Patent GB-1345804-A (GB)
Title: Thread-reinforced laminated structure having lines of weakness and method and apparatus for creating lines of weakness
IPC: B26F1/18
Filed: 1971-11-09
Abstract: 1345804 Laminates; cutting apparatus SCOTT PAPER CO 9 Nov 1971 [20 Nov 1970] 52086/71 Headings B5N and B4B  A laminated structure comprises at least one web 16, 18 of cellulosic fibres with reinforcing threads 22, 24 secured thereto, at least one line 12 of perforations extending between opposed marginal edges of the laminated structure, each line of perforations being defined by a series of spaced discrete cuts 26 interconnected by uncut regions 28, at least a segment of at least one reinforcing thread being disposed in an uncut region of at least one line of perforations, the tensile strength of each segment of each reinforcing thread which is disposed in an uncut region of a line of perforations having a substantially lower tensile strength than segments of each reinforcing thread which are disposed outside the uncut regions of each line of perforations. The line of weakness may be formed by performing either simultaneously or in either order the steps of: (a) providing a line of perforations by cutting the laminated structure at spaced, aligned intervals to form a discontinuous cut line with uncut regions disposed between the cuts; and (b) applying a crushing force in regions of the laminated structure corresponding to uncut regions of the line of perforations and of a magnitude for substantially reducing the tensile strength of each segment of each reinforcing thread which is disposed in an uncut region without substantially reducing the tensile strength of the web of cellulosic fibres. An apparatus for effecting the method comprises: (a) perforating means 32 for creating a series of aligned cuts through the laminated structure along a transverse line, the cuts being spaced apart by uncut regions of the laminated structure; and (b) crushing means 32 for applying pressure along the transverse line of a sufficient magnitude for substantially reducing the tensile strength of each segment of each reinforcing thread which is disposed in a region of the transverse line which is unaffected by the perforating means operated either before or after or simultaneously with the crushing means. In a preferred embodiment, each layer 16, 18 of cellulosic fibre web may be single or multi-ply and is preferably made from wood pulp fibres. The reinforcing web 20 may comprise lengthwise threads 22 and transverse threads 24 in the form of a woven scrim, the threads being made from rayon, cotton, plastisol coated glass, polyester or polypropylene fibres. In assembling the laminate, the reinforcing web is preferably passed through an adhesive bath prior to being sandwiched between the cellulosic fibre webs. In the embodiment shown in Fig. 2, the laminate 10 is passed firstly through the crushing station 32 and secondly through the cutting station 34, a registration control unit 38 furnished with a roll 40 adjustable between fixed positions indicated by arrow 42 being positioned between the two stations. The crushing station 32 comprises a lower anvil support roll 44 having a crushing anvil 46 connected thereto, the upper crushing surface of the anvil which may be either continuous and substantially planar or serrated co-operates with the surface of an upper crushing roll 48 which is slightly skewed relative to the lower anvil support roll 44. The cutting station 34 comprises a lower carrier roll 52 having a flexible cutting blade 54 mounted thereon, the cutting blade having a cutting edge interrupted by axially spaced grooves to define discrete cutting edge segments and being mounted to pass in interference with anvil 56 mounted in stationary holder 58 to engage and cut the product 10, the anvil and the holder therefore being skewed relative to the axes of the lower carrier roll 52. In the alternative embodiment shown in Fig. 6, the combined crushing and cutting station comprises a notched anvil 72 and an unnotched anvil 74 both mounted in a fixed holder 70, the anvil 72 being notched to define spaced edges which co-operate with a knife edge of resilient unnotched cutting blade 76 to form the spaced cut segments of the perforated line 12, the unnotched anvil 74 having a rounded crushing edge 78 spaced upwardly from the spaced edge segments of the notched anvil 72, the crushing edge 78 co-operating with the resilient blade 76 to crush the laminated product across its entire transverse direction. The resilient blade is held in a lower carrier roll 80 by a jaw element 82 and is spaced from the crushing edge 78.