baber/WOPTO huggingface dataset:
Patent GB-1038140-A (GB)
Title: Measuring apparatus incorporating a laser
Inventor: KING PERCY GEORGE ROBERT
IPC: H01S3/00
Filed: 1962-11-22
Abstract: 1,038,140. Lasers. NATIONAL RESEARCH DEVELOPMENT CORPORATION. Nov. 22, 1963 [Nov. 22, 1962], No. 44192/62. Heading H3B. [Also in Division G1] The output of a laser is reflected back into the laser structure so as to interact with and modulate the stimulated emission inside the laser in dependence on the phase relation between the output and reflected radiations. The radiation emitted from a Helium-Neon C.W. laser M is reflected back along its original path by external reflector R, the distance of which from the laser is adjusted by micrometer screw S so that as the length of the optical path between the external reflector and the semi-transparent mirror M 2  of the resonant cavity of the laser changes through successive half-wavelengths of the laser radiation the indicator D actuated by photo-cell PC shows corresponding cycles of maximum and minimum readings as the radiation is modulated. If the laser operates on two separate wavelengths due to transitions between a common level and two separate levels, e.g. 6328  and 3À39 Á, the two oscillations are coupled together so that an increase or decrease in the intensity of one results in a decrease or increase in the intensity of the other. A red-sensitive photodetector is then used to measure changes of optical length in terms of the 3À39 Á wavelength while the visible beam of radiation 6328  wavelength is used for aligning the system. Pressure changes or alterations in the nature or composition of a gaseous or other medium in a cell C may be measured by observing the changes in modulation of the stimulated emission due to changes in the optical path length.
Patent GB-1516519-A (GB)
Title: Pressure medium operable disc brake
IPC: F16D65/52
Filed: 1975-10-28
Abstract: 1516519 Wear adjusting in disc brakes WABCO WESTINGHOUSE GmbH 28 Oct 1975 [28 Feb 1975] 44247/75 Heading F2E The length of a device interposed between the annular piston or cylinder and a brake ring of a disc brake is increased as the piston or cylinder stroke increases to compensate for wear. As shown, a floating fluid-pressure actuator located between two brake rings (Fig. 1, not shown) comprises a cylinder 16 and linked pistons 17 and 27. The latter is integral with a ring 33 whose end face consists of a series of oblique surfaces 36 (Fig. 3) co-operating with complementary surfaces 35 on a ring 34; springs 38 tend to relatively rotate the rings. Ring 34 abuts a thrust member 37 slidable relative to piston 27 but frictionally coupled thereto by spring 40. In operation piston 27, rings 33, 34 and member 37 initially move together along with a locking ring 42 engaged in an annular groove 43 in member 37. Excessive piston movement causes the locking ring to abut stops 46 and unseat from groove 43. The ring then frictionally restrains return movement of member 37 when the piston retracts, so that rings 33, 34 tend to separate and thus relatively rotate and increase their combined effective length. Locking ring 42 has a notched periphery 41, 41a and member 27 has complementary longitudinal grooves 45 which allow resetting of the member after rotating it relative to the groove.
Patent GB-1458917-A (GB)
Title: Swirl chamber type diesel engine
IPC: F02F3/26
Filed: 1974-10-14
Abstract: 1458917 IC engine combustion chambers TOYOTA JIDOSHA KOGYO KK 14 Oct 1974 [2 May 1974] 44529/74 Heading FIB A piston for a swirl-chamber diesel engine is formed in its top surface with a main combustion chamber comprising a straight groove 22 extending radially from an edge portion of the surface and becoming shallower as it extends from the edge portion, and a pair of curved grooves 23 (e.g. of circular or elliptical curvature) extending from the groove 22 and becoming shallower as they do so.
Patent GB-1121826-A (GB)
Title: Production of amorphous ferric oxide
IPC: C01G49/06
Filed: 1966-10-05
Abstract: Highly amorphous ferric oxide, defined as a powder having essentially no characteristic diffraction pattern (claimed "per se"), is produced by reacting ammonium oxalate with a soluble ferrous salt to produce ferrous oxalate. This is isolated and dried in the form of a thin coherent film on a supporting surface, the depth of the film permitting heat produced in its outer layer to be readily conducted to the supporting surface.  The ferrous oxalate is then heated to decompose it at a temperature not exceeding 190 DEG  C.  The film of ferrous oxalate must occupy at least 1.5 square centimetres per gram and the heating is carried out first to 140-150 DEG  C. to dry the precipitate before heating it up, to decompose it, at a rate of preferably less than 1 DEG  C. per minute. The preferred decomposition temperature range is from 160-190 DEG  C. The process may be modified by (a) adding excess ammonium oxalate during the precipitation step, (b) guide addition of and stirring of the ammonium oxalate, (c) adding a small amount of ferric oxalate to the ferrous oxalate prior to baking, and/or (d) adding some previously produced amorphous ferric oxide to the ferrous oxalate at or prior to the last wash.
Patent GB-1022117-A (GB)
Title: Improvements in methods and apparatus for cutting pieces off a length of material
IPC: B26D7/01
Filed: 1964-11-03
Abstract: 1,022,117. Cutting extrudates. ELDIMA A.G. Nov. 3, 1964 [Nov. 4, 1963], No. 44734/64. Heading B5A. [Also in Division G1] An extruded rod 2<SP>1</SP>, e.g. of nitrocellulose, is fed by a series of grooved rollers 8 towards an abutment and is cut into pieces by a knife extending from a vaned wheel 16 driven by a jet of air from a nozzle 14, the supply to which is controlled by an electromagnetically operated valve 11. The extrudate sags between a light source and two photo resistances 34, 35 connected to a transistor comparator and amplifying circuit which controls the supply of current to the magnet winding. The wheels 8 which may be notched are driven by jets of air from nozzles 29 which extend from a compressed air cylinder 28.
Patent GB-1396564-A (GB)
Title: Methods of and apparatus for infrared gas analysis
IPC: G01N21/35
Filed: 1972-09-28
Abstract: 1396564 Gas analysis COMPTEURS SCHLUMBERGER 28 Sept 1972 [28 Sept 1971] 44754/72 Heading G1A In a device measuring the amount of a particular gas present in a gas mixture also contains a spurious gas having similar absorption properties to the particular gas, wherein infrared radiation is passed through a sample of the mixture in an analysis chamber 18 (to be received by a detector 25) after it has been passed alternately through a filter chamber 12 containing some of the particular gas or a filter chamber 13 containing a neutral gas, the device is calibrated by adjusting a shutter 23 attenuating the radiation passing through the neutral gas filter 13 so that the output of the detector 25 is the same when the analysis chamber is empty and when the analysis chamber contains the spurious gas. In Fig. 1 the filter chambers are stationary with a rotating apertured disc 20, allowing radiation to pass alternately through each filter 12, 13. The detector's output is amplified Fig. 3 (not shown) differentiated smoothed and electronically filtered to provide a D.C. signal representing the concentration of the particular gas present. A set of waveforms Fig. 4 (not shown) illustrating the various signal processing stages is disclosed. An auxiliary tube 27 containing the neutral gas may be included for partially reducing the modulations due to the filter 12 and thereby increasing the device's sensitivity. In another embodiment Fig. 6 (not shown) the filters are movable, that is, they are positioned diametrically opposite one another on a rotatable disc. In a further embodiment Fig. 7 (not shown) the filters are stationary and two detectors are employed whose outputs are subtracted and the difference is then processed as before. Finally as an alternative to the shutter 23 the lamp 11  may comprise two filaments Fig. 5 (not shown) each directed to a respective filter chamber, the filament associated with the neutral filter chamber being connected in series with a variable current source.
Patent GB-1409351-A (GB)
Title: Process for preparing aromatic carbonate polymers
IPC: C08G64/24
Filed: 1973-09-25
Abstract: 1409351 Preparing polycarbonates GENERAL ELECTRIC CO 25 Sept 1973 44803/73 Heading C3R A process for preparing a polycarbonate comprises reacting a carbonate precursor with a dihydric phenol in an aqueous medium containing sufficient alkali or alkaline earth metal hydroxide to maintain a pH between 8À0-10À2 during the reaction. The examples describe reacting phosgene with bisphenol A and p-tert-butylphenol in an aqueous medium containing sodium hydroxide and methylene chloride.
Patent GB-451239-A (GB)
Abstract: 451,239. Cables. STANDARD TELEPHONES & CABLES, Ltd., and MILDNER, R. C., 63, Aldwych, London. Feb. 1, 1935, No. 3393. [Class 36] To prevent sheath distension in an impregnated cable due to expansion of the impregnating compound, the cable is formed with an oval cross section, as shown, and an elastically deformable oval member 3, having its major axis perpendicular to major axis of the sheath 7 is arranged within the conducting core of the cable. The member 3 may be in the form of a helical spring, or may consist of a lead tube filled with gas under pressure and preferably provided with an armouring 8 of paper. The conducting strands of the cable core may be arranged in two groups 1, 2 on opposite sides of the member 3, being secured thereto by a lapping of metal tape or metallized paper 4 on which the paper insulation 5 is wound. Some of the conducting strands may be disposed within, or as a helical layer around, the member 3. The insulation. 5 is provided with a metallized surface 6 and the spaces 9 between the conducting strands and the member 3 may be filled with paper wormings.
Patent GB-1147476-A (GB)
Title: Foaming composition
IPC: C08J9/00
Filed: 1966-10-11
Abstract: 1,147,476. Foaming compositions. IMPERIAL CHEMICAL INDUSTRIES OF AUSTRALIA & NEW ZEALAND Ltd. 11 Oct., 1966 [25 Oct., 1965], No. 45328/66. Headings C3C, C3G and C3P. A PVC foaming composition contains as a pore-size controlling additive a copolymer of at least one ester of a mono- or di-protic unsaturated acid with an oxyalkylene or polyoxyalkylene group terminated with an alkyl, aryl, aralkyl, alkaryl or acyl group, and another unsaturated compound, at least one of the comonomers having one or more C 4+  aliphatic substituents. The copolymer may contain other monomers. Representative polyoxyalkylene esters are methacrylic or acrylic ester or fumaric or itaconic diesters of polyethylene glycols terminated with methoxy or p-nonylphenoxy, polypropylene glycol terminated with 2-ethoxyethanoxy and diethyleneglycol monoethyl ether. The comonomer may be an olefin, unsaturated ether or an ester such as butyl, octyl, lauryl or stearyl acrylate or methacrylate, vinyl stearate, dioctyl itaconate, a mixed stearyl ester and dinonyl amide of itaconic acid and allyl lauryl propenylphosphonate. Further monomers exemplified are alkyl acrylates and methacrylates and butane-1,3-diol dimethacrylate. Also specified as copolymer starting comonomers are mixtures obtained by esterifying itaconic acid with a mixture of methoxypoly-ethyleneglycol and octanol or lauryl alcohol. In one example vinyl acetate is graft polymerized on to a stearyl methacrylate/butyl methacrylate/methoxypoly. ethyleneglycol methaerylate copolymer. All polymerizations are effected in solution with benzoyl peroxide, usually added incrementally, and in some examples a mercaptan is added. The foaming compositions may be made with vinyl chloride homopolymer or a copolymer containing up to 50% of vinylidene chloride, vinyl acetate, methyl methacrylate or vinyl ethers. They may contain dioctyl phthalate, dibasic lead phthalate, calcium carbonate and, as blowing agent, an azobiscarbonamide.
Patent GB-1003482-A (GB)
Title: Improvements in and relating to methods of joining a metal conductor to a semiconduct or body
IPC: H01L21/00
Filed: 1962-11-30
Abstract: 1,003,482. Equi-conductor devices. PHILIPS ELECTRONIC AND ASSOCIATED INDUSTRIES Ltd. Nov. 30, 1962 [Dec. 4, 1961], No. 45389/62. Heading H1K. A method of joining a conductor to a semiconductor body comprises , forming a thermocompression bond between them and then surrounding the joint with a rigid material and heating the assembly to at least the eutectic temperature of the combination of the conductor and semi-conductor materials to effect a final alloying process. A semi-conductor wafer, comprising a P-type germanium body 1 with a circular N-type layer 4, the body being soldered, 3, to a nickel plate 4, is produced as described in Specification 1,002,845. The wafer is then heated to 200‹ C. and an aluminium wire is pressed on to the N-type layer 2, using a sapphire head, to form a thermo--compression bond 13. A drop 12 of silicone resin is applied to the bond and when it has hardened the assembly is heated to the eutectic temperature of germanium and aluminium, 424‹ C., for 1 second to affect a final alloying process for the emitter region formed by the bond. A gold wire 15 is similarly bonded at 16 to the layer 2 to form an ohmic base contact which is then supported by a drop 17 of silicone resin and heated to 356‹ C. When the temperatures required for the final alloying processes are higher than that at which the resin can be used, a mixture of alumina, ethylglycol, butanol and nitro-cellulose may be used to support the joints during the heating process and is then removed and replaced by a silicone resin which has better electrical properties.
Patent GB-1214728-A (GB)
Title: Bubble injector
IPC: G01N30/32
Filed: 1968-09-25
Abstract: 1,214,728. Peristaltic pumps. VARIAN ASSOCIATES. Sept.25, 1968 [March 8, 1968], No.45465/68. Heading F1F. [Also in Division F2] A pump for producing air pulses for injection or bubbles into a liquid chromatography apparatus (not shown) comprises a cylinder 30 housing a plunger 64 which is reciprocatable by a push button 20 and carries a sprung piston 80, a flexible tube 88 with one end connected to atmosphere at 36 and the other end coupled to the chromatography apparatus, a ball 86 and member 92 which constitute a first punch cock, and a pad 98 which co-operates with piston 80 to form a second punch cock. In operation with the parts (as shown) initial movement of button 20 causes piston 80 to pinch the tube against pad 98 thereby trapping air between the two punch cocks. Further movement of the button compresses this air as a result of the full piston area pressing the adjacent portion of the tube against the cylinder head 14, and the final movement of the button moves plunger 64 relative to piston 80 to align groove 68 with the ball. This permits the ball to drop so releasing the tube and liberating the compressed air. On removing pressure from button 20 springs 60, 84 return the parts to the starting position shown.
Patent GB-1130336-A (GB)
Title: A method of forming eye-loops at the ends of wire ropes
Inventor: JOHNSTONE ALEXANDER
IPC: F16G11/02
Filed: 1964-11-11
Abstract: 1,130,336. Eyes. MARTIN, BLACK & CO., (WIRE ROPES) Ltd. 8 Nov., 1965 [11 Nov., 1964], No. 45886/64. Heading DIT. A wire rope is formed with an eye by unlaying some of the strands of an end portion, looping the remaining strands towards the body of the rope and placing their free ends there against, laying the unlayed strands on the looped strands and placing the free ends of the last-laid strands against the body of the rope surrounding the resulting joined parts with a ferrule, and forcing a bonding substance into the ferrule so as to bond the assembly together. The rope may be made up of six strands stranded or plaited round a fibrous rope core. To form the loop its free end is split into two branches a first branch comprising three strands and the fibrous core, and a second branch comprising three strands. The first branch is bent back towards the body of the rope and the ends of the strands and the core are wound round said body. The second branch is wound round the first branch so as to form a Flemish eye loop. The specification describes an injector whereby the bonding substance may be injected through a side opening in the ferrule.
Patent GB-1195401-A (GB)
Title: Cut-Out Valve
Inventor: ANSELL JEFFREY MAURICE
IPC: F16K17/34
Filed: 1967-10-06
Abstract: 1,195,401. Valves. ASHFORD CONTROLS Ltd. 7 Oct., 1968 [6 Oct., 1966], No. 45950/67. Heading F2V. In a safety cut-off valve having an inlet 4 and outlet 5, the valve member 16 is normally held away from its seat 9, towards which it is biased of a spring 11, by an actuator 22, the actuator, during normal operation of the valve, being retained in the position shown by a locking ring 26 which is urged by a light spring 28 to a position wherein it is eccentrically disposed in relation to the reduced diameter portion of the actuator and so engages a shoulder 24 on the latter. In the event of an over-pressure occurring in the line within which the valve is disposed, such increase in pressure is transmitted, via a line 34, to a metal bellows 33 so causing the latter to expand and a rod 31 connected thereto to move the ring 26 in opposition to the spring 28. Such movement of the ring, permits the actuator to enter the ring and hence the valve member 16 to be seated. Re-setting of the valve, subsequent to the cessation of such overpressure, is effected by manual depression of the actuator 22 as a result of which the ring 26 re-engages the actuator reduced diameter portion. In a modification, Figs. 2 and 3, not shown, the bellows is substituted by a diaphragm one face of which is subjected to the pressure in line 34.
Patent GB-1274738-A (GB)
Title: Production of plates for lithography
Inventor: YACKEL EDWARD CARL
IPC: G03F7/07
Filed: 1969-09-19
Abstract: 1,274,738. Photo-lithographic blanks. EASTMAN KODAK CO. Sept. 19, 1969 [Sept. 23, 1968], No. 46212/69. Heading G2C. [Also in Division C7] A lithographic plate blank for the silver salt diffusion transfer process comprising an Al support and Ag nuclei distributed discontinuously thereon, is prepared by treating a hydrophilic grained Al support with an aqueous solution of a silver salt or with an aqueous alkali and then an aqueous silver salt, so as to deposit Ag on the support. The grained Al support or foil is produced conventionally by chemical etching, brushing or grinding; the alkaline solution is an alkali or alkaline earth metal hydroxide or oxide and the Ag salt may be AgNO 3 , AgNO 2 , AgClO 4 , Ag 2 SO 4 , Ag acetate, or lactate.
Patent GB-986603-A (GB)
Title: Lithographic printing plates
IPC: B41N3/03
Filed: 1962-12-11
Abstract: In the production of lithographic printing plates, as a preliminary step, sheets or plates of chromium, steel or aluminium are cleaned and etched and then brought into contact with an aqueous solution containing at least 0.5% by weight of gluconate ions.  The source of gluconate ions may be gluconic acid or an aqueous solution of iron, nickel, zinc, calcium, magnesium, or potassium gluconate.  The plates may be cleaned and etched by chemical or mechanical means.  The concentration of gluconate ions is preferably from 2-4% by weight of the solution, the pH of which is preferably from 0.1-3.0.  The solution containing the gluconate ions advantageously also contains one of the ions of tartrate, acetate or carbonate but contains no phosphate, nitrate or oxalate ions. In one example an aluminium plate is immersed in a bath of trichloroethylene to remove grease and is then grained by passing it on an endless belt under a set of revolving brass bristle brushes located on the perimeter of a rotating circular support.  During this operation the plate contacts for one minute a slurry comprising 4800 grams of pumice, 4000 ml. of deionized water, 4 grams of sodium hydroxide and 4 grams of sodium gluconate.  The plate is then flushed with water and subsequently with an acetic acid solution.  After a further flushing with water the plate is dried by gas burners. Formic, lactic or gluconic acids may be used in place of the acetic acid rinse.  A strongly acid gluconate treatment solution is preferred with chemically etched plates.  The treated plate may be coated with a nylon diazo resin solution and imaged by photographic techniques.  Etching. In one example a suitable composition for a cleaning and etching bath comprises 3785 ml. of water, 28.35 gms. of trisodium phosphate, 141.75 gms. of sodium hydroxide, and 0.40 gms. of sodium lauryl sulphate, and the treated plate is subsequently immersed in a desmutting bath containing an aqueous solution of nitric acid.  In a further example an aluminium plate is treated with trichloroethylene, grained with bristles and flushed with an aqueous solution of pumice. The metal exposed during imaging by a photographic process is etched with a ferric chloride solution comprising 2630 ml. of calcium chloride solution, 1000 gms. zinc chloride, 750 ml. iron perchloride solution, 37 ml. hydrochloric acid and 70 gms. of cupric chloride.
Patent GB-1047765-A (GB)
Title: Improvements in or relating to pulse generators
IPC: H02M1/08
Filed: 1963-11-28
Abstract: 1,047,765. Semi-conductor pulse circuits. PHILIPS ELECTRONIC & ASSOCIATED INDUSTRIES Ltd. Nov. 28, 1963 [Dec. 1, 1962], No. 47056/63. Heading H3T. [Also in Division H2] In a circuit for producing a pulse at an adjustable time relative to an alternating voltage, the alternating voltage is superimposed on a unidirectional voltage and used to charge a capacitor 1 via a variable resistance device 2, the capacitor being discharged into a load via a semi-conductor controlled rectifier (SCR) 10, triggered when the resultant of the voltage across the capacitor and the charging voltage reaches a predetermined value. One or more voltage-threshold devices 6, 7 and a resistor 9 arrange that the capacitor 1 discharges via the SCR 10 before each appropriate half-wave of the alternating voltage. As described, the circuit is suitable for controlling A.C. or D.C. voltage stabilizers in which the alternating voltage is full-wave rectified at 4, 4<SP>1</SP>, the peaks of the half-cycles being limited by Zener diodes 6 . . . 8 and used to charge a capacitor 1 at a rate determined by a variable resistor 2. When capacitor 1 is charged to a voltage exceeding that across Zener diode 8 by an amount equal to the threshold voltage of the silicon diode 11, SCR10 is triggered, discharging capacitor 1 via the primary of transformer 12 and producing a short pulse in the secondary winding. The timing of the pulse is adjustable by resistor 2. A silicon diode 11 protects the SCR against excess reverse input voltage and increases the resistance across capacitor 1 before the SCR is triggered. Silicon diode 13 suppresses the reverse voltage across the primary winding of transformer 12. Design considerations for the maximum and minimum values of resistor 2 are given. This resistor may be replaced by a comparator circuit comprising an emittercoupled pair of transistors having reference and control voltages fed to their respective bases. Resistor 9 may be replaced by a capacitor.