baber/WOPTO huggingface dataset:
Patent ES-2133254-T3 (ES)
Inventor: KOCH BERNHARD
IPC: G09F9/30
Filed: 1998-07-09
Granted: 2005-04-01
Abstract: The method involves supplying weighing data from a weighing machine to a control appliance. The control device provides the individual symbols according to a pattern generated by it for presentation on a display. A control signal can be fed to the control appliance to change the form in which the weighing data is presented. The change in form can be at least an increase in the size of the symbols. The enlarged symbols can occupy the whole of the display area not occupied by other displayed data
Patent ES-2241092-T3 (ES)
Title: Procedimiento para la deteccion de la desviacion de la forma de una superficie de una forma dada mediante tratamiento con una red neuronal artificial.
Inventor: MICHAELIS BERND PROF DR-ING
IPC: G01B21/30
Filed: 1998-12-02
Granted: 2005-10-16
Abstract: SIRVIENDOSE DE PROCEDIMIENTOS DE MEDIDA OPTICOS O MECANICOS SE PUEDE VERIFICAR LA CALIDAD DE LAS PIEZAS. EN EL CASO MAS SENCILLO, SE MIDE PRIMERO UNA PIEZA MAESTRA. LA MANIFESTACION RELATIVA A LA CALIDAD DE LA PIEZA QUE SE TRATA DE MEDIR PUEDE HACERSE ENTONCES MEDIANTE COMPARACION (FORMACION DE LA DIFERENCIA) CON LA PIEZA MAESTRA. SE MIDE EL OBJETO QUE SE TRATA DE MEDIR. LOS VALORES MEDIDOS SE INTRODUCEN EN UNA MEMORIA ASOCIATIVA MODIFICADA (RED NEURONAL ARTIFICIAL) Y SE RECUPERAN A LA SALIDA (RECALL). EN LA PONDERACION DE LA MEMORIA ASOCIATIVA MODIFICADA ESTAN MEMORIZADAS UNA O VARIAS PIEZAS MAESTRAS EN DIFERENTES POSICIONES Y SITUACIONES. DE ESTA MANERA SE ABARCA LA TOTALIDAD DE LA ANCHURA DE BANDA DE LAS POSIBLES VARIACIONES DE LAS PIEZAS MAESTRAS. A LA SALIDA DE LA MEMORIA ASOCIATIVA MODIFICADA QUEDAN SOLAMENTE AQUELLAS PARTES DE LOS DATOS DE MEDICION QUE CORRESPONDAN A LAS PIEZAS MAESTRAS MEMORIZADAS. LOS DEFECTOS ES DECIR LAS DESVIACIONES RESPECTO A ESTAS PIEZAS MAESTRAS, NO SE RETRANSMITEN. DESPUES DE FORMAR LA DIFERENCIA ENTRE LA PIEZA MEDIDA Y EL RESULTADO DE LA RECUPERACION QUEDAN SOLO LOS ERRORES BUSCADOS. ESTOS SE PUEDEN EVALUAR ENTONCES APLICANDO PROCEDIMIENTOS ESTANDAR DE TRATAMIENTO DE IMAGEN.
Patent ES-2268750-T3 (ES)
Title: Estructura de contacto movil para un disyuntor.
Inventor: FERREE JAMES E
IPC: H01H77/10
Filed: 1998-12-08
Granted: 2007-03-16
Abstract: SE EXPONE UN DISYUNTOR CIRCUITAL (10) QUE TIENE UNA CARCASA (12). LA BARRA TRANSVERSAL (114) ESTA CONECTADA PIVOTALMENTE A LA CARCASA PARA PIVOTAR ALREDEDOR DE UN EJE (117) ENTRE LAS POSICIONES DE ABIERTO Y CERRADO. EL BRAZO DE CONTACTO DE LA CARGA (110) ESTA CONECTADO PIVOTALMENTE A LA BARRA TRANSVERSAL (114). EL BRAZO DE CONTACTO DE LA CARGA (110) ES CAPAZ DE PIVOTAR ALREDEDOR DEL EJE (117). UN MECANISMO DE LEVA (140) ESTA ACOPLADO MECANICAMENTE AL BRAZO DE CONTACTO DE LA CARGA (110). EL MECANISMO DE LEVA (140) ESTA MONTADO EN FORMA DESLIZANTE DENTRO DE LA BARRA TRANSVERSAL (114) PARA MOVERSE ENTRE UNA PRIMERA Y SEGUNDA POSICIONES. EN LA PRIMERA POSICION DEL MECANISMO DE LEVA (140), EL BRAZO DE CONTACTO DE LA CARGA (110) PIVOTA A TRAVES DE UN ANGULO ( BE ) ALREDEDOR DEL EJE, CON RESPECTO A LA BARRA TRANSVERSAL (114) ENTRE LAS POSICIONES DE "TACTO" Y DE CERRADO, Y EN DONDE EL BRAZO DE CONTACTO DE LA CARGA (110) PIVOTA CONJUNTAMENTE CON LA BARRA TRANSVERSAL (114) A TRAVES DE UN ANGULO ( AL) ALREDEDOR DEL EJE (117) ENTRE LAS POSICIONES DE ABIERTO Y DE "TACTO". EN LA SEGUNDA POSICION DEL MECANISMO DE LEVA (140), EL BRAZO DE CONTACTO DE LA CARGA (110) ESTA LIBRE PARA PODER PIVOTAR ALREDEDOR DEL EJE (117) A TRAVES DEL ANGULO AL A LA POSICION DE ABIERTO, MIENTRAS QUE LA BARRA TRANSVERSAL (114) SE ENCUENTRA EN LA POSICION DE CERRADO. EL MUELLE DE PRESION (160) APLICA UNA FUERZA DE PRESION PARA PRESIONAR EL MECANISMO DE LEVA (140) HACIA LA PRIMERA POSICION.
Patent ES-2262209-T3 (ES)
Title: Conector sobremoldeado mejorado y metodo para su fabricacion.
Inventor: WELLINSKY WAYNE T
IPC: H01R43/00
Filed: 1998-06-12
Granted: 2006-11-16
Abstract: Conector eléctrico que incluye unos contactos (24) de conector eléctrico y unos cables móviles (28) conductores flexibles y además incluye: un inserto de molde reducido (10) formado como estructura unitaria, comprendiendo dicho inserto de molde reducido (10): - unos medios de soporte de los contactos definidos por una sección (12) de soporte de los contactos para recibir y alinear de manera fija los contactos (24) del conector eléctrico; y - unos medios de anclaje de los cables definidos por una sección (14) de anclaje de los cables mantenida en alineación fija con los medios de soporte de los contactos, comprendiendo dicha sección de anclaje de los cables un miembro sustancialmente plano y comprendiendo dichos medios de anclaje de los cables al menos un eje (22a) fijado a la sección de anclaje de los cables, que se extiende de manera sustancialmente perpendicular a la misma, enrollándose los cables móviles (28) conductores flexibles alrededor del eje (22a), que es al menos uno, de tal modoque dichos cables móviles (28) quedan sustancialmente fijados a los medios de anclaje de los cables, y un cuerpo exterior del conector sustancialmente aislante que encapsula los contactos eléctricos (24), los cables móviles (28), los medios de soporte de los contactos y los medios de anclaje de los cables.
Patent ES-2168737-T3 (ES)
Title: Inhibidores de la oxido nitrico sintasa.
Inventor: BEAMS RICHARD MANSFIELD
IPC: C07C323/59
Filed: 1998-01-09
Granted: 2002-06-16
Abstract: LA PRESENTE INVENCION SE REFIERE A NUEVOS COMPUESTOS AMIDINO DE FORMULA (I), A UN PROCEDIMIENTO DE FABRICACION DE LOS MISMOS, A COMPOSICIONES FARMACEUTICAS QUE LOS CONTIENEN, Y A SU UTILIZACION EN TERAPIA, ESPECIALMENTE A SU UTILIZACION COMO INHIBIDORES SELECTIVOS DE LA OXIDO NITRICO SINTETASA INDUCIBLE.
Patent ES-2216287-T3 (ES)
Title: Dispositivo para la fijacion de placas de fachada.
Inventor: LIND STEFAN
IPC: E04F13/08
Filed: 1998-04-22
Granted: 2004-10-16
Abstract: La invención se refiere a un dispositivo (10) para fijar losas de fachada (14) a una pared (16) utilizando una viga atravesada (12) sobre la cual se pueden suspender las losas de fachada (14). Con el fin de que la viga transversal sea estable, la mencionada viga transversal se configura como una sección hueca cerrada. Esto permite fijar al muro (16) pesadas losas de fachada (14). La invención también se refiere a vigas verticales (32) para soportar las mencionadas vigas transversales (12). Las vigas verticales se colocan a una distancia de la pared (16) y comprende varillas de longitud ajustable (42) que se unen de forma que puedan pivotar a las vigas verticales del muro (16). Con este fin, la varilla individual (42) forma un cojinete libre (4) y dos varillas (42) formando un ángulo una con otra forma un cojinete fijo (38). Al montar la viga transversal (12) sobre el muro (16), puede conseguirse una alineación vertical sencilla con una sencilla compensación de las superficies del muro desiguales. Una ventaja adicional es que las varillas (42) no ejercen ningún momento adicional sobre los montajes del muro.
Patent ES-2170503-T3 (ES)
Inventor: SAMOUR CARLOS M
IPC: A61P15/00
Filed: 1998-06-15
Granted: 2002-08-01
Abstract: A composition for the topical transdermal administration to the penis is based on prostaglandin E1. The composition is non-irritating and effective for relieving erectile impotence or other penile erectile dysfunction. A penetration enhancing effective amount of a dioxolane, dioxane, or acetal skin penetration enhancing compound in a pharmaceutically acceptable aqueous alcoholic carrier is used to facilitate the penetration of the prostaglandin E1 active ingredient through the skin. Phentolamine or prazosin may be used in combination with prostaglandin E1.
Patent ES-2227885-T3 (ES)
Inventor: SEAGER HARRY
IPC: A61K9/48
Filed: 1998-10-27
Granted: 2005-04-01
Abstract: An oral vaccine is disclosed in which the vaccine composition and an adjuvant are carried on a fast-dispersing dosage form. The vaccines are targeted towards mucosal tissue, and the adjuvant serves to ensure sufficient residence time for the vaccine composition on the mucosal tissue to facilitate its absorption thereby.
Patent ES-2227893-T3 (ES)
Inventor: NAKAZATO ATSURO
IPC: C07D215/54
Filed: 1998-12-03
Granted: 2005-04-01
Abstract: A 1,2-dihydro-2-oxoquinoline derivative represented by the formula:   <CHEM> wherein Ar is a pyridyl group or a group represented by the formula:   <CHEM> (wherein X<3> and X<4> are the same or different, and are each a hydrogen atom, a halogen atom, a C1-5 alkyl group, a C1-5 alkoxy group, a hydroxyl group or a trifluoromethyl group), Y is a nitrogen atom, CH or C(OH), R<1> and R<2> are the same or different, and are each a hydrogen atom, a C1-10 alkyl group, a C3-15 alkoxyalkyl group or a C3-15 alkylaminoalkyl group, or R<1> and R<2> taken together with the nitrogen atom to which they are attached form a cyclic amino group, X<1> and X<2> are the same or different, and are each a hydrogen atom, a C1-5 alkyl group, a C1-5 alkoxy group or a halogen atom, or X<1> and X<2> taken together form an alkylenedioxy group, and n is an integer of 1 to 3; or a pharmaceutically acceptable salt thereof.
Patent ES-2220015-T3 (ES)
Title: Circuito de excitacion con proteccion de sobretension para celulas de pixels.
Inventor: BORG MATTHEW M
IPC: H03K17/08
Filed: 1999-11-30
Granted: 2004-12-01
Abstract: Un aparato de circuito integrado que comprende: un circuito (149) de sobretensión que es capaz de funcionar en un nivel dado (VDD) de tensión de alimentación y que produce una señal (RSS) de sobretensión que es de magnitud mayor que dicho nivel de tensión de alimentación; y un circuito (151) de puerta electrónica que deja pasar controlablemente dicha señal de sobretensión usando un elemento interruptor (175, 176), en el que están dispuestos medios (D1, 186) que habilitan una tensión (DRVB) de polarización en dicho circuito de puerta electrónica para flotar selectivamente con respecto a dicha señal de sobretensión a fin de proporcionar protección contra sobretensión para dicho elemento interruptor en dicho circuito de puerta electrónica.
Patent ES-2313773-T3 (ES)
Inventor: EMANUEL MICHAEL
IPC: B60R11/04
Filed: 1999-10-08
Granted: 2009-03-01
Abstract: A mounting and control system for a sensor module of a driver viewer enhancement system located external of a vehicle. The mounting and control system including a tube for supporting the sensor module and that is interconnected to a sleeve bearing by a ball and socket joint that provides for the limited pivotal adjustment of the module about a horizontal axis. The sleeve bearing is support by a mounting block, which provides for rotational adjustment of the sensor module about a vertical axis. The sleeve bearing has an inner hollow region having rectangular and trapezoidal cross-sectional configurations that extend within two vertical perpendicular planes. The tube is free to pivot within the sleeve bearing in the plane including the trapezoidal cross-section only, thereby providing for elevational adjustment of the sensor module. The tube is restricted to rotation within the plane including the trapezoidal cross-section by a pin fixed to the sleeve bearing for slidably engaging a ball portion of the ball and socket joint. <IMAGE>
Patent ES-2247769-T3 (ES)
Inventor: BADILLET JEAN
IPC: E05B47/00
Filed: 1999-10-29
Granted: 2006-03-01
Abstract: The door (10) is held in the closed position by a lock (16). The lock release and its control cables (33,37), along with cabling for bell (42), intercom (40) and access keypad (20), are fitted inside rectangular section trunking (28) placed vertically alongside the door architrave. The trunking extends to the ceiling and to the skirting, allowing cables to enter from above or below.
Patent ES-2193680-T3 (ES)
Inventor: SCHLUSEMANN THOMAS
IPC: B62D21/15
Filed: 1999-10-06
Granted: 2003-11-01
Abstract: The device has an insert (6) with a first end side (10) fastened at an angle to the longitudinal side of a profiled component (3), and a second end side (11) coupled to an impact surface (9) on the component. The impact surface projects from the end face (14) of the component by an amount (a), so that a force impacting on the surface displaces a collision component (12) in direction of the force. This causes a turning movement of the insert about a point within the profiled component, and local bending of the component at the point by a an angle value.
Patent ES-2301241-T3 (ES)
Inventor: EGOROV ANDREJ Y DR
IPC: A61K39/12
Filed: 1999-06-11
Granted: 2008-06-16
Abstract: The present invention relates to genetically engineered attenuated viruses and methods for their production. In particular, the present invention relates to engineering live attenuated viruses which contain a modified NS gene segment. Recombinant DNA techniques can be utilized to engineer site specific mutations into one or more noncoding regions of the viral genome which result in the down-regulation of one or more viral genes. Alternatively, recombinant DNA techniques can be used to engineer a mutation, including but not limited to an insertion, deletion, or substitution of an amino acid residue(s) or an epitope(s) into a coding region of the viral genome so that altered or chimeric viral proteins are expressed by the engineered virus.
Patent ES-2207274-T3 (ES)
Title: Composiciones comprimidas que contienen goma de xantano clarificada.
Inventor: DIXEY MAUREEN
IPC: A61K47/36
Filed: 1999-07-28
Granted: 2004-05-16
Abstract: Una composición farmacéutica sólida de liberación sostenida destinada a liberar un ingrediente farmacológicamente activo lentamente después de la ingestión en el interior del cuerpo a medida que la composición avanza a lo largo del tracto gastrointestinal que comprende una mezcla comprimida de dicho ingrediente farmacológicamente activo y un excipiente de liberación sostenida que comprende goma de xantano, caracterizada porque la composición comprende del 10 al 25 % en peso del excipiente de liberación sostenida y porque la goma de xantano es capaz de disolverse en agua a una concentración de 1 parte en peso de goma de xantano por 100 partes en peso de agua para formar una solución que presenta una transmitancia (600 nm) mayor que el 50 %.
Patent ES-2226427-T3 (ES)
Inventor: JUNG S LEE
IPC: C07F7/10
Filed: 1999-08-25
Granted: 2005-03-16
Abstract: The present invention provides compounds of the formula: wherein m is 0, 1 or 2; p is 0 or 1; Y is O, S, S(O) or S(O)<SUB>2 </SUB>and R<SUP>1 </SUP>to R<SUP>7 </SUP>are various substituents as selective modulators of the nicotinic acetylcholine receptor useful in the treatment of pain, Alzheimer's disease, memory loss or dementia or loss of motor function.
Patent ES-2249921-T3 (ES)
Inventor: BALACHANDRAN KRISHNA
IPC: H04W28/06
Filed: 1999-11-03
Granted: 2006-04-01
Abstract: A system and method is provided for communicating in a wireless communication system which supports link adaptation or link adaptation and incremental redundancy. The invention provides link adaptation at multiple code rate by dividing fixed length RLC blocks into coded sub-blocks. CRC code may be appended to the RLC blocks for error detection. The sub-blocks are then grouped into transmission units for transmission. The number of sub-blocks in each group is varied to provide multiple code rates. Headers are used to identify the transmission units being transmitted. In the case of retransmission, the transmission units may be expressly identified through extended headers. One or more of the originally transmitted sub-blocks are dropped and replaced by the extended headers in the retransmission. Accordingly, the present invention provides for a retransmission code rate which may be different from the code rate at which the transmission units were originally transmitted.
Patent ES-2245833-T3 (ES)
Inventor: VAN BRUGGEN NICHOLAS
IPC: A61K38/00
Filed: 1999-12-09
Granted: 2006-01-16
Abstract: The present invention provides vascular endothelial cell growth factor (VEGF) antagonists and methods of using VEGF antagonists. VEGF antagonists contemplated by the invention include VEGF antibodies and VEGF receptor fusion proteins. Methods of treating edema and stroke using VEGF antagonists are also provided.
Patent PL-1570948-T3 (PL)
Title: Monitoring wear by transponder destruction
Inventor: MENKE LUCAS
IPC: B23Q11/04
Filed: 2004-03-03
Abstract: The unit comprising the sensor system can be a condensing device for the debris remaining after the cleaning of waste water working with a worm element moving inside a cylindrical housing and compressing the material in a pressure chamber. The worm element is provided with several recesses (34a, 34b) of different depths distributed along its surface, each accommodating a transponder unit. At a particular stage of wear and tear the units are destroyed consecutively sending the appropriate signal to the evaluating unit.
Patent PL-1714631-T3 (PL)
Title: Disposable baby bottle
Inventor: SCHLUMPF ULRICH
IPC: B65D1/02
Filed: 2005-04-19
Abstract: The opening (16) is connected with the sucking unit (3) and the intermediate element (13). The foldable container is made of flexible and fluid dense material. The container is folded along its longitudinal axis. The fold areas pass spiral around the longitudinal axis of the container. The container is connected with the intermediate element by a fixing ring (15). The sucking unit consists of stable ring area and flexible central area with liquid discharge opening. The retaining element (6) surrounds the baby bottle and consists of finger like element and lax. Independent claims are included for: (1) an arrangement for an one-way baby bottle; (2) intermediate element for baby bottle; and (3) kit for forming an one-way baby bottle.
Patent PL-1703902-T3 (PL)
Title: Memantine for the treatment of mild-to-moderate alzheimer's disease
Inventor: MCDONALD SCOTT
IPC: A61P25/28
Filed: 2005-01-05
Abstract: The present invention provides a method for the treatment, prevention, or delay of progression of mild, or mild-to-moderate Alzheimer's disease, by administering an effective dose of memantine. The present invention also provides a method for preventing the decrease in glucose metabolism in the cortical and sub-cortical regions of the brain in subjects with mild, or mild-to-moderate Alzheimer's disease.
Patent PL-1760153-T3 (PL)
Title: Adenovirus/alphavirus hybrid vector for the effective administration and expression of therapeutic genes in tumour cells
Inventor: QIAN CHENG
IPC: A61K38/20
Filed: 2005-05-18
Abstract: The present invention relates to a genic expression adenoviral hybrid vector  characterized in that  it contains at least the following elements, oriented in the direction 5' to 3': i. a first chain of adenoviral origin comprising a first inverted terminal repeat (ITR) sequence and a signal sequence for packaging of the adenovirus; ii. a first non-encoding stuffer sequence; iii. a sequence corresponding to a tissue specific promoter; iv. a chain of cDNA derived from an alphavirus, the sequence of which is partly complementary to an alphaviral RNA sequence, comprising at least a sequence encoding for at least one exogenous gene of interest; v. a polyadenylation sequence; and vi. a second adenoviral inverted terminal repeat (ITR) sequence, it preferably relates to an adenoviral hybrid vector comprising as exogenous gene of interest the therapeutic gene of mammalian interleukin IL-12 and even more preferably human interleukin hIL-12; and to the use of the hybrid vector in a process for transferring genetic material to a cell, particularly a tumor cell that preferably expresses alpha-fetoprotein (AFP), and to its use for inducing an immune response against foreign antigens.
Patent PL-1896664-T3 (PL)
Title: Excavator demolition attachment with interchangeable jaw assemblies
Inventor: CHRISTENSON ROSS D
IPC: E02F3/36
Filed: 2005-07-29
Abstract: A heavy-duty demolition apparatus for attachment to the boom structure of an excavator, the apparatus having interchangeable jaw sets. The apparatus includes a unitary jaw assembly, having a pair of pivoting jaws connected by a main pivot pin; a first adaptor on the boom structure; a second adaptor on the jaw assembly, the second adaptor engaging the first adaptor, so that the jaw assembly can be easily removed as a unit from the boom structure and another jaw assembly installed on the boom structure; and a lock pin fixed to the first adapter and engaging the second adapter to maintain the jaw assembly in locked relationship to the boom structure. Because of the structure of the apparatus, the distance between the attachment point of the hydraulic ram on the boom structure and the main pivot point of the jaw assembly can be varied between interchangeable jaw assemblies.
Patent PL-1927626-T3 (PL)
Title: Multimodal polyethylene resin for pipe made by a single-site catalyst
Inventor: Palmlöf Magnus
IPC: C08L23/02
Filed: 2006-12-01
Abstract: The present invention relates to a polyethylene composition comprising a polyethylene base resin, which comprises 
a. an ethylene copolymer as fraction (A), and 
b. an ethylene homo- or copolymer as fraction (B), 
with fraction (A) having a lower molecular weight than fraction (B), wherein the polyethylene base resin is obtainable in a polymerisation process in which a single-site catalyst (SSC) is used in the polymerisation of at least one of fractions (A) and (B), and the base resin has 
(i) a density of below 940 kg/m 3 , and 
(ii) a MFR 2  at 190 °C / 2.16 kg of 0.001 to 10 g/10 min, 
and the composition has 
(iii) a flexural modulus of from 300 to 820 MPa, and 
to a process for the production of such a composition, and to a pipe produced from such a composition.
Patent PL-1717964-T3 (PL)
Title: Power regulation feedback to optimize robustness of wireless transmissions
Inventor: GINGGEN ALEC
IPC: H04B5/02
Filed: 2006-04-26
Abstract: A wireless communication system with power regulation feedback for improving the robustness of wireless communication transmissions between a receiver and an active emitter irrespective of the distance separation therebetween. The receiver receives wireless communications and detects a voltage induced therein. A feedback loop provides wireless transmission of power regulation feedback based on the detected voltage. The active emitter generates a power regulated data signal in which at least one of maximum and minimum bit voltage levels of respective logical high and low bits is adjusted based on the induced voltage received via the feedback loop. The RF power level, modulation index, and/or slew rate of a data signal emitted from the active emitter is regulated by adjusting at least one of maximum and minimum bit voltage levels of respective logical high and low bits based on voltage induced in the receiver during a previous communication from the active emitter.
Patent PL-1851319-T3 (PL)
Title: Vectors, cell lines and their use in obtaining extended episomal maintenance replication of hybrid plasmids and expression of gene products
Inventor: SILLA TOOMAS
IPC: C12N15/86
Filed: 2006-02-13
Abstract: This disclosure shows that the BPV-1 E2 protein-dependent minichromosome maintenance element (MME) comprised of E2 multimeric binding sites can provide the stable maintenance replication function to the mouse polyomavirus (PyV) core origin plasmids in the presence of BPV-1 E2 protein and PyV large T-antigen (LT). MME dependent plasmids are lost with the frequency of 6% per generation. Significantly long stable maintenance replication can also be provided without selection pressure. We also demonstrate that PyV core origin maintenance function/replication activation could be provided by Epstein-Barr virus Family of repeats and EBNA1 protein. The maintenance of the Polyomavirus core origin plasmid was characterized by 13% loss of the plasmid during one cell generation in the case of EBV FR harboring plasmids. Our data clearly indicate that maintenance functions from different viruses can provide segregation/partitioning function to different heterologous origins in variety of cells and can be used in expression of gene products.