The Express.
London, England, 1847-09-11 00:00:00

and arbitrary measures of the authorities, which had
caused the arrest of a considerable number of per-
sons signalised for their liberal opinions. The people
assembled in considerable numbers, and with loud
cries demanded the liberation of the prisoners. The
troops were called out. This only augmented the
excitement, and swelled the numbers of the populace,
, who ran through the streets, crying " Vica Pie none"
and demanding the constitution of the rational
guard, and the immediate liberation of the prisoners.
At the guard-house of the palace the soldiers were
called out, and a threat was made to fire on the
crowd. The mass of the people thereupon retired,
but five young men remained impassible before the
bayonets of the guard. " Fire !!said said they to the
soldiers, "if yon have the courage to do so ! 'We are
here, not to insult our sovereign, but to ask the libe-
ration of our fellows." The officer on duty, struck
with admiration, ordered the soldiers to withdraw, and
merely advised the youths to address themselves to
the authorities.
- - -

The Doke of Lucca was at this time absent. The
Council of State assembled, and sent a deputation to
hiui to inform him of the popular movement.
Meanwhile the populace waited on the Piazza,
without dispersing, but showing the utmost tran-
quillity, it having been intimated that the (=well
was then in deliberation. The carriages which
took the deputation to the country villa where
the duke was staying, were escorted by a vast
number of the people, by whom they were compelled
to proceed at a foot's-pace. The answer of the prince
was to the effect that he would follow the example of
the Grand Duke of Tuscany, that he would grant the
liberty of the press, the national guard, and the
liberation of the prisoners. The cortege then, simi-
larly escorted, returned to Lucca, the people intoxi-
cated with joy and waving poplar branches. The
whole people assembled on the Piazza Grande
chaunted a Te Deum to celebrate the new era of
liberty which had commenced. The Corriere Liror-
nese, which in a supplement supplies these particulars,
says that nothing could exceed the enthusiasm pro-
duced on the arrival of the news in Pisa and Leghorn.
It is added that the grand duke published imme-
diately a proprio motu, in which he renewed formally
his verbal promises, and exhorted the people to rely
on the word of their sovereign.
Advices from the Calabrias represent the state of
the province as more and more alarming. Letters
quoted by the Semaphore of Marseilles represent the
insurgent forces as greatly increased. It is not only
in the ranks of the people that they are recruited.
The highest classes of society have also joined them.
This army already amounts to 2,700, of which 700
are cavalry. They have an artillery of 17 guns,
which are borne on mules, the character of the coun-
try net admitting of other transport.
Advices from Rome say that a circular has been
sent by the government to the commanders of all the
garrisons, containing detailed instructions as to the
measures they are to take in the event of
a foreign invasion. They are ordered to repulse
any troops which may enter the Roman territory, if
their numbers and force be not so superior as to
render that impracticable; that if they are
compelled to retreat before a superior force,
they are then to yield the ground foot by
foot, and only under an irresistible pressure;
and that in doing so they are to bring under their
guard the friends of the government, the civil volun-
teers, the bishops, and the archives of the state. That
if in such cases sufficient reinforcements shall arrive,

they are then to take the offensive.
The journals of the German states continue to sup-
ply odvices from Rome, which, although they are not
more recent than those received directly, are im-
portant, inasmuch as they present the Austrian ver-
sion of events. The Augsburg Gazette, under the
date of Rome, the 28th ult., says that the pontifical
government had received an answer from the cabinet
of Vienna to the protest of Cardinal Ciaechi. In this
answer the cabinet of Vienna is said to assert its
right of garrison under the treaty of 1815, but to ex-
press nevertheless regret that the measure was taken.
This appears not quite consistent with the article
we quoted some days since from the Austrian. 08-
serrer, yet it is strange that the discrepancy is not
noticed by the Augsburg Gazette, which also re-pub-
lished the same semi-official article from the Vienna
journal.
The German Journal de Frankfort gives, under the
date of Rome, the 27th ult., that the Pope had not I
only demanded the evacuation of the city of Ferrara,
but also of the fortresses of Ferrara and Comachio,
and has appealed to the protest of Cardinal Gonsalvi
and the ancient rights of the holy see.
The Weser Gazette, quoted by the Journal de Frank-
fort, gives the following curious communication under
the date of the frontier of Italy, 28th Aug. :
er Majesty the Duchess of Parma, now at Schott-
brunn, wishes to abdicate, and to pass the remainder
of her life with the imperial family. On the other
hand, the Duke of Lucca waits to give up hie little duchy,
and will receive in compensation the duchies of Puma, Pia-
centia, and Guastalla. This arrangement would put an end
to the pecuniary embarrassments of the house of Lucca, and
would, considering the state of agitation now existing in the
duchies of Parma and Lucca, relieve the sovereigns of these
two duchies from a very heavy load.

MADRID, Sim% 4.
The ministerial Orchestra, of whom Salamanca is
the real InHien, not caring to wait for their fictitious
leader, and unable any longer to keep in their itching
fiddle-bows, have all at once struck up a tremendous
overture, Salamanca in his white gloves waving
majestically the paper truncheon, symbol of his com-
mand, tool of his function. The drums beat, the
goagsclash, and at least attention is roused, although
the epicurean dilettante may sit sceptically curling his
I lip, in the conviction that no finer tones await hisearin
the after music. But no one can deny that the crash
is meritorious : and if the ministry were to be broken
up to-morrow it wouldatleastleave to the museum of his-
tory a fine rude torso. An ample and complete amnesty
—only think of that ! Even Cabrera may come back.
When he lands I doubt if, in the face of this noble
decree of Isabel, he will have the heart to give a shout
for "El Itey y la Religion." No : all to whom
this generous pardon has been presented,
all who will have, by its conditions, taken
the oaths of loyalty to the trustful, the young,
and fearless heiress of the throne of Castile,
will and must, like true Spanish caballeros, respect
that oath. Let Cabrera come. But a greater far
than he is coming. D. Baldomeso Espartero,
Use conqueror at Luchana, the pacificator at
Bergara, is, by decree in this day's Gazette, created
senator. Is the same decree all his titles, his mili-
tary rank—Duque de la Victoria y de 7ilorella,
capitan-genersl (oar field marshal of the army)
are acknowledged. Already this illustrious man,
having expunged the first syllable of the
" Ingrate patria," which he had assumed for
the device of his suspended shield, stands ready
to plant his foot on the threshold of his native
land, the country from whose humblest ranks he
mung, and whose grandest nobles he outtopped.
Nor will Espartero return to Madrid to assume a pri-
vate and obscure fortune. The meaning of his recall
from exile is to place his services at the disposal of
Spain, and that in the highest official rank which
he can hold. No doubt, for Espartero is re-
served this empty chair in the ministerial coun-
cil, this presidency which they say has been
offered to Ayllon and the Duke of Frias.
The good and brave man will not shrink at such a
moment from the duty of a true caballero. He will
respond to the call of his young Queen, and advance
his veteran shield before the throne. The ugly rout
of the Afranoesado conspirators at the first shout
which welcomes back the Pater Patrice will shrink
into their holes,
While the loud cock with echoing din,
Scatters the rear of darkness thin.

I fear this big vein with which the coffee-house
enthusiasm of Madrid and the lyrical articles of the
nnfactious portion of the Spanish press have infested
me will not be in mach keeping with the sober irony of
your articles de fonds. Bat one is lifted off one's legs
in the present whirl-windy state of the political at-
mosphere, despite of one's honest attempts to foot it
in the plainest prose ; and the [Faseous expansion
which has siezed upon all loyal minds buoys up the
most homely pen into dithyrambic paragraphs.
Another decree of great importance appears in the
Gazette, which I here give you :
1. The printing and publication of every writing in which
the private life of the Queen or King, or the marriage of
their majesties, is handled is hereby prohibited.-2. The
newspaper which infringes the preceding article shall be
suppressed, forfeiting the deposit necessary for its publica-
tion. It a pamphlet breaks the said rule, it shall be seized,
and the editor or printer shall Moir a fine of 60,000 reale.
Two other decrees name Concha captain-general
of Catalonia, and General Blaser director-general of
infantry.