Patent GB-1091575-A (GB)
Title: Water-dilutable stoving lacquers
IPC: C08F8/44
Filed: 1965-05-28
Abstract: Electro-phoretic coating is effected using a water-dilutable stoving lacquer consisting of (a) a hydrophilic low molecular weight hardenable condensation product (e.g. an aminoplast and/or phenol resol), (b) a plasticizing copolymer of a polymerizable vinyl or vinylidene compound and which contains at least one acid equivalent of copolymerizable a , b -ethylenically unsaturated carboxylic acid to each 1800 grams of the total monomer mixture and wherein polymerization has been effected in the presence of an alkyd resin containing an ethylenic double bond, a free carboxyl group (acid number 35-300) and a hydrophilic group, and (c) ammonia or a strong organic nitrogen-containing base forming a soap with component (b), component (a) as solid resin being present in a quantity of 7-50% by weight based on the total solid resin of the stoving lacquer. The lacquer may be diluted with water to a solids content of about 12% and poured into the electro-phoresis tank, the metallic object to be coated dipped therein to serve as the anode, and a D.C. voltage of about 100 volts applied.  The deposited lacquer is stoved at 150-180 DEG C.ALSO:A water-dilutable stoving lacquer consists of (a) a hydrophilic low molecular weight hardenable condensation product (e.g. an aminoplast and/or phenol-resol); (b) a plasticizing copolymer of a polymerizable vinyl or vinylidene compound and which contains at least one acid equivalent of copolymerizable a ,b -ethylenically unsaturated carboxylic acid to each 1800 grams of the total monomer mixture and wherein polymerization has been effected in the presence of an alkyd resin containing an ethylenic double bond, a free carboxyl group (acid number 35-300) and a hydrophilic group; and (c) ammonia or a strong organic nitrogen-containing base forming a soap with component (b), component (a) as solid resin being present in a quantity of 7-50% by weight based on the total solid resin of the stoving lacquer. The lacquer may contain wetting agents and/or emulsifiers, and the diluting water may contain  a completely or substantially water-miscible organic solvent, including mono- and di-ethers of ethylene and diethylene glycol, diacetone alcohol, and ketones. The component (a) may be a phenolalcohol or polyalcohol, a methylol compound of a phenol carboxylic acid, or a reaction product of e.g. urea, melamine or benzoguanamine with e.g. formaldehyde, acrolein, benzaldehyde or furfural.  Hardening catalysts may be added. The alkyd resin may be formed from e.g. succinic, maleic, or terephthalic acid or an adduct between e.g. fumaric acid and e.g. dehydrated castor oil or abietic acid and a polyhydric alcohol.  The alkyd resin may be reacted with the vinyl or vinylidene monomer in presence of a solvent.  Monomers specified include methyl acrylate, n-butyl crotonate, 6-hydroxy-n-hexyl acrylate and the corresponding methacrylates, ethacrylates, and phenylacrylates, di - (2 - hydroxy - n - propyl) - maleinate, 2 - hydroxy -3 - chloro - n - propyl acrylate, styrene, nuclear- and chain-substituted styrenes, acrylamide, and methacrylonitrile.  The a ,b -unsaturated carboxylic acids specified include arcylic acid, b -benzoylacrylic acid, cinnamic acid, aconitic acid, and chloromaleic acid. Monomers containing carboxylic group may be reacted individually or in mixture, individually in mixture with non-carboxylic monomers, or in mixture with mixtures of the other monomers. The organic bases specified include ethylamine, trimethylamine, piperidine, diethanolamine, diglycolamine, and triethylenetetramine.  The copolymerization temperature should not exceed 160 DEG  C., and the catalyst may be di-t-butyl or benzoyl peroxide, cumene hydroperoxide or a Redox system.  In Example 1, an alkyd resin is formed by boiling transesterified ricinene and castor oils with pentaerythritol, trimethylol propane, phthalic anhydride, and adipic acid. An ethylene glycol monoisopropyl ether solution of the alkyd resin is added to a mixture of butyl and methyl methacrylates and acrylic acid containing di-t-butyl peroxide as catalyst and polymerization is effected.  The resulting resin is neutralized with triethylamine and mixed with a melamine resin or the dimethyl ether of tetramethylolmelamine. The lacquer is ground with TiO2 and diluted with water, optionally containing n-butanol.  The lacquer may be used for elecrtophoretic coating.  In Example 2, the monomer mixture is styrene, a -methylstyrene and acrylic acid, and laurylmercaptan is added.  A wetting agent may be added to the lacquer.  In Example 3, the alkyd resin is formed from dehydrated castor and soya-bean oils, colophony, and pentaerythritol, an adduct is formed with maleic anhydride, and the product is heated with trimethylol propane. In Example 5, the alkyd resin is formed from isomerised safflower oil, soya-bean oil, colophony and pentaerythritol.  In all the examples (a) is used in a minor proportion with respect to (b).