Patent GB-344829-A (GB)
Title: The manufacture of sulphonated conversion products of higher paraffin hydrocarbons
IPC: C07G99/00
Filed: 1929-09-11
Abstract: Sulphonated higher paraffin derivatives obtained by sulphonating the products produced by treating halogenated paraffin hydrocarbons, which contain more than eight carbon atoms and at least two halogen atoms in the molecule, with aqueous or alcoholic solutions or suspensions of an alkali, alkali carbonate or alkaline earth are used for making emulsions.  In examples, (1) a dichlorinated hard paraffin (obtained by introducing two atomic proportions of chlorine into a hard paraffin of average molecular weight 367), after treatment in an autoclave with alcoholic caustic soda is sulphonated, in the presence of carbon tetrachloride, with fuming sulphuric acid.  (2) the same dichlorinated hard paraffin, after treatment in an autoclave in the presence of copper powder, with alcoholic caustic potash is dissolved in ethylene trichloride and sulphonated with fuming sulphuric acid: (3) a trichlorinated derivative of the same paraffin used in example 1 is treated with aqueous caustic soda in an autoclave and sulphonated with chlorsulphonic acid in petroleum ether.  A paraffin derivative still containing one chlorine atom and also one double bond and hydroxy groups, derived from the same trichlorinated hard paraffin by treatment with caustic soda is sulphonated: (4) the trichlorinated hard paraffin used in example 3 is treated in an autoclave with alcoholic caustic potash and sulphonated with sulphuric monohydrate: (5) a tetra chlorinated derivative of the paraffin used in example 1 is heated in an autoclave with aqueous sodium carbonate, and then sulphonated with fuming sulphuric acid in petroleum ether: (6) a hexachlorinated derivative of the paraffin used in example 1 is heated under reflux with alcoholic caustic potash, and the product, dissolved in benzine is sulphonated with oleum: (7) a heptachlorinated derivative of the paraffin used in example 1 is heated in an autoclave with aqueous potassium carbonate and then sulphonated with sulphuric acid in the presence of acetic anhydride.ALSO:Sulphonated higher paraffin derivatives are obtained by sulphonating the products produced by treating halogenated paraffin hydrocarbons, which contain more than eight carbon atoms and at least two halogen atoms in the molecule, with aqueous or alcoholic solutions or suspensions of an alkali, alkali carbonate p  or alkaline earth.  The sulphonation may be effected in the presence of diluents and of lower fatty acids or their anhydrides or chlorides. In examples, (1) a dichlorinated hard paraffin (obtained by introducing two atomic proportions of chlorine into a hard paraffin of average molecular weight 367), after treatment in an autoclave with alcoholic caustic soda is sulphonated, in the presence of carbon tetrachloride, with fuming sulphuric acid. Unsulphonate material may be separated from the product by extraction with organic solvents: (2) the same dichlorinated hard paraffin, after treatment in an autoclave in the presence of copper powder, with alcoholic caustic potash is dissolved in ethylene trichloride and sulphonated with fuming sulphuric acid; (3) a trichlorinated derivative of the same paraffin used in example 1 is treated with aqueous caustic soda in an autoclave and sulphonated with chlorsulphonic acid in petroleum ether.  A similar product which may be used for softening artificial silk is obtained by sulphonating a paraffin derivative still containing one chlorine atom and also one double bond and hydroxy groups, derived from the same trichlorinated hard paraffin by treatment with caustic soda: (4) the trichlorinated hard paraffin used in example 3 is treated in an autoclave with alcoholic caustic potash and sulphonated with sulphuric monohydrate; (5) a tetrachlorinated derivative of the paraffin used in example 1 is heated in an autoclave with aqueous sodium carbonate, and then sulphonated with fuming sulphuric acid in petroleum ether: (6) a hexachlorinated derivative of the paraffin used in example 1 is heated under reflux with alcoholic caustic potash and the product, dissolved in benzine is sulphonated with oleum: (7) a heptachlorinated derivative of the paraffin used in example 1 is heated in an autoclave with aqueous potassium carbonate and then sulphonated with sulphuric acid in the presence of acetic anhydride. The products may contain both sulphonic and sulphuric ester groups, and may be used as wetting, protective and emulsifying agents in the textile and leather industries.  Specification 343,948 is referred to.