Patent GB-493915-A (GB)
Title: Improvements in or relating to the treatment of textile materials
IPC: D06M15/39
Filed: 1937-04-15
Abstract: In the treatment with liquid media, such as dye liquors, liquid shrinking media or solutions of saponifying agents, of yarns and similar textile materials in compact package form, the materials, which have, prior to packaging been coated with a soluble or readily dispersible film-forming substance, are treated to remove such substance by dissolution or dispersion and to a simultaneous or subsequent treatment with the desired liquid medium. Alternatively, the coating may be effected with a film-forming substance readily penetrable by the desired liquid medium which is subsequently applied.  The process is especially suitable for the treatment of packages of yarn, e.g. of cellulose acetate or other organic cellulose derivative, of regenerated cellulose or of cotton, silk or wool.  Specified film-forming substances are (a) carbohydrates, such as glucose, dextrose, cane sugar, b - or g - or other degraded cellulose soluble in water or weak aqueous alkali solutions, cellulose regenerated from an over-ripened viscose solution or cellulose acetate ripened until soluble in dilute alcohol and saponified, (b) carbohydrate esters or ethers soluble in water or aqueous liquids, such as cellulose esters or ethers ripened until soluble in dilute acetone, dilute alcohol or water, the cellulose esters described in Specification 344,775, or the cellulose ethers described in Specification 166,767, 277,721, [both in Class 2 (ii)], 343,521, or 344,528, (c) polymerized vinyl compounds containing hydroxy or other hydrophile groups, such as polyvinyl alcohol, partially saponified polyvinyl esters, and polyvinyl esters or ethers the esterifying or etherifying radicles of which contain hydrophile groups, including the products described in Specifications 385,978, 386,005, 398,173, and 454,425, (d) polymerized acrylic acids or partially saponified polymerized acrylic esters, (e) resins of the type described in Specification 453,833, or (f) compounds of the albumen type, such as gelatine or casein (which may be dissolved in water containing a small amount of alkali). The film-forming substance may also be a substance soluble in organic solvents, such as a natural or synthetic resin, gum, wax, higher aliphatic acid, e.g. stearic acid, or a derivative thereof, or a cellulose derivative.  The film-forming substance may be applied to yarn while the yarn is travelling from one point to another, e.g. during the course of a winding operation.  It may also be applied by spraying or by means of wicks, rollers or like devices.  In examples: (1) cellulose acetate yarn is passed through a glucose solution, dried, and wound on a perforated bobbin, which is then treated with water in a circulating machine to dissolve the glucose; an evenly penetrable package is thereby obtained, which is dyed with Solway Ultra Blue BS, (2) a package prepared as in (1) is circulated, without previous removal of the glucose, with a dye liquor containing p-nitrobenzene - azo - ethyl - sulphato - ethyl-m-toluidine; a uniform red dyeing is obtained, and (3) cellulose ester or ether yarns intended for treatment in the form of bobbins, cones, cheeses, pirns, cakes and the like are coated with methyl cellulose from cold aqueous solution by spraying or by means of wicks or rollers; uniform penetration and/or simultaneous dyeing can then be effected by treating with solutions at 70 DEG  C. or over, the stratum of methyl cellulose being insoluble but readily penetrable at such temperatures.  The methyl cellulose is subsequently removed by circulation of cold water.