baber/WOPTO huggingface dataset:
Patent GB-1471908-A (GB)
Title: Alloy solution hardening with solute pairs
IPC: C22C38/00
Filed: 1974-08-16
Abstract: 1471908 Single crystal growth of metal alloys UNITED STATES ENERGY RESEARCH & DEVELOPMENT ADMINISTRATION 16 Aug 1974 [12 March 1974] 36097/74 Heading B1S [Also in Division C7] A single phase alloy consisting of a solvent metal e.g. Cu, Ag, Fe and at least 2 solute metals in equi-atomic percentages e.g. Al:Co, Al:Pd, Al:Ni, Au:Mg is prepared in the form of single crystals by placing seed crystals in a section of a split graphite mould which is separated from the growth section of the mould by filters and passing an HF coil upwards to produce a vertically moving growth front while maintaining a pressing of 10<SP>-6</SP> Torr. The seed crystals may be produced by spark machining a Cu-Al seed crystal, growing a new seed crystal in a graphite mould using a graphite wedge to locate the initial seed crystal and cutting further seed crystals from the crystal produced. The single crystal produced may be subsequently annealed for at least 100 hours within 50‹C + 0.1‹C of the melting point of the alloy in a graphite crucible in argon at 790 Torr using a resistance furnace. The split graphite mould used in the production of the single crystal may be baked at 10<SP>-6</SP> Toor, the impurities baked from the graphite by repeated melting of Cu- Al alloy and the internal surface polished and coated with a thin deposit of carbon from a methane flame.
Patent GB-177589-A (GB)
Title: Improvements in and relating to processes for treating hydrocarbon oils
Filed: 1920-12-23
Abstract: 177,589. Brownlee, R. H., and Ganahl, C. F. de. Dec. 23, 1920. Mineral oils.-Oils of high viscosity are treated to reduce their viscosity and render them suitable as fuel oils, by heating the oil to 675-825‹ F. by passage through a series of tubular stills or rotary retorts, the vapours formed in each still being removed and condensed separately. The heating is effected under pressure preferably of 3-.5 atmospheres. Oil passes from an inlet 4 through tubular stills 3 - - 3<c> in a gas-heated furnace 1 and through intermediate vapour separators and dephlegmators 7 - - 7<c> maintained preferably at 500-600‹ F., the treated oil being drawn off by pipe 15 through a cooling coil 16. Additional oil mav be supplied through pipes 4a, 4<b>, 4<c> and treated oil may be withdrawn by outlets 13 - - 13<c> from the dephlegmators. The vapours from the dephlegmators may be passed to second dephlegmators 11 - - 11<c>, maintained preferably at 450-500‹ F., the condensed liquid from which may be withdrawn through outlets 17 - - 17<c> or may be passed into the oil current by pipes 18 - - 18<b>, and the vapours from which pass to cooling-coils 9 - - 9<c>. In place of the tubular stills, rotary retorts containing loose metal balls or rods of polygonal or other sections may be used. The balls or rods, which may be made of iron or steel, or of nickel or other catalytic metal, serve to conduct heat to the oil, and also break up any solid deposits of coke which may be formed. If such deposits are formed, the rotation of the retort is continued after all the vaporizable contents have been distilled, when the coke is ground to powder and may be removed by an air blast.
Patent GB-761747-A (GB)
Title: Improvements relating to polarised electromagnetic relays
IPC: H01H51/22
Filed: 1954-12-14
Abstract: 761,747. Electromagnetic relays. WESTINGHOUSE AIR BRAKE CO. Dec 14, 1954 [Jan. 22, 1954], No. 36135/54. Class 38(5) A polar relay comprises a recessed insulating base 2 carrying pole members 11, 12 connected to opposite poles of a permanent magnet 35 and having pole faces 13, 14. The upper ends of the member 11, 12 are connected, respectively, by L-shaped magnetic straps 15, 16, to cores 23, 24 having pole pieces 29, 30 provided with pole faces 31. 32. The pole faces 13, 31 and 14, 32 are positioned opposite each other a small distance apart to provide a pair of air gaps in which an armature 37 oscillates. The cores 23, 24 have two sets of windings 25, 26 and 25a, 26a, the windings of each set being connected and each set operating the relay in the same manner, the two sets permitting control of the relay from two separate sources. Energization of either set of windings with current of appropriate polarity causes the armature to move from one extreme position to the other. The control flux flows in the same direction across both air gaps in two loops 31, 23, 15, 11 and 32, 24, 16, 12. The insulating armature spindle 36 is pivoted at the upper end in a bearing 20 carried by a non-magnetic bridge 19 secured to the pole members 11, 12, the lower end being supported in a bearing 9 situated at the junction of four ribs 7 upstanding from the front of the base 2 A contact-driving member 38 formed on the spindle 36 extends through an opening in the front of the base 2 and has slots 39 receiving the free ends of movable contacts fixed to terminal posts 42. Each movable contact comprises a spring blade 41 carrying, near its root, a blade 44, the free ends of the blades 41, 44 being biased apart and received under tension in a slot 39. The blades 41, 44 operate between fixed blades 45 connected to further posts 42, the movable blade tension eliminating contact bounce. A front cover 46 sealed to the base 2 has a window 48 for observing the contacts the rear of the relay being enclosed in a cover 51 sealed to the back of the base. The relay is mounted by plugging into an insulating support 55, an opening 56 receiving the cover 51 and holes 58 receiving prongs 43 connected to the terminals 42. Holes 59 receive prongs 28 connected to the ends of the windings 25, 26, 25a, 26a. The prongs 28, 43 are engaged by contact lips mounted in the support 55 behind the holes 58, 59 (Fig. 3. not shown). To ensure the correct relay is inserted in the proper manner in the support 55, a flat ledge 62 in the support co-operates with a corresponding surface on the rear end of the cover 51, and a particular arrangement of pins 65 on the support are received in corresponding notches formed in the cover 51 (Fig. 7, not shown).
Patent GB-853751-A (GB)
Title: Greases
Inventor: MORRIS ARTHUR LESLIE
IPC: C10M169/00
Filed: 1958-11-11
Abstract: A lubricating grease, which is resistant to radiation from nuclear reactors, comprises (1) a mineral oil thickened to a grease consistency with carbon black and (2) more than 5% and up to 50% by weight, based on the total composition, of hydrocarbon polymer having a molecular weight up to 10,000.  One or more hydrocarbon polymers may be employed, chosen for example from polyethylene, polypropylene, polyisobutylene and polystyrene. Hydrocarbon copolymers may also be present, for example butadiene/styrene copolymer or copolymers of a C4-C8 iso-olefin (e.g. isobutylene) with a small proportion of a C4-C6 conjugated diolefin (e.g. butadiene, dimethyl butadiene, piperylene or isoprene).  The grease may also contain a minor proportion of an antioxidant, e.g. phenyl naphthylamine, N,N1-di-sec butyl-p-phenylene diamine, 2,4-dimethyl-6 - tert butyl - phenol, 2,6 - di - tert butyl-4-methyl-phenol, a bisphenol or phenothiazine.  In the examples, mineral oil compositions are described containing acetylene black, phenyl-b -naphthylamine and polyethylene or polyisobutylene (with or without isobutylene/isoprene copolymer). The effect of omitting the hydrocarbon polymer is described.
Patent GB-1398877-A (GB)
Title: Method and apparatus for direct iron reduction
IPC: C21B13/08
Filed: 1972-08-03
Abstract: 1398877 Rotary kilns NIPPON KOKAN KK 3 Aug 1972 [12 Aug 1971] 36258/72 Heading F4B [Also in Division C7] In the direct reduction of iron ore, pellets of a mixture of iron ore and a carbonaceous material, e.g. coal, coke, are preheated and charged to a fluidized bed 35, the partially reduced pellets passing down a shoot 21 and into a rotary kiln. A carbonaceous reducing agent is fed in at 37. The pellets in the kiln are subjected to blasts of a preheated oxidizing gas, e.g. air, from inlets 15 arranged so that a tangential flow is achieved. A flame 26 maintains the kiln at the required temperature. In an example, the pellets comprise 50% LD dust, and 50% blast furnace dust containing 25% C. Limestone or dolomite may be present in the charge. The exhaust gases from fluidized bed 35 are cleaned and fed to a heat exchanger 47 where they preheat air fed to burner 25 before passing to a cooler 38 which receives the reduced pellets discharged from the kiln.
Patent GB-1212177-A (GB)
Title: An improved regenerative air preheater
IPC: F24H7/02
Filed: 1969-07-18
Abstract: 1,212,177. Thermal regenerators. KONINKLIJKE NEDERLANDSCHE HOOGOVENS EN STAALFABRIEKEN N.V. 18 July, 1969 [9 Aug., 1968], No. 36260/69. Heading F4K. In a hot blast stove in which an outer casing 27, e.g. of steel, contains layers of refractory bricks together defining a space 30 for the regenerative mass separated by a partition wall 5 from a burner stack 31, the burner stack has a lining (consisting of layers 17, 18) encircled by heat insulation (comprising layers 22, 23), the partition wall 5 also including a layer 20 of heat resisting steel plate and an outer brickwork layer 19. The layers are enabled to move relative to each other to relieve thermal stress, by the provision of sliding joints 14, 15, 25, 26. At the lower half of the burner stack is an additional protecting wall 21 also relatively movable by means of a sliding joint 24.
Patent GB-368287-A (GB)
Title: Improved apparatus for forging fluted articles
IPC: B21K5/06
Filed: 1930-12-02
Abstract: 368,287. Forging rock drills. KAPPEL, M., Beverly Place, Wilmington, Delaware, U.S.A. Dec. 2, 1930, No. 36334. [Class 83 (iv).] Dies.-Apparatus for forging fluted articles such as star drills comprises a die holder 4 and work holder 5 each in two halves divided along line 2-2, Fig. 3. Each half 4a of the die holder has a tongue 20 guided in an opening 21 in the ring 2 mounted on the base 1 and has flat edges 23 engaging guide blocks 22. The die members 6 slide in grooves 8 in the holder 4 and their blade portions 9 slide in grooves 10 in the work holder 5. The dies are operated by wedges 25, 25a adjustably connected by screw devices to a plate 45 secured to the movable head of a press. Wedges 25, 25a carry threaded shanks 35 passing through holes in the base of internally threaded cup-shaped members 38 secured to the wedges by nuts 40. The cup members 38 are locked by nuts 44 in adjustable position on screw studs 43 rigidly secured to the plate 45. The two wedges 25 have central wedge surfaces 27 engaging the rear edges of the die members 6 and other wedge surfaces 29 on either side of the surfaces 27 which coact with rounded corners 30 on the parts 4a of the die holder so that the first action of the wedges is to close the die holder parts 4a and with them the work holder parts 5a, thereby gripping the work before the die members come into operation.
Patent GB-838246-A (GB)
Title: Improvements in or relating to hose end fittings
Inventor: MOSELY ARTHUR COLIN
IPC: F16L47/04
Filed: 1957-11-22
Abstract: 838,246. Pipe joints. COMPRESSION JOINTS Ltd. Nov. 17 1958 [Nov. 22, 1957], No. 36394/57. Addition to 818,674. Class 99(1). In the compression type hose end fitting described in the parent Specification a ferrule 3 having concentric cylindrical walls 3a, 3b is located within one end of the bore of an externally screw-threaded male fitting element 5 which is provided within its bore with an inclined compression face y adapted to effect the embedment of the rim of the wall 3a of the ferrule into the periphery of a plastic pipe 4 fitted through the element 5 when the latter is screwed within a tapped, female, fitting element 6. As shown, the end of the pipe 4 is located between the walls of the ferrule. The bore of the element 5 is formed with two portions of different diameters divided by the compression face y. Alternatively, the bore of the male element 7, Fig. 2, is formed with three portions 7a, 7b, 7c of different diameters, the intermediate portion 7a being adapted to receive the deformed part of the ferrule 3. The ferruel 3 is provided with'a frusto-conical head 3c the face of which sealingly engages a similarly inclined mouth 6a of the female element when the ferrule head is engaged by the forward end of the element 5. The other wall of the ferrule may be compressed in a plane remote from its rim or the wall may be embedded in two or more dia. metral planes.
Patent GB-408404-A (GB)
Title: Improvements in and relating to machines for wrapping bonbons and other articles of irregular shape
IPC: B65B11/28
Filed: 1932-12-23
Abstract: 408,404. Wrapping-machines. FORGROVE MACHINERY CO., Ltd., and GROVER, F., Oakhurst Avenue, Dewsbury Road, Leeds. Dec. 23, 1932, No. 36455. [Class 94 (i).] A gripper for use in wrapping-machines, for holding articles of irregular shape with the wrappers partly applied to them, comprises two series of members d, slotted at d<1> and disposed upon supporting plates c<5>. The members, which are tipped at e with resilient material, are arranged to conform to the shape of the article x to be wrapped, and are clamped in position by a clamping piece c<8> arranged in a slot c<9>. The plates c<5> are mounted on slides c, c<1>, adjustably secured to guides b<2>, b<3> on brackets b, b<1> pivoted at a<1>, a<2>. The jaws are normally held together by a spring b<4>, and opened when necessary by the action of a cam b<9> on a roller b<8> on a slide b' formed with ratchet teeth engaging pinions b<5>, b<6>.
Patent GB-156156-A (GB)
Title: Improvements in or relating to strainers for petrol and the like
IPC: B01D35/00
Filed: 1920-12-31
Abstract: 156,156. Bosworth, A. H. July 31, 1919, [Convention date]. Void [Published under Sect. 91 of the Act]. Strainers having sheet straining-materials.-A strainer for petrol and the like comprises a casing 1 with inlet and outlet 9 separated by a partition 10 having an aperture in which fits a ring 16, connected by arms 19 to a screw plug 20 and supporting a straining basket 14. The casing may be provided with a cock 24 at the lower end, and with an annular bead which rests on a supporting- ring 2.
Patent GB-928515-A (GB)
Title: Improvements in or relating to index plates
IPC: B23Q16/04
Filed: 1958-11-14
Abstract: 928,515. Locking rotary elements. W. CULL, and RZEPPA Ltd. Nov. 13, 1959 [Nov. 14, 1958], No 36642/58. Class 103 (1). [Also in Group XXII] An index plate 1, e.g. for a workpieceindexing head for a milling or grinding machine, has a peripheral detent notch 3 with one side face 5 formed on a cantilever integral with the plate and being stressed to adjust face 5 relative to face 4. The cantilever is formed by slits 12, 15 extending to holes 13, 6 respectively and is stressed by a tapered screwed plug 16 engaging a tapered screwed hole 14. The plate may have six equi-spaced notches of which one notch 2 is not adjustable and is used as a setting-up datum. The holes 6 are used to fix the plate to the head and a hole 8 receives a pin for driving the plate from the head.
Patent GB-340625-A (GB)
Title: Process for the manufacture of derivatives of carbazole
IPC: C07D209/88
Filed: 1929-08-30
Abstract: Carbazole derivatives are obtained by dehalogenating by known methods substituted carbazoles containing other substituents in addition to halogen atoms.  In examples, (1) 1-amino-carbazole is made by treating 3 : 6-dichlor (or dibrom) -1-aminocarbazole with hydrazine hydrate in alcoholic caustic potash solution in the presence of palladinized calcium carbonate; the 3 : 6-dichlor-1-aminocarbazole is made by chlorinating carbazole in carbon disulphide, nitrating in tetrachlorethane, and reducing with stannous chloride and glacial acetic acid, (2) 1-aminocarbazole is made by reducing 1-amino-3 : 6-diiodocarbazole (made by nitrating and reducing 3 : 6-diiodocarbazole) with metals and acids, (3) 2-aminocarbazole is p obtained by reducing 2-amino-3 : 6-dichlorcarbazole with hydrazine and a palladium catalyst; the 2-amino-3 : 6-dichlorcarbazole may be obtained by the Ullmann synthesis from the benzotriazole made by condensing 1-nitro-2 : 5-dichlorbenzene with 1-amino-3-nitro-4-chlorbenzene, partially reducing with alcoholic ammonium sulphide solution, and diazotizing, and (4) 1-aminocarbazole-8-sulphonic acid is made by sulphonating 1-nitro-3 : 6-dibrom-carbazole and dehalogenating the product as in example 1; the nitro group is simultaneously reduced.
Patent GB-523784-A (GB)
Title: Improvements in or relating to thermostat devices
IPC: G05D23/24
Filed: 1938-12-17
Abstract: 523,784. Temperature-variable resistances. DUNHAM CO., Ltd., C. A. Dec. 17, 1938, No. 36831. Convention date, Oct. 24. [Class 37] [Also in Group XIIII A thermostatic device adapted to determine the heating requirements within a building comprises a casing supported with one side in close engagement with the inner surface of a window, and containing temperature responsive means such as an electric resistance. The casing 31 has a front face 34 of copper for application to the window 65, and contains a flat resistance coil 12 wound on an insulating sheet 36 the connecting wires passing through an insulating board 37. A spring 41 presses the coil against the copper sheet. A wire loop 29 is arranged within the casing and its connecting wires are connected in a Wheatstone bridge circuit so as to balance the connecting wires of the resistance 12. The casing. 31 is pivoted by means of lugs 43 to a supporting arm 46 the opposite end of which carries a yoke 48 with ears 49 mounted on a vertical shaft 50 carried by a casing 51 secured to the window casing. A spring 59, the tension of which may be adjusted, holds the casing 31 against the window, but permits it to be swung away. A rail 70 is mounted on the window sash and is adapted, when the window is moved downward to open it, to engage a cam carried by the shaft 50 and swing the thermostat casing away from the window, restoring it when the window is closed. The assembly is applicable to hinged window, but the rail 70 is unnecessary. The resistance and the loop 29 are connected to a terminal strip 77. The control system connected to the thermostat may be as described in Specification 524,926, [Group XXXV].
Patent GB-1458292-A (GB)
Title: Process for the production of azo dyestuffs from aminopyridine coupling components
IPC: C09B31/153
Filed: 1974-02-13
Abstract: 1458292 Azo dyestuffs produced from aminopyridine coupling components BAYER AG 13 Feb 1974 [14 Feb 1973] 36931/74 Divided out of 1458291 Heading C4P Azo dyestuffs are produced by reacting a pyridinium salt of formula (where R is alkyl, cycloalkyl, aralkyl or aryl; R 1  is H, alkyl or aralkyl and the alkyl radicals may be substituted other than by aryl and the aryl, cycloalkyl and aralkyl radicals may be substituted) with at least 2 equivalents of an organic base (and optionally converting the CN group into an optionally substituted carbamoyl or esterified carboxylic acid group); the resulting coupling component is then combined with a diazotized amine of formula D-NH 2 , where D is the radical of a diazo component (and optionally alkylating one or both of the amine groups originally in the 4 and 6 positions of the pyridinium salt). Organic bases as above are ammonia, alkyl-, aryl- and aralkylamines. The dyes are used for colouring synthetic materials particularly polyolefins, polyvinyl compounds, cellulose acetate and polyesters in yellow to blue shades.
Patent GB-867396-A (GB)
Title: Preparation of weakly basic anion-exchange resins from chlorohydrin esters of acrylic type acids
IPC: B01J41/14
Filed: 1957-11-27
Abstract: Basic anion-exchange resins are prepared by reacting ammonia or a primary or secondary amine with an insoluble cross-linked addition copolymer containing recurring chlorohydrin ester units of the formula:  <FORM:0867396/IV (a)/1> in which R represents hydrogen or a C1-C4 alkyl group and R* represents a -CH2CHClCH2OH, -CH(CH2OH)CH2Cl or -CH2CHOHCH2Cl group. The cross-linked copolymer is preferably one comprising 60 to 99,9%, on a molar basis, of a chlorhydrin ester of acrylic or a C1-C4 alkacrylic acid and 0,1 to 40%, on a molar basis, of a copolymerizable cross-linking agent which contains at least two non-conjugated <FORM:0867396/IV (a)/2> groups, e.g. divinyl benzene, toluenes, xylenes, vinyl ethylbenzene, and naphthalenes, trivinyl benzene and naphthalene, polyvinyl anthracenes, divinyl pyridine, ketone, sulphone and sulphide, allyl ethers of glycol, glycerol pentacrythritol and resorcinol, allyl acrylate, diallyl maleate, fumarate, succinate, carbonate, malonate, adipate, tartrate and silicate, divinyl sebacate, triallyl aconitate, tricarballylate, citrate and phosphate, ethylene glycol diacrylate and dimethacrylate, N, N1-methylenediacrylamide and dimethacrylamide, N, N1-ethylenediacrylamide and 1, 2-di-(alpha-methylmethylene sulphonamido)-ethylene.  Amines specified are methylamine, dimethylamine, mono- and di-butylamines, aniline, benzidine, toluidines, xylidines, naphthylamines, mono- and di-benzylamines, phenylene diamine, benzylaniline, methylaniline, mono- and di-cyclohexylamines, diethylenetriamine, triethylenetetramine, tetraethylenepentamine propylenediamine and mono- and di-ethanolamines.  The reaction between the amine and the polymeric chlorhydrin ester is preferably carried with the polymer in suspension in water or other solvent for the amine, the reaction being assisted by a catalyst such as an alkali metal iodide.  The Specification describes methods for producing cross-linked polymers for use in the above process in which the monomers may be polymerized in bulk, solution, emulsion or suspension with the aid of specified oxygen containing catalysts.  Example (1) describes the copolymerization of : (a) 3-chloro-2-hydroxypropyl methacrylate, divinyl benzene and ethyl styrene with the aid of benzoyl peroxide in suspension in an aqueous medium containing a dispersing agent and (b) a mixture of 3-chloro-2-hydroxypropyl methacrylate, ethylene glycol dimethacrylate and toluene in aqueous suspension to produce toluene-laden beads.  Specifications 718,168, 867,397 and 867,398 are referred to.