baber/WOPTO huggingface dataset:
Patent GB-1448471-A (GB)
Title: Method of and apparatus for ultrasonic testing
IPC: G01N29/30
Filed: 1973-08-03
Abstract: 1448471 Ultrasonic inspection devices KRAUTKRAMER GmbH 3 Aug 1973 [3 Aug 1972] 37053/73 Heading H4D In a method of ultrasonic testing of a specimen by transmitting a pulse 10, Fig. 7, into the specimen and evaluating pulses reflected from defects, compensation for variations in the attentuation properties of the material of the specimen is effected by deriving a reference signal from a plurality of pluses 12 which are back-scattered from the structure of the specimen material and employing the reference signal to vary the energy of the transmitted pulse 10. The reference signal is derived by integrating the pulses 12 which are separated out from the received reflected signal train by a gating signal 15 which is timed to exclude both the pulse 11 which originates from the entry surface of the specimen and any pulses which are due to defects. The reference signal may in addition be employed to control the sensitivity of the pulse receiver. An apparatus is described with reference to Fig. 9 (not shown) which has a plurality of ultrasonic crystal probes for applying pulses to and receiving reflected pulses from a specimen, the arrangement being switchable so that measurement may be either direct, i.e. the transmitted and reflected defect pulses are passed through the same probe, or indirect, i.e. the transmitted pulse enters via one probe and the reflected defect pulses are detected by a second probe. In each case the reference signal for attenuation compensation is derived from back-scattered pulses received at the transmitting probe. Further probes are provided which transmit pulses perpendicular to the specimen surface and respond to pulses reflected from the specimen back wall to furnish a second reference signal which is employed to compensate for the coupling quality between the probes and specimen. Both the first and second reference signals control attenuator pads connected in the transmitting and receiving signal paths. Figs. 1-4 (not shown) illustrate constructions of crystals probes stated to be for use in the invention.
Patent GB-972774-A (GB)
Title: Improvements in and relating to strata decomposition of solid substances
IPC: G01N1/32
Filed: 1960-10-28
Abstract: 972,774. Etching. F. GRASENICK, E. JAKOPIC, O. REITER, and R. ZIEGELBECKER. Oct. 28, 1960 [Oct. 28, 1959], No. 37078/60. Heading B6J. [Also in Division H1] Solid substances such as organic materials, and particularly high polymers, are subjected to surface decomposition by the action of at least one activated gas, the decomposition taking place solely on the exposed surface of the material and at a temperature below that at which thermal activation of the gas occurs. The organic material P is placed on a carrier 2, which may be heated or cooled, in an evacuated container 1 and a gas e.g. oxygen or hydrogen, is passed through the container at sub-atmospheric pressure. A high-frequency coil 3 provides a field which activates the gas, i.e. raises the energy level of at least some of the electrons in the outer shells of the gas atoms from the ground level, so that it diffuses into the material P and decomposes it on the surface only, the reaction products being either gaseous or easily removable. The material P is screened from the high-frequency field by a grid 4 and the plate or carrier 2 may be heated or cooled. The activation may alternatively be produced by ultra-violet rays or electrons acting on the gas and in addition an electric or magnetic field may be applied to increase the interspersion of the gas particles. Electrodes may be used and the ions sucked off from the gas plasma.
Patent GB-828976-A (GB)
Title: Washing and spin drying apparatus
IPC: D06F49/00
Filed: 1957-11-28
Abstract: 828,976. Washing machines. KUSZYNSKI, A. W. Nov. 28, 1957, No. 37101/57. Class 138 (2). [Also in Group XIII] In a combined washing machine and spin dryer, when operating as a washing machine, the lid 19 is raised and the centrifuge drum 12 raised clear of tub 1 by means of the rod system 17, 18, agitation being caused by a stirring means 6. When operated as a spin dryer the lid 19 is closed and the centrifuge drum 12 is centred relative to stirring means 6 by the rim 9 in co-operation with the rim 8 provided on the bottom 5 of the washing container. Drive from the stirring means 6 is conveyed by the spring-loaded friction cushion 24 to shaft 15 which is supported by bearings 16. Vibration is absorbed by the rubber block 13 and access to the top of the centrifuge drum is afforded by a small lid 22.
Patent GB-1431160-A (GB)
Title: Transmissions
IPC: F16H3/08
Filed: 1974-08-27
Abstract: 1431160 Change-speed gear CLARK EQUIPMENT CO 27 Aug 1974 [27 Aug 1973] 37416/74 Heading F2D A transmission providing three or four forward ratios and a corresponding number of reverse ratios comprises a system of constant mesh gears and clutches arranged on several shafts all lying in a common plane. In the arrangement shown in Fig. 2 the first forward ratio is established by engagement of fluidactuated multi-plate clutches 38, 64 so that drive is transmitted from the input shaft 14 to the output shaft 16 through gears 52, 54, 68, 70, 62, 66, 74, 76. Engagement of clutch 58, instead of 64, establishes second ratio through gears 52, 54, 66, 74, 76, and clutch 72 establishes third ratio, with clutches 64, 58 released, through gears 52, 54, 68, 74, 76. On release of the clutch 38 and engagement of the clutch 50 the three reverse ratios are similarly established by selective engagement of the clutches 64, 58, 72. The shaft 16 and gear 76 may be omitted, in which case the output is taken from the shaft 22. In a modification (Fig. 3, not shown) the clutch 72 is omitted, and a shaft (83) coaxial with the shaft 20 carries a gear in mesh with the gear 66, and two further gears in mesh with gears freely rotatable on the output shaft and clutchable thereto by a dog clutch. This arrangement provides four forward and reverse ratios. In a further three-ratio arrangement (Fig. 5, not shown) the gear 68 is omitted, and a gear in mesh with the gear 62 is fixed on the shaft 18. Again, the output may be taken from the shaft 22. In a modification with coaxial input and output shafts 14, 132, Fig. 8, three forward ratios are established by clutches 64, 58, 136 and forward or reverse by clutches 38, 50. Fig. 9 illustrates a modification of this arrangement in which the input and output shafts are not coaxial. As indicated in Fig. 2 the shaft 16 may provide two outputs, and one of these may be disconnectible by a sliding-tooth clutch. Also, in any of the embodiments the final drive wheel may be disconnectible from its output shaft, and a power take-off shaft may be provided, e.g. connected to the input shaft.
Patent GB-523158-A (GB)
Title: Improvements in or relating to printing inks
IPC: C09D11/02
Filed: 1938-12-23
Abstract: 523,158. Ink. INTERCHEMICAL CORPORATION. Dec. 23, 1938, No. 37514. Convention date, Jan. 18, 1938. [Class 146 (iii)] [Also in Group IV] An ink, for use in the printing-process wherein the printed sheet is passed into an oven and exposed to an open flame and a temperature of 550‹-1100‹C. for a few seconds in order to burn off the solvent, comprises a pigment dispersed in a solution of a normally plastic to solid binder, e.g. a plasticised or unplasticised natural or synthetic resin, dissolved in a liquid at least 85 per cent. of which consists of a liquid having a flash point of 110‹-165‹C. and a fire point of 135‹-190‹C., the difference between the flash and fire points being 20‹-40‹C. The solvent should contain at least 75 per cent, petroleum hydrocarbons in order to ensure complete combustion. In order to increase the solvent power, up to 5 per cent. of the total solvent of a solvent having lower flash and fire points may be added, in which case the difference between these points of the mixture may be increased to 50‹C.
Patent GB-334466-A (GB)
Title: Improvements relating to metal netting for use as catalyser in contact units
IPC: B01J23/40
Filed: 1929-12-12
Abstract: 334,466. Bamag-Meguin Akt.-Ges. Feb. 8,1929, [Convention date]. Catalytic agents, preparation of.-A contact element of wire netting particularly for use in the oxidation of ammonia is composed of a metal such as rhodium or an alloy such as a platinum. rhodium alloy, but comprises also some wires of pure platinum. The platinum wires may be present either as warp or weft threads, or both.
Patent GB-1326642-A (GB)
Title: Filter assembly for fluid diespensers
IPC: B65D83/16
Filed: 1970-08-07
Abstract: 1326642 Gas fuelled lighters CIBA GEIGY AG 7 Aug 1970 [27 Aug 1969] 38260/70 Heading F4F [Also in Divisions B1-B2] In a lighter e.g. for cigarettes depression of a nozzle 8 causes inflammable gas to flow through a valve stem 7, a valve formed by openings 19 and a seal 15 being opened, and out of a nozzle 9 where a spark produced by interaction of a flint 50 and a ratchet 51 (driven by cog 72 being moved by rack 73) ignites the gas. The gas is absorbed in an adsorbent in the container 43 therefor, and passes through a filter 102 on its way to the nozzles.
Patent GB-325646-A (GB)
Title: Improvements in the cleaning of garments and the like
IPC: D06F43/06
Filed: 1928-12-31
Abstract: 325,646. Carrier Engineering Co., Ltd., and Robertson, K. J. R. Dec. 31, 1928. Addition to 322,797. Tubs of fatty oils, extracting by solvents. - Textile materials, after passing through a vapour bath similar to that described in the parent Specification to remove grease, are subjected to a vacuum cleansing treatment. The vacuum cleansing plant 5 comprises a series of rotary brushes 25 associated with suction ducts 26 arranged alternately above and below a conveyer 1 from which the articles to be cleaned are suspended, a roller 33 leading the articles into a horizontal position along a guide 34. A canopy 11 extends over the whole apparatus and the vapour bath 4 is isolated from the suction in the plant 5 by a roller 36, attached to a lip 35 of the canopy 11, in conjunction with the guide 34. Suitable solvent recovery apparatus may be inserted in the suction line.
Patent GB-815770-A (GB)
Title: A new bacteriocidal hexamine compound
IPC: C07D487/18
Filed: 1957-12-16
Abstract: The invention comprises an equimolecular addition compound of hexamethylenetetramine and sulphanilyl thiourea of the empirical formula C13H21O2N7S2.H2O, and its preparation by treating a solution of sulphathiourea in a ketone such as acetone or methyl ethyl ketone with a concentrated aqueous solution of hexamine at room temperature or a slightly elevated temperature.  The addition compound is used as a bactericide in the treatment of urinary infections.ALSO:A bactericidal preparation suitable for the treatment of urinary infections comprises an adduct of hexamethylene tetramine and sulphanilyl thiourea in equimolecular proportions, having the empirical formula C13H21O2N7S2.H2O The preparation is suitably administered orally in the form of tablets.
Patent GB-931327-A (GB)
Title: Improvements in or relating to eating forks
Inventor: WEST RONALD GEORGE
IPC: A47G21/02
Filed: 1960-11-15
Abstract: 931,327. Forks. LEPPINGTON (CUTLERS) Ltd. Nov. 6, 1961 [Nov. 15, 1960], No. 39123/60. Class 30. [Also in Group XXIII] In a fork for eating spaghetti the prongs 1 are carried by a shank 2 which is mounted in a handle 3 for rotation relatively to the handle by a finger or thumb of the hand holding the fork to wind the spaghetti round the prongs. A cylindrical tang 4 of the shank is rotatably secured in a tube 5 by riveting the end 6 over a washer 7, the tube being secured in the handle, e.g. by being force-fitted in the bore 11, and the shank has a bolster 10 abutting the end of the handle, to avoid axial play between the tang and the tube, and having a knurled surface 14 for frictional contact by the finger or thumb. The prongs are straight, tapered and may be blunt. In a modification the tube is rotatably secured to the tang by clenching the end of the tube into a groove formed in the tang.
Patent GB-835909-A (GB)
Title: Preparation of steroid compounds
IPC: C07J75/00
Filed: 1956-12-28
Abstract: 9a -Fluoro-11b -hydroxy steroids and 11b -hydroxy-12a -fluoro-steroids are prepared by reacting hydrogen fluoride in the presence of a Lewis-type base with 9b ,11b -epoxy-steroids and 11b ,12b -epoxy-steroids respectively. Suitable Lewis-type bases are metal hydroxides, ammonia, amines, alcohols, ethers and ketones-particularly methanol, ethanol, diethyl ether, dioxane, tetrahydrofuran and pyridine.  Preferred reaction solvents are halogenated hydrocarbon solvents such as chloroform, ethylene dichloride and carbon tetrachloride.  The process is particularly useful for the preparation of 9a -fluoro - 11b  - hydroxy - and 11b - hydroxy - 12a -fluoro-steroids of the pregnane series-such as the 9a -fluoro- and 12a -fluoro derivatives of 4-pregnene (and 1,4 - pregnadiene) - 11b ,17a ,21-triol-3,20-dione and the corresponding 11b ,21-diols and 17a ,21-diols.  The products may be subsequently esterified to produce 21-esters, e.g. 21-alkanoates such as the 21-acetates, propionates and t-butyl-acetates since any 21-ester groups in the reactants are converted to 21-hydroxy groups by the treatment with hydrogen fluoride.  A number of detailed examples are given.  9b ,11b  - and 11b ,12b  - epoxy - steroids are prepared by reacting the corresponding 11-hydroxy-bromo-steroid with a base. Thus 9b , 11b  - epoxy - 1,4 - pregnadiene - 17a ,21 - diol-3,2 - dione 21 - acetate, 11b ,12b  - epoxy - 4-pregnene - 21 - ol - 3,20 - dione and 11b ,12b -epoxy - 1,4 - pregnadiene - 21 - ol - 3,20 - dione are prepared by treating the appropriate 9a -bromo - 11 - hydroxy or 12 - bromo - hydroxy compound with sodium methoxide in methanol.  9a  - Bromo - 1,4 - pregnadiene - 11b ,17a ,21-triol - 3,20 - dione 21 - acetate is prepared by reacting 1,4 - pregnadiene - 11b ,17a ,21 - triol-3,20-dione 21-acetate with methane sulphonyl chloride to form 1,4,9(11)-pregnatriene-17a ,21-diol - 3,20 - dione 21 - acetate which is then reacted with hypobromous acid.  12a  - Bromo - 4 - pregnene - 11b ,21 - diol-3,20-dione by reacting 12a -bromo-4-pregnene-21-ol-3,11,20-trione with semicarbazide to form the corresponding 3,20-bis-semicarbazone, reacting this compound with lithium borohydride to form 12a  - bromo - 4 - pregnene - 11b ,21 - diol 3,20-bis-semicarbazone and treating this compound with a hydrolysing agent.  12a  - Bromo - 1,4 - pregnadiene - 11b ,21 - diol-3,20-dione is prepared by a microbiological dehydrogenation of the corresponding 4-pregnene using Bacillus sphaericus micro-organisms. Specifications 783,319, 826,362 and 826,364 are referred to.
Patent GB-1151602-A (GB)
Title: Improvements relating to Liquid Fuel Supply Systems
Inventor: RIDDY FREDERICK THOMAS
IPC: B60K15/06
Filed: 1966-09-03
Abstract: 1,151,602. Reserve fuel tanks. F. T. RIDDY. 1 Dec., 1967 [3 Sept., 1966], No. 39924/66. Heading B7H. A reserve fuel reservoir for a motor vehicle comprises a fuel container which has an inlet and an outlet adapted for incorporation in the filler pipe to the fuel tank of the vehicle in such a manner that the container receives at least a portion of any fuel passing along the pipe to the tank, and valve means operable from the exterior of the container for permitting fuel held in the container when the valve is closed to flow through the outlet to the tank when the valve is open. The container 15 is inserted in the filler pipe 11 with the inlet and outlet coupled to the pipe by sleeves 13 secured by clips 14. The lip 27 of a standpipe 16 rising from the outlet defines the reserve fuel level. An aperture 17 in the standpipe 16 is closed by a valve 18 which is carried by a lever 19 loaded by a blade spring 20 and is opened to transfer the reserve fuel to the tank 12 by pulling a cord 23 extending through the filler pipe 11. In another embodiment, Fig. 3 (not shown), the standpipe is pivotable and is spring-loaded into sealing engagement around the outlet to form the outlet valve. The fuel container may be rigid or flexible.
Patent GB-1109179-A (GB)
Title: Improvements relating to typhoid and paratyphoid vaccines
Inventor: ANDERSON EPHRAIM SAUL
IPC: A61K39/112
Filed: 1964-09-30
Abstract: Vaccines comprise as protective antigen a killed, stable, non-motile strain of Salmonella typhi or S. paratyphi A or B which is devoid of flagella capable of producing the corresponding TH, TA or TB antibodies.  An independent antigenic marker, e.g. a rare flagellar antigen such as S. aderike, S. weslaco, S. guinea or S. irigny, may be included.  The non-flagellar strain may be a natural or artificial mutant or a phenotypical organism produced by mechanical removal or inhibition of the growth of the flagella.
Patent GB-1093018-A (GB)
Title: The manufacture of polyolefin film
Inventor: WU CHEIN-HO
IPC: B29C48/10
Filed: 1966-09-08
Abstract: 1,093,018. Polyolefin films. SHELL INTERNATIONALE RESEARCH MAATSCHAPPIJ N.V. Sept. 8, 1966. No. 40188/66 Heading B5B. In a process for the manufacture of a polyolefin film an extruded, internally blown tubular film 4 is drawn downwards from an extruder 2 into a body of cooling liquid 6 within which the tubular film is fully collapsed to lay-flat form, said film being mainly but not completely collapsed to lay-flat form by passage between a pair of parallel, spaced-apart, chilling rollers 9, 10 disposed at the surface of the body of cooling liquid for rotation, partly immersed therein in positions such that the chilling rollers support, but do not nip, the film as it enters the body of cooling liquid. Preferably, the chilling rollers are disposed with their axes of rotation lying substantially within the plane containing the surface of the body of liquid. Cooling liquid adhering to each of said chilling rollers may be removed prior to its contacting said tubular film, e.g. by a doctor blade, or alternatively, where cooling water is used the water may contain a surface-active agent in an amount sufficient to ensure the formation of an even water film on the surface of each chilling roller. Suitably, the surfaces of the rollers are chromium plated, and the cooling liquid is preferably water maintained at a temperature at least 50 C. below the softening point of the polyolefin, and especially the cooling liquid is water maintained at a temperature within the range 10 to 20 C. The vertical distance between the annular extrusion orifice of the die and the surface of the body of the cooling liquid for polypropylene film manufacture is suitably between 6 and 20 inches, especially from 11 to 15 inches, and the diameter of the chilling rollers should be chosen so as to provide adequate support for the maximum film width contemplated; in general chilling rollers 10 inches in diameter are suitable for the manufacture of polypropylene films. In apparatus as shown, the partially collapsed film is fully collapsed to lay-flat condition by means of nipping rollers 11 disposed wholly within the body of the cooling liquid, and a circulation of the cooling water is provided by means of water inlet 7, water outlet 8 and weir 81.
Patent GB-1278954-A (GB)
Title: Electrolytic process for stripping metal
Inventor: BEDI RAM DEV
IPC: C23F1/32
Filed: 1969-08-12
Abstract: 1278954 Electrolytic stripping of metal surfaces M & T CHEMICALS Inc 12 Aug 1969 [20 Aug 1968] 40330/69 Heading C7B A surface of chromium, copper, zinc, tin or lead is electrolytically stripped from the surfacebearing article using an aqueous alkaline electrolyte containing a chelating agent. Various examples of suitable chelating agents are given including various acetic acids, amines, pyridines, glycines, and propionic acids. The alkaline electrolyte may be sodium or potassium hydroxide, or sodium or potassium pyrophosphate.
Patent GB-842491-A (GB)
Title: Cigarette filter tip making machine
IPC: A24D3/02
Filed: 1957-12-31
Abstract: 842,491. Making cigarette mouthpieces. OLIN MATHIESON CHEMICAL CORPORATION. Dec. 31, 1957 [Jan. 15, 1957], No. 40425/57. Class 130. The apparatus of Fig. 1 of Specification 818,440 is modified in that the multi-length mouthpiece rods of different types are subdivided by rotary disc knives 30, 36, 38, 42, Fig. 3; on a fluted drum 64 transferring them from their respective hoppers 20, 14 to the fluted discs 10 alternate ones of which are driven at slightly different speeds to effect presentation of composite mouthpiece assemblies to the wrapping roll 62. Reciprocatory transfer fingers 50, 58 or gravity transfer may be used. There is one central double-bevelled knife 30 and pairs of single-bevelled knives 36, 38, 40 with their members progressively further spaced, the rod sections being closed up after each subdivision by spring fingers 69, with rodlike ends 70. In further modifications, separate drums 64 with associated knives respectively deliver each type of rod to (1) circumferentially alternate flutes of the discs 10, (2) all the flutes of respective sets of discs 10, Fig. 2, the faster moving discs of which only gain half a flute in half a revolution so that the left hand set can deliver rod sections of one type to a fluted drum 46 into the spaces between and at the ends of sections of the other type previously delivered thereto by the right hand set. The rods of one type may be empty paper or metal tubes or cellulose-filled cylinders and those of the other type cylinders filled with paper carrying activated charcoal.
Patent GB-969127-A (GB)
Title: Capacitive encoder
IPC: H03M1/00
Filed: 1962-10-25
Abstract: 969,127. Electric selective signalling GENERAL PRECISION Inc. Oct.25, 1962 [Feb. 21, 1962], No.40454/62. Heading G4H. The invention relates to a capacitive position encoder. A rotor 11 is fixed on a shaft 1, the angular position of which is to be digitised, between a stationary conducting plate 2 and a stator 13. Pulses applied to plate 2 are picked up by capacitive coupling by the conducting back 11d to rotor 11 and transmitted by a conducting pin 11e to a conductive pattern 11c on the front face 11b of rotor 11. The pulses are then capacitively transmitted to conducting segments on the front face of stator 13, and from them similarly to conducting segments connected to logic circuitry and positioned on the back of stator 13. The rotor conductive pattern 11c consists of a number of concentric annular tracks of conductive segments all electrically interconnected. Successively larger radii tracks relate to successively less significant digits, two adjacent tracks having the segments in the same angular positions being provided for each digit, except for the least significant digit which has one track, Each track consists of a single  annular row of segments, the widths and spacings between segments on tracks relating to a given digit being all equal but one half those of the next-  moresignificant, digit tracks. The conducting segments on the front of the stator are in tracks opposite ;to the rotor tracks but differ in that(a)  the segments are electrically insulated from each other, (b) two concentric rows of segments are provided in each track, the segments of one row being in the same angular positions as the spacings of the other row for mark/space reading, and, (c) the tracks corresponding to given digit are angular staggered with respect to each other to the extent of half a segment width, for lead/lag Sensing. The conducting segments on the back of the stator are the same as and exactly behind those on the front except that all the segments of a given row. are electrically interconnected. As the rotor rotates, the capacitances between the segments of each rotor track and the segments of each of the two corresponding stator rows alternately increase and decrease, the resulting signals on the two rows being mutually in antiphase; The two signals from each track are compared in a differential amplifier the output of which controls a flip-flop indicating the track reading. There are thus two track readings for each digit, other than the least significant digit, and which reading provides the output digit is made to depend on the next less significant output digit (leadlag-reading). More than one rotor or stator may be used and the segment patterns-may be varied to produce "coded" output.