baber/WOPTO huggingface dataset:
Patent GB-1378999-A (GB)
Title: Pipeline flow control system and method
IPC: G05D16/20
Filed: 1973-06-27
Abstract: 1378999 Controlling pipeline flow M H GROVE & J M E GROVE [trading as M & J DEVELOPMENT CO] 27 June 1973 [14 July 1972] 30497/73 Heading G1N [Also in Division G3]  A method for controlling the flow of fluid e.g. natural gas in a pipeline 12 having a normally open flow control valve 11 provided with a power operator 16 to close and open the valve comprises the steps of energizing the operator 16 to close the valve in the event of the static pressure in the line near the valve decreasing more rapidly than a predetermined rate, sensing the pressure in the line at that side of the closed valve where the static pressure is lower and reopening the valve a predetermined time after it is closed if the static pressure at the lower pressure side is greater than a predetermined minimum and/or if the rate of pressure drop at the lower pressure side is not greater than a predetermined maximum value. A reverse acting shuttle valve 21 communicates the lower pressure with a pressure sensitive resistance element in transducer 41 and the resulting signal is fed to a rate comparator 44 including a difference amplifier 47 where it is compared with a reference signal representing the average pressure and formed in capacitor memory 49. If the pressure signal drops below the reference the amplifier output signal turns on timing circuit 54 and ramp generator 56, the ramp voltage from which increases in magnitude at a rate corresponding to the maximum rate of pressure drop which would occur in the pipeline in the absence of a break. The ramp signal is added to the pressure signal and if the combined signal is less than the reference signal the tuner will continue to operate and after a given period (say 10 to 90 seconds) it will deliver an alarm signal to alarm relay 66 and through gate 78 to the 'inhibit' input of time delay relay 83 to prevent the valve 11 from being reopened. In addition or alternatively a low pressure 68 can be used in the same way to prevent the valve 11 from reopening. In this way a section of broken pipeline in a system with parallel branch lines Figs.5, 6, (not shown) can be isolated from the system.
Patent GB-219868-A (GB)
Title: Razor-blade stroppers
IPC: B24D15/08
Filed: 1923-12-04
Abstract: 219,868. Brougham, F. J., (James Corporation, Ltd.). Dec. 4, 1923. Stropping-apparatus for double-edged safety razor blades comprises a frame of U-shape made from a single piece of metal and having flat sides 12, 13 united by a curved part 14 of hollow circular cross-section. The blade is stropped by a flexible strop 19 which is passed between rollers 18 mounted in the frame and over an upper roller carrying a slotted arm 36. The blade is held by a holder, Fig. 3, comprising a plate 20 having pivots 21 supported in bearings in the frame offset from the centre-line thereof, embossed lugs 22 being formed on the plate to engage the holes in the blade. A plate 27 hinged at 32 to the plate 20 holds the blade in position and is locked by a sliding catch 28 carried by one of the lugs, The slot in the arm 36 engages a projection 38 on the plate 20 to rock the blade and press it against the strop.
Patent GB-676517-A (GB)
Title: Improvements in or relating to television cameras
IPC: H04N5/217
Filed: 1948-11-24
Abstract: 676,517. Television. COPE, J. E., and PYE, Ltd. Nov. 23, 1949 [Nov. 24, 1948], No. 30570/48. Class 40 (iii). [Also in Group XL (c)] The load impedance R<SP>1</SP> of a television pick-up tube 1 has a negative feed-back connection from the output stage V<SP>3</SP> of the tube preamplifier in order to compensate for variations in low frequency response due to variations in the tube output impedance in accordance with average illumination, value of scanning current and other factors. A minimum voltage gain of the order of 50 is necessary to effect such compensation but necessitates networks such as La, RA, RK, CK in a subsequent amplifier stage to effect compensation of the frequency response. If complete compensation is to be achieved in the pre-amplifier, a voltage gain of approximately 1200 is necessary. To avoid regeneration in the low-frequency range, a small time-constant circuit C<SP>1</SP>, R<SP>3</SP> is included between valves V<SP>2</SP> and V<SP>3</SP> whilst the timeconstant of all other circuits is made large, some 20 times C<SP>1</SP>, R<SP>3</SP>.
Patent GB-422729-A (GB)
Title: Improvements in or relating to gasfilled electric discharge devices
IPC: H01J17/20
Filed: 1933-11-06
Abstract: 422,729. Discharge apparatus. GENERAL ELECTRIC CO., Ltd., Magnet House, Kingsway, London, and LEWER, S. K., c/o General Electric Co., Wembley, Middlesex. Nov. 6, 1933, No. 30802. Drawings to Specification. [Class 39 (i)] In a gas-filled thermionic device in which the electrodes are so formed and related that if the potential of the grid is more negative than a critical potential, the anode current is negligible, and if the grid potential is more positive than the critical potential, the voltage between the anode and cathode falls to a value independent of the anode current over a wide range, the anode current being determined wholly by the external circuit, the filling consists of mercury vapour at a pressure corresponding with the temperature of the device, together with a rare gas adjusted to such a pressure that the critical grid potential is independent of that temperature. The rare gas may be argon at a pressure of 0À15 mm. Specifications 379,673 and 413,125 are referred to.
Patent GB-241754-A (GB)
Title: Improvements in or appertaining to railway or tramway rail joints
IPC: E01B11/12
Filed: 1924-12-22
Abstract: 241,754. Byrde, E. A. Dec. 22, 1924. Rail joints.-Rail ends 1 are secured to a baseplate 4 by fish-plates 7 which contact at their inner ends with the vertical wall of the web 2 only near its foot and at their outer ends with the base-plate, the intermediate portion being clear of the rail foot and base plate and traversed by bolts 8. The fish-plates may engage ribs or projections 6 on the base-plate, and a wedging action may be obtained as in Fig. 3. The baseplate may have ribs 5 which deepen towards the centre, and the ribs may be so spaced as to receive and lock the heads of the bolts 8.
Patent GB-1514645-A (GB)
Title: Culture medium and method of preparing bulk starters for italian cheese manufacture
IPC: A23C19/032
Filed: 1976-07-23
Abstract: 1514645 Whey-based culture media for cheese making LEPRINO CHEESE CO 23 July 1976 [27 Aug 1975] 30863/76 Heading A2B [Also in Division C6] Culture media particularly advantageous for producing bulk starter cultures for manufacturing pasta filata cheeses, such as Mozzarella, Provolone and Caciocavallo, consist essentially on a dry weight basis of 10 to 30% acid-whey solids having a titratable acidity of not less than 0.30%; and a complementary amount of 90 to 70% of other solids selected from sweetwhey solids (preferably of titratable acidity not over 0.16%) and mixtures thereof with non-fat dry milk solids, the milk solids being present in not over 1 part by weight for each 3 parts of total acid-whey and sweet-whey solids. The sweet-whey solids employed may have been partially delactosed, i.e. containing 45 to 55% lactose on a dry weight basis, 20 to 25% protein and 15 to 25% minerals (ash). The bulk starter culture is produced by dissolving the defined whey culture medium in water to give an aqueous broth containing from 9 to 15% solids, inoculating the broth with a mixed starter containing Streptococcus thermophilus (coccus) and Lactobacillus of the sub-genus Thermobacterium (rod) in the ratio of coccus to rod cells of from 2.5:1 to 5.5:1, and culturing the coccus and rod cells in the broth to produce a bulk starter containing a ratio of coccus to rod cells that is within the same range. The species of Lactobacillus employed is preferably L. bulgaricus, L. helveticus or L. lactis, though other species are mentioned. Examples and comparative experiments disclose the acidity, pH, activity (defined) and coccus: rod ratios of bulk starter cultures produced using whey media of the invention, sweet whey and non-fat dry milk solids, respectively, in the broth. The bulk starter culture obtained may be inoculated into milk in the making of Italian cheese.
Patent GB-1043933-A (GB)
Title: A novel process and apparatus for the production of tubular film of synthetic resin
IPC: B29C48/10
Filed: 1964-08-04
Abstract: 1,043,933. Making tubular fibres. KOKOKU RAYON & PULP CO. Ltd. Aug. 4, 1964 [July 24, 1963], No.30882/64. Heading B5B. As illustrated in the drawing (not shown), in the production of tubular films of synthetic polymeric material the molten polymer is extruded through the annular extrusion orifice 2 of the die 1 to form a tube 14 which is cooled by air blown on to it from the annular duct 3 and at the same time inflated by the introduction of cooled air to increase its. diameter, preferably to 1.5 to 3 times the diameter of the extrusion orifice 2. The inflated film then passes over and in sliding contact with a mandrel 5 through which a cooling liquid is circulated by means of an inlet pipe 7 and an outlet pipe 8. The inflated film is cooled externally during its passage over the mandrel by a liquid in the tank 4 which is provided with liquid inlet pipes 9 and overflow pipes 10. The cooling liquid in the tank 4 is preferably maintained at a level 5 to 35 mm. higher than the level of the line at which the tubular film first contacts the mandrel. The film when leaving the tank 4 passes between the outer surface of the mandrel and the inner surface of a sealing ring 11. of resilient material which prevents escape of liquid from the tank and then between guide plates 12 to the nip of the pinch rolls 13. Instead of the mandrel 5 being internally cooled by passing . or circulating a cooling liquid through it, it may be filled with a liquid such as a silicone oil through which air is blown. The pinch rolls 13 may be mounted inside tank 4 which may be frusto-conical in shape. The temperatures of the cooling liquids in the tank and the mandrel may be maintained below 45 C., e.g. about 5 to 22 C. The polymeric material may be crystalline polypropylene.
Patent GB-1108417-A (GB)
Title: Production of peptides
IPC: C07K1/06
Filed: 1965-07-20
Abstract: In processes for the manufacture of peptides in which one or more free amino groups are protected by conversion into N-(cycloalk-2-en-1-one-3-yl) groups (cf. Specification 1,082,524), the protecting groups are later hydrolysed by treating the peptide derivative with perchloryl fluoride (ClO2F) in a solvent and hydrolysing the resulting N - (2,2 - difluorocycloalkan - 1 - one-3-yl) peptide in an aqueous acid medium.  The solvents may be anhydrous or aqueous, and in the latter event the treatment with perchloryl fluoride and the hydrolysis may proceed simultaneously. The protecting N-(cycloalk-2-en-1-one-3-yl) group may be introduced by treating the peptide with a 1,3-cycloalkanedione, particularly a 1,3 - cyclohexanedione or a 1,3-cyclopentanedione, a number of both of which are specified. The process is applicable to peptides containing carboxylic acid groups, which may be esterified, and when the carboxylic groups are present as benzyl esters they may be converted into the free acids by hydrogenation, as described in Specification 1,082,524. Examples are given.
Patent GB-484811-A (GB)
Title: Improvements in and relating to apparatus for obtaining plastic and stereoscopic views of images and pictures of all kinds
IPC: G03B21/60
Filed: 1936-11-13
Abstract: 484,811. Projection screens. ETBAUER, T. P. Nov. 13, 1936, No. 31087. [Class 97 (i)] Apparatus for obtaining stereoscopic views of pictures of all kinds comprises in combination a picture, or a projection-screen, one or more transparent refracting bodies or grating- like bodies inclined at an angle to the picture plane, and a frame-like mask arranged in front of the picture plane. As shown in Fig. 1, the picture plane 1, which may be of a screen on which an image is projected by the projector, is inclined to the vertical and has placed before it two curved refractory bodies 4, 5 and masks 3 and 6. In the modification shown in Fig. 3, the picture may be projected on a translucent screen 7 by the projector 2b or on a transparent screen 7a by the projector 2a, the image being viewed in a reflector 1 before which is a mask 9 and an inclined refracting body 8. A second mask 10 may be provided, and grating-like bodies, such as fabrics or grids, which may be on or in transparent refracting material, may be used instead of the refracting plates.
Patent GB-1263412-A (GB)
Title: Vehicle queue detector
IPC: G06M7/00
Filed: 1970-06-26
Abstract: 1,263,412. Road traffic measurements. PHILIPS GLOEILAMPENFABRIEKEN N.V. 26 June, 1970 [30 June, 1969], No. 31128/70. Heading G4Q. In a vehicle queue detector for determining the number of vehicles on a road at a junction with a road of lower capacity, the reading of the counter which determines the number of vehicles approaching the junction is reduced at regular intervals by an amount equal to the vehicle handling capacity of the low capacity road. The waiting time for the last vehicle in the queue to reach the junction is derived by dividing the adjusted counter reading, i.e. the number of vehicles in the queue, by the number of vehicles which the lower capacity road can pass in unit time. Where a detour road is available, a separate detector is associated with the main road and the detour and the waiting times for passage along the road and detour are compared and the resultant signals are applied to traffic signalling apparatus so as to equalize the vehicle waiting times.
Patent GB-1302959-A (GB)
IPC: G11C17/16
Filed: 1970-06-26
Abstract: 1302959 Read only memory COMPAGNIE GENERALE D'ELECTRICITE 26 June 1970 [26 June 1969] 31233/70 Heading G4A [Also in Division H1] A method of manufacture of an integrated semi-conductor, read only, digital data storage matrix is disclosed which eliminates faulty storage elements. The matrix comprises a plurality of columns A, B, R; D, E, F (shown horizontally), each comprising two half-columns A 1 , A 2 ; B 1 , B 2  &c. electrically insulated from each other, a plurality of rows (not shown), and transistor storage elements lying at the intersections, which elements have two mutually insulated emitter regions 731, 732, &c., connected to adjacent half-columns by electrically fusible links and a base connected to a row. An electrical test distinguishes which elements are faulty (shown cross-hatched, Fig. 2) and these are disconnected from the matrix by melting the electrically fusible links. A reference column R is then chosen to which no elements are connected. The serviceable elements 43, 53, 73 above column R are connected to column B and, as element 63 is faulty, element 62 from above column B is connected thereto to make up the numbers. This process is repeated using reference columns where necessary. Then the superfluous fusible link of each serviceable element is melted. Finally the respective halfcolumns are connected together by a metal covering. The matrix is formed of a substrate 110 of N-type monocrystalline silicon. In manufacture and after masking, by a photolithogravure process, an impurity is diffused from apertures formed in an insulating layer to obtain regions 410 of P-type conductivity which act as bases. Two N-type regions 415, 416 serving as emitters are diffused in by a planar technique. An insulating oxide layer 24 is apertured by photolithogravure to expose part of the bases and join them in rows 44, e.g. by vacuum metallization. Above the rows is a further insulating layer, e.g. of silicon oxide obtained by spraying. By photolithogravure, the emitters are exposed by aperturing the layers 25, 24 and metallizing to produce emitter contacts, columns, and fusible links.
Patent GB-602070-A (GB)
Title: Ignition shielding harness
IPC: H01T13/05
Filed: 1945-11-20
Abstract: 602,070. Cable harness. BENBIX AVIA. TION CORPORATION. Nov. 20, 1945, No. 31249. Convention date, Nov. 20, 1944. [Class 36] [Also in Group XXVIII] A tubular radio shielding conduit comprises a flexibe metal tube 17 fitting into a rigid metal ferrule 20, a natural or synthetic rubber cover. ing 29 being moulded around the tube and the ferrule and thereby bonded to both.
Patent GB-943233-A (GB)
Title: Sealing arrangement for fluid control valve seat
Inventor: BREDTSCHMEIDER KURT BRUNO
IPC: F16K3/20
Filed: 1960-09-12
Abstract: 943,233. Valves. CRANE CO. Sept. 12, 1960, No. 31332/60. Heading F2V. A valve comprises a casing, a movable closure member 11, Fig. 2, sealing means 8 interposed between the closure member and the seats and comprising at least one inflatable membrane having a plurality of serrations 17, 18 extending transversely to the central axis of the membrane, and means for applying fluid pressure behind the membrane to deflect it into sealing relation with the closure member. The inner and outer peripheral edges of the membrane are thickened at 19 and 21 to enable it to be welded to the casing while the serrations are formed by cutting or pressing. Fluid pressure may be applied through ducts 24, 25 and a connection 26 by a fluid such as grease or oil and is relieved before the closure, which may be of the sluice type, is lifted. A U-shaped guide (not shown) prevents transverse movement of the closure during operation. Fig. 3 shows the invention applied to an angle type of valve in which the load against the seating portion 38 of the closure member may be increased by applying a lubricant gun to a connection 26. Figs. 8 and 9 show a valve in which inflatable membranes 87, 88, 101 and 102 are carried by a slidable closure member 86 to control a valve with coaxial ducts connected by radial or vertical struts 57. In a similar construction, the membranes are connected to the valve seats and supplied with fluid under pressure by conduits which may be inside the struts. Flexible membrane rings 111, 112, Fig. 11, on a cylindrical plug 108 may be supplied with fluid through conduits 126, 127 and 128. The plug is located axially by a split washer 116 and a cap 117 against which it is held by a spring 118.
Patent GB-387062-A (GB)
Title: A garden label for naming or numbering trees, shrubs, and plants for gardening fruit growing and such like objects
IPC: G09F3/02
Filed: 1931-12-10
Abstract: 387,062. Garden labels. DUDLEY, E., Kilsby, near Rugby. Dec. 10, 1931, No. 31430. [Class 73.] Garden labels are made by providing a sheet of zinc, aluminium, or tin plate with a coating of hard enamel and then with one of a contrasting colour, the inscription being produced by scratching through the outer coating.
Patent GB-848983-A (GB)
Title: Polymerization of olefines
IPC: C08F10/00
Filed: 1957-10-09
Abstract: Alpha-monoolefines are polymerised in the presence of at least one oxide of a metal from Group 5a or 6a of the Periodic Table, the metal of said oxide being reduce below its maximum valency state, and an alkali metal alkyl.  The olefines may be ethylene, propylene, butene, pentene or heptene and copolymers may be made from ethylene and propylene and/or higher olefines such as methyl-butenes and -pentenes and dimethyl pentenes.  The metal alkyl may be sodium amyl, lithium butyl or a potassium alkyl.  The partially reduced oxide is preferably derived from molybdenum, vanadium, tungsten or chromium and is preferably supported upon difficulty reducible oxides and silicates, e.g. alumina, titania, zirconia or silica-alumina.  The oxide may be partially reduced by pretreatment with an alkali-metal alkyl or with hydrogen at raised temperatures.  The polymerisation may be carried out in an inert organic liquid such as decalin, isooctane, xylene, alkanes, halogenated hydrocarbons, aromatic hydrocarbons or petroleum fractions and may be carried out batchwise or continuously.  The olefine may be introduced together with other materials such as hydrogen or saturated hydrocarbons.  The polymer solution may be filtered from solid catalyst and the polymer precipitated by cooling or adding methanol and further extracted with acetane, diisopropyl ether and heptane to separate the polymer according to crystallinity.  The polymer products may be moulded or extruded into plates, tubing or films, cold drawn into ribbons, or filaments, spun into fibres or used to form tyre cords or a photographic film base.ALSO:A catalyst for olefin polymerization comprises at least one oxide of a metal from Group VA or VIA of the Periodic Table, the metal of said oxide being reduced below its maximum valency state, and an alkali metal alkyl.  The metal alkyl may be a potassium alkyl but is preferably a sodium or lithium alkyl, e.g. sodium amyl and lithium butyl.  The partially reduced oxide is preferably derived from molybdenum, vanadium, tungsten or chromium and is preferably supported upon a difficultly reducible oxide or silicate, e.g. alumina, titania, zirconia or silica-alumina.  The p catalyst may be partially reduced by pretreatment with an alkali metal alkyl or with hydrogen at raised temperatures.  The catalyst may be stabilized with silica, aluminaorthophosphate or other stabilizers and may contain calcium oxide, zirconia, titania and small amounts of the oxides of magnesium, nickel, zinc, thorium or iron.  The polymerization may be carried out in an inert organic liquid such as decalin, isooctane, xylene, or other alkanes, halogenated or aromatic hydrocarbons or petroleum fractions.
Patent GB-924905-A (GB)
Title: Improvements relating to printing machines
IPC: B41L47/24
Filed: 1960-09-14
Abstract: 924,905. Addressing and like machines. ADDRESSOGRAPH-MULTIGRAPH CORPORATION. Sept. 14, 1960 [Sept. 25, 1959], No. 31686/60. Class 100 (2). Cards PC, Figs. 1 and 2, are fed in succession between two master strips M1, M2 carrying mirror-images on their inner faces, the cards and the two strips being fed in timed relation between a pair of pressure-applying members 60, 61, Figs. 2 and 10. A continuous form master sheet having a centre score line of spaced slits is placed against the coated face of a transfer sheet. Addresses are typed on one side of the score line and corresponding billing data on the other, and the sheet is divided into two strips, each having data on one face for use as a record and on the other face in mirrorscript. The strips are correlated with the corresponding addresses and billing data in mirrorscript facing each other, and are fed from a supply hopper 25 between the members 60, 61 by pin-wheels 63 to a receiving hopper 26. Cards PC are fed at right-angles to the strip feed path and between the strips and aligned in printing position by a stop finger 65. The strips are separated by bars 50, 51. The member 60 is stationary and the member 61 is moved against it by toggle mechanism 80, the members containing electrical heaters 73. A guard plate 82 surrounds but is out of contact with the member 60. When the member 61 is raised, the strip M1 is held up by a flexible stopper member 61s. The cards are thus each printed on one side with the address and on the other with corresponding data, and are then fed to drying-apparatus and to a receiver. Drying-apparatus.-Each card is stopped at the drying station, by a stop finger synchronized with the finger 65, on a table 90, Figs. 13 and 14. Hot air is blown through a duct 86 and distributed by vanes 88, and passes through a rectangular opening 79 in the table against the lower face of a card 92. Further air passes through smaller openings 83 and is deflected by a plate 94 in a cover 91 on to the upper face of the card. Specifications 560,597 and 782,633 are referred to.