The Express.
London, England, 1849-08-24 00:00:00

THE PEACE CONGRESS.

The following is the canclusim of the first da3's
proceedings, of which we were only able to give a
sketch in our impression yesterday :

VISSCHEItS, who bad hem president of the Pence
Congress held last year at B•usselr, rose and r ad a
report of the rrocetrliap and results 3:f the sittings then
hekl. As the Congress at Bramels tank p 1 see so manly,
it is not nee, awry to go be'k on the ;rcneral account giy-n by
the hon. gentleman; but the re-ult eat the eor•est for eertriu
pH: as offend en that occwion for the bear pipers spew' war
ny the permanent Nava Conerete is not without interest.
The Royal Academy of Brussels brie gapp!iel tot. decide th..
prism, silting acceded to the es qua st Two and twen'y
pers were sent in previously to Juno 1, 1819, the ap-
putted time, and two afterwards, which in consignetce
*mold net be admitted. The committee of the Academy gave
la their report on Aug. 6. arid at great lecgth snalyst d the
eeriest perm I, wet. d that tie raemb-rs were 111141111i12131111
is aczording the priz • '11,0( Me. to the paper which b. re the
f Rowing matte:—" C'e3t de la maniere dont ou a'y prer.d
pour fairs one chow', que derive ie t.ucet l'en•remiso qua
res it fate." The sealed note which accompanied this (-say
drelard is to have luta written by M. Bars, advocate ~ re-
siding a. Dine, in 11.1;ium. Ti.. second was csaiond L. an
essay bearing the motet, " Aims. Tout JOG no. :ell antra;"
and the third to that wit), tto motto, .3 L'it:Cal test quo la
eer"te a %1...canc.." it w..a r.,und that the (lest of the.e two
had hen esti; ten by :Z. Cl •chereuit. law atudont at the
ra Uversity L'eze ; and the second by M. Morhingl. at-
taché to re, depart= nt of foreign off. Ira at Brussels.
These rcolids. it bad been announced, you'd be proclaimed
at the Paris Congra
When the hos. gentleman had ecneladed,
The CHAIRMAN ca led on the three erntlerten named
above, and heady stare t that their w irks having bren e.-
irc'ea as the best on the subj-et propoiad, tame'y, tho dis•
sdvaet tece of war, he file .he engem'. satialestiou in being
the o:g .n at tbua rahlivly pr.:seating th...m with the pro•
pa. d
ii.tsta thin camo forward, was prmonted with
a pocket. Loot; containing ill, 1,00)r. The oinas were
Th.. CIIAIR:IIAN then announced that M. Lannit
omit- LieLcour, in the sante of the 8. e 6 i da 1a Moyle
Cbrst eaue, p.pwr.4l as a peso f r neat 'eta- a aura ci- (..00.r.
ths b‘st •nuty on the advent ewe of race, and au. they of
60efr far is best colt. moo of opuaiane, ancient sad en .4 tr.,
sacred s'il pro:ane, showing that war is alike contrary to
huist.ity and saoselity.
Thie aucoina nt was received wi:h lend sppltuee,
The CHAIM:AN then cal: that the preliminary bus'nesa
lsaviag been disposed of, the resoluti-nt v‘,ul,l M brought
toew.rl ill tad, Ir. Re would proceed to rued the first to the

nnetiog
t The recount to arms being a tumuli e-uct-imen el soy
religion, entail .y, reason, and huteariety, it :s the duty of r.. 1
men, and a means or a tety, to seek out ail adopt ter. .suri s
calculated to Whig about the stolid et of was; and the
friends rat il pow, astesn' led in congress at Paris
no the 22nil, 23rd. lied 24th o 1 August, have 'staid the fol-
lowing rt. dud :1. I'll.C, Cold: ift.d4 Al. to guar nt.e
the moral end physical int tete of et.itions, it is the .'uty
of all govern's', n•• to milenit to arid ration the ditherer oi a
oritiea anonremet them, Slid to re open lee decisions of the
whin u n whom they may have ehmen."
M. BONNELIER then read a paper en the ['woggle-
teney ea with en dintien
M. DE ti uLit AuLT next addressed the meeting. Ile
alluded at some le gth to the wheel • whim& hail followed
the a; pi ale to war ow'.' g nation. foe the settlement of their
difference*. and then prone dad to point out the adv_ntatt's
white, woaldefesult teen the sdeotion of the prireiptes rut
forth ley the prev-rat Congress. Wee, h• stid, was now
carried on, but it was no rooter for the purposes of c ineetesi
—it woe for the reetoration of natiowalities. No govern-
nu Lt. could now have au idea of ererogehieg on As
states and liberties of it-. p.ople. But hire a question, he
observed, sror. Oat of the ilea wet poe ere of Enron
there were three woo prott Ind the di erne.. that the tangle
belonged to the ewe. enemata, • doe tin contrary to that
width was BOW upbel r by France. TUT* sera thus two
principl s plead in oppoaition. and it was weetsory that one
must overpower the other. Tae hon. pentkman then made.
• eropesition that the Peace Congress should ley down as a
principle the natios alas of states.
Mr. PEUT (Nereid that he was 'needless:ea that the
proceedings of the so. itty were not autficieetly practical; oil
that account he had preinred a series of resolutions to amend
th,.t defect. Toe hon. gentleman then read the resehatione.
decimally that a Universal Peace Cor greats should he formitd
to meet once every year, the curers' committee f r toe en-
gulag year being appointed at the end of the sittings; thw
every country should he inciaded in the Co. rem, and that
the members should bind themselves to for 'and the objet's
of the Peace Society es much as they possibly c iuli ; thot
some universal language should be decided on as an impor-
tant means of forwarding the p:i- ciples of peat.', and that a
small suheerlption should b: poid by each member to defray
the expellees incurred.
The CHAIRMAN seid that the propcsitiors shrewd be
token into c ,nsideration by the committee, who would d. ci le
if then resolutions wire of a nature to he die u s d. Notice '
should hr given to the eor ourable gentleman of the decision.
The WPC J BURNETT slid I rejoice to see to large en
assembly collected in t' it great capital, on such an impel.-
tent occasion as that which has brought us together to-din.
This is a practical refutation of the slaeder so often circulated
that France and England are natural enemies. (Laud
eiieers by the Eniglish, but less era raetically taken up by the
m French, sh H. Cuquerel repeated the ohs. nation in
French ) You now perceive that both nations understand
me, aid that both nations understand each other. (C rens.)
I lave myself always regarded, and shall always regard,
France and England as natural friends—(sheen)—and why
shculd they not be so. (Hear, hear.) Who likes to have,
as next door neighbors, natural enemies? No one,
unless he be a fool—(cheers and laughter)—now France is
not a fail—(hear, hear)—England is not a fool, (Hen,
her.) No, they are two wise nations, and two near neigh-
bours, and they are beginning to learn and to value the im-
porta:tee of livii gin brotherly friendship with one another.
(Loud cheer) I like to tee my plain-feted Eagle t brethren
here, and my bearded French brethren here—(laughhie)
and the more we have of this international commusi in,
toe more speedily shall we trait war from the lace of
Europe—(cheer.)—tor once let the combined npinisn of
France acd of England be enunciated with one determined
voice, then war it the great evil it is, and I should like to
know what nation of Europe wou'd go to war ? ar,
hear.) France and England combined, not with force rat
arms, but with force of opinion, would stand the worl 1.
(Cheep.) When people come to look at this question, we
have been very fr quen'ly asked, " What is it you propose
to do? Do you propose to disarm all the nations of these
arms which have hitherto been sanctioned by public au'ho-
city, and then to leave them to settle matters with these
arms which individuals rant to in their street quarrel,?
By no xteans; we desire a recourse to no arms at all ; we
are nearly as much opposed to battles with the fi,t sea to
battles with the bayonet; what we want is arbitration—
(eheen)—we are not wild enough to suppose that human
nature, just yet a', all event., is likely to atta'n that state
of pure perfection which render even arbitration unnecee-
eery (hear, beery and therefore we say let us
have an arbitration for nations as for iudivi-
duals —an arbitration in the hands of a silt end
tribunal, in whom the parties, in whom the world, have con-
fideace, not whom, as in the case of war, men dislike and
fear, and distrust—a tribunal fair and honest, and well
skilled in the affairs of the world, and in whose hands all
reasonable men, however or by whomsoever aggrieved. shall
be ready to leave the settlement of their differences. (Hear,
hear.) In what way can we justify its claim to superiority
over arbitration in the settlement of national differences ?
In war the result depends upon the skill of the com-
mending and upon the courage of the troops much more than
upon the statesmanship of the cabinet or upon the justice of
the case ; nay, it depends very often indeed upon the sewed
of the horses—(laughter)—yes, many a time have the aiFtirs
of a nation been settled by horse-flesh. (Laughter.) Now
nothing an be more absurd, more unreasonable, less a test
of right than this—(hear, hear)—strength is the real theory
nd practice of war, not justice ; lesson after lesson has shown
that, whatever the right sought to be asserted, the wrong
sought to be redressed, war has generally very little to do
with the vindication of justice. (Hear, hear.) Is there
anything new in this proposition to refer disputes to 'ebb re-
tion 1 By no mesas; even among balborous nations it if
the established viatica for the chieftains to settle differences
between their individual subjects by, perhaps strange, but
still pacific mesas; in all civilised nations, I need hardly re-
mind you, the civil disputes of individuals are settled as a
matter of course by arbitration, the arbitration of the re come
nised tin:muds ; what we want to know is, why the die.
putes of nations should not be bottled in like manner