baber/WOPTO huggingface dataset:
Patent GB-366997-A (GB)
Title: Improvements in the oxidation of hydrocarbons and waxes
Filed: 1930-10-15
Abstract: The destructive oxidation in the liquid state of difficulty volatile solid, semi-solid, or liquid non-aromatic hydrocarbons of at least 8 carbon atoms or mixtures of such hydrocarbons or waxes is effected by blowing with a gas containing free oxygen in the presence of from about 0,1 to 1 per cent by weight of the initial material of alkaline catalysts consisting of alkali metal compounds, the oxidation being carried on until the product has an acid value above 40 but not above 120, preferably between 80 and 120, and then interrupted.  Colourless products containing only very small amounts of hydroxycarboxylic acids and lactones, and suitable for further working up, for example, into soaps or emulsifying agents, are thus obtained.  Suitable initial materials include hard or soft paraffin wax, ceresine, heavy or middle oils, naphthene hydrocarbons, paraffin oil, petroleum fractions, gas oil, synthetically prepared hydrocarbons, products obtained by the destructive hydrogenation or low temperature carbonization of hard or soft coals, lignites, tars, or the like, and waxes such as montan wax.  The oxidation is preferably carried out at temperatures between about 120 and 180 DEG  C. in aluminium or non-corrodible special steel vessels filled with aluminium fillers reaching above the surface of the initial material, so that the oxidizing blast causes strong foaming.  The alkaline catalysts are preferably added before or shortly after the beginning of the oxidation reaction, the process being interrupted when about 50 per cent of the initial material has been converted to acids, corresponding usually to an acid value of from 80 to 120. Catalysts mentioned are caustic soda, potassium carbonate, and the sodium salt of a mixture of carboxylic acids obtained by the destructive oxidation of paraffin wax.  After separating the oxidized constituents of the product by suitable means, the unattacked initial material may again be subjected to oxidation. Examples are given. Specifications 142,507, 156,141, 303,268, 310,069, 324,189, [all in Class 2 (iii), Dyes &c.], and 347,620 are referred to.
Patent GB-1393617-A (GB)
Title: Piperidine-spiro-hydantoin derivatives
IPC: C08K5/34
Filed: 1972-07-03
Abstract: 1393617 Piperidine-spiro-hydantoins SANKYO CO Ltd 3 July 1972 [2 July 1971] 30942/72 Headings C2C and C2P [Also in Division C3] The invention comprises compounds of the formula in which X represents an oxygen or sulphur atom; n is an integer of from 1 to 4; and R represents, when n is 1, an alkenyl group (which may be halogen-substituted), an alkynyl group (which may be phenyl-substituted), an aralkyl group (which may be substituted with halogen, alkyl containing from 1 to 4 carbon atoms or halomethyl), a hydroxyalkyl group, an alkoxyalkyl group, an alkenyloxyalkyl group, an aryloxyalkyl group, an alkylthioalkyl group, an acyloxyalkyl group, an epoxyalkyl group, an N- alkyl-substituted aminoalkyl group, an alkoxycarbonylalkyl group, an aryloxycarbonylalkyl group, an aliphatic acyl group, an alkoxycarbonyl group, a phenoxy or alkoxy substituted phosphino group or a phenoxy or alkoxy substituted phosphinyl group, when n is 2, an alkenylene group containing from 4 to 18 carbon atoms, a dialkyleneether group, an aralkylene group, a bis-(acyloxyalkylene) group or an alkylene-bis-(oxycarbonylalkyl) group, when n is 3, a tris-(acyloxyalkylene) group, an alkanetris-(oxycarbonylalkyl) group or a group of formula in which each p is 1-8, or, when n is 4, a tetrakis-(acyloxyalkylene) group. These compounds may be prepared by the process where X 1  is halogen. The starting material above in which X is S is prepared by reacting 4-amino-4-cyano-2,2,6,6- tetramethylpiperidine with CS 2  and S in an organic solvent. The compounds of the invention are polymer stabilizers.
Patent GB-616806-A (GB)
Title: Improvements in or relating to electrical measuring instruments
IPC: G01R19/22
Filed: 1946-11-19
Abstract: 616,806. Current and voltage measuring instruments. REDMAN, J. C. Nov. 19, 1946, No. 31047/45. [Class 37] Fig. 1 shows an instrument for measuring alternating and direct currents and voltages without switching between the A.C. and D.C. circuits of the instrument, which is connected to a test circuit by terminals 7, 8. Switch 9 connects terminal 7 to primary 13 of transformer 14 to measure current, which if direct flows without hindrance to the meter movement 1 through resistances 3, 5 and inductance 6. A.C. flows through primary 13, but is prevented from flowing in the meter movement 1 by inductance 6, and the voltage induced in the secondary 18 is rectified by 21 and applied to the meter movement 1. To measure voltage, switch 9 connects terminal 7 through a series resistance 24 to primary 25. Direct voltage causes a current to flow to the meter movement through 24, 25, 5 and 6, while alternating voltage excites primary 25, but is excluded from the meter movement 1 by inductance 6. The secondary voltage of transformer 18 is rectified and applied to the meter movement 1. In a modification (not shown), multiple voltage and current ranges are obtained by means of a transformer having a number of current and voltage primary windings in conjunction with a tapped shunt and a number of series resistances. A.C. is excluded from the meter movement by diagonal connection of the latter across a bridge consisting of three resistances and the primary of a transformer having a secondary closed by a resistance, whereby the bridge is balanced on A.C.
Patent GB-446292-A (GB)
Title: Lawn-mower attachment for edge trimming
IPC: A01G3/06
Filed: 1934-10-30
Abstract: 446,292. Lawn-mowers; implements for working land. BARNARD, H. R., 72, Church Road, Heston, Middlesex. Oct. 30, 1934, No. 31055. [Classes 6 (i) and 6 (ii)] A lawn-mower attachment for use in cutting the edges of lawns comprises a shaped piece of flat metal adapted to be secured in position on one side of a lawn-mower and vertically beneath it so as to travel along the edge of the lawn under the overhanging grass to raise it into the path of the knives. The attachment may consist of a thin piece 1 of metal strengthened by a thicker piece 2. It may be straight or curved to suit the lawn edge, and the configuration of the top edge may vary from point to point to fit the various types of mower. The attachment is provided with a detachable or integral plough-like member 3 for opening up a gutter &c. The front edge 4 of the attachment is bent outwardly with the exception of a small straight piece 41 at the top. A top flange 5 gradually slopes upwardly to form a hump 6 which may be at any position along the length of the piece 1. A strengthening flange 7 may be provided along the bottom. The attachment may be secured by a slotted strip 8 fitting into a housing and secured by tightening a wing nut 18. For two-wheel mowers the attachment may be provided with an auxiliary roller to rest on the lawn when one wheel is over the edge.
Patent GB-669450-A (GB)
Title: Improvements in methods and apparatus for generating high-frequency current, in particular for medical purposes
IPC: A61N1/32
Filed: 1949-12-02
Abstract: 669,450. Electro-medical apparatus. TOUZEL, G. R. Dec. 2, 1949 [Dec. 9, 1948 ; Nov. 17, 1949], Nos. 31064/49 and 31065/49. Drawings to Specification. Class 81 (ii). Electro-medical apparatus comprises a generator of high-frequency current the output of which is rectified before application to the patient. In the apparatus described a push-pull electroncoupled oscillator is coupled through a variometer to a circuit in which a rectifier is connected in series with electrodes for connection to the patient. Provision is also made for by-passing the rectifier so that alternating current is supplied. Monitoring of the equipment is provided by a milliammeter or gas voltameter in series with the output circuit.
Patent GB-653551-A (GB)
Title: Improvements relating to level-cut grabs
IPC: B66C3/12
Filed: 1948-11-30
Abstract: 653,551. Grab-buckets. PRIESTMAN BROS., Ltd., and PRIESTMAN, S. H. Nov. 30, 1948, No. 31079. [Class 78 (iv)] The jaws of a grab of the type in which the jaws are brought together during the digging movement with a substantially straight line movement are channel-shaped in transverse section with a flat bottom which is substantially horizontal when the jaws are closed and with side walls outwardly inclined to the horizontal at an angle of between 20 and 60 degrees, and are open at their rear ends. As shown in Fig. 1, each jaw of a level-cut grab comprises a single metal plate bent to form a flat bottom, side walls 2 sloping outwardly at about 45 degrees to the flat bottom and surmounted by shallow vertical side walls to which are welded frame members 4 which project rearwardly of the side walls. The rear edges of the side walls are inclined in side view at an angle approximating to the natural angle of repose of.the material to be handled, here 45 degrees. The opening at the rear of the jaw is closed by a lid 9 hinged to lugs 10 and held closed only by its own weight. A tubular beam 8 extends between the members 4 and carries at its centre a pair of members 5 between which is mounted a pulley 35. On either side of the centre of the beam 8 is mounted a lug 11 by which the jaw is supported from a lazy-tongs framework described below. A digging shoe 15 at the forward end of the jaw is provided with a bevelled forward edge. The lazy-tongs framework which operates the jaws comprises two members 17, 18, Figs. 1 and 2, pivoted together at their centres and to further members 19, 20 at their ends. Each pair of members 19, 20 is pivoted at 22 to a T-shaped member 21 which carries lugs 44 to which the lugs 11 of one of the jaws are pivoted. The leg of each T-shaped member 21 is constrained to lie along the axis of the lazy-tongs by members 25 hinged at 26, 27 to the members 17, 18 and having a pin- and-slot connection 24 with the member 21. The grab is operated by ropes passing through the central pivot 45 of the lazy-tongs and comprising an opening rope 28 passing under pulleys 29 to the pivots 30 of members 31 pivoted at 32, 33 to the members 17, 18, and a closing and hoisting rope 37 passing under pulleys 34 and round the pulleys 35 on the jaws. The rope 37 may pass directly between the pulleys 35 or may be carried over a pulley 36 on the pivot 45. Ropes 38 each attached to the pivot 45 and passing over a pulley 39 on one of the members 21 to a pair of ropes 40 connected to one of the jaws tilt the jaws into the position shown in Fig. 1 when the jaws are opened.
Patent GB-287814-A (GB)
Title: An improved swing table for bedsteads and the like
IPC: A47B23/02
Filed: 1928-02-01
Abstract: 287,814. Saunders, A. Feb. 1, 1928. Invalids' desks.-A swing table for attachment to bedsteads &c. consists of brackets A, arms B, C, and a table D on slides E. The brackets A are clamped to a bed-post or like part. The middle part of the table D may be raised on pivots near either edge, provided with a book ledge, and secured by a backstay, the lower end of which engages with a rack on the underface of the table. When not required, the ledge may be removed from the desk D and placed on the arm B, in which holes K are made to receive the pegs by means of which it is attached to the desk.
Patent GB-1353933-A (GB)
Title: Tractors
IPC: B60K17/10
Filed: 1971-07-02
Abstract: 1353933 Tractors; vehicle suspension SWAZILAND AGRICULTURE MINISTRY OF 2 July 1971 [2 July 1970] 31210/71 Headings B7H and B7D A tractor has front steerable wheels 56 and rear driven wheels 24, a detachable and pivotable load carrying platform 70, an hydraulic pump 16 driven by a diesel or petrol engine (not shown), a fluid motor 28, Fig. 2, associated with each driven wheel 24, and a steering mechanism extending from adjacent the rear wheels to the front wheels. A driver's seat 18 is positioned over a box girder 14 which serves as an oil reservoir and adjacent a steering wheel 20 and fluid control lever 30.1. A steering shaft 32 actuates a steering box 38 connected to a steering rod 40 secured to a steering arm 42. The steering arm 42 actuates steering rods 44 each connected to a swivel pin 48 rotatable in a sleeve 50 carried by a transverse suspension arm 54 mounted on a stub shaft (58), Fig. 3 (not shown), and a shaft (68) to permit the wheels 56 to ride over uneven ground. Forward movement of lever 30.1 from a neutral position causes the motors 28 to be supplied with an increased amount of fluid to drive the tractor forwards; backward movement similarly causes reverse drive. Agricultural implements may be mounted between the front and rear wheels. In a modification, the front wheels may also be driven by fluid motors. In each case the motors may drive the axles 26 through chains and chain wheels.
Patent GB-926386-A (GB)
Title: Improvements in or relating to internal combustion engines
Inventor: LEUNIG GUNTHER
IPC: F02B3/00
Filed: 1959-09-14
Abstract: 926,386. Combustion chambers. GESELLSCHAFT FUR LINDE'S EISMASCHINEN A.G. Sept. 14, 1959, No. 31228/59. Class 7(3) A fuel-air mixture in which the fuel is largely in the form of liquid droplets enters a combustion chamber 1 through a tangential opening 1 which produces whirling of the mixture in the chamber 2 that the larger droplets are deposited on the chamber wall to form a fuel film which is evaporated by the whirling mixture. In Fig. 1 the combustion chamber wall 2 is of spiral crosssection and terminates in a sharp edge 8 off which any unvaporised portion of the fuel film is sprayed. Ignition may be initiated by the finer droplets collecting at the centre of the chamber, by a pilot injection of a small amount of atomised fuel, or by a spark plug. In a modification, Fig. 2, the chamber may be a body of revolution of the cross-section shown and the inlet passage 11 enters obliquely so that the air whirls along a lateral path, a sharp point 12 providing a spraying- off point for any unvaporised portion of the deposited fuel film.
Patent GB-973349-A (GB)
Title: Improvements relating to the manufacture of moulded boat hulls
Inventor: JAMES CLIFFORD GEORGE
IPC: B29C33/00
Filed: 1961-08-30
Abstract: 973,349. Moulding boats. FAIREY MARINE Ltd. Aug. 29, 1962 [Aug. 30, 1961], No. 31255/61. Heading B5A. [Also in Division B7] An internal mould for a boat comprises two or more mould pieces, e.g. 10, 11, 21 and 22 which when abutted together with one mould piece in contact with the moulding surface of another mould piece form a mould of one hull shape, at least one of the pieces, e.g. 10, being so shaped as to be usable independently of the remainder as a mould of a different shape. The mould pieces 10 and 11 are supported by distance pieces 14 and 16 on a steel base-plate 15 and located by pins 13. To provide a hull of a different contour pieces 21 and 22 are secured to the piece 10 by screws 25. The mould pieces may be provided with channels to receive stringers, frames &c. to which the hull skin is to be attached which may be cut away so that a newly moulded hull may be lifted vertically of the mould. The invention is applicable to a hot moulding process, using timber or other laminate material coated or impregnated with thermosetting synthetic resin, or to a process using cold-curing resins reinforced with glass fibre.
Patent GB-738400-A (GB)
Title: Improvements in or relating to soap-making
IPC: C11D13/02
Filed: 1952-12-10
Abstract: Soap is grained with an aqueous solution of an electrolyte which consists, at least in part, of an alkali hydroxide, and the neat soap so obtained is neutralized with a di- or poly-basic acid and/or an acid alkali salt thereof, the neutralization being carried out in the presence of such a small quantity of water that substantially no free nigre is formed.  Specified acids are phosphoric, boric, silicic, carbonic, sulphuric, citric, oxalic and phthalic acids, and specified salts are monosodium orthophosphate and acid alkali salts of polyphosphoric acids, e.g. acid tripolyphosphates.  The acids or salts may be used in powder form or in aqueous solution, and in the latter case a fatty acid, e.g. oleic acid, and/or a sulphonic acid, e.g. dodecylbenzene sulphonic acid, and/or an easily saponified fat and/or colophony may be dispersed in the solution.  Examples of the process are given and, in an explanation of the theoretical basis of the invention, reference is made to the relative graining effects of sodium hydroxide, sodium chloride, sodium acetate, sodium nitrate, sodium carbonate, sodium sulphate, sodium tetraborate, trisodium phosphate, sodium pyrophosphate, sodium silicate and potassium silicate.
Patent GB-600593-A (GB)
Title: Improvements in or relating to amphibian vehicles and endless tracks therefor
IPC: B60F3/00
Filed: 1945-11-21
Abstract: 600,593. Endless tracks for vehicles. FOOD MACHINERY CORPORATION. Nov. 21, 1945, No. 31309. Convention date, Jan. 8, 1942. [Class 79 (i)] [Also in Group XXXIII] An endless track for an amphibious vehicle comprises an endless belt carrying grousers, each consisting of a blade shaped like a pair of cups side by side opening rearwardly, the walls of the cups being substantially perpendicular to the endless belt. The two lateral extremities of the blade are preferably slightly inclined inwardly from normal with the endless track. As shown in Fig. 5, each grouser consists of a blade 50 shaped like a pair of cups 57, for land propulsion the edge of the cups engage the land, and for water propulsion the cups act as impellers, the efficiency being increased by inclining the outer extremities of the blade slightly inwardly and by providing the dividing edge 58 with a sharp edge. Each blade is integral with a base plate 55 provided with studs 51 and 52, which are bolted to pairs of transverse metal inserts 38, 39 which are embedded in a pair of endless rubber belts 35 and between which pass endless cables 36, so that when the nuts are tightened the metal inserts grip the cables. Intermediate the grouser securing bolts 51, 52 are additional pairs of clamping plates with bolts 53, 54. The centrally disposed bolts 52, 54 serve also to secure guide members 42. In a modification, Fig. 6, each grouser is formed in two parts, carried by separate base plates 71, 72, each separately bolted to the endless flexible belt ; in this form a central blade 75 provides additional support. In a further modification, (not shown), weight is saved by making the blades integral with the bottom clamping plates 39 and so dispensing with the separate base plates, 71, 72.
Patent GB-828604-A (GB)
Title: Improvements in or relating to low pressure electric discharge lamps
IPC: H01J5/02
Filed: 1956-10-15
Abstract: 828,604. Discharge lamps. GENERAL ELECTRIC CO. Ltd., BREADNER, R. L., and MILES, E. E. Oct. 15, 1957 [Oct, 15, 1956], No. 31330/56. Class 39(1). [Also in Group XXIII] A low pressure mercury vapour fluorescent discharge lamp, containing a rare gas for starting, has a discharge envelope 1 which is of oval cross-section for the major part of its length and is provided along said part with a series of corrugations 9, 10 perpendicular to the axis of the envelope, extending round at least the greater part of the circumference of the envelope, and including the regions of the circumference which have the smallest radius of curvature. The ends 2 of the envelope can be of circular, cross-section, and can be of such a large diameter that in normal operation of the lamp the temperature at said ends is maintained at a lower value than that of any part of the envelope between the lamp electrodes. Methods of forming the envelope are described and dimensions stated. As described in Specification 828,605 there can be mounted at each end of the envelope a shield so as to extend over the greater part of the envelope crosssection behind the electrodes. The shield can have heat reflecting properties and can be in the form of a polished disc of aluminium, or can be of dished shape. The electrode leads which pass through the shield can have insulating bushes. The rare gas filling for starting can be argon at a pressure of 3 mms., which can be wholly or partly replaced by one or more of xenon, krypton or neon, e.g. neon at a pressure of between 2 and 4 mms.
Patent GB-1566594-A (GB)
Title: Absorbent articles
IPC: A61F13/15
Filed: 1977-07-26
Abstract: The absorbent structure has a water-permeable inner layer (28) and a water-impermeable outer layer (24) between which an absorbent basic body (32) is arranged. The basic body (32) has a liquid-absorbing region (58) next to a central part thereof, and a hydrocolloid-containing region (60) spaced apart from the liquid-absorbing region (58). Thus, there is virtually no hydrocolloid in the liquid-absorbing region (58). As a result there is no layer preventing entry of more liquid in the liquid-absorbing region. In addition, remoistening of the liquid in the central region (58) is avoided. The absorbent structure can be used for nappies, clinical substrates or sanitary towels. <IMAGE>
Patent GB-348501-A (GB)
Title: Improvements in the manufacture of carburetted water gas
IPC: C10J1/213
Filed: 1930-10-20
Abstract: 348,501. Water gas generation. HUMPHREYS & GLASGOW, Ltd., Humglas House, Carlisle Place, London.- (Assignees of Perry, J. A. ; Swarthmore, Pennsylvania, U.S.A.) Oct. 20, 1930, No. 31395. Convention date, Nov. 20, 1929. [Class 55 (i).] The generator of a carburetted water gas set has a refractory pier within the fuel bed which stores heat from the "blow," so that during the " run," oil which is simultaneously sprayed on to the fuel bed, is partly vaporized by the heat of the pier, the mixed gases passing to storage. The fuel bed is blasted and followed by an up-run with steam supplied at inlet 9, oil being sprayed on to the top of the fuel bed through a pipe 12. The mixed gases are fixed in the carburetter 2 and pass to storage. A down-run may be made by steam introduced into the superheater 3 at inlet 11, the gases being taken off through connection 13. The cycle is then repeated.
Patent GB-1432022-A (GB)
Title: Surge control for a compressor
IPC: F04D27/02
Filed: 1973-07-02
Abstract: 1432022 Preventing compression surge UNITED AIRCRAFT CORP 2 July 1973 [20 July 1972] 31407/73 Heading F1C An anti-surge valve in a compression discharge line is operated by a first control responsive to the mass flow through the compressor, and a second control responsive to the rate of change of static pressure at the reduced area section of the compressor diffuser, the two controls acting independently or concomitantly on an actuator for positioning the valve, and the second control acting more rapidly than the first. An aircraft cabin air conditioning compressor 12 supplies air to a duct 16 via a diffuser 52 and a check valve 18, surge at low air-flow being prevented by a blow-off valve 22 operated by a servo actuator 24 of half area type. Engine bleed air is supplied from a line 31 at full pressure to the half-area chamber 32 of the actuator 24 and at reduced pressure to the fullarea chamber 34 via a potentiometer consisting of a restrictor 26 and a vent valve 30 which is held open by a diaphragm 56 subjected to a pressure rise P t -P s  occuring in the diffuser 52. When the mass flow through the compressor is reduced towards the surge condition, the resultant reduction of the diffuser pressure rise acting on the diaphragm 56 allows the vent valve 30 to close, thereby increasing the pressure in the chamber 34 whereby the actuator 24 opens the blow-off valve 22. A normally closed valve 28 for admitting engine bleed air at full pressure to the chamber 34 via lines 88, 64 is actuated by a diaphragm 72 subjected to the pressure P S  directly on one side and via a restrictor 82 on the other side. In the event of a sudden reduction of mass flow through the compressor, the resultant rapid rise of the pressure P S  causes a temporary inequality in the pressures on the two sides of the diaphragm 72, whereby the valve 28 is opened to provide rapid opening of the blow-off valve 22.