Patent GB-1467027-A (GB)
Title: Removal of impurities from gaseous mixtures and the regeneratio of absorbent solutions used therefor
IPC: B01D53/40
Filed: 1974-02-15
Abstract: 1467027 Separating gases G GIAMMARCO and P GIAMMARCO 15 Feb 1974 [16 Feb 1973 21 May 1973] 7079/74 Headings B1L and B1M [Also in Division C1] Acidic impurities, e.g. CO 2 , H 3 S, HCN and/ or SO 2 , are removed from a gas mixture by treatment in an absorption stage A with an aqueous absorbent solution, the loaded absorbent solution then being regenerated by stripping with steam and the regenerated absorbent solution being recycled to the absorption stage, wherein (a) the regeneration is effected in a principal regeneration column P and a secondary regeneration column S, the principal column P operating at a higher pressure than secondary column S; (b) the solution to be regenerated is divided into a major (or principal) fraction p and a minor (or secondary fraction) s; (c) the principal fraction p is regenerated in principal column P by means of steam evolved by boiling the solution by supply R of external heat or by means of externally generated steam; and (d) the secondary fraction s is regenerated in column S by means of steam evolved by utilising the heat contained in the regenerated solution leaving column P. The steam and/or heat for the secondary column may be supplied by expanding the solution from column P to the column S pressure in expansion zone E, the steam produced being fed in countercurrent to the descending fraction s. Alternatively, the heat may be transferred by means of a carrier gas. Column P suitably operates at a pressure of at least 0.2 atm. above column S and this may be effected by operating column P at superatmospheric pressure or column S at reduced pressure. Suitably the fraction passing through column P increases in temperature by from 5 to 35C. In alternative embodiments: (i) A two stage absorption column is used, the regenerated fraction s being fed to the top of the absorption column and the expanded regenerated fraction p to an intermediate level (Fig. 3 not shown); (ii) The whole spent solution is fed to the top of a two-stage regeneration column P and is subdivided after the first regeneration stage into fractions p and s, the former passing straight on down the second stage of column P whilst the latter is fed firstly through column S and then back to the start of the second stage of column P where it is recombined with the fraction p for expansion with that fraction (Fig. 4 not shown; (iii) A three stage secondary column s is used, the fraction s being fed to the first stage and recovered from the second stage whilst expanded regenerated fraction p is split into two streams, one of which is fed to the start of the second stage and the other of which is fed to the start of the third stage. The frame is recovered at the end of the second stage together with fraction s and fed to the top stage of a two stage absorption column, whilst' the latter is recovered at the bottom of column s and fed .to the intermediate level of the absorption column (Fig; 5 not shown); and (iv) A two stage column P is used, part of fraction p being removed after the first stage arid after expansion in column S combined, with fraction s from column S and fed to the intermediate level of a two stage absorption column, whilst the other part of fraction p is fed through the second stage of column P then expanded and fed to the first stage of the absorption column (Fig. 6 not shown).