Patent GB-845135-A (GB)
Title: Lubricating oil compositions
IPC: C10M149/10
Filed: 1957-12-30
Abstract: Copolymers, having a molecular weight between 50,000 and 2,500,000, are prepared in the presence of suitable catalysts from (a) a vinyl pyridine, (b) a mixture of at least two acrylate esters of dissimilar aliphatic alcohols each containing from 10 to 20 carbon atoms, wherein (1) the average number of carbon atoms of the esterifying alcohols is from 10 to 16; (2) at least one pair of esters derived from alcohols differing by at least 4 carbon atoms is present in a mol ratio of from 1:10 to 10:1 and (3) the total amount of the numbers of pairs of esters as mentioned under (2) is more than 50 mol per cent of the mixture; (c) at least one acrylate ester of an aliphatic alcohol containing from 1 to 4 carbon atoms; the acrylate esters are derived from acrylic acid or an alpha-alkyl acrylic acid containing up to 4 carbon atoms in the alpha alkyl substituent, and the mol ratio (a): (b+c) is from 2:1 to 1:15 and the amount of (c) is from 10 to 80 mol per cent of (b).  Examples of vinyl pyridines which may be used are 2-vinyl pyridine, 3 vinyl pyridine, 4-vinyl pyridine, 2-methyl-5-vinyl pyridine, 4-methyl-2-vinylpyridine, 5-ethyl-2-vinyl pyridine and 2-butyl-5-vinyl pyridine.  The higher acrylate esters (b) are derived from e.g. decyl, dodecyl, tetradecyl, hexadecyloctadecyland eicosyl alcohols and the lower acrylate esters (c) are derived from methyl, ethyl, propyl and butyl alcohols. Polymerization catalysts which may be used are benzoyl, lauryl, di(tert-butyl) and hydrogen peroxides, tert-butyl hydroperoxide, 2, 2-bis (tertbutyl peroxy) butane, sodium or potassium persulphate, sodium or potassium percarbonate, peracetic acid, sodium bisulphite, diethyl sulphoxide and a  - a  1 azodi-isobutylonitrile.  The products are used as lubricating oil additives.  Specification 818,254 is referred to.ALSO:A lubricating oil composition comprises a major proportion of a lubricating oil and a minor proportion of an oil-soluble copolymer having a molecular weight between 50,000 and 2,500,000 of (a) a vinylpyridine, (b) a mixture of at least two acrylate esters of dissimilar aliphatic alcohols each containing from 10 to 20 carbon atoms, wherein (1) the average number of carbon atoms of the esterifying alcohols is from 10 to 16, (2) at least one pair of esters derived from alcohols differing by at least 4 carbon atoms is present in a mol ratio of from 1:10 to 10:1 and (3) the total amount of the members of pairs of esters as mentioned under (2) is more than 50 mol per cent of the mixture, (c) at least one acrylate ester of an aliphatic alcohol containing from 1 to 4 carbon atoms, wherein the acrylate esters are derived from acrylic acid or an alpha alkyl acrylic acid containing up to 4 carbon atoms in the alpha alkyl substituent, the mol ratio (a):(b and c) is from 2:1 to 1:15 and the amount of (c) is from 10 to 80 mol per cent of (b).  The lubricating oils used may be mineral oils obtained from paraffinic, naphthenic, asphaltic or mixed base crude or mixtures thereof and may be blended with fatty oils such as castor oil or lard oil, and/or with synthetic lubricants such as polymerized olefins, copolymers of alkylene glycols and the alkylene oxides, organic esters (e.g. 2-ethyl hexyl sebacate) and silicone polymers (e.g. dimethyl silicone polymers). The composition generally contains 0.1 to 10% of the copolymer additive and may be modified by the addition of 0.01 to 2% of other materials such as corrosion inhibitors e.g. sodium and lithium nitrite, diisopropylammonium nitrite, dicyclohexyl ammonium nitrite, and calcium or zinc dicyclohexylthiophosphate or methylcyclohexylthiophosphate; extreme pressure agents such as trichloroethyl phosphite, tricresyl phosphate, dilorol phosphate, phosphorus pentasulphide-terpene reaction products, wax disulphide, and ethylene bistolyl sulphide; anti-wear agents such as neutral or basic calcium petroleum sulphonate and/or neutral or basic calcium salts of octyl phenolformaldehyde condensation products; and anti-oxidants such as octadecylamine, and 2-6-ditert butyl-4-methyl-phenol.  Specification 818,254 is referred to.