baber/WOPTO huggingface dataset:
Patent GB-969523-A (GB)
Title: Catalyst and process for hydrogenation of esters, acids, acetals and aldehydes
IPC: C07C29/141
Filed: 1961-06-19
Abstract: Aldehydes, acetals, carboxylic acids and esters are reduced to alcohols by high-pressure hydrogenation in presence of a catalyst, comprising an oxide of cobalt, iron or nickel mixed with an oxide of an alkaline earth metal, made by thermal decarboxylation of co-precipitated dicarboxylates of these metals. In examples, hydrogen at 200 DEG C. and 250 atmospheres is used to reduce, in presence of a cobalt-magnesium catalyst, (1) isobutyl isobutyrate, (2) butyl 2-ethylhexanoate, (3) 2-ethylhexenic aldehyde, (4) stearic acid, (5) a mixture of aldehydes, acids and esters, by-products of hydroformylation of propylene, (6) ethyl acetate. The compounds to be reduced are added with the catalyst, or a suspension of the catalyst in e.g. isobutanol, to a stainless steel autoclave and hydrogenation continued until acid number, hydroxyl number or saponification number reach the desired value. ALSO: A hydrogenation catalyst comprising an oxide of cobalt, iron or nickel mixed with an oxide of an alkaline earth metal, e.g. magnesium, is made by adding a solution of a dicarboxylic acid or salt to a solution of salts of the metals so that dicarboxylic acid salts of the metals are co-precipitated, and subjecting the coprecipitated salts to thermal decarboxylation.  The dicarboxylic acid may be, e.g., adipic, succinic, oxalic, tartaric or phthalic acid, and thermal decarboxylation of the metals salts may be carried out at 300-700  DEG C. in an inert gas, e.g. air, nitrogen, carbon dioxide or methane.  The catalyst particles have specific surface at least 50,000 sq.cm./g. and average particle diameter less than 5m. In one embodiment, ammonium oxalate solution is added to a solution of cobalt and magnesium nitrates, to precipitate a mixture, in the molecular ratio of 10 : 1 to 1 : 2 of cobalt and magnesium oxalates. The catalyst is used for the high pressure hydrogenation to alcohols, of aldehydes, acetals, acids and esters obtained as by-products in the hydroformylation of olefins (see Division C2).
Patent GB-517388-A (GB)
Title: Improvements relating to fountain pens
IPC: B43K23/12
Filed: 1938-07-26
Abstract: 517,388. Fountain pens. WADE, E. E. S. July 26, 1938, No. 22169. [Class 146 (iii)] The cap 5 of a. fountain pen is provided with an internal sleeve member 9 of resilient material adapted to enclose the nib 3 and feedbar and to form an air-tight and ink-tight joint with the end of the nib-section. The member may be secured to the closed end of the cap 5 or to the plug 7 which serves to secure the pocket clip/in place. The sleeve is preferably spaced from the walls of the cap as by a fin or projection 13 moulded thereon, and the external surface may be corrugated. A metal strengthening sleeve, somewhat shorter than the resilient sleeve, may be inserted therein. The sleeve is made of rubber, or synthetic rubber.
Patent GB-1059024-A (GB)
Title: Improvements in equipment for the automatic analysis of data
Inventor: THOMAS DAVID LLEWELYN
IPC: H04M3/36
Filed: 1963-06-04
Abstract: 1,059,024. Counting apparatus. BRITISH TELECOMMUNICATIONS RESEARCH Ltd. July 22, 1964 [June 4, 1963], No. 22211/63. Heading G4D. [Also in Division H4] Data for a histogram of the values taken up by a variable is obtained by transferring each value in turn to a register, comparing the contents of the register in turn with a sequence of values stored in (for example) a track of a magnetic drum, and when coincidence is found adding one to a counter associated with that value. The application described is to the duration of telephone calls; when a call is established on a subscriber's line (SL, Fig. 2, not shown) pulses (PS) are enabled by a unit (LE) to increase the count in the corresponding sector of a first track (T1) of a magnetic drum by one after each elapsed 5 seconds. When the call is terminated the count is read out to register (BS) and compared with the sequence of numbers 1-64 stored in sectors of a second track (T2) by a comparator (C), and when agreement is found the stored count in the corresponding sector of a third track (T3) is increased by one.
Patent GB-225618-A (GB)
Title: Improvements in machines for applying adhesive tapes to boxes, packages and other articles
IPC: B65B51/06
Filed: 1923-09-04
Abstract: 225,618. MacLaurin, J. Sept. 4, 1923. Tape, affixing.-A device for applying adhesive tape to boxes, packages &c. is provided with rollers running over the tape to press it down, means for feeding the tape to the rollers, and means for cutting the tape. In the form described, the rollers are heated electrically to melt the adhesive. The rollers 3, 4 are mounted on a carriage 2 impelled by means of a handle 5 and carrying at its front plates 7, 8 forming a guide for the tape S. To feed the tape to the rollers there is provided a U-shaped lever 25 carrying a pivoted dog 35 and a block 38 which pass through slots in the plates 8, 7 and grip the tape S, so that when the lever 25 is depressed bythe handle 27 the tape is fed to the rollers 3. A dog 42 mounted on the carriage 2 prevents the tape from being retracted as the lever 25 returns to its normal position. Extensions 28 of the lever 25 are connected by links 29 with a sliding blade 20 having a V-shaped edge coacting with a fixed blade 19 to sever the tape. The rollers 3, 4 are provided with electric resistances 49, Fig. 4, wound on insulating cylinders 48 and enclosed in metal shells 50. The end of the resistances 40 are connected to insulated plates 52, 52<1> on which bear brushes 53, 53<1> connected to terminals 62, 62<1> at the near of the carriage 4.
Patent GB-357691-A (GB)
Title: Improvements in and relating to electric fuses
IPC: H01H85/30
Filed: 1930-07-24
Abstract: 357,691. Fusible cut-outs. COX, C. W., 15, Hargreaves Road, Sefton Park, Liverpool. July 24, 1930, Nos. 22296/30 and 24/31. [Class 38 (i).] The carrier A for an enclosed-type fuse C is provided with a thermometer D lying in a groove a<5> in the body of the carrier the handle a2 being slotted so that the reading of the thermometer may be visible from the front, an indication being thus given of any undue heating, due to faulty contact or overload, and of failure of the fuse by the falling of the temperature to that of the air. The thermometer may be graduated approximately in amperes. The bulb may protrude through an aperture in the carrier body as shown in Fig. 14 so as to lie in contact with the cylindrical parts bl which bear the contact spigots B or blades B<1>, or in contact with a spring b<5> secured to the ring bl. The rings b<1> with their contacts B or B<1>, which may extend laterally as shown or axially, are capable of a slight angular movement to make the contacts self aligning. The cartridge fuse described comprises end contact plates c<2>, Fig. 7, insulating ends c<1> and body C, a copper &c. liner c<5> which may. be gauze, and a fusible element F which may comprise two copper strips united by solder f<1> at the centre. The body C may be of metal instead of insulating material with metal liner. Specification 344,892 is referred to.
Patent GB-1448162-A (GB)
Title: Piezoelectric materials
IPC: C04B35/49
Filed: 1974-05-20
Abstract: 1448162 Ferroelectric compositions MATSUSHITA ELECTRIC INDUSTRIAL CO Ltd 20 May 1974 [18 May 1973] 22335/74 Heading C1J [Also in Division H1] A ferroelectric ceramic composition comprises a solid solution represented by: where the ranges of x, y, z are: 0À01#x#0À25; 0#y#0À75; 0#z#0À875; x+y+z=1; and further containing cobalt equivalent to 0À1 to 3% by weight of CoO. The Specification gives a list of examples and specifies the more desirable compositions. These have high mechanical Q and good temperature stability. A method of manufacture is described in which the milled oxides are calcined at 850 C., wet-milled, slip-cast, sintered and machined to form discs 1 mm. thick which are electroded and polarized by application of 4 KV/mm. at 100 C.
Patent GB-376051-A (GB)
Title: Improvements in pedestals for lavatory basins and the like
IPC: E03C1/32
Filed: 1931-08-07
Abstract: 376,051. Lavatory basins &c. DONALD, P. G., 225, Upper Thames Street, London. Aug. 7, 1931, No. 22386. [Class 26.] In order to permit of nesting a number of pedestals for lavatory basins &c., and also to facilitate fitting the pipe-joints &c., the pedestal is hollow and is provided with a longitudinal opening situated at the back and extending completely down the length thereof, the sides 1 being inclined inwardly and upwardly to form a taper. The cross section of the pedestal is substantially rectangular; the base 2 may consist of an outwardly extending portion comprising a series of steps, the lowermost of which terminates in a horizontal flange or a vertical portion, whilst the upper surface 3 is flat or otherwise formed to engage the underside of the basin &c.
Patent GB-1282977-A (GB)
Title: Turbine seal assembly
IPC: F01D11/02
Filed: 1970-05-08
Abstract: 1282977 Labyrinth seals CATERPILLAR TRACTOR CO 8 May 1970 [23 May 1969] 22393/70 Heading F2B A seal assembly 31 for the shaft 14 in a turbocharger housing comprises two axiallyaligned annular radially-opposed grooves 33, 34, one of which serves as a restraining groove for limited axial movement of a split seal ring which has a radial thickness less than the combined radial depth of the two grooves, and means, such as a thrust bearing (36), Fig. 2 (not shown), disposed further along the shaft, to limit relative axial movement between the housing and shaft for maintaining axial spacing between the ring and both axial sides of the other groove. The groove 34 in the shaft is made wider axially than the groove 33 and the groove 33 is formed partly by a housing 17 and partly by a heat shield 22 adjacent the turbine chamber 12 to permit installation of the ring which seats resiliently on the bottom of the groove.
Patent GB-303136-A (GB)
Title: Process for the esterification of cellulose
IPC: C08B3/02
Filed: 1928-08-03
Abstract: 303,136. Ruth-Aldo Co., Inc., (Assignees of Barthelemy, H. L.). Dec. 30, 1927, [Convention date]. Cellulose carboxylates.-Cellulose carboxylates or nitrocarboxylates are prepared by esterifying cellulose in the presence of hydrofluoric acid, either as an aqueous solution or preferably dissolved in glacial acetic acid, as the catalyst. With the catalyst there may be used a small proportion of an oxidizing-agent or of nitric acid. In carrying out the process, the cellulose may be added to a mixture of acetic acid, acetic anhydride, and the catalyst. with or without a non-solvent such as benzene or carbon tetrachloride; or the cellulose may be first. mixed with acetic acid and then immersed in acetic anhydride containing the catalyst with or without the non-solvents; or the cellulose may be subjected to treatments with a mixture of acetic acid and the catalyst, the anhydride being subsequently added either all at once or in portions with or without the non-solvents; or the cellulose may be partly esterified by treatment with a mixture containing acetic acid and the catalyst together with a small proportion of anhydride, or with a succession of such baths, the remainder of the anhydride being subsequently added; or the cellulose may be added to the acetic anhydride and acetic acid, and the catalyst afterwards added either in one or several additions. The acetates obtained are characterized by their freedom from silica. Specifications 282,789 and 303,098 are referred to. The Specification as open to inspection under Sect. 91 (3) (a) referred also to the use of formic acid or monochloracetic anhydride, instead of acetic anhydride and to Specification 282,788. This subject-matter and reference de not appear in the Specification as accepted.
Patent GB-599803-A (GB)
Title: An improved manufacture of copolymers of aliphatic hydrocarbons
IPC: B29C48/15
Filed: 1944-11-14
Abstract: A thin self-supporting sheet is obtained by copolymerizing an aromatic mono-olefin with a C4-C8 iso-olefin in a weight ratio of 35-75 per cent and 65-25 per cent respectively, at a temperature between -65 DEG  C. and -103 DEG  C. in the presence of a Friedel-Crafts catalyst, to form a solid body of copolymer, and then forming a thin self-supporting sheet from the solid copolymer. Styrene, indene or a terpene may be used as the aromatic mono-olefin. Isobutylene, isopentene (methyl-2-butene-1), or a pentene obtained by dehydration of secondary amyl alcohol may be used as the iso-olefin. The copolymer may be made by mixing the reactants with or without a mutual solvent and then after cooling to the required low temperature adding a Friedel-Crafts halide catalyst such as boron fluoride, aluminium chloride, titanium tetrachloride, aluminium ethoxide-chloride complex, aluminium bromideoxybromide, or similar compound.  The catalyst may be dissolved in carbon disulphide, methyl chloride or other solvent.  At the end of the reaction, residual catalyst is destroyed with isopropyl or other alcohol and the product is washed.  In making films, the polymer is preferably heated to its softening point, kneaded and passed through hot rolls.  It is preferably drawn out by passage through cold or warm tentering rolls. Films may be made by a single pass of the hot kneaded or milled polymer through cold rollers, or by spreading the molten polymer on a travelling metal belt, or by an extrusion method, or by pressing the mass between metal sheets, or by slicing from blocks of the polymer. The polymer may be mixed with dyes, or light-absorbing substances such as quinine or aesculin to give protection from ultra-violet light.  It may be mixed with high molecular weight polybutene, isobutyleneisoprene copolymers, isobutylene-polyolefine copolymers, isobutylene-polyolefine-styrene copolymers, sulphurized alkylated phenols, paraffin wax, petrolatum, polymethyl pentadiene, polyethylene, rubber, cyclized rubber, or an aliphatic nitrile containing 12-18 carbon atoms.  Instead of using the copolymer of aliphatic olefine with polymerizable cyclic hydrocarbon as the sole or main film-forming substance, it may be used in a minor p proportion as a softener for a brittle polystyrene or similar polymer which cannot by itself be formed into a thin flexible, self-sustaining film.  The films may be used for photographic purposes, for insulating electrical apparatus, for making laminated glass sheets and for wrapping purposes.  In an example, a styrene-isobutylene polymer is obtained by copolymerization at -89 DEG  C. using methyl chloride as solvent and a 0.6 per cent solution of aluminium trichloride in methyl chloride as catalyst. The product was formed into a sheet by hot milling followed by cold rolling.
Patent GB-790977-A (GB)
Title: Wall construction for wooden houses
IPC: E04B2/70
Filed: 1956-07-20
Abstract: 790,977. Walls; carpenters joints. JEPPESEN, K. V. July 20, 1956, No. 22543/56. Classes 20(2) and 20(4) A wall for wooden houses comprises a plurality of planks 1, Fig. 1, superimposed edgewise, with each plank provided on an end surface with a dovetailed key 3, Fig. 2. engaging a correspondingly shaped notch 7 in the side of the planks 2 of an adjacent wall, which is also formed from a plurality of superimposed planks 2, the joints of the planks in one wall being vertically displaced relative to those of the adjacent wall. Each plank 1, 2. has a tongue 4 along one edge, and a groove 5 along the opposite edge; the tongue 4 being slit at 6. In assembling the walls a narrow plank 2a is employed in one wall to enable the joints to be staggered.
Patent GB-1284176-A (GB)
Title: Preparation of sulphur containing compounds
IPC: C07F9/02
Filed: 1970-05-11
Abstract: 1284176 Mercaptans; sulphides STAUFFER CHEMICAL CO 11 May 1970 [4 June 1969 13 Aug 1969] 22550/70 Heading C2C Mercaptans and sulphides are prepared by reacting H 2 S with olefinic compounds in the presence, as sole initiator, of a trivalent organic phosphorus compound of formula where X, Y and Z are each O or S, a, b and c are each 0 or 1 and R<SP>1</SP>, R<SP>11</SP> and R<SP>111</SP> are each C 1-20  hydrocarbyl at 50 to 200 C. The phosphorus compound may be formed in situ by reaction of phosphine with the olefin. The olefinic compound may be substituted with halogen, CN, carboxy, carboxylic ester, carbonyl, tertiary amino, sulphoxide, sulphone, hydroxy, ether, thioether or amide groups.
Patent GB-615153-A (GB)
Title: Improvements in or relating to inflators for pneumatic tyres
IPC: F04B33/00
Filed: 1946-07-30
Abstract: 615,153. Portable hand pumps. BIRMING. HAM SMALL ARMS CO., Ltd., and COMERY, P. D. July 30, 1946, No. 22603. [Class 8 (i)] An end cap 7 is secured to the barrel 1 of a tyre inflator by means of a spring strip 13 mounted in a channel in the end cap and so shaped that a part 14 of it projects and engages a recess 5 in the barrel 1. Relative rotation of the cap 7 and the barrel 1 depresses the spring 13 and frees the cap 7. Two spring clips are shown.
Patent GB-863044-A (GB)
Title: Pipe brackets
Inventor: CHAPMAN ARTHUR COLIN
IPC: F16L3/11
Filed: 1958-07-15
Abstract: 863,044. Pipe brackets. MATTHEW HALL & CO. Ltd. July 15, 1959 [July 15, 1958], No. 22686/58. Class 52(5). In a pipe bracket having a pipe securing clamp 13, the bracket is secured to a supporting surface by a screw 6 on like member passing through a hole in the base of an internally screw-threaded cup member 1. According to the Provisional Specification a solid stem is formed integrally with the clamp 13 and the screw-threaded end of the stem abuts screw 6.
Patent GB-990787-A (GB)
Title: Improved hydraulic control means for a mine roof support
Inventor: KENT CECIL
IPC: E21D23/00
Filed: 1960-06-29
Abstract: 990,787. Advancing mine roof supports. N. J. MUSCHAMP & CO. Ltd. June 23, 1961 [June 29, 1960], No. 22699/60. Heading F1P. [Also in Division F2] A valve arrangement, for control of hydraulic pit props of the "walking" type in which props are interconnected by a jack for advancement in turn and the props are extended and contracted in the required sequence, comprises a valve body 1, a manually rotatable multiple cam member 18a, and four spring-biased spool valve members 2, 3, 4, 5 operable by the cams which engage ball followers 10 on the valve members. The jack is connected to supply and return pipes 40, 41, whilst four props are connected to supply lines 24, 25, 26, 27. The device has six control positions. In the first position, a cam fall 21 allows spool 5 to move to the right whereby annular recesses 9a, 9b communicate with an exhaust duct 23c and the two props connected to pipes 24, 25 are contracted. In the second position a rise 19 moves spool 2 to the left, whereby pressure fluid from an inlet 22 flows via annular recesses 6b, 6a to the pipe 41 to extend the jack and advance these contracted props. In the third position a fall 21a allows spool 3 to move to the right whereby pressure from inlet 22 is communicated via annular recesses 7a, 7b, ducts 33, 35, shallow recesses 32, 34, and non-return valves 28i, to the pipes 24 to 27, whereby the two contracted props are re-extended and the other two maintained extended. In the fourth position, spool 4 moves to the right, whereby annular recesses 8a, 8b communicate with the exhaust 23c and the other two props connected to pipes 26, 27 are contracted. In the fifth position, spool 2 moves to the right so that pipe 40 is opened to pressure and the jack contracted to advance the second pair of props. In the sixth position, spool 3 moves to the right again and pipes 24 to 27 are re-connected to fluid pressure. The non-return valves 28i lock pressure in the pipes 24 to 27 until they are exhausted by the spools 4, 5. Four relief valves 28 provide for bleeding of the pipes 24 to 27 under overload. Main relief valves MRV and MRVI are provided in the pipes 24, 25.
Patent GB-849131-A (GB)
Title: Improvements in or relating to fuel systems for propeller-driving gas turbine engines
Inventor: BASFORD KENNETH ARNOLD
IPC: B64D47/00
Filed: 1958-07-15
Abstract: 849,131. Driving variable pitch propellers. ROLLS-ROYCE Ltd., and LUCAS (INDUSTRIES) Ltd., J. June 18, 1959 [July 15, 1958], No. 22727/58. Class 114. [Also in Groups XXVI and XXIX] A fuel system for a gas turbine engine 15 driving a reversible pitch propeller 18 comprises two throttle valves 54, 67 arranged in parallel passages in a pressure fuel line 26, 29 leading to combustion equipment 13 of the engine, which throttles are connected via pinions 57, 70 to a pilot's control 73 so that one throttle (the forward throttle 54) is operative to vary the fuel supply during normal forward thrust operation and the other throttle (the reverse throttle 67) is operative to vary the fuel supply during operation with the propeller in reverse pitch.
Patent GB-190757-A (GB)
Title: Improvements in internal combustion engines
IPC: F02B25/00
Filed: 1921-08-27
Abstract: 190,757. Booth, J. T. Aug. 27, 1921. Valves; valve-gear. - In a two-stroke engine in which the mixture is compressed by a pump into a reservoir from which the cylinders are charged, the inlet to the pump and the delivery to the reservoir are controlled by a rotary valve which drives a reciprocating valve controlling the transfer from the reservoir to the cylinder, and means are provided for adjusting the effective volume of the reservoir. Figs. 1 and 2 show an engine with two cylinders 1 having pumping-chambers 2 into which alternately the charge is drawn from the induction pipe 19 by way of the central bore 12 and port 14 of the rotary valve 5, and is delivered through ports 15, 22 to a reservoir 9, in which works a hollow slide valve 27 driven by a rod 26 and crank-pin 25 on the rotary valve. The valve 27 controls ports 29 leading to the cylinders 1. In a modification, the mixture may pass around the valve 5, the bore 12 being used to supply oil. A modified form applied to a single-cylinder engine, and having the ports of the rotary valve slightly different, is also described. Regulating.-The relation between the rotary and slide valves is adjustable by means of a detachable end 24 formed with teeth engaging corresponding recesses in the end of the rotary valve 5, the crank pin 25 being carried by the endpiece 24.
Patent GB-892972-A (GB)
Title: Improvements in or relating to surface testing apparatus
IPC: G01B7/34
Filed: 1957-07-18
Abstract: 892,972. Determining surface-roughness. REASON, R. E., and KAPELLA Ltd. July 11, 1958 [July 18, 1957], No. 22781/57. Class 106 (2). Surface testing apparatus comprises a casing carrying a projecting slotted work support through which a stylus is urged against a test surface, the stylus being traversed over the test surface and coupled to a detector within the casing. Fig. 1 shows a surface testing apparatus in which the hardened metal top plate A<SP>1</SP> of the casing A extends to A<SP>2</SP> to form a projecting work support. A reference skid J and a sharply pointed stylus B are carried by a pick-up head D pivoted at the end of an arm E and biased upwardly by a spring D<SP>2</SP>. The stylus B is coupled to a piezo-electric crystal or other generating transducer which is connected to an integrating meter to enable average surface roughness to be determined. The skid J and the stylus B are traversed across the under surface of the workpiece placed on the support A<SP>2</SP> by means of an electric motor K coupled to the pick-up head D by a belt K<SP>1</SP>, a wheel K<SP>2</SP> and a crank K<SP>3</SP> coupled to the arm E. Alternatively, a screw-thread traverse as described in Specification 892,529 may be used. The top surface of the casing A may be slotted at A<SP>4</SP>, Fig. 5, to take cylindrical workpieces. An adjustable fence W<SP>1</SP> is provided, annular workpieces may be supported against an adjustable fence X<SP>1</SP>. Alternatively, the adjustable arm X may carry a V-notched support X<SP>4</SP> to take tubular workpieces. The Specification also describes detector mountings, a releasable detector coupling, and control arrangements similar to those described in Specification 892,529.