Patent GB-405296-A (GB)
Title: Improvements in or relating to the compounding of latex and to compounded latex
IPC: C09J107/02
Filed: 1932-04-28
Abstract: Latex is stabilized by precipitating or depositing a finely divided protective substance on the rubber particles.  This can be done by forming in the latex a casein-formaldehyde condensation product or a metallic salt of tannic acid, e.g. ferrous tannate or calcium tannate.  A small amount of protective substance, 5 per cent or less of the rubber content, is sufficient to inhibit coagulation while being insufficient to prevent the latex from exhibiting essentially its normal adhesive characteristics.  The latex may be ammonia-preserved and may have all or most of the ammonia killed by formaldehyde with the formation of hexamethylenetetramine, alkalinity of the latex being maintained by the aid of another amine, e.g. mono-, di-, or triethanolamine, or triethylamine.  The stabilized latex may be used as an adhesive, e.g. in the manufacture of boots and shoes, and other substances may be added to modify its adhesive properties, e.g. karaya gum solutions, gum tragacanth solutions, ester gum emulsions, rosin dispersions, rosin oil dispersions, rosin soaps and glycerine.  In an example, to produce a casein-formaldehyde protected latex, an ammonia cut casein solution is formed by adding 50 lbs. of dry casein to 30 gallons (American measure) of cold water in a steam jacketed kettle.  When the casein is thoroughly wet, 112 fluid ozs. (American measure) of .880 ammonia is added and the mixture is heated to 160 DEG  F.  A preservative (e.g. one pound of phenol) may be added.  The solution is allowed to cool and is then made up to 50 gals. with cold water.  To 83 gals. 84 oz. of 50 per cent ammonia-preserved latex is slowly added 12 gals. 84 oz. of the casein solution and then 1 gal. 126 ozs. of commercial triethanolamine with constant stirring.  Then 1 gal. 126 ozs. of 40 per cent formaldehyde solution is added.  This amount of formaldehyde is sufficient to react with all the casein present forming a casein-formaldehyde condensation product which is apparently deposited on the rubber particles, and to react with a considerable proportion of the ammonia.  In other examples, a protecting precipitate is formed by adding tannic acid and ferrous p  sulphate, or tannic acid and calcium hydroxide to latex.  Examples are given of adhesives made by adding to the protected latex ester gum emulsion, karaya gum solution, rosin emulsion, rosin soap dispersion, flour paste, powdered rosin, casein, or mixtures of these.ALSO:Latex is stabilized by precipitating or depositing a finely divided protective substance on the rubber particles.  This can be done by forming in the latex a casein-formaldehyde condensation product or a metallic salt of tannic acid, e.g., ferrous tannate or calcium tannate.  A small amount of protective substance, 5 per cent or less of the rubber content, is sufficient to inhibit coagulation while being insufficient to prevent the latex from exhibiting essentially its normal adhesive characteristics.  The latex may be ammonia-preserved and may have all or most of the ammonia killed by formaldehyde with the formation of hexamethylenetetramine, alkalinity of the latex being maintained by the aid of another amine, e.g., mono-, di-, or triethanolamine, or triethylamine.  The stabilized latex may be used as an adhesive, e.g. in the manufacture of boots and shoes, and other substances may be added to modify its adhesive properties, e.g., karaya gum solutions, gum tragacanth solutions, ester gum emulsions, rosin dispersions, rosin oil dispersions, rosin soaps and glycerine. In an example, to produce a casein-formaldehyde protected latex, an ammonia cut casein solution is formed by adding 50 lbs of dry casein to 30 gallons (American measure) of cold water in a steam jacketed kettle.  When the casein is thoroughly wet, 112 fluid ozs (American measure) of .880 ammonia is added and the mixture is heated to 160 DEG  F.  A preservative (e.g., one pound of phenol) may be added. The solution is allowed to cool and is then made up to 50 gals with cold water.  To 83 gals 84 oz of 50 per cent. ammonia-preserved latex is slowly added 12 gals 84 oz of the casein solution and then 1 gal 126 ozs of commercial triethanolamine with constant stirring.  Then 1 gal 126 ozs of 40 per cent formaldehyde solution is added.  This amount of formaldehyde is sufficient to react with all the casein present forming a casein-formaldehyde condensation product which is apparently deposited on the rubber particles, and to react with a considerable proportion of the ammonia.  In other examples, a protecting precipitate is formed by adding tannic acid and ferrous sulphate, or tannic acid and calcium hydroxide to latex.  Examples are given of adhesives made by adding to the protected latex ester gum emulsion, karaya gum solution, rosin emulsion, rosin soap dispersion, flour paste, powdered rosin, casein, or mixtures of these.