baber/WOPTO huggingface dataset:
Patent JP-H11508721-A (JP)
Title: 移動性ｉ／ｏ駆動部を有するカートリッジ取リ扱いシステム
IPC: G11B17/24
Filed: 1997-05-19
Abstract: (57)【要約】
情報記憶媒体のカートリッジ（２２）を格納する自動カートリッジ取り扱いシステムまたはライブラリ（２０、２０’）は、カートリッジホルダ（２６）と、該カートリッジホルダに対して移動可能に設けられたテープ駆動部（３０）と、非装填位置とカートリッジ装填位置との間で駆動搬送路（４２）でテープ駆動部（３０）を搬送する搬送システム（４０）とを有する。非装填位置とカートリッジ装填位置との間でテープ駆動部が搬送されている間に、カートリッジ（２２）は、ライブラリ内で静止している。カートリッジホルダライブラリは、カートリッジホルダまたは背（８０）を収容する複数の開口部（７０）を有する。カートリッジ（２２）を背内に保持するために、各背は、カートリッジ上のノッチ（１０４）と係合するその内部キャビティ（９０）内に形成された弾力的なカートリッジ保持フィンガ（１００）を有する。各背には、カートリッジを安定化させる安定化フランジ（１１２）が設けられている。各背は、非対称的な方位フランジ（１１６）を有し、その結果、カートリッジを搭載した背は、直立方位でのみライブラリに挿入され得る。
Patent JP-2002503976-A (JP)
Title: 向上した巧緻性および感度で最低侵襲性外科手術を行うための力反映外科手術器具および位置決め機構
IPC: A61B19/00
Filed: 1997-05-20
Abstract: (57)【要約】
最低侵襲性外科手術手順の遂行を高めるための関節部を有する外科手術器具（１２）が、外科手術器具（１２）を支持および移動させるための位置決め機構（１４）に結合されている。位置決め機構（１４）は手術室台に取り付けられる。器具（１２）は高度な巧緻性、小さい摩擦、小さい慣性、良好な力の反映を有しており、位置決め機構（１４）は、大きな範囲の移動を器具（１２）に提供する。システムは、マクロ−マイクロ作動方式に従って作動されることにより、外科手術用エンドエフェクタが大きな範囲で移動することを可能にし、かつ、スレーブシステムの測定された慣性を減少させることにより、マスターコントローラ（１５０）に対して感度の良い力フィードバックを可能にする。マクロ−マイクロ作動方式は、器具（１２）とマスターコントローラ（１５０）との間のインピーダンススケーリングおよび、力のスケーリングとともに用いられ得る。
Patent MX-159269-A (MX)
Inventor: WINDBERG HANS ERIC
IPC: C04B28/02
Filed: 1982-06-16
Abstract: The present invention relates to shaped articles prepared from a plastically deformable composite material, the shaped articles comprising a matrix, the matrix comprising A) a coherent structure comprising substantially densely packed inorganic solid particles of a size of 0.5-100  mu m, such as hydraulic cement, B) substantially densely packed inorganic solid particles having a size of from about 50 A to about 0.5  mu m and being at least one order of magnitude smaller than the particles A, such as ultrafine silica or a coherent structure formed from such homogeneously arranged particles. The particles B being homogeneously arranged in the voids between the particles A, the dense packing being substantially a packing corresponding to the one obtainable by gentle mechanical influence on a system of geometrically equally shaped large particles in which locking surface forces do not have any significant effect, D) additional bodies having an aspect ratio of about 3:1-100:1 and a diameter of the order of 0.5-10  mu m, and optionally  C) particles of a solid plasticizing agent, and/or E) reinforcing fibres having an aspect ratio of at least 100:1.
Patent MX-154350-A (MX)
Inventor: ACH ERNST
IPC: B66B5/02
Filed: 1982-09-30
Abstract: 1. Shock absorbing stop for a hydraulic hoist for use especially in hydraulic elevators formed as a synthetic material bushing (6) surrounding a piston (9) and interacting with a flange (9.2) of the piston (9) characterised thereby, that the synthetic material bushing is provided at its circumference with a plurality of outwardly open ringshaped grooves arranged at substantially the same spacing from one another ; in which stabilization rings (7) are inserted, having an outer diameter which is at least equal to the outer diameter of the synthetic material bushing (6) and an inner diameter which is smaller than the outer diameter of said synthetic material bushing (6).
Patent NZ-197243-A (NZ)
Title: Solid fuel boiler or furnace: flue gas recirculation
Inventor: MALONEY K L
IPC: F23B90/04
Filed: 1981-05-29
Abstract: A solid fuel boiler or furnace with a flue gas-air mixture introduced into the fuel grate is disclosed. The flue gas is mixed with air such that approximately 30% of the mixture is flue gas. By providing this mixture under the burning fuel bed, the temperature of the fuel bed is lowered and excess oxygen is reduced. A more reactive fuel bed results providing various advantages including improved boiler operation and a clinker-free fuel bed.
Patent NZ-204344-A (NZ)
Title: Water-in-oil emulsion explosive compositions containing sump oil as water-immisible organic phase
Inventor: MITCHELL K A W
IPC: C06B45/00
Filed: 1983-05-24
Abstract: This invention concerns a water-in-oil emulsion explosive composition which comprises a discontinuous aqueous phase containing one or more oxygen-releasing salts, a continuous water-immiscible organic phase comprising sump oil, and an emulsifying agent. The explosive compositions show improved sensitivity over conventional compositions made using paraffin oil as the organic phase.
Patent NZ-205548-A (NZ)
Title: Stair treads secured together and relatively adjustable in height and angle
Inventor: YAMAZAKI KEIICHIROU
IPC: E04F11/035
Filed: 1983-09-12
Abstract: A first embodiment of a stair assembly unit (60, 60) used for assembling a curved staircase without support poles includes a lower stair unit (62) having a first cylindrical member (61) projecting upwards and an upper stair unit (62) having a second cylindrical member (65) projecting downwards, wherein the first cylindrical member (61) can be inserted into the second cylindrical member (65) and can rotate freely. To enable easy assembly and adjustment of height and angle, a movable cylinder (64) has a screw thread around its outer circumference adapted to be screwed into the first cylindrical member (61) and a lid member (71) adapted to be fixed to an anchor member (73) of the second cylindrical member (65) by means of an axial bolt (66). Loosening of the bolt (66) permits the movable cylinder (64) to be rotated with an operating handle with respect to the first and second cylindrical members (61, 65). A second, modified embodiment is deseribed.
Patent NZ-210858-A (NZ)
Title: Digital information transmission with code conversion to limit disparity
Inventor: SCHOUHAMER IMMINK K A
IPC: H03M13/00
Filed: 1985-01-17
Abstract: A method of converting n-bit information words into m-bit code words, and the other way round, is described. The code words have a limited disparity. For every information word two code words are assigned to a group of information words, which code words can be derived from one another by inversion. A choice between these two code words is made to limit the digital sum value so as to obtain a d.c. free code. In order to obtain a further limitation of the digital sum value within the code words these code words are derived from each other by inversion and reversal.
Patent NZ-215262-A (NZ)
Title: Imidazodiazepine derivatives and pharmaceutical compositions
Inventor: HUNKELER W
IPC: C07D487/14
Filed: 1986-02-21
Abstract: Compounds which are imidazodiazepine derivatives of the formula <IMAGE>  I  wherein A together with the carbon atoms denoted by alpha  and  beta  signifies the group   <IMAGE>  one of R1 and R2 signifies hydrogen and the other signifies hydrogen, halogen or trifluoromethyl, R3 and R4 each signify hydrogen or halogen and n signifies the number 2 or 3, the compounds having the (S)- or (R,S)-configuration with reference to the carbon atom denoted by gamma , and their pharmaceutically acceptable acid addition salts have been discovered which possess anxiolytic, anticonvulsant, muscle relaxant and sedative-hypnotic properties. They can be prepared into compositions, including pharmaceutically acceptable ones, using suitable inert carriers.
Patent NZ-222154-A (NZ)
Title: Heat sealing overlapping edges of multi-layer foil and tubular body made by this method
Inventor: UEBEREGGER H
IPC: B29C65/00
Filed: 1987-10-13
Abstract: Of two edges (14, 16) to be joined together of a multilayer foil, the inner edge (16) is obliquely trimmed in the longitudinal direction prior to the pressing together in such a way that the layer (6) located remote from the surfaces (10, 12) to be pressed together protrudes beyond the other layers. If the two layers (14, 16) are pressed together during the welding operation by means of two tool elements, not shown, then the inner layer (6) of the inner edge (16) overflows so as to form one uninterrupted layer with the inner layer (6) of the outer edge (14). When the foil is used as packaging material, in particular as a tubular liner for a packaging tube, it is assured that the product to be packaged will come into contact only with the inner layer (6), so that an undesirable reaction with one of the other layers is avoided.
Patent NZ-228898-A (NZ)
Title: Water-soluble compositions of 1,2,4- and/or 1,3,5-triazines for use in drinking water for treatment of coccidiosis
Inventor: HILLER DIETRICH
IPC: A23K1/16
Filed: 1989-04-26
Abstract: Active substance preparations characterised by a) up to 10000 ppm, based on the weight of the preparation, of one or more coccidiostats of the general formulae I and II <IMAGE>  in which R<1>, R and R' are, independently of one another, hydrogen or C1-C4-alkyl, R<2> is together with R<3> a double bond or independently thereof hydrogen or C1-C4-alkyl, R<3> is together with R<2> a double bond or independently thereof hydrogen or C1-C4-alkyl,  W is oxygen or sulphur, X is, in each case independently of one another, halogen such as fluorine, chlorine and bromine, C1-C4-alkyl, trifluoromethyl, cyano, thiocyanato, C1-C4-alkylthio, nitro or C1-C4-alkoxy,  n is 0, 1, 2, 3 or 4, preferably 0 to 2, Y is hydrogen, C1-C6-alkyl, C1-C6-halogenoalkyl, benzyl, phenyl or phenyl which is substituted by at least one radical from the group comprising alkyl, alkoxy, halogenoalkyl, halogenoalkoxy, halogen, alkylthio, alkylsulphinyl, alkylsulphonyl, halogenoalkylthio, halogenoalkylsulphinyl and halogenoalkylsulphonyl, each with 1 to 4 C atoms in the alkyl radical, or is thienyl or halothienyl and Z is a direct bond or a divalent group of the formula O, S, SO, SO2, NH, NR<0> in which R<0> is hydrogen or C1-C4-alkyl, or C(CN)(R<+>) in which R<+> is hydrogen or methyl, b) a water-miscible, physiologically acceptable, anionic or non-ionic surfactant or a mixture of a plurality of these surfactants and c) 0 to 80% by weight, based on the preparation, of a physiologically acceptable, water-soluble organic solvent and d) 0 to 70% by weight, based on the preparation, of water, are suitable, by reason of their solubility in water, for the treatment of coccidiosis in livestock via the drinking water thereof.
Patent NZ-245833-A (NZ)
Title: Wood preservative composition containing a triazole fungicide; wood treatment
Inventor: MCDADE MARK DANIEL
IPC: C09K23/42
Filed: 1993-02-03
Abstract: Wood preserving composition comprising a compound of formula I <CHEM>     wherein     A is selected from (i) <CHEM>  (ii) <CHEM>  and (iii) <CHEM> whereby the  beta -carbon attaches to benzene ring of formula (I);   R1 and R2 are independently H or Cl;     R3 and R4 are independently H or CH3; and     R5 is methyl, ethyl or cyclopropyl and method for preserving wood with the aid of a compound of formula (I).
Patent NZ-247010-A (NZ)
Title: Dioxolan-5-ylmethoxy substituted biphenyl, benzophenone diphenyl ether and diphenylthioether derivatives; pesticidal compositions and 1,2-dihydroxypropane intermediates
Inventor: KARRER FRIEDRICH
IPC: C07C43/23
Filed: 1993-02-26
Abstract: Compounds of the formula <IMAGE>  in which:   n is 0, 1 or 2, and, if n is 2, the two radicals R3 are identical or different; either R<1> is C1-C6-alkyl, halo-C1-C3-alkyl, C2-C4-alkenyl, DOLLAR (-26;?GC2-C4-alkynyl, C1-C3-alkoxy or C3-C6-cycloalkyl and R<4> is hydrogen or C1-C3-alkyl, or R<1> and R<4> together with the carbon atom to which R<1> and R<4> are attached are a ring having 4, 5 or 6 ring members, where the ring structure, which may contain a carbon-carbon double bond, is composed either of carbon atoms alone or of 1 oxygen atom and 3, 4 or 5 carbon atoms, and where the ring is unsubstituted or is mono- or disubstituted by identical or different C1-C3-alkyl radicals; R<2> is C1-C3-alkyl, halo-C1-C3-alkyl, C1-C3-alkoxy, halo-C1-C3-alkoxy, fluorine, chlorine or bromine; R<3> is C1-C3-alkyl, halo-C1-C3-alkyl, C1-C3-alkoxy, halo-C1-C3-alkoxy, fluorine, chlorine or bromine;   R<5> is hydrogen or C1-C3-alkyl and   X is methylene, O, S or C(=O), can be used as active ingredients in agrochemicals and can be prepared in a manner known per se.
Patent NZ-255541-A (NZ)
Title: Blister package for medicament-containing capsules with an aperture for dispensing the medicament; the package base has a sealing means to seal the capsule aperture
Inventor: CHAWLA BRINDRA PAUL SINGH
IPC: B65D75/34
Filed: 1993-09-09
Abstract: PCT No. PCT/GB93/01909 Sec. 371 Date Mar. 27, 1995 Sec. 102(e) Date Mar. 27, 1995 PCT Filed Sep. 9, 1993 PCT Pub. No. WO94/05560 PCT Pub. Date Mar. 17, 1994A medicament pack (1) comprising a base member (2) having a plurality of blisters (3) formed therein, each blister (3) being adapted to accommodate a medicament containing capsule (4), each capsule (4) being provided with at least one aperture (5) to permit medicament to be dispensed therefrom, wherein the base member (2) comprises sealing surfaces (6) adapted to seal the apertures (5).
Patent NZ-256023-A (NZ)
Title: Wall mounted hair dryer with accessories
Inventor: RUBIN RICHARD
IPC: D06F58/00
Filed: 1993-09-22
Abstract: A hair dryer adapted for multifunctional use includes a housing which is mounted on a wall and a hand-held dryer connected to a power supply in the housing through an electrical cable. The power supply to the dryer is controlled by the degree of extension of the cable from the housing. The housing is adapted to receive a number of different modules which can be installed with security in the housing. A tumble dryer can be incorporated into the housing. The apparatus can be provided with a switching device which controls the supply of heated air from the dryer to selected heated air utilization devices such as the tumble dryer, a hand and nail dryer, a room heater and a defogger outlet.
Patent NZ-272110-A (NZ)
Title: Process for the preparation of 2-amino-4,6-dichloropyrimidine
Inventor: SCHWARZ FRANZ-THOMAS
IPC: C07D239/42
Filed: 1995-05-12
Abstract: Prepn. of 2-amino-4,6-dichloropyrimidine (I) comprises: (a) reaction of 2-amino-4,6-dihydroxypyrimidine (II) with an excess of phosphorus oxychloride at 20-80 degrees C, in the presence of triethylamine as acid trapping agent; and (b) isolating (I).
Patent NZ-329556-A (NZ)
Title: Use of a composition containing ramipril in instant release form and a dihydroxypyridine compound in sustained release form in treating hypertension
Inventor: BAUER BRIGITTE
IPC: A61K9/24
Filed: 1998-01-08
Abstract: This synergistic composition in solid fixed dosage form, for treating hypertension, comprises: 1. Rampricial in instant release form; and 2. A dihydropyridine in extended dosage form selected from felodipine, nitrendipine, nifedipine, or lacidipine.
Patent NZ-331269-A (NZ)
Title: Expandable stent, its structural strength varying along its length
Inventor: LIMON TIMOTHY A
IPC: A61F2/82
Filed: 1996-07-13
Abstract: flexible, expandable stent 10, for implanting in a body lumen 15, comprises at least one end that is radially stronger than closer to the centre of the stent.  The stent may comprise an elongated tubular body having an open lattice structure and having a first end section 36, a second end section 38 and a central section 37, the stent being adapted for radial expansion from a first compressed diameter to an enlarged, second diameter, the stent being such that when expanded the first end section, having a thicker open lattice structure than the central and second end section, is radially stronger and more crush resistant than the central and the second end section.  The stent may comprise a plurality of cylindrical elements 12, which are independently expandable in the radial direction and interconnected so as to be concentrically aligned on a common longitudinal axis and a plurality of parallel connecting elements 13 interconnecting elements 12.  Elements 13 interconnect only elements 12 that are adjacent to each other, so that the stent, when expanded radially outwardly, retains its overall length without appreciable shortening.
Patent NZ-335401-A (NZ)
Title: Therapeutic uses of BPI protein products in cystic fibrosis patients
Inventor: CARROLL STEPHEN
IPC: A61K38/46
Filed: 1997-10-31
Abstract: The use of an N-terminal bactericidal/permeability-increasing (BPI) protein product, in the manufacture of a medicament for treating a cystic fibrosis patient having non-N-terminal-BPI reactive antibodies.
Patent NZ-336386-A (NZ)
Title: An urea or carbamate derivative of heterocyclic thioester useful for effecting neuronal activity
Inventor: HAMILTON GREGORY S
IPC: A61K31/40
Filed: 1997-12-23
Abstract: An urea or carbamate derivative of heterocyclic thioester or a pharmaceutically acceptable salt thereof has the formula (I) R1-U(R2)-C(=W)-N(A)-C(B)(H)-C(=X)-S-Y-Z(C)(D) wherein: A and B are taken together, with the nitrogen and carbon atoms to which they are respectively attached, to form a 5-7 membered optionally saturated heterocyclic ring containing any combination of CH2, O, S(O)2 or NR3; X is O or S; Y is a direct bond to Z or optionally substituted alkyl or alkenyl, wherein any of the carbon atoms of the alkyl or alkenyl is optionally replaced with O, NR3 or S(O)2; R3 is hydrogen, alkyl, alkenyl, alkynyl or bridging alkyl wherein the bridging alkyl forms a heterocyclic ring with the nitrogen of NR3 and ending with one of the carbon atom of the alkyl or alkenyl chain and wherein the ring is optionally fused to an Ar group; Z is a direct bond or optionally substituted alkyl or alkenyl, wherein any of the carbon atoms of the alkyl or alkenyl is optionally replaced with O, NR3 or S(O)2; C and D are independently hydrogen, Ar or optionally substituted alkyl or alkenyl wherein any of the carbon atoms of the alkyl or alkenyl is optionally replaced with O, NR3 or S(O)2; Ar is an optionally substituted aryl or heterocyclic ring; W is oxygen or sulphur; U is either O or N: A) when U is O, then R1 is a lone pair of electrons and R2 is Ar, cycloalkyl or optionally substituted alkyl or alkenyl wherein any of the carbon atoms of the alkyl or alkenyl is optionally replaced with O, NR3 or S(O)2 or B) when U is N, then R1 and R2 are independently hydrogen, Ar or cycloalkyl, or optionally substituted alkyl or alkenyl wherein any of the carbon atoms of the alkyl or alkenyl is optionally replaced with O, NR3 or S(O)2 or R1 and R2 may be taken together to form a heterocyclic ring. A pharmaceutical composition thereof is useful for effecting neuronal activity such as stimulation of damaged neurons, promotion of neuronal regeneration, prevention of neurodegeneration or treatment of neurological disorders for example peripheral neuropathy, or physical damage to the brain or spinal cord, stroke associated with brain damage or neurological disorders relating to neurodegeneration.
Patent NZ-501451-A (NZ)
Title: Treating obesity patients with amylin agonists
Inventor: DUFT BRADFORD J
IPC: A61K38/22
Filed: 1998-06-05
Abstract: Amylin or amylin agonists may be used to treat or prevent obesity, or to reduce insulin-induced weight gain in a human subject taking insulin.  A preferred agonist is 25,28,29Pro-h-amylin.  The amylin or amylin agonist is administered from 1 to 4 times per day, in an amount from 30 µg per dose to 300 µg per dose.
Patent NZ-501944-A (NZ)
Title: Cytotoxic Epstein-Barr virus T-cell epitopes derived from EBV structural antigens
Inventor: KHANNA RAJIV
IPC: A61K48/00
Filed: 1998-07-10
Abstract: Cytotoxic Epstein-Barr virus (EBV) T-cell epitopes derived from EBV structural antigens, particularly gp85 and gp350 are provided. Preferred epitopes include: YLLEMLWRL (SEQ ID NO:1), YFLEILWGL (SEQ ID NO:32), YLLEILWRL (SEQ ID NO:33), YLQQNWWTL (SEQ ID NO:6), LLLALLFWL (SEQ ID NO:2), LLVDLLWLL (SEQ ID NO:3), LLLIALWNL (SEQ ID NO:4), WLLLFLAIL (SEQ ID NO:5), TLLVDLLWL (SEQ ID NO:7), LLWLLLFLA (SEQ ID NO:8), ILLIIALYL (SEQ ID NO:9), VLFIFGCLL (SEQ ID NO:10), RLGATIWQL (SEQ ID NO:11), ILYFIAFAL (SEQ ID NO:15), SLVIVTTFV (SEQ ID NO:17), LMIIPLINV (SEQ ID NO:20), TLFIGSHVV (SEQ ID NO:24), LIPETVPYI (SEQ ID NO:26), VLQWASLAV (SEQ ID NO:27) and QLTPHTKAV (SEQ ID NO:29). EBV-specific CTL epitopes may be used in the treatment or prevention of nasopharyngeal carcinoma or Hodgkins disease, or for reducing the risk of infectious mononucleosis or post transplantation lymphoproliferative disease.
Patent NZ-509546-A (NZ)
Title: Acid-triggered release microcapsules
Inventor: VAN KOPPENHAGEN JUANITA E
IPC: B01J13/16
Filed: 1999-07-28
Abstract: Microcapsules of a microcapsule formed of a polyurea shell wall and an encapsulated ingredient or ingredients enclosed within the wall. The wall comprises at least one oligomeric acetal having the moiety represented by formula (I) in which R is (a) a moiety containing a chain of from 5 to about 40 optionally substituted carbon atoms, (b) a moiety containing a chain of from 4 to about 40 carbon atoms and one or more internally linked oxygen or sulfur atoms or -NH-groups, or (c) an optionally substituted ethylene or propylene moiety. Z is: (a) an optionally substituted phenyl group, (b) an optionally substituted C1-C20 alkyl, C2-C20 alkenyl, C3-C8 cycloalkyl or C5-C8 cycloalkenyl group, or (c) benzoyl, and n is 1 if R is (a) or (b), or is 2-20 if R is (c). The microcapsules are acid-sensitive and the capsule walls are relatively readily degraded or disintegrated by contacting the microcapsules with an acidic substance, preferably an organic or inorganic acid whereby the encapsulated ingredient or ingredients are released into the surrounding environment. The microcapsules are particularly suitable for encapsulation of biologically active substances and agrochemicals, and most preferably pesticides for foliar treatment.
Patent NZ-509859-A (NZ)
Title: Use of camptothecin derivatives, with reduced gastrointestinal toxicity
Inventor: TOUTAIN HERVE
IPC: A61K33/00
Filed: 1999-08-03
Abstract: The use of sodium chloride for preparing an agent  for reducing  or  eliminating the gastrointestinal side  effects induced  by  the administration of camptothecin derivatives, characterised   in   that  the  sodium   chloride   is   for administration orally.
Patent NZ-515898-A (NZ)
Title: Ventilated plastic bag or packaging system and manufacturing process thereof
Inventor: MARKHAM MICHAEL CLEMENTS
IPC: B65D30/06
Filed: 2001-12-05
Abstract: Disclosed herein is a ventilated bag formed from a sheet of a substantially continuous film and a meshed sheet that is made up of a plurality of fibres wherein the meshed sheet forms only a portion of a wall or face of the ventilated bag.
Patent NZ-517239-A (NZ)
Title: Antibacterial agents
Inventor: PRATT LISA MARIE
IPC: A61K31/497
Filed: 2000-08-10
Abstract: A compound of formula II (see below), a pharmaceutically or veterinary acceptable salt, hydrate or solvate thereof is described, wherein the variables are as disclosed in the specification. The compound is disclosed as being useful in when formulated into a medicament for the treatment of bacterial infections in both human and non-human mammals.
Patent NZ-525377-A (NZ)
Title: Apparatus and method for hydroforming a tubular part with shaping along entire length of tube
Inventor: COBB MARK
IPC: B21D26/045
Filed: 2001-10-16
Abstract: A method and apparatus is disclosed for shaping a  raw tube  (40)  into a formed part. The part can  be  configured within   a   die  assembly  including  a  hydroforming   die structure  (12)  and a pair of tube-engaging  punches  (81). The  punches are inserted into the ends of the raw  tube  to shape  the  ends into the desired configuration. The  middle portion   of  the  raw  tube  is  shaped  into  the  desired configuration   by  hydroforming.  Thus,  the   method   and apparatus  can  shape the raw tube along its entire  length, leaving  no  remnants of the raw tube that must  be  trimmed away.