baber/WOPTO huggingface dataset:
Patent GB-224857-A (GB)
Title: Improvements relating to fluid pressure braking apparatus
IPC: B60T15/04
Filed: 1924-05-21
Abstract: 224,857. Westinghouse Brake & Saxby Signal Co., Ltd., (Assignees of Lewis, L. V.). Nov. 17, 1923, [Convention date]. Fluid-pressure. - A driver's valve for compressed-air brakes comprises inlet and outlet valves 18, 7, the opening and closing of which, in different positions of the control handle 25, is controlled by the varying pressures communicated from a spring 27 to a diaphragm 2 and a plate member 20 held between heads on the stem of the valve 7 and a stem 12, and a rounded projection on the diaphragm member 21. The sleeve 24 on which the handle 25 is mounted carries at its lower end wings 26, Fig. 6, which engage the underside of an annular member 22, Figs. 2 and 4, having cam surfaces 23. In the release position shown in Figs. 1 and 4, the wings 26 are located in pockets at the ends of the cam surfaces, and the sleeve 24 being in its highest position, the spring 27 is not compressed. Flat springs 28 are therefore provided on the member 22 to hold the wings 26 in their pockets and the sleeve 24 in position. In this position the exhaust valve 7 is held open by the spring 11, the stem 12 is held raised by the spring 16, which is weaker than the spring 11, and the valve 18 is held closed by the spring 32, so that the brake cylinder exhausts through the pipe 31 the chamber 30 and the valve 7. When the handle 25 is rotated to apply the brakes, its initial movement moves the wings 26 downwardly out of their pockets on to the surfaces 23, so that the downward movement of the sleeve 24 compresses the spring 27, which, in turn, moves the diaphragm 2 downwardly, whereby, the spring 16 being weaker than the spring 11, the plate 20 first moves about the stem of the valve 7 as fulcrum until the lost motion between the stems 12, 19 is taken up, and then, the combined strength of the springs 16, 32 being greater than that of the spring 11, moves about the stem 12 as fulcrum to close the valve 7. On further rotation of the handle, the movement of the wings 26 over the cam surfaces 23 increases the compression of the spring 27, and the plate 20, bearing on the stem of the valve 7 as fulcrum, moves the stems 12, 19 downwardly to open the inlet valve 18 to supply pressure-fluid from the pipe 29 to the chamber 30 and pipe 31 leading to the brake cylinder. When the pressure in the chamber 30 is slightly greater than that due to the spring 27, the diaphragm rises slightly to allow the valve 18 to close. In the event of leakage from the brake cylinder, the fall of pressure in the chamber 30 permits the diaphragm to move downwardly to reopen the valve 18 until the pressure for which the handle 25 is set is re-established.
Patent GB-114264-A (GB)
Title: Improvements in Hands Tools or Appliances for Facilitating the Making of Block Fuel or Briquettes.
Inventor: COLEMAN ALBERT BERTRAM
IPC: B30B15/02
Filed: 1917-09-03
Abstract: 114,264. Coleman, A. B. Sept. 3, 1917. Moulds. - A household hand tool or appliance for making block fuel or briquettes from fine coal slack, ashes, and waste combustible material, or mixtures of these with an agent such as Portland cement, comprises a tubular body a which can be opened to release the briquette but which is held. closed by a clamp. The mould may be in two parts and the clamp may comprise a bar b resting on a projection a<3>, the hooked ends of the bar engaging lugs a'. Slip-on clamps as shown in Fig. may be used, and the two parts may be hinged together or the mould may be made in one piece, one slip-on clamp being used. A baseplate d having projections or stops d<1> may be used. The material is consolidated by a rammer.
Patent GB-142860-A (GB)
Title: Improvements in or relating to a centrifugal separator
IPC: B04B1/08
Filed: 1920-05-06
Abstract: 142,860. De Laval Separator Co., (Assignees of Snyder, F. S.). Aug. 31, 1917, [Convention date]. Density separators.-In a centrifugal separator for purifying petrol &c., the petrol fed into the central tube f is led by a screw d to passages g below the liner carrier e and conveyed by wings i on the bottom of the bowl a and side wings m to the liners j provided with apertures k. The purified petrol leaves by the passage u, and the impurities are conveyed by wings p to the outlet t.
Patent GB-1069928-A (GB)
Title: Improvements in or relating to apparatus for automatically recording the thickness of a product and the location of defects therein
Inventor: DAVIES DAVID HARRIS
IPC: G01N29/06
Filed: 1965-03-25
Abstract: 1,069,928. Recording apparatus. STEWARTS & LLOYDS Ltd. March 21, 1966 [March 25, 1965], No. 12704/65. Addition to 1,040, 242. Heading G1J. [Also in Division H4] In an ultrasonic pulse-echo system for automatically recording the thickness of a product and the location of a defect therein, as in the parent Specification, two recordings are provided by markers arranged in two sets, each set comprising a plurality of electrically-separate conductors adapted to contact an electrochemical recording chart to produce visible markings thereon in accordance with received echo signals. In the embodiment of Figs. 1 to 4 each set of markers is formed by winding a wire in a helix around an insulating former (11), securing the winding to the former (11) with adhesive, and slitting the helix longitudinally.
Patent GB-604269-A (GB)
Title: The production of aliphatic acid anhydrides
Filed: 1941-10-03
Abstract: Aliphatic anhydrides are prepared by oxidation of the aldehydes with oxygen in the presence of methylene chloride under such conditions that an azeotrope of the latter with the water formed is continuously removed from the reactor.  Oxygen or air may be introduced at the base of a column, aldehyde and methylene chloride higher up, acetic acid and anhydride being withdrawn at the base, and methylene chloride and water at the top.  Catalyst in acetic acid solution is introduced a little below the top. Methylene chloride is condensed, separated, and returned, while any aldehyde content of the vapours may be absorbed in methylene chloride and returned.  Propionic and butyric anhydrides are also specified.  At least part of the reaction zone is preferably at about 40-50 DEG  C., while pressure is normal or somewhat above.  In examples: (1) the column is first charged with acetic acid, and methylene chloride introduced until it distils off at the same rate.  A continuous feed of acetic acid containing mixed acetates is then begun followed by acetaldehyde and oxygen; (2) equal weights of propionaldehyde and propionic acid containing the catalyst are fed to the middle of a column, and oxygen and methylene chloride to the base, means for recycling product from the base to near the middle being provided.  Specification 402,462, [Group IV], is referred to.ALSO:Aliphatic anhydrides are prepared by oxidation of the aldehydes with oxygen in the presence of methylene chloride under such conditions that an azeotrope of the latter with the water formed is continuously removed from the reactor.  Oxygen or air may be introduced at the base of a column, aldehyde and methylene chloride higher up, acetic acid and anhydride being withdrawn at the base, and methylene chloride and water at the top.  Catalyst in acetic acid solution is introduced a little below the top. Methylene chloride is condensed, separated, and returned, while any aldehyde content of the vapours may be absorbed in methylene chloride and returned. Propionic and butyric anhydrides are also specified.  At least part of the reaction zone is preferably at about 40-50 DEG  C., while pressure is normal or somewhat above. Preferred catalysts are salts, e.g. lower or higher fatty acid salts, of copper, cobalt, and/or nickel, especially copper and cobalt acetate mixtures with 40-60 per cent of copper acetate, in amounts equal to .02-2 per cent of the aldehyde.  In examples: (1) the column is first charged with acetic acid, and methylene chloride introduced until it distils off at the same rate.  A continuous feed of acetic acid containing mixed acetates is then begun followed by acetaldehyde and oxygen; (2) equal weights of propionaldehyde and propionic acid containing the catalyst are fed to the middle of a column, and oxygen and methylene chloride to the base, means for recycling product from the base to near the middle being provided.  Specification 402,462 is referred to.
Patent GB-1223000-A (GB)
Title: Manufacturing filamentary silicon carbide crystals
Inventor: KNIPPENBERG WILHELMUS FRANCISC
IPC: C01B31/36
Filed: 1968-03-15
Abstract: 1,223,000. Silicon carbide filaments. PHILIPS ELECTRONIC & ASSOCIATED INDUSTRIES Ltd. 15 March, 1968, No. 12844/68. Heading C1A. Filamentary SiC crystals are made by heating a system comprising Si and C and/or compounds of the elements together with a growth modifier which is Sc, Y, Ac or a rare earth metal, other than La, or a compound thereof at a temperature of 2000-2600‹ C. in an inert gas atmosphere which is bounded by silicon carbide and depositing said SiC crystals from the vapour phase. N, Al, B and P may be incorporated in the crystals during growth to form PN junctions by supplying volatile compounds thereof into the crystallization atmosphere. In an embodiment a graphite crucible 4 is arranged on a support 3 in a quartz vessel 1. A tube of silicon carbide 6 is fitted into the crucible and the crucible is covered with a graphite plate 7 so that gas from the quartz vessel 1 can enter the crucible. The growth modifier 11 is placed in the narrow portion 5 of the crucible and an argon atmosphere is maintained in the quartz vessel. The crucible is insulated by a layer of graphite felt 8 and the vessel is heated by an induction coil 9. Silicon carbide crystals are formed on the wall of the tube 6.
Patent GB-1207271-A (GB)
Title: Improvements in chopper stabilized amplifiers
Inventor: DOREY HOWARD ANTHONY
IPC: H03F1/30
Filed: 1968-03-15
Abstract: 1,207,271. Transistor amplifying circuits. SOLARTRON ELECTRONIC GROUP Ltd. 13 Feb., 1969 [15 March, 1968], No. 12847/68 Heading H3T. In a chopper type amplifier, comprising an A.C. amplifier and input and output chopper switches operated synchronously from a source of periodic switching signals, the switching signal is frequency modulated in accordance with a predetermined function of time, and a demodulating circuit is arranged to demodulate the output of the A.C. amplifier synchronously with respect to the said function of time to derive an error signal which is fed back to the input of the amplifier to compensate for errors arising from the coupling of the switching signal into the A.C. amplifier. Alternatively the switching signal may be amplitude modulated in accordance with a predetermined function of time. A.C. amplifier 11, Fig. 1, is fed with signal from terminal 1 via series resistor and capacitor 13 and shunt FET chopper 14: its output is fed to terminal 16 via series resistor 17, shunt FET chopper 19 and filter network 18, 20. Overall negative feedback is obtained via resistor 21. The switching signal applied to the gates of the FET choppers 30, 19 comprises square waves of alternate 10KHz and 5KHz with a 2À5KHz repetition frequency (Fig. 2a): in the absence of a signal or terminal 10 this results in the switching waveform 2b at the input of amplifier 11, the positive and negative switching spikes being of different width due to coupling over the inherent capacitances of FET chopper 14. Fig. 2c comprises the corresponding output from amplifier 11: this is applied to synchronous detector comprising FET choppers 23, 26 fed via series resistors 22, 24 respectively, the input to chopper 26 including also a phasereverse 25. Switching signals at 2À5KHz are applied to the gates of choppers 23, 26, that applied to chopper 23 being as Fig. 2d and that applied to chopper 26 the inverse of that waveform. An output as at Fig. 2e is obtained from the synchronous demodulator and is smoothed by filter 27, 28 to provide a D.C. correction voltage which is fed back to the input of the amplifier: as shown, it is applied to the source of FET chopper 14, across resistor 30, by way of a further chopper 29. This is driven with a square wave of alternate 10KHz and 2À5KHz with 2À5KHz repetition frequency, Fig. 2f, the output of chopper 29 being as at Fig. 2g, this waveform reducing the amplitude of the swithcing "spikes" at the input of amplifier 11. The various switching waveforms are obtained from a 20KHz oscillator 21 via a chain of x 2 dividers comprising bi-stable circuits 32, 33, 34, AND gates 35, 36 and OR gate 37. The Specification also describes an arrangement using amplitude modulation of the switching signals (Fig. 3, not shown) and refers to the use of alternative gates; i.e. photoresistive or Hall effect devices (Figs. 1b, 1c, not shown).
Patent GB-709814-A (GB)
Title: Improved control device for coke ovens or the like
IPC: C10B41/04
Filed: 1951-05-31
Abstract: 709,814. Discharging coke-ovens. DIDIERKOGAG - HINSELMANN KOKSOFENBAU UND GASVERWERTUNG AKT.-GES. May 31, 1951 [Dec. 29, 1948], No. 12935/51. Class 51 (2) In a system for controlling the discharging of coke ovens a plurality of electric contact devices ensure the correct positioning of the various discharging machines; as shown in Fig. 1 each contact device comprises a stationary contact member b, lying in the path of travel of a discharging machine, including ramp-shaped ends b' of insulating material and a central currentconducting portion b<SP>2</SP> of relatively small dimensions, a current collector c carried by the machine being electrically connected with the operating motor of the machine.
Patent GB-480563-A (GB)
Title: Improvements in and relating to thread copying devices for automatic lathes
IPC: B23Q5/40
Filed: 1937-05-06
Abstract: 480,563. Lathes. SKODA WORKS, PLZEN. May 6, 1937, No. 12995. Convention date, June 8, 1936. [Class 83 (iii)] A thread-copying device for automatic lathes comprises two thread templets 7, 9, Fig. 1, which are arranged parallel and rotate in opposite directions, and threaded guide members 10, 11, Fig. 4, which are mounted on a slidable control bar 13 and adapted to engage alternately the thread templets, the control bar directly effecting the longitudinal movement of the cutter and indirectly its transverse movement. Cams 17, 18, Fig. 1, carried by the driven templet shafts alternately engage the guide members 10, 11, mounted on a lever 12, with the threaded templets for forward and return movement respectively. The control bar 13 is moved by the thread controls and directly effects the longitudinal movement of the slide member 8, Figs. 1 and 3. The partial rotation of the control bar during the alternate nut engagements acts through a cam-piece 15 on the end of the bar to raise a lever 19 fixed to a cross-shaft 20 mounted in the slide 8 ; the end of this shaft carries a cam-piece 21 which bears on the outside or inside of a stud 22, fixed to the tool-carrying cross-slide' 23, according to whether external or internal threads are to be cut. The stud is maintained in engagement with the cam-piece by a spring and the tool is thus fed into or relieved from the work by rotation of the shaft 13.
Patent GB-1145973-A (GB)
Title: Pump valves
Inventor: BOGDANOV ALEXANDR ANTONOVICH
IPC: F04B47/06
Filed: 1966-03-24
Abstract: 1,145,973. Valves. OSOBOE KONSTRUKTORSKOE BJURO PO PROEKTIROVANIJU, ISSLEDOVANIJU I VNEDRENIJU BESSHTANGOVYKH NASOSOV. 24 March, 1966, No. 13030/66. Heading F2V. [Also in Division F1] A valve adapted to be fitted in a well pipe string downstream of a submersible internally meshing screw pump (19), comprises a check valve member 9 slidable with clearance in a slotted sleeve 6 and a second valve member 11 slidable in sleeve 10 and having a stem 12 the lower end of which abuts valve member 9. The valve members 9, 11 are positioned as shown whilst the string is lowered into the well to allow fluid from the well to enter the string through ports 13 and filter 14. When the pump is started, the valve members are lifted and flow to or from ports 13 is prevented. If the pump delivery exceeds the well flow rate the valve members fall to allow flow through ports 13. If the string is blocked, the delivery from the pump is diverted to the ports 13. When the pump stops, the string is drained through ports 13. Valve member 9 may alternatively take the form of a ball.
Patent GB-1276284-A (GB)
Title: Surface waveguide structures
Inventor: KAO CHARLES KUEN
IPC: H01P3/16
Filed: 1970-03-18
Abstract: 1276284 Glass manufacture STANDARD TELEPHONES & CABLES Ltd 18 March 1970 13055/70 Heading C1M [Also in Divisions G2 and H1] A surface-wave dielectric waveguide structure includes a surface-wave waveguide in the form of at least one glass lamina 10 or a structure of glass laminae e.g. forming a hollow rectangularsection pipe (Fig. 5, not shown), in which the waveguide is supported within a sheath 11 of glass of lower refractive index such that at least one major surface of the waveguide is bounded by a glassy or a gaseous medium of refractive index lower than that of the waveguide. The volume 12 within the sheath may be filled with glass of a lower refractive index than that of the sheath or with a gas at reduced pressure. In an example the lamina has the approximate dimensions: width, half wavelength (#/2) for single mode propagation; thickness, #/10; and the total width of the guide, 10 #. The waveguide structure may be manufactured from an assembly of rectangular glass blocks which may be heated to fuse them together and then drawn out into a fine fibre of appropriate dimensions.
Patent GB-1303538-A (GB)
IPC: F02B53/12
Filed: 1970-03-18
Abstract: 1303538 Ignition systems SOC DE CONSTRUCTIONS MECANIQUES PANHARD & LEVASSOR 18 March 1970 [18 March 1969] 13087/70 Heading F1B An ignition system for a rotary piston internalcombustion engine comprises a breaker 21, a cam 28 driven by the engine and co-operating with the breaker, an induction coil 12 and a spark plug 9 and means 33 to prevent a voltage peak at closing of the breaker points from appearing at the electrodes of the sparking plug when the combustion chamber of the engine comprising the sparking plug is at the beginning of compression. The rotary commutator 33 may be replaced by a device with a disruptive effect constructed to allow electrical current to pass when the voltage at its terminals reaches a predetermined value. This device can be incorporated in the spark plug.
Patent GB-888838-A (GB)
Title: Improvements in or relating to colour television
Inventor: RIDGEWAY DENIS VICTOR
IPC: H04N9/04
Filed: 1957-04-24
Abstract: 888,838. Colour television. PYE Ltd. April 24, 1958 [April 24, 1957], No. 13090/57. Drawings to Specification. Class 40(3). A colour television camera comprises two camera tubes, one having a target formed with two signal plates and being employed to derive signals representative of the red and green components of scene and the other being employed to derive signals representative of the blue component. The invention reduces the problems of registration and colour balance since information relating to the two or more critical colours is derived from a common camera tube. In one arrangement, Fig. 1 (not shown) the two tubes are disposed at right angles and receive light by way of a common lens and beam splitting device. A blue filter is inserted in front of one tube and a minus blue filter in front of the other. In a second generally similar arrangement, Fig. 2 (not shown), each tube has its own lens. The tube associated with the minus blue filter is constructed (see below) to produce signals at two separate outputs. In one construction these signals are arranged by the use of two filters to represent red and green directly. In another construction only one filter is used such that one signal represents red and the other red plus green, i.e. minus blue. Green information is then obtained by subtracting the red signal from the red plus green signal. Reference is made to an arrangement in which the red plus green, i.e. minus blue, signal is combined with the blue signal from the other camera tube to produce a black and white signal. Camera tube construction. The Specification describes with reference to Figs. 5-9 and 11-13 not shown, detailed constructions of a number of photo-conductive and photoemissive camera tubes suitable for producing the signals representative of red and green. This description is substantially identical with that appearing in Specification 888,839 [Group XL(a)]. One general arrangement is to form the camera target in two parts arranged in the nature of two interleaved combs and to provide either red and green filter material respectively over the two parts, or red or green material over one part and nothing over the other. Signals as described above are then obtained from the two parts. By making the individual strips in the target combs less than the diameter of the scanning electron spot, both targets are impinged at any given instant and the signals generated simultaneously. In the construction of the tube the two parts of the target may be arranged to occur on slightly spaced planes. As a result of this it is possible in another general arrangement to form the targets with the two parts superposed, the outer part being pierced with apertures of picture point size or less to expose the other part.
Patent GB-131328-A (GB)
IPC: C01B3/10
Abstract: 131,328. Rideal, E. K.., and Taylor, H. S. April 30, 1918. Hydrogen.-In the manufacture of hydrogen by alternately passing steam over heated iron and reducing the iron oxide produced by carbon monoxide or by a mixture of carbon monoxide and carbon dioxide, the effluent gases from the reduction stage are converted into carbon monoxide for re-use therein by passing through a bed of incandescent coke, the temperature of which is maintained by the periodical blowing through of air or oxygen. The initial supply of carbon monoxide may be obtained by admitting steam to a producer, using the water gas produced in the preliminary reducing stages, and then passing the effluent gases through incandescent coke, as described above.