baber/WOPTO huggingface dataset:
Patent GB-1105604-A (GB)
Title: Determining the concentration of particles suspended in air
IPC: G01N15/06
Filed: 1964-04-25
Abstract: 1,105,604. Measuring particle concentration. A.E. CASWELL. June 21, 1965 [April 25, 1964], No. 17229/64. Heading G1N. In a cell measuring the concentration of particles in air (or a gas), the air is drawn through a cleaning filter gauge 2, ionized by a radio-active source 4, and blown through a conductive tube 6 set in an insulating wall 7 into a charge chamber 5, the tube 6 being held at a potential of, for example, +600v so that substantially all the negative ions in the air are attracted towards the tube 6 and are then swept through it into chamber 5 to set up a unipolar ion plasma in the charge chamber 5; the particles then being charged by collision with these ions and passing to a collector electrode 11 which is connected to an electrometer 13 measuring the total change on these particles. The negative ions but not the particles are prevented from reaching the collector 11 by a screen gauge 10 held at a potential of, for example, +60v. The screen potential is chosen with regard to the different mobilities of the ions and the particles. The collector may consist of two concentric cylinders held at different potentials, the charge on them being conveyed to the electrometer by means of a spring-loaded plunger 14. The geometry of the cylinder and of the supporting chamber, the velocity of the air, and the relative potentials of the cylinders, are varied to ensure that particles within a given range of size are "collected". The collector, alternatively, may consist of steel wool, or of parallel plates. An airflow regulating device is described which may be used to ensure a constant air pressure at the input to the ionization chamber of the apparatus.
Patent GB-1255069-A (GB)
Title: Improvements in or relating to voltage regulators
IPC: H02J7/14
Filed: 1969-04-02
Abstract: 1,255,069. Automatic voltage control. ROBERT BOSCH G.m.b.H. April 2, 1969 [April 5, 1968], No. 17255/69. Heading G3R. A voltage regulator for an alternator-rectifier 10, 15, 16 comprises an arrangement similar to that described in Specification 1,168,189 together with a Zener diode 21 which breaks down when the output voltage reaches a predetermined value indicative of a fault in one of the regulator components causing continuous energization of the alternator field winding 14. Subsequent current flow through the diode 21 causes its cathode-anode section to fuse and the short circuit thus produced reduces the output voltage and hence the field energization of the alternator to automatically deenergize the latter. Indication of this condition is provided by a lamp 40 energized through the ignition switch 41 and the short-circuited Zener diode 21.
Patent GB-951643-A (GB)
Title: Process and apparatus for the purification of brine
IPC: C01D3/16
Filed: 1960-05-16
Abstract: A two step process for continuously purifying brine by consecutively adding lime and an alkali-metal carbonate to continuously upward-flowing brine, whereby flakes are formed that settle out, the velocity of the brine flowing upwardly through the first reaction zone decreasing on account of the cross-section of the zone widening, the addition of the brine occurring where the flakes begin to form a sludge, comprises the steps of (1) continuously adding to the upward flowing brine in a first reaction zone and at a temperature between 50 DEG  C. and 100 DEG  C., lime in countercurrent flow, (2) regulating the lime feed rate to maintain the pH of the brine at at least 10.0 at the place where it leaves the first reaction zone, (3) regulating the flow velocity of the brine and removal rate of the sludge to prevent sludge or flakes carrying over to the second reaction zone, (4) adding, in a second reaction zone, an alkali metal carbonate in excess of that required for purification, and (5) regulating the flow velocity in the second zone to prevent flake or sludge removal therefrom. The lime may be in the form of calcined lime or milk of lime.  Sodium sulphate may be added to the brine prior to entering the second zone to reduce the alkali metal carbonate requirement, for example in the form of a mother liquor obtained by the evaporation of a sodium sulphate containing brine. There may be added before or simultaneously with the alkali metal carbonate, alkali bicarbonate in an amount such that the hydroxyl ion concentration remains at at least 10-6 g/l. Similarly CO2 may be introduced between the two zones for the same purpose.  The second zone may be situated above the first zone, and the sludge precipitated in the second zone may pass through the first zone.
Patent GB-943414-A (GB)
Title: Improvements in or relating to signalling lamps for mounting on the arms of users
IPC: E01F9/00
Filed: 1960-08-17
Abstract: 943,414. Road-traffic signs. P. STENSON. Nov. 17, 1961 [Aug. 17, 1960], No. 17309/60. Heading E1G. A road signalling device 1 for mounting on the arm or wrist comprises a bulb 4, a battery 9, a gravity-operated mercury switch 12 having a foam rubber or polyvinylchloride wrapping 13, electrical connections as shown, a bracket 29 for a strap and a lever-operated cam 39 for pressing conductors 18, 21 into inter-engagement. The various conductors are made of nickel and the fuze 1, battery cover, lever 38, its shaft and cam 39 are made of polystyrene. The bulb cover is made of transparent or translucent material and formed with fine embossed ribs, if so desired. The device may incorporate two bulbs and the switch may incorporate a time delay.
Patent GB-848733-A (GB)
Title: Improvements in or relating to photographic reproduction
IPC: G03G15/06
Filed: 1958-05-30
Abstract: 848,733. Electrophotographic processes. KALLE & CO. AG. May 30, 1958 [May 31, 1957; Aug. 17, 1957], No. 17325/58. Class 98(2) An electrostatic latent image bearing member is developed on passing through a body of electroscopic powder which is subjected to vibrations imparted from the walls of its containing vessel. As shown, the opposite side walls 11 of a trough are vibrated to throw the developer powder 12 up into a ridge 17 and the image bearing member is carried on a roller (not shown) submerged in the powder. Walls 11 are vibrated in opposite phase by cam 16 acting in opposition to compression springs 14. In another form, the trough is formed in two halves 31 joined by a strip of leather 23 which extends along the bottom and up the end walls. The trough halves are mounted on tempered sheet steel brackets 35 having soft iron inserts 28 cooperating with A. C. energised electromagnet 26. In other troughs having flat inclined side walls joined at their lower edges to form a V, the node and anti-node of the electromagnetically produced vibration may be, respectively, at the joined and free edges (Fig. 2, not shown) or vice-versa (Figs. 5 and 6, not shown).
Patent GB-807909-A (GB)
Title: Improved porous sintered metal friction element
IPC: C22C33/02
Filed: 1957-05-31
Abstract: 807,909. Powder metallurgy. GENERAL MOTORS CORPORATION. May 31, 1957 [July 6, 1956], No. 17329/57. Addition. to 807,776. Class 82(1) [Also in Groups XXIV and XXXIV] A composite porous sintered metal friction element, e.g. for use as brake and clutch linings, consists of a compacted powder mixture in two layers, the one layer (the friction layer( comprising 20 to 25 per cent graphite, 2 to 6 per cent molybdenum disulphide, and at least 60 per cent iron, whilst the other layer being more ductile and strong comprises 1 to 4 per cent graphite and at least 76 per cent iron. The first layer may also include up to 5 per cent copper, up to 3 per cent lead and up to 2 per cent ceramic, e.g. powdered clay; the ductile layer may contain wp to 9.09 per cent of other metals, e.g. copper, lead. The powders preferably pass 150 to 250 mesh; the iron may be reduced ovide, or electrolytic or sponge iron. A layer 30 of Fe powder with 2 per cent graphite is levelled off in a die cavity 24 (Fig. 2), retracted on the punch 26, and covered with the layer 34 of powdered Fe, graphite and MoS 2  in the specified proportions (Fig. 4). Upper punch 28 is lowered to briquette the composite at 60,000-100,000 1b./sq. inch into a self-sustaining mass which is removed from the die and sintered at 1800‹ to 2000‹F. for 30-60 minutes in a non-oxidizing atmosphere which is in equilibrium with the carbon content of the mass. The composite is riveted at 48 to a steel brake shoe 46 (Fig. 6) where the more ductile layer 44 is at its thickest and the frictional layer 42 at its thinnest. The average thickness of the frictional layer is preferably about three times that of the inner layer.
Patent GB-935360-A (GB)
Title: Improved apparatus for the catching and removal of entraine liquid in vapours
Inventor: WATTS HAROLD ARTHUR
IPC: A47D13/02
Filed: 1962-05-05
Abstract: 935,360. Separating liquid particles from gases. GEORGE FLETCHER & CO. Ltd. May 5, 1962, No. 17359/62. Class 123 (3). In apparatus for separating liquid particles from a gas stream comprising a plurality of curved vanes 20, Fig. 4, between which the stream flows and against which the particles are urged by centrifugal force and retained thereon, means are provided whereby the total cross-sectional area of said paths may be varied so as to maintain an optimum flow velocity over a range of flow volumes. As shown, the blades 20 form an annulus, the interior periphery of which is closed off in portions by sliding arcuate strips 30. The underside of the annulus is closed by an annular plate 26, Fig. 3, whilst the upper side is closed by a circular disc 25. Collected particles subsequently flow into a surrounding chamber 12, Fig. 1, and down drain pipes 14. In a modification, two sets of arcuate vanes 20, 20a, Fig. 2, are separated by a horizontal annular plate 21 and the effective height of the passages formed by the upper vanes 20a is varied by vertical displace ment along a guide rod 24 of an imperforate circular disc 22 which in its upper position blocks the area bounded by the inner periphery of the blades 20a. In a further modification the height of the passage is adjusted by allowing the lower edges of the vanes to pass through slots in the closure plate and connecting the upper closure disc to a vertically adjustable rod. In a still further modification the areas of the passages are varied by adjusting their widths. To this end the inner edge of each vane 20, Fig. 12, is mounted on a pivot 45 secured to the cover-plate 25 whilst the outer edge is guided between lugs 46 upstanding from the bottom plate 26. Acuate displacement of the cover-plate 25 about its vertical axis results in adjustment of the effective width of each passage.
Patent GB-1390633-A (GB)
Title: Automatic exposure control system for a single lens reflex camera
IPC: G03B7/16
Filed: 1972-04-14
Abstract: 1390633 Photographic camera exposure control ASAHI KOGAKU KOGYO KK 14 April 1972 [19 April 1971] 17385/72 Heading G2A A photographic camera exposure control system has means PV 1  and PV 2  for sensing the quantity of incident light, means Q 3  for computing the required exposure time on the basis of the sensed light and means Q 5  for comparing the computed time with a pre-set value and for automatically activating a flash device ST if the computed time is in excess of the pre-set value. The control system is designed for use with a single lens reflex camera in which silicon photo-cell PV 1  receives light passing through the camera objective and silicon photo-cell PV 2  receives light direct from the scene being photographed, storage capacitor CM storing a signal representative of the different illumination conditions of PV 1  and PV 2 , as decribed in Specification 1361348. Variable resistor VR 1  is adjusted so that the collector current iT of transistor Q3 is proportional to the intensity of light from the object and thus V B  is of a value corresponding to the APEX represented value Bv of the object brightness B. Variable resistor R F.ASA  is adjusted according to the diaphragm value and film speed sensitivity and the buffer circuit Q 2  carries out a computation so that the emitter voltage VT corresponds to an exposure time T v  = B v  + S v  - A v  based on APEX represented values. The voltage V T  is logarithmically expanded by transistor Q3 whose collector current iT charges a timing capacitor C T . Upon light measurement, a collector current is proportional to timing current iT is produced in a transistor Q 5  and the voltage drop due to a variable resistor VR S , which is adjusted by the user to the pre-set value of exposure time, is compared with the threshold value of a NOT circuit formed by transistor Q 6  and resistor R 2 . If the exposure time determined by the ambient illumination is long than the pre-set value, transistor Q 6  conducts, rendering Q 7  conductive and allowing charged capacitor C 1  to discharge via transformer T 1  to trigger flash tube ST upon closure of synchroswitch SW x . Silicon controlled rectifier D 2  will be triggered when the voltage across timing capacitor CT reaches a predetermined value so triggering flash by-pass discharge tube BT and also, after a time delay determined by R 6 , C 3  switches transitor Q 8  to de-energize an electromagnet M and thus allowing the shutter to close. When ambient illumination is such to give an exposure time shorter than that set by the user with VR s , then Q 7  remains non-conductive and the flash tube cannot be triggered. In this case electromagnet M is de-energized by the switching off of transistor Q 9  upon triggering of SCR D 2 . Transistor Q 8  being connected in series with non- conducting transistor Q 7  has no influence upon the exposure time.
Patent GB-517165-A (GB)
Title: Improvements in or relating to the treatment of zein
IPC: C08L89/00
Filed: 1938-06-11
Abstract: 517,165. Zein. INTERNATIONAL PATENTS DEVELOPMENT CO. June 11, 1938, No. 17433. Convention date, Aug. 2, 1937. Drawings to Specification. [Class 2 (iii)] A zein solution is treated with a hydrocarbon solvent (benzene or toluene) of maize oil and colouring matter and the mixture is allowed to stand until it separates into two liquid layers. The light supernatent layer, containing the oil and most of the zein solvent and oil solvent is removed from the heavier layer containing most of the zein and some of the zein solvent and oil solvent and this heavier liquid is subjected to a distilling operation, under a pressure reduced sufficiently to prevent denaturing of the zein, whereby substantially all of the oil solvent is removed. , The heavier liquid may be diluted with additional zein solvent (alcohol) before the distilling operation or it may be subjected during distillation to the action of alcohol vapours. The water content of the purified solution may be reduced by adding benzene during the distilling operation. The zein solution used may be obtained by extracting gluten meal with aqueous ethyl alcohol as described in Specification 492,599, and the extract may be clarified by the process of Specification 515,999.
Patent GB-174718-A (GB)
Abstract: 174,718. Spina, E. Lanzerotti-, and Thomson, K. J. Oct. 29, 1920. Cylinders receiving liquid fuel.-A combustion chamber 5 of small surface in relation to its volume comprises the bulk of the clearance space, the remainder of the inner wall of the cylinder head being convex and carrying admission and exhaust valves 8 which radiate from the centre of the convex surface as described in Specification 163,789, [Class 7 (vi), Internal-combustion engines, Valves &c. for]. The casing of the fuel valve 11 mav be surrounded by the valve tappets. The chamber 5 may be formed mainly in the cylinder cover, mainly in the piston or as provided with a relief
Patent GB-685193-A (GB)
Title: A method of treating calcium nitrate as obtained by the action of nitric acid upon natural phosphates
Inventor: GUILLET ROBERT
IPC: C05C1/00
Filed: 1951-07-24
Abstract: Calcium nitrate, as separated from the mother liquor, obtained by the action of nitric acid upon rock phosphate is treated with an ammoniacal solution of ammonium nitrate to neutralize adhering phosphoric and nitric acid with heating if desired.  Prior to this treatment a preliminary neutralization with calcium oxide may be carried out.  The resulting solution is evaporated by sprinkling in counter-current to a stream of hot gas.
Patent GB-1458735-A (GB)
Title: Chemical reactors
IPC: B01J8/06
Filed: 1974-04-22
Abstract: 1458735 Heating/cooling catalyst tubes CREUSOT-LOIRE 22 April 1974 [22 May 1973] 17556/74 Headings B1F and B1X An even flow of heat exchange fluid e.g. liquid salt around the lattice of catalyst tubes 10 is ensured by apparatus comprising rectangular tube plates 2 and 3, mutually perpendicular lateral walls 4, and inlet/outlet apertures 42, 43 for heat exchange fluid which form grilles that extend the whole width of the lattice. The apparatus can be used for the oxidation of phthalic or maleic anhydride which is passed downwardly through catalyst tubes 10.
Patent GB-773918-A (GB)
Title: Improvements in and relating to hand knitting apparatus
IPC: D04B39/00
Filed: 1955-06-17
Abstract: 773,918. Knitting-machines. MOSER, H. June 17, 1955 [June 19, 1954; March 28, 1955], No. 17625/55. Class 74 (2). A hand-operated parallel bed knitting- machine has the two beds pivotally connected at 28, Fig. 6, so that the front bed can be pivoted forward and rendered inoperative when it is desired to produce plain knitting on the rear bed. A bolt 27 secures the two beds together in co-operating relationship when the two beds are to be used conjointly in the production of rib. circular or similar work necessitating the use of both beds. The beds are relatively movable longitudinally and slide along the pivot 28 and bolt 27. The cam lock for each bed comprises a centre stitch cam 4 which is adjustably mounted to enable the stitch length to be varied, pivoted clearing cams 1, 2, fixed feed cams 5 and a pivoted tucking cam 3. Guard cam 6 extends across beneath the other cams and a deflecting spring 7 is located at each end of the cam 6. The two cam locks are coupled together by a yoke 16 engaging handles 8 on each lock. A yarn guide 11 mounted on a rod 10 is attached to the rear lock, the rod 10 carrying a rubber roller 9 which bears on the needle bed and reverses the position of the yarn guide each time cam lock is reversed at the beginning of each movement. When knitting plain fabric on the rear bed only the cams are positioned as shown in Fig. 1, the needles being raised and lowered by the leading clearing cam and feeding and stitch cam and then pass beneath the following clearing cam. For rib work the cam arrangement is the same as plain and both beds are operative. For circular knitting one of the clearing cams is raised in each lock such that the needles of each bed are operative during opposite motions of the locks. A tucking cam 3 is provided which is operative in one direction of knitting to produce tuck work, the associated clearing cam being rendered inoperative. The needle beds are grooved for the reception of the needles and have longitudinal slots to accommodate dovetail keys retaining the needles in position and also a longitudinal slot to accommodate a resilient cord which frictionally engages beneath the needles and holds them in any adjusted position.
Patent GB-1377957-A (GB)
Title: 1-cyclohexenylglycine
Filed: 1971-10-11
Abstract: 1377957 1-Cyclohexenylglycine TAKEDA YAKUHIN KOGYO KK 11 Oct 1971 [12 Oct 1970 24 May 1971 3 Aug 1971 25 Aug 1971] 17629/74 Divided out of 1377956 Heading C2C The invention comprises 1-cyclohexenylglycine. It may be prepared by reacting 1-cyclohexene-1-aldehyde with an alkali cyanide and ammonia or a compound which produces ammonia and hydrolysing the product or by subjecting a compound of the formula (where B is carboxyl, protected carboxyl or cyano) to nitrosation and (i) in the case where B is carboxyl, to reduction, or (ii) when B is protected carboxyl or cyano, to reduction and hydrolysis.
Patent GB-206190-A (GB)
Title: Improvements in and relating to processes for drying air
IPC: F26B21/08
Filed: 1922-06-27
Abstract: 206,190. Ikeda, K., Isobe, H., and Okazawa, T. June 27, 1922. Processes. - Absorbent material for use in drying towers is prepared from varieties of colloidal acid clay such as Fuller's earth, Florida earth and the like by extrusion and baking, its absorption power being 20 to 40 per cent of its weight. The clay is kneaded with water to form a stiff mass containing 80-110 parts of total water to 100 parts of completely dehydrated clay and the mass is forced through orifices 3-10 mm. in diameter, forming rods ¢-4 cms. long with deeply indented surfaces, as shown.
Patent GB-121771-A (GB)
Title: Improved Method of and Means for Controlling Hydraulic Rams having a Continued Reciprocatory Motion.
Inventor: WILLIAMS ARTHUR FREDERICK
IPC: F03C1/08
Filed: 1918-05-30
Abstract: 121,771. Wliliams, A. F. May 30, 1918. Liquid-pressure engines.-Hydraulic apparatus especially for operating mining and borehole pumps comprises an accumulator A, Fig. 1, fed by a pipe a and connected to a valve casng B by a pipe b, and one or more cylinders C, the rams of which operate the pumps. In the valve casing is a slide valve k which, when in the position shown in Fig. 5, allows liquid to pass from the pipe b to the pipe e and raise the ram of the cylinder C. During this motion, a weight o' causes the descent of a piston n in a cylinder l, the liquid under the piston being forced through a pipe b<1> under the control of a gate valve to the feed tank for the pump supplying the accumulator. The descent of the piston causes a stop q<1> on a rod p to operate a weighted bell-crank lever g<1> and through a quadrant s connected through reversing gear to a shaft u operate the slide valve to cut off communication between the pipes b, c and to cause a plunger to close the pipe b'. The weight of the pump parts forces the liquid from the cylinder C through ports h, m<1> and a pipe m into the cylinder l and raises the piston n, with the result that a stop q engages the bell-crank lever g<1> and returns the slide valve to its initial position.
Patent GB-171131-A (GB)
Title: Apparatus for regulating the width and intensity of the flames of gas singeing machines
IPC: D06C9/00
Filed: 1920-06-30
Abstract: 171,131. Osthoff, W. June 30, 1920. Mixing-valves.-A mixing and distributing apparatus for supplying compressed air to the ends and mixed gas and air to the middle of the burners of fabric-singeing machines comprises a casing having flange openings 26, 27, 28, 29 for the air supply, gas supply, mixture delivery, and air delivery respectively. Two relatively rotatable pistons 18, 19 connected bv a bolt 20 are axially displaceable in a sleeve 17, fixed in the casing by means of a hand-wheel 6, a crank 22, and a connecting-rod 21. The sleeve 17 is provided with air inlets 30, and a gas inlet 32 and the walls of the pistons 18, 19 are provided with corresponding apertures. The composition of the combustible mixture is adjusted by a partial rotation of the piston 18 by means of an eccentric bolt 23. In operation, the intensity of the flames is adjusted by controlling the supply of compressed air to the ends of the burners by a partial rotation of the piston 19 bv means of a handle 10. An axial displacement of the pistons 18, 19 by means of the hand-wheel 6 will then vary the width of the flames without considerably varying their intensity. In a modification, the mixed gas and air are supplied through the opening 27, theinlet 30 being dispensed with.
Patent GB-984162-A (GB)
Title: Process for the production of glycerine and epichlorohydrin
Filed: 1961-05-17
Abstract: Glycerol and epichlorhydrin are obtained by contacting an aqueous solution containing a glycerol monochlorhydrin and a glycerol dichlorohydrin (e.g. from chlorination of allyl alcohol) with a base, stripping peichlorhydrin from the solution, subjecting the remaining solution to hydrolysis, and recovering glycerol. Specified bases are NaOH, Na2CO3, KOH, LiOH, ethyl trimethyl ammonium hydroxide, and Ca(OH)2 (in the last case removing Ca2+by treating the solution after epichlorhydrin removal with an ion exchange resin, prior to the hydrolysis).