Patent GB-777466-A (GB)
Title: Process for rendering fibrous materials water-repellent
IPC: D06M13/188
Filed: 1954-05-18
Abstract: 777,466. Waterproofing fibrous material. FARBWERKE HOECHST AKT. - GES. VORM. MEISTER, LUCIUS & BRUNING. May 18, 1954 [May 18, 1953], No. 14613/54. Class 140. Fibrous material is rendered water-repellent by treating with a solution in an organic solvent of a mineral salt of aluminium containing for each gram-atom of aluminium 1.5 to 2.8 gram ions of the acid radicle of an organic monobasic acid boiling below 200‹ C. under normal atmospheric pressure or subliming below that temperature, together with 0.2 to 1.5 gram ions of the acid radicle of a sparingly volatile organic acid compound of high molecular weight capable of forming salts with aluminium, the total amount of acid radicles being 3.0 gram-ions per gram-atom of aluminium. The solution may also contain a hydrophobic organic substance of high molecular weight dissolved therein. The treated fibrous material may be subjected to heat treatment in the presence or absence of moisture, e.g. in a drying cabinet or by ironing or hot pressing. Sparingly volatile compounds are those which boil above 260‹ C. under normal pressure or do not sublime below that temperature. Suitable organic monobasic acids which boil or sublime below 200‹ C. are formic acid, acetic acid, propionic acid, benzoic acid, chloracetic acid, cyclopentane carboxylic acid and thiophene - α - carboxylic acid. Suitable sparingly volatile organic acid compounds are aliphatic, alicyclic, aromatic or heterocyclic, sulphinic acids, sulphonic acids, monosulphuric acid esters, sulphamic acids, phosphonic acids, phosphoric acid esters, diacyl-amides containing carboxyl and/or sulphonyl groups and sulphonamides; further suitable compounds are listed. Especially valuable tribasic mineral salts of aluminium are those of 2 to 2.5 mols. of a monobasic aliphatic carboxylic acid of low molecular weight such as formic acid or acetic acid and of 0.5 to 1 mol. of a soap-forming fatty acid such as palmitic acid, stearic acid or oleic acid. Instead of the preformed tribasic mineral salt of aluminium there may be used a mixture of the components required for making it such as a mixture of an aluminium alcoholate and the acids required to form the salt. The aluminium alcoholate may be used in the form of an addition product thereof with carbon dioxide or sulphur dioxide; or in the form of an alkoxoacid thereof which may be rendered stable to moisture by means of a volatile organic substance capable of forming complex compounds. Suitable aluminium alcoholates are listed. Suitable organic solvents are benzine, benzene, carbon tetrachloride, trichlorethylene, perchlorethylene. Suitable hydrophobic organic substances of high molecular weight are paraffin waxes, natural or synthetic waxes or chlorinated hydrocarbons; suitable compounds are listed. Vegetable, animal or synthetic fibrous materials may be treated, either in the finished or unfinished state. After treating the fibrous material at the ordinary or a raised temperature with the impregnating solution, the excess of the latter is removed by draining or squeezing and the fabric is dried. A small quantity of another inert thickly oily to solid non-hydrophilic organic substance of high molecular weight which is soluble in organic solvents may be added to the impregnation bath. Specified additives are rubber, rubber hydrochloride, synthetic rubber, shellac, phenoplastics, aminoplastics, alkyd resins, maleic acid ester resin, vinyl polymers, polyethylene, polyisobutylene, natural or synthetic esters of aliphatic polyhydric alcohols of high molecular weight with higher carboxylic acids, higher esters of phthalic acid or nitrocellulose. Examples show the use of the following aluminium salts: monostearate di-acetate; acetate stearate; benzoate stearate; didodecyl - phosphate acetate; monophthalimide di-acetate; di-acetate monolaurate; mono-acetate di-naphthoate; mono-acetate di- (12-hydroxystearate).