Patent GB-1118253-A (GB)
Title: Positive-clutch coupling arrangements having synchroniser mechanisms
Inventor: STOTT THOMAS CHARLES FELIX
IPC: F16D23/06
Filed: 1966-01-06
Abstract: 1,118,253. Clutches. VAUXHALL MOTORS Ltd. 15 Dec., 1966 [6 Jan., 1966], No. 591/66. Heading F2C. To control the radial positions and thereby inhibit tilting and jamming of separate, coned, synchronizing rings 28, 30 in a gear-establishing, double, frictionally synchronized, balked, positive clutch in a motor vehicle constant-mesh gear-box, wherein a clutch sleeve 18 splined on a mainshaft 14 is selectively axially slidable from Neutral shown, by a striker fork 22, to engage clutch teeth 24, 26 of rotary drive members, the rings comprise, adjacent the larger (as shown), the smaller (Fig. 2, not shown), or each (Fig. 3, not shown) axial end of the external conical, friction surfaces 32, 36, thereof, external cylindrical bearing surfaces, such as 34, 40 shown, co-operating with corresponding internal cylindrical bearing surfaces on the rotary drive members. The rotary drive members may both be indirect-ratio gear-wheels free on the mainshaft and in constant mesh with layshaft gears; alternatively, one of the rotary drive members may be the gear-box primary shaft to provide direct drive. As shown, the rotary drive members comprise second and third ratio gear-wheels 10, 12 of a five forward speed and reverse constant-mesh gear-box. The synchronizing rings 28, 30 are frictionally engageable with internal conical surfaces respectively of the gear-wheel 10 and an extension 38 of the gear-wheel 12. Sets of cone-shouldered balk pins 42, 44 fast with the rings 28, 30 extend through alternating chamfered apertures 46, 48 in the clutch sleeve 18. To further inhibit tilting of the rings, the balk pins 42, 44 co-operate with external cylindrical guide surfaces 50, 51 on the clutch sleeve. Spherically surfaced beads 56, strung on a spring 52 disposed in a coupling sleeve groove 54, are outwardly resiliently biased so as to be engageable in a circumferential groove 58 in each of the second-ratio balk pins 42. In operation, in Neutral, the resilient bias on the beads 56 causes the second-ratio pins 42 to be circumferentially thrown-over to engage the walls of the apertures 46, the direction of throw-over depending on the relative speeds of the clutch sleeve and the ring 28. In shift to Second ratio, on rightward movement of the clutch sleeve 18 the yieldable axial connection provided by engagement of the beads 56 in the grooves 58 causes frictional engagement of the synchronizing ring 28 with the gear 10. When the bias of the spring 52 is overcome, the beads 56 snap out of the grooves 58 and the clutch sleeve moves further rightwardly until balked by the engagement of the chamfers of the apertures 46 with the cone shoulders on the pins 42 under the action of the throw-over imparted by the spring 52 and rotational presynchronizing lag. Near or at synchronism, the axial force on the clutch sleeve is sufficient to overcome the balk and the positive clutch is then engaged. For shift to Third ratio, the beads 56 do not act directly on the third-ratio balk pins, friction clutch energization being effected through the abutment of the free ends of the second-ratio balk pins 42 with the thirdratio synchronizing ring 30.