baber/WOPTO huggingface dataset:
Patent CH-687551-A5 (CH)
Title: Mortar-scraper for clearing reinforcing holes
Inventor: GUBLER JOHANNES J DIPL-ING ETH
IPC: E04C5/01
Filed: 1993-10-07
Abstract: The scraper keeps reinforcing holes in perforated bricks free of mortar after these have been laid. On the supporting bar (1), are one or more bodies (4) with rubber edges. These seal off the holes (12,13) through the bricks (5-10) and in which reinforcing members are accommodated.  After mortar application, these are pulled upwards through the holes, removing all mortar in the process. The bar can be solid or tubular and with an external screw thread. Several rubber bodies, particularly discs, can be provided one fixed to the bar and another sliding along it.
Patent CH-668035-A5 (CH)
Title: Folding press with die or matrix replacement system - has arms on rear mobile supports having pins which engage with holes in dies and matrices
Inventor: DIEPERINK WILLEM
IPC: B21D5/00
Filed: 1986-09-19
Abstract: The folding press consists of upper and lower plates (1, 3) holding a die (2) and matrix (4) respectively. There are two rear supports (6) which can travel along two axes (10, 11) perpendicular to one another. The machine incorporates a mechanism for changing the die or matrix, comprising arms (26) mounted on each of the supports (6), each equipped with a projecting pin (27) to engage with a hole (19, 21) in the matrix or die. The replacement dies or matrices are held in a rack (30), and the replacement operation can be carried out automatically with the aid of a computer. USE/ADVANTAGE - Reduced manual labour requirement in die or matrix changing in folding press.
Patent CH-598444-A5 (CH)
Title: Automatic sunblind with winding mechanism
Inventor: STORENBAU SIEGFRIED HAUSSMANN
IPC: E06B9/58
Filed: 1976-03-31
Abstract: Automatic sunblind with winding mechanism has integral box with end bearings readily removed from housing
Patent CH-589516-A5 (CH)
Title: Web transporting system for rotary printing machine - has conveyor chain firmly coupled to grippers comprising holders and opening catches
IPC: B41F13/03
Filed: 1975-04-16
Abstract: A coupling bar (3) which interacts with the grippers (13, 14) has a run-up surface (16) and a locking edge-groove (17) as well as a bore hole (19) in which engage the locking bolt (18) fixed to the holder (13) so that the conveyor chains (11, 12) are held laterally and the material web (1) which is attached in loop form around the coupling bar (3), is suspended with the coupling bar in front of the stereo cylinder in the loading station. When the coupling bar (3) is placed in the loading station, the series-connected limit switch is depressed and activates the rotating field motor of the associated printing assembly.
Patent CH-616783-A5 (CH)
Title: Multi-winding coil for a pole of an electrical machine
Inventor: LESOKHIN ALBERT ZINOVIEVICH
IPC: H02K3/18
Filed: 1977-04-19
Abstract: All the windings (10, 11 and 12) of the coil are designed to be distributed in a row and over the entire height of the coil (1), an identical number of turns in the same winding sense being provided in each case. The windings (10, 11 and 12) are placed concentrically one inside the other and their ends are oriented such that the respective first ends (13, 15 and 17) of the windings (10, 11 and 12) are arranged side-by-side at one end of the coil (1), and the respective second ends (14, 16 and 18) of the windings (10, 11 and 12) are arranged side-by-side at the other end of the coil (1). In this case, all the ends (13, 15, 17 and 14, 16, 18) of the windings (10, 11 and 12) are directed to one side wall of the coil (1) and are connected to one another on the outside of this wall of the coil (1). This results in a construction of the multi-winding coil which ensures a minimum number of connections between the coil windings, and the arrangement of these connections only on the outside of the coil, while at the same time reducing its dimensions. The coil can be used, in particular, during the construction of the poles of salient-pole synchronous machines. <IMAGE>
Patent CH-650883-A5 (CH)
Title: Exciter arrangement for a synchronous machine
Inventor: GOLDIN RODION GRIGORIEVICH
IPC: H02H7/08
Filed: 1979-06-01
Abstract: The exciter arrangement contains an exciter device (1) which is electrically connected to the exciter winding (4) of the synchronous machine (5), a protection block (6) which is located parallel thereto and has at least one branch (6') which is designed as a series circuit of a resistor (7) and of a thyristor switch (8). A threshold-value element (10), having a response threshold which is adjustable in voltage terms, is provided in the control circuit of the thyristor switch (8). Connected in parallel with the branch (6') is a protection thyristor (12) whose control electrode is connected to a control element (13) via a commutator (14) which belongs to the current sensor (15) in the branch (6'). Provided in the branch (6') is a fuse (11) which is intended to disconnect the branch (6') in the event of a defect in said branch (6'). <IMAGE>
Patent CH-567067-A5 (CH)
Title: Dispersion azo dyes prepd from p-nitro-aniline - and phenylene-diamine derivs, for dyeing synthetic hydrophobic polymers
IPC: C09B29/08
Filed: 1973-05-16
Abstract: Novel azo cpds. of formula (I) (R1 is CN, NO2, alkylsulphonyl or opt. substd. phenylsulphonyl; R2 is Cl, Br or CN; R3 is H or alkoxy R4 is cyanoalkyl or alkoxycarbonylalkyl, opt. with a substd. alkoxy gp.; R5 is 2-3C alkylene; R6 is opt. substd. alkyl) which are free from COOH and SO3H substits., are used as dispersion dyes for dyeing or printing (semi)synthetic hydrophobic organic polymers, esp. linear aromatic polyesters, cellulose 2 1/2- or tri-acetate and synthetic polyamides. They have good general fastness and good dischargeability, resistance to redn. (in dyeing with wool) and reserve of wool and cotton.
Patent CH-574771-A5 (CH)
Title: Pipeline pig for general descaling - has pressure turbine shaft in recoil bored body to move pig along pipeline
IPC: B08B9/04
Filed: 1974-05-27
Abstract: The pig is fitted with motor powered rotary cooling (2) at the forward end. The tooling should be powered by a pressurised water turbine (11) whose shaft (17) is carried in a base (8) fitted with recoil bores which eject pressurised water to advance the pig along the pipeline, in association with guides responsible for maintaining direction within the pipeline. The guides radiate from a sleeve (41) collar made fast to the outer circumference of the base (8). The cutting tools are mounted on a holder which rotates with the turbine preferably and has a number of tool posts screwed into its surface for mounting purposes.
Patent CH-616628-A5 (CH)
Title: Carrying basket for bottles
Inventor: UMIKER HANS
IPC: B65D1/38
Filed: 1977-06-21
Abstract: For each bottle the carrying basket has a bottle compartment (2, 3, 4), which compartments are suspended on a frame element (11). At the upper edge (13) of each basket compartment the frame element has a plurality of guide surfaces (31, 34, 35) which run obliquely inwards and have the form of part of a surface of revolution. They facilitate the insertion of the bottles into the basket and, in addition, they reinforce the frame element, from which the carrying handle (9) extends upwards. On inserting the carrying basket into a bottle crate, the basket compartments can be easily introduced into the latticework spaces of the bottle crate, since their band-shaped wall parts are arranged crosswise, and thereby pass into the corner spaces of the latticework spaces of the bottle crate. <IMAGE>
Patent CH-610181-A5 (CH)
Title: Pesticide comprising sulphenylated phenylformamidines as active ingredient
Inventor: BOEGER MANFRED ING
Filed: 1975-06-26
Abstract: Pesticides comprising, as active ingredient, a novel compound of the formula I <IMAGE> in which R1, R2 and R3 in each case denote hydrogen, halogen, C1-C4-alkyl, C1-C4-alkoxy, C1-C4-alkylthio, CF3, CN or NO2 ; R4 denotes C1-C4-alkyl; R5 denotes optionally halogen-substituted C1-C10-alkyl or C3-C10-cycloalkyl, C4-C10-(cycloalkylalkyl) or C2-C10-(alkoxyalkyl); and R6 denotes hydrogen or optionally halogen-substituted C1-C10-alkyl or C1-C10-alkoxy or C3-C10-cycloalkyl, C3-C10-cycloalkoxy, C4-C10-(cycloalkylalkyl), C4 to C10-(cycloalkylalkoxy), C2-C10-alkoxyalkyl or C2-C10-(alkoxyalkoxy), where, if R5 is optionally halogen-substituted C1-C4-alkyl, R6 must not be hydrogen, C1-C4-alkyl or C1-C4-alkoxy. The compositions are employed, in particular, for controlling insects and representatives of the order Acarina.
Patent CH-581442-A5 (CH)
Title: Anthranilates as instant tea aromatisers - less complex organoleptic than other compsns
IPC: A23L27/20
Filed: 1973-11-23
Abstract: A tea-based drink is aromatised by the addn. of 0.25-200 ppm (based on sol. tea solids) of an ester of anthranilic acid (I). This provides a more simple method to introduce fresh notes to instant tea. (I) which incl. methyl, ethyl, propyl, methyl-N-methyl and methyl-N, N-dimethyl anthranilate, may be used in conjunction with other aromatising agents.
Patent CH-605545-A5 (CH)
Title: Prepn. of antiinflammatory substd. derivs. of propionic acid
Inventor: QUADRO GIUSEPPE
IPC: C07C51/285
Filed: 1975-08-12
Abstract: 2-Substituted derivs. of propionic acid formula (CH3-CH(R)-COOH I (where R is 4-methoxy-2-naphthyl or 4-isobutyl-phenyl) are prepared by reacting corresponding aldehyde with aq. H2O2, in a water-miscible medium, at -15 to +60 degrees C and in the presence of catalytic amounts of SeO2.I are used as antiinflammatory agents.
Patent CH-596390-A5 (CH)
Title: Recovery of oil slicks on water
Inventor: ASVESTAS CONSTANTIN G
IPC: E02B15/04
Filed: 1976-11-08
Abstract: Installation for recovery of oil slicks on water comprises a funnel-shaped collector of which the opening is connected by a flexible pipe to a pump which ejects the water, the oil and the mixed solid prods. into a decanting tank.Sepg. tanks produce more thorough sepn. between oil and water, and a further tank recovers the oil and discharges the purified water.  This tank pref. includes an outlet with sliding gate, and a labyrinth consisting of three intermediate walls and a water outlet tube.The collector pref. has a metal grid to prevent solid bodies from being sucked into the pump.  Appts. can also be used for wash water in refineries.
Patent CH-607538-A5 (CH)
Title: Fluorescent lamp starter and supply circuit
Inventor: MEILI ERNST
IPC: H05B41/04
Filed: 1976-12-02
Abstract: The starter and supply circuit for a fluorescent lamp with heated electrodes, has the two primary windings (14a, 14b) of a sum-current transformer (14) connected in series with one of the lamp electrodes. Their currents add before the break contact (12) opens to increase the voltage across the sum transformer secondary winding (14c) during the preheating period.The secondary winding is connected in series with a bimetal element heating coil (13).  The bimetal element forms the break contact which opens to start the lamp.
Patent CH-561705-A5 (CH)
Title: 5-(2-Fluorophenyl)-7-iodo-1,4-benzodiazepin-2-ones - with sedative, muscle relaxant and anti-convulsant activity
IPC: C07D243/28
Filed: 1970-12-11
Abstract: Benzodiazepine derivs of formula (I) and their acid-addn salts: (where R1 is H or Me; R2 is o-fluorophenyl) are prepd by saponifying and decarboxylating an ester of formula (II): (where R3 is lower alkyl). (I) have sedative, muscle relaxant and anticonvulsant activity and are therefore useful as tranquilisers.
Patent FR-2041455-A5 (FR)
Title: Isotopic exchange reactants and adjuvants - for heavy water prodn
IPC: C01B5/02
Filed: 1969-04-24
Granted: 1971-01-29
Abstract: Isotopic exchange reactants (esp. ammonia, prim. and sec. amines) and adjuvants (esp. amines, cyclic or acyclic ether oxides) used in the preparation of heavy water are purified by the action of alkaline (alkyl) amides (esp. K amide and K methyl amide). Pref. concentration 0.5-10 wt.%. Advantages are increased solubility and increased reactivity towards alcohol at low temps. compared with potassium.
Patent FR-2101368-A5 (FR)
Title: Coating compsn for wax articles - particularly for colouring candles
IPC: C11C5/00
Filed: 1971-02-04
Granted: 1972-03-31
Abstract: Immersion composition for articles made of wax or paraffin comprises in addition to paraffin and montanic acid also colophonium, aromatic hydrocarbons and/or naphthenes. Shiny coating which is resistant to abrasion is obtained, without having to dip the articles into water after coating.
Patent FR-2159714-A5 (FR)
Title: Oil slick containment - using floating barrage of large collapsible units joined below surface
IPC: E02B15/06
Filed: 1971-11-10
Granted: 1973-06-22
Abstract: A floating barrage for contng. and reducing oil slicks has large collapsible floats giving a high degree of stability. The screen to which the floats are lashed at points well below the surface, is proofed against the action of hydrocarbons, sea water, sunlight, etc. and is reinforced with vertical stiffeners, and stainless steel plates are added every twenty metres. It occupies very little space in store and is easily launched and retrieved by a few untrained personnel.
Patent FR-2162964-A5 (FR)
Title: Thread mechanism
IPC: D05B47/04
Filed: 1972-11-21
Granted: 1973-07-20
Abstract: Designed for a chain stitch sewing machine, a phase relay operates two magnetic valves in na alternating rhythm to determine the flow of compressed air to the thread cutting assembly and the thread tension brake discs, where a plunger separates them to release thread tension. Precise control of the movement of the thread tension brake discs is achieved with adjustment for the time span during which the discs are in the open position.
Patent FR-2245163-A5 (FR)
Title: Fire extinguisher with detachable pressure gauge - has gauge supplied by no-loss valve shutting on gauge removal
IPC: A62C13/00
Filed: 1973-07-27
Granted: 1975-04-18
Abstract: The gauge measures the pressure inside the extinguisher which contains extinguishing fluid driven by propellant gas and which has a fluid distributor valve, the gauge being removable. The gauge is mounted on the extinguisher via a control valve solidly secured to the latter. The valve opens automatically when the gauge is fitted, and shuts when it is removed. The valve can have a ball, etc, (8) working in a sleeve and held against its seat (9) by the pressure inside the extinguisher, being lifted off it by a pushrod (11) on the gauge. The gauge is screwed onto the control valve.
Patent FR-2239921-A5 (FR)
Title: Analysis of hydrocarbon materials in gases - by determination of ionisation current when dosed into hydrogen-oxygen flame
IPC: G01N27/62
Filed: 1973-08-02
Granted: 1975-02-28
Abstract: Measurement of hydrocarbon in gases may be made in the range from less than 1 ppm to explosive concentrations or even higher if diluent gas is used. Flow of hydrocarbon containing gas is measured by pressure drop across a capillary restriction and then burnt in a hydrocarbon-oxygen flame causing ionisation. The ionisation current is measured under constant potential and is proportional to the flow of hydrocarbon, hence the hydrocarbon content of the gas can be measured. Determination of hydrocarbons in gaseous mixtures e.g. polluted atmospheres, stack emissions, explosive atmospheres or for determination of unburn fuel in exhaust gases from petrol or diesel engines.
Patent FR-2242890-A5 (FR)
Title: End stop for a rotary drier cylinder - has roller perpendicular to cylinder axis on a spring loaded slide
IPC: F16C13/00
Filed: 1973-09-05
Granted: 1975-03-28
Abstract: The elastic stop is mainly used to limit or absorb small displacements which the mechanism tends to have along the axis around which it rotates. It has at least one roller with its axis perpendicular to the mechanism's and assembled on a slide moving parallel to the axis of rotation against an elastic returning force. The slide may have two rollers, instead of one, connected to a rocking lever and placed on either side of the lever symmetrically in relation to the axis of rotation. The elastic returning force is provided by a horizontal stack of spring washers.
Patent FR-2250272-A5 (FR)
Title: Indicator label for sliding storage drawer in shop - drawer front has grip and angled label, giving view at all angles
IPC: A47B95/00
Filed: 1973-11-07
Granted: 1975-05-30
Abstract: Sliding storage drawer front has integral moulded hand grip whose top part incorporates an indicator label support plate (4). The inclined angle of the support plate to which the label is fixed, varies depending on the viewing angle of the shop assistant, i.e. drawers near floor have upwards tilted labels, drawers near ceiling downwards tilted labels. Angled or vertical support plate carrying the label, is covered by a semi-cylindrical lens (1) which has at top and bottom (5, 6) a resilient snap-on fitting to engage the support plate. Labels on floor to ceiling mounted storage drawers may be viewed from eye level by shop assistant.
Patent CH-696578-A5 (CH)
Inventor: KOEBERLE FRITZ
IPC: A61H5/00
Filed: 2003-07-30
Abstract: The device has optically perceptible characters (10) e.g. numbers, arranged in different distances from a view position (5) and forming a character row (11). The direction of the row corresponds with a view direction (6) originating from the view position. The view direction forms a pointed angle alpha with the row, where the characters are attached to laminar supports (20). The respective support is arranged such that one of large surfaces (25) of the supports is turned towards the view position. The characters are attached on the large surfaces of the respective supports.
Patent DD-146452-A5 (DD)
Title: Verfahren zur dehydrohalogenierung von (polyhaloalkyl)-benzolen
Inventor: MARKLEY LOWELL D
IPC: C07C25/24
Filed: 1979-10-09
Abstract: Erfindungsgemaesz werden (Haloalkenyl)-benzole und andere (Haloalkenyl)-arene vorteilhafterweise nach einem Dehydrohalogenierungsverfahren erhalten, bei dem ein (Polyhaloalkyl)-aren, in dem das Polyhaloalkyl ein benzylisches Halogen und mindestens ein nicht-benzylisches, aliphatisches Halogen enthaelt, mit einer katalytischen Menge einer geeigneten aktiven Lewissaeure, die bevorzugt an einem inerten, festen, teilchenfoermigen Traeger abgeschieden ist (und als "traegerhaltige Lewissaeure" bezeichnet wird) unter Dehydrohalogenierungsbedingungen umgesetzt. Ueberraschenderweise wird das benzylische Halogen der Polyhaloalkylgruppe selektiv unter Bildung der gewuenschten (Haloalkenyl)-arene eliminiert, waehrend das nicht-benzylische, aliphatische Halogen bzw. die Halogene ungestoert zurueckbleiben. Die erfindungsgemaesz hergestellten (Haloalkenyl)-benzole sind nuetzlich als biologisch aktive Verbindungen, wie zuvor beschrieben, und als Zwischenprodukte bei der Herstellung anderer biologisch aktiver Verbindungen.
Patent DD-238875-A5 (DD)
Title: Magnetscheibeneinheit sowie patrone und aufzeichnungs- bzw. wiedergabegeraet fuer diese
Inventor: SAITO ETSURO
IPC: G11B23/033
Filed: 1982-06-25
Abstract: Magnetscheibeneinheit bestehend aus einer Magnetscheibe und einem zentral auf der Magnetscheibe positionierten Nabenelement mit einer nichtkreisfoermigen Oeffnung fuer die Aufnahme einer runden Antriebswelle, die dazu dient, die Magnetscheibe in eine Drehbewegung zu versetzen. Das Nabenteil umfasst zumindest zwei Bezugsflaechen, die zueinander konvergieren und die zwei Bezugsflaechen der Oeffnung bilden; sowie aus einem oder mehreren federnden Teilen mit einer Flaeche, die eine dritte Wand der Oeffnung bildet. Die drei Waende sind so positioniert und dimensioniert, dass nach Aufnahme der Antriebswelle die Bezugsflaechen und die Flaeche des federnden Elementes alle die Antriebswelle tangential beruehren und somit in eine Drehbewegung versetzt werden, wenn sich die Antriebswelle dreht. Fig. 1
Patent DD-207343-A5 (DD)
Title: Verfahren und vorrichtung zum verdichten von giessereiformstoff
Inventor: KOEBEL ALFONS
IPC: B22C15/00
Filed: 1983-03-22
Abstract: Waehrend das Ziel der Erfindung in der Verbesserung der Qualitaet von durch Gasdruck verdichteten Formen liegt, besteht die Aufgabe darin, ein Verfahren und eine Vorrichtung zu dessen Durchfuehrung vorzuschlagen, mit deren Hilfe eine gleichmaessige Verdichtung ueber die Formhoehe bei minimalen Formstoffbedarf erreicht werden kann. Zur Loesung der Aufgabe schlaegt die Erfindung ein Verfahren zum Verdichten von Giessereiformstoff durch schlagartige Einwirkung von Gasdruck auf die freie Oberflaeche des ueber dem Modell aufgeschuetteten Formstoffs vor, bei dem auf die freie Formstoff-Oberflaeche eine gasdurchlaessige Zusatzmasse aufgelegt, die aus mehreren in Richtung senkrecht zur Formstoff-Oberflaeche beweglichen Einzelmassen besteht, wobei der Gasdruck auf die freie Oberflaeche der Zusatzmasse zur Wirkung gebracht wird. Diese Zusatzmasse findet Anwendung bei Verdichtungsverfahren, die entweder mit einer Enrspannung von gespeichertem Druckgas oder mit einer durch Explosion erzeugten Druckgaswelle arbeiten, und eignet sich insbesondere bei der Verdichtung von Nassformsand.
Patent DD-209651-A5 (DD)
Title: Verfahren zur immobilisierung des aminoacylaseenzyms
Inventor: BOROS LASZLO
IPC: C12N11/08
Filed: 1982-03-17
Abstract: DIE ERFINDUNG BETRIFFT EIN VERFAHREN ZUR IMMOBILISIERUNG DES AMINOCYLASEENZYMS. ERFINDUNGSGEMAESS WIRD DAS DURCH SAURE ODER BASISCHE HYDROLYSE EINES ACRYLAMID-N,N'-METHYLEN-BIS-ACRYLAMID-COPOLYMEREN VOM TYP AKRILEX P ENTSTANDENE PARTIELL HYDROLYSIERTE COPOLYMER MIT EINER IN WASSER LOESLICHEN ODER BEI EINER TEMPERATUR UNTER 0 GRAD IN ORGANISCHEN LOESUNGSMITTELN LOESLICHEN CARBODIIMIDVERBINDUNGEN BEHANDELT, WORAUFHIN AUF DEN SO AKTIVIERTEN TRAEGER AMINOACYLASE IN EINER LOESUNG MIT EINEM PH-WERT ZWISCHEN 6,5 UND 8,5 AUFGEBRACHT WIRD. DAS ERHALTENE PRODUKT WIRD GEWASCHEN UND GEWUENSCHTENFALLS GETROCKNET.
Patent DD-231313-A5 (DD)
Title: Verfahren zum ummanteln von stabfoermigen metallischen formkoerpern mit thermoplastischem kunststoff
Inventor: STUCKE WALTER
IPC: B29C48/335
Filed: 1983-06-22
Abstract: Die Erfindung betrifft ein Verfahren zum Ummanteln von stabfoermigen metallischen Formkoepern, insbesondere Stahlrohren, mit thermoplastischem Kunststoff, insbesondere Polyaethylen. Um fuer Rohre mit Nennweiten insbesondere zwischen 50 und 500 mm das Aufbringen einer schlauchfoermigen Folie zu verbessern und die Moeglichkeit fuer eine schnellere Ummantelungsgeschwindigkeit zur Erzielung eines groesseren Mengendurchsatzes zu schaffen, wird vorgeschlagen, dass fuer die Grundierung eine Schicht eines pulverfoermigen, vorkondensierten Epoxyharz/Haerter-Gemisches, welches bei einer Temperatur zwischen 145 und 155C innerhalb 50-70 Minuten aushaertet, in einer Dicke zwischen 30 und 50 um auf das erwaermte Rohr aufgebracht wird, welche anschliessend zum Verfluechtigen der freiwerdenden Reaktionsprodukte auf eine Temperatur von 200C durch Hindurchfuehren des Rohres durch eine Infrarotstrahlerstrecke erhitzt wird, dass dann auf die erhitzte Grundierung die schlauchfoermige Doppelfolie mit einer Temperatur zwischen 165 und 190C und mit einem mindestens 36fach groesseren Schichtvolumen extrudiert wird, und dass zur Aushaertung der Grundierung der thermoplastische Mantel innerhalb etwa einer Stunde zunaechst in seiner aeusseren Oberflaeche bis auf 50C bis 60C begrenzt und dann bis auf Raumtemperatur abgekuehlt wird.
Patent DD-243868-A5 (DD)
Inventor: BRATTAN KEITH
IPC: B01D1/14
Filed: 1986-01-17
Abstract: An apparatus for effecting direct contact between a gas and a liquid which comprises at least one substantially vertical channel, formed for example, by a pair of parallel plates. means for introducing gas at a lower part of the channel. means for introducing liquid to the channel, and means for removing gas and liquid at an upper part of the channel, the height of the channel being substantially greater than the distance between the walls thereof which define the channel, e.g. between the parallel plates, such that gas at elevated pressure, when introduced into the channel, can cause liquid to move upwardly in the channel and to be removed from the channel. The apparatus may be associated with an electrolytic cell in which a gas is produced by electrolysis. Also a process for effecting direct contact between a gas and a liqud.