The Express.
London, England, 1848-11-15 00:00:00

THE EXPRESS, WEDNESDAY EVENING, NOVEMBER 15, 1848.

FRNSCE.—Pownt REYoll.lll.—People of bosineos
begin to iaqwre, with 'use solicitude, whether the French
gaga reknit, which Is to COW into oyerati.ll2 OR the let of
Isuary, will pro '.ate say distinution in the porage of let-
ters to linglatid. At present the postage of • letter, weigh-
ing not more than a quarter of an ounce, to England, is 10
which is shared 'quietly between the two post, t ees. By
fi
the new postal stiff the poatege of such • Ir ter to Calais
or Boulogne, nr say other part of tho fr mtier, will lao
its four
sou", or teropeime. Upon the pr incinle of equal charge,'
primate to any tart of Great Britain from Pane mid be
only ',tarpons. .iesd of tempest', as now. It is oat sap-
po eel that the Poet Ala aultormice here would throw any
olatac's ia the way of such an equitable arrangement.
MAIL 0011 S ICATIOM unit SICILY. The
°pia:Journal of Palermo of the 20th contains a notice
frees the pat tete deparnient, stating that, by order of the
French republic, the Marreille* and Constantinople hoe of
steamers rill touch at Trapani during the outward voyage
et the eth, 14th, WI 24111, and during the nose voyage on
the 3rd, lEth, and 23,4 of every worth.
doctattaT BAIKIVIT.—A socialist and democratic
barman took pines • kw daps ago at Lopatin'' depart-
ment of the Adis. A toast was given to " the repub-
lic oldie prolitn re—to the red republic!" and an indivi-
data' shouted. " D two with the than:am! Down with na-
med. Dates with hones ! Down with carriers!" After
the dinner the I,uesn yrercenaded therstreets with dramas&
Buts, ser'smi g revulutiunNry soar, and shou eg bra
gasa!
g
bee Barbels sod Ledru Raab' ! Dow* with Cavai
The flatßSunk ter ! Harrah for the 'Whisks, ! "
deputy store aced some of the mandates of the nuntielped
waned of Cason were present at the bouquet.
1)isEET1011 or TIIE Pante THLITII.IIB.—The pre-
'radial! &aun ib
t is Fans, or the prenewpation of the public
mind with matters of more importance and sore lasso diate
aitllik hes modally thianed the theatres of that eapieal. Of
this we have an amusing account in a recent feuillek. e of M.
Bechs Dells, the musical critic of the Amens: des DiGoie,
IR a renew ni hl. Clapiv-on'e new opera oof Jeanne La
Palle," ymodund at the Theatre de la Nation oa day
last. 31. Berlioz rly lornonts the sad he
the eat betw
the crowded houses of the " old tints," sad half napee n
birches of the I, metal. Before the revolution.
appear tl.et there was a regular system of intrigue
practised by the amateurs, the ladies especially, to obtain
*Ws for the retained of new op roe, and, on the
Brat night," the boss were crowded with rank,
beauty and fashioa. " hat Dow," adds poor Berlioz, "if
yen encounter a fined la the Sue Logisl!stk7, an your way
to the Fr, Open, foe the purpose of assietist at' the
performance of a sew Ogee, aa allusion to matters musical
only provokes • shrug of sad your polite offer
of • ticket of aoli is met with the moat chilling indif-
ference." 01. aspirant% opera was esessefld, notwithstand-
ing the thinness of the, t else. The absence of foreigners
from Paris, and the indisposition of the lents towards
public amurcinents, baying lowered the subscription of the
Italian Opera to &point which remien the entrepreneur wa-
ab'e to keep hopes, government, rather than have it cloeed,
in about to 'pp:, to the Assembly fur a grant of 60,000

_
_ _
*saes.
NATLRAL SON OF NAPOLEON. Lunt Leon,
sarong son of the Halpern' Napoleon, has addressed
the a
letter to the journals stating and offering proot that
impeller let. swill, of which Gen. Mantholon is executor, and
whirl was duly registered before M. Tabourier, notary, at
per, is whisk there era matters affeeting the interests of
Count Lien, end that sun
hat be about
h will has been hitherto suppressed.
Coast Lieu announces
tis to appeal to the tri-
bunals to adores its disclosure.
BELOIUM.--At FAIN Or "RDNICOIte TOliT.e—nie
Proarvoi en Cessation of the prisoners la the " Itliquons Tout"
affair has been rejected by the Cour de Cavallo& at Brussels.
remains the sentence now maiss in forces it is exPectsd that
a commutation of runishment by the royal prerogative of
mercy will very shsrtly take place.
GERMANY. Tun ROTAL Baitße of Berlin and
Breves ere depositing their reserves of gold and silver
bullies in the fortress of Msgdebiug, where they will he in
greater safety in ease of a *worse. The removals of cash
are made by means of C..e night trains on the Berlin and
Cologne Rai.way.
OLMVTZ, BRUNS, AND I'RESBURG.—Theire towns
which previously occupied no crest plate is Germany and
the north, are now, by force of cirrumsences, playing
apart which engages us to give the following de-
tails. °haute, for instance, which is now inhabited by the
impede court, eestains but 19,000 wets, i..eluding the gar-
rison ; it is. however, very well fortified. Frederic If.
besieged it without 'arena in 1778. It was in the citadel of
°lairs that General Lafayette was kept a prisoner
in 1794. The town now possemss a university recently
founded,' college, a library, and an archbishop's palace. Being
a fortress peace Is easily maintained there. Brune on the
contrary, is • manufacturing town. Formerly fortified, but
dismantled is 1808 by the French, it owes its existence to its
industry slows. Its manufactures of silk, cloth and cotton
occupy a print *umber of hands. This explains the dir urb t
-
ances which occurred there. The distance abou
eg.les between Vienna and Bruen, where the civil
sad military chiefs of Moravia reside. On a height
sear Braun * the castle of Spielberg, celebrated as
theeple of captivity of Silvio Polite°. Ohnuts, of which we
hav just ipsken. is about 37 miles north-esat of Brunei.
cad
in the same direetios, about 19 miles from Olinutx is
Kronsier, where the Diet is to meet. Although Brewster
has net more than 4.000 inhabitants, it is one of the finest
towns of Moravia. The palace which the Archbishop of Olmatz
possesses them th is sugnifiemal, and will probably t
be t
figured
he place
of the meeting of the Diet. As for Freiburg, i has
fir a long time in history.lt was hounded in the
time of the Romanis, in a situation oa Vs. side
of the Danube, about thirty•six mike from Vines.
Freeberg, since the reign of Joseph WaS the
capital of Hungers. The Hungarian diets met there till
lately. The neighbourhood of Vienna, beautiful scenery,
an easy and cheap mode of life, a theatre, and libraries, gav
r. e
the p. vitiation a character store sedentary
than turbtlen
It was at Prealmers tk it the Austrian princes wire formerly
crowned kings of Hungary ; it wax there also that. after the
baits of Austerlitz the treaty of low was sign• d, by which
Yenite nos celed to France and part of Tyrol to Austria;
It was at T:eshurg that the Hungarians pronounced the
1415,11. oath Jr tor their Kissg, Maria Theresa. Further
on to the south, ut hut still on the Deaube, in the city of
Pesch, towards which the Austrian forces are sow marching.
Pecth, taken he, times by the Turks, nom only mare
g.
talon from them tit 16146. It is now the most commercial
ard peppiest city ol Hungary ; every year adds to itr PQM*"
ritT, The uopmetios. is upwards of 50,000 souls.
PERSIA.—Drarn OF M. HOHNAIRE DE HELL:
This gent cumin, will known for Lis scientific researela and
his 'raves. expired at legalists, of putrid fever is the court
ci Augutt Lo 11 t. M. ,432015i1t de Hell had been
sei
1515 on a scientific mantissa by the French government.—
YMCA:FLA.—News from Porto Cabelln, dated
the OctoM r, has bon naive lin New York. On
the let al Oct i,ser tiler. am a battle ou
ght:g at Coro. be.
twee this government troops and the Par in which
the governeent troops a ere vietorious, Laving killed
govern-
and
talus prisearn about fittO of the Pais party. Ms
was at
men" lest, oe five brigs and six ratsoonar..
r li".0 oo the 4th, ethics is provisions sad wafers
and allies the netwary preparations for an smash on the
Si and city of Msracaiao. went to sail for that place
o. the Sth of Oc:ober. On manias of the 4tle as ea-
le re, noes laid on tb. poet. Geseral Pees. it was sad, was
at CYtti sal ifs ft, t, at tat accounts, wax et
Da .n.as wee very dull, and the saute* were well Ft +IA

'feral do See,l9o
Of this amount about 130,000 dole. were transferred
by Messrs. Corcoran and Riggs, being the first stock
vexed for them on foreign account since Mr. Coroo-
ran's reoent sale in London.
The following letter is from NKr, wn correspondent :
YORK, OCT. 31.
Ina few days the presidential election will be over. We
see nothing to change our opinions as to the result as hetet•
tofu, expreued. The cutest appears to be a cline one, end
the friends of General Cam and General Taylor are madly
[ serafideat. All the principal speakers in different states are
"em She stamp," or Is other words, discussing the claims
mid merits of the caadidame, in the presence of large as-
-110/Miiii. This imam 6u the effect of making the people
ailm~~perfectly familiar with net public men, and if they
, they do it with their eyes open, end have no one to
blame but themselves. This reconciles us to all the trouble
amending our political campaigns.
Our news from Tampico is rather important Thar is in
*pretest desire in the people of that town to 'et up for
themselves. The national guard has driven the Mexican
Mope without the city, and the resident foreionen have
Rimed four companies, each 100 ATOM, to protect them-
selves and their property. The national guard forcibly
entered the house ot Mr. Chase, the American consul, awl
took from him a mountain howitzer, which they used
against the colliery. That there will be •fieht before the
matter is iettled we cannot well doubt.
Latest accounts famish additional information to easy
fin Tampico. The brig Tai has arrived at New
Orlesna from Vera Coos, with dates front that place to
the 13th, and from Mexico to the 7th. There kos
been a dillthlty at Guadalupe between the governor
and the slimly commander of the suite. It is *wronged
quit illamea Anna's friends are at the bottom o; the mores
meat. The government had received informstion of the
rising at Tampics, and were hastening to put it down. •
sad diequietude prevailed at the capital, and it was belicsei
that the army, to a man, dished the return of Santa Anna.
The states of Durango, Zacatheu, and flan Lois woe
threatened with devastations by the Indians. In seneet,l
Mete co presents • most pitiable spectacle. It is positively I
stated that the Tampirsos have issued &plummiest's*. '
annexing themselves to the United States. Tnit, of muss
Y a wetter is which we have something to say.
From the city of Mexico we learn that congress has been
officially informed of the exhaustion of the thuds received
from the Unit d States. The elections had terminated in a
majority for the menu chide and moderates over the federal-
ism. It was believed that a general movement was sliest to
lake place in favour of General Santa Anna, and greet gloom
amid ammety prevailed throughout the respeemble portions of
the people.
On the 30th of September, Senor Aranda was chosen Pre.
'Meet, and Senor Mae, do Vies President.
Mr. Clifferel, the American minister, had presented his
thedentiate, and was then on hit way home.
We lulu that our military forces, on their way to Cali-
fermis, were in good hesit ',mid making their way through
the country with prat facility. At Chihuahua, Col.
Washington gave a military fete to the governor, which
was attended of a loci concourse of Mexicans. Governor
Trims gave a dinner in return, and the greateet cordiality
prevailed among thou recently such warm enemies.
From California we do not hear so mace, about the gold
as we did, yet eseessionally the arrival of large sums from that
quarter is annum@ el in the wester& pipets. One wipe
who died reared), on the " golden sands," where be had
been at work, le ft a poor relative io this vicinity 230,000 dol-
lars, the gains of a few mottles!
I must not forget to say that the late of Smith O'Brien
excites much attunes. I have come to the cui.clusion that
his lite will be spared by the gracious act of the queen he r-
eef. Her private character is much admired ins this country ,•
and it is believed that her humus disposition will be allowed
to show itself on this ocession.
To take the life of this person would be to leave a world of
power behind him fer future misehiet. The coffin of Idaho-
mat hes perpetuated the Malt mean devotion.
We have had some heavy failures in this city within • few
days past, and more are expected. Business is quite dull and
mese, is again tight in the street.
It I. believed that there exists in this city a secret club of
" rowdy " sympathisers, who are organieed for the purpose
of making mischief in Quads. It is said they have cemete-
ries in the province' who are endeavouring to instil among
the inhabitants any other moderns than those of sutheission
to the crown, and that they are only waiting for an eppor-
tune occasion to set fire to the theta they have laid. This
occasion is to be a general war in Europe, which they oath.
dently anticipate. While it must be admitted we have a set
of idle and worthless people among us who would be glad to
create trouble with England, they are chi. fly fereigners,
who, enjo)iog the freedom of our institution', hove no other
consequence than that which attends their disorderly con-
duct. The people of this country ere utterly opposed to any
disturbaace of ear relations with England.
'fog _____- _

€bt Court-
WINDsOE, TafteDAT.—The Prince"" and the
Princesses Ellis, Adelaide, and Feeders of Hihenlobe Las-
genbiurg, took leave of her Majesty this morning, and left
the Castle for the C intinent.-Bir R. and Lady (indium lastle
ett
the Castle to-—The Royal dinner part? at the C
this evening will include the Brehm of Kent, the Princess
A01.1i2 cf Hohenlobe Schillinagarst, Sir O. and Lady U.
Lady Anna Maria Dawson, Baroness de Speth, end Sir O.
Cooper.
The General Board of Health sat yesterday at
Gwydyr Hoene. A deputation from Lthemter, consisting
et )Ir. R. B. Areeetroag, ALP., Prufes.or Owen, the Mayor
of Lumpur, Mr. liowitt, and the Town Clerk. was re-
ceived by the Elul of Carlisle, and Mr. Chadwick. Lied
Ashley afterwards took hiss. at at the boned for the first
time, having been previoudy absent from ill health.
Sir John Pally had an interview with Earl Grey
yesterday at the Colonial•othce.
Mr. Macgregor, M.P., had an interview with the
Chancellor of the Exchequer yesterday. Mr. Hodges,
bad also an interview yesterday with the right hon. baronet
is Downing-street.
Despatches were received yesterday at the Colonial-
ofilce from the Othersur of made, and 1110 from the
governors of the other North American colonies.
The Marquis of Lansdowne (Lord President) left
town yesterday for his seat, Bowood-park, Wilts.

SUPPLY OF OAS TO THE CITY.
A meeting of the commissioners of sewers was held
yesterday at tree Bowen-office, Guildhall, the Lord Mayor in
the chair, " to receive a report from the committee of general
purposealn relation to the supply of gas to
te trim City, and ts
recommend that the neasu►l no:ices be gin ot application
to he made to parliament for the supplying this City with

Pl.
Mr. Deputy Paacnci, who had taken the chair before
the commeomment of this portion of the butiness of the day,
the Lord Mayor having left to attend his magictenal
duties at the Mansion.house, stated that the Conti
mitres of general purposes, to whom the gas qua.
tioa had been refined, had taken considerable pains
to inquire fully into it. They had been materially
assisted in that duty by the City Solicitor, who
had given his valuable aid sod 'aperients in the drawing
up of the report which would be now read. lie might add
' that the mita of the inquiry was an unanimous opinion on
the pert of the committee t the price of gas was much too
high in the City—and tha oft was not reduced one way, by
the gas companies themselves, it must by another.
Theztfockwi as then read, as follows:
We that we !um met, and been attended by the City will-
atm, wbo before us a grommet whkla was read to us, and
bevies Illelidesed the plans proposed therein. we recommend to your
eowt, ea the only probable means of obbilaing a reduction in cot of
Ons. Uwe lerote. be at thee prepared and advertised as required ; that
year IMAM will apply to parliament for powers to erect gas works,
sod to bey down Oipe. and mains within the city and lib.rtiea, with
Y pan nee the work., ropes, and mains of the existing gas
or of any p,s company banner to be established within
trpower
=ellermeid; sod as the last day foe giving such notices is the
lease Sowindeer, tt le imperative that decision thereupon shoed be
nes
Theto Mr= toes statement was then read'
It Termed to the etromets wheh, thirty Fens ago, the chartered
Gee ClomPlae and the City of toroth Gas Company had retired into
in the wasp ce gas foe the street-lights of the City of London, the
Coambelimes or Severe Whig the power, under the Gis Ads,
to pardons l
ee. the ceetenitu et the nomination ol the control, the
re elm vent seal at • fair valuation, or, at their
Film, to give wain in their removal. The two emnp.aies, avoid-
ing commoltion with each other, partitioned out the City between
them, en enlargement, in many respects, while advautrolvilil to the
companies, was emieseint to the citlsens. The inhabitants of the
I City, however, see crottbsd from their situation and thee:teat 4 their
001111t1111ptioes to have a ewer and better gas than the inhabitants of
the metropolis mattered over a wider district tan obtain, becaueethey
may be termed wholesale customers, and are entitled to have the coo-
linodity at a wholesale orlon V. akin the City of Lcodoo these two
complain have derived • rental of upwards of 130,0e0t. per ammo
I from a singte set of mains not more than sixty miles tri length,
the retains thus averaging uPwanie df Tiaedl• t eel 1011%
whereas, the anise of the Chartered, the Imperial. the Equit.
able, the London and other companies, traverse niany hundred. of
miler, sometimes two or three sets of main! In the same stmete and
iroads, without dividing among.t them half curb a rental. Coe
was formoin sold to the consumer at Ss. per thousand, but now
it is reduced. ts.ai the prime oast of the article, allowing for interest
on capital in erecting, in the Gatary, and all expentos, and
• large and profit, does not exceed Is. 6d- per thouronto The
roans el amend go boorooniee touch doe upon toe frontiers of the
City is endothelia"; and if he corpovatith of London, co Unties-
,
11111•04=11•111 ileum, nods, the romisione of the ceiginal a. t, were
so petease el sues and pipe. of these °colonies, now in the
anairt, at a minettok they would be enabled to supply the article at
aON mil& ewe anew of its being sold to the inhabit oh' at N.
rod dowaraad sails be—b rate Isidro, after MAW* an adequate
alawase it .11 expeeses, and interest of capital in outlay far topic
.), would leave a emeiderable Olathe us and of the sewers'
Met or to defray the con of sanitary improvements, or
M
etzeuwathe kind improvemints that =Oro be deured. If tie
Cite comparou roll mince their charge to 4s.
Ifs thousand, there could be no term fur a change.
If a unabeatiost
an be Parsed amend the wee pa peen-
, nes to defeat plan by refuting la tree% their °Meet would not be
1 obtalmed. far apemo 'Wel, Immerse le ma verbs and practically
ammainted with all the wackier eagle of yesmenatoturing, hod
Weed le supply the whole quality mere& of the vintaleatja:2,
as to viwky and illuminates: rem, st Is. Id.. M
feet. -PorthavW at this prise. tiNC toy eadeseM Wile diem/
the gis at 4s-, and collect the resat hwart' allows of the Newer'
cachou to
the athaagement of the ememiodsono who
!Melt apply the brad in Mal of the rater tr Obits Importiat made

*este, the Oceassimemen of sewers and the eorporaden geeing their
manna to the City conenmers to form • company to fasobb a suffi-
cient capital (tio,OOrt.) to lay down mains sad pipes, and to mound
tor the wbolinale sop. ly of the quantity remdred.
The CILAIRMAX soted that as the court was now in
porismeloo of all the i., some members of it should move
that the report he received.
Mr. Aid. LAITEMICI admitted that the thanks of *s
nort wen due to the City ealictot foe the trouble he had
taken in the matter, but he deni,o toil
mew
were in rests-
tiolt of th• •toroat7 facts to enable them to peened as re.
commended in the frt. r.aa Before they entered into such
• whom, the Should O. least have something like evidence
to go upon. it wt.o stated that gas could be manufactured at
2s. oas per 1,000 feet. It might be so but there was no evi-
dence on thts point yet before them. There were between .50
and 60 mil* of pipes laid down in the City. How much
mosey would their purchase require ? He was not asking
Wen questions for the mere purpose of raising
objertions, but for information. If the estimate
as to the cost of making gas wee correct,
no doubt, the citizens of London were paying too
high • prioe for that article, but he should be sorry to go to
' parliament, upon the mere evidence of a letter, mu from so
talented a mass as the City solicitor. If the recemmenda-
doe were adopted, the corporation would become not menu.
factutens of gas, but protectors and patron, as it were, of
some gas eompany, who should ropply them wholesale, they
resutilitungt
thet ges.poourat
titoon thcoeulcr properly uNnodwe'rtalltee*susschnina
duty. (Hoar, he r.) It was suggested that if the corpora
don Wahl purchase at 2s. 64., and were to guarantee ella
ply the eensumer at 45., there would be generally a
dimemblem to contract for five or seven years at
that ice. But what security would there be
ha 11116 i • contract? For such were the eon.
*ant changes in a place like Loudon, that in the
purse of five or seven years, many of the parties would
have left or become bankrupt. Again, he westernised that
there would be a loss In retailing gas in the way proposed of
from 20 to 25 per cent. inthe quantity, as compared with what
they would have to pay for in their whole-ale purchase from
the manufacturers. He wanted positive information upon
this point—also, from the evidence of 'scientific tan, what
! gas mould really be manufettured for per 1,000 feet, and what
' would be the cost or purchasing the present, or laying dews
new, pipes. He was delighted with the report as far as it I
went, but it did not bring conviction to his Naiad 1
so m to Induce him, were he about to deal
I ice himself, and with his own money, to enter
upon an undertaking such as that suggested. He
hoped, however, that the result of the inquiry would be to ,
open a negotiation which should I.A the parties who now
I supplied the gas to the City of London, to reduce their price
I to, hew Ida not say is., but ss. • 1,000 Int.
I Mr. RA14E111024 remarked that if the worthy alderman
' had attended the cemmittert, he would b- well convinced that
gas could be supplied to the citizen of London et 44. a thou-
sand, leaving ample margin for profit. With respect to any
further redact on t.t price being made by the two conpani. a
who now supplied the city, the court would
her
in mind
that they wore last year corinctly told by the two gen
denten who attended on behalf of thole companice, that
they could bold out no hole of any further reduction ; and
it was then that the commission felt that they were bound to
proceed with the inquiry which had resulted in the present
' report. And he was Creepy to say that he believed the sub-
' int was now taken up with a determination to carry it out.
(Coons.) An observation which had be :n made by the chair •
man of one of the gas companies convinced him that a little
more pressure only was needed to bring about a lower price.
That gentleman told them that the reason why the camoany
I reduced to 75. and afterwards to tie. a thousand, was
because the Imperial Company—which did not come
into the City at all had reduced their prices ;
and he also stated—and this was still Oloreremarksble—that
gas companies which had been long established were not
doing so well as row companies. He (Hr. Harrison), trom
this explanation, came to the conclusion that the new com-
panies were enabled to do better than the old, because they
availed themselves of all modern improvements in the menu
facture of gas, and were not burthened with the exertaive
expenditure which the old companies had incurred Ho had
no desire unnecessarily to disturb existing arrangement. and
interests ; but knowing that, if the supply was thrown open,
the citizens of L radon might obtain gas at a mirth
lower price than they were now paying, leaving
• large sum of money available for City purpose,
(end it wee nut impossible, if negotiations were entered into,
that the companies who now supplied them might fall in
with the arrangement suggested in the report), he felt it no-
smeary, in order to enable the court to act fairly and do joa-
ties to their fellow citizen , that the proper notices should be
given of an applcation to parliament. Thirty years ago
parliament in its wisdom, and at the iseglesti.n of
that court, inserted a clause in the Cu Company's Act, em-
powering the vapor...Couto purchase the gerpipes and works
at a fair valuation at any time, should they find tht supply
deficient, or at the termination of any euntract; but after-
-1 wards, when applying for a bill to raise fresh cepttal, the gas
1 company had managed to insert a clause resciuding that
power. This amount of protection, at all events, they
' should endeavour to raestabl eh ; let thtm then give the
notices, and they would then be in a better outsider' to
neerstiatt and to avail therneelves of any offer that might he
made. He would move that the commission agree with the
report of the coromittrt, and that the City Solicitor be in-
structed immediately to lodge the pedantry notices.
(Cheers )
Mr. Deputy Breezes emended the motion, and referred
to the evidence of Mr. Lowe, Mr. Cu:, and other gas
engineers, given before a committee of the House of Com-
mons, as Showing that gas could be manuf ctured and sold
at 2s. 63. a 1,000, leaving ample profit to the manufacturer.
Mr. WALI ER observed that Soaletiall ego he had stated to
the court that gas was supplied to the Eastern Counties
Railway Company, at 3s. 6d. a 1.000 feet, and that the party
supplying it had laid out 10,0001. in the necessary works for
the purpose, and had contracted to continue the supply at
the same prom for several year., and he (Mr. Walter) now
begged to hand in a letter to the court from as party who
would undertake to supply the City at the same price, and
to build the work., lay down all the pipes for the purpose,
and give ample security for the performance of his contract.
The motion was then put, end carried unanimously.

CROLERA.-Yesterdav the Board of Health received
reports of the following mire cases :- Stepney, 1 ; Lambeth,
1 Southwark, 3-1 fatal ; Sstterses, 1.-Edinburgh, 13-
2 fatal; Leith, 6-3 fatal. Total uew cases, 25 -6 deaths.-
The Regirtrar-Oeneres report,issued yesterday, states the
total deaths front all muses dunog last week to have been
1,165, the average being 1,154. The following notes ere
appended relative to the cases of cholera registered In the
week ending the 11th inst. Seven are oases in which in-
deed' were held ; the remainder are all reported to be cer-
tified by medical attendants except two:
M. John's, Westminster : M., 26, " Arlene cholera (2 days)," be.
mint IL, 42, "Asiatic chub re (4' hours)," ineueeL /X above
two pees occurred in the Millbank prison. A cue of death by con-
doned fever, is mid to have been accelerated by the her of uking
chokes, a Whist suffering from cholera haring been carried
from the ward.-Statuford.bill : M., 42, "Fula& cheers
(SO home): 14 monbs. " Aette cholera (14 bouni)."
IL, 6, .speemodie blue elvdere (21 hours)." Mr. Montaigne,
the Mistier, Motu that " tits above three cases of cholera
marred at liigh.hal Perry. The first was that of a foreigner
42 years at age ale worked al • emmise factory, which is situated
on • swum gime of ground thee to the river Lea. In frost ditch
the side el t
sar seni Bodies, thereto, rues • black nneoeerei
wh
eginelge the sewage from Mount Pleasent, Springfield, and
other et
lase
1,12. It commences at the end of Springfield,
sad Mgr nimiese sense hundreBl yard% empties Welt into the river
Lea bier the Weary; in its program It runs eo clone in the rear of
heameMeges, that in wet weather It washes their side walls, and at all
▪ as It Urns very offeneively. The other two awe were of shildren
st a taseutieg wok with a wise and four other children, occupying
ease cram of a Mese. slick (my informant asp) is so damp that in,
weer dell& en the walla The privy flooring is so bad, that when
iheffnerier dr well becomes intolerable. Tne water used by the
MOW et the inhabitants is that of then eer Les, labia re.
"Mies Woke enter al two ar three factories in the neighbourhood.
012 f-reed t F. $
t, "WM cholera (5 days)."-crippleseere : er 1,
memee.mert, F. 44, "cholera Asiatics (9 home)." This person wee
eery beemperste; m' hursday, Saturday, and Sunday, ehe west in •
sleasi ettaingleaike• She mac taken 11l on Monday, but the surgeon
wee asiesst for till Tuesday monis', when be tooted her lateuring
=der efeeHedtmff.reed : At 1, Co" Boundary.
..t. &Rorer e 4 e - ecid.inaker, 7, Asiatic cholera (6 bours)."
ini 1, baftyrood.wreet, Bouncturstreet, eon of • bedsteadmisker,
, "diode cholera (IS hours)." At I, Collingwood-etreet, Boundary.
snot, wile et • silk-dream 67e "Asiat:e cholera (18 hours)." Mr.
Munn, the registrar. makes ttte following statement respecting the
eras of sisters originetiag In No. I, Collingwoodstreet, boundary.
Dethasi.Oreea, in the immediate vicinity
bend
Shoreditch
smear,
•-"Mra. Tyler, the wile of • labourer, had been to Pelham.
eereet, eld, on Thursday, Nov. 2, and was attacked with
erismes et dee see in th
eedp,
otreet im her way beck. Medical moist-
ameemes ImmeidleaMy aced. Ilex mother,ll.Blseliy,aime toollielate
es emese, wen with MlAtie cholera, and died on sutcl the
50. On the same afternoon, Jame. LLCM, the too of begotead.
rile, ions elm attacked, and died the next morning, in 18 hours: be
hid maim • emeaderuble quantity of grape. Os the eth, a daughter
et the swim ear, was also attached, and died oil b“ure. Mrs.
▪ the Are originally attacked. was toes four ehildren
Mee illmi Ilitbaii. pis warehouse, where 1 uninformed by 51r. Apr,
likeleargecie, she end two of the children have cried of Adie.
X making Mx persons in or from one house. On a minute
=.1.0...th0th the (amides to be poor, but not destitute, and the
crowded, but not, as regards public arrangement",
elbrrefee terivioue to health. There were 14 prom resident in this
helm built for four rooms, but actually containing three, the two
✓enme am having been converted into one Inhabited by Luis.. The
=ere 11y in this neighbourhood are itregular in their diet, often
and not attendee to the cleanliness so seemeary to health.
-111X0lig : M., 25, " epidemic chaktrt (5 dye)...-lit. Sanour :in
OA ileur's Wothbouee, widow, 65, 'fever, with bronchitis (15
ta,T): cholera (11 hours)."-St. °lore :on the 6th of November, at 3,
Ster-emst, Beresendepy-street, wife of a lebstuer, 24, " Asiatic
ehotera ; typhus ore. queut thereon (9 days)." F., 3. " cholera
Asiatics (48 hours). -Bermondsey, Leether-earket : IL. 73. " me;
lignem enders (X house)." M., 14, ...triode cholera ;27 haurd.'
F., " chokers." F., 11. " cholera." F. 10 years and 8 months
cholera (14 hatere)." F., 5 months, " cholera." F.. 3 rem and
• menthe. "Merrier I (14 boss:.: cholera Adolf's% !it bours)."-
Beemandeer : M., 7, " Asiatic cholera (21 hours)" M.. a, " Asiedle
elleiefa (3 dors)" U., 13, ..tcietic °bolero." P., 40, " Asian*
&aims (16 ti edst after milmiseice.;" F., 58, . Mimic Pbelein Ile
hoers.)" F., d, " dierriges 55 days; . Asiatic cholera 10 mum)
Kent-reed :At S, Crosn-yard, lateiVer, 31, " epteurehe cholera ;23
Isers.)" At 22, limy-street, woof A labourer, 19 months. "cholera
(5 days.). At 63, Kent-erect, labourer, 29, " spsmodie chol"re (18
heme.)'*-11S Mary, Sewing. on : 1., 41, . dlerra. ill hours);
elders (Samar Trinity : F., 3, us-tried= 4 day.) sapPeemsd
by
elsokra."-Lembsth : In Batalestreet, Nev.ein (deneely MX-
,' Idled, 12 aseneed sad drained), daughter of a lebaneee, lid " cholera
•Wli.bours) 'Mixes, diarrheas" r., 56, " cholera (3 days) aolleme."
female livedbyeelling triSeeis thestmetesnd atembhc-hoinee: she
resided la theharewhere the preordingesse occurred. These is another
pence ill. At 19, Belvedere.rosel, John *met. miners. an. " epee-
mock cholera iSO boars)." At 3, Cheitenhons.plue, widow of a
aawainalfer.Ba. "cholera spasmodic% (17 hours). „ At 19. Jeletell.
tarok, d,arirter, of a mere, ,i, "cholera +4c hours,. At 62, tbekley-
' diner, eea an _POW OS, " Miele chelers ',ye iICBB'S; all,
disrrhirs ;6 weeks)." At 52, Oalley-atreet, wife of a shoemaker, 31,
" Asiatic eh dere (4 days)." M. 4, .ebelera spaetnedies 4 day.;'
At ti, Dvecsureasrest. wile of a rope•epian,r, 6,..cholere +plc.
modica (6 days)." At 13, Jolui.seeet, sea of a 1 ibsuror, IS,
"chclera a°6l°' tall."-Casslyerwell; In Teethe...l%ll,W Lunatic
Asylum, M., se idiot, 85, " speemsodic cholera ,6 hours,." A spin.
err ;idiot), 3D, . spasmodic &Mesa (54 days) end coasecetire fever."
wife of a labourer, 5.e. "'purslane charm (es hours)." Mid ew of a
shoemaker, 52, .spismdlic cholera (S days'," At 4. Asir.
Oeorgettreet. C emberwetl, daughter ef a honorer. 9," cloieraPin
hours . At.
I, 51.diegru..dinete Wyndham-mad, M, 4, WO ef a
Lai uicr, . choler, I it..., ." 51., 6, son of a I Mower, ..taistie
...Art , Jo hous.)." ' :the .. me ease, were ins close confined Peel

whosemedmadwillassbnesiouluerageaste orkeekastmsta
atinakadessurdowis
.6.174,t8t I
hasneesa." 111"rnallie 4,basillefei= fet 4 1/16.141.1%surodualie (II ,:r
Mend Ity llis kik. Ms year hedik p
et kiosk
hair 18" bil• Wm woe _kw toe knes by kirk hisses
altildithe : P.* 111. " "mai ems& BS IBMs)." F.. TS. "disks
04 Mow)." 11-r=elefie ehircs (II lassisj."—Wislair• Dot-
trel s 111.14 ' Wwir..ao titossl. kis an no
firsisndtent
el andeed Wes bred thee's. "
lob aw Ilw elw• The WIS is. mowed user Os all.nlgo, se.
emu% " ghee[[ dam asithe shalom (4 days * togs&
~.....w. Allam.gbielera (4slll"7.l•lsit. ~ Se,••imeNti
mei ($606), iv:abalones (I day ," M., es, ass "
Whim (11 elape, Adak *NM (3 trrisreL IL. ROA ewa.
via, . opthetra:L1111111). Mildo *okra (II daya),dloOna (7
days), bow (1 " birst.—Gresawnit :la Dresksays Mei.
gt. lio ILmitam "—amebas :r, __
_4. " stern (le
the— : M. = " Nokia cholera (1 wet)."
I Net tentiled—es sadist at Heinen. wo opprohenied la
the shres are ask the dig Inks the dad dad. • asked mm
ens as kat for, who yeseked ts km, dada est. I haw nade
penile:he Istalrin of the bogy, ak hos no nom le sapper it
was earning but • else asensen lisilsb deism
Tits Stator or LONDON bee isneed a
thtpeatoral
letter to the clergy of his dioessa,calliegemponei
sme
unit
e o
dr
their utmost in their various loaditiek to remove
I mined canoes of the extension of cholera. " A line of duty."
I he obeervee, " in.fwetthdeichiwr
ohffitiheeshe
i:csliesoeurgifitoymainTigydo.rent a
tick
themselves
nautwurieuol
ewmitihnethnedy
6:knispanshiPmdeoniceff
and to minister to his maven be one of their plainest dative
it is a still more blessed work of charity to rescue, wider
the Missing of God, whole mares of their poorer brethren
from the inroads of disease. Intemperance and filliness,"
says his lordship, " are too frtquentle the result of wont, and
unless something be done for the relief of extreme indigence,
it will be an empty mockery. to tell those who are borne
down and crushed by its weight, that they would be less
miserable if they were Ina filthy." His lordship, in conclu-
sion, dwells emphatically upon the necessity of eembati.-4
the fallacy that cholera is contagious. " Let it, then, be one
object of your pastoral visits to remind those members of
your flock whom providence has entrusted with the means
of alleviating the misery of their fellow.creetures, that a
portion of their charitable expenditure can hardly Is more
safely or properly directed than towards defraying the ex-
pense of cleansing and ventilating the miserable sho.' es of
those by whose labour they are directly or incidentally
benefited."
LONDON TEMPEItANCE LUOVE.—The central
monthly meeting of this association seas held on Monday
evening at the Hall of Commerce, Threadneedle-street, J.
Dunlop, Bag. in the chair. Addresses were delivered by
Mr. Beggs, Rev. A. P. Black, and Mr. H. Clapp, of the
United States. The neakne pointed out the immorality
and crime occasioned by the custom of drinking, and urged
the audience to support those friends of social progress who
were endeavouring to rid this country of whet they regards,:
as one of the greatest evils by which it is afflicted.
BACK:VeiI PAROCIIIAL AtMOClATlON.—Yesterday,
a meeting of this useful arsociation was he'd at the Mitre
Tavern, Downham-road, for the purpose of affirming the
principle of self-government, and of economy in the expendi.
turn et the parish funds. The chair was taken by Mr. Mat.
son, who briefly explained the objects for which the meeting
was called.—Mr. Wickham thee, d the first resolution, to the
eff..c., that the district of Kingsland and De Beauvoir Town
being suflUently important in number of inhabitants, and I
in extent, to be entitled to hove some share in the manage-
ment of the parochial affairs of Hackney, of which
pariah it is part, it was expedient to divide the said
parish into weeds, of which Kingsland should be
one, and that immediate appication be made to the poor-
law commissioners to exert the power vested in them by
the set of parliament for the division of the pas ash of Hack-
ney into wards.—Mr. Wickham entered into some details
with respect to the mode in which the very extensive parish
of Hackney was governed by a certain clique in Church-
street, and stated that, whilst a tee-pound householder was
qualified to filen an M.P., it required a forty-pound rats
payer to elect a vestryman or guardian of the poor.—The re-
solution being seconded, was carried unanimously.—A
ou declaratory of the opinion of the miming
se-
that the increased charge far the police was extremely op
pressive, and that it afforded another instance of the reckless
manner in which the present government squandered the
people's money, was proposed and agreed to unanimously,
after which the meeting separated.
ROYAL GENERAL ANNUITY SOCIETY.—Yesterday
a special general meeting of this society, convened by public
advertisement, was held at the London Tavetn, for the pur-
pose of considering certain modifications in the rules to be
proposed be the dirt ctors. The chair was taken at 1 o'clock
by the Rev. W. H. Jones, after which the secreta'y read the
advertisement convening the meeting The chairman then
stated that the object fur which the subscribers had been
called together was to propose one or two modifications of
the rules, which would have the effect of increasing the use-
, eefulinne.gsscoefnteshewchhiuchitcyce. uTrrehedyinwethrseall.waw. areof
et.doftihdae
tdisee, wheut-ho
' in spite of all the exertions of their friends, were unable to
succeed at a first election, and that in many cases the most
worthy candidates retired in despair after one col test. In
order to remedy this as much as possible, the directors pro-
posed that fur three successive elections all votes for toe unsuc-
cestul candidates should be carried to their credit at the elec-
tion next following. The other alteration proposed by the di-
rectors was that there should I. e two elections in each year,
instead of one as at present —Mr. Beebe a subscriber,muyed
a resolution embodying the first alteration, which was
seconded by Copt, Allen.—Mr. Brewster disapproy.d of the
principle of carrying forward the votes, as detrimental to the
charity, end not good for the candidates. It had been esta-
blished in the case of the Deaf and Dumb Institution, and
the consequence was that the only exertion necessary was to
inscribe the name of the candidate, and he or she was sure to
be elected in three or four years. This deprived the friends
of the afflicted of all motives fur seal or exerts in. The St.
Anne's Society had a rule which he should wish to
see adted in the Annuity Society. It was that
when at an election the number of successful candidates had
been declared, the highest of the unsuccessful candidates
should be elected at the next following election.—Mr. Brew-
ster moved an amendment in harmony with his suggestion.
—Air, Bidden supported the original resolution, end men-
tioned a case of of great hardship which had occurred at the
lasteleetion, when a candidate,who had pulled 1,090 votes was
thrown out at the close of the day by a small pecuniary effort
I on the part of his opponents. The new rule would also put an
1 end to the treffic in proxies which at present gave rise to to
much disappointment.—Mr. Brewster withdrew his amend.
sent. and the original resolution was put and varied unani-
mously. The motion fixing two elections in the year instead
of one was alai put and carried, and the meeting separated.
INDIGENT BLIND SCHOOL.—Yesterday a general
meeting of the subeaiben to this charity took place at the
London Tavern, for the purpose of electing four male and
four female pupils. Tnero were 62 candidates on the list,
and of the eight selected three can only distinguish light
from darkness, and the others are totally ..lind.
EMIGRATION TO AMERICA.—A lecture was deli-
vered on Monday at the White Conduit-house, by Mr. W.
Coat. s, in explanation of the Totten' Emigration Society's
plan for providing employment for our surplus labour. The
lecturer, a working man from the Potteries, commenced by
reading the prospectus of the society : " the operative
potters of Staffordshire offer to their fellow-workeneaelt the
United Kingdom 20 acre farms and an efficient means of
protecting the value of their labour without resorting to ruin-
ous and expensive strikes. Contributions to be payable at
61. per week for each share of 11 Is. 6d., giving the right
to a ballot for priority of transmigration to a 20-acre farm at
the cost price of 61. 10e , the sum of 41. Bs. 6d. being ad-
vanced from the society's funds, together with the migrating
expenses of each member and family to the farm, the cost of
erecting the leg house, breaking up and fencing five acres of
the land, and sowing the same with wheat and Indian corn.
Credit to be given for 12 months' provisions. The whole of
the sum thus advanced to be repaid in ten years." The lee
Direr said that from the ruinous consequences to the potters
and all other trades from strikes and combinations within
the last 18 years, all of which had ended in their beingcom-
pelted to submit to their employers' terms, attention
bad been turned to the purchase of land abroad, and it
was found that in the United States of America ens y wield
get possession of twenty acres for the cost of one acre in Eng-
land. A c-de of laws had been formed, approved by Me
Tied Pratt, the society enrolled, end, notwithstanding great I
political and general opposition, they had at length sea
(ceded in purchasing, to commence with, 1,600 acres in the
state of Wisconsin : the estate was named Pottenville, and
upon it re: families from this country were already located ; I
these families, previously without a sixpence, and who had
the workhouse staring them in the Ise*, were in good health
and doing well; their latest letters stated that they n
wished to return to England. Of 60 of his friends who had
emigrated two or three years since, not one bad died, or had
any sachets, but enjoyed better health than in this country.
DEBBY SWEEPB.—HOLBORN SEBsIONS.--Yenter-
-1 day the magistrates for the Holborn divisioo met to
I transfer licenses for the division. The chairman previous
to the applications being granted, told Inspector Dodd of
the F division, who was present, that it was the desire of the
bench that every licensed victualler in 'he district should be
informed that the bench were determined to refuse any
license to a house at which in future monster sweeps or
Derby sweeps should be allowed. Notices would be for.
warded to the police, in or ler that they might be left with
every licensed inctuallee so that there might be no excuse in
March next, when the renewal of licenses should be applied

for.
THE CHARGE OF FORGEELY.—MICANZISANDPHIL-
Lirs.—Sir, —On reading your repel', of the proceedings in
this matter in your jcnrnal of this di, I observe it stated
that " everything in the shape of a claim against Mr. Phil.
Ups is withdrawn by Mr. Sl'Kensie." Such is not the fact.
It was merely agreed that the parties ►h,uld be placed kith*
same pcsitioa in respect to o, en accounts, jest as if the ate
ceptance fur 3,0001. had never elist,,d. I trust, in justice to
31e. 31•Kenzie, you will alio./ this to appear in ynnr columns,
for the impnnion c mveyed by the report would suggest that
a conpromise of the alltur had been made —I remain, &c.,
i F. Bontia.—Bucklasbury, Nov. 14.
BBIrWitICS AND Loss OF TEN Ltves.—Theßarque
Carmelite, of Bangor, Capt. Cole, from Fayal, 9th Sept.,
for Boston, with carrel of sperm oil, wines. Etl.. end thirteen
pas-engem, was abandoned at sea on the 29,n of Septemb•r,
Hi a sinking condition, having yin boarded by a sea while
scudding in a gale on the 23rd. in lat. 26 40, N, 100. 63 30.
W, which swept the decks and broached the ...sled to. She
was got before the wind again, leasing badly ; soon became
unmanageable, and broache.i to a second time, and capsized.
Capt. Cole, two maces, Eve seamen, and fur passengers, soot
eceded in regaining the vessel ; nine passengers, three of
' them femal. i, and one se►man, were drowned. Ahout one
hour after, the vessel righted, with mainmast, fire and
mizen vpsails gone, and full of watvr. Sr.e cams to on the
ocher tack, and lay on her beansends during the night. At
daylight neat MOWN! the reesel was a cons ,leas wreak, the
sea making a clear breach over her. Both swot were
Wally disabled, the crew whoUy ezhaustad, and one pas-
s niter had a broken leg. Tile crew succeeded in clearing
the Trick of broken span, and mein; a small quantity of

THE SEA SERPENT AND PROFESSOR
OWEN.
Professor Owen, of the College of Salvors, has
published a letter in which be makes the following remarks
on the sea serpent. The original communication was groom
, palsied by a sketsb, which the writer describes as " a reduced
I copy of the drawing of the head of the animal seen by Capt.
Quaae, attached to the submerged body of a large seal,
showing the long eddy produced by the action of the termi-

nal flippers"
Thu sketch (says the Professor) will suggest the reply to
your query whether the monster seen from the Thrialue
be anything hut a Saurian r " If it be the true answer it
destroys the romance of the incident, and will be anything
but acceptable to those who prefer the excitement of the
imagination to the satisfaction of the judgment. I am
far from insensible to the pleasures of the die
corm of a new and rare animal, but before I
can cniriy them certain condiOns, e. g. reasonable
proof or evidence of its existence, must be ful-
filled lam also far from undervaluing the informsticn
which Captain M.Quhae has given us of what he saw. When
fairly souped it lies in a small compass ; but my knowledge
of the animal kingdom compels me to draw other conclu-
sions from the phenomena than those which the gallant cap-
t iin seems to have jumped at. He evidently saw a large sow
mal eso—' rapidly through the water, very different from
- • .---..,d—neither a whale &gum-

A MOVing „
Idling be Lad trfore

any,. _
pee, agreat shark, an alligator, nor any other of the larger sur-
face-swimming (nouns which are fallen in within ordinary
vos ages. He writes On our attention being called to the
object it eras disowned to be an enormous serpent" (read
" animal"), " with the head and shoulders kept about four
feet constantly above the surface of the sea. The diameter
of the serpent" (animal) "was about 15 or 16 inches behind
the head; its odour a dark brown, with yellowish white
about the throat." No firm were seen (the captain says
there were none ; but from his own account he did not see
enough of the animal to prove his negative). " Something
like the mane of a hone, or rather a bunch of sea. weed,
washed about its back. So much of the body as wee seen
was " not used in propelling the animal through the water,
either by vertical or horizontal undulation," A calculation
of Its length was made under • strong precore lotion of the
nature of the beast. The heed e. g. is stated to be "
out any doubt that of a snake ;" and yet • snake would be
1, the last species to which a naturalist conversant with the
bons and characters et the heads of animals would refer such
a heed as that of which Captain M'Quhte hes transmitted •
drawing to the Admiralty, and which he certifies to have
been accurately copied in the Ilksetrated London News for
October 28, 1848, p. 265. No sooner was the captain's atten-
tion stalled to the object than " it was discovered to be an
enormous serpent ;" and yet the closest inspection of as much
of the body as was visible, u
_llene drag, failed to detect any
undulations of the body, although such actions constitute the
very character which would distinguish a serpent or serpeuti-
form swimmer from any other marine species. The fore-
gone conclusion, therefore, of the beast's being a sea serpent,
notwithstanding its capacious vaulted cranium and stiff in-
flexible truuk, must be kept in mind in estimating the value
of the approximation made to the total length of the animal,
as "at the sery least 60 feet." This is the only part of the
description, however, which stems to me to be so uncertain
as to es inadmissible in an attempt to arrive at a right conclu-
sion este the nature of the animal. The more certain characters
of the animal are these :—Head, with • convex, moderately
capacious cranium, short obtuse mimes, gape of the mouth
not extending further than to beneath the eye, which is
rather small, round, filling closely the palpebral aperture;
colour, dark brown above, yellowish white beneath; surface
smooth, without males, mutes, or other conspicuous modi-
fication' of hard and asked cuticle. And the captain says,
" Had it been a men of my acquaintance I should have easily
recognised his features with my naked eye." Nostrils not
mentioned, but indicated in the drawing by a ere-
sceptic mark at the end of the nose or muzzle. Ail these
are the characters of the head of a warm-blooded mammal ;
none of them those of a cold-blooded reptile or fish.
Body long, dark brown, not undulating, without dorsal or
other apparent fine; " but something like the mane of a horse
or tether a bunch of sea-weed washed about its back." The
charatost of the integuments would be a most important
one for she zoologist in the determination of the class to
which the above defined creature belonged. If any opinion
can be deduced as to the integuments from the above
indication, it is that the species had hair, which, if it ,
was too short and close to be distinguished on the head,
was visible where it usually is the longest, on the
middle line of the shoulders or advanced part of the
back, where it was not stiff and upright like the rays of a
fin, but" washed about." Guided by the above interpreta-
tion of the " mane of &horse, or • bunch of sea-weed," the
animal was not a cetaceous mammal, but rather a great
seal. But what seal of large size, or indeed of any size,
would be encountered in latitude 24 deg. 44 min. south, and
longitude 9 deg. 22 min. east—viz , about 300 miles from the
western shore of the southern end of Africa ? The most
likely species to be Core met with are the largest of the seal
tribe, e. g. Anson's sea lion, or that known to the southern
whalers by the came of the " Sea Elephant," the photo pro.
boscidia, which Wain the length of from 20 to 30 feet. 'r nevi
great seals abound in cert.in of the islands of the southeen
and antarctic seas, from which an individual is occasionally
floated off upon an iceberg. The sea lion exhibited in Lou.
don last spring, which was a young individual of the piton
proboacidia, was actually captured in that predicament, hay-
ing been carried by the currents that set northward towards
the Cape, where its temporary resting place was rapidly
melting away. When • large individual of the phoca
proboecidia or phoca konines is thus borne off to • dis-
tance from its native shore, it is compelled to return for
rest to its floating abode after it has made ite daily excur-
sion in quest of the fishee or 'quids that constitute its food.
It is thus brought by the iceberg into the latitudes of the
Cape, and perhaps further north, before the berg has melted
away. Then the poor seal is compelled to swim as long as
strength endures; and in such a predicament I imagine the
creature was that Mr. Sartoris saw rapidly approach-
, log the Beduin from before the beam, scanning, probably,
its capabilities as a resting place, as it paddled its long stiff
body past the ship. In so doing it would raise a head of the
form and colour described and delineated by Captain
M'Quhae, supported on a neck also of the diameter given ;
the thick neck passing into an inflexible trunk, the longer
and coarser hair on the upper part of which would give
rise to the ides, especially if the apes ice were the phoea
leonine, explained by the similes above cited. The organs
of locomotion w.uld be out of sight. The pectoral firs
being sot on very low down, as in my sketch, the
chiet impelling force would be the action of the deeper
imwersed terminal lies and tail, which would create a long
eddy, readily mistakeable by one looking at the strange
phenomenon with a sea serpent in his mind's eye for an
definite prolongation of the body.
It is very prebable that not one on board the Daedalus
ever before beheld a gigantic seal freeay swimming in the
open ocean. Entering unexpectedly upon that vast and
commonly blank desert of waters it would be a strange and
exciting spectacle, and might be well interpreted as a mar-
vel ; but the creative powers of the human mind appear to
be really very limited, and on all the occasions where the
true source of the "great unknown" has been detected
—whether it has proved to be a file of sportive porpoiaw, or
• pair of gigantic shorks,—old Pontoppidan's sea serpent
with the mane has uniformly suggested itself as the represen-
tative of the portent, until toe mystery has been unease PO.
The vertebrae of the sea serpent described and delineated in
the " Wernerien Transaction," vol. 1, and sworn to by the
fishermen woo saw it off the Isle of Strolls% (one of the
Orkneys), in 1308, two of which vertebra are in the Museum
cf the College of Surgeons, are certainly those of a ge' at
shark, of the genus +cloche, and :.re not distinguishable from
those of the sonic, called "basking shark," of which indi-
viduals from 30 to 3-5 :eet in length have been from time to
time captured or stranded on our coasts.
I hare no unmeLt c atifidence in the exactitude of my in-
terpretation onohe pl.enomen e b the captein and
ethers of the Dalian. lam toowitn sensissedble oar the inadequacy
of the characters which the opportunity of a rapidly-passing
animal, " in a long man swell," enabled them to note, for
the determination of its species or genus. Goring due cre-
dence to the mast probably accurate elements of their et.
scription, they do little more than guide the zoologist to the
class, which, in the present instance, is not that of the ser-
vant or the saurian.
But I em usually asked, after each endeavour to explain
Captain 3Pcluhise's set serpent, n Way there should wet b a
ereat sea serpent i"—often, too, in a tone which seems to
" Do you think, then, there are not 111,Th marvels
in the deep than are dreamt of in your philosophy
And, freely conceding that point, I leave felt haunt to
give a reason for scepticism as well as f sith. If a gigartic
sea serpent ae'uolly exists, the Teel, s mast, of course, have
won perpetuated throw+ successive generations (omits
first oration an.l introduesieu in 'ha seas of thie planet.
Conceive, then, the number of individuals that must have