Patent RU-2769947-C1 (RU)
Title: Cryostorage of mammoth fauna
Inventor: Protopopov Albert Vasilevich
IPC: F25D16/00
Filed: 2021-04-20
Granted: 2022-04-11
Abstract: FIELD: paleontology. 
     SUBSTANCE: invention relates to paleontology and is intended for long-term storage of paleontological objects with preserved soft tissues found frozen in conditions close to natural, in specially equipped cryostorage facilities. Cryostorage of mammoth fauna includes aboveground and underground parts. The aboveground part of the cryostorage of mammoth fauna, in turn, consists of the main building and a reflective canopy, the underground part consists of a pit and an air duct network. The main building is constructed of a multi-layer building material consisting of at least three layers, with the outer layers made of rigid material and a layer of thermal insulation material between them. The thickness of the insulating material is at least 2 meters. The reflective canopy is made of reflective material and completely covers the main building from the radiation source, while leaving an air buffer between itself and the main building to reduce heating and flow ventilation. Flow ventilation of the reflective canopy is provided due to the presence of unopened openings in its walls in the lower part. The main building is equipped with a sluice gate, which is a sluice system consisting of three doors, a lattice and two sluice vestibules. The sluice gates are located in both end parts of the main building and are located as a through passage. The leaves of all three sluice doors open and close independently of each other. All three doors of the sluice gates are made of durable material and insulated. The first, external, sluice vestibule of the sluice gate has a length of at least 4 meters and is equipped with a forced cooling device. The second, internal, sluice vestibule of the sluice gates has a length of at least 4 meters and is cooled by compressors for freezers. All vestibules of the sluice gates are equipped with external temperature sensors. Freezing compressors are installed in the main building and in the event that the temperature in the interior of the main building 1 rises above minus 18 degrees Celsius, they must generate cold in the main building using control devices and instrumentation. The dimensions of the main building along the outer perimeter range from 300 square meters or more. The inner space of the main building is designed in such a way that, if necessary, it can be divided into separate rooms using collapsible structures. The width of the corridor between these separate rooms must be at least 4 meters. Inside the main building, there are also sealed chambers where a neutral gaseous atmosphere from nitrogen can be created. The walls, ceiling and partially floors of the main building are lined with slabs of ice with the addition of table salt in the ratio of 10 parts of water to 3 parts of table salt, enclosed in shells made of bioinert material. The joints between the ice slabs are glazed with water and snow. When stable low temperatures of the outside air are established, for example minus 20 degrees Celsius and below, the sluice gates 3 are blocked only by gratings, and the doors remain open. The underground part of the cryostorage of mammoth fauna consists of a pit and an air duct network. The pit is at least 4 meters deep and protrudes 3 meters beyond the outer perimeter of the main building. The bottom and walls of the pit are covered with underground heat-insulating material, reinforced with aluminum walls. The thickness of the underground heat-insulating material is not less than 1 meter. The pit is equipped with vertical cold casing and horizontal cold pipes. Vertical cold casing and horizontal cold pipe are connected to form a single duct network. After the creation of the air duct network, the foundation pit is filled with soil, which has a high heat capacity and is capable of storing cold. Vertical cold rooms casing strings run along the perimeter of the air duct network and in the middle, have exits to the surface along the outer wall of the main building and into its internal rooms. Vertical cold wells are equipped with shut-off covers to ensure the sealing of the air duct network. The outer parts of the vertical cold casing strings are additionally equipped with a removable heat-insulating product to regulate the air temperature inside the air duct network. To increase the heat capacity of the soil under the cryostorage of mammoth fauna, ice plates inside the main building and the adjacent soil to it can be salted with edible salt. 
     EFFECT: use of the proposed technical solution will increase the efficiency of storing paleontological objects in their natural form in the form of frozen mummies throughout the year, eliminate or minimize the risk of violation of the rules and conditions for storing paleontological objects, expand the possibilities for many types of scientific research, ensure sanitary and epidemiological safety, and reduce energy costs of cryostorage for mammoth fauna and will increase its autonomy. 
     1 cl, 3 dwg