The Express.
London, England, 1849-10-29 00:00:00

bad drainage and other caws; 720 had filth or rub-
bish in the calm; 108 bad stagnant water on the
premises; 31 were found offensive from the deficiency
of dart bins; 448 had bad or deficient drainage; 109
had deficient or impure water; 1,126 had privies and
water closets in a very offensive stets; 4,608 had
privies in cellars; 4.389 had privies in the passages
and other parts of the hones; 152 privin were used
in common by more than one house; 223 cesspools
were found full of soil; 30 had burst or overflown ;
40 drains were found to be choked with soil."
Such is the report of one of the officers of
that corporation wh'ob, in the midst of all this
filth and nastiness, boasted twelvemonths ago that
the City of London, in regard to its sanitary arrauge-
meats, was unequaled by any place of its size is the
world. Leta rather say, with its wealth and ample
meats for sewing sanitary conditions, it is the dir-
tiest and most neglected portion of her Maintirre's
dominions. What is true, however, of the boasting
City is also true of its less arrogant aeighboors
around. The cholera found us in the midst of all this
neglect and dirt. and let no one suppose that at pre-'
sent anything like 'Solent measures have been taken
to remove these causes if disease. A change in
atmospheric conditions, and active medical superin-
tendence, have succeeded in en eating the pestilence;
but the putrid graveyard, the reeking sewer, the water
deficient in quantity and alive with impurity, with
the hundred other forms of cuisine*, still exist, and
demand, if we would avoid another visit of the de-
stroyer, prompt and efficient measures for their
removal.

From past experience we have no right to conclude
that trip cholera has finally, or even fora period of
several years, taken its leave. During the previous
epidemic it prevailed (in 1832) in the metropulis, Si it
ham done on the present occasion, daring the summer
months, and almost entirely disappeared in the
winter. It broke out regain with (quo intensity in the
' summer of 1833 ; and did notdisappear finally till the
au•amn of that year. In the same manner, at Paris,
it was there during the summer of 1848, and appeared
again at the some period of this year. We cannot
therefore calculate upon an immunity from a
re-sttack in the summer of 1850. But even could we
calculus on freedom from cholera next year, i•a put
history too truly forebodes that es long u men
neglect the natural conditions of health, so long will
it resume its destructive course over the world. Yet
if there is one fact more prominent in its history than
another, it is that it can be prevented by the removal
of its most obvious exciting and predisposing causes.
To this class ot facts belonir those numerous instances
amongst our public inetetuttons,as workhouses, prisons,
lunatic asylums, in which where only ordinary care
has been taken to supply fresh air, pure water,
and generous food, not a as of cholera has
occurred. Again, another class of facts is supplied
by thaw towns in which the cholera raged in 1832
and 1833, and where the inhabitants, duly impressed
with a sense of their danger, immediately set ab .ut
arrying out sanitary measures, which have resulted
in almost entire freedom from the disease during the
present epidemic. Of such places we may quote as
example Nottingham and Exeter. In Nottingham
in 1832 there were 1,100 eases of cholera, and 289
deaths, or one death in every 183 of the inhabitant,.
This, however, was the signal for sanitary reform
Water, which before bad been of bad quality, and
scantily supplied, was now procured from the Trent,
allowing from 18 to 20 gallons per head per day for
the whole population. The town was repaired and
drained. Public cemeteries away from the town were
opened, and the nuisances produced by various manu-
factures were abated. The result has been, that up
to the end of September, this year, only eight cases
of cholera had occurred. In Exeter the same gene-
ra improvements have been attended with a.most the
same beneficial results.

Nor should it be forgotten, that whilst we are keep-
ing away cholera, we are giving the most effective
checks to those diseases, each as typhus fever, small-
pox, scarlet fever, and measles, which, because they
are indigenous, seem scarcely to obtain our attention.
Yet the deaths from the diseases we have mentior ed
aloce are annually nearly as great as the mortality
from cholera, which has so recently alarmed us.

It seems strange that any community professing
the Cnristian creed *hosed need to hare urged upon it
the necessity of doing all that can be done to save its
members from death. The sacredness of human life
ought alone to be a sufficient motive, but such is the
-constitution of our nature that we cannot benefit
one another without being benefited in our
turn. If we put together the value of the lees of
time a-td the loss of life with all the ex-
pens-9 of attendance, funerals, and graves of the
persons who die during an epidemic of cholera, we
can form some idea of gain to a community by placing
against it the coat of those sanitary measures; which
would have prevented the disease. We believe that
it will be found universally tens that disease and
death from removable causes cost greatly more than
the removal of these causes. Nor should the suffering
and loss consequent upon the paralysis cf all business
during the alarm attendant upon the prevalence of an
epidemic be lost sight of, in our calculations. We
know nut how much suffering ha been produced, or
loss iroured, from this cause in London alone; but
it must have been enormous. For two months
scarcely any business has been transacted in Lotcl..n,
and many largo houses would have found it more pro-
fitable to Dare closed their concerns. Our places of
amusement were deserted. Our shops had no b -
mere; our hotels were empty; and, with ell the see
ligious feeling prevalent, our chores and
chapels exhibited but a beggarly account s.l
empty pews. Cabs aid omnibuses, coaches
and railways, all tell that the blight of the peed. nee
was cp:n them. There wu scarcely a town in the
kingdom, whether itself was the teat of cholera or
not, that d.d cot f el the influence of the impended
activity of London. Looking at these facts, we fel
that the mast extravagant estimate that could be
made of the cart of those sanitary reforms that wcula
would bare placed the metropolis in a condition to
resist the ravages of cholera, would have been small
comiared with the loss it has sus.aincd by its
presence.

A NOVEL RAILWAY TRAIN.-022 Wednesday et* r-
moo, an experiment hitherto unattempted, was made up: n
the 1111 and Belby Railway, for the purpose of teeth:a tie
efficiency of the method invented by Mr. Langdon, br con.
'fling the Chinn, collection from town to town by rail-
way. The trip was one of 4 'miles, from Hull to a eidin:
on: the line, and back. It was made with 9of the gLtentie
vane, containing about one-half of the collection, and was
perfectly suet, eel. The entire train, which is intended t a
leave this town on Monday morning, wilt c tisk or an ',line
and under. and 17 exhibit:am vans, suspended betweenll3
way tracks, and followed by a Ist and 2^.d-cfaes raileiwy ear.
rage, with horse-boxes and a luggage waggon. Esoh van
is about nine test three inches broad, and eleven lest three
i ashes high. Their average length is about 20 feet, two of
them b, log about 26 feet in length, and the other, about IS.
The tope of the van will be 12 feet above the upper relies of
liberal", between which and the bottom• of the vehich s will I
be igen et 9 inches. Bach van will be supported by four
iron rode, one at each corner, attached by joints to b10,,e,
seamed to the batten of the frame of the van, which tome
is made of atom oak. The upper end of each rod is to be
secured to a bearer eon:Fused of two deal ends, wring
upon the horns of the truck. The deals are fastened together
with Irv' rivets, in such asuman as to leave between the
timber slot-hole,, within which the rods easy traverse
nine inches to the right or the left. This is neceiseaiy to
enable the train to peas the platforms of the num. roes
stations on the entire line from Ball to Edinburgh. From
Hull to Newcastle: these will be all on the left side of the
train, and from Newcastle to Edinburgh on the right. The
,pace between the Avis of a first-clue carriage and the plat-
form of a s'ation is two inches, but the vans of this collection
being a very little wider than such carriages, if their emu,
were placed over the centre of the roils, their frames would
erne in contacceilth each platform. To obviate this, the
vane will be suspended so as to °yielding the rails a few
tech.@ more on one side than the other ; and the slot-. :ales
far the rods will allow of that overhanging being transferee
creel the fiats to the left, or vice versa. The change will.
hovel's?, have to he mado only once, vie., at Newcastle. The
entire leng.h of the train will he of a mile. The
buffer ie • very simple contrivance, e-eesisting of a single
batten, nine feet three inches long, Sea inches thick in dm
=Oilier, and tapering off to two Inches at each end, so as to
allow See inches curve—three inches would here been sofa
Cent. the draw-chains will pars under each truck, and be
secured to the bottom of each van by a etre g oate ee iron.
and tightened by means of a screw-swivel. The tears will
travel uls a special one, at • moderate spied. It le to retchl
Neweveild on Monday evening, and Edinburgh on the fate
laving trey. The dit:nce is about 260 ml!-s. The removal
of the colleetton by horses on the common road would h .ve
required upwards of sixty how., and would have ree the
preprietor shout 9001. ; by rail it wal occupy 7." och Its. rlisio,
and cost about one-sizih of the ca,ney. it t...k.ea be see, in
the Luger and snit: et s'eauser on the null end Lath line,
the removal would here occupied Sirs weeks.

POACHING AT NcTuALL PARE.—Oh Wedneedir
eresipir'
i the 17th inst., npwanbi of twent. men. u-arm
with
..bildgemsa, entered the path of Thomas E. ,a;
II maw, ha this cptinty, for the purpose of taking and de.
etroyhog pate, and at the same time tbr?arentut to murder
the /teepee. A liberal reward is offered fur their appreheit-
elon.—Nolinghso Mercury.