baber/WOPTO huggingface dataset:
Patent GB-1204302-A (GB)
Title: Alcohol distillation process
IPC: C07C29/82
Filed: 1969-01-14
Abstract: 1,204,302. Alcohols, purification by distillation. R. KATZEN, S. S. KATZEN, V. B. DIEBOLD, J. K. WALSH and W. W. KLINE [trading as RAPHAEL KATZEN ASSOCIATES]. 14 Jan., 1969 [8 May, 1968], No. 2269/69. Heading BIB. [Also in Division C2] Crude ethanol, or other C 1 -C 3  saturated aliphatic alcohol, is purified by feeding it through line 11 into distillation tower 10 which is supplied with water through line 12 and is operated so that the bulk of the impurities leave the head of the tower through line 70 while an aqueous stream containing 5 to 10 wt. % of alcohol flows from the base of the tower and is distilled in tower 22 from which purified alcohol is withdrawn through line 24. Lower-boiling impurities, withdrawn from the head of tower 22, and higher-boiling impurities, withdrawn as sidestream 36, are fractionated in tower 42 together with the impurities from the head of tower 10; and an aqueous alcohol stream is withdrawn from tower 42 through line 57 and is returned via feed line 11 to tower 10. Higher-boiling impurities are discharged from tower 42 through lines 58, 59, and may be washed with water or salt solution and then decanted; the separated water layer being passed to tower 10. The water withdrawn from the bottom of tower 22 is recycled via line 12 to tower 10. Towers 10 and 42 are operated at a higher pressure than tower 22, and the overhead vapours from towers 10 and 42 are passed to reboilers 71, 76 in order to supply heat for tower 22. Part of the condensate from reboiler 76 is returned via line 78 to column 42, and the remainder is discharged through line 79. Alternatively, tower 22 may be operated at a higher pressure than towers 10 and 42, so that the heat-content of the overhead stream from tower 22 can be utilized as source of heat for towers 10 and 42. As a further alternative, the towers may be operated in multiple-effect. Examples relate to the purification of (1) grainfermented ethanol (2) molasses-fermented ethanol (3) ethanol synthesized from ethylene.
Patent GB-1203745-A (GB)
Title: Permanent magnet assembly
Inventor: PARNELL ROBERT ALEX
IPC: H04R9/02
Filed: 1969-01-15
Abstract: 1,203,745. Moving coil instruments. R. A. PARNELL. 15 Jan., 1969 [12 Feb., 1968], No. 2301/69. Heading H4J. A permanent magnet assembly 10, suitable for a moving coil loud-speaker or microphone, comprises a magnetic core body 19 having a polepiece 18, preferably cylindrical, projecting forwardly. Around the core body 19 are permanent magnet wafers 20 having flat inner sides 20a of like polarity abutting against the core body 19 and outer sides 20b of the opposite polarity. A front member 17 of magnetic material, preferably rectangular, has a hole 15 into which the polepiece 18 extends. It cooperates with the polepiece 18 to define an air gap 14. An outer return case of magnetic material contacts the outer sides 20b of the wafers 20 and the front member 17 to define an air gap 14. The case preferably comprises four magnetically conducting plates 21. The core body 19 has flat sides abutting the flat inner sides 20a of the wafers 20. The core body 19 may be rectangular, triangular or of other polygonal section. Integrally joined plates 21 may cover more than one wafer 20. The core body 19 and polepiece 18 may be formed in one piece or adhered together. The other parts may be secured together adhesively or mechanically. A clearance gap, between 1/2 and 2/3 of the thick. ness of the wafers 20 is provided between the wafers 20 and the front member 17. The wafers 20 are rectangular and identical and wider than the contiguous sides of the core body 19 by 1/3 to 2/3 of the thickness of the wafers 20. Each wafer 20 has one side edge flush with an adjacent side of the body 19 and another side edge partially overlapping an adjacent wafer 20.
Patent GB-103196-A (GB)
Title: Improvements in or in connection with the Automatic Regulation of the Temperature of Gases or Superheated Steam.
Inventor: PARKYN PERCY ARTHUR WILLIAM
IPC: F22G5/20
Filed: 1916-02-16
Abstract: 103,196. Parkyn, P. A. W. Feb. 16, 1916. Controlling and moderating superheai.-Relates to apparatus for regulating the temperature of superheated steam or vapour, of the kind in which a thermostat in the steam or vapour pipe 1 operates a valve 6 controlling the admission of saturated steam or vapour to the pipe. The thermostat consists of an outer tube 2 containing mercury or other expanding substance, an inner tube 3 open at its lower end, and a piston or float 4 within the inner tube. The valve may be held in its closed or open positions by lowering or raising, by a hand-wheel 16, a stirrup-piece 18 engaging with a head 19 on the valve stem. The lever 9 connecting the thermostat to the valve stem has a pivoted and weighted end 11, which is normally looked by a bolt 13. The thermostat may be connected to the valve stem through toggle-levers.
Patent GB-472371-A (GB)
Title: An improved electrode for arc-welding metal pieces of high thermal conductivity, such as of copper and copper-rich alloys, by slavianoff's method
IPC: B23K35/02
Filed: 1937-01-26
Abstract: A flux coating for an arc welding rod of a metal of high thermal conductivity, such as of copper or copper alloy, consists of 50 parts of boric acid, 35 parts of sodium phosphate, 6 parts of common salt, 6 parts of cryolite and 3 parts of glass.  The mixture may be dissolved or suspended in a varnish of alcohol and nitrocellulose.  A separate coating of sodium oxalate may also be used.
Patent GB-486800-A (GB)
Title: Improvements in or relating to kettles and similar utensils
IPC: A47J27/212
Filed: 1937-01-27
Abstract: 486,800. Kettles &c. BAKER, Ltd., F., BAKER, A., BAKER, H. W., BAKER, H. E., and BAKER, W. J. Jan. 27, 1937, No. 2353. [Class 66] A kettle or like boiling vessel is provided with a whistle consisting of a reed tube 11 disposed within a casing 10 covering one or more apertures 9 in the outer wall of the hollow mouth rim 5 within which the lid flange 6 fits. The tube 11 is downwardly inclined, the lower end being fixed within an outlet in the casing so that condensed moisture can drain on to the exterior of the vessel. To enable sufficient pressure to be built up to sound the whistle the spout is fitted with a hinged valve which opens readily to facilitate pouring. Specification 473,640 is referred to.
Patent GB-727439-A (GB)
Title: Improvements in or relating to electric pulse generators
IPC: H03K5/159
Filed: 1953-01-27
Abstract: 727,439. Automatic exchange systems. GENERAL ELECTRIC CO., Ltd., and STENNING, L. C. Dec. 10, 1953 [Jan. 27, 1953], No. 2358/53. Class 40 (4). A recurring pulse series whose phase is determined by that of a trigger pulse is produced by injecting the trigger pulse into a plurality of delay-line circulating systems having different circulation times and feeding pulses from the circulating systems to a coincidence circuit which produces a pulse of the series only when pulses received from all the circulating systems coincide. As shown, two circulating systems are used incorporating delay lines having delays of 9 Ás. and 11 Ás. respectively. The trigger pulse, which is always arranged to be coincident with one of a series of clock pulses of 1 Ás. spacing, is applied to gate G1 of the first system to admit one of the clock pulses. 9 Ás. later the gate G1 is opened by the circulated pulse to admit a further clock pulse and so on. The second 11 Ás. circulating system operates similarly and the two outputs from the gates G1, G2 are fed to the coincidence circuit G3 which registers a coincidence to produce an output pulse in lead T1 every 99 Ás. The system may be cleared by a clearing pulse of at least 11 Ás. duration applied to leads T2, T3 to close the gates G1, G2. The delay line, e.g. D1, may be used as shown with its end remote from the gate G1 closed by its characteristic impedance, or may be of half-length, i.e. 4¢ Ás., and open circuited with arrangements to take off the reflected wave at the end adjacent the gate G1.
Patent GB-1514092-A (GB)
Title: Golf practising device
IPC: A63B69/00
Filed: 1976-01-22
Abstract: 1514092 Golf practising device W C NEWTON 22 Jan 1976 02543/76 Heading A6D A golf practice device includes a captive ball 28, which, when struck, rotates a sleeve 23 and a drum 25, a cable 31 then winding onto the drum against the action of a length of rubber or helical spring 34, a member 33 anchored to the cable thus pushing an indicator 35 along a guide channel 12, and the indicator 35 remaining in its adjusted position when the rubber/spring 34 subsequently unwinds the cable from the drum. The indicator 35 has a bore 37, through which the cable 31 passes with clearance, resilient arms 36, engaging the walls of channel 12, and a pointer 39, which moves over a scale (not shown) on base 10. The device may include pile fabric underlying the ball and arm 26.
Patent GB-103372-A (GB)
Title: Improvements in Fire Extinguishing Apparatus.
Inventor: JAMES REGINALD WILLIAM
IPC: A62B3/00
Filed: 1916-02-23
Abstract: 103,372. James, R. W., (Universal Chemical Sprinkler Corporation). Feb. 23, 1916. Alarms operated by change of liquid level.-The rise of pressure in the tank 50 of a sprinkler system acts on a diaphragm 55 to start the spring motor 58 of a gramophone 63, the sound-box of which is connected to a megaphone 70 and to the telephone 72, the switch arm 78 of which is raised either permanently or periodically by means of the lever 76 on the starting of the motor 58.
Patent GB-969404-A (GB)
Title: A process for the polymerisation of propylene and the polymers thus prepared
IPC: C07C11/02
Filed: 1963-01-22
Abstract: Propylene polymers in the C6-C18 range are obtained by dividing the propylene-containing feed into two unequal streams, passing the minor stream together with a recycle stream of C9-C11 polymer over a silica-alumina catalyst and the major stream over a solid phosphoric acid catalyst, combining the effluent and recovering product, e.g. C12 and/or C13-C15 polymer.  The feed may contain 30-65% wt. of propylene with balance propane.  The weight ratio of recycle to propylene in the minor feed stream is 0.7 to 3 and the ratios of the two feed streams are preferably adjusted in accordance with the formula P=a(36.2R-6.2R2+21) in which P is the percentage by volume of total feed in the major stream, R is the weight ratio of recycle to propylene in the minor stream and a is a factor of 0.97-1.03.  The feed with recycle is preferably dried and passed over a catalyst in which the alumina/silica weight ratio is 3: 97 to 30: 70 at 130-150 DEG  C. and 20-100 atm. abs. with a space velocity of 1.5-3.5 litres of total feed per kg. of catalyst per hour.  The major stream is polymerized preferably in the presence of 0.1-0.2% wt. of water at 200-250 DEG  C., 20-100 atm. abs. and 1.5-3.5 litres/kg./hr. The phosphoric acid is preferably supported on a siliceous base or an aluminium silicate, e.g. kieselguhr, diatomaceous earth, synthetic porous silica, fuller's earth, bentonite or montmorillonite.  Benzene or toluene may be alkylated with polymers in the C12-C15 range to form detergent alkylate either in the presence of hydrogen fluoride, anhydrous or as a 46% wt. aqueous solution, at 0-50 DEG  C., with a volume ratio of acid to hydrocarbon phase 1: 10 to 5: 1 or in the presence of sulphuric acid of at least 80% wt. concentration at 0-20 DEG  C. with an acid hydrocarbon volume ratio of 2: 1 to 1: 2.  The aromatic hydrocarbon is used in excess of the olefin.  Detergent compositions comprise an alkyl benzene sulphonate prepared from the alkylate described above or an alkyl sulphate prepared from the propylene polymer, or an alcohol obtained therefrom, by reaction with sulphuric acid together with other surface active compounds, builder salts, (alkali pyrophosphates or polyphosphates), silicates, carbonates, sulphates, borates, sodium carboxymethylcellulose or other soluble derivative of cellulose or starch, bleaching agents (persulphates, perborates or percarbonates), optic bleaching agents, foam promoters or foam stabilizers.  Specifications 675,816 and 969,403 are referred to.
Patent GB-144222-A (GB)
Title: Improved respirator for use in noxious atmospheres
IPC: A62B23/00
Filed: 1920-01-29
Abstract: 144,222. Resting, C., and Davis, R. H. Jan. 29, 1920. Respirators. - A pocket respirator comprising a bowl-shaped receptacle for holding filtering - material is fitted with a perforated lid b and with a central tube e. The tube carries a mouthpiece i at one end, an exhalation valve g at the other end, and intermediate inlet holes f. In.operation, air enters the holes d and thence passes by way of the filtering material and holes f to the mouth. The exhaling-valve, comprises a sheet of rubber fixed to the plate h at the comers only. The lid is secured to the receptacle by bayonet-catches c.
Patent GB-1512002-A (GB)
Title: Gas monitors
IPC: G01N33/00
Filed: 1975-04-22
Abstract: 1512002 Monitoring concentration of a gas BRITISH STEEL CORP 22 April 1975 [22 Jan 1974] 02841/74 Headings G1A and G1B A method for monitoring the toxic constituent of an ambient gas comprises bringing the gas into contact with a liquid having one component in which the constituent is selectively soluble and an indicator having optical transmission characteristics responsive to the quantity of constituent in solution, passing an electric current representative of the change in transmission characteristics from a datum through the liquid in which a second component is arranged to electrolyze, thereby to neutralize changes in the first component arising from the dissolved constituent and hence restore the transmission characteristics to the datum. A suction pump connected to outlet tube 6 draws air contaminated by sulphur dioxide through inlet tube 10 and a water based liquid containing hydrogen peroxide, methyl orange, and sodium chloride. The SO 2  is oxidized by the H 2 O 2  to sulphuric acid which produces a colour change in the methyl orange and an out-of-balance condition in the light received from lamp 20 in photo-electric cells 26 and 28. An out-of-balance signal is applied to an amplifier 48 which controls a power transistor T supplying current between the silver anode 11  and platinum wire cathode 16 of the cell 2. The NaCl is electrolyzed to sodium hydroxide, which neutralizes the H 2 SO 4 , and chlorine, which is retained in the cylinder 12 by a semi-permeable membrane 14 in the form of an agar plug on a sintered glass disc. The chlorine reacts with the silver of the anode to form an inert chloride. The instantaneous current between anode and cathode is indicative of instantaneous SO 2  concentration in the air and is applied for display to a recorder by means of the resistance network 52. The datum pH of the liquid is selected to lie between 3À9 and 4À0 by the initial addition of hydrochloric acid and the outputs of amplifiers 40, 42 are balanced by potentiometer 27 so that amplifier 44 produces a zero output at the datum condition. For increased sensitivity the methyl orange may be replaced by bromocresol green. For monitoring carbon monoxide the liquid in container 4 comprises dimethylformamide with an indicator of thymolphthalein, potassium iodide, ethanolamine and water. The contaminated air is first passed through absorption tubes containing respectively in sequence; silica gel to remove moisture, soda asbestos to remove carbon dioxide, magnesium perchlorate to remove moisture, molecular sieve to remove hydrocarbons and iodine pentoxide to convert CO to CO 2  for titration in cell 2. This method may be adapted to monitor carbon dioxide concentration by omitting the absorption tube containing soda asbestos.
Patent GB-138982-A (GB)
Title: Improvements in coal cutter chains
IPC: E21C25/34
Filed: 1919-02-06
Abstract: 138,982. Clough, H. Feb. 6, 1919. Coal-cutting machines.-In a coal-cutting machine, a continuous roller chain A is employed, and detachable cutter-boxes B have projecting bases C fitting within grooves in alternate links and are attached by pins F passing through the side members of the links and through holes G in the bases C. The jib of the machine has a central rib on which the rollers bear.
Patent GB-363873-A (GB)
Title: Improvements in or relating to the manufacture of articles from hydraulic cement material
IPC: B28B21/36
Filed: 1931-01-30
Abstract: 363,873. Moulding pipes &c. ISSMANN, U., 1, Via Lavatoio, Trieste, Italy. Jan. 30, 1931, No. 3056. Convention date, Feb. 3, 1930. [Class 87 (ii).] In moulding pipes or other hollow articles from a mixture of cement and fibrous material the mixture is packed into the mould when dry or only slightly moist and water to set the material is then forced in under pressure. The mould shown has an outer shell 2 in two longitudinal sections and an inner perforated shell 1 with a connection 5 for the supply of water under pressure. Alternatively the outer shell may be perforated and provided with a jacket to which the water is supplied.. A metallic reinforcement may be inserted in the mould before the dry material. Specification 9098/15, [Class 87 (ii), Moulding plastic &c. substances], is referred to.
Patent GB-558849-A (GB)
Title: Method and apparatus for executing hydrocarbon reactions with the aid of regenerative contact materials
IPC: B01J8/18
Filed: 1942-03-09
Abstract: 558.849. Catalytic conversion of hydrocarbons. TRIGGS,: W. W., (International Catalytic Oil Processes Corporation.). March 9, 1942, No. 3072. [Classes 1 (i), 32 and 91] [Also in Group IV] In processes for the catalytic conversion of hydrocarbons, e.g. the catalytic dehydrogenation of butane, propane &c., the cyclisation of open chain paraffin and olefine hydrocarbons having 6-12 carbon atoms, the catalytic reforming of gasoline and the like, the catalytic isomerisation of olefines or paraffins, the desulphurisation of vaporisable petroleum fractions, and the cracking of hydrocarbons, in which the conversion is effected in presence of finely divided catalyst or contact agents passed in suspension with the hydrocarbon vapours through a reaction zone, and the catalyst is separated from the treated vapours in two portions, one of which is recycled to the reaction zone without regeneration while the other portion is regenerated and then returned to the reaction cycle, employment of the regenerated catalyst in a state of maximum activity is obtained by proportioning the amount of catalyst regenerated to the catalyst recycled, so that the average residence time of the catalyst in the reaction zone is between 1 to 3 times the induction period, i.e. the lapse of time between the start of the conversion and the time at which the contact material attains its greatest activity. Hydrocarbon vapours are fed through line 1 to the entrance of an elongated reaction tube 2 where mixed or not with inert gases introduced through line 3 they pick up catalyst material supplied by a feeding device 4 a suspension of catalyst and vapours being formed by the injector action of the vapours. The suspension flows through the reaction tube 2 which is heated or cooled to maintain the required reaction temperature. The converted materials pass to a separator 5 where the contact material is separated from the vapours which pass off through a second separator 6. The catalyst is in part returned by the feed 4 direct to the reactor 2 without regeneration but a predetermined portion is delivered by a feed 8 through a regenerator in the form of an elongated tube 9 the material being mixed with the required regenerating media, i.e. air, air and steam, or flue gas, supplied through pipes 10, 15. The regenerated catalyst is separated from the flue gas &c. in a separator 11 and then returned by the feed 12 to the separator 5. Any moisture contained in the material may be removed by injecting dry hot flue gases through spray 17.
Patent GB-778768-A (GB)
Title: Atomiser for plastic bottles
IPC: B05B11/04
Filed: 1956-01-31
Abstract: 778,768. Powder distributers. LACRINOID PRODUCTS, Ltd., and HAGEN, R. Jan. 31. 1956 [Feb. 2, 1955]. No. 3115/56. Class 18. [Also in Group XXIX] A liquid or powder sprayer operated by squeezing the walls of its liquid or powder container 10 comprises a plug with a spring outlet 15 and consisting of two interfitting cup-shaped members 14, 22 defining between them a mixing chamber 16 communicating through openings 17 with the air space above the liquid or powder. A riser tube 19 fits onto or into a tubular extension 26 extending into the chamber, and a restriction 27 in the extension determines the quantity of liquid or powder forced up the tube and into the chamber when the container is squeezed. In a modification the bottom of the extension 30, Fig. 4, has a stepped bore 31, and by cutting off the bottom of the extension at different positions restrictions of different cross-sections are obtained. The spray outlet orifice may be arranged to direct the spray to one side.
Patent GB-576173-A (GB)
Title: Improvements in or relating to flexible or shock absorbing mountings
IPC: F16F1/38
Filed: 1944-02-21
Abstract: 576,173. Resilient mountings. SILENTBLOC, Ltd., and HUTTON, P. C. Feb. 21, 1944, No. 3158. [Class 108 (iii)) A resilient mounting comprises rubber rings or annular diaphragms D, Fig. 1, interposed between and fixed to the end portions of inner and outer sleeves A, C, and a rubber bush B secured to the intermediate portion of one of the sleeves either by bonding or being forced thereon or therein and normally mainly or wholly out of contact with the other sleeve. The rubber bush may taper in thickness from its centre towards its ends and both the bush and the diaphragms D may be bonded to metal rings C<1>, A<3> and A<4>, pressed on or into the inner or outer sleeves. In another construction, each diaphragm is replaced by a rubber ring which engages opposed annular recesses in the sleeves. As shown in Fig. 3, the rubber bush L is bonded to the centre portion J<1> of the inner sleeve J and has ends L<1> covering the ends of the portion J<1>. Between the rubber diaphragms K, discs H<2> are secured within the outer sleeve H and normally are spaced from the bush ends L<1>. Each of the three constructions of mounting yields readily in an axial direction as the rubber bush is clear of the outer sleeve and the diaphragms or rings offer little resistance. The discs H<2>, Fig. 3, limit the axial movement by abutting the adjacent end L<1> of the rubber bush. Shocks in a radial direction, however, cause the outer sleeve to contact the rubber bush which withstands considerable loads.
Patent GB-325676-A (GB)
Title: Improvements in direction signalling apparatus for motor vehicles
IPC: B60Q1/34
Filed: 1929-01-31
Abstract: 325,676. Gillard, J. Jan, 31, 1929. Road-traffic signals on vehicles. - Front and rear pivoted direction-signalling arrows B on roadvehicles are actuated together with a gong by a spindle D under the control of an arm F adapted to be moved by extending a finger from the steering-wheel G. Each arrow B moves behind a number plate A illuminated by a lamp c carried by the arrow. Specifications 5261/09, 4664/13, 159,321, 243,240, 248,025, and 255,701 are referred to.