baber/WOPTO huggingface dataset:
Patent GB-202699-A (GB)
Title: Refrigerating systems
IPC: F25B33/00
Filed: 1922-05-15
Abstract: 202,699. Schurtz, R. E. May 15, 1922. Refrigerating, absorption machines for.-Means for effecting the circulation of strong liquor from the absorber to the generator, and of weak liquor in the reverse direction, are controlled by the temperature of the generator acting in conjunction with the level of liquid in the absorber. A tube 36 is immersed in the liquid in the generator 10, Fig. 1, and contains a substance which, when a certain temperature corresponding to a predetermined concentration in the generator is reached, volatises and expands the bellows 34, Fig. 2 to raise a rod 41 to close a valve 58 and to open valves 57, 44. The valve chests 37, 50 are in permanent communication with a strong liquor receiver 24, through passages 25<1>, 28 respectively, and the valves 57, 58, 44 communicate respectively with the generator, the absorber 15 and the heat interchanger 21. On opening the valves 57, 44, pressures in the generator and receiver 24 are equalized, and strong liquor flows, by gravity, to the heat interchanger, displacing other strong liquor therefrom into the generator by way of a pipe 22 and distributing tray 23. Solidification of the volatilized material occurs on the consequent lowering of the generator temperature, resulting in closure of the valves 57, 44 and re-opening of the valve 58. An equivalent quantity of weak liquor passes, during these operations, from the generator to the absorber through a pipe 18, the final level of liquid in the absorber being controlled by a float valve 70. A construction is described in which the strong liquor receiver and the bellows mechanism are formed within extensions of the absorber, and in which the strong liquor receiver is omitted.
Patent GB-1361331-A (GB)
Title: Material handling system
IPC: B65F5/00
Filed: 1972-03-23
Abstract: 1361331 Loading vehicles MEYERS ELECTROCOOLING PRODUCTS Inc 23 March 1972 [26 March 1971] 13676/72 Heading B8E [Also in Division E1] A handling system suitable for the temporary storage of refuse comprises a below-ground storage conduit 10 having hinged cover plates 34, 36 and deposit boxes 30, 32. Refuse in the conduit 10 is removed by pulling a spherical piston 54 towards a duct 56 which is connectible to conduit 10 and is supported by a collection vehicle 52. The piston 54 is operated by a winch cable 48 removably attached to the piston which may be pulled completely through the duct 56. Alternatively, with its lower end sealed by the piston, the duct may be raised and vibrated to transfer the refuse into the vehicle. A conveyer belt may transport the refuse from the duct to the vehicle. The piston 54 is normally stored on the vehicle and may be of plastic, rubber, aluminium or stainless steel. A disc-shaped piston may be used in place of, or in addition to the sphere, Fig. 4 (not shown). Cables 42, 42<SP>1</SP> hooked on to the cover-plates 34, 36 are used in preparing the piston for use in the conduit 10. The boxes 30, 32 may be pivoted manually or by power means. In further modification, Fig. 7 (not shown), a dolly (84) is provided with magnetic and motor means for lifting the covers and deposit boxes. There may be more than one conduit fed by a single deposit box having means for deflecting material to the several conduits. The conduit(s) may be other than circular in cross-section.
Patent GB-437752-A (GB)
Title: Improvements relating to emulsifiers
IPC: B01F5/06
Filed: 1934-05-07
Abstract: <PICT:0437752/III/1> <PICT:0437752/III/2> <PICT:0437752/III/3> Emulsifying-apparatus, particularly suitable for the production of artificial cream, comprises a container 1 provided with a fitting 6 adapted to support the apparatus on a receiving vessel, e.g. a jug, and pierced by a cylinder barrel 4.  Inlet ports 5 are provided leading to the container, and emulsification is effected by reciprocation of a piston 7, the mixture being forced through an emulsifying head at the lower end of the cylinder 4.  The piston is returned to its uppermost position by a spring 10. Attached to the operating knob 9 and the piston rod by means of rods 13 is an annular paddle 14 which agitates the contents of the vessel 1.  In an alternative form of construction, the piston rod is formed as an Archimedean spiral and rotates the paddle to-and-fro on operating the pump.  Fig. 2 shows an emulsifying head comprising an axially bored cylindrical plug 15 into which is threaded a plug 17 having a threaded stem 20 which is just a clearance fit in the bore of plug 15.  The plug 17 is threaded into the lower end of cylinder 4, and a delivery duct 22 is provided from the emulsifying passage.  Fig. 3 shows an alternative arrangement in which an axially bored thimble 30 is threaded in the lower end of cylinder 4.  The lower end of the thimble is closed by plug 31 having a delivery duct 32, and a loose stem 35 is provided within the thimble 30, this stem being externally threaded to give a clearance fit in the thimble.  The loose stem 35 acts also as a non-return valve during the suction stroke of the piston.
Patent GB-652272-A (GB)
Title: Process for the manufacture of organic amino diols
Filed: 1948-12-15
Abstract: Aminodiols of the general formula <FORM:0652272/IV (b)/1> (wherein R3 represents hydrogen or an alkyl radical of not more than 4 carbon atoms, and R4 and R5 are the same or different and represent hydrogen, halogen, or alkyl or alkoxy radicals of not more than 4 carbon atoms) are manufactured by condensing a carbonyl compound of the general formula <FORM:0652272/IV (b)/2> with b -nitroethanol in the presence of an alkaline condensation catalyst and reducing the nitro group in the resulting nitrodiol. The condensation is preferably effected at a temperature below 50 DEG  C. in an inert organic solvent (e.g. a lower aliphatic alcohol) in the presence of an alkali metal oxide, hydroxide, amide or especially alkoxide, the initial product being a metal salt of the nitrodiol and a free diol being liberated by acidification before, concurrently with or after the reduction step.  The latter may be effected by means of acid-metal reductants (e.g. iron and acetic acid, zinc and sulphuric acid or nickel-aluminium alloy and acetic acid), reducing salts (e.g. stannous chloride, sodium hydrosulphite or ferrous sulphate), or preferably by catalytic hydrogenation using catalysts (e.g. palladium oxide, palladium on carbon or Raney nickel) and conditions (e.g. temperatures of 20-50 DEG  C. and hydrogen pressures of 15-2000 lbs. per square inch, the presence of solvents such as acetic acid or lower aliphatic alcohols) which do not cause hydrogenolysis of benzyl alcohol.  The products exist as structural (regular and pseudo) and optical isomers, the former being capable of separation by fractional crystallization, e.g. from chloroform.  The more soluble isomer, recovered in impure form by evaporation of the mother liquor, can be purified by converting it into an N-acyl or O,N-diacyl derivative, crystallizing this from alcohol or aqueous alcohol and hydrolysing the pure acyl derivative.  Examples describe the preparation of 1-phenyl-, 1-o-methylphenyl-, 1-m-methoxyphenyl-, 1-(31 : 41-dimethylphenyl)- and 1-o-chlorophenyl - 2 - nitro - and 2 - amino - propane-1 : 3-diol, and 2-nitro- and 2-amino-3-phenylbutane-1 : 3-diol.  Specifications 652,273, 652,274, 652,275, 652,276, 652,277, 652,278, 652,279 and 652,280 are referred to.
Patent GB-1448786-A (GB)
Title: Method of preparing starch hydrolysates by enzymatic hydrolysis
IPC: C13K1/06
Filed: 1974-03-28
Abstract: 1448786 Saccharification of starch DDSKROYER A/S 21 March 1975 [28 March 1974] 13747/74 Heading C2S Starch is sequentially enzymatically hydrolysed and saccharified in a process comprising the steps of (1) subjecting a starch slurry containing a liquefaction enzyme to an initial liquefaction at a temperature of from 70-90‹ C., (2) heating the initially liquefied medium to 100-140‹ C., (3) cooling the medium to 70-90‹ C. and adding a further amount of liquefaction enzyme to further liquefy the starch medium, (4) treating the medium to not less than 100‹ C., (5) cooling the medium to 70-90‹ C. and adding a further amount of liquefaction enzyme thereto to complete the liquefaction and (6) cooling the liquefied medium to a temperature of 50- 65‹ C. and adding a saccharification enzyme in order to complete the hydrolysis. The liquefaction and saccharification enzymes are preferably bacterial alpha-amylase and amyloglucosidase respectively.
Patent GB-1185825-A (GB)
Title: Improvements relating to Hair Treatment Preparations
Inventor: CZIRA DESIDERIU
IPC: A61Q5/00
Filed: 1966-03-29
Abstract: 1,185,825. Hair treatment composition. A. CZIRA. 28 June, 1967 [29 March, 1966], No. 13805/66. Heading A5B. A hair treatment preparation comprises industrial spirit as a solvent, water and a weak organic acid, together with an extract of bay leaves. The organic acid is suitably the juice of a citrus fruit, e.g. lemon juice.
Patent GB-1152341-A (GB)
Title: Silicone Compositions
IPC: C08G77/50
Filed: 1966-03-29
Abstract: 1,152,341. Polysiloxane compositions. DOW CORNING CORP. 29 March, 1966 [29 March, 1965], No. 13872/66. Heading C3T. [Also in Division C5] A silicone lubricant comprises a composition of alkanes and siloxanes prepared by the reaction of the corresponding hydrogen siloxane with an olefin/alkane mixture, the composition being (A) a mixture of the average general formula in which a and d each has an average value of 18 to 75, x is such that the total number of carbon atoms in the alkane CdH 2 d+ 2  plus the hydrocarbon radical C a H 2a+1  per terminal silicon atom is more than 18 and up to 100, and b has an average value of 0 to 73, or (B) a mixture of average general formula in which Z is a n-alkylene radical of 1 to 10 carbon atoms, f has an average value of 0 to 10, and a, d and x are as above, or (C) a mixture consisting of dimethyl siloxane and trimethyl siloxane units and units of the general formula in which a, d and x and the total number of carbon atoms in the alkane and CaH 2a+1  radical are as above, there being an average of 2 trimethylsiloxane units per molecule, from 2 to 75 (CH 3 ) 2 SiO units per molecule and an average of at least 2 units per molecule and not more than 4 per 10 siloxane units calculated on the total number of siloxane units in (C). The composition (A) is prepared by heating a mixture of with olefins containing alkanes in the presence of a platinum catalyst. Composition (B) is prepared by reacting 2 moles of with 1 mole of a diene in the presence of a platinum catalyst. The alkane containing olefins are then reacted with the unreacted Sibonded hydrogen atoms. Composition (C) is prepared by reacting with alkane-containing olefins as above. The compositions are waxy materials, compatible with dimethyl siloxane liquids and other organic lubricants.
Patent GB-200295-A (GB)
Title: Improvements in operating gear for electrical switches, controllers and other like apparatus
IPC: H01H25/00
Filed: 1922-05-18
Abstract: 200,295. Fawcett, H., and Metropolitan- Vickers Electrical Co., Ltd. May 18, 1922. Switches, actuating; latching. - Relates to control gear for switches, controllers &c. in which a single control lever 33 may move in either of two mutually perpendicular planes or in an intermediate direction and thereby effect the independent or the simultaneous actuation respectively of, for example, two controllers. The forked end 32 of the lever 33 is pivoted at 31 to a fork-shaped member 16 fixed to the shaft 5. Rotation of the lever 33 about its pivot 31 causes pins 34, which engage a sleeve 15, to move the sleeve along the shaft 5 and thereby, through a link 30, rotates a sector 25 connected to one controller. Rotation of the lever 33 in the plane of its pivot causes the rotation of the member 16, the shaft 5 and a sector 10 connected to the other controller. The sector 10 is fixed to the shaft 5 by screws 8 engaging one of two alternative sets of holes 7 and 7<1>. Engagement of the holes 7 makes the neutral position of the lever 33 horizontal, as shown; engagement of the holes 7<1> makes it vertical. Means are also provided whereby the control lever 33 is automatically locked whenever it reaches a position corresponding to the neutral position of either controller, so as to prevent accidental reversal of its motor. For this purpose the member 52 carries a catch 38 which is pressed upwards by a spring to engage a notch 39 on the member 16 and prevent further rotation of the lever 33 about the axis 31. Similarly further rotation of the lever 33 in the plane of the axis 31 is prevented by an arm 43 pivoted to the member 16 at 42 and pressed by a spring into a slot in a bracket 3. Both the catch 38 and the arm 43 may be moved out of engagement by pressing a trigger which actuates a bar 50 moving below the lever 33.
Patent GB-1063878-A (GB)
Title: Mixing and kneading machine
Inventor: BONGEN KARL-HEINZ
IPC: B29B7/52
Filed: 1965-04-02
Abstract: 1,063,878. Working plaster materials. ERSTE MASCHINENFABRIK, VEB. April 2, 1965. No. 14081/65. Heading B1C. A mixing and milling machine for thermoplastics has inlets 7, 8, a working roller 2 with conveying and kneading grooves, and around its periphery at least one pair of rotatable kneading tools 3, 4; as shown, the roller 2 and tool 4 rotate clockwise and the tool 3 counterclockwise. The material is discharged at 9 by the rotating scraper tool 5. The speed of the rotatable members may be independently steplessly variable; there may be cavities in them and in the housing for a heat exchange fluid. Each pair of tools 3, 4 may operate in a common mixing chamber, see Fig. 2 (not shown).
Patent GB-1380211-A (GB)
Title: Electrically driven clock
IPC: G04G19/10
Filed: 1972-04-24
Abstract: 1380211 Electronic digital clock SABA SCHWARZWAELDER APPARATE-BAU-ANSTALLT AUGUST SCHWER SOEHNE GmbH 24 April 1972 14206/72 Heading G3T A mains energized electronic digital clock automatically switches over to battery supply in the event of mains failure. During mains operation, a Schmidt trigger bistable circuit 6, Fig.2, receives half-wave rectified current from a transformer 15 via a rectifier 16 and a switch 13 in the operative position shown Fig.2. The squarewave output of trigger 6 is applied to a frequency divider 2 and thence to a four stage counter 3 Fig.1 (not shown) which counts minutes, 10 mins, hours, 10 hours. The outputs of the counter stages are fed to a digital indicator. The breakdown voltage of a Zener diode 11 is normally exceeded by the output voltage of a rectifier 17 so that a transistor 7 conducts via R8 and shunts a capacitor 12. On mains failure, Zener diode 11 and transistor 7 are blocked, and capacitor 12 is charged at a time constant such that the Schmidt trigger 6 operates as an oscillator producing pulses at the mains frequency which are fed to the dividers as before, a battery 18 then supplying current via a diode 19. The oscillation frequency of the trigger circuit is tuneable by a resistor 20. To set the clock at exact times, push button switches 13 are selectively operated to connect capacitors 14 of different values to the input of the Schmidt trigger thereby changing its oscillation frequency. Hours and minutes can be set individually thereby. Interference peaks at the input of divider 2 are suppressed by means of C21.
Patent GB-1186443-A (GB)
Title: Improvements in or relating to Sine Wave Oscillators
IPC: H03B5/20
Filed: 1967-03-29
Abstract: 1,186,443. Oscillators. PHILIPS ELECTRONIC & ASSOCIATED INDUSTRIES Ltd. 29 March, 1967 [1 April, 1966; 23 Dec., 1966], No. 14223/67. Heading H3F. [Also in Division G3] In a Wien bridge or similar type of oscillator the variation of output frequency is made linearly proportional to variation of an impedance R1 by automatic variation of a second impedance R2 in response to the amplitude of the output of the amplifier V1. In Fig 2 both impedances are resistances, and the output of the oscillator is rectified and compared with a reference voltage to derive a control signal controlling a motor S which adjusts the resistance R2. In modifications, Figs. 3 and 4 (not shown), the resistance of R2 depends on illumination or magnetic field, and the output of the amplitude detector A is fed to a light source or to an electromagnet. In further modifications, Figs. 5 and 6 (not shown), the impedances are both inductances or both capacitors. Another type of oscillator is described comprising a low pass filter in series with an amplifier, a high pass filter, and a second amplifier, with feedback from the output to the input. The frequency in this case is varied by varying a capacitor (Fig. 7, not shown) or an inductance (Fig. 8, not shown) in one filter, an amplitude detector being used to produce a corresponding variation in a resistance in the other filter.
Patent GB-1313045-A (GB)
Title: Braking systems for wheeled vehicles
IPC: B60T8/1761
Filed: 1971-05-11
Abstract: 1313045 Antiskid braking systems TRW Inc 11 May 1971 [27 July 1970] 14302/71 Heading F2F A method of controlling the braking of a vehicle comprises monitoring wheel velocity, at the onset of a brake application memorizing a signal which is a function of wheel velocity and therefore in the absence of slip a vehicle velocity signal, scaling up the wheel velocity signal while the brake is applied, allowing the scaled up signal to decrease so that the upwardly biased wheel signal will balance the remembered signal, effecting continuously integration of the vehicle deceleration signal to update the vehicle velocity signal and adjusting a brake pressure modulating device as a function of the error in the signal balance to raise or lower the braking torque to minimize such error and adjust wheel speed to maintain a fixed amount of slip. A master cylinder 23 supplies fluid pressure to a control unit 20 and a pump 30 is driven from the vehicle propeller shaft so that its output is a function of the rotational speed of the vehicle wheels 16, 17, the control unit including an inertial mass 79 and two valves having pistons 41, 56 sensitive to fluid flow speed. Piston 41 compresses a spring 44 as pump and wheel speed increase, the compressed spring load providing an equivalent of free rolling wheel speed and hence vehicle speed. A larger diameter extension 78 on piston 41 in conjunction with a check valve 60 hydraulically locks the spring compression as wheel deceleration begins when the brakes are applied so that the wheel speed signal is memorized. The inertial mass 79 moves against a spring 80 to uncover a shaped port 81 and allow the piston 41 to move as speed is reduced. The piston 78 integrates flow through the port and the spring load is continuously modified to reflect actual vehicle speed. In an electronic analogue of the hydraulic embodiment, Fig. 3, wheel rotation is sensed and translated to produce a voltage at A. When the brakes are applied a relay connects R 3 , R 4  as signal and feedback resistors to an amplifier 100 to form a voltage inverter and charges a capacitor C 1  to the negative of the voltage at A. When the brakes are applied the relay is energized to disconnect the amplifier from the wheel speed signal and alter its characteristics with capacitor C 1  and resistor R 5  as an integrator. Vehicle deceleration is sensed by a chassismounted linear accelerometer and presented as a voltage at B, the signal being integrated to produce a signal at C representing vehicle velocity which is continuously reduced through braking by the time integral of deceleration. Signals A and C are scaled and added by resistors R 1  and R 2  to produce the input to the error amplifier, the output of which controls an actuator 102 to adjust braking effort.
Patent GB-480072-A (GB)
Title: Improvements in or relating to portable dynamo lamps
IPC: F21L13/06
Filed: 1937-05-22
Abstract: 480,072. Dynamo lamps. QUITTENGO, C. D. DI. May 22, 1937, No. 14317. [Class 39 (ii)] In a portable dynamo lamp of the kind wherein the dynamo is driven by a spring mechanism, the lower end portion 8 of the lamp casing is rotatable relatively to the upper portion 1 for the purpose of winding the springs, the rotatable portion 8 being secured to the lower end of a winding-spindle 6 which extends axially through the springs to a transverse support or wall 5 carrying a pivoted pawl 31 in engagement with a ratchet wheel 30 at the upper end of the spindle 6, so that the rotation of the cap 8 is unidirectional. In the example, two coaxial spiral winding-springs 9, 12 respectively located within barrels 10, 13 are employed, the inner end of the spring 9 being fastened to a sleeve 7 secured on the spindle 6, while the outer end of the spring is secured to the barrel 10. The barrel 10 is secured to a sleeve 11 loosely mounted on the spindle 6 and secured to the inner end' of the spring 12, the outer end of which issecured to the barrel 13. The inner periphery of the upper end of barrel 13 is provided with a series of teeth 14 which engage a pinion 15 at-the lower end of a shaft 16 carrying a pinion 17 at its upper end, this latter pinion being the driving-member of a train of multiplying-wheels which drive a pinion 18 keyed to the shaft 19 of the rotor 20 of the dynamo. A spring-controlled detent 28 which is released by pressure upon a push-button 27 is provided to lock the pinion 17 during the winding of the springs. When the end cap 8 is rotated the spring 9 is wound first, further rotation of the cap causing the barrel 10 and sleeve 11 to be carried around until spring 12 is wound. The speed of the rotor shaft when the springs 'are released is controlled by a centrifugal brake comprising two weighted arms pivoted on a disc 23 which is keyed on the shaft 19, the outer ends of the arms, which are connected by a spring 29, being arranged to wipe against a flange 25 on a partition 26 when the speed exceeds a predetermined amount. The partition 26 forms part of an enclosure containing the rotor 20 and the stator windings 21, one end of the latter being earthed and the other end connected to a contact spring 22 for the lamp bulb 3.
Patent GB-626109-A (GB)
Title: Improvements in and connected with stoppers for jars, bottles and the like containers
IPC: B65D39/08
Filed: 1947-05-30
Abstract: 626,109. Stoppers; bungs. ABBEY, F. A. May 30, 1947, No. 14348. [Classes 21 and 125(iii)] A flush - fitting stopper for jars, bottles, or like containers comprises an enlarged head e having a coned annulus c against which a sealing ring d is fitted, and a plug portion a, formed with interrupted screw - threads b, which engages in a bung-hole fitting g having a hole h with co-operating internal threads j, a seating l for the sealing ring d, and circumferential grooves n<SP>1</SP> for engaging protruding end portions m<SP>1</SP> of a leaf spring m passing through the head e. During insertion of the stopper the ends m<SP>1</SP> initially move axially in slots n, the closure being completed by partial rotation of the stopper. Modifications comprise the use of a cap r (Fig. 7 not shown) which may be flat or have a rim engaging a circular groove s in the fitting g, or be formed to engage screw-threads on the container. In all forms a hinged handle is provided on the top of the stopper.