baber/WOPTO huggingface dataset:
Patent GB-856245-A (GB)
Title: Improvements in and relating to the production of cyclic carboxylic acids
Inventor: WHITFIELD GORDON HOWARD
IPC: C07C51/265
Filed: 1957-12-06
Abstract: Di- or polycarboxylic acids are prepared in a two-stage process with recycling in at least the second stage by oxidation of aromatic or heterocyclic compounds selected from one of the following groups : (i) aromatic hydrocarbons containing two or more oxidisable alkyl groups as substituents, or (ii) heterocyclic compounds of aromatic character containing two or more oxidisable alkyl groups or (iii) partially oxidised derivatives of (i) or (ii) containing at least one oxidisable alkyl group or mixtures of more than one of any of these groups, by means of molecular oxygen or ozone in the liquid phase, the first stage being carried out using as catalyst a compound of at least one metal of variable valence and the second stage at least one metal of variable valence and bromine, the process being characterised by the the fact that the material which is produced in the first stage for feeding to the second is free or is freed from unchanged starting material when this has been selected from groups (i) and (ii) or is freed from compounds containing an oxidisable alkyl group when the starting material has been selected from group (iii). Partially oxidised material may be recycled several times to the second stage together with fresh material from the first stage without the formation of by-products which slow down the rate of oxidation.  If the product of the first stage contains any of the undesired compounds mentioned they may be removed by fractional distillation &c.  The first stage oxidation may be carried out in the presence of manganese and/or cobalt bromide, acetate, naphthenate &c. and the second stage in the presence of the metal bromides.  The starting material may be a dialkyl benzene, a dialkyl pyridine or an alkyl benzyl alcohol and may contain substituents inert to oxidation e.g. tert.-alkyl, nitro or halogen.  The process may be carried out continuously and in the presence of solvents.  Examples describe the oxidation of oand mxylene and a mixture of xylenes to the corresponding phthalic acids.  Specifications 833,438 and 842,998 are referred to.
Patent GB-1514562-A (GB)
Title: Methods of manufacturing of devices having a conductor pattern
IPC: H01L21/28
Filed: 1975-09-16
Abstract: 1514562 Semiconductor device manufacture PHILIPS ELECTRONIC & ASSOCIATED INDUSTRIES LTD 16 Sept 1975 [19 Sept 1974] 38006/75 Heading H1K A conductive pattern is formed on a substrate by first providing a masking layer consisting of upper and lower sub-layers of different materials, forming apertures corresponding to the pattern therein using the upper sub-layer to mask when etching the lower, and then depositing two or more conductive sub-layers of different materials in the apertures in such a way that the upper sub-layer completely overlies and seals the edges of the lower, and subsequently removing the masking layer and with it the conductive material thereon. In the embodiment shown in partial section in Fig. 4 the conductive pattern forms the interdigitated emitter 17 and base 18 contacts of an HF transistor of the type described in Specification 1,435,320. The lower and upper sub-layers of the mask may consist of Cu, Ag, Mg or Ti and Pd, Mo, W, Ta or Ni respectively and those of the conductive pattern of Al, Cr, Ta, Ti, W, Mo, Zr, Co or Hf and Pt, Rh, Ru, Pd, Ir, Os or Re respectively. In the described example the masking layer consists of 0À1-0À2 Á of Cr 25 on 1 Á of Al 24 and is apertured by photoresist etching, while the conductive pattern consists of 0À5 Á of Rh 27 on 0À1 Á of Ti 26 and a further layer 24 of Au 0À3 Á thick to facilitate the attachment of gold wires. To ensure that the edges of the Ti layer are covered with Rh both layers may be vapour deposited or cathode sputtered from similarly located sources but using a higher chamber pressure when depositing the Rh. The same result may be achieved by positioning the sources so that the depositing Ti strikes the surface normally and the Cr at an acute angle, the Cr coming from an annular source or the wafer being rotated or undergoing a planetary motion during its deposition. It is preferred however simply to retain the photoresist used in forming the mask apertures, which slightly overhangs the edge of the Cr sub-layer, until Ti has been deposited and then remove it.
Patent GB-1057079-A (GB)
Title: Cutting tool
IPC: H02G1/12
Filed: 1964-09-18
Abstract: 1,057,079. Cutting apparatus. STANDARD TELEPHONES & CABLES Ltd. Sept. 18, 1964 [Sept. 19, 1963]; No. 38186/64. Heading B4B. A tool for cutting a web 16 joining two cable portions 17, 18 comprises relatively-movable jaws 2, 3 having recesses 4, 5 to receive cable portion 18, the jaw 2 having, mounted thereon a cutting wheel 11 cooperating with idler wheels 14, 15 mounted on the jaw 3, the tool being movable along the web either by means of a handle 13 or by other drive means. The jaw 2 is connected to a handle 6 and the jaw 3 to a plate 7 which is pivoted, at 8, to the handle 6 and has pivoted thereto an arm 9 which is connected to the handle 6 by means of a link 10, the arrangement being such that when the arm 9 is moved downwardly, the jaw 3 is rotated away from the jaw 2. Alternatively, the jaws may be connected together by bolts which when tightened bring the jaws together. The cutting wheel shown may be replaced by a smooth cutting wheel or a fixed cutting knife edge. The tool may be provided with a die to align the cutting wheel with the web. A knife blade may be provided behind the cutting wheel to ensure completion of the cut. The lower jaw may be adjustable to vary the cutting depth of the cutting wheel.
Patent GB-1275199-A (GB)
Title: Method for making phosphoric acid which is poor in fluorine
Inventor: GRAMS GERHARD
IPC: C01B25/237
Filed: 1970-08-07
Abstract: 1275199 Removal of fluorine from phosphoric acid CHEMISCHE FABRIK KALK GmbH 7 Aug 1970 [13 Aug 1969] 38230/70 Heading C1A A method of reducing the fluorine content of phosphoric acid produced from phosphate rock by the wet process comprises reacting the phosphoric acid with SiO 2  and a soluble sodium salt or sodium hydroxide at temperatures of 60‹ to 100‹ C., feeding the reacted mixture into a centrifuge subjected to an acceleration of at least 500 g and therein separating the precipitate from the liquid at or below the precipitation temperature.
Patent GB-1443734-A (GB)
Title: Methods for the manufacture of composite catalysts containing a composition of a transition metal on a support
IPC: C07C2/10
Filed: 1973-08-13
Abstract: 1443734 Aerogel catalyst AGENCE NATIONALE DE VALORISATION DE LA RECHERCHE 13 Aug 1973 [18 Aug 1972] 38293/73 Heading B1E [Also in Divisions C2 and C5] Composite aerogel catalysts are produced by (i) making a solution in a non-aqueous solvent of hydrolysable salts of at least one transition metal and a silicon and at least one metal giving a refractory oxide; (ii) effecting simultaneous hydrolysis of the salts by addition of water; and (iii) drying of the co-precipitate formed in an autoclave under hypercritical conditions with respect to the non aqueous solvent. Specified transition metals are Ni, Fe and Co and specified refractory oxide-forming elements are aluminium, silicon and magnesium. The salts used may be the alcoholates or acetates and the solvent is suitably an alcohol or toluene. The drying in the autoclave may be carried out under reducing conditions to reduce the transition metal to the metallic state.
Patent GB-1151937-A (GB)
Title: Bladed Rotors for Fluid Flow Machines
Inventor: SHAW HARRY
IPC: F01D5/30
Filed: 1966-08-26
Abstract: 1,151,937. Rotor blades. MINISTER OF TECHNOLOGY. Aug.25, 1967 [Aug.26, 1966], No.38310/66. Heading F1T . Turbine, compressor or like blades 1 mounted on a rotor 9 by the engagement of roots 5 in axial recesses 10 have root extensions 4 including platforms 3, the latter having overhanging portions 6 supporting the blade trailing edges, each root extension being contained within its respective recess with clearance from the sides 12 of the recess. The overhanging portion 6 permits the blade trailing edge to flex to reduce stresses, the flexing being damped by rubbing engagement between the platform 3 and the recess sides 12. The platform 3 and the root extension 4 respectively taper in depth and width from the leading to the trailing edge of the blade. The increased flexibility of the blade trailing edge, resulting from the overhanging portion 6, moves the flexural axis of the blade nearer its leading edge to a point which may be ahead of its lift axis, thus reducing the tendency of the blade to flutter.
Patent GB-1277791-A (GB)
Title: Polymerisable amido-containing ethylenically unsaturated ester monomers and polymers thereof
IPC: C08F20/36
Filed: 1969-07-31
Abstract: 1277791 Polymers of novel unsaturated esters; coating compositions BALM PAINTS Ltd 31 July 1969 [8 Aug 1968] 38433/69 Headings C3B, C3P and C3R [Also in Divisions C2 and C7] Addition polymers and copolymers comprising monomer units of Formula IV: (in which n is 2 to 18, R 1  is C 12-18  hydrocarbyl R 2  is H, CH 3 , hydroxyalkyl, C 2-18  aliphatic, hydrocarbyl, alkaryl, cycloalkyl or -COR 3 , where R 3  is H, CH 3 , hydroxyalkyl, C 2-18  aliphatic hydrocarbyl, alkaryl or cycloalkyl, R 5  is H, Cl, CH 3 , carboxymethyl or esterified carboxymethyl and R 6  is H, CH 3 , COOH or esterified or amidated COOH) are prepared by (a) direct polymerization or copolymerization of the corresponding ethylenically unsaturated monomer, or (b) polymerization or copolymerization of an acid of formula HOOC.CR 5  : CR 6 , or an anhydride thereof, and simultaneous or subsequent reaction with an alcohol of Formula III: In examples, styrene, methyl methacrylate and diisobutylene are used as comonomers, and ditert.-butyl peroxide, benzoyl peroxide and azodiisobutyronitrile are used as catalysts. The polymers are useful as film-forming polymers in surface coating compositions, e.g. paints. Other specified constituents of such paints are alkyd resins, hydrocarbons, isopropanol, cobalt octoate, butylated melamine/ formaldehyde resin, condensation product of bisphenol A with epichlorohydrin, n-butyl acetate and poly-(propylene glycol).
Patent GB-869302-A (GB)
Title: Phenolic resin-coated moulding powders
IPC: C08L61/10
Filed: 1957-12-11
Abstract: A dry, free-flowing moulding powder comprises discrete particles of sand, wood, glass fibre or abrasive grit cold-coated with from 1-15% by weight of the particles of a thermosetting resin which is the partially reacted one stage solid product of formaldehyde and phenol in the ratio of at least 1 mole of formaldehyde per mole of phenol. The powder is made by mixing the resin in powdered form with the filler particles, and after the addition of alcohol and water, mixing is continued at room temperature until the particles are coated with the resin.  The mixture becomes dry and free-flowing after mixing for 15 minutes. If desired, mould lubricants, e.g. calcium stearate and carnauba and montan waxes, may be added.  In Examples (1 to 8) sand; (9) silicon carbide abrasive grit, and (10) ground hardwood waste, are coated in the above manner.  Specifications 842,632 and 853,940 are referred to.ALSO:Particles of sand or silicon carbide are cold coated with 1 to 15% (by wt. of the particles) of a thermosetting resin which is the partially reacted one stage solid product of formaldehyde and phenol in the ratio of at least 1 mole of formaldehyde per mole of phenol.  The coating is effected by mixing the powdered resin with the particles and after the addition of water and alcohol, mixing is continued for about 15 minutes at room temperature whereupon the mixture becomes dry and free flowing.  In Examples (1 to 8) sand and (9) silicon carbide abrasive grit, are coated in the above manner.  Specifications 842,632 and 853,940 are referred to.
Patent GB-1364135-A (GB)
Title: Rubber-sprung wheels for railway vehicles
IPC: B60B17/00
Filed: 1972-08-18
Abstract: 1364135 Spring wheels SVENSKA AB BROMSREGULATOR 18 Aug 1972 [26 Aug 1971] 38538/72 Heading B7C In a spring wheel for a rail vehicle comprising plurality of rubber spring members, e.g. of disc shape, each consisting of two cover plates 8 bonded to opposite sides of a rubber body 7 and each secured, e.g. by bolts 11, to a wheel disc 2 fixed to the wheel rim 1 and a wheel disc 4, 5 fixed to the wheel hub 3, so as to be under permanent compressive load, the cover-plates of each spring member have, prior to installation in the wheel, a first, dish-like, stable shape, e.g. as shown in Fig. 5, and then, on installation in the wheel, are forced to spring to a second stable shape, e.g. as shown in Fig. 4, so that as a result the permanent compressive load under which the associated body 7 is held is greatest at the periphery of the body and becomes less toward the centre of the body. Each cover plate 8 may have an annular corrugation at its periphery as shown in Figs. 1, 4 and 5, and may also have further annular corrugations concentric with the peripheral corrugation as shown in Fig. 1.
Patent GB-1391550-A (GB)
Title: Destruction of cyanide waste
IPC: A62D3/35
Filed: 1972-08-18
Abstract: 1391550 Ammonia DEUTSCHE GOLDUND SILEER-SCHEIDEANSTALT 18 Aug 1972 [18 Aug 1971] 38589/72 Heading C1A [Also in Division C2] Ammonia is formed in a process for the treatment of cyanide waste by heating in the presence of water under elevated pressure. The cyanide may be a solid to which the water is added to form a solution or suspension and a catalyst, e.g. a salt of one or more transition metals preferably iron, cobalt or nickel may be present. Ammonia may be removed as a gas and a residue, sodium formate solidifies on cooling.
Patent GB-363142-A (GB)
Title: Improvements in or relating to the centrifugal casting of metals
IPC: B22D13/08
Filed: 1930-12-22
Abstract: 363,142. Casting-machines. PEMETZRIEDER, G., 44, Sachsenring, Tempelhof, Berlin. Dec. 22, 1930, No. 38598. [Class 83 (i).] Cores ; electricity, heating by.-Molten metal is cleaned and delivered to a mould by a rotating plate b which throws it against a surrounding stationary wall c, through one or more tangential openings d therein, and into a mould or moulds (not shown). The plate b may be flat or conical and may have an upturned edge or radial ribs such as e, f, Fig. 4, or both. The metal may be supplied to the plate through an opening in the casing c, Fig. 1, or through the upper or lower shaft a, made hollow for the purpose, in the latter case by a worm pump. The discharge openings d have cut-off slides and may take the form of tubes d<1>, Fig. 4. In a modification the plate p, Fig. 5, has perforations p<1> and engages metal in a melting pot q charged through the hollow shaft a, the moulds h being mounted on the pot or on furnace wall j. The plate p may be vertically adjustable to engage the metal. In another modification the metal is melted in one pot and delivered by a bottom duct to the pot q. The hood or plate or both may be heated by electricity, gas, &c. and may be lined with refractory material. The hollow driving shaft may also be used for introducing nitrogen or other inert gas or for extracting any gases produced or slag or a separate pipe may be used for extracting. Hollow castings may be made by arranging in the moulds cores wholly or partly of metal, graphite, carbon, sand, &c.
Patent GB-818998-A (GB)
Title: Improvements relating to railway construction
IPC: E01B9/30
Filed: 1956-12-19
Abstract: 818,998. Fastening railway rails. ETERNIT S.p.A. Dec. 19, 1956 [Dec. 20, 1955], No. 38702/56. Class 104 (2). In a method of resiliently mounting a rail 2 on a concrete sleeper 4 by a bolt 6, anchored in a socket 5 in the sleeper 4 engaging an elastic element consisting of two plates 11, 12 connected by a curved portion 13, the lower plate 11 of which is flat and the upper plate 12 bear on the rail foot the arrangement is such that the lower plate 11 bears directly on the sleeper 4 and is at the same level as the lower surface of the rail foot and a small clearance 14 is provided between its end and the edge of the rail foot. The clearance 14 is determined by the shank of the bolt 6 engaging the side of the bore in the socket 5 remote from the rail 2 and the side of the hole in lower plate 11 adjacent the rail 2.
Patent GB-862638-A (GB)
Title: Improvements in or relating to pressure releasing means
Inventor: BORSACK NATHANIEL
IPC: G01L11/00
Filed: 1958-12-02
Abstract: 862,638. Inflating flying suits. NORMALAIR Ltd. Oct. 13, 1959 [Dec. 2, 1958], No. 38776/58. Class 68(2). [Also in Group XXVIII] A compressed gas container discharge device for rapidly inflating a flying suit comprises a chamber 11 connected to the suit by an outlet 13 and to the container 32 and a chamber 10 which is open to the atmosphere and which contains a capsule 2 which expands if the ambient pressure falls below a pre-determined limit. A rod 7 mounted on the capsule is pivoted at 15 to a bell crank 14 which turns about a pin 16. The crank supports a lever 17 which is pivoted at 18 and has a cam 21. Rotation of the crank 14 frees the lever 17 and releases a second lever 22. A pin 24 is driven forward by a spring 28, pierces a disc 33 and allows oxygen from a source 32 to flow to the suit. The capsule may alternatively be sensitive to temperature.
Patent GB-944848-A (GB)
Title: Improvements in or relating to attachment means for wash basins
Inventor: SHANKS KENNETH LESLIE
IPC: E03C1/322
Filed: 1960-11-11
Abstract: 944,848. Wash basins. SHANKS & CO. Ltd. Jan 15, 1962 [Nov. 11, 1960], No. 38823/60. Headings A4B and A4N. [Also in Division F2] Formed in the casting of a vitreous china wash basin 1 of conventional construction are two pairs of holes 2 and 2<SP>1</SP> which align with corresponding holes in a supporting bracket 3 having holes 5 to permit a bolting attachment to the wall. The bracket 3 is secured to the basin 1 by means of bolts 6 which are provided with elastically deformable sleeves 9 compressed axially between the bolt-head and nut 8 so as to expand radially and grip the walls of the holes 2 and 2<SP>1</SP>.
Patent GB-1002724-A (GB)
Title: Method of and apparatus for sensing the direction of magnetization of ferromagnetic thin film devices
IPC: G11C11/14
Filed: 1962-10-15
Abstract: 1,002,724. Magnetic storage devices. TEXAS INSTRUMENTS Inc. Oct. 15, 1962 [Oct. 18, 1961], No. 38926/62. Heading H3B. The stable remanent state of a thin magnetic film is determined non-destructively by applying a high-frequency A.C. magnetization along the hard axis of the film, and then comparing the values of high-frequency current obtained in the A.C. circuit both during and after the application of unidirectional magnetization along the easy axis. It is stated that the permeability of the thin film material depends on the frequency of the A.C. magnetization, and is a maximum when this frequency is equal to the resonant precession frequency, e.g. 600 Mc/s., as shown by curve 24 in Fig. 2. The resonant precession frequency is raised, as shown by curve 26, when a D.C. magnetizing field is applied in the same direction as that of the stable remanent field of the thin film, and is lowered as shown by curve 26 when the D.C. magnetizing and remanent fields act in opposite directions. Thus with an applied A.C. magnetization of 500 Mc/s. the permeability is given by point 25, and when the D.C. magnetizing field is applied the permeability changes to point 29 or 27 depending on whether the film is storing a binary zero or a binary one. A storage matrix is shown in Fig. 4 in which thin films 56 formed on a conductive and non-magnetic plate 35 have associated high-frequency strip conductors 36-38 and orthogonal read/write conductors 50-52. High-frequency A.C. is continuously applied from a source 42 to the strip conductors by way of directional conductors 60-62 except during the writing periods, and the A.C. currents as determined by the permeabilities of the respective rows of films are measured by crystal diode or other detectors 46-48. For non-destructive sensing of a column of films a D.C. read pulse is applied to the associated read/write conductor 50-52 and the increase or decrease of film permeability detected. To write a binary word, the selected column of films is first cleared by a pulse in the associated conductor S0-S2 which switches the films to state one. The A.C. magnetization is then interrupted and a zero magnetizing pulse insufficient by itself to switch the films is applied to the selected conductor S0-S2. Simultaneously a switching pulse is applied to selected strip conductors 36-38 by write pulse sources S7-S9 so that those films coincidentally energized by row and column pulses are switched to the zero state, the switching pulse in the strip conductors terminating before the zero magnetizing pulse. The easy axes of the films may be at a small angle, e.g. 11 degrees, to the axis of the strip Conductors.
Patent GB-825740-A (GB)
Title: Production of finely divided metals
IPC: B22F9/30
Filed: 1957-12-16
Abstract: In a process for producing fine metal powder by thermally decomposing a metal carbonyl, the vaporized carbonyl is introduced into a moving stream of inert gas to form a mixture p  containing 20-100 volumes of inert gas for each volume of carbonyl vapour, the mixture is passed in streamline flow through a reaction zone maintained at a temperature in the range 150-350 DEG C., decomposition being effected in the free space of this zone, the metal powder and carbon monoxide are separated from the inert gas and the inert gas is recycled.  The pressure in the reaction zone is preferably 2 m.m. to 2 atmospheres. U.S.A. Specification 2,597,701 is referred to.
Patent GB-1010810-A (GB)
Title: An adjusting device for adjusting the distance between two members
IPC: B60J7/02
Filed: 1964-09-28
Abstract: 1,010,810. Sliding roofs. H. T. GOLDE G.m.b.H., H. GOLDE, and M. LOFFLER, [trading as H. T. GOLDE G.m.b.H. & CO.]. Sept. 28, 1964 [Sept. 27, 1963], No. 39492/64. Heading B7B. [Also in Division F2] The height of a sliding roof portion 3, Fig. 1, of a vehicle, with regard to a fixed roof portion 2 when the former is in position to close an opening 1, is adjustable by varying the positions of nuts 17, Figs. 3, 4, on anchor-nuts 15 (see Division F2) which receive screws 19, e.g. for securing guide shoes 4 to bearing plates 7 fixed to the sliding roof at its front corners. The height-adjusting arrangement could be used on folding roof parts but as shown is used with regard to a rigid sliding roof 3 at each of its four comers, when in position for closure, each of the two at the back corners ,being used to adjust the height of a platform 14 secured by way of a bearing plate 16 to the edge of the roof opening 1 adjacent a guide rail 6. The bent ends 13 of a rod 11 register with the two platforms 14 when the sliding roof 3 is moved to the opening 1 and by means of a handle 9 and link 1O, the ends 13 are turned down to raise the back edge of the roof to close the opening. The back end of the sliding roof 3 is guided by shoes 5 secured to it by spring arms 8.