The Express.
London, England, 1849-11-23 00:00:00

will tab few

immature •
wooden her;

dims=rang
will benne -
et soap amp=
menu aa

if excise restrictions
all tending to expedite
tare and sinsequatly to
It le OW this essp k is the
wan mud pressed le tee the duty. At petard he
* dem this nummeemeet exclusively ; the aot pro-
'VW did• IS cable inches when h*. and 27 14
eh* sold, *II be donned and taken to be a pound
weight of bud soap.' Bat In addition to Ibis there
is an excise regalatson intended to regulate the 9ua-
lily
of soap, which operates in the most prejudicial
manner cm the poor. The act provides that "if any
hard map shall be found to be of a greater specific
gravity than the gravity of 1.05 within forty-
eight hum after being oat up, each
soap shall be subject to as increased rate of
duty.' Now, in the cuss of the best card
or mottled soap, it is Ins difficult to mime this
standard ; bat in preparing the lower-priced soaps—
yellow seep, and that lowest denotninatioa of soap
called, from its colour, nigra soap !—it will very cites
occur that the specific gravity is unintentionally ex-
ceeded. What is the effect of this P Nothing less
than to impose an extra duty of 30s. a ton upon soap
manufactured bar tt e poor--the soap which already,
in peoportion to the oat of the raw material, has paid
coed- dirably the largest amount of duty.
It will naturally he said, " Why not re-manufacture
any soap which exceeds the standard!" Nothing,
certainly, would be more simple—if the excise gee-
milted it. But ones in the frame, the duty moat be
paid. if you boil up
i again, yon must pay the duty
over again. Ot enrol this s impossible. The slight-
est error, therefore, in the manufacture—the produc-
tion of a soap with a specific gravity of 106 instead
of I.o3—will render the manufacturer liable to the

penalty of the extra duty.
The smaller manufacturers are frequently liable to
mishetenes in the course of manufacture. They have
no chemists at their elbow to advise and direct them.
Their own practical skill alone guides them in the
composition of their soap. It consequently happens
very often that they turn out a °upper full of soap
into their frames which is very inferior in quality to
that whisk they intended to prodnoe. The mistake,
however, is irretrievable. They are not allowed to
boil up their soap again, and endeavour to improve it.
Soft soaps are often turned oat which are absolutely
valueless. Nevertheless, the manufacturer must pay
the duty, which is, in web ease. nothing mote than a
panishasent for his misfortune.
Within a specified number of days after the soap
has been put into the frames, the act of parliament
requires it to be cat up. The Excise regulate even
this process. Soap must be cut into bars not ex-
eliding 16 inches long, and no piece of soap shall be
mat out of lees than a pound in weight, under a
ipenalty of 1001. and forfeiture. If an ignorant work-
man happens to make a single bar a quarter of an
inch longer than the standard, ever y atom of soap in
the warehouse is forfeited, and instances have becal
Mown where each a penalty has been enforced.
All the "scraps and parings, and pieces of soap,'
hand in the factory, are obliged, under a penalty at
601. and forfeiture, to be returned into the copper and
boiled up again. The " scrape and parings, and
pieces of soap," oonsequently. all pay duty a mend
time, at thereto of fourteen gainer.. a ton ! Ostanali-
My to meet this the Excise allow a deduction of ten
per cent. for was'e upon the measurement of " mot-
tled soap only." But when you calculate the quantity
which is spiL4d, the leakage of the frames, the m-
alleable map at the top, the refuse at the bottom et
thee, sad the waits in cutting into bars, it is toler-
ably skim that this allowance is anything bat ex-
travagant.
We have now, we believe, carried the reader
through the process of manufacture, and have shown
him, as far as it is possible to do so, the every-day
impediments and obstructions which the excise law
offers. There are, of course, a vast variety of is&
dental points, the character of which may, perhaps,
be best detailed by one or two i,lustrations.
If a copper bursts, the Act pr:.vides that it shall be
lawful to remove the soap it may contain on giving
immediate notice to the exciseman. There was a case
some time ago in which a copper burst and let some
20 tons of soap run rapidly away. It was at night.
The exciseman had gone to bed with his keys in his
pocket. The manufacturer took the natural canne—
-1 wrenched off the copper lid, and began to ladle out
his soap. When the Exciseman came, he declared a
seizure of the who e; and it was not without diffi.tulty
Ithat the manufacturer escaped the penalty.
Some years ago, the floors of an old-established
seaphoase gave way under the weight of the frames,
et which there were ar unusual number full. As
immense quantity of soap wee spoiled. The manures-
tears petitioned the excise for a return of the duty
paid upon this soap, at that time 281. a ton. The
Excise replied that they could not set a precedent by
returning duty under any circumstances, and the
amatecturers were obliged to bear the loss.
Ithe obstructions offered to improvements are is-
senesivable. Since 1833 numerous patents have bees
tikes oat for improvements in tlit manufacture of
asp, not one of which it has been possible success-
filly to work. About the year 1839 the Messrs.
HAwas took out a patent for making seep by a cold
proems, The effect of this mode of manufacture
would have been a great saving in the cost of pro-
&Woe, by. saving all the fuel and labour
used In boiling. The soap, however, when pro-
demi, wee a solid soap, and consequently it
midi tot be run into the frames. The
Beebe closes refused to gauge the soap except in
frames, and the supervisor on being appealed to said,
"Oh, this is not soap at all—this is a substitute."
The tent war consequently obliged to be aban-
N.B. A soap made by the French by this
very peens is new selling at every west-end shop in
Leak" and, although subject to a heavy Customs
duty, is competing successfully in our own market
with soap of English manufacture.
Under such restrictions as these no one will think
it wonderful that the soap trade is a failure : no one
will be surprised that that large and spacious factory
which for more than half a century may be said to
have been the very seat of the manufacture, has been
finally end completely abandoned and dismantled.
Thaw who remain in the trade have for the most
part given themselves up to black despair. Weakened
by the failure and seviision of 53 many of their
brethren, they regard any renewed attempt to remove
the evils order which they labour as absolutely hope.
less. We have undertaken, however, to lay their
came base the public ; and we trust the public will
resolve that this enormity shall no longer be por-
e* Pts"-
of
--- - -

A TIMDna MaIMEIA3II.—On Saturday evening last,
a man, beam& like • derrar, called at the house of • poor
imaustriees Rat, NM* is the
et vitiate: Sutton Dominat-
es% elithe mate Tam, 'Miss • e could fled him and
W eau ledgitp, as be beg bought a quantity of timber
of 3. H. Chasaberiais, Req., of lEsgerorth, and they were
=1:1.010 begin to fell Si et Monday morning. Altar a few
be was tafermed that he could have lodgings for
eimteM tad se the ma was not present, lodgings might be
ebeidaed Ix him by Mods, . As he was very tired, he said
be thvald watt to occupy his lodging that
algid, sad he drew him chair towards the fire,
sad mitred into familiar eionversation with his landlord,
with the greatestfroid, inform's( him that all
that timber lying at the " ZoWs Mills" was 64, and that he
had bought several large trees of Mr. Marshall After
this ocaversatios, be messed to be supplied with a little
=srltem his beet's week's beef informing him that
hie sea seat, they should !nits a ditch of Incas,
tad thee he would ropey him, Mille, him that, as he was
short of potatoes, he would brit( him a rack, with some
exceilset theses at barman* per posed ; and before he
west away be elheuld make him a present of a small pig,
pigsty at Imam These were flee promises for
pirarialireasy, whets efreamstances are like nato many
mere of his aloft set very flat rate and the timber mer.
Mast hula/ tfted the panes of busier, retired to rest
About onus ego& la the inertias, he got to, requested
to be famished with a basket, to fetch some beef and
ether pasehims is, and me was lest him. After which
be thaseesael that his asse ey was all in t, notes," and wh-
etted kis lemillerd Mimi him " two *Wiliam I" till he got
Meng& Tbs leight_presposta that bad been held oat to
Tamp ever Malit, bad NM wild from his mind, and =
es-
Oa " better times were mating," be complied by
Me ledgethalfa-erows, having arida, less by him
—whim albs Wire started; end it is needless to my, he
has sot rellaellthidther with beilost, mom, Isom fira
He is about yuin ef ege,ahli appeared to walk m
lame.
Dltsre emu, but Mated that he sum from
Cud* • tam arrereriag the above daeuiption,
a at Therm near Loughborough, a
frlogras ago. la thatmes premised Is supply his host
with a beg disalt.Dati Moors

. . ,
nil Bersetdalle if
, .
boreal r allow that, at the
o op:Knurls 162
47. The deis
t & st whisk
,i 'delta 14. The
nista sad irlita= so
at Powtersais. cad
.as umber is bra. „ beim alto-
periciaipiriiiissisiwitla ONO splodkeinetis hese& el
tudoleylieeliumelioist. therefore. bt W
sad the !bile la Weals there see lusstrefts
WWI Missile _sileliso is 'restive, whisk esssloy
wee.
1,441 AMMO hie silo II awelise Ihsteries, is
whidl sod IN bomb are implored. Is
1211111 s use two beers hesseies with 6,1•2
sad WS Moe (as zips wad Boesadel, 2
Vile& flip.). The reessieles 91 &stork=
di
ear/ man, sad employ slossetlese only 43,220
sad 40 heeds. The 41 isModes la the Miss peeving,
imer NNW spindles and SASS bads. .
mei swabs, of sylwebe is gierstm is the La-
vinia Is, seceedisi to Von Disterisi 816,000 1 of which
Saxony °was 641" sad Prude 170;433; asking a total
of 712,301 fee these two states aloes.
The artiste is the Bereenholl• eon/ludo, by ashibitiog a
genera view of the amber et spinals at weak ia various
ports of die world
Grist Britain...—. 1 ,liirreLßOSO
New
17=11ber•40631141Anaing 'Mint
2,
000
is len
MEOW

SPINNING IN

zoos

Cliviag a total at 2%96;000

mar fly. days to mi. aoaredisll to do STATISTICS OF COTTON
,of the weather. The rem oat of tti. PRUSSIA.
is
as from the solid soap . lionerser. a , ..1•-....-
a : whilst the metallic hale be ea ar- ."" ex the . follOwlaf Rom
. ;
by loosing a single • • . ides . , : .
I immediately detached. „„.• „„ , ' repels , _ statis4: en
Lnt, mom There =- . . 'el the year , them hta
lis this • ' ' '14.1.6.1.T.‘ . --.......-:
estrietisas were removed •
I • asp et 1i t • the proms. of the mama,. yrmisosslAN "le zoo is au sir. mu p"stislig
meopmatly to cheapen this Psis* of soap. aalakeirdag flaisdel gis Nana
a SI MID ill IA the hams that the wide-the preitesse Sammy tit:
As slaty,.