The Express.
London, England, 1846-11-28 00:00:00

mi.teomen;" it maintains (though on slender and not
very tenable grounds) that the whore Court of Exche-
quer committed themselves last y " our opinion,"
and conceives all further argument superfluous. As,
however, the public generally appear inclined to acqui-
esce in the justice of the decision pronounced by the
Barons on Wednesday last, it may not be unad-
visible for the Times to assign some reason for the
faith that is in it; otherwise the public may regard
its yesterday's railing at the Court of Exchequer as a
mere expectoration of spleen on seeing its opinion set
at nou;,,ht. And captious persons may insinuate that
the pride of other people, besides Barons of the Court
of Exchequer, " has had a fell ;" that there are others
who would have acted more wisely had they been
contented to " keep the general level," instead of
seeking to bully the supreme courts of the kingdom
into subserviency to their piques and crotchets.

TEN yews ago the province of South Australia was
tenanted onl by kangaroos and a few struggling
natives, physically and mentally the lowest of the
human race. It is at present the scene of the enterprise
and enemy of more than eighteen thousand individuals
of English race ; has an active and extending mining
industry, a great breadth of land under cultivation, and
a greater covered with flocks. It imported in 1842
from this country to the value of some 32,0001., and
exported in the same year to Great Britain to the valve
of 23,0001., to Van Diemen's Land, to the value
of 8,0001. And South Australia, we learn from the
Governor's financial statement of 30th June last, is

in this, the tenth year of its existence, a self-support-
ing colony. The revenue for 1846 is estimated at
42,970/. ; the expenditure at 32,677/.
This young, but already full-grown community,
not only sends copper for the use of our metallic,
and wool for the use of our textile fabrics, not only
relieves us of a corresponding *mount of our surplus
produce, but offers congenial homes and competence to
the less favoured by fortune among us. During the
year ended 21st November, 1815, the sales of land
yielded 72,000/. ; during the next seven months,
60,000!. A large fund has accumulated applicable to
purposes of internal improvement and immigration.
The Colonial Land and Emi„eration Commissioners
continue to despatch a vessel with emigrant labourers,
to whom free passages are given, to :south Australia
every month. Th© Princess Royal, which sailed from
Plymouth on the 14th inst., carried out 326, the sexes
being fairly proportioned.
Durinc, the ten years of its existence, South Aus-
tralis has frequently been the object of vehement
attacks. We have no intention to deny that there
was often good cause for severe criticism. Mis-
management on the part of those to whom its direc-
tion was at first entrusted, and an unlucky spirit of
gambling speculation that arose among the settlers,
rendered the colony at one time fairly bankrupt. But
having recovered from the effects of these errors in so
short a time, in despite of the generally lax and some-
times thwarting, influence of successive colonial minis-
ters, the colony s prosperity. is only on this account a
more convincing demonstration of the general sound-
ness of the principles upon which it was founded, and
to which its rulers have, on the whole, more or less
closely adhered.
In respect to the practical application of these
principles, much has been learned since South
Australia was founded, but much remains to be
learned. This, however, has been shown by its suc-
cess :—That by disposing of no landiri property under
a price of from 12s. to 1!. per acre ; by allotting a
liberal proportion of the fund thus raised to internal
improvements, and to affording free passages to
labouring emigrants in as nearly as possible equal
numbers of the sexes; a self-supporting colony, with
nearly 20,1100 prosperous inhabitants, has been
established in the lapse of ten years, notwithstanding
serious reverses incurred by errors,l;oth of the govern-
ment and the general population. Adherence to
these regulations has enabled the colonists, without
having recourse to slave-labour, to escape the priva-
tions almost invariably suffered by other infant
colonies. The moral of this history will not be lost
upon the English public : it will not be lost upon the
present colonial minister.

Arivie)(.4 from Portugal by no means tend to keep
up that confidence in the success of the insurgent
party, hitherto generally entertained. We before
hinted, that the army being pretty equally divided
between the two camps, neither would fight, but one
infallibly go over to the other. This seems to be
felt by both the commanders-in-chief, for they seem
little anxious to approach each other, or put the fide-
lity of their soldiers to the proof.
This state of suspense might have listed for a con-
siderable time, but the events in the North, not the
action in which SA DA BANDEIRA was defeated,
which is comparatively unimportant, but the fact of a
regiment having gone over from the insurgents, is an
example of a dangerous and ominous kind. Small as
the action was, it displayed the usual circumstances
of Portuguese warfare; the national guard could not
be got to form squares or lilies, and were routed
for want of discipline. The regulars preferred
not fighting at all, and proved of weak fidelity.
An unpleasant symptom is, that the Legitimists of
the north seem to have fallen off from the insurgents,
and to be leagued with the Cabralists and the present
party of the Queen to uphold her. Nothing is more
natural than this, seeing that her Majesty has de-
creed a despotism. But both circumstances cast a
very gloomy shade over the future colour and prospects
of the Queen's government, even in case of her
SIMMS.
The tactics of the two parties, though both are in
the field, seem anything but military. SALDANHA
evidently hopes to entice the military followers of
DAS As ris from him, and with this aim sends forth
proclamations in lieu of other projectiles. One of these
he charged with the unwarrantable assertion, that Col.
WYLDE hail declared the insurgents to be a forlorn
hope of luckless knaves, which assuredly Colonel
WYLDE never uttered, especially on the eve of visiting
them. But the story serves SALDASBA'S purpose.
A popular rising in Lisbon would effect for DAS
ANTAS what desertion from the insurgent camp
would effect for SALDANHA. With these arms
both are manceuveing in Portuguese fashion. And
the upshot will probably be, that not the sharpest
sword will prove victorious, but the longest purse.

The reciprocal incrimination by the journals of
France and England, of complicity with the northern
powers in the spoliation of Cracow, is not re-
garded seriously by the public in Paris, and is
viewed rather as the result of ill-humour on both
sides, than as a charge which either government
would really think of sustaining against each other.
This feeling was generally entertained in Paris, al-
though some of the minor organs of the press con-
tinued to occupy themselves on Thursday with this
thesis. All sensible persons feel, however, that
pettishness which is bad enough between individuals,
though it must be sometimes thus tolerated, is in-
saffemblebetween Cabinets seriously administering the
affairs of great states. What, however, is maintained
in Paris with more colour of truth, is, that the Cracow
affair did not come upon M. Gnizot so suddenly as is
pretended, and that he certainly had both directly and
indirectly information of it for a considerable time
before he allowed it to transpire through his official

organs.
Much solicitude was felt in Paris as to the part
which the English cabinet would take respecting the
northern courts and great uncertainty continued to
prevail upon this subject.
Much contradiction also prevailed respecting the
reported recall of the Count St. Aure. The
ministerial organs say that his recall was never
intended ; that, although there may have been times
at which the relations of the two cabinets were more
cordial, yet that they were never more courteous and
more worthy of two great nations; that the Count St.
Aulaire had never thought of taking his. cove; that
the relative situation of the two countries is serious
enough without being aggravated by the gratuitous
offence implied by the withdrawal of an ambassador.
On the contrary,the opposition °Naas more than insinu-
ate that the ambassador had really been recalled, and
that as a mark of the resentment of the court and
cabinet towards those of London, it was intended
only to accredit there a charge d'affaires, but that the
explosion of public enthusiasm, which followed the
announcement of the Cracow affair, collected round
M. Guizot luid his cabinet difficulties too formidable
to render such a step either prudent or safe.
One of the ministerial journals of Tuesday,. pro-
fessing ignorance as to what the ultimate decision of
the two cabinets may be, declares that the only
--itive and certainly known is, that
• firmly resolved to consider
of Vienna as completely

...... ~_
Aloud this resolution, rand to

thing which is pogtiie az
the French government is
henceforward the treaties
broken; to proclaim Ala
•