baber/WOPTO huggingface dataset:
Patent GB-349470-A (GB)
Title: Process for the manufacture of valuable products from carbonaceous materials wholly or mainly consisting of hydrocarbons of aromatic nature
IPC: C07C5/10
Filed: 1930-02-26
Abstract: Carbonaceous materials, wholly or mainly consisting of aromatic hydrocarbons, are treated with hydrogen or other reducing gas at elevated temperature and pressure using as catalyst a molybdenum compound, preferably molybdenum oxide, mounted in a colloidal state upon absorption carbon or finely-divided coal. The catalyst may for example be prepared by the process described in Specification 331,199, [Class 1 (i), Chemical processes &c.], and may be activated by the addition of sulphur.  At low temperatures of about 400-450 DEG C. hydrogenated products are obtained, but at higher temperatures, e.g. 500 DEG  C., both splitting and hydrogenating take place. According to the examples: (1) a benzine boiling below 220 DEG  C. is obtained by treatment with hydrogen under pressure at 480 DEG  C. of an Edeleanu extract of a lubricating oil using the catalyst described in Specification 331,199; (2) tetrahydronaphthalene results when naphthalene is hydrogenated under pressure at 400 DEG  C. in the presence of molybdenum oxide absorbed in a colloidal state on absorption carbon; at a temperature of 460 DEG  C., a mixture of tetra- and deca-hydronaphthalenes is obtained.  Specifications 272,830, [Class 32, Distilling &c.], 322,445, 326,184, [both in Class 1 (i), Chemical processes &c.], 328,992, [Class 32, Distilling &c.], 332,944 and 338,192, [both in Class 1 (i), Chemical processes &c.], also are referred to.ALSO:Carbonaceous materials, wholly or mainly consisting of aromatic hydrocarbons, are treated with hydrogen or other reducing gas at elevated temperature and pressure using as catalyst a molybdenum compound, preferably molybdenum oxide, mounted in a colloidal state upon absorption carbon or finely-divided coal. The catalyst may, for example, be prepared by the process described in Specification 331,199, [Class 2 (iii), Dyes &c.], and may be activated by the addition of sulphur.  At low temperatures of about 400-450 DEG  C. hydrogenated products are obtained, but at higher temperatures, e.g. 500 DEG  C., both splitting and hydrogenation take place.  According to the examples, (1) a benzine boiling below 220 DEG  C. is obtained by treatment with hydrogen under pressure at 480 DEG  C. of an Edeleanu extract of a lubricating oil using the catalyst described in Specification 331,199; (2) tetrahydronaphthalene results when naphthalene is hydrogenated under pressure at 400 DEG  C. in the presence of molybdenum oxide absorbed in a colloidal state on absorption carbon; at a temperature of 460 DEG  C., a mixture of tetra- and deca-hydronaphthalenes is obtained. Specifications 272,830, [Class 32, Distilling &c.], 322,445, 326,184, [both in Class 1 (i), Chemical processes &c.], 328,992, [Class 32, Distilling &c.], 332,944, and 338,192, [both in Class 1 (i), Chemical processes &c.], also are referred to.
Patent GB-868545-A (GB)
Title: Device for measuring magnetic properties
IPC: G01R33/04
Filed: 1958-02-27
Abstract: 868,545. Magnetic tests; determining physical qualities of materials. VYZKUMNY A ZKUSEBNI LETECKY USTAV. Feb. 27, 1958 [Feb. 27, 1957], No. 6433/58. Class 37. A magnetic testing probe comprises a single core of magnetically soft material carrying a magnetizing winding and two identical pick-up windings spaced apart and connected in opposite sense, the complete probe being contained in a case of electrically conductive non-magnetic material. Fig. 7 shows an open core 1 having a primary winding 2 fed from an alternating current source 11 and two secondary windings in opposition connected to terminals 5, 6. The apparatus is shown measuring the coercive force of a ferromagnetic sheet 9. The sheet 9 is first radially magnetized by bringing one pole of a magnet into contact thus providing the flux - Hc, + Hc approximately equal to the coercive force. The probe 10 is brought into position so that the two secondary coils are linked by opposing flux. This results in an induced voltage at the frequency of the second harmonic which is fed to the amplifier detector 12 coupled to an instrument 13 which may be calibrated directly in terms of coercive force. The secondary winding may be tuned to the second harmonic by means of capacitor 14. Fig. 8 shows a method of determining the coercive force of a previously magnetized sample 15 using the demagnetizing method. The probe 10 is brought adjacent the sample 15 and at right angles to the magnetic axis so that the two secondary windings are traversed by opposing flux. The direct current in a solenoid 16 is then increased until the sample 15 is demagnetized. Reference is made to the use of the probe in the measurement of susceptibility or in the detection of flaws in material. Fig. 4 (not shown) relates to a probe having a closed circuit magnetic core.
Patent GB-608817-A (GB)
Title: Electric pulse generating circuit
IPC: H03K3/55
Filed: 1946-03-01
Abstract: 608,817. Pulse generating circuits. HAZELTINE CORPORATION. March 1, 1946, No. 6460. Convention date, March 14, 1945. [Class 40 (vi)] In a circuit for producing two or more closelyspaced pulses, two or more energy storage devices are charged, means being provided for completing discharge paths from each device through a gas-filled valve in a predetermined sequence with a time separation less than the deionization time of the gas-filled valve. Delay lines 10, 16 are normally held in a charged condition, diode 25 holding the remote terminal of line 16 at earth potential. A positive triggering pulse fires thyratron 30, the line 10 discharging into the load 36, the potential of the junction of lines 10, 16 falling nearly to earth at the mid-point of the generated pulse. As a result of this potential change, the cathode of thyratron 40 falls to a corresponding negative potential and is fired by the delayed input pulse formed by reflection down line 52, and inverted over transformer 42, the original input pulse being ineffective due to its negative polarity. A positive pulse appears at the junction of the lines and travels down line 10 to the load 36, since valve 30 has had insufficient time for deionization to be completed. The capacitors of the line 16 are made greater than those of line 10 in order to maintain the amplitudes of the pulses equal, the inductors being given correspondingly smaller values in line 16. Upon the potential of the junction of lines 10, 16 falling to earth, charging current flows through diode 26, but is limited by saturable inductor 27. After the deionization of thyratron 30 is completed, the inductor 27 saturates and the lines recharge rapidly.
Patent GB-140201-A (GB)
Title: Improvements in punches for perforating machines and appliances, and in the manufacture of said punches
IPC: B26F1/14
Filed: 1919-03-15
Abstract: 140,201. Myers & Son, M., and Myers, L. March 15, 1919. Reciprocating-punch machines. -A tubular punch A for paper and like perforating machines is made from a metal blank, and its upper end is fitted with a tightly encircling collar or cap B, also made from a metal blank. The punching-edge is blunt and preferably provided with inclined projections 5, 6 adapted to effect a gradual shearing action with a die. Specification 134,728 is referred to.
Patent GB-1114762-A (GB)
Title: Improvements relating to microwave devices
Inventor: SCOTT WILLIAM JOSEPH
IPC: G01S7/03
Filed: 1964-02-17
Abstract: 1,114,762. Waveguide switches; semiconductor devices. ASSOCIATED ELECTRICAL INDUSTRIES Ltd. 17 May, 1965 [17 Feb., 1964], No. 6494/64. Headings H1K and H1W. A device for controlling transmission through a waveguide or microwave transmission line comprises an element of semi-conducting material exhibiting relatively high resistivity and having surface layers of low conductivity and of mutually opposite type. As shown, the device comprises a stack of such elements 8. Each may consist of a wafer 1 of n type silicon having a resistivity between 50 and 5,000 # cm. Each wafer carries on one face a layer 2 of p type silicon having a resistivity of 0.01 # cm. and on the other a layer 2a of n type silicon of similar low resistivity. The outer layers are electroded with e.g. nickel layers 4a, 4b and the elements are stacked in two series combinations within iris structures 9 of rectangular waveguide 6. Electrical bias is applied across the waveguide walls and an electrode 10 arranged between the two series of elements. A bias of + 1V. causes injection of carriers into the wafers and the device becomes conductive. Microwave energy does not, however, penetrate, beyond a thin surface layer of the device and the bulk of it serves as a thermally conductive path to the waveguide walls. A bias of between -50 and -2600V is sufficient to produce a depletion layer in the device which thereupon becomes non- conductive. In an alternative application, the elements are annular in form and form a stack which fills a quarter-wave cavity arranged in the outer conductor of a co-axial line. In another arrangement, a stack of cylindrical elements is arranged in a circular waveguide or between the conductors of a co-axial line.
Patent GB-969162-A (GB)
Title: Improvements in and relating to the production of esters of unsaturated alcohols
Inventor: HAYDEN PERCY
IPC: C07C69/145
Filed: 1961-02-23
Abstract: Carboxylic acid esters of unsaturated alcohols are produced by contacting an olefinic hydrocarbon having at least one hydrogen atom on one of the carbon atoms connected by the double bond, with a palladium salt in the presence of a carboxylic acid, an anhydride corresponding to the carboxylic acid, and carboxylate ions, preferably in the presence of a redox system especially a salt, e.g. a halide of copper or iron or quinones. Olefins suitable may contain 2 to 20 carbon atoms and may be aryl substituted or cycloaliphatic olefines. The process is a modification of others of this type and includes among others identical features such as oxygen regeneration of the redox system, the use of amide, nitrile and sulphoxide solvents/diluents, alkali metal halides adjuvants and palladium halide. The examples illustrate the use of ethylene, octene-1, propylene and include comparative data to illustrate the advantages of the use of anhydride.
Patent GB-593372-A (GB)
Title: Improvements in or relating to liquid synthetic resinous adhesive compositions
IPC: C08G14/08
Filed: 1945-03-15
Abstract: A liquid adhesive is prepared by reacting under acid or alkaline conditions 1 1/2 -3 mols. of formaldehyde its polymers and/or hexamethylenetetramine in aqueous solution with 1 mol. of urea thiourea or a substituted derivative thereof until at least 1 mol. of the formaldehyde compound has combined with 1 mol. of the urea compound, continuing the reaction at a pH of 4.0-6.5 and at a temperature of at least 60 DEG  C. to a stage at which the reaction mixture is a clear syrupy liquid which remains clear on cooling, adjusting the pH of the reaction mixture to 7.0 to 7.5 removing substantially all the water contained in the reaction mixture by evaporation, preferably under reduced pressure, and adding to the reaction mixture at any stage of the process after the conclusion of the first stage a phenolic compound after which the mixture is heated.  Suitable phenolic compounds are phenol and its homologues, resorcinol or mixtures thereof or the reaction, fusible or liquid formaldehyde condensation products thereof.  If resorcinol is not employed, the quantity of phenolic compound used should be 10-100 per cent of the weight of urea compound, but if resorcinol is used, 1-40 per cent is sufficient.  Accelerators or hardening agents, e.g. phosphoric acid, zinc chloride or ammonium chloride may be added to the adhesive, or substances which yield such agents on heating, e.g. melamine hydrochloride.  Examples describe the preparation of adhesives from urea and formaldehyde with addition of a cresol cut containing 52 per cent m-cresol, a xyclenol cut boiling between 210 DEG  and 219 DEG  C. or a condensation product of formaldehyde with a commercial cresol cut (52 per cent m-cresol).
Patent GB-670686-A (GB)
Title: Improvements in and relating to nickel chromium steels
Inventor: OLIVER DONALD ARTHUR
IPC: C22C38/52
Filed: 1945-03-15
Abstract: Nickel chromium steels of the character described in the parent Specification are subjected to a heat treatment within the range 600-900 DEG C, without mechanical treatment whereby plastic deformation of the steel is effected.  The preferred steels are those which have been treated at 800 DEG C for 20 hours.  The steels may previously be subjected to the high temperature treatment described in Specification 657,021.  The steels are stated to be suitable for use at high temperature, for example as vanes and rotors for gas turbines.
Patent GB-610513-A (GB)
Title: Improvements in or relating to apparatus comprising scraper devices for moving fragmentary material
IPC: E02F3/54
Filed: 1945-03-15
Abstract: 610,513. Scraper devices for trimming material. MITCHELL, F. G. March 15, 1945, No. 6568. [Class 78 (iv)] In a winch - andscraper haulage device the winch 2, 3 is mounted so as to be angularly displaceable with respect to its support, whereby it lies square to a separate mobile tail sheave support 7 and the pull of the rope lies in the vertical plane which passes through the tail sheave 8 and the winch drum 2, 3. In the Figure, frame 4, rotatable about pivot 5 on rollers 13, carried haulage drums 2, 3 actuated by motor 16. Rope 9 passes round drums and around the tail pulley 8 positioned on car 7 and pulls scraper 11 to deposit material in hopper 12. Pulleys 18, 19, on the winch frame, guide the rope to drum 3. The pull of the rope swings the' winch round automatically to face tail pulley 8 but, alternatively, it may be handoperated or modivated by an additional motor (not shown). In another form, rollers 13 are dispensed with and the frame pivots on two central pins at top and bottom respectively.
Patent GB-845083-A (GB)
Title: Automobile generator drive
IPC: F16D45/00
Filed: 1959-02-26
Abstract: 845,083. Change-speed gear; friction clutches. WELEX Inc. Feb. 26, 1959 [March 3, 1958], No. 6682/59. Class 80 (2). [Also in Group XXXV] A vehicle dynamo 10 is driven at an increased speed at low engine speeds by means of a belt gearing which is put out of action at higher speeds by a centrifugally released clutch 52. The engine-belt 11 drives a pulley member 35 journailed by bearings 36 on the hub 34 of the dynamo pulley 33, a ball-type free-wheel clutch 38 giving a direct drive at high speeds. Two further pulleys 46, 50, belted respectively to a pulley 66 on the member 35 and the dynamo pulley 33, are journalled on an adjustable lay-shaft 28, and are coupled together at low speeds by the centrifugally released clutch 52. This produces an increased speed drive which overruns the free-wheel 38. Pulleys 33, 46 and 50, 66 are the same size so that the belts 48, 51 are of equal length. The clutch shoes 62 are carried on arcuate backing members 55 anchored by projections 56 in the housing 53 and located by springs 61. Pressure is applied by bow-springs 59 secured together with springs 61, by rivets 60. The shoes taper towards their trailing ends.
Patent GB-378812-A (GB)
Title: Winch for automatic grabs or the like
IPC: B66C3/12
Filed: 1932-03-05
Abstract: 378,812. Winches. EISENWERK (VORM. NAGEL & KAEMP) AKT.-GES., 4, Barmbeckerstrasse, Hamburg, Germany. March 5, 1932, No. 6688. Convention date, March 5, 1931. [Class 78 (v).] A winch for a double-rope grab-bucket is provided with drums g, h, Fig. 1, and motors a, i, of which the motor a drives simultaneously the two drums, and the motor i drives only the drum h and rotates therewith. The shafts e, f of the drums are driven through gears c, d by a pinion b on the shaft of the motor a. The drums g, are respectively fast and loose on their shafts. The motor i is carried by the gear d, and its shaft carries a pinion m which engages the toothed rim k of the drum h. When the motor i is without current and is braked, the drum h is coupled to its shaft, but when the motor i is running, relative movement occurs between the drum and its shaft. In a modification the motors a<1>, il are arranged within the drums g<1>, h<1>, Fig. 2. The field magnets 101, 1<1> are arranged upon the inner walls of the drums, and the armatures 103, 3<1> are mounted on the shafts 104, f<1> of which the shaft 104 is prevented from rotating and the shaft f<1> is free to rotate. A gear c<1> formed on the drum g<1> engages a gear d<1> fast on the shaft f<1>. The drums are movable axially on the shafts, and are urged by springs into engagement with braking discs 18, 118 fast on the shafts when the motors are not running. When only the motor a<1> is energized, the drums are driven simultaneously at the same speed. When only the motor i<1> is energized, only the drum h<1> is driven. When both motors are energized, the motion of the drum h<1> is the resultant of the motions imparted by the two motors.
Patent GB-249126-A (GB)
Title: Improvements in or relating to steam power plant
IPC: F01K7/22
Filed: 1925-05-28
Abstract: 249,126. International Combustion Engineering Corporation, (Assignees of Packard, E. A.). July 2, 1924, [Convention date]. Compound engines. - In a plant wherein a battery of boilers 27 supplies high pressure steam through pipes 28, 29, 30 to a turbine or engine 31, the exhaust from which is led by a pipe 9 through a superheater F and a pipe 24 to a lowpressure turbine or engine 32, there is employed a pulverized fuel furnace of the kind described in Specification 236,527, wherein the steam during superheating cools zones in the region of one or more vertical walls of the furnace. By means of a pipe 34 steam may be passed direct to the superheater from the boilers, and by means of a pipe 35 the superheater may be bypassed. Valves V are arranged as indicated. The superheater F has a pulverized fuel burning furnace. The elements 31, 32 may be high and low pressure stages of the same engine or turbine. A steam regenerative accumulator may be interposed between the high-pressure engine and the superheater, and when desired may receive steam direct from the boilers. The Specification, as open to inspection under Sect. 91 (3) (a) comprises also a modification wherein the boilers deliver steam either through the superheater or through a by-pass to a steam engine. This subject-matter does not appear in the Specification as accepted.
Patent GB-1147575-A (GB)
Title: Data storage method and apparatus
IPC: G11B20/14
Filed: 1968-02-12
Abstract: 1,147,575. Data storage. GENERAL ELECTRIC CO. 12 Feb., 1968 [28 March, 1967], No. 6761/68. Heading G4C. In a system for increasing the amount of information which can be stored and recovered from a storage medium, data is recorded by spaced marks on a recording medium, the possible mark positions being spaced closer than the permissible minimum spacing for successive marks and at least one blank mark space intervening successive marks. Each data character is expressed in a code comprising spaced marks within a unit or cell of storage medium comprising a plurality of possible mark spaces in a single data track. In a preferred embodiment (Table I, not shown) the characters correspond to binary bit pairs. Each character is allocated a unit length of track which is divided (by a timing track) into four time periods. The different possible bit pairs (01, 00, 10, 11) are recorded as one or two flux changes within respective storage units. The first time period of each unit may be left blank except that a synchronizing pulse may be added in that position if the mark spacing would otherwise exceed four periods (Table II, not shown). Such a system is self-clocking. In an alternative embodiment (Table III, not shown), the characters comprise three bit combinations and the storage units are divided into five time periods. Data storage apparatus utilizing the above preferred recording method comprises (Figs. 1-4, not shown) a 6-stage input/output register and a further 6-stage shift register B connected on the one hand for parallel transfer of 6-bit data words with register A and on the other hand to logic gating circuitry for serially generating the changes of flux required for recording the marks on a magnetic disc and for decoding the signals reproduced therefrom.
Patent GB-311493-A (GB)
Title: Improvements relating to adjustable glare visors or shields for use in connection with the windscreens of motor vehicles
IPC: B60J3/00
Filed: 1928-03-05
Abstract: 311,493. Pearce, G. H., and Jones, A. E. E. March 5, 1928. Anti-dazzle screens.-An adjustable anti-dazzle screen or visor d for the protection of vehicle drivers is hinged upon the upper rail b of the windscreen a substantially in the plane of the latter by means of one or more pivot lugs or bosses b mounted on the rail b and carrying rearwardly extending arms e adapted to be operated from the interior of the vehicle and to be securely held in any position to which they are adjusted. The visor d is preferably arranged for readv attachment to and detachment from the windscreen and is mounted in position by passing the arms e through the bosses b<1> and securing them by nuts e<5>, the inner ends of the arms then being connected by turnbuckle or similar means e<1> to further arms e<2> which are associated with quadrants f either slotted as shown, or having a number of spaced holes, and screw clamps e<3> or the like being provided for fixing purposes. Similar adjusting means may be furnished at both ends of the visor d as shown, or adjusting means may be disposed at one end only, the visor at the other end being connected to the corresponding boss b<1> by a short arm. In a modification, Fig. 5, the inner end of the arm e is connected bv a pivoted link i to a lever j pivoted to the vehicle body at j<1> by means of a self-locking hinge.
Patent GB-174537-A (GB)
Title: Improvements in or relating to means for assisting the transference of loads to and from vehicles
IPC: B60P1/64
Filed: 1921-03-01
Abstract: 174,537. Thornycroft & Co., Ltd., J. I., and Barford, V. G. March 1, 1921. Couplings for road vehicles.-A lever coupling is arranged between two vehicles or between a vehicle and a stationary loading platform so as to bring the two floors or platforms to a common level to facilitate transfer of goods, the lever coupling being hand-operated or adapted to act automatically as the vehicles approach one another. In the construction shown in Fig. 1, hand-operated levers c pivoted to the trailer b are formed with slots which engage pins e on the tractor, the levers being held down after operation by hooks g. In a modification, the slot is replaced by a hook. In the construction shown in Fig. 3, hinged links h, i on the tractor and trailer respectively are coupled as shown in dotted lines. As the vehic.es approach one another, the links automatically bring the floors to the same level. Spring abutments j limit the movement of the links and serve as buffers. In a modification, shown in Fig. 6, an independent link k with a handle may be engaged between hooks on the adjacent vehicles or platforms. In a further modification, a link engages at either or both ends telescopically with sockets having flared openings. In a further construction, pins on the vehicles engage a slot in the framework, the movement of which is restrained by spring abutments similar to those shown in Fig. 3.