baber/WOPTO huggingface dataset:
Patent SK-13197-A3 (SK)
Title: Device for emptying a hose bag
Inventor: PAUSER HELMUT
IPC: B65B69/00
Filed: 1997-01-30
Abstract: The rigid cap (11) has a rear cylindrical flange (13) for holding one end of the bag. The front of the bag (15) is supported by a transverse wall (12) with an outlet (17). Part of the sheeting of the bag is cut by a recess (16) starting from the transverse wall and connecting with the outlet. The recess contains at least one pin (18) whose point (19) facing the bag is set back into the recess in relation to the surface of the transverse wall supporting the bag. The height of the pin is less than half the depth of the recess. The recess with a transverse wall forms a sharp edge.
Patent SK-88395-A3 (SK)
Title: Textile reinforcement fabric for the manufacture of composite materials
Inventor: FOUREZON ANDRE
IPC: D04H13/00
Filed: 1995-07-10
Abstract: The textile fabric for use in a composite material, such as of a resin base such as polyester and others for use in moulds using pressure or injection or vacuum, has a layer (4) of synthetic fibres at least at one surface. The other layers (1-3) are stitched to the main layer (4) so that the layers (1-4) are all bonded together. Pref. The fibres of the fibre layer (4) are synthetic, significantly thinner than the other fibres in the composite fabric structure. The fibre layer (4) is a material with a weight of 50-150 g/m<2>, of polyester, with fibres of 1-7 dtex. <IMAGE>
Patent CH-682031G-A3 (CH)
Title: Labelling system for uniquely identifying watch movements - uses electronic data chip which stores identification data which may be read by radio transmitting circuit
IPC: G04B29/02
Filed: 1990-12-11
Abstract: Each object being manufactured in turn (M) is fitted with an identification element (1) which comprises a part (2) serving as an aerial, and a part (3) serving as a data support, both in miniature format. The object is placed in front of a reader (L) where a transmitter (E) sends out a radio frequency signal via an aerial (A). The signal is modulated as a function of the data held in the element (1), and the resulting two frequency modulation is read in a pickup circuit (C), and transferred to a display. USE/ADVANTAGE - The identification system allows watches and other goods to be protected against counterfeits.
Patent CH-648449G-A3 (CH)
Title: Watch movement including a calendar driven in synchronism with the hour hand, a time-correction mechanism and a time-setting mechanism
IPC: G04B27/00
Filed: 1981-09-07
Abstract: The kinematic link (16, 17, 18, 19, 20, 21) connecting the hour wheel (7) to the date indicator (22) can be actuated in both directions, as can the kinematic link (6, 24, 25, 26, 27, 30, 39, 38) for the hour correction connecting the winding stem (31) to the hour wheel (7). The driving of the date indicator (22) is such that the latter passes from one position to the next in less than one hour. The time correction is carried out in jumps of 1/12 of a revolution of the hour hand. The kinematic link (16, 17, 18, 19, 20, 21) connecting the hour wheel (7) to the date indicator (22) includes just three intermediate gears, one of which consists of a Maltese cross (20) carrying a pinion (21) engaging directly with the toothing of the date crown (22). <IMAGE>
Patent CZ-162492-A3 (CZ)
Title: Injection paste for producing impermeability and process for preparing thereof
Inventor: VATTEMENT HUBERT
IPC: E02D3/12
Filed: 1992-05-28
Abstract: An injection grout for sealing and/or consolidating soils or materials exhibiting a very low permeability, of the type consisting of the mixture of a powder based on slag in suspension in water and of a silica liquor. The silica liquor has an SiO2/Na2O molar ratio lower than 0.8 and a silica content of between approximately 0.01 and 5 % by weight. The invention also relates to a process for its manufacture.
Patent CZ-213492-A3 (CZ)
Inventor: AUER LUBOMIR ING
IPC: F03B5/00
Filed: 1992-07-09
Abstract: Obsahuje výstupní otvor (4) a alespoň jedno duté rameno
(2) se vstupním otvorem (3) ve směru tečny kružnice, jejíž
střed leží na ose rotace nádoby (1). Otočně uložená nádoba
(1), která se otáčí vstupním otvorem (3) v alespoň jednom
dutém rameně (2) směrem dopředu, se ponoří do tekutiny,
přičemž při průtoku tekutiny dutým ramenem (2) otáčející
se nádoby (1) směrem do obvodu ke středu nádoby (1)
vzniká energie, která je obsažena v tekutině při jejím výstupu
z nádoby (1)
Patent CZ-219792-A3 (CZ)
Inventor: KOZEL LUBOS
IPC: A47H3/08
Filed: 1992-07-14
Abstract: Závěsné zařízení pro zavěšování shrnovacích záclon a závěsů
sestává ze dvou konzol (1,1’) tvaru písmene U, v nichž
jsou příčně uložené otočné hřídelky (2,2’) průřezu šestihranu,
opatřené zápichy kolíky (4). Mezi hřídelkami (2,2’)
jsou pomocí koncových oček zavěšena ocelová lanka (6,6’)
tak, že očko (20) jednoho konce lanka (6,6’)je volně uloženo
v úzkém zápichu jedné z hřídelek (2,2’) druhý konec
lanka (6,6’) je zavěšen očkem na kolík (4) a navíjen v širokém
zápichu druhé z hřídelek (2,2’). Zpětný otáčivý pohyb
hřídelek (2,2’) je blokován pojistkami (3), navlečenými
svými šestihranými otvory na profily hřídelek (2,2’) a opírajícími
se o zadní stěny konzol (1,1’).
Patent CZ-241890-A3 (CZ)
Title: Lamellar heat-exchange apparatus
Inventor: EHRICH JINDRICH
IPC: F28F1/24
Filed: 1990-05-17
Abstract: A laminated heat exchanger for remote heating or cooling, composed of primary and secondary piping, with the primary piping (1) and secondary piping (3) connected together by metal fins (2).<IMAGE>
Patent CZ-340692-A3 (CZ)
Title: Drive for opening and closing discharge flaps of a self-discharging wagon saddle bottom
Inventor: KOHLER GUNTER DR
IPC: B61D7/24
Filed: 1992-11-17
Abstract: Gear system for opening and closing the lateral discharge door (1) of a hopper wagon, it being possible to actuate the discharge door (1) by means of connecting rods (6) via levers (5) from an actuation shaft (4) mounted approximately in the longitudinal centre of the wagon. The objective of the invention consisted in constructing the gear system in such a way that a secure fit of the discharge door (1) in the region of its lower longitudinal side is ensured using simple means. This objective is achieved in that at least one locking bar (15) is displaceably arranged in the saddle-bottom (3) for each discharge door (1), which locking bar (15) engages, in the closed position of the discharge door (1), around a closing hook (17) on the lower longitudinal side of the discharge door (1). The locking bar (15) can be acted on by the actuation shaft (4) via levers and slide rods (7 to 14). <IMAGE>
Patent CZ-404192-A3 (CZ)
Inventor: RYBA JINDRICH ING
IPC: B65G5/00
Filed: 1992-12-31
Abstract: Z deganazece hlubinných dolů Dcgazovaný plyn, který je
při normálním pracovním režimu odsáván z hlubinného
dolu a dodáván k odběrateli, není při přerušení odběru
plynu odfukován do atmosféry, aleje ukládán do podzemního
zásobníku. Ukládání je provedeno pomocí povrchové
nebo důlní degazační .stanice (1,12) přímo z jámového plynovodu
(2) nebo pres plynovou sondu (14) situovánu z povrchu
do podzemního zásobníku. Ten jc tvořen vyrubanými
prostorami (11), oddělenými od volných důlních děl výbuchovzdornými
uzávěrami (15) a vůči povrchu horninovým
pokryvem (10)
Patent CS-431289-A3 (CS)
Title: Heat-backed multilayer foil
Inventor: SCHINKE INGO DIPL ING
IPC: B32B27/08
Filed: 1989-07-14
Abstract: An improved, at least monoaxially oriented multilayer film which can be formed by laminating by way of heat has at least one base layer I, which consists substantially of polypropylene, as well as a layer II, which can be formed by laminating by way of supplying heat and has an ethylene-vinyl acetate copolymer A and an ethylene-ethyl acrylate copolymer B1 and/or an ethylene-acrylic acid copolymer B2.
Patent CZ-171498-A3 (CZ)
Title: Benzofuran carboxamides and sulfonamides
Inventor: DYKE HANZEL JOAN
IPC: A61K31/34
Filed: 1996-12-05
Abstract: Benzofuran carboxides and sulphonamides have therapeutic utility, e.g. in the treatment of inflammation and asthma, by virtue of their ability to inhibit phosphodiesterases and tumor necrosis factor.
Patent CZ-181393-A3 (CZ)
Inventor: ORSULIK PAVEL
IPC: B60R22/00
Filed: 1993-09-02
Abstract: Zařízení sestává z jednotky (10), tvořené komunikačním blokem (4), napojeným na blok (3) zjišťování defektu, přičemž blok (3) zjišťování defektu je ještč připojen na propojení mezi řídícím blokem (1) protiblokového brzdového systému ABS a blokem (2) snímání informace o otáčkách kol.
Patent CZ-243999-A3 (CZ)
Title: Boronising preparation
Inventor: BAUDIS ULRICH DR
IPC: C23C8/68
Filed: 1999-07-08
Abstract: A metal boriding agent, including a potassium fluoroborate activator containing calcium fluoride, is new. A metal boriding agent comprises, apart from a boron source and an inert refractory diluent, 1-5 wt. % potassium fluoroborate and 5-40 wt. % calcium fluoride as activator. An Independent claim is also included for production of single phase Fe2B-containing boride layers on ferrous metal workpieces by covering the workpiece surface with the above boriding agent and heat treating at 800-1100 degrees C. Preferred Features: The boriding agent comprises (by wt.) 3-5 (especially 4)% boron carbide, 2-4 (especially 2.5)% potassium fluoroborate, 10-30 (especially 25)% calcium fluoride and 61-85 (especially 68.5)% silicon carbide.
Patent CZ-256198-A3 (CZ)
Title: Therapeutic agent against diabetes mellitus
Inventor: SHINKAI HISASHI
IPC: C07C69/716
Filed: 1997-02-17
Abstract: A therapeutic agent for diabetes, which comprises a compound of the formula ÄIÜ <CHEM>  wherein   X   is a group of the formula   <CHEM> wherein R4 and R5 are the same or different and each is a hydrogen atom, an optionally substituted alkyl having 1 to 5 carbon atoms and the like, and R6 is a hydrogen atom or an amino-protecting group; R1 is an optionally substituted alkyl having 1 to 5 carbon atoms, an optionally substituted alkenyl having 2 to 6 carbon atoms and the like, R2 is a hydrogen atom, an optionally substituted alkyl having 1 to 5 carbon atoms and the like, R2' is a hydrogen atom, and R3 is an optionally substituted alkyl having 1 to 5 carbon atoms and the like, a prodrug thereof, a pharmaceutically acceptable salt thereof, a hydrate thereof and a solvate thereof. The compound of the present invention shows superior blood sugar decreasing action on the state of hyperglycemia, but does not affect the blood sugar when it is in the normal range or in the hypoglycemic state, which means that it is free of serious side effects such as hypoglycemia. Therefore, the compound of the present invention is useful as a therapeutic drug for diabetes and also useful as a preventive of the chronic complications of diabetes.
Patent CZ-266097-A3 (CZ)
Title: Novel crystal modification of diketopyrrolopyrrol pigment
Inventor: RUCH THOMAS DR
IPC: C09B67/48
Filed: 1997-08-20
Abstract: The  beta -modification of unsubstituted 1,4-di-keto-3,6-diphenyl-pyrroloÄ3,4-cÜpyrrole of formula (I), with the specified lines in its x-ray diffraction diagram, is new: The relative intensity at various values for the lattice spacing (d value in Angstrom ) / double reflection angle (2θ ) are 100% at 13.8817/6.362; 24% at 4.9411/17.938, 25% at 4.6743/18.971;21% at 4.5976/19.290; 11% at 4.4193/20.076; 35% at 3.3932/26.242; 33% at 3.3195/26.836; and 12% at 3.0419/29.337.
Patent CZ-287895-A3 (CZ)
Title: Machine for maintaining track overhead contact system
Inventor: THEURER JOSEF ING
IPC: B61D15/02
Filed: 1995-11-03
Abstract: The machine has a machine frame (5) mounted on a railway bogies (4) and deployable by a drive (8). A clamping device (10) has adjustable clamp jaws (23) for clamping the power line (11) or the carrying cable (12) of a power cable (2). The clamping device is connected to the machine frame via an adjustment device (9) which is adjustable in height and laterally by drive devices. A clamp drive (35) varies the distance between the clamp jaws and the adjustment device. The clamping device is connected to the adjustment device via universal linkage (27).
Patent CZ-291395-A3 (CZ)
Title: Compatible mixtures containing halogenated copolymers of isobutylene and para-methyl styrene, and carboxy modified elastomers
Inventor: ARJUNAN PALANISAMY
IPC: C08L21/00
Filed: 1994-05-05
Abstract: A compatibilized polymer blend composition is provided which comprises a uniform admixture of a halogenated copolymer of an isomonoolefin, such as polyisobutylene, and a para-alkylstyrene, such as para-methylstyrene blended with a carboxy-modified elastomer. Blends also containing an unmodified elastomer are provided wherein the carboxy-modified elastomer serves to compatibilize the unmodified elastomer and the halogenated copolymer.
Patent CZ-297199-A3 (CZ)
Inventor: JONES RICHARD E
IPC: A61K47/32
Filed: 1998-02-19
Abstract: Řešenímje prostředek pro léčení pacienta trpícího nemocí
rozmnožujících se buněk.Prostředek zahrnuje antiproliferační
činidla podávána v nevodném gelu, který obsahuje alespoň
jedno polární organické rozpouštědlo v kombinaci sjedním
nebo více zahušťovacími činidly, tyto prostředky zajišťují
zvýšení účinnosti pro regionální nebo lokální podávání
 antiproliferačních látek.
Patent CZ-311796-A3 (CZ)
Title: O-acyl-4-phenyl-cycloalkanols, their salts, medicament in which the compounds are comprised and their use, as well as process for preparing thereof
Inventor: WOITUN EBERHARD
IPC: A61K31/535
Filed: 1994-04-25
Abstract: O-acyl-4-phenyl-cyclohexanol derivs. of formula (I) and their enantiomers, diastereomers, and geometric isomers and their salts are new. n = 0-1; m = 1-2; p = 0-1; R1 and R2 each = H, 1-6C alkyl, 3-6C alkenyl, 3-6C alkynyl (opt. substd. but not on an unsatd. C and not on Cl); or NR1R2= a 5-7 membered satd. monocyclic heterocyclic ring, the 6 membered ring opt. having CH2 in position 4 replaced with O, S or alkyl-substd. imino; R3,R4 = H or 1-4C alkyl; R5 = H, 1-4C alkyl or 1-4C alkoxy; R6 = H or 1-4C alkyl; R7 = H, 3-7C cycloalkyl, Ph (opt. mono- or di-substd.), naphthyl, tetra-hydronaphthyl, thienyl, furyl or pyridyl (those last 3 gps. opt. mono-substd. for halogen or di-substd. by alkyl); A = a bond, 1-17C alkylene, 2-17C alkylene or 2-17C alkynylene; all alkyl and alkoxy gps., unless otherwise stated, contain 1-3 C atoms and halogen is F, Cl or Br.
Patent CZ-350797-A3 (CZ)
Title: Process for preparing products containing formic acid disalts
Inventor: HJORNEVIK LEIF
IPC: C07C53/06
Filed: 1996-05-10
Abstract: The present invention relates to a method for manufacture of products containing disalts of formic acid. Potassium hydroxide, carbonate, bicarbonate or formate, sodium hydroxide, carbonate, bicarbonate or formate, cesium hydroxide, carbonate, bicarbonate or formate or ammonium formate or ammonia is mixed with formic acid at 40-100  DEG C, the mixture is cooled and centrifuged. The filtrate containing acid salt is collected. The filter cake is transported to a drier/mixer where other disalts, calcium formate and/or a desiccant can be added.
Patent CZ-9904351-A3 (CZ)
Inventor: KUEMMERLING ROLF
IPC: B21B37/78
Filed: 1998-06-02
Abstract: Předložené řešení se týká způsobu a zařízení pro zjišťování
aktuálního skutečného stavu horké trubky, při kterém se
kontinuálně a bezdotykově měří tloušťka stěny, průměr,
teplota a rychlost u výběhu z kalibrovacího nebo
prodlužovacího válcovacího zařízení válcovny trub. Přitom
dále nedestruktivně zkouší vnější a vnitřní povrchy na
přítomnost vad, zejména trhlin a plen, a měření a zkoušky
tloušťky stěny, teploty a rychlosti, založené na různých
fyzikálních metodách, jsou shromážděny ve víceúčelovém
zkušebním a měřícím systému za horka, přičemž se využívá
společný systém vedení trubky a měřícím a zkušebním
systémům se společně dodávají data, popřípadě parametry
nezbytné pro měření a zkoušky.
Patent CZ-459890-A3 (CZ)
Title: Substance for administration to mammals with therapeutically effective amount of medicaments and/or therapeutical agent for therapy
Inventor: FALK RUDOLF EDGAR DR
IPC: A61K47/36
Filed: 1990-09-21
Abstract: New drug combinations or formulations comprise a drug and a hyaluronic acid cpd. (I) selected from hyaluronic acid and its salts, homologues, analogues, derivs., complexes, esters, fragments and subunits.
Patent ES-157052-A3 (ES)
Title: UN ACCIONAMIENTO AUTOMáTICO, APLICABLE A LOS ELEMENTOS DE SUSTENTACIoN DE BANDEJAS DE SERVICIO Y MUEBLES PORTáTILES
Filed: 1942-07-28
Abstract: Un accionamiento automático aplicable a los elementos de sustentación de bandejas de servicio y muebles portátiles esencialmente caracterizado porque una palanca de empuje provista de cruceta en un extremo lleva una articulación central en unas patillas que posee una pieza de mando estando el otro extremo de la palanca articulado en un fleje de acero y el extremo de la cruceta o muleta encajado en una pieza especial de apoyo que se sujeta al elemento de sustentación yendo el muelle o fleje sujeto por su extremo libre a un saliente situado en la parte central del reverso de la bandeja o mueble.
Patent ES-8507698-A3 (ES)
Title: A pulse forming circuit
IPC: H03K3/335
Filed: 1984-07-23
Abstract: A pulse circuit forms part of a radar transmitter in which a pulse forming network is used to generate a high current pulse at relatively low voltage and to feed it via a transformer to a magnetron which operates at typically 30 kV. A number of pulse forming networks are connected in parallel and are discharged by respective thyristors. The outputs of the pulse forming networks are combined so as to provide a low voltage pulse (of the order of 600 volts) having sufficient power to drive a radar transmitter.
Patent SK-131199-A3 (SK)
Title: Thermal dye diffusion coating and substrate
Inventor: KRONZER FRANCIS JOSEPH
IPC: B41M5/382
Filed: 1998-03-13
Abstract: A coating suitable for receiving an image by dye diffusion printing which includes a thermoplastic polymer having a glass transition temperature of at least about 30  DEG C and a powdered plasticizer having a melting point of at least about 80  DEG C. The thermoplastic polymer may have a glass transition temperature of at least about 40  DEG C. For example, the thermoplastic polymer may be a vinyl chloride-acrylate copolymer. The plasticizer may be an aromatic carboxylic acid ester, such as cyclohexane dimethanol dibenzoate. The average particle size of the powdered plasticizer may be no greater than about 20 micrometers. The weight ratio of the thermoplastic polymer to the plasticizer typically is in a range of from about 80:20 to about 40:60. Finally, the coating includes a release agent. The release agent may be present in a range of from about 0.5 to about 10 percent by weight, based on the weight of dry coating. The present invention also provides a coated substrate suitable for receiving an image by dye diffusion printing and a coating composition which is an aqueous dispersion of a thermoplastic polymer having a glass transition temperature of at least about 30  DEG C, a powdered plasticizer having a melting point of at least about 80  DEG C, and a release agent.
Patent SK-772008-A3 (SK)
Inventor: TOCEK JOZEF
IPC: A01K51/00
Filed: 2008-11-26
Abstract: Vyvíjač pary ako nosič liečiva proti klieštikovitosti včiel
pozostáva z plastovej striekačky, cez ktorú je do medenej
rúrky stočenej do špirály vstreknutá voda s pridaným liečivom,
ktorá je ohrievaná turistickým varičom, pričom vznikajúca
para je ochladzovaná rúrkovým špirálovým chladičom
a cez koncovú dýzu je para s liečivom vyfúknutá na
chumáč včiel, na ktorých usmrtí parazitujúce klieštiky.
Patent BE-1004066-A3 (BE)
Title: Inrichting voor het bevestigen van een element in een freem.
IPC: D03J1/00
Filed: 1990-12-17
Granted: 1992-09-15
Abstract: Inrichting voor het bevestigen van een element in een freem, daardoor gekenmerkt dat zij hoofdzakelijk bestaat uit een zitting (7), een toevoerban (12) via dewelke het te bevestigen element (3) tot in de zitting (7) kan worden gebracht; en een wentelbaar element (8) dat twee uiteinden (9,13) vertoont, waarbij in een eerste stand het eerste uiteinde (9), dat bedoeld is met het in de sitting (7) te bevestigen element (3) samen te werken, zich in de toevoerbaan (12) bevindt en waarbij in een tweede stand het eerste uiteinde (9) zich buiten de toevoerbaan (12) en het tweede uiteinde (13) zich in de toevoerbaan (12) bevindt.
Patent BE-1006356-A3 (BE)
Title: Bimetal working cylinder for hot rolling of steel strips
Inventor: BREYER JEAN-PIERRE
IPC: B32B15/01
Filed: 1991-12-19
Granted: 1994-08-02
Abstract: Bimetal working cylinder for the finishing stands of a hot strip rail,which comprises a spheroidal graphite cast iron core surrounded by a steelcasing having the following composition by weight: carbon: 1-3%, preferably1.2-2.4%; silicon: max. 2%, preferably 0.5-1.5%; nickel: max. 3%, preferably0.5-2.0%; manganese: max. 3%, preferably 0.5-2.0%; chromium: 4-15%,preferably 5-12%; molybdenum: max. 10%, the remainder being composed of ironand inevitable impurities. Said casing may also contain not more than 15%,5% V and 10% Nb. The heat treatment comprises heating to 900-1150 degrees C,tempering at 450 degrees C at least and at least one annealing at 450-650degrees C.
Patent BE-1006969-A3 (BE)
Title: Dessous-de-verre chimiluminescent.
IPC: F21K2/06
Filed: 1993-04-16
Granted: 1995-02-07
Abstract: Dessous-de-verre luminescent consistant en un dessous-de-verre auquel on a associé une charge lumineuse sous forme d'une enveloppe contenant des réactifs induisant la chimiluminescence. Diverses sources de lumière chimiluminescente conçues pour l'invention sont décrites dans le mémoire. Le dessous-de-verre luminescent à usage unique peut utiliser des sources lumineuses dont la réaction est provoquée par un mode extemporané au moment de l'usage mais également des sources où les réactifs déjà mélangés sont conservés à -40C., ce qui bloque leur réaction de chimiluminescence. Ces dessous-de-verre peuvent être fixés au-dessous du gobelet ou du verre à boire par un système adhésif ou d'aimantation. Les dessous-de-verre à utilisation répétée utilisent de préférence des sources chimilunescentes de mode extemporané spécialement adaptées à ces modèles. Les avantages de l'utilisation publicitaire des dessous-de-verre chimiluminescents est spécialement mise en exergue.
Patent BE-1007605-A3 (BE)
Title: Dispositif d'etancheification de palier pour des axes.
Inventor: RECHENBERG WINFRIED
IPC: F16J15/44
Filed: 1993-11-04
Granted: 1995-08-22
Abstract: La présente invention concerne un dispositif d'étanchéification de palier à glissement graissé pour un arbre, comportant une bague d'étéanchéité entourant l'axe qui est guidée en glissant, avec un jeu radial, dans une gorge annulaire agencée dans un logement de palier. Selon l'invention, la bague d'étanchéité (6) est agencée sur l'axe (1) par un ajustement serré, et la gorge annulaire (10) est formée d'un évidement (8) annulaire et ouvert d'un côté dans la direction longitudinale de l'axe (1), et d'une bague de maintien (7), montée dans l'évidement (8), pour la bague d'étanchéité (6).
Patent BE-1008319-A3 (BE)
IPC: C08J7/18
Filed: 1994-04-19
Granted: 1996-04-02
Abstract: An article, esp. a film, printed with an ink intended for printing of PVC, has at least a surface region comprising at least one polyolefin that has been treated with oxygen and fluorine and is characterised by the presence in the surface of F and O in concns. such that the atomic ratio O/C measured by ESCA spectroscopy (Electron Spectroscopy for Chemical Analysis) measured at a depth of 1.5 nm is at least 0.00 and the atomic ratio F/C measured in the same way is at least 90% and at most 290% of the O/C ratio.