Patent GB-824277-A (GB)
Title: Oil-in-water emulsions for use in the decorating of textiles
IPC: D06P1/44
Filed: 1956-01-20
Abstract: An oil-in-water emulsion for use in textile-decorating comprises water having emulsified therein a binder comprising 18-35% by weight of an organic solvent-soluble amino-aldehyde resin, a fatty acid ester resin and a synthetic elastomer.  The emulsion may be pigmented to form a colour concentrate or printing paste or may be pigment-free for use as an extender for colour concentrates.  The composition may include catalysts for curing the organic solvent-soluble aminoplast. Small amounts of water-soluble aminoplasts may also be added to sensitize and accelerate the action of the catalysts.  Catalysts mentioned are tartaric, glycollic, lactic, benzoic, sulphuric, nitric and formic acids, preferably in the form of their ammonium or morpholine salts, and ammonium or morpholine salts of alkyl sulphates or aryl or alkaryl sulphonates, which also act as pigment-dispersing or emulsifying agents.  The organic solvent-soluble aminoplast may be alcohol-modified condensates of aldehydes with urea or melamine or aldehyde condensates of alkylated urea or melamine.  A number of commercially available products (mostly in xylol-butanol solution) is listed.  The fatty acid ester resins are unsaturated fatty acid (preferably drying oil acid) modified alkyd resins, styrenated fatty acid modified alkyds and styrenated oils.  Particularly suitable are maleic anhydride modified pentaerythritol esters of unsaturated fatty acids, and fatty acid esters of bis-phenol-epichlorhydrin condensates, which may, if desired, be styrenated.  The compositions of five suitable resins dissolved in mineral spirits are given. Xylol may be used in place of mineral spirits if the organic solvent soluble aminoplast is not miscible with mineral spirits.  Names of some commercially available fatty acid ester resins are given in the Specification.  Suitable synthetic elastomers are butadiene-acrylonitrile and/or styrene copolymers; polyvinyl chloride; vinyl chloride-vinyl acetate copolymers; polyisobutylene; polychloroprene; polymers and copolymers of vinylidene chloride. They may be used as latices or as oil-in-water emulsions of solutions of the elastomers.  The names of some commercially available products are given.  The Specification also includes long lists of pigments suitable for use in those compositions which are pigmented, of pigment dispersing agents, of emulsifying agents and of protective colloids.  Examples are given of binder emulsions, unpigmented extender emulsions and printing pastes, both according to the invention and without embodying the feature of the invention, and comparative prints are made which indicate that, after the same amount of drying and curing, e.g. in an acid ager or vat ager, prints prepared with the high proportion of organic solvent soluble aminoplast which characterizes the compositions of the invention have better resistance to abrasive laundering.  Example XI describes a padding liquor according to the invention applied to an 80 X 80 cotton fabric, which is dried at 200 DEG  F. and cured by heating for 3 minutes at 300 DEG  F.  Reference has been directed by the Comptroller to Specifications 774,078, 774,079, 774,080, 789,534, 790,477 and 792,466, [both in Group IV (a)].ALSO:An oil-in-water emulsion for use in textile-decorating comprises water having emulsified therein a binder comprising 18-35% by weight of an organic solvent soluble amino-aldehyde resin, a fatty acid ester resin and a synthetic elastomer.  The emulsion may be pigmented to form colour concentrates or printing pastes or may be pigment-free for use as extenders for colour concentrates.  The composition may include catalysts for curing the organic solvent soluble aminoplast.  Small amounts of water-soluble aminoplasts may also be added to sensitize and accelerate the action of the catalysts.  Catalysts mentioned are tartaric, glycollic, lactic, benzoic, sulphuric, nitric and formic acids, preferably in the form of their ammonium or morpholine salts, and ammonium or morpholine salts of alkyl sulphates or aryl or alkaryl sulphonates which also act as pigment dispersing or emulsifying agents.  The organic solvent soluble aminoplast may be alcohol modified condensates of aldehydes with urea or melamine or aldehyde condensate of alkylated or etherified urea or melamine. A number of commercially available products (mostly in xylol-butanol solution) is listed.  The fatty acid ester resins are unsaturated fatty acid (preferably drying oil acid) modified alkyd resins, styrenated fatty acid modified alkyds and styrenated oils. Particularly suitable are maleic anhydride modified pentaerythritol esters of unsaturated fatty acids, and fatty acid esters of bis-phenol-epichlorhydrin condensates, which may if desired be styrenated.  The compositions of five suitable resins dissolved in mineral spirits are given.  Xylol may be used in place of mineral spirits if the organic solvent soluble aminoplast is not miscible with mineral spirits.  Names of some commercially available fatty and ester resins are given in the Specification. p  Suitable synthetic elastomers are butadiene-acrylonitrile and/or styrene copolymers; polyvinyl chloride; vinyl chloride-vinyl acetate copolymers; polyisobutylene; polychloroprene; polymers and copolymers of vinylidene chloride.  They may be used as latices or as oil-in-water emulsions of solutions of the elastomers.  The names of some commercially available products are given.  The Specification also includes long lists of pigments suitable for use in those compositions which are pigmented, of pigment dispersing agents, of emulsifying agents and of protective colloids.  Examples are given of binder emulsions, unpigmented extender emulsions and printing pastes both according to the invention and without embodying the feature of the invention; and comparative prints are made which indicate that after the same amount of drying and curing, e.g. in an acid ager or vat ager prints prepared with the high proportion of organic solvent soluble aminoplast which characterizes the composition of the invention have better resistance to abrasion laundering.  Example XI describes a padding liquor according to the invention applied to an 80X80 cotton fabric, dried at 200 DEG  F. and cured by heating for 3 minutes at 300 DEG  F.  Reference has been directed by the Comptroller to Specifications 774,078, 774,079, [Group IV (c)], 774,080, 789,534, 790,477 and 792,466.