Patent GB-611406-A (GB)
Title: Improvements in or relating to emulsifiers for rendering water-thinnable the concentrates of coating compositions, the improved water-thinnable coating compositions, and methods of thinning the same
IPC: C09K23/00
Filed: 1944-10-10
Abstract: An emulsifier for making non-aqueous water-immiscible coating composition concentrates water thinnable comprises a high molecular weight fatty amide of an alkylene polyamine, an alkylol alkythene polyamine, or an alkylol amine, an emulsifying agent, a protective colloid and water.  The amide may be produced by reacting a fatty-acyl derivative containing from 10 to 22 carbon atoms with the amine.  Specified acids which may be amidified are oleic, lauric, myristic, palmitic, stearic, hydroxystearic, and palmitoleic acids and such acid-containing oils as coconut, soyabean, lard, tallow, peanut, corn, hydrogenated soyabean, rice bran, grain screenings, hydrogenated sardine, hydrogenated whale, hydrogenated castor, sperm, cod, sulphonated olive, linseed and tung oils.  Specified amines are ethylene diamine, ethanolamine, diethylenetriamine, ethanol ethylene diamine, tetraethylene pentamine and 1 : 3-diamine isopropanol. Specified protective colloids are casein, protein, glue, gelatin, lecithin, pectin and methyl cellulose.  Specified emulsifying agents are sulphonated castor oil and di-octyl-sodium sulphosuccinate. Other materials such as bentonite, furfuryl alcohol, tannic acid, and ammonium chromate or dichromate may be present.  In the preferred method of water thinning such concentrates, a protein such as casein is added to water and in the case of casein the pH is adjusted by the addition of a base such as ammonia to 7.5.  The fatty amide compound and other emulsifying agent are separately dissolved in the concentrate and the aqueous casein added slowly with agitation. Preferred proportions are from 20 to 65 parts coating concentrate, 0.5 to 10 parts fatty amide compound, 2 to 7 parts emulsifying agent, 3 to 5 parts protective colloid and water to make up to 100 parts. Shellac is a specified natural resin component of a concentrate.ALSO:Water-immiscible coating composition concentrates are rendered water-thinnable by the addition of an emulsifier comprising a high molecular weight fatty amide of an alkylene polyamine, an alkylol alkylene polyamine, or an alkylolamine, an emulsifying agent, a protective colloid and water.  The concentrates may contain cellulose esters or ethers or synthetic resins together with thinners, solvent, driers, plasticizers, fillers and pigments. Specified cellulose compounds are the acetate and nitrate and ethyl cellulose.  Specified resins are phenol-formaldehyde and alkyd resins (glyceryl phthalates).  Specified additions are zinc yellow, iron oxide, titanium oxide, aluminium oxide, lead oxide, carbon black, lead chromate, magnesium silicate, lead and cobalt naphthenates, maleic anhydride, xylene, ethyl and butyl acetate, ethyl and butyl alcohols, aromatic petroleum naphtha, tung oil, castor oil, linseed oil, turpentine, mineral spirits, bentonite, tannic acid, furfuryl alcohol and ammonium chromate and dichromate.  The amide may be produced by reacting a fatty-acyl derivative containing from 10 to 22 carbon atoms with the amine. Specified acids which may be amidified are oleic, lauric, myristic, palmitic, stearic, hydroxy-stearic, and palmitoleic acids and such acid containing oils as cocoanut, soyabean, lard, tallow, peanut, corn, hydrogenated soyabean, rice-bran, grain screenings, hydrogenated sardine, hydrogenated whale, hydrogenated castor, sperm, cod, sulphonated olive, linseed and tung oils. Specified amines are ethylenediamine, ethanolamine, diethylenetriamine, ethanolethylene diamine, tetraethylene-pentamine and 1 : 3-diamine isoproponol. Specified protective colloids are casein, protein, glue, gelatin, lecithin, pectin and methyl cellulose.  Specified emulsifying agents are sulphonated castor oil and di-octyl sodium sulphosuccinate.