baber/WOPTO huggingface dataset:
Patent KR-20130090777-A (KR)
Inventor: ROLLI STEFANO
IPC: G01R31/12
Filed: 2011-06-22
Abstract: 전기 신호(4)를 픽업하는 지점(point)을 형성하는 탭 어댑터(3)를 구비한 중전압(medium voltage) 또는 고전압(high voltage)용 절연기(2)의 손실 계수(loss factor)를 측정하기 위한 장치(1)로서, 상기 장치(1)는 상기 탭 어댑터에 연결가능한 제1 전극(10), 및 제2 전극(11)을 가진 알려진 커패시턴스 값의 기준 커패시터(reference capacitor)(9)와; 상기 기준 커패시터(9)에 인가된 전압을 나타내는 신호를 검출하기 위하여 상기 기준 커패시터(9)의 상기 제1 전극(10)에 동작적으로(operatively) 연결되는 제1 전압 검출 모듈(12)과; 상기 절연기에 직류 전류(direct electric current)를 주입하기 위하여 상기 기준 커패시터(9)의 상기 제1 전극(10)에 연결된 제너레이터 모듈을 포함한다.
Patent KR-20130029788-A (KR)
Inventor: ANDERSON GLEN J
IPC: H04N21/4147
Filed: 2011-06-29
Abstract: 호스트 디바이스(예를 들면, PVR)로부터 휴대형 디바이스로 녹화된 콘텐츠를 복사하는 것을 포함하는 기법들이 개시된다.  휴대형 디바이스 내의 스토리지 매체는 호스트 디바이스로부터 수신된 요망되는 콘텐츠를 저장하도록 할당된 부분을 포함할 수 있다.  이 부분의 할당은 사용자 선택에 기초할 수 있다.  실시예들에서, 콘텐츠는 호스트 디바이스로부터 휴대형 디바이스로 자동적으로 복사될("동기화될") 수 있다.  이러한 복사는 다양한 인자들, 예를 들면, 이전 동기화 액티비티들 및/또는 출력 액티비티들에 기초할 수 있다.
Patent KR-20140091902-A (KR)
Title: Cellulose ester film for compensating phase difference and viewing angle
Inventor: HA SEON YEONG
IPC: B32B23/20
Filed: 2013-01-14
Abstract: The present invention relates to a cellulose ester film for compensating a phase difference and a viewing angle. The cellulose ester film has a multi-layer structure including at least a base layer and a surface layer, and contains cellulose acetate having a degree of substitution between 2.2 and 2.6; a releasing agent on a layer in contact with a support among the surface layer; and minute particles on a layer in contact with air. According to the present invention, durability can be improved while minimizing impact of a haze increase due to the particles as the particles are contained on one surface layer only. In addition, the material properties of the film can be improved of the film by minimizing the content of additives as the releasing agent is contained only in the layer in contact with the support.
Patent KR-20140094733-A (KR)
Inventor: YOON SUNG HYUN
IPC: H04J11/00
Filed: 2013-01-22
Abstract: According to an OFDM receiver having improved impulse noise of an embodiment of the present invention, the performance can be improved by detecting the power of a signal using a signal of a memory used for fast Fourier transform. Also, according to the present invention, there is no need to detect an impulse noise in a separate equalizer so the complexity of a system is reduced and thus, costs are reduced by optimizing the chip size when a system-on-chip (SoC) size is implemented. In addition, the present invention can be used for the development of a Multi-standard chip using an OFDM method. The OFDM receiver having improved impulse noise, of the embodiment of the present invention comprises: a storage unit which stores data inputted in the OFDM receiver; a noise detecting unit which detects an impulse noise of the data inputted in the OFDM receiver; and a noise improving unit which improves the noise detected in the noise detecting unit.
Patent KR-20130088775-A (KR)
Title: Desicant and organic electroluminescence element using the desicant
Inventor: YUSUKE HOSHINA
IPC: H01L51/50
Filed: 2013-01-25
Abstract: PURPOSE: A drying agent is provided to remove an organic solvent added to a drying agent, thereby preventing the organic solvent from entering an organic electroluminescent display. CONSTITUTION: A drying agent contains the polymer of an organometallic compound shown in chemical formula 1 as a drying component. The drying component and silicon shown in chemical formula 2 are charged in an airtight container. The drying component is 50-95 weight% of the drying agent, and the silicon is 5-50 weight% of the drying agent. An organic electroluminescent display(1) is charged with the drying agent(8) as the drying component, which is airtightly sealed with an element substrate(2), a sealing substrate(7), and a sealant(9) to form a laminate, in the airtight container. The organic electroluminescent display(1) enables an organic layer(4) to contain the laminate which is pinched with a pair of electrodes.
Patent KR-20140096912-A (KR)
Inventor: KIM JUN YOUNG
IPC: H04N7/18
Filed: 2013-01-29
Abstract: According to an aspect of the present invention, provided is a rotary support assembly and a photographing apparatus comprising the same, wherein the rotary support assembly comprises: an assembly fixing portion; a drive motor installed on the assembly fixing portion; a rotary support unit which rotates by a rotating force generated by the drive motor; and a rotary shaft portion which is fixed to the assembly fixing portion and supports the rotary support unit to be able to rotate. The rotary support unit includes a first ball contact portion inside and a second ball contact portion extending to the first ball contact portion. The rotary shaft portion includes a first support surface on the outer surface and a second support surface extending to the fist support surface. A first ball assembly is disposed between the first ball contact portion and the first support surface, and a second ball assembly is disposed between the second ball contact portion and the second support surface.
Patent KR-20140098623-A (KR)
Inventor: JUNG CHAN WOO
IPC: B66C23/02
Filed: 2013-01-31
Abstract: The purpose of the present invention is to provide a lift device which allows a user to easily and promptly operate to transport loads. To this end, a lift device transporting heavy loads of the present invention comprises a base which supports the entire weight of loads; a first rope which has one end in connection with the base and extends downwards; an actuator which is connected to the other end of the first rope and moves up and down toward the first rope by winding or releasing the first rope; an operating unit which moves with the actuator and transmits a signal to operate the actuator; a fixing unit which is attached in the lower part of the operating unit and where the loads are fixed.
Patent KR-20130106291-A (KR)
Title: Motor drive device, air conditioner comprising motor drive device, and motor drive method
Inventor: UMESHITA TAKAAKI
IPC: F25B1/00
Filed: 2013-02-07
Abstract: PURPOSE: A motor driving device, an air conditioner including the same, and a motor driving method are provided to properly suppress the demagnetization of a permanent magnet in a motor while stably driving the motor. CONSTITUTION: A current threshold setting unit (45) sets an acceleration rate limit threshold by corresponding to a motor temperature which is detected by a motor winding temperature detector (50). An acceleration rate setting unit (46) compares a motor current corresponding to a current value which is detected by a current detector (20) with the acceleration rate limit threshold. The acceleration rate setting unit sets the acceleration rate of a motor according to a comparison result. A driving signal generating unit (44) outputs a driving signal to an inverter (11) according to the acceleration rate which is set by the acceleration rate setting unit. A converter (300) converts an AC voltage from an AC power source (200) into a DC voltage. [Reference numerals] (10) Power module; (100) Motor operating device; (11) Inverter; (12) Device short-circuit protecting means; (13) Inverter operating motor; (20) Current detector; (30) Amplifier; (300) Converter; (40) Inverter control means; (41) Motor current replaying u nit; (42) Speed ordering unit; (44) Driving signal generating unit; (45) Current threshold setting unit; (46) Acceleration rate setting unit; (50) Motor winding temperature detector; (AA) PWM signal
Patent KR-20140101506-A (KR)
Title: Organic light emitting diode device
Inventor: JUNG BO RA
IPC: H05B33/26
Filed: 2013-02-08
Abstract: The present invention relates to an organic light emitting device. According to the embodiment of the present invention, the organic light emitting device includes: a first electrode, a second electrode facing the first electrode, and a light emitting layer located between the first electrode and the second electrode. The first electrode includes a samarium (Sm).
Patent KR-20130095221-A (KR)
Title: Method and apparatus for filling metal paste, and method for fabricating via plug
Inventor: YAMAGUCHI EIJI
IPC: H01L21/768
Filed: 2013-02-14
Abstract: PURPOSE: A metal paste filling method, a metal paste filling apparatus, and a method for manufacturing a via plug are provided to simply manufacture the via plug matched with the processed surface level of a substrate. CONSTITUTION: A pad (10) has operating surfaces. A gap is formed between the operating surfaces. An exhaust part (12) has one or more exhaust ports. The exhaust part decompresses the inside of the gap. A metal paste supply unit (14) includes one or more inlets. The metal paste supply unit supplies metal paste from the inlets to a non-through hole. [Reference numerals] (26) Vacuum device; (28) Direction switching valve; (30) Controller; (38) Compressed air supply source; (40) Suckback valve; (42) Regulator
Patent KR-20140103612-A (KR)
Inventor: LEE TAE WOO
IPC: H01L21/205
Filed: 2013-02-18
Abstract: 증류수 또는 유기 용매에 산화물 반도체성 전구체 및 유기 고분자를 용해하여 산화물 반도체성 전구체/유기 고분자의 복합체(composite) 용액을 제공하는 단계; 기판으로부터 수직으로 상기 산화물 반도체성 전구체/유기 고분자 복합체의 용액을 적하하여 상기 기판 상에 산화물 반도체성 전구체/유기 고분자 복합체의 와이어를 정렬하는 단계; 상기 정렬된 산화물 반도체성 전구체/유기 고분자 복합체의 와이어를 가열하여 정렬된 산화물 반도체 와이어의 패턴을 형성하는 단계를 포함하는 산화물 반도체 와이어 패턴의 제조방법을 제공한다.
Patent KR-20140106209-A (KR)
Inventor: LEE EUN JUNG
IPC: G06F9/44
Filed: 2013-02-26
Abstract: Provided is a method for outputting sound using a smartphone application, which comprises: a first step of executing the application; a second step of selecting a desired sound when a play is selected from a menu displayed when the application is executed; a third step of selecting any one among a sound selection, a sound adjustment, and image editing when a setting is selected from the menu; a fourth step of selecting the desired sound among sounds displayed by selecting the sound selection, adjusting an interval or rhythm of the sound by selecting the sound adjustment, or editing a video or an image by selecting the image editing; and a fifth step of outputting the sound selected in the second step or in the third and fourth step. According to the present invention, a crying baby can be easily soothed by a smartphone. In other words, the sound which can make the baby stop crying is outputted by using the application for the smartphone used by almost everyone today and only touching the application. Thus, the baby may stop crying.
Patent KR-20140108467-A (KR)
Inventor: JEON HAE RYONG
IPC: F25D25/00
Filed: 2013-02-28
Abstract: A refrigerator according to the present invention comprises: a main body; a storage room formed in the main body, and having an opened front side; a door opening or closing the opened front side of the storage room; a water tank storing purified water; a carbonated water generating module having a carbon dioxide gas cylinder storing a carbon dioxide gas, having a carbonated water tank generating carbonated water by mixing the purified water with the carbon dioxide gas, and mounted on the rear side of the door; a dispenser having a water dispensing space formed on the door to be open at the front side, having a carbonated water discharge flow path connecting the carbonated water tank and the water dispensing space in order to dispense the carbonated water from the water dispensing space, and having a purified water discharge flow path connecting the water tank and the water dispensing space in order to dispense the purified water from the water dispensing space and not passing through the carbonated water tank; and a carbonated water regulator maintaining the discharge pressure of the carbonated water. According to the present invention, the discharge pressure of the carbonated water can be maintained, and the carbonated water can be stably discharged.
Patent KR-20140109594-A (KR)
Inventor: KIM WAN GYU
IPC: G03G15/08
Filed: 2013-03-06
Abstract: The present invention relates to a cartridge assembly for an image forming apparatus in which a drum unit and a developing unit are integrally formed, and which comprises a developer injection hole formed on the outer side of the developing unit in the longitudinal direction to inject a developer inside the developing unit from the outside; and a sealing means detachably installed on the developer injection hole to seal the developer injection hole, thus the cartridge assembly does not need to be disassembled when the developer is injected to enable a general user to easily and simply inject the developer into the developing unit.
Patent KR-20140111090-A (KR)
Inventor: CHO YOUNG GUN
IPC: B01D35/00
Filed: 2013-03-06
Abstract: A water treatment apparatus of the present invention comprises a purified water mode which generates purified water by receiving raw water; an electro deionization method filter which has a reclaimed mode to generate reclaimed water; a first concentration sensor which measures the concentration of raw water wherein raw water is supplied in the electro deionization filter; and a control unit which controls filter voltage, which is received between a positive electrode and a negative electrode of the electro deionization method filter depending on the concentration of raw water measure in the first concentration sensor.
Patent KR-20140110672-A (KR)
Inventor: LEE SUK KOU
IPC: H05K5/06
Filed: 2013-03-08
Abstract: The present invention relates to a system for preventing an electric leakage, dust, and moisture by coating and sealing vegetable nonconductive liquid on the body of an electronic product and discharging heat. According to the embodiment of the present invention, the electric leakage is prevented by coating and sealing a portable phone, a computer, a component of electronic equipment, and a body (1) of an electronic device with cooking oil made of an environmentally-friendly vegetable nonconductive liquid (2). The breakdown of an electronic component due to contact with the dust or moisture is previously prevented by blocking air through soft silicon coating (3) or vinyl made by adding flame retardant materials.
Patent KR-20140112835-A (KR)
Inventor: KWON TAE HEUI
IPC: G11C5/14
Filed: 2013-03-14
Abstract: A semiconductor memory device is disclosed. According to an embodiment of the present invention, the semiconductor memory device comprises a standby voltage provision unit which carries out first clamping of particular voltage by receiving external voltage during a standby mode and provides the first clamped voltage as internal voltage by carrying out second clamping of the first clamped voltage.
Patent KR-20130105525-A (KR)
Title: Resin composition for fiber-reinforced composite material, prepreg, and fiber-reinforced composite material
Inventor: MIZUTA TOMOYA
IPC: C08L101/02
Filed: 2013-03-15
Abstract: PURPOSE: A resin composition for a fiber-reinforced material can form a fiber-reinforced composite material with excellent work stability, quick curing rate, and high thermal resistance. CONSTITUTION: A resin composition for a fiber-reinforced material includes a radically polymerizable compound, a cationic polymerizable compound, a compound which has a radically polymerizable group and a cationically polymerizable group, a radical polymerization initiator, and an acid generator. The radically polymerizable compound has two or more radically polymerizable groups per one molecule and is a compound the functional group equivalent of the radically polymerizable group of which is 50-300. A prepreg is formed by impregnating the resin composition for a fiber-reinforced material into a reinforced fiber.
Patent KR-20140113003-A (KR)
Inventor: KIM YONG SIK
IPC: B60H1/00
Filed: 2013-03-15
Abstract: The present invention relates to an air conditioning device for a vehicle to control the temperature of the interior of the vehicle and, more specifically, to an air conditioning device for a vehicle, which has a baffle at a point where a lower end of a cold air path and a lower end of a warm air path and induces the mixture of cold air and warm air through the baffle. When the mixture of the cold air and the warm air is required, the door type baffle is disposed on the path vertically. When a strong blast of the cold air or the warm air is required, the door type baffle is disposed on the path horizontally.
Patent KR-20140113863-A (KR)
Inventor: PARK SIN NA
IPC: B65H75/10
Filed: 2013-03-17
Abstract: 본 발명은 지관 외주면에 탄성층을 형성한 필름 권취용 지관에 관한 것으로, 더욱 상세하게는 상기 탄성층의 외주면과 그 탄성층 외주면에 접착되는 필름 선단부와의 단차를 효율적으로 흡수하여 탄성층 외주면의 진원도를 균일하게 유지해 줌으로써 필름을 권취하였을 때 필름 선단부 접착부의 상부에 적층되는 필름에 발생될 수 있는 눌림자국을 최소화할 수 있을뿐더러, 탄성부재의 부착작업이 용이하여 지관 외주면에 손쉽게 탄성층을 형성할 수 있는 개량된 필름 권취용 지관에 관한 것이다. 
상기와 같은 목적을 달성하기 위한 본 발명인 필름 권취용 지관(1)은, 일정길이의 지재로 된 원통형의 지관(100)과; 상기 지관(100)의 외주면에 접착되어 탄성층(210)을 형성하는 탄성부재(200)를 포함하여 구성되는 필름 권취용 지관에 있어서, 상기 탄성부재(200)는, 지관(100)의 폭과 동일한 폭이고 두께가 균일한 단면 폼테이프를 일정길이로 절단하여 형성하되 상기 탄성부재(200)인 폼테이프의 길이(f)는 f=πd 길이로 절단 형성된 것임을 특징으로 한다. 
또한 본 발명의 상기와 같은 목적은, 상기 탄성부재(200)의 두께를, 도5에 나타낸 것과 같이, 상기 지관(100) 단면의 중심점을 중심(0,0)으로 하는 좌표상의 2사분면, 3사분면 및 4사분면 영역의 두께는 균일하게 형성하되 좌표상의 1사분면 영역의 두께는 x축으로부터 y축으로 갈수록 점점 엷어지는 형상으로 형성함으로써 달성될 수 있다. 
또한 본 발명의 상기와 같은 목적은, 상기 탄성층(210)을, 지관(100) 외주면의 길이방향의 일정폭은 지관(100)의 폭과 동일한 폭이고 두께가 균일하고 타면 접착면에 외형지(202)를 구비한 양면 폼테이프가 부착되고 지관(100) 외주면의 타 영역에는 지관(100)의 폭과 동일한 폭이고 상기 양면 폼테이프와 두께가 균일한 일면 폼테이프가 부착되어 형성되되, 상기 양면폼테이프의 탄성도가 상기 일면폼테이프의 탄성도를 더 크게 형성함으로써 달성될 수 있다. 
상기와 같이 구성되는 본 발명인 필름 권취용 지관에 의하면, 일정길이의 지재로 된 원통형의 지관과; 상기 지관의 외주면에 접착되어 탄성층을 형성하는 탄성부재를 포함하여 구성되는 필름 권취용 지관에 있어서, 상기 탄성층의 외주면과 그 탄성층 외주면에 접착되는 필름 선단부와의 단차를 효율적으로 흡수하여 탄성층 외주면의 진원도를 균일하게 유지해 줌으로써 필름을 권취하였을 때 필름 선단부 접착부의 상부에 적층되는 필름에 발생될 수 있는 눌림자국을 최소화할 수 있을뿐더러, 지관 외주면에 탄성부재의 부착작업이 용이하여 손쉽게 탄성층을 형성할 수 있는 개량된 필름 권취용 지관이 제공된다.
Patent KR-20140114126-A (KR)
Title: 비상시 선박 전력 차단 장치
Inventor: HA YONG SOO
IPC: B63J99/00
Filed: 2013-03-18
Abstract: 본 발명은 비상시 선박 전력 차단장치에 관한 것으로, 선박/해양 구조물에서 엔지룸을 대피소로 사용하는 경우 선급 규정에 따라 엔진룸 외부에 설치되는 엔트런스(Entrance), F/C/R(Fire Control Room) 등의 엔진 룸 팬(Engine Room Fans), 오일 펌프(Oil Pumps)등과 같은 주요 장비들을 제어할 수 있는 비상 정지 스위치를 무력화하는 비상시 선박 전력 차단장치를 제공하려는 목적은, 엔진룸(Engine Room) 외부의 선박 전력 비상정지 스위치가 설치된 선박 전력 비상정지 스위치 그룹에 접속하여 선박 전력을 연결 하거나 차단 하는 선박 전력 비상 제어 수단을 구비하는 것을 특징으로 하는 비상시 선박의 전력 차단 장치에 의해 달성된다.
Patent KR-20140120077-A (KR)
Title: Steel- mounting Jig
Inventor: LEE JEOM WON
IPC: E04G21/16
Filed: 2013-04-02
Abstract: The present invention relates to a jig for installing a steel frame and, more specifically, to a jig for installing a steel frame capable of preventing an accident of an operator and improving working efficiency by allowing the operator to be able to release a shackle from a steel frame column on the ground after installing the steel frame column by transferring the steel frame to an installation position with a crane.
Patent KR-20130053426-A (KR)
Title: Device for managing mobile terminated service
Inventor: PARK JAE UK
IPC: H04W88/18
Filed: 2013-04-11
Abstract: PURPOSE: A text message integrated management device for business is provided to enable a user to effectively user text messages by automatically classifying the text messages. CONSTITUTION: A data extraction unit(610) extracts an originating subject or a kind of a text message. A message storage unit(620) automatically stores the text message based on the originating subject or the kind. The text message storage unit includes a period extracting unit and a storage unit. When the kind of the text message is a mobile coupon, the period extracting unit extracts the available period of the mobile coupon. The period storage unit stores the text message according to the available period. [Reference numerals] (610) Data extraction unit; (620) Message storage unit; (621) Period extraction unit; (622) Period-specific storage unit
Patent KR-20140125174-A (KR)
Inventor: KIM DONG IK
IPC: G06F3/041
Filed: 2013-04-18
Abstract: A mobile terminal, according to the present invention, can control the operation of another electronic device based on a touch for a GUI image of the other electronic device displayed on a preview screen. In addition, a user of the mobile terminal, according to the present invention, can control the other electronic device to perform a predetermined specific function for a specific site by a touch for the specific site of the other electronic device displayed on the preview screen.
Patent KR-20140129632-A (KR)
Inventor: PARK DONG JIN
IPC: H04N21/44
Filed: 2013-04-30
Abstract: An apparatus for processing moving images is disclosed. The apparatus for processing moving images according to the present invention comprises: an image central processing unit which parses parameter information and slice header information from moving image data which is inputted from the host; and a plurality of image processors which process the moving image according to the parsed information under the control of the image central processing unit. The image processors store information required for performing boundary processing among the image processors on a memory while processing respective allocated regions, and the information stored on the memory is used to calculate filtering parameters along with the information parsed at the image central processing unit.
Patent KR-20140130346-A (KR)
Title: 크레인 트롤리의 사행 방지용 캠 팔로워 장치
Inventor: KIM KYUNG JOON
IPC: B61B3/00
Filed: 2013-04-30
Abstract: 본 발명은 크레인 트롤리의 사행 방지용 캠 팔로워 장치에 관한 것으로, 해결하고자 하는 기술적 과제는 크레인 트롤리의 사행에 의한 휠의 수명 저하를 방지하기 위해 캠 팔로워 장치가 구비되어, 휠과 레일 사이의 마찰로 인한 소음 및 마모를 방지하는데 있다.  
이를 위해 본 발명은 레일의 상부에서 이격되어, 레일의 주행방향과 직교하는 레일의 좌우방향으로 배치된 제1브라켓, 제1브라켓에 장착되며 하부 방향으로 돌출된 캠팔로워 세트, 제1브라켓의 양단에서 상부 방향으로 각각 연장되어 트롤리의 하부에 장착됨으로써 제1브라켓을 트롤리에 각각 고정하는 제2브라켓 및 제3브라켓을 구비한 캠 팔로워 장치를 개시한다.
Patent KR-20140130968-A (KR)
Inventor: LEE MIN HYUCK
IPC: B60W40/02
Filed: 2013-05-02
Abstract: The present invention relates to a system and method for predicting a change in a traffic signal by learning user experience data which collect and analyze user experience data by an electronic device and sensors mounted in a vehicle to predict a signal change in a repeated driving road. Provided are the system and method for predicting a change in a traffic signal by learning user experience data which include a global positioning system (GPS) receiving unit receiving a GPS signal to calculate vehicle position information; an image sensor unit taking an image to collect traffic signal information of a road on which the vehicle is being driven; a car body control unit detecting speed information and state information of the vehicle to transfer the information to a main control unit, and controlling engine operation in accordance with an engine control signal provided from the main control unit; the main control unit checking the vehicle position information from the GPS receiving unit to determine whether the vehicle is on the repeated driving road, and if the vehicle is on the repeated driving road, collecting and analyzing a traffic light status and a vehicle driving status from the image sensor unit and the car body control unit to calculate an operation order of individual display lights and signal change prediction time of each traffic light in a corresponding driving path based on the current position information and the traffic signal information of the vehicle; and a storage unit controlled by the main control unit and storing one or more pieces of information collected from the GPS receiving unit and the image sensor unit, thereby minimizing a stop due to a traffic signal and enabling efficient driving.
Patent KR-20140020181-A (KR)
Title: Apparatuses and methods for recovering service from rejected signaling procedure due to network failure
Inventor: CHENG TSUNG YO
IPC: H04B7/26
Filed: 2013-05-02
Abstract: A mobile communication device includes a wireless module and a controller module. The wireless module wirelessly transmits and receives a signal to/from a first public land mobile network (PLMN) and a second PLMN. The controller module performs signal procedures to the first PLMN through the wireless module and PLMN selecting procedures through the wireless module without retrying the signal procedures in the first PLMN by responding to a failure of the signal procedures and a rejection reason indicating a network failure. [Reference numerals] (11,21,31,41) Access network; (12,22,32,42) Core network