baber/WOPTO huggingface dataset:
Patent GB-1384141-A (GB)
Title: Character encoding device
IPC: G06V30/10
Filed: 1972-06-15
Abstract: 1384141 Character recognition systems G PERENNOU and S CASTAN 15 June 1972 [15 June 1971 13 Jan 1972] 28184/72 Heading G4R  A character recognition system employs the residual shadow technique, i.e. he character is regarded as a solid object which is "illuminated" from several directions, the shape and position of any portion (residual shadow) of the character field that is shadowed from illumination in the several directions being characteristic of the character. The system includes an addressable memory FY, Fig. 1, which receives signals from a scanner, e.g. a matrix of photo-electric units, viewing the character field. Each cell of the memory is set either to a state eg corresponding to an elementary area of the character, or to a state eo, corresponding to an elementary area of the background. A scanning logic unit Lb is connected in turn to memory cells of FY lying along predetermined scan paths. The direction of these paths corresponds to a predetermined direction of "illumination" of the character. The scan paths are defined by a list of addresses stored in a store M. The paths can be changed as required by changing the list. By comparison of the current cell on a scan path with the preceding cell the logic unit Lb determines the state to which the current cell must be set, namely to state eb representing an illuminated area of the field, or to eg representing the character, or to eo representing a shadowed area. A set of scan paths representing illumination from a given direction is called an elementary scan, and a group of such scans is called a composite scan. Figs. 10a-10c illustrate three successive elementary scans from the directions shown, and Fig. 3c shows the cusp-like residual shadow of the composite scan. The result of the composite scan is placed in a zone of a store R, and further composite scans performed in similar manner under control of the lists of addresses in store M. When all the scans have been performed the contents of the zones of R are combined by a logic unit Lt, e.g. to define common areas of residual shadow (Figs. 5, 6, not shown) or areas which are not common (Figs. 7, 8, not shown). The forms of operation performed by Lt and the portions of store R on which they are to be performed are defined by codes and addresses in store M. The results of these operations form a character code used to identify the character, and indicate for example the presence or absence of concavitites at the top, middle, or bottom of the character when viewed from particular directions. If a character code presents a possible ambiguity, as between a 7 and a 1 further processing may be necessary (not described). When a character includes flourishes, e.g. as in Fig. 15, additional composite scans may be required. These may be rectangular spirals B3, B4 as shown. The residual shadows will have no common area in the Fig. 3, but do in the 8 so that these figures can be distinguished.
Patent GB-483566-A (GB)
Title: Improved fluxes and flux-coated electrodes for electric welding
IPC: B23K35/04
Filed: 1936-10-19
Abstract: A welding-flux which can be used as a coating on an electrode comprises one or more mineral silicates, such as felspar or plastic clay, ilmenite, and titanium dioxide, either as such or in the form of rutile, the ilmenite and titanium dioxide constituting 45-60 per cent of the whole mixture.  The flux may also contain one or more of calcium carbonate, ferromanganese, and starch; for example it may contain 10-17 per cent of felspar, 3-8 per cent of plastic clay, 10-15 per cent of titanium dioxide, 35-45 per cent of ilmenite, 0-5 per cent of ferromanganese, 20-25 per cent of calcium carbonate, and 0-3 per cent of starch.  When applied as a coating to a welding electrode, a binder such as sodium silicate is used.  A white asbestos yarn, with or without a fine iron wire, may be spun on the electrode, and the flux then applied between the spires of the overspun yarn.  Alternatively, asbestos in powder or fibrous form may be added to the flux and the flux applied to the electrode by extrusion.
Patent GB-681645-A (GB)
Title: Improvements relating to the springing of vehicles
IPC: C08G73/04
Filed: 1950-11-21
Abstract: 681,645. Preventing lateral canting; spring suspensions; torsion springs. DAIMLERBENZ AKT.-GES. Nov. 21, 1950 [Feb. 22, 1949], No. 28458/50. Classes 108 (ii) and 108 (iii). A vehicle spring system comprises auxiliary spring means adapted for resisting not only oppositely directed up or down movements of the wheels of an axle, but also equal similarly directed up and down movements when these latter involve an excessive deflection of the main springs. In the arrangement shown in Fig. 1, in which a rigid axle 7 is suspended from a frame by coil springs 10 and in which the axle is also connected to the frame by thrust bracings 8, a torsion bar stabilizer 11 is pivotally connected to each end of the axle and is formed at its mid point with an arm 14 which engages in a slot 15 in a transverse frame member, the upper and lower surfaces of the slot serving as stops for arresting turning movement of the arm 14 during excessive vertical movements of the axle 7. In a modification, Figs. 2 and 3, the torsion bar is divided into two halves 18, 19 the abutting ends of which are bent through 90 degrees and are clamped in a two-part coupling 21 having abutment surfaces 21<1>, 21<11>, which co-act with rubber cushions 22, 23 and 24, 25. Each pair of cushions is arranged in bridge pieces 26<11> and 27<11> connected between corresponding pairs of levers 26<1> and 271 which are pivotally mounted concentrically with the torsion rod halves 18, 19. Adjusting screws 33 on a frame member 29, permit adjustment of both levers relative to-the bearing surfaces 21<1> and 21<11>. The arrangement may be such that the rubber cushions may.become effective as stops, in succession. Also each of the cushions may be individually adjustable. The invention is applicable to independent wheel suspensions. Springs other than coil springs may be used and may comprise springs which respond substantially to similarly directed movements only of the wheels.
Patent GB-1464279-A (GB)
Title: Process for the manufacture of free-flowing pulverulent rubber- filler mixtures
IPC: C08C2/06
Filed: 1974-06-27
Abstract: 1464279 Free-flowing pulverulent rubberfiller mixture CHEMISCHE WERKE HULS AG 27 June 1974 [28 June 1973] 28488/74 Heading C3P A process for the manufacture of a freeflowing pulverulent rubber-filler mixture by emulsifying a viscous rubber solution in water containing an emulsifier, mixing the aqueous emulsion with an aqueous dispersion of a solid filler to give a stable mixture which can be stored, introducing the stable mixture into acid water whereby the rubber-filler mixture is precipitated and the rubber solvent is simultaneously distilled off, the pH value being between 0À1 and 7 during the whole precipitation process, separating the precipitated, finely divided rubber-filler mixture from water and drying the rubber-filler mixture, is characterized in that an ionic water-soluble polymeric colloid is added to the emulsifier before, during, or after mixing with the viscous rubber solution and pH value of the mixture thus obtained is adjusted to 7 to 14. The viscous rubber solution and/or the aqueous dispersion of the solid filler may contain plasticizer oil. Preferred ionic water-soluble polymeric colloids are sodium polyacrylates having a molecular weight of 100,000 to 2,000,000, and may be used in an amount 0À001-0À5% by weight relative to the rubber solution. The sodium polyacrylate is preferably added to the water containing an emulsifier before mixing with the rubber solution. Preferred rubbers are polybutadienes obtained by adiabatic lithium polymerization, EPM or EPDM rubbers, or copolymers of butadiene and styrene. Preferred fillers are carbon blacks and silica. The acidified water may contain an alkali metal silicate. Preferred emulsifiers are alkylamine oxyalkylates of the general formula R 1 N(R 2 O) x H(R 3 O) y H wherein R, is alkyl or alkenyl (C 1-20 ), R 2  and R 3  are ethylene or propylene and X and Y are 1 to 80, suitably lauryl, myristyl, cetyl, stearyl and oleyl amineoxyethylates used in amounts 0À05-2À0% by weight relative to the rubber solution. In Example 1 an aqueous emulsion of polybutadiene, having specified trans 1,4, cis 1,4 and vinyl group contents, emulsified in the presence of sodium polyacrylate and laurylamine-oxyethylate (x + y = 12) and having its pH adjusted to 12 is mixed with carbon black and the resaltant mixture treated with acidified water (pH 1À8-2À3) containing sodium silicate, whilst in Examples 2 and 5 aqueous emulsions of a styrene-butadiene copolymer and polybutadiene respectively emulsified again in the presence of sodium polyacrylate and laurylamine oxyethylate (x + y = 12) and having their pH adjusted to about 12 are mixed with an aqueous dispersion of carbon black and plasticizer oil in the presence of laurylamine oxyethylate and the mixture as before treated with acidified water containing sodium silicate.
Patent GB-1248310-A (GB)
Title: A method of size-enlarging powdered comestibles and powdered beverage extracts
Inventor: WULLENWEBER HEINZ
IPC: A23P10/20
Filed: 1969-06-05
Abstract: 1,248,310. Agglomerating. METALLGESELLSCHAFT A.G. 5 June, 1969 [5 June, 1968], No. 28493/69. Heading A2E. Powdered comestibles or beverage extracts, for example coffee, tea, drinking chocolate, and milk, are agglomerated by spraying the powder with a finely divided liquid on an upwardly travelling inclined surface to form particles which roll down the surface and agglomerate, and thereafter drying the agglomerates. The surface may be provided by an inclined conveyor belt or a flat tray rotating about an inclined axis.
Patent GB-419983-A (GB)
Title: Perforated cards for use in connection with statistical machines
IPC: G06K19/04
Filed: 1933-10-16
Abstract: 419,983. Statistical apparatus. COMPAGNIE DES MACHINES BULL, (formerly SOC. H. W. E. BULL), 92<bis>, Avenue Gambetta, Paris. Oct. 16, 1933, No. 28581. Convention date, Oct. 15, 1932. [Class 106 (i).] Statistical cards.-A perforated statistical card, for use in a machine employing electric card-hole reading brushes, has perforations which are square or substantially square and in which the height of a perforation measured in the direction of a column is less than the pitch distance between two successive perforation positions in the same card column. The card may be divided into two parts a and b as shown in Fig. 3. When a hole is read by a brush 2, Fig. 7, for that column, a circuit 4 energizes the corresponding magnet 5, the armature 6 of which releases a lever 7 pivoted at 9. This lever carries the numeral drum 15 and a wheel 10, which latter is now rocked into mesh with a pinion 11. Shaft 12 carrying the wheel 11 is rotated in synchronism with the card reading and wheel 10 is enmeshed with wheel 11 at such a time as will add the correct number to wheel 10 and drum 15. Cam 17 subsequently meets lug 18 on lever 7 to restore the latter counter-clockwise. Specification 194,832, [Class 106 (i)], is referred to. The matter punched in a card as in Fig. 4 is printed by mechanism similar to that described in Specification 408,805. Specifications 380,472; 380,474, and 397,051, [both in Group XVI], also are referred to. The Specification as open to inspection under Sect. 91 states also that the holes may be rectangular, round, or oval and that the height of a perforation along the column may be equal to the pitch distance between two successive hole positions in the same column. This subject-matter does not appear in the Specification as accepted.
Patent GB-1535030-A (GB)
Title: Sealing strips of extruded rubber
IPC: B60J10/15
Filed: 1976-03-31
Abstract: 1535030 Glass runs METZELER KAUTSCHUK AG 31 March 1976 [7 April 1975] 28605/78 Divided out of 1533280 Heading E1J A glass run comprises an extruded foundation body 32 with side lobes 38 formed of rubber of Shore hardness 95-100 to which are attached two extruded guide members 33 formed of soft rubber of Shore hardness 40-80 which extend generally towards each other; the surfaces 33 and 36 are textured, flocked or fabric covered. Retention ribs 35 of soft rubber are provided. The glass run may be produced by a dual extrusion process followed by electrostatic flocking.
Patent GB-1431219-A (GB)
Title: Cable shoes
IPC: H01R4/62
Filed: 1973-06-15
Abstract: 1431219 Electric connector CURT WINEMAR AB 15 June 1973 [7 July 1972] 28674/73 Heading H2E To connect an Al cable to a Cu bus-bar 1, connector 2 comprises cylindrical At part 2a accepting the cable in bore 2b, and square section Cu part 2c connected to bus-bar 1 by bolt 3, the two parts of the connector being friction welded at 2e, the area of cross-section of junction 2e being equal to the adjacent cross-section 2d. The hole 2f may be tapped or preferably enlarged 2g to hold a tight-fitting steel nut 4, optionally held in place by further deformation of part 2c. Alternatively part 2c may have a threaded extension to function as a bolt carrying a nut on the far side of bus-bar 1.
Patent GB-649753-A (GB)
Title: Improvements relating to track braking devices
IPC: B61K7/08
Filed: 1948-11-04
Abstract: 649,753. Track brake. KUBALE, J. C., and METROPOLITAN - VICKERS - GRS., Ltd. Nov. 4, 1948, No. 28710. [Class 103 (i)] In a track-braking device of the type in which a pair of longitudinal brake beams 3 are pressed into engagement with the opposite sides of a vehicle wheel 2, the brake beams 3 are carried each on one or more substantially vertical pivots 5 mounted at the ends of twoarmed levers 8 fulcrumed intermediately for rocking about axes 9 which are substantially parallel with the track rail, the other ends of said levers having associated with them means, such as the hydraulic piston and cylinder 14, whereby force can be applied to move the brake beams 3 into engagement with the wheel 1. A spring 12 acting through a link having an adjuster 13 and pin-and-slot connection to one of the levers 8 releases the brake. Alternatively the beams may be spring applied, and released by power means. Brackets A secured to the brake beams 3 transmit the longitudinal thrust therein to rollers A1 mounted on an I-beam 11 below the rail 1, thereby relieving the levers 8 of this force. Preferably the beams 3 have renewable shoes 4.
Patent GB-820414-A (GB)
Title: Street or like lighting fittings
Inventor: FELTON FREDERICK DUDLEY
IPC: F21V17/00
Filed: 1956-09-20
Abstract: 820,414. Ground anchors. REVO ELECTRIC CO. Ltd. Sept. 17, 1957 [Sept. 20, 1956], No. 28750/56. Class 45. [Also in Group X] A lighting fitting comprises a housing 3 for mounting in the ground and having a socket to receive the root of a standard 14 and a body part 6 disposed in the housing and being removable therefrom through an opening closed by a top cover 10. The body part carries the control apparatus for the standard fed by electric cables passing through an opening 4 in the housing. The top cover 10 of the housing is sealed by a gasket 12 and screws 11, there being a further detachable cover 13. The standard is sealed in position by a clamping ring 18 and gasket 17.
Patent GB-509921-A (GB)
Title: Improvements in or relating to portable official telegraphy apparatus
IPC: H04L13/02
Filed: 1937-10-21
Abstract: 509,921. Self-contained supply systems. MARELLI & CO., SOC. ANON., E. Oct. 21, 1937, No. 28764. Void. Convention date, Nov, 7, 1936. [Class 38 (iv)] [Also in Group XIV] A portable apparatus for optical signalling includes a generator driven by hand, a storage battery, a supporting trestle with seat 2 for the operator, a switch for controlling the connections between the generator, battery &c, a voltmeter, a voltage limiter and a signal lamp. The trestle has folding legs 5, 6 and may be folded compactly close to the casing enclosing the dynamo, battery &c. The manner in which the apparatus functions has not been clearly described.
Patent GB-244729-A (GB)
Title: Improvements in tool-retaining devices for pneumatic hammers or like appliances
IPC: B25D17/08
Filed: 1925-11-16
Abstract: 244,729. Chicago Pneumatic Tool Co., (Assignees of Stevens, E. W.). Dec. 17, 1924, [Convention date]. Percussive tools.-A toolretaining sleeve 4 is held by spring-pressed latches 6 which engage recesses a<1> in the cylinder and are released therefrom by rotating the sleeve on the cylinder, which rotation is normally prevented by an additional locking device such as a spring ring 12 with an inturned end 11 taking into a suitable recess. The spring ring is removed by pushing a nail into a notch 15 under the ring.
Patent GB-192468-A (GB)
Title: Improvements in or relating to apparatus for steam and other power-cultivation of land
IPC: A01B3/68
Filed: 1921-11-01
Abstract: 192,468. Budd, A. G. B. Nov. 1, 1921. Steam and other power cultivation.-In apparatus for those systems wherein the plough or other implement is attached to a virtually endless cable extending between a twodrum winding-engine and a wheeled anchor carriage, means are provided for coupling the wheels of the anchor carriage to the pulley around which the haulage cable passes, so that motion may be transmitted from the pulley to the wheels irrespective of the direction in which the cable is moving, and for indicating to the engine-driver the position of the implement as it approaches the anchor. Fig. 2 shows a winding- engine which may be used. It consists of a tractor provided with two drums 12, 13 freely mounted on a transverse shaft, the drum 12 being larger than the drum 13. The drums may be driven independently through pinions 15, 16 on a splined shaft 17 which is driven by bevel gearing 18 and chain gearing 19. The ends of the cable pass round guide pulleys 27, 28 and are attached to the two drums 12, 13. The travelling wheels may be driven through a pinion 22 on the shaft 17 and a gear wheel 23 on the rear axle. A power-driven pump may be provided for filling the ballast tanks of the anchor carriage. Fig. 4 shows the anchor carriage, which is provided with guide pulleys 24, 25 for the cable. It may be steered by means of a hand-wheel 42 and detachable chains fastened to the front axle. The guide pulley 24 is connected with the rear axle through bevel gearing 30, 31, a shaft 32, a doublecone friction clutch, a shaft 35, bevel reversing gearing 36, 37, 38, a countershaft 48, a pinion 39, and differential gearing. When the movable member 34 of the clutch is moved rearwardly to disengage the drive it engages a fixed counterpart 40 and acts a brake. It is controlled by a bandwheel 41. The pinions 36, 38 of the reversing gearing are moved by a lever which may be set in a neutral position. By these means the anchor carriage may be moved into position for commencing operations in the field, and then moved forward step by step as ploughing proceeds. Fig. 6 shows a clamping-member 45 which is adjustably attached to the return part of the cable in such a positon as to approach the engine as the implement approaches the anchor carriage, so as to indicate the position of the implement to the tractor driver. The member 45 consists of two parts fastened together by bolts 46. Cross-pieces 47 inserted in slots bear directly on the cable. Another clamp may be attached to the cable in front of the plough to operate a trip lever and apply a brake to the guide pulleys 24, 25 if the plough approaches too closely to the anchor. According to the Provisional Specifications, the drum shaft of the winding-engine and the braking, reversing, disconnecting, and steering mechanisms of the anchor carriage may be differently arranged, and the anchor carriage provided with a single guide pulley or cable drum.
Patent GB-617777-A (GB)
Title: Improvements in or relating to crates
IPC: B65D85/30
Filed: 1945-11-01
Abstract: 617,777. Crates. FISHER & LUDLOW, Ltd., and MASON, G. W. Nov. 1, 1945, Nos. 29008 and 31731. [Class 18] A crate comprises a sheet metal blank pressed to form a shallow channel which is bent into U-shape with the flanges of the channel directed inwardly to provide a base 10 and end walls 12, the end walls being connected at the top by longitudinal tie members 18. The flanges 11 on the base and ends are welded together or otherwise connected where they overlap 13. Handholes 15 are formed in the end walls and a U-shaped pressing 16 is secured to the flanges 11 of the base 10 to form an additional handle in the centre of the crate. The edges of the handholes 15 and the pressing 16 are curled inwards to provide convenient grips. Fixed to the end walls 12 and to the handle 16 is a flanged diaphragm 20 having rows of circular openings 22 to receive the contents of the crate. Downwardly extending tongues 24 prevent tilting of the contents, these tongues being stiffened with embossed ribs 23. Metal guides 25 are provided on one side of the crate to hold a label. The base of the crate may be flat or slightly concave downwards. A lid 26 may be provided having recessed ends 27 and a central opening corresponding to the positions of the handholes 15 and to the central handle 16. The flanges of the lid 28 fit over the top of the crate, the lid being secured by wire bands passing through holes 33 and into recesses 34. The crate has a shallow downwardly extending portion or portions on the base which fits within the open top of a crate beneath it or within a depression 36 on the lid of a lower crate. The base and lid may be stiffened by ribs 29 and 30 and lightening holes 31 and 32 may he provided in the ends and base. Specification 617,861 is referred to.
Patent GB-1432469-A (GB)
Title: Garment hanger
IPC: A47G25/62
Filed: 1973-06-20
Abstract: 1432469 Clothes hangers G PASQUIER 20 June 1973 [21 June 1972] 29261/73 Heading A4U A skirt or trouser hanger comprises a body 1 having a hook 4 and arms 2, 3 for engaging trousers or inside the waistband of a skirt and projections 9, 10 for preventing upward sliding movement of the trousers or skirt. The hanger is an integral moulding of impact polystyrene whereby it can be resiliently flexed.
Patent GB-1421267-A (GB)
Title: Air filterin apparatus
IPC: F24F8/80
Filed: 1973-06-20
Abstract: 1421267 Air filtering DRAGERWERK AG 20 June 1973 [21 June 1972] 29401/73 Addition to 1382820 Heading BIT [Also in Division F4] An annular pleated air filter 3a with axially extending fold lines is internally irradiated by an ultra-violet irradiator 5 extending along the axis of the filter to kill bacteria and germs trapped on the filter. Fig. 1 shows several filters working in parallel in a common housing. UV source(s) 5 may be a single tube convoluted to extend into a plurality of filters, or a plurality of tubes and may be switched on intermittently. Access to allow change of elements is provided by cover 14. A downstream absorber to remove ozone may be provided.