Patent GB-449607-A (GB)
Title: Improved manufacture of wetting, washing, cleansing, emulsifying, dispersing and like capillary-active agents
IPC: C11D7/34
Filed: 1934-12-21
Abstract: Wetting, cleansing, emulsifying, foaming, and levelling agents are prepared by sulphonating entirely or partly hydrogenated organic compounds containing at least twelve carbon atoms, at least two carbon rings and only one cyclically bound hydroxy group.  In examples: (1) dicyclohexylphenol is hydrogenated, sulphonated and neutralized with caustic soda or organic bases, e.g. aminopropanediol; the products may be used as wetting agents in spinning, bleaching cotton with hydrogen peroxide, fulling wool, sizing viscose with glycerol and gum arabic and in preparing emulsions of hard wax; (2) products obtained by condensing phenol with benzylchloride or methyl, ethyl, propyl or butylbenzylchlorides are hydrogenated and sulphonated; the resulting sulphonated compounds may be used with soda, trisodium phosphate, sodium pyrophosphate, sodium hexametaphosphate, sodium polyphosphate, water glass or borax as cleansing agents; (3) benzyl-cresols are hydrogenated and sulphonated; the benzyl residue may be substituted, or replaced by the benzoyl, phenylacetyl or b -phenylpropionyl residues in which case the two rings obtained after hydrogenation are connected by short aliphatic chains; (4) cyclohexylbenzylphenol or cresol or dibenzylphenol or cresol is hydrogenated and sulphonated; (5) condensation products derived from naphthalene and cresol obtained (a) by chlorinating deca or tetra-hydronaphthalene and condensing with cresol or phenol or (b) condensing octahydronaphthalene with cresol or phenol, are hydrogenated and sulphonated; the products may be used as washing agents in association with per compounds and soda, trisodium phosphate or sodium pyrophosphate; (6) menaphthylphenol or cresol is hydrogenated and sulphonated, e.g. in liquid sulphur dioxide with chlorsulphonic acid; similar products are also obtained from (a) naphthoyl cresol, (b) butyl naphthoylcresol which may be prepared by reacting butylnaphthalene with urea chloride, saponifying the butylnaphthoylamide and condensing with cresol after conversion of the acid into its chloride, (c) cresol and phenol condensation products containing the anthracene and phenanthrene nuclei obtained by treating anthracene and phenanthrene with hydrochloric acid and formaldehyde and condensing with cresol or phenol or from colophony by forming a resin alcohol by reduction and condensing with cresol or phenol, possibly after replacing the hydroxy group by chlorine, (d) cresol or phenol condensation products containing the naphthene residue prepared from resin alcohol; the products may be used in dyeing with acid wool dyes, in calico printing, in the production of fungicides, insecticides and dust binding agents, in the ceramic and rubber industries and as fire extinguishing agents; (7) mixtures of commercial cresols are condensed with menaphthylchloride or isobutyl menaphthylchloride and after hydrogenation sulphonated; (8) 2 mols. menaphthylchloride are condensed with 1 mol. phenol and after hydrogenation are sulphonated to give a cleansing agent which may be used in association with soap; (9) soap substitutes are prepared from a -benzyl-b -naphthol, b -phenylacetylnaphthols and isopropylbenzoylnaphthols by hydrogenation and sulphonation; in association with sand, and possibly soda, trisodium phosphate, sodium pyrophosphate or sodium metaphosphate scouring and polishing agents are obtained; (10) benzyl-a -naphthol or menaphthyl-a -naphthol is perhydrogenated and sulphonated; the products, after neutralization with sodium bicarbonate and extraction with acetone may be used with sodium sulphate, magnesium sulphate or sodium naphthalene or propyl or butylnaphthalene sulphonate as cleansing agents.  The use of triarylmethanes containing a cyclically bound hydroxy group as starting materials, after hydrogenation is mentioned.  The products may be used in cosmetic preparations, soaps and creams in association with hydrocarbon or alcoholic solvents, urease, pancreatin and super fatting agents in powder, flake, lump, shread or paste form.  Their use in the leather and fur industries and in the treatment of metals is mentioned.  Specification 425,239 is referred to.ALSO:Cleansing and emulsifying agents are prepared by sulphonating entirely or partly hydrogenated organic compounds containing at least twelve carbon atoms, at least two carbon rings and only one cyclically bound hydroxy group.  In examples: (1) dicyclohexylphenol is hydrogenated, sulphonated and neutralized with caustic soda or organic bases, e.g. triethanolamine or aminopropanediol; the products may be used for preparing emulsions of hard wax; (2) products obtained by condensing phenol with benzylchloride or methyl, ethyl, propyl or butylbenzylchlorides are hydrogenated and sulphonated; the resulting sulphonated compounds may be used with soda, trisodiumphosphate, sodiumpyrophosphate, sodium hexametaphosphate, sodium polyphosphate, water glass or borax as cleansing agents; (3) benzylcresols are hydrogenated and sulphonated; the benzyl residue may be substituted, or replaced by the benzoyl, phenylacetyl or b -phenylpropionyl residues in which case the two rings obtained after hydrogenation are connected by short aliphatic chains; (4) cyclohexylbenzylphenol or cresol or dibenzylphenol or cresol is hydrogenated and sulphonated; (5) condensation products derived from naphthalene and cresol obtained (a) by chlorinating deca or tetra-hydronaphthalene and condensing with cresol or phenol or (b) condensing octahydronaphthalene with cresol or phenol, are hydrogenated and sulphonated; the products may be used as washing agents in association with per compounds and soda trisodiumphosphate or sodium pyrophosphate; (6) menaphthylphenol or cresol is hydrogenated and sulphonated; similar products are also obtained from (a) naphthoyl cresol, (b) butylnaphthoylcresol, (c) cresol and phenol condensation products containing the anthracene and phenanthrene nuclei obtained by treating anthracene and phenanthrene with hydrochloric acid and formaldehyde and condensing with cresol or phenol, or from colophony by forming a resin alcohol by reduction, and condensing with cresol or phenol, possibly after replacing the hydroxy group by chlorine, (d) cresol or phenol condensation products containing the naphthene residue prepared from resin alcohol; the products may be used in the production of dust binding agents; (7) mixtures of commercial cresols are condensed with menaphthylchloride or isobutyl menaphthylhloride and after hydrogenation sulphonated; (8) 2 mols. menaphthylchloride are condensed with 1 mol. phenol and after hydrogenation are sulphonated to give a cleansing agent which may be used in association with soap; (9) soap substitutes are prepared from a -benzyl-b -naphthol, b -phenylacetylnaphthols and isopropylbenzoylnaphthols by hydrogenation and sulphonation; in association with sand, and possibly soda, trisodiumphosphate, sodium pyrosphate or sodium metaphosphate scouring and polishing agents are obtained; (10) benzyl-a -naphthol or menaphthyl-a -naphthol is perhydrogenated and sulphonated; the products after neutralization with sodium bicarbonate and extraction with acetone may be used with sodium sulphate, magnesium sulphate or sodium naphthalene or propyl or butylnaphthalene sulphonate as cleansing agents.  The use of triarylmethanes containing a cyclically bound hydroxy group as starting material, after hydrogenation is mentioned.  The products may be used in cosmetic preparations, soaps and creams in association with hydrocarbon or alcoholic solvents, urease, pancreatin and super fatting agents in powder, flake, lump, shread or paste form.