Patent GB-898025-A (GB)
Title: Pulse signal transmission systems
IPC: H04L7/00
Filed: 1958-12-19
Abstract: 898,025. Automatic phase control systems; pulse code circuits. WESTERN ELECTRIC CO. Inc. Dec. 19, 1958 [Dec. 31, 1957], No 41004/58. Class 40(5).  A pulse signal transmission system comprises a source of signal pulses, e.g. pulse code modulated signals, coupled to a controllable pulse-delay element which delivers at its output, after an adjustable delay interval, pulses applied to its input, and means jointly responsive to reference pulses from a reference pulse source and to the output pulses for controlling the delay interval of the delay element. Pulse signals which are subject to fixed and random timing deviations due to the characteristics of repeater stations or to changes in the propagation characteristics of the transmission medium are supplied from a source 13, Fig. 1, to an amplifier 15 and via an input transducer 17, magnetostrictive delay line 18, and output transducer 19 to a utilization circuit 20. The delayed pulses at B are applied to one input of a phase error detector 21 which receives as its other input reference pulses A, having a repetition frequency equal to that of the input pulses, from a source 22. The output from 21 is amplified at 23 and through an actuator 24 the transducer 19 is moved in one or other direction along the delay line 18 until the condition of correct phasing is reached in which the delayed pulse at B is of such phase that the start of the reference pulse occurs at the centre of the delayed pulse. In order to prevent pulse "jitter" from affecting the phase error detector, the reference pulses from 22 are applied via an input transducer 25, delay line 26, and output transducer 27 to gate the amplifier 15, the transducer 25 being adjusted jointly with the transducer 19, so that the reference pulses are sufficiently delayed to correspond with the mean phase of the incoming signals. The phase error detector, Fig. 2, comprises transistors 30, 32, the signals at A and B being respectively coupled to the base terminals. The base 35 of a transistor 31 is connected to a voltage divider 33 to provide a bias potential equal to the voltage level of the pulses applied at A. When no reference pulses are applied at A the application of signal pulses at B enables a current path from source 39 via transistor 31, transistor 32, and resistor 37 to ground. Application of pulses at A enables a current path from the source 39 via transistors 30, 32, and resistor 37 to ground. The transistor 31 is blocked when no signal pulses appear at B. Signals appearing at the collector of transistor 30 are inverted at 45 and coupled through impedance 46 to the output terminal 47, and signals at the collector of transistor 31 are coupled through the impedance 48 to the output terminal 47. The voltages at C and D are added by impedances 48, 46, and integrated by the capacitor 49 to provide the control voltage. The actuator 24 of Fig.1 may be a known type of reversible servomotor. Alternatively it may consist of a bimetallic strip which is caused to expand in response to the heating effect of the control current and move the transducer 19. Alternatively it may consist of a rotatably mounted eddy current disc having two pairs of polepieces arranged adjacent its periphery. Pulses from source A are supplied to windings on one pair of polepieces and pulses from source B are supplied to windings on the other pair. The resultant torque is proportional in magnitude and direction to the relative phase relationship of the currents in the windings.