Patent GB-952299-A (GB)
Title: Refrigeration apparatus
IPC: F25B47/02
Filed: 1962-10-12
Abstract: 952,299. Refrigerators. THERMO KING CORPORATION. Oct. 12, 1962 [Dec. 22, 1961], No. 38777/62. Heading F4H. In a refrigerant system for air conditioning a vehicle carrying perishable goods, including an evaporator 56, a compressor 10, a reversing valve 24, a condenser 26, and a refrigerant receiver 34, connected in that order with the receiver outlet connected to the evaporator inlet, a conduit 76 leads from a discharge port of the reversing valve 24 to the evaporator inlet, with a branch 86 leading to the receiver inlet, so that refrigerant from the compressor 10 may pass to the condenser 26, or alternatively to the evaporator 56 and to the receiver 34, acting in the latter to force substantially all the refrigerant contained therein into the evaporator 56. As shown, Fig. 1, compressed refrigerant vapour from the compressor 10, driven by an I.C. engine 12, passes through a line 18, with a flexible section 22, to the inlet port of the reversing valve 24. In normal refrigeration, the valve directs refrigerant through the condenser 26 to the receiver 34, which is thermally lagged. Liquid refrigerant from the receiver passes to a coil 48 in a heat-exchanger 42, and thence to an expansion valve 52 discharging into the evaporator 56. Refrigerant vapour from the evaporator returns to the compressor via the heat-exchanger 42, line 66, an accumulator 68, a line 70 having a flexible section 74, and a throttle valve 75. For defrosting the evaporator, or when the storage space being conditioned requires heating, e.g. in cold climates, the reversing valve setting is changed to cut off the supply to the condenser, and to direct the compressed refrigerant vapour through line 76 to a coil 78 in a drip tray 80 below the evaporator and then to the evaporator inlet. From a junction 84 in line 76, a branch 86 leads to the line 30 which feeds the receiver 34, joining this line just downstream of a checkvalve 36. This vapour forces liquid refrigerant through the coil 48 and the expansion valve 52 to the evaporator. The reversing valve is actuated by suction pressure at the compressor inlet, transmitted by a line 98 with a control valve 100. The expansion valve 52 has a notch 53 in the valve seat to ensure a minimum flow of refrigerant. The throttle valve 75, which prevents overloading of the compressor, has a pressure motor 110, whose interior is at atmospheric pressure, connected to a piston 106, which is by-passed by a small passage 114. The accumulator 68, Fig. 2, is adjacent a silencer 116 in the exhaust pipe 118 of the I.C. engine 12, and heat is transmitted to the accumulator through a pair of plates 120 contacting both it and the silencer. A piston 134 of a thermostat 130 pushes the silencer and the accumulator apart to break the thermal connection between them when the temperature of the accumulator exceeds a predetermined value. In an alternative heating arrangement, the accumulator lies above a chamber containing a predetermined amount of a liquid having a predetermined boiling-point, below which chamber is an exhaust gas chamber of the I.C. engine, the three chambers being in heat transfer relationship. Specification 647,485 and U.S.A. Specification 2,992,541 are referred to.