baber/WOPTO huggingface dataset:
Patent GB-610326-A (GB)
Title: Improvements in or relating to acrylonitrile
Filed: 1945-08-03
Abstract: <PICT:0610326/IV(b)/1> Acrylonitrile is prepared by subjecting ethylene cyanohydrin to dehydration heat treatment at a temperature of at least 140 DEG  C., in the presence of a residue resulting from heating ethylene cyanohydrin at a temperature of at least 140 DEG  C. for at least one and one-half hours, other than a residue obtained by heating ethylene cyanohydrin with a solid inorganic compound having an alkaline reaction.  With reference to Fig. 1, a reaction vessel 4 is charged with a mixture of ethylene cyanohydrin and residue maintained preferably at between 190 DEG  and 230 DEG  C. and ethylene cyanohydrin is fed in from a tank 1 at a rate sufficient to maintain the charge-level just above an overflow trap 8.  Emerging vapours of acrylonitrile, water and unchanged cyanohydrin pass from the reaction vessel to a fractionating tower 10, whereby unchanged cyanohydrin is refluxed back to the vessel 4 via line 11 and the vapours of nitrile and water pass on through a condenser 14 and cooler 15 to a separating vessel 16.  The lower water layer in the separator is led to a receiver 18 and the nitrile layer to a receiver 20.  Overflow liquid from the trap 8 may be returned to the reaction vessel through receiver 12, but is withheld when subsequently it is predominantly residue.  This process is illustrated by examples in which (1) the residue is formed in situ by charging the vessel with cyanohydrin and heating under reflux at about 220 DEG  C. bottom temperature for 1 1/2 hours and then continuously feeding more cyanohydrin as above and (2) the vessel is charged with residue from (1) and then cyanohydrin fed into the heated charge.  A graph (not shown) illustrates the rates at which the volumes of the various products are obtained in example (1). Specification 611,303 is referred to.  The Specification as open to inspection under Sect. 91 is not limited as regards the dehydration temperature and includes the use of a residue obtained by a heat treatment of the cyanohydrin lasting at least one hour at a temperature of at least 140 DEG  C., and states that dehydration may be effected under alkaline conditions.  A further example describes the dehydration of crude ethylene cyanohydrin, which itself contains sufficient residue, in the apparatus of Fig. 1.  This subject-matter does not appear in the Specification as accepted.
Patent GB-1428440-A (GB)
Title: Fermentative production of citric acid
IPC: C12P7/48
Filed: 1973-12-06
Abstract: 1428440 Citric acid INSTITUT FRANCAIS DU PETROLE and ENTREPRISE DE RECHERCHES ET D'ACTIVITES PETROLIERES (ELF) 6 Dec 1973 [8 Dec 1972] 20139/75 Divided out of 1428439 Heading C2C Citric acid is prepared by a continuous fermentation process in which a yeast is cultured in a first aerated fermentation zone containing at least one n-paraffin, at a dilution rate of 0À05 to 0À3 h.<SP>-l</SP>, and introducing the yeast culture to a second aerated fermentation zone with nutrient medium including at least one n-paraffin and with assimilable inorganic nitrogen in growth-liberating amount while maintaining a yeast growth rate of 0À01 to 0À04 h.<SP>-l</SP>, and recovering the citric acid accumulated in the second zone. The volume of the second zone is preferably from 5 to 20 times the volume in the first zone in which the pH is maintained at 2À5 to 6. The yeast cells are preferably concentrated by separating from the medium before the second stage. Yeast of genus Candida or mutant strains thereof may be used and α-picolinic acid may be added to the second stage.
Patent GB-830640-A (GB)
Title: Arrangement for the automatic actuation of a switch by a digit-carrying drum formingpart of a pulse counter
IPC: H04M15/10
Filed: 1958-06-24
Abstract: 830,640. Counting-apparatus. SODECO SOC. DES COMPTEURS DE GENEVE. June 24, 1958 [July 3, 1957], No. 20153/58. Class 106 (1). In an arrangement for actuating a switch 10 by a numeral wheel of a pulse counter, the numeral wheel 11 has a notch 12 and the upper elastic blade 13 of the switch bears, on an extension 14, a roller 15 riding on the periphery, of the numeral wheel, the switch being closed when the roller 15 falls into the notch 12. According to the invention, the numeral wheel digits are printed on a separate strip which is glued to the numeral wheel periphery.
Patent GB-1100307-A (GB)
Title: A device for holding the wefts in a loom
IPC: D03D43/00
Filed: 1965-05-13
Abstract: 1,100,307. Weft catcher for drop box loom. W. RAINER. 13 May, 1965 [21 May, 1964], No. 20209/65. Heading D1E. Two suction apertures 11 are provided in the back of each cell of a drop box (except the top and bottom cells, which have only one aperture) and a slide valve (not shown) is mounted on the back of the box with its slide 12 fixed to the loom frame. As the box moves up and down, the valve couples suction to the upper apertures of cells that are 'below the shuttle race and to the lower apertures of cells that are above the shuttle race to hold the wefts 6 taut; suction is not applied to the active cell.
Patent GB-1168988-A (GB)
Title: Improvements in or relating to apparatus for Dispensing Beverages
IPC: B67D1/14
Filed: 1966-10-14
Abstract: 1,168,988. Valves. AMETEK Inc. 14 Oct., 1966 [24 Oct., 1965], No. 20233/69. Divided out of 1,168,987. Heading F2V. A valve assembly for controlling the dispensing of beverages comprises a valve stem 137 reciprocable in a valve body defining a fluid passage between an outlet spout 200 and an inlet with a seat 201 for a valve gasket 217, a tubular guide 205 with an outer, permanently closed end preventing unauthorized operation of the valve and an inner, open end to slidingly receive an enlarged end 203 of the valve stem, a flexible seal 212 having enlarged ends 211, 213 secured respectively to the valve stem and to the open end of the guide 205 to prevent liquid from reaching the guide, and a key 218 dropped into cutouts 219 in the guide 205 and held in postion by a valve operating lever 129 to lock the guide 205 in the valve body. The valve stem is displaceable to an open position by the lever 129 which is moved against a spring bias by a solenoid or torque stall motor. The guide may be of p.t.f.e. to reduce sticking tendency of the valve stem.
Patent GB-573130-A (GB)
Title: Improvements in face shields
IPC: A61F9/06
Filed: 1943-12-04
Abstract: 573,130. Face-shields. SOUTHWARK MANUFACTURING CO., Ltd., and EAST, C. F. Dec. 4, 1943, No. 20311. [Class 97 (i)] A face-shield is formed from a blank of sheet material, such as that shown in Fig. 5, the main portion of which is bent to a part-cylindrical form, and the upper portion is slit and folded to a domed shape, the main portion having a rectangular opening 7 in which is secured a boxlike frame 18, Fig. 4, having its upper and lower rear edges curved to fit the shield and holding a window at the front. As shown, the upper part of the blank is formed with slots 5 extending laterally from V-notches 6 to enable it to be formed to a dome shape by overlapping and riveting together the three portions formed by the cuts. The frame 18 is formed with hollow ribs 31 at the sides, providing stops for a loose flange 33 which is placed over the inner end 36. This end is then inserted through the hole 7 in the shield and flanged outwardly over a washer 35 to secure the margins of the shield between it and the flange 33. Transparent or translucent panels 22, 23 of suitably coloured glass or plastic material are held in the frame 18 by a removable bowed spring clip 26, the sides of which engage in the channels provided by the hollow ribs 31. The mask is pivotally mounted on the turned-up ends of a head strap 44 secured to an adjustable head band 41. A disc on one pivot pin and secured to the mask is formed with a projection which snaps into one of a number of depressions in a disc carried by the head strap, so retaining the mask in any one of a number of positions of tilt.
Patent GB-875390-A (GB)
Title: Improvements in or relating to devices for adjusting and indicating the setting of variable electrical components in electrical apparatus
Inventor: STENNING LUIS CHARLES
IPC: H03J1/10
Filed: 1958-06-25
Abstract: 875,390. Adjusting radio tuning controls. GENERAL ELECTRIC CO. Ltd. June 23, 1959 [June 25, 1958], No. 20355/58. Class 40(5) [Also in Group XXIV] An adjusting means for an electrical component comprises two pulleys one mounted on a component drive shaft, and one of which, at least varies in diameter along its axial length. Each pulley has a helical groove running around it, in which a cord is arranged, such that when one shaft rotates the other rotates by an amount determined by the ratios of the radii of the grooves at the point of engagement between the cord and pulleys. A tuning capacitor 2 is driven via a reduction gear 6, by a drive shaft 5 on which is mounted two frusto-conical pulleys 7, 9 each having a helical groove 8, 10. A second shaft 11 to which is attached the control knob 23 carries two similar grooved pulleys 12, 13 and also a further pulley 18 which in conjunction with the pulley 20 operates an indicator 21 mounted on a cord 19. Cords 14, 17 are wound about the pulleys 7, 12 and 9, 13 respectively such that rotation of the shaft 11 rotates the shaft 5. The capacitor is of the type in which at any setting a given small rotation of the shaft produces the same percentage change in resonant frequency of the tuned circuit, and the radii of the wide and narrow ends of the pulleys 7, 9, 12, 13 are made such that a substantially linear relation between frequency and movement of pointer 21 is achieved.
Patent GB-531134-A (GB)
Title: Method of and apparatus for electrically measuring the wall thickness of metal tubing and for controlling the wall thickness
IPC: G01B7/06
Filed: 1939-07-12
Abstract: 531,134. Determining dimensions of materials. OKONITE-CALLENDER CABLE CO., Inc. July 12, 1939, No. 20362. Convention date, July 12, 1938. [Class 37] [Also in Group XXXV] Apparatus for detecting variations in wall thickness about the circumference of a metal tube comprises means for circulating current in the wall and for differentially comparing the potential difference generated between the extremities of a section of the wall with that similarly generated between the extremities of another section thereof or of a section of the wall of a standard tube. As shown diagrammatically in Fig. 5a, metal tube 8, for example, the lead sheath of a cable is surrounded by a coil 2 supplied with alternating current from a source 38, so as to cause an induced current to circulate in the tube. Pairs of contacts 40, 42, 44, 46 engage the tube at points 90 degrees apart around its circumference and are connected through transformers 48, 50, 52, 54 and rectifiers 56, 58, 60, 62 to indicating and recording potentiometers 74, 78. Diametrically opposite pairs of contacts are connected to a common potentiometer so as to indicate the difference in the potentials across each section and thereby indicate differences in wall thickness at opposite ends of a diameter. Alternatively, each pair of contacts 40, 42, 44, 46 may be connected with a similarly situated pair of contacts on a standard tube having similar currents induced therein, so that differences in potentials due to differences from standard thickness may be directly indicated. A construction of exciting coil and contacts is shown in Fig. 1. The coil 2 is mounted between end plates 4, 6 and is spaced from the cable sheath or tube 8 by four rollers 10 mounted on a plate 12 at one end of the coil and by four slides 14 mounted on a plate 6 at the other end of the coil. The rollers 10 are carried by brackets 16 which are individually adjustable by screws 18 so as to centre the coil with respect to the tube. The slides 14 are adjustable by screws 20. Each pair of contacts 22, constituting the pairs of contacts 40, 42, 44, 46, Fig. 5, is mounted on a holder 24 attached to a strip 26 fastened to the roller assembly. Pressure is applied to each pair of contacts by means of a steel wire 28, the pressure of which is adjustable by means of a strip 32 which can be locked in adjusted position by means of a screw 34. The conductors for the contacts are closely twisted, drawn into tubing, and finally run into an annular pipe 36 at the roller end of the coil. The potentiometers may be self-balancing recording instruments and may operate switches controlling electro-magnetically operated valves by which the gas supply to nozzles heating different parts of the die of an extrusion press is regulated. Inequalities in the thickness of the wall of the tube or sheath are thereby compensated by increasing the temperature of those parts of the die block corresponding to the thin parts of the tube.
Patent GB-188057-A (GB)
Title: Improvements in or relating to headlights and other lamps for vehicles
IPC: F21V14/02
Filed: 1921-07-29
Abstract: 188,057. Graves, A. July 29, 1921. Vehicle lamps; mounting electric lamps in lanterns.-In a vehicular head-light of the type in which a small hemispherical mirror is placed around the source of light in a parabolic or like reflector, one-half of the latter only being used, the source of light and the mirror are in fixed relationship to each other and are capable of adjustment in three dimensions to the reflector so that the source of light is capable of being brought to the focus or optimum position of the reflector and then withdrawn therefrom to another axial position to produce a beam free from glare. The lamp-bulb 9 with the lower half 10 silvered is carried by a spindle 10<a> passing through a split collar 10<b> secured to the centre of a ring 17<a> by a nut 10<c>. A washer 18 is carried in an annular recess in the ring 17<a> being gripped between this ring and a ring 17 which is provided with diametrically-opposite ears 17b carrying screws 19 which fit into a plate 13, the latter the rings 17, 17<a> and the washer 18 having apertures therein of greater diameter than the collar 10<b>. By loosening the screws 19 and moving the ring 17<a> in a plane at right-angles to the axis, the spindle 10<a> and its collar 10<b> may be adjusted in any direction radial to the axis, and the bulb 9 fixed in the optimum position by tightening up the screws 19. Longitudinal movement of the bulb 9 may then be effected by loosening the milled nut 11 on the collar 10<b> and tightening it up again when the spindle 10<a> and the bulb have been moved sufficiently in front of the focus of the reflector to produce a beam free from glare. The plate 13 is provided with spindles 14 which are supported by a fixed block 15 and are joined by a bridge-plate 14<a>, and is capable of longitudinal movement by a Bowden wire 12 so that the nature of the beam may be altered. The reflector 6 is carried by a frame 5 which is capable of slight movement about pivots 7 by means of a screw 8. If the lower half of the reflector is used, the upper part of the bulb is silvered and the bulb will then be adjusted so as to be in rear of the focus or optimum position of the reflector. The spindle 10<a> and the rings 17, 17<a> &c. may be mounted on a fitment which may be applied to existing lamps. In a modification, a lamp-bulb with two filaments may be used, the bulb being mounted so that one filament is at the focus or optimum position of the reflector and the other filament in advance or rear of this filament according as the upper or lower half of the reflector is used.
Patent GB-1312661-A (GB)
Title: Electrophotographic copying apparatus
IPC: G03G15/04
Filed: 1970-04-28
Abstract: 1312661 Electro-photographic processes CANON K K 28 April 1970 [28 April 1969] 20465/70 Heading G2H A member 1 having a photo-conductive layer and an insulating surface layer is charged with a first polarity and uniformly exposed to light at A; is charged with the opposite polarity (or A.C.) and imagewise exposed to an original at 9; and is uniformly exposed again at B; lamps 6 providing the light both for imagewise and uniform exposure by using apertured reflectors 7 1 . Figs.3 and 7, (not shown), depict alternative arrangements of lamps and reflectors for this purpose.
Patent GB-1269874-A (GB)
Title: Watch crown
IPC: F16J15/18
Filed: 1970-04-28
Abstract: 1,269,874. Watches. TIMEX CORP. April 28, 1970 [April 29, 1969], No. 20473/70. Heading G3T. A waterproof watch crown 1 has a plastics or metal body containing a resilient gasket 13 moulded from polyurethane so as to have a rim 14 and a tubular part 15. The rim 14 is compressed between a metal or hard plastics retaining washer 10 and a downwardly inclined shoulder 17 on the crown body. The tubular part 15 has an arcuate inner surface (16), Fig. 3 (not shown), which is compressed against a watch pendant (8) Fig. 1 (not shown) when the crown is in position on a ribbed or threaded watch stem (7). The hard washer 10 is clamped in place by a lip 11 or may alternatively be retained by glueing.
Patent GB-1481484-A (GB)
Title: Photocoagulator
IPC: G02B27/00
Filed: 1975-05-15
Abstract: 1481484 Photocoagulator CARL ZEISSSTIFTUNG [trading as CARL ZEISS] 15 May 1975 [21 May 1974] 20495/75 Heading G2J A photocoagulator comprising a gas discharge lamp 1 and a light output path 5 perpendicular to the axis of the lamp, a lens 6 in the path 5 for forming an image of the luminous plasma region of the lamp, a mirror 8 for forming a second image of the region, and a plurality of interchangeable field stops, 15, in the path 5 for adjusting the size of the coagulation area, has manually operable means for moving the lamp along its axis relative to the mirror to adjust the separation of the images relative to the selected stop, 15, and means for illuminating the side of the stop, 15, facing the coagulation area, see e.g. Fig. 5 (not shown), where (17) is a light pipe. Separation of the images, see Fig. 3 (not shown), is adjusted by rotating a ring 12 to move sleeves 3, 4 axially of a sleeve 2, and by tilting the sleeve 4 in the sleeve 3 by means of the screws 9, 10.
Patent GB-950740-A (GB)
Title: Electroluminescent device
IPC: H04N3/14
Filed: 1960-06-10
Abstract: An electroluminescent display system comprises an electroluminescent panel having an electroluminescent layer, a first set 36 of N separate parallel electrodes secured to one surface of the layer and a second set 34 of M separate parallel electrodes secured to the opposite surface of the layer, the first set 36 and second set 34 of electrodes being mutually perpendicular, whereby the panel contains MN electroluminescent cells, first means 38-58 for supplying an entire pulse train to one of the first set 36 of electrodes and thereafter for supplying the entire train successively to each of the remaining first set electrodes in timed sequence, the train containing M equi-distantly spaced pulses of like polarity, and second means 10-30 for supplying a separate pulse to each of the second set 34 of electrodes are for repeating this process until the pulse train has been supplied to each of the first set 36 of electrodes. Successive separate pulses are opposed in instantaneous polarity to the pulses of the train and are in time coincidence with successive pulses in the corresponding pulse train whereby each of the electroluminescent cells is energized in sequence, the pulse duration of each separate pulse and each pulse in the pulse train having values such that each energized cell is deenergized prior to excitation of the next cell.
Patent GB-881927-A (GB)
Title: Improvements in or relating to the production of amides and lactams
IPC: C07D201/04
Filed: 1959-06-16
Abstract: Amides or lactams are prepared by bringing an oxime in the vapour phase in contact with a silica/alumina catalyst.  Preferred reaction temperatures are 130 DEG C.-500 DEG C., and the catalyst preferably contains more than 5% of silicon (estimated as SiO2) and more than 5% of aluminium (estimated as Al2O3).  Cycloalkanone oximes produce lactams (e.g. cyclohexanone oxime produces caprolactam); other reactants specified are dialkyl ketoximes, diaryl ketoximes, alkyl aldoximes and aryl aldoximes, which produce the corresponding amides. The catalyst may be in a fixed or fluidised bed.  According to the Provisional Specification, the catalyst may be an acid-reacting catalyst, such as an acid, e.g. H3PO4, on a solid support, which is preferably silicious, e.g. diatomaceous earth, Kieselguhr, porous silica, or may be an aluminium silicate, such as fullers earth, bentonite or montmorillanite.  Other specified acids are silico molybdic and molybdic acids.  The catalyst may be an acid-reacting salt, such NaHSO4; cadmium hydrogen phosphates or cadmium copper hydrogen phosphates, as in Specification 460,659; calcium copper hydrogen phosphate, as in Specification 535,062; copper pyrophosphates, as in Specifications 518,749 and 521,891; or Friedel-Crafts catalysts.  A silica/magnesia catalyst is also specified.  This matter does not appear in the Complete Specification.
Patent GB-236074-A (GB)
Title: Improvements in or relating to devices for packing ribbons, tapes, lace, and the like in roll or spool form
IPC: B65H16/02
Filed: 1924-09-02
Abstract: 236,074. Kennedy, F. F., and Kennedy, E. Sept. 2, 1924. Rolls of fabric.-A protective casing for a roll a of ribbon, tape, lace, &c. wound on a spindle c between two discs b comprises a yoke d of paper, cardboard, or metal, having side plates disposed on opposite sides of the roll and rotatably mounted on the spindle, a slit e or guide for the end f of the ribbons &c. being provided in a piece connecting the plates. The yoke may carry a protective strip g of black paper to protect the roll from the effects of light and dust. The device may be rotatably mounted on a spindle h. The spindle h may comprise a rotatable holder.
Patent GB-668371-A (GB)
Title: Improvements in or relating to shuttering for use in erecting arched roofs, floors, ceilings and similar arched structures formed in concrete and like material
Inventor: HAWES ALBERT HENRY
IPC: E04G11/36
Filed: 1948-08-06
Abstract: 668,371. Shuttering for casting arched roofs &c. in situ. KWIKFORM, Ltd. Aug. 5, 1949. [Aug. 6, 1948] No. 20767/48. Class 20(ii). Shuttering for erecting arched roofs, floors, ceilings &c. comprises shuttering plates 10, Figs. 1, 2 constructed as described in Specification 668,372 and supported upon T-sectioned arched ribs each made in curved sections 19 detachably connected together by fish plates 20, each section 19 being independently supported by purlins 25 in turn supported by extensible struts 27. The arrangement is such that the sections 19 and plates 10 adjacent the crown of the arched roof can be removed with disturbing the shuttering plates and supports of the remainder of the structure. The ends of adjacent sections 19 are spaced a short distance apart at 23, Fig. 2, and the webs are chamfered as shown at 24 to permit ease of removal The purlins 25, which may be of hollow construction built up from a number of connected extensible beams as described in Specification 574,457, are secured to the sections 19 by clamps 26 as described in Specification 668,378. The shuttering plates are secured to the ribs by clamps 16 as described in Specification 668,372. Instead of shuttering plates constructed as described in Specification 668,372/48, flexible plates of the form described in Specification 668,379 may be used.