baber/WOPTO huggingface dataset:
Patent GB-378498-A (GB)
Title: Improvements relating to the production of esters
IPC: C07C69/24
Filed: 1931-05-13
Abstract: Esters are produced from aqueous aliphatic acids by extracting the acid with an ester, ketone or hydrocarbon immiscible therewith, and then heating the extract with the addition of an alcohol to produce the ester.  In the examples: (1) aqueous acetic acid is extracted with ethyl acetate, the extract, together with less than the equivalent quantity of ethyl alcohol, being treated in a plate column to produce ethyl acetate; (2) aqueous butyric acid is extracted with ethyl butyrate, the extract being then reacted with less than the equivalent quantity of ethyl alcohol; (3) aqueous acetic acid is extracted with a mixture of methyl acetate and a supplementary solvent insoluble in water such as isopropyl acetate which also serves to carry off the water. Excess of methyl alcohol is introduced at the distillation stage. The extraction operation may be effected cold or hot.  The process may be applied as an accessory to the production of concentrated acetic acid by extraction with an ester and distillation of the extract.  The requisite quantity of alcohol is introduced continuously or otherwise at the distillation stage and esterification occurs during the distillation of the mixture for the recovery of the concentrated acid.  The Specification as open to inspection under Sect. 91 (3) (a) includes the use of other solvents miscible with the acid solution, and is not limited to aliphatic acids.  Alcohols and mixtures of alcohols with esters are mentioned as solvents.  In additional examples, aqueous acetic acid is extracted with butyl alcohol, the extract being treated in a plate condenser to produce the ester, the water passing off in a binary or ternary azeotropic mixture; and aqueous lactic acid is extracted with butyl alcohol, butyl lactate being produced in a similar manner. This subject-matter does not appear in the Specification as accepted.
Patent GB-112473-A (GB)
Title: Improvements in and relating to Antiseptic or Sterilizing Agents for use in the Preservative Treatment of Meat.
Inventor: SHERMAN ALEC EDWARD
IPC: A23B4/08
Filed: 1916-10-05
Abstract: 112,473. Sherman, A. E. Oct 5, 1916. Essential oils, extracting.-To obtain an essential oil containing a stearoptene having the formula C10H14O, the fruit or leaves of herbs such as carum copticum, thymus vulgaris, or monarda punctata are placed with water in a digester and are subjected to a temperature corresponding with a pressure of 10 pounds per square inch for about three hours. The liquid product is distilled to obtain the oil. To prepare the stearoptene, the oil is treated with caustic soda solution and the undissolved oil rejected; the alkaline liquid is treated with excess of acid and the precipitated product washed with water; or the stearoptene may be obtained by fractional distillation after treating the oil at a low temperature.
Patent GB-276099-A (GB)
Title: Improvements in and relating to securing ties for hollow brick and like walls
IPC: E04B1/41
Filed: 1926-06-04
Abstract: 276,099. Grieve, E. June 4, 1926. Wall ties; double walls.-A metal tie for hollow brick and like walls comprises a central plate portion having two horizontal strips b, at the sides of which are two upstanding strips a and two depending strips c. The strips b lie in the joints of opposite walls, and the strips a, c bear against the internal faces. The central portion may be corrugated or convex, and holes may be formed in the strips b and in the central portion. The tie may be moulded but preferably is pressed from a plate.
Patent GB-874442-A (GB)
Title: Improvements in or relating to stunning pens
IPC: A22B5/02
Filed: 1958-05-03
Abstract: 874,442. Cattle stunning pens. BILLING- TON, A., and BILLINGTON, R., [trading as BILLINGTON BROS.]. July 31, 1959 [May 3, 1958], No. 14201/58. Class 81 (2). A collapsible stunning-pen comprises endframes 11A, 11B, hinged to a wall 10, each carrying, pivoted to its free edge, a panel 33, 33 so that these panels when joined by latches 20, form a fourth wall of a rectangular pen. Wheels 21, 21 and castors 22, 22 are provided to enable the parts to be swung round easily, and the end frames have doors 18A to allow an animal to enter. The assembly is made rigid by struts 14A, 14B pivoted to the wall 10 and engaged with the outer ends of the frames 11A, 11B by means of removable pins. The pin may also be fitted with a neck yoke and a platform 38 for an operator. Specification 874,443 is referred to.
Patent GB-1220095-A (GB)
Title: Improvements in and relating to the conversion of a travelling moire-stripes image resulting from the illumination of two superimposed hair-line gratings into a multiphase system of photo-electric currents
IPC: G01D5/38
Filed: 1968-02-13
Abstract: 1,220,095. Digital shaft encoders. CONTRAVES A.G. 13 Feb., 1968 [23 Feb., 1967], No. 14248/69. Divided out of 1,220,094. Heading G4H. The description is identical to that of Specification 1,220,094 but the claim is for a photocell arrangement for sensing the moirÚ fringes, which consists of at least four strips of photoelectric cell, forming together a quadrilateral area, the strips being parallel to one diagonal and connected together in pairs so that the centre-of-gravity of each pair coincides with the centre of gravity of the whole area.
Patent GB-272673-A (GB)
Title: Improvements in distribution systems
IPC: E03B7/07
Filed: 1926-06-07
Abstract: 272,673. Delery, E. F., and Delery, C. H. June 7, 1926. Pipes, arrangement of.-Means for the even distribution of fluids in pipe systems, filters, irrigation channels, &c. comprise a fluid conduit 4 of substantially uniform cross-section and closed at one end, and branch conduits 2, also uniform and closed at one end, each branch communicating with the main conduit through a nozzle 1 and having nozzles for the distribution of the fluid, all the nozzles facing towards the inlet from which they are supplied. Fig. 1 shows the application to the wash water distribution system of a filter. The nozzles on the branches 2 are formed by shearing lips where required.
Patent GB-807349-A (GB)
Title: Colour television mask positioning and support assembly
IPC: H01J29/07
Filed: 1956-05-08
Abstract: 807,349. Colour television. SYLVANIA ELECTRIC PRODUCTS Inc. May 8, 1956 [June 2, 1955], No. 14295/56. Class 39(1). An aperture-mask positioning assembly for a colour television tube comprises a peripheral support 17 for the mask 13 and a plurality of brackets 15 mounted on the support, each bracket comprising a central portion 25 and end portions 27 disposed at opposite ends of the central portion, the end portions being formed, preferably with V-shaped grooves 29, to provide means for positioning the mask. The support 17 has a base portion 19 to which the mask is welded, a stiffener 23 and an upright portion 21 by which it is attached to the brackets 15. The upper end portion 27 cooperates with protrusions on the phosphorbearing tube face and the lower end portions cooperate, during mask processing, with pedestals on a light source. To provide only one locating position two of the brackets 15 are preferably 70 degrees apart and a third bracket is spaced equidistantly from the other two.
Patent GB-200463-A (GB)
Title: Improvements in and relating to heat-exchanging elements for use in radiators, condensers and like heating and cooling apparatus
IPC: F28F9/22
Filed: 1922-04-03
Abstract: 200,463. Serck, P. O. April 3, 1922. Straight tubes between headers.-Relates to radiators, condensers, and like heat-exchanging apparatus of the type in which one fluid flows between two headers connected by a series of straight tubes located in a casing, while the other fluid is caused to follow a serpentine path within the casing by means of baffles through which the tubes pass. The baffles 103 are arranged transversely to the tubes and are provided with sector-shaped spaces 105, the space in each baffle being staggered relatively to the spaces in the adjacent baffles. Preferably, the transverse baffles are also combined with one or more longitudinal baffles. In the arrangement shown in Fig. 1, a longitudinal radially-extending baffle 104 is provided and the spaces 105 are arranged alternately on either side of the baffle 104; in the arrangement shown in Fig. 2, a diametricallyextending baffle 108 is provided, so that the fluid flows downwards on one side of the baffle and upwards on the other side, and the sector-shaped spaces 110 in adjacent baffles 109 in each half of the casing are diametrically opposed.
Patent GB-878814-A (GB)
Title: Improvements relating to grease guns and like lubricant dispensing devices
Inventor: OAKDEN WILFRED
IPC: F16N3/12
Filed: 1959-04-28
Abstract: 878,814. Grease guns. GREASE APPLIANCE CO. Ltd. April 27, 1960 [April 28, 1959], No. 14390/59. Class 102(1). A grease gun comprises a cylinder A, a moulded low pressure ram B with an integral sleeve b, a high pressure cylinder C slidably mounted in the sleeve b having a a high pressure ram c mounted in it and a coil spring c<SP>1</SP> mounted between the discs c<SP>2</SP> and D to which the ram c is secured by the strap d<SP>1</SP>. The disc D has a central aperture d and is housed in a groove b<SP>1</SP> moulded in the low pressure ram b. The high pressure cylinder C has one or more ports c<SP>3</SP> through which grease is sucked when the ram c is forced outwardly by the spring c<SP>1</SP>. In operation grease passes to the inside of the sleeve b through the aperture d in the disc D upon movement of the cylinder C and ram B to compress the grease. Funnel movement of the cylinder C brings the ports c<SP>3</SP> over the ram c and so grease is forced out of the free end of the cylinder through a non-return valve (not shown).
Patent GB-475580-A (GB)
Title: Scoring apparatus for games
IPC: A63B71/06
Filed: 1936-05-22
Abstract: 475,580. Scoring-apparatus. THORNE, H. May 22, 1936, No. 14446. [Class 132 (ii)] [Also in Group XIX] A bridge-scorer comprises one or more endless tapes 11, 12 movable in either direction over rollers 17 by inserting a pencil into holes 19 in the tapes, which are twisted through 180‹ so as to expose at casing windows 9, 10, first one side of the tape and then the other, the two sides being marked with black and red numerals representing the positive and negative scores respectively. Along the edges of the slots 7, 8 through which the pencil is inserted are scales representing tens and hundreds. A tear-off scoring-pad 5 is secured to the casing base by ears 6. The tapes are located in grooved frames in the casing. The holes alone are visible through the slots 7, 8, the numerals being displayed at the score windows 9, 10. Marking such as dots and dashes may replace the holes, the tape being moved by a pointer or knobs on the rollers.
Patent GB-1008443-A (GB)
Title: Improvements in or relating to the production of a housing for electric semi-conductor arrangements
IPC: H01L21/48
Filed: 1962-04-13
Abstract: 1,008,443. Welding by pressure; soldering. SIEMENS-SCHUCKERTWERKE A.G. April 13, 1962 [April 15, 1961], No. 14484/62. Heading B3R. [Also in Division H1] In the manufacture of the housing of a semiconductor device two housing parts of different thermal conductivities are joined by resistance welding. To ensure dissipation of the welding heat substantially equally through the two parts the surfaces of the part of higher thermal conductivity meeting at the weld subtend there a smaller angle than the surfaces of the other part. Typically one casing member 1 is a copper-cap to which a silicon junction rectifier element 2 is soldered directly or through a plate of tungsten, tantalum or iron-nickel-cobalt coated molybdenum. The other member is the iron outer flanged member 7 of a pressure glass seal and bears against the outer edge of the cup. This configuration has the disadvantage that pressure exerted by the welding electrodes applied at 8, 9 produces an undesirable radial tensile stress in the pressure glass seal. Such a stress may be avoided by providing an inclined surface on the boss of member 7 engaging the inner edge member 1, or by forming a groove in the lip of member 1 and an engaging ring projection of triangular section on the member 7. The pre-tinned surfaces of tubule 4 and lead 3 may be soldered together or welded together using welding electrodes which also crimp the tubule about the lead.
Patent GB-796679-A (GB)
Title: Method of and apparatus for the production of filters for tobacco smoke
IPC: A24D3/02
Filed: 1955-05-19
Abstract: 796,679. Creped, stretched filter paper &c. MULLER, P. A. May 19, 1955 [Feb. 15, 1955], No. 14513/55. Class 96. Absorbent paper &c. 1 is perforated at 3, 4, with ragged holes, moistened by steam at 5 &c. to allow it to be stretched and creped between pairs of rollers 7, 8, . . . 9, 10, one roller of each pair having a creping rib coacting with a groove in the other; and the rollers 9, 10 may rotate faster than the rollers 7, 8, the paper then passing between knurled &c, rollers 11, 12 which deform the crepings irregularly. The paper then passes over a drying plate 13 heated electrically at 14, and is subjected, e.g., to hot or cold air from nozzles 15 and optionally also to lateral air streams; the web may then be perforated at 16, 17, in which case the perforating at 3, 4 may possibly be omitted; and it is then cut longitudinally at 18, 19 and wound up on spools 20, 21, 22, and may be used for filter plugs for cigarettes &c. Stretching when creping results in irregularly thinning the paper, e.g. at the crests and troughs of the crepings, or along their sides, and may result in irregular cracks or holes. Specification 796,678 is referred to.
Patent GB-311560-A (GB)
Title: Improved construction of fastener for folding hoods of motor road vehicles
IPC: B60J7/185
Filed: 1928-05-17
Abstract: 311,560. Salmons, G., and Balls, A. H. Dalby-. May 17, 1928. Catches, automatic; stud-and-socket fastenings.-A fastening for the folding hoods of motor vehicles comprises a plate F secured to the front rail G of the hood H and carrying a lug F<1> with wedge end F<2> engaging a spring-pressed catch A pivoted at D in a casing C secured to the top rail I of the front screen J. The lower walls of the end F<2> are curved, and a stop E is provided for the catch A. The spring B may be helical or flat.
Patent GB-475529-A (GB)
Title: Improvements in knitting-machine needles and the manufacture thereof
IPC: B21G1/04
Filed: 1936-05-22
Abstract: 475,529. Straightening needles. TEXTILE MACHINE WORKS. May 22, 1936, No. 14546. Convention date, May 29, 1935. [Class 72] [Also in Group XXII] Knitting-machine needles hardened during formation are clamped in a jig to prevent distortion during tempering. The jig comprises a block 25 with grooves N into which the hardened needles are inserted. The spring beards of the needles are positioned by a round headed rod 55 moved axially into position. Ribs 27 and clamping plates secure the needles in position. During the clamping the distorted needles are forced into a straightened condition. The jigs are loaded into baskets and immersed in a heating fluid to let down the temper and the baskets are then removed and quenched in a cooling tank.
Patent GB-1021670-A (GB)
Title: Method for corrosion protecting and cleaning drums, rollers, discs or cylinders
IPC: C23F13/00
Filed: 1964-04-09
Abstract: <PICT:1021670/C6-C7/1> To prevent corrosion of a rotating drum, disc, cylinder or roller, e.g. the drying roller of a paper making machine, an electrode is provided which is in contact with the roller through an electrolyte.  If the roller is dry, an electrolyte may be circulated through the electrode 22 to its surface, insulating blocks 21 being provided around the electrode.  The electrode may act to clean or polish the roller, and if a metal electrolyte is used the roller may be coated with metal.
Patent GB-1216111-A (GB)
Title: Automatic electrophotographic apparatus
Inventor: JOHNSON SIGURD WILLIAM
IPC: G03G15/26
Filed: 1968-03-27
Abstract: 1,216, 111. Electro-photographic apparatus. RCA CORPORATION. March 27, 1968 [March 30, 1967], No.14756/68. Heading G2H. An electro-photographic method of producing a print of an object, e.g. amulti-colourtransparency, comprises forming sequentially a plurality of different superimposed electrostatic latent images on a record medium each image corresponding to a different portion of a composite image of the object and each latent image being separately developed. An automatic apparatus for producing multi-colour prints is shown in Fig. 1 Record medium transport and exposure. A record medium 12, comprising a photo-conductive layer 11 on a conductive backing, is drawn from a reel 64 and held, by suction, on a metal platen 62, and exposed to light, from a multi-colour original (17) in a slide holder 18 in a projector 20, through one of colour filters 28-30, 32 and 34 in a filter wheel 36, to form a latent image. Exposure Test. A test filter is moved into position below lens 39 of a projector 20, and the amount of light passing through it is sensed by a photo-cell 60 whose output signal drives control apparatus 52 to energize a motor 54 to adjust lens aperture 39 to the required setting. During this time, a processing head 90, shown in Fig. 8, on a carriage 144, moves leftwards over platen 62. The head 90 is then driven to the right by a motor 160, Fig. 4 (not shown) and photo-conductive layer 11 is simultaneously rinsed and charged prior to the latent image formation. The processing head 90 comprises a corona charger 126, fluid applicator 92 and fluid removal means 94. Development. The fluid applicator 92 comprises an insulating block 99, disposed within a slot, 95, Fig. 7 (not shown) which forms the fluid removal means, and a plurality of flexible tubes 104, 106, 108, 110, 112 communicating with separate openings in the block, which openings in turn communicate with a metal manifold 114, Fig.7 (not shown) having a slit (115) through which toner or rinse liquids flow on to layer 11. The fluid removal slot (95) communicates via a conduit (118) with a hose 122 connected to a vacuum pump 124, Fig.2 (not shown) to remove excess toner or rinse fluid. The latent image, formed by exposure through one of the colour filters, is developed with a corresponding toner, through one of the flexible tubes, respectively connected via solenoid valves, 104b-112b to tanks 104a-112a. As head'90 reciprocates over layer 11, the developed image is rinsed to reduce the thickness of the toner layer to less than 3 microns, the medium is recharged, the filter wheel stepped to another filter, and the process repeated for each filter, the latent image formed being developed with a correspondingly coloured toner. A circuit Fig.13 (not shown) automatically controls all of the different steps of the process, and shuts off the machine when the final print, comprising superimposed developed layers of different colours is fed out of the machine.
Patent GB-326096-A (GB)
Title: Improvements in bunch transfer for cigar machines
IPC: A24C1/22
Filed: 1929-05-13
Abstract: 326,096. Triggs, W. W., (International Cigar Machinery Co.). May 13, 1929. Cigar-making machines. - In transferring a cigar bunch B from the arcuate rolling-table 10 to the bunch manipulator 18, the bunch is moved angularly about, and also axially of, an axis 15 which is equally inclined to the receiving and delivery positions of the bunch, so that the bunch is transferred from the inclined end of the table 10 into alignment with the manipulator 18. The bunch is carried by spring grippers 13 at the ends of arms 14 of unequal length and secured to the shaft 15, which moves axially in its bearings. The double movement is given to the shaft 15 by cam mechanism connected to an arm 25 on a shaft 27, which also carries a bell-crank 29 connected by an adjustable rod 30 to an arm 31 on a shaft 32. The upper end of this shaft carries another arm 19 which is connected to a bellheaded pin 36 projecting from the shaft 15. The mechanism 25, 27, 29 - - 32 is arranged at one side of the path of the bunches, so as to be clear of falling tobacco.
Patent GB-1127710-A (GB)
Title: Electric motor control circuit
Inventor: BRADFORD ROBERT SPENCER
IPC: G03B15/04
Filed: 1966-04-04
Abstract: 1,127,710. Automatic speed control. MINNESOTA MINING & MFG. CO. April 4, 1966, No. 14898/66. Heading G3R. In a system for controlling a D. C. motor 13 which drives magnetic tape 10, synchronizing signals derived from the tape are compared with reference signals for the formation, of a motorcontrol signal. Drop-out of the synchronizing signals arrests the control signal at a prior value, so that the arrested value of the control signal continues to determine the speed of the motor during the drop-out. Tachometer generator 14 of the photo-electric type produces a train of pulses whose frequency is proportional to motor-speed, a frequency divider 14' being adjusted in accordance with the pre-selected desired speed. The D.C. output of frequency discriminator 15 is applied to junction 16 which is connected through amplifier 17 to the motor. A magnetic head 20 co-operates with a control track on the tape to provide clock pulses through pulse former 21, gain-control network 24, and limiter 25, to a frequency divider 26. The output from the latter is fed to phase detector 23 which also receives reference signals from an oscillator 22. The phase detector applies a D.C. signal to terminal 16 to be added to the output of frequency discriminator 15 for controlling the motor, whereby the tape has the proper speed and phase relative to the reference pulses furnished by source 22. The frequency divider 26 establishes, at its output terminal 27b, a nominal frequency, regardless of the pre-selected tape speed, a four-position switch 27a being adjusted in accordance with the chosen speed to alter the number of effective dividerstages. During normal operation, a voltage is established across capacitor 30 which indicates average tape-speed. If there is a fault involving a gap in the synchronizing signals derived from the tape, contact 32a closes so that the capacitor holds its charge for a period, the motor being position-controlled in accordance with the voltage sensed and averaged at terminal 16. The speed continues to be controlled by the feedback loop comprising the tachometer generator 14. For controlling the contact 32a, pulses from source 22 are applied through delay network 33 and monovibrator 34 to AND-gate 35 which also receives differentiated pulses from terminal 27b. If one of a pair of pulses from the differentiator 36 is missing, the gate 35 likewise misses a pulse so that integrator 38 is not reset but continues to furnish an increasing output voltage. Trigger circuit 39 then feeds a pulse to contacts 32a, 32b, for connecting capacitor 30 to earth and for disconnecting the phase detector 23 from terminal 16. The monovibrator 34 additionally feeds differentiated pulses to a generator 41 to reset the frequency divider 26 to zero whereby counting can be restarted immediately upon reappearance of tape clock pulses after drop-out.
Patent GB-1493936-A (GB)
Title: Valve operator
IPC: F16K31/11
Filed: 1974-04-04
Abstract: 1493936 Valves EXPERT INDUSTRIAL CONTROLS Ltd 26 March 1975 [4 April 1974] 14916/74 Heading F2V [Also in Division H1] An electromagnetic valve actuator includes a fluid pressure sealed compartment formed of magnetizable silicon steel members 10, 12 and an intermediate non-magnetic stainless steel member 11, which is brazed or welded to the members 10, 12. A magnetizing structure 31 is releasably held on the cylindrical outer surface of the compartment by a retaining member 35. The structure 31 comprises a rectangular core 31 formed of a spirally wound magnetizable strip and an annular winding 23 both moulded within a resin body 33. The actuator is mounted on a valve body by bolts 16 passing through a clamping plate 15 or by a threaded extension (41) of the member 10. The armature 21, which is bored or peripherally slotted at 28, actuates a valve member via a push-rod 26 and may itself be manually moved by a pin 19, Stiction of the armature is prevented by a shading ring 30 and a non-magnetic stainless steel washer 23.