Patent GB-1133739-A (GB)
Title: Improvements in or relating to control apparatus for aircraft propulsion units
IPC: B64C11/30
Filed: 1966-02-08
Abstract: 1,133,739. Controlling variable-pitch propellers. FAIRCHILD HILLER CORP. 8 Feb., 1966 [9 Feb., 1965], No. 5429/66. Heading B7V. [Also in Division F2] A variable-pitch aircraft-propeller 15 is driven by a gas turbine 12 that is supplied with working-fluid by a gas generator 11 to which fuel is fed by a pump 16 through a pipe 17 and control valves 18, 20, the valve 18 being regulated by a partially-rotatable cam 54 connected to a manually-operated lever 25 by a linkage system whereas the valve 20 is regulated by a so-called "fuel topping governor" 22, which is connected to the turbine 12 and is sensitive to changes in the speed thereof. A constant speed governor or unit 21 is also connected to the turbine 12 and is responsive to changes in the speed thereof, the output side of said unit being coupled to an hydraulic bladepitch controller 23 through a bleed-valve 36, which is coupled by links 32, 34 to the lever 25 (through said linkage system) and to a follower 31 lodged in a slip-ring 26. The governor 22 is also connected to the lever 25 by a link 33 coupled to the link 34. Screw-threaded rods 27 provided with nuts 30 are attached to the slip-ring 26 and engage with a collar 28 on the controller 23 when the pitch is reduced (by the action of the unit 21) to a pre-determined angle so that further reduction of the pitch is prevented due to movement of the slip-ring together, the controller 23 causing the valve 36 to open with consequent loss of pressure in the controller. The linkage system includes a bellcrank lever 38 having one end connected to the lever 25 and the other end thereof carrying cam-follower 41 that engages with a bi-arcuate slot 42 within a pivotally-mounted plate 43, which is attached to the link 34. The lever 38 has a plate 45 fixed thereto by a bolt 46 and pivotally supported by a rod 55 that together with a bolt 50 on said plate mates with a slot 47 within a slidable link or lever arm 44, which is coupled to the cam 54 by further links 52, 53, 55A and is movable rectilinearly relative to the plate 45 so that its effective length can be varied by a link 56 coupled to a slide 57 on the rod 55, the slide being connected to a manually-controlled knob 61 by a cable 60. In operation, the governor 22 normally serves as a safety device that reduces the rate of flow of fuel to the generator 11 when either the unit 21 or the propeller 15 fails. This status of the governor 22 is effected when the lever 25 has an angular position such that the cam-follower 41 lies in a portion AB of the slot 42. When the lever 25 is moved to bring the cam - follower into a portion BC of the slot 42, the governor 22 is set to control the valve 20 such that the speed of the turbine 12 (and that of the propeller 15) is restricted e.g. to 95% of the maximum value. Such movement of the lever 25 is preceded by manual operation of a knob 24 associated with the unit 21 so as to set the unit in such a manner as to require maximum speed at the turbine. Owing to restriction in the speed of the turbine by said movement of the lever, the unit 21 causes a reduction in the pitch of the propeller blades until the aforesaid pro-determined angle is reached, which angle is determined by the positions of the nuts 30 on the rods 27 and by the angular position of the lever 25 (while the cam-follower 41 is within the portion BC of the slot 42). It is stated that when the cam-follower 41 lies within the portion BC of the slot 42, the lever 25 is in a so-called "Beta control range", which is required during landing of the aircraft. Movement of the lever 25 to bring the cam-follower 41 within the portion AB of the slot 42 towards the portion B thereof causes corresponding rotation of the cam 54 and reduction in the rate of flow of fuel through the pipe 17 due to partial closure of the valve 18. Further movement of the lever 25 to displace the cam-follower 41 away from the portion B towards the portion C i.e. "retardation" of the lever 25 within the Beta control range, effects re-opening of the valve 18, the rate of flow of fuel through the pipe 17 then being controlled by the governor 22. The effective length of link 44 can be changed, by appropriate movement of the knob 61 as aforesaid, to regulate the angular movement of the cam 54 and hence the minimum rate of flow of fuel in the pipe 17 when the lever 25 enters the Beta control range to suit flight or ground operating conditions for the aircraft. It is stated that when the cam follower 41 reaches a position D when being curved by the lever 25 towards the portion C of the slot 42, the blade-pitch angle may be rendered negative to cause braking of the aircraft. The link 34 may be coupled to the plate 43 by engaging with one or other of a plurality of holes 62 whereby the action of the governor 22 within the Beta control range of the lever 25 can be adjusted. Screw-threads may be provided on the link 52 to permit adjustment of the cam 54 and hence the minimum rate of flow of fuel in the pipe 17; and for a similar purpose adjustable stops for the link 44 may be provided on the plate 45. It is also stated that the links 44, 56 and the slide 57 can be replaced by a cam or a spring coupled arrangement.