baber/WOPTO huggingface dataset:
Patent GB-587615-A (GB)
Title: Improved process for the isomerization of straight chain paraffinic hydrocarbons
IPC: C07C5/27
Filed: 1943-05-11
Abstract: Normal paraffins of at least 5 carbon atoms are isomerized by contact in the vapour phase at superatmospheric pressures up to 180 p.s.i. with an aluminium halide catalyst supported on a solid carrier and arranged in solid beds, at a temperature of 400-500 DEG  F., in the presence of 2-22 per cent by weight of a halogen-containing promoter and in the absence of hydrogen, the rate of flow of normal paraffin feed being 0.25-2 vols./vol./hr. and the contact time 16-260 secs. In a modification, hydrogen having a partial pressure of 50-600 p.s.i. may be present, the total pressure being up to 1000 p.s.i. Rate of isomerization and selectivity increase with increase of temperature.  The preferred catalyst is aluminium chloride or bromide on a carrier such as activated carbon or alumina, acid-treated clays, bauxite and particularly "Porocel" (Registered Trade Mark). Aluminium chloride may be vaporized and carried by a carrier gas into contact with the carrier or mixed therewith in solid form or in presence of a solvent.  The "Porocel" may be preheated to 1000-1400 DEG  F. for 1-18 hrs. and, after absorbing the chloride vapours, may be heated to 25-100 DEG  F. higher than the isomerization temperature in an inert gas to remove all but tenaciously held chloride, generally about 4-12 per cent by weight.  The feed may be normal pentane, which may contain small amounts of isopentane, or hexane, heptane or higher paraffins, casinghead gasoline or straight-run naphtha.  Olefins and water are removed with concentrated sulphuric acid or fluor- or chlor-sulphonic acids, and sulphur with caustic alkali.  A plurality of reactors may be arranged in series or parallel.  The catalyst is regenerated by heating to remove aluminium halide, burning at 700-1000 DEG  F. with oxygen-containing gas, and re-impregnating.  Examples describe the isomerization of pentane with aluminium chloride on "Porocel" at varying reaction conditions. Specifications 498,463, 535,398 and 543,085 are referred to.
Patent GB-1191555-A (GB)
Title: Magnetoresistance Element.
IPC: H01L29/82
Filed: 1968-02-15
Abstract: 1,191,555. Magnetically sensitive semi-conductor devices. SONY CORP. 15 Feb., 1968 [20 Feb., 1967], No. 7455/68. Heading H1K. The body of a magnetoresistive device has a PIN structure bearing an insulated control electrode on the I-region; in operation the device is operated under double injection conditions and a voltage is applied to the control electrode to produce a region (to which the carriers are deflected by the magnetic field) of enhanced recombination rate-thus in the presence of a magnetic field of the right sense the resistance of the device increases, to an extent determined by the magnitude of the field and by the magnitude of the control voltage. In one device the field is applied parallel to the plane of the control electrode by an electromagnet. A similar device has two control electrodes; these are on opposite faces of the body and are used with control voltages of opposite polarity. In another construction the semi-conductor body is cylindrical with the P- and N-type regions at its ends and with a cylindrical control electrode. A final arrangement uses two single control devices connected in series and with their control electrodes fed in parallel, the devices being so disposed that a common magnetic field deflects carriers towards the control electrode in one device and away from the control electrode in the other, the voltage output being taken across one device only. It is suggested that in a device a free surface portion of the I-type body may be roughened, shaped, or impurity diffused to modify its carrier recombination rate.
Patent GB-1031213-A (GB)
Title: Improvements in or relating to triggering circuits for actuating bistable circuits
IPC: H03K3/286
Filed: 1963-02-25
Abstract: 1,031,213. Transistor bi-stable circuit; diode gating circuit. FUJITSU Ltd. Feb. 25, 1963 [Feb. 24, 1962], No. 7551/63. Headings H3P and H3T. Trigger pulses for a bi-stable circuit are directed along one or other of two paths under the control of clock pulses, the path used being dependent upon whether or not input signals are present on the input terminals of an AND gate. As shown in Fig. 2, trigger pulses to bi-stable circuit FF are applied at terminal IN1 or IN2 dependent upon whether or not input signals are applied to terminals L 1 , L 2 , L 3  of an AND gate comprising diodes G 1 , G 2 , G 3 . If negative-going input pulses are present at terminals L 1 , L 2 , L 3  then when clock pulses Lc, Fig. 3, are applied to the circuit the potential at the point a changes as shown, and a trigger pulse is generated at b at the trailing edge of the clock pulse and applied to terminal INI of the bi-stable circuit FF. The potential of the second trigger output point c does not rise above earth so that no trigger pulse is passed through diode Db to input terminal IN2. If there is no input signal on the logical AND circuit the potential of the point a does not change, but that at c does upon the arrival of the clock pulse Lc and a trigger pulse C<SP>1</SP> is generated at the trailing edge of the clock pulse and passed through diode Db to terminal IN2 to switch the bi-stable circuit.
Patent GB-543385-A (GB)
Title: Improvements in appliances for machine tapping or screwing operations
IPC: B23G7/00
Filed: 1941-06-16
Abstract: 543,385. Toothed gearing. ANDREW, H. J. June 16, 1941, No. 7615. Addition to 534,348. [Class 80 (i)] [Also in Group XXII] The rotary frame mounting the epicyclic gearing described in the parent Specification is mounted in a hollow pulley or gear wheel. The sun wheel g is keyed on the fixed spindle c and meshes with the wheel h of the epicyclic train g, h, i, j, k, l, m, n the wheels h and i, j and k, and l and m being respectively integral and all the wheels except m and n being elliptical. The wheel n is on a sleeve p carrying a gear o that drives the tap or die. The gear o and pulley e may be inter-changed.
Patent GB-526750-A (GB)
Title: Improvements in and relating to the control of electric motors
IPC: H02P23/00
Filed: 1939-03-09
Abstract: 526,750. Reversing control of A.C. motors. BRITISH THOMSON - HOUSTON CO., Ltd. March 9, 1939, No. 7696. Convention date, March 9, 1938. [Class 38 (iii)] A split-phase motor, controlled by a reversing switch 19, has its starting connections changed by a speed-responsive switch 14, and a relay 22 is provided for the purpose of making reverse starting connections when the switch 19 is thrown, independently of movement of the switch 14 to its starting position, so that reverse torque is immediately exerted without waiting for the switch 14 to operate. With the switch 19 on contact 20 the primary windings 11, 12 are connected to the supply, a condenser 10 being in series with the winding 11. As the motor revs up to speed the centrifugal switch 14 moves -to contact 17 opening the circuit of the winding 11. The relay 22 is energized to open its contacts by connection across the condenser 10 when the switch 14 is in its starting position, and is maintained while the switch 14 is in its running position by connection in series with the winding 11. The motor is reversed by throwing the switch 19 to contact 21 the relay 22 dropping out so that the windings 11, 12 are connected to the supply directly in parallel. The motor is thus braked and when the switch 14 moves to contact 16, the condenser 10 is connected in circuit with the winding 12. The relay 22 is re-energized and the motor reverses, after it has come to rest. The switch 14 again moves to its contact 17 to cut out the winding 12. In a modification; Fig. 2, where the motor has a running winding 23 and a starting winding 24, reversal is effected by a switch 25 which reverses the winding 24 the relay 22 being de-energized as the switch 25 is thrown over and effecting connections for the winding 24 while the switch 14 is in its running position. The motor is subjected to a reverse torque while it decelerates to standstill, and the switch 14 controls the cutting out of the starting winding 24 as the motor accelerates in the reverse direction. In a further modification the motor has a condenser in that circuit of the starting winding 24 made by the switch 14 in its starting position. In other modifications, Figs. 4 and 5, not shown, the braking of the motor with a reverse torque is effected with a condenser or resistance additional to the starting condenser in circuit with one of the windings 11, 12.
Patent GB-114073-A (GB)
Title: Improvements in Apparatus for Solving Problems relating to Speed, Time and Distance.
Inventor: LAMBERT WALTER ODWIN HUTTON
IPC: G06G3/00
Filed: 1917-05-30
Abstract: 114,073. Lambert, W. O. H. May 30, 1917. Computing compasses or dividers.-Relates to apparatus of the proportional compass or divider type for solving problems of time, speed, and distance in conjunction with nautical &c. charts, whereby the time taken to travel at a given speed over any distance or, conversely, the speed required to cover any distance in a given time may be read off directly on a scale provided on the instrument. The device comprises slotted compass legs A, B pivoted on a block capable of sliding in the slots and constituted by separate cheeks c, d united by a bolt e having a square end fitting in a sleeve d' secured to the cheek d. A nut f having a milled head is provided for clamping the parts. Secured to the bolt is an index G and to the block c a scale H and an index point k which co-operates with a similar point k<1> carried by the leg B at a distance from the first equal to the distance from the centre of the bolt to the point m of the leg B. The scale is graduated in hours arranged so that when the pointer is opposite one hour the angle subtended by the legs is 60 degrees. In operation, to determine the time required to cover any distance at a known speed, the legs are closed, the pointers k, k<1> set to the distance covered in unit time, the points l, m set to the distance to be travelled and the time required read off on the scale. To determine the speed required to cover any distance in a predetermined time, a second scale is provided either on the back of the plate H or on a removable plate, the graduations being the reciprocal of the time scale. In a modification, the legs, of rectangular or similar section and jointed at the top, are graduated and provided with sliding sleeves to one of which a straight bar bearing a time scale is pivoted. In operation, the points are set apart at the distance required, and the sleeves moved up until the time to cover the distance is indicated on the time scale. If then the legs be opened to correspond to any other distance, the time required to traverse it is shown on the time scale.
Patent GB-114525-A (GB)
Title: Improvements in or relating to Creeper or Portable-track Chains of Tractors, Motor Ploughs and other Cultivating Implements.
Inventor: MARTIN WILLIAM EDWARD
IPC: B62D55/26
Filed: 1917-05-30
Abstract: 114,525. Martin, W. E. May 30, 1917. Endless-track vehicles.-The side-bars a of the driving-links of an endless track are connected by the bushes a' for the joint-pins, and by angularlydisposed ribs a<2>, a<3> formed on the bushes. The driving-sprocket c is formed with a polygonal flange c<3>, the facets of which bear on the inner edges of the links a.
Patent GB-138751-A (GB)
Title: Improvements in and relating to locks
IPC: E05B55/00
Filed: 1919-03-27
Abstract: 138,751. Vendome, R., Garget, J., and Simart, H. March 27, 1919. Lock mechanism, tumbler-type; bolts.-The tumblers of a lock are carried by the bolt head and are placed in the same plane as the tail of the bolt to allow a thin case to be employed. In the form shown in Fig. 1, the tumblers 11 have circular portions 12 held in a corresponding recess in the bolt head, are mounted beneath the bolt tail 5, and co-operate with a stud 21 fixed on the casing. The bolt-operating part 10 also is secured to the bolt by a circular head and is guided horizontally by a stud 16 on the casing. In another form, the tumbler is mounted above the tail of the bolt and is operated by a sliding rod carried through the bolt. Night-latches; locking latches.-The bolt 5, Fig. 1, is operable inside the door by a handle 8, the tumbler 11 being released from the stud 21 by first raising the bolt, a shoulder 13 of which engages the tumbler and lifts it clear. In the other form, the knob is rendered inoperative when the bolt is shot beyond the latching position by the key. The key-bit 33 is mounted permanently in the casing, and is rotated by a pin key passed through a warded keyhole.
Patent GB-185439-A (GB)
Title: Cracked petroleum oils and process and apparatus for producing same
Filed: 1921-03-11
Abstract: 185,439. Goold, L. W., (Universal Oil Products Co.). March 11, 1921. Hydrocarbons, cracking; separate heater and evaporator apparatus.-In converting heavy into light hydrocarbons as described in Specification 160,236, the primary heating zone is maintained at temperatures up to 875‹ F. and the pressure is maintained at about 135 lb. per sq. in., so that at least 45 per cent of the oil is converted into a distillate with a minimum gravity of 45‹ Be. In one form of apparatus, the oil enters by a tube 7, Fig. 2, and passes in succession through the horizontal tiers of tubes 6 and is discharged through a pipe 9 into wider tubes 11, in which vaporization takes place. The unvolatilized residue is withdrawn by a pipe 12. The vapours rise through tubes 18, U-connection 19, tubes 20, 21, 22, and inclined tubes 23, to a vertical tube, serving as a dephlegmator, and fitted with baffleplates, and valved connections at various heights which lead to a vertical pipe connected to the final condenser. The reflux from the vapour pipes and the dephlegmator is passed with the fresh oil to the heating-tubes 6. In a second form of apparatus, the fresh oil is allowed to fall down a dephlegmator 65, Fig. 5, in contact with the rising vapours, and is then pumped through tubes 70 heated by gas-burners 74 and discharged through an upturned pipe 89 into expansion chambers 81. The vapours pass through pipes 9'2, 94 to the dephlegmator 65 and thence to a final condenser 99. Incondensable gas may be burned in the burners 74, or may be used to replace the air in the expansion chambers after cleaning &c. The expansion chambers are fitted with draw-off pipes 125 - - 128, at different heights to retain carbon in the chamber, and are fitted with manholes 91 at the top and openings at the base to facilitate cleaning. The hot residue from one expansion chamber may be pumped into a second expansion chamber. A portion of the fresh oil and reflux from the base of the dephlegmator 65 may be withdrawn through a pipe 114, a cooler 116 and returned by a pump to the stream of. fresh oil entering the top of the dephlegmator.
Patent GB-1246412-A (GB)
Title: Improvements in fiber-optic light guide construction
IPC: H03K3/57
Filed: 1969-02-13
Abstract: 1,246,412. Triggering converters. GENERAL ELECTRIC CO. 13 Feb., 1969 [21 Feb., 1968], No. 7863/69. Heading H2F. [Also in Divisions G1 and G2] A signal transmission system comprises a plurality of electricity-to-light converters each coupled to every one of a plurality of light-toelectricity converters, by a fibre optic matrix. The matrix is formed by separating the fibres of a plurality of fibre-optic bundles, recombing equal numbers from each bundle to form a new set of bundles and potting the cross-over in a material such as epoxy resin or silicone rubber having a refractive index less than that of the fibre core. The electricity-light converters may be GaAs or GaAsP diodes and their operation may be checked by monitoring light guides, or if their radiation is invisible, a photo-cell and indicator lamp. As used to control the different levels of a solid-state valve, the light sources 31, 32 are permanently energized by a D.C. source 33 to permit their operability to be monitored, and pulsed to much brighter level by discharge of a capacitor 36 through a thyristor 37. The light pulses are received by a light-activated silicon controlled rectifier (LASCR) 26 through the signal transmission system, which, on conduction, discharges a capacitor 42 producing an output pulse in transformer 41. A choke 44 prevents operation of the LASCR by the steady illumination of the sources. To guard against lamp failure, the arrangement will operate with only one source 31, 32 functioning. Similarly paralleled LASCRs may be provided. Good electrical contact is made between metallic connectors and the ends of the fibre optic bundles to ensure an even voltage gradient along the bundle.
Patent GB-398845-A (GB)
Title: Improvements in or relating to the fitting of heels to boots or shoes
IPC: A43D8/48
Filed: 1932-03-17
Abstract: 398,845. Boot - making machines. BRITISH UNITED SHOE MACHINERY CO., Ltd., and HAZELTON, G., Union Works, Belgrave Road, Leicester. March 17, 1932, No. 7924. [Class 17 (i).] Heel seats, shaping.-Relates to a machine for forming a heel breast abutment for semi- Louis or Cuban heels on a shoe which has had a heel seat formed by a machine such as that described in Specification 331,934, [Class 17 (i), Boots and shoes, Apparatus for making &c.], and consists in a shoe support adapted to be forced towards a knife 65 to make a cut across the sole, in line with side shoulders formed by the prior machine, and a knife 59, adapted to skive the forward portion of the seat to complete the abutment. Preferably the device is carried by a bracket 33 secured to the column of the prior machine. The shoe support is of the kind described in Specification 306,192, [Class 17 (i), Boots and shoes, Apparatus for making &c.], slidable away from the knives for work positioning, and adapted to be raised by a lever 27 and treadle rod 31, the spring urging the support upwardly being omitted. To the knife 65 is clamped an adjustable abutment 79 for limiting the cut made by this knife. On each side of the knife is a gauge 71 for use in positioning the shoe so that the cut made may be in line with the shoulders previously made. The gauges are vertically adjustable by screws 75 and yield as the shoe moves upwardly, being backed by a leaf spring 77. The skiving knife 59 is adjustably clamped to a slide inclined at 5‹ to the horizontal and linked to a lever 43. A stop 91 determines the limit of forward movement of the slide, the knife 59 being adjusted so that at the end of its stroke it contacts with the knife 65. Specification 310,822, [Class 17 (i), Boots and shoes, Apparatus for making &c.], also is referred to.
Patent GB-834958-A (GB)
Title: Improvements in or relating to magnetic focusing systems for travelling wave tubes
Inventor: WEAVER FRANCIS JAMES
IPC: H01J23/087
Filed: 1958-03-12
Abstract: 834,958. Travelling wave tubes. ENGLISH ELECTRIC VALVE CO. Ltd. Dec. 11, 1958 [March 12, 1958], No. 7938/58. Class 39(1). A uniform spatial magnetic field is established in the region of the cathode, and an alternating spatial magnetic field is set up in the wave tube by means of permanent magnets 5, 6. . . (n-3), (n-2), Fig. 2. The magnets are arranged alternately so that the annular members 11 are uni-polar; they are shaped in such a manner as to produce magnet fields in delay winding space 2 contain delay helix 3 in alternate senses and alternatively relatively strong and weak. The diameters of the projections 14 on the members 11 slowly decrease to the diameter of projections 17 until the members assume the form of the members P in which region the field in the tube is of constant strength by alternating direction. The purpose of the variable positioning of the projections 14 is to compensate for the leakage field due to the field in the region of the electron gun.
Patent GB-492653-A (GB)
Title: Improvements in and relating to the production of plastics comprising zein
IPC: C08L89/00
Filed: 1937-03-18
Abstract: An aromatic alkylated sulphonamide is used as plasticizer in coating-compositions containing zein and a reactive aldehyde. Fillers, dyes and the like may be added.ALSO:Films and filaments are made from zein solutions containing a reactive aldehyde and an aromatic alkylated sulphonamide plasticizer.ALSO:An aromatic alkylated sulphonamide is used as plasticizer in compositions comprising the reaction product of zein and an aldehyde.  The compositions may be used in adhesives, lacquers, moulding compositions, and in making films, filaments, composition cork and laminated glass.  Fillers, dyes and the like may be added to the compositions.
Patent GB-266155-A (GB)
Title: Improvements in and connected with ladies toilet articles
IPC: A45D40/24
Filed: 1926-03-23
Abstract: 266,155. Hughes, G., (Arnold, J. TV., and Arnold, D. H., trading as Arnold & Co., F. R.). March 23, 1926. Advertising on toilet articles.-A case 44 containing strips of cardboard carrying cosmetics, rouge, &c., is provided with a window 45 disclosing a sheet of paper on which advertisements 47 may be printed or .notes 48 written.
Patent GB-1428329-A (GB)
Title: Continuous process for the production of copolymer dispersions
IPC: C08F14/06
Filed: 1974-02-21
Abstract: 1428329 Polymer latex BAYER AG 21 Feb 1974 [24 Feb 1973] 7992/74 Heading C3P An aqueous dispersion of a copolymer of 10- 30% (by wt.) ethylene, 20-89% vinyl chloride 0-69% vinyl acetate and 1-6% of a hydrophilic monomer containing at least one -SO 3 Me, -OSO 3 Me, -COOMe or -CONH 2  group (Me is H, Na, K or NH 4 ) is obtained by a continuous process at pH 3À5-8À5, 40-80‹ C. and 50-200 atmos. in the presence of 0À5-2À5% (based on water introduced) of an anionic emulsifier, 0À05-1À5% of a protective colloid and 0À1- 2À5% of a water-soluble initiator in which the average residence time is 2-3 hours, the ratio of ethylene introduced to other monomers is 0À1- 0À65 : 1, the ratio of vinyl chloride plus vinyl acetate to water introduced is 0À5-1À5 : 1 and the ratio of volume of dispersion to reactor volume is 0À5-0À99 : 1.
Patent GB-904815-A (GB)
Title: Glass attachment device
IPC: E05F11/38
Filed: 1961-03-06
Abstract: 904,815. Windows. CURRY, P. March 6, 1961, No. 7994/61. Class 20 (3). A sliding vehicle window 5 is covered along an edge with adhesively applied fabric 6 and a spring clip 7 is pressed into position over the fabric. The clip 7 is provided with barbs 9 for anchoring the clip to the fabric 6, and a portion 10 for joining the clip to the window regulator.
Patent GB-438318-A (GB)
Title: Improvements in spools for surgical or other adhesive tape or plaster
IPC: A61F15/00
Filed: 1935-03-15
Abstract: 438,318. Spool casings. MATHER, Ltd., W., and BERRY, E., Dyer Street, Hulme, Manchester. March 15, 1935, No. 8054. [Class 18] A spool for surgical &c. tape is provided with a cover or casing A of springy material and normally of oval or elliptical shape so as to grip the flanges b of the spool at the ends of its minor axis. The casing is in the form of a short tube.
Patent GB-139647-A (GB)
Title: Improvements in electric motor control systems
IPC: H02P7/282
Filed: 1919-03-31
Abstract: 139,647. British Thomson - Houston Co., and Pollock, A. A. March 31, 1919. Systems for continuous-current motors only.- A shunt-wound motor is given a compound characteristic by means of a solenoid h in the armature circuit which, on increase of the current. reduces the resistance in the field by acting on a carbon-pile resistance b. The resistance may be a rod dipping in mercury.