Patent GB-1131947-A (GB)
Title: Voice frequency transmission circuits
Inventor: JONES RALPH ARCHIBALD
IPC: H04M1/60
Filed: 1966-04-29
Abstract: 1,131,947. Directional switching. HER MAJESTY'S POSTMASTER GENERAL. 26 April, 1967 [29 April, 1966], No. 18966/66. Headings H4K and H4R. The translation circuit, Fig. 1, generates a unidirectional polarity signal from a speech signal fed to the primary TP of transformer T1 by rectifying, in the detector circuit DET, the output from secondary TSI and adding this D.C. signal to the output of secondary TS2. The output from the detector is arranged to just exceed the peak value of the signal from secondary TS2 so that the combined signal is unipolar. The circuit is applied to directional switching in two wire line repeaters, telephone conference circuits, and loud-speaking telephones. Repeater circuits.-Fig. 4 shows an arrangement for the switching of the direction of a repeater including amplifiers AG and AR in a two-wire line. Go signals are applied to the repeater via a translation circuit of the type described above, which renders the signal wholly positive going, so that it passes through diode gate DG to the go amplifier AG. The amplifier AG reverses the phase of signals in passing therethrough so that at the output the signals are wholly negative going so that gate DR blocks them from the return path amplifier and they are fed only to the line via the translation circuit UR, which removes the D.C. signal from the go signal. Return signals are rendered wholly positive in translation circuit UR, pass through gate DR and amplifier AR, and feed the line via circuit UG, being blocked from the go amplifier by gate DG due to the phase reversal in amplifier AR. The circuits including resistors RR<SP>1</SP> and RG<SP>1</SP> are provided for impedance matching. In one modification of the circuit, Fig. 5 (not shown), the amplifiers AG and AR do not produce a polarity reversal and so the translation circuits are arranged to provide opposite polarities for the go and return signals, with the gates suitably modified to allow the appropriate transmission, while in a further modification, Fig. 6 (not shown), the amplifiers AG and AR, which in the previous embodiments were D.C. amplifiers, are A.C. amplifiers and so further translation circuits are required on the output side of the amplifiers to route the signals to the line rather than to the input of the other amplifier. Telephone conference circuit is shown in Fig. 7 in which the subscriber's line is connected via a translation circuit of this invention and diode gates DI1 and DO1 to the input and output of an amplifier VTA. The translation circuit renders the speech from the line wholly negative going so that it passes through the input gate DI1 to the input of the amplifier, and in so doing blocks the gates DI2-4, connected to other line circuits L2 to 4, by putting a reverse bias on the diodes. The output from amplifier VTA feeds out over the output gates DO2 to 4 while the output gate DO1 is blocked since it is reverse biased to the extent of the signal loss in the input gate DI1 and the amplifier VTA. If the signal level on one of the other lines exceeds that on line L1 then the signal level on that line will override that on L1, cause diode DI1 to block, and the signal on the other line will seize the conference circuit. A development of this circuit is described, Fig. 8 (not shown), in which the translation circuit is modified by the provision of emitter followers on the input and output of the detector DET, and in which the output gate from the amplifier VTA uses a transistor, from the collector of which a signal is taken to the winding TS1 feeding the detector so as to apply to this winding a signal equal and opposite to that induced therein by an incoming signal fed via the amplifier output gate and the winding TS2. Loud-speaking telephone, Fig. 9, comprise a microphone amplifier MA from which one output is taken, via C11, to a detector VTDM, the D.C. output from which is added to the other output of the microphone amplifier, taken via C10, so that a unipolar signal is applied to emitter follower VT2M. The unipolar signal forward biases gate transistor TOM so that signals pass to the line via transformer T, the signal induced in winding TS1 of which is cancelled by a signal fed, via transistor VT3M, from the collector of the gate transistor TOM. In addition the unipolar signal blocks gate TIR and prevents the signal passing to the receive amplifier RA. Incoming signals to the telephone over the line are fed via a translation circuit, including an emitter follower VT1R, detector VTDR and emitter follower VT2R, to produce a unipolar signal which feeds through the gate TIR to be applied by the amplifier RA to the loud-speaker LS. In order to prevent howling the signal level at the collector of VT11 in the receive amplifier is detected, in VT13, and used to switch on transistor VT14 which shunts the microphone signal path.