Patent GB-771626-A (GB)
Title: Aqueous surface active agent compositions
IPC: C11D3/16
Filed: 1955-01-24
Abstract: Symmetrical tertiary acetylenic glycols of the formula <FORM:0771626/IV(b)/1> wherein R is an alkyl group of 1-4 carbon atoms and R1 is methyl, ethyl, cyclopropyl or phenyl, useful for reducing the surface tension and increasing the wetting properties of aqueous systems, may be prepared by reacting calcium carbide, an alkali metal hydroxide and the corresponding ketone, or by reacting the ketone with an alkali metal acetylide, or by reacting acetylene with an excess of the ketone in the presence of solid caustic potash in a solvent medium.  Specified glycols are 2,4,7,9-tetramethyl-5-decyne - 4,7 - diol; 4,7 - dimethyl - 5 - decyne - 4,7 - diol; 2,3,6,7 - tetramethyl - 4 - octyne - 3,6 - diol; 3,6 - diethyl - 4 - octyne - 3,6 - diol; 2,5 - dicyclopropyl - 3 - hexyne - 2,5 - diol; 3,6-dimethyl - 4 - octyne - 3,6 - diol; 2,5 - diphenyl-3-hexyne-2,5-diol; 2,5-dimethyl-3-hexyne-2,5-diol; and 5,8-dimethyl-6-dodecyne-5,8-diol.ALSO:Symmetrical tertiary acetylenic glycols of the formula <FORM:0771626/IV(b)/1> wherein R is an alkyl group of 1-4 carbon atoms and R1 is methyl, ethyl, cyclopropyl or phenyl, are useful for reducing the surface tension and increasing the wetting properties of aqueous systems.  Specified glycols are 2, 4, 7, 9-tetramethyl-5-decyne-4, 7 diol; 4, 7-dimethyl-5-decyne-4, 7,diol; 2, 3, 6, 7-tetramethyl-4-octyne-3, 6-diol; 3, 6-diethyl-4-octyne-3, 6-diol; 2, 5-dicyclopropyl-3-hexyne-2, 5-diol; 3, 6-dimethyl-4-octyne-3, 6-diol; 2, 5-diphenyl-3-hexyne-2, 5-diol; 2, 5-dimethyl-3-hexyne-2, 5-diol; and 5, 8-dimethyl-6-dodecyne-5, 8-diol.  The compounds may be employed in wet-processing textile operations and may be incorporated in dentifrices, toilet soaps, shampoos and detergents.  They may also be employed as pigment dispersants or as viscosity depressants for inks and paints.  They may be compounded with the usual builders, detergents and sequestering agents such as alkali metal phosphates, silicates and carbonates, several of which are specified.  Their wetting action is enhanced by the addition of washing soda, soap, aryl alkyl sulphonates, Na5(2-ethylsoap, aryl alkyl sulphonates, Na5(2-ethyl-hexyl)5-(P3O10)2 and an ethylene oxide-propylene glycol polymer.  Several examples of detergent compositions are given, the compositions containing, besides the glycol and alkali builders, carboxy methyl cellulose and sodium tripolyphosphate.ALSO:As wetting agents in cleansing compositions, use is made of symmetrical tertiary acetylenic glycols of the formula <FORM:0771626/III/1> where R is an alkyl group of 1-4 carbon atoms and R1 is methyl, ethyl, cyclopropyl or phenyl.  Specified glycols are 2, 4, 7, 9 - tetramethyl - 5 - decyne - 4, 7 diol; 4, 7 - dimethyl - 5 - decyne - 4, 7 - diol; 2, 3, 6, 7 - tetramethyl - 4 - octyne - 3, 6 - diol; 3, 6 - diethyl - 4 - octyne - 3, 6 - diol; 2, 5 - dicyclopropyl - 3 - hexyne - 2, 5 - diol; 3, 6 -dimethyl - 4 - octyne - 3, 6 - diol; 2, 5 - diphenyl - 3 - hexyne - 2, 5 - diol; 2, 5 - dimethyl - 3 - hexyne - 2, 5 - diol; and 5, 8 - dimethyl - 6 - dodecyne - 5, 8 - diol.  The compositions may also contain the usual builders, detergents and sequestering agents such as alkali metal phosphates, silicates and carbonates, additions including washing soda, soap, aryl alkyl sulphonates Na5 (2 - ethylhexyl 5 (P8O10)2, sodium tripolyphosphate, an ethylene oxide-propylene oxide-propylene glycol polymer and carboxymethyl cellulose. Several examples are given.