Patent GB-355363-A (GB)
Title: Colouration of textile and other materials
Filed: 1929-07-04
Abstract: Vat dyes, dyeing with; printing; dye preparations.-Textile and other materials, especially wool, silk, hair, furs, or other animal fibres, are dyed, printed, stencilled, or otherwise coloured by the application thereto of free leuco compounds of vat dyestuffs or of aminoanthraquinones.  The use of acidulated vats of indigo or thioindigo (cf.Specifications 7829/00 and 14261/06, [both in Class 15, Bleaching &c.],) or of neutral or acidulated vats containing protalbinic or lysalbinic acid or their salts (cf. Specification 145,674, [Class 2 (iii), Dyes &c.],) is excepted as is also the application of the process to the colouration of materials made of or containing cellulose esters or ethers (cf. Specification 341,408). The free leuco compounds may be applied in the form of solutions, e.g. in organic solvents, or of aqueous suspensions or dispersions from an acid, neutral or slightly alkaline medium, e.g. from a medium of pH value between 3 and 9.  Such aqueous suspensions or dispersions may be obtained by mechanical treatment or by treatment with dispersing agents and/or protective colloids or by liberating the leuco compounds in presence of dispersing agents and/or protective colloids.  The following types of vat and sulphur dyes are specified.:-(1) Indigoid colouring matters: (a) indigo derivatives, for example N.N1-dimethylindigo and halogenated indigos, e.g. Ciba blue 2B, (b) halogenated indirubines, e.g. Ciba heliotrope B, (c) thioindigo derivatives, for instance halogenated thioindigoid dyes, e.g. Ciba bordeaux B, (d) dinaphthindigoid dyes, e.g. Ciba green G, (e) indigoid dyes obtainable by condensing isatins or thiosatins with a -oxy-naphthalenes or a -oxy-anthracenes or derivatives thereof, and if desired subsequently halogenating, e.g. Alizarin indigo 3R and Helindone blue 3 GN.  (2) Anthraquinone colouring matters: (a) simple amino derivatives, e.g. 1-hydroxy-4-amino-anthraquinone, 1 : 5 - diamino - 4 : 8 - dihydroxy-anthraquinone, 1-methylamino-anthraquinone, 1 : 4 - dianilido - anthraquinone, (b) anthraquinonequinolines, e.g. 1 : 2 - dihydroxy - anthraquinonequinoline, (c) acylamino anthraquinones, e.g. 1-acetylamino-anthraquinone, 1 : 4-dipropionylaminoanthraquinone (obtainable by the action of propionic anhydride on 1 : 4-diaminoanthraquinone), 1 : 5 - dibenzoylaminoanthraquinone, buccinyl - a  - aminoanthraquinone, 1 : 5-dibenzoylamino-4 : 8-dihydroxy-anthraquinone, (d) anthrapyridones, e.g. 4-methylaminoanthrapyridone, (e) anthraquinone-mercaptans including their derivatives substituted in the nucleus and/or the mercapto groups, (f) benzanthrones and dibenzanthrones, e.g. violanthrone, iso-violanthrone, amino-violanthrone, (g) pyranthrone and its derivatives, (h) anthraflavone, (i) anthraquinoneacridones, e.g. anthraquinone - 1 (NH) - 2(CO) - naphthacridone, (j) dianthraquinoyls and acidylamino derivatives, (k) dianthraquinonylamines and derivatives, e.g. acidylamino derivatives (1) anthraquinoneazines and hydroazines, e.g. dianthraquinone-dihydroazines and their halogenated derivatives such as 1 : 2,11 : 21-dianthraquinone azine and its dichlor derivatives, (m) anthraquinoneoxazines, (n) anthraquinonedioxides, (o) anthraquinonethiazines, (p) anthraquinonedisulphides, (p) anthraquinonexanthones, (r) anthraquinonethioxanthones, (s) anthraquinonecarbazoles, (t) anthraquinonethiazoles.  (3) Derivatives of benzoquinone and naphthoquinones, e.g. those mentioned in Specifications 321,401 and 327,860, [both in Class 2 (iii), Dyes &c.].  (4) Indophenols and their derivatives, e.g. halogen derivatives.  (5) Perylenequinones and their amino, halogen and other derivatives.  (6) Dyestuffs obtainable by alkali fusion of imides and substituted imides of naphthalene peri-dicarboxylic acids and the dyestuffs obtainable by condensing naphthalene 1 : 4 : 5 : 8-tetracarboxylic acids with mono- or diamines.  (7) Sulphur dyestuffs commonly applied to cellulosic materials from hydrosulphite or other vats, for example the colouring matters obtained by sulphurizing indophenols derived from carbazol. Specified dispersing agents and protective colloids are sulphoaromatic fatty acid compounds, e.g. sulphobenzene palmitic acid compounds (see Specification 242,393, [Class 2 (iii), Dyes &c.],) sulphoaromatic ricinoleic acid compounds, e.g. sulphonaphthalenericinoleic acid, (see Specification 273,819, [Class 2 (iii), Dyes &c.],) naphthenic acids or other carbocyclic compounds containing salt-forming groups or salts of such acids or compounds (see Specification 224,925, [Class 2 (iii), Dyes &c.],) sulphonated oil compounds, e.g. sulphonated castor oil, furfural-naphthalene sulphonic acid compounds (see Specification 322,737, [Class 2 (iii), Dyes &c.]), resino-naphthalene sulphonic acid compounds (see Specification 323,788, [Class 2 (iii), Dyes &c.]), formaldehydenaphthalenesulphonic acid compounds, alkyl-, cycloalkyl-, and aralkyl-naphthalenesulphonic acids, sulphite cellulose waste liquor or its constituents or products of transformation, e.g. lignin sulphonic acid compounds, sulphonic acid compounds of mineral oils, tar oils, brown coal tar oils, and the like, and their products of condensation with alcohols, sulphonic acid compounds of distillation residues of benzaldehyde, molasses, carbohydrates including gums, glue and gelatine.  The leuco compounds may be oxidized on the materials by air, or by treatment with acid bichromate, bleaching powder, soap and sodium perborate, or soap and hydrogen peroxide.  In view of the small affinity of cotton, linen, regenerated cellulose, and like cellulosic fibres for the free leuco compounds, cross dyed effects are obtainable on mixed materials such as fabrics composed of silk and cotton or regenerated cellulose.  The following examples are specified: (1) Hanks of boiled off silk yarns are dyed a bright green fast to rubbing by treatment for 30-45 mins. at 75-80 DEG  C. in a bath slightly acidified with acetic acid containing Caledon jade green dispersed with sulphonated castor oil, caustic soda, and sodium hydrosulphite, followed by rinsing, hydroextraction, air oxidation, and soaping with or without additions of perborate to the bath.  (2) A woven fabric containing wool and degummed silk is dyed a full violet shade by treatment for 30-45 minutes at 75-80 DEG  C. in a bath slightly acidified with formic acid containing Ciba violet R, caustic soda, sodium hydrosulphite, and a formaldehydenaphthalenesulphonic acid, followed by draining, hydroextraction, air oxidation, and soaping with addition of perborate to the bath.  The Provisional Specification refers also to the use of the free leuco compounds of indigo and thioindigo.