Patent GB-649045-A (GB)
Title: Improvements in and relating to the manufacture and production of artificial threadsfrom viscose
IPC: D01F2/06
Filed: 1948-02-18
Abstract: In the production of artificial threads from viscose by extruding the viscose into an aqueous coagulating bath containing an acid and one or more metallic salts, the thread after leaving the bath is treated with an oil containing an oil-soluble compound which is either itself cation-active or forms a cation-active compound by salt formation after contact with acid.  The formation of hard deposits on thread-guides, godets and thread-advancing reels is thus prevented. The oil may be a mineral oil, e.g. a "white oil," a non-drying fatty oil, e.g. olive oil, or a liquid wax, e.g. sperm oil.  The threads after treatment as above may be p  stretched while immersed in a bath of hot dilute aqueous acid. The process may be continuous, the viscose being extruded into the coagulating bath and the thread thus formed being subjected without any break to a series of treatments (including the treatment with oil containing the oil-soluble compound) and then dried and wound on to a package.  The oil-soluble compounds may be condensation products of one or other of the following types: (1) Products having the general formula R-CO-(NHC2H4)n-NH2 in which R is a long chain hydrophobe group with not less than 10 carbon atoms in the chain and n is an integer of 1 to 5.  These compounds may be obtained by condensing a long chain fatty acid with an aliphatic polyamine, for example by condensing 1 mol. of oleic, stearic or palmitic acid or a mixture of these acids with 1 mol. of diethylene triamine, triethylene tetramine or pentaethylene hexamine or a mixture of these polyamines.  (2) Products having the general formula R-CO-(NHC2H4)n.NH.R1.R11X in which R is a long chain hydrophobe group with not less than 10 carbon atoms in the chain, n is an integer of 1 to 5, R1 and R11 are alkyl groups, e.g. methyl or ethyl groups, and X is an anion, for example Br or HSO4.  These condensation products may be obtained by alkylating the condensation products of class (1) by treatment with an alkyl halide or dialkyl sulphate, e.g. dimethyl or diethyl sulphate.  (3) Products obtained by reacting a long chain fatty acid, having not less than 10 carbon atoms in the molecule, for example oleic acid or stearic acid, with an alkanol-amine, for example mono-ethanol-amine, and also the products obtained by reacting such condensation products with an alkylene oxide, for example ethylene oxide, provided that the proportion of ethylene oxide is restricted so that the oil-soluble properties are retained.  (4) Products obtained by reacting a long chain aliphatic primary amine, for example octadecylamine, with an alkylene oxide, for example ethylene oxide, until a product is formed which is just dispersible in water. (5) Products obtained by reacting a long chain aliphatic primary amine, e.g. octadecylamine, with ethylene oxide and alkylating the product by treatment with an alkyl halide or a dialkyl sulphate, e.g. with dimethyl or diethyl sulphate.  The general formula of the condensation products obtained is <FORM:0649045/IV (a)/1> in which R is a long chain hydrophobe group of not less than 10 carbon atoms, R1 and R11 are alkyl groups, X is an anion, e.g. Br or HSO4 and n is an integer of 2 to 20.  The value of n is dependent on the chain length of R and an increase in the value of n is necessary with an increase in the chain length of R in order to obtain an oil soluble product, e.g. when R has 12 carbon atoms n is 1 or 2 and when R has 16 carbon atoms n is 5 to 7.  In an example, viscose is extruded into an aqueous coagulating bath containing sulphuric acid, sodium sulphate and zinc sulphate.  The thread thereby formed is withdrawn from the coagulating bath and a mineral lubricating oil solution of a compound obtained by condensing one mol. of oleic acid with one mol. of triethylene tetramine is dropped on to it.  The thread is then sprayed with a dilute aqueous solution of sulphuric acid, sodium sulphate and zinc sulphate.  In the second example, in which the thread is treated in a similar manner, the oil-soluble compound is obtained by alkylating with one mol. of dimethyl sulphate the condensation product of one mol. of palm kernel oil acids with one mol. of diethylene triamine.  In the third example the oil-soluble compound is obtained by condensing one part of stearyl ethanolamide with two parts of ethylene oxide. Specifications 467,500, 469,817, 649,044 and U.S.A.  Specification 2,394,519 are referred to.