Patent GB-810647-A (GB)
Title: Polymeric products for use as a lubricating oil additive
IPC: C08F8/40
Filed: 1957-06-21
Abstract: Polymeric products suitable for use as lubricating oil additives are obtained by reacting a polymer or copolymer of an ester of an a ,b -unsaturated carboxylic acid and an unsaturated aliphatic alcohol with a phosphorus sulphide and then reacting the product thus obtained with an alkylene oxide or polyalkylene glycol.  The unsaturated acid has the general formula RR1C = CR11COOH, where R, R1 and R11 represent hydrogen, halogen, alkyl, aryl, aryl, thiol or hydroxyl, while R or R1 may also be carboxyl groups.  Suitable esters are esters of maleic or fumaric acids, e.g. oleyl fumarate.  The esters may be copolymerized with esters of maleic or fumaric acids and saturated alcohols, particularly the esters of oxo alcohols; with esters of unsaturated alcohols, e.g. vinyl esters; with esters of alcohols containing no ether groups, e.g. methacrylates of C3-C20 alcohols; with ethylenic hydrocarbons, e.g. styrene; or with unsaturated nitriles, e.g. acrylonitrile.  Any phosphorus sulphide may be used or a mixture of phosphorus and elementary sulphur, one mol. of phosphorus sulphide being used per 1-10 mols. of polymer.  In an example, oleyl fumarate is copolymerized with vinyl acetate, the copolymer is treated with P2S5 and the product is condensed with ethylene oxide. The lubricating oils, to which the polymeric products may be added, are animal, vegetable, mineral or synthetic oils, 0.1-5 per cent of the polymeric product being added to give detergent properties, and 0.5-10 per cent to give extreme pressure properties.ALSO:Polymeric products suitable for use as lubricating oil additives are obtained by reacting a polymer or copolymer of an ester of an a ,b -unsaturated carboxylic acid and an unsaturated aliphatic alcohol with phosphorus sulphide and then reacting the product thus obtained with an alkylene oxide.  The unsaturated acid has the general formula RR1C=CR11COOH, where R, R1 and R11 represent hydrogen, halogen, alkyl, aryl, thio or hydroxyl groups, while R or R1 may also be carboxyl groups, e.g. esters of maleic or fumaric acids, e.g. oleyl fumarate.  The esters may be copolymerized with esters of maleic and fumaric acids and saturated alcohols, particularly oxo alcohols; esters of unsaturated alcohols, e.g. vinyl esters; esters of alcohols containing no ether function, e.g. methacrylates of C3-C20 alcohols; ethylenic hydrocarbons, e.g. styrene; unsaturated nitriles, e.g. acrylonitrile.  The polymerization may be effected by heat, under pressure and in presence of catalysts, e.g. peroxides, boron fluoride and in presence of solvents, e.g. petrol, lubricating oil, chloroform.  Any phosphorus sulphide may be used or a mixture of phosphorus and elementary sulphur; one mol. phosphorus sulphide being used per 1-10 mols. polymer.  A polyalkylene glycol may be used alternatively to the alkylene oxide.  In the examples fumaric acid is esterified with oleyl alcohol in presence of p-toluene sulphonic acid, the oleyl fumarate was copolymerized with vinyl acetate in presence of benzoyl peroxide by heating for 2 hours at 80 DEG  C. and then for 6 hours at 100 DEG  C., 84-86 parts fumarate being used per 16-14 parts acetate. The copolymer dissolved in a white oil was treated with 10 per cent P2S5 at 120 DEG  C. for 3 hours and the product was condensed with ethylene oxide in presence of boron fluoride complex until the product contained 6 per cent ethylene oxide.