Patent GB-750122-A (GB)
Title: Improvements in and relating to the lubrication of textile fibres or textile processing machinery or both purposes and the manufacture of lubricants suitable therefor
IPC: D06M15/53
Filed: 1951-01-18
Abstract: Oil compositions for softening textiles consist substantially of refined mineral oil having a Cleveland open cup flashpoint above 270 DEG F., and 3-50 per cent of an emulsifier and a scourenhancing material.  The emulsifiers are (a) monoethers formed from alkylphenols, containing 8-20 carbon atoms in not more than 2 alkyl radicals, and 3-12 moles of ethylene oxide; (b) monoethers formed from monohydric fatty alcohols containing more than 10 carbon atoms and having the hydroxy group on an a, b  or g  carbon atom, sterols or wool fat alcohols, and 3-12 moles of ethylene oxide; or (c) monoesters of polyethylene glycols, containing a chain of 3-12 ethylene oxide units, and monobasic fatty or hydroxy fatty acids containing not less than 8 carbon atoms, monobasic acids occuring in wool wax containing not less than 10 carbon atoms, monobasic alkyl benzoic acids containing 8-20 carbon atoms in not more than 2 alkyl radicals, monobasic petroleum naphthenic acids or alkylated monobasic cyclic acids occurring in wood, gum or liquid rosins. Scour-enhancing material are (a1) partial esters, containing not more than 2 free hydroxy groups, of polyhydric aliphatic alcohols and monobasic organic acids; acids specified are fatty and monohydroxy fatty acids containing at least 8 carbon atoms, e.g. oleic acid, monobasic acids containing not less than 8 carbon atoms which occur in wool wax, monobasic petroleum naphthenic acids, alkylated monobasic cyclic acids occuring in wood, gum or liquid rosins and alkyl aromatic acids having at least 6 carbon atoms present in the form of a paraffin chain, e.g. dodecyl benzoic acid, or (b1) fatty monohydric alcohols having more than 8 carbon atoms or monohydric alkylaryl alcohols having more than 12 carbon atoms and at least 6 carbon atoms present in the form of a paraffin chain, or sterols or wool wax alcohols.  Monoethers referred to under (a) and (b) may be formed from isohexyl and isoheptyl phenols, p-iso-octyl phenol, methyl iso-octyl phenol and dodecyl phenol, and cetyl, oleyl and b -hydroxystearyl alcohols, and wool wax alcohols such as cholesterol. Monoesters referred to under (c) may be derived from lauric, myristic, palmitic, stearic, oleic, erucic or ricinoleic acid.  The partial esters referred to under (a1) may be derived from ethylene, propylene, butylene, hexylene and diethylene glycols, glycerol, pentaerythritol, sorbitol and mannitol; the partial esters may also contain acid radicals derived from various monobasic organic acids containing less than 8 carbon atoms.  The alcohols referred to in (b1) may be cetyl and oleyl alcohols, cholesterol and lanosterols. Optional ingredients referred to are blown and unblown ester oils such as sperm, olive, castor, rape, palm, whale and arachis oils; wool fat; monobasic fatty hydroxyfatty and wool fat acids having at least 8 carbon atoms; ammonia and sodium carbonate; oleic acid and fatty soaps such as sodium, ammonium and triethanolamine oleates; neutral salts of sulphonated fatty and hydroxyfatty oils, sulphated alcohols, alkylaryl sulphonic acids, dialkyl suphosuccinic acids, e.g. dioctylsulphosuccinic acid and petroleum sulphonates; stearamide, alginates sodium cellulose carboxylates, such as sodium salts of cellulose glycollic acid, and cellulose ethers such as glycol ethers; solvents, e.g. cyclohexanol, methyl cyclohexanol, methyl cyclohexanones and chlorinated hydrocarbons; antioxidants such as phenols, arylamines or quinones, e.g. naphthylamines and b -naphthol; and silica sol.  The compositions may be emulsified with water. Examples of the compositions are given.  Specified materials which may be treated are wool coton silk, rayon and nylon. Specifications 668,292 [Group III] and 746,742 are referred to.ALSO:Textile oils consist substantially of refined mineral oil having a Cleveland open cup flashpoint above 270 DEG F., and 3-50 per cent of an emulsifier and a scour enhancing material.  The emulsifiers are (a) monoethers formed from alkylphenols containing 8-20 carbon atoms in not more than 2 alkyl radicals, and 3-12 mols of ethylene oxide; (b) monoethers formed from monohydric fatty alcohols containing more than 10 carbon atoms and having the hydroxy group on an a , b  or d  carbon atom, sterols or wool fat alcohols, and 3-12 moles of ethylene oxide; or (c) monoesters of polyethylene glycols containing a chain of 3-12 ethylene oxide units, and monobasic fatty or hydroxy fatty acids containing not less than 8 carbon atoms, monobasic acids occurring in wool wax containing not less than 10 carbon atoms, monobasic alkyl benzoic acids containing 8-20 carbon atoms in not more than 2 alkyl radicals, monobasic petroleum naphthenic acids or alkylated monobasic cyclic acids occurring in wood, gum or liquid rosins. Scour enhancing materials are (a1) partial esters, containing not more than 2 free hydroxy groups, of polyhydric aliphatic alcohols and monobasic organic acids; acids specified are fatty and monohydroxy fatty acids containing at least 8 carbon atoms, e.g. oleic acid, monobasic acids containing not less than 8 carbon atoms which occur in wool wax, monobasic petroleum naphthenic acids, alkylated monobasic cyclic acids occurring in wood, gum or liquid rosins and alkyl aromatic acids having at least 6 carbon atoms present in the form of a paraffin chain, e.g. dodecyl benzoic acid or (b1) fatty monohydric alcohols having more than 8 carbon atoms or monohydric alkylaryl alcohols having more than 12 carbon atoms and at least 6 carbon atoms present in the form of a paraffin chain, sterols or wool wax alcohols.  Monoethers referred to under (a) and (b) may be formed from isohexyl and isoheptyl phenols, p-iso-octyl phenol, methyl iso-octyl phenol and dodecyl phenol, and cetyl, oleyl and b -hydroxy stearyl alcohols, and wool wax alcohols such as chloesterol.  Monoesters referred to under (c) may be derived from lauric, myristic, palmitic, stearic oleic, erucic or ricinoleic acid.  The partial esters referred to under (a1) may be derived from ethylene, propylene, butylene, hexylene and diethylene glycols, glycerol, pentaerythritol, sorbitol and mannitol; the partial esters may also contain acid radicals derived from various monobasic organic acids containing less than 8 carbon atoms.  The alcohols referred to in (b1) may be cetyl and oleyl alcohols, cholesterol and lanosterols. Optional ingredients referred to are blown and unblown ester oils such as sperm, olive, castor, rape, palm, whale and arachis oils; wool fat; monobasic fatty, hydroxyfatty and wool fat acids having at least 8 carbon atoms; ammonia and sodium carbonate; oleic acid and fatty soaps such as sodium, ammonium and triethanolamine oleates; neutral salts of sulphonated fatty and hydroxyfatty oils, sulphated alcohols, alkylaryl sulphonic acids, dialkyl sulphosuccinic acids, e.g. dioctylsuphosuccinic acid and petroleum sulphonates; stearamide, alginates, sodium cellulose carboxylates, such as sodium salts of cellulose glycollic acid, and cellulose ethers such as glycol ethers; solvents e.g. cyclohexanol, methyl cyclohexanol, methyl cyclohexanines and chlorinated hydrocarbons; antioxidants such as phenols, arylamines or quinones, e.g. naphthylamines and b -naphthol; and silica sol. The compositions may be emulsified with water. Examples of the compositions are given.  Specifications 668,292 and 746,742 are referred to.