Patent GB-672650-A (GB)
Title: Improvements in or relating to thickened oleaginous compositions
IPC: C10M169/00
Filed: 1948-10-28
Abstract: The following surface-active agents are employed in oleoginous compositions (see Group III): (1) a polymeric diallylamine-hydrogen sulphide adduct prepared by heating the reactants under pressure for 20 hours at 120 DEG  C., and (2) a mixture of amine salts and amides prepared by heating with oleic acid a hydrogenated polymeric acrolein - ammonia adduct.  The polymeric acrolein-ammonia adduct is obtained by mixing the reactants at - 60 DEG  C., and it is hydrogenated in the presence of Raney nickel.ALSO:A non-aqueous composition which may resemble a lubricating grease comprises a liquid oleaginous material, an inorganic gel in a proportion at least sufficient to thicken the oleaginous materials menminor proportion of a cationic surface active agent. Oleoginous materials mentioned are petroleum or fractions thereof, such as kerosene, gas oil or lubricating oil; turpentine; vegetable, animal or marine oils such as corn oil, cottonseed oil, castor oil, neatsfoot oil or sperm oil; polymerized olefins; polyalkylene oxides such as polypropylene oxide; polyalkylene glycols such as copolymers of trimethylene glycol and ethylene glycol; high molecular weight esters such as di- (2-ethylhexyl) sebacate, di- (2-ethylhexyl) adipate, di- (heptadecyl) sebacate and esters of other polycarboxylic acids such as the azelates and glutarates.  These oleaginous materials are preferably immiscible with water and may be used singly or in admixture with one another or with other lubricants.  The gels may be of silica, magnesia, alumina or other gel-forming metal oxides, hydroxides or sulphides, preferably in the form of aerogels.  Cationic surface-active agents mentioned are aliphatic amines having at least 12 carbon atoms in the molecule, such as laurylamine and the heptadecylamines; quaternary ammonium compounds such as dimethylhidroxy-ethyldodecyl ammonium hydroxide, dimethyl-benzyllaurylammonium chloride, dimethyl-benzyloctadecylammonium chloride and the oleic acid ester of benzylhydroxyethyl-morpholinium chloride; polyamines such as the polyethylene polyamines; cyclic amines such as benzidine and diphenylamine; heterocyclic nitrogen compounds such as alkylated imidazolines, particularly heptadecyl-imidazoline, alkylated pyrimidines and acridines bearing water-insolubilizing groups; amines obtained by the chlorination and subsequent ammonolysis of paraffin wax; the fatty acid salts of polyamines derived from the interaction of acrolein and ammonia and the adducts of hydrogen-sulphide and diallylamine; amidoamines and salts thereof such as oleylamidoethylamine oleate and aminoethyl stearamide; salts and amides of the various nitrogenous compounds listed above; sulphur, phosphorus and arsenic compounds analogous to the nitrogenous compounds listed above, particularly sulphonium, phosphonium and arsonium bases containing hydrophobic groups.  Optional ingredients which may be present in the non-aqueous compositions include graphite, fats, oiliness agents such as chlorinated hydrocarbons, V.I. improvers such as olefin polymers, corrosion inhibitors and oxidation inhibitors.  Methods of preparing the non-aqueous compositions and the gels are discussed.  In the examples mineral lubricating oil compositions containing silica aerogel and one of the following cationic surface active agents are described:-(i) N-cetyl piperidine, (ii) the polymeric adduct of diallylamine and hydrogen sulphide (see Group IV(b)), (iii) the mixture of amine salts and amides prepared by heating with oleic acid a hydrogenated polymeric adduct of acrolein and ammonia (see Group IV(b)).  Specification 672,651 is referred to.