baber/WOPTO huggingface dataset:
Patent MX-PA04008747-A (MX)
Title: A process for modeling ceramic tiles.
Inventor: FABBRONI ROBERTO
IPC: B28B11/00
Filed: 2003-02-13
Abstract: Figures 25 and 26 show in sequence a 270¦ bending of a tile predisposed on a bottom surface thereof in which surface a straight groove has been made at a position where a bend is to be performed. Figure 5 is a detailed illustration showing the groove after having been filled following bending. In the illustrated example, the bend of the tile is obtained, after making the groove in the opposite surface to the upper surface, by subjecting the tile to overall or localized heating as it is resting on a support made of refractory material which support has two surfaces which are reciprocally perpendicular and inclined which support has two surfaces which are reciprocally perpendicular and inclined with respect to a vertical, at a suitable angle for the tile to be stable thanks to a part thereof resting on the surface, and a projecting part of the tile to be able, when softened, to fall by gravity until it reaches and rests perfectly on the other surface 10" of the support.
Patent MX-PA04009973-A (MX)
Title: A method of producing resistant starch.
Inventor: JAMES A MCCLAIN
IPC: C08B30/18
Filed: 2004-02-19
Abstract: This invention relates to the production of resistant starch. Preferably, this invention relates to the production of resistant starch comprising selecting a reaction temperature, acidifying unmodified starch to a pH, wherein the pH is optimum to convert the unmodified starch to resistant starch when at the reaction temperature, heating the acidified unmodified starch to about the reaction temperature, and maintaining the acidified unmodified starch close to about the reaction temperature until the maximum yield of resistant starch has been obtained while maintaining a whiteness level between about 65 and about 100.
Patent MX-PA04010148-A (MX)
Title: Waveform generator for controlling an electron beam in a cathode ray tube.
Inventor: JOHN BARRETT GEORGE
IPC: H04N3/26
Filed: 2003-04-21
Abstract: A parabola generator for providing dynamic correction includes a capacitor (C201) source of a parabolic input signal (18H) at a frequency related to a horizontal deflection frequency coupled to a first terminal of the capacitor (C201)(Fig. 1C). A diode switch (D203) is coupled to a voltage at a reference level and to a second terminal of the capacitor (C201) for periodically clamping a peak level of a signal developed at the second terminal. A transistor switch (Q401) is responsive to a periodic switch control signal and coupled to the second terminal capacitor (C201) for periodically clamping a signal applied from the second terminal, during retrace, for removing a parasitic parabolic voltage portion to generate a dynamic correction signal. The dynamic correction signal is coupled to a cathode ray tube to vary a field in a beam path of an electron beam of the cathode ray tube for providing dynamic correction.
Patent MX-PA05000461-A (MX)
Title: Combination of an ibat inhibitor and a metal salt for the treatment of diarrhoea.
Inventor: SOEDERLIND ERIK
IPC: A61K31/4418
Filed: 2003-07-09
Abstract: A combination comprising an IBAT inhibitor, or a pharmaceutically acceptable salt, solvate of such a salt or a prodrug thereof, and a metal salt, wherein the metal salt is formulated to release in the terminal ileum, caecum and/or the colon, is described. Compositions containing this combination and uses of the combination are also described.
Patent MX-PA05000707-A (MX)
Title: Method and apparatus for hybrid decision feedback equalization.
Inventor: SMEE JOHN E
IPC: H04L27/01
Filed: 2003-07-18
Abstract: A method and apparatus for a decision feedback equalizer wherein a correction term is used to compensate for slicer errors, thus avoiding error propagation. Filter coefficients for the equalizer are selected so as to minimize a cost function for the equalizer, including a correction term as a function of the energy of the filter coefficients. The equalizer includes a coefficient generator responsive to the correction term. One embodiment estimates a transmitted symbol from a received sample as a function of Signal-to-Interference and Noise Ratio (SINR) of the received sample. The received sample is quantized and mapped to a region of a grid overlaid on the transmitted symbol constellation. The region may correspond to a symbol estimate value or may be processed further to obtain a symbol estimate value.
Patent MX-PA05002312-A (MX)
Title: Equal density pellets or micro pellets.
Inventor: WITTMANN JEAN-FRANCOIS
IPC: D01F1/04
Filed: 2003-09-02
Abstract: The invention relates masterbatches comprising pellets or micro pellets of one or more Single Pigment Concentrates (SPCs) and of one or more Additive Concentrates with at least two different chemical compositions, or of two or more Single Pigment Concentrates (SPCs) with at least two different chemical compositions, or of two or more Additive Concentrates with at least two different chemical compositions, characterised in that the pellets or micro pellets with different chemical compositions are of substantially equal density, size, shape and/or electrostatic properties.The invention further relates to a process for preparing said pellets or micro pellets in that a Single Pigment Concentrate (SPC) or Additive Concentrate with a chemical composition of specific weight is taken as reference and that the specific weight of all other SPCs or Additive Concentrates is adjusted to the specific weight of the reference by adapting the concentration of pigment (in the SPC) or additive (in the Additive concentrate) or by adding a filler or a blowing agent to the SPCs or Additive Concentrates.
Patent MX-PA05002834-A (MX)
Title: Polyamide yarn process and polyamide yarn.
Inventor: STEELE RONALD E
IPC: B29C48/365
Filed: 2003-09-05
Abstract: A process for making a synthetic melt spun polyamide filament in a solid phase polycondensation apparatus is disclosed. The flow rate of the purge (make-up) gas to the apparatus is increased, and the overall pressure in the apparatus is decreased, as compared to solid phase polycondensation apparatus of the prior art. As a result, the removal of the thermal degradation impurity from the polymer flake contributes to improving the yarn quality and at the same time, extends the spinneret wipe life.
Patent MX-PA05006532-A (MX)
Title: Ultra-thin surface modification system.
Inventor: SHWN-MEEI LINDEN
IPC: B32B7/00
Filed: 2003-12-18
Abstract: This invention provides a thin laminate for modifying the appearance of a surface. The laminate includes an indicia containing layer disposed against the lower surface of a carrier film. The laminate may optionally include a bonding coat or layer for attaching the laminate to a surface, at least one removable protective layer, and a release coating for facilitating the transfer of the laminate on a surface. The invention also provides methods and systems for modifying the appearance of a surface using the laminate.
Patent MX-PA05007148-A (MX)
Title: Rotating user interface.
Inventor: MICHAEL CHARLIER
IPC: H04M1/72466
Filed: 2003-11-24
Abstract: A rotating user interface for a portable electronic device, FIG. 2, through FIG. 5, includes a circular portion that rotates relative to a housing portion. Rotation of the rotating user interface controls motion on a display such as a steering wheel for a gaming mode of the device. A moveable user interface includes a plurality of keys (206, 208) arranged and constructed to be configured in one of a first configuration (FIG. 2) and a second configuration (FIG. 3); and a controller 102, coupled to the plurality of keys, operable to detect when the plurality of keys are in the first configuration or second configuration and correspondingly to control the device to perform a first function or second function corresponding to the detected configuration.
Patent MX-PA05007884-A (MX)
Title: Fluorochemical urethane composition for treatment of fibrous substrates.
Inventor: LARRY A LIEN
IPC: D06N7/04
Filed: 2003-12-23
Abstract: The compositions comprise one or more fluorochemical urethane compounds and one or more silsesquioxane compounds. This fluorochemical urethane compound(s) comprises the reaction product of (a) one or more polyfunctional isocyanate compounds; (b) one or more fluorochemical monofunctional compounds; and optionally (c) one or more hydrophilic polyoxyalkylene compounds; and/or (d) one or more silane compounds.
Patent MX-PA05008053-A (MX)
Title: Motor diagnostic indicator.
Inventor: MEHLHORN WILLIAM L
IPC: H02K11/00
Filed: 2005-07-28
Abstract: A motor receiving power from a power source. The motor comprises a motor housing, a stator at least partially disposed within the motor housing and supported by the motor housing, a rotor disposed to magnetically interact with the stator, and a visual indicator integrated with the housing.
Patent MX-PA05009188-A (MX)
Title: Method and apparatus for determining a valve operator position.
Inventor: MICHAEL P KENNEDY
IPC: F02M25/07
Filed: 2004-03-12
Abstract: A valve operator position is determined for an exhaust gas recirculation valve (117) for an internal combustion engine (101). The valve position may be adjusted (313) for transient engine speed conditions and/or adjusted (309) for transient engine load conditions. During high transient states, the EGR valve is closed more, to allow more air to reach the cylinders of the engine, thereby improving engine performance.
Patent MX-PA05009519-A (MX)
Title: Iron-chromium-aluminum alloy.
Inventor: HOJDA RALF
IPC: C22C38/42
Filed: 2004-03-08
Abstract: The invention relates to an iron-chromium-aluminum alloy having a good oxidation resistance, comprising (in % by mass) 2.5 to 5.0 % Al, 10 to 25 % Cr, 0.05 0.8 % Si, and additions of > 0.01 to 0.1 % Y and/or > 0.01 to 0.1 % Hf and/or > 0.01 to 0.2 % Zr and/or > 0.01 to 0.2 % Cer mixed metal (Ce, La, Nd) as well as production-associated impurities.
Patent MX-PA05010762-A (MX)
Title: Unbalance measuring device and method for unbalance measurement.
Inventor: HANS-PETER KOERBER
IPC: G01M1/02
Filed: 2004-04-03
Abstract: The invention relates to an unbalance measuring device comprising a bearing unit for the static fluid bearing arrangement of the rotor (1). The aim of the invention is to improve the balance quality and to reduce the time required for the balancing. To this end, the bearing unit comprises at least two open, fluid-supplied bearing shells (11, 11') for receiving sections of the rotor periphery, and at least one fluid-supplied bearing plate (12, 12') associated with a rotor end surface. During the unbalance measuring process, the drive is decoupled from the rotor (1). The measuring process is carried out preferably when the rotor (1) rotates in a time-variable manner.
Patent MX-PA05011378-A (MX)
Title: System and method for refuse collection.
Inventor: KRUPOWICZ WILLIAM J
IPC: B65F3/02
Filed: 2004-04-22
Abstract: A system and method for collecting refuse is disclosed which can include a database including a customer profile having a database record. A collection vehicle can be provided that includes a storage area for receiving refuse and a weighing system for determining the weight of the refuse collected. A database record of the refuse weight can be transmitted to the database. The collection vehicle can include a transmission system for transmitting the data of the database to a remote communication system. The communication system can automatically bill the customer for the collection services provided and transfer funds from the customeraCOs account to the collectoraCOs account. The communication system can generate a communication to the customer which includes the data from the customeraCOs customer profile and billing information.
Patent MX-PA05011900-A (MX)
Title: Evaporator air system for rooftop bus air conditioner.
Inventor: BUSHNELL PETER R
IPC: A61K9/00
Filed: 2004-04-26
Abstract: An air conditioning module is constructed to include all the necessary components for an air conditioning system within a single housing, with the housing having a supply air opening and a return air opening. The various components within the housing are so situated that the return air opening is relatively large in its lateral extension across the roof of a bus such that a single module can accommodate various configurations and locations of the supply air and return air openings in the roof of a bus.
Patent MX-PA05012151-A (MX)
Title: Industrial two-layer fabric.
Inventor: NAGURA HIROYUKI
IPC: D03D13/00
Filed: 2005-11-11
Abstract: An industrial two-layer fabric obtained by alternately arranging, on an upper surface side thereof, (a) a warp complete design made of a design in which a warp passes over one upper surface side weft and then passes under one upper surface side weft, and any one of the following warp complete designs of: (b) a warp complete design made of a design in which a warp passes over two upper surface side wefts and then passes under two upper surface side wefts, (c) a warp complete design made of a design in which a warp passes over one upper surface side weft and then passes under three upper surface side wefts, (d) a warp complete design made of a design in which a warp passes over three upper surface side wefts and then passes under one upper surface side weft, and others.
Patent MX-PA05014035-A (MX)
Title: Volatile insect control sheet and method of manufacture thereof.
Inventor: SOSA ANTHONY
IPC: A01M19/00
Filed: 2004-06-30
Abstract: An insect control device (23) includes a first substantially non-permeable surface (20) having a first critical surface tension value. An insect control volatile agent is disposed on the first surface (20) and has a surface energy at least about 5 dynes/cm2 less than the first critical surface tension value.
Patent MX-PA06000067-A (MX)
Title: Glucanases, nucleic acids encoding them and methods for making and using them.
Inventor: CALLEN WALTER
IPC: C12N/
Filed: 2004-07-02
Abstract: The invention relates to polypeptides having glucanase, e.g., endoglucanase, mannanase, xylanase activity or a combination of these activities, and polynucleotides encoding them. In one aspect, the glucanase activity is an endoglucanase activity (e.g., endo-1,4-beta-D-glucan 4-glucano hydrolase activity) and comprises hydrolysis of 1,4-beta-D-glycosidic linkages in cellulose, cellulose derivatives (e.g., carboxy methyl cellulose and hydroxy ethyl cellulose) lichenin, beta-1,4 bonds in mixed beta-1,3 glucans, such as cereal beta-D-glucans or xyloglucans and other plant material containing cellulosic parts. In addition, methods of designing new enzymes and methods of use thereof are also provided. In alternative aspects, the new glucanases e.g., endoglucanases, mannanases, xylanases have increased activity and stability at increased pH and temperature.
Patent MX-PA06001928-A (MX)
Title: Oil circuit for twin cam internal combustion engine.
Inventor: HANSON REID L
IPC: F01M11/00
Filed: 2004-08-18
Abstract: An engine having an oil circuit and method of communicating oil within an engine are disclosed. The engine includes a crankcase, a pump, and a camshaft having a first channel extending between first and second ends of the camshaft, where lubricant is provided from the pump to the first channel at the first end and communicated by way of the first channel to the second end. The engine also includes a crankshaft, a second channel communicating at least some of the lubricant delivered to the second end of the first camshaft to a crankshaft bearing, and a third channel within the crankshaft that receives at least some of the lubricant communicated by the second channel and communicates at least some of the lubricant to a crankpin bearing on the crankshaft. In some embodiments, lubricant is communicated by the third channel to an eccentric bearing configured to support a balance weight.
Patent MX-PA06011698-A (MX)
Title: Method of fastening a guard rail by means of a guard rail bolt, the guard rail bolt and the tool for fastening the guard rail bolt.
Inventor: POURTIER FABRICE
IPC: F16B13/00
Filed: 2005-04-06
Abstract: The invention relates to a method of fastening a guard rail (60) to a concrete slab (100) by means of a self-expanding and self-undercutting bolt (1, 1', 1 ") comprising a dowel (10) having expanding lugs (17) and an expansion core (20, 23), the method comprising a phase consisting in drilling a hole (103', 103") in the slab, a phase consisting in driving the bolt in to a desired depth (El + E2) independent of the depth of the hole, a dynamic tightening phase (h) resulting in the formation of the undercut and a static tightening phase of the guard rail. The guard rail bolt comprises the dowel (10) and a counter-dowel (20). The dowel (10) comprises at its fastening end (11) a guard rail fastening head (13) rigidly connected at its screwing end (12) by means of incipient fracture means (15) to a ring (16) provided with expansion lugs (17). The tool (2) for fastening the guard rail bolt comprises means (32, 50, 39, 35) for driving it in rotation and complementary means (31, 34) for controlling the driving depth of the bolt (1).
Patent MX-PA06012270-A (MX)
Title: Furnace brazing process.
Inventor: GROPALLO FRANCESCO
IPC: B23K1/00
Filed: 2004-04-22
Abstract: A furnace brazing process for metal parts of which at least one tubular (3), comprising the positioning of the filler metal (5, 6, 18) preferably in pre-formed shape inside said tubular part and successive reheating inside the furnace to induce the melting of the filler metal and the accomplishment of the joint. The process is particularly suited to the construction of towel-rail type radiators.
Patent MX-PA06012672-A (MX)
Title: Impact-modified polycarbonate molding compositions.
Inventor: CHANG MOH-CHING O
IPC: C08L25/08
Filed: 2005-04-29
Abstract: A thermoplastic molding composition containing polycarbonate, vinyl copolymer and a compound rubber graft copolymer that contains a polyorganosiloxane is disclosed. The composition is characterized in its improved mechanical properties, most especially Izod impact strength of articles having thickness of at least ??" molded of the composition.
Patent MY-103594-A (MY)
Title: Sanitary napkin
Inventor: RALF KORPMAN
IPC: A61F13/472
Filed: 1988-07-21
Abstract: A SANITARY NAPKIN HAVING SIDE PANELS INTENDED TO BE FOLDED AROUND THE CROTCH PORTION OF AN UNDERGARMENT INCLUDES AN ADHESIVE TAPE TAP SECURED TO THE APERTURED FILM FACING OF ONE PANEL WITH A FREE END OVERLYING THE OPPOSITE PANEL IN THE FOLDED CONFIGURATION. THE ADHESIVE COATING ON THE TAPE TAB, AN A-B-A/A-B POLYMER HAVING AN ADHESION TO STEEL VALUE OF 2126 TO 3969 GRAMS/2.54 CM WIDTH, PROVIDED SECURE ATTACHMENT OF THE TAPE TAB WHILE PERMITTING DETACHMENT WITHOUT SUBSTANTIAL TEARING OF THE APERTURED FILM FACING. (FIG. 1)
Patent MY-103416-A (MY)
Title: Fuel delivery system
Inventor: JOHN A TAYLOR
IPC: F02M37/34
Filed: 1988-10-07
Abstract: A FUEL DELIVERY SYSTEM (10) INCLUDES A FUEL TANK (12) FOR STORING A SUPPLY OF FUEL (16) AND CONDUITS (18) FOR CONDUCTING THE FUEL (16) FROM THE FUEL TANK (12) TO AN ENGINE (20). A SEPARATOR MODULE (22) IN FLUID COMMUNICATION WITH THE CONDUITS (18) SEPARATES BY CROSS-FLOW SEPARATION A SUBSTANTIALLY WATER AND PARTICLES FREE FUEL PERMEATE FLOW FROM A FUEL RETENTATE FLOW. THE CONDUIT (18) INCLUDES A FIRST PASSAGEWAY (24) CONDUCTING THE FUEL PERMEATE FLOW TO THE ENGINE (20) AND A SECOND PASSAGEWAY (30) CONDUCTING THE FUEL RETENTATE FLOW BACK TO THE FUEL TANK (12). (FIG. 1)
Patent MY-107369-A (MY)
Title: Security sealing mechanism
Inventor: SHUNJI AKASHI
IPC: A44B19/00
Filed: 1989-12-01
Abstract: A SECURITY SEALING MECHANISM (S) FOR A BAG OR ENVELOPE IS MOUNTED ON THAT END OF COUPLING ELEMENT ROWS (5, 5) TO WHICH A SLIDER (6) COMES FOR CLOSING A SLIDE FASTENER (Z). THE SECURITY SEALING MECHANISM (S) COMPRISES A SEALING BODY (1) INCLUDING AN ABUTTING SURFACE (9) DISPOSED AT THE END THEREOF CONTIGUOUS TO THE COUPLING ELEMENT ROWS (5, 5) FOR RECEIVING THE SLIDER (6) AND LOCKING MEANS (12, 12A, 12B) PROVIDED ON THE UPPER SURFACE OF THE SEALING BODY (1), AND A PULL TAB (P) HAVING ONE END RELEASABLY JOINTED TO THE LINK (19) PIVOTALLY CONNECTED TO THE SLIDER (6) AND HAVING THE OTHER END ADAPTED FOR UNRELEASABLE LOCKING ENGAGEMENT WITH THE LOCKING MEANS (12, 12A, 12B).@@(FIG. 1)
Patent MY-109828-A (MY)
Title: Soldering pot
Inventor: HIDEKI NAKAMURA
IPC: B23K3/06
Filed: 1993-10-21
Abstract: A FLOW OF WASTE FUSED SOLDER, WHICH HAS BEEN EJECTED FROM EJECTION NOZZLES 2, 3 BUT HAS NOT BEEN EFFECTIVELY USED DURING PROCESS, IS RECEIVED IN TROUGHS 10 PROVIDED ON EITHER SIDES OF EACH OF THE EJECTION NOZZLES 2, 3. THE FLOW OF WASTE FUSED SOLDER, CONTAINING THEREIN OXIDES, IS DIRECTED THROUGH THE TROUGHS 10 INTO A FILTRATION CHAMBER 13 DEFINED IN A VESSEL BODY 1. THE FLOW OF FUSED SOLDER IS FILTRATED BY MEANS OF A PARTITION PLATE 12 AS IT FLOWS FROM THE FILTRATION CHAMBER 13 INTO A SOLDER RESERVOIR 14, SO THAT THE OXIDES IN THE FUSED SOLDER ARE REMOVED. THE TROUGHS 10 DO NOT BECOME CLOGGED WITH THE OXIDES IN THE FUSED SOLDER, SINCE THE TOP EACH OF THE TROUGHS IS OPENED. DUE TO AN APPROPRIATE CONFIGURATION OF THE PARTITION PLATE 12, DEPENDING UPON DIFFERENT IN SPECIFIC GRAVITY BETWEEN THE FUSED SOLDER AND THE OXIDES, IT IS POSSIBLE TO EFFECTIVELY REMOVE OXIDES FROM THE SOLDER EJECTION VESSEL. (FIG. 1)
Patent MY-111281-A (MY)
Title: Method of lining a branch pipe
Inventor: YASUHIRO YOKOSHIMA
IPC: F16L55/16
Filed: 1994-07-19
Abstract: A BRANCH PIPE LINING METHOD OF THE INVENTION UTILIZES A BRANCH LINER BAG (4) IMPREGNATED WITH A HARDENABLE RESIN AND HAVING A FLANGE (4A) AT ONE END THEREOF, WHERIN THE FLANGE (4A) IS FOLDED OUT AND MOUNTED TO A FLUID PRESSURE SEALING NOZZLE (7); THE BRANCH PIPE LINER BAG (4) IS EVERTED AND INSERTED INTO A BRANCH PIPE (2); AN UPPER END OF THE BRANCH PIPE (2); AN UPPER END OF THE BRANCH PIPE LINER BAG (4) IS PULLED UP BY A ROPE (24) OR LIKE WITH THE FLANGE (46) THEREOF BEING SECURED ON THE INNER WALL OF THE MAIN PIPE (1); THE FLUID PRESSURE SEALING NOZZLE (7) IS REMOVED FROM THE BRANCH PIPE LINER BAG (4); A SEALING PRESSURE BAG (16) INTRODUCED INTO THE MAIN PIPE (1) IS EXPANDED TO SEAL A LOWER OPENING OF THE BRANCH PIPE LINER BAG (4) WITH THE SEALING PRESSURE BAG (16); THE UPPER END OF THE BRANCH PIPE LINER BAG (4) IS CLOSED, AND THE BRANCH PIPE LINER BAG (4) IS PRESSED AGAINST THE INNER WALL OF THE BRANCH PIPE (2) WITH A FLUID PRESSURE; AND THE HARDENABLE RESIN IMPREGNATED IN THE BRANCH PIPE LINER BAG (4) IS HARDENED WHILE THE BRANCH PIPE LINER BAG (4) IS CONTINUOUSLY BEING PRESSED AGAINST THE INNER WALL OF THE BRANCH PIPE (2). AFTER THE LINING IS COMPLETED, THE SEALING PRESSURE BAG (16) CAN BE EASILY REMOVED FROM THE BRANCH PIPE LINER BAG (4) AFTER IT HAS BEEN HARDENED, SO THAT ANY FRAGMENT OF THE SEALING PRESSURE BAG (16) WILL NOT REMAIN ON THEINNER WALL OF THE BRANCH PIPE (2) WITH THE RESULT THAT THE INNER WALL SURFACE OF THE BRANCH PIPE (2) CAN BE MAINTAINED IN A FAVORABLE CONDITION.(FIG. 2)
Patent MY-111626-A (MY)
Title: Multilayer printed circuit board and method of producing the same
Inventor: HIROAKI UNO
IPC: H05K3/46
Filed: 1995-11-30
Abstract: THIS INVENTION IS TO PROVIDE A MULTILAYER PRINTED CIRCUIT BOARD HAVING EXCELLENT APPEARANCE AND RELIABILITY AND A METHOD OF PRODUCING THE SAME, AND PROPOSES A BUILD-UP MULTILAYER PRINTED CIRCUIT BOARD COMPRISING AN INTERLAMINAR INSULATING LAYER 4 COMPRISED OF AN ADDITIVE PROCESS BETWEEN AN INNER LAYER COPPER PATTERN 3 PROVIDED AT ITS SURFACE WITH A FINE UNEVEN LAYER 9 AND AN OUTER LAYER COPPER PATTERN 6 IN WHICH THE SURFACE OF THE UNEVEN LAYER 9 IN THE INNER LAYER COPPER PATTERN 3 IS COVERED WITH A METAL LAYER CONTAINING ONE OR MORE OF METALS HAVING AN IONIZATION TENDENCY NOT LOWER THAN OF COPPER BUT NOT HIGHER THAN THAT OF TITANIUM, OR A NOBLE METAL LAYER 10, AND A PRODUCTION TECHNIQUE THEREFOR.(FIG. 1).