Patent RU-2766971-C2 (RU)
Title: Method of operation of a solid fuel hot water boiler
Inventor: BEZKROVNYJ MIKHAIL GRIGOREVICH
IPC: F24H1/34
Filed: 2018-07-23
Granted: 2022-03-16
Abstract: FIELD: thermal power engineering. 
     SUBSTANCE: invention can be used in production of domestic and industrial solid-fuel water heating boilers. Solid fuel hot water boiler operation method includes solid fuel periodic loading into the solid fuel hot water boiler installed volume, which is adapted for incomplete combustion of solid fuel with formation of pyrolysis gas. Air supply to the solid fuel boiler set volume, which is adapted for solid fuel incomplete combustion, firing up the solid fuel water boiler by firing up the loaded solid fuel on its surface in the set volume of the solid fuel water boiler, which is adapted for incomplete combustion of solid fuel, further supply of pyrolysis gas from top to bottom into the set volume of solid fuel boiler, which is adapted for combustion of pyrolysis gas. Additional air supply to the set volume of the solid fuel boiler, which is adapted for the pyrolysis gas combustion, the pyrolysis gas combustion, heating water with heated substances formed during combustion of pyrolysis gas, using a heat exchange device, and subsequent removal of gaseous products of combustion of pyrolysis gas from a solid fuel water boiler into a chimney hole, as well as removal of ash formed after combustion of solid fuel from solid fuel boiler. Duration of the period between the solid fuel loads into the set volume of the solid-fuel hot water boiler is increased, which is adapted for incomplete combustion of solid fuel with formation of pyrolysis gas, during heating season, increasing mass or volume of same solid fuel, which is loaded into a solid-fuel hot water boiler at its full load, without increasing the power of the solid-fuel hot water boiler, using for this purpose air channels of solid fuel hot water boiler and gas channels of solid fuel hot water boiler in installed volume of solid fuel hot water boiler, adapted for incomplete combustion of solid fuel, with formation of pyrolysis gas. In the solid fuel boiler installed volume, which is adapted for solid fuel incomplete combustion, air is supplied through at least one air hole of primary air in solid fuel water boiler and through air channels of solid fuel water boiler from bottom to top, where air channels of solid fuel water boiler are provided with such design, that they are partially or completely open along the length from the solid fuel side and provide the passage of air to the upper surface of the solid fuel or into the volume of the solid fuel, located close to upper surface of solid fuel during its combustion and reduction of height of solid fuel relative to height of solid fuel at its initial loading, and at the same time, that air channels of solid fuel water heating boiler are not clogged with solid fuel or ash during solid fuel combustion. Providing incomplete combustion of solid fuel on upper surface of solid fuel or in volume of solid fuel located close to upper surface of solid fuel, with formation of pyrolysis gas, after which the pyrolysis gas is supplied into the solid fuel boiler volume, which is adapted for the pyrolysis gas combustion through at least one gas hole, in the solid fuel water boiler, as well as along gas channels of solid fuel hot water boiler from top to bottom, where gas channels of solid fuel hot water boiler are provided with such design, that they are partially or completely open along the length, from the solid fuel side, and provide the passage of pyrolysis gas from the solid fuel upper surface or from the solid fuel volume, located close to upper surface of solid fuel during its combustion and reduction of height of solid fuel relative to height of solid fuel at its initial loading, and at the same time, that gas channels of solid fuel water heating boiler are not clogged with solid fuel or ash during combustion of solid fuel. 
     EFFECT: invention makes it possible to increase duration of period between loads of solid fuel into solid fuel water boiler during heating season at its full initial loading, reducing the effect of solid fuel combustion on the inner surface of the installed volume of the solid fuel hot water boiler, increasing the service life of the solid fuel hot water boiler. 
     3 cl, 12 dwg