The Express.
London, England, 1848-05-10 00:00:00

had his jaw shattered by a shot, another ball de-
camp,
Fine him of an eye, and yet he continued still to fight,
until a third shot struck him in the chest. The engagement
at Miloslaw was attended with still greater loss of life, and
was marked by deeds of desperate bravery and heroism be-
yond all parallel, even in the annals of Polish history.
The Prussians had 10,000 men, with 12 pieces of artillery ;
Mieralawski only 1,200 men, mostly armed with scythe..
Daring the fight the Polish ranks were strengthened
by detachments which arrived from Pleshen. Three times
the town was taken by the Prussians, and three time they
were driven from it. After eight hours of murderous fight-
ing, the Poles remained muter' of the held, and the Prune
shin cavalry fled with such precipitation, that it broke the
ranks of the in entry. The Prussians have retreated towards
Troda. G
oeneral olomb has concentrated 30,000, end is on
the point f renCewing the attack on the small band of
Mieroslawski Liege numbers have deserted from the
Prussian ranks to the Potts. There is no doubt of the Pole
being determined either to fall or to obtain a faithful obser-
vance of the treaty. They are all unanimous. Even the
Archbishop of Posen, who has been reported as having
blamed the clergy for their interference, has now,
on the contrary, issued a manifesto, in which he
insists upon their duty to guard their Hocks against
the insidious sweetie(' of the Press:tuts. The Poles
deny that any barbarities had been committed by
the peasants. On the contrary, they praise their forbear-
ance and g. od behaviour, whilst they retort the charge of
the murders and excesses perpetrated en the soldiery. The
other day • sergeant accompanied by ten human, entered
the house of Count Sadowski, who at the great trial at Ber-
lin had been condemned to death, and having been after-
wards liberated, lived quietly on his estate. " Are you
Sadowski, who was cordemeed to death ? " asked the **T.
grant; and on receiving an answer in the affirmative, he fired
a pistol at his head and laid him dead at his feet. Such con-
duct on the part of the military, would explain, if it could
not excuse, the atrocities which the Germans attribute to the
peasants.
The following is a letter from a correspondent at
Posen:
fuser, MAY I.—l send you herewith the points of Gen.
Willisen's capitulation with the insurgent Poles, which no
German paper has given. doubtlese ashamed of the imprete
sion it must make upon all readers, since (as has been testi-
fied by the Dist of Frankfort) no small portion of the Gee
mans themselves feel the importance of preserving Poland
for the cause of freedom generally; and a national feeling
has only been roused by the Prussians through the circula-
tion of tales of unheard of cruelties perpetrated by the Poles
on the German population. The truce made by Gen. Willi
sin under royal authority was violets d by Oen. Von
Colomb, before the expiration of the time given for the
arrangements specified. Indeed the truce was never recog-
nised by that general, who seems to have acted under differ-
ent orders from those given to William, so that the poor
Poles could not tell who had the authority. On the score of
cruelties committed, Oen. Von Colomb has given his own
testimony against his troops, which I inclose :
GENRRAL Genres 11.1.. TO Tile PIVAPIAN TlLOOrk—Tegterday,
during the passage of the army through Snide, soldiers belonging to
awe. the landwehr regiments have committed mimes contrary to all
military dieripline. A priest and his house have been plundered, and
the windows broken. Besides, moor report. of crimes of different
Wads hese reached me. Immediote Inquiry has been instituted, and
thia guilty parties will be punished. such misdeeds, if repeated.
wart throw a stigma on the whole army. 1 call, therefore, on all
the commAndcrat, officers, oral rum-commissioned Whores, to maintain
the 14fICIest among the soldiers. If any of them should
show himself too lenient and rare:vas, I a ill treat him with the at-
stoat severity. As to the soldiers, I Cruet they will so far regard their
own good name that they will not allow themselves to be sullied by
individual excesses.—(Signed; Vox Colors. Smartt April 16.
The principal provisions of the convention entered into by
Oen. Willisen and the Poles on April 11 stipulated—l. That
the principal officials employed in the grand duchy are to
be Poles, as guaranteed in 1815, and that all the
minor functionaries are to be Poles and Germans,
according to the numerical proportion of the
two populations. 2. The administration of the luchy
to form an entirely compact and independent body. 3,
The army of Posen will also form a totally distinct body, so
much so that no Poles will ever be recruited into the ranks
of other Prussian corps, nor any Prussian &detailed into the
ranks of the Posranian army. 4. That this army is to have
national colours, and the word of command in Pictish, or in
German, according to the composition of the battalions. 5.
That over and above this landwehr army, there will be
formed a division of the line entirely and exclusively Polish.
0. The Polish camps will disperse, with the exception of
those who have chosen to be incorporated into the army
about to be formed. Es-cry one of those who go home will
retain his arms as his property, but the arms will be carried
after them on waggons. This is to be done immediately. On
the second day the landwehr will he dismissed and pro-
ceed to join its regiments. On the third day all the
remaining volunteers will be formed into battalions and four
squadrons. Each battalion not to exceed 600 men, and each
squadron not to emceed 120 men. Th. ee four divisions will
occupy the following four prints Wreschen,
Xionz, and I'leschen. They will remain under their com-
manders and maintain themselves from their own resources
under the inspection of Colonel Brandt ; but as soon as they
shall be incorporated with the Posen division, they will re-
ceive pay from government. When this shall have been
done, viz-, at Sroda on the 14th, at Wreechen, on the
lith, at Xionz on the 16th, at rieschen on the
lith, the Prussian army will be withdrawn, all military
proceedings showed, and the formal organisation will be
begun without delay. No landwehr soldiers, no deserter will
be liable to any responsibility, and no fugitive from the king-
dom of Poland will be delivered over. All the requisitions
and contributions will be compensated, sea all private pro-
perty restored by both parties. All the other bodies not be-
longing to the feur camps abovenamed, will partly he dis-
banded, partly incorporated with the Polish divisions.
The letter quoted by the Times from the Cologne Ga•
retie, addressed by the Archbishop of Posen to the clergy of
his diocese, in which, wonderful to say, that luminary dis-
covered was direeed against the Poles, and in favour of the
Germans, runs as follows :
I have learned, to my great sorrow, that enemies to oar church
are taking all ssible pains to mislead the German eirePs of the dio-
meet of Posen, is order to induce a separatien from the grand Melly,
and an incorporation of those circles into the confederation of Ger-
many. It is of the greatest importance to meet firmly these ma•
chinatious, and to ascertain the free and uuinfluenced opinion of the
German population in this respect I. therefore, beg of your rever-
ence to assemble your parishioners, and to record in • protocol their
views as to whether they are easily indifferent to the country with
whose nationality they have become amalgamated, but above all
whether, in spite of their religious connexion, they desire such a pe-
nman in from the grand duchy, and wish to be incorporated with the
confederation, where their claims on a religious score may lore pro-
tection and importance. I t corfident that your revel epee will ex.
plain to your parishioners the nature of the misrepresentatimm that
have been circulated by. our enemies, and will place the facts in their
true light. I Pilaff sinuously look for your report of the declaration
of soar parishioners, which such as art not able to write should sign
with a cram, and remain, &c. he.
This letter, it must be observed, was published in the face
of the Prussinn troops, which were scouring the country, so
that an appeal of the kind would hear with it nothing of an
intimidating character. The motive of the Times for falsi-
fying it, it is not easy to divine.
Our correspondent at Cologne writes as follows,
ander the date of Cologne :
It is certain that the entire province of Posen is in insur-
rection; but now that the Poles have gained the upper
hand in several places, as et Miloslaw, Obornik, and Wets.
then, the accounts from Posen are very scanty. It is admit-
ted, however, that Gen. Hirschfeld was 'ducked and de-
feated in the last-named place, and pursued ae far an
Sokolowo, the property of Count Ponir.ski, whose chateau
the fugitive Prussians set on fire. The loss on both sides is
already very great. Orders have been given to disband and
disarm the civic guard of Posen, as that body has not an-
swered. the purpose fur which it was formed. and has
created distrust among the public. Mieroslawski has threat-
ened to use reprisals, if Polish prisoners be shot. It ap-
pears by all accounts that the recent disturbances in Treves
were not of a political nature, but were solely caused by the
insulting conduct of a portion of the garrison. It is true
that after the numerous barricades had been erected the
civic guard and the citizens in general resolved to defend
and maintain them, bet it is stated that they did so in order
to prevent a collision between the military and the excitable
portion of the inhabitants.
On the 4th inst. some alarm was created in Berlin lr
a public procession of 1,500 men, who went to the house
the President of the Supreme Court of Jue.icature, in order
to petition for the release of a young man who was recently
arrested. The civic guard were called out for the first time
since the memorable 18th of May, the genedarmes galloped
through the streets of the capital. No attempts, however,
were made to create disturbances.
Serious disturbances broke out on the Ist inst. in
Braunsherg, a large town in the province of Prussia. The
citizens made use of their fire-arms, and some persons were
killed. The cause of the disturbance is not stated.
BAVARIA.—The civic authorities of Augsburg
have entered into an arrangement with the brewers
to lower the price of beer, the city making up the
difference between the new and old price.
AUSTRIA.—The Polish deputation in Vienna has
solemnly protested against that part of the new con-
stitution in Austria which confounds the representa-
tion of the " kingdom" of Gallicia with the diet to be
held in Vienna.

SWITZERLAND.—The Journal de Geneve, in a
correspondenco from Bile Camprigne, says Hecker had
arrived at Lieithal with his aide-de-camp, Schoeninger. lie
had returned from thence to Muttenr..
TILE FRENCH WEST INDIES.—The French
journals contain flattering accounts of the manner in which
the mission of General Rostoland had been received in the
French Antilles. We announced at the time (exclusively)
the sailing of the general from Southampton in the Avon on
the 2nd of March. On the 28th of that month he intimated
to the colonists t' at he had superseded General Matthieu in
the government of Martinique by a proclamation sufficiently
general in its language. On the 4th of April a more detailed
and explicit document was issued by M. Layale, governor of
Guadeloupe. All the constituted authorities in both islands
have given in their adhesion to the new order of things.
The Colonial Council of Martinique, in an address to the
Provisional Government, professes to be delighted Otter alas
with the prospect of entire and immediate emancipation
of the slaves. The slaves in Besse Terre (Guadeloupe)
have issued a declaration of their satisfaction with the ap-
proaching change, to which the slaves in several rural ma-
nufactories (ntazers) have adhered. The negrom in both
islands were perfectly quiet. The planters were not without
their misgiving' as to the likelihood of the slaves continuing
to labour after emancipation. The regulations of the home
government by which the change was to be effected, were
patiently awaited by all parties. The islands were suffering
from a monetary crisis. Various remedies had been sug-
gested. A Guadeloupe newspaper suggests that all the ports
of the French Antilles should be declared free ports.