Patent GB-592330-A (GB)
Title: Improvements in and relating to methods of operating internal combustion engines
IPC: F02B1/00
Filed: 1945-05-18
Abstract: 592,330. Supplying liquid fuel. FEELING, H. R., and FRIEDLANDER, G. May 18, 1945, No. 12625. [Classes 7 (ii) and 7 (iii)] Apart from normal operation, a substantially increased power output range is obtained, when required, by injecting increased quantities of fuel with oxygen under pressure in quantities calculated to effect incomplete combustion of the fuel, the compression ratio remaining the same as for the normal output. Liquid fuel is injected into the cylinders 1 of a two- or four-stroke engine by a pump 7 and fuel injectors 2 under normal operation, but for increased power oxygen under pressure, obtained from liquid oxygen passed by a pump 11 through a vapourizer 12, is injected by an injector 3 simultaneously with increased fuel from an injector 2. Preferably the fuel and oxygen injectors 2, 3, are combined, Fig. 2, the pressure of fuel supplied through conduits 6, 16, lifting the spring-loaded valves 4 and 13. The oxygen is supplied to injector 3 through conduit 9 and it flows through conduit 2b and annular spaces 2a, 8a, surrounding the fuel nozzle to the injector orifice 8b. The space 2a may be fitted with a helical partition or other means to induce swirling of the injected oxygen. To ensure that oxygen is not injected when operating on the normal power out-put range, the valve 13 is maintained closed by fuel under pressure from a pump 20 acting on the valve piston 13b through conduit 17, and further a stop-valve 16a is provided in the fuel conduit 16. Operation of the valve 16a and pump 20 are synchronised with the control rod 30 of the fuel pump 7 so that on switching over to increased fuel for the higher output range, the pressure of oil maintained on the piston 13b is relieved and the valve 16a, which may be operated electromagnetically, is opened so that the , fuel pressure can actuate the oxygen valve 13. The plunger 23 of the fuel pump 7 delivers fuel entering through ports 24a, 24b, past a non- return valve 25 to the fuel lines 6, a longitudinal groove 23a in the plunger registering with port 24a for idling. The period of injection is controlled by the position with respect to the port 24b of a helical shoulder 23b and cavity 23c, communicating with the groove 23a, the plunger being rotated by means of a rack 29 on the control rod 30, which rotates a sleeve 28, engaging a key 26 on the stem 22. The pump 20 is similar, but its plunger 31 has only the longitudinal groove 32 and the delivery side is connected by a bye-pass 35 containing a restricted orifice 35a to the supply side of the pump. On the normal output range the groove 32 is out of alignment with port 33 so that fuel is delivered under pressure to the reservoir 19 and lines 18, 17, but when rod 30 is moved to give the increased output, the groove 32 registers with port 33 and the pump idles so that the pressure on the end of the piston 13b is relieved. The relative quantities of fuel and oxygen are determined by adjusting the spring-loading of the valves 4, 13, and the stop valve 16a may be operated separately of the control rod 30 or in conjunction with the throttle. The oxygen pressure may be regulated by a valve in the pump 11, and in a two-stroke cycle a small charge of an inert gas may precede the scavenging air charge. The device may also be used with engines normally supplied with combustible mixture by carburetters. Specification 551,859 is referred to.