The Express.
London, England, 1851-11-20 00:00:00

AMERICA.

ARRIVAL OF THE PACIFIC.
By the arrival in the Mersey last evening, at six
o'clock, of the United States Mail steam-ship Pacific,
Capt. Nye, we have received our usual New York
letters and papers to the Bth inst. inclusive, on which
day at noon she sailed from New Yoric, with forty-
flve passengers (among whom is Father Matthew),
nearly a million dollars in specie on freight, the
usual mails, and a very full general cargo.
There is nothing of much importance, political or
commercial, in the present advices.
The steam-ship Prometheus, Captain H. Churchill,
arrived at New York, on the 6th, from San Juan de
Nicaragua, via Havannah, bringing 500 passengers,
and gold dust to the amount of 600,000 dols.
The steam-ship Independence arrived at San Juan
del Sud on the 19th ult., with 400 passengers, and
150,000 dols. in gold dust on freight. She left San
Francisco on the 4th October.
The steam-ship Ohio arrived at New York, from
San Francisco, with 30,000 dols. in gold dust on
freight.
'l he steam-ship Oregon had arrived at Panama,
with upwards of 2,000,000 dols. in gold dust on
freight, and 1,000,000 dots. in the hands of pas-

sengers.
There was no news of importance from California.
The New York Weekly Herald gives the follow-
ing, which, however, it thinks, "a premature state-
ment :"
A despatch from Washington states that it is understood
that all differences between Spain and the United States
will be settled if the government will salute the flag of the
the former. This dune, the insult to the Spanish consul at
New Orleans will be urgotteu, and the Cuban prisoners
set at liberty.
A letter, rioted Washington, Nor. sth, says:
It is understood is diplomatic circles here, that Chevalier
Hulsemann has received a letter from Prince Schwartsens
berg, the substance of which he has COIIIMORiCated to our
government, in relation to the proposed visit of Kossuth to
this country. Though Chevalier Hulsemann is not directed
to withdraw, upon the arrival of Kossuth, or, at least, has
not communicated such instructions, yet he has informed
this government that Austria will look with concern and
regret upon any official recognition of Kossuth by this
government. This communication was made to
this government, as is believed, on Saturday last.
I have reason to think that the questions growing
out of the Cuban affair, between the United States, on
one side, and the governments of Great Britain, France,
and Spain, on the other, are all to be satisfactorily ad-
justed, or, at least, will lead to no difficulty. In respect to
the orders given to English and French cruisers to intercept
or search American vessels supposed to be engaged in a
hostile expedition against Cuba, or any proposition for a
mutual right of search for such purpose, they have recently
been met by an appeal, on our part, to the principles esta-
blished by the Ashburton treaty. The doctrines on this
subject, which were laid down by Mr. Webster in his de-
spatch to Lord Abs rdeen, through Mr. Everett, during the
negotiation of the Ashburton treaty, will be fully sustained
and carried out by this administration ; and these doctrines
would preclude England and France from carrying into
execution any orekis such as were recently given.
The Net, York Tribune, with regard to " Our
state election," says :—lt is now the fourth day since
the close of our election, and we have the returns of
the vote in every county except Hamilton, yet we
are utterly in the dark as to the result.
The difficulties with the boatmen on the Isthmus
had been settled.
The advices from Havannah arc devoid of in-
terest.
- - - - -

The United States steam-ship Caroline, from San
Francisco for Panama, had been compelled to put
into Realejo, unable to proceed, in consequence of
the vessel being in an unseaworthy state and machi-
nery damaged, and had landed her passengers, 230
in number, many of them in a dying state from fever.

(Fur taarkets see last page.)

LATEST FOREIGN EXCHANGES.

THE NIZAM.

(Prom the Doily News.)

It is very true, as our correspondent Plitt.otNin:s
the other day remarked, that a great part of the news
received semi-monthly from India is one-sided only;
that in all the disputes and quarrels of the Indian
government with native states and princes we hear
but half the case ; that we never know their com-
plaints, their grievances, their feelings, and their
wishes, much less their answers, replies, or refutations
to its imputations on their administrations or to its
charges on their fidelity to the engagements it has
imposed on them as the condition of their continued
existence.
Equally truthful, and sadder by far, was
his further observation, that the account given
by Mr. Kars, in his important ifistory
the War in Afghanistan, of the despatches Sir
ALEXANDER BURNES did really address in 1838 to
Lord AUCKLAND, from his commercial mission at
Caubul, shows that when the whole truth does
reach the Board of Control, that department of the
state dares, before presenting it to parliament, to
mutilate, pervert, and falsify the documents it has
received from the. Supreme Government of India.
This latter is, however, a subject much too pain-
ful and too important to be pursued inci-
dentally ; and it is now only referred to for the
purpose of pointing out how careful the public here
ought to be, before it joins in those strong condemna-
tions of native governments and in the yet stronger
desire for the absorption and extinction of native
states, on pretences of their mel-administration and
the danger of their internal confusion and disorder
to British power, which nearly every mail from India
discharges into the London newspapers, and which
they must receive, that being the staple commodity
in which their Oriental contemporaries deal.

The case of the Nizam of the 6ELVAN is one in point.
When, in the course of last summer, Lord DsLitorsic
was suddenly seized (whilst keeping himself and
in the mountains of Thibet, far away from his consti-
tutional advisers at Calcutta) with a longing to
annex to our dominions one-third of that fine land of
the vine and the pomegranate, we then took occasion
to explain how very different were the real circum-
stances from the alleged facts of that case. We
arc not now going to repeat in detail the melancholy
story, further than to remind our readers that
the British government is primarily respon-
sible for the NizAm's pecuniary plight and his
inability to keep down the payments which that go-
vernment has imposed on him. For, as we then
showed, it had deprived him of his third share of
Ttrroo St LTAN's territories, which was the price of
the aid he furnished to the overthrow of that enemy
of the British power in India, and how the Ceded
Districts (as they arc called) were still retained to pay
tin his name and on his account) for a Subsidiary
Force to protect him against external enemies, the
last of whom disappeared when the great Mahratta

confederacy was des-froyed by Lord lirtsmos. How,
having this useless force kept up at his cost, it had
further insisted on his paying it for the Hyderabad
Contingent, on pretence of its being necessary for
the internal purposes of his government ; how, in
spite of his obligation to pay for it, the NIZANI had
no power over it. and was consequently compelled
to resort to a third army of Arabs, Patans, and
other soldiers of his own, wherewith to conduct the
police and to levy the revenue of his country. And
how, were accounts taken between the British go-
vernment and that prince, on a just and generous
principle, it would be found that our Treasury was
largely indebted to him, instead of him owing a
fabulous amount of money to it.
At that time it became, however, unnecessary fur-
ther to follow up and to prove the strict accuracy of
this view of the MSC. Fur Lord D.tutoustE shrunk
from carrying out the policy of contination which he
had in a letter, couched iu terms of which that ex-
perienced and courteous old diplomatist General
FRASER might well be ashamed, announced to the
NIZAII his adoption of. The gentlemen and capital-
ists of Hyderabad—still a wealthy and notnishing
city compared with Delhi or with Surat—who were
said to be so eager to receive and accept the protec-
tion of British rule, in this crisis of their sovereign's
fate, made hint large advances to enable him, and
them, to evade such a fate ; and pecuniary terms
were arranged for the liquidation of Lord DAL-
HOUSIE'S demand.

The first instalment was duly paid; the second is
not due : and though judgment cannot, under this
oriental cognovit, be yet signed, and execution levied
on the Sin :a, accounts from India by the last mail
describe the government as waiting with eagerness
for its non-payment, and anxious to issue an extent
against the Deccan ; and ready, even it be paid, to
pick a quarrel with the NIZAM on other pretences.
The NIZAM is in debt; tho NIZAM'S expenditure
exceeds his income; the N17..,04 won't dismiss

his Arab troops--or, mercenaries, as the hirers of
Sepoy bravery choose to call these equally gallant
soldiers. Therefore, runs the argument, let us resort
to no half measures with the Nl./.‘Nt ; let us extin-
guish him—destroy his dynasty—annex his country
—away with him. What we have dune in Sattarah,
let us repeat in the Deccan. Such is the chorus of
Indian song.
No doubt the NizAm is in debt; but so also is the
Indian government. If his expenditure exceed his
income; so has theirs for the last ten years. If he
makes up the deficit by loans from Parsee bankers;
they borrow the difference at high rates of interest
from the savings of their own servants. His Arabs
may not be very orderly, but what says Major
JACOB of the condition of their Bengal Army ?
If, for these, his offences, he deserves to he de-
throned; what punishment does the British govern-
ment deserve fior cogitate evidences of its misrule ?
It ought to pluck the mote from its own eye before it
begins to examine too curiously into the vices of
the NIZAM. " Judge nut lest ye be judged."
The British government is, however, quite right in
regarding with interest the state of the NIZANCS

finances, and in resolving not to tolerate the presence of
an insubordinate native army over which it has no
control in the very heart of Southern India; where
ILYDELL ALL and fIPPoo, and afterwards the Mali-
rattas, gave it so much trouble. Rut the resto-
ration of his finances may be easily effected, and, by
their rectification, order may be readily introduced
into the Arab troops; without robbery under the
form of annexation; without tyranny in the namo
of order.

Tu.) of the armies of the Deccan, though one
is paid for by the retied Districts, and the other by
the NIZAM airectly,the Subsidiary Force and the
Hyderabad Contingent, are really the Company's
armies. Now, if the Indian government would but
make one of those armies do the work of both, and
pay that one by means of the Ceded Districts of which
they have possession, they would at once relieve the
NIZAM'S finances, and get rid of all pecuniary squab-
bles and quarrels with him. If, in addition,
they would allow the NIZAM sufficient power and
command over that one army, they would enable
him, if not to dispense altogether and at once
with his Arabs and Putans; at least to pay them regu-
larly, and so remove the main cause of their present
insubordination, if insubordinate they really be.
This would be the wise and just and generous
course ; and fur better than to pursue the unfortunate
Prince with bum-bailiftii, and so distract his atten-
tion from the improvement of his country that he
may preserve his throne; and keep hanging, like
MAUOMET'S coffin, 'twist life and death.

PROCEEDINGS OP AMERICAN JUDOEL—It is re-
ported that a difficulty occurred oa Saturday evening in
Jackson, the county sent of Calaveras, between Judge Smith
of the County Coon, and Captain Lewis A. Collier, the
clerk, which resulted in the death of the latter. Judge
Smith, who had been detained fur Witte time by sicknms in
Sacramento, returned to Jackson on Saturday afternoon,
and ns toe votes for county clerk had not been counted,
inasmuch as Collier was a candidate for the office, and there-
fore incapacitated, and as Saturday was the last day allowed
by law on which they could he counted, he repaired imme-
diately to the house where the ballots were deposited. Elid-
ing the door locked, he forced an entrance, and proceeded to
make the count. Soon afterwards Collier heard of it, and
went to the house much excited. High words followed,
pistols were drawn, and in the affray Collier was shot twice
through the body, and wire through the arm. lie died on
the spot, so says the report.—Son Francisco Herald.
ACCIDENT AT A SHOOTING NIATCII.—On Monday
at a shooting match on the hackney marshes, when the last
rabbit was about to be r, leaned from the trap, Mr. Wells,
a pocket-book maker, reloaded his piece, the butt-end of
which woo resting upon hi. foot, with the barrel in a slant-
ing direction, when it accidentally went off, and the entire
charge entered the neck of Mr. Parry, a coal-merchant,
and lodged iu his head. The deceased instantly dropped
silently to the ground, but was immediately raised up in a
lifeless state by the bystanders, who conveyed him to on
adjoining tavern, but he never afterwards either moved or
spoke, and, upon n surgeon being sent for, he at once pro-
nounced that life was extinct.—F.ssez Herald.