Patent GB-844758-A (GB)
Title: Production of consolidated units of particulated carbonaceous materials having head-load strength
Inventor: BARCLAY KENNETH M
IPC: C10L5/10
Filed: 1956-07-19
Abstract: Non - swelling particulated carbonaceous material mixed with a fluent binder to produce a plastic mass of uniform consistency, is formed into units, such as by briquetting or extrusion, which are heated to a temperature substantially above 500 DEG F. for a period of time sufficient to materially increase their head load strength, but less than the period of time that will effect an overoxidation of the units, the temperature of the heat treated units being maintained above the temperature at which substantial cracking and embrittling of the units takes place.  The carbonaceous material may be bituminous coals, petroleum coke or mixtures of various coals or cokes and the binder may be cold tar pitch, tall oil pitch or asphalt.  A wetting agent such as alkyl sulphonate may be incorporated to ensure effective wetting of the carbonaceous particles by the binder and a hydrophylic colloid such as carboxymethyl cellulose may be added.  The binder may have the addition of an accelerator such as sulphur, sulphuric acid, sulphite liquor, sulphur halogen, nitric or sulphurous acid, linseed oil or tall oil.  The curing may be carried out in a tunnel or stack heater. The formed units may be heated at 900 DEG F. for about 10 minutes in a gas containing between 5 and 10% of oxygen.  The units after heating to increase their strength may be passed downwardly through a carbonizing retort in direct contact with an upwardly flowing stream of hot non-reactive gas composed in part of a stream of stripped product gas derived from the carbonization zone, fed to the retort and combusted with air, and in part of a stream of stripped product gas fed to the bottom of the retort.  The second stream of gas serves to quench the descending coke at the base of the retort.  The carbonization is effected at a temperature of 850 DEG  to a 1000 DEG C.  If the carbonaceous material is undesirably high in sulphur, desulphurization may be effected in the retort by feeding in a stream of ammonia gas at a certain height or location in the retort, for example when the temperature obtaining is of the order of 800 DEG C.ALSO:Non-swelling particulated carbonaceous material mixed with a fluent binder to produce a plastic mass of uniform consistency, is formed into units, such as by briquetting or extrusion, which are heated to a temperature substantially above 500 DEG F. for a period of time sufficient to materially increase their head load strength, but less than the period of time that will effect an overoxidation of the units, the temperature of the heat treated units being maintained above the temperature at which substantial cracking and embrittling of the units takes place.  The carbonaceous material may be bituminous coals, petroleum coke or mixtures of various coals or cokes and the binder may be cold tar pitch, tall oil pitch or asphalt.  A wetting agent such as alkyl sulphonate may be incorporated to ensure effective wetting of the carbonaceous particles by the binder and a hydrophylic colloid such as carboxymethyl cellulose may be added.  The binder may have the addition of an accelerator such as sulphur, sulphuric acid, sulphite liquor, sulphur halogen, nitric or sulphurous acid, linseed oil or tall oil.  The curing may be carried out in a tunnel or stack heater. The formed units may be heated at 900 DEG F. for about 10 minutes in a gas containing between 5 and 10% of oxygen.  The units after heating to increase their strength may be passed downwardly through a carbonizing retort in direct contact with an upwardly flowing stream of hot non-reactive gas composed in part of a stream of striped product gas derived from the carbonization zone, fed to the retort and combusted with air, and in part of a stream of stripped product gas fed to the bottom of the retort.  The second stream of gas serves to quench the descending coke at the base of the retort.  The carbonization is effected at a temperature of 850 DEG  to a 1000 DEG C.  If the carbonaceous material is undesirably high in sulphur, desulphurization may be effected in the retort by feeding in a stream of ammonia gas at a certain height or location in the retort, for example when the temperature obtaining is of the order of 800 DEG C. Phosphate rock may be included with the carbonaceous material to produce briquettes suitable for the production of phosphorus, phosphosus pentoxide &c.ALSO:Non-swelling particulated carbonaceous material mixed with a fluent binder to produce a plastic mass of uniform consistency, is formed into units, such as by briquetting or extrusion, which are heated to a temperature substantially above 500 DEG F. for a period of time sufficient to materially increase their head load strength, but less than the period of time that will effect an overoxidation of the units, the temperature of the heat treated units being maintained above the temperature at which substantial cracking and embrittling of the units takes place.  The carbonaceous material may be bituminous coals, petroleum coke or mixtures of various coals or cokes and the binder may be cold tar pitch, tall oil pitch or asphalt.  A wetting agent such as alkyl sulphonate may be incorporated to ensure effective wetting of the carbonaceous particles by the binder and a hydrophylic colloid such as carboxymethyl cellulose may be added.  The binder may have the addition of an accelerator such as sulphur, sulphuric acid, sulphite liquor, sulphur halogen, nitric or sulphurous acid, linseed oil or tall oil.  The curing may be carried out in a tunnel or stack heater. The formed units may be heated at 900 DEG F. for about 10 minutes in a gas containing between 5 and 10% of oxygen.  The units after heating to increase their strength may be passed downwardly through a carbonizing retort in direct contact with an upwardly flowing stream of hot non-reactive gas composed in part of a stream of stripped product gas derived from the carbonization zone, fed to the retort and combusted with air, and in part of a stream of stripped product gas fed to the bottom of the retort.  The second stream of gas serves to quench the descending coke at the base of the retort.  The carbonization is effected at a temperature of 850 DEG  to 1000 DEG C. If the carbonaceous material is undesirably high in sulphur, desulphurization may be effected in the retort by feeding in a stream of ammonia gas at a certain height or location in the retort, for example when the temperature obtaining is of the order of 800 DEG C.