Patent GB-597514-A (GB)
Title: Potentially adhesive filaments and yarns, fabrics, felts and similar textile materials made therewith
IPC: H01M50/414
Filed: 1944-12-06
Abstract: Composite artificial filaments having a composition formed of an artificial organic filament and a sheath portion formed of a thermosetting synthetic resin in the thermoplastic state are capable of being activated to an adhesive condition and are formed into yarns, fabrics, felts or similar textile materials, the filaments being bonded together at their points of intercrossing by polymerization of the thermosetting resin comprising the sheath portion.  The core of the composite filament may be regenerated cellulose, gelatine, casein or chitin or a thermoplastic material such as a cellulose ester, e.g. cellulose acetate, butyrate or propionate suitably plasticised; a cellulose ether, e.g. ethyl, propionyl, butyl or benzyl cellulose; a mixed ester, a mixed ether or an ester-ether of cellulose; a synthetic resin, e.g. polyvinyl chloride, polyvinylidene chloride, polyvinyl acetate, a polymer of methyl or ethyl acrylate or methacrylate, polystyrene, a copolymer of two or more polymerizable unsaturated compounds such as the copolymer of vinyl chloride and vinyl acetate, or vinyl chloride-acrylonitrile, or vinyl chloride-ethyl methacrylate, after chlorinated polyvinyl chloride, and an after chlorinated copolymer of vinyl acetate and vinyl acetate.  The sheath of the composite filament may be a phenol-aldehyde, ureaaldehyde, phenol - furfural, urea - aldehyde - alcohol ether, melamine - aldehyde, sulphonamide-aldehyde, alkyd and drying oil-modified alkyd resin. A mixture of thermoplastic and/or thermosetting materials may also be employed for the core and sheath respectively.  The composite filaments may be obtained by applying a coating about a central core portion; by extruding one material about a pre-formed core of the other; or by simultaneously extruding the core and sheath into a common coagulating medium.  The potentially adhesive filaments made up into yarns or fabrics are rendered temporarily adhesive by subjecting the materials to dry heat, as by hot air or by passing them through heated rolls or plates; by subjecting them to moist heat as by hot water or steam; by subjecting them to infra-red radiation; by subjecting them to a highfrequency induction field, in which case a minor proportion of an electrically conducting substance such as metallic powder or graphite may be incorporated in the potentially adhesive filament; or by treating them with a solvent or softening agent and simultaneously or thereafter heating the material.  The adhesion treatment may be effected with or without pressure.  The potentially adhesive filaments either in the form of continuous filaments or staple fibres may be associated in all proportions with other fibres such as those of regenerated cellulose, cotton, silk, wool, flax, kapok, casein, asbestos, glass and rock wool, for the production of yarn which may then, before or after being subjected to the adhesive treatment, be woven, knitted or braided into fabrics or plied into cords.  The temporary adhesion treatment eliminates the tendency of the yarns or filaments in the fabric to slip or ladder and may stiffen the fabric. Examples are given.