Patent GB-1206404-A (GB)
Title: Improvements relating to pattern recognition devices
Inventor: LEMAY CHRISTOPHER ARCHIBALD GO
IPC: G06K9/64
Filed: 1966-12-30
Abstract: 1,206,404. Pattern recognition. ELECTRIC & MUSICAL INDUSTRIES Ltd. 14 Dec., 1967 [30 Dec., 1966], No. 58310/66. Heading G4R. In a pattern recognition device, to reduce dependence on at least one parameter of the pattern to be recognized, the pattern provides an input signal which is compared with representations from stored groups of representations, each group being formed of representations of a respective known pattern with different values of the at least one parameter of the known pattern, the comparisons producing degree-ofsimilarity signals, an extreme one of which is selected for each group to provide an assembled signal from which the most likely identity of the pattern is derived. Learning.-Standard patterns are moved in turn from left to right across sensing means to produce pattern signals at 1, the names of the patterns being applied concurrently at 13. A word selector 6 selects the word locations of a store 4A-4B in turn, each location being capable of storing a pattern in section 4A and the corresponding name in section 4B. The first location is loaded with pattern and name from 1, 13 via gates 3 enabled by the "instruction to learn" signal at 9 since, inter alia, the location is empty (detected by OR gate 5A to de-inhibit gate 11A). The stored pattern is compared with the input pattern in comparators 5 which indicate the number of bit positions in agreement. Since the patterns are identical, this "score", supplied to a maximum score store 8 (which stores the maximum score so far), causes rise detector 18 to gate the name to register 17. The name is compared at 15 with the input name from 13 and since they are equal, gate 19 is inhibited to prevent further (displaced) versions of the first pattern being entered. Patterns with the other names will be entered similarly but in general more than one version of each will be entered. This will occur when there is danger of confusion between different patterns, since the stored pattern bearing the closest resemblance to the input pattern has its name stored at 17 and if this is not the same as the input name, comparators 15 de-inhibit gate 19. Recognition.-There is a maximum score store 21 for each possible name. The input pattern at 1 is compared at 5 with each of the stored patterns (from store section 4A) in turn, the score (number of bits in agreement) being routed by distributer 7 to the maximum score store 21 relating to the corresponding name from store section 4B. Each store 21 retains the largest score so far supplied to it. Since the store 4A-4B stores displaced versions of each pattern, pattern displacement is compensated for, the store 21 with the largest contents identifying the pattern to recognition device 20. Multi-level device. Four of the above systems (only the last having device 20) may be connected in cascade, to compensate for left-right translation, up-down translation, rotation, and size variation, respectively. The four systems are taught in turn, the input patterns being subject in each case only to the fault which the particular system is to correct for. Modifications -Positive and negative forms of the patterns may be stored at 4A. The patterns stored in 4A may be compared at 5 with the input pattern in groups or all together, instead of one at a time. The stores 21 may store minima instead of maxima. The functions of store section 4B may be taken over by the word selector 6. Correlation networks may replace the comparison with stored signals.