Patent GB-1000473-A (GB)
Title: Method of depositing polymers on fibrous products
IPC: D06M15/59
Filed: 1962-02-16
Abstract: Leather, e.g. vegetable tanned leather, is strengthened and its abrasion resistance is improved by treating it with a liquid medium comprising a reactant material (A) and another liquid medium comprising a reactant material (B), reactant materials (A) and (B) being capable of reacting together to form a condensation polymer and each liquid medium comprising a separate liquid phase immiscible with the other, and bringing about reaction between the reactive materials (A) and (B) resulting in the formation of a condensation polymer in contact with the leather, and then drying it. The reactant material (A) may be phosgene or a compound containing at least two acyl halide groups, e.g. a dicarboxylic acid halide such as adipoyl chloride, disulphonic acid halide, biscarbamyl halide or bishaloformate, and reactant material (B) may be a compound containing at least two groups containing at least one active hydrogen atom more reactive than alcoholic hydrogen or alkali metal mercaptide or phenolate groups, e.g. compounds containing at least two amido, amino, amidino, thiol or phenolate groups, numerous examples of reactants (A) and (B) being given.  Liquid reactants may be applied undiluted but the acyl halide reactants (A) are preferably applied in solution in nonpolar water immiscible solvents, e.g. benzene, toluene, xylene, cyclohexane, trichlorethylene, chlorobenzene, nitrobenzene, heptane, isooctane, diethylether, ethyl acetate, methyl amyl ketones, ethylene dichloride, carbon tetrachloride or chloroform, and the active hydrogen reactants (B) are preferably applied in solution in water. The reactants (A) and (B) may be applied in either order preferably with drying between the two applications or simultaneously by forming an emulsion of one phase within the other.  The reactants may be applied by means of a padder, jug, slashing equipment, sprays or brushes and the leather may be preheated to up to 100  DEG C. or cooled to -10  DEG C. After treatment the leather may be dried at 10-200  DEG C. for 2 minutes-8 hours and heated to 150-250  DEG C. The reactants may contain an alkali metal hydroxide or carbonate, ammonium hydroxide or excess amine to remove the hydrohalide formed during the reaction, and a dyestuff or pigment.ALSO:Fibrous materials, e.g. paper, leather, wood and fibres, yarns, threads, cords and woven or knitted fabrics made from cotton, wool, silk, viscose rayon, nylon, "Orlon" (Registered Trade Mark) or "Dacron" (Registered Trade Mark), are strengthened, lubricated, sized, stiffened, shrink-proofed, water-proofed, bonded together or rendered antistatic or antipilling, by treating them with a liquid medium comprising a reactant material (A) and another liquid medium comprising a reactant material (B), reactant materials (A) and (B) being capable of reacting together to form a condensation polymer and each liquid medium comprising a separate liquid phase immiscible with the other, and bringing about reaction between the reactive materials (A) and (B) to result in the formation of a condensation polymer in contact with the fibres, and then drying.  The reactant material (A) may be phosgene or a compound containing at least two acyl halide groups, e.g. a dicarboxylic acid halide, disulphonic acid halide, bis-carbamyl halide or bishaloformate, and reactant material (B) may be a compound containing at least two groups containing at least one active hydrogen atom more reactive than alcoholic hydrogen or alkali metal mercaptide or phenolate groups, e.g. compounds containing at least two amido, amino, amidino, thiol or phenolate groups, numerous examples of reactants (A) and (B) being given.  Liquid reactants may be applied undiluted but the acyl halide reactants (A) are preferably applied in solution in non polar waterimmiscible solvents, e.g. benzene, toluene, xylene, cyclohexane, trichlorethylene, chlorobenzene, nitrobenzene, heptane, iso-octane, diethylether, ethyl acetate, methyl amyl ketone, ethylene dichloride, carbon tetrachloride or chloroform, and the active hydrogen reactants (B) in solution in water.  The reactants (A) and (B) may be applied in either order preferably with drying between the two applications or simultaneously by forming an emulsion of one phase within the other. The reactants may be applied by means of a padder, jig, slashing equipment, sprays or brushes and the fibrous material may be preheated to up to 100 DEG C or cooled to -10 DEG C.  After treatment the fibrous materials may be dried at 10 DEG C-200 DEG C for 2 minutes-8 hours and heated to 150 DEG -250 DEG C.  The reactants may contain an alkali metal hydroxide or carbonate, ammonium hydroxide or excess amine to remove the hydrohalide formed during the reaction, and a dyestuff or pigment.  Fibres may be bonded to make paper or unified backing layers for pressure sensitive tapes.  The process may also be applied to the back coating of pile fabrics and for coating the tips of the tufts of pile fabrics to reduce their tendency to collect dirt.  Cotton and viscose rayon fabrics may be pretreated with formaldehyde to improve their wash and wear properties.ALSO:Fibrous materials, e.g. paper, leather, wood, and woven or knitted fabrics made from cotton, wool, silk, viscose rayon, nylon, "Orlon" (Registered Trade Mark), or "Dacron" (Registered Trade Mark), are coated with a liquid medium comprising a reactant material (A) and another liquid medium comprising a reactant material (B), reactant materials (A) and (B) being capable of reacting together to form a condensation polymer and each liquid medium comprising a separate liquid phase immiscible with the other, and bringing about reaction between the reactive materials (A) and (B) to result in the formation of a condensation polymer in contact with the fibrous materials, and then drying.  The reactant material (A) may be phosgene or a compound containing at least two acyl halide groups, e.g. a dicarboxylic acid halide, disulphonic acid halide, bis-carbamyl halide or bishaloformate, and reactant material (B) may be a compound containing at least two groups containing at least one active hydrogen atom more reactive than alcoholic hydrogen or alkali metal mercaptide or phenolate groups, e.g. compounds containing at least two amido, amino, amidino, thiol or phenolate groups, numerous examples of reactants (A) and (B) being given. Liquid reactants may be applied undiluted but the acyl halide reactants (A) are preferably applied in solution in non polar water immiscible solvents, e.g. benzene, toluene, xylene, cyclohexane, trichlorethylene, chlorobenzene, nitrobenzene, heptane, isooctane, diethylether, ethyl acetate, methyl amyl ketone, ethylene dichloride, carbon tetrachloride or chloroform, and the active hydrogen reactants (B) in solution in water.  The reactants (A) and (B) may be applied in either order preferably with drying between the two applications or simultaneously by forming an emulsion of one phase within the other. The reactants may be applied by means of a padder, jig, slashing equipment, sprays or brushes and the fibrous material may be preheated to up to 100  DEG C. or cooled to -10  DEG C.  After treatment the fibrous materials may be dried at 10-200  DEG C. for 2 minutes-8 hours and heated to 150-250  DEG C.  The reactants may contain an alkali metal hydroxide or carbonate, ammonium hydroxide or excess amine to remove the hydrohalide formed during the reaction and a dyestuff or pigment.  The process may also be applied to the back coating of pile fabrics and for coating the tips of the tufts of pile fabrics to reduce their tendency to collect dirt.