baber/WOPTO huggingface dataset:
Patent GB-677140-A (GB)
Title: The control of fluidised retorting processes
IPC: B01J8/24
Filed: 1949-08-23
Abstract: <PICT:0677140/III/1> Improved yields of lime and plaster of paris are obtained from the pyrolysis of limestone and gypsum in a fluidized bed into which the raw material is continuously fed and the treated material p  continuously withdrawn, by adjusting the distillation time as a function of the distillation temperature in accordance with the equation:-1/f = 1 + K\s8 wherein f is the fraction of the unreacted material in the solids withdrawn from the bed; \s8 is the holding time expressed as pounds of solids in the bed divided by the withdrawal rate of solids, this rate being such as to give an adequate treatment of the raw material, for example, a treatment giving over 95 per cent conversion and K is a reaction rate constant derived from the expression: log10 K = a/T in degrees Rankine + b wherein a and b are constants for the solids depending on the specific reaction material and T is the treating temperature.  The process may be carried out in any conventional fluidized solids equipment but is best applied in systems wherein the total heat requirement is generated by supplying to the retort the hot residue resulting from the combustion of a carbonaceous solid in a separate vessel.  The apparatus shown consists of a retort 10 containing a charge of raw material supported on a gas distributing grid 8, through which an inert gas such as steam from a line 5 is admitted at sufficient velocity to fluidize the charge, fresh material being fed continuously through a line 1 and withdrawn after treatment through a line 14 the lines being controlled by valves 3 and 16 respectively. Heat is supplied to the retort by circulation of heated solid material the temperature in the retort and the holding time, which is controlled by valves 3 and 16, being adjusted so that they are related according to the above equation.  Specification 585,354, [Group XII], is referred to.
Patent GB-392027-A (GB)
Title: A process of oiling textile fibres
Filed: 1932-08-04
Abstract: 392,027. Oiling textile fibres; sulphonic acids. I. G. FARBENINDUSTRIE AKT.-GES., Frankfort-on-Main, Germany. Aug. 4, 1932, No. 21906. Convention date,. Aug. 13, 1931. [Classes 2 (iii) and 15 (ii).] For oiling animal fibres or mixed fibres containing animal fibres, use is made of aqueous solutions of compounds of the formula RXYSO3M or ROSO3M, where R is an aliphaticresidue containing at least seven carbon atoms, X is CH2O, COO, CONH, or CONZ, Y and Z are substituted or unsubstituted aliphatic or aromatic residues, and M is an alkali metal or ammonium. Examples are given in which aqueous solutions of the following compounds are used : (1) sodium oleylhydroxyethanesulphonate, C17H33COOCH2CH2SO3Na; (2) sodium oleylmethyltaurine, obtainable according to Specification 343,899; (3) dodecylalcohol sulphuric acid ester sodium salt, C11H23CH2OSO3Na; (4) dodecyl alcohol hydroxyethanesulphonic acid ether sodium salt, obtainable by treating dodecyl alcohol with hydroxyethanesulphonic acid at 40-80 C. and neutralizing the product ; (5) potassium oleylphenyltaurine, obtainable according to Specification 343,899; (6) ammonium stearylhydroxypropane-sulphonate, C17H35COOCH2CH2CH2SO3NH4, obtained analogously to the known compound used in example (1) ; (7) potassium oleylphenylanilidosulphonate, C17H33CON(C6H5)C6H4SO3K, obtainable according to Specification 343,524 ; (8) ammonium oleylisopropylaminoxylenesulphonate, C17H33CON(C3H7)C6H2(CH3)2SO3NH4, obtainable according to Specification 343,524; (9) sodium palmitylphenolsulphonate, obtained analogously to the known compound used in example 1 ; (10) cetyl alcohol sulphuric acid ester sodium salt, C15H31CH2OSO3Na. Reference is made also to the use of alkali salts of sulphophenyl stearate and stearyl alcohol sulphuric acid ester.
Patent GB-498159-A (GB)
Title: Method of and apparatus for measuring pressures of gases or vapours
IPC: G01L21/10
Filed: 1937-08-10
Abstract: 498,159. Pressure gauges. GREGORY, H. S., STEPHENS, R. W. B., SMITH, L. W., EDWARDS, W., and EDWARDS, F. D., (trading as EDWARDS & CO., W.). Aug. 10, 1937, No. 21989. [Class 106 (ii) Comprises a method of measuring the pressure of a gaseous atmosphere in which the gas is heated by a heated member surrounded by the gas and maintained at a determined temperature and measuring the temperature difference between the member and a point spaced therefrom from which the pressure may be calculated by a formula given in the Specification. Two wires 1, 4 are arranged parallel with one another in a glass vessel 15 and are electrically and thermally insulated from one another. The wire 1 is heated from a source 2, a rheostat 4 and milliammeter 3 serving to regulate the temperature of the wire. The other wire 5 is connected in one arm 6 of a bridge circuit, the other arms of which contain resistances 8, 9, 10. A galvanometer 11 is connected across one diagonal and a source 12, rheostat 13 and milliammeter 14 across the other diagonal.
Patent GB-516336-A (GB)
Title: Improvements in or relating to hairdressing chairs
IPC: A47C7/50
Filed: 1938-07-25
Abstract: 516,336. Hairdressing chairs. REASON, A. A. July 25, 1938, No. 22015. [Class 52 (ii)] An upholstered hairdressing chair is provided with an upholstered leg rest comprising a cushion D pivoted to a sliding frame A which, in the retracted position, is disposed below the chair seat, but, when extended, permits the leg rest cushion D to be rotated into operative position and locked by a spring loaded rod F which springs into an aperture in a metal plate E.
Patent GB-655865-A (GB)
Title: Improvements in dynamo-electric machines
IPC: H02K27/12
Filed: 1948-08-28
Abstract: 655,865. A.C. commutator machines. BRITISH THOMSON-HOUSTON CO., Ltd. Aug. 20, 1948, No. 22035. Convention date, Aug. 23, 1947. [Class 35] [Also in Group XXXVII] A dynamo-electric machine has a stator power winding for connection to a source of alternating-current, a commutated rotor winding, commutator brushes, a saturable core transformer comprising primary and secondary alternating-current windings and a tertiary direct-current winding, means including a direct-current supply and a rheostat for adjustably varying the excitation of the tertiary winding, means including connections from the stator power winding to the transformer primary winding and connections from the transformer secondary winding to the commutator brushes to supply a voltage of rotor frequency to the rotor winding, so that the characteristics of the dynamo-electric machine may be varied by adjustment of the rheostat. A three-phase commutator motor has its stator power windings 4 connected to the supply-lines in series with the primary windings 9 of a saturable core transformer 10, the secondary windings 11 of which are connected to the rotor brushes 6, 7, 8 of the motor. The transformer has a saturating winding 12 which is connected to a source of direct-current through an adjustable resistor 14. The speed of the motor is dependent upon the degree of saturation of the transformer core, so that, with full saturation, the machine will operate essentially as an induction motor with the brushes shortcircuited, and, with no saturation, an additional voltage supplied to the rotor 5 causes the speed of the motor to increase above synchronism. The range of speed may be increased by reversing switches in the transformer secondary circuit which enable the motor rotor voltage to be bucked or boosted by the transformer secondary voltage. The motor speed may be held constant with variable supply frequency adjustment of the resistor 14. The machine may be driven to operate as a variablefrequency generator, Fig. 2 (not shown), its stator winding being connected to a supplysource for initial excitation, and then connected to the output circuit. Variation of the saturation of the transformer adjusts the output frequency although the machine is driven at constant speed. The frequency may, alternatively, be held constant with changing speed. A compensating winding, Fig. 3 (not shown), which magnetically opposes the motor armature winding, may be connected in the transformer secondary circuit, so reducing the resultant reactance of the armature and compensating windings and the amount of direct-current power required for control. A selector switch, Fig. 4 (not shown), may either connect the motor stator power winding in series with the transformer primary winding or byepass the latter. When its primary winding is inoperative, the transformer acts as a saturable core reactor in the rotor circuit and regulation of the direct saturating - current provides inching speeds below synchronism. Specification 650,011 is referred to.
Patent GB-387372-A (GB)
Title: Improvements in or relating to the manufacture of alcoholic oxidation products of olefines
IPC: C07C31/20
Filed: 1931-08-04
Abstract: Alcoholic oxidation products of olefines such as ethylene glycol are produced by oxidation of olefines such as ethylene with gaseous oxygen in presence of water, if desired in the presence of catalysts or oxygen carriers.  For instance, the olefine mixed with steam and oxygen may be heated in presence of oxidizing catalysts such as copper, copper oxide or vanadium pentoxide. Preferably the catalysts are themselves or comprise hydrating catalysts such as phosphoric acid, tungstic oxide, alumina or zinc chloride.  The reaction may be effected at 200-500 DEG  C. at normal, reduced, or increased pressure.  Preferably the reaction is effected in presence of liquid water, suitable catalysts being manganese compounds and iron salts, with or without iron, for instance manganates, manganic and manganous acetates, ferrous sulphate, iodine and persalts such as perborates, persulphates, permanganates, perchromates and perchlorates of alkali and other metals.  The liquid medium may be of acid, neutral or alkaline reaction, and the catalysts may be in solution or suspension. Water may be added to replace that consumed in the reaction.  The reaction may be effected at ordinary temperature or at raised temperatures up to the boiling point of the liquid, and preferably under pressure.
Patent GB-184492-A (GB)
Title: Improvements in captive helicopters
IPC: B64C37/00
Filed: 1922-08-14
Abstract: 184,492. Pateras Pescara, Raul, Marquis of. Aug. 13, 1921, [Convention date]. Driving auxiliary parts.-The cables of a captive helicopter are wound each upon a drum 44 connected by chain gearing 54, 52, 53 to a shaft 48 adapted to be connected by a clutch 49 to a sprocket-wheel 47 connected by a chain 46 to a sprocket-wheel 45 on the secondary shaft of the gear box of a motor vehicle.
Patent GB-160118-A (GB)
Title: Improvements in sliding calliper gauges
IPC: G01B3/20
Filed: 1920-07-24
Abstract: 160,118. Challet, E. July 24, 1920. Linear - dimension gauges of sliding calliper type have the jaws c, k fixed to the stock a, and the jaws d, e, to the slide h, by tenon and mortise joints. The joints may also be soldered. A gauge with jaws'on either side of the stock has the fixed jaws joined by a bridge l against which the stock abuts.
Patent GB-517393-A (GB)
Title: Improvements relating to switching devices for use in dial illuminating arrangements
IPC: H03J1/04
Filed: 1938-07-26
Abstract: 517,393. Wireless receiving sets. KOLSTER-BRANDES, Ltd., and LAWRANCE, R. S. July 26, 1938, No. 22219. [Class 40 (v)] In an arrangement in which switching means is associated with the tuning member to light a dial-illuminating lamp during the tuning operation, the spindle of the tuning member is included in the circuit of the lamp and the circuit may be completed by a push-button switch 7, Fig. 1, operable by gripping the knob 6, or by longitudinal movement of the shaft, Fig. 2. In Fig. 1, the circuit of the lamp 14 includes the chassis 1, spindle-supporting frame 2, spindle 3a, button 7, spring supporting-tongue 13, contact plate 8, and a spring-pressed ball 9. The spindle comprises two parts connected by a ball-race 4 and pressed together by a spring 5. In Fig. 2, longitudinal movement of the spindle completes a circuit including frame 2, spindle extension 21, and contact 22. The restoring springs 13, Fig. 1, and 24, 25, Fig. 2, are optional and when they are provided there may be means for locking the switching means in closed position.
Patent GB-223616-A (GB)
Abstract: 223,616. Duffield, F. L. April 21, 1923. Refractory substances.-Refractory bricks, blocks, &c. are made from dolomite or other materials possessing plasticity at high temperature, by moulding under pressure at high temperature. Dolomite, alone or mixed with fluxing- agents such as ferric oxide, clay or basic slag may be heated to 1500‹ C. and moulded under pressure, or the bricks may be moulded in the ordinary way and heated until rendered plastic when they are re-moulded under pressure. The bricks may be annealed in a cooling-chamber or tunnel. Reference has been directed by the Comptroller to Specification 211,944.
Patent GB-155359-A (GB)
Title: Improvements in or relating to pegs for tuning the strings of stringed musical instruments
IPC: G10D3/14
Filed: 1919-09-12
Abstract: 155,359. Lyons, W. Sept. 12, 1919. Stringed instruments, tuning-pins for. - A tuning-pin for a stringed musical instrument has a recess, preferably a straight groove b of curved cross - section, formed in a portion of its periphery and a hook a arranged longitudinally or transversely therein. preferably wholly below the surface of the peg.
Patent GB-749645-A (GB)
Title: Improvements relating to the catalytic oxidation of sulphur dioxide to sulphur trioxide
Inventor: GRECO GIUSEPPE
IPC: C01B17/79
Filed: 1953-08-14
Abstract: Sulphur trioxide is formed by passing a gaseous mixture containing sulphur dioxide and oxygen into contact, at a temperature not exceeding 380 DEG C., with a catalyst containing 4-8 per cent of vanadium pentoxide and 2-5 per cent of an oxide of bismuth to effect conversion of the greater part of the sulphur dioxide, and then passing the gaseous product, without intermediate cooling, into contact with a further body of the same catalyst to complete the conversion.  The lower temperature used for the oxidation prevents corrosion of the reaction apparatus and agglomeration of the catalyst with the walls of the reaction chamber.  The catalyst may comprise a calcined coprecipitated mixture of silica, vanadium pentoxide, and bismuth trioxide. Graphs show the activity at different temperatures of catalysts containing 8 per cent V2O5 and 4 and 2 per cent Bi2OT3 compared with catalysts free from bismuth.  The effect of varying the proportions of V2O5 and Bi2O3 is also discussed.  Examples describe the preparation of suitable catalysts, the starting materials being sodium, potassium, or ammonium metavanadate and a solution of bismuth oxide in concentrated sulphuric acid.  Silica is introduced as water glass or kieselguhr.  The addition of fluosilicic acid, with subsequent removal as silicon tetrafluoride, provides a stronger catalyst, and the addition of sulphur, which is later burnt out, a porous catalyst.  The mixture of components may be compressed to 200 atmosphere in a hydraulic press, dried, and activated by heating to 400 DEG C. in a current of air containing sulphur dioxide.  The product may be further impregnated with potassium vanadate solution. In one example a mass comprising natural diatomaceous earth bismuth oxide is treated in an evaporated vessel with a solution of potassium vanadate.
Patent GB-1105599-A (GB)
Title: Improvements in or relating to fluorescent light fittings
Inventor: WELHAM VICTOR GEORGE
IPC: F21V17/00
Filed: 1966-05-20
Abstract: 1,105,599. Lamp fittings. ROTAFLEX (GREAT BRITAIN) Ltd. 8 May, 1967 [20 May, 1966], No. 22485/66. Heading F4R. A batten fitting for a fluorescent lamp comprises a pair of generally L-section members 1, 2 arranged to form a hollow box-section, the members being hingedly connected along one pair of adjacent longitudinal edges by means of slidably interengaging flanges 3, 4, 6, 7 and releasably connected along the other pair of edges by means of co-operating formations 8, 9. The members are preferably made of extruded aluminium and may be urged towards the closed position by a spring 11. Each end of the box-section is closed by an end plate (16, Figure 3, not shown) attached to the fixed member 1 by a spring clip (17) so that it can be swung outwardly to facilitate the insertion and removal of the lamp.
Patent GB-268646-A (GB)
Title: Improvements in toy guns
IPC: A63H33/36
Filed: 1926-09-13
Abstract: 268,646. Dymond, G. C., (Aronson, L. V.). Sept. 13, 1926. Guns; illuminating toys. - A toy gun having a casing 10 simulating a machine gun or the like and a reciprocating member 33 for intermittent operation of light-emitting means situated near the muzzle, has, mounted near the rear end of the casing, a rotatable shaft 11 which passes through a slot 35 in the member 33 and carries a handoperated crank 41 and a cam 16, the latter being adapted to coact with a roller 40 to reciprocate the member 33 and thereby produce a shower of sparks. The spark producing means comprise a wheel 19 formed integral with a pinion engaged by rack-teeth 34 on the member 33, and a pyrophoric element 22 pressed into engagement with the abrasive peripheral surface of the wheel 19 by means of a spring 24. The member 33 is slowly retracted by means of the the cam 16 and moves quickly forward under the action of a spring 36, the latter movement causing the production of a shower of sparks.
Patent GB-1179187-A (GB)
Title: A Securing Device.
IPC: F16L3/14
Filed: 1967-05-16
Abstract: 1,179,187. Supporting pipes. L. KRATZER, [trading as MEFA DUBELFABRIK FRIEDRICH KRATZER]. 16 May, 1967 [16 Sept., 1966], No. 22601/67. Heading F2P. [Also in Divisions B2 and E2] A securing device comprises an elongate metal band, a row of apertures formed in the band, a coating of resilient material being provided on the outer surface of the metal band and one or more ribs formed in the surface of the coating, the or each rib extending parallel to the row of apertures. One or more additional rows of staggered apertures may be provided in the metal band, the or each additional row being parallel to the first row and being filled with resilient material. As shown in the figure a flat steel band 1 has a longitudinally disposed central row of securing holes 2, and two additional rows of offset holes 3 of smaller diameter. The band is covered with a coating 4 of a resilient material, preferably of plastics, such as a heat stabilized resistant soft polyethylene.
Patent GB-516864-A (GB)
Title: Improvements in or relating to cartons
IPC: B65D5/60
Filed: 1938-07-29
Abstract: 516,864. Lined cartons. NAYLOR, W: H., and DAY & SONS, Ltd., J. July 29, 1938, No. 22642. [Class 18] In lining a carton with a bag, the tubular lining has one end folded to leave a projecting flap a<6>, two end flaps b<2> of the carton are then folded inwards, next flap b<3> and finally flap b<1>, thus interlocking the lining in the end of the carton. The method of folding is also applied to double-earfold linings. Specifications 462,928 and 485,035 are referred to.
Patent GB-155886-A (GB)
Title: Improvements in or relating to pressure-fed fuel systems for internal combustion engines
IPC: F02B1/00
Filed: 1919-09-15
Abstract: 155,886. Kennedy, E. N. Sept. 15, 1919. Indicators, alarm and signal.-In a fuel feed apparatus for internal-combustion engines, of the kind in which the fuel is forced by pneumatic pressure from a tank to a chamber a, which feeds the carburettor by gravity, a float o is connected to a valve s to the stem of which a lever 10 is connected. The other end of the lever carries the hammer of a gong or one contact 17 of an electric alarm-circuit, so that, when the float falls to a certain level owing to lack of air pressure in the fuel tank, an alarm is sounded. When the float falls owing to lack of fuel in the fuel tank, the compressed air passes through the valve s and sounds a whistle 16. The float is provided with adjustable weights p and is guided on the fuel inlet pipe d and a pin d<1>. When the float rises, the valve s is closed by a spring u engaging a packing washer w held in place by an adjustable nut x on the valve stem.
Patent GB-597967-A (GB)
Title: Improvements in electric cookers
IPC: F24C7/08
Filed: 1945-09-04
Abstract: 597,967. Cooking-stoves. BELLING & CO., Ltd., and BELLING, C. R. Sept. 4, 1945, No. 22695. [Class 126] [Also in Group XX] An electric cooker or oven is provided with a bimetallic or like temperature-responsive member i, one end of which is anchored to the outer surface of the oven lining, the other end being connected by links h, g having pin-andslot connections to permit adjustment to a pointer e associated with a scale and visible through an arcuate slot c in the panel of the oven ; alternatively, the scale may constitute the movable member. The member i may be arranged to actuate a switch directly or through the indicating mechanism.
Patent GB-714225-A (GB)
Title: Improved electric switch control mechanisms
IPC: F25B49/02
Filed: 1952-09-10
Abstract: 714,225. Thermal switches. GENERAL MOTORS CORPORATION. Sept. 10, 1952 [Oct. 10, 1951], No. 22724/52. Class 38(5) A refrigerator control switch has a bellows 38, having fixed to it a metal follower 48 which is riveted at 49 to an insulating member 50, through  a slot 52 in which a leaf-spring 28 carrying a contact 30 passes. The member 48 has V-shaped notches into which fit toggle-links 56, 58 to impart a snap-action movement. Link 58 engages a bearing member 60 of an adjusting screw 62, and link 56 fits in a groove in a leaf-spring 56, which has pads 76 bearing on the case 20, and is adjustable vertically by a screw 70. The cut-on and cut-off positions are controlled by stops 94 and 86. The cut-on stop 94 is adjustably screwed into a boss 95, which is engaged by a bent-over portion 96 of the member 48. The cut-off stop is a cam 86, with a continual rise, splined on a spindle 82, and engaging the top of the bellows 38. The cam has a portion 87 to act as positive cut-off when required. The controls 94, 68, 62 are pre-set in the factory, and the lower end of the temperature differential is adjusted by knob 84 acting on the cam 86 as required. In a modification, Fig. 4 (not shown), both stops are in the form of cams, the additional cam engaging a projection on the follower 48 to limit downward movement.
Patent GB-533434-A (GB)
Title: Method of making composite bearing strip
IPC: B22D19/08
Filed: 1939-08-05
Abstract: 533,434. Making composite bearing strip. THORNTON, A. A. (Palm, J. V. O.) Aug. 5, 1939, No. 22766. [Classes 83 (i) and 83 (ii)] Casting processes.-In making composite bearing strip by pouring molten plastic bronze on a ferrous backing, containing under 0.3 per cent. of carbon and preferably pre-heated to 1700-1800‹ F. the strip is rapidly cooled to about 1400‹ F., i.e. above the critical range, so as to solidify the copper without damaging the properties of the backing, is then slowly cooled to below the critical temperature, and may finally be cooled rapidly. The process is carried out in an inert atmosphere. Casting-machines.-The composite strip is fed over support rails 20, Fig. 6, and grids 41, these being adjustable by screw-operated wedges 44, upon which it is pressed by rails 23 engaged by cams 32, Fig. 2, to which torque is applied by levers 34, Fig. 1, and springs 37. The rails 23 are also pressed against the frame members 9 by springs and bolts. The first cooling is effected by spray pipes 50, 51 and pivoted baffle plates 53, 54 pressed upwards by balance weights 57, 58. The strip is then allowed to cool slowly while travelling in the closed container which consists of the frames 9, a trough 1, and cover members 10 provided with observation windows 15. This container is secured at 2 to the casting-machine and the exit opening for the strip, which has been rapidly cooled from 1400‹ F. to room temperature by sprays 61, is closed by a wiper 64. Reducing or non-oxidizing gas is admitted to the container at 69 and water and steam exhausted at 65 and 66 respectively.