Patent GB-353033-A (GB)
Title: A process for improving animal fibres
IPC: D06M13/256
Filed: 1930-01-20
Abstract: Fabrics, fibres, or skeins of animal hair or wool are loaded all over or in patterns with an aqueous solution of an organic non-dyeing halogenated compound having a molecular weight of at least 200 and having affinity for the animal fibres.  Dyestuffs may be applied in the same bath with the loading which is but little affected by water or soap solutions.  The halogenated compounds preferably contain acid radicles and may be derived from open chain or cyclic aliphatic, aromatic, or aliphatic-aromatic hydrocarbons, or their derivatives which contain hydroxy, amino, alkoxy, carbonyl, and like groups. Examples are given of treatment of woollen fibres, yarns, or fabrics with baths containing 2 : 3 : 6-trichloraniline sulphonic acid and sulphuric acid; trichloraniline sulphonic acid benzoylated in the amino group; 21 : 41-dichlor-benzoyl-K-acid and sulphuric acid; trichlor naphthalene sulphonic acid and sulphuric acid; the condensation product of 2 : 4-dichlorphenol and benzaldehyde-ortho-sulphonic acid and Glauber's salt, acetic and sulphuric acids.  The last-named condensation product may be used together with Cyananthrol R and acetic acid for dyeing a level shade with simultaneous weighting.  In a further example, wool is dyed in a bath containing Cyananthrol R, Sorbin Red BBG, Azoflavin RS, calcined Glauber's salt, and acetic acid.  The bath is then raised to the boiling-point, sulphuric acid is added, and after further boiling, there is added a condensation product obtained by condensing molecular proportions of phenol and orthochlorbenzyl chloride in the presence of concentrated sulphuric acid.  The condensation product just referred to may be formed into a printing paste with British gum, oxalic acid, and water and applied over the whole surface or to parts of chlorinated woollen material.  In further examples, wool is loaded in baths containing tetrachlorphthalic acid to which sulphuric acid may be added, or to which Sulphocyanin black BB may be added when simultaneous dyeing is desired; and in a bath containing tetrabromophthalic acid and formic acid.  Woollen cloth is improved as regards weight and touch and uniform shades are produced by treating with Anthraquinone green, tetrachlorphthalic sodium salt and formic acid.  In another example, woollen piece-goods are treated with boiling solutions of a sodium salt of a chlorinated stearic acid containing about 50 per cent chlorine while adding ammonium stearate. Other highly chlorinated acids of fats, oils, and their synthetic equivalents, as chlorinated acids of train oil, oleic acid, acids of soya bean oils, castor oil, and like chlorinated acids of high molecular weight, or chlorinated paraffin waxes may be employed.  The acids or waxes may be previously subjected to sulphonation, for example, paraffin wax chlorinated till it contains 40-55 per cent chlorine may be treated with alkaline-earth metal hydroxide, the unsaturated product being sulphonated until a water-soluble compound containing chlorine is produced.  The Provisional Specification describes also the use of inorganic compounds of high molecular weight and containing acid groups.  Specifications 289,898, 322,737, [both in Class 15 (ii), Dyeing, Processes &c. for], 324,962, [Class 2 (iii), Dyes &c.], 337,832, and 338,126, [both in Class 15 (ii), Dyeing, Processes &c. for], are referred to.