baber/WOPTO huggingface dataset:
Patent GB-857651-A (GB)
Title: Polyfluoro-1,3-dithietanes and methods for preparing them
IPC: C07D339/00
Filed: 1958-06-12
Abstract: Tetrafluoro-1,3-dithietane and monochlorotrifluoro-1,3-dithietane are prepared by fluorinating tetrachloro-1,3-dithietane (thiophosgene dimer).  Fluorination is effected by antimony trifluoride, preferably in stoichiometric excess, in tetramethylene sulphone solvent at between 90 DEG  and 200 DEG C. at any pressure conditions, or by HF in the presence of antimony trifluoride, or phosphorus pentafluoride, in excess HF as solvent.  The tetrafluoro- and monochlorotrifluoro-compounds are separated by distillation, and the tetrafluoro-compound may be purified by agitation with a mixture of aqueous NaOH and H2O2, drying the organic layer, and distilling. Specification 857,650 also is referred to.
Patent GB-892974-A (GB)
Title: Improvements in or relating to apparatus for measuring the the quotient of two resistances
IPC: G01R27/12
Filed: 1958-05-19
Abstract: 892,974. Resistance measurement; determinining the conductivity of a fluid. PHILIPS ELECTRICAL INDUSTRIES Ltd. May 19, 1958 [May 22, 1957; Feb. 19, 1958], No. 16007/58. Class 37. In an arrangement for determining the quotient of two resistances 1/K1, 1/K2, where K1 is the conductivity of a fluid under test, and K2 is the conductivity of a standard fluid in a reference cell, the first is connected in series with a source of alternating voltage, from transformer T1, to the input terminals of an amplifier V1 provided with negative feed-back, the output of the amplifier being measured, and the second is connected in series with an impedance across which the output voltage or a voltage proportional thereto is set up in a negative feed-back circuit connected to the input terminals of the amplifier. The secondary winding 7 of transformer T2 provides the feed-back path impedance and the measurement is indicated in an instrument 11 connected via a second amplifier V2 to a further winding 10 on the transformer T2. The reference cell may be exchangeable for range changing purposes, and where the fluid being tested is a flowing fluid in a pipe, the reference cell may be inserted in the pipe behind the measuring electrodes in the direction of flow to provide temperature compensation. In an alternative circuit described with reference to Fig. 4 a centre tap on secondary 3 of transformer T1 is earthed, and negative feed-back is provided by a transformer T2, the output being taken from terminals 14. Double screened transformers T1, T2, which were essential to remove capacitative induction from the circuit of Fig. 1, are unnecessary in this later arrangement. In a further modification described with reference to Fig. 5 (not shown), the reference cell is connected to a tapping on the secondary winding 13 of the transformer T2. The arrangement is said to be suitable for conductometric titration where the conductivities are substantially equal, and the proportions of the tapped winding are given.
Patent GB-425081-A (GB)
Title: Improvements in or relating to shaving soap tablets
IPC: C11D17/04
Filed: 1934-05-29
Abstract: <PICT:0425081/III/1> <PICT:0425081/III/2> Shaving soap or paste blocks b with or without wrapping c, are formed with a cavity a adapted to aid the making of and to retain the lather d. Advertisements or objects e, f may be placed in the cavity, and a cover h may be provided.  Reference has been directed by the Comptroller to Specifications 22205/94, 7935/98, 106,085, and 268,561, [all in Class 91].
Patent GB-1352743-A (GB)
Title: Apparatus for oxygen determination
IPC: G01N27/416
Filed: 1971-05-20
Abstract: 1352743 Electro-chemical analysis UNITED STATES STEEL CORP 20 May 1971 [21 May 1970] 16105/71 Addition to 1255417 Heading G1N In a solid electrolyte probe as described in the Parent Specification 1255417 the reference electrode is a mixture of Cr2O3 with chromium and an alloy of chromium and a metal having an oxide less stable than Cr2O3 and solid at the electrode working temperature. The preferred alloy is of the group consisting of > 10% manganese; > 10% iron and > 5% nickel.
Patent GB-593076-A (GB)
Title: Improved pneumatic percussive drill
IPC: E21B1/38
Filed: 1944-08-24
Abstract: 593,076. Percussive tools. DONNELLY, F. Aug. 24, 1944, No. 16111. [Class 124] In a pneumatic percussive tool the back stroke of the piston 18 is cushioned by means of a bufferplate 14 and a spiral spring 15, whilst on the forward stroke a recess 23 in the forward side of the piston engages a rubber ring 22 carried by the recoil collar 6. The handle 17 may be gripped by hand and is also curved to fit the user's shoulder and provided with a rubber shock-absorbing pad 19. Compressed air is supplied by a valve case 1 which is screwed on to the cylinder 3 and locked thereto by a spring- pressed pin. Cleaning air is supplied to a bore 24 in the piston-rod 5 by means of a passage 25 which opens close to the piston head 18. The drill is retained in position by means of a semicircular head 35 on one end of a rod 29, the other end of which is rounded to swivel in a hole 28 in a lug 26 on the front cover 7. In the releasing position, the rod 29 rests on a split pin 31 carried by the jaws of a second lug 27, and it is surrounded by a spring 32 which engages two shoulders on a squared portion 34 of the rod and, in the retaining position, presses them into a notch in the head 35. The drill bit may have tapered sides 40, two side points 39 and a middle lead 38, or four sides or points 41 and a hollow centre 42.
Patent GB-333941-A (GB)
Title: Process for the manufacture of condensation products from aliphatic aldehydes and bases of the naphthalene series
Filed: 1929-05-24
Abstract: 333,941. Carpmael, A., (I. G. Farbenindustrie Akt.-Ges.). May 24, 1929. Aldehyde-amine condensation products. - Products having anti-oxidant properties are prepared by condensing alpha-naphthylamine or a substitution product thereof with an aliphatic aldehyde in the presence of an acid and a water-soluble alcohol, and decomposing the insoluble product obtained with water. At least one mol. of aldehyde is preferably used for each mol. of base. In one example, a solution of alpha-naphthylamine in ethyl alcohol acidified with formic acid is boiled under reflux with commercial aldol containing about 55 per cent of aldol and 45 per cent of actaldehyde; the alcohol is withdrawn from the insoluble product, which is then boiled with water; the final product can be finely ground and is readily soluble in acetic ester, benzene, ether, acetone, and glacial acetic acid, but difficultly soluble in alcohol, petroleum ether, and water. In other examples, products are prepared similarly from alpha-naphthylamine and pure aldol in methyl or isopropyl alcohol, from alpha - naphthylamine and acetaldehyde in ethyl alcohol, from alpha-naphthylamine and crotonaldehyde in ethyl alcohol, and from 1 : 5- or 1 : 8-naphthylenediamine and commercial aldol in ethyl alcohol; in each example the mixture is acidified with formic acid.
Patent GB-581101-A (GB)
Title: Improvements relating to hair waving apparatus
IPC: A45D4/12
Filed: 1944-08-24
Abstract: 581,101. Iron-heating stoves; electric heating. TAYLOR, A. H. Aug. 24, 1944, No. 16124. [Classes 39 (iii) and 126] [Also in Group XIV] A heater for tubular hair-setting devices for use in permanent waving comprises an oven with removable lid 9 and a number of pegs 8 upstanding from the laminated floor 6 in which there is an electric resistance heating element the surrounding wall 7 of the oven being notched at 12 to receive the stems 19 of hammer-shaped setting devices (Group XIV) whose tubular heads 18 are placed on the pegs. Two or more ovens are arranged one above the other on the central hollow post 3 rising from the base 1 the upper one being additionally supported by the rods 3a. Spring tongues 11 hold the lid 9 when it is slid up to its raised position. In modifications the heating element 13 which is connected to an off-and-on switch 14, a selecting switch 17, a pilot light 16 and a thermostatic control 15 may extend into the pegs 8 or may be confined to the pegs, or if the pegs are in two portions one attached to the floor and one to the lid, there is a heating element in the lid.
Patent GB-1079863-A (GB)
Title: Process for the production of hydrogen-containing gases and a catalyst for use in carrying out such process
IPC: C10K3/02
Filed: 1966-05-27
Abstract: Hydrogen containing gas is made by catalytically enacting petroleum hydrocarbons and steam at elevated pressure using externally heated tubes filled with catalyst having the following characteristics: Ni, 30 to 45%, MgO less than 1%, alkali metal oxides less than 0.5%, Al2O3 more than 40%; CaO, 5 to 8%, surface area more than 20 m2/gm., the process being effected with catalyst ratings of up to 2 Kg. hydrocarbons per like catalyst per hour, whereby a gas is produced, the CH4 content of which is adjustable between less than 1 vol. per cent and 55 vol. per cent solely by varying the hydrocarbon vapour/steam ratio and the outlet temperature of the gas, both as a function of the pressure used.  In Example 2 a gas containing 0.8% CH4 and 71.5% H2 is produced; in Example 3 a gas having a calorific value of 4650 Kcal Nm3 containing 33.2% CH4 and 41.2% H2 is produced. In Example 4 a gas is produced which after subjection to a CO2 wash and CO methanization yields a product with a calorific value of 8050 Kcal/Nm3.ALSO:Cracking catalysts comprise 30-45% mi, less than 1% MgO, less than 0.5% alkali metal oxides, more than 40% Al2O3, 5-8% CaO, the catalyst having a surface area of more than 20m2/gm.
Patent GB-1028226-A (GB)
Title: Improvements in or relating to vitamin a derivatives
IPC: C07C69/74
Filed: 1963-04-24
Abstract: The invention comprises the vitamin A acid ester of vitamin A The ester may be obtained by reacting vitamin A with vitamin A acid in the presence of a dehydrating agent, e.g. dicyclohexylcarbodiimid by reacting vitamin A with vitamin A acid anhydride or acid halide in the presence of a base; by reacting vitamin A acid halide with a metal alcoholate of vitamin A; or by ester interchange by reacting an ester of vitamin A acid with vitamin A or an ester of vitamin A, in the presence of a catalyst. In examples vitamin A acid ester of vitamin A is obtained by reacting vitamin A acid methyl ester with vitamin A acetate and with vitamin A alcohol, in the presence of sodium methylate.  Vitamin A acid ester of vitamin A may be used in pharmaceutical preparations with conventional liquid or solid carrier materials, with or without other vitamins.
Patent GB-278412-A (GB)
Title: Improvements in or relating to incubators
IPC: A01K41/06
Filed: 1926-06-29
Abstract: 278,412. Godfrey, E. L., and Wrentmore, G. W. June 29, 1926. Hatching-appliances. - The front and the rear sides of the egg-tray of an incubator are formed with ledges between which and struts extending across the tray removable auxiliary portions c of the tray bottom are fitted. The main portion d of the bottom is displaceable on and relatively to the side portions by a lever mechanism for the purpose of turning the eggs which are confined against displacement by a skeleton frame n. The auxiliary portions of the bottom may be removed to permit chickens to pass into the compartment below the egg-tray or may be arranged to prevent eggs falling through the opening. The sections of the tray bottom are made of perforated sheet zinc or other metal, wire gauze or the like and the whole bottom is preferably curved to ensure equal heat distribution, being provided with stiffening strips or unperforated portions to maintain the curvature. The egg-locating frame, which is also curved and maintained in shape by struts s from straight transverse members r, comprises an assembly of oval-shaped frames made from wire or strip metal and is detachably secured in position by turn-button or similar fastenings. To turn the eggs a lever housing e is fulcrummed on a fixed pivot f mounted on a bar g crossing the frame. The housing e transmits movement through a pin-and-slot i to a lever j pivoted at k to the bar g. The lever is slotted at l to engage a pin l<1> secured to the movable portion of the tray bottom the movement of which is guided by a slot p and pin o. A lever h is adjustably and removably fitted in the housing e. The housing e may be connected by a pinion and rack or worm and worm wheel to a sliding handle or rod actuated by pushing or pulling. The movable section may be displaced by a hooked. piece of wire inserted from the outside of the incubator or by means of a chain or cable. The section may be displaced periodically by a clockwork mechanism or by an electric motor.
Patent GB-383298-A (GB)
Title: Improvements in or relating to methods of eliminating radio interference caused by electric high tension lines
IPC: H01B17/50
Filed: 1931-06-04
Abstract: 383,298. Insulators. HERMSDORFSCHOMBURG-ISOLATOREN GES., Herms. dorf, Thuringia, Germany. June 4, 1931, No. 16331. Convention date, June 5, 1930. [Class 36.] To avoid radio interference, high-tension wires are supported on insulators which are provided with a protecting ring of semiconductive material. In the construction of Fig. 1, a pin 3 is fitted in a spring-ring insulator with a metal casting 5 which is in contact with a silicon ring R. The cap insulator shown in Fig. 2 is formed with a further protective ring R<1> at the cap edge. Similar rings may be placed on the conductor grooves in pin-type insulators, or at the edges of the rim flanges of spreader insulators. Fig. 7 shows a lead-in type insulator with protective rings R<3>. Specifications 314,808, [Class 36, Electricity, Conducting &c.], and 348,476 are referred to.
Patent GB-120438-A (GB)
Title: Improvements in and relating to Jigs for use in Drilling and Boring Operations.
Inventor: WALKER JAMES JOHN
IPC: B23B47/28
Filed: 1917-11-08
Abstract: 120,438. Walker, J. J., and Walker, J. H. P., (trading as Walker & Sons, J. W.). Nov. 8, 1917. Drilling.-Relates to jigs for use in boring holes from both ends in the bosses of aerial propellers &c. and consists in means for securing the jigplates td the central spindle and in means for locking in position the guide-bush for the drill. As shown in Fig. 1, a key a is attached to each plate, its inner end being arranged to fit into the key-way in the spindle passing through the central aperture e. The key is divided at f and the ends are separated by a screw g to grip the sides of the keyway which may be bevelled. In a modification, the ends of the key are pressed apart by a screwed plug g<1>, Fig. 3. The drill guide-bush 8 is adjusted and secured in the manner shown in Fig. 4. On the central spindle is fitted a block 2, through which passes a pair of rods 1 carrying the block 5 with the bushing 8, adjustable by a screw 9 in the manner shown, and a block 4 supporting a spring-pressed plug 14 which engages with an opening in the periphery of the jig-plate b. A modification is shown in Fig. 6 in which the central block is made in parts 2, 2a which can be secured by screws 18 at any desired angle to one another. Specification 106,308 is referred to
Patent GB-961697-A (GB)
Title: Improvements in or relating to furostene derivatives and the intermediates thereof and processes for making them
IPC: C07J75/00
Filed: 1961-12-19
Abstract: The invention comprises (1) 3b -hydroxy-5a , 22b -spirostan-16a -acetic acid and the methyl esters of this compound and the 3b -acetate thereof; (2) furostenes of the formula: <FORM:0961697/C1/1> wherein R and R111 are hydrogen atoms or acyl group of at most 10 carbon atoms and R11 is a hydrogen atom or an alkyl group of at most 10 carbon atoms; and (3) a process for the preparation of the above named compounds in which a 5, 6-dihydrokryptogenin-3, 26-diacylate is reacted with a haloacetic acid alkyl ester in the presence of zinc, the resulting addition product is hydrolysed with dilute acid to give a furostan of the general formula given above but containing no 20(22)-double bond, this furostan is treated with alkali and then mineral acid to give a compound as in (1) or a similarly acylate or alkyl ester, and this is heated with an acid anhydride in the presence of pyridine hydrochloride or a Lewis acid to give a furostene of the above general formula. The esters, free acids and free alcohols of this process may be interconverted by conventional procedures. Detailed examples are given.
Patent GB-167923-A (GB)
Title: Improvements in smokers' ash trays and the like
IPC: A24F19/00
Filed: 1920-06-18
Abstract: 167,923. Bradshaw, G. June 18, 1920. Ash-trays.-An ash-receptacle 1 is fitted with a detachable tray 2 and a hinged or detachable grating formed of deep. metal strips 6, 7 which conceal the ash and form a support for cigars and cigarettes.
Patent GB-1377756-A (GB)
Title: Ultrasonic dispersive filters
IPC: H03H9/44
Filed: 1972-03-06
Abstract: 1377756 Dispersive surface wave filter MARCONI CO Ltd 6 March 1972 [22 May 1971] 16516/71 Heading H3U To reduce ripples in the impulse frequency response of an ultrasonic dispersive filter using at least one interdigital transducer having progressive variation in finger spacing, the finger overlap is varied at the ends of the transducer, according to a cosine or (cosine)<SP>2</SP> law. A mixture of cosine and (cosine)<SP>2</SP> may be used if transducer spacing is intermediate Fraunhofer and Fresnel diffraction zones. The finger overlap in the central region of the transducer may be constant, or exhibit "Taylor weighting", Fig. 3 (not shown). The transducers may be mounted on a piezoelectric substrate of restricted width to provide a wave guiding effect, or there may be a layer of insulating, piezoelectric material, under or over the transducers, wherein the wave velocity is less than that in the substrate, which in this case need not be piezoelectric. The mark/ space ratio of the transducer fingers may be varied instead of finger overlap. The filter may be used as a pulse sweep generator. Both transducers may have weighted extensions at the ends, the extensions being of different lengths in the respective transducers. Method of manufacture.-The transducers are fabricated by electrochemical etching using a photo-resist, or fingers of equal length are formed, the variable overlap being achieved by spark erosion between an electrode and a metal needle passed over it, the other electrode of the transducer being connected to the needle.
Patent GB-440869-A (GB)
Title: Improvements in or relating to the indirect generating of superheated steam
IPC: F22B1/14
Filed: 1935-06-07
Abstract: 440,869. Direct-contact steam boilers. WITKOWITZER BERGBAU - UND EISENHUTTEN - GEWERKSCHAFT, Mahrisch- Ostrau, Czecho Slovakia, and BREDTSCHNEIDER, W., 9, Clausewitzstrasse, Charlottenburg, Berlin. June 7, 1935, No. 16565. Convention date, June 16, 1934. [Class 123 (ii)] In the method of generating superheated steam by pumping saturated steam from a drum 2, Fig. 1, passing it through a radiation superheater 3 and a convection superheater 4 and then returning it to the water space of the drum, as described in Specification 222,823, [Class 123 (ii)], the ratio u of the quantity of steam pumped through the circuit to the quantity of steam generated at a given pressure, by mutual adjustment of the superheating temperature and the preheating of the feedwater, is not allowed to fall below the value indicated by the curve A, Fig. 2, in which abscissae P represent boiler pressures in atmospheres. The ratio is increased in accordance with curves plotted to show percentage increase against creep stress of the material of the superheater, temperature of the feedwater and velocity of the steam circulation. To increase the permissible preheating, the temperature of the superheated steam entering the boiler may be decreased by mixing it with steam 'taken under the control of a valve 8 from a point in the circuit between the radiation superheater 3 and the convection superheater 4.
Patent GB-1472598-A (GB)
Title: Aquaculture method and arrangement
IPC: A01K61/00
Filed: 1974-04-16
Abstract: 1472598 Culture of fish and other aquatic species M P SWEENEY 16 April 1974 [16 April 1973] 16583/74 Heading A1A Carnivorous aquatic non-air breathing species are reared within a body of water which contains aquatic non-air breathing species as a feed for the carnivorous species, and phytoplankton as a feed for the aquatic non-air breathing species. The plankton feed on excreta from the other species. An upwelling movement of water from a bottom zone to an upper phytoplankton containing zone is effected by causing water to be introduced into the bottom zone such that phytoplankton and their nutrients are recirculated. Additional nutrients may be added. In the embodiment shown the body of water 10 receives (a) sea water via forebay 38 and a downflow chimney 24 and (b) fresh water from bay 34 (which may be used as an initial breeding ground for the species) via upflow chimney 26. An adjustable, narrow bore outlet 58 feeds to the forebay 38 via a filter box. The forebay has an overflow outlet 82 and a tidal inlet 52. The supply of water to the body 10 causes circulation as shown and the establishment of different salinity layers. A fresh water upper layer 112 may be established during colder months to act as a thermal barrier, and may be controlled by overflow 120. Layers 18, 20 may be completely changed every 2 days-2 months. Other embodiments show the body of water established within a natural atoll with circulation being maintained purely by tidal flow, or with the aid of pumps and extra chimneys one of which communicates with the fresh water layer.  Many species are described.
Patent GB-900546-A (GB)
Title: Electromagnetic friction device
IPC: F16D27/112
Filed: 1959-05-14
Abstract: 900,546. Friction clutches. BORG-WARNER CORPORATION. May 14, 1959 [June 27, 1958], No. 16632/59. Class 80 (2). An electromagnetic clutch comprises a stationary coil D within a rotor B having polepieces 26, 42 with radial flanges 30, 44 maintained in radial spaced relation by circumferentially - spaced connectors 46 of impermeable material such as stainless steel. The polepieces are fast with a driven shaft 40, and a driving armature A having a friction facing 20 is slidable on a splined mounting adaptor 14 of impermeable material into engagement with the rotor B when the coil is energized. The clutch is disengaged by springs 74 bearing against hollow spring pins 80 having frictional engagement in openings 82 in the armature A. As wear occurs on the friction surfaces complete engagement of the armature with the rotor is assured since the magnetic force exceeds the frictional force of the pins 80 in the openings 82, and the pins 80 are thus always moved when the springs 74 abut stops 72. Cooling.-To shield the coil D from the heat generated at the friction faces an annular sheet of aluminium foil 68 and a sheet of asbestos 70 are secured to the inner face of the coil. The coil is mounted on a stator C, and for cooling purposes compressed air is supplied through a fitting 92 to an annular groove 98 in the stator. A coil casing 62 is formed with radial grooves 100 to distribute the cooling air, which, when the clutch is disengaged, escapes through the gaps between the connectors 46 and a gap 45 between the polepieces; and when the clutch is engaged escapes through passages 102, 104.
Patent GB-246437-A (GB)
Title: Improvements in self-starting asynchronous motors
IPC: H02K17/30
Filed: 1925-06-29
Abstract: 246,437. Bayerische Elektricitõts Werke. Jan. 24, 1925, [Convention date]. Addition to 240,410. Alternating-current motors.-In an induction motor having two secondary windings as described in the parent Specification, the reactance of the low-resistance winding is increased at starting by means of magnetic segments in contact with the short-circuiting rings, which segments are raised by centrifugal force when the motor is running. The bars B, Fig. 1, connected to end-rings K<1> form the high-resistance starting winding, and the bars A with the end-rings K form the low-resistance running winding. The low-resistance end rings are surrounded by fixed magnetic parts e and magnetic parts D which move outward under centrifugal force in opposition to springs f. The end-ring may be shaped as shown in Fig. 5, and iron pieces z may be inserted in slits S.