Patent GB-767738-A (GB)
Title: Hydrocarbon oil compositions
Inventor: FIELDS JOSEPH EDWARD
IPC: C10M145/14
Filed: 1954-06-01
Abstract: Telomerized fluid homo- and copolymers suitable as foam-preventing additives to hydrocarbon oils are made by polymerizing in mass, emulsion or solution, one or more monomers in the presence of chain terminating agents such as t-butyl and n-dodecyl mercaptans, carbon tetrachloride, chloroform, bromoform, nitroethane, 2-nitropropane, benzene, toluene and ethylbenzene and, if desired, catalysts. Extraneous solvents such as dioxane, acetone and paraffinic hydrocarbons may also be present.  In examples, the preparation of the following liquid telomers are described: polybutyl, amyl and hexyl acrylates, copolymers of 2-ethylhexyl acrylate and ethyl acrylate, n-octyl acrylate and methyl acrylate, decyl acrylate and methyl acrylate, n-lauryl acrylate and ethyl acrylate, nonyl acrylate and ethyl acrylate, n-butyl or amyl acrylate and styrene, 2-ethylhexyl acrylate or n-butyl acrylate or amyl acrylate and acrylonitrile or methacrylonitrile, 2-ethylhexyl acrylate or n-butyl acrylate or amyl acrylate and methyl methacrylate, 2-ethylhexyl acrylate or butyl acrylate or amyl acrylate and vinyl acetate, and amyl acrylate and isopropenyl acetate.  Specifications 708,309, 711,375 and 717,591 are referred to.ALSO:A hydrocarbon oil composition is rendered substantially non-foaming by having incorporated therein up to 0.1 per cent by weight, based upon the weight of the oil, of a normally fluid polymer or telomer, other than the telomers prepared according to Specifications 708,309, 711,375 and 717,591, which polymer or telomer is selected from (a) a normally fluid homopolymer or telomer of an alkyl acrylate having at least three but less than 8 carbon atoms in the alkyl group or (b) a normally fluid copolymer or telomer of at least two different alkyl acrylates in which the alkyl groups have from one to eighteen carbon atoms and the average number of carbon atoms in the alkyl groups is at least three but less than eight on a molar basis, or (c) a normally fluid copolymer or telomer of at least 50 per cent by weight of an alkyl acrylate having one to eighteen carbon atoms in the alkyl group with one or more monomers other than alkyl acrylates, the copolymer or telomer having substantially the same solubility in a hydrocarbon oil as a homopolymer or telomer under (a).  The polymers may be formed in a liquid petroleum hydrocarbon or the solution used directly as an additive or diluted with other petroleum hydrocarbons. The hydrocarbon may be synthetic or of petroleum origin such as lubricating oils for internal combustion engines and motors, Diesel fuels and lubricants and pressure transfer media e.g. industrial lubricants, process, hydraulic, turbine, cutting, gear, shock absorber, spindle, or journal-bearing oils, or fluid greases.  In nature they may be paraffinic, naphthenic, aromatic, or mixtures. The compositions may also contain detergents e.g. the barium salt of an alkyl aromatic sulphonic acid, antioxidants, pour-point depressants and extreme pressure additives e.g. chloronaphtha alkyl xanthate, a dialkyl maleate and/or an alkyl phosphate.  Polymers exemplified are telomers of butyl, amyl and hexyl acrylate, and telomerized copolymers of 2 - ethylhexyl acrylate and ethyl acrylate, n-octyl acrylate and methyl acrylate, decyl acrylate and methyl acrylate, n-lauryl acrylate and ethyl acrylate, nonyl acrylate and ethyl acrylate, n-butyl or amyl acrylate and styrene, 2 - ethylhexyl acrylate or n-butyl acrylate, or amyl acrylate and acrylonitrile or methacrylontrile, 2 -ethylhexyl acrylate or n-butyl acrylate or amyl acrylate and methyl methacrylate, 2 - ethylhexyl acrylate or butyl acrylate or amyl acrylate and vinyl acetate, and amyl acrylate and isopropenyl acetate.