baber/WOPTO huggingface dataset:
Patent GB-927534-A (GB)
Title: Novel margarine and process therefor
Inventor: MELNICK DANIEL
IPC: A23D7/00
Filed: 1959-12-28
Abstract: A fat for margarine contains 15 to 60% by weight of essential fatty acid, e.g. linoleic, linolenic, arachiolonic acids, and not more than 10% trans fatty acid, and has an S.C.I. (Solids Content Index) at 70 DEG F. of 4 to 15, and at 50 DEG F. and S.C.I. of 2 to 8 times that at 92 DEG F., its fatty acid radicals being in random distribution. The fat may be produced by blending a limpid vegetable oil, e.g. 60 to 90%, with a solid hydrogenated fat, e.g. 10 to 40% and interesterifying by heating for 20 to 60 minutes at below 550 DEG F., e.g. between 150 DEG  to 200 DEG F., in the presence of a catalyst, e.g. 0,05 to 1% of an alkali metal alkoxide, either in the absence of air or in an inert gas.  Suitable vegetable oils contain 20 to 75% essential fatty acid, and have Iodine values of 85 to 155, e.g. peanut, sesame, cotton seed, corn, sunflower, soybean, safflower oils, lightly hydrogenated.  The solid fat is derived from vegetable oils or animal fat and completely hydrogenated, or nearly so, having a trans fatty acid content below 40%, a m.pt. between 125 DEG  to 165 DEG F., and an Iodine No. of from 0 to 40.  The fat may include antoxidants, e.g. to copherol, hydroxy anisole, butylated hydroxytoluene, propyl gallate, and/or acid synergists, e.g. citric acid, isopropyl citrate, lecithin, ethylene diamine tetracetic acid, and 0 to 40% of a finely dispersed gas, e.g. nitrogen, carbon dioxide, and may be plasticized and tempered and/or blended with hydrogenated and/or unhydrogenated oils to adjust its consistency before packaging. Margarine may be prepared by blending not less than 80% of the fat with a milk phase.
Patent GB-977311-A (GB)
Title: Process for the manufacture of ª,ª-unsaturated aliphatic nitriles
IPC: B01J23/843
Filed: 1960-12-22
Abstract: a -b -unsaturated aliphatic nitriles are prepared by reacting an olefine with air and/or oxygen and ammonia at elevated temperature in the presence of a catalyst which contains at least one oxide of chromium, manganese, iron, cobalt and nickel and optionally at least one oxide of bismuth, vanadium and phosphorus. The molar proportions of oxides are such that for each atom of the metal other than bismuth there are 0-10.5 atoms of bismuth, 0-3.5 atoms of phosphorus and 1-26 atoms of oxide oxygen. The catalyst is supported, on a carrier, e.g. silicon dioxide, silicon carbide, aluminium oxide, pumice or mixtures thereof and is prepared by calcining the mixture of silica and metal salts, and activating by calcination.  Propylene and isobutylene may be treated to form acrylonitrile and methacrylonitrile respectively.ALSO:Catalysts for the preparation of a ,b -unsaturated aliphatic nitriles by reacting an olefine with air and/or oxygen with ammonia, contain at least one oxide of chromium, manganese, iron, cobalt and nickel, and optionally at least one oxide of bismuth, vanadium and phosphorus.  The molar proportions are such that for each atom of the metals, other than bismuth, there are 0-10,5 atoms of bismuth, 0-3,5 atoms of phosphorus and 1-26 atoms of oxide oxygen. A carrier such as silicon dioxide, silicon carbide, aluminium oxide, pumice or mixtures thereof may be used and the catalysts may be as a solid, fluidized or flowing bed. In the preparation of the catalysts the carrier is added to an aqueous solution of the salts, e.g. nitrates or ammonium salts, and it desired phosphoric acid, the mixture evaporated to dryness and calcined at 300-1100  DEG C. and activated by heating in an air-ammonia mixture containing 10-20% by volume of ammonia at the calcination temperature.  Examples describe the preparation of catalysts containing bismuth oxide, iron oxide and phosphorus pentoxide; iron oxide and phosphorus pentoxide; bismuth oxide and nickel oxide and phosphorus pentoxide; iron oxide, bismuth oxide, vanadium oxide and phosphorus pentoxide; and iron oxide and bismuth oxide, and the preparation of acrylonitrile from propylene.
Patent GB-913889-A (GB)
Title: A fastener for securing an article to an apertured support
IPC: F16B5/12
Filed: 1960-12-23
Abstract: 913,889. Releasable fastenings. UNITEDCARR FASTENER CORPORATION. Dec. 23, 1960 [Dec. 23, 1959], No. 44334/60. Class 44. A fastener for attaching a moulding strip 12 to a support 14 is formed from a synthetic plastics material and comprises a rectangular head portion 28 having a shank 30 of oval or elliptical shape in cross-section which is inserted into an oval-shaped aperture 26 in the support, the fastener then being turned to the positon shown in Fig. 1 whereby the wall of the shank makes a biting engagement with the wall of the aperture. The moulding 12 is clipped on to the fastener to engage the undercut portions 36 and 38. To aid rotation of the fastener, bearing surfaces 44, 46 are formed on the underside of the head 28 and also a seal 40 is provided.
Patent GB-1095178-A (GB)
Title: Improvements in and relating to sealing or trimming elements
IPC: B60J10/00
Filed: 1965-10-20
Abstract: 1,095,178. Strengthening edges. N. L. LEVI, [trading as GUISTAL FABBRICA ITALIANA ACCESSORI PER CARROZZERIE]. Oct. 20, 1965, No. 44379/65. Heading B5K. [Also in Division E1] A sealing or trim strip for straddling over the edge of a metal sheet particularly for car bodies and doors, comprises a core 1 of flexible metal band provided with transverse slits (2, Fig. 1) at alternate sides and with, on each side, two rows of teeth or projections 3, 4, staggered axially of the strip in relation to each other, the teeth 3 penetrating the lapped under portion of the outer covering 5 to retain the covering on the core, and the teeth 4 engage the sheet 6. The covering 5 may have a portion, as shown, as a flange to function as a draught excluder.
Patent GB-1435726-A (GB)
Title: Circuit arrangement for the supply of regulated interruption-free current to a direct current lo
IPC: G05F1/62
Filed: 1973-09-24
Abstract: 1435726 Automatic control of voltage and current TELEFUNKEN COMPUTER GmbH 24 Sept 1973 [22 Sept 1972] 44588/73 Heading G3R [Also in Division H2] A converter comprises means for converting A.C. into D.C. means for storing said D.C. means for chopping or inverting said D.C. so as to produce further A.C. means for rectifying said further A.C. so as to produce D.C. and means for regulating the voltage of said D.C. and including series and parallel regulators controlled by said regulating means. As described, three phase A.C. is rectified, Fig. 1 (not shown) and has a floating battery across the output of the rectifier. The resulting D.C. is inverted by transistors or thyristors and feeds the primary of a transformer. The secondary voltage is rectified at 8, 9, smoothed at 10....12 and feeds a load 14. The conduction angle of the inverting thyristors or transistors is controlled in response to output voltage or current by means of a regulator 13. The regulation is improved by switching an auxiliary A.C. source supplied by diodes 18, 19 across the D.C. load 14 by means of a switching transistor 152 and inductor 23 at appropriate times in the inverter cycle. Transistor 161 is switched in at other appropriate times in the inverting cycle so as to provide an auxiliary load across 14. A freewheeling diode 22 is included. Fig. 3 (not shown) depicts waveforms showing the effect of the regulation.
Patent GB-1492054-A (GB)
Title: Ultrasonic testing system
IPC: G01N29/24
Filed: 1974-10-24
Abstract: 1492054 Ultrasonic flaw detectors AUTOMATION INDUSTRIES Inc 21 Oct 1974 [24 Oct 1973] 44652/74 Heading G1G In ultrasonic flaw detection, ultrasonic pulses suitable for detecting surface or short-range flaws alternate with pulses suitable for detecting longrange flaws, the echoes being received by respective short- and longrange receivers 62, 40 and applied via alternately enabled gated amplifiers 74, 72 to C.R.O. 66 to provide a combined display. The short-range pulses may be of a relatively high frequency, e.g. #10 MHz, giving good resolution for small surface cracks, e.g. in a turbine blade, but having poor penetration; and the long-range pulses may be of a relatively low frequency, e.g. #2À25 MHz, giving good penetration but poorer resolution. Alternatively the short-range pulses may be of relatively low amplitude and the long-range pulses of high amplitude, the consequential ringing in the transducer having time to die down before the longrange echoes are received. In Fig. 7 the oscilloscope time-base sweep and the time windows for which the gated amplifiers 74, 72 are enabled are synchronized with the time of arrival of the entrant face echo by means of gated amplifier 118, the time of changeover from shortto longrange being controlled by delay 124. The long-range receiver has distance amplitude correction 150. A single transducer may be used for both sets of pulses or respective short- and longrange transducers may be arranged concentrically, Fig. 3 and 4 (not shown) or side-by-side, Figs. 5 and 6 (not shown).
Patent GB-1441773-A (GB)
Title: Deck plate and bearing assembly for a pick-up arm for a record player
IPC: G11B3/30
Filed: 1973-09-24
Abstract: 1441773 Pick-up arm assembly PHILIPS ELECTRONIC & ASSOCIATED INDUSTRIES Ltd 24 Sept 1973 [27 Sept 1972] 44684/73 Heading G5R To reduce the time of assembling a pick-up arm bearing on a deck plate 1 of a gramophone, the bearing column 7 is supported from above by a part 3 which extends upwardly from the deck plate and the bearing body 9 with its integrally formed bearing block 15 is mounted on the downwardly extending column by insertion through an aperture 49 formed in the deck plate. The body is held in position by a metal plate 19 secured to the base plate and the plate also locates the lower end of column 7. Pick-up arm 17 is mounted by a pin 51 on the bearing block and the lower part of the bearing body has moulded thereto a striker arm 37 which co-operates with an end of record sensor and a stop arm 39 which co-operates with a plate member 41 to define the set down position of the pick-up arm for different size records. A pickup arm raise member 45 extends through the bearing structure.
Patent GB-988236-A (GB)
Title: A knitted or woven sleeve member suitable for use in the construction of a scouring pad
Inventor: GROPPER HARRY
IPC: A47L17/08
Filed: 1961-04-15
Abstract: 988,236. Scouring pads. P. V. BLAKEMORE, and W. G. SKERRETT [Representatives of H. GROPPER]. April 15, 1961, No. 44940/63. Divided out of 988,235. Drawings to Specification. Heading A4F. An abrasive knitted or woven sleeve member for use in the construction of a scouring pad comprises monofilamentous ribbon yarn of polyethylene terephthalate having abrasive edges. The yarn may be used in combination with a softer twisted yarn, e.g. of nylon.
Patent GB-1396912-A (GB)
Title: Push button switch
IPC: H01H13/18
Filed: 1972-09-29
Abstract: 1396912 Switc hactuators MATSUSHITA ELECTRIC WORKS Ltd 29 Sept 1972 [30 Sept 1971 25 Nov 1971] 45110/72 Heading H1N A detachable actuation lever 8, Fig. 2, for a push-button micro switch 1 has two bent up parts 9, 10 at one end engageable in a recess 6, one part 10 having bent up flange 11 for locking engagement under a lip 6c, Fig. 5A of the recess. The wall opposite the lip has two or more flats as 6e, 6f whereby a restoring torque F is applied to the lever 8 when it is moved above (shown) or below a centre-stable position Fig. 5B (not shown). A modification is shown in which lipped recesses 6, 14, Fig. 10, are provided in two walls of the micro switch 1 for resilient attachment of a support bracket 17 having lipped ends 13, 15 engageable in the recesses. The bracket has a pair of upstanding apertured lugs 18 for locating pivot pins (19) Fig. 11 (not shown) extending on opposite sides of an actuator 8<SP>1</SP>.
Patent GB-1328027-A (GB)
Title: Continuous freeze dryer
IPC: F26B5/06
Filed: 1971-09-29
Abstract: 1328027 Freeze drying H GOTTFRIED 29 Sept 1971 [25 Feb 1971] 45315/71 Heading F4G A liquid slurry of food (e.g. fruit juice, meat, vegetables, or biological materials) is supplied from a constant-level device 44 to a cooled pipe 50 connected to a freezing chamber 16 (-40‹ C.) containing a conveying and crushing screw 58 rotated by a motor 62 (alternatively, the material may be frozen by dropping it into liquid nitrogen, and then pulverized); after freezing, the material is passed through a valve 62a into a first lyophilizing chamber 66 which contains a conveyer to circulate continuously the material along the chamber 66, which is heated or cooled by coils connected to a reversible refrigeration system, and which is evacuated by a vacuum pump 90 associated with a pair of vapour traps 86, 86a (at -40‹ to -80‹ C.); it passes to a second lyophilizing chamber 66a and thence to one of three similar finishing chambers 24, 26 or 28 from which it is discharged after prolonged circulation while maintaining the vacuum in the chamber. The conveyer in each lyophilizing chamber comprises an inner rotary screw 70 (which moves the material upwards) a cylindrical partition 68 and an outer rotary screw 74 (which moves the material downwards), but may comprise a single screw with material return by an external tube, or a single (or double) screw and partition in a horizontal lyophilizing chamber. When the material in the chamber 24, 26 or 28 is completely dry and the temperature rises to ambient, a signal light 36, 40 or 29 (Fig. 5) is illuminated and acts on a photocell 36a, 40a or 29a causing a belt and roller conveyer 39 to be raised under one of the chambers, e.g. 28 so that the container thereon, e.g. 38a hits a switch to stop the conveyer and open the valve, e.g. 28V as the container is pressed against the flared mouth of the chamber. The packaging zone is under vacuum or nitrogen. Alternatively, the chambers discharge into a common screw conveyer maintained under-vacuum and connected to a vacuum chamber in which filling of the containers is carried out.
Patent GB-970478-A (GB)
Title: Copolymers of ethylene and propylene
Inventor: BOND JOHN ALVEY
IPC: C08F8/50
Filed: 1961-12-20
Abstract: A block copolymeric material, obtained from ethylene and propylene, contains 1-40% by weight of ethylene and has a low temperature brittle point below -5 DEG C. and a melt index of 5 or above.  The materials are produced by subjecting a block copolymer of ethylene and propylene, containing 1-40% by weight of ethylene to thermal degradation, or by continuously introducing hydrogen into the polymerization zone during the polymerization of at least one monomer.  Block copolymerization is carried out using a catalyst of which one component is an organo-metallic compound and the other a compound (usually a halide) of a transition metal from Group IV-VI of the Periodic Table, at a temperature of 10-90 DEG C. in an inert solvent.  Hydrogen is mixed with one or more of the monomers fed to the reaction mixture, or it may be separately fed continuously to the reaction mixture throughout polymerization, or throughout the addition of one monomer only.  Hydrogen is suitably present in molar proportions to the monomers polymerized of 0.01 to 5%.  When thermal degradation is used to prepare the polymers according to the invention this can be brought about in a number of different ways, preferably by extrusion at a temperature of 250 DEG -350 DEG C. Other apparatus such as mixers, kneading apparatus and heated mill rolls can also be used.  Known stabilizers, carbon black or other pigments or fillers may be incorporated in the material before or during the process. Specification 970,479 is referred to.
Patent GB-1026876-A (GB)
Title: Improvements in or relating to abrasive tools
Inventor: PINDER HAROLD WILLIAM
IPC: C22C29/00
Filed: 1961-12-21
Abstract: Abrasive granules, for brazing to a metal base, e.g. steel to provide an abrasive tool, are produced by fracturing a sintered metal carbide body, selecting fractured granules finer than the ultimate granule size, re-sintering the finer granules to produce an agglomerated mass and fracturing this mass to produce the abrasive granules.  The metal carbides may be of W, Ti, Ta, Nb, Cr, Mo, B or Si bonded with Co, Ni or Fe.  Additional bonding metal may be added before re-sintering.ALSO:Abrasive granules, for brazing to a metal base to provide an abrasive tool, are produced by fracturing a sintered metal carbide body, selecting fractured granules finer than the ultimate granule size, re-sintering the finer granules to produce an agglomerated mass and fracturing this mass to produce the abrasive granules.  The metal carbides may be of W, Ti, Ta, Nb, Cr, Mo, B or Si bonded with Co, Ni, or Fe.  Additional bonding metal may be added before re-sintering.
Patent GB-1074882-A (GB)
Title: Improvements in or relating to drum tedders
IPC: B23F9/10
Filed: 1964-08-07
Abstract: This Specification incorporates the subject-matter of Specifications 1,074,881 and 1,074,883.
Patent GB-1248055-A (GB)
Title: Partitioning arrangement for fluid cushions in ground effect vehicles
Inventor: GIRAUD FRANCOIS LOUIS
IPC: B60V3/04
Filed: 1968-10-01
Abstract: 1,248,055. Ground effect machine; railway systems. SOC. DE L'AEROTRAIN. 1 Oct., 1968 [4 Oct., 1967; 19 June, 1968], No. 46470/68. Headings B7K and B7L. In ground effect machine in the embodiment for co-operating with a fixed track, apparatus for subdividing a cushion space, bounded by skirt 7, comprises two partitions 18 and 19 rigidly riveted to a deformable diaphragm 23 attached to a depending part 24 of the vehicle body. If the cushion pressure in a sub-division such as 27 drops, because of undue leakage past the primary skirting system, the two partitions will rotate clockwise as in Fig. 4, thereby decreasing the gap 26 between partitions 19 and the track 1 and minimizing the loss of cushion air or hoverheight. An alternative spring damping suspension is also described for the partitions, Figs. 5, 6 (not shown). The skirting system can also include a rigid member 7 bolted to angle bar 9 which is pivotally connected by rod 10 to pass through lugs 11, 12 and 14 and is attached to the vehicle body at 15 to act as a torsion spring. Several rigid members 7 may be used to provide a spring-loaded skirting system confirming an air cushion, to support the vehicle above the track 1.
Patent GB-1212686-A (GB)
Title: Methods of purifying graphite
IPC: C01B31/04
Filed: 1967-10-12
Abstract: 1,212,686. Purifying graphite. ULTRA CARBON CORP. 12 Oc t ., 1967 [12 Oct., 1966], No. 46604/67. Heading C1A. [Also in Divisions B1 and F4]] Graphite is purified by placing it in a pure graphite container containing a mix which includes a particulate pure graphite and a non- gaseous reagent which when heated will vaporize to form a gas capable of uniting with impurities in the graphite to be purified; the temperature in the container being slowly elevated, e.g. by immersing the container in a high temperature petroleum coke bed, to cause the gas to be formed and react with the impurities, the volatile products migrating through the porous graphite container walls to the exterior where they are swept away, e.g. by difluoro - dichloromethane, optionally along with CCI 4  followed by N 2  gas flowing through the coke bed as described in Specification 798,644. The walls 10 of the graphite container (Fig. 1) should be thick enough to prevent remigration of any volatile products into the interior on cooling the container. A wall 14 with a communicating aperture 17 divides the interior of the container into a reaction chamber 15 and pressure relieving chamber 16. The mix used preferably comprises 50% by wt. of 200- 325 mesh particulate graphite and 50% by wt. of powdered non-gaseous reagent of the same mesh. The latter may specifically be alkali metal salts, halogen containing compounds, sea water or rock salt, ammonium chloride, polytetrafluoroethylene, barium fluoride or chloride, strontium or lithium carbonate, lithium fluoride or chloride, germanium oxide, cryolite and a blend of the latter with sol ammoniac.
Patent GB-1319324-A (GB)
Title: Five-ply plastics film
IPC: B32B27/00
Filed: 1970-10-01
Abstract: 1319324 Laminates BADISCHE ANILIN- & SODA-FABRIK AG 1 Oct 1970 [2 Oct 1969] 46675/70 Addition to 1319323 Heading B5N A five-ply plastics film consists of (1) a first outer ply having a thickness of from 0À010 to 0À200 mm. and consisting of a homopolymer of ethylene or of a copolymer of ethylene and vinyl acetate containing up to 15% by weight of vinyl acetate units, (2) a first intermediate ply having a thickness of from 0À005 to 0À050 mm. and consisting of a copolymer containing from 60 to 90 parts by weight of ethylene units, from 0À5 to 20 parts by weight of units of an ethylenically unsaturated acid, e.g. acrylic acid, from 0À5 to 20 parts by weight of units of an ester of an ethylenically unsaturated acid, e.g. t-butyl acrylate and from 0À3 to 5 parts by weight of isobutylene units, the total of the parts by weight being 100 (3) a central ply having a thickness of from 0À010 to 0À150 mm. and consisting of a synthetic thermoplastic polyamide, (4) a second intermediate ply having a thickness and composition as set forth for the first intermediate ply and (5) a second outer ply having a thickness and composition as set forth for the first outer ply. Specified polyamides are polycaprolactam, polycapryllactam, polylaurolactam, polyoenantholactam, nylon 6 : 6, nylon 6 : 10, nylon 6 : 12, poly-11-aminoundecanoic acid and the corresponding copolyamides. The five-ply film may be made by applying heat and pressure to an assembly of the plies or by simultaneous extrusion.
Patent GB-1407229-A (GB)
Title: Roadway and composition therefor
IPC: E01C7/32
Filed: 1972-10-10
Abstract: 1407229 Asphalt paving US RUBBER RECLAIMING CO INC 10 Oct 1972 46684/72 Heading E1G [Also in Division C3]  In a road construction comprising a surface layer 8 of asphalt on a base 5 such as rolled aggregate or (as shown) old broken-up concrete having joints 6 and cracks 7, a stress-relieving interface is provided by a thin (say “") layer 9 of a -composition which is visco-elastic at low rates ofstress and elastic at high rates, the composition comprising by volume 30 to 60% of ground vulcanised rubber; 20 to 50% of fine mineral aggregate-e.g. sand, and 15 to 35% of asphalt. The interface layer 9 has a viscoelastic extensibility of from 600 to 1200% more than the extensibility of the road surface layer 8 and serves (a) to fill or avert cracks and (b) to act as a moisture barrier. Specific percentages of rubber, sand and asphalt, and specific mesh sizes for the rubber crumbs and aggregates are quoted. The asphalt is preferably an emulsion of 50 to 70% asphalt in water or other material.
Patent GB-1106588-A (GB)
Title: Process for the preparation of 1,2,3,5-tetraacyl-ª-d-ribose compounds
IPC: C07H13/04
Filed: 1966-10-27
Abstract: Preparation of 1,2,3,5-tetra-acyl-b -D-ribose derivatives by treating one or more ribonucleosides in a solution of a carboxylic acid anhydride and the corresponding acid at elevated temperature, whereupon simultaneous fission of the ribonucleoside and acylation of the free hydroxyl groups in the ribose moiety occurs, and isolating the tetraacylated ribose in known manner. According to a further embodiment of the invention acylating fission of conventionally benzoylated nucleosides gives a 1-acyl-2,3,5-tribenzoyl -b -D-ribose derivative.  The specified acylating agents are acetic, propionic, benzoic, trichloracetic and trifluoracetic anhydrides together with the corresponding acids and the acylating fission is preferably carried out at the boiling temperature of the reaction mixture.  The preparation of 1,2,3,5-tetra-acetyl -b -D-ribofuranose from guanosine and/or adenosine, 1,2,3,5-tetra(trifluoroacetyl)-b -D-ribofuranose from guanosine, 1,2,3,5-tetra-propionyl-D-ribofuranose from inosine and 1-acety l 2,3,5-tribenzoyl-b -D-ribose from guanosine or uridine or mixtures thereof with adenosine and cytidine is described. Tetra-benzoylguanosine is prepared in known manner.  N-Acetyl derivatives of guanine and adenosine are obtained from guanosine and adenosine and unspecified acetyl purines are obtained from a mixture of adenosine, guanosine, uridine and cytidine.