Patent GB-450159-A (GB)
Title: Improvements in the production of lubricated artificial filaments, yarns and the like
IPC: D01F2/30
Filed: 1935-01-10
Abstract: Emulsions of hydrocarbon lubricants containing phosphatides as stabilizers are employed for lubricating artificial filaments, fibres, yarns, and like materials.  The lubricant may be applied to the materials in the form of an aqueous emulsion, or emulsified in the solutions from which the materials are formed.  The lubricant is preferably petroleum oil or jelly or other mineral hydrocarbon oil. The phosphatide is preferably lecithin and it may be derived from seeds and cereal grains and may be pure or in commercial form such as the commercial ether-extracted phosphatide of soya beans.  The filaments may be of cellulose acetate or other cellulose organic ester or ether The lubricant dressing may be in the form of an emulsion of oil, water, and lecithin, or the water may be replaced in part by glycol, diethylene glycol, or glycerol.  It may be applied to artificial filaments continuously with their production.  Pigments, fillers, dyes, lakes, sizes, fire retardants, de-electrifiers such as glycol or glycerine oleates or stearates, fatty acid salts of triethanolamine, calcium chloride or nitrite and plasticizers may be applied to or incorporated with the filaments together with or separately from the lubricating composition.  In an example, mineral oil and lecithin are dissolved together and then added with agitation and heating to a solution of cellulose acetate in aqueous acetone. The solution is extruded into an evaporative medium to form bright, soft filaments which do not require further lubrication for knitting processes.  Knitted goods made from the lubricated yarns may be dyed without creasing even when a wetting-out treatment is omitted.  The Specification as open to inspection under Sect. 91 comprises also the application of the process to the treatment or production of artificial films, foils, tubes, and rods, and the use of emulsions comprising mixtures of animal or vegetable oils with the hydrocarbon lubricants.  Dispersion media such as polyhydric alcohols may be used instead of water.  This subject-matter does not appear in the Specification as accepted.ALSO:Emulsions of hydrocarbon lubricants containing phosphatides as stabilizers are employed for lubricating artificial filaments, fibres, yarns and like materials.  The lubricant may be applied to the materials in the form of an aqueous emulsion, or emulsified in the solutions from which the materials are formed.  The lubricant is preferably petroleum oil or jelly or other mineral hydrocarbon oil.  The phosphatide is preferably lecithin and it may be derived from seeds and cereal grains and may be pure or in commercial form such as the commercial ether-extracted phosphatide of soya beans.  The filaments may be of cellulose acetate or other cellulose organic ester or ether.  The lubricant dressing may be in the form of an emulsion of oil, water, and lecithin, or the water may be partly replaced by glycol, diethylene glycol, or glycerol. Pigments, fillers, dyes, lakes, sizes, fire retardants, de-electrifiers such as glycol or glycerine oleates or stearates, fatty acid salts of triethanolamine, calcium chloride or nitrite and plasticizers may be applied to the filaments together with or separately from the lubricating composition.  In an example, mineral oil and lecithin are dissolved together and then added with agitation and heating to a solution of cellulose acetate in aqueous acetone. The solution is extruded into an evaporative medium to form bright, soft filaments which do not require further lubrication for knitting processes.  The Specification as open to inspection under Sect. 91 comprises also the application of the process to the treatment of artificial films, foils, tubes, and rods, and the use of emulsions comprising mixtures of animal or vegetable oils with the hydrocarbon lubricants.  Dispersion media such as polyhydric alcohols may be used instead of water.  This subject-matter does not appear in the Specification as accepted.