Patent GB-750323-A (GB)
Title: Improvements relating to the separation of gases
IPC: C07C7/11
Filed: 1953-05-21
Abstract: <PICT:0750323/IV(a)/1> Acetylene is separated continuously, by means of a selective solvent, from a gas mixture which contains acetylene as the most soluble gas, a less-soluble gas B, and a sparingly soluble gas I, by contacting the gas mixture with the solvent in absorber 1, countercurrent treatment of the solution in fractionator 2 with a mixture of acetylene and gas I in order to remove gas B, separation of acetylene in degasifier 3, and stripping of the remaining solution in stripper 4 with gas I obtained by scrubbing in vessel 5 part of the gaseous effluent from absorber 1 with solvent from stripper 4; the gaseous effluent from stripper 4 is recycled to fractionator 2.  The gases leaving fractionator 2 are mixed with the feed gases before entry into the absorber 1.  The solution of gas B obtained from scrubber 5 is returned to the absorber, while the gas not treated in scrubber 5 is removed from the system.  The whole process may operate isothermally, with a pressure of at least 10 atmospheres (e.g. 15-40 atmospheres) in the absorber and scrubber, a lower pressure, e.g. 7-17 atmospheres, in the fractionator, and substantially atmospheric pressure in the degasifier 3 and stripper 4.  Pumps and compressors are provided where necessary. Degasification in vessel 3 may be effected by reduction of pressure, heating, or both.  The solution before degasification may be heated and the liberated gas returned to the fractionator.  The composition of the gas recycling from stripper 4 to fractionator 2 may be adjusted by addition of acetylene or gas I.  In a modification, Fig. 1 (not shown) the absorption and fractionating zones are combined in a single tower and operate at the same pressure.  By means of graphs, Fig. 3 (not shown), of various equilibrium compositions of gas and liquid, the quantity of solvent to be supplied to the absorber, and the quantity and composition of gas mixture to be fed to the fractionator, may be determined. Examples describe the separation of acetylene from a gas mixture obtained by oxidation of methane and containing also carbon dioxide, carbon monoxide and hydrogen. Ethylene glycol diacetate and dimethyl formamide are used as solvents; other suitable solvents are ethylene diglycol diacetate and ethylene diglycol formate.ALSO:<PICT:0750323/III/1> A component gas A is separated continuously, by means of a selective solvent, from a gas mixture which contains component A as the most soluble gas, a less soluble gas B, and a sparingly soluble gas I, by contacting the gas mixture with the solvent in absorber 1, countercurrent treatment of the solution in fractionator 2 with a mixture of gases A and I in order to remove gas B, separation of gas A in degasifier 3, and stripping of the remaining solution in stripper 4 with gas I obtained by scrubbing in vessel 5 part of the gaseous effluent from absorber 1 with solvent from stripper 4; the gaseous effluent from stripper 4 is recycled to fractionator 2.  The gases leaving fractionator 2 are mixed with the feed gases before entry into the absorber 1.  The solution of gas B obtained from scrubber 5 is returned to the absorber, while the gas not treated in scrubber 5 is removed from the system.  The whole process may operate isothermally, with a pressure of at least 10 atmospheres (e.g. 15-40 atmospheres) in the absorber and scrubber, a lower pressure, e.g. 7-17 atmospheres, in the fractionator, and substantially atmospheric pressure in the degasifier 3 and stripper 4.  Pumps and compressors are provided where necessary.  Degasification in vessel 3 may be effected by reduction of pressure, heating, or both.  The solution before degasification may be heated and the liberated gas returned to the fractionator.  The composition of the gas recycling from stripper 4 to fractionator 2 may be adjusted by addition of component A or I. In a modification, Fig. 1 (not shown), the absorption and fractionating zones are combined in a single tower and operate at the same pressure.  By means of graphs, Fig. 3 (not shown), of various equilibrium compositions of gas and liquid, the quantity of solvent to be supplied to the absorber, and the quantity, and composition of gas mixture to be fed to the fractionator, may be determined. Examples describe the separation of acetylene from a gas mixture obtained by oxidation of methane and containing also carbon dioxide, carbon monoxide, and hydrogen.  Ethylene glycol diacetate and dimethyl formamide are used as solvents; other suitable solvents are ethylene diglycol diacetate and ethylene diglycol formate.