baber/WOPTO huggingface dataset:
Patent RU-2066633-C1 (RU)
Title: Method for wood cutting
Inventor: NEDYALKU VASILIJ D
IPC: B27M1/06
Filed: 1992-05-21
Granted: 1996-09-20
Abstract: FIELD: wood-working industry; cutting of volume ornament on wood by heated wire. SUBSTANCE: method for wood cutting consists in cutting volume ornament on wood by heated wire and templet, with one end of wire not attached but provided with a weight, and angle between direction of wire movement and wood with templet is less than 90 deg. EFFECT: higher efficiency. 1 dwg
Patent RU-2058555-C1 (RU)
Title: Method for diagnosis of stable form of hypertensive disease in juveniles
Inventor: ZANOZDRA NIKOLAJ STEPANOVICH
IPC: G01N33/74
Filed: 1992-06-15
Granted: 1996-04-20
Abstract: FIELD: medicine. SUBSTANCE: method for diagnosis of stable form of hypertensive disease in juveniles includes pulpating of nipple region, determination of the content of testosterone and estradiol in blood serum, calculation of the ratio between the first and the second parameters, measurement of arterial pressure in dynamic, and, if the first parameter-to-the second parameter ratio is less than 90 and gynecomastia is detected, and arterial pressure exceeds 140/90 mm Hg, stable form of hypertensive disease is prognosticated. EFFECT: higher efficiency. 2 tbl
Patent RU-2073799-C1 (RU)
Title: Method and device for control of machine with hydraulic-operated brakes
Inventor: GADZHIMURADOV ISIN M
IPC: F15B11/00
Filed: 1992-06-22
Granted: 1997-02-20
Abstract: FIELD: mechanical engineering; hydraulic drives. SUBSTANCE: method consists in converting the kinetic energy into pressure of liquid in high-pressure line and draining it into low-pressure line; high pressure changes in proportion with control force and is used in line of hydraulic cylinders of wheel brakes. One brake may be used as booster for other brakes. EFFECT: enhanced reliability. 3 cl, 4 dwg
Patent RU-2026339-C1 (RU)
Title: Aromatic principle composition
Inventor: GERCHIKOV ILYA Z
IPC: C11B9/00
Filed: 1992-09-22
Granted: 1995-01-09
Abstract: FIELD: perfumery industry. SUBSTANCE: composition of aromatic principles has benzylsalicylate, 1% infusion of castoreum, 10% spirituous solution of fler-de-orange, coriander essential oil (fraction I), bergamot substituent, vanillin, 1% spirituous solution of cinnamic aldehyde, 5% infusions of CO 2 -extract of black bitter pepper, galbanum resinoid and benzoic resin, isoeugenol, muscodrom, moshus P-1, 20% spirituous solution of jasmine absolu (standard), santalol A, gedione, 15% spirituous solution of mignonette (Reseda) and composition "Kassis 345" in the form of 10% spirituous solution, "Ambria 1", "Sivet artificial" in the form of 1.2% infusion, "Ilang-ilang 4" in the form 5% spirituous solution, "Tuberosa-75" in the form of 1% spirituous solution, "Pachuli 96" in the form of 25% spirituous solution, "Madmuasel 100728" and "Black Magic 28117" at the definite ratios. EFFECT: enhanced quality of composition. 1 tbl
Patent DE-10049243-C1 (DE)
Title: Production of foamed panels, for insulating buildings, comprises molding recesses for klinker bricks in the panels during their production
Inventor: DAVID RICHARD
IPC: E04F13/08
Filed: 2000-09-28
Granted: 2001-10-31
Abstract: Production of foamed panels (1) for insulating buildings (6), comprises molding recesses (5) for klinker bricks (2) in the panels during their production. An independent claim is included for the panel.
Patent DE-10102307-C1 (DE)
Title: Lamp testing circuit for AC LED elements has capacitor inserted in test current circuit for each light element upon operation of test button
Inventor: WOLFF BERND
IPC: H05B37/03
Filed: 2001-01-19
Granted: 2002-05-23
Abstract: The lamp testing circuit has a test button (Sp) operated for closing a test current path (10) for an AC LED light element (H1,H2,H3), with a parallel current path containing a capacitor (C1,C2,C3) opened by operation of the test button, so that the capacitor is connected in the test current path for preventing voltage feedback. The capacitor can be integrated in the socket of the AC LED light element.
Patent DE-10136496-C1 (DE)
Title: Air permeable pile carpet floor covering is backed by a latex layer, with displaced zones formed in the latex by a blower before drying to give local permeability
Inventor: FEHL HANS
IPC: D06N3/00
Filed: 2001-07-27
Granted: 2003-02-06
Abstract: To produce an air-permeable carpet floor covering, with the pile fibers anchored in a backing, the carrier material (4) with the pile fibers (5) is initially coated with a latex layer (8) as the backing. A blower (20) is directed at the latex coating before the carpet (2) is dried and the piles are bonded, to give local latex displacement zones for permeability. The carpet is finally passed through a drying station (26) to bond and dry the latex backing.
Patent DE-10137506-C1 (DE)
Title: Schaltkontaktanordnung für einen elektrischen Schalter
Inventor: GODESA LUDVIK
IPC: H01H11/00
Filed: 2001-07-26
Granted: 2002-08-08
Abstract: Die Erfindung bezieht sich auf eine Schaltkontaktanordnung für einen elektrischen Schalter, die aus einem feststehenden Kontakt 5 und einem an einem Kontaktträger gelagerten und relativ zu diesem schwenkbaren bewegbaren Kontakt 6 besteht, und bei der der Kontaktträger 8 zum Schließen der Kontakte 5 und 6 aus einer AUS-Stellung und eine EIN-Stellung überführbar ist, wobei der bewegbare Kontakt 6, dem eine Kontaktkraftfeder 16 zugeordnet ist, bei geschlossenen Kontakten in einer ersten Ruheposition relativ zu dem Kontaktträger gehalten ist. DOLLAR A Um die Schaltkontaktanordnung mit einem Mechanismus zum strombegrenzenden Öffnen der Kontakte zu versehen, bei dem der bewegbare Kontakt 6 unabhängig von der Größe der Kontaktkraft der Kontaktkraftfedern 16 bei in EIN-Stellung verbleibenden Kontaktträger sicher in eine zweite Ruheposition schwenkbar ist, stützt sich die Kontaktkraftfeder 16 über ein Druckstück 23 an dem Kontaktträger 8 ab, wobei das Druckstück an den bewegbaren Kontakt angekoppelt ist und der Kontaktträger und das Druckstück korrespondierende Arbeitsflächen 27, 28; 29, 30, 31 aufweisen, die den bewegbaren Kontakt 6 in der zweiten Ruheposition selbsthemmend fixieren.
Patent DE-19538178-C1 (DE)
Title: Damper plate inside pipe has perforated sectors separated from each
Inventor: KOETTER ERWIN W
IPC: F16L55/027
Filed: 1995-10-13
Granted: 1997-03-20
Abstract: The plate comprises perforated (2) and unperforated (3) sectors, the former being separated from each other. The sum of the perforated sectors can be an odd number, while they can be of the same surface area as the unperforated ones. The ratio between the sum of the cross-sectional areas of the perforations and the surface area of a perforated sector can be between 0.1 and 60%. The perforated sectors can be in line with each other, as can the unperforated ones. The sectors can all extend in the radial direction.
Patent DE-19545290-C1 (DE)
Title: Prepn. of free-flowing solid mixt. of calcium fluoride and calcium sulphate
Inventor: BLUDSUS WALTER DIPL CHEM DR
IPC: C01F11/22
Filed: 1995-12-05
Granted: 1997-03-20
Abstract: A free-flowing solid mixt. of CaF2/CaSO4 and NH3 is prepd. from separate solns. of NH4F and (NH4)2SO4 by (a) combining the two solns., (b) adding more than the stoichiometric amt. of a Ca(OH)2 suspension, (c) filtering off the solid formed and neutralising with mineral acid and (d) separating by filtration and (e) comminution.
Patent DE-19617561-C1 (DE)
Title: Adjustable telescopic automotive steering column
Inventor: PATZELT HELMUT ING GRAD
IPC: B62D1/19
Filed: 1996-05-02
Granted: 1997-09-25
Abstract: The column is adjustable in the lengthwise direction, and is held by a locking device (4) in the desired setting. The adjustment is independently locked by a separate component (14) if a collision occurs. This component can be moved into the working position by centrifugal force, and can be movably mounted on the telescopic portion (2) or fixed to the bodywork.  It can be movable against spring action, and can be formed by a sliding wedge (15) or ball. Alternatively it can consist of a hinging jaw, or of a sheet-metal strip moved into the locking position by a sliding weight. It can be in frictional contact with the adjustable telescopic section.
Patent DE-19630898-C1 (DE)
Title: Method for optional formation of hole in outer skin of vehicle bodywork
Inventor: BRAUN KARL-HEINZ
IPC: B62D25/24
Filed: 1996-08-01
Granted: 1997-08-07
Abstract: In the outer skin (1) of the vehicle bodywork at the position for the optional hole, an outwardly direction burl or hat-shaped protrusion (3) is formed, which in position, size and cross-section corresponds to the hole to be made. The protrusion is then sawn from the outside with a saw cut parallel to the outer skin and at a tight distance to it. The formation of the protrusion is approximately to a depth which corresponds to three times the thickness of the outer skin.
Patent DE-19631556-C1 (DE)
Title: Airbag module with inflatable gas bag and inflator
Inventor: EWERT HELGE DIPL ING
IPC: B60R21/16
Filed: 1996-07-26
Granted: 1998-02-05
Abstract: The guide hose (5) has at least one aperture (8) for the exit of the airbag (3). It consists of elastically or plastically deformable material. The guide hose at one end is connected with the air bag module (1) or with the airbag. The opening for the exit of the airbag is closed in the rest state by a seam point (9) which opens under a specific tension. The seam point is closed by covering, folding, stitching or adhesion of the guide hose material. The guide hose in the stretched position has a smaller cross-section than the inflated section of the airbag outside the guide hose. The guide hose in the inflated state of the airbag has a constant cross-section in the direction of the occupants of the vehicle.
Patent DE-19703580-C1 (DE)
Title: Tent with single- or multi-walled tent strip held by rod
Inventor: DEWITZ ALBRECHT VON
IPC: E04H15/14
Filed: 1997-01-31
Granted: 1998-06-04
Abstract: The air-permeable sections (11) are connectable with the inner space (10) of the tent (1). They are formed by a perforation machined into the rod channel (3) or by a net tissue (12) inserted into the channel. They are covered completely or partly in a longitudinal direction by a hood (13) fixed on both sides of the channel to the tent strip (2) and arranged with lateral clearance to the rod channel. The air-permeable section of the rod channel is completely or partly closable by a rip or hook and pile fastener type closure (16). This is arranged preferably at the level of a seam (5) locking the tent strip and operable by a draw cord or press-buttons.
Patent DE-19715913-C1 (DE)
Inventor: REITER KLAUS
IPC: H01H50/28
Filed: 1997-04-16
Granted: 1998-10-08
Abstract: The relay has a magnetic system (1) provided by a wound coil carrier (2), an axial L-shaped core (3) and a L-shaped armature (4), fitted to an insulating base (6), provided with projecting terminal pins (63,64) on its underside and fixed and movable relay contacts (61,62). The transverse arm of the armature is secured at its free end to the longitudinal arm of the core, the armature supported by a U-shaped armature spring (5) with one arm secured to the longitudinal arm of the armature, its other arm fitting between the coil carrier and the core. The movable contacts are operated via a slider (7) coupled to the armature.
Patent DE-19735624-C1 (DE)
Title: Method of inductive transfer of electrical power to several moving loads
Inventor: SEELIG ANTON
IPC: H02J5/00
Filed: 1997-08-18
Granted: 1998-12-10
Abstract: The method transfers power from a medium frequency current source to moving loads via an elongated transmission line and inductive pick-ups (IAX,IAY) associated with the moving loads, current rectifier elements and buffers. The transmission line is supplied with a medium frequency current of constant effective value during power transfer. The output voltage (UL) of the current source is continuously adjusted during a maximum setting time, which only lasts for a few half periods of the medium frequency, to a value corresp. to the variable total power input to the transmission line. Each current rectifier element switched between the buffer and the pick-up adjusts the mean power acquired from the transmission line and passed to the buffer within a time greater than the power supply setting time, continuously and with a limited rate of change.
Patent DE-19802139-C1 (DE)
Inventor: ROEMISCH JUERGEN
IPC: C07K16/40
Filed: 1998-01-22
Granted: 1999-09-23
Abstract: A monoclonal antibody which binds specifically to activated factor VII, but does not bind to factor VII and activated factor VII complexed with antithrombin III, is new. An Independent claim is also included for a method for removing activated factor VII.
Patent DE-19856229-C1 (DE)
Title: Verfahren zur Bestimmung von biologischen Langzeitwirkungen von Stoffen und Kit zur Durchführung des Verfahrens
Inventor: ZELLER JENS
IPC: G01N33/50
Filed: 1998-12-04
Granted: 2000-08-31
Abstract: Die Abschätzung der Langzeitwirkungen von Stoffen auf den tierischen oder menschlichen Organismus war bislang schwierig und z. B. mit Tierversuchen verbunden. Die vorliegende Erfindung stellt ein Verfahren zur Bestimmung von biologischen Langzeitwirkungen eines Stoffes, die von seiner Löslichkeit abhängen, mit folgenden Schritten bereit: A) Mischen einer vorbestimmten Menge des Stoffes mit einem Volumen eines Mediums für eine erste vorbestimmte Zeit zur Bildung einer ersten Probe; B) Mischen einer vorbestimmten Menge des Stoffes mit zumindest einem zweiten Volumen des Mediums für zumindest eine zweite vorbestimmte Zeit zur Bildung zumindest einer zweiten Probe; C) Zugeben der Proben zu Ansätzen geeigneter Zellen zum Hervorrufen von mit der biologischen Wirkung korrellierten, messtechnisch erfassbaren Reaktionen der Zellen; D) Messen der hervorgerufenen Reaktionen der Zellen; E) Vergleichen der Reaktionen zur Abschätzung der biologischen Langzeitwirkung in Abhängigkeit von der Löslichkeit des Stoffes. Das Verfahren ermöglicht die Abschätzung der Langzeitauswirkung von Stoffen auf Organismen durch In-vitro-Versuche. Es ist einfach, preisgünstig, schnell und ethisch unbedenklich durchführbar.
Patent DE-19906912-C1 (DE)
Title: Roll-over protection system for automobile has seat headrest acting as over-roll protection profile deployed upon crash for protecting seat passenger
Inventor: SCHULTE MICHAEL
IPC: B60N2/809
Filed: 1999-02-19
Granted: 2000-04-13
Abstract: The roll-over protection system is associated with each automobile passenger seat, with a casing profile (1) housing the components of the over-roll protection system used for deployment of an over-roll protection profile (2) in the case of an accident via a rapid deployment drive (14). The over-roll protection profile normally acts as the seat headrest (5) adjusted via an electric motor (7) and a gearing with a threaded spindle carrying a threaded nut attached to a traverse (4), which is releasably attached to the over-roll protection profile.
Patent DE-19941342-C1 (DE)
Title: IC device with incorrect polarity protection
Inventor: TIHANYI JENOE
IPC: H02H11/00
Filed: 1999-08-31
Granted: 2001-01-25
Abstract: The IC device has at least one FET element (13) formed in one main surface (I) of a semiconductor substrate (1), which is provided with a supply potential terminal (7) at the opposite main surface (II). The first substrate surface is provided with a region (3b) of opposite conductivity type to the substrate containing a zone (4) with the same conductivity type as the substrate, acting as a parasitic bipolar transistor coupled to a current source (9), which provides a current in response to an incorrect supply potential polarity.
Patent RU-2019531-C1 (RU)
Title: Raw mix for producing porous filler
Inventor: ALEKSANDROV SERGEJ E
IPC: C04B18/04
Filed: 1992-10-22
Granted: 1994-09-15
Abstract: FIELD: manufacture of building materials. SUBSTANCE: the raw mix for producing a porous filler comprises (wt %): 68.5-73.9 silica rock from the group consisting of tripolite, diatomite and opoka; 26.1-31.5 a waste product in the form of an aqueous solution filtered during the preparation of a skeleton-nickel catalyst comprising sodium aluminate. The characteristic of the filler: the bulk density 300-500 kg/m 3 ; the strength 1.5-4.8 MPa. EFFECT: improved properties of the raw mix. 2 tbl
Patent RU-2081159-C1 (RU)
Title: Component composition for balsam
Inventor: SERGIENKO NIKOLAJ N
IPC: C12G3/06
Filed: 1992-11-03
Granted: 1997-06-10
Abstract: FIELD: liqueur and vodka industry. SUBSTANCE: balsam has the following components, kg/1000 dal ready product: immortelle flowers and leaves 3.8-4.2; marjoram flowering stem tips 3.8-4.2; Saint-John's-wort flowers and leaves 2.8-3.2; willow-herb flowers and leaves 2.8-3.2; catnip flowering tips 2.8-3.2; linden flowers 0.8-1.2; peppermint leaves 3.8-4.2; lungwort flowers and leaves 1.8-2.2; motherwort leaves and stem tips 0.3-0.6; wheat-grass rhizome 2.8-3.2; matricary flower heads 1.8-2.2; celery roots, stems and leaves 0.8-1.2; horse-tail above ground part 0.3-0.6; violet tricolor herb 0.2-0.4; birch buds 1.8-2.2; poplar buds 0.3-0.6; pine coniferous needles 2.8-3.2; hop compound fruits and cones 0.8-1.2; juniper cypress cones 1.8-2.2; valerian rhizome and herb 0.3-0.5; clove unopened flower buds 0.8-1.2; ginger rhizome 1.8-2.2; tormentil rhizome 2.8-3.2; coriander fruits 3.8-4.2; cinnamon bark 0.3-0.6; rosewort roots 1.8-2.2; licorice rhizomes 0.3-0.6; caraway fruits 0.8-1.2; dill fruits 0.3-0.6; natural honey 180-210; black currant fresh leaves 5.4-5.5; vanillin 0.9-1.2 and also, l/100 dal: apple alcoholized juice 900-1100; mountain ash fruit juice 400-600; rowan melanocarpous fruit juice 450-550; bird cherry fruit juice 400-600; rose fruit juice 200-300; haw-thorn fruit juice 90-150; sugar syrup 600-700; and aqueous-spirituous liquid, the balance. EFFECT: enhanced quality of balsam. 2 tbl
Patent RU-2036816-C1 (RU)
Title: Vehicle track chain
Inventor: SHISHKIN ARKADIJ M
IPC: B62D55/20
Filed: 1992-11-11
Granted: 1995-06-09
Abstract: FIELD: transport engineering. SUBSTANCE: track chain has links 1 series-connected by pins 2 and bushings 3, and shoes 4 connected to links by bolts 5 and nuts 6. Owing to increased pitch 1 in link 1, upper part of port for nut is made in circumference with radius R=(0.75-0.8) 1. Transient portion between straight portion of port and circumference with radius R is made with radius r=(0.3 - 0.35) 1 which made it possible to remove stress concentrators in critical section. Side surface of link is made with bevel at angle of α equal to 9-12 degrees. EFFECT: enhanced reliability of operation.
Patent RU-2105975-C1 (RU)
Title: Method of assay of peripheral blood phagocytic activity
Inventor: DEDOVA T G
IPC: G01N33/48
Filed: 1992-11-30
Granted: 1998-02-27
Abstract: FIELD: medicine, immunology. SUBSTANCE: method involves blood taking off where indicator particles are added followed by incubation and result recording. Phagocytosis reaction is carried out using the whole blood (drop) and latex particles are used as indicator ones. EFFECT: decreased cost of analysis, simplified method, availability.
Patent RU-2045592-C1 (RU)
Title: Method of cleaning of product made of fibrous material
Inventor: ZAKHAROVA IRINA MIKHAJLOVNA
IPC: D06C29/00
Filed: 1992-12-02
Granted: 1995-10-10
Abstract: FIELD: light industry. SUBSTANCE: method consists in removal of projecting fibres and denuders from the product surface. Product is preliminarily dried to a moisture content of 6 to 12% cooled down to 88 to 200 C, kept at this temperature for 3 to 10 S, then fibres and denuders are removed by carding-off with a stiff hair brush having the ambient temperature. EFFECT: facilitated procedure.
Patent RU-2043807-C1 (RU)
Title: Method of shaping cylindrical parts
Inventor: VOLCHKOV BORIS G
IPC: B21D22/16
Filed: 1992-12-07
Granted: 1995-09-20
Abstract: FIELD: metal pressure forming. SUBSTANCE: method of shaping thin-wall cylindrical parts from hard-to-deform metals and alloys with α and quasi a-structure comprises steps of placing the cylindrical blank on a rotating mandrel and deforming it by rollers, being moved along its axis with simultaneous continuous local induction heating of it before a deformation zone; setting a temperature of local heating of the blank being by 40-250 C less, than a recrystallization temperature of a metal of the blank. EFFECT: enhanced quality of cylindrical parts from hard-to-deform metals and alloys. 1 cl
Patent RU-2048543-C1 (RU)
Title: Electrotechnical anisotropic steel production method
Inventor: PETRENKO ALEKSEJ G
IPC: C21D8/12
Filed: 1992-12-21
Granted: 1995-11-20
Abstract: FIELD: metallurgy. SUBSTANCE: components of the method are hot rolling, normalization, cold rolling, decarbonizing and high-temperature annealings. Normalization with heating up to 1040 1080 C is exercised with cooling down to 400 C at increasing speed: to 1000 C - with speed of 1.0 1.8 C/s, from 1000 to 900 C with speed of 4 5 C/s, from 900 to 400 C with speed of 17 25 C/s and further with slowing speed. Side by side with this during decarbonizing annealing speed of heating up to 850 880 C is regulated by 20 30 C/s. Steel treated by the method has high level of B 100  and low values of P P 1,7/50 . EFFECT: method allows to produce electrotechnical anisotropic steel with improved properties. 2 cl, 2 dwg
Patent RU-2031094-C1 (RU)
Inventor: SAKHAROV VALERIJ S
IPC: C04B41/70
Filed: 1993-01-14
Granted: 1995-03-20
Abstract: FIELD: civil engineering. SUBSTANCE: mixture of glue pigments having at least two tints is applied on preliminary prepared surface. The process is carried out separately and alteratively, fractionated vermiculite is applied on wet layer of each tint. EFFECT: improves efficiency of the method.
Patent RU-2096213-C1 (RU)
Title: Agricultural transportation system
Inventor: PAVLINOV ALEKSANDR E
IPC: B61B7/00
Filed: 1993-02-08
Granted: 1997-11-20
Abstract: FIELD: mechanical engineering. SUBSTANCE: transportation system has wheeled vehicle with electric drive and suspended dust installed on supports and engaging with drive traction member. According to invention, vehicle has aerodynamic surface members, supports are made flexible and adjustable in height, and duct is secured on supports by means of flexible net for axial turning and vertical displacement to contact with ground. EFFECT: enlarged operating capabilities. 8 cl, 6 dwg
Patent RU-2074318-C1 (RU)
Title: Device for removing water from wells
Inventor: VOROVSKIJ ALEKSANDR A
IPC: E21B37/00
Filed: 1993-02-11
Granted: 1997-02-27
Abstract: FIELD: mining. SUBSTANCE: device has flexible air supply hose. Extension in the form of hollow body with cylindrical side surface and coming wider to the bottom portion, joined to bottom portion is secured to the hose end. Return valve in the form of a rod spring loaded to the bottom portion is installed on its inlet in the central hole of the extension. Isolating member is secured of the member. Outer surface of extension bottom portion looks like revolution ellipsoid. Internal surface of the bottom portion is conical. EFFECT: high efficiency. 2 dwg
Patent RU-2044764-C1 (RU)
Inventor: TEREGERYA VLADIMIR V
IPC: C10M129/40
Filed: 1993-02-12
Granted: 1995-09-27
Abstract: Сущность изобретения: средство содержит, мас. уротропин 0,2 0,8; нитрит натрия 0,1 0,4; продукт взаимодействия гидроокиси натрия с жирными кислотами в среде оксиэтилированных 6 и 10 молями окиси этилена моноизононилфенолов 2 10; вода остальное. 2 табл.
Patent RU-2070476-C1 (RU)
Title: Apparatus for production of monocrystal castings
Inventor: GERASIMOV VIKTOR V
IPC: B22D27/04
Filed: 1993-04-05
Granted: 1996-12-20
Abstract: FIELD: casting production, casting of high-temperature alloys monocrystal blades of gas-turbine engines in particular. SUBSTANCE: apparatus has ceramic shell with in series connected start cavity, crystal separating cavity and operational cavity. Start cavity of ceramic shell is made with closed bottom part, on inner surface of which there is base of refractory polycrystal material. Apparatus provides production of castings without usage of expensive seeds with given crystallographic orientation. EFFECT: decreased cost of monocrystal castings production. 1 dwg