baber/WOPTO huggingface dataset:
Patent GB-976725-A (GB)
Title: Process for the production of saccharic acid
IPC: C07C51/27
Filed: 1962-03-09
Abstract: Saccharic acid is produced by a continuous process wherein an aqueous solution of d-glucose and nitric acid of concentration of at least 85% by weight, in the molecular ratio of 1:3 to 1:3.5, are added, simultaneously and continuously, at 40 DEG  to 70 DEG C. to an initial reaction mixture, prepared by the oxidation of an aqueous solution of d-glucose with nitric acid of concentration of at least 85% by weight, and a portion of the reaction mixture corresponding to the volume of the fed-in liquids is continuously withdrawn and pumped into a second vessel whereupon saccharic acid is isolated.  A particularly suitable initial reaction mixture is prepared by oxidizing 1 molecular proportion of d-glucose (grape sugar) in water with 3 to 3.5 molecular proportions of nitric acid at 40 to 70 DEG C., advantageously by first adding 1/3 to 1/2 of the acid to the aqueous glucose, which is preferably of 35 to 45% by weight strength and contains 0.1 to 0.2% by weight sodium nitrite, adding the remaining acid when the reaction has subsided and finally leaving the mixture until the reaction has again subsided.  Alternatively, the initial reaction mixture may be a portion of the reaction mixture of a previous process run.
Patent GB-594287-A (GB)
Title: Improvements in or relating to mooring anchors
IPC: E02B3/26
Filed: 1944-05-15
Abstract: 594,287. Mooring anchors. LETTING- TON, W. May 15, 1944, No. 9294. [Class 113 (i)] A mooring anchor or sinker is of hollow pyramid form and has a horizontal flange a<2>, Fig. 2, surrounding the base. The flattened top is recessed at a<1> to receive a lifting eye-bolt. Tilting shackles c, Fig. 5, are located at a<3>, a<4> on opposite ridges a<5>, or rocking shackles may be inserted through holes in the inclined faces a<6> of the anchor.
Patent GB-1377035-A (GB)
Title: Multicolour ball point pen
IPC: B43K27/02
Filed: 1973-02-26
Abstract: 1377035 Multiple retractable writing instruments SCHMIDT FABRIK FUR FEINMECHANIK Gebr 26 Feb 1973 [29 Feb 1972 19 April 1972] 9319/73 Heading B6P A multiple retractable ball-point pen includes a propelling pencil cartridge 32 in which a helical spring 38 and a pencil lead pusher (42, Fig. 2, not shown) are provided, one of which is rotatable relative to the other to advance the pencil lead. In the embodiment shown, a knurled end piece 34 is fixed to a longitudinally slotted tube 36 rotatable within the spring 38, the spring 38 being formed with an extension 48 which engages an adjacent cartridge 12 to prevent rotation of the spring. In a modification (Figs. 3, 4, not shown) the spring (54) lies within the tube (36) and the pusher (58) is of sufficient length to engage an adjacent cartridge or the edge of the pen barrel to prevent rotation thereof.
Patent GB-1379311-A (GB)
Title: Railway wagon body
IPC: B61D9/02
Filed: 1972-02-29
Abstract: 1379311 Railway wagon body COMALCO Ltd 29 Feb 1972 [2 March 1971] 9350/72 Heading B7L A railway wagon body comprises a respective bolster 22 of curved cradle formation supported at or adjacent each end of a longitudinal centre sill 10; a longitudinal shell 34 having a curved lower area matching the curve of the bolster 22; spaced transverse bulkheads 40 welded with - in the shell 34, each bulkhead 40 having an external configuration matching the internal shape of the shell 34 and extending upwardly to the upper extremity of the shell 34 at each side of the shell; and a respective longitudinal stringer 36 on each side of the wagon body supported from the bulkheads 40, the upper parts of the shell 34 being curved inwardly and connected to the stringers 36. As shown, there are three bulkheads 40, one aligned with each bolster 22 and the third mid-way between the bolsters 22. The body has end walls 38, welded within the shell 34, which slope downwardly and inwardly and are equipped with horizontal stiffeners 58 and transverse stringers 62. The wagon body is intended to be of reduced weight compared with conventional designs and may be constructed primarily from aluminium alloys. Plates 70, 72 and 76 may be attached such as by welding to the exterior of the body for engagement by beams of a tipping mechanism so that the wagon may be rolled over for unloading.
Patent GB-554090-A (GB)
Title: Improvements in typewriting machines
IPC: B41J19/76
Filed: 1942-07-06
Abstract: 554,090. Typewriters. ROYAL TYPEWRITER CO., Inc. July 6, 1942, No. 9360. Convention date, Aug. 20, 1941. [Class 100 (iv)] A blanking-feed comprises a notched wheel geared to the platen roller and actuated by a pawl pivoted to a hand-lever, the frame carrying two stops for adjustably limiting the stroke of the lever, one of the stops engaging the pawl, the amount of blanking- feed being reduced at each operation by the number of individual line spacings effected during the previous typing. The lever 22, Fig. 2, carries a pawl 38 pivoted at 37 and engaging a ratchet wheel 30, the wheel and lever pivoting on a shaft 27 mounted in a supplemental end plate 10 secured to the carriage b. Lever 22 engages a stop pin 48 carried by a plate 41 mounted on shaft 27 and provided with a pointer 46 cooperating with scale markings 47 on plate 10, plate 41 being locked in adjusted position by screws 45. Pawl 38 engages a stop 50 on an arm 62 rockable on the platen shaft 6 within limits determined by lugs 65, 66 and pin 67. The arm 62 also carries a pin 69 engaged by a lug 75 on a selector 24 slidably mounted on lever 22 to provide an increased feed for the first form of a series. The decreased feed due to the lines of type on any one form is obtained by a shield 51 extending from a disc 53 frictionally moved by the ratchet wheel 30 and holding the pawl 38 clear of the wheel during the initial movement of lever 22. The movement of the shield 51 is limited by a stop 56 and an adjustable eccentric stop 57 which engages an arm 55 on the disc 53. The shield is returned by a lug 60 on the shield engaged by a lug on the pawl 38 on the reverse movement of lever 22, the pawl finally engaging stop 56 and being thereby lifted clear of the ratchet wheel and lug 60. In a modification, Fig. 12, the supplemental end plate 110 carries a shaft 113 on which are mounted the notched wheel 115, the lever 125 with pawl 131, and a gear wheel 116 meshing with a pinion 118 on the platen shaft 6. The forward stroke of lever 125 is limited by an adjustable stop 138 and the return stroke by a stop 136 engaging a recess in the pawl. The distance between the notches in the wheel 115 corresponds with the total feed required. Specification 554,795 is referred to.
Patent GB-472959-A (GB)
Title: Improvements in or relating to printing devices applicable to weighing apparatus
IPC: G01G23/18
Filed: 1936-03-30
Abstract: 472,959. Weighing - apparatus. CUENOUD, F. March 30, 1936, No. 9375. Convention date, March 28, 1935. [Class 143] Printed records, apparatus for giving.-A printing device for a weighing-apparatus comprises a control lever 19, Fig. 2, secured to the indicator spindle 22, projections 18, 65 at the ends of the lever, a disc 1 mounted on an axially movable shaft 2, a circular set of axially movable pins 13 on the disc, the pins facing the projection 18, a rotary assemblage mounted on the shaft 2 comprising a disc 10 with a projecting stop 11 capable of abutting the pins 13 after the pins have been pushed back by the projection 18, a type wheel 26, and stepped discs 24, 25; a type sector 55, Fig. 1, manually operated means engaging the steps of the discs, means to rotate the rotary assemblage and the type sector, manually operated means for axially moving the shaft 2, and a feeler mechanism co-operating with the second projection 65 for the purpose of preventing a printing operation if the printing type is not set accurately to correspond to the indicated weight. Assuming that the machine is loaded and the indicating pointer 21 is at rest, a shaft 8 is rotated by a handle A, Fig. 1, causing a cam 7 to raise an abutment 5 and allow the shaft 2 and disc 1 to move up to the disc 10 and slide all the pins 13 into their forward positions. Further rotation of the cam actuates a lever 15 for moving the disc 1 forward until the projection 18 pushes back one or more of the opposed pins. When the cam releases the lever 15 the disc 1 resumes its original position and the cam actuates a lever 30 to remove a locking catch 29 from a disc 28 thus releasing the rotatable assemblage, including the type wheel 26, stepped discs 24, 25, and disc 10. A loaded rack 32 now rotates the assemblage until the projection 11 abuts against the retracted pin 13, thus setting the type wheel 26. A shaft 35 is now rotated by means of a handle B and cams 36, 37 actuate a peg 40 to justify and lock the type wheel 26 which has sufficient loose movement for the purpose. Further cams 44, 48 move a peg 47 into engagement with an inclined portion of the opposed step of the stepped wheel 24 and at the same time rotate the type sector 55 (for lower denomination) into printing position adjacent the type wheel 26. Further rotation of the handle B actuates a lever 60 resiliently connected to a flexible member 62 and to an element 67. When the flexible member is actuated it slides a pin 64 mounted on the disc 10, towards the projection 65. If the projection 65 obstructs the pin (which occurs if the type wheel is correctly set), the flexible element and the element 67 are not fully actuated and a printed record may be taken by pressing in a printing plunger I. If the type wheel is inaccurately set, the pin 64 passes the projection 65 and the element 67 is operated to cause (by means of a flexible connection 68) a shutter 69 to move between the printing plunger I and the type thus preventing a record from being obtained.
Patent GB-1092674-A (GB)
Title: Production of 4-nitropyrazoles
IPC: C07D231/16
Filed: 1965-03-05
Abstract: The invention comprises 4-nitropyrazoles of the general formula <FORM:1092674/C2/1> wherein R1 represents an arylsulphonyl or cycloalkyl radical and a process for the preparation of compounds of said general formula wherein R1 represents a hydrogen atom, an alkyl, cycloalkyl, aryl or arylsulphonyl radical wherein a 4-nitro-5-hydroxypyridazone-(6) of the formula <FORM:1092674/C2/2> wherein R1 has the second of the meanings given above, is heated at 50 DEG  to 180 DEG  C. in the presence of an inert solvent or suspension agent.  The reaction may be effected in neutral, acid or alkaline media, the pH of which should not exceed 10, and, when neutral or alkaline media is employed, a metal may be added as catalyst.  Specified solvents or suspension agents are water, dilute acids, alkanols, alkane-diols, dioxane, tetrahydrofuran, dimethyl sulphoxide, tetramethylene sulphone, tetramethyl-urea and N-methylpyrrolidone and specified metal catalysts are nickel, copper and iron.  The 4 - nitro - 5 - hydroxypyridazone - (6) reactants may be prepared by reaction of 4,5-dihalopyridazones-(6 with a nitrite in the molar ratio 1:3 in the presence of water at between about 50 DEG and 180 DEG  C.
Patent GB-1488875-A (GB)
Title: Fabrication of shaped artefacts
IPC: B22F3/12
Filed: 1975-02-26
Abstract: 1488875 Moulding refractories UNITED KINGDOM ATOMIC ENERGY AUTHORITY 26 Feb 1975 [1 March 1974] 9456/74 Addition to 1371894 Heading B5A [Also in Division C7] A shaped refractory article is made by compression moulding at elevated temperature a mixture of refractory powder and a thermosetting or thermoplastic binder in a mould which includes a rigid pattern preformed from a resin, and subsequently heating the moulded article to remove the binder and firing it to form the refractory article. Silicon powder with polyvinyl butyral binder is moulded at 100 C. in a metal die which includes a filled epoxy pattern which has been cast in a rubber mould. The pattern is mostly removed by grinding, the remainder disappearing on firing. Alternatively the rubber mould may be coated with a bismuth tin alloy which transfers to the pattern so that on heating the moulded article the metal melts and releases the pattern. The silicon is nitrided during firing to form a silicon nitride fluidio element. Other refractories include glasses, metals, carbides, alumina, zirconia, and technical ceramics. The rigid pattern may be of phenolic, polyester, polyamide or silicone resin.
Patent GB-564184-A (GB)
Title: Improvements in compressed air circuit breakers combined with disconnecting switches
IPC: H01H33/12
Filed: 1943-06-15
Abstract: 564,184. Gas-blast switches. ALLMANNA SVENSKA ELEKTRISKA AKTIEBOLAGET. June 15, 1943, No. 9519. Convention date, May 29, 1942. [Class 38 (v)] One or more series-connected breaking gaps of a gas-blast switch are enclosed in an insulating part of a disconnect-switch arm. Movable contacts 26, 27, mounted on the rod of a common actuating piston 24, co-operate respectively with a nozzle-contact 29, formed in a metal piece 8, and a nozzle-contact 30 mounted in the insulating cylinder 7 carrying the movable disconnect contact 51. The break 26, 29 is shunted by a resistance wound either on a cylinder in the arm or, as shown, on the outside of the arm. The arm is rotatable about axis 9 by means of a roller 17 engaging in a slot between parallel flanges 16, the roller 17 being mounted on an arm 19 of a shaft 18 driven by a shaft 21 common to all the phases. The operating and blast fluid is admitted by way of a pipe 12, Fig. 2, and annular grooves 13, 14, the latter leading to the interior of the arm by way of a further channel. On opening the switch, the arc-root is transferred from nozzle 32 to aperture 34.
Patent GB-705789-A (GB)
Title: Improvement in extrusion of thermoplastic materials
IPC: B29C48/09
Filed: 1952-04-16
Abstract: 705,789. Extruding polyamide resin. DU PONT DE NEMOURS & CO., E. I. April 16, 1952 [May 16, 1951], No. 9566/52. Class 87 (2) Molten synthetic linear polyamide resin is forced through an elongated mould or die 1 having a length at least 25 times its crosssectional diameter, the cross-section of the die being substantially uniform throughout its length the shaping surfaces of the die being separated from the resin by a layer 3 of polytetrafluoroethylene. The die is cooled by a jacket 2; and the resin issues from the die as a solid rod 4 (or tube or wire coating). A braking force is applied on the rod as it issues, by means of brakes 5. whereby a moulding pressure is developed in the resin in the die. Each brake includes a brake pad 6 of polytetrafluoroethylene which is adjustable by means of a set screw 7. Alternatively. the brakes may be spring-loaded frictional resistanceplates or a hydraulically-operated plunger having a compensating metering device designed to maintain a 'constant pressure against the shape being extruded. The P.T.F.E. layer 3 may be a thin adherent coating on the die, or may be in the form of a film, tape or tube of P.T.F.E. which is inserted into the die as an interlayer or adhered to the die. The resin is forced through the die by means of a screw, and a heater may be placed at the entrance end of the die to keep the resin molten long enough to take the shape of the die. Specifications 461,236, 461,237 and 474,999, [all in Group IV], are referred to. ,
Patent GB-115728-A (GB)
Title: Improvements in or relating Scooters.
Inventor: WAITE GEORGE
IPC: B62K9/00
Filed: 1917-07-03
Abstract: 115,728. Waite, G. July 3, 1917 Foot - cycles or scooters are fitted with one or more sets of planes or wings a, each of which is pivoted to the handle or head-piece b in such manner that it can hang vertically or occupy an horizontal position. The scooter may also be provided with a propeller f geared to the front wheel, so that it rotates as the scooter moves along the ground.
Patent GB-686165-A (GB)
Title: System for establishing telephone connections or the like in networks which may extend over several territories
IPC: H04Q3/00
Filed: 1949-04-08
Abstract: 686,165. Automatic exchange systems. STANDARD TELEPHONES & CABLES, Ltd. April 8, 1949 [June 17, 1948], No. 9591/49. Drawings to Specification. Class 40 (iv). In an international automatic telephone system, a calling number (e.g. B15 ANT 3327) consisting of a territorial code digit B and local digits is registered at the calling exchange and the territorial code and local digits are transmitted by the register in response to distinctive proceed-to-send signals Y, X returned by registers at forward exchanges. When, at any stage, an exchange is selected for tandem operation, a territorial selector is seized by a voice-frequency signal CY from a register at the preceding exchange. A proceed-to-send signal Y is then returned to the calling exchange which transmits the territorial code digit. The code digit B is transmitted again and again from the calling exchange as the proceed-to -send signal Y is returned by successive exchanges. When the connection is extended to an exchange in the territory denoted by B, a local selector is seized by a voice-frequency signal CX from a register at the preceding exchange and a proceed-tosend signal X is returned. The local digits are then transmitted from the calling exchange. The registers used in successive tandem exchanges drop out as the connection is built up. In a modification, a single seize signal is used for all calls and is followed by the territorial code. The forward exchange uses the territorial code to discriminate between local calls and tandem calls. In a further modification, the territorial code is transmitted alone. Alternative routing facilities are provided in the system described. Specification 645,303 is referred to.
Patent GB-437269-A (GB)
Title: Improvements relating to voltage regulators for road and rail vehicle electric lighting systems
IPC: H02J7/22
Filed: 1934-03-28
Abstract: 437,269. Automatic regulation. HIGHFIELD ELECTRICAL CO., Ltd., and HIGHFIELD, F. W. W., Stoney Stanton Road, Coventry. March 28, 1934, No. 9664. [Class 38 (iv)] A vibratory voltage regulator for vehicle lighting systems which may comprise one or more cores each controlling a vibratory armature b, is arranged to insert a resistance e in the circuit of the field winding or each field winding f of the dynamo g when the voltage exceeds a predetermined value and comprises on each core an ordinary shunt winding h responsive to dynamo voltage and an additional winding i arranged in shunt to a variable resistance m in series with the battery j. The winding i may assist or oppose the shunt winding h according to the type of dynamo used. The resistances e may be arranged to act as bucking coils as shown, while as shown in the Figure between the dynamo and the regulator a cut-out actuated by dynamo voltage and current may be embodied in the system. According to the Provisional Specification the coils i may be connected in series with the battery or may each be replaced by two opposing coils, one in series with the dynamo and the other in series with the lamp circuit.
Patent GB-122656-A (GB)
Title: Improvements in or relating to Connecting Rods for Internal Combustion Engines.
Inventor: RICARDO HARRY RALPH
IPC: F16H21/34
Filed: 1917-07-05
Abstract: 122,656. Ricardo, H. R. July 5, 1917. Channels and reservoirs in connecting-rods and cranks.-In an internal-combustion engine having two or more cylinders arranged in V formation, or radially, the main connecting-rod is formed with one or more lugs C which are embraced by the forked ends D<1> of the auxiliary connecting-rods D. The floating bearing-pin E is hollow and is secured by a flange E<2> at one end, and at the other end by the head F<1> of a bolt F which passes through the pin. Lubricant is supplied to the interior of the crank-pin G and passes to the interior of the pin E by a passage G<1> in the crankpin, a passage B' in the main big end, a passage in the liner C', and a passages E<3> in the pin E. The lubricant is distributed to the ends of the connecting-rod D by passages E<4>, E<5>. The lubricant may alternatively be supplied through the rod D, or through the main connecting-rod, or through both.
Patent GB-214647-A (GB)
IPC: B62L5/04
Filed: 1924-04-17
Abstract: 214,647. Schmidt, H. April 18, 1923, [Convention date]. Back-pedalling brake and free-wheel arrangements, of the type comprising an expansible screw-threaded sliding sleeve d adapted to drive the hub a and also to expand a brake sleeve g, are provided with an intermediate slid. able and rotatable ring e, which, during back-pedalling, transmits power from the sleeve d to the brake sleeve g and causes both sleeves to be expanded. The sleeve d presses the ring e against a slidable conical expanding-ring f, and is then expanded by the thread b<1> of the driving-member b against me inner surface of the hub a, which then rotates it, together with the ring e, which is frictionally or positively coupled to it. Curved projections e<3> on the ring e then engage similar projections on the conical ring f, which is prevented from rotating by a projection engaging a longitudinal groove in the bearing-cone h; the ring f thus forces the brake sleeve g against the bearing-cone h and effects its expansion. During forward pedalling, the sleeve d forces a ring c, which is non-rotatable relatively to the. hub a, against a shoulder b<3>, and the sleeve d expands against the inner surface of the hub, thus driving the latter. In a modification, the rings e, f are replaced by a single member with two conical surfaces.
Patent GB-233860-A (GB)
Title: Improvements in or relating to railway block signalling instruments
IPC: B61L23/12
Filed: 1924-04-17
Abstract: 233,860. Sykes Interlocking Signal Co., Ltd., W. R., and Henderson, J. H. April 17, 1924. Signalling-instruments.-Block signalling apparatus is arranged so as to give an alarm and avoid false indication in the event of two signalmen at opposite ends of a section operating their plungers, keys &c. simultaneously. Each instrument has a relay with two windings a, b, the junction being connected to point S in a signalling key k. The winding a is connected to line at v, and winding b is connected through a local indicator g and normally open contacts q, p to earth w. Key k carries insulated contact strips which normally bridge contacts m, n, connecting the line through point s, contact o, line indicator h, block bell relay j to earth y. A battery u is connected, through a commutator t, between earth x and a normally open contact r. The two indicators have higher resistance than is usual. Normally, winding a is short-circuited and winding b is open. Incoming currents thus pass through m, n, s, o and line indicator h and bell j. When signalling key k is operated, the circuit of the line indicator is broken at m, n, o. Signalling current passes from battery u( through commutator t, contact r to the junction of the coils a, b, and thence through coil a to line and through coil b, and local indicator g to earth w. The resultant field in the relay is insufficient to attract the relay armature c. If the distant key be simultaneously depressed, the distant battery may oppose battery u so that no current flows through coil a, or may aid battery u, so that current of approximately twice normal passes through coil a. In either case the resulting field in the relay is sufficient to attract armature c, thus closing a local alarm circuit f. This circuit is retained closed by a catch d until released by a hand-push e. When simultaneous operation of the keys occurs, current still flows from the battery u through the winding b and local indicator g, thus indicating the signal it was desired to transmit.