Patent GB-1010662-A (GB)
Title: Improvements in and relating to the measurement and control of density
IPC: G01G11/00
Filed: 1962-04-18
Abstract: 1, 010, 662. Fluid pressure servomotor systems. HONEYWELL Inc. April 18, 1962 [April 18, 1961], No. 15103/62. Heading G3P. [Also in Divisions F2 and G1] An apparatus for weighing constant volumes of a flowing medium, e.g. ice cream, comprises a horizontally disposed U shaped flow tube 80 (Fig. 1) through which the medium continuously passes, the free ends of which are connected by flexible tubes one to a medium supply conduit, the other to a medium delivery conduit, and a flow tube supporting element so arranged that changes in the instantaneous weight of the medium within the tube produce corresponding changes of force on the support element, and a signal output transmitter unit 289 (Fig. 6) responsive to the force on the support element to generate a variable output signal determined by said weight. The particular embodiment relates to an ice cream packaging apparatus wherein ice cream enters conduit 23 (Fig. 1) from a freezer (not shown) to a mixer 22 where it is mixed with filtered air from a conduit 20, the mix passing therefrom through a conduit 26, flexible tube 28, to the U-tube assembly 80 then via flexible tube 124 and conduit 128 to a carton filling station. Weighing and density control operation (Figs. 1, 6, 9). The U-tube with contents is suspended at its centre of gravity from one end of a beam arm 286 of a transmitter 289 by means of flexible connection 256. The weight beam 312 of the transmitter comprises three rigid arms 286, 314, 318 and is pivotably connected to the framework 294 by a pair of cross spring pivots 320. Beam part 314 carries, in a slot therein, an adjustable pin 326 for fine adjustment, in contact with a rebalancing beam 328 pivoted to the frame by cross spring pivots 340, 342. This beam 328 is acted upon by fluid under pressure in the follow-up bellows 350 which tends to turn it counter clockwise and resist the turning moment on beam 312 of the load in the U tube section. The free end of beam arm 318 has an upstanding flapper 418 attached which is movable, by virtue of its engagement with a guide 426, toward a bleed nozzle 420 in a fluid pressure system when the beam arm 318 is tilted downwards, and away from the nozzle when the arm 318 is tilted upwards. This has the effect of varying the pressure in the system in accordance with the position of the beam312 and the density of ice cream in the U tube. The transmission or controlled pressure system is shown diagrammatically in Fig. 9. Through a pipe 440 and manifold 436 a pilot valve 438 receives air under constant pressure which is utilized in maintaining a control and transmission pressure that depends directly on the pressure in the bleed nozzle 420. The fluid pressure in the pilot valve output cham - ber is transmitted through conduit 442 to a conventional chart recording controller 444 (Fig. 1) and also through a conduit 452 to the follow up bellows 350 to rebalance the beam. An output fluid pressure control signal is transmitted through a conduit 497 (Fig. 1) from the controller 444 to a valve 14. The value of this signal at any instant will be equal to the difference in magnitude of the pressure signal sent to the recorder from the transmitter 289 and the magnitude of a second manually regulated pressure signal set by a density control knob 446. Thus the valve 14 is automatically controlled to vary the control air flow entering the ice cream, along conduits 16, 20 to the mixer 22, and thereby maintain ice cream density at a desired value. Ambient Temperature Compensation (Fig. 6). The lever arm 378 (Fig. 6) with cross spring pivot 386 has a horizontal projection 390 of an alloy having a high temperature coefficient of expansion and a strip 414 one end of which is attached to the free end of projection 390 and having a low temperature coefficient. A flexible strap 402 connects the strip 414 to beam 312. The clockwise torque on beam 312 is increased or decreased by varying the moment of lever 378 as the member 390, 414 change in relative length. Ice Cream Temperature Compensation (Fig. 4) and (Fig. 10 not shown) comprises a capillary, containing mercury or gas, part of which is a spiral which acts on lever 286 (Fig. 6) and beam 312 to apply force in a downward direction upon increase in temperature of fluid passing through conduit 26 to U tube 80. Ice Cream Pressure Compensation (Figs. 4, 12) (11, 13 not shown). A spiral 666 has its free end attached through springs 544 to an arm 536 joined by a collar to a piston rod 514 of a dash pot damper 526. The upper end of the rod is linked to the projection arm 390 (Fig. 6) and thence to beam 312. The spiral inner end is anchored to the frame and is soldered to a capillary 578 (Fig. 4). The other end of the capillary 578 enters through a wall of the conduit 128 into a passage 586 between adjacent ribs of a flexible corrugated inner tube of the conduit. Passage 586, the capilliary 578 and the spiral are filled with non compressible liquid. The capillary detects pressure increase and spiral turning communicates this to the beam system.