baber/WOPTO huggingface dataset:
Patent GB-975281-A (GB)
Title: Refractometer
IPC: G01N21/43
Filed: 1962-02-07
Abstract: 975,281. Refractometers. H. E. GOLDBERG. Feb. 7, 1962 [Feb. 20, 1961], No. 4677/62. Heading G2J. Compensation for refractive index changes in a sample due to variation of temperature is effected by the use in the refractometer of a light deviating member. As shown in Fig. 1, collimated light from source 9 is refracted at the interface between sample 6 and prism 7 and focused by lens 3 on a scale 11 viewable through eyepiece 5. A temperature change dt results in a decrease dr, in the angle of refraction r1 and so alters the position of the focused image from 11 to 16. This effect is compensated by use of a prism assembly 25, which as shown in Fig. 2a is made up of a glass prism 17 and a prism 18 of a plastics material (e.g. cyclohexylmethacrylate) whose refractive index varies substantially with temperature. Prism 17 is chosen to have the same refractive index as prism 18 at one temperature so that, if thetemperature increases, the angle of refraction r2 will increase by an amount dr2 which can be chosen to effect the desired compensation. Prisms 17,18 are preferably separated by a layer of grease or some non-hardening compound with a viscosity less than 10<6> poises, and are held by screws 29 and U-strips 30 in a ring 28. A low melting, heat conducting material (e.g. Wood's metal) may be disposed between ring 28 and the sides of the prisms to improve temperature equilibrium between the prisms and the ring. Colour dispersion may be corrected by using a prism 7 of different refractive index or dispersion or by adjusting the inclination of its colour correcting exit face 8. To increase the range in which compensation is effective more than one compensation may be used in such a way that glass and plastic prism components alternate. Compensation may also be effected by adding a plastic prism 26 to the exit face of the glass main prism as in Fig. 4a, and this main prism may be reduced to a thin wedge or a plane parallel plate. In some circumstances the main prism may be omitted. Compensation over a large range may be obtained with a prism assembly such as 25 in Fig. 2a by giving the interface 23 a curved form (e.g. cylindrical). Instead of plastic prisms, liquid may be used. A refractometer using a liquid prism is shown in Fig. 7 wherein the space between glass prisms 48, 49 is filled with toluene, access to an expansion chamber 39 being provided through a port 40. Colour correction may be effected in this arrangement by orientating prism 48 so to oppose the colour effect of prism 49, by using an uncorrected lens as the objective 51 or by using a decentred lens. U.S.A. Specification 2,934,992 is referred to.
Patent GB-1508632-A (GB)
Title: Suspension arrangements for railway vehicles
IPC: B60G11/52
Filed: 1976-01-29
Abstract: 1508632 Railway vehicle undercarriages BRITISH RAILWAYS BOARD 29 Jan 1976 [4 Feb 1975] 4754/75 Heading B7L A wheelset to frame suspension arrangement, of a railway vehicle or bogie, comprises at least one suspension unit comprising a coil spring 9 and a rubber spring unit 8 acting in parallel between a wheel set member 1, 2, 3 and a frame member 4, e.g. a bogie frame, the unit 8 comprising a single annular rubber spring element 10 mounted on a vertical pin 11 secured to one member, e.g. 1, 2, 3 and cramped between the surface of the pin 11 and another vertical cylindrical surface of an inverted pot-shaped member 12, carried by the other of the members, e.g. 4, so that relative vertical movement between the members 4 and 1, 2, 3, causes stressing in shear of the rubber spring element 10 and/or rolling of the element 10 along the surfaces, which spring element 10 provides radial stiffness against relative movements between the members 4 and 1, 2, 3, in a horizontal plane. Instead of the constant cross-sections for the operative portions of the surfaces of the pot 12 and the pin 11, the cross-sections may vary as described with reference to Fig. 2 (not shown). Another rubber spring may be disposed between the free end of the pin 11 and the closed end of the pot 12, as described with reference to Fig. 4 (not shown). In the embodiment of Fig. 5 only one suspension unit 8, 9, is provided between one arm of a two armed wheel-set member 33 pivoted at 34 to the bogie frame 32. According to other embodiments Figs. 6 and 7 (not shown) the members 8, 9 of the suspension unit are spaced apart instead of being coaxial as in the embodiments of Figs. 1 to 5.
Patent GB-269466-A (GB)
Title: Improvements in hand trucks
IPC: B62B1/10
Filed: 1927-02-21
Abstract: 269,466. Watson, D. M., and Munoz. G. C. Feb. 21, 1927. Hand - trucks are formed with side and cross members which are channelled in cross-section, the ends of the cross - members being flattened inwards under the webs and secured to the webs of the side members. As shown, the side members 15 have beaded edges 22, Fig. 6, and the flanges of the cross-members 16 - - 19 are at the ends flattened out inwardly and secured to the side members 15 by rivets 26. The wheel axle is carried by brackets formed of strip metal 21 of the shape shown and strengthened by a ridge 33 and crossbraces 35. Legs 14 of similar metal are provided as shown. The handles 13 are secured in the channels of the side members. A toe-piece is provided and the beading 22 of the side members may be of various forms.
Patent GB-719871-A (GB)
Title: Improvements in or relating to the seam welding of heat-sealable sheet materials with high frequency electric currents
IPC: B29C65/78
Filed: 1952-02-25
Abstract: 719,871. Seaming non-metallic sheet material. ALEXANDER, H. Jan. 5, 1953 [Feb. 25, 1952], No. 4878/52. Class 42 (1). Portions of heat-sealable sheet material are seam-welded together by placing them, in contact and in the required relative position, on a carrier made of a material adapted to become adhesive during welding of the heat-sealable material, and passing the carrier and the portions of material between the electrodes of a high-frequency electrical welding machine, without relative movement between the carrier and the adjacent portion of heat-sealable material. After welding, the welded material is separated from the carrier. The carrier may be a flexible endless belt or belts; such a belt may be resilient across its thickness to give even pressure over the whole weld; a suitable material for the belt is a cotton-based material with a rubber facing. The carrier may be stationary during welding, or may move during welding between electrodes such as rollers; it may move automatically in steps of a length slightly less than the welding length of the electrodes, to produce a line weld. The portions of material to be welded may be guided into position on the carrier before passing between the electrodes. According to the Provisional Specification, the carrier may be a movable block or plate, a rotating disc, or the surface of a drum. Specification 555,054 is referred to.
Patent GB-986063-A (GB)
Title: Hardening of polyepoxide resins for electrical insulations
IPC: C08L63/00
Filed: 1962-02-08
Abstract: Polyepoxides are hardened by means of polyester acids which are prepared from polyvalent phenols and polyvalent acids or their ester-forming derivatives.  Many kinds of polyvalent phenols are referred to.  Hydroquinone, resorcinol and p, p1-dihydroxydiphenyl-methane are specifically mentioned.  Similarly many polycarboxylic acids are referred to generally. Adipic, succinic, sebacic, and the phthalic acids are specifically mentioned. Suitable polyexpoxides may be obtained from an epihalohydrin and a polyvalent alcohol or phenol, e.g. glycerine, 1,4-butanediol, tetramethylolcyclohexanol, or p,p1-dihydroxy-diphenyl-2, 2-propane. Conventional additives may be added to the polyepoxides.  The compositions may be used for moulding, or for impregnation, e.g. of mica tape for electrical insulation.  In examples an epoxy resin prepared from epichlorhydrin and p,p1 - dihydroxydiphenyl methane is hardened with acid polyesters prepared from (1) the diacetate and the diacetic acid derivative of p,p1-dihydroxydiphenyl-2,2-propane, (2) tetrachloro - p,p1 - dihydroxydiphenyl - 2,2 - propane - 0,01 - diacetic acid and the diacetate of tetrachloro-p,p1-dihydroxydiphenyl -2,2-propane, (3) succinic acid and the diacetate of tetrachloro - p,p1 - dihydroxydiphenyl - 2,2 - propane, (4) sebacic acid and the diacetate of p,p1 - dihydroxydiphenyl -2,2-propane, (5) Adipic acid and the diacetate of p,p1-dihydroxydiphenyl-2,2-propane.
Patent GB-710453-A (GB)
Title: The manufacture of plastic tubing
Inventor: GREEN GILBERT EDWARD
IPC: B29C48/09
Filed: 1952-02-25
Abstract: Plastic tubing is made by forming a layer (as by coating from a solution, suspension or melt or by extrusion) on a metal wire which is then stretched beyond its elastic limit so that the tubing may be removed.  In an example a layer of polytetrafluorethylene (P.T.F.E.), 0.003 in. thick, is built up on a 3 ft. length of 0.048 in. diameter nickel-plated annealed copper wire by successively applying coatings of a colloidal aqueous suspension of P.T.F.E., containing emulsifying and stabilizing agents, and drying each coating after application. The P.T.F.E. layer is then removed from both ends for about 1 in., the wire clamped at these ends and stretched until the P.T.F.E. tubing can be slid off.  Other plastics such as polyethylene, polyvinyl chloride, polytrifluorochlorethylene and copolymers may be used. To prevent adhesion the wire may be precoated with a material such as silicone fluid or butyl stearate and, to prevent discolouration, the copper wire may be silver or nickel plated. Aluminium or silver wire may be used.  Tubing with any desired shape of core may be made by using wire with an appropriate cross-section.ALSO:Plastic tubing is made by forming a layer (as by coating from a solution, suspension or melt or by extrusion) on a metal wire which is then stretched beyond its elastic limit so that the tubing may be removed.  In an example a layer of polytetrafluoroethylene (P.T.F.E.) 0.003ins. thick is built up on a 3ft. length of 0.048ins. diameter nickel-plated annealed copper wire by successively applying coatings of a colloidal aqueous suspension of P.T.F.E., containing emulsifying and stabilizing agents, and drying each coating after application.  The P.T.F.E. layer is then removed from both ends for about 1in., the wire clamped at these ends and stretched until the P.T.F.E. tubing can be slid off.  Other plastics such as polyethylene, polyvinyl chloride, polytrifluorochlorethylene and copolymers may be used.  To prevent adhesion the wire may be precoated with a material such as silicone fluid or butyl stearate and, to prevent discoloration, the copper wire may be silver or nickel plated.  Aluminium or silver wire may be used.  Tubing with any desired shape of bore may be made using wire with an appropriate cross-section.
Patent GB-175978-A (GB)
Title: Method of treating peat
IPC: C10F5/00
Filed: 1922-02-20
Abstract: 175,978. Mueller, H. A. Feb. 26, 1921, [Convention date]. Materials for making gas.-In the treatment of peat in closed vessels with anaerobic bacteria and fungi in order to increase its percentage of carbon, the hydrogen, methane, and carbon dioxide evolved are utilized for generating heat or power.
Patent GB-1198808-A (GB)
Title: Fender or Like Impact-Absorbing Device
Inventor: FISH DANIEL CECIL EDWARD
IPC: E02B3/26
Filed: 1967-02-01
Abstract: 1,198,808. Fenders. NATIONAL RESEARCH DEVELOPMENT CORP. 25 Jan., 1968 [1 Feb., 1967], No. 4960/67. Heading B7S. In a fender including an elongated hollow flexible-walled envelope 1 closed at one end (by an inspection plate 5) and having outlet means 7 at the other end, the cross-sectional area of the outlet means is not greater than four twenty fifths the maximum cross-sectional area of the envelope but large enough to ensure that when the fender is weighted at the said other end and floating in liquid with air trapped in the envelope, at the maximum rate of compression of the fender expected during use the rise in pressure across the outlet means, superimposed upon the static pressure in the envelope due to difference in liquid levels between the outside and inside does not exceed the safe working pressure of the envelope. The outlet means may comprise a pipe 6 which acts as a weight, or comprise a plurality of separate openings, and may be provided with non-return valve means so that the outlet may also serve as an inlet of greater cross-sectional area than the outlet to permit the envelope to quickly assume its normal shape after absorption of impact.
Patent GB-727479-A (GB)
Title: Improvements in or relating to separable-fastener tapes
Inventor: WALDES GEORGE
IPC: A44B19/34
Filed: 1952-02-26
Abstract: 727,479. Seaming non-metallic sheet material. WALDES KOH-I-NOOR, Inc. Feb. 26, 1952, No. 4961/52. Class 42 (1). [Also in Groups IX and XXV] A tape for a snap, hook and eye, or zip fastener, is attached to the edge of a sheet of a plastic material 20 by a loosely woven edge portion 16 of the tape combining, under heat and pressure, with the plastic material. A strip 22 of the same plastic material may be placed on top of the tape so that the tape is between two pieces of sheet.
Patent GB-475084-A (GB)
Title: Arrangements for feeding paper sheets
IPC: B65H5/10
Filed: 1937-02-19
Abstract: 475,084. Feeding sheets. STROMBERG, N. G. A., and WIDLUND, G. W. Feb. 19, 1937, No. 5004. Convention date, April 25, 1936. [Class 100 (i)] In an overlapping stream feeder in which the sheets are engaged on the upper side by one gripping member or by gripping members adapted to grip only the upper side, and are engaged also by a gripping member or members adapted to engage the lower side only, the members engaging the upper side are adapted only to elevate the sheet from the pile and the members engaging the lower side of the sheet afterwards effect the advancement of the raised sheet. The upper side of the top sheet is separated from the pile by means of a series of suction nozzles 21 connected to a tube 19 which is supported by oscillating levers 22 carried by links 23. The links 23 are operated by levers and cams on the main shaft 5 and the levers 22 are also oscillated by cams and levers so as to give the suction nozzles 21 first a tilting movement as shown in Fig. 8, and then a movement of translation in the path indicated by the arrows 60, Fig. 1. The front edge of the top sheet is thus drawn by the raising action of the nozzles 21 into the path of a further series of suction nozzles 52, Fig. 2, connected to a suction tube 40. The nozzles 52 are moved in the path indicated by the arrows 61, Fig. 2, by means of cams 45, 48<1>, on the shaft 5, and levers 43, 47 and a draw-rod 41, and the underside of the separated sheet is gripped by the nozzles 52 as it is released by the nozzles 21, and the sheet is pulled from the stack by the nozzles 52 and transferred by them to the feed rollers 9, 10, which grip the sheet before the nozzles 52 release it. The nozzles 21 move around the front edge of the sheet and return to the pile before the sheet is withdrawn completely from the pile. The sheet then passes over a guide 11 to rollers 8, 4, and the sheets are finally advanced by bands to the printing or like machine in an overlapping stream. Separation of the sheets is assisted by air blasts from a pipe 53 connected to the pressure side of the pump which exhausts the pipes 19, 40. The valve for controlling the air pressure in the pipes 19, 40 consists of a sliding tube 80, Fig. 12, with ports which can connect the exhaust pipe 75 to either of the tubes 70, 71 leading respectively to the pipes 19, 40. A cam 73 acts on a roller 82 on the tube 80 and causes the pipe 75 to be connected in turn to the pipes 19, 40 and then connects the pipes 19, 40 to atmosphere. The suction nozzles 21 are spring-mounted on sliding rods 55, Fig. 10, and are connected to the pipe 19 by means of cocks 58 and conduits 59.
Patent GB-294948-A (GB)
Title: Positive locking casement fastener
IPC: E05B13/00
Filed: 1927-02-23
Abstract: 294,948. Gould, J. O. Feb. 23, 1927. Casement fasteners, cockspur type, are locked by a pair of spring-retracted pins g carried bv the hub of the handle c, engaging a pair of holes in the mounting plate b. The pins are pushed into the holes by the screw-nut e.
Patent GB-636942-A (GB)
Title: Improvements in and relating to domestic heating devices
IPC: F24H3/00
Filed: 1947-02-19
Abstract: 636,942. Electric fires and radiators. TOOLEY, H. V. Feb. 19, 1947, No. 5098/46. [Class 39 (iii)] [Also in Group XIII] A domestic heating stove for use with gas or electricity comprises a closed fluid circulating system consisting of upper and lower containers 3, 4 connected by riser tubes S surrounded by or in close contact with heating elements 6. The stove may be built into a fireplace or constitute a portable unit. The heating is regulated by a thermostat responsive to the temperature of the fluid which is preferably chosen to have a relatively low freezing point and high boiling point, e.g. an odourless oil.
Patent GB-309274-A (GB)
Title: Improvements in or relating to furnace bridges
IPC: F23M3/00
Filed: 1928-02-18
Abstract: 309,274. Nipper, C. E., and Hall, A. W. Feb. 18, 1928. Firebridges.-In firebridges of the type comprising a hollow vertical partition closed at the top by a plurality of cover-plates slotted for the passage of a secondary supply of fuel the coverplates comprise rings e recessed at k and carrying by brackets f the secondary fuel pipe or pipes g, h. The rings have external shoulders e<1> which rest on the bridge walls a, b and internal shoulders e<2> supporting the brackets f. Steam is supplied to the pipes g, h which each form a closed circuit within the bridge, the pipe g having a series of jets along the upper length while the pipe h is provided with jets along the lower portion. A damper a<1> admits air or other hot gases to the bridge and the lower half of each ring is chamfered at l enabling the gas to enter the rings and issue to the furnace with the steam through the recesses k. Drainage pipes serve to draw off condensation water from the pipes g, h. A flap b<1> is provided for ash removal. In a modification, the bridge is of U-shape, supported on a rib in which is arranged the flap b', and the bridge may be made of castings bolted together with allowance for vertical adjustment.
Patent GB-1272532-A (GB)
Title: Tanning process and material
Inventor: KLEIN ANDRE
IPC: C14C3/06
Filed: 1970-02-04
Abstract: 1,272,532. Tanning leather. UGINE KUHLMANN. Feb. 4, 1970 [Feb. 5, 1969], No. 5390/70. Heading C6C. In a process for the tanning of leather using at least one trivalent chromium salt, the chromium salt is mixed with a double carbonate of aluminium and an alkaline metal. Preferably, a double carbonate of aluminium and sodium is used, having a composition given by the following percentages by weight: Al 2 O 3 , 30 to 50 per cent; CO 2 , 10 to 25 per cent; Na 2 O, 10 to 20 per cent, and this composition is preferably modified by heat treatment, at temperatures in the range of 250-300‹C. for about two to three hours, to reduce the CO 2  content to between 0À4 and 2 per cent prior to mixing it with the chromium salt. In the example, 100 parts of the skin are pickled at pH 3À1 to 3À3 in 30 to 70 parts of an acid bath and are then treated with 10 to 15 parts of the mixture in aqueous solution.
Patent GB-798307-A (GB)
Title: Improvements in or relating to spring mattress cross-bars
Inventor: FREEDLAND MORRIS MATTHEW
IPC: A47C23/053
Filed: 1956-02-22
Abstract: 798,307. Mattresses. FEATLY PRODUCTS, Ltd. Dec. 6, 1956 [Feb. 22, 1956], No. 5430/56. Class 52(4) The bottom helices of upholstery springs 17 are threaded through holes 11, 12 in the sides of inverted V-sectioned bearer bars 10.
Patent GB-589234-A (GB)
Title: Improvements in or relating to the production of dried milk compositions
IPC: A23C11/06
Filed: 1944-03-23
Abstract: A dried milk composition is made by dehydrating liquid whole milk, or water or skim milk to which milk powder has been added in quantity such that the content of milk solids is equivalent to that in whole milk, to which have been added soya bean powder and a mixture of substances present in the ash of cows milk in accordance with analysis in parts per cent.: potassium oxide 25.02; sodium oxide 10.01; calcium oxide 20.01; magnesium oxide 2.42; iron oxide 0.13; sulphur trioxide 3.84; phosphorus pentoxide 24.29; chlorine 14.28, this mixture containing at least the sodium oxide, calcium oxide and magnesium oxide in these relative proportions, and being added in an amount sufficient to render the liquid mixture zero to the Nafis acidity test.  Dehydrated whey, dextrose and flavouring material, e.g., cocoa, chocolate, malt extract, vanilla, may also be added to the liquid mixture. Before dehydration the acidity of the liquid mixture may be raised with the aid of a lactic acid culture from zero to 0.10-0.15 per cent. according to the Nafis acidity test, especially if the dried milk composition is to be used for ice-cream, candy or bakery goods.  Specification 567,992 is referred to.
Patent GB-195241-A (GB)
Title: Improvements in or relating to brush making machines
IPC: A46D3/04
Filed: 1922-02-24
Abstract: 195,241. Shipley, A. H., and Berry, A. B. Feb. 24, 1922. Brush-making machines.-In a brush-tufting machine the holder for the brush-stock is capable of universal movement and free manipulation by hand and the rest for supporting the holder against the thrust of the inserting tool is freely movable by hand with the holder to and fro relatively to the inserting tool. As shown, a carriage 9 is mounted on wheels 10 running along tracks on a bed 12 attached to the frame and is kept upright by a roller 13 on each side bearing against a fixed rail 14. The carriage is provided with a vertical stud 15, on which is pivotally mounted a yoke 16 carrying lugs 17 to receive a part of racks 18 slidably adjustable by a handwheel 20. The racks are fixed to arms 21 carrying pivots 22 on which are mounted side-members 23 of a counter-weighted stock. holder 24, the holder being adjusted relatively to the pivots by screwed rods 26. The holder is connected by springs 31 and rods 32 to a lever 33 pivoted to the outer end of a sleeve 3 which is slidable horizontally and has a socket 6 for the reception of a semi-spherical rest or support 7. The rest is of the type described in a prior Specification 181,214 being capable of universal movement and maintained in the socket 7 by a spring anchored in the sleeve 3. The holder 24 is provided with a rear concave surface 30 against which the rest bears. In operation the holder, with the rest, is brought forward towards the inserting tool, the sleeve 3 being automatically locked in position when the machine is put into action.