Patent GB-749134-A (GB)
Abstract: 749,134. Calculating-apparatus. ETABLISSEMENTS JAPY FRERES. Nov. 18, 1953 [Nov. 19, 1952], No. 32001/53. Class 106 (1). In an adding machine adapted also for multiplication and division, the higher orders of the totalizer are employed as a multiplier or quotient register, the differential setting and actuating mechanism being supplemented by a further ordinal mechanism above its highest order adapted to enter a constant " 9 " in order to count-down " 1 " from, or add " 1 " to the multiplier/ quotient register section of the totalizer. Provision may be made for varying this " 9 " to " 10 " or " 1 " in certain circumstances (see below). The tens transfer mechanism is preferably external to the totalizer but, where this is not so, means are provided for disabling the transfer elements of the multiplier/quotient register section of the totalizer. The invention is applicable to Odhner and Thomas type machines, and also to ten-key machines employing a settable pin-carriage. In an Odhner machine (Fig. 1), intermediate wheels 8 of the totalizer in a travelling carriage 7 are actuated by the usual cam disc and pinwheel mechanisms 2, the highest order mechanism only being shown. Each mechanism 2 includes positive and negative transfer teeth 5a and 5b, settable by a transfer cam 6, in addition to the nine teeth 3 settable by the cam disc. Above the highest order mechanism 2 is a further or spacer wheel 12 without teeth and a second further wheel 13 bearing nine fixed teeth 14. The totalizer wheel 11<SP>1</SP> registered with the wheel 12 is marked by a window 19 in a member 18 secured to the machine frame. The multiplication of " 16 " by " 12 " is illustrated diagrammatically in Fig. 5. The multiplier " 12 " is first set on the wheels 2 and entered in the upper part of the totalizer 7 to be visible in the window 7a (Fig. 5a). The upper wheels 2 are then set in the multiplicand " 16 " (Fig. 5b) and the totalizer shifter (Fig. 5c) to place the multiplier just to the left of the window 19 so that the multiplier units order in the totalizer registers with the wheel 13. Two successive additions corresponding to the units " 2 " of the multiplier, are then performed (Figs. 5d and 5e) so that the partial product " 32 " shows on the totalizer, at each of these additions " 9 " is added by the wheel 13 to the units of the multiplier and this is equivalent to subtracting " 1 " so that completion of the partial mutiplication is indicated by the appearance of " 0 " in the totalizer to the left of the window 19. The totalizer is then shifted (Fig. 5f) to bring the tens digit " 1 " to the left of the window 19 and this digit is similarly counted down to zero by a further add operation (Fig. 5g). With the whole of the multiplier counted down to zero order by order by the wheel 13, the product is registered by the totalizer to the right of the window 19. Division is carried out in the usual way by subtracting the divisor set on the wheels 2 from the dividend set on the totalizer. The action is similar to that in multiplication except that the wheels 2, 12 and 13 are operated reversely, and quotient digits are accumulated in the upper part of the totalizer by the wheel 13 adding " 1 " " (i.e. subtracting " 9 ") at each reverse cycle. Each partial division is continued until a " 9 " appears in the window 19, due to a tens carry by the wheel 12, whereupon the machine is actuated forwardly once, to correct the over-subtraction, and the totalizer then step-shifted preparatory to computing the next quotient digit. The wheel 13 is provided with two additional teeth 15 and 16 which can be protruded by actuating a cam control lever 17a. With all eleven teeth active, the wheel 13 can be used as a revolution counter to accumulate product digits in the totalizer by adding in effect " 1 " at each cycle, instead of counting down a preset product as above described. With ten teeth active the wheel 13 is virtually inactive, as is required when entering a dividend in the totalizer. Fig. 2 shows the invention applied to a Thomas machine having, in each order, the usual stepped toothed drum 20 differentially engaged by a pinion 23 which is slidable along a square shaft 24 under key control, and the shaft 24 being geared to a respective totalizer wheel 35. Tens carry is by an additional pinion 32 on the shaft 24 adapted to be shifted, by the transfer lever 39 of lower order and through a link 41 into engagement with a cyclic actuating member 30. To the left of the highest order (that shown) of these key-controlled actuating mechanisms are two further mechanisms. In the first of these mechanisms the square totalizer actuating shaft 43 carries only a transfer pinion 42 which is actuated in the same manner as a pinion 32. The second of the two mechanisms comprises a toothed drum 46 having along its periphery a set of nine teeth 47, a plain section and a single tooth 48. A pinion 45 on the totalizer actuating shaft 44 is adjustable under control of a hand lever 51 so as to engage any one of the three sections of the drum, so that " 9," " 0 " or " 1 " is entered at each machine cycle. The totalizer wheel 35 registered with the first additional mechanism is again marked by a stationary window 19, and the action of the machine in multiplication and division is very similar to that of the machine shown in Fig. 1. In Fig. 3 a stationary totalizer 59 is adapted to be actuated in known manner by differential stop bars (one shown at 58) under control of a traversible pin carriage 55 settable by a tenkey keyboard. The totalizer incorporates a self-contained transfer mechanism, the actuating parts of the higher orders being indicated at 71. In normal add operations, levers 64 are released during a machine cycle to lock those stop bars 58 lying to the left of the pin carriage 55, a stop plate 65 on the carriage retaining all the levers in line with the carriage. According to the invention this plate 65 is adapted to be displaced leftward by operating a handle 68 so as to release for actuation during multiplication and division, also the two stop bars 58 lying to the left of the carriage 55. The first of these two stop bars is, however, arrested in the zero position by a fixed stop 70 secured to the carriage 55 and the corresponding totalizer wheel, which is again marked by a window 19 in a member 18 secured to the carriage, only receives transfers from the next lower order. The second of the two additionally effective stop bars makes a full movement to enter " 9 " into the totalizer wheel to the left of the window and its action is therefore the same as the wheel 13 of Fig. 1. A second control handle 72, interlocked with the handle 68, is also actuated to set the machine for multiplication or division. This handle positions a stop 74 to disable the transfer actuating parts 71 to the left of the window 19, so that these orders of the totalizer function as a multiplier/quotient register in a manner similar to that described above with reference to Fig. 1. If, as explained with reference to Fig. 1, it is desired to enter " 1," instead of " 9," at each cycle by means of the second additionally effective stop bar, a knob 78 is depressed which positions a stop 81a to arrest the stop bar after one step of movement.