baber/WOPTO huggingface dataset:
Patent GB-881017-A (GB)
Title: Improvements in or relating to apparatus for optimalizing the operation of an industrial system
IPC: G05B13/02
Filed: 1959-04-20
Abstract: 881,017. Automatic control systems. WESTINGHOUSE ELECTRIC CORPORATION. April 20, 1959 [April 24, 1958], No. 13390/59. Drawings to Specification. Class 38 (4). In a system for automatically setting industrial apparatus to an optimum condition by making a series of adjustments to a plurality of variables, the condition of the apparatus after each adjustment is compared with the best previous condition and the comparison used to control the sense and/or magnitude of the next adjustment. As described, the invention is applied to the production of mono-styrene from ethyl benzene by mixing steam with the ethyl benzene.. The variables are benzene flow, steam flow and temperature. The quality of the liquid mono-styrene produced is measured by producing a voltage proportional to its refractive index and storing it in a binary register consisting of relays, discharge devices, transistors, or magnetic amplifiers. After initial manual setting of the variables the quality is moved to its optimum value by automatic incremental adjustments of two of its variables by controlling electromagnetically operated valves or an electric heater, although a system in which all three variables are adjusted is also referred to. The successive incremental adjustments follow a predetermined pattern e.g. first, both variables ; next, the first variable only ; then, both variables; finally, the second variable only. This pattern is repeated continuously. After each incremental adjustment, which is applied by a stepping switch associated with a potential divider, the quality value is stored in a first binary register after a time sufficient to avoid temporary instability. This value is compared with the best previous value stored in a second binary register. If there is no improvement the first register is cleared and the variables reset to their preceding values. The sense of the following incremental adjustments is then reversed. If, however, there is an improvement, the new quality value is transferred to the second register through a third register and the next incremental adjustment of the pattern made in the same sense as before. There are counters for respectively counting the number of unsuccessful and successful adjustments. If four successive failures occur at the start, for instance, the magnitude of following incremental adjustments is reduced to one quarter of the initial magnitude by decreasing the travel of the stepping switches. After a predetermined number of adjustments of a variable which may differ for each variable, the sense of adjustment of that variable is not reversed following a failure. Later when a sufficient number of failures of both variables has occurred the magnitude of the increments is in any case reduced to one quarter. When eight failures occur, indicating that the optimum has been reached, quality checking occurs at longer intervals until detection of error due to drift initiates a further sequence of correction.
Patent GB-134072-A (GB)
IPC: B62K25/04
Abstract: 134,072. Markham, H. Nov. 16, 1918. Spring devices.-In spring-controlled hinge joints for cycles, motor-cycles, &c., a hollow cylindrical bearing-piece a and a cylindrical pivot-piece c angularly movable in the former are combined with a flat spring strip or laminated strips d which serve as a torsion spring. The spring strips d are clamped to the bearing-piece a at the centre and enter between extensions f in pivot-pieces c at each end, which are secured, for example, to the chain stays e of the rear road wheel of a cycle. A similar connexion may be employed between the steering-tube and front forks of a cycle.
Patent GB-476151-A (GB)
Title: Improvements in and relating to shortening creamer
IPC: A47J43/10
Filed: 1937-05-11
Abstract: 476,151. Culinary implements. FEDJE, I. J. May 11, 1937, No. 13453. [Class 86] A domestic implement for mixing sugar and butter comprises a bowl-shaped member 1 with upright arms 2 having horizontal extensions 4, which lie in a groove in the handle 6 and are fitted with band members 8 also lying in grooves in the handle.
Patent GB-1536151-A (GB)
Title: Stackable trays
IPC: B65D21/06
Filed: 1975-04-02
Abstract: 1536151 Trays DRG (UK) Ltd 26 March 1976 [2 April 1975] 13535/75 Heading A4A [Also in Division B8] A tray which is both stackable (with food between adjacent trays) and nestable, has a continuous outer skirt 19 defining an outer wall, the outer skirt extending from a base plane 17 of the tray to a peripherally continuous ridge 21, a reverse wall 25 extending from the ridge to a floor 14 of the tray, and inset ledges 24 (24'), 26 (26') on the outer skirt for stacking the tray. As shown, the tray has recesses or apertures 16 for food items and is rectangular, the minor edges 10 having the stacking formations which support one tray upon the other. For nesting, a tray is rotated 180 degrees about a vertical axis, one tray then fitting within another, small ledges (22) on an edge flange 20 facilitating the separation of the trays. The tray is of metal or plastics and the floor 14 of the tray may be removable. In an embodiment Figures 4,5 (not shown) a flange 30 extends outwardly from each minor edge 10 (optionally adjacent the tray corners only), the flange being folded under the tray to provide a support for stacking.
Patent GB-1470764-A (GB)
Title: Servo motor operated friction brakes
IPC: F16D55/40
Filed: 1973-03-21
Abstract: 1470764 Multi-disc brakes; cooling; lubricating; change-speed control; hydrodynamic torque converters SRM HYDROMEKANIK AB 8 March 1974 [21 March 1973] 13599/73 Headings F2E F2D and F2W A multi-disc brake 32 provided for releasing a planet gear carrier from a stationary casing connected with a hydraulic torque converter 10 is actuated by a servo-motor 34 having a space 36 supplied with pressure oil when the brake 32 is to be actuated; when the brake 32 is actuated pressure oil is for a limited period fed to a space containing the discs of brake 32 by a pump cylinder 42 to build up a counter pressure to the servo-motor 34 and to lubricate and cool the discs and to thereby reduce the torque absorption capacity of brake 32 during the limited period. As shown, the space 36 communicates via a pipe 40 with an oil pressure source and one side of a piston 44 of the pump cylinder 42 is connected to the pipe 40 whilst the other side of piston 44 communicates through a maximum pressure valve and pipes 48, 50 to the space containing the discs. This space is also fed from a reference pressure oil source through a pipe 52 having a restriction 54. The maximum pressure valve comprises a spring 56 and a valve member 58 and a servo cylinder 60 is provided to block the maximum pressure valve and disconnect pipes 48, 50 when desired. When pressure oil is fed into pipe 40, the piston 44, provided valve member 58 is open, is displaced leftwards, forcing oil into the space containing the discs, thus building up a counter pressure to the servo-motor 34 and lubricating and cooling the discs which include grooves to increase resistance therebetween. The discs are alternatively attached to a brake housing 26 which is fixed to the stationary casing of the torque converter 10 and to ring 24 engaged by arms 23 which are mounted on the shaft of planet gears 22. A hub 21 engages teeth on the planet gears 22 and the hub 21 and a hub 17 are associated for rotation with a guide ring shaft 15. The shaft 15 is connected to a guide ring 14 supporting a ring of guide blades 13 in the torque converter 10. The torque converter 10 also includes a ring of pump blades 11 and two rings of interconnected turbine blades 12 connected to a turbine output shaft 16. The guide ring 13 may be locked to hold it stationary relative to the housing by the action of a piston 19 pressurized by fluid in a space 20 on an annular disc 18 movable on the hub 17. For hydraulic braking the brake 32 and the lock-up clutch are operated simultaneously-for driving purposes they function independently.
Patent GB-1185712-A (GB)
Title: Thread Feeding Device for Circular Knitting Machines
IPC: D04B15/38
Filed: 1967-03-23
Abstract: 1,185,712. Knitting-machines. FOUQUETWERK FRAUZ & PLANCK. 23 March, 1967 [25 March, 1966], No. 13611/67. Heading D1C. Yarn is fed at each feed of a circular machine by means of a drum, around which it is entrained, intermittently coupled electromagnetically to a continuously rotating drive. Each feeding device comprises a pulley 21, preferably driven by a common belt, having fixed to it a coil 15 enclosed in a sleeve 16. A drum 6 of conductive material is rotatably mounted around the sleeve on spindle 11. The yarn is guided to the knitting station via a spring biased pivoted lever (17, Fig. 4 not shown) which, in dependence on the thread tension, operates an on-off switch or adjusts a potentiometer. The coil is thereby intermittently activated and rotates the drum by means of eddy currents induced in it by the associated field. A further pivoted yarn follower stops the machine if yarn breaks, and applies a D.C. current to the coil to brake the drum. The stitch cams may be adjusted in unison by motors (9 Fig. 1 not shown) centrally controlled. To ensure a similar rate of feed at each feed of one or several machines the yarn rotates an apertured disc. An intermittently operated light source is synchronised to the disc at a reference feed by varying a pulse supply circuit operating all the light sources. The feed rate at each feed is then adjusted to the standard set by the circuit by altering the position of the stitch cams.
Patent GB-1299565-A (GB)
Title: A device for connecting an electrically-operated variable focal length lens assembly to a television camera
IPC: H04N5/225
Filed: 1971-05-07
Abstract: 1299565 Lens mounts JOS SCHNEIDER & CO OPTISCHE WERKE 7 May 1971 [27 May 1970] 13628/71 Heading G2J [Also in Division H4] A variable focal length lens 1 is attached to a television camera 2 by a corresponding plate 3, a number of different plates 3 being provided so that lens 1 may be connected to any one of an equal number of different cameras 2 by using the corresponding plate 3. Electrical connection from the camera 2 to the lens 1 is established by connectors 7 and 5 on the plate 3. (For figure see next page)
Patent GB-455344-A (GB)
Title: Improvements in or relating to the production of esters of celluose
IPC: C08B3/02
Filed: 1935-09-24
Abstract: Stable organic esters of cellulose are obtained by acting on cellulose with an esterification medium containing less than 10 per cent of sulphur containing catalyst based on the weight of the cellulose, and as catalyst aid at least 2 per cent of a metal halide in the absence of added free hydrogen halide.  The process avoids any need for a separate stabilizing step.  Zinc or aluminium chloride are preferred as catalyst aid.  Sodium chloride preferably together with zinc or aluminium chloride may be used. Higher temperatures for the reaction may be used without degradation of the cellulose molecule. The cellulose ester may be ripened if desired after the addition of hydrogen chloride or further quantities of metal halides particularly aluminium, tin, or zinc chloride.  The ripened ester may be precipitated by water or other non-solvent.  If desired, the esterification solution may be used directly for the production of articles or compositions.  In an example, cellulose is pretreated with acetic anhydride, acetic acid, and a very small amount of sulphuric acid. It is then esterified with a mixture of acetic anhydride, acetic acid, sulphuric acid, and as catalyst aid aluminium chloride.  The temperature is controlled by cooling means.  When acetylation is complete dilute hydrochloric acid is added and the solution is ripened to acetone solubility.  The products may be used in the production of filaments or lacquers.  Specifications 446,723 and 446,949 are referred to.
Patent GB-143542-A (GB)
Title: Improvements in and relating to high tension electric depositing plants
IPC: B03C3/66
Filed: 1920-05-18
Abstract: 143,542. Siemens - Schuckertwerke. March 31, 1916, [Convention date]. Gases, electrically precipitating suspended particles from.-To prevent damage to the valve tubes in the event of a short circuit in the depositing chamber of a high-tension plant for electrically separating dust, soot, &c., from gases, the tubes used are of such proportions that they can take at least double the normal working current of the plant, and in combination therewith a source of high-tension current is employed capable of supplying at least one and half times the effective voltage, the excess voltage being consumed by suitably proportioned resistances. In the arrangement shown, the discharge electrode 2 is connected to the middle of the secondary winding 6 of a transformer fed from alternating-current mains 8, 9, and the free ends of the secondary winding are connected to the cylindrical anodes 11, 12 of valve tubes 13, 14 of the incandescent-cathode type; the cathodes are connected to earth by conductors 19, 20. Resistances 21, 22, 23, 24, 25, 26 are preferably introduced into the conductors supplying the anodes 11, 12, the discharge electrode 2, and the primary winding of the transformer; but although some of these resistances may be omitted, yet they must be so dimensioned as a whole that the voltage supplied by the transformer is a multiple of the effective voltage obtaining between the electrodes 1, 2; at least one resistance must be provided in the conductors leading to the valve tubes. In addition to resistances, other safetydevices or automatic current-interrupters may be employed.
Patent GB-830895-A (GB)
Title: Improvements in and relating to castors, particularly for use in flame cutting apparatus
Inventor: HANCOCK LESLIE JOHN
IPC: B23K37/02
Filed: 1955-05-12
Abstract: 830,895. Cutting by fusion. HANCOCK & CO. (ENGINEERS) Ltd. May 10, 1956 [May 12, 1955], No. 13694/55. Class 83 (4). A castor, particularly for use as a burner support wheel in a flame cutting apparatus, has a wheel housing 1 surrounded by an air jacket 8 into the top of which is introduced a current of air so as to produce around the housing a shroud of downwardly flowing air which discharges from the jacket around the bottom thereof. In flame cutting operations the air protects the castor from the heat of the burner and the ejected air blows away any particles of dirt or oxide liable to fall in the path of the wheel 3 and also directs the burner flame away from the castor. The housing 1 is supported through ball bearings 5 on a spindle 6 and is enclosed in a casing 7 preferably of copper. Compressed air is introduced through a bore 12 in the spindle and discharges through ports 13 into the space between the housing 1 and casing 7.
Patent GB-1431059-A (GB)
Title: Light beam scanning system
IPC: G02B27/00
Filed: 1973-03-22
Abstract: 1431059 Optical scanning systems NIPPON HOSO KYOKAI 22 March 1973 [29 March 1972] 13819/73 Heading G2J To compensate for axial wobble in a rotating polygonal mirror scanner, both the incident beam and the reflected beam pass through cylindrical lenses 4, 5 additionally to a focussing lens 6 which produces a spot of light on the screen 7. The drawings are developed views (a) being in plan and (b) in elevation. P is the operative point of the polygonal mirror, the latter rotating around an axis, vertical in (a).
Patent GB-865740-A (GB)
Title: Solenoid
IPC: H01H50/20
Filed: 1959-04-23
Abstract: 865,740. Valves. CANNON ELECTRIC CO. April 23, 1959 [April 30, 1958], No. 13843/59. Class 135. [Also in Groups XXXV and XXXVII] An inlet or outlet valve for a fuel tank is opened by movement of plunger 13 into cavity 20 of core 14 of a magnetic device 10 (see Group XXXV). Holding and pulling coils 11, 12, initially both energized, attract the plunger 13 into the core and the consequent increase in magnetic field strength attracts a second plunger 15 into well 24 to open switch 16 (see Group XXXVII) to de-energize pulling coil 12 leaving coil 11 to hold both plungers in place. Movement of plunger 13 is transmitted by links 101, 102 to the handle 103 of a valve in inlet pipe 97 to open or close the valve to control fuel flow into the fuel tank 96. A similar arrangement may be made for an outlet valve (Fig. 6, not shown).
Patent GB-625350-A (GB)
Title: Production of aromatic amino-compounds
Filed: 1947-05-23
Abstract: 2 : 4 : 6-Triamino-phenyl mono-ethers of the general formula <FORM:0625350/IV (b)/1> where R is an alkyl, aryl or aralkyl group are prepared by reducing the corresponding trinitro compound with hydrogen in the presence of a Raney nickel catalyst in solution in a lower saturated aliphatic ester, e.g. ethyl acetate, capable of dissolving the water formed in the reaction.  Preferably, the reaction is started at room temperature at a pressure of 3 atmospheres and the product is isolated by concentration and crystallization or by fractional crystallization at reduced pressure. Alternatively, the product may be isolated as one of its salts, e.g. as the trihydrochloride, by treating with hydrogen chloride.  In examples: (1) 2 : 4 : 6-trinitroanisole in ethyl acetate is catalytically reduced to 2 : 4 : 6-triaminoanisole which may be converted into its trihydrochloride or tribenzoyl derivative; (2) 2 : 4 : 6 - trinitrophenyl ethyl ether is reduced as in (1) to 2 : 4 : 6-triamino-phenyl ethyl ether which gives rise to a similar tribenzoyl derivative; (3) 2 : 4 : 6-trinitro-diphenyl ether is reduced in ethyl acetate to the triamino compound and the tribenzoyl derivative is prepared, and (4) 2 : 4 : 6-trinitro-phenyl isobutyl ether is treated as in (1) forming the triamino compound and its tribenzoyl derivative.
Patent GB-453345-A (GB)
Title: Improvements in packings for catgut or other surgical suture material
IPC: B65D85/04
Filed: 1936-05-16
Abstract: 453,345. Packing catgut &c. GRAF & CO. AKT.-GES., R., 16, Gleissbuhlstrasse, Nuremberg, Germany. May 16, 1936, No. 13925. Conven. tion date, Sept. 9, 1935. [Class 94 (i)] In packing catgut and other suture material, a thread length is compacted into a flat layer of the form shown in Fig. 1. Preferably, the layer is coiled as shown in Fig. 2 with a sheet of celluloid 4 separating the laps and the whole is inserted in a tube 5 having an opening 6 for withdrawal of the thread.
Patent GB-554622-A (GB)
Title: Improvements in the automatic regulation of the current in an electric circuit
IPC: H02P9/24
Filed: 1941-10-31
Abstract: 554,622. Automatic control systems for electric circuits. ENGLISH ELECTRIC CO., Ltd., and TABB, R. P. E. Oct. 31, 1941, Nos. 14039/41 and 3210/42. [Class 38 (iv)] Current, tension.-An automatic regulator 1 maintaining constant current in an electric circuit 2 has a winding 1a operative in response to the current, and an auxiliary dynamo-electric machine 4 in series therewith producing a current component independent of the controlled current for biasing the regulator and determining the value of current controlled. The machine may be driven at constant speed and have its excitation varied or adjusted. The operating winding and auxiliary machine may be connected across a shunt 3 in the circuit controlled or they may be in an independent closed circuit the auxiliary machine having a field winding carrying a part or the whole of the regulated current. The excitation of the auxiliary machine may produce a steady EMF for biasing the regulator and a variable component for biasing it in accordance with a factor independent of the regulated current. To obtain an excitation made up of the sum or difference of two components a field winding on the machine may be in two parts in a Wheatstone bridge to the respective corner points of which E.M.F.s relative to the two components are applied. Specification 554,624, wherein the invention is applied to the control of tension in winding wire, strip, &c., is referred to.
Patent GB-528665-A (GB)
Title: Improvements relating to fibre container bodies impervious to fluids
IPC: B65D3/22
Filed: 1939-05-12
Abstract: 528,665. Cartons. TRIGGS W. W. (Fibre Can Machinery Corporation). May 12, 1939 No. 14197. [Class 66] The tubular body portion of a carton consists of a layer A of cardboard, paper or other coarse fibrous material wound upon itself around ar inner layer B of thin imper. vious cellulose derivative material, glassine paper &c. coated externally with glue or other adhesive, a continuous layer of adhesive being interposed between the convolutions of the outer layer.
Patent GB-234846-A (GB)
Title: Improvements in or relating to cement objects having polished and translucent surfaces
IPC: C04B28/06
Filed: 1925-05-29
Abstract: 234,846. Soc. Lap, (Assignees of Seailles, (nÚe Calogeropoulos), S.). May 30, 1924, [Convention date]. Facing and ornamenting tiles; materials, special, for tiles.-Refers to the processes set forth in Specifications 217,605 and 222,500, [Class 87 (ii), Moulding plastic &c. substances], and consists in the employment of special aluminous cements to obtain somewhat translucent, polished products. The special aluminous cements comprise silico aluminous compounds in which the index (silica + alumina)/ (lime + magnesia) is greater than 0.6 and in which the proportion of iron is less than 1.5 per cent, or aluminate of lime Al2O3, CaO containing less than 5 per cent of impurities and less than 5 per cent of iron. The articles may be composed entirely of the material or may be loaded with sand, gravel, asbestos, metal &c., or may comprise a thin layer of the special cement backed by ordinary aluminous or Portland cement. The products may be decorated by colour applied to the article or the mould or by gold, silver, &c., leaf applied to the mould. Specification 231,867 also is referred to.
Patent GB-1355077-A (GB)
Title: Projectile for being propelled towards a remote target
IPC: F41B15/04
Filed: 1971-05-11
Abstract: 1355077 Apparatus for applying electrical energy to a target; projectiles J H COVER 11 May 1971 [14 May 1970] 14255/71 Headings F3X and F3A A projectile for being propelled toward a remote target has means for establishing electrical contact with the target, and a light gauge conductor connected to the projectile and which is adapted to be coupled to a source of electrical energy and paid out as the projectile moves towards the target for transmitting electrical energy from the source to the target when electrical contact is established. The projectile is used to deliver electrical impulses to a human target so as to cause immobilization thereof by inducing involuntary muscular contractions. In an embodiment a launcher 50, has propelled a projectile 26<SP>1</SP> to a target 28<SP>1</SP> as shown in Fig. 6. Both the launcher and the target are connected to the earth 22 and the electricity is conveyed through a wire 30<SP>1</SP> to the target. As an alternative a two-wire system as shown in Fig. 7 may be used. To increase the probability of hitting the target a mesh 54, Fig. 8 (not shown), may be used. Various projectiles may be used such as a projectile 72, Fig. 9, having a spool 78 for wire 76, and fibres 74 which hold the projectile to clothing, and a projectile 84, Fig. 10, which has a point 86 with a barb 88, a spool 92 for wire 90 being provided in a barrel 96 of the launcher. In other embodiments a number of projectiles 208, 210, Fig. 15, are launched simultaneously towards the target, a light is provided on the launcher and an alarm signal is included to indicate that the apparatus is ready to be used.