baber/WOPTO huggingface dataset:
Patent TW-202209590-A (TW)
Inventor: UZOH CYPRIAN EMEKA
IPC: H01L23/31
Filed: 2018-04-03
Abstract: Representative implementations provide techniques and systems for processing integrated circuit (IC) dies. Dies being prepared for intimate surface bonding (to other dies, to substrates, to another surface, etc.) may be processed with a minimum of handling, to prevent contamination of the surfaces or the edges of the dies. The techniques include processing dies while the dies are on a dicing sheet or other device processing film or surface. Systems include integrated cleaning components arranged to perform multiple cleaning processes simultaneously.
Patent TW-202223551-A (TW)
Inventor: MIURA TAKAO
IPC: G03F7/20
Filed: 2021-11-18
Abstract: 一種LED光源模組包括電路板；固態發光元件，其被佈置在電路板上；散熱器，其被設置為與電路板接觸且具有在形成在內部之致冷劑流動通過的通道；以及切換單元，其被配置為將通過通道的致冷劑的流動方向切換到相反方向。
Patent TW-202224466-A (TW)
Title: A wireless transmit/receive unit and a method performed thereby
Inventor: FREDA MARTINO M
IPC: H04W48/12
Filed: 2017-05-10
Abstract: Systems, methods, and instrumentalities ( e.g.  aspects of entities, interfaces and procedures in a wireless transmit/receive unit (WTRU) and/or network layers L1, L2, L3) are disclosed for low latency medium access control (MAC) protocol data unit (PDU) assembly in wireless systems, such as 5G flexible radio access technology (RAT)(5gFLEX). Latency may be reduced, for example, by WTRU determination of network transmission parameters and signaling prior to a transmission grant. A 
WTRU may receive a modulation and coding scheme (MCS), resource range, etc. prior to a grant,  e.g. , for use in future grants. Data blocks may be incrementally created/encoded prior to a grant. Data units may be segmented, assembled and multiplexed, for example, based on data block sizes that allow MAC and radio link control (RLC) processing prior to a grant. Flexible grant sizes may be provided for early generation of transport blocks before a grant. A minimum guaranteed transport block size (TBS) may be signaled to permit early generation of a MAC PDU. Transmission parameters may be selected prior to a grant, for example, using blind decoding or a DCI reception procedure.
Patent TW-202329715-A (TW)
Title: Using diversified cross-domain data operation to strengthen mobile network core equipment abnormality detection system capable of early identifying mobile core equipment with signs of faults and fault points thereof for rapidly removing faults
Inventor: RAO CHUNG-HWA
IPC: H04W24/08
Filed: 2022-01-04
Abstract: The present invention relates to using diversified cross-domain data operation to strengthen mobile network core equipment abnormality detection system, in which a network real-time database is configured to collect a plurality of cross-domain network data and a plurality of diversified data for a plurality of mobile core equipment and utilizing a data analysis module for grouping data and correlating data to remove noise; and, a machine learning module is configured to perform machine learning and/or deep learning for the cross-domain network data and diversified data after noise removal to obtain a traffic normal state model, and then comparing the current traffic of the mobile core equipment with the traffic normal state model to determine whether the traffic is normal and to notify a network management center if the abnormal traffic is discovered. The present invention employs the assistance by cross-domain data to generate multi-dimensional data analysis data and finally utilizes the machine learning technology to early identify the mobile core equipment with signs of faults and fault points thereof, so as to rapidly remove the faults.
Patent TW-202334578-A (TW)
Inventor: LEE TSUNG-KENG
IPC: F21S41/10
Filed: 2022-02-22
Abstract: The present invention relates to a structure of a bifocal lens, comprising a light receiving curve and a light emitting curve. The light receiving curve further has a plurality of light receiving regions, each of which is composed of plural light emitting surfaces, and the plurality of light receiving regions are 360-degree disposed about an axis of the lens. The best mode for this invention refers to the plural light receiving surfaces within a same light receiving region are not adjacent to one another and each of the light receiving regions has its corresponding focus. Accordingly, the light beams of various properties from plural light sources which correspond to each of the focuses on the light receiving regions are capable to project a predetermined light pattern after travelling through the bifocal lens of this invention, for purposes of warning or decoration.
Patent TW-202243706-A (TW)
Title: Virtual environment workout controls
Inventor: WATTERSON ERIC S
IPC: A63B24/00
Filed: 2022-04-06
Abstract: In one aspect of the disclosure, a method includes rendering, by a processor, a virtual environment associating, by the processor, exercise machine control signals with the virtual environment, and displaying, by the processor, the virtual environment on a video wall. The method may include receiving, by the processor, a video of a trainer on an exercise machine in front of the video wall displaying the virtual environment, wherein the exercise machine has one or more parameters which are controlled according to the exercise machine control signals associated with the virtual environment, associating, by the processor, the control signals with the video of the trainer in the virtual environment, and publishing the video with the associated control signals for use on a remote exercise machine.
Patent TW-202311455-A (TW)
Inventor: JING NAIYONG
IPC: C09D127/18
Filed: 2022-04-27
Abstract: 電子電信物品係描述為包含一層氟聚合物組成物，該氟聚合物組成物包含氟聚合物或氟聚合物摻合物，該氟聚合物或氟聚合物摻合物包含至少1wt.%且小於30wt.%之(多種)不飽和(全)氟化烷基醚之聚合單元。亦描述製造經塗佈基材之方法、一種包含氟聚合物組成物之基材，以及氟聚合物組成物。
Patent TW-202307605-A (TW)
Inventor: ZAHDEH AKRAM
IPC: B66F9/075
Filed: 2022-05-26
Abstract: 一種用來在儲存和取得系統中運輸物品的自主運輸車輛包括車架、控制器、安裝在該車架上的至少兩個被獨立驅動的驅動輪、以及至少一腳輪，其被安裝在該車架上並具有轉向(castering)輔助馬達其嚙合該至少一腳輪，用以將轉向輔助扭矩施加到該至少一腳輪，用以輔助該至少一腳輪的轉向。該控制器被可通信地連接到該轉向輔助馬達並且被建構來在該自主運輸車輛以預定的運動學狀態運動的情況下透過該至少兩個被獨立驅動的驅動輪的差動扭矩所產生的車輛偏航(vehicle yaw)和來自該轉向輔助馬達的轉向輔助扭矩的組合來實施該至少一腳輪的轉向。
Patent TW-202318534-A (TW)
Title: Semiconductor processing tool
Inventor: CHEN CHIA-CHENG
IPC: H01L21/67
Filed: 2022-05-30
Abstract: In an embodiment, a pattern transfer processing chamber includes a pattern transfer processing chamber and a loading area external to the pattern transfer processing chamber. The loading area is configured to transfer a wafer to or from the pattern transfer processing chamber. The loading area comprises a first region including a loadport, a second region including a load-lock between the first region and the pattern transfer processing chamber, and an embedded baking chamber configured to heat a patterned photoresist on the wafer.
Patent TW-202303412-A (TW)
Title: 3d object management data, computer program, and method for distributed management of 3d object
Inventor: AIZAWA TAISHI
IPC: G06F16/176
Filed: 2022-05-31
Abstract: Provided is a data structure for 3D object management data used for displaying images of 3D objects digitized from the physical solids in the real world or 3D objects created on a computer by synchronizing both the 3D objects with the real world. The data structure of the present invention is a data structure of 3D object management data, which is managed in a distributed manner by multiple computers, and is used to display images of 3D objects in synchronization with the real world. The data structure includes a registrant identification code to identify the registrant of the 3D object, an object type number to specify the type of the 3D object, an object serial number assigned to the 3D object whose type has been specified in sequential order of registration, a storage number to specify a storage means storing 3D data to specify a 3D shape of the 3D object to be registered, geodetic position data to specify a current position of the 3D object to be registered, orientation data to indicate the direction of the 3D object, and the latest updated date and time of the 3D data. The relevant 3D data is acquired from a blockchain, in which the 3D object management data is recorded, using an inputted geodetic position to generate and display relevant 3D images.
Patent TW-202311651-A (TW)
Inventor: CHAPMAN TOM
IPC: F16K31/44
Filed: 2022-06-06
Abstract: 本發明提供一種旋轉式圓盤閥，其用於控制一流體遞送系統內之流體流動。該閥可包括一閥體，其具有連接至該系統之多個埠。另外，該閥可包括安置於該閥體中之一分流器及密封總成。該密封總成包括第一及第二密封子總成。該第一子總成具有與分流器通孔開口軸向地對準之第一通孔開口。該第二子總成與該第一子總成軸向地堆疊且包括與與該等埠相關聯之閥體子腔室軸向地對準之第二通孔開口。一第一靜態密封安置於該分流器與該第一子總成之間，一第二靜態密封安置於該閥體與該第二子總成之間，且一動態密封安置於該第一子總成與該第二子總成之間。
Patent TW-202317187-A (TW)
Inventor: KEISARI YONA
IPC: A61K39/395
Filed: 2022-06-20
Abstract: A substance which regulates immune-checkpoints for use as a medicament for treatment of a tumor of a patient wherein the administration pattern of the medicament comprises administering a therapeutically effective amount of the substance to the tumor, in one or more sessions, and implanting seeds (204) carrying radium-224 in the tumor for intra-tumoral alpha-emitter radiotherapy less than two weeks from administering the substance.
Patent TW-202306999-A (TW)
Inventor: SIDHU SACHDEV
IPC: C07K16/46
Filed: 2022-06-24
Abstract: 本文係關於結合EGFR域II及/或域III之抗體。本文亦係關於結合EGFR之域II及域III的雙特異性抗體。本文亦係關於用於治療癌症之方法及用途。
Patent TW-202315859-A (TW)
Inventor: YU HUAYUN
IPC: C07C227/26
Filed: 2022-06-30
Abstract: 用於生產含氮螯合劑，如甘氨酸衍生物的反應途徑和條件，其具有減少的氨副產物。本公開特別描述了一種生產腈中間體的方法，其通過使四氨基化合物或二腈化合物與醛和氰化氫反應形成腈中間體。所述腈中間體然後可進一步加工，從而以高收率和/或高純度生產螯合劑。
Patent TW-202319334-A (TW)
Title: 氫製造結合co2捕捉的方法
Inventor: IAQUANIELLO GAETANO
IPC: C01B3/48
Filed: 2022-07-26
Abstract: 本發明係關於一種以烴饋料為起始物質進行氫製造的方法，該方法包含以下步驟：
        - 使與壓縮循環流一起添加的該烴饋料與水蒸汽反應，以獲得包含氫氣、一氧化碳及二氧化碳之氣流（合成氣）；
        - 使來自前一步驟之氣流中的一氧化碳與水蒸汽反應，以獲得富集氫氣及二氧化碳之氣流；
        - 自該經富集之氣流分離出氫氣以獲得氫氣產物流及循環流；
        - 壓縮該循環流以獲得壓縮循環流；
        - 將該壓縮循環流與該烴饋料混合；
        該方法另外包含：
        - 向使該烴饋料與水蒸汽反應的該步驟提供熱，該熱係藉由電動源獲得；
        且替代地
        - 在分離氫氣之前，自該富集氫氣及二氧化碳之氣流移除CO
         2 ；
        或
        - 在與該烴饋料混合之前，自該壓縮循環流移除CO
         2 ；
        或
        - 在分離氫氣之前自該富集氫氣及二氧化碳之氣流及在與該烴饋料混合之前自該壓縮循環流兩者移除CO
         2 。
        本發明另外係關於一種以烴饋料為起始物質進行氫製造的設備，其包含電動蒸汽重組器及至少一個佈置在該電動蒸汽重組器下游的CO
         2 捕捉系統。
Patent TW-202321435-A (TW)
Inventor: DOWDLE WILLIAM
IPC: C12N5/071
Filed: 2022-08-11
Abstract: 本文揭示經改造細胞及/或低免疫原性細胞，包括經改造細胞及/或低免疫原性幹細胞、經改造細胞及/或自其分化之低免疫原性細胞、及/或經改造細胞及/或低免疫原性CAR-T細胞(原代細胞或自經改造及/或低免疫原性幹細胞分化)，及其使用及生成之相關方法，該等方法包括一或多種MHC I類及/或MHC II類人類白血球抗原分子之可調控減少的表現及CD47之可調控的過表現。本文提供進一步展現減少的T細胞受體表現之細胞。
Patent TW-202321703-A (TW)
Inventor: KANEV STOJAN
IPC: G01R1/04
Filed: 2022-08-15
Abstract: A probe system and a machine apparatus thereof are provided. The machine apparatus can be configured for optionally carrying at least one probe assembly. The machine apparatus includes a temperature control carrier module, a machine frame structure and a temperature shielding structure. The temperature control carrier module can be configured for carrying at least one predetermined object. The machine frame structure can be configured for partially covering the temperature control carrier module, and the machine frame structure has a frame opening for exposing the temperature control carrier module. The temperature shielding structure can be disposed on the machine frame structure for partially covering the frame opening, and the temperature shielding structure has a detection opening for exposing the at least one predetermined object. The temperature shielding structure has a gas guiding channel formed thereinside for allowing a predetermined gas in the gas guiding channel.
Patent TW-202309336-A (TW)
Title: Semiconductor process equipment
Inventor: YANG HUI-PING
IPC: C23C16/52
Filed: 2022-08-16
Abstract: A semiconductor process equipment, the disclosed semiconductor process equipment includes a first chamber, a second chamber and a third chamber, wherein the first chamber and the second chamber are connected and connected; The third chamber is arranged around the second chamber, and a first cavity is formed between them. The third chamber is provided with a temperature control fluid inlet and a temperature control fluid outlet, and the first cavity is used for temperature control fluid flow to adjust the temperature of the second chamber. The above scheme can solve the problem that the strip heater in the semiconductor process equipment is difficult to be completely attached to the exposed part of the chamber, resulting in local cold spots in the chamber and the unsatisfactory insulation effect.
Patent TW-202322582-A (TW)
Inventor: STOWELL MICHAEL
IPC: H04B1/403
Filed: 2022-09-09
Abstract: 一種所揭示之空中載具包括裂環共振器(split-ring resonator或split ring resonator)，該等裂環共振器可嵌入於一材料內。每個裂環共振器可由一個三維(3D)單片碳質生長物形成且可偵測自一使用者裝置發射的一電磁聲脈波。每個裂環共振器可回應於電磁聲脈波而產生一電磁返回信號。電磁返回信號可指示在一各別裂環共振器附近之一位置處的材料之一狀態。在一些態樣中，每個裂環共振器在材料處於一第一狀態時可回應於電磁聲脈波而在一第一頻率下共振，且在材料處於一第二狀態時可回應於電磁聲脈波而在一第二頻率下共振。3D單片碳質生長物的一共振頻率可基於材料的物理特性。
Patent TW-202330925-A (TW)
Inventor: HSIEH PATRICK CHING-HO
IPC: C12N15/54
Filed: 2022-10-07
Abstract: The present invention provides a gene delivery vehicle comprising a heterologous genome capable of upregulating the expression of HMGCS2 in human heart and, in particular, in the cardiomyocyte (CM). Upregulating the expression of HMBCS2 causes a metabolic switch that facilitates CM dedifferentiation and regeneration under myocardial infarction or hypoxic conditions. The present invention also provides a method of therapy for protection and/or regeneration of the human heart and, in particular, in the CM by administration of the composition of the present invention to the patient.
Patent TW-202313368-A (TW)
Inventor: FATTOUCHE NAJE
IPC: B60B7/06
Filed: 2022-03-18
Abstract: 一種具有擴展環繞的改良式卡扣式汽車車輪罩蓋具有用於將本發明之車輪罩蓋固定至一受損製造商的車輪罩之鈎形構件。本發明之該車輪罩蓋藉由以下而進一步固定：將一張力旋轉裝置從一輪胎之反向位置插入至一製造於車輪罩蓋中的張力突片總成中，且當安裝於其上時，具有覆蓋一車輛之整個輪緣之一擴展環繞。在本發明之製造期間，在嚴格測試之後，產生個別實施例組件部分之一三維(3D)掃描成像，且將其傳送至一射出模製電腦以產生對應於本發明之各個別組件部件精確地設計之射出模具。
Patent TW-202334408-A (TW)
Title: Monooxygenase mutants for biosynthesis of 2,6-bis(hydroxymethyl)pyridine and a method for preparation of 2,6-bis(hydroxymethyl)pyridine using the said monooxygenase mutants
Inventor: PANKE SVEN
IPC: C12N9/10
Filed: 2022-12-26
Abstract: The present invention relates to the provision of an enzymatic method for the preparation of 2,6-bis(hydroxymethyl)pyridine starting from 2,6-lutidine using a mutated xylene monooxygenase enzyme, termed ppXMO, comprising a xylM subunit and a xylA subunit from  Pseudomonas putida , wherein said mutated enzymes harbor an amino acid exchange at position 116 of the amino acid 
seqeunce of XylM component. The essence of the invention is that the methionine (M) at this position is replaced with an aminoacid selected in the group consisting of asparagine (N), lysine (K), arginine (R) and glycine (G), which surprisingly results in a direct methyl hydroxylation of 6-methyl-2-pyridine methanol resulting in improved overall process yield, less side products are produced, avoidance of toxic reaction intermediates and minimizing the need for involvement of endogenous reductase enzymes as well as NADPH and its regeneration. Other enzymes related to XylM of  P. putida  harbouring the same amino acid exchange at the highly conserved region around position 116 or its equivalent also exhibit similar improved characteristics.
Patent TW-202333049-A (TW)
Inventor: GIRKAR MILIND
IPC: G06F9/302
Filed: 2017-08-09
Abstract: Disclosed embodiments relate to executing a vector-complex fused multiply-add Instruction. In one example, a method includes fetching an instruction, a format of the instruction including an opcode, a first source operand identifier, a second source operand identifier, and a destination operand identifier, wherein each of the identifiers is to identify a location storing a packed data comprising at least one complex number, decoding the instruction, retrieving data associated with the first and second source operand identifiers, and executing the decoded instruction to, for each packed data element position of the identified first and second source operands, cross-multiply the real and imaginary components to generate four products: a product of real components, a product of imaginary components, and two mixed products, to generate a complex result by summing the four products according to the instruction, and to store a result to the corresponding position of the identified destination operand.
Patent UA-37653-A (UA)
Title: Method for treating periappendiceal infiltrate in children
Filed: 2000-03-31
Abstract: The method for treating the periappendiceal infiltrate in the children comprises the regional antibiotic therapy. The daily dose of Kanamycin or Cephasolin is delivered to the infiltrate retroperitoneally via microirrigator. The invention relates to the abdominal surgery and is intended for the treatment of the periappendiceal infiltrate in the children.
Patent UA-38488-A (UA)
Title: Method for sucrose extraction in inclined screw diffusers
Filed: 2000-07-13
Abstract: The invention relates to food industry, namely to sugar beet production. The proposed method for sucrose extraction from beet pulp provides for the separation of light and heavy impurities from sugar beet and washing. The cutting of beet into chips and extraction is carried out from plates with thickness of 2 – 5 mm.
Patent UA-38513-A (UA)
Title: Hydro-pulse unit
Filed: 2000-07-17
Abstract: The hydro-pulse unit proposed has supply mains, this is connected by means of matching element to piston accumulator, dispenser and control valve connected to accumulator and control chamber of the dispenser, its input is connected to the piston accumulator, and the output – to jet-forming barrel. Additionally it has release valve, this is connected to accumulator and control valve, the controlled element of delay of release valve operation, this is placed in the line of connection of the release valve and the control valve. The piston element of the accumulator is made composite of coaxial ram and piston with possibility of axial displacement of those one with respect to another and the body of the accumulator. On the ram and in the body restrictors for piston displacement are provided.
Patent UA-60409-A (UA)
Title: A process for forming insulating articles from suspension of fibrous or granular materials in the centrifugal forces field
Inventor: BABUSHKIN VOLODYMYR IVANOVYCH
Filed: 2001-08-07
Abstract: A process for forming insulating articles from suspension of fibrous or granular materials in the centrifugal forces field comprises use of a dispersion component, water and bonding agent. The liquid sodium or potassium glass is used as bonding agent, and the flow of original raw material is influenced by the centrifugal forces field in the centrifugal apparatus and after building-up a necessary thickness and necessary mass the articles being withdrawn from the reaction volume for use.
Patent UA-49587-A (UA)
Title: Self-set adhesive composition
Inventor: SHUTENKO LEONID MYKOLAIOVYCH
Filed: 2002-01-03
Abstract: Self-set adhesive composition contains powder of polymethylmethacrylate waste, methylmethacrylate, benzoyl peroxide, dimethylaniline, waste of asbestos textile manufacture, quartz sand, polyvinylbutyral.
Patent UA-54759-A (UA)
Title: Method for treating synovitis of large joints
Inventor: HERASYMENKO SERHII IVANOVYCH
Filed: 2002-03-25
Abstract: The method for treating the synovitis of the large joints comprises the evacuation of the synovial fluid. In addition, Traumel C is injected into the joints at a dose 2.2 ml, twice a week by course #5. Such injections are supplemented with the daily low-frequency amplipulse treatment with the Traumel C ointment for 20 minutes by course #10.
Patent DO-P2006000212-A (DO)
Title: Losas con dimensiones perfeccionadas para pavimentos de calles, caminos o carreteras y metodología para determinar el diseño de dicha losa
Inventor: COVARRUBIAS TORRES JUAN PABLO
Filed: 2006-10-05
Abstract: Los sistemas tradicionales empleados hasta hoy consideran losas de dimensiones de ancho igual al ancho de una pista de rodaje y de largo igual al ancho y hasta 6 metros. Estas dimensions hacen que las cargas de los vehiculos, y especialmente los camiones de carga, se apoyen en ambos bordes simultAneamente, produciendo tensiones de tracción en la superficie de las losas cuando estas se encuentran alabeadas. La presente invención propane una losa de hormigón para realizar la pavimentación en donde el valor máximo del ancho de la losa Dx esté dado por la menor medida entre la distancia D1 de las ruedas delanteras de un camión de carga patrón o promedio y la distancia D2 de un tren de ruedas traseras del mismo camión patrón o promedio; el máximo del largo de la losa L está dado por la distancia entre ejes del camión patrón o promedio; y el espesor E estA dado por el valor de la resistencia del hormigón teniendo en cuenta las cargas de trifico, el tipo y calidad de la base, tipo de suelo. La presente invención comprende la metodologia de diseio de la mencionada losa, logrando con el ello siempre una sofa rueda, o bien, un solo tren de ruedas de un camión de carga, usado como patrón o promedio, esté tocando y apoyado sobre la losa.
Patent DO-P2009000084-A (DO)
Title: Triazoles biciclicos como moduladores de la proteina cinasa
Inventor: SMITH CHRISTOPHER RONALD
IPC: C07D487/04
Filed: 2009-04-20
Abstract: La presente invención proporciona moduladores triazoles biciclicos de la proteína cinasa, y los métodos para utilizar estos compuestos para tratar enfermedades mediadas por la actividad de la cinasa.
Patent EC-SP13012530-A (EC)
Title: Dispositivo de filtración de agua y método para su uso
Inventor: SPITTLE KEVIN S
IPC: B01D24/02
Filed: 2013-03-27
Abstract: En una realización, el dispositivo de filtración de agua incluye una primera cámara que incluye una primera pluralidad de partículas inorgánicas; y una segunda cámara en comunicación acuosa con la primera cámara. La segunda cámara incluye además una segunda pluralidad de partículas inorgánicas. En otra realización adicional, cada una de la primera y la segunda pluralidad de partículas inorgánicas se selecciona independientemente del grupo que consiste en partículas de cerámica porosa, arcilla de esmectita, perlita, vermiculita, zeolita, tierra de batanero, zeolita de tierra diatomácea y sus combinaciones. En ciertos casos, cada una de la primera y la segunda cámara incluye independientemente arena. El dispositivo de filtración de agua puede ser portátil o de un tamaño fijo para el uso comunitario.
Patent EE-200200505-A (EE)
Inventor: PINCHASIK GREGORY
IPC: A61F2/82
Filed: 2002-09-06
Abstract: A stent is made up of a plurality of adjacent stent segments (2), spaced from one another. Between each two adjacent stent segments is a detachment zone (3) that includes two articulation planes. In each articulation plane there are two connecting members (315), with the members in one articulation plane spaced from those in the other articulation plane about the circumference of the stent by from about 60 to 140 degrees from each other. Within each articulation plane, the two members ne are spaced between about 140 and 220 degrees from each other. <IMAGE>
Patent GB-189703267-A (GB)
Title: Apparatus for the Automatic Regulation of the Level of the Water Contained in Steam or other Boilers.
Inventor: PERKINS LUDLOW PATTON
Filed: 1897-02-08
Granted: 1898-01-22
Abstract: 3267. Perkins, L. P., and Buck, G. F. Feb 8. Feedwater, supplying, controlling, and heating.-W a t e r is continuously supplied to a boiler in quantity slightly in excess of its requirements. At the water level is provided an overflow pipe, through which the excess passes back to the hot-well or feedtank under the control of a steam trap which, should the water level fall, prevents the escape of steam. To prevent the loss of hot water, the feedwater is, preferably, supplied to a vessel B connected at C and D to the boiler above and below the working level E. The connection D is trapped in the manner shown from the feed-inlet F. G is the overflow pipe, shielded above by a pipe K and connected at J to a steam trap. When the feedwater is supplied direct to the boiler, the feed-pipe is led in juxtaposition to, or within or around, the overflow pipe to extract the heat from the escaping water.