baber/WOPTO huggingface dataset:
Patent GB-538294-A (GB)
Title: Apparatus for the electrical precipitation of suspended particles from gaseous fluids
IPC: B03C3/51
Filed: 1940-04-10
Abstract: 538,294. Electrostatic precipitation apparatus. LODGE-COTTRELL, Ltd., and LODGE, L. April 10, 1940, No. 6484. [Class 39 (i)] Apparatus for the electrical precipitation of particles suspended in gases consists of oppositely charged electrodes each of which is formed with flared lips having edges directed towards a flat or curved part of the other so that an ionising discharge takes place in both directions. The plate electrode assembly shown consists of a pair of juxtaposed plates 1, negatively charged and formed with oppositely disposed catchpocket members 2 which direct the deposited dust into the space 7 between the plates. The positively-charged electrodes consist of plates 4 with catch pocket members 5, staggered relatively to the members 2. The members 2, 5 may be solid or pervious and may be plane, curved or with a vertical edge, and the edges may be sharp or rounded or may have discharge points of fine wires or rods. Preferably the negative-point discharge gap is less than the positive-point gap. In a modification the electrode system may be of the pipe type, concentrically arranged or a number of pipe type systems may be enclosed in a common outer casing. The electrodes may be of the kind described in Specification 529,485.
Patent GB-1145954-A (GB)
Title: Method of electrically isolating semiconductor circuit components
IPC: H01L21/18
Filed: 1967-02-10
Abstract: 1,145,954. Semi-conductor devices. RADIO CORPORATION OF AMERICA. 10 Feb.,  1967 [17 Feb., 1966], No. 6589/67. Heading H1K. Isolated islands of semi-conductor material supported by insulating material are produced by forming a groove in the front surface of a wafer of semi-conductor material, forming a hole extending from the bottom of the groove through the remaining thickness of the wafer, depositing insulating material in the groove by forcing it through the hole from the back of the wafer and removing the back surface of the wafer to a depth sufficient to isolate the islands. As shown, an integrated circuit assembly is produced by forming devices 4 in the top face of a semi-conductor wafer 2, Fig. 2(a), forming grooves 6 between the devices, Fig. 2(b), forming holes 8 through the wafer by cutting grooves 10 in the bottom face of the wafer, the holes being formed at the intersections of the grooves 6 and 10, Fig. 2(c), placing the top face of the wafer against a polished face of a vitreous carbon plate arranged in a mould, covering with a layer of powdered glass and heating and pressing to force molten glass through the apertures 8 and into the grooves 6, Fig. 2(d), and then lapping away the lower face of the wafer to electrically isolate the device areas, Fig. 2(e). The glass does not adhere to the vitreous carbon plate and this plate prevents the glass from covering the devices. The devices may be produced in the regions of semi-conductor material after they have been isolated. In a second embodiment, Fig. 5 (not shown), devices which are difficult to form in the same body of semi-conductor material, e.g. PNP and NPN devices, are integrated by forming one set of components in a first wafer (20) and the other set of components in a second wafer (22) forming grooves between the components in each wafer, forming holes between the grooves and the backs of each wafer, the devices, grooves and holes being so arranged that the projections of the second wafer can be inserted through the holes in the first wafer so that all the devices are co-planar, and then placing the ends of the projections of both wafers in contact with a vitreous carbon plate and embedding the assembly in glass as in the first embodiment. The back of the assembly is then lapped off to a depth sufficient to electrically isolate the various devices. In modifications of the second embodiment the second wafer may comprise a low resistivity surface or may be of a metal such as nickel to provide conductive regions located between the devices provided by the first wafer, Fig. 7 (not shown). The grooves may be produced by etching, sawing or ultrasonic cutting, and the glass may be melted by RF heating. Alternatively a readily flowing synthetic resin may be used instead of glass.
Patent GB-433642-A (GB)
Title: Improvements in or relating to draw-bars for tractors
IPC: B60D1/14
Filed: 1934-03-01
Abstract: 433,642. Couplings for tractors. BULL, W. A., 10, Gay Lane, Otley, Yorkshire. March 1, 1934, No. 6594. [Class 79 (iii)] A tubular transverse drawbar 1 on a tractor for attachment of mowers &c. in line abreast, is provided with telescopic extensions 2 securable by pins 3 and which, together with the central member 1 carry coupling means 9 attached by clamping bolts 7. Pin and slot means may be provided to prevent rotation of the members 2 when the pins 3 are withdrawn or the members may be of rectangular or like cross section. The central member 1 may be secured to brackets 10 on the tractor by U- bolts 11, grooves or recesses and co-operating projections between the member and brackets being provided to preclude rotary or longitudinal displacements. Specification 389,550 is referred to.
Patent GB-1200806-A (GB)
Title: Volume compensation in vapour sorption systems
Inventor: SPENCER JOHN RAYMOND
IPC: B01D53/04
Filed: 1968-02-09
Abstract: 1,200,806. Separating vapours from gases. CONTINENTAL OIL CO. 9 Feb., 1968 [23 Feb., 1967], No. 6595/68. Addition to 1.112,580. Heading B1L. The closed-circuit heated gas regeneration system for the adsorption apparatus of the main Specification, which comprises "compensators" whose heat capacity and volume are each substantially equal to those of each of the beds is modified to provide greater flexibility. The Figure illustrates an apparatus for the separation of vapourised condensables such as gasoline hydrocarbons and water vapour from natural gas. Gas from line 1 enters adsorber 4, 5, or 6 by line 2, 2A, or 2B respectively and leaves depleted or sorbed condensables by lines 7,<SP> </SP>7A, or 7B respectively and line 3. Regneration gas from heater 23 and line 8 passes to one of the adsorbers via lines 9, 9A, or 9B respectively and leaves via lines 10, 10A, or 10B and line 11, from which passes to coolers 14 and 15 and scrubber 16, from which liquids are removed by line 17. Regeneration gas from scrubber 16 now passes by line 18, and lines 19 or 19A to compensator 20 or 21, from which it leaves by lines 33 or 31 to line 22 and heater 23. Cooling gas leaves one of the compensators by lines 35 or 32, line 34 and a number of options are then available. In one, gas flow is through line 57, booster 61, line 58, cooler 62 and line 24 back to a hot adsorber 4, 5 or 6 through line 26, 26A or 26B. The gas displaced leaves by line 10, 10A or 10B, lines 13, 55, 56 and 19 or 19A to compensator 20 or 21, and thence by line 22 back to heater 23, whence it passes back to another of the adsorbers to displace lean gas contained therein through residue line 3. At the same time cooling gas leaving another adsorber is being returned to compensators 20 or 21 by lines 27, 27A, or 27B, 28, and 30 or 30A. Other options available are (a) to bypass the heated compensator during the displacement phase by means of line 60, (b) to bypass the volume compensator near the end of the cooling phase to prevent loss of the heat thereof to the cooling gas, and (c) to bypass coolers 14, 15, scrubber 16 and booster 64 during the displacement phase. With such a system, at the end of the desorption phase, the adsorber so treated is hot while the corresponding compensator is cool, and after cooling an adsorber the corresponding compensator is hot. The adsorbent specified in the example is active carbon while the compensators are filled with volcanic rock aggregate. During regeneration, vapours of light hydrocarbons are first displaced from the adsorbent, and so the volume of gas in the regeneration circuit first increases and then decreases. This may be compensated for by means described in the Specification of the main invention.
Patent GB-841696-A (GB)
Title: A new antibiotic designated r 285
Inventor: SENSI PIERO
Filed: 1957-02-27
Abstract: <PICT:0841696/IV(b)/1> <PICT:0841696/IV(b)/2> A new antibiotic designated R285 is produced by fermenting in submerged aerobic conditions Streptomyces R285.  ATCC 13064 T in an aqueous nutrient medium containing a source of carbon, an assimilable nitrogen source and mineral salts at a temperature between 22 DEG  and 37 DEG  C., and preferably 22 DEG  to 26 DEG  C., for 48 to 120 hours, at a pH 6.0 to 7.5.  Suitable nitrogenous substances are corn steep liquor, barley or wheat malt extract, casein enzymatic hydrolysates, peanut meal, soybean meal, cottonseed meal, ammonium sulphate and sodium nitrate.  Carbon sources are glucose, maltose, lactose, galactose, glycerol, mannose, sodium succinate, dextrin and starch.  Mineral salts are calcium carbonate, phosphate, sulphate and magnesium, and traces of cobalt, zinc, copper, manganese and iron ions.  Preferred is 1 to 3% nitrogen source, 1 to 6% carbon source, 0.1 to 2% sulphates, 0.1 to 1.0% calcium carbonate and 0.0001-0.0005% trace elements. The antibiotic R285 is isolated by adjusting the pH to 1.5 to 3.0, filtering-off the mycelium, adjusting to pH 7.0 to 8.5 and extracting with a solvent such as ethyl acetate.  The ethyl acetate extract may be dried, and concentrated in nitrogen to allow the antibiotic to precipitate.  Alternatively, an aqueous extract of the ethyl acetate extract may be made at pH 2.0 to 2.5, the extract adjusted to pH 7.5 to 8.0 and, then re-extracted with ethyl acetate. The antibiotic is active against grain-positive bacteria such as mycobacteria, it is basic forming salts with inorganic and organic acids such as hydrochloric, picric, picrolonic, styphnic (trinitroresorcioul), phosphomolybdic acids and helianthin i.e. p-dimethylaminophenylazobenzene sulphuric acid; it is only slightly soluble in water and organic solvents in general; it is stable in acid or neutral solution; contains carbon 58,00%, hydrogen 6,8% and nitrogen 13,57%; empirical formula C25H35N5O7 melting point 165-167 DEG C.; [d]d 20 DEG C. + 122 DEG  (C1 0,5 in. 0,1 N HCL); molecular weight 520; Rf by paper chromatography 0,70 (butanol acetic acid-water) 0,55 (3% aqueous ammonium chloride); ultraviolet spectrum in 0,1 N.HCl shows maxima at 256-258 mm  (E1%c.m. 315) and 313-315 mm (E1%c,m. 276) minimum 282 mm  (E1%c.m. 124); infrared spectrum shows maxima in cm-1 at the following frequencies: 3330, 1650, 1625, 1605, 1570, 1485, 1378, 1308, 1260, 1185, 1138, 1080, 1058, 1040, 992, 938, 845, 805, 788 and 760.
Patent GB-123646-A (GB)
Title: Improvements in or connected with Apparatus or Kilns for Drying Granular, Pulverulent and Pasty Materials.
Inventor: ALEXANDER HERBERT
IPC: B29B13/06
Filed: 1918-04-18
Abstract: 123,646. Alexander, H. April 18, 1918. Rotary-scraper apparatus.- Relates to apparatus for drying granular, pasty, and other substances in which the material is conveyed over stationary trays disposed in tiers. A cylindrical casing a, Fig. 1, is fitted with circular series of segmental trays l, l<1> which are fixed to the wall. The trays are provided with downwardly extending flanges n, as shown in Fig. 4, which direct the ascending current of drying medium between the trays so as to meet the falling stream of materials. Scrapers c carried on a central shaft sweep the material over the trays and cause it to fall from one tier to another. The material is fed into the cylinder through an opening d and is delivered by rotary nozzles f to a series of segmental trays g carried by the shaft b. Scrapers h fixed to the wall of the cylinder cause the material to fall from the trays g on to the fixed trays l below. The scrapers h are mounted in slots for angular adjustment, and are locked by nuts k. The stationary shelves are inclined to direct the air &c. upwards. The drying air &c. is delivered into the lower part of the cylinder by a fan p and the dried material escapes by a spout q.
Patent GB-444047-A (GB)
Title: Method of and apparatus for storing perishable goods
IPC: A23L3/28
Filed: 1935-03-04
Abstract: 444,047. Refrigerating. MATTHAEI, L., 4, Danziger Platz, and ZEUZEM, J. O., 150, Mainzerlandstrasse, both in Frankforton-Main, Germany. March 4, 1935, No. 6830. Convention date, March 3, 1934. [Class 29] [See also Group VI] Goods such as food paper, tobacco, and textiles stored in a refrigerating cham ber a cooled by an evaporator or brine container d are pro tected against the action of bacteria &c., by introducing into the chamber a fog-like spray of salt solution from a device f, and by subjecting the air and fog to the action of ultra-violet rays from a lamp e, which may be a phosphate-glass mercury vapour tube. It is stated that the air is positively charged and the liquid particles negatively charged. Preferably the lamp and the spray are brought into action intermittently as the door b is shut after access to the goods. Fresh air may be introduced at an inlet h and foul air withdrawn at an outlet g.
Patent GB-153519-A (GB)
Title: An improved rat and like trap
IPC: A01M23/04
Filed: 1920-03-06
Abstract: 153,519. Grieve, A. March 6, 1920. Addition to 15256/15. Animal traps. - A trap for rats &c. of the kind described in the parent Specification and Specification 117,719 is constructed with a lateral compartment divided into three chambers b<1>, b<2>, b<3> forming a tortuous passage through which the animal must pass on leaving the trap chamber b. The animal enters the first supplemental chamber b' through an opening e<1>, passes a non-return gate b<5>, and enters the chamber b<2> by the opening e<2>. The hinged bottom s' of the chamber b<2>, being connected by a stirrup s<2> and wire s<3> to the lever s, opens the entrance g when depressed, and the animal passes through an opening e3 to the chamber b<3>which contains another non-return gate b'. From this chamber, the tube z leads to a counterbalanced platform v over the water-container x.
Patent GB-819243-A (GB)
Title: Improvements relating to electrical signal frequency measuring devices
Inventor: EAMES ANTHONY RAINSFORD
IPC: G01R23/09
Filed: 1955-03-09
Abstract: 819,243. Frequency detectors. BRITISH THOMSON-HOUSTON CO. Ltd. March 9, 1956 [March 9, 1955], No. 6956/55. Class 40 (5). [Also in Group XL (b)] A transistor frequency meter comprises a stage T1 for high to low impedance matching of an input oscillatory or pulse signal to a squarer stage T2 whose negative-going output is applied to trigger a monostable stage T3, the positive- and negative-going voltage excursions on whose emitter are limited by rectifiers D8, D7 connected to a potential divider chain R16-R19 and to the base and collector respectively and by a rectifier D4 connected between the base and emitter. One of several capacitors Cm1, Cm2, Cm,3 selectable by a switch S2 and an A.C. meter M with associated rectifiers D5, D6, connected in series between the emitter and earth, thus enables the mean A.C. current through the capacitor Cm and frequency of the signal to be measured. The connection between capacitor C5 and rectifier D3 in the input to transistor T3 may be connected through rectifiers D10, D9 to the potential divider to limit the triggering voltage applied to transistor T3. Calibration is effected by connecting switches S1, S1<SP>1</SP> to their upper position to apply double the mains frequency from the full wave rectifier to the stage T1. Capacitor C6 and resistor R13 then differentiate the output of T2 to apply triggering pulses to the emitter as well as base of the monostable stage T3, i.e. further double the frequency which is then compared with the scale reading on the meter M. Alternatively, a bi-stable single transistor circuit switched on and off by alternate pulses may be employed, with the meter between collector and earth. In a modification employing not, as above, point contact transistors but junction transistors, the applied signal is limited between upper and lower levels, then amplified and applied to a saturating amplifier with earthed emitter, a selectable capacitor and A.C. measuring meter with associated rectifiers being connected between the collector and earth to measure the frequency, and the collector voltage excursion being limited by a rectifier connected to a fixed potential. A Kalium cell or a Zener diode in series with the applied operating voltage may be employed as a reference stabilized voltage source for calibrating the meter. Alternatively, a junction transistor multivibrator may be employed. Temperature changes may be compensated by a thermistor. The frequency meter can be employed as a tachometer when combined with a photo-cell (vacuum, gassed-filled, photo-transistor, or lead sulphide cell) energized, e.g. by light reflected from a white spot on a rotary shaft.
Patent GB-249154-A (GB)
Title: Improvements in or relating to telephone systems
IPC: H04Q3/42
Filed: 1925-04-23
Abstract: 249,154. Automatic Telephone Manufacturing Co., Ltd., (Assignees of Stehlik, R. F.). Aug. 22, 1924, [Convention date]. Drawings to Specification. Automatic exchange systems.-A calling line is connected to a first group selector over primary and secondary finder switches which are assigned respectively by primary and secondary allotters and are set into operation independently as soon as a call is initiated. The invention is described with reference to a system indentical with that described in Specification 238,851 in which the primary finders are set by two sets of numerical impulses whilst the secondary finders are simple hunting switches and are controlled by a common test relay associated with the secondary allotter. A primary finder is marked non-selectable to the primary allotters if all the secondary finders which have access thereto are busy. Both primary and secondary allotters are prevented from hunting if no finders under their control are available for use. The primary allotting means comprises two interlinked switches which move in synchronism and are so arranged that only one has its wipers engaging with their bank at the same time.
Patent GB-327259-A (GB)
Title: Improvements in or relating to means for transmitting wireless signals at a constantfrequency
IPC: H03B5/10
Filed: 1929-03-04
Abstract: 327,259. Dicker, S. G. S., (Naamlooze Vennootschap Philips' Gloeilampenfabrieken). March 4, 1929. Thermionic generators.-In order to maintain the output from a valve generator 4 at constant frequency, particularly when used in a modulating system, the valve is adjusted to work on such a point of the plate-current grid-voltage characteristic curve that in the oscillating and non- oscillating states the direct anode current is the same. At this setting the influence of those factors that change with the operating point to influence the generated frequency is stated either to be constant or equal to zero. The adjustment is made by varying the grid bias at a given anode voltage, the direct anode current being taken (a) in the oscillatory state as shown in the drawing, and (b) when the grid inductance 5 is shortcircuited so that the valve does not oscillate.
Patent GB-1149952-A (GB)
Title: Improvements in or relating to cash registers or calculating machines
IPC: B41J11/50
Filed: 1966-02-17
Abstract: 1,149,952. Cash registers; calculating machines. ANKER-WERKE A.G. 17 April, 1966 [3 May, 1965], No. 7003/66. Headings G4B and G4T. A cash register or calculating machine includes a record strip 5 and a separable voucher strip 6 superimposed at a printing station A for simultaneous printing on both strips, a feeding device controlled by manually operable keys in the cash register or calculating machine for feeding the record strip firstly in a reverse direction and then a forward direction during each entry and totalling cycle to advance the record strip by one step overall during each cycle and feeding the voucher strip by one step during an entry cycle and a plurality of steps during a totalling cycle, and a printing block 15 in rolling contact with the voucher strip during a totalling cycle to print fixed information on the voucher strip. During each machine cycle, a main drive shaft 26 is driven through one revolution to oscillate a gear segment 31 driving a toothed segment 32. A pawl 39 on the segment 32 engages a ratchet 42 fast with shaft 4 to rotate feed roller 3. The pawl 39 is maintained in engagement with ratchet 38 during counterclockwise movement by engagement of a pin 39a on the pawl with an edge of a slot 1a in a side wall until the pin enters the enlarged area 1d to release the ratchet for one step. Thus the record strip is moved counterclockwise by the roller 3 through six steps to position the last line of print above the print station. During clockwise movement of the segment 31, the pawl 39 engages the ratchet 38 throughout, to feed the record strip by seven steps whereby the last line of print is moved into a window in the cash register. A second pawl (44) on the segment (32) rotates a ratchet (42) on the shaft (4) to drive a shaft (22) through gears (46), (47) during counterclockwise movement to feed the voucher strip by one step, Fig. 5 (not shown). The ratchet 42 is locked during clockwise movement. During total taking, rod 24 is operated to pivot the support 10 and press printing roller 14 against the voucher strip during clockwise rotation of the roller 3 to feed both strips forwardly by seven steps and print fixed information on the voucher strip.