baber/WOPTO huggingface dataset:
Patent GB-1122426-A (GB)
Title: A method for performing chemical reactions
Inventor: BUCKLEY JAMES WILLIAM ALEXANDE
IPC: B01J8/06
Filed: 1965-03-18
Abstract: 1,122,426. Temperature control in chemical reactors. GAS COUNCIL. 9 March, 1966 [18 March, 1965], No. 11597/65. Heading B1F. A fluid-phase chemical reactor consists of a vessel divided internally by walls of high thermal conductivity, e.g. of stainless steel, into preheating spaces 10 and reaction spaces 11 with a communicating passage between the two sets of spaces remote from the inlet 13 and an outlet header 14, the preheating spaces and the reaction spaces being in heat exchange relationship through the walls to prevent the walls reaching a temperature at which they would display catalytic activity and initiate undesirable side reactions. The walls are maintained at a temperature nearer to that obtained in the preheating spaces than in the reaction spaces by arranging that the gas velocity is higher in the preheating space than in the reaction space, employing turbulence promoters and, with the apparatus arranged for upward flow in the preheating spaces, employing a fluidised bed of inert solid material in the preheating spaces. The vessel may comprise a cylinder with an inner wall defining a central reaction space and an outer annular preheating space, as in Fig. 1 not shown. The chemical reaction may be the hydrogenation of a vaporised hydrocarbon feed stock.
Patent GB-658218-A (GB)
Title: Improvements in and relating to quartz-to-metal seal
IPC: H01J5/42
Filed: 1949-05-02
Abstract: 658,218. Quartz to metal seals. BRITISH THOMSON-HOUSTON CO., Ltd. May 2, 1949, No. 11657. Convention date, May 1, 1948. [Class 36] [Also in Group XL (a)] A metal thimble 8 having a feathered sealing edge 9 is sealed into an annular recess in a vitreous tube 14 by reducing the pressure within the tube and then heating the walls 17, 18 of the recess to cause them to collapse on to both sides of the thimble 8 and fuse to the edge 9 without deforming the thimble. The stem of an electric discharge tube may include a seal of this type. A tungsten leadin conductor 4 is passed through an aperture in the tungsten or molybdenum thimble 8 and a flanged molybdenum spacer 11 is inserted within the thimble. These three members are then brazed together, using platinum as the brazing material. A sheath 10 of molybdenum foil is then applied around the rod 4 and the thimble 8, leaving the edge 9 thereof uncovered. The assembly is then inserted in quartz tubes 14, 15, the former comprising three coaxial tubes 16, 17, 18 fused together to form an annular recess in which the edge 9 of the thimble 8 is inserted. A flare 21 at the end of tube 15 fits within the tube 18, and these two parts are fused together while a non- oxidizing atmosphere is maintained within the assembly. The assembly is then evacuated and the metal parts heated to remove any oxide that may have formed thereon. After recooling the ends of tubes 14 and 15 are sealed and the junction between tubes 17 and 18 heated to cause the quartz to collapse and fuse to the edge 9. The tubes 18, 19 are then heated and collapse on to the molybdenum foil 10, to which they do not adhere. The ends of the tubes 14, 15 are then removed, the tube 15 being severed in the middle of the bulge 22, which forms a flare for sealing to a quartz lamp envelope.
Patent GB-1248585-A (GB)
Title: Battery charging systems for road vehicles
Inventor: BERTIOLI MICHAEL MURRAY
IPC: H02J7/14
Filed: 1968-03-11
Abstract: 1,248,585. Thyristor operating circuits. JOSEPH LUCAS (INDUSTRIES) Ltd. 26 Feb., 1969 [11 March, 1968], No. 11688/68. Heading H3T. [Also in Division H2] A vehicle battery 13 is charged from an alternator 14, 15 by way of a pair of switches 16, 17 of the thyristor type which are gated by the application of negative signals to their gates. The gating signals are interrupted when the battery voltage exceeds a predetermined value at which a Zener diode 23 brakes down.
Patent GB-693693-A (GB)
Title: Improvements in and relating to the construction of houses and other buildings
IPC: E04B1/36
Filed: 1950-05-11
Abstract: 693,693. Walls; floors. BRUCE, R. Aug. 7, 1951 [May 11, 1950; Feb. 6, 1951], Nos. 11748/50 and 2877/51. Class 20(iv) In the construction of buildings, the walls are formed of rectangular concrete panels which are secured at their vertical sides to concrete columns formed of superimposed lengths which are held in vertical alignment by the panels so that a space is left between their adjoining ends, the spaces housing the ends of floor supporting beams which seat on the upper end of each lower column length. In the form shown, concrete panels 13, which are of about half storey-height, are formed with a surrounding flange 14, diagonal bracing numbers 15 and two inwardly projecting ledges 16 and 17. The panels are secured at each side to storey-high lengths cf concrete 23 by bolts 28a which pass through holes in flanges 14 and are screwed into threaded ferrules which are cast into the columns. Prestressed concrete floor beams 30 are laid with their ends on top of the column lengths at each floor level and concrete floor slabs 31 are placed side-by-side with their ends resting on the beam 30 and the ledges 16 of the panels, reinforcing rods 19 projecting up from the ledges 16 then being bent down on to the floor slabs and concrete run over the slabs and levelled to complete the floor. To form the ceilings, plaster boards 35 are nailed up against nailable concrete joists 33 which rest on the ledges 17 and straps 34 secured to the undersides of the beams 30. Cement grout or bitumen is filled into grooves in the abutting faces of the panels and columns, whilst the inner face of the wall may be lined with insulating material 37 and plaster board 40.
Patent GB-251993-A (GB)
Title: Improved manufacture of fibrous materials
IPC: D06M13/432
Filed: 1926-05-04
Abstract: 251,993. Raduner &. Co., Akt.-Ges. May 11, 1925, [Convention date]. Yarns &c., treating with liquids.-Fibrous materials are finished by means of solutions containing urea. In an example, a dressing-liquid for finishing cotton fabrics consists of starch solution to which is added urea. Urea may be added to the final bath before drying dyed vegetable or animal fibres. The treatment imparts a soft moist feel to the goods and renders them less liable to take fire.
Patent GB-309319-A (GB)
Title: Improvements relating to the production of rubber composition soles
IPC: A43B13/12
Filed: 1928-04-21
Abstract: 309,319. Conant, L. B. April 21, 1928. No Patent granted (Sealing fee not paid). Utilizing waste rubber.-Strips of suitable thickness for rubber composition soles are cut from old solid rubber tyres by slicing, and soles are die-cut lengthwise from such strips, wherebv each sole is curved from toe to heel; the soles are subsequently scoured to impart a finished surface. Excess of sulphur, if present, may be removed from the rubber by a bath in caustic.
Patent GB-341803-A (GB)
Title: Apparatus for use in planting out seed plants
IPC: A01G9/10
Filed: 1930-04-14
Abstract: 341,803. Hand tools for planting. BOERE, K., 106, Bermweg, Capelle, Holland. April 14, 1930, No. 11842. Convention date, April 17, 1929. [Class 6 (ii).] Apparatus for use in transplanting seed plants, provided with a cutter open at the lower side for cutting out a clod, together with an appliance for ejecting the clod, is furnished also with a device for pressing a hole in the clod. A sleeve 24 carrying a fixed cutter 3 is fixed to a shaft 1 provided with a handle 2. Within the sleeve 24 a pin 14 is reciprocable by means of a lever 18 pivotally connected to a supporting arm 9. The pin 14 is guided by a disc 15 and a ferrule, and carries at its lower end a mandrel 13 which presses a hole in a clod cut by the cutter. A spring 17 tends to keep the pin 14 and lever 18 in the highest position. At both sides of the sleeve guiding tubes are mounted in which rods are reciprocable, connected at their lower ends with an ejector through which the mandrel 13 can pass, and co-operating at their upper ends with a splayed lever 7. The rods and ejector are normally kept in the highest position by means of springs attached to the tubes and to the upper ends of the rods. A pedal 21 is provided.
Patent GB-780101-A (GB)
Title: Improvements in or relating to magnetic tape record carriers pressed against a magnet head by spring blades
IPC: G11B5/48
Filed: 1955-04-25
Abstract: 780,101. Magnetic recording apparatus. PHILIPS ELECTRICAL INDUSTRIES, Ltd. April 25, 1955 [April 28, 1954], No. 11869/55. Class 40 (2). A magnetic tape record carrier 1 is pressed against a magnetic head 2 by spring blades 3, 4 between which is provided vibration damping material 5, e.g. of polyvinyl chloride, to reduce vibration resonance between the carrier and felt interposed between the blades and the carrier. As shown, the blades are integral with each other, being secured to a common supporting body 6 secured to the apparatus housing (not shown), but alternatively the two blades may be secured separately to the housing or in another embodiment (not shown) may be secured together, one above the other, by an interposed vibration-damping layer.
Patent GB-1040633-A (GB)
Title: Arrangements for the production of sustained oscillations in electric circuits
IPC: H03B11/08
Filed: 1964-03-20
Abstract: 1,040,633. Cold cathode tubes. UNIVERSITY OF NEW ENGLAND. March 20, 1964 [March 20, 1963], No. 11999/64. Heading H1D. [Also in Division H3] Sustained oscillations are produced in a tuned circuit (see Division H3), by two alternately operating switches consisting of spaced electrode pairs S1, S2 in a shock tube, Figs. 8a and 8b (not shown). The electrodes are housed in a heat-resistant glass or quartz envelope S evacuated through a pump connection PC and filled with hydrogen to a pressure of 0À001 m.m. of mercury through a gas inlet GI. The electrode pairs are spaced apart by a dimension d such that the shock wave transmission time from one pair to the other corresponds to one half of the periodic time of the tuned circuit. The firing of either of the electrode pairs produces a shock wave which causes the delayed firing of the other electrode pair, reflection of shook waves from the ends of the envelope being prevented by tapering. The shock wave is initiated by passing a current between a pair of auxiliary electrodes AF, by applying a magnetic field, or by causing a mechanical shock such as that produced when an " exploding wire " is used. Alternatively hold-off spark gaps HG1, HG2 in the electrode circuits may be used to commence oscillation or a single such gap may be provided. Shaped current leads BS may be used to adjust the shock wave velocity by applying controlled " magnetic pressure."
Patent GB-658219-A (GB)
Title: Improvements in or relating to reinforced concrete railway sleepers
IPC: E01B3/36
Filed: 1949-05-06
Abstract: 658,219. Reinforced concrete sleepers. MORK, S. A. May 6, 1949, No. 12200. Addition to 638,452. [Class 104 (ii)] In a reinforced concrete sleeper of the kind divided intermediate its ends into two portions a, b which are joined together resiliently, a bar-like concrete member c of cylindrical or other shape is interposed transversely across the joined ends, which are recessed to conform with the shape and size of the interposed member and also to receive intervening pads or packing members d<1>, e<1> consisting of perforated and roughened metal plates compressed between asphalt paper or like material. The adjacent ends of the two portions of the sleeper are held together by a pair of longitudinally-extending bolts f<1>, g<1> at each side, which extend between eyebolts h<1>, j<1> and o<1>, p', of the form shown in Fig. 5, screwed into tubular sockets k moulded in position transversely across the portions a, b. Rubber washers m may be provided beneath the nuts on the longitudinal bolts. The upper bolts f are formed with a 360 degree loop intermediate their ends to increase the resilience of the joint. The rails are anchored to the sleeper by means of bolts r and x, Fig. 1, formed at their bottom ends with an angular projection or toe arranged to engage beneath a branch socket z moulded into the sleeper, as described in the parent Specification. A press bolt i is forced into the socket beside the anchoring bolt, and a cover-piece A is pressed on to the adjacent heads of the two bolts (also as in the parent Specification), to prevent relative vibration. The inner anchor bolt x is held against loosening by a screw y which passes through the head of the bolt where it overhangs the bottom flange of the rail, and abuts against the flange. A locking-nut is provided on the screw y. Lateral pressure of a train against the outer rail v is counteracted by cylindrical blocks u of rubber or similar resilient material mounted on an arm.s projecting inwardly from the top end of the relative anchor bolt r and bearing against the flange of the rail.
Patent GB-1125612-A (GB)
Title: Copolymers of unsaturated esters
Inventor: NOLAN JOHN DEVEREAUX
IPC: A61K9/20
Filed: 1965-03-23
Abstract: 1,125,612. Coatings. PERMUTIT CO. Ltd. 17 March, 1966 [23 March, 1965], No. 12309/65. Headings B2E and B2K. [Also in Division C3] Substrates are coated with paints which comprise an emulsion of a terpolymer formed from a mixture of monomers comprising vinyl acetate and lesser proportions of the vinyl esters of a mixture of branched fatty acids containing a total of nine to eleven carbon atoms and of an alkyl acrylate, a dialkyl maleate or a dialkyl fumarate. In Examples sealed hardboard panels, asbestos and cement panels, sheets of mild steel and wallpaper are coated.
Patent GB-1039470-A (GB)
Title: Method of and apparatus for exchanging heat between solid particles and gases
Inventor: ALBERTUS GUNDORPH
IPC: F28C3/16
Filed: 1962-03-22
Abstract: 1,039,470. Preheating and charging cement raw materials. F. L. SMIDTH & CO. A/S. March 11, 1963 [March 22, 1962], No. 12315/66. Divided out of 1,038,965. Heading F4B. Cement raw materials having a particle size of 50 microns or less are preheated and fed to a rotary kiln 1 by a preheater 2 in the form of a zig-zag shaft connected at the top to a cyclone separator 7 from which precipitated material is fed back into the shaft by a pipe 9 controlled by valve 10 and from which waste gases escape at 8. Raw materials supplied by screw 3 enter the shaft by pipe 4 controlled by valve 5 and the hot gases from the kiln have an average velocity substantially greater than the freesettling velocity of the particles. The amount of separated particles returned to the shaft is two to four times that of fresh particles supplied. Charge materials separating out at the bends in the preheater finally enter the kiln.
Patent GB-967856-A (GB)
Title: Improvements in disc brakes
Inventor: HAMBLING STEWART KEVERN
IPC: F16D65/14
Filed: 1960-04-07
Abstract: 967,856. Disc brakes. GIRLING Ltd. April 6, 1961 [April 7, 1960], No. 12343/60. Heading F2E. A disc brake has an annular member 10' rotatable with part of a vehicle transmission 12, gripped by simultaneous axial movement of flanges 14, 20 extending radially outwards from two concentric sleeves 15, 21 axially movable, but not rotatable, on a stationary member 17, either the flanges or the annulus carrying pads or rings of friction material. The sleeve 15 is splined to the member 17 and to the sleeve 21 and is formed with a buttress thread for the reception of a backing nut 26. Relative axial movement of the sleeves is produced by rotation of a flange 28 which is in camming roller connection with the flange 20 and has an anti-friction roller 29 between it and a ring 23 slidable on the sleeve 15. Automatic adjustment of the brake is provided by pawls 35, 36 pivoted on the flange 28 engaging teeth 38 formed on the backing nut 26, the panels being at half tooth pitch to rotate the nut on excess clearance developing, and reverse rotation of the nut being prevented by pawls 39, 41. Manual adjustment is provided by a star-wheel 42. The inner and outer sleeves 15, 21 may be moved relatively axially by toggle links, fluid pressure cylinders or coupled cams acting on flanges at the ends remote from the disc. If limited angular movement is allowed between the flange sleeves the brake will become selfservoing against the camming rollers.
Patent GB-552260-A (GB)
Title: Improvements in or relating to radio altimeters
IPC: G01S13/34
Filed: 1941-09-26
Abstract: 552,260. Radio reflection apparatus. STANDARD TELEPHONES & CABLES, Ltd., and WILLOUGHBY, E. O. Sept. 26, 1941, No. 12500. [Class 37] In apparatus for determining distance by the reflection of waves, particularly radio altimeters, by transmitting waves of cyclically varying frequency and measuring the beat frequency between the received and transmitted waves arrangements are provided for tuning the antenna circuit at each frequency throughout the frequency sweep of the transmitted waves. A thermionic valve oscillation generator is provided for producing the transmitted waves and the inter-coupled circuits of the valve and the aerial circuit are all substantially and individually tuned to each instantaneous frequency in the sweep to make these circuits particularly sensitive to the waves received after reflection. The frequency difference corresponding to the distance of the object is present in the grid or plate current and is used to operate a frequency counting device. As shown in Fig. 2 a valve oscillation generator 7 is connected to two two-wire transmission lines 8, 9 and 8, 10 connected across the grid-anode and grid-cathode terminals respectively. The line 8, 10 is connected to the aerial system 14, which serves both for transmission and reception. A trimmer condenser 19 balances the inter-electrode capacities of the valve 7. Three variable condensers 11, 12, 13 are mechanically ganged together and adjusted to give the same frequency with the associated transmission line reactances and capacities. These condensers tune respectively the grid-anode, grid-cathode, and aerial circuits. The transmission lines may be either concentric conductors or low impedance two-wire transmission lines. When using concentric transmission lines the condensers 12, 13 may be combined into a composite condenser as shown in Fig. 3. The filament supples are fed from a source S through a short concentric transmission line 10 taken out through a pair of chokes 15. To the cathode choke is connected the grid leak 16. The grid current flows through the primary 18a of a low-frequency transformer 18, the secondary 18b of which is connected to a frequency meter measuring the difference frequency between the contemporaneous transmitted wave and the received reflected wave. When used as an altimeter the transmitter-receiver may be housed in a stream-lined casing which supports the aerial. The frequency meter may be located in the body of the aeroplane and connected through a cable comprising a D.C. power line and ore capable of carrying the altitude frequency currents.
Patent GB-735517-A (GB)
Title: Improvements in or relating to a method for the recovery of insulin
Inventor: PORTER RODNEY ROBERT
IPC: C07K14/62
Filed: 1952-05-16
Abstract: A method for the recovery, assay, isolation or purification of insulin comprises effecting a countercurrent extraction or chromatographic fractionation of an insulin-containing aqueous solution or suspension with the two phases obtained from admixing water with an alkyl ether of a mono- or poly-ethylene glycol and with an inroganic salt in proportions such that each phase contains a major proportion of water together with the said alkyl ether. Preferably the system is adjusted to a pH 2 to 4 or 6 to 8.5. Specified glycol ethers are the mono- or di-ethers of mono- and di-ethylene glycols especially the methyl, ethyl, propyl and butyl ethers, and mixtures thereof.  Each phase should contain a high proportion of water whilst remaining immiscible with one another, the partition coefficient between the two phases should be of the order 5 : 1 to 20 : 1 and the solubility of the insulin in the phase of least solvent power must be at least 1 mg. per mil.  One phase may be supported on siliceous material such as kieselguhr, and where this phase is the more highly organic phase, the kieselguhr should be treated with a silane, e.g. dichloro-dimethyl silane.  The inorganic salt may be an alkali metal phosphate such as sodium dihydrogen phosphate; however, the type of salt employed is not critical and other inorganic salts, e.g. alkali metal, ammonium or magnesium sulphates or chlorides, may be used.  The two-phase system of the example is prepared from water, mono-ethyl and mono-butyl ethers of ethylene glycol (ratio of 2 : 1) and 5 molar aqueous solution of sodium dihydrogen phosphate adjusted to pH 3.0 by means of phosphoric acid.  In the case of mixtures of the ethyl and butyl ethers of ethylene glycol, the ethyl ether should not exceed 80 per cent of the mixture.
Patent GB-1427925-A (GB)
Title: Electro - optic devices
IPC: H01J29/12
Filed: 1972-03-17
Abstract: 1427925 Cathode-ray tubes NATIONAL RESEARCH DEVELOPMENT CORP 13 March 1973 [17 March 1972] 12597/73 Heading H1D [Also in Divisions H3-H5] In a display device for projecting television pictures or stored information and comprising a layer 11 of electro-optic material and an adjacent layer 12 of an electrically insulating material which becomes locally conductive when bombarded by electrons from a gun 17, means are provided for ensuring that the outer surfaces of layers 11 and 12 assume respective substantially uniform potentials. As shown, such means consist of transparent conductive layers 13, 27 of tin doped indium oxide connected to opposite poles of a D.C. source, but either or both may be replaced by an adjacent mesh co-operating with a flood electron gun and operating with high potential or cathode potential stabilization, Fig. 4 (not shown), The layer 11 is variably birefringent (ZnS, ZnSe, CdSe) so that the electrical pattern produced by the scanning of the electron beam from gun 17 can be detected by a source 21 and polarizers 28, 29. Layer 27 (or layer 13) may be reflective if polarizer 28 is also the analyser, e.g. a Glen- Thomson prism, Figs. 2 and 4 (not shown). In Fig. 2 the reflective layer is of silicon and a cubic ZnS layer 11 is grown epitaxially on to its {100} orientation. GaAs or Ge substrate may also be used. Layer 12 is of Al 2 O 3  (or SiO 2  or SiN) which exhibits a current gain effect when bombarded by electrons, and is sputtered on in a glow discharge. It is preferably not photoconductive to visible or ultra-violet light. Layer 13 is also sputtered, to a depth of less than 1 Á. The silicon may be removed and replaced by an Al reflective layer, or the layer 27 of Fig. 3. In a further embodiment, layer 11 is light scattering, e.g. lanthanum doped lead zirconate titanate (PLZT) or barium titanate, and an apertured diaphragm between lenses selectively transmits unscattered light, Figs. 5-7 (not shown). Erasure of the electrical pattern applied across layer 11 may be accomplished by doping the material to a suitable conductivity or by illuminating it with ultraviolet light to render it conductive. The UV radiation may be supplied by source 21, or by a separate controllable source for controllable image storage and erasure. Layer 11 may alternatively be photoconductive to visible light, provided that the light from the read source 21 does not induce conductivity. The light from source 21 need not be visible, a phosphor screen being provided to give a visible image.