Patent GB-906115-A (GB)
Title: Text composing machines
IPC: B41B21/36
Filed: 1958-09-12
Abstract: 906,115. Typewriters &c. AMERICAN TYPE FOUNDERS CO. Inc. Sept. 12, 1958 [Sept. 25, 1957], No. 32705/61. Divided out of 906,113. Class 100 (4). [Also in Group XX] A machine for applying text composition to a receiving medium progressively character-by-character comprises means carried by a base frame for supporting the medium for movement therealong in a given direction; characterapplying means carried by the frame to function at a fixed point on the frame and being alterable to change the type face of the characters applied so that the widths of the respective characters of the new face bear a definite ratio to the characters of the original face, the receiving medium being carried step-by-step past the character applying means for progressively receiving characters to form a line of composition; variable escapement means for effecting increments of movement of the supporting means for the receiving medium appropriate to the width of the selected character, the means for supporting the receiving medium comprising a primary carriage movable along the base frame and a secondary carriage which is movable along said primary carriage in the same direction and on which the receiving medium is disposed; and gearing disposed between said primary and secondary carriages for ensuring proportional movement of the latter whereby increments of escapement movement of said secondary carriage bear a predetermined ratio to the increments of movement of said primary carriage, said gearing being readily exchangeable so that this ratio may correspond to the widths of the characters in the character-applying means used. As described, the machine derives much of its operational and control features from the justifying typewriter operable by keyboard actuation or a coded tape described in Specification 763,463 and the invention is applicable to various inscribing devices although it is described specifically only as part of a photographic type-composing machine. As shown, the invention is applied to a photographic typesetter unit fully described in Specification 906,113, which is a modification of the proportional spacing automatic typewriter justified copy reproducer of Specification 763,463, wherein a punched tape, prepared in an electric typewriter which also produces a trial copy, is used to operate the reproducer by automatic operation of the keyboard mechanism, the tape bearing justification information as well as character and interword identifications. Essentially the modification consists in replacing the paper support roller on the reproducer by a photographic film carriage F and replacing the type basket and bars and ribbon by a rotatable master character disc D arrested with the required character in position at a fixed location relative to the keyboard 10B for optical projection on to the film under control of the appropriate keyboard lever mechanism and providing a lamp and a shutter S to effect a controlled exposure, whereafter the reproducer typewriter carriage escapement is operated under the control of escapement magnets LE1 . . .LE3 (Fig. 13, not shown) to effect along-the-line spacing, cams I, II, III (Fig. 12, not shown), on the shutter shaft being provided to time correctly the cycle of operation. Matter may be produced in different point sizes by the use of alphabets in different sizes on the same or different interchangeable master character discs or by variable optical magnification by adjustment of the projection lens, the appropriate character spacing being derived by exchangeable gearing between the escapement driven typewriter stub carriage 425 and the film carriage F. Alternatively the appropriate film feed for different point sizes may be obtained by arranging that during the character code print reading cycle the camIII operates the solenoid 455 more than once so that the escapement mechanism is actuated the appropriate number of times. In this way the film carriage could be arranged to have a 4-point unit movement and 8-, 12-, or 16-point movements could be provided by double, triple or quadruple escapement operation. Style as well as case changes may be obtained without change of character disc by including a secondary font on the disc, images of which are projected on to the film when a font or " mixer " shift code punched on the tape in the trial copy recorder on operation of the ribbon or " colour " shift key is read, the selection of the font as well as selection of upper or lower ease characters on the disc being effected by adjustable prisms housed at E in the light path. Provision is made for lighting a signal lamp when the secondary font is in use. If the secondary font is of a point size which is a multiple or sub-multiple of that of the primary font, the required escapement movement may be provided by multiple escapement operation brought into operation by the mixer shift code. The film carriage F is movable across the machine by rollers 56<SP>1</SP> running on a rail 56 fixed to the machine body and has light-sealing connections with the rail above and below the photographic exposure slit aperture. The drive to the film carriage is derived from the typewriter stub carriage 425, which is driven for along-the-line spacing by a tape 460 connected to it and to a spring-powered drum 465, under control of ratchet wheel escapement mechanism (see Specification 763,463) actuated at each energization of the solenoid 455, via rack-and-pinion gearing between the carriages and a rack 483 carried by the film carriage. For reduction of point size relatively to the unit of typewriter stub carriage escapement, a rack 475 is secured to an extension 430 on the carriage 425 and different pairs of concentric pinions as 480a, 481a having a constant total of teeth are provided on a shaft 478 fixed to the carriage F; for increase of point size, a rack 505 is bolted to the carriage F and a shaft bearing a pair of pinions 480b, 481b is carried by a bracket 501 fixed to the extension 430 of the carriage 425; while if the two carriage movements are to be equal they may be connected by a tie-bar or 1: 2 gear ratio selected and double escapement operation effected.