The Express.
London, England, 1853-10-07 00:00:00

THE EXPRESS, FRIDAY EVENING, OCTOBER 7, 1853.

has frequently furnished the Erpresa with valu-
able Information:
CONSTANTINOPLE. SIFT. 22.
Events are changing every hour: hitherto, I have
always written "pc e," becauK up to yesterday
every one believed in it; today we are decidedly
" war."

M. Nleyendorff was either deceived as regards the
feelings of the Emperor Nicholas, or else be endea-
voured to blind his fellow diplomatists. M. de
la Cour is altogether disconcerted • he is evidently
surprised at the turn affairs have taken. Yesterday,
a telegraph from Vienna informed us that Russia re-
jected all the modifications of the note. Some say
she only objects to two of them. Still we are wait-
ing to see whether this is to be really war, or merely
a suspension of the solution, leaving a door open for
future negotiations.
The anxiety is general, but fear is unknown. It
is just possible that the face of things stay again
change; but remember the question has been sifted
to the uttermost—it is no longer suspettible of a new
' view, nor can it remain any longer unsettled, either
as regards Turkey or the rest of Europe.
I have always told you that the reason which had
the greatest weight with me as regards peace, was
that I considered that unless the European govern-
ments were really blind, they would never permit a
1 war whose first spark must enkindle the whole con-
, tinent ; but now it is of little avail to reason upon
probabilities, and I shah henceforth furnish you only
with facts, whence you must draw jour own conclu-
sions. By the bye, you must bear in mind that all
news coming from Russian frontiers, via the Augs-
burg Gazette' is doubly tinctured with imperial views,
and must be received cautiously.

Although the position of the two regents of Mol-
davia and Wallachia permits them scarcely a shadow
of independent action, hedged in as they are by
Russian generals, it is interesting to mark their con-
duct towards Turkey under circumstances unusually
trying. M. do la tour has received a report from
the I. tench consul at Jassy, dated the oth Septem-
ber, which contains the Mowing : " His highness
Princo Ghika has received a despatch from the
Turkish minister, in virtue of which the right of re-
maining in his principality is accorded to him, in the
event of his being disposed to maintain his external
relations with the Porte. His highness hereupon
sent a courier to Constantinople, in order to declare
that be (the prince) had never given up those rela-
tions to the Porte, nor refused to pay the tribute.
His highness would, consequently, continue in bis
administration of the principality as long as no
greater hindrances were laid in his way on the part
of Russia than had hitherto been the case; nor had
he been till now interfered with in the performance
of his duty."
The answer received from Prince Stirhey was not
so clear and simple. With respect to his future con-
duct he observed the greatest reserve, nor did he
allude to the payment of the tribute. In order,
however, to resume his relations with the consuls of
France and England, he requested the Prussian
consul to assure them that he would pay the tribute.
Oa the Bth September the English consul paid his
first visit again to the Prince, after the resumption of
diplomatic relations; and on the 9th M. Pougadi did
the same.

The German Journal of Frankfurt makes a start-
ling statement, which nevertheless we cannot regard
as intelligence. Its Warsaw correspondent writes
on the 29th ult. :—" The Emperor of Russia, accom-
panied by the Hereditary Grand Duke, arrived here
yesterday afternoon at two o'clock from Olmutz. At
half-put tour o'clock his Majesty continued his jour-
ney to St. Petersburg." This haste to reach his
capital would look ominous were it well ascertained.
But, besides that on the 29th ult. nothing was
known either at Olmutz or at Warsaw of the pro-
ceedings of the three previous days at Constantinople ;
we know that three days later, on the 2nd of Octo-
ber, the sovereigns of Austria and Prussia left for
Warsaw to meet the Czar by previous appointment,
although the telegraph would not have faded to ad-
vise them had the Czar changed his original resolu-
tion. The probability is then that the Warsaw
writer misapprehended the destination of the Czar.
It has been stated that the French government re-
called the permission at first given to General Guyon
to go to Warsaw. A telegraphic despatch from Ber-
lin, however, states that he had actually left for the
Russian camp.
A letter from Cronstadt, in Transylvania, states
that new Russian troops are constantly arriving on
the line of the Danube, and that the forwarding of
ammunition is going on actively.
The Constantinople correspondent of the Parla-
ment° of Turin, announces that the Spanish General
Prim, Count de Reuss, has entered the service of the
I'orte, and been appointed to the command of a divi-
sion Of 20,000 men.

Letters from St. Petersburg of the 24th ult., an-
nounce that the Russian Baltic fleet had received
orders to return to Cronetadt, and hold itself at the
disposal of the government.
Omer Pacha had established a cordon sunitaire
along the right bank of the Danube, to keep off the
cholera and the Russian spies.
Several English officers of rank had been observed
in the neighbourhood of the Turkish camps, recon-
noitering the force of the Turkish troop!, and the
state of the army in Roumelia and Bulgaria.
Letters from Tabrecz of August 25, speak vaguely
of a report that the Shah had quitted Tehran, for
Sultanich, at the head of a large body of men, on the
20th of that month ; 2,500 loads of gunpowder and
other military stores had been sent forward, part to
remain at SultanieB for reviews and evolutions, and
part to be deposited along the frontier. Orders had
also been received', to send 6 cannons, 350 artillery-
men, and 600 loads of ammunition, with four regi-
ments of infantry, to the Khoi frontier. Owing to
the difficulty of ascertaining the precise relations of
the Persian and Ottoman governments, these move-
ments were regarded with suspicion by the friends
of Turkey.
The Augsburg Allyemeirse Zeitung states that
Russian troops are being shipped from Sebastopol
and landed on the east shore of the Black Sea, oppo.
site to the fort Achalrich, on the frontier of the two
territories. The reason given was the concentration
of Turkish troops is that quarter.
It has already been stated that more than 800
Poles have inscribed their names at the Turkish
Embassy and offered their services to the Porte in
the event of a war with Russia. The Press. now
publishes a letter addressed to Reschid Pacha by M.
Christian Ostrowski, and written in the name of his
fellow-countrymen, repeating this offer to the Turk-
ish Minister of Foreign Affairs.

continued slowly the lamentable work of &coati:molten
and destruction, and which was terminated by dropsy in
the chest, with suffusion aim 611irIC4110111, swilling of the
etc. Everything announced an early death •,
but it was huped that the efforts of science—that the de voted
and tender care of an afflicted family would prolong his
precious existence some days Imager. The illustrious patent
ruse on Sunday afternoon and dressed himself. He went
to bed again at ab ut five o'clock, and took a slight
repast. Sume minutes after be asked to be raised
• little, and to be placed in the middle of his bed ;
then all at once be cried, in pressing his breast, tt I am suf-
focating ! lam suffocating !" His attendant.. hastened to
him, and proceeded to light a lamp, the better to appreciate
his state ; but before this could be done the death rattle was
beard, and in less than five minutes after Festive Aram"
was dead. During all his malady, his lofty intelligence was
not obscured for an instant. Scarcely three weeks ago, he
was labouring at a new edition of his celebrated work on
thunder ; he recalled what he had read, dictated precious
additions, caused difficult researches to be made, &c.; cad
he eked M. Babinet to prepare for him a table of the best
determined numbers of the length of undulation., in order
that he might complete an important paper on light; he
c,rrected the proofs of his biographical notice of Menge ; he
terminated Lis notices on planets, etc. Whenevcr we went
to see him, he asked us what was new in the scientific wurid;
be took a lively interest in the progress we related; he digs
cuesed ith perfect lucidity; he made profound remarks,
There was not one of our visits which did not supply
us with original observations. We cannot describe how
much he suffered at not being able to attend the sittings of
the Academy to fulfil his duties as perpetual secretary. The
pain of his malady affected him a good deal less ; every
week there was a violent conflict between his conscience,
delicate to excess., and his physical weakness, the energetic
refusals of physicians and the pressing solicitations of his
family; more than once it was impossible to restrain him,
and he was seen almost dying endeavouring to examine a
voluminous correspondence,: as if Le wished to yield the
last sigh at the post of duty. Francais Amen was born on
the 26th February, 1786, at Estegel, near Perpignan ; he
was consequently • little more than 67 years of age ; and he
die! two days before hie fitte' which was celebrated on the
4th October. He was educated at the College of Perpignan.
One day he met an engineer of mines, whose brilliant
co-curve struck him. " What must be done to be entitled
to wear the noble insignia of science ?" asked he. " Enter
the Ecole Point chnique." " And how is that to be doe. ?"
"By undergoing certain examicatious." "Where and
when can one undergo these examinations ?" "At Mont-
pelier, and after seriously studying mathematics." " I
will study mathematics, and will enter the Ecole Polytech•
pique." One or two years after, in 1804, Francois Arago
entered the school, and was at the head of the pupils ad-
mitted that year. In 180, when only twenty years of age,
be fulfilled the functiuna of secretory of the Bureau des
Longitudes. Shortly after he was charged with a scientific
mission in Spun; he there incurred great dangers, (mu
which he only escaped to fall int) the hands of an Algerian
corsair,. Tu recompene the glorious labours of this rude
campaign, the Academy of Sciences violated its regulations,
! and admitted the young and intrepid savant wheu only 23
years of age. Numerous researches, experiments, and in-
ventions have immortalised his name; but his principal
claims to renown are-Ist, magnetic and rotatory polarisa-
tion ; 2nd, magnetism by the action of currents ; 3rd, wags
netistu by rotation. Franc Lis Argo was an encyclopedic
genius. Sciences, letters, social economy—his vast intellis
genee embraced all with an ever equal superiority. At the
Ecole Polytechnique, the Atedemie, the Observatoire, and
the Municipal Council, the cab cat and varlet: of his know-
ledge, Ind especially the astonishing faculty of assimilation,
vulgarisation, and application with which he was gifted, !
placid him everywhcts in the first rank. As an orator he
was distinguished by marvellous lucidity of exposition, by
the abundance, facility, and picturesque energy his
delivery. As a writer, he was nictinguishel by clear-
ness elegance, and a sustained firmness of style—
qualities which place him on a par with the
most distinguished of our prose writers. He possessed,"
says Timon, " the secrets of the language, as well as the
secrets of the heart." " Never," says one of his bio-
graphies, "did human head undertake, without breaking,
pitch an enormous mass of labour." Arago considered every
man idle who did not work fourteen hours a-day. Heys id
that kind were, however, for rim days of repose. He was
engaged at the same time in chemistry, physics, mechanics,
astronomy, natural history, philosophy, and literature.
He was a member of ell the scientific or incluatriel
elation in the world ; his study was literally encum-
bered with plans to examine and memoirs to analyse.
The government, the municipality, the establish- !
mews of public utility and even private industry found
in him an active and disinterested counsellor and
guide. His time was given to all things and to
everybody. At the same time that he had an eye to what
passes above he Lad one to what takes place here, and
amidst all his absorbing and varied occupations lie fuund
time to show himself one of the worthiest end most charm.
ing talkers in the saloons of Paris. Poor M. de Humboldt !,
On the anniversary of your birth, when you had accom-
plished y.ur 83rd year, you wrote to IL &wain from your
humble solitude of Tegel : " I live, alas ! in the greatest
anxiety. The sufferings of my master and my friend, the
dearest that I have in the world, plunge me luta despair.
Hew tad it is to survive thee, who, for more than forty
years, have been the object of my love and my admiration.
Arago is no more—permit us to take part in your sorrow,
and to weep with you.

The Academy of Sciences has just lost another of
its members, M. Auguste St. Ililaire, of the section
of botany, aged 74.
The rumour of General Canrobert having been
appointed to command an army in the east is re-
newed. I learn, from a good source, that General
Canrobert has certainly left I'aris, but on what
account I cannot say.
Mention was made some time since that an Anglo-
French company had applied to the government for
a concession of the transatlantic packets, and that
the port from which they would start would be
Dieppe. The Journal du Havre now states in a
positive manner that the application has been favour-
ably received, and it even appears certain, it says,
that the company in question has been authorised to
introduce free of all duties a certain number of
foreign built steamers calculated for trans-oceanic
navigation, and which will be stationed at Dieppe.
The Emperor, accompanied by Prince Napoleon
and several officers of his household, went out shoot-
ing the day before yesterday in the park of Ver-
sailles : 2.10 head of game were killed, out of which
his Majesty killed 117.
The Emperor, during his late visit to Boulogne,
presented the gendarme who had arrested him in
1840 with a military medal, remarking at the same
time, "I like men who obey their commanders."
His Majesty also sent 500 f. to one of the coast-
guard who had presented hie piece at him when he
hi.nded.
During the visit, some presentations took place
which have not been mentioned in the journals.
Among them was that of the old sailors of Boulogne,
who had received medals for saving lives from ship-
wreck and drowning. They were presented to his
Majesty by M. Guerin de Tencin and Major Sir
Warwick Hele Tonkin. The Empress, on hearing
the recital of the fate of some unfortunate fishermen
whose boat had foundered that very day in sight of
Boulogne, was affected to tears, and gave a sum of
11,000 f. to be divided among their families.
The fete of St. Denis, the first Bishop of Paris,
will be celebrated with great pomp on Sunday neat
in all the churches of Paris. His relics, as well as
those of his two companions in martyrdom, St. Hos-
tique and St. Eleuthere, will be exhibited to the
public during the whole day at Notre Dame. In the
cathedral of St. Denis a grand musical mass will be
performed.
It is stated that Mgr. Sacconi, Apostolic Nuncio
of the Holy See in Bavaria, is to succeed to the post
left vacant at Paris by the death of Mgr. Garibaldi.
The Pope, on the application of the Archbishop of
Albi, has issued a brief, declaring the ancient cathe-
dral of that town a " basilique insigne."

PARIS, THURSDAY EVENING.
M. Granter de Cassagnac, whose pen has long
been inactive, has a very warlike article in the Con-
stitutionnel to-day. The article is remarkable for the
complimentary tone ►n which it speaks of the vitality
of Turkey, from which some infer that the Powers,
seeing her better able to take care of herself than
was thought, mean to leave her very much to her
own resources.

Up to post hour the expected telegraphic des-
patch announcing the arrival of the Constan-
tinople boat at Marseilles has not come. It is
thought probable that the packet which should have
sailed on the 23th must have been ietaincd a day or
two by the French ambassador to wait for decisive
news.

A telegraphic despatch received to-day announces
the arrival in the Cherbourg roads of Admiral
Charner's squadron coming from the Duves.

I am told that the population of the Faubourg St.
Antoine was much pleased with the demeanour of
the military at M. Arago's funeral. Many of the
soldiers wore " immortelles." I have not heard that
any arrests were made. It is curious that among
the many eminent members of the republican party
who attended (and the Siecle gives a long list be-
sides those that I observed yesterday), there was not
one of Arago's colleagues in the provisional govern-
ment. Lamartine, Dupont de l'Eure, Cremieux, and
Garnier Paes, are absent from Paris ; Ledru
Lais, and -Flown, are in exile ; Albert is a prisoner
at Belle-Isle, and Armand Marrast is dead.

To-day the Bank raised thu ;;;;;idiscount from
Three to Four per cent.
At the close of a fiat day at the bourse prices
exhibited a trifling rally in the Threes, and a further
fall of per cent. in the Four-and-a-Half per Cents.
Closing prices :—Three per Cent. Rentes, 72.90;

ditto Four-and-a-Half per Cults., 99.50; Bank
Shares, 2,795.

BELGIUM.

A meeting of founders and engineers took place on
Sunday last, at Charleroi, for the purpose of address-
ing a collective petition tc the Minister of the In-
tetior of Belgium, praying for the introduction of
foreign pig iron free of duty. Several large manu-
facturers were present, as well as the directors of the
principal establishments in the country where the
article is used. A petition to the above effect was
drawn up, and immediately received numerous
signatures. The petition is caused by the Belgian
ironmasters, in consequence of their numerous con-
trects, not being able to supply the quantities re-
quired by the founders, who have consequently great
difficulty in keeping their numerous hands at work.

HOLLAND.

--

ROTTERDAM, Ocr. 5.

The cholera is still carrying off many victims in
this city and in Amsterdam. The number of cases
in the cholera hospital of the latter, from Sept. 31) to
Oct. 3, was 31, of which 57 terminated fatally. Yes-
terday four more persons died in that establishment,
and 29 others were under medical treatment.
It is now known that the crew of the English
schooner Dart, Captain Ward, have been saved. The
above vessel, bound front Liverpool to Rotterdam,
sprung a leak on the 27th ult. off Egmond. The
English schooner HarmLs has been brought to
Flushing by some Belgian pilots. The captain and
some of the crew were carried off by a heavy sea,
and the two sailors who, together with the captain's
wife, remained on board, were found in a disabled
state. The schooner, bound from London to Sunder.
land, was drifting about when discovered by the
above pilots.
The following is the text of the reply made by
the King of Holland to the addtem of the Second
Chamber :

" (sentlenieu—l beg you to assure the chamber that its
address Lea given me much satisfaction. 1 remark with
pleasure the high importance which the chamber attaches
to the reciprocal confidence between the sovereign and the
people, and to the consolidation of the bonds which, for
ages put, have attached the Netherlands to the house of
Orange. Let the chamber he convinced that its sentiments
dl tied an echo is me, and that 1 highly appreciate
them."

SPAIN.

• -

The Madrid journals of the 30th ult. state that the
Queen had entirely recovered f out her indisposition.
The commission nominated by the government to in-
quire into the question of differential duties has,
says the Xucion, not been able to come to a definite
resolution on the subject, one portion of it being in
favour of protection to Spanish vessels, the other
against it. The government will consequently have
to decide the matter. A Madrid letter says that the
question of the cohrocation of the Cortes is not to be
submitted to the council as soon as was expected.
M. Salamanca had returned to Madrid. He un-
nouneed, as already stated, that the organisation of
the Northern Railway Company is complete. The
concession of the line from Soucellunos to Ciudad
Real has, in addition, been awarded to him.

ITALY.

• 4.

PIEDMONT.
A M. Moretti, a printer, of Genoa, was tried ou
the let, before the Court of Appeal of that city, for
having illegally printed M. Mazzini's pamphlet on
the insurrection of the Gth of February at Milan.
The court deferred its sentence.