Patent EA-002673-B1 (EA)
Title: Method for preparing cement, concrete based thereon and concrete and reinforced concrete articles and cast structures of said concrete
Inventor: IOUDOVITCH BORIS EMMANUILOVICH
IPC: C04B7/00
Filed: 2000-03-23
Abstract: 1. A process for manufacturing of cement, forming a quickly soluble and interacting cementitious material with high early strength after mixing with a liquid by sintering of a cement raw mix in the clinker burning kiln, using solid, and/or liquid and/or gaseous fuel and/or other source of energy, said mix comprising main oxides in the mineral forms from the group: calcium oxide, silicium oxide, aluminium oxide, iron oxides, main small constituents from the group: magnesium oxide, sulfur trioxide, potassium oxide, sodium oxide, the remaining small constituents-impurities, and chemical compounds, being returned in said kiln with a dust, caught from stack gases, forming portland cement clinker, containing at least three clinker minerals from the group: tricalcium silicate (3CaOxSiO2), dicalcium silicate (2CaOxSiO2), tricalcium silicate (3CaOxA12O3), calcium aluminoferrite [2CaOx(A12O3)xx(Fe2O3)1-x], 1>x>0, with subsequent cooling and grinding of clinker obtained, characterized in that a promotor of mineral formation is further fed to said raw mix or to said partly burnt material, said promotor is a mineral-oxide additive comprising at least two clinker minerals from groups I: tricalcium silicate (3CaOxSiO2), dicalcium silicate (2CaOxSiO2), tricalcium silicate (3CaOxA12O3), calcium aluminoferrite [2CaOx(A12O3)xx(Fe2O3)1- x], 2/3>=x>=1/3 and/or II: mayenite (12CaOx7Al2O3), calcium monoaluminate (CaOxA12O3), dicalcium and monocalcium ferrites (2CaOxFe2O3, CaOxFe2O3) and/or III: alkaline, sulfate and halogenide derivatives of minerals of said groups and/or IV: calcium sulfoaluminate (4CaOx3Al2O3xSO3), calcium sulphate (CaSO4) and/or mixtures and derivatives thereof and/or V: aluminates and/or silicates and/or ferrites of alkaline metals; VI: mixes and/or compounds of minerals from said groups therebetween and/or with free calcium oxide, such mixes and/or compounds have mechanical and/or chemical genesis having been obtained in the forms of clinker and/or agglomerate and/or slag and/or deposit and/or suspension, wherein the promoter composition and obtained in its presence promoted clinker is chosen, corrected and sustained by criterion of the promotor basicity level (PBL), which exceeding the basicity level of clinker euthectic melt (BLEM), said melt composition disposing in a domain of portland cement clinker on the phase diagram of the system CaO - Al2O3 - SiO2 - Fe2O3 with temperature of crystallization at 1338 degree C, leaving out all impurities from considerations, said promotor basicity level as well as basicity level of promoted clinker (BLPC), obtained by using said promotor, is designed by calculated electronegativity values of chemical compounds in said promotor composition and in said promoted clinker composition compared to the similar calculated the clinker euthectic melt basicity level. 2. A process according to claim 1, characterized in that said promotor basicity level (PBL) and said basicity level of promoted clinker (BLPC) are chosen, corrected and sustained in the ranges correspondingly in about 1.005-1.07 and in about 1.0003-1.04 times larger compared to said basicity level of clinker euthectic melt (BLEM). 3. A process according to any claims 1 or 2, characterized in that the burning of promoted clinker is carried out at presence of an mineralizer, containing the accessory components from the group: mineral salts, minerals, oxides, impurities, including said small constituents, and also chemical compounds and oxides, returning in a said kiln with a dust, caught from stack gases, and the composition of said mineralizer and its content in a burning material are selected by calculations on criterion by basicity level of promoted and mineralized clinker (BLPMC), which exceeding the basicity level of control clinker (BLCC), burnt without using the promotor and mineralizer additives, said both basicity levels calculating with consideration of basicity levels of impurities on elecronegativity values of chemical combinations and/or oxides in impurities. 4. A process according to claim 3, characterized in that a complex mineralizer is used as said mineralizer for said clinker burning kiln, using powder coal, said complex mineralizer further comprises the high-basicity-part, namely calcium part in the form of powder-like materials from the group: lime, calcium carbonates, limestone, dolomite, mix thereof, and the low-basicity-part, namely low calcium, preferentially aluminosilicate content part consisting of powder or granular or slurry materials from group: ash and slage of power coals; granulated or crushed or groud metallurgical slags; chemical combinations from a dust caught from air, used for clinker cooling; ash of the mentioned powder coal for clinker burning, said ash is added to a burning material in a sintering zone of said kiln, and said additive parts of said mineralizer are used together on criterion of total basicity and had total content up to ab. 22% by weight of said raw mix of selected composition calculated as promoted and mineralized clinker. 5. A process according to any of Claims 1-4, characterized in that the values of basicity levels of said promotor (PBL), of said promoted clinker (BLPC), of said clinker euthectic melt (BLEM), and as well as the values of basicity level of said mineralizer (BLM), of said promoted and mineralized clinker (BLPMC) and of said control clinker (BLCC) are chosen, corrected, sustained and designed by representation of basicity levels values of chemical combinations, namely minerals, oxides, mineral salts, halogenides, other said materials, included in mentioned compositions, as a decreasing general series of the sums of values, which are inverse to the algebraic sums of electronegativity values of atoms, included in each of said chemical combinations. 6. A process according to any of claims 1, 2 and 5, characterized in that the levels of said relative basicity of said promotor Bprom and of said promoted clinker Bpc are chosen, corrected and sustained by the fixed values which are equal to the products of the value of relative basicity clinker melt level Beumelt which is accepted as 1 to relative basicity coefficients Kp of said promotor and for said promoted clinker, and selection of mineral composition for said promotor and said promoted clinker is carried out by calculated values of the sums Σ of products of chemical combinations relative basicity values Bpmin, included in promotor composition, to the weight part of each of mentioned chemical combination Npmin in said promotor, in the form Σprom (BpminNpmin) as well as for said promoted clinker in the form Σpc (BpcminNpcmin), where Bpcmin are chemical combinations relative basicity values in the composition of said promoted clinker, Npcmin are weight parts of mentioned chemical combinations in said promoted clinker, said sums are equated to the said fixed values, according to the following formulae:     where: B - calculated values of relative basicity, expressed in conventional units (in abbreviated form designated as c.u.), and equal to the algebraic sums of inverse electronegativity levels of chemical elements by Linus Pauling scale in chemical combinations, namely in minerals and/or oxides, i.e. for the components of the all said materials, in this case for said promotor and said clinker euthectic melt - without taking in calculations mentioned small constituents - impurities, dividing by a constant, equal to 2.24; Boxide - said values for oxides in said clinker euthectic melt composition; N - weight or stoichiometric coefficients, expressed accordingly in weight percents for components of said promotor, said promoted and control clinkers, said mineralizers and in molar parts for said melt components; Noxide - said stoichiometric coefficients for oxides, included in chemical composition of clinker melt; Beumelt - in this case is constant equal to 2.24 in units, inversal to units of electronegativity by Linus Pauling scale, and in this application assumed as 1 or 100 conventional units in mathematical expressions, including molar parts for said melt components and weight percents for components accordingly,  Kp has been chosen in the range from minimum (K<1>p), equal ab. to 1.0003, and up to maximum (K<max>p), equal ab. to 1.07. 7. A process according to any of claims 3 and 4, characterized in that the calculated value of relative basicity of said promoted and mineralized clinker Bmc is chosen, corrected and sustained by the fixed value which is equal to the product of the value of relative basicity of the said control clinker Bcc and of calculated value of relative basicity coefficient Km for mineralized clinker, and selection of mineral composition of the last is carried out by calculated value of the sum Σmc of products of relative basicities of chemical combinations Bmcmin, included in composition of mineralized clinker, to the weight part of each of mentioned chemical combination Nmcmin in said mineralized clinker in the form Σmc (BmcminNmcmin), said sum is equated to the said fixed value, according to the following formulae:     where: Bcc - current value of relative basicity of said control clinker, calculated as the sum Σcc of products of relative basicity values of including chemical combinations Bccmin without small constituents to their weight parts Nccmin in the form Σcc (BccminNccmin), Km has been chosen in the range from minimum (K<1>m), equal ab. to 1.01, and up to maximum (K<max>m), equal ab. to 1.07. 8. A process according to any of claims 1, 2, 5 and 6, characterized in that the calculated value of relative basicity of said promotor, promoted clinker, promoted and mineralized clinker and control clinker are chosen, corrected and sustained having taken into calculations only chemical combinations and/or oxides which contents in said materials exceeds ab.0.5 weight percent (Wt. %). 9. A process according to any of claims 1-8, characterized i