Patent GB-374848-A (GB)
Title: Improvements in or relating to machines for making composite yarns
IPC: D02G3/20
Filed: 1931-03-09
Abstract: 374,848. Forming composite yarn. WHITE, A. E., 5, Quality Court, Chancery Lane, London.-(World Bestos Corporation ; 52, Courtland Street, Paterson, New Jersey, U.S.A.). March 9, 1931, No. 7230. [Classes 120 (ii), 120 (iii) and 142 (iv).] A machine for making composite yarns suitable for weaving into a fabric for brake bands, having means for simultaneously forming a strip of paper-like material, e.g. asbestos fibres in the form of a paper-like strip, around a string of core material, such as cotton thread or string, and tightly winding reinforcing wire therearound, is characterized by the fact that said formed and wound material is held against rotation adjacent the point where the forming and winding operations take place. A bracket 12, Figs. 1 and 7, is bored to form a bearing 14, and has a U-shaped arm 15 which supports a bearing 16 below the bearing 14. A tube 17 is fixed by a screw 18 and groove 18<1> at the lower end of the bearing 16 and has the yarn-holding elements at its upper end. A sleeve 19 rotated by a pulley 20 fits round the bottom portion of the tube 17 and is surrounded at its upper end by the base 23 of a U-shaped bracket 22 which is attached to and rotates with the sleeve 19. A spool 25 of reinforcing wire, e.g. of fine brass, fits loosely over the tube 17 and rests on a leather washer 26 on the sleeve 19 and base 23 of the bracket. A second spool 29 of reinforcing wire rests on a washer 30 on a support 28 carried by lugs 27 midway up each arm of the bracket 22, slits 31 on the support engaging with ribs 32 on the arms of the bracket. The tube 17 passes through an opening 33 in the support 28 and is provided at its upper end with a fixed die 41, having a hole 42, below which three sections 45 form an opening with inwardly curved sides to hold the formed and wound material against rotation, some of the wrapping material being forced into the corners of the substantially triangular opening. Mounted below the tube 17 is a roller 47, Figs. 1 and 3, below which is an angle-piece 49 provided with a hole in alignment with the tube 17. A bearing 50, Fig. 8, attached to the support 49 supports a hollow stem 52 the lower end of which is extended on each side to form an arm 53 having a pair of openings 54 in which are mounted shafts 55 each carrying a pinion 56 and a pulley 57 with a plurality of grooves 58. A pulley 59 is rotatably mounted on the stem 52 and has attached thereto a flanged disc 61 which covers the pinions 56 and carries a small pinion 63 to mesh with them. A pulley 64 is screwed on to the stem 52 and separated from the pulley 59 by a shoulder 65. A bar 66 below the pulleys 57 is attached to a shaft 67 which rests in a bearing 69 and carries'a spool 68 which is reciprocated vertically, as the finished material is wound thereon, by a bar 80. The bar 66 and arm 53 are connected by a support 73 for a pulley 74 and the bar 66 carries a flyer arm 78 with a guide-pulley 76 at one end and an eye 79 at the other. A spool 102, Fig. 12, of core material such as cotton, thread or string is supported in an upright position at the top of the machine and the core material 105 passes therefrom through tensioning means 106 and guides 107<1>, 108 to the die member 41 at the top of the tube 17. Here it is wrapped round with a covering material in the form of a paper-like strip 110, preferably of asbestos, a roll 111 of which is supported on a pin 113 on a disc 112, tilted to prevent the roll from slipping off, and to allow the material to enter the die 41 at an angle. The paper-like strip is tensioned by passage between a roller 116 and a strip of resilient material. At the die 41 the asbestos is curled loosely around the core and at the same time is bound by wrapping wires 119, 120 passing from bobbins 25, 29 round pulleys 34, 40 and 36, 40 respectively. The tension of each wire is adjusted by winding it a number of times round the pair of pulleys between its supply bobbin and the die 41. The wrapped and bound material passes down through the tube 17 round the rollers 47 and into the upper end of the hollow stem 52 and thence round the roller 74 and the multigroove rollers 57 to the guide member 76, pigtail loop 79 and spool 68. The pulley 64 rotates the stem 52 and hence the pulley 74 about the axis of the yarn, which is accordingly twisted between the rollers 47, 74. The pulleys 57 act as the feeding means for the machine and are multi-grooved to prevent slipping. The speed of rotation of the feed pulleys may be varied by changing the relative sizes of the pulleys 64, 59. The spool 68 may turn on the bar 80 against friction to compensate for the increase in its diameter as winding takes place. The machine is driven from two grooved rollers 121, 122, Figs. 1 and 2, attached to the driven shaft 84 and connected by clutch members 83, 81 to the driving shaft 82. A continuous belt 123 passes over the pulley 121 downwardly and under a roller 124 to turn the pulley 59 in a counterclockwise direction as viewed from above. Thence it passes round pulleys 125, 126 to turn the pulley 20 in a clockwise direction, and then via the pulleys 129, 122, 127 to the pulley 64, which is rotated in the same direction as the pulley 59, and finally via the pulley 128 to the underside of the pulley 121. The pulley 126 may be mounted on a pivoted arm 126<1> and provided with a tensioning device for the belt comprising a lever 132 and a cable 133 passing over a pulley 134 to support a weight 135. The clutch member 81 is moved into or out of engagement with the clutch member 83 by a lever arm 85 engaging a groove 86 therein. The arm 85 is mounted on a shaft 87 to which an arm 93 with a handle 101 is rigidly attached. To start the machine the shaft 87 is turned in a clockwise direction by the handle 101 which is held in the raised position against the action of a spring 100 on an arm 99 by an arm 98 which moves under spring action to engage with a shoulder on the arm 93. To stop the machine when either of the wires breaks or becomes exhausted an arm 136 is mounted on a pivot 137 adjacent the hub 24 of the bracket 22. This arm has a cam surface 138 and extends beyond the pivot 137 to form the arm 98. A spring 139 urges the left-hand end of the arm forwardly and the arm 98 rearwardly. On each side of the bracket 22 is a lever 140 each of which has at its free end a rod 141 the end of each of which is pivotally attached to a lug 142 formed integrally with an arm 38 which carries a pulley 40. On breakage or exhaustion of the supply of a wire therefore the corresponding arm 38 will move upwardly and a lug 143 on the lever 140 will move downwardly into contact with the surface 138 to urge the lever 136 in a clockwise direction hence releasing the arm 98 from the shoulder on the arm 93 and allowing the shaft 87 to rotate under the action of the spring 100 to separate the clutch members 81, 83. The arms 38 are prevented from rotating too far in one direction by lugs 381 and in the other by lugs 39<1>. A lug 136a on the lever 136 provides a convenient manual stopping means. If the strip of wrapping material breaks a weighted arm 151 having a loop 152 in contact therewith moves and depresses an arm 149 which depresses one end 148 of a lever 145 pivoted to lugs 144 on the arm 136, and raises the other end 146 of this arm to contact with a cam surface 147 on the hub 24 of the U-shaped bracket. This causes the lever arm 136 to move in a clockwise direction to stop the machine as before. If the core material 105 breaks the wrapping material would not be sufficiently strong to pass through the machine and would also break, thus stopping the machine. To doff the bobbin 68 the whole winding and feeding mechanism is raised to free the shaft 67 from its bearing 69 and tilted (the bearing 51 being cut away to allow this) and the spool slidden off from the bottom end.