baber/WOPTO huggingface dataset:
Patent GB-668569-A (GB)
Title: Process for the preparation of 2, 4-pentadienoic acids and the acids so prepared
IPC: C07C57/03
Filed: 1949-07-13
Abstract: 2 : 4-Pentadienoic acids are obtained by reacting ketene in the presence of a basic condensation catalyst with acrolein or an a -alkyl-acrolein where the alkyl group has not more than 5 carbon atoms.  Suitable catalysts are free bases, basic salts and salts of strong alkalis with weak acids, especially alkali salts of lower fatty acids such as sodium acetate; other suitable compounds are mentioned.  Reaction temperatures may be -40 DEG  C. to +60 DEG  C., especially -25 DEG  C. to +30 DEG C.  A polymerization inhibitor may be added, e.g. hydroquinone, tannic acid, resorcinol, aminonaphthol or a tertiary alkyl amine.  An inert solvent such as ether may also be added.  When the ketene is obtained by the pyrolysis of acetone excess of the latter is preferably removed prior to the reaction. The reaction may be carried out in an inert atmosphere. The products may be isolated by filtration or solvent-extraction, if necessary, to remove the catalyst, followed by distillation, solvent-extraction, esterification or precipitation as an insoluble salt.  Examples show the preparation of 2 : 4-pentadienoic acid from acrolein and ketene, and the 3-methyl, 3-ethyl and 3-isopropyl derivatives from the corresponding substituted acroleins.  Other specified reactants are the a -propyl, butyl, isobutyl and pentyl-acroleins.  The Specification as open to inspection under Sect. 91 refers generally to the reaction between a ketene and an a -substituted acrolein where the substituent is alkyl, cycloalkyl or aryl.  The production of 3-cyclohexyl- and 3-phenethyl-2 : 4-pentadienoic acids from ketene and the corresponding aldehydes is mentioned. Other specified reactants are a -cyclopentylacrolein, a -benzylacrolein, methylketene, dimethylketene, diethylketene, propylketene, arylketenes and cycloalkylketenes.  This subject-matter does not appear in the Specification as accepted.
Patent GB-116037-A (GB)
Title: New or Improved Means for Removing the Skin from Hard Fruits or Roots.
Inventor: HAMILTON SAMUEL
IPC: A47J17/02
Filed: 1917-12-13
Abstract: 116,037. Hamilton, S. Dec. 13, 1917. Gloves and mittens.-The palms of gloves and mittens and the fingers also of gloves are provided with roughening-devices consisting of sharp projecting spurs b or the like, by means of which the skin or peel of apples, potatoes, and other fruits is removed. A gouge c is fitted on the glove or on the thumb to enable eyes &c. to be removed; it may consist of a split or whole cylindrical piece with a spur parallel or at right-angles to its axis.
Patent GB-1299494-A (GB)
Title: Aroylated cobalt-phthalocyanines and process for their manufacture
IPC: C09B47/26
Filed: 1970-04-17
Abstract: 1299494 Aroylated cobalt phthalocyanines CIBA-GEIGY AG 17 April 1970 [22 April 1969] 18517/70 Heading C4P The invention comprises cobalt phthalocyanines containing 1 to 3 aroyl groups per molecule. They are prepared by reacting 1 mol of cobalt phthalocyanine with 0À1 to 5 mols of an aroyl halide in an aluminium chloride melt, preferably at 80-180‹ C. in presence of urea, an organic salt or an alkali metal or alkaline earth metal halide which lowers the melting point of the melt. The aroylating agents include benzoyl chloride which may be substituted in the 2-position by F, Cl, or OH; 4-methyl or 2,5-dichlorobenzoyl chloride, 1-naphthoyl chloride and furan-2-carboxylic acid chloride. Blue shades are obtained on cotton.
Patent GB-745753-A (GB)
Title: Improvements in extruding machines for rubber or plastic compounds
Inventor: IDDON NORMAN JAMES
IPC: B29C48/38
Filed: 1953-07-04
Abstract: 745,753. Mixing appliances. IDDON BROS., Ltd. Oct. 1, 1954 [July 4, 1953], No. 18612/53. Class 86. [Also in Group V] In an extruding-machine for rubber or plastics, of the type in which the rubber &c. is fed to a driven screw A housed in a horizontal cylinder B, thence to a second independentlydriven screw A<SP>1</SP> housed in a second horizontal cylinder B<SP>1</SP>, and thence to a further independently-driven screw or screws housed in a further horizontal cylinder or cylinders (as shown, a third screw A<SP>2</SP> housed in a third cylinder B<SP>2</SP>) the cylinders are independent of each other and are mounted one above the other in vertical alignment in a composite cylinder block C, and the first screw delivers to the second screw through a horizontal filter plate c<SP>1</SP>. As shown, there is also a filter plate c<SP>2</SP> between the second and third screws. The screws are independently driven through shafts a<SP>l</SP>, at the same or different speeds and in either direction. Each screw has a thrust bearing c. The pitches of the screws may differ. The die may be a right-angle head or, as shown, a straight-through die D. The cylinders have liners b, heating elements c<SP>3</SP> and heating jackets c<SP>4</SP>.
Patent GB-1157544-A (GB)
Title: Punching Machine.
Inventor: POLE KENNETH ERNEST
IPC: B26F1/36
Filed: 1967-04-22
Abstract: 1,157,544. Punching machines. CAXTONIA Ltd. 24 May, 1968 [22 April, 1967], No. 18625/67. Heading B4B. A punching machine comprises a plate 1 for receiving work B to be punched, a standard 3 mounted on the plate and carrying a punching head 4 which is guided on the standard for movement towards and away from the plate by means of an operating arm 15, the head 4 comprising a lower slotted clamping part 16 and an upper plunger-carrying part 10 movable relatively to the lower part 16 against the action of springs 21, plungers 25 depending from the part 10 and each co-operating with a follower block 24 which applies a turning motion to an associated plunger during a part of the movement of the head 4. Each plunger is provided with a removable bit 31, Fig. 3, having a hollow cylindrical working end. Each block 24 has a vertical bore and a pin 29 which projects into the bore for engagement in a helical groove 30 provided around the surface of the associated plunger. Each block 24 is slidable transversely of the standard 3 and is locked in adjusted position by a screw 28. The work is positioned by means of levelling bars 34 connected to slides 35 movable in an undercut groove 36 in the plate 1.
Patent GB-703253-A (GB)
Title: A process for the preparation of copolymers and compositions containing the same
IPC: G03B17/24
Filed: 1950-07-26
Abstract: Copolymers of olefinically unsaturated compounds are prepared under such conditions that the copolymer formed initially has an average molecular weight of less than 3,000, and maintaining conditions such that the ratio (written as a number at least equal to 1) in which the monomers are present in the reaction mixture does not change by more than 20 per cent. from its initial value, and that in the fraction of copolymer formed in any successive short interval of time the average molecular weight does not exceed 3,000.  Olefinically unsaturated compounds specified are allyl chloride, methallyl chloride, vinyl acetate, allyl acetate, styrene, octene-1 and propene tetramer. Mixtures of more than two monomers may be employed.  The molecular weights of the copolymers may be kept within the desired limit by means of variations in polymerisation conditions such as the use of chain stoppers such as alcohols, aldehydes, for example valeraldehyde, acetone, diethyl ether, chlorinated hydrocarbons, such as carbon tetrachloride, chlorinated alcohols, aldehydes and ethers, esters of chlorinated organic acids, such as propyl chloroacetate, amines, nitro-compounds, and mercaptans, such as dodecyl mercaptan. The desired copolymers may be obtained by charging the monomers initially in a ratio which is then maintained within 20 per cent. of its initial value either by stopping the reaction when the ratio of monomers reaches a limit value, or by adding the monomers periodically or continuously as they are used up.  The reaction may be carried out batchwise or continuously in bulk, solution, or aqueous emulsion, in which case sodium mersolate may be used as an emulsifier.  Catalysts may be employed such as Friedel-Crafts catalysts, ditertiary butyl peroxide, and a mixture of potassium persulphate and sodium sulphite in aqueous emulsion. The copolymers are usually liquid and contain unsaturated linkages which may be hydrogenated with the use of a Raney nickel catalyst, or chlorinated. The copolymers may be employed as plasticisers for vinyl chloride polymers.  Specifications 617,891, 666,530, 682,254, and 703,252 are referred to.
Patent GB-1103111-A (GB)
Title: Improvements in or relating to methods of and apparatus for processing textile yarn
Inventor: KNOWLES JACK
IPC: B65H51/06
Filed: 1963-05-11
Abstract: 1,103,111. Smoothing yarns. ERNEST SCRAGG & SONS Ltd. 10 Aug., 1964 [17 May, 1963], No. 18753/63. Heading D1F. Yarns 11 withdrawn from a supply by a feed roller 13 are guided away from the roller in a direction inclined to a plane perpendicular to its axis of rotation so that the yarn rolls on the surface of the roller to wrap projecting fibres about the yarns. The yarns then pass through a guide 18 to be wound up on a twisting spindle, e.g. a ring spindle. The surface of roller 13 is preferably rough, e.g. it may be of carborundum. Guide 18 may form part of a stop motion device.
Patent GB-1433501-A (GB)
Title: Annular sealing elements for use with coalescing or separation  filtration columns
IPC: B01D17/04
Filed: 1973-04-18
Abstract: 1433501 Making perforated rings G CUTORE 18 April 1973 [18 April 1972] 18754/73 Heading B3A [Also in Division B1] A method of making annular elements 12 which are to be used between annular filter elements in a filtration column, comprises forming a plurality of uniformly spaced apertures 16 on the longitudinal axis of a stainless steel strip, forming the strip into an assymmetric substantially U-shaped form having an outwardly concave flange 14 and a straight flange 15 diverging from flange 14, the flanges 14, 15 having sharp edges 14a, 15a respectively, forming the shaped strip into a cylindrical helix, cutting the cylindrical helix along a generatrix to obtain an open ring from each turn, and butt welding the open rings to produce the annular elements 12.
Patent GB-328847-A (GB)
Title: Improvements relating to the cleaning of rollers in drawing and roving frames for flax and like textile fibres
IPC: D01H5/62
Filed: 1929-06-20
Abstract: 328,847. Metcalfe, A. W. June 20, 1929. rollers and roller heads. - The rubbers or scrapers 7 of the jockey rollers 4 of drawing and roving machines for flax and like textile fibres are formed in sections to serve one or more rollers, preferably to embrace two slivers each, and are mounted individually or in groups upon a bar on in a channel, each section being flexibly supported, as by flat springs or coil springs 11<a>, so that each may press freely against its corresponding roller or rollers. The rubbers may be of wood or other material and may be provided with a felt or other rubbing surface.
Patent GB-379451-A (GB)
Title: Improvements in or relating to agricultural implements
IPC: A01B35/26
Filed: 1931-07-01
Abstract: 379,451. Implements for working land. MORTON, R. C., Blanefield Avenue, Prestwick, Ayrshire. July 1, 1931, No. 18934. [Class 6 (i).] The cutting or acting edges of ploughshares, shimmers, cultivator points, digger shares, hoes, grassroot pruners, harrowlike implements, &c. are made in the form of arcs of circles. A grass-root pruner or harrow-like implement comprises a series of flat blades 1 spaced along a traverse frame pivoted at its ends to cross-bars 4 each of which is mounted on two adjustable wheels 7, 8. The blades have arc-shaped cutting-edges 1a and are set at an angle as shown. They may be set vertically, and a forward and backward movement may be imparted to the implement by means of an angularly adjustable handle 9 bolted to a slotted holder 14. A reversible and adjustable plough coulter consists of a slotted blade 15 having four arc-shaped cutting- edges 16 .. 19. A plough-share 20 may be provided with wing extensions 21 of various sizes, the cutting edges 21a being arc-shaped. A cutting-edge may be detachable and may be in the form of two arcs. Reference has been directed by the Comptroller to Specifications 5036/87, 4951/94, 12373/94, [all in Class 6, Agricultural appliances for the treatment of land &c.], 20475/14 and 308,477, [both in Class 6 (i), Cultivating implements &c.].
Patent GB-922576-A (GB)
Title: Multifunctional semiconductor devices
IPC: H01L27/06
Filed: 1961-05-25
Abstract: 922,576. Transistor amplifier circuits. WESTINGHOUSE ELECTRIC CORPORATION. May 25, 1961 [July 26, 1960], No. 18935/61. Class 40 (6). [Also in Group XXXVI] A transistor amplifier circuit consists of three cascaded transistors of, respectively, PNP-NPN-NPN type (or NPN-PNPPNP), arranged with common emitter-collector-collector respectively. The devices are incorporated in a unitary structure (Figs. 1 and 2, not shown) (see Group XXXVI) and the overall current gain (beta) is stated to be 9000 to 25,000. Specification 903,919 is referred to.
Patent GB-1091159-A (GB)
Title: Dehydrated potato foodstuffs
Inventor: PENDLINGTON SIDNEY
IPC: A23L19/15
Filed: 1965-05-05
Abstract: Potatoes are preheated at a temperature below that of gelantinization of the starch in the potatoes being treated, e.g. between 45 and 58 DEG C., and are subsequently cooked and dehydrated. The optimum time for the preheating is dependent upon the pectinesterase concentration in the potatoes being treated, and on the hardness of the water used where the preheating is effected by immersion in water.
Patent GB-684355-A (GB)
Title: Endless conveyor
IPC: B65G17/06
Filed: 1950-07-31
Abstract: 684,355. Endless conveyers. GREBE, K. July 31, 1950. [Aug. 13, 1949] No. 19064/50. Class 78 (i). A mining conveyer band consists of a plurality of independent closely spaced sections connected together by a flexible traction agent, which sections comprise plate members which together with connecting plates bridge the spaces between the sections to form a continous flexible conveying surface, each section having a rolling engagement with supporting guides to restrain them against slewing, lateral movement and movement normal to the plane of the conveying surface. In one form, Fig. 3, a plurality of wheeled carriages 3 loosely connected together by short lengths of chain 17, are provided with plate members 20 having forward and rearward slots to receive the connecting plates 23 so that a continous surface is formed even when the carriages are on a curve, the connecting plates being of resilient material so as to allow bending and also twisting of the carriages. The plate members 20 are of trough form so as to form a troughed belt. The resulting hand can convey on an upper run. be twisted and passed, around a vertical guide drum, and twisted again so as to be again upright on the lower run for further conveying of material in the opposite direction. Similarly, the band can be made to negotiate a sharp bend. The carriages are guided by tracks 11 and 14 on which run respectively vertical guide wheels 7 and horizontal guide wheels 13 arranged on the carriages as indicated, whereby lateral and vertical movement, and also slewing and forward tipping of the carriages are prevented. Instead of the wheels 13 being centrally placed they may be arranged at one or both sides adjacent the wheels 7 and run on a track disposed alongside and secured to the track 11. In a modification, Figs. 7. 8, the guide wheels are replaced by a pair of flexible ball tracks 27. A set of balls 24 runs between each flexible track 27 and one of a pair of ball tracks 25 carried by the supporting framework. Each track 27 may be made by splitting a length of tube longitudinally into two parts and may be made flexible by cutting notches in it as shown.
Patent GB-1073097-A (GB)
Title: Deformable electrode frost
IPC: G03G16/00
Filed: 1965-05-06
Abstract: 1,073,097. Electrophotographic frost images. RANK XEROX Ltd. May 6, 1965 [May 18, 1964], No. 19149/65. Heading G2H. A member for the formation of frost images comprises, in order (11) a conductive support, (12) a photo-conductive layer, (13) a heat deformable thermoplastic layer, and (15) a conductive layer having a conductivity of at least 2 x 10<5> up to 200 F. and capable of being deformed in a compliance with layer (13); the layers (12) and (13) may be replaced by a single layer of a thermoplastic photo-conducter. The member is imagewise exposed whilst a potential is applied across layers (11) and (15), and heated until a frost image is formed; the image may be erased by further heating. The support may be aluminium, brass, or glass coated with a layer of tin oxide or copper iodide; the photo-conductor may be selenium or an organic photo-conductor; the thermoplastic layer may be a glycerol ester of a 50% hydrogenated rosin, or a polymer of styrene or its homologues; and the deformable conductive layer may be a thin layer of metal, or, preferably, of polyethylene imine. A metal foil or strip (16) (e.g. vapour deposited aluminium) may be applied to layer (15) to provide an electrical connection.
Patent GB-995007-A (GB)
Title: Method for separating ammonia from mixtures of gases
IPC: C01C1/12
Filed: 1962-05-18
Abstract: <PICT:0995007/C1/1> Ammonia is removed from gas mixtures by scrubbing the mixture with a circulating aqueous absorption solution of ammonium carbonates saturated with free CO2 and withdrawing a portion of the circulating liquid and heating to expel the CO2 and NH3 therefrom. The absorption solution has NH3 concentration less than that of a saturated ammonium bicarbonate solution.  The contact is made at a temperature below that at which the carbonates would decompose.  As shown in the Figure, the gas mixture is cooled to 30-40 DEG  C. and is passed up through column 1 at or above atmospheric pressure where it is scrubbed by a solution containing up to 20% of ammonium bicarbonate or of a mixture of ammonium carbonate, ammonium bicarbonate and CO2, at below 30 DEG  C., thus removing the ammonia. The gas, containing less than 0.1% by volume of NH3 leaves at A.  The solution leaving 1 enters column 2 where it is saturated with CO2 and a portion is recycled to the top of 1 via duct D; it may be degassed en route at 3, excess CO2 being removed via C.  The fraction of the washing liquid not recycled descends column 4 in countercurrent to an inert gas, both at 30-40 DEG  C., thereby desorbing some free ammonia and dissolved gases.  From the sump of column 4 an aqueous solution of ammonium carbonates is discharged through duct F into a decomposer whence NH3 and CO2 are recovered through lines H and G.  Inert gas may be taken from the waste gas current down-stream of scrubber 6 and introduced via K at 4.  Applied to the treatment of effluent gases from acrylonitrile synthesis from propylene and NH, the bulk of the acrylonitrile and HCN leave the process at A whilst in column 4, residual acrylonitrile is desorbed and after washing in column 5 rejoins the main stream, which passes to scrubber 6, where the inert gases is freed from acrylonitrile and HCN.ALSO:<PICT:0995007/C2/1> Acrylonitrile is purified by separating ammonia from effluent gases produced in the synthesis of acrylonitrile from propylene and NH3.  The ammonia is removed by passing the mixture up through column 1 and scrubbing with a circulating aqueous solution of ammonium carbonates saturated with free CO2. The bulk of the acrylonitrile and HCN leave at A.  Residual acrylonitrile, absorbed in the scrubbing liquid, is desorbed in column 4 up which inert gas flows, and after passing upward through washer 5 rejoins the main stream A, which passes to scrubber 6 wherein acrylonitrile and HCN are removed and subsequently recovered in pure form by distillation.
Patent GB-961208-A (GB)
Title: Improvements relating to shoulder supports
Inventor: DOUGALL JOHN
IPC: A61B6/04
Filed: 1962-05-18
Abstract: 961,208. Shoulder supports. ASSOCIATED ELECTRICAL INDUSTRIES Ltd. May 10, 1963 [May 18, 1962], No. 19304/62. Heading A5R. A shoulder support 1 for a patient on a backwards tilted X-ray table 16 comprises pliable or cushion shoulder portions 3, 4, e.g. of foam rubber, united with each other by an integral neck yoke 2 (or straps) with adjustable lanyards 5, 6, 7 and 8 which will be at the back and front of the patient when the support 1 is fitted and which are fitted to handles 17 and 18 on the table 16. The pads may be preformed to the shape of the shoulders and may be of material transparent to X-rays. The handles on the X-ray table are adjustable.
Patent GB-1140987-A (GB)
Title: Vertically adjustable swivel mechanism
Inventor: DUFTON RONALD
IPC: A47C3/28
Filed: 1967-04-26
Abstract: 1,140,987. Telescopic stays. DARE-INGLIS PRODUCTS Ltd. 28 Sept., 1967 [26 April, 1967], No. 19309/67. Heading E2F. [Also in Division A4] In a telescopically adjustable support column for a revolving chain; vertical thrust is transmitted through an annular bearing 20, which is axially and radially compressed, to prevent relative rocking motion of tubular member 13 on tubular member 11. A collar 17 is clamped to member 13, by handscrew 23 engaging tapered groove 10. Tapered nylon bearing member 20 seats between the collar and the flared end 12 of member 11. A rib 32 projects into groove 10, to prevent relative rotation of the member 13 and the collar 17.
Patent GB-710424-A (GB)
Title: Improvements relating to the heat treatment of wheat berries
Inventor: SUGDEN GEORGE HIGHLEY
IPC: B02B1/08
Filed: 1951-08-16
Abstract: 710,424. Apparatus for the heat treatment of wheat berries. SIMON, Ltd., H. July 7, 1952 (Aug. 16, 1951], No. 19335/51. Class 58 In the heat treatment of wheat berries they are fed into the upper end of a cylindrical vessel b in an even stream and meet a jet, jets or stream of steam projected tangentially into the vessel at c beneath the point of entry a of the berries so that the steam carries the berries spirally around the interior of the vessel and subjects the same to a uniform heat treatment over their whole surface as they gradually fall in a helical path to the bottom of the vessel from which they discharge into a cooling medium in a washer e after which the surplus moisture is removed therefrom, e.g. by a machine such as that known as a " whizzer." Thermometric regulators may be provided where the grain enters and leaves the vessel b. In a modification, Figs. 4 and 5 (not shown) a second similar vessel g is provided into which the hot berries from the first vessel pass where they are met by a jet or jets of cold water from a fitting which carries or carry the wheat in a helical path around and down the vessel from which the wet cool berries may pass to a whizzer to remove surface moisture therefrom. A thermometric regulator may be provided at the bottom of the cooling vessel for control purposes. Specifications 523,116, 543,720 and 583,741 are referred to.
Patent GB-1435373-A (GB)
Title: Liquid crystal image converter system responsive to ionizing radiation
IPC: G02F1/135
Filed: 1973-04-24
Abstract: 1435373 Liquid crystal compositions THOMSON-CSF 24 April 1973 [25 April 1972] 19450/73 Heading C4X [Also in Divisions H4- H5] A liquid crystal composition exhibiting persistent optical scattering subsequent to the application of an electric field of above a threshold level comprises 85% methoxybenzylidene-butylaniline and 15% cholesteryl erucate.