baber/WOPTO huggingface dataset:
Patent GB-656681-A (GB)
Title: An improved electronic radiation and particle detector
IPC: H01J47/08
Filed: 1948-07-05
Abstract: 656,681. Discharge apparatus. SYLVANIA ELECTRIC PRODUCTS, Inc. July 5, 1948, No. 18070. Convention date, July 3, 1947. [Class 39 (i)] Bromine, chlorine or iodine form one of the constituents of the filling of a Geiger-Muller tube. The electrodes are made of material which is non-reactive with these gases, carbon and tungsten being mentioned as suitable. The Specification describes the peculiar properties of various tubes in which the filling consists of varying amounts of bromine in combination with one or more of the rare gases. Above rather less than 1 per cent of bromine the tubes are stated to be selfquenching provided a cathode with a work function higher than the ionizing potential of the bromine is employed. Carbon, brass, tin, copper, stainless steel, tantalum and zinc are all stated to have suitable work functions. Tubes containing bromine with either krypton or xenon are mentioned as particularly suitable for X-ray counting. If the krypton and xenon are replaced by light gases such as helium, neon or argon a low-voltage counter results. It is suggested that this is due to the energy level of the metastable states of the light gases being of roughly the same value as the energy required to ionize bromine. When the noble gas is excited by radiation it ionizes the bromine, each electron of which excites further noble gas atoms and so on. The discharge is stated to be clearly visible and this fact is made use of in the construction of Fig. 3 in which the envelope 15 is spherical, the cathode 17 being supported coaxially with the rod anode 16 by supporting lead 20. The cathode has a slot 18 in its side so that the discharge may be viewed through an eyepiece 36 in a wooden supporting bar 33. A further construction (Figs. 1 and 2, not shown) is similar to that of the conventional counter, the cathode being constituted by an external carbon coating in a cylindrical envelope. The anode comprises a similar coating on a control rod. A further method of cathode support is shown in Fig. 5 (not shown). The Specification gives a list of possible combinations of bromine with various rare gases, with details of the properties of tubes containing these combinations. Chlorine is stated to be specially suitable for a low voltage counter.
Patent GB-1074790-A (GB)
Title: Storage-stable hardenable masses based on unsaturated polyesters with a content of ketone hydroperoxides
Inventor: RUDOLPH HANS
IPC: C08K5/18
Filed: 1965-04-29
Abstract: The storage-stability of hardenable masses from mixtures of unsaturated polyesters and copolymerizable unsaturated monomers and/or non-copolymerizable solvents containing ketone hydroperoxides but wherein the hardening reactivity has not been increased by heating or the addition of an accelerator is improved by the addition of at least one secondary aromatic amine of formula R-NH-Ar, wherein R is an aliphatic, cycloaliphatic or aromatic radical and Ar is an unsubstituted or substituted aromatic radical.  A phosphine and/or arsine and/or stibine and/or other amine may also be added.  Aromatic amines specified are N-methyl-, N-ethyl-, N-propyl-, and N-b -hydroxyethyl - aniline; N - methyltoluidine; and diphenylamine.  The other additives specified include dodecylamines, N,N-dimethyl-p-toluidine, diethyl naphthyl phosphine, tricyclopentyl phosphine, tribenzyl arsine, and tridiphenyl stibine.  Inhibitors such as p-benzoquinone, 2,5 - di - t - butyl - p - benzoquinone, hydroquinone, t - butyl - pyrocatechol, and 3 - methyl - and 4 - ethylpyrocatechol. The ketone hydroperoxide may be methyl ethyl ketone, methyl isobutyl ketone, or cyclohexanone hydroperoxide, and amyl, 1,2,3,4 - tetrahydronaphthalene or t - butyl hydroperoxide may also be present.  The non-polymerizable solvent may be ethyl or butyl acetate, acetone, methylene chloride, or toluene. The unsaturated polyester may be derived from maleic, fumaric, itaconic, mesaconic, or citraconic acid and ethylene or diethylene glycol, propane-, butane- or hexane-diol, trimethylolpropane, or pentaerythritol, and may be modified with succinic, glutaric, adipic, phthalic, or tetrachlorophthalic acid; butanol, tetrahydrofurfuryl alcohol; or ethylene glycol monobutyl ether; and benzoic or oleic acid, linseed oil fatty acids or dehydrated castor oil fatty acid.  The polyesters may also contain b ,g -unsaturated ether residues.  Unsaturated comonomers specified are styrene, vinyltoluene, divinylbenzene, vinyl acetate, methacrylic acid, ester and nitrile, allyl acetate and acrylate, diallyl phthalate, and triallyl phosphate and cyanurate. In Example 1, a polyester from maleic and phthalic anhydrides and propane-1,2-diol is mixed with hydroquinone, dissolved in styrene, and mixed with N-ethylaniline or diphenylamine, styrene, and cyclohexanone hydroperoxide in dibutyl phthalate.  In Example 2, the polyester is mixed with the aromatic amine with or without a phosphine, arsine or stibine, comparison experiments showing the limited storage stability with phosphines, arsines, and aliphatic amines only.  In Example 3, the polyester is formed from maleic and phthalic anhydrides, ethylene glycol and trimethylolpropane diallyl ether.  In Example 4, the polyester of Example 1 is dissolved in butyl acetate before admixture with the other components.
Patent GB-911392-A (GB)
Title: Improvements relating to fluid pressure regulating and shut-off valve mechanism
IPC: G05D16/16
Filed: 1960-05-23
Abstract: 911,392. Fluid-pressure servomotor-control systems. GARRETT CORPORATION. May 23, 1960 [May 25,1959], No. 18111/60. Class 135. With the parts of a pressure-regulator valve in the position shown, fluid in a duct 52 flows through pipes 42a and a by-pass valve 3 into a cylinder 9 from which it escapes via a pipe 32 and a port 30, restricted by a pilot valve closure 26, whereby the cylinder 9 fills and the pressure fluid therein urges a spring-loaded piston 11 to the right to thereby force the movable regulator-valve closure 10 more tightly on to its seat. Concomitantly fluid in the duct 52 passes an orifice 18 into a chamber 5 where it acts on the piston 11 in a direction tending to open the closure 10. After an adjustable delay fluid in the valve 3 builds up sufficient pressure in a chamber 46 via a passage 50, to urge a piston 47 downwardly to close the by-pass valve 3 and cause the cylinder 9 to be fed via a restriction 51 the flow capacity of which is less than that provided by the pilot closure 26, whereby the pressure in chamber 5 predominates over that acting on the other side of the piston 11 which in consequence is moved in the valve opening direction. When the lostmotion between the piston 11 and closure 10 has been taken up the latter opens. Fluid in the regulator-valve outlet 7 is led by a pipe 31 to act on the end of the pilot closure 26 and on the larger area of a differential piston 23 connected to the pilot closure 26, tending to close the latter and check opening movement of the regulator closure; the opposite side of the differential piston is also open to pipe 31 via an adjustable needle valve 41.
Patent GB-293035-A (GB)
Title: Improvements in hydraulic cement
IPC: C04B7/00
Filed: 1928-06-23
Abstract: 293,035. Pontoppidan, C. June 30, 1927, [Convention date]. Cements, Portland and Roman, materials and compositions for.-An hydraulic cement clinker is composed to have an hydraulic modulus, i.e. ratio of basic to acidic materials, of not less than 2.2 and a silica modulus, i.e. ratio of silica to alumina and ferric oxide, of less than 3.0. The raw materials are ground to a high degree of fineness, such that 98-99 per cent passes a 200 mesh sieve. The clinken is ground to any desired fineness, preferably, for rapid hardening, to a high degree of fineness. The resulting cement may be mixed with other materials such as impure gypsum, forms of silicic acid, puzzolano, trass, blast furnace or other slag, limestone, clay, and lime.
Patent GB-1465452-A (GB)
Title: Hinged lid assemblies for motor vehicles
IPC: E05F1/10
Filed: 1975-05-01
Abstract: 1465452 Hinges LANCIA & C FABBRICA AUTOMOBILI TORINO SpA 1 May 1975 [7 Aug 1974] 18271/75 Headings E2F and E2M  The lid 1 of a motor vehicle is attached to the body by two spaced apart arms 2 each of which is articulated at one end 2b to the vehicle body and is pivotally connected at the other end 2a to the lid 1 which can thus pivot between two limited positions about horizontal hinge pins 5. Opening of the lid is assisted by springs 4. The lid is retained in one limited position by its weight from the closed position to the position of pnaximum upward rotation of the arms 2; thereafter the lid may be further opened and retained in a second position, with the assistance of a torsion spring 9, by rotating it about the pins 5. The spring 9 has a central U-shaped portion 9b acting in the lid and end portions 9c acting on the arms 2 through pins 10.
Patent GB-780896-A (GB)
Title: Improvements in synthetic rubbery polymers derived from polyester-diisocyanate reaction products
IPC: C08G18/10
Filed: 1955-06-24
Abstract: Curable linear polyester-diisocyanate intermediates containing available isocyanate groups are mixed prior to cure with water in an amount less than stoichiometrically equivalent to said isocyanate groups to form a curable gum which is mixed with a diisocyanate in a proportion of from 1 to 10 parts of said di-isocyanate per 100 parts by weight of said curable gum. Specified di-isocyanates are ethylene di-isocyanate, hexamethylene di-isocyanate, tetramethylene di-isocyanate, propylene-1,2-di-isocyanate, 1,4-di-isocyanatecyclohexane, m- and p-phenylene di-isocyanate, toluene di-isocyanate, p,p1-diphenyl di-isocyanate, 1,5-naphthalene di-isocyanate, p,p1-diphenyl methane di-isocyanate and phenylene di-isocyanate.  In the examples, a polyester derived from adipic acid, propylene glycol and ethylene glycol was reacted with 4,41-di-isocyanate diphenyl methane, the resultant intermediate being treated with water and then reacted with a solution of diphenyl methane di-isocyanate in o-dichlorobenzene on a rubber mill.  The products may be shaped by moulding, extruding or calendering and fillers, reinforcing agents and pigments may be introduced by milling.
Patent GB-1164423-A (GB)
Title: Automatic Electrode Adjustment Method for Mercury Cathode Cells
Inventor: GEBAUER WOLFGANG
IPC: C25B15/04
Filed: 1968-04-18
Abstract: 1,164,423. Mercury cathode cells. FARBENFABRIKEN BAYER A. G. April 18, 1968 [April 18, 1967], No.18297/68. Heading C7B. The distances of the anodes, which are all driven by a common drive, from the mercury cathode in an alkali metal chloride cell are automatically adjusted by controlling the movement of the anodes by impulses received from one or more time relays. The anodes may be moved towards the mercury cathode at predetermined time intervals until short-circuiting occurs, then moved away from the cathode at uniform speed for an adjustable length of time before again being moved towards the cathode at the same speed for an adjustable smaller length of time. Alternatively, the anodes may be moved towards the cathode at predetermined time intervals for a length of time which is the quotient of the speed of anodes movement and the extent to which the anodes are burnt away during the time intervals.
Patent GB-807306-A (GB)
Title: Improvements in or relating to extraction vessels
IPC: C13B10/10
Filed: 1955-06-24
Abstract: 807,306. Extracting sugar. MASCHINENFABRIK BUCKAU R. WOLF A.G. June 24, 1955 [June 29, 1954], No. 18320/55. Addition to 776,445. Class 127. In a vessel for the countercurrent extraction by liquid of sugar beet cossettes, sugar cane and the like (Figs. 1 and 4) comprising a stationary outer tube 1, a rotatable central tube 2 concentrically in the outer tube, lining or casing tubes 4 and 5 at axial distances apart and fixed coaxially to the outer tube by arms 6 oblique to the axis of the tubes, and stirrer arms 3 from the central tube and extending to the walls of the tubes 5 and 1, in accordance with the parent Specification, the stirrer arms 3 have profiles similar to aerofoils but differing therefrom in that the pressure side of the stirrer arm is forward in the direction of rotation of the arm and the suction side away from this direction, so that the pressure wave (+ +) produced in the liquid by a stirrer arm on rotation of the central tube reaches the suction wave ( -- ) of the stirrer arm preceding, and the fixing arms 6 are disposed between the planes of the stirrer arms and are inclined at an angle, e.g. at 45 degrees, to the axis of the rotatable tube. Preferably, the impact edges of the stirrer arms 3 are curved, the radius of curvature being 2 cm., the rear ends 3a of the stirrer arms are grid-like, and the one-plane projection of the revolving stirrer arms 3 is 1/3-“ of the overall cross-section of the vessel.
Patent GB-310489-A (GB)
Title: Improvements relating to annealing cases
IPC: C21D9/00
Filed: 1928-06-25
Abstract: 310,489. AciÚries Reunies de Burbach-Eich-Dudelange Soc. Anon. April 27, 1928, [Convention date]. Drawings to Specification. Annealing-boxes.-An annealing-cover of cast steel is provided with a vaulted top shaped to an " alysseide " surface.
Patent GB-1023404-A (GB)
Title: Gyroscopically stabilised rockets
IPC: F42B12/12
Filed: 1964-05-04
Abstract: 1,023,404. Stabilizing projectiles. BREDA MECCANICA BREXIANA S.p.A. May 4, 1964 [July 31, 1963], No. 18357/64. Heading F3A. A gyroscopically stabilized rocket has a non- rotary part with fins and a rotary stabilizing part rotated by a torque generated by the rocket propulsion unit. The non-rotary part comprises a casing 1 (Fig. 1, not shown), fins 3 and a charge 2 (which may be hollow), while the rotary part comprises a casing 6 for a propellant and a nozzle 10 in the mouth of which are fixed inclined deflector plates 11 which induce a torque for rotation as a result of impact of the propellent gases. The rotary part is mounted on roller bearings 7, 8 within the non-rotary casing 1. In a modification the rotary part is limited to the exit portion of the propulsion unit where the deflector plates are situated.
Patent GB-620054-A (GB)
Title: Improvements in or relating to colour filters
IPC: G02B5/28
Filed: 1946-06-20
Abstract: 620,054. Colour filters. AMBROSE, E. J., PACEY, D. J., and SALMON, J. G. June 20, 1946, No. 18538. [Class 97 (i)] In a colour filter which comprises a surface which is partially light-reflecting and partially light-transmitting and another surface which is at least partially light-reflecting, the surfaces are so disposed as to give rise to interference effects, whereby, if the light incident on the first surface comprises different wavelengths, the light transmitted or reflected by the filter is of a different colour, and means are provided whereby the separation of the two surfaces may be varied under the control of electric signals so that the colour of the transmitted or reflected light is varied. In one form, a piezo-electric crystal 2 is cemented at 6 to a transparent plate 5 which is separated from a transparent plate 3 by elements 7 and flexible packing 8. The crystal surface 1 is coated as with aluminium or silver, while the surface 4 of plate 3 is similarly coated. The initial distance between the surfaces 1 and 4 is adjusted by three equidistant screws 9 and a potential difference is applied between the surfaces 1 and 6 of the crystal. In another form, the colour filter which may be disposed in the light path from an object to a photo-electric mosaic screen or cathode associated with a television transmitter and may also be used in a television receiver, may comprise adjacent surfaces of two glass plates the distance between which is varied by the application of a potential difference across the ends of one or more piezoelectric crystals, which constitute spacing means. The surfaces which give rise to interference effects may be disposed obliquely with reference to one another.
Patent GB-1196090-A (GB)
Title: Improvements in Leather-Like Poromeric Material
IPC: B32B27/00
Filed: 1968-04-19
Abstract: 1,196,090. Microporous laminates. UNIROYAL Inc. 19 April, 1968 [18 May, 1967], No. 18546/68. Heading B5N. [Also in Divisions B1-B2 and D1] A poromeric material comprises a sheet of normally solid, film-forming polymer in the form of nodules and fibroids of froth coalesced together at parts of contact, the nodules and fibroids containing internal bubbles. The material is obtained by dissolving gas in a solution of the polymer in an organic solvent and spraying the solution on a receiving surface and directing an air stream having a velocity higher than that of spray through the sprayed particles to atomize the particles before deposition on the receiving surface, the solution being maintained under pressure until the instant of spraying when it enters the zone of low pressure so that the gas comes out of solution to form bubbles in the sprayed particles of solution, which particles, when deposited on the receiving surface partially coalesce to form the microporous sheet. The film-forming polymer may be a thermoplastic polyurethane elastomer, a vinyl resin such as polyvinyl chloride which may be mixed with other polymers such as polyurethanes, butadiene-acrylonitrile copolymers, thermosetting polyurethanes or vulcanizable rubbers, or block copolymers of styrene and butadiene. Nitrocellulose may also be present. Numerous suitable solvents are specified and plasticizers may be also present as well as antioxidants, pigments and other suitable compound ingredients. The gas may be a nitrogen or carbon dioxide and the support may be a release paper which is provided with a pattern such as a negative reproduction of a leather-like grain to impart the grain of the leather to the product. A number of successive layers may be built upon the receiving surface by repeated spraying and spraying conditions may be varied so as to deposit first a relatively dense layer and then further a less dense layer. The products may be laminated to a fabric, such as a drill type fabric or to a rubber coated fleece, using a conventional rubber cement.
Patent GB-1067404-A (GB)
Title: Halogenation process
IPC: C09B3/00
Filed: 1965-05-03
Abstract: Water insoluble aromatic compounds containing at least three rings of which at least two are fused are halogenated with bromine or chlorine in a reaction medium consisting of one or more monohydric aliphatic alcohols and one or more other organic diluents.  The aromatic compound may be an anthraquinone, benzanthrone, violanthrone, isoviolanthrone, pyranthrone, anthanthrone, indanthrone, indigo or thioindigo.  The non-alcoholic diluent may be a halogenated or nitrated aromatic hydrocarbon.
Patent GB-624932-A (GB)
Title: Improvements in air distributor devices
IPC: F24F13/06
Filed: 1947-07-12
Abstract: 624,932. Ventilating-devices. STEWART, Sir F. C. July 12, 1947, No. 18601. [Class 137] [Also in Group XXIX] An air distributing device comprises a nozzle 2 of circular or other form presenting a ported wall within an air duct 1 and a diffuser plate 8 fixed within the nozzle. The walls of the nozzle may be parallel or may converge towards the outlet. An annular valve 3 is carried by arms 4 radiating from a screw threaded boss 5 engaging a screw 6 provided with an adjusting knob 7. The diameter of the valve at the inlet is the same as the diameter of the nozzle at the outlet while the diameter of the valve at the outlet is the same as the diameter of the diffuser plate with the result that there are two air passages which can be reduced or cut off by adjustment of the knob 7. In an intermediate position of the valve, as shown, air flows through the valve and is diffused radially while air being discharged in an axial direction increases as the valve is raised. The air flow is completely cut off when the valve is lowered to touch the diffuser plate.
Patent GB-1371481-A (GB)
Title: Electrically-operated swing
IPC: A63G9/16
Filed: 1973-04-18
Abstract: An automatic swing structure which is actuated by repelling magnetic fields periodically established by an electric circuit including a stationary electro-magnet and a movable permanent magnet mounted to the swing which moves through the magnetic field of the stationary electro-magnet with each oscillation of the swing.
Patent GB-912068-A (GB)
Title: Improved polymer latexes and process for preparing the same
IPC: C08F36/04
Filed: 1961-05-23
Abstract: Monovinyl aromatic monomers, open chain aliphatic conjugated dienes and/or alkyl acrylates and methacrylates or mixtures thereof are polymerized in aqueous emulsion at 60 DEG  to 80 DEG C. using in addition to an anionic emulsifier from 0,5 to 5% based on the monomers, of a cellulose ether which is either methyl p  cellulose or a hydroxy alkyl cellulose ether having from 2-3 carbon atoms in the hydroxyalkyl group and from 1 to 2 carbon atoms in the alkyl group, the cellulose ether having a gelation temperature in aqueous solution below the polymerization temperature.  Specified monomers include butadiene, 2-methylbutadiene, 2,3-dimethyl butadiene, piperylene, 2-neopentylbutadiene, 2-chlorobutadiene, 2-cyano-butadiene, hexadienes, styrene, paramethyl styrene, isopropyl styrene, parachlorostyrene, alpha-methyl styrene and ethyl, butyl, and 2-ethyl-hexylacrylates.  The anionic emulsifiers may be the alkyl aryl sulphonates, the alkali metal alkyl sulphates, and the soaps-mixtures of anionic and non-ionic emulsifiers may also be used. Specified cellulose ethers are methyl cellulose, and hydroxyethyl methyl, hydroxypropyl methyl, hydroxyethyl ethyl and hydroxypropyl ethyl celluloses.  While hydrogen peroxide, potassium sulphate or redox catalysts may be used the preferred catalyst is a mixture of potassium persulphate and benzoyl peroxide.
Patent GB-263691-A (GB)
Title: Improvements in or relating to means for connecting buckles to belts
IPC: A44B11/00
Filed: 1926-07-26
Abstract: 263,691. James, E. le R. July 26, 1926. Clamps, eccentric; hook fastenings.-A fastening 12 is detachably connected with a belt or strap 10 by means of a spring-hooked clasp member 13 having a restricted portion 22 engaging an eye or loop on the fastening and fixed to the strap bv bending over the sides 17 of the blank from which the member 13 is made. Teeth 18 may be struck out of the blank to increase the grip. In the fastening shown, a passage for the strap or belt is provided in which is pivoted the link or eye 24 to which the clasp member is attached.