Patent EA-001318-B1 (EA)
Title: Projectile or warhead
Inventor: KELLNER GERD
IPC: F42B12/34
Filed: 1997-12-22
Abstract: 1. A projectile or war-head for combatting armoured targets, comprising a bulging medium (1) in the form of a material which is substantially terminalballistically ineffective; and an outer body (2) radially encompassing the bulging medium (1) and made from a penetration material which is considerably more terminal-ballistically effective. 2. A projectile or war-head as defined in claim 1, wherein the two materials show a considerable difference concerning the density. 3. A projectile or war-head as defined in claim 1, and further comprising a massive penetrator (6) arranged centrally in the bulging medium (1). 4. A projectile ar war-head as defined in claim 1, wherein the bulging medium (1) is made entirely or partly of a material selected from the group consisting of light metal and an alloy thereof, a fibre-reinforced plastic material, a duroplastic or thermoplastic plastic material, an elastomeric material, a dense and dynamically soft metal or a metal compound, and powdery materials. 5. A projectile or war-head as defined in claim 1, wherein the bulging medium (1) contains a material with porphyrous effect. 6. A projectile or war-head as defined in claim 1, wherein the bulging medium (1) contains a material with explosive effect. 7. A projectile or war-head as claimed in claim 1, wherein the bulging medium is made of a mixture from components selected from the group consisting of light metal and alloys thereof, fibre-reinforced plastic material, duroplastic or thermoplastic plastic material, elastomeric material, dense and dynamically soft metal and a metal compound, powdery material, material with porphyrous effect, and material with explosive effect. 8. A projectile or war-head as defined in claim 1, wherein the bulging medium (1) is entirely or partly liquid. 9. A projectile or war-head as defined in claim 1, wherein the bulging medium (1) is pressed, injected, cast or introduced by pressure below atmospheric into the outer body (2). 10. A projectile or war-head as defined in claim 1, wherein the bulging medium (1) is made entirely or partly of prefabricated structures. 11. A projectile or war-head as defined in claim 1, wherein the bulging medium (1) is made entirety or partly of two or more components which are slid into one another. 12. A projectile or war-head as defined in claim 1, wherein the bulging medium (1) is made entirely or partly of two or more components which are arranged successively behind one another. 13. A projectile or war-head as defined in claim 1, wherein the bulging medium (1) and the outer body (2) are connected by a thread (15). 14. A projectile or war-head as defined in claim 3, wherein the bulging medium (1) and the outer body (2) and, optionally, the central penetrator (6) are connected by gluing or soldering (16, 19) or by form-locking. 15. A projectile or war-head as defined in claim 1, wherein bridges (20) are partly or entirely located in the bulging medium (1) between the central penetrator (6) and the casing (2). 16. A projectile or war-head as defined in claim 1, and further comprising bodies  (21,24,25) partly or entirely embedded, arranged or randomly distributed in the bulging medium (1), wherein the bodies are different or the same, are rod-shaped or are disposed successively behind one another, and are terminal-ballistically or otherwise effective. 17. A projectile or war-head as defined in claim 17, wherein bridges (20) are partly or entirely located in the bulging medium (1) between the central penetrator (6) and the casing (2), at least one element selected from the group consisting of bodies (21,24,25) embedded in the bulging medium (1) and bridges (20) having porphyrous properties. 18. A projectile or war-head as defined in claim 1, wherein the outer body (2) is made of a material selected from the group consisting of sintered or pure metal of high density, brittle material, and a steel of high hardness. 19. A projectile or war-head as defined in claim 1, wherein the outer body (2) allows subprojectiles or splinters to originate in a statistically distributed manner. 20. A projectile or war-head as defined in claim 1, wherein the outer body (2) is pre-notched on the inside (22) or outside (23), or is respectively embrittled there by heat treatment. 21. A projectile or war-head as defined in claim 1, wherein the outer body is made of a ring of prefabricated individual longitudinal structures which are mechanically joined or glued or soldered together. 22. A projectile or war-head as defined in claim 1, wherein the outer body is encompassed either entirely or partly by a casing (34) which fragments into predetermined bodies. 23. A projectile or war-head as defined in claim 23, wherein the casing (34) fragmenting into predetermined bodies is arranged between the bulging medium and the outer body. 24. A projectile or war-head as defined in claim 1, wherein the outer body contains entirely or partly segments, or prefabricated subprojectiles or splinters. 25. A projectile or war-head as defined in claim 1, wherein the outer body has wall thicknesses which is variable over the length. 26. A projectile or war-head as defined in claim 3, wherein the central penetrator (6) is provided with a random cross section (27) which is partly or entirely variable over the length. 27.  has an outer diameter which is variable over the length. 26. A projectile or war-head as defined in claim 1, wherein the outer body has wall thicknesses which are variable over the length. 27. A projectile or war-head as defined in claim 3, wherein the penetrator has a hollow chamber (29) either partly or entirely. 28. A projectile or war-head as defined in claim 27, wherein the hollow chamber (29) located in the penetrator contains a material for achieving additionally desired effective properties. 29. A projectile or war-head as defined in claim 3, wherein the penetrator is provided with a random surface shaping. 30. A projectile or war-head as defined in claim 3, wherein the penetrator is composed of at least two individual penetrators. 31. A projectile or war-head as defined in claim 1, and further comprising a stepped, terminal-ballistically effective structure for accommodating the bulging medium. 32. A projectile or war-head as defined in claim 1, and further comprising a terminal-ballistically effective structure, wherein the bulging medium is arranged in a forward zone of the terminal-ballistically effective structure. 33. A projectile or war-head as defined in claim 1, and further comprising a terminal-ballistically effective structure, wherein the bulging medium is arranged in a rear zone of the terminal-ballistically effective structure. 34. A projectile or war-head as defined in claim 1, and further comprising a terminal-ballistically effective structure, wherein the bulging medium is arranged in a multiple way successively behind one another in the terminal-ballistically effective structure. 35. A projectile or war-head as defined in claim 1, wherein the bulging medium is arranged several times radially in a structure with the casings which are terminal-ballistically effective and enclose the respective bulging medium. 36. A projectile or war-head as defined in claim 1, wherein the bulging medium is arranged once or several times radially (1,1i) and once or several times axially (1e, 1f, 1g, 1h) in a terminal-ballistically effective structure. 37. A projectile or war-head as defined in claim 43, wherein the structure accommodates a central penetrator (6,28) or several partial penetrators (26) once or several times successively behind one another. 38. A projectile or war-head as defined in claim 1, and further comprising a hollow aerodynamical tip. 39. A projectile as defined in claim 38, wherein the bulging medium is provided with a pocket-like recess on its face side. 40. A projectile or war-head as defined in claim 1, and further comprising a massive one-part or multi-part tip. 41. A projectile or war-head as defined in claim 40, wherein the tip reaches into the bulging medium of the projectile or war-head. 42. A projectile or war-head as defined in claim 1, and further comprising a tip which is filled fully or partly with a bulging medium. 43. The projectile of claim 1 as a spin-stabilized full caliber projectile. 44. The projectile of claim 1 as an aerodynamically stabilized full caliber projectile. 45. The projectile of claim 1 as a spin-stabilized subcaliber discarding sabot projectile. 46. The projectile of claim 1 as an aerodynamically stabilized discarding sabot projectile. 47. The projectile of claim 1 in the form of a hybrid projectile. 48. The projectile of claim 1 in the form of a projectile with combined stabilization.