Patent GB-452410-A (GB)
Title: A process for the manufacture of a welded artificial composition
IPC: C08L61/06
Filed: 1934-11-19
Abstract: Mixtures of a phenol-aldehyde condensation product with a substance capable of being welded are heated to form gels which can be cut and welded, whereupon differently coloured or differently constituted sheets cut from the said gels, or pieces or lumps obtained by cutting or breaking up the sheets, are welded together by pressure, with or without the application of a temperature not exceeding 100 DEG  C. The substances capable of being welded comprise acidamide - aldehyde condensation products, nitrocellulose, acetylcellulose, benzylcellulose, casein products, the polymerization products of unsaturated compounds such as styrol or vinyl compounds, natural resins, and the condensation products of amines with aldehydes or of polycarboxylic acids with polyhydric alcohols, as well as their starting materials.  The resulting composite product is still remouldable and capable of being modelled with a glassmaker's tongs, and may be welded not only with itself but also with other materials such as wood, metal and glass.  Examples are given of the preparation of the following mixtures: (1) 1 mol. of phenol is condensed with 2\ba1/2\be mols. of formaldehyde, an aqueous solution of urea or lactamide or p-toluene sulphamide is added, the solvent distilled away in vacuo and the resin hardened at 60--100 DEG  C.; (2) 1 mol. of phenol is condensed with 2 mols. of formaldehyde in alkaline solution, neutralized and dehydrated in vacuo, and then heated to 60 DEG  C. after admixture with a dehydrated condensation product of 1 mol. urea with 2 mols. formaldehyde; (3) a resol obtained by the alkaline condensation of 1 mol. phenol with 2\ba1/2\be mols. formaldehyde is neutralized and mixed with the condensation product of 3 mols. phthalic anhydride with 2 mols. of glycerine; (4) the resol of (3) is mixed with the condensation product of 1 mol. p-toluene sulphamide and 1 mol. formaldehyde in presence of acid; (5) phenol is heated with formaldehyde and acetylcellulose in the presence of ammonia and the product dehydrated in vacuo; (6) the resol of (3) is hardened in the presence of the acid condensation product of 1 mol. aniline with 1 mol. formaldehyde; (7) the resol of (3) is heated with methyl-diphenylamine or with a resinous product prepared from 3 mols. of adipic acid and 2 mols. of triethanolamine. The Specification as open to inspection under Sect. 91 describes also the treatment of mixtures of acidamide-formaldehyde condensation products with phenols or phenol-carbonyl condensation products capable or not of hardening and of mixtures of phenol-carbonyl condensation products capable of hardening with the above substances capable of being welded, as well as with plastics obtained from proteins and condensation products of dicarboxylic acids with amines. The treatment includes the cutting of the gels into sheets and shaped pieces and their welding together by heat and pressure to form products which may be cut again into plates, rods, &c.  The gel may be crushed or pulverized and then subjected to heat and pressure or pressure alone with wood flour, horn flour, asbestos, cellulose fibre or cellulose derivatives, synthetic resin, celluloid, metals or other fillers.  In the form of sheets, pieces or powder, it may be welded, by application of pressure alone or of both heat and pressure, with shaped materials of wood, glass, ceramics, marble, metal, artificial resin, celluloid, paper, board, horn, &c. Examples describe the treatment of gels formed by (1) condensing 2 mols. urea, 4 mols. formaldehyde and 1 mol. phenol in alkaline solution, neutralizing and dehydrating in vacuo; (2) mixing a resol obtained by the alkaline condensation of 1 mol. phenol and 2\ba1/2\be mols. formaldehyde with a novolak, and hardening.  The product of (1) is moulded at 150 DEG C. and a pressure of 100 kgs. per sq. cm. for a period calculated on the basis of 1 minute per mm. thickness.  This subject-matter does not appear in the Specification as accepted.  Reference has been directed by the Comptroller to Specification 402,974, [Group V].ALSO:Mixtures of a phenol-aldehyde condensation product with a substance capable of being welded are heated to form gels which can be cut and welded, whereupon differently coloured or differently constituted sheets cut from the said gels, or pieces or lumps obtained by cutting or breaking up the sheets, are welded together by pressure, with or without the application of a temperature not exceeding 100 DEG  C.  The substances capable of being welded comprise acidamide - aldehyde condensation products, nitrocellulose, acetylcellulose, benzylcellulose, casein products, the polymerization products of unsaturated compounds such as styrol or vinyl compounds, natural resins, and the condensation products of amines with aldehydes or of polycarboxylic acids with polyhydric alcohols, as well as their starting materials.  The resulting composite product is still remouldable and capable of being modelled with a glassmakers' tongs, and may be welded not only with itself but also with other materials such as wood, metal and glass.  Examples are given of the preparation of the following mixtures: (1) 1 mol. of phenol is condensed with 2 1/2 mols. of formaldehyde, an aqueous solution of urea or lactamide or p-toluene sulphamide is added, the solvent distilled away in vacuo and the resin hardened at 60-100 DEG  C.; (2) 1 mol. of phenol is condensed with 2 mols. of formaldehyde in alkaline solution, neutralized and dehydrated in vacuo, and then heated to 60 DEG  C. after admixture with a dehydrated condensation product of 1 mol. urea with 2 mols. formaldehyde; (3) a resol obtained by the alkaline condensation of 1 mol. phenol with 2 1/2 mols. formaldehyde is neutralized and mixed with the condensation product of 3 mols. phthalic anhydride with 2 mols. of glycerine; (4) the resol of (3) is mixed with the condensation product of 1 mol. p-toluene sulphamide and 1 mol. formaldehyde in presence of acid; (5) phenol is heated with formaldehyde and acetylcellulose in the presence of ammonia and the product dehydrated in vacuo; (6) the resol of (3) is hardened in the presence of the acid condensation product of 1 mol. aniline with 1 mol. formaldehyde; (7) the resol of (3) is heated with methyl-diphenylamine or with a resinous product prepared from 3 mols. of adipic acid and .2 mols. of triethanolamine. The Specification as open to inspection under Sect. 91 describes also the treatment of mixtures of acidamide-formaldehyde condensation products with phenols or phenol-carbonyl condensation products capable or not of hardening and of mixtures of phenol-carbonyl condensation products capable of hardening with the above substances capable of being welded, as well as with plastics obtained from proteins and condensation products of dicarboxylic acids with amines. The treatment includes the cutting of the gels into sheets and shaped pieces and their welding together by heat and pressure to form products which may be cut again into plates, rods, &c.  The gel may be crushed or pulverized and then subjected to heat and pressure or pressure alone with wood flour, horn flour, asbestos, cellulose fibre or cellulose derivatives, synthetic resin, "Galalith" (Registered Trade Mark), celluloid, metals or other fillers.  In the form of sheets, pieces or powder, it may be welded, by application of pressure alone or of both heat and pressure, with shaped materials of wood, glass, ceramics, marble, metal, artificial resin, "Galalith," celluloid, paper, board, horn, &c.  Examples describe the treatment of gels formed by (1) condensing 2 mols. urea, 4 mols. formaldehyde and 1 mol. phenol in alkaline solution, neutralizing and dehydrating in vacuo; (2) mixing a resol obtained by the alkaline condensation of 1 mol. phenol and 2 1/2 mols. formaldehyde with a novolak, and hardening.  The product of (1) is moulded at 150 DEG  C. and a pressure of 100 kgs. per sq. cm. for a period calculated on the basis of 1 minute per mm. thickness.  This subject-matter does not appear in the Specification as accepted.  Reference has been directed by the Comptroller to Specification 402,974.