Patent GB-659395-A (GB)
Title: Manufacture of new three-phase emulsions of artificial resins
IPC: D06P1/44
Filed: 1948-12-01
Abstract: Three phase emulsions of artificial resins suitable for improving textiles are formed by incorporating a second internal oily phase consisting of a water immiscible organic liquid having a boiling point between 100 DEG  and 200 DEG  C., in a two-phase emulsion such as is described in Specification 645,023, wherein the external aqueous phase consists of a solution which contains in addition to at least one protein, urea, thiourea or a mixture thereof, and the internal oily phase consists of a solution in a water immiscible organic solvent of a water-insoluble hardenable condensate of formaldehyde with a substance of amide character capable of forming a hardenable aminoplast with formaldehyde and a water-immiscible alcohol.  Organic liquids forming the second internal oily phase may be extraction benzine or heavy benzine, lacquer benzine or "Sangajol" (Registered Trade Mark), which have no solvent action on carbamide resins of the urea series, and also benzene, chlorobenzene, toluene, xylene, solvent naphtha, dipentene, turpentine, trichlorethylene or "Tetralin" (Registered Trade Mark).  These liquids are preferably added gradually to the diluted two-phase emulsion.  Substances suitable for improving textile materials such as pigments, matting, emulsifying, antifoaming, softening or hardening agents or polymeric compounds may be added to the aqueous protein solution forming the external phase or to the artificial resin lacquer forming the primary disperse phase ligments specified in examples are titanium white, iron oxide, gas black, copper phthalocyanine, Indanthrene blue, and the reaction product of diazotized 2,5-dichloraniline with 2,3-oxynaphthoic acid-21-anisidide and that of diazotized 2-amino-5-chlorotoluene with 2,3-oxynaphthoic acid-41-chloro-21-methyl anisidide. Additional ingredients to the casein or gelatine of the aqueous phase may be borax, ammonium formate and carbonate, ammonia, sodium hydroxide, sulphonated castor oil, triethanolamine, ethylene glycol, glycerine and sodium lauryl sulphate.  Urea formaldehyde butanol, urea thiourea formaldehyde cyclohexanol and melamine resin etherified with butanol are specified. Specifications 544,157 and 597,390 are referred to.ALSO:Three-phase emulsions of artificial resins suitable for dyeing and improving textiles are formed by incorporating a second internal oily phase consisting of a water-immiscible organic liquid having a boiling point between 100 DEG  and 200 DEG  C. in a two-phase emulsion such as is described in Specification 645,023, wherein the external aqueous phase consists of a solution which contains in addition to at least one protein, urea, thiourea or a mixture thereof, and the internal oily phase consits of a solution in a water-immiscible organic solvent of a water-insoluble hardenable condensate of formaldehyde with a substance of amide character capable of forming a hardenable aminoplast with formaldehyde and a water-immiscible alcohol.  Organic liquids forming the second internal oily phase may be extraction-, lacquer-, or heavy benzine, or "Sangajol" (Registered Trade Mark), which have no solvent action on carbamide resins of the urea series, and also benzene, chlorobenzene, toluene, xylene, solvent naphtha, dipentene, turpentine, trichlorethylene or "Tetralin" (Registered Trade Mark). These liquids are preferably added gradually to the diluted two-phase emulsion. Substances suitable for improving textiles such as pigments, matting, emulsifying, anti-foaming, softening or hardening agents or polymeric compounds may be added to the aqueous protein solution forming the external phase or to the artificial resin lacquer forming the primary disperse phase.  Pigments specified are titanium white, iron oxide, gas black, copper phthalocyanine, Indanthrene blue, and the reaction product of diazotized 2,5-dichloraniline with 2,3-oxynaphthoic acid-21-anisidide and that of diazotized 2-amino-5-chlorotoluene with 2,3-oxynaphthoic acid - 41 - chloro - 21 - methyl anisidide.  Additional ingredients to the casein or gelatine of the aqueous phase may be borax, ammonium formate and carbonate, ammonia, sodium hydroxide, sulphonated castor oil, triethanolamine, ethylene glycol, glycerine and sodium lauryl sulphate.  Urea-formaldehyde-butanols, urea-thiourea-formaldehyde-cyclohexanol and melamine resin etherified with butanol are specified.  Specifications 544,157 and 597,390 are referred to.ALSO:Three-phase emulsions of artificial resins suitable for dyeing and improving textiles are formed by incorporating a second internal oily phase consisting of a water-immiscible organic liquid having a boiling-point between 100 DEG  and 200 DEG  C. in a two-phase emulsion such as described in Specification 645,023, wherein the external aqueous phase consists of a solution which contains in addition to one protein, urea, thiourea or a mixture thereof, and the internal oily phase consists of a solution in a water-immiscible organic solvent of a water-insoluble hardenable condensate of formaldehyde with a substance of amide character capable of forming a hardenable aminoplast with formaldehyde and a water-immiscible alcohol.  Organic liquids forming the second internal oily phase may be extraction benzine, heavy benzine, lacquer benzine or "Sangajol" (Registered Trade Mark) which have no solvent action on carbamide resins of the urea series, and also benzene, chlorobenzene, toluene, xylene, solvent naphtha, dipentene, turpentine, trichlorethylene or "Tetralin" (Registered Trade Mark). These liquids are preferably added gradually to the diluted two-phase emulsion.  Pigments, matting, emulsifying, antifoaming, softening or hardening agents or polymeric compounds may be added to the aqueous protein solution forming the external aqueous phase or to the artificial resin lacquer forming the primary disperse phase. Pigments specified in examples are titanium white, iron oxide, gas black, copper phthalocyanine, indanthrene blue, and the reaction product of diazotized 2,5-dichloraniline with 2,3-oxynaphthoic acid-21-anisidide and that of diazotized 2-amino-5-chlorotoluene with 2,3 - oxynaphthoic acid - 41 - chloro - 21 - methyl anisidide. Additional ingredients to the casein or gelatine of the aqueous phase may be borax, ammonium formate and carbonate, ammonia, sodium hydroxide, sulphonated castor oil, triethanolamine, ethylene glycol, glycerine and sodium lauryl sulphate.  Urea-formaldehyde butanol, urea-thiourea-formaldehyde cyclohexanol and melamine resin etherified with butanol are specified.  Specifications 544,157 and 597,390, [Group IV], are also referred to.