Patent GB-783044-A (GB)
Title: Improvements in or relating to a planing machine tool
IPC: B23D1/02
Filed: 1955-12-09
Abstract: 783,044. Planing. GRAY CO., G. A. Dec. 9, 1955 [May 10, 1955], No. 35489/55. Class 83 (3). A planing-machine comprises power-means 18, Fig. 1, for rocking and a shaft 13, Fig. 3, carrying oppositely facing-tools 15, 16 about an axis normal to a reciprocable table 2, and control means 42, 43, Fig. 16, associated with the table to operate the power-means at each end of the table stroke. The circular cutting-bits 15, 16 are screwed to a holder 14, Figs. 6 and 24, which is threaded to receive a tensioned clamping-rod 173 passing through the centre of the shaft 13. The holder has a slot 182 to receive a key 181 on the shaft 13, the slot being as indicated at 183, Fig. 24, if the tools are used for cross-planing. The holder is released by a wrench inserted in a socket 180 in the bar 173. In a modified holder, straight-edged bits 223, 224, Fig. 32, are clamped by bars 232. The tool-shaft 13 is mounted on a head 11, Fig. 1, movable along a cross-rail 7 adjustable vertically on columns 5, 6 by a motor 10. According to the setting of a single-cut or double-cut lever 27, Fig. 1, the tools are fed transversely from the table-drive, either by a motor 25 between cuts or by a power traverse motor 26 for a cutting feed through a pre-tensioned screw 21, Fig. 3; for slotting, they are fed vertically by a shaft 22 and a screw 78 engaging a slide 17. The slide 17 can be locked in position by a side locking-plate. The screw 78 is journalled in a slide 76 adjustable angularly on a slide 74 to incline the shaft 13. The screw 78 is tensioned by a nut 118 and can be rotated manually at 120 to adjust the slide against a graduated dial 121. The tools 15, 16 may effect adjacent roughing cuts and a further tool 24, Fig. 27, of double width, may effect a finishing cut. The screw 21, Fig. 1, and shaft 22 are driven through gearing 31 associated with reversing levers 32, 33 and with a dial 34 for selecting the feed speed. The levers 32, 33 have two positions each side of neutral to provide a feed through a shaft 30 from the table movement or from the traverse motor 26. The levers 32, 33, can be moved during setting-up by a hand-lever inserted in a socket 218 in any of blocks 217 on rods 215, 216. A hand-lever 220 can also be used to rotate either the shaft 22 or screw 21. When the head 11 is reciprocated for cross-planing by the traverse motor 26, either the tool-shaft 13 is adjusted angularly by inserting shims between the slides 76 and 74 to provide clearance or the non-cutting tool is allowed to drag. Cutter-releasing. The axis of the shaft 13, Fig. 14, is inclined at about 2 degrees, so that the tools cut alternately as the shaft is rocked by the motor 18 through an eccentric 140, Fig. 3, and a yieldable connecting-rod and spring- assembly 141, 163 which counteracts chatter. The motor stalls at each reversal as an arm on the motor-shaft engages a fixed stop. The positions of the tools are determined by a lug 146, Fig. 5, on the shaft 13 engaging a stopplate 147. The tool 24 is clamped to a clapper 81, Fig. 3, by screws on yokes 203. The clapper is pivoted on a slide 188 adjustable angularly about a pivot 190 and clamped to the slide 17 by a plate 192. The clapper is actuated by an arm 195 on the shaft 13 engaging a sliding pin 210. The pin 210 is withdrawn if it is desired to secure the clapper against movement by clamping screws inserted in recesses 214. Reciprocating-table. The table 2 is reciprocated by a motor 38, Fig. 16, which is reversed by the switches 42, 43 at the end of each stroke at the same time as the motor 18 for rotating the tool-shaft is reversed and as a one-revolution tool-feed clutch is actuated. The clutch has a recess normally engaged by a solenoidoperated plunger which is disengaged momentarily to allow the constantly energized feed motor 25 to rotate one revolution. When cross-planing, the table is moved by a hand wheel 44 or the motor 38 is energized periodically, at the same time as the motor 18 and the traverse motor 26 are reversed by limit switches 47, Fig. 21, on the rail 7. When cross-planing a vertical surface, the switches serve to actuate the feed motor 25 and the one-revolution toolfeed clutch to feed the tool vertically at the same time as the traverse motor 26 is reversed. Similar movements can be given to an identical side head 12 through the motor 26 and a power shaft 36, a feed shaft 62 and the feed-shaft 30, and a stationary screw 52 engaged by a rotating nut 53. A workpiece 68, Fig. 23, may thus be planed in one setting. Wear between the slide 74 and rail 7 is taken up by gibs 87, Fig. 3, adjusted from each end of the slide. Gibs 104, Fig. 5, are provided to take up wear between the slides 17 and 76. Open-side planers. The column 6 is removable to convert the machine to an openside planer.