baber/WOPTO huggingface dataset:
Patent GB-1101242-A (GB)
Title: Improvements in or relating to dry spinning of cellulose esters
IPC: D01F2/30
Filed: 1965-02-04
Abstract: Cellulose organic acid ester filaments suitable for making tobacco smoke filters for cigarettes are produced by dry spinning a solution containing the ester and 5 to 40% by weight (based on the weight of the cellulose ester) of a mixed organic acid ester of sucrose (see Heading B5B).  The mixed sucrose ester may be the acetate/propionate, acetate/isobutyrate or propionate/isobutyrate.  The filters may be made by collecting the filaments into a tow, applying to the tow a plasticizer such as triacetin, and forming the tow into a filter rod. The tow may be crimped prior to the application of the plasticizer. After is has acquired sufficient rigidity the tow is cut into short lengths for attachment to cigarettes.
Patent GB-1035199-A (GB)
Title: Improvements in or relating to methods of electric arc butt welding
Inventor: MARSDEN ROY
IPC: B23K9/028
Filed: 1962-12-10
Abstract: 1,035,199. Welding by fusion. SUPERHEATER CO. Ltd. Dec. 9, 1963 [Dec. 10, 1962], No. 46595/62. Heading B3R. In a method of joining tubes by automatic arc welding, the butted ends of the tubes are successively fusion welded internally and externally, the two welds interfusing to achieve complete penetration. Either weld may be made first and consumable or non-consumable electrodes may be used. The electrodes may be shielded with a gas, e.g. argon or an argonhydrogen mixture. Plasma arc machines may be used. The tubes or the electrodes may be rotated. The internal weld may be made by a welding head comprising a non-consumable electrode 10 mounted in a block 11 carried on current conducting leaf springs 14 and spaced from the tubes 1, 2 by a ceramic member 22. A closed tube 19 surrounding the block 11 has an aperture 21 through which shielding gas is fed. The welding head is incorporated in a machine as described in Specification 1,031,821 which has rotatable chucks for the tubes and an external welding head 31. The machine reduces the heat input to the respective welds as welding progresses.
Patent GB-1213338-A (GB)
Title: Improvements in or relating to transportable pressing machines for compressing crop
IPC: A01F15/04
Filed: 1968-10-01
Abstract: 1,213,338. Baling machines. TEXAS INDUSTRIES Inc. 1 Oct., 1968 [5 Oct., 1967], No. 46626/68. Heading B5F. In a transportable crop-compressing machine having a pick-up device 44, a cutting mechanism 58 divides the picked-up material into two portions to be compressed one in each of two press channels 7 and 8 arranged side by side. In one example (Figs. 3, 4) each press channel 7, 8 has a downwardly curved portion 9 in which a press plunger is oscillated by crank mechanism 22 ... 25. Material is fed from the pick-up device 44 by tines 47 moving in an orbital path and then fed through inlet openings 33 into the press channels by ram plates 60. The ram plates 60 have serrated lower edges and are oscillated about the axes of supporting sleeves 62A by drive mechanism 65 ... 69. The drive mechanisms for the plungers 11 are 180 degrees out of phase with each other. Knives 36 on the plungers 11 co-operate with knives 35 on the rear edges of the inlet openings 33. A triangular shaped guide 37 is arranged between the inlets to the two channels 7, 8. In a second embodiment (Fig. 7) the pressing channels (93), 94, are curved upwardly at the forward end 95 and the plungers 101 are oscillated about a shaft 98 by drive mechanism 103 ... 106. Knives 111 on the plungers 101 co-operate with a central knife 110. Tines 124 moved in an orbital path by mechanism 117 ... 123 carry the material into inlets 107 to the pressure channels (93), 94.
Patent GB-1101509-A (GB)
Title: Automatic dispensing of motor fuel
IPC: B67D7/04
Filed: 1965-11-05
Abstract: 1,101,509. Programmed control. STANDARD OIL CO. Nov. 5, 1965 [Nov. 13, 1964], No. 46898/65. Heading G3N. [Also in Division A4] In a self-service petrol station, a fuel delivery system performs, without manual intervention, the appropriate sequence of mechanical operations necessary to transfer a measured quantity of petrol from the station bulk storage to the vehicle tank. The system, which is only disclosed in outline, includes data storage means for a number of programmes, equal to the number of types of vehicle which it is likely to encounter, each programme having positional and access data of the fuel tank inlet of a car type. The data is preferably stored on punched or magnetic tape. The type of vehicle is signalled to a programme selector either automatically, by readers for the vehicle silhouette or an identification card fixed thereto, or manually, by insertion of a notched or embossed identification card or by manipulating push-buttons. The push-buttons may be carried by a console (63) Fig. 3 (not shown) rotatable, so that the driver can operate them all without leaving the driving seat. The push-button panels may be successively illuminated in the order in which they are to be operated. Means for selecting the amount and grade of fuel required and for accepting payment are also provided. The console includes indicating means for the amount of fuel supplied and its price and an emergency stop button. A separate start button may bring the delivery system into operation to perform the selected programme. Means, used in a known manner as in the automatic control of machine tools from punched or magnetic tape, are adapted to carry the programme into effect. In order to simplify the operative procedures, the vehicle is preferably accurately located, by a wheel trough, in the horizontal plane and its vertical deviation from a datum is continuously compensated for Fig. 6 (not shown). The dispenser head (40) Figs. 5A, B (not shown) is directed to the location of the petrol tank inlet (as instructed by the programme) raises its cover flap and unscrews the inlet cap. The head (40) is then turned to insert a delivery nozzle (520 or 522) into the inlet. Separate nozzles may be used for different fuels, although a mixture may also be supplied. After completing delivery, the nozzle is withdrawn and the cap and flap replaced.
Patent GB-997451-A (GB)
Title: Separation of hydrocarbon mixtures
IPC: C07C7/00
Filed: 1962-12-12
Abstract: "Separation" of hydrocarbon mixtures is effected by contacting the mixture with a carbinol R1R2R3COH, wherein R1, R2 are aryl or substituted aryl and R3 is aryl, substituted aryl, alkyl or H, to form a complex with at least one component of the mixture and by isolating and decomposing the complex.  By "separation" is meant the resolution into fractions of a mixture of several components, each fraction being richer in at least one component than the initial mixture.  R1 and R2 are preferably naphthyl and R1R2R3OH is suitably 1,11-dinaphthylcarbinol or more preferably 2,21-dinaphthylcarbinol. The hydrocarbon mixture may be in the liquid or gaseous phase.  From liquid hydrocarbon mixtures a complex may be formed by addition of the carbinol and then heating, or vice versa, followed by crystallization of the complex from the cooled solution or, when the carbinol is sparingly soluble, by refluxing the hydrocarbon mixture and passing the vapours over the carbinol so that the complex forms on crystallization of the carbinol from its saturated solution.  The complex may then be isolated by filtering or by vaporizing the non-complexed components.  From gaseous hydrocarbon mixtures a complex is formed, after contact of the vapour with liquid carbinol, by cooling and solidification.  To free the bonded hydrocarbon the complex may be decomposed by heating, by the addition of a solvent for the carbinol, e.g. an aromatic hydrocarbon, aliphatic or aromatic alcohol, or by preferential complexing of the carbinol with a second material; the hydrocarbon is then recovered in suitable manner. Separation (as defined) may be effected between different sized and/or shaped hydrocarbon molecules, for example between straight chain and other hydrocarbons, between branched chain hydrocarbons of different degree, between highly branched hydrocarbons with adjacent and with non-adjacent alkyl substituents, between paraffinic and (i) naphthenic or (ii) aromatic hydrocarbons, between naphthenic and aromatic hydrocarbons, and between naphthenic or aromatic (e.g. o, m, p, xylene) hydrocarbons themselves.  An example illustrates the separation of blends of hydrocarbons effected by freezing the blend with 2,21-dinaphthylcarbinol in liquid N2, evacuating, sealing, then heating to 80-100 DEG  C. and cooling to room temperature and by removing and drying the complex and analyzing its volatile components. Separation of (i) the 9 isomers of C7H16, (ii) normal pentane, hexane, heptane, (iii) the paraffins of (ii) and corresponding naphthenes, (iv) Cyclo- and methyl cyclo-pentane and hexane, (v) cis and trans heptene-2, (vi) o, m, p xylene, is effected.
Patent GB-1380635-A (GB)
Title: Steel for rolling elements
IPC: C21D9/32
Filed: 1972-10-17
Abstract: 1380635 Heat treating steel NIPPON SEIKO KK 17 Oct 1972 47692/72 Heading C7A Steel for rolling elements such as bearings or gears has at least a surface layer comprising a dispersion of 0À2 to 10 micron quasi-carbide particles See Figs. 1A, 1B in a martensite matrix the particles forming 15% to 80% by volume of the layer. The quasi-carbide particles are approximately spherical and consist of a carbide core containing 2% to 5% of carbon within an outer shell of retained austenite having a carbon content decreasing progressively towards the surface. The structure is obtained from a starting material containing at least in its surface region 5% to 40% by volume of a granular carbide and consisting of:- wherein Cr and Mo together may be present in a minimum amount of 0À2% with Cr 0À06 to 2À5%, and 0À06 to 0À6% of Mo, by heating from 850‹C to a temperature in the range 1000 C to 1250‹C at an average rate of greater than 10‹C/sec., and then quenching. Alternatively the steel may be heated directly from room temperature to 1000‹C to 1250‹C at an average rate greater than 25‹C/sec. with the rate above 850‹C being at least 10‹C/sec. To obtain the desired structure a low carbon steel may be initially surface carburized.
Patent GB-1244834-A (GB)
Title: Improvements in or relating to valve-controlled flow distribution systems
Inventor: URRY WAVELL JOHN
IPC: F23D11/26
Filed: 1967-10-19
Abstract: 1,244,834. Valves. PLESSEY CO. Ltd. 14 Oct., 1968 [19 Oct., 1967], No. 47733/67. Heading F2V. A distributer valve having two outlet ports 5, 6 and inlet 4 is controlled by a distribution control element 14 that moves from a first position corresponding to maximum flow through one outlet via a central position corresponding to equal flows through the two outlets to a second position corresponding to maximum flow through the other outlet causing the total effective area of the two ports to decrease both from the first and second positions towards the central position of the control element. Fluid from inlet 4 passes through a port 3 into the control element 14 via a port 13 and may exit at ports 15, 16. In an embodiment the ports 15, 16 are so shaped that the valve will maintain a constant inlet pressure when supplied with a constant rate of supply and will, when fed with constant pressure, maintain the total flow constant, irrespective of the position of the valve. When applied to the reheat fuel supply system for the after-burners of jet engine (Fig. 2, not shown) the inlet 4 of the valve (29) is connected to a flow proportioner valve (31), the function of which is dependent upon the maintenance of back pressure. Four valves (29) according to the invention are utilized, each having a burner supply line (32) and a spill line (33).
Patent GB-1564484-A (GB)
Title: Method of and means for conveying and treating a web at the wet end of a paper-making machine
IPC: D21F3/04
Filed: 1977-11-17
Abstract: A paper-manufacturing machine and method include the feature of detaching a web from a forming wire by utilizing a stationary transfer suction box past which a felt travels while contacting the web so that the latter becomes detached from the forming wire and adheres to the felt while travelling with the latter beyond the forming wire. The felt and web are lapped through a substantial angle around a roll having a recessed surface whiletravelling toward the first press nip of a press section, and at this roll around which the felt and web are lapped a means is provided for directing steam toward the web and through the latter and the felt inwardly toward the recessed surface of the guide roll so that the flowing steam will on the one hand heat water carried by the web to enhance dewatering of the web at the first press nip while on the other hand the steam will serve to maintain the web reliably in engagement with the felt as the latter travels toward the first press nip. Beyond the first press nip the web may be subjected to one or more additional press nips and, if desired, to the smoothing action of a smooth-surfaced roll which presses the web against a central smooth-surfaced roll of the press section, before the web is guided away from the central press roll to a drying section.
Patent GB-1127093-A (GB)
Title: Continuous casting
Inventor: WALKER THOMAS
IPC: B22D11/06
Filed: 1964-11-24
Abstract: 1,127,093. Continuous casting machines. DAVY & UNITED ENG. CO. Ltd. 6 Oct., 1965 [24 Nov., 1964], No. 47792/64. Heading B3F. In a continuous casting machine comprising a wheel 12, and endless belt 13, the belt 13 with its guide pulleys 14, 15, 16, 17 forms part of a unitary structure mounted separately from the wheel 12 so that when it is necessary to change the belt 13 the unit comprising the belt 13, guide pulleys 14, 15, 16, 17, supporting arms 31, 32, 33 and base carriage 26 mounted by means of wheels 27 on rails 28 may be withdrawn from the wheel 12 by means of an hydraulic ram 42. A cooling device 37 for the belt 13 is mounted on the carriage 26 and may comprise sprays 38 or cooling water channels and the wheel 12 may be cooled internally. Also mounted on the carriage 26 are driers 41 located adjacent the belt 13. Punch rolls 48 serve to draw the solidified casting strip 47 from the machine.
Patent GB-1157706-A (GB)
Title: A Tripping Device for Circuit-Breakers
IPC: H04B10/12
Filed: 1966-10-25
Abstract: 1,157,706. Photo-electric checking apparatus. ETABS MERLIN & GERIN. Oct. 25, 1966 [Nov. 4, 1965], No. 47824/66. Heading G1A. [Also in Division H2] A photo-electric system is used to keep a continuous check on the functioning of the control element of a high voltage circuit-breaker. The circuit-breaker comprises a coil 18 which is caused to open contact 17 in the high voltage line when a silicon controlled rectifier 26 discharges. This occurs when a tripping order is received at the relay 12 at earth potential, causing flashing of tube 11, the flash being detected, via light guide 15 and lens 34, by photocell 16 to cause ignition of the SCR 26. Power for the latter comes from the line via transformer 20, rectifier bridge 21 and SCR's 22, 23 to charge up capacitor 19. The most common fault in such a system is short-circuiting of the SCR 26 (which is therefore doubled or tripled for safety). If such shortcircuiting occurs, there will be no voltage across the terminals of the SCR 26 and the lamp 28 connected between these terminals will not light. Thus no light will be received by photo-cell 14 via light guide 31 and lenses 32, 33. As a result, the gate 13 (e.g. an SCR) will be gated "off" and in the event of a tripping order, the flash-tube 11 will not light up. A circuit breaker system may comprise a number of circuit breaks in series in the high voltage line, each provided with its own tripping circuit P, but all these latter circuits P being operated by a single flashtube 11. A number of control means 13, one for each tripping circuit, connect with the flashtube. If any one of the SCRs fails, the tube 11 is rendered non-operative and none of the breakers is operated in the event of a tripping order at 12. After a fault has been detected and eliminated and the contact 17 closed again to remake the high voltage line circuit, the lamp 28 may take a certain time to reach full light output, thus delaying the re-opening of gate 13, and making the system unresponsive to a tripping order. A capacitor 30 is thus provided to apply an overvoltage to the lamp after reclosure of contact 17. In a modification, the detector 16 and SCR 26 are combined as a photo thyristor. The light guides may be of plastics material and inert gas filled. They may be combined as a single unit or be substituted by a single guide.
Patent GB-1474125-A (GB)
Title: Label printing apparatus
IPC: B41F17/24
Filed: 1974-11-07
Abstract: 1474125 Control of printing HOUSTON ENG RESEARCH CORP 7 Nov 1974 48296/74 Heading G3N In the direct printing of data on a package, a probe contacts a side of the package to control movement of a printing head towards or away from the side to ensure that it is positioned for printing of the data, control means 81, 82 providing control signals defining the content and format of the printed data. Computer 81 receives from unit 82 information concerning, for example weight and destination, and scales and formats the data to enable printing within a specified surface area. Upon arrival of a container, bale, drum or barrel at the printing area, the printing head (56), Fig.6 (not shown), and probe (59); movable in a Z coordinate direction with respect to a carriage (21) itself movable in an X-Y plane; are controlled so that the probe contacts a side of the package at a programmed initial point (63a), Fig.8 (not shown), whereupon a search motion (64-67) takes place to locate external framing (13), or metal or plastics bands on the package, the computer ensuring that an entire format can be printed without encountering such frames or bands. The probe may include means for detecting ferromagnetic bands. The apparatus may be duplicated, Fig.1 (not shown), enabling simultaneous printing on two sides of a package. Printing head: Drops of ink are charged the format being printed as the head moves in a raster (68-69, 71, 72, Fig. 8) across the package surface, the fineness of the raster being specified in relation to the fineness of the printing, the probe maintaining the required spacing between head and package side enabling printing on curved surfaces, binary signals defining the parts (70) of the raster at which ink is to be deposited. Two or more offset printing heads may operate simultaneously in an interlaced raster. In the control of head and probe movement, status data is fed back to the computer, and can be used to identify ruptured or defective packages, limit switches provide over-riding control of X, Y and Z excursions. The carriage (21) is driven in the X-Y plane by means of lead-screws with ball and nut assemblies, see Figs.2-7 (not shown), having stepping motor drives, position signals being fed back to interface 83. Packages to be printed may approach the print heads on a conveyer (11 Fig. 1) a photocell (16) detecting their arrival at the heads. The probe, in contacting the package side causes compression of a spring (60 Fig.7) biased against a switch 62 controlling the Z drive motor, which is activated unless the spring bias lies within a predetermined tolerance range.
Patent GB-1444425-A (GB)
Title: Door jambs
IPC: E06B1/10
Filed: 1973-10-15
Abstract: 1444425 Door frames G JEPSEN and E PEDERSEN 15 Oct 1973 [17 Oct 1972] 48544/73 Heading E1J A door jamb comprises a front part 3 and a rear element 2 inserted into a wall opening from opposite sides, an edge portion of the part 2 being received in a recess 4 in the front part 3, vertically spaced strips 9 projecting from part 3 abutting against the exterior of part 2. Ends of members 9 are held in dove-tailed grooves in part 3 and the projecting portion is secured to the wall by screws 10. Element 2 is screwed to members 9, or secured by glue or hooked fabric.
Patent GB-1196140-A (GB)
Title: Improvements relating to Tools for the Removal of Insulation from Cable and Conductor Ends
Inventor: KRAMPE JOSEF
IPC: H02G1/12
Filed: 1967-10-27
Abstract: 1,196,140. Gripping-tools. J. KRAMPE. 27 Oct., 1967 [28 Oct., 1966], No. 48904/67. Heading B4W. [Also in Division H2] A device for removing insulation from the end of a cable or conductor comprises a rotatable and axially adjustable bar 3 having a cutting edge 6 at one end beneath an adjustable clamping bar 2 attached to a handle 1. A circular cut can be made in the cable, followed by a longitudinal cut, because the bar 3 is free to swivel.
Patent GB-1439438-A (GB)
Title: Laminates of foamed polymeric material
IPC: B29C48/305
Filed: 1974-11-12
Abstract: 1439438 Extruding foamed sheet; laminates MOBIL OIL CORP 12 Nov 1974 [29 Nov 1973] 48908/74 Headings B5A and B5N [Also in Division C3] A thermoplastics material, e.g. polystyrene'  containing foaming agent is extruded as a laminate comprising layers of the material of differing cell size and density, obtained by control of the amount, or action, of a nucleating agent. The layers may be brought into bonding contact upstream, or downstream of the extrusion die. The laminate may comprise a layer of fine cell size having on one or both sides thereof a layer of polystyrene of different cell size. The material of a layer of polystyrene may not contain nucleating agent and thereby approach the density of unfoamed polystyrene to be impermeable to gas and liquid, and such a layer may be on one or both sides of a lower desnity layer acting as a heat insulation in the manufacture, e.g. of thermoforming, of cups, plates, packing boxes, and food containers. Various conventional blowing and nucleating agents are referred to, but a preferred nucleating agent comprises a mixture of sodium carbonate and citric acid (preferably a mixture of hydrous and unhydrous citric acid) facilitating the control by de-activation thereof by heating. In the Fig. 1 embodiment a tubular section which is extruded from a die 8 to pass around a cooling mandrel 30 to be cut on to a flat sheet, comprises layers 26, 28 of thermoplastic resin delivered to the die 8 from either one of extruders 2, 16, and into each of which pressurized blowing agent, e.g. isopentane, has been introduced at 4, 18, prior to cooling at 6, 20 before delivery to the die 8, The extruded layers 26, 28, which may be of differing thickness, are extruded with different densities obtained either by varying the relative cell size of the layers by the amount of nucleating agent mixed with each material delivered to the hoppers of the extruders, or by not mixing nucleating agent with one of the materials. In the Fig. 2 embodiment (not shown) the layers are formed from the same material containing nucleating agent fed to a single extruder in which the blowing agent is similarly added, and which is then delivered from the extruder to the die, via separate valved paths along one of which the material forming one layer is similarly cooled, and along the other of which the material is heated prior to the cooling, to destroy the activity of the nucleating agent and produce material of larger pore size and density. Alternatively, the material may be delivered to the die from a single extruder, by separate paths along which different amounts of nucleating agent may be added, before or after the blowing agent.