Patent GB-343901-A (GB)
Title: Improvements in the manufacture and production of wetting, cleansing and dispersing agents
IPC: C09K23/00
Filed: 1929-08-07
Abstract: Sulphuric esters of primary hydroxy-alkylethers of aliphatic or cycloaliphatic alcohols or phenols, containing at least eight carbon atoms in the molecule but no free or combined carboxy groups or amino groups, obtained by sulphonation of the parent ethers at a temperature of 35 DEG  C. or below, are used as dispersing agents for insoluble substances and as cleansing agents. According to an example, the sulphuric acid ester of ethyleneglycolmonocresylether is obtained by treating the latter with sulphuric acid monohydrate while cooling.  It is stable to baths containing salts and alkalies and may be used in the same way as the products obtained in the examples of Specification 343,872.  The sulphuric esters or their salts may be used alone or in association with other dispersing agents, e.g. soaps, turkey-red oils, aliphatic or aromatic sulphonic acids, particularly polynuclear aromatic sulphonic acids, protective colloids, e.g. glue, gelatine or vegetable mucilages or gums, salts, e.g. soda, sodium bicarbonate, waterglass, common salt or normal or acid sodium sulphate, organic solvents, e.g. monocresylethyleneglycolether, cyclohexanol, cyclohexanone, trichlorethylene or bleaching agents, e.g. perborates, percarbonates or sodium p-toluenesulphonichloramide.ALSO:Sulphuric esters of primary hydroxyalkylethers of aliphatic or cycloaliphatic alcohols or phenols, containing at least eight carbon atoms in the molecule but no free or combined carboxy or amino group are obtained by sulphonation of the parent ethers at a temperature of 35 DEG  C. or below.  Sulphuric monohydrate may be used for the sulphonation or stronger agents such as chlorsulphonic acid or sulphur trioxide. According to an example, the sulphuric acid ester of ethyleneglycol monocresylether (prepared from ethylenechlorhydrin and sodium o-cresolate) is obtained by treating the latter with sulphuric acid monohydrate while cooling. It is stable to baths containing salts and alkalies and may be used in the same way as the products obtained in the examples of Specification 343,872.  The sulphuric esters are described as assistants in processes for the treatment of single fibres, yarns and vegetable, animal or synthetic textiles or fabrics, and in particular as wetting, emulsifying, dispersing and cleansing agents.  They, or their salts, may be used alone or in association with other emulsifying agents, e.g. soaps, turkey-red oils, aliphatic or aromatic sulphonic acids or particularly polynuclear aromatic sulphonic acids, protective colloids, e.g. glue, gelatine or vegetable mucilages or gums, salts, e.g. soda, sodium bicarbonate, waterglass, common salt or normal or acid sodium sulphate, organic solvents, e.g. monocresylethyleneglycolether, cyclohexanol, cyclohexanone, trichlorethylene or bleaching agents, e.g. perborates, percarbonates or sodium p-toluenesulphonicchloramide.  In washing processes, e.g. of wool, the sulphuric esters may be used without alkali, and they serve as emulsifying and dispersing agents in the preparation of inks, coating compositions and emulsions or oiling fabrics.  They may be added to sizes and they may be used to soften textile materials.  Organsin silk treated with a 0,5 per cent aqueous solution of one of the sulphuric esters is rendered soft to the touch and is at the same time weighted.  In the formation of metal compounds of dyestuffs upon wool, the latter is softened by addition of the esters to the treatment baths.  When dyeing mixed fabrics containing wool or silk and cotton or artificial silk, with substantive dyestuffs, dyeing of the animal fibre is prevented by the presence of the sulphuric esters, the dyeing of the cellulose or cellulose derivatives, e.g. nitrocellulose or viscose not being injuriously influenced. Valuable fulling and washing agents are obtained by mixing the esters, after or during their production, with normal or basic salts of the alkali metals, of ammonia or amines, e.g. sodium sulphate or bisulphate, carbonate, phosphate, chloride, acetate tartrate or benzoate.  Specifications 247,714, 294,572, 302,258, 303,281, 307,709, 308,824, 317,039 and 318,610, [all in Class 2 (iii), Dyes &c.], also are referred to.ALSO:Sulphuric esters of primary hydroxy alkylethers of aliphatic or cycloaliphatic alcohols or phenols, containing at least eight carbon atoms in the molecule but no free or combined carboxy groups or amino groups, obtained by sulphonation of the parent ethers at a temperature of 35 DEG  C. or below are added to sizes. According to an example, the sulphuric acid ester of ethyleneglycolmonocresylether is obtained by treating the latter with sulphuric acid monohydrate while cooling. The sulphuric esters, or their salts, may be used alone or in association with other emulsifying agents, e.g. soaps, turkey red oils, aliphatic or aromatic sulphonic acids, particularly polynuclear aromatic sulphonic acids, protective colloids, e.g. glue, gelatine or vegetable mucilages or gums, salts, e.g. soda, sodium bicarbonate, waterglass, common salt or normal or acid sodium sulphate, organic solvents, e.g. monocresylethyleneglycolether, cyclohexanol, cyclohexanone, trichlorethylene or bleaching agents, e.g. perborates, percarbonates or sodium p-toluenesulphonichloramide.