baber/WOPTO huggingface dataset:
Patent WO-2017039417-A1 (WO)
Inventor: KIM YOUNGTAE
IPC: H04L5/00
Filed: 2016-09-05
Abstract: La présente invention concerne un procédé et un dispositif de transmission d'un signal de découverte pour une communication véhicule-infrastructure (V2X) par un équipement utilisateur dans un système de communications sans fil. De façon plus spécifique, la présente invention comprend les étapes consistant à : recevoir une configuration de découverte pour une communication V2X, et une configuration de réserve de ressources de découverte pour une communication V2X; et transmettre un signal de découverte pour une communication V2X d'après la configuration de découverte et la configuration de réserve de ressources de découverte. La configuration de découverte indique des sous-trames dans le domaine temporel constituant une zone de ressources pour une communication V2X et des blocs de ressources dans le domaine fréquentiel pour une communication V2X. La configuration de réserve de ressources de découverte indique le nombre de retransmissions, et le signal de découverte est transmis via une unité de ressources, déterminée par le nombre maximum de blocs de ressources dans le domaine fréquentiel configurés pour la transmission du signal de découverte par l'équipement d'utilisateur et le nombre des retransmissions, dans la zone de ressources.
Patent WO-2017052345-A1 (WO)
Title: Procédé et dispositif de renvoi et de réception d'informations de harq-ack
Inventor: WANG YI
IPC: H04L1/00
Filed: 2016-09-26
Abstract: La présente invention concerne un procédé de renvoi d'informations d'accusé de réception de demande de répétition automatique hybride (HARQ-ACK). Dans le procédé selon la présente invention, un nœud B évolué (eNB) émet une affectation de liaison descendante (DL-GRANT) à l'intérieur d'une fenêtre de regroupement temps-fréquence, qui correspond à une sous-trame de liaison montante renvoyant un HARQ-ACK. Un UE reçoit une émission HARQ de liaison descendante de programmation de DL-GRANT dans la fenêtre de regroupement temps-fréquence correspondant à une sous-trame respective de liaison montante servant à renvoyer à son tour un HARQ-ACK, obtient un DAI DL dans la DL-GRANT, et détermine une valeur de transcription de chaque DL DAI; ensuite, il transcrit des bits de HARQ-ACK de la fenêtre de regroupement temps-fréquence correspondant à la sous-trame respective de liaison montante servant à renvoyer le HARQ-ACK en bits correspondants d'une suite de bits de renvoi d'après la valeur de transcription du DAI DL; et émet le HARQ-ACK sur une porteuse de liaison montante disponible. La présente invention concerne également un procédé de renvoi d'informations de HARQ-ACK. L'UE émet un HARQ-ACK sur une porteuse indiquée selon des informations d'indication d'une station de base. Au moyen du procédé et de l'appareil selon la présente invention, le rendement de renvoi du HARQ-ACK peut être augmenté et le débit de crête en liaison descendante de l'UE peut être assuré.
Patent WO-2017065592-A1 (WO)
Inventor: KOO MOONMO
IPC: H04N19/157
Filed: 2016-10-17
Abstract: The present invention provides a method for encoding a video signal comprising the steps of: performing block division with respect to a target unit of the video signal, wherein the block division is performed on the basis of square division and/or non-square division; determining the optimal block partition on the basis of a rate distortion cost, when the target unit is divided into a plurality of non-square blocks; and performing CNT prediction coding on the non-square blocks resulting from the optimal block partition, wherein the CNT prediction coding involves performing prediction using values of all pixels which have been previously decoded.
Patent WO-2018008806-A1 (WO)
Title: 대기압 유전체 장벽 방전 플라즈마를 이용한 이차전지의 분리막 처리 방법
Inventor: LIM YOUBONG
IPC: H01M10/04
Filed: 2016-11-01
Abstract: 본 발명은 이차 전지 및 그 제조 방법을 제공한다. 이차전지는 음극, 양극, 분리막, 및 전해액을 포함한다. 상기 분리막의 일면 또는 양면은 대기압 유전체 장벽 방전에 의하여 플라즈마로 친수 처리된 복수의 주기적 라인 패턴 형테의 친수 처리 영역과 비친수 처리 영역을 구비한다.
Patent WO-2017119704-A1 (WO)
Title: Plasma processing device
Inventor: SEO SANG-HUN
IPC: H01L21/687
Filed: 2017-01-04
Abstract: The present invention provides a plasma processing device. The plasma processing device comprises: an electrostatic chuck for adhering and fixing a wafer; a focus ring disposed to surround the top edge of the electrostatic chuck; an insulating tube disposed to enclose the side surface of the electrostatic chuck; and a conductive tube disposed to enclose the insulating tube.
Patent WO-2017142383-A1 (WO)
Inventor: HAN MYUNG GWAN
IPC: A61K31/198
Filed: 2017-02-20
Abstract: The present invention relates to a composition or a method for preventing or treating skin disease, and more specifically, to a composition or a method for preventing or treating allergic or inflammatory skin disease, the composition comprising N-acetyl Leukotriene E4 (N-acetyl-LTE4) or a pharmaceutically acceptable salt as an effective ingredient. The N-acetyl LTE4 alleviates itching, caused by various causes, by suppressing the generation of water-soluble cytokine, in particular, IL-2 and IL-17, and at the same time has an immunomodulatory effect. Thus, the present invention can be variously used as a composition for alleviating itching induced by histamine, chloroquine, contact dermatitis, or the like, an agent for preventing or treating allergic or inflammatory skin disease including atopic dermatitis, and the like.
Patent WO-2018097422-A1 (WO)
Title: 네트워크 보안 기능에 의해 트리거되는 트래픽 스티어링을 위한 방법 및 시스템, 이를 위한 장치
Inventor: JEONG JAEHOON
IPC: H04L29/06
Filed: 2017-04-27
Abstract: 네트워크 보안 기능(Network Security Function)에 의해 트리거되는 트래픽 스티어링(traffic steering)을 위한 방법 및 시스템, 이를 위한 장치가 개시된다. 구체적으로, 네트워크 보안 기능(NSF: Network Security Function)에 의해 트리거되는 트래픽 스티어링(traffic steering)을 지원하는 시스템에 있어서, 상기 시스템에 유입된 패킷에 대한 보안 검사를 수행하고, 상기 보안 검사의 결과에 기반하여 또 다른 NSF에 의한 추가적인 검사가 필요한지 여부를 판단하고, 상기 추가적인 검사가 필요하면, 상기 추가적인 검사를 호출하기 위한 패킷 전달 헤더(packet forwarding header)를 상기 패킷에 부착하고, 상기 패킷 전달 헤더가 부착된 패킷을 NSF 전달자(NSFF: NSF Forwarder)에게 전송하는 제1 NSF 및 상기 패킷 전달 헤더에 포함된 상기 추가적인 검사를 위해 요구되는 보안 능력을 가진 제2 NSF를 탐색한 경우, 상기 제2 NSF에게 상기 패킷을 전달하는 NSFF를 포함할 수 있다.
Patent WO-2019013372-A1 (WO)
Title: Porous support for fuel cell electrolyte membrane, fuel cell electrolyte membrane comprising same, and manufacturing methods therefor
Inventor: CHOI JONG MAN
IPC: H01M8/1069
Filed: 2017-07-14
Abstract: The present invention relates to: a porous support for a fuel cell electrolyte membrane; a fuel cell electrolyte membrane comprising the same; a membrane-electrode assembly comprising the same; and a fuel cell, and can provide a fuel cell material and a fuel cell, which have improved performance, by providing a porous support for a fuel cell electrolyte membrane, having improved mechanical properties and the like even if the elongation is increased, when compared with a conventional porous support used for a conventional electrolyte membrane.
Patent WO-2018016863-A1 (WO)
Title: 마찰저감장치 및 이를 포함하는 선박
Inventor: HAN SANG-HO
IPC: B63B3/14
Filed: 2017-07-19
Abstract: 본 발명의 일 실시 예에 따른 선박은 선체의 선수 측에 배치되고, 수중으로 공기를 분사하도록 구성된 분사구를 포함하는 제1공기저장부; 및 상기 제1공기저장부보다 선미 측에 가깝게 배치되고, 수중으로 공기를 분사하도록 구성된 분사구를 포함하며, 상기 선체의 폭 방향으로 제1간격을 두고 배치되는 복수의 제2공기저장부;를 포함하고, 상기 제1간격은 상기 제1공기저장부의 선폭 방향의 길이보다 작다.
Patent WO-2018043931-A1 (WO)
Title: 청소기
Inventor: PARK TAE SANG
IPC: A47L9/22
Filed: 2017-08-02
Abstract: 청소성능을 향상시킬 수 있도록 개선된 구조를 가지는 청소기를 개시한다. 청소기는 본체 내부에 마련되는 흡입유닛을 포함할 수 있다. 상기 흡입유닛은 축을 중심으로 회전함에 따라 공기를 흡입하도록 배치되는 임펠러 및 상기 임펠러에서 토출되는 공기를 가이드하도록 배치되는 디퓨져를 포함할 수 있다. 상기 임펠러는 허브 및 상기 허브 상에 배치되는 블레이드로서, 상기 흡입유닛으로 유입된 공기가 이동하는 방향으로 상류측에 위치하는 리딩 엣지 및 상기 흡입유닛으로 유입된 공기가 이동하는 방향으로 하류측에 위치하는 트레일링 엣지를 포함하는 블레이드를 포함할 수 있다. 상기 블레이드의 리딩 엣지는 상기 축 방향에 대하여 60도 이상 80도 이하의 경사를 형성할 수 있다.
Patent WO-2018131767-A1 (WO)
Title: 은나노 입자가 함침된 은나노 유무기 복합수지의 제조방법 및 이를 이용하여 제조된 항생물성 상수도관
Inventor: LEE HAE KYUNG
IPC: C08K3/10
Filed: 2017-08-09
Abstract: 본 발명은 항균성을 가지는 은나노 합성 세라믹 입자가 매우 균질하게 분산되고 단단히 고정되어 항생물성이 우수산 은나노 유무기 복합수지의 제조방법 및 이를 이용하여 제조되는 항생물성 상수도관에 관한 것이다.
Patent WO-2018128273-A1 (WO)
Title: 과채류 표면에 패턴을 형성하기 위한 장치
Inventor: KO YOUNG KYUN
IPC: A01G13/02
Filed: 2017-11-28
Abstract: 본 발명은 과채류 표면에 패턴을 형성하기 위한 장치에 관한 것으로, 보다 상세하게는 별도의 고정장치없이 미성숙된 과채류에 장착가능하고, 과채류의 성장에 따라 그 형상이 가변되며, 성숙된 과채류의 표면에 소정의 패턴이 명확하게 식별되도록 새길 수 있는 장치에 관한 것이다. 본 발명의 실시 형태에 따른 과채류 표면에 패턴을 형성하기 위한 장치는, 외면과 내면을 포함하고, 상기 내면에 의해 정의된 개구를 갖고, 절단된 부분이 없는 고리 형상이고, 플라스틱 재질의 부재; 및 상기 부재의 내면에 형성된 패턴;을 포함하고, 상기 부재는 제1 접힘부와 제2 접힘부를 포함하고, 상기 부재의 내면은 상기 제1 접힘부와 상기 제2 접힘부에 의해 서로 마주보는 제1 대향면과 제2 대향면을 포함하고, 상기 제1 접힘부와 상기 제2 접힘부에 의해 형성된 탄성에 의해 상기 제1 대향면과 상기 제2 대향면은 상기 개구에 배치되는 미성숙된 과채류의 표면의 양쪽을 압박하여 상기 과채류의 표면에 장착가능하고, 상기 부재의 형상은, 상기 과채류의 성장에 따른 상기 과채류의 표면 형상에 대응되도록 변화된다.
Patent WO-2019066150-A1 (WO)
Title: Stirrer
Inventor: KIM JONG BOO
IPC: A47J43/07
Filed: 2018-01-04
Abstract: A stirrer using a magnetic coupling member of the present invention allows a stirring member to stably rotate while maintaining a steady rotation axis without detaching from a floor portion of a container. The container that can contain food has a seating portion that is formed on an upper surface of the floor portion so as to have a concave spherical shape. A stirring ball has a spherical lower portion, wherein the spherical lower portion is rotatably mounted on the upper surface of the mounting portion. A magnetic shaft having a concave spherical upper surface is rotatably disposed in a lower side of the mounting portion, beneath the convex spherical lower surface. A first magnetic coupling member and a second magnetic coupling member are disposed in the stirring ball and the magnetic shaft respectively, separated from one another. One of the first and the second magnetic coupling members is a magnet, and the other one is a magnet or a magnetic body.
Patent WO-2018155811-A1 (WO)
Title: 이차전지용 플라즈마 발생장치 및 그를 포함하는 라미네이션 시스템
Inventor: LEE SANG KYUN
IPC: H05H1/48
Filed: 2018-01-09
Abstract: 본 발명은 이차전지용 플라즈마 발생장치에 관한 것으로서, 분리막을 이송하는 이송롤러, 및 상기 이송롤러에 내장되는 금속부재를 구비하는 롤러부; 및 상기 금속부재와의 상호 반응에 의해 플라즈마(plasma)를 발생시켜서 상기 분리막 표면에 패턴화된 접착력을 가진 마스크를 형성하는 플라즈마 발생부를 포함할 수 있다.
Patent WO-2019050180-A1 (WO)
Title: Secondary battery
Inventor: JANG MYUNG JAE
IPC: H01M50/562
Filed: 2018-08-13
Abstract: The present invention relates to a secondary battery which has reduced space in the height direction by means of moving a bus bar connection portion, which is electrically connected to an electrode terminal portion, to the lateral side of a case. For example, disclosed is a secondary battery comprising: an electrode assembly which comprises a first electrode plate, a second electrode plate and a separator formed between the first electrode plate and the second electrode plate; a case in which the electrode assembly is inserted and which has a floor surface and a lateral surface extending upward from the floor surface; a cap plate which is coupled to the top part of the case; a first electrode terminal portion which is electrically connected to the first electrode plate and is formed through the cap plate; and a first bus bar connection portion which is electrically connected to the first electrode terminal portion and extends from the top part of the cap plate to the lateral surface of the case.
Patent WO-2019039910-A1 (WO)
Title: Method and apparatus for detecting signal in wireless communication system
Inventor: KIM JAEWON
IPC: H04L1/20
Filed: 2018-08-24
Abstract: The present disclosure relates to a 5th generation (5G) or pre-5G communication system for supporting a higher data transfer rate beyond a 4th generation (4G) communication system, such as long term evolution (LTE). An operation method of a reception device in a wireless communication system comprises the steps of: receiving a signal transmitted through a plurality of antennas of a transmission device; determining an initial symbol vector on the basis of the signal; determining a first candidate symbol vector, on the basis of a plurality of solution vectors obtained by searching for the initial symbol vector; determining a second candidate symbol vector by changing at least one symbol value of the first candidate symbol vector; and determining a symbol vector transmitted from the transmission device, on the basis of at least a part of the second candidate symbol vector.
Patent WO-2019066423-A1 (WO)
Title: Bubble generator and washing machine having the same
Inventor: CHO HWANG-MOOK
IPC: D06F39/02
Filed: 2018-09-21
Abstract: A washing machine having a bubble generator includes a bubble spray part provided at an upper side of a tub and configured to discharge bubbles from a top to a bottom inside the tub; a wash liquid jet nozzle provided inside the bubble spray part and configured to jet wash liquid; a blowing fan provided in the bubble spray part and configured to blow air in a direction in which the wash liquid jet nozzle jets the wash liquid; and a porous plate member provided at a front end of the bubble spray part and including a plurality of holes, wherein when the wash liquid jetted from the wash liquid jet nozzle collides with the porous plate member, bubbles are generated.
Patent WO-2019074293-A1 (WO)
Title: Platform apparatus in which virtual currency corresponding to sales reward points is mined
Inventor: YOUN SUNG-WON
IPC: G06Q20/38
Filed: 2018-10-11
Abstract: The present invention comprises: a membership user server (200) for operating a membership system in the form of a web site or an application to sell products and services to member customers through customer terminals (100); a member management server (300) for generating a point wallet (301) for each member and, when products and services provided through the membership user server (200) are purchased by members, crediting reward points, applied to the products and services, to the point wallets (301) of the respective members; a virtual currency digital wallet server (400) for managing generation of virtual currency digital wallets (401) in which the details of virtual currencies possessed by members are stored, the address values thereof, and virtual currency deposit/withdrawal/balance information thereof; a virtual currency generation server (500) which, when the sales of various products and services purchased by members reach predetermined sales or predetermined points are rewarded for the purchased products and services, mines virtual currencies corresponding to the predetermined sales or points and credits the same to the virtual currency digital wallets (401) of the respective members; a virtual currency exchange server (600) for managing information on market prices of virtual currencies, converted into currencies according to countries for exchange of the virtual currencies, exchange of currencies, and virtual currency deposit/withdrawal transactions of members; and an electronic banking integrated management server (700) which, when a virtual currency is mined and provided to a member, recovers the member's points corresponding to the virtual currency to a reserve of sales reward points, and manages the reserve of sales reward points.
Patent WO-2019177244-A1 (WO)
Title: System for providing hybrid worm disk
Inventor: WOO JONG HYUN
IPC: G06F21/56
Filed: 2018-12-17
Abstract: Provided is a system for providing a hybrid worm disk, the system comprising: a network file server; and a network file server (NFS) client installed in a user terminal or a service server and communicatively connected to the network file server which is located remotely from the NFS client. Here, the network file server has a mode setting function which allows a disk drive, which is mounted in the form of a network drive in the user terminal or the service server, to operate in any one of a general disk mode in which creating, reading, modifying, deleting, and the like are possible, and a Write Once Read Many (WORM) disk mode in which only creating and reading are possible. The network file server can check whether a file with an identical filename exists, when a file creation request is received from the NFS client during the operation of the disk drive in the WORM disk mode, and can allow a corresponding file to be created within a preset change valid time range if no file with an identical filename exists.
Patent WO-2019146932-A1 (WO)
Title: Adaptive wireless power transmission method and apparatus
Inventor: SONG IL JONG
IPC: H02J50/90
Filed: 2019-01-08
Abstract: The present invention relates to a wireless power transmission method and apparatus, and a wireless power transmitter according to one embodiment of the present invention may comprise: an inverter; a transmission coil for wirelessly transmitting an AC power signal received from the inverter; a receiver sensor for generating first and second output signals by using at least an inverter input voltage applied to the inverter and a coil voltage applied to the transmission coil; and a main controller that identifies an object disposed in a charging area on the basis of the first and second output signals and controls the inverter input voltage according to the identification result. Accordingly, the present invention has an advantage of being able to provide a wireless power transmission apparatus having excellent charging efficiency and heat generation performance.
Patent WO-2020013412-A1 (WO)
Title: Method for wfd connection and wireless device using same
Inventor: PARK GIWON
IPC: H04L29/08
Filed: 2019-02-08
Abstract: A method by which a first wireless device operating in a first operating channel performs a WFD connection, according to the present embodiment, comprises the steps of: transmitting, to a second wireless device, first information about a first operating channel and second information, about a first intent value preset, for a group owner, in a first wireless device; receiving, from the second wireless device, third information about a second operating channel of the second wireless device and fourth information, about a second intent value preset, for the group owner, in the second wireless device; determining a P2P operating channel for a WFD connection on the basis of the first information and the third information; transmitting information about the P2P operating channel to the second wireless device; and transmitting a DPP approval request frame to the second wireless device, if the first intent value is greater than the second intent value.
Patent WO-2019194486-A1 (WO)
Title: Method and apparatus for discarding buffered data while keeping connection in cp-up separation
Inventor: KIM SEOKJUNG
IPC: H04W76/27
Filed: 2019-04-01
Abstract: A method and apparatus for discarding a buffered data in a wireless communication system is described. A central unit (CU) user plane (UP) of a gNB receives a buffered data discard indication from a CU-control plane (CU-CP) of the gNB, and discards buffered data for a user equipment (UE) based on the buffered data discard indication. Even after discarding the buffered data, UE context is still kept. The CU-CP is a logical node constituting the gNB that hosts a radio resource control (RRC) protocol and a packet data convergence protocol (PDCP)-C protocol, and the CU-UP is a logical node constituting the gNB that hosts a PDCP-U protocol.
Patent WO-2020159002-A1 (WO)
Inventor: LEE JAE HEE
IPC: A61F2/90
Filed: 2019-04-04
Abstract: 스텐트 및 그 제작 방법이 개시된다. 본 발명의 실시 예에 따른, 원통형 몸체에 둘레방향(X)과 및 길이방향(Y)으로 복수의 핀(P)이 배치된 지그를 통해 제작되는 스텐트는, 와이어 부재가 상기 지그에 배치된 핀(P)을 통해 소정 폭의 상기 둘레방향(X)으로 엮어진 지그재그 패턴을 형성하고, 상기 둘레방향(X)으로 형성된 복수의 지그재그 패턴이 서로 간섭된 상태로 소정 간격(W)의 길이방향으로 배열되어 마름모 패턴의 메쉬(Mesh) 구조를 이루는 원통형 구조체로 구성되며, 상기 원통형 구조체는 중앙부에 형성된 A타입 마름모 패턴의 길이방향(Y)으로 형성된 제1 교차각도에 비해 상기 구조체의 양단부에 형성된 B타입 마름모 패턴의 길이방향(Y)으로 형성된 제2 교차각도가 작게 형성되는 이중 패턴으로 구성되는 것을 특징으로 한다.
Patent WO-2020213763-A1 (WO)
Title: Method and system for verifying block-chain data stored in storage having different format from block-chain
Inventor: LEE JEEHONG
IPC: G06F16/21
Filed: 2019-04-18
Abstract: Provided are a method and system for verifying block-chain data stored in a storage having a different format from block-chain. According to embodiments of the present invention, a data verification method performed by a computer device may comprise the steps of: querying first block information of a block to be verified from a block-chain; querying second block information of the block to be verified from a storage storing block information of the block-chain in a different structure; and comparing, by at least one processor, the first block information with the second block information to verify the validity of the second block information of the block to be verified, which is stored in the storage.
Patent WO-2019216579-A1 (WO)
Title: Wearable electronic device with water repellent structure using speaker module and method for sensing moisture penetration thereof
Inventor: HAN BYUNGGON
IPC: G06F1/16
Filed: 2019-04-24
Abstract: An electronic device having a water repellent structure is disclosed in the present invention. The disclosed electronic device comprises: a housing; a speaker module disposed inside the housing and connected to the outside of the electronic device; a sensing module disposed inside the housing and connected to the outside of the electronic device; and a processor connected to the sensing module and the speaker module, wherein the processor may be configured to determine whether foreign matter is present by means of the sensing module and output a signal in a specified frequency range so as to move at least a portion of the foreign matter to the outside by means of the speaker module on the basis of the sensing result.
Patent WO-2020022687-A1 (WO)
Inventor: HWANG SUNGHEE
IPC: H04N21/2362
Filed: 2019-07-16
Abstract: The present invention relates to a method and a device for efficiently transmitting a plurality of images. In addition, the present invention relates to a method and a device for receiving the efficiently transmitted plurality of images. Disclosed is a method for transmitting images, the method comprising: acquiring a plurality of input images; generating a packed image by combining the plurality of input images on the basis of a packing structure; and generating and transmitting a bitstream comprising packing structure information and the packed image.
Patent WO-2021025197-A1 (WO)
Inventor: SONG IN SU
IPC: H04M1/02
Filed: 2019-08-06
Abstract: Provided is a roll-slide mobile terminal having a flexible display in which a front surface area is expanded or retracted, in order to solve a problem in which the flexible display cannot stably be supported when expanded, the roll-slide mobile terminal comprising: a first frame; a second frame which slides in a first direction with respect to the first frame; a flexible display unit having a front surface provided on the front surface of the first frame, wound around an end portion in a first direction of the second frame and provided over the rear surface of the second frame, and expanding or retracting a front surface area according to the movement of the second frame; and an expansion support part which expands in the first direction to support the front surface area of the display unit in response to the expansion of the front surface area of the display unit.
Patent WO-2021033810-A1 (WO)
Title: Injectable composition for tissue repair and preparation method therefor
Inventor: KIM JU HEE
IPC: A61K9/00
Filed: 2019-08-22
Abstract: The present invention relates to an injectable composition for tissue repair. According to the present invention, an injectable composition for tissue repair and a method for preparing same can be provided, in which the injectable composition as a ready-to-use injectable composition without the need for dilution before use induces an immediate tissue repair effect and collagen production, thus exhibiting a long-lasting tissue repair effect, and further comprises a polynucleotide, and thus can restore skin health damaged by aging and stimuli, through improvement in physiological environments in the body. In addition, in the injectable composition for tissue repair according to the present invention, natural extracts are uniformly mixed in microparticles using a biodegradable polymer, and thus, when the microparticles are injected as an injection, the occurrence of side effects such as inflammatory responses, edema, and dermal necrosis can be prevented.