Patent GB-190510021-A (GB)
Title: Method of and Machinery for Producing Motive Power.
Inventor: TELLIER CHARLES
Filed: 1905-05-12
Granted: 1906-02-15
Abstract: 10,021. Tellier, C. May 12. Combined steam and hot-air engines; pumping-engines.- Air is compressed isothermally, then heated by the combustion of solid fuel, and afterwards conveyed, together with steam generated in a coil of pipe in the combustion chamber, to the motor cylinder. A mechanical stoker for, and automatic means for regulating the temperature of, the furnace are described. The motor cylinder a, Fig. 1, which has a pair of cam-actuated inlet and exhaust valves a teach end to reduce the clearance spaces, drives the cross-head t, which is connected by twin connecting-rods v to a piece x which connects the piston-rods y, z of the air-pump b and water pump c respectively. A flywheel, shown in dotted lines, is fixed to the motor shaft 1, which may also have fixed to it pulleys or other transmission devices. The compression pump b has two chambers o, p filled with perforated metal plates 2 spaced from 3 to 4 mm. apart. The pump is double-acting, air and water being drawn in on both sides of the piston s and discharged through the pipe 9. A detailed de- Ecription of the valves &c. is given in the Specification. The water can be separated from the air by any known means, and being under pressure can be utilized in a small motor cylinder to drive the crank-shaft. The air, after separation, pursues the following course:-From the pipe 10 it impinges on to a deflecting- plate 13 and is distributed over the heating-space 12, in which open the ends of heating-tubes 14. It passes down the tubes 14 and rises in the annular spaces between the tubes 14, 15, the latter being heated externally, to the tops of the tubes 15, whence it passes into a second annular space 16 and then through channels 17 to the upper chamber 18. From this space it passes down the tubes 19 and rises in the annular spaces between the tubes 19, 20, the latter being heated externally, to the chamber 21, and is then led by the opening 22 and pipe 23 to the admission valve 24 of the motor cylinder. The exhaust pipe of this cylinder has,. preferably, a portion of its length made of caoutchouc, or other elastic material, or a bag of caoutchouc cloth such as 76, Fig. 8, may-be fitted to the exhaust pipe to reduce the concussive action of the exhaust air. This exhaust is conveyed to branches 29 of the exhaust pipe 28, from which it passes to the annular space 30 and passage 31 and then up through the furnace and space enclosed by the non- conducting wall 34 to the narrow space 37. From here it descends around the tubes e to the passage 38, then rises in the annular space 39 to the chimney 40, in which a counter-current apparatus to heat more fresh air may be arranged. The fuel for the furnace is contained in a chamber g which is filled through an opening covered by the plate 41, the feeding-piston 42 being at the same time drawn back by means of the screwed spindle 43. A locking-device 44 prevents the spindle from rotating and the feeding is mechanically performed by an arrangement of shafts, worms, and wormwheels 47 ... 53 driven by the motor shaft. The grate has fixed bars 54 and movable bars 55 combined with a cross-bar 56 sliding in guides 57 and having a projection 63 which is struck by a tappet 62 on a shaft 58 rotated by a chain-wheel 59 and chain 60. By this motion the cinders and clinkers are broken up and made to fall into the ash-pit 64, from which they are removed through the door 65. The steam-generating coil in the furnace is supplied with water by a pump 66 through a pipe 68. The steam passes through the pipe 70 and an external pipe to the space 18, mixes with the compressed air, and becomes superheated before entering the motor cylinder, wherein it performs work, becomes condensed, and gives up heat to the air, thus rendering the expansion of the latter practically isothermal. The pump c may be of any suitable construction and may be replaced by an air-compressing pump to raise water by compressed air. For starting purposes, water may be introduced by a cock 72, allowed to descend the heating- apparatus, become converted into steam, and pass to the motor cylinder. The starting-valve 24 is connected by a chain 75 to a valve 74 below the grate, so that when the former is opened the latter is closed. Any suitable form of speed regulator may be fitted either to the inlet pipe 23 or to the air-suction pipe of the compression pump. To prevent the temperature of the air in the heating- apparatus from rising too high, above, say, 550‹ C., the arrangement shown in Fig. 8 is employed. A closed tubular ring in the combustion chamber communicates by a pipe 99 with a glass vessel 100 containing liquid. When heated, the air expands and forces some liquid into a bucket 102 on one arm of a lever 104 upon the other arm of which is a counterweight 103, the amount of which is such that, when the maximum temperature of the furnace is reached, the lever tilts, closes the valve 105 which controls the air supply from the motor, and opens by means of a quadrant 108 a valve 107 which allows cold air to enter above the furnace and cool it. With a decrease in temperature, the liquid flows back into the vessel 100. The above method of regulation may be applied to the airinlet valve 74, Fig. 1.