baber/WOPTO huggingface dataset:
Patent GB-301720-A (GB)
Title: Improvements in and relating to the treatment of coal and like carbonaceous material
IPC: C10L9/04
Filed: 1927-08-04
Abstract: 301,720. Lander, C., Sinnatt, F. S., King, J. G., and Crawford, A. Aug. 4, 1927. Coking processes.-Coal, lignite or other carbonaceous material such as sawdust is subjected to the action of hydrogen or hydrogen containing gases under pressure, and at such a temperature that the material is modified and can be converted into a mass which is plastic or fluid at high temperature and which solidifies on cooling to a mass that is not easilv fusible, but such treatment does not result in the conversion of the material into a product oily at normal temperatures. The treatment, applied to coal removes some of its sulphur. Examples of suitable conditions are, 370‹ to 460‹ C. and. pressures of 230 to 300 atmospheres. When coal is treated, its coking properties are modified, and a coherent coke may be obtained from sawdust or other cellulosic materials, or from the carbonized products of these materials. Fuel briquettes are obtained by mixing the hot plastic or fluid mass with non- coking or other coals or carbonaceous material to give a coherent mass at normal temperatures, and coherent coke may be made by mixing non-coking coal with the plastic product and coking the mixture. An increased yield of tar or liquid products results from the distillation of materials so treated in retorts of the usual kinds or in gas producers. The thermoplastic masses may be used in place of asphaltic or bituminous materials. A product oily or liquid at normal temperature is obtained by subjecting the plastic mass to further hydrogenation, or the plastic mass may be solidified by cooling, pulverized, mixed with tar or oil and hydrogenated. The hydrogenation need not be carried to the plastic stage but to a stage at which the materials retain their original form. As an accelerator luxmasse (containing iron oxide) may be used, and when heating coal to increase its coking properties, coarse grained coal from 2¢ inches downwards may be used.
Patent GB-998045-A (GB)
Title: Adhesive bandage and wrapper therefor
IPC: A61F13/02
Filed: 1962-05-29
Abstract: 998,045. Surgical dressings. C. B. STENVALL. May 29, 1962, No. 20687/62. Heading A5R. [Also in Division B8] An adhesive bandage comprises a pad 13 formed by inwardly folding the ends of a gauze strip 11 about an absorbent filler 10, the side edges of the strip 11 being bonded together by a pressure-sensitive bonding agent to prevent fraying, the pad being secured independently to an adhesive-coated backing strip, and a cover strip 16 covering the top of the pad and those parts of the backing strip not covered by the pad. The filler 10 comprises layers of gauze, or a cotton mass, and a gauze cover 11 which is impregnated with natural or synthetic latex and is folded around the filler so that cut ends extend beyond opposite sides of the filler or are flush therewith. The cut ends are crushed to bond together opposite sides of the cover. The pad so formed is placed intermediate the ends of an adhesive-coated polyvinylchloride backing strip 14 and a cover strip 16 having tear perforations or scores 17 is provided. Panels 22, 23 of the wrapper 20 are overlapped over the pad and secured by a solvent adhesive. The ends of the wrapper are sealed by heat-sensitive adhesive. A tear strip 26 is incorporated in the wrapper. A corrugated spacing member may be disposed in the pad to provide air ventilating passages.
Patent GB-665247-A (GB)
Title: Improvements in or relating to combustion apparatus
IPC: F23R3/34
Filed: 1949-08-09
Abstract: 665,247. Gas turbine plant. WESTINGHOUSE ELECTRIC INTERNATIONAL CO. Aug. 9, 1949 [Sept. 21, 1948], No. 20698/49. Class 110(iii). [Also in Group XI] The turbine combustion apparatus of the plant comprises an annular wall structure to which fuel is supplied at a number of annular zones, the supply being controlled so that decrease in the quantity of fuel occurs progressively from the radially outermost annular zone towards the innermost annular zone, and increase in the quantity of fuel occurs progressively in the reverse order. The fuel is supplied through three ring manifolds 55, 56, 57 to the tail burner 23 and the supply is controlled by the valve 64 connected to the manifolds by conduits 60, 61, 62, the rotary member 66 of the valve being so formed that as the valve is moved from the fully-open position shown, fuel is progressively cut-off from the radially outermost manifold 57 towards the innermost manifold 55. The nozzles 58 on the innermost manifold 55 discharge fuel downstream while the nozzles 58 on the outer manifolds discharge upstream. The flame-holder 24 comprises a grid arrangement of hollow frusto-conical members 52 parallel to the axis of the plant and connected by a network of ribs 53. Reference has been directed by the Comptroller to Specification 665,446.
Patent GB-222103-A (GB)
Title: A new or improved process for vulcanising rubber and the product obtained thereby
IPC: C08K5/00
Filed: 1924-09-02
Abstract: Aldehydes are condensed with thiourea in the presence or not of ammonia; an acid may be present as catalyst.  For example a product may be prepared by adding aldehyde ammonia to an aqueous solution of thiourea; it may also be produced by dissolving crude calcium cyanamide in water, adding an acid such as sulphuric, to precipitate the calcium, and adding ammonium sulphide, or ammonia and hydrogen sulphide, with or without removal of the calcium salt; to the solution which contains ammonia and thiourea is added acetaldehyde in liquid or gaseous form, and the reaction product is crystallized out. Other aldehydes such as benzaldehyde, formaldehyde, and furfuraldehyde, may replace acetaldehyde, and acid catalysts may be used.  In the case of thiourea and acetaldehyde ammonia, the resulting product has the formula <FORM:0222103/2/1>
Patent GB-1418953-A (GB)
Title: Internal combustion engines exhaust gas recirculation device
IPC: F02D21/06
Filed: 1973-05-02
Abstract: 1418953 Treating I C engine charges; treating exhaust gases STP CORP 2 May 1973 [1 Nov 1972] 20738/73 Heading F1B A mixture compressing I.C. engine has means for recirculating either exhaust gas only or a mixture of air and exhaust gas to the engine intake, in order to reduce the formation of pollutants, the amount of each of the gases being controlled automatically by means responsive to atmospheric pressure, intake manifold pressure and exhaust gas pressure. A four-stroke I.C. engine has a plate 40 interposed between the flanges connecting the exhaust manifold and the exhaust pipe and a plate 42 interposed between the flanges connecting the carburetter and the inlet manifold. Holes 48 in the plate 40 lead to a chamber 49 beneath a conduit 44 connecting the plates. The lower wall of chamber 49 is formed by a plate 69 having apertures and pins 74 which guide a vertically movable thin plate 70. The plate has a central aperture 70b and in its extreme positions either closes the apertures 72 or abuts the end-face of the conduit 44, flow through the conduit then being metered by the aperture 70b. Plate 40 has a chamber 54 connected by passages 52 to an annular channel 58 which communicates by angled slots 60 with the inlet duct. A separator 84 is supported by struts 87 centrally in the exhaust manifold and is maintained at high temperature by the exhaust gases, thus promoting after-burning of incompletely oxidized fuel in the exhaust gases. Operation. During idling, low speed cruising and deceleration, plate 70 is lifted and allows ambient air to enter chamber 49 and mix with exhaust gas which is recirculated to the intake manifold. The negative pressure pulses which occur in the exhaust system cause air to be drawn into the cylinders via the exhaust valves. During acceleration and high speed cruising plate 70 is forced down and closes the apertures 72 so that exhaust gas only is recirculated. Slots 60 are designed to create high frequency sound waves when the exhaust gases reach high velocity which produce sonic frequency standing waves and enhance atomization of the fuel.
Patent GB-829549-A (GB)
Title: Improvements relating to electric control apparatus
Inventor: CALVERLEY HENRY BOLTON
IPC: B60L15/06
Filed: 1955-07-18
Abstract: 829,549. Control of motors; controllers. ENGLISH ELECTRIC CO. Ltd. July 16, 1956 [July 18, 1955], No. 20744/55. Class 38 (3). [Also in Group XXXV] A main transformer 10 has its primary winding supplied from an overhead A.C. line through a pantograph, the transformer being provided with a main secondary winding 10b and two independent secondary windings 10c, 10d. Traction motors M1-M4 are supplied from the winding 10b through the secondary windings 13a, 13b of another transformer 13, a smoothing choke 14 and rectifiers 15 being connected in the motor circuit. When the vehicle is stationary, the contacts of a regulating transformer 17 are at opposite ends of the winding so that the sum of the voltages of windings 10c, 10d, are applied to winding 13c and the voltages of windings 13a, 13b, are equal in magnitude and opposite in phase to those of the corresponding halves of the winding 10b. Thus, no voltage is applied to the motors. The vehicle is accelerated by moving the contacts of the regulating transformer toward each other, thus reducing the primary voltage of the transformer 13. After the movable contacts have reached their central position, the voltages of windings 10c, 10d are in opposition, and the voltage of winding 13c is gradually reduced to zero. A change-over switch 16 is then operated and the regulating transformer is adjusted in the opposite direction, whereby the voltage applied to winding 13c is gradually increased to its full value but in the opposite direction, so that the voltages derived from windings 13a, 13b, boost those of the winding 10b. The regulating transformer 17 is adjusted by means of a pilot motor 22 supplied from an amplifying exciter 20 having a reference winding 20a and a motor currentresponsive winding 20b. The amplifying exciter operates to maintain -the traction load current proportionate to the setting of a driver's controller 18. In another arrangement two independent secondary windings of the transformer 10 are connected to respective regulating transformers, and the traction motors supplied from the two halves of the secondary winding 10b through the moving contacts of these transformers. In addition, the main transformer has other secondary windings connected in series with the moving contacts of the regulating transformers, with reversing switches provided in circuit with these windings, Fig. 2 (not shown). The motors are supplied through two pairs of oppositely-connected rectifiers, the mid-point of each of the motor circuits being connected through an equalizer lead to the centre tap of winding 10b. Alternatively, the winding 10b has no centre tap and an equalizer connection is made between the mid-points of the two motor circuits, Fig. 3 (not shown). The transformer 10 may be used for supplying a single-phase series commutator motor without affecting the form of control.
Patent GB-667302-A (GB)
Title: Improvements relating to fluid pressure braking apparatus for railway and like vehicles
IPC: B60T15/46
Filed: 1949-08-10
Abstract: 667,302. Fluid-pressure brakes. WESTING- HOUSE BRAKE & SIGNAL CO., Ltd., SIMMONS, A. W., and GNAVI, A. July 18, 1950 [Aug. 10, 1949], No. 20784/49. Class 103 (i). The accelerator bulb 26 in a distributer valve for fluid-pressure brakes is arranged, when the slide valve 2 is in the release position, to be connected to the brake cylinder or atmosphere through two sets of passages 5, 16, 20, 17 or 5, 12, 14, the change-over being made by a cock 19, which may be the " passenger-freight " changeover cock and a valve 21 is arranged to block the passage 20, until the brake cylinder pressure acting in the chamber 24 below diaphragm 23 has fallen below a predetermined value. By making passages 16, 20, 17 operative for the " passenger " position of the cock 19, this arrangement avoids the over-severe application of the brakes that may be caused by too low a pressure in the bulb 26, when there are repeated slight re-applications of the brakes while a train is descending a gradient.
Patent GB-930208-A (GB)
Title: Process and apparatus for continuous acetylation of fibrous cellulose
IPC: C08B17/02
Filed: 1960-06-14
Abstract: An apparatus for the continuous acetylation in the gaseous phase of fibrous cellulose comprises lower and upper driven metallic gauge endless belts 1 and 2 (fig. 1) provided with ribs (Figs. 1, 2 and 3). The belts pass over guide pulleys 2 and 3. Fibrous cellulose such as cotton, viscose rayon or cuprammonium rayon is conveyed from left to right by being held between the belts through the inlet zone 4, reaction zone 11 and outlet zone 41 of a reaction chamber 20.  The chamber is also provided with moisture exclusion zones 5, 51; gas leakage preventing zones 6, 61; gas reservoirs 7, 71; and gas dilution preventing zones 8, 81.  The zones are separated from oneanother by baffle plates 16 which enrircle the belts.  Dried air or dried inert gas is introduced into the zones 5, 51 through pipes 23, 231.  The zones 7, 71 are provided with outlet pipes 10, 101 for discharging excess gas, the gas being withdrawn by a fan (not shown). The reaction zone 11 occupies the whole space between the inner baffle plates of zones 8 and 81 and comprises a space 15 to prevent surging of vapour leaving the reaction chambers and reaction chambers 24 into which is fed through pipes 13 acetic anhydride vapour or a mixture of this vapour with acetic acid vapour.  The vapour is forced through the cellulose held between the belts in the chamber 24 by the fan 14 (Fig. 3) to promote acetylation of the cellulose and remove therefrom heat generated by the reaction.  The vapours flow from the chambers 24 through the gaps 12 and 121 into the surge preventing space 15 and from thence through zones 8, 81 into the zones 7, 71 where it mixes with the dried air or other gas fed into the zones 5, 51 and is drawn out through the outlet pipes 10, 101 to a recovery plant.  Air heated to temperature above the dew point of the acetic anhydride vapour or acetic anhydride acetic acid vapour is circulated round the reaction chamber 20 by a fan 18 (Fig. 2), the chamber 20 being enclosed in casing 17 covered with heat insulating material 19. <PICT:0930208/IV(a)/1> <PICT:0930208/IV(a)/2> <PICT:0930208/IV(a)/3>
Patent GB-721113-A (GB)
Title: Means for fixing fireplaces
IPC: E04B1/41
Filed: 1953-07-28
Abstract: 721,113. Fixing fireplaces. MERCER, C. H. July 28, 1953. No. 20927/53. Class 126. A fastening device for fireplaces, of the kind adapted to be embedded in the cement or other setting material forming part of the fireplace, comprises a strip of sheet metal shaped to form a flat central portion with an aperture or slot, and two end portions lying in a plane normal to the surface and parallel to the edges of the central part, and at an inclination to and on the same side of the central portion, and a separately formed tongue piece having an offset portion with lateral projections which engages with the slot in the central portion. The shaped strip 1 has a rectangular slot 2 with an enlarged circular part 3 in the flat central part 6, and keying holes 8 are formed in the wings 7. The tongue 9, Fig. 2, has an offset part forming lateral projections 13 of overall width slightly greater than the length of the slot 2, joined to the main part by a neck of slightly less width than the circular aperture 3. In use, the wings 7 of the shaped strips 1 are embedded in the cement backing 14 of the fireplace surround, Fig, 6, with the offset portion of the tongue 9 engaging the keyhole slots in the flat portions 6, and the fireplace is secured by screws 17 passing through the tongues 9. In a modification, Fig. 5 (not shown) the keyhole slot is replaced by an open ended slot. In this form the tongue may be engaged with the strip on the site, a shallow channel being formed in the cement backing below the flat central portion of the strip.
Patent GB-1273941-A (GB)
Title: Plow
IPC: A01B63/02
Filed: 1971-04-19
Abstract: 1,273,941. Mole plom coupling. AMERICAN TRACTOR EQUIPMENT CORP. 19 April, 1971 [11 May, 1970], No. 20937/71. Headings A1B and A1P. Extending brackets 8 and 9 are secured to the mounting plate 7 which is attached to the rear of tractor 6. Cylinder support bracket 11 is supported on brackets 8, 9 for transverse movement of tractor 6 by a pair of spaced upper ears 12, 13 and lower cape 14, 16, by means of pins 17 and 18. Hydraulic cylinder and piston devices 21, 22 pivot at 20 on either side of bracket 11, thus moving bracket 11 transversely of tractor 6, the rods from 21 and 22 indicated at 23 and 24 are attached to the upper bracket 8 by means of pins 26 and 27. Lower arm 32 and welded arms 31 are hinged to bracket 11 by means of pins 34 and 33 respectively, the arms extending rearwardly of tractor 6 and secured to frame 38 by pins 36 and 37. Adjustment of arms in a vertical plane is controlled by cylinder 41 mounted on support bracket 11 by bearings 42. Piston rod 43 from cylinder 41 is attached on arm 32 as at 44. Plom share holder 46 has ears 47, 48 extending on either side of frame 38 and supported on vertical pin 49, the holder 46 being free for movement with respect to frame 38 by a cylinder and piston structure 51 on bracket 52 on one side of the frame. Structure 51 ensures that the tractor steers accurately when shank of plom is offset to the direction of tractor travel. Cable plom 61 includes cutting point 62. Cable feed tube 64 is attached to member 61 by means of supports 63.
Patent GB-706965-A (GB)
Title: Improvements in or relating to vapour generating and superheating units
IPC: F22G5/04
Filed: 1952-08-22
Abstract: 706,965. Water-tube steam boilers; superheaters and reheaters. BABCOCK & WILCOX, Ltd. Aug. 22, 1952 [Aug. 23. 1951], No. 21174/52. Classes 123(2) and 123(3) A steam boiler comprises a furnace 10 which is lined with steam-generating tubes such as 16, 18, 24 and is fired by three superposed rows cf burners 46, 47, 48 and' the gases from which flow through. a secondary superheater 64 to the inlets 66, 68 respectively of a gas by-pass 70 and three parallel gas passes 72, 73, 74, the later being arranged side-by-side at the rear of the said by-pass 70. The gas passes 72, 74 are disposed symmetrical with respect to the pass 73 and the centre line of the boiler and each houses one-half 98 ...102 of a primary superheater, whereas the pass 73 houses a reheater, not shown, and the by-pass 70 an economizer 82...84. The outlet of each individual gas pass 72...74 is fitted with a series of control dampers 140, and similarly the outlet of the by-pass 70 has independently operable dampers 142, all these outlets opening into a common breeching 150 which leads to a flue and is provided with a return branch 160, having a fan 162 and damper 168, for recirculation of some of the gases through the boiler. The superheater and reheater are adapted to give the desired steam temperatures at an intermediate control point in the load range of the boiler; these temperatures are maintained, at loads below the predetermined control point, by a controlled recirculation of gases through the return branch 160 together with operation of the three series of dampers 142, and, at loads above, by operation of the by-pass dampers 140 and the said dampers 142. Temperature indicators 119, 159 and 199 are fitted. respectively in the superheated steam outlet pipe 118, the reheater outlet 157, and the outlet headers 93 of the primary superheater.
Patent GB-688496-A (GB)
Title: Improvements in and relating to hydraulic ironing machines
IPC: D06F71/06
Filed: 1950-08-28
Abstract: 688,496. Ironing-presses. BRITISH THOMSON-HOUSTON CO., Ltd. Aug. 28, 1950. [Sept. 2, 1949] No. 21234/50. Addition to 684,517. Class 138 (ii). [Also in Group XXIX] In an ironing-machine as described in the parent Specification, a piston 23, connected to the buck, carries a pump 7, driven by a shaft 6, and is pressed by a spring into a position of rest in which a nozzle 24 is engaged with a valve seat 32 that has transverse movement for alignment purposes. When the pump is started, liquid is delivered from the upper part of a cylinder 3 through the nozzle 24 and passage 25 to a second cylinder 16 containing a piston 15 loaded by a spring 21 and connected to the ironing element. At the end of its stroke, piston 15 uncovers port 27 to allow the liquid to pass to cylinder 3 and lift piston 23. When the pump is stopped, the piston 23 is returned by its spring and piston 15 is similarly returned, the liquid being transferred to cylinder 3 through an additional passage 38 of larger cross-sectional area to permit a higher speed of return.
Patent GB-322159-A (GB)
Title: Improvements in or relating to blocks for switches, ceiling roses and other electrical fittings
IPC: H02G3/10
Filed: 1928-07-23
Abstract: 322,159. Brewer, J. J., and Brewer, F. F. July 23, 1928. Bases for couplings.-A block for mounting a. ceiling rose, switch, or other fitting has a recess cut into its surface to receive the base of the fitting that rests on a ledge a formed round or partly round the recess, the block being fixed to the wall &c. by the screws securing the fitting. A channel b is cut in the back of the block to accommodate the wiring. When two or more fittings are mounted on one block, one channel b, Fig. 5, may extend laterally or centrally to all the recesses a.