The Express.
London, England, 1849-01-18 00:00:00

ITALY.

ROMAN STATES.—We have received advice.
from Rome to the Bth inst.
On the 7th the address to the Roman people, which
we give below, threatening excommunication to all
persons who should take any part in the election of
persons for the Constituante Assembly, and interdict-
ing all, of whatever rank or ‘onditioo, from assisting
in such elections, was placarded throughout the ca-
pital. Large assemblages immediately collected, pa-
raded the Corso, took from the hatters' window. all
the cardinals' hats, and, having carried them in
procession throughout the city, singing funeral
hymns, they proceeded to the bridge of Sixtus,
where they threw them into the 'Mier. In the fan-
bourgs of Monti and Tranativere, loud charivani
were provoked by the address. he people hooted
the cures of Santa Maria Maggiore and Santa Maria
Transtivere, who had caused the encyclic to be posted;
until midnight, the streets resounded with the cries
and choruses of the people, who made it the occasion
of a great fete.
People of all classes are represented as being ex-
asperated against the Pope on account of this threat
of excommunication ; and the lower orders, who ask
why the Pope, who did not excommunicaoe the
Croats, who were guilty of all kinds of horrible ex-
cesses, should excommunicate his own children,
indulge incessantly in shouts of "Long live the
excommunicate ! "
The following is the address lista( d by the Pope. It
is dated Gaeta, the Ist inst. :

In Pis pesceful abode, where it has pleased Divine Pro.
vidence to lead us, in order that we may be enabled in all
freedom to manifest our sentiments and our wishes, we
wait in hope that reason* ail be felt by our erring children
for the sacrilegious and other crimes committed against per
sons attached to us, o' whom some have been killed, and
others outraged in the most barbtrous manner, as well as for
the sacrileges and crimes consummated in our residence, and
even ageism our own person. And yet we have, op to tie
proem, received only a barren invitation to return to our
capital, without even a word being uttered in condemnation
of the attempts we lave referred to, and without the least
guarantee against the acts of fraud and violenee of that in-
estimate band whose harbeerons despotism still tyrannises
ever the state and church of Rome. We have welted in
the hope that the peotests and decrees which we have honed
wculd read to their duties as 'abject', and as of the faith-
ful, there who in the very *vital of our states have despised
these duties, and trampled them ander foot. But, trim& of
retnrnicg, a new and still more monstrous set of hyposettleal
felony and gesaiat rebellion, andadowly eamembled by
them, has 1111w1 the esemme of our grief, and MIMI ear

jest indigsatism ask will sales the uaiversal church. We
nolet ta mak of that set, se Metals fa all its bearings,
by Shia I les hewn p to eider the sonmestion of
&estates. penal Miami Assembly of the Roman States
by a degree of the 29th Deeember last, with the rupees of
Thu
ellairzfagoew polities/ hems in the Pontifical States.
lava" mass iniquity, the promoters of deem
mind anarchy me esilemouring to destroy the templed
sathoeity of the Rams Pontiff over the domains of the
Inly alma, believing, and seeking at the same thee to
tale it be Maimed that his soversign power saes.* to
Nanny's's,' and depends upon the cams of faetioas,
though so irretragab y founded as are its rights upon the most
molest and solid bases, and althoagh they are acknowledged,
defianded, sod venerated by all seams. We will spare our
dignity the humiliation of (Wellies upon all the mowitmaity
el this abominable am, arising from the absurdity of its oel-
Eh. the illegality of its forms, sad the impiety of its object.
Bat cettlaQty belongs to the apostolic suthority with
welds, unworthily, we are inventsd, and by the responsi-
bility to which we are bound, by the most sacred oaths taken
intke preemies of the Almighty, not only to protest, as we
now do, in the mast 'sweetie and ea:lm manner, against
the act, bat mermen 111 61111111111114111 it in the Laos of the
adverse as aa eassamme sad saisilesioas attempt against
our hadapeadmas and ereara_. an attempt mid& merits
tie elmilmemets Wilma leir-dhins red homes lama. We
am em ineat eat ea reasMag fhb amdaslame meat you
Mainal •in item yea with failsnatisa, as aa Malt end •
Yoneefaehees, that nose of wish:Mtn have
et having bees tieenhed hankies stductions,
aastd pre
oft sabemelve sr of hams,
of the maebballeas sf the earmise of as
Wflr=law, of all right, of all VIM liberty, of even
• . habig, we have this day spin raised
lo
.• M by
may be your ranks or candid's,. from taking any
pre la the destitute of persons to be sent ;to the Assembly
whisk we have modemzied. In the mean dme.we tended
yea that this absolute interdiction is sanetimed by our pre-
deoewore by anneals, especially by the holy °pencil of
Trent (Sem. amt., c. xi., de Refer.), in which the church
has repeatedly fulminated its censures, and particularly that
of excommunication major, incurred, without the necessity
of say previous declaration, by whoever shall render himself
guilty of any attempt whatever against the temporal autho-
rities of the Sovereign Pontiffs of Rome, as we declare all
those hays unhappily instated who have contributed (Tett'
adore the beano dato opera) to the above mentioned est,
std teas which preceded it to the detriment of the same
sovereignty, or which in any other manner, and under false
'menses have disturbed, violated, sod scarped oar authority.
Hot, it we feel ourselves compelled by our conscientious du-
ties to preserve and defend the sacred deposit of the patri-
moay of the spouse of Jesus Christ, confided to our are, and
to employ in that the sword of just severity which God him-
self, our judge, ha given into oar hands to be thus used,
we cannot, however, at anytime forget that we hold ea earth
the place of him who, in the mercies of his justice, never
failed to use mercy. Raising thee our hands to Heaven,
remitting and recommending to him once more this just
muse, his much more than outs, and declaring that we
are ready, with the aid of his powerful grace, to drink to the
dregs, for the defence and glory of the catholic church, the
cup of basemen which He himself was willingly the first to
taste is, the salvation of his church, we shell never cease
to supplicate and conjure him to deign, in his goodness, to
grant the ardent prayers which we address to him day and
night for the conversion and salvation of those who have
wandered. Assuredly no day can rise which will be more
joyful to us than that on which it shall be given to us te, see
re entering the pale of the Lord such of our sons as are now
causing us so much tribulation and bitterness. The hops of
soon seeing a day so happy, is strengthened in us by the
thought of the universality of the prayers which, joined to
ours, amend to the throne of divine grace from the lips and
the hearts of all the faithful of the catholic world, and who
incessantly urge Him backings the hearts of the sinners, and
bring them back into the paths of truth and justice. Given
at Gaeta this let day of January, in the year of our Lord,
1849. rive P. P. IX.
Count de Penaflel de Silva arrived at Gaeta, on the
2nd, as envoy extraordinary to the Pope from the
Queen of Portugal.
A letter from Rome, of the Bth inst., states that an
electoral meeting, at which 24,000 persons voted, c
committee of 24 members wu nominated to propose
the candidates to the Constituent Assembly.
TUSCANY.—The Tuscan Moniteur of the 10th
inst. contains the speech of the Grand Duke of Tus-
cany on the opening of the Chambers, which took
plain on that day. After adverting to the present se-
rious times, which he trusts may lead to the ultimate
welfare of Italy, the Grand Duke announces that the
int+ real condition of the country calls for vigorous and
durable meaaures, relating to the municipal and police',
laws, and the improvement of the civic and municipal
gaud. The state of the finsmoss, owingartly to the
new charges. rendered necessary by the amp of
the form of government, and partly by the necessities
of war, requires prompt remedies, such as will be laid
before the chambers by the ministry. The revision
of the codes, and especially of that of civil prcxxlure,
will also call the attention of the chambers, as well as
the improvements to be introduced in the department
of public instruction. It is the will of the people that
the war should be continued, since the same mo-
tives, the same dangers that gave rise to it, still exist.
The relations between Tuscany and the foreign powers+,
Austria excepted, ere saleable ; the Tuscan govern-
ment is particularly convinced of the necessity of a
firm alliance with the other Italian States. A media-
tion is in progress to remove the differences existing
between Tuscany and the Court of Naples. In the
Papal question, it becomes Tuscany to follow the policy
of the other Italian states; a policy which appears in-
spired by the greatest respect for the head of the catho-
lic religion. The Constituent Assembly to be proclaimed
in Tuscany will not bee cause of dissolution anddiscord,
but, on the contrary, the promoter of force and har-
mony. It rejects no possible form of government, and
hopes to obtain the consent of the other Italian states.
A Tuscan ambassador will be present at theoonterences
of Brussels. Several populations of Upper Italy have
been led, by their sympathy towards Tuscany, to de-
mand their annexation to the state ; and it behoves,
therefore, to consider them a part of it. After reading
this speech, which was received with loud applause,
the Grand Duke retired, and the session was declared
opened.