Patent GB-748397-A (GB)
Title: Process for improving bituminous materials
IPC: C10C3/02
Filed: 1952-08-13
Abstract: In a process for manufacturing soluble and fusible bituminous compositions a bituminous raw material is treated with methylol phenols before, simultaneously with or after treatment with ketones having from two to six methylol groups at 100-350 DEG  C. till the reaction is terminated and a homogeneous product is formed. Bituminous raw materials mentioned include crude mineral oil distillation residues, natural bitumens and their mixtures with rosin, distillation residues such as rosin pitch, stearin pitch or tar residues.  The methylol ketones are prepared by reacting one molecule of a ketone with two or more molecules of formaldehyde in the presence of an alkaline catalyst.  Ketones mentioned are acetone, butanone, acetone oils, cyclohexanone, methylcyclohexanone, an acetone-methyl cyclohexanone mixture, alkenones and aromatic ketones. The bituminous raw material may be mixed, before the condensation with the methylol ketone, with a tricyclic carboxylic acid type natural resin, e.g. colophony. Paraffin wax may be added to insulating compositions.  The bituminous material may be treated prior to or after processing by any of the usual methods, e.g. air blowing, oxidation, sulphurization or distillation.  When rosin is present the product may be neutralized with zinc oxide or di- or trivalent metal hydroxides, e.g. calcium hydroxide or esterified, e.g. with glycerol.  The condensation may be accelerated with alkaline catalysts, e.g. calcium hydroxide or zinc or lead oxides. In an example a methylol ketone, prepared by condensing formaldehyde with acetone and butanone in the presence of lime hydrate, neutralizing the product with sulphuric acid, filtering and concentrating the product, is added to a heated mixture of petroleum bitumen, rosin and lime hydrate and the heating is continued until the condensation is complete when dimethylol cresol, obtained by reacting cresol and formalin in the presence of an alkaline catalyst, is added and the mixture is again heated until the condensation is completed.ALSO:In a process for manufacturing soluble and fusible bituminous compositions a bituminous raw material is treated with ketones having from two to six methylol groups at 100-350 DEG  C. till the reaction is terminated and a homogeneous product is formed. Bituminous raw materials mentioned include crude mineral oil distillation residues, natural bitumens and their mixtures with rosin, distillation residues such as rosin pitch, stearin pitch and tar residues.  The starting material methylol ketones are prepared by reacting one molecule of a ketone with two or more molecules of formaldehyde in the presence of an alkaline catalyst. Ketones mentioned are acetone, butanone, acetone oils, cyclohexanone, methylcyclohexanone, an acetone-methyl cyclohexanone mixture, alkenones and aromatic ketones.  The bituminous raw material may be mixed, before the condensation with the methylol ketone, with a tricyclic carboxylic acid type natural resin, e.g. colophony.  The use of colophony is especially advisable when methylol ketones derived from low molecular weight ketones, e.g. acetone or butanone are employed. Paraffin wax may be added to insulating compositions. The bituminous material may be treated with methylol phenols before, simultaneously with or after the condensation with the methylol ketones and may be treated prior to or after the processing by any of the usual methods, e.g. air blowing, oxidation, sulphurization or distillation.  When rosin is present the product may be neutralized with zinc oxide or di- or trivalent metal hydroxides, e.g. calcium hydroxide or esterified, e.g. with glycerol.  The condensation may be accelerated with alkaline catalysts, e.g. calcium hydroxide or zinc or lead oxides.  In an example a methylol ketone, prepared by condensing formaldehyde with acetone and butanone in the presence of lime hydrate, neutralizing the product with sulphuric acid, filtering and concentrating the product, is added to a heated mixture of petroleum bitumen, rosin and lime hydrate and the heating is continued until the condensation is complete when dimethylol cresol, obtained by reacting cresol and formalin in the presence of an alkaline catalyst is gradually added and the mixture is again heated until the condensation is completed.ALSO:Soluble and fusible compositions are obtained when a bituminous raw material is treated with ketones having from two to six methylol groups at 100-350 DEG C. till the reaction is terminated and a homogenous product is formed. Bituminous raw materials specified include natural bitumens and their mixtures with rosin, distillation residues such as rosin-pitch, stearin-pitch and tar residues.  The starting material methylol ketones are prepared by reacting a ketone, e.g. acetone, butanone, acetone oils, cyclohexanone, methylcyclohexanone, an acetone-methylcyclohexanone mixture, an alkenone or an aromatic ketone, with formaldehyde (see Group IV(b)).  The bituminous raw material may be mixed before the condensation with the methylol ketone, with a tricyclic carboxylic acid type natural resin, e.g. colophony.  Paraffin wax may be added to insulating compositions. The bituminous material may be treated with methylol phenols before, simultaneously with or after the condensation with the methylol ketones and may be treated prior to or after the processing by any of the usual methods, e.g. air blowing, oxidation, sulphurisation or distillation.  When rosin is present the product may be esterified, e.g. with glycerol, or neutralized.  In an example a methylol ketone prepared by the condensation of formaldehyde with acetone and butanone is added to a heated mixture of petroleum bitumen, rosin and lime and when condensation is complete dimethylol cresol (see Group IV(a)) is added and the heating is continued until the condensation is completed.