Patent GB-463712-A (GB)
Title: Improvements in or relating to plastic compositions comprising for example cellulose derivatives or resins
IPC: A01M23/22
Filed: 1935-07-01
Abstract: Organic plastic compositions such as those containing cellulose esters or ethers, or resins, including artificial resins, comprise as plasticizer or high boiling point solvent an ether of an ester of a hydroxy monocarboxylic acid of the formula R1OR2COOR3, where R1 is an aryl or aralkyl radical containing not more than 10 carbon atoms, R2 is a divalent hydrocarbon radical containing not more than 17 carbon atoms, and R3 is a monovalent radical derived from an alcohol or phenol and containing not more than 18 carbon atoms, the sum of the carbon atoms of R2 and R3 not exceeding 25 and preferably not exceeding 12.  The benzyl ether of ethyl lactate, benzyl ether of ethyl glycollate and phenyl ether of ethyl oxy butyrate are specified substances of the above formula. They may be made by treatment of the appropriate hydroxy monocarboxylic ester with sodium and treatment of the sodium compound with a halide of the desired aryl or aralkyl radical. Alternatively, they may be made by treating the halogenated ester such as ethyl a - or b -chlorpropionate with the sodium derivative of an alcohol or phenol.  In an example, benzyl ether of ethyl lactate is obtained by heating ethyl lactate in xylene with sodium under reflux, then with benzyl chloride, pouring the mixture into water, separating, drying with calcium chloride and distilling. In the above general formula, R1 may be phenyl, tolyl, xylyl, chlor-phenyl or tolyl, benzyl, or phenyl ethyl.  R2 may be a straight or branched chain radical.  R3 may be phenyl, benzyl, phenyl ethyl, tolyl, methoxy ethyl, or derived from straight or branched chain primary or secondary alcohols. Compounds of the above formula permit the addition of waxes, gums and resins in large amounts to cellulose derivatives, or may be used in compositions composed essentially of resins.  Solutions may be used for casting films or as coating compositions, and plastic masses may be used as moulding compositions.  Cellulose acetate, nitrate, formate, propionate, laurate, or mixed esters, or methyl, ethyl, or benzyl cellulose may be used.  Synthetic resins such as polymerized methyl acrylate, methyl or ethyl methacrylate, polyvinyl acetate or chloride, polystyrene, aldehyde modified polyvinyl resins, phenolformaldehyde, or urea-formaldehyde resins may be used.  Examples describe plastic compositions or solutions containing cellulose esters or ethers, or mixtures of cellulose esters and ethers and one of the plasticizers specified above, in some cases together with other plasticizers such as camphor, thio-triphenyl phosphate, or ethyl acetanilide.  Montan wax, dammar, rosin, wood flour, ground a -cellulose, starch, baryta, rottenstone, zinc oxide, or palm-nut wood flour, may be added to the compositions.  The ether-esters of the above general formula may be used as adhesives or cements either alone or with a volatile solvent or mixed with a cellulose derivative, for cementing cellulose derivative plastics preferably in sheet form, to other layers such as metal, paper, glass, or plastic substances.  A solution of benzyl ether of ethyl lactate in acetone may be used, or solutions of benzyl ether of ethyl lactate or benzyl ether of ethyl glycollate with cellulose nitrate or acetate, or benzyl cellulose in volatile solvents.ALSO:Organic plastic compositions containing resins, comprise as plasticizer or high boiling point solvent an ether of an ester of a hydroxy monocarboxylic acid of the formula R1OR2COOR3, where R1 is an aryl or aralkyl radical containing not more than 10 carbon atoms, R2 is a divalent hydrocarbon radical containing not more than 17 carbon atoms, and R3 is a monovalent radical derived from an alcohol or phenol and containing not more than 18 carbon atoms, the sum of the carbon atoms of R2 and R3 not exceeding 25 and preferably not exceeding 12.  The benzyl ether of ethyl lactate, benzyl ether of ethyl glycollate and phenyl ether of ethyl oxybutyrate are specified substances of the above formula. In the above general formula, R1 may be phenyl, tolyl, xylyl, chlor-phenyl or tolyl, benzyl, or phenyl-ethyl.  R2 may be a straight or branched chain radical.  R3 may be phenyl, benzyl, phenyl-ethyl, tolyl, methoxy-ethyl, or derived from straight or branched chain primary or secondary alcohols. Compounds of the above formula permit the addition of waxes, gums and resins in large amounts to cellulose derivatives, or may be used in compositions composed essentially of resins.  Solutions may be used for casting films or as coating compositions, and plastic masses may be used as moulding compositions.  Montan wax, dammar, rosin, wood flour, ground a -cellulose, starch, baryta, rottenstone, zinc oxide, or palm-nut wood flour, may be added to the compositions.  The etheresters of the above general formula may be used as adhesives or cements either alone or with a volatile solvent for cementing cellulose derivative plastics preferably in sheet form, to other layers such as metal, paper, glass, or plastic substances.  A solution of benzyl ether of ethyl lactate in acetone may be used.ALSO:Organic plastic compositions containing resins, comprise as plasticizer or high boiling point solvent an ether of an ester of a hydroxy monocarboxylic acid of the formula R1OR2COOR3, where R1 is an aryl or aralkyl radical containing not more than 10 carbon atoms, R2 is a divalent hydrocarbon radical containing not more than 17 carbon atoms, and R3 is a monovalent radical derived from an alcohol or phenol and containing not more than 18 carbon atoms, the sum of the carbon atoms of R2 and R3 not exceeding 25 and preferably not exceeding 12.  The benzyl ether of ethyl lactate, benzyl ether of ethyl glycollate and phenyl ether of ethyl oxy butyrate are specified substances of the above formula. In the above general formula, R1 may be phenyl, tolyl, xylyl, chlor-phenyl or tolyl, benzyl, or phenyl ethyl.  R2 may be a straight or branched chain radical.  R3 may be phenyl, benzyl, phenyl ethyl, tolyl, methoxy ethyl, or derived from straight or branched chain primary or secondary alcohols. Solutions may be used for casting films or as coating compositions, and plastic masses may be used as moulding compositions.  Montan wax, dammar, rosin, wood flour, ground a -cellulose, starch, baryta, rottenstone, zinc oxide, or palm-nut wood flour, may be added to the compositions. The ether-esters of the above general formula may be used as adhesives or cements either alone or with a volatile solvent for cementing cellulose derivative plastics preferably in sheet form, to other layers such as metal, paper, glass, or plastic substances.  A solution of benzyl ether of ethyl lactate in acetone may be used, or solutions of benzyl ether of ethyl lactate or benzyl ether of ethyl glycollate with cellulose nitrate or acetate, or benzyl cellulose in volatile solvents.