Patent GB-881102-A (GB)
Title: Textile treating composition and process of treating cellulosic textiles therewith
IPC: D06M15/53
Filed: 1957-12-12
Abstract: A composition suitable for treating textile materials consisting wholly or mainly of cellulose comprises (1) one or more aminoplast resins, e.g. urea-formaldehyde resins including those from cyclicureas such as ethylene urea, 1, 2- propylene urea and 1, 3 - propylene urea, and their alkylated derivatives, guanamine and substituted guanamine-formaldehyde reaction products and their alkylated derivatives and melamine-formaldehyde reaction products and their alkylated derivatives, (2) one or more diesters of the general formula <FORM:0881102/IV (a)/1> in which R is H or an aliphatic radical, n is an integer greater than -1, m is an integer greater than 0 and p is 1 except when n is 0, in which case p is 0 or 1, and (3) an acid-acting catalyst, e.g. ammonium, amines, alkanolamine and metal salts, such as ammonium chloride, triethylamine hydrochloride, triethanolamine hydrochloride, magnesium chloride and zinc nitrate, and acetic, tartaric and lactic acids.  The compositions may contain 1-25% by weight of the aminoplast resins, 0,5-15% by weight of the diesters and 1-60%, based on the weight of the diesters and aminoplast resins, of the acid-acting catalyst, and may also contain stiffeners, softeners and lubricants.  The composition may be applied to the textile materials as a solution in 15-20% acetone-water solutions or in water in the presence of a non ionic surface active agent or as an oil-in-water emulsion prepared by dissolving the diester in a hydrocarbon solvent, e.g. xylene, and mixing with water with vigorous stirring in the presence of a dispersing agent, followed by addition of the aminoplast and catalyst.ALSO:Diesters having the general formula <FORM:0881102/IV (b)/1> in which R is H or an aliphatic radical and m and n are integers greater than O, are prepared by reacting an appropriate bis-halo-methyl ether with a salt of a carboxylic acid and a mono- or di-basic inorganic alkali, e.g. an alkali or alkaline earth metal hydroxide or ammonium hydroxide, in an organic liquid in which the metal or ammonium carboxylic acid salt is soluble but the corresponding metal or ammonium halide produced in the reaction is not.  Preferred solvents are the acids corresponding to the anions of the carboxylic acid salts, e.g. formic, acetic and butyric acids, although the lower alkanols and glycols, and dimethyl formamide and dimethyl sulphoxide and their homologues, are also suitable.  Methylene diacetate, oxydimethylene diacetate and higher poly (oxymethylene) diacetates, which may be separated as three fractions by vacuum distillation, are prepared by reacting 2 moles of paraformaldehyde with 1 mole of acetic anhydride in the presence of zinc chloride at 110 DEG C. for 24 hours.ALSO:Textile materials consisting wholly or mainly of cellulose are treated with a composition comprising (1) a diester having the formula <FORM:0881102/IV (c)/1> in which R is H or an aliphatic radical, n is an integer greater than -1, m is an integer greater than O and p is 1 except when n is 0, in which case p is 0 or 1, and (2) an acid acting catalyst; the materials are then subjected to an elevated temperature to dry and cure the treating composition and to improve their wrinkle recovery and shrink proof properties.  Mixtures of diesters may be used and specified acid acting catalysts are ammonium, amine, alkanolamine and metal salts, e.g. ammonium chloride, triethylamine hydrochloride, triethanolamine hydrochloride, magnesium chloride and zinc nitrate, and acetic, tartaric and lactic acids.  The treating composition may also contain one or more aminoplast resins, e.g. urea -formaldehyde resins including those from cyclic ureas such as ethylene urea, 1,2-propylene urea and 1,3-propylene urea, and their alkylated derivatives, guanamine and substituted guanimine-formaldehyde reaction products and their alkylated derivatives and melamine-formaldehyde reaction products and their alkylated derivatives, stiffeners, softeners and lubricants.  The compositions, which may contain 0.5%-15% by weight of the diesters, 1%-25% by weight of the aminoplast resins and 1%-60%, based on the weight of the diesters and aminoplast resins, of acid acting catalysts may be applied to the textile materials as solutions in 15%-20% acetone-water solutions or in water in the presence of a non-ionic surface active agent, or as oil-in-water emulsions prepared by dissolving the diester in a hydrocarbon solvent, e.g. xylene, and mixing with water in the presence of a dispersing agent with vigorous stirring and the subsequent addition of the catalyst and aminoplast. The treated materials may be dried at 175 DEG F-275 DEG F and cured at 300 DEG -450 DEG F. Specified fibres which may be in the form of filaments, threads, yarns and twisted yarns as such or in woven or non-woven fabrics or sheet cloths, are cotton, linen, hemp, jute, ramie, sisal, cellulose derivatives, e.g. cellulose acetate, which contain free hydroxyl groups and viscose and cuprammonium rayons and mixtures thereof with each other or with non-cellulosic fibres.