Patent GB-500032-A (GB)
Abstract: 500,032. Wetting &c. agents; making emulsions. GROVES, W. W. (I. G. Farbenindustrie Akt.-Ges.) April 27, 1937, No. 30005/38. Samples furnished. Divided out of 499,879. [Classes 2 (iii) and 15 (ii)] [Also in Group III] Products stated to have wetting, levelling, and emulsifying properties, suitable for use, e.g. in mercerizing and dyeing in the textile, leather and paper industries arc prepared by treating with alkali sulphite compounds having the formula RXR1XR2 wherein Rand R2 are alkyl, cycloalkyl, alkaryl or aralkyl radicles which together do not contain more than 24 carbon atoms but contain in each radicle at least one aliphatic chain of 3 or more carbon atoms, X is an ether or carboxylic ester group and R1 is an aliphatic radicle carrying at least one halogen atom. According to a modification, the said starting materials may be treated with an amine and, if necessary the resulting amino compounds reacted with alkylating and/or acylating agents which either contain, or react with the starting materials to form, groups which impart solubility to the products. Groups which cause solubility are the sulphuric acid ester and other inorganic polybasic acid ester groups, the sulphonic, carboxylic, quaternary ammonium, betaine, oxyalkyl and poly (oxyalkyl) groups. Thus, the amino compounds, if necessary may be converted into sulphamino compounds by treatment with sulphur trioxide or chlorsulphonic acid or they may be converted into quaternary ammonium compounds. They may also be reacted with (a) halogen alkyl or halogonaralkylsulphonic acids; (b) polycarboxylic acid anhydrides, e.g. anhydrides of succinic, maleic, phthalic, diglycollic and thiodiglycollic acids; (c) alkylene oxides; (d) halogen carboxylic acids of halogen sulphonic acids followed if desired by conversion into betaines; (c) with amino acids, hydroxy acids, polyhydroxy compounds or aminopolyhydroxy compounds, after conversion of the amino group into the corresponding carbamic acid chloride. The starting materials containing two ether groups may be derived on the one hand from aliphatic polyhydroxyalkylhalides, e.g. glycerinchlorhydrin and on the other from alchols such as propyl, dodecyl and naphthene alcohoLs, abietinols, menthol, borneol, methylpentylcarbinol and dipentylcarbinol or from diisopropylphenol. Alcohols obtained by the oxidation of paraffins or catalytic hydrogenation of carbon monoxide may also be used. Instead of the polyhydroxy alkylhalides their alkylene oxide derivatives may be used for the manufacture of the diethers, The starting materials containing two carboxylic ester groups may be made by esterifying the polyhydroxyalkylhalides with carboxylic acids, their halides or anhydrides, e.g. butyric, hexylic, isododecylic, naphthenic and isobutylphenoxyacetic acids or by esterifying the abovementioned alcohols with aliphatic halogen polycarboxylic acids, e.g. bromsuccinic acid. The diisoheptyl ester of brommalic acid is specified as a starting material. The products may be used in association with soap, mucilage, glue, water soluble cellulose derivatives, starch, bentonite, butanol, xylenylglycol, Glauber's salt, soda, sodium meta and pyrophosphate, trisodium phosphate, sodium borate and hypochlorite. Samples have been furnished under Sect. 2 (5) of products prepared as follows: (1) alpha : gammadioctyl-#-brompropanediolether is treated with sodium sulphite in ethylalcohol ; (2) the diesters derived from glycerinbromhydrin and a mixture of carboxylic acids obtained by the oxidation of paraffin are treated with potassium sulphite. According to the Provisional Specification X in the formula given above may be any ester group and compounds containing two sulphonic groups are mentioned. Starting materials may be prepared from butylsulphonic acid, butylbenzenesulphonic acid, hexyltoluenesulphonic dodecylbenzenesulphonic acid, diisobutylbenzenesulphonic acid, and #-chlorpropane-alpha : gammadisulphonic acid.