baber/WOPTO huggingface dataset:
Patent RU-2291364-C2 (RU)
Inventor: TRISH FRANK
IPC: F24D3/08
Filed: 2001-02-19
Granted: 2007-01-10
Abstract: FIELD: methods of heat exchange; heating systems. 
     SUBSTANCE: proposed method consists in mixing at least two heat-transfer agents; third or each subsequent heat-transfer agent is introduced in the same passages of straightway chamber of heat exchanger where second heat-transfer agent is introduced without preliminary mixing;  second heat-transfer agent is displaced by third heat-transfer agent and by each subsequent heat-transfer agent; then, heat-transfer agents are passed  through straightway chamber of heat exchanger in parallel to one another. During operation or at rest, place of introduction of third and each subsequent heat-transfer agent is selected automatically or manually so that optimal amount of heat is transferred among heat-transfer agents in any mode of operation. Heat exchanger for two-stage or multi-stage heat exchange among at least three heat-transfer agents includes chambers for inlet and outlet of heat-transfer agents and heat-exchange pack. Connected to at least one heat-transfer agent inlet chamber are two passages for delivery of heat-transfer agents; said chamber is divided into two inlet cavities tightly adjoining its inner wall by means of dividing device entering the passages of heat-exchange pack. It may change angle of inclination and/or depth of penetration into straightway passage both automatically or manually during operation or at rest. Additional chamber for inlet of heat-transfer agents is connected to heat-exchange pack for delivery of each subsequent heat-transfer agent. Chambers for inlet and outlet of heat-transfer agents and additional chamber ensure parallel delivery of heat-transfer agents to  straightway passages of heat-exchange pack without preliminary mixing. 
     EFFECT: enhanced organization of heat exchange among heat-transfer agents. 
     8 cl, 3 dwg
Patent RU-2238199-C2 (RU)
Inventor: TEJT DEREK
IPC: B60T13/66
Filed: 1999-09-15
Granted: 2004-10-20
Abstract: FIELD: railway transport; railway car brake system. 
     SUBSTANCE: proposed brake system operates with use of air delivered to railway train in which at least one of cars is furnished with brake control system. It contains air distribution electronic control devices and pneumoelectric conversion devices for generating electric energy to supply electronic control devices with use of compressed air from said air supply. Air distribution is provided either relying on measured pressure in brake pneumatic control main line, or relying on brake electronic control signal. 
     EFFECT: possibility of using brake pneumatic control system for braking railway train. 
     8 cl, 3 dwg
Patent RU-2200994-C2 (RU)
Title: Method for cleaning radioactive aqueous solutions from radionuclides
Inventor: IVANENKO V I
IPC: G21F9/12
Filed: 2001-05-14
Granted: 2003-03-20
Abstract: FIELD: decontamination of aqueous radioactive solutions. SUBSTANCE: radioactive aqueous solutions are decontaminated at pH of minimum 4 with sorbent such as powdered amorphous titanium phosphate having grain size of minimum 10 mcm. Decontamination process is conducted in steps under counter- current conditions, solution and sorbent being mixed up for time sufficient to ensure equilibrium state between solution and sorbent during each decontamination step. Number of steps N depends on desired degree of cleaning from radionuclides with respect to gamma- and beta-activity according to equation N = (lnC source -lnC end )/(lnK d +lnα), where C source  is gamma- or beta-activity of radionuclides in source solution; C end  is admissible gamma- or beta- activity of radionuclides in end solution; α is mass proportion of sorbent and solution in each step; K d  is radionuclide distribution factor with respect to gamma- or beta-activity. Radionuclide-containing sorbent is separated by filtering or centrifuging and disposed to burial ground. EFFECT: enhanced effectiveness of decontaminating liquid radioactive wastes. 8 cl, 1 tbl
Patent RU-2214028-C2 (RU)
Inventor: TUMANOV I M
IPC: H05B6/06
Filed: 2001-07-10
Granted: 2003-10-10
Abstract: FIELD: electrical engineering, power electronics. SUBSTANCE: invention can be employed to save resources while designing electric energy supply circuit of induction heating furnaces and to save electric energy in process of winning metal in these furnaces. There are proposed methods of control over parameters of electric energy in power supply circuits of induction heating furnaces, circuit of simultaneous power supply of group of induction heating furnaces from single power transformer included. For realization of methods there are developed facilities which make it feasible to integrate treatment of problems of control over voltage across terminals of inductors of group of furnaces at same time in individual elements of facilities, to balance loads in phases and to compensate for reactive power consumed by furnaces. Utilization of transformer-thyristor modules in facility which show wide range of various stationary modes of operation makes it possible to replace existing process of uninterrupted casting of ferrous metals with separate processes. Such approach enables natural magnetic properties of ferrous metals to be utilized and consumption of electric energy per unit of output production to be reduced. Invention makes it possible to decrease usage of materials for manufacture of facility by decreased use of active material for its manufacture, to exclude completely mechanical contacts in transformer equipment and capacitor banks of facility. EFFECT: decreased loss of electric energy in elements of power network, in power transformer and in inductor of furnace. 4 cl, 9 dwg
Patent RU-2211484-C2 (RU)
Inventor: KUVSHINOV A A
IPC: G06G7/25
Filed: 2001-08-27
Granted: 2003-08-27
Abstract: FIELD: computer and converter engineering. SUBSTANCE: relator that can be used as multifunction hardware component of intelligent power systems reproducing various kinds of power conversion depending on setting data signals has differential comparator, two AND gates, EXCLUSIVE OR gate, NOT gate, making and breaking switches built around MIS transistors. EFFECT: enlarged functional capabilities due to enhanced concentration of reproduced kinds of dc and ac power conversion. 1 cl, 1 dwg
Patent RU-2223321-C2 (RU)
Inventor: TIKHENKO V N
IPC: C12P7/06
Filed: 2001-12-25
Granted: 2004-02-10
Abstract: FIELD: alcoholic industry. SUBSTANCE: method involves processing starch-containing raw to pasteurized must in cyclic disperser providing for preparing an aqueous- -flour suspension, homogenization, heating, saccharification and pasteurization of must formed. Then the following stages of cooling, yeast addition, must holding in fermenting tank and distillation are carried out. Disperser rotor diameter is 250 mm, not less, rate rotation value of rotor is 750 rev/min, not less. EFFECT: simplified method for preparing must. 5 cl, 3 dwg
Patent RU-2289263-C2 (RU)
Inventor: NOVIKOV VLADIMIR BORISOVICH
IPC: A23G9/40
Filed: 2002-01-03
Granted: 2006-12-20
Abstract: FIELD: dairy industry. 
     SUBSTANCE: whole milk after delivery and analysis of quality thereof is taken off, separated with simultaneous purification, separated into cream containing 35-42 % of milk fat and defatted milk which are stored separately. Part of cream is used in production of high fat-content cream, containing 61.5 % of fat, and butter-milk, which is introduced in defatted milk. Mixture is agitated and concentrated by reversal osmosis or membrane-free osmosis up to dry matter content of 16-22 %. Further mixture is prepared according to formulation based on said prepared milk components. Mixture is filtered, pasteurized, homogenized and cooled. Then freezing, hardening and pre-packing are carried out. Heat treatment of whole mixture is carried out under soft condition by hot water with temperature of 92-97°C. 
     EFFECT: simplified method; ice cream with improved taste and consistence; decreased energy and raw material consumption. 
     20 cl, 2 dwg, 2 ex
Patent RU-2221206-C2 (RU)
Inventor: KOBELEV N S
IPC: F28C1/00
Filed: 2002-03-04
Granted: 2004-01-10
Abstract: FIELD: water coolers of circulating systems of thermal and nuclear power stations, applicable for cooling of hot water at industrial enterprises. SUBSTANCE: the spray bond has a water-supply pipe-line connected to the pressure header positioned above the pond with a group of spray nozzles in the form of rows separated by air passageways with different heights of the flame, connected in the lower part of the pressure headers are pipe-lines lowered in the direction of the water surface and installed with the aid of floats at the level of the surface, made in the form of posts connected by flexible corrugated inserts with ejectors made on whose inner surface of the expansible parts are helical grooves, the posts with the ejectors in the length of the pressure headers are positioned by pairs that are oriented by their expansible parts towards each other, made on the inner surface of the expansible part of the first of the pair ejectors are helical grooves, whose curvature has a positive direction of rotation of the helical line, and on the inner surface of the expansible part of the second ejector helical grooves are made, whose curvature has a negative direction of rotation of the helical line. EFFECT: enhanced efficiency of cooling due to improved heat exchange because of the enhanced surface of contact of cooled water and atmospheric air at invariable overall dimensions of the spray. 3 dwg
Patent RU-2226637-C2 (RU)
Inventor: IBRAGIMOV N G
IPC: F16L13/02
Filed: 2002-07-02
Granted: 2004-04-10
Abstract: FIELD: pipe line transport; erection of pipe lines provided with inner corrosion-resistant coat. SUBSTANCE: inner diameter of ends of pipes is calibrated and extended prior to application of coat and inner protective bush is placed in joint area; said bush is provided with corrosion-resistant coat and sealing members on outer surface; in center of this bush there is ring made from heat-insulating material. Sealing members are placed in zones of change of inner diameter of pipe ends; outer surface of sealing members corresponds to configuration of inner surface of pipes in said zones and longitudinal mounting size of bush exceeds respective size of extended ends of pipes. Sealing members are made in form of radial circular projections of bush with rings made from elasto-flexible material. EFFECT: enhanced reliability. 6 cl, 4 dwg
Patent RU-2229705-C2 (RU)
Title: Способ оценки электропроводности при переходе вещества в сверхпроводящее состояние
Inventor: ALEKSANDROV B L
IPC: G01N27/02
Filed: 2002-08-22
Granted: 2004-05-27
Abstract: Изобретение относится к измерениям электропроводящих величин вещества. Сущность: способ осуществляется путем определения лабораторными или промыслово-геофизическими методами макроскопических параметров, включающих коэффициенты различных видов пористости, влагонасыщения, содержания примесей, удельного сопротивления воды, степени извилистости пор. Учитывают микроскопические параметры вещества, включающие коэффициенты межмолекулярной пористости, структурного параметра кристаллической решетки, удельное электрическое сопротивление потока электронов (электронной жидкости), отношение площадей фотонных оболочек электронов к сечению межмолекулярных пор, которые определяют физическими методами на основании размеров атомно-молекулярного строения вещества. Электропроводность определяют по расчетной формуле, которая учитывает наличие всех возможных каналов для движения электронов проводимости и ионов солей. Техническим результатом изобретения является получение достоверной информации об электропроводности всего класса веществ, в том числе при переходе в сверхпроводящее состояние. 9 табл., 1 ил.
Patent RU-2229445-C2 (RU)
Title: Method of automatic control of process of industrial waste water purification
Inventor: ZVEZDIN N N
IPC: C02F1/463
Filed: 2002-08-26
Granted: 2004-05-27
Abstract: FIELD: industrial waste water purification. SUBSTANCE: the invention presents a method of automatic control of process of industrial waste water purification and is dealt with automation of the process of purification of the industrial enterprises waste water in particular. The method provides for neutralization of the industrial waste water by introduction in the waste water of an acid solution or an alkali liquor to bring it to a set value of pH. The acid solution or an alkali liquor is fed into a collector of industrial plant effluents. Depending on their concentration the effluents are fed either in an electrical coagulator or in a galvanic coagulator for purification. Regulation of quality of the effluents purification in the electrical coagulator is exercised by regulation of current with due account of the effluents electrical conductance. After that they carry out the settling process by means of an overflow of the effluents from one settler into another with the help of the electrical damper plates. To speed-up the settling process polyacrylamide is introduced and the insoluble sediments are passed through the desalination filters for purifying from salt and through the fine filters. Then the sediments are dehydrated and purified water is fed in a line of the galvanic coagulator for further purification. The given method allows to improve the quality of the industrial waste water purification for its utilization in the industrial turnaround cycle. EFFECT: the invention allows to improve the quality of purification of the industrial waste water making it possible for repeated implementation in the production process. 1 dwg
Patent RU-2260642-C2 (RU)
Inventor: SIMONOV V F
IPC: E04D11/00
Filed: 2002-10-14
Granted: 2005-09-20
Abstract: FIELD: construction materials, in particular, roofing sheet used in construction of storehouses in industrial and agricultural production. 
     SUBSTANCE: roofing sheet is made in the form of laminated fiber glass plastic manufactured by vacuum molding method. Fiber glass plastic has fiber glass sheets impregnated with binder. Layer of dry fiber glass is arranged between binder-impregnated fiber glass layers. 
     EFFECT: reduced porosity of outer layer surfaces and, as a consequence, improved water absorption of fiber glass plastic material. 
     2 dwg
Patent RU-2233750-C2 (RU)
Inventor: BELOV V V RU
IPC: B60L5/00
Filed: 2002-10-21
Granted: 2004-08-10
Abstract: FIELD: transport engineering. 
     SUBSTANCE: proposed current collector carriage contains base with hinge-mounted uprights on which current-collecting elements are mounted. Current-collecting inserts are interconnected by flexible tie made of current-conduction material. Uprights are furnished with levers installed at angle of 90 o  to axis of upright proper, thus forming bell crank. Levers can be adjusted in length being interconnected by springs. Stops are installed on base from both sides of spring. In process of operation, current-collecting elements are in contact with current conductor. Carriage of current collector is made so that uprights form parallelogram by hinge joints, and current-collecting elements execute plane-parallel motion. 
     EFFECT: improved reliability of carriage. 
     3 cl, 6 dwg
Patent RU-2249390-C2 (RU)
Inventor: KVASENKOV O I
IPC: A23L21/10
Filed: 2002-11-19
Granted: 2005-04-10
Abstract: FIELD: food industry, canned food production. 
     SUBSTANCE: the present innovation deals with preparing raw material followed by its packaging together with boiled water. Moreover, before packaging one should supplement boiled water with a preparation obtained due to successive extracting Mortierella gemmifera micromycete biomass with a nonpolar extracting agent in supercritical state with water, alkali, water, acid, water, alkali and water followed by combining the first extract with a solid residue at the quantity of 0.2-0.5% against the weight of canned food. The present innovation enables to increase the quality of the target product and decrease its corrosive activity. 
     EFFECT: higher efficiency of manufacturing. 
     2 tbl
Patent RU-2307771-C2 (RU)
Inventor: VELIKANOV ALEKSEJ VIKTOROVICH
IPC: B64F1/22
Filed: 2002-12-05
Granted: 2007-10-10
Abstract: Изобретение относится к области наземного обслуживания воздушных судов, в частности к устройствам их транспортировки. Устройство содержит тягач 1, оборудованный стационарной силовой установкой 2, водило 4, соединенное с корпусом тягача и несущее на конце захват, взаимодействующий с передней стойкой шасси воздушного судна. К основным стойкам шасси воздушного судна крепится механизм фиксации быстросъемного приспособления для передачи крутящего момента на колеса шасси воздушного судна, включающего в себя редуктор и гидромоторы и преобразующего энергию силовой установки в крутящий момент на колеса основных стоек шасси воздушного судна, делая их ведущими на момент транспортировки. Изобретение увеличивает полезную силу тяги агрегата и повышает его проходимость. 3 ил.
Patent RU-2247973-C2 (RU)
Inventor: KALUGIN I V
IPC: G01N25/66
Filed: 2002-12-06
Granted: 2005-03-10
Abstract: FIELD: measurement technology. 
     SUBSTANCE: device has two units. The first one combines mechanical units and has casing, connection tube with gas duct. The tube branches into the main one and internal one placed inside, electrically connected to each other. Filter collecting moisture is mounted on entry to the internal tube. The third tube having entry closed from the gas flow side is formed above the internal tube surface. The fourth tube is located in the third tube. The fourth and the third tube go out from the main one. The fourth one is connected to pump which outlet is separately connected to cooler and heater. Dielectric layers cover external surface of the third tube and internal surface of the fourth one. Its dielectric properties depend on moisture amount. The dielectric layers are covered with reticular electrodes bearing temperature gages attached to them. The second unit is electric circuit for shaping, processing and recording electric signal. It has generator, bridge circuit, differential amplifier, recorder and two-channeled amplifier. 
     EFFECT: high accuracy in concurrently measuring humidity and temperature. 
     2 dwg
Patent RU-2242731-C2 (RU)
Inventor: IVANOV A I
IPC: G01M7/08
Filed: 2003-01-04
Granted: 2004-12-20
Abstract: FIELD: testing engineering. 
     SUBSTANCE: bench has table for securing the article to be tested, which is mounted in the central part of the flexible member connected with the base, and means for producing impact loading. The flexible member is made of a stack of plate springs and mounted inside the casing. The table is provided with two-sided stops for the flexible member to provide changing position and is mounted for permitting longitudinal movement with respect to it. The means for producing impact loading can be made of detachable member connected with the working table and falling weight. The bench can be provided with a stop secured to the base and interacting with the detachable member. 
     EFFECT: enhanced reliability. 
     3 cl, 4 dwg
Patent RU-2250630-C2 (RU)
Inventor: KVASENKOV O I
IPC: A23G3/00
Filed: 2003-03-27
Granted: 2005-04-27
Abstract: FIELD: food industry, confectionary industry. 
     SUBSTANCE: the present innovation deals with technology for obtaining soft caramel. Due to applying the mixture of acidic polysaccharides with a preparation obtained out of Mortierella alpina micromycete biomass according to the preset technique it is possible to substitute a structure-forming agent and an emulsifier with it by decreasing their applied quantity. 
     EFFECT: higher efficiency. 
     2 ex
Patent RU-2268147-C2 (RU)
Inventor: STOLBOV VLADIMIR IVANOVICH
IPC: B60B1/00
Filed: 2003-07-15
Granted: 2006-01-20
Abstract: FIELD: vehicles, particularly vehicle reservoirs. 
     SUBSTANCE: reservoir comprises laminated shell. One layer of the shell, for instance inner one, has reduced thickness. Another layer of the shell, for instance outer one, has increased thickness. Space defined by inner and outer layers is filled with pasty medium. 
     EFFECT: extended reservoir capabilities. 
     3 cl
Patent RU-2257982-C2 (RU)
Inventor: DOSTOVALOV V A
IPC: H05H1/26
Filed: 2003-09-19
Granted: 2005-08-10
Abstract: FIELD: electrothermic treatment of metals, namely tools for such treatment that may be used in different branches of machine engineering. 
     SUBSTANCE: cathode of tool includes means for connecting to electric current source and it is arranged in gas supply nozzle divided by means of annular partition by two annular ducts concentric relative to cathode and communicated through gas supply ducts with gas source. Gas supply nozzle is cylindrical one and it has unit for swirling gas in the form of dividing grid arranged in zone of joining annular ducts with gas supply duct. Openings of dividing grid are arranged concentrically  around cathode and they are in the form of stream forming jets directed along lengthwise axis of cathode. 
     EFFECT: increased dimensions of surface area of working zone of contact of arc discharge and treated material, lowered energy density in said zone. 
     6 cl, 2 dwg
Patent RU-2258834-C2 (RU)
Inventor: TOLSTIKOV I G
IPC: F03G7/06
Filed: 2003-11-11
Granted: 2005-08-20
Abstract: FIELD: mechanical engineering. 
     SUBSTANCE: method designed to provide mechanical work includes stimulation of phase transformations in working medium with changes of its geometric dimensions owing to periodical changes of external conditions according to phase diagram of working medium and transmission of mechanical pulse appearing in working medium to body to be moved.  Stimulation of phase transformations is done at least by one impulse local action to form at least one wave of phase transformations in working medium propagated in preset direction, mechanical pulse appearing in working medium being transmitted to body to be displaced from phase transformation wave-form. 
     EFFECT: reduced power consumption, increased working stroke. 
     2 dwg
Patent RU-2290452-C2 (RU)
Inventor: SANDBERG ODD
IPC: C22C38/26
Filed: 2002-05-17
Granted: 2006-12-27
Abstract: FIELD: metallurgy; steels for cold treatment. 
     SUBSTANCE: proposed steel has the following composition, mass-%: 1.25-1.75 (C+N); at least 0.5%C; 0.1-1.5% Mn; 4.0-5.5% Cr; 2.5-4.5% (Mo+W/2); maximum 0.5%W; 3.0-4.5% (V+Nb/2); maximum 0.5%Nb; maximum 0.3% S; the remainder being iron and unavoidable admixtures. Microstructure of steel in hardened and tempered state contains 6-13 vol-% of vanadium-enriched MX carbides, -nitrides and/or carbo-nitrides smoothly distributed in base of steel, where X is carbon and/or nitrogen; at least 90% of said carbides, nitrides and/or carbo-nitrides have equivalent diameter D eq  lesser than 3.0 mcm; total amount of other carbides, nitrides and/or carbo-nitrides does not exceed 1 vol-%. Proposed steel may be used for manufacture of tools by cutting, shearing and/or stamping in cold state or by molding metal powder. 
     EFFECT: improved characteristics; increased impact viscosity. 
     25 cl,, 9 dwg, 3 tbl
Patent RU-2286251-C2 (RU)
Inventor: SERAFINI LIVIO
IPC: B28B11/10
Filed: 2002-05-22
Granted: 2006-10-27
Abstract: FIELD: apparatus or processes for treating or working shaped articles. 
     SUBSTANCE: method comprises clamping the gypsum board panel and the layers of construction board, which are provided with plaster sheet between the layers, between the female and male members of the mould and applying the vinyl glue on the layers of the construction board.  The sheet of plaster is cut along the radius in both of the panels, and the layer of construction board is stretched outside from the arc of the bend and is pressed from inside. 
     EFFECT: enhanced convenience of assembling the panels. 
     7 cl, 9 dwg