The Express.
London, England, 1848-05-31 00:00:00

se noon that the producers of three great staples
were made to trade freely with each other.
one produces provisions of all kinds in abun-
dance and cheapness unrivalled; another menu-
room goods at a price and perfection that defy
competition; a third produces the luxuries of a
southern soil and climate, those luxuries having become
necessities to civilise.; countries. • the trade between
the three is necessarily to the advantage of each ; and
the energies of the three countries would be thrown
into, and developed by, the freest intercourse. But
the energies, and prosperity, and mutual good will of
all are cramped and perilled by jealousies and pro-
hibition.
There is no reason assigned why England should
not hold its full chafe of that common trade. If the
English have lain or do still lie under disadvantages,
this arises from the denreased and uncduutted state of
those classes in this country from which our marine
is recruited. The al ipuwners called before the
Lords' committee evidently knew little of their cap-
tains, nothing of their crews. They took no care
whether the latter ha not. nowledge of the science of
their profession or They were above such
inquiries.
In America, on the contrary, the shipowners and
the captains would have been either identical or more
on a level with each other, so that the proprietorship
of the vessel would li ,ve had closer knowledge and
interest of and in the crew and the whole manage-
ment. It i our aristocratic distinction of classes, the
indifferences and distance between ono and the other,
that leaves the lower class of seamen uncared for, and
consequerely dissolute and improvident. Where s
the American captain or sailor, more approachiag the
level of his employer, gets a share in the profits of the
enterprise, which calls forth zeal, acuteness, and
energies. The one system creates a man out of what
the other leaves an automaton, without selrreliance
or sell-conduct.
One adv intage of the repeal of the navigation
laws will be to induce this active competition be-
tween the English and American mariner of every
grade. In this competition the Englishman cannot
and will unt remain inferior. And in this the
British sailor will he aided by the resources,
the intelligence, and the philanthropy, as well
as the good sense of this country. It is no
fault, but ,rather a consequence of long pro-
sperity, that there exists great inequality of condition
in England ; hut a consequence of this is, that those
possessed of w, alth should devise means for correcting
the inevitable and degrading effect of an inferior condi-
tion in the lower classes.
Hitherto our only idea of the strength of a navy
was es numbers. And this is still the solo thought
of the protectionists. But if numbers are strength,
how strong should not England be by possessing
Ireland? But such strength is weakness, and so may
be the numerical strength of a navy, it composed of
the discontented, the dissolute, and the idle.
The debate of NI w.day night. however, turned little
on the character and fortunes of the sailor, the most
iniportant question that can be debated, and one to
which we scull repeatedly return. The first move in
such a matter, however, must be the repeal of the na-
vigation laws.

tanned, entirely the reverse. He was not of opinion that • Mr,—The en dosed note win returned to me by the high aberiff of
with set ofides. and daring thin city. who mated when returning it, that it was oat competent to
man should commence life vet one
hi to grant the todulgenoe aught ; and fuithermore, that be had
its whole nonce neither alter nor add to them. Men were all lain ft before the judges now sitting at Omen-street, and that they
students, and the oldest and bat informed man bad, cons- were also unable to rant it. Tim sheriff concluded by saying that
paratiyely speaking, as much to learn as the youngest school- the application must be addressed to the government, and that, if so
boy. He confessed himself a student, and avowed that he addrefeed, he did not doubt of its suecese. I haw to ririuent then, 401,
bad lately entertained an opinion which he had been for m.ra.t,lertorymir, that this reeiexiamwd...blithlereq.uest,
et b;i._c_oym.plief,eil with,
h sad
Mary years et his life opposed to—he alluded to the pro- lia.r.',..ltjuro:K..nwer wolr.
pricey of constituting equal electoral districts; and he bad eo
abis application was strengthened by the clergyman who
furt,er to avow that he bad been led to adopt that opiii.; accompanied me, in the following words, appended at the
by a body of men known as the chartists. (Loud cheering. i toot of the page:
He went on to show the present inequality enlacing The Rev. ——, D.D., of —,
_unites in the above requett.
in that respect, and observed that it was a remarkable thing and begs most respectfully that a like indulgence mdy be ea:ended to
that there had be en no topographical alteration or improve- himwlf.
meat in the country since the reign of Alfred. With rep" To this petition Mr. Redington replied as follows : . .
to the suffrage, he maintained that every man was entitled Dublin Castle, May 27, 154e.-81r, In reply to your application I
to a vote who could he identified with the locality in which beg state that, so Mr. Mitchel Le ',All in faceplate, be is in the ens.
toil toot the high eheriff of Dublin; It anit in ray power, then:fore, to
he lived ; but he did not underrand what was meant by ride any order lee your adrui-Oor to interview with the prisufwv,
the term " universal suffrage." Ile was in favour of pot- nor is It the practice of thin Ake to do so while the convict remains
ting on taxation where it properly belonged —to property- in the melody of the county or city sheriff, as the
Pone mlterixay hi
—I
and thin could never be obtained until the people were fairly have the honour to be, sir, your obedient servant,
I.eros.
represented. Rev.). Kenyon,
Mr. POCOCK s-conded the reedution, to a similar par' p.o.—You ere, of worse,
liberty to make this communkatiust
known to the high sheriff.
pose as the last speaker, and particularly condemning the On receipt of this answer, I retracedtrety stepsto Green.etreet.
present course pursued by Lord John Russell and the
full of indignation at the" jugglery* to which I bad been sub-
minister,.jeer; but as yet not absolutely certain on which side the shame
OR the resolution below put, Mr. LANGER, a working man,
andgai t should be charged, for the queen's under secretary,
wished to my a few words on the subject sat resident al suf-
frage. He was for universal suffrage, witr no qualification, and the' queen's high sheriff had 'sprawled themselves—the
and moved that the word " universal " be substituted for ownreitinng_ spokenwi:au words,c sppareopenatedianceanrdity7tdhavisteth,ntihteateodthtomsfazi n
" residential "in the i ioolutiou. a stigma upon either. Raving, at /dr. ftedingtun's suggs
Me.
by STEVEN% slisigeitt4 that the amendment should be tion, placed his lettet in Mr. I. renchshands, that gentleman,
moved by an elector, in compliance wilt the requi.ition after a certain amount of shuffling, solved the mystery
by which the meeting had been convened.—Mr. Langer
by the following communication :
my that the permission
six3rdiugly gave way, and Mr. SAVAGE moved the amend- hiss,—ln reply to your application, I beg to
meat, which was seconded by Mr. EASTY. to Iles Mr. Mitchel is at present confined to bei immediate faintly.
Mr. KEENE then made some obiarvations condemnatory should it be further extended I shall be very happy to attend to your
of flan principles laid down by Mr. Stevens, which, he main- wish.—l have the honour to be, sir, your most obedient servant.
tain, cl. did nut go tar enough. He advocated annual par- BIiNKT n. FinNiv•
ham ms and the abolition of the property qualification of Rev. Mr. Kenyon.
member. —I nisi, SW, your very humble servant, JOHN KENYON',
V.P., Ti mplederry.
Mr. MAY:gaup followed. He was for the six points of the
charter; but, as he saw nothing in the resolution to object --
to, and as he was sensible that by grasping at too much they
were often in danger of losing ail, he supported the prin-
ciples which it contained.
Mr. STEVE:is Lima ruse to reply, but gave way to Mr.
Templin (a working man) amidst considerable confusion,
caused by a contest among the assembly ss to whether i r
not be should be heard.
Mr. TEMPLIN objected to the resolution as amended, as,
by supporting that portion of it relating to universal suffrage,
he would be obliged to support its other propositions, which
he maintained to be insufficient and ineffective to secure
necessary reform.
Mr. MARTIN then addressed tome observations, which
gave rise to considerable uproar and opposition, in conse-
quence of some deprecatory elusions contained in them to
the recant course pursued by the people of France, where he
said the workmen, notwithstanding the equality which they
enjoyed, did not obtain half the wages as the same class in
Eugland.
After some observations from Mr. &Mrs, who advocated
the six points of the charter, and would accept of nothing

Tax Hiram, Associatiox.—The usual meeting of this
body was held to-day; Mr. James Burke, a barrister, in the
chair. The speaken were the chairman and Metiers. Gales-y
and John O'Connell. The topics dealt with we ro the recent
triol and conviction of Mr. Mitchel. Mr. Galwey denounced
the formation of the jury and the arrangement of the
panel,
which be pronounced in thong language to have been packed.
He declared that he did not attribute any corrupt' .n to the
jury, nor would he have said one word respecting the verdict
it the government had not tampered with the fair cstitu-
tion of the jury. Mr Galwey asserted that such aver)ict
would have so weight with the country ; that its effect weuld
be to create sympathy with Mr. Mitchel and his princip
He strongly outdecnned the authorities for the proceedings
taken in the case. He expre sed his most unbounded sym-
pathy for Mr. Mitchel and his family, and concluded by pro-
ne inn the following resolutions :
fV o.ilved—Tbat in the late case of the " Queen 0. Jahn Mitchel,"
the jury selseted to alp on Che
t* trial of the accused was packed from
the known political opponen of the emu...ed.—That, therefore, the
verdict of that jury is no evidence of Mr. Mitchere guilt.—That pu-
nishment, based u on that verdict, in en act of arbitrary power, acid a
blow struck through the medium of jury packing at the line d
liberties of Irishmen. That, under the circumstance*, it is the
bounden duty of Ireland Vi adopt the family of Mr. Mitchel as its
own, and to provide for their comforts and education, at the pohoi
expiate, during the absence of that untlemm from this civuntry.
That a copy of the foregoing resolution be preronted to Mee. Mitch, t,
acc =pained by an expression of sincere coudoknce on the pert of
this association.
Mr. John O'Connell seconded those resolutions, and in the
course of his remarks dwelt very severely on the conduct of
the Attorney-General in excluding Roman catholic. No
respectable person of that persuasion should recognise him
after such • course of action. Tbe bon. gentlemen an-
nounced, in the course of the proceedings, that he had had
that morning en interview wit
ommit h Mr. 8. O'Bn, whimerick,
o was
et suffering under the outrage ute on himrie at L
and that be had strong reason to think—indeed he might
almost announce—that on Monday next or the Monday wl-
lowing, Mr. Smith O'Brien would take his place in that
hall.—The announcement was received with tremendous
cheering. There would probably still be no per!ect identity in
their oinions, but whe they did differ, nothing in that
hall Ghopul', (mune ton E rever
forth those differences. The week's
rent was 121.

leas,
Mr. STEVENS replied in defence of the view; which he
had laid down.
It then appeared that the mover and seconder of the
amendment had been under a rnisavprehension, and while
amending one part of it would not lend their support to the
others. The amendment was accordingly withdrawn.
The original motion was then put, and carried by a large
majority ; but not without immense uproar and confusion.
Mr. Peilatt then vacated the chair, his place bring occupied
by Mr. Stevens.
On the motion of Mr. THWATTES, an additional resolution
was then passed to the following effect :
That this meeting recommends most earnestly to all motions of
suffragists the
eat
agitate of toleration and coociliatlon towards each
other In the great agitation now commenced for a real radical reform
of the House of Cammuta•

IRELAND.
Driu.tw, MLT 29.
The Shearwater steamer, which left Dublin en
Saturday even ng at 4 o'clock, reached the harbour of
Cove at an early hour on Sunday morning. Before the
vessel anchored, Mr. Mitchel, guarded by two police-
men and marines, landed on the island, and was im-
mediately handed over to the governor of the convict
depot. Shortly after being landed, the inspector of
the penitentiary, Captain Atkins, ordered that he
should have a separate room for that night, but that on
the following day he should assume the convict
dress, and be treated precisely as other convicts.
The Irish government appears quite satisfied with
the sedatory effects of the late verdict. There is a vast
difference between the excitement of the past week
and the grave-like stillness which pervades our city
to-day! The only stir is in the neighbourhood of the
Corn Exchange, where the conduct of the Attorney-
General is exposed to a furious onslaught. The reso-
are quite as strong as the oratory which pre-

ceded them.
Ia the Four Courts the events of Friday and Satur-
day are but slightly canvassed. Dulness reigns anew,
though some Roman Catholics are deeply discon-
tented at what they consider a slight cast upon them
in the mode of arranging the juries in the state trials.
An incident illustrative of this feeling may be men-
tioned. Chiet Baron rigot, himself & Romani Ca'holic,
presided to-day in the Nisi Prius Court. When a
jury was about to be sworn, the first person called
objected to be sworn on the ground that he was not
qualified to discharge the duties of a juror. Chief
Baron : What, sir, is the ground of your disqualifica-
tion ? Juror : I am a Rowan Catholic.—Chief Baron:
I am not aware that there is any disqualification in
that.—Juror : Nor was I, my lord, until Friday last,
when cathelics were excluded.—Chief Baron, address-
ing the officer : Swear that gentleman on the jury.
The oath was administered, and the juror took his
place in the box.
It is asserted that the sheriff of the city of Dublin is
about to publish an explanatory statement, showing
the groundlessness of representations made in regard
to the panel. Ile will, it is stated, show that there
were fifty-eight Roman Catholics on the panel, and
not twenty-eight, as asserted at the trial of Mr.
Mitchel.
It is rumoured to-day in town that a letter had
reached Dublin from Lord John Russell, condemning
in the most decided manner the exclusion from the
jury of such catholics as could not be identified with
anvery marked set of political opinions. I presume
the speech of his lordship is the basis of the rumoured

SCOTLAND.
EDINBURGH, MAT 30.
The Assembly of the established churches was dis-
solved at midnight. AB usual, there was a hurrying
over of business, in order to make up for previJus
delays and extended debates. As the ministers of
chapels of ease are not allowed to sit in church courts,
and are for the most part poorly er.dowed, an act was
introduced by Sir James Graham for the purpose of
facilitating the conversion of these edifices into parish
churches, so securing the incumbents in full privi-
leges. Requests had been made to the different
noblemen and gentlemen having chapels of ease on
their property to co-operate in raising their status,
and it was reported that in six cases the church had
been successful in accomplishing the desired object.
In the matter of schools, the Assembly resolved that,
while they would not recommend interference with re-
fractory dissenting teachers already settled, the com-
mittee appointed to consider the subject suggested
" That the church should declare that she could n
not
permit such illegal appointments to be persevered i
intentionally and avowedly without regard tostatutory
obligations; and in the event, therefore, of patrons
making anyattempt hereafter to introduce into schools
any teacher or teachers who shall refuse to submit to
the jurisdiction of the presbytery of the bounds, as
recognised by law, the committee recommend that
these presbyterians ehould be advised to adopt suc
dicate
h
proceedings as might be deemed necessary to vin
the rights of the church." The Assembly agreed to
act on the suggestion of the committee. In the Free
Assembly, the report of the Education Committee was
read, which detailed the efforts made by the church
individually, and in co-operation with the privy
council, in training monitors, normal students, and
teachers, and in planting schools, parochial, model,
and normal. Several overtures on the constitution
of schools were then read, and the discussion following
brought out that a small party were, like the Balms'
school, opposed to any fraternity with governm at
on the subject of education ; but this, not that
co-operation was wrong in the abstract, but because
the state is at present Eraatian.