Patent GB-1287801-A (GB)
Title: Graphic data transmission system
Inventor: KRALLINGER R E
IPC: H04N1/407
Filed: 1969-12-02
Abstract: 1287801 Automatic gain control; limiters GRAPHIC SCIENCES Inc 2 Dec 1969 [20 Dec 1968] 58870/69 Headings H3T H3W H4F and H4R In a facsimile transmission system the transmitter periodically transmits a standard information signal and the gain of the receiver is set in accordance with the charge on an energy storage device charged in dependence upon the standard information signal. At the transmitter a black line 74, Fig. 1, across the edge of the picture provides the standard information signal; light from lamp 26 reflected from the picture is picked up by a photo-diode 30 which with resistor 38 forms a potentiometer across the output of carried oscillator 34, and the lower sideband in the modulated signal is selected by low-pass filter 40 for communication by speaker 44 to the telephone 46. In the receiver the output of telephone 50 is picked up by microphone 48 and passed by band-pass filter 56 to gain controlled amplifier 58 whence it passes via level restoring circuit 60 to rectifier 64, feeding the recording stylus 66 describing a scan over current-sensitive paper 18. Gain controlled amplifier 58, Fig. 2, comprises an amplifier with variable negative feedback over resistors 116, 118, resistor 118 being shunted for A.C. by a resistor 120 in series with the source-drain path of a field-effect transistor 122. Incoming signals are applied to a rectifier circuit 82, 84 via resistor 76 and circuit 78 tuned to carrier frequency, and the peak black pulses in the output cause transistor 86, which is provided with an adjustable delay bias by means of transistor 98, to become conductive. The pulses passed by transistor 86 are applied over capacitor 88 to a rectifier system 90, 92 to charge up capacitor 94 over resistor 96, whereby field-effect transistor 122 is biased back, increasing the feedback round amplifier 58. The pulses passed by transistor 86 are also applied over capacitor 104 to a rectifier 106 to produce a positive bias which biases transistor 108 conductive. Transistor 114, strapped as a diode is then non-conductive and has no effect on capacitor 94; if however the signal level decreases so that pulses are no longer passed by transistor 86, transistor 108 becomes non- conductive and diode 114 conductive, rapidly discharging capacitor 122 and so increasing the gain of amplifier 58. Modulation in the transmitter is only 50% and is negative; in order that minimum modulation shall record as white the output of amplifier 58 is fed through Zener diode 130 which is biased from potentiometer 132 which is adjusted so that the bias voltage is one half the sum of the breakdown voltages of diode 130 in the forward and reverse directions. The output from Zener diode 130 is fed to the recording stylus over an amplifier 62 which is provided with negative feedback over resistor 142 and capacitor 144 for stabilization of the amplifier, and also over Zener diodes 146,148. When the difference between the input and output voltages of the amplifier 62 exceed the Zener breakdown voltages, heavy negative feedback occurs limiting the output and so preventing overload of the recording stylus. When it is desired to reproduce material in balck and white, i.e. without grays, switch 150 is opened to disconnect resistor 151: an increased input is then fed to amplifier 62 and signals which would be printed as grey provide a large enough voltage to appear as black, the limiting effect of Zener diodes 146, 148 preventing overload on darker signals. In, e.g. setting up, it may be desired to exchange signals other than on the carrier frequency, wherein the tuned circuit 78 prevents the A.G.C. coming into action. In these circumstances switch 162 is automatically closed, bringing into operation a diode rectifier system 154, 156: when the output from this exceeds the breakdown voltage of a Zener diode 158, capacitor 94 is charged over resistor 160, so as to control the gain.