Patent EA-004438-B1 (EA)
Title: An apparatus for processing of materials, in particular, pre-hydrolysis of biomass or for the digestion of minerals
Inventor: GARCIA PINATTI DALTRO
IPC: C13B10/14
Filed: 2000-06-23
Abstract: 1. An apparatus for processing materials, in particular, pre-hydrolysis of biomass or for the digestion of minerals comprising: an external coating (1.1-1.7), an internal coating (2.1-2.2), are mounted by simple juxtaposition, characterized in that vacuum (3.4) is produced in the space between the internal coating (2) and the external coating (1). 2. An apparatus according to claim 1, characterized in that the external coating (1.1-1.7) is made of a structural material and the internal coating (2.1-2.2) is made of a corrosion resistant material. 3. An apparatus according to claim 2, characterized in that the structural material is selected from one of the following materials: Mo (C-1/2 Mo) carbon steel, Cr-(11/4Cr-1/2Mo, 21/4Cr-1Mo, 5Cr-Mo) steel, stainless steel (405, 410, 304, 316, 321, 347, 309, 310), heat-resistant steel (steel with high hardenability, steel with high magnetic conductivity), monel, brass, bronze or aluminum. 4. An apparatus according to claim 2, characterized in that the corrosion resistant material is selected from one of the following materials: Cr-Mo(9Cr-1/2 Mo) steel, nickel, inconel, inkolloy, khastelloy, double-phase alloy, Fe-Si, stainless, ferritic, nickel steels, lead, Cu-Ni, refractory metals and corresponding alloys. 5. An apparatus according to any one of claims 1 or 2, characterized in that that the external coating (1.1-1.7) and internal coating (2.1-2.2) are made of microbonded carbon steel and refractory material, respectively. 6. An apparatus according to claim 1, characterized in that it is a reactor of a thermo-chemical type. 7. An apparatus according to any one of claims 1 or 6, characterized in that it is a reactor of a periodic type. 8. An apparatus according to any one of claims 1-3, characterized in that the external coating (1.1-1.7) and internal coating (2.1-2.2) are mounted by simple juxtaposition. 9. An apparatus according to any one of claims 1-3, characterized in that further comprises protective rings or plates provided in seams of the internal coating made of the same material as the internal coating to avoid contamination of the internal coating material. 10. An apparatus according to any one of claims 1-9, characterized in that comprises devices for detecting and monitoring the vacuum between the external coating and the internal coating. 11. An apparatus according to claim 10, characterized in that the detection and monitoring devices detect vacuum microleakage enabling to detect microcracks in the internal coating. 12. An apparatus according to any one of claims 1-9, characterized in that the detection device of microleakages is a helium microleakage detector. 13. An apparatus according to any one of claims 1-9, characterized in that the detection device of microleakages is coupled to a vacuum line. 14. An apparatus according to claim 1, characterized in that comprises an oscillation mechanism enables the apparatus to oscillate around its horizontally arranged axis. 15. An apparatus according to claim 1, characterized in that comprises a feeder for compacting the biomass to be processed in the apparatus. 16. An apparatus according to claim 15, characterized in that the feeder is a screw feeder movably connected to the apparatus. 17. An apparatus according to claim 1, characterized in that comprises an opening cover for discharging the processed solid material. 18. An apparatus according to claim 1 or 17, characterized in that comprises a dumping mechanism cover for discharging the processed solid material. 19. An apparatus according to claim 1, characterized in that comprises a transport platform for transporting the apparatus to a site for further use.