Patent GB-841527-A (GB)
Title: Polymerisation process
Inventor: RAUM ALARIC LOUIS JEFFREY
IPC: C08F10/00
Filed: 1956-02-04
Abstract: a -olefins such as ethylene and propylene are polymerized with a catalyst system formed by reacting a titanium, zirconium or vanadium halide with an organo-compound of a Group 1, 2 or 3 metal or of tin or lead, said compound containing at least two metal atoms bonded to different carbon atoms which are joined, directly or by intermediate atoms, by covalent links.  The halides used are preferably the tetra-and tri-chlorides and the other catalyst component may be a compound of lithium, sodium, magnesium, zinc, cadmium or aluminium, and specified are pentamethylene di-lithium, phenylene di-lithium, phenylene di-sodium, aluminium compounds of formula R2-Al-(CH2)n-Al-R2 wherein n is an integer and the R groups are alkyl and/or halogen, and, in the Provisional Specification, benzene disodium and 1,5-bis (diethylalumino) pentane.  An inert medium is preferably used in the preparation of the catalyst and in the polymerization, and oxygen, water and carbon dioxide are preferably excluded.  Media listed are pentane, hexane, cyclohexane, tetrahydro-napthalene, decahydronaphthalene, paraffins, petroleum ether, benzene, xylene, dichlorbenzene, chlorinated naphthalene and mixtures thereof, and the olefin if gaseous may be bubbled therethrough.  Catalyst may be formed in situ and the polymerization may be batchwise or continuous.  After polymerization the catalyst may be destroyed and the product purified with ethanolic hydrochloric acid followed by ethanol.  The products are linear and may be formed into films. In the Provisional Specification any Group IVA, VA, or VIA metal compound such as chlorides, bromides, oxychlorides, complex fluorides, oxides, hydroxides, alcoholates, benzoates and acetoacetates, may be used as a catalyst component. Specifications 795,882, 799,392, 799,823, 800,873, 801,031, 813,905, 827,463, 827,464, 829,098, Belgian 538,782 and French 1,139,806 are referred to.ALSO:Catalysts used in polymerizing a -olefins are obtained by reacting a titanium, zirconium or vanadium halide with an organo-compound of a Group I, II or III metal (e.g. Li, Na, Mg, Zn, Cd and Al), or of tin or lead, said compound containing at least two metal atoms bonded to different carbon atoms which are joined, directly or by intermediate atoms, by covalent links.  The halides used are preferably the tetra- and tri-chlorides and the other catalyst component may be pentamethylene di-lithium, phenylene di-lithium, phenylene di-sodium, aluminium compounds R2-Al-(CH2)n-Al-R2, wherein R is alkyl and/or halogen; benzene-1 : 4-di-sodium and 1 : 5-bis-(diethylalumino) pentane are specified in the Provisional Specification.  An inert medium is preferably used in the preparation of the catalyst.  In the Provisional Specification the compound of the Group IVa, V ora VIa metal (including specifically Cr and Mo) may be a chlorine bromide, oxychloride, complex fluoride, oxide, hydroxide, alcoholate, benzoate or acetoacetate.  Specifications 795,882, 799,392, 799,823, 800,873, 801,031, 813,905, 827,463, 827,464, 829,098; Belgian Specification 538,782 and French Specification 1,139,806 are referred to.