Patent GB-1004228-A (GB)
Title: Burner means for furnaces
IPC: F27D99/00
Filed: 1964-03-13
Abstract: 1,004,228. Bell-type furnaces; gas burners. BICKLEY FURNACES Inc. March 13, 1964 [March 13, 1963], No. 10855/64. Headings F4B and F4T. A gas burner for heating a ceramic furnace has a conical plug 52 movable in an outlet aperture 58 to determine a high and a low fire position, the plug being moved by means responsive to the pressure of the gas/air mixture in an inlet chamber. The plug has a stem extending through an elbow 62 in the gas/air supply pipe and connected to the rod 102 of a piston 106 in an air cylinder 104. The end positions of the piston are determined by two adjustable screws 112, 114. Pressure air is supplied to either side of the piston by two pipes 108, 110 connected to three-way rotary valves 126, 128 supplied with pressure air by conduits 134, 136 and provided with air bleeds 138, 140. The valves are actuated by solenoids 130, 132 energized alternately by the switch 148 of a latch-release type relay 156 comprising an armature 162, a latch arm 168, a latch coil 158 and a release coil 160. The coils are energised separately by switches S1 S2 actuated with snap action by diaphragms 180, 182 responsive to the pressure of the gas/air mixture in the elbow 62. Fig. 5 shows the system in the low fire position with the conical plug 52 defining a small burner orifice. If the gas/air pressure increases to a predetermined pressure P 2  the diaphragm 184 moves to the right to open switch S1 and de-energize the latch coil 158. The armature 162 is maintained in the position shown however, by the latch arm 168 engaging a hook 166 on the end of the armature. The burner then operates at the low firing range. If however the gas/air pressure exceeds an upper limit P 3  of the low firing range the diaphragm 182 moves to the right to close switch S2 and energize the release coil 160 and withdraw the latch arm 168 from the hook 166. The armature 162 therefore moves downwardly under the action of a spring 164 and changes over the switch 148. The solenoid 132 then turns the valve 128 anticlockwise against the action of a spring 144 and the other solenoid 130 is de-energized and a spring 142 turns the other valve 126 clockwise. In consequence the piston 106 moves to the left and the plug defines a larger burner orifice. The pressure of the gas/air mixture therefore drops to a value P 4  less than P 3  and the diaphragm 182 again opens the switch S2 thus de-energizing the release coil 160 so that the latch arm 168 is returned to the latching position by a spring 170. The burner then operates at the high firing rate. If the gas/air pressure drops to a value P 1  less than P 2  the diaphragm 180 closes the switch S1 and the latch coil 158 raises the armature 162 to return the valves 126, 128 and the piston 106 to the position shown in Fig. 5. The hook 166 again engages the latch 168. The supply of the gas/air mixture is controlled by a throttle valve 95 actuated by a motor 124 controlled by an electric controller 122 set to maintain a desired temperature. A thermocouple 120 transmits a signal representing the furnace temperature to the controller 122. The burner outlet discharges into a combustion tunnel 50 formed in a refractory block 48 and the combustion gases pass through a cylindrical diffuser having perforations in its wall through which air passes into the combustion gases. The burner has a pilot connection. Burners as described are mounted in the vertical rectangular wall of the bell-type furnace in vertical layers of four burners, one layer at the level of the ware to be heated and another layer at the upper end of the furnace. In each layer one burner is positioned in each side of the vertical wall to direct a flame along an adjacent side. The vertical wall of the furnace is adapted to be raised and lowered by a hydraulic lift and the base is movable laterally on a track. The ceiling and vertical wall comprise an inner layer of refractory blocks and a thin outer shell of block insulation. Sight holes are mounted in the vertical wall.