The Express.
London, England, 1846-09-03 00:00:00

1 AND HIS

—The

manatee has requested us to insert his contra-
tent made in a contemporary journal. M a
inyolved, we cannot hesitate to do so ; but
a portion of his letter, which had not a
the point at issue :
of the Timm.— Mr, should have takes
extract from • Pram\ peer yesterday,
Vii,landbailey. The story of Oe
ism ormomea h-
i*" bee; like cam Ilia bin In mar
her b pew, awl Pantry loy the am Yet
treyP &Geld be ow 7 pools be Loin ley
me My • dm. oweve make fhb
beedelas• tor • Mei l
imp whoa me. Yea
at lar Wabarier does sot WM pow kr as.
mot et the masks to
dionenaPllTltsl tert=true. I was in
Is stOmeges before the end of January. I
somehmes abmet every question of importance,
rseirOmmoses on Friday, when Parliament was
r see•mbea with the electors of Westnibster, I
eegq Memdless to thaw of the electors, at whose
kise beasarable and independent esertione I
aka' Watiadnater ; and I be leve they are mdis-
ming ray neat, I have acted according to their
Mite to my own convenience. Your insinuatione
• mire no answer. I cannot think that an
id a inane moect for the many brilliant and
e Trench nation need in the least diminish an
it bre of his own country.—Your obedient
rim nept. 2, 1844.
TENT FEMALE REFUGE.—This ingtitn-
Med close to Cambridge-heath, Hackney,

ial meeting last nightit the Penitentiary;
:spied by J. Dobie, Esq., supported by the
e Davis, Talbot, Tyler, and several other
ted with the neighbourhood. There were
iresent. After a prayer and a short open.
he chairman, the annual report was read
It stated that the present year was the
committee in annually meeting the friends
not to report the society in debt ; but that
here was now a balance, though a small
cf the bankers. The receipts for the year,
inted to rather more than 1,4701. Since
institution, 867 females had been admit-
' had left the institution only to take situa-
e families, while some had married, and
ditable situation in life. The cases of incor-
ters admitted, but discharged for that red-
ly few. At the commencement of the past
5 females in the institution ; 13 of whom
situations; 7 had returned hems to their
lends; 2 had been discharged as incorri-
left of their own accord ; leaving 38 at
he benefits of the establishment. The re-
I adopted, resolutions were moved and
ens appropriate to the occasion ; and, after
o the chairman, the meeting separated.
.LEGE.—Yesterday, the annual meet,
ion was held in the chapel adjoinin/4e
x haling been taken by G. T. Kemp, ~
r. Green, one of the secretaries, read e
h it appears, according to the testimony of
iy, Davis, Cox, the Revs. J. H. Hinton,
others, that the progress and attainments
▪ Chaldee, Syriac, -Hebrew, Greek, and
images, as also in the classiai, mathema-
ihilosophy, is of a most pleasing character,
to average of similar institutions. During
students have left the college, three of
ed on the exercise of their duties as saki•
n now in the college, to which must be
nter on their studies in the course of the
inking sixteen, being the whole number
f the finances will allow to be in gib
term of study is four years. The
nding in June, amounted 1,3141. las.
less than the expenditure. The
ted, the Rev. J. M. Soule, of Battersea,
if the United States, the Rev. W.W. Evans,
red the meeting, several resolutions were
meeting separated.
IMENT OFFICES AT WESTMINSTER.—
determined that the fronts of the Treasury
hal be altered to accord with the great Ins-
et the adjoining government offices towards
On Tuesday men were engaged in erecting
folding for the purpose.
IF THE WEEK.—The Regiatrar-Oene-
acre have been registered in the metropolis
which ended last Saturday 889 deaths.
give the average of that ofthe correspond.
Nix preceding years by 53. In looking for
ernes, attention is naturally directed to
pidenue ;" the severity of which is, how-
ase ; for although 128 persons are re
liarrhcea, and the weekly average of
f the last five summers is only 33, yet,
weeks the numbers were respectively, 1 ,
f the 128 fatal cases, not fewer than 105
is under 16 years of age.—The number of
last week are reported to be 693 males, and
U, 1,389.
/F SMITHFIELD MARKET.—SiIIOO the
tailing and regretaleg. hen Wm 1111)41104
rgement of Smitideid. market fewhl...t
least half Loading might be
rum the country, Aare dos lrky—g
Tke lois asemisasi lir
immure. A asmespeed.t at the
bulloeitsisellimes Isms eight atone, mare
p about a stone be quantity, besides inp2
he meat and to the hides and wool. Th.r,
,000 head of beasts and 4,000 sheep Mid
besides pigs and calves, it follow that the
e extreme. Even taking t half, the
e 6,000 stone of meat lost on one market,
I, at half a pound each, 96,000 people, lied
ket after market, would sustain some ran-
iof the year. Add to all this the driviss
the crowded thoroughfares of London is

T.,

Make*. eat flingersui' That a ameba har the
abgaillant isspgip ea. =sompos timid szlki.lakepee-
Anse et estaistry supply, no as Ma dealt; but k limb&
bed_ the sabarbs Bology
the
immed too
th e abelltian Inslaeld to the edarenteatrefn
11 a public aroma se daillhAsid math*.
11C
LONDON Doci.—Dedag dr lest three
Imaths the ledneel in this graft esemmundel mlehilebtassit
I:1*m I h.
Thigl4=l"trgrersgise re titre
basin, are now orserded with moor ot all
aeliasa The yardman, are oared with leek .t envy
sad a peel mszaher af bomber dna been 1
seserege at mereha ham
ndiss„ I
Ito semmtityol efoiC 'Mak tea, sugar, seism, wises, ash
dear is unusually lams ; Weed the warehouses were never
M aimed, some CM aneks• at the dock. Tb• immense
lea warehouses opened het esmoner are all ailed with theses
et tie, pdd Mews the aim. Asefees nage of ware.
Naas daubs Wight mail ihmsodoms an now build*, es
blot the isensain weals at the ten tide. For the lest all;
months there have bun, ea as ammo, 1500 antra man
employed in tbe daily mid this eadasalssiet employment Ms
Mowa great rids( to Ile leirgegepaleksa of p... labium
la the parishes at AL fleougeta-theßere, Ithadmill; Wag.
ping, Stepney, and AlAgate, and has caused a samiles akai
nation in the poor rates.
IMPORTATION OF CATTLE.—The Batavier Die
steam ship, which arrived yesterday morning at the
Katharine's Wharf, after • quick pale from Beems-
dam, landed 80 sheep, 70 oxen, 29 ealw, and a large sms '-
thy of German yeast.
PonioN Branktii.—lt is said that excessively strong
serps is an antidote to roll rowwa.
THE NEW PAYMENT IN FLEET-ITTREET.--The
above pavement, which would, it was boasted, last twisty-
les years, has sot answered thirexpeetation of the pahho.
Although ally laid down a few days, the centre of the street
from Gosling's Bank to St. Dunstan's Church, has, in many
places, sunk very much, which will in a few days stop the
thoroughfare between Chancery-lane and Fetter-lane again.
But for this the whole of Fleet-street would have been com-
pleted by to-morrow.
A PICTURE OF FLEET-STREET.—WO understand
that the west front of Tempie-bar is to be adorned with
cartoon, co • of a fresco of the French picture of the
sentinel thus ' Napoleon :—" On ne passe pas
iei !"—Piosch.
B.

FAlL—This annual Saturnalia is
virtually abolished • the enormous rents required by the
City authorities, together with the restrictions imposed upon
the booth and show-keepers by the police, Lave rendered
Bartholomew Fair anything but a profitable speculation.
Yesterday there was no preparation whatever for holding •
fair, though we believe it is to be proclaimed as usual by the
Lord Mayor this day.
DREADFUL ACCIDENT. Yesterday morning, an
accident of a most dreadful character occurred to a lad
named Samuel Cooper. aged fifteen years whose friends
reside at Mill-pond-bridge, Bermondsey. It appears that
the unfortunate boy was employed at the King and Queen
Ironworks, Rotherhithe, and while engaged in the planing-
room, some portion of the machinery caught his trousers,
which drew his right leg between the works. His screams
brought the workmen to his assistance, who stopped the
engine, but not before the poor fellow's leg was most fright-
fully torn and mutilated. He was immediately carried to
Guy's Hospital, where he was promptly attended to by the
surgeon connected with the institution. The poor lad is
progressing as favourably as can be expected.
VISIT OF THE GREENWICH NAVAL SCHOOL TO
TEN SURILIY GARDENll.—Yesterday afternoon all the boys
belonging to the Royal Neal School at Greenwich visited
the Burrey Zoological Gardens. Upwards of 200 arrived in
the Sylph steamer at two o'clock, when they formed into
columns, headed by their youthful band, and proceeded along
the Blackfriars-road, London-road, to the gardens, followed
by an immense concourse of people. Lieut. Kong, the
governor, and the other officers, were in attendance. They
remitted i the gardens until six o'clock, when they returned
to Greenwich.

CHINESE BRICKS.—Some time since the arrival of
cargo• of bricks from China was announced. We now find
that a parcel of bricks which had been imported into the port
of Liverpool b 7 a vessel called the Annie, from Bhanghae
which were originally reported by the master of the vessel
as being for exportation, are to be landed. The parcel com-
prises the large number of 15,000, and bean good our former
remark with respect to the importation of bricks from China
kr actual use in this country for the general purposes to
viiieh they are applied. The importations which now take
place from foreign and frequently distant parts of the world
are so varied and remsrkable as continually to call for especial
notice. _ .

INQUESTS HELD YESTERDAY.—By Mr. Baker, at
the Three Jolly Butchers, Tottenham, touching the death
of Charles Lee, aged 30, who was found hanging to a ladder,
as mentioned yesterday. The deceased had been coachman
he the service of Mr. Rouse, proprietor of the Eagle Tavern,
= iiervegdeeri, but had quarrelled with his mistress, and she had
him. He was heard to say that he should
sever get another situation. Verdict—" Found dead."—
JO Mr. William Carter, at the Huntsman and Hounds,
Park-place, East-lane, Walworth, on Francis Mewl'', aged
iiy years, • costermonger, lately living in Park-row, East-
lose. The body gave unmistakable testimony of extreme
destitution. His wife deposed that in consequence of ill
health and the want of employment, they had suffered great
privation, being often in the want of the common necessaries
of life. The witness was hardly able to stand, which she
assured the coroner and jury arose from the want of proper
nourishment. (She was allowed to sit, and received a glass
of wine.) That the only means they had of living were by
selling and pawning theu goods, tic. They had not tasted
any meat for three weeks, and the only food they had was a
little bread and tea daily, for witness, the deceseed, and three
children. On Monday morning last the decealed went out
in search of work, and returned about 11 o'clock, very ex-
hausted and weak, and after a short time he was seized with
a fit. Witness became alarmed, and called in a neighbour,
who raised the deceased from the ground, but he was quite
insensible. A surgeon wee sent for, but life was quite extinct.
A juror—Why is it you did not make an application to the
parochial officers ? Witness (crying bitterly)—Because my
husband would rather put up with anything than dn so.—
Brookee;tbe relieving-o May, said he had known the deceased
for some years, he was a very sober steady man, but latterly
he had been much reduced.—" Death from natural causes."
The jury expressed great sympathy for the unfortunate
family, and raised a subscription in the inquest-room to relieve
their immediate wants, which was headed by the coroner.
By Mr. Baker, at the London Hospital, on the body of Ellen
Geary, aged 22. The evidence of several witnesses proved
that, in a state of intoxication, she began fighting with
several persona, at a late hour in the evening. The object of
her anger was a female, named Catherine Gillespie, and
while they were struggling together, they fell heavily on the
ground, the deceased undermost, and sustaining a serious
injury on her head. She was removed to the above hospital,
where she died from erysipelas, the effects of the injuries she
had received. Verdict accordingly.—By Mr. C. J. Carttar,
at the Duke of Swum: Tavern, Woolwich, on the body of
Francis, a convict, aged 32. Deceased had been sentenced
to 15 years transportation, and having served eight of that
period at Bermuda, had been sent home for good conduct,
and was in expectation of receiving • free pardon. He was
assisting in putting stores on board the Sidon, off the Dock-
yard, on Saturday last, and whilst lowering a coil of rope
Into the hold, deceased and the boatswain were precipitated
into the engine-room, • depth of 16 feet. Deceased's skull
was fractured, and he died at one P.M. the next day. Verdict
—" Accidental death."
THE SMALL DEBTS ACT contains 143 provisions
and 4 schedules. It may be regarded as an experiment in
litigation for sums not exceeding 201., and will b' put in
force in a few places at fret, to ascertain its practical opera-
tion. It would seem that the new law will not affect the
Palace Court, which possesses a jurisdiction to 201., as it is
not considered " one of her majesty's superior courts of
record ;" but, with regard to the superior courts, persona
bringing actions alter the passing of the act (28th of August),
" for which a plaint might have been entered in any court
holden under this act, are to be liable, under certain cir-
cumstances, to the payment of accts. Some very difficult
points may possibly arise under the provision, seeing that her
Majesty, with the advice of her Privy Council, is to order the
act to be put into operation, and that any order made for
the purposes of the act is to be published in the London
Gazette, and notice of the intention of her Majesty to
take into consideration the propriety of making any
such order shall be published in the London Gazette
one calendar month at least before any such order shall
be made. The primary object of the act was to prevent
the denial of justice which existed in respect to claims
under 201., as in innumerable cases the emits exaseded the
debt, and insolvency resulted, and in ether owes blame
escaped with impunity because of the expense of the remedy
proposed.
ißy the 58th section the jurisdiction of the
county court s to extend to "debt or damage" of not
more than 201., whether on balance or otherwise, with the
exception, among others, of actions for malicious prose-
cution, libel, dander, criminal conversation, seduction, or
breach of promise of marriage ; but false imprisonment
and assault cases are not excluded : and by another provi-
sion the parties to the action, their wives, and all other persons
may be examined. By the 78th section, all forms of pro-
cedure to be used in the county courts under this act, with
the general rules for regulating the practice and proceed-
ings of the same, are to be framed by the judges of the
superior courts of common law at Westminster. As the
rules will take some time to frame, and notice must be
given of the intention of the government to enforce
the act in a particular county, • month or two
must necessarily elapse before it can be put into
operation. It is provided by the 129th clause that
if any action shall be commenced in any of the superior
courts of record (other than those actions speeilled), kr any
cause for which a plaint might have bests sedered is any
court under the act, and a verdict be fossil he the plaintiff
for a rum less than 201., if the said aides be boded on con-
tract, or less than 61. if it be founded on tart, the plaintiff
shall have judgment to recover the NOM wily ass& as code ;
and if a verdict shall not be Mei fer the the de-
fendant shall be entitled to Ids sests,es betimes ellerney
and client," unless is Alm sem the judge who shell try the
cause shall certify on the bock at the record that tie attics
was fit to be brought in such superior court." The bas to
be charged are specified in a miodule, and are or a very
limited character. Whatever Mileultirie may arise In the
operation of the act, ea ettempt bas been made to bring mat-
ters on claims to MC to a very narrow extpeati and, by
selecting a lber please at the oomtmeeellefit, will be Neal
in what name. it ears babe** es to into Mee the
eh* re-
recommendatiss order mama Mr
ported on the _ dottier be &Me 101.
COPTRIOI4I="T rigusud—mit 61eastte
of Tuesday oeidelas an Order et Oir=bilmitil Aisne t 7,
setting forth tali • treaty has bees Wisest Her
Majesty sal Majesty the King of PMMIlik Mil=mites
protection has bees secured within the Perlin

L _.

HE EXPRESS, THURSDAY I

biski.desMoile works, CC alwathi sees.
NA dr aredene. arrears, ot engravers Orebro
estes ef seertees, art re athors, lamer% all-
=ow esaravaeoel say ether weeks whatsoever et lies
sad sheds, ia mid& the lawe el Greet Mier
ma of Prussia do sew or soy loreaarrre their respostlve
telosels the privaw ydok eelering that. haft and
Ite La day effsprolUdolso aetheas. iewasion,
aorearean sad rare of Weirs pears. ardeiss of
dramatic works, resisel erepritioes, and any
ether works alliterative and dm Mae arta, ne which the laws
of Great Britain give to British subjects the privilege of copy.
right, and arigns of soak anther, lavestees, designers,
veleadoaduas,respeedver lad, IS respects worl:sula
withia the doeninionsef Pr
of after the said Ist
Cy of Sept., 1846, have the privilege of ht therein for
a period equal to the term of copyright w authors, in-
ventors, designers, engravers, and makers of the like works,
respectively, first published in the United Kingdom, are by
law entitled to; provided such books, dramatic pieces, mu-
sical compositions, prints, articles of sculpture, or other
works of art have been registered, and copies thereof
have been delivered according to the requirements of the
said recited act, within twelve months after the first pub
Urethan thereof in any part of the Premien dominions.
And further ordering that the authors of dramatic pieces
and musical compositions which shall, after the said let
of September, 180, be first publicly represented or per-
formed within the dominions of Prussia shall have the
sole liberty of representing or performing in any part of the
British dominions RICO dramatic pieces or magma composi-
tions, during a period equal to the period during which
authors of dramatic pieces and musical compositions first
publicly represented or performed in the United Kingdom
are entitled by law to the sole liberty of representing or per-
forming the same ; provided such dramatic pieces or musical
compositions have been registered, and copies thereof have
been delivered according to the requirements of the said
recited act, within twelve calendar months after the time of
'heir being first represented or performed in any part of the
Prussian dominions. Another act of the council, of the
same date, in respect to this treaty, orders, that from and
after the litday of September, 1846, in lieu of the duties of
customs now payable upon books, prints, and drawings, pub-
lished at any place within the dominions of Prussia, there
shall be payable only the duties of customs following—that
ts to say—On books originally produced in the United King-
dom, and re-published at any place within the dominions of
Praia, a duty of 21. 10s. per hundred weight. On books
rehadied or republished at any place within the dominions
et Prussia, and not being books originally produced in the
United Kingdom, • duty of 15s. per hundred weight. On
prints and drawings, plain or coloured, published at any
Dl within the dominions of Prussia, single, each, id.;
bound, or sewn, the dozen, 1 id.
A NEW RAILWAY SIONAL.—A new railway signal,
invented by Mr. J. li. Dutton, and intended to afford a
certain and speedy mode of communication between the
guard and driver of a train, was tried on Tuesday on the
Eastern Counties Railway during a trip made especially to
exhibit the same from London to Romford. The contrivance
is simple enough, and consists of a small copper tube, about
one inch in diameter, attached to the bottom of the engine
and each carriage in the train. On the engine, and on each
carriage where a guard is seated, an upright tube communi •
fates with the longitudinal one beneath. This tube is sup-
plied with a small brass whistle and mouthpiece. A train
tenanting of twelve carriages would probably have two
guards, one stationed on the last carriage, and one about the
middle of the train. The guard on the last carriage wishes
to bring the train to a sudden stand, for this purpose he
blows through the mouthpiece attached to his upright tube
taking care, at the same time, by raising a small brass lever,
to render quiescent the action of his own whistle. The
attrition of the driver and second guard is immediately ar-
rested by the sound of the whistles attached to their respec-
tive tubes, the steam is shut off, the breaks applied, and the
train stopped. The chief advantage which Mr. Dutton's
invention appears to possess over others of a somewhat simi-
lar nature which have preceded it, is the placing the whistle
at the extremity of the tube instead of near the mouthpiece,
through which the air enters. The trial yesterday was with
a Main of twelve carriages, and we believe the experiment
was considered, so far as it went, perfectly satisfactory. The
break between the is supplied by an elastic wire
and India rubber tube, which is fitted and detached with
great facility. The expense of the signal, Mr. Dutton states,
will not exceed 30s. per carriage.—Morning Post.
A FRENCHMAN'S SKETCH OF ENGLISH MANNERS.—
The English never expand in society ; they seem to reserve
all their spirit*, and all their good qualities for Mau—for"
in-doors." It requires all the genial warmth of the do-
mes is fireside to dissolve the crust of ice, which envelopes
them, when abroad in the world. In their own little cote-
ries, you will often find them good and agreeable ; and is
the closet, the pen in their hands, they are often brilliant,
often full of pathos or of humour. But they do not know
how to talk. They are never at ease in the presence of a
stranger ; except, perhaps, when the bottle has been freely
passed at the dinner-table : but these are generally shallow-
pated fellows, from whom nothing is to be learnt. You see
them always hampered by that bane of English life, la mock
—the fear of being outof fashion—the thraldom of the coteries.
When conversing with an Englishman you often read IS his
face that he thinks more than he says, that he ho Ideas
which he will not express. It is generally the best, the sleet
profound, the most intellectual part of himself, which he re-
serves for his intimate friend, for his wife, or for his mistress;
but he rarely pays this homage to society.— L'lnde Anglois
par le Coast* di Warren.
THE GOOSE DEPENDED.— It is a great libel to
accuse a goose of being a silly bird. Even • tame goose
shows much instinct and attachmeut ; and were its habits
more closely observed, the tame goose would be found to be
by no means wanting in general cleverness. Its watchful-
miss at night time is, and always has been, proverbial ; and it
certainly is endowed with a strong organ of self-preservation.
You may drive over dog, cat, hen, or pig; bat I defy you to
drive over a tame goose. As for wild geese, I know of ao
animal, biped or quadruped, that is so difficult to deceive or
approach. Their senses of hearing, seeing, and smelling,
an all extremely acute ; independently of which, they appear
toot in so organised and cautions a manner when fee id og
sir sicistiwg, as to day all danger. Many a time has my ut-
astt caution been of no avail in attempting to approach
these birds ; either a careless step on a piece of gravel, or an
eulidatoesft wind, however light, or letting them perceive the
portion of my person, has rendered useless whole
hours of manoeuvring.— Wild Sports of the Highlands.
SPONTANEOUS SOUNDS IN IRON AND STONE.—
Singularly illustrative of the muck disputed property
affirmed by the ancients of the sound emitted at sunrise by
the statue of Memnon, in Lower Egypt, is the singular
phenomenon of sound occasioned by the vibration of soft
iron produced by • galvanic current. It was first discovered
by Mr. Sage, and since verified by the observations of a
tench philosopher, M. Marian. The experiments were'
made on a bar of iron which was fixed at the middle in a
horizontal predtion, each half being enclosed in a large glass
tube, around which were wound spirals of copper wire. A
cord of copper wire was afterwards substituted for the two
helices, and placed with its axis coincident with the axis of
the bar. On completing the circuit, the longitudinal sound,
although feeble, could be distinguished, the bar of iron being
a little lengthened or expanded in the direction of its axis.
The origin of the sound has, therefore, been attributed to •
vibration in the interior of the iron bar, or a new arrange-
ment of the molecules, en explanation which has been more
than once advanced for the mysterious phenomenon of the
same kind connected with the history of the Memnonian statue.
WHEAT AND POTATOES. The accounts of the
harvest and the potato crop are in a contrast so marked as
almost to imply a lesson, that the root is the worst, the grain
the beet reliance for the national food. The potato fails uni-
versally in Ireland, in England, and Scotland, on the Con-
tinent. The failure is more absolute than it was last year.
There is a striking difference in the durability of plant pro-
duced by human skill. It is notorious that many—such as
celebrated varieties of the apple—have become extinct or
worthless in England ; the Standard calls to mind that Ire-
land has witnessed a total extinction of the plane-tree ; the
potato decays before our eyes. On the other hand, wheat
seems to defy the mutations of time: grain found in the hands
of mummies that were living men in the Biblical ages, if
sown now, flourishes as well as any of the contemporary
varieties, from which it is distinguishable only for the purpose
of scientific classification; attesting the immortality of the
great staple food for man.—Spectator.