Patent EA-000275-B1 (EA)
Title: Method for effecting a ratio shift and transmission device for implementing same
Inventor: ANTONOV ROUMEN
IPC: F16H61/02
Filed: 1996-08-16
Abstract: 1. Method for effecting a ratio shift from first transmission ratio to second in a transmission mechanism, having at least two different transmission ratios and comprising an actuator (44, 46, A1), actuating selective coupling means (18, 118) of the transmission mechanism in which after an initiation the process of the ratio shift change at least one related physical value is detected and the actuator (44, 46, A1) is regulated in accordance with the detected meaning value of this value, characterized in that as a detective physical value such physical value (VE/VS) is used, which influence the process of the ratio shift change. 2. Method of Claim 1, characterized in that actuating of the coupling means (7, 107) is regulated only after a predetermined threshold of the physical value is reached. 3. Method of Claim 1 or 2, characterized in that as a physical value a velocity (VE) of rotation before the coupling means is measured and compared with a velocity (VS) of rotation after said coupling means. 4. Method of one of the preceding Claims, characterized in that the initiation of the process of the ratio shift change is actuated not by the actuator (44, 46, A1), but by another means. 5. Method of Claim 4, characterized in that the initiation of the process of the ratio shift change is actuated by sliding of a clutch (18), when the torque to be transmitted by this clutch exceeds the value, defined by means (29, 34) for interaction. 6. Method of Claim 5, characterized in that the actuator (44, 46, A1) is mounted so, that, acting in the direction opposite the action of means (29, 34), it enables the release of the clutch (18), represents a selective coupling means. 7. Method of Claim 5 or 6, characterized in that the release of the clutch is provided by joint action of the actuator (44, 46, A1) and a force of reaction of toothed meshing (PAC) produced by teeth (8, 108), load upon which increases as the torque transmitted by the clutch decreases. 8. Method of Claim 4, characterized in that a second selective coupling means is used as another means. 9. Method of Claim 8, characterized in that one of two coupling means to be actuated, chosen as the second selective coupling means (218) when actuated brings the variation of entry velocity (VE) of the transmission mechanism in the same direction, as the variation of entry velocity, resulting to the ratio shift change. 10. Method of Claim 8 or 9, characterized in that two coupling means (118, 218) are regulated based on the tables (T1, T2) of verity, at least indirectly defining position of the coupling means in accordance with the working parameters (VC, C) of a vehicle, wherein at the ratio shift change in a certain stage, defined in accordance with the meaning of said physical value (VE/VS) the table of verity is changed at least once. 11. Method of Claim 10, characterized in that the change of the table of verity is performed by changing the table (T1), which for changing in said direction of the first ratio shift provides for actuating only second coupling means (28) on the table (T2), which provides for actuating the first coupling means. 12. Method of Claim 10 or 11, characterized in that it is applied in the transmission mechanism in which, starting from the condition, corresponding to the first transmission ratio, actuating the second coupling means (218) not actuating the first coupling means corresponds to one more transmission ratio, and for changing the table of verity perform the change of the table (T1) of verity, providing for direct change of the first transmission ratio upon one more transmission ratio on the second table (T2) of verity, providing for the change said one more transmission ratio to the second transmission ratio. 13. Method of one of 8-12 Claims, characterized in that it is applied in the transmission device, comprising two differentials (107, 207) mounted in series and each of which has two transmission ratios, correspondingly high and low to regulate changes of the transmission ratio from the first transmission ratio to the second, during which one differential (107) is transferred from high transmission ratio to the low, and another differential (207) is transferred from low transmission ratio to the high by actuating two coupling means (118, 218) each of which is associated with one of the differential, and as a coupling means, chosen as a second coupling means a means is used associated with that differential in which a drop between high and low transmission ratio is the greatest. 14. Transmission device for a vehicle, comprising at least one gear drive (7, 107, 207) enabling to change the transmission ratio from the first to the second actuating the selective coupling means (18, 118) also comprising - initiating means to initiate the change the transmission ratios a function of at least one working parameter of a transport vehicle, - detecting means (153, 158) to detect related physical values,  - regulating means to regulate actuating coupling means, characterized in that the detecting means (153, 158) enable to detect the physical value (VE/VS) which can try the influence of the gradual change of the transmission ratio after being initiated. 15. Device of Claim 14, characterized in that the regulating means (152) enable to control actuating the coupling means, when the meaning of said physical value (VE/VS) comes over the predetermined threshold (K1). 16. Device of Claim 14 or 15, characterized in that the detecting means of a physical value comprise detecting means (158) of rotation velocity, mounted before the coupling means (18, 118), remembering, that the energy is passed from the entry (2a) of the transmission device to its exit (2b). 17. Device of one of 14-16 Claims, characterized in that the initiating means comprise means (29, 34) applying interacting force to the coupling means (18), limited so, that when the torque, transferred by a coupling means (18), exceeds the value, determined by said interacting force and the coupling means (18) starts to slip. 18. Device of Claim 17, characterized in that comprising tachometric means (29), setting the interaction force by giving its a value, being increased together with the velocity of the transmission device rotation. 19. Device of Claim 17 or 18, characterized in that comprising means (17, B2) of transmitting to the coupling means (18) in the direction of the axial thrust (PAC) of toothed engagement, acting on the teeth of the gear drive, load on which is ever increasing at the slipping of the coupling means. 20 Device of one of 14-18 Claims, characterized in that the regulating means (152) comprise in the memory at least two tables (T1, T2) of verity, setting the condition of the coupling means (18, 118) as a function of at least one working parameter (VS, C) of a transport vehicle and means of the change of the first (T1) table to the second (T2), when the threshold (K1) is passed by a physical value (VE/VS), wherein the first and second tables of verity provide correspondingly maintaining the condition of the coupling means (18, 118) and changing its condition for current value of the working parameter. 21. Device of one of 14-18 Claims, characterized in that the initiating means comprise a second selective coupling means (218). 22. Device of Claim 21, characterized in that the regulating means (152) comprise in the memory at least two tables (T1, T2) of verity, setting the condition of two selective coupling means (118, 218) as a function of said at least one working parameter (VS, C) of a transport vehicle, and also the means (312, 313) of the change, as functions of the physical value (VE/VS) increase, of the first table (T1)of verity, providing intermediate condition actuating a second coupling means (218), maintaining the condition of the first coupling means (118) to the second table (T2) of verity, providing joint actuating of two coupling means (118, 218) in respect to the condition of the coupling means, setting the first transmission ratio 23. Device of Claim 22, characterized in that in accordance with the second table the intermediate condition is intended for defining one more transmission ratio (R4), when said "at least one" working parameter (VE/VS) takes the value, coming beyond the values, corresponding to the change of the first transmission ratio (R2) to the second transmission ratio (R3). 24. Device of one of 21-23 Claims, characterized in that comprising two gear drives (107, 207) mounted in series and each of which is associated with one coupling means (118, 218), enabling to provide high and low transmission ratios, thresholds between which in both gear drives differ from each other, wherein the first (R2) and the second (R3) transmission ratios are engaged correspondingly by the gear drive with high transmission ratio and with low transmission ratio. 25. Device of Claim 24, characterized in that the regulating means are capable to change transmission ratio from the first transmission ratio (R2) to the extreme transmission ratio (R4) by actuating the second coupling means (218) while maintaining the condition of the first coupling means (18). 26. Device of one of 14-25 Claims, characterized in that comprising damping means (151) intended for delay of actuating at least one selected coupling means (18).