The Express.
London, England, 1847-08-28 00:00:00

THE EXPRESS, SATURDAY' EVENING, AUGUST 28, 1847.

Time example is better than meet* few will con-
trovert, and to nothing is the maxim more applicable
than to rural affairs. Now, for room years past, the
precepts given by the landowners to their tenants upon
the treatmeat of labourers in hinkandry have been
overflowing with philanthropy. Few landed mag-
inates, since the league agitation attained a strong
head, have sat down at agricultural meetings without
uttering most earnest and solemn injunctions to te-
nant-farmers to pay their labourers good wages, and
look after their moral and physical wellbeing; and
at all such meetings "the agricultural labourers" have
been a Standing toast. It is true that a few blunt
I farmers have insinuated, and some prying five-traders
have asserted, that all this lip-philanthropy, this urging
other and weaker mento a most important work, these
benevolent sentiments, had been scarcely supported
by the personal acts of the acred monitors. Sundry
tales of cottages purchased to be pulled down were
told of almost every squire whose after-dinner elo-
vence kindled on behalf of the farm labourer. Start-
ling statements have again and again appeared of the
long distances agricultural labourers are constantly
compelled to walk to reach the scene of their daily
labours, because the landowners of the parish have
discountenanced the making parishioners, lest their
own rents should be affected by heavier poor-rates.
But, above all, the public mind has been moved by
actual investigations made into the condition of the
dwellings of the labouring classes in the country. In
the west of England, in particular, the want of cot-
tage accommodation is such that even the commonest
decencies of human life are out of the question in
labourers' cottages. And notwithstanding some efforts
to throw the blame of these things upon the farmer*,
it is now on all hands admitted to fall, and justly fall,
upon the landowners.
The truth is, that while the rural working popula-
tion has increased—perhaps, under the operation of the
old poor law, unnaturally increased—the dwellings ell
the poor have either not increased at all, or not in pro-
portion to the increase of population. In some dis-
tricts where the land has been owned by few land-
lords there has been a positive decrease of cottages, in
the face of an increase of cottage occupiers. The evils
inflicted upon the peasantry by this state of things
are many and grievous. They are either crowded to-
gether in a way quite inconsistent with comfort,
decency, or morality, or they are compelled to reside
so far from their place of labour as to add very mate;
rially to the hardship of their lot.
For a time we heard much of the redundant rural
population, and all sorts of schemes were suggested
to meet the ideal evil. Sometimes every farmer Ana
to be compelled to employ a certain proportion of the
labourers of his parish, without much reference to
the free agency of either the farmers or the labourers;
at other times field gardens and potato allotment'
were the panacea for all rural ills. Now, however,
all such schemes are nearly forgotten, for the surplus
labour has been shown to be merely imaginary, inas-
much as with anything like moderately good cultiva-
tion of the land, a deficiency rather than a redun-
dancy of farm labourers is to be apprehended. As to
field garden and potato patch schemes for saving
the poor•rates, all has been dissipated by, the potato
blight. The simplest squire can now understand the
danger of rendering our labouring population de-
pendent upon the potato for subsistence.
In many districts a more healthy and rational tone
of mind is arising amongst the landowners with rela-
tion to the labourers in husbandry. They are begin-
sing to see that their comfort and independence must
be promoted by providing them with suitable dwell-
ings, and enabling them to hold their cottages on a
sure tenure. As evidence of this we may refer to the
ph from a provincial paper, with reference to
ffradigTAELBOROUGH'S estates, which appeared in our
columns the other day. It seems that his lordship is
determined that, except where cottages form part of
or adjoin the farmsteads, or where otherwise control
over them is essential to the farmer, all his cottages
shall be let directly to the labourers, and not
as heretofore let with the farms to farmers. It is as
desirable that the labourer should be independent of
the farmer as that the farmer should be independent
of the landowner. But into this direct letting of
cottages to labourers there should be no fanciful or
arbitrary terms introduced. There should be a simple
letting for so much rent, and if fora longer. time than
a year so much the better. When secure in the as-
cupation of a cottage, the labourer can transfer his ser-
erfees Item ono farmer to another, without, by eo
doing, incurring the inw&enience of leaving his
dwelling-horde, anj, perhaps, flieding it difficult
to obtain anothef. At the ''serne time, every'
farm ought to be provided with a sufficient
number of cottages to enable the farmer always to
have about him his confidential servants, each as his
shepherd, herdsman, foreman, and so forth; and thaw
cottages should be let with the farm and be under the
farmer's absolute controL In this respect all English
farms are very deficient ; and this it is, together with
the absolute scarcity of cottages, as compared with
the rural population, which contributes to the low
condition of our labourers. But it must not be by
mere regulation that landlords should endeavour to
improve the condition of the peasantry; they should
erect new cottages, and repair and enlarge the old ones.
They will thus gradually raise the standard of coin-
Art and decency amongst the agricultural labourers.
We observe, from the report of the Northumberland
agrjcultural society's meeting, that there exists in that
county a " cottage improvement society," and from all
we hear, nowhere is such an effort more needed.
This is a field in which the landowners of England
are especially called upon to labour ; and now that
the public attention has been much drawn to the
manner in which they have performed the duties of
property, it may not be amine that they should be
able to carry to the credit side of their account a well-
directed effort to improve the dwelling of the la-
bourer. In a prize essay of the Royal Agri-
cultural Society, On the Condition of the
Agricultural Labourer, with suggestions for its
improvement" by Mr. GEORGE Nicnots, the poor-
law commissioner, that gentleman lays much stress
on the important* of providing comfortable cottages,
as one of the means of elevating the agricultural
labourer. And he expressly throws the duty of
making such provision on the landlord, ea ' , his
position as owner of the land, necessarily =poem
upon him the duty of providing for its proper cultiva-
tion ; and cottages for the farm labourers are as ne-
cessary for this object, as the house and oat-baildings
are necessary for the farmer, and the landlord shovld
provide whatever is needful lathe one case as well as
in the other."
And again,
In many instances it may be necessary that the cottages
should be situated on the farm over which the labourers are
employed ; and this is more especially necessary where the
farm is large, in which cam they would of course be pro-
vided by the owner of the land. In other instances a neigh-
bouring village may possibly afford the best means of mom-
modatang the labourer; but in this latter can neither the
landlord arm the farmer ought to oreekier himself exone-
rated from the duty of attandin,faut=slate of the dr&
lings. They sheuM ems that the ine="l suitable kelibliese, seessever that they Ohm as
suitable Testa iseshitesei rate we ellen ouster he wha
ruble dwellimp, is whisk** malamute of emehee set
decency ere alas ihnopead, sad its villa, if hula le
preserved, it ensusie shwa to a Wade. hi*
are for the Masse pest the property of sass ship
wlkethey belsair Ni am rhea the
methz4vlleas shopkeeper, vhe
”If
aters la a dada semis depesiest. From these sad helm
tel=mod ispositkes it is the data of is pre-
paspli. 'Aids an only be y dale by pro-
viding ialesie 'Mega for them to realm in, at releasable
rents.
Few will deny these positions abstractedly • but
what is urgently required is active intelligent ;Lotion
on the part of owners of land. Let them show that
they feel they have something more to do on their
estates than to receive rents and preserve game, and
they may yet retain some of that influence over the
community which is fast &lipping from their bands.

The substance of the following appeared in a second
edition last evening :
The Praalin murder still continued to absorb public
attention in Paris on Thursday. The escape of
this enormous criminal from the penalty of
human justioe by suicide has produced a dis-
cussion respecting the privileges of the members
of the Upper Chamber under the charter. It
is highly, probable that, if the Duke of Praslin had
not been invested with the privileges of the peerage,
it would not have been in his power to escape from
the hands of the law. The charter declares the per
sons of members of both chambers inviolable. Re-
garding the representative chamber it makes an
explicit exception in cases of being seized fiagrante
delicto. In the article referring to the Upper
Chamber this exception is omitted. The Procnreur-
General interpreted the silence of the charter as an
exclusion of the exception. If the exception were de-
signed to prevail equally in both cases, he concluded

that the charter would have been equally explicit
in both caws. His interpretation was therefore not
only literal as rerzded the article 29 itself, but also
se stained by an, as , inasmuch the silence could
not be accidental, same charter speaking out dis-
tinctly in article 44 respecting the restricted inviola-
bility of the deputies. It is now contended, never-
theless, that the doubt raised in this case would have
been removed by the article 121 of the code, which
explicitly declares that peers may be arrested if taken
jiagrante Alice& Whatever may be the opinions of
constitutional lawyers, it is clear that all doubt ought
to be removed for the future; and that if the charter
have really conferred on the peerage the monstrous
privilege, it ought to be abolished without delay.
We give elsewhere such further circumstances as
have transpired respecting this melancholy affair.
The Court of Peers is summoned to meet again to-day
(Saturday).
Another reform banquet took place at Pontoise on
the 22nd., on the occasion of an assembly of the
electors to entertain their deputy M. Berville. The
King's health was proposed and 'drunk in something
approaching to silence.
fhe Prince de Joinville continues to suffer from
severe indispoeition. He is still at St. Cloud, where
the rest of the royal family are expected by the end
of the week.
Le Cnurrier Francois says that the Austrian
ambassador has sent to the French government a
note, in which M. de Metternich explains the motives
which have induced the cabinet of Vienna to order
L the military occupation of Ferrara, and to maintain
there henceforward a considerable garrison. This
, note, says that journal, has not been followed by any

Advices continue to arrive from the Italian states,
marked by all the feverish agitation and excitement
which the eveats recently reported in our columns
might naturally be expected to produce among the
population of the south. Letters from the Italian
frontiers, dated the 21st, say that each successive pro-
testation of Cardinal Ciacchi was responded to by a
more and more insulting menace from General Ita-
detzki, the Austrian general-in-chief. The second
protestation of the Cardinal arrived at the head-
' quarters on the 14th, in the evening, and on the 15th,
is the morning, a new reinforcement of troops was
ordered to cross the Po, and to occupy Ferrara. On
the 16th a body of cavalry crossed the river.
Circumstances are mentioned in letters received
from Northern Italy which elucidate in a very satis-
factory manner the alarm felt by Austria at the pro-
bable effects of the enlightened policy commenced,
and likely to be carried out, in the papal states. It
appears that in every. part of Lombardy the en-
thusiasm for Pins IX. is just as great and scarcely
less irrepressible than in the pontifical states. The
people assemble in the squares and promenades of
Milan, singing the hymn of Pius IX. The police en-
deavour in vain to suppress these manifestations. The
authorities have not yet ventured to exercise openly
measures of force for the repression of these demon-
strations.
At Parma the greatest alarm is felt by the people,
who are providing themselves with arms for self-
defence. It was reported that an Austrian battalion
had been marched to reinforce the garrison of
Placentia.

-
On—the other hand, a letter from Leghorn, dated
the 21st, addressed to a commercial house in Mar-
seilles, announces that the recent occupation of
Ferrara produced such an explosion of indignation
throughout the cities of Romagna, that the Austrians
had abandoned the post which they occupied in the
city, and had retired into the citadel. It is certain,
according to these letters, that the attitude of the
population has inspired the Austrian generals with a
salutary fear. They demanded arms en manse, and
arms were distributed to all good citizens. What is
I wonderful is, that thousands of peasants also pre-
Dented themselves in the town, swearing that they
I were ready to die in defence of their country and of
I the Pope.
Letters from Piedmontjustify the hope that Charles
Albert, yielding to the solicitations and remonstrances
of the leaders of liberal opinion, will enter frankly on
measures of constitutional reform, and openly pro-
nounce in favour of the Pope. It is expected that on
the occasion of the. assembly of the Agricultural So-
ciety at Casale, on the 30th and 31st of this month,
he will publish some important meaanres. It has
been remarked as a favourable indication, that the
Piedmontese Gazette, the official journal of the court
of Turin, transfers to its columns all the principal
articles on the papal measures of reform, and those
denouncing the intervention of Austria, which appear
in the journals of Rome, Bologna, and the Tuscan
cities.
Letters from Rome say that the sth of November,
the day of the assembly of the representatives of the
provinces, is looked forward to with the most lively
solicitude. The Pope and Cardinal Ferretti are re-
solved to stand firm against the Austrians, but they
feel that there is no foreign power on whose sincere
countenance they can reckon except England.
The Grand Duke of Tuscany has communicated to
the committee appointed to revise and reform the
penal code of his state, that ho has finally resolved on
the total and unqualified abolition of capital punish-
ment. He has also resolved to substitute solitary
confinement for hard labour at the hulks and in
penitentiariea.

The regular Madrid mails, with the correspondence
of the 21st, have arrived, but they lose almost all
interest in the face of the fact of the departure of
General Narvaez from Paris for Madrid, and the an-
nouncement by the Journal des Debuts of the arrival
of the intelligence (by telegraph) that that personage
has been charged by Queen Isabella with the forma-
tion of a new cabinet. Letters received from Madrid
show that the return of Narvaez has oozed out there.
They say that the report is generally credited that
M. Pacheco has recalled General Narvaez, and that
a ministerial combination is confidently looked for, in
which the general will take a leading part.

MADRID, Ana. 21.
The ministry, prematurely reported dead, exhibits
still some feeble, ghastly gleams of life ; and, if I mistake
not, the nation will have to rue the present galvanised
protraction of its existence. In fact, the semi-official
Correo pretends that ministers will not have done
their duty till they have knocked once more at the
door of the Pardo, and besought Don Francisco
d'Assis to name a nearer date for his return to the
palace of Madrid. This time -Pacheco is to be
the suppliant. If the consort were a Spanish
Oariolanus, encamped with armies at his back,
threatening the capital with sword and flame,
more pains could not be taken to soften his
mood and reverse his fiat. But it needs no lynx
to see that this is purely a feint to gain time. The
ministry can stand no longer : the trash of the puritan
ramp destined to succeed under the auspices of Sala-
manca is a mere make-shift, a thing of a day, an
article of the same kind but worse in quality. Such a
ministry could not stir the grand question. Therefore,
one or other of the two great parties must come in.
All the chances of the moment are on the side of
the progresistas. Recent financial exposures have
greatly damaged the Mon-Pidal set, and the domi-
nation of Narvaez is remembered as an evil dream.
The sanguinary coercion and contempt of law which
marked his rule fortunately find daily fewer advo-
cates among his old supporters. The time then was
just in joint for the access of the liberals to power;
and power has been offered to them, repeatedly,
within the lest fortnight. To their credit, they would
not accept submission to the vague shadow of an
occult influence. They desired that this influence should
be legitimised, and defined by the responsibilities of
office ; or that it should remove itself altogether from
the precincts of the throne. Their condition, with its
alternative, was rejected. Now the puritan ministry,
lying at its last gasp, and incapable ally longer of
wholesome activity, has determined to block up with
its inert esretum the avenue by which the p
might arrive at office. Under the pretence of a new
attempt to settle the palace-question, they are in fact
only prolonging their existence for a few days, that
Narvaez may have time to come from Paris.
We are then on the eve of beholding, just a year
after the 'lase en scene of Louis Philippe s grand plot
for planting his progeny on the throne of Spain, the
opening of another act in this precious drama. I
have now to call your attention to a fact of the utmost
importance. I hear from trustworthy sources, that if
the present crisis terminates in favour of the mode-
radar, Norms and his colleagues will propose to the
Queen to abdicate in favour of a regency under the
Duchess of Montpensier. If the Queen refuses, the
Comes will be summoned, and a bill will be brought
forward by the same parties declaring the Queen incom-
petent to reign, and proposing the said regency. I CM-

not dwell too shadseßy upon the imminent danger
which exists of this 04 wng realised. There seem
but too many peak to fear that the anniversary of
our first bamboaidement will be kept by a fresh mys-
tification. Ani Wise Lord Palmerston at the helm,
and Mr. Bulwer an the bow, exert all their vigilance
and energy, the dangerous strait through which oar
Spanish diplomacy is passing may cause us to spring
a fresh leak, more irreparable than the last. Tho
points for which we ought to struggle are a Serrano-
Cortina ministry, dissolution of the Cortes, a divorce
bill, and a bill for excluding the Duchess de Mont-
pelier from the succession. The choice of a new
husband for the Queen would naturally lie among
these three competitors : the Prince of Portugal, the
Coburg Prince, or Count Montemolin. It would be
useless to enter into any further speculations at
present.
Salamanca has appointed Senor Escadero, cousin
of General Cordova, president of a finance committee
to be organised at Paris, with a salary of 40,000
Teals, in room of the simple commissionerLlanoPonte,
who has hitherto been amply sufficient for all useful
purposes. This does not look much like economy.
The Queen has named D. Antonio Posada Herrera
her head chaplain, almoner and patriarch of the
Indies, in the room of Don J. J. Bond y Orbe, ap-
pointed archbishop of Toledo.
The King has dismissed two of his gentilhombres,
Counts Pino-Hermoso and Revillajigedo, for what
cause is not known ; but their discharge seems highly
unpalatable to the ultra-moderados.
General Pavia has issued a new circular to the
town authorities of Catalonia, admirably consistent
with his previous ordinances. This imports that all
those proprietors who abandon the towns where they
reside in search of refuge from the Carlists, are to be
included in the fines which are imposed on those
towns, and to be charged double the amount whirl
would fall to their share if they remained. If them
were any real vigour in the conduct of Pavia, some
'severity might be excused ; but he is impotent against
the enemy, while he worries the population he is sent
IND protect. All this inclines many persons to believe
that he is playing the game of the Afraneesados, and
ripening matters for French intervention. The lead-
ing members of the Central Junta, at Barcelona, in
1813, and other respectable centralistas, have ad-
dressed an indignant answer, printed in the Eco and
Expectador, to his calumnious attack upon the pro-
gresistas of Catalonia, a body of 20,000 men, in an
official communication to the government.
Abd-el-Kader has addressed a letter to the Queen,
praying her to act as mediator to procure from
the French government a cessation of hostilities
against him.
The Faro intimates that disturbances are brewing
in Andalusia. _ _ _

The Clamor and Erpectador have both transferred
to their columns the article in your number of the
12th, which exhibits the policy and character of
Louis Philippe in their true colours.
[The rest of our correspondent's communication re-
lates to financial matters, and is printed under the
head of money market.]

FRANCE.—Accus trioN AGAINST M. OuizoT.—
The Nurentburp Correspondent having persisted, in reply to
the contradiction of the Monitessr and the Journal des
Dgats, in stating that a Polish lady who had gone to Berlin
to communicate with one of the political prisoners, had been
expelled in consequence of information from M. Guizot, the
Moniteur l'aruaen of Wednesday evening declares in the
most formal and absolute manner that the statement of the
iN'tiressiburg Correspondent is false.
EXECUTION AT VERSAILLES.—Marquis, the coting
man, aged only 20, who woo condemned to death some time
ago, for the attempted murder of a young woman in the
Faubourg Montmartre, was on Wednesday morning exe-
cuted at Versailles. He had, it will be remembered, scraped
acquaintance with the woman in the street, and aceompanitd
her to her own house, where, as he said, be passed the night
with her. lie represented himself u a man of considerable
wealth, though only the son of a porter, and having seen
some pieces of gold in the possession of the female, he tried
to kill her to obtain possession of them. The wounds he in.
flitted on her were very serious. He was first condemned
to death by the Court of Assizes of the Seine; but, on appeal
to the Court of Causation, the conviction was quashed,
and he was sent to be tried by the Court of Assizes
of the Seine-et-Oise, which again condemned him to
death. After the second csEtpdfmnation his character

underwent a singular change. Violence and brutality made
way for ineekneeand resignation, and be became profoundly
religious. His father had been to see him every Monday,
but did not go last Monday, and Marquis felt that that, was '
an indication of his approaching fate. At five o'clock yes-
terday
morning, the chaplain of the prison entered his cell I,
to announce to him that he had only a few minutes to live.
Marquis exhibited much calmness, considering his extreme
youth: " Come, Monsieur l'Abbe," said he, " come ; I un-
derstand ; lam ready !" The priest remained with him till
Ili o'clock. Marquis expressed his regret to die, but admitted
the justice of his condemnation. lie then thanked all the
officers of the gaol for the very great kindness they had
shown him. Whilst the last preparations were being made,
he remained perfectly calm, and prayed with fervour. " You
think," he remarked, " that I am courageous, but it is only
religion which sustains me." On arriving at the scaffold he
ascended it with a firm step, kaelt down, and kissed the
cross which the priest presented him. He then rose, turned
towards the spectators, and said in a loud voice, "Citizens, I
render homage to the justice of man which has condi med
me, for lam a great criminal, and I demand your prayers.
Remember that Jesus Christ shed his blood to wash away
the sins of men, and I shed mine to wash away my sins
Citizens, pray for a brother! Ah ! when I say brother lam
unworthy of the name. lam a great criminal. Citizens,
thanks for your prayers, my soul is about to fly to heaven !"
At this moment the voice of the poor wretch took a remark-
able intonation, and tears flowed from his eyes. The crowd
was painfully affected. The executioner having approached,
Marquis made a sign that he had concluded, and repeated,
" You see that I am courageous, but it is only religion
which sustains me !" In pronouncing these words he placed
himself in the hands of the executioner. One of the
assistants seized him by the hair to place his head under
the knife. Marquis then cried with a loud voice, " Jesus !
Mary ! Jesus! Mary ! Jesus ! Mary !" and the next moment
all was over.
ITALY.—LuccA, AUG. 14.—The Duke of Lucca
is gone to Venice, when the Viceroy is also. It is said that
the duke's departure has been caused by the agitation which
prevails in the duchy, and the news received at one of his
summer palaces that the rebels were coming to attack him.
It is further stated that he had applied for the intervention
of the Austrian government, and will probably obtain
it. No doubt is entertained that this affair will be fol-
lowed by serious oswaegnanees when the peculiar situation
of the duchy of Lucas L known. The congress of Vienna
guaranteed to this duchy the constitution of 1806
According to this constitution, it was to have a senate
composed of 30 members, with the power of nominating
the judges and sanctioning the laws. The people have also
the right of requiring the organisation of a national guard ;
but the duke has recently refused an application made to
him on this subject. There are no practicable roads for the
Austrian troops through the duchy of Modena, and their pas-
sage through the Roman states may be attended with diffi-
culties. In the event of the death of the Archduchess Maria
Louisa, Duchess of Parma, the duchy of Lucca will be-
come annexed to Tuscany. The most important question,
therefore, is, what will then be the position of the duchy of
Lucca ?
BELGlUM.—Bauseut, Auu. 26.—The Moniteur
of this morning publishes a royal ordonnance, prolonging
until the let of March next the period for the free importa•
lion of cattle: the leiginally fixed Period would expire on
the le of Se her neut. In their report to the King on
this subject, tire Meiners keld out the prospect of
•to recommend to Ins s=ptheas_se abolition of the
to export prohibition wkieb will
mem* is ihelli=the let of Odeber next. The ste=
seam far this emery wU banktemenow. The
Cemenve el Aahreop, ergo that the recent hums le
London hod given a tomporry shall to *edit to the hams
' city, as well al rim to mikes sisameing meows restaitiag
the effect that Mims w u have Is the ousuareelel
cropolis of this eemfay. The mace Pommel Mk however,
that no grounds kr thinks to the pm-
verbial prudence of grtr.......-irlte city.
OSTEND, Auo. 116.—Tba 'weather has toes vary
bad during the. week. lady Onspeve d atimieats
arrived, yesterday, to the Tritom, Diu. Loam. She was the
only packet that ventured eat, laeuropesseset theiresolter.
RUSSIA.—Mr. Cobdeo imam towelling la Homia.
Oa the 13th inst. be slighted at ems distance her a ear
tom-hone. Intent on hie widens umnsing the liberty of
trade, he pease the gate; bet a many aims est " Stop;"
and levels his piece at Lam. Rome ties was requisite for the
' affair to be perfectly explained, and in the interval the cu-
riae came up.—Gas. de Voss, Aug. 26.
EGYPT.—THE EARTHQUAKE.—Letters from Cairo
of the 10th announce that, as the shocks of earthquake had
not been repeated, lOM'S minds had become calm. It ma
ascertained that three persons had been killed, and five badly
wounded, by the falling of the columns of the mosque. At
Rosetta six boons had fallen down.
THE BAHAMAS.—Advicee from Nassau, N.P.,
to the 23rd July, have been received in Liverpool. The in-
-1.1 , however, is totally, devoid of interest.
111071. TE VIDEO.—The Oriental barque, Ernestina,
arrived at Liverpool, has brought one day's later intelligence
frost the Uruguayan eapital, she having sailed on the 11th
June. The news is unimportant.

THE PRASLIN MURDER AND SUICIDE.
The greatest excitement and Stich exasperation
Were produced in Paris arm the Imes classes, on Wed-
nesday and Thursday, by the sanemseneat of the whine
of tha Duke de Praslin, the pandas beteg roseranjgem.
vadat that his adadestranka ves emerved at.
ordlested on every side dike palm when Ide remise lay,
sada was thought mime to an the Mantammeisee In
respect to the aditasSailldet memithe baladlay.
At live eels* ea allannes, the Prwassar na,
N. Brushy, attended at per, and hi the proms ot

the director and the attending physicians, MM. Rouge;
Louis, and Andral, made a proe4s verbal of Om facts. The
declaration made by M. Reset to the Procure= du Rol
wee as follows:—" I accompanied the Deka de Pemba
during his removal from his hotel to this prison, and I have
censtantly attended him since his arrival here. I attribute
his death to poisoning with arsenic. I think that, in order
to obtain positive proof, it will be necessary to proceed to an
autopsy. The death took place at 35 minutes after 4 in the
afternoon, and I consider it to be abso:utely certain."
The populace assembled around the prison on Wednesday
evening, notwithstanding the presence of a considerable mi-
litary force, showed symptoms of an approaching imeute,
demanding is loud and menacing tones to be shown the body
of the Duke de Praslin, and exclaiming that they did not
believe him to be dead. The military were at length
ordered to disperse the people. Several individuals are
reported to have been arrested.
The will of the Duchess de Praslin has been delivered to
the President of the Tribunal. She bequeathed an annuity
of considerable amount to her husband, and annexed to the
directions respecting the education of her children (six of
whom are daughters) the significant condition that their
education should be superintended by a man, a professor, and
not by a governess.
Of the innumerable accounts which are given in the Paris
journals of the circumstances attending the Duke de Prsslin,
from which the time of hie swallowing the poison is to be
inferred, the following given by the law journal, Le Droit,
Is the most consistent with the facts, and in itself the most
intelligible and probable
" It will be remembered that, on the first report of the
crime committed in the hotel Sebastiani on the 18th, the
magistrates were immediately called in. It was about six
in the morning that the investigation took place and the
interrogations commenced. Throughout the day the hotel
was surrounded, and every care taken that no person should
he allowed to leave it ; but the persons who lived in it were
not subjected to any personal, direct, and continuous surveil-
lance, nor were they gardt,es a Vile, in the true meaning of
the words. The first suspicions fell upon the valet de
chambre, who on his side suggested that his neater should
be closely watched. This first stage of the affair must not
be lost sight of, because it is the key of all that follows. It
was in the morning, immediately after having been sub-
jected to the questions of the Procureur-Glineral, the sense
and bearing of which it was not difficult for the duke to
comprehend, that the serious derangement, which is ex-
-11,..7,11 by the extreme emotions of every kind he had tin-
e, and the species of stupor into which his examina-
tion' kad thrown him, took. place. At this time neither the
mielstratts nor any other person in the hotel had any sus-
picion of poison. Dr. Louis, the family physician, who was
the first called in to ascertain the coudition of the duke
and duchess, thought he recognised in the state of the
duke symptoms of cholera, the causes of which were
naturally attributed to the terrible agitations of the pre-
ceding night. During Wednesday, M. de Poulin re-
mained in a state of debility accompanied by all the
symptoms of cholera, without anything to indicate poi-
soning, of which iu fact no idea occurred to any ape.
'the odium of justice, engaged deeply and exclusively in
investigating the circumstances of the crime, the secret
of which was not completely unveiled, paid but a secondary
attention to the state of the duke, of whose projects they had
no surmise. On Thursday his condition became aggravated,
and the use of a bath was thought necess,ry, and, from his
weakness, he was placed in an arm-chair to be carried to it,
but on the way an irresistible diarrhea came on, the elite.
via from which was such that the chair was of necessity
taken into the garden, where it remained till the 24th. On
Thursday, in consequence of the accumulating suspicious
against him, the duke was put under the most rigid sur.
veillance. The symptoms taken for cholera, and which
would be so taken again, continued, and were combated by
the treatment employed in such cases, namely, by adminis-
tering iced wine and other iced drinks. Things remained I.
this state till Saturday morning at 4 o'clock, when the duke
was conducted to the Luxembourg with the assent of Drs.
Rouget de Saint Pierre and Andral. On the way he drank
twice. It was in error that vomitings were mentioned. At
least it is certain that from the time of his removal till his
death, no disorder of this kind occurred in the system of
M. de Poulin. He appeared to be getting a little better
until his interrogatory by the Chancellor, on Saturday,
the only one, in fact, be underwent. At that moment
only, from new external signs, the physicians began to
believe that it was not an attack of cholera, but that the
duke had poisoned himself. Such symptoms could not
escape the observation of Dr. Rouget, who communi-
cated his suspicions to the chancellor and the grand re-
ferendary. M. Chevalier, the chemist, was scot for, and
the evacuations of the duke were analysed, end found to
contain a considerable quantity of arsenic; enough, indeed,
according to the report of M. Chevalier, to poison several
persons. The fact of poisoning being thus established, it re-
mained only to seek for the means by which it was effected,
and the three phials already mentioned were found, and no
doubt remained that the duke had taken a large quantity of
the arsenic. Upon this discovery the treatment was changed,
and emollients administered. On being questioned by the
chancellor as to the time when he [mile the poison, the duke
confessed that it was on Wednesday morning, while being
oppressed by the questions of the chancellor, and feeling
all the horror of his position. He stated that he brought
the arsenic with him from the Chateau de Freshet,
where he generally kept a large quantity for domestic pur-
poses and works of art, in which he took pleasure to employ
himself. Such is the recital, which we believe to be per-
fectly correct, of a death which has given rise to so many va-
rious conjectures. There is nothing precise or uniform in
the effects produced by swallowing arsenic, which are known
to very in different persons. Sometimes this poison kills
immediately, sometimes it will not begin to act fur four or
five days. In this particular ease the poison began to act
immediately, although death did not ensue till a week after-
wards. It has been erroneously stated that the person of the
duke was sensibly reduced, and that there was a raractioa
of the tissues. His person bore all the characters of strength,
with a sound and vigorous constitution, which fully explains
the slow action of the poison. The body of the duke is placed
on a bed with all the trappings of mourning. Near it is a.
crucifix with two lighted tapers, and a priest in constant
prayer."
The National, in a violent article, affirms its titer die-
belief in the allegation that the poison was taken by the
duke six dsys before it produced his death, and plainly in-
, (hates that it was conveyed to him by the connivance of the
authorities at a much more recent period, to avert the public
spectacle of a peer of France, a member of the haute
noblesse and • chevalier d'honneur of the court, falling
under the guillotine.
The result of the investigations of the magistrates at the
chateau de Vaux is given by the Constilutionnet as follows:
The examining magistrate, M. Legonidee, proceeded on
Sunday morning to the Chateau of Vaux. The search in-
stituted there lasted until Monday evening, and. H. Lego-
nidec returned yesterday morning to Paris. A great re-
serve is naturally imposed on us relative to what hm been
officially aiscovered,but the following is what was spoken
of openly in the neighbourhood. The chateau in the time
of Fouquet is well known. M. de Praslin had expended
considerable sums to restore, to its ancient splendour, this
seat spoken of by La Fontaine, Pelisson, and Mdme. do
Sevigne. He had thoroughly repaired the salle dee garde,
which is 80 feet high. It would be impossible to depict the
grief and consffirnation in which the country is thrown by
the late frightful catastrophe. Mdme. de Praslin was ex-
ceedingly charitable and perticularly good to the poor. Some
cotes of her expenses, found in her bedroom, give proof of
her kindness. By the side of money given her by the duke
for her toilette, may be read, " 100 fr. given to the femme T—
eo help her to get a substitute fbr her son," " 50fr. sent to
It—, whose wife has lately lain in." Proofs of her
charity are also found in the account of alma entrusted to
the clergy of the neighbonximod. The misunderstanding,
between the duchess eat be husband, which had in-
creased after 1843, whoa Mlle. de Luzzi entered the family,
was knows to every MIL The domestics had spoken of
stormy some which tea fplam, and a wad presentiment
appeared to @ghats M. de-Preslin. who was always in low
spirits. • Meness tie shimbee states that the ductless was
walkbeg to the peak a masa back when the duke came
to ask be to chit the dimity vault at the chateau, which had
ban bolt ntlealred, " Pee whit purpose," said she ; " shell
I not sem deemed them he ever ?" The official search has
brought to light in the Dasher's chamber a number of
papers sealed with black wax. ea the envelope of which is
written in be band, " Fee my husband, to be opened
after my death." Them papers have not been yet
opened, this akeom being left to Duke Pamela. A
bulky maneareigit was also diamvered containing private
memoirs whisk the Dadra had Written, and in which she
gives an enema et the happy yams of her marriage, with
bar subsequent diegrins. the Duke's apartment the
much was for a long time fruitless, but at last in the secret
answer of a (shiest was found a great number of letters, said
to be from MB.. de Luaxi, signed " and all corn-
neacinby ihenwerds, Xis eber Theobald." Other ire-
preantiettem mere head ia the male place. It would appear
that a long ..... a -- baitakaa place lately between the
dos aid Anshan, nimbi prhsely to the mistinder-
Mnedies leabieting between Shim Some letters of Marshal
sometimes relaSag to money matters, and at
ethers raperding in pretty sharp terms his **min law
he his camile. to his wife, are also in the hands ofjeseien
It is by aatelte that it has been announced that =hie
Don Is mot on avert at the Conciergerie ; this masses la
on the astray rigorously enforced in her ease. She hear
sal to walk weary bey for two hone in the inner court, 'WM
every NM lie b shut sp. In her times of exercise, she et
eagle
Gad wave. The description given of her itt eM
la set altesetbar
_conect. She is dressed simply, hut
inelatellbea. awl gram. Her Iglus hie lest
=emu MIS 461111111011 of youth ; her eyes, width am
elk a dot ring, have as intelligent expreadts;
he @e impale, and denotes fatigue; her hair, of OM
haws,savregal with taste.
The inmelepstions of the officers ofjuatice were ontinsal
of Weans:bay is Paris. A plan of the apartments we=
to hi diseitstwA among the peers. A copy of this was
by the Onutitutionnet, in which it was published as Thurs-
day. Several searches have been made and other mama
adieu. The Casette des Tribunas gives the hands(
reseal of the proceedings
We said yesterday that as investigation had boa nob
• ot Paris by M. Bronsmis, jags d'inatructton, in order* dis-
sever the little box in while Mlle. de Le:xi Drles
closed bee eorrespondesac This box was depceitei Imo
daystermy Mdlle. de pod Dssportes in the hands eters of
her who in be Ws gave it te a doctor. Whim UM
*Saw visited the resiatmee of the latter he was sired
his beasekeeper, however, hastesed to remit the bole the
entoloing magiebate. Bat the letters of the Duke dermal
W been resinsal Is.. ; sod it was only, it is said, As
_andirons boasties, thetas woman went to seek for them
beams the yeses of a aglow to the library. We en
emceed that i @ace et then Wen the Dohs lie Pails boll
out to the omen to whoa it woo adisseed esti, hers II
haidato, but saltine thud haw nor the Mime swab asp
thing Ihat has referees, to the mime of the lath Ahogust.
The mitres of the bomedispeshon is the MN dm Inati7
who he bon sled as s whom. INS
on to dense with rannot to the via noistrlitZy, the

nth, to Man do LemMosporten by fp Duo de Perlin.
WSJ do Ind la ads* id in AMR* remain alone a
monent Id* *a ebb, wli ossompondathilEttwo
640,.; bat Ws cloalandin boo bona by
gmgal dopoitioni. All the domiloa Ibo boon
aiding is Jo worn of the ientoldpridon, 1100 principal
poiglog of rid& woo u to *a aconand dad dug at the
first
OMnint at whisk*, wino wee dimocoor 01. Oa the
ignAlgonne of Jo borriblo sonoolostian which his agitated
imaradas oonssaiosted to bin, the dobabont into • violent
pg gig garst, and cried: " I always told you tint a taidortuno
Joild any! You always leave the damn spa!" This
WO et irritation continued during a part of the morning,
W lao again became exceedingly wry when he was told
*ea &member of his family had sacend to coavey the fatal
sews to Marshal Sabastiani " I do not understand," he
cried, "his taking the liberty of such • step without my
order—l am the only master here Bet from the moment
at which he felt that all the suspicions were directed against
himself, and that be was questioned as if guilty, he all at
once changed his tone and manner. He no longer answered
without hesitation, and avoided all categorical explanations,
sometimes even not replying at all. Such were also the
ebarseteri‘ties of the interrogatory to which he was lab-
jeeted before the committee of examination. To the gee*
time too precise to the demand for a yes or • no, he re-
plied—' I know nothing of it ; I am too ill to reply to such
* question.'"
The autopsy of the body of the duke was made on Wed-
acidly by MM. Tardieu, Canuet, Simon, Boys de Leary,
and Orfila, m?mbers of the faculty of medicine, at the prison
of the Luxembourg. During this operation the populace
was collected in large numbers in front of the prison, eagerly
seeking to learn the most trifling details of the affair. The
presence of arsenic in the system was ascertained by Marsh's
apparatus. It was found in enormous quantities in the ven-
tricle and the duodenum. The remains of the murderer are
retained in the prison awaiting the orders of the authorities.
A prizes verbal of the autopsy was drawn up and signed by
the physicians.
The same physicians, with the Baron Puquier, ascer-
tained in the presence of the Procureur do Rol the several
traces of wounds, scratches, and contusions, on the person of
the duke which were inflicted on him by his wife in her
struggles for life. The following were ascertained:-
1. On the right arm, a scratch of a blueish colour, very dis-
tinct, and of some length. 2. On the right hand, within the
thumb, • bite which tore away the epidermis through the
length of about half an inch. 3. Another deep bite at the I
end of the first finger of the right hand : the duke *scribed
this to • wound accidentally received. 4. On the left hand
a deep scratch to the surface of the phidengian joint. S. On
the first finger of the left hand, on the outside of the second
joint, aw. und, and near it • deep scratch this linger was
covered with newly-dried blood on the 18th. 6. On the
middle finger of the left hand several violent scratches with
the nails, by which pieces of the epidermis were torn away.
7. On the fore part of the left leg a long excoriation
as wide as the palm of the hand, attended with eon-
sideraMe swelling. This wound evidently proceeded
from • recent contusion, and was explained by the
duke to have proceeded from • blow against the step of a
carriage. 8. On tke upper part of the calf of the left leg, a
slight wound.—All these contusions were recent, and evi-
dently proceeded from his struggle with the duchess in ac-
complishing the murder.
Marshal Sebastiani received the intelligence of the catas-
trophe at Vevey. near Geneva. General Tiburee Sebastiani,
his brother, left Paris on Wednesday, to meet him. The
marshal was expected in Paris on the evening of Thursday.