Patent GB-665195-A (GB)
Title: Improvements in or relating to water-soluble synthetic resinous compositions
IPC: C08L101/00
Filed: 1948-03-15
Abstract: Synthetic resinous compositions which diluted with solvents are suitable for use as stove-finishing varnishes, impregnants, adhesives, &c., are produced by combining at moderate temperature (1) a hardenable phenol-alcohol, methylol-urea, or methylolated melamine condensate or ether thereof, (2) a modified or unmodified alkyd resin having a hydroxyl equivalent of 150-250, and (3) ammonia or a strong organic base, i.e. a primary, secondary or tertiary amine which forms a soap with component (2).  The phenol-alcohols are preferably those obtained by reaction of formaldehyde under alkaline conditions with phenols having substituent groups in the ortho and para positions. Alkyd resins having the desired hydroxyl equivalent are obtained by employing as the polyhydric alcohol glycols, pentaerythritol, polypentaerythritols, or polyalcohols obtained by interacting formaldehyde with aldehydes or ketones, e.g. trimethylolpropane, enneaheptitol, tetramethylol cyclehexanol, and as the polycarboxylic acid, succinic, adipic, sebacic acids, citric, maleic, fumaric, phthalic, hexahydro phthalic, camphoric acids or reaction products of maleic anhydride with high molecular compounds having conjugated double bonds, e.g. rosin acids, ricinoleic acid, eleostearic acid or fatty acid distillation residues.  Organic bases specified are polyalkylene amines, putrescine, cadaverine, alkylolamines.  In examples: (1) an alkyd resin produced by reacting together 210 parts citric acid, 125 parts n-hexyl alcohol and 100 parts pentaerythritol and having a hydroxyl equivalent of 240 was mixed with a neutralized condensate, obtained by the reaction of 150 parts phenol and 200 parts 30 per cent formaldehyde in presence of strong alkali as catalyst and ammonia was added to the mixture until a clear solution remained even on dilution with water.  The solution on dilution to 30-40 per cent solids was sprayed on to a metal sheet and stoved dried at 170-180 DEG  C. for 15-30 minutes.  The phenol is replaceable by p-tert butyl phenol; (2) an alkyd resin of acid number 60-70, and hydroxyl equivalent of 225, produced by interaction of 100 parts drying oil, 75-80 parts pentaerythritol and 100 parts phthalic anhydride, was mixed with ammonia to give a viscous soap which was then combined with a condensate obtained from 90 parts phenol, 60 parts xylenol and 180 parts formaldehyde; (3) an alkyd resin was produced by first reacting 10 parts maleic acid with 40 parts rosin, admixing therewith 40 parts drying oil fatty acids, 20 parts fatty acid first runnings, obtained in the oxidation of paraffin, and 45 parts tetramethylol cyclohexanol, and heating to 220 DEG  C. until an acid number of 60 was obtained. The resin was then mixed with a condensate obtained from 45 parts phenol, 15 parts o-cresol and 30 parts 30 per cent formaldehyde and sufficient ammonia added to give a product which is dilutable with water and butanol; (4) the alkyd resin was obtained by reacting together 100 parts maleic acid, 60 parts decahydronaphthol and 90 parts triethylene glycol and was combined with a condensate obtained from 30 parts phenol, 20 parts butyl phenol and 70 parts 30 per cent formaldehyde; (5) in this example in addition to the alkyd resin and the phenol-aldehyde condensate was added a condensate obtained by reacting 180 parts dimethylolurea, 5 parts paraform and 450 parts ethylene glycol monoether in presence of an acid catalyst to give a pH of 5.5; (6) an alkyd resin obtained from 100 parts adipic acid, 70 parts trimethylol propane and 30 parts pentaerythritol was partly neutralized with triethanolamine to give a pH of 5.5, diluted with alcohol or glycol monoethers, and mixed with condensate obtained from 100 parts dimethylol urea and 3 parts paraform.