Patent GB-454657-A (GB)
Title: Improvements relating to the manufacture of threads, fabrics, and the like of cellulose or cellulose hydrate
IPC: D06M15/423
Filed: 1935-02-01
Abstract: Threads, fabrics, and like materials of cellulose or hydrated cellulose are treated in order to diminish the swelling effect of alkaline liquids or water, by impregnating the materials with the components of a urea or thiourea-formaldehyde resin and with two other organic substances, one containing at least one free hydroxyl group and also at least one reactive group, namely, halogen, primary or secondary amino group, carboxyl group, or additional hydroxyl group, and the other being an alcoholate, phenolate, acid chloride, acid anhydride, or salt of an organic acid.  The reagents are fixed on the materials by heating to a temperature of 60--120 DEG  C.  The materials may be treated with the reagents in any order or simultaneously.  They may be treated in a single bath containing all the impregnating agents, or they may be treated with an aqueous solution of the urea or thiourea-formaldehyde resin components and the first of the two additional substances, and before or after this treatment they are steeped in an aqueous or organic solution or emulsion of the second additional substance.  The materials are dried and heated to fix the impregnating agents.  Specified additional substances containing the hydroxyl and reactive group are polyhydric alcohols, ethylene glycol, di- or poly-ethylene glycol, glycerine, polyhydric alcohol derivatives with free hydroxyl groups, mono-alkyl ethers or aryl ethers of glycerine, ethylene chlorhydrin, a-mono- or a -b -di-chlorhydrin, polyhydric alcohol esters of phthalic, succinic, adipic, or tartaric acid, or of benzoic or other aromatic or aliphatic saturated or unsaturated acid.  The process may be applied to mixtures of regenerated cellulose threads with wool or cotton.  The impregnating liquids may contain catalysts and buffer salts.  In an example, regenerated cellulose threads are impregnated, before drying, with a mixture of water, dimethylol-urea sodium acetate, glycerine, sulphonated olive oil, alcohol, oleyl-polyglycol ether, and palmitic anhydride.  The threads are dried and then heated for several hours.  The threads are then fulled by hand in a solution of Marseilles soap and soda.  Bands of regenerated cellulose threads before drying are treated with a solution of dimethylol urea, glycerine monoethyl ether, water, mono- and di-sodium phosphate, and are then dried and heated for several hours.  The material is then treated with a solution of palmitic anhydride in benzene, dried, and heated.  Threads of regenerated cellulose treated with dimethylolurea and glycerine monoethyl ether are twice impregnated with a solution of sodium stearate in benzene and alcohol, squeezed and dried.  The material is heated for two hours, subjected to alkaline fulling treatment, and dried.  Dry viscose or cuprammonium artificial silk fabric is impregnated with palmitic anhydride in benzene or as an aqueous emulsion, squeezed, dried, and heated.  It is then treated with dimethylol-urea and glycerine monoethyl ether.  The Provisional Specification describes also treatments in which glycol monoethyl ether is used.