Patent GB-665106-A (GB)
Title: Improvements in sulphur containing lubricating oil compositions
IPC: C10M135/04
Filed: 1948-02-05
Abstract: Chlorine-bearing sulphurized olefins having a sulphur content of 5 to 18 per cent are employed as lubricating oil additives (see Group III).  They are prepared from olefins containing a single double bond in the molecule, particularly olefins of the general formula <FORM:0665106/IV (b)/1> where the R's represent the same or different aliphatic groups having a total of 10 to 60 carbon atoms.  However, the olefins may include carbocylic groups on large aliphatic radicles.  Suitable olefins may be derived from petroleum fractions or from aliphatic wax materials such as carnauba wax, candelilla wax or beeswax, for example by halogenation followed by removal of halogen as hydrogen halide.  The chlorine-containing sulphurized olefin may be prepared by (1) chlorinating the starting material, removing only part of the chlorine as hydrogen chloride to give a chlorine-containing olefin and then sulphurizing this material, for example, with sulphur, a sulphur chloride or a phosphorus sulphide, or (2) halogenating the starting material, removing all the halogen as hydrogen halide and then either introducing sulphur and chlorine into the olefin thus obtained by treatment with sulphur chloride or first introducing sulphur, for example by treatment with sulphur or a phosphorus sulphide and then chlorinating the product.  Thus a petroleum wax having about 18 to 24 carbon atoms in the molecule is chlorinated, the monochlor wax is obtained from the product by chilling the acetone solution thereof, part of the chlorine is removed from the monochlor wax by heating with a basic substance such as lime and the chlorine-bearing olefin thus obtained is sulphurized with sulphur, sulphur chloride, phosphorus pentasulphide or phosphorus trisulphide.  The chlorine-bearing sulphurized olefin thus obtained may be refined for example by blowing inert gas through it, sulphuric acid treatment, neutralization and filtration.ALSO:A lubricating oil composition, which is non-corrosive towards the bearings of automotive vehicles, has increased film strength and oiliness, and has a reduced tendency towards oxidation, comprises a minor proportion of a chlorine-bearing sulphurized olefin having a sulphur content of 5 to 18 per cent.  The composition may be an extreme pressure lubricant or a cutting oil.  The olefin from which the chlorine-bearing sulphurized olefin is prepared is one containing a single double bond per molecule, particularly one having the general formula <FORM:0665106/III/1> where the Rs represent the same or different aliphatic groups having a total of 10 to 60 carbon atoms.  However, the olefin may include carbocyclic groups on large aliphatic radicles.  Suitable olefins may be derived from petroleum fractions or from aliphatic wax materials such as carnauba wax, candelilla wax or beeswax, for example by halogenation followed by removal of halogen as hydrogen halide.  The chlorine-containing sulphurized olefin may be prepared by (1) chlorinating the starting material, removing only part of the chlorine as hydrogen chloride to give a chlorine-containing olefin and then sulphurizing this material for example with sulphur, a sulphur chloride or a phosphorus sulphide, or (2) halogenating the starting material, removing all the halogen as hydrogen halide and then either introducing sulphur and chlorine into the olefin thus obtained by treatment with sulphur chloride or first introducing sulphur, for example by treatment with sulphur or a phosphorus sulphide, and then chlorinating the product, Thus a petroleum wax having about 18 to 24 carbon atoms in the molecule is chlorinated, the monochlor wax is obtained from the product, part of the chlorine is removed from the monochlor wax by heating with a basic substance such as lime and the chlorine-bearing olefin thus obtained is sulphlrized with sulphur, sulphur chloride, phosphorus pentasulphide or phosphorus trisulphide.  The chlorine-bearing sulphurized olefin thus obtained, if desired after refining, may be added to petroleum, synthetic, animal or vegetable lubricating oils.  The Specification as open to inspection under Sect. 91 refers to the addition of small quantities of sulphurized olefins of high molecular weight to hydrocarbon oils.  This subject-matter does not appear in the Specification as accepted.