baber/WOPTO huggingface dataset:
Patent GB-855696-A (GB)
Title: Improvements in the preparation of 1-chloro-3-methylbutene-2
IPC: C07C21/04
Filed: 1958-12-03
Abstract: 1-Chloro-3-methyl-butene-2 is obtained by forming a mixture of isoprene and aqueous hydrochloric acid, homogenizing the mixture, subsequently allowing the mixture to separate into two layers, and then separating the organic layer containing 1-chloro-3-methyl-butene-2.  The formation of the mixture is usually carried out over a period of 1 to 2 hours and the homogenization is generally effected by stirring, e.g. for 1 to 4 hours.  An inert dispersing agent may be added to assist in the homogenization. Preferred temperatures for the formation of the mixture and the homogenization are 0 to 40 DEG C. and more preferably from 10 to 15 DEG C.  It is preferred to use concentrated hydrochloric acid and preferably 2 to 3 moles of the concentrated acid are used for each mole of isoprene.  The organic layer can be fractionally distilled to yield the pure product.  A small amount of 3-chloro-3-methyl-butene-1 is also formed as by-product.  An example is given.  The crude or purified product can be condensed with sodium ethylacetoacetate to form isopentenylacetoacetic ethyl ester which can be saponified by bases and decarboxylated to methylheptenone (CH3)2 C=CHCH2 CH2 CO CH3).  The latter product can also be obtained by condensing the crude or pure 1-chloro-3-methylbutene-2 product with acetone in the presence of an alkaline condensing agent, e.g. sodium hydroxide, potassium hydroxide, sodium amide or sodium alkoxide.
Patent GB-1242967-A (GB)
Title: Temperature-compensated pressure transducer
Inventor: BUCALO LOUIS
IPC: H01H35/28
Filed: 1969-08-05
Abstract: 1,242,967. Fluid pressure actuation of switches. CAPVEST VENTURE CORP. 5 Aug., 1969, No. 39119/69. Heading H1N. A pressure-sensitive temperature-compensated switch assembly 10 includes a switch 21 in a closed volume 22 adapted to retain a reference pressure, the sensed pressure P acting on a flexible diaphragm 18 to actuate the switch 21, and a temperature compensating assembly 23 changing the reference volume with ambient temperature change to keep the reference pressure constant. Assembly 23 comprises two movable members of different effective working area such as the end sections 24a, 25a of bellows sections 24, 25, the ends 24a, 25a being coupled by a tie rod 27 to move as one when their common liquid-filled volume 28 expands or contracts with temperature rise or fall, the reference volume 22 thus being enlarged as a function of increasing temperature as bellows 24 contracts and bellows 25 expands. Analogous assemblies using a differential piston assembly, Fig. 2 (not shown), or two diaphragms, or a diaphragm and bellows assembly, Fig. 3 (not shown), are described. Volume adjusting screws 22b and 29b are provided for adjusting the reference volume 22 and a back-up volume 29 respectively. The volume 29 can be vented, and a spring 'inserted between the end 25a of bellows 25 and the base 12 of the housing 11 to provide biasing for the bellows 25. Switch 21 is a snap switch or an ordinary retractive switch.
Patent GB-1191414-A (GB)
Title: Endoscopic Supply Unit.
Inventor: BLACKETT JOHN HAROLD
IPC: H03K3/282
Filed: 1968-03-05
Abstract: 1,191,414. Supply systems for endoscopic apparatus. MATBURN (HOLDINGS) Ltd. 28 Feb., 1969 [5 March, 1968; 16 Aug., 1968], Nos. 10558/68 and 39315/68. Heading H2H. A supply system for an endoscopic apparatus includes means whereby the light unit of the endoscope is fed with current at a frequency greater than 15 K.Hz. An endoscope 1 is provided with a light unit 2 at one end, the light being supplied from an A.C. source LN by way of a transformer-rectifier combination, a transistor oscillator, the output frequency of which is greater than 15 K.Hz, and a step down transformer T2. A indicating lamp PL1 is provided and the supply current may be adjusted by a variable resistor RV1. In a second embodiment the source of electricity is a battery.
Patent GB-1202226-A (GB)
Title: Improvements in yarn texturing
Inventor: LOVELAND CHESTER LEE
IPC: D02G1/16
Filed: 1967-08-29
Abstract: 1,202,226. Texturizing yarns. U.S. TEXTILE MACHINE CO. 29 Aug., 1967, No. 39348/67. Heading D1F. A fluid nozzle for texturing yarn comprises a yarn entry needle 3 projecting into a chamber 2 and a fluid entry duct 27 the axis of which is offset from the axis of chamber 2. The duct is eccentrically disposed in nipple 26. The needle has external shoulders 3a and 10a. The fluid and yarn outlet comprises bores 12 and 18 which may taper outwardly and an expansion chamber 19.
Patent GB-1522249-A (GB)
Title: Relay switches
IPC: H01H51/28
Filed: 1976-09-23
Abstract: 1522249 Coaxial switches SIEMENS AG 23 Sept 1976 [30 Sept 1975] 39417/76 Heading H1N In a 1-in-n relay for selectively connecting electrically one of n coaxial output lines 5 to a coaxial input line 2 and comprising n reed contact units 4 connected in star between a common junction point P and respective coaxial output lines, the reed contact units are disposed in respective electrically conductive, non-magnetic feeder tubes 3 whose internal contours are flared to produce matching inductances between the junction point P and the coaxial output lines 5, there being a further flared feeder tube 1 between the input line 2 and the point P to produce a further matching inductance, these inductances compensating the capacitance of the relay. The flared sections of the feeder tubes may be flared exponentially. Each reed contact unit 4 is connected through a metal bead connector 8 to the internal conductor of its respective coaxial output line 5 to provide a matched connection. Where the coaxial output lines are required to run mutually parallel, a right angle bend connection unit, Fig. 5, not shown, is connected between each reed contact unit and its respective coaxial output line.
Patent GB-1065037-A (GB)
Title: A cold chamber pressure die casting machine
IPC: B22D39/00
Filed: 1965-09-17
Abstract: 1,065,037. Pressure casting machines. GEBRUDER BUHLER. Sept. 17, 1965 [Sept. 23, 1964], No. 39794/65. Heading B3F. In a cold chamber pressure die casting machine having an associated melting crucible from which the molten metal to be cast is delivered to the slot well (21), Fig. 1 (not shown), means are provided to prevent melt residues being deposited on the piston and cylinder walls of the injection pump mounted above the melt crucible. The pump body (13) is mounted on the cover (6) of the crucible (2) or may be formed integral therewith and has a cylinder (14) and a co-operating piston (23). The cylinder is counterbored at its uppermost portion (58) to a larger diameter than the piston so that when the latter is fully retracted any melt residues withdrawn with the piston collect in the counterbored portion and subsequently drain back to the melt through a port (53) in the cylinder wall. In addition the pump unit is enclosed by a partition or screen (11) which is provided with holes (12) so as to strain the molten metal to prevent slag and other material entering the pump unit. An alternative form of screen for the molten metal is indicated in Fig. 2 (not shown). In other embodiments (Figs. 3 and 4, not shown) the pump body is provided with small apertures (57) to effect straining of the molten metal prior to its entering the pump. The partition in Fig. 3 is in the form of a shroud integral with the pump and having clearance with the crucible bottom. In Fig. 4 the partition is straight and divides the crucible into two parts. Means are provided for supplying protective gas to the melt in the region of the pump unit and thermally insulating cap is provided to cover that part of the pump above crucible cover. In alternative embodiments, not shown, separate interconnected crucibles may be used.
Patent GB-1224016-A (GB)
Title: Improvements in necktie holder
IPC: A44B6/00
Filed: 1968-08-21
Abstract: 1,224,016. Necktie retainers. AMERICAN VELCRO Inc. 21 Aug., 1968 [23 Aug., 1967], No. 39927/68. Headings A3H and A3V. A necktie holder comprises a device 14, attachable to the front of a shirt and the narrow portion 13 of a tie, having on its forward surface hooking elements for engaging complementary elements on means 21 attachable to the rear side of the wide portion 12 of the necktie. Device 14 is a spring clip made of metal or resilient plastic and has raised hooks or loops of superpolyamide. Means 21 comprises a fabric tape secured to the tie by stitching or releasable adhesive and having complementary loops or hooks.
Patent GB-1186803-A (GB)
Title: Anti-Bending Device on Plugs, Socket Couplings and the Like
IPC: H01R13/56
Filed: 1968-08-21
Abstract: 1,186,803. Two-part couplings. KABEL. UND METALLWERKE GUTEHOFFNUNGSHœTTE A.G. 21 Aug., 1968 [22 Aug.,..1967], No. 39930/68. Heading H2E. To protect a lead entering a plug, socket or the like from sharp bends, the thermoplastic grip-piece of the plug &c. is slotted, at the lead end at least, transversely to its longitudinal axis, so that it approaches the flexibility of the lead and can bend to a certain minimum radius of curvature determined by the dimensions of the slots &c. In one embodiment, Fig. 3, the slots 5 are of such a depth that a thin layer 8 covers the lead 3; in another, Fig. 1 (not shown) the slots (5) extend through the grip-piece and are bridged by webs (6) of dimensions such that they can bend in one plane.
Patent GB-925766-A (GB)
Title: Thin magnetizable film
IPC: H01F10/10
Filed: 1961-11-08
Abstract: 925,766. Magnetic structures ; magnetic core storage devices. NATIONAL CASH REGISTER CO. Nov. 8, 1961 [Dec. 21, 1960], No. 39931/61. Class 38 (2). [Also in Group XXXVI] A magnetic thin film exhibiting a square hysteresis loop and suitable for a bi-stable magnetic storage element comprises two superimposed nickel-iron alloy layers, one containing 30-90% nickel and the other containing 1- 7% nickel so that the combination exhibits a low coercivity and a fast switching speed. The thickness of the " high nickel " layer is between 500  and 4000 , and that of the " low nickel " layer between 3000  and 5000 . The bi-stable element is formed by electrodeposition of the alloy layers on a copperberyllium alloy rod of thickness 0.12-1.3 mm. or alternatively on a silvered glass rod. Details of the plating baths are specified. An axial magnetic field may be applied during plating. In manufacture the rod is cleaned, etched with concentrated HNO 3 , rinsed, plated with the first layer, rinsed, and immediately plated with the second layer. . It is then washed, dried with acetone and given a protective coating which may be a urethane resin. If a silvered glass rod is used this is prepared by cleaning the glass rod, sensitizing it with stannous chloride, and spraying on a silvering solution and a silver-reducing solution repeatedly until sufficient silver is deposited. Specifications 885,755 and 891,927 are referred to.
Patent GB-847343-A (GB)
Title: Improvements in the stabilisation of epoxidised fatty acid ester plasticisers
IPC: C08K5/1515
Filed: 1958-12-12
Abstract: Epoxy-containing fatty acid esters, prepared by epoxidation of an ester of an unsaturated fatty acid containing 12 to 22 carbon atoms with an aliphatic peracid formed in situ from hydrogen peroxide, an aliphatic acid and sulphuric acid, are stabilized by heating in the substantial absence of water and in the presence of a solid particulate hydroxide of sodium, potassium, calcium or barium.  The treatment normally comprises mixing the ester with 1-5% by weight of the alkali and heating the mixture for 1/2 to 2 hours at a temperature of 30 DEG  to 100 DEG  C.  The treatment is preferably carried out with agitation, and if desired in the presence of a liquid which is either a solvent or diluent for the ester but which is not a solvent for the alkali, e.g. aliphatic and cyclic hydrocarbons and water insoluble oxygenated and halogenated derivatives thereof.  Typical unsaturated fatty acids useful in preparing the esters are myristoleic, palmitoleic, oleic, linoleic, elaeostearic, licanic, ricinoleic, erucic, parinaric, arachidonic and clupadonic acids.  The epoxidation of the esters may be carried out as described in Specification 739,609.  Examples describe the preparation of butyl epoxystearate, epoxy soybean oil and the hexyl ester of epoxidized tall oil fatty acids and the stabilization thereof.
Patent GB-1315565-A (GB)
Title: Centrifugal development apparatus
IPC: G03G15/08
Filed: 1970-08-21
Abstract: 1315565 Developing apparatus XEROX CORP 21 Aug 1970 [29 Aug 1969] 40432/70 Heading G2H Toner on a support 14 is picked up by the centrifugal force of a rotating conical housing 11 or a rotating system of tubes 50 and speed over on image bearing element 1 by a disc 30 or 54. The disc may act as a development electrode and to increase toner agitation may be roughened or may carry magnets (42), Fig. 5 (not shown). Alternatively stationary magnets (41), Fig.4 (not shown), may be positioned beneath the disc.
Patent GB-1046348-A (GB)
Title: New derivatives of glycyrrhetinic acid
Inventor: TURNER JOHN CAMERON
IPC: C07C271/06
Filed: 1964-10-05
Abstract: Novel glycyrrhetinic acid derivatives of the general formula <FORM:1046348/C2/1> wherein R and R1 are C1- 6 alkyl groups which may be substituted by halogen atoms (e.g. 2- chloroethyl groups), are made by reacting glycyrrhetinic acid, in an inert anhydrous medium, in the presence of an acid-binding agent, with a carbamoyl chloride of the general formula RR1N.CO.Cl.  Carbamoyl chlorides of the formula RR1N.CO.Cl e.g. di-(2-chloroethyl)-carbamoyl chloride are made by treating the appropriate amine (liberated from its hydrochloride) with phosgene.
Patent GB-1069083-A (GB)
Title: Process for removing co from gases
Inventor: NEWLING WILLIAM BARRY SAVILE
IPC: C01B3/52
Filed: 1962-10-25
Abstract: Carbon dioxide is separated from gas mixtures by absorbing in aqueous solutions of ammonia of 2M-8M strength which contain a catalyst for effecting the hydrolysis of ammonium carbamate, and decarbonating until the molar ratio of carbon dioxide to ammonia is between 0.4 and 0.6, the decarbonation being carried out so that less water than carbon dioxide on a weight basis is present in the gases and vapours removed from the solution, and whereby the gases being treated are decarbonated to a carbon dioxide concentration of not less than 0.02 atmospheres partial pressure of carbon dioxide.  The catalyst may be an arsenite, borate, selenite, sulphite, arsenious oxide, zinc tetraamine, organic hydroxyl compounds or compounds having end forms or hydrated forms that are effectively hydroxyl compounds. The decarbonation may be effected by flashing the solution by subjecting it to a pressure drop of at least 2 atmospheres.
Patent GB-1403679-A (GB)
Title: Composite structures
IPC: F16L59/00
Filed: 1973-08-30
Abstract: 1403679 Coated products TORAY INDUSTRIES INC 30 Aug 1973 [7 Sept 1972] 40764/73 Heading B2E A composite structure comprises a metal sheet having a thickness of from 0.05 to 5 mm and a linear thermal expansion coefficient of from 5 to 20 Î 10<SP>-6</SP>C<SP>-1</SP>, and a layer of foamed alkali metal silicate adhering to the surface of the sheet. Preferably one or more edges of the film sheet are provided with flanges. The structures are obtained by applying alkali metal silicate having a water content of 20 to 170% of its dry weight to the metal sheet and heating the combination to form the alkali metal silicate. The metal sheet may be coated with an alkali metal silicate prior to applying the remainder of the alkali metal silicate which is to be foamed. The preferred alkali silicate is sodium silicate. A siliceous powder may be dispersed in the alkali metal silicate, the siliceous powder may be silicic acid, diatomaceous earth, amorphous naturally occurring silica, or white carbon. Boron oxide, boric acid, phosphorous acid, phosphoric acid, aluminium oxide or hydroxide and calcium oxide or hydroxide may also be present. Materials other than the soluble alkali metal silicate are, preferably not present in excess of 30% by weight of the total solids content. The metal sheet may be of iron, steel, copper or alloys of these, as well as zinc coated steel, aluminised steel and tin-plated steel. Preferably a metal sheet having the properties specified is provided on both surfaces of the layer of foamed alkali metal silicate. The metal sheet may be solid but may also be provided with small apertures.
Patent GB-1453774-A (GB)
IPC: C11D1/14
Filed: 1974-09-19
Abstract: 1453774 Surfactants INSTYTUT CIEZKIEJ SYNTEZY ORGANIEZNEJ BLACHOWNIA 19 Sept 1974 [28 Sept 1973] 40790/74 Beading C3R [Also in Divisions C2 and C5] Surface-active agents are obtained by sulphonating an alkylbenzene to produce an alkylbenzene sulphonic acid, and reacting gaseous SO 3  with an unsaturated fatty alcohol, an oxyethylated unsaturated fatty alcohol or a mixture thereof, in the presence of the alkylbenzene sulphonic acid and an organic compound containing nitrogen, e.g. urea. The two sulphonation processes may be effected, at least in part, simultaneously. The reactions may be effected continuously, e.g. in a cascade of reactors, with alkylbenzene fed at the beginning of the cascade and the unsaturated alcohol to a later reactor.
Patent GB-1187587-A (GB)
Title: Improvements in or relating to the Securing of a Press Tool in a Press
Inventor: HEMINGWAY TREVOR
IPC: B21J13/03
Filed: 1966-09-13
Abstract: 1,187,587. Press tools. DAVY & UNITED ENG. CO. Ltd. 8 Sept., 1967 [13 Sept., 1966], No. 40888/66. Heading B3H. A press tool 31 is clamped to the upper crosshead 12 of a press by a rod 15 which in its clamping position extends below the surface 18 of the crosshead but may be retracted into an inoperative position within the crosshead. The rod is connected to the tool by a withdrawable cotter 33. Rod 15 is supported within an inner cylinder 14 and biased upwardly by a stack of disc springs 24. The inner cylinder has a flange 28 which functions as a piston in an outer cylinder 13. Pressure fluid is admitted to space 27 above the piston to lower the rod 15 and permit withdrawal of the cotter prior to changing the tool 31. The rod 15 and tool 31 may be rotated by an hydraulic motor 23. In another embodiment, Fig. 2 (not shown) the tool is in two parts clamped together by a further cotter.
Patent GB-965620-A (GB)
Title: Coloured hair lacquers and hair setting compositions
Inventor: HAHN ERWIN
IPC: C08F2/44
Filed: 1962-10-30
Abstract: Coloured hair lacquers or hair setting compositions containing a coloured macromolecular substance, are formed by chemically combining a dye with the macromolecular substance or by copolymerizing the dye with a colourless monomer. The dye may be combined with the polymer through the reactive groups by means of a condensation reaction. Suitable polymers are the copolymers of acrylamide or methacrylamide with acrylic acid esters, methacrylic acid esters, vinyl esters, vinyl lactams and if desired small amounts of unsaturated carboxylic acids.  Dyes suitable for this purpose are those of the azo or anthraquinone series containing N-methylol groups as reactive groups. Dyes which can be used for copolymerization are those of the azo or anthraquinone series containing in the molecule a polymerizable olefinically unsaturated group outside the chromophoric system. Suitable monomers for copolymerizing with these dyes are acrylamide, methacrylamide, a low molecular weight acrylic esters or methacrylic ester, vinylacetate, vinyl-propionate and/or a vinyl-lactam. Specification 877,402 is referred to.ALSO:Coloured hair or hair setting compositions containing a coloured macromolecular substance are formed by chemically combining a dye with the macromolecular substance or by copolymerizing the dye with a colourless monomer. The dye may be combined with the polymer through the reactive groups by means of a condensation reactive. suitable dyes are those of the azo or anthraquinone series containing N-methylol groups e.g. the coupling product of diazotized N-(p-aminophenyl)-glyoxal-diureine and 1-(p-sulfophenyl)-3-methyl pyrazoline-(5) which has been reacted with formaldehyde, the coupling product of diazotized N-(p-amino phenyl)-glyoxal-diureine and N-acetyl aminonaphthol-(1-3, 6, disulfonic acid which has been reacted with formaldehyde; the coupling product of diazotized N-p-amino phenyl urea and 4-tertiary-butyl phenol which has been reacted with formaldehyde; and 4-azophenyl acetoacetic acid anilide. Suitable dyes for copolymerization are anilide.  Suitable dyes for copolymerization are those of the azo or anthraquinone series containing in the molecule a polymerizable olefinically unsaturated group outside the chromophoric system e.g. the coupling products of 1-amino-3-acryloyl aminobenzene with 1-[N-(2-hydroxyethyl)-N-(2-cyanoethyl)-amino]-3-methylbenzene, of 1-amino-4-acryloyl aminobenzene with 1-hydroxynaphthalene-4-sulfonic acid, or 2, 4-dichloroaniline with N-ethyl-N-b -vinyl oxyethylaniline, of p-aminostyrene with 1-hydroxynaphthalene-4-sulfonic acid and 1-amino 2-acetyl-4-acryloyl-aminoanthraquinone.  Specification 877,402 is referred to.
Patent GB-1513495-A (GB)
Title: Endotracheal tubes
IPC: A61M16/04
Filed: 1976-10-04
Abstract: 1513495 Endotracheal tube MALLINCKRODT INC 4 Oct 1976 41030/76 Heading A5R A curved endotracheal tube, optionally provided with a balloon cuff 12, comprises a pull cord 40 extending longitudinally within a lumen 42 in the tube wall along the inside of the curve. The distal end of the cord is secured to the tube whilst the proximal end is provided with a grip such as a ring 54. Pulling on the cord causes the tube to curve to a greater extent. The distal end of an inflation lumen is closed with an X-ray opaque rod and the tube wall has two perforations leading into the cuff from the inflation lumen. The tube may be used for nasal or oral intubation.