Patent GB-1113604-A (GB)
Title: Treatment of fibrous materials
IPC: D06M15/285
Filed: 1965-05-28
Abstract: Fibrous materials are crease proofed, shrink proofed, softened, waterproofed and rendered resistant to soiling and to light, by successively depositing on them in contiguous separate superposed phases, at least one of which is formed a preformed polymer and a cross-linking agent therefor, which each contain at least two reactive groups per molecule, with a total of at least five for each pair of complementary molecules, the reactive groups on the preformed polymer being complementary to those on the crosslinking agent and capable of reacting with them at room temperature.  The polymer and crosslinking agent may be applied sepparately in either order from immiscible solvents, e.g. water and carbon tetrachloride, methyl chloroform, benzene, hexane, toluene, 1,3 bis (trifluromethyl) benzene, ethyl acetate, petroleum ether, or one of the components may be present as a solid by applying it in a solution and evaporating the solvent and the other component applied as a liquid or gas, or one component may be applied as a liquid and the other applied as a solid, liquid or gas.  The polymer may be a copolymer containing a major proportion of an alkyl, aryl or aralkyl ester of acrylic acid or an a -alkylacrylic or an a  haloacrylic acid, an acrylate or methacrylate containing an oxygen bridge, thioether, sulphone or sulphoxide group, a vinyl, allyl or methallyl ester of a fatty acid, an N-dialkylacrylamide, an olefinic hydrocarbon or halogenated olefinic hydrocarbon, an alkyl vinyl ketone, an itaconic diester, acyanastyrene, vinyl thiophene, vinyl pridine, vinyl pyrrole, acrylonitrile, methacrylonitrile, an alkyl vinyl sulphone, a vinyl ether or fluorine or silicon containing unsaturated monomer and a minor proportion of an unsaturated monomer containing a carbonyl halide, sulphonyl halide, carboxylic acid, sulphonic acid, isocyanate, isothio-cyanate, anhydride, imide, amino, hydroxyl, haloformate or carbamyl halide group, a chlorosulphonated polyolefin, a polyethylene imine, a polyester, a polyether, a polyurethane, a polyamide, a polysiloxane, a polyurea or a polycarbonate.  The crosslinking agent may be a compound containing at least two carbonyl halide, sulphonyl halide, haloformate, carbamyl, halide, anhydride, imido, amino, imino, hydroxy or isocyanate groups or their sulphur analogues.  The solutions used may each contain 0.2-20% by weight of the active component and may also contain bases, e.g. pyridine, dimethyl aniline, quinoline, an alkali metal hydroxide or carbonate, trisodium phosphate, borax or sodium metasilicate to neutralize acid formed during the reaction, a catalyst, e.g. tributyl tin chloride, stannous tartrate, ferric chloride, titanium tetrachloride, boron trifluoride-diethyl ether complex or tin laurate or myristate, and a wetting agent, e.g. isooctylphenyl ether of polyethylene glycol.  The treatment may be effected at room temperature or higher temperatures, e.g. 50 DEG -158 DEG C.  Wool, leather, silk, mohair, cotton, sisal, hemp, jute, ramie, flax, wood, paper, viscose or cuprammonium rayon, cellulose acetate, ethyl cellulose, glass asbestos, polyethylene terephthalate polyacrylonitrile, polyethylene, polypropylene, polyvinyl chloride, polyvinylidene chloride, nylon, polyurethane and regenerated protein fibrous materials may be treated, the textile materials being in the form of fibres, sliver, top, roving, felt, woven or knitted fabrics, garments, carpets, blankets cords or tapes.