Patent GB-1267934-A (GB)
Title: Improvements in or relating to the removal of salts from liquids using ion exchangers
IPC: B01J47/10
Filed: 1969-05-23
Abstract: 1,267,934. Ion exchange. MANNESMANN A.G. 23 May, 1969 [30 May, 1968], No. 26362/69. Heading B1J. In the removal of at least one ionic constituent of a salt from a liquid, for example water, by passing the liquid upwardly through a vessel containing ion exchange material, the rate of flow of the liquid through the vessel is sufficiently high to ensure that the ion exchange material forms a solid bed in the vessel and exhausted ion exchange material is discharged from the vessel continuously without interruption of the liquid flow therethrough, is regenerated and is returned to the bottom of the vessel; as illustrated in Figure 1, liquid 1 is supplied to the bottom of a vessel 2 containing a solid bed of ion exchange material 3 and a drainage system 4 by means of which treated liquid 5 is withdrawn from the vessel, exhausted ion exchange material 6 being withdrawn, together with part of the treated liquid, from the top of the vessel and, after regeneration thereof in column 7, being returned to the bottom of the vessel. In order to effect total removal of a salt from the liquid, the ion exchange material may comprise both cation exchange material and anion exchange material, which materials have different specific gravities, the exhausted ion exchange material being separated in the vessel into cation exchange material and anion exchange material, which separated materials are separately withdrawn from the vessel, separately regenerated and thereafter remixed prior to being returned to the vessel; as illustrated in Figure 2, liquid 1 is supplied to the bottom of a vessel 2 containing mixed ion exchange material 3 in the form of a solid bed constrained by a strainer plate 8 provided with strainers 9 and tubes 10, part of the treated liquid 5 being withdrawn from the vessel via a drainage system 13 and the remainder of the treated liquid passing upwardly through the strainers and, together with ion exchange material, through the tubes into the upper part of the vessel from which the remainder of the treated liquid is withdrawn via a drainage system 4 whilst exhausted ion exchange material of higher specific gravity is withdrawn through a funnel 11 to be regenerated in a column 14 and exhausted ion exchange material of lower specific gravity is withdrawn through a funnel 12 to be regenerated in a column 15, the regenerated ion exchange materials being mixed prior to being returned directly to the bottom of the vessel. Instead of being returned directly to the vessel, remixed regenerated ion exchange material may be passed, together with liquid which has been treated in the vessel, continuously to a second vessel containing ion exchange material for removing residual salt(s) from the liquid which flows, either upwardly or downwardly; through the second vessel at a rate which is sufficiently high to ensure that the ion exchange material forms a solid bed in the second vessel; Figure 3 (not shown) illustrates apparatus which comprises the apparatus illustrated in Figure 2, liquid which has been treated in the vessel of Figure 2 being passed, together with remixed regenerated ion exchange material, upwardly through a vessel similar to the vessel illustrated in Figure 1, from the top of which latter vessel partially exhausted ion exchange material and liquid are withdrawn continuously, the ion exchange material being withdrawn together with part of the liquid and being returned to the bottom of the vessel of Figure 2.