Patent GB-981455-A (GB)
Title: Doppler radar system
IPC: G01S13/60
Filed: 1961-05-19
Abstract: 981,455. Doppler radar navigation. STANDARD TELEPHONES & CABLES Ltd. May 19, 1961 [May 20, 1960], No. 18465/61. Heading H4D. A craft borne Doppler navigation system, wherein the component distances gone by the craft over a reference plane in two co-ordinate directions, are measured by employing an antenna scanning the reference plane in azimuth, converting received Doppler signals into digital form and, for each component, algebraically summing the resulting pulses, produced during the passage of the antenna through sectors containing the respective co-ordinate direction. A system of three resolvers, Fig. 2 (not shown), provides two amplitude modulated, carrier suppressed 400 c.p.s. signals, B and C, Fig. 5, modulated with sinusoidal signals, respectively representing the angular position of the antenna with respect to a desired direction of travel (track direction), and the angular position of the antenna with respect to a direction at right angles to the desired direction (across track direction). With signal B, the phase reversal points occur when the antenna is aligned along the cross track direction, whilst with signal C, the phase reversal occurs when the antenna is aligned along the track direction. An unmodulated reference 400 c.p.s. signal A, is also produced. A transmitter/receiver section of the system, Fig. 3 (not shown), provides two sinusoidal signals, one at a frequency of 30 kc/s.Œ fd, where Œ#d is the Doppler frequency, and the other at a reference frequency of 30 kc/s. These two frequencies are fed to a digital subtractor 14, Fig. 4, wherein the sine waves are converted into pulses in converter 16 and 17, and a train of pulses is produced representing fd by subtracting the train of pulses representing the 30 kc/s. signal from the train of pulses representing the 30 kc/s.Œ#d signal. When fd is positive, the corresponding pulse train appears at the output of gate 26, whilst when it is negative the train appears at gate 28. Assuming for example that the craft is travelling along the track direction with no drift component in the cross track direction, then when the antenna sweeps anticlockwise through the 180 degrees, from the right-hand cross track direction to the left-hand cross track direction, signal B correspondingly passes from one phase reversal point to the next, during which period the phase of signal B at the input to gates 29 and 30 is the same as that of the reference signal from the lower end of centre earthed secondary winding 35. Input signals therefore appear in phase at both inputs of gate 30, such that this passes on triggering signal to a section 38 of bi-stable multivibrator 37, which section in turn, flips over to send a signal, waveform D, Fig. 5, to gates 44 and 45. Since the craft is travelling along the track direction, fd will be positive throughout the 180 degrees sweep, waveform F, Fig. 5, and the pulses will come from the output of gate 26 only. The pulses from gate 26 are fed to gate 44 and 42, and gate 44, having signals at both inputs, passes the pulse train to a clockwise binary counter 54, via an OR gate 50. The output of the counter 54 energizes a digital motor drive to drive a stepping motor 57 in a clockwise direction, such that the number registered by a mechanical counter 58 operatively coupled to the shaft of motor 57, increases to represent a distance travelled by the craft. As the antenna sweeps through the opposite 180 degrees the phase of signal B at the inputs of gates 29 and 30 changes and is now in phase with the reference signal at the upper end of winding 35. Gate 29 therefore passes a signal to trigger section 36 of multivibrator 37, which in turn causes a signal to be sent to gates 42 and 43. The pulse train is now coming from gate 28, such that gate 43 has input signals at both inputs and so passes the pulse train to counter 54. This produces a doubling of the reading on the counter 58. If, however, the craft is not proceeding along the track direction, then for part of each 180 degrees sweep the counterclockwise binary counter will be energized and will cause the reduction of the count registered on counter 58. The signal fd will then be as shown in waveform H, Fig. 5. If the craft is travelling along the track direction then for every 180 degrees sweep from forward track direction to rearward track direction and vice versa the signal fd, waveform G, Fig. 5, will be half the time positive and half the time negative. During each such 180 degrees sweep counters 60 and 61 will be energized for equal times and the net count on counter 64 will be zero. If, however, the craft is not travelling along the track direction, one counter will control motor 63 for a longer period than the other, and a net count will register on counter 64 representing the drift. Specifications 805,167 and 938,956 are referred to.