baber/WOPTO huggingface dataset:
Patent KR-0142069-B1 (KR)
Title: 제전성 폴리에스테르섬유용 유제조성물
Filed: 1993-12-28
Granted: 1998-07-01
Abstract: 본 발명은 제전성 폴리에스테르섬유, 특히 상기 섬유의 경사에 적합한 유제조성물이다. 
     종래의 것은 제전제가 호부사의 호피막을 가소화 시켰으므로 제직가동율을 저하시켰으며 잔털과 절사 등을 많이 발생시켰다. 
     본 발명은 제전제성분의 사용량을 억제한 대신에 폴리옥시에틸렌의 수소화된 캐스터오일을 사용한 것으로서, 광물유 10 ∼ 20 중량 %, 알킬술포네이트소디움염 1.0 ∼1.5 중량 %, 알킬알킬레이트 40 ∼50 중량 %, 폴리옥시에틸렌의 수소화된 캐스터오일 10 ∼ 15 중량 % 등으로 조성된 것이다. 
     본 발명으로 처리된 경사는 호부작업성과 제직가동율이 좋았으며 원사잔털을 발생시키지 않았다.
Patent KR-970003689-B1 (KR)
Title: A molding device of semiconductor package
Inventor: KWAK NOH-KWON
IPC: H01L21/56
Filed: 1993-12-30
Granted: 1997-03-21
Abstract: The present invention relates to a module sorting method for a semiconductor package mold and a device therefor whereby modules are sorted by kinds and incorrectly coupled modules are monitored thus preventing deterioration of components and saving the time for the coupling confirmation. This method uses a preset signal generator (60), a signal sensor (54) and a connector (40) to determine if a module kit supported by a clamping block (12) and a side block (14) on a lower plate (10) for semiconductor package mold. This connector (40) includes a signal connector (42) and a receiving connector (44), and a plurality of pins (46) of the signal connector (42) are connected to a signal generator (60) via wiring (52).
Patent KR-100223039-B1 (KR)
Inventor: WIESSNER FRANK
IPC: B01J23/72
Filed: 1992-06-17
Granted: 1999-10-01
Abstract: 본 발명은 일련의 계단식 반응조내에서 현탁액 촉매의 존재하에 포름알데히드와 아세틸렌을 부틴디올롤 변환시키는 방법에 관한 것이다. 촉매는, 일련의 계단식 반응조의 마지막 반응조를 거친다음, 생성된 용액으로 부터 분리시켜서 최초의 반응조에 피드-백시킬 수 있다. 이때, 현탁액의 농도에 따라서, 상당한 비율의 생성된 부틴디올을 일련의 계단식 반응조의 최초 반응조에 공급해주어야 한다. 이것은 부틴디올로 변환되는 반응을 현저하게 방해한다. 또한, 특히 생성 용액으로 부터 촉매를 분리시키는 라인이나 장치에 있어서는 아세틸렌의 결여에 의해 촉매에 손상을 주게될 위험이 있다. 본 발명에 따르면, 각각의 개별 반응조에서 분리를 수행할 수 있다. 이 공정은 반응조내에 설치된 필터 또는 반응조 외부의 적당한 필터장치에 의해 수행될 수 있다. 본 발명의 방법에 있어서는, 반응조내에 존재하는 촉매의 일부를 배출시키고 재생촉매 및/또는 새로운 촉매로 교체할 수 있다. 반응조에서 배출시킨 촉매는 재생시키는 것이 바람직하다. 반응조내의 촉매교환은 간헐적으로 할 수도 있고 연속적으로 할 수도 있다. 촉매는 반응조내에서 반응용액 1 당  50-200g, 바람직하게는 75-125g의 양으로 사용하게 된다.
Patent RO-121459-B1 (RO)
Title: Multifunctional signal generator
Inventor: MECIU EUGENIU
IPC: H03K3/00
Filed: 2002-04-12
Abstract: The invention relates to a multifunctional signal generator meant to be used for obtaining different signals used in communications, information processing, testing and diagnosis. According to the invention, the generator is made on the basis of a direct digital controlled signal synthesizer (DDS) controlled by a processor (P) which ensures, according to requirements, the generation of the useful signal on the direct path, by means of the direct synthesizer, with the automatic control of the amplitude and frequency, the generation of another signal from the signal obtained by means of the direct path depending on certain conditions ensured by a reference signal (REF) or by an external tact signal (CLK) by cumulating the information into a numerator (NUM) and a memory (MEM) and then the digital-analogical conversion thereof, or depending on an external analogical signal (SE) which impose other construction conditions such as different modulation types.
Patent RO-123030-B1 (RO)
Title: Heat treatment inductor and method for the surface temper hardening
Inventor: ARGHIRESCU MARIUS
IPC: C21D1/10
Filed: 2008-02-18
Abstract: The invention relates to an inductor and a method for heat treatment of surface temper hardening, by induction currents, of some pipe-type or rod-type steel members. According to the invention, the inductor comprises some circular loops (2 and 3) made of copper, pipe provided with some holes (a and a') with a diameter of about 1 mm, arranged in two rows and equidistantly on the interior side of the loops and a loop (1) provided with holes (i) obliquely arranged for the chill hardening of the member protruding from the area of the loop (1), so that a pipe-type or a rod-type member could be passed through the serially-connected loops (1, 2 and 3) while the loop (1) is located at a distance corresponding to the width of two or three loops in relation to the loop (2). In the first stage, the method for the heat treatment by surface temper hardening carries out, the austenitizing of the surface of the heat treated member and martensite hardening thereof while passing through a loop (1), and, in the second stage, the method carries out the stress relieving during tempering of the martensite hardened surface in the area of the critical point Ms, by the simultaneous action of induction currents and of the chilling water coming out through the holes (a and a') of the loops (2 and 3), the adjustment of the final structure in the hardened layer and the reduction of the amount of residual austenite and the electrical supply of the inductor being carried out in low frequency pulses of 5-50 Hz, depending on the pre-established value of the speed of the member passing through the inductor or the specific supply power so as, in the area of loops (2 and 3) of low tempering, to carry out repeatedly the low tempering and the chilling after austenitizing and chilling.
Patent RO-123480-B1 (RO)
Title: Process and photobioreactor for long-lasting sequestration of carbon dioxide from greenhouse effect gases
Inventor: VELEA SANDA
IPC: C12M1/00
Filed: 2009-04-06
Abstract: The invention relates to a process and a photobioreactor for the long-lasting sequestration of carbon dioxide from greenhouse effect gases in continuous running photosynthesis systems. According to the invention, the photobioreactor consists of the bioreactor () wherein a certain number of parallel-connected bioreactors () are placed and the lighting system (), where the bioreactor () has the shape of a parallelepipedal tank open at its top part and the bioreactors () comprise the bioreactor body () in the shape of a parallelepipedal tank made of a light transparent material which is open at the top part and the side part and provided with rectangular flanges on which the flat covers () are fixed, one of said covers being assembled to a conduit () wherethrough the microalgae suspension is fed, the other cover being assembled to the conduits () wherethrough carbon dioxide and air are fed by bubbling, the bioreactor body () being assembled with two overflow membranes () placed under an angle of 30...60° in respect of the vertical plane, having the role of orienting the excess microalgae suspension and of converting the same into a droplet curtain, thereby enhancing light capture and oxygen release. The process claimed by the invention consists in charging some bioreactors () with culture medium up to 86...89% of their capacity, inoculating a microalgae suspension in a ratio of 9:1 as compared with the culture medium, introducing the carbon dioxide at a flow rate selected so that the suspension pH varies from 7.5 to 8.8 and bubbling air for stirring purposes for 7...10 days, followed by feeding the medium as to cause a suspension volume increase and to spill it over the overflow membranes (), the medium feeding being stopped after 8...10 days, when the photobioreactor reaches the continuous running condition, followed by sampling a part from the suspension, filtering it and using the microalgae cake.
Patent RO-128216-B1 (RO)
Title: Process for in situ preparing composite materials of al-si/al type and experimental installation
Inventor: MITRICĂ DUMITRU
IPC: C22C1/10
Filed: 2011-04-22
Abstract: The invention relates to a process and an installation for preparing composite materials with aluminium alloy-based metal matrix, reinforced with aluminium nitride ceramic particles, obtained by an in-situ process, said process taking place in an inert protecting atmosphere by blowing nitrogen into the aluminium alloy bath with direct reaction between nitrogen and aluminium for preparing the aluminium nitride. The claimed process consists in obtaining the aluminium-silicon alloy matrix composites reinforced with AlN particles of sizes ranging between 1...5 μ m, homogenously arranged, by using a liquid alloy matrix containing minimum 0.7% Mg for avoiding the oxygen chemosorption and for increasing the amount of AlN and implicitly for improving the yield of the process which takes place by blowing in nitrogen with a purity of 99. 9999 vpm at a temperature ranging between 1100...1200°C for 10...12 h, at a growth rate of 0.04 g AlN/min, followed by cooling and then remelting the primary composite at 700..800°C under Ar atmosphere, at a pressure of 1.5...2.5 mbar, keeping it for 5...10 min for homogenization, followed by pouring the composite into a casting mould. The claimed installation comprises a reactor consisting of a body (1) made of refractory steel, provided at the upper part with handles for manual handling and a flange for sealing the cover (2), a high-density graphite tube (3) provided with a large number of nozzles of 1 mm for blowing in the reactive gas, said tube being connected to a pipe (12) of refractory steel and a high-density graphite reaction crucible (4) with a height/diameter ratio of 2.5, the cover (2) being provided with an inner water cooling chamber (5), a flange for fastening it onto the body, two pipe connections (6 and 7), a pipe (8) for Ar blowing in, a pipe (9) for removing the gases from the enclosure, a device for raising/lowering the reactive gas blowing tube and an inspection window (10) for surveying the process.
Patent RO-129835-B1 (RO)
Title: Continuous process for preparation of 1,2-o-isopropylidene-glycerol
Inventor: PLEŞU VALENTIN
IPC: C10L1/02
Filed: 2013-12-03
Abstract: The invention relates to a process for preparing 1,2-O-isopropylidene-glycerol to be used as an ecological solvent or fuel additive. According to the invention, the process consists in condensing a mixture of 1,2-O-isopropylidene-glycerol and acetone, in the presence of highly acid ion-exchange resins, in a first reaction zone, the resulting water being separated from the acetone in a first rectification zone, after which the reaction mass is transferred, after 3-h time, to a second reaction zone, the resulting water being further separated from acetone in a second rectification zone while recycling the acetone in the reaction zones, after another 3-h time the reaction mass passing into a third rectification zone where the raw 1,2-O-isopropylidene-glycerol having a concentration of at least 95% is separated to be used as such or subjected to distillation for additional purification.
Patent RS-53560-B1 (RS)
Inventor: ANDERSON HEATHER
IPC: A23L19/00
Filed: 2007-05-24
Abstract: Biljka kukuruza otporna na insekte, ili njeni delovi, ili njeno seme ili njeno potomstvo koji sadrže DNK molekul koji kodira Cry2Ab i Cry1A.105 u genomu ćelija navedene biljke kukuruza, njegovih delova, semena ili potomstva, naznačena time, što DNK molekul sadrži sledeće elemente: e35S promoter, pšenični CAB neprevedeni lider, pirinčani aktin intron, kodirajuću sekvencu za Cry1A.105, pšeničnu HSP17 3' sekvenca prekida i poliadenilacije, FMV promoter, hsp70 intron, kodirajuću sekvenca rubisko male podjedinice hloroplasta targetirajućeg peptida, Cry2Ab kodirajuću sekvenca, nos 3' signalna sekvenca prekida i poliadenilacije, kada su pozicionirani na suprotnim krajevima navedenog DNK molekula i predstavljaju DNK koja ima nukleotidnu sekvencu SEQ ID NO:1 i DNK koja ima nukleotidnu sekvencu SEQ ID NO:2, i pri čemu je navedeni DNK molekul prisutan u događaju kod kukuruza MON89034 deponovanom u American Type Culture Collection (ATCC - Kolekciji kulture američkog tipa) sa pristupnim brojem PTA-7455.Prijava sadrži još 22 patentna zahteva.
Patent RS-53951-B1 (RS)
Inventor: CORKEY BRITTON
IPC: C07D491/048
Filed: 2010-07-12
Abstract: Jedinjenje sa formulom (I)gde:R1 je alkil od 1-10 atoma ugljenika, cikloalkil od 3-8 atoma ugljenika, alkenil koji sadrži do 10 atoma ugljenika, alkinil koji sadrži do 10 atoma ugljenika, aril, heteroaril ili heterociklil, od kojih su svi opciono supstituisani sa 1, 2, ili 3 supstituenta izabrana od halo, okso, alkil sa 1 do 6 atoma ugljenika, cikloalkil sa 3 do 8 atoma ugljenika, heterociklil, fenil, fenoksi, halo, -CN, -O-R6, -C(O)-R6, -OC(O)-R6 -C(O)-O-R6, - N(R6)-C(O)-O-R7, -N(R6)-C(O)-R7, -N(R6)-C(O)-N(R6)(R7), i -C(O)-N(R6)(R7), gde su alkil. cikloalkil, heterociklil, fenil, i fenoksi opciono supstituisani sa 1, 2, ili 3 supstituenta izabrana od alkil sa 1 do 6 atoma ugljenika, cikloalkil sa 3 do 8 atoma ugljenika, alkoksi sa 1 do 6 atoma ugljenika, hidroksil, i halo;pod uslovom da R1 nije metil kada je R3 morfolinil ili furil; gde su R6 i R7 nezavisno izabrani iz grupe koja se sastoji od vodonika, alkila od 1-6 atoma ugljenika, ili cikloalkila od 3-8 atoma ugljenika; ili R6 i R7 kada uzeti zajedno sa azotom za koji su vezani formiraju heterociklus;R2 je vodonik, halo, cijano, alkoksi, ili alkil opciono supstituisan sa halo;R3 je aril, heteroaril, ili heterociklil, od kojih su svi opciono supstituisani sa 1, 2 ili 3 supstituenta izabrana od alkil sa 1 do 6 atoma ugljenika, alkoksi sa 1 do 6 atoma ugljenika, cikloalkil sa 3 do 8 atoma ugljenika, cikloalkilalkil, aril, arilalkil, heteroaril, heteroarilalkil, heterociklil, heterociklilalkil, halo, haloalkoksi, okso, -CN, -O-R6, -O-C(O)-R6, -O-C(O)-N(R6)(R7), -S-R6, -N(R6)(R7), -S(=O)-R6, -S(=O)2R6, -S(=O)2-N(R6)(R7), -S(=O)2-O-R6, -N(R6)-C(O)-R7, -N(R6)-C(O)-O-R7, -N(R6)-C(O)-N(R6)(R7), -C(O)-R6, -C(O)-O-R6, -C(O)-N(R6)(R7), i -N(R6)-S(=O)2-R7, gde je alkil, alkoksi, cikloalkil, aril, heteroaril ili heterociklil dalje opciono supstituisan sa jednim ili više supstituenata izabranih od halo, hidroksil, okso, -CN, i -O-R6;uz uslov da heteroaril ili heterociklil grupa uključuje bar jedan azotov atom prstena;X1, X2, X3, X4, X5, X6, X7 i X8 su nezavisno C(R4) ili N, gde je svako R4 nezavisno vodonik, hidroksil, halo, alkil sa 1 do 6 ugljenikovih atoma, alkoksi sa 1 do 6 ugljenikovih atoma, ili cikloalkil sa 3 do 8 ugljenikovih atoma, gde je alkil ili cikloalkil dalje opciono supstituisan sa jednim ili više supstituenata izabranih od halo, hidroksil, okso, -CF3, -O-CF3, -N(R6)(R7), -C(O)-R6, -C(O)-O-R7, -C(O)-N(R6)(R7), -CN, -O-R6; iliX5 i X6 ili X6 i X7 su vezani da formiraju fuzionisani cikloalkil, fuzionisani aril, ili fuzionisani heteroaril, od kojih su svi opciono supstituisani sa alkilom sa 1 do 6 atoma ugljenika, hidroksilom, ili halo; iuz uslov da najmanje jedan od X2, X3, i X4 je C(R4);najmanje dva od X5, X6, X7, i X8 su C(R4); inajmanje jedan od X2, X3, X4, X5, X6, X7 i X8 je N.Prijava sadrži još 16 patentnih zahteva.
Patent RS-54922-B1 (RS)
Inventor: OVCHINNIKOV MIKHAIL A
IPC: A61F9/007
Filed: 2011-08-03
Abstract: Fakoemulzifikacioni vrh (100), koji uključuje- najmanje delimično pravu osovinu (108);- deo rezne ivice (112) na distalnom kraju osovine, gde deo rezne ivice uključuje najmanje prvi i drugi luk (102,104) i distalnu krajnju tačku (106);- vrh oblikovan da bude ultrazvučno torziono vibriran kada se upotrebljava sa fakoemulzifikacionim držaljem (204) uključujući ultrazvučni pogonski mehanizam,gde ultrazvučna torziona vibracija vrha ima za posledicu najmanje dva kretanja, koji obuhvataju:- bočno pomicanje vrha upravno na osu kolinearnu sa pravim delom osovine i upravno na osu luka vrha;- ugao uvijanja duž ose kolinearne sa pravim delom osovine vrha;gde je geometrija osovine i najmanje prvog i drugog luka oblikovana da ima za posledicu, tokom ultrazvučne torzione vibracije vrha (100), bočno pomicanje osovine (108), upravno na osovinu (108), manje od oko 5 do 25% od bočnog pomicanja distalne krajne tačke (106) vrha (100) preko dužine osovine koja se pruža od proksimalnog kraja osovine do prvog luka dela rezne ivice, gde je bočno pomicanje (ux) najmanje jednim delom određeno upotrebom jednačine,gde je:φ ugao uvijanja vrha,p je gustina materijala vrha,S(z) je površina poprečnog preseka vrha duž ose (116) kolinearne sa osovinom (108),E je Young-ov modul materijala vrha,ly(z) je moment inercije poprečnog preseka vrha oko ose upravno na osu kolinerarnu sa osovinom, iI(z) je bočno pomicanje preko ose upravno na osu kolinernu sa osovinom,igde je dužina osovine oblikovana da bude prilagođena vibraciji uvijanja tako da su vibracije uvijanja u rezonanci sa ultrazvučnim pogonskim mehanizmom radi uvećanja pomicanja uvijanja na distalnoj krajnjoj tački (106).Prijava sadrži još 5 patentnih zahteva.
Patent SA-112340163-B1 (SA)
Title: Method and construct for synthetic bidirectional SCBV plant promoter
Inventor: Terry r wright
Filed: 2012-12-30
Abstract: present application provides a constructs and methods for expressing multiple genes in plant cells and/or plant tissues. The constructs provided comprise at least one bi directional promoter linked to multiple gene expression cassettes, wherein the bi directional promoter comprises a functional promoter nucleotide sequence from Sugar Cane Bacilliform Virus promoter. In some embodiments, the constructs and methods provided employs a bi directional promoter based on a minimal core promoter element from a Zea mays Ubiquitin 1 gene, or a functional equivalent thereof, and nucleotide sequence elements from a Sugar Cane Bacilliform Virus promoter. In some embodiments, the constructs and methods provided allow expression of genes between three and twenty. Fig 2
Patent SA-116370326-B1 (SA)
Title: Pad for disc brakes for railway vehicles
Inventor: VITTORIO DE SOCCIO
Filed: 2016-02-18
Abstract: A pad (1) for disc brakes for railway vehicles comprising a fixing plate (2) to fix the pad as a whole to a disc brake structure, a base plate (3), and a plurality of friction elements (4) reversibly fixed to said base plate (3). Each friction element (4) comprises a planar lamina (5), an insert (6) made of friction material and irreversibly fixed to the planar lamina (5) and a fixing pin (7) engaging a respective fixing hole (14) formed in the base plate (3). Each friction element (4) comprises a pair of anti-rotation pegs (8) engaging a respective pair of holes (15) formed in the base plate (3) and arranged on opposite sides with respect to the fixing pin (7). Moreover, for each friction element (4), the pad (1) comprises at least one Belleville washer (17) arranged between the planar lamina (5) and the base plate (3). Main Figure: 3a
Patent SA-516370353-B1 (SA)
Title: Clamping cylinder for an electrode slipping device
Inventor: OLLILA JANNE
Filed: 2016-01-04
Abstract: An electrode slipping device comprises an upper holder (3) and a lower holder, both holders (3) containing one or more clamping shoes (5) and one or more clamp-ing cylinders (6) in co-operation with the clamping shoes (5). The clamping shoes (5) are operable between a position where the electrode is clamped and a posi-tion where the electrode is unclamped. The clamping cylinder (6) is connected to the electrode holder (3) by first fastening means (27) and to the clamping shoe (5) by second fastening means (28) such that the clamping cylinder (6) can be released from engagement with the holder (3) by unlocking both sets of fas-tening means (27, 28). (Fig. 2)
Patent SA-516370505-B1 (SA)
Title: A system and method for an integrity management to ‎manage and control data between entities in an oil and ‎gas asset supply chain
Inventor: AKSEL NIELSEN
Filed: 2016-01-31
Abstract: The disclosure generally relates to a system and method for managing and controlling data between entities in an oil and gas asset supply chain, and in particular to an excise tax management system and method to identify and reconcile tax filings, production volumes and operational reports. A data management system collects first data captured from a sensor or a data collector and second data provided by one of a subsidiary, franchise and third party contractor. The data management system secures and clusters the first data to generate one of a secure tax report, a tax estimation and tax information related to a key performance indicator (KPI), and secures and clusters the second data to generate one of secure data, a secure financial report related to one of the subsidiary, franchise and third party contractor of the oil and gas supply chain.
Patent SA-516370866-B1 (SA)
Title: Superstructure for Naval Platform and Associated Method for Implementing same
Inventor: ALEXIS CYRIL GWENAEL NOYER
Filed: 2016-04-04
Abstract: The invention relates to a superstructure for a naval platform, comprising a plating (25) and a floor (20), the floor being applied to the plating and suitable for fixing to a deck (10) of the naval platform, said superstructure being characterized in that the floor (20) is detachably fixed to the plating (25) and suitable for fixing to said deck (10) independently from the plating (25) and at a distance therefrom. Fig. 9
Patent SA-516371053-B1 (SA)
Title: Injection mold, injection tool and injection method
Inventor: OLOF FRANKSSON
Filed: 2016-05-03
Abstract: An injection mold (1) comprises an injector mold plate (2) having a first injector mold plate face (4) and an opposite second injector mold plate face (5), an ejector mold plate (3) having a first ejector mold plate face (6) and an opposite second ejector mold plate face (7), the first injector mold plate face (4) faces towards the first ejector mold plate face (6), at least one tempering medium channel (11;14) connecting a tempering medium inlet (23;25) of the injection mold (1) to a tempering medium outlet (24;26) of the injection mold (1), wherein the at least one tempering medium channel (11;14) traverses an area of at least one of the second injector mold plate face (5) and/or the second ejector mold plate face (7) and defines a free opening (30;33) in said respective mold plate face (5;7) along at least a length of the at least one tempering medium channel (11;14). Fig. 1
Patent SA-516380089-B1 (SA)
Title: Disposable Safe Vein Transfusion Puncture Needle
Inventor: YALING MAO
Filed: 2016-10-16
Abstract: A disposable safe vein transfusion puncture needle comprising a needle head (4), a needle base (3), a needle sheath sleeved on the needle head (4), and a hose (6) communicated with the needle base (3), and further comprising a plurality of slidable components (1, 2) and a plurality of limiting mechanisms (11, 12, 13, 21, 31, 32), wherein the needle base (3) is in a tubular shape, with one end stationary and communicated with the needle head (4) and the other end connected to the hose (6); each of the slidable components (1, 2) is in a tubular shape and has two open ends, the plurality of slidable components (1, 2) are sleeved on one another, the innermost slidable component (1) is movably sleeved onto the needle base (3), and a sum of lengths of the plurality of slidable components (1, 2) in a moving direction is longer than the length of the needle head (4); the limiting mechanisms (11, 12, 13, 21, 31, 32) are disposed on the plurality of slidable components (1, 2) as well as on the n
Patent SA-519410547-B1 (SA)
Title: Methods of Regenerating Aromatization Catalysts with a Decoking Step between Chlorine and Fluorine Addition
Inventor: GABRIELA ALVEZ-MANOLI
Filed: 2019-11-13
Abstract: Methods for regenerating a spent catalyst in a metal reactor are disclosed. Such methods may employ a step of chlorinating the spent catalyst, followed by decoking the chlorinated spent catalyst, and then fluorinating the de-coked catalyst.
Patent SA-520411750-B1 (SA)
Title: Non-random isobutylene copolymers
Inventor: PAPPAS GEORGE
Filed: 2020-04-09
Abstract: Isobutylene copolymer includes repeat units derived from isobutylene and one or more comonomers selected from isoprene, butadiene, cyclopentadiene, dicyclopentadiene, limonene, substituted styrenes, and C4 to C10 dienes other than isoprene, butadiene, limonene, cyclopentadiene, or dicyclopentadiene, wherein the molar ratio of isobutylene derived repeat units to the comonomer derived repeat units is from 75:1 to 1.5:1. The copolymers have a molecular weight, Mn, of from 200 to 20,000 Daltons and typically have a high double bond content and a high vinylidene double bond content when diene monomers are utilized.