baber/WOPTO huggingface dataset:
Patent SE-438502-B (SE)
Title: Truck attachment
Inventor: FALK L I
IPC: B66F9/12
Filed: 1983-10-21
Abstract: Truck attachment intended to be fitted on forks to a normal truck or similar. The truck attachment is characterised by the fact that it consists of a structural frame (1), a suspension runner (2) that is manoeuvrable in a front and backward direction fixed on the frame's (1) upper part and supporting a vertically manoeuvrable lifting yoke (3) equipped with a grip that can fix and lift a box from a stack of boxes before the structural frame (1), such as a shelf, a conveyor belt, etc. on which a box or several boxes arranged in a stack are intended to be collected with the truck and the truck attachment and are therefore introduced to the inner part of the structural frame (1). The truck with the attachment is moved into a position before an unloading area, the lifting yoke (3) is lowered over the uppermost box in the stack, the grip grips and fixes the boxes, so that the box is lifted and separated from the stack, the suspension runner (2) is manoeuvred to a front position, the lifting yoke (3) is moved to the desired output height and the grip is released so that the box is released from lifting yoke with the aid of the output device and the suspension runner (2) is moved back to the original position after which the operation can be repeated with the next box and so on<IMAGE>
Patent SE-445190-B (SE)
Title: Cleaning device for band saws
Inventor: JANSON K
IPC: B27B13/16
Filed: 1984-09-21
Abstract: Cleaning device for band saws and the like comprising a cleaning head (2) designed in such a way that it is supplied cleaning fluid from a source (10) and that the application of fluid on the band wheel (1) or saw band can be pressed against such. To save cleaning fluid, obtain a more exact dosage of fluid, etc. the device contains mechanisms (4, 7) for switching the cleaning head (2) between a cleaning position in contact with the band wheel (1) or saw band and a free position at a distance from such. It also contains mechanisms (6, 11, 14) to supply cleaning fluid in doses from the specified source (10) to the cleaning head (2) based on the movements of the cleaning head (2).<IMAGE>
Patent SE-463294-B (SE)
Inventor: JOHANSSON M
IPC: B23D45/16
Filed: 1986-10-22
Abstract: In an annular saw force-exerting means (56, 57) are provided so as to act on flange-equipped support rollers (40, 41) for the saw blade (8). The support rollers have at least one flange (44) engagning a groove in the web portion of the saw blade. The force-exerting means act essentially only in the axial direction of the support rollers essentially parallel to the plane of symmetry of the saw blade towards the centre of the saw blade. Alternatively, force exerting means are provided so as to act on a drive pulley for the saw blade essentially only in a direction perpendicular to the axis of rotation of the drive pulley, parallel to the plane of symmetry of the saw blade outwards from the centre of the saw blade. In both cases the drive surfaces (22, 38) of the drive pulley and the saw blade are pressed against each other, and the inner edge of the flange on the support rollers is pressed against the inner edge of the groove in the web portion of the saw blade.
Patent CN-85100648-B (CN)
IPC: C21D1/42
Filed: 1985-04-01
Abstract: 本发明的工艺特点是使原始组织为铁素体和珠光体水淬结构钢先加热到Ａ c3 以上２０－３０℃淬火后，再加热到Ａ c3 以下１０－５０℃淬火。
Patent CN-1014336-B (CN)
Inventor: MEURS PETER VAN
IPC: E21B36/00
Filed: 1986-05-29
Abstract: 以一种方式加热含油含水的地下油藏，这种加热方式导致了一种经济可行的从原来渗透率很低，以致于对注入采油流体的反应是令人失望的，非生产性的油层中开采出石油的方法。对特定厚度的处理层，以热传导方式对井眼加热，这些井眼被排布在由注热井和流体产出井所构成的特定井组内，加热温度为大约600℃以上。
Patent FI-109669-B (FI)
Inventor: AALTONEN ESA JUHANI
IPC: B61B11/00
Filed: 2001-03-28
Granted: 2002-09-30
Abstract: The object of the invention is a releasing method and a releasing member for releasing a towed device from a cableway at a desired point without an assisting person or without stopping the lift. According to the method a towing member ( 2 ) connected to the towing rope ( 10 ) of the towing apparatus ( 5 ) of the cableway ( 4 ) is released from the clutch member ( 1 ) in the towed device by changing the vertical towing angle (R) between the towing member ( 2 ) and the clutch member ( 1 ) at the release point. In order to change the angle, a releasing member ( 3 ), developed for the method and mounted at the release point, is used, whereby the member has a vertical section (V) arranged intersectingly on the towing line at a height, which allows the towed device to pass below it. A safety system ( 9 ) can be connected to the releasing member, which system results in the stopping of the lift in the case that the load in the towing direction acting on the horizontal portion (V) exceeds the allowed value. By using this releasing method the dangers which are created if the release would occur too early or too late, are avoided.
Patent FI-112257-B (FI)
Title: Paper or board mill twin wrap edge gap former
Inventor: KORHONEN HANNU
IPC: D21F/
Filed: 2002-04-11
Granted: 2003-11-14
Abstract: Paper or board mill twin wrap edge gap former.
Patent FI-125852-B (FI)
Title: Säätölaite, säätöjärjestelmä, murskain, murskauslaitos ja menetelmä murskaimen säätämiseksi
Inventor: VIILO KEIJO
IPC: B02C23/02
Filed: 2011-01-17
Granted: 2016-03-15
Abstract: Murskaimen (120) murskauskammion (122) syöttöaukon (121) säätölaite (10) käsittää syöttöaukon yhteyteen järjestettävän yhden tai useamman säätöosan (5, 6, 7, 8; 901, 902; 911, 912, 913, 914), joka on murskauksen aikana liikutettava syöttöaukon (121) läpi murskauskammioon (122) virtaavan murskattavan materiaalin virtauspinta-alan (A) säätämiseksi. Säätöjärjestelmä, joka käsittää säätölaitteen (10) murskaimen (120) murskauskammion (122) syöttöaukkoa varten (121). Mineraalimateriaalin murskaamiseen soveltuva puristava murskain (120). Murskauslaitos. Menetelmä mineraalimateriaalin murskaamiseen soveltuvan puristavan murskaimen (120) tai murskauslaitoksen (100) säätämiseksi.
Patent FI-128707-B (FI)
Title: A method of manufacturing an antislip ladder rung and a ladder rung
Inventor: VUORENMAA REIJO
IPC: E06C7/08
Filed: 2018-02-01
Granted: 2020-10-30
Abstract: A method of manufacturing an antislip ladder rung (1), and an antislip ladder rung (1). The method comprises arranging a tubular rung (1) made of sheet metal, and arranging an antislip roughening (2) to the rung. The method comprises punching the tubular rung in the diametral plane of the rung with a pressing punch (31, 32) having a plurality of spaced puncturing rods (4) with pointed tips. The puncturing rods (4) are arranged in a row. During the punching stroke, at a first side of the rung, the pointed tips puncture through the wall of the rung forming inlet openings (5) and at the opposite second side of the rung the pointed tips create protrusions (61, 62) that form the antislip roughening (2). The antislip roughening (2) comprises a plurality of outwardly protruding, from the inside of the rung outwardly pressed, deformations as protrusions (61, 62) deformed from the material of the wall of the rung.
Patent HK-1041195-B (HK)
Title: Shunt device and method for treating glaucoma
Inventor: MARY G LYNCH
IPC: A61F2/84
Filed: 2002-04-08
Abstract: The present invention relates to a shunt adapted to facilitate the passage of aqueous humor from the anterior chamber to Schlemm's canal, comprising: a body of biocompatible material having a size and shape adapted to be at least partially circumferentially received within a portion of Schlemm's canal to divert aqueous humor from the anterior chamber of the human eye to and within Schlemm's canal; the body comprising a distal portion and a proximal portion; wherein the body defines a trough-like channel that is at least partially open for directing aqueous humor; and wherein the body is adapted, when in use, to facilitate the passage of aqueous humor from the anterior chamber into Schlemm's canal without the proximal portion extending into the anterior chamber.
Patent HK-1042486-B (HK)
Title: Novel amidine derivatives, their preparation and application as menicines and pharmaceutical compositions containing same
Inventor: SERGE AUVIN
IPC: A61P17/06
Filed: 2002-05-24
Abstract: Amidines (I) are new. <??>Amidines (I) of formula (I') and their salts are new. <??>A = phenyl, benzhydryl or a group of formula A1 - A9; <??>R1-R3 = halo, OH, SR6, 1-6C alkyl, 2-6C alkenyl, 1-6C alkoxy or NR6R7; <??>R4 = H or 1-6C alkyl; <??>R5 = OH, SR6, 1-6C alkyl or 1-6C alkoxy, but may not be SR6 nor alkoxy in A4; <??>R6 = H, 1-6C alkyl or 1-6C alkoxy; <??>R7 and R8 = H, OH, 1-6C alkyl or -CO-R9 but may not be alkyl nor COR9 in A5; <??>R9 = H, OH, 1-6C alkyl or 1-6C alkoxy, but may not be H, OH nor alkoxy in A1; <??>R10 and R11 = H or OH; <??>B' = 1-6C alkyl, 5-6 membered carbocyclic or heterocyclic aryl (heterocycle having 1-4 O, N, or S atoms, aryl optionally substituted by 1-6C alkyl, 1-6C alkoxy or 2-6C alkenyl) or NR13R14; <??>R13 and R14 = H or 1-6C alkyl; or <??>NR13R14 = 5 or 6 membered non-aromatic heterocycle comprising CH2, NH, O or S; <??>X = -(CH2)m-, -O-(CH2)m-, -S-(CH2)m-, -NR15-(CH2)m-, -CO-NR15-, -O-(CH2)m-CO-, -S-(CH2)m-CO-, -NR15-(CH2)m-CO- or -(CH2)m-C(OH)(CH3)-CO-; <??>Y' = -(CH2)n- or -(CH2)r-Q-(CH2)s-; <??>Q = piperazine, homopiperazine, 2-methyl piperazine, 2,5-dimethyl piperazine, piperidine, 1,2,3,6-tetrahydropiperidine, pyrrolidine, azetidine or a saturated 3-7C chain; <??>T = -(CH2)p-O-(CH2)q-, -(CH2)p-S-(CH2)q-, -(CH2)p-NR16-(CH2)q-, -(CH2)p-CO-NR16-(CH2)q-, or -CO-(CH2)p-NR16-(CH2)q-; <??>R12, R13, R14, R15, and R16 = H or 1-6C alkyl; <??>m, n, p, q, r, and s = 0-6;and <??>provided that when A = A6, then Y' is piperidine, and when A = A4, then Y' is -(CH2)r-Q-(CH2)s in which Q is a saturated 3-7 membered ring.
Patent IN-168504-B (IN)
Inventor: GEIER RUDOLF
IPC: C10C1/00
Filed: 1988-01-15
Abstract: In a process for producing carbon fibres from coal tar pitch, the coal tar pitch is filtered before being spun and the pitch filtrate is distilled in a thin-film evaporator in order to increase its softening point over 260 C. A pure and homogeneous hard pitch is thus obtained, without the re-formation of infusable, chinolin-insoluble components. The most difficult and cost intensive step of the fibre production process, namely the thermal aftertreatment of the spun pitch fibres, can thus be easily and quickly carried out. The subsequent thermal treatment is carried out in a cyclic treatment installation.
Patent IT-1253303-B (IT)
Title: Frame for wind-up curtains
Inventor: FINELLI GIUSEPPE
IPC: A47K/
Filed: 1991-11-08
Granted: 1995-07-14
Abstract: A frame for wind-up curtains comprises: a box able to contain a winding roller for a curtain and means for rotating the roller, one end of the curtain being fixed to an operating bar; a pair of guides for guiding the side edges of the curtain during its unwinding or winding movements onto/from the roller; means for controlling the movements of the roller; two guide supports, each of which is able to contain a guide, the guide supports being also able to form a support structure for the box; connection means for fixing the box to the support structure; roller bearings arranged at the ends of the operating bars are also provided, together with curtain reinforcing strips for reducing the friction between the guides and the bar and between the guides and the edges of the curtain. <IMAGE>
Patent IT-1262695-B (IT)
Title: Sostegno rigido con piano rotante adatto per l'affissione di manifesti e cartelloni pubblicitari
Inventor: UBERTI ALESSANDRO
IPC: G09F/
Filed: 1993-01-11
Granted: 1996-07-04
Abstract: Scopo del presente trovato è stato di migliorare le condizioni di preparazione e di collocazione di manifesti pubblicitari che solitamente vengono affissi a sopporti espositori, oppure a muri o pareti rigide utilizzando piani che, per la loro posizione e forma, non possono adattarsi alle necessità.Il trovato, consiste nell'avere predisposto un sostegno ed un perno per il piano rettangolare d'esposizione dalle misure standard, affinché questo possa assumere le posizioni necessarie onde ottenere sempre e comunque lo sfruttamento dell'intero spazio disponibile e la disposizione del manifesto nella posizione che interessa sia esposto.
Patent IT-1245569-B (IT)
Title: Reel rewinding device
Inventor: MIRABELLI ANDREA
IPC: B65H/
Filed: 1991-03-20
Granted: 1994-09-29
Abstract: A rewinding device for rewinding a tape on a plurality of final reels starting from a single parent reel, comprising an idle spindle for supporting the core of the final reel and a motorized roller parallel to the idle spindle, supported in such a way as to maintain a substantially constant thrust against the external surface of the final reel. A motorized belt loop is also envisaged to keep the parent reel in rotation. The invention allows speeds to be obtained which are extremely high with respect to known techniques. <IMAGE>
Patent IT-1251365-B (IT)
Title: Corpo di cuscino e procedimento per la formazione del medesimo
Inventor: MUNEHARU URAI
IPC: A47C7/18
Filed: 1991-05-14
Granted: 1995-05-09
Abstract: Corpo di cuscino includente un complesso di molle elicoidali continuo comprendente porzioni ad elica e porzioni di collegamento lineari, e procedimento per formare tale corpo di cuscino. Il complesso di molle elicoidali continuo è inserito a pressione in una maschera, e sia la maschera che il complesso di molle elicoidali sono sottoposte a un trattamento di ricottura a bassa temperatura. Il complesso di molle così trattate è quindi espanso con un materiale di base uretanico in uno stampo, in modo da produrre tale tipo di corpo di cuscino.
Patent IT-1251636-B (IT)
Title: Prop device with balancing action, particularly for motorcycles
Inventor: TRIONFETTI GIANNI
IPC: B62H/
Filed: 1991-10-28
Granted: 1995-05-17
Abstract: A prop device with balancing action is provided for two- wheeled vehicles, particularly motorcycles, and comprises at least one support arm, at least one rotatable element engaged with the arm, means of moving the arm for moving it between a raised position in which the rotatable element is located away from the ground and a lowered position in which the rotatable element is in contact with the ground, and elements for operating the moving means. <IMAGE>
Patent IT-1255693-B (IT)
Title: Metodo per prevedere la transizione ottimale tra un funzionamento a pressione costante e un funzionamento a pressione variabile
IPC: F01D17/24
Filed: 1992-09-29
Granted: 1995-11-10
Abstract: Per migliorare il rendimento operativo di una centrale a turbina a vapore ad arco parziale durante variazioni della potenza d'uscita con transizione tra il modo a pressione costante e il modo a pressione variabile. La pressione ottimale del punto di transizione viene convertita in una percentuale corrispondente della differenza di pressione tra coppie adiacenti di punti di valvola. La pressione della camera ad azione in corrispondenza di ogni punto di valvola viene quindi usata per calcolare una pressione corrispondente alla camera ad azione per la transizione dal primo al secondo modo di base alla differenza di pressione percentuale. Le pressioni della camera ad azione calcolate per la transizione vengono confrontate con valori misurati della pressione della camera ad azioni e la transizione forzata avviene quando il valore misurato è sostanzialmente eguale alla pressione di transizione calcolata.
Patent IT-1274375-B (IT)
Title: Finishing process for metal parts for interior and/or bathroom fittings
Inventor: FORNARA FRANCO
IPC: B05C/
Filed: 1995-04-21
Granted: 1997-07-17
Abstract: A finishing process for metal parts for interior and/or bathroom fittings capable of imparting a surface colour to the metal parts which are first subjected to a stage of surface degreasing, followed by a stage comprising the operation of spraying a compound essentially comprising a first component having fluid behaviour and a second bronzing liquid component, each of which can penetrate the other, onto metal parts placed within an enclosure in which the said compound is continuously circulated. <IMAGE>
Patent IT-1245008-B (IT)
Title: Elemento graduato per lettura ottica a riflessione e procedimento per la sua fabbricazione
Inventor: VAN LAMSWEERDE EDOARDO
IPC: G01B3/02
Filed: 1991-01-25
Granted: 1994-09-13
Abstract: L'elemento graduato comprende un sopporto rigido (1) con una superficie di sfondo (2) a basso assorbimento luminoso sulla quale si trovano segni grafici in rilievo, quali tratti di graduazione micrometrici (6), contrastanti contro la superficie di sfondo (2). I segni grafici (6) sono ottenuti per deposizione di uno strato micrometrico di materiale a forte assorbimento luminoso. Preferibilmente, la superficie di sfondo (2) è costituita da uno strato di metallo riflettente, quale alluminio. Pure preferibilmente, lo strato riflettente (3) è ricoperto da un rivestimento protettivo micrometrico trasparente, quale biossido di silicio. Pure preferibilmente, i segni grafici (6) sono costituiti da cromo o da una composizione a base di cromo. Nel procedimento secondo l'invenzione i segni grafici (6) sono ottenuti per via fotochimica. Preferibilmente, i vari strati (2, 3, 6) sono applicati in successione sul sopporto (1) mediante evaporazione sotto vuoto. (Figura 7).
Patent IT-1274316-B (IT)
Title: Device for catching and collecting paint or similar surface treatment substances for products, especially useful in combination with painting booths of product painting layouts
Inventor: VIDALI MARZIO
IPC: C09G/
Filed: 1994-01-14
Granted: 1997-07-17
Abstract: Device for catching and collecting of paint in the painting booths of products, able to collect, recover, and reuse such paint. Device comprising a movable canvas 13 with continuous advancement in a single direction A, located between the spray gun 18 and each product being treated 12 and the walls of the painting booth 11. Said canvas 13 serves to collect the dispersed spray paint, transporting it to a doctor element 20 which removes it from the canvas itself and takes it in a separate container 22 for recycling. A possible additional container 16 contains solvent liquid and is placed underneath the canvas 13, which partially penetrates therein, becoming wet and thus facilitating the collecting of the paint. <IMAGE>
Patent PT-108233-B (PT)
Title: Sistema de mínima quantidade de lubrificação de baixo custo
Inventor: JOÃO PAULO DAVIM TAVARES DA SILVA
IPC: F16N7/00
Filed: 2015-02-18
Abstract: O TERMO MQL, MINIMAL QUANTITY OF LUBRICANT , CONSISTE NA UTILIZAÇÃO DE UM BAIXO CAUDAL DE LUBRIFICANTE (10 A 100 ML/H) ATRAVÉS DE UM FLUIDO A ALTA PRESSÃO (AR COMPRIMIDO). ESTE SISTEMA É UMA ALTERNATIVA A MAIORIA DOS SISTEMAS DE LUBRIFICAÇÃO UTILIZADOS EM OPERAÇÕES DE MAQUINAGEM, APRESENTANDO VANTAGENS TANTO A NÍVEL ECONÓMICO COMO A NÍVEL ECOLÓGICO, CONTRIBUINDO PARA A MANUFATURA SUSTENTADA. A PRESENTE INVENÇÃO REFERE-SE A UM SISTEMA DE MQL TOTALMENTE FUNCIONAL E AUTOMATIZADO, USANDO UMA VÁLVULA REGULADORA DE PRESSÃO (I), UMA ELECTROVÁLVULA (2) E IMPLEMENTANDO UM INOVADOR SISTEMA DE MOTOR DE PASSO ACOPLADO A UMA CABEÇA DE BOMBA PERISTÁLTICA (3) PARA O CONTROLO DO CAUDAL LUBRIFICANTE (7) QUE É FORNECIDO A PARTIR DO RECIPIENTE (5). DESTE MODO O SISTEMA PERMITE UMA NUVEM DE PULVERIZAÇÃO ALTAMENTE FOCADA IMPEDINDO A DISPERSÃO DAS PEQUENAS GOTÍCULAS DE LUBRIFICANTE (4) RECORRENDO A UM INOVADOR SISTEMA DE UMA AGULHA DE SERINGA PARA INTRODUZIR O LUBRIFICANTE NO AR COMPRIMIDO. O SISTEMA DESTACA-SE PELO SEU ÓTIMO FUNCIONAMENTO, AUTOMATIZAÇÃO, BAIXO CUSTO E BOA PORTABILIDADE. APRESENTANDO AS INOVAÇÕES ACIMA DESCRITAS.
Patent RO-81982-B (RO)
Inventor: ALT GERHARD HORST
IPC: C07C233/88
Filed: 1981-03-18
Abstract: Inventia se refera la o compozitie erbicida lichida constituita, în calitate de substanta activa, dintr-o N-alcoximetil-2-halogenacetanilida cu formula generala I: (vezi formula) în care R reprezinta izopropil, n-butil, izobutil, sec-butil, alil sau 2-metilbutil; R1 reprezinta metil, izopropil, n-butil sau alil si R2 si R3 reprezinta hidrogen sau metil, cu conditia ca R1 si  R2, R3 sa reprezinte fiecare metil atunci cînd R reprezinta n-butil, izobutil sau sec-butil; R2 si R3 sa reprezinte fiecare hidrogen, atunci cînd R reprezinta izobutil, izopropil sau sec-butil si R1 reprezinta izopropil sau n-butil si R2 reprezinta hidrogen si R3 reprezinta metil, atunci cînd R reprezinta 2-metilbutil sau alil si R1 reprezinta alil, în proportii în greutate de 5....85%, împreuna cu un solvent ales dintre monoclorbenzen hidrocarburi aromatice C9, xilen, dimetilsulfoxid, N-metilpirolidina, dimetilformamida si apa, în proportii în greutate de 11....94% si eventual un agent activ de suprafata ales dintre amestec de dodecilnenzensulfonat de calciu cu polixitileneteri, amestec de dodecilbenzensulfonat de calciu cu alchilarilpolieteralcool, ulei de ricin polietoxilat, copolimer bloc polioxietilena/polioxipropilena în butanol si lignosulfonat alcalin sau alcalinp-pamîntos, în proportii în greutate de 1...5% si rodamina B în proportie în greutate de 0,5%.
Patent TW-201688-B (TW)
Title: Nutrition composition of agricultural plants
Inventor: FANG CHING-LIEH
IPC: A01N59/06
Filed: 1992-05-28
Granted: 1993-03-11
Abstract: A nutrition composition of agricultural plants containing: 1.4% of P2O5, 0.8% of K2O, 12.8% of CaO, 2.5% of reducing sugar, trace amount of B and Co, and water.
Patent TW-211509-B (TW)
Title: Air-compressed scissors
Inventor: KAWABATA ICHIRO
IPC: A01G3/02
Filed: 1993-04-13
Granted: 1993-08-21
Abstract: An air-compressed scissors comprising: a casing; a pair of scissors in front of the casing; a central tube connecting to an air-compressed source at one end and connecting to the scissors at another end; a plurality of separations in the central tube transversely to form a plurality of chambers; compressed plates disposed between chambers and separations; in which the central tube moving forwardly and rearwardly to open and close the scissors.
Patent TW-238411-B (TW)
Title: Process for field effect transistor
Inventor: SHYU CHING-SHYANG
IPC: H01L21/335
Filed: 1993-08-03
Granted: 1995-01-11
Abstract: A process for field effect transistor with ultra shallow junction includes: 1. forming gate oxide of N-channel and polysilicon gate of P-channel on the Si layer; 2. depositing and overlaying properly thick PSG with low density; 3. etching the PSG to forming the spacers overlaying separately the N-channel and P-channel gate; 4. etching the P-channel to remove the spacer; 5. depositing and overlaying properly thick BSG with low density; 6. etching the PSG to forming the gate spacer of P-channel component; 7. implanting the source/drain ion to form the source/drain area; 8. by high temperature driving in to PSG spacer and BSP spacer separately auto dope down to form lightly doped source/drain with ultra shallow junction.
Patent TW-281682-B (TW)
Title: Method of preparing thermo-moldable styrene group resin compoition
Inventor: WANG CHINQ-LIANG
IPC: C08L25/06
Filed: 1993-10-07
Granted: 1996-07-21
Abstract: A method of preparing excellent high impact strength, high expansion strength, excellent shade and maintaining good mechanical property of the recovery material of thermo-moldable styrene group resin composition. It is characterized by first using the group containing copolymer to swell rubber latex, then adding a portion of monomer mixture to the larger particles of swollen rubber latex to proceed with the first phase of grafting copolzmerization reation. Then add the pre-completed grafting copolzmerization reaction of unswollen rubber latex copolymer when reaction proceeds to a designated period of time. Finally, add monomer mixture to continue the second phase of grafting copolzmerization reaction.