Patent GB-598140-A (GB)
Title: Improvements in method of preparing aqueous dispersions of synthetic resins
IPC: C09K23/00
Filed: 1945-08-31
Abstract: Aqueous dispersions of one or more of the following synthetic resins: polymers of butadienes-1, 3, copolymers of butadienes-1, 3 with compounds which contain a CH2=C< group and are copolymerisable therewith, polyisobutylene, copolymers of isobutylene and a conjugated diene, organic polysulphide polymers, polyvinyl chloride, copolymers of vinyl chloride and vinyl acetate, and alkyl methacrylate polymers, are made by mixing the resin with a heat-reaction product of rosin, an alkanolamine, a glycol, and a dimerised acid of a vegetable drying oil, and also with a hydrophilic colloidal dispersing agent, and adding water until an inversion of phase takes place.  To form the heat-reaction product, the glycol for example ethylene glycol and the dimerised acid of a vegeable drying oil such as soya bean oil, tung oil, linseed oil or other unsaturated vegetable drying oil acid, may be previously reacted to form a polyester, which is then heated for about 5 to 15 hours at a temperature between 180 DEG  and 300 DEG C. with rosin and mono-,di-,or trialkanolamine such as tri-ethanolamine.  Other resins for example polyvinyl butyral resin may also be incorporated in the heat reaction product. Examples of dispersible resins are: polymers of butadiene-1, 3, isoprene, chloroprene, piperylene, and 2, 3-dimethyl-butadiene-1, 3; copolymers of butadienes-1, 3 with aryl olefins such as styrene and vinyl naphthalene, the alpha methylene carboxylic acids and their esters, nitriles and amides such as acrylic acid, methyl acrylate, methyl methacrylate, acrylonitrile, methyl methacrylate, acrylonitrile, methacrylamide, methacrylonitrile and also with methyl vinyl ether, methyl vinyl ketone and vinylidene chloride; copolymers of isobutylene with butadiene-1, 3 or isoprene; and polysulphide polymers such as the product of reacting alkali polysulphides with ethylene dichloride and dichlorethyl ether. Suitable dispersing agents are colloidal clay, protein for example, solubilised casein, or a soap for example, an alkali-metal, ammonium, alkylamine alkanolamine or morpholine soap. Plasticisers may be added before mixing, such as dibutoxyethylphthalate or dibutyl phthalate and the soap may be formed in situ by adding first, for example, oleic or stearic acids followed by, for example, sodium or potassium hydroxide.ALSO:Aqueous dispersions of one or more of the following synthetic resins: polymers of butadienes - 1, 3, copolymers of butadienes - 1, 3 with compounds which contain a CH2 = C< group and are copolymerisable therewith, polyisobutylene, copolymers of isobutylene and a conjugated diene, organic polysulphide p  polymers, polyvinyl chloride, copolymers of vinyl chloride and vinyl acetate, and alkyl methacrylate polymers, are made by mixing the resin with a heat-reaction product of rosin, an alkanolamine, a glycol, and a dimerised acid of a vegetable drying oil, and also with a hydrophilic colloidal dispersing agent and adding water until an inversion of phase takes place.  To form the heat-reaction product, the glycol, for example ethylene glycol and the dimerised acid of a vegetable drying oil such as soya bean oil, tung oil, linseed oil or other unsaturated vegetable drying oil acid, may be previously reacted to form a polyester, which is then heated for about 5 to 15 hours at a temperature between 180 DEG  and 300 DEG  C. with rosin and a mono-, di-, or tri-alkanolamine such as triethanolamine.  Other resins, for example polyvinyl butyral resin, may also be incorporated in the heat-reaction product. Examples of dispersible resins are: polymers of butadiene-1, 3, isoprene, chloroprene, piperylene, and 2,3-dimethyl-butadiene-1,3; copolymers of butadienes-1, 3 with aryl olefines such as styrene and vinyl naphthalene, the alphamethylene carboxylic acids and their esters, nitriles and amides, such as acrylic acid, methyl acrylate, methyl methacrylate, acrylonitrile, methacrylonitrile, methacrylamide and also with methyl vinyl ether, methyl vinyl ketone and vinylidene chloride; copolymers of isobutylene with butadiene-1,3 or isoprene, and polysulphide polymers such as the product of reacting alkali polysulphides with ethylene dichloride and dichlorethyl ether.  Suitable dispersing agents are colloidal clay, protein, for example solubilized casein, or a soap, for example an alkali-metal, ammonium, alkylamine, alkanolamine or morpholine soap.  Plasticisers such as dibutoxyethylphthalate or dibutyl phthalate may be added before mixing and the soap may be formed in situ by adding first for example oleic or stearic acid followed by for example sodium or potassium hydroxide.