baber/WOPTO huggingface dataset:
Patent GB-1101039-A (GB)
Title: Improved process for manufacturing potent pour depressants
IPC: F02B47/00
Filed: 1965-12-07
Abstract: An ethylene/vinyl acetate copolymer having a molecular weight between 2000 and 6000 and containing from 28 to 60% by weight of vinyl acetate is prepared by introducing a solvent into a reaction vessel and adding sufficient vinyl acetate to form a solution of vinyl acetate in said solvent containing 4 to 12% by weight of vinyl acetate, adding sufficient ethylene to said reaction vessel and heating the vessel to raise the temperature to between 280 DEG  and 340 DEG  F. and the pressure to between 600 and 2000 lb./square inch and thereafter adding a peroxide catalyst and sufficient further quantities of vinyl acetate to maintain a concentration of free vinyl acetate in the solvent of between 4 and 12% by weight and adding additional ethylene to maintain the pressure in the reaction vessel. The solvent may be benzene and the peroxide ditertiary butyl peroxide.  The copolymer may be used as a pour point depressant and rust inhibiting additive for hydrocarbon fuels.ALSO:A pour point depressant and rust inhibiting additive for hydrocarbon fuels comprises an ethylene - vinyl acetate copolymer having a molecular weight between 2000 and 6000 and containing from 28 to 60% by weight of vinyl acetate.  The amount of ethylene-vinyl acetate copolymer employed is 0.001 to 0.2% by weight.  The fuels mentioned are heating oils, diesel fuels, kerosenes and jet fuels.  Other additives such as rust inhibitors, anti-emulsifying agents, corrosion inhibitors, anti-oxidants, dispersants, dyes, dye stabilizers, haze inhibitors and anti-static agents may be present.  In the examples various thylene-vinyl acetate copolymers are used as pour point depressants the fuel being a 50/50 virgin-cracked gas oil blend, ASTM pour 25 DEG F., boiling range 366 DEG  to 654 DEG  F.
Patent GB-1154826-A (GB)
Title: Process for the Catalytic Conversion of Hydrocarbons with Steam
IPC: C01B3/40
Filed: 1967-11-15
Abstract: 1,154,826. Making combustible gas; dealkylating alkylaromatics. SHELL INTERNATIONALE RESEARCH MAATSCHAPPIJ N.V. 15 Nov., 1967 [17 Nov., 1966], No. 52059/67. Heading C5E. Mixtures containing hydrogen and one or more hydrocarbons, e.g. C 1  to C 4  gases and/or aromatics, are made by catalytically converting hydrocarbons, e.g. naphtha, with steam in the presence of hydrogen. The catalyst contains rhenum, preferably in sulphidic form, and may contain cobalt, and promoter materials, e.g from Group I e,g. Ag and K may be added. Alumina is the preferred support material. Ammonia, or compounds which are converted into ammonia during the reaction, e.g. n-butylamine, may be added to the reaction. The hydrogen present in the reaction may be obtained by recycling product gas, by partly cracking the starting material, or by supplying an externally produced H 2 -containing gas to the reaction. Where aromatic products are required, the feed may be an alkyl aromatic, e.g. toluene ethyl benzene or xylenes, or an aromatic oil fraction. Unconverted toluene may be recycled. Naphthenic hydrocarbons may be used. Details set forth include catalyst compositions, steam ratios, pressures, temperatures and space velocities, and the process may be carried out in several stages at progressively higher temperature. Comparative examples are described, giving the reaction products, in one case including their octane numbers.
Patent GB-1319331-A (GB)
Title: Method of adding a liquid alkali metal or a liquid alkaline earth metal to a reaction vessel
IPC: C01B6/04
Filed: 1970-09-02
Abstract: 1319331 Controlled addition of liquid metals to a reactor DYNAMIT NOBEL AG 2 Sept 1970 [3 Sept 1969] 42066/70 Addition to 1309806 Heading C1A An alkali metal or alkaline earth metal hydride is prepared by reacting hydrogen under pressure with a liquid alkali metal or liquid alkaline-earth metal in a pressure tight reaction vessel and in the presence of an alkali metal hydride or alkaline earth metal hydride initially produced in or introduced into the vessel whose contents are agitated during the reaction; the liquid alkali or alkaline earth metal hydride and hydrogen being added to the reaction vessel in stoichiometic amounts and at the rate at which they react to form the hydride so that the pressure remains constant during the reaction, the addition of the liquid alkali or alkaline earth metal to the vessel being effected by the pressure of a gaseous medium (e.g. nitrogen or argon) inert to the liquid metals and their hydrides or by the pressure of gaseous hydrogen, the rate of addition of the liquid alkali metal or liquid alkaline earth metal being controlled by controlling the pressure of the gaseous medium or of the gaseous hydrogen.
Patent GB-1276512-A (GB)
Title: Improvements relating to pipe joints
Inventor: KUNOU EIJI
IPC: F16L19/10
Filed: 1969-10-28
Abstract: 1276512 Pipe joints DAIMARU KOGYO KAISHA Ltd and Y KAWAHARA 28 Oct 1969 52750/69 Heading F2G A joint for an unthreaded pipe 4 comprises a joint body 1 with threads 8 and a bore having a flared mouth 9, a nut 2 with a flared portion 11 between its bore and its threads 10, and a clamping ring 3 having one end of greater internal and external diameter than the other, tightening the nut gripping the two ends of the clamping ring between the flared mouth and portion 9, 11 so that they are compressed radially inwards, causing axial teeth 12 within the larger end of the clamping ring to bite into the pipe 4.
Patent GB-1375747-A (GB)
IPC: G03G21/00
Filed: 1972-11-17
Abstract: 1375747 Electro-photographic printing apparatus INTERNATIONAL BUSINESS MACHINES CORP 17 Nov 1972 [22 Dec 1971] 53123/72 Heading G2H Toner remaining on electro-photographic surface 7 after transfer of a developed image is removed by an electrically biased magnetic brush 4, after the electrostatic image has been erased by light 23, and is returned to developing apparatus 1 for re-use by electrically biased magnetic brush 2. For example the toner may be returned by being attached to the surface 7 when the apparatus if not producting prints, and corotron 22, (which usually assists transfer) gives the surface a charge which attracts toner from the brush 4. Alternatively the apparatus may be made to attach bands of returned toner to the surface 7, between positions formerly occupied by images to be developed, or toner return may be carried out by separate end portions of brush 4 and surface 7, or by auger conveyors operating independently of development. Preferably the developing apparatus 1 contains magnetic carrier particles with tetrafluorethylene coats, which give a positive charge to the toner, and the cleaning apparatus 3 contains magnetic carrier particles coated with ethyl cellulose, which places a negative charge on the toner.
Patent GB-1388816-A (GB)
Title: Thermometric probe
IPC: H01L35/32
Filed: 1973-11-21
Abstract: 1388816 Thermometric probes CENTRE DE RECHERCHES METALLURGIQUES-CENTRUM VOOR RESEARCH IN DE METALLURGIE 21 Nov 1973 [22 Nov 1972] 53927/73 Heading H1K A thermometric probe comprises a tubular case 1 having coolant channels and a removable central part comprising a thermocouple 7 with exposed junction 8 and a connector 11 within the case, the central part being guided within the case by guides 14, 15. The thermocouple may have a platinum sheath 13 and a surrounding protective tube 12 separated from the sheath by an annular channel 17. The channel 17 communicates with a further annular channel 16, between the central part and the case via orifices 18, the combined channels making it possible to clean and cool the sheath 13 with compressed gas. Alternatively the channels may be used to sample gases from the region of the junction 8. The probe may be used in steelmaking, the case being of steel with a one piece machined steel element 4 welded to the case for heat protection.
Patent GB-1395013-A (GB)
Title: Plate heat exchangers
IPC: F28F13/12
Filed: 1972-11-22
Abstract: 1395013 Plate heat exchangers APV CO Ltd 7 Nov 1973 [22 Nov 1972] 54002/72 Heading F4S In a plate heat exchanger comprising a pack of separable gasketed plates having turbulencepromoting corrugations, and wherein the corrugations on adjacent plates 1, 2 cross and are in abutment to provide interplate support, additional turbulence-promoting elements, e.g. rods la, 2a (or twisted strips 3, Fig. 2) extend along the corrugations at locations clear of the points where the corrugations cross and abut. Where rods or bars are utilized as shown, they may be joined where they cross to form a mesh. Or the additional elements may be formed of expanded metal.
Patent GB-1428516-A (GB)
Title: Insulating element
IPC: F16L59/08
Filed: 1973-12-06
Abstract: 1428516 Pipe insulating element; thermal insulation DIAMOND POWER SPECIALTY CO 6 Dec 1973 [26 Jan 1973] 56597/73 Headings F2P and F2X An insulating element 10 surrounding a pipe 38, has two relatively movable portions 12, 11 which comprise a pair of aligned inner cases 34, 46; a pair of aligned outer cases 14, 13 spaced from the inner cases by spacer members 42, 43 and 53, 54 respectively; pairs of aligned, highly reflective, radially spaced, concentric metal, e.g. aluminium or stainless steel liners 35, 36, 37, 40 and 47, 50, 51, 52 supported by spacer member 42, 43 and 53, 54, and sets of splice pieces 56, 57, 60, 61, 62, 63 secured, e.g. spot welded, to the inner and outer surfaces at one end of outer case 13, liners 52, 51, 50, 47 and inner case 46 respectively of portion 11 so that they extend beyond the ends thereof to allow the parts of outer case 14, liners 40, 37, 36, 35 and inner case 34 adjacent one end of portion 12 to be slidably received between the respective splice pieces. The other ends of portions 12, 11 terminate in discs 32, 55. Element 10 may be in longitudinally separate halves which in use are telescoped to fit them into a gap between other insulating elements around a pipe and then bound together with steel bands. Bails 30, 31 on the outer cases of portions 11, 12 are used to axially extend element 10 to engage discs 32, 55 with adjoining elements. Axial movement of portions 12, 11 towards each other is limited by the abutment of the free end of splice piece 17 against the adjacent side of loop (24), Fig. 1 (not shown), secured to portion 12. A strap (22) secured at one end to portion 11 extends through loop (24) and a stop (25) at its other end abuts the opposite side of the loop to limit movement of portions 12, 11 away from each other. Underlying structures other than a length of pipe, e.g. pressure vessels, process machinery, and power reactor equipment, can also be provided with an insulating element according to the invention.
Patent GB-1164479-A (GB)
Title: Improvements in and relating to Safety Cut-Off Valves
Filed: 1966-12-21
Abstract: 1,164,479. Supplying fuel to burners. KENT HEATING Ltd. 21 Dec., 1966 [23 Dec., 1965], No. 57226/66. Heading F4T. [Also in Division G3] A cut-off valve for liquids, e.g. in an oil burner fuel installation, comprises a syphon 5, in the gravity fuel line 3 from a storage tank 1, which has a line 9 connected to it and closed by a heat fusible plug 10 adjacent the burner installation 2, 4 to break the syphon if a fire occurs. The line connects into the syphon at the level of a tank filling point 11 by way of a vent 7 which is controlled by a valve 8. A level gauge 21, 22 is connected to the line 9. In further embodiments the syphon is formed by two concentric tubes which may be connected to an expansion tank, and which may be installed inside the storage tank.
Patent GB-1443431-A (GB)
Title: Seal between relatively moving components of a fluid flow machine
IPC: F01D11/00
Filed: 1972-12-16
Abstract: 1443431 Seals ROLLS-ROYCE (1971) Ltd 5 Dec 1973 [16 Dec 1972] 58223/72 Heading F2B [Also in Division F1] A seal between two relatively moving parts of a fluid flow machine, e.g. a gas turbine, the seal comprising portions which provide between them an axial clearance, is subject to means to maintain the clearance between acceptable limits in all working conditions of the machine, the means being responsive to changes in pressure on opposite sides of a casing element carrying one of the seal portions. The seal described includes axial and radial clearances between members 15, 16 on a flange 12 on the rotor in the compressor stage and portions 14, 32 attached to the forward end wall 37 of the combustion chamber casing 23. Changes in axial clearance due to temperature are countered in part by mounting the compressor stage to expand forwards from a joint 22, the rotor being carried in bearings 18, 19 permitting axial movement and located relative to fixed structure by a bearing 20. The combustion chamber casing 23 is mounted by a rear flange, bolted at 24, for forward expansive movement. A working pressure differential across the end wall 37 causes proportional distortion of this wall to further ajdust seal clearances. Additionally the wall may be of bimetal construction to distort with tem perature change. A piston type packing 30 is arranged between the outlet diffuser 29 and the flange 12.
Patent GB-1415874-A (GB)
Title: Electrical contact sockets with inclined elastic wires and in methods for their manufacture
IPC: H01R13/17
Filed: 1972-12-18
Abstract: 1415874 Two-part couplings F R BONHOMME 18 Dec 1972 [17 Dec 1971] 58331/72 Addition to 1136589 Heading H2E [Also in Division B3] Resilient wires 2, forming the internal contact surface of a connector socket of the type described in Specification 1,136,589, are carried on a tubular sleeve member 1 which has annular serrations 38, designed to grip the wire end 2b, particularly during the assembly operation when outer shell 3 is forced on, with a mandrel 30 then temporarily providing internal support. Wire end 2a does not need such frictional grip, becuase it is at the leading edge 1a but serrations 38 may however be provided on that end also, so that either end may be offered up for assembly, without selection. Whilst wires 2 are frictionally retained by being pinched between member 1 and shell 3, the rim 6 may finally be deformed inwards, to lock the wires in place.
Patent GB-1415340-A (GB)
Title: Pulse shaping networks
IPC: H04L25/03
Filed: 1972-12-20
Abstract: 1415340 Pulse reshaping circuits HONEYWELL INFORMATION SYSTEMS Inc 20 Dec 1972 [29 Dec 1971] 58961/72 Headings H3U  and H3P  A two delay section transversal network is used for shaping pulses which nominally occur in a time slot. Three outputs are taken from delay line 14, 16 the first and third being inverted and attenuated at 15, 20 to reduce the amplitude of the second at the edges of the time slot.
Patent GB-1495934-A (GB)
Title: Offal processing
IPC: A23K1/10
Filed: 1974-12-17
Abstract: 1495934 Processing offal HYPROMEL PRODUCTS Ltd 17 Dec 1974 [20 Dec 1973] 59154/73 Heading A2B Offal is processed by cooking to form an animal food product by adding to the offal hops or a hop residue, the addition, which removes the unpleasant odour normally associated with cooking offal is preferably of spent brewers hops in an amount of 5-25% by dry wt., in a wet condition.
Patent GB-1363938-A (GB)
Title: Thermal expansion and contraction compensating system for pipe lines
Inventor: SASSE J
IPC: F16L51/03
Filed: 1971-12-22
Abstract: 1363938 Pipe couplings CHEMIEBAU DR A ZIEREN GmbH & CO KG 22 Dec 1971 [28 Dec 1970] 59554/71 Heading F2G In order to divide the thermal expansion of a pipe-line, extending between two fixed points O, P, equally between two expansion compensators 1, 2, the latter are bridged by non- expansible rods 6, 7 attached to the pipe portions 3, 4 and 5, so as to overlap. If no thrust is to be applied to the anchorages O and P, and the pipe line expands uniformly, the length AB is made equal to the sum of the lengths OY and XP. The attachments at A, B, X and Y are provided by pipe straps securable to the rods 6, 7 at different positions to allow adjustment for non-uniform expansion.
Patent GB-1333425-A (GB)
Title: Mine roof supporting systems
IPC: E21D23/00
Filed: 1970-12-15
Abstract: 1333425 Advancing mine roof supports K M GROETSCHEL 15 Dec 1970 [18 Dec 1969] 59576/70 'Heading E1P In an advancing mine roof support system for a longwall face comprising a row of supports each including a number of hydraulic supporting props and an advancing means for advancing one unit when its props are depressurised while another unit of the support has its props urged against the roof, the system is provided with an arrangement of valve means and conduit interconnections whereby to advance a group of supports of the row progressively starting from one end of the group and continuing to the other, operation of the valve means on or for each support of this group in turn brings about advancement of a unit in that support and also a unit in an adjacent support of the group. The supports referenced n+1, n, n-1, n-2 in Fig. 2 of the Drawings are of the two-slip type and may be constructed as disclosed in Specifications 1198507 or 1198839 and adapted to be advanced by double-acting rams 35. The circuit includes a manually operable primary control valve block 10 and secondary valves 11, 12 which respectively control pressurisation of props 3, 13 of one unit of the support and props 1, 18 of the other unit of the said support, the various valves being interconnected to the props, a pressure source, the advancing rams and to one another by means of the circuit shown. The arrangement is such that as the cutter for example passes the support n the valve 10 is moved from the setting position of Fig. 2a (not shown) to that of Fig. 2e (not shown) whereby the props of the inner unit of the support n and the props of the outer unit of the support n-1 are depressurised and the rams 35 of these supports simultaneously energised to move the inner unit of the support n and the outer unit of the support n-1 towards the coal face. The props of both supports n and n-1 are now energised by an automatic or manual operation of the valve 10 and the operator will now operate the valve 18 on the next support n+1 to continue the sequence of operations set out above. The circuit described above with reference to Fig. 2 is adapted for an arrangement wherein the cutter cuts in one direction of traverse only but for an arrangement involving a cut in two opposite directions the modification disclosed with reference to Figs. 3, 3a to 3e (not shown) and involving alternating valves should be referred to. Fig. 4 (not shown) depicts a modified form of control valve block for use in either of the arrangements disclosed above. For further details of the circuit and modus operand! the Specification should be referred to.
Patent GB-1189090-A (GB)
Title: Screw Shaft and Nut
IPC: B60S9/18
Filed: 1968-12-18
Abstract: 1,189,090. Semi-trailer landing gear. HOLLAND HITCH CO. 18 Dec., 1968 [18 Dec., 1967], No. 60116/68. Heading B7J. [Also in Division F2] In a screw shaft and nut mechanism applied to a crank-actuated landing gear apparatus for haulage vehicle trailers, the threads have a helix angle of between 4 degrees 40 minutes and 7 minutes and a thread angle of between 0 degrees and 20 degrees and there is either negligible clearance between the major screw thread diameter and the major nut thread diameter and a substantial clearance between the minor screw thread diameter and the minor nut thread diameter, or vice versa. Preferably the thread angle is between 12 degrees and 20 degrees, more particularly 14 degrees, and the negligible clearance up to 0À0075 inches, more particularly between 0À002 and 0À005 inch. The axial clearance may be between 0À002 and 0À028 inch but is preferably between 0À005 and 0À015 inch. The helical clearance space forms a lubricant reservoir.
Patent GB-1466875-A (GB)
Title: Manufactured articles methods of making articles and of measuring article fatigue life
IPC: G01M99/00
Filed: 1973-12-31
Abstract: 1466875 Relating article design to fatigue life GENERAL ELECTRIC CO 31 Dec 1973 [15 Jan 1973] 60205/73 Heading G1S A method of testing a specified design for an article to be made of a specified material and required to have a specified useful fatigue life under specified operating conditions that repetitively stress the article in an area thereof comprises obtaining stress/strain and crack growth data and at least one specific fatigue characteristic for said material, determining the chatacteristic material defect length (#) for said material by postulating a first characteristic material defect length for said material, and then comparing and modifying the length of said first characteristic material defect length with the stress/strain and crack growth data in an iterative method until a particular length of (#) matches the specific fatigue characteristic, and applying (#) to the stress data to evaluate the useful fatigue life of an article of said material to said design in a high stress area under said conditions. In operation, a peak stress area of the article must be determined by known techniques and then (#), which could be an actual crack or the length of a grain or internal impurity, must be determined for that area. Knowing these two parameters the useful life of the article is forecast by applying (#) in known techniques with variations in stress related to (#) and measure the number of cycles to failure using the equation K = C##a in which K is the stress intensity between KL and KU in Fig. 3, C is a constant related to the article geometry, # is the stress and a is the crack length. To find (#) a stress/ strain diagram must be drawn, Fig. 1, between selected design limits of stress and strain and there must also be obtained the relationship between stress intensity and crack growth rate, Fig. 3, so that a diagram relating stress intensity (SI) to crack growth da/dN can be drawn. The last item required for a determination of (#) is an actual failure point for any selected fatigue property under a selected stress condition. With the above data (#) is determined by giving it a series of values in known fracture techniques to find out which value fits the single or actual failure point observed for the selected fatigue property. Other fatigue properties can be calculated using this value to give a complete article life curve without additional physical testing.