Patent GB-434716-A (GB)
Title: A method and means for regulating voltages, speeds and temperatures
IPC: G05B11/14
Filed: 1933-12-02
Abstract: 434,716. Automatic regulators. WOLNIEWICZ, E., 3, U1. Przejazd, and SIERZPUTOWSKI, A. E., 16, Ul. Widok, both in Warsaw. Dec. 2, 1933, No. 33958. [A Specification was laid open to inspection under Sect. 91 of the Acts, June 4, 1934.] [Class 38 (iv)] Voltage, speed, or temperature are controlled by balancing a voltage, variable with the quantity to be controlled, against a standard voltage in a separate closed circuit, the current flowing in this circuit during unbalance being employed to control a pair of grid controlled thermionic valves which operate the regulating means. The voltage across a resistance 3, 4 connected to a generator M is balanced against that of a potentiometer b in a closed circuit o comprising resistances 1, 2 and 5, 6. The ends of resistance 1, 2 are connected to the grids of two thermionic discharge tubes k1, k2, the cathodes of which are connected to a tapping on the resistance 1, 2. The outputs from the valves k1, k2 are amplified and applied to two solenoids e1, e2 controlling a common armature d. Unbalance in the circuit o causes the currents in the anode circuits of the discharge tubes to vary in opposite senses, and operate the armature d so as to energize one or other of two electromagnets e<3>, e<4> thereby connecting a resistance operating arm to a continuously rotating shaft m1 through one or other of two clutch discs t1. The rheostat c varies the field current of the generator M to maintain the voltage at a predetermined value. Rheostat c provides for fine adjustment, and at the end of its travel in either direction energizes one or other of two electromagnets e5, e6 controlling the rotation of a coarse adjustment rheostat r2 in the field circuit. In the case of an A.C. generator the voltage thereof is rectified prior to application in the circuit o. The variable voltage may be balanced in the closed circuit against the voltage of a standard cell or thermocouple. The speed of a machine is controlled by balancing the voltage of a tachometer generator thereon, against that of a potentometer or standard cell and operating mechanism controlling the speed of the machine through the thermionic relay. Similarly, the temperature of a furnace is controlled through the relay system by balancing the voltage of a thermo-couple against the standard voltage. Alternatively, radiant energy from the furnace may control the p.d. across a light sensitive cell which p.d. is used in the relay circuit. In regulating the speed of an I.C. engine an electromagnet may control the suction valve of the fuel pump. In water turbines a servomotor may actuate the screw of the control wheel and in steam turbines it may control the sleeve regulating the oil pressure in the regulator. The Specification as open to inspection under Sect. 91 disclosed an arrangement in which the speeds of two machines were maintained equal by balancing the voltages of tachometer generators on the shafts of the two machines, and controlling two discharge valves and relay apparatus in response to unbalance so as to regulate the speed of one of the machines. In a modification, the discharge tube apparatus was in every case replaced by a mirror galvanometer connected directly in the closed balancing circuit, light falling thereon being reflected on to one or other of two light sensitive cells which controlled the regulating apparatus in the appropriate sense directly or through amplifier and relay apparatus. This subjectmatter does not appear in the Specification as accepted.