Patent GB-1252340-A (GB)
IPC: B60R1/02
Filed: 1969-08-06
Abstract: 1,252,340. Gas turbine engine fuel systems. BENDIX CORP. Aug. 6, 1969 [Aug. 20, 1968], No. 39357/69. Heading F1G. A fuel control for a free-turbine type gas turbine engine comprises a first governor 180 responsive to the compressor speed for operating a fuel metering valve 86 as a function of a first control means (a manual throttle control 69), a pressureresponsive means (a diaphragm 232) for resetting the first governor under the influence of a variable pressure controlled as a function of a second control means (a manual control 274) by a second governor 262 responsive to the speed of the free turbine, an accumulator 350 being provided to stabilize the operation by preventing rapid fluctuations of the variable pressure, and the first and second control means being inter-connected for immediately resetting the first governor in response to a change of load condition on the second governor. The manual throttle control 69 acts upon a lever 164 to vary the tension of a spring 166 tending to move a lever 168 in a direction to close a valve 144. The compressor-speed governor 180 tends to move a lever 190 in opposition to a spring 194 anchored at 196 to the lever 168 to open a valve 146. The valves 144, 146 from leak-off valves connected in series with fixed restrictors 136, 138 respectively, the restrictors being connected at their upstream ends to a line 54 at the compressor delivery pressure. The fuel metering valve 86 is operated through linkage 126 by a bellows 122 subjected on opposite sides to the pressures downstream of the restrictors 136, 138 and by an evacuated capsule 204 subjected externally to the pressure downstream of the restrictor 138, the pressure drop across the metering valve being maintained substantially constant by a by-pass valve 94 actuated by a diaphragm 92 subjected to the pressure drop. During acceleration, the governor 180 moves the lever 190 to open the valve 146, the resultant decrease of pressure inside the bellows 122 causing the metering valve 86 to move downwardly to increase the fuel supply. Further movement of the lever 190 causes it to engage the lever 168 and move the latter to open the valve 144. This decreases the pressure outside the bellows 122 to cause the metering valve 86 to move upwardly to decrease the fuel supply, thereby establishing a steady state condition for the particular position of the throttle control 69. When the throttle control 69 is moved in the direction to decelerate, it relaxes the spring 166, allowing the lever 168 to move to open the valve 144, thereby decreasing the external pressure on the bellows 122 to move the metering valve 86 in the closing direction. Until the bellows 122 has expanded to the extent that it seats against an adjustable stop 200, the metering valve 86 is controlled by the evacuated capsule 204 in response to changes in compressor delivery pressure. The governor 262 driven by the free-turbine controls a leak-off valve 336 downstream of a fixed restrictor 340 connected via a passage 314 to a substantially constant pressure derived by a pressure-regulating valve 310 from the compressor delivery pressure in line 54. The substantially constant pressure is applied via a conduit 326 to one side of the diaphragm 232, and the variable pressure downstream of the restrictor 340 is applied via a conduit 298, the accumulator 350 and a conduit 300 to the other side of the diaphragm. The diaphragm 232 is connected to the lever 168 by a rod 246, whereby as the speed of the freeturbine alters in response to a change in the load upon it, the rod 246 is moved to produce a change in the opening of the valve 144 and hence of the metering valve 86 which will produce a change in the compressor speed in the direction appropriate to the change of load. The accumulator 350 prevents unstable operation. To permit a rapid response to a change in load without incurring the time lag produced by the accumulator, but without interfering with the stablizing effect of the accumulator, the manual control 370 for altering the load, e.g. by changing the collective pitch in the case of a helicopter rotor, is connected to a lever 274 which adjusts the force of the controlling spring 282 of the governor 262, and is also connected by lever 372 and linkage 376 to the lever 164 of the governor 180. The movement of the lever 164 produces an immediate change in the position of the metering valve 86 while the movement of the lever 274 subsequently provides a smooth transition to the final stabilized position of the metering valve via the accumulator 350 and diaphragm 232. The linkage 376 may be replaced by a pneumatic cylinder or bellows connected to chamber 242 and operated by the lever 372 to increase momentarily the pressure in the chamber when the load is reduced. In this case a restriction is preferably included in the conduit 326. An electrical or hydraulic connection may be used instead.