Patent GB-799169-A (GB)
Title: Improvements in or relating to the manufacture of bottles from thermoplastic material
IPC: B29C33/00
Filed: 1955-12-29
Abstract: 799,169. Moulding plastic bottles. DUBINER, S. Dec. 29, 1955 [Jan. 19, 1955], No. 37321/55. Class 87(2). In the manufacture of plastic bottles by injection-moulding a slug and then blowing that slug, each cycle of operations comprises the following alternating groups of arrangements: (a) When the moulds are closed a fresh slug is being formed on a first core in an injection mould, a slug which has been formed on a second core in the preceding cycle is being blown in a blow mould, and a third core is disposed at a station outside the moulds. (b) When the moulds are open the first core (with its slug thereon) is transferred from the injection mould into the blow mould, the sednd core (with its blown bottle thereon) is transferred from the blow mould to the outside station, and the third core is transferred from the outside station to the injection mould. In a modified procedure four cores are used. The drawings show a duplex machine having six cores comprising, Fig. 4, a stationary platen B, a movable platen A and a nozzle D through which material is injected to form the slugs. Bolted to platen A are half-injectionmoulds 3, 3a (see also Fig. 1) and half-blowing moulds 4, 4a, the other halves, Fig. 4, 31, 3a<SP>1</SP>, 4 (not shown) and 4i being bolted to platen B. The upper part of the machine has a core unit comprising three cores 6, 7, 8 which co-operate with the upper moulds 3, 3<SP>1</SP> and 4, 41, and the lower part has another core unit comprising three cores 6a, 7a, 8a, co-operating with the lower moulds 3a, 3a<SP>1</SP> and 4a, 4a<SP>1</SP>. The three cores 6a, 7a, 8a, are secured to a rotary hub 9, which is rotatably mounted on an axle 12 fixed to platen A. When the mould is opened by retraction of platen A to the left, Fig. 4, each hub, with its cores, is pushed away from platen A by a spring 30 surrounding its axle 12, and is rotated counterclockwise through 120 degrees by downward movement of a rack 31, Fig. 3, this rack co-operating with a pinion 25 coupled to hub 9 through a ratchet device which transmits motion counterclockwise only. This counterclockwise rotation (a) moves core 6a, with its slug S6a, Fig. 1, into a position where it is aligned with the blowing mould halves 4a, 4a<SP>1</SP>; (b) moves core 7a, with its blown bottle B7a, to the outside station OS; and (c) (the blown bottle B8a having been removed) moves core 8a to a position where it is aligned with the injection mould halves 3a, 3a<SP>1</SP>. The mould then closes and the slug S6a is blown in mould 4a, 4a<SP>1</SP>, another slug is moulded on core 8a in mould 3a, 3a<SP>1</SP>, and the bottle B7a is removed from core 7a. This series of operations is duplicated at the upper part of the machine, the upper hub 9 (carrying cores 6, 7, 8) being rotated through 120 degrees counterclockwise by another rack (not shown) which is fixed to the piston 33, Fig. 3, that carries rack 31, this piston being raised, to turn the hubs, by air-pressure through pipe 37, and lowered (on the idle stroke) by spring 38. A detent 41 arrests the lower hub 9 (and hence the upper hub also) in the correct position. If the hub does not arrive in the correct position a switch member 46 does not enter a bore 44 in the hub and, striking a pin 47, operates a contact 48 to break an electrical circuit so that the moulds will not close. Each core is in the form of a tube 13, Fig. 6, having a valve 13<SP>1</SP>, for admission of blowing air, carried by a rod 16, Fig. 11, that is urged inwardly to the valve-closed position by a spring 17 and outwardly by a ball 19 to open the valve when the ball rides out of recesses 21 (or flats) on the (stationary) axle 12. Air is supplied to the core through bores 59, 60, Fig. 6, in the axle and bore 61 in the hub. Other ducts may be provided in the axle to facilitate discharge of blown bottles.' When a core turns from the registering position shown in Fig. 6 the duct 61 is misaligned with duct 60 and the air supply to the core is shut off. A valve in the air line shuts off air supply altogether when the mould is opened. When a bottle has been blown and the valve 13<SP>1</SP> has closed, air pressure leaks from the interior of the bottle via ducts (not shown). A thermocouple including a constantan wire 67, Fig. 11, indicates the temperature of the core. Each core has a root part 15 on which is slidable disposed a one-piece sleeve 54 which moulds a screw-threaded neck 55<SP>1</SP> on the slug. The sleeve has a pin-and-slot connection 57, 56, with part 15, and when a blown bottle is to be removed from a core the sleeve 54 is turned to advance the sleeve from the Fig. 8 position to the Fig. 10 position, for the purpose of eliminating shrinkage strains and allowing easy unscrewing of the bottle. A sprue extractor 51 retains the sprue. The mould is cooled by coolant flowing through pipes 64, 65 and duct 63. In a modification (not illustrated) (1) each hub carries four cores and rotates in 90 degree steps, there being two outside stations at one of which the bottles cool and at the other the bottles being removed ; (2) the racks may be driven hydraulically, mechanically or electromagnetically; (3) the two core units may have independent synchronized drives; (4) there may be only one core unit or more than two ; (5) the core units may be mounted on the stationary platen.