baber/WOPTO huggingface dataset:
Patent GB-1512488-A (GB)
Title: Tactile feedback push-button switch
IPC: H01H13/702
Filed: 1976-05-11
Abstract: 1512488 Retractive switches BURROUGHS CORP 11 May 1976 [11 June 1975] 19308/76 Heading H1N To provide tactile and audible indication of the operation of a keyboard switch and to assist in preventing both premature electrical contact and contact bounce, a switch assembly includes (a) relatively rigid means 14 with a first contact 16 thereon, (b) a flexible diaphragm means 22 spaced from means 14 and deflectable to engage a second contact 24 thereon with the contact 16, (c) push-button means 28 with a pair of depending legs 36 mounted for movement toward and away from the contacts 24 and 16 and disposed on the side of the diaphragm 22 opposite to the means 14 for applying pressure to the diaphragm 22 to thereby effect closure of the contacts 24, 16, and (d) spring means 30 disposed between the depending legs 36 for yieldably resisting movement of the pushbutton means 28 and including a beam 56 which buckles at a first predetermined pressure and thereafter provides less resistance such that a second relatively low predetermined pressure will ensure closure of the contacts 24, 16. As shown, a plurality of push buttons 28 are retained by frames 40 in respective apertures moulded in a hardened plastics top member 10. Contacts 24 on the underside of diaphragm 22 (which is translucent) are split by gaps 66 to provide four ends interconnected by conductors 68 to ensure reliable contact with the double bars of the printed-circuit contacts 16 on base 14. A thin dielectric separator 18 between diaphragm 22 and base 14 has a pair of apertures 20 for each switch, the dividing strip 60 providing for a degree of rocking of button 28 while arcuate ends 58 of legs 36 allow for transverse rocking of the button. A thin rubber pad 26 between buttons 28 and diaphragm 22 serves to hermetically seal the conductive elements and provides a high spring rate resilience after engagement of the contacts which absorbs vibration and prevents contact bounce.
Patent GB-1224381-A (GB)
Title: Device for protection of man against electrical shock from electric locomotive contact network, especially in pits and mines
Inventor: ALIVOV IVAN MATVEEVICH
IPC: H02H5/12
Filed: 1968-04-24
Abstract: 1,224,381. Protective arrangements. DONETSKY GOSUDARSTVENNY PROEKTNOKONSTRUKTORSKY I EXPERIMENTALNY INSTITUT KOMPLEXNOI MEKHANIZATSII SHAKHT. 24 April, 1968, No. 19346/68. Heading H2K. In an earth leakage protective arrangement for a locomotive trolley wire system 12, high frequency current from an oscillator 8 is superimposed on the line 12 and a phase comparator 2 provides an output to a control circuit 24 to effect the opening of contactor 15 to interrupt the supply from a rectifier 14 when earth leakage occurs, e.g. due to a person touching a trolley wire. The comparator 2 also provides an output to an amplifier 3 which with a delay energizes control winding 26 of a "self adjusting inductor" 1 to change the impedance of a winding 25 and so alter the parameters of the arrangement that the comparator ceases to provide an output and the contactor recloses unless prevented from doing so by an insulation monitoring device 29. This device comprises a bridge 32. . . 35 with a diode 36 and the trolley wire system connected across one limb 35. A A.C. supply is connected one diagonal and a relay 31 is connected across the other diagonal of the bridge. If the insulation resistance of the trolley is less than a predetermined value, the bridge is unbalanced and the relay 31 is energized to prevent the control circuit 24 from reclosing the contactor. The phase comparator 1 compares the H.F. current flowing through a current transformer 2 with a voltage derived from the oscillator through a phase shifter 9 and a voltage transformer 5.
Patent GB-284737-A (GB)
Title: An improved rail anchor or anti-creep device for railway rails
IPC: E01B13/02
Filed: 1926-08-06
Abstract: 284,737. Meyer, P. B. Aug. 6, 1926. Creeping of rails, preventing.-A creep-anchor comprises a lever e pivoted on a clip b embracing the rail flange a, the lever having a long arm e<2> engaging the sleeper f and extending continuously upwards and away from the sleeper so that the end of the short arm e<1> which engages the rail base faces away from the sleeper. The clip may be formed from a rod, preferably of spring steel, and has hooked ends c<1>, d<1> engaging over the rail flange. In a modification, Fig. 4, one arm of the clip has two recesses j, k, the former engaging the rail flange while the clip is applied and the latter while the clip is in service. The clip may have rectangular ends with a circular portion to receive the lever. One of the Provisional Specifications states that the lever may be bent around the clip, or may terminate in an eccentric pivot engaging the rail base, while the clip may consist of two intersecting arms connected by a transverse member, the lever engaging either the rail base or the intersecting arms. The other Provisional Specification states that the lever may terminate in a cam or may have arms of equal length but unequal weight, while the centre may be corrugated and the pivot formed by punched strips.
Patent GB-1363597-A (GB)
Title: 2-acyloxy-benzoic acid anilides process for their preparation and their insecticidal and acaricidal use
IPC: A01N37/40
Filed: 1972-04-27
Abstract: 1363597 Acyloxybenzoic acid anilides BAYER AG 27 April 1972 [28 April 1971] 19577/72 Heading C2C 2 - Acyloxybenzoic acid anilides of the general formula in which X and Y, which may be the same or different, are chlorine, bromine or tertiary butyl, or X is hydrogen and Y is nitro, or Y is hydrogen and X is chlorine, R<SP>1</SP> is alkyl or alkoxy with up to 6 carbon atoms (but must be alkoxy with up to 4 carbon atoms when Y is hydrogen), R<SP>2</SP> is alkyl or haloalkyl with up to 4 carbon atoms, halogen, nitro, or an alkoxycarbonyloxy or acyloxy radical with up to 4 carbon atoms, R<SP>3</SP> is hydrogen, alkyl, alkoxycarbonyloxy, haloalkyl, alkoxy or alkylmercapto with up to 4 carbon atoms, or halogen or nitro, and n is 1, 2 or 3, with the proviso that R<SP>3</SP> is not H when, simultaneously, X and Y are Br, R<SP>2</SP> is halogen or haloalkyl, and R<SP>1</SP> is alkyl, are prepared by reacting a 2-hydroxybenzoic acid anilide or salt thereof of the general formula in which M is hydrogen or an equivalent amount of a cation with an acid chloride of the general formula R<SP>1</SP>-CO-Cl. Insecticidal and acaricidal compositions comprise a compound of Formula I and a suitable carrier or diluent.
Patent GB-759312-A (GB)
Title: Improvements in quenching devices
IPC: C21D1/667
Filed: 1954-07-05
Abstract: 759,312. Quenching devices. CATERPILLAR TRACTOR CO. July 5, 1954 [July 23, 1953], No. 19598/54. Class 72. An apparatus for quenching heat treated cylindrical members comprises a tube having a receiving portion, a quench chamber portion, and a stop member, the stop member detaining the cylindrical member in the quench chamber and means being provided to displace the stop member and drop the cylindrical member out of the quench chamber. As shown, applied to the quenching of a heated bearing, the bearing 25 is held in a quench chamber by a stop member 35 which may be moved out of the path of the bearing by a hydraulic device 40, thus allowing the quenched bearing to drop on to a curved trough 30 and a conveyer 45 while the quenching fluid falls straight down. The quenching chamber may comprise a body 13 with a central tubular portion, formed in two portions 11, 12 with a downwardly sloping annular ring 27 between them, spaced therefrom. The lower portion 12 may have a series of bores 41, the slope of which may vary from top to bottom, leading from the annular space between body and tube to the interior of the tube where the bearing is supported on the stop 35. Guides 33 may maintain the bearing in position. Quenching fluid is led into the annular space and thence through the bores 41 and the annular ring 27. The width of the annular ring 27 may be adjusted by varying the relative position of the part 12 on the bolts 19.
Patent GB-147659-A (GB)
Title: Gasoline or petroleum gas producing apparatus
IPC: C10J1/10
Filed: 1920-07-08
Abstract: 147,659. Avray, M. de V. d'. Dec. 11, 1913, [Convention date]. Void [Published under Sect. 91 of the Act]. Norias and bucket-elevator apparatus.-In a carburetted-air plant, air is forced by an automatically - reciprocated bell M to a holder D from which it passes to a carburettor 43 supplied with liquid hydrocarbon from a reservoir 44. The liquid hydrocarbon is raised bv a bucket-chain 24 automatically controlled by the the reciprocation of the bell M and passes through troughs 40, 41 to the carburettor, the position of the trough 40 being adjustable to vary the proportion of liquid to air.
Patent GB-405884-A (GB)
Title: Manufacture of cellulose esters
IPC: C08B3/22
Filed: 1933-07-11
Abstract: Cellulose esters insoluble in the usual organic solvents are obtained by treating cellulose or a cellulose conversion product with an organic anhydride as acylating agent in presence of a catalyst in such manner that the structure of the parent material is retained, and the acylating mixture adhering to the product is removed by washing with an agent which does not react with the acylating agent but which is a solvent for both the catalyst and the acylating agent, and then removing the adherent washing agent by distillation.  The process avoids the deleterious action of aqueous organic acids experienced when using water as washing agent, and facilitates recovery of the chemicals employed.  As parent material for the production of the cellulose esters there may be used cotton, wood pulp, regenerated cellulose obtained from viscose ammoniacal copper oxide solution or quaternary ammonium salt solution, or denitrated nitrocellulose.  The material may be loose or in the form of threads, skeins, or fabrics.  Acetic, propionic, butyric, valeric, mono-chloracetic, and phthalic anhydride are specified as acylating agents.  The catalyst may be sodium or potassium acetate, sulphuric acid, zinc chloride, or copper sulphate.  The reaction may take place in presence of benzene, xylene, chlorbenzene, perchlorethylene, or pyridine.  The cellulosic material may be subjected to the swelling action of an acid, alkali, or salt solution prior to acetylation.  In an example cotton linters or wood pulp are treated with caustic potash solution, pressed or centrifuged, and washed.  The material is immersed in saturated potassium acetate solution, centrifuged, and dried.  It is then heated with acetic anhydride.  The cellulose ester obtained is washed with glacial acetic acid, and dried by heating in a vacuum, the acetic acid vapour being recovered.  In another example, viscose artificial silk, after impregnation with potassium acetate and drying, is heated with acetic anhydride.  The product is drained, and then washed with methyl acetate which is subsequently removed by means of a current of warm air.  In another example, the cellulosic material is pretreated with acetic acid and acetylated with a mixture of acetic anhydride, acetic acid, and zinc chloride to any stage up to the diacetate stage.  The product is washed with glacial acetic acid and then dried with recovery of acetic acid.
Patent GB-453463-A (GB)
Title: Method and arrangement for producing regulating biasses
IPC: H04N5/06
Filed: 1934-12-05
Abstract: 453,463. Television. RADIOAKT.- GES. D. S. LOEWE, 10, Wiesenweg, Steglitz, Berlin. Dec. 5, 1934, No. 19660/35. Convention date, Dec. 6, 1933. Divided out of 451,578. [Classes 40 (iii) and 40 (v)] Synchronizing signals, isolated by a gasfilled hot-cathode valve 9, Fig. 1, are used to control the amplification of the receiver. The signals are applied to the resistance condenser combination 14, 13 and a lead 9 is taken to the grids of the amplifier valves. Alternatively, the signals may first be amplified by a valve 15, Fig. 2. Specification 447,401 is referred to.
Patent GB-1089808-A (GB)
Title: Process for preparing sulphonic acids
IPC: B01J19/08
Filed: 1966-05-04
Abstract: Sulphonic acids are prepared by treating a saturated aliphatic or cycloaliphatic hydrocarbon containing 10-30 carbon atoms per molecule, or a mixture of such hydrocarbons, with a gaseous mixture comprising SO2 and O2 which has previously been exposed to high energy ionizing radiation.  Suitable radiation is, for example, gamma radiation, e.g. from cobalt 60, beta radiation, e.g. from strontium 90.  Spent fuel elements from nuclear reactors, radiation from the nuclear reactor itself, X-rays or accelerated electrons may also be used.  The reaction temperature can be between 20 DEG  and 100 DEG C. and suitable pressures are 0-50 atmospheres.  The molar ratio of 502 to 02 is preferably in the range 4: 1 to 20: 1 and the gaseous mixture may be from 10 to 1000 times the volume of the hydrocarbon used. Suitable hydrocarbons are cetane, mineral oil or paraffin oil fractions of refineries.  A mixture of SO2 and air may be used.  To increase the residence time in the radiation zone the gaseous mixture can be bubbled through an inert solvent such as highly branched hydrocarbon, and then introduced into the reaction zone in fine distribution, e.g. through an annular device.  The reaction may be batchwise or continuous, the continuous process may be carried out in one or two vessels. The acids formed are preferably removed continuously from the reaction zone, e.g. by settling vessels, centrifuging or extraction by solvents such as liquid SO2 or water. The salts of the acids can be used as biodegradable detergents.
Patent GB-1315053-A (GB)
Title: Process for the manufacture of 1,1,2,2,-tetrahydro-perfluoro-alkan ols
IPC: C07C31/40
Filed: 1971-06-09
Abstract: 1315053 Fluoroalcohols FARBWERKE HOECHST AG 9 June 1971 [10 June 1970] 19700/71 Heading C2E Compounds of formula R f CH 2 CH 2 OH, in which Rf is a C 4-16 -perfluoroalkyl group, are prepared by reaction of an iodide R f CH 2 CH 2 I with nitric acid to give a nitrate and subjecting this to catalytic hydrogenation. The compounds C 6 F 13 CH 2 CH 2 ONO 2  and C 6 F 13 CH 2 CH 2 ONO are prepared in comparative examples by reaction of the compound with nitric acid, or with sodium nitrite and sulphuric acid.
Patent GB-275230-A (GB)
Title: Process of producing yellow dyeings on cellulose esters or cellulose ethers
IPC: D06P3/34
Filed: 1927-07-25
Abstract: 275,230. I. G. Farbenindustrie Akt.- Ges. July 29, 1926, [Convention date]. Monoazo dyes.-Monosulphonated arylazodiarylamines containing at least one nitro group in the diarylamine complex are employed to produce yellow dyeings on cellulose esters and ethers. The dyestuffs are made by condensing nitro- or dinitro-chlorbenzenesulphonic acids with aminoazo dyestuffs or by condensing nitro- or dinitrochlorbenzene with monosulphonated aminoazo dyestuffs; other groups e.g. amino, methylamino, oxy, and methoxy may also be present. In examples, (1) acetate silk is dyed an intense golden-yellow shade by 4-benzeneazo-2<1>: 6<1>- dinitro-4<1>-sulphodiphenylamine; (2) acetate silk is dyed a fast yellow shade by 4-benzeneazo-4<1>- nitro-2<1>-sulphodiphenylamine.
Patent GB-517322-A (GB)
Title: Improvements in and relating to aileron and elevator controls in aircraft
IPC: B64C13/00
Filed: 1938-07-04
Abstract: 517,322. Controlling aircraft. OWEN, SIR H. CUNLIFFE-, FISHER, W. GARROW-, FOWLER, L. J. P.. and PANGBORN, C. July 4, 1938, No. 19733. [Class 4] An aircraft control device comprises an arm mounted in front of the pilot and above the floor of the cockpit and carrying a relatively movable control wheel or handle for adjusting one control, for example, the ailerons, the arm being displaceable towards and away from the pilot for adjusting another control, for example, the elevators. In the form shown in Fig. 2, the arm 1 is mounted horizontally on a pivot 2 at the side of the pilot's seat 13, fore and aft movement controlling, the elevators through wires 4 passing over a sector 3, while rotation of the wheel 5 controls the ailerons through cables 8. The arm may comprise two links so arranged that the wheel 5 remains always at right angles to the direction of flight. In the form shown in Fig. 6, the control arm 11 is mounted on a trolley 12 running on rails 13<1> at the side of the pilot's seat 13, the aileron controls cable 8 passing over pulleys 15 and over a jockey pulley on the floor. The control arm may in certain cases depend from a support above the pilot's head.
Patent GB-215231-A (GB)
Title: Improvements in and relating to alloys
IPC: C22C38/18
Filed: 1923-08-01
Abstract: 215,231. British Thomson-Houston Co., Ltd., (General Electric Co.). Aug. 1, 1923. Alloys. - A heat-resisting alloy suitable for electric heaters, annealing-boxes, furnace structures &c., consists of an iron base with 15-35 per cent of chromium and 5-12 per cent of aluminium, preferably about 25 per cent of chromium and 10 per cent of aluminium. The steel from which it is made may contain 0.02 per cent or less of carbon, 0.04 per cent or less of sulphur, 0.03 per cent or less of phosphorus and 0.15 per cent or less of silicon. About 1 per cent of a grain refining and purifying element such as titanium, zirconium, molybdenum, uranium, or vanadium may be added. The alloy is preferably made in the manner described in Specification 179,306.
Patent GB-599837-A (GB)
Title: The preparation of new polymerisable organic materials and polymers and copolymers thereof
IPC: C08F36/20
Filed: 1945-08-01
Abstract: Polymerizable esters are made by reacting a half ester acid chloride of a dicarboxylic acid of not more than ten carbon atoms and an allyl or an alpha-methyl and/or beta methyl or halogen substituted allyl ester of a hydroxy acid, which contains one hydroxy and one carboxy group and two or three carbon atoms, with a dihydric alcohol so as to form a hexaester of the formula CH2=CX1.CX2H.O.CO. R1.O.CO.R2CO.O.Z.O.CO.R3.CO.O.R4.CO.O. CX3H.CX4=CH2, where X1 and X4 are hydrogen, halogen, or methyl, X2 and X3 are hydrogen or methyl, R1 and R4 are divalent hydrocarbon radicals of one or two carbon atoms, R2 and R3 are nothing or divalent hydrocarbon radicals of not more than 8 carbon atoms, and Z is a divalent organic radical.  The products may be polymerized, e.g. in presence of a polymerization catalyst at raised temperatures.  Allyl esters specified are those derived from allyl, a - or b -methallyl, and b -chlorallyl alcohols and glycollic, lactic or hydracrylic acids, and these may be prepared in presence of a catalyst such as p-toluene sulphonic acid.  These esters may be reacted with dicarboxylic acid dichlorides, or alternatively with dicarboxylic anhydride followed by reaction with a mineral acid chloride, to give the half ester acid chlorides. Dihydric alcohols specified are ethylene, trimethylene, a -propylene and di- and other poly-ethylene glycols, and dicarboxylic acids specified are glutaric, adipic, sebacic, succinic and phthalic acids. The hexaesters may be purified by fractional crystallization or distillation.  A polymerization catalyst specified is benzoyl peroxide, which may be used in an amount up to 5 per cent by weight of the hexaester, which may be polymerized alone or in admixture with methyl methacrylate, vinyl chloride, vinyl acetate, styrene, maleic anhydride, dyes, pigments, fibrous, and mineral fillers.  The esters may be used to bond sheets of fibrous material or as coating compositions.  In an example, glycollic acid is heated with allyl alcohol and benzene, the water of reaction is removed by distilling off the water-benzene azeotrope, and the allyl glycollate obtained is reacted with succinic anhydride and thionyl chloride successively to give allyl glycollyl succinyl chloride. This product is treated with ethylene glycol to give glycol di-(allyl glycollyl succinate) which is polymerized by heating with berizoyl peroxide.
Patent GB-986845-A (GB)
Title: Improvements in or relating to aircraft tyres
IPC: A47K13/02
Filed: 1961-06-01
Abstract: 986,845. Tyre splash guards. PNEUMATIQUES CAOUTCHOUC MANUFACTURE & PLASTIQUES KLEBER COLOMBES. June 1, 1961 [June 1, 1960], No. 19812/61. Heading B7C. An aircraft tyre has an anti-splash rib 8 of triangular section moulded integrally with, and projecting laterally from, one or both sidewalls to reduce the angle of splash, the rib projecting laterally for one twentieth to one sixth the overall axial width of the tyre and the radially outer face 8 of the rib being substantially cylindrical and spaced from the tread crown by one half to one third the radial height of the tyre section so as to remain out of contact with the ground when the tyre is flattened under load. The rib may be reinforced by layers 10, 11 of parallel cord fabric the radially inner edges of which abut the carcase plies 12 adjacent the bead 13 and the outer edges of which terminate in spaced relation at the centre of the rib.
Patent GB-225595-A (GB)
Title: Improvements in or relating to the manufacture of soap
IPC: C11D9/22
Filed: 1923-08-02
Abstract: The oil-soluble gelatinated oils referred to in Specification 187,298 are saponified whereby they become soluble in water while retaining the property of forming water-in-oil emulsions, and as such are added to soaps.  In examples, linseed oil, soya oil, cottonseed oil, sesame oil, ground-nut oil or other oil containing linolic, linoleic, or linolenic acid is polymerzed at about 250 DEG  C., with or without previous or simultaneous oxidation, and mixed or not with palm-kernel oil, cocoanut oil, or other oil not affected.  1 lb. is then added to 100 lb. of fat or oil shortly before the completion of the saponification, to produce the usual oil-in-water emulsion.  3-5 lb. are dissolved in 97-95 lb. of fat or oil, and the whole sanonified cold to produce a water-in-oil emulsion.  The prior manufacture of soaps from polymerized oils, fats, and fatty acids is referred to.
Patent GB-404341-A (GB)
Title: High pressure metal vapour arc lamp
IPC: H01J61/18
Filed: 1932-07-13
Abstract: 404,341. Discharge lamps. SIEMENS & HALSKE AKT.-GES., Siemensstadt, Berlin. July 13, 1932, No. 19847. Convention date, July 13, 1931. Drawings to Specification. [Class 39 (i).] In a high-pressure metal-vapour arc lamp the quantity of metal contained in the operating space does not exceed five times the amount which is evaporated. The metal is preferably mercury, cadmium or zinc ; a very small quantity of mercury may be used in a lamp containing cadmium or zinc. The whole of the metal may be evaporated. The electrodes are solid, or a lamp without electrodes may be energized by a high-frequency electromagnetic field. Dimensions of a cadmium vapour lamp are given in which the operating pressure is half an atmosphere. Characteristic curves are given. Dead space containing metal which does not evaporate, may be reduced by shrinking the pump stud, by covering capillary gaps with heat insulating material, or by metal clamps conveying heat from the lamp.
Patent GB-327755-A (GB)
Title: Improvements in and relating to brakes for use on motor cars and lorries
IPC: F16D51/04
Filed: 1929-01-19
Abstract: 327,755. Linley, C. M. Jan. 19, 1929. Band.-In a brake for vehicles of the type comprising a drum 2, a band 3 adapted to move both radially and circumferentially when brought into frictional contact with the drum, and between the ends of the band an abutment 6 against which one or other of the ends of the band bears during braking, according to the direction of rotation of the drum, the ends of the band are cut back, as by shortening the length of the frictional lining 4 as shown, in such a manner that the ends of the band will not come into contact with the drum during braking. The abutment 6 is provided with lateral extensions 7 adapted to act as guides for the ends of the band. The brake is operated by means of wedge cams 5 engaged by rollers 10 on a rocking member 9 actuated through a crank 11 and a lever 12.