Patent GB-588491-A (GB)
Title: Improvements in or relating to record-card controlled accounting machines
Filed: 1945-02-22
Abstract: 588,491. Statistical apparatus. BRITISH TABULATING MACHINE CO., Ltd. (International Business Machines Corporation). Feb. 22, 1945, No. 4516. [Class 106 (i)] A record card controlled accounting machine comprises a pair of card magazines each associated with feeding means for feeding cards from the related magazine through a related sensing means, high, equal, low comparing means for comparing group data of two cards in the two sensing means respectively and causing one or the other feeding means to operate accordingly, and an accumulator controlled by both sensing devices and the comparing means. In the embodiment described, successive master cards in a magazine 13, Fig. 1, contain data as follows : name, street, city, balance, instalment payment. Detail cards in the other magazine 18 contain details of purchases and goods returned. All cards contain the customer's surname which controls the comparing means. Cards read simultaneously at brushes M1 and D1 set up a comparing network, Fig. 17c, which determines which of the two feeding means shall continue to operate. Cams C12 ... 17 are timed to close contacts R1a ... 6a &c. so that impulses received in wires 185 and 186 from the master and detail card reading brushes respectively serve to energize relays R1M ... R6M, R1D ... R6D, &c. in accordance with a code. A test impulse is then passed through the network controlled by these relays (e.g. note heavy line in Fig. 17c) and energizes one of three relays LD, E and HD, according to whether the comparison reveals a low detail, equal, or high detail condition. The energized relay then controls the circuits including clutch-controlling magnets whereby either the shaft driving the master feed rollers 15, Fig. 1, or the shaft driving the detail feed rollers 20 is coupled with the constantly rotating shaft driving feed rollers 48. Printing mechanism. The secondary sensing brushes M2, D2, Fig. 1, control known printing mechanism, Fig. 8. The energization of a magnet 95 pulls a call wire 97 which rocks a bell-crank 100 and releases a clutch arm 89 to engage a dog 91 with the appropriate notch of a rotating wheel 87. Thus the print wheel 92 is driven through an intermediate gear 93 and continues to rotate until the engagement of a second clutch 111, whereby cam means 109 rock the three-armed member 108 carrying the print wheel and engage the latter with the platen, the rolling of the print wheel 92 over the intermediate gear 93 serving to bring the type squarely against the platen. The engagement of the second clutch 111 is controlled either by the sensing of a second hole in the card (i.e. when alphabetical data is being sensed) or, in the case of numerical data, by a cam 114 which rocks a lever 115 and, through a link 117 rocks an interposer 118 to bring its opposite end into engagement with a depending arm 113 of a bell-crank 112 controlling the clutch 111. At a predetermined time in the machine cycle, the cam followers 120, on which the interposers 118 are pivoted, move into a lower part of the cam and those interposers which have been positioned push the arms 113 and so release the clutches. The alphabetical printing is performed before this; a camcontrolled rod 101, together with the call wire 97, is lowered after the sensing of the first perforations and a second energization of the magnet 95 at the " O," " X " or " R " position causes the call wire 97 to rock the arm 113 and so actuate the printing mechanism at the time the appropriate letter is opposite the platen. Four pockets P1 ... P4, Fig. 1, are provided for receiving the cards which have passed through the machine. Pocket P1 is for detail cards which are to be kept separate ; pocket P2 may receive detail or master cards, or both ; pockets P3 and P4 are adapted to receive master cards only. Flexible leaves 66, Figs. and 7, serve to guide the cards to the various pockets, the leaves being positioned by L-shaped members 71, 71a which are controlled by magnets S1, S3, S4 energized by the sensing of perforations in the cards. Energization of magnet S4, for example, frees the armature and latchplate 68 from the member 71, and a spring 75 causes the member to press down the leaf upon which it rests and so guide the card over instead of under this leaf. The arrangement of the controlled leaves 63, 64, 65 is shown in Fig. 7. The accumulator, Fig. 10, is of known type in which a ratchet, normally held out of engagement with a complementary ratchet-wheel by leaf springs, is pressed into engagement by the sensing of a numeral in the card to drive the accumulator, a corresponding amount. In the case of negative amounts, the " nines " complement is added into the accumulator by engaging the ratchets at the beginning of the numeral sensing period and disengaging them upon sensing a perforation. A bevelled wheel 150 on a bell-crank 151 serves to cam the ratchets into engagement when the energization of a magnet 153 pulls its armature 152 out of engagement with the bell-crank 151. The energization of a subtract magnet 165 releases a lever 166 for anticlockwise rotation and a pin 168 on this lever engages and restores the bell-crank lever 151. The transfer mechanism comprises a cam 148 which co-operates with a lever 162 which positions a blade 159 in relation to contacts 160, 161. The contacts form part of a network, Fig. 17b, for carrying and adding in the fugitive one." The reading of detail brushes D1 and D2 control a second (known) comparing mechanism in which a relay GC, Fig. 17b, is energized if there is disagreement between the two readings. Specifications 422,143 and 523,652 are referred to.