baber/WOPTO huggingface dataset:
Patent GB-1511044-A (GB)
Title: Position measurement apparatus
IPC: B66B1/34
Filed: 1975-05-07
Abstract: 1511044 Position digitizer WESTINGHOUSE ELECTRIC CORP 7 May 1975 [7 May 1974] 19202/75 Heading H3H The position of a lift car 42 is encoded by reading N consecutive bits from a single coded scale bearing up to 2N - 1 bit indicators arranged so that each group of N consecutive bits is unique. As shown, the scale is a perforated steel tape 20, Fig. 3A; 58, Fig. 4, sensed by four radiation detectors A, B, C, D moving with the lift car. Two interleaved scales are provided, one having marks immediately below the horizontal slots for reading by detector D during upwards movement, the other having marks immediately above the horizontal slots for reading by detector B during downwards movement. The direction of movement is detected by the order of occurrence of signals from detector pairs A, B; C, D. A 16-stage shift register 64 stores the latest 16 bits, entered at one side or the other of the register according to the direction of travel of the lift. The contents of register 64 are compared by a comparator 72 with the latest 16 bits output of a code generator 70 which generates a code sequence identical to that on the perforated tape, clock pulses C being counted at 82 until coincidence, the final count in 82 representing the lift position. The count in 82 is loaded into a second counter 84 which is incremented or decremented by pulses TC representing increments of movement of the lift. The counter 84 is reloaded from counter 82 whenever the lift doors are commanded to shut, or on resumption of power supply after a cut. The lift need only move a distance corresponding to 16 bits to fill the register 64. Two extra bits D 2 , D 1  representing the position of the lift to a resolution X between two consecutive marks (4X apart) on the scale being sensed may be obtained from detectors A, B, C, D. In a modification (not shown) 16 sensors read 16 consecutive bits from the scale.
Patent GB-1408032-A (GB)
Title: Formation of traffic  underpasses
IPC: E02D29/05
Filed: 1972-08-23
Abstract: 1408032 Underpass bridges; wells etc EMKA INGENIEURGESELLSCHAFT FUR BAUWERKSDURCHPRESSUNGEN mbH 23 Aug 1972 19223/75 Divided out of 1408031 Headings E1F and E1G The subject matter is the same as in the parent Specification 1408031 but the claims are directed to the support means for one end of the underpass bridge span, i.e. to the combination of a row of removable filler members in a laterally-open recess extending lengthwise of a tubular support member which can be advanced into the earth to form a bridge abutment.
Patent GB-644487-A (GB)
Title: Improvements in or relating to reaction jet engines for aircraft
IPC: F02K7/16
Filed: 1948-07-19
Abstract: 644,487. Jet propulsion plant for aircraft. SOC. NATIONALE D'ETUDE ET DE CONSTRUCTION DE MOTEURS D'AVIATION. July 19, 1948, No. 19341. Convention date, July 22, 1947. [Class 110(iii)] [Also in Group XXXIII] A jet-propulsion plant for aircraft comprises a turbine-compressor set 5, 2 with a variable propulsion nozzle 7 and a ramjet unit 23. At low aircraft speeds the ram entry 21 is closed and air is supplied to the combustion chamber 22 by the compressor 2 either from the delivery or from an interstage point. For this purpose flap valves 13 and 27 are moved to the dotted line positions. The valve 13 guides air into a connecting channel 15 and the valve 27 closes the air entry of the ram tube. The jet tubes 7 and 24 may be made as injectors which draw into the discharge air from the boundary layer of the aircraft wing. The ram-jet tube 25, Fig. 4, may be continued by a tube 69 in an aileron 67. When the aileron and valve plates 63, 65 are in the dotted line positions the jet discharge blows over the surface of the aileron.
Patent GB-583146-A (GB)
Title: Improvements in or relating to thermal power plants in which a working medium describes a closed cycle
IPC: F02C1/05
Filed: 1944-10-09
Abstract: 583,146. Working fluid supply to gas turbines. AKT.-GES. FUR TECHNISCHE STUDIEN. Oct. 9, 1944, Nos. 19346 and 19347. Convention dates, Oct. 11, 1943, and July 24, 1944. [Class 110 (iii)] [Also in Groups .XXVII and XXXV] A hot gas power plant incorporates as working medium a mixture of helium and at least one other gas the average of the molecular weights of all the molecules of the mixture being between 5 and 15 and the velocity of sound in the mixture being between 900 metres/ sec. and 500 metres/sec. the gas being circulated in a closed circuit including a heater in which heat is supplied from an external source, at least one turbine driven by the expansion of the mixture, a compressor or compressors driven by the turbine in which the mixture is compressed and a heat exchanger in which the expanded mixture from the outlet of the turbine gives off heat to the compressed part of the mixture before it is heated by the supply of heat from the external source. Other gases which can be used with the helium are air, nitrogen, argon, carbonic acid. When carbonic acid gas is used it is possible to reduce the proportion of this gas in the plant if for any reason it should become too high by allowing a portion of the mixture which has been compressed but not heated to flow through a bye-pass and subjecting the mixture in the bye-pass to a low temperature so that the carbonic acid separates out in a liquid or solid state. The machine such as an electric generator driven by the plant can be cooled by a gas mixture of the same composition as that used in the plant. Specification 542,292 is referred to.
Patent GB-782608-A (GB)
Title: Improved construction for sea-shore protection against erosion
IPC: E02B3/06
Filed: 1955-07-05
Abstract: 782,608. Groynes &c. RIVIERE, A. July 5, 1955 [July 6, 1954; Feb. 23, 1955], No. 19403/55. Class 68(2) A groyne for the protection of sea shores 2 comprises a landward portion 5A or C. impervious to sand, shingle or the like, protruding from the shore and an offshore portion 5B or D, also impervious and at a greater distance from the shore 2 the two portions being separated by a gap 6 or a part pervious to sand, shingle or the like. As shown in Fig. 4, the sea swell from the direction H gives rise to currents C<SP>1</SP> along the shore 2 and C<SP>2</SP> along the offshore portion 5B, the two combining to give currents C<SP>3</SP>, there being build-up areas '7, 8 of sand, shingle or the like on either side of landward portion 5A but no erosion area. As shown in Figs. 8, 11, the parts C, D may be curved or have enlarged parts F, F<SP>1</SP> and in further embodiments, the parts may be parallel but off set or at right angles to each other. As shown in Fig. 13, both the landward position C and off shore portion D may have parts F<SP>2</SP> below the normal sea-level N.
Patent GB-140844-A (GB)
Title: Improvements in the purification of sulphur
IPC: C01B17/02
Filed: 1918-11-27
Abstract: 140,844. Hood, J. J. Nov. 27, 1918. Sulphur.-Crude sulphur is purified by melting or dissolving in a suitable solvent, such as carbon bisulphide, and filtering through precipitated and ignited alumina or magnesia or mixtures thereof, or through ignited bauxite or magnesite or mixtures thereof. Solutions of sulphur obtained by extracting spent oxide with a solvent may be similarly treated. When exhausted, the filtering-material is revivified by treating with steam or with a solvent for sulphur and then igniting.
Patent GB-1115172-A (GB)
Title: Seating structure
Inventor: GALE JOHN A
IPC: A47C3/029
Filed: 1965-05-10
Abstract: 1,115,172. Seats. JOHN GALE CO. 10 May, 1965, No. 19600/65. Headings A4J and A4U. In a seat made of unreinforced resilient plastic, the body supporting part is formed as a hollow moulding, of which the cavity extends between the inner and outer walls of the bottom and back rest. The whole seat may be formed as a single unitary moulding, having a convex rockable base (Fig. 9, not shown) or as two separately moulded, releasably connected members (Figs. 1, 2, 7 and 8, not shown). These members may have co-operating hemispherical or hemispheroidal surfaces (25, 32, 25c, 32c), which allow relative rotation about a vertical axis, and snap engaging means (26, 33, 26c, 33c). As shown, the upper member 10b is formed from low or medium density linear polyethylene by blow moulding from a single parison or by rotational moulding using powdered material. Member 10b is rotatably supported on a base 12b of extruded aluminium sections 27b by plastic balls 37b retained by annular plate 40b. The base is mounted on plastic ball castors 42b. Each ball 42b consists of two relatively slidable parts, an axial core 43b and a toroidal ring 46b, having an annular contact zone with its socket 29b. The balls are retained in the sockets by plates 49b. The seat members may alternatively be constructed of polyvinyl plastisol or polyurethane, other classes of polymers being referred to generally.
Patent GB-171431-A (GB)
Title: Carburetted air generator
IPC: C10J1/14
Filed: 1920-07-08
Abstract: 171,431. Avray, M. A. de V. d'. July 8, 1920. Holders.-Apparatus for producing gas from liquid hydrocarbons comprises an air-bell A operated by means of an hydraulicallyactuated driving-piston S, an automatic reversible water-distributor Y controlling this piston, a compensating bell A<1> receiving the air delivered by the first bell A<1> and forcing it through a carburettor B, a. petrol pump Q operated by the bell A, means located between the compensating-bell and the carburettor whereby a permanent reserve of air under pressure is preserved and means consisting of two conjugate cocks 13, 14 located on the water supply pipe 3, 8 one on the inlet and the other on the exhaust side of the distributor. These cocks are connected with the compensating-bell so that when the latter reaches a predetermined height due to the accumulation of air in its interior, the cocks shut off the water inlet to and exhaust from the distributor whereupon the apparatus ceases to work. The driving piston S is provided with a rod connected to the upper part of the bell A and water entering through the inlet 3 causes the bell to rise allowing atmospheric air to pass into the bell through an orifice 5, tube 6 and one-way valve m. When this bell reaches the top of its stroke the water distributor Y is reversed by means of a rod X connected to the bell A, thus causing the bell to fall and forcing the contained air through the tube U to the compensating bell A and thence to the carburettor B by means of a pipe U<1> the latter bell A<1> being prevented from rising above a predetermined height by means of the cocks 13, 14 operated by a rod 12 adjustably connected to the bell. The bells A, A<1> move vertically in tanks a<1>, b<1> respectively, each of which is composed of two concentric cylinders the annular space being filled with a non-congealing liquid such as brine or water containing alcohol, and the bells are actuated in a downward direction by means of weights or springs- or by their own weight. The portion of the tube U between the valve m<1> and the wall of the driving bell and also the portion of the pipe U<1> between the valve m<3> and the wall of the compensating bell may be omitted and in order that the liquid in the two vats may be at the same height they are connected by a pipe 10. In order to diminish automatically the section of the passage U offered to the air when the bell A moves down, the valve m<1> is displaced ten or fifteen centimetres lower down on the upper part of the tube U and the entrance to this tube is controlled by a conical rod which extends therein and is secured to the bell A. Between the compensating bell and the carburettor is interposed a regulator constituted by a bell similar to the other bells but of a volume ten to twenty times smaller, this bell being adapted to provide a permanent reserve of air under pressure, the outflow to the carburettor being regulated by a cock.
Patent GB-1185640-A (GB)
Title: Process for Casehardening Steels
Inventor: HEWSON ROBERT LESLIE
Filed: 1966-12-21
Abstract: 1,185,640. Case-hardening of steel. IMPERIAL CHEMICAL INDUSTRIES Ltd. Dec.11, 1967 [Dec.21, 1966; Jan.13, 1967; April 28, 1967 (2)], Nos.57121/66; 1987/67; 19657/67 and 19658/67. Heading C7U. Carbon or alloy case-hardening steel or medium carbon steel is carburized to a depth of at least 0À005" in a solid liquid or gaseous medium at a temperature in the range 800‹ - 950‹C. and is then soaked at 700‹ - 770‹C. for at least 3 minutes in a salt bath containing at least 5% by weight of alkali metal cyanate, calculated as sodium cyanate, and possibly also alkali metal cyanide and carbonate with or without alkali metal chloride. The steel may be transferred directly from the carburizing medium to the salt bath or may be intermediately quenched or allowed to cool and then reheated to 750‹ - 850‹C. to austenitize the case prior to the carbo-nitriding treatment. Reheating may be carried out in a muffle furnace or preferably in a salt bath containing sodium cyanide to avoid decarburization; alternatively in some circumstances the steel may be reheated by immersing it in the molten salt bath and is then held there for at least 10 minutes. The final step of any of these processes is quenching to provide the steel with a martensitic case having an overlying nitrogen-rich case which is resistant to scuffing. For the initial carburizing step an atmosphere containing hydrocarbon gas and ammonia may be used.
Patent GB-1255905-A (GB)
Title: Oscillator assemblies
Inventor: NISHIKUBO YASUHIKO
IPC: G04F5/04
Filed: 1970-04-23
Abstract: 1,255,905. Transistor oscillator circuits; electromechanical resonators. CITIZEN WATCH CO. Ltd. 23 April, 1970 [23 April, 1969], No. 19665/70. Headings H3T and H3U. [Also in Division G3] A transistor oscillator utilizes a mechanical resonator 15 comprising three arms 15a, 15b, 15c arranged in a single plane and adapted for oscillation in respective planes perpendicular to that plane. To each arm is affixed a piezoelectric element 17, 18, 19 respectively, the element 17 fixed to the central arm 15a and that 19 fixed to one sidearm 15c being so connected to the input of a transistor amplifier 11 that their electrical outputs add for normal oscillation of the mechanical resonator 15; i.e. with arms 15b, 15c moving in the same direction and arm 15a in the opposite direction. In the case of abnormal operation, e.g. mechanical shock, arms 15a, 15c move in the same direction and the outputs from the corresponding piezoelectric elements 17, 19 subtract, thereby producing no excitation of the oscillator. The remaining piezo-electric element 18 comprises the drive for the mechanical resonator, being coupled to the output of amplifier 12, the input of which is coupled to the output of amplifier 11. The Specification describes various alternative arrangements; in some (Figs. 8, 9, 11, not shown) the piezo-electric element affixed to the central arm of the mechanical resonator is on the opposite side to the other elements. In certain of the embodiments (Figs. 7, 9, 10, 11, not shown) the amplifier comprises two transistors each driven by a separate piezo-electric element, while in some (Figs. 7, 9, not shown) the transistors are of opposite conductivity types.
Patent GB-136216-A (GB)
Title: Improvements in Grinding Arc Teeth and in Cutting and Grinding such Teeth.
IPC: B23F9/10
Filed: 1918-11-29
Abstract: 136,216. Wolseley Motors, Ltd., and Raper, H. C. Nov. 29, 1918. Diamond and like tools.-A machine for grinding arc teeth by means of a wheel A having an annular grinding projection a includes diamond cutters e, e<1>, k<1> for trueing the faces of the projection. These cutters are moved by hand-levers j, j<1>, n respectively, all carried in a saddle P which is traversed bv means of a hand-wheel R and moved vertically by means of a handwheel T.
Patent GB-530930-A (GB)
Title: Improvements in or relating to apparatus for stopping the rotation of the flywheel of a machine
IPC: F16D67/04
Filed: 1939-07-06
Abstract: 530.930. Stopping and starting mechanism. NATIONAL MACHINERY CO. July 6,1939, No. 19717. Convention date, July 20, 1938. [Class 80 (ii)] Apparatus for stopping the rotation of the flywheel of an intermittently operating machine, such as a forging machine or press, having a driven shaft 2 coupled to the flywheel 6 by a friction clutch 7, comprises means for engaging the clutch and a brake 11 for stopping the rotation of the shaft 2, and includes means for releasing the brake and engaging the clutch, and other means for engaging the clutch while the brake is engaged and the shaft 2 is stationary to stop the rotation of the flywheel. In the forging machine shown, a header slide 3 and a grip die slide 5 are reciprocated from the crankshaft 2 and the flywheel 6 is driven from a motor 8. The flywheel 6 and plate clutch 7 may be of the type described in U.S.A. Specification 2,143,861 and operated by compressed air admitted through a connection 10, and the friction brake 11 may be constructed as described in U.S.A. Specification 2,109,940 and operated by compressed air admitted through a connection 10, and the friction brake 11 may be constructed as described in U.S.A. Specification 2,149,044. A two-way cock 23 in one position admits compressed air from an inlet pipe 13 past a trip valve 16 to a cylinder 18 which opens valves 19 leading to both the brake and clutch, the brake preferably being released before the clutch is engaged. After one revolution of the shaft 2, the valves 19 are closed, disengaging the clutch and applying the brake, as described in U.S.A. Specification 2,149,044. To stop the flywheel and motor, the motor is switched off and the cock 23 turned to a position connecting a byepass 30 to the pipe 24, so that the clutch 7 is engaged while the brake 11 is in engagement. The byepass 30 may be restricted by a reducing valve 31 or by adjustment of the cock 23.
Patent GB-1152834-A (GB)
Title: Polymers for Acrylic Fibres having improved Dyeability
IPC: C08F220/46
Filed: 1966-05-04
Abstract: 1,152,834. Dyeable acrylonitrile polymers. MONSANTO CO. 4 May, 1966 [4 May, 1965], No, 19733/66. Heading C3P. Novel acrylonitrile copolymers comprise at least 85% by weight of units of acrylonitrile, units of at least one other monoethylenically unsaturated monomer in an amount of not more than 14À95% by weight, and 0À05-2À0% by weight of units of a sulphocinnamic acid of the formula or a water-soluble alkali metal, alkaline earth metal or ammonium salt thereof, wherein n is 1 or 2, m is 0, 1 or 2 and R is C 1 -C 6  alkyl, halogen or hydroxyl. Suitable monoethylenically unsaturated monomers include alkyl and alkoxyalkyl acrylates and methacrylates, a-chloroacrylic acid, vinyl and vinylidene chloride, 1- chloro - 1 - bromo - ethylene, methacrylonitrile, acrylamide, methacrylamide, a - cloroacrylamide, methyl vinyl ketone, vinyl carboxylates, N-vinyl-imides, styrene, vinyl naphthalene and 2-methyl-5-vinyl pyridine. The copolymers can be prepared by polymerizing the corresponding monomers in bulk, solution, suspension or emulsion in the presence of a polymerization initiator. In a preferred method polymerization is effected in aqueous suspension at a pH below 7 using, as initiator, a peroxide, persulphate, percarbonate or perborate, preferably in conjunction with a sulphoxy reducing agent to form a redox system; the process can be effected in continuous, semi-continuous or batch manner and is short-stopped at a fibre-forming molecular weight stage for the polymer. The polymers obtained can be formed into spinnable solutions by dissolving in solvents such as dimethyl acetamide, dimethyl formamide, dimethyl sulphoxide, ethylene carbonate or aqueous salt solutions, e.g. of sodium thiocyanate, zinc chloride or lithium bromide. The novel polymers can be dyed with basic dyes and can be blended with known acrylonitrile polymers to enhance the dyeability of the latter. In examples, acrylonitrile is copolymerized with p-sulphocinnamic acid and either vinyl acetate or methyl acrylate, and in Example 12 such a polymer (containing vinyl acetate units) is combined with an acrylonitrile / 2 - methyl - 2 - vinyl pyridine copolymer in solution in dimethyl acetamide.
Patent GB-1153024-A (GB)
Title: Rust Inhibited Hydrocarbon Fuels
IPC: C10L1/24
Filed: 1967-04-28
Abstract: 1,153,024. Fuels. ESSO RESEARCH & ENG. CO. 28 April, 1967 [5 May, 1966], No. 19770/67. Heading C5G. A fuel comprises gasoline and a minor proportion of a gasoline-soluble C 6 -C 50  tertiary amine oxide. Extensive lists of amine oxides are given, the preferred examples being dimethyl cocoamine oxide, bis-(2-hydroxyethyl)- tallow amine .oxide and bis-(2-hydroxyethyl) cocoamine oxide. The fuel may also contain tetra-alkyl lead compounds, tetravinyl lead, triethyl vinyl lead, organo-metallic compounds containing lead, iron, nickel, lithium or manganese, t-butyl acetate, tri-#-chloro ethyl phosphate, isopropanol and hexylene glycol.
Patent GB-774637-A (GB)
Title: Improvements in or relating to the drying of hollow bricks, tiles and similar products
IPC: B28B11/24
Filed: 1955-07-08
Abstract: 774,637. Railway switches. PASTORE C. F. July 8, 1955 [July 9, 1954; Oct. 8, 1954], No. 19772/55. Class 104 (1). [Also in Group XIII] In a brick drying kiln (Group XIII) the trucks on which the bricks are stacked can be transferred laterally from one set of rails 31 to other rails 32 at right-angles thereto by an arrangement in which the wheels of the truck are individually rotatable about a vertical axis and a movable rail section 33 at each crossing-point is turnable about a vertical pivot through 90 degrees, plates 34 to which the sections 33 are connected being joined to connecting arms 36 which are in turn connected with an articulated parallelogram 37 operated at a distance by means of a bar 38. Springs 42 ensure the rapid return to alignment of the rail sections after the operation.
Patent GB-702352-A (GB)
Title: Improvements in or relating to television receivers
IPC: H04N5/21
Filed: 1951-08-22
Abstract: 702,352. Television receivers. GENERAL ELECTRIC CO., Ltd., and BARRY, J. N. Aug. 22, 1952 [Aug. 22, 1951], No. 19804/51. Drawings to Specification. Class 40 (3) In a television receiver the video signal is passed through a quantizing circuit, i.e. a circuit in which a continuously variable signal is converted to one having only a limited number of predetermined valves, before application to the image reproducer. The circuit is of the type described in Specification 702,351, [Group XL(c)]. The arrangement has the effect of eliminating noise components of amplitude less than the difference between successive quantizing levels. The quantizing levels are equally spaced and an amplitude compressor may be connected between the output of the circuit and a cathode-ray tube reproducer in order that the equal steps in the quantized signal give rise to equal change of brightness in the reproduced image.
Patent GB-459309-A (GB)
Title: Improvements in the manufacture and production of quaternary ammonium bases
IPC: C08G59/50
Filed: 1935-07-11
Abstract: Quaternary ammonium bases are obtained by reacting an alkylene oxide, in the presence of water, with a water-insoluble tertiary amine containing at least one radicle of at least eight carbon atoms. Condensation products of the quaternary bases with further amounts of alkylene oxide are also obtainable.  The reaction is preferably effected at a temperature up to 100 DEG  C.  The products have foaming and wetting properties and are useful in the textile and related industries, for example, as softening agents, or for improving the fastness of dyeings to water and washing, or for improving the affinity of fibres for dyestuffs, or (in admixture with reducing agents) as stripping agents; they are useful also as disinfectants.  Examples are given in which ethylene oxide is reacted, in the presence of water, with (1) dimethyldodecylamine, the product being hydroxyethyldimethyldodecyl ammonium hydroxide; (2) an amine mixture of the formula RN(CH3)2, where R is an alkyl radicle corresponding to the alcohols obtainable by reducing palm-kernel oil acids; (3) dimethyloctadecylamine; (4) dimethyloctylamine, the product being a polyethenoxydimethyloctyl ammonium hydroxide; (5) dimethyldecylamine, the product being a polyethenoxydimethyldecyl ammonium hydroxide.