baber/WOPTO huggingface dataset:
Patent GB-601612-A (GB)
Title: Process for the preparation of amino-derivatives of dioxa-cyclopentane and quaternary salts derived therefrom
IPC: C07D317/28
Filed: 1945-06-13
Abstract: Substituted aminomethyl dioxacyclopentanes of the general formula <FORM:0601612/IV(b)/1> (wherein R represents a lower alkyl group, R1 represents hydrogen or alkyl and R2 represents hydrogen, alkyl or aryl) are manufactured by reacting cyclic acetals of glycerol a -halohydrins with dialkylamines, and the corresponding quaternary salts, which have physiological properties similar to those of acetylcholine, are obtained by treating the products with an alkyl halide.  In examples: (1) the formal of glycerol a -monochlorhydrin is heated at 160 DEG  C. with anhydrous dimethylamine in benzene to produce 4-dimethylaminomethyl-1 : 3-dioxacyclopentane, which is treated with methyliodide to obtain the corresponding methiodide; the process of (1) is applied to (2) 4-chlormethyl-2-methyl - 1 : 3 - dioxacyclopentane; (3) 4 - chlormethyl-2 : 2-dimethyl-1 : 3-dioxacyclopentane, and (4) 4-chlormethyl-1 : 3-dioxacyclopentane, to obtain the corresponding aminomethyl-dioxacyclopentanes and their methiodides.  4-Chlormethyl-2 : 2-dimethyl-1 : 3-dioxacyclopentane is obtained by condensing acetone with epichlorhydrin in presence of tin tetrachloride.  4 - Chlormethyl - 2 - phenyl - 1 : 3 - dioxacyclo - pentane is obtained similarly from benzaldehyde.  The Specification as open to inspection under Sect. 91 comprises also the manufacture of products of the general formula above in which R2 represents an aralkyl group.  This subject-matter does not appear in the Specification as accepted.
Patent GB-1057681-A (GB)
Title: Manufacture of 1:1:2-trichloroethane
Inventor: LEPAGE NORMAN JAMES
IPC: C07C19/05
Filed: 1963-04-17
Abstract: The production of 1,1,2-trichloroethane comprises establishing equilibrium in a system comprising a packed reaction column surmounted by a reflux condenser, an offtake at the base of the reaction column leading to a feed point in a conventional fractionating column surmounting a boiler, which column is itself surmounted by a condenser so arranged that part of the condensate is refluxed while another part is fed back to the upper part of the reaction column; by feeding ethylene into the base of the reaction column and chlorine into the column above the ethylene feed point, in the absence of light, passing down the column a liquor consisting essentially of 1,2-dichloroethane recycled from the fractionating column, maintaining the reaction column at a temperature between 60 DEG  C. and the boiling point of the liquid fed to the top of the column, introducing into the column ferric chloride or a source of oxygen in amount so adjusted that the rate of formation of 1,2-dichloroethane and the rate of its further chlorination to 1,1,2-trichloroethane are maintained substantially equal, withdrawing hydrogen chloride through the condenser surmounting the reaction column, passing a liquor consisting essentially of 1,2-dichloroethane and 1,1,2-trichloroethane from the bottom of the reaction column to the fractionating column, removing a head product consisting essentially of vaporized 1,2-dichloroethane, condensing this, returning a portion of the condensate as recycle to the fractionating column and recycling another portion to the head of the reaction column and withdrawing a liquid product consisting essentially of 1,1,2-trichloroethane from the boiler.  The ferric chloride may be added as a solution in the liquid recycled from the condenser to the reaction column; the oxygen may be added as air, or it may be contained in industrial chlorine used as the chlorine source.
Patent GB-809060-A (GB)
Title: Detergent compositions
IPC: C11D3/066
Filed: 1957-05-13
Abstract: A detergent composition comprises (a) at least one water-soluble detergent salt of an organic sulphuric reaction product containing a sulphuric or sulphonic acid radical in the molecule; and (b) one or more of the following amides, which act as foam-improving agents at temperatures below 100 DEG  F.: <FORM:0809060/III/1> <FORM:0809060/III/2> <FORM:0809060/III/3> where R.CO is an acyl radical derived from a fatty acid or mixture of fatty acids containing or predominantly containing 10-14 carbon atoms, and R1 is an alkyl radical or mixture of such radicals also containing or predominantly containing 10-14 carbon atoms, the amount of (b) being 5-60 per cent, preferably 5-35 per cent, of (a).  The detergent salts may be the mono - fatty acid esters of 1 : 2 - dihydroxypropane-3-sulphonates, fatty acid mono-esters of hydroxyalkyl-sulphonates, fatty amides of aminoalkyl-sulphonates, salts of fatty alcohol esters of sulphocarboxylic acids, fatty alcohol ethers of hydroxy- and poly-hydroxyalkyl sulphonates, fatty acid monoglyceride sulphates, sulphated fatty alkanolamides, and alkylpolyoxyethylene sulphates, but the preferred compounds, which suitably comprise 10-40 per cent of the composition, are the alkylbenzene sulphonates having 9-15, and an average of 12, carbon atoms in the alkyl group, and primary alkyl sulphates containing 12-18 carbon atoms.  The amides, of which examples are given, are usually present to the extent of 0.5-25 per cent of the composition, which generally also contains alkali metal polyphosphate in an amount 1-5 times that of the detergent salt. The composition may also include other alkali metal phosphates, silicates, carbonates and sulphates, fluorescent dyes, bleaching agents, and perfumes.ALSO:Amides of the formula <FORM:0809060/IV (b)/1> in which R.CO is derived from a C10-14 fatty acid, are made by introducing N : N-bis-(hydroxyethyl)-trimethylenediamine below the surface of molten C10-14 fatty acid, which is stirred under a atmosphere of nitrogen, the water formed being aspirated after some time under vacuum. Specific compounds which may be so prepared are N-[3-bis-(2-hydroxyethyl) aminopropyl] - lauramide, -decanamide, and -myristamide.  Amides of the formula R.CO.N(CH3)CH2(CHOH)4.CH2OH, in which R.CO- is derived from a C10-14 fatty acid, are made by heating together equimolar amounts of N-methylglucamine and C10-14 fatty acid with constant removal of water formed. N-lauroyl-, N-decanoyl-, and N-myristoyl-, N-methylglucamine are described.  Amides of the formula R1.NH.CO(CHOH)4.CH2OH, in which R1 is C10-14 alkyl, are made by condensing a C10-14 alkylamine with d -gluconolactone in refluxing methanol, the product so obtained being recrystallized from methanol or ethanol.  Compounds specified are the N-laryl-, N-decyl-, N-dodecyl-, and N-tetradecyl-d-gluconamide.
Patent GB-368606-A (GB)
Title: Process for the treatment of natural and artificial cellulosic fibres with alkali
IPC: D06M13/332
Filed: 1931-05-22
Abstract: 368,606. Wet ting &c. agents. CHEMISCHE FABRIK, VORM. SANDOZ, Basle, Switzerland. May 22, 1931, No. 15194. Convention date, May 27, 1930. Addition to 364,844. [Classes 2 (iii) and 15 (ii).] The wetting properties of alkali solutions used for the treatment of natural and artificial cellulosic fibres are increased by adding a mixture of phenols or halogenated phenols with monoacylated ethylenediamines or their homologues, substitution products or salts. In examples, (1) technical cresols mixed with diethylaminoethyloleylamide are added to caustic soda solution, which then immediately impregnates and shrinks dry, raw cotton tissues and yarns ; (2) diethylaminoethyloleylamide hydrochloride is added to a mercerizing lye and the base which is precipitated dispersed by the addition of technical cresol mixture ; (3) technical xylenols mixed with diethylaminoethylnaphthenylamide or with diethylaminoethyllaurylamide are added to mercerizing lyes. Monoleylethylenediamine and chlorphenol are also mentioned as suitable components. Diethylaminoethylnaphthenylamide is prepared by treating asym diethylethylenediamine with the acid chorides of a naphthenic acid mixture. Diethylaminoethyllaurylamide is similarly prepared.
Patent GB-1107713-A (GB)
Title: Improvements in or relating to electronic systems and arrangements for recognising printed or written characters
Inventor: PARKS JOHN RONALD
IPC: G06V10/20
Filed: 1964-04-13
Abstract: 1,107,713. Automatic character reading. NATIONAL RESEARCH DEVELOPMENT CORPORATION. 12 April, 1965 [13 April, 1964], No. 15196/64. Heading G4R. In a character reading system the character is scanned on a raster of parallel lines to obtain a representative signal which is delayed twice so that three points may be compared which are each separated by a number of scan lines. In one form the character is scanned on a vertical raster, Fig. 3, and points indicated in the first fifth and ninth scans are compared. The signals from a photo-multiplier 40, Fig. 4, after passing through a logarithmic amplifier, are applied directly to tapped delay line DL3, through a four scan delay DL4 to tapped delay line DL2, and through a further four scan delay line DL5 to tapped delay line DL 1. Signals from selected tappings are summed in adder 64 and applied to an antilogarithm amplifier to obtain a signal representing the multiplication of the selected points. These may represent shape elements such as a diagonal line as shown in Fig. 3. The signal obtained is applied to'an integrator which stores it to allow character recognition to take place. In another form the scan is horizontal, Fig. 5 (not shown). The output of the logarithmic amplifier is switched into three channels representing three vertical lines and these are entered into tapped delay lines as before. The points to be added may be selected by a pluggable array of resistors. The inputs to the column wires are from the tappings of the three delay lines and the sum outputs on the row wires are representative of certain shape elements. The shape element signals are applied to the inputs of a further resistor array, the outputs each being representative of the degree of match with one of the possible characters. After amplification the outputs are applied to threshold circuits enabled by a pulse at the right instant. Any threshold circuit giving an output sets a corresponding trigger. To prevent multiple outputs, the setting of a trigger is arranged to reduce the gain of the corresponding amplifier and the threshold devices are enabled again. A single output with the highest signal on reduced amplification is accepted.
Patent GB-746598-A (GB)
Title: Method of decolorizing mineral oils
IPC: C10G25/06
Filed: 1953-06-01
Abstract: Mineral oils are decolourized by mixing a finely pulverulent solid absorbent with an oil and a solvent capable of removing absorbed colour bodies from the spent absorbent, passing the mixture to a stripping tower and removing the solvent as vapour, separating decolourized oil from spent absorbent, regenerating the absorbent by disolving the colour bodies from it with a solvent derived at least in part from the condensed solvent, and recycling regenerated absorbent and regenerated solvent. Absorbents referred to are "bead fines" produced in the manufacture of silica-alumina catalysts, magnesium silicate, montmorillonites, bauxite, silica gel, attapulgites and activated charcoal.  Solvents mentioned are ketones, such as methyl ethyl ketone and acetone, alcohols, esters and phenols; the oil treated may be first solvent refined, for example in a dewaxing process using a mixture of benzol or toluol and methyl ethyl ketone, the same solvent being used for the decolourizing step. The oil and absorbent may be separated by treating the mixture with hot water.  Specification 516,058 [Group IV] is referred to.
Patent GB-1309270-A (GB)
Title: Brake device in tape recorder
IPC: G11B15/22
Filed: 1970-04-01
Abstract: 1309270 Band brakes MATSUSHITA ELECTRIC INDUSTRIAL CO Ltd 1 April 1970 [7 Oct 1969] 15497/70 Heading F2E A band brake for use with a reel bed 101 of a tape recorder which is independent of varying coefficients of friction and having a band for braking a drum 115 associated with the reel bed 102 may comprise a single spring for applying the band to the drum connected between two ends of a lever and a fixed point of the recorder or may comprise two levers 110, 107 engaged by springs 109, 105 spring 105 being of greater strength than 109 and adapted to engage stops 111, or 108 to nullify the force of the spring associated therewith according to the rotational direction of the reel bed. With the reel bed rotating in a direction b, lever 110 engages a stop 111 to nullify the force of spring 109, braking being effected purely by spring 105. Rotating in the reverse direction spring 105 is nullified as lever 107 engages stop 108 and spring 109 is solely responsible for braking.
Patent GB-1411516-A (GB)
Title: Diaphragm valve housing
IPC: F16K7/16
Filed: 1973-03-30
Abstract: 1411516 Valves GEORG FISCHER AG 30 March 1973 [30 March 1972] 15510/73 Heading F2V A plastics housing for a diaphragm valve having lateral flanges 7, 9 and a central flange 11 the axis of which is perpendicular to the axis of the lateral flanges, is formed in three parts 1, 2, 3 with their joints 4, 5 having portions extending as shown in directions parallel to the surfaces 6, 8 of the flanges 7, 9 and to the surface 10 of the flange 11. Sealing rings 19 are provided. Protruding tongues 17, 18 on part 3 engage under protruding tabs 15, 16 on the parts 1, 2. The parts are secured together by means 13 provided with stress-compensating spring elements 14. Alternatively, the parts may be secured by gluing or welding.
Patent GB-478937-A (GB)
Title: Improvements in or relating to the manufacture of artificial filaments, yarns, filmsand similar materials
IPC: D01F2/30
Filed: 1937-06-04
Abstract: Artificial filaments, yarns, films, and like materials are obtained by extruding a solution, containing not more than 5 per cent of water calculated on the weight of the solvent medium, of an acetone-soluble cellulose acetate having an acetyl content above 56 per cent, calculated as acetic acid, the major constituent of the solvent medium being acetone.  The cellulose acetate may be produced by acetylating cellulose with acetic anhydride, acetic acid, and sulphuric acid, and ripening until the desired acetyl value and acetone-solubility are reached, or by subjecting a cellulose acetate of lower acetyl value to further acetylation.  The small amount of water normally present in cellulose acetate of 56--59 per cent acetyl content may be reduced by drying before the dissolving step.  The solvent used may be free from water or may contain a small proportion, e.g. 2,5 per cent.  The acetone used as solvent may contain additions of other solvents, and it may contain pigments, or dyes.  The solutions may be extruded into an evaporative atmosphere. The Specification as open to inspection under Sect. 91 describes also the employment of solutions of cellulose esters other than cellulose acetate and of liquids other than acetone as major constituent of the solvent medium.  This subject-matter does not appear in the Specification as accepted.
Patent GB-170046-A (GB)
Title: Improvements in and relating to induction furnaces having unidirectional circulation
IPC: H05B6/20
Filed: 1920-06-09
Abstract: 170,046. Wyatt, J. R. June 9, 1920. Induction furnaces.-In a furnace having a narrow channel which opens at its ends into a pool of molten metal and surrounds one limb of an iron core, one end of the channel is arranged to produce electrodynamic flow of the molten metal. Fig. 1 shows a channel narrow at one end 25<1> and widening towards the other end. The core may be displaced from the centre of the intermediate refractory mass 36 towards the narrow part of the channel and optionally downwards. Unidirectional circulation is produced in consequence of the sharp angle at one end, the obtuse angle at the other end, and the tapering form of the channel. A groove 24 in the bottom of the main chamber connects the ends of the channel. In another form of furnace, a section of which is shown in Fig. 7, the channel is branched so that electrodynamic action at the dividing angle produces circulation, which is increased by forming a sharp angle at one end and an obtuse angle at the other end of the channel. The core mav be eccentric and circulation may also be increased or diminished by tapering the channel. In making either of the above forms of furnace, asbestos paste may be rammed around a destructible core, having the shape of the channel, and between an outer insulating-band 29, Fig. 1, and inner band 30 around the primary winding. The iron core 15, 16 is held by angle irons 19. Parts of the casing are held together by bolts and brackets.
Patent GB-718651-A (GB)
Title: Improvements in or relating to optical goniometers
Inventor: CODD LAURENCE WILLIAM
IPC: G01C1/02
Filed: 1952-06-23
Abstract: 718,651. Optical goniometers. IMPERIAL CHEMICAL INDUSTRIES, Ltd. Aug. 19, 1953 [June 23, 1952], No. 15737/52. Class 97(1) An optical goniometer head has a crystal mounting formed with a hemispherical supporting face received in a co-operating supporting socket whereby pivotal adjustment of the crystal mounting abut two axes at right angles can be effected by movement of the hemispherical supporting face with respect to the socket. As shown the instrument comprises a base 10 having an arm 12 in which a collimator 18 is adjustable by a ball socket joint 20, 23 and which supports a telescope 32 and a lens 24 which may be moved on to the axis 14 of the telescope to convert it to a microscope, focused by a knob 33 engaging a threaded portion of the support of the lens 24. The crystal 59 to be observed is supported in a mount having a hemispherical surface 50 engaging a corresponding surface in a tube rotatable about its axis in a support 49 mounted on a member 39 which can slide longitudinally on ball bearings on a plate 35 mounted on the base 10 for rotation about a vertical axis on ball bearings 34. The mounting, to which the crystal is held, for example, by a magnetic member is attached by a universal joint 57 to a rod 56, spring urged to hold the surface 50 against the tube 49 and attached to a base 53 carrying two arms 55 arranged at right angles and each engaged by a screw 58, adjustment of which rotates the base 53 and with. it the surface 50 about two axes at right angles. Alternatively the end of the rod 56 may be engaged directly by U-shaped plates 67, 68, Fig. 6, arranged as shown and sliding in perpendicular directions under the action of pinions 71 engaging racks in the plates, the rod 56 being held against the two plates by springs 69 attached thereto.
Patent GB-351686-A (GB)
Title: Improvements in or relating to automatic valves
IPC: F16K15/14
Filed: 1930-05-23
Abstract: 351,686. Check valves. BELYAVIN, P., 2, Tennyson Mansions, Queen's Club Gardens, West Kensington, London. May 23, 1930, No. 15863. [Class 135.] A non-return valve comprises a series of elastic strips G grouped around a cylindrical seat A within a stop-ring B. The ring B is formed with a series of arched recesses B<1>, and with axial rectangular or other grooves H at each end of the recesses, to provide fulcrums H<1> and spaces wherein the ends of the strips may move. The strips are located transversely by segmental members C arranged on assembly bolts E between the stop-rings B. The members C may be formed integrally with the rings B. Specification 244,346, [Class 135, Valves &c.], is referred to.
Patent GB-903526-A (GB)
Title: Improvements relating to variable load vehicle braking apparatus operable by compressed fluid
IPC: B60T8/18
Filed: 1960-05-05
Abstract: 903,526. Variable load vehicle-braking apparatus. WESTINGHOUSE BREMSEN G.m.b.H. May 5, 1960 [May 8, 1959], No. 15878/60. Class 103 (1). In a load variable fluid-pressure braking system, operable by compressed fluid, there is provided a valve arrangement having, on the one hand, a control valve device 3 in which the valve control members 14 and 21 are adjusted relatively towards and away from each other respectively in dependence upon the vehicle load, and in dependence upon the magnitude of a brake application controlling pressure so as to provide a load modified pressure and, on the other hand, a relay valve device 6 for admitting compressed fluid to and releasing it from a brake cylinder 8, which relay valve device is responsive to the load modified pressure acting together with the brake application controlling pressure in opposition to the brake cylinder pressure. If the vehicle is unloaded, and the foot valve 9 is depressed, compressed air is supplied to the pipe 5b from the reservoir 10. The air flows through port 30b, chamber 28 and port 30a of the relay valve device 6 (Fig. 5), and through pipe 5a of the control valve device 3 (Fig. 4). Since the control piston 14 of the valve device 6 is not moved sufficiently by adjusting screw 47 acting through pivoted lever 12, when the vehicle is unloaded, to cause the valve 21 to be lifted, the chamber 19 and pipe 4 remain vented through ports 17, 18 and 42. As the pressure in the brake cylinder 8 and in the pipe 7 builds up in the relay valve device 6, a counter-acting force builds up through the throttle opening 7a in the ring chamber 43, until the force on ring area b is equal to the force on area c whereby the piston 29 and its sleeve 31 move to a lap position, in which the surface 34 of sleeve 31 meets the valve disc 35 and shuts off the chamber 28 from chamber 39. The brakes are now applied according to the " EMPTY " line of the graph shown in Fig. 2. When the vehicle is fully loaded, the control piston 14 of device 3 is moved to its upper position by the levers 2, 44, the crank 13, and the follower member 12, its valve seat 20 thus engaging the valve head 21a. When the foot pedal valve 9 is now depressed, air is conducted into brake cylinder pipe 7, and due to the increased pressure now acting in space 41 at the top of the relay valve device 6, the brakes are applied according to the " FULL LOAD " line shown in Fig. 2.