baber/WOPTO huggingface dataset:
Patent GB-601847-A (GB)
Title: Improvements in or relating to ceramic materials
IPC: H01C17/20
Filed: 1945-10-05
Abstract: A fired ceramic material comprising a substantial proportion of small crystals and a substantial proportion of glass comprises 60-80 mol per cent XO2, 17-23 mol per cent Y2O3, where XO2 is SiO2 or SiO2 and a minor proportion of ZrO2, Y2O3 is Al2O3 or Al2O3 and a minor proportion of B2O3, the remainder of the composition being the sum of at least three alkaline earth oxides (including MgO and BeO) each constituting at least one mol per cent of the composition, the ceramic material containing no more than a small amount, preferably not more than 0.5 per cent by weight, of alkali metal oxide.  A suitable composition is 66.2 mol per cent SiO2, 21.7 mol per cent Al2O3, 4.3 mol per cent MgO, 3.5 mol per cent CaO, 2.5 mol per cent SrO and 1.8 mol per cent BaO.  The crystals and the glass both comprise at least 30 per cent each by volume of the material.  The material is formed by firing together a mixture of the necessary finely divided raw materials, the heating rate, maximum temperature and cooling rate being such that substantial proportions of crystals and glass are formed. The alkaline earth oxide ingredients and a portion of the remaining ingredients may be mixed and calcined before being formed into the mixture which is fired to form the ceramic material.  The maximum firing temperature is preferably in the vicinity of but below the temperature at which blebs tend to form. The material may be rendered porous by incorporating in the raw materials during mixing a substantial amount of an organic substance such as wood flour which on firing is burnt out and leaves a porous ceramic structure.  The material is suitable for making electric resistances by coating with a layer of carbon, and for other general electric insulation purposes.  Specification 557,811 is referred to.
Patent GB-863474-A (GB)
Title: Benzothiadiazine derivatives and their preparation
Inventor: LUND FRANTZ
IPC: C07D/
Filed: 1958-08-13
Abstract: The invention comprises compounds of the general formulae: <FORM:0863474/IV (b)/1> <FORM:0863474/IV (b)/2> (wherein R represents a hydrogen atom, a cyclohexyl, phenyl, benzoyl, furyl or pyridyl group, or a group <FORM:0863474/IV (b)/3> wherein X is a straight or branched hydrocarbon group, which may contain a carbon-to-carbon double, Y is a hydrogen atom, a phenyl group or a C2-6 carbalkoxy group, and Z is a hydrogen, fluorine, chlorine or bromine atom, a hydroxy, C1-5 alkoxy, C2-8 acyl, C2-6 carbalkoxy, nitro or benzylmercapto group, a phenyl group optionally substituted by a fluorine, chlorine or bromine atom or a C1-5 alkyl or alkoxy group, or a phenoxy group optionally substituted by one or more fluorine, chlorine or bromine atoms or a nitro or amino group; R1 represents a hydrogen, fluorine, chlorine or bromine atom or a trifluoromethyl, methyl methoxy or nitro group; R2 represents a methyl group, and R3 an alkyl, haloalkyl, acyl, carbalkoxy or carbalkoxymethyl group, the alkyl or alkylene radical of said groups containing not more than 2 carbon atoms, or R2 and R3 jointly form a spirocyclic polymethylene group optionally substituted by a fluorine, chlorine or bromine atom or a C1-5 alkyl group), and the production thereof by reacting, respectively, 5-trifluoromethyl 2,4-disulphamylaniline with an aldehyde RCHO or a reactive derivative thereof (followed, if desired, by reduction of any nitro group in the product to an amine group), or a compound of the general formula:  <FORM:0863474/IV (b)/4> with a ketone R2-CO-R3 or a reactive functional derivative thereof. Specified reactive derivatives of aldehydes are polymers, acetals, hydrosulphites and cyanhydrins thereof, a -haloalkyl ethers and vinyl esters and ethers, and it is further stated that 1, 1-diiodoalkanes react analogously.  Specified reactive functional derivatives of ketones are their ketals, enolethers, hydrosulphites and cyanhydrine. The products are useful soluratic agents.  According to the second Provisional Specification, the compounds unsubstituted or monosubstituted in position 3 may also be produced by reduction of the corresponding compounds containing a double bond in the 3 : 4 position, and those unsubstituted in position 6 by hydrogenation of the corresponding 6-halo compounds, the latter reaction in some cases taking place simultaneously with the former.  The third and fourth Provisional Specifications also describe the former reaction, with, in the latter, simultaneous reduction of a nitro to an amine group in some instances.  Specification 826,923 is referred to in the second and fourth Provisional Specifications.
Patent GB-1345017-A (GB)
Title: Method of preparing a breathable article
IPC: D06N3/00
Filed: 1971-04-19
Abstract: 1345017 Coated sheet material HOOKER CHEMICAL CORP 19 April 1971 [2 April 1970] 26098/71 Addition to 1257039 Heading B2E A unitary, breathable article is obtained by (1) applying a first coating of a solution or dispersion of film-forming flexible polyurethane to a carrier, (2) evaporating at least a portion of the solvent or diluent of the first coating thereby to form a solidified, non-porous film which is strippable from the carrier member and which has a softening point of 50-230‹C, (3) applying a second coating of a solution or dispersion of a film-forming polymer to the non- porous film, (4) applying a porous fabric material to the second coating while the second coating is in an adhesive condition to interlock the fabric material therewith, (5) evaporating solvent or diluent from the resultant composite by heating at at least 150‹C and above the softening point of the non-porous to form a unitary breathable structure on a carrier member and (6) stripping the carrier member from the unitary breathable article. The film-forming polyurethane solution or dispersion may be applied to the carrier by a reverse roller and the coating may be dried by passing through one or more heating zones to form the non- porous polyurethane film. Heating may be by hot gas ducts or radiant heaters, at a temperature of 35-225‹C. A sequence of heating zones of increasing temperature is preferably employed. The second coating may be of the same or of a different polyurethane from the first and may be applied by knife coating, brush coating or spraying. Knitted, woven, non-woven or stretchable textile material is fed on to the second coating while it is in an adhesive condition and may rest its own weight on the coated carrier member, or alternatively a controlled pressure may be applied. The composite structure is fed through a second heating zone which may be of the same type as the first. Numerous suitable polyurethanes are listed as suitable for the first coating as well as numerous suitable materials including polyurethanes for the second coating. Suitable solvents for the coating materials are also given. The fibres of the fabric may be natural or synthetic, e.g. cellulosic fibres, jute, cotton, wool, nylon, polyester, rayon, acetates, polyurethanes, acrylics and polyolefins. Paper and expanded polymers are also suitable.
Patent GB-1074004-A (GB)
Title: Process for refining steel
IPC: C21C7/00
Filed: 1964-06-24
Abstract: Carbon or alloy steel is treated to reduce its hydrogen content by blowing on to the slag-covered melt at atmospheric pressure a halogen, carbon tetrachloride or a halogen compound other than calcium fluoride which decomposes or reacts with the slag to yield halogen but no atomic hydrogen, the halogen or halogen compound being carried in a gas consisting substantially of free oxygen. The treatment may be applied at any stage in the steel making process, but should preferably be applied to the final slag of a multi-slag process.
Patent GB-756328-A (GB)
Title: Improvements in electrical equation-solvers
Inventor: LIEBMANN GERHARD
IPC: G06G7/34
Filed: 1952-10-17
Abstract: 756,328. Electric analogue calculating apparatus. ASSOCIATED ELECTRICAL INDUSTRIES, Ltd. Aug. 14, 1953 [Oct. 17, 1952], No. 26118/52. Class 37. An electric analogue apparatus for solving simultaneous equations comprises a resistance chain corresponding to each unknown whose component resistances represent the coefficients of equations comprising the same unknown and in which respective variable currents simulating the values of the appropriate unknowns flow, so that the voltages across the individual resistances represent corresponding component terms of the individual equations, and a single summing resistance corresponding to each equation; which is traversed in parallel by currents proportional to the voltages across the component resistances of the equation and representing the component terms thereof, additively combined in appropriate sense or phase to develop a voltage across the summing resistance representing the algebraic sum of the component terms, which may be reduced to zero by iteratively adjusting the resistance currents to represent the solution values of the unknowns. In a circuit for solving simultaneous equations of the kind set forth in Specification 756,325 the several analogue resistance chains (RxO, Rs0, - b1,-b2); (Rx1, Rs1, all, a21); (Rx2, Rs2, a12, a22) are supplied from a source of direct voltage; the first chain being connected between the positive busbar and earth while the second and third chains are connected between earth and the positive or negative busbar by switches C1, C2, and the resultant voltage drops across resistances (- b1, a11, a12) and (- b2, a21, a22) analogous to the terms of the equations to be solved are respectively coupled over change-over switches So1, S11, S21 and So2, S12, S22 determining the signs of the coefficients and through high series resistances Rp to summing resistances Rs1, Rs2 corresponding one to each equation; the output voltages across which represent the residuals P1, P2 so that by keeping Io constant and iteratively adjusting I1, I2 until PI, P2 are simultaneously reduced to zero, the solution values x1 x2 are determined from the voltage drops across Rs1, Rs2. The residuals may be displayed simultaneously by the cathode-ray apparatus described in Specification 754,113.
Patent GB-757786-A (GB)
Title: Improvements in or relating to grid electrode structures particularly for use in cathode ray tubes
IPC: H01J29/80
Filed: 1952-10-20
Abstract: 757,786. Colour television tubes. CHROMATIC TELEVISION LABORATORIES, Inc. Oct. 20, 1952 [Jan. 8, 1952; Oct. 23, 1952], No. 26212/52. Class 39 (1). An electrode structure for controlling the incidence of the electron beam on to the threecolour screen of a cathode-ray tube comprises a support frame with spaced beams defining the window area, each beam 25 being slotted to receive two comb members 35 formed with grooves 47 to the comb ends and pins 49 with L-shaped heads located in slots at the bottoms of the comb recesses 44 so that conductor wires can be strung in pairs or otherwise between the beams. The whole frame is supported by bracket members just in front of the multi-strip phosphor screen, and the impact thereon is controlled by applying different potentials to the conductor systems strung between the combs to vary the angle of incidence and control the focusing of the electron beam. Specifications 722,282, 757,071, 757,785 and 757,787 are referred to.
Patent GB-616387-A (GB)
Title: Improvements in the packeting of multiple piles of goods, in particular interleaved cigarette paper booklets
IPC: B65B11/02
Filed: 1946-09-02
Abstract: 616,387. Packaging ; boxes. CHAMBON, Ltd. Sept. 2, 1946, No. 26358. Convention date, July 2, 1945. [Classes 18 and 94 (i)] In a method for packaging a plurality of piles of articles, e.g., cigarette papers in the same cover, the piles are separated from one another by one or more portions of the cover itself such portions being raised by means of fingers passed through openings formed by raising the portions. As shown, piles of cigarette papers 4 and 5 are separated by tongues 2 formed of portions of the cover pushed upwards by fingers 8, the piles being maintained in position by rollers 6 and 7.
Patent GB-421793-A (GB)
Title: Steam or gas turbine blading for velocities below the velocity of sound
IPC: F01D5/14
Filed: 1934-09-13
Abstract: 421,793. Turbine blades. ESCHER WYSS MASCHINENFABRIKEN AKT.-GES., Zurich, Switzerland. Sept. 13, 1934, No. 26359. Convention date, Oct. 17, 1933. [Class 110 (iii)] Turbine blading S for velocities below the velocity of sound has the back of each blade so shaped that the width e of the stream at the inlet of a blade passage corresponds to the width m at the middle of the blade, this latter width being from 1À2 to 1À6 times greater than the width a at the outlet. The line EA joining the inlet and outlet edges intersects the centre line I at a point P the distance h of which from the back of the next blade is less than one fourth of the width m. The difference between the pressure at any point on the contour of the back of a blade and the static pressure at the outlet does not exceed 0À3 times the value of the dynamic pressure corresponding to the outlet velocity. In order to obtain a slight reaction effect the top and bottom of the passage may be inclined.
Patent GB-208603-A (GB)
Title: Improvements in mats, stair treads, carpets and wearing surfaces
IPC: A47G27/02
Filed: 1922-09-30
Abstract: 208,603. Gare, T., and Torkington, J. Sept. 30, 1922. Mats, stair pads, &c.- A mat, stair tread, carpet, or wearing surface is formed of rubber blocks 1 and, or bars of hollow cylindrical form or of rectangular form provided with longitudinal cylindrical holes, the blocks or bars being connected together at intervals by metal wires 2 provided with screwthreads and securing nuts 6. The blocks may have longitudinal ribs on the surface and also on their sides in which case the ribs interlock when the mat &c. is flat. The blocks may be of vulcanized rubber or moulded from waste rubber. If bars are used, they may be produced from vulcanized or waste rubber preferably in continuous lengths by means of a forcing machine.
Patent GB-1279580-A (GB)
Title: Filling of containers
IPC: B65B3/04
Filed: 1971-04-19
Abstract: 1279580 Packaging plastic substances KUSTNER FRERES & CIE SA 19 April 1971 [9 April 1970] 26454/71 Heading B8C Butter or margarine is extruded into a container 1 from a nozzle 2 which, when the container is full, is moved rapidly away from the container to break off the extruded mass. The nozzle has a grating 4 which, by dividing the extruded mass into several streams, ensures that the mass will break at the level of the grating. Filling may commence with the nozzle mouth 3 adjacent the bottom of the container, the nozzle and container then being relatively separated during filling. Alternatively, the nozzle and container may be relatively fixed during filling. To prevent distortion of the container walls, the container may be mounted in a perforated support 6 surrounded by a vacuum jacket 8. Alternatively, if the container is shallow, it may stand on a perforated plate to the lower side of which suction is applied. The container may be made of pressed aluminium foil or hot moulded plastics.
Patent GB-185972-A (GB)
Title: Improvements in lubricating appliances
IPC: F01B31/10
Filed: 1921-10-07
Abstract: 185,972. Hulburd Engineering Co., Ltd., and Tutt, M. W. Oct. 7, 1921. Lubricant conveyed by fluid.-In a device for supplying a mixture of steam and lubricant to the cylinders of steam-engines &c. in which the supply of steam is controlled by the supply of lubricant, steam is admitted to a mixing-chamber f through a nozzle e, around which lubricant is supplied through a passage j. Oil entering the device at b passes to the passage i through a spring-pressed valve k which is opened by the pressure of oil. Steam enters at c and passes to the nozzle e through a spring-pressed valve h which is opened by the engagement of a stem l of the valve k with a stem i of the valve h. The mixture passes to the outlet d through a choke plug p. In a modification, lubricant is supplied in front of the nozzle.
Patent GB-1078818-A (GB)
Title: Process for hydrolysing nitriles and for the recovery of nitrile-nitrogen
IPC: C01C1/00
Filed: 1964-06-26
Abstract: Nitriles are hydrolysed to the corresponding carboxylic acids and the ammonia also formed during the hydrolysis is recovered by subjecting the nitrile, together with water or a substance yielding water under the reaction conditions, to hydrolysis, e.g. at temperatures up to 250 DEG  C., in the presence of a molten salt melt comprising alkali metal and/or ammonium hydrogen sulphates or phosphates or mixtures thereof, separating the carboxylic acid formed, and heating the melt charged with ammonia to a higher temperature, e.g. 300 DEG  to 450 DEG  C., to recover the ammonia.  The salt melt may additionally contain neutral alkali metal suphates or phosphates and part of the salts in the melt may be present in solid form.  The removal of the ammonia may be assisted by passing an inert gas, e.g. N2, H2, air or steam through the melt. The process may be carried out in a continuous manner by recycling the melt (freed from ammonia) to the hydrolysis stage after cooling. Examples are given for the hydrolysis of acetonitrile, acrylonitrile, and adipic and terephthalic acid dinitriles.ALSO:Nitriles are hydrolysed to the corresponding carboxylic acids by subjecting them, together with water or a compound yielding water under the reaction conditions, to hydrolysis conditions in the presence of a molten salt melt comprising alkali metal and/or ammonium hydrogen sulphates or phosphates or mixtures thereof, separating the carboxylic acid formed and heating the melt charged with ammonia by-product to a higher temperature to recover the ammonia.  The melt which preferably comprises NH4HSO4, NaHSO4 or KHSO4 or potassium hydrogen phosphate (m.p. 253 DEG  C.) or a mixture of NaHSO4 and KHSO4 may also additionally contain neutral alkali metal sulphates or phosphates and it is not essential for the melt to constitute a homogeneous liquid phase since part of the salts may be present in solid form. The hydrolysis temperature should generally not exceed 250 DEG  C. and the removal of the ammonia is generally effected at between 300 DEG  and 450 DEG  C. and may be assisted by passing an inert gas, e.g. N2, H2, air, or steam, through the melt. The removal of the carboxylic formed can also be promoted by stripping with a carrier gas, e.g. steam, air, or N2.  Examples are given for the hydrolysis of acetonitrile, acrylonitrile, adipic acid dinitrile and terephthalic acid dinitrile and the process may advantageously be carried out in a continuous manner by recycling the melt (freed from ammonia) to the hydrolysis stage after cooling.
Patent GB-1055906-A (GB)
Title: Improvements in or relating to the production of strontium salts
Inventor: WINDLE WILLIAM
IPC: C22B26/20
Filed: 1964-06-26
Abstract: Strontium carbonate is prepared by separating substantially pure celestite (strontium sulphate) from crude celestite ore containing silica, clay, ferruginous material and gypsum as impurities by grinding the ore to a fine powder passing through a B.S. 200 mesh sieve and subjecting the ground ore to a froth flotation process in which a petroleum sulphonate is used as collector for the celestite, and reacting the substantially pure celestite with sodium carbonate to form the desired strontium carbonate.  The petroleum sulphonate may be an alkalimetal or an alkaline earth-metal salt of a petroleum sulphonic acid, e.g. a sodium petroleum sulphonate of general formula R.SO3.Na in which R is a polycyclic hydrocarbon with paraffin side chains. Sodium silicate may be added to the froth flotation cell as a dispersant and to control the pH and pine oil may be added as a frother.  The floated product may be subjected to further froth flotation to increase purfication.  An example of a process is given.
Patent GB-943643-A (GB)
Title: Improvements in or relating to roof, window and like lights
Inventor: WEIDNER EDWARD IAN
IPC: E04D13/03
Filed: 1960-07-30
Abstract: 943,643. Rooflight assembly. CORDAR Ltd. May 19,1961 [July 30, 1960], No. 26626/60. Heading E1J. A curb or upstand for a rooflight of the type described and claimed in Specification 829,442, comprises inner and outer shells 10, 11 of resin bonded fibreglass bonded together at upper and lower flanges 13, 12 and the cavity therebetween filled with insulating material 14. The outer shell has a covering of weather proofing material 15 which is anchored in recess 16.
Patent GB-713724-A (GB)
Title: A method of and an apparatus for transferring loops of knitted fabric on a knitting machine
Inventor: PIERRE EUGENE ST
IPC: D04B9/06
Filed: 1952-10-23
Abstract: 713,724. Knitting-machines. HEMPHILL CO. Oct. 23, 1952, No, 26629/52. Class 74(2) The invention relates to a method of transferring loops from one set of needles to another. As described in connection with a cylinder-and-dial machine, in transferring dial needle loops to cylinder needles, each cylinder needle is first raised so that its hook is in the same plane as the shank of the corresponding dial needle. Fig. 1. The two needles are then brought, into contact and the dial needle is projected so that the cylinder needle slides along and in contact with the dial needle until the cylinder needle engages a recess 4 in the dial needle, Fig. 3. This recess 5 is so shaped that a loop 5 on the dial needle extends across and without engaging in it when the needle is projected. The cylinder needle is then raised and passed through the loop extending across the recess Fig. 4. To enable the needles to be brought into contact the dial is eccentrically mounted with respect to the cylinder as is described in Specification 479,324.
Patent GB-1276480-A (GB)
Title: Coke quenching car
IPC: C10B39/04
Filed: 1971-04-19
Abstract: 1276480 Coke quenching cars SIMONCARVES Ltd 19 April 1971 26683/71 Heading F4B A coke quenching car incorporates an upper deck 22 receiving the coke from the coke guide 21, an intermediate deck 29 and a lower deck 33, a hinged discharge flap 49, water sprays 35 42 and 43 spraying the exposed coke surfaces 57, 39 and 41 and a stack 51 with gas cleaning sprays 55. The upper deck 22 widens outwardly from the coke guide end has inclined surfaces 23 sloping downwardly towards the sides and a central ridge on its top surfaces. The coke receiving space below the intermediate deck 29 widens lengthwise of the car (Fig. 2). Coke free spaces (36) thus formed and those above the slopes 39, 41 contain temperature measuring instruments which may be used to control the water supply to the sprays.
Patent GB-979020-A (GB)
Title: A truck or dolly device
IPC: B60B29/00
Filed: 1962-07-12
Abstract: 979,020. Devices for lifting road vehicle wheels. WALKER MANUFACTURING CO. July 12, 1962 [July 18, 1961], No. 26823/62. Heading B8H. A dolly 20, Fig. 1, for supporting vehicle wheels 124 whilst they are bolted to a stub axle 125 comprises L-shaped wheel-engaging members 50, 58 and 52, 60 which are moved up and down vertical guides 30, 32 by a jack 16 and may be pivoted about the axis of rollers 76 by assemblies 18. In use the dolly is moved forwards until arms 58, 60 engage below the wheel assembly and the jack 16, which need not be hydraulic, is operated by closing a bleed valve 128 and pumping a handle 130. During this operation rollers 76, 82, Fig. 2, move up the vertical guides. The wheels may be rotated to align the stud-holes since the support arms have rotatable sleeves carried on bearings 62. To bring the wheels into a plane perpendicular to the axis of the axle the arms 50, 58 and 52, 60 may be tilted either individually or together by pulling upwardly on handles 83. This moves rollers 82 upwards and pulls the tops of arms 50, 52 towards the guides 30, 32 thereby pivoting arms 58, 60 upwards about rollers 76. When the handles 83 are pulled up bearing- pins 80 supporting rollers 82 ride up along the surface 132 of a slot 94 to cam each retaining means 18 counterclockwise round its pivot 92 which is moving to the right in Fig. 2. To release retaining means 18 the handles are pulled upwards whilst simultaneously pushing handles 100 downwards.