Patent GB-248013-A (GB)
Title: Improvements in refrigerating machines
IPC: F25B1/02
Filed: 1924-08-27
Abstract: 248,013. Marks, E. C. R., (Federated Engineers Development Corporation). Aug. 27, 1924. Liquid-pressure engines. - Three types of motors and compressors for a refrigerating system are described, viz., a bellows type, Fig. 1, a diaphragm type, Fig. 2, and a piston type, Fig. 10. Details of the control valve for the diaphragm type of motor are shown in Figs. 6 and 8. Bellows type.-The bellows compressor 9<1> and motor 9, Fig. 1, comprise upper and lower fixed plates 4, 4 and 3, 3 and middle movable plates 5a, 5 respectively, the movable plates being rigidly connected by rods 7. The vapour to be compressed flows through a pipe 31, branches 29 and check valve 30 to the upper and lower compartments of the upper bellows alternately, and is discharged through valves 25, to a pipe 26 leading to the condenser 27. The water is supplied to the motor from a service pipe 18 fitted with a valve 18<1> to adjust the pressure, and is distributed to the upper and lower water bellows chambers by a sliding valve comprising pistons 15, 16 carried by a rod 17. The valve rod is actuated through a pin and slot connection 46 from a lever 40 pivoted at 39 to a cross-rod 8 connecting the upper ends of the rods 7 and fulcrummed by a pin and slot connection 42 to a fixed bracket 44. A roller 50 on the end of the lever 40 is engaged by a toothed end 49 of a pivoted arm 48 yieldingly held by a spring 51, whereby a quick action of the valve is secured. The pistons 15, 16 open branches 11, 10 alternately to supply and discharge passages, and the exhaust water passes through a pipe 20 to the condenser. The combined water motor, compressor and condenser shown in Fig. 2 comprises a base chamber 51 containing a confined body of air under predetermined pressure, diaphragms 55, 56 of different areas providing a chamber filled with water supplied and discharged through pipes 83, 84 under the control of an oscillating valve, an upper chamber 53 filled with glycerine or other non-freezing liquid, and a third diaphragm 57 between which and the fixed cover 54 the vapour is compressed. The diaphragms 55, 56 are connected by a rod 75 having fixed thereon a collar 105 which receives a roller on an arm 101, Fig. 8, pivoted at 93, the free end of the arm engaging a stud 103 on a plate 94 whereby this plate 94 is rocked as the rod 75 reciprocates. The plate 94 is loose on the spindle 92, Fig. 6, of the hollow ported water-distributing valve 87, and is connected by a torsion spring 95 to the valve body. A pivoted spring pawl 111 engaging one of two notches 110 in a plate 109 on the valve delays the movement of the valve, until disengaged by one of two studs 113 on the plate 94, whereupon the spring 95 produces a quick action. The admission of water to the motor chamber causes the diaphragms to flex downwards, compressing the confined air in the chamber 51 and drawing refrigerant vapour into the top chamber. When the water valve is actuated the water pressure is relieved and the pressure of the confined air raises the diaphragms and performs the compressing operation on the refrigerant. The combined motor, compressor and condenser shown in Fig. 10 comprises a detachable cylinder 123, 124 of a water motor arranged above a chamber 139 containing a body of lubricant through which the compressed refrigerant is discharged by the compressor 128. The exhaust from the water motor is used as a cooling medium in a jacket 116 around the chamber 139, whereby the refrigerant in the chamber is condensed. The compressor piston rod 129 is of larger diameter than the rod 156 of the motor. The distributing-valve for the motor comprises a differential water-actuated piston valve 168 and a sliding pilot valve 176 carried by an extension of the motor piston rod. The movement of the piston rod controls the admission of water to the piston valve, which in turn controls the supply and exhaust of the motor.