baber/WOPTO huggingface dataset:
Patent GB-619700-A (GB)
Title: Improvements in or relating to electric discharge devices
IPC: H01J17/00
Filed: 1946-10-29
Abstract: 619,700. Velocity-modulated tubes. WESTERN ELECTRIC CO., Inc. Oct. 29, 1946, No. 32107. Convention date, May, 19, 1945. [Class 39 (i)] The electron stream from the cathode 2 of a discharge device is velocity modulated by a resonant cavity 19. The envelope contains an ionisable atmosphere, i.e. helium, the varying degree of ionisation consequent upon the velocity modulation of the beam being utilized to provide an output signal. In Fig. 5, the negative electrode 42 collects the positive ions produced, and the positive electrode 67 the electrons which have a reduced velocity due to ionising collisions, while the electrons with unreduced velocity are collected by electrode 68. These electrodes are connected respectively to their source of potential 5 through the primaries of a three-section transformer whose secondaries 62, 64, 66 are so connected in series that the cumulative effect of the induced currents is utilized across resistor 53 for an output signal. Electrodes 67 and 68 may be integral, and the collection of electrons and ions may be utilized directly in a pushpull circuit without using a transformer (Fig. 4, not shown). The positive ions alone may be used to obtain the output signal (Fig. 3, not shown), and the electron path may be straight (Fig. 1, not shown), instead of curved, and the divergence of the electron beam reduced by a surrounding magnetic coil. A further modification, Fig. 2, has annular collecting electrodes 30-35, with a final collector 36. In still further modifications, the output signal is derived from the varying collection of electrons alone. Fig. 6 (not shown) and Fig. 7 (not shown), have retarding electrodes for collecting electrons slowed up by ionising collisions, the remaining electrons being utilised for the signal. In Fig. 8 (not shown), and Fig. 9 these remaining electrons are passed through a second resonant cavity 81 from which the output signal is taken by coaxial line 84. U.S.A. Specification 2,288,256 is referred to.
Patent GB-648188-A (GB)
Title: Improvements in table games
IPC: A63F7/00
Filed: 1948-12-11
Abstract: 648,188. Table games. BRADBURY, J., and DICKSON, H. Dec. 11, 1948, No. 32109. [Class 132 (ii)] Apparatus for playing a table game comprises a substantially square board 10 having walls 12 and corner pockets 16, a plurality, e.g. nineteen, of object discs 13 recessed on the under side and a striking disc 17, the board being marked with striking lines 20 shorter than the edges of the board and a large circle 18 containing nineteen symmetrically arranged smaller circles 19 each the same size as an object disc 13. One of the object discs may be red and the others form two coloured sets of nine. The pockets 16 may be closed by bags or cups soldered to the board, the cups acting as feet. Alternatively feet 15 may be provided at each corner of the board. The discs 13 are placed on the circles 19 and the disc 17 is then propelled from a line 20 to project a disc 13 into a pocket 16.
Patent GB-391057-A (GB)
Title: Improvements in and relating to tunnel ovens
IPC: F27D1/18
Filed: 1932-06-15
Abstract: 391,057. Tunnel-oven doors. WEDGWOOD & SONS, Ltd., J. and WILSON, N., Etruria, Stoke-on-Trent. June 15, 1932, No. 32140. Divided on 390,358. [Class 51 (ii).] The door 16<1> of a tunnel oven slides in a lateral extension of the tunnel wall and is provided at its vertical edges with angle-iron projections 21, 22 which contact in the closed position of the door with angle irons 19, 20 on the wall. The extension is closed by an endplate 23 through which projects a door-operating handle 18. The door is suspended from an overhead runway 17 and its lower edge moves between guides 66. Lubricant may be supplied to the runway from a reservoir 67 through leads 68, and leakage through the runway may be minimized by an horizontal angle-iron 62 and asbestos packing. Specification 390,358 is referred to.
Patent GB-747204-A (GB)
Title: Process for the production of terephthalic acid or derivatives thereof from phthalic acid
IPC: C07C51/41
Filed: 1953-11-20
Abstract: Terephthalic acid and derivatives thereof are prepared from phthalic acid by a process wherein a potassium salt of phthalic acid is heated to a temperature above 340 DEG  C. in the presence of an inert atmosphere and a potassium salt of terephthalic acid is obtained. Preferred starting materials are dipotassium phthalate or a mixture of phthalic anhydride and potassium carbonate.  The upper limit of reaction temperature is 500 DEG  C., above which excessive carbonization occurs.  Oxygen is excluded from the process by carrying it out in an inert gas, preferably carbon dioxide, and generally at superatmospheric pressure.  The reaction may be carried out in an autoclave, fitted with a stirrer or a removable insert divided by intermediate walls so that when charged the reaction mixture is in thin layers.  Water is avoided as even trace quantities reduce the yield.  The reactants may be mixed with inert substances such as sand, coke, carbon or metals which do not influence the reaction, or salts such as potassium carbonate, sulphate or chloride. Certain metal compounds, for example mercuric chloride, copper oxide, lead oxides, antimony oxide, barium oxide, chromium (IV) oxide and zirconium dioxide have a catalytic effect.  Terephthalic acid is separated by dissolving the reaction product in water, precipitating the acids by the addition of a mineral acid, treating the precipitate with boiling water, filtering off the insoluble terephthalic acid and removing the last traces of phthalic acid as the anhydride by drying at 120 DEG  C.  Minor amounts of benzoic and trimesic acids are also formed.  The terephthalic acid is converted into the corresponding acid chloride by treatment with phosphorus pentachloride and thence by treatment with methyl alcohol to the dimethyl ester.  In example (1) dipotassium phthalate was heated at 350-354 DEG  C. for 6 hours under a maximum pressure of carbon dioxide of 69 atmospheres, the terephthalic acid being recovered as described above.  Numerous examples describe similar processes with, for example, the addition of potassium carbonate or using mono-potassium phthalate.  Further features exemplified are, carrying out the process under normal pressure in a stream of carbon dioxide, under pressure of nitrogen or carbon monoxide, using potassium pyrophosphate as an inert salt, or carrying out the reaction in the presence of boric acid anhydride, sulphur, manganese, iron oxide, titanium dioxide, mercury, lead hydroxide, stannic oxide, arsenic trioxide or pentoxide, tungstic acid anhydride or iron scale.
Patent GB-766178-A (GB)
Title: Novel betaine salts and method for producing same
Filed: 1954-11-08
Abstract: The invention comprises a betaine citrate, e.g. monobetaine citrate, and the preparation thereof by reacting betaine hydrate, or a betaine salt other than a citric acid salt, and citric acid, or a salt thereof other than a betaine salt, in a solvent wherein at least one of the reagents is soluble and wherein betaine citrate, when the sole salt reaction product, is either soluble or insoluble, or one of two reaction products, namely betaine citrate and a by-product salt, is insoluble while the other is soluble.  The reagents may be used approximately in the ratio of molecular proportions present in the desired betaine citrate, e.g. in equimolecular proportions to form a monobetaine citrate.  The betaine hydrate for use in the above process may be prepared by the reaction of a betaine salt of an inorganic acid, e.g. the chloride, bromide or sulphate salt, with a mineral base, e.g. sodium, potassium or barium hydroxide, in alcoholic solution, e.g. a lower alkyl alcohol such as methanol and ethanol.  The above process may be modified in that the betaine citrate is prepared by double decomposition of a salt of betaine with an organic or inorganic acid (other than citric acid) and a mineral or organic base salt of citric acid (other than the betaine salt) in a solvent in which one of said salts and the betaine citrate produced are soluble and in which the by-product salt produced is insoluble, or in which the betaine citrate is insoluble and the by-product salt is soluble.  Thus in the double decomposition process the betaine salt reactant may be betaine chloride, bromide, sulphate or phosphate and the citric salt reactant may be barium citrate.  In a preferred process, betaine sulphate is reacted with barium citrate and the temperature of the reaction products is raised to that at which the barium sulphate formed precipitates quantitatively, e.g. in water, methanol, or dilute aqueous ethyl alcohol as the reaction solvent. After filtering off the precipitated by-product salt in the double decomposition process and concentrating, crystallization of the betaine citrate may be effected with the addition of another solvent for the betaine citrate or more of the same solvent, suitable solvents being ethyl alcohol or acetone.  Two detailed examples are given.
Patent GB-300141-A (GB)
Title: Process for the production of an insulating material from water-glass
IPC: C04B18/02
Filed: 1927-11-05
Abstract: 300,141. Aktiebolaget Termolit, (Assignees of Aktiebolaget Malmo Glasbruk). Nov. 5, 1927, [Convention date]. Void [Published under Sect. 91 of the Acts]. Nonconducting coverings for heat and sound. -Waterglass is prepared in the form of hollow globes or balls, for use as an insulating material, by subjecting it to a preliminary drying to obtain a practically solid mass, reducing the mass to grains as by milling, and finally contacting the grains with a heated surface adapted to impart movement to them. For instance, a rotating drum or disc or an inclined metal plate heated to . dull redness may be employed. Alternatively, the preliminarily dried waterglass, whilst still fluid, may be passed through a sieve, the drops so formed be further dried, as by a current of hot air, to form solid grains, and the drying of the latter be completed as above described.
Patent GB-731971-A (GB)
Title: Improvements in and relating to an aqueous solution of 4-dimethylaminoantipyrine andprocess for the preparation thereof
IPC: A61K47/22
Filed: 1952-12-19
Abstract: A therapeutic preparation comprises an aqueous solution of 4-dimethylaminoantipyrine and an equal amount of a solubilizer which is 4-aminoantipyrine, the total concentration of 4-dimethylaminoantipyrine and solubilizer being at least 10 per cent and preferably more than 30 per cent.  Optional additions are salicylates and derivatives of barbituric acid or purine as, for example, diethyl- or phenylethyl- or cyclohexenylethyl barbituric acid or their sodium salts, and salts of caffeine, theobromine or theophylline.
Patent GB-858132-A (GB)
Title: Preparation of coal tar pitches
IPC: C10C1/19
Filed: 1957-10-16
Abstract: 858,132. Pitch; coking tar and tar products. RUTGERSWERKE A.G. Oct. 16, 1957 [Oct. 23, 1956; May 21, 1957 (2)], No. 32362/57. Classes 55 (1) and 55 (2). Pitch containing more than 38% but not more than 90% by weight coke residue are produced from tars and distillation products of tar particularly coal tar by passing the starting material continuously through a tube furnace heated to a temperature between 450‹ and 525‹ C. and discharging under pressure the thus treated material into a vessel where it is allowed to undergo further decomposition under pressure, e.g. 3-10 atmospheres, before being discharged. The pitch product may be withdrawn from the decomposition vessel in batches or continuously and the time allowed for further decomposition may be from 4-5 minutes to 3 hours depending on the temperature employed in the tube furnace and the product desired. The discharged pitch product may be subjected to a flash evaporation and the sensible heat of the evolved vapours may be used to preheat the starting material. The starting material may be treated with solid, liquid or gaseous oxidizing agents during passage through the tube furnace or in a preliminary treatment at a temperature between 200‹ and 300‹ C. before passage through the tube furnace. Suitable oxidizing agents are lignite tar from which 50% of the lighter constituents have been distilled off, lignite, lignin, xylenols, trimethylphenols and multi-valent phenols. Treatment with air may also be effected in the decomposition vessel and gases resulting from the treatments may be continuously discharged from the decomposition vessel under pressure. The starting material may in certain cases be subjected to a preliminary distillation to remove low boiling constituents before being passed to the tube furnace. The tube furnace may have tubes of 50-60 mm. diameter and be of a length of about 400 metres such that the material being treated passes through the furnace in about 5 minutes. The pitch obtained may be used for briquetting or be coked and graphitized.
Patent GB-432401-A (GB)
Title: Improvements in projection apparatus for lenticular films
IPC: G03B33/14
Filed: 1934-11-10
Abstract: 432,401. Optical-projection apparatus. OPTICOLOR AKT.-GES., Glarus, Switzer. land. Nov. 10, 1934, No. 32429. Convention date, Nov. 10, 1933. [Classes 97 (i) and 98 (ii)] In the projection of lenticular films a gelatin colour filter is used, and a cooling cell is arranged between the light source and the film. As shown in Fig. 1, the filter 8 is mounted in the projection lens, and the cell 4 is placed between the film 6 and the condenser 3 and arc lamp 1. The filter may comprise gelatin foils 9, 10, 11, Fig. 3, held between glass plates, and masks 15, 16; light-impermeable strips 17, 18, of such length as to leave permeable strips 19, 20, may also be provided. The foil enclosing plate nearer the light source may constitute a filter for rays which might be harmful to the gelatin filter. The cooling cell may consist of a vessel comprising transparent plates 22, 23, and water circulating connections 24, 25. The plates may be heat absorbent, and another such plate 29 may be placed in the cell. The cooling cell may be arranged on one face of the condenser, and the colour filter may be mounted in front of the lens.
Patent GB-868676-A (GB)
Title: Improvements in and relating to constant load supports
Inventor: DEBBAGE LAWRENCE
IPC: F16L3/205
Filed: 1957-10-17
Abstract: 868,676. Constant support springs. PARSONS & CO. Ltd., C. A. Oct. 2, 1958 [Oct. 17, 1957], No. 32476/57. Class 108(3). In a constant support spring hanger turnplates 2 are pivoted on fixed plates 1. A load 9 is bolted to plates 2 by a bolt 6. The turning moment of the load about the axis of rotation of the turnplate can be adjusted by moving the bolt 6 along a slot 7. In operation a primary spring 4 exerts no force on the turnplate initially. As the load 9 moves down spring 4 is compressed and moves in an arc until when fully loaded it gives a full supporting torque to the turnplates. A secondary spring 5 is initially set and placed so that it is in compression and gives a positive supporting torque to the turnplates. As the load moves down the lever arm for the secondary spring 5 decreases to zero and then increases to its original value but the torque applied to the turnplates is negative. As both springs act on the turnplate the net effect is that the resulting supporting torque over the range of movement is approximately half that supplied by the primary spring 4. The resistance of the springs may be adjusted.
Patent GB-429180-A (GB)
Title: Improvements relating to billet-heating furnaces
IPC: F27D3/00
Filed: 1933-11-21
Abstract: 429,180. Billet - heating furnaces. HOLLAND, C. B., and CHESTERFIELD TUBE CO., Ltd., Tube Works, Derby Road, Chesterfield, Derbyshire. Nov. 21, 1933, No. 32485. [Class 51 (ii)] In the heating of billets employed for the manufacture of tubes by the piercing, rolling, or extrusion processes, the billet 8 is supported end-on on a rotatable holder 1 fitted in the bed of the furnace 2 so that it is rotated about its longitudinal axis during heating. In the construction shown, two holders 1, each consisting of a heat-resisting metal block 9 supported on refractory insulating material 10, are provided, the billet 8, after partial heating on one holder, being turned end-for-end and placed on the other holder for the completion of the heating. The apertures in the furnace bed which accommodate the holders 1 are fitted with sleeve 11 having depending extensions engaging in sand or like seals 12.
Patent GB-1038303-A (GB)
Title: A method and apparatus for gear chamfering
IPC: B23F23/12
Filed: 1964-08-10
Abstract: 1,038,303. Grinding; gear cutting. KANZAKI KOKYU KOKI SEISAKUSHO KABUSHIKI KAISHA. Aug. 10, 1964, No. 32528/64. Headings B3B, B3D and B3K. A method of chamfering a gear 29, Fig. 1, comprises arranging a rapidly rotating tool 39 on a lever 31 which is movable about its fulcrum 37 so as to engage the tool with the gear which rotates at a low speed, the movement of the gear causing the tool to move up and down along the edges of the teeth of the gear. The gear is mounted on a table 28 slowly rotated by a drive from a motor 22, and the tool 39 is mounted on the spindle 38 of a pneumatic motor mounted on the fulcrum 37. The latter is carried by a bracket 36 adjustably supported on the base of the machine and an adjustable spring 40, Fig. 2b (not shown), acts to urge the tool into contact with the gear. The tool can be withdrawn from the gear by the switching on of a magnet 42 secured to the motor 32. The tool may be conical, parallel, or shaped like a disc, in which case the plane of the disc is in a radial plane of the gear, and may be in the form of a whetstone or file.
Patent GB-783620-A (GB)
Title: Improvements in or relating to electric plug and socket couplings
Inventor: FAIRWEATHER DOUGLAS WILLIAM
IPC: H01R13/11
Filed: 1954-11-10
Abstract: 783,620. Two-part couplings. GENERAL ELECTRIC CO., Ltd. Nov. 10, 1955 [Nov. 10, 1954], No. 32564/54. Class 38 (1). A socket designed to accept two-pin plugs of different types, such as round - pin British and Continental types and American and New Zealand flat-pin types, comprises a body 1 in which are loosely mounted a pair of V-section contact members 3 with lateral terminal wings 5, and a leafspring 4 secured to the inner end of each member 3 and bent parallel to and inwardly against the inserted plug-pin so as to force it into the V, if round, or across the mouth, if flat, or edgewise between the flat base of the V and itself (Fig. 4, not shown). The pin-entry holes 7 are also shaped specially to take the range of pin-types.
Patent GB-642169-A (GB)
Title: Airplane landing gear
IPC: B64C25/50
Filed: 1947-12-10
Abstract: 642,169. Aircraft landing-gear. GOOD. YEAR AIRCRAFT CORPORATION. Dec. 10, 1947, No. 32567. Convention date, April 14. [Class 4] A cross-wind landing-gear for aircraft comprises a plurality of substantially horizontally. extending axles, a forwardly and downwardly inclined king-pin in each axle, a hub mounted on the king-pin for substantially vertical sliding movement therewith and for castering movement, bearings carried on the hub and rotatably supporting a wheel, and a cam follower carried by the axle and engaging with a flatly notched cam formed on the inside of the hub, the weight of the aircraft when on the ground holding the cam follower in the bottom of the flatly notched can to align the wheel with the aircraft. In the embodiment shown a cam 18 is urged by a spring 19 against a follower 21 to return the wheel 1 to its medial position on the king-pin 12. Shimmy damping is achieved by a friction block 25 disposed within the stubaxle 16 and urged by a spring 24 against a cylindrical surface fast to the king-pin support.
Patent GB-1002658-A (GB)
Title: Improvements in locking screw threaded fasteners of the nut and bolt type
Inventor: BINKS JOHN ALFRED
IPC: F16B39/34
Filed: 1963-08-16
Abstract: 1,002,658. Locking nuts and bolts. BROWN BROTHERS (AIRCRAFT) Ltd. Aug. 13, 1964 [Aug. 16, 1963], No. 32573/63. Heading F2H. An insert of polypropylene is carried in a nut or bolt, with a face flush with the thread crest, to render the nut or bolt selflocking. It may be a ring held at the end of a nut by an inturned wall, or be a plug 15 fitted in a radial hole 16 in a bolt 18 and extending axially a distance approximately equal to twice the pitch of the bolt thread 17.
Patent GB-1137116-A (GB)
Title: Automatic direction control arrangement for the propulsion unit of an aircraft
IPC: B64C29/00
Filed: 1966-07-20
Abstract: 1,137,116. Controlling aircraft. FIAT S.p.A. 20 July, 1966 [11 Jan., 1966], No. 32648/66. Heading B7G. Control equipment keeps the direction # of the thrust T of an aircraft engine at its optimum value, as a function of the angle of attack α of the aircraft. The equipment may comprise an instrument 1 which detects the angle of attack α and transmits it to a function generator GF which deduces and transmits the desired direction # of engine thrust to a differential amplifier AD. This compares the desired # and actual # r  directions of thrust, and through a power amplifier AP controls a servomotor S to equalize the values # and # r . The equipment may utilize hydraulic, pneumatic, mechanical, electromechanical or electronic devices or a combination of some or all of these.
Patent GB-1268966-A (GB)
Title: Process for the preparation of isoquinuclidine alkaloids
IPC: C07D471/22
Filed: 1969-06-27
Abstract: 1,268,966. Isoquinuclidine derivatives. SHIONOGI & CO., Ltd. 27 June, 1969 [29 June, 1968], No. 32707/69. Heading C2C. Compounds I wherein R<SP>1</SP> is H or 1-4 C alkyl; R<SP>2</SP> and R<SP>3</SP> are H or 1-4 C alkoxy; and R<SP>4</SP> is CH 3  or CH 2 CH 3  are prepared by reacting II with methane-, benzene-, p-toluene- or bromobenzene-sulphonic acid to give III wherein X is a sulphonic acid residue, reacting III with NaCN, KCN or LiCN in a polar solvent to give IV which is then reduced using a metal hydride to V which is then catalytically hydrogenated to give VI  which is then hydrolysed and esterified to give I. Compounds IV and VI are claimed per se.
Patent GB-245166-A (GB)
Title: An improved one way conductor for rectifying alternating current
IPC: H01G9/16
Filed: 1925-12-28
Abstract: 245,166. Andre, H. G. Dec. 26, 1924, [Convention date]. Addition to 224,871. Drawings to Specification. Electrolytic cells, arrangements of.-An electrolytic rectifier may be combined with a pressure-transformer designed so that its no-load voltage, together with the reverse EMF of the receiver, does not exceed the break-down voltage of the rectifir. A steady ing-resistance such as a metal-filament lamp or an iron wire in hydrogen may be employed.
Patent GB-1106272-A (GB)
Title: Adamantyl chloroformates and process for the preparation thereof
IPC: C07C69/96
Filed: 1966-01-05
Abstract: Adamantyl chloroformates of the formula <FORM:1106272/C2/1> where AD is adamantyl, methyladamantyl, dimethyladamantyl or homo-adamantyl, may be obtained by reacting a compound of the formula AD-OH with phosgene in the presence of a tertiary amine in an inert solvent.
Patent GB-391893-A (GB)
Title: Improvements in machines for pressing and punching blanks for screw nuts and the like
IPC: B21K1/64
Filed: 1931-11-26
Abstract: 391,893. Forging nuts. HATEBUR, F., 58, K÷nigstrasse, Neuss, Germany. Nov. 26, 1931, No. 32822. Convention date, Nov. 26, 1930. [Class 83 (iv).] A blank p severed from a hot bar a by a cutter d is advanced into a tube f and pushed therethrough by a plunger e into one of a number of dies g carried by a stepwise rotating carrier k, in which dies the blank is forged in the direction of the grain of the iron into a nut &c. At position II the blank is pressed by tools h<1>, h<2> and perforated by punches l<1>, l<2>, leaving a thin flash m which is removed at the next position III, where the nut faces also are shaped by dies ql, q2. At the next position IV the finished nut is removed by an ejector s.