baber/WOPTO huggingface dataset:
Patent GB-666499-A (GB)
Title: Separation of diallyl phthalate by distillation
IPC: B01D3/14
Filed: 1948-11-15
Abstract: Monomeric diallyl phthalate is separated from a mixture containing the same by reduced pressure distillation in a fractionating column comprising the following sections one above the other (1) a stripping section into which steam is introduced and from which higher boiling components are withdrawn; (2) a heating section into an upper part of which a diallyl phthalate mixture preheated to below its decomposition temperature is introduced and from a lower part of which some of the mixture not vaporized is heated and recycled to the heating section; (3) a rectification section; and (4) a condensation section from which lower boiling components are withdrawn, at least part of them cooled, and <PICT:0666499/III/1> part of them recycled to the column.  Diallyl phthalate mixture from line 8 and water from line 9 are heated to 150-200 DEG C in a thermostatically controlled heater 5 and fed to a fractionating column operating at 25-100 mm. of Hg. pressure.  Purified monomeric diallyl phthate is removed via line 12, part being returned to the column via line 24 and the rest taken to a cooler 6.  Part of the product from cooler 6 is recycled to the column via line 26 and part withdrawn via line 20, the amount withdrawn being controlled by a level controller 21 which is adjusted so that a liquid level is maintained on a tray 22.  Conduit 13 carries off steam and some diallyl phthalate vapours which are recovered in an entrainment separator 14 and returned to the column via line 27 or withdrawn via line 28.  Part of the diallyl phthalate mixture not vaporized is collected by a catch tray in the bottom of the heating section 2 and is recycled to the column via line 25 and the heater 5.  Liquid not collected descends into stripping section 1 into which steam, preferably at 10-25 DEG C above the preheated diallyl phthalate mixture, is introduced via line 18 and from which low boiling impurities are withdrawn via line 23.  Preferably the distillation and preheating is carried out in the absence of oxygen. The apparatus may also be used to separate diallyl phthalate from lower boiling point impurities in which case the diallyl phthalate is obtained as a bottoms product.  The Specification as open to inspection under Sect. 91 states that the invention is applicable to heat-sensitive materials generally, of which the following are exemplified: (1) unsaturated esters of polycarboxylic acids and monohydric or polyhydric alcohols, of which a large number are specified; (2) dicarboxylic acids having corrosion resisting properties (many specified); and (3) waxes obtained by the distillation under reduced pressure of crude oil fractions.  In an example, short residue petrolatum is mixed with water, preheated to 200-250 DEG C and distilled in a fractionating column as described above.  This subject-matter does not appear in the Specification as accepted.
Patent GB-639960-A (GB)
Title: Improvements relating to cellulose ester compositions
IPC: C08L1/10
Filed: 1947-11-06
Abstract: Cellulose propionate containing not more than 0.3 free hydroxyl groups per glucose unit is plasticized by the addition of a plasticizer at least 75 per cent by weight of which is a hydrocarbon. The compositions have low power-factor and high dielectric strength and may be used as moulding and coating compositions or for the production of films and foils.  The hydrocarbon plasticizer may be a mixture of partially hydrogenated mixed terphenyls (see Group IV (b)), mono-amyl naphthalene, di-amyl naphthalene and o-terphenyl. The remainder of the plasticizer may be an ester such as dibutyl sebacate, dioctyl oxalate, dihexyl adipate, tri-(2-ethylhexyl)-phosphate, di-n-octyl phthalate, dibutyl phthalate and triphenyl phosphate. The total amount of plasticizer may vary from about 5-35 per cent by weight of the cellulose propionate.  The composition may be prepared by known methods.  In an example, 100 parts by weight of flake cellulose propionate having 0.3 free hydroxyl groups per glucose unit are combined with 15 parts by weight of partially hydrogenated mixed isomeric terphenyls, converted on hot rolls from which the mixture is taken off in sheet form and broken up to give a moulding powder.  Specification 639,961 is referred to.ALSO:Partially hydrogenated mixed isomeric terphenyls are obtained by hydrogenation of the higher boiling fraction obtained in the preparation of diphenyl by the pyrolysis of benzene.  The light yellow high-boiling fraction (B.P. above 370 DEG  C.) is catalytically hydrogenated at 160-225 DEG  C. using a nickel catalyst and a hydrogen pressure of 500-600 lbs. per square inch.
Patent GB-1000685-A (GB)
Title: New dithianes and the preparation thereof
IPC: C07D339/08
Filed: 1963-07-25
Abstract: The invention comprises 2,5-dihydroxy-1,4-dithianes which are mono-alkylated or dialkylated in the 3- and/or 6-positions, and their esters with carboxylic acids.  The new compounds have the formula <FORM:1000685/C2/1> in which R1, R2, R3 and R4 are alkyl radicals or not more than 3 of them may be hydrogen atoms, and Ac is an acyl group or a hydrogen atom.  Preferably the alkyl radicals and acyl groups contain 1-32 carbon atoms.  When Ac is an acyl group it may be derived, for example, from formic acid, acetic acid, propionic acid, butyric acid, valeric acid, oxalic acid, malic acid, maleic acid, succinic acid, adipic acid, benzoic acid, benzylic acid, phthalic acid and salicylic acid.  The 2,5-dihydroxy-1,4-dithianes alkylated in the 3- and/or 6-position are prepared by the action of a metal hydrosulphide on an a -halo-aldehyde, preferably in a solvent. The dihydroxy compound may then be esterified by reacting it with an acid in the presence of a water acceptor, or preferably an acid anhydride in an organic solvent.  The aldehydes used may have the formula <FORM:1000685/C2/2> or <FORM:1000685/C2/3> in which R1 and R2 are alkyl groups and X is a halogen.  Preferably the acid sulphides are those of alkali metals.  The process is preferably carried out at a temperature between 15 DEG  and 35 DEG  C.  If desired, a mixture of aldehydes may be used.
Patent GB-767828-A (GB)
Title: Anti-dazzle devices for vehicle headlamps
IPC: F21V11/00
Filed: 1953-10-27
Abstract: 767,828. Vehicle headlamps. WILLIAMS, R. J. Oct. 26, 1954 [Oct. 27, 1953], No. 29625/53. Class 75(4) A vehicle headlamp anti-dazzle device comprises a louvre screen mounted in a carrier ring E for fitting to the head lamp, e.g. to the reflector and consisting of a series of louvres 4-11 having reflecting under surfaces and non-reflecting upper surfaces extending horizontally across the upper half of the ring E and pivoting in the ring to be tiltable about horizontal axes and of an assembly of louvres extending across a central horizontal zone of the ring and constituted by a series of vertical louvres B in the "off side" half portion of the zone with reflecting "near side" facing surfaces and non-reflecting other surfaces and by a series of horizontal louvres 1, 2, 3, in the "near side" half portion of the zone. In order to intercept all light rays coming directly from the source and to reflect such light which normally produces glare and dazzle on to the road surface and towards the near side of the high-way, the horizontal louvres 1-11 and the vertical louvres B extend rearwardly the greater the nearer they are disposed to the source of light. The rear edges of the louvres 4-11 are supported on pins 12 projecting from a rod oc extending from the upper part of the ring E and being movable in an axial direction to adjust the tilt of the louvres about their pivot pins 13 by means of an adjusting nut 14 the lower end of the rod bearing in apertures in the louvres 2 and 3 to prevent it rotating. The assembly of horizontal louvres 1, 2 and 3 and the vertical louvres B are formed as a rigid cage supported in the ring. The leading edge of the louvre 2 is equidistant between louvres 1 and 3 and the louvre is inclined upwards to the rear at an angle of 10 degrees.
Patent GB-670554-A (GB)
Title: Improvements in or relating to electron discharge devices employing secondary electron emission and electrodes for use therein
Inventor: BULL CABOT SEATON
IPC: H01J1/32
Filed: 1945-11-07
Abstract: 670,554. Electrode materials. ELECTRIC & MUSICAL INDUSTRIES, Ltd. Oct. 26, 1946 [Nov. 7, 1945], No. 29631/45. Class 39 (i). A secondary electron emitting electrode comprises a conductive support and a relatively thick coating, i.e. greater than 10<SP>-4</SP> inches thick, of an intimate mixture of oxides of magnesium and barium containing at least 15 per cent and preferably 34 per cent barium oxide. The permitted range of barium oxide is 20-50 per cent. The base may be of nickel, platinum or goldplated molybdenum. Nickel is cleaned at red heat to remove the harmful oxide coating and a thin coating of magnesium applied, e.g. by evaporation, to yield a coating less than 10<SP>-6</SP> inches thick. 40 per cent of barium carbonate and 60 per cent magnesium oxide are mixed and sintered for 1 hour at 1200‹ C. in air. The mixture is ball-milled in acetone containing nitro-cellulose and deposited by cataphoresis on the nickel base. The electrode is assembled in a valve, e.g. as described in Specification 601,966, which is degassed and heated to between 700-900‹ C. Heating is by primary electron bombardment or by an auxiliary heater. Specifications 670,582, 670,583 and 670,593 also are referred to.
Patent GB-939791-A (GB)
Title: Heat resistant materials
Inventor: BLOOMFIELD PETER RICHARD
IPC: C01B21/097
Filed: 1959-08-31
Abstract: Heat resistant material containing phosphorus oxynitride is prepared by reacting polymeric phosphonitrilic chloride with an oxide of a metal which has an anhydrous oxide in a stable valency state, which anhydrous oxide is thermally stable up to at least 350 DEG C., and which metal also has a chloride in the same valency state which is stable and nonvolatile up to at least 300 DEG C. Suitable oxides are sodium oxide, magnesium oxide, zinc oxide, calcium oxide, cuprous oxide, cupric oxide, bismuth oxide, ferric and lead monoxide.  The mixture of reactants may be heated in a mould at a temperature above 150 DEG C. or may be used to impregnate glass or asbestos cloth which is then heated in a press.  Powdered glass, asbestos flock, or mica flakes may be used as fillers. Products of high strength and resistant to organic solvents, water, acids, and alkalis may be formed.  In Example II, layers of glass cloth are impregnated and then laminated under pressure. Example VIII yields a brittle foamed product useful as a heat insulating material.  Example IX uses zinc oxide, the zinc chloride formed being extracted with ether or water.ALSO:Heat resistant material containing phosphorus oxynitride is prepared by reacting polymeric phosphoritrilic chloride with an oxide of a metal which has an anhydrous oxide in a stable valency state, which anhydrous oxide is thermally stable up to at least 350 DEG C. and which metal also has a chloride in the same valency state which is stable and non-volatile up to at least 300 DEG C. Suitable oxides are sodium oxide, magnesium oxide, zinc oxide, calcium oxide, cuprous oxide, cupric oxide, bismuth oxide, ferric oxide, and lead monoxide.  The mixture of reactants may be heated in a mould at a temperature above 150 DEG C. or may be used to impregnate glass or asbestos cloth which is then heated in a press.  Powdered glass, asbestos flock, or mica flakes may be used as fillers.  Products of high strength and resistant to organic solvents, water, acids, and alkalis may be formed.  In Example II, layers of glass cloth are impregnated and then laminated under pressure.  Example VIII yields a brittle foamed product useful as a heat insulating material.  Example IX uses zinc oxide, the zinc chloride formed being extracted with ether or water.
Patent GB-1495746-A (GB)
Title: Polymerisation of unsaturated amides
IPC: C07C255/31
Filed: 1974-07-05
Abstract: 1495746 Photo-sensitive materials comprising amides CIBA-GEIGY AG 23 May 1975 [5 July 1974(2)] 29802/74 and 29803/74 Heading G2C [Also in Division C3] Photo-sensitive plates useful for producing printing plates or printed circuits comprise a support carrying a layer of an unsaturated amide of the Formula:- where each R<SP>1</SP> is H or methyl, each R<SP>2</SP> is H, Cl, Br, CN or C 1 -C 4  alkyl, each R<SP>3</SP> is a monovalent aliphatic, cycloaliphatic, araliphatic or heterocyclic group having up to 12 carbon atoms and containing ethylenic unsaturation in conjugation with the indicated double bond, R<SP>4</SP> is a group of the Formula:-  where R<SP>5</SP> is an organic grouping of valency (1 + d), containing up to 50 carbon atoms, linked through a carbon atom or carbon atoms thereof to the indicated nitrogen atom(s), R<SP>6</SP> is H or another chain of the Formula:- d is an integer of 1 to 3, and each a, b and c is 0 or a positive integer such that the molecular weight of the amide is from 500 to 250,000. The groups R<SP>3</SP> CH = CR<SP>2</SP>-CO- of the amides are preferably sorbyl, 3-(styryl)acryloyl or 3-(2-furyl)acryloyl groups. The photo-sensitive layer may include a photoinitiator, e.g. Michler's ketone, and other monomers e.g. styrene, vinyl acetate, vinyl chloride, and (meth)acrylic acid and esters, nitriles and amides thereof, may also be present.
Patent GB-791928-A (GB)
Title: Improvements relating to geophones
IPC: G01V1/18
Filed: 1955-10-19
Abstract: 791,928. Vibration detectors. BRITISH PETROLEUM CO., Ltd., and DENNISON, A. T. Oct. 2,1956 [Oct. 19, 1955], No. 29821/55. Class 40 (4). In a moving-coil geophone in which the two moving coils 23 are suspended by a pretensioned helical spring 27, each in one of two annular magnetic air gaps, the concentric position of the coils being maintained by flat leaf-springs 32, conically shaped or V-shaped stops 36, 37, 39 are provided for limiting the upward movement of the coils, so that when the geophone is turned into a position in which the helical spring pulls the coils up to the stops they are locked in position by the spring action. The outer cylindrical casing 10 tapers to a point at its lower end 11 to facilitate penetration of the ground, the instrument being specially designed for use in swampy areas. The head member 12 screws into casing 10, an 0-ring 13 making the joint waterproof. The magnetic system provides annular air gaps 22 for the two coils 23 which are attached to inertia masses 25 secured together by a rod 26. The supporting helical spring 27 is attached at its upper end to an adjusting screw 28 screwed into a suspension bracket 30 secured to the chassis 15 which carries the magnetic system, and at its lower end to a fine adjustment nut 31 screwed to the upper end of rod 26. Two flat leaf-springs 32 are provided for each inertia mass, each being clamped at one end to suspension platforms 33 secured to the chassis 15 and at the other end to suspension blocks 34 secured to the inertia masses 25. The upper suspension platform 33 has adjustable conical studs 35 and the upper inertia mass 25 has a conical hole 36 and a V-shaped slot 37 running radially inwards from the circumference. The lower inertia mass 25 has a conical stop 38 and a corresponding conical hole 39 is provided in the magnet. When the geophone is tilted beyond 45 degrees from the vertical, the helical spring 27 pulls the suspended system up to the stops so that when the geophone is in the normal carrying position (horizontal) the suspended system is locked in position by spring action. Under very severe mechanical shocks the moving system may jump out of the stops but the clearances are so arranged that the centre spindle 26 strikes the polepiece 17 before the coils 23 can touch it. The geophone may be planted under water or mud by means of a rod fitting over the neck 40. Specification 740,505 is referred to.
Patent GB-248841-A (GB)
Title: Improvements in and relating to the manufacture of fuel gases
IPC: F17D3/14
Filed: 1924-12-11
Abstract: 248,841. Cooper, C., Henshaw, D. M., and Holmes & Co., Ltd., W. C. Dec. 11,1924. Drying gases.- Fuel gases are dried prior to, their admission to the distributing mains by contact with hygroscopic or water-absorbing liquids which may be regenerated either continuously or intermittently. The gases are passed through a brush-washer A into which a solution of calcium chloride is pumped through a pipe B from a tank D. The diluted solution is gradually displaced from the washer and passes through a pipe C toa tank F, fresh solution being supplied to the washer from the tank D. The diluted solution is circulated continuously through a pipe line G-Gr, a portion of it being bye-passed into a trough H having perforations or serrated edges for uniformly distributing the solution over steamheated pipes J. The regenerated solution is gradually transferred from the tank F to the tank D. Specification 162,166, [Class 55 (ii), Gas manufacture &c.], is referred to. According to the Provisional Specification, the regenerator comprises heat-exchanging surfaces consisting of spaced corrugated plates.
Patent GB-365043-A (GB)
Title: Improvements in self-regulating radiators for the steam-heating of railway vehicles
IPC: B61D27/00
Filed: 1930-10-06
Abstract: 365,043. Radiators for heating vehicles. AMMINISTRAZIONE DELLE FERROVIE DELLO STATO (SERVIZIO MATERIALE E TRAZIONE), 52A, Viale Principessa Margherita, Florence, Italy. Oct. 6, 1930, No. 29845. Convention date, Oct. 14, 1929. [Class 64 (ii).] A steam-heated radiator for railway vehicles comprises a cylinder a of metal with a high coefficient of expansion and a central rod b of metal with a lower coefficient of expansion. The rod b is fixed at the end c and is provided at the other end with a projection f to open the valve d when the radiator is cold. The rod b is adjusted initially with the radiator cold until the projections n on the part mare in contact with the annular projection g surrounding the valve stem. A port q is provided, which, when opened, enables the presence or otherwise of steam in the radiator to be determined without examining the pipe e beneath the vehicle.
Patent GB-1222002-A (GB)
Title: A wide angle zoom lens
IPC: G02B15/173
Filed: 1968-06-21
Abstract: 1,222,002. Zoom lenses. NIPPON KOGAKU K.K. June 21, 1968 [June 21, 1967], No.29856/68. Heading G2J. A wide angle zoom lens comprises a zoom system consisting of a first converging lens group, a second diverging lens group, a third converging lens group, a fourth lens relay group, being connected to the zoom system wherein the second and third groups are movable in the same direction but by different amounts, and the first and fourth are fixed, and which satisfy the following conditions: - L 2,3 W < L 3,4 W L 3 , 4 W> L 3 , 4 T T n 1  -n 2  > 0À12 and n 1  > 1.74 0À35f<SP>1</SP> < R 4  < 0À85f 1  0À7|R<SP>1</SP> 13 | < R 11  < 1À3|R 13 | n 8 -n 7  > 0À1 and n 8 > 1.74 where L 2,3  and L 3 , 4  are the intervals between the principal planes of the second group and the third group, and the third and fourth groups respectively, n 1 , n 2  are the refractive indices for the spectral 'd' line of the divergent and convergent elements comprising the first group, f 1  is the focal length of the converging element following the same and R 4  is the radius of curvature of the front surface thereof, R 11  and R 13  are the radii of curvature of the front surface and of the rear surface of the component comprising the third group respectively, n 7 , n 8  are the refractive indices for the spectral 'd' line of the convergent and divergent elements of the third group, W indicates the case of minimum focal length and T the case of maximum focal length. Optical data are provided for the example shown.
Patent GB-1271768-A (GB)
Title: Alarm device
Inventor: SASAKI KOJU
IPC: G08B17/06
Filed: 1970-06-19
Abstract: 1,271,768. Alarm systems. NITTAN CO. Ltd. 19 June, 1970 [1 July, 1969], No. 29859/70. Heading G4N. In an alarm system comprising a plurality of detectors 5 connected across a line 3, 4 and arranged to operate a relay 2, the series arrangement of a hold-in contact 21 and a resistor 7 are connected across the line 3, 4 to hold relay 2 energized and provide sufficient voltage across the line to permit identification of the operative detector 5. Each detector 5 may be a smoke detector, operating a thyristor in series with an indicator lamp (not shown).
Patent GB-1213948-A (GB)
Title: Torque limiting clutch
IPC: F16D43/202
Filed: 1969-06-12
Abstract: 1,213,948. Tapping attachments. TAPMATIC CORP. 12 June, 1969, No. 29872/69. Heading B3N. [Also in Division F2] An overload release clutch for a tapping attachment comprises radial pins 166 carried by a driven spindle 18 and engaging cam recesses 132 in a driving sleeve 120 which, on overload, is moved axially against the bias of springs 114, 116 to disengage the clutch by interaction between the pin 166 and cam 136 and thereafter the clutch is held disengaged by a lug 182 on the sleeve 120 moving into a circumferential part 178 of an L-shaped slot 174 in a driving housing 42. During normal drive the driving housing 42 transmits torque to the driving sleeve 120 through the lug 182. The clutch is re-engaged by reverse rotation of the driving housing 42. During reverse rotation an axial surface 134 of the cam recess 132 drives the pin 166 to provide a connection which does not disengage on overload. The torque at which the clutch disengages may be adjusted by rotating a spring retainer cap 104. The driving housing 42 is permitted to float axially within a driving spindle 16.
Patent GB-820506-A (GB)
Title: Improvements in or relating to the preparation of zinc monoxy chromates
Inventor: LEDERER GERALD
IPC: C01G37/14
Filed: 1956-10-02
Abstract: Zinc monoxy chromate suitable for use as a pigment is prepared by adding to a boiling aqueous solution of one mole. of chromic acid, a boiling slurry of two moles. of zinc oxide, or solid zinc oxide.  The concentrations preferably range from 0.125 to 0.715 gm./ml. for the ZnO and 0.079 to 0.445 gm./ml. for the CrO3 calculated on the total water content of the mixture.  To prevent grit-formation a small amount of sodium citrate may be added to the mixture, preferably 0.1% by weight of the zinc oxide.
Patent GB-1499400-A (GB)
Title: Stud trimmers
IPC: B26B27/00
Filed: 1976-07-19
Abstract: 1499400 Rotary tools KNIGHT DEVELOPMENTS Ltd 19 July 1976 [17 July 1975] 29978/75 Heading B5L [Also in Division B3] A device for trimming the studs on football boots comprises a handle body 12 with a head portion 11 which has a conical recess 15 therein and in which is located a profiled cutting blade 17 which extends through a transverse slot 16 in the head portion 11. The device is mounted on the end of a stud and rotated by hand to trim the stud end.
Patent GB-809144-A (GB)
Title: Improvements in or relating to worm drive clips
IPC: F16L33/08
Filed: 1956-10-02
Abstract: 809,144. Hose clips. UNIPRODUCTS (MANCHESTER) Ltd., and STOTT, C. Oct. 2, 1956, No. 30056/56. Class 44 In a worm drive hose clip, a washer 11 provided on the screw adjacent the head 10 thereof is formed with two dimples 12, one at each side of the screw, the dimples being pressed from the washer so that they form protrusions on the face of the washer adjacent the screw-carrying part of the clip which engage the latter to prevent movement of the washer, whereby the screw is held with its axis parallel to a tangent to the periphery of the band of the clip within the screw-carrying part of the clip.