Patent GB-964799-A (GB)
Title: Thermoplastic amylaceous compositions and their use in preparing shaped or coated articles
IPC: C09J7/10
Filed: 1961-04-07
Abstract: A water-soluble composition which flows under heat and pressure comprises an ether, ester, mixed ether, mixed ester or mixed ether ester derivative of an amylaceous material, a plasticizer therefor and 1-20% of water by weight of the derivative.  The amylaceous material may be derived from wheat, corn, sorghum, potatoes, tapioca, waxy maize, amylose or amylopectin alone or in any combination with each other or degradation products therefrom. The derivatives mentioned are hydroxy ethyl starch, hydroxy propyl starch, hydroxypropyl amylose, hydroxy ethyl amylopectin, hydroxypropyl amylopectin, carboxy methyl starch, carboxy methyl amylose, carboxy methyl amylopectin, acetyl starch, acetyl amylose, acetyl amylopectin, methyl starch, methyl amylose, methyl amylopectin, carboxy methyl hydroxy propyl starch, methyl hydroxy propyl starch, and acetyl hydroxy propyl starch, or ethers with alkyl, unsaturated alkyl, hydroxy alkyl, carboxy alkyl or cyanoalkyl groups, esters with saturated and unsaturated fatty acids, and mixed derivatives of two or more ethers and/or esters. Suitable plasticizers used are propylene glycol, glycerol, diethylene glycol, dipropylene glycol, mono acetyl glycerol, diacetyl glycerol, hydroxy propyl glycerol, amino ethyl ethanolamine, methyl diethanolamine, hydroxy ethyl morpholine, butyl carbitol, or polyoxyethylene, which are preferably used in amounts of 10-20% by weight of the derivative. The derivative may be degraded by treatment with acid, also by oxidation, heat, light, high energy radiation or enzymes, and additional materials such as clay, pigments, fillers and dyes may be added. Examples illustrate the effects of the extent of etherification, the water content, different plasticizers and amounts thereof, the viscosity of the derivative and different derivatives on the plastic flow of the composition. The composition may be used to coat paper. The product is rewettable and heat sealable and is used as gummed paper.ALSO:A water-soluble adhesive composition which flows under heat and pressure comprises an ether, ester, mixed ether, mixed ester or mixed ether-ester derivative of an amylaceous material, a plasticizer therefor and 1 to 20% of water by weight of the derivative.  The amylaceous material may be derived from wheat, corn, sorghum, potato, tapioca, waxy maize or amylose or amylopectin alone or in any combination with each other or degradation products therefrom. Derivatives specified are hydroxy ethyl starch, hydroxypropyl starch, hydroxypropyl amylose, hydroxyethyl amylopectin, hydroxypropyl amylopectin, carboxymethyl starch, carboxymethyl amylose, carboxymethyl amylopectin, acetyl starch, acetyl amylose, acetyl amylopectin, methyl starch, methyl amylose, methyl amylopectin, carboxymethyl hydroxypropyl starch, methylhydroxypropyl starch, and acetyl hydroxypropyl starch or ethers with alkyl, unsaturated alkyl, hydroxyalkyl, carboxyalkyl or cyanoalkyl groups, esters with saturated and unsaturated fatty acids and mixed derivatives of two or more ethers and/or esters.  Suitable plasticizers are propylene glycol, glycerol, diethylene glycol, dipropylene glycol, monoacetyl glycerol, diacetylglycerol, hydroxypropylglycerol, aminoethylethanolamine, methyl diethanolamine, hydroxyethyl morpholine, butyl carbitol or polyoxyethylene, which are preferably used in amounts of 10-20% by weight of the derivative.  The derivative may be degraded by treatment with acid, also by oxidation, heat, light, high-energy radiation or enzymes, and additional materials for example, clay, pigments, fillers and dyes may be added. Examples illustrate the effects of the extent of etherification, the water content, different plasticizers and amounts thereof, the viscosity of the derivative and different derivatives, on the plastic flow of the composition. The composition may be used to coat paper. The product is rewettable and heat-sealable and is used as gummed paper.ALSO:Paper, textile fabrics and plastic sheets are coated with a water soluble plastic composition which flows under heat and pressure comprising a starch derivative, a plasticizer for the derivative and 1-20% by weight of water.  The coating is applied by causing the plastic composition to flow under heat and pressure.  The starch derivative may be suitably degraded by acid hydrolysis, oxidation, heat, light, high energy radiation or enzymes and additional materials such as clay, pigments, fillers and dyes may be added.  An example illustrates the coating of polypropylene sheeting and the formation of a laminated enamel floor tile formed from layers of asphalt-impregnated paper, the plastic composition and the enamel covering.  The composition may also be used for making prepasted cloth-based wallpaper (oilcloth) and coating poly(ethyleneglycolterephthalate) to reduce the permeability to oxygen and hydrocarbons.  Starch derivatives mentioned are hydroxy-ethyl-starch, hydroxy-propyl-starch, hydroxy propyl amylose, hydroxy ethyl amylopectin, hydroxy propyl amylopectin, carboxy methyl starch, carboxy methyl amylose, carboxy methyl amylopectin, acetyl starch, acetyl amylose, acetyl amylopectin, methyl starch, methyl amylose, methyl amylopectin, carboxy methyl hydroxy propyl starch, methyl hydroxy propyl starch, or ethers with alkyl, unsaturated alkyl, hydroxy alkyl or cyanoalkyl groups, esters with saturated and unsaturated fatty acids and mixed derivatives of two or more ethers and/or esters. Suitable plasticizers used are propylene glycol, glycerol, diethylene glycol, dipropylene glycol, mono acetyl glycerol, diacetyl glycerol, hydroxy propyl glycerol, amino ethyl ethanolamine, methyl diethanolamine, hydroxy ethyl morpholine, butyl carbitol and polyoxyethylene.