baber/WOPTO huggingface dataset:
Patent GB-365544-A (GB)
Title: Process for biologically transforming carbon oxide into methane
IPC: C12P5/02
Filed: 1930-10-18
Abstract: Mixtures of carbon monoxide and hydrogen are transformed into methane in the absence of air by the action of certain bacteria which can be obtained from the mud of draining ditches or from the slime of the Emscher or Imhoff sewage tanks.  The effective bacteria are of the Plocamo type, gram-positive, non-sporaliferous, and non-mastigophorous short rods.  The transformation occurs more readily when colloidal materials such as earth, putrefaction sludge, aluminium hydroxide, or ferric hydroxide are present with the cultures.  The process may be used to free lighting gas from its carbon monoxide content, the gas being passed through systems of tubes or containers charged with half-dry sludge or other suitable substrate inoculated with the active bacteria.  Examples are given.
Patent GB-715522-A (GB)
Title: Improvements in or relating to fabric or cloth for paper making machines screens, and similar purposes
IPC: D21F1/10
Filed: 1950-12-27
Abstract: 715,522. Wire-cloth for papermaking. OBERDORFER, F. Dec. 27, 1950 [Dec. 24, 1949], No. 31417/50. Drawings to Specification. Class 142(4) [Also in Group VIII] The warp and weft threads consist of a metal core coated with a resilient material which flattens where the threads cross to assist in obtaining warp and weft humps of equal height; the coating may be omitted from the warp, and the weft need not have a core. The metal is copper or iron or an alloy thereof and the coating is nylon, rubber or varnish.
Patent GB-1310971-A (GB)
Title: Devices for drying crops such as grass and the like
IPC: F26B17/02
Filed: 1970-06-29
Abstract: 1310971 Drying crop by circulation C VAN DER LELY NV 29 June 1970 [3 July 1969] 31462/70 Heading F4G Crop such as grass is dried by being circulated through a drying chamber 1 by conveying means including a substantially horizontal endless conveyer. In an embodiment, Fig. 1, the whole load of crop is unloaded from a pick-up wagon 38 by means of its moving floor and falls on to the endless conveyer 12<SP>1</SP> which conveys it to a discharging mechanism 16 comprising rotatable drums 18 provided with knives 19. The crop falls down the space 23 on to a transverse conveyer belt 25 which conveys it to an offset blower 26 whence the crop is carried in the airstream through conduits 28 and 29 to a pair of rotary spreaders 33 from which it falls back into the chamber 1 for further circulation. When the crop is dry, it is despatched to a store by setting a flap 31 in the position shown. Heated air from a heater 14 may be blown by a blower 15 through the perforated fixed floor 12 and moving floor 12<SP>1</SP>, and escape at 22. Alternatively, unheated air may be supplied, or hot air and cold air alternately. The rotary spreaders 33 may rotate about horizontal axes. The moving parts are driven by electric motors. In another embodiment, Fig. 4, the feeding device 16 in its full line position feeds crop to an endless conveyer 41 having an inclined portion 40 and a horizontal portion 42. The conveyer 41 comprises a spaced pair of chains supported by guides and interconnected by sawtooth crop-entraining members 45, and moves the crop along a plate 46. When the feeding device 16 and the inclined conveyer portion 40 are in dotted line positions, crop falls into a trough 47 whence it is blown to a store. In another embodiment, the feeding device feeds crop directly into a rising stream of air created by five fans on a common shaft, and the crop is either deposited on an endless nearhorizontal conveyer just below the top of the chamber or carried away to store. The endless conveyer delivers the crop to a pair of crushing rollers at its end remote from the feeding device. The heater comprises a vaned combustion chamber extending parallel to a shaft supporting five centrifugal fans. In a further embodiment, the feeding device feeds crop on to tines projecting from a near-vertical endless conveyer which delivers the crop to a pair of crushing rollers disposed at the top of the endless conveyer and passing the crop on to a near-horizontal endless conveyer extending just below the top of the chamber. The movement of the tines is controlled by a guide. The near-vertical conveyer is pivotable about its upper end to allow discharge of dried crop to store.
Patent GB-718492-A (GB)
Title: Improvements in or relating to valve-gear of overhead valve internal combustion engines
IPC: F01L1/12
Filed: 1949-12-08
Abstract: 718,492. Valve-gear. BIRMINGHAM SMALL ARMS CO., Ltd., and HOPWOOD, H. March 8, 1951, [Dec. 8, 1949], No. 31475/49. Class 7(6) In an engine having overhead inlet and exhaust valves mounted so that their axes diverge radially from the centre of a part-spherical combustion chamber, pairs of valves, each pair comprising an inlet and an exhaust valve, are arranged on each side of a plane through the cylinder axis normal to the crankshaft axis and are operated by rockers actuated by a pair of interconnected overhead camshafts whose axes lie in the same plane, which plane contains the crankshaft axis. Each cylinder has two inlet valves 13 and two exhaust valves 11 actuated by two cam-shafts 7, 9, each of which actuates an inlet valve and an exhaust valve through rockers 45, Fig. 3. The shafts 7, 9 are connected through bevel gears 25, 23, and driven by bevel gearing 27, 29, 33 from the crankshaft, each shaft being arranged normal to the plane containing its associated valves and mounted in ball and roller bearings. The Provisional Specification describes an engine in which each cylinder has only three valves two of which are arranged in the same plane.
Patent GB-1072816-A (GB)
Title: Improved dry granular products and method of manufacture thereof
IPC: B01J2/04
Filed: 1965-07-23
Abstract: Dry sperical-shaped granules each consist essentially of a plurality of smaller indiivdual solid particles that are dispersible in a liquid medium, the particles are bonded together by a dispersible medium to form the larger spherical granules, the solid particles comprising the major part of each granule, and the granules are free-flowing and relatively rapidly dispersible in the liquid medium. The granules are produced by forming a slurry consisting essentially of small solid particles of material dispersible in a liquid medium together with a liquid medium containing a binding agent, atomizing the slurry to form atomized droplets, the droplets each having a plurality of the particles included therein, and causing the droplets to be dispersed in hot drying gas to convert them to dry spherical-shaped granules, the binding agent serving to bond the solid particles together in the dry spherical-shaped granules. Pressure spray and centrifugal atomizing systems may be employed. For the drying, the inlet gas temperature may range from 300 DEG  to 400 DEG F.  Particles: lactose, sucrose, dextrose, maltose and corn syrup solids; fumaric, citric, malic, maleic and adipic acids; mannitol; finely-divided cellulose; and sodium silicate.  The binding agent in the aqueous medium may be in solution or dispersion and may differ from or be the same material as that forming the solid particles e.g. the native syrup of the material.  Binding agents: lactose or glucose, gums, and proteins and starches or their derivatives.  The slurry may be formed by crystallization of solid particles from a super-saturated solution in conjunction with agitation to control the size of the particles, or by introducing and inter-mixing ground solid particles with a liquid medium before the atomization.  The bulk density of a product may be reduced by introducing small amounts of gas into the slurry being supplied to the atomizer.  The slurry may consist essentially of solid lactose particles of 1-100 microns size, the liquid medium being water containing dissolved lactose, and the granules produced by the atomization and drying may have a size of the order 80-400 microns, the bonding consisting of lactose in glass form.  If the glass content of the granular particles causes the product to be undesirably hygroscopic, a sufficient portion of the glass lactose may be crystallized, so as to render the product non-hygroscopic, by exposure to warm humidified air and redrying.  Examples are directed to producing granules from: (1) crude lactose manufactured from whey and containing 99.25% lactose, 0.4% free moisture, 0.3% ash and 0.05% protein nitrogen, employing a centrifugal atomizer operating at a peripheral speed of 450 feet per second and air at a temperature of 325 DEG F.; fumaric acid with dioctyl sodium sulphosuccinate as a wetting agent and (optionally) lactose or glucose for bonding, employing a centrifugal atomizer operating at a peripheral speed of 7540 r.p.m. and air at a temperature of 310-325 DEG F.
Patent GB-1150413-A (GB)
Title: Improvements in or relating to Condition Detecting Apparatus
IPC: G08B17/12
Filed: 1966-07-13
Abstract: 1,150,413. Controlling burners. HONEYWELL Inc. 13 July, 1966 [26 July, 1965], No. 31563/66. Heading F4T. [Also in Divisions G1 and G4] A self-checking radiation detector system, for sensing flames or fires, includes a radiation sensor in the D.C. branch of an A.C. energized rectifier bridge. A flame monitoring unit, Fig. 2, includes a motor driven shutter 24 synchronized with the A.C. supply, which allows radiation from the flame to reach a Geiger tube only on the alternate halfcycles when the diode 12 is conducting. For normal operation the relay 15 is thus energized and relay 20 de-energized. Failure (open circuit) of the tube is indicated by de-energization of both relays, while shorting or spurious counting is indicated by energization of relay 20.
Patent GB-160267-A (GB)
Title: Improvements in or relating to tramway or like signalling systems
IPC: B61L23/12
Filed: 1919-12-16
Abstract: 160,267. Waller, P. H. Dec. 16,1919. Electromagnetic switches; electrically-released switches; contacts.-Switches 48, 50 at each end of a track section, operated by passing vehicles, ccntrol circuits to electromagnets 35, 36 which operate a two-way switch 23 in one or other direction, the circuit to the magnet 36 operating the switch in one direction to close a contact 44 which is opened when the other operating magnet 35 is energized. The switch operating mechanism is described in Specification 156,331. The plungers 41, 47 of the switches 48, 50 are pushed inwards by the action of a vehicle on the levers 7, 8 and are locked until released by the magnets 74, 77 when the levers operating the two way switch are fully operated. The switch shown in Fig. 2 comprises a rotating arm 23 carrying contacts which engage a common contact ring 21 and one of the two arcs 19, 20 in the circuits respectively of the signals 5, 6. In order to permit a large number of vehicles to occupy the section at once a switch having spiral contacts in place of the circular arcs 19, 20 may be used as shown in Fig. 4. The arm 92 moved by the ratchet mechanism carries two contacts, one of which, 93, moves along the common contact ring 89, the other moves radially along the arm 92 and is also guided by a spiral cam groove on the frame of the switch to engage one or other of the spiral contacts 90, 91.
Patent GB-963207-A (GB)
Title: Improvements in or relating to dispensers
IPC: F16N3/10
Filed: 1961-09-01
Abstract: 963,207. Syringes. C. D. WALLER. June 18, 1962 [Sept. 1, 1961], No. 31584/61. Heading F1R. A dispenser, e.g. for creams and the like, comprises an internally threaded container within which an externally threaded piston is axially movable by relative rotation between the piston and the container. In the embodiment of Fig. 1, the container 1 is rotatable relative to an outer casing 3 to which guide posts 4 are secured to prevent rotation of piston 8. A press or screw-fit cover 27, 28 is provided. Ratchet or spring-loaded ball means may be provided for uni-directional drive. In another embodiment, a central ribbed or grooved guide post is secured to casing 3 to prevent rotation of the piston. In the embodiment of Fig. 4, piston 8a is rotated relative to container 1a by rotation of a base member 43 acting through a splined post 44. The dispenser may be of synthetic plastics.
Patent GB-940908-A (GB)
Title: Decorative lamp
Inventor: CAPEL FREDERICK ERNEST
IPC: H01K7/06
Filed: 1961-09-01
Abstract: 940,908. Supply circuits for incandescent lamps. NOMA ELECTRIC CO. Ltd. Sept. 26, 1961 [Sept. 1, 1961], No. 31595/61. Heading H2H. A miniature lamp arrangement comprises series-connected bulbs 1 of one colour connected in parallel with a control bulb 2 of a contrasting colour whose filament 4 is in series with a bimetallic strip 3. The resistance of the bulbs 1 is so chosen that, in operation, as the control bulb 2 is alternately illuminated and extinguished by the action of the strip 3, the bulbs 1 are alternately illuminated dimly and brightly. Strip 3 may be integral with the bulb 2, and the bulbs 1 may be arranged in a ring on arms radiating from the bulb 2 or its stem.
Patent GB-537120-A (GB)
Title: Improvements in or relating to the control of the fuel supply to internal combustionengines
IPC: F02D1/00
Filed: 1939-12-07
Abstract: 537,120. Fuel-injection pumps. RICARDO. H. R. Dec. 7, 1939, No. 31709. [Class 102 (i)] In apparatus for controlling the fuel supply to an internal combustion engine in which a fuel pump A delivers fuel to one or more injectors, the pump output being controlled by a rack or like member B which is moved, in a direction which will reduce or tend to shut off the fuel delivered by the pump to the engine, by pressure liquid which is supplied by a pump or like means and which operates against the action of a spring B<SP>2</SP>, means such as a leak-off or byepass passage H leading from a chamber F containing the liquid under pressure and fitted with an adjusting valve H<SP>1</SP>, are provided whereby, when the engine is started and the control member then stands in an excess fuel or maximum supply position, the building up of the liquid pressure necessary to move the control member will be delayed and made gradual, thus causing more fuel to be automatically delivered to the engine at starting than the normal full load governed supply which is subsequently permitted. The pressure liquid may be fuel, lubricating oil, or a liquid in a closed circuit. In the form shown, fuel from an inlet C<SP>2</SP> is delivered by a gear wheel pump C, C<SP>1</SP> through a passage C3 and a pipe C<SP>5</SP> to the fuel injection pump A, a relief valve E in a branch C<SP>4</SP> allowing excess fuel to pass through a space E<SP>2</SP> and a pipe E<SP>3</SP> back to the supply tank. The passage C<SP>3</SP> communicates by a passage C<SP>6</SP> with the pressure chamber F which is formed at the end of a cylinder F<SP>1</SP> containing a plunger G adjustably connected to the rack B by a screw G<SP>1</SP>. Fuel passing through the leak-off passage H escapes by way of a passage H<SP>2</SP> and the space E<SP>2</SP> to the supply tank. When the plunger G reaches the normal full load position it uncovers a relieving annulus J which communicates with passages J<SP>1</SP>, J<SP>2</SP> leading to the space E<SP>2</SP>. The passage J<SP>2</SP> contains a cock J<SP>3</SP> which may be adjusted manually and/or by a governor to control the output of the engine. The inner end of the cylinder F<SP>1</SP> is provided with a drain passage k.
Patent GB-863317-A (GB)
Title: Improved spindle drive for drilling and similar machine tools
IPC: B23B39/00
Filed: 1957-10-10
Abstract: 863,317. Drilling &c. machine details. ARBOGAMASKINER A.B. Oct. 10, 1957 [Dec. 6, 1956], No. 31709/57. Class 83 (3). A drilling &c. machine comprises a drill spindle 6 driven direct by a 3-phase electric motor 8 which has a solid-steel or forged-iron rotor carrying a short-circuited, winding. It is stated that the motor torque will increase gradually as the rotor is braked from the noload speed. The pole-changing motor 8 is bolted to an adjustable head 4, and its shaft 9 is keyed in the bore of the spindle 6, which rotates in a lever-fed sleeve 7.
Patent GB-1034245-A (GB)
Title: Improved method for the fractionation of starch
IPC: C08B30/20
Filed: 1964-08-05
Abstract: Starch is fractionated by dispersing starch containing amylose and amylopectin in water, adding at least 0.05% by weight, based on the weight of the dispersion, of an amylose complexing agent comprising benzene, a liquid aliphatic cyclohydrocarbon containing at least 5 carbon atoms or a monomethyl derivative of such a hydrocarbon, and separating the resulting precipitated amylose complex.  The precipitate may be removed by known methods, e.g. centrifugation, and washed with water. An amylopectin fraction may be recovered from the supernatant liquor by conventional methods. The starch dispersion, containing advantageously up to 3% by weight of starch, is preferably made by heating a starch-water mixture to 212-320 DEG  F. under pressure.  The starch may be derived from any natural source yielding a starch containing both amylose and amylopectin, including high amylose starches.  Specified amylose complexing agents are benzene, cyclohexane, methyl cyclopentane, cyclooctane, methyl cyclohexane, cycloheptane, cycloheptene, cycloheptadiene and cyclopentane.
Patent GB-1195541-A (GB)
Title: Insulation Displacing Connector for Electrical Conductors
IPC: H01R4/24
Filed: 1967-07-11
Abstract: 1,195,541. Electrical connectors. THOMAS & BETTS CORP. 11 July, 1967 [10 Aug., 1966], No. 31845/67. Heading H2E. An electrical connector 10, of tin-coated, powdered sintered copper, has a tapered central bore 11, which on deformation of the connector into a polygonal shape (Figs. 3, 4, not shown) closes about conductors (16, 17) inserted therein, the longitudinal teeth 13 separating or piercing the insulation coatings of the conductors. Strain relief surfaces 12 prevent the formation of flash during the deformation. In a modification (Fig. 8, not shown) the bore (21) has a tapered mouth (22). In further modifications (Figs. 9, 10, not shown) the connector has an open seam and an end wall. The teeth may be formed as a thread, or as circumferential serrations, and the connector may have an insulating coating.
Patent GB-383746-A (GB)
Title: Process of producing antiscorbutic preparations
IPC: A61K31/375
Filed: 1931-11-17
Abstract: Artificial products having the properties of vitamin C are produced by treating narcotine so as to remove the methyl groups of the meconin component with or without the removal of the methyl groups of the coternin component.  This may be effected by treating narcotine or its components or derivatives with acids, oxidizing agents, or enzymes from germinating seeds or by irradiation with chemically active rays or by more than one of these methods; or cotarnine may be condensed with nor-meconine. In examples: (1) narcotine is dissolved in 50 per cent sulphuric acid or in another acid such as concentrated hydrochloric or hydriodic acid and heated on a water bath while an inert gas is passed through; a salt of the product (an orthodiphenol of formula C20H19O7N) crystallizes out; (2) barley grains are steeped and germinated and then ground and placed in water in a glass vessel with the addition of narcotine and citric acid and left at room temperature for about a week; the solid matter is removed and the solution may be used as an antiscorbutic or may be evaporated to obtain the product; (3) narcotine is dissolved in a solvent such as ethyl acetate, cyclohexane or alcohol and irradiated in a closed quartz or like vessel which may be evacuated or filled with an indifferent gas before closing; the solution is evaporated, and the product purified by crystallization; (4) narcotine is dissolved in glacial acetic acid or dilute mineral acid and treated with hydrogen peroxide at ordinary temperature for some days; the solution is then evaporated in vacuo; (5) equivalent quantities of cotarnine and nor-meconine <FORM:0383746/IV/1> are boiled in alcoholic solution; concentrated hydrochloric acid is then added and the material separating out is filtered off.  The Specification as open to inspection under Sect. 91 (3) (a) states that antiscorbutic substances can be obtained by treating narcotine so as to replace the methoxy groups from the meconine component.  This substance is apparently converted in the body into the ortho-diphenol.  It may be obtained also by condensing cotarnine with phthalide.  In an example this is effected by boiling in methyl alcoholic solution, the mixture being then poured into water which is then acidified with hydrochloric acid. The excess of phthalide is removed with ether and the solution is then made alkaline; the precipitated base is extracted with ether, evaporated, dissolved in alcohol, and crystallized.  This subject-matter does not appear in the Specification as accepted.
Patent GB-1275456-A (GB)
Title: Lubricant producing assembly
IPC: C22C19/00
Filed: 1969-06-24
Abstract: 1275456 Bearings; lubricating; cylinders; pistons EI DU PONT DE NEMOURS & CO 24 June 1969 [28 June 1968] 31916/69 Headings F2A and F2T [Also in Divisions C7 and G1] A lubricant-producing assembly comprises two members having relatively movable opposing surfaces and a fluid capable of forming a lubricating medium for the surfaces, the surface of the first member consisting of either (a) an alloy containing 11-15 atom per cent carbon, 1À5-3 atom per cent silicon, the balance being iron, the alloy having a Vickers Hardness number of at least 150, (b) an alloy containing at least 80 atom per cent iron and at least 1 atom per cent carbon, the alloy having a V.H. number of at least 200, or (c) an alloy containing 50-79 atom per cent iron and at least 1 atom per cent carbon, the alloy having a V.H. number of at least 400, the sum of any cobalt and nickel in alloys (b) and (c) being less than 6 atom per cent, at least one half the weight of the remainder of the components in alloys (b) and (c) consisting of chromium, molybdenum, manganese, or tungsten, which are present as carbide(s) or in a fully hardened solid solution; the surface of the second member consisting of a mixture of (i) 10-90 volume per cent of an alloy containing at least 6 atom per cent of molybdenum or tungsten, at least 10 volume per cent of the alloy being an intermediate compound of molybdenum or tungsten, the V.H. number of the intermetallic compound being 550-1800, the coefficient of dry friction of the alloy (i) against the surface of the first member being no greater than 0À25, and (ii) correspondingly 90-10 volume per cent of a material having a V.H. number less than that of the alloy (i), the strength and adhesive properties of the material (ii) being sufficient to support the alloy therein; and the fluid comprising either petroleum hydrocarbons having a terminal boiling point no greater than 345 C., one or more C 1-12  aliphatic alcohols, or one or more C 4-9  aliphatic aldehydes. The alloy (i) may consist of 6-85 atom per cent molybdenum, 4-56 atom per cent silicon, and the balance iron, cobalt, and/or nickel. The material (ii) may consist of copper, nickel, aluminium, lead, tin, cadmium, iron, or alloys thereof, chromium and molybdenum, or one or more polyimides, aromatic polyamides, aromatic polyketones, polybenzimidazoles, aromatic polyimines, polybenzotriazoles, aromatic polythiazoles, or phenol-formaldehyde resins. The material may be a polyimide of pyromellitic dianhydride and 4,4<SP>1</SP>-oxydianiline. The invention is applicable to 2-stroke I.C. engines, wherein the said first member is the cylinder wall, and the said second member is the piston and piston rings.