Patent GB-988833-A (GB)
Title: Improvements in or relating to meat casings
IPC: B29C48/03
Filed: 1963-07-22
Abstract: The internal surface of meat casings, particularly sausage casings of cellulose fibres held together by regenerated cellulose and intended to be stripped off the meat, is treated with an organic ketene dimer and an alkyl cellulose in which the alkyl radical contains one to four carbon atoms, whereby adhesion of encased meat to the casing and the development of masses of fat adjacent to the surface of the casing ("fatting out") are minimised.  The diketenes have the formula <FORM:0988833/A1-A3/1> in which R1 and R11 are hydrogen and C4-C20 alkyl, aryl and cycloalkyl radicals, not more than one of the groups R1 and R11 being hydrogen. According to examples, 0.5% and 1% emulsions of an alkyl ketene dimer, with 16 to 18 carbon atoms in the ketene monomer, of apparent molecular weight 530 and melting point 110 DEG F., in admixture with methyl cellulose and a monoglyceride stearate and an acetylated edible monoglyceride are used at 35 to 40 DEG C. to coat sheet material from which the casing is formed.  Since the reaction of the ketene dimer with the casing is best effect at pH 7.7 to 8.0, the aqueous emulsion employed preferably contains sodium bicarbonate.  The coated casing may be dried at 200 DEG F. for 5 minutes.  The process may be for coating the inner surfaces of casings whose outer surfaces are coated with "Saran", fibrous alginate casings, "Naturine" casings.  Specification 887,466 is referred to.ALSO:The surfaces of a meat casing, particularly a casing composed of cellulose fibres, preferably in the form of a paper, impregnated and held together by regenerated cellulose. or a regenerated cellulose casing, intended to be contacted by encased meat and then stripped off, are treated with an organic ketene dimer and an alkyl cellulose in which the alkyl radical contains one to four carbon atoms, whereby adhesion of encased meat to the casing and the development of masses of fat adjacent to the surface of the casing ("fatting out") are minimized.  The diketenes have the formula <FORM:0988833/B1-B2/1> in which R1 and R11 are selected from the group consisting of hydrogen and C4-C20 alkyl, aryl and cycloalkyl radicals not more than one of the groups R1 and R11 being hydrogen. A number of the diketenes are specified.  The monomeric ketene of the dimer preferably contains 6-20 carbon atoms in the molecule.  The casing may be treated with an aqueous emulsion of the ketene dimer and the lower alkyl cellulose.  The regenerated cellulose casing may have reinforcing cellulose fibres embedded therein.  In examples, 0,5% and 1,0% emulsion of an alkyl ketene dimer with 16-18 carbon atoms in the ketene monomer, having an apparent molecular weight of about 530 and a melting point of 110  DEG F. in admixture with methyl cellulose and a monoglyceride stearate and an acetylated edible monoglyceride are used at about 35-40  DEG C. to coat sheet material from which the casing is formed on the inside of a tubular casing. Since the reaction of the ketene dimer with the casing is best effected at a pH of 7,7-8,0, the aqueous emulsion employed preferably contains 0,5% of sodium bicarbonate.  The coated casing may be dried at 200  DEG F. for about 5 minutes to complete the integration of the ketene dimer with the casing.  The process of the invention is applicable to coating the inner surfaces of casings whose outer surfaces are coated with "Saran" (Registered Trade Mark) (a vinylidene chloride and vinyl chloride copolymer), fibrous alginate casings, and "Naturine" casings. Specification 887,466 is referred to.