Patent GB-633384-A (GB)
Title: Improvements in or relating to a vehicle suspension
IPC: B60G11/23
Filed: 1947-07-04
Abstract: 633,384. Road and rail vehicle spring-suspensions; rubber springs. GOODRICH CO., B. F. July 4, 1947, No. 17763. Convention date, July 8, 1946. [Classes 103 (vi), 108 (ii) and 108 (iii)] A vehicle suspension system comprises a supported structure, a supporting wheel assembly and cushioning means between the structure and wheel assembly, having inner and outer relatively rotatable elements and a body of resilient material between them, a connection between one of the elements and the supported structure, a connection between the other element and the wheel assembly, one of the elements being rotatably adjustable relative to its connection and fluid pressure means for rotatably adjusting the rotatable element, the fluid pressure means being responsive to a change in the height of the structure relative to the wheel assembly resulting from a change in the load on the vehicle. In the arrangement according to Fig. 2, for a road vehicle, independent rubber torsion springs for each wheel comprise an outer sleeve 31 having an arm 27 for attachment to a wheel assembly and an inner hollow shaft 32 rotatably mounted on stub shafts 34 rigid with the vehicle frame. A rubber or the like sleeve 33 surrounding the shaft 32 is preferably bonded thereto and to the sleeve 31. At the normally desired height of the vehicle frame an arm 35 rigid with the shaft 32 contacts a piston of a hydraulic piston and cylinder device associated with each torsion spring. This device comprises a cylinder 37, Figs. 3 and 4, rigidly mounted on the vehicle frame and having a piston 36 movable therein against the action of pressure liquid 40. A valve chamber mounted on the cylinder having a chamber 39 connects an aperture 42 in the cylinder with either inlet and outlet apertures 44 and 45, which communicate respectively with high and low pressure sides of a motor driven pump (not shown). Associated with the pump is a reservoir (not shown). A piston 46, Fig. 5, controlling injection or ejection of liquid to or from the cylinder 37, closes the aperture 42 at the normally desired height of the vehicle frame and is slotted to accommodate an arm 47 carried by a pin 48, Fig. 4, which is mounted on a plate 49 secured to the cylinder. The ends of a control arm 50, adjustably secured to the pin 48, are connected by springs 53 respectively to the vehicle frame and to an arm 52 rigidly attached to the sleeve 31. Upon increase of load on the vehicle, the arm 52 descends under the combined action of the springs 53, to rotate the arm 50, pin 48 and arm 47, Figs. 4 and 5, in a manner to move the piston 46 which thus opens the aperture 44 to the aperture 42 thereby to raise the piston 36 in the cylinder 37 and the arm 35. Movement of the latter, effects rotation of the arm 35 and the sleeve 32 so that the original frame height relative to the wheel is restored. A similar action occurs upon a decrease in vehicle loading, except that the piston is operated so that the aperture 42 is connected with the outlet aperture 45. A flow restricting passage 60, Fig. 5, in the piston 46 prevents movement of the piston and consequent operation of the device for momentary variation in vehicle loading. The time lag between relative movement of the vehicle frame and wheel and operation of the device may be made adjustable by means of a flow restricting element 66 inserted in the passage 60 and having an orifice of the desired size and/or by regulation of the tension of springs 53. The liquid pump may be electrically driven and controlled automatically by a pressure regulator or driven by the vehicle engine or by any other means. A pressure accumulator is preferably connected in the high pressure pipe line to the inlet aperture 44 of each cylinder 37. In the arrangement according to Fig. 6, for a railvehicle wherein the vehicle body is pivotally supported on a bogey 81 about a king pin 80, a pair of wheels 83, 84 at each end of the bogey is carried by arms 89, 91 extending from outer sleeves 92, 93 of rubber torsion springs mounted transversely of the frame 81 and comprising an inner shaft 94 extending through the sleeves 92, 93 and rotatably mounted on the frame 81 and a rubber or the like element 98 mounted between the shaft and each sleeve 92 and 93 respectively. At the normally desired height of the vehicle relative to the wheels 83, 84, an arm 35 rigidly secured to the shaft 94 mid-way between the sleeves 92 and 93, contacts the piston of the hydraulic piston and cylinder device, described with reference to Figs. 2, 3, 4 and 5 above, the springs 53 connected to the control arm 50, being connected at their opposite ends respectively to the frame 81 and a rod 106 extending transversely between the sleeves 92 and 93. The hydraulic device may be connected hydraulically with that associated with the pair of wheels at the other end of the bogey. In another arrangement, Fig. 7 (not shown), a pair of wheels mounted on a common axle at each end of a bogey is supported by a pair of rubber torsion springs extending longitudinally of the bogey frame, each spring being associated with a hydraulic piston and cylinder device as described above. The vehicle body is pivotally supported on a bolster extending transversely of the bogey frame. Specification 616,299 is referred to.