The Express.
London, England, 1853-01-20 00:00:00

ITALY .

The Milan Gazette of the 13th Instant publishes a
notification of Count &remold°, announcing that the
military contingent of the Lombardo-Vonetian pro-
vinces for 1853 was fixed at 13,390 recruits.

In its sitting of the 14th the Chamber of Deputies
at Turin commenced the discussion of a bill on mu-
tual insurance and joint-stock companies. The oh-
ject•of the bill is to lay a special tax upon them, and
to regulate their operations In certain cases. The
first two articles of the bill were voted without
division.

SWITZERLAND.

The eorrespoadent of the 'Neva* writes from Bet%
lin :—Prussia has come to an understanding with
England respecting the course to be adopted towards
Neufchatel, and is now negotiating in order to bring
the French government over to its views. The King
attaches great importance to this affair.

GERMANY.

The Austrian Archduke Rainer who has died
at Botzen, on the Tyrol, where he has re-
sided since 1848, was, with the exception of the
Archduke Louis, the youngest brother of the
Emperor Francis I. He was born at Florence on the
30th of September, 1783, his fatherbeing at thatepoch
Grand Duke of Tuscany. The Archduke, as colonel
of the regiment which bore his name, took part in
several of the wars with France; and, during
the later campaigns, obtained the grade of
Field-Marshal. In 1820, the Emperor nomi-
nated him to the vice-royalty of the Lombardo-
Venetian provinces, which had been constituted by
the decree in 1816 a kingdom. In the same year he
married the Princess Elizabeth of Savoy-Carignan
whose brother Charles Albert, in 1831, ascended the
throne upon the extinction of the elder branch of
the house of Savoy. Of this marriage eight children
were born, two of them princesses, the elder of whom,
the Archduchess Maria, died at Vienna in 1842, the
other is now wife of Victor Emanuel, King of Sardinia.
Of the six princes, his sons, one died in tender years
at Milan, the other five have commissionsin the
Austrian army. One of them, Rainer, the fifth by
birth, married two years ago the Archduchess Caro-
line, daughter of Charles, the adversary of Napoleon
on the fields of Aspern and Wagram.
During the twenty-seven years of the late prince's
vice-royalty, no incident, except the abortive rising
of 1821, arose to trouble the pacific course of his
residence, one can hardly say of his administration,
in Italy. The system of absolute centralisation
which was in operation, called every im-
portant subject to Vienna for decision, rendering
the power of the Viceroy all but nominal. To repre-
sent the sovereign, as well as was possible with a
civil list of 1,200,000 francs, give audiences, and no-
minate to some secondary employments of a merely
ministerial character, was all that he was required
or permitted to do. Whatever concerned the army
or magistracy was in other hands. He was thus
neither hated nor loved by the population which
had seen him placed over them by a foreign and ab-
sent: power. Things went on thus until the
commencement of 1848, when, on the 3rd of
January, a frightful occurrence ensanguined
the streets of Milan. Some soldiers of the
garrison bribed with money and cigars by those
whose duty it was to protect the citizens, after
wandering in search of provocation, drew their
swords upon a miserable quarrel, and began to sabre
right and left all whom they met, sparing neither
age nor sex. Seventy persons were the victims of
this fury. The archbishop, at the head of the prin-
cipal notabilities of the city, went to the
civil government to demand justice. The
Archduke, who was then at his villa at Monza,
immediately issued a proclamation, in which he
promised an inquiry and the active employment of
his influence at Vienna to obtain redress for the
abuse of military power. For a few days Renoir was
popular, but scarcely a week bad passed when ano-
ther proclamation fifth, from Vienna, and lased by
the Emperor himself, was placarded in the streets of
Milan. It announced measures of rigour against
those who considered themselves victims of the ani-
mosity of the Austrian soldier)! • not one word of
the inquiry or redress promised by the resident
Archduke. Upon this contretemps, Rainer judged it
prudent to quit Lombardy and retire to the fortress
of Verona. Six weeks later the revolution of Milan
broke out, and some days after this Piedmoutese were
before Verona. The Archduke then resigned his
functions and withdrew to Botzen, where he resided
till his death. . . .

The Prussian government, seeing the obstacles
which impede the formation of a working conven-
tion between France and the Austro-German post-
verein, has resolved to propose a postal union with
Belgium, in order that negotiations with France
may subsequently be resumed with greater proba-
bility of success.
The Leipeic Gazette states, under the head of
Vienna, that there is no truth in the statement
made by some of the German journals of the French
government having recently made an application
to the Austrian Cabinet for the reduction of the
import duties on certain articles of French produce
and manufacture. An application of this kind was,
it is added, made about a year since, and the Cham-
bers of Commerce in Austria having been consulted,
the French government was informed that the tariff
would be modified if in its turn France would reduce
the duty on Austrian wool. This was refused, and
since then nothing more has been said on the
subject.
A letter from Prague of the Bth informs us that a
grand organ, constructed for the Lutheran congrega-
tion of that city, was opened on the previous Sun-
day. The instrument, which is from the celebrated
manufactory of Breschkow, of Breslau, has four rows
of keys, and cost 2,2001., which was raised by a sub-
scription in which not only Lutherans but the Archi-
episcopal Primate and many of his clergy with other
cathohcs took part. The organ was first played at
the morning service, in presence of an assembly in
which many non-Lutheran notabilities, and in par-
ticular several Romish ecclesiastics, were observed.'
M. Hess, of tke Lutheran church, executed Sebastian
Bach's grand Fugue in C Minor with great precision
and talent. When he had concluded he was invited
to dine with the catholic archbishop. These acts of
religious tolerance have caused a general satisfaction
at Prague.

DENMARK.

Letters from Copenhagen, of the 13th, confirm the
mouncement of the dissolution of the Danish Diet.

MONTENEGRO.

A telegraphic despatch from Trieste, dated the
15th inst., states that George Petrovitch Negosch,
cousin of the reigning prince, had arrived there on
his road to Vienna and St. Petersburgh on a special
mission.

General Baron Hi:diner, adjutant of the Emperor
of Austria, and General Mamula, governor of Dal-
matia, had arrived at Cattaro, accompanied by the
governor of Dalmatia. Different Austrian battalions
hid received orders to march to Dalmatia to
strengthen the Austrian army there. Omer Packs
was said to have arrived at Scutari on the 7th lan.,
at the head of a large body of troops, and proposed
commencing the campaign at once, without waiting
for the spring. Prince Daniel had gone to Orshovo
to concert military operations with the Voivods of
Wojatich, who has declared himself for the Monte-
negrines. This prince was very recently decorated
by the Emperor of Russia with the order of St.
Anne, third class. The Prince of Montenegro also
wears Russian orders.

AN AMESICAN VIEW OP 1882.—A new year.
Eighteen hundred and fifty-two has gone out, shaking his
hoary locks as ho went at the babe eighteen hundred and
fifty-three, whom this morning ushered into a shivering
existence. Clue we awhile on the tottering form of
the old man as he fade' in the distance ; let us seas his
share of history's dial, and grasp, if we can, in one broad
view, the whole tendency of his career. A motley crew
they are, these years ; some joyous, se when a period of
famine is succeeded by a plenteous harvest, or a long war is
terminated by a general peace, or a noble invention or happy
discovery offers rich promise of new treasures
to mand ; some gloomy seasons of disease, of
strife, of man Miffing against the elements ; some
merely dull end monotonous, neither cheered nor
damped by any unusual event, and destined to
burthen the memory of so future chrooologer. One year
goes down to posterity as a memorable stage in she world's
progress; another, like the ebbing tide of the era, is marked
by a strange reaction, a seeming decay in the strength of
the human intellect. Not that the world ever actually
takes a retrograde step, but its fitful, unsteady progress can
seldom be traced in the history of any one nation or state,
and the delusion arises from our philosophical telescope
being pointed toward the wrong object. France may seem
to slide backward, bat England is advancing ; the decline
of Spain may be obvious, but Russia's progress is equally
manifest ; Europe may be stationary, but America s on-
ward mar defies the chronicler's art. Progress ie ea in.
variable la* of oar nature, and the years of reaction which
fill the sensitive mind with fears, are but the recoil of the
wave which Is oboist to spring forward with new vigour.--
lino rods Ihrald.

AMERICA.
ARRIVAL OF THE ATLANTIC.

(Jr WLOCTRIC TILIORAPH.]
(PEON OUR OWN COIIILZSPONDINT.)

LIVERPOOL, THURSDAY.

The United States Mail steam-ship Atlantic, Capt.
West, has just arrived in the Mersey direct from New
York, which rat she would leave on the Bth, and
bring dates from that city four days later than were
landed from the Canada on Sunday last.
The Atlantic brings 43 passengers, but no specie.
He mails will leave this by the 9 o'clock p.m.
train, for first delivery on Friday morning; and
those for the Continent will cross the channel at
mid-day.