Patent GB-697451-A (GB)
Title: Improvements relating to the treatment of textile materials
Inventor: EMBLEM HAROLD GARTON
IPC: D06M15/643
Filed: 1949-02-04
Abstract: Textile materials are treated, in order to reduce the tendency of the fibres to slip on each other, with an aqueous emulsion of an organic silicate which emulsion has been obtained in the presence of a protective colloid or in the presence of butyl laurate.  The treatment may be applied to fibres in bulk, or to slivers, yarns, or fabrics.  The textile materials may contain fibres of cotton, wool, nylon, or other natural or synthetic substance.  A fabric may be treated by simple immersion in the emulsion, followed by drying.  In an example, ethyl silicate, made by the action of silicon tetrachloride on ethyl alcohol containing a small proportion of water and in a partially hydrolysed and polymerized condition, is emulsified with a solution of sodium alginate in water.  According to the manner of mixing, either a silicate-in-water emulsion or a water-in-silicate emulsion may be obtained.  In another example, butyl laurate is used as the emulsifying agent.  A further example describes the production of an emulsion of ethyl silicate with a dispersion of casein, triethanolamine oleate, diethanolamine, and water.  Nylon fabrics are immersed in these emulsions and then dried at 100 DEG  C., washed with soap and hot running water and again dried at 100 DEG  C.  In each case the slip resistance is increased. It is considered probable that some silica is formed by hydrolysis and deposited in the fibres.  An organic base such as piperidine or dicyclohexylamine may be included in the silicate emulsion. Specifications 575,752, 612,622, [Group IV (a)], 641,553, and 644,908, [Group III], are referred to.ALSO:An organic silicate is emulsified with water in the presence of a protective colloid or of butyl laurate.  The emulsion may be used for treating textile materials so as to minimize the tendency of the fibres to slip on each other.  Sodium alginate or casein may be used as protective colloid.  The organic silicate may be ethyl orthosilicate or partially hydrolyzed and polymerized derivative thereof.  Hydrolysis and polymerization of the organic silicate in the emulsion may be accelerated by incorporating as condensation catalyst an organic base having a pKa value above 7.8, e.g. piperidine, or dicyclohexylamine. When sodium alginate is used as the protective colloid, the emulsion may be either of the silicate-in-water type or the water-in-silicate type, according to whether the silicate is added to the aqueous solution of alginate or whether the alginate solution is added to the silicate.  When casein is used the emulsion is usually of the silicate-in-water type and when butyl laurate is used the emulsion is usually of the water-in-silicate type.  In an example, ethyl silicate, prepared from silicon tetrachloride and aqueous ethyl alcohol and in a partially hydrolyzed and polymerized state, is emulsified with an aqueous solution of sodium alginate.  In another example, water is stirred into a mixture of ethyl silicate and butyl laurate.  The emulsion which is first obtained gradually increases in viscosity, becoming a stiff cream in 24 hours and a paste in 48 hours.  In another example, a dispersion comprising casein, triethanolamine oleate, diethanolamine, and water is emulsified with ethyl silicate.  The emulsion may be diluted with water. Specifications 575,752, [Group IV], 612,622, [Group IV(a)], 641,553, and 644,908, are referred to.