baber/WOPTO huggingface dataset:
Patent WO-02063050-A1 (WO)
Title: Verfahren zur herstellung einer kette
Inventor: PHILIPP GUENTHER
IPC: C21D1/30
Filed: 2002-01-15
Abstract: Die Erfindung betrifft ein Verfahren zur Herstellung einer Kette, insbesondere einer Rundstahlkette, aus einem Vergütungsstahl. Der Kettenstrang wird in konventioneller Weise gefertigt und der üblichen Wärmebehandlung mit Normalisieren, Härten und Anlassen unterzogen. Das Anlassen erfolgt auf einem niedrigen Temperaturniveau unterhalb von 200 °C. Es kommt ein Vergütungsstahl zum Einsatz, dessen Gefüge nach dem Härten und Anlassen stabilen Restaustenit in Gehalten zwischen 3 % und 10 % enthält. Nach dem abschließenden Kalibriervorgang wird der Kettenstrang einer Wärmenachbehandlung mit einer Temperatur zwischen 190 °C und 250 °C unterzogen. Hierdurch erfolgt ein Abbau der Spannungen aus dem Kalibriervorgang und der damit einhergehenden Kaltverfestigung. Auf diese Weise kann das Kerbschlagarbeitsvermögen gesteigert werden.
Patent WO-02066944-A1 (WO)
Title: Verfahren und vorrichtung zur korrektur eines temperatursignals
Inventor: PLOTE HOLGER
IPC: G01K7/00
Filed: 2002-02-07
Abstract: Es werden eine Vorrichtung und ein Verfahren zur Korrektur eines Temperatursignals, insbesondere eines Temperatursignals, das die Temperatur der Gase, die der Brennkraftmaschine zugeführt und/oder die von der einer Brennkraftmaschine abgegeben werden, charakterisiert, beschrieben. Eine erste Korrektur berücksichtigt die das Ansprechverhalten des Sensors. Eine zweite Korrektur berücksichtigt das zeitliche Verhalten der Brennkraftmaschine und/oder der zugeordneten Komponenten.
Patent WO-02066929-A1 (WO)
Title: Drehratensensor
Inventor: WILLIG RAINER
IPC: G01C19/56
Filed: 2002-02-14
Abstract: Es wird ein Drehratensensor mit einem ersten und einem zweiten Coriolis-Elemente (100, 200) vorgeschlagen, die nebeneinander über einer Oberfläche (1) eines Substrats angeordnet sind. Die Coriolis-Elemente (100, 200) werden zu Schwingungen parallel zu einer ersten Achse Y angeregt. Durch eine Coriolis-Kraft werden die Coriolis-Elemente (100, 200) in einer zweiten Achse X, die senkrecht zu der ersten Achse Y ist, ausgelenkt. Die Schwingungen des ersten und zweiten Coriolis-Elementes (100, 200) erfolgen gegenphasig zueinander auf Bahnen, die ohne die Wirkung einer Coriolis-Kraft zwei zueinander parallele Geraden sind.
Patent WO-02067002-A1 (WO)
Title: Verfahren und vorrichtung zur qualitätsprüfung von leiterplatten
Inventor: REISINGER WERNER
IPC: G01J5/34
Filed: 2002-02-20
Abstract: Die Erfindung betrifft ein Verfahren und eine Vorrichtung zum Prüfen von elektronischen Schaltungen oder deren Teilen auf Leiterplatten. Hierbei sind erfindungsgemäss folgende Verfahrensschritte vorgesehen, welche eine berührungslose Prüfung bei einfachen Aufbau der Vorrichtung erzielen: (a) Erfassen einer von einer Oberfläche der Leiterplatte ausgehenden Strahlung, (b) Umsetzen der erfassten Strahlung in Daten, welche eine Oberflächenstruktur und/oder Tiefenstruktur der Leiterplatte repräsentieren, (c) Vergleichen der Daten der Oberflächenstruktur und/oder der Tiefenstruktur mit gespeicherten Daten eines Sollzustandes der Oberflächenstruktur und/oder Tiefenstruktur und (d) Bestimmen von Abweichungen zwischen den Daten der erfassten Oberflächenstruktur und/oder Tiefenstruktur und den Daten des Sollzustandes der Oberflächenstruktur und/oder Tiefenstruktur.
Patent WO-02075184-A1 (WO)
Title: Dampfleitungsverschlussventil und dampfturbinenanlage mit dampfleitungsverschlussventil
Inventor: HAJE DETLEF
IPC: F01D25/00
Filed: 2002-02-25
Abstract: Die vorliegende Erfindung betrifft ein Dampfleitungsverschlussventil (14)zum Verschliessen einer Dampfleitung (20), insbesondere in einer Dampfturbinenanlage (10) zwischen einer ersten Teilturbine (11) und mindestens einer zweiten Teilturbine (15), die mit geringerem Druck als die erste Teilturbine (11) betrieben wird. Erfindungsgemäss ist das Dampfleitungsverschlussventil (14) in mehrere Elemente (25a, 25b, 25c, 25d) aufgeteilt, die gemeinsam den Querschnitt der Dampfleitung (20) abdecken können. Hierdurch wird eine Verringerung des Trägheitsmoments <i>Iy<i/> der Elemente (25a, 25b, 25c, 25d) erreicht.
Patent WO-03026320-A1 (WO)
Inventor: AMSTUTZ JOHANN
IPC: H04M19/00
Filed: 2002-08-27
Abstract: The invention relates to a data communication system (10), an electronic module (13) with a receiver device, and an electronic module (12) with a transmitter device  having two outputs (XL1, XL2) which are used to transmit a differential or symmetrical signal from the transmitter device. The invention is characterized in that the electronic module (12) is also provided with a converter(18g, 18k) which is used to convert the differential or symmetrical signal into an asymmetrical signal.
Patent WO-2004007248-A1 (WO)
Inventor: RINGGER KLAUS
IPC: B60R21/01
Filed: 2003-02-20
Abstract: Disclosed is a protective device for a vehicle, which can be deactivated by means of a switch (1). The status of said switch can be evaluated by a processor in a control unit (4) and an independent hardware path which comprises at least one logic module that creates a high degree of flexibility for adjusting delay times.
Patent WO-2004020962-A1 (WO)
Title: Spannungs-/dehnungsmesssensor sowie verfahren zur spannungs-/dehnungsmessung
Inventor: ZIMMERMANN WERNER
IPC: G01L1/14
Filed: 2003-08-05
Abstract: Die vorliegende Erfindung betrifft einen Spannungs-/Dehnungsmesssensor zur kontinuierlichen Überwachung von Spannungs-/Dehnungszuständen, insbesonclere in geschraubten Bolzen, sowie ein entsprechendes Verfahren. Aufgabe ist hierbei, eine Anordnung sowie ein entsprechendes Verfahren zu schaffen, die bzw. das einfach und unkompliziert einsetzbar ist und eine kontinuierliche Überwachung von Spannungs-/Dehnungszuständen ermöglicht. Erfindungsgemäss wird dies dadurch gelöst, dass ein Sensor (1) vorgesehen ist, der eine erste Induktivität (3) und mindestens ein weiteres Element (2) aufweist, welches zumindest eine druckabhängige erste Impedanz (5) oder eine zweite Impedanz (5') und eine zweite Induktivität (3') umfasst, wobei die zweite Impedanz (5') und/oder die zweite Induktivität (3') druckabhägig sind, so class bei Änderung der Druckbeaufschlagung des Elements (2) sich die Resonanzfrequenz eines durch Impedanz (5; 5') und Induktivität (3; 3') gebildeten elektromagnetischen Schwingkreises (3, 5; 3', 5') ändert.
Patent DE-1800060-A1 (DE)
Title: Multi-layer ptfe coatings on heat resistant materials
Inventor: V CERESKEVIC LEV
IPC: B05D1/00
Filed: 1968-10-01
Abstract: Heat-resistant materials are coated with an aqueous dispersion of p.t.f.e. in the presence of a surfactant, the layer is dried and sintered and prior to or during the deposition of the second and subsequent layers, the surface of the coated material is rubbed to give an electronegative charge on the p.t.f.e. surface(s). Preferably, the surface is rubbed by drawing the materials over two rollers covered with cloth or felt, the aq. p.t.f.e. polymer dispersion contains 4-12% surfactant, based on the wt. of polymer and the heat-resistant material is glass cloth, wire gauze or metal foil. A glass cloth contng. 75-95% p.t.f.e. is used as a dielectric material for slot insulation in electric motors, turn-to-turn and interlayer insulation in transformers and for multi-layer plates in radio engineering, as printed circuits.
Patent DE-1801468-A1 (DE)
Title: Hair treatment composition containing copolymer of
Inventor: WILLIAM TRIBOU EARL
Filed: 1968-10-05
Abstract: A hair-treatment preparation contains 1-5 weight % of a copolymer of vinylpyrrolidone (VP) and vinyl acetate (VA), 0.5-2 weight % of a water-soluble lanoline derivative and 0.25-1.25 weight % of stearyl-dimethylbenzylammonium chloride. The preparation is intended chiefly for use on men's hair. It is applied as an aerosol. The copolymer generally contains 30-50 %, preferably 40 %, of VA. The preparation preferably contains 1.5-3 weight % of the copolymer. The lanoline derivative is particularly an acetylated polyoxyethylene derivative and is preferably alcohol-soluble; it is preferably present in an amount of 1 %.
Patent DE-1809873-A1 (DE)
Title: Machine for stretching plastics films etc
Inventor: M RICHBOURG JAMES
IPC: D06C3/00
Filed: 1968-11-15
Abstract: Drive shaft has compressed air friction-disc clutch coupling to a hub; first driven shaft has clutch to 4th. friction disc rotatable on another hub, and belt couples driven and driving friction discs of 1st. and 2nd. clutches respectively, to set in motion, the 1st. driven shaft.
Patent DE-1812954-A1 (DE)
Title: Rotary kiln drier for particulate material
Inventor: ESSERS KARL-HEINZ
IPC: F26B11/04
Filed: 1968-12-05
Abstract: The drier is provided with a number of sets of periphery spaced lifting vanes, the sets being spaced axially to provide annular gaps in which are disposed conveying vanes acting in opposite direction to the lifting vanes.
Patent DE-1936184-A1 (DE)
Title: Mould for shoe soles and shoes with pre-moul - ded soles
Inventor: REGINALD DOBLE BRIAN
IPC: B29C35/00
Filed: 1969-07-16
Abstract: The mould used comprises a lateral section and a movable or resilient peripheral plate which cooperates with the section. The plate moves between a closed position in which it determines the peripheral zone of the sole and an open position permitting the removal of the finished sole from the mould. Spec., the plate consists of flexible material, e.g. rubber.
Patent DE-1936894-A1 (DE)
Title: Continuous corrugation of thin-walled, - smooth pipes
Inventor: KUYPERS HUBERT
IPC: B21D15/04
Filed: 1969-07-19
Abstract: Corrugating apparatus has a corrugating ring with a helical thread, which is inclined at an axis that cuts the axis of the pipe at right-angles and halves the pitch of the ring thread. The eccentricity of the corrugating roller ring is set in the direction of the swivel axis.
Patent DE-1958804-A1 (DE)
Title: Raschel pattern chains control
Inventor: KATHKE GREGOR
IPC: D04B27/26
Filed: 1969-11-22
Abstract: The shogging of Raschel or warp knitting machines is controlled by two pattern chains, one of which is moved continuously while the other one is racked intermittently. The chains carry lug operations contactless sensors and the drum shaft of the intermittent motion chain features a lug and a sensor. When the signal of the three sensors coincide, then electronic control circuit produces a command for operating the clutch of the intermittently driven unit.
Patent DE-1960836-A1 (DE)
Title: Oxide coatings for high temp heat conduct - ors
Inventor: FITZER ERICH PROF DR
IPC: C23C4/11
Filed: 1969-12-04
Abstract: Oxidation-resistant coating for massive bodies or intermediate layers of silicides and/or borides of Group IV-VI transition metals, pref. SiC or Si3N4, partic. for high temp. heat-conductors including on- and off- thermostats, contains Ge and Si, where Ge content, calc. as GeO2, is =60 wt.% and Si content, calc. as SiO2, is >=5 wt.% of oxide parts. Coating for use up to 1650 degrees C pref. contains 3-35 wt.% Ge(as GeO2) and 25-45 wt.% Si (as SiO2), and for use up to 1250 degrees C, pref. coating contains 35-60 wt.% Ge (as GeO2) and 5-25 wt.% Si (as SiO2). Pref. coatings or substrates contain Ge and Si in metal or alloy form, pref. as MoGe2, Mo13, Ge23, MoSi2 and/or WSi2. More pref. substrate consists of high melting metals of Group IV-VI, or alloys, pref. Ta, or high temp. Fe metal alloy, or synthetic C and/or high-melting carbides.
Patent DE-2012860-A1 (DE)
Title: Diazotising and coupling aromatic amines
IPC: C09B41/00
Filed: 1970-03-18
Abstract: Diazotising aromatic amines and coupling the resulting diazonium salts with the excess aromatic amine is improved by adding an acid to a mixture of the amine and NaNO2 so slowly that the resulting diazonium salt is practically instantaneously coupled with the excess amine. Under these conditions, the process can be carried out at temps. greatly exceeding the decomposn. temp. of the diazonium salt, in partic. between 20 degrees and 100 degrees C., so that cooling is not necessary. The technique is simplified, and higher yields are obtained.
Patent DE-2018972-A1 (DE)
Title: Monohaloacetone prodn
IPC: C07C45/63
Filed: 1970-04-21
Abstract: Improved process for preparing mono-haloacetone from excess acetone and halogen (pref. 0.4-0.5 moles) in the liquid phase uses aq. hydrogen halide as catalysts. 1-9 moles (pref. 1-2 moles) water and 0.0001 mole (pref. 0.005-0.04 moles) hydrogen halide are use dper mole acetone. Mono-haloacetone is solvent or synthetic intermediate for dyestuffs, lacquers etc.
Patent DE-2020198-A1 (DE)
Title: Hollow plastic bodies prodn
IPC: B29C33/46
Filed: 1970-04-25
Abstract: Hollow plastic bodies open on one side are produced by softening one end of a tubular plastic stub open on both sides by heating until it becomes deformable, and pressing and forming this end of the stub into the bottom of the hollow container over a length corresponding at least to the radius of the stub. Hollow plastic bodies with a variety of non-circular cross sections, can be easily produced, esp. hollow bodies for contg. a heat-producing light source, such as a candle. The need for bonding or welding a prefabricated bottom to the stub is avoided.
Patent DE-2032036-A1 (DE)
Title: Decontaminating toxic substances - with alkaline earth aluminate and/or ferrite hydrates
Inventor: DOSCH WERNER DR
IPC: C01F7/02
Filed: 1970-06-29
Abstract: Decontamination of toxic substances, e.g. pesticides, phytotoxicants and chemical warfare agents, is effected by contacting with a water-contg. material with a swellable laminar structure by which the poisons are sorbed into the crystal structure and/or decomposed. Pref. materials are cpds. of formula: M2X(OH)6 + (OH).aq - (where M is Ca or Mg; X is Al or Fe (III); aq is water of crystallisation; and OH in the anion can be replaced partly by acid radicals); or, for poisons of basic character, swellable laminar silicates, e.g. montmorillonite.
Patent DE-2104868-A1 (DE)
Title: 1,2-dihydroxy-propane-3-sulphonic acid alkenoate esters - - useful as intermediates eg for polyacrylonitrile fibres
IPC: C08F20/38
Filed: 1971-02-03
Abstract: Esters of 1,2-dihydroxypropane-3-sulphonic acid with alkenecarboxylic acids, and salts of these esters, are new cpds., useful as starting materials for fibres, antistatics, detergents, wetting and dispersing agents, ionexchangers, and plastics. They are prepd. in good yield and purity by reacting alkali(ne earth) alkenecarboxylates (pref. salts being those of 3-6 C di- or, esp., monocarboxylic acids) with 1-halo-2-hydroxy-propane-3-sulphonic acid or a salt thereof in the presence of a polar solvent.
Patent DE-2110173-A1 (DE)
Title: Carbon black-contg vinylic polymers
IPC: C08F14/06
Filed: 1971-03-03
Abstract: Vinyl chloride polymers contg non-masticated, finely divided carbon black particles, dispersed in the particles of the resin, are prepd. by (a) forming an aq dispersion of carbon black contg 50 wt.% solids of a hydrosol. dispersing agent formation of an aq. suspension of a vinyl chloride in an aq soln of an org. hydrosoluble suspension agent (c) mixing (a) with (b), (d) addn of a polymerise initiator to give the desired conversion monomer polymer. The polymer is used in fluidised bed processes and for prodn of gramophone records.
Patent DE-2135601-A1 (DE)
Title: Cable for weak currents - externally marked with position of water or moisture proofing plugging points
Inventor: OELENHEINT KURTH TH
IPC: H01B13/34
Filed: 1971-07-16
Abstract: Plastic insulated cable cores are sealed against longitudinal water seepage between leads and between leads and sheath by spaced polyurethane foam plugging points, whereby the position of these plugging points is marked on the outside to prevent them being cut through when the cable is cut i.e. for insertion of a cable sleeve etc. Pref. a counter and impulse sender is coupled with a measuring wheel running along the calbe case which delivers signals to the plugging device (i.e. an extruder) and to the marker at specific linear intervals.
Patent DE-2144076-A1 (DE)
Title: Organic diphosphite with bisphenol a residues - useful as stabilizers for organic substances
IPC: C08K5/526
Filed: 1971-09-02
Abstract: Title diphosphite of formula (I):- has stabilising and antioxidant properties and can be used for stabilising various organic cpds., e.g. plastics, elastomers, lubricants, transfer fluids, etc. It is prepd. by re-esterifying triphenyl phosphite with dicyclohexanolpropane and re-esterifying the resulting compound with bisphenol.
Patent DE-2149466-A1 (DE)
Title: Continuously treating metal surfaces - byspraying at pressures of 35-70 atmospheres
Inventor: RIES CHRISTIAN
IPC: C23C22/76
Filed: 1971-10-04
Abstract: Continuous treating of metal surfaces is carried out by spraying the surfaces with the treating solns. in different stages of the process, the stages being cleaning conversion coating and post coating. In each stage the soln. is sprayed with a pressure of 10-250, pref. 35-70 atm. The high pressure enables the process to be carried out a faster speeds and reduced work time compared with prior art methods.
Patent DE-2151881-A1 (DE)
Title: Continuously drying dyed wool - by feeding pieces from alternate predriers
IPC: F26B25/00
Filed: 1971-10-19
Abstract: A method for feeding dyed wool, etc. to a drier consists of supplying the flock to separate chambers, then removing it from them separately or together, and continuously conveying it to a drier, esp. sieve drum drier. This enables the drier to be supplied continuously.
Patent DE-2212776-A1 (DE)
Title: Helical book binding coil - with sharply angled pitch sections
Inventor: RENZ ALFRED PAUL CHRISTIAN
IPC: B42D3/06
Filed: 1972-03-16
Abstract: The coil for the binding of loose leaves with perforations on the binding edge is designed so that the pitch between the various turns of the coil is concentrated over a narrow circumferential section. These sections are disposed in a single zone parallel to the helix (coil) axis, whilst outside this zone the various turns are in offset planes normal to the helix axis. The design ensures that two open pages are not offset in height relative to each other.
Patent DE-2239512-A1 (DE)
Title: Imitation leather - comprising plastic coated textile substrate ang contg a bactericide
Inventor: REIMERS HARALD DIPL CHEM DR
IPC: D06N3/00
Filed: 1972-08-11
Abstract: The product has improved hygienic properties.
Patent DE-2248853-A1 (DE)
Title: Tyre tread skimming cutters - for prepn of surface before retreading
Inventor: SCHELKMANN WILHELM
IPC: B23D71/02
Filed: 1972-10-05
Abstract: The surface of the old tread is prepared for the application of the remoulded tread, by a milling cutter assembly whose individual blades have a rounded profile in elevation and are in the form of multiple teeth, each with radiused profile, separated by conically ground grooves. Has freedom from teating or loca overheating cheap method of obtaining uniform keying pattern for the fresh rubber.
Patent DE-2249770-A1 (DE)
Title: Pyridine methanol acetates prepn - by partial saponification of isomeric acetate derivs of pyridine-N-oxides using amines pref. aq dimethylamine
Inventor: FICKERT WERNER DIPL CHEM DR
IPC: C07D213/63
Filed: 1972-10-11
Abstract: Pyridine methanol acetates of formula (I) (where acetoxymethyl gp. is in 2- or 4-position; R is H, Me or Et, present in 3,5- and 6-position with 2-acetoxymethyl, and in 3- and 5- position with 4-acetoxymethyl) are useful as starting materials for pharmaceuticals, esp. for prepn. of thiaxanthenone derivs. for treatment of schistosomiasis, and inters for anaphylactic shock treatment. They are prepd. by partial saponification of isomeric acetate mixts. (prepd. by reaction of acetic anhydride on pyridine-N-oxides) at 0-60 degrees C, esp. room temp. using hydrazine, hydroxylamine, prim. amines or hydroxyalkylamines, prim. diamines or sec. amines, in 1:1 to 1.1 hydroxypyridine acetate: amine function mol. ratio and 1:2 acetic anhydride : amine function mol. ratio. Only hydroxypyridine acetates are split, in addn. to any acetic anhydride present. Non-saponified (I) are finally sepd. from the acetylated saponification agents and from less volatile hydroxypyridines by fractional distn.
Patent DE-2251898-A1 (DE)
Title: Totally enclosed fused salt aluminium electrolytic cell - - has cover with side and end walls
Inventor: ALTENPOHL DIETER DR RER NAT
IPC: C25C3/08
Filed: 1972-10-23
Abstract: The cell comprising a trough, several pre-fired anodes and a cover with a suction pipe. The cover consists of a cover plate at the two ends of which are swivel mounted side walls for resting on the trough. Further-more the coverplate has transverse vertical walls, which rest on the short sides of the trough, which enclose the anodes along their vertical sides. The design ensures effective fume extraction and requires the cell to be opened only for charging and for removal of Al-metal.
Patent DE-2256716-A1 (DE)
Title: Porous sinter material prodn. - by sintering iron sinter powders with soluble salts which are then leached out of product
Inventor: BEYER HORST DR ING
IPC: B22F3/11
Filed: 1972-11-18
Abstract: Porous sinter materials, esp. for use as raw materials for packed strips for rotational piston engines, bearings and slide-bars, are prepd. by admixing sinter powders, consisting mainly of Fe or Fe alloys, with sol. salts (I) having a vaporisation point above the sinter temps. compressing and sintering, and leaching the salts out of prod. with water and/or chemical agents and/or by an electrochemical process. Pref. (I) are alkali- or alkaline earth metal salts, e.g. NaCl or Na2S. Low melting alloys or cpds. esp. NiMnB, FeB, VAl or Cu3P may be added, to improve bonding. Abrasion strength of metallic matrix may be improved by adding hardening elements, e.g. Cr Mo. V or Ti as powders and/or alloying constituents.
Patent DE-2264914-A1 (DE)
Title: Liquid dose portion distribution system for clinical analysis - transfers doses from first to second conveyor according to coded bottles
Inventor: HAUG HANS PROF DR
IPC: G01N35/02
Filed: 1972-04-22
Abstract: A method and apparatus for the distribution of dose portions of liquid samples for clinical analysis. Successive liquid samples are retained in respective primary receptacles which are located on a primary conveyor adapted to move along a predefined path. Each receptacle is coded. A plurality of secondary receptacles are located in one or more secondary conveyor lines extending along a path at an angle to that of the primary conveyor. The conveyors are indexed with respect to each other and the samples are distributed in doses in accordance with a predefined program from each of said primary receptacles into one or more of said secondary receptacles correspondingly coded.
Patent DE-2315533-A1 (DE)
Title: Novolak fibres - used as ion exchanger
Inventor: OHTOMO KOCHIRO
IPC: D06M13/332
Filed: 1973-03-28
Abstract: Solid anion-exchange novolak fibres are mfd. by treating a solid novolak fibre with an aminating agent (I) e.g., NH3 to introduce an anion-exchange gp. After amination, the amino gp. may be converted into an anion-exchange gp. viz., ammonium, hydroxyl and/or Cl. Prodts. have high anion-exchange capacity.
Patent DE-2336202-A1 (DE)
Title: Sealed lead-through grommet for electric cables - is shrunk onto cable and has turned over end
Inventor: HAUFF WERNER
IPC: F16L5/02
Filed: 1973-07-17
Abstract: The grommet has a cylindrical section which is shrunk onto the cable. A flange at the end carries a cylindrical section of larger diameter extending back over the first section. The end of this section has a flange of small depth. The grommet is made in one piece and the cylindrical section of the turned over part fits into a metal lining of a bore in a wall. The lining has an enlarged diameter portion, accommodating an 'O' ring held in place by a positioning ring. This ring is pushed against the 'O' ring by the end flange on the grommet.