Patent GB-960639-A (GB)
Title: Kaolinite pigments
IPC: C09D11/02
Filed: 1961-03-21
Abstract: Particles having an ion-exchange capacity are coated to produce pigments and fillers for the paint and ink industries by adding to an aqueous slurry of the particles a soluble compound containing a component to be applied as a coating, mixing to absorb said component on to the exchange sites and then adding to the slurry a precipitant for the component absorbed on the exchange sites to form a precipitated coating.  In the examples: (1) an aqueous slurry of kaolin is adjusted to pH 2 or lower with H2SO4 and after 15 minutes BaCO3 is added, the pH still being maintained at 2 or less.  The barium sulphate coated kaolinite particles are filtered, washed and dried at 100 DEG  C.  Kaolin slurries may be similarly treated with calcium and lead sulphates.  (2) Calcined kaolinite is coated with CaCO3 by adding CaCO3 to an acid (HCl) solution of the kaolinite, mixing and then adding Na2CO3 to reprecipitate the CaCO3.  Treatment with alkaline earth and zinc carbonates gives comparable results. (3) Calcined clay is treated with BaSO4, Al(OH)3 or CaCO3.  (4) 7% Al2(SO4)3. 18H2O is added to an aqueous slurry of barytes, the pH is adjusted to pH 8 with NH4OH and the slurry then filtered, washed, dried at 100 DEG  C. and pulverized. (5) Diatomaceous earth is treated with CaCO3 as in (2) above.  (6) AgoH is precipitated on kaolin by adding to an agitated slurry of kaolin in pH 2 HNO3; silver nitrate, followed 20 minutes later by NaOH until the AgOH precipitation is complete.  (7) Al2(SO4)3 is added to a kaolinite slurry, which is then stabilized by adding NH4OH.  The slurry is filtered, washed and dried.  (8) HCl is added to a slurry of kaolinite until the pH is 2 and then NH4OH is added.ALSO:Pigments and fillers for paints and inks are formed by coating calcined clay, kaolin, kaolinite or diatomaceous earth particles by forming an aqueous slurry of the particles and adding to said slurry a soluble compound containing a component to be applied as a coating, mixing to absorb said component on to the exchange sites, and adding to the slurry a precipitant for the component adsorbed on the exchange sites to form a precipitated coating. Kaolinite particles coated with aluminium hydroxide may be used as ink pigments and the coating may be formed either by (a) adding aluminium sulphate to a kaolinite slurry, after 30 minutes adding ammonium hydroxide until stabilization occurs at pH 7.5 --> 9 and then filtering, washing and drying the slurry and pulverizing the dried filter cake; or (b) adding hydrochloric acid to the kaolinite slurry until the pH is 2, followed by aluminium hydroxide solution until stabilization occurs at a pH of 7.5 and then processing as in (a).  For use as pigments in planographic inks 96% of the particles of the clay minerals should be less than 2 microns in average spherical diameter.  For paint pigments calcined clay may be treated with for example barium sulphate, aluminium hydroxide or calcium carbonate. In the first case a slurry of calcined clay is treated with sulphuric acid to pH 2 followed by a reactive barium compound, e.g. barium carbonate and in the last case an inorganic acid is added to the slurry of calcined clay until the pH is 2 or lower, followed by a reactive calcium compound e.g. calcium carbonate and then sodium carbonate to pH 7. Insoluble compounds can be precipitated on kaolin to impart colour and the resulting pigments may be further modified by calcination e.g. (a) a slurry of kaolin is adjusted to pH 2 or lower with sulphuric acid, the slurry is allowed to mix and then a bleaching agent e.g. sodium dithionate is added to reduce ferric iron if present, as well as ferric iron in salts that are added to the system, and finally barium carbonate, or calcium or lead carbonates, is added, the pH being maintained at 2 or less, and the treated material is filtered, washed and dried. (B) An acidified aqueous kaolin slurry is treated with CrCl3.6H2O and the pH raised to 7 with NaOH.  After filtering and washing the resulting pigment has an intense green colour.ALSO:A biocide of kaolin coated with silver oxide is prepared by forming a 30% slurry of kaolin particles in nitric acid, agitating for 2 hours, then 15.2% (based on the clay) of silver nitrate is added and after 20 minutes sodium hydroxide is added until silver hydroxide precipitation is complete.  The treated clay is washed and dried.  The silver oxide coated kaolin particles may be chemically reduced e.g. with hydroquinone, to produce particles with a metallic silver coating.