baber/WOPTO huggingface dataset:
Patent GB-1361006-A (GB)
Title: Electron multipliers
IPC: H01J43/24
Filed: 1971-08-02
Abstract: 1361006 Electron multipliers MULLARD Ltd 7 April 1972 [2 Aug 1971] 36250/71 Heading H1D A channel electron multiplier comprises two angled surface-conduction channel plates arranged in tandem with parallel channel axes and adequate channel to channel registration. As illustrated in Fig. 7 the channel plates may be spaced apart, preferably by a distance of less than one channel diameter, with a potential difference between the output electrode E2a of the first plate and the input electrode E1b of the second plate. Near the ends of both plates the electric field has a component normal to the axis which is sufficient to divert ions. The channels may be displaced normal to the axis by up, to half a channel diameter (Fig. 8, not shown), or the channels may be in contact (Fig. 6, not shown), with the electrodes E2a and E1b at the same potential. The multiplier may be used in an image intensifier either of the proximity type (Fig. 15, not shown) or of the inverter type (Fig. 16, not shown), and should be opaque to prevent optical feedback. Alternatively the multiplier may be used in display or in camera tubes. Electrode processing.-A boule of generally circular section is ground to an accurate location flat 2, Fig. 13a, provided with locating grooves 3, and sliced at an angle equal to the desired angle α of the end surfaces of the plate, e.g. 13 degrees. Channels are formed in each slice in known manner, and two adjacent slices Ca and Cb are placed in a V-shaped jig 4 where they are correctly aligned with the aid of end blocks 5 and 6 and the locating flat 2. The slices are secured by a clamp 7 and fixed together by rods or the like cemented into the grooves 3. The latter process requires heat which will oxidize the channels, so a further reduction step, e.g. in hot hydrogen, is required to provide the conductive surfaces in the channels. When the two plates are to be spaced apart, shims are inserted between the slices when they are placed in the jig. When the two plates are to be displaced laterally, the blocks 5 and 6 are angled at a smaller angle than the slices (Fig. 14, not shown).
Patent GB-523775-A (GB)
Title: Improvements in or relating to magnetically loaded cables for the transmission of electrical signals
IPC: H01B11/14
Filed: 1938-12-13
Abstract: 523,775. Electric cables. GENERAL ELECTRIC CO., Ltd., TURNER, H. C., and POLGREEN, G. R. Dec. 13, 1938, No. 36298. [Class 36] In a cable, such as a submarine concentric cable with gutta percha &c. insulation, or cables with air dielectric, having a substantially continuous covering of loading material for the, or a, conductor of the cable, said covering being formed under high compression from insulated magnetic powder, the loading is provided by closely arranged or abutting collars or sleeves arranged to fit one into another. In Fig. 1, the loading comprises pre-formed collars 1 with interlocking parts 2, 3. In another form, the collars have convex bevelling at one end and concave bevelling at the other, bevellings of adjacent collars fitting together. To increase flexibility, powdered insulating material, such as magnesia or talc may be placed between the collars. To facilitate threading on to the conductors, a number of collars may be assembled on a mandrel and wrapped with a layer of insulating material, such as that known under the Registered Trade Mark " Cellophane," suitably sealed. In Fig. 3, the collars 1 are formed in situ, the insulated magnetic powder being supplied from hopper 10 to a chamber 7 through which the conductor 4 passes, the powder being compressed by a ram 8 ; clamp 13 holds the parts during pressing operations. Material such as magnesia or talc may again be provided between collars 1, being supplied to chamber 7 so as to be applied to the face of ram 8 at the beginning of its stroke. The collars may be wrapped in a layer of sealed insulating material as before. Specifications 406,705, and 422, 958 are referred to.
Patent GB-433254-A (GB)
Title: Improvements in or relating to processes for the disintegration of calcium cyanamide
IPC: C05C7/02
Filed: 1933-12-19
Abstract: In disintegrating calcium cyanamide by the action of steam thereon, preferably at temperature above 100 DEG  C., acetylene is produced. The reaction may be conducted in a shaft provided with a perforated bottom through which the pulverulent calcium cyanamide drops.ALSO:Blocks, lumps or granules of calcium cyanamide are disintegrated by subjecting them to the action of steam or gases containing steam, preferably at temperatures above 100 DEG  C.  The action of the steam may be continued until all the free lime is hydrated and is preferably limited so that the water content of the product does not exceed 5 per cent.  The acetylene produced by the reaction can be utilized by combustion for the production of steam. The treatment has a diluting effect which may be assisted by the simultaneous or subsequent addition of solid admixtures. The steam employed can be produced by effecting the evaporation of water by means of the heat of hydration, the steam produced being employed for the treatment of the same or a fresh quantity of calcium cyanamide. The heat of hydration may be utilized by bringing the water into contact with the hot walls of the apparatus.  The reaction may be conducted in a shaft provided with a perforated bottom through which the pulverulent calcium cyanamide drops.  The treatment with steam may be interrupted and the hydration completed with water or steam.
Patent GB-959252-A (GB)
Title: Improvements in or relating to machines for teaching and imparting information
IPC: G09B7/06
Filed: 1962-09-25
Abstract: 959,252. Educational apparatus. BOLT, BERANEK & NEWMAN Inc. Sept. 25, 1962 [April 9, 1962], No. 36434/62. Heading G5G. Relates to question and answer apparatus in which a housing 1 contains a belt 3 successive sections of which are each marked with a question and four possible answers, each section being visible through an aperture or window 15 in a lid. The student has four switches 4, 4', 4<SP>11</SP>, 4<SP>111</SP> corresponding to the answers and each having two seriesconnected pairs of contacts 8 &c. and 14 &c. through section of the belt has a code of apertures A allowing passage of some of the contacts 14 &c. through the belt when switch 4 &c. is actuated so that the contacts 14 &c. are not made. There is no aperture however for the contact 14 &c. corresponding to the correct answer and when the corresponding switch 4 &c. is operated a circuit is completed to electric motor 11 through contact 8 &c. and that contact 14 &c. which is held closed by the superimposed belt 3. The motor 11 then advances the belt by one section. The electric motor may be replaced by a spring motor released by detents controlled by codes on the sections of the belt.
Patent GB-623427-A (GB)
Title: Improvements in buoyancy imparting means for vehicles
IPC: F41H7/00
Filed: 1946-12-10
Abstract: 623,427. Land and water craft. STRAUSSLER, N. Dec. 10, 1946, No. 36494. [Class 113 (ii)] A device for making a land vehicle flotable, of the type described in Specification 575,092, has the flexible wall 6 stiffened by frames 8, 9 and 10 secured to it, these all lying in a rigid trough 1, 4 surrounding the vehicle when in the collapsed position. The trough is closed by a hinged lid.
Patent GB-621914-A (GB)
Title: Improvements relating to electrical supply systems
IPC: B60L50/15
Filed: 1946-12-11
Abstract: 621,914. Self-contained supply systems. ENGLISH ELECTRIC CO., Ltd., and WOODFORD, C. G. A. Dec. 11, 1946, No. 36585. [Class 38 (iv)] Depending on two or more machines.-A supply system for an aircraft, ship or vehicle comprises, in addition to a main system normally fed by a variable speed generator driven by a propulsion engine, a constant speed set of mechanically coupled machines comprising (a) an alternator supplying apparatus requiring a constant frequency, (b) a direct current machine arranged to charge a battery and, alternatively, receive power from the battery to drive the set, and (c) a third machine arranged to receive power from the main system and normally drive the set and, alternatively, feed power to the main system. An auxiliary engine may be declutchably coupled to the constant speed set. As shown, a propulsion engine 10 of an aircraft drives a three-phase alternator 11 feeding a main supply system 12 and normally supplying an asynchronous machine 13 of a set 13-15, 17 which is maintained running at constant speed by automatic control of resistance 22 in the rotor circuit of machine 13, as described in Specification 621,860. The machine 14 supplies low- and high-voltage mains 24, 25 at constant frequency, say 400 c.p.s., and a constant frequency supply to mains 26 at, say, 1600 c.p.s. is provided by machine 17. A battery 18 is charged by machine 15 and supplies excitation for the three alternators. When the engine 10 is running at very slow speed, switch 23 is opened and D.C. excitation applied to the rotor of machine 13 which, driven either by the battery from machine 15 or by an auxiliary engine 19, then feeds the supply system 12, the battery being charged by the slowly running alternator 11 through a rectifier 20. When direct current is required for the main supply 12 this may be obtained by rectifying the output of the alternator 11. The asynchronous machine 13 is then replaced by a D.C. machine.
Patent GB-1006358-A (GB)
Title: Process for the preparation of epoxycarboxylic acids
Filed: 1962-09-26
Abstract: Epoxy carboxylic acids are made by con tacting an epoxyaldehyde with oxygen in an aqueous liquid medium in the presence of a silver catalyst whilst maintaining a pH of 7 to 11, preferably 8 to 10.5, by means of a base, e.g. sodium or potassium hydroxide, an amine or a quarternary ammonium salt, and optionally liberating the acid from the salt formed. Operation at 15 DEG  to 55 DEG  C. is preferred, and superatmospheric pressure may be used.  In the examples the conversion of epoxypropionic aldehyde using silver oxide and silver powder are described.
Patent GB-1007602-A (GB)
Title: Improvements in or relating to mine winders
Inventor: SHAW BERNARD ELLIOTT
IPC: B66D1/26
Filed: 1961-10-13
Abstract: 1,007,602. Mine hoist brakes. FULLERTON, HODGART & BARCLAY Ltd. Oct. 13, 1961, No. 36785/61. Heading B8B. [Also in Division F2] In a mine hoist having two winding drums which are clutched to a common drive shaft but have their cables running in opposite directions, brakes on the drums normally need to overcome only the outof-balance torque, but the brake on one drum may need to overcome a much higher torque if the other is declutched. The invention provides for such hoists a fluid pressure brake control valve by which, for any setting of a brake control lever, either of two different braking pressures may be delivered to an associated one of the pair of drums in accordance with whether or not the other drum is declutched. The valve includes at least one piston with a stepped face, so arranged that either the whole or only a part of its crosssection is exposed to the operating pressure in accordance with which type of braking is required. In the form of Fig. 1, pressure is applied to port 3 which is normally covered by the valve element 2. The latter, when moved to the right by control lever 8, allows the pressure to emerge through port 5 and actuate the brake. The braking pressure is returned to act on the annular face 10 of valve element 2 and on the corresponding face 12 of valve element 7 thus tending to collapse the spring 6 interposed between elements 2 and 7 and eventually cutting off the supply and thereby stabilizing the brake pressure when element 2 has moved sufficiently to the left to close port 3. During normal winding, a reversing valve 20 controlled by the hoist clutches causes the brake pressure to act also on the surfaces 11 and 13 of extensions to valve elements 2 and 7 respectively. When the other drum is declutched, the pressure supply to surfaces 11 and 13 is cut off so that the consequent lower effective cross-section of elements 2 and 7 produces a higher eventual pressure in the brake. To switch off the brake, lever 8 is returned and the system vented through port 4. In Fig. 2, valve element 2 (which controls ports 3, 4 and 5 in the manner described above) works in a separate cylinder from valve element 19 (which corresponds to element 7 of the Fig. 1 form). Only the latter element has a stepped face the pressure facing surfaces being 17 and 18, corresponding to faces 12 and 13 respectively in Fig. 1. In this case, however, the movement of element 2 during pressure build-up is achieved by the indirect coupling of elements 2 and 19 through operating lever 14.
Patent GB-436833-A (GB)
Title: Improvements in yarn winding apparatus
IPC: B65H59/16
Filed: 1934-12-22
Abstract: 436,833. Winding yarns. BRITISH CELANESE, Ltd., 22, Hanover Square, London. Dec. 22, 1934, No. 36814. Convention date, Dec. 27, 1933. [Class 120 (ii)] Yarn 4, drawn from a stationary supply of a winding apparatus, is tensioned by being passed around a rotatable spool 14 and over a pulley 15 at the end of a member 16 which has a portion 18 bent to the curvature of the spool and disposed adjacent the periphery thereof so that normally the portion 18 is held by the tension of the yarn 4 away from the spool 14 but upon excessive slackening or breakage of the yarn it moves into contact with the spool and applies a braking force thereto. The member 16 may be in the form of a flexible rod to compensate for minor irregularities in the tension of the yarn and the resistance to the rotation of the spool may be adjusted by varying the weight 26 at the end of a band 24 passing around a groove 27 in the spool. The rod 16 is fixed by a coiled portion around a shaft 25 in a bar adjustable vertically in the standard 11 to which the bar 8 supporting the supply spool 5 is fixed.
Patent GB-1213449-A (GB)
Title: A process for the disproportionation of olefins
Inventor: SINGLETON DAVID MICHAEL
IPC: C07C1/00
Filed: 1969-07-23
Abstract: 1,213,449. Disproportionating olefins. SHELL INTERNATIONALE RESEARCH MAATSCHAPPIJ N.V. 23 July, 1969 [25 July, 1968], No. 36965/69. Heading C5E. Hydrocarbons having at least one ethylenically unsaturated linkage, the carbon atoms of which are each bound to at least one hydrogen atom, are disproportionated in the presence of a catalyst produced by contacting a W<SP>IV</SP> and/or a MO<SP>IV</SP> salt with an aluminium trihalide. The reaction may be effected at 0-200 C. and 1-80 atmospheres preferably with a heterogeneous catalyst produced by reacting a WCl 4  or MoCl 4  with 3-30 moles of AlCl 4 , the catalyst optionally containing a small amount of triarylphosphine modifier. The starting material may be acyclic, monocyclic or polycyclic hydrocarbons containing up to 3 non- conjugated double bonds. Examples describe the disproportionation of 2-pentene to 2- butene and 3-hexene; the ring-opening reaction of cyclo-octene and 2-butene to give 2-10 dodecadiene; and the ring-opening reaction of bicyclo[2,2,1]hept-2-ene and 2-butene to give 1,3-dipropenylcyclopentane.
Patent GB-368759-A (GB)
Title: Improvements relating to the scavenging air chambers of two-stroke cycle internal combustion engines
IPC: F02B75/02
Filed: 1930-12-09
Abstract: 368,759. Cylinders. HEMMINGSEN, T. V., 4, Ove Billes Tvaervej, Copenhagen. Dec. 9, 1930, No. 37083. [Class 7 (ii).] In a two-stroke cylinder a belt of scavenging ports 4 is fed by sickle-shaped chambers 6, 7 having sloping roofs 13, and curved bottom surfaces 11, which cause any deposited oil to flow into the cylinder. The water space, above and below the belt, is formed by integral parts of the liner so that leakage of cooling water to the chambers 6, 7 cannot occur. The bars between the ports 4 are rounded externally.
Patent GB-1407452-A (GB)
Title: Porous electrode for cathodic evolution of hydrogen
IPC: C25B11/08
Filed: 1972-08-10
Abstract: 1407452 Porous electrode for electrolysis CESKOSLOVENSKA AKADEMIE VED 10 Aug 1972 [13 Aug 1971 28 Sept 1971] 37451/72 Headings C7B and C7D A porous electrode for cathodic evolution of hydrogen comprises a fundamental porous layer (e.g. of Ni), a cover porous layer (e.g. of Cu) which has an overpotential for evolution of hydrogen higher than that of the fundamental layer and, between these two layers, a third porous layer (e.g. containing Ni and Cu). The fundamental layer contains two mutually penetrating pore systems, the first of which contains pores of a radius not exceeding 1.5 Ám and the second of which contains pores of a radius at least 2.5 Ám larger than that of the greatest pores of the first pore system. The third layer is made of material containing 10-90 wt per cent of the material of the cover layer and 90-10 wt per cent of the material of the fundamental layer, the radius of the pores in the third layer being the same as that in the cover layer. The third layer may contain particles of a substance capable of catalyzing combination of O 2  with H2, e.g. Ag or Pt. For example, an electrode is made by compressing layers of powders in a mould and thereafter annealing them. The powders used are:- for the fundamental layer carbonyl Ni, ammonium oxalate and Roney Ni; for the third layer electrolytic Cu, carbonyl Ni and silver oxalate; and for the cover layer electrolytic Cu. The layers are pressed at 900 kg/cm<SP>2</SP> providing pressed layer thicknesses of 1mm, 0.25 mm and 0.7mm respectively. The compact piece is removed from the mould and annealed in H 2  for 1 hour at 450‹C. The resultant material has in the fundamental layer a pore system of 10-15 Ám average radius and has in all three layers a pore network having radii of about 1 Ám.
Patent GB-868608-A (GB)
Title: Improvements relating to cloche clips
IPC: A01G13/04
Filed: 1958-11-21
Abstract: 868,608. Spring clips. RUMSEY, W. Oct. 19, 1959 [Nov. 21, 1958], No. 37472/58. Addition to 757,423. Class 44. A cloche clip consists of a single metal sheet formed to the shape of an isosceles triangle with two right angular shaped portions 6, 7 external to the triangle, one arm, 4 or 5, of each said portion extending parallel to one sloping side of the triangle and forming with that side clamping means for the edge portion of a glass sheet.
Patent GB-1376774-A (GB)
Title: Lubricants for use in cutting hot metals
IPC: C10M169/00
Filed: 1972-08-11
Abstract: 1376774 Greases VSESOJUZNY NAUCHNO - ISSLEDOVATELSKY INSTITUT OKHRANY TRUDA VTSSPS 11 Aug 1972 [18 Aug 1971] 37515/72 Heading C5F A metal-cutting lubricant contains (in wt. per cent), aluminium powder (15-25), graphite 2-3À5), potash soap (15-20) the balance being castor oil. Potash soap is defined as the soap made from vegetable oil and KOH. Potassium palmitate, stearate and oleate are specified. The grease-like product is less toxic, and more effective than conventional lubricants used in hot metal-working.
Patent GB-368842-A (GB)
Title: Improvements in automatic control systems for dynamo-electric machines
IPC: H02P9/10
Filed: 1930-12-12
Abstract: 368,842. Protective cutout arrangements. BRITISH THOMSON - HOUSTON CO., Ltd., Crown House, Aldwych, London.-(Assignees of Bany, H. ; 904, Myra Avenue, Yeadon, Pennsylvania, U.S.A.) Dec. 12, 1930, No. 37545. Convention date, Dec. 12, 1929. IClass 38 (v).] An automatic protective system for a dynamo - electric machine has voltage regulating means arranged to be maintained during starting in a condition to give substantially no load voltage, so that the voltage may build up quickly but operative, after the machine has been disconnected for abnormal load, to reduce the voltage to a minimum and to prevent re-connection of the machine until this has been effected. The system automatically re-connects the machine with the load circuit. It is described with reference to a star-delta started motor-generator, synchronized by the application of a weak field when near synchronous speed. The motor 2 drives the dynamo 3 and an exciter 4. The field circuit of the machine 3 includes a rheostat the arm 34 of which is automatically controlled by a reversible motor 35 and voltage lowering and raising relays 36, 37, respectively, so as to maintain the position shown during starting and to regulate the voltage when running. A resistance 46 is connected in series with the machine 3 and a circuit breaker 47 is arranged to short-circuit this. A relay 50 controls the closing coil of this breaker and is energized by a polarized relay 54 subject to the exciter voltage through contacts 67 which are closed when the rheostat arm 34 has, during starting, moved into position to give normal no load volts. Auxiliary contacts in the field circuit switch 33 render a polarized voltage differential relay 40 operative to raise the voltage of the machine 3 to a value at which contacts 80 of the relay 40 energize the closing coil of a circuit breaker 8 and put the machine on load. When an overload trips the circuitbreaker 47 and auxiliary contacts thereon have caused the field switch 33, and consequently the circuit breaker 8 also, to open, contacts 90 in the open field switch energize the relay 36 to bring the rheostat arm 34 to minimum voltage position, whereupon auxiliary contacts 92 on the rheostat energize the relay 50 to reclose the circuit breaker 47, followed by reclosing of the field circuit switch 33 and the functioning of the relay 40 to parallel the machine at correct voltage.
Patent GB-1109856-A (GB)
Title: Improvements in or relating to arc welding fluxes and methods of manufacturing the same
IPC: B23K35/362
Filed: 1965-09-02
Abstract: A granulated flux for submerged arc welding of iron and steel consists of granules which are bonded by a bonding agent consisting substantially of boric oxide.  The fluxing constituents are felspar, rutile, hausmannite, fluorpar, silicomanganese, calcined bauxite, silica, calcined dolomite and the boric oxide forms 1-10% by weight of the flux which may also contain 0.5% of cellulose ester. The flux is made from the powder mixture by shaping, preferably extrusion, heating to above the melting point of boric oxide e.g. 450 DEG -600 DEG C., cooling and granulating the compact.  One dimension of the extruded product is equal to the required size of granule and notches or incisions may be produced on the extrusion to aid the granulating step.
Patent GB-1437037-A (GB)
Title: Protective device for hinged elements
IPC: E05F7/00
Filed: 1973-08-08
Abstract: 1437037 Doors W EHRET 8 Aug 1973 [5 March 1973] 37689/73 Heading E1J A protective device for two hinged elements 1, 2 comprises a member attached to one element to cover the gap between the elements during hinging through 90. In Fig. 3 part cylindrical members 9, 10 are secured respectively to a door 1 and frame 2. The members are of the same or different curvature and have axis B, B' spaced from or at the hinge axis 4, and may engage or remain spaced during movement In Fig. 6 (not shown) the ends of the members slide in an intermediate member (18). In Figs. 9, 10 (not shown) an end of a flexible member slides in a slot in an element. In Figs. 11, 12 (not shown) a cylinder (35) on the edge of a glass panel (1) engages strips (37) on the frame which may have a recess (shown dotted). In Fig. 13 (not shown) strips on the frame engage a panel on opening.
Patent GB-1012813-A (GB)
Title: Spark plugs
Inventor: JUKES NORMAN ALFRED
IPC: H01T13/22
Filed: 1962-10-05
Abstract: 1,012,813. Sparking plugs. JOSEPH LUCAS (INDUSTRIES) Ltd. Oct. 2, 1963 [Oct. 5, 1962], No. 37725/62. Heading FIB. A sparking plug comprises in combination an insulating body 4, a main conductor 5 embedded within the body, a plurality of further conductors 6 embedded within the body, portions of the further conductors extending parallel to the main conductor to define therewith a plurality of capacitors and the ends of the further conductors extending from the body so as each to define one terminal of a plurality of spark gaps and a metallic body 7 secured to the insulating body and carrying the other terminals 8 of the spark gaps.