baber/WOPTO huggingface dataset:
Patent GB-706916-A (GB)
Title: Improved abrading machine particularly for buffing hides
IPC: C14B1/46
Filed: 1950-11-07
Abstract: 706,916. Hide-buffing machines. TANNERS RESEARCH CORPORATION. Nov. 7, 1950 [Nov. 10, 1949], No. 27176/50. Class 60 [Also in Group VIII] A buffing machine for treating hides, skins' &c. comprises a work support for the hide, a plurality of buffing devices associated with the support, means carried by one of the devices for buffing laterally-spaced portions of the hide, and means carried by another of the devices for buffing the ,remainder of the hide. As shown in Fig. 2, the hides are carried by a conveyer 8 beneath a series of buffing drums 7, the conveyer being constituted by groups of spaced belts 12 opposed by gripping belts 15. Portions of a hide exposed between the belts are buffed by loops of abrasive tape 33 carried by the first drum, and the belts of the second group are interlaced with those of the first group so that the remainder of the hide is exposed for buffing by the second drum. Succeeding pairs of drums repeat the process using finer abrasive. The conveyer and gripping belts are maintained taut by resilient devices 31. The buffing drums 7 (Figs. 3 and 13) are built up from rings and spacer discs 36, abrasive tape being continuously supplied through the interior of the drums from, and back to, a spool-carrying cage 52, mounted on the drum, so as to renew the abradent surface. Each tape passes through an opening 41 in the drum between a drive roll 42 and pressure rolls 44, around a backing member 67, and back through an adjacent opening. Buffing is effected solely by the centrifugal force developed in the loops. The drive for the rolls 42 is connected with the drum drive in a given ratio. The spool cage contains feed and take-up spools which are mounted on spindles driven independently of the drum. The spools are constructed so as to deliver tape at a constant speed irrespective of the amount of tape on the spool. Grooved back-up rolls 18 may be adjusted relative to the drums, in order to vary the degree of abrasion. Rollers 13 for the conveyer and rollers 16 for the gripping belts (see Fig. 2) are mounted in intergeared groups on stands 20 and 'driven from one end of the machine. The operation of a feed device 24 may be automatically synchronized with the introduction of a hide by a timing control.
Patent GB-1056817-A (GB)
Title: Improvements in and relating to electric discharge lamps
IPC: H01J61/18
Filed: 1964-07-01
Abstract: 1,056,817. Metal-vapour lamps. GENERAL ELECTRIC CO. July 1, 1964 [July 1, 1963], No. 27187/64. Heading H1D. An electric discharge lamp comprises a tubular elongated envelope having an internal diameter lying in the range 3 to 15 mm. of material resistant to the attack of caesium vapour at least up to a temperature of approximately 900 C., a pair of electrodes sealed respectively into opposite ends of the envelope, and an ionizable medium within the envelope comprising caesium and mercury, the caesium exerting a partial pressure in the range of 15 to 350 mm. Hg and the mercury exerting a partial pressure in the range of 0À15 to 15 atmospheres in normal operation of the lamp. The ceramic envelope 2 of the lamp shown is of sintered transparent polycrystalline alumina preferably containing more than 99À5% of Al 2 O 3  having titanium metallized ends to which caps 3 and 4 of a nickel chromium iron alloy are brazed. Strain equalizing rings 5 and 6 of alumina are similarly brazed to the caps 3 and 4. A double wound tungsten coil cathode 8 is supported by a tube 7 of stainless steel or iron nickel chromium alloy sealed through a centrally perforated boss of cap 3 and provided with a filling aperture 12 and a sealing pinch or weld 13. The projecting length of the tube 7 may be adjusted to obtain a desired caesium saturation vapour pressure, but the lamp is operated with unsaturated caesium vapour if a mercury pressure of greater than 5 atmospheres is required. A similar electrode 10 is supported by a metal tube 11 from cap 4. The electrodes 8 and 10 may alternatively be tungsten rods, preferably thoriated. The envelope 2 may. have an internal diameter of 6 mm. with an inter-electrode spacing of about 60 mm. A starting gas of neon, argon, krypton, xenon, or mixture thereof at a filling pressure of 5 to 50 mm. Hg is provided. Luminous efficiency is plotted against caesium pressure (Fig. 2; not shown).
Patent GB-428222-A (GB)
Title: Improvements in or relating to a process of treating photo-sensitive emulsions
IPC: G03C1/12
Filed: 1933-10-03
Abstract: Dyes contain the system <FORM:0428222/IV/1> as part of a five membered ring, in which the carbon atom in the b -position to the nitrogen atom is connected to another nitrogen atom external to the ring through a chain of one or more carbon atoms forming a completely conjugate system so that the complete characteristic grouping of the compounds concerned may be expressed by the general formula <FORM:0428222/IV/2> in which n is a positive integer, and in which the bracketted part represents the conjugate system.  Compounds specified are p-dimethylaminobenzalrhodanine, the product obtained by methylating this compound, p-di-methylaminocinnamalrhodanine, and the condensation products of rhodanic acid with (1) 1-o -acetanilidovinylbenzthiazole ethyl iodide, (2) the compound obtained by methylating this compound, (3) 1-o -acetanilidovinylbenzoxazole ethiodide, (4) 1, 3, 3 - trimethyl - 2 - o  - acetanilidovinylindolenium iodide, (5) 1 - methylmercaptobenzthiazole methyliodide, (6) 2 - iodoquinoline methyliodide, (7) N, N<1> - dimethylglutaconic aldehyde dianilide chloride, (8) diphenylformamidine and quinaldine ethiodide; of 2, 4-dihydroxythiazole with (1) p-dimethylaminobenzaldehyde, (2) 1, 3, 3 - trimethyl - 2 o  - acetanilidovinylindolenium iodide, (3) 1-methylmercaptobenzthiazole methyl p - toluene sulphonate; of thiohydantoin with (1) 1 - o  - acetanilidovinylbenzoxazole ethiodide, (2) 1, 3, 3-trimethyl-2-o -acetanilidovinylindolenium iodide, (3) 1 - methylmercaptobenzthiazole methyl p-toluene sulphonate, (4) N, N<1>-dimethylglutaconic aldehyde dianilide chloride, (5) p - di - methylaminobenzaldehyde respectively; and of N-ethyl-oxindole with p-dimethylaminobenzaldehyde. Specifications 426,718 and 428,359 are referred to.
Patent GB-834989-A (GB)
Title: Improvements in or relating to processes for the separation of carbon black particlesfrom gas containing them
IPC: C09C1/48
Filed: 1958-08-25
Abstract: Carbon black particles are separated from gases containing them by a process which comprises washing the gases firstly with water (the washing being continued, if the gases are initially at a higher temperature, until they are cooled below the dew point), and secondly with an organic liquid which is immiscible with water and which possesses a higher adhesion tension (as defined) than water for carbon black, thereafter mixing and agitating together the aqueous carbon black suspension and the suspension of carbon black in the organic liquid obtained from the 1st and 2nd washing treatments respectively and separating the resulting aggregates of carbon black and organic liquid <PICT:0834989/III/1> from the aqueous phase.  A gaseous mixture, for example hydrogen and carbon monoxide, produced by the partial combustion of hydrocarbons, e.g. a heavy fuel oil, and containing suspended carbon black, is passed at elevated temperature and at pressures of atmospheric or higher, e.g. 10-30 atmospheres, through line 1 into gas scrubber 2 where it is washed with water supplied from line 4 and introduced through sprays 3.  The proportion of water employed is such that the resulting aqueous suspension contains between 0.4-4% and preferably 0.7-2% wt. of carbon black. Residual gas freed of 85-95% of suspended black passes through line 5 into column 6 provided with contact trays or packing bodies where it is washed with a countercurrent stream of organic liquid, which preferably has a boiling point above the temperature at which the washing is carried out in column 6 and which is, for example, gas oil, which enters by line 7.  Gas freed from suspended black exits by line 8.  The organic liquid containing carbon black in suspension leaves the bottom of column 6 through line 9.  Part of the suspension is recycled through vessel 10 together with fresh make up organic liquid introduced at 12 and pumped through line 7 by means of pump 11.  The remaining suspension is passed through line 9 and after being cooled to about 80 DEG  C. enters mixer 14 where it is mixed and agitated with the aqueous suspension of carbon black resulting from the 1st washing treatment in 2 introduced through line 13 after likewise being cooled to 80 DEG  C.  The proportion of organic liquid in the mixture is preferably so determined that the final aggregates contain 40-60% wt. of carbon black.  The speed of mixing of the suspension is such that a deep vortex forms in the liquid in the mixer 14 and the aggregates of carbon black and organic liquid so formed are drawn off with excess water through line 15, separated from the water on screen 16, and are removed to a suitable collecting device by conduit 17, the water being removed through 18.
Patent GB-246604-A (GB)
Title: Improvements in electric heating elements particularly applicable to cooking apparatus
IPC: H05B3/68
Filed: 1924-11-14
Abstract: 246,604. Falkirk Iron Co., Ltd., and Millar, J. Nov. 14, 1924. Electric hot-plates.--A heating element for a cooking apparatus of the type having a grooved upper surface containing the resistance wire 6 and drainage holes 12 in 'the base of the grooves, is provided with recesses 18 in its undersurface for housing interengaging contact members 19, 21 to prevent any drainage liquid falling on the contacts. The groove may be of spiral form or consist of concentric rings. The base of the groove slopes towards the drainage holes and retaining lugs 8 overhang the groove adjacent the drainage holes. Recesses 10 are arranged in the groove opposite the lugs to facilitate removal of the wire. The latter is divided into two heating sections and is connected to the contact members 19. The contact members 21 are mounted on an insulating plate 22.
Patent GB-1474547-A (GB)
Title: Filters
IPC: C02F11/128
Filed: 1974-06-19
Abstract: 1474547 Filter bag HOECHST AG 19 June 1974 [19 June 1973 29 March 1974] 27223/74 Heading BID [Also in Division Dl] A filter tube of woven synthetic fibre for filtering sludges has warp threads parallel to the axis and circumferential weft threads. One end of the bag (2) has a truncated conical end and a closure; the other open end has a sewn in ring. The weft threads in the region of both ends are packed more closely than in the middle of the tube (3), e.g. 11 threads/cm instead of 8.5 threads/cm, to prevent weft gaps opening in use at the ends of the bag. The bag (e.g. of high tenacity polyester, polyolefine, polyamide or glass fibre) may be tubularly woven, or sewn from flat fabric wherein the warp threads at the selvedges used for the axially extending seam are also more closely woven than the body of the fabric. A flocculating agent such as a polyacrylamide, phosphate, chloride, or sulphate is added to a sludge before it is filtered through said tube.
Patent GB-1096014-A (GB)
Title: Container for growing plants
IPC: A01G27/06
Filed: 1964-07-03
Abstract: 1,096,014. Plant pots. W. G. WEEKS. June 23, 1965 [July 3, 1964; July 21, 1964], Nos. 27468/64 and 29720/64. Heading A1E. A container for growing plants comprises an outer shell 1 and an inner shell 2 the shells being spaced apart and united at their open tops to form a closed compartment 5 to contain water, a filling opening 6 being provided for compartment 5 and the inner shell being provided with an opening or openings in each of which is located a porous ceramic plug 9 whereby water is fed to the interior of the inner shell. The bases of the shells may be spaced apart as shown or the shells may have a common base the compartment 5 then being annular and the plugs located in the side of the inner shell. The shells are moulded in polystyrene and the whole container may be housed in a decorative box 11.
Patent GB-408246-A (GB)
Title: "uniform volume control valve" (irrespective of varying head or velocity)
IPC: G05D7/01
Filed: 1932-10-04
Abstract: 408,246. Flow regulator. BARLOW, T., Ash Lea, Stockport Road, Denton, near Manchester. Oct. 4, 1932, No. 27482. [Class 135.] A valve for controlling the passage of liquid from a container or source of supply at a constant rate irrespective of the head or pressure, comprises a main orifice H of constant area and a subsidiary orifice or orifices P the area of which is varied automatically according to the head or pressure. The total area of the waterway through the valve thus varies according to the square root of the head or pressure. In the form shown, liquid flows to the outlet D through the orifice H and through that part P<1> of the orifices P to the right of the piston B. The piston is urged to the left by a compression spring E surrounding the piston rod G, and to the right by the head of liquid acting in the open end A of the cylinder C. Hence, as the head falls, the piston B is moved to the left to uncover a larger part of the orifices P. In a modification (not shown), the movements of the piston B are controlled by a float in the container, the longitudinal pressure exerted on the rod G by the piston B being balanced by a piston similar to B with its right hand side exposed to liquid pressure. The rod G is connected through a pivoted link to a pivoted bell-crank carrying the float.
Patent GB-983812-A (GB)
Title: Improvements relating to the production of urea
IPC: C07C273/04
Filed: 1961-07-28
Abstract: In the synthesis of urea from ammonia and carbon dioxide at elevated temperature and pressure:  (a) at least part of the unreacted gases is absorbed in a dilute aqueous solution of ammonium carbamate and ammonia at a first pressure which is lower than that in the reactor; (b) ammonia, carbon dioxide, and water are driven off from this solution at a second pressure, which is higher than the first but lower than that in the reactor, to leave a solution which is recycled as the dilute aqueous solution of (a); (c) the gases are condensed and recycled to the reactor.  The reactor may be operated at 150-300 atmos. and 150-200 DEG  C., the reaction mixture then passing through an expansion valve to a decomposer at 80-140 DEG  C. to decompose most of the carbamate in the product.  The gases are separated from the melt at 1-20, preferably 3-6 atmos., and 80-140 DEG  C., the latter being worked up to urea and the former absorbed in an aqueous solution of ammonium carbamate and/or carbonate, and ammonia at substantially the same pressure and at 20-80, preferably 40-60 DEG C.  The carbamate solution from the absorber is preheated to about 120-160 DEG  C. and passed to a column from which ammonia, carbon dioxide, and a little water is driven off at the head and condensed under pressure, e.g. at 30-70 atmos. and 65-110 DEG  C. Fresh ammonia may be added if the molar ratio NH3: CO2 is less than 3.5: 1.  Water separation may also be effected in part of the column.  The condensate is pumped back to the reactor.  The solution from the base of the column is recycled in greater part to the absorber, the remainder being distilled to remove excess water, the ammonia and carbon dioxide present being returned to the absorber.  If a smaller recovery of gases is sufficient, higher pressures are used in the decomposer, separator, and absorber, and the final distillation stage is omitted, or a lower decomposition temperature is used which results in a product of lower biuret content.  Alternatively, two or more decomposers may be used to give minimum biuret content.  In a further modification, particularly with a high feed ratio of NH3: CO2, e.g. 6: 1, the melt from the reactor is first expanded to 30-70 atmos. and part of the excess ammonia separated, together with carbon dioxide and water, and sent direct to the condenser for recycle to the reactor.
Patent GB-708029-A (GB)
Title: Stabilization of polyamides
IPC: C08K5/37
Filed: 1951-11-23
Abstract: A linear polyamide is stabilized by the addition thereto of 2-mercaptobenzimidazole or a salt thereof, e.g. in amount of 0.1 to 2 per cent. by weight of the polymer.  Further stabilizers which may be added include (a) a phosphorus compound selected from phosphorus acids, their esters and salts thereof having cationic radicals whose hydroxides are alkaline, e.g. phosphoric and phosphorus acids and sodium, potassium, methyl, ethyl, propyl, butyl and triphenyl phosphites and phosphates, and preferably used in amount of 0.1 to 1 per cent. by weight of the polymer, and (b) a halogen compound selected from hydrogen, ammonium, alkali metal and alkaline earth metal halides, e.g. in amount of 0.05 to 2 per cent. of the polymer. The stabilizer may either be incorporated in the polymer or in at least one of the reactants prior to polymerization.  Polyamides specified are polyhexamethylene adipamide, polyhexamethyl sebacamide, the reaction product of dicarboxylic acids such as adipic acid with a stereoisomeric mixture of di(p-aminocyclohexyl)-methane (U.S.A. Specification 2,512,606), polymerized 6 - amino - caproic acid, polytetramethylene sebacamide, polytetramethylene adipamide, di(p-aminocyclohexyl)methane, 2.2-di(p-aminocyclohexyl)propane, 1.2-di(p-aminocyclohexyl)-ethane, and 1.6-di(p-aminocyclohexyl)hexane.  Modifiers such as plasticizers, resins, waxes, fillers and certain pigments, may be added. Examples and comparative tables are given.  Specifications 461,236, 461,237 and 557,544 are referred to.
Patent GB-616849-A (GB)
Title: Preparation of new polymerisable fluorine-containing esters, polymers and interpolymers thereof
IPC: C08F20/22
Filed: 1946-09-13
Abstract: Esters of a -fluoracrylic acid with primary or secondary saturated alcohols containing 2, 3 or 4 carbon atoms, one hydroxyl group, at least one fluorine atom attached to a carbon atom other than that attached to the hydroxyl group, and no other substituents, e.g. b fluorethyl a -fluoracrylate, are polymerized alone or with other polymerizable materials containing CH2=C< groups to transparent solids of low refractive index and high relative dispersion. Polymerization is accelerated by heat, light, and catalysts, which should not exceed 0.5 per cent by weight, e.g. aliphatic peroxides, benzoyl peroxide, a ,a -azodiisobutyronitrile, benzoin, diacetyl, uranyl acetate and nitrates.  Dyes, plasticisers and the like may be incorporated.  Specifications 514,619 and 590,015 are referred to.ALSO:a -Fluoracrylic acid or its anhydride, acid chloride or methyl ester is reacted with a primary or secondary saturated alcohol containing 2, 3 or 4 carbon atoms, one hydroxyl group, at least one fluorine atom attached to a carbon atom other than that attached to the hydroxyl group, and no other substituents. Preferably, a polymerization inhibitor, e.g. pyrogallol, hydroquinone or tannic acid is present, and water, hydrochloric acid or alcohol liberated by the reaction is removed as by evaporation, azeotropic distillation or alkali.  When the acid or methyl ester is used as reactant, an esterification or ester interchange catalyst, e.g. sulphuric or p-toluene sulphonic acid or a metal alcoholate, is advantageous.  The fluor-alcohol preferably contains a trifluormethyl group.  The resultant esters may be polymerized alone or with other unsaturated compounds to transparent solids (see Group IV (a)).  In an example, methyl a -fluoracrylate, b -fluorethanol, hydroquinone and sulphuric acid are heated with distillation of a methanol fraction, the mixture then being washed, dried and fractionated to recover b -fluorethyl a -fluoracrylate.  Specifications 514,619 and 590,015 are referred to.
Patent GB-152024-A (GB)
Title: Improvements in thermal relays for use in electrical circuits
IPC: H01H71/14
Filed: 1920-09-28
Abstract: 152,024. Metropolitan-Vickers Electrical Co., (Assignees of Wensley, R. J.). Oct. 6, 1919, [Convention date]. Thermal switches having a large time-element for the protection of electrical apparatus, for example a rotary converter, against overload comprise a copper bellows 1 containing a volatile fluid, a coil, shown as one turn 11, carrying the current of the apparatus to be protected and surrounding the bellows, a heat-retaining shield 14 surrounding both the bellows and the coil, and a contact member 7 operated when the bellows expand sufficiently due to the heat of the coil. The bellows enclose a cylinder 2 which serves as a mechanical spacer to preclude a cullapse of the bellows. In the case of a rotary converter, the coil may be energized by the current in the direct current side, or from a transformer in the alternating-current side.
Patent GB-444596-A (GB)
Title: Improvements relating to animal traps
IPC: A01M23/34
Filed: 1934-09-26
Abstract: 444,596. Traps for animals. BEATON, A., The Kennels, Cumbernauld, Dumbartonshire. Sept. 26, 1934, No. 27588. [Class 5 (i)] When a platform 5 is moved by the animal a swinging arm 9 is released and, urged by a spring 7 tightens a noose 10 round the neck of the animal, the noose being carried by the arm, and passing under rollers 4<a>, 4<b>.
Patent GB-303141-A (GB)
Title: Improvements relating to hydraulic buffers for railway vehicles
IPC: B61G11/12
Filed: 1928-09-26
Abstract: 303,141. Rheinische Metallwaarenund Maschinenfabrik. Dec. 30, 1927, [Convention date]. Buffers.-In an hydraulic railway or like vehicle buffer the shock-absorbing members, which comprise a liquid-containing cylinder g and a piston h displaceable, therein, with or without a spring m for restoring these parts to their normal position, form a self-contained closed unit independent of the casing and retaining members a, d, f with which it is associated. In the construction shown the unit comprises the cylinder g having two chambers g2, g3 between which the liquid is displaced by the piston h, a piston-rod i passing through packing k, k1 in the cylinder cover g1, and a spring m disposed between the cover g1 and a plate l which screws on to the end of the rod i and allows the initial tension of the spring m to be adjusted. The unit is inserted in a tubular buffer plunger d which is slidably mounted and retained by rings f within a buffer casing a attachable to the headstock c by screws b. Grooves or passages h1 on the outside of the piston h accommodate the normal displacement of fluid, while additional passages h3 closable by a spring-loaded valve h2 come into use when the plunger d is displaced with abnormal velocity.
Patent GB-741732-A (GB)
Title: Steroid compounds
IPC: C07J75/00
Filed: 1952-11-03
Abstract: The invention comprises 3:11a -diacyloxy-16-pregnen-20-ones of the formula <FORM:0741732/IV(a)/1> wherein Ac is the acyl radical of an organic carboxylic acid containing from one to eight carbon atoms, inclusive; and a process for their preparation by heating a 3:11a -diacyloxy-17-bromo-pregnan-20-one with an amine. Specified amines are pyridine, quinoline, methyl benzylamine, aniline and collidine, and with amines of high b.pt. a solvent, e.g. benzene, toluene or xylene, may be used.  Carboxylic acids from which the acyl groups may be obtained are formic, acetic, propionic, butyric, valeric, hexanoic, heptanoic, octanoic, cyclo, pentanoic, cyclopentylpropionic, benzoic, toluicmaleic, malonic and succinic, and the acids may be further substituted by hydroxy, methoxy or alkyl groups.  In examples (1) 3a :11a -diacetoxy - 17 - bromopregnan - 20 - one is refluxed in pyridine or collidine, the mixture then diluted with ether and acidified to yield 3a :11a -diacetoxy - 16 - pregnen - 20 - one.  3a  - 11a -dipropionyloxy-, 3a :11a  - dibutyroyloxy - and 3b :11a  - diacetoxy - 16 - pregnen - 20 - ones are similarly prepared, and a further list of 3:11a  - diacyloxy - 16 - pregnen - 20 - ones is provided.  Specifications 732,577 and 739,175 are referred to.