baber/WOPTO huggingface dataset:
Patent GB-450672-A (GB)
Title: Improvements in wetting, dispersing and emulsifying agents
Filed: 1934-10-17
Abstract: Wetting, dispersing, and emulsifying agents are prepared by treating at a temperature not exceeding 75 DEG  C., the hydroxy alkylamides derived from monoethanolamine, monopropanolamine or monobutanolamine and fatty acids containing 10--18 carbon atoms with a weight of sulphuric monohydrate at least equal to but not exceeding twice the weight of the hydroxyalkylamide.  The fatty acids may be replaced by fatty acid mixtures in which fatty acids with 10--18 carbon atoms predominate and other sulphonating agents may be used in place of the monohydrate when the corresponding stoicometrical proportions are employed.  The products may be used as emulsifying agents in greases, creams and cosmetics and in the tanning industry to accelerate tanning, deoiling and dehairing. They may be used with soaps, dyes and insecticides to improve the wetting, levelling, covering, &c. properties.  In an example, coconut fatty acids are condensed with monoethanolamine and treated with monohydrate at 30--35 DEG  C.  The use of chlorsulphonic acid, oleum and ethionic acid is mentioned. Specifications 337,737, [Class 2 (iii)], and 382,942 are referred to.ALSO:Products which may be mixed with soaps and also used as emulsifying-agents in greases, creams, and cosmetics are prepared by treating, at a temperature not exceeding 75 DEG  C., the hydroxyalkylamides derived from monoethanolamine, monopropanolamine or mono butanolamine and fatty acids containing 10--18 carbon atoms with a weight of sulphuric monohydrate at least equal to but not exceeding twice the weight of the hydroxyalkylamide.  The fatty acids may be replaced by fatty acid mixtures in which fatty acids with 10--18 carbon atoms predominate, e.g. coconut fatty acids.  The sulphuric monohydrate may be replaced by the corresponding stoicometrical quantity of another sulphonating agent.
Patent GB-849477-A (GB)
Title: Improvements in or relating to semiconductor control devices
Inventor: GIBSON ALAN FRANK
IPC: H02M7/06
Filed: 1957-09-23
Abstract: 849,477. Semi-conductor devices. NATIONAL RESEARCH DEVELOPMENT CORPORATION. Sept. 18, 1958, [Sept. 23, 1957], No. 29800/57. Class 37 A semi-conductor device utilising avalanche injection comprises a semi-conductor mass of one conductivity type having an ohmic base electrode, and a second electrode of smaller cross section connected to a pillar of semiconductor which extends from the mass and has a PP+ or NN+ junction according to whether the mass in P-type or N-type respectively. Fig. 1 shows a diode in which the base electrode 6 consisting of an antimony doped gold wire is connected on to an N + region to an N type silicon mass 2 and the second electrode 1 also of antimony doped gold wire is connected via N+ region 3 to the N type mass 2. A cavity 5 produced, for example by chemical or electrolytic. etching, provides a thin pillar 4 of semi-conductor material. The current voltage characteristic of this device has a negative-resistance region. Germanium may be used in place of silicon, and aluminium in place of the gold-antimony wire. The base electrode may consist of a copper cooling fin or disc. The structure may be surrounded with pellet silicone varnish. Specification 849,476 is referred to.
Patent GB-465120-A (GB)
Title: Improvements in and relating to carrier signalling systems
IPC: H04B7/005
Filed: 1935-10-30
Abstract: 465,120. Secret transmission. SIEMENS & HALSKE AKT.-GES. Oct. 30, 1935, No. 29995. Convention date, Oct. 30, 1934. [Class 40 (iv)] [Also in Group XL] In a carrier wave signalling system in which the carrier frequency is wobbled for secrecy, one or more filters in. the transmission path have their transmission range varied in synchronism with the carrier frequency variations so that at least one of the cut-off frequencies differs by a constant amount from the carrier frequency. In one embodiment, the carrier is produced by an oscillator G, Fig. 1, the frequency determining condenser C of which is periodically varied and the condensers Cl .... C4 of a bridge type filter in the output circuit of the modulator M are mechanically coupled to the condenser C. The variable filter F, Fig. 2, may form part of a system in which the modulator M and generator G are used for both transmission and reception. The filter may supress one side band and in multiplex systems one of the channels may convey confusing signals for secrecy.
Patent GB-384407-A (GB)
Title: Improvements in or relating to dynamo-electric machines for high potential
IPC: H02K3/28
Filed: 1931-10-29
Abstract: 384,407. Coils for dynamo-electric machines. SIEMENS-SCHUCKERTWERKE AKT.-GES., Siemensstadt, Berlin. Oct. 29, 1931, No. 30031. Convention date, Nov. 1, 1930. [Class 35.] In a high-tension machine of the type in which several conductors are situated in each slot, the conductors of one layer being connected in series and the last conductor of one layer being connected with the first of the next, so that all the conductors in one slot are connected in series, the bundle formed by the conductors is given a half turn in its passage from one slot to the next, so that where two bundles cross the conductor of lowest potential in one bundle is next to that of lowest potential in the other. The Figure shows such an arrangement, the conductors 1 .. 4 in slot n<2> being in the reversed arrangement indicated by 1<1> .. 41 in the slot m<2>.
Patent GB-406622-A (GB)
Title: Improved construction or arrangement of powder holder and distributor
IPC: B65D35/10
Filed: 1933-10-30
Abstract: 406,622. Powder-blowers. MARSH, J. T., Scriventon, Speldhurst, near Tunbridge Wells, Kent. Oct. 30, 1933, No. 30079. [Class 18.] A powder-blower e.g., for antiseptic powder consists of cylindrical body a of celluloid or similar material capable of being moulded, a bottom c cemented &c. in place, and a shoulder b carrying a threaded nipple c covered by a cap d. The bottom and shoulder are of stouter material than the body. The powder is ejected by squeezing and releasing the body.
Patent GB-1159466-A (GB)
Title: Silica Aquasols and Powders
Inventor: MCMILLAN DONALD
IPC: C01B33/141
Filed: 1967-06-29
Abstract: 1,159,466. Production of silica aquasols. E. I. DU PONT DE NEMOURS & CO. 29 June, 1967, No. 30142/67. Heading C1A. An aqueous silica sol is prepared by providing a heel of the sol containing aqueous NH 4 OH, gradually introducing Si into the heel, and permitting the Si and water to react in the presence of the NH 3  to form SiO 2 , the concentration and surface area of SiO 2  in the heel and the production rate of SiO 2  in the reaction mixture being such that the SiO 2  forms on the heel particles present so that the SiO 2  particles increase in size. The surface characteristics of the silica sol can be stabilized by treating the sol with a cation exchange resin to provide a sol having a pH of 3 to 4. Further, the surface characteristics of the sol can be altered by subjecting the sol to a period of elevated temperature at a pH of 8 to 11, thereby forming on the porous sol particles a relatively dense outer layer of SiO 2  which is impervious to N 2  molecules. The products of the invention include a silica aquasol consisting of spherical silica particles having a ds of 150-500mÁ and having substantially uniformly distributed porosity or the particles being composed of a dense spherical silica core surrounded by a porous silica coating, and a dry colloidal silica powder consisting of spherical silica particles having a ds of 15-500mÁ and having substantially uniformly distributed porosity or the particles being composed of a dense spherical silica core surrounded by a porous silica coating. Si in finely divided state is used, e.g. 0À5-10Á average diameter and may be rendered active by washing with aqueous HF or by subjecting commercial lump Si to attrition in a ball mill. " ds " is the surface area average diameter or the diameter of a spherical particle which has the same specific surface area as that of the of the total collection of counted particles.
Patent GB-465129-A (GB)
Title: Wireless-controlled indicator for vehicles
IPC: G01S1/02
Filed: 1935-11-01
Abstract: 465,129. Indicating approach of overtaking vehicles. WINKLER, E. G. F., and CSARADA, H. DE. Nov. 1, 1935, No. 30180. [Class 118 (ii)] [Also in Groups XL and XXX] A wireless signalling system for use on road or rail vehicles, ships, aircraft, &c. and intended to give warning of the approach or vicinity of another vehicle comprises a combined transmitter-receiver, Fig. 2, consisting of an oscillating valve A, the frequency of which is wobbled at an irregular frequency by the condenser Cx under the action for example of road &c. shocks. When another vehicle is approaching, radiations from its transmitter are received by the first unit, producing a beat frequency which is subsequently rectified to operate an indicator, alarm, &c ; or an A.C. relay or neon tube or other indicator may be operated by the unrectified current. In a modification, Fig. 1 (not shown), a transmitter and receiver may work on the same frequency and a switch, operated irregularly by the motion of the vehicle, changes from transmitter to receiver and vice versa. In Fig. 3, V2 is a transmitting oscillator and V1 the receiving rectifier, working on separate aerials B1, B2. Direct pick-up on B2 from B1 is reduced by coupling the aerials with 180‹ phase displacement; the same frequency wobbling arrangement by Cx is provided in this case. For railway use the indicator on one locomotive is operated only by another on the same line, other frequencies being used for other lines. The telegraph lines may be used as a common aerial in such systems.
Patent GB-1015837-A (GB)
Title: Improvements in or relating to multiple alloying jigs
IPC: H01L21/24
Filed: 1964-07-30
Abstract: 1,015,837. Manufacture of semi-conductor devices. PHILIPS ELECTRONIC & ASSOCIATED INDUSTRIES Ltd. July 30, 1964, No. 30215/64. Heading H1K. An alloying jig consists of three plates one of which fits between the other two and contains apertures into which extend projecting parts of the two outer plates to grip semi-conductor wafers placed in the chambers thus formed; ducts for the supply of alloying material extend from the free surface of each outer plate through the projecting portions to the surfaces of the wafers. The parts of the jig may be made of a refractory material, such as graphite, which is not wetted by the molten alloying mixture. Devices, such as transistors and diodes, may be produced which have at least one alloyed contact. Reference is made to a germanium transistor having indium alloyed emitter and collector regions. A vertical section of a portion of a jig is shown in Fig. 3a. All three plates 10, 11, 12 may be made of graphite. In use the lower plate 10 is held by bolts (not shown) with its cylindrical projecting portions 6 within the apertures 8 of the intermediate plate 12 (which is shown in plan view in Fig. 5). The wafers 1 are placed in the apertures and the upper plate 11 then fastened by bolts (not shown) to the lower plate 10. Alloying may then be effected. In the construction of each of the outer plates it is ensured that the faces of the projecting portions to be in contact with the semi-circular wafers are accurately coplanar by removing material from an accurately flat surface of the plate to leave the projecting portions. Each outer plate however, has raised end portions 20 or 21 to allow for the thickness of the wafers when the plates are bolted together so that each projecting portion makes good contact with the wafer surface and forms an efficient mask during alloying. To ensure that corresponding ducts 2<SP>1</SP>, 3<SP>1</SP> are carried they may be drilled after the jig parts have been assembled. The corresponding ducts in the two plates may, as shown, be of different sizes. Although the embodiment particularly described is concerned with the use of circular wafers it is also possible to use wafers of square or rectangular shape providing the diameter of the apertures in the intermediate plate is calculated from the wafer diagonal.
Patent GB-670827-A (GB)
Title: Improvements in apparatus for use in conveying and opening textile fibrous materials
IPC: D01G23/06
Filed: 1949-11-25
Abstract: 670,827. Preparing fibres for spinning. T. M. M. (RESEARCH), Ltd., HUNTER, W. A., and SINGLETON, F. Oct. 6, 1950 [Nov. 25, 1949], No. 30273/49. Class 120(i) In a hopper feeder apparatus, fibrous material is presented to a spiked travelling lattice 12 by a pair of co-operating feed rollers 9, 10 located so close to the lattice spikes that the latter execute a positive combing action on the fibres whilst they are still under the restraining influence of the feed rollers. Material conveyed to the apparatus by a pneumatic trunk 1 is passed by a cage condenser 4 to a feed trunk 3 at the foot of which it is guided by a plate 5 to a pair of ribbed rollers 6, 7 which deliver it as a partly complacted sheet onto a ribbed roller 8 serving to deflect the sheet into the nip of rollers 9, 10. All the rollers are driven from the lattice drive through variable speed gearing whereby the speed of delivery of the material to the latticecan be regulated while the lattice speed remains constant. The material is stripped from the lattice spikes by a stripping roller 15 and deposited in a shoot 16 of large cross-sectional area for delivery by a conveyer 17. According to the Provisional Specification, material may be delivered to the feed rollers through a pneumatic trunk and along a horizontal conveyer where it is compressed by a weighted roller
Patent GB-188341-A (GB)
Title: Improvements in combined dust cap and valve cap
IPC: B60C29/06
Filed: 1922-11-06
Abstract: 188,341. Schrader's Son, Inc., A., (Assignees of Myers, E. van A.). Nov. 5, 1921, [Convention date]. Dust caps for tyre valves.- A dust cap secured in position by a nut, slidably but non- rotatably mounted in the cap, engaging the valve nipple, is provided with means for ensuring that the nut will occupy a position near the lower end of the cap when the latter is removed. In the form shown, the nut B which is provided with a washer to form a sealing-cap has a polygonal outer surface adapted to slide within a correspondingly shaped cap A. The nut is urged towards the open end of the cap by a spring F arranged between the closed end of the cap and a projection G on the nut. The lower end of the cap is slit to form spring arms J adapted to engage frictionally with the valve stem. A split spring ring may be used in place of the spring arms. In a modification the spring is dispensed with and the foot of the cap is provided with flats to engage the flats on the valve stem so that the cap can only be rotated when it is withdrawn from the stem. In this form the nut is fitted with a split spring ring to hold the cap in position.
Patent GB-621813-A (GB)
Title: Improvements in electron discharge tubes
IPC: H01J5/28
Filed: 1946-10-10
Abstract: 621,813. Thermionic valves. SYLVANIA ELECTRIC PRODUCTS, Inc. Oct. 10, 1946, No. 30318. Convention date, Nov. 14, 1944. [Class 39 (i)] An electron discharge device has an anode 11 with a dished central portion and its periphery sealed through the envelope. The disc 10 supports a central grid, and is likewise sealed through the envelope. Through the end wall 5 is sealed a metal tube 7 containing an inner metal tube 18 with annular guiding bulges 19, 20. Secured to the tube 18 is a plurality of wires 23, 24, &c., supporting the skirt 21 of the cathode disc 17 which is backed by a reflector disc 30. The heater 27 is attached to a lead 28 passing through a vacuum-tight glass bead 29. Jigs are described (Figs. 6, 6a, 6b, 7, not shown) for longitudinal adjustment of inner tube 18 in outer tube 7 until a pre-selected cathode-gridspacing is accurately obtained. The two tubes are then soldered or brazed at 34, the device exhausted and processed, insulating spacers 37, 38 and metal base pin 39 introduced, and the tube 18 crimped at 35, 36. A jig is also described (Figs. 8a, 8b, not shown) for accurately obtaining a pre-selected thickness of cathode coating 17a by shaving off the superfluous material with a sharp blade. Fig. 9 (not shown) shows the device mounted in a coaxial transmission line.
Patent GB-842939-A (GB)
Title: Improvements in and relating to doors, partitions and like rigid structures
IPC: E06B3/82
Filed: 1957-09-27
Abstract: 842,939. Doors; panels. MARSHALL, K. C. T., and LIGHT ALLOYS Ltd. Sept. 11, 1958 [Sept. 27, 1957; Jan 7, 1958], Nos. 30388/57 and 599/58. Classes 20(3) and 87(1) A door, partition or similar rigid structure comprises sheet metal elements 1, 4, Fig. 2, at least some of which are adapted to interlock, and all of which can be assembled together without bonding or welding to form a hollow enclosure forming the outer faces and edges of the structure, and a rigid filling within the enclosure, consisting of a synthetic resin material such as a "rigid foam", which is fed into the enclosure in a fluent condition and which while thereafter setting to rigidity, expands to fill the enclosure and force the elements thereof into firm metal-to-metal contact. The edge member 4 may be channel shaped so that the structure has recessed edges, or the central portion of the member 4 may be bent outwardly flush with the edges of the panels 1. In a modification, Fig. 6, one of the panels 1 is in the form of a tray so that edge members are not required. The junction of the two panels may be centrally of the structure and project outwardly or inwardly. In further forms the edges of the structure are oblique to the faces of the panels, 1, or of stepped formation, Fig. 14, and a wood or hardboard liner 9 may be supported by one of the face panels.
Patent GB-505189-A (GB)
Title: Improvements in and relating to apparatus for chilling glass for tempering
IPC: C03B27/02
Filed: 1937-11-05
Abstract: 505,189. Tempering glass. PILKING- TON BROS., Ltd. (Soc. Anon. des Manufactures des Glaces et Produits Chimiques de St. Gobain, Chauny, & Cirey) Nov. 5, 1937, No. 30392. [Class 56] A device for supporting a glass sheet during tempering consists of a pair of grids 1 carrying pads 9 which make contact with the sheet, or nearly so, when the grids are brought together with the sheet between them. The grids are hinged to a support 3, when air is used as the chilling-medium, or to a crane or the like when the glass is chilled by immersion in a liquid. The pads 9 are of heat-insulating material and they may be mounted yieldingly on the grids. The device may be used with the chilling-apparatus described in Specification 505,188.
Patent GB-673133-A (GB)
Title: Improvements in mechanical bindings for loose leaves
IPC: B42B5/10
Filed: 1949-11-28
Abstract: 673,133. Loose-leaf binders. TRUSSELL, C. D. Nov. 28, 1949, No. 30460/49. Classes 16 and 146 (i). A device for binding loose leaves comprises a strip of sheet material e.g. metal or plastic, rolled along one edge into a tubular rib formation 21, Fig. 6, and having a series of parallel ring-forming strips 15 projecting laterally therefrom, the rib 21 having slots to receive and interlock with the ends of the rings. In one form, Fig. 5, the ends of the rings are slightly out of alignment with slots 17 in the rib, and are formed with notches 19 and, if desired, are split at 20, whereby the ends can be interlocked with the slots. In other forms, the ends have to be twisted or bent transversely into an arc to enter the slots, and interlock when they resume their normal flat condition. In one such form, Fig. 15, each ring end 51 has slots 55, 56, and each slot in the rib has diagonally-opposed lugs 57, 58 so that the ring end has to be twisted for insertion into the rib slot, and the parts 55-58 interlock when it is freed. A somewhat similar arrangement is shown in Fig. 17 where the ends 51 of the rings have to be bent transversely to enter the rib slots. A lengthwise slot 62 facilitates the bending. In all these arrangements the ends 51 can be disconnected from the rib but in a more permanent interlock, Fig. 18, an inclined tongue 65 on the end 51 is forced through a slot 66 in the rib and springs back to engage the inside of the rib. The rib may be circular or oval in section or may be of flat tubular formation. Also, each ring has a flatter curvature at its centre 23, Fig. 6, when open so that when closed it will be tensioned in the opening direction. Devices are described for compressing the open rings to cause their ends to interlock with the slots in the rib. Means may be provided on the back 35, Fig. 10, of a cover to detachably secure a number of binding devices, and comprise a series of pins 39, 40 at each end of the back. Each tubular rib 21 is engaged at its ends by a pair of pins 39, 40, the pins 40 being axially movable by finger pieces 42 to permit of the attachment and detachment of the binding devices from the back. The binding devices are stamped in pairs from a single sheet.
Patent GB-363445-A (GB)
Title: Improvements in or relating to the destructive hydrogenation of carbonaceous materials in the liquid phase
IPC: C10G1/06
Filed: 1930-10-11
Abstract: Carbonaceous materials are destructively hydrogenated in the liquid phase in the presence of organic tin compounds which are decomposed under the conditions of reaction.  Compounds specified are salts of organic acids, such as stannous formate, oxalate, and acetate, and organo-tin compounds, such as tin tetraphenyl. Specification 337,046, [Class 32, Distilling &c.], is referred to.
Patent GB-875580-A (GB)
Title: Improvements in or relating to hermetically-sealed electrical switches
Inventor: RIDDELL WILLIAM
IPC: H02B1/28
Filed: 1957-09-30
Abstract: 875,580. Switch cases. BURGESS PRODUCTS CO. Ltd. Sept. 1, 1958 [Sept. 30, 1957], No. 30553/57. Class 38 (5). The hermetically-sealed casing 12 of a switch has bellows 14, 16 mounted on opposite sides and secured to opposite ends of the switchactuating plunger 10, to counteract fluctuations of atmospheric pressure tending to vary the force necessary to operate the switch. In another arrangement the bellows 14, 16 are mounted on the same side of the casing 12 and connected to opposite ends of a centrallypivoted lever, with the plunger 10 disposed axially of one of the bellows, Fig. 2 (not shown).
Patent GB-294816-A (GB)
Title: Improvements in advertising signs
IPC: G09F13/14
Filed: 1927-11-15
Abstract: 294,816. Perry, H. H. Nov. 15, 1927. Signs.-Signs of the kind in which light passes through a stencil on to a mirror which reflects it to the eye of an observer, are fitted with a pair of reflecting surfaces on opposite sides of the stencil, one of which receives light and reflects it through the stencil on to the other. For example, a box or framing carries a stencil 12, Fig. 1, mirrors 13, 14 and an electric lamp 15. Natural or artificial light strikes the mirror 14, is reflected through the stencil on to tho mirror 13 and so to the eye as shown. A hinged door 17 or roller blind may carry another stencil so that when it is turned down a second advertisement is seen from the rear by direct reflection from the mirror 14. Reference is made also to the viewing of the second advertisement by natural light by making the screen partly transparent. In a modified construction the two mirrors are practically at right angles to one another with the stencil bisecting the angle between them. Specification 279,521 is referred to in the Provisional Specification.