Patent GB-449132-A (GB)
Title: Improved sulphonation products and processes for the manufacture of the same
IPC: D06M13/44
Filed: 1935-10-25
Abstract: Vegetable or animal phosphatides or their condensation products with reactive organic substances are sulphonated by treatment with a quantity of a sulphonating agent at least equal to 60 per cent by weight of the phosphatide.  The sulphonation may be assisted by means of anhydrides or chlorides of organic acids or anhydrous sodium sulphate.  Fats, oils and their fatty acids may be added prior to the sulphonation and the sulphonation may be effected in the presence of reactive organic substances such as aliphatic, aromatic or hydroaromatic alcohols, aldehydes or ketones or aromatic hydrocarbons.  The products may be employed as wetting, washing, emulsifying, softening, equalizing, loading, reviving or finishing agents in the textile, leather and cosmetic industries. The preparation of emulsions of mineral oils and of dye pastes is mentioned.  In examples: (1) soya bean lecithin is sulphonated in perchlorethylene with monohydrate or in trichlorethylene with monohydrate and acetic anhydride; (2) a mixture of soya lecithin and castor oil fatty acid is sulphonated in benzine and neutralized; the product is used for making up an unreduced suspension of an indanthrene dyestuff, the latter is padded upon the yarn or fabric and the pretreated material then developed after padding in a liquor containing caustic soda and hydrosulphite; the product may also be used in preparing a bottoming bath of naphthol AS.SW or an indanthrene vat; (3) a mixture of soya lecithin and olive oil is sulphonated in carbontetrachloride; (4) a mixture of soya lecithin and castor oil fatty acid is sulphonated in trichlorethylene and neutralized; the product is used in a bath containing chrome alum and salt for restuffing hides; (5) lecithin from egg yoke is sulphonated in trichlorethylene; (6) soya lecithin is treated with oleum in trichlorethylene; (7) egg lecithin is sulphonated in carbon tetrachloride with sulphoacetic acid; (8) soya lecithin in benzine is first treated with xylenesulphonic acid and then with monohydrate; (9) a mixture of soya lecithin, butyl alcohol and trichlorethylene is sulphonated; (10) a mixture of soya lecithin and xylene is sulphonated; the product is used to prepare the vat in dyeing with Indocarbon CLG to improve the fastness to rubbing and to avoid bronzing; (11) a mixture of soya lecithin and coconut oil alcohols is sulphonated in benzine; (12) a mixture of soya lecithin, oleic alcohol and carbontetrachloride is sulphonated; the product is used in an Epsom salt finish; (13) egg lecithin is condensed with oleic acid chloride and then sulphonated in perchlorethylene; the product is used in treating wool with a bath of sulphuric acid; (14) a mixture of soya lecithin, oleic alcohol and trichlorethylene is sulphonated with acetic anhydride and monohydrate; (15) soya lecithin is sulphonated with chlorsulphonic acid in methylhexalene and trichlorethylene; (16) a mixture of egg lecithin, benzaldehyde and perchlorethylene is sulphonated with oleum and neutralized; the product is used in rinsing baths made with hard water.ALSO:Vegetable or animal phosphatides or their condensation products with reactive organic substances are sulphonated by treatment with a quantity of a sulphonating agent at least equal to 60 per cent by weight of the phosphatide, whereby products are obtained which are stated to be emulsifying agents.  The preparation of emulsions of mineral oils is referred to.  In examples, soya bean and egg yoke lecithin are sulphonated, in some cases in conjunction with castor oil fatty acid, olive oil, xylene, coconut oil alcohols, oleic alcohol, oleic acid chloride and benzaldehyde.