The Express.
London, England, 1849-07-11 00:00:00

ITALY.

ROMAN STATES.—General Ondinot's aide-dc-
cam? arrived in Paris from Rome yesterday (Tues-
day). He brought despatches from the general,
containing detailed accounts of the entrance into
Rome, and its occupation by the French army. The
only disagreeable occurrence that took place was,
'hat the soldiers were hooted in the Corso, near the
Popular Club ; missiles were flying, shots tired, and
some isolated tights took place. The despatches were
to be published at length in the Putrie and ifoniteur
du Soar of last evening, and in the Moniteur of this
'corning.
- • -

The following letters from oar correspondent gives
the latest detailed intelligence from the interior of
Rome:
ROMS, Jung 29.
The history of sieges in the year 1849 shows very
clearly that the most resolute city in the world may
be brought on its knees by the unanswerable argu-
ments of twenty heavy mortars and a hundred artil-
lery men, well protected by field works. The
fact that =offending women and children are
I slaughtered in the night, and in their own
bosses, by the murderous projectiles of a des-
Airily enemy, safely entrenched and barricaded
far from the scene of horror, cannot fail to pro-
duces terror and submission in a peaceable and
=warlike population, and, although this result has
not hitherto been obtained in Rome, still the gradual
progress of the besiegers leaves but little doubt as to
its ultimate achievement. The French cannon, re-
paired every night after the damage infiict-d during
the diy, is assuming the superiority. A new and ex-
tensive breach his been opened close to the Villa
Spada, on the first bastion. The villa or casino itself,
hitherto Gatibaldi's head-quarters, has been set fire
to by shells and rockets, and the three French bat-
teries within the walls are now in full play opal it,
without meeting with much opposi'ion from the Ro-
man artiliery. General Oudinot seems disposed to do
as much harm as possible, without exposing his troops
to the inevitable lots consequent on a general assault ;
and evidently hopes, by destroying, one after ano-
tter, every stronghold on the Janiculum, with his
tremendous batteries inside and outside the wall., to
render the position of the Romans absolutely unten-
able previous to conducting his forces to he attack.
The state of the weather has been anxiously looked
to of late, as indicative of the degree of fever which
may probably prevail in the French camp. It has
been on the whole act very unfavoutable to the be-
iegers, because the heat, although great, has been
constant ; whereas the tertian and pernicious fevers
are chiefly prevalent when sun and ram alternate so
as to develop the obnoxious vapours of the earth.
June 30.

Yesterday being the festa of St. Peter, the cupola
of the magnificent church boating that saint's name
w's illuminated, as well as the facade and colonnade,
according to the custom of the city. A beautiful
tricolored light, brilliantly relieved against the dark
clouds of a receding thunder-storm, irradiated the
matchless fabric for some minutes,—a momentary
darkness succeeded, and was then followed by the
ins'antaneous burst of thousands of lamps, minutely
developing the whole architecture of the church.
This sight, celebrated throughout Europe, ought
surely to have awakened in the breasts of Frenchmen
(thaw soi-disant lovers and protectors of the grand and
beautiful), feelings far different front those to which
they gave way a few hours afterwar Is. At two a.m.
when the entire city was hushed in repose, a tre-
mendous explosion, in the direction of the Piazza del
Female, ushered in a merciless bombardment, which
lasted about an hour and a half, spreadicg devastation
and terror in that quarter of the city, and realising,
at least, one of the words contained in the French re-
public in motto, that of eyaliti, fur now all quarters
hue had their due share of projectiles. The house
is which I reside received one of these unwelcome
visitors, which, after knocking a hole through the
wall, burst in the garden, fortunately without white
damage than that of breaking a number of windows.
Not so the English Academy, in the adjoining street,
Via deglincurabili, which received a monster bomb in
the ground-boor, to, the great detriment of the
artistied prodoctions within. Shells are no respecters
of pawns or of flags either, and the British
consulate has had some narrow escapes, whilst the
mildew* of the French ambassador, Palazzo Colonna,
has been already struck more than once. The mortars
from which these murderous missiles ware discharged
had been placed, in the early part of the night, on the
Parioli range of hills north-east of the Porta del
Popolo. The Roman artillerymen stationed on the
Monte Pinch, could only ascertain the situation of the
enemy's pieces by the flash, and could not fire directly
upon them in return, became the battalion of students
escupied an intermediary position in the Villa Ponia-
tewslay, and would bare probably suffered more than
the French themselves.
This bombardment, in itself a sufficiently serious
annoyance, turned out to be merely a diversion,
intended to rover the principal attack on the Janice-
hem. The French forces in that quarter vigorously
assaulted the R man position of the Villa Spada and
on the first bastion to the left gate of San Pancrszio,
at about 2 a.m., penetrating by the new breach in
great numbers, and gradually pushing the defenders
towards the gate and the VilLaSaeorelli on the right,
and San Pietro in Moutons" below the disputed
ground. The great barrimee, furnished with sr. il-
lery, on the first bastion, forming the highest spot of
the Janicultm, remained in the hands of the assail-
ants, and, although two attempts were made to re-
occupy the important paaitioo at the point of the
bayonet, the utmost that could be obtained was the
temporary repulse of the French to the other side of
the barricade. Some discouragement in a Roman
regiment of the line (I believe the 6th) originated the
retrograde movement.
As we have hitherto no official details of the engage-
ment, such accounts as I receive from those that return
from the scene of action are all that can be forwarded
to you to-day. Toe loss appears to have been very
severe on both sides. Colonel Manus, of the Lom-
bards, was morally wounded, whilst charging with
the bayonet at the head of his regiment. A captain
in Garibaldi's corps was killed; and the general's
faithful Moor fell by his side' a bullet having
struck him in the middle of the forehead. A
number of dead have been left on the field, and
wounded we being continually brought into the
hospitals. Every inch of ground is firmly contested ;
but, foals, the dexterous and rapid works with
which the French fortify themselves as aeon u they
are en possession of a new position, by means of the
sap- vacua, as they term i., their heavy artillery, as
well as their uodoub'ed bravery, discipline, and num-
ben, cannot fail tO give them the victory over raw
battalions, who have nothing but the undaunted
spirit of patriotism is their favour, and who have
held an open city, for each Rome must certainly be
cossidertd, aminst disciplined and numerous besieg-
ing armies for more than two months. Oudinot him-
self complimented the Roman envoy, Accursi, who is
just returned from Paris, on the heroic resatance of
the garrison.

VENICE.—The Opinion* of Turin of the 6th states
that the Amenably of the Venetian representatives has
voted the order of tie day on the followinf conditions
for surrender proposed by Austria : let the acknow-
ledgment of two-thirds of the communal paper-
money and of one-half of the patriotic one, on con-
dition of either having coarse at Venice only, and of
its extinction 'sting at the sole charge of the town. 2nd.
The acknowledgment of the civil rghtsemanating from
laws made by the provisional governm nt. 3-d. The
restoration of the casual* line as it was before the
revolution. 4thly. The restoration of the same funs