baber/WOPTO huggingface dataset:
Patent GB-1260449-A (GB)
Title: Improvements in or relating to the production of carbonfibres
IPC: D01F9/22
Filed: 1970-03-13
Abstract: 1,260,449. Treatment of polyacrylonitrile fibres. SIGRI ELEKTROGRAPHIT G.m.b.H. 13 March, 1970 [12 June, 1969], No. 12293/70. Heading B5B. [Also in Division C1] Synthetic polymer fibres are rendered more suitable for carbonization by contacting the fibres with one or more Lewis acids at a temperature between 150‹ and 250‹ C., to effect cross-linking between and/or cyclization within polymer molecules, and then oxidizing the treated fibres, in the presence of a dehydrogenating agent, at a temperature in the range 175- 350‹ C. whilst maintaining them under tension. Preferably the synthetic fibres are of polyacrylonitrile and the Lewis acid is tin tetrachloride (in a complex with diphenyl ether) or sulphur trioxide. During the oxidation step the temperature may be controlled such that it rises at a rate of between 40‹ and 200‹ C. per hour, preferably at a rate of 100‹ C. per hour when the rise is from 200‹ to 300‹ C. The preferred dehydrogenating agent is air. Fibres so treated may be carbonized and graphitized in a single, or in separate, working steps. In an example polyacrylonitrile fibres, with a total count of 2400 den., are treated at 220‹ C. with a complex of tin tetrachloride and diphenyl ether, complete cross-linking occurring throughout the thickness of the fibres in one hour. They are then (1) subjected to oxidation by drawing them continuously through an oven which is flushed with 100 litres of air/hour and in which there is a linear temperature rise of 100‹ C. per hour in the range 200-300‹ C.; (2) carbonized and (3) graphitized (for details see Division C1).
Patent GB-769011-A (GB)
Title: Improved liquid dispenser
Inventor: SMITH JOSEPH
IPC: B67D1/00
Filed: 1954-04-28
Abstract: 769,011. Mixing fluids in flow. HEATH, Ltd., W. H. May 25, 1955 [April 28, 1954], No. 12309/54. Class 86 [Also in Group XXVIII] In a liquid dispensing device for dispensing under pressure mixtures of liquids such as water and fruit essence in desired proportions including a tubular passage E forming a mixing chamber having an inlet branch B for water or other liquid under pressure, an inlet branch H say at right angles to the mixing chamber for the supply of fruit essence or the like and a jet or jets L, M for regulating the quantity of fruit essence or the like drawn into the mixing passage and a delivery branch O, the value D controlling the water supply is disposed on the upstream side of the inlet branch for the supply of fruit essence or the like. The inlet branch H is provided with a valve I raised by the suction action of the water flowing through the mixing passage. The position of the jet M is adjustable in passage E to more or less expose a transverse bore N in the jet to the outlet O so that air enters the space between the jets and disturbs the axial flow to regulate the quantity of fruit essence drawn into the mixing chamber. Specification 692,795 is referred to.
Patent GB-1152324-A (GB)
Title: Improvements in or Relating to Internal Combustion Engines
Inventor: POPE JOSEPH ALBERT
IPC: F01B7/14
Filed: 1966-04-01
Abstract: 1,152,324. Lubricating. MIRRLEES NATIONAL Ltd. 23 March, 1967 [1 April, 1966; 17 March, 1967], Nos. 14428/66 and 12509/67. Heading F2A. In an internal combustion engine having means for circulating lubricant while the engine is stationary and having at least one inverted piston, means are provided for extracting lubricant from said inverted piston when the latter is at rest. In an embodiment, a pipe 14, Fig. 3, is positioned so that the lower end thereof is at all times below the top of a skirt of an inverted piston 10a. A suction-pipe 16 of an ejector 15 is connected to the pipe 14 so that, when the ejector is in operation, lubricant is sucked from within the inverted piston 10a. In a general arrangement for the lubricating system of a multi-cylinder opposed piston internal combustion engine, an upper crankshaft 18, Fig. 4, is lubricated by means of a pump 17a which is driven by an electric motor 19a. A control-pump 20 is coupled to the upper crank-shaft 18 and is connected by means of a pipe 20a to a bobbin-valve 21, the pump 20 forcing the valve 21 against a spring 22 and allowing the pump 17a to supply lubricant to the upper crank-shaft 18. Similarly, a lower crankshaft (not shown) is supplied with lubricant from a pump 17b, driven by an electric motor 19b, being connected by means of the valve 21 and a pipe 21a. When the engine stops, the pump 20 no longer forces the valve against the spring 22 and the latter moves the valve so as to connect the pump 17a to the pipes 21a and 21b; thus lubricant continues to be supplied to the upper and lower crank-shafts for a limited period of time controlled by a delay switch (not shown). At the same time the pump 17b supplies ejectors 23 which suck out the lubricant from inverted pistons 24a, 24b, 24c and 24d. In a modified arrangement, the pump 20 and valve 21 are omitted; a pump 17b, Fig. 7, supplies pipes 21a and 21b; a pump 17a supplies a pipe 21c which connects to ejectors 23; and a time switch is provided for motor 19a. In another arrangement, a manifold 17c, Fig. 8, connects pipes 21a, 21b to a pump 17b; and connects to a change-over valve 17d by means of a pipe 17e. The change-over valve 17d is connected by a pipe 20a to a control-pump 20 and is connected by a pipe 21c to ejectors 23. In operation, when the pump 20 holds the valve 17d in position, a pump 17a supplies lubricant to the manifold 17c and the pump 17b also supplies lubricant to the manifold 17c. Thus both upper and lower crank-shafts are supplied by the pumps 17a and 17b. When the engine stops, the valve moves to its change-over position and connects the pump 17a to the ejectors 23 so as to extract the lubricant from inverted pistons 24a, 24b, 24c and 24d; at the same time the pump 17b supplies lubricant to both upper and lower crank-shafts via the manifold 17c and pipes 21b, 21a.
Patent GB-1464555-A (GB)
Title: Pyro-electric detector arrangements
IPC: G01J5/34
Filed: 1974-01-22
Abstract: 1464555 Pyroelectric devices MARCONI CO Ltd 22 Jan 1974 [15 March 1973] 12523/73 Heading H1K [Also in Division G1] A pyroelectric radiation detector comprises two substantially identical pyroelectric elements 1, 2 so mounted as to be subject to the same acoustic vibrations, means for shielding one of the elements 2 from radiation to be detected, and means 16 for subtracting the output of element 2 from that of element 1 whereby to cancel out any spurious piezoelectric signals generated by said vibrations and provide a difference pyroelectric signal representative of the radiation to be detected. The pyroelectric material may be PVC or polyvinylidene fluoride. As described element 2 is shielded by a metal box 3 while element 1 is located outside the box at the focus of a parabolic mirror (Fig. 3, not shown), covered by a germanium or silicon window.
Patent GB-163320-A (GB)
Title: Improvements in car door actuating mechanism
IPC: E05F15/04
Filed: 1921-05-02
Abstract: 163,320. McClellan, W. N. May 18, 1920, [Convention date]. Gates; barriers and guards for controlling entrance and exit footplates, spring.-In a tramcar &c. having a separate entrance and exit passage, means are provided for free movement through one of the passages in one direction only, locking-means preventing the free movement through the other passage, coin-controlled means for releasing the locking arrangement, sliding doors for normally obstructing the passages and means for controlling them by the driver. The entrance and exit openings 11, 12 respectively are normally obstructed by sliding safety doors 14 operated by the motorman by admitting compressed air to cylinders 25 which actuate the lever 15, Fig. 3. A flexible rope 38 connects the end of the lever 26 with two folding steps 34 which drop down when the stop 28 is withdrawn. When pressure is applied to the steps, contacts 44, 45, Fig. 8, complete an electric circuit and a signal in the motorman's cabin is run to warn him against closing the doors. The doors 14 are provided with leaf-spring guards 48 which flatten out when the door is slid into its recess. The exit turnstiles 50<1>, Fig. 6, are operated bv inserting a coin in the slot 69 which falls and bridges two electrical contacts 68, 67, causing the solenoid 64 to withdraw a pawl 61 from engagement with the notched disc 60 attached to the spindle 52 of the turnstile. On rotation of the turnstile, a cam on the disc 60 operates a rod 73 and the lever pivoted at 72, permitting the coin to drop into the receiver 71 and break the circuit. The spring '63 then draws the pawl 61 into engagement with the next notch. The turnstiles are provided at the top with a ratchet arrangement which permits rotation in one direction only.
Patent GB-413837-A (GB)
Title: Improvements relating to speed indicators
IPC: G01P1/04
Filed: 1933-04-29
Abstract: 413,837. Speedometers. WATSON, E. A., Zinal, Stoneleigh Road, Gibbet Hill, Coventry. April 29, 1933, No. 12553. [Class 106 (iii).] Temperature-compensating means is provided in electric eddy-current speedometers in which a generator driven at a rate equal to or proportional to the speed to be indicated, supplies alternating or polyphase current to windings b on a stator having pole pieces a between which a disc d or copper or aluminium, mounted on a spindle carrying a pointer g, can be rotated by the field of the stator against the pull of the spring f. The poles a are associated with magnetic shunts e of a nickel-copper alloy, the magnetic susceptibility of which diminishes with increase of temperature. One of the poles a is divided and provided with a copper shroud c. A higher degree of accuracy may be obtained by providing on the shunts e a small heating winding i associated with the stator windings. Alternatively a wound iron extension from the stator may be arranged alongside the shunts.
Patent GB-862977-A (GB)
Title: Process for the separation of the constituents of gas mixtures, liquid mixtures and powder-air mixtures
IPC: B01D53/22
Filed: 1957-04-17
Abstract: <PICT:0862977/III/1> <PICT:0862977/III/2> <PICT:0862977/III/3> In a device for centrifugal and thermal separation of liquid or gas mixtures a disc a is enclosed in a housing b and a cooling or heating medium can be continuously supplied to the disc through a hollow shaft which is turnably mounted in two bearings.  As an alternative the disc may be overhung.  The housing b carries electrical heating elements c, d and pipes e, f, g, for feeding-in the mixture to be separated or for discharging the separated or concentrated constituents, stuffing boxes h acting to seal the housing.  The two halves of the housing may be displaceably arranged for the purpose of allowing variation of the gap width and the housing may be heated or cooled by causing a heating or cooling medium, e.g. wet steam to wash about the housing externally.  A guide disc i is provided in the housing for the cooling or heating medium which flows through the main disc a. Figs. 2 and 3 show the arrangement of spirals k milled in the disc and l represents in chain lines the spirals milled in the opposite wall of the housing wall.  Figs. 4-10 (not shown) illustrate other modifications of the apparatus.
Patent GB-852273-A (GB)
Title: Improvements relating to axial-flow compressors
IPC: F01D11/12
Filed: 1959-04-14
Abstract: <PICT:0852273/IV(a)/1> A material for coating internal surfaces of the casing of an axial-flow compressor comprises a mixture of hard abrasive grit in a thermosetting synthetic resin.  The coating protects the casing from corrosion and also withstands the abrasive action of walnut shell grits used in a high pressure fluid stream for cleaning the compressor.  The material, comprising a mixture of between 20 and 35% by weight of a hard abrasive grit such as aluminium oxide, boron carbide or, preferably, silicon carbide of about 500 mesh size and between 65 and 80% by weight of an epoxy or silicone resin, is applied to the surfaces 15 of the casing by spraying, brushing or rolling in at least two coats, each of thickness not exceeding about 0,003 inch.  A mixture of about 25% silicon carbide in about 75% epoxy resin is preferred.  Each coat is dried at room temperature for about one hour and then baked at about 150 DEG F., for about one hour.  A final bake is made at about the operating temperature of the compressor, about 450 to 500 DEG F., for about two hours.ALSO:<PICT:0852273/III/1> Internal surfaces of the casing of an axialflow compressor are coated with a mixture of hard abrasive grit in a thermosetting synthetic resin.  The coating protects the casing from corrosion and also withstands the abrasive action of walnut shell grits used in a high pressure fluid stream for cleaning the compressor.  The coating material, comprising a mixture of between 20 and 35% by weight of a hard abrasive grit such as aluminium oxide, boron carbide or, preferably, silicon carbide of about 500 mesh size and between 65 and 80% by weight of an epoxy or silicone resin, is applied to the surfaces 15 of the casing by spraying, brushing or rolling in at least two coats, each of thickness not exceeding about 0.003 inch.  A mixture of about 25% silicon carbide in about 75% epoxy resin is preferred.  Each coat is dried at room temperature for about one hour and then baked at about 150 DEG F., for about one hour.  A final bake is made at about the operating temperature of the compressor, about 450 to 500 DEG F., for about two hours.
Patent GB-941539-A (GB)
Title: Improvements in and relating to internal combustion engines
Inventor: PETERSEN OVE
IPC: F02F1/24
Filed: 1962-04-03
Abstract: 941,539. Cylinders; cooling injectors. BURMEISTER & WAIN'S MASKIN-OG. SKIBSBYGGERI A.S. April 3, 1962 [April 6, 1961], No. 12773/62. Heading F1B. Cylinder accessories such as fuel injection valves, starting air valves, pressure indicators, and pressure relief valves are mounted in sleeves 7 press-fitted into bores in an intermediate ring fitted between the cylinder and cylinder head, which ring is bipartite and consists of inner and outer rings 3, 4. The rings 3, 4, are located by recesses 13, 14, in the cylinder liner and frame 1, 2, and are clamped by bolts 15 between the parts 1, 2, and a barrel 5 supporting the cylinder cover 6 which forms a cage for the exhaust valve 8. A cooling water space 10 between the rings 3, 4, is connected to the cylinder jacket 12 by bores 11, the water being discharged through transverse bores in the outer ring 4.
Patent GB-1427731-A (GB)
Title: Magnetic recording media and to methods for their production
IPC: G11B5/716
Filed: 1972-03-18
Abstract: 1427731 Magnetic records EMI Ltd 12 March 1973 [18 March 1972] 12777/72 Heading G5R [Also in Division C7] A magnetic recording medium, e.g. tape, card, disc &c., comprises a plastics substrate having a magnetic oxide coating, e.g. γ Fe 2 O 3 , which is coated with a thin metallic magnetic film. The film preferably comprises Co-Cr having 1-20% Cr, but other suitable alloys are Co-W, Co-P, Co-Mb, and Co-Ni-P. In an example, the oxide coating is about 12 Ám thick and the metal film between 0À1 and 0À2 Ám thick. The film may be applied by sputtering or vapour deposition and may be formed over the whole or part of the oxide layer, the latter system being utilized in manufacturing media for video and sound track recording.
Patent GB-668563-A (GB)
Title: Valve construction
IPC: F16K3/24
Filed: 1949-05-13
Abstract: 668,563. Valve closure members. GROVE, M. H., and GROVE, J. E., (trading as FLUID CONTROL ENGINEERING CO.). May 13, 1949 [May 15, 1948], No. 12829/49. Class 135. In a valve construction having a resilient seal ring carried either by the closure member or the seat, a guard member protects the ring when the valve is open. As shown in Fig. 5, the closure member comprises parts 31, 32, 33 held on actuating spindle 22 by welding at the end of the spindle. In a recess 37 between the parts 32, 33, is a resilient ring 38 which, together with the coned part 34 co-operating with the seat 36, closes the valve aperture 14. When the valve is opened the circular guard 43 loosely carried on the part 31 drops down and covers the ring. In modifications, the guard has two flanges co-operating with a collar on the spindle so as to forcibly raise or lower the guard or the guard may be spring loaded downwards. The closure member may consist of a plug without the coned part and may have two rings, one sealing with the guard which has a bevelled lower edge forced by fluid pressure on to a bevelled seat. As shown in Fig. 11, the sealing ring 77 is housed in a recess 76 in the seat and as the valve 83 is opened, a guard 78, urged upwards by a spring 81, covers the ring. As shown in Fig. 14, the plug 91 is raised by the tube 93 until the guard 101, carried by a stem 103, covers the sealing ring 98. On further opening movement of the tube 93 and plug 91, a pin 106 contacts the casing 111 so that the.plug moves against the spring 104 away from the guard which stays in the valve aperture.
Patent GB-310426-A (GB)
Title: Improvements in processes and apparatus for producing ethyl alcohol from the cases which develop during the baking of bread in ovens of whatever type
IPC: B01D3/00
Filed: 1929-04-25
Abstract: 310,426. Andrusiani, M. April 25, 1928, [Convention date]. Void [Published under Sect. 91 of the Acts]. Volatile liquids, recovering; column stills.- Strong alcohol is obtained from bakers' ovens by passing the fumes from the bread through catalytic chambers 6 to a surface condenser 19. The temperature of the water jacket 8 is kept at 146‹-150‹ F. by a valve on the cold water supply pipe 10 controlled by a thermometer 15 through a relay of known type. Condensed water is removed by a pipe 24. The alcohol is withdrawn by a pipe 21.
Patent GB-387556-A (GB)
Title: Improvements in oil engines
IPC: F02B21/00
Filed: 1932-05-05
Abstract: 387,556. Oil engines. LANG, F., 41, Laimerstrasse, Munich, Germany. May 5, 1932, No. 13005. [Class 7 (iii).] An air pocket 9 and a fuel-injection nozzle 8 are placed at opposite sides of a combustion chamber 5 which is 8-shape ir plan. Bosses 10, 11 on the piston 1 enter the combustion chamber and impose circular paths on the charge therein. To facilitate the mixing of the air and the fuel, the top of the combustion chamber slopes upwardly away from the nozzle. As shown in Fig. 4, the axes of the nozzles 81, 82' and the air pockets 91, 92 are parallel; they may however be arranged tangentially to the combustion chamber. A further nozzle 83 and a pocket 93 may be arranged as shown in Fig. 4. Specifications 358,416, 362,334, and 380,337 are referred to.
Patent GB-475041-A (GB)
Title: A process of treating material by heat
IPC: C01B35/12
Filed: 1936-05-08
Abstract: <PICT:0475041/III/1> <PICT:0475041/III/2> <PICT:0475041/III/3> <PICT:0475041/III/4> In a process of treating material by heat, the material is formed as an embankment from the base of which material is continuously withdrawn, and the material is continuously loosened near the top to form a channel containing loose material, movable means being provided for feeding the material through the channel, to be dispersed over the sloping surface of the embankment.  The process is described applied to the fusing and melting of hydrated borax, but may be used for calcining or roasting.  In the apparatus shown, the lower end of a firebox 1 is surrounded by the upper end of a fusion chamber 2 to leave a gap 3 into which material is fed from a rotatable hopper 25.  This hopper passes under a stationary bin to receive automatically a charge of material.  The depth of material in the gap 3 is controllable by slide gates.  The material enters the chamber 2 to form a sloping bed, the outer surface 17a of which is exposed to heat from the flame of an oil burner 4.  Material is fed to the top of the sloping bed by means of a member 33 and a number of cutters 39 carried by a rotating ring 26.  The cutters 39, of the form shown in Fig. 7, pierce through the inner wall of the bed and form a channel containing loose material some of which is pushed out on to the sloping surface of the bed by the member 33.  The material is discharged through an opening 63.  Hot gases pass out through an opening 62 to a flue 51.  A current of cool air from a pipe 49 passes through an inner perforated shell 47, whereby dust carried by the hot gases is chilled and loses its adhesive qualities which tend to produce choking of the flue.  To prevent water vapour from passing from the surface of the bed of material to the furnace walls or floor, membranes A, B, C, are provided, formed by application of strong heat to successive exposed surfaces of material while for the time further material is prevented from flowing over the heated surface.  Each such surface when cooled sets to a closelyknit glaze. Sodium tetraborate before being fed into the furnace is preferably calcined to reduce it to between Na2B4O7.5H2O and Na2B4O7.H2O.  The calcining may be done in a rotary drier fed with furnace gases from the flue 51. Specification 385,217 also is referred to.
Patent GB-366375-A (GB)
Title: Improvements in or relating to the manufacture of linoleum
IPC: D06N7/00
Filed: 1931-05-04
Abstract: 366,375. Inlaid linoleum. ARMSTRONG CORK CO., Lancaster, Pennsylvania, U.S.A.-(Assignees of Phelan, J. A. ; R.D. 3, Lancaster, Pennsylvania, U.S.A.) May 4, 1931, No. 13086. Convention date, June 9, 1930. [Class 140.] An assembly of patterned inlays supplied from one or more die rolls is passed on a web over an inspection table and certain inlays are re-orientated, for example by hand, to produce a variant pattern. A continuous marbled pattern as at the top of the Figure, may be converted, by turning alternate inlays in each row through 90‹, into the tile pattern at the foot of the Figure. Alternate inlays at the edge of the web may be made rectangular to indicate that they are not to be turned.
Patent GB-1056162-A (GB)
Title: New process for effecting the continuous rotary casting of hollow steel blanks
Inventor: BABEL LOUIS
IPC: B22D11/14
Filed: 1964-03-31
Abstract: 1,056,162. Continuous casting-machines. SOC. CIVILE D'ETUDES DE CENTRIFUGATION. March 31, 1964 [March 27, 1963], No. 13148/64. Heading B3F. In a process for the continuous rotary casting of a hollow blank formed between a rotating mould 2 and a central mandrel 1, the heat exchange between the blank which is forming and the mandrel is reduced in order that the internal wall of the blank cools more slowly and has a greater thickness and a substantially homogeneous temperature. The hollow, water-cooled copper mandrel I comprises three truncated cones 1a, 16, the tapers of which decrease in the direction of the mould outlet. After the first contact of the melt with the first section 1a, a skin is formed which then shrinks away from the mandrel to allow the formation of a gas pocket 3 to reduce heat exchange until the skin comes into contact with the second section 16 when the same effect occurs until the skin comes into contact with the third section 1c The mandrel may rotate eccentrically to the mould.
Patent GB-132148-A (GB)
IPC: B26D7/34
Abstract: 132,148. Pedersen, K. A. Jan. 2, 1919. Endless-chain, conveyers with linked carriers.-In a machine for cutting a succession of slices of bread or the like and subsequently coating them with butter or the like, the cut slices are carried to the buttering device and afterwards to a receiving table by a conveyer formed of hinged plates 19, which pass around drums 20 and are provided with projections 21 at regular intervals. Instead of plates, chains running over sprocket wheels may be employed. The conveyer is actuated by a motor or by a handwheel 39, the shaft of which has a pinion 40 which drives a pinion 41 on a shaft from which one of the drums is driven by a chain 43.