Patent GB-680363-A (GB)
Title: Lubricating oil composition containing sulphurised terpenes
IPC: C10M135/04
Filed: 1950-02-07
Abstract: Sulphurized terpenes are made by reacting, at an elevated temperature, a terpene, or mixture of terpenes, with sulphur and 0.05-5 per cent by weight, based on the total composition, of a rubber vulcanization catalyst.  The reaction may be initiated or completed or both initiated and completed in the presence of the catalyst.  Terpenes (C10H16), sesqui-terpenes (C15H24) and diterpenes (C20H32) may be treated, monocyclic terpenes, e.g. dipentene and terpinolene, being especially useful.  The reaction involves a partial dehydrosulphurization of the initial sulphur-terpene adduct and the catalyst is used for this stage.  The products are non-corrosive to copper and are used as lubricating oil additives (cf. Group III).  Catalysts specified include mercapto - benzothiazole, diphenyl guanidine, tetramethyl thiuram disulphide, selenium diethyl-dithiocarbamate, piperidinium pentamethylene dithiocarbamate, zinc dimethyl dithiocarbamate and 2-benzo-thiazyl-N,N1-diethylthiocarbamyl sulphide.  The preferred amount of catalyst is 0.3-1.5 per cent.  Temperatures specified are from the melting point of sulphur to 425 DEG  F., preferably 300-400 DEG  F.  The quantity of sulphur is usually 20-35 per cent, preferably 25-33 per cent.  A number of examples are given illustrating the various modes of effecting the sulphurization using commercial dipentene in the presence of mercapto-benzothiazole, tetramethyl thiuram disulphide, diphenyl guanidine and a mixture of the latter with mercapto-benzothiazole.ALSO:A lubricating oil composition comprises a lubricating oil base and a minor proportion of the product obtained by reacting, at an elevated temperature, a terpene, or mixtures of terpenes, with sulphur and said reaction being either initiated or completed or both initiated and completed in the presence of between 0.05-5 per cent by weight, based on the total composition, of a rubber vulcanization catalyst.  The oil may be of mineral or synthetic origin, e.g. esters of polybasic acids and polyglycols.  Terpenes (C10H16), sesqui-terpenes (C15H24) and diterpenes (C20H32) may be used, monocyclic terpenes, e.g. dipentene and terpinolene being especially useful.  The reaction involves a partial dehydrosulphurization of the initial sulphur-terpene adduct and the catalyst is used for this stage (see Group IV(b)).  Many catalysts are specified representative being mercapto-benzothiazole, selenium diethyldithiocarbamate, diphenyl guanidine and 2-benzo-thiazyl-N, N1-diethylthiocarbamyl sulphide.  Products may be obtained which are non-corrosive to copper.  For corrosion and oxidation inhibition quantities of 0.05 to 5 per cent preferably 0.1-2 per cent of additive are used and for load bearing quantities of up to about 10-12 per cent may be used.  Conventional additives may also be present, e.g. metal soaps, petroleum sulphonates, phenates, alcoholates, alkyl phenol sulphides, organo-phosphates and phosphites, thiophosphates and thiophosphites, xanthates and thioxanthates, carbamates and amines.  Examples are given which show additives made from commercial dipentene admixed with mineral lubricating oil and optionally also with a phosphorus pentasulphide treated barium alkyl phenol sulphide which may contain a calcium sulphonate.