Patent GB-230912-A (GB)
Title: Improvements in or relating to locks
IPC: E05B37/04
Filed: 1923-12-18
Abstract: 230,912. Sj÷lander, C. G. L. Dec. 18, 1923. Locks, permutation.-In a permutation lock in which locking elements are set, and the combination changed to suit a new key, by the to-and-fro rotation of a spindle, the usual setting dial is dispensed with and a key having stops which co-operate with an axially and rotatably movable member on, or moved by, the spindle is used to determine the necessary rotation of the spindle in either direction to set each element. Figs. 1, 6. 7, 10, 11 and 15 show one form of the device. The setting knob 32, carried by a spindle 33 extending through the door, carries a toothed sector 32a on the outer side of the door, which engages circular teeth on a cylinder 28 which can turn and slide on a rod 29 in the key-receiver 26, and an identical toothed sector 44 on the inside of the door engages an identical toothed cylinder 37. The bolt 24a is operated by a follower 24 which has a groove 23 into which engages the end of an arm 22 pivoted in a frame 3 at 20. When the discs 12 are set by racks 8 to align their notches 13 under the arm 22, this can drop, freeing the follower to operate the bolt. The follower is operated by its arm 51 engaging a slot 52 in the toothed wheel 46 which is turned by a toothed wheel 45 rigid on the spindle 33 when the elements 12 are set. To operate the lock the spindle is first turned to the right, before the key is introduced, when a slide 54 mounted on the wheel 46 rocks a lever 56 to push all the racks 8 to their extreme, or zero position, after which the lug 57 on the arm trips past the slide and the arm 56 assumes the position shown in Fig. 10. The key q is then introduced into the receiver 26 as shown in Fig. 7, and the spindle 33 rotated to and fro. At each rotation, the sector 32a slides the cylinder 28, and as this moves to the left, Fig. 6, one of the teeth 30 is engaged by the fixed bevelled tooth 35, rotating the cylinder half a step, and as it moves to the right the fixed tooth 36 engages the same tooth 30 to rotate the cylinder another half step, bringing one of the wings 31 into line with one of the k&y-stops 34. The cylinder is limited in sliding motion to the left by the wall of the receiver 26 and to the right by the various positions of the key-stops 34. Each stroke of the cylinder 28 as the spindle is turned to and fro is exactly repeated by the cylinder 37, teeth 40 on which coact with fixed bevelled teeth 41, 42 to repeat the turning by half-steps to bring the wings exactly similar to the wings 31, successively into engagement with projections 11 on the racks 8. The various positions of the stops 34 on the key determine the length of the strokes of the cylinder 28, which in turn determines the strokes of the cylinder 37 and the amount of sliding motion imparted to each rack, this being the amount necessary to set the notches 13 in the discs 12 directly under the arm 22. 'When all the discs are so set, the wings 31 are clear of the key stops and the spindle 33 can then be rotated far enough to cause the pinion 45 to turn the notched pinion 46 to operate the follower, the arm 22 having fallen into the notches 13 in the discs to free it. Normally the arm 51 of the follower, which is mounted frictionallv on the arbour 50 of the wheel 47, is just clear of the wheel 46, allowing the wheels 45, 46, 47 to rotate idly during setting. When the discs are set and the arm 22 drops into their notches, the cam groove 23 causes the arm 22 to move the follower sufficiently to engage the notch 52 in the wheel 46 for operation. In order to prevent opposite rotation of the spindle 33 before the full stroke has been completed, an arbour 65 with teeth 66, 67 is frictionally mounted on the boss of a pinion 62 engaging the wheel 45 so that a toothed sector 68 rigid on the spindle 33 will foul one of the teeth 66, 67, if the full amount of rotation is not completed before reversal of rotation. Each key stop 34 is carried on a strip so that these strips can be re-arranged in the holder q to change the combination. The corresponding change in the relative positions of the racks 8 with regard to the notches 13 in the permutation discs is effected by disengaging the racks and discs when correctly set and turning the spindle 18 by means of a square key when an eccentric pin 18a working in a slot in an arm of the member 16 lifts this member, in which the discs are mounted, to free the racks. To and fro motion of the spindle with the new key in place re-sets the racks, when the discs are again engaged. Figs. 19 and 21 show a modification in which the key is composed of plates with circular holes with stops projecting, these stops directly engaging the fin 74 on the end 73 of the cylinder 71 to determine the length of each of its strokes. The key may be made in one piece instead of in plates. Such a key is used in the simpler form shown in Figs. 31, 34, and 37. The fins 85 on the spindle 81 engage the stops of the key 86 inserted in the receiver 87 to determine the length of its stroke. The spindle is rotated in half steps by pointed pins 117, 118, engaging and centering holes 89 in a disc 88 at the end of the spindle. At each stroke, a wing 90 on the disc 88 engage a notched slider 97 to align its notch with the projection 106 on the follower boss 102 frictionally mounted on the disc 99. When all the sliders are set, and the spindle is pushed inwards, the disc 88 engaging a saw-cut in a boss 98 on the toothed sector 107 rocks this about its pivot 96, causing the arm 106 to enter the notches in the sliders and a notch in the sector. Withdrawal of the spindle then turns the follower to operate the lock bolt. The sliders are restored to their initial positions by the arm 109 operated by the arm 113 which trips over a boss on the heel of the sector 107 when the spindle is fully thrust in and trips out of engagement therewith when the spindle is fully pulled out.