Patent GB-585496-A (GB)
Title: New alkyd resins
IPC: C08G63/553
Filed: 1945-01-12
Abstract: Modified or unmodified alkyd resins are prepared from a polyhydric alcohol, e.g. ethylene glycol, propylene glycol, butylene glycol, diethylene glycol, triethylene glycol, glycerol, polyglycerol, sorbitol, mannitol and pentaerythritol and a polybasic acid, which is an adduct of cyclopentadiene and fumaric acid mixed, if desired, with succinic, glutaric, adipic, sebacic, maleic, fumaric, itaconic, acetylene dicarboxylic, malic, tartaric, citric, phthalic or terephthalic acid or a corresponding anhydride.  Suitable modifying agents are coconut oil, palm oil, castor oil, cottonseed oil, soya bean oil, sunflower seed oil, poppyseed oil, linseed, tung, perilla and oiticica oil, fatty acids derived from these oils, or other acids, e.g. butyric, benzoic or acrylic acids, also natural resins, e.g. rosin or colophony, synthetic resins, e.g. urea - formaldehyde, phenol - formaldehyde, melamine - formaldehyde, polyvinyl acetate, polyvinyl chloride, polyacrylic and polymethacrylic esters or polystyrene.  The reaction is carried out preferably in a solvent which will form an azeotropic mixture with water, e.g. toluene or xylene, in a vessel fitted for azeotropic distillation.  The addition product of cyclopentadiene and fumaric acid may be prepared as described in Specification 578,867.  The resins may be incorporated in coating compositions with drying oils, thinners, cobalt naphthenate as additional drier, and pigments in stoving finishes and in air-drying coating compositions with, e.g. white spirit as a thinner.  In examples: (1) the monoglyceride of linseed oil fatty acids (hydroxyl content 6.3 per cent), a cyclopentadiene and fumaric acid adduct and glycerol are stirred and heated in an atmosphere of carbon dioxide for 1 3/4 hours at 180-185 DEG  C.  (2) The monoglyceride of linseed oil fatty acids, an addition product of cyclopentadiene and fumaric acid and glycerol are stirred and heated in carbon dioxide at 190-195 DEG  C. for 1 1/4 hours.  Alkali-refined linseed oil is then added and the heating is continued.  (3) The monoglyceride of linseed oil fatty acids, and a cyclopentadiene-fumaric acid adduct are stirred and heated in an atmosphere of carbon dioxide for 5 3/4 hours at 185-190 DEG  C.  (4) Linseed oil fatty acids, glycerol, cyclopentadiene-fumaric acid adduct and xylene are stirred and heated at 185-190 DEG  C. for 8 hours in an atmosphere of carbon dioxide in a vessel equipped for azeotropic distillation. (5) The monoglyceride of soya bean oil fatty acids, cyclopentadiene-fumaric acid adduct, glycerol and white spirit are stirred and heated at 190-200 DEG  C. for 12 hours in an atmosphere of carbon dioxide in a vessel equipped for azeotropic distillation.  (6) The monoglyceride of linseed oil fatty acids, cyclopentadiene-fumaric acid adduct, phthalic anhydride, glycerol and xylene are stirred and heated at 165-175 DEG  C. for 3 1/2 hours in an atmosphere of carbon dioxide in a vessel equipped for azeotropic distillation.  Alkali refined linseed oil is then added and heating continued.  (7) Castor oil, cyclopentadiene-fumaric acid adduct and glycerol are stirred and heated in an atmosphere of carbon dioxide for 4 hours at 175-180 DEG  C.  (8) Mixed partial esters of glycerol and pentaerythritol and linseed oil fatty acids, cyclopentadiene-fumaric acid adduct, pentaerythritol and white spirit are stirred and heated in an atmosphere of carbon dioxide in a vessel equipped for azeotropic distillation for 5 hours at 185-200 DEG  C.