Patent GB-1020203-A (GB)
Title: Improvements in or relating to textile printing compositions
IPC: D06P1/44
Filed: 1963-06-20
Abstract: Textile printing compositions comprise pigment dispersed in a vehicle comprising (a) a thickened aqueous phase adjusted to a pH of 6 to 10 and containing a reactive thickener, (b) a carboxyl-containing elastomeric polymer and (c) a reactive dispersing agent present in an amount of 0.25 to 1.0 part by weight per part by weight of pigment and consisting of a water-soluble salt of a copolymer of maleic anhydride with a monoethylenically unsaturated hydrocarbon partially esterified with benzyl alcohol or 2-butoxyethanol.  (The term "reactive" used in connection with the thickener and the dispersing agent means that these components are such that they become insolubilized when the composition is cured on the textile.) Thickeners exemplified are a casein solution (ammonium caseinate) and a carboxylic acid-containing cross-linked acrylic ester copolymer emulsion known as Acrysol ASE-60 (the word "Acrysol" is a Registered Trade Mark).  Specified component (b) polymers are 2 - ethylhexyl acrylate/acrylonitrile/itaconic acid copolymer, butadiene/acrylonitrile/methacrylic acid copolymer and carbonyl-containing copolymers of butadiene/methylmethacrylate and styrene/butadiene.  For component (c), the preferred salts are sodium and ammonium salts, the preferred hydrocarbon comonomers are ethylene and styrene, and the degree of esterification may range, for example, from 25 to 65% and is most preferably 50%. The pH adjustment of the thickened aqueous phase may be effected with a volatile alkaline compound, e.g. ammonia, morpholine, alkylamines and alkanolamines. The pigment used may be organic or inorganic, e.g. phthalocyanine blue or green, azo compounds, benzidine yellow, carbon black and iron oxide.  A lubricant may also be included, e.g. lubricating oil, paraffin wax or a mixture of a polydimethylsiloxane with a polymethylhydrogensiloxane. Other optional ingredients include melamine-formaldehyde and other thermosetting resins, e.g. methylolated acrylamide copolymers, petroleum hydrocarbon solvents, styrenated alkyd resins, hydrogenated castor oil, glycerol and emulsifiers.  In Example 12, the preparation of a methylolated acrylamide copolymer is described wherein acrylamide, ethyl acrylate, lauryl acrylate and methacrylic acid are polymerized in isopropanol with benzoyl peroxide as catalyst and the resultant copolymer, after removal of the isopropanol, is reacted with formaldehyde in an aqueous ammonia medium.  In Example (14), an ethylene-maleic anhydride copolymer is converted to the half benzyl ester by heating with an equimolecular quantity of benzyl alcohol, and the resulting product is neutralized with ammonium hydroxide to form the ammonium salt.ALSO:Textile printing compositions comprise pigment dispersed in a vehicle comprising (a) a thickened aqueous phase adjusted to a pH of 6 to 10 and containing a reactive thickener (b) a carboxyl-containing elastomeric polymer and (c) a reactive dispersing agent present in an amount of 0.25 to 1.0 part by weight per part by weight of pigment and consisting of a water-soluble salt of a copolymer of maleic anhydride with a monoethylenically unsaturated hydrocarbon partially esterified with benzyl alcohol or 2-butoxyethanol.  (The term "reactive" used in connection with the thickener and the dispersing agent means that these components are such that they become insolubilised when the composition is cured on the textile. Thickeners exemplified are a casein solution (ammonium caseinate) and a carboxylic acid-containing crosslinked acrylic ester copolymer emulsion.  Specified components (b) are carboxyl-containing acrylic, butadiene and styrene copolymers. The pH adjustment of the thickened aqueous phase may be effected with a volatile alkaline compound, e.g. ammonia, morpholine, alkylamines and alkanolamines. The pigment used may be organic or inorganic, e.g. phthalocyanine blue or green, azo compounds, benzidine yellow, carbon black and iron oxide.  A lubricant may also be included, e.g. lubricating oil, paraffin wax or a mixture of a polydimethylsiloxane with a polymethyl hydrogen siloxane. Other optional ingredients include thermosetting resins, styrenated alkyd resins, petroleum hydrocarbon solvents, hydrogenated castor oil, glycerol and emulsifiers.