baber/WOPTO huggingface dataset:
Patent KR-20020046821-A (KR)
Title: Pivot of wire clamp
Inventor: AHN GEUN SIK
IPC: H01L21/60
Filed: 2000-12-15
Abstract: PURPOSE: A pivot structure of a wire clamp is provided to perform an exact motion of a wire clamp by using a pair of flat springs lying at right angles to each other. CONSTITUTION: A pivot(24) comprises a pair of pivot brackets(26,28) respectively having a same shape installed to front each other, a pair of flat springs(30,32) fixed on the pivot brackets(26,28), and washers(38,39,40,41) and bolts(34,35,36) for fixing the flat springs(30,32) to the pivot brackets(26,28). The pivot brackets(26,28) are made up of a first pivot bracket(26) fixed to a first wire clamp lever(14) and a second pivot bracket(28) fixed to a second wire clamp lever(16). At this point, the levers(14,16) don't vibrate to rotation directions when performing a high speed bonding process due to the flat springs(30,32).
Patent KR-20010062512-A (KR)
Inventor: IRWIN R ESTEPA
IPC: H01L21/56
Filed: 2000-12-16
Abstract: PURPOSE: To provide a method for manufacturing a multi-chip package having a consistency at a low cost based on existing chip design, assembling and sealing techniques, and achieve a reduction in the manufacturing cycle time and an increase in the throughput. CONSTITUTION: The semiconductor assembly comprises first and second chips having an integrated circuit and an active surface having a plurality of input/ output connecting pads, and an insulating material interposer having a plurality of conductive paths. In this case, the interposer is disposed between active surfaces of the first and second chips. The paths are extended from the first surface to the second surface through the interposer, and an electric terminal is formed on each surface. The chips are connected by a terminal and a solder ball reflow on the interposer. Further, the interposer has an electric terminal for connecting the chips to an another component.
Patent KR-20020052284-A (KR)
Title: Automatic transmission shift lever lock and key interlock cam system
Inventor: JUNG JIN SANG
IPC: B60K20/02
Filed: 2000-12-26
Abstract: PURPOSE: An automatic shift lever shift lock and a key interlock cam backstop in a vehicle are provided to prevent separation of a key through vibration in traveling by supporting the automatic shift lever. CONSTITUTION: An automatic shift lever shift lock and a key interlock cam backstop of a vehicle comprises a shaft pin mounting a key interlock cam backstop(400); an interlock cable(280) installed on a rotational lever(270); a back stop slider arranged between the key interlock cable and a shift cable; a backstop hole inserting the backstop slider; a pinion gear(420) installed on a lower portion of the key interlock cam backstop; a lack moving an automatic shift lever into a specific position; a backstop bar placed on a rear portion of the key interlock cable. The slider rotates the rotational lever by dropping to pull the key interlock cable. The backstop bar is inserted to the backstop hole to prevent a key from being separated. Thereby, the automatic shift lever shift lock and the key interlock cam backstop of the vehicle prevent separation of the key through vibration in traveling by supporting the automatic shift lever.
Patent KR-20010062776-A (KR)
Inventor: CHANTREAU MARC
IPC: B60K6/405
Filed: 2000-12-27
Abstract: PURPOSE: An attachment device is provided to eliminate problems of positioning of the air gap of the equipment and problems of expansion of the aluminum clutch housing during operation of the electrical equipment. CONSTITUTION: An attachment device for electrical equipment in a clutch housing(2) for an automobile set up between its gear box cover and an engine cover(4) is characterized such that the electrical equipment includes a stator(5) fixed relating to the clutch housing and a rotor(6) drivable so as to rotate by a crankshaft(7) of an engine and an assembly including the stator, the rotor, and a support hub of the rotor mounted in a bearing of ball bearing or the like is arranged with a space apart from the clutch housing to be further set up in an independent housing connected to a clutch cover.
Patent KR-20020056090-A (KR)
Inventor: PARK JU SEOK
IPC: B23D77/00
Filed: 2000-12-29
Abstract: PURPOSE: A gun reamer is provided to remarkably improve the productivity and workability and to enhance the endurance of the gun reamer by precisely cutting a valve guide inserted into a cylinder head. CONSTITUTION: A gun reamer(50) includes a shaft section(60) engaged with a chuck of a machine tool, and a processing section(70) integrally formed with a front of the shaft section(60) to cut a valve guide. The shaft section(60) has a cylindrical shape or a polygonal column shape having a predetermined length and diameter. A perforation hole(62) is formed lengthwise of the shaft section(60) so as to feed oil when performing the cutting process. A D-shaped cutting portion is formed at a rear portion of the shaft section(60). The processing section(70) is made of cemented carbide alloy. The processing section(70) has a rectangular sectional shape and a cutting blade is brazed to one edge of the processing section(70).
Patent KR-20020058962-A (KR)
Inventor: BAEK HYEONG GU
IPC: H03F1/26
Filed: 2000-12-30
Abstract: PURPOSE: An analog amplifying circuit is provided to reduce a production cost and to obtain a performance being larger than an expected value by realizing an amplifier by using only one transistor during the design of both of a low noise amplifier at a receiving end and an amplifier at a sending end. CONSTITUTION: An analog amplifying circuit is characterized in that after a frequency of an inputted signal by adding an LC resonator to a base of transistor using as an amplifier draws up to a maximum peak value, the inputted signal is amplified by using one transistor, thereby obtaining twice amplification effects.
Patent KR-20010022296-A (KR)
IPC: A61K31/415
Filed: 1998-06-15
Abstract: A composition for the topical transdermal administration to the penis is based on prostaglandin E1. The composition is non-irritating and effective for relieving erectile impotence or other penile erectile dysfunction. A penetration enhancing effective amount of a dioxolane, dioxane, or acetal skin penetration enhancing compound in a pharmaceutically acceptable aqueous alcoholic carrier is used to facilitate the penetration of the prostaglandin E1 active ingredient through the skin. Phentolamine or prazosin may be used in combination with prostaglandin E1.
Patent KR-20010023347-A (KR)
Title: 1-(3-시클로펜틸옥시-4-알콕시페닐)-4-옥소시클로헥산카르보니트릴의 제조 방법
IPC: C07C253/14
Filed: 1998-08-26
Abstract: 본 발명은 하기 화학식 I의 1-(3-시클로펜틸옥시-4-알콕시페닐)-4-옥소시클로헥산카르보니트릴을 제조하는 신규 방법을 기재하고 있다.  이 방법에서는, 하기 화학식 II의 4-시아노-4-(3-시클로펜틸옥시-4-메톡시페닐)-헵탄이산 디알킬 에스테르를 염기 존재하에 고리화하여 하기 화학식 III의 5-시아노-5-(3-시클로펜틸옥시-4-알콕시페닐)-2-옥소시클로헥산 카르복실산 에스테르를 형성시킨 후, 화학식 III의 화합물을 알칼리 금속 중탄산염으로 중화하고, 마지막으로 알칼리 금속 탄산염의 존재하에 탈카르복실화하여 화학식 I의 최종 생성물을 형성시킨다. 
     〈화학식 I〉 
     
       
     
     〈화학식 II〉 
     
       
     
     〈화학식 III〉
Patent KR-20010052074-A (KR)
Title: 3차원 회로 캐리어를 사용하는 스위치 가능 정합 회로
IPC: H01Q1/24
Filed: 1998-09-18
Abstract: 본 발명은 안테나 베이스 어셈블리 상에 분리된 신호 및 접지 경로를 통합하고 정합 회로를 그 상에 포함하는 3차원 캐러이 회로를 포함하는 무선 전화 안테나 어셈블리에 관한 것이다. 본 발명은 분리된 스위칭 회로 및 와이핑 접촉을 필요로 하지 않고 수축 가능 상부 부하 안테나에 의해 발생되는 상이한 임피던스(수축 및 연장 임피던스)를 정합시키기 위해 3차원 회로를 한정하도록 안테나 어셈블리 통로를 구성한다.
Patent KR-20010015605-A (KR)
IPC: A23L19/18
Filed: 1998-07-23
Abstract: 한 방법이 충전물을 함유하는 반죽 제품을 형성하기 위해 기술되었다. 상기 방법은 반죽 제품의 표면에 돌출부를 제조하는 단계를 포함한다. 상기 돌출부는 반죽 제품의 주 본체로부터 떨어져서 반죽의 체적을 분리하는데 도움을 주며, 따라서 상기 반죽 제품의 주 본체내부에서 충전물로부터의 수분이 돌출부로 쉽게 이동할 수 없다. 그의 돌출부를 지닌 반죽 제품은 프라잉시 상당한 수준의 바삭바삭함이 달성되고, 또한 냉동/해동 사이클 후에도 재 가열시 바삭바삭함이 달성된다.
Patent KR-20010024312-A (KR)
Title: 다목적으로 조절할 수 있는 단일 시이트 상자
IPC: B65D65/12
Filed: 1998-11-12
Abstract: 접을 수 있는 재질의 블랭크 시이트는 그위에 정해진 수직 접선(12, 16,58-64: 76-90)과 수평 접선(34-56, 92-114)을 가지며, 상기 블랭크를 닫는 형대로 형성하는 탭(66)을 갖는다. 미리 형성된 수직접선과 수평접선을 따라 상자를 접음으로서 다양한 형태의 상자를 만든다.
Patent KR-20010032278-A (KR)
Title: 모듈로 시간 기준 및 시간 증분 해상도를 이용한 시간스탬핑 방법 및 장치
IPC: H04N21/242
Filed: 1999-12-20
Abstract: 본 발명의 시간 스탬핑 장치는 모듈로 시간 기준 및 시간 증분 해상도를 이용하여 압축 데이터에 내재한 상이한 오디오/비디오 소스에 대한 로컬 시간 기준을 효율적으로 부호화한다. 상기 로컬 시간 기준은 주로 두 부분 즉 기준 시간내의 특정간격을 나타내는 모듈로 시간 기준 및 상기 기준 시간과 관련한 시간 기준 증분으로 부호화된다. 두 가지 형태의 시간 기준 증분이 사용되어 상이한 부호화 순서 및 디스플레이 순서를 표현할 수 있다. 시간 기준 증분에 대한 해상도가 도입되어 상이한 프레임율의 오디오/비디오 소스가 부호화되고 하나의 비트스트림으로 다중화된다. 또한 몇가지 비디오 프레임율을 적은 비트로 표시할 수 있다. 시간 증분 해상도 파라미터가 비디오 오브젝트 플레인 그룹의 헤더에 위치한다.
Patent KR-20010015837-A (KR)
Title: 손실을 가지고 전송된 이미지의 무결성을 확인하는 방법
IPC: H04N1/32
Filed: 1999-09-21
Abstract: 디지털 이미지는 제1 시퀀스를 갖는 복수의 셀로 분할된다. 2개 세트의 의사 랜덤 번호를 생성하기 위해 랜덤 시드가 발생되어 사용된다. 제1 세트의 의사 랜덤 번호는 상기 셀들의 위치와 모양을 변경하여 이미지가 분할되는 새로운 세트의 셀들을 만들기 위해 사용된다. 이들 새로운 셀 각각에 대해 측정이 이루어진다. 제2 세트의 의사 랜덤 번호는 제2 시퀀스를 만든다. 제1 시퀀스에 대응하는 새로운 셀 각각은 제2 시퀀스에 대응하는 다른 새로운 셀과 비교된다. 이 비교는 임계값과 관련되며 지문을 생성한다. 최종 지문은 이미지와 랜덤 시드와 함께 전송된다. 수신기는 그 수신된 이미지상에서 동일 알고리즘을 실시한다. 만일 그것이 일반적으로 수신하는 것과 동일한 지문을 생성한다면, 이미지는 변경되지 않는다고 가정한다.
Patent KR-20010032484-A (KR)
IPC: B64C21/10
Filed: 1999-02-23
Abstract: In order to increase the power of fast flowing media, the wall surface (2) of a solid body (1) along which the medium flows, is provided with a plurality of recesses (3; F1, F2, F3) that extend by at least one length (1) in the direction of flow (SR) at a depth (t) that is substantially lower than the length thereof (1). At least parts of the recesses (3) have a depth (t) that diminishes in the direction of flow (SR) along said wall surface and the recesses form at least one interruption in the wall surface (2) in the direction of flow. The device can be used to particularly advantageous effect in high pressure nozzles in order to produce a high pressure liquid jet in pipelines, suction tubes for carburettors, exhaust gas tubes and in projectiles such as rockets which can move very quickly through a medium.
Patent KR-20010040617-A (KR)
Title: 이동데이터 서비스용 시스템 및 방법
IPC: H04W76/02
Filed: 1999-01-29
Abstract: 다양한 표준들 하에서 동작하는 다양한 전기통신 서비스들을 통한 무선(와이어리스) 데이터전송을 위한 개선된 방법과 시스템이 기술된다. 상기 시스템과 방법은, 이동 액세스에서 호출 SCC MS 와 접속제어 WCC MS 를 분리하고, 통신에 균일성을 제공하는 일반적인 호출제어 매카니즘을 제공하고 그리고 독립된 접속제어 매카니즘이 이루어지도록 하여 물리적 및 가상채널 접속을 처리함으로써 동작한다.
Patent KR-20010053211-A (KR)
IPC: A61P37/08
Filed: 1999-06-24
Abstract: The invention relates to the use of bisphosphonic acids and the derivatives thereof for producing medicaments for preventing and treating autoimmune diseases or allergies combined with the autoantigens specifically used for treating the respective autoimmune disease or combined with the allergens specifically used for treating the respective allergy. Some examples of the bisphosphonic acids or derivatives thereof which are used according to the invention include amino-hydroxy-methylidene-bisphosphonic acid (AMP), 2-amino-1-hydroxyethylidene-1,1-bisphosphonic acid (AEP), pamidronic acid, alendronic acid, 6-amino-1-hydroxyhexylidene-1,1-bisphosphonic acid (AHP), amidinomethylene-bisphosphonic acid (AIMP), ibandronic acid, risedronic acid, zoledronic acid, cimadronic acid, and tiludronic acid. Some examples of autoimmune diseases in which bisphosphonic acids or the derivatives thereof can be used include rheumatoid arthritis, severe myasthenia, diabetes mellitus, uveitis, and scleroderma. The bisphosphonic acids or the derivatives thereof and the autoantigens or allergens can be applied simultaneously or in succession. The preparations of the combinations can be used in solid form, as ointments, as solutions or as sprays.
Patent KR-20010053324-A (KR)
Title: 항히스타민 피페리딘 유도체 및 이를 제조하기 위한 중간체
IPC: C07C69/716
Filed: 1999-06-17
Abstract: 본 발명은 하기 화학식 (I)의 신규한 피페리딘 유도체 및 그 제조 방법, 또는 그의 입체 이성질체 또는 약학적으로 허용가능한 산 부가 염에 관한 것이다: 
     ＜화학식 I＞ 
     
       
     
     상기 식에서, 
     R 1 은 H 또는 C 1 -C 6 알킬이고, C 1 -C 6 알킬 잔기는 직쇄 또는 분지쇄이고; 
     R 2 는 -COOH 또는 -COO알킬이고, 알킬 잔기는 1 내지 6 개의 탄소 원자를 갖고 직쇄 또는 분지쇄이다.
Patent KR-20010025629-A (KR)
Title: Preparation of Titanium oxide Nanocrystalline Powder by HCl Treatment
Inventor: LEE JONG KOOK
IPC: C01G23/04
Filed: 2001-01-12
Abstract: PURPOSE: A preparation method of TiO2 nano-size particle with high specific surface area and excellent crystallinity is provided by conducting HCl excluding high heat treatment. Therefore, it is possible to reduce the re-bonding rate of electron-positive hole which decrease the photo-catalyst activity, and to stimulate the photo-catalyst activity due to its broadened reaction area. CONSTITUTION: A preparation method of TiO2 of nano-size particles having high specific surface area and excellent crystallinity of anatase or rutile at relatively low temperature is characterized by using HCl of different concentration of 0.1M, 0.5M, 2M each, amorphous titanium hydroxide precipitate is acid treated with HCl aqueous solution at 60 deg.C for 24 hours, in order to produce TiO2 particles having high specific surface area and good crystallinity of anatase powder having spheric particles or a rutile phase having triangular particles. Wherein, the precipitate is obtained from a reaction between 0.5M solution of TiOCl2 and 5M solution of ammonia.
Patent KR-20020060898-A (KR)
Title: feeding conveyor for steel-can opener's auto arraying and feeding apparatus
Inventor: YOO SUNG WOO
IPC: B65G47/04
Filed: 2001-01-13
Abstract: PURPOSE: A feed conveyor of a device for automatic alignment and feed of steel can-openers is provided to quickly move plural openers by the air injection force, to reduce installation cost, to improve the feeding speed, and to make the exact movement of can openers possible. CONSTITUTION: A device for automatic alignment and feed or steel can-openers comprises a mechanism for separating and aligning can openers(50) aligning plural steel can-openers in alignment grooves in ones and transferring to a primary feed conveyor, the primary feed conveyor moving the aligned can openers, a check box(6) removing the can openers not aligned in the right direction to an air ejector and transferring to a conveyor through re-alignment, and an air chute(10) fixing the can opener transferred from the check box to a fixing groove and pressing. A feed conveyor(8) of the device for automatic alignment and feed of steel can-openers comprises a moving boards(84) having a movement groove, air injection nozzles(82) installed to the upper side of the moving boards, and a vibrator(88) installed to a lower side of the moving boards. The movement groove is formed by coupling two upper boards separated with the width of the can openers, to both side of the top of lower boards(85).
Patent KR-20010025647-A (KR)
Title: A Method and System for Offering Suitable Information to Client By Psychological Test
Inventor: HWANG KYEUNG SU
IPC: G06Q50/22
Filed: 2001-01-13
Abstract: PURPOSE: The method and system are provided to supply the custom-made information most suitable for a client from a self-database and an external database by performing a reliable psychological test and grasping a client's taste. CONSTITUTION: A managing server(310) confirms a client's identity and supplies information of a psychological test and a custom-made information. A database server(320) saves and manages the client's information. A member managing program(313) gives a member code to each client and certifies a membership. A psychological test supplying program(314) outputs a psychological test information and supplies the information in accordance with a client's request. A psychological test analyzing program(315) analyses a result of a psychological test. An information searching program(316) searches the custom-made information suitable for the client from a corresponding database based on a client's psychological analyzing information. A custom-made information supplying program(317) supplies the analyzed information and the custom-made information for the client. A database managing server(321) manages the database(322). A member information DB(323) saves a member's private information. A psychological test information DB(324) saves definite information of the psychological test. A client custom-made information DB(325) has detailed information to supply most suitable information for a client. A psychological analyzing information DB(326) registers a client's psychological analyzed information.
Patent KR-20020066492-A (KR)
Title: Handler for testing LCD
Inventor: LEE JUN HO
IPC: G02F1/13
Filed: 2001-02-12
Abstract: PURPOSE: An LCD(Liquid Crystal Display) test handler is provided to automatically test a plurality of LCDs at once, thereby improving the LCD testing efficiency, and simply remove the LCDs of which test is finished from socket parts by withdrawing the socket parts via a front surface part of a work table. CONSTITUTION: An LCD test handler includes a rectangular frame type base frame(2) slantly mounted to a main body(1) of the handler, a base plate(3) mounted behind the base frame by a predetermined distance in parallel to base frame surface, a moving block(4) vertically movable along a surface of the base plate, a driving element for moving the moving block vertically, a work table(7) detachably mounted to a front surface part of the moving block to move along an opened surface part of the base frame in association with the movement of the moving block and provided with a plurality of socket parts(8) to be mounted with LCDs to test, a Z-axis driving part(12) mounted behind the base plate to be coupled with the base plate for moving the base plate toward the front surface part of the base frame, and an inspection unit(11) electrically connected to an external testing equipment, mounted at a front upper end part of the base frame, and electrically connected to the LCDs when the work table moves by the Z-axis driving part.
Patent KR-20010082743-A (KR)
Title: Melting furnace for gasifying inflammabile waste and melting method for gasifying the same
Inventor: HAGIWARA HIROYUKI
IPC: F23G5/00
Filed: 2001-02-17
Abstract: PURPOSE: To solve a problem in the conventional art that a refuse melting furnace provided only with a coke bed requires a separate apparatus for producing oxygen-rich air, entailing increase in the installation cost, and a melting furnace provided only with a plasma torch is not separately equipped with a tuyere for delivering air blast, and accordingly the incineration heat of the refuse can hardly be utilized. CONSTITUTION: Refuse and coke are supplied into a shaft furnace, the refuse is burned and gasified in an atmosphere of at most a stoichiometric amount of air to the material to be burned, and the residue is discharged out of the furnace as a molten slag. A coke layer is formed on the furnace bottom, the plasma torch is installed so as to blast heated air to the coke layer. Further, a tuyere is provided so as to blow air to the refuse stacked on the coke layer, the pressure around the bottom is positive on an average of 0.3-50 kPa.
Patent KR-20010085442-A (KR)
Title: Magnetic garnet material and magnetooptical device using the same
Inventor: OHIDO ATSUSHI
IPC: H01F10/24
Filed: 2001-02-21
Abstract: PURPOSE: To provide a magnetic garnet material which hardly causes cracks while a single crystal film is grown or polished for a magnetooptical device, which used a magneto-optical effect by using the magnetic garnet material, and to provide a magneto-optical device which shows a faraday rotation angle θranging 44deg.C > θ > 46deg.C when light at wavelength λ (1570 nm > λ > 1620 nm) enters and which hardly causes cracks during processing and can suppress decrease in the yield. CONSTITUTION: The magnetic garnet material used is represented by general formula of BiaM13-aFe5-bM2bO12, wherein M1 is at least one king of element selected from Y, La, Eu, Gd, Ho, Yb, Lu and Pb, M2 is at least one kind of element selected from Ga, Al, Ti, Ge, Si and Pt, and a and b satisfy 1.0 > a > 1.5 and 0 > b > 0.5.
Patent KR-20020071114-A (KR)
Title: Deflection measuring method of headlining for automobile
Inventor: CHOI MIN HO
IPC: G01M5/00
Filed: 2001-03-03
Abstract: PURPOSE: A method for measuring the slackness of a car head lining is provided to explain the slackness numerically by using a measuring device of push-pull gauge manner, thus attaining accurate data in the examination of the head lining. CONSTITUTION: The method for measuring the slackness of a car head lining(10) comprises the steps of; arranging at least five push-pull gauges(20) along a left and right width direction of the lower part of the head lining, fixing each gauge body to a car body with a rod(60) and fixing a gauge pin to the surface of the head lining; setting an initial scale value of the push-pull gauge installed at the center of the head lining as a reference value; and measuring the slackness of the head lining from a movement distance of each gauge pin.
Patent KR-20020071218-A (KR)
Title: Software download method and apparatus using radio communication
Inventor: KANG MIN SEOK
IPC: H04L12/66
Filed: 2001-03-05
Abstract: PURPOSE: A software download method and apparatus using a wireless communication is provided to download a necessary software using a wireless communication system such as a bluetooth or a LAN(Local Area Network) access point without composing a specific device or a new protocol. CONSTITUTION: A host server(1) manages generation, disappearance, and data update works of local servers(2A-2N), and provides download software information and an IP(Internet Protocol) address of the local servers(2A-2N) to LAN access points(3A-3N). The local servers(2A-2N) receive a plurality of softwares from the host server(1), store the received softwares, and downloads a software requested by a terminal. The LAN access points(3A-3N) provide download software information and the IP address to the terminal when connecting to the terminal through an internal wireless communication device, and performs a LAN access through the wireless communication device when the terminal requests the communication connection with the local servers(2A-2N). An SDR(Software Defined Radio) device(4) performs wireless communication with the LAN access points(3A-3N) through the internal wireless communication device, receives download software information and the IP address, and receives a necessary software in a corresponding place from a corresponding local server through the LAN access.
Patent KR-20020071226-A (KR)
Inventor: HWANG JONG YUN
IPC: H04B7/26
Filed: 2001-03-05
Abstract: PURPOSE: An apparatus and a method for controlling the transmission of a reverse link in a mobile communication system are provided to check a channel state of a forward link and control the transmission of the reverse link in the mobile communication system for performing a time division of a packet data traffic channel and using the divided packet data traffic channels. CONSTITUTION: An RF(Radio Frequency) module(211) down-converts slot signals received to a forward link. A receiver(213) measures a signal to noise ratio per each slot, outputs the measured signal to noise ratio, and outputs user information and CRC(Cyclic Redundancy Check) information using information of each slot. A transmitter(217) transmits data to a reverse link. A controller(215) receives user information from the receiver(213) while the data transmission of the reverse link is controlled, and accumulates the signal to noise ratio in case that received user information is not its information. The controller(215) compares the accumulated value of the signal to noise ratio with a threshold value in case that an accumulation period is over a certain value to adjust a counter about a channel state of a forward link, and compares the value of the counter with the number of predetermined successive encoder packets to control the transmitter(217).