Patent GB-843318-A (GB)
Title: Metal containing organic compositions and method of preparing same
Inventor: CARLYLE ROBERT LEWIS
IPC: C10M159/20
Filed: 1958-05-14
Abstract: A stable dispersion of a basic metal compound in an oleaginous composition, which dispersion is suitable for addition to lubricating oils to impart detergency and reserve basicity thereto, is prepared by (a) adding an inorganic compound of sodium, barium or calcium to an aliphatic alcohol containing 1-5 carbon atoms, (b) forming an oil-insoluble complex by passing carbon dioxide through the alcohol-inorganic compound mixture, (c) dispersing the resulting complex in an oleaginous carrier containing an oil-soluble dispersing agent, and (d) heating the resulting dispersion to decompose the complex and remove the alcohol.  According to a modification of the process, the oleaginous carrier containing the oil-soluble dispersing agent, mentioned under (c), may be added before step (b) is carried out. The inorganic compounds mentioned are sodium, barium or calcium oxides, hydroxides, borates, carbonates or thiocarbonates, while the aliphatic alcohol may be a C1-C5 alkanol.  The oleaginous carrier mentioned under (c) may be mineral lubricating oil, a vegetable or animal oil or a synthetic oil.  Specified synthetic oils are alkylene polymers, polyglycols and esters thereof, esters of adipic or azelaic acid, tricresyl phosphate and diethyl decanephosphonate.  If desired, the oleaginous carrier may be diluted with a solvent to reduce the viscosity.  Suitable solvents are petroleum naphtha and aliphatic or aromatic hydrocarbons.  The dispersing agent mentioned under (c) may be a sulphonate, a phenolic compound, an anionic organic phosphorus compound, a phosphorussulphide-treated olefin or a metal salt thereof or a metal soap of a carboxylic acid.  Instead of employing sulphonates or metal soaps, the corresponding sulphonic or carboxylic acids may be used, since these are converted to their salts in situ. Sulphonates mentioned include alkyl sulphonates, alkaryl sulphonates, mahogany sulphonates, diphenyl ether sulphonates, naphthalene disulphide sulphonates, diphenylamine sulphonates, dicetyl thianthrene sulphonates, dilauryl beta-naphthol sulphonates, dicapryl nitronaphthalene sulphonates, alkylene sulphonates, hydroxy-substituted paraffin wax sulphonates, chloro-substituted paraffin wax sulphonates, nitroso paraffin wax sulphonates and cycloaliphatic sulphonates. The phenolic materials may be alkyl- or aralkyl-substituted phenols, polyhydric phenols, alkyl phenol sulphides or metal phenates thereof.  The anionic organic phosphorus compounds may be organic acids derived from tri- or pentavalent phosphorus, the corresponding thiophosphorus acids, or the oil-soluble metal salts thereof.  The metal soaps of carboxylic acids include soaps of naphthenic acids (including substituted cycloalkane mono- and dicarboxylic acids and dilauryl decahydronaphthalene carboxylic acids) and higher fatty acids (including chlorostearic acids and ricinoleic acid).  Alternatively, a non-ionic or cationic oil-soluble surface active agent may be employed as the dispersing agent, examples being polyglycol ethers and esters, oxazoline derivatives, imidazoline derivatives, amines and organic quaternary ammonium salts.  In the examples, the inorganic compound employed in (a) is calcium or barium oxide or hydroxide, while the alcohol is methanol, ethanol, isopropanol, n-butanol or n-amyl alcohol.  The oleaginous carrier employed in (c) is mineral lubricating oil or di(2-ethyl-hexyl) azelate, while the dispersing agent is an alkyl benzene sulphonic acid, a calcium or barium salt thereof, or polyoxyethylene sorbitol-4,5-dioleate.  The dispersions produced in some of the examples may be added to mineral lubricating oil containing P2S5-treated paraffin wax olefin to form lubricating compositions.