baber/WOPTO huggingface dataset:
Patent GB-820691-A (GB)
Title: Process for preparing oil-soluble sulphonic acids
IPC: C07C309/62
Filed: 1958-01-20
Abstract: <PICT:0820691/IV (a)/1> Oil-soluble sulphonic acids are prepared by charging separately but simultaneously a hydrocarbon oil containing sulphonatable material and concentrated sulphuric acid, e.g. oleum, to a mixing zone, preferably liquid-full, wherein the acid is dispersed in the oil in the form of droplets of diameter 5 microns or less in less than 1 second under conditions of high turbulence, e.g. with a Reynolds number of at least 3000, simultaneously or immediately thereafter subjecting the resulting dispersion to high hydraulic shearing forces of at least 10,000 reciprocal seconds, withdrawing the dispersion and mixing it with 0.5 to 5% by weight of water, based on the weight of oil charged, allowing the mixture to settle to form an oil phase and an aqueous phase, and separating the phases.  The mixture obtained after water has been added to the dispersion is preferably diluted with a low-viscosity, normally liquid, aromatic-free hydrocarbon material, e.g. 50-500 per cent of the original oil volume.  A diluent may be added to the oil before sulphonation.  The oil may be pretreated with sulphuric acid.  The amount of concentrated sulphuric acid used in the sulphonation should be such as to provide about 4-15% of sulphur trioxide based on the weight of oil.  Temperatures of 40-110 DEG  C. are suggested, and any pressure.  Fig. II shows a mixer-reactor in which a liquid-full mixing zone of high turbulence and high shear G is formed by removing a triangular annular section from the rotor I.  Further shearing forces are provided in the reaction zone H.
Patent GB-635997-A (GB)
Title: Improvements in or relating to struts for picture frames or like articles
IPC: A47G1/14
Filed: 1947-01-21
Abstract: 635,997. Picture-frame struts. FLATTER, P., and BLOWERS, F. R. Jan. 21, 1947, No. 1868. [Class 52 (iii)] The lower end of a pivoted strut 4 is urged outwardly by a spring 5 the upper extension of the strut bearing against the contents of the frame 1 to hold them in position.
Patent GB-755231-A (GB)
Title: Improvements in apparatus for bending tube
IPC: B21D11/07
Filed: 1954-01-22
Abstract: 755,231. Angular bending. BUNDY TUBING CO. Jan. 22, 1954 [June 10, 1953], No. 1920/54. Class 83 (4). Apparatus for bending a plurality of tubes comprises a grooved forming pad adapted to bend the tubes, positioned between it and a bending form, around the form, the pad being so carried as to be slidable relatively to its support so as to engage the tubes in a non-slidable manner during bending. A row of tubes W to be bent into S or serpentine shape having a succession of reverse bends are fed over a bending former 72 carried at the end of a pivoted arm 50 and under a bending former 16 positioned adjacent the pivot of the arm 50 and are held by a clamp 10 engaging their leading ends. The tubes are held against the former 16 by a fixed bending shoe 23 and are bent around the former by a grooved bending pad 30 slidable, with the tubes being bent and against a spring 130, on a support 28 rocked around the former 16 with the arm 50. The tubes are bent around the former 72 as the arm 50 rocks, being held against the former by a bending shoe 73 fixed to the arm 50 and being bent around the former 72 by a grooved bending pad 85 slidable, with the tubes being bent and against a spring 86, on a support 84 so pivotally connected to the arm 50 as to remain substantially parallel to itself during rocking of the arm 50. As the arm 50 is swung about its pivot it is shortened to compensate for the shortening of the tubes caused by their wrap around the former 16. To allow the tubes to be inserted or removed from between the former 16 and the bending pad 30 and shoe 23, the former 16 is carried on a pivoted arm 18 suitably rocked by means 20, and, to allow the tubes to be inserted or removed from between the former 72 and bending pad 85, the bending pad support 84 is swung away from and towards the former 72 by a lever 78 operated by a rod 101 having lever-actuating stops 104, 105, toggle means 90, 91 holding the support 84 in position. To hold the pad support 84 parallel to itself during bending it is carried by a bracket 70 to which is secured a sprocket 74 journalled in the arm 50 and rocked by a chain 75 passing over a second sprocket 110, journalled in the arm 50 and itself rocked by an arm 115 actuated by the means 116, 118. To shorten the arm 50 during bending it is made in two parts, an outer part 52 slidable relative to a base part, keyed on a rack-driven rocked shaft 44, by a fixed cam 65 against which the part 52 is urged by springs 56. The support 28 for the bending pad 30 is swung around the former 16 as the arm 50 rocks, and at about the same angular rate as the pad 85 relative to the former 72, by an arm 38 engaged in a cam slot 41 on the arm 50. The grooves in the bending pads 85, 30, each of a size to take one tube, with the tubes touching one another, have lead surfaces 146 and 148 (not shown). Specification 711,556 is referred to.
Patent GB-100721-A (GB)
Title: Improvements in and relating to Cooking Utensils.
Inventor: PAGE ANNIE MARIA
IPC: A47J36/20
Filed: 1916-02-10
Abstract: 100,721. Page, A. M. Feb. 10, 1916. Perforated containers for use in cooking-vessels.-A receptacle A, Figs. 1 and 2, formed with an inturned upper part or breast 11 and a rim 12, receives a vessel B having a perforated bottom and sides and a flange 12' adapted to rest on the rim 12. The vessel B has lugs 15, 16, which may, when desired, rest on the rim 12 to hold the vessel in a partly withdrawn position for inspection of the food; but, on bringing these lugs into vertical alinement with channels 13, 14 formed in the flange 12, the vessel may be lowered to the position shown in Fig. 1, in which position it is surrounded by boiling water in the receptacle A. The lug 16 may be extended to form a handle 17, and the receptacle A has an ordinary handle 10. When the vessel B is in its raised position, the perforations at its upper end may be sealed by the insertion of a flanged sheet-metal annulus. A plate 19 with handle 20 may be used for pressing vegetables in the vessel B.
Patent GB-380692-A (GB)
Title: Improvements in internal combustion oil engines
IPC: F16H31/00
Filed: 1932-01-22
Abstract: 380,692. Oil engines. LANG, F., 41, Laimerstrasse, Munich, Germany. Jan. 22, 1932, No. 2028. Convention date, Feb. 14, 1931. [Class 7 (iii).] A Diesel engine is provided with a cylinder head having a combustion chamber c into o which open a fuel injecting nozzle b and a pocket a approximately facing the nozzle and with air pockets d disposed about the circumference of the cylinder in such a manner that they receive no fuel from the nozzle. The air pockets around the cylinder are arranged in tiers adapted to be covered by the piston on the inward stroke and some or all of them may have external inlets e through which compressed air from an external source is forced during either the compression stroke or during combustion or both.
Patent GB-576622-A (GB)
Title: Improvements relating to a system for telephoto scanning
IPC: H04N1/23
Filed: 1943-02-08
Abstract: 576,622. Copying telegraphy. ZURIAN, P. D. Feb. 8, 1943, No. 2070. [Classes 39 (i) and 40 (iii)] In a transmitter in which a photographic negative 22 mounted on a rotary drum 1 is helically scanned by a photo-electric cell 18, a backing 21 of phosphorescent material is provided between the negative and the drum. The backing may be painted on the drum or on the back of the negative, or may be applied to the drum in the form of a split tube or sleeve. Instead of point-by-point excitation during scanning by a lamp 14 as shown, the whole negative with its backing may be exposed to light and the backing subsequently scanned by cell 18 with the negative removed.
Patent GB-803944-A (GB)
Title: Improvements in or relating to vitrifiable fluxes
Inventor: SHORT OLIVER ALTON
IPC: C03C3/064
Filed: 1957-01-21
Abstract: A coating of silver set in a vitreous matrix is produced on a ceramic object by firing on a composition consisting of finely divided silver (or a compound such as the oxide or carbonate which yields silver during firing) and a vitrifiable flux comprising bismuth trioxide, alkali metal oxide, cadmium oxide and boric oxide (or one or more substances giving rise to these oxides when fired).  The composition may be applied in an organic vehicle by brushing, spraying, dipping or screen stencilling, and the resulting coated ceramics (ceramics is defined to include glasses, china porcelain, mica, steatite porcelain, titanates and titanium dioxide) may be used as capacitors. The soldering of metal, e.g. electrical lead wires, to the silver coating may be performed by fluxing with a rosin flux followed by dipping in a molten solder bath comprising 62 per cent tin, 36 per cent lead and 2 per cent silver.  Specification 803,943 and U.S.A. Specification 2,385,580 are referred to.
Patent GB-875404-A (GB)
Title: Hydraulic driving mechanism for vehicles
Inventor: WARNE EUGENE HAROLD
IPC: B60K17/10
Filed: 1959-01-21
Abstract: 875,404. Controlling vehicles. LUCAS (INDUSTRIES) Ltd., JOSEPH. Jan. 12, 1960 (Jan. 21, 1959], No. 2203/59. Classes 79(2) and 79(5). The wheels 5 of a motor vehicle are each driven by a hydraulic motor 4 driven through a valve 7 from a pump 3 driven from an engine 6. The valve 7 comprises outlet ports 10 to each motor, Fig. 2, and a piston 11 raisable by foot pressure of the driver upon a link 14. In the event of loss of pressure in one motor caused by a spinning wheel, the piston is raised to restrict the flow to all motors whereby the non-spinning wheels will continue to be driven and undue loss of pressure in the spinning motor will be prevented. A bye-pass 15 allows pressure fluid to reach each side of the piston 11 and prevents undue resistance to its motion and a stop 17 restricts movement of the piston...-
Patent GB-1044251-A (GB)
Title: An amplitude comparator device
IPC: H03K5/24
Filed: 1964-01-17
Abstract: 1,044,251. Transistor comparator circuits; pulse modulation circuits. ROCHAR ELECTRONIQUE. Jan. 17, 1964 [Jan. 28, 1963], No. 2224/64. Headings H3T and H4L. [Also in Division G4] A circuit producing an output signal when a cyclic input voltage is equal to a signal voltage' for use, for example, in a digital voltmeter comprises a normally non-conducting transistor having its emitter supplied with the cyclic voltage and its base supplied with the signal voltage whereby the transistor becomes conductive when the voltages are equal, the resulting transistor current causing a bi-stable current to change its state and so render the transistor again non-conductive. In Fig. 2 a sawtooth wave from unit RPN is fed to the emitter of a transistor 42 and a voltage E to be measured is applied to the base. When the sawtooth voltage exceeds the signal the transistor conducts and thereby changes the state of a bi-stable circuit 62, 64. This produces a voltage at 76 which cuts off the transistor 42. The transistor accordingly has a low impedance only while switching occurs. A synchronizing pulse from RZ causes the sawtooth generator to recycle and is also differentiated by 84, 26 to produce a pulse which resets the bi-stable circuit. Diode 54 isolates the sawtooth generator from transistor 42 when it is rendered non- conductive. In Fig. 3 (not shown) the comparator consists of an emitter coupled pair having a constant current transistor emitter supply 98 which supply, when the bi-stable circuit is changed over, is diverted to a third transistor 134 having its emitter connected in common with the others to cut off the comparator. In Fig. 4 (not shown) the common emitter transistor 156 is rendered non-conducting by a voltage at its emitter when the bistable circuit changes over and the output from the comparator 152, 154 is fed to the bi-stable circuit via an amplifier 160, 164, the input to which is connected to diodes 157, 159 which limit the voltage excursion and thus increase the switching speed. A digital voltmeter or analogue to digital converter (Fig. 1, not shown) comprises a first circuit 14 consisting of the comparator TC and the bi-stable circuit CB, arranged as described above for comparing the signal VE with sawtooth wave RPP such that the bi-stable circuit, when changed over as a result of equality being reached, opens a gate P to allow oscillations to pass from 38 to a counter C. The sawtooth wave is also fed to a second similar comparator circuit 16 to produce an output when the sawtooth reaches a limiting reference level and this closes the gate P. Accordingly, the pulse applied to P has a width proportional to the input signal voltage and the counter output represents digitally this voltage. If a second signal voltage is supplied to the second comparator the output will depend upon the difference between the signals. It is also stated that a non-linear relation between the input and output signals will be obtained if the cyclic voltage is suitably shaped.
Patent GB-899821-A (GB)
Title: Improvements in and relating to document-filing devices
IPC: B42F15/00
Filed: 1959-01-21
Abstract: 899,821. Filing papers; indexing. JACKSON, F. C. Jan. 12, 1960 [Jan. 21, 1959], No. 2327/59. Classes 16 and 146(1) A suspension filing system includes at least one hollow tubular rail having a lower fixed member 1 and an upper member 3 hinged thereto, the members 1, 3 being spaced apart to form a narrow longitudinal slot along one side through which the end of a support 8 can extend, to rest and slide on the lower edge of the slot, and whereby accidental disengagement of the support 8 from the rail is prevented. The free edges of the members 1, 3 are covered by U-shaped strips 7 of rubber or synthetic resinous material to reduce the noise produced on sliding the supports along the rails. The suspension rails are interconnected by angle sectioned bars 2 and are provided near their ends with stop plates 10 to maintain a fixed size opening between the members 1, 3. The folders are connected concertina fashion, one end being attached to a bar 8 and the other being temporarily attached to the adjacent bar 8 by a spring clip 14, or by press buttons on the end 13 engaging press studs on the adjacent folder. Indexing. A strip of cardboard is secured to each side of one of the covers of ecah folder, to receive a U-shaped transparent clip 18 having inturned corners to engage behind the strips and hold a folded paper strip 20 in position. Alternatively the clip 18 is held in position by staples. Specification 899,822 is referred to.
Patent GB-679446-A (GB)
Title: Apparatus for dispensing liquids
IPC: F04F5/48
Filed: 1951-01-30
Abstract: 679,446. Filling and emptying tanks. NAAMLOOZE VENNOOTSCHAP DE BATAAFSCHE PETROLEUM MAATSCHAPPIJ. Jan. 30, 1951 [Jan. 30, 1950], No. 2353/51. Class 21. Apparatus for dispensing a liquid from a reservoir comprises a collapsable hose, means for closing and opening the delivery end of the hose at will, an eductor having a pressure inlet, a suction inlet, and a .discharge outlet, means for supplying the liquid under pressure to the pressure inlet of the eductor, and means for connecting the inlet end of the hose to the suction inlet of the eductor. In the system shown for fuelling and defuelling aircraft, liquid such as aviation spirit, is withdrawn from a reservoir 10 via a conduit 11 by means of a centrifugal pump 12. Liquid discharged by the pump is optionally passed through a micro filter 13, having an outlet conduit 14, which has two branches, viz., a delivery branch 15 and an eductor feed branch 16. The branch 15 is provided with a shut-off valve 17 and a conduit 18 leading through a meter 19 to a delivery hose 21 wound on a reel 20. The outer end of the hose carries a nozzle 22 for attachment to the spout of the tank to be filled, and has a valve 23 which may be closed to prevent air from being drawn into the hose during evacuation. The branch 16 is connected to the pressure inlet of an eductor 24. The suction inlet of the eductor is connected by a suction conduit 25 through a check valve 26 to the conduit 18. Liquid is discharged from the eductor outlet through a shut-off valve 28 and conduit 27 to the reservoir 10 and pump 12. The valves 17, 28, are inter-locked, so that one is open when the other is closed. The system may also be provided with a defuelling hose 30 having a nozzle 31 with a valve 32. The rear end of the hose 30 is connected to an air separator and defuelling meter 34, which are connected through a conduit 35 and shut-off valve 36 to the conduit 18. All the parts may be mounted on a motor vehicle. For fuelling, the valve 17 is open, and the valve 28 shut, and fuel flows from reservoir 10 through pump 12, filter 13, valve 17, meter 19, and hose 21. For evacuating fuel from the hose 21, the valve 17 is closed, valve 28 open, and valve 23 closed. Fuel flows as a pressure stream through the eductor 24 and develops a reduced pressure in the suction conduit 25 and fuel is withdrawn from the hose 21, which collapses under atmospheric pressure and can be disconnected from the tank being filled and wound on the reel 20. For defuelling the nozzle 31 is connected to the aircraft tank and the valve 36 is opened. Suction from the conduit 25 is effective via defuelling conduit 35, defuelling meter 34, and hose 30, to withdraw fuel from the aircraft tank for return to the reservoir 10. A number of fuelling pits may each be provided with similar apparatus, one pump being common to all the pits.
Patent GB-1351932-A (GB)
Title: Chromone-3-carboxylic acids
IPC: C07D311/22
Filed: 1973-01-17
Abstract: 1351932 Chromone-3-carboxylic acids WARNER-LAMBERT CO 17 Jan 1973 [17 Jan 1972] 2421/73 Heading C2C Compounds of the general formula wherein R 1  is a hydrogen or halogen atom or a nitro or hydroxyl group or a C 1  to C 6  alkoxy, amino, acetamido, C 1  to C 6  alkyl, aryl or aryl C 1  to C 6  alkyl radical and R 2  is a hydrogen atom or a C 1  to C 6  alkyl group are claimed per se. These compounds may be prepared by oxidizing a compound of general formula with sodium dichromate to give the corresponding carboxylic acid (R 2  = H) whereafter, if desired the free acid is reacted with thionyl chloride to give the corresponding acid chloride which is, in turn, reacted with an appropriate alcohol.
Patent GB-1184973-A (GB)
Title: Production of Unsaturated Aliphatic Aldehydes
IPC: C07C45/66
Filed: 1968-01-17
Abstract: 1,184,973. Unsaturated aldehydes; dehydration of aldols. CELANESE CORP. 17 Jan., 1968 [17 Jan., 1967], No. 2446/68. Heading C2C. Unsaturated aliphatic aldehydes are prepared by catalytic dehydration of aldols, using a catalyst comprising one or more acid esters of a phosphoric acid. Preferred esters are those of C 3  to C 8  aryl, alkyl or aralkyl hydroxy compounds and orthophosphoric acid (e.g. mono- and di-butyl orthophosphates). The catalyst may include ortho-phosphoric acid, especially when the aldol contains alkaline contaminants. Water is preferably present in the reaction mixture. Crude aldols are freed from alkaline and aqueous impurities by cooling to a temperature whereat a lower layer of aqueous alkali separates, which layer is then removed.
Patent GB-441787-A (GB)
Title: Improvements in electrodes
IPC: H01J61/067
Filed: 1934-08-25
Abstract: 441,787. Thermionic cathodes; discharge lamps. ABADIE, J. B. J. M., 26, Rue Martin Bernard, Paris. Aug. 25, 1934, Nos. 24561 and 24562. Convention dates, Aug. 26, 1933 and Oct. 17, 1933. [Class 39 (i)] A cathode, which may be directly or indirectly heated, or operated by the discharge alone, is made by heating a metal or other support in an oxidizing flame, dipping it in a coating- material, preferably in the form of a dry powder and heating in a reducing flame; the operation may be repeated several times. The coating material may be a mixture of an oxide of a non-volatile alkali or alkaline earth metal with a radio active material such as mesothorium or salts of uranium or radium, for instance, 60 per cent of baryta and 40 per cent of mesothorite or uranium oxide. The support may be of molybdenum and may be in the form of a wire spiral or a cylinder which may be coated inside or out. Several arrangements of unheated, directly heated and indirectly heated cathodes are described, including one in which the heating current is cut off by a bimetallic strip when the cathode has become active. Fig. 10 shows a cathode comprising a wire 1 embedded in a mass 11 of emissive material enclosed in a sleeve 6 of refractory material such as aluminium silicate, kaolin or silica. Several forms of lamp are described in which a cathode according to the invention serves as a main or starting electrode. In particular, Fig. 8 shows a lamp in which such a cathode 1 starts a discharge between tungsten balls 9, 10. The filling may be helium, mercury vapour, krypton or xenon. The lamp may have a number of auxiliary starting anodes connected to the main anode through impedances. The cathode may be placed at the junction of a number of branches of a tube, at the ends of which are main anodes ; such tubes may form letters. Fig. 17 shows an L formed in this way, one terminal S<1> being connected directly to the cathode 1<1> and the other S<2> to the main electrodes 1<2>, 1<3> through impedances 16<2>, 16<3> and to the auxiliary electrodes 1<1>1, 151, 152 through impedances 14, s<1>, s<2>. Suitable fillings for such lamps are neon, with mercury or sodium, xenon or krypton, helium or calcium. Rectifying tubes with unheated cathodes and starting anodes connected to the main anodes by a resistance are also described ; such tubes may be filled with neon at 20-30 m.m. pressure.
Patent GB-739250-A (GB)
Title: Improvements in the production of compounds containing sulphur and of condensation products thereof
IPC: C07C319/16
Filed: 1954-01-27
Abstract: Sulphur compounds are obtained by reaction of halogen compounds of the anthraquinone series or of halogen compounds of anthraquinone derivatives containing condensed nuclei with alkali sulphides, if desired in presence of sulphur, which consists in carrying out the reaction in a melt of at least one water-soluble salt of a carboxylic acid.  The products may be further condensed, without separation, with alkaline agents.  In examples, the following are heated with sodium sulphide in a melt of sodium and potassium acetates: (1) 1-chloranthraquinone; (2) 1-chlor-2-methyl-anthraquinone; (3) 1-chlor-4-benzoylamino-anthraquinone; (4) 1 - amino - 2 - bromoanthraquinone, giving the corresponding dianthraquinonyl sulphide.  Also, (5) Bz.1-chlor- or brom-benzanthrone is condensed in a similar melt with sulphur and sodium sulphide, and the Bz.1.Bz.11-dibenzanthronyl sulphide is isolated or condensed without isolation and with the addition of potash to isodibenzanthrone. Salts specified are the alkali or alkaline earth or nitrogen base (e.g. triethanolamine) salts of the following acids:-formic, acetic, propionic, adipic, higher fatty, benzoic, or phthalic acids.ALSO:Sulphur compounds are obtained by reaction of halogen compounds of the anthraquinone series or of halogen compounds of anthraquinone derivatives containing condensed nuclei with alkali sulphides, if desired in presence of sulphur, which consists in carrying out the reaction in a melt of at least one water-soluble salt of a carboxylic acid.  The products may be further condensed, without separation, with alkaline agents.  In examples, the following are heated with sodium sulphide in a melt of sodium and potassium acetates: (1) 1-chloranthraquinone, (2) 1 - chlor - 2 - methyl - anthraquinone, (3) 1 - chlor - 4 - benzoylaminoanthraquinone, (4) 1 - amino - 2 - bromoanthraquinone, giving the corresponding dianthraquinoyl sulphide.  Also (5) Bz. 1-chlor- or brombenzanthrone is condensed in a similar melt with sulphur and sodium sulphide, and the Bz.1. Bz. 11-dibenzanthronyl sulphide is isolated or condensed without isolation and with the addition of potash to isodibenzanthrone.  Salts specified are the alkali or alkaline earth or nitrogen base (e.g. triethanolamine) salts of the following acids: formic, acetic, propionic, adipic, higher fatty, benzoic, or phthalic acids.