baber/WOPTO huggingface dataset:
Patent GB-1064316-A (GB)
Title: Improvements in or relating to the production of semiconductor material
IPC: C23C16/44
Filed: 1964-03-23
Abstract: In the production of ultra-pure semi-conductor material by deposition of the semi-conductor material from a gaseous mixture, which mixture includes a gaseous compound of the semi-conductor material, upon an electrically heated support consisting of a semi-conductor material disposed in a reaction chamber isolated from the ambient atmosphere, the chamber is heated, before the support is introduced therein, whilst filled with hydrogen, nitrogen, a noble gas (for example helium or argon), or chlorine, bromine or iodine gas or vapour, or gaseous hydrogen chloride, hydrogen bromide or hydrogen iodide, to a temperature which is at least as high as the temperature at which the support becomes electrically conductive. The gas or vapour preferably is conductive. passed through the chamber whilst the latter is being heated, for example to a temperature of from 200 DEG C. to 400 DEG C. After the chamber has been heated, which heating may be by radiation, the support is introduced into the chamber and is heated to its conducting temperature.  The reaction chamber may take the general form disclosed in Specification 861,135.ALSO:In the production of ultra-pure semi-conductor material by deposition of the semi-conductor material from a gaseous mixture, which mixture includes a gaseous compound of the semi-conductor material, upon an electrically heated support consisting of a semi-conductor material disposed in a reaction chamber isolated from the ambient atmosphere, the chamber is heated, before the support is introduced therein, whilst filled with hydrogen, nitrogen, a noble gas (for example helium or argon), or chlorine, bromine or iodine gas or vapour, or gaseous hydrogen chloride, hydrogen bromide or hydrogen iodide, to a temperature which is at least as high as the temperature at which the support becomes electrically conductive. The gas or vapour preferably is continuously passed through the chamber whilst the latter is being heated, for example to a temperature of from 200 DEG  C. to 400 DEG C. After the chamber has been heated, which heating may be by radiation, the support is introduced into the chamber and is heated to its conducting temperature.  The actual production of semi-conductor material may involve deposition of silicon from a gaseous mixture comprising hydrogen and silicontetrachloride or silicochloroform.  The reaction chamber may take the general form disclosed in Specification 861,135.
Patent GB-1086783-A (GB)
Title: Improvements in or relating to rotary duplicating machines
IPC: B41L11/00
Filed: 1965-03-23
Abstract: 1,086,783. Duplicating-machines. G. RITZERFELD. March 23, 1965 [April 20, 1964], No. 12352/65. Heading B6C. A rotary spirit duplicating machine adapted to print the whole or selected parts of a master sheet 2 mounted on a cylinder 1 on to copy sheets 22 comprises a pair of peripherally adjustable line - control cams 36, 46 mounted on the cylinder shaft 3, an integral two-armed lever 74 rotatably mounted on a shaft 72 and supporting a pair of cam follower rollers 75, 76, and a linkage system connecting the lever 74 to an impression roller 5 whereby the cams 36, 46 control the co-operation of the roller 5 and the cylinder 1, the arrangement being such that, with reference to the direction of rotation of the cams, the roller 76 engages the cam 46 before the roller 75 engages the cam 36 and the shaft 72 lies within the angle subtended by the rollers 75, 76 to the shaft 3. The linkage system includes a rocker lever 73 supporting at its lower end a roller 80 which engages an adjustment screw on a lever 16 rigidly secured to a shaft 14. A pair of heading cams 7, 8 are mounted on a shaft 6 synchronously rotated with the shaft 3, a follower lever 12 supporting a follower roller 13 for the cams 7, 8 being also secured to the shaft 14. A pair of manually operable levers, lever 52 being shown in Fig. 1, is provided to adjust the cams 36, 46 by ratchet and pawl means to selected positions, further pawls being provided to hold the cams in their adjusted positions with respect to the cylinder 1. The cam 36 is used to select the line at which printing is to commence and cam 46 determines the final line for printing. After printing the final line the roller. 76 falls from the raised portion of the cam 46. A visual indication is given of the first and last lines to be printed. The cams 36, 46 are both spring-loaded in an anti-clockwise direction. The cam 36 may return to its position of minimum overlap with cam 46 after each rotation of the cylinder 1 under the action of its spring, means, Fig. 3 (not shown), being provided for releasing the indexing pawl. For automatic line feed the cams 36, 46 may be indexed through one line of the master sheet on each revolution of the cylinder; gear wheels 70, 71 may restore the cams to their initial positions. In the embodiment of Fig. 6 (not shown) the impression roller is mounted on eccentric pins and the printing pressure is adjusted by rotating bearing plates by a screw device. In a further embodiment, Fig. 7 and 8 (not shown) the stepping mechanism for adjusting the cams 36, 46 is controlled, on the closure of keys, by electromagnets in response to a pair of multi-vibrators, electromagneticallyoperated toothed couplings being provided to return the line cams independently to their initial positions.
Patent GB-181566-A (GB)
Title: Improvements in induction traic control systems
IPC: B61L3/12
Filed: 1921-04-29
Abstract: 181,566. Regan, J. B. April 29, 1921. Track apparatus actuating signals on trains and for stopping trains.-In an electric system for train control, two coils are. disposed in each section parallel to the track rails and occupying the full length of the section, and as a train passes they are in inductive relation with two coils on the train. One of the train coils is supplied from an alternator on the train and means are provided for controlling the connections between the track coils to affect the train-controlling means operated through the second coil on the train. The track rails 6, 10 are in insulated sections bridged by batteries 5 and relay coils 8, the latter of which operate armatures 13 controlling the circuits of distant relays 16 and batteries 11. The relays 8, 16 control switches in the circuit between the track inductions coils 18, 19 to connect them together, or to reverse, or to disconnect according to the state of the traffic. The train carries an alternator 32, Fig. 2, supplying the induction coil 38, and the field coil 35 of a three-position relay R, the armature of which is connected to the induction coil 39. The relay controls the connections to the brake valve magnet 47, the circuits also including speed-controlled switches 57, 73 and a hand switch 65. Under normal conditions a train enters section B, for example, when all the track relays are energized, holding their armatures as shown in Fig. 1. The coil 19 on the track is energized by induction from the coil 38 on the train, and supplies the coil 18, which in turn induces an electromotive force in the coil 39 on the train. The relay switches 43, 61 then occupy the position shown in full lines in Fig. 2, and the coil of the valve magnet 47 is supplied from the alternator 32 to keep the brakes off. With the section D occupied, the relay 16 will drop its contacts 20. 21 thereby reversing the connections between the coils 18, 19 and reversing the flow to the relay R which moves its switches 43, 61 to occupy their extreme righthand position. The valve magnet coil is then energized through the switch 56 which may be opened by the speed mechanism S, and the train on section B therefore proceeds under caution conditions. With a train on the section C immediately in advance, the relay 8 is de-energized; the connection between the coils 18, 19 is therefore broken and the brakes applied. In order to proceed, the driver depresses switch 65 energizing coil 63 to lift switches 70, 78. This permits the valve magnet to be energized through a speed-controlled switch 73, and a maintaining circuit for the coil 63 is completed by the switch 78 independently of the switch 65. The windings of the coils 18, 19 are all in one direction, the two ends being brought to the same end of the core. The coils 18, 19 may be placed against the webs of the track rails, and may be used with or without an iron core.
Patent GB-988259-A (GB)
Title: Improvements in or relating to bearings
IPC: F16C33/00
Filed: 1962-01-16
Abstract: 988,259. Ball joints. C. S. WHITE. Jan. 16, 1962 [Feb. 20, 1961], No. 12389/64. Divided out of 988,258. Heading E2F. [Also in Division F2] In a method of making a low friction bearing comprising a low friction organic polymer facing and a hard backing member, a transient bonding layer is applied directly on to the surface of a bearing element, a layer of lowfriction material is coated on to the bonding layer and a layer of hardenable material is applied to the low-friction material surface. The bonding layer may be grease, the lowfriction material may be small fibres of P.T.F.E. resin and the hardenable backing material is phenol formaldehyde resin. In an embodiment, a bearing for a ball joint is made by successively applying to a ball 73, Figs. 3 and 4, a flock-retaining layer 77, a layer of low-friction flock material 79 and a barrier layer 81 of hardenable backing material which prevents penetration during the injection process; by placing the ball into a housing 87 formed by welding parts 89, 91 together; and by injecting hardenable backing material 101 into a space formed between the ball 73 and the housing. In order to provide the required space between the ball and the housing, a stud 75, attached to the ball is mounted in an arbor 83. The latter may have an extension which abuts the layered surface of the ball so that when the material 101 is injected into the space it is confined by said extension. In another embodiment, a bush 125, Fig. 6 is made by successively applying the layers 77, 79 and 81 to a cylindrical member, formed from elements 107, 109 which may be attached together by a stud 113 and a screw-threaded bore 115 for example. The cylindrical member has annular flanges 111 on the outer ends thereof and is positioned in a base 119 of a mould 121. The hardenable backing material 101 is supplied to a space confined by the flanges 111, via a radial aperture 123 in the mould 121. When the material 101 has hardened the connection with the radial aperture is broken and the elements 107, 109 are separated.
Patent GB-1072144-A (GB)
Title: Improvements in or relating to universal joints
Inventor: HUTCHINSON PHILIP
IPC: F16D3/227
Filed: 1965-03-24
Abstract: 1,072,144. Universal joints. BIRFIELD ENGINEERING Ltd. March 8, 1966 [March 24, 1965], No. 12397/65. Heading F2U. A constant velocity universal joint having torque transmitting balls 3 in registering longitudinal grooves in an inner member 1 and an outer member 2, has the balls maintained in the bisector plane' ,by a cage 15 having inner and outer part spherical surfaces 17, 18 which are offset symmetrically about the joint centre O. The surfaces 17, 18 co-operate with a complementary surface 6 of the inner member 1 and a cylindrical bore 4 of the outer member. The end outer surface portions 19, 20 of the cage 15 are frusto-conical to strengthen the cage, and the surface 19 engages the bore 4 to limit the joint angle. The cage has a counterbore 22 to facilitate assembly of the joint with the inner member 1 turned so that the lands between its grooves register with the ball receiving apertures 16 of the cage.
Patent GB-855008-A (GB)
Title: Method of and compositions for applying heat-sealing coatings to sheet materials
Inventor: VERNON-HARCOURT ROBERT
IPC: C08J7/052
Filed: 1956-04-23
Abstract: A composition for applying a heat-sealing coating to flexible sheet material comprises, dissolved in a volatile organic solvent, a thermoplastic film-forming substance and a plasticizer consisting of a mixture of substances containing at least 50% by weight of para-toluene sulphonic acid cyclohexylamide.  The thermoplastic film-forming substance may be nitrocellulose, cellulose acetate, tri-acetate or acetate-butyrate, ethyl cellulose, polyvinyl chloride, polyvinyl acetate, polyvinyl acetal, polyvinyl butyral, polyvinyl formal, a copolymer of vinyl chloride and vinyl acetate, polystyrene, a polyacrylate, a chlorinated rubber, or a natural resin such as shellac. Paratoluene sulphonic acid cyclohexylamide may be used in admixture with one or more of di-n-butyl phthalate, di-isobutyl phthalate, di (2-ethyl-hexyl) phthalate, diamyl phthalate, di-cyclohexyl phthalate or di(methylcyclohexyl) phthalate.  The proportion of total plasticizer used is preferably within 15-100% of the weight of the thermoplastic film-forming substance. Conventional additives may be incorporated, e.g. rosin-modified alkyd resin, paraffin wax, calcium carbonate or zinc stearate. Specified solvents include ethyl and butyl alcohols, ethyl and butyl acetates, toluene, methyl ethyl ketone and cyclohexanone. Flexible sheet materials specified include paper, waxed paper, gelatin, aluminium foil, regenerated cellulose, cellulose esters and cellulose ethers.ALSO:A composition for applying a heat-sealing coating to flexible sheet material comprises, dissolved in a volatile organic solvent, a thermoplastic film-forming substance and a plasticiser consisting of a mixture of substances containing at least 50% by weight of paratoluene sulphonic acid cyclohexylamide.  The thermoplastic film-forming substance may be nitrocellulose, cellulose acetate, tri-acetate or acetate-butyrate, ethyl cellulose, polyvinyl chloride, polyvinyl acetate, polyvinyl acetal, polyvinyl butyral, polyvinyl formal, a copolymer of vinyl chloride and vinyl acetate, polystyrene, a polyacrylate, a chlorinated rubber, or a natural resin such as shellac. Paratoluene sulphonic acid cyclohexylamide may be used in admixture with one or more of di-n-butyl phthalate, di-isobutyl phthalate, di-(2-ethylhexyl) phthalate, diamyl phthalate, dicyclohexyl phthalate or di(methylcyclohexyl) phthalate.  The proportion of total plasticiser used is preferably within 15-100% of the weight of the thermoplastic film-forming substance. Conventional additives may be incorporated, e.g. rosin-modified alkyd resin, paraffin wax, calcium carbonate or zinc stearate. Specified solvents include ethyl and butyl alcohols, ethyl and butyl acetates, toluene, methyl ethyl ketone and cyclohexanone. Flexible sheet materials specified include paper, waxed paper, gelatin, aluminium foil, regenerated cellulose, cellulose esters and cellulose ethers.
Patent GB-561213-A (GB)
Title: Improvements in machines for treating metal sheets or blanks with a deoxidising liquid
IPC: C23G3/00
Filed: 1942-09-03
Abstract: 561,213. Pickling metals. TRIGGS, W. W. (American Can Co.). Sept. 3, 1942, No. 12479. [Class 82 (ii)] In a machine for treating metal sheets or blanks with acid, preferably for use in the production of cans, the plates 12 are mounted edge on between wickets 12 on a conveyer 11 and are sprayed with dilute acid by nozzle 15 secured to a manifold 16 connected by a pipe 18 to a pump 19 in turn connected by a pipe 22 with a valve 23 to a drain pipe 24 in the bottom of a trough 17 containing acid. The dilute acid is prepared in a reservoir 39 provided with a water supply pipe 46 and connected by a pipe 41 with a closed storage tank 40 containing concentrated acid and an inhibitor, and also an L-shaped perforated pipe 43 through which compressed air is passed. This pumps the acid &c. up into the tank 39. The acid in the trough 17 is heated by steam from a perforated pipe 31. The pickled blanks are then rinsed by water from nozzle 66 mounted on a manifold 67 and connected by a pipe 76 to a pump 77 and a discharge pipe 78 from a trough 68 ; an overflow pipe 72 leading to a sewer. The water in the trough 68 may also be heated by steam from a perforated pipe 82 connected to the same source of supply as the pipe 31.
Patent GB-149449-A (GB)
Title: Improvements in the manufacture of fuel and apparatus therefor
IPC: C10L5/06
Filed: 1919-05-20
Abstract: 149,449. Armstrong, J. May 20, 1919. Composition fuel. - Briquettes of fuel are formed with grooves penetrating their side surfaces to receive material adapted to expand under the action of heat and burst the briquette into pieces during combustion. The briquettes are moulded from a mixture of materials such as coal, peat, and sawdust with tar or other binder. Figs. 1 and 2 show a part of a moulding machine which may be used in forming the briquettes. The mixture of maetrials is fed through a tube n in the form of a continuous bar a, cut or grooved by circular disks or knives c driven by gearing g, h. The disks rotate in a chamber b, containing water, oil, tar, or the like, which is taken up by the disks and introduced into the grooves.
Patent GB-833959-A (GB)
Title: Improvements in or relating to molded pulp egg cartons
IPC: B65D85/32
Filed: 1958-04-21
Abstract: 833,959. Egg cartons. DIAMOND GARDNER CORPORATION. April 21, 1958 [May 1, 1957 ; July 1, 1957], No. 12629/58. Class 18. An egg carton comprises a base 12, a cover 14 hinged at 16, a flap 50 that lies inside the cover 14 when the carton is closed, Fig. 4, and tabs 25 engaging slits in the base. Each egg-receiving cell has a base 35 bounded by three principal margins and raised at 33 in the centre, walls 32, 34, 36 extend from the base, and portions 37, 39, 41 extend between and connect the walls. Ridges 44, 46 lie between the cells. In a second construction, Figs. 12, 17, the cells walls 132, 134, 136 comprise a lower part at an angle to the base and an upper part at a steeper angle to the base. Portions 137, 139, 141 between- and connecting the cell walls are of arcuate shape and inclined at the same angle as the upper ports of the walls 132, 134, 136. Convex parts 129 on a flap 127 attached-to the base engage convex parts 123 on the wall of the cover, and projections 131 engage openings 125 in the cover to lock the cover and base together.
Patent GB-170880-A (GB)
Title: Improvements in or relating to the manufacture of sulphuric acid
IPC: C01B17/74
Filed: 1920-05-06
Abstract: Sulphuric acid is obtained by calcining alunite and passing the evolved gases over the cooler parts of the alunite which by reason of the catalytic effect of the iron oxide it contains effects the re-combination of the sulphur dioxide and oxygen.  The calcination may be performed in any closed type of furnace in which the dilution of the gases with air or furnace gases is avoided, but preferably one is used in which the crushed material fed in at the top is mechanically passed down a series of hearths the bottom one of which is heated by external means to a temperature of 700-900 DEG  C.  The cooled gases pass on to a condenser and sufficient water in the form of steam or a spray to form sulphuric acid, is injected either into the furnace or into the condenser. Specification 158,293 is referred to.
Patent GB-1371137-A (GB)
Title: Motor vehicle level regulating devices
IPC: B60G17/033
Filed: 1972-03-17
Abstract: 1371137 Suspension levelling systems FICHTEL & SACHS AG 17 March 1972 [20 March 1971] 12708/72 Heading B7D In a vehicle suspension levelling system comprising a pump 20 supplied by a reservoir 21, a level regulating valve 23 and shock absorbers 31 with associated hydropneumatic springs 30, a shut-off valve 22 connected to the pump 20 and reservoir 21 by pressure and discharge lines 25, 24 and to the level regulating valve 23 by supply and return lines 26, 27 prevents flow of fluid from or to the shock absorbers 31 through, the level regulating valve 23 when the pump is not operating. A spring-loaded valve 10 prevents reverse flow between tappings 1, 2 for the pressure and supply lines 24, 26 respectively; 'and a second spring-loaded valve 8 is opened by a ball 6 acting through a thrust rod 7 to permit communication between tappings 3, 4 for the return and discharge lines 27, 25 respectively only when pressure fluid is delivered to the tapping 1. Connections 13 for leakage lines 28 from tne shock absorbers 31 communicate with the return/discharge side of the valve 22 through one-way valves 14. A relief valve 15 prevents excessive pressures in the pressure line 24.
Patent GB-1345541-A (GB)
Title: Fabricating composite parts
IPC: B29C70/34
Filed: 1971-05-03
Abstract: 1345541 Composite fibre-resin parts INTERNATIONAL BUSINESS MACHINES CORP 3 May 1971 [8 May 1970] 12727/71 Heading B5A Composite parts having anisotropic mechanical properties are fabricated by making modules, in rod or tape form, of aligned fibres in a solid mouldable matrix material which bonds with the fibres, e.g. a thermosetting resin such as an epoxy resin with glass fibres; assembling in a mould cavity sufficient of these modules to form the completed part, the direction of fibre alignment being arranged to produce predetermined anisotropic properties, and moulding under heat and pressure to cause flow and cure, fibre alignment being maintained substantially as determined during assembly. The modules may be made by coating short fibres with resin, rotating them in an inner drum having a screen wire surface so that they fall through into radial cavities formed by vanes between this surface and an outer surface where they are compacted into nodules by heat and centrifugal force. Alternatively tapes can be formed continuously using a fourdrinier or sheet moulding machine, the fibres being aligned by feeding in a slurry through vanes and then sprayed with binder. The resin binder may be included in the slurry. Modules may be rigid bars or flexible tapes and may be cut to desired lengths, pre-formed to fit complex configurations and arranged in different directions and with differing fibre and/or matrix materials and extra filler such as metallic powder to impart desired characteristics such as wear resistance, conductivity or differing specific gravity to discrete portions of the final part. In an example a bail element is fabricated from nodules having glass fibres to form the core and graphite fibres to form wear surfaces.