Patent GB-552085-A (GB)
Title: Improvements in or relating to subbed photographic film elements
IPC: G03C1/91
Filed: 1941-09-19
Abstract: 552,085. Photographic material. DU PONT FILM MANUFACTURING CORPORATION. Sept. 19, 1941, No. 12136. Convention date, Oct. 7, 1940. [Class 98 (ii)] Photographic material includes a support consisting of a fusible, water-insoluble synthetic linear polymer having intra-linear hetero atoms in the main polymer chain and capable of formation into fibres showing molecular orientation along the fibre axis and a substratum layer thereon comprising a reversible film-forming organic colloid, and a monohydric phenol containing at least 7 carbon atoms. The synthetic linear polymers include polyesters, polyamides, polyacetals, polythioureas, polyureas, polycarbamates, and polythiocarbamates. The support may be formed by extrusion, by casting on to a cool metal surface, or by rolling. The films may be improved by cold rolling or by heating under tension with or without simultaneous action of a non-solvent mild swelling agent and allowing to cool under tension. The film-forming organic colloid may be gelatin, glue, casein, zein, albumin, soya bean protein, degraded gelatin, agar-agar, Irish moss, pectin, starch, shellac, rosin, cellulose acetate, cellulose nitrate, ethyl cellulose, polyhexamethylene adipamide, polytriglycol adipamide, polyvinyl alcohol, polyvinyl esters, polyvinyl acetals, polymethacrylic acid, styrene-maleic anhydride interpolymer, poly-n-butyl methacrylate, and alkyd resins. Water-soluble or water-sensitive colloids are preferred. Monohydric phenols include alkylsubstituted hydroxybenzenes, e.g. normal, secondary, tertiary, branched chain and isoalkyl substituted hydroxybenzenes, methoxy, and ethoxy hydroxybenzenes. Specific compounds are o-, m-, and p-cresol, o-, m-, and p-ethylhydroxybenzenes, diamylhydroxybenzenes, 2:3-dimethylphenol, 3-4- dimethylphenol, 2:6-dimethylphenol, 2:4-dimethylphenol, 3:5-dimethylphenol, 2:5 dimethylphenol, thymol, guaiacol, eugenol, 2-methoxy-4-methylphenol, methyl salicylate, and o-hydroxydiphenyl. The substratum coating composition may also include a solvent for the phenol, e.g. methanol or ethanol, water, dispersing agents, stabilizing agents, stabilizing agents, e.g. formic, benzoic, salicyclic, tartaric, maleic, and citric acids, and plasticizers, e.g. glycerol and ethylene glycol. The substratum should be from 0.000045 to 0.0002 inches thick. The light-sensitive layer may be a silver halide emulsion, a diazotype layer, a fulgide layer, or a bichromated colloid layer. A heatsensitive layer comprising silver oxalate or mercurous oxalate in gelatin may also be used. Antihalation and filter layers, and colloid layers contining dye components may also be provided. In example 1, a support of polyhexamethylene adipamide is coated with a composition comprising gelatin, formic acid, m-cresol, and methanol, and then with a silver halide gelatin emulsion. In example 2, a support prepared by heating equimolecular proportions of the adipic acid salt of hexamethylene diamine and the sebacic acid salt of decamethylene diamine for three hours at 250 C. under condensation polymerization conditions is subbed with a mixture of gelatin, cellulose acetate, cresol, methanol, water, and acetone and then coated with a panchromatized gelatino silver bromide emulsion. In example 3, a support of polydecamethylene carbamate is subbed on both sides with a mixture of gelatin, formic acid, thymol, and methanol, and then coated on both sides with gelatino silver bromide emulsion. In example 4, a support comprising an interpolymer of hexamethylene adipamide and ethylene glycol sebacate is subbed with gelatin, o-cresol, water, methanol, salicyclic acid, and N-(n-butyl)-salicylamide, and then coated with a gelatino silver bromide emulsion. Alternative subbing compositions include (a) gelatin, p-tert.-amyl-o-cresol, water, and ethanol ; (b) gelatin, water, salicylic acid, ethanol, and diamyl phenol ; (c) p-tolyenesulphonamide-formaldehyde resin, ethanol, water, and mcresol; (d) methacrylic acid-methacrolein interpolymer, m-cresol, and ethanol ; and (e) cyclohexanesulphonamide-formaldehyde, resin, m-cresol, methanol and acetone. A film for photolithography has a support of an interpolymer of hexamethylene adipamide and ethylene adipate subbed with composition (e) and coated with polyvinyl alcohol sensitized with ammonium dichromate. Agents improving the ink-receptivity life of the film, e.g. maleic anhydride, sebacic acid, 1:5- naphthalenedisulphonic acid, saccharin, and ammonium and sodium linoleates, may be added. A support of polyhexamethylene adipamide is subbed with a composition comprising polyhexamethylene adipamide-caprolactam interpolymer, ethanol, m-cresol, and water, and coated with a layer of lead chloride in gelatin. The film is daylight-insensitive, but ultra-violet, infra-red, and X-ray sensitive. The support of example 2 is subbed with polytriglycoladipamide, ethanol, m-cresol, and water, then coated with gelatin, and then with a gelatin solution containing the silver salt of 6:6<SP>1</SP> dinitro-o-tolidine-dioxamic acid. After exposure, the silver image is removed with a potassium cyanide solution, leaving a red dye image. The subbing compositions may be applied by spreading, beading, dipping, transfer roll, or floating. Sensitizing dyes, desensitizing dyes, fog inhibitors, emulsion stabilizers, colour-formers, and light-filter dyes and pigments may be added to the silver halide (chloride, bromide, chlorobromide or iodobromide) emulsions. The subbing layers may be used in the production of multilayer material. Stripping material may be made by coating paper with a water-soluble agglutinant such as glue or casein, and bringing into contact with a similarly coated surface of a synthetic linear polymer ; after drying, the film is subbed and coated with gelatino silver halide emulsion. The support may be coated on both sides with emulsion for use in colour photography. Thin synthetic linear polymer supports may be used in tripacks. Specifications 458,400; 461,236, 461,237, [both in Group IV], 465,823, 479,838, 484,698, 489,161, 491,958, 497,463, 497,698, 503,318, 504,376, 511,790, 512,542, 522,161, 525,085, [Group IV], and 539,494 are referred to. The Specification as open to inspection under Sect. 91, refers also to a support coated on one or both sides with a waterproofing layer. This subject-matter does not appear in the Specification as accepted.