baber/WOPTO huggingface dataset:
Patent GB-795642-A (GB)
Title: Process for the production of oil solutions of petroleum sulphonic acids
Inventor: PEPERZAK PETER
IPC: C07C309/62
Filed: 1956-11-12
Abstract: Petroleum sulphonic acids are prepared in oil solution by intimately contacting a sulphonatable mineral lubricating oil with concentrated sulphuric acid of at least 98 per cent strength or oleum under sulphonating conditions, mixing the resulting reaction mixture, before separation therefrom of the acid phase, with 2 to 15 per cent by weight of water based on the sulphonating agent, agitating the resulting mixture for at least 30 minutes and then separating the oil phase containing dissolved petroleum sulphonic acids from the acid phase.  The digestion treatment with water is stated to increase the yield of sulphonic acids utilizable in the form of their salts, e.g. calcium salts, as lubricant additives.  The lubricating oils to be sulphonated may be simple distillate fractions or fractions refined by solvent extraction; they may be pretreated with sulphuric acid or oleum to remove more readily sulphonatable material.  The main sulphonation may be effected at between room temperature and 80 DEG C., using 20-50 per cent by weight of sulphonating agent.  The sulphonating agent and the oil are preferably contacted for a very short time, e.g. 1/10 to 1/1000 sec. suitably by means of a colloid mill or centrifugal pump.  The water treatment is preferably effected at 55-65 DEG  C. for 3-4 hours.  Thereafter the acid phase is separate by settling or centrifugation.  The process may be effected batchwise or continuously and both procedures are exemplified; suitable apparatus for the continuous method is described.ALSO:Mineral lubricating oil solutions of petroleum sulphonic acids are prepared by intimately contacting a sulphonatable mineral lubricating oil with concentrated sulphuric acid of at least 98 per cent strength or oleum under sulphonating conditions, mixing the resulting reaction mixture, before separation therefrom of the acid phase, with 2-15 per cent by weight of water based on the sulphonating agent, agitating the resulting mixture for at least 30 minutes and then separating the oil phase containing dissolved petroleum sulphonic acids from the acid phase (see Group IV (b)). The mineral oils may be derived from Middle East, Gulf, Coastal, Mid-Continent, California or Venezualan crudes and may be simple distillates or fractions refined by solved extraction; preferably they have a viscosity between 60 and 100 secs.  R.I. at 140 DEG  F. and a viscosity index of 80 to 100. Examples are given.
Patent GB-1042609-A (GB)
Title: Improvements in road vehicles with raisable load-supporting frames
IPC: B60P1/64
Filed: 1963-09-02
Abstract: 1,042,609. Raisable load-supporting frames for vehicles. INVENTIO A.G. Sept. 2, 1963 [Sept. 28, 1962], No. 34582/63. Heading B8E. A load-supporting frame which normally rests on a vehicle chassis is provided with at least three jacks of a piston and cylinder type which engage the ground below the chassis to raise the platform to enable the vehicle to be driven away. The platform is provided with freely rotatable rollers to support the load and a coupling is provided to prevent displacement of the load during transit.
Patent GB-1105801-A (GB)
Title: Plastics drawer assembly
Inventor: WALTER ERNEST WILLIAM
IPC: A47B88/20
Filed: 1965-08-12
Abstract: 1,105,801. Drawer partitions. AKROMILS Inc. 12 Aug., 1965, No. 34612/65. Heading B8P. [Also in Division A4] A one-piece drawer of moulded plastics material has opposed side walls 3 which are inclined outwardly from the base 2 and are formed with opposed pairs of dovetail grooves 7 having a cross-section which decreases downwardly, the grooves selectively receiving a platelike partition 8 with a flat bottom edge and having its side edges 12 formed complementarily to the grooves 7. The partition 8 is fitted by first flexing the upper edges of the side walls towards each other whereby after lowering of the partition 8 in the grooves 7 it is frictionally held therein. The drawer may be transparent.
Patent GB-369171-A (GB)
Title: Improvements in low power induction motors
IPC: H02K17/04
Filed: 1931-12-15
Abstract: 369,171. Alternating current induction motors. DREGER, K. VON, 62, Eichenallee, Charlottenburg, Berlin, and BEIER, F., Treuenbriezenerstrasse, Luckenwalde, Germany. Dec. 15, 1931, No. 34709. Convention date, Dec. 5, 1931. [Class 35.] Cores.-An induction motor for very small output, particularly for driving gramophones, comprises a stator core divided into a number of parts equal to the number of poles, the parts, when put together, forming a closed ring with the recesses for receiving the pre-wound field coils 13 disposed at the joints between the parts, which are so arranged that the outer pole sections 17 abut in close contact over their entire cross sections, while the inner pole sections 16 abut only at the inner edge adjacent the armature, so as to form a groove 18, preferably wedge-shaped, which expands outwardly. The stator is also provided with slots 19 for accommodating the short-circuited starting windings. The armature may be composed entirely of lamellµ with completely closed slots of the outwardly-tapering form as shown in Fig. 7, or it may be composed at its ends of lamellµ with closed slots, Fig. 6, and in its intermediate portion of lamellµ with open slots, Fig. 5. The armature, which is mounted on a shaft 5 carrying a worm 11 gearing with a worm wheel on the shaft 12 of the turntable, is formed with a cavity 8 adjacent the more heavily loaded bearing 9. The stator is secured to the casing 1 by screws 3.
Patent GB-927527-A (GB)
Title: Modified ethoxylin resins
IPC: C08G59/42
Filed: 1961-09-28
Abstract: Ethoxylin resins containing at least two epoxide groups per molecule are cured by a mixture of at least one polycarboxylic acid anhydride and at least one methylisopropylphenol.  Storable compositions which are curable by heating are prepared by mixing the methylisopropylphenol and anhydride and combining the resultant mixture with the ethoxylin resin.  Ethoxylin resins specified are prepared from epichlorohydrin and 4,41-dihydroxydiphenyldimethylmethane.  Phenols specified are 3-methyl-6-isopropylphenol (thymol), 3-methyl-5-isopropylphenol (isothymol), 2-methyl-5-isopropylphenol (carvacrol), 3-methyl-4-isopropylphenol, 2-methyl-6-isopropylphenol and 4-methyl-2-isopropylphenol.  Acid anhydrides specified are phthalic anhydride, tetrahydrophthalic anhydride and hexahydrophthalic anhydride.  Examples are given.  Specification 821,972 is referred to.
Patent GB-1475808-A (GB)
Title: Air distribution apparatus
IPC: E04B9/02
Filed: 1974-08-07
Abstract: 1475808 Ventilators LUWA AG 7 Aug 1974 [8 Aug 1973] 34835/74 Heading F4V Air distributing apparatus for a ventilating or air conditioning installation comprises a channel 3 having an air supply pipe 5 and, inserted within an outlet slot of the channel 3, an air directing unit including in the direction of air flow, a grid 11, a guide 13 which defines with one of the longitudinal walls defining the slot an air passage 9 which decreases in width to a zone of minimum width a and thereafter increases in width, and a wall 15 having apertures 17. The apertures 17 are flared and circular or elliptical, to permit air outflow at an angle to the central plane of the slot. The grid 11, guide 13 and, optionally, the wall 15 may be integrally formed as a plastics moulding. The guide 13 may be formed by a plurality of elements arranged side by side between the grid 11 and wall 15, and directing air in opposite directions. A plurality of air directing units may be provided, webs interconnecting the longitudinal walls of the slot between adjacent units. The cross-sectional area of the zone of minimum width a is equal to that of the openings in the grid 11. Apparatuses 3a on either side of the channel 3 may be identical to that already described, and may communicate with the pipe 5 via members 7, which provide or prevent air flow communication by rotation of the members 7 through 90 degrees about a vertical axis.
Patent GB-829555-A (GB)
Title: Improvements in water distributing systems in water cooling towers
Inventor: ZINN WILLIAM VICTOR
IPC: F28F25/04
Filed: 1955-12-05
Abstract: 829,555. Cooling towers. COOLING TOWERS Ltd. Dec. 4, 1956 [Dec. 5, 1955], No. 34854/55. Class 64(1) A water cooling tower is provided with a water distributing system comprising a plurality of pipes each furnished with a plurality of nozzles and means for automatically cutting out of operation a part of the system when there is a low rate of flow of water through the tower. A feed pipe 2 fills the trough 1 with water which is then distributed by means of the pipes 3, 4 provided with nozzles 5. The pipes are tapped off from the trough at different levels as required so that if the level in the trough falls only the lower tapping pipes are in use. In modifications pipes with U-shaped bends can be used or two compartments can be provided for the trough with pipes tapping from each. Mechanical or power operated equipment may be employed for the automatic cutting out operation.
Patent GB-1158566-A (GB)
Title: Extractive Distillation
IPC: B01D3/40
Filed: 1966-08-04
Abstract: 1,158,566. Extractive distillation. UNION CARBIDE CORP. 4 Aug., 1966 [6 Aug., 1965], No. 34909/66. Heading B1B. [Also in Division C5] In a process for the separation of two components of a liquid mixture by extractive distillation in the presence of a relatively non- volatile solvent having a greater affinity for the less volatile component of the mixture, the extractive distillation is carried out in two zones 75, 81 and the average pressure in zone 75 is maintained greater than the average pressure in the zone 81. A vapour stream comprising the more volatile component flows out of the head of zone 75. The liquid .flowing out of the base of zone 75 passes, through pressure-reducing valve 77 and is fed into the top of zone 81. Vapours from the top of zone 81 are drawn into compressor 43, and then introduced into the bottom of zone 75. The pressure difference between zones 75 and 81 is preferably maintained such that the maximum and minimum temperatures in the two zones are the same. More than two. extractive distillation zones may be employed, the number being such that the temperature-differential across each zone is about '10‹C. A liquid stream comprising the solvent containing the less volatile component, and possibly a residual amount of the more volatile component, flows out of the base of zone 81 into adiabatic vaporizer 83 where a portion (e.g. 80%) of the solute is vaporized at a pressure slightly above atmospheric. The vapours are introduced into zone 81 via line 123 and compressor 99. The liquid flows from vaporizer 83 through line 126 and heat-exchanger 85 into the side of rectification column 87, where the solute is separated as a overhead vapour stream. The stripped solvent, withdrawn from the base of column 87, is pumped via line 143, heat-exchanger 85 and line 109 to the top of zone 75. A portion of the overhead vapour from column 87 is drawn through line 131 into compressor 101, and then introduced' into the lower part of zone 81. The remainder of the overhead vapour from column 87 flows through line 135 into refining column 93, which serves to separate volatile contaminants as an overhead vapour stream. Liquid, withdrawn from the base of column 93, is further refined in column 95, from which the desired less volatile component of the original feed-stream is withdrawn overhead. The vapours from the head of column 93 and the liquid from the base of column 95 are introduced after suitable treatment (e.g. hydrogenation), into the lower part of. zone 81 through lines 147 and 155, respectively. If the overhead vapour from zone 75 contains a small proportion of the less volatile component, the latter is separated and may then be introduced into the lower part of zone 81. Column 87 may be heated by a reboiler 89 (as shown), or it may be supplied with an inert gas (e.g. nitrogen), or operated under vacuum. The process may be used for the separation of butane from vinyl chloride using acetone, methanol or ethanol, as solvent, or it may be used for the separation of butenes from crude butadiene using aqueous dimethylacetamide as solvent.
Patent GB-337225-A (GB)
Title: Improvements in cutoff for high speed cigarette making machine
IPC: A24C5/28
Filed: 1929-11-15
Abstract: 337,225. Triggs, W. W., (American Machine & Foundry Co.). Nov. 15, 1929. Cigarette-making machines. - In a cutting-off mechanism for continuous-rod machines, the shaft 24 of the blade 25 is mounted in spherical bearings 24<a>, 24<b>, in discs 18, 20 carried by shafts 17, 19 parallel to but not in alignment with each other and inclined to the axis of the cigaretterod. The vertical driving shaft 37 carries an eccentric by which the slotted tubular guide for the cigarette-rod is reciprocated. A grinding disc 58 is adjusted by the thumb nut 63.
Patent GB-210938-A (GB)
Title: Improvements in or relating to chairs, seats and like articles of furniture
IPC: A47C1/035
Filed: 1922-12-22
Abstract: 210,938. Bailey, G. F. Dec. 22, 1922. Rocking, swing, &c. seats. leg - rests. - In chairs &c. in which the seat and back mav be moved by the occupant into various positions the seat b is connected to the frame at its front edge by links d and has beneath its middle or rear portion a transverse roller or like member i travelling in slots k or other guide members provided in the upward extensions of the rear legs. A leg-rest l may be provided, formed by an extension of the front links below their point of connection to the seat, and moving with the latter.
Patent GB-804737-A (GB)
Title: Improvements in and relating to yarn feeding apparatus
IPC: D02G1/02
Filed: 1955-12-06
Abstract: 804,737. Feeding and crimping yarns. UNIVERSAL WINDING CO. Dec. 6, 1955 [July 7, 1955], No. 35031/55. Classes 120(2) and 120(3) Apparatus for feeding yarn comprises a roller 28, Fig. 4, about which yarn is wound, a bell-crank lever 27, means 31 rotatably supporting the roller 28 on the lever 27, a gear 25 on a rotatable shaft 24, a gear 29 on the roller 28 which engages the gear 25 when the lever 27 is pivoted in one direction to rotate the roller 28, pivoting the lever 27 in the other direction moving the roller 28 and gear 29 away from the shaft 24. The lever 27 may carry means, preferably a comb-like member 30, for spacing a plurality of wraps of yarn. Preferably the shaft 24 and gear 25 are located inside a trough 17 so that liquid may be applied to the yarn as it is fed. As shown in Fig. 2, the yarn feeding apparatus is employed in a machine for imparting crimp to yarn. Yarn from a supply 12 or 13 passes through guide eyes 15 or 16 and 19, through a disctype tension device 20 to one of the grooves of the comb 30 and several times round the comb and roller, thus being moistened by the liquid in the trough 17. The yarn then passes over a heating member 33, preferably an electrical resistance heater embedded in a metallic block, and through a false twist spindle 36, driven by a belt 77, to a take-up package 42 driven by a roller 39 or 39a.
Patent GB-208019-A (GB)
Title: Improved apparatus for coking coal, lignite shale or other bituminous materials
IPC: C10B7/02
Filed: 1922-12-27
Abstract: 208,019. Loewenstein, K. P. Dec. 27,' 1922. Retorts and methods of working.-In apparatus for coking coal &c. wherein the material is spread in a thin layer and carried round horizontally by a rotating disc or frame a within a gas tight casing e, an annular heating channel h, through which hot combustion gases can be led, is arranged below said disc whereby heat mav be applied directly to the lower face of the disc. The material s is fed to the disc through an adjustable hopper b and is removed after coking by a stripper c in proximity to a discharge shoot m. The outer part of the disc a can be made with double walls so as to leave an annular space a<2> in which a heating medium, such as steam or molten metal, is circulated, pipes j, i being provided therefor. A partition u and baffles k are arranged in the space a<2> to form a tortuous passage for the heating medium.
Patent GB-487210-A (GB)
Title: Apparatus for drying tea leaf
IPC: F26B25/18
Filed: 1937-12-20
Abstract: 487,210. Drying racks and shelves. WAAL, H. L. DE. Dec..20, 1937, No. 35168. [Class 34 (ii)] Tea leaf is dried on shelves 1, 2 held storeywise in a frame 8 rotatable as a whole about a central horizontal axle 5, and each alternate shelf 2 is tiltable about its own central axis 7. The shelves 2 are attached at each end to bars 3 moved in guides 9 by handles 4 which are fixed by a pin on a chain 10 in apertures in a brace 6 by which the frame 8 is tilted. The shelves are light, welded, reinforced, tubular frames covered with wire netting and permeable fabric. The fixed shelves 1 are mounted in U-members 14 on the frame 8. When the frame is tilted for filling, it is held by attaching a chain on a fixed support 13 to an axle 7. Conditioning air is directed into the leaf by a strip 12. Specification 345,198 is referred to.
Patent GB-791302-A (GB)
Title: Improvements in or relating to the production of pigments of titanium dioxide
Inventor: GREGOIRE FERDINAND
IPC: C01G23/053
Filed: 1955-12-07
Abstract: A titanium dioxide pigment having a particle size of 0.5-1m  is obtained by hydrolysing sodium titanate (Na2TiO3) with water at below 40 DEG  C. to form orthotitanic acid (TiO2.2H2O), issolving this in 40-60 per cent by weight aqueous mineral acid in the presence of at least one alkali metal halide in an amount of 0.5-5 per cent by weight of the titanic acid, reducing at least 90 per cent of the titanium in the so-formed solution with nascent hydrogen to a salt of blue titanous oxide (Ti3O5) and hydrolysing the solution with boiling water to form said pigment.  Suitable acids are hydrochloric and sulphuric acids, the alkali metal halide may be sodium chloride and the nascent hydrogen may be produced by the addition of iron to the solution and heating at or near the boiling point.  The solution may be preheated to 80 DEG  C. prior to the final oxidative hydrolysis. It is stated that iron is not absorbed on the final precipitate.  The product may be calcined, if desired, to oxidize any Ti3O5 which may be present, and additives, if required in the resultant pigment, may be mixed in during calcination.
Patent GB-460961-A (GB)
Title: Process for improving the fastness of dyeings
IPC: D06P1/655
Filed: 1935-07-05
Abstract: Substantive dyes, dyeing with.--The fastness to washing of dyeings with substantive dyes on cellulosic materials is improved by treating the dyed materials with solutions of such quaternary ammonium or ternary sulphonium bases or salts thereof as contain at least two quaternary ammonium or ternary sulphonium groups, but are free from aliphatic radicles containing a chain of 7 or more carbon atoms and are obtained from a glycerol halohydrin or a formal thereof by either (a) condensing with a tertiary aliphatic amine or (b) condensing with ammonia or an amine or a hydrosulphide compound and subjecting the product to far reaching alkylation.  In examples: (1) a dyeing with Sirius blue BR is treated for \ba1/2\be hour with a solution at 30 DEG  C. containing 2 grammes per litre of a sulphonium salt obtained by condensing a -dichlorhydrin with sodium sulphide and alkylating the product with excess of dimethyl sulphate; (2) a similar dyeing is similarly treated with a solution of a quaternary ammonium base obtained by condensing a -dichlorhydrin with ammonia and alkylating the product with excess of dimethyl sulphate in presence of sodium carbonate; (3) a similar dyeing is similarly treated with a solution of a quaternary ammonium chloride obtained by condensing a -dichlorhydrin with tetramethylethylenediamine.
Patent GB-874737-A (GB)
Title: Data storage devices
IPC: G06K17/00
Filed: 1958-11-04
Abstract: 874,737. Electrical digital data-storage devices. INTERNATIONAL BUSINESS MACHINES CORPORATION. Nov. 4, 1958 [Nov. 4, 1957], No. 35346/58. Class 106 (1). Data is stored magnetically on tubular or wire rods 12, freely supported in tubes 11 arranged in an array, access to the data being afforded by pneumatically ejecting a selected wire from its holder so that it passes a transducer 17. As described, the device contains 10,000 wires of effective storage length 21 inches giving a total capacity forty-two million bits of information. The tubes 11 are fixed in a vertical array of 100 cells, each cell containing 100 tubes 11. At the rear of the array is a plenum chamber supplied with pressurized air and selection of a particular wire is made by unblocking the rear end of the tube 11 containing the wire. Air pressure then carries the wire through a gate 71 to a pair of feed rollers 91, 92 which pass the wire through a funnel to a transducer 17 and sensing devices 184, 189. On first sensing the end of the wire 12 device 184 causes the selection means to return to home position. The sensing device 189 brings into play return rollers 93, 94 and on the end of wire 12 again passing device 184 the return rollers are disengaged and the feed rollers engaged. The wire selection device comprises ten vertical and ten horizontal strips 21, 22 respectively, with the vertical strips contacting the front end of the tubes 11. Each strip carries a series of ten lateral perforations 23, 24, the arrangement being such that coincidence of a single pair of perforations in the horizontal and vertical strips opens the rear of only one of the tubes 11, Fig. 7. Movement of e.g. the vertical strips 21 is caused by solenoids 27 acting against springs 33 and the extent of the movement is determined by a toothed bar 37 the teeth of which act as stops against the lower end of slots 38 in the strips 21. The bar 37 is set by solenoid controlled pins 48 a selected pair of which abut the lower edges of notches 42 in an arm 41 carrying the bar 37. The arm 41 is displaced vertically by a lever 43 operated by solenoid 39. The apparatus comprising the gate 71, the feed and return rollers, the transducer 17 and sensing devices 184 and 189, is mounted as a unit and is movable for positioning against the row of cells containing a selected wire. Control circuits for performing this operation as well as the operations of wire selection, ejection and reading, are described in the Specification and include the use of relays, selector switches, thyratrons and time delay circuits.
Patent GB-1362707-A (GB)
Title: Control of operation of a system
IPC: H04M3/12
Filed: 1971-07-28
Abstract: 1362707 Automatic exchange systems; protecting transistor circuits AUSTRALIA COMMONWEALTH OF 28 July 1971 [30 July 1970] 35385/71 Headings H4K and H3T [Also in Division H2] Apparatus in which each of a plurality of paths can normally be selectively connected to a common path by a common control includes a disabling means adapted to operate when signals from the control are set to disconnect each of the plurality of paths from the common path to disable any path erroneously connected to the common path. As described the invention is applied to a T.D.M. telephone system. The Fig. shows a plurality of transistors T A , T B  and T C  each controlling a corresponding line 10, 11 and 12 between earth and a common line 22. Each transistor has two inputs connected to its base, one connected to a processor which primes the transistors in succession, the other input being connected to a corresponding telephone link such that a primed transistor is enabled if the corresponding link is in a particular condition. Once in each processor cycle during a period in which no transistor is primed and thus none of the transistors should be enabled, a transistor in an "executioner" unit E is enabled connecting a positive supply directly to the common line if a receiver R indicates that the common line is still earthed, i.e. that the processor has lost control of a line 10, 12 or 14 which is now permanently connected to the common line. The current supplied by the "executioner" flows through the line, the control of which is lost, and blows a fuse or transistor in that line, actuates a circuit breaker in that line or switches an amorphous semi-conductor in that line to a high resistive state.