baber/WOPTO huggingface dataset:
Patent IE-65925-B1 (IE)
Title: Aqueous pharmaceutical formulations of erythropoietin and the use thereof
Inventor: BRAZEL DIETER
IPC: A61K38/18
Filed: 1991-05-07
Abstract: Aqueous pharmaceutical formulations of proteins with erythropoietin action, especially of natural human and recombinant human erythropoietin (EPO), are described. Highly purified EPO without foreign proteins or other conventional stabilisers retains at least about 78 % of its original activity at room temperature for at least 1 year in a physiologically tolerated aqueous phosphate buffer which contains a physiologically tolerated alkali metal halide but no other stabilising additives and has a pH of 6 to 8. The products in this aqueous pharmaceutical formulation are particularly suitable for subcutaneous or intramuscular administration.
Patent IE-53287-B1 (IE)
Title: Metal complexes having an antineoplastic action,and medicaments containing these complexes
IPC: A61K9/18
Filed: 1982-08-31
Abstract: PCT No. PCT/EP82/00184 Sec. 371 Date Apr. 29, 1983 Sec. 102(e) Date Apr. 29, 1983 PCT Filed Aug. 28, 1982 PCT Pub. No. WO83/00868 PCT Pub. Date Mar. 17, 1983.Metal complexes of the general formula I [R1(CH2)mC(O)CR3C(O)R2]2M(OR4)2-nXn (I) wherein M denotes titanium, zirconium or hafnium, R1 denotes hydrogen, C1-C8-alkyl or phenyl, which can be monosubstituted or polysubstituted by fluorine, chlorine, bromine, nitro, C1-C4-alkyl, C1-C4-alkoxy or trifluoromethyl, R2 denotes C1-C8-alkyl, or phenyl, which can be monosubstituted or polysubstituted by fluorine, chlorine, bromine, nitro, C1-C4-alkyl, C1-C4-alkoxy or trifluoromethyl, R3 denotes hydrogen or phenyl, R4 denotes C1-C18-alkyl, which can be substituted by hydroxyl, C1-C3-alkylamino or alkali metal sulfonato groups, or denotes C5-C8-cycloalkyl, which can be substituted by C1-C5-alkyl groups, hydroxyl or alkali metal sulfonato groups, X denotes fluorine, chlorine or bromine, m denotes the number 0 or 1, but does not denote 0 if R1 denotes hydrogen, and n denotes the number 0 or 1, and, if a radical R4 contains an amino group, hydrohalides thereof, exhibit a very good cytostatic activity, coupled with low toxicity. They are suitable for the production of medicaments having an antineoplastic action.
Patent IE-62147-B1 (IE)
Title: Improvements relating to the Making of Smoking Article Rods
Inventor: LUKE JOHN ANTHONY
IPC: A24B15/30
Filed: 1990-06-14
Abstract: Smoking article rod is made by extruding a tobacco/binder mixture, with the addition of water, to provide a rod form extrudate (36), under conditions such that the extrudate (36) is of a cross-section greater than that of the die orifice (16'). The extrudate is drawn down by, for example, passing the extrudate about two driven and peripherally grooved draw down drums (34, 35).
Patent IE-44174-B1 (IE)
Title: Bacon analog product and process for the preparation thereof
IPC: A23J3/00
Filed: 1976-10-07
Abstract: 1491666 Bacon analogue GENERAL FOODS CORP 27 Sept 1976 [10 Oct 1975] 39951/76 Heading A2B A bacon analogue having a moisture content of less than 10%, a fat content of 10- 49% a total solids content other than fat of at least 50% and a density greater than 1.03 g/cc, is made by form a first lean phase slurry and a second fat phase slurry the lean phase containing at least 10% more solids than the fat phase and the fat phase containing at least 10% more fat than the lean phase, said lean phase forming more than 50%, and said fat phase forming no more than 30% of the analogue. The product is made by preparing the said slurries together with an optional intermediate slurry, having a composition and properties intermediate the lean phase and fat phase, and forming separate layers of each slurry, heating to set the coagulable protein present, forming slices from the heat set mass and frying the slices to reduce the moisture content to less than 10%.
Patent IE-66047-B1 (IE)
Title: Guanidines
Inventor: ACKERMANN JEAN DR
IPC: C07C279/12
Filed: 1991-07-04
Abstract: The novel guanidines of the formula 
<IMAGE>
 in which, L, M, R, T and X have the meaning given in the description, and hydrates or solvates thereof, inhibit thrombin-induced platelet aggregation and fibrinogen clotting in the plasma, are prepared by amidination, or by amide formation or esterification, depending on whether L is NH or O.
Patent IE-45996-B1 (IE)
Title: Improvements in or relating to hydraulic power assisted steering mechanism
IPC: B62D5/10
Filed: 1977-11-24
Abstract: A power assisted hydraulic steering device in which the hydraulic actuators and the control valves are all contained in a common cylindrical housing surrounding a control shaft connectable to the steerable wheels of the vehicle, the actuator comprises an annular piston formed on the control shaft and housed in a cylinder defined between the control shaft and the sleeve. A control rod linked to the steering column is housed within the control shaft, which is hollow, and carries a valve element which cooperates with interior parts of the hollow control shaft to control fluid pressure applied to one side of the annular piston to cause displacement in one direction, or both sides of the annular piston, which has different areas on opposite sides, to cause displacement in the opposite direction.
Patent IE-47607-B1 (IE)
Title: Peelable bonded structure and process for preparation thereof
IPC: C08L67/00
Filed: 1978-12-04
Abstract: A peelable bonded structure comprising a metal substrate and a polyolefin layer bonded to the substrate through a primer layer, wherein the primer layer is a composition comprising (A) a modified olefin resin having a carbonyl group concentration of 0.01 to 200 milliequivalents per 100 g of the olefin resin and (B) a coating film-forming base resin at an (A)/(B) weight ratio of from 0.1/99.8 to 70/30. The primer layer has in at least one first planar region thereof a multi-layer distribution structure having a resin concentration gradient in the thickness direction such that the modified olefin resin (A) is distributed predominantly in the portion of the primer layer contiguous to the polyolefin layer and the base resin (B) is distributed predominantly in the portion of the primer layer contiguous to metal substrate, and in at least one second planar region the modified olefin resin (A) is distributed in the portion of the primer layer contiguous to the polyolefin layer at a lower distribution ratio.
Patent IE-58924-B1 (IE)
Title: Fungicides
IPC: C07C69/618
Filed: 1985-10-08
Abstract: Compounds of formula: and stereoisomers thereof, wherein X, Y and Z, which may be the same or different, are hydrogen or halogen atoms, or optionally substituted alkyl, optionally substituted alkenyl, optionally substituted aryl, optionally substituted alkynyl, heloalkyl, alkoxy, haloalkoxy, optionally substituted aryloxy, optionally substituted arylalkoxy, optionally substituted acyloxy, optionally substituted amino, optionally substituted arylazo, acylamino, nitro, nitrile, -CO2R3, -CONR4R5, -COR6, -CR7=NR8, or -N=CR9R10 groups; or the groups X and Y, when they are in adjacent positions on the phenyl ring, may join to form a fused ring, either aromatic or aliphatic, optionally containing one or more heteroatoms; and R1, R2, R3, R4, R5, R6, R7, R6, R9 and R'°, which may be the same or different, are hydrogen atoms or alkyl, cycloalkyl, alkenyl, alkynyl, optionally substituted aryl, optionally substituted aralkyl, or cycloalkylalkyl groups; and metal complexes thereof.
Patent IE-62585-B1 (IE)
Title: Process and device for depositing loose material under water, in particular covering a pipe or the like
Inventor: SCHRIECK GERARD LOUISE MARIE V
IPC: E02F5/14
Filed: 1988-10-24
Abstract: Process and device for depositing loose material (19), such as sand, under water by feeding a mixture of water and material through a tube (12) or hose (21) towards the area of the bottom of the body of water, which tube (12) or hose (21) over a length which extends adjacent to the said bottom has a succession of outflow openings (13,22) the outflow capacity of which in total is substantially the same as the quantity of mixture per unit time flowing through the tube (12) or hose (21). The tube (12) or hose (21) may cooperate with downwardly extending flaps (16,16 min ,16 sec ,16'''), disposed over the top of the length of tube (12) or hose (21) provided with the outflow openings (13,22).The tube may be a funnel (32).
Patent IE-67381-B1 (IE)
Title: Process for the manufacture of wood-fibre boards
Inventor: SUEMEGI LUDWIG
IPC: B27N1/00
Filed: 1992-02-07
Abstract: In a process for producing wood-fibre boards, the raw material is first defibrated, then mixed with aqueous binder liquor in a blast pipe. The binder-coated fibrous material thus obtained is dried to the required residual-moisture content and then spread out into strips which are converted by the action of pressure and heat into boards. The mixing procedure is carried out using a liquor containing 20-35 % by wt. of solid resin, and the amount of binder used, relative to the total dry weight of the fibre material, is less than 10 % by wt.
Patent IE-67822-B1 (IE)
Title: Process for preparing sertraline
Inventor: WILLIAMS MICHAEL TREVELYAN
IPC: C07C231/18
Filed: 1992-07-10
Abstract: PCT No. PCT/EP92/01497 Sec. 371 Date Jan. 10, 1994 Sec. 102(e) Date Jan. 10, 1994 PCT Filed Jul. 3, 1992 PCT Pub. No. WO93/01162 PCT Pub. Date Jan. 21, 1993.The invention provides the substantially geometrically pure cis-stereoisomeric form of a compound of formula (I) and the substantially geometrically and optically pure cis-stereoisomeric form of a compound of formula (II):    <IMAGE>  (I)   <IMAGE>  (II)  wherein R1 is H or C1-C4 alkyl, together with processes for their preparation. The compounds are intermediates for the preparation of the antidepressant agent known as sertraline.
Patent LU-102118-B1 (LU)
Title: Reinigungssystem für Fahrzeuge
Inventor: SERPELONI ÂNGELO ROBERTO
IPC: F04D29/60
Filed: 2020-10-08
Granted: 2022-02-14
Abstract: Reinigungssystem für Fahrzeuge mit einer Pumpe (3) mittels derer ein Reinigungsfluid auf eine zu reinigende Fläche gefördert wird. Die Pumpe (3) ist mittels einer Halterung (1) an einem Strukturbauteil des Fahrzeugs oder an einem Speicherbehälter (5) für das Reinigungsfluid montierbar. Gemäß der Erfindung umfasst die Haiterung (1) einen ersten Haltering (10) zur Aufnahme der Pumpe (3) und einen zweiten Haltering (20) mit mindestens einem Montageflansch (40) zum Montieren der Halterung (1) an einem Strukturbauteil des Fahrzeugs oder an einem Speicherbehälter (5) für das Reinigungsfluid wobei der erste Haltering (10) und der zweite Haltering (20) durch mindestens zwei Stege (30) aus einem elastischen Material im Wesentlichen konzentrisch zueinander und voneinander beanstandet gehalten werden.
Patent LU-102396-B1 (LU)
Title: Road network balanced drainage method aimed at reducing urban waterlogging
Inventor: NIAN DAWU
IPC: E01C1/02
Filed: 2020-06-16
Granted: 2021-09-13
Abstract: The present invention relates to a road network balanced drainage method aimed at reducing urban waterlogging. According to the drainage demand, the existing intersection elevation is changed or the intersection elevation that meets the drainage requirement is designed and implemented in new construction so that the intersection drainage (water flowing out of the intersection) is distributed according to the desired proportion; the water flowing to the water accumulation position (the waterlogging point) is transferred to reduce the waterlogging degree. Through the analysis of the depth of water accumulation in the whole road network, the method of water flow distribution at the intersection is used to make the precipitation flow evenly distributed in the whole road network. The present invention can be used for solving serious water accumulation of a certain road section and can also be used for the balanced drainage of the whole road network. The present invention can be used not only for the technical transformation of existing intersections but also for the planned and designed roads. The method of the present invention can effectively eliminate and prevent urban waterlogging.
Patent LU-503919-B1 (LU)
Title: Facial expression recognition method based on attention-modulated contextual spatial information
Inventor: XU DATONG
IPC: G06V40/16
Filed: 2023-02-01
Granted: 2023-10-06
Abstract: The invention discloses a facial expression recognition method based on attention-modulated contextual spatial information specifically. And the specific steps are as follows: S1: Acquire a public data set of a natural scene facial expression image to be trained, and pre-process the facial expression image; S2: Construct an attention-modulated contextual spatial information network model for facial expression recognition in natural scenes; S3: Train the attention-modulated contextual spatial information network model (ACSI) by using the pre-processed facial expression image; S4: Repeat the model training in step S3 until the set training times are reached, obtain the trained deep residual network model, and use the trained deep residual network model to recognize facial expression. The combination of contextual convolution and coordinated attention can significantly improve the performance of facial expression recognition. Compared with similar algorithms, ACSI has higher recognition performance on public expression datasets.
Patent NO-302222-B1 (NO)
Inventor: ETZEL MARK R
IPC: B41M5/385
Filed: 1988-07-29
Abstract: A high resolution thermal imaging medium including a support web having an image forming surface of a material which may be temporarily liquified by heat and upon which is deposited a particulate or porous layer of an image forming substance which is wettable by the material during its liquified state.
Patent NO-300779-B1 (NO)
Inventor: BREIPOHL GERHARD
IPC: A61K38/00
Filed: 1991-04-25
Abstract: Peptides of the formula I A-B-C-E-F-K-(D)-Tic-G-M-F'-I     (I> in which A is hydrogen, alkyl, alkanoyl, alkoxycarbonyl, alkylsulphonyl, cycloalkyl, aryl, arylsulphonyl, heteroaryl or an amino acid, each of which can optionally be substituted, B is a basic amino acid, C is a di- or tripeptide, E is the residue of an aliphatic or alicyclic-aliphatic amino acid, F is, independently of one another, an amino acid which is optionally substituted in the side chain or is a direct bond, G is an amino acid, F' is defined as F, can be -NH-(CH2)2-8 or a direct bond, I is -OH, -NH2 or -NHC2H5, and K is a radical -NH-(CH2)1-4-CO-, or is a direct bond, have a bradykinin-antagonistic action. Their therapeutic uses comprise all pathological states which are mediated, induced or assisted by bradykinin and bradykinin-related peptides. The peptides of the formula I are prepared by known methods of peptide synthesis.
Patent NO-309592-B1 (NO)
Inventor: BROBERG LARS
IPC: A23L13/00
Filed: 1994-03-30
Abstract: A breadcrumb coating for food products which are to be cooked in the oven comprises cereal crumbs, a source of reducing sugars and more than 7% by weight of fats, preferably from 8 to 12% by weight. It is obtained by cooking and extruding the mixture of starting ingredients, grinding and finally drying the ground product.
Patent NO-302231-B1 (NO)
Inventor: SCHWARK JAN-ROBERT
IPC: C07C279/22
Filed: 1995-01-24
Abstract: Perfluoroalkyl-substd. phenylalkanoic acid guanidides of formula (I) and their salts are new: Ra, Rb = H, halogen, CN, OR6, 1-8C alkyl, 3-8C cycloalkyl, Or(CH2)aCbF2b+1 or NR7R8; r = 0 or 1; a = 0-4; b = 1-8; R6-R8 = H, 1-8C alkyl, 3-8C alkenyl, 3-8C cycloalkyl, or phenyl or benzyl opt. substd. by 1-3 of F, Cl, CF3, Me, OMe and NR9R10; R9, R10 = H, 1-4C alkyl or 1-4C perfluoroalkyl; x = 1-3; R1-R5 = H, 1-8C alkyl, 3-8C cycloalkyl, Or(CH2)aCbH2b+1, halogen or CN; provided that ≥ 1 of R1-R5, Ra and Rb = Or(CH2)aCbH2b+1.
Patent NO-309929-B1 (NO)
Inventor: FOSTER DAVID
IPC: C02F1/00
Filed: 1995-06-08
Abstract: A mains water filter comprises sand and activated carbon to remove pesticides. The carbon may be mixed with sand or may form a layer 3 sandwiched between upper and lower layers 4, 5 of sand. The carbon may be loose or contained in textile bags, which may be internally divided and are placed on the lower sand layer. The filter forms a large rectangular bed with an overhead gantry carrying means for levelling the layers as they are applied and possibly for progressively removing sections of the upper layer as they clog, until the overall bed thickness is so reduced that the bed must be replaced. <IMAGE>
Patent NO-309573-B1 (NO)
Inventor: SCHRICK BERNARD VAN DER
IPC: C08F4/642
Filed: 1995-09-21
Abstract: Olefins are polymerised in contact with a catalyst system contg. (a) a solid catalytic complex based on Mg, a transition metal and a halogen, obtd. by (i) reacting (I) an oxygenated organo-Mg cpd. or a halogenated Mg cpd. with (II) an oxygenated organic cpd. or a halogenated cpd. of a transition metal of Gps. IVB or VB, to give a liq. complex, (ii) precipitating. the complex by means of a cpd. of formula AlRnX3-n, to give a solid catalytic complex, (iii) sepg. the solid complex, and (iv) treating the solid complex with a cpd. of formula AlRnX3-n, and (b) an organic cpd. of a metal of Gps. IA, IIA, IIB, IIIA or IVB. R = hydrocarbo gp.; X = halogen; n = less than 3.
Patent AT-525726-B1 (AT)
Title: Doppeltwirkende Schraube
Inventor: EDUARD HOLZBAUER
IPC: F16B5/02
Filed: 2022-07-14
Granted: 2023-07-15
Abstract: Durch die doppeltwirkende Schraube (4) wird ermöglicht, durch Drehen an einem beliebigen Schlüsselansatz (6) zwei Profile zusammenzuziehen und durch Drehen in die Gegenrichtung zwei Profile auseinanderzudrücken. Der Abstand von Innenseite Schraubenkopf (1) bis Anfang Sicherungsring (2) entspricht der Stärke eines Profils. Das Gewinde (5) ist kleiner als der Schraubenkopf (1). Der Sicherungsring (2) wird auf die vorhandene Nut (3) nach der Schraubenmontage geschoben. Anstelle vom Sicherungsring (2) kann auch ein Splint, Federstecker, Wurmschraube oder dergleichen, je nach benötigter Druckwirkung, verwendet werden.
Patent AT-517149-B1 (AT)
Title: 3D-Scanner
IPC: G06T17/00
Filed: 2015-05-12
Granted: 2018-04-15
Abstract: 3D-Scanner mit einer Vielzahl von im Umfang eines Raumvolumens in allen drei Raumrichtungen feststehend angeordneten und zu der Mitte des Raumvolumens ausgerichteten Kameras (1), wobei die Kameras an den Innenseiten einer im wesentlichen geschlossenen, aber temporär öffenbaren Box (4) zusammen mit mindestens einer, vorzugsmäßig einer Vielzahl von Strahlungsemissionsquellen (3) angeordnet sind, und wobei eine für die Strahlung transparente Platte (2) zum Tragen von zu fotografierenden Objekten innerhalb der Box angeordnet ist, wobei die transparente Platte derart das Raumvolumen der Box in zwei Teilvolumina trennt, daß sich mindestens eine Kamera in jedem Teilvolumen befindet.
Patent AT-516717-B1 (AT)
Title: Brennkraftmaschine
Inventor: FUCHS JOCHEN
IPC: F02M21/02
Filed: 2015-05-26
Granted: 2016-08-15
Abstract: Brennkraftmaschine, mit einem Zylinderkopf (1) und wenigstens einer Kolben-Zylinder- Einheit, in welcher in einem Zylinder (2) ein Kolben (3) zwischen einer unteren und einer oberen Totpunktlage bewegbar ist, wobei im Zylinder (2) durch den Kolben (3) und den Zylinderkopf (16) ein Hauptbrennraum (12) ausgebildet ist, der mit einer Vorkammer (4) in Verbindung steht, die ein Vorkammergasventil (5) aufweist und wobei Ein- und Auslassventile (6, 7) des Hauptbrennraums (12) durch einen Aktuator (8) betätigt sind, wobei das Vorkammergasventil (5) mit einer Quelle für ein Gas-Luft-Gemisch verbunden ist und die Vorkammerladung aus einem Gas-Luft-Gemisch mit einem Lambda größer als 1 ,2, bevorzugt größer als 1,5, besonders bevorzugt größer als 1,7 besteht und dass der Aktuator (8) derart konfiguriert ist, dass das Einlassventil (6) schließt, bevor der Kolben (3) die untere Totpunktlage erreicht, wobei der Kolben (3) als Flachkolben ausgeführt ist.
Patent AT-506272-B1 (AT)
Title: Verfahren zum betreiben eines elektrofahrzeuges
Inventor: FISCHER ROBERT DR
IPC: H02J9/06
Filed: 2009-04-02
Granted: 2015-01-15
Abstract: Die Erfindung betrifft ein Verfahren zum Betreiben eines Elektrofahrzeuges, welches zumindest eine elektrische Antriebsmaschine, zumindest einen elektrischen Energiespeicher, sowie zumindest eine Stromerzeugungseinrichtung aufweist, wobei die Stromerzeugungseinrichtung ab einem definierten Ladezustandes (SOC) des elektrischen Energiespeichers aktiviert wird. Um die Kosten des Elektrofahrzeuges zu verringern und Bauraum einzusparen ist vorgesehen, dass die Stromerzeugungseinrichtung für einen mittleren Leistungsbedarf der elektrischen Antriebsmaschine bei einer definierten Dauergeschwindigkeit des Elektrofahrzeuges in der Ebene ausgelegt wird und dass die Stromerzeugungseinrichtung noch vor Erreichen einer unteren technischen Betriebsgrenze des Ladezustandes des elektrischen Energiespeichers bei einem definierten Einschaltladezustand (SOC1) aktiviert wird, wobei der Einschaltladezustand (SOC1) in Bezug auf die untere technische Betriebsgrenze (SOC2) eine Energiereserve (R) des elektrischen Energiespeichers definiert, deren Größe so bemessen wird, dass in Anzahl, Größe und/oder Dauer definierte Spitzenleistungen, vorzugsweise Fahrzeugbeschleunigungen und/oder Steigungen abgedeckt werden können.
Patent AT-508538-B1 (AT)
Title: Wärmetauscher
IPC: F28F27/00
Filed: 2010-04-21
Granted: 2016-02-15
Abstract: In einem Wärmetauscher, insbesondere einem Plattenwärmetauscher, sind die Wärmetauscherplatten (1) aus Metall, das durch eine Beschichtung (10) geschützt ist. Beispielsweise ist ein Edelstahl mit einer Kunststoffbeschichtung aus FEP versehen. Durch eine Überwachungseinrichtung (11, 12, 13) sind Beschädigungen der Beschichtung (10) feststellbar. Hierzu ist das Metall der Wärmetauscherplatten (1) elektrisch leitend mit mindestens einem Überwachungsleiter (11) verbunden, wobei dieser Überwachungsleiter (11) an anderer Stelle, direkt oder über eine Sammelleitung (12), mit einem durch den Wärmetauscher strömenden Medium elektrisch leitend verbunden ist. Ein als Folge einer Beschädigung der Beschichtung (10) bewirktes Schließen eines Stromkreises löst über eine Überwachungsstation (13) ein Signal oder eine Anzeige aus. Dadurch ist, ohne den Wärmetauscher zu Kontrollzwecken auseinander nehmen zu müssen, jederzeit die Sicherheit gegeben, dass in dessen Strömungsraum keine unbemerkte Korrosion stattfindet.
Patent AT-512947-B1 (AT)
Title: Steckleiste
IPC: E04D13/15
Filed: 2012-07-09
Granted: 2013-12-15
Abstract: Die Erfindung betrifft eine Steckleiste für Blechprofile, die bei Blechverkleidungen als Abschluss durchdringungsfrei montiert werden müssen, insbesondere für Abdeckbleche (6) entlang von Ortgängen von Dächern, wobei die Steckleiste (1) ein U-förmiges Profil aufweist, mit einem untergrundseitig vorzusehenden längeren Schenkel (2), der über einen Rücken (9) mit einem schauseitig vorzusehenden kürzeren Schenkel (3) verbunden ist.Um eine durchdringungsfreie und optisch einwandfreie Abdeckung zu erreichen, wird vorgeschlagen, dass im längeren, untergrundseitigen Schenkel (2) in dem dem kürzeren Schenkel (3) gegenüberstehenden Bereich Einkerbungen (4) vorgesehen sind, die in die Nut (8) des Profils und in Richtung zum Rücken (9) ragen.
Patent BG-61184-B1 (BG)
Inventor: HUGENS JOHN RICHMOND JR
IPC: B22D15/04
Filed: 1991-09-23
Abstract: Метод за производство на формовани фасонни изделия, който включва подаване на непре-
къснат поток разтопен материал към форма, имаща две срещулежащи движещи се повърхности и
формоващи средства, поставени в място между срещулежащите повърхности на искани интервали
така, че разделят разтопения материал на отделни сегменти, при което формоващите средства се
задържат в разтопения материал по време на неговото преминаване в твърдо състояние, като се
оформят формовани фасонни изделия от материала, който кристализира по същество. След това
кристализиралият материал се отстранява под формата на фасонни изделия. Срещулежащите
движещи се повърхности са плоски, а формоващите средства са прикрепени към едната или двете
движещи се повърхности.