baber/WOPTO huggingface dataset:
Patent GB-486303-A (GB)
Title: Improvements in machines for the manufacture of sandwich biscuits
IPC: A21C15/02
Filed: 1936-12-01
Abstract: 486,303. Endless - chain conveyers. VICARS, Ltd., T. & T., and CROSLAND, E. M. Dec. 1, 1936, No. 32861. [Class 78 (i)] In machines, for the manufacture of sandwich biscuits, having conveying apparatus of the type comprising an endless conveyer chain some of the links of which are of bell-crankform with arms which may lie in the plane of the chain or at right-angles thereto, the arms of each bell-crank link are of different lengths, and there are two different lengths of shorter arms. The longer arms 6 of the bell-cranks normally hang down, but are turned up into the plane of the conveyer chain 1 at certain points of its travel, by means such as ramps 8 having curved ends 9. The cranks having the shorter small arm 5 are first turned up so that these arms remove biscuits 11 from the bottom of hoppers 12, the biscuits falling on the conveyer chain 1. Cream is then applied to the biscuits in known manner, and afterwards the cranks having the longer short arm are turned up to remove biscuits from more highly located hoppers, said biscuits falling on the cream layer of the first dropped biscuits. The arms 6 drop back by gravity on leaving the ramps 8, or positive means may be employed to effect this.
Patent GB-1271101-A (GB)
Title: Flexible sheet materials
Inventor: JONES THOMAS EMRYS OWEN
IPC: D04H1/48
Filed: 1968-07-10
Abstract: 1,271,101. Laminated flexible sheet materials. DUNLOP HOLDINGS Ltd. 16 July, 1969 [10 July, 1968], No. 32873/68. Heading B5N. A flexible sheet material is produced by assembling a layer of non-woven fibrous material on one surface of a sheet of cellular plastics material, needle-punching the fibrous layer so that fibres are pushed through to the opposite surface of the sheet of cellular plastics material, compressing the assembly under conditions such that the sheet of cellular plastics material remains in a compressed state when the pressure is removed and providing a further compressed sheet of cellular plastics material adhered to the opposite surface of the first sheet of cellular plastics material. The further sheet of cellular plastics material may be provided on the opposite surface of the first sheet of cellular plastics material after its attachment to the fibrous material by needle-punching and the whole assembly compressed under conditions such that the sheets of cellular plastics material remain in a compressed state when the pressure is removed. The layer of fibrous material may comprise staple and/or continuous fibres of polypropylene, nylon, poly(ethylene terephthalate), viscose rayon, cotton or wool, which may be crimped and may be consolidated by needlepunching and/or impregnation with a binder prior to needling to the cellular plastics material. The two sheets of cellular plastics material which may or may not have the same characteristics, e.g. they may have different compression moduli, may be closed- or open-cellular, recticular or reticulated, and may be made from polyurethane, natural or synthetic rubber, poly (vinyl chloride), polyethylene, polypropylene or polystyrene. At least one of the cellular sheets may contain an adhesive which becomes active under the conditions of compression, or may have fibres dispersed in it. The temperature of compression is preferably such that the cellular plastics material is softened without destroying the cellular structure and the opposite surfaces of the assembly may be at different temperatures during compression. Compression may be effected using a spaced mould in a press, a continuous belt press, a converging nip or a belt and drum apparatus. An additional sheet material, e.g. a woven nylon fabric or knitted, non-woven or Arachne fabric, or non-cellular plastics sheet of acrylic polymer, nylon or a polyurethane may be adhered to the assembly before, during or after the attachment or compression process, by means of an adhesive, e.g. a rubber latex, solvent or flame treatment or needling. The compressed assembly may be impregnated with a binder, e.g. a carboxylated acrylonitrile copolymer latex, or coated with a polyacrylate, nitrocellulose or polyurethane, and one or both surfaces may be embossed. The material may be used as a leather substitute in the production of shoe-uppers, shoe linings, upholstery, clothing and handbags.
Patent GB-1469359-A (GB)
Title: Manufacturing ball bearings
IPC: F16C33/64
Filed: 1975-08-06
Abstract: For the production of ball-bearing races of medium diameter, a steel rod is first of all heated to the deformation temperature, then cut into sections and forged to give a disc. This disc is formed in a pressing tool to give a cup (38) with concentric steps, the bottom (46) of the cup is removed and the two steps of the remaining hollow cylinder are separated from one another. <IMAGE>
Patent GB-1146670-A (GB)
Title: Timber connector plate
IPC: F16B15/00
Filed: 1965-08-02
Abstract: 1,146,670. Spiked plates. A. D. SCRIBNER. 14 July, 1966 [2 Aug., 1965], No. 33008/65. Heading F2H. [Also in Division B3] A plate for connecting wooden members, comprises teeth 12 projecting substantially at rightangles from one surface in clusters arranged on a base circle, each tooth having substantially parallel sides 13 and a pointed tip, and having a length greater than its width. Each tooth is also formed of arcuate cross-section with a finely burred tip, and a small reinforcing rib 20 at the base. The teeth may be curved away from the base circle, to drive in hooked paths, and may have barbed protuberances intermediate their lengths. Each cluster may include shorter teeth on a different base circle, Figs. 7 and 8, not shown. The clusters may be in staggered rows, which extend parallel to the edges of a rectangular plate.
Patent GB-657344-A (GB)
Title: Improvements in selecting and actuating mechanism for electric switches, valves and like control devices
IPC: G05G9/047
Filed: 1948-12-22
Abstract: 657,344. Retractive switches. WESTERN MANUFACTURING ESTATE, Ltd., and HAWKE, B. C. Dec. 22, 1948, No. 33021. [Class 38(v) ] The operating member 12 of a control device for aircraft trimming tabs, similar to that described in Specification 627,545, is movable in a cruciform gate 13 to operate any one of four switches 15a-15d and is also rotatable in either direction from its control position to close one or other of two further switches. The member 12 is connected by a universal joint 11 to a foot-member 10 carrying an insulating disc 16 having two diametrically opposed bridging contacts 17, 18, engageable, according to the direction of rotation, with fixed contacts 24a, 24b, 27a, 27b on an insulating disc 23, and is normally urged to the central " off " position by means of balls 31 cooperating with a cam disc 29 which is slidable on the member 10 and urged against the balls by a spring 30 seated on a collar 34 on member 12. Rotation of the member 12 when tilted into one of the slots of the gate 13 is prevented by the collar 34 approaching the disc 29, sliding movement of which as a result of rotation of member 12 is thereby prevented. The member 12 may also be of square section to prevent such rotation. The degree of rotation of disc 15 is limited by a stop on the disc 29 engageable with two of the supports 4. Each of the switches 15a, 15d has a spring plunger 39 carrying two pairs of contacts, such as 45a, 45b, arranged one behind the other, the contacts of each pair being interconnected through the plunger and adapted to bridge contacts such as 42a, 42b. A felt pad 35 pressed against the end plate 1 by a spring 37 and surrounding the member 12 prevents entry of dust through the gate 13. The knob 14 is provided with a representation of an aircraft.
Patent GB-282382-A (GB)
Title: Air filter
IPC: F02M35/024
Filed: 1927-12-07
Abstract: 282,382. Mirguet, L. H. Dec. 18, 1926, [Convention date]. Filtering. - A filter for air to be carburetted or admitted to internal combustion cylinders comprises a trumpet - shaped element a or pair of opposed elements at the widest part of which corrugated or pleated wool, hair, &c. is secured between a gauze support b and an open - work retaining cover d, the parts being detachably assembled by screws.
Patent GB-1006333-A (GB)
Title: Electrodeposition of nickel
IPC: C25D3/16
Filed: 1962-08-29
Abstract: An electrolyte for nickel plating comprising an aqueous acidic solution of a nickel salt, e.g. nickelous sulphate, chloride, sulphamate and/or fluoborate, also contains from 0.05 m.mole/1. to saturation of a water-soluble sulphur-free acetylenic compound and at least 0.01 g./1., preferably no more than 5 g./1., of formaldehyde, chloral and/or bromal; or the electrolyte contains from 0.05 m.mole/1. to saturation of an acetal reaction product of the above aldehyde e.g. anhydrous chloral with from 1/Z to 2 times an equimolar quantity of a hydroxy acetylenic compound e.g. propargyl alcohol, Z representing the number of OH groups therein. The electrolyte is preferably free of, but may contain, any organic sulpho-oxygen compound as brightener, e.g. unsaturated aliphatic, aromatic or heterocyclic sulphonic acids, aromatic sulphinic acids, or the alkali metal, ammonium, Mg or Ni salts thereof, or aromatic sulphonamides or sulphonimides. The acetylenic compound may be a -substituted or a ,a 1-disubstituted, many examples being given, wherein each a  may be a hydroxy, alkoxy, carboxy-substituted alkoxy, formoxy, alkanoxy, halogen or polyoxy group, e.g. 2-butyn-1,4-diol or 1,4-di-(b -hydroxy-ethoxy)-2-butyne. The electrolyte may also contain at least 0.5 g./1., preferably no more than 100 g./1., of a non-conjugated carboxylic acid having a pKa value of between 3 and 5, many examples of which are given; similar salts of these acids may be used, as with the organic sulpho-oxygen compound, as well as their lactones, esters and anhydrides.  A Watts type nickel plating bath may be used comprising 270-450 g./1. NiSO4.7H2O, 37.5-60 g./1. NiCl2.6H2O and 30-49 g./1. H3BO3.  The nickel plate may be used as a base electrodeposit for a further electrodeposit of nickel or other metal.
Patent GB-1039177-A (GB)
Title: Improvements in and relating to the production of granular compositions such as fertilizers
Inventor: NICHOLS FREDERICK PENGELLEY
IPC: B01J2/04
Filed: 1963-08-21
Abstract: A method of producing granular compositions, e.g. of ammonium nitrate comprises providing and maintaining a spouted bed of granules by means of an upwardly directed stream of gas, e.g. air, which is preferably heated, spraying a liquid melt, solution or suspension of the desired composition through a tube of relatively small diameter into the said stream at, or near, the point of entry of the gas stream, whereby granules maintained in the stream are coated and, if a volatile liquid such as water is present, are substantially dried, cleaning the said tube by mechanical means while maintaining the spouted bed.  The process may be carried out in vertical cylindrical vessel fitted with a frusto-conical base in which the slope of the conical surface may be greater than angle of repose of the crystals of the bed.  The said tube may be surrounded by a further tube through which air is passed to atomize the said liquid. The angle of the cone is arranged so that in conjunction with the flow of gas the liquid inlet is kept clear.  The liquid tube may be heated, e.g. by an electric element or by fluid circulating through a jacket surrounding the tube 2-10% of water in the liquid is suitable.  The process may be operated continuously - oversize particles being separated and recycled to the bed after grinding if necessary.  Some, or all of the feed material may be introduced with the gas stream forming the spouted bed.  Dust particles in the exit are recovered by a cyclone and the product is dried in a countercurrent of air, which is used as feed air for the spouted bed.  Slurries used may be prepared by mixing continuously in a stirred jacketed vessel a 10% moisture content slurry of ammonium phosphate (N/P ratio 1.4) at 115 DEG  C. with a 3% moisture content solution of ammonium nitrate at 160 DEG  C. at the same time adding at ambient temperature, ammonia gas or liquid and solid potassium chloride to produce a N/P ratio of 1.8.  The final temperature may be adjusted by heating or cooling. The temperature of the liquid composition is chosen to produce a viscosity of up to 30 poises.  Fertilizer compositions based on ammonium nitrate, mono- and di-ammonium phosphate, potassium salts, e.g. the chloride and ammonium sulphate may be prepared by the method which may also be used for applying anti-caking agents, e.g. formaldehyde to urea or to apply a plastic material, e.g. bitumen or resin to decrease the rate of solution of granules of a chemical substance or fertilizer.  Reference has been directed by the Comptroller to Specification 962,265.
Patent GB-609383-A (GB)
Title: Improvements in and relating to contacting gases or vapours with liquids
IPC: B01J19/32
Filed: 1946-02-28
Abstract: 609,383. Contacting gases and vapours with liquids. DIXON, O. G., and IMPERIAL CHEMICAL INDUSTRIES, Ltd. Feb. 28, 1946, No. 33252/47. Divided out of 609,331. [Class 55(ii)] Packing suitable for use in the treatment of gases and vapours with liquids in columns comprises one or more filamentous sheets arranged in the form of a cylinder concentrically with respect to the column and provided with inclined or helical baffles in the form of continuous strips. The sheets which may have indentations or corrugations may be made from material woven from wire, glass or slag wool or filaments of synthetic resin preferably in the form of galloon netting. The baffles are preferably made from crimped or corrugated metal sheet or tape. As shown in the Figure the packing comprises a series of concentric copper gauze cylinders 14, 15 and 16 arranged in a casing 12 fitted with a central tube 13 and forming annular passages in which helices of strip copper 21, 22, 23 and 24 are fitted being wound alternately in a clockwise and anti - clockwise direction.
Patent GB-1006810-A (GB)
Title: Apparatus for catalytic cracking of hydrocarbons
IPC: C10G9/20
Filed: 1963-08-22
Abstract: <PICT:1006810/C4-C5/1> Tubular cracking apparatus for cracking hydrocarbons comprises cracking tubes disposed between the wall of a furnace and a discontinuous screen and a burner or burners on the opposite side of the screen, the holes in the screen and the tubes being so arranged that heat by direct radiation from the flame falling on the furnace walls and reflected on to the tubes is substantially equal to heat by radiation transmitted via the solid parts of the screen falling on the tubes.  The tubes may be arranged in lines either side of a line of burners or in a circle round a single burner.  In Fig. 1 the reaction tubes 4 are set behind solid parts of screen 2 whereby one side of the tubes is heated by radiation reflected from the walls and the other by radiation from the screen.  In supplying 10,000 K.cals./hr./linear metre by 5,000 K.cals./hr./m. each side (Q1 and Q2) the following temperatures and dimensions may be used: t1=1400 DEG C., t2=1350 DEG C., t3=t4 =900 DEG C., t5=800 DEG  C., a = 100 mm., b = 200 mm., c = 100 mm., d = 100-150 mm., and the height of the orifices in a direction parallel to the longitudinal axis of the tubes is 200 mm. and are separated 200 mm. of solid screen which has a coefficient of conductivity of 4 K.cal./hr./m./ DEG C.  By modifying the dimensions of the orifices or thickness of the screen the heat may be regulated along the length of the tubes.
Patent GB-1448048-A (GB)
Title: Etching semiconductor oxide layers
IPC: H01L21/311
Filed: 1974-07-30
Abstract: 1448048 Etching INTERNATIONAL BUSINESS MACHINES CORP 30 July 1974 [21 Sept 1973] 33499/74 Heading B6J [Also in Division H1] An insulating layer 22 is etched from the surface of a photo-electric semi-conductor substrate 18 using a conductive etching solution 10, by a method comprising illuminating an area of the substrate 18 and detecting when a current path is established between the solution 10 and the substrate 18 through the area being etched. The substrate 18 may be silicon which is coated with silicon oxide layers 20, 22. A gasket 28 in a holder 14 ensures that only the layer 22 is exposed to the solution 10. One electrode 34 contacting the substrate 18 capacitively, or directly if the oxide layer 20 is absent, and another electrode 38 contacting the solution 10, are coupled to a current detector 40 which registers an output when the solution 10 reaches the substrate 18, whereupon the substrate 18 is removed either manually or by a servomechanism. The illumination consists of a chopped D.C. light beam.
Patent GB-759236-A (GB)
Title: Improvements in or relating to loudspeakers
IPC: H04R19/00
Filed: 1954-11-22
Abstract: 759,236. Loud-speakers. INDUSTRIES MUSICALES ET ELECTRIQUES PATHE MARCONI. Nov. 22, 1954 [May 10, 1954], No. 33788/54. Class 40 (4). In a condenser loud-speaker the fixed electrode 1 consists of a segment of a cylinder and has stretched over its convex face a sheet of sized paper 11 metallized on its outer surface and held against the fixed electrode by springs 15 fixed to clamps 13 holding the ends of the paper. The condenser loud-speaker, which is stated to provide distortionless reproduction down to 5 kc/s., may be combined with a moving-coil loud-speaker, the condenser loudspeaker having its concave face facing outwards and being housed wholly within the cone of the moving-coil loud-speaker.
Patent GB-1510294-A (GB)
Title: Passivated and encapsulated semiconductors and method of making same
IPC: H01L23/492
Filed: 1976-08-13
Abstract: 1510294 Semiconductor devices GENERAL INSTRUMENT CORP 13 Aug 1976 [14 Aug 1975] 33887/76 Heading H1K In an encapsulated semiconductor assembly, a homogeneous insulating glass layer, having a thermal expansion coefficient similar to that of the semiconductor and to that of the contact members connected between the semiconductor and its leads, and which covers the exposed semiconductor surface and partially covers the contact member surfaces, is covered with an insulating plastics layer which covers the exposed surfaces of the contact members and the connections between the leads and contact members. In the embodiment shown, the contact members 16, 16<1>, formed preferably from Mo, W, Ta, and alloys thereof, connect leads 20, 20<1> to a rectifier 12 through brazing alloy contacts 18, 18<1> and Al layers 14, 14<1>. The glass layer 30, formed by fusing glass particles left after evaporation of the vehicle from an applied slurry, may be an alkali-free zinc borosilicate or lead borosilicate glass. The plastics layer 40 may be an epoxy or silicone type material. The encapsulation process can be applied to devices having a plurality of leads, such as transistors and stacks of chips.
Patent GB-300918-A (GB)
Title: Improvements in extra air admission devices for internal combustion engines
IPC: F02M23/09
Filed: 1928-11-19
Abstract: 300,918. Mollura & Co., S. Nov. 19, 1928. [A Specification was laid open to inspection under Sect. 91 of the Acts, Nov. 20, 1928]. Induction pipes, extra air valves for. -An extra air admission device comprises a hollow flange 3 adapted to be secured between the carburettor and induction pipe flanges 2<1>, 1', and provided with an air inlet 5 controlled by a gravity or spring- loaded suction-actuated valve 7, e.g. a ball, the air entering the mixture stream through radial apertures 4 in the inner surface of the flange. The inlet 5 is conical in shape so that the air passage increases as the valve is opened. To facilitate starting, the mouth 6 of the inlet 5 may be closed by a valve which may be coupled to the accelerator rod. More than one air inlet 5 may be provided.
Patent GB-939643-A (GB)
Title: Improvements in or relating to a marking stamp
Inventor: IFFERT HANS
IPC: B41K1/56
Filed: 1962-09-05
Abstract: 939,643. Hand-stamps. K. BEYER, and W. BEYER, [trading as K. & W. BEYER OHG]. Sept. 5, 1962, No. 33949/62. Class 100 (2). A hand stamp comprises a plurality of stationary jaws 1, Figs. 2 and 5, joined by crossmembers 3, and a plurality of movable jaws 2 keyed to rods 5 slidable in the jaws 1. The jaws 1, 2 of each set are urged apart by springs 6. The jaws are brought into engagement with letter members having dovetailed portions composed in a letter-case, and handles 13 are rotated so as to cause eccentric members 11 to force the jaws together and grip the letters.
Patent GB-961384-A (GB)
Title: Process for producing organic thermoplastic film having improved ink receptive qualities and apparatus therefor
IPC: B29D7/00
Filed: 1962-09-05
Abstract: 961,384. Treating films. DOW CHEMICAL CO. Sept. 5, 1962 [Sept. 7, 1961], No. 33992/62. Heading B5B. [Also in Division H1] Organic thermoplastic film is subjected to corona discharge by passing the film between two electrodes, using alternating current, along a path equidistant from the ends of a plurality of uniformly spaced protrusions on one of the electrodes, said protrusions projecting towards the other electrode, and terminating in convex surfaces. The ink receptive qualities of the film, e.g. polyethylene, polypropylene and co-polymers thereof, is thereby improved. The alternating current is preferably of low frequency, e.g. 25 to 400 cycles per second. One embodiment of apparatus for the process comprises rotary drum electrode 12, over which the entire width of film 36 is passed, and fixed electrode 14. Electrode 14 comprises an insulating support 43 carrying a plurality of electrically connected rod-like members 44. These electrode members carry the spaced protuberances, the ends of which are convex surfaces and are spaced equidistant from the film path. The preferred electrode member is in the form of a cylindrical base 45 (Fig. 2) on which wire 47 is helically wound. Space 48 separates the turns of the wire. Other forms of electrode member (Figs. 4 and 6) comprise body members 51 and 61, carrying spaced protrusions 53 and 62 respectively, which terminate in convex surfaces. The electrodes may be prepared from conductors e.g aluminium, steel, copper, monel metal, nickel and stainless steel, or may be made from an insulator coated with a metallic film.
Patent GB-394237-A (GB)
Title: Improvements in valves, particularly for use with sprayers
IPC: F16K11/085
Filed: 1932-12-01
Abstract: 394,237. Valves for sprayers. MACLEAN, W. and NEWTON, CHAMBERS, & CO., Ltd., Thorncliffe Ironworks and Collieries, near Sheffield. Dec. 1, 1932, No. 34015. [Class 135.] A fluid-control valve, more particularly for use with liquid sprayers, comprises a hollow rotary cylindrical or conical plug c, Fig. 1, having a lateral opening at b, h, and an eccentrically-disposed opening e, f at one end, the latter opening being closable by rotary movement of the plug, and the amount of liquid passing being regulatable by a stop valve carried by the plug as, for example, a lift valve k, j seating over the opening e in the end of the plug. In a modification there are three branches b, and three alternative openings f for control by a single opening e. Fig. 12 shows an arrangement having two base openings f<1>, f<2>, controllable by the single end opening e, the plug having two lateral openings h<1>, h<2> and a byepass surface channel l. In the position shown the three side branches b<1>, b<2>, b3 of the casing are closed with the branches b<1>, b<2> isolated from the chamber m, and the interior of the valve is isolated both from the base.of the valve through openings f<1>, f<2>, and from all the branches ; the valve can therefore be opened up for inspection or repair.