Patent GB-1309849-A (GB)
Title: Laminates
IPC: C08J5/12
Filed: 1970-12-22
Abstract: 1309849 Coating with adhesive B F GOODRICH CO 22 Dec 1970 [29 Dec 1969] 60736/ 70 Heading B2E [Also in Divisions C3 and B5] A laminate comprises at least two layers bonded together with an aqueous adhesive polymer latex containing from 0.01 to 25% by weight of carboxyl functionality based on the total polymer composition, the adhesive latex being present as raised, spaced deposits having an average diameter of 0.0005 inches to 0.05 inches, a viscosity of at least 10,000 centipoises and an average droplet density of between 500,000 and 400 droplets per square inch. The laminate is suitably made by spraying the aqueous adhesive polymer latex through an atmosphere containing a basic compound, e.g. ammonia or an amine containing up to 20 carbon atoms, the concentration of the basic compound in the atmosphere being sufficient to raise the viscosity of the droplets to at least 10,000 centipoises. These sprayed layers may then be united under heat and pressure. The adhesive may comprise a copolymer of one or more α, # olefinically unsaturated carboxylic acid monomers with one or more copolymerisable (CH 2 =C=) monomers, especially esters of unsaturated acids. The polymers may be copolymers, block or graft polymers. The binder preferably contains an ester of the formula: wherein R=hydrogen, methyl or ethyl and R 1  is a hydrocarbon radical of one to 12 carbon atoms. Other copolymerisable monomers include conjugated dienes; α olefins; vinyl halides; vinylidene chloride; vinyl esters; alkyl vinyl ethers; the amides, N-alkyl- or N-alkoxyalkyl amides of α, # olefinically unsaturated acids; acrylonitriles; cyanoalkyl acrylates and poly-functional monomers such methylene bis acrylamide ethylene glycol dimethacrylates, diethylene glycol diacrylate, aryl pentaerythritol or divinyl benzene. The adhesive may include emulsifiers and initiators. The carboxyl functionality may also be introduced by physical blending, e.g. of carboxyl thickeners derived from α, # unsaturated carboxylic acids and esters thereof. Other polymer latexes may be mased on butadiene, suitably polymerised styrene and acrylonitrile or any of the above mentioned comonomers. Specified materials which can be bonded by the present process including open and close cell materials derived from polyurethane, vinyls, natural rubber, neoprene, styrene/butadiene copolymers or polybutadiene woven and non-woven fabrics obtained from natural fibres such as cotton wool, silk, sisal, cantala, lenequin, hemp, jute, kenaf, sunn and ramie or synthetic fibres such as rayon, cellulose esters, proteinaceous materials, polyamides, polyesters, acrylics, e.g. copolymers of acrylonitrile and vinyl chloride, vinyl acetate, vinyl pyrridine, or methacrylonitrile, modacrylic fibres, or the copolymers of vinyl chloride with vinyl acetate or vinylidene chloride, polyvinyl alcohol, polyolefins; lead; paper; wood; cork; metal; plastics foils; glass; leather and elastomeric materials. The spraying of the adhesive may be performed in a closed chamber containing the basic atmosphere or in an open chamber in which case an after treatment with the spray may be necessary. Alternatively, the adhesive may be sprayed with the basic compound through a two nozzle spray head. When a permeable substrate is used the spray may be introduced from underneath the substrate.