baber/WOPTO huggingface dataset:
Patent GB-1422879-A (GB)
Title: Continuous production of esters of g''cols or their monoethers with lower fatty acids
IPC: C07C67/08
Filed: 1973-06-08
Abstract: 1422879 Esters of glycols or glycol monoethers BADISCHE ANILIN- & SODAFABRIK AG 8 June 1973 [10 June 1972] 27373/73 Heading C2C In a continuous process for the preparation of a water-soluble ester of a glycol or a glycol monoether with a saturated fatty acid (1-4 C), a compound HO-A-X, where A is ethylene, propylene or butylene, and X is OH or OR, R is alkyl (1-4C), or OAOH or OAOR, is reacted with the acid at elevated temperature and with a strong acid catalyst and the water is continuously azeotropically distilled off with an entrainer, the crude ester is admixed with aqueous alkali and extracted in a second zone, and pure ester separated by rectification in a third zone. Ethylene, diethylene, propylene, dipropylene glycols and ethylene glycol monomethyl, monoethyl, monobutyl ethers and diethylene glycol monomethyl ethers are preferred and the entrainer in the first zone, a rectifying zone, may be benzene, toluene, or ethyl, propyl, butyl or pentyl acetates. The aqueous alkalis may be caustic soda or potash solution or sodium carbonate preferably mixed in a tubular zone before the second extractive zone, preferably a pulse column. The third rectification zone may be a packed or plate column with 10-40 plates. Examples describe the preparation of methyl glycol and butyl glycol acetates, ethyl glycol propionate and methyldiethylene glycol acetate.
Patent GB-1065655-A (GB)
Title: Method of improving the keeping properties of flavour powders
IPC: A23L27/00
Filed: 1964-07-02
Abstract: The keeping properties of flavouring powders, which powders comprise a flavouring agent such as an essential oil dispersed in a solid matrix such as a sugar composition, are improved by washing the powder with a solvent selected from alcohols, ethers, and mixtures thereof, thereby removing the flavouring agent from the surface zones of the individual powder particles, said solvent additionally containing a material selected from straight chain polyhydric alcohols, monosaccharides, sorbitol fatty acid esters, or mixtures thereof, surface active agents, solid fats, resins, or mineral waxes, which upon evaporation of the solvent forms a coating on the surfaces of the individual particles.
Patent GB-274076-A (GB)
Abstract: 274,076. Holzverkohlungs Industrie Akt.-Ges. July 6, 1926, [Convention date]. Acetic acid; acetic anhydride; ethylene and other unsaturated hydrocarbons.-Aqueous acetic acid is treated for the production of concentrated acetic acid or acetic anhydride by esterifying by known means, for instance with ethyl alcohol, and subjecting the vapour of the ester to' a high temperature such as 500-700‹ C. to produce acetic acid and an unsaturated hydrocarbon such as ethylene, in the absence of iron and iron compounds and in the presence of copper, silver, or metallic phosphates such as phosphates of silver, alkali metals or di- or tri-valent metals. By modifying the conditions, acetic anhydride may be produced, the phosphates mentioned favouring this. In the examples, acetic acid is produced by passing the ethyl acetate vapour through a tube containing silver at 600‹ C.; and acetic acid containing some acetic anhydride is produced by passing the ethyl acetate vapour at a lower speed through a tube containing silver phosphate at 600-620‹ C., the reaction products being cooled as quickly as possible. The Specification as open to inspection under Sect. 91 (3) (a) includes the use as catalysts of other metals and compounds and states that ethyl acetate of any origin may be treated. This subject-matter does not. appear in the Specification as accepted.
Patent GB-511106-A (GB)
Title: Improvements in or relating to the riveting of metal plates
IPC: B21D22/04
Filed: 1938-09-21
Abstract: 511,106. Flanging. BLACKBURN AIRCRAFT, Ltd., and MacARTHUR, W. W. Sept. 21, 1938, No. 27515. [Class 83 (iv)] Apparatus for dimpling or flanging rivet holes in metal plates comprises a yoke 12, 13 for embracing the work, an anvil 11 supported by the limb 13 of the yoke, a co-operating punch 10 slidably mounted in the other limb 12 of the yoke, a pressure pad 28 surrounding the lower end of the punch and a spring 31 disposed between the pad and an abutment 32 on the punch for holding the pad against the plate 15 during the operation of the punch. The anvil is formed at the upper end of a hollow cylindrical plug 21 screwed into the limb 13 and carrying an adjusting nut 16. Within the plug is mounted a location peg 17 adjustably loaded by a spring 18 so as to project upwardly into the hole in the plate. Fixed to the lower end of the punch is a flanging tool 22 formed with a guiding pin 23 and with a conical portion 24 of the shape of the required flange. The anvil has a corresponding conical depression 25. The punch is operated by a hammer blow on its free upper end which projects through the limb 12 of the yoke.
Patent GB-855826-A (GB)
Title: An improved speed governing device for an engine-driven fuel pump
Inventor: SAVILLE HAROLD
IPC: F02M37/04
Filed: 1958-08-28
Abstract: 855,826. Governors. ARMSTRONG SIDDELEY MOTORS Ltd. Aug. 27, 1959 [Aug. 28, 1958], No. 27584/58. Class 57. An engine speed-governor associated with an engine-driven fuel pump 1 comprises two governors 26, 27 each arranged to be driven simultaneously by the pump through separate driveshafts 6, 7 and arranged to operate valves 38, 44 controlling the flow of fuel from the pump to the engine. As shown applied to the fuel system of a gas turbine engine, the governors 26, 27 are driven from the driving-shaft 8 of the pump, the shaft 6 having on one end a gear 11 engaging with internal splines formed in the shaft 8 and, on the other end, a gear 30 engaging a gear 31 on the shaft 32 of the governor 26; the shaft 7 is driven by a gear 14 mounted on one end thereof engaging with an external gear 12 formed on the shaft 8, the other end of the shaft 7 having splines engaging with the driving-shaft of the governor 27. In operation, the governor 27 which is adjusted to suit the normal speed range of the engine, controls, through a pivoted lever 35, the valve 38 arranged between ducts 39, 40 carrying fuel from the outlet 19 of the pump 1 to the engine burners. In the event of the engine overspeeding, the governor 26, which is adjusted to a higher speed than the normal maximum, operates the valve 44 and thereby returns fuel to the pump inlet through a spill return chamber 46. The shafts 6, 7, 8 may have reduced portions 50, 51, 52, respectively, to provide weak links so that, in the event of an overload causing one of the portions, to break, the fuel supply will still be controlled by one or other of the governors 26, 27.
Patent GB-1067777-A (GB)
Title: Improvements in and relating to electrical power regulating devices
IPC: H02P7/291
Filed: 1964-07-03
Abstract: 1,067,777. Automatic current control. SOC. ANON FRANCAISE DU FERODO. July 3, 1964 [July 3, 1963], No. 27617/64. Heading G3R. A load such as a motor M is supplied from a D. C. source B over a switching device 11 which may include controlled diodes and which is controlled by a bi-stable circuit BI to maintain the load current at a desired value. A voltage Us proportional to the load current is applied, together with a desired reference voltage Ud, to a comparator transistor 12, and the resulting error signal is applied by way of an amplifying transistor 16 and a capacitor 19 to the circuit BI which switches to a first state and produces an output pulse on terminal 21; this pulse is applied over a pulse-shaper 23 to the input terminal EA of the device 11 which is thereby rendered conductive. When the load current reaches the desired value, the error signal becomes zero whereby transistor 12 becomes non-conductive allowing transistor 16 to conduct and discharge capacitor 19; this causes circuit BI to switch back to its second state, producing on terminal 22 a pulse which is applied over pulseshaper 24 to the terminal ES whereby the device 11 is rendered non-conductive. The switching of device 11 is thus automatically controlled in a manner to maintain the load current at the value set by the voltage Ud. A network constituted by a diode 28, a capacitor 29 and resistors 26, 27 is associated with the capacitor 19, the arrangement being such as to establish a maximum limit for the conduction period and a minimum limit for the non-conductive period of the device 11.
Patent GB-762654-A (GB)
Title: Improvements in or relating to buoyancy chambers
Inventor: HEYWOOD MARK MELLALIEU
IPC: B63C9/08
Filed: 1952-11-03
Abstract: 762,654. Laminated materials. ELLIOT EQUIPMENT, Ltd. Nov. 3, 1953 [Nov. 3, 1952], No. 27641/52. Class 140. A composite membrane used in making buoyancy chambers for life-saving equipment comprises a layer of a synthetic elastomer sandwiched between and secured to layers of natural rubber, there being layers of fabric material secured to the outsides of the layers of natural rubber. To a layer of fabric made of natural or synthetic fibres there are applied successively, by calendering or spreading, layers of natural rubber, of black butyl rubber, and of natural rubber, and another layer of fabric is secured to the film of natural rubber.
Patent GB-519435-A (GB)
Title: Improvements in electrical impedance networks
IPC: H01P1/22
Filed: 1938-09-22
Abstract: 519,435. Impedance networks. STANDARD TELEPHONES & CABLES, Ltd., BARNARD, R. M., and JARVIS, F. L. J. Sept. 22, 1938, No. 27661. [Class 40 (iii)] An attenuator for very high frequencies comprises a cylinder of solid or liquid semiconducting material encased in a conducting tube and provided with conducting terminals at the centres of the ends. The attenuation is a function of the ratio of the length to the diameter of the outer conductor and the impedance is a function of the ratio of the effective diameter of the inner conductor, as determined by the size of the terminals to that of the outer conductor. The tube and the terminals may be applied by sputtering. In a modification for balanced transmission lines the attenuator consists of a semi-conducting cylinder with two terminals suitably spaced from the centre at each end. A group of attenuators may be mounted on the surface of a fluted brass cylinder 4, Fig. 2, which can be rotated to connect a particular attenuator to the line by means of contact studs connected to the respective terminals and engaged by a stud 12 carried by a spring loaded piece of co-axial cable. In the arrangement shown in Fig. 5, a mixture of glycerine and colloidal carbon is contained in a two-part tube 14 the effective length of which can be adjusted by a nut 15. The terminals 22 are adjustable into and out of the liquid. The tube is kept full with the aid of an adjustable plug 27.
Patent GB-1049654-A (GB)
Title: Roll film copying camera
Inventor: SCHUNCK KURT
IPC: G03B27/46
Filed: 1963-07-12
Abstract: 1,049,654. Roll film cameras. K. SCHUMACHER and E. SCHUMACHER [trading as KLIMSCH & CO]. July 12, 1963, No. 27680/63. Heading G2A. A photographic roll film camera contains a linearly displaceable film carrier body 2 in the camera back 1, which body is normally situated so that the upper edge of a suction plate 3, positioned below the film dispensing magazine, coincides with the optical axis of the camera. Film of the required width is selected by means of mechanism 4-6 and simultaneously two plates (not shown) slide to adjust the width of the exposed area of the plate 3. The required length of film to be exposed is selected by raising the body 2 and plate 3 half of this length by means of a motor 7 a chain 9 coupled to the body and plate lowering a light-tight cover sheet 8 half of the required length. The upward motion of the body 2 rotates a wheel 10 coupled to a wheel 12 which, via the chain 6, turns the selected drag roller 4 to dispense the required length of film, which is thus centred on the optical axis. A suction pump is then turned on and a motor driven blade 13 may be actuated to cut off the length of film to be exposed. After exposure the pump is turned off, the film, if it has been cut, drops into a light-tight compartment 14 and the body returns to its original position, a free wheel preventing further film from being fed. Alternatively, a film take-up spool 17 may be provided, which spool turns when the body descends. A pinion on a lever 15 pulls the chain 6 back slightly to move the cut end of the film away from the knife when the body is back in its original position. The lens-holder body 19 (Fig. 2, not shown) is equipped with a projector 20 which projects on to a copy holder 22 a light mark denoting the height top to bottom of the material that will be reproduced. A further light mark projector adjusted by the movement of the suction plate covers is provided to show the width of the material that will be reproduced.
Patent GB-887402-A (GB)
Title: Improvements in or relating to collector brushes for electrical machines
IPC: H01R39/24
Filed: 1960-08-10
Abstract: 887,402. Brushes for dynamo-electric machines. SOC. LE CARBONE-LORRAINE. Aug. 10, 1960 [Aug. 10, 1959; July 1, 1960] No. 27715/60. Class 35. A brush for dynamo-electric machines comprises two half-brushes 1, 2 having a metal plate 3 riveted to half-brush 1 and bearing on to a flexible solid cylindrical or tubular element 5, of rubber or elastomeric plastic material, which rests in or is glued into a groove 4 in half-brush 2. A preferred embodiment features two metal plates 3, 3<SP>1</SP> affixed to halfbrushes 1, 2 and bearing on to flexible elements 5, 5<SP>1</SP> which are respectively mounted in grooves in the opposite half-brush, element 5 being of greater diameter than element 5<SP>1</SP>.
Patent GB-968428-A (GB)
Title: Process for the production of l-glutamic acid
IPC: C12P13/14
Filed: 1962-07-19
Abstract: A process for the production of L-glutamic acid comprises the steps of (i) contacting a microorganism capable of decomposing and/or absorbing biotin or substances having biotin-like activity with saccharidic materials containing more than 10g  of biotin per 100 grams of sugar, or a corresponding high content of a substance having biotin-like activity, and removing solid matter from the culture medium or inactivating the enzyme, (ii) culturing a microorganism capable of producing L-glutamic acid in a nutrient medium containing a carbon source comprising the thus-treated saccharidic materials and an assimilable nitrogen source while shaking under aerobic conditions, and (iii) recovering L-glutamic acid from the culture medium. Suitable initial saccharidic materials include syrups containing sugar, crude sugar, beet or cane molasses, crushed rice hydrolysate, cereal hydrolysate or soya-bean extracts containing 5-30% by weight of carbohydrate. The step (i) is preferably conducted at pH 4-12 and 20-50 DEG C.; suitable microorganisms belong to Brevibacterium lactofermentum, Saccharomyces bisporus and Tolura spp. Suitable organisms for use in step (ii) belong to the genus Bacillus, e.g. B. megatherium, B. subtilis, B. circulans and B. cereus; the genus Micrococcus, e.g. M. varians; the genus Brevibacterium, e.g. B. lactofermentum, B. kawasakii, B. divaricatum, B. aminogenes and B. saccharolyticum; or Escherichia coli.  Substances of biotin-like activity include biocytin, desthiobiotin, biotin-d-sulphoxide and pelargonic acid derivatives. Specifications 873,448, 876,943, 889,187, 905,973, 920,241, 920,242 and 924,035 are referred to.
Patent GB-646681-A (GB)
Title: Improvements in stoves or furnaces for heating water
IPC: F24H1/22
Filed: 1948-10-27
Abstract: 646,681. Closed stoves. CUBITT, R. G. Oct. 27, 1948, No. 27901. [Class 126] [Also in Group XII] A stove for heating water having a gravity feed fuel hopper above the combustion space, is provided with a rearwardly sloping grate and combustion space below the water jacket, a baffle forming a duct between the fuel hopper and the water jacket which latter slopes forwardly at least at its lower end, means being provided at the bottom of the baffle to direct secondary air induced down the duct rearwardly across the combustion space to the outlet flue. The combustion space is formed on a grate comprising firebars 15, 16 which slope downwardly towards a flue outlet 25. The grate is fed with fuel from a feed hopper bounded by insulating material 13 on three sides and a baffle 21 at the rear. A tapering air inlet duct leading from the top of the stove to the combustion space is provided by the baffle between the rear of the feed hopper and a water jacket 12. Air inlet channels 23 are also provided in the insulating material 13 at the front of the stove to lead combustion air from the top of the stove to the front of the combustion space C. The grate comprises firebars 15, 16 alternate bars 15 being' united by a crossbar 17 whereas bars 16 may be connected with a riddling device and shaken relative to the fixed bars 15. A sloping fire bar member 18 pivoted about a bar 19 is also provided. Air may reach the combustion space C from beneath the firebed, an ashpit door 14 being provided. A removable cover member 24 provided with a controllable apertures is disposed at the top of the stove. The water jacket may be formed in two parts (not shown) suitably interconnected.
Patent GB-1210635-A (GB)
Title: Semi-conductor component with a vacuum sealed semiconductor
Inventor: BILKOVA ZDENKA
IPC: H01L23/29
Filed: 1969-06-03
Abstract: 1,210,635. Semi-conductor devices. TESLA NARODNI PODNIK. 3 June, 1969 [7 June, 1968], No. 28048/69. Heading H1K. The surface of a semi-conductor element which is vacuum sealed in a container is provided with a covering of an organic compound comprising a sulphonic acid or a salt thereof. Suitable compounds are one or more of benzenesulphonic acid, naphthalenesulphonic acid, anthracenesulphonic acid or their derivatives. The sulphonic acid radical may be substituted with an organic group or with amino or hydroxyl groups. The compound may be applied to the semi-conductor surface as a solution or dispersed in silicone rubber, petroleum jelly or varnish, and device stability may be improved by heating after application.
Patent GB-862481-A (GB)
Title: Improvements in or relating to differential gears
IPC: F16C33/20
Filed: 1958-09-02
Abstract: 862,481. Motor vehicle axles. VOLKSWAGENWERK G.m.b.H. Sept. 2, 1958 [Sept. 11, 1957], No. 28127/58. Class 79(4). A differential driving gear is housed within a casing comprising an axle tube 12 having a part-spherical portion mounted for universal rotation between a part-spherical portion of the driving gear casing and a co-operating cover 3, a bearing lining 13 of a hard synthetic resinous material being inserted between the spherical portions of the tube and the differential casing, as shown in Fig. 3, and/or between the tube and the cover plate 3. The bearing member, Fig. 1, which may have a series of radial, or as shown, spiral slots 14 and has a beaded edge 15 which is located in a recess 16 of the casing, may be composed of a polyamide or low pressure polyethylene. The differential driving gear comprises a gearbox 5, 6, journalled for rotation in a bearing 7, and bevel gears 8, 9, 10 driving a half-shaft 11.
Patent GB-892290-A (GB)
Title: Safety arrangement for a nuclear reactor aboard a ship
IPC: F16L5/02
Filed: 1958-09-03
Abstract: 892,290. Nuclear reactors. FOSTERWHEELER Ltd. Sept. 3, 1958 [Nov. 15, 1957], No. 28312/58. Class 39(4) A ship 12 powered by fluid-fuelled reactor 24 enclosed in a steel compartment 19 spaced from a shield 14 by a water jacket 21 has a safety arrangement for cooling the compartment 19 in the event of damage to the ship causing stoppage of the power plant or pumps circulating the fluid fuel. The safety arrangement comprises a number of conduits 30 connecting the water jacket 21 with the exterior of the hull 13, the pipes being normally closed by valves (Fig. 3, 4, not shown). The valves are biased to the open position by springs but are held closed by pneumatic or electromagnetic means and hence when the power supply to the valves ceases consequent upon damage to the ship the valves open and sea water circulates through the pipes 30 to conduct away the heat.
Patent GB-475449-A (GB)
Title: Improvements relating to column stops for typewriting machines
IPC: B41J21/04
Filed: 1936-10-19
Abstract: 475,449. Typewriters. ROYAL TYPEWRITER CO., Inc. Oct. 19, 1936, No. 28433. Convention date, Dec. 6, 1935. [Class 100 (iv)] Tabulating-mechanism.-In mechanism comprising a set of column stops mounted at letter-space intervals in a pair of opposed racks and adapted to be swung individually into active or inactive position, any column stops can be removed without disturbing the others. The stops B shown in Figs. 5 and 6 are mounted in opposed racks 6, 7 which are connected by end plates 8, and by tie-plates 15 engaging grooves 19, 20, the end plates being secured to the carriage 5. Each stop is formed with arms 23, 24 embracing the rack 6, a cross-bar 27 engaging grooves 13, 14 in the racks, and short feet 25, 26 which abut on the rack 7 when the stop is in active or inactive position respectively, the clearance between the cross-bar 27 and the top of each groove 13 being considerably greater than the length of the legs 25, 26. A spring 31 co-operates with the rack 6 to retain the stop in active or inactive position. Any stop can be readily removed by raising and then swinging the stop forwardly or rearwardly. Accidental removal of the stops is prevented by a plate C which is detachably secured to the rack 6 and is arranged in the vertical path of the stops. Specification 386,787 is referred to.
Patent GB-768851-A (GB)
Title: Improvements in or relating to rifles having slings
IPC: F41C33/00
Filed: 1954-10-04
Abstract: 768,851. Rifle slings. CRESTE, P. L. Oct. 4, 1954 [Oct. 5, 1953], No. 28463/54. Drawings to Specification. Class 119. A rifle is provided with a sling made wholly or partly of elastic material having such strength and elasticity that when the sling is arranged in a straight line and without tension between points on the butt and barrel, the rifle can be carried by hand with the sling in a straight line or carried from the shoulder or across the chest without adjustment of the sling.
Patent GB-635946-A (GB)
Title: Improvements in and relating to combustion chambers
IPC: F23R3/60
Filed: 1947-10-24
Abstract: 635,946. Generating combustion products under pressure. BRITISH THOMSON-HOUSTON CO., Ltd. Oct. 24, 1947, No. 28500. Convention date, Oct. 26, 1946. [Class 51 (i)] The ports 11 through which secondary air is admitted to a combustion chamber are provided with flared ferrules 17 of a length sufficient to secure radial entry of the air regardless of the direction of approach to the flared ends. This length should be not less than five-eighths of the port diameter at the upstream end of the chamber but may be reduced towards the delivery end. Other ports 12 provide for a skin of cooling air on the wall of the combustion chamber. The ports 11, 12 are evenly distributed. The distribution of a final group of air-holes 15 is determined by experiment. The burner 9 is mounted in a domed end 25 with hooded air holes 27 to provide a tangential entry for the air. The dome 25 is enclosed in a perforated outer dome 31 secured at 35 to the casing and slidingly embracing the end of the flame tube. The down-stream end of the flame tube and the adjacent end of the discharge pipe 42 are supported by a flanged ring 40. Portions 14 on the flame tube are pressed outwardly and provide passages between the tube and the ring for air which forms a cooling layer over the walls of the pipe 42. Cooling air passes from the annular air chamber 24 through holes 47 in the ring 40 into the jacket space surrounding the discharge pipe 42. Specifications 637,223 and 639,617 are referred to.