The Express.
London, England, 1847-09-30 00:00:00

AMERICA AND MEXICO.

To the important intelligenoe from America and
Mexico, which appeared Mint evening's Express, we
append some furt particulars.
A letter from Petersburg, Sept. 13, says:
By the steamer Telegraph, at New Orleans, we ham
accounts from the Brazes to the 1 instant. General Taylor
has hatted orders from government withdrawing all the
troops from his column that can safely be spared.
The Ohio and Indiana regiments, under General Lane, left
on the 13th, and the Massachusetts regiment, under Cusniel,
was ordered to Brazos Island, there to embark immediately
for Vera Cruz. Dean's battery will accompany General
Cashing. Hays's Texan Rangers embark for the same desti-
nation. General Taylor will then have remaining, between
Bruns and Buena Vista, 5,568 men.
A letter from Ceralvo mentions the safety of Taylor end
his detachment, which it was supposed had been cot elf.
Their escape was miraculous; thirty were attacked and
captured by Mexicans near Ceralvo, bat were retaken.
Several deaths from yellow fever had occurred at Bruce
Captain Fairfax, of the Virginia Regiment, died at Saltine
at the 14th.
The interments in New Orleans from yellow fever
during forty-eight hours ending 6th hurt., were 123;
deaths at Charity Hospital, 41.
A letter from Vera Cruz of the 27th of Aug. in the
WashinFton Union states that Major Lally had ar-
rived with his train, after much fighting and offer-
ing, and some loss. At Jalapa he himself was
wounded in the wrist, and by a lance in the temple,
from which we judge there had been some close work.
No reinforcements from Perote had yet reached him,
and the guerWas were still around lum, harrassing Lis
small command terribly. Indeed, a fight took place
in the streets after his arrival, between the American
patrol and a small party of guerillas, resulting as
usual, although the latter was the larger party. Rs
had, however, fortified himself, and was waiting for
reinforcements.
Four manuscript letters in the Spanish language
had been found in the trunk of General Paredes, and
forwarded to the war department at Washingtst
They may possibly shed some light upon the designs
and movements of the Mexican exile.
An express had arrived from Alvarado to Com.
Perry, with information that the guerillas bad at-
tacked that place the night before, and killed a
surgeon and two marines in that town. The steamers
Petrita and Scorpion were immediately despatched to
reinforce those in possession of the place.
News from Chihuahua to the 3rd of July, state that
everything was quiet there.
The persons and property of American citizens
generally were respected, though none were per-
mitted to leave the city except neutrals, who could
bring away their means by paying a duty of 6 per
cent. Governor Armijo, on his way to Albuquerque
to visit his family, was arrested at Chihuahua, and
kept within the limits of that city. He is said to
have expressed great satisfaction at the result of the
battle of Sacramento. No merchandise of any de-
scription was suffered to come into New Mexico by
southern route.
In New Mexico the territorial election was to take
place on the first or second Monday of August.

The commercial news is, as we have already said,
highly important. The following letter announces
tee failure of Messrs. Prime, Ward, and Co. :
New voila, Sept. 9.—Dear Sir,—We regret to inform
you that, oe ing to the recent failure of some of our cot.-
tespondents ia Europe, on whom we have a large amount of
balls remaining, we feel it is incumbent upon us, both as a
ram of duty and as an act of prudence, to suspend payments.
—Very re-p-ctfullyyoure, Pains, WARD, and Co.
The X,. York Herald says, on the subject of the
finances of the government :
/according to the monthly report of the treasury depart-
ment for Atigust, it appears that the amount of money in the
bands of the assistant treasurers and in the different mints,
mss 372,041 ••, .itag compnes the whole arailable e.spi•
tat of the government. The other resources are not so t;n-
-r. available at short notice. It appears
gible, but are, how."2'.".'
by the report of the register of the treaser7' that the whole
amount of treasury notes outstanding on the Ist instant, was
15,808,439 die. 31 c., of this more then 14 millions were of the
Wye auth orised under the act of Jan. 28, 1847, leaving but
about 9 millionsof the amount authorised yet to be issued. The
resources of the government to carry en the war, from this
to the time Congress convenes, are pretty well reduced, and
unless something is done to les‘en the expenditure, there
will be a deficiency before ways and means can be provided
for raising more money. The expenditures of the govern-
ment dunes the past year have been about one million of
dollars per week, and there is every probability of the ex-
pease' continuing at this rate so long as the same policy is
pursued is tarrying on the war which has marked its pro-
gress thus tar. It ie full twelve weeks from this to the meet-
mg of cons, ess, which, with the two weeks elapsed since the
financial r. ports alluded to were made, make a period of
fourteen u, ks, equal to an expenditure of at least fourteen
rail:ions ofd tilers. It is impomible to make an estimate
with say .1, greet of correctness as to the amount of revenue
likely to to received from customs from the Ist of Septem-
ber to the let of December, but we do not anticipate
an income of more than five millions from that
mime. The aggregate resources of the government
from all sources, up to the let of December, with the amount
of funds now on head, will not vary much from eighteen
millions of dollars, and the expenditures, for the same
period, we estimate at fourteen millions. This will leave a
surplus of four million., every cent of which will, without
doubt, be expended before congress gets ready to provide
ways and means to carry on the war.
We are r ipidly running up a mpectable.sized debt. On
the let of I).,cember, 1847, the aggregate amount of the debt
of the ge, ral government will not vary much from sixty
millions of toners, the annual interest of which will amount
to a pretty handsome sum. If our indebtedness was arrested
at that po.t.i, there would be no cause for apprehension, but
we see no .romedisto prospect of any suspension of our extra.
ordinary a soenditures. Millions must be piled upon millions
to almost an unlimited extent ; and it becomes a meter for
serious ceo•ideration, whether we shall not soon be compelled
to submit to a material alteration in our commercial system,
for the po, pose of providing for the payment of the interest
on the item, nee debt we are rapidly creating.
General Kearney had arrived in Washington
from Mis,onri. He reported himself to the President
of the I nited States and to the Department of
War. lie was in good health, and very de-
sirous, ft, •oon as he could-be released from his en-
erts in Washington, to join the army in
tMexico. ('ol. Fremont was expected in a few data.
The W.,,hington packet was to sail on the 23rd
hut for Europe.