Patent GB-1188652-A (GB)
Title: Improvements in or relating to an Epicyclic Change-Speed Gearing
Inventor: WICKMAN AXEL CHARLES
IPC: F16H3/78
Filed: 1966-07-29
Abstract: 1,188,652. Variable-speed epicyclic gear. A. C. WICKMAN. 14 June, 1967 [29 July, 1966], No. 34062/66. Heading F2D. A vehicle transmission giving six forward speeds and reverse comprises a pair of threeelement epicyclic gear units B on an input shaft 20 carrying cone-type clutch-brake units 35, 36 and 55, 74, and driving the final shaft 116 through an intermediate shaft 23 carrying an epicyclic unit C controlled by a cone clutchbrake 97 and a band brake 127. Gear arrangement.-The first planetary unit consists of a sun-wheel 42 and annulus 26 meshed by planets 43, while the second unit consists of a sun-wheel 51 and an annulus 55 forming one member of the clutch-brake unit 55, 74, and planets 47 of the same size as planets 43, both sets being mounted on pins 45 of a carrier 48, 49. The drive unit C consists of axially spaced sun-wheels 109, 121 meshed by stepped planets 108, 111 engaging an annulus 107. The planet carrier 115 is integral with the final drive shaft 116.  Hydraulic control system.-The clutch-brake member 36 is controlled by a piston 61 in a cylinder 60, member 74 by a piston 70 in cylinder 69, and member 97 by a piston 87 in opposed cylinders 86, 93. Band brake 127 is controlled by a piston in cylinder 144. Pressure liquid in the various servo cylinders is controlled by a selector valve 138, Fig. 2, actuated by a manual gear lever 136, each cylinder having an associated valve comprising a ball element 152 loaded by a spring 154 and a sleeve 151 with axial and transverse passages 161, 162 by which the cylinder is normally connected to exhaust. Movement of valve 138 first results in axial displacement of the sleeve 151 into contact with the ball member 152 to close the connection to exhaust and then in lifting of the ball against spring 154 to place the cylinder in communication with the pressure liquid supplied by a pump 29 through a relief valve 158. A ball detent 141 holds valve 138 in its adjusted position. Operation.-For sixth gear (overdrive) cylinder 60 is pressurized to engage cone members 35, 36 so that planet carrier 48, 49 becomes the driving member for gear unit B and cylinder 69 is pressurized whereby cone member 74 is held against brake member 81 to hold sun-wheel 51 so that the second sun-wheel 52 and shaft 23 are driven at overdrive ratio. The gear unit C is looked for direct drive by pressurizing cylinder 86 to engage cone member 97 with annulus 107. Fifth gear (direct drive) is obtained by pressurizing cylinders 60, 86 only. Fourth gear (underdrive) results from pressurizing cylinder 86 so that unit C operates with direct drive, the planet carrier 48, 49 of unit B rotating at the same speed as annulus 55 for reduced ratio drive. Third gear is obtained by pressurizing cylinders 60, 69 to operate unit B at overdrive ratio (as for sixth) and pressurizing cylinder 93 so that cone member 97 is moved to the left to engage brake 104 to hold sungear 109 and operate unit C at reduced ratio. Second gear results from pressurizing cylinders 60, 93 so that unit B operates with direct drive, unit C remaining at reduced ratio. First gear is obtained by operating unit B at reduced ratio (as for fourth) with unit C also at reduced ratio. For reverse gear cylinder 144 is pressurized to operate band brake 127 and hold annulus 107 so that unit C operates at reverse reduced ratio, unit B operating at reduced ratio as for fourth gear, or any other suitable ratio. The corresponding gear elements of unit B are preferably identical and the reduction ratio afforded by unit C is preferably the cube of that of unit B so that the ratios of adjacent gears are substantially equal. The arrangement of the overdrive and underdrive units B forms the subject-matter of Specification 1,188,653.