The Express.
London, England, 1848-01-01 00:00:00

54,900,000 00
6,285,201 SS

41,155,294 SS
1,701,231 25

Add balance in the Treasury let July, 1847

42,86,848 80

Total means, an estimated
The actual expenditures for the first
quarter, ending SOth September,
1847, were
The ectimated expenditures for the public service
during the other three quarters from Ist October, 1817,
to 30711 June, 1001, are,
civil list, foreign intercourse and rabic
ceilancoua
Army proper, including volunteers
Fortifications, ordnance, taming Wil-
lis, ike.
Indian department —— - 1,720,660 26
PellikOnS 1,063,523 66
Navalestablichment 10,241,072 49
Interest on public debt and Treasury
notes
Treasury notes outstanding sal "w-
-hit when promoted 287,139 St
58,615,600 07
15,729,114 27

Esceas of expenditure over means, let July, IMO
The estimated receipts, meant, and expenditures for
fiscal year commencing lot July, 1948, and ending
3uth June, 1049, are—
From Customs
„ Sales of public lands
„ Miscall:mews sources

32,000,000 00
3,000,000 00
100,000 00

Total revenue
Deduct deficit let July, Idle

.... 35,100,000 00
12,729,114 27

19,3700333 73

•
The expenditures during the aline period, as esti-
mated by the several departments of State, Tr
sure, Wu, Navy, and Postmaster-General, are—
The balances of former appropriations
which will he required to be eapead-
ed in thni year 1,475,210 77
Permanent and indefinite awing:whi-
-4,587,377 82
tlows
Specific appropriations asked for this
year 0,582,153 13
53 614,941 72

Deduct maim remaining applicable to service of fireal .
'oar ending 30th June, 1849 19,370,68.1 73

Excess of expenditures over MCVIIII. let July, 1849 .... 36,274,03.5 99
It will be perceived that if the war is continued until the
Ist of July next, and no additional revenue provided by Con-
gress, nor any sums received from military contributions in
Mexico, there would be a deficit in the treasury, on that
day, of 16,729,114 d&s. 27e. For teasels& hereatter stated,
under the operation of the Constitutional Treasury, it will
not be necessary hereatier to retain in the treasury, to meet
the wants of the government and afford a constant supply
for all their enlarged operations to the mint and branch
mints, a sum exceeding 3,000,000 dole. Adding to this the
deficit in the treasury en the Ist July next, it makes the
sum of 18,729,114 dots. 17c. to be supplied during that
period, to meet which, if the expenditures authoris.d and
estimated should take place prior to that date, a loan for that
sum would be required, if no additional revenue was derived
from any source whatever. It is believed, however, that it
Congress would adopt the following measures which are re-
commended to their favourable c insideration, additional
revenue to the amount of 4,500,000 dole. per annum might
be realised—tint, fr.nn a duty on tea and coffee of 25 per
cent. ad valorem, 3,000,000 dole. per annum ; from the re.
duction and graduation of price of public lands, 1,000,000
dole. per annum, and from the extension of the pre-emption
privile2e to every bond fide settler on our unsurveyed lands
whenever the Indian title may be extinguished, 500,000
dol.. per annum. Should these measures be adopted by
Congress, the loan might be reduced to a sum not exceeding
at the most, 17,000,000 dolt In estimating the loan at
17,000.000 dole, allowance is made for th: fact, that these
measures for additional revenue could not all go into effect,
so as to produce the full amount during the time ink nen-
ing between tne present period and Ist July next. After
that day it is not doubted that they would produce the full
amount of 4,500,000 dots. per annum.
The internal revenue collec ed by the Mexican govern-
ments as well as departments was about 13,000,000 dub. per
annum. Ido not believe, however, that any very large por-
tion of this revenue could he ellected by our military com-
menden ; and I have no sufficient data upon which to base
any reliable estimate as to these soure.s of revenue. In view
of the uncertainty of the amount of these contributions at
pet sent I recommend that authority be given to negotiate a
loan for the sum of 18,500,000 dole., upon the terms autho-
rised by. the act of 28th January list. Should the war
be continued until the Ist of July, 1849, an additional
loan amounting to 20,500,000 dela. would he accessary,
if no additional revenue is granted by Congress and no
contributions are levied in Mexico. As it is believed,
however, that a considerable ruin must be derived
from these coetributions, no further loan beyond
the amount of 18,500,000 dolt. is asked at this period,
and it is believed that this sum is all that will be re-
quired, in all probability, until the meeting of Congress in
December, 1848. It is possible, however, that a further loan
for a sum not exceeding 6,1100,000 dots. may be required be-
tore that time. Should this he the case, there will tie ample
time to communicate the information to Congress, and
ask a further provision to that amount. The secretary then
recommends a duty of 25 per cent. ad valorem to be imposed
on tea and coffee, and dwells on the necessity of keeping
down the public debt to the lowest peesible sum, by the
largest increased revenue that can be raised is the country.
The report further demands the authorisation by Congressof
treasury notes,bearing interest and fundable, by a 6 per ee .t.
stock at the end of the war. Mr. Walker further recommends
the extension of pre-empti,a claims from surveyed lands (to
which they are now admitted by the law) to unsurveyed
lands to which the Indian title has been extinguished, and
the graduation (his hobby for many years) of the public
lands, but their sale only in limited quantities to actual
sellers.
- -

The report of the Postmaster-General shows:
The revenues of that department for the year ending the '
30th of June last, including 65,353 dole. 53e., due from the
United States Treasury for the postage of the government,
appropriated by the 12th section of the act of 3rd March,
1847, and not drawn from the Treasury, amounted to
3,94.5,892 dole. 31c., exceeding those of the preceding year,
by the sum of 458,683 dole. 96c., being an increase of the
lest over the preceding year of 13 15-100 per cent , and falling
short of the annual average revenues of the nine years pre-
ceding the Ist July, 1845, by the sum of 418,731 doll. 34c.
01 this sum there was derived from letter postage, including
the sum yet due from the Treasury fur the government post-
ages, the sum of 3,234,512 dole. 98 c., which exceeds the
amount ofletter postage of the preceding year by 372,815 dots.
24c., making an increase of 12 93 100 per cent., whilst
it falls short of the annual avert revenues from
the same source, fur the nine years preceding the
let of July, 1815, by the sum of 533,479 dole. 91c.
In the same time there wee derived from the next-
ages on newspapers, pamphlets, 3:c., 613,160 dots. 59 e.,
making an increase over the preceding year of 81,018 dots.
10 c., and an increase over the annual average of the nine
preceding years, of 114.181 dots. 61 c. This stament in-
cludes the sum of 35,609 dole. 2.5 c., paid by the te
British go-
vernment for the transportation of her closed moils from
Boston to Canada, part of which properly belongs to the re-
venues of the preceding years, but was not paid until within
the last year,
The expenditure of the present year w'.ll exceed that of the
last year by the following sums :
For the mail steamer Washington
100,000 dud.
For the steamer Merman, for seven months 34,333
For cost of the mail routes, established by the
act of 3rd of March, NM
Add for contingencies 20,000

323,331 dote.
From this sum may be deducted the savings which were
made in the southern ti•ction, at the lettings in the spring,
which amount to 108,697 duds.
The imam of the department for the present
year are eshmated at
4,813,157 dole.
Expenditures estimated for the saute time

Leasing a surplus of 413,951 dohs.
It is gratifying to find that within so short a period after the
great reduction of the rates of postage, the revenues of the
department have increased much beyond the expectations of
the friends of the cheap postage system, while the expendi-
tures for the same time have diminished more than half a
million of dollars annually ; and that the department is in a
condition to sustain itself without further aid from the trea-
sury. It is not doubted that these results would have been
still more favourshle if the modifications of the act of 1845,
heretofore ated by this department, had been adopted.
lot. Private .sea still continue to be run between the
principal cities, and seriously affect the revenues of the de-
partment, from the want of adequate powers for their sup-
pression. 2. The privilege of sending sealed letters "in re-
lation to the cargo " free over mail routes, is the source of
innumerable frauds upon its revenues. 3. If the single let-
ter
were raade the quarter or third of an ounce, instead of
half (except when written on a single sheet of paper), and
prepaid, or double postage required when not prepaid, the re-
venues of the department would have been greatly im-
proved.-4. 'Tne postage on newspapers is unequal and un-
pat to the publishers themselves. The —.me postape is
chargedon each, without regardto weight. Mauy of the larger
class of papers weigh over two and a half o s ices each :rid
pay but 14 cent for any distance over laj miles; and if
charged as letter postage, would pay, under 300 miles, 15
cents, and over, 30 cents. Other paper weigh as low as
half as ounce—only one-fifth of that weight, v.d pay the
same rates. Some of the larger sire periodicals weigh °sir
121 or., and pay 141 cents over 100 miles ; and if charged
with letter postage, would pay, under 300 -:.files, 1 dol. 30c.,
and over, 2 dole. 60c. This inequality of tax oe the different
publications should be regulated in some way; and no reason