baber/WOPTO huggingface dataset:
Patent GB-798619-A (GB)
Title: Oxidation of aralkyl compounds to aromatic carboxylic acids
IPC: C07C51/265
Filed: 1957-03-11
Abstract: Aromatic mono and dicarboxylic acids are prepared by the oxidation of one or more alkyl radicals of an aralkyl compound (as defined below) in acetic acid, in the presence of a cobaltous catalyst, ozone being used as an initiator of the reaction and oxygen being passed through the reaction mixture, which is maintained at a temperature of from about room temperature to 130 DEG  C.  The term "aralkyl compound" is used to denote organic compounds containing an aromatic nucleus, e.g. benzene, naphthalene, which is substituted with one or more alkyl radicals, e.g. methyl, ethyl, propyl, butyl or octyl, and which may also be substituted with radicals containing oxygen.  Specified starting materials are toluene, o-xylene, m-xylene, p-xylene, methyl benzene, mesitylene, ethyl benzene, a -methyl naphthalene, p-toluic acid, p-methoxy toluene and 5-t-butyl-m-xylene.  Suitable catalysts are cobaltous acetate tetrahydrate, cobaltous propionate, cobaltous formate, cobaltous butyrate, cobaltous toluate, cobaltous terephthalate, and cobaltous naphthenate. Suitable concentrations of the catalyst are from 0.001 to 0.3 parts by weight of the cobaltous catalyst per part of acetic acid, and the starting mixture preferably contains 0.01 to 0.5 parts by weight of the aralkyl compound per part of acetic acid.  The amount of ozone necessary to initiate the oxidation reaction is very minute and may be less than 0.04 parts by weight of ozone per part of the cobaltous catalyst.  The rates of oxygen and ozone addition may vary within any desired limits, e.g. 0.04-0.1 parts per hour of ozone per part catalyst, and 0.01 to 1 part by weight of oxygen per hour, per part of aralkyl compound. Inert gases may be present as diluents for the oxygen, e.g. helium, neon, xenon, krypton and argon, or air alone may be used.  The reaction may be carried out at subatmospheric, atmospheric or super atmospheric pressures, preferably at the reflux temperature of the reaction mixture, i.e. 110-115 DEG  C.  The water formed during the reaction is preferably removed, e.g. by distillation when it reaches an excess of about 0.1 part by weight per part of acetic acid.  The process of the invention is carried out by adding the aralkyl compound, acetic acid and cobaltous catalyst to a suitable reaction vessel and heating to the reaction temperature when ozone and oxygen are passed into the reaction mixture.  The reaction is self sustaining after the solution turns green and no more ozone need then be added.  Examples are given of the preparation of terephthalic acid, p-toluic acid, iso-phthalic acid, m-toluic acid, o-phthalic acid, o-toluic acid, benzoic acid, p-methoxy benzoic acid, 5-methylisophthalic acid, 3,5-dimethyl benzoic acid, t-butyl toluic acids, and 5-t-butyl isophthalic acid.
Patent GB-565712-A (GB)
Title: Hydraulic tube coupling
IPC: F16L19/04
Filed: 1943-05-19
Abstract: 565,712. Pipe joints. COTNER, J. C., and WILKINSON, C. H., (trading as COTNERWILKINSON CO.). May 19, 1943, No. 7952. [Class 99 (i)] A coupling member 1 has a conical seat 5 for the flared end of a pipe 9, a sleeve 15 has a flared inner end 18 engaging the flare of the pipe and a slightly tapered outer end 19, and a coupling nut 13 has conical or tapered surfaces 14, 21 corresponding to and engaging with the parts 18, 19 of the sleeve. The sleeve may be slotted at its outer end.
Patent GB-1250004-A (GB)
Title: Spray devices
Inventor: JEFFERSON-LOVEDAY JOHN ALEXAND
IPC: F01D25/30
Filed: 1968-02-19
Abstract: 1,250,004. Spray producers. ENGLISH ELECTRIC CO. Ltd. 14 Feb., 1969 [19 Feb., 1968], No. 7989/68. Heading B2F. A spray device comprises a circulation chamber 1 having an aperture 4 at each end, first feeding means 6 connecting with the chamber for directing a first fluid into the chamber so as to form a vortex therein aligned on an axis passing through the apertures, second feeding means for directing a second fluid into the chamber through one aperture so as to flow towards the other aperture, the second fluid passing through the eye of the vortex of the first fluid and carrying particles thereof away from the inner surface of the vortex through the other aperture in the form of a spray, and exhausting means for enabling first fluid not carried into said spray to escape from the chamber. The first feed means may comprise tangential duct 6, and deflectors 8 may be provided to aid circulation or to impart a radial motion to said second fluid to increase contact with the vortex. A plurality of devices may be placed in series, the exhaust from one providing first fluid for the next.
Patent GB-526326-A (GB)
Title: Improvements in phosphatizing baths, and chiefly in baths containing phosphates of iron, phosphate of zinc or phosphate of manganese
IPC: C23C22/08
Filed: 1939-03-13
Abstract: 526,326. Coating metals. KAHN, R. JACQUES-. March 13, 1939, No. 8055. [Class 82 (ii)] In treating metal surfaces with phosphate baths, particularly phosphates of iron, zinc, or manganese, there is added to the bath from time to time, and preferably before each operation, a mixture of a substance to neutralize acidity, particularly manganese carbonate, and an accelerator which may be a compound of hydrosulphurous acid with an aldehyde such as acetaldehyde or formaldehyde, or the product known under the Registered Trade Mark " Rongalite."
Patent GB-590676-A (GB)
Title: Improvements in crates for bottles and the like
IPC: B65D85/30
Filed: 1945-03-30
Abstract: 590,676. Bottle-crates. CO-OPERATIVE WHOLESALE SOCIETY, Ltd., and HINDLEY, H. March 30, 1945, No. 8092. [Class 18] [Also in Group XXIII] A bottle-crate is made of aluminium alloy, and the base 1 has recesses 2 formed in its upper face of sufficent diameter to receive and support the larger end of the bottle. At the centre of each recess is a downwardly-flanged opening 3, the flanges having inward taper to receive and support the narrow end of the bottle when it is inverted. The ends and sides are flanged and to form handles.
Patent GB-749337-A (GB)
Title: Radio frequency circuits
IPC: B07C3/00
Filed: 1954-03-19
Abstract: 749,337. Automatic frequency control systems. STANDARD TELEPHONES & CABLES, Ltd. March 19, 1954 [March 26, 1953], No. 8111/54. Class 38 (4). [Also in Groups XL (b) and XL (c)] A microwave or U.H.F. radio receiver incorporating automatic frequency control comprises transmission lines of the so-called " lineabove-ground" type. Such transmission lines are described in Specification 711,578, [Group X], and consist of a base or " ground " conductor 3, Fig. 2, extending beneath the whole circuit and " line " conductors 1, 2, Fig. 2; 32, 33, 45, 46, &c., Fig. 7, .spaced from the ground conductor by a sheet of dielectric 4 of thickness equal to a small fraction of #/4, where # is the working wavelength. Couplings having directional properties are formed between pairs of lines by the closely-spaced parallel sections 22, 23, 24 (see Group XL (b)). Power from a local oscillator 41 coupled into lines 32, 33 by the coupling sections 22, 23 is mixed with the signal from an antenna 26 in a circuit 34, 35, the resultant intermediate frequency being fed to an amplifier 40 (see Group XL (c)). A fraction of the power from the local oscillator 41 is fed through an attenuator 49 to the coupling 24 and is divided between the branches 50, 51, whence it is reflected by the cavity resonator 54 and short-circuit 52 into the branch 62. The amplitude and phase of the power reflected from the branch 50 depends upon the tuning of the resonator 54 which is periodically varied at the rate of a few kc/s. by a low-frequency oscillator 58. When the resonator has a mean frequency equal to the desired frequency of the local oscillator 41 it behaves like a short-circuit and the fractions reflected into branch 62 from the two branches 50, 51 will have the same phase. Thus a maximum rectified output is obtained from crystal 55a. Under these circumstances the output of a phase discriminator 57 connected to the L.F. oscillator 58 and the crystal 55a is zero. If, however, the frequency of the local oscillator 41 departs from the desired value a component of the frequency of the oscillator 58 appears in the output of the crystal 55a and the discriminator 57 produces a D.C. output which is arranged to be of the proper sign to correct the frequency of the local oscillator. A phase-shifter 59 enables the relative phases of the waves supplied to the resonator 54 and the discriminator 57 to be adjusted to compensate for phase shifts introduced by the resonator 54 and an amplifier 56 interposed between the crystal 55a and the discriminator 57.
Patent GB-1394408-A (GB)
Title: Internal combustion engine
IPC: F02B19/04
Filed: 1973-02-19
Abstract: 1394408 Fuel injection engines; combustion chambers BRUNSWICK CORP 19 Feb 1973 [28 Feb 1972] 8117/73 Heading F1B In an I.C. piston engine a combustion chamber 16, Fig.1 is connected to the cylinder top by a first air passage 23 and a smaller second air passage 28, the first passage being blocked as the piston approaches t.d.c. so that thereafter air is forced through the second passage into the combustion chamber, a smaller fuel passage 33 connects the cylinder top to the combustion chamber and fuel is inserted in the fuel passage during an upward stroke so that when the first passage is blocked fuel is discharged from the fuel passage into the combustion chamber. Fuel passes from a pump 32 via check valve 37 to hole 34, Fig.2 during exhaust or scavenging or early in the compression stroke. After projection 24 blocks passage 23 air flows via passages 28, 29 into chamber 16 with swirl whilst fuel is ejected into chamber in the direction of the air swirl. The fuel is partly atomized and the remainder is deposited on the chamber wall for evaporation. Ignition may be by compression, spark or glow plug. Hole 28 is angled to promote swirl in the cylinder space as the burning gas flows out of the chamber. In a modification a second air passage (69), Fig.4 (not shown) is arranged at the same level as the fuel passage (74) and a check valve (77) is arranged vertically in a water-cooled cylinder head. In another embodiment the combustion chamber 106, Fig.5 is arranged at the side of the cylinder so that the first air passage 113 is closed by the piston. In a further embodiment a second air passage 116, Fig.8 is arranged tangentially to a spherical combustion chamber 156. In a further modification the fuel passage 223, 229, Fig.11 feeds the second air passage 228 and a second fuel passage 230 may feed the combustion chamber 206. The second air passage may include a manual or automatically operated valve member (251), Fig.12 (not shown).
Patent GB-1368465-A (GB)
Title: Heat exchangers
IPC: F28F21/06
Filed: 1971-03-30
Abstract: 1368465 Plate heat exchangers APV CO Ltd 21 March 1972 [30 March 1971] 8157/71 Heading F4S In a plate heat exchanger comprising a plurality of flexible flat plates 1 suitably gasketed to define therebetween flow spaces PA, PB for two heat exchange media, e.g. a product and a service fluid, the plates 1 are cyclically flexed to vary the cross-section of the product flow spaces PA and thereby promote turbulence. The service fluid flow spaces PB are each packed with a support grid or mesh 2. In order to obtain a greater deflection over a major area of each plate, the plates, e.g. of metal or plastics material, may be provided with a weakened area (3) at the edtes (see Figs. 3 and 4, not shown). Flexing of the plates is achieved either by mechanical means or by varying the hydraulic pressure conditions of one or both of the product and service fluids, cyclic variation being effected by cyclic throttling on either the output or input side of the flow spaces PA, PB (see Figs. 5-7) using a throttling system consisting of parallel arms comprising respectively an adustable valve (4) and an adjustable valve (5) in series with an on-off valve (6). The cyclic pressure variations in the service fluid flow spaces may be utilized in a multipass type heat exchanger to pump the product through successive passes (see Figs. 9 and 10), a non-return valve (7, 8 or 9) being provided between each two passes.
Patent GB-1163383-A (GB)
Title: Crane with a Suction Lifting Head
Inventor: LEWECKE ERNST
IPC: B66C1/02
Filed: 1968-02-20
Abstract: 1,163,383. Suction holding appliances. ERNST LEWECKE K.G., APPARATEBAU LEMGO. 20 Feb., 1968, No. 8170/68. Heading B8H. A suction lifting head suspended from a crane jib comprises a beam 2 carrying suction plates 1 which are tiltable relative to the beam 2 between the horizontal and vertical by a cranked lever 3 connected to a pneumatic or hydraulic ram 4 controlled by a valve 5. The head is connected by an electric hoist to a crab which can be traversed along the jib and the means for powering the ram is attached to the crab or slidably mounted adjacent the latter. Grips 7<SP>1</SP> are provided at the respective ends of a rod for operating the valve 5 through a chain or belt drive 9. In operation the head is used with the plates vertical to support stock cut by a vertical log-cutting band saw, the crab being traversed along the jib at the same rate as the stock issuing from the saw. The jib is then slewed and the plates moved to the horizontal. Contact switches may be provided for controlling the gripping and releasing of a load and the vertical movement of the head. Pairs of plates may be provided in parallel side-byside disposition, Fig. 3 (not shown).
Patent GB-705057-A (GB)
Title: Improvements in or relating to fabrics made of adhesively bonded textile fibres
IPC: D04H1/66
Filed: 1950-03-31
Abstract: 705,057. Wall coverings. JOHNSON & JOHNSON (GT. BRITAIN), Ltd. March 31, 1950 [March 31, 1949; March 31, 1949], No. 8180/50. Drawings to Specification. Class 20 (4). [Also in Group VIII] A wall is prepared to receive wallpaper by securing thereto by tacks or paste a laminated, fibrous material consisting of a layer of wettable fibres such as bleached cotton or regenerated cellulose, bonded to a layer of less wettable fibres such as unbleached cotton or wax-treated fibres by printing on the assembled layers a pattern of. lines with an aqueous adhesive (see Group VIII). The laminated material is secured with the layer of wettable fibres next the wall, and the wallpaper is secured to the exposed layer of less wettable fibres by usual wallpaper pastes such as wheat flour starch to which may be added diatomaceous earth, or short cotton or rayon fibres. When the wallpaper has to be replaced, it can be stripped readily without wetting, removing some of the fibres of the outer layer of the laminated backing. This operation can be repeated several times. Specification 468,529, [Group VIII], is referred to.
Patent GB-1476620-A (GB)
Title: Diaminodiphenyl-dithioethers
IPC: C07C323/44
Filed: 1976-03-02
Abstract: 1476620 Diaminodiphenyl-dithioethers BAYER AG 2 March 1976 [4 March 1975] 08258/76 Heading C2C The invention comprises compounds having the general formula wherein R<SP>1</SP> and R<SP>11</SP>, which are the same or different, are each hydrogen, halogen, C 1-6  alkyl, NO 2 , CN, OR<SP>111</SP> or -COOR<SP>111</SP> (where R<SP>111</SP> is C 1-6  alkyl); and R is a straight- or branched-chain C 2-25  aliphatic group which contains 1 to 12 atoms of nitrogen and/or oxygen and/or sulphur in the form of urea, acid amide, ether, urethane or ester groups, or 1 to 4 carbonyl groups, or a C 8-10  aralkylene radical. They may be prepared by reacting an appropriate aminothiophenolate with an appropriate α,#- dihalogen compound, or by reacting an appropriate nitrothiophenolate with an appropriate dihalogen compound and hydrogenating the resulting compound. Starting materials of the formulae are prepared by reacting Cl-(CH 2 ) 6 -NCO (1) with N,N<SP>1</SP>-dimethyl ethylene diamine, (2) with ethylene diamine, or (3) with water, or (4) reacting chloroethanol with OCN-(CH 2 ) 6 -NCO. The compounds of Formula I may be used in the preparation of polyurethanes.
Patent GB-1141732-A (GB)
Title: Tubular extrusion coating process
Inventor: QUACKENBUSH JOHN JOSEPH
IPC: B29C48/32
Filed: 1967-02-21
Abstract: 1,141,732. Coating by extrusion; laminated tubular films. NATIONAL DISTILLERS & CHEMICAL CORP. 21 Feb., 1967 [21 Feb., 1966], No. 8272/67. Headings B5A and B5B. A process for making a coated tubular film comprises extruding a thermoplastic tube 12 from a die 11, collapsing the tube between rollers 13, printing on the outer surface of the tube in a press 16-21, reinflating the tube after passage through rolls 23 and then extruding a transparent thermoplastic coating from an extrusion head 24 on to the outer surface of the tube 12 to encapsulate the printing thereon. The tube is then cooled by an air ring 26 and rolls 29 and collapsed by plates 27, 28 prior to being stored or formed into bags. The initial tube 12 may be laminated, and the outer surface thereof may be treated at a station 14 prior to the printing stage.
Patent GB-934781-A (GB)
Title: Hydraulic jet-propulsion apparatus suitable for waterborne and submarine vessels
Inventor: ANDREWS THOMAS DESMOND HUDSON
IPC: B63H11/00
Filed: 1960-03-10
Abstract: 934,781. Axial-flow pumps. DOWTY ELECTRICS Ltd. March 9, 1961 [March 10, 1960], No. 8434/60. Class 110 (1). [Also in Group XXXIII] The pump in an inboard hydraulic jetpropulsion apparatus comprises two contrarotating impellers 21a and 21b which are driven through shafting and gearing by the internalcombustion engine 15. The gearing 30, 31 and 32 is within a shroud of hydrofoil crosssection. The apparatus may be an outboard unit.
Patent GB-1438231-A (GB)
Title: Slide fastener stringer
IPC: A44B19/34
Filed: 1974-02-25
Abstract: 1438231 Stringers for sliding clasp-fasteners YOSHIDA KOGYO KK 25 Feb 1974 [26 Feb 1973] 8481/74 Heading E2S A slide fastener stringer 10 comprises a tape T, a reinforcing cord 11 about which the tape is folded longitudinally on itself to form a double-ply structure having two tape plies T 1 , T 2  and embracing therein the reinforcing cord 11, fastener elements E secured to the tape T along the fold, an adhesive coating 15, Fig. 1, applied over the inner face of each of said tape plies T 1 , T 2 , and a releasing strip 16, 17 substantially coextensive with, and laid over the coated inner face of each, tape ply. The tape may be made from woven, knitted, or plastics materials, the releasing strips 16, 17 being made e.g. of plastics film. When applying the stringer to an article C the plies T 1 , T 2  are spread apart, Figs. 2, 3 the strips 16. 17 are removed, and an edge C' of the article C is sandwiched between the plies T 1 , T 2  and bonded thereto by pressing the plies together. In a modification, Fig. 4 not shown, a single releasing strip (19), folded at 20, protects the adhesive areas (18) of the two plies (T 1 , T 2 ). In a further modification. Fig. 5. the releasing strips 16, 17 have pull tabs 16a, 17a. As shown in Fig. 6 a single, unfolded, releasing strip 21 has both surfaces 21a, 21b disposed for adhesive contact with the coatings 18.
Patent GB-660704-A (GB)
Title: Improvements in and relating to hydraulic turbines
Inventor: SEEWER PAUL WERNER
IPC: F03B1/02
Filed: 1949-03-29
Abstract: 660,704. Making turbine buckets. ENGLISH ELECTRIC CO., Ltd. March 10, 1950 [March 29, 1949], No. 8492/49. Classes 83 (ii) and 83 (iv). [Also in Group XXVI] Uniting by fusion.-In a method of making a bucket for Pelton-type hydraulic turbines, each bowl is forged integral with a lug for the attachment of the bucket to the turbine disc and the two bowls a are connected directly with one another or to the splitter c by material deposited by welding in, or immediately adjacent to, the plane of the splitter c. Each bowl a of the bucket forms an integral forging with a lug b and a key rib h connects the two lugs b near the base of the bucket. The splitter c consists of a piece of plate steel welded to the bowls a on each side by weld seams d and e. The rear edge f of the splitter may be chamfered or square. The splitter c<SP>1</SP>, Fig. 6, may be built up from the material deposited by the welding and on the back of the bucket a single weld seam e<SP>1</SP> connects the two bowls a. The two bowls may abut against one another along a machined face or at an edge g<SP>1</SP>.
Patent GB-1377939-A (GB)
Title: Merchandise transport container
IPC: B65D90/00
Filed: 1973-02-21
Abstract: 1377939 Door fastenings HENNESSY PRODUCTS Inc 21 Feb 1973 8519/73 Heading E2A A container door is fastened by bars B pivoted at 8 to turn in the plane of the door and having tapered projections 19 which engage in slots T in keepers 15, the lower keepers having downwardly facing surfaces and the upper ones upwardly facing surfaces of these slots, for the purpose of preventing vertical movement of the fastening bars and hence of preventing racking of the container frame. The bars are of welded, composite construction and are linked for gauged action by rods 80. The projections 19 are part of shoes 17 welded to the ends of bars and guided into the fastening position by a base 16. A nylon boot 18a on the bar-end acts as a cushion in the keeper. The bars are forced to their fastening position by a toggle-lever arrangement 19a which may be padlocked. The ends of the bars may also be secured by twist-locking fasteners 30-34, operated by a key 35.
Patent GB-250235-A (GB)
Title: Improvements in and relating to photographic printing frames
IPC: G03B27/02
Filed: 1926-03-30
Abstract: 250,235. Ullmann, E. O., and Schneider, K. A. F., (trading as Ullmann & Co.). April 1, 1925, [Convention date]. Contact printing frames.-A frame of the ordinary kind, wherein the pressure back 8a, 8b is pressed against the support of the sensitive layer by curved blade springs 10 pivoted at one end to the frame, is characterized in that, in order to close the frame, the free end of each spring is engaged in the open end of a spring 16, which is shaped as shown in Fig. 7 so that the blade spring snaps through the narrowest portion 17, and which is secured, as by a screw 18, in a recess 15 in the frame member 1<a>. To facilitate release, the blade springs may project at their free ends beyond the edge of the member 1<a>. At their hinged ends, the springs may be rolled to form hinge sleeves 13, which are secured by staples 14 in recesses 11 cut in the frame member 1.
Patent GB-1103383-A (GB)
Title: Improvements in or relating to apparatus for performing arithmetic operations in digital computers
IPC: G06F15/02
Filed: 1965-03-01
Abstract: 1,103,383. Electronic computers. ING. C. OLIVETTI & CO. S.p.A. 1 March, 1965 [2 March, 1964], No. 8682/65. Heading G4A. Two multi-digit binary-coded decimal numbers stored in a cyclic serial memory are added together in two memory cycles. In the first cycle successive pairs of corresponding digits are added, the uncorrected sum digits being stored in the memory together with a mark indicative of a radix correction if such is required. In the second cycle the necessary radix corrections are effected under the control of the marks. The description is the same as that of a part of Specification 1,103,384.