Patent GB-461747-A (GB)
Title: Wetting agents for alkali lyes
IPC: D06M11/38
Filed: 1935-08-23
Abstract: A wetting-agent for use in alkali lyes capable of transforming cellulose into alkali cellulose consists of a naphthenic acid and a hydrocarbon containing six or more carbon atoms and/or its water- and alkali-insoluble halogen or ether derivatives, with the further addition of a phenolic and/or non-phenolic dispersing agent, if desired, the hydrocarbon and/or its derivative being more than 5 per cent of the combined wetting agent.  According to examples, mercerizing lyes are made up with crude or purified naphthenic acid fractions from petroleum together with (1) a petroleum hydrocarbon mixture; (2) technical cymene; (3) chlorbenzene, or chlorinated paraffin; (4) decahydronaphthalene; (5) tar phenol ethyl ether; (6) turpentine oil; (7) kerosene oil; (8) gas oil; (9) heavy camphor oil; (10) a petroleum hydrocarbon mixture and a sulphonated castor oil; (11) decahydronaphthalene and technical xylenol; (12) monochlorbenzene and xylenol; (13) di-isoamylether and xylenol; (14) technical cymene and xylenol; (15) anisol and xylenol; (16) ethyl ethers of monochlorcresol and sulphonated castor oil; (17) di-isoamylether and sulphonated castor oil; (18) di-isobutylene and sulphonated castor oil; (19 a -methylnaphthalene and sulphonated castor oil; (20) hydrogenated turpentine oil, and sulphonated castor oil; (21) turpentine and sulphonated castor oil; (22) heavy camphor and sulphonated castor oil; (23) tetrahydronaphthalene and sulphonated castor oil; (24) chlorbenzene and sulphonated castor oil; (25) o-chlortoluene and sulphonated castor oil; (26) brombenzene or chlornaphthalene and sulphonated castor oil; (27) 1 : 3 : 4-trichlorobenzene and sulphonated castor oil; (28) xylene or solvent naphtha and sulphonated castor oil; (29) heavy benzene and sulphonated castor oil; (30) hexane or cyclohexane and sulphonated castor oil; (31) tetrahydrobenzene and sulphonated castor oil; (32) tar-phenol ethyl ether and sulphonated castor oil; (33) chlorinated paraffin oil and sulphonated castor oil; (34) acid sulphuric ester of ethylene glycol monobutylether and turpentine; (35) petroleum hydrocarbons and acid sulphuric ester of ethylene glycol monobutyl ether; (36) petroleum hydrocarbons and diethylene glycol monobutyl ether-acid sulphuric ester; (37) petroleum hydrocarbons and technical xylenols; (38) chlorcresols and chlorbenzene; (39) tar phenols and petroleum hydrocarbons; (40) cymene-sulphonic acid and cymene; (41) resorcinol monomethylether and petroleum hydrocarbons; (42) isovalerianic acid and petroleum hydrocarbons; (43) solvent naphtha and sulphonated castor oil; (44) xylenol and tetrahydronaphthalene; (45) a sulphurized phenol and decahydronaphthalene; (46) xylenols and cymene; (47) decahydronaphthalene and p-toluene sulphamide; further hydrocarbons or derivatives thereof specified include also limonene, eucalyptus oil; naphthalene; and halogenated olefines. As further dispersing agents which may be added, the following are specified: cresols, ethylphenols, carvacrol, halogenated phenols, guaiacol, and the naphthols; aromatic sulphonic acids, aliphatic sulphonic acids, sulphonic acids of ethers, aliphatic monocarboxylic acids, acid sulphuric esters of alcohols.  Tables are given comparing the properties of the mercerizing solutions with those of solutions made up with known wetting compositions. Specifications 173,313, 263,117, [both in Class 2 (iii)], 359,399, 378,194, 382,373, and 390,824 are referred to.