Patent GB-811902-A (GB)
Title: Detergent compositions
IPC: C11D3/26
Filed: 1957-03-13
Abstract: A detergent composition comprises (a) at least one surface-active sulphate or sulphonate detergent, or both, and (b) an alkylurea glycoside of the formula <FORM:0811902/III/1> wherein one of the radicals R, R1, R11 and R111 is an alkyl radical of 10-15 carbon atoms, another is a monosaccharide or reducing oligosaccharide radical, and the other two, which may be the same or different, are hydrogen or alkyl radicals of 1-3 carbon atoms, which may be substituted by one or more hydroxyl groups.  The amount of (b) may not be more than the amount of (a) by weight but should be at least in a proportion of 1 : 100; most desirably the alkylurea glycoside comprises 1-6 per cent of the composition.  Suitable detergents are the salts of the mono-fatty esters of 1 : 2-dihydroxy-propane-3-sulphonic acid and of such hydroxyalkyl sulphonic acids as isethionic acid, of fatty amides of such aminoalkyl sulphonic acids as taurine, of higher esters of sulpho-carboxylic acids, of ethers of higher alcohols and lower hydroxysulphonic acids, or of fatty acid monoglyceride sulphates, sulphated higher fatty acid alkylolamides and alkyl polyoxyethylene sulphates, but the preferred detergents are the alkali metal, ammonium, or substituted ammonium alkyl sulphates or alkylbenzene sulphonates.  Specified glycosides are N-dodecylurea-N1-glucoside, N-dodecylurea-N-glucoside, N-pentadecylurea - N1 - galactoside, N - decyl - N1-methylure - N1 - glucoside, N - dodecyl - N - ethyl - N1 - methylurea - N1 - glucoside, N - dodecyl - N : N1 - dimethylurea - N1 - lactoside, N - dodecyl - N1 - ethanolurea - N1 - galactoside, and N - decyl - N : N1 - diethanolurea - N1-riboside.  The compositions usually also contain an alkali metal tripolyphosphate in an amount 1-5 times that of detergent present, and alkali metal silicate, carbonate and sulphate may also be present. Specification 704,021 is referred to.ALSO:Alkylurea glycosides of the formula: <FORM:0811902/IV (b)/1> wherein one of the radicals R, R1, R11 and R111 is an alkyl radical of 10-15 carbon atoms, another is a monosaccharide or reducing oligosaccharide radical, and the other two, which may be the same or different, are hydrogen or alkyl radicals of 1-3 carbon atoms, which may be substituted by one or more hydroxyl groups, are made by heating together the appropriate alkylurea and sugar in ethanol containing a little hydrochloric acid at 50 DEG  C. for 100 hours, filtering off the product and washing it successively with water and hot benzene.  Specified oligosaccharides are maltose, lactose, cellobiose and melibiose. Specified glycosides which may be so prepared are N - dodecylurea - N1 - glucoside, N - dodecylurea - N - glucoside, N - tetradecylurea - N1-glucoside, N - pentadecylurea - N1 - galactoside, N - decyl - N1 - methylurea - N1 - glucoside, N - dodecyl - N - ethyl - N1 - methylurea - N1-glucoside, N - dodecyl - N:N1 - dimethylurea - N1 - lactoside, N - dodecyl - N1 - ethanolurea - N1 - galactoside, N - decyl - N:N1-diethanolurea - N1 - riboside, N - dodecylurea-N1 - galactoside and N - dodecylurea - N1 - lactoside.  Specification 704,021, [Group III], is referred to.