baber/WOPTO huggingface dataset:
Patent GB-1420774-A (GB)
Title: Electromagnetically driven balance systems
IPC: G04C11/08
Filed: 1973-03-02
Abstract: 1420774 Electronic clocks and watches ITT INDUSTRIES Inc 2 March 1973 [4 March 1972] 10230/73 Heading G3T A timepiece balance is maintained oscillating by a drive circuit, Fig.1, and in synchronizm with synchronizing pulses applied at a terminal E. A drive transistor T 1  controlled by a transistor T 2  passes drive pulses through a coil L which cooperates with magnets (e.g. three pairs) on the balance and functions both as a drive coil and control coil. T 1  is turned ON and OFF by a transistor T 4  which is controlled by the synch. signals. Figs.3b to 3c illustrate the voltage waveform composed of drive pulses superimposed on induced voltage across the coil L while Fig.3a illustrates the synch. signal. The induced voltage pulses are synchronized with the synch. signal. The natural frequency f o  of the balance is chosen to be slightly less than half the frequency f s  of the synch-pulses so that without the synch. signal the timepiece would run fast. At synchronism, Fig.3b, one negative drive pulse only per half cycle of oscillation, is produced. In the Fig.3c case the balance is running too fast and a primary drive pulse I and secondary drive pulse II are produced each half cycle. With even greater excess over the synchronous speed condition of the balance, Fig.3d, the width of the primary drive pulse is automatically reduced and the secondary pulse II is made correspondingly wider in response to the charge in a capacitor C, which changes in dependence on the energy content of the primary drive pulse I. The total energy content of the pulses I, II remains substantially constant. The synch. signal may be derived from a crystal oscillator via a frequency divider chain of flip-flops. M.O.S. integrated circuit techniques may be employed throughout, or alternatively the drive circuit may use bipolar techniques while the synch. signal circuit may use M.O.S. techniques. In an alternative embodiment Fig.5 (not shown) separate drive and control coils are used.
Patent GB-582023-A (GB)
Title: Improved process for the production of purified magnesium carbonate
IPC: C01F5/24
Filed: 1944-05-26
Abstract: Pure magnesium carbonate is recovered from materials containing magnesium oxide, hydroxide or carbonate by carbonating a slurry of the calcined material, separating the crystalline magnesium carbonate produced mechanically, e.g., by froth flotation, forming a second slurry, carbonating to form an alternative crystalline form of carbonate and separating mechanically.  Dolomite, predazzite, pencatite, magnesite, or silicates burnt with limestone or dolomite may be crushed; calcined, preferably selectively, e.g., to an ignition loss of 18 per cent., to yield a magnesia of medium activity and leave the calcite unchanged; pulverised and formed into a slurry having 5 per cent. solids. Monoclinic blocks of Lansfordite MgCO3, 5H2O form below 46 DEG  F., orthorhombic needles of Nesquehonite MgCO3 3H2O above 70 DEG F.  Between 46 and 70 DEG F., Lansfordite is favoured by low temperatures and high rates and concentrations of carbonating gas, while the reverse conditions favour Nesquehonite. Lansfordite which allows a cleaner separation is preferably formed first but the reverse process may be used.  Any number of cycles may be used.  A gas having 30 per cent. CO2 is suitable.  Organic acids, e.g., oleic, palmitic, naphthalenic acids or their salts may be used as froth collecting agents in, e.g., 1lb. per ton quantities.ALSO:Magnesium hydroxide slurry is carbonated to form one type of magnesium carbonate crystal which is separated mechanically, e.g., by froth flotation from impurities, and the crystal habit is then changed prior to a further mechanical separation from impurities. Monoclinic blocks of Lansfordite MgCO35H2O form below 46 DEG F. orthorhombic needles of Nesquehonite MgCO33H2O above 70 F. while from 46-70 DEG F. high rates and concentrations of carbonating gas and low temperatures favour Lansfordite.  The crystal habit may be changed by resuspending and carbonating under different conditions.  Lansfordite which allows a cleaner separation is preferably formed first but the reverse process may be used.  Any number of cycles may be used.  Organic acids, e.g., oleic, palmitic, naphthenic acids or their salts may be used as froth collecting agents in, e.g., 1 lb. per ton quantities.
Patent GB-610267-A (GB)
Title: Improvements in the welding of end fittings to pipes or tubes
IPC: B23K5/00
Filed: 1946-04-03
Abstract: 610,267. Uniting by fusion. RICHARDSONS, WESTGARTH, & CO., Ltd., and DORRAT, J. A. April 3, 1946, No. 10295. [Classes 83 (ii) and 83 (iv)] Making pipe fittings.-A spigot 2 locates a partially-bored fitting 1 during welding to a tube 3 and is subsequently removed by drilling.
Patent GB-221837-A (GB)
Title: Improvements in or relating to high frequency alternators
IPC: H02K19/24
Filed: 1923-04-16
Abstract: 221,837. Oboukhoff, N. April 16, 1923. High-frequency machines; inductoralternators; machines with two or more armatures; cores. - Relates to modified arrangements of teeth and slots on the stator and rotor of the highfrequency alternator described in Specification 166,156 whereby increased winding space and higher frequencies are obtained. In the first arrangement, Fig. 1, the pitch of the stator teeth Ds is equal to 1.5 times the pitch of the rotor teeth Dr, the stator slots Es, in which are wound the exciting, primary, and secondary windings 0, 1, 2, having twice the width of the rotor slots Er or the teeth. In the second arrangement, Fig. 3, the stator tooth pitch is twice that of the rotor, the width of a slator slot being three times that of a rotor slot or tooth. In the third arrangement, Fig. 5, the stator and rotor pitches are equal, but the stator slot width is three times the tooth width, and the rotor slot width is equal to three times or one third of the rotor tooth width. A two-phase current is obtained if two machines according to the last arrangement have a common shaft with their rotors angularly displaced relative to each other by half the tooth pitch, or the stators may be similarly displaced. The frequency may be multiplied by grouping several machines on the same shaft with their windings in series and the rotors or stators angularly displaced. Generalizing formulae are given in the Specification. The functions of the stator and rotor may be interchanged.
Patent GB-178310-A (GB)
Title: A new or improved combination table and bureau
IPC: A47B63/04
Filed: 1921-04-08
Abstract: 178,310. Dodsworth, A. April 8, 1921. Writing desks; tables combined with recep. tacles.-A bureau or table for office or kitchen use comprises an upper compartment with an inclined front closed by a door which folds down to form a table, and a lower compartment with drawers 25 and cupboards 23 in its ends. The table top may be formed in folding sections 2, 3 and is hinged at the bottom of the upper compartment; it is supported by folding legs 7 and horizontal members 6 which fold against the lower compartment when not in use, or by horizontal members and stays which fold downwards when not in use. A removable table cover of enamelled metal may be provided.
Patent GB-584507-A (GB)
Title: Improvements in or relating to automatic recording devices
IPC: G01D7/02
Filed: 1944-05-31
Abstract: 584,507. Spectrographs. ARNOLD, C. (Standard Oil Development Co.). May 31, 1944, No. 10469. [Class 97 (i)] [Also in Groups XXXVIII and XL] An automatic electrically operated recorder provided with a pen for transcribing values in the form of a curve recording the relationship of two variables, comprises a rotating shaft 12 having a toothed wheel 21 on which rides a pawl 22, an electric circuit containing a source of direct current 25 and a condenser 26 in series connected to the recorder and a switch 23, responsive to the movement of the pawl, in the circuit, between the source of current and the condenser, whereby the periodic operation of the switch causes a transient current to pass through the recorder and causes the pen to place a fiduciary mark on the curve. Applied to a recording spectrograph, Fig. 3, two beams of light from a source 1 pass through two cells 2a and 2b containing the substances under examination and a standard respectively, through a monochromator 3 and the two emergent beams fall on thermo-couples 4A and 4B, the current from which is amplified in units 5A and 5B and the voltage difference measured and recorded by a self-balancing potentiometer 7 as described in Specification 584,506 and a pen 9. The wavelength of the beams passing through the monochromator is varied by the rotation of the shaft 12 co-operating with a travelling nut and a mirror, Fig. 2 (not shown). As the shaft rotates, the pawl 22 drops from the top of one of the teeth causing a transient current to flow through the recorder giving a brief impulse indicated by a momentary excursion of the recorder pen.
Patent GB-273848-A (GB)
Title: Improvements relating to fibrous paint material
IPC: C09D101/02
Filed: 1926-04-21
Abstract: 273,848. Heyl, G. E. April 21, 1926. Paints; water-paints.-A fibrous paint-like material to be applied wet by a brush as a substitute for wall paper or for surfacing wallboard, consists of paper or other fibrous material finely disintegrated first by a wet process in a beater with oil, water, or an oil emulsion, and subsequently by a wet or dry process in a colloidal mill or in a high-speed impact beater. A binding medium such as oil, glue, or gum, and a mineral filler such as china clay, barytes, gypsum, or silica flour may be added during or prior to either disintegration stage. In one method, paper is beaten to extreme fineness in water, then pressed into cakes which are finally powdered; the glue and filler are added during either stage, and the dry product is mixed with water before use. In another method, the fibrous material is first beaten in oil, or oil and water; the water is then dried out, and the mixture is disintegrated in a wet mill, the product being a wet oil mixture. Linseed oil, ordinary or Venetian turpentine, or a mixture of these may be used up to 15 per cent of the wet paint, the fibres forming about 1 per cent of the solid constituents.
Patent GB-1466151-A (GB)
Title: Line deflection circuit for cahtode-ray tubes
IPC: H03K4/62
Filed: 1974-03-08
Abstract: 1466151 D.C.-D.C. converters PHILIPS ELECTRONIC & ASSOCIATED INDUSTRIES Ltd 8 March 1974 [21 March 1973] 10542/74 Heading H2F The invention relates to a cathode-ray tube deflector current generator of the type comprising a deflection coil L forming part of a parallel resonant circuit including also a trace capacitor C3 and a retrace capacitor C2, deflection current during the first part of the trace flowing through a diode D2 and during the second part through a diode Dd and switch TR, energy being stored in a first winding L1 during the second part of the trace period and being applied to the resonant circuit during the retrace period via a second winding L2 and a diode Dl According to the invention a D.C. supply for associated circuits is derived from a transformer-rectifier circuit T2, DN connected across diode D1 or DN. It is explained the rectangular voltage equal to the voltage across C3 is available across the primary winding of T2 and if the voltage across C3 is stabilized. by a feedback circuit controlling the conduction angle of transistor TR the supply voltage UL is stable.
Patent GB-913953-A (GB)
Title: Improvements in propulsion and steering of engine-driven boats or other marine craft
Inventor: TURNER HORACE GEORGE
IPC: B63H11/00
Filed: 1959-03-26
Abstract: 913,953. Hydraulic jet propulsion supports. DOWTY TECHNICAL DEVELOPMENTS Ltd. March, 23, 1960 [March 26, 1959], No. 10668/59. Class 114. Propulsion apparatus of the type in which water is drawn into a duct 8 by a pump 2 and expelled as a jet of 6 is provided with a steering jet deflector 15 and a reverse thrust deflector 23. The arrangement provides steering in both forward and reverse motions of the boat under the normal control of the driver. An independent manual control is provided for the deflector 23. Specification 913,954 is referred to.
Patent GB-859820-A (GB)
Title: Improvements in sponge activated water filled ink cartridge pen
IPC: B43K5/03
Filed: 1959-03-26
Abstract: 859,820. Reservoir pens. GOLDMAN, M., and GOLDMAN, A. March 26, 1959, No. 10678/59. Class 146(3). A fountain pen comprises a filler sac 82, a resiliently compressible, liquid-absorbent cartridge 102 mounted within the sac and containing a quantity of solid pigments soluble in water to form ink, and a cap 100 closing the rear end of the barrel 10, the sac 82 being open at the end thereof adjacent to the cap 100 whereby the cartridge 102 may be inserted in and removed from the sac through the open end thereof. The sac 82 which may be of rubber is secured at its forward end to a nib-section 14 carrying a nib and feed-bar assembly ; at its rear end it is secured to the inner surface of a threaded extension 106 of the barrel. A self-filling lever 12 is pivoted to the barrel at 6 and has a broad, arcuate portion 7 laying adjacent to the inner surface of the barrel. The cartridge 102 may be formed of a sponge material and has an enlarged head 104 which abuts against the rear end of the extension 106 of the barrel on to which the cap 100 is screwed. To fill the pen the nib and feed-bar assembly is immersed in water and the lever 12 is actuated to deflate the sac 82 and compress the cartridge 102. Such compression of the cartridge causes an inky effusion to issue therefrom for mixture with the water which is drawn into the sac when pressure thereon by the lever part 7 is relaxed. During use of the pen water continuously circulates through the cartridge. On exhaustion of the cartridge it is replaced by a new one. In a modification the lever 12 is dispensed with and the cap 100 is made of a resilient material so that it can be squeezed to exhaust air from the sac and compress the enlarged head of the cartridge.
Patent GB-409130-A (GB)
Title: Improved refractory materials and methods of making the same
IPC: C04B35/42
Filed: 1933-04-10
Abstract: A chromite refractory material in which low melting point gangue has been converted into refractory material is prepared by intimately mixing chrome ore and dead burnt crystallized magnesium oxide, the magnesium oxide being greater than 12 1/2 per cent and preferably between 17 and 25 per cent of the mixture and sufficient or slightly more than sufficient to convert the gangue, grinding and tempering the mixture and shaping and turning the mass preferably at about 3000 DEG  F.  The chrome ore is heat treated at a temperature at least equal to that of the final burning together with all or part or without any of the magnesium oxide, the remainder being added prior to tempering.  The low melting constituent of the chrome ore is by the treatment converted into the material known as forsherite. Specifications 219,423, [Class 22], 360,572, and 381,981 are referred to.
Patent GB-973348-A (GB)
Title: Improvements in and relating to semiconductor devices
Inventor: BROOKES GEOFFREY
IPC: H01L29/167
Filed: 1961-03-23
Abstract: 973,348. Electron beam apparatus; semiconductor devices. MULLARD Ltd. March 23, 1961, No. 10683/61. Headings H1D and H1K. [Also in Division B1] Pure boron substantially free of oxygen is provided on part of the surface of a semiconductor body and heated in an inert or reducing atmosphere to diffuse it into the body only adjacent said part of the surface. If commercial boron which contains oxygen were used or the diffusion carried out in the presence of oxygen boron oxide would deposit on and diffuse into the entire surface of the body. In making a transistor a conventionally cleared 10 ohm cm. monocrystalline boron doped P-type silicon wafer is first heated in a flow of wet nitrogen carrying arsenic trioxide for 64 hours at 1200‹ C. to provide an overall N-type surface layer unwanted parts of which are then ground or etched away. The wafer is mounted N-layer outwards in the jig 3 (Fig. 2) behind a slitted mask 4 in a vacuum chamber, facing the boron evaporator shown, in which the tip of pure crystalline boron rod 19 is heated by electron bombardment. The evaporator, dimensions of which are given, consists of a tungsten emitter 21 and conical tantalum focusing electrodes 22, 23. The boron may be purified beforehand by zone melting in the same apparatus. In this process the masked body is replaced by another boron rod and the two rods are moved through the bombardment zone. After deposition of the boron the vacuum is released and the body cooled in dry inert or reducing gas and then rapidly transferred to the furnace (Fig. 5, not shown), where it is heated at 1200‹ C. for 40 minutes in a flow of inert or reducing gas to form P-type region 41 (Fig. 8). An aluminium foil 44 and molybdenum plate 45 are next alloyed to the wafer by heating in hydrogen for 5 minutes at 780‹ C. Gold is subsequently deposited through a second mask as in Fig. 2 within the edges of the boron layer, and gold, antimony and gold layers successively deposited through a third mask on strips parallel to and on both sides of the boron layer. In a further heating at 450‹ C. for 5 minutes in hydrogen the gold is alloyed to the strips to form ohmic contacts to region 41 and N-type layer 2. A resist 52 is then applied and the wafer etched to the chain line 53. Finally plate 45 is attached to a copper base and strips 48, 49, 51 to nickel wires by lead-tin eutectic solder to form collector, base and emitter connections. In a similarly manufactured device, Fig. 9, with multiple emitters 54, 55, 56 and base contacts 57-60, interdigitated nickel strip combs 61, 62 are used as connections.
Patent GB-107038-A (GB)
IPC: F24H9/20
Abstract: 107,038. Barr, J. F. June 7, 1916. Valves combined with electric switches.-A screw-down valve for an electric water heater is associated with a rotary or sliding switch. As shown, the handle 4 slides upon the squared end of the valve stem and can be pushed inwards against the action of a spring 6 to actuate a spring contact arm 11. In a modification, a rotary switch arm is moved over a segmental contact piece by pins on the valve stem.
Patent GB-398281-A (GB)
Title: Improvements in and relating to electric traction control mechanism
IPC: B60L15/20
Filed: 1932-04-14
Abstract: 398,281. Master control of motors; actuating controllers. INTERNATIONAL GENERAL ELECTRIC CO., Inc., 120, Broadway, New York, U.S.A.-(Assignees of Allgemeine Elektricitõts- Ges.; 2, Friedrich Karl-Ufer, Berlin.) April 14, 1932, No. 10718. Convention date, April 14, 1931. [Class 38 (iii).] In a traction control system in which a drum controller 1 is actuated step-by-step in one direction only under the control of a step-bystep master controller 2, a line contactor 12 is provided having two auxiliary contacts, one auxiliary contact maintaining the contactor closed, and the other establishing an operating circuit through the actuating mechanism of the drum controller. Upon closure of a " deadman's handle switch 11, and movement of the controller 2 to its first position, the contactor 12 is energized to close the motor circuit, and also supply current to the coil of an electromagnetically operated pawl and ratchet mechanism 14, 21 which moves the controller 1 to its first position. The controller 1 follows further forward movement of the controller 2, but when the controller 2 is returned to its " off position, the ratchet gear is supplied with current through a contact finger t3, to move the controller 1 still further forward into the " off " position, the motor circuit being broken during this movement by the de-energization of the contactor 12. With compressed air drive, a throttle may be provided between a valve and the pressure cylinder, effective to give slower forward switching at a particular position of the controller. The movement of the drum controller may be under the control of the motor current.
Patent GB-166091-A (GB)
Title: Improvements in blank feeding mechanism for machines for producing blanks of cardboard or like material to be used in the manufacture of boxes, and the like
IPC: B65H9/16
Filed: 1920-04-07
Abstract: 166,091. Swift, G. W. April 7, 1920. Pusher feeds for single sheets; sheet-registering devices.-Sheets of cardboard, tin, &c. are fed to box-making and like machines, for example of the kind described in Specification 165,949, [Class 100 (ii), Printing processes &c.], by a pusher 15 attached to sprocket chains 14 moving in grooves in a table 21, the chains moving in a direction inclined to the longitudinal sides of the table so as to register the sheets laterally against a side guide 19 adjustably held by set-screws 20 to the table 21. The sheets are registered longitudinally so as to advance at the correct time te the box-making machine, by adjusting the driving- pinion 1 of the front sprocket shaft 3. To adjust the pinion 1, it is held in a fixed position by a catch 10, and it is disconnected from a disc 2, Fig. 3, which is mounted on the shaft 3. This shaft is then adjusted to the desired position, and screws 8 are then used to fix the pinion 1 to the disc 2.
Patent GB-1030514-A (GB)
Title: Improvements in or relating to tocopherols and sterols
IPC: C07D311/72
Filed: 1963-03-19
Abstract: In a process for separating tocopherols and sterols from a mixture of tocopherols and sterols, sterol esters, triglycerides and monohydric alcohol esters of fatty acids, the mixture is fractionally extracted with a polar liquid solvent and a nonpolar liquid solvent in a volumetric ratio such that there is obtained a polar liquid solution rich in tocopherols and sterols and poor in monohydric alcohol esters, sterol esters and triglycerides, and a nonpolar liquid solution immiscible with the polar liquid solution which is rich in monohydric alcohol esters, sterol esters and triglycerides but poor in tocopherols and sterols.  The starting mixture may be deodorizer sludge which has been reacted with a monohydric alcohol to esterify fatty acids in the sludge, e.g. by refluxing with-hdrochloric acid and methanol.  Any mono-glycerides initially present in the sludge may be acid hydrolysed before or during the esterification step.  Any unsaturated fatty acids initially present in the sludge may be hydrogenated.  The polar liquid solution may be separated from the non-polar liquid solution, and the sterols separated by concentrating the solution and then crystallizing out the sterols.  In examples the polar liquid is 98% methanol and 2% water, and the non-polar liquid is hexane.  Other polar liquids mentioned are acetone, ethanol, acetonitrile, dimethylformamide, furfural and dimethylsulphoxide, and other non-polar liquids mentioned are benzene, carbon disulphide, isoheptane and n-heptane.