baber/WOPTO huggingface dataset:
Patent GB-1293698-A (GB)
Title: Method of incorporating volatile aromatics in hard candy
IPC: A23G3/36
Filed: 1971-08-03
Abstract: 1293698 Making hard candy medicaments &c RICHARDSON-MERRELL INC 3 Aug 1971 [10 Aug 1970] 36430/71 Heading A5B [Also in Division A2] Volatile ingredients are introduced into hard candy whilst it is in the plastic (heated) state in the form of a gel composed of a volatile additive, e.g. an essential oil, and "microfine" silica. A polyethylene glycol of M.W. 3000 to 10000 may be added to the gel before use to convert it to a solid which can be granulated and used in that form. Reference is made to many volatile materials such as synthetic and essential oils which may have a variety of physiological properties.
Patent GB-804896-A (GB)
Title: Improvements in "photoflash lamp"
IPC: F21K5/08
Filed: 1956-11-29
Abstract: 804,896. Photographic flash lamps. GENERAL ELECTRIC CO. Nov. 29, 1956 [Dec. 13, 1955], No. 36526/56. Class 9(2) Photoflash bulb 10, which may be of glass, quartz or other transparent refractory material, is filled with carbon disulphide gas and upon the filament 15 connecting the lead wires 13, 14 is a coating of solid material containing nitrogen and oxygen preferably in the form of an inorganic salt, which when thermally decomposed, produces a gaseous oxide of nitrogen. The filament 15 may be looped or helical and is made from a high melting point, high resistance metal such as tungsten, while the leads 13, 14 are preferably of copper or copper alloys. Suitable coating materials are alkali metal nitrates and nitrites and alkaline earth nitrates and nitrites, ammonium nitrate, mercuric nitrate and cupric nitrate. The coating may be 1 or 2 mm. in diameter and may be formed by dipping the filament 15 one or more times in a bath of the salt, which is maintained at a constant temperature.
Patent GB-895104-A (GB)
Title: Improvements in and relating to control valves for hydraulic transmission systems for winches
Inventor: HILDRE HANS
IPC: F16K11/065
Filed: 1958-11-13
Abstract: 895,104. Valves; hydraulic apparatus. HYDRAULIC A. S. Nov. 13, 1958, No. 36533/58. Classes 69 (2) and 135. A manually operated control valve for hydraulic winches comprises a housing 10 having a cylindrical valve chamber 12, a supply port 19 for hydraulic fluid from a pressure source such as a pump, exhaust ports 23, 24, ports 25 and 26 leading to the winch motor and a hollow valve spool 11 actuated by links 14, 15, rotatable shaft 16 and an operating handle keyed to the shaft. The spool 11 is centralized in the neutral position by two opposed springs 36 and 37, the spring 36 acting downwards on the top surface of land 27 and the spring 37 acting between the undersurface of land 27 and a supporting disc 38 resting on two stops 40 secured to the inside of the hollow spool. In order to compensate for the weight of the spool the spring 37 is given a pre-compression corresponding to the weight. In addition both springs are given a small counteracting precompression in order to ensure correct return to the neutral position. Movement of the spool is also damped by means of a dashpot device comprising a piston 32 secured by a stem 31 to the top of the housing 10 and sliding within the hollow interior of the spool, fluid being displaced from and drawn into the dashpot via two small passages 42 and 43 in the spool shell. During downward movement of the spool the passage 42 also permits pressure fluid from inlet port 19 to flow through the spool and out through the top passage 43, causing a small unbalance force in a downward direction. This force tends to compensate for the friction that may occur between the spool and the interior walls of the housing. A graduated indicator plate may be provided adjacent to the operating handle 17 and a pivoted fork member may be provided for locking the handle 17 in the neutral position. Specifications 609,512, 655,664, 777,230 and 777,231 are referred to.
Patent GB-1246225-A (GB)
Title: Preparation of benzyl alcohol derivatives
Inventor: SAARI WALFRED SPENCER
IPC: C07D263/14
Filed: 1969-07-21
Abstract: 1,246,225. Benzyl alcohol derivatives preparation. MERCK & CO. Inc. 21 July, 1969 [25 July, 1968], No. 36643/69. Heading C2C. Compounds of the general formula (R<SP>1</SP> = m- or p-halobenzyl) and their salts are prepared by etherifying a compound of the formula (m, n=0 or 1; Z=protecting group) with a morp-halobenzyl-containing etherifying agent and removing the protecting group, optionally followed by salt formation.
Patent GB-1090638-A (GB)
Title: Process for the manufacture of large-surfaced fibrous mats from fibre suspensions, and fibrous mat manufactured by the process
IPC: D21F1/02
Filed: 1964-09-07
Abstract: 1,090,638. Paperinaking. J. M. VOITH G.m.b.H. Sept. 7, 1964 [Sept. 6, 1963], No. 36653/64. Headings D2A and D2B. Sheet material is made from a fibrous slurry by depositing fibres onto a permeable matrix whilst maintaining in contact with the matrix a layer of slurry thick enough for free mobility of individual fibres, and then transferring the matrix with the mat deposited thereon in the immersed state into a liquid that contains very few or no fibres, and applying a pressure different across the matrix to compress the mat. As shown, two containers 4 and 5 are separated by a partition 2. Container 4 contains fibrous slurry and container 5 clear water, both to a level a little above the top edge 3 of the partition. The frame 10 has on its lower side a wire screen 9 and on its upper a hood 11 connected to a source of vacuum (not shown). With the frame in the position shown, vacuum is applied to draw slurry on to the screen, so that the fibres form a mat and the water passes through. When the mat is thick enough the frame is moved horizontally to the container 5. Vacuum is maintained to press the mat on the wire screen. The frame is then further moved to the space 15 and the formed sheet dropped onto the conveyer 16 for drying &c. Figs. 2 and 3 (not shown) show the application of the invention to a Fourdrinier machine, and a machine with an inclined wire screen.
Patent GB-721961-A (GB)
Title: Process for the production of finely divided silica
IPC: C01B33/193
Filed: 1953-09-11
Abstract: Finely divided silica, which is of high surface activity, may contain silicate, is suitable as a filler for elastomers, and imparts a Defo hardness of at least 6,000 to a mix of natural rubber when used as a filler in proportion of 30 per cent by vol. is prepared by reacting a solution or suspension of an alkali metal silicate, e.g. sodium silicate, with an acid at elevated temperature, e.g. 70-90 DEG C., in the presence of a dissolved salt of a metal of Group II, III or IV, the salt being present in a proportion of not more than one gram equivalent of metal ion per two gram equivalent of hydrogen ion of the acid.  The acid may be sulphuric or hydrochloric and the reaction may be effected with stirring and preferably under pressure of 10-300 atm. continuously in a reaction tube.  The metal salt may be calcium or magnesium chloride, or aluminium sulphate and can be added either to the acid or silicate solution or suspension, or the salt may be formed in situ before the precipitation by adding a metal oxide or hydroxide to the acid.  The reactants may be adjusted so that the final pH is 7-10 per cent. containing at least 1 per cent e.g. 4-10 per cent of the metal as silicate is obtained, or so that the pH falls rapidly to 7 and has a final value 0.1-7, when silica containing less than 1 per cent silicate is obtained.  The wet silica may be subjected to 10-200 atm. pressure in the pressure of water at a temperature below the critical temperature of steam and/or heated to 200-700 DEG C.  The product may be surface impregnated with stannic chloride or boron trifluoride, or with vulcanization accelerators or rubber additives, e.g. hexamethylene tetramine, diphenyl guanidene, stearic acid, or zinc stearate.  Specification 645,133 is referred to.ALSO:Finely divided silica which is of high surface activity, may contain silicate, is suitable as a filler for elastomers, and imparts a Defo hardness of at least 6,000 to a mix of natural rubber when used as a filler in proportion of 30 per cent. by volume, is prepared by reacting a solution of suspension of alkali metal silicate e.g. sodium silicate, with an acid, e.g. sulphuric or hydrochloric at elevated temperature, e.g. 70-90 DEG C., in the presence of a dissolved salt of a metal of Group II, III or IV e.g. calcium or magnesium chloride, or aluminium sulphate (see Group III). The reactants may be adjusted so that the final pH is 7-10 when silica containing at least 1 per cent., e.g. 4-10 per cent. of the metal as silicate is obtained.  The wet silica product may be subjected to pressure of 10-200 atm and/or heated to 200-700 DEG C. The product may be surface impregnated with stannic chloride or boron trifluoride, or with vulcanization accelerators or rubber additives, e.g. hexamethylene, tetramine, diphenyl guanidine, stearic acid, or zinc stearate.  Specification 645,133, [Group III], is referred to.
Patent GB-1433518-A (GB)
Title: Method and apparatus for load and discharge general cargo
IPC: B66F9/07
Filed: 1973-08-02
Abstract: 1433518 Unloading ships holds; masted lift truck K B L SVENSON and P-O A ERLANDSSON 2 Aug 1973 [14 Aug 1972] 36800/73 Headings B8E and B8H A ships hold is loaded by stacking general cargo therein by means of a masted lift truck running on rails in the hold between a cargo reception position, having, e.g. an elevator to convey the cargo from the quay, and the stacked cargo while unloading is effected by a reverse operation. The lift truck, Fig. 1, runs by motor driven wheels 3 on rails 1 in the hold and has a mast 6, which may be telescopic, provided with a load surface 7 raisable on the mast and a goods retaining framework 13, 14 also raisable on the mast. The surface 7 has conveyer belts 8 driven over rollers 9, 9a and a discharging plate 11 movable to push cargo off the surface 7 while the framework 13, 14, Fig. 3 has a gripper 20 to engage the edge of cargo and a nailed hold down plate 19 depressable by a ram 16. As shown in Fig. 5 the load surface 7 is movable up and down, arrows B, the plate 11 is movable in and out, arrows C, while the belts 8 can move in either direction, arrows D, and the surface 7 is movable sideways, arrows E, to position cargo correctly for stacking. The framework 13, 14 is also movable up and down, arrows F, and in and out, arrows G, and the plate 19 can move  up and down relative to the framework, arrows H.
Patent GB-504265-A (GB)
Title: Method of producing wooden sheets by joining adjacently disposed component pieces
IPC: B27F1/00
Filed: 1938-12-19
Abstract: 504,265. Wooden sheets. RAIMANN, H., RAIMANN, JUN., M., and BECKER, H. Dec. 19, 1938, No. 36904. [Class 145 (ii)] Lengths of wood are joined together to form a sheet by uniformly spaced interengaging notches on the edges the components being pressed together. The notches may extend wholly or partly across the depth of the wood. The notches may be spotted with glue to increase the strength of the joint.
Patent GB-970759-A (GB)
Title: Heating systems for steam flow control valves
IPC: F16K49/00
Filed: 1962-09-28
Abstract: 970,759. Valves. DIAMOND POWER SPECIALTY CORPORATION. Sept. 28, 1962 [Dec. 22, 1961], No. 36928/62. Heading F2V. A heating system for a steam flow control valve comprises a steam passage 37 connected to a steam supply 11 and steam condensing means 38 connected to the steam supply through the passage 37 to create a pressure differential and cause a flow of steam through the passage 37. In the preferred embodiment, a soot blowing valve 13 is connected by a branch pipe 11 to a steam header 10 and has bolted flanges 14, 20 with a chevron-type laminated metal and asbestos gasket 23 therebetween as well as a copper or other heat conductive gasket. An annular groove 35 is connected to the passage 37 and the condensing means 38, consisting of a tube partially embedded in the asbestos lagging, is connected to the header 10, to the drain, or to the pipe 11 through a condensate trap 40. A east steel valve seat member 24 is secured to the body by screwing or welding or both and may have a face of the material known by the Registered Trade Mark of " Stellite." The system reduces uneven heating of the valve.
Patent GB-762939-A (GB)
Title: Method of producing torch cases and the like
Inventor: SONG VUNG-KWE
IPC: B21D51/26
Filed: 1954-12-21
Abstract: 762,939. Making torch cases &c. SONG & CO., Ltd., V. K. Oct. 6, 1955 [Dec. 21, 1954], No. 36950/54. Drawings to Specification. Class 83 (2). A method of producing a torch case or similar two-diameter shell in which both diameters are small compared with the overall length comprises cold impact extruding a solid metal slug to form an intermediate cylindrical shell having the larger diameter and then deep drawing to reduce the diameter over the desired length. There are preferably tapered portions joining the bottom and sides of the intermediate shell and the smaller and larger diameter sections of the final case. The torch case is preferably of aluminium.
Patent GB-1067344-A (GB)
Title: Electro-mechanical transducer arrangement
Inventor: CRAGG WILLIAM DONALD
IPC: H04R1/22
Filed: 1964-09-11
Abstract: 1,067,344. Capacitor transducers. STANDARD TELEPHONES & CABLES Ltd. Sept. 11, 1964, No. 37242/64. Heading H4J. A high reactive impedance electromechanical pressure-operated capacitive transducer has its electrical output terminals connected across a low resistive impedance means, and the transducer has a voltage output response falling with increasing input frequency so that the overall voltage output response of the arrangement is substantially constant over the range 300 c/s. to 4000 c/s. As described, a bipolar transistor amplifier (T1), Fig. 4a (not shown), with a gain of 100 and an input resistance 100 K ohms has connected to its input a capacitor microphone represented by a voltage source V in series with a capacitor C1 of 100 pf. The microphone is constructed to generate a voltage falling at 6 db./octave with increasing frequency in order to produce a flat overall output response of the combination within at least the frequency range 300 c/s. to 4000 c/s. The microphone comprises a diaphragm D (Fig. 6) of metallized plastics sheet spaced about 1 mil. from an insulated back electrode E which provides acoustic resistance. The electrode E is in the form of a perforated metal sheet, or sintered metal, or sintered dielectric particles carrying a metallized covering on its surface. A tube G leads into the case F to form an ambient pressure equalizer. The diaphragm and acoustic resistance are such that the acoustic resistance is larger than the reactance of the diaphragm over the working range. The polarizing charge is either built into the microphone in the form of an electret or supplied from an external source. The microphone may be used in a deaf aid or as a telephone transmitter feeding into a low resistive impedance of a transmission line.
Patent GB-368790-A (GB)
Title: Improvements in extensible ladders
IPC: E06C1/12
Filed: 1930-12-11
Abstract: 368,790. Ladders. LOFT LADDERS, Ltd., Broadway Works, Bromley, Kent, and GORHAM, P. H., 5, King William Street, Greenwich, London. Dec. 11th, 1930, No. 37408. [Class 20 (ii).] Relates to means for locking the sliding sections of extensible ladders, of the kind wherein biased pawls on one section engage with ratchet teeth in the sides of an adjacent section. According to the invention, the pawls are interconnected. In the construction shown, the ladder section 4 slides relatively to the stationary section 1. The side rails of the section 1 are grooved and receive plates or ratchet-pieces 2 which are positioned at intervals equal to the pitch of the rungs 3. To each side rail of the section 4 is pivoted a pawl 5, these pawls being interconnected by a shaft 7 and so positioned that they engage with the plates 2 of the section 1. Weights 8 secured to the shaft act to bias the pawls into engagement with the plates 2. To a crank on the shaft 7 is connected a rope 9, which passes over a pulley on the upper end of the section 1 and is secured to the section 4 at 11. The section 4 may be raised or lowered by suitably operating the rope 9. The weights 8 may be replaced by a spring or, alternatively, they may be secured directly to the pawls. The invention may be applied to ladders having two or more sliding sections.
Patent GB-1372789-A (GB)
Title: Radioactive isotope sensor device
IPC: G01T7/12
Filed: 1972-08-10
Abstract: 1372789 Detecting radiation from radioactive source V N POZDNIKOV O L SAZONOV I M TAKSAR E R TESNAVS V A YANUSHKOVSKY A P GAVRILOV V P KORKONOSOV A V PERESYPKIN and E P SHAPOVALOV 10 Aug 1972 37464/72 Heading G1A Apparatus for sensing the presence or absence of radiation from a radio-active isotope at an intensity indicated by a detected pulse repetition frequency comprises a detector 2 coupled to a bistable unit 3 including a device 4 comparing the detected pulse repetition frequency with a one of two regular pulse frequencies provided from a unit 6, a bi-stable device 5 being operated as a result of the comparison operation to give a "Yes" or "No" indication on one of lines A and to control the unit 6 correspondingly.The two regular pulse frequencies define the response threshold which must be exceeded to actuate the relay and the release threshold which must zone below to enable the relay to release. Two arrangements for the unit 6 are described. In one, Fig.2  two pulse generators 7, 8 of different regular repetition frequencies feed AND gates 9, 10 which also have control inputs from the relay 5. Depending on which (Yes or No) line is energized one of the regular frequencies is fed via OR gate 11 to the comparison device 4. In another, Fig.4 (not shown), a single pulse generator is connected through selective frequency setting means to a shaper feeding the comparison means 4. The arrangements of Figs.2 and 4 are detailed in Figs. 3, 5 (not shown), and identify the comparison device 4 as a reversible counter provided with auxiliary circuitry which includes trigger circuits, the relay being switched by "up" or "down" overflow pulses from the counter. Applications referred to include sensing the level of liquids or bulk materials, the position or displacement of objects, changes in density of fluids.
Patent GB-1158273-A (GB)
Title: Process for Reducing Iron Oxide.
IPC: C21B13/08
Filed: 1966-08-22
Abstract: 1,158,273. Reducing iron oxide. INTERNATIONAL NICKEL CO. OF CANADA Ltd. 22 Aug., 1966 [27 Aug., 1965], No. 37556/66. Addition to 1,032,549. Heading C1A. [Also in Division C7] Iron oxide material is reduced in a process wherein liquid hydrocarbon is streamed on to the surface of a tumbling bed of the material pre-heated to a glowing state and to at least 900‹ C. to cause the hydrocarbons to form within the bed a reducing atmosphere containing reducing and oxidizing constituents equivalent in amounts equivalent to a CO : C0 2  ratio of at least 2 : 1 and containing less than one-third nitrogen, the reduction of iron oxide being effected by the reducing atmosphere formed, and in which sufficient additional heat is generated in the heating zone to provide thermal energy for the endothermic reduction of iron oxide and to maintain the heating zone at a temperature between 900 and 1200‹ C. and heat is exchanged from the heating zone to the reducing zone while maintaining the reducing atmosphere in the gently tumbling bed. Additional heat may be generated by combusting a fuel with an oxygen containing gas in the heating zone. The process may be carried out in a rotary kiln, through which the iron oxide material is passed as a bed tumbled by the rotation of the kiln, being reduced nearer the discharge end of the kiln, and the bed in which the reduction occurs is preferably of a greater depth than the bed in which preheating occurs. A solid carbonaceous fuel may be introduced into the tumbling bed of material.
Patent GB-1237547-A (GB)
Title: Differential spectral absorption analyser
Inventor: SMITH HARRY JOHN
IPC: G01N21/31
Filed: 1968-08-07
Abstract: 1,237,547. Spectral analysis. STANDARD TELEPHONES & CABLES Ltd. Aug. 7, 1968, No. 37638/ 68. Heading G1A. [Also in Divisions G2 and H4] In a differential spectral absorption analyser a rotatable filter wheel, Fig. 2, is located together with a test sample, in the optical path from a radiation source to a photo-detector, and provides both an overall intensity modulation of the beam at a frequency f 2  and also a modulation of each of two particular wavelengths contained in the beam at a frequency f 1 , the photo-detector output component of frequency f 1  providing the analyser output while the f 2  component (f 2  > 2f1) is fed back to an amplifier associated with the detector to provide automatic gain control to eliminate source or detector fluctuations. The filter wheel comprises a plurality of equiangularly spaced filters, alternate ones of which form a first set having a different pass band from the second set. The filters 9, for example, will have a pass-band chosen to match a strong absorption band of the substance whose concentration is being measured, while the other filter set will have a pass-band located where the substance is transparent. Thus, presence of the substance in the optical path will result in the modulation of frequency f 1 . The overall intensity modulation at a frequency f 2  is provided by ruled lines 10. After amplification (2) and removal of the f 2  component (3, 6) the f 1  component is supplied to a synchronous detector (7) controlled by pulses generated from the filter wheel drive motor. The synchronized output is displayed on a meter which may also include means for indicating failure of the light source. A separate filter circuit (4) is provided in the feedback path to suppress the f 1  component. To measure the concentration of a specific vapour the two wavelengths are usually chosen in the infrared region.
Patent GB-650681-A (GB)
Title: A method of coating the surfaces of bodies consisting of a core of chromium alloy and a thin layer of another metal
IPC: C23C8/02
Filed: 1946-12-23
Abstract: A core of chrome-iron, nickel-chrome, or iron-nickel-chrome having a layer of another metal, e.g. Cu, Ni, Ag, is given an oxide coating by heating in a non-oxidizing atmosphere to between 800 and 1,100 DEG C. as a result of which chromium diffuses out of the core and through the metal layer to the outside and is there converted into chromium oxide.  The metal layer is preferably deposited electrolytically and is of the order of 20 microns in thickness, the oxide layer being about 0.1 to 1 micron.  The application is said to be particularly suitable for wires of a Lecher system or of electric coils, or for current supply conductors sealed into glass envelopes of electric discharge tubes, particularly for operation at short or ultra-short wave lengths, and electric lamps.  Specification 567,766 is referred to.