Patent GB-419293-A (GB)
Title: Manufacture of resinous products
IPC: C08G63/685
Filed: 1933-05-03
Abstract: Resinous products prepared by heating a protein with a polyhydric alcohol in the presence or absence of a mineral acid or alkaline catalyst and if desired in the presence of a polybasic acid or anhydride thereof with or without the addition of modifying substances such as monobasic acids or their glycerides with the addition of solvents, driers, pigments, antioxidants, plasticizers or cellulose derivatives may be used as lacquers, enamels, varnishes, impregnating and waterproofing-agents.ALSO:Resinous products are obtained by heating a protein with a polyhydric alcohol in the presence or absence of mineral acid or alkaline catalyst and if desired in the presence of a polybasic acid or its anhydride with or without modifying substances such as monobasic acids or their glycerides.  Suitable proteins include casein, gelatin, egg albumin, protamines, polypeptides, dipeptides, globulin, gluten proteins, acid albumins or syntonins, albuminates, fibrins, peptones, propeptones or albumoses, coagulated albumins, elastin, fibroin and primary degradation products.  Suitable polyhydric alcohols include glycerol, diethylene glycol and its homologues, octadecandiol, diethylene glycol, polyglycerols, triethanolamine, sorbitol, polyglycol and alkyl and aryl ethers of polyhydric alcohols having at least two hydroxy groups such as monobenzyl ether of glycerol or the diethyl ether of pentaerythrite.  Suitable catalysts include mineral acids such as hydrochloric, sulphuric and phosphoric acids, caustic potash or soda, lime, alkali and alkali earth alcoholates, glycerates and glycollides.  Polybasic acids include phthalic, succinic, adipic, tartaric, maleic, citric, dilactylic, diphenic, naphthalic, hexahydrophthalic, quinolinic and chlorophthalic acids or anhydrides thereof.  Monobasic acids include butyric, benzoic, salicylic, oleic, stearic and abietic acids and the fatty acids derived from perilla oil, soya bean oil, cotton seed oil and cocoanut oil.  Other modifying agents include fatty oils, fatty oil mono- or di-glycerides which may be obtained by heating the oil and glycerol, or other polyhydric alcohol in the presence of an alcoholysis catalyst such as litharge or sodium hydroxide, natural resins such as rosin, congo and kauri, semi-synthetic resins such as ester gum, ethyl lactate and monohydric alcohols such as n-butyl, benzyl, cyclobenzyl, ethoxyethyl and ethoxyethoxyethyl alcohol.  The products alone or in combination with solvents, driers, pigments, fillers, antioxidants, plasticizers and cellulose derivatives such as nitrocellulose cellulose acetate and ethyl or benzyl cellulose may be used as lacquers, enamels, or varnishes, sandwich material in the manufacture of safety glass, insulating materials, laminated products, moulding materials, impregnating, toughening or waterproofing agents for porous materials such as textiles, paper, porous store or wood pulp for coating rubber coated, oil varnished coated fabric such as paper or cloth and for coating, laminating and cementing paper, cloth, felt, cellophane, wood, resinous materials, metal and metal foil.  In examples (1) casein is heated with glycerol in the presence of sodium hydroxide to yield a product which may be pressed between two sheets of glass to yield a laminated product; (2) gelatine is heated with glycerol and phthalic anhydride and the resinous product may be used as a sandwiching material for glass or, when dissolved in a solvent, used as an adhesive or impregnating agent; (3) glycerol, casein and sodium hydroxide are heated and the product heated with linseed oil acids, chinawood oil acids and phthalic anhydride to yield a resinous product which may be thinned with hiflash naphtha to yield a varnish.