Patent GB-460435-A (GB)
Title: Improved manufacture of condensation products and substantially olefine-free oils from olefine-containing oils
IPC: C10G29/20
Filed: 1935-05-20
Abstract: Olefinic constituents are removed from oils containing them by condensation with aromatic hydroxy- or alkoxy-compounds in the presence of perchloric acid.  As olefine-containing oils there may be used: mineral oils and fractions thereof such as benzines and petroleums; cracking products of paraffins, mineral oils, benzines, and tar oils; petroleum tar distillates; products of hydrogenation of coal and such products from the carbonisation of wood as consist chiefly of aliphatic constituents; synthetic benzines; products obtained from oils containing chloro-paraffins by removal of hydrochloric acid, from oils containing natural or synthetic fats by removal of carbon dioxide, and from oils containing fatty alcohols by removal of water; and products from the cellulose industry.  Examples of hydroxy-compounds, which may be used in the pure or commercial states, are phenol, cresols, xylenols, naphthols, hydroxy - compounds of phenanthrene, anthracene, diphenyl, diphenylmethane, diphenylethane, and their substitution derivatives.  The condensation products produced may be separated from the purified oil by fractional distillation at reduced, normal, or increased pressure, by steam or inert gases, by extraction, or by crystallization.  They may be used alone or in admixture with other substances as superfatting agents, disinfectants, fungicides, insecticides; in the manufacture of floor polishes, foam stabilizers, and cleansing agents, and they may be hydrogenated and substituted.  In examples: (1) to (6) o-cresol is condensed with (1) a benzine fraction containing 40 per cent. olefines, (2) a hydrocarbon mixture containing 33 per cent olefines, (3) a synthetic benzine fraction, (4), (5), (6) a cracked benzine containing 40 per cent olefine; (7) m-xylenol, (8) anisol, (10) b -naphthol, are condensed with a synthetic benzine containing 30 per cent olefines; (9) a -naphthol is condensed with a synthetic benzine containing 15 per cent olefines.  The product of example (1) is mainly mono-isohexyl-o-cresol and may be used as a disinfectant, an emulsifying and a dispersing agent.  According to the Provisional Specification, the condensation may be carried out without a catalyst, or in the presence of aluminium chloride, aluminium fluoride, boron fluoride, iron chloride, zinc chloride or active fuller's earth.  The following additional starting materials are specified: products from low-temperature carbonization of coal; products from cracking hydrogenation of coal; whale oil, fish oils, talloel, turpentine, and pine oil.ALSO:Olefinic constituents are removed from oils containing them by condensation with aromatic hydroxy- or alkoxycompounds in the presence of perchloric acid.  As olefine-containing oils there may be used: mineral oils and fractions thereof such as benzines and petroleums; cracking products of paraffins, mineral oils, benzines, and tar oils; petroleum tar distillates; products of hydrogenation of coal and such products from the carbonization of wood as consist chiefly of aliphatic constituents; synthetic benzines; products obtained from oils containing chloro-paraffins by removal of hydrochloric acid, from oils containing natural or synthetic fats by removal of carbon dioxide, and from oils containing fatty alcohols by removal of water; and products from the cellulose industry.  Examples of hydroxy-compounds, which may be used in the pure or commercial states, are phenol, cresols, xylenols, naphthols, hydroxy-compounds of phenanthrene, anthracene, diphenyl, diphenylmethane, diphenylethane, and their substitution derivatives.  The condensation products produced may be separated from the purified oil by fractional distillation at reduced, normal, or increased pressure, by steam or inert gases, by extraction, or by crystallization.  They may be used alone or in admixture with other substances as superfatting agents, disinfectants, fungicides, insecticides; in the manufacture of p  floor polishes, foam stabilizers, and cleansing agents; and they may be hydrogenated and substituted.  In examples: (1) to (6) O-cresol is condensed with (1) a benzine fraction containing 40 per cent. olefines, (2) a hydrocarbon mixture containing 33 per cent olefines, (3) a synthetic benzine fraction, (4), (5), (6) a cracked benzine containing 40 per cent, olefines; (7) m-xylenol, (8) anisol, (10) b -naphthol, are condensed with a synthetic benzine containing 30 per cent olefines; (9) a -naphthol is condensed with a synthetic benzine containing 15 per cent olefines.  The product of example (1) is mainly mono-isohexyl-o-cresol and may be used as a disinfectant, an emulsifying and a dispersing agent.  According to the Provisional Specification the condensation may be carried out without a catalyst, or in the presence of aluminium chloride, aluminium fluoride, boron fluoride, iron chloride, zinc chloride or active fuller's earth.  The following additional starting materials are specified: products from low-temperature carbonization of coal; products from cracking hydrogenation of coal; whale oil, fish oils, talloel, turpentine, and pine oil.