Patent GB-1005804-A (GB)
Title: Improvements in or relating to the production of yeast-leavened baked goods
IPC: A21D8/04
Filed: 1962-06-22
Abstract: 1,005,804. Peroxidised fat for bread dough. J. R. SHORT MILLING CO. June 22, 1962 [Nov. 20, 1961], No. 24130/62. Drawings to Specification. Heading A2B. Yeast-leavened baked goods of improved flavour are produced by dispersing in water an amount of particulate active lipoxidasebearing edible material equal to 0.05-5.0% of the weight of the flour to be used in the dough, and an amount of an edible enzymeperoxidizable fat equal to 0.1-6.0% of the flour weight, the lipoxidase-bearing material having an active lipoxidase content equal to at least 10% of the active lipoxidase content of unprocessed soy bean flour, agitating the resulting aqueous composition for from 10 minutes to 6 hours while maintaining it at a temperature in the range of 40-110‹F., and at a pH of between 4.0 and 8.5, thereby effecting peroxidation of the fate to such an extent that there is provided an active peroxide content amounting to 5-60 parts per million, as hydrogen peroxide equivalents, based on the flour weight, the aqueous composition is then combined with wheat flour and other dough-forming ingredients, and the resulting mixture is worked to form a developed dough and the dough so formed is baked. The invention is thus predicated upon the formation of the enzyme-peroxidized fatty material in situ. The proportions of the ingredients may be varied somewhat in the production of white bread by the continuous method of preparing an aqueous yeast-fermented brew, combining the brew continuously with dough-forming ingredients comprising at least white flour and shortening to provide a preliminary dough mixture, continuously subjecting the preliminary dough mixture to a short-time high energy working step to develop a completed dough, and proofing and baking the dough. An emulsifier for the fat may be included in a proportion of 0.1-15.0% of the weight of the fat. Lipoxidase materials : soy bean flour, soy bean meal and soy bean flakes (full-fat, low-fat or fat-free) and equivalent materials derived from peas, peanuts, lima beans, navy beans and lentils. Fats: any unsaturated edible fat containing linoleic, linolenic or arachidonic acid, alone or in combination, such as cottonseed, soy bean, corn, peanut, safflower, poppyseed, sunflower, wheat germ, sesame and oiticica oils and margarines made therefrom, soft lards, margarines containing animal fats, oils extracted from animal skins in the manufacture of gelatin, and refined marine oils. Emulsifiers: mono-glycerides of linoleic, linolenic and arachidonic acids; glyceryl esters of unsaturated long chain (15 carbons or greater) fatty acids containing either one or two acetic acid substituents, e.g. glyceryl diacetic linoleate; polyoxyethylene monostearate; the tartaric acid esters of monoglycerides; lecithin; dispersible protein materials, e.g., substantially pure undenatured soy bean protein; and mixed mono- and diglycerides. Examples are directed to making white bread from specified dough ingredients employing various batchwise and continuous procedures. In certain of the continuous procedures, hardened fat such as cottonseed flakes, peanut flakes and stearin was included in the peroxidizable oil (when an oil was used) in a proportion of 5-15% by weight of the total. This amount of hardened fat was additional to such as may be used with the shortening added in the preliminary mixing operation. Specifications 735,184, 808,836, 901,109 and 1,005,805 are referred to.