baber/WOPTO huggingface dataset:
Patent GB-1021830-A (GB)
Title: Improvements relating to the heat treatment of liquids with steam
IPC: A23C3/037
Filed: 1963-04-23
Abstract: 1,021,830. Indicating specific gravity. ALPURA A. G. April 23, 1963 [April 25, 1962], No. 16048/63. Heading G1S. [Also in Division A2] In a method for the pasteurisation or sterilisation of milk, fruit juices and liquid pharmaceutical products, involving passing the liquid through first and second preheating stages, bringing the liquid directly together with steam to heat the liquid, cooling the liquid by reducing its pressure and passing at least some of the waste vapour evolved by the liquid during pressure reduction to the first preheating stage to heat the incoming liquid, the rate at which waste vapour is passed to the first preheating stage is continuously controlled to produce a desired preheat temperature of the liquid, and heating medium is supplied from an independent source to the second preheater at a rate and temperature which are constant for long periods of time. It is stated that deviations in the preheat temperature are thus controlled out very rapidly because variations in the rate at which waste vapour is passed to the first preheating stage act upon the expansion pressure to which the liquid is reduced during cooling in such a way as to promote the required correction. Milk is passed through a first preheater 3, a second preheater 5 and, having attained a temperature t 3 , passes through a steam-injector 7 wherein the milk is heated to a temperature t 4  of 150‹C; the injector incorporates a measuring unit 9, a controlling unit 10 and a regulating valve 11 so that the heating temperature t 4  is maintained constant. The milk is cooled immediately in an expansion chamber 12 kept under reduced pressure by an injector condenser 17 to a temperature t 5  and leaves the apparatus through a pipe 15. The waste vapours evolved by the liquid during the pressure reduction are supplied through a pipe 18 to the preheater 3 of the first preheating stage; the preheater 5 is independently heated by steam or hot water. The preheat temperature t 3  is controlled by a unit 28 which delivers a signal through line 29 for opening or closing a valve 36 in the pipe 18. The desired value of t 3  may be adjusted by a unit 32 in accordance with a previously calculated pattern in dependence upon variations in the expansion temperature t 5 . In the case of milk, it is preferred that the final specific weight equal the initial specific weight. The valve arrangement 41, 43, Fig. 2, may replace the single valve 36 of Fig. 1.
Patent GB-749049-A (GB)
Title: Improvements relating to self-projected missiles
Inventor: LIGHTBODY ALEXANDER
IPC: F02K9/76
Filed: 1951-07-06
Abstract: 749,049. Self-propelled missiles. ARMSTRONG WHITWORTH AIRCRAFT, Ltd., Sir W. G. May 6. 1952 [July 6, 1951], No. 16058/51. Class 9(2) A self-propelled missile 20 (Fig. 3) has attached to it a number of boost motors which are secured at the front end by arcuate members.24 releasably attached by catches, e.g. the toggles 29, to an adjacent arcuate member to form a continuous ring slidable on to the front end of the missile and keyed by the portion 42, the catches opening when there is a rearward movement of the boost motors, which motors are attached at the rear by the rings 47 (Fig. 11) and the hooking means 54 and 55 (Fig. 13) sliding into the members 52 and 53. As the thrust of the boost motors dies, the hooks 54 and 55 slide to the rear and are stopped by the member 60, any movement in a forward direction being prevented by the operation of the spring- loaded plunger 62. The boost motors then pivot on their tails away from the missile, a spacing strut on each member 46 bearing on the missile during this movement. Specification 751,840 is referred to.
Patent GB-591275-A (GB)
Title: Improvements in or relating to light filters
IPC: G03C1/83
Filed: 1944-08-23
Abstract: 591,275. Colour filters. DUFAYCHROMEX, Ltd., GLUCK, B., and :13ARA.i\l%, H. C. Aug. 23, 1944, Nos. 16101 /44 and 7443/45. [Classes 97 (i) and 98 (ii)] A filter absorbing ultra-violet rays includes a transparent film, e.g. of gelatine or cellulose acetate incorporating a substance having the general formula R1-CH=N-N =CH-R2 where R1, R2 are both substituted or unsubstituted aromatic, both unsubstituted hererocyclic, aromatic and unsubstituted heterocyclic or aliphatic and aromatic respectively. Suitable substances comprise benzaldazine, substituted in the benzene ring or rings by a hydroxyl group (or the ammonium, sodium and potassium salts) in the m- or p-position to the aldazine chain, or by methoxy or ethoxy groups in the o-, m- or p-positions. Examples are benzalfurfuraldazine, furfuraldazine, benzalacetaldazine, p,p <1>-dihydroxy benzaldazine, p,p<1>-dimethoxy benzaldazine or p,p<1>-diethoxy benzaldazine. The filter may be used in laminated glass for spectacles or goggles comprising a plastic coated with one of the above substances, as a filter layer for colour films, or in conjunction with infra-red fliters in the manufacture of welders' filters or as wrapping material. Specifications' 551,473 and 551,474 are referred to.
Patent GB-255435-A (GB)
Title: Improvements in publicity devices
IPC: G09F19/00
Filed: 1926-06-26
Abstract: 255,435. Pillion, N. L. July 17, 1925, [Convention date]. Reciprocating and oscillating machines; solenoids.-Mechanism for imparting intermittent unidirectional motion to a drum or band advertising device comprises a solenoid 1 having on its inner face a helical groove 4 in which rides a pin 3 fixed to the core 2. On top of the core 2 rests a magnetic head 7 guided by a cylindrical ccpper spindle 8 in the core 2 and by a square non- magnetic rod 9 in a shaft 10, which carries a platform 5. A mercury make- and-break 19, 20 is provided so that when the core 2 reaches the bottom of its stroke and the circuit is made, it rises with a helical motion and by magnetism imparts the same rotary motion to the head 7 and the platform 5. When the circuit is broken, the core 2 falls helically, but the head 7 falls vertically owing to its demagnetization. An oscillating mercury switch may be used to prolong magnetic contact between the core 2 and the head 7 and prevent over-running of the platform 5. A dash-pot is provided to cushion the drop and time the strokes of the core, and consists of a bell 18 attached to the core and dipping in sealing liquid. A valve 16 admits air during rise of the bell 18 and an adjustable valve 17 controls escape of the air when the core 2 and bell 18 descend.
Patent GB-775519-A (GB)
Title: Improvements in carburetters for internal combustion engines
IPC: F02M1/10
Filed: 1955-06-06
Abstract: 775,519. Carburetters. GENERAL MOTORS CORPORATION. June 6, 1955 [June 23, 1954], No. 16159/55. Class 7 (3). The choke valve is automatically and jointly operable by a device adapted to be responsive to engine intake suction but to be ineffective after a predetermined initial degree of opening of the choke valve is effected and by a temperature responsive device adapted to permit a further degree of opening of the choke valve after and at a rate slower than the initial opening and a final degree of opening at a rate higher than the slower rate. The suction posterior to the throttle valve is communicated through a passage 98 to the cylinder 96. The passage communicates with the cylinder by means of an orifice 100 of rectangular triangular or other shape. The choke valve cannot open very far before the orifice is completely blocked by the piston. The piston is slightly loose in the cylinder and when the piston reaches the dotted line A the area of the orifice 100 not covered by the piston 94 is very little greater than the leakage space so that air can enter the cylinder at almost the same rate as it is withdrawn therefrom through the passage 98. The choke valve will be moved to this position almost immediately after the engine starts. Heated air passing through the housing 78 progressively heats the bimetallic strip 86 the choke valve being moved to its open position. This movement will be relatively slow until the choke valve reaches a predetermined open position when the rate of movement will be considerably increased. To effect this increased rate of movement the piston 94 is cut away as indicated at 110 the cut away portion being brought into register with the orifice 100 when the choke valve is 55 degrees open at which position the suction communicated to the housing 78 is much increased and much larger quantities of heated air are drawn through the housing 78. The desired mixture ratio for acceleration must be effected by an accelerator pump. A sleeve 62 has a passage therethrough for idling fuel. The fuel ultimately reaches the passage 64 which supplies fuel to the idling fuel supply inlets (not shown) for delivering fuel adjacent the edge of the throttle valve.
Patent GB-1189092-A (GB)
Title: An improved Propeller Hub
IPC: B64C11/06
Filed: 1968-04-04
Abstract: 1,189,092. Propellers. UNITED AIRCRAFT CORP. 4 April, 1968 [17 April, 1967], No. 16202/68. Heading B7V. [Also in Division F2] A propeller has a device for sealing a propeller hub socket which device comprises a valve structure and means opening and closing the valve structure in response to insertion and removal of the blade to and from the socket respectively. In Fig. 1 a blade 16 is supported by balls 28 in socket 14 of hub 10, the ball bearing being sealed at the outer end. A plate 44 is located by curved extensions 46 fitting into a groove 48 in the hub. A further plate 38 has a sealing ring 62 and a domed portion 50 containing a spring 54 which biases plates 38, 44 apart so that ring 62 seals against bevel 42 on the blade. When the blade is pressed inwardly against the bias of spring 54 plate 38 contacts plate 44 and the balls may be removed from holes (not shown) in the hub. The propeller is then withdrawn, and spring 54 moves plate 38 outwardly until ring 62 engages a raceway 32 to seal the pitch changing mechanism. This mechanism includes a pin (18, Fig. 2, not shown) on the blade which fits into a sleeve 64, 66 connected to plate 38 and carrying a roller 20 which engages a yoke of an hydraulically operated piston 24.
Patent GB-1378679-A (GB)
Title: Overrunning clutch for use in an automotive automatic power trans mission
IPC: F16D41/066
Filed: 1972-04-07
Abstract: 1378679 Ratchet clutches NISSAN MOTOR CO Ltd 7 April 1972 [20 Aug 1971 23 Aug 1971] 16223/72 Heading F2C An overrunning clutch has wedging rollers 22 between inner 16 and outer 12 races, the outer race 12 (or the inner) has at least three projections 14 extending to the other race for centring and there are at least two camming surfaces 20 between the projections, end thrust is taken, from a drum 32 of an automatic transmission fixed to the inner race, by rollers 58 bearing on a thrust-plate 55 recessed into the outer race.
Patent GB-1214403-A (GB)
Title: New basic dyestuffs containing etherified hydroxylamino groups and processes for their manufacture and use
IPC: C09B1/32
Filed: 1968-04-04
Abstract: 1,214,403. Etherified hydroxylamino compounds. CIBA Ltd. 4 April, 1968 [4 April, 1967], No. 16264/68. Heading C2C. [Also in Divisions C4-C5] N - Methyl - N - 2 - (N<SP>1</SP> - phenyl - N<SP>1</SP> - ethyl)- amino-ethylmethoxyamine is prepared by reacting N-ethyl-N-2-hydroxyethylaniline toluenesulphonic acid ester with N-methyl-N-methoxyamine. N - (4 - aminobenzoylmethyl)- N.N - dimethyl- N-butoxy-ammonium chloride is prepared by condensing 4 - acetylamino - alpha - chloroacetophenone with N,N-dimethyl-N-butoxyamine followed by hydrolysis of the acetylamino group to amino. 4 - Aminobenzoic acid - 2<SP>1 </SP>- (N - methyl - N- methoxy-amino)-ethyl ester is prepared by reacting 4-nitrobenzoyl-chloride with N-(2-hydroxyethyl)-N-methyl-methoxyamine followed by catalytic reduction of the nitro group. N,N - dimethyl - N - 2 - (N<SP>1</SP> - # - cyanoethyl- N<SP>1</SP> - phenyl) - aminoethyl - N - benzyloxyammonium p-toluenesulphonate is prepared by condensing N - # - cyanoethyl - N - p - toluenesulphonyloxy - ethylaniline with N,N - dimethyl-N-benzyloxyamine; nitrosation and reduction of the above compound yields N,N dimethyl - N - 2 - (N<SP>1</SP> - # - cyanoethyl - N<SP>1</SP> - paminophenyl) - aminoethyl - N - benzyloxy ammonium p-toluene-sulphonate. N - methyl - N - 2 - [N<SP>1</SP> - ethyl - N<SP>1</SP> - (4<SP>1</SP> -formyl- 3<SP>1</SP> - methylphenyl)] - aminoethyl - methoxyamine is prepared by reacting N-methyl-N-2-(N<SP>1</SP>- ethyl - N<SP>1</SP> - 31 - tolyl) - aminoethyl - methoxyamine with a mixture of phosphorus oxychloride and dimethylformamide. N - # - cyanoethyl - N - p - toluenesulphonyloxyethylaniline is prepared by acylating the corresponding hydroxy compound with p-toluenesulphonyl chloride.
Patent GB-697389-A (GB)
Title: Improvements in aerial and like supports
Inventor: STRAFFORD FREDERICK RICHMOND W
IPC: H01Q1/12
Filed: 1952-06-27
Abstract: 697,389. Clip brackets. BELLING & LEE, Ltd. June 27, 1952, No. 16287/52. Class 52(v) [Also in Groups I and XL(c)] In aerial and like supports for mounting on existing structures such as chimney stacks, of the kind comprising a bracket shaped to fit a part of the structure and from which bracket one or more tensioned cables extend around the structure to hold the bracket in position, a cable tensioning means includes a rotary shaft to which the cable may be fixed, the shaft. being adapted to be rotated by a large leverage to wind the cables on to the shaft and locking means to lock the shaft against rotation when tension has been applied to the cable. A form of bracket for supporting an aerial rod or mast on the corner of a chimney stack has bolted clamps 5, 6 for gripping the rod or mast and two wire strainers, one for each end of a wire going round the stack and by which the bracket is positioned on the stack. Each strainer consists of a frame 8 carrying a rotatable shaft 11, through a slot 20 in which the wire is passed and around which the wire is wound to strain it. A ratchet wheel 13 is formed integrally with the shaft and co-operates with a gravity actuated sliding pawl 16 to prevent unwinding of the wire. The shaft has a hexagonal end by which it is rotated and the pawl is locked after the wire is strained by a bolt 15 screwed into the frame 8. In a modification, the pawl is omitted and the ratchet wheel is replaced by a wheel having a plurality of holes through one of which a bolt inserted through an aperture in the side of the frame can be positioned. In both constructions one side of the frame is slotted and the other recessed so that the shaft and wheel can be positioned; axial movement in use is prevented by the tension of the wire.
Patent GB-687777-A (GB)
Title: Improvements in or relating to tube-bending machines
IPC: B21D9/07
Filed: 1949-06-20
Abstract: 687,777. Bending tubes. HILMOR, Ltd., and HAWES, J. H. June 20, 1950 [June 20, 1949], No. 16313/49. Class 83(iv). A tube bending machine comprises the combination with a former 15 and sweep arm 21 which are pivoted for relative rotation, of a hydraulic ram 26 connected directly either to the sweep arm or to the former and operative to cause relative rotation between the sweep arm and the former. The ram 26 is supplied with pressure fluid from a hand pump 30 and spring retracted. The former is held against rotation on the pivot pin 14 by a pin 16 and the tube 20 is located on the former by a stop 25 held by a pin 29. The sweep arm roller 24 is mounted on a pin 19 which together with the pin 29 may be placed in different holes 18, 32, respectively, to provide for bends of different diameters. For bends of 180 degrees or more the tube is bent in stages being clipped to the former by a clip 40, Fig. 3, held in position by the pin 16. A pointer 33 rotatably mounted on the pin 14 assists in making similar bends in a number of tubes, the pointer being adjusted to a mark on the sweep arm when the first bend has been correctly obtained by trial and error. In a modification, Fig. 4, a tube 45 is clipped to a former rotated by a ram 43 about a pivot pin 47 and bent by a roller 48 mounted for rotation on a bench.
Patent GB-256585-A (GB)
Title: Improvements in or relating to gun carriages
IPC: F41A23/32
Filed: 1926-06-29
Abstract: 256,585. Bethlehem Steel Co., (Assignees of Froelich, C. H.). Aug. 8, 1925, [Convention date]. Field carriages.-Relates to carriages having divided trail beams 17, Fig. 2, turning on the ends of a cross-bar 16 supporting the base 24 for the top carriage, the front ends of the beams having sleeves 12 rocking and sliding on the wheel axle 11 to permit of spreading the beams on uneven ground when firing and collapsing them when travelling. According to the invention, the cross-bar 16 is rockingly mounted on a spindle 15 on the base 24 preferably with limited sliding movement, and the ends of the cross-bar are connected to the trail beams by swivel joints 21, Fig. 5, which can slide vertically in the beams against the action of springs x to suit uneven ground. The front ends of the trail beams are pivoted at 18 to the sleeves 12, the sliding movement of which on the axle is limited by stops 13, 14.
Patent GB-612667-A (GB)
Title: Improvements in or relating to methods of alcoholysis of low grade fatty materials
IPC: C11C3/04
Filed: 1946-05-29
Abstract: Low-grade fatty materials containing at least 5 per cent by weight of free fatty acid, for example dark coloured fatty oils, fats and greases, renderer's tallow and grease and kitchen waste grease, are subjected to alcoholysis with an alcohol having up to 3 carbon atoms in the molecule, the reaction being commenced in the presence of an acid alcoholysis catalyst and, when the free fatty acid content of the materials has been reduced to below 3 per cent by weight, continued in the presence of an alkaline alcoholysis catalyst. Thereupon, the reaction mixture is stratified, a layer containing crude alkyl esters of fatty acids is separated and the esters distilled off.  Suitable acid alcoholysis catalysts are sulphuric, phosphoric and hydrochloric acids, sulphonic acids such as toluene sulphonic acid and camphor sulphonic acids, and metallic salts, while suitable alkaline alcoholysis catalysts are alkali metal alcoholates and caustic alkalis.  The alcoholate may be prepared in situ from alkali metal and alcohol.  Details of the recovery of alkyl esters, glycerol, unreacted alcohol, saponifiable materials and unsaponifiables are given and it is stated that the alkyl esters may be hydrogenated to improve their stability.  In the examples, crude grease is reacted with methanol first in the presence of sulphuric acid and then in the presence of sodium methylate (produced by adding metallic sodium to the reaction mixture) or potassium carbonate.ALSO:Low grade fatty materials containing at least 5 per cent by weight of free fatty acid, for example dark coloured fatty oils, fats and greases, renderers tallow and grease and kitchen waste grease, are subjected to alcoholysis with an alcohol having up to 3 carbon atoms in the molecule, the reaction being commenced in the presence of an acid alcoholysis catalyst and, when the free fatty acid content of the materials has been reduced to below 3 per cent by weight, continued in the presence of an alkaline alcoholysis catalyst.  Thereupon, the reaction mixture is stratified, a layer containing crude alkyl esters of fatty acids is separated and the esters distilled off.  Suitable acid alcoholysis catalysts are sulphuric, phosphoric and hydrochloric acids, sulphonic acids such as toluene sulphonic acid and camphor sulphonic acids, and metallic salts, while suitable alkaline alcoholysis catalysts are alkali metal alcoholates and caustic alkalis.  The alcoholate may be prepared in situ from alkali metal and alcohol.  Details of the recovery of alkyl esters, glycerol, unreacted alcohol, saponifiable materials and unsaponifiables are given and it is stated that the alkyl esters may be hydrogenated to improve their stability.  In the examples, crude grease is reacted with methanol first in the presence of sulphuric acid and then in the presence of sodium methylate (provided by adding metallic sodium to the reaction mixture) or potassium carbonate.
Patent GB-862671-A (GB)
Title: Artificial sausage casings and method of producing same
IPC: B29C48/10
Filed: 1958-05-21
Abstract: 862,671. Artificial sausage casings. WOLFF & CO. KOMM.-GES. AUF AKTIEN. May 21, 1958 [July 13, 1957], No.16389/58. Class 2(2). Artificial sausage casings consist wholly or partly of symplexes with heteropolar linkage of alginic acid with water-soluble bases having a high molecular weight consisting of (1) polymerisation products of ethylene imine, (2) condensation products of epichlorhydrin and ethylene diamine or (3) hydroxyethyl polyglucosamine or (3) hydroxyethyl polyglucosamine (obtained by condensing polyglucosamine from natural sources with ethylene oxide) and/or (4) water-soluble polyampholytes consisting of natural polyampholytes or carboxymethyl polyglucosamine or carboxymethyl polyethylene imine, in proportions sufficient to reduce to a point at which it is substantially negligible ion exchange between metallic ions of the casing and sodium ions present in the sausage meat, brine or other substances with which the casing will come into contact when in use. The hydrogen atoms of the carboxyl groups of alginic acid not built into the heteropolar symplexes may be wholly or partly replaced by other ions, particularly calcium. The casings may be produced by adding the water-soluble base to an aqueous solution of an alginate of such concentration as to have a viscosity suitable for its extrusion, and extruding the solution through an annular die into an aqueous coagulating bath to form a tube of a water-insoluble alginate. In an example, 0À5 % to 1 % of polyethylene imine is added to an aqueous sodium alginate solution and the solution is extruded through an annular die into a 15 % aqueous solution of calcium chloride having a pH of 1-3. The thus formed casing may be treated with 1-2 N hydrochloric acid or a calcium hydroxide or calcium acetate solution. In a second example, tubular casing is similarly produced from a sodium alginate solution to which has been added 5-50% of hydroxyethyl polyglucosamine obtained by deacetylation of chitin followed by treatment with ethylene oxide. In a third example, 1-5% of a carboxymethyl polyethylene imine of isoelectric point pH 8 is added to a sodium alginate solution of pH 9 and the solution is extruded.