Patent GB-1055925-A (GB)
Title: Stable emulsions containing electrolytes
IPC: C09K23/00
Filed: 1964-03-03
Abstract: Mono- and di-phosphate esters of a condensation product of one mole of an organic compound of at least 6 carbon atoms having a reactive hydrogen atom and at least one mole of an alkylene oxide are used as emulsifiers (see Division B1).  In said condensation product not less than 10% ethylene oxide is used. Specified compounds containing at least 6 carbon atoms are:  phenols, aliphatic alcohols, mercapto compounds (dodecyl, oleyl, cetyl mercaptans, thiophenol, thionaphthol), carboxylic acid amides, sulphonamides and amines.  In addition to ethylene oxide, propylene or butylene oxide or compounds yielding alkylene oxides, e.g. epichlorohydrin, may be used. Preferably, 1 mole of P2O5 is reacted with 2 to 4.5 moles of the condensation product under anhydrous conditions and below 110 DEG  C. where said product is an ether.  The reaction with P2O5 may be carried out in the presence of phosphorous and hypophosphorous acid or salts or esters of said acids. Monoesters and diesters can also be produced by reacting the triester with phosphoric acid.  A large number of condensation products suitable for conversion to the phosphate esters are specified and examples are given in which a phosphate triester is prepared by reacting 3 moles of the condensation product of dinonyl phenol and 4 moles of ethylene oxide, with 1 mole of POCl3 in the presence of 1 mole of pyridine and benzene, the POCl3 being added dropwise at 0 DEG  C. and the temperature not being allowed to rise above 10 DEG  C.  The mixture is refluxed and solvent removed by vacuum distillation. One mole of phosphoric acid is added respectively to 0.5 to 2 moles of the triester at room temperature to obtain the mono- or diester.ALSO:A stable emulsion of an organic pesticide (as liquid or dissolved solid) and at least 10% of a fertilizer salt (as an aqueous solution) is produced using 0.1-10% of a mono- or di-phosphate ester of a condensate of ethylene oxide and a phenol, thiophenol, alcohol, polyglycol, amine, mercaptan, thionaphthol, carboxylic acid, amide, or sulphonamide.  The fertilizer salt may be ammonium nitrate or phosphate or potassium chloride.  Urea may also be present.ALSO:Emulsions comprising a water-insoluble organic compound which is a liquid or is in solution in a water immiscible organic solvent, water and at least 10% by weight of a water-soluble electrolyte which may be in high concentration, are obtained with the acid of a mono-or di-phosphate ester of a compound which can be produced by condensation of one mole of an organic compound having an active hydrogen atom and at least six carbon atoms with at least one mole of an alkylene oxide, said condensation compound containing at least 10% of ethylene oxide.  The specified water-in-soluble organic compounds are biocides (DDT, DDD, 2,4-D and esters, 2, 4, 5-T and esters, Toxaphene, Chlorodane, Dilan, Nicotine sulphate, Dieldrin, Lindane, B.H.C., C.P.R., I.P.C., Chloro I.P.C., Methoxychlor, Aldrin, Parathion, dichlorobromopropane, heptachlor (chemical names supplied)). Specified solvents for the organic compounds are compounds of aromatic (benzene, toluene, xylene), aliphatic, cyclo-aliphatic, or heterocyclic nature, and mixtures of materials, e.g. kerosenes, mineral spirits and other commercial products.  The water-soluble electrolytes specified are fertiliser materials (ammonium nitrate, ammonium phosphate, potassium chloride) to which urea may be added.  The emulsifying agent may be obtained by reacting with P2O5 or POCl3, the condensation product of ethylene oxide, propylene oxide, butylene oxide or compounds, e.g. epichlorbydrin, yielding such oxides, and the following reactive-hydrogen containing compounds: phenols, dinonyl, nonyl, doecyl, hexadecyl, tri-n-octyl, di-i-hexyl, tri-n-butyl, butyl henyl, and ethyl heptyl phenols), thiophenols (dinonyl), alcohols (tridecyl, n-hexyl, i-octyl, nonyl, ceryl alcohols, octadecanol, hexadecanol, 1-eicosanol, 1-dotriacontanol, 1-octacosanol, 1-nonacosanol, 1-triacontanol, 1-tetratriacontanol), poly glycols (polypropylene glycol), mercaptans, dodecyl, oleyl, cetyl, dinonyl), thionaphthol, carboxylic acids (oleic, stearic), amides (stearamide, tetradecyl-benzamide), sulphonamides (dodecylbenzene, decyl), and amines (soya bean oil amine, rosin amine, i-octylamine).  Numerous examples are given of various combinations of the above constituents of the condensation product and of the above emulsion components.ALSO:Emulsions comprising a water-insoluble organic biocide which is a liquid or is in solution in a water-immiscible organic solvent, water and at least 10% by weight of a water-soluble electrolyte, are obtained with the aid of a mono- or di-phosphate ester of a compound which can be produced by condensation of one mole of an organic compound having an active hydrogen atom and at least six carbon atoms with at least one mole of an alkylene oxide, said condensation compound containing at least 10% of ethylene oxide. The specified water-insoluble organic biocides are DDT, DDD, 2,4-D and esters, 2,4,5-T and esters, Toxaphene, Chlordane, Dilan, Nicotine sulphate, Dieldrin, Lindane, B.H.C., C.P.R., I.P.C., Chloro I.P.C., Methoxychlor, Aldrin, Parathion, dichlorobromopropane, Heptachlor (chemical names supplied). Specified solvents for the biocides are compounds of aromatic (benzene, toluene, xylene), aliphatic, cycloaliphatic, or heterocyclic nature, and mixtures of materials, e.g. kerosenes, mineral spirits and other commercial products.  The water-soluble electrolytes specified are fertiliser materials (ammonium nitrate, ammonium phosphate, potassium chloride) to which urea may be added. The emulsifying agent may be obtained by reacting with P2O5 or POCl3, the condensation product of ethylene oxide, propylene oxide, butylene oxide or compounds, e.g. epichlorhydrin, yielding such oxides, and the following reactive-hydrogen containing compounds. phenols (dinonyl, nonyl, dodecyl, hexadecyl, tri-n-octyl, di-i-hexyl, tri-n-butyl, butyl hexyl, and ethyl heptyl phenols), thiophenols (dinonyl), alcohols (tridecyl, n-hexyl, i-octyl, nonyl, ceryl alcohols, octadecanol, hexadecanol, 1-eicosanol, 1-dotriacontanol, 1-octacosanol, 1-nonacosanol, 1-triacontanol, 1- tetra-triacontanol), polyglycols (polypropylene glycol), mercaptans (dodecyl, oleyl, cetyl, dinonyl), thionaphthol, carboxylic acids (oleic, stearic), amides (stearamide, tetradecylbenzamide), sulphonamides (dodecylbenzene, decyl), and amines (soya bean oil amine, resin amine, i-octylamine).  Numerous examples are given of various combinations of the above constituents of the condensation product and of the above emulsion components.