Patent GB-106517-A (GB)
IPC: B41B7/18
Abstract: 106,517. Barr, M., and Maw, T. F. May 18, 1916. Single-type composing and casting machines.- A machine for casting justified lines of type comprises mechanism adapted. automatically and independently of commensurability, to add together the set widths of the type in a line independently of the justifying-spaces, subtract the sum from the lock-up length of the line, divide the remainder by the number of -spaces in the line, and set a device determining the set-width of the mould for casting justifying-spaces which together with all the other bodies will with almost mathematical accuracy fill out the line to lock-up length. The machine may embody the mould described in Specification 106,603, and the types may be cast by the method described in Specification 106,602, in which one wall of the mould is constituted by a previously cast type and there is no fusion of this type. The machine described below is provided with keyboard mechanism for presenting the selected matrices in succession to the mould, the matrices being carried by levers mounted in a set of drums, one for each fount. Keyboards; matrices.-(1) The keyboard comprises keys 2, Figs. 1 and 5, for characters, quads, and other type-bodies, each key being adapted to project two of a vertical series of tongues 14 in a drum 15. The keys, preferably ninety being provided, each actuate one of a series of slides 6 formed with two projections engaging bails 9 connected by resilient rods 13 to the tongues. The drum contains sectors 20, 20<a> which are frictionally coupled to a shaft 23 driven by a worm 21 on a shaft 287 and are advanced step by step under the control of an escapement 28 connected by a link 32 to a universal bail 35 operated by the key-levers. The drum is formed with horizontal grooves 17 which co-operate with pairs of callipers 36 mounted on the sectors, each sector being provided with a sufficient number of pairs of callipers for setting up a line. Each pair of callipers consists of two legs pivoted on a block 37 pivoted on the sector and formed with an arm 42 adapted engage a rod 43 coupled to a lever 45 operated by the universal bar 35. On depressing any key 2, the pair of callipers opposite the tongues is moved inwards, and the legs are released from the middle pair of tongues 14 and are moved apart by a spring 38 into engagement with the projected pair of tongues. On releasing the key, the sectors are stepped forward, and the legs enter two of the grooves 17. For re-setting a wrongly-set pair of callipers, the sectors are rotated backward until this pair of callipers re-engages the tongues. An abnormal movement is then given to the rod 43 by a key 47. thus causing the legs to be closed by engaging cams 40. The callipers to the right of that erroneously-set enter grooves 17<a> to the right of the tongues, and the setting of these callipers is not disturbed. The grooves 17 extend to noses 50 un stop-levers 51 and lead into a single tapered groove, which leads to the middle one of the grooves 17<a> and serves to close the callipers after they have operated the stop-levers 51. On depressing the justifying-space key 4, Fig. 1, the sectors are stepped forward, and one of the pairs of callipers is released and its bottom leg is moved down to the maximum extent, and is then in position to operate, as described below, a stop-lever 404 for determining the casting of justifying-spaces. The provision of two sectors enable one line to be cast while another is being composed. Whilst the callipers are operating the stop-levers, the sectors are operated by a worm 57 which engages a rack 58 and is geared to a shaft 61. (2) Magazines 89, each provided with a fount of matrices 95 carried by levers 90, can be turned bodily on a pivot 88 to bring a selected magazine under a matrixselecting device comprising stop-drums 55, 56 which co-operate with the stop-levers 51. Preferably, there are five magazines each with ninety levers 90. The stop-drums are frictionally driven by a shaft 66 provided with a driving-pinion 65, driven through intermediate gearing by a worm 380 on the shaft 61. The peripheries of the stopdrums are divided into ninety equal divisions by stops 73, 74, Fig. 9, respectively, the stops 73 being arranged in nine groups of ten, and the stops 74 in ten groups of nine. The stop-drum 56 is provided with nine equidistant plungers 76 operated by a spider 77, and the stop-drum 56 is provided with ten equidistant levers 85 connected to pins 87 for operating plungers 92 connected to the matrix levers 90. The spider is rocked by a lever 79, 83 engaging a cam 84 on the shaft 61. As each pair of callipers 36 passes the stop-levers 51, two are selectively projected into the path of the stops 73, 74, and the stop-drums are thus arrested in positions in which one of the plungers 76 is over one of the levers 85. The impact of the levers is received by a buffer ring 110, Fig. 23, mounted on a plate 100, described below. (3) The matrices 95 are each provided with a square stem 96, Fig. 16, entering a slightly larger socket in the associated lever, the arrangement permitting the matrix to be pressed against the mould by a plunger 72 and to be moved a short distance laterally by the plate 100 for alinement. A spring 99 engaging the head of the stem 96 holds the matrix in the lever. The plate 100 is provided with an aperture for the matrices and, prior to each cast, is rocked against a stop 106 by means of a link 107 connected to a lever 108. The formative cavity 101 of each character-matrix is provided on the leading side with a narrow wall, and' on the following side with a shoulder 102, which is at the same distance from the cavity for all matrices. Blank matrices may be provided for casting ordinary or high or low quads. The plunger 72 is engaged by a lever 387 separably connected to a lever 385 operated by a cam 384 on the shaft 61. Justifying type.-(1) The total width of the character-types and quads set to form a line is measured by devices comprising a slide 157 operated by a lever 169, Fig. 31, acting through a magnetic gripper 171, the movements of the lever being determined by key-controlled stops. The gripper consists of a three-pronged magnet which engages the slide 157 and can slide in a housing 174 provided with a coil 175 surrounding the middle prong. On depressing any of the keys 2, the coil 175 is energized, and the magnet 171, with the slide 157, is advanced against the pressure of a spring 176. On releasing the key, the circuit of the coil 175 is broken, and the magnet is returned by the spring 176. The slide is held in the set position by a magnetic gripper 177, the circuit of which is closed on releasing the key. The stop-devices for the lever 169 are mounted in a series of drums 158, one for each magazine, bodily rotatable to bring the required drum into position. The set of drums 158 may be geared through the shaft 407 to the set of drums 89. The keys 2 operate rods 161 in alinement with the cranked ends of rods 160 mounted in the drums 158. All the rods 160 associated with types of the same width are secured to the same one of a series of disks 162 which can slide laterally on a guide 163. Each disk is secured to an individual rod 162<a> provided with a finger 165 passing through the end of the drum. The fingers are arranged in one quadrant of the drum in different angular positions. The key-levers are connected by links 208, Fig. 1, and levers 209 to levers 215, Fig. 31, engaging the rods 160. The lever 169 is connected by a link 218 to a lever 219 operated by the levers 215, these being arranged in two banks, one bank engaging a bail 222 on the lever 219, and the other bank engaging a bail 223 which engages the bail 222. The movement of the lever 169 is limited by a helical cam 159 controlled by the fingers 165, a yielding connexion 227 being provided between the link 218 and the lever 219 to take up excess motion. The cam 159 is secured to a shaft 167 provided with an arm, 166, which is arrested by the projected finger 165. A bellcrank 229 is provided with a pin 230, which normally locks the arm but, when the bell-crank is rocked, moves the arm until it is arrested. The bell-crank is yieldingly connected to a link 236 on a rocking bail 238 engaging both banks of levers 215. (2) The mechanism shown in Fig. 39 is provided for subtracting the length determined by the slide 157 from the lock-up length of line and dividing the difference by the number of justifying. spaces in the line. The mechanism sets a slide 153 which acts as a stop for a wedge 134 in connexion with the mould, described below. The mechanism comprises the slide 153, a rack 190, and slides 178, 179 provided respectively with V's 181, 184 adapted to engage the rungs 188 of a ladder 189, which is mounted on the rack and is provided with a projection 199 engaging a head 200 on the slide 153. At each operation of the spacekey 4, a pawl 191 advances the rack a distance equal to that between two rungs. A detent 371 holds the rack in the set position. Prior to the casting of each line, the slides 178, 179 are moved in opposite directions by means of a cable 183, which passes over a pulley 182 on the slide 178 and is secured to the slide 179. The normal distance between the V's 181, 184 represents the lock-up length of the line, and the slide 178 is arrested by a hook 201 on the slide 157, the travel of the slide 179 thus representing the difference required. The ladder is pivoted at 192 to a yoke 193, which can slide on the rack and is pressed to the left by a spring, the arrangement permitting the rung engaged by the V to descend vertically. The mechanism shown is adapted for use in a machine in which the maximum number of spaces is twenty, the projection 199 being placed at the tenth rung, and the wedge 134 having an inclination of one in ten. Owing to the properties of similar triangles, the difference refe