Patent GB-883836-A (GB)
Title: Process of obtaining proteinaceous feed material from mustard seed, rape seed and similar seeds
IPC: A23L11/30
Filed: 1959-04-20
Abstract: Oil is extracted from mustard or rape seeds by solvent, e.g hexane, without the application of heat to the seed, in order to preserve the enzyme myrosin it contains; the resultant meal may be mixed with water for complete hydrolysis of the thioglucosides in the meal by the enzyme myrosin; after steam stripping of sulphur containing compounds, the solids remaining are sufficiently palatable and non-toxic for use as proteinaceous feed supplements (see Groups I and IV(b)).  It is stated that the oil obtained may be employed as a substitute for soy bean oil.ALSO:In producing a non-toxic, proteinaceous feed supplement from mustard seed or rape seed, the oil-extraction residue meal of the seed, in which the extraction has been carried out by solvent only without the application of heat to the seed in order to preserve the enzyme myrosin, is mixed with water at a temperature of 45 DEG C.-55 DEG C., the mixture is maintained at this temperature for a time sufficient to produce complete hydrolysis of the thioglucosides in the meal by the enzyme myrosin, the temperature is then raised, the allyl isothiocyanate produced and other sulphur-containing compounds are removed by steam stripping, and the proteinaceous solids remaining are screened, pressed and dried.  Allyl isothiocyanate may be recovered and purified by further extraction with ether; it is stated that 5g allyl isothiocyanate may be obtained from 1,000g mustard seed in this way.  A small quantity, e.g. 0.1% based on the meal, of raw mustard or rape seed may be added to the meal with the water.  The liquor removed during screening may be mixed with tap water in proportions producing a temperature of 45 DEG C.-55 DEG C. in the combined liquid for re-use in the hydrolysis of further meal. According to an example, 4,500g of the meal cake obtained by a cold hexane extraction of rape seed, was mixed with 2.71 of tap water, the mixture being warmed to 50 DEG C.  After the addition of 4.5g of ground, unextracted mustard seed, the entire mixture was held at 50 DEG C. for one hour with gentle agitation, heated up to 100 DEG C. over a period of an hour and boiled for 15 minutes to remove all sulphur-containing compounds.  The recovered solids were screened and dried; the screened liquor was evaporated to a heavy syrup and added to the dried solids.  The resulting mixture was pressed and dried to 10% moisture content.ALSO:In producing a non-toxic, proteinaceous feed supplement from mustard seed or rape seed, the oil-extraction residue meal of the seed, in which the extraction has been carried out by solvent only without the application of heat to the seed in order to preserve the enzyme myrosin, is mixed with water at a temperature of 45-55 DEG C, the mixture is maintained at this temperature for a time sufficient to produce complete hydrolysis of the thioglucosides in the meal by the enzyme myrosin, the temperature is then raised, the sulphur-containing compounds are removed by steam stripping, and the proteinaceous solids remaining are screened, pressed and dried.  A small quantity, e.g. 0,1% based on the meal, of raw mustard or rape seed may be added to the meal with the water.  The liquor removed during screening may be mixed with tap water in proportions producing a temperature of 45-55 DEG C. in the combined liquid for re-use in the hydrolysis of further meal.  According to and example, 4500g. of the meal cake obtained by a cold hexane extraction of rape seed, was mixed with 2,7 l. of tap water, the mixture being warmed to 50 DEG C. After the addition of 4,5g. of ground, unextracted mustard seed, the entire mixture was held at 50 DEG C. for one hour with gentle agitation, heated up to 100 DEG C. over a period of an hour and boiled for 15 minutes to remove all sulphur-containing compounds. The recovered solids were screened and dried; the screened liquor was evaporated to a heavy syrup and added to the dried solids.  The resulting mixture was pressed and dried to 10% moisture content.