Patent GB-190615901-A (GB)
Title: Improvements in Power Looms for the Manufacture of Oriental, Persian, Wound and other Knot-stitch Carpets.
Inventor: RENARD CHARLES
Filed: 1906-07-13
Granted: 1907-02-28
Abstract: 15,901. Renard, C., and Renard, A. July 13. Pile fabrics; carpets.-Tufted carpets or fabrics are woven with the pile yarns knotted to pairs of warps in the Oriental knot, Fig. 34, or in the Persian knot, Fig. 38, or with the pile yarns wound two or more times round the warps in forming these knots. The pile yarns may otherwise be bound in by groups of warps in the manner shown in Figs. 43 and 46. Looms, pile forming and cutting in ; leashes ; shedding-motions; vertical looms.-In a loom for weaving tufted carpets with pile knots of the various kinds described above, the ordinary weaving and the tufting operations take place alternately and are actuated by independent drives. The tufting-mechanism is mounted on a frame, which is moved intermittently across the loom to form tufts on successive pairs or groups of warps. When the tufts are formed on pairs of warps, each pair of warps is passed through a loop 40, Fig. 31, attached to a guided hook 34. The hooks 34 are raised in succesiion, in order that tufts may be knotted to the corresponding pairs of warps, by means of a guided hook 31, which is carried by the tufting-frame, and is raised and lowered at the proper times by a system of cam-actuated levers. The loops 40 do not interfere with the shedding of the warps by the healds 39 when the ordinary weaving is proceeding. The pile yarns are carried by radial carriers 6, which are mounted in grooves in a circular sector 1. Each carrier is terminated by a guide or short tube provided with a spring presser, which gives to the pile yarn the required tension while allowing its advancement in one direction. The carriers are brought to the centre of the sector as required by the action of a jacquard 147, a counteracting spring bringing back a displaced carrier to its normal position. The end of the pile yarn of a displaced carrier is seized by a cam-actuated gripper 5, and the length of yarn necessary to form a tuft is drawn out as the gripper swings away from the carrier. The looping or knot-forming device comprises two grippers 66 having parallel or slightly convergent axes, and each composed of two parts movable one upon the other and terminated by claws for seizing the pile thread. The grippers are mounted upon a frame 88, which is pivoted on an horizontal axis 89 and is oscillated in order that the grippers may seize the pile yarn and enter between the pairs of warps. In one form of the grippers, they are rotatable and are either geared together or are independently actuated by toothed sectors, and in another form the grippers can approach or move away from one another without rotating. A rotatable gripper may be used with a non-rotatable gripper, if desired. In order to separate or close the pair of warp threads on which a tuft is to be formed, a divider 44 is employed. The divider is rotatably mounted in a pivoted bearing 45, and has a notched knifeedge 47. To separate the warps for the passage of the grippers, the divider bearing is oscillated on its pivot 43, so that the divider passes edgeways between the warps. The divider is then rotated through a quarter of a revolution so that its broad face separates the warps, and when the divider is raised the warps are engaged by shoulders thereon and are held separated and strained. The grippers are then passed down between the warps, revolved or moved outwards, and raised again to seize the length of pile yarn extending between the carrier and the gripper 5. The yarn is then cut at the carrier by cam-actuated shears 23, and is released by the gripper 5. The former movement of the grippers 66 is reversed, and an Oriental knot, Fig. 34, is formed on the warps. The divider is lowered, rotated to its former position, and raised away from the warps ; it is then rotated again and lowered on to the warps, which are thereupon engaged in its notch and held together, so that the knot may be drawn forwards to the fell by a forward movement of the grippers. As the knot becomes tight, the pull on the grippers increases till the resistance of a spring is overcome and the grippers automatically release the ends of the knot. The Oriental knot may also be formed by looping the warps in a known manner, as shown in Fig. 32, the warps of a pair being looped in opposite directions. The pile yarn is then passed through the loops by a tube on the carrier or by an angular gripper, the knot being formed when the warps are strengthened. The manner in which the other knots or tufts mentioned above are formed is described. The loom may be provided with two or more of the tufting - frames, and the tufting- mechanism may be applied to vertical looms.