baber/WOPTO huggingface dataset:
Patent GB-855349-A (GB)
Title: Improvements in or relating to confectioners' hard butter
Inventor: ROYLANCE ALAN
IPC: C11B7/00
Filed: 1956-12-21
Abstract: In the preparation of confectioners' hard butter from palm kernel oil, the oil is hardened to iodine value of less than 10 and is randomly interesterified, and is then fractionated by a solvent to remove a low melting fraction and obtain a fraction having a dilatation at 30 DEG C. of not less than 1000 and a dilatation at 37 DEG C. of not more than 300.  The mode of determination of the dilatation values is described.  A mixture of not more than 25% of coconut oil with the palm kernel oil may be used.  The solvent is exemplified by anhydrous acetone and dry petroleum ether of b.pt. 40 60 DEG C.  The fractionation is carried out with 4 ml. of solvent to 1 g. of the hardened, interesterified oil.  According to an example, a palm kernel oil of I.V. 160 was hardened, using a nickel/kieselguhr catalyst, to I.V. 4, 3 and, after washing and drying, was interesterified by a sodium methoxide catalyst in an atmosphere of nitrogen, the interesterified oil was washed, dried and bleached with activated fullers' earth and dissolved in acetone, the acetone solution was allowed to stand for 16 hr. at 0 DEG C., and the solid fraction, of dilatation 1170 at 30 DEG C. and 95 at 37 DEG C., was then filtered off and deodorized by heating in vacuo.
Patent GB-1516300-A (GB)
Title: Roof lining
IPC: E04D13/16
Filed: 1974-09-06
Abstract: 1516300 Roof insulation CONDER INTERNATIONAL Ltd 5 Sept 1975 [4 March 1975 6 Sept 1974] 39128/74 and 8865 Heading E1W To reduce heat loss the roof of a building is lined by securing to the purlins 2 which have bottom flanges formed with upwardly projecting lips 4 lining support members 5 which have bent over tops 6 engaging over the lips and are formed and disposed so that the lining shown as insulating ceiling panels 14 conceals the purlins from below. Transverse T-bars passing through the lining supports 5 and overlying the panels may be provided and further thermal insulation such as a glass fibre quilt may be placed above the panels.
Patent GB-942620-A (GB)
Title: Improvements in or relating to a method of sintering fly ash into lightweight aggregate
IPC: C04B18/08
Filed: 1961-11-02
Abstract: <PICT:0942620/C1/1> Fly ash residue of varying carbon content is sintered to form a lightweight concrete aggregate, by depositing pellets of fly ash, formed by binding with water, in a layer upon the upper surface of a moving grate, igniting and heating the top of the layer by combustion with fuel and air from above, drawing air downwardly through the layer and the grate while under the region of ignition and heating in order to heat the pellets to a temperature at which they sinter, and also in a region thereafter in order to cool the sinter, discharging and crushing the sinter from the moving grate to form a lightweight aggregate component, sensing and determining the increase and decrease in change of temperature of the pellets in the region of ignition and when the temperature increases and decreases from a predetermined constant temperature, adjusting the supply of fuel and air to the ignition zone to maintain the constant temperature. In Fig. 2, fly arm is fed from silo 10 along belt conveyer 11 to a huge bin 12 from which the fly ash is fed by a vibrating screw feeder 13 <PICT:0942620/C1/2> into a pelletizing drum 14, from which the pellets pass, via an oscillating conveyer 15, on to the upper strand 16 of a continuous sintering machine with wind boxes 17. The air for combustion and cooling of the sintered fly ash is drawn downwardly through the sinter bed into wind boxes 17 under the action of suction 18 through a waste gas duct 19, which discharges through a waste heat stack 20. The pellets are discharged through shoot 21 to hammer mill crusher 22, which discharges the crushed sinter as lightweight aggregate. For igniting and controlling the heating of the fly arm pellets, a downwardly open radiant heat ignition furnace chamber 25 is mounted thereover, close to feeder 13. The chamber (see Fig. 3) has an enclosed flat surface roof 26 extending downwardly from a tall front wall 27 to a shorter rear wall 28, and is provided with a burner nozzle 29, for fuel gas and air, disposed in the upper half of the tall front wall and set therein to direct the burning fuel along lines to directly impinge first on the short rear wall 28 at a level above the base of the short wall, and then above the top surface of the bed of pellets. The fuel is fed through line 31 and air through line 32.  The rate of flow of fuel and air is governed by valves 35 and 36, these valves being interconnected for use in unison by linkage 38.  To maintain the constant temperature, means 39 for sensing temperature changes is connected to means 40 via wiring 41 and mechanisms 42, which adjusts fuel and air valves 35 and 36. Means 39 is preferably a thermocouple or optical pyrometer.  44 is an electric motor-operated valve positioner.  60% of the pellets should pass through 200 mesh sieve (U.S. Standard).  The sintered fly ash is crushed to 3/8 inch.  An example is given wherein the temperature of ignition is 2200-2400 DEG F.
Patent GB-996517-A (GB)
Title: Improvements in or relating to the production of pyrosulphuryl chloride
Inventor: STEWART JOHN DEWAR
IPC: C01B17/45
Filed: 1962-10-19
Abstract: Pyrosulphuryl chloride is prepared by reacting sulphur trioxide with sulphur monochloride in the presence of dry gaseous chlorine, and eliminating the sulphur dioxide formed as a by-product.  The sulphur monochloride and chlorine are introduced into liquid sulphur trioxide while the reaction temperature is maintained at not more than 30 DEG C.; the reaction mixture is then stirred at 20-30 DEG  C. for an hour and treated at 95 DEG  C. for 3 hours to drive off residual sulphur trioxide.
Patent GB-1019257-A (GB)
Title: Improvements in or relating to tedders
IPC: A01D78/02
Filed: 1962-10-30
Abstract: 1,019,257. Hay-tedders. C. VAN DER LELY N.V. Oct. 30, 1962 [Nov. 17, 1961], No. 39869/65. Divided out of 1,019,253. Heading A1F. The subject-matter of this Specification is included in Specification 1,019,252, but the claims differ.
Patent GB-399105-A (GB)
IPC: A63G23/00
Abstract: 399,105. Exercising-apparatus. ROUENVILLE, H., 15B, Worsaaesvej, Copenhagen. March 15, 1933, No. 7891. Convention date, Dec. 1, 1932. [Class 132 (i).] An athletic or gymnastic training apparatus comprises a platform or the like adapted to support one or more persons and firmly connected to or forming an integral part of a tipping body, the bottom surface of which is in the form of a spherical segment and which is weighted in such a manner that the apparatus with the persons contained therein or thereon will tend to occupy a definite position of equilibrium and to perform oscillations about the same when the apparatus has been brought out of the position in any direction. As shown, the apparatus comprises a spherical segment 1 with a centre of gravity 2 and attached to which is a container 3 fitted with a gate and stirrups 4. The roof 5 of the cage has one or more heavy plates 6. The bottom part of the apparatus has a resilient bufferring 8. Persons placed each in a separate apparatus may be provided with lances by means of which they try to overturn the apparatus of one another. The cage may be fitted with a back-rest, a shield, a ladder, handles, rods or seats shaped as boats or animals. The weighting of the tipping body may be combined with weight or spring-loaded cord systems, returning springs or gyroscopes.
Patent GB-943834-A (GB)
Title: Improvements in or relating to mattress supports
IPC: A61G7/057
Filed: 1962-10-23
Abstract: 943,834. Invalid beds. A. R. LORD. Oct. 23, 1962 [Oct. 26, 1961], No. 40146/62. Heading A4J. A mattress support which will relieve, in an alternating sequence, the pressure points of a person lying on the mattress comprises a frame 1, several slats 4, fixed on to each of limbs 3 of respective pairs of bell cranks 2 in parallel relationship, a pair of crank shafts 10, 11 rotatably mounted in the frame 1 and parallel to the slats 4, sets of connecting rods 6, 7 connected to the limbs 5 of the bell cranks 2 and to the crank shafts 10, 11 and actuating means on the frame 1 to rotate the crank shafts in timed sequence whereby alternate slats 4 are rotated in a group from mattress supporting position and are returned whilst the remaining slats are held in a group in mattress supporting position and vice versa. The shafts 10, 11 are rotated by cranks 12, 12a connected respectively to plungers 14, 14a extending from diaphragms in chambers 15, 16 to and from each of which, in turn, pressure fluid is fed and exhausted through the medium of separate solenoid controlled valves such as 20 Fig. 2. The solenoids are operated in turn by single acting switches 20a, 21a, Fig. 3 and a double acting switch 22 actuated respectively by pushes 25a, 25b carried on and moved with each of the shafts, the pushers 25b, 25a of shaft 11 operating switches 22, 20a in turn at opposite ends of its rotational movement to prepare and complete the solenoid circuit of shaft 10 and vice versa.
Patent GB-1017348-A (GB)
Title: Improvements in processes for the production of caprolactam
IPC: C07D201/10
Filed: 1962-10-23
Abstract: Caprolactam is prepared by nitrosation of cyclohexyl derivatives having one tertiary carbon atom in the cyclohexyl ring, including hexahydrobenzoic acid, the functional derivatives of said acid, cyclohexyl aryl ketones and dicyclohexyl ketone, in a process in which the cyclohexyl derivative is continuously fed into a reactor, subjected to vigorous stirring in said reactor, and is nitrosated by a one-step process, cyclohexane being continuously fed into said reactor and caused to boil there substantially at atmospheric pressure, whereby the temperature of the reaction is maintained near to the boiling temperature of cyclohexane at atmospheric pressure, cyclohexane being continuously withdrawn, whereby the conditions of pressure and temperature of the reaction are maintained constant.  In a preferred embodiment, the cyclohexane vaporizes in part and the vapour is continuously condensed and returned to the reactor.
Patent GB-1085699-A (GB)
Title: Improvements in the production of milk products by processes utilising bacterial cultures
IPC: A23C9/13
Filed: 1966-09-09
Abstract: In processes for the production of milk products in which at least one bacterial culture is added to sterilized milk whereby both an acidification and curdling of the milk are brought about, there is additionally added to the milk 0.1-0.5% by volume of yeast extract and 1-5% by volume of glucose may also be added. Powdered yeast extract and the glucose may be pre-dissolved in a little milk and the resulting solution stirred into the milk.  The yeast extract may consist of yeast cell fluid obtained by soaking pressed baker's yeast in twice its quantity of water, covering the soaked mass with a layer of high purity toluene about 10 mm. deep and holding the mass at 37 DEG C. to complete the autolysis of the cells.  After autolysis has taken place, the toluene is withdrawn under vacuum, the soaked mass is clarified by filtration and the filtrate is concentrated under vacuum, dried and pulverized. Examples disclose that the inclusion of the yeast extract substantially shortens the time for curdling of the milk and gives a finer coagulation. The following species are particularly mentioned: Lactobacillus acidophilus, L. bifidus, L. bulgaricus, L. curvatus and L. coryniformis. Reference is made also to Streptococcus cultures for cheese-making.ALSO:In processes for the production of milk products in which at least one bacterial culture is added to sterilized milk whereby both an acidification and curdling of the milk are brought about, there is additionally added to the milk 0.1-0.5% by volume of yeast extract and by 1-5% volume of glucose may also be added. Powdered yeast extract and the glucose may be pre-dissolved in a little milk and the resulting solution stirred into the milk.  The yeast extract may consist of yeast cell fluid obtained by soaking pressed baker's yeast in twice its quantity of water, covering the soaked mass with a layer of high purity toluene about 10 mm. deep and holding the mass at 37 DEG C. to complete the autolysis of the cells.  After autolysis has taken place, the toluene is withdrawn under vacuum, the soaked mass is clarified by filtration and the filtrate is concentrated under vacuum, dried and pulverized. Examples disclose that the inclusion of the yeast extract substantially shortens the time for curdling of the milk and gives a finer coagulation.  The following species are particularly mentioned: Lactobacillus acidophilus, L. bifidus, L. bulgaricus, L. curvatus and L. coryniformis.  Reference is made also to Streptococcus cultures for cheese-making.
Patent GB-993346-A (GB)
Title: Improvements in or relating to a high reduction dial assembly
IPC: F16H1/16
Filed: 1963-10-11
Abstract: 993,346. Toothed gearing; shaft couplings. E. RICE, and S. HANDELMAN. Oct. 11, 1963, No. 40307/63. Headings F2Q and F2U. A worm 52 is of relatively hard material, such as stainless steel, and a wheel 54 is of plastics material, such as nylon, tetrafluorethylene or polytrifluorochloroethylene, the teeth on the wheel 54 having been formed by bringing the worm and wheel into their relative operating positions and rotating the worm. The wheel 54 is connected to a shaft 34 by means of a friction clutch comprising a hub 56, press-fitted on the shaft 34, a Belleville spring 58 and an adjustable member 60, by means of which the slippage torque may be adjusted. In a dial assembly, such as that used to control the shaft angle of a synchro, coarse adjustment may be effected by rotation of a knob 20 secured to the shaft 34, during which clutch slippage occurs, and fine adjustment may be effected by rotation of a knob 22 on a shaft 70 carrying the worm 52. In a modification, a wheel 90 is supported by roller assemblies 96, 98, Figs. 4 and 6. A shaft may be coupled to the dial assembly by means of a collet 112 having a bevelled flange 116 at one end and a screw 120, rotation of which causes axial movement of the collet 112 to effect gripping or release of the shaft.
Patent GB-1475299-A (GB)
Title: Welding
IPC: B23K31/02
Filed: 1974-09-13
Abstract: 1475299 Hard facing alloy BRITISH STEEL CORP 13 Sept 1974 [17 Sept 1973] 41056/76 Divided out of 1475298 Heading C7A [Also in Division B3] A work-hardening austenitic stainless steel hard facing, for a rolling mill work or back-up roll, is deposited on an iron or steel arbor by consumable electrode submerged arc welding and comprises, in wt. per cent,  up to 0À08 C up to 0À5 Si 5À0 - 7À0 Mn 7À0 - 9À0 Ni 16À0 - 18À5 Cr, the balance being Fe and impurities, and the C/Mn/ Ni/Cr ratios being chosen to achieve a microstructure having not greater than 10% delta-ferrite in its interdentritic regions. The impurities may comprise up to 0À04%S and up to 0À04%P. As particularly described, the hard facing is helically deposited by a welding head moved axially of and above a rotated arbor. The arbor is subjected to pre- and interpass heating, and the hard facing to post-weld heat treatment.
Patent GB-1423329-A (GB)
Title: Mechanism for securing a nut against loosening
IPC: F16B39/10
Filed: 1974-09-24
Abstract: 1423329 Locking nuts HI-SHEAR CORP and G S WING 24 Sept 1974 [24 Sept 1973] 41528/74 Heading F2H A look nut assembly 13 for a threaded spindle 10 comprises a washer 15 having an internal key 17 to engage a keyway 18 in the spindle, and an annular recess 22 in one end face, the recess having a base 23 bounded by frusto-conical convergent side walls 24, 25, and separating a peripheral portion 20 of the washer from a hub 21 with external splines 28, a ring 29 at least partly housed in the recess 22 and having internal splines 35 which match and engage the hub splines 28, a snap ring 39 in the recess 22 under the ring 29, and a nut 45 abutting the washer 15 and having a boss with external splines 49 which match and are engageable by the splines 35 of the ring 29, the snap ring 39 in its unstrained state lying at the outer end of the recess side wall 24 to axially locate the ring 29 with its splines 35 engaging the nut splines 49 to lock the nut to the spindle. To release the nut, the ring 29 is pushed into the recess 22, e.g. by the end of a socket wrench, forcing the snap ring 39 to the base of the recess so that its diameter is resiliently increased. On removal of the wrench, the snap ring contracts to force the ring 29 axially into splined engagement with the nut again. A retaining spring 51 extending through a channel (54) (Fig. 6, not shown) in the washer key 17 has turned back ends 52, 55 to hold the lock nut assembly together. The lip of the washer peripheral portion 20 is swaged inwardly at 44 to retain the ring 29 in the recess 22. The outer end face 38 of the ring 29 has equispaced marks 63, which may be numbered, aligned with respective splines 35. A mark 64 on the nut 45 is positioned against one of the marks 63, this facilitating accurate repositioning of the nut after removal from the spindle. As shown, the lock nut assembly 13 is used to retain a roller bearing 11 in the hub 12 of a vehicle road wheel.
Patent GB-1015288-A (GB)
Title: Glass contacting refractories
IPC: C04B33/13
Filed: 1962-11-05
Abstract: Refractories for use in a furnace to improve cord and seed conditions in finished articles made from molten glass from the furnace are obtained by mixing at least one material forming cords with a higher refractive index than the glass when attacked by the glass with at least one material forming cords with a lower refractive index than the glass and proportioning them to give a mixture forming cords with a refractive index matching that of the glass. Specified materials are silica, pot clay, diaspore clay, alumina, zirconia, titania and tin oxide.  A vanadium compound can be added as a spreading agent and formulae are given to determine the proportions of components in ternary mixtures.  Numerous examples are given, particularly for plate glass and window glass.
Patent GB-417631-A (GB)
Abstract: 417,631. Fluid-actuated valves. SOC. ITALIANA PIRELLI, 21, Via Fabio Filzi, Milan, Italy. Dec. 2, 1933, No. 33940. Convention date, Dec. 3, 1932. [Class 135.] In an oil-filled cable system employing both feeding reservoirs and pressure reservoirs, the connection of the feeding reservoir with the cable is effected through a regulating device which allows oil to flow from the feeding reservoir into the cable and pressure reservoirs when there is a slight pressure difference between the oil in the feeding reservoir and the oil in the cable, the device only allowing flow of oil in the opposite direction when a relatively high pressure difference exists between the cable and the feeding reservoirs. The regulating device may comprise a casing 6 divided into compartments 7-9 by partitions 10, 12, the partition 10 being in the form of a flexible diaphragm, whilst a spring-loaded valve 13 is provided in the partition 12. The compartments 7, 9 are connected together by a pipe 15 to which joins a pipe 16 communicating with a feeding reservoir. When the pressure in the feeding reservoir slightly exceeds that in the cable, which is connected to the compartment 8, the diaphragm 10 flexes towards the partition 12, opens the valve 13 and allows oil to flow into the cable. The pressure in the compartment 8 exceeds the pressure in the feeding reservoir by a predetermined amount-determined by the area of the valve opening and loading of the spring 14, the valve opens and allows oil to return to the feeding reservoir. A stop 11 is provided to prevent bulging of the diaphragm.
Patent GB-1499330-A (GB)
Title: Acoustic surface wave filters
IPC: H03H9/145
Filed: 1974-09-26
Abstract: 1499330 Surface wave filters PLESSEY CO Ltd 19 Sept 1975 [26 Sept 1974] 41876/74 Heading H3U A surface wave filter comprises interdigital transducers 1, 2 coupled by a multistrip coupler 4, transducer 1 having non-uniform finger spacing, non-uniform finger overlap, bifurcated fingers, e.g. 5, 6, and dummy fingers, e.g. 13, 14. The two parts of the bifurcated fingers may be interconnected by bridges 7, at the ends of the fingers or at intermediate positions therealong. Some fingers, e.g. 11, 12 connected to pad 8b, may overlap on one side only with a finger attached to the other pad 8a. Unwanted surface wave reflections may be absorbed by a material (not shown) for example epoxy resin, paint or rubberized adhesive. The filter shown may be used as the I.F. filter in a P.A.L. system T.V. receiver. Other embodiments disclosed are suitable for other T.V. systems. Reference has been directed by the Comptroller to Specification 1,372,235 and 1,360,235.
Patent GB-1507550-A (GB)
Title: Internal shoe drum brakes
IPC: F16D65/52
Filed: 1975-10-13
Abstract: 1507550 Adjusting drum brakes for wear GIRLING Ltd 21 Sept 1976 [13 Oct 1975 10 Nov 1975] 41879/75 and 46422/75 Heading F2E In an automatically adjustable drum brake, thermally responsive means are interposed between one shoe and a shoe movement sensing element and is operative to increase the shoe movement required to effect adjustment as the brake heats up. As shown in Figs. 1 and 2, shoe movement is sensed by a bell-crank lever 15 whose teeth 16 are urged into engagement with pinion 7A by spring 10. An arm 17 of the lever projects with clearance into a slot in shoe 1 and a wedge 31 on the end of a bimetallic strip 30 projects into the slot to a greater or lesser extent depending on brake temperature so that the shoe movement necessary to take up the clearance, and hence effect adjustment, is greater at higher temperatures. The wedge may be stepped so as to have incremental rather than progressive effect and the strip may be pivotable under the action of thermally responsive washers to remove the wedge completely from the opening at a predetermined temperature; this may be effected with a snap action (Figs. 10-14, not shown). In Fig. 4, the bimetallic element 32 constitutes a spring acting on arm 17 in opposition to spring 10. In normal operation the strip 32 is deflected in the initial stages of shoe movement until it is sufficiently stressed to overcome spring 10 and rotate the lever. As the brake heats spring 32 moves away from arm 17 increasing the shoe movement required for adjustment. In Fig. 6, the strip is replaced by an arched plate 33 of invar metal anchored at each end 34 to the shoe and with initial clearance between it and arm 17. This clearance increases due to differential expansion of shoe and plate. The arrangement is also load-sensitive in that the plate tends to straighten due to brake actuator force straining the shoe. Alternatively (Figs. 8 and 9, not shown) an invar strut may determine the angular position of a lever which is pivoted to the shoe and has its end adjacent the arm 17. Specifications 1,405,094 and 1,410,514 are referred to.