The Express.
London, England, 1865-01-25 00:00:00

THE DANIIBLiN PRIECIPAUTIE&

-
The Hospodar of Roumania (says the /iscli-
peadance Beige) has just taken a fresh measure
which tends to nothing less than the emancipation
of the principalitiee from all connexion with the
spiritual power of the eastern church represented
ljartehde Patriarch of Constantinople. He ban de-
the absolute independence of the Roumain
church as far as concerns its organisation and dis-
cieine ; the dogmatic unity is, however, to be main-
tamed b' a vowel synod which will keep up rela-
tions with the Byzantine patriarohat. It is as-
serted that the Roumain clergy agree with
Prince Couza as to the establishment of a national
church ; it remains to be seen how the reform will
be welcomed by the Greek clergy and by Imelda,
who has not yet renounced her protectorate rights
over the orthodox church in Turkey.

FossioN-omes, JAN. 14.—Tbe Queen has been
gloolosaly *mot to .opoi■t Garai Noel Posy,
Dom has litakvAis
_Oosoul at Park to he bet liaiestil
Cenral at mal de 14—essoNe.

ma itM6l37 MOM Ir. It @MON omit&
00/47MIT0111911" " •
AIL) --•--
mem; lAN. U. AffHTO/1-1/NDER-LYNB, TEMUAT NNW.
A meeting of the most influential members of the This evening, Mr. Maker Gibson, Preeidemi el
Chamber of Deputies will take pia today at the the Beard et Trade, addressed • erowded lad
Minister of the Interior's official residence, in order Illsollag pf his 'tioestitopiele le the Tows-tali here. The
to come to an understanding about the great ques- *titaness( theight hem amisame with the Meyer, Dr.
tion of the Committee of Inquiry report, which is Oa% Mr. AO Memo Mei Ohms, was eiptlld by lowl,o
to be diecussed to-morrow. The chief ' object of dhow*. Ahoy Iraq holmium& by the Mayor amidst re. ,
Signor Lanxa's meeting will be that of persuading, sewed epplause,„ '
&pandas, the mono ardent members on both sides mt. auw„, we had mama • gnat
ho avoid all personal questions, and wane the her of protective dud! and made important Lost roars,
hirthoorciug debates within the boundaries of mode- mad, „we be d „twin unsgt to the ousim we wig
ration. Though everybody hopes, both in Turin so be„ the fen „mug,. of a free inns rug anise
and iu the other cities of Italy, that serious disputes „Aprewty „ the pinn foreign amigo was „ a pais ex.
will be avoided, yet all fears on the imbject have not
altogether dim'feet realised, Win ride from pawn sceeidmation the
DoPutr Rattaseii 1 hear, United Mateo, we Mad that se muds Hoorah', Cuba, sad
is animated wittiTtilOost conciliatory intentions, etiee colonies sad deperehease.
Yd it M even rumoured that to get out of the pre- oar tariff of duties on the
raw produes from these matales was much more oppromin
sent difficulty be intends to propose a "milk and that, fib „tits which theyimposed „ weedeeteme
water" order of the day which is likely to be me- „win from zwirued. „a „mew, it wee reciprocity from
°Opted by the Mends of the late administration. oar side that wee requhod, lad Not hem theirs. But if
Hut will the Piedmonteso deputies and the radical we weed at Boma. un =mom, of Ha.
eaelnimirs of the chamber accept it with equal *A, Tesiew. swoodeedt ow lomeeey wee
willingness This is the questing that flopg te
other in the of the lower heath sins Ws' nest" he4a *jet "I"° heal gill
simatrics fluor. 'het below keg thole meow
16s4114the del**. tne °Teat" the let ditik ow vises hick had hitherto Pada their polka woad le
d September are over, Signor Sella will mains 46,84 ebdotee we abeam bare more aroma
his financial statement before the Chamber of Dope, frowtrodo_n.,,...i,,, Ebb, boar.) boriartritana
ties. It may not be inappropriate, therefore for sea yeesteetr—r—ee be`di b thb ob'poit halm plum, ""ea
me to mentaoti the estimates presented
n. might yet be sound, shield he nosily indebted to Mr.
g heti iu 1864 and 1865, and that which, aving oebibm_obseeti_sbe, by bashing dope the bobbin.
been modified by Signor Sella, was presented
system in From, had takes the hat step to brooking
by him. The estimates of 1864, approved down
by the Chamber, amounted to—Ordinary ex- hed
aboooy "." obef"""ba"'" 000".".treou'obeh ;;;;;;poo" `""""iato
Comas 787.480,040 fa' extraordinary °Hen", treaties with Turkey, Belgium, Italy, the Zollvereim
140,127,000 fa. ; total, 997,007,000 fe. The esti- B_,tseriesa, swedes, Norway,
sad Hama ;
sod tets
es
mates of 1866, propmed by Signor Minghetti, are ."
opal dare of the mated advantages these heads Egg-
thus put down
el expenses, 7471349,000 , hied either had hose or
beau ho aboutoa teams, Axial.
extraordinary expenses, 106,470,000 Is. ; total, wooedy
roorfaded. We
most moo to
soustnes.
853,819,000 fa. This last was thus modified by
to 0T1.0060 the intenstal opposition which naturally ex-
Signor Sella—Ordinary expenses, 808,656,000 fa. ; lets
essieet the
adrobehro
of . . their
extraordinary, 69,963,000 is. ; total, 876,639,0001 a. free competition woe
the
Italian bishops and seminary directors are furious Wadi". led...eemeteetalee'. sad ids° year in. mind
countriesthat
against Baron Natoli, the Minister of Public In- saPs6dl_,
obstacles various _
_deet.a
etruction, because he has ordered the government tug boldly sass ass sr tiss ma' .Dassas in way Is
inspectors to visit the seminaries and report on them. tie; with their tariff of damn. France, urged forward
A t Parma, Naples, and in many other citiesof Italy bY the slim" her new commercial ass at the
the clerical authorities have obstinately refusal present moment /pupas& in oesaidering a molt important
to allow those inspectors to enter their establish- tutimt--"m°l7, a great relaxation bar navigation law&
And if effected this might be of as great advantage to the
manta, pretending that the common law of the
country cannot be applied to their stitutions they "mama. aid hidattr/ a( the mast', la the Wiwi". 1..
direct, which are eiansiveb, under the immediate &Mow in the French tariff import duties. (Hear.
control of the bishops. Signor Natoli, however hoof.) Referring to foluPlohito that the Foreign-owns and
seems to hold a different opinion, for he has intl.' the Board of Trade had not between them been so active as
mated to the reverend authorities that if within a they might have hese, be defended the Foreip-office and
week the in tors are not admitted into the sacred the Beard of Tiede from the charge, as he thought incised-
precincts of clerical instruction, semis' anis' and dorstol7 low* of not being sudisisatir Miro in promoting
teachers will be gent about their business, and the the 'AVM= of • free bode policy by foreign cations, sad
buildings declared the property of the crown or of mid be was sum the government bad mired 'very pro-
the communes. You see by this new fact that it is inking opportunity of urging freedom of Industry and asr
war to the knife between the old priestly party batten of duties Is countries where they had roloooffoto,
and young liberal Italy. lisa In compliance with the recommendation el • par-
lianaentazy ocionaltbes which hat last melon to inquire into
the relations between the Board of Tads and the
_ -
Forigisoffios, the latter hail mated a
to be celled "the Commercial Dividoo," wine
would carry on all the sorreopcmdmis os cam medal
matters with her Majesty's minds= &brood. with the rope-
mutatives of foreign powers in Koglasd, with the Bowl of
Trade sad other &marksman of her Majesty's govemenest,
and with commercial associatioas and private indiviiimis at
boom ad abroad ; but the creation of this saw divii• bad
made no &Horatio. in the character of Mations beeireshrs
Mango( between the Foreignalles sad the Band of i
Trade; and he hoped this arormechinery,by caning cemmor-
cial matemsto be attended to with the utmost promptitude,
might give satisfaction to the ommercial community.
Speaking next of the antimlt tax genetics as married
on mainly by pietlomon cosseted with the compervativ•
party, ha said Is quite agreed with a noble lord who spoke
at a recent meeting as the subject, in the opinion that the
question of lam ices of romans which would he occosimil he
a repeal of the tax was the Chancellor of the Exsimnarle
bolos's; and h• also thought that whoa gestlem• me the
one band supported a very Imp expeeditura they mikes
the other hand, provide the Chancellor of ths Embower
with the ways and means of manse it. (Cherie.)
A friend of his, who spoke at this smalielsa
roosiisg, bad maid that the reduction of taxes on aim
sugar, tea, and mom other articles of that
was never °unpleased of, sod he maintained
the malt-tax repsalen were Mined to as equality of jar
tics. Now, admitting this claim, bow would the mew
stand! He had takes the Molls to write down whet
proportion the malt-tax bore to the tea, Mhos, and mem
duties. He broad that on tea, taking the retail prim*
three shillings per pound, the duty as N mark& ad
IraiianTZLi. AND GIIANSNA.—It is notified in last present. of Is. per lb., amounted to 334 Per oat-
sight's Gazette that EMI/moll has riessivad from her Ma- coffee at the retail price ol L. ed. per lb., and raying •
jolty 's Charge d'Affaires at Osaka., a despatch, transmitting duty of 3d. per lb., it gm a per mtsp el duty as the tea
• ocienrouniestioc which he bad received from the Foreign- • of 19 cont. Taking brown sugar, he fooled bye like
pm per
SIM of the Wevesselsn government, anowancing that tin
eaeobboa that the duty
ors It
boa 22
pee
cast.;
blockade of the ports and °oasts from the moth of the
Vag's. to Navies, the meals formed by the doll& of the but if he cam to Mt, and allowed that • quart
Orinoco, and the hanks of that river to Ciudad Bolivar, had of porter was worth 4d., ha found that the poreentsge of
hiss raised, and also traosmittine a oopy sad translation of duty upon the pion was only 124 per met (Laughter and
• dome of the Venezuelan government. raising the blockade _taitro nimbi 0. to titaibbig.Hobtob gabbro, he rob,
of the said ports and pima. The documents are published
sees
is Mt night's Gazette. bethought every elector is that coniditossior would have
General Roue, the ex-dictator of Buenos Ara, oases to rejoins that this riountry was not Mon tats the
has for many years resided in Southampton ; latterly, he straggle ; and he contended that If Denmark had ever ex-
has occupied himself with farming, and his operation km pin,d msterisl aid from us guest bet stings oppogasig,
been conducted with much spirit and intslligsuca He has it was not owing to any minimbed oat by the min.
a be. dairy farm at Swathling, about time miles from
meet, bat to the mode ha which the question was discussed
Southampton, and on Monday all hie farm building and
live stock were destroyed by fire. The live stook misted Is mewsisilisol sod Ate Plasm Actions the histalos
of au oows, • floe bull, 2 hems, 9 pip, adabout 260 the &bets is parliament, he said the
head of poultry. The firs took place about 8 o'clock in the majority for government In the Roans of Cosamoss was an.
eseniug, sod It. origin has not boon precisely MlCO•taieed. decal from 88 to 18 by tB4 „be of time hub Boom
The propene was insured to some intien& Information warn
brought to the general of the destruction of his property, *Magic awalhota. and ha wohitsiald that woe wathiso-
but he appeared no affected on the loss of what he took tion as was then effected between the Me i idiesimostsmo
delight in. He simPit said. "Me never go so kW." The ratitelisi sad the high 'swathe peritoneal@ of this
general spends about 7,0001. • year in Southampton &ad its minty was not oss that inn msg. or ~s, mow „ swam
11111111.1b0Old100d. Rogimed, or which ever could prawns ti' moo al ail
tIiALTH LONDON.—It appears from the
muesli liberty. (Chars) Tao
lobeftee bow
weekly al Mad by the Beginror-Oseeral that in tho '"""
tea primeval catieser bangles ofths UMW Kilted= 4,071 asks, had looking to pi bola sash as alit-
births and 3,218 deaths were registered in the week that mos. for II was not to its ormervatimi party
ooded_oll Bland! lest. Is the hososiAhs„ of that they owed their smosipation. that they
1.41111' the '9"Y was at 1" 1*"" per 1,010 sr weirs likely to be indebted for Demur whisk they mid
molly, and the mans of the week vile 2,618. Fifteen . sieesdesey /rasa
sad
bust:had sad eighty-dye deaths were fo Low. value is IlieteDoo to 111110001
ad-
in the week that ended on gist
mersopood- other matters. Whims-) spawn a Mr. Diaseles
fag weeks of Min years, 185544, the average number of many of a new ecclesiastical court of appeal, ha said ha
deaths is, with a °enaction for imam of populaticee, 1,697. was afraid that In these days it would be cormidered that
Tbs "sibs"- the Pssmal Tsai"' that's's"' ass Ws ysnob • tribunal mvarred of a kind of Holy Inquinitioe, and
than the *mime number. Prom synods &ewe 357
died. Small-pox sd fatal to 7 &Ursa sad 2 that it would put so and to ell freedom of thought and
peraoe.adults. Forty-two deaths occurred from enesslos,l3 d Mies intellectual activity amongst the clergy al lb. Mira
0108, "08,0106100141 the sultabstriot 51 Lalmingtos- sad as the distiopiehed propounder of this
town. Typists earned off 81 mem 5 Minas °marred Iran tame taut it w far the ;mat d tie
this disease is ths sub-district of Whitoorysiestreet, 4 is (Mr. „boo), ea be ofthat ehorob bib, m.O
that of Bt. Giles South, and 4 is that et Hexteo New thank""*y.""
Town. Fifty-two deaths were owed by soulatiss, 12 by hia toe making th• atilot) Os tom ash-
diphtheria, sad 62 by whooping-cough. The deaths donee pot of parliamentary reform he ecoateeded that the seem-
the wish from dimosss of the respiratory corm (esolasise sive simiaistrations which had brought forward pellets
Othish) stan"l" 379, time tuTstata "'mar somber for amending therepromtation sad then ahasdomod them
for this period of the year being 440. From onsmis
221 deaths cocurrod. One hundred and one died Wage °A aka* r"P•stithl far time di•IPS"3".1"1 "ma, •
Mee possum* sad 22 from asthma. ph pawed
iesemech se so govenesest !seise awe hid mu upon the
fatal to 166 puma. From diesame of the heart 72 destha tails of the hoses would have sass to made from their
were registered, and from various &mamas of the kiln and pants If fha great soy don Assam n goond had
nervosa system 175 poems died. The wieder sorsa is mow „ma that they
wont wataandwid imp dim to „by
y fatal to persons advsnead is yew 66 Nam died
Wicw:sirciwhe had attained the •of so yews sad womb; MOW& Whom) H. shadd ho glad to see the &ekes'
anzoupt this number am tho deaths el 6 mop- body earnestly supportive seek • memo as would at list
marinas, the dart of whom was • widow mike had &liaised have gm slogs to a serials sows' d szsgsding rho magi-
th_o qe of 96 yeses. Thirty-eix persons wen sceidentolly power sh, umidmaddad wan( „mow 1
killed Nine deaths were coped by bones or melds, 3 per-
ore drowned, sei/ 4wmn su
ety oia,b, country. in retersoce to the Americas wet, ha mid sot
wore ecomiseced by fraotazoi or riostueions. Tha wife of • srareathito with the 80404 who Iwo is ths od
Fiteri Mei 56 years, died in the wockhoom, Clarinowsll, partners in a firm who bad imperiled from the rises in a
fracture of the ribs. from hang run eats by • assn. violent moms without corer, sad for the par-
cert. The danghter of a 'awesome. aged 2 pm, died es roe of orttbiabg primal-ha „be be far ems time
mossdnth jiplayual7a at
154pseling1481teherBsrlimaastra. egedisimisB; would never Pootosasotd7 sip is this wood. (Chtlottri
=died at Um (Boy Mambas Thum liarkleonste, The struggle wss rosily me between slavery sail feendsm,
on Jemegarri. from raohemotisa oososessat on sad he could sot sea that the Oesfetanny had ahem sips
her refuLl to take food. Last week the births of 1,063 of haft abbe to establish spas lasting foundations thoillk•
b°,l and 1,0139 nide. In al 2.122 Mffilbea, Wee itaithisd pis 4tialt label iiowd firth to lite mess. He mat
is Loadem Is eke Lasemerepoeffiog W•oka of MA Pews sea about Is wish' any proffieliess, bat he wee there to
185544 tho average slumber (soreseMd) was 2,016. Merle that bat Niejwik's goverment were ed elsw. as
Perfect digestio stron nerves sound lungs and A toff we bass, ha *halm m shirt had r usakeliff
liver, ntrosidag stoop, eiegalmig, sad miry ore fe. helms the heilleorients. Whom.) Meeind that A'
amid wittiness/Aisles to ea moo ilinialemel to Pe s, w lownimelle• ei thin war.. might me Miaow eta
Moms babies rood, with emu divans • =NM trlndship wilaldhied billersamegaii2: nee•ey
aim*. rntailion.e=a= the United Mass, awl that et the
se"
liver,
itemised small earls hal railed an wolklan In Usti (Mmes
ha inns IA ad the usageguall" 116111111.11
Ls is. Pd. : Mena.; Wan. ern-Da =l:a4oa, Tr. Is- I
se+erset, Lank? ; sed payers sal mry sews. • wore el esnikese is the tight Man maim mop rife
with smismotion. .61

Tientsin, the examiners, Mean. Smith and
Fen. bed 27 bills before them for emeideretion, and
&aimed the following to have complied with the standing
orders of whiniest.
LONDON AND Boom Wartime BAILWAY.—To authorise
the 'mintage( sew limed railway in Surrey. 1. Commencing
at Maples by a juoetion with the Rieptoo-bridge line,
earl termimeting et Wistbiedoe. 2. A lime wholly in the
whit of Liemetni, by juestioe with the lint line, and
rneeng Into the mein lon.. 3. From Kerne, by a junction
with dee Wimetaledos and Dorkiug. and terminating et
Wimbledon. 4. Irma Wimbledon to the compeay'e Toning
lies. 6. From Kenos to a jimmies with No. 1 lies. 6.
From Wimidedoe to Tooting, and for deviations. Addl.
timid capital, 12,0001. ; lose 40,000/. The oceopeny's
ewes! hill le fee a line from Bideford to Otest Torrington.
Capital, 80.0001. ; loan. 26.6001.
Nona I.OIMON, HIORGATI, AND ALNIANDILA Painc. —For
milers from the North Linde. he Alexamln-park, sod to
the Highgate. end Leedom Rnilwey. Proposed
capital, 315,0001.; loan, 105.0001.
Anntoirs-on-Tmorr AND LTPOOLN RAILWAT. —To enable
the West Riding end Grimsby to melee Beltway from the
South Yorkshire Railway to Limon. Capital, 450,00014
150,00 N.
Cum= Ain Warr CIDISHIZI Jowortora—For brioche,.
0Virwsw160„:001. ; less. 50.0001.
I AND POTTIMIZL—For realm! in the
money of Selop. Capitol. 400,00 W.; loan, 133,0001.
Lien= JONOTION. —For renews I. elemenershire to
maseet erten railways cm the esit with reilwaye on the
west at the River Severe. Capital. 420,0001.; lose 40,0001.
LONDON,
_WOOIDINIII, AND Some Waxse.—llior a rail.
waylay= Oranderd-on-Avonto Worcester. Captleal,32o,ooo/.;
WO, 106,02 N.
But AIM WZOT 'mecum. —To extend the line to
Dodos& Omieel, 260,608.; ram 116,0001.
00rierrir aTATION AND BOOTHIA JUNCTION.
—For a milesy
_from Coventry
to the Southern Statics.
0=210.000k ; lam. 66,0001.
100011 AND Wormy.—Fora railway between
them pasta. Capital, 275,00014 leen, 91,6001.
liasswentray AND NORTH WALIO. —To melds the 001:D•
pee, be melee dmiettoes sad alterations, and to raise
100,0001. ; lean, 33,0801.
MOLD AND Dziraos.—For dietetic". Capital. 100,080/. ;
lean, AVOW Extentriews. Capital, 280,0001. • leen, 93,0001.
*aver Aral.—Fr 'Maniocs to the westward. Capital,
380,6031. ; kna, 126,0801. For mann extensions sad
railway lie Me
1t
Oestrel Wales Railway. Capital,
120.0016. g him 120.000 L
Ran AND Wier Yoainines —For railways from Seib
berth to Leyteire end Mehoerby. Capital. 600,0001. ; loam,
11116&raernei AND BOONIMINOTZ. —For bele& railway! to
Rte amity of Worcester. Cepitel. 120,0004 • loan. 40,0001.
Den DOOMDOO Cauaw.—To confer OS the trustees sod
ethos ihdeeng =dm the MR of the lets Reigate of Bute
powers with respect to the reclaiming of hued sad the
making and manning of docks, a low-water pier, inl-
wad and ether works et Cardtlf.
perYai SOOKIOIpIikAOPO with the standing eiders included
the
Nein or ZNOLAND 1:7111011.—For Mee vellweye be the
North end Week Sadism et If orlihke. Capital, 200,0001 ;
Men, 300,0001. The standing enters were declared emptied
with in the as. of three proposed extensions out of Mee, no
meek toile Ineidered with regard to the other Mx, the
deposit ea them set bevies been veld, sod it being the inten-
tion of the pities to abandon them.
The bias withdraws were these for the Redminitire
Marra, sea the Brighton Central Rail way.
The cenelientise of the following opposed rem was
farther matimeed and etlienned •--crystal Palma New
Relleramt. Roman est aerthyr Tydel Jenetion (mime
pewee). the Nerahlipme &Uwe& sad Soothers Railway.

Tax PimAuarcs os Ihvica nr lavairoor..
--Fatima limp pot • fever epideraio bee tees nen
ha 0 Levostresi, ad eirreeeneset moody met lows ICW,.
Beihsessa to leper% upon he oases Tod wend. Yesterday
a altrimery el the dealer's report was rend at Ibe sumaig at
the admit .1•67 es Lirsepeot The ',peel ts • Tort Isageiy
; elle ill Da. 3—h
to drink, seaos an idato everer beW tindttge
Whir ens to ekes doer* middies, and other reeitary
esieetn. • •
0111.1101 ups I Fgill it add grass to NB siligant
Am% • r ems II ril k Illobirleg to adventsp a srdl made
ghat is err ei •whish there fe a met diver*, of
sips Is say so panne that pip WO nay be
tells Isi Oakes; see the pp sweet ewe at beursigia.
and rbeenndem owed by Isstaes sus-
ameba ••••aorntartill•-011kes• ft, Dep
:woo is•arrn.i

Eht OrpreoL

&Mimi=ls Wiser " at: Ye' loodes Dreams
M at Imp Offisa, 10. verloolmst, r 1 Two
12: wail 1
as Wager rillirilis.

liA/11111"6.
TEO BMWs, Mr'. Nam Sid lest" IL Oard. sad
Nanbui uss Ansi Itik• sad Ostisrell.
Coodsollor. Ng. Area—Asa 1111 LION •• UNIMAK.
—The lio6 Mask. Padirmase as Marla sea.

aurmiumer.
TM SVIIIMMI. DAVID GAILZICIL-LOID DUNDBXART
KAMM AND DONN POL M. Mims. MAK Duck-
Dodos : Wm isovdos. -MUDS APRINGTDIL
M.0.-Apt MIL WRIT/

PRINCIOWIL
Ts MILK m MAGIC Ems AND TDB 103 ALIEEN
PRINCZNI.— AAA TVS STU= 07 LONDON. M.
3. W. Ray. O. Wile. D. Wmvsy, Nelson. N. lonerlse7M
X. Milks ; Kea L Kai. Kb= BMWS awl ewPow.

Tom Zrun DFATEIR WHITIOIXAD. —Mr.
LIADSIOI IXX. Mime. Prishdrit. Hamra.
b. Fteride_b_Rsta_sik ltArissel ; 113•1011sirortby.
—AM Itlai-IACIPo nacin.„ Xr. Wiadirrab.

nos mum LIM' 111:111Y 1111 lbs Obi 1.141,at
Tbreadasodlmarsol MosSaress L Leas. W. Cambria. aa4
Jacobs : Mr G. Mtuvod. Paatosaladses —AM TIM
1V01L14111.1 Of LONDON.IIIIBIIIIBOII at UV -past I.

HIGH WATT* AT LONDON•BIUDGE.
1 DAY Mendes. ISM
1041.1i110W Yamlag, IL ta.....aleasoce. IL SOL

LONDON, WEDNESDAY, JANUARY 25.

TIMM have been wild rumours of late in the
air of a sweeping change in the administration of

local justice tiroughoid the country. The Loan
CHANCRLLOR, foe whose prodigious seal and courage
a seemed reform of the Bankruptcy Law is sup-
posed to be an insufficient outlet, is said to be
contemplating a Bill for the appointment of Sti-
pendiary Magistrates to do the work which is now
all too cheaply performed by county lost. and
squires, by bustling parsons of legal testes, and by
other miscellaneous persons bora to greatness, or
upon whom greatness has been east by circum-
stances, or who have achieved it ; by persona who '
have been reared in leisure and fortune, or who
have risen from business to ease, and climbed per-
haps from the counter to the judgment-seat, or
have otherwise obliterated a humble but respectable
origin by small profits and quick returns, and have
found time to forget the strict attention which
their immediate ancestors so successfully paid to
the ledger and the till. Business in boroughs, and
land in counties, are our chief magisterial qualifi-
cations; only in these levelling days,when so many
of the old families have gone the way of their
eldest sons, the new magistrate is apt to be a
gentleman of gourd-like growth, who has bought
his ancestors with the plate and fixtures, and
squatted on the soil, a Nobody full-blown. Pro-
bably, however, such a man is an acqeisition to
the county ; he can afford to keep up an establish-
ment and to entertain ; in any sees he has farina
and coverts, and is the natural dispenser of the
terrors or consolations of the law to hinds and
poachers. Can it be now, when in England at
least the good old Conservative spirit runs so high
against utilitarian innovations, that any govern-
ment out of pure Inatome., of mischief, for want
of work to do, can dream of replacing a system of
administering primary justice in its rudest and
simplest forms through magistrates whose easy cir-
cumstanoes make them impartial, and whose total
ignorance of law preserves them from prejudice, by a
paid professional judicature knowing something of
law and justice, but nothing of the neighbour-
hood I Few things, we imagine, strike a foreign
student of English institutions more then our
unpaid Justices of the Peace. There is found one
of those noble landmarks of a pest age, one of
those venerable relics of a feudal society which
we show our wisdom by respecting, es we cling to
other fundamental anomalies which distinguish us
from other lees favoured States, and make us the
envy and admiration of the world. Happily,
indeed, our local magistracy has resisted all the
efforts of time and change, of ridicule and ribaldry,
with calm and confident tenacity. "Justice's
" Justice " is a sorry joke that has fairly worn
itself out. Instances of award decisions and
monstrous sentences follow each other at no dis-
tant intervals, and are lost in the corners of local
newspapers.

For some years past the outcry against
county magisterial benches, which are not even
what they pretend to be—composed of gen-
tlemen of family and estate—has almost ceased
to be heard ; and as to the borough justices,
perhaps they represent now-adays the very class
who would have cried out against the county justices
thirty years ago. In fairness, too, both to county
sod borough justices, it may be said that, on the
whole, thanks to the honest common sense which
nature hes implanted in them as Englishmen, and
to the sagacity and firmness of their Clerks, they
do not commit half the enormities that might be
expected, and only now and then are betrayed
into glazing folly or unrighteousness. But the
best of country gentlemen, whether real or fac-
titious, have their besetting weaknesses, and so
have borough Justices, though of another kind ;
and these weaknesses being for the most part
unchecked by any legal doubts, except those
which their Clerk supplies, occasions/1y break out
in very strange aberrations.
Take the latest instance : the recent outrage on
Mr. ASHWORTH at Shrewsbury is one that would
not have been attempted by the most audacious
swindler if a magistrate tolerably familiar with
the rules and forms of eeideses, and accus-
tomed to cruse-examlnation, had been sitting
on the bench. Doubtless the Shrewsbury Bench
are not to blame for not accepting off-hand
without further proof the asseverations of
the innocent gentleman who stood in the dock
before them ; but would even the son of an in-
spector of police and an ex-assistant megistratee
clerk have ventured to face with such a story and
such a warrant any bench a little more legal-
minded than the one which was advised on

by their

recommended tite government to enter at once upon
the path of large financial reform, in order to save
the state from • catastrophe. The budget of 1966,
proposed only insignificant reforms. Besides, the
Minister of Finances had of his own authority
diverted from their destination the sums applicable
to the sinking fund. The discontent of the Chamber
weal at first directed against M. de Planer, who
maintaised that this transfer was simply a financial
operation, which did not Dome within the
control of the legislature. M. de Planer
went further, and said that if the chamber
rased a hostile vote, be should not feel himself
bound by it. The committee of finance took the
minister at his word, and • formal proposition,
leaking for an investigation into the declarations of
the minister, was laid on the table by K Giskra.
The controversy on the reductions of the budget
has, however, suddenly taken a more favourable
tutu. The budget committee, impatient at the
hesitation of the minister to perform the promises
held forth in the speech from the throne, proposed
a round reduction of 95,000,000 fr. in the budget of
1866, leaving it to the ministers to divide the re-
duction amongst their several departments. This
measure especially affected the war budget, and
rendered a disarmament on a large scale necessary.
The Chamber regards this disarmament, which the
pacific language of the speech from the throne
seemed to justify, sa the only guarantee for the policy
of conciliation announced by the government, and
for resisting the temptations to a contrary course
held out to Austria by her German ally. The Em-
peror, it is said, insisted that the legitimate wishes
of the Chamber should be carried out, and a
Vienna telegram announces that the government,
in order to avert the storm, sent a message to the
President of the Chamber stating that they would
accept the proposal of IL de Vrinta for the :ethic-
' lion in glob° of 36,000,000 fr.

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