baber/WOPTO huggingface dataset:
Patent EP-0706686-B1 (EP)
Inventor: WOODHILL JAMES R
IPC: G06F11/14
Filed: 1994-07-01
Granted: 1998-10-14
Abstract: The present invention is directed to a system and method for the distributed management of the storage space and data on a networked computer system wherein the networked computer system includes at least two storage devices for storing data files comprised of one or more binary objects. The distributed storage management system includes a device for selectively copying the binary objects stored on one of the storage devices to another of the storage devices and another device for calculating a current value for a binary object identifier for selected binary objects stored on the storage devices wherein the calculation of the binary object identifier is based upon the actual data contents of the associated binary object. The distributed storage management system further includes a device for storing the current value of the binary object identifier as a previous value of the binary object identifier, another device for comparing the current value of the binary object identifier associated with a particular binary object to one or more previous values of the binary object identifier associated with that particular binary object and a device for commanding the device for selectively copying binary objects in response to the device for comparing.
Patent EP-0688983-B1 (EP)
Inventor: YONEZAWA KEITARO
IPC: F16K1/30
Filed: 1995-06-14
Granted: 1999-12-15
Abstract: A gas inlet (4), an inlet passage (8), a stop valve (7), an outlet passage (9) and a gas outlet (5) are communicated orderly with one another within a valve casing (3). The outlet passage (9) is communicated with the inlet passage (8) through a gas charging passage (10). A check valve (11) for blocking a flow from the inlet passage (8) to the outlet passage (9) is arranged in the gas charging passage (10). When a vacant gas cylinder (1) is charged with a high-pressure gas, the charge gas is supplied to a gas charging mouthpiece (17) connected to the gas outlet (5) while the stop valve (7) is kept closed. Thereupon, an interior space (A) of the gas cylinder (1) is charged with the charge gas from the outlet (5) through the check valve (11) and the gas inlet (4) in order. <IMAGE>
Patent EP-0729350-B1 (EP)
Inventor: NEW ROGER RANDAL CHARLES
IPC: A61Q19/00
Filed: 1994-11-14
Granted: 2001-03-07
Abstract: Single phase preparations of hydrophilic species, in particular macromolecular compounds such as proteins or glycoproteins in a hydrophobic solvent such as an oil can be obtained by preparing a hydrophile/amphiphile array in which the hydrophilic head groups of the amphiphile are orientated towards the hydrophilic species and bringing the array into contact with the hydrophobic solvent. The preparations of the invention can be used alone or can be combined with an aqueous phase to form emulsions in which the hydrophilic species is present in the hydrophobic phase. The compositions of the present invention are versatile and have application in the pharmaceutical, food, cosmetic, chemical and agricultural industries.
Patent EP-0741707-B1 (EP)
Inventor: FENTON GARRY
IPC: A61P15/00
Filed: 1995-01-26
Granted: 1998-04-01
Abstract: This invention is directed to compounds of formula (I), wherein R<1> is an optionally substituted lower alkyl group; R<2> is an optionally substituted oxaaliphatic group; R<3> is an optionally substituted aryl group or an optionally substituted heteroaryl group; Q<1>, Q<2> and Q<3> are independently nitrogen, CX or CH; Z<1> is oxygen or sulfur; Z<2> is -CH=CH-, -CC-, -CH2-CZ-, -CZCH2-, -CZ-CZ-, -CH2-NH-, -CH2-O-, -CH2-S-, -CX2-O-, -CZNH-, -NH-CH2-, -O-CH2_, -SCH2-, -SOCH2-, -SO2CH2-, -O-CX2-, -O-CZ-, -NH-CZ-, -N=N-, -NH-SO2-, -SO2-NH-, -CZ-CZ-NH-, -NH-CO-O-, -O-CO-NH- or -NH-CO-NH-; Z is oxygen or sulfur; and X is halo; or an N-oxide thereof or a pharmaceutically acceptable salt thereof, which possess useful pharmaceutical properties. They are especially useful for inhibiting the production or physiological effects of TNF and inhibit cyclic AMP. The present invention is also directed to their pharmaceutical use, pharmaceutical compositions containing the compounds, and methods for their preparation.
Patent EP-0740625-B1 (EP)
Title: Rear steering axle directional control linkage for road vehicles
Inventor: LOHR ROBERT
IPC: B62D13/00
Filed: 1995-01-23
Granted: 1998-06-10
Abstract: PCT No. PCT/FR95/00066 Sec. 371 Date Jul. 25, 1996 Sec. 102(e) Date Jul. 25, 1996 PCT Filed Jan. 23, 1995 PCT Pub. No. WO95/20516 PCT Pub. Date Aug. 3, 1995A two-state directional control linkage (11) for controlling a steering axle, comprising a device for activating and deactivating the linkage (11) to lock the linkage in the operative position of the device and unlock it in the inoperative position thereof such that said device no longer transmits control movements. The linkage is particularly useful in public transport road vehicles.
Patent EP-0758407-B1 (EP)
Inventor: DAUB HANS WERNER
IPC: C22C1/05
Filed: 1995-03-29
Granted: 1998-02-11
Abstract: PCT No. PCT/DE95/00434 Sec. 371 Date Sep. 30, 1996 Sec. 102(e) Date Sep. 30, 1996 PCT Filed Mar. 29, 1995 PCT Pub. No. WO95/30030 PCT Pub. Date Nov. 9, 1995A cermet including a cermet core zone in which the content of a binder amounts to at most 90% by mass in relationship to a cermet hard phase is formed with a 0.01 to 3 um deep surface layer having an increased resistance to wear compare to the cermet core zone.
Patent EP-0753003-B1 (EP)
Inventor: TSUBOTANI SHIGETOSHI
IPC: A61K38/00
Filed: 1995-04-12
Granted: 1999-06-16
Abstract: PCT No. PCT/JP95/00718 Sec. 371 Date Sep. 5, 1995 Sec. 102(e) Date Sep. 5, 1995 PCT Filed Apr. 12, 1995 PCT Pub. No. WO95/28416 PCT Pub. Date Oct. 26, 1995The present invention relates to a compound of the formula:    <IMAGE>  [I]  wherein R1 and Q are independently an optionally esterified or amidated carboxyl group; R2 is hydrogen, an acyl group or an optionally substituted hydrocarbon residue; X is a divalent hydrocarbon residue which may be substituted; or a salt thereof, which is useful as prophylactic and therapeutic agents of bone diseases and as agents for inhibiting thiol protease.
Patent EP-0764635-B1 (EP)
Inventor: FUJII HIROSHI
IPC: B41M5/155
Filed: 1995-06-01
Granted: 2002-03-27
Abstract: L'invention concerne un dérivé de diphénylesulfone représenté par la formule générale (I), et un matériau pour enregistrement contenant au moins un tel dérivé, présentant une très bonne aptitude à la conservation de la zone sans image et une grande résistance aux plastifiants et à l'huile. Dans ladite formule (I), Y représente un groupe hydrocarbure C1-C12 saturé ou non saturé, linéaire ou ramifié, un groupe hydrocarbure C1-C8 présentant une liaison éther, ou bien un groupe de formule générale (a), où R représente méthylène ou éthylène; R?1, R2, R3 et R4¿ représentent chacun alkyle inférieur ou alcényle inférieur; m représente le nombre entier 0, 1 ou 2; et n, p, q et r représentent chacun un nombre entier pouvant aller de 0 à 4, à condition que lorsque n, p, q et r représentent chacun 2 ou un nombre supérieur, R¿1?, R2, R3 et R4 puissent être différents l'un de l'autre.
Patent EP-0759992-B1 (EP)
Inventor: HAMPEL ARNOLD
IPC: C12Q1/68
Filed: 1995-05-15
Granted: 2004-10-27
Abstract: The present invention is related to synthetic ribozymes, i.e. ribozymes including a hairpin portion, binding sites for binding to a human papilloma virus (HPV) after viral base 419 or 434, respectively, and cleavage sites for cleaving HPV virus are disclosed. The invention also includes a diagnostic assay for determining the presence of HPV-16 in tissues based on PCR amplification. <IMAGE>
Patent EP-0766756-B1 (EP)
Inventor: GANNON JAMES MARTIN
IPC: D01F2/00
Filed: 1995-06-19
Granted: 1998-09-02
Abstract: PCT No. PCT/GB95/01440 Sec. 371 Date Dec. 4, 1996 Sec. 102(e) Date Dec. 4, 1996 PCT Filed Jun. 19, 1995 PCT Pub. No. WO95/35400 PCT Pub. Date Dec. 28, 1995A process of manufacturing lyocell fiber with an increased tendency to fibrillation which includes dissolving cellulose in a tertiary amine N-oxide solvent to form a solution. The degree of polymerization of the cellulose is not more than about 450 and the concentration of cellulose in the solution is at least 16 percent by weight. The solution is extruded through a die to form a plurality of filaments which are washed to remove the solvent, thereby forming the lyocell fiber which is then dried.
Patent EP-0763110-B1 (EP)
Inventor: ZAVADA JAN
IPC: G01N33/577
Filed: 1995-06-15
Granted: 2005-06-01
Abstract: Among other aspects of the MN genomic sequence, disclosed is an isolated nucleic acid characterized in that it has MN promoter regulatory activity, contains at least 16 nucleotides and has a nucleotide sequence selected from:(a) the MN promoter nucleotide sequence as shown in accompanying Figure 6, and nucleotide sequences complementary to the said MN promoter nucleotide sequence; and (b) nucleotide sequences that are at least 80% homologous to the nucleotide sequences of (a) and to the complements of the said nucleotide sequences. <IMAGE>
Patent EP-0765338-B1 (EP)
Inventor: LEVY ODILE ESTHER
IPC: A61P7/02
Filed: 1995-06-19
Granted: 1999-04-21
Abstract: The present invention provides peptide aldehydes having an azetidinyl, prolyl or pipecolyl group as part of the peptide backbone and an arginine mimic group such as an amidinopiperidine or amidinophenyl tail. These compounds are potent and specific inhibitors of thrombin. Their pharmaceutically acceptable salts, pharmaceutically acceptable compositions thereof, and methods of using them as therapeutic agents for disease states in mammals characterized by abnormal thrombosis are also described.
Patent EP-0738434-B1 (EP)
Inventor: SIEGLE VOLKER
IPC: G08C19/00
Filed: 1995-08-17
Granted: 2001-10-31
Abstract: Un outil électrique doté d'un dispositif permettant alternativement la mise en service ou la mise hors service d'un outil, comporte un récepteur (7) de signal de code et un dispositif (11) de commande électronique portés par l'outil. Ledit dispositif de commande (11) est adapté pour être commuté en mode opérationnel lorsqu'un signal (4) de code est reçu par le récepteur (7) de signal de code et pour être commuté en mode hors service lorsque la tension d'alimentation est coupée ou lorsqu'une certaine durée de fonctionnement est achevée, le dispositif de commande (11) restant en mode hors service jusqu'à ce que le signal (4) de code soit reçu par le récepteur (7) de signal de code.
Patent EP-0791119-B1 (EP)
Inventor: KRAUSE GUENTHER
IPC: E04G1/15
Filed: 1995-08-16
Granted: 1998-05-06
Abstract: PCT No. PCT/EP95/03251 Sec. 371 Date Jul. 28, 1997 Sec. 102(e) Date Jul. 28, 1997 PCT Filed Aug. 16, 1995 PCT Pub. No. WO96/15341 PCT Pub. Date May 23, 1996Working platforms for scaffolding must be light and functional and easily stackable. It must therefore be possible to include all their components with a long useful life in the static calculations as well. The requirements include both great rigidity in the corner joint of a rectangular bearing frame for the working platform and the smallest possible gaps between adjacent platforms. Above all, however, the smallest possible number of components must be used to keep the costs of such a working platform within limits. To this end the invention makes use of a U-shaped folded footplate (2) clamped between the longitudinal bearing members (11) of the bearing frame. If, in addition, at least the longitudinal bearing members (11) are rectangular hollow sections, no dirt or residual building material can enter the working platform.
Patent EP-0790814-B1 (EP)
Inventor: ENDRES DAN DAROLD
IPC: A61F5/44
Filed: 1995-09-01
Granted: 2002-02-13
Abstract: Article absorbant (20) présentant un axe longitudinal, une dimension longitudinale allongée, une première région (30) de ceinture ou région avant, une seconde région (32) de ceinture ou région arrière, et une région intermédiaire reliant l'une à l'autre les première et seconde régions de ceinture. Cet article absorbant comprend une enveloppe (42) de vêtement et un élément (44) de confinement de liquides. L'élément de confinement de liquides comporte une première zone (70) fixe ou avant liée à une face interne de la première région de ceinture, une seconde zone (71) fixe ou avant opposée liée à une face interne de la seconde région de ceinture, et une zone élastique (72) située entre les première et seconde zones fixes. Cette zone élastique est formée d'une matière perméable aux liquides, et adaptée pour subir un rétrécissement correspondant à au moins 10 % de la dimension longitudinale allongée, de sorte qu'elle demeure au contact de la région urétrale de l'utilisateur, indépendamment de la posture ou des mouvements de ce dernier. La zone élastique n'est pas collée à la surface interne de l'enveloppe du vêtement.
Patent EP-0772534-B1 (EP)
Title: Loading platform
Inventor: DE BOER KLAAS ARTHUR
IPC: B60P1/44
Filed: 1995-07-25
Granted: 1999-10-13
Abstract: PCT No. PCT/NL95/00257 Sec. 371 Date Apr. 28, 1997 Sec. 102(e) Date Apr. 28, 1997 PCT Filed Jul. 25, 1995 PCT Pub. No. WO96/03292 PCT Pub. Date Feb. 8, 1996The invention relates to a loading platform for mounting on a transport vehicle, having a loading flap pivotable between a substantially vertical position lying against the vehicle and a lowered, practically horizontal position, and at least one actuating member which engages on the supporting side of the loading flap for pivoting around a hinge point and which is provided with a drive assembly for controlling the orientation thereof, wherein in the lowered position the distance between the point of the actuating member located furthest from the supporting side and the supporting side of the loading flap can be reduced by the drive assembly.
Patent EP-0739545-B1 (EP)
Inventor: PETERS HENRICUS PETRUS MARIA
IPC: H05B41/285
Filed: 1995-10-25
Granted: 1999-03-31
Abstract: La présente invention concerne un montage de circuit permettant le fonctionnement d'une lampe (LA), et se composant: de bornes d'entrées (K1, K2) destinées à être connectées à une source d'alimentation en tension délivrant une tension alternative basse fréquence, d'un redresseur (D1-D4) couplé aux bornes d'entrées et conçu pour redresser la tension alternative basse fréquence et équipé de bornes de sortie (K3, K4), d'une première branche qui comprend un élément de claquage (X1) et un premier moyen capacitif (C1) montés en série, et reliant entre elles les bornes de sortie; et d'une seconde branche shuntant le premier moyen capacitif afin d'en permettre la décharge. Suivant l'invention, le montage de circuit est également équipé moyens capacitifs (C2) aux bornes desquels une tension continue est présente pendant le fonctionnement de la lampe, laquelle tension alimente la lampe; d'un convertisseur continu-continu (CL1, D5, S1, Sc) couplé aux bornes de sortie et aux autres moyens capacitifs; et d'une troisième branche, qui est équipée d'un montage en série d'une diode et d'un autre moyen capacitif et qui shunte le premier moyen capacitif. Grâce à ce circuit, la tension courant continu aux bornes des autres moyens capacitifs n'augmente pas du tout ou seulement légèrement en cas de succession rapide de deux transitoires ou de transitoire présentant une amplitude relativement élevée ou une durée relativement importante.
Patent EP-0783308-B1 (EP)
Inventor: HELLBERG MARK R
IPC: C07C405/00
Filed: 1995-09-25
Granted: 2001-07-04
Abstract: Disclosed are 9-deoxyprostaglandins which are useful in the treatment of glaucoma and ocular hypertension. Some of these 9-deoxyprostaglandins are novel. Also disclosed are ophthalmic, pharmaceutical compositions comprising such prostaglandins.
Patent EP-0786017-B1 (EP)
Inventor: SCHMITZ FRIEDHELM
IPC: C23C4/02
Filed: 1995-10-04
Granted: 1999-03-24
Abstract: Die Erfindung betrifft eine Schutzschicht zum Schutz eines Bauteils gegen Korrosion und Oxidation bei einer hohen Temperatur und gegen thermische Überbeanspruchung. Sie weist eine Wärmedämmschicht aus einem keramischen Material und eine Haftschicht aus einer Rhenium enthaltenden Metall-Legierung auf. Die Metall-Legierung gehört den unter den Sammelbegriff MCrAlY fallenden Legierungen an, wobei M für Kobalt und/oder Nickel und Y für Yttrium und/oder zumindest ein äquivalentes Metall aus der Gruppe umfassend Scandium und die Elemente der Seltenen Erden steht. Die Schutzschicht zeichnet sich durch eine hohe Oxidations- und Korrosionsbeständigkeit der Legierung, durch hervorragende Thermoermüdungseigenschaften und eine wirksame und dauerhafte Verbindung zwischen der Legierung und der keramischen Wärmedämmschicht aus. Infolge der Wärmedämmung kann an der Außenseite der Schutzschicht gegenüber rein metallischen Schutzschichten eine erheblich höhere Temperatur vorhanden sein, ohne daß eine erhöhte thermische Belastung auf das Bauteil ausgeübt wird. Die Schutzschicht eignet sich daher besonders für das Bauteil einer Gasturbine, das einem heißen Rauchgas ausgesetzt ist, z.B. für eine Leitschaufel, für eine Laufschaufel oder für einen Hitzeschild.
Patent EP-0793868-B1 (EP)
Title: Fault current breaker with a cumulative current converter
Inventor: POHL FELIX
IPC: H02H3/05
Filed: 1995-11-16
Granted: 1999-01-20
Abstract: A cumulative current converter usually consists of an annular core with a winding surrounding current-carrying conductors in which the voltages at the ends of the winding are transmitted to an evaluation circuit with differential current amplifier. According to the invention, the winding (10) has a central tapping (15) which is connected via a resistor (R1) to a positive operating voltage (+UB) by means of which a test voltage is supplied to the evaluation circuit with differential current amplifier (20). The central tapping (15) divides the winding (10) with a predetermined number of turns (n1) into two partial windings (11, 12), each with half the number of turns (n1/2) so that the test current is symmetrically divided between the half-windings. The ends of the partial windings (11, 12) divided by the central tapping (15) are connected to a negative operating voltage (-UB) via resistors (R2).
Patent EP-0789736-B1 (EP)
Inventor: GOURLIAS MICHAEL P
IPC: C08L71/00
Filed: 1995-09-29
Granted: 1999-05-06
Abstract: L'invention porte sur une composition aqueuse adhésive servant à lier un uréthanne coulable à un substrat métallique durant le cycle de durcissement de l'uréthanne. Cette composition contient a) une résine phénoxy soluble ou dispersable dans l'eau; b) une résine phénolique résol soluble ou dispersable dans l'eau, et c) un solde constitué d'eau.
Patent EP-0780128-B1 (EP)
Inventor: MUELLNER STEFAN DR
IPC: A61K38/02
Filed: 1996-12-09
Granted: 2004-06-09
Abstract: New composition comprises a lipoprotein, an N-aryl-2-cyano-3-hydroxyacrylamide of formula (I) and a carrier. R<1> = 1-4C alkyl, 3-5C cycloalkyl, 2-6C alkenyl or 2-6C alkynyl; R<2> = CF3, OCF3, SCF3, OH, NO2, halo, benzyl, phenyl, phenoxy (optionally substituted by 1-4C alkyl, halogen, OCF3 or OMe) or CN; R<3> = H, 1-4C alkyl or halo; and X = CH or N.
Patent EP-0827430-B1 (EP)
Inventor: KRAHN ROLAND
IPC: B09C1/10
Filed: 1996-01-05
Granted: 1999-11-03
Abstract: PCT No. PCT/EP96/00027 Sec. 371 Date Oct. 27, 1997 Sec. 102(e) Date Oct. 27, 1997 PCT Filed Jan. 5, 1996 PCT Pub. No. WO96/20797 PCT Pub. Date Jul. 11, 1996In a method of cleaning up heavy metal-laden waters and soils, conditions are established in the soils and waters to be treated so that the microorganism present there will form hydrogen sulfide, and optionally apathogenic facultative anaerobes that are tolerant of heavy metals are added to produce hydrogen sulfide, and the hydrogen sulfide formed by microbiological action is allowed to react with the heavy metals to form metal sulfides.
Patent EP-0805757-B1 (EP)
Inventor: LIEGARD GILLES
IPC: B42F11/00
Filed: 1996-01-23
Granted: 1998-12-09
Abstract: PCT No. PCT/FR96/00103 Sec. 371 Date Jul. 24, 1997 Sec. 102(e) Date Jul. 24, 1997 PCT Filed Jan. 23, 1996 PCT Pub. No. WO96/22887 PCT Pub. Date Aug. 1, 1996A device for filing and archiving books of check stubs and other, similar documents, and also the counterfoils of any register. The invention relates to a device for enabling the above-specified documents to be stored in a manner that is appropriate for accountancy filing and thereby obtain considerable saving in time during accounting, searching, and handling, together with protection against damage due to intensive handling. The device comprises a rectangular plate (5) slotted by parallel vertical rectangles (6) into which previously folded-back covers (1) are inserted, and also a sliding second rectangular plate (10). The second plate (10) when fitted to the first (5) serves to hold the documents (2) pressed thereagainst. The device of the invention is mainly intended for filing and archiving books of bank check stubs.
Patent EP-0821550-B1 (EP)
Inventor: CACCIATORE BENITO
IPC: A01G27/02
Filed: 1996-03-26
Granted: 1999-09-29
Abstract: A self-irrigating pot characterized by being equipped with a tank for water and air, built in or built out of the pot itself, which automatically irrigates the pot itself by the pressure-depressure caused by the expansion/contraction of the air and the tank itself by effect of the temperature variation.
Patent EP-0770303-B1 (EP)
Inventor: SLUYTERMAN ALBERTUS AEMILIUS S
IPC: H04N5/44
Filed: 1996-04-17
Granted: 2000-03-22
Abstract: Le procédé de cette invention permet de réduire une diminution de la lumière vers les bords d'un écran d'affichage (10) d'un tube d'affichage (1). L'importance de la diminution de la lumière dépend particulièrement d'une augmentation de l'épaisseur du verre de l'écran d'affichage (10) du centre de l'écran (10) vers ses bords, et de la transmission du verre. Cette invention permet de corriger cette diminution de la lumière par réduction de la vitesse de déflexion (C1, Cs) du centre de l'écran d'affichage (10) vers ses bords.
Patent EP-0771317-B1 (EP)
Inventor: RUIJGROK RUDOLPHUS PETRUS THEO
IPC: H01G13/00
Filed: 1996-04-23
Granted: 2001-07-18
Abstract: The invention provides a method of sintering green-ceramic mouldings in the heating vessel of a furnace. During sintering, said mouldings are set in motion in the heating vessel by moving the heating vessel in the furnace. Preferably, the vessel is rotated and pre-firing takes place in the same vessel. Consequently, the invention provides a very efficient method of sintering, in particular, ceramic multilayer capacitors. In comparison with state-of-the-art methods, the process time is relatively short and the volume capacity is very high. The invention also provides a furnace which is suitable for use in the method in accordance with the invention.
Patent EP-0823852-B1 (EP)
Inventor: HINES JOSEPH
IPC: A61K49/00
Filed: 1996-02-29
Granted: 2004-05-06
Abstract: A prepackaged swab stick for performing routine screening procedures to detect possible epithelial cancer. The prepackaged swab stick including a packet (7) encasing an absorbent swab (3). The swab (3) is disposed at the extremity of a handle (5) and is saturated with a liquid testing reagent.
Patent EP-0820569-B1 (EP)
Title: Systeme de refrigeration basse temperature auto-nettoyant
Inventor: LITTLE WILLIAM A
IPC: F25B43/02
Filed: 1996-03-27
Granted: 2003-08-13
Abstract: L'invention concerne un dispositif permettant d'évacuer l'huile et les autres impuretés résiduelles du courant de réfrigérant s'écoulant vers les étages à basse température des réfrigérateurs cryogéniques. Un courant de vapeur et de liquide réfrigérants provenant d'un condensateur à refroidissement par air est injecté dans une chambre cyclone (32) par le tube d'admission (34). Tandis que le liquide s'écoule dans un conduit conique (36) et s'échappe par un tuyau (38), la vapeur s'élève vers une charge de plaquettes métalliques (42) qui est refroidie par un retour de vapeur froide amenée par le tube (48) entourant la colonne. Une partie de la vapeur se condense sur les plaquettes et reste en équilibre avec la vapeur. Les impuretés à poids moléculaire élevé étant plus solubles dans la phase liquide, elles sont entraînées au bas de la colonne avec les gouttes de condensat et sont chassées avec la fraction liquide par le tuyau (38).