Patent GB-621687-A (GB)
Title: Improvements in or relating to testing electrical communication systems
IPC: H04B17/40
Filed: 1946-03-27
Abstract: 621,687. Telephone and like transmission measurements ; voltage measurements. COOPER, W. H. B., and DUERDOTH, W. T. March 27, 1946, Nos. 9564 and 9911. [Class 37] [Also in Group XXXIX] A communication system which comprises terminal stations and intermediate amplifying means between them is provided at a terminal station with means for transmitting a pulse of a determined frequency or transmitting simultaneously. pulses of different determined frequencies along the system and means at a terminal station arranged to receive, and means arranged to measure the amplitude of, a pulse of high-frequency different from the transmitted pulse frequency or frequencies. A terminal station A, Fig. 1, is connected via a line L with a terminal station B through intermediate amplifiers RA of repeaters R. Signals normally transmitted by station A are confined to a lower frequency band, e.g. between 12 and 60 ke/sec., while station B normally transmits signals confined to the upper band, e.g. between 72 and 120 kc/sec. Signals from station A pass through low-pass filters LPA at station A, LP1, LP2 at the intermediate repeaters R, and LPB at station B. Signals from station B pass through high-pass filters HPB, HP1, HP2, HPA. For testing the intermediate amplifiers RA for nonlinearity and for measuring the signal power level at each amplifier, a pulse sender PS, a pulse receiver PR, and switches a1, a2 are provided at station A. The switches a1, a2 are shown in solid lines in the position for normal transmission of signals and in dotted lines for testing, when switch a1 connects the pulse sender PS with the line L and switch a2 connects the line with the pulse receiver PR. The pulse sender PS transmits trains of pulses of 30 kc/sec. carrier frequency, each pulse being of 200 microseconds duration and the pulses repeated at a rate of 100 per second. Oscillators O1, 02 produce sine waves of 30 kc/sec. and 100 cycles per second. A pulse generator PG and switching modulator SM are also provided. The pulse receiver at station A comprises a frequency selective amplifier FSA, a cathode-ray oscillograph CRO, and a time base circuit TB supplied with a synchronizing signal from the oscillator 02. The 30 kc/sec. pulses are transmitted from station A to station B through the low-pass filters LPA, LP1, LP2, LPB. Non-linearity of the intermediate amplifiers RA produces pulses of the harmonic frequency of 90 kc/sec. of 200 microseconds duration at the rate of 100 pulses per second at the output of each amplifier RA. These pulses pass through the high-pass filters HP1, HP2, HPA back to station A and via amplifier FSA to the oscillograph CRO where they are identified on a time delay basis as coming from particular amplifiers RA and their magnitude indicated. For testing from station B, which normally transmits at the higher frequency, oscillators 03, 04 of 80 kc/sec. and 100 kc/sec. and 05 of 100 cycles/see. are provided. A pulse generator PG is provided and modulators SM2, SM3 are arranged for the modulation of the waves from the oscillators 03, 04. The resultant pulses at 80 kc/sec. and 110 kc/sec. are transmitted to line L and amplifiers RA. Non-linearity of the amplifiers produces third order harmonics of a frequency of 50 kc/sec. which are transmitted back to station B by way of the low-pass filters LP1, LP2, LPB to a pulse receiver PR at station B, the receiving amplifier of which is tuned broadly to 50 kc/sec. For measuring the power level at the output of the amplifiers RA a calibrated device NR, Fig. 2, having a non- linear voltage-current characteristic is connected to the system when an operating coil NC is energized from line L through a tuned circuit to close contacts TS1. The device NR may be a diode, a metal rectifier, or a silicon carbide resistor, and produces harmonics which are transmitted back to the station A.