Patent GB-516978-A (GB)
Abstract: 516,978. Wetting &c. agents. DEUTSCHE HYDRIERWERKE AKT.-GES. July 13, 1938, No. 20789. Convention date, July 14, 1937. [Classes 2 (iii) and 15 (ii)] Wetting, cleansing, dispersing and emulsifying agents are made by reacting aliphatic, cycloaliphatic or hydroaromatic hydroxyl compounds containing a higher aliphatic residue with at least six carbon atoms, which may be interrupted by oxygen, sulphur or nitrogen, or metal compounds thereof, with aliphatic halogenketones having an easily exchangeable halogen atom, reducing the ketone group of the reaction product to a secondary alcohol group, and converting the latter into a water-solubilizing group by treating with sulphonating agents or alkylene oxides. The hydroxyl containing compounds may be higher primary, secondary or tertiary aliphatic alcohols, such as may be obtained by catalytic reduction of fats and waxes or by oxidation of mineral oils or paraffin waxes. The following are specified: hexyl, octyl, dodecyl, octodecyl, docosyl, and montanyl alcohols, unsaturated alcohols such as linseed oil-, wood oil-, and castor-oil alcohols, and alcohols with hetero-atoms, such as butyl and selachyl alcohols or synthetic products of this kind such as dodecyl-glycol ether, tetradecyl-thioglycerine ether and N-oxyalkylated higher aliphatic or cycloaliphatic amines. The alcohols may be employed alone or in admixture, such as the mixtures obtained in the reduction of coconut and palm kernel oils, or of sperm oil. As cycloaliphatic alcohols may be used the resin alcohols obtained by catalytic hydrogenation from natural resins and resin acids, such as colophony, dammar and copal resin ; also the naphthenic alcohols made by catalytic hydrogenation of naphthenic acids. The reactive halogen-ketones may be obtained by direct halogenation of the ketones ; chloro- and bromo-acetone and bromo-methylethylketone are specified. The reaction products from the halogenketones and hydroxy compounds are reduced by known methods, e.g. hydrogenation in the presence of copper or nickel. In an example, sodium lauryl alcoholate is heated with chloro-acetone, the product is reduced and sulphonated with chlorsulphonic acid, or made water-soluble by reaction with ethylene oxide. The Specification as open to inspection under Sect. 91 is not restricted to the use of aliphatic halogen-ketones, and specifies #-chloroacetophenone, #-chloro-alpha-propiophenone, and alphachloroacetylnaphthalene. The secondary alcohols obtained' may also be treated with any water-solubilizing agents, including agents for the introduction of thiosulphuric ester groups, phosphoric ester groups, carboxyl groups, and polyhydroxy and polyether groups. Additional solubilizing agents specified are polyvalent mineral acids in general, polyvalent alcohols, e.g. glycerol and sugars, ether-alcohols, e.g. polyglycol and polyglycerol, polybasic carboxylic acids, e.g. oxalic, adipic and sulphophthalic acids, monobasic or polybasic hydroxycarboxylic 'acids, and halogencarboxylic acids with subsequent replacement of the halogen by water-solubilizing groups, such as -SO3H, -S-SO3H, quaternary ammonium, or the betaine group. In a further example, the alcoholate from sodium and perhydro-4-secoctylphenol is condensed with chlorobutanone-2, reduced, and sulphonated with chlorsulphonic acid. This subject-matter does not appear in the Specification as accepted.