The Express.
London, England, 1849-10-03 00:00:00

Vu
Oyprtols.

OUTGOING MAILS.
The wails for Niedelre, the Bees* sad Berm Ayres,
will be made up toraserew mei& Oat. 4.
The nails gee DMA North Amelia and the United
Butes will be weds up en the swain dOet. 5.
The mails he Ploy Owes, Lists, Medals', Cad* and
Gibraltar, wUI be wade up wad. 7. •
The mails, iris ißwmdiw, Is the liellierreasaa.
Crykrujadis, HairlLoag, La will be amok up tat
11•4101/18 of Weston 8.
The Word India Neils, =dales Bermuda, Smoak
Num, Hendures, New Odessa, sad Menke, wad iaetedian
thaw tie Madeira, Bt. Jean-de-Niearewea, Nor asimida,
Chili, sod Peru, will be wads up es Ost. 17.
The wane he Gibraltar, Mahn, Geseser the balsa
Bvpt. Ceylon, India, sad China, win lissebewpess.ld%
be nude up on the morning of Ow. N.

WON NATICK AT LONDON =IBM
Twe I)22—Nerales,
aa. =it Zit
Tainsaire—Napdag, Sk. e

LONDON, TPADNEEIDAY, OCTOBER 3.

TEE Heine Government must really give up the
practice and the idea of saddling lords upon the colo-
nies. Colonial wealth, colonial prospect*, colonial
requirements, are no longer what they were. The
days of patronage and protection are gone. The pub-
lic at home will no longer endure to be taxed in order
'that their fellow-sountrymen abroad may be able to
carry on eager cultivation with capital borrowed
at thirty per cent. To wring pence oat
of the working Englishman in order that the
Colonial planter may have pounds, is no longer to be
thought of. But if so, neither is it to be thought
of to wring pounds out of planters to pay aristocratic
officials.
The jugglery of overwhelming taxation is success-
fully carried on at home, chiefly b.cause the sources
of wealth are so various and so hidden, so difficult to
ascertain or to compute. The quantity of produce
and manufactures consumed at home escapee the eye
of any cursory calculator of donnutie wealth. So
that the immense per centage paid by Englishmen
upon theirroperty.or their earnings is, fortunately
for the national patience, though not for its economy,
a dim and doubtful mystery.
It is not so in our colonies; at least, not so in cur
West India settlements, from whence almost all pro-
duce is exported, and to which almost all necessaries
of life are imported. So that by a glance at their
annual imports and exports, their increase or deems*,
the colonists can tell to almost a fraction the
disposable revenue of the year, whether that
revenue replaces capital, and is a profit at all, or
whether the wealth and sinews of the country are
oozing out of it without return or reparation of
strength. Of course, with this appreciation of the
wealth of the colony, and its annual return, is inevi-
tably coupled its annual taxation and expenditure.
Auden. does not read a column of the colonial press,
or a speech in its legislature, without finding In both
of them the proportionate per centage which taxation
bears to importsand exports, and consequently to the
wealth, or at least the assets of the colony.
How is it to be supposed that these colonies should
fled their exports, their available wealth and revenue,
reduced by two-thirds, and should not at the earns
time object to paying the same per centage of taxa-
tion in adversity which they paid in prosperity P In
fact, the rules of common sense and probability would
be reversed, if we did not find the representatives of
Jamaica and Demerara doing precisely what they
are doing. They insist on retrenchment. We do nut
think the system and graduation of retrenchment in
mimics, which they propose, the most equitable or
wise. Bat are there not monstrous abuses.? Why
should a judge have a higher salary than the governor.
himself ? The officials say, let a new appointment be
awaited, ere reduction be applied. Bat the Jamaica
Assembly passed bills to this effect, in 1818 and 1817,
which were dropped and extinguished by the
Council.

It is evident that peace cannot be restored in our
colonies without a general compromise, a completely
new ayatcm ; and it is to be regretted that the Cole-
nial-otfice, instead of looking this necessity in the
face, stands stock still, and awaits until discontent
like a momentary effervescence, should pus away,
This is a blind and a fatal pulley. It may be true
that in many cases the resistance of the assemblies
is infitiene.d les,' by love of economy than by a desire
to embarrass. This is a crime, however, which is
but the fair law of every parliament, and which has
bun perpetrated 11 every patriot. It may Do that the
real am of the resistance party in the colonies is a chi-
met ical and unattainable one. The best way would be
to assure them and convince them of this, and at the
aims time to yield to their just demands of
economy. If the planters want to repablicanise,
and enjoy cheap government, let them. For we may
depend upon it, that to coerce them will have bat the
effect of republicanningthem still more.
The planters of Jamaica and of Demerara, It must
be admitted, are in a most dieorganisel state of
mind. They even refuse capital when offered to
them, and turn from it, as the sick horse from his
oats. This is the worst of signs. And the remedies
they wave are impracticable. Enforce the treaties in
prevention of the slave trade, re-enact the edicts aigainat
slave-grown sugar. What the planters ask is that
the English parliament should repeal Magna Charts,
just as a Canadian clique would have the Family Com-
pact restored, or, as Lord RODEN dreams, that the
political days and Orange sacennancy of his youth are
to come back again.
And the West Indians are so fir right in thrilr in-
junctions to us to enforce treaties. For with regard
to the slave trade there have evidently been for some
time but two alternatives—either to let it alone, or
concentrate and exhaust the best energies of England
to crash it. Declare war against the two nations
practising the slave trade ; consider all caught in the
perpetration of it as pirates and hang them • blow
Spain out of the water, and take Cuba from her,
and send a fiat of thirty sail to blockade and bom-
bard the coast of Brea Having failed to reduce
the petty. tyrant of Buenos Ayres, perhaps we shall
find it came to reduce au empire not confined to one
port, but extending over half a continent.
No sans person could propose such a war, which
would drag on other wars, cost hundreds of millions,
and fail of its purposes alter all. Yet a medium be-
tween this war end an abandonment of useless efforts
there is mono. Half measures are as expensive as
futile, and would serve neither the West Indies
nor as. _ _ _

If the West Indians cannot save themselves by
cheap labour, cheap capital, and light taxation—and
they have a right to all these—saved they cannot be.
Foe England cannot make war on white nations out
of humanity to black ones. As to capital, better
give it to Ireland and to Jamaica than to Austria, if
MTand security can be got to go hand in
for its employment. As to labour, immigrants
have sue* eded in many islands, though unfortunately
the wealthiest have least known how to profit by them.
With respect to Jamaici, white immigration would
for it be the must valuable, even a white immigra-
tion that would have nothing to do with sugar.
Jamaica should have, what alone can make it •
secure and prosperous colony, a really native and not
• negro race, attached to the island for itself, con-
tented with those gains that know no money-lenders,
and with only those political and social wants that
do not require protection to exist—that need not seek
to reriir the ills of mercantile failure by political elis-
effeetton.

A &TRIM° and suggestive article on the Agri-
cultural and Commercial Condition of Ireland appears
in the October number of the Dublin University
Magasine. The scope of the article is limited chiefly
to an analysis of that condition u indicated by the
gradual but great diminution of the circulating
medium—whether metallic or paper—daring the lan
three years; and the aim of the writer seems to be
rather to fix attention upon the importance of the
foot, and of what it industrially.implie,, than to ven-
tilate my novel theory regarding currency, or any
explo&d nostrums of protection for undeveloped agri-
culture or trade.
The cardinal fact stated in the article lief 're BE is
this, that whereu at the befginning of 1817 the total
Lanes of all the banks in Ireland amounted to
7,516,4141, against a ram in gold and silver hellion
of 2,608,012 L, the total ism of bank notes has
fallen by umvoted steps to the present time, when
it does not exceed 3,833,0724 against an amount in
bullion of tot mere than 1,687,7781. In other word.,
the entire ci•ea'atlen of the c:nntry has b come gra-
dually contracted to just ono-half its natural extent,
while the gold and silver cola which Sir ROBERT
PEEet3 Irish Banking Act of 1813 compels thevarions

43
For the Pear Weeks add N otes
endd Notes uTo tal Woe
render of ell
upwards. SS. the Bloke.
£ E
1111 kissary. 3.111 .....„„„ 3,151,117 4,384,193 7,8166,
,414
Nib jeseury .. .....„ , 4161,701 4,097,792 7,280,433
$E2b .. .....„„.„ „ 41.10,1121 2,671,834 7,932,033
2,124516 3.281,218 6,701,736
, soft Aim • ..,..., 4161,463 2,387,766 41;611,04
112 id dry „2.192,313 2,932,303 8,419,420
19th Jess PI
17th July ~
141.12Ebir 0
Ilth te
90i
Oh Weedlike 7, ......
4211D69am9ir
I 116 Jawsiiry, 181,, 8 .
2129 kora ~
Ise, Maw, , ....... ..
NO Wink „
93911 p!! ~
Nth if 0
lab Jowl H
Ilikh Zoe n
n
2,863,374 1,949,729 4,312,224
119 =bit
2,297,583 2,903,1833 4,306,421
99 Illeimber ::
291 Dessabar
162 h Demainr ,
_..
27th lordery,l2o9 ".."
. 2,303,287 2,371,148 4,67;739
2lth lekevery 0
24th Mimi n
Met Aprl PP
19th My n
11121 k Jae ~
14th Jul, 0
11th Admit „ 2,109,704 1,723,367 3,224072

It is almost unnecessary to observe that of the
accuracy of these figures there can be no doubt,
as they are, in point of feet, transcribed from
the monthly notices published in'the Dublin Gazette
in accordance wish the provisions of the a.t al-
reedy alluded M.
Equally curious and indicative of the terrible pro.
tration of commercial and agricultural energy are the
details respecting the diminution of sold and silver
held by the Bank of Ireland and its subordinate
rival.. On the 3rd January, 1847, the gold so held
amounted to 2,264,2681. • on the 11th August, 1819,
it was not above 1,046,061.—a diminution of more
than a halL On the other hand, we find during the
same period an accumulation of silver coin going on.
On the 3rd January, 1817, it was but 343,7421.,
while oa the 11:h August it amounted to 641,7081.
The apparently contrary action with regard to gold
and silver may be explained by a reference to two main
causes—the comparative cessation of money wages
and the enormous efflux of capital in small sums by
emigration. The farmer, whose enterprize was pare-
, sod by the prospect of limitless poor-rates and
inm•carlt7 of possession, required fewer half-erowns
and shillings each succeed,ng Saturday night to pay
his labourer,. The fugitive from famine and mis-
rule, who had made up his mind to turn his little
all into money, sought for gold to take with him to
America; and so on in every grade of panio and
prostration. As for notes, there was daily less and
less demand for them. The agriculturist had
little to sell, and little to buy. The trader
dared not to lay in stock, as of yore, and
consequently gave fewer and smaller acceptances to
the wholesale merchant, whose discounts in their turn
no longer absorbed the former amount of bank paper;
and, finally, the banks having cowparatively trifling
issues to make, were content to allow their dock of
gold to ran down, ar.d only lamented their inability
to relieve them,elves of an increasing load of motion-
less silver.

h is fairly suggested by the writer in the University
Magazine teat the way in which parsons at this side of
the Channel may most readily be made to realise the
full meaning of ilia industrial collapse thus indicated,
is by endeavouring to imagine what the condition of
England would be, were the circulation to tall month
after month at a similar rate, until within the space
of two years and a half it had dwindled down to one
halt of what it previously had been. Conceive the
number of hands out of employment, the number of
shops deserted, the number of properties rendered
at once ruinously cheap, yet wholly unsaleable,
which such a net result of depression and depreciation
implies :—and then conceive the feelings, if you can,
of a people who, eon/minus of the rapid charge thus
going ma in their condition, sic no prospect of tangible
or substantial improvement, no hope that this
drain of their country's life-blood will be staunched.
The attention of parliament was called to this im.
portant subject early last session by Mr. M'Cumeon,
who, in the course of one of the discussions that took
piece upon the rate in aid, stated the extent to which
this lamentable symptom of industrial decline was than
observable. Subsequent eventshave but too fatally con-
firmed the impression that the disease had not been
checked; and how much farther it may spread ere
the economic crisis is reached, the sad experience we
have hitherto had of Treasury balsam and Downing-
street " composing draughts " enables us not to sur-
mise. It must be freely owned that since the present
political physicians of the state were called in, no one
vigorous effort has been made to rally the
tune cf the social system, or to impart
new energy to the frame. Of depletion and
repression there has been enough. Whole districts
have been suffered to become absolutely depopulated,
vet is their ccndition found to be worse than ever.
Measures of repression, both general and local, have
been in varied forms resorted to ; yet party strife and
prcedial crime flourish as banefully as ever. No
new direction has been given to the po-
pular mind ; no new aspiration has been
planted in the popular heart: agricultural
improvement still lacks agricultural security for the
enjoyment of the fruits of its toil. After three years'
tenure of office, the promises made by Lord Jonfr
Rumen!. while in opposition are still unredeemed—
not with respect to sectarian and political reforms
merely, but licewiso with respect to thaw which
eminently affect the economic plight of Ireland. How
much more desperate must the condition of the patient
become, ere anything effectual be tried ?

SPAIN.

MADRID. 6 arr. 25.

Much sensation has been excittd in Madrid by a
Cearlist manifesto, published in the Esperanza in
French and Spanish, and " in the name of fourteen
millions of Spaniards." The document, which is
directed to his Imperial Majesty the Emperor of all
the Russian, begins by congratulating him on hissing
saved the north from *evolution ; and begs him, now
that his attention must be more free, to turn his eyes
to the fourteen millions here, who, since the year
11t30, consider him as the best ally of their sovereign,
who has always expected his help. It calls on the
Emperor to form a coalition with the northern
powers, to at an end to the revolution in France,
and establish legitimacy there again, and to begin his
work by taking possession of the keys of the Black
Sea, in spite of England or Lord Palmersten.
That by neglecting this opportunity, his Majesty
runs a risk .of seeing parliamentary government in
St. Petersburg, that he has the same right to inter-
fere in France as in Ilaogary. This document,
which is very lengthy, and, like all Spanish papers,
abounds in sesguip: dal wards, is said to be the work
of a famous preacher here, whom the court has neg-
lected to buy over, as it has done many others. In
fact, any one who goes to visit the palace, will be
surprised at the number cf priests strutting about the
corridors, with chivalric decorations on their sur-
plices, for Isabella has knighted every ecclesiastic
whose functions call him to the royal residence. It
is ecid that the Spanish clergy think of meeting in
council, as those of France, and without asking per-
mission of the authorities. Narvaez, however, is a
very different kind of person from Louis Napoleon,
and would soon convince the ministers of religion
that they are no lonzer masters in Spain.
The assassios of. Joseph Galli& have been executed
at Mataro, as 'anticipated.

HAMBURG, firm U.

The passive resistance againtt the commission is
carried on to Schleswig. The commission will be
obliged to divMiu all civil alters and the Danish
amputate, which M. vim Tiltiach his in reserve, will
neon be in office. Tonninz has twice refond to receive
the new postmaster, M. Karsten', bet, I rtppose, the
third time h3'trilt be waisted with such a m;litcy.
face that resistance will be imposible. If the pre-

itt;IIPIDIG, nbi6BBB, 3, 1849.

sent system is to be simffinnsil, mad As commission
is gone tee far to dimentines it, Illy whole coun-
try omit be put tau meld kw, eaoh civil
elksr moat have taw bo--ausgart his dignity
and to secure his situtism. But eves though the civil
officers may then have the power to govern, that is to
nay to proclaim the of the commission, they
will not be obeyed, tall events the tuxes will
not be paid. Every lowa refuse to pay inch taxes
to the coital ollso b Moratsag, the people deliver
the tam themselves ia Bamittorg not to bring their
Akers in tremble, and Ike commbeion will soon be
obliged to stop payment. The clergy sides
with the people, and to get rid of thane
will be more difficult than to disabuse
the civil officers. Count Ealenburg and Col,
Hodges would not allow M. von Tillieeh
reinetel the old Danish civil officers; but they ems
not to object to the intrigues by which X. von
Tillisch attains the same aim in doe course of time.
The folly was to elect two foreigners to a Audios, of
which they know nothing, and in which they assure
to be overreached by their crafty colleague, who beats
them as much in knowledge as they are above him in
honesty.
There was a large meeting in Schleswig, of about
' sixty deputies of the different magistrates and civil
officers to discuss the state of the country: the passive
resistance will be carried on with system and unity.
The troops which are sent to restore ceder and to up-
hold the authority of the law, as propounded by the
commission, are well received by the citizens ; no
opportunity is given to the troops to step in with their
force. The other day, in 'loaning, the people
dispersed as soon as the military were called out ;
and there is no doubt that the soldiers are die-
eluded to play the oppreae. to people whiob,
instead of attacking them as they are led to
suppose, do all to make their abode as comfort-
able as possible. The commission, in fact, in playing
a dangerous game, it will be impossible to use no-
limes where no violent* is committed. M. Von
Tdlisch is a clever man, he wants to " Danishise" the
Ambles ; he has sueseeded in this respect with his
brother commissioners, but he will not mimed with,
the Sehleawigers, who, hard as the burden may be
he lays upon their shoulders, will not succumb under it
nor forget that they are connected with Holstein and
Germany.