The Express.
London, England, 1846-10-01 00:00:00

No. 27.] LONDON, THUESDAY EVENING, OCT. 1,1846. [3d.

Pelee 3d. each, or So for 23 ece des (or distribution ma:00
Cottage Tenantry.
THE C(YTTADER'S CA f.ENDAR of GARDEN
OPERATIONS.—By Junes Perms, Gardener to his Grace
the Duke of Devonshire, Ex. &c. Reprinted from the "Gardeners'
Chronicle." Above 25,000 have already been soh.
003117.XTS
Fruit Pigs
Fuchsias Pinks
Gentianfila Pinking
Mai Plums
Gooseberries Poi Lathes

African Lilies
Agapanthus
Anew,:nen
Annuals
Apples
Apricot
Auricular
Beans
Beet
Biennials

gernity
Harbors
Herbs
Herbaceous Persil-
slab,

Privet
Pruning
Pr
Pronagate by nutting,
Prnicint.hs
ItudiPher
Ranthro

Black fly
Books, Ilst tv4 for Cot-
tager*
Bongs
Borstals
sdalnp
Bewail
Brussels sprouts
Budding
Bulbs
Cabbage
Cactus
Calecollrins
Californian Annuals
Campanulas
Carnations
Carrots
CAulifiowers
Celery
Cherries
Cblna Asters

lion;7l ueld•

Hyaont
Hydrangeas
Hyssop
Indian Cress
Iris

iiidney Beans
Lavender

Leeks
Leptcsfpbons
Lettooe
LebOlias
L,3115:0i.i Pride

Lycbnio, Double
Marjoram
Maumee
Marvel of Pere
Mesombryintbernum
Mignonette
Mint
Mustard
Nareiasu.
Nenop::ilas
Cbaiiaiiera Wrens
Onions
Pieonies
Penmip
Parsley
Peaches
Pee-balm
Pears
Pies
Pelargoniums
Perennials
Persian Iris
Petbuiss
role.
ILLTMTIAI WIT/ MMTIAL 1

nerve
Chives
Clai kin,

Co
Co'sworn;
cress
Creepers
Crocus
Crown Imperials
Cueumhers
Cltic-Alone,' Flowers

--
is N'imloes
Currants
Dahlias
Dairies
Ws-tooth Violeta
Exhibitions, preparing
articles for
Ferns, al protection

Pablightgl at " TIIE
Owsurgp" office. S. Upi

LATEST INTELLIGENCE.

THIS DAY. Four o'Clock.

An Express received from Ireland has brought us
intelligence of the recurrence of food riots m the
south, attended, we regret to say, with a melancholy
loss of life. The military and the people have been in
collision. On the afternoon of Monday the troops
were called out, and some shots were fired, at Dun-
garvon. Several persons were wounded, two of
whom expired the fallowing morning. The Dragoons
were pelted with stones and other missiles. A letter
from Waterford says :—" 'lle multitude afterwards
went to the house of Mr. Usher, of Cappa, which they
attacked. The whole country between this and Cork
is in an awful excitement—groups in every part of
the road. God knows how this rioting for provisions
will end."'

By the packet Petrel, Lieut. Creser, arrived at Fal-
mouth, we have accounts from Rio Janiero to the 3th,
Bahia, the 19th, and Pernambuco the 26th Aug.
Iler Majesty the Empress of the Brazils was safely
delivered of a princess on July 27th; the greatest
rejoicings took place in celebration of the event.

The amount of money taken by the Brazilian trea-
sury for this packet was 20,0001. upon London,
and 260,000 f. upon France. In expectation of the
sailing of the Petrel packet on the 26• h July, trans-
actions were brought to a close for her on the 24th,
when 15,0004 were passed upon London at 26! pence;
nor did the subsequent detention of the packet mate-
rially increase the amount of business, which had
reached 45,000/., for this packet, at 261 d., to 27d. for
indirect bill,. Discounts continued to be freely
obtained.

The mercantile news we extract from the Price
Current of 31st Jnly :
The further detention of the Petrel packet induces us to
publish the present number, which, from the limited amount
of business since our lut, could otherwise be delays d until
the report of the month could be presented.
COFFEE.—Prices have been unaltered during the week, in
which about 30,000 bags have been sold, but the market is
rather flat as regards the lower qualities. Shipped during
July, 137,074 hags, of which for the Cape of Good Hope,
4,660 bags; for Cowes, 4,430; for Hamburgh, 3,6:30 fur
London, 594; for United States, 5,200; for New York,
3,000: for River Plate, 42.
St-GAIL—None at market, 160 eases arrived July 31.
HIDES.—Not a sale reported. Market flat.

fhc Spider had arrived at Rio from Monte Video,
and announced that a cessation of war had taken
place between the belligerents, but this rumour must
have related to the notification of a temporary cessa-
tion with which later accounts have made us ac-
quainted.
The Petrel has brought the following passengers :
Count St. Martin, Mr. Shepherd, Dr. Mac Cormack
and son, Mr. Rick, Mr. Cottrell, Master Stegman, Mr.
Downes, Mr. sad Mrs. Tully and servant, Mr. Burton
and child, Miss Derry, 31" r. and Mrs. Tucker and
children.

The following ships were at Rio when the packet
left : Her Majesty's acket Seagull, the Grecian, and
Spider branch packet; the United States ships,
Bainbridge, Colombia, and Constitution, and
the French ship of war, Proserpine. The
imperial frigate, Constitution, in command of Admiral
Grenfell, and bearing his pendant, was expected to
sail on Aug. 10 for England ; and it was said that
Mr. Hamilton, the British minister, would return
home by this opportunity.

The American papers furnish the latest intelligence
from Haysnnah. The Journal of Commerce has the
following news to the 25th August:
There are very few American vessel+ in port, and only
one not taken up. The rest generally are loading for
Europe at M. 7s. to U. 10s. There appears to be no dispo-
sition to use the American flag, particularly when neutrals
are plentiful. Now, although we need not fear cruisers, yet
the war has the effect to decrease the demand for our vessels,
which would not be the case if the United States govern-
ment sent out to these ports a sufficient number of swill
exalt to convoy the American vessels through and about the
waters. The United States government ought to have four
neat 4-gun steamers here. They would be more effective
than 20 ships on this station.
There is no sale for provisions of any kind.
The oil sent out here some four months ago lies quietly
under the quarter of a shed, close by the Custom-house,
open to the full force of the sun's rays, which is making sad
havoc with it as far as regards " leakage." I don't know
who the lucky owner may be.
There are no good sugars in the market, and quotations I
are very high ; the wont kind, 41 to 5 reals ; common
brawn, 6 real+ ; yellow, 61 to 8 r..mbi ; white, none ; good,
to B', reals. The nest crop will b: in very early, and pro-
nii•cs to be the most abundant ever k.lown. Much sugar is
yet on the plantatiot. owing to heavy ?ens and bad roads;
in all estimated at 150,000 to 200,000 boxes yet to go forward.
It is very sickly, and disagreeably warm.

A memorial to 0-e King is circulating among the
merchants of Rotterdam for signature, in which,
after adverting to the laws provisionally in force,
decreed last year and the present, by which the im-
portation of foreign grain is encouraged and permitted
free of duty, they express their opinion "that the
moment is arrived for introducing into Holland com-
plete liberty of trade in corn."

An arrival, rid Fleetwood, has brought the latest
accounts to Liverpool of the state of the Great Britain,
stranded in Dundrum Bay. The particulars furnished,
we regret to say, are of a most unfavourable kind,
and render the prospects of her ultimate safety- more
remote than there was previously any reason to anti- i
cipate It appears that during the recent gales she
has been driven broadside on the shore, where she lies
surrounded by reeky stones, so that the means to be
employed for getting the vessel off may possibly lead
to further injury. As it is, she is reported to have
but one compartment uninjured, the water rising in
the others to the height of the surrounding tide. A
few days mast now decide the fate of this noble vessel.
Captain Claxton, one of the directors of the Joint
Stock Company to which the Great Britain belongs,
has published the result of his inquiries into the cir-
cumstances attending the grounding of the vessel,
and exprassei an unhesitating judgmeat, that thacon-
fidenee which has been reposed fur so many years in
Captain Hosken is in no degree to be,shaken by an
event so deeply affecting his character as an officer
and a seaman. We append Captain Claxton's letter
to his co-directors, which will speak for itself; but,
without desiring to press heavily upon Capt. Hosken,
it is impossible not to observe that what purposes to
be a vindication leaves many important matters un-
explained. The Great Britain left Liverpool, and at
12h, 50m. discharged her pilot ; at sh. 30m. saw the
Isle of Man ; at 7h. Captain flosken himself remarked
that the ship mast be well up with the Calf of Man
lights, when in fact he had passed them ; and at
9h. 30m. we find the vessel on shore thirty miles
distant on the coast of Ireland; the St. John's light
on the northern point of the Bay of Dundrum, which'
revolves once every minute, having been confounded
with the lights on the Calf of Dian, which revolve
once every two minutes. Captain Claxton attributes
blame to Nlessrs. Walker for not havingmarked the St.
John's light in the chart by which Captain Hosken
was steering, from which we are to conclude that
Capt. Hosken knew nothing of a light which, ac-
cording to ('apt. Claxton's account, has been in use
for three years ; and he goes on to contend that had
no such light been in existence, the accident never
would have occurred. Capt. Claxton's reasoning
upon this point is inconclusive; besides it is obvious
that the vessel at the time she struck must haw overrun
the reckoning by many, many miles. To this, in fact,
must be attributed the catastrophe, notwithstanding
the causes to which ('apt. Claxton would refer it in
the letter which we subjoin
Great Britain, Dundrum Sands, Sept. 2R.
Dear Sir,- —On my arrival on board this morning, after
looking at the position of the ship, and Capt. Hosken's dis-
positions fur getting her afloat at the proper time. I :eoueht
and, as I expected, received from him a candid and clear
detail of the circumstances which preceded the unfortunate
occurrence. For the information of my colleagues, and the
rest of the shareholders of the company, I hasten to convey
to you the result of that inquiry, which I have no hesitation
in saying has satisfied me that the confidence which we have
far eu many years placed in that most excellent man ought
net in the sffghtest de;ree to he shaken by an event so
deeply affecting his character as an officer and a seaman.
The first officer has charge of the ship's lug, and fron. him
I obtained the following extract:
"At 12h. 50m, p.m. di'chareed pilot. At lb., abreast
of the Bell Buoy, speed 11 knots, wind southerly ; set
maintopsail and topgallantsail and foresail (foretopsail
had been previously set) ; course N.W. by N. At 4h.,
fresh breezes and thick hazy weather. sh. 30n. saw the
land on starboard bow indistinctly through the rain.
7h. 301 n., in wizen spencer. Bh., fresh breezes and very
thick, with constant rain ; trimmed sails to haul up N. by
E. • in topgallantsails. Bh. 15m., observed Calf of Man
Light bearing N.N.W. half W., altered course to N. by W.
Sh. 30m., in first and second reef of foretopseil and single-
reefed the maine?psail. At 9h., squared the yards.
9h. 30m., in fore -ail, while takin:r it in saw land on star-
board bow ; stopped engiaes, put helm hard a-port, reversed
cosines full speed; slap came up to N.N E., afterwards to
N.B. and stopped; dewed sails up." (Then follow details
of proceedings as to after occurrences, when she was thump.
ing and in the breakers.) The following note appears to
have been added to the log, probably when the excitement
at as over:—" At 7h. the captain remarked to me that the
ship ought to be well to the Calf of Man lighta, as the log
showed she had run her distance. He ask: dif the log glass
was correct, which wan a new one and found correct. At Bh.
the sails w ere trimmed for hauling the ship up N. by E.,
after doing which obaerved the light, and kept ship off aguin
of NM. half N. ; squired yards. The captain said the ship
had run her distance, but supposed the light was the Calf
light, and that one of them was obscured by the thick
weather."

Ou examining Captain Hosken'a chart, on which are his
cross hearings of the supposed points of the Isle of Man, of
which so short and indistinct a glimpse was caught, I find
it is addressed to the Mayor and Town Council of Liverpool,
published by John and Alexander Walker, agents to the
Admiralty, 72, Carle-greet, Liverpool, and 9, Castle-street,
London, 1816." It was bought by Captain Hosken when
going out on his previous voyage in June as the latest and
most ecrrect chart, but in it is no mention whatever of a
revolving, or intermitting light, or any other light whatever
on St. John's point. There, however, the light is : and it is
now my business to show that had the light been, as it ought
to have been—having been in use for three years (if I am cor-
rectly informed)—in the chart, or had there been no light at all
on that point, the accident would not have happened. On taking
his departure from the Bell Buoy Capt. Hosken steered pre-
cissly the same course as the Windsor, constant steamer to
Belfast, was steered by her captain on Saturday last, N.W.
by N., and that is the correct course for the Calf of Man.
St. John's point also bears N.W. by N. from the Bell Buoy.
Capt. Hosken calculated his speed to be 11 knots ; it really
was more, and his ship no doubt was ahead of his calculation
four or five miles. A glimpse was caught of the Isle of Man,
but the lights on the Calf were nev r seen, which I account
for by the fact that it was very thick, and between suns-t
and dark, when she passed probably four or five miles to the
south. Had it been quite dark elle would probably have
seen them, and had she Been them the accident could not
have happened, as he would have steered away his North
Channel course after rounding them. At 7, it appears by
the first officer's note to his log the captain remarked she
must be well up with the Calf lights. There is no doubt he
had even then pared them, but he had a fine open channel
of more than thirty miles between them and the Irish coast.
He informed me that he then said as he could not see them,
he should alter his course, at eight, shorten sail, and go easy
for the north channel, which intention he had begun to put
in practice; and this was the right practice, amid if pursued, all
would have been well, as he would soon have made the nest
proper light in his course of north by east—the South Rock, to
the north of Strangford Lough entrance (albeit, as he can-
didly admits, a half dozen miles nearer than he expected).
when this St. John's light, of which he had never heard,
and which is not named in his chart, is all at once seen, and
that, too, within the exact bearing of the Calf of Man lights,
supposing he had not passed them. The e, tax was again
altered ; the St. John's light was treated as the Calf of Man
lights would hare been had they been seen—i.e., given such
a berth as insured clearing the Hen and Chickens, end then
rounded, and then, instead of being in a deep water channel,
the ship takes the roundabout a league to the west of this,
at best, deceiving light, and, in his case, decided decoy duck.
In hastening to get this letter off, knowing the anxiety of
my colleagues, I write under some excitement, and under
most unpleasant circumstances; due allowances should
therefore, be made. I am quite aware of all that may be
said by nautical men. I know, from my own thoughts, be-
fore I saw the chart in Captain Hosken's possession, how
many strong questions may be put as to distance and speed—
as to one set of lights revolving every two minutes, St.
John's light every minute only. To all of them I answer,
it is easy to say the door should have been lock:11, after the
horse has been stolen. It was hard to make out lights at all ;
aid, as to counting differences of time under some circum-
stances, it is impossible, o: next to it. The facts are rim :c :
—The captain's judgment was right up to the time of his
wing this not laid down light ; and puzzled, as he states
himself to have been, to account for not being further
a-head when he took it for the Calf, he acted by that light
as I verily believe, most men would hareacted under similar
r clctussatances.
I have only to add my meed of praise for all that has been
done by Captain Hosken since the occurrence—my admira-
tion of his manly bearing under circumstances that might
well have crushed a weaker mind, and of the discipline and
good conduct of the officers and men under his command,
who are working gallantly, I may say, under circumstances
of great trial and difficulty, if not of clanger.
The compasses were perfectly correct, and the ship herself
so strong as to defy hitherto shocks from rollers and seas at
high water, which, in nay humble opinion, would by the end
oflast week have broken up the strongest wooden ship that
ever was built.
The ship lies in the worst position for coming off; still, if
we are favoured with tolerable weather, I see at pre-ent no
reason to doubt her being afloat by the end of the week.
Yours truly, CHRIATOCIIER CLAXTON.
W. M. Bennett, Esq., Secretary.

DE %Tll OF E IVALDEGRAVY.—We have to
announce the death of Lord Waldegrave ; it wok plae.! on
Monday last, at the family seat in Somersetshire. Laving
no family, the noble deemed is succeeded by hie uncle, the