baber/WOPTO huggingface dataset:
Patent GB-1003091-A (GB)
Title: Imidazole derivatives
Inventor: PARNELL EDGAR WILLIAM
IPC: C07D233/92
Filed: 1962-10-30
Abstract: The invention comprises compounds of the formula <FORM:1003091/C2/1> wherein X is -CN, -COOR1 or -CONR2R3 in which R1 may be hydrogen, C1- 6 alkyl, which may carry a primary, secondary or tertiary amino group, or cycloalkyl, benzyl or a phenyl group, R2 may be hydrogen, a C1- 6 alkyl group, a C1- 6 hydroxyalkyl or a phenyl group or a 5- or 6-membered nitrogen containing heterocycle attached through carbon and R3 may be hydrogen or C1- 6 alkyl.  The invention includes the acid addition salts of the above compounds and, when X is -COOH, the salts with alkali metals, ammonia and amines.  The compounds are prepared by oxidation, e.g. with chromic acid or potassium permanganate, of compounds of the formula <FORM:1003091/C2/2> wherein Z is -CH2OH or -CHO, to give the carboxylic acid. The esters, X is -COOR1, are obtained by reacting the acid or its chloride, prepared by treating the acid with thionyl chloride or phosphorus pentachloride, with the desired alcohol. The amides are made by condensing an ester or the acid chloride with a suitable amine and the acetonitrile is obtained by dehydrating an amide, e.g. with phosphorus oxychloride.  The acid addition salts of compounds, and the alkali metal, ammonium and amine salts of the compounds wherein X is -COOH, are made by known methods. Numerous examples are provided. Compounds of the formula II wherein Z is -CHO are obtained by oxidation of the corresponding alcohols wherein Z is -CH2OH, or of the compounds <FORM:1003091/C2/3> wherein Q is hydrogen or lower alkyl or by hydrolysing acetals of the formula <FORM:1003091/C2/4> wherein R is hydrogen or lower alkyl which are made by reacting 2-methyl-5(or 4)- nitroimidazole with a compound HalCH2CH(OCH2R)2. Pharmaceutical compositions possessing antiprotozoal activity, containing at least one of the above compounds or their non-toxic acid addition salts may be administered orally, parenterally or topically in the form of tablets, pills, dispersible powders, granules, emulsions, solutions, suspensions, syrups, elixirs, capsules of absorbable material, creams, ointments, lotions, pessaries or ovules.
Patent GB-1067754-A (GB)
Title: Cathode ray tube
IPC: H01J31/12
Filed: 1963-10-17
Abstract: 1,067,754. Cathode-ray tubes. EGYESULT IZZOLAMPA ES VILLAMOSSAGI RESZVENYTARSASAG. Oct. 17, 1963 [Nov. 19, 1962], No. 41108/63. Heading H1D. A post - deflection acceleration cathoderay tube, having two pairs of deflection plates, includes a postdeflection acceleration electrode in the form of a conductive helix 10 extending over only a fraction of the distance from the second pair of deflection plates 9 to the screen 8; a plane screening electrode 22 arranged in front of the deflection plates 9 and in the space surrounded by the electrode 10, to screen the deflection system from the accelerating field; and a further post-deflection acceleration electrode which extends between the first electrode and the screen, and which may be in the form either of an uninterrupted coating 4 on the inner surface of the tube, or of a second helical electrode (26, Fig. 3(b), not shown) having its ends connected to external leads (27, 29), which may be connected together in one mode of operation. The helix 10 extends over only 10% to 30% of the distance from the deflection plates to the screen, and in the embodiment of Fig. 3(b) (not shown) the second helix is of larger pitch and of smaller resistance, whereby in either embodiment, the main post-deflection acceleration takes place over a restricted portion of the electron path. The arrangement permits the use of an increased post-deflection acceleration ratio, and reduces the dependence of deflection sensitivity on post-deflection acceleration potential: the action of the tube is discussed in terms of mutually compensating electron lens action, and dimensional and operating parameters are given. The screen electrode 22 may be a mesh, or an electrontransmitting metal foil.
Patent GB-1268849-A (GB)
Title: IMPROVEMENTS IN OR RELATING TO IMIDAZO[2,1-b]THIAZOLES
Inventor: HOULIHAN WILLIAM J
IPC: C07D513/04
Filed: 1969-07-14
Abstract: 1,268,849. 3-(4<SP>1</SP>-Chlorophenyl)-2-ethyl-3-hydroxy - 2,3,5,6 - tetrahydroimidazo[2,1- 6]- thiazole. SANDOZ Ltd. 14 July, 1969 [31 July, 1968; 10 Jan., 1969], No. 41447/71. Divided out of 1,268,848. Heading C2C. Novel 3-(4<SP>1</SP>-chlorophenyl)-2-ethyl-3-hydroxy- 2,3,5,6-tetrahydroimidazo[2,1-6]thiazole and its acid addition salts are prepared (i) by reacting a halo-alkyl p-chlorophenyl ketone of the general formula wherein X is a bromine or chlorine atom, with an imidazolidinethione or tautomer thereof of the general formula at below 50‹ C. in an inert solvent; (ii) by reacting 2 - ethyl - 5,6 - dihydroimidazo[2,1 - 6]thiazol- 3(2H)-one with an organometallic compound of the general formula wherein M is -Li or -MgBr, at below 50‹ C. in an inert solvent and in the absence of oxygen, and hydrolysing the resulting product; (iii) by reacting 2-mercapto-4<SP>1</SP>-chlorobutyrophenone with a 2-X-1-imidazoline at below 40‹ C. in an inert solvent; and (iv) by oxidizing p-chloro-α- [1-(1-imidazolin-2-ylthio)propyl]benzyl alcohol at below 30‹ C. in an inert solvent; followed optionally by converting the resulting free base to its acid addition salts or a resulting acid addition salt to the corresponding free base. 2 - Ethyl - 5,6 - dihydroimidazo[2,1 - 6]thiazol- 3(2H)-one is prepared by reacting ethyl α-bromobutyrate with 2-imidazolidinethione in the presence of an inert solvent and an acid-binding agent. p - Chloro - α - [1 - (1 - imidazolin - 2 - ylthio)- propyl]benzyl alcohol is prepared by reacting 2- bromo-1-p-chlorophenyl-butanol with 2-imidazolidinethione in an inert solvent. Pharmaceutical compositions having anorexic and antidepressant activity comprise, as active ingredient, 3 - (4<SP>1</SP> - chlorophenyl) - 2 - ethyl - 3- hydroxy - 2,3,5,6 - tetrahydroimidazo[2,1 - 6]- thiazole or its pharmaceutically acceptable acid addition salts, in association with a pharmaceutically acceptable diluent or carrier, and may be administered orally or parenterally.
Patent GB-1088467-A (GB)
Title: Receiver for characters transmitted with a parity test
Inventor: DUUREN HENDRIK CORNELIS ANTHON
IPC: H04L1/00
Filed: 1964-10-12
Abstract: 1,088,467. Error correction. DE STAAT DER NEDERLANDEN TEN DEZE VERTEGENWOORDIGD DOOR DE DIRECTEUR - GENERAL DER POSTERIJEN TELEGRAPHIE EN TELEFONIE. Oct. 12, 1964 [Oct. 15, 1963], No. 41489/64. Heading G4A. [Also in Division H4] In a binary data transmission system the data is transmitted in blocks of characters and each block is accompanied by a first parity check word derived from the block and by a second parity check word derived from both the block and the first word. In addition the data and check words are sent in a constant ratio code. At the receiver the data and check words are checked for constant ratio, and in known manner, repetition requested until the signals appear to be correct. The check words are then used to correct any one transposition occurring during the transmission. The transmitter generates the check words by means of feed-back shift registers. The receiver has similar shift registers, used for checking and correcting. The block of characters is stored in a further shift register which recirculates during the period, following reception, in which error correction takes place. In this period the checking register outputs are compared at the rate at which characters are shifted through the further register. In the event of a transposition the register outputs are identical when the incorrect character is in the first stages of the further register, and the parallel output from one of these registers, when added to the incorrect character, corrects that character.
Patent GB-900595-A (GB)
Title: Two-stage hydrocarbon cracking process
Inventor: WICKHAM HENRY PETTINER
IPC: B01J8/28
Filed: 1959-12-07
Abstract: <PICT:0900595/III/1> Two hydrocarbon feeds are cracked by passing the first with a suspended solid, preferably a catalyst, through a first cracking zone at elevated temperature, discharging the cracked feed and solid into a dense fluidized bed of the solid and passing the second feed through the fluidized bed at a lower temperature than in the first cracking zone.  The first feed which is preferably a fresh feed enters via line 48 and entrains regenerated catalyst from the regenerating bed 6 and which has been stripped in the well 42.  The feed and catalyst pass up the transfer line reactor 56 at 900 DEG -1050 DEG F. and 30-60 feet per second giving a contact time of 1 to 2 seconds.  The direction of flow is converted to horizontal by the use of a "bird cage" as illustrated or baffles at the end of the reactor into a dense fluidized bed 4.  The second hydrocarbon which may be a recycle stock is injected by line 68 and fluidizing steam by line 72.  The bed is maintained at 50 DEG -100 DEG F. below that in the reactor 56, e.g. 850 DEG -950 DEG F. and the velocity of the hydrocarbon is 0,5-3 ft./sec. to give a contact time of 3-20 seconds. Products are recovered via the cyclone 62 and line 64.  Used catalyst passes via slots 12 into stripping section 8 and thence through standpipe 18 to the regenerating bed 6 which preferably contains 1,5-6 times as much catalyst as the reactor bed 4.  Regenerating gas is injected by pipe 24.  The catalyst is preferably silica promoted with alumina, boria, magnesia or zirconia.  Overall pressures of 0-50 p.s.i.g., space velocities of 0,25-100 wt./wt./hr. and catalyst to oil weight ratios of 1-30 are used.
Patent GB-1206894-A (GB)
Title: Improvements in or relating to an indicator for detecting differential pressure levels
IPC: G01L7/16
Filed: 1968-08-30
Abstract: 1,206,894. Pressure gauges. KENT-TIEGHI S.p.A. Aug.30, 1968 [Sept.8, 1967], No.41577/68. Heading G1L. In a device for detecting and indicating a difference of pressure and the direction thereof in excess of a given minimum difference between two pneumatic signals the pressure levels of the signals P 1 , P 2  are applied respectively to inlets 38, 39 at the bottom of glass tubes 33, 34 and through crossover tubes, Fig. (not shown), to inlet 41 at the top of tube 34 and inlet 40 at the top of tube 33 so that the pressure difference and direction is indicated by the upward displacement of one of the balls 36 or 37.
Patent GB-1270864-A (GB)
Title: Flux for use in soldering of stainless steels
IPC: B23K35/26
Filed: 1969-08-21
Abstract: 1,270,864. Soldering. LAKE CHEMICAL CO. 21 Aug., 1969 [2 May, 1969], No. 41816/69. Heading B3R. [Also in Division C7] A stainless steel soldering flux comprises a major proportion of orthophosphoric and/or phosphorous acid and a minor proportion of finely divided Cu and/or Cu salts. The acid may be 70-72% phosphorous acid or 40-115%, preferably 75-105%, orthophosphoric acid. The Cu salts may be the acetate, basic cupric chromate, cupric dichromate copper carbonate, salicylate, cupric phosphite, cupric phosphate and complexes with ammonia or amines in an amount of 1-40% of the acid. The Cu content is 1-10% of the acid content. 20- 60% of optional constituents, e.g. ammonia, organic amines and ammonium phosphate and 2-25% of non-ionic surfactants may be present. Halides, sulphates and nitrates of Cu are preferably absent. The flux may be a solution, a solid or a paste and is used for soldering stainless steel to Cu and its alloys, stainless and non-stainless steels. Conventional Pb-Sn solders are used.
Patent GB-1091902-A (GB)
Title: Improvements in or relating to vehicle or trailer bodies
IPC: B60P1/38
Filed: 1963-10-24
Abstract: 1,091,902. Platform vehicles. W. E. TYRER, and H. HALSALL. Jan. 25, 1965 [Oct. 24 1963; Dec. 13, 1963], Nos. 41946/63 and 49237/63. Heading B7B. A vehicle having a discharge conveyer 20 covered when not in use by one or more boards 56 has sloping panels 26, 28 pivoted at 40 on supports 42 so that they may be moved from the position shown in full lines where they are supported by struts 30 to the horizontal dotted line position where they are again secured by re-fixing the bolts 38 to suitable holes in the struts 30. The space between the panels may then be filled by the boards 56 or by a separate panel. Removable side and end panels 48, 50 and 46 may also be provided and the body may be mounted for vertical movement relative to the chassis on two pairs of pivoted links.
Patent GB-1462496-A (GB)
Title: Alkylmercaptomethylquinoxaline 1,4-dioxides and derivatives thereof
IPC: A23K20/195
Filed: 1974-09-27
Abstract: 1462496 Quinoxaline dioxide derivatives PFIZER Inc 27 Sept 1974 [23 Jan 1974] 42195/74 Heading C2C Novel compounds of formula where R is H or CH 3 , Y is C 1-4  alkyl and n is 0, 1 or 2, are prepared by (1) reacting a 2-methyl or 2,3-dimethyl-quinoxaline dioxide with Br 2  or Cl 2  to give a 2-bromomethyl or 2-chloromethyl derivative and reacting this with YSH; (2) reacting the bromomethyl or chloromethyl compound with a tertiary amine to give a quaternary ammonium compound which is then reacted with YSH; (3) forming a compound of Formula I in which R is carbalkoxy by method (1) or (2) and hydrolysing and thermally decarboxylating this; (4) oxidizing the 2-alkylthiomethyl compounds to the corresponding alkylsulphinyl or alkylsulphinyl compounds. Intermediate compounds isolated in the above reaction have the formula X being H in every case; R 1 =H and R 2  = -CH 2 Br, or -CH 2 N<SP>+</SP>(CH 3 )Br<SP>-</SP>; R 1 =CH 3  and R 2 =-CH 2 Br or -CH 2 N<SP>+</SP>(CH 3 ) 3 Br<SP>-</SP>; R 1 = -COOCH 3  and R 2 =-CH 2 Br, -CH 2 SCH 3 , -CH 2 SC 2 H 5 , -CH 2 SC 3 H 7 -n, -CH 2 S(O)CH 3 , -CH 2 SO 2 CH 3 , -CH 2 SO 2 C 2 H 5 , -CH 2 SO 2 C 3 H 7 - -n or -CH 2 SO 2 C 4 H 9 -n; R 1  = -COOC 4 H 9 - -n and R 2  = -CH 2 SCH 3 , -CH 2 S(O)CH 3 , -CH 2 SO 2 CH 3 , -CH 2 SC 4 H 9 -n or -CH 2 S(O)C 4 - H 9 -n; and R 1  = COOC 2 H 5  and R 2  = -SCH 2 CH 3 . The novel compounds of Formula I are used as industrial antimicrobials, e.g. in water treatment, slime control, paints and wood preservatives, as disinfectants or in pharmaceutical compositions for topical, oral or parenteral administration and as animal growth promoters.
Patent GB-906070-A (GB)
Title: 5-nitro-2-furamides
IPC: C07D307/73
Filed: 1959-12-11
Abstract: The invention comprises N-benzyl-5-nitro-2-furamide and N-(5-nitro-2-furoyl)-morpholine and their preparation by reacting 5-nitro-2-furoyl chloride with benzylamine or morpholine respectively.  The products have antibacterial activity. 5-Nitro-2-furoyl chloride is prepared by treating 5-nitro-2-furoic acid with phosphorus pentachloride.
Patent GB-1128031-A (GB)
Title: A process for the oxidation of olefins and catalyst therefor
IPC: C07C45/35
Filed: 1965-10-05
Abstract: 1,128,031. Oxidation of olefines. NIPPON KAYAKU K.K. 5 Oct., 1965 [6 Oct., 1964; 7 Dec., 1964; 5 June, 1965; 9 July, 1965], No. 42263/65. Heading C2C. [Also in Division B1] Propylene and/or isobutylene are oxidized by reaction in the vapour phase at a temperature of from 250‹ to 450‹ C. and a pressure of from 0À5 to 10 atmospheres with air and/or oxygen in the presence of a catalyst of empirical formula Ni a Co b Fe c Bi d P e M of O o , where a is to 0 to 20, 6 is 0 to 15, a+b is 2 to 20, c is 0À1 to 7, d is 0À1 to 4, e is 0À1 to 2, f is about 12, g is 35 to 85. The reaction may be carried out in the presence of steam, and the mole ratios of oxygen, steam and olefin may be 0À5-8: 1-20: 1. Examples relate to production of acrolein and acrylic acid, methacrolein and methacrylic acid.
Patent GB-1526040-A (GB)
Title: Apparatus for granulating synthetic thermoplastic materia
IPC: B29C48/04
Filed: 1975-09-29
Abstract: 1526040 Insulated extrusion granulator die plate SHELL INTERNATIONALE RESEARCH MAATSCHAPPIJ BV 29 Sept 1975 [30 Sept 1974] 42347/74 Heading B5A A thermal insulation member 12, Fig. 1, is located on the downstream face of a heated extrusion die plate 10 which is provided with holes 14 through which thermoplastics, e.g. high density polyethylene or polypropylene, is extruded into a water cooling chamber 17, to be cut into granules by blades 16 of cutter knives 15 which rotate across the downstream face of the member 12, the member providing cavities adjacent the die holes 14 to which water passes from the chamber 17, to be turned into steam by heat from the die to function us a thermal insulant. A coating or sheathing of wear resistant tungsten carbide, or chromium, may be provided in the area of the member swept by the blades. The member 12 may wholly, or partly comprise porous stainless steel or tungsten carbide, as in Fig. 1, of which the pores comprise the cavities, and may include bushings 13 forming the downstream parts of the holes 14 and, in the area contacted by the blades 16, may comprise a hard metal cladding.  The cavities may alternatively comprise grooves, either in the adjacent face of the die plate 10 or, as in the Fig. 3 embodiment, in the adjacent face of the member in which concentric grooves are interconnected by grooves extending radially to the edge of the member 19, to provide access for water from the chamber. The die 11 is heated by chambers 18 for the passage of steam, or oil.
Patent GB-1269258-A (GB)
Title: Production of flat structural sandwich constructions
IPC: B32B27/00
Filed: 1969-08-26
Abstract: 1,269,258. Laminates. BADISCHE ANILIN- & SODA-FABRIK A.G. 26 Aug., 1969 [27 Aug., 1968], No. 42446/69. Heading B5N. A method for the production of a flat structural sandwich comprises continuously preparing sheeting 4 by means of a screw extruder 2 at a material temperature of from 120 to 220 C. from a polyethylene having a density of from 0.918 to 0.930 g./cm.<SP>3</SP> and melt index (ASTM D 1238-65 T) of from 0.2 to 5, continuously covering the sheeting on each surface by a pair of rollers 7 with a film 6 having a thickness of 0À01 to 0.2 mm. of a terpolymer containing 60 to 90% by weight of ethylene units, 0.5 to 20% by weight of units of an ethylenically unsaturated carboxylic acid e.g. acrylic acid and 0À5 to 20% by weight of units of an ester of an ethylenically unsaturated carboxylic acid e.g. t-butyl acrylate, the resultant laminate being continuously covered on each surface by a pair of rollers 9 with metal sheeting 8 e.g. aluminium, copper, brass or steel, having a thickness of from 0.05 to 2.5 mm. and at a temperature of from 100 to 250 C., the whole being bonded into a sandwich construction by the rollers 9 under a pressure of from 5 to 50 kp/cm., the product being cooled in cooling zone 10 to a temperature of less than 60 C. and cut into panels by cutting means 11.
Patent GB-1373438-A (GB)
Title: Multi-stage dry-running reciprocating compressor
IPC: F04B39/04
Filed: 1972-09-14
Abstract: 1373438 Multi-stage reciprocating compressors BROWN BOVERI and CIE A G 14 Sept 1972 [17 Sept 1971] 42731/72 Heading F1N A dry-running multi-stage reciprocating compressor is provided with a condenser, e.g. 2 or 21, between at least one pair of successive stages, the condensate collected in the or each condenser being arranged to drain into the higher of the two stages between which the or each condenser is connected. The condensate is stated to act as a lubricant and sealant for the pistons. The condensers 2, 21 are in the form of coiled tubes connected, respectively, between the first and second, and second and third stages. The compressor shown has a differential piston 1 which includes an inlet valve 6 and which performs first and second stages of compression, the third stage being performed by a ringless piston 3 carried by the piston 1.
Patent GB-1501483-A (GB)
Title: Semiconductor device
IPC: H01L21/00
Filed: 1975-10-17
Abstract: 1501483 Semi-conductor devices HITACHI Ltd 17 Oct 1975 [18 Oct 1974] 42777/75 Heading H1K An isolation region 12, which separates semiconductor layers 101 and 102 carried on a semi-conductor substrate 4 and a semi-conductor layer 5, comprises a polycrystalline insulating region 11 above a groove filled with oxide material 9. The region 11 may be formed by polycrystalline growth above the oxide region 9 during epitaxial growth of layers 101 and 102.
Patent GB-890203-A (GB)
Title: Improvements relating to tool grinding fixtures
IPC: B24B41/06
Filed: 1960-12-13
Abstract: 890,203. Grinding. HARIG MANUFACTURING CORPORATION. Dec. 13, 1960 [Sept. 20, 1960], No.42821/60. Class 60. A grinding fixture for holding a tool, e.g. a shaped punch 34, Fig. 1, comprises a block 11 mounted on a base plate 10, the block supporting spaced guide plates 30, which are rotatable about a horizontal axis, and a tool holder 12 vertically adjustable in the guides 30, having a means for moving the holder in the guides and also for providing frictional engagement with the guides during the vertical adjustment of the holder 12. A face-plate 22 is secured by bolts 23 to an indexing plate 14 which has a rearwardly projecting sleeve 19, a shaft 20 extending from the face-plate through the sleeve and carrying a handle 21 by which the face and indexing plates are rotatable within the bore 13 of the block 11 on bearings 25. Adjustable stops 27, 28 clampable to the peripheral edge of the face plate, may engage a slidable stop 29 to limit the rotation of the faceplate and a V-block 32 forming the base of the tool-holder 12 which is secured to a clamping plate 37 by a bolt 42 having a spring 45 inserted between its head and a recess for the block 32. The clamping plate 37 is grooved to engage with flanges 31 formed on the guide plates 30. The sides of the V-block 32 are grooved at 47 to provide alternative engagement faces for the inturned ends of a yoke 49 which carries a setscrew 50 whereby the tool 34 may be firmly held on the block 32. The bolt 42 and the spring 45 clamp the tool-holder 12 in frictional engagement with the flanges 31 while vertical adjustment is being effected by the toothed shank of an adjustment bolt 53, the head of which projects from one of the quide plates 30 whilst the toothed portion 52 engages a rack 51 cut into the inner end of the block 32. After adjustment the bolt 42 is tightened to secure the tool-holder to the guides 30. The base 10 is adapted to be mounted on a magnetized table and held firmly thereon in the required grinding relation to the grinding tool or wheel. The angularly adjusted position of the plate 22 and tool holder may be locked by a latch 15.
Patent GB-429110-A (GB)
Abstract: 429,110. Calculating - - machines. GUSTAFSSON, E. V., 1, Duvkulla, St. Essingen, and HELLGREN, G. H., 14B, Kaptensgatan, Malm÷, both in Sweden. Nov. 24, 1933, No. 32952. Convention date, Dec. 6, 1932. [Class 106 (i)] Setting mechanism for a calculating-machine comprises a selector having tongues acting as stops, the ends of the tongues, which serve as indicators, being normally located externally of the housing of the selector and internally of the calculating machine and being placed on to bars or rods or a slotted plate upon the simultaneous further extrusion of the tongues from the selector and the denominational displacement of the selector, the indicating ends of the stops thus becoming visible. The depression of a key pushes up a tongue 1, and the simultaneous movement of the selector carriage 2 causes the tongue to engage a slot 5 in a plate 6 and allows a numeral on the end 1a of the tongue to become visible through a window 8. Instead of carrying numerals the ends of the tongues may be formed as pointers which indicate against numerals provided on the plate 6 adjacent the slots 5. The plate 6 may be replaced by a series of parallel rods on which the selector tongues slide. Specification 395,106 is referred to.
Patent GB-1376318-A (GB)
Title: Beer compositions
IPC: C12C5/02
Filed: 1972-09-15
Abstract: 1376318 Prevention of gushing in beer PFIZER Ltd 15 Sept 1972 [18 Sept 1971] 43590/71 Heading C6E Gushing in beer is reduced or prevented by the inclusion of one or more saturated monohydric aliphatic alcohols containing 10-20 carbon atoms inclusive. Preferred alcohols are lauryl and myristyl which may be present in an amount of 0.5-10 p.p.m. a mixture of which may be derived from hydrogenation of coconut oil. The alcohol may be added direct or mixed with an additive, especially an isomerized hop extract.