Patent GB-643386-A (GB)
Title: Improvements in or relating to the production of figured effects on textile fabrics
IPC: D06Q1/02
Filed: 1947-12-24
Abstract: Figured effects are obtained on textile fabrics by treating with a swelling agent a textile fabric containing fibrous components capable of swelling under the action of this agent and fibrous components consisting of synthetic superpolymers resistant to this agent, the super-polymer fibres being incorporated in the form of a pattern. The synthetic polymer fibres may be polyamide fibres or polyvinyl or polyacrylic fibres.  The fibres which are subjected to swelling may be of regenerated cellulose.  The polymer fibres may be present as continuous filaments or as staple fibres.  They may be present as pile fibres in a pile fabric.  The treatment may be a mercerizing treatment with alkali with or without tension.  It may be a shrinking treatment or a parchmentizing treatment, e.g. with acid.  The swelling treatment may be applied uniformly or in local areas to the fabric. Swelling agents specified are caustic soda, sulphuric acid, hydrochloric acid, nitric acid, calcium chloride, calcium thiocyanate, zinc chloride, ammoniacal copper oxide solutions, and carbon disulphide in presence of alkali.  Figured or crepe-like effects may be produced.  In an example, viscose rayon fabric containing nylon figure threads is subjected to treatment with sulphuric acid of 41-49 DEG  B<\>ae. or with caustic soda of mercerizing strength whereby the rayon is swollen, shrunk and stiffened, and the unaffected nylon threads impart the desired figured effect.ALSO:Figured effects are obtained on textile fabrics by treating with a swelling agent a fabric containing fibrous components capable of swelling under the action of this agent, and fibrous components consisting of synthetic superpolymers resistant to this agent, the superpolymer fibres being incorporated in the form of a pattern.  The synthetic polymer fibres may be polyamide fibres or polyvinyl or polyacrylic fibres.  The fibres with which they are associated in the fabrics may be of cotton, regnerated cellulose, wool, or silk.  The polymer fibres may be present in the fabric in the form of continuous filaments or short fibres. They may be present as pile fibres in a pile fabric.  The treatment may be a mercerizing treatment with alkali with or without tension.  It may be a shrinking treatment or a parchmentizing treatment, e.g. with acid.  The swelling agent may be applied uniformly or in local areas to the fabric.  Local treatment may be effected with the aid of resists. The treatment may be carried out together with selective or locally applied dyeing.  Swelling agents specified are caustic soda, sulphuric acid, hydrochloric acid, nitric acid, calcium chloride, calcium thiocyanate, zinc chloride, ammoniacal copper oxide solutions, and carbon disulphide in presence of alkali.  Figured crepe-like effects may be obtained.  In examples: (1) a raw cotton fabric containing nylon yarns woven in a pattern is bleached and then shrunk by treatment with caustic soda of 32 DEG  B<\>ae.  A crepe design is produced by the nylon threads upon the shrunk ground fabric.  The fabric may be dyed with selective dyes to obtain different colour or colour tone effects; (2) a similar cotton and nylon fabric is mercerized under tension and then treated with sulphuric acid of 51 DEG  B<\>ae., and, if desired, again mercerized. A transparent fabric with non-transparent effects provided by the nylon yarn is obtained; (3) a viscose rayon fabric containing nylon figure threads is subjected to treatment with sulphuric acid of 41-49 DEG  B<\>ae., or with caustic soda of mercerizing strength whereby the rayon is swollen, shrunk, and stiffened, and the un-affected nylon threads impart the desired figured effect.