baber/WOPTO huggingface dataset:
Patent BE-1010560-A5 (BE)
Title: Adsorbants utilisables dans les procedes d'epuration d'atmospheres polluees par de l'ethylene.
Inventor: MORLEC JEAN
IPC: B01J20/18
Filed: 1996-06-27
Granted: 1998-10-06
Abstract: La présente invention concerne un adsorbant comprenant au moins une zéolithe et au moins un cation métallique choisi dans le groupe formé par Ag+Cu2+. L'invention concerne également le procédé d'utilisation de cet adsorbant dans l'épuration d'atmosphères contenant des traces de polluants divers.
Patent CH-580567-A5 (CH)
Title: Substd 3-amino propyl 1-alkoxy 1,1-diphenyl-methanes - useful as analgesics and morphine antagonists
IPC: C07C209/02
Filed: 1973-07-31
Abstract: Title cpds. are of formula (I): Ph2C(OR)CHR3CH2N(R1)-CH2R2 (I) where R = 1-4 C alkyl; R1 = H, 1. alkyl, alkyl, or PhCH2; R2 = alkenyl, haloalkenyl, aralkenyl, alkynyl, cycloalkyl, or cycloalkylidenemethyl; and R3 = H or Me; and salts of I. I are prepd. by standard methods e.g. (A) addition of HalCHR3CH2N(R1)CH2R2 to a metalo deriv. of Ph2C(OR)H or (B) alkylation etc. of corresp. primary or sec. amines.
Patent CH-613857-A5 (CH)
Title: Milling tool for surgical purposes
Inventor: BRAUN KARL
IPC: A61B17/16
Filed: 1976-09-10
Abstract: The milling tool for the milling of spherical articulation heads or sockets has a shell (11) which is designed at least partially as a semisphere (15) and is provided with apertures (19). Upon rotation of the milling tool about the diameter of the semisphere, the trailing edges of these apertures form cutting edges (22) on the one semisphere surface of the shell (11). The apertures (19) are distributed on the semisphere surface in such a way, and the cutting edges (22) have such a course, that the orbits of the cutting edges (22) cover the entire semisphere surface uniformly. Each cutting edge thus acts as a peeling edge, which peels off a chip which can be deflected through the aperture so that it breaks only when a relatively large length has been reached. In this way the formation of bone meal or other small chips is avoided. <IMAGE>
Patent CH-620183-A5 (CH)
Title: Process for the preparation of adamantanes
Inventor: TABUSHI IWAO
IPC: C07C2/54
Filed: 1974-11-01
Abstract: To prepare adamantanes of the formula <IMAGE> in which the substituents are as defined in Claim 1, adamantane or dimethyladamantane is reacted with olefins in the presence of a free radical as initiator. The resulting compounds can be used as intermediates for organic syntheses, for example for the synthesis of carboxylic acids which are used as lubricant additives, or they can be oxidised to give adamantol, which can be esterified with phosphoric acid or sulphuric acid, resulting in hydraulic oils. Some of the resulting adamantanes themselves can be used as insecticides or in pharmaceuticals for the treatment of influenza.
Patent CH-696813-A5 (CH)
Title: Impregnation of molded fibrous cement products before setting is complete, employs aqueous plastic- and wax dispersions of differing penetration power, applied in stages
Inventor: REDLINGER GERHARD
IPC: C04B41/52
Filed: 2004-03-26
Abstract: The product is treated with an aqueous plastic dispersion and then with an aqueous wax dispersion. The aqueous plastic dispersion is applied in portions, in at least two stages, the composition in the portions being varied. The dispersions have different penetration. In at least a last stage, the plastic dispersion contains a proportion of wax. An independent claim is included for the corresponding cement product.
Patent FR-2024702-A5 (FR)
Title: Stabilization of metallic salt of alkylened- - ithiocarbamic acid
Filed: 1969-10-13
Granted: 1970-08-28
Abstract: Aminotoluene is added to a Zn or Mn metallic salt of the title compound during the synthesis of the latter. The additive stabilizes the salt whose sterilization effect is also enhanced.
Patent FR-2076516-A5 (FR)
Title: (meth)acrylic filaments dyed in gel state
IPC: D01D5/06
Filed: 1970-01-16
Granted: 1971-10-15
Abstract: Filaments consisting of polymer with acid or basic positions and containing >=50 weight % acrylonitrile units, and which are present as an aqs. gel and have a primary swelling ratio >=60%, are treated with an aqs. dye soln. which contains at least one dye having high affinity for the filament-forming polymer. The relative rates of movement of the aqs. dye soln. and the filaments are chosen so that the time required for 50% exhaustion of the dye-solution is at least 5 secs. Pref. filament or filament tow produced by dry- or wet- spinning is treated with dye-solution while washed with water.
Patent FR-2047193-A5 (FR)
Title: Xylose and xylitol prepd from waste cellul - ose products
IPC: C07C31/18
Filed: 1970-04-30
Granted: 1971-03-12
Abstract: Prepn. of xylose and xylitol from waste cellulosic materials e.g. almond and hazelnut shells by (a) washing the waste materials with water at 100 degrees C, contg. 0.1-1% strong alkali; (b) hydrolysing the washed materials at 140-145 degrees C and 4-4.5 atm. with a 1.5% aqs. H2SO4 soln; (c) decolourising the hydrolysate, hydrolysing it again at 100-110 degrees C.; neutralising to pH 3.5, deionising, concentrating or 15% original volume and crystallising xylose by addn. of viscous CH3OH and (d) catalytically hydrogenating the xylose solns. to yield xylitol. In stage (a); ratio of water (l): cellulosic material (kg) is almost 2; in (b); ratio of water (Hl.) : cellulosic material (kg) is between 125 and 150. Xylose and xylitols which are used in sweeteners and diabetic foods and as chemical intermediates are easily obtained in good yield and high purity from waste products.
Patent FR-2066756-A5 (FR)
Title: Reinforced curtain ruffle tape
IPC: A47H13/16
Filed: 1970-10-22
Granted: 1971-08-06
Abstract: The woven ruffle tape has spaced tubular portions through which a drawing cord passes alternating form face to face of the tape, and the longitudinal medial zones of the tape, esp. in the tubular regions is reinforced with rigid yarns (pref. polyamide or polyester monofilaments) extending in the direction of the warp. The tape holds the folds in the curtain more firmly.
Patent FR-2072422-A5 (FR)
Title: Tobacco/carbon fibre product as filter mat - erial for cigarettes, cigars, etc
IPC: A24D3/16
Filed: 1970-11-25
Granted: 1971-09-24
Abstract: Tobacco product, primarily for cigarettes, comprises tobacco contg. added in amt. of at least 3%, esp. 5-15% of high adsorption carbon fibres as filter, material, so that throughout the combustion, some of the carbon fibres are present in the immediate proximity of the combustion zone. Solid or hollow carbon fibres are used, which have been activated by treatment with gas and steam at 600-2000 degrees C.
Patent FR-2130962-A5 (FR)
Title: Sterilisation of food products - by heat treatment at two different temps
IPC: A23L3/12
Filed: 1971-03-29
Granted: 1972-11-10
Abstract: Steriliser comprising at least one autoclave for the reception of the preserves, associated with two hermetically sealed, heated vessels, partially filled with water each connected at its top and bottom by pipes to the top and bottom of the autoclave resp. a pump being provided to circulate hot water in closed pressurised circuit through the autoclave in such a way as to achieve a thermal treatment at two successive times and at two different temps.
Patent FR-2095131-A5 (FR)
Title: Electrostatic recording sheet - comprising electrically conductive substrate carrying an insulating resinous layer contg solid
IPC: G03G5/02
Filed: 1971-06-14
Granted: 1972-02-04
Abstract: An electrostatic recording sheet comprises an electrically conductive substrate bearing an electric charge retentive layer of an insulating or dielectric resinous polymer which contains insulating or dielectric heterogeneously polymerised solid polymeric particles to provide a rough surface which will receive markings by ballpoint pen, ink, pencil or rubber ink stamp, the ratio of the maximum dimension of the particles to the thickness of the polymeric layer being 1:100 to 1:1.
Patent FR-2115800-A5 (FR)
IPC: B04C9/00
Filed: 1971-10-07
Granted: 1972-07-07
Abstract: 1340954 Filters L TAPROGGE [trading as LUDWIG TAPROGGE REINIGUNGSANLAGEN FUR ROHREN-WARMEAUSTAUSCHER] 14 June 1971 [27 Nov 1970] 27704/71 Heading BID A filter for separating solids from fluids flowing in pipes comprises a housing 1 with inlet 6 and outlet 4 the housing carrying a tubular filter cage 2 attached to the walls of the housing. A butterfly valve 7 is arranged to pivot in the inlet so as, when partially open, to act as a guiding device to direct the fluid inflow tangentially onto the filter cage. Separated solids are removed from duct 5.
Patent FR-2166484-A5 (FR)
Title: Evaporator - for liquefied petroleum gas
IPC: F17C7/04
Filed: 1971-12-27
Granted: 1973-08-17
Abstract: Evaporator which can be placed between an uninsulated source of liquefied gas e.g. butane, and a user unit, comprises a pump unit for transferring the liquefied gas into a constant level vessel, a heating unit for evaporating the liquid contained in the vessel, a pipe for the discharge of gas to the user unit, a device operated by the float in the vessel for shutting off the supply of liquid and a gas chamber communicating with the upper space in the vessel and contg. contact elements for shutting off the heating. More esp., the float has a magnetic mass at one end cooperating with a magnetic safety switch for operating the heating when the level of liquid is reached.
Patent FR-2190289-A5 (FR)
Title: Liquid metering pump - esp for conditioning natural gas
IPC: F04B43/09
Filed: 1972-06-21
Granted: 1974-01-25
Abstract: A metering pump for dosing pref. water and solvent into a gas or liquid, pref. Lacq natural gas, contains a meter, pulses from which are emitted and controlled by a pro grammer, a flow meter or the variable output of another fluid which may be the gas itself, the system being completely accurate, sealed and provided with all necessary safety devices. Particularly to treat the Lacq gas so that the pipeline joint seals, which have dried out as a result of the gradual decrease in the moisture and solvent present initially in the gas, are conditioned. Other uses are the metering of e.g. odorisers, for public gas supplies, or of disinfectants to mains water supplies or swimming pools.
Patent FR-2221001-A5 (FR)
Title: Appts. for remote control of vehicle functions - has Bowden type flexible controls actuating pedals and similar items
IPC: B62D1/24
Filed: 1973-03-07
Granted: 1974-10-04
Abstract: The appts. operates the accelerator, brake, and clutch pedals of a car using separate Bowden cables, lever actuated and capable of retention in a chosen position. The appts. is intended for use for wheel balancing, without having to dismount the wheels and enabling all wheels to be started, stopped and adjusted for speed as required. Hydraulic control is an alternative with press. transmitted to flexible lines between double acting pistons mounted on the remote unit in the form of a wheeled trolley and the pedal actuating units. The latter have levers, which controlled by the cab cables or pistons, bear against the pedals.
Patent FR-2224990-A5 (FR)
Title: Self cleaning aerosol valve - after dispensing, orifice is cleared by release of compressed gas alone
IPC: B65D83/14
Filed: 1973-04-06
Granted: 1974-10-31
Abstract: When the plunger is pressed, a mixture of the substance to be dispensed and a compressed gas is ejected through a channel in a plug inside the top, a chamber around the middle of the plunger, then a channel through the plunger, and out of the nozzle at the top. When the plunger is still further against the spring in its base, pure or nearly pure compressed gas passes from a supply tube through a channel in the base of the plug into the spring chamber, through a groove past the bottom of the plunger and into another chamber, then into the channel through the plunger, so as to clean the valve.
Patent FR-2243628-A5 (FR)
Title: Multiple array of display cases - are arranged on a vertical column and have angular adjustments
IPC: A47F5/05
Filed: 1973-09-12
Granted: 1975-04-04
Abstract: The display cases are intended for sales merchandise and are arranged about a vertical column so that they may be made to take-up various azimuthal orientations. The trays are made of a plastic material. At the rear of each tray is a tubular collar which fits over the pillar, with serrated upper and lower indentations to connect with those of the adjacent trays. The front end of each tray has an angled slope at the base and a short height front each to facilitate handling of the merchandise. The rear panel of each tray has a rectangular attachment to couple with the collar.
Patent FR-2248746-A5 (FR)
Title: Axially short vehicular gearbox - has two layshafts each providing two gear ratios and output is on same side as drive
IPC: F16H3/093
Filed: 1973-09-27
Granted: 1975-05-16
Abstract: The gearbox is basically composed of four parallel shafts, an entry (E), two intermediaries (I & A) and an exit (S). The drive shaft has one fixed pinion driving, in constant mesh, gears on two intermediaries. The first intermediary meshes via two gear pairs with the exit shaft, a gear pair being selected by a sliding selector on the intermediary shaft. The arrangement on the second intermediary shaft is similar but the gear selection is done on the exit shaft. Reverse gear is obtained by interposing an idler gear between a second gear on the entry shaft and a gear attached to one of the constant mesh gears on the first intermediate shaft.
Patent AT-524084-A5 (AT)
Title: Schlupfregelvorrichtung
Inventor: DIRK ODENTHAL
IPC: B60W10/18
Filed: 2019-05-14
Abstract: Erfindungsgemäß ist eine Schlupfregelvorrichtung zur Vorgabe eines Soll-Antriebs- oder Soll-Bremsmoments für mindestens einen Antriebs- und/oder Brems-Aktuator zur Regelung eines schlupfbezogenen Soll-Drehzahlwertes in einem Kraftfahrzeug mit mindestens einer elektronischen Steuereinheit vorgesehen, die folgende Teilfunktionseinheiten umfasst: -eine lineare Regler-Einheit zur Bestimmung eines zunächst nominalen Soll-Antriebs- oder Bremsmoments basierend auf einer erfassten Regelabweichung vom schlupfbezogenen Soll-Drehzahlwert, -eine Referenzmodell-Einheit, die das nominale Soll Antriebs- oder Bremsmoment und zumindest einen erfassten Ist-Drehzahlwert als Eingangssignale erhält und die auf Basis eines idealisierten Aktuator-bezogenen Synthesemodells eine idealisierten Soll-Beschleunigungsänderung ermittelt, und - eine Idealisierung-Einheit, die die idealisierte Soll-Beschleunigungsänderung und vorgegebene nicht-ideale Ist-Rückführungssignale als Eingangssignale erhält und die auf Basis dieser Eingangssignale ein Soll-Antriebs- oder Bremsmoment zur Ansteuerung des entsprechenden Aktuators in der Weise ermittelt, dass ein unerwünschtes (nicht-ideales) Fahrzeugverhalten kompensiert wird.
Patent CH-694546-A5 (CH)
Title: A diaper for dogs which prevents the ground being fouled and which uses biodegradable materials
Inventor: PREVITALI ANDREA
IPC: A01K23/00
Filed: 2000-07-07
Abstract: A diaper (22) comprises a rubber, plastic or leather back (1) with several elastic bands (5, 6) attached between it and a pliable rubber coated plastic ring (7). A bevelled conical section having a cardboard ring (12) is attached to the plastic ring and a corrugated paper container (18) having a cardboard protection zone (19) is attached to the plastic ring. A paper strip (16) with a reducible central portion is fixed inside the protection cone and a pullable rope is attached to a cardboard ring (20) on the paper container. The paper container has a closable polyethylene sheet across its opening.
Patent DD-157111-A5 (DD)
Title: Im ziehverfahren hergestellte,duennwandige lagerbuchse
Inventor: OLSCHEWSKI ARMIN
IPC: F16C33/14
Filed: 1981-01-20
Abstract: Derartige Lagerbuechsen,bestehend aus einem zylindrischen Huelsenabschnitt und einem diesen einseitig abschliessenden Bodenabschnitt, werden insbesondere fuer die Lagerung hochbelasteter Zapfen in Kreuzgelenken verwendet. Ziel der Erfindung ist es, im Ziehverfahren duennwandige Lagerbuechsen mit langer Lebensdauer wirtschaftlich herzustellen.Aufgabe der Erfindung ist die Schaffung einer Lagerbuechse genannter Gattung, welche trotz der Umfangskante insbesondere mit kleinem Querschnittsradius zwischen der Mantelflaeche des Huelsenabschnitts und der Aussenflaeche des Bodenabschnitts eine hohe Dauerfestigkeit aufweist.Erfindungsgemaess besitzt die im Ziehverfahren hergestellte duennwandige Lagerbuechse eine radial nach innen begrenzte axial in die Aussenflaeche oder Innenflaeche des Bodenabschnitts eingedrueckte Vertiefung in Form einer Rille oder einer Stufe in der Naehe der Umfangskante. Die Innenflaeche des Bodenabschnitts geht in die Bohrungsflaeche des Huelsenabschnitts in einer Kehle mit groesserem Querschnittsradius ueber als der Querschnittsradius der Umfangskante.Die Erfindung kann angewendet werden bei der Herstellung von Teilen mit scharfen Umfangskanten analog genannter Lagerbuechse und hohen Gebrauchsdaueranforderungen.
Patent DD-201830-A5 (DD)
Inventor: VELENCEI JENOE
IPC: H01R12/70
Filed: 1981-07-10
Abstract: PCT No. PCT/HU81/00029 Sec. 371 Date Jan. 26, 1982 Sec. 102(e) Date Jan. 26, 1982 PCT Filed Jul. 3, 1981 PCT Pub. No. WO82/00384 PCT Pub. Date Feb. 4, 1982.The invention relates to an anti-slip fixing device particularly for the purpose of fixing ribbon-type straps, cables in ribbon cable connecting assembly units. In the arrangement according to the invention, the fixing elements are realized by cylindrical pins, which form surfaces according to orthogonal trajectories on the surface of the ribbon cable, in which the friction arising against the pulling force is of quadratic magnitude compared to application of the continuous, linear fixing gate.
Patent DD-210137-A5 (DD)
Title: Geraet zur wiedergabe einer aufzeichnung auf einem plattenfoermigen aufzeichnungstraeger
Inventor: OGAWA HIROSHI
IPC: G11B19/24
Filed: 1981-09-24
Abstract: Ziel und Aufgabe der Erfindung bestehen darin, ein Geraet zur Wiedergabe einer Aufzeichnung auf einem plattenfoermigen Aufzeichnungstraeger zu schaffen, bei dem die Rotation eines plattenfoermigen Aufzeichnungstraegers ohne den Einsatz eines Dedektors fuer die Ermittlung der Lage eines Abtasters, der dabei verwendet wird, gesteuert werden kann. Die Anes plattenfoermigen Aufzeichnungstraegers ohne den Einsatz eines Detektors fuer die Ermittlung der Lage eines Abtasters, der dabei verwendet wird, gesteuert werden kann. Die Araeger; eine Nachweisschaltung zum Nachweis des maximalen oder minimalen Uebergangsintervalls, das in dem wiedergegebenen Signal enthalten ist und zur Erzeugung eines Nachweissignals, und eine Vergleichsschaltung zum Vergleichen des Nachweissignals mit einem Bezugssignal, das dem maximalen oder minimalen Uebergangsintervall waehrend der Rotation des plattenfoermigen Aufzeichnungstraegers mir einer vorgegebenen Geschwindigkeit entspricht und zur Erzeugung eines Steuersignals, das an eine Servoschaltung zur Steuerung der Rotplattenfoermigen Aufzeichnungstraegers mit einer vorgegebenen Geschwindigkeit entspricht und zur Erzeugung eines Steuersignals, das an eine Servoschaltung zur Steuerung der Rot
Patent DD-212981-A5 (DD)
Title: Verfahren zur gewinnung von pankreatin
Inventor: SCHULTZE HANS
IPC: C12N9/94
Filed: 1983-12-29
Abstract: Hochaktives Pankreatin gewinnt man durch Autolyse eines mit vorzugsweise Natriumhydrogencarbonat gepufferten waessrigen isopropanolhaltigen Gewebebreies bis zum positiven Ausfall einer Testfaellung mittels waessrig. Isopropylalkohol u. Faellung mit steigender Konzentration an Isopropylalkohol, wobei eine Fasersuspension entsteht, d. abgesiebt werden kann und aus der Loesung die unmittelbare Gewinnung von Pankreatin durch weitere Erhoehung der Konzentration an Isopropylalkohol erlaubt. Hohes Schuettgewicht des fertigen, trockenen Praeparates erzielt man, indem man das ausgefaellte Pankreatin durch Aufruehren mit Isopropylalkohol oder Aceton auf einer Konzentration zwischen 70 und 85 % an Isopropanol bzw. 80 bis 95 % an Aceton bringt, absaugt oder abschleudert u. unter Behandlung mit trockener Luft oder Stickstoff trocknet.
Patent DD-236869-A5 (DD)
Title: Fungizide mittel
Inventor: BOECKMANN KLAUS
IPC: A01N43/50
Filed: 1985-05-09
Abstract: Die Erfindung betrifft fungizide Mittel, die als Wirkstoff neue cyclische Azolylvinylether der allgemeinen Formel I und deren Saeureadditions-Salze und Metallsalz-Komplexe, neben Streckmitteln und/oder oberflaechenaktiven Mitteln enthalten. Als Pflanzenschutzmittel koennen die erfindungsgemaessen Wirkstoffe mit besonders gutem Erfolg zur Bekaempfung von Venturia-Arten, wie gegen den Erreger des Apfelschorfs (Venturia inaequalis); von Getreidekrankheiten, wie Cochliobolus sativus, Leptosphaeria nodoru, Erysiphe graminis und Pyrenophora teres, sowie von Reiskrankheiten, wie Pyricularia oryzae und Pellicularia sasakii, eingesetzt werden. Ausserdem zeigen die erfindungsgemaessen Stoffe ein breites und gutes fungizides in-vitro-Wirkungsspektrum. Ueberraschenderweise zeigen die erfindungsgemaess eingesetzten Verbindungen bessere fungizide Wirkungen als die aus dem Stand der Technik bekannten Verbindungen 2-(4-Chlorphenoxy)-4,4-dimethyl-1-(imidazol-1-yl)-1-penten-3-on und Zinkethylen-1,2-bisdithiocarbamidat. Die erfindungsgemaess eingesetzten Wirkstoffe stellen somit eine Bereicherung der Technik dar.
Patent DD-299830-A5 (DD)
Title: Durchmesser- und Geradheitsmeßgerät
Inventor: STEGEL HOLGER
IPC: G01B21/10
Filed: 1985-12-30
Abstract: Der Erfindung liegt die Aufgabe zugrunde, ein Durchmesser- und Geradheitsmeszgeraet zu entwickeln, das mit relativ geringem Aufwand Bohrungsdurchmesser in mehreren Abschnitten der Bohrungsachse und die Geradheitsabweichung von Rohren mit kleinem Durchmesser genau bestimmt. Diese Aufgabe wird dadurch geloest, dasz eine Spannvorrichtung in 3 Koordinaten beweglich angeordnet ist, dasz fuer jede Koordinate eine Antriebseinrichtung vorgesehen ist, dasz eine Koordinate in Richtung der Bohrungsachse des Prueflings weist, dasz durch die Mittelachse der Bohrung ein Draht gespannt ist, der mit einer Kugel aus einem elektrisch leitfaehigem Werkstoff versehen ist, dasz 3 Wegaufnehmer zur Ermittlung der Relativbewegung zwischen Pruefling und Kugel vorgesehen sind, dasz eine Anzeigeeinrichtung die Lage der Bohrungsmitten in den verschiedenen Bohrungstiefen als Masz fuer die Geradheit der Bohrung ausweist, dasz die Wegaufnehmer an einer elektronischen Auswerteeinrichtung angeschlossen sind, und dasz diese elektronische Auswerteeinrichtung mit der Anzeigeeinrichtung und den Antriebseinrichtungen verbunden ist.
Patent DD-263063-A5 (DD)
Inventor: WEBER KARL-HEINZ
IPC: C07D495/00
Filed: 1986-01-23
Abstract: 1. Thieno-triazolo-1,4-diazepino-2-carboxylic acid amides of general formula   see diagramm : EP0194416,P21,F2   wherein R1 represents hydrogen, a straight-chained or branched alkyl group having 1 to 4 carbon atoms, optionally substituted by halogen or hydroxy, cyclopropyl, alkoxy with 1-3 carbon atoms or halogen ; R2 and R3 , which may be identical or different, represent hydrogen, a straight-chained or branched alkyl or hydroxyalkyl group with 1 to 4 carbon atoms or both groups R2 and R3 together with the nitrogen atom represent a 5-, 6- or 7-membered ring which optionally contains a nitrogen, oxygen or sulphur atom as a further heteroatom, the second nitrogen atom optionally being substituted by an alkyl group with 1-4 carbon atoms ; R4 represents phenyl, wherein the phenyl ring may be mono- or polysubstituted by methyl, halogen, nitro or trifluoromethyl, or alpha-pyridyl and n represents one of the numbers 0, 1, 2, 3, 4, 5, 6, 7 or 8.