The Express.
London, England, 1849-07-11 00:00:00

THE UNITED STATES.

We yesterday published a summary, received by
electric telegraph, of the news brought by the
Cambria. _ _

The following letter of our New York correspondent
embraces every particular of news from the States re-
ceived by this arrival.
NEW YORK, Jens 27.
One of our most exciting topics Father
now is the mo
mentarily-expected arrival of Father Mathew. A
democratic city corporation, in order to " curry-
favour" with the Irish voters, sent him years ago an
invitation to visit New York, and to become the
guest of the city. That corporation went out of
power, and now that the reverend father is actually
coming, the whigs, taking advantage of the former
movement, ars about to get the advantage of it. Tht y
have thus a plea for the expenditure of the money,
and a good opportunity for conciliating the Irish.
They have taken the finest suits of rooms for his ac
oommodation to be found in New York, and the public
-
wi!

t have to foot the bill. Great preparations are
making to receive him by the temperance societies, and
his presence here may do some good. lam informed
by persons whoknow him well that we shall b 3 dis-
pointed, and that he has nothing uncommon abut
him but his peculiarity in abandoning the
strict line of duty which attaches to a catholic
priest, and his advocacy of a reform irrespective of
the discipline of the church. What coarse of conductl
he will pursue is not yet conjectured, but be will no
doubt take hie cue from the clever and intriguing,
Bishop of New York, who has ambition vast enough
for any enterprise. Meantime, if Father Mathew
can influence his countrymen here to refrain from
drunkenness, and behave decently in the land which
has received them with a kindness far greater than
they merit, he will do us a service for which we shall
be duly grateful.
This topic suggests another kindred one. At the
late provincial council of the catholic bishops at Balti-
more, it was decreed that a general contribution
should he taken up in the United States for the relief
of the Pope. Bishop Hughes has therefore issued his
mandate that the "children of the church of Christ"
should "stand by their reverend and venerated father,"
by making an offering "to console his heart." Peter
pence is therefore to be levied for the "immortal nee
of Peter."
The plains, as we term our vut territory west of the
Mississippi and its tributaries,present at this moment a
most curious spectacle—carious not only, bat grand.
Cooper hu invested the journey of a single tinnily
over the prairie with interest and dignity; but what
shall we say of our Anglo-American Saythians who
are now threading their way in thousands to the land
of gold. After le suing the Kansas, a writer informs
us that he parsed at one time three thousand teams,
that he was never out of sight of the emigrant trains,
and that for miles a long white waving line could be
seen girdling the landscape. A thousand mounted
riflemen in the United States' service added to its
length. Officers at fall gallop rode up and down to
control its movements, like the whippers-in at an
English hunt, anti a strange orderly confusion marked
the scene.
How singular is the American character! What
daring enterprise, what fortitude, what perseverance
mark their progress! At what do they aim?
Nothing seems to daunt their efforts, and they are,
for ever in search of something more than they have.
We are a riddle to ourselves.
The striking increase of the North-western States
is another subject of remark among us and of
lemigrstulations. Let your bondholders read over this
table and see if the, have not good security.
Is 1810. In 1848.
Ohio had
Indiana
Mods
Michigan
Wisconsin 6,383 „ 39,166
lowa

633780 724,847
Here is an increased population of 40 per cent. in
eight yaws, and en increase greater than the total vote
of Virginia, North Carolina, and Louisiana. The actual
population of the six North Western States in 1840
was about 2,200,000, in 1848 4,500,000. This sturdy
body of freemen, who are sparing no pains to improve
their states, support religion, extend education, in-
crease their internal resources and facilities, and
acquire pecuniary independence must convince the
world of nut determination tr maintain freedom in its
most liberal sense, and to be as happy es the condi-
tion of man will permit. No such spectacle can be
witnessed any where else on the face of the globe as
this, no any so consoling to the philanthropist and
Christian.
We have some interesting news from South Caro-
lina and Georgia in relation to their cotton manufac-
tories. In several towns in these states, factories
have been put up which are producing the greatest
quantities of shirting, and sheeting', at prices which
throw the northern manufactories in the shade.
Flouring mills are also being es•abliahed on a large
scale, and are operating with success that asto-
nishes the southern people. Slave and free labour is
used, according to circumstances. There is no telling
what may be the result of this. I should not be sur-
prised if an entire change should take place in the
views of the leading southern states men on certain
questions. If they can have cheap goods, and em-
ploy their slaves profitably, I imagine their abstrac-
tions will take a new form. In my experience of
political consistency I have made this note," that its
texture very much depends on the materials to be
used, and the colours .vary, as all colours vary, ac-
cording to the nature of the surface from which they
are reflected.
I am sorry to say that the cholera is on the in-
crease along our w. stern rivers arid in this city. We
had here yesterday 73 cases and 38 deaths, and I fear
some of my worst predictions are yet to be verithd.
Large numbers of our citizens have gone into the
country for the summer, and many more will follow.
The men of business, whose presence is indispensable
to their encase, remain to take the risk. No method
of treatment has yet been found to master the dis-
order. For the most pert the deaths have occurred
amongst three who are peculiarly exposed to disease;
scarcely a single case of mortality having yet occurred
among the higher classes. Notwithstanding the
alarm which prevails here, the thoughtless
poor continue to drink root beer, eat all
kinds of fruits, and expose themselves to
the extreme heat of the weather. Green peas ap-
o.r to be particular favourites with them, and the
Irishwomen peddle decayed and tough apples, and
sour oraneee, with unmitigated seal. Thus the
mortal coil slips off, end the public burial grounds
receive daily in decades the dead of ignorance.
In polities we have nothing new. The administra-
tion goes on its usual way. Mr. Ciayton takes his
naps as formerly, and there seems nothing to awake
the activity of the cabinet beyond what I have already
stated. Money is easy just now, for the influx of
gold acts with a wonderful power on the market.
F.S. As it is not believed that the government will
send out an expedition to look for Ssr John Franklin,
the rich merchants of Boston propose to do so at their
own expense.

COMMERCIAL AND MARKETS.
Nuw YORK. Jules 27 —Our stoney matket is abundantly
supplied. end the pries of Mode are high. The demand for EOM.
peen bills la not large by thi. meat, and nesters rather reserving
thernielves for the peetet of the second week in July, give • 4-
derable amount of dividends to be remitted mop peny
better demand at hitt rates. Bill. on Lend= rale tram el to 9).
U. S. sixes of MT bring ill; do. do. Treasury setae.
A loan of
about one million and three quarters dollars wee negoeiated
by the state of New York, last wet, pi a alz pa oat.