Patent GB-650759-A (GB)
Title: Improvements in and relating to the lubrication of textile fibres
Inventor: MUNDY CECIL WALTER ANDRE
Filed: 1946-06-28
Abstract: Mixtures of esters for use as constituents of textile lubricating compositions (see Group III), are prepared by reacting a non-drying fatty oil with one or more polyhydric alcohols in such proportions that the product consists wholly or substantially of esters containing one, two or three unesterified hydroxyl groups.  Specified polyhydric alcohols from which the ester mixtures may be prepared are ethylene glycol, diethylene glycol, propylene glycol, glycerol, polyglycerol, pentaerythritol, mannitol and sorbitol, and specified fatty oils with which the alcohols may be reacted are olive oil, arachis oil, castor oil, rape oil, palm oil, coconut oil, lard and tallow and mixtures thereof.  Typical ester mixtures are obtained by reacting (1) one mol. of arachis oil with one or two mols. of ethylene glycol; (2) one mol. of arachis oil simultaneously with one mol. of ethylene glycol and one mol. of glycerol; (3) one mol. of arachis or coconut oil and two mols. of glycerol; (4) two mols. of arachis, palm olive or castor oil and one mol. of glycerol; and (5) three mols. of arachis or castor oil and one mol. of pentaerythritol. The reaction may be effected at 400-600 DEG  F. under reflux conditions which allow steam to escape but condense alcohols.  A dry inert gas may be passed through the mixture, or reduced pressure may be applied.  Specifications 520,970, [Group III], and 587,532 are referred to.ALSO:For lubricating wool and other textile fibres, use is made of compositions containing (a) a mineral oil or a mixture of a mineral oil with a fatty oil, the mineral oil constituting at least 20 per cent of the mixture, and (b) a mixture of esters obtained by reacting a non-drying fatty oil with one or more polyhydric alcohols in such proportions that the product consists wholly or substantially of esters containing one, two or three unesterified hydroxyl groups. Specified polyhydric alcohols from which the ester mixture may be prepared are ethylene glycol, diethylene glycol, propylene glycol, glycerol, polyglycerol, pentaerythritol, mannitol and sorbitol, and specified fatty oils with which the alcohols may be reacted are olive oil, arachis oil, castor oil, rape oil, palm oil, coconut oil, lard and tallow and mixtures thereof.  Typical ester mixtures are obtained by reacting (1) one mol. of arachis oil with one or two mols. of ethylene glycol; (2) one mol. of arachis oil simultaneously with one mol. of ethylene glycol and one mol. of glycerol; (3) one mol. of arachis or coconut oil and two mols. of glycerol; (4) two mols. of arachis, palm, olive or castor oil and one mol. of glycerol; and (5) three mols. of arachis or castor oil and one mol. of pentaerythritol (see Group IV (b)).  The ester mixture may comprise 2-30 per cent, preferably 5-10 per cent, by weight of the composition, and may be stabilized by polymerization or oxidation or by addition of an antioxidant, e.g. an amine or a phenol.  The presence of the ester mixture facilitates the scouring of the lubricant from the fibres. Specifications 520,970 and 587,532 are referred to.