baber/WOPTO huggingface dataset:
Patent GB-386076-A (GB)
Title: An improved process for the cementation of steel and iron
IPC: C23C8/46
Filed: 1931-11-09
Abstract: Cementation of iron or steel is effected in a salt bath containing little or no cyanogen compounds and containing 8-15 per cent of an added carburizing agent consisting of animal or vegetable charcoal which has been treated to render it active and difficulty combustible.  The temperature of the cementation bath may be over 900 DEG  C.  The preparation of the charcoal may comprise (1) heating it to incandescence in a vessel having permeable walls through which oxygen is allowed to act on it; (2) granulating it and soaking it in water glass; or (3) mixing inorganic compounds in solution or colloidal form with the raw material whereby insoluble oxides are formed during carbonizing.
Patent GB-358300-A (GB)
Title: Improvements in or relating to domestic boilers, particularly washing boilers
IPC: D06F1/00
Filed: 1930-10-17
Abstract: 358,300. Washing-boilers. VERNON, Ltd., R., Fairfax House, Fulwood Place, London, and SAUNDERS, L. O., 17, Lower Teddington Road, Hampton Wick, Middlesex. Oct. 17, 1930, No. 31151. [Class 64 (i).] In a domestic boiler consisting of a container 2 provided with external conduits communicating with the interior of the container at its top and bottom and exposed to the hot gases passing up the flue space round the boiler from the gas burner 5 so that the liquid in the boiler rises up these tubes and sprays into the upper part of the boiler, the conduits are formed by members 6 of trough section fixed to the external surface of container 2, closed at top and bottom by endplates 6a and communicating with the container through openings in its wall. A false bottom 9 with holes 9a, a handle 9b, and a turn-button fixing device 11 is provided. The container 2 is flanged at the top for attachment to a ring member 3 which fits on top of the casing 1. The outlet flue 14 for combustion products also communicates with the interior of the container to carry away steam, a baffle being provided in this communication to prevent dust or dirt entering the container through it.
Patent GB-577275-A (GB)
Title: Improvements in or relating to methods and apparatus for reducing the effect of interference in the observation of signals
IPC: G01S7/292
Filed: 1939-11-30
Abstract: 577,275. Echo-sounding and distance-measuring. PERCIVAL, W. S. Nov. 30, 1939, No. 31157. [Class 118 (ii)] [Also in Groups XXXVI and XL] Interference with signals having a predetermined time relationship and recurring in a predetermined manner by undesired random signals is minimized by integrating the signals, including random signals, during spaced time intervals coinciding with the occurrences of the same portions of the signals so as to increase the ratio of the amplitude of desired to undesired signals. The invention is described in connection with apparatus for determining the distance or position of a reflecting object by the echo method using pulses of supersonic acoustic, or electromagnetic waves; it may however be used for the observation of recurrent signals of any wave form. The transmitter T sends pulses under the control of pulses generator PG1 which are also applied to one end of a delay network D1 to the other end of which are applied the echo pulses received at R. Valves V1-V4 connected at equal intervals along network D1 and operating as cathode followers, respond only to grid voltages exceeding that due to pulse generator PG1 alone. The valve at which the echo coincides with the pulse from PG1 therefore responds together with any other valve which receives a random impulse at the proper time. The voltages across the cathode resistances r1 are applied over resistances r2 to integrating condensers C2 and the condenser which has the greatest voltage indicates the time period of the echo. The voltages on the condensers may be applied to a further series of valves V<1>1 to V'4 to operate meters or relay-controlled lamps, or a cathode ray tube. For the last mentioned purpose, the condensers C2 are connected also to a delay network D2 supplied with pulses from PG2, the arrangement being such that valves V<1>1-V<1>4 pass current only on receipt of a pulse. The valve associated with the condenser C2 which has been charged up by the echo signals passes the largest current and consequently supplies a large pulse across cathode resistance r4 which is timed by a cathode ray tube the beam being deflected in one direction by a time base under the control of PG2 and in the other direction by the pulses from V<1>1-V<1>4 amplified at A.
Patent GB-384053-A (GB)
Title: Improvements in carton holders
IPC: A47G23/02
Filed: 1931-11-11
Abstract: 384,053. Cream carton &c. holders. MENCE, S. and CONSTRUCTIONAL UNITS, Ltd., 1, Oxford House, High Street, Marylebone, London. Nov. 11, 1931, No. 31206. [Classes 66 and 125 (i).] A metal, glass, porcelain, or other holder for a cream, &c. carton is provided with a fitting comprising a strip or plate 2 of similar ma. terial the lower end of which has a flange 3 taking between the bottom of the holder and the carton, the upper end having an outwardly-turned transversely curved flange 4 serving as a lifting means and also for pouring purposes. The strip may be curved longitudinally to lie away from the holder so as to grip the carton. A slot through which the carton is visible is cut in the holder.
Patent GB-428225-A (GB)
Title: Improvements in metal framework for aircraft
IPC: B64C1/00
Filed: 1933-11-09
Abstract: 428,225. Aircraft structures. A.T.S. CO., Ltd., and WYLIE, H. N., 3, Clement's Inn, Strand, London. Nov. 9,1933, No. 31234. [Class 4] In aircraft parts, such as wings, fuselages, hulls or floats, covered with metal or other rigid material, a member adapted to stiffen the covering comprises a longitudinal spaced from the covering and braced directly thereto by diagonal bracing, the widths of the longitudinal and of the bracing being less than the depth of the member. As shown the longitudinal 4 is secured to the diagonal bracing 5 which is riveted to a corrugated wing-covering 1 and is secured at one end where the covering is attached to a rib. At the other end the bracing 5 is passed round a packing block 8 attached to the side of a rib boom 2 by a screw 9. In the construction of a fuselage or hull, Fig. 3, (not shown), the longitudinal member is a continuous channel member concentric with the metal covering, and the stringers are located in the space between the covering and the channel booms.
Patent GB-204958-A (GB)
Title: Improved manufacture of ribbed metal pipes
IPC: B21C37/24
Filed: 1922-11-16
Abstract: 204,958. Schilde, P., and Boleg, A. Nov. 16, 1922. Pipes.-Ribs are fixed on the walls of pipes by expanding the metal of the rib radially inwards by revolving tools which press the rib against a flat plate, either the plate and rib or the revolving tool being adapted to rotate round the axis of the pipe. The ribs y are placed loosely on the pipe x and are in turn pushed against the face of the pipe clamping jaws a, b, which are radially movable in a head d keyed on a hollow shaft c. The metal of the rib is expanded radially inwards by a roller e. The rib and pipe may be rotated or the roller e may be mounted so as to rotate about the axis of the pipe. The roller may also be displaced radially towards the axis of the pipe. In a modification, for thinner ribs, the ribs are previously provided with annular grooves which are flattened against the face of the jaws a, b by one or more rollers mounted as in the first form.
Patent GB-760890-A (GB)
Title: Improved device for producing a room-closing air-curtain
IPC: F24F9/00
Filed: 1954-11-01
Abstract: 760,890. Air curtains. SIFRAG SPEZIALAPPARATEBAU & INGENIEURBUREAU FREI AKT.-GES. Nov. 1, 1954 [Nov. 3, 1953; July 26, 1954; July 26, 1954], No. 31544/54. Class 137  An air curtain 7, Fig. 1, which is used instead of a door to separate two rooms or provided at the entry or exit of a building such as a warehouse, has automatic means for controlling the curtain. As shown an air outlet chamber 4 having an outlet opening 5 provided with an adjustable distributer 6 is mounted above a grid 2 which is set in the floor 1 and covers an air inlet chamber 3. A fan 11 draws the air from chamber 3 through strainer 21 and delivers it to chamber 4 through heater 14 and pipe 12, the heater 14 being controlled by a device 13. A pressure gauge 10 is placed so that during normal operation the air flow passes in front of it. If, however, the air curtain 7 is deflected inwardly, the gauge 10 is affected and through control mechanism 9 and servomotor 8 the distributer 6 is tilted outwaidly to alter the direction of the air stream. A differential pressure gauge 17 having feelers 15, 16, responds to any difference of pressure between the spaces separated by the curtain 7, and causes the servomotor 18 to increase the speed of motor 19 driving fan 11 to increase the air speed and thus stabilize the curtain. In a modification the gauge 10 controls motor 19 and gauge 17 controls the distributer 6. In a further form two pressure gauges are provided combined with electric control means so that the aircurtain is always located between the gauges. The air-distributer may consists of hollow metal bodies 23, Fig. 4, each of which has a cross-section in the form of an isosceles triangle, and has a number of guide plates 27 of trapezoidal shape secured thereto. The bodies 23 are pivoted at 28 near their lower ends to an angle iron 24 and at their tops have projections 25 pivoted to an actuating rod 26. Guide plates may be provided above or below the distributer.
Patent GB-1503449-A (GB)
Title: Semiconductor components
IPC: H01L29/41
Filed: 1976-07-29
Abstract: 1503449 Semiconductor devices SIEMENS AG 29 July 1976 [1 Aug 1975] 31594/76 Heading H1K A contact pad 2 for a semiconductor device comprises a plurality of discrete elements 6, 7, 8 one of which, 8, is electrically connected, e.g. via track 3, to the semiconductor zone to which external contact is to be made and comprises a series of spaced elongate portions distributed throughout the pad. When a terminal lead, such as 5, is bonded to the pad 2 only a minor portion of the total area of the pad is thus capacitively coupled through the underlying insulating layer to the semiconductor substrate. Various pad configurations are possible, Fig. 1 showing one example.
Patent GB-303971-A (GB)
Title: Improvements in and relating to folding boxes for eggs, fruit and the like
IPC: B65D5/12
Filed: 1927-11-24
Abstract: 303,971. Kelly, R. J. Nov. 24, 1927. Folding boxes; fittings, internal. - A folding box, comprising side members or panels hinged together to fold flat and bottom and top members which can be secured to the side panels when opened out. is provided with superposed distance pieces and trays which are fitted between the top and bottom members, the distance pieces being of same collapsable form as the box body and the trays being engaged with the distance pieces. As shown the side panels a, Fig. 1, are formed from two pieces of cardboard and when opened out form an hexagonal body, the distance pieces d, Fig. 4, being similarly shaped and the tray f being of rectangular shape with double creases at the corners defining parts f<3>, which are folded up against and over the walls of the distance pieces. The top and bottom members are flanged and after the bottom c is secured in the body by rivets d, the distance pieces and trays are arranged one above the other on the bottom and the top member h is finally positioned in the body and its flanges h<1> secured thereto by rivets. The body may be of pentagonal form with one panel scored to fold in halves when the body is collapsed, and radial and other partitioning pieces may be arranged in the trays to form compartments therein.
Patent GB-301420-A (GB)
Title: An improved process for refining low temperature tar, tar oils of any origin, crude benzene and products obtained by the destructive hydrogenation of carbonaceous materials
IPC: C07C7/171
Filed: 1928-11-01
Abstract: 301,420. Hofmann, F., and Wulff, C. Nov. 29, 1927, [Convention date]. Mineral and tar oils, purifying.-Crude benzene, tar oils, low-temperature tar, and destructive-hydrogenation products are refined by adding solutions of sulphuric or phosphoric acid in oxygen-containing organic solvents such as methyl or ethyl alcohol, and separating the sludge. Successive treatments with solutions of different acids, including hydrochloric, may be given. In an example, 2,000 lb. of tar oil obtained by low-temperature carbonization are mixed with 1000 lb. of benzine and shaken with 40 lb. of concentrated hydrochloric acid. After removing sludge, the oil is treated thrice with 20 lb. of a solution of 1 lb. of sulphuric acid in 1 lb. of ethyl alcohol. The phenols are then extracted from the refined oil by treating thrice with caustic soda solution. Finally, the oil is distilled. Refining agent may be removed from the sludge by washing with water. Or 500 lb. of oil obtained by destructive-hydrogenation are treated thrice with a 50-50 mixture of phosphoric acid and alcohol, and distilled. Specifications 287,471 and 298,484 are referred to. The Specification as open to inspection under Sect. 91 (3) (a) states that products of distillation of carbonaceous materials are refined by a solution in an organic solvent of a mineral acid other than the hydrochloric referred to in Specification 298,484, and specified light oil and benzene as solvents that may be used. This subject-matter does not appear in the Specification as accepted.
Patent GB-244786-A (GB)
Title: Flying machine
IPC: B64C39/00
Filed: 1925-12-16
Abstract: 244,786. Moineau, R. J. L. Dec. 20, 1924, [Convention date]. Screw propellers. - Blades 55 are mounted on tubes 56 surrounding the radial arms of a paddle-wheel so as to form a screw propeller of variable pitch, their inclination being varied by a pedal 57 acting through cords 58.
Patent GB-1393477-A (GB)
Title: Thiazolidines as odorants and or flavourants
IPC: A23L27/27
Filed: 1973-07-04
Abstract: 1393477 Flavorant and odorant compositions L GIVAUDAN &, CIE SA 4 July 1973 [4 July 1972] 31810/73 Heading A2B A flavoring and/or odorant composition contains as an essential odour and/or flavour imparting ingredient a thiazolidine of the general formula: wherein R' represents hydrogen and R<SP>2</SP> represents an aliphatic C 2-10  hydrocarbon group (other than a C 3-6  isoalkyl group) an aliphatic C 1-10  hydrocarbon group substituted by a group X or a group R<SP>3</SP>; or, R<SP>1</SP> and R<SP>2</SP> each independantly represents an aliphatic C 1-10  hydrocarbon group, which may be substituted by a group X or a group R<SP>3</SP>; or R<SP>1</SP> and R<SP>2</SP> together represent a -(CH 2 - 4-7  group; and R<SP>3</SP> represents an araliphatic C 7-10  hydrocarbon group a 5 or 6 membered unsaturated heterocyclic group, a dioxolane group which may be substituted or a group -COOR<SP>4</SP>; X represents an oxo group which may be ketalised or a group -COOR<SP>4</SP>, -SR<SP>5</SP>, or OR<SP>5</SP>, R<SP>4</SP> represents a C 1-6  alkyl group, and R<SP>5</SP> represents a hydrogen atom or a C 1-6  alkyl or C 1-6  acyl group. Examples relate to smoke, liquorice, hazelnut and bean aromas.
Patent GB-159685-A (GB)
Title: Improvements relating to fishing reels
IPC: A01K89/015
Filed: 1919-12-19
Abstract: 159,685. Baker, M. F., and Baker & Sons, Ltd., F. Dec. 19, 1919. Reels and winches, rod.-A fishing-reel comprises a cage 1, provided with a slotted tubular spindle 2, carrying a drum 3 and containing an internally-screwed nut 5, having projections 6 engaging slots 4 in the spindle. A coiled spring 8 is disposed between the nut 5 and a flange 7 on the spindle. A screw bolt 9 engages the nut 5 so that this is moved axially, on turning the bolt, to compress the spring and cause the head 10 of the bolt, or a washer 11 connected to the head by means of screws 12 engaging a flange 13 to bear against and exert a braking effect on the face of the drum.
Patent GB-173137-A (GB)
Title: Improvements in inner tubes for pneumatic tires
IPC: B60C5/04
Filed: 1920-11-11
Abstract: 173,137. Shaw, A. B. Nov. 11, 1920. Air-tubes.-An air-tube in which the rubber is in compression when inflated within an outer cover, is formed with cup-shaped depressions 11 with polygonal contacting sides 12. Smaller concaved depressions 16 extend from each side 12 to the centres of the cups 11. Specification 114,769 is referred to.
Patent GB-1118695-A (GB)
Title: Process for the production of water-soluble polyurethanes
Inventor: ZIEMANN HEINZ
IPC: C08L75/00
Filed: 1966-07-15
Abstract: Water-soluble polyurethanes are prepared by reacting water-soluble di- or higher functional chloroformic acid esters with di- or higher valent amines dissolved in water.  The preferred chloroformic acid esters are those of the formula Y-[(CH2CH2O)xCOCl]z wherein Y is oxygen, sulphur or the radical of an at least divalent compound capable of being hydroxyethylated, Z is an integer of at least 2 and X is an integer, but the values of X in any of the Z radicals may be different.  The chloroformic acid esters are suitably dissolved in organic solvents miscible with water and added to the amines dissolved in water, preferably in the presence of an acid-binding agent.  Numerous amines are listed, those exemplified being ethylene diamine, hexamethylene diamine, diethylene triamine, triethylene tetramine, tetraethylene pentamine and 2,4-diamino-benzene(1)-sulphonic acid.
Patent GB-655045-A (GB)
Title: Improvements in aerial systems
Inventor: CARY REX HENRY JOHN
IPC: H01Q13/16
Filed: 1947-12-04
Abstract: 655,045. Aerials. MINISTER OF SUPPLY. Dec. 4, 1947, No. 32028. [Class 40 (vii)] A slot aerial formed in a substantially plane metallic sheet and having a total length of the order of a half-wavelength at the operating frequency is folded to have any of the forms shown in Figs. 1 to 5, and is totally enclosed within an area having no dimension substantially greater than a quarterwavelength. The slots are normally backed by cavity resonators and may be fed by probes mounted therein. Alternatively they may be fed by two-wire feeders connected to the points X-X which are so chosen that the slots present a substantially resistive impedance thereat. The aerial illustrated in Fig. 1 may be arranged to have a substantially omni-directional polar diagram, instead of the usual figure-eight diagram associated with a slot aerial. In the arrangement shown in Fig. 5, the end portion of the slot may be made adjustable in length for tuning purposes. The slot aerials are stated to have wide-band properties and to be particularly applicable to use on high-speed aircraft, the slots being formed in the skin of the aircraft and sealed with a suitable dielectric material.
Patent GB-635228-A (GB)
Title: Radio receiver tone control
IPC: H03G5/08
Filed: 1946-10-29
Abstract: 635,228. Valve amplifying circuits. STANDARD TELEPHONES & CABLES, Ltd. Oct. 29, 1946, No. 32043. Convention date, Nov. 3, 1945. [Class 40 (vi)] In an audio-frequency amplifier having a frequency dependent negative feedback connection, a single tone control is provided which simultaneously with increase in the feedback voltages at low frequencies also increases the amplification in the amplifier at high frequencies. As shown, a fixed potentiometer 10, 11 and a condenser 12 are connected in series across the secondary of the output transformer 8, and a negative feedback connection is provided from the junction of resistors 10 and 11 through the gain control 5 to the input of the amplifier. The feedback voltage is reduced at low and high audio-frequencies by means of series condenser 12 and shunt condenser 14 respectively. This effect may be varied by means of the tone control 15, one side of which is connected to condenser 12, and the other through condenser 16 to the anode of the input valve V1, the moving contact being connected to the other side of condenser 12 and to earth. With the moving contact of the tone control at X, condenser 12 is short-circuited and the feedback at low freqencies increased, and in addition the effect of condenser 16 is decreased, thus increasing the high frequency amplification. With the moving contact at Y the shortcircuit is removed from the condenser 12, the feedback at low frequencies is decreased, and condenser 16 is connected direct to earth, causing a decrease in the high frequency amplification.
Patent GB-821007-A (GB)
Title: Process for manufacturing jet and turbine fuels
IPC: C10G47/00
Filed: 1957-10-15
Abstract: A process for manufacturing fuel for jet and turbine engines comprises contacting a stream of hydrocarbon oil boiling to the extent of more than 90% above 288 DEG  C. with a hydrogenation catalyst having cracking activity in a reaction zone in the presence of a stream of hydrogen flowing at a rate in excess of 400 standard litres per litre of oil charge at a temperature of at least 370 DEG C. and not exceeding 448 DEG  C. when said hydrocarbon oil stream comprises residual petroleum oil, and not exceeding 538 DEG  C. when said hydrocarbon oil stream is a distillate oil, at a pressure in excess of 68 atmospheres, and at an oil space velocity at which a normally liquid conversion product is formed in an amount of from 100% to 102.7% by volume of the oil charge, subjecting the effluent of the reaction zone to fractionation, and recovering a hydrocarbon oil fraction boiling in the range of 93-288 DEG  C.  The catalyst may be platinum, palladium, vanadium, chromium, cobalt, molybdenum, manganese, tungsten, iron, nickel, rhenium, ruthenium, uranium, zinc, cadmium, or niobium; or a metal combination such as copper-chromium, zinc-molybdenum, zinc-tungsten, zinc-cobalt, cadmium-molybdenum, cadmium-tungsten, cadmium-chromium, cadmium-cobalt, tin-chromium, tin-molybdenum, tin-tungsten, zinc-manganese, nickel-silver, cobalt-silver, or copper-chromium-barium.  These catalysts may be in the form of the metal, an alloy, a complex, or an oxide, sulphide or halide.  The catalysts are supported on silica, alumina, zirconia, magnesia, thoria, boria or carbon, and they may be in the form of kieselguhr, diatomaceous earth, bauxite or clay.  In a typical example, a Pennylsvania residuum stock boiling substantially above 493 DEG  C. was contacted at 424 DEG  C. and a pressure of 99 atmospheres with platinum supported on alumina, hydrogen being circulated at 572 litres per hour.  The product amounts to 102.5 volume per cent of the oil charge and may be fractionated to give 204% boiling in the jet and turbine fuse range of 93-288 DEG  C.
Patent GB-302483-A (GB)
Title: Improvements in the construction of dynamo electric machines
IPC: H02K3/487
Filed: 1927-11-29
Abstract: 302,483. English Electric Co., Ltd., Ball, R. D., and Brown, H. A. Nov. 29, 1927. Armatures and field magnets, cooling; conductors.-In a dynamo-electric machine having slotclosing wedges with ventilation-assisting angularly disposed surfaces at the places where they cross the radial ventilating ducts, the wedges are of substantially triangular cross-section throughout their length and the slot mouth is shaped to fit and support the wedge. As shown applied to a stator, Fig. 1, the portion of the wedge 5 near the air-gap is cut away at the ventilating ducts so as to leave a portion 6 having a radial face whereby the air thrown outwards by the rotor is deflected into a radial direction. In a modification, Fig. 2, the slot shape is such that the wedge 5 has the same section throughout, and is retained in position by small projecting ribs engaging in recesses 8 cut in the radial sides of the slot 3. At the ventilating ducts the projecting ribs are removed so as to leave smooth radial faces. The rotor may be provided with a set of wedges similar to those of the stator but arranged universally.