baber/WOPTO huggingface dataset:
Patent GB-701745-A (GB)
Title: Improvements in or relating to watch bracelets
IPC: G04B37/14
Filed: 1950-10-26
Abstract: 701,745. Watch bracelets. MINASSIANTZ, R. MELIK-. Oct. 26, 1950 [Oct. 27, 1949; March 10, 1950], No. 26180/50. Class 43 Watch straps are formed in two separate 'parts 4, Fig. 3, each having an ornamental or jewelled end member 6 which is removably received in a small frame or housing 2, Fig. 1, on one side of the watch 1, so that the appearance of the watch may be altered at will by interchanging various ornamented straps, the free ends of the strap parts 4 being inserted through slots 3 in the frames 2. The fastening of the strap to the wrist serves also to retain the ornamental parts in position. A small leaf spring may be provided on one side of the frames 2 to exert a frictional hold on the members 6. The members 6 may be wedgeshaped and the frames 2 shaped to form a corresponding seating. In a modification the straps carry decorative cylindrical or semi-cylindrical members the ends of which are received in correspondingly shaped recesses in the upper edges of the sides of the frames. Fig. 11 shows a further modification wherein a decorative member 11 is hinged upon an ornamented end member 6 of a strap 4 and arranged to be folded over upon a watch 1 and secured to the member 6 at the opposite side of the watch.
Patent GB-1000620-A (GB)
Title: Improvements relating to ball and socket joints
IPC: F16C11/06
Filed: 1963-07-02
Abstract: 1,000,620. Ball joints. V. LANGEN. July 2, 1963 [July 14, 1962], No. 26206/63. Heading E2F. A ball joint comprises a ball 3 in the form of a spherical segment rockable in the housing 1 and a ball pin 4 which passes rotatably through the ball and is prevented from being withdrawn by a collar or head 5, the pin being sealed to the housing by two separate seals 6, 7 one of which extends directly between the ball and the housing while the other is carried by the ball at its end through which the pin extends and engages the pin directly. If the ball is made of resilient material the seal 7 may be made integrally with the ball. Alternatively, if the ball is made of hard material such as steel it may have a covering of resilient material with the seal 7 integral therewith. The seal 6, which may be a Simmer ring, is fitted in a recess in the bore through the ball.
Patent GB-361457-A (GB)
Title: Improvements in or relating to methods of and apparatus for determining fat contents
IPC: G01N9/12
Filed: 1930-09-03
Abstract: <PICT:0361457/III/1> A method of determining fat in a fat-containing substance consists in dissolving the fat in a solvent, separating the solution formed from the non-fatty portion and determining the percentage of fat in the solvent by means of a direct-reading hydrometer.  A preferred solvent comprises 85 per cent ortho-dichlorbenzene and 15 per cent para-dichlorbenzene, and the solvent may or may not be heated in contact with the material tested. As shown, the hydrometer has a scale 10 which is calibrated in the percentage of fat in the sample (cacao-butter and chocolate respectively are referred to) when a definite weight of the sample is taken with reference to the amount of the solvent employed in the final mixture.  Associated with the hydrometer is a thermometer 11 provided with a scale 13 calibrated in the direct temperature correction of the percentage fat in the sample.
Patent GB-198281-A (GB)
Title: Improvements in or relating to methods of baking bread or the like
IPC: A21D2/18
Filed: 1922-02-14
Abstract: 198,281. Alexander, A. E., (Stein-Hall Manufacturing Co.). Feb. 14, 1922. Bread; cakes.-In bread-making, a sugar compound as described in Specification 198,009. [Class 127, Sugar], is added to the dough and subjected to enzymic action, whereby gas is liberated from the mono- and poly-saccharide sugars at a predetermined rate until the enzymic action is arrested by baking. The partially developed sugars in the compound are developed and finally caramelized during baking. From 1 to 20 per cent of the compound in the flour mixture, with the usual amount of yeast, yeast accelerator, fat, salt, water &c., may be used, definite proportions being mentioned as an example. In the straightdough process, the dough is fermented, punched, proved, panned and baked in the usual manner, but for a shorter time than usual. In the sponge method, one half of the compound is added to the sponge and the other half to the dough. Acid, which may be added as part of the compound, and should not exceed 2 per cent, increases the raising quality of the dough and increases the elasticity of the loaf. One part by weight of the compound to 10 parts by weight of flour is used for cakes. Baking-powder may be used instead of yeast. The rate of gas evolution is predetermined by the use of different proportions of the various poly-saccharide sugars. If the evolution of gas is to be delayed more higher sugars should be employed and vice-versa.
Patent GB-1321738-A (GB)
Title: Engine generator structure
IPC: H02K21/22
Filed: 1971-04-19
Abstract: 1321738 Dynamo-electric generators with permanent magnets SYNCRO CORP 19 April 1971 [10 April 1970] 26365/71 Addition to 1321737 Heading H2A In the generator described in Specification 1,321,737 one of the sets of interdigitated poles 34 is formed integrally with a part of the driving engine, e.g. is cast integrally with the flywheel 30. The poles 34 may be interconnected by a thin, integrally-formed outer shell 35.
Patent GB-1489926-A (GB)
Title: Counters
IPC: G06M1/28
Filed: 1974-06-14
Abstract: 1489926 Counters LUCAS ELECTRICAL Ltd 22 May 1975 [14 June 1974] 26435/74 Heading G4D The Specification relates to modifications of the counter described in Specification 1,424,326. The abutments 41, 42, 43 which engage the small lugs 32 on the number wheels are mounted on the same spring blades as the abutments 45, 46, 47 which co-operate with the long lugs 33 of the adjacent wheel to provide transfer. An additional spring arm 30 co-operates with the ratchet teeth 53 on the toothed member 28 to hold it stationary during counting.
Patent GB-619980-A (GB)
Title: Improvements in a device for starting internal combustion engines
IPC: F02N13/00
Filed: 1946-09-03
Abstract: 619,980. Starting. AKTIEBOLAGET ATLAS DIESEL. Sept. 3, 1946, No. 26492. Convention date, Sept. 7, 1945. [Class 7 (v)] In a device for firing a cartridge to effect starting of an internal combustion engine by firing the cartridge into a working cylinder of the engine provided with a passage in its wall leading from the exterior to the interior of the cylinder, there is provided a sleeve fitting in the passage which forms a space communicating with the working cylinder that accommodates the cartridge, and mechanism for firing the cartridge, the firing mechanism and the sleeve being so formed and arranged that they are capable of being mechanically assembled into firing position relatively to one another without the aid of further assembly means only upon securing the mechanism to the engine in a position in which it traps the sleeve in the passage. The wall 1 of an engine cylinder 2 is bored and threaded at the outer end to receive a nut 3. A sleeve 4, which partly extends into the nut 3 at one end, whilst the other extremity almost reaches into the engine cylinder 2, is formed with a tapered shoulder 5 that is pressed upon a corresponding contour in the cylinder wall 1, to form a gastight seal, by a wing nut 6 screwed into the top of the nut 3. An axially movable striker 7 with an external operating knob 9 and a spring 8 is housed within the wing nut 6. The sleeve 4 is divided into two intercommunicating compartments by an annular shoulder 11, the upper compartment is occupied by an extension of the wing nut 6 and the lower one houses the cartridge. A cap type detonator 12 is located in a recess in the annular shoulder 11 whilst the other end fits into a pocket in the top of the cartridge and forms a gas-tight seal 'between the two compartments in the sleeve 4. In order to assemble the cap detonator 12 and the cartridge into the sleeve 4 a ram rod is utilised which may be formed by extending one of the cylinder head nuts. When the operating knob 9 is pulled out the spring 8 is compressed between a shoulder on the striker 7 and a lock nut 10 screwed into the top of the wing nut 6. Upon releasing the operating knob 9 the-spring 8 urges the striker 7 through the bore of the annular shoulder 11 to strike the cap detonator 12 and thereby ignite the cartridge powder charge, the gas from which produces the necessary power for starting the engine. To enable the sleeve 4 to be removed a flange 21 in the end of the wing nut 6 engages a groove 20 in the outer end of the sleeve 4. In a modification the nut 3 may be omitted and the sleeve 4 and wing nut 6 may be in threaded engagement with the combustion chamber wall 1. The Specification as open to inspection under Sect. 91 comprises an auxiliary cylinder, the piston of which is adapted to drive the engine upon firing of the cartridge. It is also stated that the device may be used for reversing the engine. This subject-matter does not appear in the Specification as accepted.
Patent GB-1149239-A (GB)
Title: Improvements in or relating to multivibrator circuits
Inventor: SMITH DENNIS CLAYTON
IPC: H03K3/284
Filed: 1965-06-23
Abstract: 1,149,239. Transistor monostable circuits. PLESSEY CO. Ltd. 27 May, 1966 [23 June, 1965], No. 26500/65. Heading H3T. In a monostable circuit having two complementary transistors T1, T2, one transistor T1 is connected in common base with its emitter and collector coupled to the emitter and base of the other transistor T2 so as to define an A.C. coupled negative feedback loop which causes the transistors to switch off to facilitate monostable operation when trigger signals of a suitable sense are injected into the loop, and energy storage means C2 is operatively associated with the loop so that the quasi-stable period is rendered dependent on trigger signal frequency. The operation of the circuit in monostable mode is described in co-pending Specification 1,148,913. In the stable state both transistors T1, T2 are ON; by operating the transistor T1 saturated the gain is low and a trigger pulse is required at the input to raise T1 out of saturation and turn OFF both transistors for the quasi-stable period, after which both transistors again turn ON. As the trigger rate is increased the potential across the capacitor C2 increases, since the period available for discharge between the trigger pulses is reduced; this varies the quasi-stable state of the circuit. If the trigger rate is increased so that the quasi-stable period becomes greater than the input trigger rate the circuit fails to trigger on some of the drive pulses giving a lock on condition. The potential on the capacitor C2 then falls, this reduces the quasi-stable period, until the circuit can trigger on each input pulse. The capacitor again charges and causes the quasi-stable state to become greater than the input trigger rate so that the circuit produces a cyclic two-state running condition. The circuit may be used in a pulse width modulated power amplifier. The circuit may be prevented from reaching the above state by using a diode from the junction of R3 and R5 to a reference potential or by using a constant current source in place of E5, R5 to ensure that the voltage at the junction of R3, R5 does not exceed the look-on condition. By connecting the monostable circuit B in a phase-sensitive loop (Fig. 3) it is ensured that after lock-on has been reached the period T of the monostable circuit B is just less than the input pulse interval. Overlap of pulses TA, TC from monostable circuits A, C is detected by AND gate 2 which controls the charge on capacitor C2.
Patent GB-1385727-A (GB)
Title: Shaft furnaces for the heat treatment of materials
IPC: F27B1/00
Filed: 1972-06-07
Abstract: 1385727 Heating shaft furnaces "CARMEUSE" SA and SOC DE DISTRIBUTION DU GAZ SA 7 June 1972 [8 June 1971 1 June 1972] 26560/72 Heading F4B A shaft furnace 1 has burners 11 projecting into the furnace at one or more levels and delivering fluent fuel transversely to the longitudinal axes of the shaft. Burners at two or more levels may be fed from a ring main 12 receiving off-gas from the top of the shaft and fuel from a line 17 through an injector 16 and a fan 13. The lower set of burners project 30- 50% of the radial depth of the charge into the furnace, and the upper set of burners project 10 -20% of the radial depth of the charge. The rows of burners may be staggered, and an annular shaft furnace may have burners projecting through the outer and/or the central wall. Air is fed to the bottom of a line kiln from a ring main 9, and it is charged from a hopper 2 at the top. The burners, which may have the lower side of nozzle chamfered, may be supported by brickwork noses (Fig. 3). (For Figures see next page.)
Patent GB-824956-A (GB)
Title: Improvements in or relating to sieves or screens for screening, dewatering, sizing, grading, separating or the like purposes
IPC: B07B1/12
Filed: 1956-08-31
Abstract: 824,956. Filters. McNEIL, W. Nov. 28, 1957 [Aug. 31, 1956], No. 26601/56. Class 46. [Also in Group II] A filter unit comprises panels 10, 11 arranged in series and in zig-zag relationship, and each panel comprises spaced wedge-section wires 12 arranged in one or more groups across the panel and held in side-by-side relationship on rods, pins or bolts 13 extending transversely of the wires. The ends of the elements 13 are located in bars 14 extending between plates 15. Each plate 15 has a rubber or like edging 18 attached to a limb 17. When pins or rods 13 are used they may be curved longitudinally. Fig. 3 shows the ends of two such units joined together, with a piece 20 welded to and between end bars 14 ; the flow of material is usually from right to left in Figs. 1 and 2. In a modification the panels are of equal size and arranged at 45 degrees to the horizontal, and material flow is longitudinally of the V-shaped channels formed by adjacent panels, in that construction the plates 15 are so shaped as to be confined substantially to the inverted V-shaped areas between the channels.
Patent GB-761773-A (GB)
Title: Improvements in or relating to valve oscillator circuit arrangements
Inventor: FRANKLIN ERNEST
IPC: H02M3/31
Filed: 1953-09-29
Abstract: 761,773. Automatic voltage control systems. UNITED KINGDOM ATOMIC ENERGY AUTHORITY. Dec. 22, 1954 [Sept. 29, 1953], No. 26689/63. Class 38 (4). [Also in Groups XL (a) and XL (c)] The output voltage of an E.H.T. supply of the kind in which a cold-cathode valve oscillator supplies a voltage multiplying rectifier, is maintained constant by feeding back a portion of the output voltage to an auxiliary cathode in the cold-cathode valve. Condensers 6, 7 are charged via resistor 5 and are shunted by the cold-cathode valve V, which has its trigger electrode 3 connected to the junction of condensers 6 and 7 as in Specification 750,312. The output is rectified by a Cockcroft-Walton multiplier 8 to provide negative E.H.T. at terminal 9. The positive side of the multiplier is tied to a positive source 10 of stabilized low voltage. A portion of the output is tapped off divider 11, 12 and fed back to an auxiliary cathode 4 to control the amplitude of oscillation as triggering occurs by breakdown of the trigger/auxiliary cathode gap. In modifications, the resistance 12 may be replaced by a corona or glow discharge stabilizer or by a non-linear resistor, or may be dispensed with by tapping directly on to a section of the multiplier network.
Patent GB-1235177-A (GB)
Title: Improvements in and relating to semiconductor devices
IPC: H01L21/32
Filed: 1968-06-05
Abstract: 1,235,177. Insulated gate field effect transistors. PHILIPS ELECTRONIC & ASSOCIATED INDUSTRIES Ltd. 5 June, 1968 [8 June, 1967], No. 26718/68. Heading H1K. In a silicon IGFET with source and drain regions formed as juxtaposed inclusions in the face of a body or zone of opposite conductivity type an insulating layer of varying thickness overlies that face. Where the layer overlies the source and drain regions it is thicker than it is under the gate and consists of silicon oxide inset in the surface of the silicon. Such a device can be made from a 200 Áthick 10 ohm. cm. P-type silicon wafer by depositing overall a À2 Á silicon nitride layer from silane and ammonia, removing it except from the gate area, oxidizing the exposed areas in steam, forming windows in the oxide and diffusing phosphorus derived from phosphorus-doped silicon powder through them to form the source and drain, and then reoxidizing the surface. The nitride can be used as gate insulation but is preferably removed in hot phosphoric acid and the underlying silicon heated in steam to form an oxide layer the thickness and electrical properties of which may be improved by successive heat treatments in oxygen, nitrogen and wet nitrogen. If the surface is oxidized before provision of the nitride masking the oxide is re-exposed at this stage by etching and improved as described above. Another possibility is to convert the nitride directly to oxide by anodic treatment. In alternative methods the nitride is first applied also to the source and drain areas or even over the entire water face and the diffusion holes etched in it. In both cases the source and drain areas are oxidized after diffusion as described above. Apertures are formed in the oxide overlying the source and drain regions and aluminium gate, source and drain electrodes applied in conventional manner. Etching of the oxide layers is effected with a saturated aqueous solution of ammonium fluoride to which hydrofluoric acid has been added as this etches the nitride only slowly. Use of a layer of nitride on oxide as gate insulation is mentioned.
Patent GB-844687-A (GB)
Title: Process for the manufacture of synthetic resins
Inventor: WOLF FRIEDRICH
IPC: B01J39/18
Filed: 1956-08-31
Abstract: Synthetic resins suitable for an-ion exchange or as absorbents are obtained by reacting a vinyl pyridine or vinyl quinoline with polyethylene imine or m-phenylene diamine and with epichlorhydrin or formaldehyde.  The polyethylene imine or m-phenylene diamine may be reacted first with the epichlorhydrin or formaldehyde to form a resin which is then condensed with the vinyl compound, or may be reacted with part of the epichlorhydrin or formaldehyde to give a liquid product which is then reacted with the vinyl compound and then with the rest of the epichlorhydrin or formaldehyde.  In examples (1) 12 parts polyethylene imine dissolved in 22 parts water and 0,8 parts glacial acetic acid as catalyst are heated with 1,5 parts epichlorhydrin to effect partial cross-linking.  12 parts 2-vinyl-pyridine are then added and the mixture refluxed on a water bath.  The cross-linking is completed by adding a further 6 parts epichlorhydrin; a resin gel is formed in 10 minutes and dried at 120 DEG C.  The resin is quaternated by swelling in methanol and mixing with methyl iodide; (2) the vinylpyridine and the polyethyleneimine are first reacted and then further reacted with the epichlorhydrin; (3) an anion exchange resin prepared from polyethylene imine and epichlorhydrin is refluxed for 2 hours with vinylpyridine in the presence of glacial acetic acid; (4) Epichlorhydrin is added to an aqueous solution of m-phenylene diamine and acetic acid. 4-vinyl pyridine is then added, the mixture refluxed and further epichlorhydrin added.  The resulting gelatinous mass is dried at 110 DEG C.  (5) Polyethylene imine, water, acetic acid and 2-vinyl pyridine are refluxed together.  Formaldehyde is added and the gelatinous product dried; (6) Polyethylenimine, water, acetic acid and 2-vinyl-quinoline are refluxed together and epichlorhydrin is then added, and the gelatinous product dried.  The products of all the examples may be quatenated as in Example (1).
Patent GB-1522299-A (GB)
Title: Apparatus including an exhaust gas turbo-charger and a gas-dynamic pressurewave machine for charging an internal combustion engine
IPC: F02B37/04
Filed: 1977-06-27
Abstract: 1522299 Supercharging IC engines BBC BROWN BOVERI & CO Ltd 27 June 1977 [29 June 1976] 26754/77 Heading F1B A gas-dynamic pressure wave machine 5 and an exhaust gas turbocharger 2 are connected for series flow of intake air and exhaust gas. Intake air coolers 8, 9 and an exhaust gas heat exchanger 10 may be provided. The turbine 3 may be of impulse type and the machine 5 of constantpressure type.
Patent GB-191455-A (GB)
Title: Improved waterproof cloth
IPC: D06M13/02
Filed: 1921-10-11
Abstract: 191,455. Semon & Co., Ltd., C., and Lougee, G. H. Oct. 11, 1921. Processes, compounds; nap, raising.-Cloth for showerproof garments is first proofed with paraffin wax through the interstices, and is then raised on the back by teazling &c.
Patent GB-1076494-A (GB)
Title: Thermally actuated devices
Inventor: FREI EPHRAIN HEINRICH
IPC: A61M25/01
Filed: 1963-07-05
Abstract: A method of treating an element made of "ferro-elastic" material for use in or as a thermally actuated device comprises heating the element to above its "transition point", forming the element into a desired operative shape, allowing it to cool to below the transition point and forcing the element into a non-operative shape. "Ferro-elastic" materials are defined as materials which exhibit substantial mechanical strength above a certain temperature (the "transition point"). Below this temperature they are mechanically weak and can be readily shaped. An example of the material is cadmium 47.5 per cent (atomic weight) and up to 52 per cent gold, which has a transition point of about 60 DEG C.  For use in the human body the transition point can be lowered by the addition of copper and/or silver.  An addition of 0.5 per cent copper is stated to lower the transition point to the region of 39-42 DEG C.  The alloy is preferably monocrystalline, but poly-crystalline alloy may be used, prepared by placing the alloy in powder form in a glass tube, heating the tube until the material melts and the tube softens, and pulling the tube until it constitutes a capillary which is then cooled before the alloy is removed.
Patent GB-209185-A (GB)
Title: Improvements in or relating to pinch-bars
IPC: B61J3/10
Filed: 1922-10-04
Abstract: 209,185. Tihange, V. E. Oct. 4, 1922. Crowbars.-A pinch-bar for moving wagons on rails is formed of a lever a made of cast or forged metal integral with a curved shoe b and fitted with a prismatic knife-edge member c. The member c is formed of hard metal, and is preferably detachable. and arranged so that when one edge is worn out it may be replaced by another edge by turning the member c. Reference has been directed by the Comptroller to Specifications 14302/92, 1141/98, and 18624/01, [all in Class 103, Railway &c. vehicles].
Patent GB-815546-A (GB)
Title: Improvements relating to automatic load-sharing apparatus for alternating-current generators
Inventor: GIBBONS PHILIP DAVID
IPC: H02J3/46
Filed: 1956-09-03
Abstract: 815,546. Automatic load-sharing systems. AUSTINLITE Ltd. Sept. 3, 1957 [Sept. 3, 1956], No. 26940/56. Class 38 (4). Load sharing between two alternators 2, 4 is controlled by a regulator 15 on the prime mover 3, responsive to a change in the load division indicated by an induction-type meter 7, coil 6 of which is energized by the current difference through primary windings P2, P4 of transformer 5, the number of turns on windings P2, P4 being such that with full load current in both machines there is no output in winding S. The application of the system to more than two generators is described with reference to Fig. 3 (not shown) and the inclusion of auxiliary automatic frequency and voltage control in the systems is referred to. The latter is included to deal with wattless current where the generators are synchronous. Response time is discussed. Specification 779,416 is referred to.