The Express.
London, England, 1846-09-30 00:00:00

THE EXPRESS, WEDNESDAY EVENING, SEPTEMBER 30, 1846.

as they had done that day, he was rare their cause would
triumph. (Cheers, and cries of "We will.")
The Hall was then adjourned till this morning at nine
o'clock. The polling will last for seven days.
COURT OP ALORRMEN.—Yesterday, when the Lord
Mayor and Aldermen returned from the hustings, after the
commencement of the proceedings of the Common Hall, on
the election for the Mayoralty, a Court of Aldermen was
held ; on which occasion the Sheriffs appeared at the
bar to anne.unce.to the court that the livery had returned
to that court Alderman Thomas Wood, and Alderman Sir
George Carroll, as fit and proper persons to fill the office of
Lord Mayor of the City of London, and that a poll had
been demanded upon the part of Alderman Hooper.—Some
conversation took plaLe between the members of the court,
which was very numerously attended, upon the necessity of
demanding a poll upon the parts of Alderman Wood and Sir
George Carroll.—Mr. Alderman Hooper repeated that he
had no wish to go to the poll. The liveryman who had pro-
posed him had a right to nominate any eligible alderman,
and he had chosen to exercise that right. Alderman
Ilooper, however, did not wish to anticipate the time
when the honour of filling the civic chair would
come to him in rotation, by a single hour.—Alderman Wood
assured the court that it was very far from his wish to go to
the poll. He would not have demanded a poll, whatever
might have been the result of the show of hands. The
observations which had passed in that court on the preced-
ing day as to the propriety of postponing his candidateship
for the office until next year had had considerable weight
with him, inasmuch as they manifested the intention of the
court, however favourably the livery might think proper to
decide, respecting his claims. He again declarNl that he by
no means wished to go to the po:I, and he regretted very
much that any step had been tukcu to render that course
necessary. Some of the members hoped that means could
be still adopted to prevent the inconvenient and expensive
alternative ; but it was stated officially that the poll having
been regularly demanded, it mast proceed. A motion for
liquidating the expenses incurred by the Lord Mayor and
Conservators in their survey of the western district of the
Thames, was opposed by Alderman Humphrey, who stated
it to be his opinion now that the corporation ought not to be
taxed for the expenses incurred beyond the limits of the civic
jurisdiction. It was only fair that each gentleman should
pay his own share of the charges incurred beyond the
boundary at Staines, and he should move to that effect. Sir
Peter Laurie seconded the amendment, which was lost, by a
majority of 4 to I.

REMOVAL OF TIIE WELLINGTON STATUE
We yesterday published a short notice of the
removal of the Wellington Statue., The following is a
detailed account :—The removal of the statue from the
place of its creation to the place of its destination took
place yesterday with an the eclat which fine weather,
military pageantry, and crowds of spectators could impart. On
our way to the artist's atelier in the Harrow-road, we observed
all the symptoms of a general holiday. Along the Edgware.
road shops were closed, and business seemed entirely sus-
pended. Temporary balconies had been erected in front
of several of the houses, and these, together with the win-
dows and roofs, were crowded with spectators. Along the
centre of the road the sea of human heads kept moving towards
the great point of attraction, so that on arriving at Mr.
Wyatt's establishment we found great difficulty in making
our way to the excellent position for seeing with which we
were politely accommodated. Galleries had been con-
structed, and seats placed on the roof, which were crowded
with as many of the nobility as are to be found in town at
this season of the year. Among those present we recognised
the Duke of Cambridge, the Duke of Mecklenburgh Stre-
litz, the Duke of Rutland, Earl of Cardigan, Countess of
Westmoreland, Lady Fitzroy, Lord H. Bentinek, George
Wombwell, Esq., P. Borthwick, Esq., M.P., Sir F. Trench,
M.P., besides many other persons of distinction.
Some idea may be formed of the immense proportions of
this colossal work from the few following facts :—a mounted
Life Guardsman, armed cap-a-pie, might pass under the
belly of the horn: without touching it. Standing on the
platform on a level with the stirrup of the mounted figure, a
tall person could scarcely reach to the knees, and the arms,
from the elbows to the hands, are nearly as large as an ordi-
nary-sized man, both in length and bulk. The great height
of the statue, when raised on the platform on which it was to
be drawn, as well as the scaffolding necessary for moving
it, had rendered it previously necessary to demolish a large
portion of the roof of the building in which it was contained.
this process exposed to view a consisentble portion of the
statue, and the public curiosity was accordingly gratified
with a tolerable good sight of nearly half of the entire
work. A massive and lofty timber platform of great
strength, and supported on four immense metal
wheels, was erected to convey the gigantic work on its
journey. Upon this the statue was placed—the chest end
quarters of the horse resting on the body of the platform,
while the four legs descended below the ;laical of the wheels,
and were there supported by iron ban, so placed trans-
versely as to meet the hoofs of the animal. By means of
chain windlasses, ropes, pulleys, levers, inclined planes, plank
tramways, and other appliances, the carriage and statue,
weighing together nearly sixty ton+, were moved
near to the gate of the studio, which opens en the
read, and were quite ready to be drawn forth.
Yesterday mottling, at about eleven, the removal of the
enormous mass was commenced. One hundred men of
the Fusilier Guards in fatigue dress pulled the immense
carriage on which the statue was placed into the road
preparatory to attaching the powerful team of horses by
which it was to be drawn to its destination. As soon as
the statue was placed fairly in the middle of the road, its
enormous proportions became evident, and a general
shout of wonder and welcome was the result. The whole
scene at this moment was one of the most striking
parts of the procession, and the grouping somewhat pic-
turesque. The studio of the artist adjoins the road thrown
over a part of the Paddington station of the Great Western
Railway, and on this road about half way down, the truck
or carriage with the monster statue was placed before the
horses were put to. When the start was made—a few
minutes after twelve—the sun was shining very powerfully-,
and the figure of the duke looked like a giant led from a field
of cloth of gold by a multitude of Lilliputi in heroes. Behind
the statue was seen a moving maw of helmets and swords,
the Gothic spire of Mr. Cundy's new church at Paddington,
and a clear blue sky. As soon as the word was given that all
was ready the military band struck up an apprapriate air,
the quick light tramp of cavalry was heard, and the heavy
steps of the brewers' horses dragging the hero to his eras at
Ilyde-park•corner. The surprise at the rapidity of its move-
ment was very general—the horses, tired of standing still,
took kindly to their novel employment, and the carriage,
with its weight of horse and man, came at a rapid pace down
the declivity on which it stood. It was necessary, however.
to make a halt before the statue had gone three hundred
yards; one or two of the brewers horses, unused to draw in
so large a crowd, grew restive at the scene; but the mob
pushing onward, a clear course was oktained, and the statue
moved at a quick walking pace till it was Early out of sight.
We may add that the artist of the colossal monument stood
on the carriage which conveyed his work—that, seen on a
level with the feet of tfie duke, the toprnoW part of his head
was only up to the duke's knee, and that the letter+ of his
name form the embroidery of the saddle-cloth, in the same
way that Sir Joshua Reynolds printed his name, much to the
satisfaction of Mrs. Siddans, on the skirt of the dress of his
celebrated "Tragic Muse."
The procession was marshalled in the following order :
Videttes—Band of 2nd Life Guards—Trumpeter—One hun-
dred Foot Guards—Two companies of Life Guards—The
Committee—Pioneers—Another company of Life Guards—
The STATUE—One hundred Fusiliers—Band of the Grena-
dier Guards—Two hundred of the Grenadier Guards—The
remainder of the Life Guards. In addition to these, one
hundred Fusiliers in fatigue dresses acted as "riggers." To
the under sides of the car two long and strong ropes were
attached, which were pulled by the gallant Fusiliers when-
ever sloping ground was passed over, to prevent the huge
moss from rolling forward too fast.
The procession moved on amidst the cheers of the popu-
lace, who lined the streets, and appeared at the windows.
In the Edgeware-road a stoppage took place, much to the
disappointment of the mass of expectants round the corner
in Oxford-street and lark-lane; for the band of the Guards
marched up playing "Sec the Conquering Hero comes,"
for some ten minutes before the announcement their
music implied was fulfilled. At length, however,
the conquering hero did come; and a hearty
burst of cheers greeted the bronze monster when
it appeared. The difficulty of turning twenty-nine horses
round so sharp a earner as that formed by Park•lane in
Oxford-street, caused a second and longer delay; but,
thanks to the strength of Mr. Ooding'a horses, and the
skill of his draymen in front, and to the long pulls and
strong pulls of the military riagers behind, that feat was per-
formed. The railings which separate the Park from the
lane were double lined with spectators whilst the " ring "
was bordered with carriages filled with " beauty." though
we cann it conscientiously add, with " fashion." When
the statue disappeared behind Gloucester-house, we made
the best of our way to the arch, which is to be its pedestal
" for three weeks only." Having obtained permission, we
ascended the scaffolding, by which the Si tons of sculp-
ture is to be raised. The scene beheld from this eminence
was animated, picturesque, and we are justified in adding,
grand. Piccadilly seemed to be paved with hats. The green
of Hyde Park was also streaked with moving black lines
running and converging to the Piccadilly gates. Next to the
crowd, Apsley-house was the most attractive object. The
balcony of the Duke's mansion was filled with visitors; the
vine as those we have mentioned as having been at the
stone, with the addition of the Queen Dowager and suite,
Lo's Londonderry and Strangford.
Aftera long dela' the colossal statue was manoeuvred
round th c corner of 1 ark-lane into Piccadilly, and a deafen-
ing shout t rat the air from under the ocean of hats which
were waved ,'cneath as. The bands blew forth their brazen
melody with in. Teased spirit. When the procession arrived
opposite
to
the ncrision of the hero, it halted. This was the
crowning moment. Every sett of expression of enthusiasm
was manifested. Den cheers once more rent the air;
and those of the crowd who possessed the fortuuate power of
wave,' handkerchiefs—and not only they,
raising their arms,
but many of the royal aristocratic occupants of the
balcony, did the same.
win the statue under the
The process—a long one—of di:g
scaffolding which is to raise it to its :)edegal, concluded the
avionv :Ittachnients of mtli-
ceremony of yesterday : the v
headed ,r
,their respective
tary filed off among the crowd,
lands: the balcony was left gradually tn. oriented,
and—
except by a no means small crowd of linger...l'4—We great
mass of spectators took their departure.
Whatever difference of opinion there may be as i.")
publicfltncr
of site, or other matters which have recently occupied
attention in connexion with this work, there can be non." aB.. .
to the completeness of the arrangements by which its remove
was effected. The carriage on which it was placed was of
enormous size and strength, the wheels being about twelve
feet in diameter. Upon this the statue, thirty feet high, and
weighing thirty-five tans, stood securely embedded, up to
the horse's girth, is solid timber, so that when in motion
over the pavement but a very slight oscillation was per-
ceptible. Mr. tioding's horses seemed to make quite light

of their load. drawing it along at a rate which kept the
pedestrians at a quick walk, and overcoming the cis inertia.
after every stoppage without the slightest apparent dif-
ficulty. This will appear the more surprising when we
consider that the carriage and its freight could not weigh
much lews than sixty tons, independent of a dozen persons
who stood or sat grouped about the horse's feet. Some idea
of the size of the whole may be formed by those who have
not witnessed yesterday's ceremony, when we state, that the
horses head is about six feet long, and his care longer than
the head of an ordinary sized horse, while hi, body is twenty-
six feet in girth. We were informed, that while in course
of construction, fourteen persons sat at one time within the
body and drank to the health of the noble duke whose effigy
it was intended to bear. The group occupied about six years
in construction, and the cost will, we understand, be about
thirty thousand pounds.—We were sorry to hear that the
additional stoppage in the Edgeware-toad was occasioned by
a fatal accident. A man fell off the carriage, aed pitching
on his head WAS killed on the spot. Another accident oc-
i curved in the Harrow-road, previous to the starting. A
flowerpot fell from a house in consequence of seine person
leaning out of the window, and struck a woman named
Elizabeth Ladd upon the temple, injuring her very seriously.
The preparations made for elevating the statue are elabo-
rate, and the uprights and pulleys, it is confidently stated by
the master artificer, are more than sufficient to bear twice the
strain that the weight of this cumbrous object will put upon
them. There are four blocks with tackle reeved through
them six times ; the ropes are entirely new ; the " crabs "
(or working these pulleys are placed on a platform at the
summit of the scaffolding, and all the men engaged in the
actual operation of hoisting the statue will consequently be
stationed above. When the statue shall have reached
the proper degree of elevation the whole platform
with the men and machinery, together with the
statue will be worked forward until the feet of the horse are
immediately over the sockets into which they are to rest,
when it will be gradually lowered, and secured by bolts
fastened to massive plates of bronze, which form part of the
castings of each of the feet. The slinging of the statue, and
getting it into its proper position,—which will piece the
Duke's face in the direction of Piccadilly,—will, it is calcu-
lated, occupy several hours ; it is not at present anticipated
that the process of hoisting can commence before 12 or 1
o'clock to-day.—Last night, after the return of tie men in
the employment of the Messrs. Ooding, they were bounte-
ously entertained with a supper of roast •becf, geese, &c., at
the Waterman's Arens, or tioding's Tap, Pedlar's-acre, with
several other men of the establishment, altogether amounting
to 38, the entertainment being provided by the Messrs.
Godiog. This evening the remainder of the men, amounting
to 40, will ha similarly regaled.
PRAYERS OS TILE PROSPECT OF SCARCITY.—
The Gazette of last night contains two orders in council;
one directing thet a form of pra3er be prepared by the Arch-
bishop of Canterbury, and used in all churches and
chapels in England, Wales, and Berwick-upon-Tweed, on
Smithy, the 11th of October, and two following Sundays ;
the other directing that ministers of the Established Church
of Scotland, and of the Episcopal Communion, protected
and allowed in Scotland, do put up prayers to the same effect
on
BU the same days.
CKINGHAM PALACE.—Workmen, yesterday, be-
gan the boarding fur inclosing the Palace preparatory to
commencing those extensive alterations and improvements
which it has been resolved to make in it.
SEWERS, GtILDIIALL. RESIGNATION OF THE
SURVEYOR.—Yesterday, at a full attendance of the members
of the Court of Sewers, the res;gnation of Mr. Kelsey, the
surveyor, was accepted, and a committee appointed to in-
quire into the duties and emoluments of the office. The
salary of Mr. Kelsey was 11001. a year, and a per centage of
IS per cent on all works, besides fees for hoards, &c.
CONSECRATION OF A NEW RONIAN CATHOLIC
CHURCH AT ISLE or DOGS, POPLAR.—The new Roman Ca-
tholic chapel of St. Edward, situate at Mill-waft, Isle of Dogs,
Poplar, was yesterday consecrated, with all the solemn pomp
prescribed by the lteman Ritual. The Right Rev. Bishop
Griffiths, vicar apostolic for the London district, officiated.
He was assisted by the Right Rev. Dr. Morris, coadjutor
bishop of the district, and both were attired in vestments of
surpassing richness. At eleven o'clock the hell rang out,
and a procession of priests and dignitaries all robed in vest-
ments of gold, silver, lace, satin, velvet, and embroidered silk,
moved from the sacristy, chanting "rymeas dik-ta taberna-
(sla tun," and. passing through the assembled multitudes
formed round the altar, and the service commenced. High
mass was chanted. Bishop Morris afterwards preached an
impressive ectr.on, in the course of which he took occasion
to allude to the progress which the Roman Catholic religion
has been making of late rears. The chapel, which was
erected under the superintendence of Mr. 1% illiam Wardell,
architect, is capable of accommodating 400 persons.
EXANIINATION OF THE PAUPER CHILDREN IN
Sr. Pe acues.—Yesterday, at the meeting of the board of
directors and guardians of St. Pancras, Mr. Churchwarden
Howarth reported that the examination of the children in
the schools of the workhouse took place on the previous day,
pursuant to the direction of the board, in the presence of the
ltev. Thomas Dale, M.A., the Vicar, several directors, and
vestrymen, besides a numerous assemblage of visitors. ,The
vicar presided, and conducted the examination in a very
satisfactory manner. The vicar stated that he had been de-
puted by the Bishop of London to examine a large number
of the metropolitan parochial schools, and that he had not
found in any of them the children afford a more satisfactory
proof of the accurate knowledge they possessed of the sub-
jects upon which they were enlightened than at that work-
house. The report was ordered to be entered on the minute,.
The thanks of the board of directors was given to the Rev.
Thomas Dale, the vicar of the parish, for the very able and
efficient manner in which he had conducted the examination
of tile children.
MORE MEETINGS Is ST. PANcn.ts.—A numerous
meeting of the rate-payers of St. Pancras was held at the
Exmouth Arms, Exmouth-street, Hampstead-raad, on Mon-
day evening, fir the purpose of taking int consideration the '
report of the board of directors and guardians relative to the
case of Mary A. Jones. Mr. Morris was in the chair. The
report of the board of directors was read at length. Mr.
Mann propos:el that a further inquiry should be instituted
into the conduct of the workhouse authorities, but this mo-

tion ;ascot followed out. Mr.Chureltwardenllowarth pro-

posed that the report of the directors be approved of by the
meeting, and in the course of a long speech, defended the
workhouse authorities and the workhouse diet, severely cen-
sured Mr. Cooper, the parish surgeon, end comidained of the
Press as " making the most" of workhouse irregularities.
On Mr. Howarth resuming his seat, it was mused by Mr.
Windford, and seconded by Mr. Hartley :
" That in the opinion of this meeting, a committee of vestrymen
should be appointed to investigate the conduct of all the off ors in St.
Pancras Workhouae."
. . . - . . .

After a considerable discussion, in the course of which Mr.
E. F. Smith descriiied the directors as negligent, and raid
the master of the workhouse had not visited the oakum-room
for nine months. He read the following communication :
"oakum-room, St. Pancras Workhouse, sem. 2.t, Isle.
" Sir,—l beg you will excuse the liberty I have taken in addressine
i You. Having been informed that vou are at present a vestryman of
I this parish, I humbly soli it your kind attention to the following dies
cuntstonces, on behalf of the poor unfortunate individuals whose un-
happy lot it is to be confined in this oakum-room prison, suffering
' greatly from close confinement and almost starvation. There arc at
present confined here in the calium-room twenty-four individuals, out
of which number eight of them are cripples, and four al., of them
boys under sixteen yearn Maze, which almost renders them incapable
. eurniug their livelihood sit able-bodied. lu the winter s aeon we
vary in number from thirty to form, or mare; and our place of am-
finement is considerably too small (or such a number. The yard which
we have for airing, or exercioe, as it is termed, measure+ only 25 feet
• in length and eight in width, which, when 40 persons are ramtined her:
• and go to the same yard for exercise, they have qtly each of
• them five feet for exercise, which is only just one stride PCTIPP4 the
yard, or in whichever way one person thinks fit to turn himself. As
o to wollatig that is quite out of the question; for there is no room for
walking in so 'mall a yard. The coutinement is mire close here and
unhealthy than in the blouse of Correction—a place of punishment.
• The Sabbath here is spent the same as a wick day; we never see
• Sunday here; we are never allowed even to frequ nt the house cha-
pel, or any other place of worship. I myself, together with other in-
, mate+, have been kept closely confined here for upwards of two years
and never even permitted to attend a chapel, or hear the Wont of Got
in any shape or way whatever; nor even now are any of us suffered
' to go beyond the walls of our dungeon fur that ur any other pur-
pope. I must now beg your polite attention to the filthy and hor-
rifying state that the place is in, and has been for some lung
period of time. It is now abounding with lice and other vermin. It
has frequently been reported to Mr. Lee, the master, as such, whahus
only laughed and jeered at it, and told UM to catch them, and kill them
with the mallets (with which we mallet oakum for picking!, a+
we were lase, idle thieves, and had nothing else to do. This was all
we got from Mr. Lee, the master, for reporting the uneleanlineso of
the place. The linen is also served out to us in a Oath and unclean
state, not fit to put on. It is also the custom of Mr. Lee to tell us to
"go and make a hole in the water, like Phillip Rita did," referring to
one who has been a pauper here, and drowned himself. I have often
heard hint say—poor fellow'—that he never would again retu'n to
this prison. I must also observe, that the man Whitt, who gave
evilence concerning the provisions which was not altogether to the
satisfaction of Mr. Lee, he (the master) has not since allowed Whitt
to work to earn a few pence. Them Mr. Lee punishes the paupers for
speaking the truth. I have no doubt, had Whitt have told a [aloe-
hood in favour of Mr. lee, that he would have been rewarded instead
of punished. Thu+ the management and control of the house is en-
tirely left to Mr. Lee by the directors, to do as he thinks proper.
Mr. Lee apparently acts as surgeon ; for when Dr. Cooper has ordered
porter to the sick or Si alteration in diet, he (Mr. Lee) has strictly
forbidden and stopp. d it. Whatever Mr. Lee says appears to be taw
in the eyes of the directors. I must now confine myself to a cruel
and disgraceful occurrence which took place about five weeks ago.
Six of us were confined in a miserable dungeon tatted the • Refrac-
tory-room,' or ' Black-hole,' to undergo a sentence of •IS home' close
confinement, and close enough it was, for this bloekthole had no
window or tire-place. The door was cased or lined with iron, and
locked and bolted withoutside. The weather then being PO excel sively
hot and close, we also being so many, we complained of the close con-
finement and heal As a punishment for complainicm, a large board
was nailed up orer the small air-hole that previously existed, and
thus the draft and air was entirely stopped. There was no ventila-
tion whatever, and we were almost suffocated. There were also sews
rat hole+ knocked and made in the opposite wall of the cell to admit
the foul air and the stench from the burying-ground which adjoins
tho cell, the wall of the burying-ground forming a portion of
the cell. The abominable stench that came in upon us
turned us all quite sickly, there not being an escape
for it. I myself was also kept confined therein thirt.y.sth
hours, and all the fond that sus given me was four ounces
of bread only during that time. The only reason that we were con.
tined there was for applying for relief, there being no other reason
whatever. There is no bed, nor even straw, in the place to lie upon ;
only the hard boards, which are infested with Maw Upwards of
thirty of us hare been there together confined, and half of us have
been compelled to lie on the floor. Mrs. Junes, the mother of the late
unfortunate Mary Ann Jones who committed suicide, was confined
there for some doss and nights together without her clothes, they
being taken from her by the authorities, and also beaten nut the
body with great violence, there being black marks and bruises about
her arms, which she showed to me and others who were with me.
This cruelty is almost enough to drive any person to resort to acts of
suicide, or even anything. There is now confined in the oakum room
a person of the name of John Buckingham, who reports that the
directors have swindled him out of his money, which ennotantly is
preying on hi+ mind, together with the close confinement and•r which
he 15 now ouffeting, which causes him repeatedly to talk of destroy-
ing hitneelf. Sir, I am ready and willing at any time to tame
forward and bring with me a number of WitllC.lo6 if required
to prove everything which I hare here inserted, and I have to all that
if I was to mentton all the cruelties and charges thot the St. Pancris
authorities are guilty of and accountable for, I should fill a whole
, ire of paper. Sir, there is no reason for us be confined here only
{or„-,plying for relief. A vote of thanks is due to Dr. Cooper for the
.
wad u•eatment and respect he has towards the poor in the house. I
and mtv brother have been ill and under the Care of Dr. Cooper fur
sine time, and were always treated with great dare awl kitidneltt.
Thjs is the gocral reply of most of the inmates who have been under

his care. Mr, 1 have not roam for more at present, and remain, your
obedient servant, linnor J•KLS.
"1..8. I mint IleMbs my something concerning the forst, whi Olio of a
most inferior quality. The meat is to hard and tough that it is wins diffi-
culty we chew it. The gruel and broth we seldom or ever use; as
there are three broth days in the week, and we can't make use of the
broth, we have three days to dine upon four ounces of dry bread
alone. 1 myself have often bean kept fourteen days he Mr. Lee, the
master, without meat, which caused me to live for fourteen dam
cessively en nothing but dry bread. Our shed was this day sashed by
some of the directors, among wheal: was a Mr. Wills, a stonemason.
• in the New-mad. That rtenileman reeouunends that we should
ask the committhe for threepence to buy brooms, to go and sweep
crossings; but we are never allowed to go and ace the committee
at all, sir."
The reading of this letter created a powerful sensation.—
Mr. Howarth said the letter was a tissue of falsehood, and he
did not believe a single word init.—ln the end the amendment
was negatived by a majority of five, and Mr. iiowarth's
motion adopted.
TILE TRUE PLAN OF REFORMING JUVENILE OF-
PEN nEns.—Mr. Serjeant Adams, in his charge at the opening
of the Middlesex Sessions, alluded to a most interesting re-
port respecting the treatment of juvenile offen.lers in War-
wick. It was printed fur the usa of the Middlesex Magis-
trates, in order to confirm them in their belief, that a prison
was not a place calculated to reform juvenile otrenders.
"About 30 years bock the Magistrates of Warwick had their atten-
tion called to the fart that children were frequently made the instru-
incubi of designing thieve to enable them to commit robberies with
impunity, and that that course of robbery was increasing to a very
great extent. This system of robberies increased for some time, until
the magistrates found that when a boy was punished for stealing and
sent to a felon's gaol, he was, at the expiration of the tern of Imprison-
ment, a confirmed thief. To prevent this, a plan was adapted by
them, which was carried out and suceeesicd irmakerfully. It was this:
a farm house sin, purchased at the sole expense of the ina•istrates,
voluntary contributions were afterwards received and band bought. A
system was then adopted by all the maxistnites of that county, when
• boy was brought before them and convicted, instead of sentencing
them to a term of imprisonment in the county plot, they were b-ound
to the magistrates for lift7-one weeks, and sent to wart as farm
labourers at the magistrates farm, which was Conducted In the itl4lllller
of a well-regulated family. It was true that the hove had every
opportunity of escape, but they knew that they would be pursued and
taken, and knowing tint to be the ease, an coupe was very seldom st-
tempted, indeed, ooseldom, that it was not worthy of mention; idled to
which they were treated as children, and though made to work, and
kept strictly in order, yet they had their hours of recreation, and
were comp iratively too happy to think of escaping, when they a o old
be set at liberty at the end of their term of apprentireship, and would
then either be apprenticod to some other business, or put in a way of
getting an honest livelihood, If eso inclined. The magistrates had the
sone power over theta as masters have over apprentices and servants,
and appointed a master to conduct the term, the effect of which was
that in nine raw, thirty-nine prisoners were reformed which the
magistrates were around of, as they heard constantly of them, in
some UM", until they were either married, in respectable situations,
or were dead—in the latter ease having tilled respectable situations
while alive, but in all cases being effectually reformed. On
the other bawl there were thirty-eight boys who were
afterwards punished, and being naturally inclined to stealing were
afterwards true-ported. There were 71 boys, and it was shown that
more titan half viers reformed during the last ten years Mr. Joseph
Johnson had held the situation of tarn-minter, and during that penal
142 had been under him, out of which numbers Jn had been reformed

umier la years of age, and 32 above that age. This ”steni showed
the inutility of aratencing children to military coiitioement, and
punishing them as grown-up persons, instead of try...ding them as
children who required correction.
A similar mode of reforming juvenile delinquents has been
adopted is France, and was set on foot by a benevolent private
gentleman, named Lecomte, who has devoted his large estate,
near Rouen, called Chartreux, to the purpose. The neigh-
bouring prefects send the condemned children to his agricul.
tural penitentiary, instead of to gaol. M. Lecomte superin-
tends the reformation of boys, and his wife that of girls.
Their establishment has been completely successful.
Ex r Loslos OF Ft REWORKS.—Vesterday forenoon
a fearful explo.ion occurred upon the premises of Mr. Ed-
ward Deal, No. 2, in Sidney-street, Poplar. Mr. Deal was
preparing a quantity of combustible matter used in the ma-
nufacture of fireworks, when the whole of the composition
exploded, setting the shop on fire and demolishing between
40 and 50 squares of glass. Mr. Ikel was knocked down, his
clothes set on fire, and the fie-h in some parts torn from his
arms. The engines of the paridi and School-house-lane,
Shadwell, promptly attended, and the fire was speedily ex-
tinguished. The cause of the explosion could not be learned.
IititGLARY.—FEMALE HEROISM.—The house of

Mr. Preston, No. 7, Pulborough terrace, Harleyford-road,
Kennington, was lett in charge of a female relative of that
gentleman, he being on the Continent, and besides herself
there were two children and a female servant in the house.
About one o'clock on Tuesday morning, the servant was
awoke by a noise down stairs. She instantly got up, dressed,
and gallantly marched down stairs with a candle in one
hand, and an old sword belonging to her master in the other.
On reaching her master's bedroom, she saw a man coming
out of it. She immediately struck him wigs the sword; the
fellow stumbled, his hat fell off, and, without waiting to pick
it up, he rushed down stairs, and managed to make his
escape. An alarm was given, and the police admitted into
the house, and it was then found that a quantity of massive
piste, wearing apparel, and other valuable property, were
tied up, and ready to be carried away by the burglar. In
the hat was fauna no less than four watches, three of them
gold, and of considerable value, a great variety of jewellery,
and purses containing ancient coin, &c., which the burglar
had collected from the different depositories in the bedroom,
and which he had placed in his bat.
ESTS.—DEATII IItoNIENCF.SSIVE DRINKING.--
Yesterday, by Mr. W. Baker, at the l'riocess Alice,
Murray-street, New N firth-road, on the body of Ann Jewell,
late of 32, Allerton-street.—Sarah Bordeaux stated that she
waa servant to the deceased for the last week, during which
time she had been chiefly confined to her bed, and had
drunk on an average ten quarterns of brandy daily, awl on
Saturday she had fourteen quarterns, and half a pint was
pnrchased for Sunday. which she drank on that day in the
afternoon. The little girl, on going to see her, found her
dead. The surgeon attributed death to diarrira, accelerated
by excessive drinking. Verdict recorded accordingly.— -
Si Kama—By Mr. W. Baker, coroner, at the Duke of Sus-
sex, Haggerstone, on the body of Rebecca Levine, aged
17 years. John Pope deposed, that on Sunday evening last,
about half-past seven o'clock, he was passing along the tow-
ing path of the Regent's Canal, near the Queen's-bridge,
Ilaggerstone, when he found a bonnet aid shawl, aad with
them a piece of paper addressed to Mn'. Lepine, No. 2, Pear
Tree-court, Shoreditch. He raised an alarm, and after two
hours' searching, the body of the deceased was recovered.
There was a black silk handkerchief twisted round her eyes.
James Lepine, a younger brother of the deceased, stated
that on Sunday morning last, hi. sister quarreled with her
parents, in consequence of their refusing to purchase a pair
of boats fur her. She left the Louie crjing, and about one
o'clock in the afternoon he again met her at the top of the
court. She appearcal very much distressed, and gave witness
a shilling and a small smelling bottle. She .aid he was to
take them home to her mother, and tell her that she was to
keep them as a remembrance. She was never seen alive
afterwards. The jury returned a verdict of " Found drowned."
RELIEF TO THE Intsll.—Sir,-1 daily ace in your
paper accounts of the great distress of the poor in Ireland,
and yet no immediate relief is given to the starving people.
Surely, if you or some influential person would commence a
subscription in their behalf, many thousands of pounds
sterling would be suhs:rilwd, not by the wealthy only, hut
by the middling and lower class of people, wits would, I
am sure, not begrudge a few shillings, or even one, to assist
them in their present emergency. Should that not be
feasible, her Majesty's ministers might advise our sovereign
to issue a proclamation, commanding charity sermons to I.e
preached in every church and chapel throughout Great
Britain, and *he amount given at the. termination of those
sermons (which, I doubt not, would be very great), might
be placed in the hands of government for the immediate
relief of those most in need of fund.---1 am. Sir, your obe-
dient servant, T. A. S.—Dawlish, Sept. 23, 1810.
ACCIDENT ON TIIE. GREAT WESTERN RAILWAY.—
Sir,—When accidents have occurred on the railways, I have
observed universally that great endeavours hare been made
to fasten the blame on some one of the company's employes,
usually the engine-driver. You have now favoured the
public with a long article imputing " that the late dreadful
accident at Farringdon-road was caused through the negli•
genre of the engine•driver, in stopping the speed of his
engine without giving notice to the guard to apply the
breaks to the carriages, whereby the train ran into the
tender." Now, observe' The facts are these in evidence:
The steam was cut off some time before the accident
eccurrecl, and the train was approaching the station at a very
slow rate. The engine brake away from the tender. The
van was off the rails, and the following carriage forced
against it so as to throw it upwards. The question is, "Did
the train run upon the engine in consequence of the engine
having been suddenly checked without a corresponding
cheelehaving been given to the train: or did the engine
break away from the train in consequence of the van being
thrown off' the line and stopping the train ?" The first
question cannot be answered in the affirmative. If the train
ran on the engine, the train must have been proceeding
with some speed ; but it was going very slowly, and the
engine had not been stopped. Secondly, It would have
occurred when the speed of the engine was first checked,
and the train was moving fast; not when it was proceeding
very slowly. Thirdly, If the train, moving slowly, had
impinged on the engine, it would not, by the laws of motion,
have been driven off, as occurred in this case—the engine,
being a very heavy body. would not be driven off like a
football from a train coming slowly upon it. The train
would have been tumbled upon the engine, for it appears
that the crush was not occasioned by a quick impingement of
the carriage on the van, but by the force of heavy pressure,
the van being nearly fixed. 4th. The breaking away of the
engine from the tender would quite account for the driver
being thrown backward, and for the fire-flashing observed
by the superintendent. Wherefore you are wrong in attri-
buting the accident to the enginsAriver having too suddenly ,
stopped his engine ; it was not and could not have been
caused by the train, when. moving slowly, running into the
tender; but a light four-wheeled van, being between two
heavy strains, was jerked off the line, and became partly
fixed, then the engine broke away from the heavy drag
behind it : and the van and light second-class carriage were
crushed in resisting the momentum of the train. The safety
of the public is much compromised when these accidents arc
attributed to a wrong cause, wherefore I must protest
against your making the poor engine-driver the scapegoat
upon this occasion.—l remain, your obedient servant, JOBS
THOMAS AUBTEN.—Aldworthp Reading, Sept. 28.
(Neither on this nor on other occasions have we endea-
voured to screen a railway company by throwing blame on
the employ Os. Indeed, in this very case we expressly stated
that great part of the blame rested with the managers.
Our correspondent, in his argument to exonerate the engine.
driver, omits to notice that the leather on the buffers of the
tender were cut across had the engine broke away from the
train, that could not have been the case. Mr. Bush said, at
the inquest, "the fore pelt of the van bore plain proofs that
it had run into the tender."—En. D. N.]

DELAYS ON TIIE GREAT WESYER.N.—Sir : I was
a traveller, with a part of my family, by the Great Western
Railway yesterday, on a visit t) Maidenhead. We took
day tickets, and arranged to return by the last train, at half-
past nine o'clock, which should reach Paddington at half-
past ten, so that we expected to have been home here about
eleven o'clock. The train, however, did not reach Pad-
dington until atter midnight, sad wo did not get home until

one o'clock in the morning, where we found the rest of the
family iu • state •.fgreat alarm and anxiety for our safety.
We inquired at Paddington of the ticket-collector the cause
of the delay; he said he did not know. We could get no
satisfactory account of the causes of delay from:any of the
officers of the railway. The goods train was due at Slough
some time ere we reached there. I expected every moment
while we were slowly moving along. that it would run into
us and produce a frightful concussion. It did reach Pad-
dington station only a few minutes after us. If it had been
to its time, who can tell how many lives might have been
sacrificed ? Now, air, the railway companies have their
remedy, and severe enough it is, and often enough do the 7
use it, against any traveller who may infringe any of their
code of laws. Ought there not also to be some remedy for
the traveller when they break their contract with him ?
I am, sir, your most obedient servant, o.ll.—Notting-hill,
Sept. 29.
WRECK OP THE GREAT BRITAIN.—We have been
favoured with the following very interesting extract of a
letter from a young lady, passenger in the Great Britain, to
her friend in London. The accounts of this casualty that
had hitherto appeared, hardly prepared us for such a descrip-
tion of the scene

" Liverpool, Sept. s_6.—We here indeed been in fearful peril. The
newapapens by no means represent the extent of the danger. The
Map struck the rocks at In o'clock ' • I had just gone to my state_
room, au.l the instant I felt the shuck I knew something was the
muter. In a niomeuttbere was a aeored shock. and all was confusion.
Men and warren rushed out; the latter from their berths, sad some
threw themselves into the arena of strangers. We could with ddli-
culty stand. Mr. —'s first words to me were, • I think there w ill
be no kiss of life, but the ship is gone.' • I think there will be no
boa of life!' what fearful won'ss in a tiara night, the rain falling, with
wind' There was possibility, chance of It, then. Oh, I sinnot tell
you of the anguish of that night : The sea broke over the ship ; the
Ir4Ve• struck her like tbunchne:aps; the gravel grated below. There
was the throwing overboard of the cords ; there were the cries of
children, the grains of women, the blue lights, t e signal guns, even
the tears of men ; and amidst all rose the voice of prayer—and this
far long dark hours: Oh, what a fearful night! Thy mercy, ()God,
alone waved us from destruction. The day dawned, and we lay be-
tween two long lodges of rock, while another stretched across our
front. Five hundred cards to the rixht or left, two hundred yards in
advance, and the ship had been dashnl to pieces. Three hundred
persons had perhaps ken ram in that dense darkness amid the breakers'
cannot tht's of that night without tears; but I feel, and I gratefully
acknowlesi.v, that the hand of an MI-merciful Providence was stretched
out to mutest. and ease us. Owl grant fl sat I May never for4et either
the night or the merry You cannot imagine such a scene. We
cannot account for the accident, but the conslnet of Captain Hoskins
through the night was admirable. The newspapers say that the ladies
went to bed ; some of them, at t!ce captain's urgent Inquest, lay down
in their dresses. Towards morning I did, in my clo di, upon the fluor,
and covered with a blanket brought me by n passenger. At dawn we
were lowered over the ship's aide, and carried on shore in carts of
ass-weed manure. We walked throuab an Irish hog; and Mrs
and I lay down upon the ;wooden; door of an Irish cabin, where we
found • plenty of bread, some bacon, and divided an egg among three.
With much fatigue we Clime on to Belfast and LiverpooL Mr. ____
wr, at one time 24 hours without eating or sleeping. There was an
efficient coast-guard; but at or time the Irish assembled in sal,
numbers, thit we feared o. riat. To my astonishment and gratitude,
all the luggage was saved. We arrived at Liverpool warn out; now
we are better."

THE POTATO BLIGHT.—To Lola) JOHN Ws:sail.
—My Lord,—The object of this letter is not political, but
to give you an opportunity of making known, to an extent
that I have no power of doing, the method by which I have
saved all those potatoes that I found good, amounting to
about half the crop. Believing this blight to have been
caused, like the disease that has been su general among our
owu species in producing such au unaccountable prostration
of the nervous system, by some modification of the electric
fluid, which it is of no consequence at present to speculate
about, I determined upon the first digging of my potatoes,
more than a fortnight ago, to protect the good ones in the
same manner that protect (at the risk even of being called
a Protectionist) the beer in my cellar, namely, by insulating
them. This I did by putting them into sack. and hampers,
and these upon stillious, the legs of a hick had been charred,
so as to he a non-conductor, and thereby cut oft the elec-
tricity of the earth. This 'Whoa was then placed in a dark
cellar, the temperature of which was under GO deg. At the
end of ten days the potatoes were examined in the pnachce
of some respectable Hertfordshire fanners and gardeners,
and compared with those dug up at the same time from the
same bid, and kept in the usual way: not ouc of those
that had been insulated was bad, whereas hardly
one of those that had not been insulated was good.
As I am breathing the air that Bacon breathed, it would have
been inexcusable not to have tried other experiments. Ac-
cordingly, I buried some of the good potatoes in charcoal
powder in an op en shed, without any regard to temperature
or anything else : not_ one of these has become bad, while
every cne of those dug at the same time from the same bed
has become bad. Then with regard to those in the ground,
as it was impossible to insulate them, I had all the green and
withered tops cut off close to the earth, the ground about
the potatoes stirred with a fork, and then the tops of the
ridges covered with charcoal powder. This 1 did upon
another principle; and all I can say about it is that not more
bad ones, if so many, were found as were found ten days
before in the same bed, which were now "lying dead," but
not " scentless ;" and it was the opinion of the pradcal men
that if the charcoal powder had bten applied at the first
appeirancc of the blight, it might have saved much of the
crop. Inasmuch as it would be an excellent manure for on
future crop, the farmers all determined to treat them as 1
had treated mine, and where charcoal is not at hand, and the
quantity. of potatoes compels them to use pt.', to have those
surrounued as much as possible with charred turf. My
name can add ns weight to this communication; but
I subscribe myself as having had the honour to be
the intimate friend and counsel of that admirable man,
great genius, and meritorious inventor, your lordship's
old tutor, the Hey. Edmund Cartwright, and now 1 am
your humble servant, A Itaaluen
Since the above experiments were made, indeed since
this letter was written, I has e read an admirable letter of
Dr. Murray, of Dublin, to the editor of the Nation, attri-
buting this blight to electricity. It is curious, that about
seven or eight years ago, I sent a hamper s.f potatoes, grown
upon my land, within a few miles of Osborne-house,
to my son, then in St. Helena, by whom I was informed
that they were in the greatest request for planting in that
island. Now here, we are inturmeal, this blight first
appeared. This confirms my theory : out because the
potatoes came from the Isle of Wight, but because the
disease came with the magnetic current from the cast. I
published the same notion with respect to the cholera in 1832.
Dr. Buckland's suggestion of burning the tops of the
potatoes on the ground comes very nearly to my sugges-
tion; but whether for the same reasm or not I do not
know.—Heath Lodge, St. Alban's, Sept. 24,1848.
" COLLIERY STRIKES."—SIR : In your paper of
the 2ith instant, I observed a communication on this subject
from a correspondent in Weardale, the purport of which, so
far as I can make out, is to exculpate the Primitive Method-
ists from the sufficiently notorious charge of having taken
part in the late strike against the coal owners, siding with
the lawless and violent, and invoking the bit wing of Heaven
on the issue of the strike. He says, Your unjust insinua-
tions respecting the r, gious pitmen "—i. e. ranters—" has '
tempted me to reply." The " unjust insinuations," it is
conceived, were contained in a statement which appeared in
your journal of the 12th inst., to the effect " that the pitmen
thronged the Primitive Methodists chapels, there to invoke
the blessing of heaven on the strike." Now, how does he
refute the charge ? In the bold and uncompromising tone
of an injured, maligned innocent ? Listen : Mr. Editor,
This statement is not quite in accordance with fact." And
he goes on to gay, " When this strike occurred I was labour-
ing in the Auckland district, which is the centre of a
large coal-field ; where we have • great number of
chapel., and I can assure you that not one of
them was ever thronged for the purpose you state." Inti-
mately acquainted with the services held in each of them,
having laboured 12 months or upwards in the district, the
number is so great, he cannot tell. And has he nothing
more to say in refutation of the charge ? Nothing. Then
the evidence in the Gosernment commissioners' report—the
general impartiality of which is remarkable—derived from
Wesleyans agents, and other reputable men at Hartley,
Seaton Delays', and many other places, remains untouched,
unimpeached, and fully establishes the truth of your state-
ment. To return to the Auckland distiiet. I will admit,
for the sake of argument, that which your correspondent
status to be true, quite true ; then, so far as this district is
concerned. it follows that your statement is false, quite false.
Does Mr. Eckersall say so ? No; he says "it is nut gttite in
accordance with fact." Wherefore this not quite., ' . Be-
cause it is well known to those who arc at all con-
versant with the system of the ranters, that the " prayer-
meetings" are most frequently held during the week,
in the houses of different members. Notice is given
on the Sunday from the pulpit, that prayer-
meetings will be held during the week, to commence at eight
each cis:Mag. On Monday at Brother Eckereall's, on Tues-
day at Brother So-and-So 's—generally there is one fur every
evening in the week. Now, your cot respondent knew this,
and probably knew how these meetings were conducted
during the late strike; therefore lie moss "not quite." One
remark more, and I shall conclude. - The writer of the letter
says, " It is well known that these movements in the strike
originated generally with the petty coal-pits, far removed
from the market, where the owners have not capital or facili-
ties to compete with their neighbours." Now the strike of
1841 originated with the pitmen of Thornley colliery, who
had been on strike some months previous to the general
strike, during which time they were supported by
subscriptions raised among the other collieries, with which
they also first employed that fellow from Bath as
their attorney. Notwithstanding which, many of them were
csmmitted to prison by the magistrates fur a hreac:i of the
" bond" entered into between the owners and themselves.
This attorney also helped several men at various other col-
lieries into a like scrape, exciting the men to dissatisfaction
with their work, and enmity to their employers. The conse-
quence of all this was the general strike. how the Thornley
colliery is a very extensive and a very valuable colliery. It
is carried on by a company of very wealthy gentlemen, at
whose head is Sir William Chaytor, Bart., of Clervaux
Castle, under the firm of the Thoraley Coal Company. The
resident manager is Thomas Wood, Esq. ; they have a large
coal wharf on the Thames ; they also employ a factor in Lon-
don, Richard Geddes, Esq., whose attention is solely con-
fined to the sale of the " Thornley Coals."—N. Q.—Sept. 28.
THE LATE THOMAS CLARKSON.

[For the materials of the following sketch we are
principally indebted to an able memoir in the Ipswich
Express.)
This illustrious philanthropist died at 4 o'c!ock on Sunday
morning last, at his residence, Playford.hall, near this town.
He had attained the age of 8G; but his spirit burned bright
to the last, and he ceased not to direct his thoughts to the
great question of the emancipation of the human race. He
was born at Wisbeach, in Cambridgeshire, onMarch 28th, 17G0.
In the year 1772, k negro named Somerset was arrested in
London by a man who claimed him as a runaway slave. Mr.
Granville Sharp brought the case before the Lord Mayor ;
and by the Lord Mayor's orders Somerset was diicharged
from the Poultry Compter, where he had been imprisoned.
The master, however, in defiance of the Lord Mayor, seized
the slave, and tore him away from Mr. Sharp. An action
was brought against the master for assault, and the case
being tried, it was finally referred to the twelve judges, who,

aft; r solemn argument, decided that as soon as a slave sets
foot ou English territory, he becomes free. This e:roum-
stance powerfully excited the youthful mind of Clarksou_ In
1769, and again in 1776, Mr. Sharp had published works
against &Avery: the controversy had been raised in Eag'.and
as early as 1729. In the year 1785, Dr. I'eckbard, the Vice-
chancellor of Cambridge, proposed the following question
to the senior bachelors of arts, as the subject of a
Latin prize dissertation—" Is it right to make slaves of
others againq their will I" At thu time, Clarkzan WAS
a senior bachelor in the University ; and having gained
a prize the previous year, he resolved to cater the lists
again as a competitor. While studying the gener.l ques-
tion of slavery for the purpose of the prize essay, the whole
iniquity of the negro slave trade burst upon his view. "It
is impossible," he remarked, in his History of Slavery, " to
imagine the severe anguish which the composition of this
essay cost me. All the pleasure I had promised myself
from the literary contest was exchanged fur pain, by the
astounding facto that were now continually before me. It
was one gloomy subject from morning tilt night. In the
day I was agitated and uneasy; in the night 1 1::l little
or no rest. I was so overwhelmed with gri .f, that I some-
times never closed my eyes during the whole night,
.and I
no longer regarded my essay as a mere trial for I,:crAry
di,diectien. My great desire was now to produce a work
that should call forth a vigorous public effort to redress the
wrongs of injured Africa." He came to London to make
inquiries, and to collect materials. Ho shortly produced
his celebrated essay " On the slavery and Cotumeresi of the
Human Species." Ho obtained the prize ; but the inferior
motives of the collegian were annihilated by the nobler pur-
poses of philanthropy. He made a vow of eternal enmity to
the slave trade, and to slavery in every form. " Heti.," rr
marks a writer in revi,..,wing this period of our national his-
tory, "here was a spectacle which men, according to their
feelings, would have caned sublime or absurd—a young stu-
dent of twenty-four, of narrow fortune, and almost unknown,
devoting himself to a work from which kings and senators
would have turned with dismay."
Wilberforce, one of the principal leaders in this great work,
who devoted all the energies of his puwemful mind to the
subject, did not enter the field until two >ears after 'flto:utui
Clarkson had taken a livAy interest in u,silition: Wilber-
force, however, when a boy of 14, had addressed is letter on
the subject to the editor of a Yurk paper, which was pub-
lished. . _ .

On the 22nd of May, 1787, a committee was forme4, con-
sisting of twelve gentlemen, of which the deceased was a
member. Their desire was, that the subject of slavery
should be brought before Parliament ; and, in order
to do that, the fullest information of the evils con-
nected with slavery was sought to be obtained, in addition
to the mass of evidence already it. their possession. To
obtain this, Mr. Clarkson proceeded to the ports of Lristol
and Liverpool, and successively visited Bridgewater, Mon-
mouth, Gloucester, Liverpool, Worcest, r, and Chester..
The planters and African traders en!umniated his character,
impugned his motives, and threatened to dismiss from their
service any one who dared to furnish him with information.
When the object of his visit had become known at Liver-
pool, attempts were made upon his valuable life, which
was, on more than one occasion, exposed to imminent dan-
ger, for he very narrowly escaped being pushed from the
pier-head by some persons who seemed determined to effect
his destruction. On the 9th of May, 1788, the abolition of
the slave trade was first made the scttitet of parliamentary
discussion. The discussion re.ulted in a motion that that
subject should be iavestii.,sateil in the ensuing session.
In 1789, Clarkson was called upon to go to France to pro-
mote the cause of abolition. After a residence of six mouths
there he returned to England, and travelled many thousand
miles in quest of persons who could give evidence before a
committee.

In 17a3, Mr. Clarkson's physical and mental powers pee
war ; the excitement had been intense; for seven years he
maintained a correspondence with four hundred persons, and
wrote u work annually for the cause. lle travelled upwards
of thirty-five thousand miles ill search of evidence' perform-
ing a great part of these journeys in the night. Not until
1807, utter twenty y ears' incessant toil, was the abolition of
the slave trade earned.

Mr. Clarkson now turned his attention to literature, and
his first work, the History of the Abolition of the Slave
Trade, 2 vols. Bvo., was published in a few months. He
afterwards published, " Thoughtson the neeessity of Alndish-
ing Slavery." " A l'ortraiture of Quakerism," 3 vols. Bvo.
Life of William l'enn," 2 vols. Bvo., &r., &c. These
pursuits never diverted his attention from the great cause to
which lie had devoted his life. In 18114, he invited to this
subject the attention of the Emperor of ltussia, and other d;s-
tinguished individuals met in Paris. Very late in lite he
publishe !u little work for the improvement of seamen.
Although the accumulated weight of upwards of four-
score years pressed heavily upon the shattered energies of
Clarkson, so lung as life and being lasted his great aaxicty
was ti do good. It was indeed a noble s ght to cuter his
apartmeht, and see this venerable man with vision im-
paired, and his once fine frame bow. .d down by the exertions
of added years, still engaged, under much physical buttering,
in ellbrts to lessen the sorrows of the human race. ill is last
momenta are worthily pourtrayed in a letter from the Rev.
W. W. Dickinson to Mr. Lord, which appeared in the GUN:
of last nigh'.:
" Probably you will have heard before lhi. tentimmiirat;on tan
reach you, that Mr. rlailison is no more. lie foul become ,ritooly
worse durum the last tree weeks, and tinnily took to his bed on
riattinlay wet*. Ills strength was much enf,bled prevluudy, but
till he wan driven to his bid he gave his mind to matters of public
gook Atkr he was laid on his lied I do not recilket that he enterwl
upon external mutters, but gave his I nisch to Inter, and
was unwilling to be Oaten opted in the prayerful mimeo( his thearlds
upon the future tin Thursday evening Mr. Clatiown 5u1,01.11 into
sleep or unconsciousneas, during ths continuance of which he did not
stir or speak. Os Friday evening he roused up with his physieal
lament moth valued, so that, us he mentioned some 4 his attentlains
by mune, he could not articulate his wishes for little fatter', to be done
for hog ea., and wiinfort. Ile new spoke with imploring look and with
agitated and el.:lied hands; he was, however, incapable of rereivirg
ct enjoyiug nay attentions; and thaw, after,:l fear, MIMIC ',uttering, he
ref:lifted into a calm alma tea betore his tit ath, and gently
breathed his lag about a quarter past duce to Saturday more Ong, in
the tiresome of his faintly, save his plaid/ion Thomas and nosh."
The gentleman who communicated this letterto the (iloot,
adds
It is sinitLir that the bet letter directed to him before his victor.
lure te or immedialy after, I forget which), was one from the Prime
Minister, acknowledging his paniphlet resomting the .0:011,11 Thu
seems to realise the comuion extorts...ion, ii)ing in harness. Along
letter accompanied the pamphlet, coneeetinl in much a Vidalehd— it was
his last letter.;

SEVENTH HUSSARS-COURT-MARTIAL ON

T, MATHEWSON.

Yesterday morning a district court-martial was
held at the barracks, Hounslow, on private Thomas Mathew-
son, of the 7th Hussars, who, it will he rernembercil, was
one of the witnesses on the inquest of White, the victim
of military flogging, on charms of insubordination, and
noisy, threatening, disgraceful, awl disgusting lation.,ge to
Lunce-Strjeant O'Donnell, his superior officer, while on
sentry.
The Court was composed of Lieut. Col. Smith, Royal
Horse Guards, (president); Captain U. C. W. Forester,
Royal Ilorte Guards ; Captain Mounsell ; Captain Morant ;
Lieut. lt. 11. Smith Barry ; Lieut. Sutton, and Lieut. 11.
Sutton; all of the 12th Lancers, the regiineut now stationed
at the barracks.

The proceedings having been opened with the usual forms
Lance-Serjeant Hobert O'Donnell, of the ith Hussar.,
was sworn, and deposed as follows :—I was serjeant of the
guard at Hampton Court barracks, on the 20th inst., at a
quarter past six in the evening, when private Thos. Mathew-
son, who was on sentry at the Trophy gate, threatened, with
disgusting oaths, to " break both your heads." I asked him
who he meant, and he answered, " You, and that other
(meaning Serjeant Jones). break both your heads
ter you."—Prisoner: I wish to ask the witness did be nut
first speak to me ? Answer : Nut when he (prisoner) was
on sentry.—Prisoner : Did he not tell me that I could not
have my sentry hours changed when oa sentry ?—Auswer
I told him a quarter of an hour before he spoke to me that
he could not have his sentry hours changed. —Prisoner: \Vas
he nut drinking at the canteen previous to his coining on
guard and afterwards ?
The Court ruled that that question would form part of the
defeace, and could not at present be put.
Prisoner: Does the witueas know that there is a regimental
order to tke effect that when • non-commissioned officer
visits a sentry on guard he shall be accompanied by a pri-
vate ?—Answcr I was not visiting the sentry at the time.
The President. You were not then on guard at the time?
—Answer: I was on guard, but not visitir.g the sentry at the
time. I was simply walking in the Trophy-gate.
Corporal Matthew R,uth, examined.—l was corporal o.
the guard on the 20th inst. at Hampton Court. I was stand-
ing near the Trophy-gate when the serjeant of the guard
(O'Donnell) came in. The prisouer was on sentry at the
gate. He turned round and spoke to the serjeant, but I was
not near enough to them to hear what was said. By his
manner he appeared to be speaking disre,pecdully to the
serjmult. That is all I know of the matter. Question by
prisoner : Did he not visit me while on sentry accompanied
by a man of the guard, and tell me that I could not have my
sentry hours changed ? —Answer : I received an order from
the acting regimental serlcant-mt.jor to take a man and
inform 'Mathewson that the commanding officer couN not
grant his request, and neither would he see him.—Prisoner .
Did the witness consider the serjeant sober at the time?—
The President said that questiou also would form part of
the defence.
The evidence having been read over, the ease for the pro-
secution closed.

The prisoner, in his defence, said : " Serjcant O'Donnell
came to me while I was on sentry, and told me that I could
neither have my sentry hours changed nor be relieved. I
replied, ' I am very sorry, as my brother-in-law has jolt
arrived from the East Indies, and I wanted to see him.' He
then called Corporal Mouth, and said something to him
which I did not hear, and then went away. The convene-
tion between me and the serjeant, which the corporal says he
was not near enough to hear, is that to which I have referred.
Nothing more occurred between me and Scrjeant O'Donnell.
The charge Serjeant O'Donnell has brought against me is
unfounded, and contains not one word of truth. I wish also
to state that Serjeant O'Donnell was drinking in the canteen
before he went on guard, and afterwards, and that he told pri-
vate Hutchins that he might post himself on my sentry, for
he should not."
The President observed that private Hutchins should have
been brought forward as a witness.
The prisoner said : Hutchins marched with the regiment,
as have several others who were on guard at the time, and
might have spoken for him. Serjeant O'Donnell was nut
sober at the time, and when he came to the guard at night
he lay down on the floor of the guard-room, and to all ap-
pearance was quite drunk.
In answer to questions from the President, the prisoner
said, I have no witnesses, all the men who were on guard at
the time are gone away with the regiment. I did not apply
to the commanding-officer to have the men who might have
been witneases fur me detained, because I supposed the ser-
jeant would have told the truth when he came here.
The court was then cleared ; but in a few minutes it was
re-opened, and Corporal Mouth was recalled and asked by
the President : In what state do on consider Lance-serjeant

,

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