Patent GB-804952-A (GB)
Title: Improvements in textiles and sizing compositions
IPC: D06M15/263
Filed: 1955-06-06
Abstract: A textile size comprises an aqueous solution or dispersion of an hydrophilic polymeric colloid and an ammonium or alkali metal salt of a copolymer consisting exclusively of 5 to 20 mol. per cent of acrylic or methacrylic acid with 80 to 95 mol. per cent of at least one ester consisting of the acrylates or methacrylates of aliphatic alcohols having from 1 to 18 carbon atoms, a sufficient proportion amounting to at least 50 mol. per cent of the total ester component of the copolymer being selected from acrylates of primary and secondary acylic alcohols having from 1 to 18 carbon atoms, methacrylates of primary and secondary acyclic alcohols having 6 to 18 carbon atoms, and mixtures thereof.  Copolymers specified are ethyl acrylate/acrylic acid, ethyl acrylate/methacrylic acid, butyl acrylate/acrylic acid, propyl acrylate/methacryclic acid, ethyl acrylate/butyl acrylate/methacrylic acid, ethyl acrylate/butyl methacrylate/methacrylic acid, ethyl acrylate/lauryl acrylate/methacrylic acid, methyl methacrylate/octyl methacrylate/methacrylic acid and methyl methacrylate/lauryl methacrylate/methacrylic acid.  The solution or dispersion of the copolymer contains hydrophilic colloids such as starch, chlorinated starch, starch acetate, ethylene oxide modified starch, dextrins, sodium carboxymethyl and carboxyethyl cellulose, methyl cellulose, hydroxyethyl cellulose, polyvinyl alcohol, partially hydrolysed polyvinyl acetate, gelatin, casein, gum arabic and tragacanth; and may also contain lubricants such as mineral oil, paraffin wax, animal and vegetable fats and oils, tallow, ethylene oxide modified long chain fatty acids alcohols or amines, turkey red oil, monostearin and ethylene oxide modified sorbitan monolaurate; and swelling agents such as diethylenetriamine, triethylenetetramine and tetraethylene pentamine.ALSO:A dry, sized textile comprising hydrophobic filamentary material carries thereon 1-20 per cent of a water-dispersible ammonium or alkali metal salt of a copolymer consisting exclusively of 5 to 20 mol. per cent of acrylic or methacrylic acid with 80 to 95 mol. per cent of at least one ester consisting of the acrylates or methacrylates of aliphatic alcohols having from 1 to 18 carbon atoms, a sufficient proportion amounting to at least 50 mol. per cent of the total ester component of the copolymer being selected from acrylates of primary and secondary acyclic alcohols having from 1 to 18 carbon atoms, methacrylates of primary and secondary acyclic alcohols having 6 to 18 carbon atoms and mixtures thereof, to impart to the copolymer a Knoop hardness of not over 7, and a hydrophilic polymeric colloid, the sizing being readily removable by common scouring operations.  The hydrophobic filamentary material may be of nylon, polyethylene terephthalate, acrylonitrile polymers, vinyl and vinylidene chloride copolymers and cellulose acetate.  The copolymer salt is applied to the textile in an aqueous solution or dispersion which contains a hydrophilic colloid such as starch, chlorinated starch, starch acetate, ethylene oxide modified starch, dextrins, sodium carboxymethyl cellulose and carboxyethyl cellulose, methyl cellulose, hydroxyethyl cellulose, polyvinyl alcohol, partially hydrolysed polyvinyl acetate, gelatin, casein, gum arabic and tragacanth; and may also contain lubricants such as mineral oil, paraffin wax, animal and vegetable fats and oils, tallow, ethylene oxide modified long-chain fatty acids, alcohols or amines, turkey red oil, monostearin and sorbitan monolaurate modified with ethylene oxide; and swelling agents such as diethylenetriamine, triethylenetetramine and tetraethylenepentamine.