Patent GB-650291-A (GB)
Title: Improvements in or relating to lubricating compositions
IPC: C10M159/22
Filed: 1948-07-07
Abstract: In making lubricating oil compositions by reacting a hydrocarbon substituted phenol containing at least 4 carbon atoms in the substituent(s), formaldehyde or acetaldehyde or a polymer thereof, e.g. paraformaldehyde, and an alkaline earth metal hydroxide in the presence of a mineral lubricating oil, the reaction mixture is heated at 80 DEG  to 250 DEG  C. until the composition is stable to weak acids.  The composition may be blended with further mineral lubricating oil in a quantity, for example, to yield a product having a sulphated ash content of 0.05 to 0.5 per cent by weight.  The heat treatment may be effected in an inert atmosphere, e.g. nitrogen. Phenols specified contain as substituents: butyl, amyl, hexyl, heptyl, octyl, nonyl, decyl, pentadecyl, lauryl, stearyl, oleyl, cyclohexyl, methyl cyclohexyl, ethyl cyclohexyl, dimethyl cyclohexyl, propyl cyclohexyl, dicyclohexyl, benzyl and ethyl phenyl groups.  The aromatic nucleus may be mono- or poly-cyclic, e.g. phenols derived from naphthalene or diphenyl.  Hydroxides specified are those of calcium and barium.  The compositions may contain other known additives (see Group III).ALSO:Anti-rusting and anti-corrosion lubricating compositions comprise a mineral lubricating oil and, prepared in situ, an alkaline-earth metal salt of the condensation product of a hydrocarbon substituted phenol containing not less than four carbon atoms in the substituent(s) with formaldehyde or acetaldehyde or a polymer thereof, the salt of the condensate being rendered stable to weak acids by prolonged heat treatment (see Group IV (a)).  Other additives may include, as detergents, oil soluble salts of metals or organic bases with fatty aciss having e.g. 10 to 30 carbon atoms in the molecule, such as wool fat acids, paraffin wax acids, chlorinated fatty acids, aromatic fatty and hydroxy fatty acids, paraffin wax benzoic acids, alkyl salicyclic acids, phthalic acid monoesters, aromatic keto acids, aromatic ester acids, diphenols, e.g. di-(alkylphenol)-sulphides and disulphides, and methylene bisalkylphenols; sulphonic acids such as may be produced by treatment of alkyl aromatic hydrocarbons or high boiling petroleum oils with sulphuric acid; sulphuric acid mono esters; phosphoric, arsonic and antimonic acid mono and di-esters, including the corresponding phosphoric, arsonic and antimonic acids; organic phosphonic acids; alkaline earth phosphate di-esters and thio-phosphate di-esters; alkaline earth diphenolates, e.g. calcium and barium salts of di-phenol mono and poly-sulphides; phosphatides, e.g. lecithin, fatty oils such as rapeseed oil and voltolised fatty or mineral oils. Antioxidants specified are 2 : 4 : 6-trimethyl phenol, pentamethyl phenol, 2 : 4-dimethyl-6-tertiary butyl phenol, 2 : 4 - dimethyl - 6 - octyl phenol, 2 : 6-ditertiary butyl - 4 - methyl phenol, 2 : 4 : 6-tri - tertiary butyl phenol; benzylamino phenols; dibutylphenylenediamine, diphenylamine, phenyl alphanaphthylamine, phenyl betanaphthylamine, di-naphthylamines; sulphurized sperm oil, sulphurized jojoba oil, sulphurized resins or olefin polymers, paraffin wax polysulphides, sulphurized tall oil, sulphurized terpene hydrocarbons and methylene bisphenyl sulphides.