The Express.
London, England, 1848-11-14 00:00:00

THE EXPRESS. TUESDAY EVENING. NOVEMBER 14. 1848.

Wiesen' of the republic, adopt !ha candideeehip of
Genera Cavaignac, and they decided to publish their
determination in the departments.
The Committee of Public Works on Saturday came
to a resolution in favour of the bill for the prolonga-
tion of the railroad of the Centre on the right bank of
the Loin me far as Nevere, and the wilioif the oon-
cession to the same company of the from Bea
d'Allier to Never&
We read in the Sentinelle de Make : " The Came-
loon, which hes arrived from Tunis, is said to bring
bad news from that regency. It appears that serious
differences have arisen between the Bey and our re-
presentative, and even been carried to a point likely
to compromise the good understanding between the
two countries.°
Another detachment of coloeste loft Paris yester-
day for
The I2eLia.maile have not arrived in Pavia this
morning.

We have dates from Madrid to the 7th. Themoney
market is much excited by the suspension of payments
of the house of Francois &vier Albert, one of the
principal bankers of Madrid. The debts are said to
amount to a considerable sum ; the assets consist prin-
cipally of securities which, in the present crisis, are
difficult of realisation. Other failures are expected
in connexion with this.
The Prince of Caput has left, it is said for Malta.
Privets letters, of the above date, state that Osbrera
was in negociation with O n. Cordova to make his
submission to the government. The Chevalier Rey-
mand, Chargé d'Affaires of Austria, had presented
his credentials.
MAIMIN Nor. 7. Three per Cage. 191 am; attar nalssos 7-10
cub. Are per CARL, ft paper ; alter Bohm. 91 1 emit. Paulus,
31 paper; after Bolos, 31 rub. Ootaphr, 3 ace. Bask of N. Penh-
, easel, 40 pub; 41 paper. Ilaahrupe on Loeb" 90 dam 48 30 paper.

diem. This sum of 16 krentsrre will be granted if
the oommittee are unable to provide fell work.
The German papers have mentioned the bombard-
ment of Lemberg, the capital of Galicia, without
giving say nom for lash a step. It seemed at first
to rest solely on roma& the Breslau Gazette, how-
ever, lays, in a letter from Cracow of the 4th inst.,
that on the let a quarrel comment)* d between some
national guards and the troope. The latter were con-
signed to their barrack& The national guards, how-
ever, took up arms, and barricades were raised, and a
general fight ensued, and then the troops began to
ere cannon. The university and part of the quarters
round it were set in flames. According to latest
accounts, dated the 3rd, the town was declared in a
state of siege.
The following is from our own eorres______po oduut

- -
VIENNA, Nov. 8.
During my journey hem Breeden yesterday I ucer-
tained that on the previous day there had been several skir-
mishes between the imperial end the Hungarian troops not
far from the village of dding. From that place to Florio
doff (the next station to this city) strong detachments of Int-
prial troops were posted in several advantageous positions ;
patrols were seen moving about in various direr ions, and
trains full of 'oldies, frequently passed us. o.ie of the chief
employa on the railway informed me that the Hungarians
were 18,000 strong on the Hungarian frontiers, in the neigh.
bourhood of Chiding. The military in one or the trains (rum
Vienna, as they slowly passed us near the Wagratn station,
began hooting the passengers in our [mist, without, so far is
I could ascertain, any offence having been given to them.
The majority of Ai troops we met with yesterday were
Bohemians end Oallicians—the latter net Polish.
On striving at the station next to Florisdorf, we were
called upon by the military to show our pusports, and two
or three plungers who had none were then and there de-
tained. On reaching Florisdorf last night (the train was due
about 8 in the morning), we ascertained that passes to enter
the suburbs and city were no longer required, but that on
entering the gates of the former we should be obliged to give
up our pompons, and get in exchange • printed receipt,
which w old hold good for 24 hours; after that time, to be
replaced by a card of residence issued by the police au-
thorities.
On account of the late &privet of the train, the *droschkes
and other conveyances were truly "few and far between; "
so that nearly ell the passengers sore obliged to proceed on
foot to the capita, (about three.quarten of an hour's good
walk), leaving their luggsgs to the porters. Twice durum
that compulsory walk our passports were demanded by the
soldiers before the guardhouses—probably through motives
of curiosity, for it appears they bad no right to ask for them.
They behaved, however, very civilly. It should have been
stated before that in consequence of the railway bridge (over
au arm of the Danube) having been partly destroyed by fire
the trains cannot prxeed any further than It'lneisdori.
Troops were posted on various points between the cilium of
Florisdorf and Tabor and between the latter d the "lines"
the two bridges leading to them being under repair, an they
had been partly taken up during the insurrection.
On arriving at the gate leading to the suburb Leopold.
stadt we gave up our passports and got the receipt alluded
I to. n a few 'monde we were in the Tabor Shame, nearly
every house in which still bears marks of an obstinate con-
flict; scarcely an entire pane of glass wee to be seen, and
the walls of the houses on each aide were defaced by ball
cartridge. One house, a corner one, was burned nearly to
the ground, end the loosened note of the parment in
various parts served to show where the barricades bad been
stetted. Vienna, we found, is extremely fall of people at
present ; all the hotels are crowded with civilians and mili-
tary, the latter being billeted on the Jutish tants.
This day I have visited the principal scenes of the emir ct.
Taming down the noble Prater Strum (in the Leopoldstadt)
I found that every house presented the same marks with the
dwellings in the Tabor Strum Even the Turkish embassy
had not escaped, the windows in the upper story being
destrojed, and the lower part of the mansion bearing marks
hare and there of bell cartridge. The Carle Theatre was

only slightly injured. SWISS eight or ton barricades were
erected in the above street. As I proceeded further down,
the houses on each side were more seriously injured, many
having their fronts completely shattered, or their roof.. come
pietety destroyed. But it is towards the end of the street,
on the " Prater " side, that the greatest destruction of pro. '
petty occurred. At that point several noble houses—which
most have been tenanted by wealthy individuals—are
gutted throughout, only the bare walls having been left
standing. Right and left of that end of the Prater houses,
and all up the Jigerseil (a broad street to the
right of the Prater Strome) some seven or eight houses
have shared the same tate, being burned almost to
the ground. Towards the bri.lpte end of the idterzeil,
and opposite three houses which were consumed by fire,
stand the bare walls of the immune sugar factory of Zinder
and Co. ; and to the left of the Jagerzeil lOU the so-calleu
BchiPtel, opposite a branch of the Danube), the still smoking
ruins of another large sugar factory (that of Mn k and Co.).
Both were set fire to by the Croatian troops, who also de.
stroyed by fire the wi ll.known "tes-gardena," the " Bath-
house," and four splendid and newly-built houses. The loss
of property in this quarter mast be frightful. In the Bath.
house the Croatians (who are raised " the red cloaks")
killed the landlord, landlady, and two or three other persons.
Passing over the Fringensbruck (suspension bridge), which
is uninjured (but which war barricaded at both ends), I came
opp nit. the "Mood Shepherd" Inn, where Windiseligratz
paned a night during the cantut. Its roof had received so
much damage that it is found necewary to remove it
altogether. A portion of the building was also set
on fire. It should have been stated fief me that
the large steam-mills below the sugar factory of Mack and Co.
stand uninjured ; the report that they mho had been de-
stroyed being incorrect. Several hotnes:in the Hauptstranse,
lin which the" (food Shepherd" is situated, are much injured
by shots, and in one large establishment (a 'laughter house),
both artillery and fire have committed sod havoc. The
commercial depot to the left of the Sauptstruse is un-
injured.
We now enter the city proper through the " Red Tower"
gate, behind which a large barricade was erected. The ram-
parts near that gate are defaced in many parts, and the
houses in the beginning of the Rothenthurm Strum and up a
portion of the fish market are riddled with shed. From the
gate end of the Rothenthunn Strew to the palace, there are
very few marks of any contest; at that vast edifice, how-
ever (the Hofburg), there are many signs of the work of
deetruction. The roof of the royal library is destruei by
fire, and the molten lead is lying on the square beneath.
That portion of the palsos which Is devoted to the cabinet of
natural history is also much injured. AB the contents of those
two parte of the palace are quite safe. In other parts of the
palace only a few windows have been destroyed, except in
the (node opposite the Burgthor (palate gate), which is
much defaced by the cannon shot which was fired from the
royal stables on the insurgents. The gate itself—a beautiful
work of art—pruents a sad spectacle, being battered in
numerous places externally and internally. One of its
strong wooden gates is entirely smashed in. All the win
are strongly guarded. Troops are bivouacking in all the
squares, and carry on their °puking in public, all eating, too,
out of the same soup and meat kettle. They allow civilians
to approach them, and appear to conduct themselves with
civility and forbearance. In the city proper, also, the
Camthner-straiee, in that part which is opposite the gate of
that name (the Carinthian gate) bears many marks of the
combat; u likewise does the street leading from that gate to
the Augustinian church, the roof and tower of which are
much injured.
As the post leaves at an inconveniently early hour, I was
unable to visit this day the other scenes of the conflict. To-
morrow I shall complete my round and add some correct
details respect ng the contest, gathered from quarters on
which the strictest reliance may be placed.
The capital is still, of coarse, in a state of siege; but the
interemne between the suburbs and the city proper, is now
free from five a.m. till sues p.m., at which time the gate*
are closed.
Proclamations were issued this day ursine the inhabitants
to make strict searches in their premises after concealed
powder; and declaring that not one third of the weapons in
possession of the insurgents have been given up to the
authorities.
FRANKFORT.—In the sitting of the Assembly on
the 9th inst., M. Wemendonck wished to know what
steps had been taken by the ministers of the empire
respecting the deputies of the Frankfort Assembly at
Vienna, some of whom, as stated above, hare been
arrested. M. Mold answered that tho ministry had
written to the Austrian government to inform it that
the arrest of members of that assembly could not be
made without that body's consent.
BAVARIA.—We have dates from Munich to
Nov. 7. The last sitting of the combined committee
formed from the two houses had been held, having
terminated the investigations of the various projects
of law proposed by the government. Count Von
Reigersberg, who, as senior of the two committees,
had usually taken the president's chair at the com-
bined sittings, closed this last sitting with a few ap-
propriate words.

A NARRATIVE OF THE AUSTRIAN
COUNTER-REVOLUTION.
Oar correspondent et Vienna furnishes us with the
following narrative of the late events there. His letter is
dated the 4th inst.
In order to come tea right judgment of the late events at
Vienna, it Is necessary to remember the treacherous con-
duct held by the Minister of War towards the Diet. on the
subiect of theliostilities between the Croats and the Hui:-
warm The Czech party bad at that time the majority in
the Diet; it had coalesced with tho ministry to obtain that
result : end considering the victories of the Croats in the
light of triumphs of the Sclavonian idea, they prevented
the Diet from entering into en examination of the acts of
the ministry, and thereby precluded the possibility of
legally stepping the succours which were secretly sent to the
Croats. Proof upon proof of the treachery of Latour, how-
ever, were ultimately published, which led to the cur :victim
that the mini.try of war was wasting German money end
German blood in a war in which Germany had no interest,
end which could in no way contribute to its wehere and

happineu.
liVher Jellachich saw that he had not sufficient regular
troops to subdue the Hungarians, he came in peison to
Vienna, euyped on the 4th of October with the Emir, vie, at
flubewbrunn, and there it was agreed that more r,giments
should be sent to his assistance. On the stl, O. t. twe regi-
ments et Italians vary reluctantly left Vienna for Hungary
to join Jellachich. On the 6th a regiment of O. runts WIO
to f dlow the Italians bat the indignation of the German
Austrians burst out. It was clear that the minister of war
had m►de pme of them, when he declared that he had no

emusezion with JelWhich, and it was evident he had
given the marching ode( to the troops himself; fee if
the Emperor had done so, the order mu.: have been coun-
tersigned by the 11:0111114r of war. If the latter had
told the truth when he pretended not to support the Cream,
he mould not have countersigned the order of the Emperor,
bet would have tendered hen resignation.
When on the morning of the 6th Oat. the German regi-
ment was ordered to march some of the soldiers refused to
obey. Forced out of their barracks, they marched to the
railway station. On their way they found a part of the
academic legion and some labourers ready to assist them,
who joined them, and destroyed some of the rails on the
road which the soldiers were to take. To bring the disobe-
dient soldiers to obedience • Polish regiment was sent for,
which fired upon the students and labourers. This
was the signal for the fight. The people got
the upper hand ; a hundred and fifty student.
only supported by a few national guards and labourers,
fought attains, three battalions of military. Oen. Bredi and
one colonel were killed, four cannons were seized, of which
two were thrown into the water, because, at the moment,
the people could not use them for want of ammunition, and
the other two were brought in triumph to the city. The
alum was now beaten, the national guards assembled, the
gates were closed. barricades were thrown up ; and whilst a
part of the military took refuge in the arsenal others took up
positions in different streets and fired upon the people,
in 'pits of the urgent entreaties of a deputation of
the Diet. The combat was fierce, the fury of the
people great, and the minister of war felt its first
breath. They saw in him the canoe of bloodshed. A
body of the most enraged of them attacked the hotel of
the min;stry or war, in the court of which also some mili-
tary were posted. It was only then that Count Latour gave
orders to the troops to ee+se firing, but it was too late ! The
fury of the people was beyond control ; in vain some of the
most popular members of the chamber attempted to protect
the life os the roiniver—he was kill d, it is said, by a Hun-
garian, whom father some time previous had been cut to
pieces and routed by the Croats!
The criminal acts of a few individuals, urged on by mu-
tires of personal hatred, will often give a character to a
whole population which it really des not deserve. Count
Latour reaped as he had sown : but still the better class of
people look at the deed with horror, as every one must, and
feel that it has stained the general movement.
The troops now retired from the city, with the exception
of a few which remained in the arsenal and continued firing.
These were besieged by the national guards during the night.
Many lives were lost on both side* and many wounded were
brought to the hospitals. It is Calculated that out of 200
killed, 150 tell before the arsenal. The Diet assembled. but
it was found that the Czech deputies had tied. They might
tare remained, for no other violence was p, rpetrated except
the death of Latour, and these who fled were oily driven
away by their own conscience. On the morning of the 7th
October the arsenal surrendered, after the Diet had pus.
ranteed the liberty of General Frank, who commanded it,
and those of the brave men who defended it.
It is trite that immediately after the surrender of the
arsenal some arms were taken away by the mob.
This was, however, the only disorder that took place ;
no shops were robbed, and the poorest labourer
paid for the refreshment which he obtained.
Count Auenperg, commander-in-chief of the garrison of
Vienna and of Lower Austria, instead of consigning his
troops to the barracks took up his quarters in the palace
of Prince fichwarzenberg, situated in the suburb Landstrasse,
surrounded with a ditch, and forming a .tronghold for the
military. Though this movement caused displeasure and
mussiness amongst the citizens and drove them to take mili-
tary precautions
_order was quite restored throughout
the capital, everybody resumed his business, the shops were
re-ope,eed,and the whole town looked as tranquil and orderly
as if nothing unusual had happened. The only complaints
made were chiefly against some ficlavonian soldh rs, who
behaved very brutally towards some citizens , and even mur-
dered others, who accidentally came in the neighbourhood

of their quarters.
The Emperor had left Sthinbrunn in the night of the 6th;
the public took no notice of it. Ilia flight wax considered of
importance only in so far as it was a freak proof of the exist-
ing influence of the cantering. Meanwhile Jellachich was in
Hungary, expecting the reinforcement of German troops. At
Valencee he had concluded n armistice with the Hungarians;
but, contrary to the right of war, had profited by
it to retreat to Raab, exposing by this his left
wing, which was consequently afterwards partly de •
feated, partly taken prisoner by the Hunk risme. Avoid-
ing any more contact with the Hungarians, Jellachich
retired nearer to the Austrian frontier, which he at last
crossed near Bruck, on the Bth. This caused renewed ex-
citement in Vienna. The Diet directly sent a deputation to
the Emperor of Austria, requesting him to order the army
of the Ban of Croatia to be disarmed, so long as it remained
on Atirrian territory. The Austrians never would deny an
opus° to a fugitive, but they must at the same time insist
upon Ruch laying down their arms as long as they enjoyed
protection. Neverthelm, the Ban proceeded towards
Vienna without giving any explanation of his movements.
The consequence was, that on the 10th of October, an alarm
was beaten in the capital, the national guards assembled,and

the gates of the city iwere'shut.
The position of Count Auersperg was also a very menacing
one, and though he enured the citizens that he never would
act in a hostile manner, they considered it necessary to
he on their guard, having one menacing army outside the
walls of them town, and another one inside in one of the
suburbs, and not knowing what wt re the real intentions of
either. Although the commander-in-chief Count Auersperg
pretended that he would not attack the town in any
way, sing'e soldiers continued to behave very hostilely,
firing upon students and national guards, and murdering
some whose Indies were afterwards found. However great
the excitement, the best order reigned throughout the
town, and, if many shops were closed, it was not from fear,
but from want of customers. The soldiers of Count Auen-
perg got their proriaions from the city, and their wounded
acre carefully attended in the hospitals. If Count Auers-
perg had consigned his troops to banana, there would have
been no ill-feeling( towards them. Up to this time the
count had pretended to have no connexion with Jellachicb,
but in the night of the 11'h October, he left his position in
Prince Schwanenberg'a garden, writing to the Diet that it
was rumoured that a Hungarian army had crossed the Aus-
trian frontier, and that he was induced to put :himself in a
position to oppose them. From this time, however, Count
Auersperg and Jellachich operated together. Jellachieh
had been asked by the Diet : By whose orders he remained,
i and what were his intentions' To this he answered : " That
the motives of his being there were those of a servant of the
state and of a soldier. As a servant of the state it was his
duty to oppose anarchy; as a soldier, his way was trend by
the thunder of cannon. Ilia intention was to support the
monarchy upon the basis of the equal rights of
all nations. lie wanted provisions for bar troops, and
would give receira for what they had. They were encamp-
ing, anti, therefore, not chargeable to anybody. He was not
=ftiby the Hungarians. On Austrian territory be
saes but imperial troops, and in case of being attacked
be should oppose force to force." This very indefinite answer
was not at all satisfactory to the population of Vienna, and
the excitement became the greater when two deputa-
tions which were sent to the Emperor were not admitted to
an audience.
Now, of course, Vienna was obliged to arm every-
body, for her own defence, for the defence of liberty,
and the German nationality ! The Diet met every
day, and though many of the members had left
their places, a competent number was generally present.
The Communal Council also mot every day ; both bodies
were highly respected and their orders obeyed. Both, how-
ever, lost all their time in endeavouring to attain peace
without bloodshed; both sent deputations to the Emperor
imploring him to order the troops to retire, because this
alone could tranquillise the population of the metropolis. His
hiajesty,however,was prepossessed with the idea that anarchy
reigned inVienna, whilst the moetperfect orderprevailed there.
German newspapers filled with lies, more especially the
Angsburger Aligemeine Zeitung and the Frankfort 0. P.
Zeitsing, repeated the story of anarchy which those cowards
who had lett the capital had spend. The death of Latour
was the criminal deed upon which all accusations were
founded; it was a criminal act no doubt, but it would be ten
times mote criminal to make the whole of the population of
the metropolis atone for it.
The manner in which the deputations of Vienna were re.
ceived at the imperial court in Olmine caused great
discontent.
On the 13th of October 1:: hundred sharpshooters from
Styria cams to Vienna, as also thirty-six students, and
two professors from Salzburg. It was not sufficient,
however, that the two armies of Jellachich and Auersperg
should be assembled before Vienna, but rumours came that
the troops of the well-known Prince Windiacbgrits, the
bombarder of Prague, were setting out for the metropolis.
The town was now, of course, obi ged to be more busy in
proteedes itself against the military, who really had no
prenatal°, besieging Vienna. there being no anarchy to sup-
, prem. mad neither the Diet, the highest lenslative body, nor
the gommunal council having desired them to come.
Two gentlemen having failed to obtain the confidence or
do snood corps in the metropolis on the 12th of October,
IL Iffiemenbauser had been Dazed combiner cf the town.
Ha ass eed very active and clever. Or the 11th, General
Be., well known since the Polish revolution, arrived at
Timm to take the command in chief. The Hungarians had
mot a ohmage to the Diet to express their thinks to the
Serof Vienna for their interference, which had caused
actich to leave Hungary. They at the same time
declared that they were determined to follow the
Ban wherever they should find him, and that they only
strengthened their army to attack and detest him. At that
time the greatest enthusiasm prevailed at Vienna. There
were about 50,000 national guards ; 3,000 nation:veal legion ;
35,000 garde. mobiles ; 1,500 corps &elite ; 3,000 from
Styria, Linz, Brune, dm.; and 5,000 not scrolled at all,
but well armed ; besides a pule of about 150 cannons ready,
while a hundred more of the heaviest calibre only waited to
be provided with frames. With such means, and a friendly
army of Hungarians in the rear of the enemy, any man of
real military capacity would have horn able, not only to de-
fend the town, butte drive away the Croatians on the one hand,
and check the corps of Auereperg and Windiechgrats on
the other. The latter had encamped in the htarchfeld.
All the authorities, the commander himself not excepted,
we re of opinion that there was co serious attack intended
upon Vienna, and trusted to the negotiations for peace,
which did not advance at all, the emperor declaring con-
tinually that he wanted not to interfere with constitution
rights, but only to have order re-established. Now order bad
not been disturbed for a moment after the military had left
the city, but there was, besides the deputies who had fled, a
large party of public officers who bad left the town, who hid
the greatest interest in spreading rumours of disorder. Un-
der-rasing the influence of those individuals, and the inclina-
tion of the court to believe them,—inclination very natural,
as the court wanted an excuse tor having carried off the
Emperor,—the Diet, the magistrates, and the coalman ter of
the town, lost the best time for preparing for war in expect-
ing the results of the deputations for prate. The coin.
wander more particularly,instead of getting gunpowder made

mad exercising (drilling) his new army, wrote day after day
such a lot of proclamations that our largest newspapers had
half of their columns filled with them. Thus, at the very
moment when the att•horities of Vienna Mused to tall the Hunguriatts—when we sent victuals and money to the army
as regularly as ever—ths Emperor gars full power to Prince
Windiachgri.: to do any,bing he might consider neeenary ;
end Windischirriite. Jellaebieh, and Auarsperg began to
blockade Vienna. They seized all the supplies of provisions,
and not only interrupted the course of post, but alas opened
letters.

When the whole town was surrounded, the Emmet
and his minister Wessenberg gave their signature,
at Olmiits, on the 16th of oi:toter, to a proms
motion doled with false arguments oc the state et
Vienna, with menaces as bloody as Nero might have die.
toted. aid with the announcement of the imperial will to
regulate the press, the eight of association, and the arms.
mint earths people—freecoms, and rights, whom integrity had
been loudly proclaimed a few months before. The members
of the National Assembly who had fled, though they little
sympathised with the men of Vienna, and though they eon.
aidered the suppression of Vienna necessary for Selavonian
nationality's mike, now saw that the court patty were follow.
hag a course as daegerous to the Schmenians as to the Ger.
mans. They ruceeded in getting the first print of the
proclamation, and obtained the Emperor's permiuion to
stop its publication. They then got his signature to aa.
other manifesto more peaceable in its language, dated the
19th of October, and which was sent to Vienna. It is
strange enough, and a proof of the want of honesty in cern
tabs quarters, that the first publication was sent through the
whole country, and more especially distribute 1 amongst the
army, while the proclamation of the 19th wee still totally
unknown • few days ego wherever the last deputations of
Vienna had oecrion to inquire.
The united armies of Wiudischgriitz, Jellitehich, and
Anersperg amounttl to 75,090 men, and they hal a liege
park of more than 200 cannons and mortars. Hostilities
commenced. The Linien of Vienna, • small wall
surrounding the whole town, with its suburbs, Fent
bowie and Sechshause excepted, were occupied with can-
non by por ions of the Viennese army, ceiling itself
" the parliament's army." They Seed npou the imp:rial
troops whenever they approached. The national guards of
Fiinfhause and Sechshause, suburbs near Scbdobrune,
and not inclosed in the '• Linien," were summoned by Jells,
chich to give up their arms. They rep.ied that he might
fetch them ; and, when he sent some cannons to (ores then,
they took them. Threatened lay a larger force, they retired
into the " Linien." From Styria, Brum, ant Lim, national
guards and volunteers arrived in spite of the besieging army.
Wherever the plrliantent's army came in conflict with the
imperial troops the latter had to retire, and lest many people
by fighting as well as by desertion, the more en es all those
who wanted pay got 25 kreutzer (10 pence) a day, besides
wine and bread, trom the town, while the military has only
6 kreutzer (2 pence).
To stop d !anion the enemy one day sent a company of
Grenadiers, who were to pretend, by signals, that they were
deserters, and arriving at one of the gates of the Lain.
murdered the few men who admuur:d to receive them with
open arms. From that time none but single deserters were
admitted. There is good reason to believe that the Omura
troopsmoetunwillingly fought againet Vienna and were wisely
sent to the rear guard. Up to this time the Diet had proceeded
so as to be approved by the Emperor himself. The Committal
Council was is fact, the only authority which had • moral
right to make war or peace ; but as their power wee
merely an administrative one, and not political, they were
obliged to be extremely cautious not to meddle with thief,
out of their attributions, and in feet no revolutionary go-
vernment having been established, things went on without any
government at all; public order was kept up by the ordi-
nary means and by the good spirit of the whole population,
Only one theft (of bread) was committed. No cents!
authority exiating, however, sufficient energy erss
not displayed in the necessary measures. The cam.
mender of the town wee, curiously enough, nominated
. .

by the ministry, of which only the tinnister-offinanets
Krauss) was presee, while the commander of the imperial
army was also nominated by the same ministry, of which
also one member only (bl. Weasenberg) wee at Ohniits, the
other ministers having resigned.
To the great number of authorities who were busy foe
peace was added another. MM Welcker and Mosle came
from Frankfort, as commiesarit s of the German empire, to
arrange matters. They. had been but a few boors at Vienna,
without seeing the minister, or the parliament, or the com-
munal council, making no inquiries, when they set oat for
Ohnuiz, leaving a letter dated from Passau, and pretending
not to have been in the capital at all ; but promising to do
all in their power for the protection of German nationality,
and admonishing the people to keep quiet. It appears there was
little in their power, for nothing was heard of them. They
did nothing but make themselves and the Frankfort mem-
ment ridiculeue and increased the vain hopes of peaceable
arrangements which were ouch an impediment to measures
of defence.
On the 22nd the Diet declared illegal the powers of Win-
dischgratz, who had declared the city to be in a state of
siege, an act which he had no right to do without the per-
liament's consent. Windischgrietz answered by a main-
festo in which he laid down the conditions, without
the fulfilment of which he should begin hostilities.
They were not fulfilled, and firing bi Rao, and though
every night, by the rockets of WindischgrUtz, from meaty
to thirty conflagration, took place, the communal council
did not cease treating for peace. They asked the prince to
explain his extraordinary demand of those individuals whom
he wanted to be delivered, and he named three,— Gen,
Bern, whom he called a foreign emissary ; Pulzky, the
Hungarian secretary of state, whom he accused of having
distributed money to cause the last revolution ; &butte, a
young man whom he pretended to consider as an agitator,
while he is considered here as an agent of the court party.
The second demaw Is of Wi tdischgritz, in spite of these ex-
planations, were not complied wish, and the Diet once
more deemed all his doings illegal. The Emperor pro-
rogued th. Diet to the 15th of November, when they were to
meet in Kremsier, a small town in Moravia. To this the
Diet declared that they would continue to meet in Vienna
until they had given a constitution to Austria. Prince
Windiechgratz received these communications, called the
parliament a rebellious one, and continued firing upon the
suburbs. One of them, the Landstruse, inhabited by
people of some property but no patriotism, opened their part
of the town on the 27th. The customhouse, situate in that
suburb, was filled with values to the amount of 30 millions,
and there is little doubt that the merchants had set their
money to work to get the said depot out of the chances of
battle. By the pessession of the Landstrasse the military
were enabled to fall upoa the flank of the defenders of the
suburb Leopoldstadt, which had been continually attacked
from the 25th, and which was obliged to surrender
on the 29th, after a dreadful lost of lives on both sides.
All other attacks upon the thirty-four suburbs of
Vienna were unsuccessful, and probably tie town might
have resisted for weeks longer, as the city was out of the
reach of the cannons and mortars of the enemy, had it not
been that on the 29th the commander of the town, Hessen-
hauser, declared that there was ammunition enough only for
a defence of four hours. It was needless to grumble about
his negligence not to have ordered gunpowder to be made a
fortnight before. Nothing now remained to be done
but to try Windischgri'z for better conditions. That
officer seemed extremely well informed of everything
that passed in the city. The commander of the
town as we'l as the common council seemed to be
fanatic of publicity ; they published everything to discou-
rage. the combatants, and at Last got a vote for peace by de-
creeing that every company should send a man of confidence
to declare for war or peace, but that every company not
sending a member would be considered as voting for peace.
The companies of Leopoldstadt and Landstrime having al-
ready surrendered, others fighting in the other suburbs,
and not getting the invitation, none but peaceloving
city companies voted, which they did of course for
peace. Peace was thus voted, officen were ant
to Windischgratz, who graciously replied that he
was charmed to see them ready to return to order, that it
was painful to him to have the suburbs set on fire, and to cut
the throats of so many people, that he could give no other
conditions than thine he had mentioned before, and that trey
should come again on the 30th to settle how the disarmament
was to take piece.
On the 30th,while the deputation was with Windischgraie
the Hungarians were seen from the tower of St. St..phen's, in
the metropolis, attacking the besieging army. New hopes
filled all hearts, ammunition was as if by magic found for a
week's fighting, the alarm-belt were rung, rockets were
fired from the tower informing the Hungarians that they
were just in time, and nobody was inclined to capitulate ; the
suburbs not having voted with M. Messenhauser, and not
being for peace, began to fire again, and it war generally be-
lieved that Windischgrite and company would be seen taking
to flight. In the eveniag, however, Vienna was informed
that the besieging army had beaten the Hungarians.
Everybody was now called upon te disarm, as white ban-
ners were waving from the towers and game ; but when a
part of the military arrived before the gates of the city they
took up a threatening position, before that of the imperial
palace and at other parts, a few gunshots were fired from
the Leopoldstadt. All this caused the mobile garde and a
part of the students to take up arms again ; they pulled
down the white banner and fired against the military, who,
in consequence of those hostilities, sent from 1,500 to 2,000
shells and grenades into the city, and still kept firing when
everybody had left the ramparts. At lot the soldiers, as
well as civilians, besieger' anti bniged, joined in the en-
deavour to extinguish the flames. This was the last scene of
a war, which cost about 4,000 lives, and several thousands
wounded, and of which the motive is scarcely to be ex-
plained, tithe proclamations of the Emperor speak the troth,
in assuring that none of the constitutional rights shall be
taken away.
It is not 'mown how far those assurances will be fulfilled.
At this moment we hate, no freedom and no rights; no
newspapers are allowed to appear. Windiscbgratz is the mas-
ter of all. He has proclaimed but one right, and that is
martial law.
The troops have entered the city and suburbs. The
Croat', the most dmonlerly samples of military extant, at-
tired in all kinds of cloth lag, are committing robberies more
particularly in the suburbs, where they are not controlled by
the severe command of their officers, and where they have
murdered several women and children. In the Leopoldatadt
they have killed two re Tonal guards who were bundle., is
wards before the house of the Turkish consul, and afterwards
robbed the house, and it is said that they also robbed the
hotel of the Turkish ambassador. In the city Croats sad
other ',Mien have cantured students and other people, sal
shootthose 'who wear white hate or German hats. The
military have pulled down the German colours wherever
they found them, and the officers declare that they went to
have a strong Austeian monarchy, without any community
with Germany, and without any separate cmstitution for
Hungary or Italy.
On the let of November a manifesto was published, in
which Prince Windischgratz declaim that the convention
having been broken, the authorities of Vienna have to sub-
mit to the military, and that everybedy is subjected to
martial law. General Cordon is nominated commander of