baber/WOPTO huggingface dataset:
Patent GB-850480-A (GB)
Title: Production of lithium sulphate
IPC: C22B26/12
Filed: 1957-09-06
Abstract: Lithium sulphate is prepared by reacting dry b -spodumene at 125-600 DEG C. with a gaseous mixture of water vapour and a gas comprising (a) sulphur trioxide and a free oxygen-containing or inert gas or (b) a catalytically activated mixture of sulphur dioxide and a free oxygencontaining gas.  The initial b -spodumene may be prepared by crushing spodumene ore, concentrating the a -spodumene therein by flotation and converting to the b -form by decrepitation in a muffle furnace, kiln or fluidised bed reactor at above 860 DEG C. and preferably not above 925 DEG C.  By "catalytically activated" is meant gases which have been passed over or contain a catalyst under conditions leading to the formation of SO3; temperatures of 425-600 DEG C. and catalysts of platinised asbestos, iron oxide and vanadium oxide are mentioned and nitrogen oxides can also be used at e.g. 125 DEG C.  The water in the gas mixture may be supplied in situ from the spodumere or may be carried in with the air or with washed sulphur-containing gases.  The latter may be produced in a pyrites burner, sulphur burner or iron sulphide roasting furnace and used without cooling; the oxygen containing gas is normally air.  If the reaction is conducted at lower temperatures the gases may be diluted e.g. with nitrogen, to prevent condensation.  The gases are preferably passed through the reactor in countercurrent to the spodumene at an excess pressure of 1/2 -3 at.  In some examples, a static bed of spodumene in an electrically heated furnace is used, in others a platinum boat of spodumene is used in an electrically heated furnace and in others a rotary kiln is used.  After this reaction the lithium sulphate is removed by water leaching, preferably in countercurrent.  The residue remaining after leaching has the formula H2O.Al2O3.4SiO2.  U.S.A. Specification 2,516,109 is referred to.
Patent GB-737262-A (GB)
Title: Manufacture of solid materials consisting of aggregated solid particles
Inventor: MCKEE JAMES HUNTER
IPC: C04B33/13
Filed: 1949-11-04
Abstract: Solid particles consisting of or containing a digestible carbonaceous material is mixed with an aliphatic or araliphatic amine and the mixture heated between 80 DEG C. and decomposition temperature of the carbonaceous material.  Amines specified are n- and iso-propylamine, a -methyl propylamine, n-amylamine, n-dodecylamine, allylamine, ethylene diamine, propylene diamine, hexamethylene diamine, di-ethylene triamine, tri-ethylene tetramine, tetra ethylene pentamine, benzyl amine, b  phenyl ethylamine, mono-, di- and tri-ethanolamine and N hydroxyethylethylene diamine, whilst solid particles specified are fly ash, carbon and coal.  Porous products are obtained by firing at, e.g. 1050 DEG C.  Specification 737,261 is referred to.
Patent GB-1494573-A (GB)
Title: Loose-leaf fastener
IPC: B42F13/10
Filed: 1976-06-30
Abstract: 1494573 Loose-leaf binding devices WHITEHEAD LETTERFILES Ltd 30 June 1976 [4 July 1975] 28317/75 Heading B6E A loose-leaf binding device comprises a base member 6 articulated by a plurality of hinge strips 8 to a clamp member 7, which is provided with slots 13 and hollow sheet transfer members 12 for alternate co-operation with sheet engaging tag members 9. The members 9 are provided with ridges 10 for co-operation with the side walls 14 of the slots.
Patent GB-810421-A (GB)
Title: Improvements in or relating to the manufacture of articles of plastic material for example, drain pipes and guttering by extrusion
Inventor: SHAW HARRY
IPC: B29C48/13
Filed: 1953-12-15
Abstract: 810,421. Extrusion machines. BITUMEX Ltd. March 15, 1955 [Dec. 15, 1953], No. 28494/53. Class 87(2). Separate masses of heat-transfer fluid are used to control the temperature of various parts of an extrusion machine, a controlled portion of each mass being passed through a heat exchange device. In the pipe making machine shown, Fig. 1, bituminous material is forced by a screw 12 over a hollow mandrel 15 into a die 19, 20, 21. The interior of the mandrel is divided into compartments by plungers 36A, 37A, 38A, 39A which are mounted on threaded rods 40, 41 whereby the axial position of the plungers and hence the size of the compartments may be varied. Each compartment is associated with a supply and a discharge pipe, e.g. 46, 47, for heat-transfer fluid, the pipes passing through holes in the plungers. In addition, separate masses of heat-transfer fluid a recirculated through chambers 35B, 35C. Each chamber is provided with a separate pump 50, Fig. 3, all the pumps being driven by a common motor. The inlet side of pump 50 is connected to a pipe 51 from the chamber 35 and the outlet side to two pipes 53, 52 leading respectively via a cooling coil 54 to a needle valve 56 and direct to a second needle valve located behind valve 56. The proportion of fluid passing through the coil is determined by the setting of the valves. The chambers 35 are each provided with an electric heater. In a similar manner, the heating compartments of the mandrel are provided with separate pumps, heaters and temperaturecontrol means. In operation, the die 19, 20, 21 remains stationary until it is full, at which point it is released by hydraulic jacks 23 and slid along a tubular extension 25 of the mandrel 15. When the desired length of pipe has been extruded over the tube 25, the extruded pipe is cut-off, the tube 25 released from the mandrel 15 and moved out of the way. A fresh tube 25 and die 19, 20, 21 are then brought into position and extrusion recommences. The machine may comprise three sets of tubes and dies mounted to rotate in a horizontal plane about a turret remote from the extrusion head. The turret also contains means (e.g. cables, pulleys and counter weights) for facilitating movement of the die along the tubes 25. The invention may be applied to machines in which the mandrel is supported by spokes. In this case, heating fluid for the mandrel is fed through passages in the spokes.
Patent GB-363417-A (GB)
Title: Improvements in or relating to pistons for internal combustion. engines
IPC: F02F3/00
Filed: 1930-09-24
Abstract: 363,417. Pistons. RICARDO, H. R., 21, Suffolk Street, Pall Mall, London. Sept. 24, 1930, No. 28597. [Class 122 (i).] In a piston of the type comprising a head portion A of cast iron, steel or other ferrous metal carrying the piston rings and connected to a skirt portion C of light metal by means of bolts D of substantial length, the bolts are reduced in cross section throughout the major part of their length to permit stretching thereof under the action of the differences in expansion of the various parts due to temperature variations. A baffle plate C<4> extending across the piston between the gudgeon pin bosses and the cylinder head may be formed integral with the skirt C or formed separately and clamped between the head and skirt. The space between the baffle and piston head may contain cooling liquid. Oil drain holes may extend from the scraper ring groove C<6> to the interior of the piston.
Patent GB-262243-A (GB)
Title: Azo dyestuffs
IPC: C09B35/08
Filed: 1925-11-13
Abstract: 262,243. British Dyestuffs Corporation, Ltd., Mendoza, M., and Saunders, K. H. Nov. 13, 1925. Azo dyes.-The m-diamines obtained by reducing the dinitrosulphones resulting from the condensation of the sulphinic acids derived from ooxyarylcarboxylic acids with aromatic dinitro compounds containing a labile halogen atom, as described in Specification 245,865, are used as end components in the manufacture of azo dyes. The 2 : 4-diamino-4<1>-oxydiphenylsulphone-3<1>- carboxylic acid, and its 5<1>-methyl and 5<1>-chlor derivatives are specified. The products dye wool from an acid bath in various shades of orange and brown, which become fast to milling when after-chromed; when chrome-printed on cotton they yield similar shades fast to warm soap. In examples (1) the first-mentioned diamine is coupled with diazotized sulphanilic acid; metanilic acid, naphthionic acid and p-nitraniline-osulphonic acid may also be used, (2) the monoazo dyestuff from p-nitraniline-o-sulphonic acid and the first-mentioned diamine is reduced, rediazotized and coupled with a second molecule of the same diamine, and (3) tetrazotized benzidinem-disulphonic acid is coupled with two molecules of the same diamine.
Patent GB-204225-A (GB)
Title: Improvements relating to lavatory basins, sinks, and the like
IPC: E03C1/32
Filed: 1922-10-23
Abstract: 204,225. Twyfords, Ltd., and Webster, J. T. Oct. 23, 1922. Bushes, bolt-hole. - A fastening bolt 5 for lavatory basins &c. is held in a recess 2 in the basin by a flexible washer 14 compressed by a nut 7.
Patent GB-942779-A (GB)
Title: Spray nozzle
IPC: B05B1/34
Filed: 1962-07-26
Abstract: 942,779. Spray-producers. SPRAYING SYSTEMS CO. July 26, 1962 [Sept. 29, 1961], No. 28736/62. Heading B2F. A spray nozzle comprises a cylindrical chamber 12 having a discharge orifice 15 and containing a swirl unit 18, the orifice having a flared surface 16 at its outer end defining the mouth and the nozzle body having at least one exterior side face 20 that is planer and parallel to the axis of the orifice at the region of the orifice mouth to intersect the flared surface as a chard. Then four faces 20 form a square, given certain relationships between the side dimension A of the square and other significant dimensions of the nozzle, the pattern deposited by the sprayed liquid is square. The dimension A may first be approximated graphically or by calculation from a schematic diagram, Fig. 5, in which D is the orifice diameter, A is 2 half the square side, R is the radius of the surface of revolution 16, and C-1 and E-1 are points where tangents C, E intersect the work surface W. C is tangential to the surface 16 at a point 21C, which is the intersection of the face 20 with the surface 16 in the plane 5-5 of Fig. 1 and E is tangential to the surface 16 at a point 21E, which is the intersection of the face 20 and surface 16 in the plane 3-3. A nozzle is made with the dimension A milled to the theoretically approximated dimension and the correct value for the desired square spray pattern is then found experimentally. It has been found that there is a Factor K which falls in the range 0À7 to 1À3 for various sizes of nozzles that gives a square pattern, this Factor being determined by the formula: For uniform distribution of liquid in the spray, D=0À4 to 0À5 V, V being the diameter of the vane or whirl unit 18.
Patent GB-1568394-A (GB)
Title: Hammer mill
IPC: B02C13/286
Filed: 1976-07-12
Abstract: In impact mills, grinding which is as uniform as possible accompanied by a small power drain and low degree of generation of noise and large grinding capacity with respect to the size of the machine are aimed at. In order to achieve this, arms of the mill rotor (4) which act as blower blades (5a-5d) are constructed as support arms for the bearing of swivellable beaters (6) and are given a width which extends axially over the depth of the interior of the housing. The material to be ground, which is fed, together with rinsing air, through an inlet (7) which is coaxial to the axis of the housing, is subjected to an intensive radial flow and conveyed into the region of the beaters which are mounted at the ends of the blower blades. For the mounting of the beaters, cylindrical flow deflection bodies (60) which extend along the end edges of the blades are provided, which deflection bodies (60) have a diameter which is greater than the thickness of the blades and bring about an intensification of the flow of the material to be ground. <IMAGE>
Patent GB-1336223-A (GB)
Title: Decelerometer for sensing deceleration of a vehicle
IPC: H01H35/14
Filed: 1971-06-22
Abstract: 1336223 Measuring deceleration electrically NISSAN MOTOR CO Ltd 22 June 1971 [3 July 1970] 29154/71 Heading GIN A decelerometer for sensing deceleration of a vehicle within a selected range of azimuth or directional angle and for thereby operating a safety device of the vehicle includes an arcuate member 11 of Piezo-electric material. A spherical weight 13 is biased by spring 20 against the inner surface of member 11. When weight 13 is forced against member 11 during a collision in a direction within angle 2# a voltage deceleration signal is derived from electrodes 18, 19 and applied to a control circuit which operates the safety device when the deceleration signal exceeds a given value. The spherical weight 13 may be replaced by a disc shaped weight, Fig.4 (not shown) having its peripheral surface in contact with the member 11 sc that deceleration in the plane of the disc and member is detected.
Patent GB-1355296-A (GB)
Title: Testing apparatus
IPC: G11C11/413
Filed: 1972-06-23
Abstract: 1355296 Testing data stores INTERNATIONAL BUSINESS MACHINES CORP 23 June 1972 [4 Aug 1971] 29420/72 Heading G4C An apparatus adapted to measure the propagation delays in a data store comprising an array of information storage cells, store assessing control input circuits, and store output sensing circuits, includes means for writing a predetermined pattern of binary data into the storage cells, means for applying predetermined input signals to all the store control input circuits bar one, means for feeding the store output signal to the remaining control input circuit in such a way that the store output oscillates, and a means responsive to the output to count the oscillations thereof. The system includes a data store 20 having address inputs A1-A7, chip select inputs S1, S2, a data input D, read/write control inputs C1, C2, and an inhibit input. During testing of the store (see below) all these inputs except a selected one (depending on the test mode) are supplied by device 26, the store output being fed via delay 22, to multiplexer 23 which, under the control of a test program, routes the output, inverted, to the remaining input.  Three test modes are described. In the first the store is loaded with data such that no two adjacent cells contain like bits. All the store inputs except the least significant address bit are provided by the control 26, the store output being routed by multiplexer 23 to the remaining address input A7. The constant address inputs select two storage cells one of which is read out depending on initial conditions. Since the two selected cells store bits of opposite polarity the effect is to alternately select the two cells, the store output oscillations being counted by counter 27. By allowing for the delay induced by delay element 22 it is possible to determine the delays in the memory. The controlled address inputs A1-A6 are changed after each measurement so that all the cells can be measured in terms of their switching time with an adjacent cell.  In the second test mode the store output is fed to the read control input, each cell under test having been loaded with a binary " 1 ". Initially the write input is effective and the output is zero. The store is thus switched to read whereupon the output rises to one. The oscillations are counted, successive cells being tested by varying the address inputs after each measurement. In the third mode the output is fed to the chip select line which when down gives a zero output, which, via delay 22 and inverting multiplexer 23 selects the chip producing a one output and so on.
Patent GB-985518-A (GB)
Title: Improvements in or relating to apparatus for intensifying the contrast of radioscopyimages
IPC: H04N5/32
Filed: 1961-08-16
Abstract: 985,518. Television. SIEMENS-REINIGERWERKE A.G. Aug. 16, 1961 [Aug. 19, 1960], No. 29555/61. Heading H4F. In an arrangement for intensifying areas of fine contrast of X-ray images video signals are generated corresponding to " sharp " and " unsharp " representations of such images, combined in opposition and the combined signals fed to a picture reproducing tube. Fig. 1, shows one embodiment in which the image of an object 3 produced on the fluorescent screen (not shown) of an X-ray image amplifier 1 by a source of X-rays 2 is transformed into two sets of video signals by means of television cameras 4, 5, one of which is not focused sharply (e.g. by optical and/or electrical means), and supplied via phase inverter 6 and variable-gain amplifier 7 and via variable-gain amplifier 8 to a combining unit 12 the output from which is fed to a picture reproducing tube 14. In a second embodiment, Fig. 2, a single X-ray sensitive television camera 16 is employed and its signal output, divided in 17, is fed over channel 7<SP>1</SP> and variable gain amplifier 7 to combining unit 12 and over channel 8<SP>1</SP> and variable-gain amplifier 8 to a picture reproducing storage tube 10, the picture reproduced by which is scanned by a picture signal generating tube 11 between which and tube 10 optical de-focusing and/or electro-optical defocusing occurs, the signal output of tube 11, which is phase-displaced by 180 degrees, being also fed to combining unit 12 from which the combined signals are supplied to picture reproducing tube 14. The invention operates by virtue of the fact that signals representative of areas of coarse contrasts substantially cancel out when combined in opposition whereas signals representative of fine contrasts in the " sharp " channel are not cancelled by such signals in the " unsharp " channel. By deriving one of the two signals via a pick-up tube which reproduces all instantaneous motions of the image and the other via an image storage system supplying signals corresponding to a single movement phase the contrast of moving details of the image may be relatively intensified.
Patent GB-384403-A (GB)
Title: Process for increasing the affinity of cellulose esters for dyestuffs
IPC: C08L1/10
Filed: 1931-10-24
Abstract: Cellulose esters having an increased affinity for dyestuffs are produced by esterifying cellulose by means of a simple anhydride of a mono-carboxylic acid containing nitrogen, such as cyanacetic anhydride, amino-benzoic anhydride or the like, or by means of a mixed anhydride of acetic acid and a mono-carboxylic acid containing nitrogen.  Alternatively, there is added to the cellulose ester whose affinity is to be increased, a cellulose ester containing nitrogen obtained as described above.  In the case of cellulose esters containing cyano groups, the affinity for dyestuffs, particularly direct dyestuffs, is further increased by subsequent treatment with an oxidizing agent, a saponifying agent, or both, whereby the cyano groups are converted into acid amide or carboxyl groups.  In an example, the cellulosic material is treated with a mixture of glacial acetic acid, the mixed anhydride of cyanacetic acid and acetic acid, and acetic anhydride, in presence of sulphuric acid.  The mixed anhydride used above may be replaced by the simple anhydride of cyanacetic acid or of aminobenzoic acid, or by the mixed anhydride of aminobenzoic acid and acetic acid.  Specifications 344,488 and 369,017 are referred to.  The Specification as open to inspection under Sect. 91 refers also to the application, in place of the organic anhydrides containing nitrogen, of the anhydrides of dicarboxylic acids, e.g. the anhydride of succinic acid or an alkyl substituted succinic acid, or of a mixed anhydride of a dicarboxylic acid and acetic acid, e.g. a mixed anhydride of malonic acid and acetic acid.  The cellulose may be replaced by "alcohols other than cellulose and also by compounds which contain an amino group in place of the alcoholic hydroxyl group."  This subject-matter does not appear in the Specification as accepted.
Patent GB-464984-A (GB)
Title: Improvements in or relating to collapsible lift gates and the like
IPC: E06B3/48
Filed: 1935-10-28
Abstract: 464,984. Lift gates. BALSHAW, W. M., JESSOP, N. C., and MORLEY, R. E. Oct. 28, 1935, No. 29664. [Class 45] A collapsable lift gate, such as described in Specification 397,546, having folding panels with curled edges which are located in channels secured to the pickets of the gate and having correspondingly curled edges, has ribs or projections arranged longitudinally of the pickets and /or channels on their abutting faces in order to prevent the channels from rocking on the pickets when the gate is operated. The ribs may be formed on the channels a as at b, Fig. 1, to make contact with the whole face of the picket c, or the channel rib may be recessed as at g, Fig. 2, to leave ribs d bearing at the edges of the face of the picket. In a modification, the picket is recessed, or both picket and channel are recessed so that contact is at the edges. The section of the channel may be modified as shown by the dotted line f. Registered Design 807,448 is referred to.
Patent GB-924157-A (GB)
Title: A grid to support packing materials in packed columns
IPC: B01D11/04
Filed: 1959-08-31
Abstract: 924,157. Gas-liquid contact columns. SOC. DES VERRERIES INDUSTRIELLES REUNIES DU LOING. Aug. 31, 1959 [Aug. 29, 1958], No. 29687/59. Class 55 (2). A grid for supporting filling bodies in a gasliquid contact column comprises a plate 2 extending across the column and having a central aperture above which is arranged an assembly comprising open-ended tubes 9 supported on a tubular T-piece 6 and providing between them annular passages for the upward flow of gas. The walls of the tubes are indented as at 12 to keep the tubes spaced apart and in the centre there is a tube 10 closed at its upper end except for perforations 11. In a modification the T-piece 6 is welded to the apertured plate 2. The grid may be made of glass.
Patent GB-1109257-A (GB)
Title: Improvements in dock levellers
IPC: B65G69/28
Filed: 1965-07-13
Abstract: 1,109,257. Loading dock. BLUE GIANT EQUIPMENT OF CANADA Ltd. 13 July, 1965 [10 Aug., 1964], No. 29739/65. Heading B8E. A loading dock has a ramp 12 with a hinged lip 13 pivoted to a supporting frame 16 by hinges 15 which also allow transverse tilting. The ramp is biased to the raised position shown by a spring-urged member 43 which engages a supporting plate 40 but is restrained by a brake mechanism 70 connected to the ramp by a cable 82. On actuation of a rod 31 the brake is released and the ramp rises under the spring action and a cam mechanism connecting the lip 13 to the ramp is released and a further spring acts to raise the lip to the inclination shown in which it is locked. Walking on the ramp will lower it on to a vehicle platform, a spring 90 attached to the remote end of the cable 82 compensating for the variations of tensions therein. If a vehicle backs into the lip 13 in the position shown, its locking mechanism is released and damage avoided.