baber/WOPTO huggingface dataset:
Patent EP-1018684-A2 (EP)
Inventor: LANE THOMPSON KENNETH
IPC: H04L29/02
Filed: 1999-12-07
Abstract: A programming technique for defining, structuring, and developing event
driven software. More particularly, event driven software is structured in two basic
parts: control-sensitive code and non-control-sensitive code. Control sensitive code
includes the identification of control states, the events that are generated and that must
be recognized, and the responses to the arrival of particular events in particular states.
Further, within the control-sensitive code defining the system, control states are
uniquely identified throughout such program code with a single symbol. The non-control-sensitive
code, specified separately from the control sensitive code, is directed
at the necessary normal sequential code for programming the event driven system such
as the invocation of device drivers, the control of peripheral devices, the updating of
tables, variable definition, etc. Advantageously, the technique allows the software
developer to structure the event driven software application source code such that a
clear distinction is made between core control features, i.e., states, events and
responses, and extraneous details not directly impacting the behavior of the event
driven system. As such, the programmer can readily determine the exact execution
flow from control state-to-control state directly from a cursory examination of the
program code itself as the individual control states have a strong visual context.
Patent EP-1084087-A2 (EP)
Inventor: KLEIN JOHANN
IPC: C04B40/00
Filed: 1999-04-08
Abstract: L'invention concerne une composition à prise hydraulique contenant des amidobétaïnes, des acides carboxyliques d'éther et des alkylbétaïnes comme additifs. L'invention concerne également un procédé de production d'une telle composition, l'utilisation de composés déterminés comme additifs et l'utilisation d'une composition selon l'invention pour produire des corps moulés ainsi que des matériaux de construction, enduits et mastics spéciaux.
Patent EP-1144681-A2 (EP)
Inventor: KARN JONATHAN
IPC: C12Q1/68
Filed: 1999-06-04
Abstract: La présente invention concerne un dosage utilisant une solution permettant d'identifier des composés de fixation d'ARN, mis en compétition. Ce dosage renferme une molécule porteuse transportant un groupe fluorescent ou chromogène pouvant former un complexe à correspondance un pour un avec une molécule cible d'ARN transportant un second groupe fluorescent ou chromogène, de manière à ce que ces deux groupes soient suffisamment proches l'un de l'autre pour permettre le transfert et/ou l'extinction d'énergie de résonance par fluorescence. L'addition d'un composé devant être testé empêche la formation du complexe, augmentant ainsi la fluorescence des molécules cibles et/ou porteuses d'ARN, en fonction du signal obtenu en l'absence du composé d'analyse. Par ailleurs, cette invention concerne des procédés de sélection quantitative.
Patent EP-1121438-A2 (EP)
Title: p53 BINDING AREAS
Inventor: KRAMMER PETER
IPC: G01N33/566
Filed: 1999-10-18
Abstract: The present invention relates to p53 binding areas on a CD95 DNA receptor and to the application of the p53 binding areas in order to affect apoptosis or identify suitable substances therefor.
Patent EP-1135526-A2 (EP)
Inventor: BERLIN KATHRIN
IPC: C12Q1/68
Filed: 1999-11-19
Abstract: The invention relates to a method for identifying 5-methylcytosine positions in genomic DNA. The method is characterised by the following steps: a) the genomic DNA of a cell, a cell line, a tissue or an individual is chemically treated in such a way that the cytosine and 5-methylcytosine react differently and the two products present different base pairing behaviour in the duplex; b) the same nucleic acid section is amplified by means of a polymerase reaction; c) the same nucleic acid section of at least one other cell, cell line, tissue or individual or of any given reference DNA is treated according to steps a) and b); d) heteroduplexes are formed from the at least two amplification products obtained in steps b) and c); and e) a detectable marking is introduced into the heteroduplexes by means of a reaction that is specific to non-complementary base pairs.
Patent EP-1107874-A2 (EP)
Title: Tarpaulin structure
Inventor: FLIEGE DIETER
IPC: B60J7/00
Filed: 1999-09-01
Abstract: The invention relates to a tarpaulin structure for the bodies of motor vehicles and containers, comprising a tarpaulin frame that covers the entire length of the loading compartment, is provided with upper longitudinal fascias and is supported against the body of the motor vehicle by protruding supporting elements. At least one tarpaulin that covers the roof area of the top is supported by bows (8) that are supported on both ends by rollers (6), whereby the bows can slide in a longitudinal direction of the motor vehicle, on the longitudinal fascias (4) of the tarpaulin frame. The neighboring bows (8) are joined to each other in the region of both longitudinal sides of the tarpaulin by a bearing element (9) for the tarpaulin, whereby a reduced distance between both adjacent bows (8) results in the tarpaulin being folded between the adjacent bows in an upwards direction. A tarpaulin structure that enables the bearing elements to be joined to the bows or rollers in a simple manner is achieved by joining the rollers (6) to both the bearing elements (9) for the tarpaulin and to the shafts on the bows (8) so that they engage with each other in an exclusive manner in mutual positive fit.
Patent EP-1141312-A2 (EP)
Inventor: SKEIKY YASIR
IPC: C12N15/31
Filed: 1999-12-23
Abstract: La présente invention se rapporte à des adjuvants immulogogiques. Elle se rapporte notamment à des protéines de Mycobacterium tuberculosis qui stimulent la production d'interleukine-12 (IL-12) et d'interféron gamma. Ces protéines et leurs fragments peuvent être utilisés de manière combinée à un antigène dans le but d'induire et/ou de renforcer une réponse immunitaire à l'antigène. Il est possible également de former une ligature entre des polynucléotides codant ces protéines et une séquence codant un antigène de manière à produire une protéine de fusion utilisable en tant qu'immunogène.
Patent EP-1135162-A2 (EP)
Inventor: RENNER WOLFGANG A
IPC: A61P37/02
Filed: 1999-11-30
Abstract: The invention provides compositions and processes for the production of ordered and repetitive antigen or antigenic determinant arrays. The compositions of the invention are useful for the production of vaccines for the prevention of infectious diseases, the treatment of allergies and the treatment of cancers. Various embodiments of the invention provide for a virus, virus-like particle, viral capsid particle, phage or recombinant form thereof coated with any desired antigen in a highly ordered and repetitive fashion as the result of specific interactions. In one specific embodiment, a versatile new technology based on a cassette-type system (AlphaVaccine Technology) allows production of antigen coated viral particles. Other specific embodiments allow the production of antigen coated hepatitis B virus-like particles or antigen coated Measles virus-like particles.
Patent RO-103399-A2 (RO)
Title: O-acyl derivatives of ring-shaped hydrazide and preparation method
Inventor: PANEA TEODORA
IPC: C07D231/28
Filed: 1989-01-05
Abstract: O-Acyl derivs. of cyclic hydrazides of formula (I) selected from maleic or phthalic hydrozide are new. In (I) R is C6H5CH2CO, C6H5OCH2CO-, (p)-Cl-C6H4-OCH2-CO- or a gp. of formula (a) or (b); X is H or XX is -CH=CH-CH=CH-. (I) is prepd. by reaction of the corresp. cyclic hydrazide with aromatic acyl chloride.
Patent AT-518856-A2 (AT)
Title: Verfahren und Vorrichtung zur Freigabezeitbemessung bei einer verkehrsabhängig steuerbaren Lichtsignalanlage
Inventor: JAN TRUMPOLD
IPC: G08G1/08
Filed: 2017-06-20
Abstract: Die Erfindung betrifft ein Verfahren und eine zugehörige Vorrichtung zur Freigabezeitbemessung bei einer verkehrsabhängig steuerbaren Lichtsignalanlage (1) an einem Verkehrsknoten (4) mit mindestens zwei Zuflüssen (5) von Fahrzeugen (50), umfassend die folgenden Schritte: Erfassen von Fahrzeugen (50) jeweils während einer Freigabephase (104) mittels jeweils einem Detektorfeld (3-1) an den Zuflüssen (5) des Verkehrsknotens (4), Bestimmen einer Zeitlücke (107) zwischen zwei aufeinanderfolgend erfassten Fahrzeugen (50) mittels einer Auswerte- und Steuereinrichtung (7), Vergleichen der bestimmten Zeitlücke (107) mit einem vorgegebenen Zeitlückengrenzwert (108) mittels der Auswerte- und Steuereinrichtung (7), Anpassen einer Dauer der Freigabephase (104) in Abhängigkeit des Vergleichsergebnisses mittels der Auswerteund Steuereinrichtung (7), wobei jeweils während der Freigabephasen (104) eine Geschwindigkeit der Fahrzeuge (50) an dem jeweiligen Zufluss (5) bestimmt wird und wobei auf Grundlage der bestimmten Geschwindigkeit mittels der Auswerte- und Steuereinrichtung (7) eine Auswahl zwischen dem Detektorfeld (3-1) und mindestens einem weiteren Detektorfeld (3-2 bis 3-n) an dem entsprechendem Zufluss (5) getroffen wird, so dass die Zeitlücke (107) jeweils mittels dem für den Zufluss (5) ausgewählten Detektorfeld (3-1 bis 3-n) erfasst und bestimmt wird.
Patent AT-515181-A2 (AT)
Title: Verfahren zur herstellung von isolierung aus verbundmaterial mit zusatz von flüssigholz
Inventor: VERSNIK SAMO
IPC: C08L61/28
Filed: 2014-12-03
Abstract: Gegenstand der Erfindung ist ein Verfahren, dessen Ergebnisse Produkte aus recyceltem Polyurethanschaum, Polyesterfasern, Gummi, Steinwolle und Textil sind, für welche als Bindemittel nebst Metamin-Harnstoff- Formaldehyd-Harz auch erneuerbare Ressourcen verwendet werden. Dabei handelt es sich um 30 % Flüssigholz und 3 % Katalysator (Ammoniumformiat) des gesamten Bindemittelgemischs, womit das Polyurethanbindemittel ersetzt wird, welches als toxisch erachtet wird und verhältnismäßig teuer ist für die Massenherstellung.
Patent AT-523318-A2 (AT)
Title: Rohrschneidewerkzeug
IPC: B23D21/00
Filed: 2020-12-22
Abstract: Ein Schneidwerkzeug (10) zum Schneiden eines zylindrischen Rohrs umfasst eine erste und eine zweite Spannbacke (12, 14), die durch ein Scharnier (16) verbunden sind und zwischen einer geöffneten und geschlossenen Position beweglich sind. Die Spannbacken definieren zwischen sich eine Umfassung (18) zum Aufnehmen eines Rohrs, und das Werkzeug umfasst ferner ein in die Umfassung ragendes Schneidmesser (20). Die durch die Spannbacken definierte Umfassung umfasst einen ersten Abschnitt (18a) mit einem ersten Durchmesser und einen zweiten Abschnitt (18b) mit einem zweiten Durchmesser, wobei der erste Durchmesser kleiner als der zweite Durchmesser ist, und das Schneidmesser ist so positioniert, dass es ein in dem ersten Abschnitt oder in dem zweiten Abschnitt sitzendes Rohr schneiden kann.
Patent BR-PI0518946-A2 (BR)
Title: fio de vidro de reforÇo, conjunto de fios de vidro, compàsito de fios de vidro e de matÉria(s) orgÂnica(s) e composiÇço de vidro
Inventor: LECOMTE EMMANUEL
IPC: C03C3/091
Filed: 2005-12-15
Abstract: FIO DE VIDRO DE REFORÇO, CONJUNTO DE FIOS DE VIDRO, COMPàSITO DE FIOS DE VIDRO E DE MATÉRIA(S) ORGÂNICA(S) E/OU INORGÂNICA(S) E COMPOSIÇçO DE VIDRO. A invenção se refere a fios de vidro de reforço cuja composição compreende os seguintes constituintes nos limites definidos acima expressos em porcentagens ponderais 50 - 65% SiO~ 2~ A1~ 2~O~ 3~ 12 - 20% CaO 12 - 17% MgO 6 - 12% 2, de preferência 1,3 CaO/MgO 0,1 - 0,8%, de preferência 0,6% Li~ 2~O BaO+SrO 0-3% B~ 2~O~ 3~ 0-3% TiO~ 2~ 0-3% Na~ 2~O + K~ 2~0 <2% 0-1% F~ 2~ Fe~ 2~O~ 3~ < 1%. Estes fios são constituídos de um vidro que oferece um excelente compromisso entre suas propriedades mecânicas representadas pelo módulo de Young específico e suas condições de fusão e de formação de fibra.
Patent BR-PI0520508-A2 (BR)
Title: veìculo, conjunto de motor de combustão interna, e, método para operar um veìculo de trabalho
Inventor: CHANEY MARK MICHAEL
IPC: A01F12/00
Filed: 2005-09-02
Abstract: VEìCULO, CONJUNTO DE MOTOR DE COMBUSTãO INTERNA, E, MéTODO PARA OPERAR UM VEìCULO DE TRABALHO. Um. veículo de trabalho, tal como uma combinada agrícola (10) inclui úni corpo de veículo (12) e um motor de combustão interna conduzido pelo corpo do veículo. Um captador de ar (40) tem uma entrada (42) posicionada próxima ao topo do corpo do veículo (12) e voltada em uma direção para cima, é deslocável entre uma posição aberta para operação do veículo, e uma posição fechada para transporte do veículo. Quando o captador de ar está na posição fechada, o perfil do veículo é mais estreito do que quando o captador de ar, assegurando para cada transporte do veículo, especialmente ao mover o veículo através de espaços confinados, estreitas rodovias ou estreitos leitos ferroviários.
Patent BR-PI0520758-A2 (BR)
Title: terminal de usuário, serviço de rede, terminal de iniciação de chamada, método para comunicação através de uma rede de telecomunicações, programa de computador, e, portador de dados
Inventor: DEN OG JOS
IPC: H04M1/725
Filed: 2005-12-23
Abstract: TERMINAL DE USUáRIO, SERVIçO DE REDE, TERMINAL DE INICIAçãO DE CHAMADA, MéTODO PARA COMUNICAçãO ATRAVéS DE UMA REDE DE TELECOMUNICAçõES, PROGRAMA DE COMPUTADOR, E, PORTADOR DE DADOS. Método e sistema de resposta induzida para telefonia baseada em CS. Um terminal de usuário (5) para comunicação através de uma rede de telecomunicações (3) inclui pelo menos um dispositivo de telefonia-CS (CSO) para processamento de sinais de telefonia baseada em CS (CS1, CS2), os sinais de telefonia baseada em CS sendo recebidos e transmitidos através de um serviço de suporte comutado por circuito. O terminal de usuário é disposto para recebimento de um sinal adicional relacionado com a resposta (PS 1; CS3), o sinal adicional relacionado com a resposta estando associado com um sinal de alerta-CS (CS 1) que entra de uma chamada que entra. Ainda, o terminal de usuário é disposto para transmissão de um sinal de resposta ou sinal de resposta de CS (CS2) através do serviço de suporte comutado por circuito em resposta à informação incluída no, ou derivada do, sinal adicional relacionado com a resposta.
Patent BR-PI0520776-A2 (BR)
Inventor: DAGHINI GUIDO LUIGI
IPC: B60C9/20
Filed: 2005-12-23
Abstract: A pneumatic tire having a belt structure includes: a first belt layer; a second belt layer in a radially inner position with respect to the first belt layer, a third belt layer in a radially inner position with respect to the first and second belt layers, each belt layer including a plurality of elongated reinforcing elements disposed at a first, second and third belt angle respectively. The first and second belt angles have an absolute value of 15 to 40 degrees; the second angle is of opposite sign with respect to the first belt angle; and the third belt angle has an absolute value of 40 to 90 degrees and is of opposite sign with respect to the second belt angle. The belt structure also includes a zero degree belt layer placed in a radially outer position with repeat to the first belt layer including elongated reinforcing elements arranged such as to form a belt angle which is substantially zero.
Patent BR-PI0606161-A2 (BR)
Inventor: DUCK SUNG
IPC: H04W4/06
Filed: 2006-01-03
Abstract: A method of transmitting/receiving a data block is disclosed. In receiving at least one data block multiplexed to one physical channel, the present invention includes the steps of receiving control information for a data block transmission, checking whether there is a necessity for configuring a table having combination information of data block sizes internally, and configuring the table having the combination information of the data block sizes for a data block reception according to a result of the checking step. Accordingly, the present invention internally configures the Calculated Transport Format Combination (CTFC) information without receiving separate CTFC information, thereby facilitating the reception of data blocks.
Patent BR-PI0606882-A2 (BR)
Inventor: KLOSS HENNING
IPC: A61B17/02
Filed: 2006-02-08
Abstract: Spine vertebra support device for twpporting two sucessive vertebras having a base body (1) with two supports (2A, 2B), which can be adjacent and planoconvex.
Patent BR-PI0608296-A2 (BR)
Inventor: DENKER WOLFGANG
IPC: B21B38/06
Filed: 2006-05-19
Abstract: An apparatus for manufacturing a metal strip (1) includes a number of rolls (2, 3, 4, 5) over which the metal strip (1) is guided in a transporting direction under a strip tension that insures that the strip is flat to a large extent at least between two rolls (2, 3) and a light source (6) operable for illuminating an area of the metal strip (1) as it moves in the transporting direction. Two cameras (7, 8), which are located in a region of the light source (6) at a distance from each other, are operable for photographing the area of the metal strip (1) illuminated by the light source from two different directions.
Patent BR-PI0608905-A2 (BR)
Inventor: GELBIN MICHAEL E
IPC: C08K5/00
Filed: 2006-04-28
Abstract: A method for increasing the stability of a thermoplastic resin in the presence of water is disclosed wherein said method comprises adding to said resin a stabilizing amount of a blend of: (A) at least one aromatic amine antioxidant; and (B) at least one sterically hindered phenol antioxidant. Such stabilized resins, which are preferably high density polyethylene, are especially useful for the fabrication of pipes for the transport of water, particularly chlorinated potable water.
Patent BR-PI0609739-A2 (BR)
Title: cristal, forma amorfa, método para produzir o cristal, composição farmacêutica, composição antagonista de receptor de quimiocina, e, droga preventiva ou droga terapêutica para doença
Inventor: SATO YOSHINORI
IPC: C07D403/06
Filed: 2006-04-06
Abstract: CRISTAL, FORMA AMORFA, MéTODO PARA PRODUZIR O CRISTAL, COMPOSIçãO FARMACêUTICA, COMPOSIçãO ANTAGONISTA DE RECEPTOR DE QUIMIOCINA, E, DROGA PREVENTIVA OU DROGA TERAPêUTICA PARA DOENçA. Duas formas de cristal de (R)-3-[2-(2-amino-5- trifluorometoxibenzamido)acetamido] -1 -(6-metilindol-3 -il-metil)-pirrolidina que exibem padrões de difração em pó de raio X específicos ou espectro de absorção no infravermelho, forma amorfa deste, uma composição farmacóutica contendo a forma de cristal ou amorfa como um ingrediente ativo, assim como métodos para prepará-los são fornecidos.
Patent BR-PI0611209-A2 (BR)
Title: estruturas fibrosas compreendendo uma estrutura de polÍmero
Inventor: EVERS-SMITH LINDA
IPC: C08J9/00
Filed: 2006-06-02
Abstract: Trata-se de estruturas de polírnero e de métodos para a fabricação de tais estruturas de polírnero. Mais particuiarmente, são fornecidas estruturas de polímero que compreendem uma estrutura de polímero de hidroxila, como uma fibra que compreende um polimero de hidroxila. Ainda mais particularmente, são fornecidas estruturas fibrosas que compreendem uma estrutura de polímero de hidroxila, como uma fibra que compreende um polímero de hidroxila, sendo que a estrutura fibrosa tem um Fator CETM menor que 20 e/ou a um Fator CETM*L^2^ menor que 950.
Patent BR-PI0612067-A2 (BR)
Title: processo para formação de polpa organosolv, e, uso de um composto
Inventor: LEONARDUS PETRUS
IPC: D21C3/20
Filed: 2006-06-14
Abstract: "processo para formação de polpa organosolv, e, uso de um composto" a invenção fornece um processo para formação de polpa organosolv, em que material de alimentação lignocelulósico sólido é aquecido em uma temperatura na faixa de 50 a 210°c em um solvente para obtenção de uma fração celulósica sólida contendo pelo menos 50% em peso da celulose presente no material de alimentação e uma fração líquida, onde o solvente inclui pelo menos 10% em peso de um composto de acordo com a fórmula molecular geral (1) em que rla r6, representam, cada um, independentemente, um átomo de hidrogênio ou um grupo orgânico ligado a um átomo de carbono ao grupo lactona. a invenção provê adicionalmente o uso de um composto de acordo com a fórmula molecular geral (1) em um solvente para formação de polpa organosolv.
Patent BR-PI0612825-A2 (BR)
Inventor: ESPINASSE PHILIPPE
IPC: E21B17/01
Filed: 2006-07-10
Abstract: A method and an installation for connecting a rigid submarine pipe and a flexible submarine pipe. The rigid pipe terminates in a free connection end. The flexible pipe has a flow-line portion and a suspended portion. The flow-line portion has an input end connected to the free connection end. The installation comprises an anchoring device to hold the flow-line portion anchored at an anchor point and to allow the flow-line portion to form an undulation. The anchoring device is suitable for holding the anchor point at a distance and close to the free connection end to form the undulation between the anchor point and the free connection end.
Patent BR-PI0614632-A2 (BR)
Title: composto; método para o tratamento de uma doença ou distúrbio associado com atividade excessiva da bace em um paciente carente dele; método para modular a atividade de bace; e composição farmacêutica
Inventor: GUNAWAN IWAN SUWANDI
IPC: A61K31/4168
Filed: 2006-07-24
Abstract: COMPOSTO; METODO PARA O TRATAMENTO DE UMA DOENçA OU DISTúRBIO ASSOCIADO COM ATIVIDADE EXCESSIVA DA BACE EM UM PACIENTE CARENTE DELE; MéTODO PARA MODULAR A ATIVIDADE DE BACE; E COMPOSIçAO FARMACêUTICA. A presente invenção proporciona um composto de 2-amino-5-cicloalquilhidantoína de fórmula (1) A presente invenção também proporciona métodos e composições para a inibição de <225>-secretase (BACE) e para o tratamento de depósitos de <225>-amilóide e emaranhamentos neurofibrilares.
Patent BR-PI0615768-A2 (BR)
Inventor: NAGY SANDOR
IPC: C08F4/02
Filed: 2006-08-11
Abstract: A catalyst system useful for polymerizing olefins is disclosed. The catalyst system comprises a cocatalyst and a supported transition metal prepared from a halogen-containing Group 4-6 transition metal compound and an organoaluminum-siloxane containing mixture. The latter mixture, which is prepared from an organoaluminum compound and an organomagnesium-siloxane reaction product, incorporates a chelating ligand. The invention includes a method for making the catalyst system and a process for polymerizing olefins using the catalyst system. The process is convenient and avoids expensive catalyst components used in known olefin polymerization processes.
Patent BR-PI0618470-A2 (BR)
Inventor: KOENIG GERD
IPC: C21B5/00
Filed: 2006-11-09
Abstract: Apparatus for operating a shaft furnace, whereby an upper section of the shaft furnace is charged with raw materials which due to gravity descend inside the furnace while the atmosphere prevailing within the shaft furnace causes part of the raw materials to melt and/or to be reduced, and in a lower section of the shaft furnace a process gas is injected so as to at least partly modify the atmosphere prevailing in the shaft furnace. The pressure and/or volume flow of the injected process gas is dynamically modulated within a time span of 40 s. Also, a shaft furnace operable by said method, thus achieving improved through-gassing.
Patent BR-PI0620333-A2 (BR)
Title: sistema de segurança para reduzir a energia de impacto de um conteiner em uma aeronave e método para reduzir a energia de impacto
Inventor: MERZ LUDGER
IPC: B64C1/10
Filed: 2006-12-15
Abstract: SISTEMA DE SEGURANçA PARA REDUZIR A ENERGIA DE IMPACTO DE UM CONTeINER EM UMA AERONAVE E MéTODO PARA REDUZIR A ENERGIA DE IMPACTO A presente invenção refere-se a um sistema de segurança para reduzir a energia de impacto de um conteiner (2; 9) para uma aeronave. Nessa disposição, o sistema de segurança compreende um compartimento de carga da aeronave (10) com pelo menos uma parede de segurança (1); um dispositivo de acomodação (4); e pelo menos uma bolsa de ar (3) . O dispositivo de acomodação (4) pode ser fixado à parede de segurança (1), em que o dispositivo de acomodação (4) é projetado para acomodar a pelo menos uma bolsa de ar (3) . No caso de um movimento do conteiner (2; 9), a pelo menos uma bolsa de ar (3) pode ser ativada, de modo que o ar possa ser injetado na bolsa de ar (3), de modo que parte da energia de impacto do conteiner (2; 9) possa ser absorvida por meio da pelo menos uma bolsa de ar (3) ativada, com as forças restantes sendo então distribuídas sobre uma área da pelo menos uma parede de segurança (1).