Patent GB-835856-A (GB)
Title: High temperature conversion of heavy oils
Inventor: SMITH BROOK IRVEN
IPC: C10G9/30
Filed: 1958-05-19
Abstract: In a process for converting heavy hydrocarbonaceous materials to low boiling normally vaporous or liquid hydrocarbons and solid carbonaceous residue which comprises feeding a stream of the materials in finely-divided form into contact with a fluidized mass of substantially non-catalytic heat-carrying solid particles at a reaction temperature of at least 1150 DEG  F. for a time sufficient to cause conversion of the feed to between 4 and 11 SCF of C3 and lighter gases per pound of coke-free feed, the maximum yields of either C4-C5 diolefins or C6-430 DEG  F. aromatics are obtained by supplying a non-hydrocarbon gas to the reaction zone in such proportions as will maintain the hydrocarbon partial pressure therein either below or above 20 p.s.i.a. respectively.  The heat-carrying particles may have sizes of 5 to 1500 microns; they are preferably composed of coke produced in the process, but sand, mullite, carborundum and metal particles are also suitable.  Preferred process conditions are conversion to between 4 and 8 SCF of gas/lb. of feed and 1200-1500 DEG  F. in conjunction with hydrocarbon partial pressures below 20 p.s.i.a. and 8 to 11 SCF/lb. and 1350-1700 DEG  F. with partial pressures above 20 p.s.i.a.  Preferred reaction times are 0.05 to 1 second.  The feed is preferably substantially liquid but may comprise solid particles, e.g. pitch, bitumen or bituminous coal.  In examples the process is applied to a gas oil and a petroleum residue, with steam being used as the non-hydrocarbon carrier gas.  The effect of variations in the specified process conditions on the respective yields of diolefines and aromatics is illustrated by graphs.ALSO:In a process for converting heavy hydrocarbonaceous materials to low-boiling normally vaporous or liquid hydrocarbons and solid carbonaceous residue which comprises feeding a stream of the materials in finely divided form into contact with a fluidized mass of substantially non-catalytic heat carrying solid particles at a reaction temperature of at least 1150 DEG  F. for a time sufficient to cause conversion of the feed to between 4 and 11 S.C.F. of C3 and lighter gases per pound of coke-free feed, the maximum yields of either C4-C5 diolefins or C6-430 DEG  F. aromatics are obtained by supplying a non-hydrocarbon gas to the reaction zone in such proportions as will maintain the hydrocarbon partial pressure therein either below or above 20 p.s.i.a. respectively.  The heat-carrying particles may have sizes of 5 to 1500 microns; they are preferably composed of coke produced in the process, but sand, mullite, carborundum and metal particles are also suitable.  Preferred process conditions are conversion to between 4 and 8 S.C.F. of gas/lb. feed and 1200-1500 DEG  F. in conjunction with hydrocarbon partial pressures below 20 p.s.i.a. and 8 to 11 S.C.P./lb. and 1350-1700 DEG  F. with partial pressures above 20 p.s.i.a.  Preferred reaction times are 0.05 to 1 second.  The feed is preferably substantially liquid but may comprise solid particles, e.g. pitch, bitumen and bituminous coal.  In examples the process is applied to a gas oil and a petroleum residue, with steam being used as the non-hydrocarbon carrier gas.  The effect of variations in the specified process conditions on the respective yields of diolefines and aromatics is illustrated graphically.