Patent GB-858082-A (GB)
Title: Fat soluble vitamin compositions
IPC: A61K31/59
Filed: 1959-05-07
Abstract: A stable fat-soluble vitamin composition in the form of small, substantially solid spheroidal particles, for supplementing animal feeds, comprises; (a) a normally solid wax-like material having a melting point of at least 45 DEG C., (b) a fat soluble vitamin A and/or D containing material, (c) an edible surfactant, (d) an edible antioxidant, and (e) a hygroscopic polysaccharide, the quantities by weight being such that (a) accounts for from 10-70%, (c) for between 0,5 and 60%, (e) for 0,5 and 35% and (c) plus (e) together for between 20 and 80% of the total weight of the particles of which substantially all will pass through a 10 mesh (U.S. Sieve Series) screen but will be retained by a 100 mesh screen.  Examples of component (a) given include fatty acids and their esters including glycerides, vegetable and mineral waxes, hydrogenated oils, e.g. coconut, cottonseed, peanut, soybean, menhaden and sardine oils.  It is preferred that the iodine value of (a) is between 0 and 10 preferably not greater than 5. Component (b) may be any natural or artificially produced source of vitamin A or D, e.g. activated sterols such as ergosterol, irradiated 7-dehydrocholesterol, vitamin A alcohol or esters, synthetic vitamin A, fish and fish liver oils and concentrates thereof, precursors of vitamin A, e.g. carotene, the quantity used preferably being sufficient to give the composition a potency of at least 1000 vitamin A units per gram or 100 units per gram of vitamin D.  The surfactant (c) may be a polyethylene glycol-fatty acid ester, esters of sorbitans or mannitans with a fatty acid having from 8 to 22 carbon atoms or lecithin (preferred). The antioxidant (d) may be any of those conventionally used in oil-soluble vitamin compositions, e.g. propyl gallate, butylated hydroxy anisole or toluene, nordihydroguairetic acid, vitamin E, mixed tocopherols, natural antioxidants of the types disclosed in Specifications 550,983, 553,328, 590,090 and U.S.A. Specifications 2,396,680, 2,396,681 and 2,433,593.  The antioxidants may be used in admixture with substances having a synergistic action therewith, e.g. lecithin, citric acid, alkyl phosphates.  Examples of the hygroscopic polysaccaharide (e) given include the synthetic product known by the trade-name "Polyose" (preferred) and those derived from natural sources, e.g. aliginate, agar kelp, irish moss and gums such as arabic, guar and ghatti.  Vegetable flours may also be present.  The compositions of the invention are preferably prepared in the form of "solid solutions" e.g. by heating to give a fluid mass which may be formed into spheroids by spraying or by centrifugal motion. U.S.A. Specification 2,777,798 also is referred to.ALSO:A stable fat-soluble vitamin composition in the form of small, substantially solid spheroidal particles comprises; (a) a normally solid wax-like material having a melting point of at least 45 DEG C., (b) a fat soluble vitamin A and/or D containing material, (c) an edible surfactant, (d) an edible antioxidant, and (e) a hygroscopic polysaccharide, the quantities by weight being such that (a) accounts for from 10-70%, (c) for between 0,5 and 60%, (e) for 0,5 and 35% and (c) plus (e) together for between 20 and 80% of the total weight of particles of which substantially all will pass through a 10 mesh (U.S.A. Sieve Series) screen but will be retained by a 100 mesh screen.  Examples of component (a) given include fatty acids and their esters including glycerides, vegetable and mineral waxes, hydrogenated oils, e.g. coconut, cottonseed, peanut, soybean, menhaden and sardine oils.  It is preferred that the iodine value of (a) is between 0 and 10 preferably not greater than 5.  Component (b) may be any natural or artificially produced source of vitamin A or D, e.g. activated sterols such as ergosterol, irradiated 7-dehydrocholesterol, vitamin A alcohol or esters, synthetic vitamin A, fish and fish liver oils and concentrates thereof, precursors of vitamin A e.g. cniotene, the quantity used preferably being sufficient to give the composition a potency of at least 1,000 vitamin A units per gram or 100 units per gram of vitamin D.  The surfactant (c) may be a polyethylene glycolfatty acid ester, esters or sorbitans or mannitans with a fatty acid having from 8 to 22 carbon atoms or lecithin (preferred).  The antioxidant (d) may be any of those conventionally used in oil-soluble vitamin compositions e.g. propyl gallate, butylated hydroxy anisol or toluene, nor-dihydroguaisetic acid, vitamin E, mixed tocopherols natural antioxidants of the types described in Specifications 550,983, 553,328, 590,090 and U.S.A. Specifications 2,396,680, 2,396,681 and 2,433,593.  The antioxidants may be used in admixture with substances having a synergistic action therewith e.g. lecithin, citric acid, alkyl phosphates.  Examples of the hygroscopic polysaccharide (e) given include the synthetic product known by the trade-name "Polyose" (preferred) and those derived from natural sources, e.g. aliginate, ogar, kelp, irish moss and gums such as arabic, guar and ghatti. Vegetable flours may also be present.  The compositions of the invention are preferably prepared in the form of "solid solutions" e.g. by heating to give a fluid mass which may be formed into spheroids by spraying or by centrifugal motion.