baber/WOPTO huggingface dataset:
Patent RU-2215111-C1 (RU)
Inventor: ISMAKOV R A
IPC: E21B10/16
Filed: 2003-01-13
Granted: 2003-10-27
Abstract: FIELD: three rolling-cutter drilling bits for well drilling. SUBSTANCE: drilling bit has rolling cutters and hard-alloy teeth installed on peripheral and nose teeth rows of rolling cutters. The first rolling cutter is provided with single-line peripheral teeth row, and the second and third rolling cutters, with two-line peripheral teeth row. Peripheral teeth row of the second rolling cutter has larger number of teeth in internal line than in external one. The second and third rolling cutters are provided with gage teeth row, and peripheral teeth row of the third rolling cutter has less number of hard-alloy teeth in internal line than in external one. Installed on the second rolling cutter in clearance of conventially the first and second hard-alloy teeth of internal line of peripheral teeth row is one hard-alloy tooth of external line of peripheral teeth row; installed in clearance of the second and third hard-alloy teeth is one tooth of gage teeth row; installed in clearance of the third and fourth teeth, first, is hard-alloy tooth of external line of peripheral teeth row, and then, one tooth of gage teeth row; installed in clearance of the fourth and fifth hard-alloy teeth is one hard-alloy tooth of external line of peripheral teeth row; installed in clearance of the fifth and sixth hard-alloy teeth is one tooth of gage teeth row; installed in clearance of the sixth and seventh hard-alloy teeth is one hard-alloy tooth of external line of peripheral teeth row; installed in clearance of the seventh and eighth hard- alloy teeth, first, is one tooth of gage teeth row, and then, hard-alloy tooth of external line of peripheral teeth row, and further on, sequence of teeth installation is separated. Installed on the third rolling cutter, in clearance of conventionally the first and second hard-alloy teeth of internal line of peripheral teeth row are two hard-alloy teeth of external line of peripheral teeth row; installed in clearance of the second and third hard-alloy teeth, first, is one tooth of gage teeth row, and then, one hard-alloy tooth of external line of peripheral teeth row; installed in clearance of the third and fourth hard-alloy teeth, first, is one hard-alloy tooth of external line of peripheral teeth row, and then, one tooth of gage teeth row; installed in clearance of the fourth and fifth hard-alloy teeth are two hard-alloy teeth of external line of peripheral teeth row, and further on, sequence of teeth installation is repeated. EFFECT: prolonged service life of drilling bit and increased penetration rate due to more effective breakage of formed edging on bottomhole periphery and spiral ridges on well walls. 2 cl, 8 dwg
Patent RU-2244923-C1 (RU)
Title: Method for determining composition of expanded type friable systems
Inventor: MIRONOV V A
IPC: G01N33/38
Filed: 2003-05-12
Granted: 2005-01-20
Abstract: FIELD: technologies for testing properties of materials. 
     SUBSTANCE: in method for determining compositions of friable bi-senary systems of expanded type with core dimensions in fractions  determined by method of sieve analysis or sedimentation method, fraction volumes are determined for binary systems: V 1 =1/α  1 , m 3 , V 2 =V 1 (α  1 -1), m 3 , α  1 =(1+d 2 /d 1 ) 3 , m 3 , for ternary systems V 1 =1/α  1 , m 3 , V 2 =V 1 ((α  1 -1)/ α  2 ), m 3 , V 3 =V 2 (α  2 -1), m 3 , α  1 =(1+(d 2 +2· d 3 )/d 1 ) 3 , m 3 , α  2 =(1+d 3 /d 2 ) 3 , m 3 , for quaternary systems V 1 =1/α  1 , m 3 , V 2 =V 1 ((α  1 -1)/ α  2 ), m 3 , V 3 =V 2 ((α  2 -1)/ α  3 ), m 3 , V 4 =V 3 (α  3 -1), m 3 , 
     α  1 =(1+(d 2 +2· d 3 +4· d 4 )/d 1 ) 3 , m 3 , α  2 =(1+(d 3 +2· d 4 )/d 2 ) 3 , m 3 , α  3 =(1+d 4 /d 3 ) 3 , m 3 , for quinary systems V 1 =1/α  1 , m 3 , V 2 =V 1 ((α  1 -1)/ α  2 ), m 3 , V 3 =V 2 ((α  2 -1)/ α  3 ), m 3 , V 4 =V 3 ((α  3 -1)/ α  4 ), m 3 , V 5 =V 4 (α  4 -1), m 3 , α  1 =(1+(d 2 +2· d 3 +4· d 4 +8· d 5 )/d 1 ) 3 , m 3 , α  2 =(1+(d 3 +2· d 4 +4· d 5 )/d 2 ) 3 , m 3 , α  3 =(1+(d 4 +2· d 5 )/d 3 ) 3 , m 3 , α  4 =(1+d 5 /d 4 ) 3 , m 3 ,for senary systems V 1 =1/α  1 , m 3 , V 2 =V 1 ((α  1 -1)/ α  2 ), m 3 , V 3 =V 2 ((α  2 -1)/ α  3 ), m 3 , V 4 =V 3 ((α  3 -1)/ α  4 ) ,m 3 , V 5 =V 4 ((α  4 -1)/α  5 ), m 3 , V 6 =V 5 (α  5 -1), m 3 , α  1 =(1+(d 2 +2· d 3 +4· d 4 +8· d 5 +16· d 6 )/d 1 ) 3 , m 3 , 
     α  2 =(1+(d 3 +2· d 4 +4· d 5 +8· d 6 )/d 2 ) 3 , m 3 , α  2 =(1+(d 4 +2· d 5 +4· d 6 )/d 3 ) 3 , m 3 , α  3 =(1+(d 5 +2· d 6 )/d 4 ) 3  ,m 3 , α  4 =(1+d 6 /d 5 ) 3 , m 3 , where V 1 ,V 2 ,V 3 ,…,V 6  - fractions volumes with core sizes d 1 ,d 2 ,d 3 ,…,d 6 ,m 3 ; α  1 , α  2 , α  3 , ... , α  5  - volumetric coefficients of separation of cores with d 1  dimension by all other cores, dimension d 2  by all other cores, etc. 
     EFFECT: higher efficiency. 
     20 ex
Patent RU-2236460-C1 (RU)
Inventor: ISAEV V A
IPC: C12N9/48
Filed: 2003-05-20
Granted: 2004-09-20
Abstract: FIELD: biotechnology, preparative biochemistry. 
     SUBSTANCE: invention can be used in medicine, cosmetology, dermatology, biochemistry and food industry and in investigation aims also. Method for preparing the collagenase preparation involves homogenization of the parent collagen-containing raw, separation of extract by centrifugation, chromatography purification on ion-exchange resin and the following elution of active fraction, dialysis of eluate and lyophilic drying the final preparation. As the parent collagenase-containing raw method involves using skin beetle larvae of genus Dermestes. Homogenization is carried out in sodium chloride solution with addition of sodium azide in the volume ratio of biomass to solution = 1:(2-2.5). Chromatography purification is carried out on DEAE-Sepharose column equilibrated with MES-buffer with addition of 0.005 M of calcium chloride and elution is carried out with Tris-buffer with addition of sodium chloride, calcium chloride and ethyl alcohol. Invention provides high yield of collagenase, enhanced specific activity of enzyme by 5-10 times and reduces the process time for preparing. 
     EFFECT: improved preparing method. 
     4 dwg, 2 ex
Patent RU-2244716-C1 (RU)
Title: Method for preparing 7-(1h-tetrazol-1-yl)-acetamido-3-(2-methyl-1,3,4-thiadiazol-5-yl)thiomethyl)-3-cephem-4-carboxylic acid sodium salt (cefazolin)
Inventor: SAVEL EV E A
IPC: C07D501/02
Filed: 2003-06-27
Granted: 2005-01-20
Abstract: FIELD: organic chemistry, chemical technology, antibiotics. 
     SUBSTANCE: invention relates to a method for preparing highly effective antibiotic of cephalosporin series - 7-(1H-tetrazol-1-yl)-acetamido-3-(2-methyl-1,3,4-thiadiazol-5-yl)thiomethyl)-3-cephem-4-carboxylic acid (cefazolin) that can be used for preparing injection solutions. Method is carried out by crystallization of cefazolin from aqueous or aqueous-organic solutions with addition of sodium chloride or sodium acetate solution in the amount 10-25% of water weight in solution followed by filtration of precipitated cefazolin sodium salt, washing out and drying the precipitate. The claimed method provides preparing the agent satisfying requirements of Russian Federation Pharmacopoeia with the yield 85.1-93.0%. 
     EFFECT: improved preparing method. 
     6 ex
Patent RU-2256064-C1 (RU)
Inventor: GUMEROV A G
IPC: C09K8/524
Filed: 2003-10-27
Granted: 2005-07-10
Abstract: FIELD: oil industry. 
     SUBSTANCE: method includes washing tubing pipes using solvent - condensed light hydrocarbons, produced using centrifugal forces of hydraulic cyclone, with insertion of it through behind-pipe space into said tubing columns and circulation with down-pump operating in towards-self mode. Said solvent contains admixture in form of special surfactant, washing is performed at temperature close to temperature of melting of paraffin with loss of said solvent 5-10 m 3  in one well. 
     EFFECT: higher efficiency, broader functional capabilities.
Patent RU-2252322-C1 (RU)
Title: Энергетический комплекс
Inventor: PROTSENKO V P
IPC: F24D12/02
Filed: 2003-11-21
Granted: 2005-05-20
Abstract: Изобретение относится к теплоэнергетике, а именно к централизованному теплоснабжению на основе совместного производства электроэнергии и теплоты. Энергетический комплекс включает теплофикационные и конденсационные турбины, системы охлаждения их отработавшего пара, теплонасосные установки, пиковые нагреватели и тепловые сети, которые объединены общим контуром сетевой воды так, что общий поток обратной сетевой воды делится на параллельные потоки, каждый из которых служит источником низкопотенциальной теплоты для теплонасосных станций, так что каждая из параллельно включенных по ходу сетевой воды теплонасосных установок теплонасосных станций обеспечивает одно и то же охлаждение воды, чем обеспечивается идентичность конструкций и термодинамических циклов теплонасосных установок, включающих две изобары (подвода и отвода теплоты) и две политропы (сжатия рабочего тела в компрессоре и расширения в турбине); при этом дополнительно к утилизации теплоты отработавшего пара турбин для нагрева сетевой воды используется теплота сжигания мусора в двух вариантах: для выведенных за пределы обслуживаемого города ТЭЦ мусоросжигательный завод нагревает воду после ТЭЦ, что позволяет увеличить выработку электроэнергии ее турбинами, а при размещении ТЭЦ в городе - после конденсационных турбин, что позволяет увеличить выработку электроэнергии последними. Изобретение позволяет повысить конкурентоспособность теплофикации. 2 ил.
Patent RU-2259332-C1 (RU)
Title: Шпалобетон
Inventor: SVATOVSKAJA L B
IPC: C04B111/20
Filed: 2004-03-29
Granted: 2005-08-27
Abstract: Изобретение относится к области строительных материалов и может быть использовано для изготовления изделий в промышленном и гражданском строительстве. Технический результат - улучшение экологической ситуации за счет безопасной утилизации токсичных материалов - отработанных деревянных шпал, улучшение защитных свойств материала по теплоизоляции. Бетон, включающий цемент, щебень, песок, воду, дополнительно содержит жидкое стекло и щепу отработанных деревянных шпал при следующем соотношении компонентов, мас.%: цемент 17,0-22,0 жидкое стекло 0,2-0,7, щебень 39,3-45,7, песок 26,2-30,4, щепа деревянных шпал 0,5-5,0, вода - остальное. 1 табл.
Patent RU-2259855-C1 (RU)
Inventor: DOROFEEV E M
IPC: A62C31/02
Filed: 2004-05-12
Granted: 2005-09-10
Abstract: FIELD: fire-fighting equipment, particularly adapted to deliver fire-extinguishing material. 
     SUBSTANCE: method involves forming at least one set of gas-and-powder jets directed to fire site, wherein axes of adjacent jets in each set are directed at equal angles one relative another. The angle does not exceed half of jet spray angle. Three embodiments of gas-and-powder flow forming device are also disclosed. 
     EFFECT: increased fire-extinguishing reliability due to provision of high uniformity of specific fire-extinguishing powder discharge over the full surface to be protected. 
     12 cl, 7 dwg
Patent RU-2263381-C1 (RU)
Inventor: AVAKJANTS L I
IPC: C03C3/16
Filed: 2004-05-25
Granted: 2005-10-27
Abstract: FIELD: laser engineering. 
     SUBSTANCE: proposed athermal phosphate glass has following composition: P 2 O 5 , Al 2 O 3 , B 2 O 3 , K 2 O, Na 2 O, MgO, CaO, SrO, BaO, Nd 2 O 3 , CeO 2 , SiO 2 , and Nb 2 O 5 , proportion of ingredients being as follows, mass percent: P 2 O 5 , 52 - 66; Al 2 O 3 , 3 - 6; B 2 O 3 , 0.3 - 3.3; K 2 O, 3 - 8; Na 2 O, 1.5 - 5.5; MgO, 0.2 - 2.1; CaO, 0.1 - 3; SrO, 2 - 17; BaO, 0.5 - 21; Nd 2 O 3 , 0.5 - 6; CeO 2 , 0.1 - 1.5; SiO 2 , 0.5 - 3; and Nb 2 O 5 , 1.5 - 9. 
     EFFECT: facilitated manufacture, enhanced heat resistance, and maximal pumping power of laser athermal phosphate glass. 
     1 cl, 3 tbl
Patent RU-2263748-C1 (RU)
Title: Многопустотное строительное изделие и способ его изготовления
Inventor: ANFEROV V A
IPC: B28B3/20
Filed: 2004-06-10
Granted: 2005-11-10
Abstract: Изобретение относится к области строительства и может быть использовано при производстве железобетонных изделий, в частности многопустотных плит перекрытий, полученных методом непрерывного формования по безопалубочной технологии. Технический результат - повышение надежности захвата. Многопустотная плита перекрытия состоит из бетонного тела с верхней и нижней частью, между которыми выполнены продольные ребра и продольные пустоты. Плита снабжена петлевыми захватами в продольных пустотах. Захваты образованы крестообразно расположенными горизонтальными арматурными стержнями, установленными в двух уровнях и контактирующими друг с другом поверхностями в точках их пересечения. Каждый стержень имеет переднюю часть со срезом на угол β=30-60°, концевую часть, загнутую под углом 180°-β, и расположен в горизонтальной плоскости относительно продольных ребер под углом α, равным 30-60°. Над точками пересечения стержней размещены сквозные захватные гнезда. Для изготовления изделия на стенде укладывают продольную арматуру, устанавливают горизонтально-подвижной формовочный агрегат и формуют бетонный многопустотный массив тела строительного изделия. Сразу после формования бетонного массива производят образование сквозных захватных гнезд: устанавливают шаблон и производят обрушение за один прием бетонного массива через отверстие шаблона во внутреннюю часть пустоты плиты. Затем осуществляют прокол ребер бетонного массива арматурными стержнями по направляющим каналам шаблона. После образования петлевых захватов бетонный массив разрезают на отдельные изделия и выдерживают для набора распалубочной прочности. 2 н. и 1 з.п. ф-лы, 6 ил.
Patent RU-2270700-C1 (RU)
Inventor: NAZARENKO DMITRIJ PETROVICH
IPC: A61M27/00
Filed: 2004-07-22
Granted: 2006-02-27
Abstract: FIELD: medicine. 
     SUBSTANCE: method involves removing sphacelous retroperitoneal cellular tissue. Draining system is introduced through each of counteropenings located on the left and right side along posterior axillary line 10 cm far from costal arch edge. Draining system has two polyvinyl chloride tubes arranged on the upper and lower end of 500 ml large rubber balloon. The drains are brought out through counteropenings in lumbar region. Balloons are pumped and retroperitoneal space is rinsed every day in postoperative period. 
     EFFECT: enhanced effectiveness in removing pathological exudate; prevented pyo-necrotic mass fragmenting. 
     1 dwg
Patent RU-2263235-C1 (RU)
Inventor: KHOMINETS ZINOVIJ DMITRIEVICH
IPC: F04F5/02
Filed: 2004-07-27
Granted: 2005-10-27
Abstract: FIELD: oil producing industry. 
     SUBSTANCE: according to proposed method, the following devices are mounted on tubing string from bottom to top: intake funnel with liner, packer and jet pump.  This assembly is lowered on tubing string into well.  Intake funnel is arranged not lower than top of formation perforation zone, and then complex logging instrument is lowered into well through channel of jet pump housing.  In process of lowering, background geophysical parameters are recorded.  Then complex logging instrument is taken out of well and blocking insert with through channel is installed in through channel of jet pump, and tubing string is lowered until intake funnel reaches sole of formation perforation interval.  Then chemical agents are pumped into well, and after filling of well with chemical agents, tubing string is partially lifted, packer is released and designed amount of chemical agents are pumped into formation after which blocking insert is taken out and complex logging instrument and sealing unit are lowered into well.  Records of geophysical parameters from funnel to well bottom hole are taken, complex logging instrument is installed at funnel inlet, and sealing unit is installed on seat in through channel of jet pump and, using jet pump, at least two cycles of hydrodynamic action onto formation at depression-repression mode are carried out with provision of circulation of chemical agents in formation after which draining of formation is started by removing of reaction products, and before termination of formation draining, records of physical fields of formation along well borehole, with jet pump operating, are taken, then complex logging instrument and sealing unit are taken out, insert for recording pressure-build-up curves with check valve is installed in through channel of jet pump.  Said insert is provided with self-contained pressure gauge installed from below.  Designed value of depression on formation is built, and draining of formation is carried out with measuring of amount of taken out formation fluid.  Then delivery of working agent to nozzle of jet pump is stopped, and overpacker and underpacker spaces are separated by means of check valve of insert for recording pressure-build-up curves.  Then using self-contained pressure gauge, pressure-build-up curve in underpacker space is recorded, insert is taken out together with self-contained pressure gauge and operations for setting well is service are carried out. 
     EFFECT: improved reliability and increased capacity at acid formation treatment. 
     3 dwg
Patent RU-2274567-C1 (RU)
Title: Vehicle braking automatic control method
Inventor: VOLKOV SERGEJ VALERIANOVICH
IPC: B64C25/46
Filed: 2004-08-31
Granted: 2006-04-20
Abstract: FIELD: mechanical engineering; vehicle braking control systems. 
     SUBSTANCE: proposed method of automatic control of vehicle braking comes to forming control signals corresponding to braking pressure depending on values of preset and current angular decelerations of brake wheels.  Control signal for each brake wheels is formed with due account of ratio of current angular velocity of said wheel and minimum angular velocity of all brake wheels according to following law   where   is value of preset angular deceleration of wheels proportional to displacement of brake pedal;   is value of current angular deceleration of said wheel; t is current braking time;   is angular velocity of said wheel;   is minimum angular velocity of all brake wheels; k1, k2 are weight coefficients. 
     EFFECT: improved operation reliability of vehicle owing to uniform distribution of energy absorbed by wheel brakes in process of braking with preservation of preset efficiency of braking. 
     2 dwg
Patent RU-2270363-C1 (RU)
Title: Wind-driven electric generator rotor
Inventor: LITVINENKO ALEKSANDR MIKHAJLOV
IPC: F03D9/00
Filed: 2004-09-27
Granted: 2006-02-20
Abstract: FIELD: wind-power engineering. 
     SUBSTANCE: magnetic circuits of wind-driven electric generator rotor are made in the form of ferromagnetic bodies joined together by means of bolts and U-shaped nonmagnetic clamps and are installed on arc-shaped members. 
     EFFECT: reduced mass, size, and cost of rotor due to its facilitated manufacture. 
     1 cl, 3 dwg
Patent RU-2262499-C1 (RU)
Inventor: ZHUKOV JU N
IPC: C06B25/34
Filed: 2004-09-30
Granted: 2005-10-20
Abstract: FIELD: explosives. 
     SUBSTANCE: invention relates to industrial explosive compositions employed when performing blasting operation on the earth surface of open-pit mines and open-cast mines at temperatures from -50°C to +50°C. In the first embodiment of invention, industrial explosive composition comprises hexogen with particle size less than 0.7 mm, liquid petroleum product with kinematic viscosity below 2400 mm 2 /s as measured at 20°C and/or coal powder, and dense granulated ammonium nitrate and/or porous granulated ammonium nitrate. Moisture content of composition is below 1.8% (in excess of 100%). Another embodiment provides composition comprising hexogen with particle size less than 0.7 mm, trotyl and/or dinitronaphthelene, liquid petroleum product and dense granulated ammonium nitrate and/or porous granulated ammonium nitrate, moisture content being 1.8% (in excess of 100%). 
     EFFECT: enabled preparation of high-efficiency explosives for use in blasting operations on middle- and high-strength minerals when charging dry and dried wells as well as when placing explosives into polyethylene hoses and cartridges in wells with any degree of watering. 
     12 cl, 1 tbl
Patent RU-2260690-C1 (RU)
Inventor: IBRAGIMOV N G
IPC: B01D17/04
Filed: 2004-11-10
Granted: 2005-09-20
Abstract: FIELD: oil industry. 
     SUBSTANCE: method includes dispersing water in oil emulsion at input of accumulator. As water, drain-water of the same oil deposit is used with content of oil products no less than 60 mg/l and hard suspended particles no more than 50 mg/l in volume 8-15% of volume of prepared oil at a temperature 5-25°. 
     EFFECT: higher efficiency. 
     1 ex
Patent RU-2279582-C1 (RU)
Inventor: KOVALEV VLADIMIR VIKTOROVICH
IPC: F16F9/06
Filed: 2005-01-11
Granted: 2006-07-10
Abstract: FIELD: transport engineering; suspensions of transport facilities. 
     SUBSTANCE: proposed shock absorber has body, rod with piston, piston-separator, rod guide and throttling system. Shock absorber is additionally provided with ring immovably mounted in body and spool valve with skewed slots; spool valve is secured on rod. Cavity of hydraulic rebound buffer formed in between ring and rod guide is filled with fluid from working chamber of shock absorber. 
     EFFECT: reduction of rigidity of impact loads at end rebound stroke; avoidance of plastic deformation and mechanical wear of rebound buffer. 
     1 dwg
Patent RU-2283030-C1 (RU)
Title: Device for determination of human visual system's labile state
Inventor: PETUKHOV IGOR VALER EVICH
IPC: A61B3/02
Filed: 2005-04-11
Granted: 2006-09-10
Abstract: FIELD: medical equipment. 
     SUBSTANCE: device has second pulse oscillator, millisecond pulse oscillator, first univibrator, second univibrator with adjusted pulse duration, third and fourth univibrators, AND gate, OR gate, counter, flip-flop, reverse value computing unit, indication unit, point light source and control board. Device allows determining true value of human visual system's labile state under common working conditions. 
     EFFECT: improved precision. 
     4 dwg
Patent RU-2285971-C1 (RU)
Title: Rotary switch
Inventor: CHEBOTAREV VLADIMIR EFIMOVICH
IPC: H01H19/64
Filed: 2005-04-12
Granted: 2006-10-20
Abstract: FIELD: electrical engineering; low-voltage circuit-opening devices. 
     SUBSTANCE: proposed rotary switch has set of contact members disposed in insulating cases, locking mechanism with set of operating and locking springs disposed in covered case and coupled with contact members by means of common internal shaft, as well as rotary handle mounted on separate external shaft. Locking mechanism is made in the form of drum mounted on internal shaft for rotation in case support, disk-shaped operating cam installed on external shaft extension for rotation in locking-mechanism case cover, and set of wipers disposed in guide slots of case. Drum has concentric slots accommodating operating springs and depressions on external cylindrical surface for engaging locking wipers. Disk-shaped cam has protruding section on periphery contacting wipers and projections perpendicular to disk for engaging operating springs. 
     EFFECT: enhanced mechanical endurance and simplified design. 
     1 cl, 6 dwg
Patent RU-2287260-C1 (RU)
Title: Method for preventing of sprouts renewal of lignous fruticose vegetation
Inventor: L VOV SERGEJ MIKHAJLOVICH
IPC: A01G23/00
Filed: 2005-05-30
Granted: 2006-11-20
Abstract: FIELD: forestry, in particular, elimination of undesired lignous vegetation from rides of air electric power lines, railway and  traffic roads, as well as from cuttings for renewal of valuable tree kinds. 
     SUBSTANCE: method involves sawing upper part of stump to 5-20 cm height during period when growing of vegetative organs of tree kinds is stopped, to which kinds stumps of sawn trees are referred, during which period intensive descending flow of sap ascent starts; treating newly formed stump cut with root herbicide solution by means of sprinkler or applicator. Herbicide solution is delivered by the action of descending flow created by suction force of root system to stump roots to thereby cause dieback thereof and, accordingly, interrupt activities of reproductive organs and prevent formation and growth of sprouts. 
     EFFECT: increased efficiency of controlling sprouts growth by treating tree stumps with root herbicides.