baber/WOPTO huggingface dataset:
Patent GB-569345-A (GB)
Title: Improvements in or relating to flavouring materials and methods of preparing same
IPC: A23L27/00
Filed: 1942-12-03
Abstract: Volatile water-immiscible flavouring substances, such as oil of bitter almonds, ionone, lemon, lime or cassia oil, are prepared in dry stable form for addition to foods by emulsifying in an aqueous solution of an edible hydrophilic colloid, such as gelatin, pectin, polyvinyl alcohol or a common gum, which, when dried, is impervious to the substance, forming or applying on the emulsion surface membranes, which are pervious to water but impervious to the substance, and drying, the ratio of dry thickness of the surface membranes to total dry thickness of the emulsion being less than .7. The surface membranes may consist of the material known under the Registered Trade Mark "Cellophane," polyvinyl alcohol, predried gelatin or other colloid or may be formed by case-hardening the emulsion.  In the latter case, the surfaces may be dried by a current of air, preferably heated and circulated at high velocity, and are preferably treated initially with a dehydrating or coagulating agent, such as alcohol, acetone, ether or aluminium chloride.  The emulsion is preferably formed into sheets, which may be dried in trays or may be made self-sustaining for drying on both sides.  As an example, 10-50 per cent solutions of gelatin, containing not less than 1 per cent of the flavouring by weight, may be used, the wet thickness of the sheets being proportioned in inverse ratio to the gelatin concentration to provide dry sheet thicknesses of .1 to .05 inch and the ratio of the dry thickness of the surface layers to the total dry thickness from .5 to .2.  Diluents, such as alcohol, volatility-restrainers, such as coconut oil, and anti-oxidants may be incorporated.  The properties of the matrix substance may be modified by chemical reactions or by the action of enzymes, e.g. pectin may be dimethoxylated or calcium added thereto and gelatine may be hydrolysed.  The dried sheets may be coated, as with polyvinyl alcohol, for storage or may be ground to a powder, particularly for addition to dried food products.  U.S.A. Specification 2,258,567 is referred to.
Patent GB-1100212-A (GB)
Title: Apparatus for storing an elongated flexible element
IPC: D01G21/00
Filed: 1965-04-23
Abstract: 1,100,212. Storing sliver. ZINSER-TEXTILMASCHINEN G.m.b.H. 23 April, 1965 [28 April, 1964], No. 17260/65. Headings DID, D1F and D1N. Apparatus in which sliver 2 is fed by means 44 into the bottom of a tubular container 70 for temporary storage therein before being withdrawn from the top thereof to be processed by the next machine has means to reverse the drive of means 44 so that in the case of sliver breakage the broken end can be withdrawn from the bottom of the container to be spliced. As shown the means 44 comprise rollers mounted in turnplate 38 which is rotated by shaft 19 through gears 31, 32 and is eccentrically disposed in a second rotatable member 27-29 rotated by shaft 19 through worm 25. Shaft 19 is driven by the drive means for a carding engine, from whence sliver 2 is supplied, through shaft 12 and clutch 14, which is held in an engaged position when coil 13 is energised, but when the sliver breaks a feeler breaks the circuit to coil 13 and spring 21 urges member 18, which is keyed to shaft 19, against brake member 22. Rollers 44 are rotated through shaft 62 by gear 45 rolling on gear ring 46 which is normally held against rotation by its driving connection to motor 57. However when it is wished to drive rollers 44 backwards a switch 67 is actuated to start motor 57 to rotate gear ring 456. Since during rotation of members 38 and 27-29 gear ring 46 will revolve but not rotate about the axis 91 of rotation of the rotatable member 27-29, belt 49 connecting ring 46 with motor 57 is held under tension by spring mounting either. motor 57 or a flexible shaft between motor 57 and the belt, or by passing belt 49 around two rollers spring-urged apart. In the embodiment of Fig. 8 (not shown) belt 49 is replaced by a series of gears. Alternatively rollers 44 may be rotated in the forward direction by gear 45 rolling on a gear ring attached to rotatable member 27-29, and in the rearward direction by a handcrank. In case the broken end of the sliver is inside the container means, Figs. 9-19 (not shown), are provided to render the inside of container 70 accessible by either lifting the container; or by pivoting the container about a horizontal axis, and/or pivoting the container about a vertical axis or laterally displacing the container in a horizontal direction. In the embodiment of Fig. 15 a plate having slots therein is arranged to be pivoted under the container before the container is moved to prevent the sliver falling out thereof. The container may be of skeleton construction, Fig. 19, or may have windows therein, Fig. 9.
Patent GB-1168373-A (GB)
Title: Drawing Board
Inventor: SAUTEREAU LUCIEN EMILE FRANCOI
IPC: A47B27/14
Filed: 1968-04-10
Abstract: 1,168,373. Adjustable drawing boards. L. E. F. SAUTEREAU. 10 April, 1968 [11 April, 1967], No. 17277/68. Heading A4H. A drawing board is adjustably mounted on the upper end of a rectangular pillar 11 which is slidably mounted in a body 3 of U-section, the legs of the U being adjustably deformed to eliminate play between the pillar and the body 3 by means of pairs of horizontal threaded rods 5 joined by differential nuts 6. The edges of the pillar may be flat or chamfered and roll on rollers 8 of concave profile mounted in the bisecting planes of the angles of the body 3. The pillar is locked in adjusted position by a rubber lined plate 21 applied against a face of the pillar by a push rod 24 actuated by a screw 25 rotated by a toothed wheel 26, a chain 27 and a tension spring 28 fixed to the body 3. The pillar is released by depressing a pedal 32 mounted on the body 3 and connected to the chain 27 by a cable 34. The weight of the drawing board and pillar is balanced by a pneumatic spring comprising a cylinder 41, Fig. 5, mounted on the base 1 and a piston rod 42 carrying a shaft 43 carrying a cylindrical pulley 44 and a second pulley 45 having a variable profile. Two cables 46, 48 extend from the body 3 and the pillar 11 to the pulleys and are attached and wound thereon. In a modified balancing arrangement, Fig. 2, the cylinder is fixed to the pillar 11 and the piston rod 42 carries at its lower end a triple pulley 52, Fig. 4, having two circular grooves 52 in each of which is attached and wound a cable 53 coming from a fixed point 54 of the body 3 and a groove 55 of variable radius in which is attached and wound a cable 56 coming from a fixed point 57 of the pillar 11. The upper end of the pillar 11 is provided with a vertical trunnion 61 for orienting the drawing board. The board can be clamped in adjusted position by a lever 65 which actuates a screw (66) to cause a nut (67) to grip the trunnion 61. The board can also pivot about two horizontal bearings 71, 72 in a cap 64 and be locked in adjusted position by a lever 76 which actuates a screw 77 to clamp a friction lined plate 78 against the cap 64. The lower part of the board has two rails 83 which slide on a slide 75 to permit lateral translation of the board.
Patent GB-1018140-A (GB)
Title: Ground reservoir for the storage of liquefied gases
IPC: F17C3/00
Filed: 1964-04-27
Abstract: 1,018,140. Storing liquefied gases. SHELL INTERNATIONALE RESEARCH MAATSCHAPPIJ N.V. April 27, 1964, No. 17304/64. Heading F4P. A method of constructing a ground reservoir, Fig. 1 (not shown), for the storage of liquefied gases comprises excavating a substantially vertical shaft in the ground 1, supporting the walls of the shaft 2 during excavating by means of a fluid such as drilling mud 10, closing the shaft with a roof 5, covering the free surface of the mud 10 with a fluid separating diaphragm 11, supplying to the upper surface of the fluid diaphragm a liquefied gas, withdrawing from the shaft the supporting fluid and thereafter the fluid diaphragm 11, and simultaneously supplying further liquefied gas until the shaft is filled with liquefied gas. The supporting fluid and the fluid diaphragm which is preferably a heavy fuel oil are withdrawn from the shaft by a pump 4 which delivers through an exit conduit 3. The insulated aluminium, concrete, steel or wood roof 5 is provided with an entry conduit 7, a venting valve 9 and a refrigerant cooled condenser 8 having a vent 15 provided with a valve 16. In order to prevent the egress of water below the fluid diaphragm 11 due to hydrostatic pressure of the water in the ground surrounding the shaft being greater than the total hydrostatic pressure of the diaphragm and the liquefied gas, pressure is applied to the upper surface through the vent 15. Alternatively a drilling mud 10 of high density and a fluid diaphragm of increased depth and of high density, e.g. carbon disulphide, may be used. In a modification the shaft opening may be provided with a concrete ring closed by a roof and having an entry conduit and a pair of passages leading respectively to the valve 9 and the condenser 8. A plurality of shafts which may be interconnected can be excavated in close proximity.
Patent GB-1101518-A (GB)
Title: Water-based fogs
IPC: F41H9/06
Filed: 1965-04-23
Abstract: A stable artificial fog may be made of water droplets coated with a long chain fatty alcohol, especially cetyl or palemeric alcohol; the droplets preferably have a diameter less than one micron and the fatty alcohol coating is monomolecular.  Preferred methods of making the fog comprise spraying water droplets (13) through a vapour (14) formed by heating the fatty alcohol (see Fig. 1, not shown); mixing a condensing jet of steam (18) and a jet of the fatty alcohol (19) vapourized by a burner (20) (see Fig. 2, not shown); forming a thin layer of the fatty alcohol upon the surface (22) of water in an container (23) and focussing an ultrasonic generator on the interface to generate a fine mist (25) p  (see Fig. 3, not shown); forming a homogeneous emulsion of the fatty alcohol and water and spraying it to form particles 100-200 microns diameter which are passed through an ultrasonic field to break them down to one micron or less; and mixing a fine spray of water droplets and a fine spray of the fatty alcohol and passing them through an ultrasonic field.
Patent GB-1472471-A (GB)
Title: Motor vehicle
IPC: B60B19/00
Filed: 1974-04-19
Abstract: 1472471 Vehicle propulsion; tyres; amphibious vehicles T O GROEGER 19 April 1974 [19 April 1973] 17394/74 Headings B7A B7B B7C and B7H [Also in Divisions F2 and H2]  A vehicle is provided at each side with at least three rolls 3, Fig. 10a, which support an elastic tyre T, the rolls forming the sole support for the tyre on the vehicle. The rolls are mounted by axles 2, Fig. 10a, extending from the vehicle which may be movable by means of cylinder 7 to vary the suspension effect of the tyre. Stabilizer wheels W, skis or floats for an amphibious vehicle are provided on the vehicle and the wheels W or the tyres T may be driven. The roll axles may be driven by an electrically driven motor M, an I.C. engine or a turbine engine. In other arrangements (Fig. 8b, not shown) the tyres may be driven by fluid jets directed at the surface of the tyre or by electromagnetic means (see Division H2). The rolls are connected to brakes which may be operated differently to steer the vehicle. The tyre is in the form of a closed cross-section annulus and may be filled with air or viscous foam. In one embodiment, Fig. 6b, the tyre has a tread support 9 which is guided between circumferential bulges 10 on deflation of the tyre. A reinforcing bead 4, 5 comprises steel wires 5 embedded within alternate hard and soft vertebrae 4. The vehicle may be of the saloon car type, or a wheelchair and may be laterally collapsible. Auxiliary propulsion means such as propellers jet engines, paddles and the like may be fitted to the vehicle.
Patent GB-319386-A (GB)
Title: Improvements in rotary motors
IPC: F04C14/00
Filed: 1928-06-15
Abstract: 319,386. Holman Bros., Ltd., Shaw, H. S. Hele-, Beacham, T. E., and Mills, E. C. June 15, 1928. Revolving radial-cylinder engines, reciprocating-piston type; driving-gear. - A reversible motor operated by compressed fluid comprises e.g. a winch drum 13 driven through gearing from a rotary cylinder carrier 5 on which are mounted radially or tangentially a number of cylinders 5a with pistons 15, the gudgeon pins 16 of which extend through slots in the cylinder walls and have rollers 17 mounted at their ends which move in the annular recesses 18a of two rings mounted freely and independently on fixed eccentrics 14b mounted on the fixed central valve 20, which is angularly adjustable for reversing or controlling the motor. Pressure fluid supplied to the valve 20 by way of the inlet 14s passes through ports 14n and 14m to the longitudinal passage 20a and through the radially arranged ports 20x, and 20y which duly register with radial ports 5p, Fig. 2. whence the fluid enters a cylinder 15. The relative movement of piston and cylinder under fluid expansion combined with the effect of eccentrics 14b causes the cylinder carrier 5 to revolve, the fluid finally escaping through exhaust passage 20b to atmosphere. A toothed quadrant hand lever 21 can rotate the valve 20 to either of two positions for forward rotation or reversing of the drum. The valve is given 30‹ lap at the pressure and exhaust cut-off position so that reversal is got by rotating the valve through 120‹. The gudgeon pins are provided with flats on which are mounted sliders 16s working in the cylinder wall slots. The cylinder carrier is supported by its bosses 5c passing through the annular ring and received in a ball bearing in the casing. The valve 20 is secured in a ball bearing 5e in the carrier 5. Specifications 240,773 and 246,933, [both in Class 8 (i), Air and gases, Compressing &c.], are referred to.
Patent GB-1304590-A (GB)
IPC: H01S3/042
Filed: 1970-04-13
Abstract: 1304590 Lasers GENERAL ELECTRIC CO 13 April 1970 [17 April 1969] 17469/70 Heading H1C A side pumped laser medium 12, Fig. 1, has a rectangular cross-section, and a light beam 16 passed through the medium follows a non axial, totally internally reflecting path. The reflections occur at optically flat faces 14A, 14B which are cooled by a fluid, e.g. compressed air, passed through a duct 20 which also serves as a reflector for pumping lamps 18. Because of the zig-zag path, the non-uniform temperature in the medium affects all parts of the beam to a similar extent, and phase distortion of the output is lower than for an axial path. The beam enters and leaves the medium through 45 degrees faces 24A, 24B. In place of these faces, prisms 64A, 64B, Fig. 5, may be used, the prisms being cemented to the optically flat faces. Fig. 5 also shows a mechanical Q switch prism 68, and resonator mirrors 71, 73. The zig-zag path is such that light travelling from left to right in Fig. 5 adjacent the centre of the medium, i.e. along path 58, is adjacent an edge of the medium after reflection at the Q switch, and this provides a further lowering of phase distortion. Water cooling is used in Fig. 5, though as in Fig. 1 only the two optically flat faces are cooled. Because the other two faces of the medium cross-section become distorted, the beam is preferably positioned such that it is spaced from these faces by 1-20% of the medium width. In Fig. 7, the prisms used at the ends of the medium have right angle segments 85A, 85B which allows a multi-folded resonator to be formed. The low phase distortion of the construction renders it especially suited to use with a Kerr cell Q-switch.
Patent GB-1429473-A (GB)
Title: Sensors
IPC: C09K11/58
Filed: 1972-04-25
Abstract: 1429473 Uses of luminescence NATIONAL RESEARCH DEVELOPMENT CORP 13 April 1973 [25 April 1972] 17511/72 Heading C4S [Also in Division G1A] A sensor for monitoring u.v. radiation comprises one or more filters for removing radiation in unwanted bands, a phosphor 11, having a linear emission characteristic in response to incident u.v. radiation including threshold light values, for converting the transmitted u.v. into radiation acceptable to a photo-cell, and a Se photovoltaic photo-cell for converting the phosphor emission into an electric signal, the phosphor being either zinc cadium sulphide (e.g. 92% ZnS+8% CdS) activated by Cu and of hexagonal crystal structure or strontium chlorosilicate activated by divalent europium, with the matrix of orthorhombic crystal structure. Fig. 1 includes a D.C. heating element 2 about Al cylinder 1, element 2 current being controlled by bi-metallic thermostat 3, and thermistor 4 for remote temperature monitoring. Element 2 maintains the phosphor and Se cell at constant temperature (e.g. 42 C) to improve linearity. Casing 5 may be highly reflective Cr plated brass or stainless steel, reducing heat losses in winter and polar heat gain in summer. Dome 6 is of fused silica, translucent quartz diffuser 7 is mounted on spacer 8, metallic spacer 9 is internally painted matt black to prevent high angle incident radiation reaching the filter 10, and interference filter 10 passes narrow band u.v. and a small amount of red light. Further filter (12) not shown separately, removes red light, and passes visible light from the phosphor. The output voltage may be integrated to build up cumulative totals of u.v. radiation. The monitoring of narrow band polar u.v. radiation allows comparison of u.v. radiation to the degree of "weathering" of organic building material specimens.
Patent GB-1416390-A (GB)
Title: Multi-stage upright countercurrent liquid-liquid extractor dimension measuring machines
IPC: B01D11/04
Filed: 1973-04-11
Abstract: 1416390 Liquid/liquid extraction METALLGESELLSCHAFT AG 11 April 1973 [18 April 1972[ 17522/73 Heading B1F In liquid/liquid extraction apparatus with superposed stages, controlled recycling of separated light or heavy phase to mixer P in each stage is possible because of valved conduit RLK, RSK leading toward the mixer P for separated light and heavy phase conduits RL and RS respectively. This enables the level of the interface in each separating chamber T to be adjusted.
Patent GB-568833-A (GB)
Title: Improvements in laundry marking machines
IPC: B41K3/42
Filed: 1943-10-25
Abstract: 568,833. Typewriters. NATIONAL MARKING MACHINE CO., Ltd. Oct. 25, 1943, No. 17567. Convention date, Oct. 23, 1942. [Class 100 (iv)] In a laundry-marker, the platen 16, Fig. 4, is first moved from articlereceiving position, shown dotted, to printing position and then raised to receive a type imprint, both movements being effected by control means such as switches 75 carried at each end of the platen, the switches being in series. The platen has a finger guard 17, Fig. 5, and a rubber anvil l6<1> and is mounted in a carrier 15 which carries the ink supply consisting of a roller 32 fed from fountain 30 by a wick 33, the feed being adjusted by a presser-bar 34 with screw 35. The carrier 15 is moved by a piston-rod 26 and piston 21 in cylinder 12 by compressed air from reservoir 45, valve 47 and pipe 56. Valve 47 is 'actuated by a lever 61 and electromagnet 60 which is in circuit with switches 75. A pipe-line 63 also carries fluid to valve 64 similar to valve 47 and comprising a plunger 69 actuated by the piston 21 at the end of its travel to unseat valve 68 and pass fluid through pipe 67 to a cylinder 36 with a piston 371 and pistonrod 37 connected to a lever 41. This lever is pivoted at 43 and carries a bar 44 which engages a bar 28 carried by the platen 16 so as to lift the platen when in printing position. The types consist of plates 81 with two parallel flanges 82 apertured at 83 to connect to the pivot pins of endless chains 80. Each chain is carried by sprockets 79, one of which is geared to a wheel 94 on a spindle 86 carrying a setting- chain 88 with a handle 91 working along an index slot. The chain 88 has index plates 92 visible through an aperture 90 to correspond with the type in position for printing. The types are aligned for impression by a spring- pressed bar 99 with curved face engaging the teeth of one of the sprockets 79.
Patent GB-899735-A (GB)
Title: A semiconductor device
IPC: H01L29/00
Filed: 1958-06-27
Abstract: 899,735. Transistors. SONY KABUSHIKIKAISHA. June 27, 1958 [June 29, 1957], No. 17576/58. Class 37. A PNP or NPN junction transistor is formed by disposing superposed P and N layers over the junction between an N and a P type region, as shown in Fig. 2. Where, as shown, regions 1 and 2 are grown regions of P and N type conductivity, respectively, the base layer 5 of N- type, which extends mainly over the P-type layer, and the P-type layer 6 are formed by diffusion of donors and acceptors into the grown crystal face or by a combined alloying and diffusion step. Metal electrodes 3, 4 and 7 are attached to layers 1, 2 and 6, electrode 4 forming the base connection and 3 and 7 the emitter and collector or vice versa. A transistor formed in the above manner is characterized by a low base spreading resistance.
Patent GB-135556-A (GB)
IPC: A61F2/58
Filed: 1918-10-28
Abstract: 135,556. Blatchford, W. A. Oct. 28, 1918. Limbs, artificial.-Comprises a construction of the type in which two straps or casings are used, one being buckled round the upper arm or the thigh and the other buckled round the forearm or the leg stump, the two casings being connected by side straps jointed to form elbow or knee joints, and the lower casing being mounted in a frame which is pivoted at its forward end to the side straps below the elbow or knee joint. The present construction is designed specially for limbs having only short stumps below the elbow or knee joint respectively. The short stump rests in a bucket g which is fixed to a forked bracket e terminating in a socket i pivoted to the lower side straps d. Channel-shaped members h limit the swinging of the bucket relatively to the side straps. c shows the elbow or knee-joint, and a the upper arm or thigh strap. A lengthening-bar j, which is secured to the socket, is formed with a screwed recess at its lower end to receive a screwed pin on an artificial hand or the like, which hand may have a shell or casing resembling a natural forearm fixed thereto. An alternative means for attaching a hand or tools is illustrated in Fig. 3, and is fitted directly to the socket. In this case, the axial positioning of a spring pin t passing through the walls of the socket, operates through the medium of projections p, r to lock a tool handle against withdrawal only or against withdrawal and rotation. This alternative construction is not claimed in the present Specification.
Patent GB-846534-A (GB)
Title: Improvements in and relating to butadiene monoxide
Filed: 1958-06-03
Abstract: Butadiene monoxide is separated from a carboxylic acid by passing a vapour of an inert organic solvent having a boiling point between the boiling points of the carboxylic acid and the butadiene monoxide in contact with or through a liquid mixture of the butadiene monoxide and the carboxylic acid thereby forming a vapour mixture of butadiene monoxide and said solvent and recovering this vapour mixture from the liquid mixture.  The process may be effected by introducing the liquid mixture of butadiene monoxide and carboxylic acid into the intermediate portion of a stream of refluxing inert organic solvent above the bottom and below the top of the stream thus vaporising the butadiene monoxide, withdrawing butadiene monoxide in vapour state from one end of the stream and recovering carboxylic acid from the other end of the stream.  The process may be effected in a single packed or bubble plate column or several columns arranged in series may be used.  Suitable solvents are chlorinated hydrocarbons, benzene or toluene.  The butadiene monoxide may be produced by the reaction of butadiene with a percarboxylic acid, in the presence of a waterimmiscible solvent for butadiene monoxide, conveniently at a temperature of 20 to 100 DEG C.  Peracids mentioned are peracetic, perpelargonic, trichloroperacetic, trifluoroperacetic and perpropionic acids.  Alternatively butadiene may be reacted with an aldehyde peracylate as in Specification 735,974.