baber/WOPTO huggingface dataset:
Patent GB-1150623-A (GB)
Title: Improvements in and relating to a method and apparatus for the production of Grey-Tone Laminar Printing Forme
IPC: H04N1/40
Filed: 1966-05-11
Abstract: 1,150,623. Copying by scanning. ZEUTHEN & AAGAARD A.S. 11 May, 1966 [13 May, 1965], No. 20836/66. Heading H4F. In the production of a laminar printing forme an original is scanned along a succession of lines to generate electric signals representative of the variations of grey values along the lines, whilst a laminar forme blank is scanned synchronously with a perforating device to which the signals are applied to cause perforation when the grey values of the original exceed a given amount, means being employed throughout the scanning recurrently to effect a continuous variation of the grey values at which perforation takes place. In Fig. 2, the original image is scanned by a photo-multiplier 7 and the resulting signal is applied through a threshold level device 81 to trigger a circuit 82a, 82b whereby an A.C. voltage from source 6 is applied via an amplifier 12 to operate an electric perforating element to make a reproduction of the image. The arrangement is characterized by the provision of a circuit including capacitor 21 and unijunction transistor 22 for generating a sawtooth signal which is added to the signal from the photomultiplier so as to cause cyclic variation in the grey level represented by the photo-multiplier signal at which the threshold level is exceeded. The sawtooth circuit is synchronized with the voltage from source 6 by the connection via capacitor 26. The arrangement is such that the frequency of the A.C. voltage is higher, preferably 3 to 5 times higher, than the sawtooth. The lower level of the sawtooth signal is fixed by diode 33 and the signal is applied through diode 28 to a circuit including Zener diode 32 which functions to cause the slope of the sawtooth to be reduced at each extremity. A non- linear load is provided for the photo-multiplier by a chain of silicon diodes 20, whereby the relationship between signal and light intensity is logarithmic. The reference potential, from which the signal variations applied to the threshold device 81 take place, is adjusted by resistor 34. A temperature responsive resistor 36 disposed in the vicinity of diodes 20 compensates for the thermal drift of the diodes.
Patent GB-1306132-A (GB)
IPC: B65D5/465
Filed: 1970-04-30
Abstract: 1306132 Cartons with handles PHILIPS ELECTRONIC & ASSOCIATED INDUSTRIES Ltd 30 April 1970 [3 May 1969] 20867/70 Heading B8P  A carton includes an integral handle formed by two apertured lugs 1 and 3 cut from a side wall 9 of the carton and folded against each other. The bases about which the lugs 1 and 3 are hingedly connected to the side wall 9 are displaced relative to each other in their longitudinal direction. The lugs may be secured together by gluing or riveting.
Patent GB-1244309-A (GB)
Title: Electrodeposition of ruthenium
Inventor: REDDY GADHIREDDY SATYANARAYAN
IPC: C01G55/00
Filed: 1967-10-18
Abstract: 1,244,309. Ruthenium complexes. INTERNATIONAL NICKEL Ltd. 3 Sept., 1968 [18 Oct., 1967; 12 Dec., 1967; 2 May, 1968], Nos. 47477/67, 56428/67 and 20908/68. Heading C1A. [Also in Division C7] Complex ruthenium compounds comprising the anion [Ru 2 N(H 2 O) 2 Y 5 ]<SP>3-</SP>, where each Y is Cl or Br, are produced by heating an aqueous solution containing ruthenium (IV) chloride with sulphamic acid, and, if desired, converting the chloro complex produced to the bromo compounds, and the ammonium complex formed to another metal complex by ion exchange (e.g. the cation may also be H<SP>+</SP>, Na<SP>+</SP> or K<SP>+</SP>). The bromo compounds are claimed per se. Preferably, 4 to 9 moles of sulphamic acid are used per gram atom of ruthenium, and, after the reaction, preferably at least 3 ml. of cone. (35À4%) HCl is added to the solution for each gram of ruthenium present. The chloro compounds may be converted to the bromo compounds by refluxing with HBr.
Patent GB-229588-A (GB)
Title: Improvements in centrifugal extractors
IPC: D06F49/06
Filed: 1924-09-04
Abstract: 229,588. British-American Laundry Machinery Co., Ltd., (American Laundry Machinery Co.). Sept. 4, 1924. Driving; suspending.-An over-driven extractor has a stationary curb 1 with a column 3 to which is attached an arm 4; this carries a socket 5 for the ball 6 of a bearing sleeve 7 for the rotor 8 of the electric motor. The spindle 11 of the basket 10 is connected to the motor shaft by a coupling 12. The stator 13 of the motor is sumpported from the rotor by radial and thrust bearings 14, 15 and is held against rotation by an arm 16 with bifurcated ends held under straps on the column 3, so that they can slip vertically. The lower end of the spindle 11 has a ball member 21 resting in a spherical socket 20 in a member 19 which rests on a spherical surface 2 with a radius less than the distance from the plate 2 to the centre of the ball and socket joint 5, 6. With an unbalanced load the basket and spindle ride up the surface 2 and gravity assists to restore the basket to the normal position.
Patent GB-1141618-A (GB)
Title: Improvements in and relating to self-lubricating coatings on metal surfaces
IPC: F16C33/12
Filed: 1966-05-11
Abstract: 1,141,618. Coated metal surfaces. RECHERCES ETUDES PRODUCTION. 11 May, 1966 [11 May, 1965]. No. 20922/66. Heading B2K. Metal surfaces are coated with a composition comprising an epoxy resin and a solid lubricating filler, e.g. polytetrafluoroethylene, MoS 2 , WS 2  or graphite. After hardening the coating at ambient temperature it is machined to a desired thickness to give a self-lubricating surface.
Patent GB-790009-A (GB)
Title: Submersible impeller pump
Inventor: ANDERSON HAROLD HENRY
IPC: F04D13/06
Filed: 1955-07-19
Abstract: 790,009. Centrifugal pumps. HARLAND ENGINEERING CO., Ltd. July 6, 1956 [July 19, 1955; Nov. 16, 1955], Nos. 20939/55 and 32836/55. Class 110 (1). In a pump adapted for use in totally sealed boiler or other circulating systems with the motor and pump impeller mounted vertically one above the other, the shaft is allowed a limited axial movement, and the impeller and the pump housing have radial abutment faces, the space between. which is in communication with an annular passage which itself is in communication with the impeller delivery, a radial gap being provided between a lower part of the impeller and housing and communicating with the delivery, whereby the pump is self-balancing. In the pump shown in Fig. 1, the shaft rests on a thrust bearing 8 until, at part speed, it is lifted clear by the delivery pressure acting on the back 15 of the impeller through a radial gap 16. The upward movement brings an abutment face 9 on the impeller close to an abutment face 10 on the casing, thereby reducing the flow of liquid from the delivery through a constriction 13 and an annular space 12 to the inlet 11. This increases the liquid pressure on the impeller face 9, and a position of equilibrium is reached between this downward pressure and the upward pressure on the back 15, together with gravity forces, with the impeller running on a film of liquid between the faces 9 and 10. Balance holes 17 are provided. The driving motor 25 and the shaft bearings are exposed to the liquid, which lubricates the bearings, through leakage holes 22, 24. Turbulences caused by the moving parts produce circulations as indicated by arrows. In a modification, in which the impeller is inverted and mounted below the motor, the abutment faces and the adjacent annular space are at the back of the impeller and the radial gap corresponding to the gap 16 is at the front of the impeller. The thrust bearing is at the top of the shaft.
Patent GB-401444-A (GB)
Title: Improvements in and relating to a method of effecting a heat conductive joint between the tyre and rim of wheels and the performance of this method in the production of wheels for railway vehicles
IPC: B21J19/02
Filed: 1932-07-25
Abstract: 401,444. Soldering and brazing. MEURER, L., 45, Auf dem Berlich, Cologne, Germany. July 25, 1932, No. 20984. Convention date, July 23, 1931. [Classes 83 (ii) and 83 (iv).] Making wheels.-In a method of effecting a heat-conductive joint between the tyre and rim of a railway-vehicle wheel, the tyre and rim are heated in a reducing atmosphere and a metal alloyable therewith is introduced between the surfaces of contact whilst the reducing atmosphere is maintained. The metal may be copper, nickel or alloys thereof and the brazing is preferably effected after the tyre has been shrunk on the rim. A number of wheels 7 with the tyres 6 shrunk thereon are placed in a heat-insulated chamber 1 which is made fluidtight by a lid 3 and to which reducing gas is introduced by a pipe 11, the excluded air passing through a pipe 12. The alloying metal in the form of a wire 8, Fig. 2, is placed in an annular groove 9 turned at the base of the groove 5 for a spring retaining ring 4, or otherwise formed adjacent the joint 14, and the work is heated by electric heating coils 13 arranged concentrically round the wheels. The brazing may be effected immediately after shrinking in order to utilise the shrinking heat for assisting the coils 13, and the shrinking may be effected in the chamber 1, a pressure abutment 10 being then provided.
Patent GB-180939-A (GB)
Title: Improvements relating to tyres for vehicle wheels
IPC: B60C7/12
Filed: 1921-08-08
Abstract: 180,939. Brunswick, E. Aug. 8, 1921. Non-metallic elastic bodies and cores; air tubes and chambers; tyre attachments to rims. - A cushion tyre a formed with spaced partitions a<1>, which may extend to the wheel rim, is reinforced at the edges a<2> by helical wire cores b encased in embedded fabric b<1>. An auxiliary cushion ring d, Fig. 4, which may be solid or hollow (in the latter case, inflated or otherwise) may be fitted over the tyre edges as shown. In a modification, a security-ring is fitted between the tyre edges. Fig. 6 shows a further means for securing the tyre to the rim, in which the beaded edges bare clamped between the rim-flanges c<1> and segmental plates f. The plates f are adjusted laterally by radially-adjustable conical-headed bolts e.
Patent GB-1430932-A (GB)
Title: 21-fluoro-pregnanes
IPC: A61K/
Filed: 1972-05-05
Abstract: 1430932 21-Fluoro-pregnane compounds GLAXO LABORATORIES Ltd 4 May 1973 [5 May 1972] 21144/72 Heading C2U Novel steroids of the pregnane or 19-norpregnane series possess a 5α-hydrogen atom or a 4,5-double bond, a 3α-OH group, a 17α-hydrogen atom, a 20-oxo group and a 21-fluorine atom. They may also possess other substituents and/or double bonds, e.g. a 2#-ethoxy group and an 11- keto group. They are prepared by reacting corresponding steroids possessing a readily eliminatable substituent at the 21-position, e.g. an iodine atom, with a source of fluoride ions, or by stereospecific reduction of corresponding 5α-H- 3-keto steroids. Substituents and double bonds may be introduced into the starting materials or final products by known processes. A 2# - bromo - 3α - hydroxy - 21 - unsubstituted steroid may be converted to a #<SP>1</SP>-2-unsubstituted - 3α - hydroxy - 21 - bromo steroid by bromination in the 21-position followed, with or without keto protection, by dehydrobromination in the 1,2-position. 3α - Hydroxy - 21 - iodo - 5α - pregnane- 11,20 - dione is prepared from the corresponding 21-bromo compound and sodium iodide. 21- Fluoro - 5α - pregnane - 3,11,20 - trione is perpared by oxidizing 21-bromo-3α-hydroxy-5α pregnane - 11,20 - dione to 21 - bromo- 5α- pregnane - 3,11,20 - trione, converting this to the corresponding 21-iodo compound and reacting this with silver fluoride. 21-Bromo-2#- ethoxy - 3α - hydroxy - 5α - pregnane - 11,20- dione is prepared by bromination of 2#-ethoxy- 3α - hydroxy - 5α - pregnane - 11,20 - dione, in turn prepared by reacting 2α-3α-epoxy-5α- pregnane-11,20-dione with ethanol in the presence of conc. H 2 SO 4 . The novel steroids are stated to be anaesthetics and they may be made up into anaesthetic compositions with suitable carriers. Particularly preferred are aqueous solutions containing non-ionic surface active agents, for parenteral use.
Patent GB-397659-A (GB)
Title: An improved winding apparatus for metals in ribbon-like form
IPC: D06P3/64
Filed: 1932-07-27
Abstract: 397,659. Winding. KRUPP GRUSONWERK AKT.-GES., F., Buckau, Magdeburg, Germany. July 27, 1932, No. 21214. Convention date, Sept. 26, 1931. [Class 83 (iv).] In winding-apparatus for metals in ribbonlike form having a doffing ring 41 for the wound package, the means for operating the ring 41 is mechanically connected with means for altering the diameter of the winding drum 1, Fig. 1, and also with means for removing the outer bearing 4 which normally supports the free end of the shaft 2. The drum 1, supported on the shaft 2, comprises side segments 6, 7 hinged to a centre segment 8, Fig. 5, the closing piece 9 resting on a wedge 10 and being urged inwardly by springs 13, springs 14 also tending to draw the segments 6, 7 together. A projection 15 on the wedge 10 engages a cavity 16 in the rod 17 located in the bore 3 of the shaft 2 while a bush 18 and sleeve 18<111> coupled to the shaft 2 and rod 17 are connected to the piston rod 31 which carries the ring 41 by a lever 24 pivoted at 25 on a slider 26. The axle 25 is connected by levers 34, 36 and draw-rods 37 to the bearing block 4. Spring- pressed fixing pins 44, Fig. 2, engage the ends of the axle 25 in the position shown in Figs. 1 and 3. When the package W is completed the piston 31 is moved to the left, Fig. 1, the lever 24 being rotated about the axle 25 and the wedge 10 moved to the right ; the surface of the winding drum thus being reduced. The wedge 10 is brought to rest against the endplate 39 and further movement of the piston causes the system to pivot about the pins 21 of the bush 18, the slider 26 being forced clear of the pins 44, the bearing-block 4 being rotated downwardly about the pivot 5 and the package W pushed off the drum by the ring 41, Fig. 4. The piston 31 may be operated pneumatically, hydraulically or electrically.
Patent GB-840145-A (GB)
Title: Improvements in pistons for internal combustion engines
IPC: F02F3/00
Filed: 1958-07-02
Abstract: 840,145. Pistons. GOTAVERKEN A.B. July 2, 1958 [Oct. 10, 1957], No. 21223/58. Class 122 (1).  An internal-combustion engine piston comprising a body 1 and a crown 2 forming the piston top and part of the piston wall is cooled by liquid circulated through a first chamber immediately below the piston top and a second chamber 17, of greater volume than the first, in the body. The crown is supported on the body by co-operating ridges 7, 8 that divide the first chamber into an inner chamber 9 and an outer chamber 10. Cooling liquid is supplied through a hollow piston-rod 6 and a tube 15 to the chamber 9 whence it passes through grooves 16 in the ridges 7, 8 to the outer chamber 10 and is returned via pipes 18, cooling chamber 17, tube 19 and a tube 14 in the rod. The crown closely surrounds a part 11 of the body and is sealed thereto by rings 12. A ring carrier 3 is connected to the crown and both are connected to the body by bolts 13.
Patent GB-688121-A (GB)
Title: Improvements relating to cathode ray tubes
IPC: H01J29/87
Filed: 1949-08-15
Abstract: 688,121. Cathode-ray tubes. BRITISH THOMSON-HOUSTON CO., Ltd., DAVIES, L J., and SCOTT, W. J. Oct. 26, 1950 [Aug. 15, 1949], No. 21227/49. Class 39(i) [Also in Group XXXVI] In a cathode-ray tube the end wall comprises a dome-shaped glass disc of substantially uniform thickness and curvature and a metal ring of such cross-sectional area and having a thermal expansion characteristic so adjusted with respect to that of the glass disc sealed by fusion thereto that when the composite glass-metal end wall has attained an ambient temperature after the sealing process the glass is not subjected to potentially harmful tensile stress, there being sealed to the ring and/or the glass a glass body which forms substantially the whole of the remainder of the envelope, or a glass body which forms a part of the remainder of the envelope and is sealed to a metal body portion forming the major part of the remainder. As shown in Fig. 1 the end wall of a cathode-ray tube consists of a convex glass disc 1 sealed at its rim to a metal ring 2 circular in cross-section, the ring being sealed to a glass body portion 3. The ring may be rectangular in cross-section and formed into a frusto-conical member or annulus Fig. 2 and 3 (not shown) and the disc 1 and body portion 3 of the envelope may mingle where they are fused into the ring, Fig. 4 and 5 (not shown). In Fig. 6 the ring is Z-shaped, the outer and upper flange of the ring retaining the rim of the disc 1 in position, while the downwardly projecting inner flange retains the inner edge of the body portion 3 in position. The glass body portion may be sealed to the glass disc inside the joint which the disc makes with the ring through an intermediate deposit of glass having a lower softening temperature, Fig. 7 (not shown). In Fig. 8 the main body portion 3 is of metal having a thermal expansion characteristic matched to that of the intermediate sealing glass 4. Specifications 462,600, 572,020, [Group XXXVI], 592,038, [Group XXIII], 634,657, 642,668 [both in Group XXXVI], and 6976/48 (as open to public inspection under Sect. 91) are referred to.
Patent GB-976796-A (GB)
Title: Fuel cells
IPC: H01M8/08
Filed: 1963-05-28
Abstract: 976,796. Fuel cells. ESSO RESEARCH & ENGINEERING CO. May 28, 1963 [Oct. 29, 1962], No. 21328/63. Heading H1B. A fuel cell comprises metal screen electrodes in juxtaposition with or in contact with one or more interposed ion-permeable and/or ion exchange membranes, and the mesh diameters of the electrodes are from 0.001 to 0.050 inch, the depth of the electrodes is from 0.001 to 0.010 inch, the ratio of actual surface area to apparent surface area of the electrodes is from 0.50 to 2.0, and the pore diameters of the membranes are from 5 Š to 50 Š. When not in contact with the interposed membrane, each electrode is spaced from 0.001 to 1.0 mm. therefrom. The membrane porosity is from 10 to 80%. The electrodes are of 52 x 80 mesh platinum with platinum black deposited thereon as catalyst. With nitric acid in the catholyte compartment and sulphuric acid in the anolyte compartment, methanol was fed in as fuel. Apart from hydrogen and carbon monoxide, other carbonaceous fuels soluble in the electrolyte may be used, e.g. alcohols, glycols, C 2 -C 5  monoolefins, diolefins. Oxidants used include soluble fluids such as chlorine, oxygen, air and nitric acid. Several anion-exchange and cation-exchange membranes are specified, the preferred membranes being interpolymer ion - exchange membranes. Specifications 571,029, 577,707 and U.S.A. Specification 2,957,206 are referred to.
Patent GB-746959-A (GB)
Title: Improvements in or relating to heat exchange apparatus
Inventor: LEWIS ERNEST DALE
IPC: F28F21/04
Filed: 1953-07-31
Abstract: A heat exchanger comprises a fused silica conduit 1 supported on stress-relieving bearings and connected to inlet and outlet conduits, either or both of the connections embodying a flexible joint.  In one application a liquid may be vaporized and heated in the tube 1.  In the form shown for the heating of vaporous titanium tetrachloride the conduit is arranged within a furnace 6 (e.g. of brick) and is of sinuous form comprising horizontal portions interconnected by bends, the horizontal portions being supported by rollers 3 carried in slots in supporting columns 4 and plates 10 being interposed between the rollers and the conduits to spread the load.  The columns and supporting bearings may be made of any <PICT:0746959/III/1> material suitable to operating conditions (e.g. silica or metal). The columns 4 are cemented into refractory blocks 5 and may be provided with vibration dampers to prevent shocks being transmitted to the silica tube.  Packing 2 may be provided within the straight runs of the conduit to promote heat transfer, e.g. by radiation.  Such packing may comprise granular material or bundles of rods or tubes and may be made of fire brick. Alternatively, the packing may comprise members of star-shaped cross-section (Fig. 6, not shown) made from fused silica sand to which a colouring agent, e.g. titanium dioxide has been added so that the packing member is coloured dark purple or black thus increasing the heat transfer efficiency.  A method of making these packings is described.  Tube and packing sizes and proportions are mentioned.  The furnace may be heated by gas burners or by electric heaters.  It is stated that liquid or gaseous coolants may be employed where a lowering of temperature is desired and that the apparatus may function as a condenser.
Patent GB-425346-A (GB)
Title: Method of preserving and storing fresh fruit and vegetables
IPC: A23B7/04
Filed: 1934-07-21
Abstract: Fresh fruit and vegetables including gooseberries, plums, currants, cherries, rhubarb, asparagus, broad beans, peas and tomatoes are preserved and stored by spreading in thin layers on a wickerwork or other open-work support presenting narrow bearing surfaces to the articles and exposing them to a strong current of air at not higher than -15 DEG  C., to cause sudden freezing, and when the materials are frozen right through storing them at about -5 DEG  C. under constant air movement.  The materials may be shaken to hasten the freezing which may be effected by air supplied by a fan from an air cooling machine.  The freezing treatment may be prolonged for about 24 hours.
Patent GB-912031-A (GB)
Title: Improvements in pumps for abrasive or corrosive liquids
IPC: F04B11/00
Filed: 1961-06-14
Abstract: 912,031. Diaphragm pumps. BALLU, V. P. M. June 14, 1961 [June, 22, 1960], No. 21524/61. Addition to 892,294. Class 102(1). In a double-acting diaphragm pump as described in the parent Specification and comprising diaphragms 13a, 13b, Fig. 2, reciprocated by an eccentric 6 acting through a piston 10, a modified damping chamber 73 is provided which is filled with air under pressure and separated from the pump delivery outlets by a diaphragm 77. Pump outlets 28 communicate with diaphragm 77 through parts 80, Fig. 3. An air-inlet valve 76 is provided in chamber 73.
Patent GB-281388-A (GB)
Title: Improvements in magnetic separators
IPC: B03C1/14
Filed: 1926-09-01
Abstract: 281,388. Johnston, J. Sept. 1, 1926. Magnetic separators.-In a magnetic separator, the material to be treated is fed in at 24 into a pan 1 supported on a bearing 25 and rotated at high speed, the material being moved outwardly under the action of centrifugal force ,and through a magnetic field produced by electromagnets 2 arranged outside the pan as shown in Fig. 2. The separated material passes into hoppers 22, 23. In another form, the electromagnets are arranged outside the pan 1 so as to form a complete annular zone, and the magnetic material is only removed after the current to the magnets is cut off. Specification 12279/95. [Class 35, Dynamo-electric generators &c.], is referred to.