baber/WOPTO huggingface dataset:
Patent GB-391155-A (GB)
Title: Porous metal and process of producing same
IPC: B22F3/11
Filed: 1931-10-13
Abstract: Porous metal articles such as bearings, brake linings, and brushes for dynamo-electric machines, are made from briquettes, moulded from an intimate mixture of powdered sponge iron and a volatile lubricant, and sintered by an electric current in a reducing or inert atmosphere such as hydrogen, helium, or illuminating gas.  In an example, sponge iron produced by the reduction of ferric oxide, is mixed with 2-5 per cent of stearic acid, preferably dissolved in volatile solvent such as ether which is allowed to volatilize prior to briquetting.  The article to be produced is moulded at high pressure and then heated by passing an electric current, primary or induced, through the article. The stearic acid which prevents the formation of metallic oxides and reduces the push-out pressure from the mould is driven off before the sintering temperature is reached. Palmitic, oleic, or other fatty acids, or lubricating oil may be used in place of stearic acid.  To cool the briquettes after sintering, and prevent their oxidation, they are removed from the heating furnace and immediately quenched in oil.  Specification 365,068 is referred to.
Patent GB-616943-A (GB)
Title: Improvements in or relating to swivel joints for arms of adjustable electric light fittings
IPC: F21V21/26
Filed: 1946-09-24
Abstract: 616,943. Supporting lamps. CEDERBORG, S. T. Sept. 24, 1946, No. 28552. [Class 75 (iii)] [Also in Group XXV] The arms 10, 11 of an adjustable electric light fitting are connected by a swivel joint consisting of a hollow bolt 19 and nut 20 passing through the flat ends 16, 17 of plates 12, 13 having tubular portions 14, 15 secured to the arms, the electric conductors 21 to the light fitting being passed through the bolt 19. The ends 16, 17 are separated by a hard fibre washer 18 and the end 17 is provided with a tooth 26 engaging a groove 27 in the bolt 19 to prevent loosening of the nut 20. The joint is covered by shields 22, 23 secured to the portions 14, 15 and slotted at 24, 25 to allow relative movement. Wear of the conductors is prevented by protection plates 28, 29.
Patent GB-988452-A (GB)
Title: Stainless steel
Inventor: SMOLINSKI JOSEF
IPC: C22C38/46
Filed: 1962-07-25
Abstract: A hardenable stainless steel has a composition within the following range .Cr.8 -14% .Ni.8 -12% .Ti and/or Al.0.5- 2% one of the metals .Mo.0.5- 6% .V.0.5- 4% .Cu.0.5- 8% .Co.0.5- 6% .W.0.5- 6% or two or more of these metals in total amount 0.5-6% .C.not over 0.03% .Fe.the balance The alloy may also include one or more of Ca, B and Zr in total amount up to 0.2%.  The alloy is solution heat-treated at about 850  DEG C. and cooled in air or quenched in water. Following cold working or machining it is then hardened in the range 350-550  DEG C. and cooled in air or quenched in water.
Patent GB-719231-A (GB)
Title: Improvements relating to the desulphurisation of petroleum hydrocarbons
IPC: C10G45/24
Filed: 1951-12-07
Abstract: In a hydrocatalytic desulphurization process a cracked naphtha of which at least 90 per cent. boils below 200 DEG C. is mixed with a straight-run naphtha of substantially the same boiling range in such proportions that on passing the mixture over a sulphur-resistant dehydrogenation-hydrogenation catalyst under controlled conditions of temperature and pressure, an amount of hydrogen is obtained by dehydrogenation of naphthenes contained in the mixture not substantially in excess of that required to convert organically combined sulphur contained in the mixture into hydrogen sulphide and to maintain a circulation of hydrogen sufficient to keep the mixture in the vapour phase without the need for hydrogen from an extraneous source.  The catalyst may be a mixture of the oxides of cobalt and molybdenum, or a chemical compound of cobalt, molybdenum and oxygen, either alone or distended on a support, such as alumina.  The process may be carried out at a pressure below 150 p.s.i.ga. at a temperature between 750 DEG  and 830 DEG F., and by passing the mixture over the catalyst at a space velocity of 0.5 to 3.0 v/v/hour of liquid feedstock.  Specifications 654,152 and 708,244 are referred to.
Patent GB-915172-A (GB)
Title: Improvements relating to tensioners for aprons in drafting mechanisms of textile spinning machines
IPC: D01H5/88
Filed: 1960-08-18
Abstract: 915,172. Tensioners for drafting aprons. RIETER & CIE A.G., JOH. JACOB. Aug. 18, 1960 [Aug. 18, 1959], No. 28719/60. Class 120 (2). A tensioner 7 for aprons of drafting mechanisms in textile spinning machines is adapted to be inserted in a hollow groove 6 in an apron bar 4 and has resiliently deformable holding means to secure the tensioner in position inside the groove. In Fig. 2 the tensioner comprises a leaf-spring 8 having at its lower end a curved portion over which the apron runs, and on to which a guide member 12 with belt guiding lugs 13 is welded. The resilient holding means comprises the bent-over upper portion 9 of the leafspring 8 which is corrugated and secured to a corrugated strip 10, the width of which corresponds to the width of the dove-tailed, hollow groove 6. In other forms the strip 10 or portion 9 may be plain or the portion 9 may be folded and corrugated (see Fig. 3, not shown).
Patent GB-379136-A (GB)
Title: Improvements in lever balances for weighing purposes
IPC: G01G21/00
Filed: 1931-10-17
Abstract: 379,136. Weighing - apparatus; bearings. HOLDSWORTH, G. H., 151, Renfield Street, Glasgow. Oct. 17, 1931, No. 28899. [Class 143.] In a lever balance for weighing bags of coal &c. the weighing beam 1 is provided, for each knife-edge centre, with a long inwardlydirected boss 4 to receive a long shank 21 integral with the centre so as to afford substantially encastrÚ support for the cantilever constituted by the overhung centre. The shank 21 may be of polygonal cross section to prevent rotation and is tapered to the extremity which is provided with a nut 7. A shoulder 8 affords additional support to the centre.
Patent GB-340040-A (GB)
Title: Improvements in or relating to fluid operated brakes
IPC: B60T13/48
Filed: 1929-09-24
Abstract: 340,040. Fluid -pressure brakes. EDGE, S. H. and CLAYTON DEWANDRE CO., Ltd., Titanic Works, Lincoln. Sept. 24, 1929, No. 28977. [Class 103 (i).] Independently operable servo-assisted hand and foot brake mechanisms on a tractor vehicle are connected to the fluid-pressure brake mechanism of a trailer vehicle through two transmission paths 6<1>, 7 in such a manner that when either or both the hand or foot mechanism is actuated the transmission path connected to the mechanism applying the stronger braking force is rendered effective whilst the other transmission path is blocked. The hand and foot brake levers are connected to separate vacuum servo devices for the brakes of the tractor vehicle and the pipes 6<1>, 7 connect the servo devices to a valve casing 8 controlling the brakes of the trailer vehicle through a pipe 9 arranged to pass through the king pin of the trailer. Pipes 14, 15 connect the pipes 6<1>, 7 with diaphragms or pistons 12, 13 connected by rods 16 to levers 17 the lower ends of which are joined by a rod 18 on which are mounted two valve members 19, 19a coacting with seatings 32 in a casing 23 having inlets 20 from the pipes 14, 15 and a common outlet 21 to the pipe 9. The rod 18 passes through bearings 22 on the casing 23. The inlets 20 are each controlled by a cylindrical valve 25 and a coacting mushroom valve 29 normally urged by springs 26, 30 into the position shown closing the inlets 20 and connecting the casing 23 with the atmosphere through openings 27, 33 and 34, the spindles 28 of the mushroom valves being pivoted to the upper ends of the levers 17. When either the foot or hand brake is actuated one of the diaphragms 12 or 13 is placed in communication with the vacuum servo device and is operated to move rod 16 and lever 17 closing the port 27 and moving the cylindrical valve member 25 to connect the casing 23 to the pipe 61 or 7. The valve rod 18 is also moved to open communication between the pipe 9 and the inlet 20 which has been connected to vacuum and close communication with the other inlet 20. The cylinder of the trailer brakes is thus placed under vacuum and the brakes applied. When the brakes of the tractor are released the springs 26, 30 move the valves 25, 29 to their normal positions shown, connecting the pipe 9 to atmosphere and releasing the trailer brakes. Should both hand and foot brakes be applied simultaneously either control valve 19 or 19a is opened according to whichever servo device is under the greater vacuum.
Patent GB-1224612-A (GB)
Title: Apparatus for use in studying the images of specimens
Inventor: MARSH DAVID MALCOM
IPC: G02B21/00
Filed: 1967-06-23
Abstract: 1,224,612. Automatic position control. T.I. (GROUP SERVICES) Ltd. Sept. 23, 1968 [June 23, 1967], No. 29003/67. Heading G1A. [Also in Divisions G2-3] The invention relates to an optical apparatus for studying specimens particularly for investigating the minute cracks extending radially from the surface of tubes. In such an apparatus part of an image forming beam of light is reflected by a cube-prism 74 to a position 98 where it can be studied; the rest of the beam is allowed to pass through the prism to form an image on a photo-sensitive device 93-95 arranged to produce a control signal which is used to keep the image in a fixed position relative to the device 93-95 while the cube-prism 74 is rotated to move the reflected image across the position 98. The tubular specimen 20 is mounted upon a rotatable and rectilinearly displacable turn-table (37) Figs. 1, 2, 8 (not shown) above an objective lens 45 and is illuminated by a lamp 81. The image forming beam from lens 45 is deflected by a first prism 72 to the prism 74; a part of the beam passes through to a third prism 75. Prism 75 divides the beam to form two images, one on the photo-cells 93-95 and one 79 which is viewed through a binocular eye-piece Fig.2 (not shown). The image of the edge of specimen 20 lies across the centre cell 94 which is thus partially illuminated while another of the cells is fully illuminated and the third not at all. A comparison circuit (not shown) compares the output of cell 94 with the average of cells 93, 95 and generates an error signal. The prism 72 is mounted on a stiff pivot and attached to a coil in the fashion of a galvanometer. The error signal is applied to the coil to deflect prism 72 and therefore move the image to reduce the error signal; this would bring the image in the eye-piece to the position shown in Fig. 14a and a small bias is introduced, dependent on the curvature of the specimen, to bring the image to the position shown in Fig. 15. The prism 74 deflects part of the beam to a small aperture 99 which is viewed by a photo-multiplier 100; as the specimen 20 is rotated on the turn-table the photomultiplier 100 views a narrow band of its surface parallel to the circumference. After each revolution of the turn-table a stepping motor rotates prism 74 through a small angle to bring the next band into view. The automatic control corrects for the deflection produced by refraction in prism 72 and also for any irregularity in the specimen as it rotates to maintain the image always in the centre of the field of view of the eye-piece. An additional light path 125-131 by-passing prism 72 superposes on the image in the eyepiece a marker indicating the part of the specimen being studied by the photomultiplier 100. An additional low power objective 46 is used in setting up the apparatus. The output of photo-multiplier is applied to a counter which counts the number of cracks crossing each band of the image.
Patent GB-283311-A (GB)
Title: Improvements in furnace grates
IPC: F23H9/00
Filed: 1926-11-18
Abstract: 283,311. Hushes, J. S., and Hopper, L. C. Nov. 18, 1926. Firebars and grates. - A furnace grate is composed of longitudinal firebars comprising twin longitudinal members A, B spaced apart by distance pieces C and supporting removable members D the webs of which are of less width than the fuel-support.- porting surfaces provided with air passages K. The tops of the members A, B are preferably enlarged at F to engage with corresponding gaps G in the webs of the members D. To facilitate removal of the members D, gaps Hare provided in the enlargements F. Special members D<1>, Fig. 6, are provided at the front of the grate and are secured in position by split pins. These members are first removed to allow for removal of the remaining members. The bars are provided at the ends with tapered gudgeon pins M resting in recesses in the deadplate and bridge plate. The bars are interconnected and may be rocked simultaneously or in sections.
Patent GB-918057-A (GB)
Title: Improvements in applying decorative motifs (decorations) to articles
IPC: B44C1/26
Filed: 1961-08-11
Abstract: 918,057. Punching. PEDROLIT G.m.b.H. Aug. 11, 1961 [Aug. 24, 1960], No. 29126/61. Class 31 (2). [Also in Groups XV and XXII] Decorative motifs (e.g. studs simulating nail heads, letters, strips &c.) are applied to an article to be decorated by being punched out by means of a punching tool which retains the motif, and the punching tool together with the motif is taken out of the punching machine, placed on the article to be decorated and the motif cemented or welded on to the article. The decorative motif may be punched out of material consisting at least partly of synthetic material, and the punching tool may be fitted to the presser of a welding appliance and the motif welded on to an article consisting of a synthetic material at least on the side to be decorated. Several motifs may be punched out in a single operation and welded or cemented in another single operation. The punch 4 (Fig. 1) has at its lower end a knife edge 6 (which may be circular) which diverges upwardly internally to a point 7 from which it converges upwardly to a point 8, thus forming two oppositely directed chamfers. Thus the disc or motif to be cut out is retained in the punch by the chamfer 9 but is prevented from rising too far inside the punch by the chamfer 10. On welding the motif to the base or article 5, the knife edge 6 penetrates into the upper part of the article and causes the motif to take up a cambered form.
Patent GB-604162-A (GB)
Title: Improvements in and relating to the production of electrolytic recording solutions
IPC: B41M5/20
Filed: 1945-11-02
Abstract: Dry mixes for use in producing electrolytic recording solutions comprise a source of diazonium ions (viz. a mixture of a diazotizable amine and a nitrite, or a stabilized diazoamino compound) together with an electrolyte and, as a coupler, a naphtholsulphonic acid having at least one sulphonic acid group neutralized by an alkylolamine or morpholine.  An inorganic alkali may be added if necessary to make the final solution sufficiently alkaline, and other optional ingredients include wetting agents. The coupling components may be prepared from the naphtholsulphonic acids enumerated in Specification 603,280 and, in the case of the morpholine salts, by the methods described therein.  The alkylolamine salts may be prepared by treating the naphtholsulphonic acid with a solution of the alkylolamine in a volatile inert solvent, e.g. alcohol, or in morpholine (whereby in some cases a mixed alkylolaminemorpholine salt is obtained).  In the case of naphtholpolysulphonic acids, the proportions of the reactants may be chosen so that one or more of the sulphonic acid groups is neutralized, whilst if desired one sulphonic acid group may be neutralized with an alkylolamine or morpholine and another by an alkali metal.  The stabilized diazoamino compounds may be prepared as described in Specification 603,594 and certain of the diazotizable amines and stabilizers enumerated therein are specified as suitable.  In examples: (1) the monosodium salt of chromotropic acid is stirred with excess morpholine, and the resulting di-morpholine salt, after evaporating uncombined morpholine, is mixed with the diazoamino compound from diazotized naphthionic acid and diethanolamine (prepared as described in example (3) of Specification 603,594), the wetting agent sold under the name "Nekal A," sodium chloride and sodium hydroxide; (2) chromotropic acid (1 mol.) is stirred with a solution of diethanolamine (2 mols.) in ethyl alcohol, and the product, after drying, is used as in (1); (3) the diethanolamine in (2) is replaced by monoethanolamine, and (4) by triethanolamine; (5) a mixed diisopropanolamine-morpholine salt of chromotropic acid is prepared as described in example (4) of Specification 603,280 and employed as in (1); (6) the chromotropic acid in (1) is replaced by 1-hydroxy-8-aminonaphthalene-6 : 7-disulphonic acid; (7) by 2-hydroxynaphthalene-3 : 6-disulphonic acid, and (8) by 1 : 7-dihydroxynaphthalene-3 : 6-disulphonic acid; (9) the coupling component of (1) is mixed with sodium naphthionate, sodium nitrite, sodium chloride and sodium hydroxide; (10) the sodium naphthionate in (9) is replaced by 4 : 41-diaminodiphenyl-3 : 31 - disulphonic acid; (11) chromotropic acid is ground with an equimolecular proportion of morpholine, and the resulting mono-morpholine salt is used as in (1); (12) the chromotropic acid in (11) is replaced by 1-hydroxynaphthalene-3 : 6-disulphonic acid. Specification 587,540 also is referred to.
Patent GB-218184-A (GB)
Title: Self-laying-track wheel for tractors, trailers and other vehicles and implements
IPC: B62D55/04
Filed: 1923-11-19
Abstract: 218,184. Matthews, V. M. Nov. 19, 1923. Endless-track vehicles.-A portable track wheel unit comprises wheels 1 carried on axles 2 and a wheel or wheels 3 carried on axles 4. The wheels 1, 3 are overlapped or staggered and held apart by bars 6 which may oe rigid or consist wholly or in part of springs. Shoes 7 connected by pins 8 constitute a flexible tread surrounding the wheel or a continuous flexible tread may be fitted. The unit may be mounted so as to oscillate, the axle 4 being carried through to support the load centrally or the load may be distributed on the axles 2. When power is to be applied to the wheel unit the shoes are recessed to enable pins to be fitted to the wheel peripheries to give a positive drive between wheels and track.
Patent GB-1474575-A (GB)
Title: Semiconductor components
IPC: H01L21/60
Filed: 1974-07-02
Abstract: 1474575 Semiconductor devices SIEMENS AG 2 July 1974 [16 July 1973] 29220/74 Heading H1K A semiconductor junction element having a diffused surface zone is provided with an aluminium electrode layer coated with silver which at least at its side remote from the aluminium contains some aluminium which is said to prevent coalescing with the surface of a contact electrode urged against the silver. The aluminium at the surface, which may comprise 20% by weight of the silver, is either codeposited with the silver or is diffused from the aluminium electrode layer into the silver by sintering for a sufficient time at 300-500C. The contact electrode may be of silver or a silver alloy or comprise a coating of such material on a copper or molybdenum electrode. Both faces of the element may be similarly contacted or the other face engaged by a molybdenum contact. In either case the lower contact may be pressed against the copper base of a conventional housing via a silver foil.
Patent GB-1221078-A (GB)
Title: Improvements in or relating to pendulum level inclinometers
Inventor: GOMMEL KARL-WERNER
IPC: G01C9/12
Filed: 1968-06-19
Abstract: 1,221,078. Levels. CARL ZEISS JENA VEB. June 19, 1968, No.29238/68. Heading G1F. A pendulum level inclinameter of the type disclosed in Specification 1,147,473 in which a measuring pendulum is carried on an auxiliary pendulum in turn pivotally suspended from a support, is provided with a single damping device located so as to act on the measuring pendulum at a predetermined distance from the point of suspension of the measuring pendulum the auxiliary pendulum, the distance being dependent on the mass and effective length of the measuring pendulum and on the moment of inertia of the auxiliary pendulum about its pivotal axis on the support.
Patent GB-1088002-A (GB)
Title: Apparatus for separating tobacco from the papers and the filter tips (if any) of imperfect cigarettes
Inventor: JACKSON LOFTUS
IPC: A24C5/36
Filed: 1964-07-17
Abstract: 1,088,002. Recovering tobacco from imperfect cigarettes. OSCAR LEGG Ltd. July 14, 1965 [July 7, 1964], No. 29302/64. Heading A2C. Apparatus for recovering tobacco from imperfect cigarettes comprises a conveyer 18 and a delivery roller 20 for feeding cigarettes longitudinally as a stream to a circumferentially grooved and ribbed roller 22 and co-operating pressure roller 21 which compress the cigarettes and burst the paper wrapper, the tobacco, paper and tip (if any) being separated by the blades 24, 25 of a beater. The imperfect cigarettes are fed from a hopper by a series of stepped vibratory conveyers and guides, Fig. 1 (not shown), which align them longitudinally on to the conveyer 18. The conveyer 18 comprises an endless belt which passes through a water bath so that the cigarettes being fed thereon are wetted. The roller 20 rotates at a higher peripheral speed than the speed of the conveyer 18 and is provided with flats on its surface to accelerate the cigarettes between the nip of the rollers 21, 22 where they are further compressed and their wrappers broken by the upstanding portion of the grooves, which may be V-shaped, of the roller 22. After separation by the beater blades 24, 25, the components fall into a funnel 32 and on to a vibratory trough surmounted by a sieve which allows the tobacco to fall through but retains the paper and tips (if any). A rotating, spirally arranged, brush 31 is provided to clean the grooved roller 22. The roller 21 may also be provided with grooves.
Patent GB-1096135-A (GB)
Title: Adhesion between olefin copolymers and rubbers
IPC: C08J5/12
Filed: 1965-07-12
Abstract: 1,096,135. Laminates. MONTECATINI SOCIETA GENERALE PER L'INDUSTRIA MINERARIA E CHIMICA. July 12, 1965 [July 22, 1964], No. 29377/65. Heading B5N. [Also in Division B7] Adhesion, during co -vulcanization between layers of diene rubbers and layers of polythene copolymers or terpolymers, for example between tyre carcasses and tread or retread layers therefor, is improved by including in the diene layers a siliceous filler e.g. of anhydrous or hydrated silica, aluminium calcium or magnesium silicate, or kaolin, talc, clay or bentonite, and by selecting materials for the layers such that their " vulcanization starting times " are substantially the same and not less than two minutes. " Vulcanization starting time " is indicated in the Specification as the interval preceding that rise in viscosity of a mix, which is associated with the beginning of vulcanization. Diene rubbers usable include natural rubber, polybutadiene, polyisoprene and styrene-butadiene copolymers; polythene copolymers and terpolymers include copolymers of ethylene with propylene or butene-1 and terpolymers formed from these materials and cyclic or acyclic non- conjugated dienes such as dicyclopentadiene or cyclo-octadiene-1,5. The customary vulcanizers, accelerators, fillers &c. for the layers may be used, e.g. sulphur and associated additives for the diene rubbers and organic peroxides and sulphur for the co- and ter-polymers. Organic peroxide may be used in both layers. Tyres.-In making tyres of a natural rubber carcase and ethylene-propylene copolymer tread a base layer of a natural rubber mix has applied to it a 1 mm. layer of a natural rubber mix containing anhydrous silica and a similar superposed layer of copolymer mix also containing silica, the two layers being pretreated with heptane, and finally a tread of copolymer mix containing carbon black, all applied layers cotaining an organic peroxide and sulphur and having a vulcanization starting time of between 2 hours and 2 hours 20 minutes. For retreading the above applied layer mixes are used, the prepared carcase having applied to it in succession (a) a heptane solution of the natural rubber mix, (b) a 1 mm. layer of such mix, (c) a similar layer of copolymer mix, layers (b) and (c) being pretreated with heptane, and (d) a tread layer as above.