baber/WOPTO huggingface dataset:
Patent GB-1437589-A (GB)
Title: Apparatus for applying a continuous coating to an elongate web
IPC: B05C1/08
Filed: 1974-08-22
Abstract: 1437589 Coating device ALUMINIUM NORF GmbH and WERNER & PFLEIDERER 22 Aug 1974 [29 Aug 1973] 36896/74 Heading D1L Coating device for applying a continuous coating to a moving web comprises (a) a main frame 1 carrying a backing roller 5, (b) a sub-frame 2, detachably connected thereto, carrying a primary coating assembly 4 including a coating roller 9, wherein (i) the subframe 2 is displaceable with respect to the main frame I on guide 23 and (ii) the primary coating assembly 4 is displaceable with respect to the sub-frame 2 in a direction perpendicular to the axis of the backing roller 5. As shown the sub-frame 2 is movable on the guide 23 by means of a hydraulic cylinder 24 attached to the main frame 1. The subframe is locked onto the main frame by means of curved members 31, 32 which latch onto semi-circular members 33, 34 attached to the sub-frame using a second hydraulic cylinder 27. The primary coating assembly 4, comprising a coating roller 9, transfer roller 10 and metering roller 11, each independently movable on guide carriages 12, 13 and 14, is movable on guide carriage 8. The coaters may be housed in chambers placed on top of each other, [Fig. 3 (not shown)], from which air may be drawn, via chambers (38) for drying The coated web, to burners 40, 41.
Patent GB-831025-A (GB)
Title: Removal of water from aqueous ethylene diamine
Inventor: DYLEWSKI STANLEY WALTER
Filed: 1957-11-27
Abstract: Water is removed from aqueous ethylene diamine by subjecting it to at least one fractional distillation including a distillation at superatmospheric pressure to obtain a vapour richer in water and a liquid richer in ethylene diamine than the feed, there being employed alternate distillations, the residue from each being subjected to the other, the lower pressure being not more than 3/4 that of the higher and preferably not more than 15 p.s.i.g.  When using a single distillation at superatmospheric pressure the pressure is preferably at least 1.5 atmospheres (absolute).  If the aqueous ethylene diamine contains at least 7% by weight of water, distillation of at least 2600 mm. of mercury (absolute) will give a residue containing at least 95% of ethylene diamine.  At pressures of at least 55 p.s.i.g. no azeotrope is formed and water may be separated directly leaving dry ethylene diamine.  When using alternate high and low pressure distillations the first (high pressure) should yield overhead a fraction rich in water and as bottoms a fraction containing more ethylene diamine than the azeotrope formed at the lower pressure. This residue is distilled at the lower pressure to yield ethylene diamine overhead and the azeotrope as residue which is recycled to the first column to be redistilled at the higher pressure.  The lower pressure is preferably sub-atmospheric.ALSO:Water is removed from aqueous ethylene diamine by subjecting it to at least one fractional distillation including a distillation at super-atmospheric pressure to obtain a vapour richer in water and a liquid richer in ethylene diamine than the feed, there being employed alternate distillations, the residue from each being subjected to the other, the lower pressure being not more than 3/4 that of the higher and preferably not more than 15 p.s.i.g.  When using a single distillation at superatmospheric pressure the pressure is preferably at least 1.5 atmospheres (absolute).  If the aqueous ethylene diamine contains at least 7% by weight of water, distillation at at least 2600 mm. of mercury (absolute) will give a residue containing at least 95% of ethylene diamine.  At pressures of at least 55 p.s.i.g. no azeotrope is formed and water may be separated directly leaving dry ethylene diamine.  When using alternate high and low pressure distillations the first (high pressure) should yield overhead a fraction rich in water and as bottoms a fraction containing more ethylene diamine than the azeotrope formed at the lower pressure.  This residue is distilled at the lower pressure to yield ethylene diamine overhead and the azeotrope as residue which is recycled to the first column to be redistilled at the higher pressure.  The lower pressure is preferably sub-atmospheric.
Patent GB-370559-A (GB)
Abstract: 370,559. Electric switchboards. SCINTILLA AKT.-GES., Solothurn, Switzerland. Feb. 10, 1931, No. 4126. Convention date, March 10, 1930. [Class 38 (v).] In a switchboard for controlling the ignition circuits of aeroplanes in which the engines are put into operation in succession with a starting magneto, the switch for distributing the hightension current from the starting to the working magnets and the switches for controlling the ignition circuits of the working magnetos are enclosed in the same casing. As shown in Figs. 1 and 2, switches HI .. H4 are provided for controlling the working magnetos corresponding to the four engines, these switches consisting of rotary contact drums on which bear spring contact arms L1 .. L4 and M1 .. M4. &c. in such a manner that either of the working magnetos for each engine may be brought into operation or both magnetos may be shortcircuited. On the same base is also mounted a switch for distributing the H.T. current from the starting magneto to the working magnetos, this switch consisting, Fig. 3, of a terminal P to which the current is led and a fixed contact portion R on which rests a rotary contact S which may be brought opposite fixed contact pieces T in connection with terminals Q one of which Q1 .. Q4 is provided for each engine. The switches H1 .. H4 bear on a common busbar 0 on which also bears the switch drum of a switch 9 which is arranged to short-circuit simultaneously the working magnetos of all the engines. The switches are retained in their adjusted positions and pressed into engagement with their base contacts by rounded members X secured to springy arms carried by the switch drums, the members X engaging depressions in a plate V spaced above the base plate.
Patent GB-438172-A (GB)
Title: Improvements in and relating to electric switch devices of mercury or other fluent material type
IPC: B64C5/04
Filed: 1934-12-31
Abstract: 438,172. Mercury switches; automatic circuit-breakers. BRITISH THOMSON - HOUSTON CO., Ltd., Crown House, Aldwych, London. Dec. 31, 1934, No. 37396. Convention date, Dec. 30, 1933. [Class 38 (v)] A mercury switch with a time-delayed action comprises a sealed envelope 22 formed with an internal shoulder 35 against which is clamped by means of a perforated plate 37 and bolt 39, a metal partition 36 which divides the envelope into two compartments, and which is formed with two tubes 40 and 41 provided with restricted orifices 42, 43. In one end of the envelope is a stem 45 terminating in a cup 46 at the bottom of which is an electrode 18 and towards the top of the cup is the exposed end of a second electrode 17 contained in an insulating sheath ending in a small cup 47. The envelope contains a quantity of conducting liquid such as mercury. The switch is described in its application for reclosing a solenoid controlled circuit breaker a predetermined number of times after it has been opened on overload. For this purpose the envelope is mounted on a bracket 25 pivoted on an axis 26 and is coupled by linkage to the operating lever of a circuit breaker (not shown), so that when the circuit breaker opens the envelope is tilted into a vertical position with the electrodes 17, 18 at the lower end. Mercury flows slowly through the orifice 42 and after a certain time the cup 46 is filled and electrodes 17 and 18 are connected to complete the circuit of the reclosing coil of the circuit breaker which closes and returns the mercury switch to the position shown in Fig. 2. The mercury is tipped out of cup 46 and starts to flow slowly through orifice 43. If the overload is removed the whole of the mercury is thus restored. If however the overload is sustained, the circuit breaker is immediately reopened and the switch again inverted leaving some of the mercury round the base of the stem 45. Any mercury which however remains in the other compartment flows through' orifice 42 to fill the cup 46 and cause reclosing. The number of times the circuit breaker is reclosed while the overload persists, depends on the quantity of mercury, and when this is all round the base of the stem 45 the circuit breaker remains open and must be reclosed by hand. In a modification, the orifice 42 is made wide so that all the mercury flows through quickly and the circuit-breaker is only reclosed once.
Patent GB-1438655-A (GB)
Title: Photographic copying apparatus
IPC: G03B27/30
Filed: 1972-08-10
Abstract: 1438655 Contact printing apparatus R A ROOSEN 18 June 1973 [10 Aug 1972] 37453/72 Heading G2A A photographic copying apparatus comprises a housing 1 in which there is a holder 2 for a strip of light-sensitive recording material 3, a light source 4, a strip driving means including at least one rotatable element which can be rotated by frictional contact with a surface 5 bearing matter to be copied as the apparatus is advanced over that surface and which thereby advances the strip through an exposure zone where it is irradiated by light from the source 4 and is in contact with the surface 5, and exposure control means which functions in dependence on the rotation of the rotatable element to cause emission of light pulses of predetermined energy from the source 4 at a frequency that is linearly dependent on the speed of rotation of the element, so that the number of pulses emitted during passage of a given length of the strip 3 through the exposure zone is the same for different rotation speeds. The exposure control means may comprise an actuating circuit for the light source, which circuit produces an energy pulse of a predetermined shape and magnitude (on the intensity-time scale) responsive to any activating input pulse, and a triggering circuit which delivers such an input pulse during each of successive partial rotations of the rotatable element. A group of magnetic strips may rotate with the rotatable element and the strips may cause successive closures of the triggering circuit during each revolution of the element. The exposure control means may comprise a one-step multi-vibrator which controls actuation of a switch mechanism of an energization circuit of the light source. In Fig. 8 the apparatus contains batteries 24 whereas in Fig. 1 the apparatus is connected to an external power source. The apparatus may contain a builtin processing station for processing the lightsensitive material. The apparatus is moved over the original 5 in the direction shown by the arrow 6 and photo-sensitive material 3 is fed into second channel 8 and guided on to a take-up reel 9 in Figs. 1 and 8. In Fig. 8 the light source 11 consists of a single tubular lamp in a parabolic reflector 34 provided with a slit 38 for uniformly pre-exposing the photo-sensitive material 3 to a fraction of its normal exposure value before this normal exposure occurs beneath window 12. A lid 39 is hinged by hinge 45 to housing 1, for guiding the photo-sensitive sheet 3 out of the apparatus if any small copies are to be made. The lid 39 may be provided with a cutting device.
Patent GB-995981-A (GB)
Title: Improvements in or relating to the manufacture of chocolate
IPC: F25B1/00
Filed: 1963-09-24
Abstract: 995,981. Tempering chocolate. R. SOLLICH. Sept. 24, 1963 [Sept. 27, 1962], No. 37485/63. Heading A2B. [Also in Division F4] In an apparatus for tempering chocolate compositions and for maintaining the tempered state in the chocolate compositions the apparatus is associated with a refrigerator in such a way that heat is removed from the cold part of the tempering apparatus by the vapourizer of the refrigerator and heat is supplied to the warm part by the condenser of the refrigerator. The heating zone comprises a storage container 2 (Fig. 1) surrounded by water bath 1. A worm conveyer 4 conveys the chocolate in a narrow annular gap along heated surfaces the chocolate obtaining a temperature of 36 to 38‹C. At its lower point the water bath widens to accommodate condensation coil 5 in which refrigeration gas coming from the refrigerator compressor 7 liquifies, the thermal energy liberated being transferred to water bath 1. A heating element 6 controls the temperature in the heating zone. Any residual gas is liquified in after condenser 8. The liquified cooling medium passes through valve 9 into the spiral evaporator parts 10 of the cooling cylinder 11. The untempered chocolate entering the cooling zone at 36 to 38‹C. is cooled to the working temperature of 26 to 31‹C. A heating wire 15 wound round the cooling cylinder 11 is automatically controlled by device 14 to provide control against temperature fluctuations. The tempered chocolate is conveyed by worm 12 to further processing apparatus, excess chocolate 17 being returned to storage container 2. The cooling output of the refrigerator is greater than that required for cooling to the tempering temperature.
Patent GB-800879-A (GB)
Title: Improvements in or relating to the treatment of light metals
IPC: C22B21/06
Filed: 1955-12-30
Abstract: 800,879. Refining metals. KAISER ALUMINUM & CHEMICAL CORPORATION. Dec. 30, 1955 [April 18, 1955], No. 37510/55. Addition to 745,769. Class 82(1) The process for refining light metals and alloys of the parent Specification, is modifled by passing the stream of flux-treated molten metal through a zone (79) of relatively quiet, i.e. non-turbulent, flow and under a protective atmosphere before it leaves the fluxing chamber (77) for casting. Molten light metal 2 passes from the furnace 1 which may be of the open hearth, reverberatory, or electrically heated types, under a SiC wall 75 through the opening 76 into the chamber 77 where fluxing gas, preferably chlorine nitrogen or mixtures thereof, is admitted via tubes 78. The metal then enters the zone 79 and leaves by a tapered tap hole 80 whence it may enter a conveying trough also as in the parent Specification, by level pouring and under a protective atmosphere for conveyance to a casting station. The chamber 77 and cover 81 may have heating arrangements, the method is said to be barticularly suitable for A1 base and Mg base alloys as well as Al.
Patent GB-875878-A (GB)
Title: Improvements relating to photographic processes and to stabilising solutions for usein such processes
IPC: G03C5/39
Filed: 1958-11-24
Abstract: 875,878. Photographic processes. MASON & SONS Ltd., E. N., GLASSETT, J. W., and SUTTON, F. S. Nov. 4, 1959 [Nov. 24, 1958], No. 37697/58. Class 98(2) In a photographic process wherein an exposed and developed silver halide emulsion layer is fixed with an alkali-metal or ammonium thiocyanate, the emulsion layer is treated after development with an ascorbic acid or salt thereof. The ascorbic acid may be added to the fixing solution or may be used in a separate solution after fixing. The invention is particularly applicable to the fixing of silver halide emulsions which contain developing agents and have been rapidly developed by means of caustic alkali solution.
Patent GB-1523648-A (GB)
Title: Apparatus for determining a power function
IPC: G01P5/24
Filed: 1975-09-12
Abstract: 1523648 Measuring voltage SIEMENS AG 12 Sept 1975 [18 Sept 1974] 33702/75 Heading G1U To measure a 'power function' e.g. r.m.s. value, power value, cross-power, a variable gain amplifier is controlled such that the power function of the output thereof is controlled to be a constant value, and the gain of the amplifier is measured to determine the power function of the input thereto. In Fig. 1, the input U 1 (t) e.g. a signal from an ultrasonic Doppler blood flow measuring apparatus i.e. 30Hz-15 kHz, has a 100 kHz chopped D.C. superimposed thereon in adder 4. After amplification 1, the Doppler signal is separated by low pass filter 5, squared 6 and integrated 7 to determine its power value and this is compared to a reference U Ref1  in a high gain differential amplifier 8 whose D.C. output is used to control the gain a, of the amplifier 1 such that the power of its output is constant (i.e. U ref   1 ). The gain of the amplifier is measured by separating the 100kHz chopped signal from the amplifier output via band pass filter 10, detecting its magnitude 11 and adjusting  the magnitude of the superimposed signal U 2 (t) until the dilected value is equal to a constant, U ref   2 . At this point, the magnitude of the superimposed signal U 2 (t) can be shown to be directly proportional to the r.m.s. value of the input signal U 1 (t). This value may be squared to determine the signal power. This method, enables the 'power functions' to be determined using squaring devices (i.e. 6) which have only a small dynamic range. The Fig. 2 embodiment (not shown) utilizes the same principle to determine r.m.s. values, but the power regulating loop, and gain measuring loop are separated by time multiplexing instead of frequency multiplexing as in Fig. 1. In Fig. 3 (not shown) a time multiplexed system is used wherein by providing two parallel gain measuring loops, the a.c. gain measuring signal is passed through the loops alternately in series in each measurement period, which results in an output signal as above, but which is proportional to the power value. In the Fig. 4 embodiment (not shown) a second input U 3 (t) has a regulating loop, and the processing means 6 in the main loop is a multiplier of the two input channel amplifiers, such that the cross-power of the two inputs is measured. Fig. 5 (not shown) the process is carried out using frequency multi-plexing Figs. 6, 7 (not shown) perform frequency-weighted power determinations.
Patent GB-1406541-A (GB)
Title: Bulking of fibres
IPC: D02G1/00
Filed: 1973-08-09
Abstract: 1406541 Bulking fibres TEXTILIPARI KUTATO INTEZET 9 Aug 1973 [11 Aug 1972] 37751/73 Headings D1F and D1W [Also in Division C3] In a bulking process, vegetable, animal, regenerated or synthetic fibres in the form of spun staple or continuous filamentary yarn are physically deformed (as in known bulking and crimping treatments including knit-deknit and twist-detwist) to an extent corresponding to the required degree of bulking and are fixed in such bulked condition by reaction with a grafting monomer, before or during which the fibres may be subjected to high-energy irradiation. Examples describe polyamide (singles), viscose rayon, polyester, polyamide (cabled), bleached cotton and polypropylene yarns reacted in aqueous solutions of acrylamide, monomethylol-acryliamide and methacrylic acid; 75:20:5 (by volume) mixture of methanol, water and acrylonitrile; 80:15:5 (by volume) mixture of methanol, water and styrene; 90:10 (by volume) mixture of toluene and acrylic acid to which 0.5% (by weight of the mixture) of lauroylperoxide is added.
Patent GB-839117-A (GB)
Title: "improvements in combination tools"
IPC: B26B23/00
Filed: 1958-11-24
Abstract: 839,117. Combination tools. EIKESAS, B. Nov. 24, 1958, No. 37804/58. Class 61. In a combined axe and saw wherein the saw blade 3 housed in a tubular shaft 4 when the implement is used as an axe, the shaft being removed when the tool is used as a saw, the axe head is provided with a short shaft 2 which serves as a holder for the saw blade. The tubular shaft 4 is adapted to be fixed to the shaft 2 by means of a bolt and butterfly nut 5. A lining 6 of rubber or similar material is provided in the shaft 4 to protect the teeth of the saw blade.
Patent GB-1471725-A (GB)
Title: Transparent yellow iron oxide pigment
IPC: C01G49/00
Filed: 1974-08-30
Abstract: 1471725 Iron oxide pigment BASF AG 30 Aug 1974 [1 Sept 1973] 37932/74 Heading C1A [Also in Division C3] A transparent yellow iron oxide pigment, which is amorphous according to X-ray diffraction, has the formula Fe 2 O 2À960-2À999 C 0À01-0À05  and may be prepared by introducing iron carbonyl and/or a volatile iron carbonyl compound (e.g. butadiene iron carbonyl) in a finely divided liquid or in vapour form into a combustion zone with the amount of oxygen required for combustion and, in addition, at least 0À5 Nm.<SP>3</SP> of diluent gas, which may be oxygen, air or inert gaseous material, per mole of iron carbonyl or iron carbonyl compound, burning the iron carbonyl and/or iron carbonyl compound at a temperature of 580 to 650 C. with a residence time of 0À5 to 5 seconds, and chilling the resulting pigment, on its exit from the combustion zone, to a temperature below 250 C. in the space of less than 2 seconds. The pigment may be incorporated into, e.g. alkyd-melamine resin to give a transparent yellow paint suitable for application to metallic surfaces to give a metalliceffect finish; it can also be used in the manufacture of printing inks and transparent wood stains.
Patent GB-1521773-A (GB)
Title: Containers for nuclear fuels
IPC: G21F1/02
Filed: 1975-09-16
Abstract: 1521773 Shielded containers W R HOUSHOLDER and N L GREER 16 Sept 1975 [19 Sept 1974] 37942/75 Heading B4Q A container for nuclear fuels comprises a metal housing 12, a pressure vessel and gamma shield assembly 43, spacers 44, 110 extending between the housing 12 and the assembly 43, and insulation 116 filling the remaining space between the housing 12 and the assembly 43 and comprising water droplets encapsulated in a plastics material. Assembly 43 comprises a pressure vessel 48 with a closed bottom 50 and a top flange 52 to which is bolted a closure head 54. Head 54 is provided with a gas relief valve 58 surrounded by a protective shroud 62 through which gases produced by the nuclear fuel may be controllably released. A plastics seal 56 is located between the flange 52 and the head 54. The gamma shield comprises inner and outer walls 92, 94 between which is a lead shield 104. Bolts 106 and nuts 107 clamp the assembly together. The assembly is secured to wooden end spacer beams 44, 46 by nails 108, while wooden spacers 110 are nailed at 112 to brackets 114 welded to wall 94. The insulation 116 which acts a combination of spacer, positioner, heat barrier, shock absorber and neutron shield for the pressure vessel (and polyethylene radioactive salt solution container or oxide container carried therein) and gamma shield assembly 43 comprises a water-in-resin emulsion type system which is poured into the housing 12 and peroxide cured or cross-linked. This particular form of insulation decomposes under high temperature to form steam and gaseous products, e.g. CO and CO 2 . Under normal conditions, the heat generated by radioactive-decay of the nuclear fuel is removed by conduction while under abnormal conditions, e.g. extreme heat from an oil fire impinging on the housing exterior, such heat is not transferred to the pressure vessel and gamma shield assembly and its contents. A double-containment version of the container for transporting plutonium solids forms the subject-matter of the divisional Specification 1,521,774.
Patent GB-797490-A (GB)
Title: Improvements in or relating to transposed electrical conductors
IPC: H01B7/30
Filed: 1956-12-12
Abstract: 797,490. Conductors. WESTERN ELECTRIC CO., Inc. Dec. 12, 1956 [Dec. 29, 1955], No. 37947/56. Class 36. A conductor comprises a conducting core 35 surrounded by a plurality of composite conducting members 36 which are insulated from each other and from the core and each of which comprises a plurality of conducting strips 38, 39 separated by insulation 41 and transposed relative to each other at intervals along the length of the conductor, either by twisting each of the members 36 through 180 degrees at spaced points (Fig. 4), at which points the strips may be of reduced width, or by providing notches at intervals along each of the strips, at least one of the strips having notches on one side and the remainder having notches on the other, the strips being crossed at the notches (Fig. 5). In either case the members 36 may spiral about the core. Specification 334,553, [Group XXIII], and U.S.A. Specification 1,756,546 are referred to.