The Express.
London, England, 1848-10-18 00:00:00

r.veroment is, fur their sake, reedy to retreat and re- I had reasalawl a terauger to all that took place. M Simard,
mind an impolitic measure, would convince them of ia cooelusioat de.lserd that be would give fis sorvort to
the Dew ministers, If they realised tte eoufideuee h 0
Yid paternal care and ccntlrm their loyalty.
in theas. . .

FRANCE.
THE NATIONAL ASSEMBLY.

BITTING OP MONDAY, OCT. 16.
_ _

At one o'clock W Marmot, prendt;iit, twit the chair.
M. DUlitlll.l, Millais or 01 the Interior, socended the
tribune and preteated a project of decree, tendiog to obtain
an edditionel credit ot 100 0001. for secret *trek* corpus.
K. Valour* said that General Cavaience, in virtue of the
p elms vested in him by the Awned', had inve-te4 severe
of ita members with the direction of the affairs of the
country. It WM consequently i dispensable that it should
know the afittioseuta which sairna.ed the sew ministers,
sad they bad seiz-d that opp etuaty to ascertain in • solemn
monner wheth.r those sent• manta weer contorinaUe to theirs.

.—..—. ---
It was imptssiole to e .nc.ive two diffvent systems of go-
verninfat. The country had spontaneously proclaimed the
republic, a government which called every citizen to parti-
cipate in the government of the counts', a noble institution,
testing on thi principle of the lovers guty of the people, and
on liberty, equality. and fraternity prociaiosed 18 centuries
ago by Christian n velatioe. None but insane men could dis-
own those principles, and they st.ould he culpable if they
aVealpted to elude them sad nut carry. them into eff et.
livery man, gifted with my clervion in the soul, e,annet
but render homage to liberty, the tonne of all progrese—to
equality, which makes all citizens equal before society and
God, w.. 0 created them—and treternity. The new ministers

would inquire into all social suft riogs, as.d the remedy of
those cilia would be the incessant ooject of their solicitude
end endeavours. He regret'. d to say that the very name of
Republic inspired tear al d distrust, In consequence of the
recollections of another period, and the eppienensione of a
return to a system which was now out of the question. This
wee the real cause of the duitritit which in,psred doubts for

M. DUPONT Di BUSSAC' who spoke next, contended shit
the entire ministry have retired after the vote on the
mode of
electing
,„ p,..idens, which bad not affected more
materially Messrs. Sensed, RC-curt, sou Vaulab Ue, that
General Damietta, M. Marie, and his mon c01t..g..,
lie had beard Gant eel Cavaignac, at tke commencement of
the melon. warmly defend the election of the Push:eta by
universal suffrage. What bad embed the chinas in the
opinion et the General ? and what events could have in.
diced the entire cabinet to adopt his new opin on oaths
subject? M. Dupont, in conclusion, said be would judo
the new ministers by their acts, and the• howev.r plausible
their programme might be, be would begin by voting
aifainst it.
General CATAIONAC, who nest roue, admitted that, when
oh,d his opinion on the subject •.1 the rlerion of the Pre-
sident, he had declared in favour of universal suffrage ; but
that he had not discussed the question, because he did not
consider himself competent to decide situ an important
point. His opinion on the suhjeet had shier been modified,
and his sincerity was such that, why n he ye col wet, the ml.
notity, he perfectly knew that the immense majority alba
hou e was orp,sed to it. As respected the last mint.try, he
declared that he hail resisted to the last moment it, retire.
meet. . _ _

M. LIDRI7 Rouen, who followed, contended that it use
not the vote of the Assembly that had induced tie c binet to
reline Another cause mu.t have rendered that in ears ie.
dispensable. M. Sensed had declared himself a eartisan of
conciliation. Eveiybudy advocated conciliatien, hut teen
were two sorts of conciliation. One &oiled the eiehniee
predominance of the men who were the last to join the le.
publican party to the exclusion of the men who had Rim
guarantees to the country. The reconstruction of the ea.
binet was not a c in pa t entered into with principles bat
with men (" with France," exclaimed ratinenius voices).
M. Ledrieltollia then ,Iced if the new minis.. re outage.
plated to supersede in their cfnees the tie ctionaries platted
since the revolution of February who had giv• n pledgee is
that revolution. The programme, presented by M. De.
faure, contained nothing but generalities, and could easily
be violated.
Here M. Ledrießollin was interrupted by such violent and
contain, d murmurs on the right that, finding it ieipowible to
proceed, he descended from the tribune. The greatest con.
fusion ensued, particularly at the upper extremita he right,
where most of the members were then standing with their
backs to the Assembly, and gesticulating furiously. When
silence was restored.
M. MARTIN DR STRASBOURG ascended the Wt. nne mad
soil that a member having pronounced a word *hid' cep.
'reared to have wounded the Assembly, be wished to ex.
plain it, and it was fair that he should be heard. (Cries of
" No, no.")
M. TASCIIEREAG having risen amidst the tumult, and in-
vited the President to preside, the latter called him to order.
Silence being restored,
General BEDEAU rose and said that he gave his most at-
tire adhesion to the pew miuietry, because the country was
sect:coned to honour in them a long tried probity.
That he considered to be a real guarantee for tar lutes;
and he did nut inquire for the more or low remote date
of their convictions, The men who composed the ministry
appeared to him so in imatefy in accord with the actual
and real interests of the country that be gave them his
moat unconditional confidence. At the appronch of the pre-
sidential eb trios it wee indispensable that men enjoyii g the
high again of the country, should he at the helm, end that
the ministry shenld bee ministry of conciliation and not ex-
clusion. He wished to rally ti e great nation I party round
the banner of the republic—he meant an honest and conser-
vative republic. (Laud clamours on the left.,
M. Decoux, late prefect o police, who rose next, observed
that if the men recently appointed were e anm. ndable for
honesty, it followed, no doubt, that those • hi y succeeded
were not so. (No, no.) He admitO d that the country was
becoming daily more hostile to the republic, but this was en-
tirely owing to the fear of communhm, which he considered
chimerical, as any government bkely to subsist should be
founded on the eternal basis of family and pe.perty.
0. DUFOUu said that there existed as In) ilk How, cause for
the change in the cabinet he could not dieeleee—(" Tell it,"
cried several voices)—but which lied had for its result to cord
mil the government of the republic to the hands of men who
had been conquered by the republican party.
M. Dereelift then roe, and was on:, interrupted by the
applause of the Assembly. He commenced by showing that
men who—like MM Vivien, Freston, and himself—for four
months had participated in the deb .te on the re publican
constitution etere worthy of representieg and defending the
interests of the republic. He then proceeded to show the
difference between the past and the tresent, saying that
when France had a monarchical constitution it was honest
to respect it whilst everything wan sacral, ed to its interests.
But the revolution bad enlarged the exercise of electoral
rights, anti by calling every devoted mind to constitute a re-
public, France had mere than ever the right to call upon
thee* who bad been chosen by universal suffrage as man-
tels of the Assembly. The majority of the Assembly was
now the real expreeeion of the majority of the country, and
if that majority granted a vote of confidence t- the new ml.
nisrers, they (the ministers) could act with the certainty
that they went with the country. If the question had been
one respecting a definitive power, perhaps he (51. Detente)
would have hesitated, but in maiming office he sad his col-
leagues only desired to await the moment when the Presi-
dent of the ft,pitblic should be named—they did not think
tney could refuse their support to the brave and courageous
general who Lad asked for it. Had they refused,
it might have been thought that they hesitate]
to serve the republic. and this se flec ion necessa-
rily determined them. It was far •rom his %noughts to rim-
iest the services rendered by his predeceseora to the repub-
lic. What thee wanted was a republican government friendly
to order and liberty, and conformable to the niajoiity of the
country. Without that there could be but ansrcby and im-
potency. M. Dufaure concluded her saying Viet nobody,
whether in the assembly or elsewhere, un. ennead better
than the present members of the government what suffering
and poverty were. By re-establishing order, the best eh=
would be used to relieve that want, not by elevating thc unfor-
tunate at the expense of the fortunate, but ey wisely moan-
eipating the necessitous classes with zeal and devotion. With
those tendencies, and with the support of the Assembly, they
would be the Test defenders of the republic.
After a few words from Mr. °MERU, in opposition to the
ministerial programme, and from Mr. DUCLERC on the same
side, the chamber proc eded to vote as blows;
Number of voters, 721—For the ministry 570
Against it

the tenure; and the country hesitated to trust in a govern-
ment which did nut afford it every security. These appre-
hensions, sincere end fatal, conati.ut.d the weakness of the
pressed government. The new ministers should, by every
means, combat those apprehensions, and endeavuur to de-
monstrate to the people that the republic was not an agitated
state of society and the revolution en permanence. They
would labour to seat it on the solid b.sia of liberty, society,
family, and property. The mountey no longer thought of
monarchy, but it knew that, without the fulfilment of these
conditions, no government could endure. It recollected that,
' fifty years ag France threw herself into the arms of mqt
trey despotism 001:12 a horror of anarchy. The cabinet
would strive to put a period to all disorders and to realise
principh aeo wisely erocleimed, which ensured inviolability
to the humblest citizens, end. r the protecting w,is of
the republic. The future destine. aof Humpe depended on
the restoration of order and tranquillby in France. The
cause of liberty and civilization was also at stake. The
ministers would endeavour to rkelise those objects; their
acts should ev.r tend to that end, and they should be con-
stantly anemia. dby a profound love of the republic. They,
uuwercr, hoped th.it the Assembly should grant them a
support and confidence, without which power would expire
in their hat do.
M. LANDILIN said it had been their intention to give to the
present bead of the et, cutive power their free and &cid, d
uppirt, whatever ministry he mieht form. We have done
so, he afire', became we were in a great degree his per-
sonal fr. entb. Our votes were rather votes of confidence

than votes of cunformity of poll Teal opinion and gym-
pinny. But when we now see that he has shifted the
basis of his majority and seeks one eitiewhere, we have to ask
oarselves ran we support him ? We leer we cannot. The
orator then went on to say that the cabinet had put the
question frankly to the Areembly, and he thanked it far
that manly conduce, He, however, could see no necessity
lot choe.ing the new ministers among a fraction of the As-
windily who lead not co operates in the foundation of the
r. public. lie wee not reclusive, and did not think that
those alone who had made the revolution should be invested
with its government. lie wished all to participate in it.
Since the events of June he had coretently given a vote of
co: fidence to the cabinet, but he should withhold his sup-
port from a ministry that had as yet done nothing to
jugity it.
Gen. CAVAIONAC then ascended the tribune tine said—The
hon rept. Sentstife who has lan left the tribune has stated
the reasons why he thinks you ought to refute us • vote ot
cunt Leine—iu consequence of the admission of certain new
members into the cabinet. Without in any respect Haim(
to shrink from my own share of re,p .nsibility, I think it
better to leave in the hands of the blinioG r of the Interior
the task to giving explanations on that head. Tee hon. re-
presentative has said th.t for the last three mutts
his voles in rapport of the cabii.et had been votes of confi-
dence rather than votes of opinion and sympathy. I was
sot before aware that such was the fact, and now let me say
to him, and to those who have been acting I:ke him' that it
was the repeated uccurrence of votes de 'tenet in such clear-
ers' of motive that induced the ministers at length to give in
their nsignatirm sooner than support ar quitrocal pennon. I
°meth.
.nodtiwicato.tla omrith cabinet.virwhiehacitnupatedrincimoi witheseilfthink it
regard
ll to
ennead ed that whoever attempts to govern a country must have
about him • majority—if he attempts to govern not having a
majority, he does a frolish act. Such is the rule in ordinary
bee. s. Bet in June, when the time was not of an ordinary
dander, I did net think when I was called on to take the
government that it was possible fur tee to have such ministers
as I might have per-onally preferred. The country was then
struck to the earth by the events of June, and the great
point was to raise it up. To effect that object it became im-
peratively necessary to make encroachments, temporary en-
croachment', on the great principle of liberty itself, and I
think that in so serious and delicate a lath no men could
bare acted better than those ministers by whom I was sus-
tained. That administration was never considered to be the
final government of the republic, not even by those who con-
eututed it. The great question was to form a ministry, and
such • ministry are supported by the majority, would be
able to hold on until the definitive constitution of the go
vernment. Such was the opinion that only • few days ago I
laid bef.re tie cabinet. Ido not think necessary to speak
of myself personally. The t eople I consider to be the real
sovereign In the matter. Tim people are my judge, but I
must add that Ido not call them my master. Yes, said the
general, turning towards the left, I do hold that I ought not
at a moment when I may be about to withdraw from power,
use expressions designed to flatter the people and to wear the
air of et ctoral canvassing. (Loud cheers.) After some
months of an administration often attacked, the uncertain
votes of the assembly had ended in weakening the govern-
, meat in the eyes of the country. Then came on the question
of election of the president of the republic, by the assembly
or by universal suffr. ge. If the majority had been in favour
of the nomination by the assembly, I should have abstained,
lest my vote should have had a certain arithmetical
value; but as the majority was certain, I voted
with the Minority ; and I did so that the country
might knew my ideas on the subject, and not sup-
pose that I wilted to deceive it as to my opinion. It is not
that 1 feel it to be a pleasure to find myself, like Cato, in the
vamp of the vanquished. I remain there when lam there ;
oat I cannot forget that liberty gains nothing in having its
' Ire defenders doomed to the fate of Cato at Utica.-The
ministry having become weakened, as I said, and although
I differed with it oe the subject of the election of the Presi-
dent of the Republic, I yet thought that it ought not to re-
sign. Still the members persisted, when the votes rt the
press took place, and I was of course obliged to form a cabi-
net. As fur myself, the moment the ministry was dissolved
I saw that my duty was to seek amongst the majority for the
elements of a strung determined government. The objections
against the new combination are of a personal character.
The word conciliation had often been mentioned at this tri.
Mane, and I could not consent to let slip the opportunity of
effecting an act of conciliation when that opportunity was
afforded by the necessity of torming • inmlifty.
That °oscillating has been effected. (Cries of " Yes."
and " No.") Yes it is a decided set of conciliation, what-
ever may be the result, and I consider it an honour to have
undertaken it. (Loud cheers.) Those w o oppose this act
are n..t in my
.opinion in the true path. I think they are
eacrificing their own repatatlon in the eyes of the country.
I believe they are doing poor senior to the republic. (Great
sensation followed this speech.)
M. PORTAL'S, who bad been procurear-general of the
executive commission, rose amidst strove! marks of dissatis-
faction. He slid that nothing could be leas objectionable
than the prioeiples laid down in the prevenient, that had I
been read by the new Minister of the Interior. It was
such as every one present would sign with his blood,
for it contained a declaration of the prieciples of
liberty, equality, and fraternity, which they all pp
fused. lie then went on, amidst much interruption
to review the circumstances connected with the vole at M.
Durrieu'a motion relative to the suspension of the journals.
and weith had led to the modification of the ministry
then he proceeded to say that he thought it strange that the
en minister of the Interior should not have at once come
forward to declare what were the matrons which led to his
ma guidon. It Irma satisfaction due to the assembly.
M. SIMARD intimated his intention to speak, w
ex-
cited some sensation.
M. PORTAL'S observed that he Will rejoiced that he had
elicited that expression of intention, and be would make
way for the ex-mieister, contenting himself by declaring that
be attached little credit written programmes.
M. SIMARD nest rose and proceeded to eindicsts different
acts of his administration. His republican principles, he
thought, could not he questioned : they were not however
exclueive. He believed that if the government wished
France to give it her adhesion, it should be gained by inspir-
ing her with confidence, by placing in office men of all
parties, who had sincerely joined the Republic. He had
consequently incurred the reproach of opposite parties ;
by some he had been stigmatised as • Royalist reactionary ;
by others, as •T. regent. Hs then examined the petition
of the cabinet in the Assembly, and showed the majority to
have been undecided, shakes, anent:sin. Ontwooccasions he
had tendered his resignation. The first was when the Assembly
disapproved his plan of sending commissaries to the depart,
ments; and the other, on the day of the discussion on the ban-
quet of Toulouse. He had bean of opinion that the public fiann
wanner, of that city might mist at it, if thoughtt that
they could by their presence prevent an anaicaems-
stration. The general, however, commanding the divbione
after accepting the invitation, had refused it the day beim,
without our suiting the other authorities, and the ladder of
War had appr .ved from the tribune the cenduct of that
officer. On another ocessiou when 800 members rejected
the mode of election of the President by the Assembly he
and his collesgusa voted with the minority of 200. The
council bad afterwards assembled, and deliberated to know
whether it could honourably continue its office. The idea
of the retirement of all was at once abandoned, becalm of
the embarrassed situation in which it would have placed the
Assembly; but a modification was deemed ind.ias= an
ble.
With a view, however, to leave General Cav
entire liberty. of action, ministers resolved on te eriug a
Collective resignation On Thursday morning. Since that he

Msjority for tainii•ers .... 416
The project of law presented by M. Du aura was adopted.

ITALY.

NAPLES.—Advices from the capital, which reach
to the 7th inst., bring intelligence of the King having
issued a decree authorising the creation and sale of
600,000 ducata of annual reams, which, together with
100,000 created a short time back in lieu of the forced
loan, will increase the principal of the funded debt of
Naples 14,000,000 ducats, or about 2,333,0001., and
the annual expenditure 700,000 ducats, or about
116,6001. The object of this proceeding is to provide
for the deficit, at 1,000,000/. fur each of the years,
1848 and 1849. Under the influence of the new
creation of stock, a fall of 3 per cent. had taken place
in ;rims, the last quotation of the nee per Cents.
being 841.

GERMANY.
THE STATE OF AUSTRIA..

The Emperor of Austria has reached 011miits, in
Moravia. This is a fact pregnant with importance,
as it shows the determination on the part of the court
to throw themselves upon the Slavouian party for
su
ThppoeVienna papers of the 11th inst. have reached
us. The news of that day is, however, scarce and
doubtful; one thing is certain, that on the night of
the 11th rockets were sent up from the tower of St.
Stephen's Church, as the preconcerted signal for the
levy. of the landsturm. Danger, toerefore, was
imminent.
It was said that Vienna had been bombarded. On
this subject the Breslau Gazette of the 12th inst. con-
tains the following : a Breslau, 10 p.m. Oct. 12.
—The poet from Vienna has not arrived, and cer-
tain intelligence with regard to the state of affairs
there is wanting. Rumours, however, of various
kinds are abroad. We give the following, without
ranching for its truth. It is stated that the rails on
the line from Vienna have been torn up for a distance
of five miles, that Count Auersperg in company with
Jellachich and Windiscbgrktz was bombarding
Vienna, and that the fire was re. urned from the ram-
parts of the town. The city is said to be in hates in
several places."
The rumour above referred to can evidently not be
traced to any very satisfactory source.
Reports were also current to the effect that all the
imperial troops had received orders to be in the vici-
nity of Vienna on the 13th, so that, if those reports
be true, it is not likely that the city would be bom
barded, if such an intention existed before the 13th
or 14th. Russian intervention, so far at least 1111
Gallicia is concerned, was confidently spoken of.
The Diet received on the 11th a letter from the
minister Hornbostel (place from which it was written
not published), announcing the resignation of his post,
on the ground that he would not be responsible for all
the steps which had been alreddy token, or which
might be hereafter taken.
On the evening of the 11th Jellachich's troops weer
posted on the so-called Wiener Berg (Vienna hill), in
the immediate vicinity of the city.
The Diet, during its evening' &Inbar on the 10th,
was addressed by the minister Krems, who said that
the courier who had ben sent to the it later Horn-
hostel had returned, bearing the arswer we have
given above. The messenger had met that minister
near Hadersdorf, behind Edens. No orders had been