The Express.
London, England, 1848-08-03 00:00:00

?!'hr court.

OSBORNE, WEDNESDAY.—Lteut.-001. Seymour left
Osborne }esterday, and eras succeeded in his duties, as
Equerry to the Prance, by Col. Wylde. Col. the Hon. C.
B. Puipps has succen,ed Ocn. Wemyss as Equerry to the
Queen.

IRISH AMELIORATION SOCIETY.
Yesterday a public meeting, to Corm a society under
the above I tile, was hi Id tit the Hanover-square Rooms.—
Lord lle MAI:LEY presi,:ed, and in o, ening the proceedings
expressed the pleasure which he felt in coming forward to
submit to the assembly a project for the establishment of a
society for umelioratint the condition of the Irish people ;
and bin regret that the preisure of public business prevented
the attendance of many Irish members of parliament, who
he was sure would othi Twine have lent their support upon
the occasion. It might seem somewhat presumptuous for a
party 01 private gentlemen to come forward to effect such
tmportsnt objects, especially when it was remembered what
governm-nt had failed to do la,t session. Bus he was of opi-
nion 'bar Ireland was more likely to derive benefit from pri-
vate than Worn r uhlic moistener ; b canoe, when it was
known that government was at work, private individuals
too often considered their exertions to be unnecessary. He
had not had experience of the merits of the plans of the
society, and therefore could give no decided opinion with re-
gard to them. But it seemed to him that carbonised peat,
the preparation of which was a principal feature of the plan,
was likely to be an article of general utility, and to meet with
a geeeral sale. If, then, the plan succeeded, there could be
no doubt that a vast field of labour would be opened in Ire
land which would prove the best means of ameliorating pre-
sent evils and raising the tone of Irish society. Having been
called upon recently by his sense of duty to support the go-
vernment in the measures of severity which they had found
it necessary to adopt, in order to suppress the disturbances in
that country, he was the more happy to have the opportu-
nity of coming forward with a view to its benefit.
Mr. Hoorn then read a statement of the plans of the
society, of which the fallowing are the main points :
The society i+ to be called the Irish Amelioration Society (to be in-
corporated by royal chaster), to employ the peasantry in the prepara-
tion of peat feel and charcoal; and, by removing the peat, to effect
the full reclamation of the bog hinds; the surplus profits to be ex-
tended in improving the social condition of the people, grounded on
the report made to the Relief Commissioners of Ireland, by Japer W.
Tr.. btq., C.F.. The prospectus says: The report made to the
it e Cowmtrsinners of Ireland upon the preparation of the peat of
that mushy, and its conversion into charcoal, shows from the ex-
p!rieace of eminent practical authorities, that It possesses most desire-
"' qualities for affricultursi, manufacturing, household, and general
purposes
. After describing the twee to which peat charcoal can be
It proceeds : The peat bogs of Ireland extend over 3,000,000
acres. It is the object of the society to prepare from these, by means
of the overplov labour of the country, an article whirls must command
almost unlimited sale • while general employment will be given to
the inhabitants, and 'the land reclaimed for profitable cultivation.
The dfainage of the hogs is shown to be neither difficult nor expen-
sive, by the reports of The Commissioners appointed to inquire into
the nature and extent of the several bop in Ireland, and the
pricticiinlity of drainlag and cultivating them ;" and the society
bare already agreed with the Marquis of Sligo and Lord
De Preys* for Wee tracts of bog land, admirably minuted In the
mantles of Mayo and Roscommon ; and are In communication
wtN landed fawptietors la several ether ootuitlee on the 'abject.

It b. intended that the plan of operation shall be upon the prin-
'hilt laid down In report to the relief commissio ers—namely, by
task-work "and " money payments•" The satiety pummels esta-
blishing, in dedrable position throughout the country, stations foe
the final drying and preparation of peat. and its conversion Into
charcoal; having at each one confidential officer, to be aided by a suf.
&dent number of labouring &militants, paying at once in money a
given sum per Ineitalre for all peat brought in for sale by the pea-
santry on their piling It bi the drying houses. And with the view
more fully to promote the objects of the society, it is proposed to rent
or purcha, hog land, on which the peusantry shall be employed,
to be paid manner; the society providing every neces-
sary faciaty, and a ample apparatus for cutting and pre-
aerving the pest, in any weather sufficiently dry for out-door labour.
It is intended, as kinds cleared of peat, to divide it into holdings, of
an ext-at suited to the district, buildings .4 improved construe-
tton ; and to let some of these farms to those whose Industry hue been
most conspicuous at each Mattes, provided they have saved sufficient
capital for undertaking the culture; and in process of time It is also
intended, under certain restrictions, to provide the deserving labourer
with a cottage and small garden. In all ewes power will be reserved
to take immedmte possession should n div.sion of holdinge be at-
tempted. It . estimates! that one million or messy will be paid en.
rurally for Latour in cutting peat dare, to the now but half employed
laboring claw, in addition to large sums for carriage, kre., and from
2,000 to .1,000 acre. if the most valuable land may be reclaimed yearly
particularly fitted for the culture of flax, which tray be made tn dis-
tribute at least an equal annual amount. All expenititure for building
reading and lecture-room,, salaries to readers, lecturers, Yee., and
purchase of books, li to be defrayed out of the '• Amelioration Fund ;"
also, of macho:lee and ad other aliphatic., fur the prem.:ion of gas ;
and the not of reed supplied to those desirous to commence Its culti-
vation is to be repaid out of the produce of the crop. l'enions will lie
employed at each peat stet on perfectly competent to teach the whole
!mere. wa of rowing and montriacture; whom bu•ineas it shall be to
instruct the peasantry, according to fully prove I
peOeeideee which have
been already carried inbi effect elatwhere ; and when the ameliora-
tion fund exeeede in amount the necemary outlay for the.. purport%
it is intend.) tlvit the helivoe shall he applied to eWablich at each
motion a loan fuel, and an efficient dispensary, under the "Loan
Fund" Act.

Mr. Rooms then made some additional explanations of
the plan. The frftMll that the peat Jidda hod not be, n
made use of was, that there had been no proper means
brought forward for preparing the fuel. Thepest as at present
prepared by the leasants contained 30 or 40 per cent. of
aqaeous matter, which rendered it comparatively unfit for
fuel. By the plan pronosed to le adopted be the society
(which he described with some minuteness), this evil would
oe avoided. The ',hanger the peat would be conducted on
proper principles, and it would be dried and press d through
the medians of machinery prepared fur the purpose.
The lte•. Mr. STODDART then MOT, d

That tie, meeting Ia of opinion that the discontent in Ireimul iv
greatly attributable to the miserable conditioner its people ; and that
the moo effectual mode of removing it M. by providing them eaten.
aively with the means ot remunerative labour.
Mr. FITZWILLIAY having briefly seconded the resolution,
and Mr. Rogers having satislactorily answered some ques-
tions relative to the walking out of his plan, the resolution
was ado,A, d unar,iinously
n Unions then moved!

That remunerative latxiur may be found for the Irfah perinantry by
employing them far cutting the peat for its converaion into charcoal,
for agricultural, dome-tie, sanitary, and manufacturing purpoitem ;
while the removal of the peat will render the laud tit for immediate
cultivation.

G neral 11'1,Eon seconded the resolution, which was also
adopted.
Mr. G. THOMPSON! M P then moved •

Tint the principle on which the Mill Amelioration Society is
found. d will afford practicable means for the continuous employment
of the fete rwawintry ; and that Chia meeting pledges itself to give it
every araist.inee, whether by sulywription to the aunchoration aid
Fund, by taking shares, or incueing others to do eo.
Without being able to state from practical experience his
opinion of the plan of the society, he thought the advantages
which it Aired were of a character that entitled it to the
cons.deration of the pub ic. He points I oat the connexion
bet** n physictl and mord amelioration, and the recessity
fur effecting the one before the other could he secured. The
present condition of Ireland rendered some measures neces-
sary in order to secure that content which could tint exist
white so large an amount of destitution prevailed.—Mr.
PINNED seconded the resolution, which wt.a carried una-
nimously.
A complimentary vote to the chairman brought the pro-
ceedings t, a close.

ELECTION OF SHERIFFS, YESTERDAY.—CLOSE OF
THE SECOND DAV'. Pont..—Alderman Finals, 149; Good.
but, 143; Bewley, 4; Dyce, 3: Lawrence, I.
A BANQUET TO LIEL'T.-GEN. SIR CHARLES J.
NAEntu. lam Governor of Seinde, was given yesterday, by
the members of the Junior United Servicr Club. Tte Earl
of Ell. nhorough, Lieut.-Gan. Sir J. Macdonald, Major-Gen.
Sir W. Napier, and Major W. Napier ('2sth Regt.) were
the guests invited to meet the gallant general. Captain
Boblero, M.P., presided. The banquet was most sumptuous,
and served up in the saloon of the clubhouse, with remark-
able elegance. Covers were laid for upwards of GO persons.
Col. Pennefather, C. 8., filled the vice-chair.—Sir C.. 1
Napier, 0.C.8., on rising to return thanks on his health
being drunk, was cordially greeted by the company. He said
he could not b.: otherwise.than highly gratified with the
tlatteriog testimony of theif approbation. He received this
mark of their regard as he received all compliments, as due
to the bravest of troops. They bad fought two battles—
Maeanee and Hyderahad—in a manner which required no
eulogium. The young,soldieN in their advance were met by
fire and awor l—(cheers.)— and their steadiness was admir-
able against the overwhelming toe. He could not separate
the Queen's from the Company's officers, for their conduct on
those occasions was meritorious beyond all praise, (or they
were always to be found in the front cheering their men on.
(Cheers.) He could not arrogate to himself that which was
due to them, and he was sure they all would agree that these
battles were desperately fought and desperately won.
He saw before him a brother officer (Col. Pennefather) who
had led on the 22nd Regiment in two successive engage.
ments, and he could hear testimony that that regiment had
been severely tried. The gallant general then adver'ed to
the commerce of India after 30 years of peace in Europe;
and claimed the attention of the company to paint out what
had been done for commerce in Indic while that country
was under the governorship of the Earl of Ellenborough.
Sir Charles, at considerable lem:th, said that up to
the period of the noble earl going to India the Indus
and its tributaries, forming an inland navigation of
two thousand miles, was closed by the ameers, and all
the r towns and harbours were strongly fortified against
friend and foe. Scinde, during the earl's administration,
was attached to the British dominions, and in doing so he
opened those 2,000 miles and all toe nations on the lett bank
of the Sutlej to British commerce and er terprise. (Cheers.)
The gallant general then minted out the great facilitit that
Scheele stforded for the enterprise of the merchants of this
country and India; and, after asaertiog that he had made
those observations as the policy of Scinde was not generally
well known, he concluded by drinking prosperity to the
Junior United Service Club, and all their very good healthe.
—The party broke up about 12.
SANITARY STATE OF ST. MARTIN IN THE FIELDS.
—Yesterday the adjourned vestry meetinv of this pariah, for
the purpose of receiving the state of the poll on Mr. Coch-
rane's amt ndment (see the Ea-press of Friday last) with
reference to the appointment of a committee to inquire into
the sanitary state of the pariah, took place, the Rev. H.
Mackenzie, the vicar, in the chair. The numbers announced
were, for Mr. Cochrane's amtulment, 32x9: against it, 979;
majority, 6-50. Mr. Brookes moved the following amend-
ment to the original resolution, proposed by Mr. Staunton on
Thursday last, which was seconded by Mr. Laing and
carried:
That a petition be imreedintely presented to the how,e of parlia-
ment to pass a bill for improvang the sanitary condition of the metro-
polis or, if time will not pm mit such a mea,ure. thee temporarily to
renew the Act 9 & 10 Victoria, cm. 96, to coalb'e paving boards,
or boards of guardians, with the assistance of the magistrate., to pre-
vent and abate all nuisances detrimental to the public health an
speedily, extensively, and effectually, as the urgent circumstances of
this parish and the metropolis remtire.
A committee consisting of the vicar, the churchwardens' and
Messrs Staunton, Leonard, Breokes, and Lamm', havincheen
app tinted to draw up the petition, Mr. W) Id, M.l'., con-
tended that the proper persons to attend to the sanitary
state of the metropolis were the metropolitan commissioners
of sewers. He moved the following resolution :
That this meeting is of opinion that the boot of commissioners
for the regulation of the metropolitan newers ehmild be composed of
representatives chosen from the different 'metropolitan boards. That
the accounts of the metropolitan sewers eommheion should be
audited once every Pia months, and that &statement of such accounts
should be .1 rat to the vestry clerk of every perish within the mewed.-
Rion, for the inspection of ratepayers. The, a petition founded upon
this resolution be presented to both houses of parliament, praying
that this principle be embodies' in the bill introdneed by Lord Moe-
loth, and now before parliament, entitled, " A Full to consolidate the
Metropolitan Commission of Sewers."
—Mr. Brookes seconded. this resolution, which was carried.
After some discussion, it was moved and carried that this
resolution should be referred to the coma ittee named above;
and also, that the boards of other parishes should be re-
quested to assist the committee in their endeavours to obtain
good sanitary measures.
MEETING OF CIIARTISTS, AND REPEAGERS.—Lint
night a meeting of the allied chartists and repealers was
held in the Milton-street Theatre, for the purpose of consi-
dering the present unhappy state of Ireland, and also the
impoverished and degraded state of England. Government.
reporters were in attendVnee.—A Mr. Thompson, who was
duly vat, d to the chair, slid he had he and that that was the
last tim., they would have an opportunity of meeting in that
theatre to consider the important question before them.
Ile was informed that the proprietor of the building had
determined on not letting it for any more chartist meetings.
He went on to say that the poor had asked for reform in
every shape and way. They had asked for Mr. Hume's
reform, for the charter, and yet they fouad them-
selves just in the same position as they were years ago.
After denying the right of a comparatively few to the
session of the land, he said the people would never be sa-tie.
tied until the principle was granted, that every one
had a right to be fed. If they were only banded together
they would, backed by the middle clastee—(groans)—yes, he
would say backed by the middle classes—they would be sure
to succeed, as they did in 1832, when they got the Refor
Bill : the poop)' refused to pay taxes. If tne two hundred
thousand special constables who were out en the 10th of
April had only demanded reform, all this excitement in
England, and bloodshed in Ireland, would have been saved.
He concluded by stating that the government was basking
the Irish landorda to starve the people, and mods the
latter by soldiers and policemen, who only entered On tho
duty becauie they_ could get no other employment sad
were starving. Mr. Lidding moved the first resolution,
which was:
That thin meeting is of opinion that the conduct of the pressed
ministry towards our sister country is nejoet and tyrannical, and
therefore pledges itself to assist her by every means within its power;
and, further, se they hold in abhorrence the shedding of human blood,
and bold that Ireland may be easily governed by just and righteous
leeielation, hereby call on the ministry to withdraw the military and
naval times from that unhappy country.
The resolution was seconded and carried amidst deafening
cheer.—Mr. Mullins moved the second resolution :
That, in the opinion of the meeting, the present frightful condition
of Ireland is solely to be ascribed to bad legislation, and that the
system of m4orernment Ls being daily more and more intruded to.
wards England. and we hereby tall upon the men in power to turn
aside the tide of civil war which now rages, toehange their measures
of government towards England as well as Ireland.
The resolution was carried by acclamation ; end after • little
more speaking from the platform, and a great deal of cla,