baber/WOPTO huggingface dataset:
Patent GB-874017-A (GB)
Title: Improvements in or relating to the contacting and subsequent separation of two immiscible liquids
Inventor: BRADLEY DOUGLAS
IPC: B01D17/02
Filed: 1956-12-06
Abstract: A process for the rapid contacting and separation of two immiscible liquids uses two hydraulic cyclones coupled in series. The first cyclone has an inlet into which the two liquids are fed separately, and overflow and underflow outlets, one being large relative to the other.  One of the liquids may be withdrawn substantially free from the other at the relatively small outlet and a mixture of both liquids may be withdrawn from the relatively large outlet and are fed to the inlet of the second cyclone whose underflow and overflow outlets are in inverse size ratio relative to those of first cyclone and from which, at the relatively small outlet, may be withdrawn the other of said liquids substantially free from the first liquid, and from the relatively large outlet, there may be withdrawn a mixture which is recycled to the inlet of p  the first cyclone.  The system may be used for one or more stages of a multi-stage process.ALSO:A process for the rapid contacting and subsequent separation of two immiscible liquids comprises feeding the liquids separately to the inlet of a first hydraulic cyclone having overflow and underflow outlets with one outlet relatively large compared with the other, withdrawing one of the liquids substantially free from the other liquid at the relatively small outlet of the first cyclone, withdrawing a mixture of the liquids from the relatively large outlet and feeding the said mixture to the inlet of a second hydraulic cyclone having overflow and underflow outlets in inverse size relation to those of the first cyclone, withdrawing the other said liquid substantially free from the first-mentioned liquid at the relatively small outlet of the second cyclone and recycling the mixture of the liquids from the relatively large outlet of the second cyclone to the inlet of the first cyclone.  The system may be used for one or more stages of a multi-stage liquid/liquid extraction process.
Patent GB-1279690-A (GB)
Title: Improved method and system for operating an electric power substation
IPC: H04Q9/04
Filed: 1969-07-24
Abstract: 1279690 Programmed control of electric transmission systems WESTINGHOUSE ELECTRIC CORP 24 July 1969 [8 Aug 1968] 37268/69 Heading G3N An electrical substation system is controlled by means of a master computer so that the system is operated under optimum conditions, the control means including sensor for sensing various parameters around systems to provide signals which are fed into the computer, which signals provide the computer with information whereby various control actions may be determined from logic and algebraic formula set out in the Specification, the computer providing output signals whereby to control means for effecting the operations corresponding to the control actions calculated by the computer. The substation system comprises a plurality of substation units connected to a generating station, the substation units being connected to each other in cascade so as to provide feeders at different voltage levels. Tie lines are provided to inter-connect substations in a given voltage level to maintain the supply should failure occur on a transmission line from the generating station. The sensors are provided to derive signals indicating the current and voltage at different points in the system, as well as KVAR, KW, frequency, transformer temperatures, the condition of the contacts in various circuit breakers in the system of the pressure switch contacts in the transformer tap changing units, and of the relay contacts in the protective system. From these signal inputs to the master digital computer are derived signals whereby the required switching actions to switch capacitive or inductive reactance into, or out of, circuit are made, the necessary operation of the transformer tap changing units to adjust the voltages in the system and to remove or add loads from or to the system on a predetermined priority basis to prevent system overloading.
Patent GB-779743-A (GB)
Title: Point contact transistor and method of making same
IPC: H01L21/18
Filed: 1954-12-24
Abstract: 779,743. Transistors. INTERNATIONAL BUSINESS MACHINES CORPORATION. Dec. 24, 1954 [Dec. 30, 1953], No. 37376/54. Class 37. Relates to transistors in which the emitter and collector contacts (e.g. wire electrodes) engage the opposite sides of a ridge upstanding from the semi-conductor body. The invention provides a method of making such transistors comprising the steps of covering a portion of the surface of the transistor body and eroding away the adjacent portions to leave the covered portion projecting as a ridge. The ridge may be rectilinear or curved and formed by etching or sand blasting. Constructions.-In Fig. 1 a germanium block 4 is formed with a straight ridge 4a and the pointed ends of wire electrodes 5, 6 contact the inside corners of ridge 4a. The germanium block 4 is separated from mounting base 2 by copper plate 3 and the wire electrodes 5, 6 extend from posts 7, 8. In the second example shown in Fig. 2, the germanium block 10 has recesses 10a defining a ridge 10b having oppositely concave sides. The wire electrodes 5, 6 contacting the inside corners of ridge 10b are held against lateral movement by the curvature of the ridge sides. A further construction, Fig. 3, provides a ridge 13a having V-shaped or tapered sides 13b and wire electrodes placed in the angles or opposed peaks of the V-shaped sides 13b. The embodiment of Fig. 4 comprises a semi-conductor body 16 ridged at 16a and flanged by metal plates 15 and mounted on an insulating base 14. Wire electrodes 17, 18 extend through the base 14 and plates 15 and engage the sides of ridge 16a. Processes for producing ridged semi-conductor bodies.-A large germanium block or sheet 22, Fig. 5, is enamelled or metal-strip protected (or otherwise protected) along the areas 23 where ridges are required. The entire unprotected surface is then removed by chemical or electrolytic etching or by sand-blasting. The sharpness of the ridge sides and the sharpness of the angles at the base of the ridge may be controlled by directing streams of the eroding agent (e.g. the sand blast) along the edges of the ridge. When the surface has been eroded to the desired depth the protective coverings are removed and the sheet or block 22 is cut into individual transistor elements along ruled or scored cutting lines 24, 25. The ridges may be formed by high-frequency cutting and in this process the semi-conductor body is coated with emery or other abrasive paste and a grooved or recessed cutting tool is applied to the coated surface and operated by means of magnetastrictive or piezo-electric oscillations.
Patent GB-833199-A (GB)
Title: Machine and process for slitting tires
Inventor: MESERVE FORREST CLAYTON
IPC: B29D30/68
Filed: 1958-11-22
Abstract: 833,199. Slitting tyre treads. MICRO MACHINERY PRODUCTS Inc. Nov. 22, 1958, No. 37664/58. Class 31 (1). [Also in Group XXXIV] In a machine for slitting tyre treads as described in Specification 779,680 in which a tyre 21 is rotated by means of a rotatable drum 10 provided with a helical thread and has its tread slit transversely by means of a helical knife 11 carried by the drum, the tyre is mounted on a carrier which is angularly adjustable with respect to the axis 12 of the drum to determine different angles of slitting the tyre tread. As shown in Figs. 1 and 2, the tyre carrier 17 is angularly adjustable about a vertical axis through the centre of the drum 10 by means of toggle bolts 26, 27 slidable in arcuate slots 24, 25 in a supporting base table 16, the toggle bolts serving to lock the carrier in its adjusted position. The tyre is rotatably supported in bearings 20 provided in a vertically adjustable pivotally-mounted yoke 19. This construction enables the tyre tread to be slit in a diamond pattern. For slitting the side walls of the tyre tread while leaving its centre zone intact, the tyre carrier 31, Fig. 3, is angularly adjustable about a horizontal axis 34 by means of an arm 32 on the carrier cooperating with one of a number of holes in a segment 33 fast with the base table 16, the carrier being locked in the adjusted position by means of a bolt 35.
Patent GB-326841-A (GB)
Title: A new or improved appliance for warming the radiators of internal combustion engines
IPC: F02N19/10
Filed: 1928-12-21
Abstract: 326,841. Dutton, A. F. Dec. 21, 1928. Electric stoves.-To warm the cooling liquid, when an integral-combustion engine is not in use, a cover 2 containing an electric heating element A is adapted to be fixed in front of the radiator. The base 3 is inclined and supports, by standards 17, a porcelain insulator 7 on which the heating wire 9 is wound, the wire being connected through terminals 10, 11 to a plug 14. A gauze screen may be placed over the heating element. or the face of the cover.
Patent GB-1223483-A (GB)
Title: Apparatus for transverse stretching of orientable sheet material
Inventor: KALWAITES FRANK
IPC: D01D5/42
Filed: 1968-02-22
Abstract: 1,223,483. Apparatus for orienting sheet material. JOHNSON & JOHNSON. 22 Feb., 1968 [23 Feb., 1967; 20 Dec., 1967], No. 37818/70. Divided out of 1,223,482. Heading B5B. Apparatus for continuously transversely stretching sheet material comprises: a pair of endless conveyers 112, 113 (see Fig. 1) mounted in a single plane, each conveyer having a first flight A, a second flight B, and a return flight C, said first flights being spaced apart and diverging from each other at less than 10 degrees, said second flights diverging from each other at from 40 to 170 degrees; a plurality of clamping means 137 which may abut one another, each clamping means being preferably less than three inches long, mounted along the entire length of the convyers, preferably substantially on the pitch line of the conveyer; means 111 for supplying the sheet material 110 to the clamping means as said first flight is reached; means 156 for activating said clamping means to grip the edges of the material as said first flight is reached; means (not shown) for heating the material as it passes through A and B; means for deactivating the clamping means to release the edges of the material substantially at the completion of said second flight (i.e. at Y in Fig. 1); and means for substantially immediately gripping and conveying away the material from said second flight while maintaining the edges of the material parallel, preferably comprising two pairs of grooved endless rubber belts 166, 167, 168, 169 (167 and 169, not shown), positioned such that the lower flight of one belt of each pair is immediately above the upper flight of the other belt of that pair, with the grooves in the belts intermeshing, each pair positioned adjacent the completion of the second flight of one of the conveyers. Means for maintaining the clamping means deactivated until returned to the start of the first flight of the conveyer and means for increasing the longitudinal speed of the material as the clamping means release it may be included. Fig. 3 shows an enlarged side view of clamping means suitably for use in the apparatus. The oriented material may then be easily fibrillated.
Patent GB-378616-A (GB)
Abstract: 378,616. Hydraulic motors. FIDES TREUHAND-AKT.-GES. ZWEIGNIEDERLASSUNG BERLIN, 69A, Wilhelmstrasse, Berlin. July 11, 1931, No. 20009. Convention date, July 12, 1930. [Class 69 (ii).] The distributing valve of a hydraulic motor is actuated by a vane motor 10, Figs. 1 and 2, controlled by a sleeve valve 2 oscillated by stops 38, 39 on a reciprocating member 40 ; the parts are carried on or in a cylindrical casing 1, capable of being readily fitted to existing machines. The sleeve valve has a number of longitudinal passages, adapted to co-operate with passages supplied from the inlet 6 through passages 14, 15, and with exhaust passages. By moving the sleeve valve past either of its normal end positions, exhaust ports 31, 34, or 35, 36, are brought into register, and the distributing valve is stopped in position for stopping the main motor. A stop 12 is provided. The Specification as open to inspection under Sect. 91 (3) (a) comprises also means for adjusting the position of the stop 12 in order to throttle the supply to the main motor, and a statement that several distributing valves may be provided. This subject-matter does not appear in the Specification as accepted.
Patent GB-1272416-A (GB)
Title: Tetracycline derivatives and a process for the preparation thereof
Inventor: MAYAMA TAKESHI
IPC: C07D207/16
Filed: 1969-07-29
Abstract: 1,272,416. Tetracycline derivatives. MEIJI SEIKA KAISHA Ltd. 29 July, 1969, No. 37954/69. Heading C2A. Tetracycline methylene proline and hydroxyproline having the formula and the acid-addition salts and base salts thereof, wherein X is a hydrogen atom or a hydroxyl group, may-be prepared by reacting tetracycline with formaldehyde and proline or hydroxyproline. Acid-addition salts include the hydrochloride, hydrobromide, sulphate, nitrate, phosphate, acetate, citrate, tartrate, maleate, gluconate and ascorbate and the base salt may be the sodium, potassium, calcium or magnesium salt. The acid addition salts may be prepared by (1) reacting an acid addition..salt of tetracycline with formaldehyde and proline or hydroxy proline or (2) by reacting the tetracycline methylene proline or hydroxyproline free base with an acid. The base salts may be prepared by (1) reacting tetracycline with formaldehyde and a base salt of proline or hydroxyproline or (2) by reacting tetracycline methylene proline or hydroxy proline free acid with a base. Pharmaceutical compositions containing the above tetracycline derivatives may be administered orally or parenterally.
Patent GB-1100769-A (GB)
Title: Pesticides
IPC: A23B7/12
Filed: 1965-09-06
Abstract: Sodium azide is applied to the soil as a pesticide and fertilizer, especially in a blend with other inorganic or organic fertilizers. Thus, the sodium azide may be blended with mixed inorganic fertilizers supplying nitrogen, phosphorus and potassium, or with ammonium nitrate, urea, activated sludge or manure.  If desired, the azide may be absorbed or coated on natural fertilizers such as manures and activated sludge.ALSO:Post-harvest deterioration of harvested fruits or vegetables is inhibited or prevented by applying a spray or dip of sodium azide to the fruits or vegetables.  The deterioration inhibited by this treatment includes rotting, sprouting, budding and the natural results of continued respiration or enzyme activity in the harvested plant product.  Thus, when sugar beet is dipped in an aqueous solution of sodium azide, the respiration of the sugar beet is inhibited and the sugar content of the beet thereby maintained at a high level.  A similar treatment of potatoes retards the conversion of starch to undesirable sugar by substantially reducing the enzyme activity of the potatoes.ALSO:Sodium azide is used alone, or in admixture with other substances, to kill, deactivate or regulate the growth of undesired organisms such as plants, fungi and soil micro-organisms, e.g. bacteria.  Substances which may used in admixture with the sodium azide include fertilizers, other pesticides (e.g. herbicides, nematocides, defoliants, fungicides and bactericides) and inert materials.  Undesired plants, such as weeds, may be killed by applying sodium azide to the soil in the vicinity of the plants, or to the aerial parts of the plants.  The sodium azide may be applied to the soil (i) prior to planting crop plants therein, (ii) subsequent to seeding crop plants therein but prior to the emergence of the crop plant seedlings or (iii) after crop plants have emerged. Sodium azide may also be used to inhibit the growth of plant parts of growing crops by applying it to the plant parts.  Thus, it may be used to kill, stunt or retard growth of buds, flowers, runners (e.g. tobacco suckers) or fruit; to prevent tassling of sugar cane; and to defoliate plants.  The sodium azide may be applied in the form of crystals, granules, dry dust, solutions (e.g. in water or aqueous ammonia), wettable powders or sprays.  Inert diluents which may be employed include silica, clay, talc, bentonite, diatomaceous earth, chalk and wood flour.  The sodium azide may be absorbed on granules of inert material such as attapulgite clay, corn cobs, sawdust, bentonite or walnut shells.  The sodium azide may also be mixed with a wettable powder of water-soluble pesticide, e.g. 2,4-dichlorophenoxyacetic acid.  Alternatively, granules of inert material, (e.g. attapulgite clay) may be impregnated with sodium azide, and with a pesticide such as isopropyl-N-(3-chlorophenyl) carbamate, and then given a coating of any material which allows a slow release of the pesticide.  Suitable coating materials are acrylic resins, vinyl resins and drying oils (which may be polymerized or semi-oxidized).
Patent GB-808870-A (GB)
Title: Knee control for adjustable fittings on drop-head sewing machines
IPC: D05B29/02
Filed: 1956-12-12
Abstract: 808,870. Sewing machines. NAHMASCHINENFABRIK KARLSRUHE AKTIENG-ESELLSCHAFT VORM. HAID & NEU. Dec. 12, 1956 [Dec. 12, 1955], No. 37991/56. Class 112 [Also in Group XXIV] A drop head sewing machine is provided with a knee-control lever so arranged that the machine may be raised, to expose its under parts, or lowered into the cabinet on which it is mounted, without the lever obstructing the cabinet. The base of a sewing machine 1 is hinged at its rear, at 29, to the top 30 of a cabinet, the front of the base being normally sup ported by the upwardly-hinging front flap 31 of the cabinet. The machine may be swung about the hinges 29 either upwardly, or, after flap 31 has been raised, downwardly into the cabinet till the front of the base rests against a block 32 fixed to the rear wall of the cabinet. The machine is provided with a bent operating-lever 11 having a knee pad 10 on one leg. The other leg is coupled to a sleeve 14, journalled in a bracket 17 fixed in the machine base, by means, (see Group XXIV), which lock lever 11 and sleeve 14 rigidly together or which allow lever 11 to be withdrawn outwardly and then to swing about a hinge 12. When the machine is to be raised, lever 11 is swung under the base to avoid flap 31, and when the machine is to be lowered, lever 11 is raised to accommodate itself in the cabinet. An arm 18 on sleeve 14 is connected via a linkage 23 and 4 to the presser foot bar 6, whereby the latter is raised when the lever is operated. In a modification the hinge 12 is omitted and the lever is removable from the sleeve 14.
Patent GB-1405880-A (GB)
Title: Building of underground constructions
IPC: E02D29/02
Filed: 1971-10-08
Abstract: 1405880 Wells etc; foundations for buildings and roads F E KENNEDY 5 Jan 1973 38022/ 74 Divided out of 1405879 Headings E1A E1F and E1G An underground construction such as the foundations and basement of a building, the sub-structure of a road, a tunnel or a pipe-line is constructed by sinking a wall 3 into the earth, excavating earth from one side of the wall, during excavation applying a lateral supporting force F to the wall, placing a structural part 7 of the construction in the excavation to engage and support the wall, tensioning curved ties 6 to support the wall, and removing the force. A concrete peripheral wall 3 is formed in the ground, on a base 4 of treated earth, the wall containing reinforcing rods 1 and curved tubes 2 for post tensioning wires 6. After the earth within the wall is excavated and the resultant cavity filled with water to provide the force F ground anchors 5 are fitted, the concrete structural part 7 is cast in position, the cables 6 are tensioned, the water is pumped away to remove the force F, and a multi storey building is completed. The inner wall may be coated with damp-proofing. In a modification (Figs. 9-11) the part 7 is fabricated on a platform having buoyancy tanks and is lowered together with parts of a superstructure into the cavity. Struts may provide the initial force F instead of water.
Patent GB-637442-A (GB)
Title: Improvements in or relating to electric resistance boxes
IPC: H03H7/24
Filed: 1946-12-30
Abstract: 637,442. Sets of resistances. PHILIPS LAMPS, Ltd. Dec. 30, 1946, No. 38045. Convention date, Oct. 8, 1943. [Class 37] [Also in Group XXXVII] A variable resistance box comprises a number of series of resistor elements arranged on rotors, one resistor element of each rotor being series connected with one resistor element of every other rotor and each resistor element in the series connection being replaceable by any one of the other resistor elements by rotation of the corresponding rotor. The rotor shafts are in parallel spaced relation and the rotors are mutually displaced in the direction of the shafts, the resistor elements on each rotor being arranged in a circle concentric with its shaft and the geometrical projection of these circles on a plane normal to the shafts having a common point of intersection coinciding with the projection of the linear current path over the series-connected resistor elements, which are series connected by fixed contacts located between the terminal surfaces of the rotors. Between the top 1, Fig. 1, and bottom 2 of a resistance box are arranged three shafts 3, each of which carries a rotor 4 and terminates at the upper end in a knob 5. Each rotor is constituted by two discs 6 between which are arranged nineteen resistances 7. These terminate in contacts 8 which are arranged in circles. The path through the operative resistances is formed between two contacts 9 via contacts 10 which are supported from a side wall. The shafts are provided with spring- controlled pawls to ensure correct positioning on adjustment. There are six series of resistances, two carried by each rotor. The first rotor has a series from 0 to 0.9 ohm and also a series from 100 to 900 ohms. The second rotor has series of resistances 0 to 9 ohms and 1000 to 9000 ohms, while on the third rotor are the series 0 to 90 and 10,000 to 90,000 ohms. The series arranged on one rotor differ by three orders of magnitude from each other, the two series of intermediate order of magnitude being each arranged on another rotor. Each rotor is provided with a pawl, which may be rendered inoperative by pushing a knob, for preventing the rotor from being rotated from a position in which one of the resistances is switched in to a position in which one of the resistances of another series is switched in. Each shaft is provided with a scale 11, Fig. 2, readable through a window in the top plate 1. For each scale there are two windows, diametrically opposite each other, arranged to co-operate with the numbers corresponding to the two series of resistances. The figures of the various series may be arranged to appear side by side in a common window, jointly indicating the resistance in use. The resistances may be made of a mixture of carbon and a binder or may be formed by a carbon layer applied by vaporization. Specification 171,451, [Class 37], is referred to. The Specification as open to inspection under Sect. 91 states also that the shafts may be coaxial. This subject-matter does not appear in the Specification as accepted.
Patent GB-1466612-A (GB)
Title: Pusher furnace for heating workpieces
IPC: F27D3/04
Filed: 1974-08-30
Abstract: 1466612 Conveying furnace charges AEG-ELOTHERM GmbH 30 Aug 1974 [1 Sept 1973] 38130/74 Heading F4B Ingots 5, 5<SP>1</SP> on a slideway 7 are moved through a continuous heat treatment furnace 1 by a vibratory beam 2 resiliently mounted at 3 and a pusher 10 mounted on said beam, the beam 2 being coupled to a vibrator 8 applying to it vibrations having a component normal to the direction of travel. The pusher is actuated by a pneumatic motor 12 and is also oscillated by a vibrator 13 in the direction 14. In another embodiment, Fig. 2 (not shown), the pusher and its associated vibrator are rigidly rather than resiliently mounted, and in a further embodiment, Fig. 3 (not shown), the two vibrators are replaced by a single one attached to the pusher.