Patent RU-2745282-C1 (RU)
Inventor: KOTOV SERGEJ VIKTOROVICH
IPC: A61B5/369
Filed: 2020-06-02
Granted: 2021-03-23
Abstract: FIELD: medicine/cognitive studies. 
     SUBSTANCE: invention relates to medicine, namely to neurology, neuropsychology, neurophysiology, and can be used to diagnose the severity of vascular cognitive impairment. Testing is carried out to assess speech functions, memory functions, the study of praxis, gnosis, conceptualization, task performance and the calculation of the identified disturbances in points. During testing, the patient performs tasks related to checking orientation in themselves, time and space, searching for words among the alphabetic text, personal and non-personal memory preservation, demonstrates graphic skills and reproduces hand movements according to a given pattern, composes words from syllables, demonstrates everyday skills, complements drawing a pattern, simulates various emotional situations, builds a phrase, solves simple logical problems, repeats given brush poses, repeats sounds and syllables, composes words from letters, chooses syllables and words from several suggested ones, recognizes non-verbal sound stimuli, according to the preservation of memory for current and recent events, remembers and reproduces a series of words, speaks tongue twisters, recognizes contour and underprinted images, remembers and then gives a description of object pictures, recognizes superimposed images of objects, demonstrates orientation in the body scheme, chooses the correct answers to arithmetic examples, sets time on the watch dial, demonstrates an understanding of the figurative meaning of words and sayings. Testing is assessed according to the correctness of each task in the range of 0 points - the patient did not complete the task or refused to complete it, 1 - the patient completed less than 50% of the task, 2 points - more than 50% of the task, 3 points - the patient coped with the task. Then an EEG study is carried out and the initial power of the alpha rhythm in the parieto-occipital leads is set, and then the power of the alpha rhythm in the parieto-occipital leads during the patient's cognitive test of automated counting. According to the data obtained, the value of the decrease in the power of the alpha rhythm is determined according to the formula: Δα=100-(R cogn /R ini )*100, where Δα is the decrease in the power of the alpha rhythm in the parieto-occipital leads (%), R cogn . - the power of the alpha rhythm in the parieto-occipital leads during the performance of the cognitive test (μV 2 ), R ini  - the initial power of the alpha rhythm in the parieto-occipital leads (μV 2 ). With the sum of the scored points in the range of 61-75, and the Δα value of 65-75%, the normal level of cognitive functions is established. With the sum of the scored points being in the range of 51-70, and the Δα value of 35-64%, it is concluded that there is a moderate decrease in cognitive functions. With the sum of the points scored in the range of less than 60 points, and the Δα value less than 35%, a conclusion is made about a pronounced decrease in cognitive functions.  
     EFFECT: method makes it possible to improve accuracy of diagnosing the degree of cognitive impairment caused by focal lesions of the brain, while reducing the time of research, by assessing the state of impairment of cognitive functions during testing and neurophysiological examination with alternate activation of the brain regions involved in performing the presented tests.   
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