Patent GB-951160-A (GB)
Title: Computer memory system
IPC: G06F12/12
Filed: 1963-01-14
Abstract: 951,160. Data storage. NATIONAL CASH REGISTER CO. Jan. 14, 1963 [March 5, 1962], No. 1583/63. Heading G4C. A computer system includes a main store and a relatively small "look-aside" store for storing a plurality of data words and their store addresses, such that when an address is required to be accessed the address is compared with the addresses in the look-aside store and if the required address is in the look-aside store, the associated word is accessed, but if the required address is not in the look-aside store, the word with the required address is transferred to an empty location in the look-aside store. The arrangement described comprises a central processor unit 21,peripheral equipment 23 and a memory 20 having an address register L and a data register M. The memory 20 includes a main magnetic core store 22 having an address register A and a data register B, and a "look-aside" unit 24 comprising an address comparator 25 and seven data storage registers 10-16 having associated address registers 10a-16a, "analogue usage" indicators 10b-16b and "alteration" indicators 10c-16c. Both address words and data words each comprise twelve binary digits and the store 22 has a capacity of 4096 words. Operation. (1) "Read" when accessed word is in look-aside unit: The required address is placed in the register L and compared in the comparator 25 with the addresses in the registers 10a-16a. Assuming that the required word is in the register 10, outputs Ks 1 , Ks 10  are produced, the output Ks 1  causing memory control circuit 28 to provide control signals for the M register, and the output Ks 10  causing the transfer of the contents of the register 10 to the M register during the following operating cycle. (2) "Write" when accessed word is in lookaside unit: An address and word are placed in the L and M register by the processor 21 which also sets the memory control unit 28 to initiate a "write" operation. Assuming that the required address is in the register 10a, the comparator 25 provides signals Ks 1 , KS 10  to cause the contents of the M register to be written into the register 10, the alteration indicator 10c being set to indicate that the word in register 10 has been altered. (3) "Read" when accessed word is not in lookaside unit 24; The comparator 25 provides a signal Ks 1  indicating that the required address is not in the look-aside unit 24. Assuming that the analogue indicator 10b is set, indicating that register 10 contains the least-used word in the look-aside unit 24, then, if the alteration indicator 10c is set, this word and its address are transferred to the registers B, A to be written back into the main store 22. The address of the new word in the L register is transferred to the register 10a and main store operating cycles are initiated during the first of which the "displaced" word is written back from the B register into the store 22 and during the second of which the new address in the register 10a is transferred to the A register and the addressed word read out from the store to the B register. A "look-aside" operating cycle is then initiated to transfer the new word from the B register to the register 10. The control unit 28 provides for continuing look-aside operating cycles while the main store operating cycles take place. If the alteration indicator 10c was not set, the first main store cycle is omitted as unnecessary. (4) "Write" when accessed word is not in look-aside unit 24: The word and its address are placed in the M and L registers. A Ks 1  signal from the comparator, indicating that the address is not in the look-aside unit is effective to cause the word in register 10, assumed to be indicated by indicator 10b as the least-used word, to be displaced and the new word to be written into the register 10, the alteration indicator 10c being set to indicate the presence of a new word in register 10. If the alteration indicator 10c was set originally, the displaced word is written back into the main store 22. Modification. In a modification (Fig. 2, not shown), the core store 22 is replaced by a magnetic drum store.