The Express.
London, England, 1853-07-20 00:00:00

RUSSIA AND TURKEY.

Letters from Paris assure us that the question of
peace or war is there considered as settled in favour
of the former, but as no news has been received from
St. Petersburg, it is just possible that the Parisian
politicians mistake the absence of new excitements for
an improvement of the situation. The Sic('le says:
" The following, according to information which we
have received, i 3 the situation at the present moment.
After the Cabinet Council, held at London on the
2nd of July, the day when the second note of M. de
Nesselrode was published at St. Petersburg, the
British government addressed to the Russian cabinet
a project of arrangement which it had previously
submitted to France. This project is a kind of
paraphrase of the treaty of Kainardji, and leaves
things substantially as they were before the
embassy of Prince Menchikoff. The French
government, on its part, has also sent to St. Peters-
burg the draft of an arrangement which has been
communicated to England. and which does not essen-
tially differ from that of the British cabinet. At
Vienna, after long conferences between M. de ?doyen-
dorff, ambassador of Russia, and M. de Buol, Presi-
dent of the Austrian cabinet, a third project of
arrangement has been drawn up. The effect of this
proposal is that the Porte should accept the note of
Prince Menchiknff, and that in exchange Russia
should give to the Porte a note, declaring that the
Czar does not wish to exercise any other than a
purely religious protectorate in Turkey. M. de Boar-
queney, the French minister at Vienna, and the Earl of
Westmoreland, have been: informed of this project,
but they have had no part in its preparation. Fi-
nally, the Porte has expressed the formal wish that
the arrangement between it and Russia may con-
sist of a treaty which, taking that of 1841 as a start-
ing point, should place the integrity of the Ottoman
empire and the execution of the lumens under the
guarantee of the five great powers. None of these
projects—and, least of all, that of Turkey—has
any chance of being accepted by the Czar, as we
may plainly see from the last note of the Russian
chancellor. It was the duty of tho French and
English governments to negotiate, but the last note
of Count Nesselrode hes changed the face of
affairs.

It is stated on the faith of a telegraphic despatch
from Constantinople that on the 10th—one day later
than our yesterday's intelligence—Mustapha F'ache.
Grand Vizier, and Reschid l'acha, Minister for Fo-
reign Affairs, both gave in their resignations; and
on the afternoon of the same day both resumed office.
Of course the difficult position in which the Divan
finds itself peculiarly exposes the chief ministers to
the chances of displacement, but events will prove
how far they are able to resist the double pressure
brought against them.
A letter from St. Petersburg of the 7th announces
the arrival in that city of the Austrian Field-Mar-
shal Baron Gulley, on board the Wladimir. lie was
'ac ompanied by a major and three captains. The
letter adds that more than 10,000 men were already
assembled in the camp of Krasnoe-Selo, and that
manceuvres were about to commence.

The German Journal of Fran',Art contains a let-
ter from Constantinople, which says :—" M. de Bruck,
the Internuncio of Austria, has communicated to the
Divan a note from the Cabinet of Vienna contain-
ing an offer of mediation and intervention in the
Turco-Rnssian difference. The Divan has informed
Lord Stratford de Radcliffe, M. Delacour, and
M. de Weildenbreich of the offers of Austria,
and has declared that the Western powers having
the first testified their sympathy to the Sultan, it
could not come to any resolution -before having con-
sulted all their representatives. Thus the Turco-
Russian difference cannot be arranged in satisfactory
manner, except by a protocol signed by the five
great powers. It is proposed that the five great
powers shall enter into a collective treaty of the pri-
vileges and immunities of the Christian creeds, but
the policy hitherto followed by Russia does not
allow any hopes to be entertained of such an arrange.
meat being accepted by her.
A letter from Vienna of July 15, in the Lloyd's,
says :—" Mehemed Laftalage arrived here yesterday
direct from Constantinople with despatches, and la
to return to-morrow. He brings, it is said, the cir-
cular of the Porte relative to the occupation of the
Danubian principalities by the Russian troops. A
despatch which arrived here to-day from Hermann-
stadt announces that on the 9th Omer Pasha con-
centrated the nucleus of his troops between Nicopoli
and Rustschuck. On the bank beyond Giurgevo
there are 8,000 Russians. Letters from St. Peters-
burg state that the Emperor of Russia left that city
on the II th for Warsaw, where he is to arrive on
the 15th."-

A letter from Constantinople in a Vienna journal
states that the commander of the ports in the Dar-
danelles has received orders to allow the French and
English steamers to pass by day and by night. A
similar order has also been sent him for those of
other nations.

SPAIN.

Letters of the 14th state that M. Llorent, the
newly-appointed Spanish ambassador to Constan-
tinople, has left for his post.

ITALY.
TUSCANY.

A letter from Florence, of the I 1 th, in the
Opinione of Turin, states that the Tuscan ministry
has ordered a dozen copies of M. Nlontanelli's work
(which, as is well known, contains the names of
most of those persons who have played a conspicuous
part in the political conspiracies of Tuscany since
1830, and many of whom are now functionaries of
the government), in order to send them to the pre.
fects and governors of Tuscany, as it contains precious
hints for the police
.department.