The Express.
London, England, 1849-12-05 00:00:00

ght expreoo.

OUTGOING MAILS.
The mat missile for babes, theia, sad Gibesltez will be I
made sp ea Doe. 7.
TM sulk tea lfsrielllee, to the Mediterranean, Egypt,
Calks, ladle, Hoag-Koss, &A., will be made up ea
the meek( of Dee. 7.
TM xis& fm British Nee* AMIniCS sad the United
States will be made sp ea the eves*/ of Dee. 14.
TM Wee ladle Nails, melodies bensada, Havasu,
Mow Needures, New (Mesas, sad liesieo, sad iseladias
• these fee Wks. Bt. .1 sia-deNiessegus, N. Granada,
s
ATM Pesa, Val he Moselle& ea Dee. 17.
ale he Gibraltar, Malts, theme e lo , thcks Islands,
Sept, Copes, lade, sad China, irk Ileathimptea, will
be mak tip es UM missies ef Dee. 90.
The mils for Makin. tha Brasile, sod Bowe Apes,
will be made ap as Jas. 4.

11011 WATTS AT LONDON RILIDOI
Tan D.—Minim Mt. Pa ihreare. lb. taa
Twasaanr—ninamg, On WM— ..... Ahanses. 6 16. NI m•

LONDON, WEDNESDAY, DECEMBER 5.

Fame several private letters which we have seen
from ports of the Pacific, as:well as from the accounts
of intelligent persons recently returned from thence,
we should judge the Califon is fever—that thirst for
gold and adventure, now epidemizirg the old world
and the new—as by no means even eet at its height.
The diggings and washiugs of the hundred and fifty
thousand powerful and greedy men who have pounced
upon the auriferous region, had shown no signs of
exhausting it. The old bout, that there was " bread
enough for all" in the new c ottinent is thrown into
the shade by the actual and daily discovery of " gold
enough." Three pounds sterling a-day is the average
amount of a strong man's finding, or a strong man's
working. And although there are tome bad chances,
some obstinate wronghesds, some unlucky dogs,
there are almost as many who get prizes with no
great amount of labour, who stumble on what they
call a pocket of gold in the cavities of the rock, and
who thug repay in an hoer the labour and anxiety cf
mosthe. That the tortured surface of California is,
however, no bed of roses, becomes sufficiently appa-
rent from the anxiety of even the moat prudent and
fortunate individuals to quit it as soon as they have
'gasped together, not a fortune, but the bare com-
mencement of one. A man with fifteen or twenty
thousand dollars thinks it high time to quit a shore
where there is still such insecurity of property and
life, and where, however enormous the gain, the ex-
ruses of anteapproach to comfort are such as to ex-
haust even t nu From Icrty to one hundred thou-
sand dollars a year is the common house
rent. Commodities are, indeed, abundant and cheap,
if one could but store the m,—cloth to be had fur an old
song, bat costs its weight in gold to be converted
into apparel. Commerce has poured a fleet of from
three to four hundred vessels into the bay of San
Francisco, and improvised a very Liverpool in this
so lately desert nook of the Pacific ; but not one cargo
in twenty has found profitable sale.
Yet there have concentrated all the nomad popula-
tion and all the resources of the Pacific. Every
European seeker of fortune has hied in haste from
Chili, and Pero, and Buenos Ayres, from the Saud-
wich Elands, and even from the far Australia, to
scratch up gold at its source. The opium
clipper has deserted the Ganges and the
Canton River: the shepherd from Australia, the
malcontent from Hobart Town, the emigrant from
New Zealand, have hied to the new El Dorado. Forty
thousand Americans are expected from over the
Rocky Mountain. The French government, we see,
have determined on sending its de portis to the Mar-
quesas. In six weeks after their landing there they
will be all fond in California, where they will cer-
tainly not find the communist principle established,
at lent as far as capital is concerned.
Nevertheless, the political effects of this great
displacement and subsequent concentration of all the
adventurous spirits of four great parts of the world
are not to be overlooked. Wt en the treaty with
Mexico was concluded, it was impossible to foresee
that the most aggressive and unscrupulous and belli-
gerent portion of the Anglo-American population
would be conglomerated precisely on the Mexican
frontier, and tempted to regard the nook in which they
were located rather as a centre of a new empire than
the corner of an old one. This, however, has taken
place. And it has hence become utterly impossible
0 hope that the frontier line, as drawn by the nego-
tiators, can stand, or can for any time be reseected by
the great popular body now in posses:ion of Ca-
lifornia.
Already, indeed, elan are informed, the labours of
the Mexican and the American commissioners
charged with marking out the frontier have been in-
fluenced and turned from their course by the exigencies
of the population around them. It has, in fact, come
to the knowledge of all in California, as well as to the
authorities, that the province of Sonora, just on the
other side of the Gulf of California, is as rich in auri-
ferous soil, if not more so, than California itself.
• So much the better for the Mexicans, it will be
said. But, alas! the Mexicans are no longer masters
of the province of Sonora, however it may geogra-
phically be included within their limits. It is the
Indians who have become ine4isputed masters of
Sonora, which the tribes of the Apaches overrun, and
throughout which they have subjected the old
Hispano-Indian population into mere serf..
Not confining themselves, as of old, to ransoming
towns and villager, and taking from them their
tribute of wealth and women, the Apaches are
regularly settled 's feudal lords and as a conquering
race over the pusillanimous and degenerate Mexicans.
These latter, such of them as exist, cannot but desire
to share the tate of California, and to be annexed to a
brave people, who, whilst they seek gain and enforce
conquest have to defend both.
An expedition to Sonora from California is al-
ready meditated. The subjugation of the Apaches is
for the Americans no difficult matter ; but to
sat about the extraction of gold in this new
region would be impossible, unless the territory itself,
or a considerable portion of it, were American, and
unless their people Finessed a free and near exit to the
sea, and, in short, a port like San Francisco. To answer
this requirement, it is said that the American com-
missioner, FRLYONT, demands that the frontier line,
instead of running from near Ban Di. go up the Colorado,
should, on the contrary, be deflected southwards, so
as to cut off and include within the American frontier
the northern tip of the Bay of Califoroia. Running
across this into Sonora, and thence northward, a good
" cantel" of the new auriferous region would be
carved for the Americans, and would be amply paid
for by them in the security which their defence would
bestow on the entire of the region.
We have no doubt that this project, as soon as
known and beginning to be acted upon, will excite
considerable stir both in the capital of Mexico and in
Ragland. But for our own part we consider that
when the Spanish race has shown itself so imbecile
and so effete as to fall into actual subjection to the
barbarous Indians, then the Anglo-American advances
by right as well as by humanity. And we have neither
word to say, nor feeling to entertain, of jealousy.
The Anglo-Americans are certainly making tre-
mendous advances, and threaten, like CHAR, to
bestride the world like a Cologne. Commodore
Jon to their admiral in the Pacific, at a recent banquet
la these seas, gave as a tout," The Two New Stars"
that were soon to figure on the American flag, those of
the Sandwich Islands and of Cuba. We do not know
what his principals in the Navy-office at Washiogtan
will say to thelatter part of his wish. But &non
may supply the place of Cuba. And as to the Sand-
wich Islands, they are to all intents and purposes
brother JO:!ATIIAN'S already. Our own eentiments on
viewing this greatness are, non ineideo, magis miror.

AXONOIT the parliamentary papers of last session
delivered at this advanced period of the recess, is a
bill "for facilitating and better securing the due ad-
ministration of charitable trust.," which is, in its de-
tails, so creditable to a government whose measures
we are not very frequently enabled to praise, as to
reader a notice of it a bare act of justice to mini.ters.
If, indeed, this measure be taken as part of the policy
which led to the issue of the new Charity Commis-
sion, and if, whilst this bill deals with charities of
minor importance only, that commission will bestow
its attention principally on such greater charitable
foundations as Lord CREWE'S charity, there is at last
some reasonable prospect of seeing the charitable
traits of this country admioistered with integrity and
economy and fur the public advantage; and the go-
vernment which achieves so great • reform will
richly deserve the public gratitude.
Sines the termination of the labours of the old
charity commission there have been several attempts