Patent EA-000203-B1 (EA)
Title: Method of producing a breathing mixture and an apparatus for applying the method
Inventor: PAVLOV B N
IPC: A61M16/12
Filed: 1996-09-19
Abstract: 1. Method of producing a breathing mixture by mixing of compressed gases with regulated feed to a mask, characterized in that the gas mixture is fed in a circulating stream at a volume flow rate of 3-120 l/min, the mixture being cleaned of carbon dioxide, moisture and harmful trace contaminants wherein the temperature of said gas mixture being inhaled regulated within the range of -10 - +130 degree C, feeding to the mask binary or multi-component gas mixtures, regulating qualitative and quantitative composition thereof, the gas mixture contains oxygen and at least one of the following gases in quantities of up to 95 %: helium, and/or argon, and/or neon, and/or krypton, and/or xenon, and/or radon, and/or nitrogen, and/or nitrous oxide, and/or sulphur hexafluoride, or a mixture thereof. 2. Method as claimed in Claim 1, wherein pharmaceutical preparations can also be introduced into the breathing mixture. 3. Method as claimed in Claims 1 or 2, wherein the level of inhaled carbon dioxide can be adjusted in the range of 0.0001-5% using the exhaled carbon dioxide. 4. Method as claimed in one of the preceding Claims, wherein the resistance to inhale is reduced by raising the pressure. 5. Method as claimed in one of the preceding Claims, wherein the conditions of CO2 absorption are improved by increasing the velocity of said gas mixture flow through the absorbing layer and inhaled amount of CO2 is regulated by separating the inhaled gas mixture flow into two parts, one of which is fed through the absorber and the other around it. 6. An apparatus for producing a breathing mixture comprising a device for obtaining said gas mixture, having a source (1) of compressed gas, connected by pipes (6) via the mixture content regulators and gas mixture flow meter, a respirator bag (5), the inhale (17) and the exhale (18) valves with the mask (19), an oxygen gas analyser (14) and a control unit (8), wherein the device for obtaining said gas mixture represents containers (1) and (3) with compressed oxygen and, at least with one of the following gases: helium, and/or argon, and/or neon, and/or krypton, and/or xenon, and/or radon, and/or nitrogen, and/or nitrous oxide, and/or sulphur hexafluoride, or a mixture thereof, connected with said respirator bag (5) via pipes (6) having stop valves (2) and (4),wherein at least said container (1) with compressed oxygen is provided with a valve (7) remote controlled from said control unit (8) and the apparatus has a circulation loop, comprising connecting pipes (13), said respirator bag (5), flow booster (9), temperature gauge (16) and, at least one absorption unit (11) and (12) for absorbing the carbon dioxide, moisture and harmful trace contaminants exhaled by the patient said circulation loop is connected to said oxygen gas analyser (14) and additionally provided with carbon dioxide gas analyser (15) and temperature gauge (16), forming together with said oxygen gas analyser (14) a measurement unit, that is electrically connected to the control unit (8), a said mask (19) is connected to the loop by a tube (20) with valves (17) and (18). 7. An apparatus as claimed in Claim 6 wherein between the inhale valve (17) and the mask (19) an inhaler (21) for feeding pharmaceutical preparations or moisture is arranged to be connected to said tube (20) for feeding the gas mixture to the mask (19). 8. An apparatus as claimed in Claim s 6 or 7, wherein the carbon oxide absorber is shunted with an additional tube (22) with a controlled valve (23) for feeding part of gas flow, enriched by carbon dioxide, around the absorber (11) to the respirator bag (5). 9.An apparatus as claimed in Claim s 6-8, wherein the tube has at the exhale end a change-over switch (24) of gas flow to provide operation of the apparatus in the open cycle. 10. An apparatus as claimed in Claim s 6-9, wherein said absorber enables to regenerate. 11. An apparatus as claimed in Claim s 6-10, wherein the absorber is provided with a device for heat regeneration. 12. An apparatus as claimed in Claim s 6-11, wherein said apparatus comprises a device for gas purification of harmful trace contaminants, said device is connected to the tube (20) at the exhale end. 13. An apparatus as claimed in Claim s 6-12, wherein the circulating loop comprises a back valve (26) to avoid the reversing of gas flow. 14. An apparatus as claimed in Claim s 6-13, wherein said apparatus has a device for determination of main gas exchange during the patient breathing. 15. An apparatus as claimed in Claim s 6-13, wherein said respirator bag (5) i.e. provided with a safety valve (27) enabling to regulate the pressure.