Patent GB-709555-A (GB)
Title: Improvements in and relating to the treatment of dielectric materials to prevent or reduce development of electrostatic charges
IPC: D06M13/224
Filed: 1949-06-03
Abstract: Dielectric material consisting of woven monofilaments of a non-cellulosic, synthetic high polymer is rendered astatic by treatment with a 0.125 to 5 per cent solution or dispersion of an etymol in a liquid free from fat or hydrocarbon oil.  Etymols are defined as (1) partial esters of fatty acids containing at least 7 carbon atoms in the chain with (a) aliphatic polyhydric alcohols, (b) the anhyorides of such alcohols and (c) polymers of aliphatic polyhydric alcohols, the corresponding monomers having from 2-6 carbon atoms and 2-6 hydroxyl groups, and (2) polyoxyalkylene ethers of such esters.  Partial esters of the following compounds are suitable: ethylene glycol, di- and tri-ethylene glycol, glycerol, polyglycerols, pentaerythritol, pentitols, hexitols and the cyclic inner ethers thereof, and the glycol and lower polyglycol ethers of these alcohols.  The partial esters of the sorbitans, sorbides, mannitans and mannides are particularly suitable.  Polyoxyethylene ethers of these partial esters may be obtained by reaction with a preformed polyethylene glycol or with 10 to 30 molar proportions of ethylene oxide.  Specified etymols include polyethylene glycol monostearate, glyceryl monostearate, the monolaurate, monopalmitate, monostearate, mono-oleate and tri-oleate of sorbitan and the polyoxyethylene ethers of these partial esters, mannitan mono-oleate and its polyoxyethylene ethers and mannitan dilaurate polyoxyethylene ether.  They are used as dilute solutions or dispersions in water or a volatile liquid such as alcohol or carbon tetrachloride.  Materials which may be treated include polyvinylidene chloride and its copolymers with vinyl chloride and acrylonitrile, polymethyl methacrylate, polyethylene and vinylite.  The process is particularly useful in treating upholstery and seat covers for cars.  In an example a cloth woven from monofilaments of polyvinylidene chloride of 10-12 mils diameter is dipped into a 1 per cent aqueous dispersion of sorbitan monolaurate and dried.  Specification 388,769 is referred to.  The Specification as open to inspection under Sect. 91 comprises the treatment of dielectric materials in general with etymols. The etymol may be applied in solution or dispersion or incorporated in a polish, wax or varnish, and the polish containing the etymol may be used for furniture or wooden articles.  Hair brushes, combs, hard rubber and artificial leather made from synthetic plastics may be treated.  In addition to the compounds listed above, the partial esters of the following compounds may be used: cyclitols such as inositol, di-, tri- and tetra-saccharides, glucose, sucrose, lactose, and their glycol and lower polyglycol ethers.  In examples, a cleansing dip for toilet articles comprises 1 per cent of sorbitan monolaurate and 99 per cent of carbon tetrachloride containing perfume and colouring as desired.  Cleansers, waxes and polishes may comprise a solvent or carrier (water, oil, alcohol, carbon tetrachloride), an etymol or mixture of etymols, cleaning agent if different from the carrier (benzene, carbon tetrachloride), an emulsifying agent if necessary, waxes, perfume and colouring.  Oil polishes for varnish or lacquered wood comprise (1) 90 per cent of light mineral oil, 5 per cent of sorbitan monolaurate and 5 per cent of the reaction product of sorbitan monolaurate and 20 mols of ethylene oxide, and (2) 60 per cent of polish 1, 3 per cent of red oil, 15 per cent of benzol, 20 per cent of methanol and 2 per cent of pine oil.  This subject-matter does not appear in the Specification as accepted.ALSO:Dielectric material consisting of woven monofilaments of a non-cellulosic, synthetic high polymer is rendered astatic by treatment with a 0.125-5 per cent. solution or dispersion of an etymol in a liquid free from fat or hydrocarbon oil.  Etymols are defined as (1) partial esters of fatty acids containing at least 7 carbon atoms in the chain with (a) aliphatic polyhydric alcohols, (b) the anhydrides of such alcohols, or (c) polymers of aliphatic polyhydric alcohols the corresponding monomers having from 2-6 carbon atoms and 2-6 hydroxyl groups, and (2) polyoxyalkylene ethers of such esters.  Partial esters of the following compounds are suitable: ethylene glycol, di- and tri-ethylene glycol, glycerol, polyglycerols, pentaerythritol, pentitols, hexitols and the cyclic inner ethers thereof, and the glycol and lower polyglycol ethers of these alcohols.  The partial esters of the sorbitans, sorbides, mannitans and mannides are particularly suitable.  Polyexyethylene ethers of these partial esters may be obtained by reaction with a performed polyethylene glycol or with 10 to 30 molar proportions of ethylene oxide.  Specified etymols include polyethylene glycol monostearate, glyceryl monostearate, the monolaurate, monopalmitate, monostearate, mono-oleate and tri-oleate of sorbitan and the polyoxyethylene ethers of these partial esters, mannitan monooleate and its polyoxyethylene ethers and mannitan dilaurate polyoxyethylene ether.  They are used as dilute solutions or dispersions in water or a volatile liquid such as alcohol or carbon tetrachloride.  Materials which may be treated include polyvinylidene/chloride and its copolymers with vinyl chloride and acrylonitrile, polymethyl methacrylate, polyethlene and vinylite.  The process is particularly useful in treating upholstery and seat covers for cars.  In an example a cloth woven from monofilaments of polyvinylidene chloride of 10-12 mils diameter is dipped into a 1 per cent. aqueous dispersion of sorbitan monolaurate and dried.  Specification 388,769, [Group IV], is referred to.  The Specification as open to inspection under Sect. 91 comprises the treatment of dielectric materials in general with "etymols." The etymol may be applied in solution or dispersion or incorporated in a polish, wax or varnish, and the polish containing the etymol may be used for furniture or wooden articles.  Hairbrushes, combs, hard rubber and artificial leather made from synthetic plastics may be treated.  In addition to the compounds listed above, the partial esters of the following compounds may be used: cyclitols such as inositol, di-, tri- and tetrasaccharides, glucose, sucrose, lactose, and their glycol and lower polyglycol ethers.  In examples, a cleansing dip for toilet articles comprises 1 per cent. of sorbitan monolaurate and 99 per cent. of carbon tetrachloride, containing perfume and colouring as desired.  Cleansers, waxes and polishes may comprise a solvent or carrier (water, oil, alcohol, carbon tetrachloride) an etymol or mixture of etymols, cleaning agent if different from the carrier (benzene, carbon tetrachloride), an emulsifying agent if necessary, waxes, perfume and colouring.  Oil polishes for varnish or lacquered wood comprise (1) 90 per cent. of light mineral oil, 5 per cent. of sorbitan monolaurate and 5 per cent. of the reaction product of sorbitan monolaurate and 20 mols of ethylene oxide and (2) 60 per cent. of polish 1.3 per sent. of red oil, 15 per cent. of benzol, 20 per cent. of methonol and 2 per cent. of pine oil.  This subject-matter does not appear in the Specification as accepted.ALSO:Dielectric material consisting of woven monofilaments of a non-cellulosic, synthetic high polymer is rendered antistatic by treatment with a 0.125-5 per cent. solution or dispersion of an etymol, in a liquid free from fat or hydrocarbon oil.  Etymols are defined as (1) partial esters of fatty acids containing at least 7 carbon atoms in the chain with (a) aliphatic polyhydric alcohols, (b) the anhydrides of such alcohols, or (c) polymers of aliphatic polyhydric alcohols, the corresponding monomers having from 2-6 carbon atoms and 2-6 hydroxyl groups, and (2) polyoxyalkylene ethers of such esters.  Partial esters of the following compounds are suitable: ethylene glycol, di- and tri-ethylene glycol, glycerol, polyglycerols, pentaerythritol, pentitols, hexitols and the cyclic inner ethers thereof, and the glycol and lower polyglycol ethers of these alcohols.  The partial esters of the sorbitans, sorbides, mannitans and mannides are particularly suitable.  Polyoxyethylene ethers of these partial esters may be obained by reaction with a preformed polyethylene glycol or with 10 to 30 molar proportions of ethylene oxide.  Specified etymols include polyethylene glycol monostearate, glyceryl monostearate, the monolaurate, monopalmitate, monostearate, mono-oleate and tri-oleate of sorbitan and the polyoxyethylene ethers of these partial esters, mannitan mono-oleate and its polyoxyethylene ethers and mannitan dilaurate polyoxyethylene ether.  They are used as dilute solutions or dispersions in water or a volatile liquid such as alcohol or carbon tetrachloride.  Materials which may be treated include polyvinylidene chloride and its copolymers with vinyl chloride and acrylonitrile, polymethyl methacrylate, polyethylene and vinylite.  In an example a cloth woven from monofilaments of polyvinylidene chloride of 10-12 mils diameter is dipped into a 1 per cent. aqueous dispersion of sorbitan monolaurate and dried.  Specification 388,769, [Group IV], is referred to.