baber/WOPTO huggingface dataset:
Patent GB-766874-A (GB)
Title: Improvements in and relating to reverse current limiting circuits for direct currentcircuits
IPC: H02H3/18
Filed: 1952-11-26
Abstract: 766,874. Rectifying. GENERAL ELECTRIC CO. Nov. 26,1952 [Dec. 1, 1951], No. 29944/52. Class 38 (2). [Also in Group XXXVII] In a reverse current limiting arrangement for a D.C. circuit having two or more sources of voltage connected thereto, the reverse current through the single winding of a normally saturated non-linear reactor is limited for a short time by the increase of impedance of the reactor due to the de-saturation of its core and the increased voltage produced across the winding is used to effect the opening of the contacts of a high-speed circuit breaker during the period of current limitation. The sources of voltage may be mechanical contact converters or a single converter and a load which may regenerate. In Fig. 1, mechanical contact converters 7-12 are supplied from A.C. lines 1 ... 3 through transformers 6 and commutating reactors R1, R2, R3 and supply D.C. lines 4, 5 through reactors 13 and circuitbreakers 14. The circuit-breakers are normally held closed by latches 16 which are normally maintained in their operative positions by armatures 21 and electromagnets 20. The core of each reactor is normally saturated in one direction but should the direction of the current through a reactor coil reverse, then the resulting flux change in the core for a short time limits the reverse current and the voltage produced across the reactor coil is applied to a trip coil 25 causing the release of the armature 21 and the opening of the circuit-breaker during that time. Specification 500,472, [Group XXXVII] and U.S.A. Specification 2,001,897 are referred to.
Patent GB-633470-A (GB)
Title: Oil pressure atomizing burners for heating houses
IPC: F23N5/20
Filed: 1947-11-11
Abstract: 633,470. Liquid-fuel burners. TRIGGS, W. W. (Gilbert & Barker Manufacturing Co.). Nov. 11, 1947, No. 29963. [Class 75 (i)] In an oil burner for house heating of the kind which is automatically controlled by a room thermostat and comprises an electric motor driving a fuel pump and an air fan, two fuel atomizing nozzles are provided and valve means operated by control means such as a second thermostat controls the connection of the pump to the oil conduits supplying the nozzles to determine the firing rate of the burner. Two oil atomizing nozzles 1, 41 of low and high firing rates respectively are disposed in an air tube 11 connected to a fan 12 and are connected by pipes 8, 43 to a valve casing 7 which is supplied with oil from a pump 3 at a pressure determined by two valves 4, 5 in the oil supply line. The oil is fed to one or other of the nozzles 1, 41 as determined by two pistons 44, 45 inside the casing 7. When these pistons are moved upwards by a solenoid 47 energized by an outdoor thermostat 51, fuel is supplied to the nozzle 41 having the higher firing rate. The valve means may be modified so that one nozzle only is supplied at the low firing rate and both nozzles at the high firing rate. The solenoid also opens an air valve 18 in the inlet to the fan. The operation of the burner is controlled by a room thermostat 21 through a relay 27 which energizes an electric motor 19 for the oil pump 3 and the fan 12 and also energizes an ignition transformer 16 for spark electrodes 13 at the burner nozzles. The relay contacts are also included in the circuit of the outdoor thermostat 51 so that the solenoid 47 operating the pistons 44, 45 can only be energized when the burner is operating. A third thermostat in parallel with the outdoor thermostat 51 may be located indoors to cause a shift to the higher firing rate when the lower firing rate is insufficient to maintain the room temperature or when it is desired to bring the house quickly to the normal day temperature from a lower night temperature. A thermostat subjected to the domestic hot water supply may be included in parallel with the room thermostat 21 and in order to prevent the burner from being initially fired at the high rate when started by this thermostat, even if the outdoor temperature is low, a second thermostat in the hot water supply is arranged to close the circuit of the solenoid 47 only when the temperature of the water rises, say 10‹ above that at which the first thermostat in the hot water supply is set. The firing rate is also controlled by a thermostat in the steam main of a steam heating system to give a high firing rate until steam is present in the mains. Known safety combustion controls of the re-cycling type should be provided. Specification 615,393 is referred to.
Patent GB-264973-A (GB)
Title: Improvements in or relating to submarine mines
IPC: F42B22/18
Filed: 1925-11-27
Abstract: 264,973. Vickers, Ltd., and Pratt, H. B. Nov. 27, 1925. Mines, marine. - Relates to automatically moored mines of the kind in which the mine and the anchor first sink together as a unit and after reaching a predetermined depth or the sea bottom separate from each other, and the mine then rises until stopped at the desired depth by means of a hydrostat, which stops the paying out of an auxiliary line from a drum carried by the mine with the hydrostat, the pull of the auxiliary line causing the stopping of the main mooring cable drum in the anchor and, if desired, also the detachment of the hydrostatic devices from the mine, for example, as described in Specifications 262,917 and 264,290. According to the invention, the diaphragm C of the hydrostat. is controlled for depth by means of compressed air instead of by a spring as heretofore; but a spring C<1> may be used in addition for the minimum depth of say 3 metres. The diaphragm C is preferably arranged inside the drum A of the auxiliary line A', and compressed air is supplied by a pump to the closed chamber A<2> behind this diaphragm through an axial duct in the spindle C<2> of the diaphragm a non-return valve c' and a screw cap c being provided at the end of the spindle. A pressure gauge B<1> connected to the pressure chamber indicates the corresponding depth. The spindle C<2> is normally locked by a transverse bolt D secured by a shear pin D' and connected by a short line to the anchor of the mine. When the mine separates from the anchor, the pin D<1> is sheared and the bolt D pulled out. At the appointed depth, the diaphragm C is moved outwards, and a groove c<2> in its spindle C<2> liberates ball f<1> releasing a disc F, which is moved to the right by a spring F<2> and pushes spring bolts E, carried by the drum, into engagement with stops B<2> on the fixed casing B, thereby stopping the drum.
Patent GB-956780-A (GB)
Title: Improved production of adipic acid
IPC: C07C51/43
Filed: 1961-08-21
Abstract: A process for producing adipic acid comprises heating with an acidolysis catalyst, which is an acid, a solution in a carboxylic acid solvent, containing from 1 to 5 carbon atoms per molecule of the product resulting from oxidation of cyclohexanone and/or cyclohexanol with molecular oxygen, and recovering adipic acid from the heated solution. In one embodiment, the reaction mixture obtained by catalytic molecular oxygen oxidation of cyclohexanone and/or cyclohexanol in a carboxylic acid solvent (C1-C5) is treated with the acidolysis catalyst, e.g. sulphuric, hydrochloric, phosphoric or p-toluenesulphonic acid. After concentrating the reaction mixture by removal of part of the solvent, adipic acid is crystallized out and recovered.  The solution may be concentrated prior to adding the acidolysis catalyst.  In a second embodiment the oxidation mixture is subjected to crystallization and filtration to separate a first crop of adipic acid, the mother liquor filtrate then treated with the acidolysis catalyst and subjected to crystallization-filtration to recover a second crop of adipic acid.  In a preferred embodiment the mother liquor is treated with the acidolysis catalyst and then concentrated by removal of some of the solvent prior to crystallization.  In another embodiment the oxidation step is performed in a solvent other than a C1 to C5 carboxylic acid, this solvent removed and the oxidation product dissolved in the C1-C5 carboxylic acid.  The isolation of adipic acid is then carried out by any of the above embodiments.  In the example cyclohexane is oxidized by air using a cobalt naphthenate catalyst, the unreacted cyclohexane removed and the remaining product oxidized in acetic acid solution at 70-80 DEG C. with air in the presence of soluble copper and manganese salts (as catalysts) to produce a crude adipic acid mixture which is then treated according to the various embodiments described above to recover pure adipic acid. After the recovery of the adipic acid the remaining solution is treated to recover cyclohexanol and cyclohexanone. Specification 956,779 is referred to.
Patent GB-714479-A (GB)
Title: Improvements relating to woven wire paper making belts
IPC: D21F1/10
Filed: 1952-11-28
Abstract: 714,479. Wire-cloths of Fourdrinier papermaking machines. LINDSAY WIRE WEAVING CO. Nov. 28, 1952 [March 11, 1952], No. 30233/52. Class 96 The edges of a wire-cloth 10 of a Fourdrinier . papermaking machine &c. are repaired where they have started to tear, e.g. at the seam 13, by a patch 20 of thermoplastic material, e.g. a lubricated polyethylene with an extrusion temperature of 300 to 450‹F. which is pressed into the meshes of the wirecloth, the patch being thickened along its middle portion, and not extending into the region of the wire-cloth which is subjected to suction. Specification 713,606 is referred to.
Patent GB-978894-A (GB)
Title: Servo motor control system for positioning a magnetic head
IPC: G05D3/14
Filed: 1961-08-22
Abstract: 978,894. Electric correspondence control systems. SPERRY RAND CORPORATION. Aug. 22, 1961 [Aug. 24, 1960], No. 30318/61. Heading G1N. In a servomotor control system used for moving a magnetic head to a selected position on a magnetic medium, a position error signal and a rate signal are combined and fed to a limiter circuit consisting of a pair of back-to-back diodes before being fed to the motor. The maximum accelerating a decelerating torques are thus limited but the rate signal has its maximum effect near the final position. As shown, the magnetic head is to be positioned on one of a number of tracks in accordance with a command signal from a register 10. The carriage positioning the head also positions a potentiometer 16 which provides a feedback signal in opposite sense to the command signal. The two are added at 12 to produce an error signal which is in turn added at 26 to a rate signal derived from a tacho-generator 20. The modified error signal is fed to a clipper and filter circuit which limits its amplitude and filters out high frequency components to prevent the system oscillating. Fig. 2 shows the clipping and filter circuit. The error signal on line 18 is added to the rate signal on line 36 across a resistor 46 A pair of oppositely connected diodes which conduct at certain signal levels act to maintain the signal within these levels and condense 52 filters out the high frequency components.
Patent GB-639427-A (GB)
Title: An improved machine for producing small objects from rod-shaped or pin-shaped work pieces
IPC: B23Q7/04
Filed: 1947-11-17
Abstract: 639,427. Feeding work-pieces to machines. SCHOWANEK, H. Nov. 17, 1947, No. 30433. [Class 117] [Also in Group XXII] A storage container 15 from which pins 6, e.g., of wood, are fed successively to a machine for producing small articles such as beads (see Group XXII) is traversed by a row of vertical ejector plates 17 with respect to which the container 15 undergoes an upward and downward movement so that at each stroke a pin is isolated on the upper edge of the plates 17 from where the pins are automatically picked up and delivered into the working machine. Recesses are provided in the upper edges of the ejector plates 17 for the introduction of the arms of the picking up element. The bottom of the container 15 between the plates 17 is provided with roof-shaped inclined surfaces 16. The container 15, simultaneously with its downward movement, undergoes also a movement towards the tool of the machine so that its rear wall contacts all the pins 6 and ensures that they are in a predetermined location on the plates 17.
Patent GB-812669-A (GB)
Title: Electric current producing cell
IPC: H01M4/76
Filed: 1957-09-30
Abstract: 812,669. Batteries. RUBEN, S. Sept. 30, 1957, No. 30497/57. Class 53. A primary or secondary battery is provided with an electrolyte consisting of sulphamic acid, lead sulphamate or a mixture of the two substances. Sodium or potassium sulphamate may be added to improve the conductivity. The electrodes may be of graphite which when the battery is charged become coated with lead peroxide and lead respectively. Instead of graphite, nickel and aluminium electrodes may be used and they may be coated with a suspension of graphite in a silicone resin solution and then baked. Nickel electrodes may be formed by plating a steel screen with nickel, or by spraying nickel on glass or plastic cloth. Fig. 1 shows a cell in which a metal container 10 forming the negative electrode is lined with graphite 11 by being dipped in a suspension of graphite in a silicone varnish and then baked. The positive electrode consists of a perforated hollow graphite cylinder 14 having a strap connector 16. The electrolyte is introduced through an opening in the top of the cell which is then closed by a stopper 17 consisting of a sintered porous ceramic plug impregnated with a silicone varnish. The plug allows the passage of gas but is impervious to liquids. Fig. 2 shows a modification in which two siliconetreated graphite electrodes 20 21 are fitted into a plastic ring 22 and enclose paper or other absorbent material 23 impregnated with lead sulphamate. Alternatively the electrolyte may be jellified.
Patent GB-912884-A (GB)
Title: Surface roughness assessment means
IPC: G01B5/28
Filed: 1959-09-08
Abstract: 912,884. Surface roughness testing. RUBERT, M. P. Dec. 7, 1960 [Sept. 8, 1959], No. 30556/59. Class 106 (2). Apparatus for determining surface roughness by means of friction comprises a wheel 16, e.g. of nylon, with a serrated knife edge 16a mounted for rotation with a portion 18 on an axle 14 and held by a ratchet 21. A nylon-thread 26 is connected at one end adjacent the periphery of portion 18 and at the other is connected through a steel wire to a pivoted arcuate member which operates a pointer 24. As the wheel 16 rotates the thread 26 is tightened and compresses a spring between the arcuate member and the closed end of the tube 11 to which the wheel is connected. The apparatus is slidable in a guide and wheel 16 rotates on the surface to be tested until thread 26 has tightened sufficiently for the spring force to equal the friction force. The wheel then slips and the friction force is read on the gauge. The spring tension and zero position of the pointer may be adjusted by means of a screw 29.
Patent GB-228668-A (GB)
Title: A new or improved method of and means for expanding finger rings
IPC: B21H1/06
Filed: 1923-12-05
Abstract: 228,668. Brett, F. Dec. 5, 1923. Jewellery.-Signet or jewelled finger rings are enlarged by placing the ring on a tapered rod or hand mandrel, which is placed on two pairs of rollers spaced apart, and engaging the ring between the rollers with a freely rotatable interchangeable roll carried by a hinged hand lever, while the mandrel is partially rotated. The ring is slid along a tapered mandrel P, which is placed on roller bearings F on a handled base A secured to a table or work bench with the head of the ring downwards. A hand lever D pivoted to the base and carrying one of a number of interchangeable grooved rolls is pressed against the part to be expanded so as to spread the metal, the mandrel being rotated about a quarter of a turn. The mandrel is slightly fed forward during operation to take up the slackness of the ring.
Patent GB-990981-A (GB)
Title: Improvements in and relating to transistors
IPC: H01L21/22
Filed: 1961-08-25
Abstract: 990,981. Transistors. COMPAGNIE FRANCAISE THOMSON-HOUSTON. Aug. 25, 1961 [Sept. 21, 1960], No. 30737/61. Heading H1K. A method of making a transistor produces a device in the form of a rod of semi-conductive material which contains successive emitter, base, and collector regions, and has a layer of semiconductive material of the same conductivity type as the base extending from the base and overlying part of the external surface of the collector region, a base electrode being attached to this extension. The manufacture of the transistor shown in Fig. 1 is started with a disc of P-type germanium containing both gallium and antimony and which is dipped in a bath of germanium containing the same two impurities and then withdrawn to grow a further P-type region which has, however, higher P-doping than the original body. During the growing period the fast diffusing antimony converts a region to N-type conductivity so that a PNP body is obtained. This is cut into PNP rods each having that one of its P-regions which is to serve as the emitter more heavily doped than that which is to be the collector. To reach the stage shown in Fig. 3 a rod is cleaned and then heated in an antimony atmosphere for a time such that an N-type layer 16 is formed on the surface of the collector region 15 but not on the more highly doped emitter region 13. (The base region 14 tends to widen during this treatment so that the original crystal pilling should be as fast as is consistent with regular crystal growth.) The masking blob 17 of wax or varnish is then applied and the device etched to remove material from the unmasked surfaces. The transistor is completed (Fig. 1) by the attachment of a gold/antimony lead to the extension 5 of the base layer, an N+ region 8 of germanium/antimony alloy being formed in the process, and by the indium soldering to the emitter and collector regions on opposite sides of the body of leads 9, 10, regions 11, 12 of germanium-indium alloy being formed in this process.
Patent GB-411028-A (GB)
Title: Electric heater for liquids
IPC: F24H9/20
Filed: 1933-11-06
Abstract: 411,028. Heating liquids by electricity. CANTE, C., 14, Neue Mainzerstrasse, Frankfort-on-Main, Germany. Nov. 6, 1933, No. 30755. [Class 39 (iii).] An electric liquid heater comprises a container divided by a partition 14, and having a diaphragm 3 in its lower portion which actuates contacts 7 controlling the electric heating element 9 through rod 4, water to be heated entering the lower chamber and passing through a passage 16 controlled by a screw 17 to the upper compartment. A byepass valve is provided by which cold water from the inlet 18 may be diverted into the outlet 20 to vary the warmth of the water supplied by the heater.
Patent GB-644453-A (GB)
Title: Improvements in or relating to auxiliary engine units for bicycles and like vehicles
IPC: B62M7/00
Filed: 1947-11-20
Abstract: 644,453. Auxiliary engine attachments for bicycles. PIATTI, V. Nov. 20, 1947, No. 30776. Convention date, June 28, 1944. [Classes 79 (ii) and 79 (iii)] In an auxiliary engine unit for attachment to bicycles and like vehicles a horizontal engine and its petrol tank are carried by the rearward arm of a supporting lever pivotally mounted on the saddle pillar of the bicycle, the engine crankshaft carrying a friction driving roller adapted to bear on the tyre of the rear bicycle wheel, and the forward arm of the supporting lever carries an adjustable resilient device connected to the cross-bar of the bicycle frame, the device being adjustable to vary the pressure of the driving roller upon the tyre. As shown in Fig. 1 the supporting lever 1 carries at its rear end the petrol tank 36 and the engine 2, the crankshaft 10 of which carries the friction roller 11 bearing against the tyre 12 of the rear wheel. The supporting lever 1 is carried on a pivot 3 clamped to the saddle pillar 4. At its forward end the lever 1 is connected to the cross-bar 9 by the adjustable resilient device formed by the lever being apertured to engage a bolt 13, Fig. 2, threadedly engaged with a nut 15 fixed to the cross-bar 9, a spring 16 engaging a cupped collar 6 and seating on the nut 15, the lever 1 being pivotally controlled by the winged head 14 of the bolt 13. In a modification, Figs. 4 and 5, the engine crankshaft is inclined and carries a conical friction roller 111, the part of the periphery of the roller engaging the tyre being changed to alter the speed of the drive between the roller and the tyre by varying the angle a between the cross-bar 9 and the lever 1. This is effected by adjusting the lever 1 by a winged nut 19 engaging a bolt 20 secured to the saddle pillar 4. The Specification as open to inspection under Sect. 91 also comprises two other arrangements, in the first of which a lever 1<SP>11</SP>, Fig. 8 (Cancelled), is pivoted at 311 and carries at one end a petrol tank and an engine 2 driving a roller 1111 engaging the ground, the other end of the lever 1 being adjustably and resiliently connected to the bicycle frame. In the other arrangement, Fig. 4 (Cancelled), a cranked lever carrying an engine, petrol tank and driving roller, which latter engaging the tyre of a bicycle front wheel, is pivoted at 31 to the front fork 17 of the bicycle and is adjustably and resiliently connected to the steering head of the bicycle. This subjectmatter does not appear in the Specification as accepted.
Patent GB-1181724-A (GB)
Title: A Method of Preventing the Formation of Popcorn Polymer of Chloroprene
IPC: C07C17/42
Filed: 1967-07-04
Abstract: 1,181,724. Stabilization of chloroprene. KANEGAFUCHI CHEMICAL INDUSTRY CO. Ltd. 4 July, 1967 [7 Sept., 1966; 26 Oct., 1966], No. 30789/67. Heading C2C. The "popcorn" polymer of chloroprene is prevented from forming by treating the monomer with an unsubstituted or alkyl substituted N-nitroso cyclotolymethylene imine having a total of 3-6C atoms and having 3-6C atoms in the ring or ON-N(R)-COOR<SP>1</SP> where n is 3-6 and R, R<SP>1</SP> are alkyl radicals. Suitable stabilizers are N-nitroso methylene imine, N-nitroso pyrrolidine, N-nitroso methyl piperidine, N-nitroso methyl urethane and N- nitroso ethyl urethane. The N-nitroso compounds may be added to impure chloroprene monomer before or during distillation.
Patent GB-632172-A (GB)
Title: Process and apparatus for the continuous melting of glass or the like in electric furnaces
IPC: C03B5/03
Filed: 1946-10-16
Abstract: 632,172. Glass-melting furnaces. ROGERS, F. H. (Copes Comite pour I'Exploitation des Procedes Sabaut Soc. Anon.). Oct. 16, 1946, No. 30828. [Class 51 (ii)] [Also in Group XXIII] A furnace, as shown, is used in a glass melting process (see Group XXIII). The batch is introduced at 2 into the melting chamber 1 containing vertical electrodes 3 and separated from the gathering tank 4 by an apertured dividing wall 5. The melting is initiated by burners in the openings 6 and the combustion products pass via the conduits 7 to a chimney. The burners are then extinguished and the openings 6 connected to a chimney, and a suitable gas is passed through conduits 7, now disconnected from the chimney and adjustable at 8, and/or through adjustable holes 9 in the gathering tank, and makes its exit through the openings 6. This serves to transfer heat from the fusion zone to the charging zone.