Patent GB-439236-A (GB)
Title: Light modulating device
IPC: H04N3/10
Filed: 1934-03-03
Abstract: 439,236. Electro-optical light-valves. SCOPHONY, Ltd., 2, Dean Street, Soho, London, and JEFFREE, J. H., 6, Monkey Island Lane, Bray-on-Thames. March 3, 1934, No. 6821. [Class 40 (iii)] A light-valve comprises a medium traversed by high frequency mechanical waves, so that the medium acts as a diffraction grating upon reflected or transmitted light. The intensity of the central beam or of the various spectra is dependent upon the amplitude of the mechanical waves. Preferably, the central beam is utilized as the controlled beam. The medium may be a solid, a liquid or a gas for transmitted light or mercury or a membrane for reflected light, Figs. 4 and 7 (not shown). The mechanical waves may be generated by a piezo-electric crystal 4, Fig. 2, by the olectrostatic attraction of a wire 23 carrying current, Fig. 5, by a tuning fork, a magnetostrictive vibrator, or electrolytic means. Light from a source 6, Fig. 2, passes through the medium 2 in a direction transverse to that of the propagation of the mechanical waves. The mechanical waves may be reflectad from the walls of the container to produce zones of enhanced effect and by suitably shaping the container, Fig. 9, zones 37 corresponding to different wave frequencies may be produced. Similar zones may be produced by barriers within the medium, Fig. 10 (not shown) ; and by applying the waves to a wedge shaped block before traversing the medium, Fig. 14, (not shown). The mechanical waves, when of different frequencies, may impinge on a stepped boundary 50, Fig. 13, to produce a difference in the direction of the different frequency waves, and by use of a reflecting surface 54, zones 56, 56<1> may be formed, each zone corresponding to a different frequency. Alternatively, the same result may be produced by a fine wire grating in the medium together with a lens, Fig. 12 (not shown). To correct for damping of the waves, the angle of incidence of the light may be made to vary across the medium, Figs. 15, 16 (not shown). As applied to television, a line of light passes through the light valve 13, Fig. 17, and is reflected from a mirror drum 43 onto the screen 44. The mechanical waves move with a finite velocity and with the drum stationary, a line of light 45 will be produced in which the modulations will travel along the line in the direction 47 with a velocity dependent on the velocity of the mechanical waves in the medium. The drum is rotated so that the line as a whole moves with the same velocity in the opposite direction 46, so that all points in the line appear stationary and are simultaneously produced. The same principle may be employed in sound recording, Fig. 20 (not shown). In an alternative application to television, the picture 76, Fig. 19, is traversed over the light valve 78 by a mirror drum 79. The light valve 78 is of the type shown in Fig. 9 and zones h1, h2, h3... are formed each corresponding to a different frequency. A cell 80 collects all the transmitted light and controls the transmitter 82. At the receiver, the signals are fed to the wave producing means of the light valve 72, Fig. 18, which produces zones b1, b2, b3 ... corresponding to the zones h1, h2, h3 ... Fig. 19 and a mirror drum 69 traverses the light raflected by the light valve 72 from a source 6 onto a screen 71 to reconstitute the image.