baber/WOPTO huggingface dataset:
Patent KR-20020041958-A (KR)
Title: Remembrancer Registrating/Searching System Relating to Specified Place Using Internet
Inventor: JUNG DONG HOE
IPC: G06F17/30
Filed: 2000-11-29
Abstract: PURPOSE: A system and a method for registering and searching the remembrance of a specific place using the Internet are provided to enable a user having the remembrance of the specific place to register the remembrance by using a text and a memorial photo image after confirming the place on a map. CONSTITUTION: The system comprises a client/server system connecting many clients(1a-1n) with a web server(7) of a system server(5) through the Internet by driving an embedded web browser. The system server comprises the web server and a DB server(9). The web server downloads an initial screen of a homepage to each client, downloads a menu screen according to the menu selection of a main homepage screen of the client by searching for the DB server and records the input content of the client in the DB server. The DB server comprises a map server(11) providing the electronic map data including to the homepage screen and a DBMS(Database Management System)(13) including a member information DB(13a), a remembrance information DB(13b), a contest DB(13c) and a time capsule DB(13d).
Patent KR-20020044666-A (KR)
Title: Beamforming System using Adaptive Array in Forward Link
Inventor: KIM JEONG HO
IPC: H04B7/04
Filed: 2000-12-06
Abstract: PURPOSE: A beam forming system is provided to form an optimal beam in a channel circumstance changing in an FDD mode by using an adaptive array in a forward link. CONSTITUTION: An array antenna receiver(201) receives an incidence signal. An access angle estimator(202) estimates an access angle of the incidence signal based on the incidence signal received by the array antenna receiver(201). A weight vector calculator(203) obtains the access angle of the incidence signal estimated by the access angle estimator(202) and calculates a weight vector having a maximal gain of an original signal. A determinating section(204) determines a parameter of a quality of service of the incidence signal received by the array antenna receiver(201) so that a beam forms a null in directions of an interference signal and a noise signal.
Patent KR-20020044799-A (KR)
Title: Ceiling type of air conditioner
Inventor: LEE YEONG SU
IPC: F24F1/00
Filed: 2000-12-06
Abstract: PURPOSE: A ceiling type air conditioner is provided to purify indoor air without installing separate structure for installation of electric dust collector. CONSTITUTION: An air conditioner includes a main body(54); an intake grill(90); an electric dust collector(60); and a control box(70). The main body has a heat exchanger(56) and an air blower(58) built in and is installed to a ceiling(52). The intake grill has inlets(92) formed to take indoor air into the main body and is joined to a lower side of the main body. The electric dust collector is placed in the main body to ionize dust in the air taken in through the inlets to electrify to remove. The control box has the electric dust collector, fixed on one side thereof to be placed on the inlets, the other side fixed to an inner surface of the main body and a control part, controlling the air conditioner, received therein.
Patent KR-20020047351-A (KR)
Title: Tranning Implement With Stereograph Play For Children
Inventor: GO JONG TAEK
IPC: G09B25/08
Filed: 2000-12-13
Abstract: PURPOSE: Provided is a learning tool for cubic play which is configured as cubic subjects of animals and plants shown in a fairy tale and so on to enable children to move cubic subjects and find out stories related to the subjects so that it improves the development of visual and auditory sense and touch sense for children. CONSTITUTION: The learning tool for cubic play comprises the parts of: a body(100) which folds or unfolds the formed subjects by cutting various forms from nonwoven cloth board(112a,112b,122a,122b,142a,142b) to make two pieces and filling fiber inside to get cubic effect; and plural cubic subjects(140) wherein a cubic part(144) sews the formed subject at more than two pieces and fills the inside with yarn for getting cubic effect and a support part supports the cubic part straightly and consists of nonwoven board like the cubic part.
Patent KR-20020047495-A (KR)
Title: Wireless receiving device for digital voice recorder
Inventor: KOO BON SEONG
IPC: G11B20/10
Filed: 2000-12-13
Abstract: PURPOSE: A wireless receiving device of a digital voice recorder is provided to collect propagation by using an antenna, and to demodulate the collected propagation to voice signals, to record and reproduce voices, thereby enabling a remote voice recording without a noise. CONSTITUTION: An antenna(160) collects propagation. A wireless receiving device(170) inputs the collected propagation, and restores the propagation to electrical signals. An OP AMP(180) selectively inputs the electrical signals to amplify the signals, and makes appropriate levels of the signals. An AGC AMP(190) receives fed-back portions of the electrical signals, and controls an inputting of the electrical signals, to prevent saturation of the OP AMP. A memory(220) stores digital signals compressed by a DSP(210). A CPU(230) normally operates a voice recording mode or a voice reproduction mode set by a conversion operation key(140). An audio AMP(250) inputs analog signals converted by a CODEC(200) in the voice reproduction mode, and amplifies the analog signals.
Patent KR-20020047974-A (KR)
Title: Cover for use in an inspect hole of transmission
Inventor: JI JONG SEOP
IPC: B62D25/20
Filed: 2000-12-14
Abstract: PURPOSE: Structure for closing an examination tool for a transmission is provided to improve the quietness of a vehicle by additionally blocking up the noise of a transmission via an insulating material and a veneer board. CONSTITUTION: A cover(30) consists of a head part placed onto the surface of a floor mat(10) and first and second branches spacing apart from each other to form upper and lower spaces. Veneer boards(16) and insulating materials(40) are respectively inserted to the upper space and the lower space. The noise of a transmission is firstly blocked up by a panel(20) and the unwoven fabric(12). Thereafter, the noise is secondly blocked up by the insulating material and veneer board. Therefore, the noise is surely blocked up.
Patent KR-20020048551-A (KR)
Title: Method for constructing character of cellular phone
Inventor: SUNG SEONG MO
IPC: G06T11/00
Filed: 2000-12-18
Abstract: PURPOSE: A method of constructing a character of a cellular phone is provided to form a unique character for a main logo of a cellular phone. CONSTITUTION: An arbitrary basic characters is displayed on a display of a cellular phone. A gradual up-grade list is displayed on the display with the lapse of a predetermined time from the point of time when the basic character is displayed to allow a user to select the list, thereby gradually up-grading the basic character. When the user select the up-grade list, item lists according to the up-grade list are displayed together with images and the user select the items lists to up-grade the basic character.
Patent KR-20020048764-A (KR)
Inventor: LEE SANG BOK
IPC: H01J29/76
Filed: 2000-12-18
Abstract: PURPOSE: A deflection yoke is provided to coat automatically hot melt on a screen portion by improving a supporting structure of a printed circuit board. CONSTITUTION: A deflection yoke has a couple of coil separator(10). The coil separator(10) is formed with a screen part(11a) combined with a screen portion of a cathode ray tube, a rear cover(11b), and a neck portion(12). The neck portion(12) is extended from a center side of the rear cover(11b) and combined with an electron gun portion of the cathode ray tube. The coil separator(10) is fixed to the rear cover(11b) and the screen portion(11a). A plurality of through-hole(21) is formed on a printed circuit board(20). A fixing section(22) is formed at a lower side of the printed circuit board(20). The fixing section(20) is loaded on a support section(30). The support section(30) has a loading portion(31). The fixing section(22) is loaded on the loading portion(31).
Patent KR-20020049756-A (KR)
Title: Fixing structure of moving communication terminal
Inventor: PARK IN SEON
IPC: H04B1/38
Filed: 2000-12-20
Abstract: PURPOSE: A fixing structure for a mobile communication terminal is provided to simply wear the mobile communication terminal at user's side by attaching a clip to a body of the mobile communication terminal. CONSTITUTION: A connection member(12) is composed in a rear surface case(101) of a body of a mobile communication terminal. A fixing member(14) is fixed to the rear surface case(101) of the body of a mobile communication terminal. A fixing screw(16) is coupled to the connection member(12) composed in the rear surface case(101) of the body of a mobile communication terminal through the fixing member(14) so that the fixing member(14) is attached and fixed to the rear case(101).
Patent KR-20010100755-A (KR)
Inventor: MIN YOUNG SUK
Filed: 2000-12-20
Abstract: 부실채권 거래 시스템 및 그 처리 방법이 개시된다. 본 발명에 따른 부실 채권 거래 시스템은 부실채권 매매 서비스를 제공하는 채권 거래 서버, 팔고자 하는 부실채권에 대한 정보를 통신망을 통해 채권 거래 서버로 제공하여 입찰 의뢰를 하고자 하는 채권 금융 기관에 구비된 적어도 하나의 채권 금융 단말기 및 채권 거래 서버로 입찰의뢰된 부실채권을 조회하고, 사고자 하는 부실채권을 선택하여 채권 거래 서버로 입찰 신청을 하는 투자가에게 구비된 적어도 하나의 투자가 단말기를 포함하고, 채권 거래 서버는 채권 금융 단말기로부터 입찰 의뢰된 부실채권의 최저입찰가를 채권 금융 기관과 협의하고, 채권 금융 단말기로부터 제공된 부실채권의 정보와, 채무회사에 대한 정보를 수집하여 데이터 베이스화하여 저장하고, 투자가 단말기의 요청에 따라 입찰 의뢰된 부실채권 목록 또는 채권 세부 정보를 데이터 베이스를 참조하여 제공하며, 투자가 단말기로부터 입찰 신청을 받아 경쟁 입찰을 통해 입찰 의뢰된 부실채권을 매매하는 것을 특징으로 하고, 온라인을 통해 다수의 국내외 잠재적인 투자처를 확보할 수 있어 신속한 부실채권의 매매를 성사시킬 수 있으며, 거래비용이 절감되는 이점이 있다.
Patent KR-20020051044-A (KR)
Title: Antenna matching device in mobile station system
Inventor: JUNG GYEONG YEONG
IPC: H01Q1/22
Filed: 2000-12-22
Abstract: PURPOSE: An antenna matching device for terminal system is provided to reduce a phenomenon of call drop and improve a quality of call by decreasing the number of CDMA(code division multiple access)/AMPS(advanced mobile phone system) hand-off. CONSTITUTION: A first antenna matching unit(101) matches an antenna(2) with a transmitting/receiving tap(1) in a standing wave ratio fitting for a CDMA mode. A second antenna matching unit(102) matches the antenna(2) with the transmitting/receiving tap(1) in a standing wave ratio fitting for an AMPS mode. A control unit(103) judges a mode of current transmitted/received signal and outputs a CDMA switching control signal or an AMPS switching control signal. A first switch(104) connects the first antenna matching unit(101) with the antenna(2) in case the CDMA switching control signal is received and connects the second antenna matching unit(102) with the antenna(2) in case the AMPS switching control signal is received. A second switch(105) connects the first antenna matching unit(101) with transmitting/receiving tap(1) in case the CDMA switching control signal is received and connects the second antenna matching unit(102) with the transmitting/receiving tap(1) in case the AMPS switching control signal is received.
Patent KR-20020052861-A (KR)
Title: Oil removing device of strip surface
Inventor: CHOI MUN HWAN
IPC: B21B45/02
Filed: 2000-12-26
Abstract: PURPOSE: An apparatus for removing grinding oil on the lower surface of a strip is provided which prevents contamination of paper so that paper is reused by removing the grinding oil on the lower surface of the strip, and in which paper is not pressed by the grinding oil so that stains are not printed on the surface of the strip. CONSTITUTION: The apparatus for removing grinding oil on the lower surface of a strip comprises a tension roll frame which is installed at the upper part of a base positioned at the lower part of a recoiler and ascended or descended by a driving cylinder; tension rolls(16) installed at both sides of the tension roll frame; a cleaning roll base which is installed at the upper part of the tension roll frame and ascended or descended by a pressure adjusting cylinder; cleaning rolls(22) which are installed at both sides of the cleaning roll base so that the cleaning rolls(22) are closely adhered onto the surface of the strip; and a cleaning cloth which is unwound by one side of the tension roll(16) and wound by the other side of the tension roll by passing the upper part of the cleaning rolls(22), wherein the apparatus further comprises a guide bar(32) which is installed in a strip supply direction of the tension roll frame and rotated by a driving cylinder(12); a brush roll(34) which is installed at the upper part of the guide bar(32) so that the brush roll(34) is closely adhered onto the surface of the strip; a pressure adjusting cylinder which is installed on the side surface of the guide bar(32) so that the pressure adjusting cylinder is parallel to the guide bar; a wiper frame installed at the upper part of the pressure adjusting cylinder; and a wiper which is installed at the wiper frame so that the wiper is closely adhered onto the surface of the strip.
Patent KR-20020054824-A (KR)
Title: Method for controling a return of transmission of 4→2→4 level
Inventor: KWON JUN UI
IPC: F16H59/18
Filed: 2000-12-28
Abstract: PURPOSE: A method for controlling a return to 2-4 speed change from 4-2 speed change of an automatic transmission is provided to reduce the shock when a transmission is returned to 2-4 speed change mode from 4-2 speed change mode by outputting 100% of PCSV(Pressure Control Solenoid Valve)-B duty for a specific time after PCSV-A duty is finished. CONSTITUTION: A method for controlling a return to 2-4 speed change from 4-2 speed change of an automatic transmission comprises the steps of a TCU(Transmission Control Unit) deciding the occurrence of 4-2 speed change control(S100), an actuator slow supplying a second speed pressure to a rear clutch while releasing a fourth speed pressure applied to an end clutch(S110), the TCU deciding the satisfaction of a 2-4 speed change return condition at a return control deciding point(S120), the TCU deciding 4 speed synchronization for t2 time, the TCU controlling PCSV-A duty finished by 0%, and outputting 100% of PCSV-B duty for a specific time after PCSV-A duty is finished.
Patent KR-20020054827-A (KR)
Title: Method for compensating learned value of rear oxygen sensor for a vehicle
Inventor: SHIN GI HA
IPC: F02D41/04
Filed: 2000-12-28
Abstract: PURPOSE: After resetting battery in an automobile, a learning value of rear oxygen sensor is recovered in a short time, thereby corresponding to an exhaust gas regulation. CONSTITUTION: In an engine mounted with a rear oxygen sensor and an engine control member, the engine control member decides whether a set learning value condition is met by considering whether a coolant temperature is over a set value, and whether a lambda feedback control is carried out, and whether a detected rpm is within a critical rpm area, and whether an engine load is within a set value. If the learning value is met, the engine control member applies a compensated value to a delayed lean burn combustion.
Patent KR-20010110065-A (KR)
IPC: A63B23/04
Filed: 2000-12-28
Abstract: The machine (1) provides fcr training a user in maintaining a correct posture when performing a physical exercise, and has a frame (2) resting on the floor and which supports a number of exercise devices and a supporting surface (3) for supporting part of the user's body. The main characteristic of the present invention lies in the machine (1) having means (4) for detecting a correct posture of the user and which are fitted to the supporting surface (3). <IMAGE>
Patent KR-20010022035-A (KR)
IPC: B67C3/26
Filed: 1998-07-20
Abstract: A method for filling a plastic container (8) while it is still hot and deformable without damaging it, when the filling comprises a phase (17; 13) during which a noticeable difference in pressure between the container inside and the environment external to the filling installation occurs, at least during part of said phase, consisting in placing the container in a sealed chamber (9) isolating it from the external environment and modifying (18; 12) the pressure inside the chamber to reduce, even cancel, the difference in pressure between the container inside and outside. The invention is applicable to the filling of plastic containers, with aerated beverages and/or their filling after a vacuumizing phase of their internal volume, immediately after they have been made by blowing.
Patent KR-20010031615-A (KR)
IPC: H04B17/00
Filed: 1998-10-22
Abstract: 본 발명은 능동 또는 기계식 스위치들을 사용하지 않고 고주파 대역 신호들 및 저주파 대역 신호들에 대한 무선 트랜시버와 테스트 장치의 일부 사이의 인터페이스로서 동작 가능한 테스트 장치 인터페이스 회로(108)에 관한 것이다.
Patent KR-20010024648-A (KR)
IPC: A61F13/472
Filed: 1998-11-13
Abstract: An absorbent article comprising a liquid pervious topsheet, a liquid pervious backsheet joined to at least a portion of the topsheet, an absorbent core disposed between at least a portion of the topsheet and the backsheet, and a waste management element disposed in at least a portion of the crotch region. The waste management element preferably includes a macro-particulate structure comprising a multiplicity of particulate having a nominal size of between about 1 mm and about 25.4 mm. The waste management element preferably has an Acceptance Under Pressure value of greater than about 0.50 grams of a viscous fluid bodily waste per square inch of the waste management element per milliJoule of energy input. The waste management element preferably also has a Storage Under Pressure value of at least about 0.70 grams of the viscous fluid bodily waste per square inch of the waste management element. The waste management element may also have an Immobilization Under Compressed Inversion value of greater than about 70% of the viscous fluid bodily waste accepted by the waste management element.
Patent KR-20010032274-A (KR)
IPC: E21B33/138
Filed: 1998-11-09
Abstract: 본 발명은 토양강화장치, 토양강화공구, 및 토양강화방법에 관한 것이다.  이 공구는 그라우트를 그라우트 분사수단(18)에 공급하기 위해 제 2챔버(36)가 마련된 하나 이상의 드릴튜브로 된 드릴스트링(17)과, 상기 드릴스트링의 일 단부에 부착된 드릴링수단(16, 19)을 포함하여 이루어진다.  드릴링수단은 충격으로 토양내에 구멍을 뚫기 위해 드릴비트(19)가 마련된 다운홀 해머(16)이다.  그라우트 분사수단(18)은 다운홀 해머(16)의 일 단부의 주변에 장착되며, 그라우트의 분사를 위해 상기 드릴스트링내에 하나 이상의 측면 개구(40)를 포함한다.
Patent KR-20010033183-A (KR)
Title: 가변 비선형 쳐프트 격자
IPC: G02F1/01
Filed: 1998-12-15
Abstract: 본 발명은 가변 분산 보상, 직접 변조된 다이오드 레이저(102)에서의 쳐프 감축 및 광학 펄스 처리를 위한 비선형 쳐프트 광섬유 격자(100)에 관한 것이다.  다이내믹한 분산 보상 매커니즘은 비선형 쳐프트 광섬유 격자(100)를 기초로 하는 광섬유 통신 시스템에서 구현될 수 있다.
Patent KR-20010033243-A (KR)
Title: 원격 제어 장치 코드 탐색 방법 및 장치
IPC: G08C19/28
Filed: 1997-12-19
Abstract: 범용 원격 제어 장치, 및 범용 원격 제어 장치를 프로그래밍하는 방법은 사용자로 하여금, 원하는 신호 포맷을 포함하는 원격 제어 신호 포맷의 세트를 사용자가 빠르고 쉽게 식별하게 하고, 그 후에 상기 원하는 신호 포맷을 식별하기 위해 식별된 세트내의 신호 포맷을 개별적으로 시험하도록 허용한다. 기준 코드, 또는 다른 식별 정보는 바람직한 신호 포맷과 관련된다. 동작의 코드 탐색 모드에서, 본 범용 원격 제어 장치는, 제 1 제어 키(76)를 누르는 사용자에 응답하여 메모리 회로(RAM, ROM)에 저장된 다수의 신호 포맷의 세트 중 하나를 생성시키고 송신한다. 사용자는 원하는 신호 포맷을 포함하는 신호 포맷의 세트를 식별하기 위해 제 1 제어 키를 반복적으로 누르고, 피제어 장치를 관찰한다. 원하는 신호 포맷의 세트가 식별된 후에, 사용자는, 식별된 신호 포맷의 세트내의 각 신호 포맷을 개별적으로 송신하기 위해 제 2 또는 제 3 제어 키(74, 78)를 누른다. 사용자는 원하는 신호 포맷을 식별하기 위해 제 2 및 제 3 제어 키를 반복적으로 누르고, 피제어 장치를 관찰한다.
Patent KR-20010034038-A (KR)
Title: 웨이퍼의 도금지그
IPC: H01L21/02
Filed: 1999-01-12
Abstract: 본 발명은 간단한 구조로 개개의 통전핀을 도금액으로부터 완전하게 밀봉할 수 있는 웨이퍼의 도금지그를 제공하는 것이다. 
     이를 위하여 본 발명에서는 지그본체(11)에 복수의 통전핀과 복수의 파지(把持)기구(13)를 설치하고, 각 통전핀의 주위를 둘러 싸도록 밀봉패킹(20)을 설치하여 파지기구(13)로 웨이퍼를 쥐었을　때 통전핀의 선단이 상기 웨이퍼의 도전막상에 접촉함과 동시에 각 통전핀이 밀봉패킹(20)으로 밀봉되도록 구성하였다.
Patent KR-20010040668-A (KR)
Title: 초음파 조사 장치
IPC: A61N7/00
Filed: 1998-11-09
Abstract: 본 발명은 초음파에 의해 생체 지방의 지방분해를 행하는 장치를 개시한다. 유효 초음파는 15 - 140 kHz의 저주파수 영역에서, 15 - 50 kHz의 범위에서는 세기가 10 mW/cm 2 보다 크고 용혈한계값보다 작으며, 50 - 140 kHz의 범위에서는 세기가 4 mW/cm 2 보다 크고 용혈한계값 또는 MI를 근거로 한 안전기준값보다 작은 것을 특징으로 한다. 또한, 본 발명은 180 kHz - 1.3 MHz의 고주파영역에서, 180 - 700 kHz의 범위에서는 세기가 10 mW/cm 2 보다 크고 MI를 근거로 한 안전기준값보다 작으며, 700 kHz - 1.3 MHz의 범위에서는 세기가 800 mW/cm 2 보다 크고 MI를 근거로 한 안전기준값보다 작은 것을 특징으로 한다.
Patent KR-20010034506-A (KR)
IPC: C08G59/26
Filed: 1999-02-12
Abstract: 하기 성분 (A), (B), 및 (C): 
     (A) 1000 내지 20000의 수평균 분자량, 5 내지 200의 산가, 및 30 ℃ 내지 120 ℃의 유리전이온도를 갖는 카르복실기-함유 수지, 
     (B) 한 분자중에 2 개 이상의 식 (1)로 나타낸 구조를 갖는 폴리-β-메틸글리시딜 화합물: 
     [화학식 1] 
     
       
     
     및, 
     (C) 열황변 억제제로서 입체-장애 아민을 함유하는 분체도료용 수지조성물.
Patent KR-20010043542-A (KR)
IPC: F01L1/344
Filed: 1998-05-12
Abstract: The device for adjusting the phase position of a shaft, especially a camshaft that can be rotated by a drive shaft, more particularly a crankshaft, by a transmission device with at least one transmission wheel, is configured as a rotary piston machine according to the orbit principle. The inventive device adjusts the rotary position of the transmission wheel in relation to the shaft. The rotary pistol machine includes a stator with inner teeth, an annular rotary piston with outer teeth that engage with the inner teeth of the stator, a driven part that can be rotated by the rotary piston and a valve that can be rotated by the rotary piston and a valve device. In order to control the movement of the rotary piston, the valve device enables rotating partial areas of the working area between the stator and the rotary piston to be joined to a fluid supply device at high or low pressure. The fluid supply device includes a control mechanism, a phase position detector and at least one control valve. It enables a theoretical phase position to be adjusted by actuating the valve in a corresponding manner. Fluidic connection to be adjustment device occurs by two angular rotational connections.
Patent KR-20010025092-A (KR)
Title: 적응성 저잡음 전류 발생기 및 방법
IPC: G05F3/26
Filed: 1999-05-21
Abstract: 본 발명은 디스크 드라이브 헤드 및 일 실시예에서의 자기 저항 헤드(98)에 대해 저잡음 전류를 발생시키는 방법 및 장치에 관한 것이다.  일 실시예에서, 디바이스 잡음을 감소시키기 위해, 자동 조절 회로(220)는 전계 효과 트랜지스터 전류 미러(210)의 원하는 최소 유효 폭/길이 비를 달성하도록 선택된 쌍의 전류 미러 트랜지스터(301.m, 310.m)를 선택적으로 디스에이블한다.  일 실시예에서, 자기 디스크 드라이브의 자기 저항 헤드에 일정한 전류가 공급된다.
Patent KR-20020057333-A (KR)
Title: Magnetoesistance-type vibration sensor and a method for sensing vibration using the same
Inventor: KIM CHUL SUNG
IPC: G01H11/02
Filed: 2001-01-04
Abstract: PURPOSE: A magnetoresistance type vibration sensor and method for measuring vibration using the same are provided to simplify a driving circuit and a detecting circuit. CONSTITUTION: A vibration sensor includes a permanent magnet(4) attached on a sensor matrix(5); a highly-elastic vibrating plate(3) fixed to the sensor matrix; a colossal magnetoresistance(CMR) material(1) supported by the highly-elastic vibrating plate to be placed on a point separated from a pole of the permanent magnet; and a detective electrode(2) attached to measure fluctuation of magnetoresistance of the CMR material so that the detective electrode outputs electric signal when magnetoresistance of the CMR material is changed by fluctuation of magnetic flux density due to change of distance between the CMR material and an axis of magnetic field(7) generated by the permanent magnet as the CMR material is vibrated by force impressed from outside.