Patent GB-394043-A (GB)
Title: Improvements in the manufacture and production of assistants for the textile and allied industries
IPC: C07C303/24
Filed: 1932-01-15
Abstract: Assistants for the textile and allied industries which are stated to be wetting, foaming, dispersing, and cleansing agents are obtained by the halogenation of sulphuric esters of aliphatic or cycloaliphatic alcohols containing at least six carbon atoms or salts thereof.  The following alcohols are specified: hexyl, octyl, nonyl, decyl, cyclohexyl, alkylcyclohexyl, dodecyl, pentadecyl, cetyl, octodecyl, myricyl and oleyl alcohols, the alcohols obtained by the liquid phase oxidation of paraffin wax or by the reduction by means of sodium or catalytically of aliphatic or cycloaliphatic acids such as resinic, naphthenic, montanic or carboceric acids or the acids obtained by the oxidation of paraffin wax.  The ethers of polyhydric alcohols containing at least six carbon atoms and one free hydroxy group, e.g. the mono decyl and cetyl glycol ethers, and polyhydric alcohols containing at least six carbon atoms, e.g. dodecandiol and 7 : 18-stearyleneglycol, may also be employed as starting materials. The sulphonation of the alcohols may be effected with sulphuric acid, oleum, chlorsulphonic acid, amidosulphonic acid, pyrosulphuricchloride or acetosulphuric acid, if desired, in the presence of diluents, e.g. ethers, ethylenechloride or carbon tetrachloride.  The halogenation may be effected with halogen, e.g. bromine or iodine, or with agents supplying halogen such as sulphuryl chloride, preferably dissolved in a solvent and with halogenation catalysts.  The halogenation may also be facilitated by the use of the silent electric discharge, short wave rays or ordinary electric lamps.  In example: (1) octodecyl alcohol is sulphonated with chlorsulphonic acid in carbon tetrachloride and then treated with chlorine in the presence of a mercury vapour lamp: (2) cetylalcohol is sulphonated with chlorsulphonic acid in ethylenechloride and chlorine introduced at 50 DEG  C.: (3) dichlorstearylalcoholsulphuric ester is prepared from oleyl alcohol by a process similar to that used in example 2: (4) stearyleneglycol is sulphonated and chlorinated: (5) a mixture of naphthenic alcohols is sulphonated and then treated with bromine, the nonsulphonated alcohols being extracted with ether: (6) lauryl alcohol is sulphonated in carbon tetrachloride and treated with iodinetrichloride.ALSO:Assistants for the textile and allied industries, which are stated to be dispersing agents, are obtained by the halogenation of sulphuric esters of aliphatic or cycloaliphatic alcohols containing at least six carbon atoms or salts thereof.  The following alcohols are specified: hexyl, octyl, nonyl, decyl, cyclohexyl, alkylcyclohexyl, dodecyl, pentadecyl, cetyl, octodecyl, myricyl and oleyl alcohols, the alcohols obtained by the liquid phase oxidation of paraffin wax or by the reduction by means of sodium or catalytically of aliphatic or cycloaliphatic acids, such as resinic, naphthenic, montanic or carboceric acids or the acids obtained by the oxidation of paraffin wax.  The ethers of polyhydric alcohols containing at least six carbon atoms and one free hydroxy group, e.g. the mono decyl and cetyl glycol ethers, and polyhydric alcohols containing at least six carbon atoms, e.g. dodecandiol and 7 : 18-stearyleneglycol may also be employed as starting materials.  The halogenation may be effected with halogen, e.g. bromine or iodine, or with agents supplying halogen such as sulphuryl chloride, preferably dissolved in a solvent and with halogenation catalysts.  The halogenation may also be facilitated by the use of the silent electric discharge, short wave rays or ordinary electric lamps.  In examples: (1) octodecyl alcohol is sulphonated with chlorsulphonic acid in carbon tetrachloride and then treated with chlorine in the presence of a mercury vapour lamp; (2) cetyl alcohol is sulphonated with chlorsulphonic acid in ethylenechloride and chlorine introduced at 50 DEG  C.; (3) dichlorstearylalcoholsulphuric ester is prepared from oleyl alcohol by a process similar to that used in example 2; (4) stearyleneglycol is sulphonated and chlorinated; (5) a mixture of naphthenic alcohols is sulphonated and then treated with bromine, the nonsulphonated alcohols being extracted with ether; (6) lauryl alcohol is sulphonated in carbon tetrachloride and treated with iodinetrichloride.