The Express.
London, England, 1846-12-07 00:00:00

%---- ----- . ------------__ __ _
- n OYAL POLHY NIC IN S'f ITUTION.— shnnk from extenduig the electaral4:ranchisc to blacks
BY PERMISMON.-FROFF.SSOIt e•CIItENBLIN'S in their own states.
rON• difkrinf fmn all other silcanem "eta', "re the "b. This general decay of en
ilk is lectured on, wit otha
the: Compannds, by Dr.. Ryan, _. , . ., , thr.s.iftsTll, or subsiding of
daily, at half-past Throe; and on the Evenings of Mondays, M eines- political elks i es.coce, schi eh is at the present°mo-
dere, and Fridays. The principle of the XLECTRIC TELEX:RANI meat common to t',e tjliit_..,l States and the mother
dematostrated by Professor hachhoffner. The OxyhYdrogen ele
Osamte Microscopes ;the Physimeope ; Diving hiperitrnte ;I e country, "e"", co tell favourably for the American
Thithaving View% b 7 "I'l'o St"bs 1C•—•44m12"°14 1 ; r'‘e-hp°lll Whigs, sivl.., to be the chief cause of their success.
_ ____________----r--- Surely it
UM-price.
ILSON'S se-Offisa El
SO" extre^ • .
ouOit to prompt them to entertain, less
-wrr ENGAOMENT of Mr. WILSON at the watt- _. ..ie opinions on the only question in which they
LEstreet,SONFEartman..uLlTEßAtYvana._thieClEvitNaTtNt.l.S.,lN,,S.T,.l,l‘.l;elsflucONn,y),,Edwards r ..e enthusiastic, and which unfortunately is prohiition.
-,., -ea.ser 9. -- ------'---
1646' at•l.' - ..
°lt."'
lir.
W-*-
rQO'N—vrill'''' ilve cos. ri .... ~.diebratta
'`.............., is Itts.ri'on the SONGS of SCO 'l,', ND, inetodingrseiv;o73l.
favourite Songs, and some of the old Ilvads, _pianoforte, Id r.
meet
to
The doors will be opened at balf-e:ast seven, the ente
toramme.
commence at eight and terminate about ten. 'Mutt, and p .
of
the
to te bad at the institution. 'Received scats 2s. fal.; hodY t.
theatre, is 6d.

committeeman is not a partner (the Times admits that
he is not), and because there is no constituted coin- 1
pany in existence whose rules may determine his 1
liabilities, that the question what these liabilities
are is one of fact (as the Court of Exchequer have
ruled), not of law (as the Times would make it).
It is not for us to lay down the law with the autho-
ritative voice of judges, much less in the ultra-magis-
terial tone of authority, with which the Times is
accustomed to speak. Seeing, however, that the
respons.bilities of provisional committeemen, not being
prescribed in any statute, must be regulated by the
common law, we believe that its precedents will be
found sufficient to show what these responsibilities
arc. The position. ',',.; :,;;;; C's;:amlttee I:1 aii inchoate
rall":7; Company appears amtiigous to that ;.: a club
committee. lu the Case of FLEMSNG I'. HECTOR,
Lord ARINGER declared, that a tradesman who has
supplied goods to a club " cannot recover against a
member of the committee, unless he shows that the
person making the contract was agent for the de-
fender, and by him authorised to enter into the con-
tract in his behalf." In other words, whereas in the
case of partnership agency is implied by law, in the
case of a club committee the agency must be proved.
In the case of an ordinary partnership, parties receiv-
ing orders or employment are warranted to assume
that any one partner acts for, and is responsible for, the
whole. In the case of definitively constituted com-
' panics, they are warranted to assume that any direc-
tor or manager is entitled to act, and is responsible
within the limit of the functions devolved upon him
, b the constitution of the company. But neither the
- Lay wof the land, nor the custom of merchants, has
ever attributed such consequences to an engagement
to co-operate with others in the formation of a future
company. Nay, the decisions of the Courts in the case
quoted above, and in the case of TODD r. EstLY, esta-
blish, that a cloN,ly analogous agreement floes not en-
tail any such liabilities upon the parties entering into
it.•
According to this view of the question, the liability
of a provisional committeeman is in each individual
ease a question for a jury, to be decided on its own
special circumstances. The proper questions for the
jury are : whether the defendant authorised the in-
sertion of his name in the list of the provisional com-
mittee 9—whether he authorised the managing com-
mittee or their agents to pledge his credit for the
debts of the concern? A failure to prove the affirma-
tive of the first question will of course exonerate the
defendant. Even should it be proved that he gave
authority to insert his name in the list, if no evidence
be given to show a delegation of authority in addi-
tion to his consent to become a member of the pro-
visional committee, the verdict will have to be entered
fur the defendant. To prove such delegation, various
kinds of evidence of course may be adduced—the pro-
visions of the deed of settlement, the terms of the
pus, &c.: but it requires to be proved.

WE are not sorry-to see public attention turned
towards Smithfield. ....Though there are matters of
sanitary repletion infinitely more •L;sB,,-172g than the
a'oolition -Of the metr(7l;;:iiiin cattle mart, we trust
that the City will renew its efforts for the reit:Seal d
this nuisance, unsuccessfully made some thirty years
ago, when the bill for displacing theme ket was sup-
ported by the Corporation and oppo effect bv
an incongruous association of private interests, induct-
inF Bartholomew's Hospital and the cattle salesmen.
fhe inhabitants of the immediate vicinity of
for
are glad to tolerate the nuisanco for the
sake of the profits. The district has grown round the
market—its taverns appease market hunger; its
clothiers appeal to market taste; its bank discounts
market bills ; and its hospital receives market acci-
dents. But the unfortunate inhabitants of the
n streets
between Islington or Whitechapel, and the scene of
Monday's cattle sale, have no web consolation for the
annoyance to which they are exposed, from the
droves of oxen, sheep, and pigs, which destroy
their sleep, and make the neighbourhood dan-
gerous on Sunday nights. Their
us a con venience, hbanceo
j w-
ever, would not justify
so serio distur of
private interests, as the removal of the
accidents market
would render necessary. Even the
which occur around the market itself from beasts
goaded to madness, with the hardening and degrad-
e.ffects of a weekly scene of unparalleled cruelty,
serious as these are, can hardly be considered sufficient
grounds for the change.
Far greater than the positive evils of the market
itself, its cruelties, its confusion, its brutal violence,
and its orgies, are those which grow and group
themselves round about the arena of these
excesses. The slaughter-houses of Warwick-
lane and Newgate-market must disappear with
Smithfield, or Smithfield may remain for its
present uses. In these places, lying necessarily
close about the market, the business of slaugh-
tering for the carcass butcher is carried on with
unnecessary and mischievous brutality. The places
of destruction, which for sanitary considerations
should be psculiary airy and sweet, arc most of them
disgusting, unventilated dens, often under ground,
into which the beasts are tumbled headlong, and
where filth, animal remains, and orduie, are
allowed to putrify, till they are so many
centres of infection. Tho population, living
rn
daily witness of these barbarous and loath-,
some executions, suffer from them not only physi-
cally but morally. It is a fact well known to
the police, that around such places are congre-
gated the most abandoned of both sexes, and of all
ages. And, besides the slaughter-houses, there exist
in their neighbourhood many other establishments
depending on these, all of them nuisances to a greater
or less degree. Preparers of guts, glue, and bone
black, tallow melters, bone gatherers and grinders,
and all the other callings which convert the spoils of
animal death to the uses of the living, find themselves
most conveniently situated near the cattle-market and
the slaughter-house. Almost all of these manufactures
give out unwholesome and disgusting exhal
heations.
has
No man knows what London stinks are, till
traversed their chief scat in the Saffron-hl district
on a summer's day. And true to the unerring law,
vice and misery stick to the skirts of filth and putre-
I scence. This connexion is more than an accidental or
economical one. It is certainly and positively one of
cause and effect. Misery or filth alone may be barren;
but once wed them, and vice and crime, hideous
twins, are the certain issue.
Let us, however, suppose the cattle market of
London transported outside the city. The notion will
appear to many, perhaps, a wild and chimerical one.
We shall be told of failures of similar attempts
made by private enterprise, well directed, yet ruinous
to their projectors. at e shall be reminded of the re-
peated failures of the city efforts for a removal, and
even a reform of Smithfield market between
1802 and 1610. Those who recommend the change
(the promoters of the company now forming for the
establishment of public abattoirs like those of Paris)
must be prepared for an opposition fiercer than even
private interests usually engender.
Fortunately, the city is not very deeply interested.
It derives from Smithfield a net revenue of not more
than 3,0001. per annum. But the various and nume-
rous callings bound up with the tremendous meat
supply of London, the 200,000 oxen, and 2,000,000
of smaller cattle, which the vast Babylon yearly
sucks into her absorbing maw, will no doubt be on
the alert against a measure, supposed to be pre-
judicial to their interests, in the same proportion
as it is favourable to those of the public. Only by
the aid of the consumers' will, as embodied in the
I louses of Parliament, can sucht, a combination be set
at nought.
What the strong sense and iron will of NAPOLEON
effected in France, when, in 1810, he founded the
five great abattoirs of Paris, can only be done
amongst us by the strongly-expressed determination
of the inhabitants of London distinctly conveyed to
the legislature. The advantages of the combination
of market, slaughter-house, gut, glue, tallow,
similar manufactories, within the same or contiguous
areas in the outskirts of London, instead of, as now,
in the heart of it, must be great, both economically,
physically, and morally. The quality of the meat
would be materially improved by the doing
away with the brutal goading and beating
necessary under the present Smithfield system.
A saving would be effected by the juxtaposition
of branch establishments now separated by the narrow
alleys, which they infect and stifle. Processes, which
will never be applied, while these places crouch amidst
the ignorance and abomination of their present locali-
ties, may be carried out, when they group themselves
in spacious, neat, well-aired buildings. These pro-
cesses may have either disinfecting or utilising objects.
The application of chemical knowledge to the carcass
of a horse in the Parisian erarissape, gives to the body
which, with the breath in it, is worth to the slaugh-
terer some la francs, a value of 60. There is no
reason why, under the effects of analogous system,
the same gain should not be made in London. It
would be long before 400 per cent. is realised out of
the atrocities of the knackers' yards.
We may, perhaps, return to this subject when the
Abattoir Company have published their promised
scospectus.

orElPPhitrs SOI It k.bb DAN SANT ES.—
I
PRINCESS'S CONCERT ROOMS, THIS EVENING, Dec.
'
7, and every Monday. A subscriber of Two Guinea* is entiCed to
many
transfersble ticket for six nights, to admit a lady and gentle
tbe sutweription can COMUICIWX on any Monday. Single tickets 7s.
each. The band consists of the same artistes as attend her Majesty's
State Balls and Almack's. Conductor, Mr. Weippert ; leader, Signor
Zerbini ; princiixiol Cori 4.1-Pistons, bir. Handley till.C., Mr.
Ore.moment
relo. ' clock. Tickets, Ise., atWeiptiert` Q
21, Soho-an ua________--------------
Orr( LECTUB.E Tal: A'l RE, Milton-street,
R,J linsbuy-squarc.—A GRAND EVENING CONCERT will take
place THIS EVENING, Doc. 7, at the above Theatre, supported
bye following diatinvialied Artistes : —Misses A. any M. Williama,
Man Thornton, Mies
A. Ilineks, Mr. Rafter, Mr. Leffler,
Mr. T. Wil-
liams, Mr. J. V. Collet, and Mr. John Parry.—To commence at half-
past WM preeisely.-13oxes, 24.; Pit, Is. bil.; Gallery, Is.
Mr. Field Iris kindly given up the Theatre this cocaine for the
above purpoac. He will continue to give hia Entertainment every
Monday and Wednesday evening till further
ETHIOPIAN SatENAD EltS.-6 r. JAM r;:,' S
THEATRE.—The celebrated Ethiopian Serenaders, Pell, Har-
rington, White, Stanwood, and Gerlll33l, WillAC entertainments last
sewn were eo eminently sweeps:al, will hate the honour of resuming
their entertainments, at the above theatre, on TUESDAY EVENING,
Decemher 15, and of continuing the came every Tesday,Thursday,
and Saturday cveninga, during the Christmas holidays. Full parti-
culars will be duly announced. Bogie, stalls, and places may be
engaged at Mitchell's Royal Library, 31, Old Bond-street, and at the
Box Office.

-----7-------
YeEUNI Mr. ALLCB.OI. rs
THEArlib.
4...4 PROMENADE CONCERTS.—LASTTURN NIGHT BUT SEVEN.—
FIRST APPEARANCR of the wonderful ER FAMlLY.—Pro-
franune for t-night (Monday, Dee. 7) : Overture, Ruler of the Spirit*;
olka, La Vioennolv; Operatic Selection, Lee Ilurr
theueraPy.N be Mr. ;
Dietin and his Four Bone an the Sax-Ilornii; Waltz, alades
Ballad. Mr. sinelair ; Trio, Miseee Rosina and Caroline Tallier on the
Harp, and Moo SopliiaTurner on the Violin ; Polka, Victoria-Albert; 1
Diatin't Military Quadrille. Part ll.—OperatieSelecumt, Go, (litho e ;
Fantasia, Harp, Mr. FreileriekChatterton ; Vocal Trio, Hems, U., T.,
and W. Diatin, " Down ainotut the Dead Men; Quadrille, Meagregor ;
8010 on the Alto Sax-Horn, Mr. 11. Distin ; Overture, Heppe,:
Fluale, Tarantella. Conductor, M. Segri; Leaders, Metiers. Mwall and Thomas.—Pit, promenade, and Upper Boren, le.; Drees
Circle, 2e. ed.; PTIVIIIO BOICS, 10e. &I. sad- 21s. Application to be
made at the Box-odlee.

YCEU T H EAT it .Ntr. ALLCItOFT'S
LA !SEA POLI TAN 13AL MASQUE will take place cat WED-
NESDAY, December 16, ISM, It being positively the last
Nils season. A new orchestra will be erected at thy extremity
of the stage, leaving a spacham Etrta, wli,eh will be newly
carpeted, the entire theatre will be brilliantly illuminated and
ornamented. The oreheatra will COMIS4 of owe hundred lirst-rate
artists. For the comfort of the visitors, twelve masters of the cere-
monies Woe been appointed. Ladies' tickets, 3s. ; gentlemen's
ticketa, rd.; Spectators ',dress circle), 45.: Upper buses, 2.e. Gd. ;
Gallery, ls. Application for tickets, private boles, and places to be
made td the Box-otfLe, and at G 2, pnt-street, and 13, New Bond.
stre-t. Doors open at balf-past Nine;
dancing conirnenes nt Ten.
Mr. Sinnonds, of Tavlstock-street, Govent-ganden, is appointed

• This view will be found well ',toted and illustrated in an Appcnilia
on the " Liability of Railway Companies " to a Second Edition of
ltraom'a " Practical Itules for determining Failing to Actions," Just
published.

THERE is, we think, a disposition to press too
hardly on Lord MAIDSTONE, in reference to a late
action against him at the suit of the widow of the
notorious CROCKFORD. The establishment of which
that person was proprietor had, it is well known, a
double character : it was a club, conducted on ordi-
nary club principles, to such of its members as chose
to use it in that capacity; it was, in addition, a
gambling-house to such as were addicted to play.
Members who treated it as a club only were, it has
always been understood, expected to pay an entrance-
fee, an annual subscription, and their coffee-room
bills; whilst members, out of whose follies or vices
its
proprietor had the usual high chances of profit, neces-
sarily attendant on his presidency over the gaming-
table, were exempt from these petty liabilities.
Unfortunately for himself—and herein layhis faults—
Lord MAIDsTONE belonged to the latter class of mem-
bers ; he was not called on by CROCKFORD to pay any
entrance fee ; he was not asked by that person for
any yearly subscription; on the contrary, he was
allowed by that great panderer to the weaknesses,
and plunderer of the pockets of the aristocracy, not
only to remain un-dunned in these trifling respects for
three years, but to dine, and to supply his friends
and his mistress with dinners, without any appli-
cation for payment. Even for some lengthened
period after CROCKIORD'S death, Lord MAID-
STONE appears to have been unmolested on
the subject; until, when dropping, it is to
be hoped, youthful vices and marrying, an attorney
who indemnifies the widow of CROCKFORD against
all costs, hoping to receive 10 per cent. (besides
costs) in all claims recovered, charges him, writ in
hand, for these so-called arrears. To this action his
lordship pleaded, that the club in question was a
common gambling-house, and that its proprietor, or
bis representative, could not, consequently, maintain
suit for goods supplied, or subscription due therein.
This defence failed, because CaocKsonu's was
private, not a common, gambling-house ; and a
verdict was returned for the plaintiff, for an amount,
however, as we understand, unsatisfactory to the
judge.
Now we own we cannot see anything dishonour-
able in this plea, for the action was obviously an
attempt—a successful attempt—on the part of CROCK-
FORD'S widow and her attorney, to obtain from Lord
Mat tisvoN E a sum of money, which it was the practice
of her husband to receive payment for by other
means ; which, in point of fact, her husband never
claimed and which, in all probability, never
would have been claimed by him, had he been now
alive. Whatever Mrs.CROCKFORD and her family may
now be, their ample fortunes have been extracted
from the vices of such young men as Lord MAID-
STONE ; and those vices were encouraged and fostered
by her husband and their father keeping a club, in
which such liabilities, as she is now enforcing, were
conveniently and profitably overlooked. Under these
circumstances, it certainly does appear to us that
Lord MAIDSTONE had some right to resist this claim ;
and as the only mode in which he could defend the
action was by pleading as he did, the plea was, we
think, not so unjustifiable.
Of Lord MAIDSTONE we know nothing, save that
he is the son of one of the most bigoted peers in the
country ; and that, in a moment of personal triumph,
such as it was, he sadly disappointed his party by
giving up the pursuit of politics for an unworthy
career of pleasure and dissipation. But of the late
CROCKFORD, in common with the rest of the world,
we do know a great deal ; and not the least of our
knowledge is that he started the magnificent estab-
lishment in St. James's-street for the purpose of plun-
dering youthful folly: and having succeeded to an
extent unparalleled in this country, his widow is now
endeavouring still further to pluck the pigeons her
husband winged. Such seem to us the facts disclosed
by the cause of " Crockford r. Lord Maidstone."

AFTER ten days hard hitting at the Court of Ex-
chequer for its assumed errors and assumed inconsis-
tencies in laying down the liabilities of provisional
committeemen, the Times condescended on Saturday
to explain what it believes to be the sound law of
the subject. The Times has thus furnished the pub-
lic with a standard whereby to estimate the nature of
its upon the law of the learned Barons.
According as its own law is sound or the reverse, will
its condemnation of theirs deserve attention or disre-
gard. Here is the Times's ratio deeidendi :
Where a person either originally of own mere motion,
or through the solicitation of others, publishes his name in a
prospectus, or in newspaper advertisements, or in any other
manner, so that the fact of publication is traced, or miy be
inferred to have enure, to the knowledge of a creditor,
subsequently performs work or supplies goods to the order of
the secretary-, or of any other officer of the company, ei
person whose name is so published with his own consent to
liable for the goods so furnished or the work performed; and
it matters not that the person sued has taken no active part
in the transactions of the company, or that he had no voice
in the appointment of the secretary, or was wholly ignorant
of the order given ; for his liability reas solely upon the
ground of his having held himself out to the world as a
person responsible for the necessary contracts of the
company."
Really this is begging the question. It is assumed
that by writing himself down provisional committee-
man, the party holds himself out to the world as
a person responsible far the necessary contracts
of the company. Of what company ? There'
is no company in existence. The character
of prorisional committeeman determines and
ceases when the company comes into existence.
The office of the provisional committeeman is to bring
it into existence. If there were a partnership or a
company, the liabilities of the provisional committee-
man would be known and definite : they would be in
the former case those which, at common law, attach
to all partners; in the latter what the statute, or
charter, or act of agreement constituting the company
determines. It is precisely because the provisional

The Madrid journals and correspondence of the
28th and 29th were received in Fares on Friday and
Saturday.
The Spanish ministry continues to entertain full
confidence of a large majority in the Cortes.
The advices from Lisbon, received by Madrid,
dated 22nd November, say that Marshal Saldanha
was still in sight of Santarem. Viscount de Setubal
had received orders to march towards the Tagus and
establish his head-quarters there. Lisbon continued
tranquil. The news from the north was as usual
contradictory. It was said that in the conference
which Colonel Wylde had with the Queen,
her Majesty declared that the moment was not
yet arrived for discussing the question with which
he was charged. Some persons affirm that he pro-
posed publishing a letter signifying his opinion that
the disturbances ought to be amicably arranged,
but that ho had not an official mission authorising
him to negotiate a settlement. The bellige-
rent parties, meanwhile, persisted in rejecting
all compromise. M. 'Monniseho d'Albuqucrque, one
of the Palmella ministry was at Santarem, and
answered Col. Wylde that the insurrection would only
yield upon a ministry being appointed by the Junta
at Oporto.
The Diariu of the 22nd announces that the guerilla
commanded by Count 'falfa had risen at Santarem
against their chief, and attempted to assassinate him.
King Ferdinand and his two sons had visited Vice-
Admiral Parker on board the Hibernia.
A letter from Lisbon of the same date is published
in El Tiempo, in which it is stated that Count
Itomfin and the Brigadier Celestino had effected a
junction with Des Antes, the former commanding
some incomplete corps of infantry and two
hundred horse, and the second with hie bat-
talions of chasseurs and some divisions of ca-
valry. Baron Almargen had also arrived at
Santarem with the lath Infantry, and another batta-
lion of the same arms, escorted by six pieces of artil-
lery, demanded by l)as Antes from the Junta at
Oporto. " Everything," says the writer, "indicates
the speedy occurrence of a serious engagement.
Count Das Antes only waited these reinforcements to
commence operations. Viscount Setubal is censured
by the government for letting Bomtin and Celestino
Pass."

FRANCE. —M. NltetteLer. —The death of M.
Michela, announced lately, in most of the paperg, was not
that of the historian, hut of his father.
A PREMATURE INTERMENT.—Another instance of
the danger of precipitate interment hastjust taken place at
balm, a commune :.near Bordeaux. he wife of a rich
farmer, after a short illness, appeared to have expired. The
usual visit of the physician to verify the decease took place,
and the funeral was proceeded with in the ordinary manner.
Two or three hours after the sacristan, in passing near the
grave, heard a noise which resembled stifled groans. He
hastened to give the alarm, and the coffin was taken up. the
unfortunate woman was found to be warm, and gave une-
quivocal signs of life. It was proposed to take her at once to
the village, and employ the ordinary means of resuscitation ;
but, through a barbarous prejudice of the place, not a person
would consent to open his doors, through the idea that a
buried person always brought misfortune on the occupants of
any house into which he or sue entered. The poor woman
was, in consequence, placed on the board of a wine-press,
and there administered to. It would seem that nature was
worn out by the lengthened confinement in the coffin, as,
aft r a short time, death really supervened.
A LABirs LAwsurr.—A somewhat singular case
was lately brought before the Tribunal of Commerce.
Countess Le Hon gave orders to Eulalie Cecile to embroider
sets of muslin curtains, and to make her three pairs of sheets
and four chemises of very fine .mbrie, for Ler house
at the Rend Point, Champs Elyskes, the Countess fur-
, nishing the materials, it the value of 1,050 f. Not
having been able to get anything back, Dime. Le Hon
commenced a suit against Mlle. Cecile, who pleaded
that she was no longer Mlle. Cecile, but Mine. Patty. The
Countess, therefore, turned her action against M. Patsy, the
presumed husband; but this defendant pleaded in bar that
was not he who was the husband of the ci-derant Eulalie
Cecile, but his brother. After hearing the pleaders for both
parties, the ease was sent by the Court before an Artitre
liapportrur.
BELGIUM.—In consequence of the distress in
Belgium, and particularly in the environs of Ghent, Alost,
and Audenarde, the influx of mendicants towards Brussels
so great that guards are placed at the Porte de Flandro
to prevent these unfortunate beings from entering the
capital.
GERMANY.—We learn from Posen that M. A.
de Lipski, a landed proprietor, who took a very active Fart in
the last diet, and who had been arrested as one of the enders
of the revolt. has been set at liberty on account of ill health,
but he is prohibited from visiting Posen, or airs' portion of
the territory where his property is situated. Wresinski, a
student, who was an active person in the revolt. and had
therefore been imprisoned at Posen, has also been liberated.
51. Ilatfeld, a French subject, who had published a liberal
pamphlet, has been ordered to quit the duchy.
The Aix-la-Chapelle Ga:elte, of the 30th ult.,
states that so great is the distress of the labouring-classes at
Berlin that they are compelled to pawn almost everything
they possess to procure bread. The crowd is so great at the
doors of the pawnbrokers that it has been Lund necessary to
place sentinels there to procure order.
RUSSIA.—The Universal German CM:Alit, gives
the following as the composition of the present Russian
ministry :—Minister of the Imperial Ilousehold, General
Prince l'olchonski ; Foreign Affairs, Count de Neswelrode ;
War, General Prince Tschanitscheff ; Marine, Admiral
Prince Mentachoff ; Interior, M. Perowski ; Public In-
struction, Connt Uwaroff ; Finance, M. Wrontsehenko; Im-
perial Domains, General Count de Kiselew; Justice, Count
Paula.
tt

The progress of events in Switzerland is not so
favourable to the radical party as it was expected by
the one and feared by the other party to have been.
The elections at Basle have terminateil, and the com-
position of the constituent assembly is such that each
party claims a majority. Nothing will be certainly
known until its public deliberations have com-
menced. The liberal party, however, felicitates
itself on the fact that a revision of the constitu-
tion has already been resolved, and cannot
be revoked. At St. Gall a new law has been
passed by the catholic party against the fire-corps;
at Schaffhausen the revision of the constitution has
been rejected by a large majority.
A letter published in the Augsburg Guutte having
produced an impression that the French government
had agreed with those of Venice and Berlin upon the
necessity of a speedy intervention in Switzerland.
La Presse contradicts this, and says that the moment
for an intervention by arms or by diplomacy has not
arrived ; that a diplomatic intervention would, under
any circumstances, be useless ; it could not hinder the
violation of the federal pact, if such violation were
contemplated ; and as to military intervention, to be
efficacious, it must only be resorted to when the evils
of civil war, or the excesses of democracy, have ren-
dered it apparent to all the friends of peace in Swit-
zerland, that such a course is desirable, and especially
when the internal state of the confederation
affords grounds of disquietude to the neighbouring
powers. Such are, according to La Presw, the prin-
cipks which will direct the policy of the French
government in regard to Switzerland.
The constituent council of Basle assembled for the
first time on the Ist inst. M. Frey was elected pre-
sident, and M. Burkhardt Keller h.overnor ; a commis-
sion was appointed, composed of eighteen membeiv, to
prepare the preliminaries of the proceedings.

The Paris journals of Saturday have come to hand.
If the twenty millions of people that form the
British nation could have had under their eves daily
for the last week the twenty journals of Paris which
are supposed to speak the sentiments of the French
people, the effect would undoubtedly be at once to
gratify the national vanity, and awaken strong feel-
ings of international amity. The candidates for
power, and the holders of office, put forward as their
strongest claim on the support of the country, their
fixed resolution to establish and maintain a durable
alliance between France and England as the surest
guarantee of the prosperity of France, and the peace of
Europe. On other points, affecting dynastic and
constitutional questions, internal reform, commercial
tariffs, and foreign relations, there is every imagin-
able division and diversity of opinion, but on this
question alone of the English alliance there is the
most absolute unanimity ; for the apparent exception
presented by the organ of Russia in Paris cannot be
admitted as interrupting the harmony on this occa-
sion. Even the recent assaults of the London
journals on the personal proceedings of the King
do not induce the dynastic
advocacy of this policy.
The protest of the Fiend
corporation of Cracow -
Cabinet on Thursday ;
despatched to Vienna. _
to St. Petersburg and Berlin.
This diplomatic note differ
the English Cabin q, princii
most explicit terms,
of the three powers
article of the treaties
the whole ; and that,
parties to those treaties,
from all the international
pose, and an expressed -'

THE MODEL INSTITUTION FOR YOUNG
CRIMINALS AT METTRAY.
The home is one of unvarying kindness and con-
sideration. The training is laborious, but useful to all the
boys, and calculated to develop talents in particular cases,
which are duly encouraged. The future employment de-
pends on the conduct of the boys as they grow up. When
they leave Mettray, they are still anxiously looked after by
the directors ; and they arc themselves encouraged to look
hack upon it as the family to which they still belong. On
this last point many pleasing anecdotes are recorded.
The distribution of the boys will show the general cha-
racter of their employments. In May this year, of the 412
present, 276 were on the farm; 31 were in the gardens; 18
were in the wheelwright's shop; 30 nt the blacksmith's ; 14
were makers of wooden shoes, and 12 of leather shoes ; 12
were with the carpenter ; 18 with the tailor ; 6 with the
mason; and 3 were sail makers. The last are taught by an
old seaman to make and mend the hammocks in which all
the boys sleep. He also teaches navigation to them, and to
the numerous lads from the coast of Brittany, who look
eagerly to the sea service for their future lives.
The farm, however, is the grand business of the agricul-
tural colony of Mettray, as its name implies ; and perhaps
the material success of the experiment hes arisen from that
of the model farm. This school of good working farm-
servants, and farm bailiffs, has already produced some im-
provements in the habits of husbrindmen' which it is ex-
pected will, at, no distant day, extend to the husbandry
of the country.
At the last anniversary, the Count de Gasparin, once
Minister of the Home Department, and a skilful agrieultu.
rist--the president of the society which protects Mettray,
thus described its agricultural progress and prosperity under
its very peculiar circumstances : It was difficult at first to
organise a great farming-school with young, sickly, and
weakly boys, many of whom were meant to remain there
too short a time. The institution commenced with only
29 acres of land. All its capital was wanted for the
buillings. In this condition of things the society re-
solved to have more land, and hired therefore 490
acres more land adjacent to the colony, and of mode-
rate soil, on a long lease, at a yearly rent of 4651.
A capital of 2,4001. was indispensable to carry on this farm,
and that sum was most liberally advanced by M. Gonin, of
Tours, our excellent treasurer. Half this sum is represented
by our live stock ; the other half by our crops. We were
fortunate in obtaining the services of a skilful land-
steward, who saw at once that the corn sown was unpromis-
ing. He, therefore, bought • large quantity of manure
fur the laid a- it was, and sowed clover opus it. The result
was an extraordinary crop of every kind, which brought in
more than 1,6001. He immediately also ploughed up the
fellows, and planted them with potatoes, beet root, carrots,
and cabbages. This enabled him to add seventy-eight cows
to the stock ; and furnished ample food for all of it.
" We have, therefore, been able to obtain a good balance
sheet, after allowing a handsome salary to our steward. The
growl produce of this land, taken in bad condition, was 2,6801.,
which was pretty well on a rent of 4621. A large proportion
of the boys do most of the work of this farm."
The whole number are distributed into families of forties,

PARIS, DEC. 5.
There is no more talk of a change in the ministry.
Although the King has no wish to keep M. Guizot, he
fears M. 'lhiers, and is convinced that M. Mole, with
his well-known character and opinions, would not be
able to restore to him the English alliance. The

enten mediae should contribtrx to break it off, is I steward, who employs them, cod the chief (tI7---L,h %
momalaesiothuaotnFsseanc,sicehthitwswailibsoal:coedrdonlwyitwh and eachthe house goes too the institution every ennineßl", f
aihetar i sufficient to prevent him from rzmaining minister
interests to adopt a course from which otherwise the I preserving any majority whatever in the Chamber of and
are occurrences
rarely alkyl :he T(llincL teoli directors who reside Zee,
treaties would have restrained her. Other points of lkputies. There is no belief either in his patriotism founder of the institution, and litlt.eiteoviare M. Dentetc, lb; I
pnrf
the note are to the same purpose as that of Lord Pal- or his energy in the presence of absolute governments. Ide (soundless one of his three ori •
alomr tehaeacefirsist
original
de Eriiioi, c
am colleague, • . c't
mers!on, demonstrating that the measure lately If he has no longer the merit of preserving the Eng- tit it. m fore. ~,
adopted by the northern powers is defensible neither lish alliance, his policy is entirely deprived of sup- i Wall not so fortunate as to meet them, the former
on the score of necessity nor right. port. In the crisis just provoked by the northern 1.,,;„
awe to bring himself a party of fresh inmate ---4
and the latter being fi, e
Paragraphs have appeared in various German powers, the French government has a double duty to ever, a most intelligent at Tours. I found, tic; 1
journals, declaring that the intended incorporation of perform. If England and France, with that instinct ?erson of the chief secreta sVii.stiit,oute for them in t 4;
s
Cracow had been made known to the French minis- of good senan which nations sometimes show in spite the merits of Mettray is thl'it forms.6llßni'chard. One of
try, or to the King, and some of them affirming that of those wlto govern them, tend to unite v(11.12 each are ready to be drafted off to the new gertintrtendents, whi,
an implicit understanding was come to that the ac- other, M. Guizot can no longer remain -, minister ; up in all quarters ;tad its merits are great indaeraialtal
quiescence of the three powers to the Spanish mar- for h., would then become an_ obstruction to hundred
oeeffieceersofredszrbeluer. Blanchard. The dair.-7Pi '
rig *e would depend on the conduct of France tn regar'!, 1 finch an union. Oil :Ito other hand, if it be tion to the boys, and is profitable.sn 611 T Nalotrilarli,i,e„in'urt,
to 'the r,,...f.r....±:,; rr..!::!..t crazorf. Louis Philippe I t,rees,ary, Sad even urgent, that France should promising, although all whore have seen.ees:c.4---'
,retied
and .1. Guizot sveree'to be permitted to make objec- I oppose, to this attempt of the Three Powers, Franc! age aware that th room ennugh fon: • -gel cci
lions, recusations, and protestations to protect the:a- ' a serious demonstration, M. Gaizot will never meatete
tii .sonm.Ue bEreeda half ones. 4 hjudicious benefactor lies 'RI Ye; •
selves from the assaults of the Opposition, and save have the strength to do so, and cannot be entrusted well managed, contains the prodein'ohusouse, which is sit drank
their popularity, but no interference with the 'northern with it. The Minister for Foreign Affairs has frequent The various work-shops make a goodgt
show.
01600 foil,
powers was to be made. conferences with M. d'Arnim and M. d'Appony. lie It is a valuable part of thesystem here to allow on ~,,,,
The National makes an implicit charge against the is losing his time in the worn-out and impossible game to come to the farm to learn agriculture, withoutYbeinn- c;
government, to which, however, it gives the shape of of trying to detach Austria from the coalition of abso- between
ewitt thme instiftution. This forms a satisfictotzychi
a query, to the effect, that in consequence of the mar- lute government. M. de 'Metternich is both too weak Another exists in theirj iety.oatuisdlthe ploor reformed youths:
adminstration of the colony of Algiers it is menaced and too cunning, and will never be brought to contra- bourbood, and in their being sentemerovriient in the neigh.
with scarcity ; that the house of Rothschild has been diet the design Of Russia, in whose dependence he is. distance. The prison spell is, in fact, most carious in
employed to supply it with the necessary provisions ; The King appears to have abandoned the extra- this case; and a happy consequence of the whole manrati.„—
,
and that one of the conditions imposed on him has vagant idea of a congress, which he for a oeffttheebinstitution is, that a Mettray boy is as much"
an employer, as he would have . . 'Nit
been that his ships must all touch at Marseilles before moment entertained. We are, however, sorry here come c fyresh from a l. been avoided had he
going to Algeria ; the object of this manoeuvre being to notice the language used towards him by a This is, indeed, gaol.
success. The price of at si ,
10 produce fictitious returns of the importation of part of the English press. Louis Philippe has never is said to be unnecessarily
foreign corn in France ; and that as part of this project en popular in France. We have never even believed
he .has received the contract without competition as in that abiliti which foreigners, ill-informed d in- the most
high; bury ithotiyt at
form an opinion, ar a t ort visit onlon a poi:tc•-,,,it a'
minute iection of an establishment, I thini-ntl
W price, Etc.in the followi r
capable of ju ging as they are, have had such a titania
The radical journals are very indignant at the fur extolling. But certain English papers, such as r :ise
enese
official
l lagree `wing remark, which i h
•
report made on the subject • , preset-•
year, by the Marquis de Montperat, with me:l ~
liberation of the Prince de Berghes, who, it will be the Chronicle and the Globe, raised the wisdom motion of a
noticesimlar institution-s,t Blois. a i--.. to the ft.'
recollected, was convicted some time ago of forgery.. of the king exceedingly high, when the King of "It must
It appears, that instead of being treated as convicts the French accepted or submitted to the po-
usually are, he has been merely placed in a martian Hey of England ; now, however, that Louis I'hilipe
de saute at Auteuil, near Paris, without any other and M. Gnizot disagree with the government, they " that it i.i utterly impossible to found homes fr j.eu,'—'7'
re,
.contri;;ottedm as i.n testa ioor icily as you may, a ithcia;
fur, no hospital was ever helinogf
that hospita'., an ,c.
personal restraint than some limitation to his prome- unsay what they.formerly said. What value can be Now, these juvenile homes are hospitals huirrttlichfit'i,lf•
nudes in the neighbourhood, and he has lately been attached to so variable a judgment? And what credit easeti minds—as tho others are hospitals fon:- isicit,••••l'''
unconditionally liberated. can be given on the continent to opinions which bear and to cure ignorance, idleness, vagattor.disieg, and 4e
vicious habits formed by disttess, is quite as gnu • '-`
A splendid entertainment was given on Friday the aspect, as occasion may direct, of praise or blame. Pa to
night to M. Guizot, at the Hotel of Foreign Affairs, The arrivals of foreign corn have begun to cause a soc(ijesteratmslasrluesias to cute fevers."
to the Bey of Tunis and his suite, at which a concert fall in the price of bread. The people will be reported to
be
mooense,eceafeteerietiheeelgenelr,a,il.
iplan of Mease,n,
was performed by the artists of the Grand Opera,under tranquillized by this, and the disorders which have near Maoon. This last deserves one :OA' of 'note t
the direction of Auber, the celebrated composer of occurred in some towns will probably not recur. The sake of a most important point. it receives au1,..„
Masaniello, itc. The crowd was enormous, but much financial state of the country is, however, still the !ioungeol of destitute children ;and it haa prowl, ilia ..4
more remarkable for its number than for the rank same, and money continues to be drawn from the oulds:ropleiiirefelefcoted children are, the more difficultitic
composing it. Of the royal family the Dukes of bank. I believe, however, that the payments required task
No such institutionstninot necessary to enter ono,
are suffle!eut which begi Inc
Nemours and Montpensier were present ; of the corps to be made in December and January for the Northern At Montbelle also, there •t, is a provision for girls as wilu
diplomatique the only Ambassador present was Mar- and Lyons Companies will be made with comparative for boy
ore closing this too brief statement, I be; to call IltlAtix
s.
tinez de la Rosa, the Spanish Ambassador. Lord W. facility. If the state of political affairs were more
Bef
WI. hat seems to be the grand merit
I lervey, secretary to Lord Normanbv, came in for a settled, business would soon resume its natural course. of all these uplift,*
few minutes ; the scene is represented by an eye-wit- 0. mdc at home for improving our criminal or our neglenci
population. They will hasten the time for &link
resembling a carnival. . transportation,—the greatest crime against pow burn-et
ness as
assembling
a review was held in the Champ de ever committed by a powerful state. And itracaei,,'
On Saturday
Mars, im the presence of the lice of Tunis, at which : say, of all the nations that have ever tesc,inci
about 25,000 troops were on 'the ground, brought ' their criminals, we English have done it with the' •
reckless disregard of those circumstances likely to aliagi'n':
from all quarters within a radius of twenty leagues its evils. The Russians transport tens of thousand, ..1 sat''
round Paris. The spectacle was, however, rendered to Siberia, but they send the wives and families afier th-
abortive by a thick rainy fog, which prevailed through- We have covered a fifth part of the globe liciercdt ,„,
out tlw day. without women; and last year—at the very merest tee 1
('ount Mole was again called to St. Cloud on Thum- our enterprising travellers was discovering a new soil d
day, where he is said to have had a very gracious surpassing beauty and inexhaustible fertility, between Svil
ney and Port Essington, fur the display of our rolocial tin
gics—our Colonial Office was planning the dealisg it
reception.
PAWN D. S.—Three per Cent..., 52 40; Five per Cents., lls 50; new convict colony
Four per Cents., 103 60; Belgian Fives, 1140, 991; Ditto, 1842, 101 ; The Gurneys, and the Baptist Noels, whose names in
Ditto Two-anil.a..Hidf, 551 ; Naples heats, 103 SO; Boman Loan,
lest ; 'Rank Sham, 3500. Exchange on London (30 days), 2S 471; recorded among the most honoured victors at Memn,
Ditto (90 days), 25 35, 25 321. --- could do sio better a work than to show the British public
PARIS, 1).:e. s.—tial : Paris and Orleans, 1257 50; Par how to apply its principles to British criminals, and lkie4
Rosen, 880; Mignon ae'nd 31arseilles, 880; Strtsbourg and ride, 220 society, in exchange for transportation in all case, and D
Aniiens and Boulogne, 410; Weill:aux, 54 SO ; North,
and ; Paris imprisonment in many. The plan of placing out it
unit Strasbourg, 482 SO ; Tours and Nantes, 492 50 ; Paris and Lyons, reformed criminals in good service is of extreme impulse!,
;JO 50; Dieppe and Iceanip, 353. and almost new to us. It ought to be studied. An mains
part of it is, the minute reports sent by the misteri to tit
institution respecting the conduct of their servants. Tow
reports have supplied some deeply interesting narratito.
Another part of the plan Is kch fails in very well with en ,
usages is, the supenntendence of the whole thing hya
society, which has its public ar.nivcrsary in May, in hil
The character of that society, and the sort of interest tile
W. the institution, may be inferred from the LAM. of :pi
principal personages at the last anniversary, sad if le
committee, with which 1 clone my statement.
M. de Salvandy, Minister of Education, in the an;
M. de Flavigny, Peer of France, the Secretary; 11. de
Gasparin ; M. Delessert, the banker, Treasurer; NI GonX.
Deputy ; M. Vernas, Deputy-Governor of the Ban if
France; M. Monet, Inspector-General of Peuitestaris;
M. Moreau Christoph, do. Prisons ; N. de Toiquenfle Me
Due de Caze-Buneo, Director of the Orleans Raked;
Hebert, Attorney-General; Alexandre Andreae. as Italian,
seven years in Spielberg ; M. Guetry ; M. Gustave de Beao
mont ; M. d'Echthal, the banker ; the De de Liurowt;
Dr. Villenne, and many more.
These individuals have completed the work foundelby IL
Demetz. The French public and government am ea th
point of establishing similar works throughout Free;
which form an admirable crown to the philanthropic labesi
of the German Von der Eckes, of Dusselthal, and Sera*
of Hamburg, and to these of our lamented William Alit.;
of Lindfielil, our Lady Byrons' our Brenton, of Win, ul
many more, who will hail this French success with ,darn
nun and gratitude.

POLAND.
The Polish Literary Society at Paris,of which Priam •
Czartoryski is president, held its annual meeting whiff
thela
of November, to commemorate the anniversary of the
Pa l
revolution. The speech delivered by the prince on the rim
sion was listened to with the deepest tuterest by a flamers*
auditory. We quote from it the tollou nig extracts:
" I refrain from recalling here the causes which demi,*
the movement in February of all probability of dam%
or success. From the moment it was unalUe to OM
the nation with confidence, it could have no other rear
than to devote numerous victims to a frightful death, as
the rigours of ano less formidable captivity. ()a wasearr.
those unheard-of disasters which the darkest marls
lions could never have imagined, we were masseur)
to admit that the country would pass severe judgmeator
those who had so inconsiderately excited such commotion
It is painful to draw a picture of the actual sitaatiord
Poland from the accounts furbished by terror or malin
lence. Nevertheless, I feel that a rigorous duty iimlo,es
me the obligation of reproducing here some perilous a
of a
If any truths arerendered apparent by it, it is desi
rable de
they should be known; and no one, neither the prijatheal
nor the powerful, will have cause to resent them.
Tar
horrible catastrophes in a Polish province, and the esa
victory which accompanied them, so far from awakenef ,
any generosity in our adversarks, have been the moms
entailing over the whole extent of Poland an unlimited*
crease of insulting severity. Every where the nor is fLias
suspended or unristly enforced, neither age, nor s
virtue prove a shield against the merciless mearuns of ea
triumphant enemies, who, to crown our mbers, afel
to repeat that certain Poles blinded by penuo
doctrines, have by their fatal lessons, thennelvis newt
furious bands to prey upon their country. It is but wow
that in our villages hostile voices have been heard tor`
claim that our ancient Polish principles, so fraternal awla
Christian, arc no longer obligatory nor sacred, thus erns*
the evil passions which abound in the heart of roan. If 3
truth there are Poles who persuaded themselves Jar"
pious doctrines, subversive of every social tic, could beer
mentarily beneficial to the cause ofliberty, and who throe,
that the object would justify the mean:, they eommitaaf
fault, the results of which ought to penetrate them
deep and bitter repentance. We ought to pity these ao
whilst we condo mu them. It is our enemies dwwohom II!!
have unconsciously served ; our enemies, whose rk
moralisation and destruction undertaken against s
nation they have supported, and the brutal force, imP,II4
various directions, has turned itself against the eswaa
where the hope of reward and impunity seemed ClOf!ftlei,
Let us never forget that a population can only be rem!,
to the defence of its country by the idea of duty —tbe sr:
to some generous sentiment—and not by mere sviilarf
material advantages, or the acquisition of such by morel?
After our late deplorable experience, no Pole
whosboa-
continue to promote the application of these same priCtt
could plead any excuse for his conduct, and Li. to
would have a right to include him in the maledieti'as,
bestows en her executioners. Every one of us is hosed
his duty to his country and himself, and at the risk ofbe.7
drawn into the most criminal acts against our :ll
country, to repel these exaggerated doctrines, in a-la'''.
real meaning and truth of things disappears beneath the
neer and emphasis of generalities. Doctrines mar"'
dangerous, but for Poland, fatal. • . The furl
which divided Poland amongst themselret, sekamder,
in Congress before assembled Europe that this pirtekraft
a crime which demanded reparation. But this noble aTit
did not save them from the usual consequences of a
fault. They have nut faithfully executed t lie tool%
signed; they have violated it, and Europe who 'ir`ced
with them, has not resented the violation ; they have bo
drawn into a series of unjust acts, which, sad to `ay'
ended in seriously.shaking throughout the country a.;
toned to their dominion—the very prciple of proV4.
he moral consequences attached to itn, S well r
as tne re
gious principles which were the glory of Poland Tt
governments to which we are submitted will same tlayea:
to repent that in the execution of a praiseworthy iderd,
that of assuring landed property to the peasains—th 7;
not employ the equitable form of voluntary affileaa7..as
'ugly and geaeryn
- Irro'''

tnimity ; for the apparent exception There is no more talk of a change in the ministry. "We have, therefore, been able to obtain a gooa namnce LIICIIIII/lai uugtawcyucs...-o ••••....--- -
organ of Russia In Paris cannot be Although the King has no wish to keep M. Guigot, he sheet, after allowing a handsome salary to our steward. The gious principles whichwere th - glory of Pc: a"' - - -
erupting the harmony on this occa- fears M. Thiers, and is convinced that M. Mold, with
which was pretty well on a rent of 4621. Alarge pro-portion"
gross produce of this land, taken in bail condition, was`i,6Bo/ -re tt which we are submittede some drY. ban
recent assaults of the London his well-known character and opinions, would not be of the boys do most of the work of this farm." tore p7nintenthsatnin the execution of a worthy trlel, fa
tc-theFOA ;Lb
personal proceedings of the King able to restore to him the English alliance. Tilethat of assuring landed property to the Peann est. ~.; 17
The whole number are.distributed into families of forties, not employ the equitable form of voluntary ar cm _„s IN
Le dynastic journals to qualify their cabinet will, therefore, probably open the • 'on. in separate houses, of which there are ten at the institution which the proprietors wo 11 spontaneously and geno=
policy. Its situation will be difficult. The success which
canaldiedtwiotoofnott4heer.
the French Cabinet against the in- might have been hoped for from the Spanish mar-
tors, each charged
farniUn.deErachihm ftahmeirely are two twa
with the management ..dnutwnrirtvino‘fPge-
ncow was finally decided on by the tinge, is completely effaced and destroyed by the lastoresponsible chief, have made the- men riflces nreq( tiired. for the
opub_lich,v,adoe,..- 7
forty boys. These three auperint. ndents of each -family, this vi)olent measure, aS ids) of- all those whirl[ ; .cued IL.,
serf
"ithrcerbreffrm ds,tomeetiercortlrthteoirgiavrehtitoraortyhepr:e.,i,
(.4;401 ,
;day ; and on the same evening was act of the three powers. Public opinion would pro-
mina. It was forwarded, on Friday, bably have passed over the rupture of the entente end besides th • d
making in all thirty-six,ti are selected. with the greatest care ; was to loosen the morel tic between the isferions cplara: _
and Berlin. as superintendents, they pursue a society, and to substitute fur it the
comhale, if M. Guizot had given to the specialcogrseio.oofseparato
eLas•room.
themselves,m.,rhe uonreder competentisteiio teach- trust, disunion, and hat stl
elrstuudies"?genns of
Poland vile t:
c note differs from that presen'ed by country in exchange a strong situation, a
in,.t, principally in declaring, in the basis of support in Spain, and security' as order by monitors taken from among the boys. Theensienps. ifsorusnedycernttiltz.caPnrusstan
Till eLl.,te'rriterial possesaions in thi4ol, in
rate house in which each family lives costs 316/building and nee—the oismpiy'rs of the c•.t'att', the labourers on the ftl
ors;
rms, that the recent proceedings regards the Northern Courts ; but all this is They are formed of a ground floor, the workshop are preparing to exact similar gifts as soon as they..perTe". ..
sowers being a violation. of one more titan he can promise. The attempt de afintttint firp. et floor, where the forty boys live. favourable opportunity. If, say t hey verytilogirin,g:rl,lB°l-4 i
!males of 1815, is a violation of against the independence of Cracow • • -piON es trrefrag- Besides labouring on the farm, and in ro d ak. in h
a -n
the
.t_e vemment took a portion of the. estate* t
od h °should they ea tabi__ eh
that, consequently, the powers, ably, that the tranquillity of Europe depends entirely neighbourhood (sometimes b
treaties, are henceforward absolved on the good intelligence between France and En
2 artisans' work:. and besides gstruction contract),
n and
commonte various
e.giveretoothe..faonrdnerstoof tl:iaft.pen w'
those 'woErhave as yet no pr: of
Tnational obligation which they im- land. Everybody is convinced of it here. Th-a-t meats of learning, and in singing, some few of the boys learn gotta n?
Twh iti s,by ar necessary' consequence of causes euiden6.: e•
linear drawing, and to play on musical instruments. The and no doubt against the will and anticipations °fit:el.:;
' lJit
eased elaration, or properly speaking, M. Guizot, after having aided to establish the hatred."
..
11, nrenthte pgsants have *Igo:. On
eighty boys at the two form-houses are visited daiLy by the vernments, the sanctity of the right of propertY, tp
ii. - . .. .