Patent GB-871575-A (GB)
Title: Improvements in constant speed gear units
Inventor: WESTBURY ROY
IPC: F16H61/462
Filed: 1958-01-14
Abstract: 871,575. Variable-speed gear. HOBSON Ltd., H. M. Dec. 22, 1958 [Jan. 14, 1958], No. 1316/58. Class 80 (2). [Also in Groups XXVI and XXIX] A constant-speed drive between the engine of an aeroplane and an alternator comprises a driving shaft 10 fast with a planet pinion carrier supporting planet pinions P 1 , P 2 , I meshing with a ring gear 1, a sun gear S 1  fast on a driven shaft 11, and a sun gear S 2  integral with a shaft 31 driven from a rotary vane adjustable capacity hydraulic motor M, the ring gear 1 driving through a shaft 30 to a similar rotary vane adjustable capacity pump P. The pump P and the motor M are in a closed circuit formed by passages 28, 29. The capacities of the pump and the motor P, M are adjusted by movement of the piston 18 of a servomotor 47, the eccentrically adjustable casing 15 of the pump being geared by a train 21 ... 25 to the eccentrically adjustable casing 115 of the motor M and the arrangement being such that increasing the capacity of the pump P decreases the capacity of the motor M, and vice versa. The driven shaft 11 is geared through worm gearing 40 and a shaft 39 to a centrifugal governor 38 which acts via a bell-crank lever 61 upon a valve 46 through which oil under pressure is supplied by a centrifugal pump 41 to the pump-and-motorcontrol servomotor 47. At a predetermined lower speed of the driving shaft 10, the eccentricity of the control ring 115 of the motor M is zero, and the eccentricity of the control ring 15 of the pump P is a maximum so that the pump P is locked stationary. Accordingly the shaft 30 and the annulus 1 are held stationary, and drive is transmitted directly from the shaft 10 through the planet pinions P 1  to the sun gear S 1  and the driven shaft 11, the motor M and the sun gear S 2  idling. At a higher predetermined speed, the eccentricity of the control ring 15 of the pump P is zero and the eccentricity of the control ring 115 of the motor M is a maximum. Accordingly, the motor M is now locked stationary, the sun gear S 2  acts as a fixed reaction member and the annulus 1 rotates freely. Between these two speeds of the input shaft 10, a split torque drive is obtained, in part through the hydraulic gearing and in part through the direct mechanical connection. Adjustment of the eccentricities and of the capacities of the pump P and the motor M is effected automatically by the centrifugal governor 38 adjusting the servomotor 47. Between the two speeds when the motor M and the pump P are locked, oil is passed through the closed circuit 28, 29 connecting the pump and motor, this circuit including a one-way valve 32 opened automatically by the pressure of oil. Under normal working conditions, the drive is used in an overspeed condition, at a speed higher than that at which the motor M is locked. In this condition, the motor M acts as a pump supplying oil under pressure to the pump P, which then acts the motor. However, the oneway valve 32 would prevent such reverse flow. In parallel with the one-way valve 32 is a shuttle valve 34 which is normally biased by a spring 36 to close connection through passages 33 bypassing the one-way valve. On reversal of the direction of hydraulic flow, the pressure in the passage 29 acts through a duct 37 upon the base of the shuttle valve 34 which moves to a position opening connection between the passages 33 through which a slow flow of oil is obtained. Normal use of the gearing in the overspeed condition, with the functions of the pump and motor reversed, results in some hydraulic power losses, compensated for by the reduction in high pressure within the pump. In the event of failure of the governor 38, with consequent over-speeding of the driven shaft 11, a second governor 52, also driven from the shaft 11, opens a port 55 so that oil from the centrifugal pump 41 is supplied through a duct 56 to a servomotor 58 which acts directly upon the valve 46 in the direction causing a reduction in speed of the driven shaft 11. The centrifugal pump 41 is driven from the shaft 39, and draws oil from a sump 42 to pass it through a cooler 43 and a pipe 44 to the passage 29. Two alternators may be driven through two gears according to the invention, and may include electric means acting upon the valves 46 of each gear to adjust them so as to cause equal load sharing between the alternators. The Provisional Specification describes a form of the drive in which a reciprocating pump and a reciprocating motor replace the rotary pump and motor P, M. Specification 871,576 is referred to.