The Express.
London, England, 1853-04-26 00:00:00

TO CORRESPO N I )EN 18.

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LONDON, TUESDAY, APRIL 26.

As usually happens when a debate is expected to
last for a week, the first night's discussion on the
renewal of the Income Tax was not of a very bril-
liant order. The apologetic tone is generally dull;
and such appears to have been what musicians call
the predominant on both sides of the house. Repre-
sentatives of popular constituencies are not a little
embarrassed by the reflection of their pledges at the
hustings last July, to resist the re-imposition of
the tax which affects to jumble all kinds of income
together, and to assess indiscriminately permanent
and perishable means of subsistence. Gentlemen
who, by giving such pledges, contrive to secure
the essential support of the most intelligent and
independent sections of their respective constituen-
cies naturally entertain grave misgivings as to the
effect of their future electioneering prospects shcnild
they vote for the renewal of the unamended tax for
the next seven years. As might have been expected,
their speeches are addressed rather to the reporters'
gallery than to an incredulous house, which suffi-
ciently understands the nature of their embarrass-
ment; and if it listens only laughs at the energetic
vapidity of their protests that, in voting for the
general scheme, they do not forego their right to
move discriminating amendments in committee. They
might as well gravely assert their indefeasible right
to make cucumbers out of moonbeams—a right which
neither Ministers, nor the House of Commons, nor
the overpaid organs of the Treasury, nor any one
else that we know of, cares to-deny. It has long
ago come to be thoroughly understood what such
reservations under such circumstances are worth.
Nevertheless, if conscientious and much-worried
members find comfort in the tedious iteration of
their qualms and hopings against hope, and dandling
of their rheumatic consistency, it would perhaps be
cruel to question their liberty. in that behalf. We
only venture to deprecate the interminable prolonga-
tion of this make-believe species of discussion. It
the house and the country think it a painful neces-
sity that the injustice of the blind rule of the
Income Tax should be continued for seven years
more, without palliation of any sort, we must only
submit to it with what grace we may. For it is
quite bad enough to be fleeced without reason, with-
out being bored without end.
On the other hand, nothing can be more unreal
than the tone which pervaded the speeches (if
speeches indeed they can be called) of most of the Tory
opposition. They cheered Sir BULWER LYTTON,
the mover of the amendment, who, to do him justice,
seemed to have retained in a certain sense more
consciousness of the true bearings of the question,
however unequal he may have individually proved
himself to the task of dealing with them.
But no sooner had the Ron. Baronet concluded
that his side appear to have bat all recollection of the
merits of the great question at issue, and to have
betaken themselves to a species of unmeaning
grumbling, which was only interrupted during the
evening by an occasional gust of huh discontent at I
being included in the provisions of the scheme.
They
feebly affected indifference as to whether new
taxes
were imposed on the landed interest, provided
they were only imposed, as Mr. NEWDEGATE
phrased it, "in an obvious form." In other words,
they would have the world believe that they are
ready to concede any demand on their pockets as '
taspa.Yfrs, provided they are bat enabled to make a
p!ausible (memos out of it. What a pity they
should not be taken at their word.

The most striking and significant characteristic of
the majority of the speeches delivered on both sides
of the House last night, is the total absence of all
allusion to the two important features of the dura-
tion and extent of the Ministerial plan. Under any
circumstances the attempt to enact by anticipation a
financial scheme for seven years would in past times
have excited. rave considerations from men of all
shades of opinion. But taken in connexion with the
refusal of the CHAt CELLOR. of the EXCHEQUER to
enter upon the reform of the schedule during the
present session, a vote of renewal for seven
years, without protest or remonstrance from
the friends of re-adjustment, will beyond all
doubt be capable of being used hereafter, as
showing that the principle for which they so
long contended wasin 1853 surrendered at discretion.
These columns have borne many protests against
the injustice of assessing alike the annuitant and
the capitalist, the country surgeon and the lord of
the manor, the ill-requited artist and the possessor
a palaceC in Park-lane or Belgrave-square. We
shall not cease to urge the reconsideration of the
question of Income Tax Reform on the elec-
toral dame, and through them upon the legislature,
notwithstanding the adoption of Mr. GLAnsroxx's
Budget, which, for the sake of the good it otherwise
contains, we desire to see carried. Nor can
we regard as a mere evasion of duty the
pretence
of a belief that readjustment has
lees necessary because a nominal time
of seven years has been inserted in the renewal Bill
of the Government. Everbody understands full well
that the Property and Income Tax is become a per-
manent- and perhaps indispensable part of our
national finance. It will be less possible to abolish
it every step we take in the progressive work of
tariff reform. Each year of peace will bring its fur-
ther requirements in the way of remission; and long
ere 1880 has arrived, the idea of breaking to pieces
and throwing aside "the colossal engine," as Mr.
Ouporroza calls it, may have paned out of popular
remembrance. Why then allow the present oppor-
tunity to go unimproved? The men who con-
sent for once to waive their manifest right to enforce
immediate re-adjustment, are precisely the men who
are peculiarly entitled to assert, in the most distinct
and formal manner, their determination to adhere to
what they have hitherto professed to regard as truth
and equity, and to proehum their intention of perse-
vering in its assertion until it is acknowledged and
adopted.

Tin public yesterday could not fail to be struck ,
by the announcement, that a Commiesion, headed by
the Earl of Em.r.sicrxr, was about to proceed to New
York, on a complimentary visit to the Commissioners
of the American Exhibition at that city. It is a
sign of the times, that this Commission is headed by
a peer of the realm, the Earl of ELLESMERE. The
noble lord belongs, indeed, to • family which owes
its position, in a great measure, to the oommercial
greatness of the country ; and he may, therefore, be
supposed to sympathise more strongly than many
onus brethren with the phenomena which commerce
exhibits. It is so common, however, to see examples
of successful aspirants to high places kicking down
the ladder by which they were elevated, that we are
only too glad to find that there are amongst the
English aristocracy men who are willing to do
homage to the great principles of development which
are gradually giving to the world a new form and
new features. The Eutifs ancestors would pro-
bably have felt themselves discredited by appearing
in America in any other characters than those Of
diplomatists, or warriors, or Sybarites. The Earl of
ELLasmaaa visits the descendants of the great
Anglo-Saxon race, merely to compare notes of the
great industrial progress which the two branches of
the family have made, and to celebrate their
triumphs. He goes with scientific friends to examine
and sympathise with the vast results which the men
of art and science and industry—the artists, the
philosophers, the merchants, the shopkeepers, the
artisans—have accomplished. The Commission of
which he is the head, are going to register the large
deeds of the working classes—to tabulate the tre-
mendous changes which the middle classes are making
in the appearance, and, are working in the fortunes
of the world.

The English Commission will be called upon to
report upon some remarkable features which the
Greet Exhibition at New York displays. Great u
was the manifestation of energy elicited by the Ex-
hibition is England, it mast be remembered that the

co-operation of the Government was a large feature
in that manifestation. The active participation of
Prince ALBERT was of great assistauee, iu a country
where a royal name gees so far. In America the
case was different. "The form"—say. the directors
of the Now York Exhibition—" of our political
system and the conati utional restrictions imposed
upon our state and federal action, rendered
it impossible that the affair should be, as
it was in England, taken up and carried on by
Government, and it therefore became neceasarz
to rely upon individual enterprise and activity.
Some idea of the energy which our American
brethren have displayed in the matter may be in.
ferred from the fact that the matter of iron construc-
tion on a large scale was almost entirely unknown to
the country. Yet no sooner was the design of the
directors made known, than a large number of plane
were sent in, all of them of considerable merit. The
successful plan was decided on on the 26th of August,
and on the 25th of September the principal part of
the iron work was contracted for, all by American
manufacturers.

Surely this development of the resources of the
great nation which had its root in our own country,
must be a source not only of pride in the past but
hope for the future. Mr. Evenerr, in a letter
he addresses to the United States Ministers
of foreign courts, says, perhaps, no more than the
truth when he asserts that, although the American
Exhibition may yield, in some respects, of necessity,
to the great English Exhibition of 1851, it is believed
that in some other respects the Exhibition at Nest
York will equal, and in others even surpass, its pro-
totype. And this must almost necessarily be the
case with every successive national exhibition. The
repeated concentration in certain places of the products
of the world's industry must offer to the competitors
in the great industrial struggle continually renewed
objects of emulation. The meeting together of the
great industrial heroes of the world will produce all
those effects which must necessarily follow from the
collision of intellects. Each Exhibition will be a
fruitful ground for further and more perfect product,.
Each must therefore surpass its predecessor. The
interest excited by these successive triumphs of
science and art, the infinite multiplication of
relations between various countries which will
be thus generated, the increased dependence which
nations will feel one on the other, the extension of
civilisation which must appear as the great result,
will be so many separate links to bind the nations
together in friendly bonds of universal peace. It is
with feelings of hope, therefore, that we look forward
to the Exhibition of May 2 in the present year.
The Commissioners go, although without pomp, on
one of the noblest missions that has ever yet been
sent across the Atlantic from this country, and we
cannot but trust that they will be successful in doing
something towards cementing more firmly the union
between the two nations, to whom seems confided
the great task of the civilisation of the world.

There is serious reason for believing that the Cabi-
net Bill for the future government of India is ready
to be placed on the table of the House of Commons
immediately after the Budget has been settled, and
that an attempt will be made to carry it during the
present session.
The commission appointed to proceed to the New
York Exhibition of Industry is, we understand, to
in:lude—in addition to the Earl of Ellesmere—Sir
Charles Lyell and C. Wentworth Dilke, Esq., with
some other gentlemen, not yet finally nominated.

sawspany, as well as all other industrial undertakings which
ban. nor solely great patriotic interests as their object.
The F.mpress haring been informed of the low
state of the funds of the charitable community of
Petite% Scours has giren them from her privy puree
the suet of 10,000 fr. This community has two esta-
blishments in Paris, in which 300 poor old men aro
lodged and fed, for which purpose the Petites Scours
go round to private houses and to cafes, and collect
broken meat and bread.
On the Bourse little business has this day
been transacted in Government Securities. The
raifiray market was more active. The prices at the
conclusion of business were :—Northerns, 917 f.;
Orleans, 1,040 f.; Paris and Strasbourg, Bs2f ; Parts
and Lyons, 930 f. ; Paris and Rouen, 1,132 f. ; Western
of France, 783 f.: Bordeaux and Cette, &2f.
AUSTIBILD•II, MOMMlC.—lotegrale Two.and.a.llalf per
Cone., 64e.; Sputnik One per Cants., 241; Interior Three
par Cents., 42 11.16.
MlUNDAT.—Metallia Five per Cents., 941;
ditto, Letter 8., 19,71 ; Bank Shares, 144.6. Euless, an
London, 10.49 ; Paris, 1291.
Aerwsar, Moxosir.—Belgian Four-sad-a-Hal! per
C.nts , ; Spasisli Oas per Cents., 231; Intense, 42
11.16.

SWITZERLAND,

The A:. IC 'Zurich Gazette of the 23rd, says:
--•

We r,ceived yesterday the following telegraphic despatch
from Frtburg : The revolutineary movement has boon
put down; Carrrari has bees killed; Perrier wounded and
taken prisoner; Week, Von der Welch, and Wuilleret, and
miry others, made prows. The names of the principal
garret nts and the mouseut eo critical for Switzerland which
bed been selected, prove that the whole alinir was care-
fully planned." This morning another despatch was
reerved. The sentare' of tie Council of War respecting
Perrier is not yet known, but it is most probable that he
will be condemned to death. Schultheys, Oriset, and his
son-la-law have fled. On both sides there have been sin
purrs killed; on the side of the civic guard, Melchior
Maw, of Zug, beadle, sad Chariot, baker. Order has
been perfectly restored: The two upper pies of the '
town and the college were occupied by the insurgents.
The civic-guard and the militia assembled at the lint
alarm. All the Ham of access to the college were forced,
sword hi hand. Carrari fell in boot of the college, pierced
with yells. Perrier was wounded at hie side, erre per-
sons soy slightly, others severely. The isaurgents at last,
radii,/ themselves surrounded and hemmed in en all
sides, s deed. A state of siege has been declared.