Patent GB-756191-A (GB)
Title: Process for the production of hydrocarbon-free gas from gaseous hydrocarbons or hydrocarbon-containing gases, or from oil
IPC: C01B3/34
Filed: 1954-02-10
Abstract: 756,191. Gases containing carbon monoxide and hydrogen and free from hydrocarbons. DIDIER-WERKE AKT.-GES. Feb. 10, 1954 [Feb. 11, 1953 ; Feb. 11, 1953 ; Feb. 16, 1953 ; March 13, 1953 ; April 9, 1953 ; Nov. 28, 1953], No. 3882/54. Class 55(2). A process for the thermal conversion of hydrocarbons and hydrocarbon -containing gases and for gasifying oil, into hydrocarbon-free gas, e.g. ammonia synthesis gas, comprises diluting the hydrocarbons to be converted by admixture with highly heated hydrocarbon-free gas substantially inert to the reaction to make the concentration of hydrocarbon approximately that of coke-oven gas, and converting the diluted hydrocarbons with the aid of a gasifying medium, e.g. steam or carbon dioxide, directly in a heated reaction chamber. Suitable diluting gases are a part of the product gas, producer gas, blast-furnace gas and flue gas or other oxygen-containing gas in admixture with a combustible hydrocarbon-free gas. The process preferably comprises alternate converting and re-heating cycles. In the apparatus shown in Fig. 2 the gas to be converted and the gasifying medium admitted at 22 are preheated to about 400‹C. in a chamber 13 situated beneath a tower-like reaction chamber 21 having chequer-work packings 24, 25 and 26. Surrounding the chamber 13 is a chamber 14 in which recycled product gas entering at 23 is preheated to about 1100‹- 1200‹C. and possibly further heated by partial combustion with oxygen supplied through nozzles 16 and 17. The chequer-works in the chamber 21 have been previously highly heated for the converting cycle in the previous reheating cycle. The converted gases pass out of the chamber 21 through a passage 28 and into a regenerator 32 with chequer-works 30 and 31 and leave through lines 33 and 34. In the reheating cycle air is admitted to regenerator 32 through line 35 and a combustible gas supplied at 36 and possibly also at the top 27 of the chamber 21 is combusted to reheat the chambers 21, 13 and 14. Additional combustible gas may be burnt to reheat the chamber 14. In modified forms of the apparatus the chambers for preheating the gas to be converted and the diluting gas may be placed one above the other or they may be arranged separately at the base of the reaction chamber. In the arrangement of Fig. 7 two towers 57 and 58 containing packing 59 and 60 are provided, a free chamber 61 above the packing in tower 57 serving as a reaction chamber. Recycle gas, together possibly with steam, is preheated in tower 58 and enters chamber 61 tangentially to streams of gasifying medium and gas to be converted admitted at inlets 64 and 63 respectively. In another modified form of apparatus the preheated gas to be converted and gasifying medium are passed into a reaction chamber through a series of radial ports. Diluting gas is admitted into the reaction chamber through a water cooled pipe. Air and/or oxygen may be fed into the reaction chamber during the conversion to supply heat during the conversion. Granular heat-carriers may be used for effecting heat exchange in place of regenerators.