baber/WOPTO huggingface dataset:
Patent GB-385646-A (GB)
Title: Improved manufacture of a red pigment of iron oxide
IPC: C01G49/06
Filed: 1931-07-09
Abstract: A process of obtaining iron oxide pigments by heating under pressure iron compounds after moistening with dilute ferric salt solutions, such as ferric chloride or sulphate, which if desired may be formed in the mixture by adding acids, is characterized in that the iron compounds used are iron rust, or ferric hydroxides of the same physical structure, having little water and of natural or artificial origin.  Temperatures of 130-150 DEG  C. or over with corresponding pressures up to 6 atmospheres are specified.  The time of heating varies from 1 to 5 hours.  There may be added sulphur up to 30 per cent of the total, either elementary or in chemical combination, for example, as iron sulphur compounds from which it is subsequently liberated.  Operating in this manner, greater dilution of the reaction mixture may be used, a stiff cement-like paste being otherwise employed.  Sulphur is subsequently extracted by a solvent. Suitable artificial ferric hydroxides may be obtained by slowly oxidizing divalent iron compounds, such as the hydroxide with oxygen in a moist acid atmosphere.  Thus, a paste of ferrous sulphide and hydroxide and hydrochloric acid is treated with air in a rotary mixer at ordinary temperature.  Suitable naturally-occurring ferric hydroxides are specified.  In a statement of the prior art, the following attempted processes of producing iron oxide pigments are referred to:--calcination of iron rust, or of precipitated ferric hydroxide with or without ferric chloride; boiling ferric hydroxides under pressure up to 20 atmospheres with water or ferric salt solutions; conversion of ferrosoferric oxide under pressure with oxygen or gases containing it.
Patent GB-1432277-A (GB)
Title: Method for preparatiion of sulphonic acid esters from free sulphonic acids
IPC: C07C303/28
Filed: 1974-05-06
Abstract: 1432277 Sulphonic esters LUBRIZOL CORP 6 May 1974 [7 May 1973] 19833/74 Heading C2C [Also in Division C3] Sulphonic esters are prepared by reacting sulphonic acids or salts thereof with (a) or (B): where R<SP>1</SP> is an optionally substituted aliphatic, cycloaliphatic or araliphatic radical, R<SP>2</SP> and R<SP>3</SP> are H or optionally substituted hydrocarbyl; Z is an anion and y is 1,2 or 3. Reagent (B) may be prepared in situ from an amide (R 2 CON(R<SP>3</SP>) 2 ) and an ester of a strong acid (R<SP>1</SP>Z). Examples prepare methyl and ethyl 2-acrylamido-2- methylpropanesulphonate, ethyl 2-methyl-2- propenesulphonate and methyl p-toluenesulphonate.
Patent GB-418197-A (GB)
Title: Improvements relating to wooden protective coverings for the edges of domestic sinks
IPC: A47B96/20
Filed: 1934-07-09
Abstract: 418,197. Sinks. HOWIE, W. F. C., Hurlford Fireclay Works, Kilmarnock, Ayrshire. July 9, 1934, No. 20047. [Class 26.] A protective covering for the edges of domestic sinks comprises a matrix of wooden laths 1 interconnected by contractile wire hoops laced through the laths and provided with heads 3. The hoops are tensioned to bend the matrix to arcuate form so that its inner edges grip the wall of the sink. The face of the matrix engaging the sink may be provided with rubber or like pads 5.
Patent GB-148179-A (GB)
Title: Improvements in ships' anchors
IPC: B63B21/34
Filed: 1920-07-09
Abstract: 148,179. Hein, H. W. J. June 18, 1917, [Convention date]. Addition to 148,178. Anchors. - In " stockless " anchors having pivoted flukes, as described in the parent Specification, the ribs f which project from the upper and lower faces of the flukes a, at the inner edges thereof, are continued of appreciable height up to the tips of the flukes. The flukes and the ribs are there cut off in a transverse plane perpendicular to the plane of the flukes.
Patent GB-419319-A (GB)
Title: Improvements in horse shoes with exchangeable calks
IPC: A01L1/04
Filed: 1933-07-15
Abstract: 419,319. Horseshoes. MIOEN, 0., 7, Stavgardsgata,n, Appelviken, Sweden. July 15, 1933, No. 20101. Convention date, July 16, 1932. [Class 67.] A socket for receiving a calk 2 comprises two slightly tapering members 3, 4 driven from the hoof side into a rectangular hole in the shoe and wedged together therein, with lips 11 engaging corresponding recesses. The members may be prevented from assuming an oblique position by pressing the material of the shoe between them to some extent at the ends of the holes, a suitable tool for this purpose being shown in Fig. 7. Each member is formed at one end with an inward projection 8 co-operating with a recess 9 in the other member, while the calk 2 is provided with tangs 7 so that as it is driven in, the tangs strike the projections and are bent to either side to hold the calk, lateral movement being prevented by engagement of a wedge-shaped projection 5 with a groove 6.
Patent GB-358060-A (GB)
Title: Improvements in or relating to electrical glow discharge devices
IPC: G04B27/06
Filed: 1930-07-02
Abstract: 358,060. Discharge lamps. ELECTRICAL RESEARCH PRODUCTS, Inc., 195, Broadway, New York, U.S.A.-(Assignees of Weinhart, H. W. ; 61, Dayton Street, Elizabeth, New Jersey, U.S.A.) July 2, 1930, No. 20137. Convention date, Oct. 23, 1929. Addition to 357,590. [Class 39 (i).] In a lamp in which the discharge is confined to a small portion of the cathode, the temperature of which is controlled by a cooling medium, according to the parent Specification, the cathode forms part of the envelope and consists of a cylinder closed at one end and sealed at the other end to a re-entrant part of the insulating envelope, and the anode is in the form of a ring, surrounding or opposite to the closed end of the cathode. As shown in the Figure, the cathode consists of a cylinder 5 closed at one end by a flat plate 6 forming the active surface, and provided at the other end with a frustro-conical part 5 sealed to a re-entrant tube. The plate 6 is polished and plated with beryllium. A sleeve 7 of insulating material, such as that known by the registered Trade Mark " Pyrex," is secured to the cathode by wires 8, and supports a sleeve 9 carrying an anode in the form of a nickel ring 9 parallel to the plate 6. A receptacle 13, closed at one end and carrying tubes 16 for the circulation of a cooling medium such as water, is mounted within the cathode, and is connected with it by a fluidtight ring 14. The filling may be argon, helium, or neon at a pressure of 10 mms. with or without 1-10 per cent of nitrogen, hydrogen, carbon dioxide, or water vapour. The Specification as open to inspection under Sect. 91 (3) (a) comprises also a lamp in which the cathode consists of a thimble-shaped metal section sealed to a glass section having a barrier closing the cathode except for a restricted opening, which is surrounded by the anode. A water jacket surrounds the cathode. This subject-matter does not appear in the Specification as accepted.
Patent GB-460888-A (GB)
Title: Improvements in the manufacture and production of alkylene imines
IPC: C07D203/08
Filed: 1935-07-15
Abstract: Alkylene imines are obtained by the action of solutions or dispersions of alkaline reagents on the sulphuric esters of 1 : 2- or 1 : 3-alkylolamines or their C- or N-alkyl, -cycloalkyl, -aryl or -aralkyl substitution products.  The alkaline reagent may be a solution of a caustic alkali or alkaline earth in water or an organic solvent such as methyl, ethyl or butyl alcohol, or a solution of an alkali alcoholate.  The reaction may be effected at 50--200 DEG  C. and atmospheric or raised pressure, and the imines may be recovered by distillation, preferably in an inert atmosphere; an organic solvent may be added to the distillate during or after the distillation.  Examples are given in which (1) ethanolamine sulphuric ester yields ethylene imine; (2) N-methylethanolamine sulphuric ester yields N-methylethylene imine; (3) 1 : 2- and 1 : 3-propanolamine sulphuric esters yield 1 : 2- and 1 : 3-propylene imine; (4) N-butylethanolamine sulphuric ester yields N-butylethylene imine; (5) N-cyclohexylethanolamine sulphuric ester yields N - cyclohexylethylene imine; (6) 2-aminobutanol-1 sulphuric ester yields C-ethylethylene imine; (7) N-hydroxyethylaniline sulphuric ester yields N-phenylethylene imine; (7) N - dodecylethanolamine sulphuric ester yields N-dodecylethylene imine; (8) a mixture of N-alkylethylene imines is obtained from the sulphuric esters of an N-alkylethanolamine mixture obtained by the action of ethylene oxide on a mixture of aliphatic amines containing 5--7 carbon atoms, this mixture being obtained by the action of ammonia on the catalytic hydrogenation products of carbon monoxide.
Patent GB-809340-A (GB)
Title: Polymers and photographic emulsions containing them
IPC: C08F8/14
Filed: 1956-06-29
Abstract: Hydrophilic film-forming polymers containing 0.4 to 2.5 mol per cent of units of formula (a) <FORM:0809340/IV (a)/1> or (b) <FORM:0809340/IV (a)/2> where X is -COCH2CN and R is H or CH3, the remainder of the units in the polymers being -CH2CH(OH)-, may be prepared by (a) partially esterifying polyvinyl alcohol with cyanoacetic acid or with chloracetic acid and reacting the product with potassium cyanide, or (b) copolymerizing N-allylcyanoacetamide or N-methallylcyanoacetamide with a vinyl ester, e.g. vinyl acetate, propionate or butyrate, and alcoholysing the ester groups in the presence of an acid catalyst. Copolymerization may be effected in bulk or in solution, e.g. in methanol, in the presence of catalyst, e.g. potassium persulphate and benzoyl peroxide, and excess vinyl ester removed from the product by distillation.  Photographic emulsions (see Group XX), may be prepared by mixing a dispersion of silver halide in aqueous solutions of the polymers, or by precipitating silver halides in such solutions, and may be coated on paper or cellulose ester films, and hardened by treating with alkali or an aldehyde or derivative thereof, e.g. formaldehyde, trioxymethylene, sodium formaldehyde bisulphite, b -methyl glutaraldehyde or its bisulphite complex.  When coated on an alkaline support or on paper containing an aldehyde the emulsions harden on drying. Specification 649,545, [Group IV (b)], is referred to.ALSO:N-allyl cyanoacetamide and N-methallyl cyanoacetamide are prepared by condensing ethyl cyanoacetate with allylamine and methallylamine respectively.
Patent GB-1352181-A (GB)
Title: Counting and printing machines
IPC: G06C11/00
Filed: 1971-04-19
Abstract: 1352181 Operation counters in printing and counting machines HASLER AG 19 April 1971 [29 Jan 1970] 20356/71 Heading G4T A printing and counting machine such as a cash register includes two multi-denominational counters 10, each comprising a rotatable wheel/ pinion combination for each denomination, a rack 7 for each denomination engaging corresponding denomination pinions of both counters, and a pawl 6 engageable with teeth 7a of the lowest denomination rack (and additionally with other racks if a carry is to be effected) and movable thereafter to shift such rack(s) and thus effect incremental rotation of the corresponding denomination counter wheels of both counters simultaneously. For each rotation of the cash register main shaft (not shown), a shaft 4 rotates to rock a lever 5 about 5c and thus oscillate the pivot shaft 5d of the pawl 6. This oscillation of pawl 6 shifts the rack(s) one step to the left if a cam la is positioned as shown. The position of the shifted rack(s) is held against springs 7b by pawls 8. Cam 1a is positioned as shown when the cash register is performing a total-taking operation and the number of such operations are therefore counted. For any other operation, e.g. sub-totalling or addition, the high 1b of cam 1a rocks a lever 2 which acts through pin and slot 3a, 6a to hold the pawl 6 out of engagement with the racks to render oscillations of the pawl ineffective. Tens transfer. On the tenth leftward step of a rack, a pin 7a lifts pawl 8, where it is held by a latch 9, and the rack is returned to its zero position by spring 7b, the corresponding counter wheels also returning to zero. At the completion of this stroke, a pin 7d disengages the latch 9 from the pawl 8, which returns to its operative position. Upon the next operative oscillation of pawl 6, the highest step 6d engages in a deep notch formed in the lowest denomination rack so that an intermediate step of the pawl can engage the intermediate denomination rack to effect the tens transfer. In case the spring 7b should break or some other fault arise, a slide 13 is provided for ensuring that not more than ten steps of leftward movement are imparted to the racks. At the tenth step, a part 13c of the slide 13 lifts the pawl 6 to its inoperative position.
Patent GB-123721-A (GB)
Title: Improvements in the Construction of Ships Wholly or in Part of Reinforced Concrete.
Inventor: BARTELS KNUD EDVARD HENRIK
IPC: B63B5/18
Filed: 1918-12-07
Abstract: 123,721. Bartels, K. E. H. Feb. 28, 1918, [Convention date]. Addition to 121,720. Concrete vessels. - In reinforcedconcrete vessels of the type described in the parent Specification, in which the bottom is constructed of a braced girder with parallel chords, and the stem and stern are solid, the stem and stern are modified so that they are constructed as braced structures, and the bottom, stem, and stern, form a single bowshaped girder. The upper and lower members, Figs. 1 and 2, are connected by diagonals 3 which may be open or solid, the planes of which may be parallel either to the longitudinal or transverse axis of the girder, or both. In the latter case, rows of pyramids will be formed by the intersection of the diagonals. No vertical bracing members are provided, and the side frames 10 of the ship are extended downwards to the member 2 only, and not across the bottom. The parts 5, 6 of the stem girder and the parts 7, 8, 9 of the stern girder are adapted to form watertight bulkheads. The top and bottom chords may be strengthened by longitudinal ribs 11 on their lower and upper sides respectively. The sides of the ship may be of reinforced concrete, wood, or iron.
Patent GB-640496-A (GB)
Title: Improvements in or relating to galvanic cells
IPC: H01M6/04
Filed: 1948-07-30
Abstract: 640,496. Batteries. WALZ, H. P. H. July 30, 1948, No. 20388. [Class 53] The negative electrode of a primary or secondary battery consists of an amalgam of an alkali metal with mercury. The electrolyte is a solution of caustic potash or soda and the positive electrode is copper oxide, silver oxide, nickel oxide or other oxide insoluble in the electrolyte. Depolarization may also be effected by air by using a carbon electrode. Sodium or potassium or both may be used in the negative electrode, the quantity being sufficiently small, e.g. 0.5 per cent, to retain the amalgam in the liquid state. The alkali metal may be renewed by adding pellets of solid amalgam containing a greater quantity of the metal, e.g. 23 per cent of sodium. Fig. 1 shows a single cell with a sodium amalgam electrode 10 connected to a terminal 13 by a copper rod 12 and wire loop 11, the positive electrode consisting of copper oxide in a receptacle 7 of copper wire mesh or perforated copper sheet. The filling tube 3 with air-tight screw cap 4 is situated at one side of the cover 2 to prevent amalgam introduced into the cell through the tube from making contact with the positive electrode. The strength of the electrolyte increases during the operation of the cell and to bring it back to normal concentration the cell is inverted with the filler tube 3 open. A quantity of the concentrated electrolyte is retained in the cell by the depending portion 3a of the tube and the cell is then restored to its normal position and filled with water. Fig. 3 shows an arrangement for automatically renewing the amalgam as the sodium is used up. Mercury in a reservoir 50 flows through a valve-controlled pipe 53 into a chamber 54 containing sodium and filled with paraffin and the amalgam passes through a pipe 58 into the cell. Mercury left in the cell after the sodium has dissolved in the electrolyte is removed through a tube 59a and returned to the reservoir 50.
Patent GB-136600-A (GB)
Title: Improved Apparatus for Determining the Direction of Arriving Electromagnetic Waves.
Inventor: ERSKINE-MURRAY JAMES
IPC: G01S1/02
Filed: 1918-12-09
Abstract: 136,600. Murray, J. Erskine-, and Robinson, J. Dec. 9, 1918. Bearings, determining wirelessly. -In apparatus for determining the direction of arriving electro-magnetic waves by obtaining equality of .signal strength for two positions of a rotatable aerial or goniometer coil, a pair of adjustable stops are provided forming contacts for connecting the receiving-coil to the detector circuits, thereby rendering the signals inaudible for positions of the coil intermediate to the stops. Fig. 1 shows the electrical connexions, and Fig. 2 the indicating-apparatus. The directive reception coil 3, which may be an aerial coil or may be the movable coil of a radio-goniometer, has one terminal 4 placed between two separated contacts 1 by which the circuit may be completed through a condenser 2, the detector being connected across the condenser. The contacts 1 are mounted on arms G carried on a disk A centrally pivoted on the base B. The contact 4 is mounted on an arm F which can turn independently on the same centre. In using the apparatus, the arm F is oscillated between contacts 1, and at the same time the disk A and arms G are turned until the signals are of equal strength. A mark on the disk A midway between the arms G then indicates the direction of the waves. The angle between the arms G is adjusted by rotating an oppositely-threaded shaft D.
Patent GB-303423-A (GB)
Title: Improvements in or relating to oil fuel lamps for heating purposes
IPC: F23D3/00
Filed: 1927-08-02
Abstract: 303,423. Richardson, A. W. Aug. 2, 1927. Wich burners, annular blue flame; wicks. - An annular wick burner arranged in an oil chamber comprises an inner tube 6 forming a primary air passage having at its lower end air inlets regulable by means of a correspondingly perforated sleeve 8, an outer tube 12 of glass or other poor heat-conducting material, a wick 14 arranged between the tube 12 and a sleeve 2 surrounding the tube 6, and means for regulating the secondary air supply to the outside of the wick. In the burner shown, which is suitable for heating the generator of a refrigerating apparatus, the secondary air-regulating means consist of a sleeve 17 having a flared lowered end fitted in the lower end of the flue 16 and the tube 12 which may be adjusted in height by rotating a nut 13 screwing into the top of the chamber 1. The sleeve 17 may be adjustably mounted in the flue 16. The tube 6 is rendered vertically adjustable by being mounted in a nut 7 screwing into the bottom of the chamber 1. The wick is adjusted by a handle 15 so as to be above the tube 12 at starting. When the tube 12 has become hot it is lowered so that a heated zone is formed at the top of the tube and the vaporized fuel mixes with the air to form a .combustible mixture a short distance away from the wick. Suitable dimensions for the various parts are stated in the Specification. Specification 303,931 is referred to. The wick may be replaced by a number of thin rods having capillary passages between them. One Provisional Specification states that the sleeve may be formed with holes which may be moved into register with the holes in the flue.
Patent GB-1315746-A (GB)
Title: Line pressure regulator valve
IPC: F16H61/64
Filed: 1971-04-19
Abstract: 1315746 Change-speed control NISSAN MOTOR CO Ltd 19 April 1971 [30 Jan 1970] 20468/71 Heading F2D In a pressure regulator valve 14, receiving pump pressure 26 and controlling line pressure 56 in an automotive automatic transmission, and loaded leftwards, to close an exhaust port 50 and increase communication between supply and delivery ports 44, 42 for line pressure increase, by spring and TV pressure 78 from an engine-intake-loaded valve 16, and rightwards, for line pressing decrease, by line pressure 56 fed back to a port 38, the feed-back port 38 has a restrictor 38a to delay the feed-back response during engagement of a ratio clutch or brake, to produce a rapid initial flow rate, and a second restrictor 54a directly connects the supply and delivery pressure lines 26, 56 to result in a gradual increase in line pressure 56 as the flow rate is reduced.
Patent GB-591816-A (GB)
Title: Process for the production of nitro-olefines
Filed: 1944-10-23
Abstract: Nitro-olefines, other than a -nitro-isobutene, containing more than two carbon atoms are prepared by reacting the corresponding dinitroparaffins in which the nitrogroups are on adjacent carbon atoms, at least one of which is attached to a hydrogen atom, by reaction in the presence of water with a basic substance such as urea, and the oxides, hydroxides, and carbonates of the alkali metals, ammonium, alkaline earth metals, magnesium, lead and zinc. The dinitroparaffin is preferably used in comminuted form or in solution in a solvent.  In the examples: (1) aqueous sodium hydroxide is reacted with 1 : 2-dinitro-propane in methanol. Polynitropropylene is precipitated on acidification; (2) 1 : 2-dinitro-2 : 4 : 4-tri-methyl pentane is reacted with aqueous sodium hydroxide giving 1-nitro-2 : 4 : 4-trimethyl-pentene-1; (3) 2 : 3-dinitro-butane is treated with potassium hydroxide to give 2-nitro-2-butene. Specifications 572,891, [Group XX], and 580,256 are referred to.
Patent GB-1261092-A (GB)
Title: Improvements in or relating to burner monitor apparatus
IPC: F23N5/08
Filed: 1969-04-22
Abstract: 1,261,092. Controlling burners. KOCKUMS MEKANISKA VERKSTADS A.B. 22 April, 1969 [29 April, 1968], No. 20530/69. Heading F4T. In a furnace comprising two or more burners, with each of which is associated a light-sensitive flame detector, the risk of spurious operation of the detectors (photo-cells U1, U2) due to activation by burners other than that directly adjacent, or due to obscuring by dirt, is reduced by means of amplifiers F1, F2 operating control relays H1, H2, the reference voltage of each amplifier being dependent on the outputs of all the photo-cells, and the applied voltage being dependent on the output of the individual associated photo-cell. Failure of a flame therefore affects the reference voltage as well as the applied voltage, and the overall effect is sufficient to operate a relay to shut off supply of fuel oil to a burner, whereas a corresponding change in the applied voltage only might be inadequate. The photo-cells may be sensitive to ultra-violet light.
Patent GB-586614-A (GB)
Title: Improvements in variable speed hydraulic transmission
IPC: F16H39/32
Filed: 1944-10-23
Abstract: 586,614. Hydraulic variable speed gears. SEGSWORTH, R. S. Oct. 23, 1944, No. 20538. [Class 69 (ii)] A hydraulic variable speed transmission comprises a vane pump 8 and vane motor 12 mounted in parallel but offset driving and driven shafts 7, 11 in a common cylinder 15, adjustable transversely to vary the speed ratio. The casing is slidably supported on rods 20, 21 slotted to form valves adapted upon rotation to direct the pump suction and discharge through passages 29, 26 from and to the motor ; or for reverse drive through passages 34, 35. The driving and driven shafts are mounted eccentrically in adjustable bushes 3, 4.
Patent GB-878187-A (GB)
Title: Vertical shaft kiln for calcining limestone
Inventor: ERASMUS HENDRIK DE WET
IPC: C04B2/12
Filed: 1958-06-27
Abstract: <PICT:0878187/III/1> In a process for calcining lime or dolomite, the raw material mixed with coke passes downwardly in a shaft furnace 10 (see Group XII) over a series of water-cooled beams 20 vertically and horizontally spaced from one another in staggered relationship and supplying a combustible fluid fuel mixture to be burned in the charge interstices.  Carbon monoxide or oil or gas fuels may be employed. Secondary air supplied through the discharge shoots 18 or through slots 72 in air ducts 70 cools the calcined charge and rises through the shaft to complete combustion of the aforesaid fluid mixture. Specification 603,657 is referred to.