baber/WOPTO huggingface dataset:
Patent GB-799327-A (GB)
Title: Elimination of phenol from aqueous liquors
IPC: C07C37/72
Filed: 1956-07-04
Abstract: Phenol is removed and recovered from aqueous liquor containing phenol by passing the liquor through a first centrifugal countercurrent extractor countercurrent to and in intimate contact with a liquid solvent for phenol which is immiscible with water and has a lower specific gravity than water to extract the phenol from the liquor, discharging the dephenolized liquor from the extractor, passing the solvent containing phenol through a second centrifugal countercurrent extractor countercurrent to and in intimate contact with an aqueous caustic solution which has a greater specific gravity than the solvent so as to remove phenol from the solvent by reaction with the caustic solution to form a phenolate solution, discharging the phenolate solution and the solvent from the extractor, recycling one portion of said solvent to the first extractor, intimately mixing another portion with caustic solution and passing the mixture into the second extractor where the mixture is separated, the caustic solution passing countercurrently to the solvent containing phenol as described above and the solvent dispersing in the solvent containing phenol. The phenolate solution discharged from the second extractor is treated for recovery of phenol by conventional methods.  The term "phenol" includes cresols and xylenols.  The aqueous liquors used may be ammonia liquors from coking plant and contain ammonia, acid gases such as hydrogen sulphide and carbon dioxide and salts besides phenol.  The solvent used may be benzene, toluene, hydrocarbon fractions, ethers and esters.  The caustic solution is an aqueous solution of any caustic alkali which will react with the phenol to form a water-soluble phenolate, such as sodium hydroxide.  In an embodiment, the portion of solvent from the second extractor to be mixed with caustic solution may be passed with the caustic solution through a pump to a mixing tank where it may be stirred and then passed to the second extractor.  A part of this caustic solution/solvent mixture from the mixing tank may be passed back to the pump to establish local recirculation of the mixture.  Optimum temperatures and pressures and suitable solvent/aqueous liquor and solvent/caustic solution ratios are given.  An example illustrates the removal of phenols from coke-plant ammoniacal liquor.
Patent GB-997931-A (GB)
Title: Anhydrous liquid phosphoric acid
IPC: C01B25/24
Filed: 1961-06-08
Abstract: A substantially anhydrous liquid phosphoric acid derived from "wet process" phosphoric acid comprises an equibrated mixture of orthophosphoric acid and acyclic polyphosphoric acid (calculated mole ratio of water to P2O5 of from 2.0 to 3.5) containing non-volatile metallic impurities and free from metaphosphoric acid and salts, the quantity of acyclic polyphosphoric acid being sufficient to retain the impurities in a dissolved state.  The concentration of acyclic polyphosphoric acid should preferably be greater than the minimum necessary to prevent metallic impurities from precipitating. This minimum is given by the following equation <FORM:0997931/C1/1> where P2O5 poly = gram moles of P2O5 as polyphosphoric acid per 100 grams of acid; P2O5 ortho = gram moles of P2O5 orthophosphoric acid per 100 grams of acid; M = total atoms of non-volatile metal impurities per 100 grams of said phosphoric acid; a = average valance of non-volatile metal impurities = <FORM:0997931/C1/2> wherein the atomic symbols represent the gram atoms of their respective metal per 100 grams of said phosphoric acid and K is between 0 and 0.5 x 10-2. The anhydrous liquid phosphoric acid may have a corrosion rate of 15 mils. per year at 125 DEG  F. and a mol. ratio of water to P2O5 of 2.8-3.5.  The acid as above is prepared by heating wet process phosphoric acid to 120-400 DEG  C. and continuing heating whilst removing water vapour and volatile impurities, e.g. silica and fluorine.  The wet process phosphoric acid contains iron, aluminium and magnesium impurities and may be contacted with a cation ion exchange resin to absorb the magnesium.  Other impurities present are Fe, Al, Mg, Cr, V, Zn and Cu in the form of sulphates, fluorides and phosphates.  The removal of the water vapour and volatile impurities may be performed at atmospheric or subatmospheric pressure.  The acid may be neutralized to form ammonium phosphates useful as fertilizers. The anhydrous phosphoric acid may contain between 1 and 10% by weight of metallic and other non-volatile impurities. Specifications 997,932 and 997,933 are referred to.
Patent GB-1350234-A (GB)
Title: Strainers for straining liquids
IPC: B01D35/30
Filed: 1971-04-19
Abstract: 1350234 Moving band and rotary drum filters ETABS BEAUDREY & CIE 19 April 1971 [2 Feb 1970] 20769/71 Heading B1D A filter for liquids comprises a moving band or rotary drum filter element located in a closed housing 17 and cleaned by liquid sprays directed at its downstream side by nozzles 9, the level of unfiltered liquid 7 being maintained within predetermined limits by delivering gas through inlet 18 or removing it through outlet 19 to vary the pressure in the housing in response to means monitoring variations in level 7. The gas pressure may be above or below atmospheric, and gases other than air may be used. Varying the pressure varies the rate of flow of liquid into and/or out of the housing. In Fig. 2 some filtrate is withdrawn from the space within the band 2 by pump 11 and delivered to nozzles 9, used wash liquid and solids being discharged from trough 13 to waste. In Figs. 4, 5 (not shown) the filter element is an outward flow, open-ended drum, and wash liquid is collected by a hopper inside the drum, connected to a discharge valve controlled to maintain a liquid level in the hopper. The drum and moving band both comprise reticulate structures defining frames bridged by individual cloths or wire mesh sections. The drum in Figs. 4, 5 is rotated by an external electric motor via an immersed pinion and ring gear. Motor 15 in Fig. 2 is inside the housing.
Patent GB-536573-A (GB)
Title: Improvements in and relating to tobacco pipes
IPC: A24F1/10
Filed: 1940-07-16
Abstract: 536,573. Tobacco pipes. HUTCHINSON, G. V. V. July 16, 1940, No. 20811/39. [Class 130] A cylindrical joint between upper and lower bowls a, b is sealed by resilient material such as woollen thread in a groove h in the cylindrical portion of the tobacco bowl a. An aperture f is provided in the projection g of the bowl a and an extension e of the mouthpiece d projects into the chamber c. The bowl a is preferably of wood and the bowl b of heat-conducting material.
Patent GB-188380-A (GB)
Title: Improvements in and relating to ironing machines
IPC: D06F69/04
Filed: 1921-08-05
Abstract: 188,380. Baker, W. E. Aug. 5, 1921. Ironing-machines with reciprocating iron and stationary table. - In ironing-machines, such as that described in Specification 103,856, wherein an iron 2 is reciprocated above a table 7 the means, for example, handle 12, controlling the reciprocations is arranged on the beam 1 supporting the iron. The beam is incapable of vertical movements and to this end is mounted on guide rods 5 by means of brackets 3, 4. The iron is connected to the beam by an universal joint 8, and may slide vertically with reference to the beam with or without spring action, or its supporting bracket 9 may be fixed to the beam in which case the table may be given vertical movements by hand or foot operation. Fig. 4 shows a device for manually lifting the iron out of contact with the table, comprising a settable cam 14 rotatably mounted on one of the plunger guides 10 fixed to the bracket 9. Arrangements may be made whereby the iron can be thrown out automatically at any point of its travel.
Patent GB-499828-A (GB)
Title: Improvements in or relating to electron discharge devices for use in television and like systems
IPC: H01J29/43
Filed: 1937-07-28
Abstract: 499,828. Cathode - ray tubes. BAIRD TELEVISION, Ltd., and LANCE, T. M. C. July 28, 1937, No. 20899. [Class 39 (i)] The mosaic screen in a television transmission system is formed of wire mesh 5, coated with insulation 6 and bearing discrete elements 7 which are photo-sensitive ; an optical image is focused thereon and the elements are returned to datum potential by a scanning beam, this effect being used for producing the signals. In order to remove space charge from the front of the screen, a plate 8 is placed on the side of it remote from the electron gun and maintained at a positive potential. The resistance of the insulation 6 is such that some conduction takes place from the elements to wire mesh in order that the elements do not attain the potential of the plate 8.
Patent GB-350766-A (GB)
Title: Improvements in or relating to motion picture cameras
IPC: G03B1/12
Filed: 1930-07-10
Abstract: 350,766. Kinematograph cameras. SIEMENS & HALSKE, AKT.-GES., Siemensstadt, Berlin.-(Assignees of Projektor Ges.; 28, Wilhelmstrasse, Berlin.) July 10, 1930, No. 20947. Convention date, July 19, 1929. [Class 97 (i).] In a spring-driven kinematograph camera having means for taking slow- and accelerated-motion pictures, the diaphragm opening is connected to the means for changing the speed so that under and over exposures are avoided. In the form shown the speed control comprises a centrifugal governor 3-5 bearing a brake disc 7 which presses against a stop 9 on a lever 8. The position of the stop 9 is adjustable and the operating lever of the diaphragm is connected by means of a lever 12 pivoted at 13 to the rod 8 so that the diaphragm opening is charged when the stop 9 is moved.
Patent GB-1025228-A (GB)
Title: Yarn winding machines
Inventor: HARRISON WILLIAM SIEGFRIED
IPC: D01H1/30
Filed: 1963-05-25
Abstract: 1,025,228. Builder and traverse motions. BRITISH NYLON SPINNERS Ltd. May 20, 1964 [May 25, 1963], No. 20969/63. Heading D1D. A yarn winding machine, in which a traverse guide is reciprocated between reversal points by a traverse mechanism, with at least the reversal point at one end being itself reciprocated at a lesser frequency by a pick mechanism, the drive means for the pick mechanism being separate from that of the traverse mechanism, has adjusting means arranged to vary in a continuous cyclic manner the total distance travelled by the yarn guide per pick cycle to avoid ridging. A ring rail 2 is traversed by cylinder 10 which is reversed when plate 5 strikes stop 6 or 7. Both stops may be reciprocated by rotating cams 8, 9 to form a "multicycle" package, or one stop only may be reciprocated, with the other stop being slowly moved as by a half revolution of the cam, to form a "composite pin" package. A valve 22 has a cam reciprocated piston, Fig. 4 (not shown) to vary cyclically the flow of fluid to cylinder 10 and thus the speed of traverse of rail 2 and the distance moved by it during each pick cycle. In modifications the speed of rotation of either or both cams 8, 9 may be cyclically varied, through a planetary gear cam arrangement-Fig. 7 (not shown)-, or the two cams may be driven at different speeds, for example in the ratio of 1. 6:1. Alternatively an electrical impulse may be produced once per traverse cycle to alter the output of an electrical drive means.
Patent GB-641442-A (GB)
Title: Improvements in or relating to polymers and process of producing same
IPC: C08F14/06
Filed: 1947-08-01
Abstract: Vinyl chloride and vinylidene chloride, alone, together, or with other ethylenic monomers, e.g. vinyl acetate, are polymerized in aqueous emulsion in a ferrometallic vessel, the pH being 5-9 and a peroxy compound, e.g. benzoyl peroxide, being present.  A mixture of gelatin and sodium iso-propyl naphthalene sulphonate may be used as emulsifier.  The mixture may be agitated so as to wet the whole of the inside of the vessel.  Specification 569,182 is referred to.
Patent GB-1511230-A (GB)
Title: Colour television
IPC: H04N11/04
Filed: 1974-05-13
Abstract: 1511230 Television BRITISH BROADCASTING CORP 9 May 1975 [13 May 1975] 21118/74 Heading H4F A digital PAL signal is derived from an analogue PAL signal by sampling the analogue signal at a frequency f s  which is twice the colour subcarrier frequency f sc  and maintaining the sampling points at instants spaced one eighth of the subcarrier period from the zero crossings of the U components of the PAL signal. 'Alias' components in the recovered signal, caused by the use of a sample frequency at the Nyquist limit, are suppressed by comb filtering the analogue chrominance components prior to sampling and A-D converting for transmission and further comb-filtering the same frequency band f s -f v  to f v  (i.e. the chrominance frequency band) in the recovered D-A converted signal upon reception. The transmitter circuit of Fig. 3B generates a mean signal ¢(E 1  + E 2 ) in the frequency range f s -f v  to f v  which has all the odd harmonics of half the line frequency removed. These harmonics, however, create additional 'alias' components at the receiver, Fig. 4, within frequency range f s -f v  to f v . These are removed by comb filtering the odd integral harmonics of half line frequency from the reconstituted analogue signal.
Patent GB-1008935-A (GB)
Title: Stereophonic radio signal receivers
IPC: H03D1/22
Filed: 1963-05-27
Abstract: 1,008,935. Stereophonic radio receiving systems. RADIO CORPORATION OF AMERICA. May 27, 1963 [June 18, 1962], No. 21128/63. Heading H4L. In a receiver for stereophonic radio signals of the type in which the L+R signals frequencymodulate a main carrier wave, the L - R signals amplitude modulate a subcarrier wave which is suppressed, the resultant sideband signals frequency-modulating the main carrier wave, and a pilot signal being included for regenerating the subcarrier, the pilot signal is selected and supplied via a limiter to control an oscillator at a frequency related to that of the pilot signal. The use of a limiter avoids the phase change in the signal from the oscillator which occurs if the amplitude of the pilot signal varies. As shown, a unit 15, which may be added to an existing receiver, is connected to the output of the frequency discriminator 8. A trap circuit 23 removes a 67 kc/s. subcarrier signal which provides an additional channel independent of the stereophonic transmission, and the 19 kc/s. pilot signal is selected by a circuit 32 in the collector circuit of a transistor 18. The composite signal is derived from a resistor 31 in the emitter circuit of the transistor 18, which is shunted by a circuit 33 tuned to the pilot signal frequency. The pilot signal is applied via a limiter 40 comprising an appropriately biased transistor to a tuned circuit 48, 49 feeding a frequency doubler 50. A grounded base oscillator 55 which is inoperative in the absence of the pilot signal is controlled by the output of the frequency doubler 50, the voltage across resistor 54 allowing oscillations to commence. The 38 kc/s. demodulating or switching voltage from the tank circuit 64 operates a stereophonic reception indicator tube 67 via a transistor amplifier 68, and is also fed to a time division multiplex-type detector circuit 70. The composite signal in which the positive envelope corresponds to one of the stereophonic signals and the negative envelope corresponds to the other, is fed into the detector via the centre tap of the inductor portion 72 of the detector circuit, and the 38 kc/s, switching voltage synchronously switches the diodes 73, 74 to sequentially sample the positive and negative envelope. The right and left output signals from diodes 73, 74 respectively are fed through filters 87, 88, to remove unwanted high frequency components, and de-emphasis circuits to the respective reproducing devices. Negative potential appearing on the emitter of the transistor 18 provides a slight forward bias for the diodes 73, 74 to prevent distortion during monaural operation.
Patent GB-833066-A (GB)
Title: Improvements in synthesis of 1, 1-diaryl-ethanes
IPC: C07C2/70
Filed: 1957-07-04
Abstract: 1,1-Diarylethanes are prepared from acetylene and mono- or di-alkyl-benzenes such as toluene or xylene in the presence of a sulphuric acidmercuric compound catalyst using 15-45% of the stoichiometric amount by the process of the parent Specification modified by using increased pressures of 1 to 10 atmospheres. Diluted acetylene may be used.
Patent GB-299930-A (GB)
Title: Improvements in and relating to apparatus for burning pulverised fuel
IPC: F23J1/00
Filed: 1927-08-11
Abstract: 299,930. Gasified Fuel, Ltd., Hazlehurst, H. E., and Margetson, O. Aug. 11,1927. Pulverulent-fuel furnaces; ashpits. - A pulverulent-fuel furnace comprises a combustion chamber a with a sloping base c leading to a sump d in which slag or ash collects and is dis. charged into a pit e through an aperture g eccentrically arranged thereto. The aperture g is provided with a lip g<1> to cause the slag or ash when molten to fall in the form of drops clear of the side walls of the pit. The pit is provided with an inclined bottom f cooled by air which flows from the atmosphere or from a blower through the space h, formed by a plate i, to passages k and jacket i surrounding the combustion chamber. The air may be used for combustion. The plate f may be cooled by water. Specification 284,738 is referred to.
Patent GB-155337-A (GB)
Title: Improvements in or relating to firebrasses, fenders, firescreens and like hearth furniture
IPC: A47G5/00
Filed: 1919-08-29
Abstract: 155,337. Lycett, W. H., and Wilkins, E. E. Aug. 29, 1919. No Patent granted (Sealing fee not paid). Knobs and terminal ornaments.-Terminal ornaments for firebrasses, fenders, &c. are constructed by forming an open or recessed frame with a rebate or shoulder, into which will fit themounts or shells, the said mounts being retained in position by slightly pressing over the edges of the shoulder. The open attachment frame a is formed with the shoulders c, the edges e of which, when pressed over, secure the mount b in position. Reference has been directed by the Comptroller to Specifications 15691/87, [Class 44, Fastenings, Lock &c.], 7121/95, 5509/03, and 7348/06.
Patent GB-170359-A (GB)
Title: Manufacture of a new explosive
IPC: C06B43/00
Filed: 1920-07-14
Abstract: Cyanuric triazide, C3N3(N3)3, is prepared by the interaction of a cyanuric halide with excess of an aqueous solution of sodium azide in the cold, or by diazotising cyanuric trihydrazide in aqueous solution with a nitrite or a nitrosamine.  In the case of the diazotization process, the intermediate compounds cyanuric-dihydrazidomonoazide and cyanuric-monohydrazido-diazide may be obtained in admixture with cyanuric triazide by employing the requisite quantity of the diazotizing agent.
Patent GB-1334311-A (GB)
Title: Gate valve
IPC: F16K3/316
Filed: 1972-05-08
Abstract: 1334311 Valves VETCO OFFSHORE INDUSTRIES Inc 8 May 1972 [16 June 1971] 21321/72 Heading F2V A valve gate 42 is reciprocable between segmental seats 18, 19 to align either passage 44 or plug 50 with passages 27, 28 in the seats. The plug 50 is slidable in bore 45 and carries seal rings 53 engageable with the bore and the seats, the arrangement being such that the plug is displaced by upstream pressure into contact with the downstream seat. The gate is secured to rising stem 60 by a pair of cross pins 62 each engaging grooves in the stem and the gate, and stem 60 engages a non-rising stem 67 connected by overload pin 78 to an outer stem 76 trapped by thrust bearings 80, 81 lubricated via 86, excess lubricant escaping past resilient ring 89. The screw mechanism is lubricated via 73, 74.  The seats have seal rings 29 and are located by pins 37 on bonnet 31 which itself is located by pins 39.
Patent GB-738444-A (GB)
Title: Improvements in or relating to electrically heated protective covering for aircraft
IPC: C04B35/107
Filed: 1953-07-31
Abstract: Electric resistance heating wires are made of a copper-nickel alloy comprising 45, 22 or 12 per cent nickel, the remainder being copper.
Patent GB-1533442-A (GB)
Title: Process for continuous photopolymerisation
IPC: C08F2/48
Filed: 1976-05-24
Abstract: 1533442 Continuous photopolymerization process BAYER AG 24 May 1976 [28 May 1975] 21337/76 Heading C3P A process for the continuous photopolymerization of one or more ethylenically unsaturated monomers in bulk, solution, emulsion or suspension comprises causing the polymerizable material to flow continuously and freely down the inner wall of a vertically arranged tube, in which an ultra-violet light source is concentrically arranged, thereby irradiating and polymerizing the material. The tube may be thermostatized to allow the polymerization to be conducted under adiabatic conditions. In illustrated processes, styrene, acrylic compounds, divinylbenzene, dimethyl vinylphosphonate, chloroprene and vinyl acetate are used as monomers.
Patent GB-635303-A (GB)
Title: Process for producing detergents of the alkyl aromatic sulfonate type
IPC: C11D1/22
Filed: 1947-08-06
Abstract: Alkyl aromatic sulphonate detergents are prepared by sulphonization of an alkyl aromatic hydrocarbon, neutralization of the resulting sulphonic acid and drying of the sulphonate, the residual hydrocarbons being extracted with an organic solvent consisting essentially of hydrocarbons containing not more than four carbon atoms at a temperature and pressure sufficient to maintain the solvent in a liquid state.  The extraction step may be applied to the sulphonic acid itself or to the sulphonate either in solution or as the dried solid.  The extract is distilled to recover the solvent, which is liquefied and used again.  Preferred solvents are paraffins, e.g. propane and butane, or else propylene or butylenes, but liquefied refinery gas fractions may be used if freed from sulphur compounds.  The starting material may be made by alkylating an aromatic hydrocarbon (benzenoid or condensed ring type such as naphthalene or anthracene) containing not more than two alkyl substituents of no greater chain length than ethyl with an olefine of about 9 to 18 carbon atoms, preferably straight-chain or slightly branched. The olefine may be replaced by another compound, e.g. halide, mercaptan, ester.  An alkylation catalyst is preferably used, e.g. sulphuric acid, hydrogen fluoride, phosphoric acid, alone or with a siliceous absorbent, or a complex of silica with other oxides such as alumina or zirconia.  The desired alkylated product is separated by fractionation and sulphonated, e.g. with fuming sulphuric acid, sulphur trioxide or a halosulphonic acid.  The sulphonic acid is neutralized with a base such as an alkali hydroxide, ammonia or an organic amine, e.g. pyridine, a butyl amine, aniline, or an alkylolamine such as ethanolamine. Preferred products are those with a benzene nucleus with a single relatively straight-chain alkyl group of 12 to 16 carbon atoms, not more than one other alkyl substituent of greater chain length than methyl or ethyl and a single sulphonate group.  If the nucleus is of the condensed-ring type, the long-chain alkyl group may be reduced to three carbon atoms.  The example shows the alkylation of an aromatized mineral oil fraction containing about 88 per cent of toluene with a mixture containing olefines of 10 to 15 carbon atoms in the presence of hydrogen fluoride, and purification by treatment with 80 per cent sulphuric acid followed by a small amount of 95 per cent sulphuric acid.  The product is sulphonated with 100 per cent sulphuric acid, neutralized with sodium hydroxide and the sulphonate solution evaporated to p  dryness.  The dry salt is extracted with butane or propane to remove the residual hydrocarbons.