Patent GB-391180-A (GB)
Title: Improvements relating to apparatus for attenuating sound waves by resonance
IPC: F01N1/04
Filed: 1931-07-16
Abstract: 391,180. Acoustic filters; silencers for gaseous currents. GENERAL MOTORS RESEARCH CORPORATION, Detroit, Michigan, U.S.A. July 16, 1931, No. 20401. Convention date, July 25, 1930. [Class 7 (ii).] Sound-wave attenuating apparatus, applicable as a silencer for induced or exhausted gaseous currents, comprises a number of resonators connected in series, one being connected with the space in which the sound waves occur. The apparatus, in the case of an engine, may be located at the end of the exhaust pipe, at the carburetter air inlet or on the induction manifold, and, in the latter case particularly in which one resonator only may be employed, it is stated to increase the power of the engine. The apparatus, referred to as a " resonance unit," consists in one form of a shell 16, Fig. 2, with ends 17, 18. Between the end 17 and a partition 21, both of which are lined with mats 27, 28 of sound-absorbing material, are inlets 26 for the air to be silenced. The compartment 20 is divided by a partition 36 into a primary resonance chamber 34 and a secondary resonance chamber 35, these chambers being connected by a tube 37. Ports 38, 39 place the chambers in communication with the atmosphere and serve at the same time as drain openings. To the end 18 is secured a tube 25 which extends beyond and is of larger diameter than a tube 24 attached to the partition 21. The low-frequency vibrations are absorbed by resonance of the chambers 34, 35 whilst the high-frequency vibrations, apparent as a " hiss," are absorbed by the mats 27, 28. The resonance unit 13, Fig. 3, through which there is no actual flow and which is particularly adapted to be placed on the induction manifold, consists of a cylindrical shell 40 divided by a partition 46 into a primary resonance chamber 44 and a sub-primary chamber 45, the latter having a tube 47 which extends into a tube 43 from the chamber 44. Twelve modified constructions are described, the modifications residing in the number of resonance chambers employed and the manner in which such chambers are connected one with another and with the conduit in which the sound waves occur. As examples : in Fig. 5, the interior of a casing 70 is divided by a partition 76 into a primary resonance chamber 74 and a secondary chamber 75, these chambers being in intercommunication through an aperture 78. The sound-wave conduit 73 communicates with chamber 74 through an aperture 77. In a modification of this construction, Fig. 7 (not shown), the tube 73 is perforated and surrounded by sound-absorbing material, or it may be made of moulded material known under the registered Trade Mark " Celotex." In Fig. 6, a casing 80 encloses a cup-shaped member 82 within which is a tube 84 connected to the air inlet of a carburetter. Primary, secondary and tertiary chambers 86, 87, 88 are connected with one another and with the cupshaped member by tubes 92, 93, 91. In Fig. 8, there are primary chambers 127, 128 and secondary chambers 129, 130, the former being connected to the conduit 123 by tubes 131, 132, the chambers being interconnected by tubes 133, 134, 135. Any of the resonance chambers may take the form of tuning pipes, Fig. 10 (not shown). In Fig. 13, the interior of the shell 200 is divided by partitions 208 .. 211 into primary chambers 203, 204, secondary chambers 205, 206, and a compartment 207 for the entry of the gaseous stream which may be connected to the air intake of a carburetter by a tube 213. Communication between the various chambers &c. is effected by tubes 214 .. 219. In Fig. 15, outer and inner shells 260, 261 are provided, the inner shell being divided by partition 268 into a primary chamber 266 and a secondary chamber 267. Tubes 269, 270 connect the primary chamber with the gas conduit 265 and the secondary chamber respectively. To silence " hiss " the closed end of the outer shell may be lined with a suitable sound-absorbing material 271 held in place by a wire mesh screen 272. Any or all of the resonance chambers may be lined with sound-absorbing material.