baber/WOPTO huggingface dataset:
Patent GB-341046-A (GB)
Title: Improvements in or relating to microphones
IPC: H04R1/38
Filed: 1929-10-09
Abstract: 341,046. Microphones. GRAHAM & CO., Ltd., A., STOTT, W., and MOODY, D., St. Andrew's Works, Slough. Oct. 9, 1929, No. 30627. [Class 40 (iv).] A microphone of the type in which vibrations due to extraneous sounds have access to both sides of the diaphragm, has its diaphragm centrally supported with its edge free and exposed on both sides at or near its free edge to extraneous noise. The area of the diaphragm exposed to extraneous noise is preferably substantially the same on both sides of the diaphragm. As shown, the microphone comprises back and front plates 10, 11 of insulating material held together by spacer studs 12 and screws 13. The front plate 11 carries a mouthpiece 14 provided with small outlet passages 36, speech &c. being delivered through the mouthpiece on to a. carbon &c. diaphragm 15 clamped centrally on to a terminal pillar 16 by nuts 19, 20. A number of shallow metal cups 22, each containing an electrode 28, soft felt liner 29 and carbon granules 30, are mounted on the back plate 10 and arranged in a circle near the periphery of the diaphragm. Each cup 22 is formed with a terminal spigot 23 which projects into an annular recess 24 in the rear face of plate 10, each spigot being clamped by a nut 26 to a connection strip 25 which extends all round the recess 24 and is connected to the terminal screw 27. A rubber collar 31 surrounds each cup 22 in order to prevent access of moisture to the carbon granules. The edges of the plates 10, 11 are connected by a perforated cylindrical wall 32 which surrounds the free edge of the diaphragm and permits extraneous noises to pass into the interior of the housing and impinge substantially equally and simultaneously upon the two sides of the diaphragm. A similar set of metal cups 33 carrying soft felt liners 34 and surrounded by soft rubber collars 35 are mounted on the rear face of plate 11 opposite the cups 22, the liners 29, 34 functioning to damp the diaphragm slightly. Thus the exposed areas on the two sides of the diaphragm are balanced, and, if desired, the cups 33 may also be filled with carbon granules and connected up differentially in known manner with cups 22 and diaphragm 15.
Patent GB-1151543-A (GB)
Title: Improvements in or relating to Electrical Signalling Systems
Inventor: WESTON MARTIN ANDREW
IPC: H04L27/26
Filed: 1966-07-08
Abstract: 1,151,543. Digital transmission systems. MINISTER OF TECHNOLOGY. 7 July, 1967 [8 July, 1966], No. 30745/66. Heading H4P. Digital data is transmitted by a code in which each of n unique characters is represented by a corresponding unique signal. If two successive characters are identical, a further unique signal is substituted for the signal which represents the second character. The signals are transmitted serially and each lasts one character period. In one embodiment each of a series of input 5-bit characters selects a corresponding frequency (total of 32). The resulting succession of frequencies is passed to a switch. A comparator, fed both direct and via a one-character delay with the input characters, controls the switch such that normally the succession of frequencies passes to the transmission channel. If the comparator detects identity between successive characters the succession is interrupted by the switch and a 33rd frequency replaces that frequency which represents the second of the identical characters. There is thus a frequency change at each character interval. At the receiver 33 filters separate the signals to 33 channels which feed a selection unit. This selects the signal of maximum strength in each character period to prevent errors resulting from possible overlap of signals from adjacent periods. The 33 output leads from the selection unit are connected back to the filters such that when a frequency has been detected the corresponding filter is inhibited for one character period. The leads are also connected to the remainder of the receiver. Those corresponding to the 32 frequencies feed a decoder which generates 5-bit characters and that corresponding to the 33rd frequency controls a switch. The switch is fed, both direct and via a onecharacter delay, by the 5-bit characters. Normally the decoder output is passed direct to the receiver output but when the 33rd frequency is detected the switch is reversed and the delayed signal, which is the same as the character just passed to the output, is passed to the output, thus reconstituting the original train of characters. In a modification the delay and comparator at the transmitter are fed by the 32 frequency channels. The receiver may be modified similarly. A 34th frequency may be used for the third character in groups of three identical characters.
Patent GB-239416-A (GB)
Title: Improvements in or relating to garters
IPC: A41F11/16
Filed: 1924-12-23
Abstract: 239,416. Faire, J. E. Dec. 23, 1924. Garters.-A garter for wear with knicker bockers, for example for golf, comprises an elastic leg-encircling part 1 and two depending portions 8, 9 provided with fringes or tassels 8<a>, 9<a> and adapted to show outside the wearer's leg. The part 1 has at one end a pad between the plies 2, 3 of which the portions 8, 9 are secured by stitching 4 and which carries a stud 7 adapted to engage a loop 6 on the other end of the garter, which also has an adjusting slide 5.
Patent GB-1373296-A (GB)
Title: Process for preparing chlorinated hydrocarbons
IPC: C07C17/15
Filed: 1972-06-30
Abstract: 1373296 Oxychlorination catalysts SUMITOMO CHEMICAL CO Ltd 30 June 1972 [30 June 1971 20 Sept 1971 30 Sept 1971] 30860/72 Heading B1E [Also in Division C2] A molten salt catalyst comprises 95-50 mole % Cu chloride or a mixture of Cu chloride and an alkali metal or alkaline earth metal chloride, and 5-50 mole % of one or more of Fe, Mn, Cr, Ni, Pd, and rare earth chlorides. The Cu chloride is preferably a mixture of CuCl and CuCl 2 . The alkali metal may be Na, K or Li; the alkaline earth metal, Mg; and the rare earth metal, La, Ce, Pr or Nd. Exemplified catalysts contain the following chlorides: Cu+K+(Fe, Mn, Cr, Ni, Nd, Fe+Ni, Fe+Pd, Fe+Nd, Mn+Ni, Mn+Pd, Cr+Pd); Cu+Mg+Fe; Cu+Pd.
Patent GB-1311716-A (GB)
Title: Process for electrolytically colouring an anodically oxidized aluminium or aluminium alloy article
IPC: C25D11/22
Filed: 1970-06-25
Abstract: 1311716 Electrolytically colouring anodized Al or Al alloy O C GEDDE 25 June 1970 [25 June 1969] 30890/70 Heading C7B An Al or Al alloy article having an aluminium oxide layer formed thereon by anodic oxidation (e.g. in H 2 SO 4 ), is electronically coloured by passing an alternating current between the article and a counter electrode in an acid aqueous solution of a stannous salt as electrolyte to deposit a coloured tin compound in the aluminium oxide layer, the aqueous solution not containing any salt of a metal other than tin in a concentration such that a coloured compound of the metal is deposited. The counter electrode may be of Sn, stainless steel, Ti or Al. The acid may be HCl or H 2 SO 4  and the tin salt SnCl 2  or SnSO 4 . Other specified compounds which may be added to the bath are a phenolic and/or sulphonic acid (e. g. phenolsulphonic acid), tartaric acid or ammonium tartrate, H 3  BO 3 , and an aromatic carboxylic acid (e. g. sulphophalic acid). Possible conditions are 0À5 to 20 per cent by weight of stannous salts in the solution, a pH of 1À5, an A.C. frequency of 10 to 500 cycles per sec, a voltage of 2 to 50v and a current density of 0À2 A/dm<SP>2</SP> or higher when the bath contains H 2 SO 4 , it may be renewed by adding Al 2  (SO 4 ) 3  thereto. The coloured coatings may be sealed. Specification 1022927 is referred to.
Patent GB-387437-A (GB)
Title: Process of manufacture of thin solid films, insulating and having a high dielectric strength
IPC: H01G9/02
Filed: 1931-11-09
Abstract: 387,437. Electrolytic formation of insulating-films on metals electric condensers ; electric rectifiers ; insulating wires. SAMUEL, A. A., 3, Rue Nobel, Paris. Nov. 9, 1931, No. 31047. Convention date, Nov. 8, 1930. [Classes 36, 37, and 41.] An insulating-film is formed on aluminium, magnesium, tantalum, or an alloy of these metals by anodic treatment in a bath comprising a compound of very weak acid and a very weak base ; the anion and the cathion should be little affected by the current. The acid may be boric acid, a di-alkali phosphate, an acid phthalate, certain phenols, certain organic acids or gelatine. The base may be an alcohol, amines little dissociated, very weak cyclic or heterocyclic bases, diethylene glycol or ethanolamines. The electrolyte should preferably be used in as dehydrated a state as possible, e.g. in a molten or pasty condition or diluted in an inert 'solvent, such as hydrocarbons, ethers or alcohol, having little effect on the dissociation or the PH value. Small quantities of colloids may be added to the bath. The voltage is progressively increased using a current density of say, 0À1 amps per sq. dcm. Alternating current may be used after a certain voltage has been reached or from the beginning. The layer is stated to be reformed after rupture by a spark. The layer may be covered with paper impregnated with electrolyte to promote regeneration if broken down. Examples of suitable electrolytes are (i) boric acid 1 part, triethanolamine 1 part operated in a molten state, (ii) boric acid 1 part, triethanolamine 1 part, water 1 part, operated at temperature of 0-15‹ C., (iii) colophane 3 parts, triethanolamine 1 part operated at 70-80‹ C. The invention is applicable to the production of electric condensers, dry rectifiers, and insulated wires.
Patent GB-1118192-A (GB)
Title: Improvements in or relating to the manufacture of electric resistance elements
IPC: H01C17/065
Filed: 1965-07-21
Abstract: The electrical resistance element of the parent patent is modified so that only a part of the surface has a semi-conducting surface layer, consisting of one or more semi-conducting metal oxides, by forming two separate glass batches, only one of which contains the metal and/or metal oxide, pouring the glass batches successively into a mould and devitrifying the moulded glasses. The glass ceramic consisting of, in weight percentages, SiO2, 47.4; Al2O3 34.1; Li2O 10.1; TiO2 4.2; B2O3 4.2 is used for the one batch and the same glass ceramic with the addition of Cu2O 1.5 \s4 Sn 1.5, based on the total weight of the other constituents, is used for the part to become semi-conducting.
Patent GB-751705-A (GB)
Title: Improvements in or relating to a hydraulic tappet for an internal combustion engine valve gear
IPC: F01L1/245
Filed: 1954-10-28
Abstract: 751,705. Valve gear. EATON MANUFACTURING CO. Oct. 28, 1954 [Nov. 12, 1953], No. 31130/54. Class 7(6) In a hydraulic tappet, having a non- return valve 20 closing the inlet leading to the pressure space between a plunger 14 and cylinder 11, a spring 24 loading the valve 20 is integral with and formed out of one wall of the valve cage 22. The cage 22 is formed as a hollow sheet metal cylinder. surrounding the reduced end 15 of the plunger 14 and the spring 24 is formed as a spiral plate spring cut out of the end wall 23 of the valve cage, the downward movement of the valve 20 being limited by lugs 23a on the end wall 23. The plunger 14 is formed with a hydraulic fluid reservoir 16.
Patent GB-397094-A (GB)
Title: Improvements in coke ovens
IPC: C10B5/02
Filed: 1931-11-10
Abstract: 397,094. Coke ovens. NAAMLOOZE VENNOOTSCHAP VOOR KERAMISCHE EN CHEMISCHE INDUSTRIE KEROCHEMICA, 452, Heerengracht, Amsterdam. -(Assignees of Koppers Akt.-Ges., H.; 29, Moltkestrasse, Essen, Germany.) Nov. 10, 1931, No. 31173. Convention date, Nov. 10, 1930. Void [Published under Sect. 91 of the Acts]. [Class 51 (ii).] In a "twin" flue coke oven in which the upflow and down-flow flues 15, 16 are connected at their lower ends for the recirculation of a portion of the outflowing gases, the upper openings 25 and the lower openings 29 between each pair of flues are both controlled so that a correct circulation can be maintained under all conditions. The upper control is constructed so that the passage cannot be reduced beyond a predetermined size, and the size of the lower opening is always less than and preferably not more than three-fifths of the size of the upper opening. The oven illustrated has transverse regenerators arranged in pairs and adapted for use with lean or strong gas as desired.
Patent GB-647967-A (GB)
Title: An improved windscreen wiper
IPC: B60S1/34
Filed: 1947-11-26
Abstract: 647,967. Windscreen-cleaners; squeegees. DUNLOP RUBBER CO.. Ltd. and TREVASKIS, H. W. Nov. 26, 1947, No. 31256. [Classes 19 and 138(i)] A windscreen-wiper comprises an actuating spindle, two arms pivotally connected so as to be movable in the same plane and movable simultaneously by the spindle, and a resiliently extensible blade attached to the extremities of the arms, the pivoted connection lying between the parallel planes normal to the blade in its untensioned state and passing through its ends. An oscillating type windscreen-wiper, Fig. 1, comprises an actuating motor 4, a driving spindle 1, a member 5 clamped to the spindle by a bolt 6, an arm 8 fixed at its lower end in a slot 7 in the member 5 and secured therein by a screw 9 and an eyebolt 10, and a movable arm 11 pivoted to the upper end of the fixed arm 8. The arms 8 and 11 and the axis of the spindle 1 are all in one plane. A wiper blade consisting of a rubber sleeve 12 enclosing a helical spring 13, Fig. 3, which blade is provided with end hooks, is connected under tension to the free end of the arm 11 and the eyebolt 10, so that the blade conforms to the contour of a curved windscreen 3. The wiper blade may comprise a rubber member (the Provisional Specification states that it is solid rubber) having a metal attachment at each end for connection to the spindle and the movable arm. A rubber roller or pad may be fitted to the free end of the movable arm to ensure that the end of the arm does not rub against the screen. In another embodiment the wiper is of the reciprocating type. As shown in Fig. 5, a wiper blade 17 is connected under tension to the ends of two arms 11 which are pivoted to the ends of a plate 15 mounted on the end of a reciprocating spindle 16. The axis of the spindle is at right angles to the plane containing the arms and plate. The wipers described may be used for cleaning flat windscreens.
Patent GB-1454580-A (GB)
Title: Profile extrusion process
IPC: B29C48/90
Filed: 1974-07-15
Abstract: 1454580 Moulding foamed products with skin COSDEN TECHNOLOGY Inc 15 July 1974 [17 July 1973] 31297/74 Heading B5A [Also in Division C3] Profiled products are made by extruding an expandable styrene polymer composition, containing as blowing agent 0À1 to 4 parts by wt. of an alkali metal carbonate or bicarbonate and 0À1 to 1À0 parts by wt. of a carboxylic acid per 100 parts by wt. of the styrene polymer, through a die orifice having the desired profile in the unexpanded state and then passing the extrudate through a sizing die having the desired profile and cross-section wherein the extrudate expands to produce a product having an unfoamed outer layer and a foamed interior. The expandable composition may consist of polystyrene or impact polystyrene i.e. a graft styrene/rubbery polymer with sodium bicarbonate and citric acid. The above products may be made in an apparatus (Fig. 1) consisting of an extruder 10 with feed 12, barrel 14 wherein the polymer is made molten and mixed with the blowing agent, and die 16 from which the unexpanded composition is forced into a vacuum fixture 20 consisting of a sizing die 22, with a profile shape the same as that of die 16, but of larger crosssection, the area around die 22 being under vacuum, and cooling chamber 26 from which the foamed polymer, having unfoamed surfaces is drawn by unit 30.
Patent GB-421081-A (GB)
Title: Improvements relating to gas meters
IPC: G01F3/22
Filed: 1933-11-10
Abstract: 421,081. Gas meters. GOEDECKE, C. E. J., The Hives, Mosley Road, Trafford Park, Manchester. Nov. 10, 1933, No. 31352. Convention date, Nov. 18, 1932. [Class 54] In a gas meter of the type in which the two flag-arms 41, 42, Fig. 1, are connected by links 39, 40 to separate crank-pins on a shaft 34 lying above the plane of movement of the slide valves, the crank pins are connected by links 37, 38 to double-armed levers 29, 30 which operate the slide valves 23, 24 through links 27, 28 moving substantially horizontally throughout their traverse. The arms of the levers 29, 30 are so proportioned that the gas valve movements will be slightly advanced relatively to the movable measuring members so that inaccurate measurement due to varying rates of gas consumption may be avoided as described in Specification 394,794. In another construction shown in Fig. 2, the flag-arms carry bell-crank levers 57, 58, each having one arm connected to a crank pin on the shaft 34 while the other arm is connected directly by a link 52 or indirectly through a reversing lever 62 and a link 63 to the valves 23, 24. The links 52, 53 remain substantially horizontal during the operation of the valves.
Patent GB-313819-A (GB)
Abstract: 313,819. Evans, W. Sept. 8, 1928. Clips, lever.-In a buckle comprising a main lever plate a, upturned and serrated at one end e and formed with lugs b at the other end to carry a lever c, and a front plate g hinged at f by means of its flanges h, the flanges are cut away at the part which lies opposite the lugs b.
Patent GB-281308-A (GB)
Title: Improvements in or relating to telephone systems
IPC: H04Q3/42
Filed: 1927-03-21
Abstract: 281,308. Associated Telephone & Telegraph Co., (Assignees of Richardson, R. G.). April 8, 1926, [Convention date]. Automatic exchange systems. - Trunks TC, adapted to be taken into use at any position in a connection set up over automatic switches, are associated over hunting switches RSS with register controllers, or the like, and a trunk is only available for use if it is associated with an idle register-controller. A chain circuit controlled by a group of trunks TC is so arranged that the switches RSS hunt when only two trunks .are available, and stop hunting when four are available. In the modification shown, the trunks TC are arranged to be seized over second selectors, as in the Specification 269,152, when setting up connections to private branch exchanges. Detailed operation. When the trunk TC is seized, earth is immediately put on conductor 3 to busy the trunk, and the associated controller over wiper 39 of the switch RSS. Line and release relays 11, 12 operate, and also relay 13, armature 18 opening before armature 21 closes to keep open the circuit of magnet 35. Relay 30 now operates to earth on conductor 3 to connect up the register controller, and the line switch RLS is operated by a loop on conductors 41<1>, 42<1>, to seize an idle selector S. The remaining impulses are repeated at armature 16 over wiper 40 to the controller, which sends out three translated digits over wipers 37, 38 to operate the selector S and a rotary connector RC. Earth is then connected to conductor 44<1> to energize switching relay 14, relays 11, 12 de-energizing. Operation of switches RSS. If a trunk TC or its associated controller is busy, the conductor 3 is earthed from the connector RC or over wiper 39, and in either case the trunk cannot be seized and relay 13 is operated. The operation of this relay prepares the circuit of magnet 35 and shorts the resistance in the chain circuit 7. If in the group of trunks, all the resistances except two are shorted, the relay 5 operates to put battery on the common conductor 8 and all the switches RSS of idle trunks associated with busy controllers hunt until two more have found idle controllers, when the relay 5 de-energizes and hunting ceases.
Patent GB-193512-A (GB)
Title: Improvements in or relating to the welding of cast iron
IPC: B23K9/23
Filed: 1921-11-26
Abstract: 193,512. Britten, W. R. J., and District Chemical Co., Ltd. Nov. 26, 1921. Alloys.-A cast-iron filling-rod or wire for use in welding cast iron contains a small quantity of titanium, preferably not exceeding 0.7 per cent.
Patent GB-1000264-A (GB)
Title: Process for use in the production of a semi-conductor device
IPC: H01L23/29
Filed: 1962-08-17
Abstract: <PICT:1000264/C6-C7/1> A protective layer is formed on the surface of a semi-conductor body including a PN junction by an anodic treatment in an electrolyte produced by boiling a mixture of boric acid, glycol and aqueous ammonia.  In the embodiment a rectifier element consisting of a molybdenum carrier plate 2 connected by aluminium alloy 3 to a silicon wafer 4 having an alloyed-in electrode 5 of a gold antimony eutectic, is placed on a gold base plate 6 and within a hollow insulating cylinder 7, e.g. of P.T.F.E., with the electrode 5 lying within a further metallic cylinder 8 supported by distance pieces 9 of plastics material and covered by a heap of fused cane sugar 10 or a wafer of plastics material.  The rectifier and sugar are then immersed in electrolyte and electrical connections made as in the Figure. Operational details for producing the required oxide film are given.  The semi-conductor surface may be acid etched prior to the anodic treatment.
Patent GB-1211249-A (GB)
Title: The operation of pressure-vessel nuclear reactor installations
IPC: G21C15/18
Filed: 1968-07-03
Abstract: 1,211,249. Cooling reactors. SIEMENS A.G. 3 July, 1968 [4 July, 1967], No. 31834/68. Heading G6C. In a pressurized heavy water cooled and moderated nuclear reactor, fuel elements may be charged under direct visual observation, after the heavy water has been replaced by light water and the pressure vessel cover removed. Initially, after the reactor has been shut down a coolant gas is urged by the blower 8 into the core 2, while the heavy water is drained from the vessel through valves 37, 38. Heavy water entrained in the gas is separated by the coarse and fine filters 4, 6. As the water level falls the rate of gas flow rises and the after-heat is removed by the gas and the foam developed in the water. When the reactor interior is dry, light water is admitted for further heat absorption and the gas circulation is stopped, the cover 23 is removed and the chamber above the core is filled with light water which serves as a shield. A soluble neutron poison may be added to the water. Following the fuel element charge the light water is replaced by heavy water with the intermediate stage of gas cooling and drying to prevent the dilution of the heavy water.
Patent GB-691461-A (GB)
Title: Procedure for biological production of organic substances for medical or technical employment
Filed: 1947-12-02
Abstract: In the production of penicillin or streptomycin by the growth of micro-organisms in a substrate containing the necessary quantities of suitable salts and carbon sources, there is added to the substrate pancreatin or decomposition products obtained therefrom by the action of mineral, animal, vegetable or microbial products having a protein decomposing effect, especially a product obtained by treating pancreatin with pepsin at a pH below 7 or with trypsin at a pH above 7 or both successively.  The added material may be sterilized (e.g. by filtration or heating) before it is added to part or the whole of the remainder of the substrate, or may be sterilized together with part or the whole of the remainder of the substrate.  Examples describe the use of the product of decomposition of pancreatin by pepsin at pH 2 and then by trypsin at pH 7.5 in a substrate for the production of (1) penicillin and (2) streptomycin.  The Specification as open to inspection under Sect. 91 comprises also the use of culture media containing glands carrying parts of, and/or with appendages to, animal digestive canals (e.g. pancreas or great or small intestine) or preparations obtained therefrom by grinding, defatting and desiccating, and, if desired, by decomposition as in the case of pancreatin, and the use of both types of culture media in other fermentations, e.g. for the production of technically useful substances such as pektolase, amylase or organic acids.  This subject-matter does not appear in the Specification as accepted.