baber/WOPTO huggingface dataset:
Patent GB-1271135-A (GB)
Title: Photographic copying device
Inventor: DAVIS HAROLD
IPC: G03B27/50
Filed: 1969-05-22
Abstract: 1,271,135. Photo-copying apparatus. BELL & HOWELL CO. May 22, 1969, No. 26128/69. Heading G2A. A known continuous flow copying apparatus in which a photo-electric cell 12 receives light reflected from an original at a station 11 just before it passes to the photo-copying station 10, the cell being part of an electronic circuit controlling the energization of the light source 9 so as to vary its intensity inversely in proportion to the intensity of the reflected light, has the circuit modified Fig. 3 (not shown) to include a thyristor (SCR) connected in series with the light source and the power source, a switching stage (including transistors TR2, TR3) for applying a gate controlling voltage to the thyristor to vary the firing angle thereof, a resistor (51) - capacitor (52) timing network for controlling the operation of the switching stage, and an amplifier (including a transistor TR1) the input of which is a voltage inversely dependent on the light reaching the photocell 12 and the output of which is applied to the timing network. Documents 6 to be copied (shown for simplicity as a continuous web) are fed between a drive roller 5 and belts 7. Light from a document at the station 10 is reflected by a mirror 15 through a lens 16 on to the film 17, a filter 22 correlating the colour response of the film 17 and the light source 9.
Patent GB-337514-A (GB)
Title: Improvements in or relating to closures for casks and like receptacles
IPC: B65D51/02
Filed: 1929-08-28
Abstract: 337,514. Humfrey, W. A., and Associated Lead Manufacturers, Ltd. Aug. 28, 1929. Heads.-A closure for casks &c. which can be repeatedly used on vessels of different sizes consists of a sheet 11 of lead or other readily deformable metal or alloy shaped to have a conical or convex surface extending substantially to the centre for example by forming folds 12 and burning or soldering them so that the rim may be inextensible. The cover may also be formed by pressing in a mould. In use, the pointed portions of the periphery are bent over the edge of the vessel.
Patent GB-1400464-A (GB)
Title: Biocidal salts
IPC: C07D499/14
Filed: 1972-06-06
Abstract: 1400464 Antibiotic peptides SUTURES Inc 6 June 1972 [25 April 1972] 26318/72 Heading C3H [Also in Divisions A5 and C2] Novel antibiotically active salts of (i) an acidic penicillin or cephalosporin with (ii) a basic polymyxin or gentamicin are prepared by mixing together an aqueous solution containing the penicillin or cephalosporin and an aqueous solution containing the polymyxin or gentamicin to precipitate the substantially waterinsoluble salt, which is then separated from the aqueous mixture and dried. The penicillin may be Penicillin G, N, O or V, nafcillin, oxacillin or methicillin. Suitable cephalosporin antibioitcs are cephaloxin, cephaloglycin, cephaloridine and cephalothin. The polymyxin is Polymyxin B. The aqueous solutions are made up from the acidic antibiotic or preferably its Na or K salt, and a mineral acid addition salt of the basic antibiotic. The antibiotic salts are incorporated by impregnation or by precipitation in situ into bandages and other textile substrates for medical use.
Patent GB-609319-A (GB)
Title: Improvements in and relating to moulds for tyres
IPC: B29D30/54
Filed: 1945-10-09
Abstract: 609,319. Moulding and retreading tyres. AUTO TYRE SERVICES, Ltd., and KENT, J. H. F. Oct. 9, 1945. No. 26346. [Class 87(ii)] The parts 1, 2, Fig. 8, of a mould chamber for treading tyres are connected together by a hinge pin 11 about which the part 2 is free to rotate. The pin is formed eccentrically and integrally with a boss 9 free to rotate in bearings on the part 1, whereby on rotating the boss 9 by means of a hydraulic ram 43 the part 2 is moved laterally relative to the part 1, whereafter on swinging open the part 2 by means of a hydraulic ram 53, the tyre will be peeled from the mould as shown in Fig. 5. The rams 43, 53 are fed with fluid from a common supply through a valve 50 and pipes 47, 47<1>. The rams are loaded in such a manner that the ram 43 operates first. This arrangement has the advantage that as the weight of the part 2 is partly taken by the ram 53, the friction at the meeting surfaces of the parts 1,. 2 is reduced. Each mould chamber may contain several complete matrices which are pressed together by spring-loaded set screws 7, Fig. 2. The matrices are keyed to the mould chamber by keys 16, Fig. 4, to prevent relative circumferential movement. The mould chamber may be separable into more than two parts and may have two or more eccentric hinges. The chamber may be steam heated. The tyres may be mounted on rims each having an adjustable flange as described in Specification 609,320.
Patent GB-711040-A (GB)
Title: Process for the manufacture of viscose
IPC: D01F2/08
Filed: 1950-10-30
Abstract: 711,040. Viscose. TACHIKAWA, S. Oct. 30, 1950 [Nov. 21, 1949], No. 26456/50. Class 2 (2) Low alkali viscose is obtained by steeping raw cellulose with a degree of polymerization above 800 in a caustic soda solution, the concentration of which varies inversely as the degree of polymerization of the cellulose within the range of 17 per cent. by weight for 800 D.P. to 13 per cent. by weight for 1,400 D.P., at reduced pressure at the beginning and thereafter at a pressure of 1 to 15 atmospheres varying inversely with the concentration of the steeping solution, this steeping being conducted in the presence of inert gas, pressing the alkali cellulose so formed such that the ratio of the press weight of the material to the weight of the original cellulose varies inversely with the D.P. of the initial raw cellulose within the ratios of substantially 2À8 times the initial raw cellulose weight for a D.P. of 800 to 2.4 times the initial raw cellulose weight for a D.P. of 1,400, shredding the unaged alkali cellulose in an atmosphere of inert gas, xanthating the alkali cellulose by the addition of not less than 45 per cent. by weight of carbon bisulphide in the presence of inert gas at first under reduced pressure and then at a raised pressure up to approximately 12 atmospheres varying directly as the D.P. of the raw cellulose (i.e. from a D.P. of 800 to a D.P. of 1,400) and finally dissolving the sodium cellulose xanthogenate so formed in water.
Patent GB-882171-A (GB)
Title: Improvements in or relating to electrical attenuation measuring instruments
Inventor: CAMPBELL CHARLES FRANCIS
IPC: H04B3/48
Filed: 1957-08-23
Abstract: 882,171. Transmission loss measurement. AUTOMATIC TELEPHONE & ELECTRIC CO. Ltd. July 23. 1958 [Aug. 23, 1957], No. 26603/57. Class 37. Electrical measuring apparatus for the insertion loss of a transmission network wherein an oscillator output is alternately switched to and from a rectifier connected to a first capacitor which is thereby charged to a fixed value and allowed to discharge through a resistor, and also to and from a rectifier through the network under test to charge a further capacitor to a fraction of the fixed value as determined by the network insertion loss; means being provided which are effective when the first capacitor begins to discharge for measuring the time interval over which the charge of the first capacitor decreases to the value of the charge on the second capacitor; as a measure of the insertion loss. In Fig. 1 an oscillator SO and a control circuit CON constitute a sweep oscillator feeding two parallel channels one containing a test network NET and the other a chopper CHO timed by oscillator OSC to open and close for alternate half cycles. When the chopper is open, capacitors C 1 , C 2  are respectively charged over half-wave rectifiers MR 1 , MR 2  and after closure of the chopper the latter holds its charge (Fig. 3, not shown) while the former discharges over shunt resistance R1, and the charge voltages are compared in comparator COM to generate a signal at equality to cut off amplifier AMP which remains closed until controlling oscillator OSC again operates chopper CHO to cut off the sweep generator signal; when the amplifier opens and passes a constant current until the next coincidence pulse. The amplifier thus successively generates square waves each of duration t and it is shown mathematically that where α is the attenuation in nepers of the test network, and integration of the square waves in a pen recorder REC traversed in synchronism with the input oscillator sweep produces an average current trace representing the attenuation e.g. on a linear decibel scale. Control circuit CON pulses the pen control circuit as the input oscillator frequency passes through each harmonic point of 100 c/s. for calibration. In a modification (Fig. 2) a variable-frequency oscillator VO feeds the parallel channels with spot frequencies and the chopper is manually closed by a keying circuit KEY which also starts a high-frequency pulse generator GEN feeding a pulse counter COU. The generator is stopped by the comparator pulse denoting charge voltage equality and the pulse counter display indicates the insertion loss of the test network at the selected frequency.
Patent GB-336734-A (GB)
Title: Improvements relating to sliding doors for railway and like vehicles
IPC: E06B7/23
Filed: 1929-09-02
Abstract: 336,734. Spencer, Moulton, & Co., Ltd., G., and Hine, C. W. Sept. 2, 1929. Draught and weather excluders.-A draught and weather excluder for the sliding doors of railway wagons and like vehicles consists of a strip of rubber 1, with or without a thickened portion, clamped by means of a metal strip to the edge of the door and adapted to engage the side of the wagon 6. A strip mav be provided at each edge of a door which slides in both directions. The door track may be curved so that the door is pressed against the side of the wagon in closing.
Patent GB-151984-A (GB)
Title: Process for the production of ammonia from cyanides during heating in the presence of water
IPC: C01C1/08
Filed: 1920-09-17
Abstract: In the production of ammonia from cyanides which have been produced by the fixation of free nitrogen in a mass of base, carbon and a metallic catalyst, the reaction mass is discharged without cooling below the reaction temperature into the autoclave in which it is to be treated with water, with exclusion of air, and a gas not containing free oxygen is maintained above the liquid in the autoclave, thus obviating the danger of explosion of liberated hydrogen.
Patent GB-475833-A (GB)
Title: Improvements in and relating to electrolytic condensers
IPC: H01G9/042
Filed: 1936-10-01
Abstract: An electrolytic condenser comprises a container for the electrolyte of aluminium or of magnesium, zinc, or an alloy thereof, which is coated with a resistant material such as an alloy containing 75 per cent of tin and 25 per cent of copper and cadmium.  Antimony may replace the cadmium.  According to the Specification as open to inspection under Sect. 91, a coating alloy comprises tin with 8 or 10 per cent of copper. A further alloy comprises 80 per cent of tin, 12 per cent of copper, and 8 per cent of antimony or cadmium.  This subject-matter does not appear in the Specification as accepted.
Patent GB-221976-A (GB)
Title: Process for the manufacture of ú´-ú´-diacyl derivatives of diphenolisatine and its products of substitution in the phenol and isatine group
Filed: 1923-10-25
Abstract: O : O-Diacyl-diphenolisatine and derivatives thereof substituted in the phenol or isatine nuclei are prepared by treating the corresponding diphenolisatines with acylating agents at temperatures not considerably exceeding 100 DEG  C.  The products are soluble in the usual organic solvents and are hydrolyzed by warm alkalies; they have laxative properties.  According to examples (1) diphenolisatine is treated with each of the following:-acetic anhydride, acetic anhydride and sulphuric acid in benzene, acetic acid and phosphorus oxychloride in benzene, acetyl chloride and pyridine, benzoyl chloride and alkali, p-toluenesulphonic chloride and alkali, chloroformic ester and alkali; (2) di-guaiacolisatine is treated with phenylacetic acid and phosphorus oxychloride in benzene, or with cinnamic chloride and caustic soda in acetone, or with chloroformic ester and caustic soda; (3) di-o-cresol-4-chlorisatine is benzoylated with benzoyl chloride and alkali; (4) di-o-cresolisatine is acetylated with acetic anhydride and a little sulphuric acid. Di-guaiacolisatine, di-o-cresolisatine, and di-o-cresol-4-chlorisatine are prepared by condensing the corresponding phenols with isatine or 4-chlorisatine in the presence of mineral acid in the manner known for diphenolisatine.
Patent GB-666827-A (GB)
Title: Improvements in or relating to method of and apparatus for simultaneously heat treating opposite sides of a quench-hardenable material
IPC: C21D1/10
Filed: 1949-10-18
Abstract: 666,827. Annealing. OHIO CRANKSHAFT CO. Oct. 18, 1949. [Feb. 23, 1949] No. 26728/49. Class 72. [Also' in Group XI] In a method of heat treating the surfaces of opposite sides of a relatively thin- ¢-¥ inch - workpiece, one surface is progressively heated a n d quenched and the other surface progressively heated and quenched, the application of heat to the second surface being at a point opposite to that of quenching the first surface. As shown, applied to hardening the inner and outer surfaces of a track link bushing 10, a high frequency heating and quenching head 13 produces a hardened skin on the inner surface and a second heating and quenching head, positioned so that the heating coil 20 is opposite the quenching spray 17 of the inner head, produces a hard skin on the outside, the material between being relatively soft. The heads may move along the stationary bush or the bush be moved past the heads. A permeable coil may be adjustably mounted in the inner head in order to balance the heating effects of both coils.
Patent GB-361461-A (GB)
Title: Process of treating vegetable products containing fats
IPC: C11B1/02
Filed: 1930-09-08
Abstract: Fatty oils are extracted from vegetable or other materials containing nitrogenous material, such as cocoa nibs, or corn or wheat germs, or cotton seeds, by treating an aqueous suspension of the material with a mixture of proteolytic enzymes such as papain, pepsin, rennin, or trypsin, whereby the proteins are solubilized and the fats liberated without fermentation taking place.  Ground cocoa nibs, heated with water to 120 DEG  F., are treated with a mixture of papain and pepsin.  The temperature is raised to 180 DEG  F. and cacao butter is added to act as a "seeding" agent.  The liberated fat rises to the surface.  A further amount of fat is obtained by diluting the mother liquor.  The mother liquor is filtered, and concentrated in vacuo. The concentrate is heated with lime, and the dry product treated with alcohol to extract the theobromine therefrom.  Alternatively, the concentrate is extracted with alcohol or benzene, and the extract is separated. When using alcohol the peptized proteins are precipitated by diluting with water.  The theobromine-free residue constitutes a peptone-containing food product suitable as a base for making meat extracts or candy.ALSO:In a process for extracting fats from ground cocoa nibs by treating an aqueous suspension of the material with proteolytic enzymes, the mother liquor containing peptized proteins and enzymes obtained after removal of the fat, is treated to extract the theobromine therefrom.  The liquor is filtered and is concentrated in vacuo.  The residue is then extracted with benzene or alcohol and the extract is evaporated to yield theobromine. Alternatively the mother liquor may be concentrated in vacuo with lime and the theobromine extracted from the residue with alcohol.ALSO:In a process for extracting fat from ground cocoa nibs, by treating an aqueous suspension of the material with proteolytic enzymes, the mother liquor containing peptized proteins, enzymes, &c., obtained after removal of fat, is filtered to remove fibre &c. and the filtrate is concentrated in vacuo.  Lime may be added during the concentration.  The concentrate is treated with a solvent such as benzene or alcohol to extract the theobromine therefrom, and the residue constitutes a peptone-containing food product suitable for use as a base in the preparation of candy or meat extracts.  When using alcohol the proteins are precipitated by diluting with water.
Patent GB-1511531-A (GB)
Title: Metal insulator semiconductor field effect transistor devices
IPC: H01L29/78
Filed: 1975-06-24
Abstract: 1511531 IGFET structures SONY CORP 24 June 1975 [24 June 1974] 26754/75 Heading H1K In a semiconductor structure comprising at least one IGFET at least those parts of the field insulation underlying electrode or interconnection layers consist of over overlie a silicon dioxide coated layer of polycrystalline silicon containing from 2 to 40 atomic per cent of oxygen to prevent formation of parasitic inversion layers. In the CMOS structure shown in Figs. 4 and 5, otherwise formed by conventional techniques, a layer of polycrystalline silicon 20 containing 2-40 atomic per cent (preferably 32 %) of oxygen is formed by deposition from a flowing mixture of silane and nitrous oxide with the silicon substrate 1 at 650‹ C. to a thickness of 3000 Š to give a grain size range from 100-1000 Š, and has apertures formed at the IGFET channel regions, a silicon dioxide layer being deposited overall to a thickness of 8000 Š and electrodes provided in conventional manner. Conventional channel stopper regions of P+ and N + type though not essential, may additionally be provided around the P and N channel IGFET respectively. Specication 1,496,814 is referred to.
Patent GB-1372819-A (GB)
Title: Liquid crystal cell
IPC: C08L27/12
Filed: 1973-06-05
Abstract: 1372819 Liquid crystal cells ASAHI GLASS CO Ltd 5 June 1973 [6 June 1972] 26853/73 Heading H4F In a liquid crystal cell comprising a pair of plates and liquid crystal material therebetween, the plates are spaced, and sealed together, by a material comprising a copolymer of ethylene (preferably 30-60 molar per cent) and either tetrafluoroethylene or chlorotrifluoroethylene. Small amounts of a modifier or another comonomer such as propylene, isobutylene, vinyl fluoride, hexafluoropropylene or perfluorovinyl ether may be added to the polymerization reactants. Preferred physical properties of the copolymer are described. Spacing elements of a predetermined average size may be incorporated in the sealing material, particularly glass or ceramic beads. In the preferred embodiment, the internal surfaces of the plates are covered by a conductive film. Strips of the sealing material are laid near the periphery of one plate, and the other plate laid thereon while pressure and heat are applied. Holes are left at two corners of one plate for the introduction of the liquid crystal material and the exit of air, and are subsequently sealed. The other two corners are radiussed, by providing extra pieces of material before sealing, to prevent the occlusion of air bubbles.
Patent GB-1125864-A (GB)
Title: Improvements in or relating to radio receivers
IPC: G08G1/09
Filed: 1967-06-12
Abstract: 1,125,864. Radio signalling; frequency discriminators. PHILIPS ELECTRONIC & ASSOCIATED INDUSTRIES Ltd. 12 June, 1967 [15 June, 1966], No. 26936/67. Headings H3A and H4L. In a system for transmitting special messages over the broadcasting system, in which the message is transformed to a frequency range above the normal audio band by modulating a sub-carrier, the receiver is provided with means for blocking automatically the broadcast signals when a message signal is received. As shown, the received signal, which is assumed to be FM for both the main carrier and sub-carrier, is supplied from the normal demodulator to the terminal IN and with no additional message signal is supplied via transistor T 1  and terminals UT to the output stage. The branch circuit for the message signal may be connected by a manually operated switch S 1  and includes a filter F 1  which selects the modulated subcarrier. The output of the filter is amplified by transistor T 3  and supplied via a half-wave rectifier D 2  to a transistor T 4  which is driven into a bottomed condition to produce a rectangular wave at its collector, this voltage charging a capacitor C 1  via a transistor T 2  and diode D 1 . The capacitor C 1  in its charged condition causes transistor T 1  to be cut off and transistor T 6  to conduct and in its discharged condition the reverse occurs. The signal at the collector of T 4  is differentiated by capacitor C 2 , the resulting positive pulses charging a capacitor C 3  via diode D 3  and the negative pulses charging capacitor C 4  via diode D 4 , the time constants being arranged so that the voltage across the capacitors varies in accordance with the frequency variations of the sub-carrier. The demodulated signal is supplied via transistors T 5 , T 6  to the output UT. Instead of using the sub-carrier to switch over T 1  and T 6  a special control frequency may be transmitted on the main carrier.
Patent GB-204535-A (GB)
Title: Improvements in or relating to built-up metal towers, particularly those for crane stagings employed in the construction of buildings
IPC: E04H12/10
Filed: 1922-10-05
Abstract: 204,535. Skelton, J., Skelton, L. J., and Skelton, J. Oct. 5, 1922. Scaffolding and staging.-Towers for crane scaffolds are formed right-angled triangular in section with channel bars a at each acute angle and a right-angled bar at the right-angle. The side bars are joined by bracing bars, forming an openwork structure. To form a crane scaffold, three towers are disposed in the form of a rightangled triangle and connected at their upper ends by cross lattice beams B, supplementary lattice beam B<1> being used if necessary. A deep girder C connects the middle of the longest girder B with the opposite tower A, and is arranged to support a platform b.
Patent GB-809403-A (GB)
Title: Collecting electrode for electrofilters
IPC: B03C3/47
Filed: 1957-08-27
Abstract: 809,403. Electrostatic precipitation. SVENSKA FLAKTFABRIKEN A.B. Aug.2 7, 1957 [Aug. 27, 1956], No. 26986/57. Class 39(1). In an electrostatic precipitator in which emission electrodes 4 and collecting electrodes 5, Fig. 1, are arranged in alternate rows parallel to the horizontal gas flow indicated by arrows the collecting electrodes are vertical plane plates, each provided with pairs of equally spaced triangular pockets 6, projecting on opposite sides to facilitate removal and collection of dust. In a modification, electrodes 5 are made up of a number of sections 5a, 5b, Fig. 2, bent in opposite directions at their ends to form pockets 6 in which branches 10, 11 make different angles with plane 9 of the plates and portion 10 is directed towards the gas flow. Adjacent electrodes are joined at the point 12.
Patent GB-973949-A (GB)
Title: Production of unsaturated hydrocarbons
IPC: C07C5/56
Filed: 1963-07-08
Abstract: Hydrocarbons are dehydrogenated by reaction in the vapour phase at elevated temperature with oxygen and iodine at a mol. ratio of iodine to hydrocarbon of 0.0001-1.0 provided that when this ratio is greater than 0.1 the mol. ratio of oxygen to iodine should be greater than 2.0.  The products are the corresponding olefinically, polyolefinically or aromatically unsaturated hydrocarbons; preferably the feed contains 2-20 carbons. Temperatures of 450-800 DEG  C. are used with reaction times of 0.01-60 seconds.  The reaction chamber may be packed, e.g. with alundum, which may be treated with sodium chloride, sodium pyrophosphate, sodium silicate, potassium phosphate or sodium borate, glass wool, glass beads, carborundum, activated charcoal or lithium fluoride. The iodine may be added as hydrogen iodide, e.g. aqueous hydrogen iodide containing iodine separated from the reaction effluent. Ethylene, propylene, butenes, butadiene, pentenes, isoprene, octenes and 8-carbon aromatics are obtained as products in the examples.