The Express.
London, England, 1847-01-04 00:00:00

THE EXPRESS, MONDAY EVENING, JANUARY 4, 1847.

THEATRE ROYAL HAYMARKET.—Triumph-
set &sem of the sew greed fairy Ereraregansa of THE
THEATRE
PRINCE, or the Weed of Trenqull thoggreates
bit ever made : yetis the Public Prom. In order to ere es much
variety aa possible, the interposing and succeosful new Dream of
THE ROUND OP WHONO will only be performed on Monday, Wed-
leader. and Friday, and three doses a week. —On Tuesday, the
Comedy of LONIYPI ASSPRANCE.-05 Thursday, the Comedy of
YON EY.—On Saturday, the Comedy of LOOK BEFORE TOW LEAP,
and every night the new grand foiry Extravaganza of THE INVI-
SIBLE PRINCE, or the Island of Tranquil Delights, with movie-
sent Stenger', dreams, te.—.l. T. Archer. box took-keeper.

- ---" --- - -
AINT JAMES'S ASSEMBLY-ROOMS, late
§
CWX7RFORD'S. —SU BSCRIPTION BALLS—TO-MORROW
E ROC
the YlktsT BALL of tie present SERIEd will take place
sad Commence at 9 P.ll.—The whole of the spleedid Rae of rooms of
this magnificent establishment will then be thrown open to the Sub-
scribers. which for grandeur and brilliancy will far surpass any idea
that can be conveyed in the form of an adeecirement.—The Band I.
sompkted of artists of the highest talent —Efficient Masters of the
OPTOMUIIII4I are retained, sod every erosible means aiard to aver
eantinu.a pitronage. —The Sobseripuon will be as ws : Gentle-
Zlea only, to any One of the 11.1111., to.; for a body and gentleman, l'a. td.
Tickets fur which ten be procured at all the principal Music-milers at
the Wes.-end sad the City; also, at Mr. Ctarke's place. irornsdi dely
adjoining the mtalninhaseot.—N.B.—Tbe doo.na can be ...retired on
any E,ClllO‘ except throe on which the present Balls Lie place, via.:
every MONDAY and 111UPSDAY, by addressing a line to the
Treeserer.

WEIPPERrS SOIREES DANSANTES.-
PRINCME CONCERT ZOOM!. TITIS EVENING
(Monday), U. 4. and every Monday. A subscriber of two guinea.
is entitled to a double transfersbla ticket for aid nights, and the
sabsoription can commence on any Monday. The Palace baud
waste, of the alms satiates as attend her %deity's state halls and
lilmaided Conductor, Mr. Weippert ; Leader, Memoir Urinal; Cornet-
1-Piston, Mr. Handley; ophicle.de, M. Pramere ; Y. C.. Mr. Conic
Commence at Ten o'clock. Tickets, 7s. each, at Weippert's Guadrille-
Meer. 21. Soho-square.

CHUSBY-HALL. --The ..EttiLOPIAN JEKE-
NADER& Pen, Harrington, Stanwood, and German
(from the M. James's Theatre), will give A SERIE4 of their
INIMITABLE ENTERTAINMENTS, at Crceby-hsli, BiAnpnrete-
street. The first of which will take glees THIS EVENING, Jan. a;
also MONDAY neat, Jan. 11; WEDNESDAY, the 6th and lath;
end FRIDAY EVENINGS, the Bth and 13th. The entertainments
ernmmencenieb evening at Eight &elnek.—llekett may be *mined
at the Library of the [mediation. Reserved Seat Entrance, Great
St- Helene; Baxley Entrance, Craby-square.
AUItENT'S CASINO, ROYAL ADELAIDE
GAI.LERY, STRAND.—The Merry Song and the Macy Dance
—lletrosalitan Terpsichorean v. Thantom Dancers —Band of 10 per-
formers conducted by Laurent, Jan. Grand Vocal Concert. Refresh-
ing beverage supplied at the most reduced t.tr.N. Admission. tine
D3ors open at Seven, commence at Huff-past, and terminate
at Deven.

GRAND HARMONIC HALL.—GRAPES
TAVERN, Southwark Hridge-road, Borough. licensed pursuant
to Act of Parliament. Proprietor, Mr. R. PRERCE.—OPEN EVERY
NIGHT.—IMMENSE ATTRACTION.—Mast extraordinary and un-
equalled Company of Vocalists and °encore, the whole combined
terming an evening's entertainment of a most plening description.
Ent appearance of American Barlow, whose novel performance hot
been ngbtty boiled with Noun of applause. Real Life la Ameries—
httroducing the Songs and Dances es given by the Nieves on the
gientation mends, accompanied by the Hilljn, Canoe Phidle. Tambo,
&e. Re. Thee excellent comic ling.'. Mr. W. Warn, will hand...,
nob evening, a variety of °oink Effusions, Doak Invention, Sketches
if E.:nitric Characters, and new Comte Songs, written by himself.
IU. Charles Simun, the only English Improvintore, is engaged at
this nitabliehment, and will appear this en ning.- .Doore open at
Oven, the Concert to commence at half-peel. Managing Director,
Mr. W. Wank, whom Benefit is fixed for Wednesday next, January
•It, 11147.

GERMAN LANGUAGE and DRAMATIC
READINGS.—DR. HEINRICH FICK. Author of a Germanand
Reek/ Dietionary sad other works, TEACHES GERMAN, his native
tongue, in town (twice week in the City), and neighbourhood. Ile
is the bearer of the highest certificates from Vice-Chancellors and
Reads of English and foreign Universities, end some of the moat emi-
nent scholars and authors of this country, his pupas. DRAMATIC
lEADINOO upon the hest models of the Gomm stage. The highest
reference. given. Direct to 0. Ports...passe, Connaught-n.406,,

CHRISTMAS HOLIDAYS.
ROYAL POLYTECHNIC INSTITUTION.-
NtOFESSOR SCIRENBEIN% GUN-COTTON, and ether
Explosive Oxispotmds, with brilliant Experiments, lectured os by
Dr. Rye s, daLy, at half-put three o'cleck, and on the Everdnes cif
Mondays, Wedomdays, sad Fridays. The principle of the Tarim
ELECCRO-MAGNETIC TELEGRAPHS explained daily by PrafeMnr
Raebbodher, ineluding the patent of Messrs. Cook and Wheals's,
which is in use on the Railways, and the more recent mast of
Messrs. Note and Gamble. The various Models explained. *wild
opecimemo of DISEASED POTATOES exhibited by the OXY-HY-
MOGEN MICROSCOPE, with the Destructive Insect, supposed by
A. Scam Esq., F.R.S., to be the cone of the disease. A hemtiftil
series of NEW DIESOLVLSO VIEWS. The DIVING-BELL and
DIVER, with Experiment. The PIIYSIOSCOPE, New CURD-
MATROPE, lac. he.—Admission, la.; Scheel. half-pries.

NEW CIIRisTMAS BOOK. BY MR. DICKENS.
Jurt publigied, price Ss., mall Svs,
THE BATTLE OF LIFE. A Lovg STORY.
By Deuces DICE.. The Thoeirstiene by DANIEL MACLINE,
ILA.; CLARKSON STANFIELD, ILA.; !wax Lams ; 1111 d RiCNAID
DULLS. - -

London : Bradtnu7 and Evam, Whiterrurs.

-c- hi epprego.

• MAILS.
The malts for British North America, Bermuda, and the United
States, will be made up on the evening of the 4th January.
The mails for the Bruits, the Meer Plate, Monte Video, Pernam-
buco, B&W!, Madeira, and BUCIOS Ayres.. will ba dapetched on the
earning of the 4th January.
The mails for Vigo, Oporto. Lisbon. Madeira, Cadiz, and Gibraltar,
will he made up on the morning of the 7th January.
The overland closed mails, rid Marseilles, to the Mediterranean,
Egypt. Aden, Ceylon, India, Hoag Kong, At., will be made up on the
warning of the 7th January.
me West India 11111i1s, excluding those for Mexico, Honduras, and
ale tfayannah, will be made up on the morning of the 17th January.
Th, overland malls fnr Gibraltar, Malts, Greece, the lonian Islands,
Egypt, Aden, Ceylon, India, Hong-Kong, and China, vin Southampton,
wall be made up on the evening of the Taormina of the 20th January.
The malls for New South Wales. Van Diemen 'a Land, and New
Zealand will be made up on the evening of the Slat Januar

TO CORRESPONDENTS.
•.• AdvertLenient* intended kw TM Express, London evening paper,
moat be at the Moe by Two &dock on the day of publication.

I whilst the remedies for over-population in the inland
counties remain still difficult and doubtful.
In another column will be found a letter from the
Home Secretary, in reply to the deputation from
Skibbereen, followed by a statement of the use pro-
posed to be made of the sums which may now be
I raised by private subscription. Her Majesty
has, with her known benevolence, come for-
ward, we understand, to place her name at
the head of the list, and the leading firms
and merchants of this opulent city have not
waited for that high example to place their names
opposite to sums worthy of them and of the sacred
object of saving the lives of thousands, not only of
fellow-creatures, but fellow-subjects.
It is to be regretted that so potent an organ of
public opinion, as the Times, should have set its face
so peremptorily age nut this great act of charity. On
Monday last, on almost the morrow of Christmas, at
a period when the wealth of this capital were in all
the enjoyments of good cheer, and in the midst of those
enjoyments not unmindful of the want which in these
realms is proportionate to opulence; at such a period, the
Titnes thought fit to denounce this project of charity.
Government, it declared, had dune enough, was doing
enough. It protested against appointing " any other
steward of national bounty ;" and argued, with that
generous and lofty flow of imagination so natural to
it, that " when a people was to be rescued from the
gripe of starvation, it wouldn't do to have two strings
to your bow." We admit that one bow-string is
enough, provided the object be to strangle, in Turkish
fashion, the millions of starving Irish. But when we
read of daily and hourly deaths from starvation, of
those extreme cases which the Home Secretary tells
us, " neither Poor-law nor public works can reach ;"
when we hear of the cottier slaying the companion
of his daily toil, the earner of his daily pittance, his
poor ass, to feed on it ; when the population of whole
districts are represented as prostrate in fever and
inanition—for any writer or speaker to stand up and
adjure the wealthy of this empire to withhold their
charity, and leave these wretches to starve—and this
I in obedience to the lofty maxim of "not having two
I strings to one's bow "—is indeed such an outrage
upon common sense, decency, and feeling, that we did
not think any organ of the press could be guilty of.
The objections of the Times as to the difficulty of a
vod distribution, as to the unfairness of relieving
districts where landlords hang back, and as to the
advisability of leaving all to government, are an-
swered, and more than answered, in the documents
which we this day publish. And we have great hopes
that our contemporary will be so impressed with these
refutations of its opinions, and so seriously influenced
by the list of sums and subscribers towards this
great act of national charity, that it will come round
to its support with its usual readiness to forsake
opinions grown worthless, and errors which the great
and wealthy happen to repudiate.

THE minds of Scotchmen are essentially systematic.
They are prepared to give a reason for everything
they do, and are incessantly in search of some general
principle to which they may square all their actions.
To this feature in the national character we attribute
a curious and edifying pamphlet that has just been
flung by some citizen of Auld Reekie at the heads of
the directors of the Edinburgh and Glasgow Railway.
The author has been at the trouble of raking up and
digesting, for the instruction of those gentlemen,
the views of CALVIN, LUTHER, MILTON, JEREMY
TAYLOR, cum muftis olds, on the nature of Sab-
bath observance. To us, Southern', less addicted
to chopping logic, this seems rather a round-
about way of arguing the question of Sunday
railway trains. These ponderous efforts of the
Scottish intellect have this advantage, that when they
do settle a question, they eo it effectually and perma-
nently. But then it nod the nearest, oar grand-
children who can hope to benefit by such complete
conversion as they aim at. The prospect is a dreary
one, if the Sunday trains on the Edinburgh and
Glasgow Railway are to remain in abeyance till the
theologians of Scotland have settled the abstract
question of Sabbath observance.
We place more faith in the efficacy of the votes of
the Edinburgh and Glasgow town-councils, the memo-
rial of the merchants frequenting the Royal Exchange
of Glasgow, and such like movements, than in the
brochure to which we have adverted, interesting
and instructive though it be. Some hope, too,
Iwe are inclined to repose in the worldly
' wisdom of the directors of the Edinburgh
and Glasgow Railway. The members of that board
who believe it their duty to interdict the running
of Sunday trains are, we have good reason to believe,
a minority. The Scotch: directors are divided among
themselves on the question. The new English di-
rectors, from an idea that the question was one which
their Scottish colleagues were best able to settle in
conformity with the public feeling of Scotland, left it
to their decision. The expression of public sentiment
which has been provoked by that decision, must by
this time have convinced the English gentlemen that
the majority of their Scotch colleagues have acted
not upon the opinions most prevalent in Scotland, but
upon those of their own (comparatively) narrow
coterie.

The majority of Scotsmen, we believe, are de-
sirous, not only that the Sabbath should be a day of
rest, but also that its repose should retain decidedly a
devotional character. They are, however (with some
sectarian exceptions), aware that accidents are con-
tinually occurring to render an absolute cessation
from labour on the Sabbath impossible, and that, to I
insist upon people fixing their thoughts exclusively
on devotional meditations for sixteen or eighteen
hours at a stretch is impossible. On this ground,
dinners are allowed to be cooked, medicines to be
dispensed, and healthful exercise to be taken, on
Sunday. Before the days of railroads, poet-chi:Ws,
gigs, and other conveyances, were free to be
hired on Sundays, as on other days. There
is (or lately was) a steam-boat company in Glas-
gow so serious (to use the national phrase) that
they kept chaplains on board their boats plying
between Liverpool and Glasgow. The duty
of these reverend gentlemen was to perform
divine service for the benefit of the 'passengers
and crews of the boats sailing from either port
on Saturdays. But even the managers of this
company, though they gave such an unequivocal
proof of their anxiety to hallow the Sabbath,
felt that there was no call on them to prevent
their boats from making part of their
on that day. It has uniformly been found that
ways put down posting as well as stage-coaches.
The proprietors of a -successful railway are, there-
fore, bound in common equity to afford the public as
much accommodation as they take from it. 'The per-
sons who travel by railways instead of in post-
chaise, avail themselves en route of the ordinary
baba It is the power of the trains to accommo-
date so many that makes railway travelling super-
b& galling. This holds good on Sundays,
ea wry other day. The railway oompatues,
111111 Mire, can only provide for cases of necessary or
bsaltts-seeking travelling by running_ trains as on
ether days ; it is not enough to tell a man that
in urgent need he may have a special blob
It is peeper that the Sunday trains should be so
timed as not to interfere with divine service, but
with this restriction, at least as much accommoda-
tion onto be provided for travellers on Sundays as
on other days. The truth is that a railway train from
Edinburgh to Glasgow does not set more people to
work then we mail-ooach used to do, while it &ebb-
sedates a bodrith them the swabs; of peanamgas.
The whalle.llll MOW this *r other bibs et
I:evening mike there people to make Sunday a day
' of
It is is the buiewe of the directors of the Edin-
burgh and Gloom Railway who entertain times
opinions to urge them upon the minority, and sbsuY
they prove obstinate, to outvote them, and set Sun-
day trains a- canning again. The Scotch public, they
must be aware by this time, will not submit to hayed
the ultra-Sabbatarian views of a few gentlemen, who,
by the accident of being directors and the courtesy of
their colleagues are enabled to stop trains, enforce
upon it a Judaical observance of the Sabbath alien to
its opinions and sentiments. It is true that till
the Caledonian can bring the Wishaw and Colt-
nese Railway into play (before which some years must
elapse), the Edinburgh and Glasgow will have a
monopoly of the travelling between these cities. But
1 this very circumstance will lend weight to applications
I to the legislature to compel the company to afford
proper accommodation to the public. The directors
cannot be more jealous of the interference of govern-
meat and the legislature in the details of railway
management than we are. But if railway directors
avail themselves of their privileges to compel a reluc-
Mat community (to its great moonvenienoe) to oon-

form to the peculiar opinions of a few individuals,
government and the legislature cannot help inter-
tenng.

SERIOUS alarm tuts been caused in the manatee-
taring districts by the low stocks of cotton on hand
both here and on the Continent, conjoined with the
certainty of a deficient crop in America, not counter-
balanced by more abundant crops in any other quarter.
'the tables compiled by the associated brokers of
Liverpool show that the aggregate stock of cotton in
all the ports of the kingdom only amounted on the 31st
of December to 343,790 bales, compared with 1,053,270
in 1845, and 903,107 in 1844. The stocks at Havre
have been reduced in quite as great a ratio. The
stocks in that port on the 31st of December last
amounted only to 25,500 bales ; on the same day of
1815 they were 50,000 bales ; of 1844, 53,000 bales;
and of 1843, 100,000 bales. The latest account+,
from America estimate the yield of the crop
exactly at the same amount as those which
preceded them, varying from 1,800,000 bales
to 2,000,000 bales. The crop of 1845 yielded
2,100,000 bales, that of 1844 yielded 2,400,000. A
gentleman long in the cotton trade, writes: "In all
my experience I never knew the disproportion
between supply and demand so great as at present.
The only year that approaches it is 1825, when the
price of American cotton ranged from lid. to 13d.,
while the same cotton ranged on 26th December from
to Bfd."
There is no doubt that of the cotton crops of 1848
Great Britain can command more than its average
proportional share. The manufacturers of less wealthy
countries must give up bidding and stop their works
before cotton reaches the price, which renders such a
step unavoidable in this country. The buyers on
speculation at Havre have their eyes on the English
markets. "On our market," says the Journal du
Harre, of the 2nd inst., "the transactions at Liver-
pool produce more effect than the news from the
United States. There is a disposition to operate, and
holders are raising their demands." Still it is ad-
mitted on all hands that the operations of our cotton
manufacturers will be materially crippled during
the ensuing year.
Nor do the apprehensions of the manufacturers
stop here. Serious doubts are entertained whether
the deficient supply will be confined to the year 1847.
It is maintained by some that had the American crop
of this year reached the enormous amount of 3,000,000
of bales, last year's having been 2,100,000, the pro-
portional allotment of Great Britain out of the in-
creased quantity would not have been more than
enough to meet the ordinary increase (9 per cent.) in
the consumption, and leave an adequate stock on the
31st of December, 1847. The demand of our manu-
facturers cannot be satisfied by a continuance of
American cotton crops equal to what we have had; •
progressive increase in their amounts is required.
Now, there are some circumstances connected with
the

cultivation of cotton in America, which induce
grave fears that instead of increasing, it may pos-
sibly retrograde. The bulk of the deficiency this
year is in the crops of the southern and western states.
By the latest returns, it would appear that the
Atlantic states have had average, if not mote than
average crops. In Mobile and the western states,
what the Ay began, the early frosts completed. But
there also appears to have been another agency at
work in addition to insects and inclement weather.

From the report of the Commissioners of Patents
for 1845, it would appear that in some parts of Loui-
siana sugar cultivation has been superseding the culti-
vation of cotton. At p. 903, we read:
It thus appears that in 17 parishes there are 367 cotton
plantations which have been changed into sugar estates. But
even this does not show the full number, as many other small
cotton growers have also abandoned that culture for sugar,
but not having the means to erect sugar works themselves,
all grind their canekat the mills of their immediate neigh-
bours, and these small estates are not reckoned among the
367 new plantations. In the three other parishes, Vermillion,
Lafayette, and St. Ltudoy, where there were Si old planta-
tions, T have not investigated the number of new ones, but
from the information I have obtained there must be 25 to 30,
or even more.

The zeport adds that the proprietors of 120 to 130
estates were only waiting the action of Congress on
the new tariff, to change from the culture of cotton to
that of sugar.
We do not believe that the cultivation of sugar will
be found very profitable in any part of the United
States. It is improbable that any countries north
or south of the 21th parallel can compete in this
branch of industry with those within the tropics. The
frosts of Mobile, which even the cotton cannot
stand, will do still more mischief to the canes. But
this experimental shifting from growing cotton to
growing canes, shows that cotton cultivation is ceasing
in the United States to be a gainful occupation.
The reason of this is obvious. It is by means of
their slaves alone that the Americans have been able
to make their cotton grounds pay. As soon as the
British legislature restricted the hours of working for
slaves in oar West India colonies, the cotton grounds
were abandoned, to concentrate the labour of the
slaves on the sugar estates. Since slaves have ceased
to be imported into the Union, their value has risen
enormously. Slave breeding is much more expensive
than slave stealing. The slave labour of the Union is
almost as dear as the free labour of our colonies. And
it will continue to be so. A slave-breeding interest
has grown up in the States, which will vote along
with the abolitionists, to prevent the re-establishment
of the slave trade. The price of labour in the United
States has permanently reached • height that will
effectually prevent the extension of cotton-growing,
if, indeed, it do not contract it.
The rude settlers in North Brazil may continue to
grow cotton with sufficient remuneration for their
purposes,, but the gentleman cotton-growers of the
Carolinas and the keen money-makers of the new
states, are already looking about them for more profit-
able employments. Ootton-growing is the business of
poor and rude countries with swarms of unem-
ployed labourers. In some provinces of British India
it might succeed. At Natal, where the Fingoes may
be had, it might succeed. On the coasts of western
and eastern Africa it might succeed. But in each
and all of these places, to be cultivated successfully,
cotton must be taken in hand, not after the dilettante
scientific fashion of the East India Company, but after
the fashion of those pioneers of civilisation, who spe-
culate in turning to account the labour of such
densely-peopled but imperfectly civilised countries,
as are found in some parts of India and Africa.

Friday and Saturday being the jots,- de Can and the
next day were periods of general festivity and compa-
rative suspension of business in Paris. On Friday all
public offices and places of business were closed.
During the few days previous to Friday, as we
stated in our correspondence, a good deal of anxiety
was felt at court respecting the address of the diplo-
matic body to be delivered by the Pope's nuncio, as
its senior member, in which, as was natural, some re-
ference to the Montpensier marriage would be made.
This produced a good many goings and comings be-
tween the Hotel des Affaires k:traneres and the Bri-
tish embassy. The presence of Lord Normanby at
the ceremony of annual congratulation was
most desirable to the court, but was only
to be procured by a distinct understanding
respecting the terms in which the Montpensier mar-
I riage should be referred to in the address. Many
were the changes of determination on the one side
and on the other on this point throughout Wednesday
and Thursday, and it was not until near midnight on
the latter evening that, at the request of the Bing,
the paragraph was attenuated to the degree of on-
mearungnees required by the British ambassador. In
fine, he was induced to go.
The deputations which presented addresses were
those from the Peers and Deputies, Courts of Casea-
tion and Account, the Royal Council of Public In-
struction, the Cour Royal, the Institute, &c.
The diplomatic body was received at four o'clock,
when the papal nuncio delivered the following
address:
I Sire,—The Corps Diplumatique always awaits with the
same hopes the return of this solemn epoch of the new year,
boast= they find pleasure in offering to you, in the name of
the soesiakpa they have the honour to represent the most
AMMO when
for the perfect prosperity of your Majesty, of
Ms reysd lostlT, and of France.
It Is do with great satisfaction that they congratulate
yam, Sire, ea the maintenance of general peace, the admira-
ble mob of the wisdom of your Majesty and of the other
sad their cabinets. It is the noblest claim to the
trtoes, wham glory and happiness consist in
y.
Tleft Mee general felicity, your Majesty has, at Vae
sans dim seen the happiness of your family incleaw.d—
a fink *ldol% has afforded, and will always affurr',, the
tosearnseamisestations to your paternal feelings.
we teats your ?esty will behold many returrj. of this
haw day, which will still find you as illustrivus on the
throw, as happy by the aide of your royal and virtuous
sponse, and in the midst of your nauseous and illustrious
family, as new.

Deign, Sire, to accept the well-srlahes and congratulations
of the diplomatic body. and their respectful homage.
To which the King replied as follows:
I deeply feel what you have just expressed for France, for
my family, sod myself, in the name of the diplomatic body
and the sovereigns which you represent. Like you, I share
the universal confidence that Heaven will continue to pour
its blaming on our united efforts to ensure the maintenance
of twins rsal peace, the fruitful source of the prosperity of
states, and the happiness of nations. It is in my name, as
well as in that of the Queen and all my family, that I thank
you for your participation in the renewal of the domestic
pleasures which Providence has reserved to LW, and whiLla, as
you say, form one of the greatest consolations it can procure
us. You are aware how agreeable it is to me to receive
through you the expretaion of the well wishes of the diplo•
matic body.

The Madrid mails to the 27th ult. inclusive were
received in Paris on Friday and Saturday. The
ministerial crisis had continued, and various and con-
tradictory rumours were afloat.
El Clamor Palle° of the 27th gave it as positive
that the six ministers had given in their resignation,
which had been accepted, and that on the same
evening a new Cabinet was to have been named. It
was said that the Marquis de Viluma had been
I named President of the Senate, that General San
Miguel was to be the Progressista candidate for the
presidency of the Chamber of Deputies.
Great apprehensions were felt respecting the move-
ments of the partisans of the Count Montemolino.
Reports were spread that he had obtained resources in
England, and meditated a descent on Majorca, where
considerable preparations for defence were going on.
The Infant Don Enrique was preparing to leave
Madrid for Cadiz. _ _ .

There was no bourse on the 25th, 26th, and 27th at
Madrid. _ _.

-----
The weather continued extremely severe, and all
the mails continued to be late.

---...---
The Heraldo of the 27th gives an analysis of the
parties in the Cortes as follows: 250 Moderados; 48
Progressistas; 8 doubtful, and 41 elections not yet
decided. There must besides be new elections in 32
colleges, in consequence of double elections. Of these
32, 9 will be Progressistas and 23 Moderados. In
the 41 elections which remain undecided the Heraklo
says that the Progressista party has not above 10
candidates.

FRANCE.—STEAMERS Olf TIM WEST COAST OP
Munoz. —The Moniker states that contracts for the delivery
of English coal at the different points on the west coast of
Africa will be adjudged on the 29th instant. The places and
quantities are :—Ooree, 2,000,000 kilogrammes • the Ga-
boom, 2,500,000 ; Sierra Leone and Axial, 1,500:000 ; Fer-
nando Po and Prince's Wand, 1,500,000. This distribu-
tion bespeaks more anxiety for the extension of French
settlements on the coast than for the suppression of the
slave-trade.
SPAIN. —A MINISTERIAL CRISIS. —IL is stated
in the Esperanza, that the ministerial crisis again impends.
"A person well informed attributes this result to the strong
determinations which Canes& has shown to resign a post
which so many others have coveted. Isturitz and Mon will
continue to occupy their respective posts. Bravo Murillo
will have the portfolio of Justice, and Ortera that of the In-
terior. Fidel will be called to the presidency of the Cham-
ber. No one is named for the departments of War and
Marine." El Clamor Public° adds, that the Queen had
named the evening of the 27th Mt. for appointing the new
ministry. It was reported that Filuma had been named
President of the Senate. _ _

COUN r DE MON TEM OLI N. —Confidential letters
have arrived from London, which 113 CM to have made
no pleasant impression on ministers. It is believed
that these tidings relate to the Count de Montemolin, and
that, notwithstanding his pl: dges, he is endeavouring to ,
profit by the present position of European diplomacy,
to carry out, in our north and east provinces, his long-
meditated project of sovereignty. There is something
remarkable in the bearing of the Carlists, too, just
now. Never before did the active Cartist party ap-
pear so quiet and resigned. This must indicate one of
two things: either that they have ceased to hope for the
realization of their views; or (and this is more probable),
t tat they are too much internally occupied just now to make
any unnecessary display of their external relations.
L'Espanol, Dec. 20.
ITALY.—A letter from Rome in the Nuremberg
Correspondent says :—" The elevation of M. Marini to the
rank of cardinal haa crested some dissaVsfaction. On the
door of his residence, soon after the news of his elevation,
there was found written is the morning with chalk, Prima
Cantenato di Pio IX. (first error of Pius 1X.)"
A letter from Genoa states that the anniversary of
the expulsion of the Austrians from that city was celebrated
there on the anniversary of the event, being the sth of De-
cember. Illuminations on the same evening took place at
Bologna, Ferran, and other towns of the Romagna. The
Pope's name was loudly cheered. The Austrian government
has addressed notes to the governments of Rome and 'rutin
on these events. - .

HOLLAND.—TRE HAGUE, DEC. 29.—The Minis-
ter of Finance presenting yesterday to the States General
the biennial budget for 1848 and 1849, gave • state-
ment of the financial situation of the country. A rapid
examination of the financial period which has just elapsed,
said his Excellency, suffices to convince us that the state
of the finances of the kingdom is now prosperous,
the arrears being provided tor, the reduction of the
interest of the funds regulated, and exchanges of
the old depreciated coin almost wholly terminated.
Thus we have every reason to rejoice at the result which the
public treasury presents at this moment. The public credit
being re-established in • legal manner is now fixed upon a
solid basis, and the general crisis occasioned for some time
by the speculations in railroads has not hail any injurious
effects upon it. In this state of things, when the greatest
publicity prevails in our finance., and when everybody may
so easily inform himself of their situation, must we not be
astonished that attempts have been made to alarm
people. minds by a report of • considerable deficiency ?
At the end of the session of 1845, instead of a deficiency,
there was • surplus of more than a million. The minister
congratulated himself that the exchange of the old currency
has ren effected before the end of the year, and expressed
his satisfaction at being side to announce, that the amount
which had been calculated as likely to result from the ex-
change and recoining of the old currency, will not exceed
the original estimate. The minister then pointed out the
considerable increase which has taken place this year in our
mercantile navy. Though the year is not expired, the num-
ber of arrivals known up to this date exceeds by nearly two
thousand those of the last year but one, and by about thirteen
hundred those of last year.
GERMANY.—A letter from Vienna, in the Frank-
fort Gazette, states that Prince Metternich has already con-
fidentially communicated to M. de Flahaut the reply of the
Austrian government to the French protestation against the
incorporation of Cracow.
A letter from Berlin, of the 25th ult., states that, by
Royal ordonnsnce, the long formula hitherto in use in courts
of law, when an oath is taken, is to be replaced by the words,
" I swear before God to tell the truth, the whole truth, and
nothing but the truth." The witness is to hold up the
thumb and the two first fingers, perpendicularly, in sign of
the Holy Trinity, the other fingers being boat down.
During the taking of the oath all persons in the wart are to
stand up.
Owing to the political manceuvrea in the Canton of
Tessin, • cordon is to be drawn along this frontier of the
north of Italy—probably near Lugano ea the Lego Maggiore.
As a good deal of smuggling is carrieli on at this point, two
ends will be attained at once.

CHACOW.—On January 12 the Austrian system of
rovernment will be introduced at rjracow._

PRUSSIA.—EDICT OF RELY GIOOS TOLERATION. ICI
The first paragraphs in the ov Aline of this expected edict
contain a confirmation of past eines of religious liberty, and
then refer to the religious parties which have recently
arisen, bat have not hitherto 1 men sure of their recognition
by the state. We learn, four a one who has read the outline
of the edict, that it will cora sin no admission of the rights of
new separatists, but that to; oration will be extended to them
simply by an act of imp, rial grace.—Allgenteine Zeitung,
Dee. 18.

DENMARK.—It 'is beyond a doubt that the cabi-
nets of Vienna and Bee lin have addressed energetic remon-
'trances to the court di Denmark, calling upon it to abandon
a line of policy dstrid tents' to good order and peace in Den-
mark, and adapted to keen up political excitement in Ger-
many. Independently of the duchies, the free town of
Lubeck has been a topic of conversation, as not having been
well treated as a faithful ally. The Rassian note is said to
contain similar remarks. What the Danish government
will reply is 'variously eosjectured. Whether the reply
be an evasive one or not, it was presumed that the step taken
by the three powers would have some effect, and the dis-
missal of the iminiaters who counselled the letter patent was
spoken of. It was also rumoured that special ambassadors
were to 'oe sent to Vienna and Berlin.