The Express.
London, England, 1853-02-17 00:00:00

LOWER HOUSE.

The lower honsZmet,Onre-aseeMbling after the ad-
journment from November, at 11 o'clock, in the Jerusalem
I Chamber, Dean's yard, Westminster. Dr. Peacock, Dean
of Ely, the elected prolocutor, presided.
After the names of the members of the house bad been
called over, the minutes of the last session were read and
confirmed.

The Pummel:von then communicated the " Report " of
the joint committee of the two houses (which had sat during
the recess) on the subject of the discipline of clerks. [For
report, see the proceedings of the Upper House.]
On the motion of Dr. SPRY, seconded by Dr. Ressem.,
it was resolved that the report lie on the table for future
consideration.
A conversation took place with respect to the circulation
of this report among members. It was agreed that the
Upper House should be requested to order that it be
printed.
The Puotmecroz then said that the next subject for
consideration was with respect to the committee appointed
in November by that house to consider gravamina et re
fernsanda referred to it. It would be recollected that there
had been an understanding that the committee wee to sit
in the recess conditionally upon the approval of bis Grace
the President being communicated ; and as no communica-
tion had been received from the upper house, conveying the
required approval, previous to the adjournment, he (the
Prolocutor) had been requested to take the earliest means
of obtaining a decision on the subject. The result was that
the following correspondence had passed. On the 23rd of
November the Prolocutor addressed the following letter to
his Grace the Archbishop:—
"My Lord Archbishop,—l was requested by the Lower
House of Convocation to take measures for assembling the
members of the committee appointed by them, as soon as I
had received an intimation of your grace's concurrence in
tke resolution which I had the honour to place in your
grace's hands. I trust, therefore, that your grace will par-
don me, if I venture to ask—in conformity with the duty
thus imposed on me—whether your grace would object to
my summoning the committee.—Believe me, my Lord
Archbishop, with great respect and regard, your grace's
very obedient servant, " Gronne Pusicocx."
On the 28th of November, the Prolocutor had the honour
to receive the following answer from his grace:
"Addington, Croydon, Nov. 27, 18.52.
"Dear Mr. Dean,—No answer was returned to the reso-
lution of the Lower House concerning the appointment of '
• committee, because the novelty of the case made it neces-
sary to take counsel upon the subject, for which there was
no sufficient time before the prorogation. I am not now
competent to give my consent to the summoning of the
committee, as proposed in your letter, because I am unable
to do any presidential act during the recess of Convocation.
I remain, dear Mr. Dean, your faithful servant,
"J. B. CANTAUR."
He had forwarded copies of these letters to all the mem-
bers of the committee; but he bad not considered himself
authorised to take any further steps until the re-assembling
of the house. The resolution passed in November was the
following:
"That the Lower House of Convocation begged respect-
fully to state to his Grace the Archbishop of Canterbury,
and to his right rev. brethren, that important representa•
tions on matters at present affecting the welfare of the
church, and conformably to the former usages of the Con-
vocation, had been introduced into the lower house ; that
the house proposed to re!er them to a committee, and that
the house thereby repeetfully invited his grace and his right
rev. brethren, so to order the prorogation and continuations
of the Convocation as to allow the home to receive in due
time the report of such committee, and to take it into consi-
deration."

The condition imposed that the committee should not sit
without sanction was imposed, in consequence of doubts
with respect both to the expediency and to the right of the
committee of the lower house sitting and enacting
without the consent of the archbishop. The Prolo-
cutor then proceeded to say that he had felt it
his duty to study elaborately the law and practice of convo-
cation in order that he might come to a decisive conclusion
as regarded the question of right which had been raised ;
and be now, in a speech which was historical in character
and minute in its detailed references to precedents, stated
his conclusions to the house. In the first place, he believed
there was no sound analogy between the practice of parlia-
ment and the practice of convocation. Practically, there
was no adjournment in the parliamentary sense in convoca-
tion; every sitting, if only after an adjournment from morn-
ing to evening, was a separate session ; and, in fact, the
eases were innumerable of committees sitting in the recess,
or between sessions. This was the case with regard to com-
mittees of the lower es well as of the upper house. In con-
clusion, be said that he had not that day read any commu-
nication from the president respecting committees. It was,
therefore, for the lower house new to decide what course
the would take.
The Dean of BRISTOL (Dr. Elliott) said that he did not
quite go with the Prolocutor,in his version of the practice of
convocation. the Prolocutor had not observed that there
was a broad distinction between the business brought before
convocation by the crown and the business which the Lower
House attempted to'originate. Convocation had appointed
committees, sad those committees had sat between sessions
when the business they were dealing with was business re-
ferred to them by the crown. But how could there prece-
dents apply in a cue where the Lower House had attempted
ito take the nitiative ? _ _

Dr. Sear contended that the right was clear. The
house had the undoubted right to appoint committees, and
obviously, therefore, those committees had a right to sit.d
While discussion on this point, which was argued with
great minuteness, was proceeding,
A messenger appeared to summon the Prolocutor to the
upper house. The Prolocutor attended accordingly. Oa
'lna retund he informed the house that it was adjourned to
two o'clock, the upper house requiring attendance to Buck-
ingham Palace, where tho address agreed to in November
by both houses was about (at half-past twelve) to be pre
seated to the Queen. _

An' adjournment accordingly took place. On the re
assembling,
The PaoLocrovoa said the house wee now reconstituted,
and would proceed to business.
Business was in consequence about to be proceeded with,
when the Prolocutor was summoned to the upper house.
On his return be informed the house that be had received
a eopy of her Majesty's reply to the address.
This was read, and on the motion of Dr. Wordsworth the
reply was ordered to be entered on the minutes of the
house.

The PitoLootrroft then said—lt will now be in con-
formity with practice to receive any gravamina members
of the house may be ready to represent.
Mr. F. %%NONNI' presented a petition to tho effect that
licensed curates should be privileged to vote at elections of
proctors in the province of Canterbury.
Mr. BROWN presented a petition from tho diocese of
Easter, praying for a revival of tho active powers of Con-
vocation.

Archdeacon Tuonrs presented a petition from the mi-
nister of one of the mist important parishes in liriatol on
the subject of the marriage service. lie represented
the unfair state of the law which compelled him to perform
the marriage service for persons who were not members of
the church, who were members of other churches, or who
were avowed infidels, and who wade no cancealment at
the time of the service of the levity with which they re-
garded it.
The PreoLocuvon said this petition was "to the arch-
bishops and bishops in convocation," and could not be re-
ceived in that house.
A lengthy discussion took place as to whether the peti-
tion could be received.

Archdeacon 1 itonpu contented to make :t 11:s awn, prof-
fering it sa gravamina tram hitnself
The PROLOCUTOR Slid if this we* done he would take np
the petition and present it to the upper h nse.
The Dean of Dittsrut questioned whether the Prolocutor

could do this. He was merely the representative of the
house, and could do nothing without the conseut, :after con-
sideration, of the house. He (Dr. Elliott) morel that the
petition, now an individual representation of graramina,
should be referred to the committee of gravamina et re-
formarida.
Archdeacon THORPE was willing to second that motion.
Dr. WORDSWoRTH entered into an argument, opposing
Dr. Elliott's, with regard to the position and power of the
prolocutor; but he concluded by approving of the motion,
This, it was understood, was eveutually agreed to.
Archdeacon DENisort then asked if there were any orders
of the day, for if not he would be glad to proceed with a
notice of motion with which he was prepared.
Dr. WORDSWORTH said that before they proceeded
further they ought to settle what they were to do in regard
te the committee which they had appointed, but whose pro.
posed sittings his grace hud not yet sanctioned. (Hear.) He
apprehended that with all the precedents in their favour
(which he read), authorising independent action, they had
snide a false step in asking the consent of the archbishop.
(Hear, hear.) In their anxiety not to assume too much,
and to offend none, they had shown an excess of deference,
committed an informal act, and put themselves, their pro-
locutor, and his grace in a false position. (Hear, hear.) In
deference to the archbishop, and in respect to themselves,
and mindful that it was their duty to hand down unim-
paired those prescriptive rights they had inherited, as •
house of convocation, their business now was how best to
repair their error—after all, a very venial one. One course
wee open to them—to direct that the committee should
meet without waiting for any communication with the arch-
bishop; but ho noted not bring his mind to think that
that would under the circumstances be discreet sr fair.
(Hear, hear.) What he proposed was that they should
send up another message to the archbishop, apprising him
that they had looked into ancient prejudices, and found
that they bad made a mistake, and begging to withdraw the
request for his sanction. (Dr. Wordsworth read a draft of
a resolution to that effect.)
Archdeacon GRANT seconded the proposition.
Archdeacon Desisos said that they ought to look closely
at their position before agreeing to a suggestion of that
kind. The committee in question woe a most extraordi-
nary one. It was a committee of gravamina, to which was
referred every. subject that could possibly become matter of
deliberation in Convocation. For such a committee—a
committee which would be a Convocation in, itself—there
was no precedent in the history of Convocation, and no
analogous precedent in the history of parliament. He be-
lieved that the action of such a committee would end in un-
reality ; for a committee could not report on so many subjects
withoutltaking more time than convocation would be content
to wait for.. While such a committee existed, and sat, it
was a bar to the sitting of convocation; for convocation
could not discuss what it had referred to a committee; and
to this committee was referred everything. He was not
responsible for the existence of this committee; he had not
supported it; and he believed everyone would now admit
that they had not known what they were about when they
took such aster). He bad, however, approved of the list of
gravamina on which the committee was based; and he
would now advise that that document should be left to
stead as a protest from the Church of England, and that
they should be content with its answering its declaratory
purpose in that manner; and that now, without reference
to committee, or to the possible permission of the arch-
bishop, they should proceed to the consideration, in convo.
catian, of questions of immediate practical importance.
Should this view be takes by the house, he was prepared
to enter on a statement of a point of consequence, being
one of the points in the referred gravamina.
Mr. Deacon GRANT could not see the policy of the course
recommended by Archdeacon Denison. If they left things
as they were, the world could only come to one conclusion
—that they were very bad men of busineqt. The question
was, how could they extricate themselves from a dilemma?
He thought they could do so best by declaring their error,
and withdrawing their appeal to the archbishop. Arch-
deacon Denison said that the c.immittee had so much before
it that it could report on nothing. But why should it not
take single subjects at a time, and report on them in suc-
cession ? (Hear.) If the committee was directed to have
a report drawn up by the next session, the house might
rely upon it a report would be ready. And if there was no
report, then let the committee be discharged.
An irregular and uninteresting discussion on petty points,
accidentally raised, here took place.
Chancellor MARTIN thought that the best policy was to
wait until they heard from the archbishop. lie therefore
would move, as an amendment, that their application be
respectfully renewed.
Re Mr. COCKS would second such an amendment.

Rev. Mr. J. 11. RANDOLPH Ntrecil in the general views
of Archdeacon Denison, but he thought they ought to con-
sider first of all the suggestion of Dr. Wordsworth—the
question, had they or bad they not taken a false step in
November ? Certain he Yrts opposed to the amendment:
for if they waited, and the archbishop should communicate
a refusal, then they would have committed themselves irre-
deemably, and established a precedent fatal to the lower
house. (Hear, hear.)
Archdeacon Ilmintsox was satisfied that they would do
wrong to take any step in the matter until they had heard
from the archbishop. If none came, then they would be
entitled to conclude that the archbishop perceived they
were in error, declined to assume the responsibility of sanc-
tioning a committee whose recommendations might be un-
popular, and that in that case they were free to go on, ex-
ercising their rights, as though they had never applied to
the president.
After some further conversation,

The Dean of BRISTOL (replying7to some references made
to him) said he had undoubtedly stated at the last session
that there were precedents for committees of that house
sitting between sessions with the sanction of the archbishop.
But he had not said that those committees could or would
have sat if they had not obtained such sanction ; and that
was a very different thing. On the other hand, no com-
mittees had sat, after basing asked and having Leen re-
fused such 'lndian. For himself, he could not accept such
a resolution as that suggested by Dr. Wordsworth. Dr.
Wordsworth had, he (the Dean of Bristol) had, many
others had, made search and inquiry with respect to ancient
precedents in such matters ; but how could it be said that
the house had made such inquiry?
The PROLOCUTOR (in compliance with several calls made
on him) stated his recollection of the origin and character
of the condition agreed to in November, that the committee
should not sit unless its appointment was sanctioned by the
archbishop. Having stated these circumstances, he went
on to say that he was decidedly of opinion that the house
had put itself and the archbishop in a false position—
(hear, hear)—but that it would be extremely undesirable to
proceed with the meetings and business of that special com-
mittee unless the requested sanction was fully conveyed to
them. To repair the mischief they hail done, and to put
the house again in a proper position, they had this resource
—they might declare their opinion on the law and the
right, and, while abandoning that special committee, ap-
point another committee, and direct that committee to sit
without asking any sanction.
Chancellor MARTIN thought that perhaps a better course
would be to appoint a committee to consider and sport on
the law and the practice.
Dr. hi'Caei, was quite content, as having been appointed
to the Gravamina Committee, to wait until they heard from
the archbishop. He, for one, did not at all repent of what
had been done. He did not see that any false step had
been made. He would not serve on the committee if it
did not obtain the primate's sanction ; and, of course, he
would not serve on any side-committee.
Archdeacon SINCLAIR, as another member of the com-
mittee, spoke to the same eifect.
After another irregular and not pertinent discussion,
Dr. WORDSWORTH ridiculed the idea of appointing a new
committee to consider the law. To appoint such a com-
mittee would be to imply a doubt of their right, and that
would be absurd.

Dr. Seas concurred. It would be to appoint a committee
to consider their right to appoint a committee which they
had appointed.
Archdeacon TRORPR—The Prolocutor and some of his
friends might privately go into the matter.
Chancellor MARTIN—A number of gentlemen, members
of the house, might go into the whole question of gravamina,
sad do all that waa required, while not calling themselves
committee. .

Archdeacon Hams addressed the house at some length
on the position of affairs. The purport of his observations
was that they should atop at this point, and clearly ascertain
their right.
The discussion was proceeding, various new proposals,
resolutions, and amendments and suggestions being intro-
duced, when the Prolocutor was summoned to the upper
house. After an absence of half•au•hour he returned, and
said—l have been to the upper house, and have received
the orders of the bishop immediately to prorogue this Hour,
of convocation to the 18th August next. The use of the
word " immediately " does not even permit a conclusion
to the business befora us. The house must prorogue at
once.

The house accordingly at once prorogued ; and it broke
up amid a general murmur of merriment : not a single
word in arrest of the sudden adjournment being said, the
question as to the committee of course remaining quite
%wattled.

GENERAL SCREW STEAM SHIPPING COMPANY.—
Yesterday en extraordinary meeting of the shareholders of
this company took place at the London Tavern, for the elec-
tion of two directors in the room of the two who retired.
R. M. Fox, Esq., M.P., took the chair.—Mr. J. Lyster
O'Beirne, the secretary, read the notice convening the
meeting.—Mr. R. W. Crawford proposed Captain Shuttle-
worth as a fit and suitable person to fill the vacancy. He
had not only the ability to fulfil the duties. but alto the
time to devote to the requirements of the office, which was
an object of importance to the public as well as themselves.
A candidate so suitable to their purposes he hoped would
be elected unanimensly.—Mr. Money Wigram seconded the
nomination.—The Chairman put the resolution, and Captain
Shuttleworth was elected unanimously.—Mr. Pugh pro-
posed Mr. N. B. Acworth as a candidate for the other
vacancy.—Mr. Holt, M.P., seconded the motion, which was
also passed unanimously.—A vote of thanks was then given
to the chairman and directors, and the meeting adjourned.
TAFF VALE RAILWAY.—The half-yearly meeting
of proprietors in this undertaking was held yesterday
(Wednesday), at the White Lion Hotel, Bristol ; W. Coffin,
Esq., chairman of the company, presided. There wee a
numerous attendance. The report stator': "The balance
of accounts enables your directors to declare a dividend.of
41. 10s. oar each orig.nal share of 12 ,
61., payable on the th
of March next, and a dividend in the same proportion on
the quarter and 10/. shares. They have also applia the
usual half-yearly sum of 750/. to the depreciation fund."
The Trport was adopted, and the meeting basing been
made special for the purpose, a series of resolutions was
then pass-d for cmvertiog the shares into capital stock.
A vote of thanks to the chairman terminated the pro-
, c..edings.

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LVDO.Y, THURSDAY, FEBRUARY 17.

Or the millions of her MAJESTY'S subjects who I
!we arrived at years of discretion, there are very
e,,T eta do not know that their interest's are the sub-
of discussion in a great house at Westminster,
tred with persons called their representatives. The
at majority of these not only. have this know-
rge, but take great interest in the proceedings of
at Terminative house. They turn over the leaves
of their ni wepaper eagerly, and scan the debates
wlth a curious desire to discover what is going on.
Erne
ellions of her MAJESTY'S subjects are
Clurehmen as well as Englishmen, and their Church-
ma ship is as indisputable as their nationality. They
mold reseet with indignation the charge of not
iensitively alive to the importance of every-
thing conconed with the Church to which they have
a:irays clung. But strange to say, these men, who
is Englishmen are so deeply interested in the pro-
e„diegs of the representatives of their political
iT.,Te,ts,as Churchmen care not one straw about the
doings of n small number of gentlemen in black, who
cola upon themselves to represent the theological
interests of the Church. A few years ago, indeed,l
net one Churchmen in ten knew of the existence of
Cemocatiuu. Not one in ten thousand, even nogs.w,
m earting at all aboutce between the resuof its meetin
ca her the differen
ko meal l a reality and •
scam. Nevertheless, although few persons know
much about this assembly, and still fewer care
for it, Convocation met yesterday at Westmin-
ster Abbey, and went thereafter with an Address to
the QUEEN. To use the words of a mock-heroic
p.m of the last century—
In the adjacent abbey of renown,
Felt in the western canton of the town,
The synod is convened—his proper place,
Euh trusty member fills with reverend grace.
Immured they sit within the brazen wall,
And teach the Christian Stocks to rise and fall.
They is the layman's faith, intent of thought,
And stamp each doctrine orthodox—by vote.
The Gospel is declared a baseless guide,
And passive crowds believe as they decide.
If the absurdity of "passive crowds" believing as
Comocation decide" struck a writer of the last
emery
.with such force, how much more strongly
Rill a similar absurdity be felt now-a-days, when
the world is so much better exercised in the art of
thinking. If in days long past when it was granted
to but few to be able to follow out long trains of
reasoning, and thousands were willing to pin their
faith upon the assertions of a dogmatist—if even
then, in the times of the great councils of the Church,
it was impossible to produce general convictions,
what must be the case now ?
Nine Bishops who sat by their own right, and a
few Wore clergymen who sat in virtue of some
higgledy-piggledy elections, and represented no-
body:met yesterday to answer this question. As a
pouf of the wonderful fitness of these persons to
settle the form and faith of a great Church, the
extraordinary debate that ensued upon the petition
of the Bishop of Care Tows, and reported in another
put of our columns, may be read to advantage. It
was clear that their Lordships not only knew not,
but were utterly at a lass where to look for,
any principles to guide them in their decisions.
The Archbishop decided that the Bishop of CAPE
Tower had no right to sit in Convocation.
Ths Bishop of SALISBURY conaidered that "it was
foe the Upper House to decide and not for the Arch-
bishop." Tho Bishop of LONDON said that the
Bishop of CAPE. Towx "had his remedy elsewhere.'
The Bishop of OXFORD "thought the law of the
case was entirely different." The Bishop of Was-
elleTeli thought "that the Bishop of Cars Tows
ought to have applied to the Court of Queen's
Bench." Here was an utter chaos of '
opinions. The prelates all differed from of
because they had in fact no common authority to
fall back upon. Church law, in England, except
in cases connected with property, can scarcely
be said to exist. Even the canons which form
the barest skeleton of an ecclesiastical code, are said
to have no authority over laymen. The only eccle-
siastical law is the canon law, which consists of
&metals, Popes' bulls, and so on, established during
the thousand years' usurpation of the Papacy.
Bence, whenever any purely ecclesiastical question
comes to be argued, the disputants are obliged to
fall back upon the Romish canons, and a tissue of
absurdity is woven which does nothing but disturb
the peace of the Church and give occasion for amuse-
sent to the Roman Catholics.

The attempt to restore to Convocation the func-
tions which it once possessed, and so lamentably
abased, failed, therefore, not merely from a reference
to its past misconduct, but from a latent though ge-
neral persuasion that the Church has in these days
outgrown Convocation. The Church is too large, too
free, too active, too full of life, to be imprisoned in
the wooden shoes that are deemed by a few old
women the only correct regulators of its future
The only law that it can submit to is the
press
eglearidown by the great Apostle of the Gentiles
—" the law of liberty." In addition to this, the
people of England distrust those who are put in
authority over them in ecclesiastical matters. They
are anxious to participate in the services of the Church.
They are willing to do all reverence to good and
pious miuisters, but they do not look kindly upon the
measures taken by the heads of the Church to dictate
terms of form, or discipline, or doctrine. They re-
member but too well that to those who held the
highest positions in the establishment attaches the
an of driving JOON WESLEY out of the Church, and
causing a rent which will never be healed. They
rimember that whenever a sign of life has
appeared, it has been stifled, or attempt
has been made to have it stifled, by the
heads of the Church. They think of Wrirr-
FIELD, and NEwros, and SIMEON, and of the
treatment these men received in high quarters. They
remember that no part of the great progress that has
been made by the Church in late years is due to the
exertions of the dignitaries of the Church, but to
those of the despised working clergy. They contrast
the present triumphant attitude assumed by the
Church with its position thirty years ago, and they
know that this is the work of the curates.
High Churchmen remember that when the
Church had lost its popularity, ten bishop-
rics were cut off from the Church of
Ireland, while the bishops looked on. They smile as
they think of the energy with which the same pre-
lates protested against the extinction of one Welsh
see when they found they were backed by a popula-
rity which was no work of their own. Low Church-

men remember that it was no twill of the bishops
that the flood of Puseyism was checked. Both par-
Les are content to trust to their own energies, and
care nothing about Convocation.
This assembly, thus doomed by the utter indiffer-
en:s of tho Church which it absurdly proposes to
"Present, met yesterday to receive its sentence. The
Lower House, true to its old instinct, stormed
tathLlY, and were not to be comforted. But the fiat
as gone forth. Ministers, most wisely, had deter-
should be prorogued, and
his mission. The valiant
listened to the words :
ay, don't kick up a row !
, truth to say, with mutinous
utterance to their despair in no
rushed in a disorderly way from
some say, in their anguish, the
rewarding the door-keeper. Let
more of their evil doings,
of Convocation is laid.

wen made by the Church in late years is due to the
etrorseti; of
he ci,tl.ll:edideigotarir dignitaries ofl the Cl;in4hzoir t
to
rast
the present triumphant attitude assumed by the
Church with its position thirty years ago, and they
know that this is the work of the curates.
High Churchmen remember that when the
Chinch had lost its popularity, ten bishop-
rics were cut off from the Church of
Ireland, while the bishops looked on. They smile as
they think of the energy with which the same ptn-
lates protested against the extinction of one Welsh
ke when they found they were backed by a popula-
rity which was no work of their own. Low Church-
men remember that it was no fault of the bishops
that the flood of Puseyism was checked. Both par-
ties are content to trust to their own energies, and
care nothing about Convocation.
This amembly, thus doomed by the utter indiffer-
en:* or the Church which it absurdly proposes to
represent, met yesterday to receive its sentence. The
Lower House, true to its old instinct, stormed
heartily, and were not to be comforted. But the fiat
has gone forth. Ministers, most wisely, had deter-
mined that the meeting should be prorogued, and
the Archbishop executed his mission. The valiant
theological men-at-arms listened to the words:
begone, brave army, don't kick up a row I
amazement, and, truth to say, with mutinous
Limp. They gave utterance to their despair in no
measured terms, and rushed in a disorderly way from
the house, forgetting, some say, in their anguish, the
caul ceremony of rewarding the door-keeper. Let
to hope we may hear no more of their evil doings,
and that the foolish spirit of Convocation is laid.
Fewest* OPINING OF THE CRYSTAL PALACS-
-1,441 Meld the emassittse conducting the working men's
ee 11"ratutfav wearier the opening of the Crystal Palace
Surlsys met to receive the report of the deputation
Z. Ll,ll Palmerston. Ilie lordship, it was stated, received
.u,rgstre vitt to accustomed kindness, and having lie-
a rat wisely to their representations, excused himself
imiae mit *due on the subject, bat expressed the
P LranLe vouLl (edit prment:ng their petition to the house
laittomiveri •;) sire th; mattes his beet consideration.