Patent GB-190406602-A (GB)
Title: Improvements in Machinery for Making Yarn from Fibrous Materials.
Inventor: JOHNSON JAMES YATE
Filed: 1904-03-18
Granted: 1904-04-28
Abstract: 6602. Johnson, J. Y., [Drury, W. H.]. March 18. Combined carding, spinning, and winding machines; yarns and threads; twist tubes and like twisters; rollers and roller heads.-Yarn is made direct from the carding-engine in a machine of the kind described in Specification No. 17,169, A.D. 1898, in which the fibres are taken from the carding-cylinder A, Fig. 4. by ring doffers B, and the strips of fleece so formed led separately between rubbing - faces of travelling - s t r a p s S<2>, which impart a twist. The yarns then pass between drawing-rollers H<1>, and are wound on spools N<1> driven by frictional contact with drums I<1>. The strips of fleece may be twisted round spun yarns as they are drawn, from balls or bobbins X, between the rubbing- faces of the straps S<2>, to produce core yarns. For each ring of the doffers a separate spinning-strap S' is provided, passing round an adjustable disc S', Fig. 5<a>, mounted in an independent frame S, and round a disc E<1> on a driven shaft K. An adjustable disc S<3> or curved guide on the frame S causes the strap to rub against itself opposite the corresponding doffer ring, and is preferably barrelled to give the greatest rubbing action at the centre of width of the strap. The strap may be convex on its inner surface to increase this effect. A rubber or other flexible tyre may be applied to any or all of the discs E, S<3>, S<4>. A vertical slot in the frame S permits adjustment of the disc S<3> to vary the position of the rubbing-faces of the strap. The frame S are secured by pivots V to a foot-piece S<1>, and each may be turned back, independently of the others, through a distance limited by a pin V<4> extending through a slot in the piece S<1>. A lever V<8> pivoted to the frame bears against the piece S' to lock the frame in working-position, and is tilted to release it. The piece S<1> is fixed to a cross-bar Q which is adjustable vertically, horizontally, and longitudinally, the latter adjustment allowing the frames to be moved from one side to the other of the doffer rings so that yarn of right or left handed twist may be produced. In starting, or piecing-up a broken end, a loop of string is passed between the two sides of the strap at its upper part and moved downwards over the front of the frame S until it passes through slits into the guides' eyes W, when it is rapidly rotated by the strap, and the strip of fleece accumulates upon it and can be drawn between the rubbing-parts of the strap. A needle hinged by a ball-and-socket joint to a projecting shield T', which may be adjustably secured on either side of the frame S according to the position of the frame with regard to the doffer ring, and set in an inclined position across the doffer ring and pointing to the entrance guide eye W, facilitates the removable of the strip of fleece. The shield prevents entanglement of adjacent strips of fleece, and screens Y, which may be fitted with a transparent window and can be moved up and down in guides, are arranged to screen the doffer rings and the yarn being formed. The lower drawing-roller H<1> of each set extends across the machine and is driven, and the upper rollers H<6> are formed in pairs, the connecting-neck being gripped between hinged levers H<8>, H<9>, the lever H<8> being pivoted at h<1> and adjusted by a screw h<4>, and the lever H<9> being loaded by a weight or spring. The rollers are adjustable longitudinally, to suit the position of the frames S, and also laterally. A clearer h<5> prevents lapping on the lower roller. This drawing- mechanism is applicable to other machines for drawing yarn or roving. The yarn is preferably wound in cheese form on tubes which are prevented from rotating on their driving-spindles by a sheet-metal plate n<1>, Fig. 8<a>, provided with teeth and let into a slot in the spindle. A slot n<3> in the plate engages a pin in the spindle, and the rotation of the spindle causes the teeth to grip the tube and carry it round. The tube is released by turning it in the opposite direction. The yarn is laid on the tubes by guides carried from rods L, Fig. 4, which are reciprocated by cams on the drums I<1>. In forming core yarn, the spun yarn to form the core, which should preferably be doubled, is drawn from bobbins X, X<4>, and is led over suitable guides, passed through a slot T<5>, Fig. 5<a>, in the shield T', and wound spirally round the needle when a needle is employed, or drawn diagonally across the face of the doffer ring, prior to passing between the straps which cause it to revolve. The fleece from the doffer ring laps helically round the core and is carried forward with it to the straps, which impart a twist. The twist remains in the covering-yarn but comes out of the core yarn as they pass to the drawing - rollers, thus completing the yarn. When single yarn is employed for the core, its twist is preferably opposite to that which is put into the covering-yarn by the strap.