baber/WOPTO huggingface dataset:
Patent GB-303825-A (GB)
Title: Means for charging storage batteries
IPC: H02J7/22
Filed: 1928-07-10
Abstract: 303,825. Eclairage des Vehicules sur Rail. Jan. 10, 1928, [Convention date]. Charging batteries; regulation, automatic. -In charging accumulators, particularly alkaline accumulators in vehicle lighting systems, the dynamo voltage is regulated by a vibratory or other electromagnetic regulator with two windings, the first connected across the dynamo terminals and the second opposing or assisting the first according as the charging current is below or above a predetermined value. A vibratory regulator 10, Fig. 1, controlling a resistance 3 in the field circuit of the dynamo 1 has a main voltage coil 13 in series with a resistance 15 across the dynamo terminals and an auxiliary coil 14 connected as shown to a 'Wheatstone bridge 6 - - 9 in the charging circuit. One at least of the resistances 6 - - 9 differs in temperature coefficient of resistance from the other so that the coil 14 opposes or assists the coil 13 according as the charging current is below or above a certain value. The dynamo is regulated according to Fig. 2, in which the ordinates of the curves a, b show the dynamo voltage and the voltage across the battery and the abscissae show the charging current. Rapid charging at substantially constant current is produced, the current having a small peak at the start of the charging and falling to a low value at the end. Diametrically opposed resistances of the bridge may be of iron, nickel or other material of high temperature coefficient, the other resistances being of low or negative temperature coefficient, for example, of carbon. The resistances 6 - - 9 may be shorted during battery discharges. The Specification as open to inspection under Sect. 91 (3) (a) comprises also an arrangement in which the parts 6 - - 9, 14 are omitted and the voltage across the battery controlled by a resistance in the charging circuit, a current relay inserting the resistance at high charging currents and shorting it at low currents. The resistance may be of high coefficient. This subject-matter does not appear in the Specification as accepted.
Patent GB-1098976-A (GB)
Title: Improvements in or relating to electric oscillator circuits
Inventor: COLLIER FRANK ALAN
IPC: H03B5/36
Filed: 1965-05-12
Abstract: 1,098,976. Crystal oscillator circuits. GENERAL ELECTRIC CO. May 12, 1966 [May 12, 1965], No. 20136/65. Heading H3T. An oscillator circuit including means for temperature-stabilizing the frequency of operation, comprises a frequency determining network including a piezo-electric crystal 6 and variable reactance means 8, 9, means 12 for producing a signal voltage dependent upon the ambient temperature, and means 14, 15 to derive from the signal voltage a non-linear control voltage which is applied to the variable reactance means 8, 9 to control the reactance thereof and hence stabilize the frequency against variations in the crystal with temperature. The signal voltage is produced by means 12 including a thermistor 13 and a temperature dependent resistor 30 of, for example, nickel. The temperature coefficients of elements 13, 30 are of opposite sign. It is arranged that the longtail-pair amplifier 14, 15 receives equal inputs, from 12 and 19, at one particular reference temperature, the varactor diodes 8, 9 receiving a small reverse bias. A departure from that temperature in either direction causes the signal voltage to either fall or rise and hence the current through either transistor 14 or 15 to fall, an increased reverse bias being applied through diode 21 or 22 to the varactors 8, 9. A sufficiently large departure from the reference temperature causes one or other of diodes 35, 36 to become reverse-biased, thus altering the collector load of the corresponding transistor. The bias applied to varactors 8, 9 is therefore a parabolic function of temperature and the capacitance of the varactors, so varied, compensate for the parabolic variation of frequency with temperature of crystal 6. Reference has been directed by the Comptroller to Specification 1,020,080.
Patent GB-1420155-A (GB)
Title: Etching silicon nitride patterns
IPC: C04B41/91
Filed: 1973-04-27
Abstract: 1420155 Semi-conductor devices PHILIPS ELECTRONIC & ASSOCIATED INDUSTRIES Ltd 27 April 1973 20171/73 Heading H1K [Also in Division B6] A semi-conductor device is produced by providing a layer of silicon nitride on a substrate containing a semi-conductive III-V compound, or a substrate of gallium aluminium arsenide or gallium phosphide, and locally etching away the silicon nitride through a developed photo-resist with an etchant comprising hydrofluoric acid, phosphoric acid and ammonium fluoride.
Patent GB-836333-A (GB)
Title: Polypropylene catalyst
IPC: C08F4/64
Filed: 1958-06-24
Abstract: A polymerization catalyst comprises an at least partially reduced crystalline compound of a Group IVa, Va, VIa or VIII metal activated with an organometallic halide of a Group II or III metal which halide contains below 3 weight per cent of impurities.  In examples, a TiCl3-Et2AlCl combination is used; reducible metal compounds mentioned are halides oxyhalides, complex halides, oxides, hydroxides, alcoholates, acetates, benzoates and acetylacetonates of e.g. TiZr, Hf, Th, U, V, Nb, Ta, Cr, Mo, W and Fe, particularly preferred being TiCl4, TiBr4, ZrCl4, ZrBr4 and Zr acetylacetonates. The organometallic halide is preferably a dialkyl aluminium halide; besides Et2AlCl, the following organometallic halides are specified: Et2AlBr, EtZnCl (or Br), PrMgCl (or Br), Pr2AlCl, PrZnBr, Me2AlCl, MeZnCl.  The catalyst may be modified by incorporation of one or more Group II or III metal compounds (e.g. salts), AlCl3, AlBr3, MgCl2 and ZnBr2\t being specified, although other Group II or III metals mentioned in this connection are Ga, Be, Cd and B.  The preferred TiCl3 component may be prepared by reduction of TiCl4 in one of the following ways: (a) using hydrogen and electrical discharge, the brown amorphous solid being then converted to the violet crystalline form by heating at about 200 DEG  C.; (b) using 0.5-2 mols. Ti per 3 mols. TiCl4 at 400-500 DEG  C. and optionally 10-50 atmos. pressure, the crystalline product (after reaction for 10-500 hours, cooling and fitration) being washed with, e.g. n-heptane; (c) using Ti or Al as reducing agent, promoted with AlCl3; (d) using a dialkyl aluminium halide, specifically Et2AlCl, at 70-100 DEG  C. with, e.g. n-heptane, the brown product being heated at 100 DEG  C. or even up to 300 DEG C. (optionally in presence of an inert diluent) until the violet crystalline form is obtained.ALSO:Diethyl aluminium chloride is prepared by reaction of sodium amalgam with ethyl aluminium sesquichloride.ALSO:Propylene is polymerized at or below 90 DEG  C. (e.g. 80-85 DEG  C.) using a catalyst comprising an at least partially reduced crystalline compound of a Group IVa, Va, VIa or VIII metal activated with a Group II or III organometallic halide (which halide contains below 3 wt. per cent of impurities) until a polymer of melting-point at least 190 DEG  C. is obtained.  Various catalyst ingredients are listed, but the combination TiCl3-alkyl2AlCl (particularly Et2AlCl) is preferred.  The catalyst may incorporate a Group II or III compound such as AlCl3.  It is preferred to effect polymerization at 10-100 atm. and using an inert liquid diluent such as n-heptane.  The product, which is purified using e.g. isopropanol and/or acetylacetone, is characterized by a molecular weight in the range 200,000-1,500,000, e.g. 1,100,000 and 580,000 (in examples), and a softening-point above 165 DEG  C.  Uses mentioned are: fabrics, containers for substances to be sterilized at high temperatures, milk bottles.
Patent GB-822986-A (GB)
Title: Process for the grain-ripening of inorganic pigments
IPC: C09C3/04
Filed: 1957-06-26
Abstract: Inorganic pigments are subjected to a grain-ripening process comprising a heat treatment while suspended in a quantity of a melt greater than the quantity of pigment, the melt comprising one or more alkali metal or alkaline earth metal halides, or caustic alkalies.  A small quantity of another salt may be added to a melt in order to lower the melting-point.  Three to four parts by weight of melt may be used per part of pigment.  Examples are given of treating cadmium sulpho-selenide, lithopone and titanium dioxide by heating in melts of: (1) lithium and potassium chlorides, (2) caustic soda and common salt, and (5) sodium and calcium chlorides.  The melt may then be centrifuged, filtered, or dissolved in water to recover the pigment. Continuous and batch processes are described.
Patent GB-202137-A (GB)
Abstract: 202,137. Oswald, E. July 12, 1922. Indexing.-In a tabular appliance for enabling lapsed days or other information to be obtained by co-ordination of vertical and horizontal columns of arrangements, flaps are employed for normally masking the results and enabling the required result only to be exposed. As shown for determining the number of days between identical dates in any two months, the device consists of a base marked with the various numbers which are normally covered by flaps b bearing the names of the months arranged as shown. The undersides of the flaps are printed with the horizontally-aligned name of the month in a diagonal series shown in block letters. Thus to determine the days from February to November, the flap selected by horizontal and vertical co-ordination is raised to expose the number which is then situated between the words " February " and " November," thus affording a check upon the co-ordination. Certain of the flaps may be coloured or otherwise differentiated to denote quarter or half year periods, the excess of days over 60, &c. In another application of the invention, the tabulated quantities consist of factors for converting measurements of timber from one base to another.
Patent GB-1083692-A (GB)
Title: Heat shield arrangements for reprographic apparatus
Inventor: LAWES LOUIS FREDERICK WILLIAM
IPC: G03G15/20
Filed: 1965-05-13
Abstract: 1,083,692. Electro-photographic apparatus. ARLSIDE Ltd. May 12, 1966 [May 13, 1965], No.20247/65. Heading G2H. The heaters 41 of an electro-photographic apparatus are mounted on a reflector 40 having, in spaced relation therefrom, a heat conducting backing shield 45 on the opposite side of the reflector to the heaters. The backing shield is provided with a heat insulating layer 46. Similarly, the light source 1 is provided with a reflector and a spaced backing shield having a heat insulating layer. An original to be copied is inserted through an aperture 12 of the apparatus and fed by a band 14 round a roller 16 and out of the apparatus through slot 21. As the original is advanced by the band it trips microswitches MS1-MS5 in turn. The leading end of the original closes the switch MS1 which results in the light source 1 coming on until the trailing end of the original allows the switch MS2 to re-open. An optical system images the illuminated part of the original on to a lightsensitive, electro-statically charged rotating drum. As the leading end trips the microswitch MS3, developer from a unit (not shown) is caused to cascade over the drum surface until the switch MS2 is re-opened. Tripping of switches MS3, MS4 by the leading end results in a sheet of copy paper being fed from a stack (not shown) into engagement with copy-paper transport means which transports the sheet to the drum for transfer of the developed image on to the copy paper. The copy paper is stripped from the drum and fed by rollers 33, 34 to a heater unit 35 where the image is fixed. The paper is then fed out of a slot 51 of the apparatus. A fan 27 is provided to cool the light source 1 and the heater unit 35 when required.
Patent GB-1317144-A (GB)
Title: Method and apparatus for high-temperature treatment of petroleum coke
IPC: H05B3/60
Filed: 1971-04-19
Abstract: 1317144 Graphitizing coke SUPERIOR GRAPHITE CO 19 April 1971 [24 Feb 1970] 20387/71 Heading ClA [Also in Division H5] Calcined petroleum coke is graphitized by direct electrical resistance heating to at least 1700‹ C. and is then cooled, the coke being continuously agitated during both heating and cooling to prevent hot spots, channelling and blockages and to achieve uniform heating and cooling. Electrodes 24 depend into the coke in the heating zone 12 of a furnace 10, and an agitator 26 has blades 34 and apertures 36 between zone 12 and the tempering and cooling zone 13. An inert gas such as nitrogen and a halogen-bearing gas such as chlorine may be passed via a channel 44 in a cylinder 42 within the agitator 26 into contact with the coke in zone 12. Zone 13 has a cooling jacket 50 and cylinder 42 may also or alternatively be cooled. Material exits to appropriate conveying means such as an auger, belttype conveyer or vibrator 55. Single phase and three phase arrangements are described for electrodes 24. The agitator 26 may be an electrode also.
Patent GB-275027-A (GB)
Title: Improvements in the manufacture of terry fabrics
IPC: D03D27/08
Filed: 1926-08-19
Abstract: 275,027. Barlow, T. D., and Whittle, J. Aug. 19, 1926. Pile fabrics; corded fabrics.- A terry fabric with cord headings is woven in a single shuttle box loom, the cords being produced by inserting into each shed several picks of the unbleached weft from the shuttle used for the body of the fabric. Thus, as shown, picks 4, 5, 6 are inserted in one shed, picks 7, 8, 9 in another and so on, plain or binding picks 1, 2, 3 being used between the cords, and the take-up wheel being arrested to cram the picks into the sheds forming the cords. Ground warps G<1>, G<2>, G' and pile warps P<1>, P<2> are used. The cords are formed on both the face and back of the cloth, and may be face to face as shown in Figs. 5 and 6 or otherwise as shown in Fig. 1. By using coloured warps and a bleached weft, coloured fabrics with white cord headings are produced. The loom has the usual dobby and terry motion controlled thereby. The manner in which the warps are drawn into the healds is described. The draw. ings only show the headings and plain portion woven by picks 1 to 21. In addition, the fabric comprises terry portions woven by other picks in the usual manner.
Patent GB-483987-A (GB)
Title: Improvements in the production of synthetic resins and the manufacture of films or sheets therefrom
IPC: C08F8/28
Filed: 1936-07-23
Abstract: Polyvinyl acetal resins are prepared by reacting a polyvinyl ester at a temperature not above 50 DEG  C. with one or more aliphatic aldehydes boiling below 100 DEG  C. (other than formaldehyde) in the presence of a de-esterifying agent and of a strong acid catalyst in a quantity from 1-5 per cent of the reactants and not more than 10 per cent of the polyvinyl ester.  The aldehydes may be used in monomeric or polymeric form, or there may be used substances which yield them, e.g. paraldehyde or acetaldehyde diethylacetal.  In modifications, if the aldehyde present be in 50-200 per cent excess, or if the reactants be dispersed in a medium consisting substantially entirely of one or more alcohols, the quantity of catalyst may be increased up to 20 per cent of the polyvinyl ester; or the reaction is carried out with the addition of formaldehyde, aliphatic aldehydes boiling above 100 DEG  C., cyclic aldehydes, cyclic ketones (e.g. cyclohexanone), or mixtures thereof, in such quantity that the acetal portion of the product contains not more than 25 per cent (mols.) of acetal derived therefrom, the catalyst in this case also being present up to 20 per cent of the polyvinyl ester.  The reaction is preferably carried out with polyvinyl acetate, and at 35-40 DEG  C.  Starting materials specified are: aliphatic aldehydes boiling below 100 DEG C.-acetaldehyde, propionaldehyde, butyraldehyde; de-esterifying agents-methyl, ethyl, propyl and iso-propyl alcohols or ethylene glycol, with or without additional solvents such as methyl or ethyl acetate, dibutyl ether, heptane, ethylene dichloride, benzene, nitroethane; catalysts-sulphuric, alkyl sulphuric and sulphonic, trichloracetic, hydrochloric acids.  The resins may be made into photographic-film bases by pressing into blocks and skiving or by coating a solution (e.g. in acetone, ethyl, alcohol, ethylene dichloride, or mixtures thereof) on to a glass or metal plate or a revolving drum, stripping, and curing by heating with warm air. Examples illustrate the preparation of resins from polyvinyl acetate and acetaldehyde, butyraldehyde, or acetaldehyde and (a) butyraldehyde, (b) benzaldehyde, or (c) cyclohexanone, under various conditions.  Specification 477,446 is referred to.  The Provisional Specification refers to the use of polyvinyl formate, propionate, butyrate, interpolymers of vinyl acetate with vinyl propionate, vinyl oleate, vinyl chloride, vinyl ethyl ether, and styrene, and states broadly that the quantity of catalyst does not exceed 20 per cent of the polyvinyl ester.
Patent GB-185924-A (GB)
Title: Improvements in heating arrangements for bakers' ovens
IPC: A21B1/33
Filed: 1921-08-02
Abstract: 185,924. Haan, I. de. Aug. 2,1921. Bakers' ovens.-In a gas-fired baker's oven of the travelling-sole type, the air supplied to the burners is drawn from the space 7 beneath the oven chamber through which the return lap of the sole travels. The duct 22 for conveying the air to the burner is preferably formed in the oven walls, and it leads to a valve-controlled passage 13 in the burner casing, the air being finally delivered in close proximity to the gas nipple 16 so that its high temperature tends to prevent condensation of tar therein. The gas nipple 16 is clamped in position by a screw 19 passing through a stirrup 18 pivoted to the casing 11, which screw also serves to close the outer end of a passage 21, through which the nipple opening can be cleaned. The burners deliver into perforated tubes 10 situated above and below the upper lap of the conveyer.
Patent GB-998788-A (GB)
Title: Improvements in or relating to walking aids
Inventor: COLBERT JOHN HENRY
IPC: A45B3/00
Filed: 1963-05-23
Abstract: 998,788. Walking sticks. A. J. COLBERT. July 2, 1964 [May 23, 1963], No. 20569/63. Heading A4P. A walking stick, by means of which objects can be picked up from the ground, comprises a curved or straight handle part 12, a tubular metal stem 10 and a finger 16, pivotally mounted on the stem at 22 and connected to a trigger 34 by a wire 28, passing through the stem, for operation against the action of a spring 24. The finger has spaced claws 18 engaging a rubber &c. ferrule 14 under the influence of the spring 24 which passes through the stem. In modifications the trigger is replaced by a ring or similar operating device and the wire passes along the outside of the stem.
Patent GB-276324-A (GB)
Title: Improvements in and relating to sighting telescopes for ordnance, machine guns and the like
IPC: G02B23/08
Filed: 1927-08-05
Abstract: 276,324. Akt.-Ges. C. P. Goerz Optische Anstalt. Aug. 21, 1926, [Convention date]. Telescopes for sighting ordnance &c. and comprising an erecting system of prisms consisting of two parts and deflecting the light through a right angle have at least one of the prisms rotatable together with the entrance opening about a vertical axis, the right angle reflecting prism being rotatable about a horizontal axis. In the constructions shown, the ocular axis is fixed so that the observer looks downwardly, the parts being adjustable so as always to give an upright image. In the form shown in Fig. 1, the casing 6 carrying a prism 10 receiving the entering light is rotatable in a sleeve 2 fixed by the dove-tailed part 1 on the fire-arm and the remainder of the optical system comprising an erecting-prism 18 and telescope is rotated by hand with respect to the casing 6 so as to bring the image upright, In a form shown in Fig. 3, the whole of the optical system is rotatable about the vertical and the erecting prism 18, which is the first optical element to receive the light, rotated by turning its casing 20, which is rotatable on the telescope casing 19. In the form shown in Fig. 5. the erecting prism 49 has two reflecting surfaces and is mounted on a rotatable cover-plate 36 so as to be rotated together with the objective and rightangle reflecting prism about the vertical, the latter system being provided with gearing so as to rotate at only half the speed of the cover-plate, the ocular system together with its graticule remaining stationary.
Patent GB-516833-A (GB)
Title: Process and apparatus for stabilizing fermentable or alterable liquids
IPC: C12H1/16
Filed: 1938-07-13
Abstract: 516,833. Photo-electric apparatus and lightsensitive cells. REYMOND, C. A., and REYMOND, [nee COMTE], M. July 13, 1938, No. 20770. Convention date, July 13, 1937. Drawings to Specification. [Class 40 (iii)] [Also in Group VI] A photo-electric cell excited by ultraviolet light is used for imparting potentials to surfaces in apparatus for stabilizing fermentable or alterable liquids. The Specification as open to inspection under Sect. 91 refers to a photo cell comprising a plate made of or coated with zinc, thorium, magnesium, lithium, sodium, liquid alloys of sodium and potassium, potassium, rubidium, e.g., a piece of zinc coated with rubidium. This subject-matter does not appear in the Specification as accepted.
Patent GB-1338101-A (GB)
Title: Machine tool with automatic tool changer
IPC: B23Q3/157
Filed: 1971-04-19
Abstract: 1338101 Tool changers GIDDINGS & LEWIS Inc 19 April 1971 [17 Feb 1970] 20852/71 Heading B3B An automatic tool changer, e.g. for a vertical column milling and boring machine having a vertically movable headstock 39, comprises a tool storage matrix 64, a shuttle track 69, a rotatable turret 70 journalled on one end of the track in alignment therewith, a pair of identical tool carrying shuttles 68 movable axially along said track and turret, tool gripping means on said shuttles, means for indexing said turret and shutttles 68 thereon through 180 degrees, and means for actuating said tool gripping means of each shuttle when adjacent the tool matrix or a spindle 44 in the headstock. In operation a parked shuttle 68 is indexed 90 degrees to receive a used tool from the spindle. A new tool is received by the shuttle 68 adjacent the storage matrix 64 and the shuttle traversed along the track 69 by a feed screw 71 until it is on the turret 70 level with the other shuttle. The turrets are then indexed 180 degrees to exchange tools. The shuttles include spring closed gripping means that ensure correct orientation of a tool and which are released by cam means as the turret 70 is indexed. The matrix is in the form of tool receptacles 65 linked together to form a chain which passes round pulleys and a driven gear sprocket at the corners of a frame. This frame is attached to, and is movable with, the headstock and includes separate guides 78 which engage runners on the vertical column of the machine tool. Machine tool details.-The machine tool (Fig. 1, not shown) comprises a bed 28, a fixed column 29, superposed horizontal slides 31, 34, an indexable work-table 35, and a pallet 36. The weight of the headstock is counterbalanced via a chain (41) (Fig. 1, not shown) connection and the weight of the storage matrix is supported separately by an hydraulic ram arrangement (81) (Fig. 3, not shown).