The Express.
London, England, 1853-06-21 00:00:00

THE EXPRESS, TUESDAY EVENING, JUNE 21, 1853.

that the streets of London which converge towards
the City present a spectacle the like of which is to
be seen is no other town in Europe. At cer-
tain hours of the day motion along these lines is
not continuous, but consists of a series of pulsations.
It is no nnfrequent thing for vehicles to be twenty
or five-and-twenty minutes in traversing the dis-
tance from Bow Church to the terminus of the
Brighton Railway.

We are forced, then, at last, upon the uncomfort-
able conclusion that the increased facilities of loco-
motion actually have a tendency to augment the
difficulty of travelling in certain quarters.
Mr. FITZROY'S Bill, which ought to be regarded
as an unmixed boon, may, as far as the City of
London is concerned, tend to increase an evil that
deprives the traveller of the benefit he expects from
his drive. It will cause a fuller stream to set in to-
wards a choked up drain. The moral to be derived
from these considerations is, that there will be little
use in improving and multiplying our hackney car-
riages unless we at the same time improve and
multiply our roads. And a little more reflection on
the same subject will lead us to the conviction
that even this latter remedy will be ineffec-
tual unless we increase the number of our free
bridges. Every street improvement that facilitates
the approach to London-bridge makes the possi-
bility of a stoppage there more imminent. If you
stop up one end of a pipe you gain nothing by pour-
ing additional water into the other end. At present
the entry to the City is like the fabulous descent to
the ancient infernal regions. It is excessively easy;
the difficulty is, when once in, to find an exit. The
inhabitants of London had nearly the same means
of communication between the right and left banks
of the river when their numbers were a few thou-
sands, and their commerce a . mere trifle, as
now, when the population is two millions and a half,
and thefr commerce extends over the whole world.
Look at any of the non-commercial capitals of the
inland states of Europe, and you will see that the
petty streams intersecting the cities are traversed by
innumerable bridges. It is disgraceful to the City
and the Government that nothing has been yet done
to bring up our condition in this respect to a level
with that of cities whose wants are as nothing corn-
pared with our own. Unless the two banks of the
river are connected by more bridges, and those which
at present exist are thrown open, the benefit derived
from the improvement in our thoroughfares, and the
increase in the number of our hackney carriages, will
be half lost. The widened streets will but entice us
to a blocked-up thoroughfare, and the new carriages
conduct us to a dead lock.

Tim actual declared value of our exports to Turkey,
including Wallachia, Moldavia, Syria, and Palestine,
to which we yesterday referred, was in 1850,
3,113,679!., exceeding the value of our exports to any
other country in that year, except the Hanseatic
towns, Holland, and the United States of America.
The Hanseatic towns took 6,755,5451. from to ; Hol-
land, 3,542,632/. ; and the United State., 14,891,9611.
France only took 2,401,9561. ; Brazil only 2,544,837!..
Russia only 1,454,7711. ; and Austria only 607,7551.
As far as our trade is concerned, Turkey is of more
interest to us than any other empire or kingdom of
the world, except the three States above
mentioned. It is the fourth from the top
of all the foreign countries with which we
carry on trade. Our trade with Turkey, too, is re-
markable for the rapidity with which it has in-
creased. In 1831 it amounted only to 888,6541. ; in
1841, to 1,647,3541.; and in 1850 to 3,113,6791. On
the average of three years, 1831-3, it was
941,1921.; and on the average of the three years
1848.50, it was 3,053,5521. It is, therefore, a steadily
increasing trade, and is an index to the growing
interest we have in the prosperity of Turkey, and to
the manner in which that country has increased in
wealth. For all these commodities it annually paid,
and must have produced a corresponding increase of
commodities. Oar trade with Russia and Austria since
1830 affords no similar proof of their progress, and
from it we might infer—which we believe would
not be far from the truth—that they, in this period,
have been nearly stationary. The average declared
value of our trade with Russia and Austria was as
follows :

Russia. Austria.
1831-3
1848.60

Thus while our trade with Turkey has more than
trebled in 20 years, with Russia and Austria it has
been almost stationary ; and so we believe have been
those two Christian and military Empires, while at
least the Christian subjects of the SULTAN have made
as rapid a progress as any people we know of, except
our free people and their descendants.
Of our trade with Turkey, the two provinces which
the Cass is about to devour possess nearly one-
tenth. In 1850 the declared value of our exports to
Moldavia and Wallachia was 294,6011., and it had
increased to that sum from 195,1541. in 1846,—the
earliest date of the Parliamentary returns before 'us
in which the trade with these two provinces is dis-
tinguished. Later than 1850 the detailed Perlis-
' mentary accounts of our own exports are not pub-
lished, though we are now in the middle of 1853 ;
but from the great increase of our exports in 1851,
in 1852, and in the first four months of 1853,
and from the fact that our imports of
grain and wool have latterly been very great
Ifrom all the countries on the Mediterranean and
Black Sea, we may infer that a large proportion of
Ithe increase in our exports has gone to Turkey, in-
cluding the Principalities. We know that between
1846 and 1851 the trade with them increased very
much. We have seen that by our export' ; and
their exports to England in grain alone increased,
between 1816 and 1851, from 52,863 qrs. of maize
only from Oalatz to 346,232 qrs. of different kinds of
grain, of which 35,368 was wheat ; and from
Ibrails, the Port of Wallachia, from 6,881 qrs.
of grain to 387,475 qrs. in 1851. There is
no more thriving and industrious body of
Hnerchants in England than the Greeks who
carry on the larger portion of this trade; and their
continued and increasing success is the proof that
the trade flourishes and extends. Were the prospe-
rity of the two provinces impeded or injured by
'Russian occupation, we should lose a large growing
trade, which contributes in no inconsiderable degree
to employ and feed our people.
It must be noticed that the larger portion of this
trade,—nearly all the settled, regular, and increasing
traffic in grain from those provinces, and from
other parts of Turkey, has grown up since
we adopted the principles of Free Trade.
It is the consequence, therefore, of that
freedom which the CZAR, and all his advisers,
hate and dread. Our modern policy has had no
similarly beneficial influence on Russia, because it
there found no corresponding freedom. It has been
said, and with some plausibility, that the CZAR'S policy
respecting Turkey has been dictated by a wish and a
determination to create a pretext for occupying the
Principalities. He cannot be insensible to the dan-
gerous influence of the increasing prosperity of the
Nloldavians, the Wellachians, and the Christians
generally, under the comparatively mild and lax rule
of the SULTAN, over his own little prosperous, little
progressive, and severely ruled Russians; and he
may be actuated by a design to stifle a prosperity he
dreads, and strike, in the Principalities, a blow at that
freedom which, if suffered to grow, will some day
, subvert his own despotism.

That our Interest requires us to counteract so
ti
y and dishonest a policy as that of the Emperor
Russia cannot be for one moment doubted. At
same time great caution is required not so to
iaterfcro as to mar the prosperity and disturb too
greatly the peace the world now enjoys. We must
take care to make all the peaceful and prosperous
people of the Principalities, of the other portions of
Turkey, and of every part of Europe, thoroughly sen-
sible that he is in the wrong; that no ambition of
ours, no desire to meddle with our neighbours, no
design to interfere with any just an& laudable object
he might have in view, induces us even to remonstrate
against his proceedings. After conquering peace
for Europe, Great Britain has firmly maintained it
for thirty-eight years, in spite of many exciting and
threatening

She has is the same
period shown all Europe the way to prosperity and
freedom. All the old suspicions entertained against
her, of provoking war for the purpose of securing a
predominance for her trade, must now be for ever
annihilated. With peace, her trade has extended
more rapidly than ever, and she has spread a por-
tion of her own prosperity over many lands. She is
the fast friend of peace, of freedom, and of trade ;
she is now active only to secure them. Nearly all
the world require them ; and the Itussian CUR, who
disturbs them, must surely enlist against him the
most enduring desires of mankind.