
The prisoner was next charged with having feloniously
uttered a forged acceptance fur the sum of 2,4801., with a
I view to defraud Mr. Philip Conrad F , well knowing
the same to be forged.
Mr. Philip Conrad Freese—l am an exchange, discount,
and Lisurance broker of No. 16, George-street, Mansion
House. On the 20th inst. I received the bill of exchange,
the subject of this inquiry. I believe it was brought to my
M counting-house by a r.ll4der's clerk, but I was abs•nt at
the time. I received it louse from my clerk. It was for
2,4801. 1 had previously spoken to blr. Ryder upon the
subject of the bill, having been made acquainted with the
fact the it was about to Le sent to me for the purpose of
being discounted. I believe I received directions about
getting it discounted from Mr. Ryder. The prisoner gave
my clerk directions as to what was to be due with the pro-
ceeds of the hill ; the dir.ctions were not given personalty to
me. I took the hill to Messrs. Overeed, Gurney, and
Co., who discounted it for nie. I received from
them an open cheque for 2,0001. By "open" I mean an
uncrossed cheque. 1 gave this cheque to Emanuel Green,
my clerk, who cashed it at Messrs. Barclay and Co.'s, end
brought the mouey back to the counting-house ; hut I itid
not see it in his possession. I had given him directions
what to do with the money, but what he did with it was
not done in my presence. 1 afterwards saw the prisoner
on the same day upon the subject. lie then wanted me to
buy a bill upon Havre for 600/. This sues he was to pay on
the delivery of the bill. I understood that part of the pro.
ees'ds of the 2,0001. that I had übtaiued was to be applied to
the purchase of the 600/. hill. It was not to be paid through
me. I was to pay the balance of the 2,4801., after deduct-
ing the 1,6001., to Mr. Ryder. I gave my clerk directions
to pay this balance to Mr. Ryder. No portion of the balance
that was to be paid over to Mr. Ryder was to be applied
toward.. the purchase of the 600/. bill. The bill produced
by Daniel Forrester is the bill in question, to the best 01
my belief. 1 did nut indorse it. I merely acted as agent
between the parties. The bill is as follows :
" B. 2180, due 7th April, 1854.
" Nu. 630—Exchange tor 2,lBol—Calcutta, 4th October,
1853.
" At six months after date pay this first of exchange
(second arid third ;repaid) to the order of J. M. Dapuot, the
sum of two thousand four hundred and eighty--.
t. Value in account, Laud S—which place to account as
advised. " J. Lx Bat s.
"685, J. Le Brun.
"To Messrs. I'. and C. Van Notten and Co.,
London."
" Accepted for two thousand four hundred and eighty
pounds payable when due at Messrs. Martin and
" P. and C. Van Notten and Co."
" Endorsed Paw: a Nedra d Monsieur W. B. Anderson,
valeur en compte. Paris, Decembre 13, 1853.
" W. B. Anderson." " JAM. DepoeT.
The bill upon Havre has nothing to do with the present
transaction, it never having gone. the interview between
me sod the prisoner took place at my counting-house. I
saw him again the same day, when he was in custody, at
Misses. Womersley and Co.'s. 1 went there about half-1
past three o'clock, when I demanded of the prisoner the
return of the bank notes, amounting to the sum of 1,0001,1
which he had received from my clerk. He replied that if I
went with him to Mr. Ryder's countingehuuse in Broads
street, he expected I should find them there. 1 went then
with Forrester, another person, and the prisoner. but did
not get the notes. I saw Mr. Ryder's clerk. When the
money was not found to be there, the prisoner said it would
Ibe in Billiter.street. We then all went to Billiter-street
together, when the prisoner went into a counting-house,
Forrester and I after him, slipped down an inner staircase,
and attempted to escape. He was, however, se, nred by
Forrester. I then came with Forrester and the person who
had accompanied us, a Mr. Clark, to the Mansion House,
where tae prisoner was searched. 6001. and a warrant
were found upon his person. The 6001. he received free
my clerk, although the produce of the cheque fur 2,00011.
never passed through my Minds.
Ste. Nobler—Nor the 6001.
Witness—Nor the 6001.
Mr. David Barclay Chapman—l am a partner in the firm
of °emend, Gurney, and Co., of Lombard-street, money
dealers. I produce a bill of exchange fur 2,4801. purporting
to be drawn by Mr. J 1 Le Brun noon Mows. P. mad 11
Van Rotten and Co. It was brought to me by Mr. 'WM
for discount, and in put discount of it I gave a chills* fur
2,000/. on account, upon Messrs. Barclay and Co., of Loa.
bard-street,
Mr. Emanuel teen —I am clerk to Mr. Freese. On the
20th of December the hiU of exchange produced was brought
to the counting-house by Mr. Austin, Mr. Ryder's clerk.
Ile left it with me for diaeoust, and I gave it to Mr. Freese
the same day at balf-past 11 o'clock. At a quarter to two
o'clock the same day I received from Mr. Freese an open
cheque for 2,0001., which I cashed at Messrs. Barclay and
Cu.',, getting for it five notes, namely, one fur 1,0001., one
for 5t'01., two for 2001., and one for 1001. I had received
directions from Mr. Freese to give 1,6001. to the prisoner,
whom 1 found at the office when I returned from M
Barclay and Co.'s. I accordingly handed him the notes
for 1,0001., 5001., sod 1001. I neither wrote upon these
notes, nor made any memorandum of their numbers. On
the same day, about twenty minutes to 12 o'clock, I had
some conversation with the prisoner attar the bill was leg
with me, in the coursed' which he said he wished to have
notes, and also a bill on Havre, instead of a crossed cheque
for the bill that he had brought. To the best of my mod-
lection he mentioned notes to the amount of 1,6001., and a.
hill on Havre for 6001. I did not see him indorse the hill.
I should not keow has handwriting. I did not see him
again alter I gays him the money till he was in custody.
When I gave him the 1,6002 he said nothing to me about
the balance. I understood it Iva. to be sent to Mr. Ryder
by previous arrangemen• between him and the prisoner.
No arrangement of this nature was made with me. I took
no receipt for the 1,6001.
Mr. J. Mitchell—l am cashier at Messrs. Barclay and
Co.'s, bankers, Lombard-street. I cashed the cheque for
2,0001. produced on the 20 h inst. Ido not keow who
brought it. I gave in exchange for it one note of 1,0001.,
numbered 93,425, dated the let April, 1853; one for 6001.,
numbered 90,972, dated the 2nd March, 1853; one for
2001, numbered 69,733, dated the 4th January, 18:53;
another for 2001., numbered 59,317, of the same date, and
one for 1001, numbered 31,921, dated the sth August. 18.53.
The two halves of the notes produced by Forrester are parts
rat those which I paid on the occasion in question—one
being half of the 5001., the ether of the 1001. cote.
Mr. Charles John Austin—l am clerk to Mr. Ryder, of ,
76, Old Broad-street, East India and Jamaica merchant.
'the bill of exchange produced was given to me by the pri-
soner, on the 20th December, at Mr. Ryder's countieg
house. He asked me if I would take it to Mr. Freese and
get it discounted, and let him have the money before 12
o'clock. Mr. Ryder being out, I took the bill to Mr. Freese.
I saw the prisoner endorse the bill at our office. I did not
receive any portion of the money afterwards from Mr.
Freese's clerk. i believe the prisoner received the money.
Mr. Ryder has not yet received any portion of the proceeds
of the hill.
The Lord Mayor—Was it usual for the prisoner to bring
bills to you to be discounted?
Witness—lle had done so once before, only once.
The Lord Mayor—Had you authority from your employer
•o take them for discount without his seeing them ?
Witness—Yes, in his absence.
The Lord Mayor—When last before the occasion in
question had he brought a bill to you ?
Witness—About a month before.
The Lord Mayor—And you then got that discounted,
lid you?
Witness—Mr. Ryder took that on kitaself.
The Lord Mayor—Do you remember the amount of
• hill ? _

'taus—Exactly on.
The Lord Mayor—Did I correctly understand you that
your business is that of a merchant ?
Witness—Yes.
The Lord bleu or—ls it any part of your badness to ne-
gotiate bills of exchange?
Witness—Yes, as agent. I never put any name on them.
The Lord Mayor—Have you known the prisoner for any
length of time ?
Witness—Since about the beginning of April of this
year.
The Lord Mayor—Did you introduce the prisoner to Mr.
Freese ?
Witorss—Y
The Lord Msysr—ln whet character?
Witness—As a merchant, and • party with whom I was
acquainted.
The Lord Mayor—As a man whom you believed to be •
person of respectability ?
Witness—Oh, certsody.
The Lord Mayor—Were you to have had any commiuion
for the discu•r.ting of this bill?
Witness—Yes.
The Lord Mayor—Ysu would have considered yourself
entitled to • ccmmission for the discounting of tlds identical
bill ?
Witness—Yes.
The Lord Mayor—Have you any objection to mention at
what rate the commission would have been paid ?
Witness—l should bare charged an eighth.
The Lord Mayor—And that is a legitimate portion of
your business
Witness—Y. s.
The Lord Mayor—What might have induced you to form
the opiuion of the prisoner being a man of respectability ?
Witness—Because he was introduced to me by very res-
pectable parties, with whom I had been acquainted for
some time.
The Lord Mayor—Was the hill for 8301. that you had
previously discounted negotiated in a similar manner,
your name not being upon it?
Witness—No.
The Lord Mayor—And you have no means of knowing
whether that was a genuine bill?
Witness—Yes it woo • genuine bill.
The Lord Mayor—Wnat amount of commission did you
obtain un that hill?
Witness—l obtained none in that case.
The Lord Mayor—Then had you no profit in that trans-
action ?
Witness—lndirectly I had. It was to be paid against
particular trans/Litton'.
The Lord Mayor—Tho was to be paid against parti-
cular transactions ?
Witness—Yes. A certain amount was owing me.
The Lord Msyor—By the prisoner ?
Witness—Yes ; and, therefore, I was very glad to dis-
count the hill for nothing.
The Lord Mayor—Your transactions with the prisoner
have not been confined simply to these two negotiations—
you hare been connected with him ever since April ?
Witness—Yes; I have had transactions with him since

April.
Mr. Lambert Van Nett; n Pole—l am a mrcbant, carry-
ing on basin' as at 2 and 3, Lime-street-square. I have one
partner, and trade under the firm of P. and C. Van Notten
and Co. There is not a Mr. Van Notten in the firm. I
bank with Messrs. Martin, of Lombard-street, and always
make my bills payable there. The acceptance to the bill of
exchange produced is not in my handwriting, nor is it in that
of my partner. It was not written by my authority. I
know of no other firm. f the same name as ours in -Lon-
don. I do not know the supposed drawer. I know the
prisoner, and have had mercantile dealings with him. I
have never given him my acceptance to any bill of exchange.
Ile has not drawn upon me at any time. The acceptance
to the bill in question is a bad resemblance of my hand-

writing.
Mr. Chapman—My lord, I beg to make one observer,.
with reference to the tailing of this bill. When Mr. Freese
offered thin bill, 1 did nut consent to take it without asking
hint several questions and getting his perfect assurance that
he knew Mr. Anderson perfectly well, and that be was
highly respectable man. I said to him, " You are quite
cure of this." And upon this I passed the bill. In the
afternoon, after the apprehension of the prisoner, Mr.
Ryder called in company with Mr. Freese, and said that he
woe the person who bad introduced and recommended Mr.
Anderson to Mr. Freese. I say this in justification to my
self in taking such an amount, and also for the purpose of
showing where Mr. Freese got his information as to Mr.
Anderson.
Mr. Pole—My lord, in answer to a question whether we
always made, or, rather, I always made, bike drawn upon as
payable at our bankers, I answered, " Always." It did not
occur to me till this moment, that in cases of goods that
are sometimes sold with hypothecation of documents, those
we accept payable at our own office.
This being the whole of the evidence in reference to the se-
cond charge, the prisoner, who had buried his face in his
pocket handkerchief during the whole of the proceeding.,
and who seemed deeply sensible of the painful position in
' which he was placed, was again asked whether he wished to
say anything. As in the first case, he replied th•rough Mr.
Robley that he should reserve his defence.
He was then remanded for a week, when it is understood
another charge of a ibfferent character will be gone into.
On the ap:theation of a solicitor who attended on behalf
of the creditors of the prisoner, against whom • fist in bank-
ruptcy has been issued, Daniel Forrester was ordered by
the Lord Mayor to deliver to the official assignee any float.
meats which be had seized relating to the prisoner's move.

Witn•sa-1 do not.
The Lord Mayor—Had Mr. Ryder given you direeti-ns
to take a hill of this kind to be unmounted when presented
by Anderson ?
Witness—He had that particular bill.
A Clerk from the office of Mr. Murray, a solicitor, here
stepped forward and said Mr Ryder was quite willing to
state all that he knew in connexion with the tfansactiou.
The Lord Mayor-1 can see no objection to that. I
think the object should be to elicit as much as we possibly
can.
Mr. Thomas Ryder was then called. He paid—l am a
merchant carrying on business at 76, Old Broad•street. I
know the prisoner and have bad mercantile transactions
with him. I have discounted one bill for him, the amount
of which was 8301. 1 discounted that bill myself. The
prisoner had spoken to me of a bill for 2,000/. coming, but
not of one for 2,4901. That was on Saturday, the 17th or
Monday, the 19th inst. I did not see that bill, but he told
me tits% it was drawn on Messrs. Van Netter. The bill that
is now the subject of inquiry, had not been mentioned to
me by the prisoner. I had had some conversation with Mr.
Freese, with reference to the 2,0001. bill. I had asked him
it he could get a bill for 2,0001. done. I had asked him at
what rate he would do one. I afterwards:old the prisoner
that a bill could be done on Van Notten, by Mr. Freese.
I was not in when the bill for 2,4801. was brought to my
counting•bou•e, but shout one o'clock on the 20th inst.
the prisoner called on me, and said he had made an ap-
pointment to be at Mr. Freese's office, at half-past one, as
he wanted to buy • bill on Havre or France. I forget
whether he said Havre. At this time my clerk bad told toe
that he had received a bill for 2,480!., and left it. The pri-
soner said to toe that ha wanted 1,6001. in cash
to buy a bank post-hill, end that the betimes
Mr. Freese mid deduct for the French Bill. lie then

Lary transactions.
Mr. 'lobler said that his client was most anions to afford
the assignees every assistance in his power.
The Lord Mayor requested the press to acknowledge the
receipt of 10/ , the annual contribution to the poor-box of
Wm. P., London, 29th Dec., 1833.
THAMES.
Samuel Reed, aged 34, of No. 5, Broadway, Deptford,
ship joint r, was charged with embezzlement.
Mr. Newbon, for the prosecution, stated that the prisoner
and another man named Harrison, had been long in the
service of the prosecutor, Mr. C J. Mare, the shipbuilder, at
Blackwell, and both bad occupied very responsible situa-
tions as foremen. About three y.irs ago Mr. Mare invented
a planing machine, driven by a steam engine, but which
required &certain amount of hand labour and attendance.
Mr. Mare made a contract with Reed and Harrison that they
should be paid at first a fourth, and afterwards a fifth, of
all the earning.' of the machine, to be estimated according
to the old prices, and that Reed and Harrison should find
all the labour. The two foremen had also had the superin-
tendence of other artificers employed on the machine and
elsewhere, and it had been their duty to take account of
the men's time and return it to the pay-office, with the
amount earned by them. It had been lately discovered,
however, that they. had been sending in false esti-
mates, and committing other frauds, ever since the
planing machine had been in operation. Last Sa-
turday night both Reed and Harrison attempted
lanother fraud. They had rendered an account at the
countinghouse, on the previous Thursday, of the work
done, or pretended to be done, for the fortnight ending
Des ether 21, in which various quantities were stated, and
sums charged, making a total of 1341. 3s. 9d. The fifth
part to which the two foremen were entitled was 261. 15spd.
la the ace 'tint rendered for the fortnight ending Dec. 21,
there were 3,000 feet of moulding, called Grecian ogee, and
300 fee' of throat moulding was charged for, which
had never been executed or returned into the stores.
The storekeeper had checked the accounts with the items
for the last twelve moetbs, and found that they had re-
eelved during the last twelve months 1671. 14s. more than
they were entitled to on account of work which had never
been executed. Mr. Newbon, after alleging other frauds,
called a number of witnesses to substantiate his statement.
Mr Ingham thought the overcharge for the mouldings
was open to an explanation, and that the want of sufficient
checks in Mr. Mare's yard, and the unlimited confi-
dence placed in the prisoner and his coadjutor Harrison
would render it most difficult ti establish the case against
them. There certainly was some evidence that a large
system of fraud had been carried on, but the general laxity
which prevailed in the yard as to the foremen's accounts,
and the extensive nature of Mr. Mare's operations, would
embarrass the matter very much.
The prisoner, who said that he had been taken by stir-
prise, was then bound over in the sum of 2001. and one
surety in 1001. to appear on Thursday, the 19th of January.

SUICIDE BY LEAPING FROM A WlNDOW.—Yes-
teribly evening an inquest was token by Mr. Langham, at
the Charing cross Respite', on the body of William Hart-
' ley, aged 44, a fish salesman raiding in Phenix-street.
Soho, who had precipitated himself from a window while
under the influence of acute mania. It appeared that the
deceased believed that he was entitled to some property, I
which was mortgaged, and be wee frequently in a state of
great excitement lest he should be deprived of the possession
of it. On Saturday eight, the 10th instant, be was in tbe
kitehen of the house where he resided, when he asked his
wife for a cleaver, with which he said he intended to cut •
something to pieces should it come. lie then observed that I
the room was on fire, and that he saw the smoke coming
through the floor. A female he lived with endeavoured
to persuade hint to the contrary, but he became so furious
that she left him. The next forenoon be suddenly rustled
nut of the house, exclaiming " murder aced thieves."
Ile proceeded up Crown-street, and entered No. 21. Ile
passed the occupier of the shop, ran up the stairs, and
forced open the door of tlte second floor, into which he
went, flinging down a lad in the room. He then sprang
from the window into the street. He was taken up and
conveyed to the hospital, where he was found to have
hurt his scalp and to have received other injuries which
terminated in inflammation of the 'wags, sad which led
to his death on Cbrietam•day. Verdict, "Temporary
. insanity."