Patent GB-110003-A (GB)
Title: Improvements in Alternating Liquid Current Motors.
Inventor: CONSTANTINESCO GOGU
IPC: F16H43/02
Filed: 1916-10-03
Abstract: 110,003. Constantinesco, G., and Haddon, W. Oct. 3, 1916. Hydraulic transmission of power; liquid-pressure engines.-Consists in the provision of asynchronous liquid-pressure motors for use with the vibrating- liquid system of power transmission described in Specification 9029/13. A motor for use with a three-phase system is shown in Fig. 1. The three transmission lines, differing in phase by 120 degrees, are connected to the three fixed cylinders a, b, c, the pistons of which exert pressure on the ring d through the half-balls p, which are free to slide both in the pistons and also on the ring d. The rotor cylinders f, g, h are rigidly connected, and their pistons f<1>, g<1>, h<1> bear against the inner ring e through half-balls q similar to those above mentioned. The pistons are pressed outwards by springs, and the cylinders are filled with liquid. The cylinders communicate with a space o through restricted passages l, m, n. The alternating pressure in the cylinders a, b, c produces a rotating pressure wave, which causes the centre of the ring d to move in a circle. A similar movement of the inner ring e is resisted by the friction of the liquid in passing through the openings l, m, n so that a torque is exerted on the cylinders. The rotor thus gradually increases its speed until the slip between the rotating pressure wave imposed by the cylinders a, b, c and that generated in the cylinders f, g, h reaches a constant value depending on the load to be overcome. The efficiency of the transmission is greatest when the slip is least, i.e. when the passages l, m, n are small, but the starting torque is also small in these circumstances. The passages l, m, n may therefore be progressively closed, as the speed increases, by a plug worked from outside. Alternatively, the three cylinders may be connected, by regulable passages in the shaft, to a common outlet, which may be cooled if desired. The torque may be doubled and the speed halved by connecting the three outlets from the rotor cylinders to the fixed (stator) cylinders of a similar motor, and also connecting the two rotors rigidly together. In Fig. 2, the cylinders are shown arranged axially instead of radially, three pistons being provided for each phase. A rotating pressure wave is thus produced, which causes the axis of the member 2 to move in a cone, a spherical seating 10 being provided. A similar movement of the member 2<1> is opposed by the reciprocation of the pistons 16 of the rotor, and the resistance of the restricted passage 17 to the flow of liquid. A torque is therefore exerted on the rotor in the same manner as in the apparatus shown in Fig. 1, and the shaft 15 is driven with a certain amount of slip. The central spindle 20 may be adjusted to vary the size of the restricted passage 17, and liquid at constant pressure may be supplied through the hollow spindle to maintain the mean pressure. In large motors of this kind, the rotor cylinders may be connected to three condensers such as described in Specification 12438/14, to provide the resistance. As shown in Fig. 7, the rotor cylinders are dispensed with. The reciprocation of the stator pistons 22 causes the member 28 to move so that its axis describes a cone. A similar movement of the member 23 is resisted by the spring 25 and the friction against the cone 24 attached to the shaft 26. A torque is therefore exerted on the cone 24 in the same manner as before. Motors of the above types may be reversed by interchanging the phases by the use of the reversing-switch described in Specification 1511/14. A simpler form of motor is shown in Fig. 8, where the ring 28 is omitted. The operation is the same as in the motor shown in Fig. 7. In the motors illustrated in Figs. 1 and 2, the maximum torque is produced when there is no slip, i.e. when there is no fluid circulation in the rotor and the controlling-valve is closed. Specification 106,309 also is referred to.