baber/WOPTO huggingface dataset:
Patent GB-392214-A (GB)
Title: Improvements in or relating to the manufacture of carbon dioxide
IPC: C01B32/50
Filed: 1931-11-11
Abstract: Carbon dioxide is purified by compressing the gas to a pressure insufficient to liquefy it, cooling the compressed gas to separate most of the moisture therefrom, passing the gas through a solid porous adsorbent material thereby extracting the remaining moisture and other impurities, if necessary further cooling the gas to a temperature sufficient to prevent the decomposition of any oil which may be introduced therein during the subsequent pressure treatment, compressing the gas to a higher pressure but insufficient to liquefy it, and finally filtering the compressed gas through a filter material to extract the oil introduced into the gas during the preceding pressure step.  The solid porous adsorbent material may be a gel such as silica, alumina, tungstia, stannia or titania.  The filter material may be cotton, silica gel or activated carbon.  The first or second cooling steps may be effected by expanding liquid carbon dioxide into the compressed gas.  The adsorbent may be cooled during the process and may be revivified when necessary by hot gases or steam.  The purified carbon dioxide may be subsequently liquefied. The process may be employed in conjunction with a three-stage compression of the gas with interstage cooling thereof, the adsorbing material being disposed between the second and third stages and the filter material after the third stage.  Moisture is then separated from the gas by the cooler between the first and second stages and also by a cooler located after the second stage but prior to the adsorbing material.  The carbon then passes through the third stage, a cooler, and the filter material and finally is liquefied, a portion of the liquefied gas being returned to the process either just prior to the adsorber or just prior to the third stage compression.  The adsorbing material may also be disposed between the first and second stages.
Patent GB-453681-A (GB)
Title: Improvements in mine cooling by compression and expansion of air
IPC: E21F3/00
Filed: 1935-11-13
Abstract: 453,681. Refrigerating; cooling air in mines. MAUSS, W., 158, End Street, Doornfontein, Johannesburg, South Africa. Nov. 13, 1935, No. 31373. [Class 29] Cold air systems.- In a system for supplying cold air to mine workings a part of the compressed-air from a plant 21, 20 at the surface, delivered for power purposes through a main 11, is expanded in stage expansion motors 22, 26 serving to drive a compressor 5 of a local cooling plant for the atmosphere at the working faces, the heat of compression of the local air being removed by a cooler 15, after which this cooled air is mixed at 19 with the surface compressed air and expanded with it, the coldexpanded mixture being discharged at 27 to the mine atmosphere. Moisture from the mine air is condensed out during the expansion and collected in a separator 23, from which it is supplied to the cooler 15. The cooler 15 constitutes a steam generator, supplied with make-up water from a supply 25, and the compressor 5 is provided with a water jacket 12 connected with the water space 14 of the steam generator. The steam is led away at 16 to an upcast shaft 17, thus eliminating moisture from the atmosphere at the working faces. The local plant may be mounted on a trolley 29 on a mine track 30.
Patent GB-886078-A (GB)
Title: Improved speedometer
IPC: G01P3/495
Filed: 1959-09-15
Abstract: 886,078. Eddy-current speedometers. GENERAL MOTORS CORPORATION. Sept. 15, 1959 [Nov. 10, 1958], No. 31394/59. Class 106 (3). In an eddy-current drag-type speedometer comprising a U-shaped permanent magnet 18 rotatable, by the input shaft, within an aluminium, copper, silver or gold drag cup 56, a magnetic field element 84 is secured to the cup and extends over the outer wall thereof and radially inwards over the cup-base into a recess 74 at 88. The axial magnetic field thereby produced across the air-gap 82 holds the drag-cup spindle 28 against its thrust bearing 24 in the magnet 18. The spindle 28 is biased by a spiral spring 62 to a zero-position determined by stop elements 68, 70 and drives a pointer 52 mounted outside the casing 10 over a dial 46. The input shaft also drives an odometer through shafts 32, 34.
Patent GB-266487-A (GB)
Title: Improvements in furnaces
IPC: F23D14/00
Filed: 1925-12-12
Abstract: 266,487. Radiation, Ltd., Brayshaw, S. N., and Brayshaw, E. R. Dec. 12, 1925. Gaseous-fuel furnaces; regenerators. - A gasfired furnace of the construction described in Specification 119,553, in which inlet pipes E for gas or air are placed in regenerative chambers D within the wall of the furnace, has a short, loose renewable length of metal pipe F placed over the gas or air inlet pipe, or both, at the lower end to protect the pipe from the hot products of combustion as they issue from the furnace chamber C. As shown the inlet pipe E is for gas under pressure and fits into a cast iron nozzle e extending down into a horizontal combustion chamber A beneath the furnace chamber C. Air is admitted at a<1> and the flame passes through and around a mixer or deflector G of Venturi form and impinges beneath the furnace floor, causing it to become incandescent. The products of combustion pass through a passage d to the regenerative chamber D. When the inlet pipe E supplies air under pressure a gas inlet nozzle may be fitted between the nozzle e and the deflector G or in the interior of the deflector, the gas pipe either entering the chamber A through the end horizontally or passing through the recuperative chamber D. The deflector G may comprise an upwardly inclined tube with straight sides, or a wedge-shaped block of firebrick.
Patent GB-991523-A (GB)
Title: Production of hydrogen-containing gases particularly useful for ammonia synthesis
Inventor: QUARTULLI ORLANDO JOSEPH
IPC: C01B3/38
Filed: 1963-08-08
Abstract: A method for producing a hydrogen-containing gas comprises contacting a vaporized hydrocarbon with steam over a reforming catalyst in a first, indirectly heated, zone; contacting the effluent from this zone with steam and an oxygen-containing gas, e.g. air or oxygen, over a reforming catalyst in a second, unheated, zone; and cooling the effluent from the second zone by the heat exchange, preferably indirect, with effluent from the first zone. The first zone may thus be operated at lower temperatures, 1300 DEG  to 1600 DEG  F., and higher pressures, e.g. 175 to 700 p.s.i.g.  The heat exchanger may comprise a bed of reforming catalyst surrounding tubes through which the second effluent is passed.  Separate preheating sections may be provided in the first zone for the hydrocarbon and steam delivered to the zone, and for the air delivered to the second zone, and for the first effluent prior to its delivery to the heat exchanger. Preferred temperatures, pressures, residence times, steam-carbon ratios (in the first zone), steam and oxygen supply proportions (in the second zone) and preheat temperatures are given.  Specific catalysts are nickel, nickel oxide, cobalt oxide, chromia and molybdenum oxide. A specific example of the process is given.ALSO:A method for producing a hydrogen-containing gas comprises contacting a vaporized hydrocarbon with steam over a reforming catalyst in a first, indirectly heated, zone; contacting the effluent from this zone with steam and an oxygen-containing gas, e.g. air or oxygen, over a reforming catalyst in a second, unheated, zone; and cooling the effluent from the second zone by heat exchange, preferably indirect, with effluent from the first zone.  The first zone may thus be operated at lower temperatures, e.g. 1300 DEG  to 1600 DEG  F., and higher pressures, e.g. 175 to 700 p.s.i.g.  The heat exchanger may comprise a bed of reforming catalyst surrounding tubes through which the second effluent is passed.  Separate preheating sections may be provided in the first zone for the hydrocarbon and steam delivered to the zone, and for the air delivered to the second zone, and for the first effluent prior to its delivery to the heat exchanger.  Preferred temperatures, pressures, residence times, steam-carbon ratios (in the first zone), steam and oxygen supply proportions (in the second zone) and preheat temperatures are given. Specific catalysts are nickel, nickel oxide, cobalt oxide, chromia and molybdenum oxide.  A specific example of the process is given.
Patent GB-485294-A (GB)
Title: Improvements in and relating to devices for securing glass panes in window frames and the like
IPC: E06B3/58
Filed: 1936-11-17
Abstract: 485,294. Glazing. MACKENZIE, K. D., and MARCHBANK, J. Nov. 17, 1936, No. 31415. [Class 20 (iii)] The glazing beads of windows and the like are united and secured. by channelshaped. corner pieces having horizontal and vertical limbs 6, 7, of which the corresponding side flanges are integral. The corner pieces are nailed to the beads and may be secured by nailing the beads to the frame or by double channel strips 15 engaging an outer stop-bead of the frame and projecting beneaththeinnerflange 9 of the corner piece which is of less depth than the outer one. The corner piece may have a rounded inner surface 10, Fig. 2, and a square corner fitting the frame. The beads may be held at positions intermediate to the corners by clips such as shown in Fig. 7, for double-glazed sashes, in which form sockets 23, 231, 25 and 25<1> are engaged in apertures in the fiat sash-bar from each of the triple-channel clips 221, 24<1>, the outer channels of which embrace and retain the beads.
Patent GB-998618-A (GB)
Title: Acoustic impulse source
IPC: G10K9/06
Filed: 1963-08-08
Abstract: 998,618. Seismic surveying. SHELL INTERNATIONALE RESEARCH MAATSCHAPPIJ N.V. Aug. 8, 1963 [Aug, 10, 1962], No. 31429/63. Heading H4D. Apparatus for producing acoustic energy pulses for use in seismic surveying comprises a relatively thin but a really extensive chamber formed by a non-deformable member and one or more vibratable diaphragms together with first conduit means for introducing an explosive medium into the chamber, ignition means for exploding such medium in the chamber and second conduit means for exhausting the expended explosive medium therefrom. In one embodiment (Figs. 2 and 4) the chamber comprises the spiral groove between a non-deformable plate 17, in which it is formed, and a flexible rim clamped diaphragm 25 the explosive medium (preferably consisting of an oxyacetylene gas mixture) being introduced at the centre 21 of the spiral by means of a valve 19 detailed in Fig. 10, not shown), ignited by spark-plug means 24 and then exhausted from point 22 via conduit 14. Instead of a flexible diaphragm a rigid diaphragm resiliently rim clamped may be employed (Fig. 3, not shown) and instead of forming the groove as a true spiral a plurality of concentric but incomplete circular grooves connected by short straight grooves may be employed (Fig. 5, not shown). In a further embodiment (Figs. 6 and 7) the chamber is formed as a sinuous opening 36 in the non-deformable plate 35, both sides of which are sealed by resiliently rim clamped diaphragms 46, 47 and two spark-plugs 45 are provided for ignition of the gas mixture which enters via conduit 41 and is exhausted via conduit 42. Figs. 8 and 9 show another embodiment in which the chamber comprising a relatively broad spiral 56 sealed by a resiliently rim clamped diaphragm 64 is provided with a detonation passage 58 for ignition of the gas mixture, entering via conduit 57, by a sparkplug 62. The Specification refers to the problem of erratic burning of the gas mixture which results in indefiniteness of the time, after ignition, when the acoustic energy pulse occurs and states that by controlling the geometry of the area near the point of ignition the required conditions of temperature and pressure for detonation can be quickly established near such point. In one application of the invention to seismic surveying of water covered areas the acoustic energy source of the invention is supported below the surface of the water with the exhaust conduit 14 (see Fig. 1) extending above such surface to avoid spurious operation by bubbles. The gas valve 19 (Fig. 1) is controlled by a servomotor 97 from a seismic recorder inserted in the vessel 10 so that the instant of Occurrence of the acoustic pulse is indicated on the recorder on which reflected signals received by seismic detector 15 are also recorded. The invention may also be employed as a source of acoustic energy in the seismic surveying of land areas, in bore-hole operations, in fathometer apparatus or in sounding devices for submarine detection.
Patent GB-1022987-A (GB)
Title: Pocket saw
IPC: B23D57/00
Filed: 1964-08-04
Abstract: 1,022,987. Sawing. S. A. TUBEST. Aug. 4, 1964 [Aug. 2, 1963; Sept. 10, 1963; March 25, 1961; July 23, 1964], No. 31439/64. Heading B5L. A pocket saw comprises a flexible filiform blade having a gripping device at each of its extremities, at least one of the gripping devices consisting of a case for receiving the blade when wound in inoperative position. The case 4, Fig. 1, may support a freely-rotatable drum to which one end of the blade 1 is attached, the other end of the blade being secured to a ring 2 forming the second gripping device. An insert 6 having flared ends may facilitate guiding of the blade through the case and the blade may be withdrawn into the case by a spring 5 or a handle attached to the shaft of the drum. The blade may be maintained in its extended position by a slider 7, Fig. 2 (not shown), which is movable on the case to engage the teeth of the blade or by a device engaging a winder or gears for rotating the drum. In another embodiment, the case consists of an inner drum 103, Fig. 4, rotatable in an outer part 104. The drum is formed with a groove for receiving the blade 101 which is secured at one end by a pin 106 to the drum. The outer part 104 has a tangential slot for the passage of the blade, the other end of which is secured to a second gripping device consisting of a bar 102 having a hook 115 for receiving a swivel 118 on the end of the blade, a spring-urged washer 116 releasably maintaining the swivel on the hook. The outer part 104 is formed with a handle 127 and is provided with springs for engaging a peripheral groove in the drum which is thereby retained in the outer part. The inner drum has a pair of spacers 108, 109 defining a space for the bar 102 (shown dotted) when the blade is wound about the drum, a cut-out 113 in the spacer 109 receiving part of the hook. In a further embodiment, the case 202, Fig. 7 (not shown), is of moulded plastic and has a space 204 to form a handle 208, and has two outer layers joined by a centre portion to form a groove of varying depth in the periphery. One extremity of the blade is secured to the case by a screw 216 and the other extremity is secured to a hook 219 on a bar 203 forming the second gripping device. When the blade is wound in the groove, the bar can be engaged in notches 212 in projections 211 of the case. In another embodiment, the blade 301, Fig. 9 (not shown), secured at each extremity to screws 305 in cases A, B, each of which is in the form of a handle having a peripheral groove 308. The handles are formed with interengaging projections 309 and recesses whereby they are releasably retained together when the blade is wound around the handles.
Patent GB-1485615-A (GB)
Title: Method of producing resin solutions for lacquers
IPC: C08G73/16
Filed: 1976-07-28
Abstract: An aqueous thermosetting lacquer is prepared by producing short-chain adducts under esterification conditions from dibasic carboxylic acids or their reactive derivatives and dihydric or polyhydric alcohols, which are employed in a stoichiometric excess. These adducts are reacted with diamines and with tribasic carboxylic acids capable of imide group formation, or the reactive derivative of these acids, if appropriate with further addition of dihydric or polyhydric alcohols. The diamines are employed in a stoichiometric amount of 5 to 95%, based on the carboxyl groups required for the imide group formation. To achieve solubility in water, the product obtained is neutralized with ammonia or organic amines. The lacquer is then adjusted to processing conditions by addition of water, water-compatible solvents and lacquer auxiliaries. The lacquer obtained by this process may be used as a wire lacquer.
Patent GB-290647-A (GB)
Title: Improved manufacture of nickel and nickel alloys
IPC: C22B9/00
Filed: 1927-11-24
Abstract: 290,647. International Nickel Co., (Assignees of Merica, P. D., and Kayes, A. E.). May 19, 1927, [Convention date]. - Electrodes.-The invention relates to the production of carbon and gas free nickel adapted for nickel-plating anodes. Nickel-containing metal is melted and by the addition of nickel oxide or other method, any carbon is completely oxidized and carbon monoxide boiled out of the metal. The nickel oxide is then reduced by a deodorizer which does not form gaseous oxides, such as silicon. Manganese is added, if necessary, and the usual magnesium treatment may follow, after which the metal is cast into ingots or sand castings. This process may be carried out in open hearths, acid, basic, converter, or electric furnaces. As carbon and its oxidation products are completely removed, there is no possibility of carbon monoxide gas inclusions and as the bath is in a highly oxidized state prior to deoxidizing no appreciable quantities of reduced gases, such as hydrogen or hydrocarbons, are present in the metal. As the deoxidizer should pass into the slag, it should be added in the furnace or partly in the furnace and partly in the ladle. For example, silicon may be added to the metal in the furnace ten to fifteen minutes before tapping, 0.10 per cent to 0.50 per cent of silicon may be added, 0.03 per cent to 0.30 per cent or more of silicon may remain in the nickel. Specification 265.213, [Class 82 (i), Metals, Extracting &c.], is referred to.
Patent GB-536653-A (GB)
Title: Improvements in methods of producing powder consisting of particles all approximately of a predetermined size
IPC: C22C1/04
Filed: 1939-12-07
Abstract: 536,653. Grinding, crushing, etc.; refractory substances ; rendering plastic compositions porous ; obtaining coherent masses from metal powders; porous metal bodies. GENERAL ELECTRIC CO., Ltd., and PIRANI, M. Dec. 7, 1939, No. 31721. [Classes 59 and 82 (i)] [Also in Groups V and XXII] A process for making relatively large particles, e.g. 100 Á in diameter, from relatively small particles, e.g. 8 Á in diameter, comprises pressing the small particles into a coherent body, soaking the body in a liquid binder and solidifying the binder as by heat, pulverizing the soaked, bound body, separating the required-e.g. the 100 Á - particles as by sieving, and heating the said particles to drive off the binder and sinter together the small particles contained in the larger particles. The particles may be of tungsten, molybdenum. clay or magnesia. In an example using tungsten powder the binder is a solution of ethyl cellulose in toluene; with the initial small tungsten particles may be mixed 0.05-1 per cent. of iron, to increase the hardness. The large particles, of different gradings, may be sintered together to produce a porous body. Before soaking, the body may be heated to drive out air.
Patent GB-1093030-A (GB)
Title: Improvements in or relating to containers
IPC: F24B13/00
Filed: 1964-08-05
Abstract: 1,093,030. Refuse receptacles. WINGHWING Ltd. and B. N. JEAL. Aug. 4, 1965 [Aug. 5, 1964], No. 31754/64. Heading A4A. [Also in Division B8] A refuse receptacle comprises a galvanised sheet steel body 1 having a hinged lid 2 and a bail type carrying handle 6 formed of a metal rod with inturned pivot portions 7, the handle abutting a stop 8 to support the receptacle in tilted position to receive a filled ash pan from a grate. With the lid closed the receptacle is turned to vertical position to deposit the ash on the base 9. An air space 10 protects a supporting surface. Drop ring handles 3, 4 are provided.
Patent GB-465893-A (GB)
Title: Method and devices for straightening hot plates
IPC: B21D1/02
Filed: 1935-11-16
Abstract: 465,893. Straightening sheets. UNGERER, F. Nov. 16, 1935, No. 31822. [Class 83 (iv)] Plates c fed to a roller straightening - machine d by a roller table a are given a preliminary straightening to assist the entry of the plate to the straightening machine proper. In the apparatus, a plate t is oscillated on pivot u by an eccentric r to straighten the plate. In a modification, Fig. 7 (not shown), the pivot u is replaced by an eccentric. In a further modification, Fig. 5 (not shown), the preliminary straightening is effected by converging conveyers. In further modifications, Figs. 1 and 3 (not shown), the straightening device comprises a toothed roller.
Patent GB-1008420-A (GB)
Title: Improvements in the manufacture of housings of distributors for internal combustion engines
IPC: B21C23/22
Filed: 1964-08-06
Abstract: 1,008,420. Making distributers, extruding, jointing by flanging. R. BOSCH G.m.b.H. Aug. 6, 1964 [Aug. 31, 1963], No. 31933/64. Headings B3A, B3H and B3P. In a method of manufacturing an internal combustion engine ignition distributer housing, a deep drawn steel member 11 is placed over a lower tool member 10 and an aluminium rod 12 is fitted into a neck projection 11<SP>1</SP> with the upper part of the rod section projecting into an upper tool section 13 which is then closed upon the lower member 10. Punches 14, 15 form the rod section into a sleeve by impact extrusion and simultaneously fill the neck 11<SP>1</SP> and form flange portions at either end thereof whereby the member 11 is firmly connected to the sleeve 16. The partition between the bores formed by the punches 14, 15 is subsequently drilled away and two composition bushes with a felt oiling tube therebetween are located in the bore thus formed to journal the distributer spindle.
Patent GB-263178-A (GB)
Title: Manufacture of condensation products of the anthraquinone series
IPC: C09B5/60
Filed: 1926-12-17
Abstract: 263,178. I. G. Farbenindustrie Akt.- Ges. Dec. 17, 1925, [Convention date]. o-Aminoanthraquinone - thiohydrins. - 0- Aminoanthraquinonemercaptans are condensed with halogenhydrins. The resulting o-aminoanthraquinonethiohydrins are valuable intermediate products and are also applicable for dyeing acetate silk. According to examples the sodium salts of the following compounds are condensed with ethylenechlorhydrin :-1-aminoanthraquinone - 2 - mercaptan, 1 : 4-diamina-2- chloranthraquinone-3-mercaptan (Specification 10387/08), 1-amino-4-p-toluidoanthraquinone-2- mercaptan (produced from 1-amino-4-p-toluido-2- bromanthraquinone and sodium sulphide) the mercaptans obtained from 1: 5- and 1 : 8- diamino- and 1:4:5: 8-tetramino-anthraquinones according to Specification 8254/15, the 2 : 6- diaminoanthraquinone - 1 : 5 - dimercaptan and 2 : 7-diaminoanthraquinone - 1: 8 - dimercaptan described in Specification 1970/12, and the 2- amino-3-bromanthraquinone-1-mercaptan obtained from dibromaminoanthraquinone according to Specification 10387/08 are also specified as parent materials. The ethylenechlorhydrin may be replaced by 2-chlor-3-oxypropane or 1-chlor-2: 3- dioxypropane. Specifications 28723/11 and 12616/12 are referred to.