baber/WOPTO huggingface dataset:
Patent GB-1387582-A (GB)
Title: Fire resisting panel
IPC: E04B1/94
Filed: 1972-09-05
Abstract: 1387582 Laminates C C KAINES 5 Sept 1972 41110/72 Heading B5N A fire resisting panel is produced by coating a granular or pelleted non-combustible carrier material with an intumescent fire resisting paint or other material and inserting this material either directly between two facing sheets to form the panel or into interstices in a hollow Sore already located between or subsequently nserted between two facing sheets to form the panel. The panel which may be used for a door, partition or furniture component may comprise a pair of facing sheets of hardboard or plywood and a timber frame or honeycomb core of paper or fabric. The carrier material may be of exfoliated vermiculite or expanded clay pellets and may be coated by spraying with a microspray of water, tumbling or shaking in a drum or sack with a hygroscopic intumescent material and drying.
Patent GB-865131-A (GB)
Title: Improvements in fluxes for submerged arc welding
Inventor: PHILLIPS THOMAS HENRY LAWRENCE
IPC: B23K35/362
Filed: 1958-12-19
Abstract: A submerged arc flux contains 0.5-8.0% of niobium and comprises particles of a homogenous vitreous mass containing niobium in non-elemental form and 0.2-3.0% of carbon.  This flux can be made by fusing columbite and the other ingredients of the flux in a furnace, carbon being absorbed from the furnace lining. If desired anthracite may be added.  Niobium oxide may be formed from niobium metal or alloy during the preparation of the flux. The flux may consist of an intimate mixture of granules containing up to 50% niobium and granules free from niobium, the overall niobium content not exceeding 8%.  The other constitutes may be SiO2, CaO, CaF2, Al2O3, FeO, MgO, TiO2, ZrO2, Mno, Na2O and K2O.
Patent GB-1396314-A (GB)
Title: Pulse driving circuits
IPC: H03K17/082
Filed: 1971-09-03
Abstract: 1396314 Electric protective systems BRITISH AIRCRAFT CORP Ltd 4 Sept 1972 [3 Sept 1971] 41244/71 Heading H2K [Also in Division H3] An electronic switch T6 is protected from overcurrent by the operation of a bi-stable trip circuit T3, T4 via a delay circuit R12, Cl when overcurrent occurs, the trip circuit shunting the output of a semi-conductor driver stage T2 for the switch T6 so as to turn the switch off and being reset by the low resistance of the driver stage when the input control signal returns to its switch off state. The bi-stable trip circuit shown may be replaced by a thyristor.
Patent GB-1016094-A (GB)
Title: Chlorination of hydrocarbons
IPC: C07C17/156
Filed: 1963-10-18
Abstract: Aliphatic or aromatic hydrocarbons which are gaseous or liquid at room temperature are chlorinated in the gaseous phase at 150 DEG  to 350 DEG  C. by passing oxygen, hydrogen chloride and the hydrocarbon over a catalyst comprising an inert porous carrier having absorbed thereon cupric chloride and an alkali metal bisulphate and/or ammonium bisulphate in molar ratio of from 1 : 0.1 to 1 : 10. Chlorides of one or more of lanthanum, cerium, thorium, neodymium, europium, ytterium, scandium, actinium, uranium, zirconium and palladium may be present also, the molar ratio of the cupric chloride to the sum of the other chlorides being from 1 : 0.1 to 1.0. Examples relate to chlorination of ethylene to give a mixture of 1,2-dichloroethane, ethyl chloride and vinyl chloride; and chlorination of propylene to give a mixture of isopropyl chloride, 1,2-dichloropropane and allyl chloride.  Butylene is mentioned.ALSO:A catalyst for chlorinating hydrocarbons comprises an inert porous carrier having absorbed thereon cupric chloride and an alkali metal bisulphate and/or ammonium bisulphate in molar ratio from 1 : 0,1 to 1 : 10.  Sodium and potassium bisulphates are mentioned.  One or more of thorium, lanthanum and cerium chlorides may be incorporated in proportion such that the molar ratio of cupric chloride to the sum of these is 1 : 0, to 1; chlorides of neodymium, europium, yttrium, scandium, actinium, uranium, zirconium and palladium may also be used.  The porous carrier, e.g. silica gel, may be impregnated with aqueous solutions of the salts and dried at 200  DEG C.  Examples relate to silicon gel carrying (1) NaHSO4, NH4HSO4, CuCl2, (2) one or more of cerium, lanthanum and thorium chloride with NaHSO4, NH4HSO4, CuCl2.
Patent GB-1057664-A (GB)
Title: The isomerisation of 2,5-dihydrothiophene-1, 1-dioxides
Inventor: WILSON ROBERT ARTHUR LAWRENCE
IPC: C07D333/48
Filed: 1962-11-01
Abstract: 2,3 - Dihydrothiophene - 1,1 - dioxide and monalkyl derivatives thereof are prepared by the isomerisation of 2,5-dihydrothiophene-1,1-dioxide and monalkyl derivatives thereof by contacting the latter with an alkaline catalyst which is soluble in the reaction mixture and which is a sodium, potassium or lithium hydroxide or alkaline salt, or a strong organic base, in the substantial absence of a substance capable of forming an addition compound with the 2,5-dihydrothiophene-1,1-dioxide or the monoalkyl derivative thereof or the isomer so formed, and in the presence of a solvent.  When butadiene sulphone is isomerized, unreacted butadiene sulphone may be decomposed to butadiene and SO2 by heating, the butadiene and SO2 being recovered, reconverted to butadiene sulphone and recycled to the process.
Patent GB-1276736-A (GB)
Title: Process and apparatus for the gasification of water-containing coal
IPC: C10J3/57
Filed: 1969-08-20
Abstract: 1276736 Gasifying coal RHEINISCHE BRAUNKOHLENWERKE AG 20 Aug 1969 [22 Aug 1968 20 Jan 1969] 41611/69 Heading C5E A process for gasifying water-containing coal or peat comprises contacting the coal directly with a liquid metal melt, e.g. lead, in a bath and utilising the water content of the coal as gasifying agent. The water may be that in the coal as mined, e.g. as in brown coals, or that added during winning. In illustrated embodiments, the coal-water mixture is delivered by a pump to the bottom of the bath and is passed upwardly through the melt, which is circulated through an external heating device and flows in concurrent or countercurrent with the coal in the bath. Oil may be added to the coal-water mixture.
Patent GB-1324706-A (GB)
Title: Photoflash sockets and photographic cameras and flashlight devices incorporating the same
IPC: G03B15/03
Filed: 1970-09-02
Abstract: 1324706 Photographic flash apparatus EASTMAN KODAK CO 2 Sept 1970 [2 Sept 1969] 41938/70 Heading G2A A photoflash socket 17 for receiving a percussive flash unit, e.g. a flash cube 21, comprises a plurality of independently operable firing members 51 one per flash bulb of an inserted unit. The flash cube has pre-energized strikers 31, which are aligned with tongues 56 of the firing members 51, the tongues 56 being downwardly biased by coil springs 61. In the absence of a flash cube, a sensing pin 45 is raised and a cam disc 101 thereof holds a signal lever 94 to maintain a vane 95 out of the viewfinder of the camera on which the socket is mounted. Inserting a flash cube depresses the pin 45 and prevents its disc 101 from influencing the vane 95. The lever 94 carries a cam arm 104 which is spring urged upwardly into contact with a pin 58 of the firing member 51 associated with the flash bulb in a firing position. The cam arm 104 urges the pin 58 upwards until its associated tongue 56 contacts the associated cocked striker 31. If this striker has, however, already been fired, the tongue continues to rise and the signal vane 95 becomes visible in the viewfinder 103. If an unused bulb is present, an exposure is made, a hammer 113 striking the firing member in synchronism with shutter operation. The socket and flash cube are indexed in response to film wind Fig.4 (not shown), the cam arm 104 clearing the raised pin 58 to allow the firing member 51 to return to its Fig.2 position, and to remove the vane 95 from the viewfinder, as socket rotation commences.
Patent GB-1501746-A (GB)
Title: Enzymatic ethanol assay
IPC: C12Q1/32
Filed: 1975-10-14
Abstract: 1501746 Determination of ethanol CALBIOCHEM 14 Oct 1975 41981/75 Heading G1B A composition useful in determination of ethanol in body fluids, spent distillery liquors and waste water comprises alcohol dehydrogenase, nicotinamide adenine dinucleotide (NAD), a buffer/ acetaldehyde-trapping agent selected from 2-amino- 2-hydroxymethyl-1, 3-propane diol, 2-amino-2- methyl-1, 3-propane diol and mixtures thereof and an acid to lower the pH of an aqueous solution of the composition to within the range 8À8 to 9À2, the composition being free of any other acetaldehyde trapping agent. The composition may also include EDTA or a sodium salt thereof as heavy metal sequestering agent. Other sequestering agents mentioned are diethylene triamine penta-acetic acid 8-hydroxyquinoline, orthophenanthroline, bipyridyl;
Patent GB-1489773-A (GB)
Title: Resistance welding apparatus affording operator protectio
IPC: B23K11/25
Filed: 1974-09-26
Abstract: 1489773 Welding by pressure BRITISH LEYLAND UK Ltd 24 Sept 1975 [26 Sept 1974] 41988/74 Heading B3R [Also in Division G3] Resistance welding apparatus features a power-driven movable electrode E1 and a stationary electrode E2, the former being advanced towards the electrode E2 initially by a first non-welding force, i.e. a force low enough to be resisted by an operator's hand, and then by a second, higher, welding force, the switch from the first to second forces occurring when a low voltage induced in the secondary windings of a welding transformer T is short-circuited by the electrodes E1, E2 through the workpiece (not shown). In operation, the electrode E2 is advanced in the first non-welding mode, by a pneumatic piston actuator P, when two valves AV2, AV3 are energized (dotted lines, Fig. 2). Since the piston of the actuator has a greater effective area in chamber P2 than in chamber P1, the piston is moved downwardly, governed also by the relation between two pressure regulators RR1, RR2, such that the descent may be arrested by an inadvertently placed non- conducting obstruction. When the electrode E1 contacts the workpiece a Detection Device (Fig. 1) detects the short-circuit of the low voltage induced in the secondary winding, by a Low Voltage Source (Fig. 1), so triggering the energization of valve AV1 through a Welding Controller) and, immediately following, the deenergization of the valves AV2, AV3. Compressed air is then supplied at its full pressure to the chamber P2, resulting in a large welding force between the electrodes E1, E2. The welding current is switched on simultaneously by the Detection Device triggering the Welding Controller, which subsequently operates to close a Weld-time Control Switch to connect a 400 V. power supply to the primary winding of the transformer T. The operation can be repeated continually if an initiation switch in the Detection Device is kept closed. If the compressed air supply fails, the electrode E1 will descend under its own weight, retarded by the air trapped in the chamber P1 being relieved through the regulator RR1. An electronic circuit (Fig. 3, not shown) of the Detection Device is disclosed.
Patent GB-865992-A (GB)
Title: Method and arrangement for providing so-called meeting illumination between vehicles
IPC: F21S8/12
Filed: 1959-12-15
Abstract: 865,992. Vehicle head light arrangements. EINERMANN, K. E. W. Dec. 15, 1959 [Dec. 17, 1958], No. 42528/59. Drawings to Specification. Class 75(4). To avoid dazzling approaching motorists, the headlamps of a vehicle are arranged for switching over from the normal position in which they emit two parallel beams of light to one in which they are directed towards opposite sides of the road and simultaneously dipped, the beam on the offside being turned further towards the side than the nearside beam. The offside beam may also be dipped more than the nearside, for instance so that no light is emitted above the horizontal. The effect may be achieved by using lamp bulbs with the filament at the focus of a parabolic reflector and a second filament above and to one side of the focus. If desired, suitable screening means may be used in conjunction with the non-focal filament. The beam from the offside headlamp may be turned to the nearside so that its lateral edges are respectively parallel to the direction of the road and at an angle of 15 degrees thereto. The beam from the nearside headlamp may be turned to the offside so that its edges make angles of 12¢ and 35 degrees with the direction of the road. The nearside headlamp may be dipped so that its upper edge is 6 degrees below the horizontal and the offside headlamp so that its upper edge is level with the horizontal.
Patent GB-1367112-A (GB)
Title: Ammonia synthesis
IPC: B01J27/22
Filed: 1971-09-14
Abstract: 1367112 Ammonia synthesis catalysts SAGAMI CHEMICAL RESEARCH CENTER 14 Sept 1971 [14 Sept 1970 25 Nov 1970] 42744/71 Heading B1E [Also in Division C1] A catalyst for ammonia synthesis comprises an electron donor-acceptor complex consisting of (a) at least one alkali metal, (b) at least one compound of a metal selected from group 4B, 5B, 6B, 7B or 8 of the Periodic Table (U.S. version), and (c) graphite. Examples are given of (1) potassium; ferric chloride; graphite; (2) sodium, rubidium, lithium or caesium; ferric chloride; graphite; (3) potassium; ruthenium chloride or osmium chloride; graphite; (5) potassium; nickel chloride; graphite; (6) potassium, platinum chloride, graphite; (7) potassium; cobalt chloride, rhodium chloride; iridium chloride, palladium chloride, molybdenum chloride, tungsten chloride, vanadium chloride, titanium chloride, zirconium chloride or rhenium chloride; graphite; (8) sodium; platinum chloride or molybdenum chloride, graphite, and rubidium; molybdenum chloride; graphite; and (9) potassium; chromic oxide, molybdenum sulphide, nickel sulphide or iron sulphide; graphite. The graphite and metal compound may be heated together at 250- 500C and the alkali metal then added, followed by further heating to above the melting point of the alkali metal, preferably in vacuo or in an inert gas.
Patent GB-1199255-A (GB)
Title: Sterilising Liquids
Inventor: CLARK REGINALD THOMAS
IPC: A23C3/033
Filed: 1966-09-27
Abstract: 1,199,255. Sterilizing liquids. ALFALAVAL CO. Ltd. 27 Sept., 1967 [27 Sept., 1966], No. 43106/66. Heading A2D. A continuous process for sterilizing liquids (e.g. milk) comprises preheating the liquid by indirect heating, rapidly heating the liquid under pressure by indirect heating to the sterilization temperature, passing the liquid after at least partial preheating or after sterilization to a vessel maintained at or above atmospheric pressure but below the pressure at which the liquid arrives at the vessel so that the liquid boils, thereby cooling and at least partially degassing the liquid, condensing the vapour evolved and returning the condensate to the liquid. When the liquid is cooled and degassed prior to sterilization, the indirect preheating is effected under pressure. The liquid may be subjected to indirect cooling prior to or after the degassing step.
Patent GB-1281180-A (GB)
Title: Hydrolysis resistant polyesterurethane
IPC: C08G18/75
Filed: 1969-08-29
Abstract: 1281180 Coated fabrics GOODYEAR TIRE & RUBBER CO 29 Aug 1969 [30 Sept 1968] 43134/69 Heading B2E [Also in Division C3] Polyurethane prepolymers based on controlled proportions of 4,4'dicyclohexylmethane diisocyanate and either polyhexamethylene adipate, polyhexamethylene azelate, polytetramethylene adipate or polytetramethylene azelate, are mixed with specified amounts of aromatic diamines (see Division C3) and sprayed as 1 or 2 coats over waxed cardboard moulds in the shape of airplane fuel cells. Barrier layers of nylon (in ethanol/isopropanol) or polyvinylidene chloride may be applied by brushing or spraying over the polyurethane coats, followed by further polyurethane coats, nylon or polyester fabric reinforcing layers and 1 or 2 more coats of polyurethane. The cardboard form may be subsequently removed by softening with water. Rubberized fabrics may also be prepared by spraying similar polyurethane-forming mixtures on to either or both sides of nylon or polyester fabrics.
Patent GB-1059795-A (GB)
Title: Improvements in or relating to electrical carrier transmission systems
Inventor: NEWMAN WILLIAM CHARLES
IPC: H04J1/14
Filed: 1964-10-23
Abstract: 1,059,795. Multiplex radio systems; metering. TELEPHONE MANUFACTURING CO. Ltd. Oct. 12, 1965 [Oct. 23, 1964], No. 43294/64. Headings H4K and H4L. In a carrier telephone or telegraph system, a normally applied frequency of 3890 cycles is replaced during dialling impulses by a frequency of 3760 cycles, and for the purpose of metering the normal frequency is modulated at 20 cycles per second.
Patent GB-1368286-A (GB)
Title: Exhaust system for internal combustion engines
IPC: F01N3/22
Filed: 1971-09-16
Abstract: 1368286 Purifying and controlling exhaust gases ALFA ROMEO SpA 16 Sept 1971 [22 Sept 1970] 43327/71 Heading F1B [Also in Division F2] An I.C. engine exhaust system comprises automatic valves 15 to admit atmospheric air to exhaust ducts 10 some distance downstream of the engine exhaust valves when the valves are opened in response to reduced exhaust gas pressure to enable afterburning of the mixture of air and exhaust gas to occur. Air is passed to valves 15 via tube 46 and valve 18 which controls air flow in response to temperature downstream of a supplementary muffler 21. Flow through the main exhaust system including mufflers 11 and 12 may be cut off by valve 13 responsive to intake manifold pressure and/or gas temperature downstream of muffler 21, valve 13 being closed if the manifold pressure falls below a predetermined value. The exhaust gas and air may be treated in catalytic silencers or thermal reactors in addition. In Figs. 3 and 6 (not shown) valve members (37) (40) are lifted to allow air to pass from intake ports (30), (44) to outlet ports (31), (45).
Patent GB-932724-A (GB)
Title: Improvements in or relating to silicon iron alloys
IPC: H01F1/147
Filed: 1960-12-16
Abstract: 932,724. Making magnetic sheet and strip; altering molecular structure. VACUUMSCHMELZE A.G. Dec. 16, 1960 [Dec. 24, 1959], No. 43352/60. Classes 83 (2) and 83 (4). A method of producing a sheet, strip or ribbon by the deformation and heat treatment of an alloy containing iron, approximately 2 to 5% of silicon and less than 1% of other substances such as manganese, molybdenum, or chromium and which has a cubic structure, wherein, so far as at least 80% of the elementary cubes are concerned, two faces of each cube lie substantially parallel with the rolling plane, and wherein, so far as at least 10% of said faces are concerned, the edges of said faces lie in at least four different predetermined directions which are inclined to the rolling direction at angles other than 0% and 90%, said method being characterized in that a workpiece of said alloy is subjected to hot rolling, followed by pickling, by one or more stages of cold rolling, and by a heat treatment at a temperature within the range of from 800‹ C. to 1100‹ C., intervening between two consecutive stages of cold rolling when more than one stage is used, and a final heat treatment after the last cold rolling at a temperature within the range of from 1000‹ C. to 1300‹ C., said heat treatment being carried out in an atmosphere which prevents the formation of silicon oxide, or alternatively, which causes the disappearance of any silicon oxide which may be present on the surface of the said sheet, strip or ribbon and wherein the thickness of the workpiece is reduced during the first, or the last, stage of cold rolling from 90% to 97%. The predetermined values for the said angle between the rolling direction and the cube edges are +25, +37, +53, +65, - 25, - 37, - 53 and - 65 degrees. During the penultimate stage of the cold rolling the workpiece is reduced within the range of from 90% to 97% and during the last stage within the range of from 30% to 80%. Figs. 2 and 4 show the area texture produced by the method according to the invention on which the cube edges are orientated irregularly and the arrows of Fig. 4 shows that with area texture the magnetic flux encounters grains with favourable orientation everywhere and thus magnetic resistance is greatly reduced. Specific examples of producing sheets of silicon iron containing approximately 2.2 to 2.8% silicon and exhibiting area texture are given in the Specification.
Patent GB-936726-A (GB)
Title: Improvements relating to the recovery of fluorine content of aluminium furnace gases
IPC: B01D47/06
Filed: 1959-12-21
Abstract: <PICT:0936726/III/1> HF is recovered from the furnace gases from electrolytic aluminium furnaces, without absorption of sulphur oxides, by washing the gases with fresh water in a column of vertically-spaced perforated plates on each of which a film of solvent is maintained, the gases passing upwardly through the perforations in contact with the films, wherein used solvent is not reintroduced into the column at a level above that of the lowered plate, and the relative speeds of fresh water and gas flow are so adjusted that the F content of the used washing liquid is at least 5 grms./l.  The gas as bubbles is contacted with the washing liquid by passing the gas at 8 up column 1 equipped with spaced perforated plates 2 on which a film of liquid rests flowing from plate to plate through pipes 6. Several columns may be arranged in series and the gas may be cooled before washing.  Contact of gas and liquid may be improved by stirring.  At least the first column may be provided with a pre-cleaning chamber below the plates in which the gas is dry or wet cleaned either by passing the gas tangentially at 8 into column 1 or by spraying in used washing liquid at 13 from tank 10, or using a liquid in which tar constituents are soluble.  The lower sides of the perforated plates of the column are rinsed with water injected through nozzles 4 from pipes 3 to move upwardly with the gas.  The gas is delivered to each perforated plate through funnels 5, the lower end of smaller cross-section than the column being to increase the speed of gas flow, and the upper end covering the whole of the under-side of each plate.  Drop-catcher plates 7 may be disposed above each plate, and the wash water may contain a surface active ingredient to reduce deposition of dust and/or tar on the plates. Specification 838,703 is referred to.
Patent GB-1128467-A (GB)
Title: Methacrylate esters and compositions containing these
IPC: C08F22/10
Filed: 1965-10-14
Abstract: 1,128,467. Methacrylate esters of trimethylpentane diol. EASTMAN KODAK CO. 14 Oct., 1965 [14 Oct., 1964], No. 43598/65. Heading C2C. [Also in Divisions B3 and C3] The invention comprises the mono- and dimethacrylates of 2,2,4-trimethyl-1,3-pentane diol. The esters are made by direct esterification of methacrylic acid using an acid catalyst, or by transesterification of methyl methacrylate using 0À5 to 5À0% by wt., based on TMPD and methyl methacrylate, of a basic or acidic catalyst. Specified catalysts are p-toluene sulphonic acid and sodium methoxide. A polymerization inhibitor, e.g. hydroquinone may be added to the reaction mixture. The monomethacrylate is obtained as a mixture of the 1- and 3-isomers which can be separated by gas chromatography. The esters form polymers which are used in coating, moulding and adhesive compositions (see Division C3). Examples are provided.
Patent GB-1275146-A (GB)
Title: Photoelectrophoretic imaging composition
IPC: G03G17/04
Filed: 1969-09-03
Abstract: 1275146 Photoelectrophoretic suspension XEROX CORP 3 Sept 1969 [3 Sept 1968] 43638/69 Heading H1K A photoelectrophoretic suspension comprises (a) a plurality of coloured electrically photosensitive particles and (b) a plurality of additional particles which are white or colourless or which (in the case of monochromatic imaging suspensions) are the same colour as particles (a), dispersed in an insulating carrier liquid. Preferably, an otherwise conventional photoelectrophoretic imaging suspension contains ZnO, BaSO 4 , NaCl, SiO 2 , TiO 2 , BaTiO 3 , pyrene, phenanthrene, anthracene, tetracyanopyrene, tetranitropyrene, tetrabromopyrene, polyethylene, polypropylene, polyethylene terephthalate, polystyrene, copoly(styrene/butylmethacrylate) or polyvinylchloride particles.