baber/WOPTO huggingface dataset:
Patent GB-374901-A (GB)
Title: Improvements in or relating to the concentration of fatty acids
IPC: C07C51/02
Filed: 1931-03-17
Abstract: Aqueous solutions of fatty acids, particularly lower fatty acids such as acetic acid, are concentrated by first treating them with heavy metals, i.e. metals other than alkali or alkaline earth metals, or oxides or other compounds of heavy metals to form the salts of the fatty acids, removing water from these salts, and thereafter subjecting them to reduction to obtain the free fatty acids.  Copper is an example of a suitable heavy metal, and suitable heavy metal compounds include the oxides, hydroxides, and carbonates of copper, nickel, chromium, and cobalt.  The solid heavy metal compound may be added either in the theoretical quantity or in excess to the aqueous acid, preferably in stages and with agitation, and if necessary, while heating the liquid. When excess of the heavy metal compound is employed, this may be removed from the solution by decantation or filtration before further treatment.  When the heavy metal itself is employed, the salt may be formed by any known process, for example, copper powder may be reacted with aqueous acetic acid in the presence of oxygen or air.  Water may be separated wholly or in part from the heavy metal salt solution, for example, by evaporation under ordinary or reduced pressure, and the salt thus obtained may be dehydrated in a current of dry air at 100-125 DEG  C., or at a lower temperature in vacuo.  Water may also be removed from the salt solution, either before or after concentration, by adding an organic liquid miscible with water but in which the salt is insoluble, to cause precipitation of the salt, which may then be washed with the organic liquid.  The reduction of the salt may be effected with hydrogen or other reducing gas, for example, in a copper, silica, or staybrite tube heated to a temperature between 150 and 300 DEG  C., at normal, increased, or reduced pressure, and with or without admixture of other gases, the free acid being condensed from the vapours leaving the reaction tube. The residue of reduced salt may be used again for concentrating further aqueous fatty acid, if desired, after oxidation or conversion into a suitable salt.  The invention may be applied to the simultaneous purification and concentration of crude aqueous fatty acids, and is especially applicable to the concentration of dilute acetic acid such as that resulting from acetylation processes, for example, the acetylation of cellulose.  An example is given.
Patent GB-641919-A (GB)
Title: Improvements in thermostatic electric cut-outs
IPC: H01H37/66
Filed: 1948-03-19
Abstract: 641,919. Thermal switches. ANGEL ELECTRICAL INDUSTRIES, Ltd., and IZZARD, A. E. March 19, 1948, No. 8256. [Class 38(v)] In a thermostatic cut-out for controlling the temperature of an aquarium, and comprising a bimetal strip c coiled at one end' D which is pivotally mounted on a base E, the inner end of the coil carries an arm F' engaging an adjusting screw H and the free end of the strip engages a contact K to complete a heating circuit, a permanent or electro-magnet O assisting in maintaining the contacts closed. A rise in temperature to a predetermined value causes the coil to unwind, the consequential movement of the free end of the strip breaking the circuit at contact K, said movement being limited by a stop m. The base E is mounted in an open-sided box A attached to the exterior of the aquarium &c.
Patent GB-1459525-A (GB)
Title: Digital encoding apparatus
IPC: H03M1/00
Filed: 1974-02-22
Abstract: 1459525 Analogue-to-digital conversion FUJITSU Ltd 22 Feb 1974 [22 Feb 1973] 8264/74 Heading H3H In an analogue-to-digital converter having a coarse coding stage 49 and a fine coding stage 50 of the feedback type comprising a comparator 40, flip-flops 43 and a digital-to-analogue converter 44, the fine stage receives the input analogue at 39 (delayed at 38) and a digital code 41 representing the output of the coarse stage and generates a fine code the most significant bit of which overlaps the least significant bit of the coarse code, the coarse and fine outputs being summed at (47), Fig. 3(B), not shown. By avoiding subtraction of analogue signals, errors are reduced and the accuracy required of the coarse stage is reduced.
Patent GB-351002-A (GB)
Title: Improvements in and relating to reproducing apparatus for talking films
IPC: G11B7/00
Filed: 1930-03-14
Abstract: 351,002. Optical sound reproduction; associated working with kinematographs. MIH‡LY, D. VON, 13B, Hildegardstrasse, Wilmersdorf, Berlin. March 14, 1930, No. 8328. Convention date, Aug. 6, 1929. [Class 40 (ii).] In sound-reproducing apparatus wherein an image of the sound record is projected from a film on to a light-sensitive cell L located behind a gap J in a screen E, the screen E, cell L, and circuits associated therewith are constructively and electrically entirely separate from the appliance G for projecting the sound record and the distance of the screen E from the projector G is so great that electrical reactions from the projector upon the cell and its circuits do not occur. As shown, the projector for the sound film comprises a lamp G and lens H mounted so as to be tiltable about an axis X and movable laterally of the film. The size of the gap J may be varied by adjustable plates 1 .. 4 and the gap may be positioned in the screen for receiving projected pictures, or the sound record may be projected laterally and into a room separate from that containing the projector. The cell L, amplifier M, and condenser lens K, and, if desired, the means for adjusting the position and size of the gap J, may be formed as a unit. If the apparatus is used with an intermittent picture projector the feed roller F, Fig. 2, is driven through a centrifugal governor associated with a flywheel Q. The phase displacement between the sound and pictures may be varied by varying the size of the film loop between the sound and picture projectors and for this purpose extra rollers may be used between the roller F and lens D.
Patent GB-1508243-A (GB)
Title: Multitube clamp
IPC: A61M39/28
Filed: 1976-03-02
Abstract: 1508243 Valves S HUSTED-ANDERSEN [trading as TRANSCODAN SVEN HUSTEDANDERSEN] 2 March 1976 [5 March 1975] 08388/76 Heading F2V A multi-tube clamp, Figs. 1 to 7 (not shown), of the type having a roller (9) which is longitudinally displaceable with respect to a support housing (6), is characterized in that the clamping surfaces (12, 13) of the housing (6) for each tube (2, 4) are provided with recesses or openings (19, 20a, 20b), staggered relative to each other such that at least one tube is closed off as the roller is displaced. One or more of the clamping surfaces may also have a groove whose crosssection varies along the length of the housing to allow flow to be regulated as well as shut-off as the roller is displaced.
Patent GB-577065-A (GB)
Title: Improved alloy
IPC: C22C9/06
Filed: 1939-03-16
Abstract: 577,065. Alloys. BRITISH NON- FERROUS METALS RESEARCH ASSOCIATION, LIDDIARD, E. A. G., and MAY, R. March 16, 1939, No. 8400. [Class 82 (i)] Copper-nickel alloys resistant to attack particularly by sea water contain 5-25 per cent of nickel and 0.5-4 per cent of iron, with or without up to 1 per cent of manganese. According to the Provisional Specification the lower limit of nickel may be 2 per cent.
Patent GB-440173-A (GB)
Title: Improvements in and relating to shaft distributors for looms
IPC: D03D29/00
Filed: 1934-03-16
Abstract: 440,173. Shedding-devices for hand looms. NAAMLOOZE VENNOOTSCHAP NEDERLANDSCHE WOLSPINNERIJ, 483, Heerengracht, Amsterdam. March 16, 1934, No. 8404. Void [Abridged as open to inspection under Sect. 91 of the Acts, Sept. 17, 1934]. [Classes 142 (i) and 142 (ii)] In shedding-devices, particularly for hand looms, wherein each warp thread is adapted to be raised by an eccentric formed between adjacent discs mounted on a shaft, the discs are independently rotatable on the shaft and are held in position with respect to one another by a pressure-applying device. In the form shown, each disc 18 has a warpraising boss 20 and a dished hub 19 for engagement with the adjacent disc. The discs are mounted on a shaft against an end disc capable of being secured in one of four positions, while the discs are arranged in correct angular relation, that arrangement being facilitated by notches, holes, and cut-away corners, as shown. The discs are then pressed into engagement with one another by a nut on the shaft. In some cases, the discs are round or hexagonal with numbered or notched projections, whereby they may be arranged on the shaft in either of four, six, or eight positions according to the weave. The engagement between the discs may be obtained by four projections on each disc, while the boss 20 may be formed as or replaced by an eccentric.
Patent GB-536246-A (GB)
Title: Improvements in ventilators for helmets or the like
IPC: A42C5/04
Filed: 1940-05-10
Abstract: 536,246. Ventilators for helmets &c. GAUNT & SON, Ltd., J. R., and GAUNT, W. F. May 10, 1940, No. 8424. [Class 63] Ventilators for helmets and the like of the kind comprising a shield, usually of dome form, having openings in its sides and secured over a ventilation opening in the headgear, are secured by a plurality of prongs which pass through a washer or the material of the helmet, and are bent over at their ends. Preferably, two strips 7 at right angles are placed so as to obstruct direct rays of the sun through the openings 6, and are passed through slits-in a washer 13. The dome 5 ,may be recessed to receive the riveted over portion of a rivet 8 securing, the strips.
Patent GB-917741-A (GB)
Title: Manufacture of fibres from thermoplastic materials
IPC: B60L15/04
Filed: 1961-03-08
Abstract: 917,741. Glass fibre manufacture. COMPAGNIE DE SAINT-GOBAIN. March 8, 1961 [March 19, 1960], No. 8433/61. Class 56. In the manufacture of glass and like fibres wherein the molten material is perfected by centrifugal force in the form of streamlets through apertures in the periphery of a body rotating at high speed and is then engaged by a high speed, high temperature gaseous blast for attenuating the streamlets, a heat - insulating screen is arranged beneath the rotating body so as to prevent the formation of a zone of negative pressure beneath the body. As shown in Fig. 1, the centrifuge comprises a body 1 with apertures 3 in a peripheral band 2 through which the molten glass is projected in the form of streamlets which are attenuated into fine fibres by gases from an annular aperture 5 in a combustion chamber 4. To assist in distribution evenly over the band 2, the molten glass is fed to an inner body 6, rotating with body 1, having apertures 7. A heat-insulating screen 9 is fixed to the bottom 8 of the body 1 by an envelope 10, all provided with conduits 11 to allow communication between the interior of body 1 and the outside. The screen 9 may be used alone or water may be projected on the bottom or sides as through pipes 12, 13, the pipe 12 forming a steam covering to the base and the pipe 13 cooling the gases carrying away the formed fibres. As in Fig. 2, the screen 21 is fixed direct to the bottom and inner walls 23, 22 of the centrifuge body 14 which has a partition 15 with an aperture 17 to form two communicating chambers 16, 16a which hold a reserve of the molten material ensuring a constant identical pressure over all of the projection apertures 20. As in Fig. 3, the body 25, which has an inner body 26 for distribution evenly over the apertured band 27, has a largely open bottom and is formed with a skirt 28. A fixed central pipe 29 supports a plate 30 of heat-insulating material lying within the skirt 28 and a double envelope 30 provided with apertures 32 and, optionally, 34 and 35. Water supplied through pipe 29 is vaporized in the space 33 formed by the double envelope 30. Specifications 788,491 and 833,157 are referred to.
Patent GB-1413045-A (GB)
Title: Computing device for interpolation
IPC: F02D41/24
Filed: 1973-02-21
Abstract: 1413045 Interpolating HITACHI Ltd 21 Feb 1973 [21 Feb 1972] 8498/73 Heading G4A In an interpolation device where the values of a function Z=f(x, y) at predetermined points (x n , y m ) are stored in a memory 12 (Fig. 5) at addresses given by the values x n , y m , the value z p =f(x p , y p ) at an intermediary point in the area banded by stored points (x i , y i ), (x i , y j ), (x j , y i ) and x j , y i ) is determined by entering the values x p , y p  into counters 10, 11 the upper orders of which used to address the memory and incrementing the lower orders of counter 11 to their full count each time counter 10 is incremented until a full count has been-applied to the lower orders of counter 10. The memory being addressed at each incremental pulse. Each time the memory 12 is addressed by the counters, adder circuit 14 adds the read-out values of z (which are appropriately sealed) to the sum of the previously read-out values held in register 15 so that at the end,of the read out register 15 holds the value z p . With the point (x p , y p ) having the position relative to the boundary points shown in Fig. 4 the first pulse applied to-counter 11 results in the value z ii =f(x i , y i ) being read from memory 12 into register 13 for addition. At the sixth pulse the upper orders of counter 11 are stepped to a count of y j  so that the value z ij =f(x i , y j ) is read out until after n pulses counter 8, simultaneously incremented with counter 11, reaches its full count to increment counter 10 and reverse the direction of count in counter 11. This process is repeated until the memory has been addressed once for each square in the area bounded by the points A2; A4; A6; (x p , y p ), so that the values z ii , z ij , z ji  and z jj  are added for each square in the areas bounded by (x j , y p ), (x j , y j ), (x p , y j ), (x p , y p ); (x j , y j ), A5, A6, (x p , y j ); A2, A3, (x j , y j ), (x j , y p ); A3, A4, A5 (x j , y j ) respectively. The apparatus may be used for calculation of the ignition advance angle in an internal combustion engine in which case the variables x, y are derived in digital form from sensors 1, 2 and represent the speed of rotation of the engine and the vacuum pressure in the intake manifold. The value zp is compared with the instantaneous position of the engine piston held in a register 17, a comparator 16 producing an output at equality to trigger the ignition. It may also be used to control the fuel injection valve of a fuel injection internal combustion engine. In a modification (Fig. 7, not shown) the memory (12) is addressed from a counter (11) in combination with one of two counters (10, 10<SP>1</SP>) receiving inputs-representing the partial vacuum in the intake manifold of an engine from a sensor (1) or the throttle opening of an engine from a second sensor (1<SP>1</SP>). Counter (11) is controlled from a sensor (2) measuring the rotational speed of the engine so that in one cycle the quantity of fuel to be injected is measured and in the next cycle the ignition advance angle is calculated.
Patent GB-558226-A (GB)
Title: Improvements in and relating to portable electric handlamps
IPC: F21V23/00
Filed: 1942-06-22
Abstract: 558,226. Lamp-holders. CONRADI, E. S. June 22, 1942, No. 8550. [Class 38 (i)] Relates to a portable lamp holder of the type having a shroud surrounding the holder and attached to a disc-shaped base 14 on a support 10 for the lamp. According to the invention an annular part 18 screwed into the shroud carries locking- means for securing the lampholder to the base. In one construction a skirt 34 extends inwardly from the member 18 and engages a flange on the shell 22 of the holder and a flange 30 on the insulator 24. In a modification, the skirt 34 is replaced by a flange at the inner end of the member 18. For locking the lamp, a grub screw 36 set in the member 18 has a hollow end 46 to enclose the bayonet pin 40 of the lamp. The screw has a squared &c. head 44 requiring a special tool. For a screw cap lamp, the screw shell of the holder has a tongue pressed from it that is fixed against the cap by a rounded end of the grub screw. Specification 360,370, [Group XI], is referred to.
Patent GB-766245-A (GB)
Title: Therapeutic preparations containing erythromycin
IPC: A61K9/00
Filed: 1955-03-24
Abstract: A therapeutic composition especially an injection comprises a solution of erythromycin in a lower dialkyl carbonate in which the alkyl groups have from 1 to 3 carbon atoms.  Specified dialkyl carbonates are dimethyl carbonate, diethyl carbonate, dipropyl carbonate and ethyl isopropyl carbonate.  The erythromycin is the free antibiotic or a therapeutically acceptable form thereof such as erythromycin ethyl carbonate, erythromycin propionate or other esters soluble in the dialkyl carbonate.  The antibiotic is employed in quantities of 25 to 100 and preferably 50 mg per mil of solution. Optional additions are (a) local anaesthetics e.g. procaine, benzocaine and 1- benzamido -1- phenyl -3-piperidinopropane (see Specification 739,741) (b) preservatives, e.g. phenol, benzyl alcohol and chlorobutanol (c) other antibiotic and/or chemotherapeutic agents, and (d) pharmaceutical adjurants.
Patent GB-127896-A (GB)
Title: Improvements in Tractors Supported on Endless Tracks.
Inventor: CROMPTON ROOKES EVELYN BELL
IPC: B62D55/108
Filed: 1917-06-16
Abstract: 127,896. Crompton, R. E. B., and Phillips, S. W. June 16, 1917. Endless-track vehicles.-The tracks of endlesstrack tractors are carried on frames A carrying the track rollers and pivoted to the main frame C at their outer ends, their inner ends d being supported by springs e. The outer ends of the frames are shaped to surmount obstacles, and the lower edges c are suitably curved. The tracks are driven by a worm-driven shaft K provided with brake drums and with a clutch for winding purposes.
Patent GB-357505-A (GB)
Title: Improvements in or relating to electric storage cells and batteries
IPC: H01M50/429
Filed: 1930-03-18
Abstract: 357,505. Galvanic batteries. POLLOCK, S. A., Little Bush House, Kingsbury, London. March 18, 1930, No. 8725. [Class 53.] Separators; electrodes.-A storage battery is provided with separators composed of nitrated cotton fibre paper, and the separators or the electrodes or both are formed with projections or recesses to provide passages for the flow of liquid and gases in two directions inclined to one another. The separators may be in the form of sheaths 26 enclosing the electrodes and they may be nitrated by the process described in Specification 357,550, [Group IV]. Fig. 4 shows an electrode which may be used with the separator comprising a number of corrugated areas 13. The electrode may alternatively be corrugated all over in two directions inclined at an angle to one another. Specifications 357,504, 357,506, and 357,507 are also referred to.
Patent GB-300453-A (GB)
Title: Improvements in cranes
IPC: B66C23/84
Filed: 1928-03-22
Abstract: 300,453. Gluckstein, V. March 22, 1928. Clamps, internal.- For clamping a collar 7 upon a stanchion 1, 1, blocks 12 are wedged between the stanchion and the inside of the collar by means of plates 16, each plate being loosely mounted on two T-headed bolts 14 which slide in the block 12 and are provided with nuts 17.
Patent GB-117476-A (GB)
Title: Improvements in Air Supply Fittings for Chain Grate Stokers.
IPC: F23H11/10
Filed: 1917-06-19
Abstract: 117,476. Babcock & Wilcox, Parker, A. E., Davy, C. S., and Meiklereid, D. G. June 19, 1917. Grates; air supply.-A chain grate is mounted on a carriage 3, in the side of which is an aperture 4 which makes contact with the mouth of an air duct 5 in the wall 6 of the furnace. The stoker is divided into sections by fixed plates 2 and hinged plates 2<a>, which prevent any material passage of air between the divisions. Air is supplied to the stoker either by natural draught through the duct 5 and through louvers 2<b>, or by forced draught through the duct 5, the louvers 2<b> being closed, and the damper 7, Fig. 3, moved into the vertical position so as to close the naturaldraught inlet and to open the forced-draught passage. The lower run of the chain moves on a plate or plates 9, and carries forward the dust &c. to the front of the stoker.
Patent GB-394095-A (GB)
Title: Improvements in safety stops for rail trucks
IPC: B61K7/22
Filed: 1932-03-24
Abstract: 394,095. Stops for railway trucks. McGRATH, J., Herd Street, Dunollie, near Greymouth, New Zealand. March 24, 1932, No. 8814. [Class 104 (ii).] A stop for mine trucks &c. comprises an arm 1 pivoted at 2 between two fixed angle irons 6, and weighted at its lower end 3 to keep it in a vertical position. A brace 10 pivoted to the arm engages a fixed block 12 at its lower end and maintains the arm 1 against the pressure of the truck 18. When the brace 10 is disengaged from the block 12, the trucks force the arm 1 down, and after they have passed the weight 3 returns it to vertical position.
Patent GB-1427674-A (GB)
Title: Process for coating a material onto a timepiece part
IPC: G04D3/00
Filed: 1974-02-27
Abstract: 1427674 Timepieces SUWA SEIKOSHA KK 27 Feb 1974 [5 March 1973 (2)] 8890/74 Heading G3T [Also in Division C7] A timepiece a part of which has been coated with a material by a process comprising establishing a plas ma glow discharge between the part and the material to evaporate the coating material which is deposited on the part. The coating material may be at least one of Fe, Co, Ni, W, Mo, Ti, Cr, Th, Ag, Zr, Ta, Au, Pd, Cu and Al, an alloy or intermetallic compound or a carbide, nitride, oxide, boride or silicate or an Ag alloy containing at least one of Sb, In, Cd, Ni, Co, Cr, Au, Rh, Ru, Pd, Pt, Os, Sn, Re, W or Mo. The timepiece part may be a watch band, a case, a dial disc, a crown or balance staff of steel or brass and the coating thickness is # 3 microns with a hardness # 1000 HV. The Ag or Ag alloy coating may be covered with a lacquer layer. Coating is effected in an evacuated chamber containing argon at 2-6x10<SP>-2</SP> mm Hg and a D.C. electric field # 1 KV is supplied between the cathode timepiece and the anode coating material which is heated by resistance or electron beam. Alternatively a reactive gas e.g. carburizing, oxidizing or nitriding may be used in the evacuated chamber to form carbides, oxides or nitrides.