Patent GB-1069364-A (GB)
Title: Improvements in or relating to polyvinyl halide resins
IPC: C08F14/20
Filed: 1964-09-17
Abstract: Polyvinyl halide dispersions are prepared by a process which comprises polymerizing a vinyl halide in an aqueous medium in the presence of a polymerization initiator and a surface-active agent, separating the vinyl halide polymer resin from the reaction mixture, washing the resin with a wash solvent to remove the surface-active agent therefrom and blending the solvent-containing resin with a latent solvent effective for coalescing the resin when heated. The vinyl halide may be vinyl fluoride. Polymerization may be effected in suspension in the presence of conventional monomer-soluble initiators and suspending agents, or in emulsion in the presence of water-soluble initiators and emulsifying agents, many suitable initiators and surface-active agents being listed.  Many suitable wash solvents are listed, including water, alcohol, esters, ketones, aliphatic and aromatic hydrocarbons and halogen-substituted hydrocarbons, ethers and aqueous solutions of acids and bases.  Many suitable latent solvents are listed, including sulphones, sulphoxides, nitriles, carbonates, amides, amines, heterocyclic compounds, lactones, nitro compounds, ketones and esters, particularly dimethyl acetamide, dimethyl formamide, dimethyl sulphoxide and N-methyl-2-pyrrolidone.  The dispersions may be used to coat leather, textiles, resins, wood, stone, cement, concrete and metals.  In examples, vinyl fluoride is polymerized in aqueous media in the presence of methyl cellulose, lauroyl peroxide and (A) stearyl dimethyl benzyl ammonium chloride and isopropanol, (B) alkaryl polyether alcohol and isopropanol, (C) alkaryl polyether alcohol and titanium dioxide, and (D) magnesium lauroyl sulphonate and isopropanol; and (1) resin (A) is washed with methanol, (2) resin (B) is washed with methanol, (3) resin (C) is washed with methanol and (4) resin (D) is washed with water, acetone or methanol, the washed resins being blended with dimethyl acetamide.ALSO:Substrates may be coated by applying thereto dispersions prepared by polymerising a vinyl halide in an aqueous medium in the presence of a polymerisation initiator and a surface active agent, separating the vinyl halide resin from the reaction mixture, washing the resin with a wash solvent to remove surface active agent therefrom and blending the solvent-containing resin with a latent solvent effecting for coalescing the resin when heated, and heating the coating to effect coalesce of the resin. Specified substrates are leather, cloth, resins, wood, stone, concrete, cement, glass and metals, e.g. steel, aluminium, iron, p  magnesium, nickel and alloys thereof; and the coatings may be applied by spraying, dipping or roller- or knife-coating.  The preferred vinyl halide is vinyl fluoride, which may be copolymerised with vinylidene fluoride, vinyl chloroacetate, chlorostyrene or chlorobutadiene.  Many suitable wash solvents are listed including water, alcohols, esters, ketones, aliphatic and aromatic hydrocarbons and halogen-substituted hydrocarbons, ethers, and aqueous solutions of acids and bases.  Many suitable latent solvents are listed, including sulphones, sulphoxides, nitriles, carbonates, amides, amines, heterocyclic compounds, lactones, nitro compounds, ketones and esters; particularly dimethyl acetamide, dimethyl formamide, dimethyl sulphoxide and N-methyl-2-pyrrolidone. The coatings may also comprise conventional plasticisers, pigments, fillers, stabilisers and fungicides; and may be post-cured at a temperature higher than that used in the coalescence.  In examples polyvinyl fluorides prepared in the presence of methyl cellulose and (A) stearyl dimethyl benzyl ammonium chloride and (B) alkaryl polyether alcohol together with (C) titanium dioxide are washed with methanol; and polyvinyl fluoride prepared in the presence of methyl cellulose and (D) magnesium lauroyl sulphonate is washed with water, acetone or methanol; and the washed resins blended with dimethyl acetamide and coated on (A to C) glass and (D) glass or aluminium.