Patent GB-469642-A (GB)
Title: Manufacture of emulsions
IPC: C09K23/00
Filed: 1936-12-18
Abstract: Emulsifying-agents comprise mixtures of fatty acids of high molecular weight which contain no groups other than --COOH capable of reacting with bases, and secondary or tertiary cycloaliphatic bases which contain no hydroxy groups, preferably in approximately molecular porportions.  Suitable fatty acids having branched or straight chains of 9--20 carbon atoms include coconut fatty acids, lauric acid, palmitic acid, stearic acid, hardened train oil acids; unsaturated acids, e.g. oleic acid, ricinoleic acid, poppy seed oil acids, linoleic acid, train oil acids; cyclo-aliphatic acids, resin acids and naphthenic acids.  Suitable bases comprise the hydrogenation products of dimethylaniline, diethylaniline, mono-ethylaniline, dimethyl-p-toluidine, mono-methyl-o-toluidine, and mono-ethyl-o-toluidine, e.g. dimethyl- or diethyl-cyclohexylamine, monomethyl- or mono-ethyl-cyclohexylamine.ALSO:Emulsions of hydrophobe lipophil products are made with the aid of mixtures of fatty acids of high molecular weight which contain no groups other than COOH capable of reacting with bases, and secondary or tertiary cycloaliphatic bases which contain no hydroxy groups, preferably in approximately molecular proportions. The above mixtures consist of or contain salts of the fatty acids with the amines.  Suitable fatty acids having branched or straight chains of 9--20 carbon atoms include coconut fatty acids, lauric acid, palmitic acid, stearic acid, hardened train oil acid; unsaturated acids, e.g. oleic acid, ricinoleic acid, poppy seed oil acids, linoleic acid, train oil acids; cyclo-aliphatic acids, resin acids, or napthenic acids. Suitable bases comprise the hydrogenation products of dimethylaniline, diethylaniline, mono-ethylaniline, dimethyl-p.-toluidine, mono-methyl-o-toluidine, and mono-ethyl-o-toluidine.  The emulsifying agent may be added as such or in the form of its constituents to the hydrophobe lipophil body, such mixtures being stable, and readily emulsified by the addition of water when required.  Alternatively, the emulsifier may be mixed with water and added with stirring to the body to be emulsified.  Products which may be emulsified include aliphatic or aromatic hydrocarbons, e.g. benzine, petroleum, petroleum jelly, paraffin oil, benzene, solvent naphtha, tetra- and deca-hydronaphthalenes; chlorinated hydrocarbons, e.g. tetrachlorethane, chlorbenzene, chlornaphthalenes such as a -chlornapthalene; nitrobenzene and other nitrobodies; water-insoluble amines, e.g. dimethylaniline or diethyl-a -napthylamine; glycerides, e.g. animal or vegetable fats as coco-butter, tallow, or olive oil; waxes, e.g. spermaceti; higher alcohols, e.g. olein alcohol; or higher fatty acids, e.g. oleic acid. According to examples, (1) 127 pts. of dimethyl cyclohexylamine are mixed with 282 pts. oleic acid and heated to 60--70 DEG  C.  The product is liquid and soluble in mineral and fatty oils.  5--10 pts. of the emulsifier are dissolved in 100 pts. mineral oil, e.g. diesel oil and emulsified in 4--5 pts. water with stirring.  The emulsion may be diluted.  Mono-methyl-, mono-ethyl-or diethylcyclohexylamine oleate may be used as emulsifying agent; (2) 10 pts. of the above emulsifier are dissolved in 100 pts. cod liver oil.  A stable emulsion is produced by stirring water into this mixture; (3) 127 pts. dimethylcyclohexylamine are mixed with 278 pts. linoleic acid and heated to 60--70 DEG  C. 10 pts. of the product are dissolved in 50 pts. mineral oil and 50 pts. a -chlornaphthalene, and a pest-destroying emulsion is obtained by mixing with water and diluting it; (4) 5--10 pts. of the emulsifier described in example 3 are stirred into 100 pts. of castor oil, and the product emulsified by stirring water into it.  The emulsion may be used in the textile industry.  Olive oil or poppyseed oil may be similarly emulsified; (5) 10 pts. of an emulsifying agent made from oleic acid and diethylcyclohexylamine are dissolved in 20 pts. mineral oil and 60 pts. neat's foot oil.  The clear oil is emulsified by stirring water into it; (6) 10 pts. of the emulsifier described in example 1 are stirred into molten mixture of 90 pts. paraffin wax and 10 pts. beeswax, and the whole is diluted with a solution of Marseilles soap until the paraffin wax content is 20 per cent.  The emulsion may be used as a textile assistant; (7) 100 pts. derris root resin are dissolved in 100 pts. solvent naptha and mixed with 20 pts. of the emulsifier described in example 1.  A concentrated emulsion is obtained by stirring 1 pt. of the above mixture into 2 pts. of a 1 per cent ammonia solution.  This emulsion may be diluted as desired.ALSO:Mixtures of fatty acids of high molecular weight which contain no groups other than -COOH capable of reacting with bases and secondary or tertiary cycloaliphatic bases which contain no hydroxy groups, preferably in approximately molecular proportions are used as emulsifying agents.  The above mixtures consist of or contain salts of the fatty acids with the amines.  According to examples: (2) dimethyl - cyclohexylamine oleate is dissolved in cod liver oil and an emulsion obtained by stirring water into the mixture; (3) a pest-destroying composition is obtained by emulsifying a mixture of mineral oil and a -chlornaphthalene with dimethylcyclohexylamine linoleate; (7) derris root resin is dissolved in solvent naphtha and mixed with dimethylcyclohexylamine oleate.  The mixture is emulsified by stirring into dilute ammonia.