Patent GB-960897-A (GB)
Title: Apparatus and process for welding butt joints
IPC: B23K9/028
Filed: 1961-09-27
Abstract: 960,897. Welding by fusion; milling; grinding. ESSO RESEARCH & ENGINEERING CO. Sept. 27, 1961 [Oct. 5, 1960], No. 34644/61. Headings B3D, B3R, B3R and B3T. In a method of butt welding joints between adjacent metal parts, a cutting device is moved along a track detachably secured on one of the parts parallel to the joint to cut a kerf of predetermined width between the parts and a welding device is moved along the same or a similar track to deposit filler metal in the kerf to effect a weld. Flat plates, pipes and horizontal or vertical joints on upright cylindrical tanks may be so welded. Pipes P1, P2 to be welded are butted and aligned by an expanding internal clamp 13. A light metal track consisting of two parts 15, 17 held together by clips 21 is secured to one of the pipes by an inflatable hose 45 and/or by cam members 51 pivotally mounted on one or both sides of the track. One or more welding or cutting carriages 130, 70 respectively are removably attachable to the track. Each carriage has guide wheels 93, 103 engaging flanges 37, 41 on the track and rollers 111 running on the base 27 of the track. The guide wheels 103 are retractable to permit removal of the carriages from the track. A motor on the carriage drives a pinion or worm 117 engaging a rack or slotted annulus 61 on the track. The cutter is a circular abrasive disc 77 or milling cutter mounted on a pivoted arm 76 which is moved against spring action by say a solenoid to swing the disc 77 from an inoperative to a cutting position. An air or electric motor 85 on the carriage 70 drives the disc 77 by a belt or chain. The carriage 130 of the welding device supports a reel 164 from which wire W is fed by rolls 162 to a contact and guide 160 pivotally mounted on a plate 175 slidably mounted on the carriage 130. The plate 175 is spring urged towards the pipe and carries a wheel 186 running on the pipe and maintaining the correct spacing between the guide 160 and the pipe. A feeler 238 guides the welding head along the gap. In a modification (Fig. 7, not shown), the welding and cutting devices are mounted on a single carriage. In a further modification, Fig. 11, the track is constituted by a tensioned belt 421 spaced from the pipe by studs 422. Each carriage has knurled rollers 426, 427 gripping the edges of the belt 421 and driven by a motor. The rollers 427 may be swung clear of the belt 421 to release the carriage. An alternate form of track consists of a tensioned band 400, Fig. 9, having edges co-operating with the guide wheels 362, 363 of the carriage and a gear rack 365 on its upper surface. Two tracks may be used on opposite sides of the joint and each may carry one or more carriages or one carriage may bridge two tracks. The joint is preferably cut and welded in sections. The sequence of operations may be automatically controlled by control devices on the track, as the carriages move around the pipe. The track may be held in place electromagnetically. The track may have slip rings for supplying current to a carriage. The kerf may be bevelled. Specification 945,497 is referred to.