baber/WOPTO huggingface dataset:
Patent EP-0473258-A2 (EP)
Inventor: WAKEMAN ANTHONY CLAUDE
IPC: F02B41/04
Filed: 1991-06-18
Abstract: The invention relates to an internal combustion engine comprising at least one combustion chamber having an inlet valve and an outlet valve, the or each chamber being in communication with an inlet manifold when the inlet valve of the or each chamber is open, a piston reciprocable in the or each chamber to define a variable volume space therein, and means for controlling timing of the opening and closing of the inlet valve of the or each chamber so that opening occurs at a time when pressure in the or each chamber is lower than pressure in said inlet manifold, and the pressure differential across the inlet valve at said time is such that said opening of the inlet valve creates an in-flow to the or each chamber generating turbulence, at least some of which is present when combustion occurs in the or each chamber. Preferably, the inlet valve opens and closes twice during the induction and compression strokes, the first opening occurring at T.D.C. (A) and closing during the induction stroke (E), the second opening occurring at B.D.C. (B) or after it (G), and closing before the compression stroke finishes. Alternatively the outlet valve closing occurs after the end of the exhaust stroke and a single opening of the inlet valve occurs after the outlet valve closes, in order to produce said turbulence. A method of operating such an engine is also disclosed.
Patent EP-0465053-A2 (EP)
Inventor: MAEDA YASUAKI
IPC: G11B27/32
Filed: 1991-06-20
Abstract: During recording inputted data are sequentially written into a memory (14) at one transfer rate and are read out at a second, higher transfer rate for recording on a record medium (2). The reading of the memory (14) is such that data in a preset first amount are successively read from the memory (14) to always ensure a write space in the memory (14) which has a capacity which is higher than a predetermined second amount when the amount of the inputted data stored in the memory (14) exceeds the first amount. During playback, the recorded data are reproduced at a second transfer rate, which is higher than a first transfer rate required for outputting the reproduced data, and are written in a memory (22). The thus written data are successively read out of the memory (22) as reproduced output data at the first transfer rate. The writing of the reproduced data to the memory (22) is controlled so that a second amount of the reproduced data is written into the memory (22) and an amount of reproduced data, not less than a first amount, is always stored in the memory (22) when the amount of the reproduced data stored in the memory (22) becomes not higher than the first given amount.
Patent EP-0486130-A2 (EP)
Inventor: DIVAN DEEPAKRAJ M
IPC: H02M7/538
Filed: 1991-06-21
Abstract: A power conversion apparatus (20) circuit includes pairs of rectifying devices (48,49) connected together at a first node, a pair of capacitors (50, 51) connected together at a second node, and pairs of controllable switching devices (53,54) connected together at a third node, each of the pairs being connected in parallel by DC bus lines (58,59). The AC power source (21) is connected between the first and second nodes and the output voltage to a load (22) is provided between the first and third nodes. The switching devices (53,54) are controlled to switch on and off at proper times to provide a controllable output voltage to the load (22) which is at the same frequency as the input voltage and which may be controlled from zero to substantially twice the peak-to-peak input voltage. The output voltage waveform provided to the load can be filtered to provide a substantially sinusoidal waveform to the load. The power conversion apparatus (20) can also function as an uninterruptible power system by connecting an energy storage device, such as a large capacitor (140) or a battery (146) across the DC bus lines (58,59), and by controlling the charging of the energy storage device when power is available for the source and discharging the storage device when the power source fails.
Patent EP-0499260-A2 (EP)
Inventor: SAVOLAINEN JOUKO EINO TAPANI
IPC: A23K10/14
Filed: 1992-02-13
Abstract: The present invention relates to a procedure for hydrolyzing keratin, in which procedure the solid keratin ingredient is (a) pretreated with an aqueous solution containing sulphite ions to form denatured keratin, and (b) hydrolyzed with the aid of a proteolytic enzyme to form keratin hydrolysate. The pretreatment is carried out at about 60 to 100 °C and it lasts about 10 minutes to 4 hours. The hydrolysate thus obtained can be treated further for use as fodder addition or to form oligopeptides for use in cosmetics.
Patent EP-0501273-A2 (EP)
Inventor: WERNICKE UBBO DR
IPC: G03D3/13
Filed: 1992-02-18
Abstract: A developing apparatus for photographic material, consisting of more than one tank and means which allow continuous transport of the photographic material through the developing machine, then leads to reduced entrainment of chemicals from one tank into the next one, if the transfer length is 40 to 200 cm.
Patent EP-0503336-A2 (EP)
Inventor: KNIGHT ALAN C
IPC: B61L27/00
Filed: 1992-02-22
Abstract: In the remote-control of substations (UST1) in railway systems, a control command which triggers a control action with a responsibility for safety is initially transmitted without fail-safe security into the substation. Subsequently, the control action is reflected back into the central control station (Z) via the transmission path which has been configured in a fail-safe manner, before said action is carried out. After a further check of the control command, an execution command which acts in a fail-safe manner is transmitted to the substation. A security code which is produced in the substation and stored there is used as the execution command. Said code is transferred to the central control station together with the control action to be reflected back. Said code is input again into the central control station as an execution command, transmitted to the substation in a non-secure fashion and compared there with the original security code. If they correspond to one another, the control action is carried out.
Patent EP-0501441-A2 (EP)
Inventor: OHBA YOZO
IPC: B32B27/00
Filed: 1992-02-26
Abstract: Pencil writable and printable synthetic paper comprising a finely porous polyolefin film layer having an opacity of at least 80% obtained by stretching a polyolefin film containing from 8 to 65% by weight of an inorganic fine powder having on one or both sides thereof a stretched ethylene-vinyl alcohol copolymer film layer, at least one of the stretched ethylene-vinyl alcohol copolymer film layers having a coat layer thereon. When printed, the stretched ethylene-vinyl alcohol copolymer film layer prevents hydrocarbon solvents present in printing inks from penetrating into the polyolefin film layer to eliminate local surface unevenness and curling.
Patent EP-0504722-A2 (EP)
Inventor: BAUER GUENTHER
IPC: B65D88/02
Filed: 1992-03-11
Abstract: In order to be able to group transport containers (10) together in a space-saving manner to form a temporary store, it is proposed that mobile fire protection walls (70, 72) can be assigned to the containers (10) and can be connected releasably to the containers. <IMAGE>
Patent EP-0505867-A2 (EP)
Inventor: RUENGELER ANDREAS DR
IPC: H04B1/12
Filed: 1992-03-16
Abstract: In this method, a signal mixture of a useful signal and an interference signal coming from an adjacent channel is transformed, after analog IF filtering, analog/digital conversion and formation of a quadrature signal, into a complex baseband signal of the form a1 e<i phi 1> + a2 e<i phi 2>, where a1 is the amplitude of the useful signal, a2 the amplitude of the interference signal,  phi 1 the phase of the useful signal and  phi 2 the phase of the interference signal.   By demodulating the interference signal, taking into consideration distortions occurring on the signal path, estimated values for the instantaneous amplitude and instantaneous phase of the interference signal can be determined which are subtracted from the complex baseband signal after remodulation. The interference signal and useful signal are filtered in separate IF filters tuned to the respective frequency response of their spectrum and then estimated values of the instantaneous amplitude of the interference signal on the useful-signal path are obtained with the aid of the IF filter characteristic of the useful-signal path and of the instantaneous frequency of the interference signal determined on the interference-signal path. <IMAGE>
Patent EP-0536590-A2 (EP)
Inventor: NISHIMOTO MITSUHIKO KOYO SEIKO
IPC: B62D5/04
Filed: 1992-09-23
Abstract: An electric power steering apparatus having a main control section (1) and a sub control section (2) both for performing a control relating to a steering assistance, wherein the two control sections mutually detect abnormality each other by monitoring the cycle of a watchdog pulse signal that one control section sends to the other. When abnormality is detected in one or other of the control sections, the steering assistance is disabled. After the abnormal control section is restored to a normal operating state, the disabled steering assistance is released from the disabled state only after the vehicle speed has been reduced to zero. The sub control section detects abnormality in the main control section by performing simple arithmetic operations such as comparison of information relating to the inputs/outputs to and from the main control section.
Patent EP-0542225-A2 (EP)
Inventor: ELMER WERNER
IPC: G05F1/46
Filed: 1992-11-11
Abstract: The present invention relates to a circuit arrangement integrated in a semiconductor circuit. In modern microprocessor systems with high clock rates (50 MHz and more) special chips with narrow tolerance ranges as regards their switching speed are required. The circuit arrangement (10) according to the invention compensates the switching speed fluctuations due to temperature fluctuations and process spread by generating an internal operating voltage (Vib) and controlling said voltage in such a manner that it counteracts the fluctuations of the switching speed due to temperature changes and process spread and compensates said fluctuations.
Patent EP-0501697-A2 (EP)
Inventor: FRASER ALEXANDER G
IPC: G06Q20/40
Filed: 1992-02-21
Abstract: Methods and apparatus for employing a communications system with actively connects communicating entities to mediate transactions. Disclosed are general methods and apparatus for mediating transactions, methods and apparatus permitting information from one transaction to be used in other transactions, and methods and apparatus for performing credit card transactions in which the vendee need not disclose his credit to the vendor. An implementation of a system for performing credit card transactions in a stored program-controlled telephone switching network is also disclosed.
Patent EP-0525939-A2 (EP)
Inventor: GALBRAITH DOUGLAS C
IPC: H01L21/822
Filed: 1992-05-19
Abstract: A method for isolating a first low-voltage circuit node comprising an output of a low-voltage device from a second circuit node which carries high programming voltages during programming of user-programmable interconnect elements includes the step of raising the normal power supply voltage provided to the low-voltage devices to an intermediate level lower than the programming voltage but high enough to protect the outputs of the low voltage devices from damage. The output to be protected is caused to assume a desired state and is then inhibited from changing state during the programming cycle. Programming voltage is then applied to the low voltage circuit node.
Patent EP-0530041-A2 (EP)
Inventor: YAMANOUCHI KAZUHIKO
IPC: H03H9/145
Filed: 1992-08-28
Abstract: In an surface acoustic wave transducer including a substrate made of a piezoelectric material, an input side IDT structure having positive and negative electrodes arranged in an interdigit manner and floating electrodes arranged between successive positive and negative electrodes, and an output side IDT structure having positive and negative electrodes arranged in an interdigit manner and floating electrodes arranged between successive positive and negative electrodes, the electrodes of the input and output side IDT structures are arranged such that a surface acoustic wave propagates in one direction, distances between corresponding tracks in the input and output side IDT structures are linearly changed and lengths of these tracks are changed in accordance with a predetermined window function.
Patent EP-0580909-A2 (EP)
Inventor: MATHEWS PETER CHARLES
IPC: G01N21/898
Filed: 1992-09-29
Abstract: Grain structure defect scanning is accomplished by a pair of light detectors directed toward an inspection point illuminated by a collimated light beam incident upon the inspection surface at a given angle of incidence. One detector, the specular detector, is positioned generally along the specular angle of reflection as defined by the angle of incidence and the other detector, the diffuse detector, lies substantially along the angle of incidence. When specular reflection dominates, as when the inspection point corresponds to clearwood, the specular detector indicates a higher reflective light intensity than the diffuse detector. When diffuse reflection dominates, however, as when the inspection point corresponds to a grain defect, both detectors indicate similar reflective light intensity. Grain defect discrimination is accomplished by calculating a ratio of specular detector output to diffuse detector output. Further analysis of the relative magnitudes of the detector outputs provides a basis for identifying grading marks, such as ink and wax marks, at the inspection point.
Patent EP-0540344-A2 (EP)
Inventor: HIRANO HIROFUMI
IPC: B41J23/02
Filed: 1992-10-30
Abstract: According to the present invention, it is possible to provide an ink jet recording apparatus including a carriage (1) having a mounting portion for an ink jet recording head (2a) for performing recording on a recording medium (8) by ejecting ink from the ink discharging ports (182) to allow the ink jet recording head to travel in given directions, and a recovery mechanism for preventing disabled ejection of the ink jet recording head (2a), which is provided with a driving force transmission mechanism capable of performing positional displacement to a first position for transmitting a driving force from a driving power source to the carriage (1) and to a second position for transmitting the driving force from the driving power source to the recovery mechanism, thus enabling the provision of an ink jet recording apparatus having a recovery mechanism capable of allowing the ink jet recording head (2a) to maintain a stabilized function of ink ejection.
Patent EP-0553640-A2 (EP)
Inventor: KIESEL GERD H DR ING
IPC: B60H1/00
Filed: 1993-01-13
Abstract: An air duct arrangement for the ventilation or air conditioning of a motor vehicle interior compartment is described, which compartment is provided with multi-layer moulded lining elements. In this arrangement, air ducts are bounded in the region of the lining elements by means of two wall parts which are bonded to one another in a permanently elastic manner by means of a connecting flange. One of the said wall parts is respectively formed directly by the lining element itself and the other wall part is formed by a thermoplastic moulded part which is arranged on the rear of the lining element. <IMAGE>
Patent EP-0558016-A2 (EP)
Inventor: YAMAKDA TAKAAKI
IPC: H04N19/192
Filed: 1993-02-25
Abstract: A quantizing number is determined using multiple stages of code amount estimating circuits. Thus, an optimum quantizing number may be selected from among a number of quantizing numbers which is not limited to the number of code amount estimating circuits (53-3, 53-7, 53-11, 54, 56k, 56k+1, 56k+2, 55). The optimum quantizing number is used to quantize a set of blocks of orthogonally transformed image data. The quantized data are encoded using a variable length code. The optimum quantizing number is the one which results in the greatest amount of data that is within a predetermined threshold, permitting an amount of encoded data to be recorded on a magnetic tape in a fixed format.
Patent EP-0565107-A2 (EP)
Inventor: FUJIWARA HIDEYOSHI
IPC: F23G7/05
Filed: 1993-04-08
Abstract: In an apparatus for burning a combustible liquid containing a combustible liquid and water, a furnace (1) has a lower portion, an upper portion and a side portion extending between the lower portion and the upper portion. A burner (2) is placed at the lower portion of the furnace (1) for burning a fuel. A beat exchanger (3A) is connected to the furnace (1) for receiving a hot gas produced in the furnace (1) and heating the combustible liquid so as to vapourize the water. A generator (3B) is connected to the heat exchanger (3A) for generating the vapourized water. A heater (7) is placed at the upper portion of the furnace (1) and connected to the generator (3B) for heating the vapourized water so as to be dried before it enters into the furnace (1).
Patent EP-0567075-A2 (EP)
Inventor: FUKADA TSUYOSHI
IPC: H01L21/3063
Filed: 1993-04-20
Abstract: A method for producing a semiconductor device is capable of solving problems related to dicing a metal thin film used for electrochemical etching. 
     According to the method, an n type epitaxial thin layer (36) is formed on a p type single-crystal silicon wafer (35). An n +  type diffusion layer (38) is formed in a scribe line area on the epitaxial layer (36). An n +  type diffusion layer (39) is formed in an area of the epitaxial layer (36) which corresponds to the predetermined part of the wafter (35). Aluminum film (40, 41) is formed over the diffusion layers (38, 39), respectively. The aluminum film (40) has a clearance (65) for passing a dicing blade (66). Predetermined parts of the wafer (35) are electrochemically etched by supplying electricity through the aluminum film (40), the diffusion layers (38) and (39), to leave predetermined parts of the epitaxial layer (36). The wafer (35) is diced into chips along the scribe line area. Each of the chips forms the semiconductor device. 
     The electrochemical etching of the wafer (35) is carried out after the formation of the aluminum film (40, 41), by immersing the wafer (35) in a KOH aqueous solution (76) and by supplying electricity through the aluminum film (40). The electrochemical etching is terminated at an inflection point where an etching current inflects to a constant level from a peak level. 
     During the electrochemical etching, the diffusion layer (39) reduces horizontal resistance in the epitaxial layer (36), so that the etched parts receive a sufficient potential to perform the etching.
Patent EP-0569983-A2 (EP)
Inventor: AKIYAMA YOSINORI
IPC: H05B3/14
Filed: 1993-05-13
Abstract: A positive-temperature-coefficient thermistor heating device including of a PTC element, a first electrode formed on its surface, a heat radiating means having heat radiating fins and a second electrode, and conductive particles contained in the first electrode and electrically conductive with the second electrode, and, also, a process for production of a positive-temperature-coefficient thermistor heating device including the steps of printing an electrode material paste containing conductive particles on the surface of a PTC element, heating this to bake it on and form a first electrode having a rough surface, and bringing the first electrode and the second electrode of the heat radiating means into contact by the conductive particles.
Patent EP-0574038-A2 (EP)
Inventor: ZOLTAN BART JOSEPH
IPC: A61K9/12
Filed: 1989-09-26
Abstract: An apparatus for use in inhaling pharmaceutical aerosols. The apparatus includes a mouthpiece and a rigid housing for receiving an aerosolized medicine. The rigid housing has one or more orifices which are spaced from the mouth piece so that flow through the housing is possible but is limited by the orifice(s) to a desired volumetric flow rate. The patient is aided by having the initial velocity of the aerosolized medicine reduced to zero by virtue of the initial delivery of the same to the housing interior, and by having the volumetric flow rate of the inhaled medication maintained below required limits thereby providing the conditions for optimal dosing. Further, the ability of the patient to inhale to total lung capacity with the flow through chamber enhances penetration of aerosolized drug to the lung periphery, and improves the ease of use for the patient.
Patent EP-0562737-A2 (EP)
Inventor: SIBA KAZUYOSI
IPC: G11C16/16
Filed: 1993-03-10
Abstract: Of a pair of memory cells Q21 and Q31 sharing the source S1 of the flash memory cell, only one of the paired memory cells is erased, and the other memory cell is then erased. Specifically, the memory cells on an even row A2 is erased, and the memory cells on an odd row A3 are then erased. An erasure preventing voltage is applied to the odd rows, while the even rows are being erased, and to the even rows while the odd rows are being erased.
Patent EP-0617045-A2 (EP)
Inventor: BERGFELD MANFRED JOSEF DR
IPC: C07H15/04
Filed: 1994-03-14
Abstract: A method for the production of alkyl glycosides by continuous reaction of monosaccharides with fatty alcohols in the presence of an acid catalyst is characterised in that monosaccharide, fatty alcohol and catalyst are continuously metered into a stirred vessel, the reaction is carried out under stationary conditions with a conversion of 97 % +/- 2.5 % based on monosaccharide used, water is continuously removed from the stirred vessel, and the reaction mixture is discharged from the stirred vessel in an amount which essentially corresponds to the amount of reactants and catalysts metered in.
Patent EP-0659953-A2 (EP)
Inventor: WILD GUENTER
IPC: E04F13/08
Filed: 1994-07-25
Abstract: The device serves for fitting wall claddings (16) or the like and has means for fastening on a wall (10). It has a horizontal wall fastening rail (22) with a horizontally running central web (32), from whose one end a wall fastening flange (34) projects vertically downwards, while a suspension flange (36) which is remote from the wall projects vertically upwards from its opposite end, and further has a carrying rail (30) which can be fitted on the rear side (28) of the wall cladding (16) or the like and exhibits a cross-sectionally horizontal central web (38), from whose one end a vertical fastening flange (40) projects upwards and from whose other end a carrying flange (42) engaging behind the suspension flange (36) projects downwards. <IMAGE>
Patent EP-0636742-A2 (EP)
Inventor: ELTZ VON DER ANDREAS DR
IPC: D06P3/82
Filed: 1994-07-25
Abstract: Fibre materials are modified with a polymer containing at least one primary or secondary amino group and a bifunctional crosslinking agent, preferably a dialdehyde, and optionally dyed with water soluble, anionic dyes, preferably reactive dyes. The dyeing process with fibre materials modified according to the invention can be carried out low-salt or completely without salt and also alkali-free or using only minimal amounts of alkali.