Patent GB-327979-A (GB)
Title: Improvements in or relating to the treatment of carbon black and other fine powderous materials
IPC: C09C1/58
Filed: 1929-01-14
Abstract: 327,979. Pollak, J. E., (Wiegand, W. 13., and Venuto, L. J.). Jan. 14, 1929. Indiarubber compositions containing carbon black.-Carbon black and other finely powdered materials for use in rubber manufacture are converted into readily frangible non-dusting agglomerates by treatment with two liquids simultaneously or in sequence, both liquids being non- solvent for the material and the first liquid being substantially immiscible with the second liquid which has a greater affinity or wetting power for the material than the first liquid, the agglomerates of the second liquid and the material which are produced being separated and the liquid removed therefrom. Carbon black can be obtained in pellet form by mixing it with water to form a thin paste with most of the occluded gases driven out. Petrol is then added and the whole mass thoroughly agitated. The carbon black floats on top of the water in pellet form and is removed, for example by filtering or decanting, and may then be dried, to remove petrol and any moisture present, in an oven or a recovery apparatus. In an example, 5 parts by weight of carbon black, 40-80 parts of water and 7-9 parts of petrol are employed, the mixing being continued for about 5 minutes, pellets of fairly uniform size and about <1>/16 ins. in diameter resulting. The pellets are easily reduced by slight pressure to soft minute particles and require. about half the storage space as the original powder. The size and hardness of the pellets can be controlled by varying the thickness of the paste, the amount and quality of the petrol used and the addition of it in bulk or a little at a time. Larger pellets are obtained by using more petrol and slower agitation. Different kinds or grades of carbon black may be made into pellets of different sizes to facilitate, identification. In the agitation and separation any grit present separates to the bottom, the carbon black being thus purified. Other material e.g. accelerators, softeners and anti-oxidants for use in the rubber industry may be uniformly distributed through the carbon black without loss of dispersibility during this process. Hexamethylene tetramine and various water-soluble xanthates may. for example, be added to the water used, and such substances as diphenylguanidine, thiocarbanilide, various amine oleates or stearates or anti-oxidants such as hydroquinone, resorcinol or naphthylamine may be added to the petrol, or other water-insoluble liquid up to the limit of their solubilities. Liquids such as benzol, toluol, xylol, chloroform, carbon tetrachloride, turpentine, or carbon disulphide may be used in place of petrol. Where the liquids have a higher specific gravity than water, the pellets will sink to the bottom. The treatment may be stopped before the pellets are formed, a flaky or BuBy product resulting. The flake form may also be produced by incorporating the black in water and immersing therein a porous material wetted with the petrol or other liquid, for example a rotating porous cylinder to the inside of which petrol is supplied, the carbon black being continuously scraped off the cylinder. The flakes may also be produced by crushing the pellets, for example between rolls, before the petrol or other liquid is evaporated therefrom. The pellets or flakes may be crushed and pressed into blocks without loss of dispersibility. Lamp black, gas black and like carbon substances suitable for use as pigments or fillers may be treated by the process. Other fine powders the uses of which depend upon their dispersibility may also be treated. For example, zinc and titanium oxides, precipitated magnesium carbonate, barium sulphate, and certain talcs, and clays which are difficult to disperse in rubber or oil because of absorbed air and tendency to fly as dust can be obtained in denser form, benzol preferably replacing petrol in the treatment of magnesium carbonate and zinc oxide.