Patent GB-1148155-A (GB)
Title: Multi-stage switching network
IPC: H04Q3/00
Filed: 1968-01-11
Abstract: 1,148,155. Automatic exchange systems. INTERNATIONAL STANDARD ELECTRIC CORP. 11 Jan., 1968 [23 Jan., 1967], No. 1740/68. Heading H4K. A multi-stage network providing a single path between any given inlet and any given outlet sets up such a path by marking the individual cross-point relays unique to the path in odd stages of the network while marking groups of cross-point relays in the even stages. As shown in Fig. 4, marking is effected with groups in stages A and C but is applied to specifically identified cross-points in stages B and D of a four-stage network between line circuits and junctors. The A and B stages together comprise 16 " planes " of A and B relay matrices, each plane containing an array of four A matrices linked to four B matrices and there being no links between A and B matrices in different planes. The C and D stages together similarly comprise 16 " planes " of C and D matrices. The links b from each A/B plane are distributed over the C/D planes. An A/B plane is shown in Fig. 2, the four A matrices are 16 x 8 with complementary pairs of outlets such as 0, 15, having access to different ones of pairs of a links to the four B matrices which are 8 x 4. Each C/D plane has four 4 x 4 C matrices linked to four 4 x 2 D matrices. In Fig. 4 all multiple points are numbered to indicate the extent of each multiple, the numbers of crosspoint relays in each stage and links between stages also being indicated. The dotted line connections and cancelled full line connections relate to an alternative marking system. Considered as three terminal devices, a relay winding and associated contact with a marking wire tapped off in between, the A and B cross-point relays are arranged back-to-back, the C and D cross-point relays being disposed back-to-back in the same fashion. With identification of an outlet, corresponding to a cut-off relay COR, and an inlet, corresponding to a junctor, the marker has sufficient information to set up the unique path between them. The inlet and outlet numbers are converted into instructions to operate one relay from each of the following sets of marking relays, the number of relays in each set being given in brackets; BB(4), DB(4), DA(32), CD(16), D(2), BC(4), BA(128), AA(8), B(2). Of these relay sets only relays BA and DA are shown. To select the particular D cross-point relay a relay contact tree is used employing the relay sets BB, DB and DA. The BB relay indicates which of four D matrix outlets is required while the DB relay indicates which D matrix. From the point of view of D matrix inlets this leaves two inlets in each of sixteen C/D matrix planes from which the given inlet must be determined. As shown in Fig. 5 the operated CD relay indicates the C/D matrix plane involved while the operated relay D selects the particular one of the 32 DA relays to mark that D cross-point relay bridging the required inlet and outlet in the D stage. Since the operated BB relay identifies which outlet of a D matrix is involved it also indicates the position of the C matrix in the C/D plane. As each C switch has its outlets distributed over four consecutive A/B planes the BB relay also indicates which set of four consecutive A/B planes is involved. The operated BC relay indicates which A/B plane out of any consecutive set of four is required. Looked at now from the point of view of B matrix inlets there are the 128 B cross-point relays of a known A/B plane to choose from. Since only one link exists between an A/B and a C/D plane, the operated CD relay identifies the B matrix inlet and the operated one of the B relays identifies the B matrix outlet as a member of a set of eight so that the B cross-point relay is determined. The choice from the 128 cross-points in the B stage is made by the contact tree of Fig. 5 in which the CD relay and B relay select one of 128 BA relays, contacts of which mark the wanted B cross-point in a circuit prepared to the A/B plane by the contact tree of relays BC and BB. In the stage C the marking diodes GC are multipled in four sets of 256, the crosspoints of each set corresponding to one of the four outlets of each C matrix. With a particular inlet to the C stage marked over the selected D stage relay only one diode GC lies in a path prepared by the operated BC relay and that is the diode associated with the C stage relay giving access to the wanted A/B plane. With the particular a link marked backwards over the B stage is remains to select the appropriate one of the eight cross-points in the A stage to which the a link is accessible. This is done by operation of an AA relay which connects up those marking diodes GA in a corresponding one of eight groups of 12. Since the complementary pairs of A stage outlets are served by mutually exclusive a links the determination of an A link carries with it the determination of one or other of the two sets of complementary A stage outlets. The marking circuit, with one out of each set of marking relays operated, connects the four cross-point relays appropriate to the connection between the network terminals in series between positive battery at the junctor end of the pull wire and earth at the line circuit end. All four relays consequently operate together. A cut-off relay COR responds and supplies negative battery which holds the path to earth from the junctor and allows the marker to retire. Instead of pulling all four cross-point relays in series they may be pulled up in two parallel branches as indicated by the dotted line connections and associated deletions. Diodes GB in the A/B to C/D plane links isolates the parallel pull circuits in each pair of stages.