Patent GB-1196274-A (GB)
Title: Measuring System
IPC: G01B11/00
Filed: 1967-07-28
Abstract: 1,196,274. Selective signalling; counters. FAIRBANKS MORSE Inc. 28 July, 1967 [8 Aug., 1966], No. 34915/67. Headings G4H and G4A. An object is moved on a conveyer past a sensing station at which its height and width are detected, and each time the object has moved a unit distance, its instantaneous height and width are multiplied together to provide an output representing an increment of volume, the volume increments being summed to obtain the total volume. Photo-cell circuits.-The height and width of the object is determined by arrays of light sources and co-operating photo-cells, each dimension being determined from the number of darkened photo-cells in the corresponding array. Fig. 4 shows the general connection of the photo-cells of one array. The first and every fifth photo-cell is designated a major cell, and the cells intermediate the major cells are designated minor cells. The outputs from minor photo-cells which lie between two darkened major cells are suppressed, and outputs from darkened minor cells lying to the right or left of the first or last darkened major cell appear on leads ¢A-D or ¢ A<SP>1</SP>-D<SP>1</SP> The outputs of adjacent pairs of major cells are connected as AND inputs to "fives" blocks such as 50, 51 which in turn are paired together to provide inputs to "tens" blocks 53, 54, 109, 110 and so on for "20's" and "40's" blocks 55, 57 and 56. Each block provides an output on an A or B lead when the block with which it is paired does not provide an output, the "40's", "20's" and "10's" blocks suppressing the outputs of the pair of associated lower order blocks when it is enabled. Lock-out circuits such as 52, in conjunction with the "10's" blocks enable holes in the object to be ignored by retaining the initial dimension measurement irrespective of changes in the illumination of intermediate cells which occur subsequently. The outputs from Fig. 4 are supplied to a summing circuit, Figs. 11-17 (not shown), where the measurement representation is reduced to four units leads and one lead each for 5, 10, 20, 40 and 80. Height multiplier input, Fig. 19.-The four units leads 1-4 and the 5 and 10 leads 5, 6 select weighted resistors 311A-311F to provide a capacitor charging current at output 12 corresponding to the units digit of the height measurement when enabled by an A1 input from the multiplier clock. The height (and width) units represent of the measurement units so that the units, 5 and 10 inputs combine to give a current representing the units digit of the height. Similarly, when enabled by the A2 input from the multiplier clock, the 20, 40 and 80 inputs combine to give a current from resistors 317A-317C representing the tens digit of the height. Width multiplier input, Fig. 21.-The units, 5 and 10 inputs 1-6 select a combination of weighted capacitors 332A-332F when enabled by the B1 input from the multiplier clock so that the capacitance connected between terminal 13 and earth represents the units digit of the width. Similarly, when enabled by the B2 input from the multiplier clock, the 20, 40 and 80 inputs select a capacitance combination 350A-350C representing the tens digit of the width. When the selected width digit is zero an output is obtained at 12. Multiplier clock, Fig. 25.-In the rest condition SCR 417 is ON. A magnetic transducer coupled to the conveyer and an associated ¸4 counter produce pulses for each increment of length of the object as it passes through the sensing station. The first pulse fires SCR 413 via transformer 424 and a positive pulse produced on line 440 turns off SCR 417, capacitor 438 being charged to B + on its left-hand plate. SCR 413 provides outputs A1, B1 to supply the units digits of the height and width measurements to the multiplier as described above in connection with the multiplier inputs. When these digits have been multiplied, a pulse is received on input 5 to turn on SCR 414 and turn off SCR 413 via capacitor 438. SCR 414 selects the tens digit of the height and the units digit of the width via outputs A2, B1. Stepping on of the clock continues as each pulse is received on input 5 until the rest condition is again reached when the multiplication of the first height and width measurements has been completed. The next length increment pulse on input 10 initiates a fresh multiplication cycle to determine the next volume increment. Multiplier, Fig. 24.-The capacitance K1 representing the selected width digit and supplied by the width multiplier input determines the time interval required for unijunction transistor 510 to reach its avalanche point. The charging current representing the selected height digit and supplied by the height multiplier input is applied to capacitor 514 and determines the frequency at which unijunction transistor 511 fires. Transistor 511 continues to produce output pulses until transistor 510 fires, each train of pulses representing the product of the two selected digits. Firing of transistor 510 also steps on the multiplier clock to select the next pair of digits. When the selected width digit is zero, an input at 7 from the width multiplier input (terminal 12) fires a trigger to prevent capacitor 514 charging and also causes transistor 510 to fire to step on the multiplier clock. The trains of output pulses representing the products of the digits are distributed to units, 10's and 100's outputs 9-11 by the multiplier clock and are supplied to the appropriate decades of a counter which thus accumulates the total volume of the object for print-out and display. Additional features.-The maximum dimensions may be stored and used to compute the "cubed" volume from which the "equivalent weight" may be calculated by multiplying with a constant. A comparison between the actual and "equivalent" weights may be effected to determine the appropriate freight charge.