baber/WOPTO huggingface dataset:
Patent GB-513708-A (GB)
Title: Improvements in the manufacture of hydroxy-aldehydes and hydroxy-ketones
IPC: C07C45/75
Filed: 1938-04-14
Abstract: 513,708. Hydroxy carbonyl compounds. TAYLOR, A. W. C., WOOLCOCK, J. W., TYRER, D., and IMPERIAL CHEMICAL INDUSTRIES, Ltd. April 14, 1938, Nos. 11593, 11594 and 11595. [Class 2 (iii)] A mixture of hydroxy-aldehydes and -ketones containing a large proportion of hydroxyaldehydes and -ketones having 2, 3 or 4 carbon atoms in the molecule, is obtained by the condensation of formaldehyde, at an initial concentration of at least 20 per cent., in aqueous solution or in aqueous alcoholic solution containing not more than 50 per cent. of alcohols, in the presence of an oxide or hydroxide of tin, magnesium, calcium, strontium, barium or preferably lead, in an amount such that the initial pH of the solution does not exceed 8.0, while maintaining the pH of the solution within the limits 4 to 8 throughout the reaction by the addition, continuously or in batches, of one or more basic oxides or hydroxides or organic bases reasonably soluble under the conditions of condensation. Caustic soda -or hydrated lime is preferred as the basic compound, the addition of which may be controlled automatically, and the preferred pH of reaction is between 6.0 and 6.5. It is advantageous to allow the condensation to proceed only to 80-90 per cent. conversion, and also to have present at the start of the condensation a small proportion, e.g., 2¢-5 per cent., of the product of condensation, i.e. by recycling or adding a little of a previous batch. In examples, (1) 0.2 parts of PbO and 5 parts of recycled product are added to a solution of 20 parts formaldehyde in 32 parts methyl alcohol and 48 parts of water and the whole is refluxed for 6-7 hours while maintaining the pH of the solution at 7.0-7.5 by the controlled addition of 0.04 parts of calcium hydroxide in glycol, (2) 37 per cent. formalin together with PbO and recycled product are boiled for 1¢ hours at a pH maintained at 6.0-6.5 by the addition of sodium hydroxide, to give a 50 per cent. yield of hydroxy-aldehydes and -ketones containing 2, 3 or 4 carbon atoms per molecule as determined by the cold reduction of Fehling's solution, (3) reaction was carried out as in Ex. (2) for 38 minutes at a pH of 7.0-7.5 to give a 41 per cent. yield of the lower hydroxyaldehydes and ketones.
Patent GB-1078345-A (GB)
Title: Method of and apparatus for melting metallic oxides, more especially uranium dioxide
Inventor: HOPPE WALKER
IPC: F27D11/04
Filed: 1965-03-18
Abstract: 1,078,345. Internal resistance melting. EUROPEAN ATOMIC ENERGY COMMUNITY (EURATOM). March 18, 1965 [March 24, 1964], No. 11601/65. Heading H5H. [Also in Division F4] Mouldings made from pulverulent metallic oxides, e.g. uranium dioxide, are melted by the direct passage of current. A water-cooled copper crucible 2 containing a graphite crucible 3 is attached to the bottom of a vacuum-tight furnace housing 1 containing a graphite electrode 5 screwed to a water-cooled slidable copper tube 4. The electrode 5 is lowered to contact the top pellet of a column 6 of uranium dioxide moulded pellets and A.C. voltage applied to heat the pellets to red heat in an argon atmosphere. The column is then surrounded by a layer 7 of powdered uranium dioxide and the current increased to melt the mouldings. A single moulding may be melted.
Patent GB-397805-A (GB)
Title: Improvements in or relating to automatic steering apparatus for aircraft
IPC: G05D1/02
Filed: 1933-04-20
Abstract: 397,805. Steering aircraft automatically. ASKANIA-WERKE AKT.-GES. VORM. CENTRAL WERKSTATT DESSAU UND C. BAMBERG-FRIEDENAU, 87, Kaiserallee, Friedenau, Berlin. April 20, 1933, No. 11621. Convention date, April 20, 1932. [Class 4.] Automatic steering-apparatus for aircraft operated by means responsive to deviations from the course and/or means responsive to the angular velocity of the aircraft about its vertical axis, has means responsive to the angular velocity of the aircraft about its longitudinal axis for additionally compensating the steering. This correction may be applied by a separate gyroscope or by setting the precession axis of a single gyroscope at an inclination to the vertical so as to respond to angular velocities about both vertical and longitudinal axes. An air-driven gyroscope is mounted on a normally transverse axis 16 in a frame 13 mounted on pivots 24 in a frame 28 which can be set at any angle to the horizontal by being moved about pivots 31 in order to suit different machines. A clamping screw 35 is provided for fixing the frame 28 in any adjusted position. A jet tube 8 normally directs a jet of air symmetrically on to the openings of two passages 6, 7 leading to opposite ends of a cylinder 1 which actuates the rudder. A cable 18, lever 19 and spring 23 act as a follow-up gear whenever the tube 8 is displaced by a connection 42 to a ring 41 on the gyroscope frame 13 or by a connection to a diaphragm 11 subject to differential pressures as the machine moves off a compass course.
Patent GB-1391561-A (GB)
Title: Electrical motor supply systems and control circuits therefor
IPC: H02P25/02
Filed: 1972-03-13
Abstract: 1391561 Control of brushless motors; frequency changing SIEMENS AG 13 March 1972 [13 March 1971] 11629/72 Headings H2J and H2F A motor 4 is supplied from a 3-phase supply 23 through a rectifier/inverter arrangement 1, 3 which includes a smoothing choke 8 and a by-pass circuit 2 comprising a thyristor 9 in series with a current transformer 18. The inverter (3) commutation is controlled at normal speed by the output from rotor position detector 5 which contains Hall effect devices. The rectifier (1) commutation is controlled by set 16 supplied with synchronizing signals obtained from transformers 24, 25, 26. Additional control is provided at starting and low speeds by the thyristor 9 which is triggered by pulses produced by monostable circuit 11. The monostable circuit 11 is enabled by the pulse output of monostable 13 and the output of differentiating stage 10 so that the instant of firing is synchronized with the supply phase and the rotor position. The monostable 17 is disabled by the output of tachogenerator 22 when switch 17 operates. The pulse from monostable 11 also effects the control set 16 of the rectifier and resets the monostable circuit 13. The current through thyristor 9 is added to a control output from set 16 so that the effect of the current controller 21 is overridden at the instant of commutation when no current is flowing. The output of monostable 11 may be applied through matching stage 15 to control set 16 to alter the firing angle of the rectifier to the margin of commutation of the inverter.
Patent GB-600914-A (GB)
Title: Improvements in or relating to apparatus for testing and examining metals
IPC: G01N27/80
Filed: 1944-06-19
Abstract: 600,914. Magnetic tests. STANDARD TELEPHONES & CABLES, Ltd. June 19, 1944, No. 11644. Convention date, Sept. 16, 1943. [Class 37] In a device for testing metals, specimen pieces are used as the core of a coil, the core losses of the specimens being determined for different frequencies. In Fig. 1, a high frequency oscillator consisting of valves 14, 15 and the associated components has a number of condensers 6 and a coil 5 in the tank circuit. A. source of low frequency is connected to the primary 2 of a transformer, the secondary 3 of which is connected to a coil 4, which is aligned with the coil 5 so that the high frequency oscillator is modulated by the low frequency. The frequency of the main oscillator is changed by selecting suitable condensers 6 by means of switch 10. A variable resistance 7 is included in the tank circuit, and a switch 10 is connected to the slider 11, which is earthed. One of the vertical deflection platesof an oscillograph 26 is coupled through condenser 25 to the anode of valve 14, the other vertical deflection plate being grounded. The horizontal plates are connected in the known manner to give a horizontal deflection of the same frequency as that of generator 1. The specimen to be tested is placed in one or both of coils 4 and 5 so as to change the amount of modulation of the high frequency oscillation which will be shown on oscillograph 26. The greater the core losses in the metal, the greater will be the amount of modulation. The core loss characteristic of the specimen can be obtained by taking readings at different frequencies. Three frequencies, suitably spaced, are usually sufficient to compare the specimens with a standard. Specification 600,913 is referred to.
Patent GB-554292-A (GB)
Title: Improvements in manufacturing processes employing sensitive photographic materials
IPC: G03C1/805
Filed: 1941-09-10
Abstract: 554,292. Photographically produced templates. KODAK, Ltd., BATLEY, A., SOPER, A. K., and BLABER, M. P. W. (Eastman Kodak Co., Wynd, C. L. A., and Lane, G. T.). Sept. 10, 1941, Nos. 11751/42, (divided out of 553,341), 11750/42, (divided out of 557,109), and 6772/42. [Class 98 (ii)] In the production of a manufactured article by cutting it out of a piece of metal or other substance, the outermost surface of sensitive material comprising a dried sensitive salt emulsion layer not containing an image held on a temporary support by an intermediate layer capable of allowing the emulsion layer to be stripped is caused to adhere to the surface of the metal or other substances sufficiently to ensure survival of the adhesion throughout processing of the emulsion and subsequent cutting of the metal or other substance, and simultaneously or subsequently stripping the temporary support and the emulsion layer apart by mere force at ordinary temperature without dissolving or softening the intermediate layer leaving the emulsion layer on the metal or other substance, a visible image is formed in the emulsion by exposure and processing, and the metal or other substance is cut as dictated by the visible image. The material and procedure is as described in Specification 554,300. Specifications 548,795, 549,371, 553,341 and 555,383 are referred to.
Patent GB-275530-A (GB)
Title: Improvements in or relating to variable speed gears
IPC: F16D15/00
Filed: 1926-07-23
Abstract: 275,530. Parley, J. July 23, 1926. Facilitating changing speed. - Variable-speed gearing of the countershaft. type comprises a constant-mesh pair 2, 2A the drive between which can be interrupted by the disconnection of a friction clutch to facilitate changing speed. In Fig. 10 is shown a form in which this friction clutch is arranged on the countershaft 26, the clutch being disengaged by thrusting register pins 10 to the right into a clutch body 2<B>. When a gear change is to be made, a cam 32 on the control lever 31 causes the pins 10 to be thrust home, so freeing the countershaft from drive, and allowing the change to be made without shock. In another form, the connection with the control of the main clutch upon a vehicle is described. The friction clutch comprises wedging members such as rollers adapted to be freed when the pins 10 are thrust inwards. Rollers 5, Figs. 1 and 2, when free to do so will jam in either direction between flats on a polygonal boss 4 and a cylindric friction surface 3 within a gear 2A loose on a shaft 1. The rollers 5 are carried in notches in a divided cage 6 which is supported on central webs 7 in an annular recess 11 in the boss 4. The clutch is shown in Fig. 1 engaged the cage 6 being angularly displaced. To dis. engage the clutch, the cage 6 is forced to and held in a middle position. For this purpose, taper register pins 10, Fig. 2, which turn with the boss 4, are thrust into holes 8, Fig. 3, in the cage. The pins 10 are carried by a ring 9 operated by a control fork. The parts of cage 6 are normally held apart by springs 13. The cage 6 has an external flange 14 with peripheral notches 14a which, in the engaged position, en. gage pins 15 on the gear face, and so help tc lock the transmission.
Patent GB-118027-A (GB)
IPC: B66C23/36
Abstract: 118,027. Murdoch, F. T. Nov. 12, 1917. Jib cranes; overhead supports; vchicle fittings and attachments.-In a crane mounted on a wheeled base, the crane post is lowered to rest on the ground or on one of the axles during lifting or lowering. The post A, Fig. 1, is raised and lowered by actuating the winch Q, the rope of which is secured to the carriage L. The post A is mounted in a socket L<2> which is pivotally connected by a pin 3 to the vertical face of the carriage L. The carriage can travel along the sides or end of the lorry &c. on rollers M. N. Hinged arms B maintain the post in vertical position. The load is raised &c. by a rope connected to a winch P. The upper post C and jib G may be rotated with respect to the lower post A through worm gearing J, H, and the upper post may slide in the lower. The apparatus is rendered stable when the jib is in the position shown in Fig. 2 by an arm U provided with an adjustable foot at its outer end, by a pivoted stay and rack, or by a pivoted stay provided with a quadrant, holes in which are engaged by a pin on the crane post.
Patent GB-990257-A (GB)
Title: Cabinet for mechanical surface treatment operations using granular blasting material
IPC: B24C9/00
Filed: 1962-03-28
Abstract: 990,257. Blasting. H. A. DIETIKER A.G. March 28, 1962 [March 29, 1961; July 5, 1961], No. 11866/62. Heading B3D. A blasting cabinet for use in mechanical surface treatment operations using granular blasting material has in the upper part an opening closed by a door movable bodily upwardly and simultaneously tilted and in the bottom part a hopper in the bottom of which is a discharge device operating by vacuum. A cabinet 1 rests on four feet 2 integral with the cabinet walls. The front of the cabinet is closed by a door 3 forming one of the walls and supported by arms 4, 5 pivoted on the side walls 6, 6. Extensions 10 of the arms 5 carry adjustable balance weights 11. The door has a vertical portion 12 and a rearwardly inclined portion 13. The portion 12 has handles 9 and hand apertures 14 provided with diaphragms 15 of stiff, elastic material secured by detachable rings 16. The portion 13 has an inspection window 17 and an anti-dazzle hood 18. Fluorescent lighting units 19 are provided on each side of the window out of the line of vision. Pneumatic rams 20 may be provided for operating the door; hydraulic rams may be used. The window comprises a safety pane, a normal pane and a protective grid secured in position by spring rings. The cabinet has at its lower end a hopper 34 at the bottom of which is situated a discharge device 35. This comprises a housing having one end 37 connected to the hopper 34 so as to receive granular blasting material and ends 38, 39 receiving suction hoses 40, 41. A member has deflecting surfaces 47, 48. Air enters through bores 63 in a cap nut 59 screwed on to a screwthreaded extension 60 of the housing, a cone 61 on the nut co-operating with a conical seating 62 to regulate the air flow.
Patent GB-1006214-A (GB)
Title: Improvements in or relating to digitising means
Inventor: WORDEN WILLIAM RICHMOND
IPC: H03M1/00
Filed: 1961-04-04
Abstract: 1,006,214. Analogue-to-digital converters. ELECTRIC & MUSICAL INDUSTRIES Ltd. April 4, 1962 [April 4, 1961], No. 11881/61. Heading G4H. The movable plates 1 of an electrostatic voltmeter are deflected by an input voltage and rotate a mirror 3 so as to sweep a beam of light from source 4 over a scale 6. When plates 1 become stationary in the deflected position, no further pulses of light are reflected by mirror 5 on to photo-cell 7 and a relay is operated to switch on a counter connected to photo-cell 7 and also to disconnect the input voltage. The pulses produced by scale 6 as the plates return towards zero are counted, and when the zero position is reached, the beam of light reflected by mirror 3 activates a photo-cell 8 to operate a further relay which then disconnects the counter. In this way pulses produced as a result of damped oscillations of plates 1 about the true deflected and zero positions are prevented from giving an erroneous indication. Scale 6 instead of comprising transparent and opaque segments as shown, may comprise a transparent strip having lines scored thereon, light incident on the lines being reflected into the strip and transmitted by multiple reflections to emerge at the edge of the strip for detection. The effective length of scale 6 may be increased by having a plurality of light sources 4 arranged so that as the light beam from one source reaches one end of scale 6, the beam from another source reaches the other end of the scale 6.
Patent GB-1532184-A (GB)
Title: Support system for tracks for toy model vehicles
IPC: A63H19/34
Filed: 1977-03-21
Abstract: 1532184 Toys H NEUHIERL 21 March 1977 [21 May 1976] 11888/77 Heading A6S A track 19 for toy vehicles is carried between pylons 1, Figs. 1, 3, each erected from a base plate 2, Figs. 4, 5, side plates 3 having parallel pairs of vertical ribs 21 forming grooves for transverse side plates 4, and top plates 5, with supports 12, 17, Fig. 3, extending between pairs of pylons to carry the track. Tongues 9, 22 Figs. 4, 5, 10 engage slots 20, 25, 26 in the base plates 2 and top plates 5 to hold the posts of the pylons together. To erect taller pylons, slotted intermediate plates 6, Figs. 6, 7, are located between aligned sets of side plates 3, &c. with stepped hooks 9, 9a, Fig. 7, on the side plates overlapping. The transverse side plates 4 have rings 13, Figs. 1, 2, for bracing cables 14 to support the track. Tracks may be arranged side-by-side or above one another, Figs. 2, 3.
Patent GB-832136-A (GB)
Title: Improvements in or relating to latches
IPC: E05B17/00
Filed: 1958-04-16
Abstract: 832,136. Latches. GENERAL MOTORS CORPORATION. April 16, 1958 [April 24, 1957], No. 12092/58. Class 44 A catch comprises a pair of pivoted jaw members spring-biased towards each other, and a pair of retainer members each of which at one end is connected to one jaw member and at its other end is slidably and pivotally connected to a fixed pin. As applied to a refrigerator, in which spaced brackets 22 fixed to the outer edges of an inturned flange 14 of the cabinet support channel elements 26 and trim strips 23, a catch is located between the pair of brackets 22 within the strip 23 and comprises a channel-shaped casing 31, Fig. 4, having its open side forwardly directed in alignment with a striker opening and the strip 23. Two retainer members 36 are each slidably and pivotally connected to a fixed pin 38 and to a jaw member 41 pivotally mounted on a pin 42 in the casing 31. The jaw members are biased towards one another by springs 47 mounted on the retainer members between shoulders 46 and the pins 38. The arrangement is such that in closing the_door, a striker 29 thereon engages rollers 43 on the jaw members 41 to force the jaw members away from one another until the rollers engage surfaces 33 on the striker, whereupon, the springs 47 by rocking the jaw members 41 towards each other then assist in closing the door. The door is opened by a pull on a handle 28. In a modification, Fig. 7 (not shown), the door is opened by a foot-operated plunger located within the door jamb, and which is projected therefrom to engage the nose of the striker.
Patent GB-1462702-A (GB)
Title: Time-measuring device for an x-ray generator
IPC: H05G1/28
Filed: 1974-03-19
Abstract: 1462702 Control systems for X-ray apparatus PHILIPS ELECTRONIC & ASSOCIATED INDUSTRIES Ltd 19 March 1974 [22 March 1973] 12151/74 Heading H2H The instant at which the timing device for indicating the length an X-ray exposure period is started is delayed from the instant at which a switch in the primary circuit of the X-ray supply transformer by a period which is dependent upon the tube current thus providing an exact exposure. A pulse generator 1 generates pulses at a constant frequency of 1 kHz which are applied to a gate circuit 2. At the instant a switch-which may be a thyristor-in the primary circuit of the X-ray supply transformer is closed a pulse is applied to a time delay device 3 by a line 7. After a delay dependent upon the value of the tube current for a particular exposure, the device 3 produces an output pulse which is applied to the gate circuit 2. The gate circuit 2 thus opens to allow the pulses from the generator 1 to pass to a counter 4, the count on which is registered by display tubes 5. The exposure period is terminated by a signal from an automatic exposure device 6 which causes the switch in the primary circuit to open and at the same time the signal causes the gate 2 to block to terminate the count in the counter 4. Thus the tubes 5 display the exact measure of the exposure period. The time delay device 3 may comprise resistor-capacitor circuits and the device 6 an ionisation chamber or a photomultiplier. In a second embodiment the tube current is measured and the exposure period measured from the instant the measured tube current equals a reference current.
Patent GB-1315593-A (GB)
Title: Production of refined silicon
IPC: C01B33/037
Filed: 1971-04-29
Abstract: 1315593 Refined silicon CHRISTIANIA SPIGERVERK 29 April 1971 [4 May 1970] 12189/71 Heading C1A Technical grade silicon or ferrosilicon containing more than 60% by weight of silicon is refined by leaching continuously in an aqueous solution of hydrochloric acid, preferably containing trivalent iron, which is fed to the bottom of a reactor charged from above with the technical grade silicon or ferrosilicon in lump form whereby the lumps are attached by the acid and disintegrate into small grains which are forced upwards partly due to displacement of the disintegrated material by the lumps and partly due to the buoyancy caused by the upward flow of leach solution and by evolved or introduced gases and discharging from the top of the reactor the leached product and the hydrochloric acid solution. By controlling the rate of feed of the silicon material and/or the acid solution a quicksand-like layer of particles may form in the upper part of the reactor. Air or other gases may be introduced into the bottom of the reactor or may be finely dispersed in the leach solution before it enters the reactor. After leaving the reactor the leached product may be separated from the acid leach solution or it may be subjected to further leaching in a second reactor.
Patent GB-1198358-A (GB)
Title: Bacteria-Growth Controlling Compositions and their use
IPC: C11D3/065
Filed: 1968-03-13
Abstract: 1,198,358. Bactericidal treatment of cloth with alkyl benzene sulphonates. MONSANTO CO. 13 March, 1968 [13 March, 1967], No. 12199/ 68. Heading A5E. [Also in Division C5] A method of rendering cloth fabric resistant to the growth of bacteria comprises treating the fabric with an alkali metal or ammonium salt of a straight chain alkylbenzene sulphonate wherein the alkylbenzene portion has an average molecular weight of from 259 to 290, the alkyl groups consist predominantly of tridecyl, tetradecyl, pentadecyl or mixtures thereof, the 2-phenyl isomer content is below 20% and the average phenyl isomer content is greater than 4. The cloth may be cotton, wool, flax or hemp and the treating compositions may comprise polyphosphate builders, soaps, foaming agents, emulsifiers, detergent surfactants, supplementary builders, carbonates, sulphates, silicates, per fumes, anti-redeposition agents, and brightening agents. Particular composition ingredients used in examples are sodium tripolyphosphate, tetrasodium pyrophosphate, sodium silicate, sodium sulphate, sodium carboxymethylcellulose, sodium salts of fatty acid from coconut oil and tallow, fluorescent dye, disodium acid pyrophosphate, nonylphenol-ethylene oxide condensate, maleic anhydride-ethylene copolymer, and potassium hydroxide.