baber/WOPTO huggingface dataset:
Patent GB-973227-A (GB)
Title: Improvements in sheet stacking apparatus
Inventor: BYRT GRAHAM ARCHIE BRUCE
IPC: B65H29/00
Filed: 1962-01-26
Abstract: 973,227. Delivering sheets. THRISSELL ENGINEERING CO. Ltd., and G.A. B. BYRT. Jan. 24, 1963 [Jan. 26, 1962], No. 3098/62. Heading B6H. A web 1 is cut into sheets by a rotary cutter 2 and the sheets are passed between feed rollers to a suction roller 15 which carry them towards a stacker 22. Endless belts 18 running in grooves in the roller 15 strip the sheets from the roller and stack them in a pile in a receiver comprising a fixed plate and a pivoted fence 22A which is lifted manually or automatically to allow removal of the pile. The pile is arranged to present a converging entry for the sheets between itself and the roller. Suction is applied to the roller from two sources, that from a first source being effective to pick up the sheets and retain them over a small arc, and that from a second source being effective to hold the sheets over a large arc overlapping the small arc and extending to the stripping position. When suction from the first source is cut off, the sheets pass to a second suction roller 27 whence they are stripped by a plate 29A having a curved end 29B within the roller periphery and delivered to a stacker 29, the base plate 30 of which moves downwards in guides 31, the movement being cushioned by an air cylinder 32 with a bleeder valve. For delivering sheets in counted batches, suction from the first source is cut off and renewed under the control of a slowly rotating valve plate operated by a ratchet wheel actuated by a cam rotated through worm gearing from the shaft of the roller 15. The fence 22A is raised by an air cylinder 62 controlled by the or a similar ratchet wheel, being raised shortly after the pile 29 has started to form, and lowered shortly before the pile 29 is complete.
Patent GB-344828-A (GB)
Title: The manufacture of derivatives of sulphonated fatty acids
IPC: C11C3/00
Filed: 1929-09-02
Abstract: Esters of sulphonated unsaturated fats and oils are obtained by treatment of the latter with a monohydric alcohol and sulphonation, in either sequence.  An esterification catalyst e.g. an acid or an acid-salt may be used in the esterification step. In examples: (1) castor oil is re-esterified by heating with butyl alcohol in the presence of gaseous hydrochloric acid and is sulphonated with concentrated sulphuric acid: (2) castor oil is sulphonated in the presence of ether, by means of chlor-sulphonic acid and is then treated with iso-propylalcohol, the sulphuric ester of dihydroxystearic acid esterified in the carboxy group being the principal product.  Specifications 298,559, 313,160, and 315,832, [all in Class 2 (iii), Dyes &c.], are referred to.  Reference has been directed by the Comptroller to Specification 313,966, [Class 2 (iii), Dyes &c.].
Patent GB-1461873-A (GB)
Title: Carrier particles for electristatographic developer material
IPC: G03G9/10
Filed: 1974-01-23
Abstract: 1461873 Carrier particles for electrostatic developer XEROX CORP 23 Jan 1974 [29 Jan 1973] 03141/74 Heading G2H Carrier particles for an electrostatic developer comprises dispersed particles of a magnetic ceramic material, such as nickel-zinc ferrite, in a matrix comprising at least one of a rubber, a polyvinyl acetate, a polyvinyl chloride, a polymethyl methacrylate, a styrene-butadiene ABA block copolymer or a polytetrafluorethylene. The particles may have an average diameter in the range from 50 to 1000 microns.
Patent GB-953493-A (GB)
Title: Improvements in and relating to the production of fibrous graphite
IPC: H01K1/06
Filed: 1962-01-26
Abstract: In a process for producing fibrous graphite from natural or regenerated cellulosic material, as in the parent Specification, the material is dried at 100-150 DEG  C. for at least 15 hours before a carbonization step, the dried material covered with a protective layer of coke, and the surface of the material is swept with a non-oxidizing and non-carbonaceous gas when the temperature reaches 700 DEG  C. and until complete graphtization has occurred.  In the parent Specification woven or unwoven fibres are heated at a rate of 10-100 DEG C. per hour up to 100 DEG C., at 10-50 DEG C. per hour between 100 DEG  and 300 DEG C., at 10-55 DEG C. per hour between 300 DEG  and 400 DEG  C., at 10-100 DEG  C. per hour between 400 DEG  and 900 DEG C., and at 1000-3000 DEG  C. per hour between 900 DEG  C. and graphitizing temperature.  The material remains in the same oven throughout the drying and carbonization steps.  In the example, the temperature is then raised at a rate of 5 DEG  C. per hour to 400 DEG C. and 60 DEG  C. per hour to 700 DEG  C. to carbonize the material, and nitrogen may be passed through the oven for additional protection against oxidation.  The material is then transferred to an electric furnace; here it is graphitized at about 2700 DEG  C. while a non-oxidizing and non-carbonaceous gas, e.g. N2, Ar or He continuously sweeps the surface of the material.
Patent GB-550311-A (GB)
Title: Improvements in and relating to current transformers
IPC: H01F38/18
Filed: 1942-03-11
Abstract: 550,311. Transformers. BRITISH THOMSON-HOUSTON CO., Ltd. March 11, 1942, No. 3222. Convention date, March 13, 1941. [Class 38 (ii)] In a cascade current transformer a condenser 25, 30 is connected in series with each of the secondary windings 14, 22, the condensers being dimensioned so that the capacitative reactance of each stage substantially equals the inductive reactance thereof at the operating frequency.
Patent GB-757982-A (GB)
Title: Improvements in or relating to heat exchange apparatus
IPC: F28F1/12
Filed: 1952-02-08
Abstract: 757,982. Tubular heat-exchangers. HUET, A. Feb. 8, 1952 [Feb. 9, 1951], No. 3356/52. Addition to 739,150. Class 64(3). The assembly of longitudinally finned heat exchange tubes described in the parent Specification is modified by providing each tube a with transverse fins d in addition to the longitudinal fins b, c, the contour of the transverse fins being such that, when assembled, the edges of the fins d of adjacent tubes are in contact thus providing substantially continuous partitions defining a plurality of channels for the external fluid flowing in a direction F perpendicular to the axes of the tubes. The shape of the transverse fins may be such that the said channels are undulate.
Patent GB-213228-A (GB)
Title: Improvements in and relating to the control of carburettors
IPC: F02D9/00
Filed: 1924-02-08
Abstract: 213,228. Barbarou, M. J. B. March 24, 1923, [Convention date]. Fluid-actuated valves.-The opening of a throttle valve of a carburettor is automatically modified or controlled according to the altitude at which the engine is working. The throttle valve 1 of the carburettor 2 is manually actuated through a rod 13 attached to a slotted link 11 suspended at 12, a rod 8, lever 6, link 5, and arm 4. The rod 8, attached at one end to lever 6, has at the other end a roller 9 capable of sliding in the link. The position which the rod 8 occupies, and therefore the throttle opening for a given movement of rod 13, is determined by connecting the rod through a link 14 to a diaphragm 15, preferably loaded by a spring 17, and subjected on one side 16 to air at ground level pressure and on the other side to the prevailing atmospheric pressure. More than one lever 6 may be provided to control more than one carburettor.
Patent GB-450416-A (GB)
Title: Process of producing hydrogen
IPC: C01B3/00
Filed: 1935-02-02
Abstract: In a process of producing hydrogen by treating carbon admixed with alkali or alkaline-earth metal salts with steam at a temperature of about 500 DEG  C., wood may be used as a raw material and in this case the upper part of the reaction vessel acts as a dry distillation chamber.  Using wood impregnated with up to 100 per cent by weight of alkali hydrates, a high yield of by-products, e.g. acetone, methyl alcohol, methyl-ethyl ketone, oils, &c. is obtained.ALSO:In the process of producing hydrogen by treating carbon mixed with an oxide, hydroxide or salt, particularly a carbonate, of the alkali metals, e.g. potassium, of the alkaline earth metals, e.g. barium or a mixture thereof or with other substances with steam at a temperature of about 500 DEG  C., the heat necessary to maintain the reaction is obtained by withdrawing a part of the gases from the upper part of the reaction chamber, heating them to about 550 DEG  C. by means of a superheater and introducing them into the lower part of the chamber. Vertical retorts are preferably used and the circulated gases are introduced about 1 metre above the point of entry of the superheated steam, which is led in at the bottom of the retort at about 550 DEG C.  The remainder of the products are removed at the top of the retort after preheating the carbon mixture, in the form of pieces or briquettes, to about 150 DEG  C. The residue of salts, e.g. potassium carbonate, is removed through a water seal at the bottom of the chamber.  Coke or charcoal is preferably used and is drenched with the hot alkaline solution so that at least 30 per cent by weight of potassium carbonate is taken up, or the carbon may be powdered, admixed with solid carbonate and then briquetted.  Raw materials, such as wood, brown coal or bituminous coal may also be used and in this case, the upper part of the reaction chamber acts as a dry distillation chamber, the carbonaceous residue reacting with the steam in the lower part.  Using wood as raw material, and impregnating it with up to 100 per cent by weight of alkali hydrates, a high yield of by-products, e.g. acetone, methyl alcohol, methyl-ethyl ketone, oils, &c. is obtained, and the distillation reaction may become exothermic, thus facilitating the subsequent reaction to produce hydrogen and carbon dioxide.
Patent GB-222028-A (GB)
Title: Improvements in urns and other vessels for domestic and like purposes
IPC: A47G19/12
Filed: 1924-02-09
Abstract: 222,028. Biggins, C. H. Feb. 9, 1924. Urns.-A tea-urn for counter use or the like standing on a hollow base a is attached thereto by means of a flange e on the body of the urn fitting into an inturned and downturned collar b on the base and secured thereto by means of studs, bolts, &c. g.
Patent GB-1130192-A (GB)
Title: Logic switching circuits
Inventor: MURPHY BERNARD THOMAS
IPC: H01L27/06
Filed: 1966-01-26
Abstract: 1,130,192. Transistor dogic Circuits. WESTERN ELECTRIC CO. Inc. 26 Jan., 1966 [1 Feb., 1965], No..2437/66. Heading H3T. A logic switching circuit comprises an input gate, an output transistor inverter 72, an intermediate stage comprising level shifting means (diodes 74, 75) and an emitter follower 81 providing amplification between the input and output stages during switching on and having its signal path in parallel with the level shifting means. A NAND circuit is shown in which the emitter follower current amplification enhances the switch-on speed. Clamping diode 85 inhibits saturation of transistor 72, hence speeding switch-off, and limits the current drawn by transistor 81. Clamping diode 83 limits the voltage excursion at output 73. Spurious voltages appearing at point 86 during the switched on condition pass to earth through the low impedance paths of resistor 78 and transistor 72, thus preventing false switching of the circuit. The emitter follower permits a low -value of resistor 78, which therefore rapidy conducts the charge stored in the base of transistor 72 to earth at switch-off, enhancing the speed thereof. In Fig. 5 (not shown) diodes 71, 75, 74, 85 are replaced by two multi-emitter transistors one of which has its base/collector junction short-circuited. In Fig. 6 (not shown) this circuit is integrated on a single silicon chip which is divided into three sections 101, 102, 103 interconnected and supported by relatively heavy conductors (" beam-leads ").
Patent GB-627895-A (GB)
Title: Improvements in and connected with machines for making concrete blocks, slabs and the like
IPC: B28B13/06
Filed: 1947-02-05
Abstract: 627,895. Moulding concrete blocks. C.W.T. INDUSTRIES, Ltd., and WILKENS, J. S. Feb. 5, 1947, No. 3449. [Class 87 (ii)] [Also in Group XXX] A hand operated machine for making concrete blocks &c. comprises a mould 1 with a side 3 which is slidable vertically to enable the opposite side 4 to move across the mould and eject the moulded block, the mechanism for operating the sides 3 and 4 being so situated and provided with actuating levers 12, 18 as to be under the control of an operator standing in one position by the machine. The mould is charged with concrete mixture from a hopper 29 through a charging box 30 which is open at the top and bottom but has a shutter at the top so arranged that, when the box is drawn from under the hopper and over the mould, the bottom of the hopper is closed. The box is moved to charge the mould by a handle 32 and the mixture is tamped by the pivoted tamping plate 23 with a handle 26, both handles being accessible to the operator without his moving. The moulded block, on the usual pallet, may be ejected on to a gravity conveyor 19 provided with ropes 22 to give a cushioning effect, whereby it may be carried through a steaming chamber to a drying site. The block may be moulded with a tongue or groove on opposite sides by providing the two fixed sides of the mould with a ridge and a groove and shaping the ejector side 4 according- ly. Vibration means may be fitted. The Provisional Specification mentions that the mechanisms actuating sides 3 and 4 may be coupled to be operated by a single hand lever, that the mixture may be fed to the mould by a conveyer and that interchangeable moulds of different sizes may be used.
Patent GB-482631-A (GB)
Title: Device for automatically controlling the speed of the driving engines of reciprocatory conveyor chutes in accordance with their load
IPC: B65G43/08
Filed: 1937-02-05
Abstract: 482,631. Fluid-pressure servomotorcontrol systems. OHNRICH, A. Feb. 5, 1937, No. 3461. Convention date, Feb. 8, 1936. Addition to 454,637. [Class 135] In an arrangement for automatically controlling the speed of the driving engines 2 of a reciprocatory conveyer shoot 163 according to the parent Specification the control pump 30 is connected to the reciprocating shoot by a lever 152 with a lost-motion connection. The lever 152 operatively engages at one end 154 with a member 161 attached to the shoot, and at the other end is pivotally connected to a bell-shaped member 150 which is keyed to the actuating shaft 46 of the control pump 30. The lever 152 has a certain amount of free movement between screws 153 in the bell 150. Thus under full-load conditions of the driving engine 2 when the speed is low and the stroke is comparatively short, the effective stroke of the pump 30 is small owing to the lost-motion connection and therefore the pressure produced for closing the control valve 19 of the engine is small, which valve therefore remains fully open under its spring load. When the load is relieved the stroke and speed of the engine tend to increase and there is a danger of the piston striking the cylinder head. Owing to the lost-motion connection, however, an increase in stroke of the engine 2 produces a much greater effective stroke of the pump 30 resulting in a correspondingly increased fluid pressure to close the control valve 19 to reduce the supply of driving medium to the engine and so limit the speed and stroke under these conditions. The Specification as open to inspection under Sect. 91 comprises also an arrangement in which the control pump is driven, with or without lost-motion, from the engine, and the pump pressure-chamber is provided with a relief valve actuated by a piston subjected to the pressure of the driving-medium acting on the engine piston so that on full-load the pressure is relieved to open, and on light-load built-up to close, the control valve. The control pump may also be driven directly by the pressure medium driving the engine and the mechanical connection from the engine omitted. This subject-matter does not appear in the Specification as accepted and forms the subject-matter of Specification 484,074.
Patent GB-556010-A (GB)
Title: Improvements in or relating to pipe joints or couplings
IPC: F16L17/10
Filed: 1942-07-09
Abstract: 556,010. Pipe joints. HAYES, C. W., and MITCHELL, R. J. July 9, 1942, No. 3488. [Class 99 (i)] [Also in Group XXVI] Sealing means for a pipe joint comprises a distensible tubular envelope of rubber &c. which is completely enclosed between the ends of the pipes to be joined, or between them and an enclosing collar or housing, so that the envelope, when distended, is in contact with substantially the whole of the surrounding parts. After being placed in position, the envelope is expanded by injection into it through a non-return valve of a liquid or semisolid substance, or a gas. The substance may be one that changes its state after injection, such as cement or a polymer derived from vinyl chloride. Fluid pressure may be supplied from the pipe system itself or from an independent source. The ring or envelope x, Fig. 1, may be accommodated in recesses in the ends of the pipes 10, 11, or a keeper-ring 12, Fig. 3, may be attached. The envelope may be surrounded by a two-part housing 14, Fig. 4, in which the non-return valve is located, the ends of the pipes 10, 11 being of wedge-form. The envelope may be cemented to the housing, and the pipe ends may be grooved or roughened. Two envelopes x, Fig. 8, may be separated by a projection 16a on the housing 16. Additional packing-rings 17, 18, Fig. 12, may be inserted after the envelope x has been positioned. The additional packing may include a wedge-ring 20, Fig. 13, of rubber &c. and a filling ring 21 of metal &c. which is retained by a spring ring 23 located in a groove.
Patent GB-207729-A (GB)
Title: Improvements in differential constructions for the driving axles of motor vehicles
IPC: F16H48/08
Filed: 1923-02-06
Abstract: 207,729. Imray, O. Y., (Timken Detroit Axle Co.). Feb. 6, 1923. Balance gearing for vehicles comprises a planetsupporting spider 32 the arm ends of which engage in bearing blocks 34 in slideways 37 in a ring 17. This inner ring 17 is castellated at 21 into an outer bronze or like gear ring 20. Thus the spider can slide laterally relatively to the gear ring and is driven directly thereby. The differential casing 12, which is thus relieved of stress, is in two parts of pressed steel held together by rivets 18. The side gears 29 of the differential are feathered on the axle parts 11 and are supported by spaced washers 38 riveted to flats 39 upon the casing 12. The planet pinions 33 are backed by flanged ends 35 upon the blocks 34, which have eccentric circular grooves 36, Fig. 4, for lubricating. Similar eccentric grooves are formed on the washers 38.
Patent GB-1280373-A (GB)
Title: Improvements in and relating to the separation of oil from an emulsion
Inventor: DAVIES ADRIAN JOHN
IPC: B01D17/02
Filed: 1970-01-26
Abstract: 1280373 Tall oil BRITISH OXYGEN CO Ltd 19 April 1971 [26 Jan 1970] 3754/70 Heading B1B [Also in Division C5] An aqueous emulsion containing tall oil, e.g. an emulsion obtained as distillate in the steam distillation of crude tall oil, is treated so that the emulsion is formed into an organic layer and an aqueous layer, and the latter is separated and evaporated to produce steam which contains organic components, but which is employed as a heat source or in steam distillation. At least 5% by weight, e.g. 50%, of the aqueous layer is evaporated; and this leaves a residual liquor which is free from odour and can readily be disposed of. The evaporation of the aqueous layer can be effected by countercurrent contact with steam, and the vapour so produced can be subsequently used as steam in a distillation column operated under reduced pressure. The emulsion may be formed into the two layers by adding a strong aqueous solution of calcium chloride or sodium chloride, or by adding an aqueous slurry of surface active clay, e.g. bentonite, followed by an aqueous solution of a polyelectrolyte.
Patent GB-569302-A (GB)
Title: Improvements in or relating to heating systems for aircraft
IPC: B64D13/08
Filed: 1942-07-01
Abstract: 569,302. Air heaters. STEVENS, A. H. (Galvin Manufacturing Corporation). July 1, 1942, No. 3756/44. Divided out of 569,274. Drawings to Specification. [Class 64 (i)] [Also in Groups X and XI] In a heating system for aircraft the air and fuel supplied to the combustion chamber and the volume of air passed in heat exchange relations with the combustion chamber are varied in accordance with the altitude of the aircraft. This may be effected by the operation of louvres on the air supply or discharge passages and a valve in the supply passage by evacuated metal diaphragms or bellows and by driving the fans by series wound motors having the characteristic of speeding up as the load decreases, or having bellows-operated voltage regulators. The means described are the same as those described in Specification 569,274,
Patent GB-268734-A (GB)
Title: Improved manufacture of artificial textile threads, fibres, filaments and the like
IPC: D01F2/10
Filed: 1927-02-10
Abstract: 268,734. Comptoir des Textiles Artificiels Soc. Anon., and Chavassieu, K. L. J. April 3, 1926, [Convention date]. Yarns, treating with liquids; fibres. roughening mechanically.-Viscose filaments having the dull and opaque appearance, feel and insulating properties of wool, are prepared from viscose by introducing into the filaments &c. during manufacture, by one or other of the following methods, a proportion of sulphur approximating to or greater than the proportion present in natural wool. There is added to the viscose, sodium thiosulphate and sodium sulphide in the proportion of one molecule of the former to two molecules of the latter; alternatively, the addition of these substances may be made to the coagulating bath; or as a further alternative, the alreadycoagulated filaments may be passed through a bath containing one molecular proportion of sodium thiosulphate and two molecular proportions of sodium sulphide and to which caustic soda may be added, and the treated filaments are subsequently passed through a dilute sulphuric acid bath. The last method is particularly applicable to the dull type of artificial filaments produced on drying without tension. The artificial filments produced as described above more closely resemble wool if to the viscose solution there is added albumenoids; such filaments may be dyed under the same conditions as natural wool. To impart to the filaments the rough feel of natural wool, there may be added to the viscose solution a silicate, aluminate, resinate, &c. The process is applicable to the manufacture of hollow filaments, in which case the viscose is emulsified with a gas, or contains a gas in solution, or a substance capable of evolving gas by thermic or chemical action. Specifications 20397/01; 162,759. 167,076, 240.717, and 242,242 [all in Class 2 (ii), Cellulose &c.]; 245,407, 249,588; and 250,219, [Class 2 (ii), Cellulose &c.], are referred to. The Specification as open to inspection under Sect. 91 (3) (a) refers to processes in which there may be added to or formed in the coagulating bath, sulphur in very finely dispersed condition; or there may be added to the viscose, substances which at the time of coagulation precipitate sulphur in finely dispensed condition; or according to a third method applicable to natural and artificial fibres in general, these are first treated with alkali sulphides or other salts rich in sulphur preferably in the presence of caustic soda or other substances that will cause the fibres to swell, and then with an acid bath in order to release the sulphur. This subject-matter does not appear in the Specification as accepted.