Patent GB-1087415-A (GB)
Title: Novel surface-active betaines and preparation and use thereof
Inventor: KOEBNER ADOLF
IPC: C09K23/00
Filed: 1963-06-25
Abstract: Detergent compositions comprise 1-25% by weight of a compound of formula <FORM:1087415/C4-C5/1> where Z is C8- 18 alkyl or alkenyl, or alkylphenyl of 6-16 carbon atoms in the alkyl substituent, p in each oxyalkylene group is 2 or 3, x is 2-20, R1 is C1- 4 alkyl or -(CqH2qO)yH (where q in each oxyalkylene group is 2 or 3 and y is 1-20), R2 is as R1 or Z(OCpH2p)x-, or R1 and R2 together with the nitrogen atom form a 5- or 6-membered heterocyclic ring, and B is -(CHX)2CO2-, (CHX)2SO3-or -(CHX)2OSO3-(where X is hydrogen or one may be CH2 or OH, and z is 1-4); except that when Z is alkyl-phenyl B is not -CH2CO2- (see Division C2); together with at least one anionic or non-ionic surface-active agent.  A liquid detergent composition also consists of or contains an essential mixture comprising 5-90% by weight of a compound as defined above, and 10-95% by weight of water-soluble anionic surface-active agents, which are of formula RC6H4SO3M and/or ROSO3M and/or R(OC2H4)nOSO3M and/or R1C6H4(OC2H4)nOSO3M, where R is C8- 18 alkyl, R1 is C6- 16 alkyl, n has an average value of 1-10, and M is a cation. An aqueous or aqueous-alcoholic medium may be present, the essential mixture comprising 8-20% by weight of the total compositions.  The compositions may also contain as foam stabilizer an alkylolamide of a C8- 18 fatty acid and/or a compound of formula <FORM:1087415/C4-C5/2> where Z, R1, R2 and p are as defined above, m is 0-10, in total amount not more than 30% by weight of the essential mixture.  The compositions may also contain colouring agents, perfumes, hair-conditioning agents such as lanolin, germicidal or medication agents such as hexachlorophene or 2,2,4-trichlorocarbanilide, opacifying agents such as ethylene or propylene gylcol monostearates, thickening agents such as a colloidal or a water-soluble salt of a fatty acid of at least 10 carbon atoms, boosters such as alkylolamides; sodium tripolyphosphate, tetrapotassium pyrophosphate, soda ash, sodium sulphate, sodium metasilicate, sequestering agents such as salts of aminopolycarboxylic acids; hydrotropes such as sodium toluene or xylene sulphonate, and solvents such as alcohols. Inorganic sulphates will be present as impurities in organic sulphates used.ALSO:The invention comprises compounds of the formula <FORM:1087415/C2/1> where Z is C8- 18 alkyl or alkenyl, or alkylphenyl of 6-16 carbon atoms in the alkyl substituent, p in each oxyalkylene group is 2 or 3, x is 2-20, R1 is C1- 4 alkyl or -(CpH2pO)zH (where q in each oxyalkylene group is 2 or 3 and y is 1-20), R2 is as R1 or is Z(OCpH2p)x-, or R1 and R2 together with the nitrogen atom form a 5- or 6-membered heterocyclic ring, and B is -(CHX)2CO2-(CHX)2SO3- or -(CHX)2OSO3-, where X is hydrogen or one of the X's present may be CH3 or OH and z is 1-4; with the proviso that when Z is alkylphenyl, B is not -CH2CO2-; and their preparation by (i) reacting Z(OCpH2p)xNR1R2 with Cl(CHX)2CO2M, Cl(CHX)xSO3M or Cl(CHX)zOSO3M, where M is a cation, by heating in an aqueous or aqueous-alcoholic medium at up to 100 DEG  C., e.g. at pH 7.5-9.0; (ii) (for B as -(CH2)zSO3-, where z is 3 or 4) reacting Z(OCpH2p)xNR1R2 with propane or butane sultone in aqueous, alcoholic or aqueous-alcoholic medium at up to 100 DEG  C.; (iii) (for B as -CqH2qOSO3-, R1 as C1- 4 alkyl, R2 the same as R1 or -CqH2qOH) monosulphating Z(OCpH2p)xN(R12)CqH2qOH (where R1 is H or an R2 group, neutralizing the product with a non-nitrogenous base, and reacting the resulting ester with a quaternating agent.  Lauryl dioxyethylene 2 - hydroxyethylamine is prepared from lauryl dioxyethylene sulphate and monoethanolamine.  The compounds of the invention are surfaceactive (see Division C5).