Patent GB-1098119-A (GB)
Title: Transceiver with self-tuning transmitter controlled by receiver
IPC: H04B1/44
Filed: 1966-05-02
Abstract: 1,098,119. Automatic frequency control systems; superheterodyne circuits; automatic gain control. BENDIX CORPORATION. May 2, 1966 [May 3, 1965], No. 19235/66. Headings H3A, H3Q and H3T. A radio transmitter-receiver adapted to operate on any one of a large number of channels comprises a receiver section including crystal controlled oscillators which are used to select the required channel; when transmitting, part of the signal is fed through part of the receiver to a phase discriminator 43 where it is compared with signals from a reference oscillator 44 in the receiver to develop an error signal used to control the transmitted frequency. When the transmitter is first switched on, a search unit 60 (capacitor 815 in Fig. 3A, not shown) applies a sawtooth voltage via D.C. amplifier 45 to current variable inductors 32 and 34 (shown in detail in Fig. 3) in a master oscillator 31 and power amplifier 33, thereby sweeping the frequency through the range. When the frequency is nearly correct, the phase discriminator 43 (diodes 840, 841 in Fig. 2D, not shown) produces an A.C. output which is amplified and fed to varactors (707, 708, in Fig. 3, not shown) in the transmitter oscillator to frequency-modulate it, thereby sweeping the transmitter repeatedly through the correct frequency. When the frequency is correct, the discriminator output is D.C. (on line 848 in Figs. 2D and 4A) and is used to control the inductances 32 and 34. The absence of an A.C. output from the discriminator now removes an inhibition from a transmit-enable unit 48, which in response to receiving the transmitted signal from I.F. amplifier 24 stops the sweep circuit 60, changes the antenna relay 12 from receiver to transmitter and removes an inhibiting bias from amplifier 33 so that transmission can now proceed. Superheterodyne circuits.-The input signals range between 116 and 149À975 Mc/s. and are fed through amplifier 13 to a mixer 14. The local oscillator 15<SP>1</SP> (shown in detail in Fig. 2A) includes 18 crystals, one of which is selected according to the required channel by means of a logic circuit 50 to reduce the range of signals to just under 1 Mc/s. A second local oscillator 18 (shown in detail in Fig. 2B) includes 10 crystals and feeds a second mixer 17 which produces one of two output frequencies. A third local oscillator 21 and a reference oscillator 44 operate at one of two crystal-controlled frequencies and the output of the third mixer 20 is a signal at 455 kc./s. which is filtered at 23 and amplified at 24. A squelch circuit 29 disables the audio amplifier 28 when there is no I.F. signal and comprises a crystal controlled mixer-oscillator 625, Fig. 2E, supplied with the I.F. signal and feeding a narrow band filter 626, a further mixer 627 and a second crystal controlled mixer-oscillator (628, Fig. 2F, not shown), the output of which is rectified to control a switching transistor (630) controlling the bias on an audio amplifier (636). Automatic gain control.-The first stage of the I.F. amplifier 24 comprises a transistor 601, Fig. 2E, having as emitter load a resistance 605 shunted by a diode 606 in series with a capacitor 608 shunted by a second resistance 607. At low signal levels the capacitor 608 by-passes the resistance 605, but at higher levels rectified charge stored on the capacitor reduces the conduction cycle of the diode and removes the by-pass and thereby reduces the gain. In addition, the usual A.G.C. voltage is fed back on line 508 from the audio detector 25 via two directly coupled transistors 616 and 617. The base circuit of the second transistor 617 is coupled by a diode 619 to the collector circuit of a third transistor 618, the base of which is earthed through a variable resistance 620 acting as sensitivity control. If this transistor is cut off it has no effect, but if it conducts the A.G.C. voltage is reduced.