Patent GB-866559-A (GB)
Title: Alkalized clays and the manufacture thereof
IPC: B01J20/12
Filed: 1959-01-20
Abstract: Clay which has been treated with a solution of an alkali metal hydroxide in an aliphatic alcohol or with a solution of an alkali metal alkoxide in an alcohol, ether, ether-alcohol, glycol or polyglycol, followed by removal of the solvent, is agitated with methyl oleate, sulphurized methyl oleate, methyl stearate, methyl linoleate, a dicarboxylic acid ester of an alcohol such as butanol, hexanol, 2-ethylhexanol, or dodecyl alcohol with an acid such as adipic, azelaic, suberic, sebacic, alkenylsuccinic, fumaric, or maleic acid, or a liquid ester of a phosphorus acid such as tricresyl phosphate, the diethyl ester of decanephosphonic acid, or esters obtained by reacting alklyphosphonyl chlorides with hydroxyl-containing compounds such as aliphatic alcohols and phenols, to reduce the acid number of such compounds.  In the case of a sulphonic acid, the non-sulphonic acidity may be so reduced. Examples are given illustrating the reduction of the acid number of methyl oleate and sulphurized methyl oleate and of the nonsulphonic acidity of a mixture of mono- and di-alkylbenzenesulphonic acids, prepared by sulphonating the still bottoms remaining from the distillation of commercial dodecylbenzene.  Specification 698,282 is referred to.ALSO:Clay is treated with a solution of an alkali metal hydroxide (lithium, sodium or potassium hydroxide) in an aliphatic alcohol and the alcohol is then removed.  The use of alkali metal alkoxides in solution in such organic solvents as alcohols, ethers, ether-alcohols, glycols, and polyglycols is referred to. In an example, a mixture of 50 parts by weight of attapulgus clay with a solution of 5 parts of sodium hydroxide in 95 parts of methanol is agitated and the methanol is distilled off.  In Test 1, the acid number of methyl oleate is reduced from 5.65 to 2.4 by agitation with the treated clay of the Example, while in Test 2 the acid number is only reduced to 4.4 using a clay treated with aqueous sodium hydroxide.  Tests 3 and 4 repeat Tests 1 and 2 respectively with the addition of a small quantity of water, the acid number being reduced to 1.7 and 3.2.  Test 5 repeats Test 1 with increased time of agitation and also with increased time and quantity of clay, the acid number being reduced to 2.00 and 0.41 respectively.  In Test 6, the acid number of sulphurized methyl oleate (prepared by reacting methyl oleate with sulphur) is reduced to 1.38 and 0.42 by agitating with different quantities of treated clay, while Test 8 uses different times, reducing the acid number to 1.01 and 0.42.  The sulphurized methyl oleate may be given two treatments with the treated clay.  In Test 8, a product consisting essentially of a mixture of mono- and di-alkylbenzene-sulphonic acids, prepared by sulphonating the still bottoms remaining from the distillation of commercial dodecylbenzene, is agitated with the treated clay to reduce the nonsulphonic acidity to a greater degree than is achieved by agitation with clay treated as in Test 2.  The treatment of various hydrocarbon oils, such as white oils, lubricating oils, gas oils, and kerosene, fatty oils, such as tristearin and triolein, dicarboxylic acid esters of alcohols, tricresyl phosphate, the diethyl ester of decanephosphonic acid, and esters obtained by reacting alkylphosphonyl chlorides with aliphatic alcohols and with phenols is referred to.  Specification 698,282 is referred to.