baber/WOPTO huggingface dataset:
Patent GB-667391-A (GB)
Title: Improvements in and relating to the hydration of olefins to alcohols
IPC: C07C29/04
Filed: 1949-04-13
Abstract: In producing alcohols by direct catalytic hydration of propylene or higher olefin at elevated pressure, alcohol is separated from olefin to be recycled by releasing the pressure of the products to a comparatively low value and feeding to a distilling column, preferably packed, having a considerable temperature gradient, the temperature at the head being just above the vaporization temperature of the olefine at the pressure employed.  A comparatively low value of the pressure means at most a low multiple of the vapour pressure, at room temperature, of the olefin to be recycled.  For propylene, vapour pressure is about 10, and column pressure about 20 atmos., but pressures down to the vapour pressure may be used.  External reflux of propylene at ratios above 0.6 gives some further reduction in the isopropanol content of the propylene taken off.  The top temperature of the column is, for example, 5 DEG  C. above the vaporization temperature of the olefin, and for propylene is preferably 50-60 DEG C.  The bottom temperature may be higher by, for example, 20-90 DEG C. Examples relate to propylene hydration to isopropanol, using excess of water and flowing the mixture, partly liquid, down through tungstic oxide (W2O5) at 270 DEG  C., and 250 atmos.  The product is let down to 18, or with propylene reflux to 23 atmos., and fed to the bottom of a packed column at 150 DEG  C., the top being at 60 DEG  C. Aqueous isopropanol is taken off as bottoms.ALSO:In producing alcohols by direct catalytic hydration of propylene or higher olefin at elevated pressure, alcohol is separated from olefin to be recycled by releasing the pressure of the products to a comparatively low value and feeding to a distilling column, preferably packed, having a considerable temperature gradient, the temperature at the head being just above the vaporization temperature of the olefin at the pressure employed.  A comparatively low value of the pressure means at most a low multiple of the vapour pressure, at room temperature, of the olefin to be recycled.  For propylene, vapour pressure is about 10, and column pressure about 20 atmos., but pressures down to the vapour pressure may be used.  External reflux of propylene at ratios above 0.6 gives some further reduction in the isopropanol content of the propylene taken off.  The top temperature of the column is, for example, 5 DEG C. above the vaporization temperature of the olefin and for propylene is preferable 50-60 DEG C.  The bottom temperature may be higher by, for example, 20-90 DEG C.  Examples relate to propylene hydration to isopropanol using excess of water and flowing the mixture, partly liquid, down through tungstic oxide (W205) at 270 DEG C. and 250 atmos.  The product is let down to 18, or with propylene reflux to 23 atmos., and fed to the bottom of a packed column at 150 DEG C., the top being at 60 DEG C.  Aqueous isopropanol is taken off as bottoms.
Patent GB-351994-A (GB)
Title: Process for the treatment of gases containing hydrocarbons
IPC: C07C2/00
Filed: 1930-03-29
Abstract: Gaseous hydrocarbons, e.g. paraffins such as methane and ethane, or olefines such as ethylene, or mixtures thereof, are passed together with a minor proportion, e.g. 20 per cent, of sulphur or hydrogen sulphide through a heated reaction zone or chamber at high temperature and high space velocity.  Gases already containing hydrogen sulphide or reactive sulphur compounds such as the complex sulphur compounds present in certain types of natural gas may also be treated in this way.  Except so far as is necessary to obtain efficient heat transfer, the use of excess surface and, in particular, of packed reaction chambers is avoided.  The process may be carried out according to the methods of benzene production described in Specifications 332,998, [Class 2 (iii), Dyes &c.], and 342,359, [Group IV], or the multistage pyrolysis process described in Specification 342,319, [Group IV], may be used.  A suitable apparatus for the present process is that described in Specification 349,958, but internal heating, e.g. by an electrically heated resister, may be used.  In the example, a gas containing methane, ethane, propane, and butane, and 12,5 per cent of hydrogen sulphide is treated in a reaction chamber at 1200 DEG  C., and at a space velocity of 250 reciprocal minutes.  From each 1000 cubic feet of gas 0,6 gallons of carbon bisulphide and 0,3 gallons of benzene are obtained.ALSO:Gaseous hydrocarbons, e.g. paraffins such as methane and ethane, or olefines such as ethylene, or mixtures thereof, are passed together with a minor proportion, e.g. 20 per cent, of sulphur or hydrogen sulphide through a heated reaction zone or chamber at high temperature and high-space velocity.  Gases already containing hydrogen sulphide or reactive sulphur compounds such as the complex sulphur compounds present in certain types of natural gas may also be treated in this way.  Except so far as is necessary to obtain efficient heat transfer, the use of excess surface and, in particular, of packed reaction chambers is avoided.  The process may be carried out according to the methods of benzene production described in Specifications 332,998, [Class 2 (iii), Dyes &c.], and 342,359, or the multistage pyrolysis process described in Specification 342,319 may be used.  A suitable apparatus for the present process is that described in Specification 349,958, but internal heating, e.g. by an electrically heated resister, may be used.  In the example, a gas containing methane, ethane, propane, and butane, and 12,5 per cent of hydrogen sulphide is treated in a reaction chamber at 1200 DEG  C., and at a space velocity of 250 reciprocal minutes.  From each 1000 cubic feet of gas 0,6 gallons of carbon bisulphide and 0,3 gallons of benzene are obtained.
Patent GB-1425392-A (GB)
Title: Metal coating compositions
IPC: C08J5/24
Filed: 1973-03-02
Abstract: 1425392 Coating metals BADISCHE ANILIN- & SODA-FABRIK AG 2 March 1973 [4 March 1972] 10217/73 Heading B2E [Also in Divisions C3 and Dl] Tinplate, Al, and Fe sheets which may be phosphated are spray-coated, followed by drying and baking, with a metal-coating composition which comprises, by weight, based on (A) + (B) + (C): (A) 40-70% water optionally mixed with #5%, based on water, of a watermiscible volatile organic solvent; (B) 30-60% heat-curable polymeric binder(s), insoluble or only slightly swellable in water, or a mixture thereof with additives or auxiliaries, (B) being dispersed in (A) in the form of particles of from 0.1-150 Ám diameter; (C) 0.01-5% of thiokener(s), dissolved in (A), being a polymer of viscosity 0.5-50 cP in 0.015% aq. solution at 20C; and, based on (B) + (C), (D) 0.01-5% of organic binder(s) and/or swelling agent(s) dissolved in (A) and compatible with (B). (B) may have melt viscosity 500-10000 poise at 125C, and melting range 60-150C. (B) may comprise groups being -OH, -COOH, epoxide, amide, amino, -NCO, activated methylene, anhydride, methylol, methylol ether, or olefinically unsaturated groups, or groups of an olefin, alkenylaromatic, (meth)acrylate, vinyl ester, unsaturated dicarboxylic acid ester, or unsaturated monomer containing a nitrile group: or it may comprise epoxy resin, (epoxy resin + polyester), (polyester + blocked polyisocyanate), (epoxy + acrylate or methacrylate copolymer, e.g. a styrene/ethylhexylacrylate/ methyl methacrylate/N-butoxy methylmethacrylamide oopolymer). (B) may also contain hardeners. (C) may be a salt or polyacrylic acid or a cellulose derivative. (D) may contain functional groups which react with (B) during thermal curing.
Patent GB-707131-A (GB)
Title: Improvements in or relating to valve operation in internal combustion engines
IPC: F01L9/10
Filed: 1949-04-14
Abstract: 707,131. Valve-gear. OWENS, J. I., BRA MMER, W., and DANIEL, D. J. R. April 13, 1950 [April 14, 1949], No. 10241/49. Class 7 (6) Inlet and exhaust valves 6, 8 are opened and closed by the application of hydraulic or pneumatic fluid from a pump 23 to pistons 12 attached to the valve stems 9 under the control of a distributer 16 which directs the fluid first to one side of the piston to open the valves and then to the other side to close them, the fluid on the side opposite to that to which the fluid pressure is so directed being released by the distributer to the admission side of the pump 23. As shown, excess hydraulic fluid is supplied under pressure to the distributer 16 by a rotary pump 23 from a reservoir 25 integral with the pump, the excess being returned to reservoir 25 through a by-pass valve arranged in the pump or distributer body and controlled in accordance with engine speed or by the throttle valve control so that the pressure increases with increasing engine speed or throttle valve opening. The distributer is preferably similar to that of Specification 701,963. The lengths of the valve stems 9 are adjustable by screw means 22, and the valve-operating cylinders 13 are formed in a single block 19 which is attached to the cylinder head 10. The shaft 23a driving the pump 23 and distributer 16 also drives a lubricating oil pump 3.
Patent GB-462423-A (GB)
Title: Improvements in and relating to variable electric condensers
IPC: H01G4/258
Filed: 1936-04-07
Abstract: 462,423. Variable condensers. BRITISH THOMSON-HOUSTON CO., Ltd. April 7, 1936, No. 10268. Convention date, April 12, 1935. [Class 37] Bimetallic plate means are mounted on the rotor shaft of a variable condenser and cooperate with the fixed plates to compensate both for variations of capacity of the condenser with temperature and also for temperature variations in reactance in the circuit with which the condenser is associated. Two separate bimetallic plates 14, 17 may be used one at each end of the rotor 11, or a single plate such as is shown at 22 in Fig. 6, may be used to effect both compensations. Radial slits may be provided in the bimetallic plates to facilitate initial adjustment. Specification 432,987, [Group XXXV], is referred to.
Patent GB-824111-A (GB)
Title: Improvements in and relating to evaporators
IPC: B01D3/06
Filed: 1956-04-04
Abstract: <PICT:0824111/III/1> <PICT:0824111/III/2> <PICT:0824111/III/3> A multi-stage flash-type evaporator comprises a shell which is divided by a partition-walls 16 into a number of flash-chambers 10 arranged side by side in a straight line, the upper part of each chamber having an outlet 18 for the discharge of vapour; the lower portions of the walls 16 have orifices 14 for the passage of heated liquid through the chambers, and each chamber is provided with a weir 20 the top of which lies above the orifices through which the liquid enters and leaves the chamber, the horizontal distance of the upper edge of the weir from the inlet end of the chamber being equal to or less than its horizontal distance from the outlet end.  The heated liquid enters the first chamber through pipe 12, and passes from chamber to chamber through orifices 14.  For any given operating condition, from starting-up to full load, the liquid-level upstream of each orifice 14 adjusts itself so that the difference in static head across the opening plus the vapour-pressure difference on either side of the wall 16 are sufficient to transfer the liquid through the orifice and over the top of the weir lying downstream of the orifice.  The liquid levels in the chambers on full load operation are shown at 24 and 26 in Fig. 1.  Under low-load or no-load conditions, when the pressure difference from stage to stage is small or absent, the liquid levels in the chambers are higher, the levels on no-load being shown at 22. In the alternative embodiment shown in Fig. 3, each weir is arranged close to the upstream wall of the chamber and is bent over at the upper part to form, at the top of the weir, a secondary orifice 32 through which the liquid is projected upwards into the chamber. Baffle plates 34 are arranged above the orifices 32 in such a position that the liquid is projected on to them.
Patent GB-687560-A (GB)
Title: Improvements in or relating to a paper jogger
IPC: B65H31/40
Filed: 1946-04-17
Abstract: 687,560. Vibrating table for jogging paper sheets. STEVENS, A. H. (Syntron Co.). April 17, 1946, No. 10315/52. Divided out of 687,471. Class 100 (i). [Also in Group XXXV] Paper-jogging apparatus comprises a table 12 supported by springs 48, 49 and vibrated by an electromagnetic motor with a movement having a vertical and a horizontal component, the table being provided with a fence 53 and partitions 57 perpendicular to the fence sc that one or more stacks of paper placed on the table with the sheets vertical are caused to flow into edge alignment against the fence 53 and the table surface. The base 45 of the motor is supported by rubber shock-absorbing members 11 on a shelf 44 of a cabinet 38 having rubber feet 40 at one end and wheels 41 at the other end so that the apparatus can be moved readily. The leaf springs 48, 49 are in parallel sloping planes, but the springs 48 extend horizontally and are attached at both ends to a support 46 while the springs 49 extend vertically and are attached at 47 and 52 to the base 45 and table 12 respectively. The coil 9 of the motor is attached to the support 46 and its armature 50 is secured to the centre of the springs 48 and also to a bracket 51 on the table 12. The motor switch 6 is arranged for actuation by the knee of the operator, and a rheostat 7 and rectifier 8 may be housed in a resiliently-supported box 60. Bails 58 swivelling about vertical axes are provided on the partitions 57 to press the sides of the paper stacks against adjacent partitions. The partitions are adjustable along the fence. Specification 470,491, [Group XXXV], is referred to.
Patent GB-376339-A (GB)
Title: Improvements in or relating to chairs, couches and like articles of furniture
IPC: A47C31/02
Filed: 1931-04-09
Abstract: 376,339. Pneumatic upholstery. FIELD, E., Beckside, Ashby Road, Scunthorpe, Lincolnshire. April 9, 1931, No. 10438. [Class 52 (iv).] Pneumatic upholstery is secured to seats &c. by means of T-sectioned metal frame-bars having rims in which a beaded edge 34 of an air cushion, or of a cover therefor, is retained. As shown applied to a chair construction bars A .. E are joined together and mounted on supporting legs 31 ; four air cushions, for the seat, back, and sides being provided, which can be separately inflated or two or more supplied from a common valve. The seat and back are provided with lath or crossed wire surfaces which may be spot welded to the frame bars.
Patent GB-270277-A (GB)
Title: Apparatus for carbonising fuels particularly coal
IPC: C10L5/02
Filed: 1927-04-19
Abstract: 270,277. Tormin, R. April 30, 1926, [Convention date]. No Patent granted (Sealing fee not paid). Cooling discharged materials. - In a carbonizing apparatus in which powdered coal is charged into and compressed in moulds, the coke obtained is cooled in the moulds bv air which is subsequently used to support combustion in the furnace for heating the moulds. The Specification as open to inspection under Sect. 91 (3) (a) states also that the coked fuel is air or gas cooled without the air or gas coming into contact with the charge. This subjectmatter does not appear in the Specification as accepted.
Patent GB-687244-A (GB)
Title: Apparatus for the absorption of gases by liquids, more particularly for the production of hydrochloric acid
IPC: C01B7/01
Filed: 1951-05-04
Abstract: 687,244. Treating gases with liquids. ELEKTRO CHEMISCHE WERKE RHEIN FELDEN. May 4, 1951 [Dec. 23, 1948], No. 10562/51. Class 55 (ii). In an apparatus for the absorption of gases by liquids and particularly for the production of hydrochloric acid by dissolving hydrochloric acid gas in water, the absorbing liquid flows down in a thin layer on the surface of a hollow column of alternating larger and smaller cross section which is supplied internally with a cooling fluid and which is mounted in a vertical tube, the gas passing through the tube in contact with the liquid film on the column. As shown, the apparatus consists of a tube 1 lined with rubber 2 within which is arranged a column built up from hollow members 3 interconnected by nipples 4. Cooling liquid enters the column at KE and circulates inside each of the members 3. The absorbing liquid trickles down from an annular trough 5 over the outer surface of each member 3 whilst the gas passes up through the tube as indicated at GE. The members 3 and nipples 4 may be made of stoneware, porcelain, glass or synthetic plastic material or, where resistance to corrosion combined with a high heat conductivity is required, of monel metal or graphite.
Patent GB-400523-A (GB)
Title: Improvements in articulated differential gears, particularly for motor vehicles
IPC: B60K17/32
Filed: 1933-04-08
Abstract: 400,523. Differential gearing. PORSCHE GES., DR. Ing. h.c.F., 24, Kronenstrasse, Stuttgart, Germany. April 8, 1933, No. 10590. Convention date, April 8, 1932. [Class 80 (ii).] Relates to differential gearing comprising a cage 1, Fig. 2, with balls &c. 7 coacting with cam surfaces 4, 5 on outer and inner members 2, 3 which are driven so as to allow differential motion, but not free spinning of a member which encounters no resistance. The members 2, 3 are fast on vehicle part axles 12, 13, Fig. 1, and, in order to allow the latter to swing, the members 2, 3 and the cage 1 are formed with part spherical surfaces as shown. The ball cage 1 is rigid with a rotary support 17 to which a transmitting bevel wheel 21 is bolted. The rotary support 17 runs on coned roller bearings 18, 19 supported in turn on carrier rings 24, 25 rigid with a housing 22. The part axles 12, 13 abut with spherical ends at a point 14 the centre about which the axles swing. One axle 13 is supported centrally in a segmental member 29 able to slide spherically between housing members 27, 23. The other axle 12 is supported centrally by a boss 8 projecting from the differential member 2 within and bearing upon the differential member 3. The balls 7 can be replaced by elements adapted to roll and to slide.
Patent GB-1533143-A (GB)
Title: Wall coverings
IPC: D06N7/00
Filed: 1976-03-17
Abstract: 1533143 Laminates LAMCOAT PAPERS Ltd 3 March 1977 [17 March 1976] 10642/76 Heading B5N A wall-covering comprises a woven fabric secured to a layer of material provided with a pattern, the fabric being of an open weave such that parts of the pattern of the layer of material are visible through the spaces between the threads of the fabric. The woven fabric may be a scrim and may have warp and weft threads of different materials, colours or textures. The patterned material may be another fabric but is preferably a wallpaper.
Patent GB-220353-A (GB)
Title: Improved trimming and bevelling machine for cards, photographs and the like
IPC: B26D3/08
Filed: 1923-05-14
Abstract: 220,353. Gardiner, F. F. May 14, 1923. No Patent granted (Sealing fee not paid). Rotary blade type.-An apparatus for cutting cards, trimming photographs, &c. is provided with an inclined blade e fixed to brackets d on a platform b, which is hinged at c to a base a and is fitted with arms k pressed downwards by springs l. A table j is hinged to a board g which carries a second blade h and is hinged to the base a at f. The card &c. to be trimmed is placed upon the table j so that the edge overhangs the knife h. The table j is then pressed downwards, against the action of springs n, and the blades e, h co-operate to cut the card &c. For bevelling, the table j is raised to the position shown in Fig. 1 and supported by the strut s.
Patent GB-106738-A (GB)
IPC: A41F3/02
Abstract: 106,738. Faire Bros. & Co., and Lillie, E. A. Sept. P, 1916. Braces ; fastening wearing - apparel. -A brace tab 1 is provided at its top end with a metal terminal 2 comprising a hook or spring loop 3 which engages over a ring or bar 4 on the end of the shoulder strap 5 and is secured to the tab by means of one or more lugs or clamp members 6, which may be provided with teeth or points, and which are bent over as shown in Fig. 4. The tab may be shaped so as to have two lower button-ends 'and one upper end which is secured to the metal terminal as described above.
Patent GB-1005213-A (GB)
Title: Improvements in or relating to electrical amplifier circuits
IPC: H03K3/2893
Filed: 1962-03-20
Abstract: 1,005,213. Transistor circuits. HONEYWELL Inc. March 20, 1962 [March 27, 1961], No. 10677/62. Heading H3T. A circuit for sampling changes in the polarity of an input signal comprises an amplifier, the input and output of which are normally shortcircuited by gating devices and a bi-stable circuit connected to the amplifier output. Both gating devices are periodically cut off by sampling pulses so that the state of the bi-stable circuit is controlled by the instantaneous polarity of the amplified input signal. As shown in Fig. 1, signals at terminal 2 are passed via a gate 1 and a capacitor 5 to a partially directcoupled amplifier comprising a common-base transistor 4, common-emitter transistors 8, 11, 13, 19 and an emitter follower 20. Interstage coupling between transistors 8, 11 and 13, 19 is provided by Zener diodes 9, 18 and capacitor 10. Amplitude limiting diodes 14, 30 are included. Output from emitter follower 20 is normally short-circuited by transistor 26. Gates 1, 26 are periodically opened by sampling pulses from source 3 so that the amplified instantaneous value of the signal is fed to the bi-stable circuit 31 which either remains in its existing state or changes its state, depending on the instantaneous polarity of the sampled signal. Bi-stable circuit 31 may be reset by a pulse supplied via capacitor 34. Fig. 2 shows the input gate 1 comprising two transistors 45, 46 in series, normally biased into conduction by the output of a high-frequency oscillator 40, rectified at 42, the bias being periodically overcome by sampling pulses supplied via transformer 49. Signals at terminals 2 are thus short-circuited by transistors 45, 46 except during the occurrence of each sampling pulse. Transients due to transformers 40, 41 are eliminated by balancing capacitors 50.
Patent GB-200587-A (GB)
Title: Improvements in endless tracks for vehicles
IPC: B62D55/088
Filed: 1922-04-13
Abstract: 200,587. Rackham, G. J. April 13, 1922. Dust &c., excluding; oil, retaining.-The links a of an endless-track are formed with inter-engaging bosses b and lugs c, jointed by means of hollow pins h. To exclude mud, bushes e are pressed against washers f by a spring g of helical or sinuous form, enclosed by a tubular sleeve l which may be integral with the bosses b. Lubricant is inserted in the pin h, the open end being closed by a screw-plug k or by a valve, and is fed to the bushes e through aperture j.
Patent GB-754749-A (GB)
Title: Building panel
IPC: E04C2/36
Filed: 1954-04-12
Abstract: 754,749. Floor panels. NAAMLOOZE VENNOOTSCHAP ONTWIKKELINGMAATSCHAPPIJ MULTINORM. April 12, 1954 [April 20, 1953], No. 10726/54. Classes 20(4) and 87(1). A floor panel comprises two sheets 1, 2 of hard fibreboard, wood, plywood or asbestos cement secured together in spaced parallel relationship by wooden laths 4, 5 forming a peripheral frame, intermediate wooden laths 6 and thin metal strips 7 between which are filler members 8. The laths 4 are formed with grooves 3 to receive flat or cruciform metal connecting strips 9 or 10. In a modification, the strips 7 are arranged in grooves in the lower faces of the , filler members 8. Gluing of the parts together may be carried out in a high frequency electric field.