baber/WOPTO huggingface dataset:
Patent GB-347164-A (GB)
Title: Process for obtaining mineral oil sulphonates
IPC: C07C309/62
Filed: 1929-10-18
Abstract: Mineral oil sulphonates relatively free from oil are obtained by extracting sulphonated mineral oil with such a quantity of an aqueous solution of organic solvent that the concentration of the sulphonates in the solvent is less than 20 per cent by weight. Aqueous alcohol of 45-70 per cent strength by weight, especially 65-70 or 45-50 per cent, is suitable as solvent.  The oil-free sulphonic acids are excellent emulsifying and fat-splitting agents.  In an example, lubricating stocks are repeatedly treated with 5-10 per cent of fuming sulphuric acid until no further sludging takes place.  The sludge-free oil is extracted with an equal weight of 70 per cent alcohol, and the mixture centrifuged or allowed to settle into layers.  The solution of sulphonic acids is exactly neutralized, and heated to evaporate or distil over the alcohol or water. Specifications 19676/12 and 127,159, [both in Class 91, Oils &c.], are referred to.ALSO:Mineral oil sulphonic acids relatively free from oil are obtained by extracting sulphonated mineral oil with such a quantity of an aqueous solution of organic solvent that the concentration of the sulphonates in the solvent is less than 20 per cent by weight.  Aqueous alcohol of 45-70 per cent strength by weight, especially 65-70 or 45-50 per cent, is suitable as solvent. The oil-free sulphonic acids are excellent emulsifying and fat-splitting agents.  In an example, lubricating stocks are repeatedly treated with 5-10 per cent fuming sulphuric acid until no further sludging takes place.  The sludge-free oil is extracted with an equal weight of 70 per cent alcohol, and the mixture centrifuged or allowed to settle into layers.  The solution of sulphonic acids is exactly neutralized, and heated to evaporate or distil over the alcohol and water.  Specifications 19676/12 and 127,159, [both in Class 2 (iii), Dyes &c.], are referred to.
Patent GB-629795-A (GB)
Title: Improvements relating to the manufacture of alternating electric current rectifiers
IPC: H01L21/16
Filed: 1947-12-02
Abstract: 629,795. Asymmetrically-conducting resistances. WESTINGHOUSE BRAKE & SIGNAL CO., Ltd., SHEPPARD, E. A., and GLOVER, B. W. Dec. 2, 1947, No. 31767. [Class 37] A method of manufacturing copper oxide rectifiers comprises heating copper blanks to approximately the normal oxidation temperature in an atmosphere consisting wholly or mainly of steam, prior to the actual oxidation treatment in air or other reducing agent. In an example, copper blanks are introduced into a furnace containing steam at 1025‹ C. After 3 minutes the steam is removed and atmospheric air substituted for it, in which atmosphere the blanks remain for a further 4 minutes. They are then transferred to a second furnace containing atmospheric air at 530‹ C., after which treatment the blanks are quenched in known manner. If desired, the steam in the first treatment may be mixed with a small proportion of air, e.g. 10 per cent, which percentage must be determined by trial and error depending on the impurities in the copper blanks.
Patent GB-1088335-A (GB)
Title: Improvements in silage-making
IPC: A23K50/15
Filed: 1966-07-15
Abstract: A mixture of Na, Ca and Mg dihydrogen phosphates having the weight ratios .Na/Ca .. .. ...0.9-1.3 .Mg/Ca .. .. ...0.5-0.65 .and P/Ca .. .. ...1-4.5 is prepared by reacting Ca2(PO4)2 with H2SO4, Na2SO4, and MgSO4 in the required proportions. (NH4)2SO4 may also be used, to form NH4H2PO4 in the mixture.  The Ca3(PO4)2 may be apatite from which F, As and Cr has been removed.ALSO:A silage additive comprises a mixture of Na, Ca, and Mg dihydrogen phosphates having the weight ratios: .Na/Ca.0.9-1.3 .Mg/Ca.0.5-0.65 .and P/Ca.1-4.5 Other ingredients may be NaCl, CaCO1, MgSO4, Ca formate, acetate, or lactate, (NH4)3PO4, NH4H2PO4, sugar, starch, urea, and trace elements (Fe, Cu, Mn, Zn and Co sulphates, ammonium molybdate, and Kl).  The composition may be sprayed on to green fodder as a liquid emulsion, or mixed in solid form, in amounts of 0.4-2% by wt.  Examples of various compositions, and their use with silage from meadow grass, mixed clover and pasture grass, and corn, are given.
Patent GB-736870-A (GB)
Title: Improvements in or relating to the preservation of organic matter
Inventor: FRANDSEN LAWRENCE
IPC: A23L3/3508
Filed: 1952-12-16
Abstract: Bacterial and fungal decomposition of tissues, cell contents and secretions of animal and vegetable origin is prevented by use of a solution of 3.5-9 parts of maleic acid to not more than 32,000 parts of water in conjunction with sodium benzoate and/or boric acid. Materials so preserved are exemplified by easily perishable foods such as fish, shellfish, lettuce, cauliflower, celery, kale and carrots in the raw state, cooked crab, apple, orange and grapefruit juices, oranges, lemons, grapefruits, tangerines and guavas.  The solution may be used as ice, the ice being permitted to melt gradually in contact with the material. Compositions for preparing the solution are exemplified by 3.5-9 parts of maleic acid with 4-8 parts of sodium benzoate and/or 1-4 parts of boric acid.
Patent GB-1088129-A (GB)
Title: Metalised thermoplastic resin compositions
IPC: B44C3/04
Filed: 1965-07-27
Abstract: A composition comprises a thermoplastic resin matrix having dispersed therein metal-coated thermoplastic resin particles, the resin of the particles having a softening point below the temperature of thermal decomposition of the composition.  The particles are prepared by cutting sheets of resin, the opposite sides of which have been metallized with e.g. Au, Cu, Zn, Cd, Ag or Al.  The matrix and particles preferably consist of homopolymers of vinyl or vinylidene halides or copolymers of these monomers with vinyl acetate, or a vinyl chloride-vinylidene chloride copolymer.  When the matrix is polyvinyl chloride a plasticizer, e.g. a phthalate or adipate ester, an organic phosphate or a polypropylene glycol adipate is included. The composition may also include a filler, e.g. clay or CaCO3 and a pigment.  In Example 1, polyvinyl chloride film incorporating (a) an organotin mercaptide and (b) stearic acid is coated with Al, which is then optionally anodized.  The film is masticated to produce particles which are blended with a polyvinyl chloride matrix containing (c) dioctyl phthalate, an epoxidized soy bean oil and (e) an alkyl-aryl phoshite Ba-Cd complex and moulded to form tiles. In Example 2, metallized particles prepared as in Example 1 are blended with a polyvinyl chloride matrix containing (b), (c), (e) and an epoxidized oil.  The matrix of Example 2 is blended in Example 3 with Al-coated particles of polyvinyl chloride, polymethyl methacrylate, polystyrene or polyethylene and the Al-coated particles of Example 1 are blended in Examples 4 to 6 with a matrix of polymethyl methacrylate, polyethylene or polystyrene.  In Examples 7 to 9, both the matrix and the Al-coated particles consist of polyethylene, polystyrene or polymethyl methacrylate.
Patent GB-1089397-A (GB)
Title: Apparatus comprising a stirred vessel for conducting processes
Inventor: WINN RICHARD BABINGTON
IPC: B01F15/00
Filed: 1964-08-06
Abstract: 1,089,397. Continuous discharge stirring apparatus. IMPERIAL CHEMICAL INDUSTRIES Ltd. July 28, 1965 [Aug. 6, 1964], No. 32017/64, Heading B1C. A mixer, suitable for polymerisation processes, comprises a cylindrical vessel 5 having an entrance 6 and exit 7 and a stirrer rotatable about an axis coincident with or parallel 0 the axis of the cylinder such that the diameter of the annulus of material stirred is at least 60% of the diameter of the cylinder and the thickness of the annulus at least 50% of the radius of the cylinder. The stirrer comprises a shaft 3 with two or more webs 1 which may be perforated and have flanges 4 provided at their outer edges. The shaft may be rotated in an opposite direction to the webs or be replaced by a fixed hollow stator to permit flow of material therethrough during entry or discharge or the passage of heating or cooling fluids. The cylinder may be mounted horizontally or vertically and incorporate vent pipes for the removal of gaseous products and thermocouples. The stirrer may have a perforated baffle to divide the cylinder into two zones, possibly of different diameters, where different types of agitation are required.
Patent GB-410502-A (GB)
Title: Improvements in or relating to pneumatic seats, cushions, upholstery and the like
IPC: A47C27/08
Filed: 1932-11-14
Abstract: 410,502. Air cushions. MOSELEY & SONS, Ltd., D., Chapel Field Works, Ardwick, Manchester, and DOSSUNET, C., 51, Rue de Vincennes, Montreuil, Seine, France. Nov. 14, 1932, No. 32111. [Class 52 (iv).] The reeds 9 in an air cushion are so shaped as to form a concave seating surface. Reference has been directed by the Comptroller to Specifications 302,008, [Class 52 (iv)], and 340,506.
Patent GB-274714-A (GB)
Title: Improvements in apparatus for use with telephone mouthpieces
IPC: H04M1/19
Filed: 1926-12-20
Abstract: 274,714. Gamoty, L. J. Dec. 20, 1926. Mouthpieces and attachments. - An attachment for the mouthpiece of a telephone transmitter, which enables a conversation to be carried on privately whilst allowing free breathing to the person speaking, comprises a casing 1 having a mouthpiece 2, a flange 3 for attachment to the telephone mouthpiece 4 and end wings 6, 7 containing spaced plates 9, the openings 10 in which are in staggered relation to one another so that a circuitous path is given to sound waves impressed into the casing 1 before they are emitted from the end wings. The end wings are secured to the end walls 14 of the casing by screw rods 11 and thumb nuts 13, the plates 9 being secured on the rods 11 by nuts 12. The end walls 14 are provided with openings 15. In the modified construction, Fig. 5, the plates 9 are formed with pockets 16.
Patent GB-1043838-A (GB)
Title: Motor speed-regulating control circuits
IPC: H02P7/295
Filed: 1965-07-28
Abstract: 1,043,838. Automatic speed control. SINGER CO. July 28, 1965 [July 29, 1964], No. 32220/65. Heading G3R. [Also in Division H2] A motor having armature 10 and field winding 11 is supplied from A.C. source 15, 16, through silicon controlled rectifier 14 which is gate-controlled in response to the difference between the back- E.M.F. of the motor and a reference voltage from voltage divider 17, 18, associated with Zener diode 22. The time function of the field current is controlled by means comprising capacitor 25 which is charged through diode 23 when anode 12 is negative with respect to cathode 13. The capacitor is discharged through the field winding when the anode 12 becomes positive, the discharge current being in the same direction as the current supplied through rectifer 14. The rate at which the discharge current decreases depends upon the values. of components 24, 25, the feedback voltage VFB having a negative slope for stable speed control of the motor over a wide range.
Patent GB-1511837-A (GB)
Title: Abrasive grinding element and method of making the same
IPC: B24D18/00
Filed: 1975-06-25
Abstract: 1511837 Abrasive bodies ABRASIVE PRODUCTS Ltd 25 June 1975 [20 July 1974] 32230/74 Heading C4V A method of making an abrasive body comprises mixing together a quantity of abrasive granular material, a quantity of supporting additive containing up to 15% of spicular and laminar grains and having a grain size and grain shape generally similar to those of the abrasive material and a synthetic resin binder and forming from the mixture an abrasive body of desired shape by moulding. Preferably up to 99% of the spicular and laminar grains are removed. The supporting additive may be present in amount 10-35% by weight of the combined total with the abrasive material and the abrasive material may be carbonaceous of dolomitic limestone, bauxite, granite, marble or gypsum.
Patent GB-1375472-A (GB)
IPC: B65B55/04
Filed: 1972-07-10
Abstract: 1375472 Packaging machines ALPURAKORECO AG 10 July 1972 [9 July 1971] 32256/72 Heading B8C A packaging machine arranged to form a tube from a web of packaging material 52, and having a filling pipe 12 arranged to project generally downwardly into the tube, comprises supply and distribution means, 18, 19, arranged to apply sterilizing liquid to the outer surface of the filling pipe 12 which is provided with an outwardly-projecting annular dish 16 at its lower end for collecting the sterilizing liquid, means 11, 20, 21 being arranged to heat the dish 16 to vaporize the sterilizing liquid. As shown, a jacket 11 encloses the lower end of the feed pipe 12, Fig. 1, to define an annular space 13, the lower wall 15 of the jacket being extended outwardly to form the receiver dish 17 for collecting sterilizing liquid. In order to sterilize the pipe about 20 c.c. of sterilizing liquid such as a 20-40% concentration solution of hydrogen peroxide, which may be preheated, is supplied, through a pipe 19, to a set of nozzles 18 which spray the solution, as a film, on to the outside of the jacket 11, the solution being caught by the dish 17. A supply of heating medium, such as superheated steam, or hot air, is then supplied, for a period of about four minutes, to the annular space 13 through a pipe 20 to evaporate the sterilizing liquid, the heating medium being discharged through a pipe 21. In a modification, Fig. 2, a perforated distribution partition 31 and an overflow dish 35 are located between the nozzles 18 and the dish 17. In a further modification, Fig. 3, when a vertically-movable pipe 45, closed by end walls at both ends, is in its lowermost position to close the outlet of an enclosing jacket 41, sterilizing liquid is supplied by the nozzles 44, to the dish 42 and then heating medium is supplied, by a pipe 47, to an upper isolated space 48 within the jacket 41 to pass through an opening 49 and into the interior of the movable pipe 45, the heating medium circulating within the filling pipe, as shown by the arrow 50, and being discharged through a pipe 51. After sterilization the heating medium is switched off, the supply pipe for the sterile material to be packaged is connected to the pipe 47, the pipe 45 is raised, and a flexible tube of packaging material 52, which is travelling downwards, is subsequently transversely sealed to form tetrahedral packs 56. The heating medium may be supplied to the filling pipe before the sterilizing liquid is supplied to the nozzle 18.
Patent GB-668290-A (GB)
Title: Improvements in or relating to methods of preparing modified polystyrene, and to compositions containing the same
IPC: C08F8/00
Filed: 1948-12-14
Abstract: Polystyrene is reacted with anester having the structural formula <FORM:0668290/IV (a)/1> wherein R1 is an alkyl radical having from one to twenty carbon atoms and R is a mono-olefinic hydrocarbon radical having from 9 to 19 carbon atoms, by heating in the presence of a Friedel-Crafts catalyst.  The ester is preferably an alkyl ester of oleic acid, such as lauryl, butyl or 2-ethyl-hexyl oleate.  The modified polystyrene may be added to petroleum products, particularly lubricating oils.  Samples have been furnished under Sect. 2 (5) of the reaction products of polystyrene with (a) n-butyl undecylenate and (b) methyl undecylenate.ALSO:Lubricating oil compositions contain a product obtained by reacting polystyrene with an ester having the structural formula: <FORM:0668290/III/1> wherein R1 is an alkyl radical having from one to 20 carbon atoms and R is a mono-olefinic hydrocarbon radical having from 9 to 19 carbon atoms, by heating in the presence of a Friedel-Crafts catalyst.  The ester is preferably an alkyl ester of oleic acid, such as lauryl, butyl or 2-ethyl hexyl oleate.  Samples have been furnished under Sect. 2(5) of the reaction products of polystyrene with (a) n-butyl undecylenate and (b) methyl undecylenate.
Patent GB-1513100-A (GB)
Title: Transcutaneous blood measuring instrument
IPC: G01N33/84
Filed: 1976-08-03
Abstract: 1513100 Transcutaneous blood measurements HEWLETT-PACKARD CO 3 Aug 1976 [8 Sept 1975] 32314/76 Headings G1A and G1B A device for measuring the concentration of a substance in blood on the surface of skin comprises a housing in which there is a measuring chamber where optical absorption is measured, a measuring fluid which can be drawn into the chamber, and a membrane which separates the blood and the fluid while allowing the substance to enter the fluid. In Fig. 3 the membrane 15 separates fluid in region 20 from the skin (not shown), and the fluid can be drawn into chamber 17 by moving a plunger 39 upwards; the extreme positions of the plunger are shown in the two halves of the chamber. Light passes from a source and set of filters, Fig. I (not shown) into the chamber via optical fibre 37; absorption is measured by detector 23 at wavelengths selected by the source filters. The fluid has absorption characteristics which vary with the amount of the substance to be measured; in the case of pH measurements, the substance is hydrogen ions, the membrane may be cellulose acetate, and the fluid contains phenol red. The device may be temperature regulated. The plunger may be transmissive to serve as a calibration for absorption measurements.
Patent GB-522517-A (GB)
Title: Improvements in or relating to film-winding means for sound reproducing or kinematograph apparatus
IPC: G03B21/43
Filed: 1938-11-08
Abstract: 522,517. Film winding and rewinding means. OTTO, R. S. Nov. 8, 1938, No. 32358. [Class 97 (i)] A pay-out spool is provided with a counter for the film turns removed, a motor for driving the spool during rewinding, and a switch operable by the counter to stop the motor after a predetermined number of turns have been rewound. As shown, film from a spool on a spindle 2 is fed by a sprocket 4 &c. in a casing 3 into a casing 6 containing sound - reproducing means, and thence, via the sprocket 4, to a take-up spool on a spindle 8, the mechanism being driven by a motor 7, and the spindle 8 by a belt and adjustable friction clutch from a pulley on the sprocket spindle. When rewinding is to be effected, the film is threaded so as to pass only round a roller 21 between the spools, and the spindle 2 is driven by a second motor 22, Fig. 7, carried by a spool arm 1. The roller 21 is mounted on a non-rotatable spindle 29, Fig. 4, and is held, by a spring 31 and friction washers 33, 34, in contact with a housing 28 rotatable through an angle limited by a lever 35, Fig. 1, thereon and fixed stops. A mercury switch 26 in the circuit of the motor 22 is carried by the housing 28, and the housing 28 is counterweighted so that normally the switch 26 is open. The motor 22, Fig. 7, drives the spindle 2 through belt pulleys 23, 25, and its armature 60 is pressed axially by a spring 58 so that the pulley 23 engages a brake pad 62, when the windings are not energized, and thus brakes the pay-out spool; during rewinding the field of the motor 22 moves the armature to separate the pulley 23 and pad 62. The spindle 2 is operatively connected to a counting device 53 having a reset knob 56, and the counting device is connected to a support 54 for a second mercury switch 27 in the circuit of the motor 22, The switch 27 is tilted and closed, during feeding of the film, and remains closed until operated by the counter to stop the rewinding. During rewinding, the rotation of the roller 21 produced by the film causes the switch 26 to remain closed so that the circuit of the motor 22 is completed. The friction clutch on the spindle 8 serves as a brake during rewinding, and means for adjusting it is described.
Patent GB-1366583-A (GB)
Title: Castors
IPC: B60B33/00
Filed: 1972-07-11
Abstract: 1366583 Castors FLEXELLO CASTORS & WHEELS Ltd 11 July 1972 32385/72 Addition to 1150617 Heading A4U A fork for a swivelling castor comprises parts 1, 2 which are formed separately from flat, substantially T-shaped blanks of mild steel, the cross-pieces 3 of the blanks being bowed and welded together at abutting surfaces 8 to form a cylindrical socket receiving a ball race 9 for a spindle carried by, or inserted in, an article of furniture. The ball race rests on a rebate 6, formed by counter-boring the socket and is retained by an inwardly rolled, machined lip 7. An axle assembly for a wheel or roller is located in cylindrical bores 5. The parts may be secured together by brazing or adhesive.
Patent GB-798919-A (GB)
Title: Scouring cleansers
IPC: C11D3/20
Filed: 1956-10-24
Abstract: A scouring cleanser comprises 80-95 parts by weight of silica, 1-5 parts of a higher alkylbenzene sulphonate detergent having at least 8 carbon atoms in the alkyl group, 3-10 parts, preferably 4-8 parts, of tartaric acid, and 1-5 parts of bentonite, the composition having a pH of 2.5-3.5 in a 1 per cent aqueous slurry.  The silica used should be at most 200 mesh, preferably at most 325 mesh, and is suitably the product known under the name "Silex."  The alkylbenzene sulphonate should be at most 10 mesh, preferably 20-200 mesh, and the amount of water-soluble inorganic sulphate, such as sodium sulphate, contained in it should be such that the sulphate does not exceed about 2 per cent by weight of the final composition.  The tartaric acid should be at most 80 mesh, preferably at most 100 mesh, while the bentonite should be at most 200 mesh, and preferably about 350 mesh.  The compositions may also contain compatible perfumes, colouring materials, germicides, accelerators, and anti-redeposition agents.
Patent GB-361556-A (GB)
Title: Improvements in means for mechanically towing vessels on waterways
IPC: B63B21/56
Filed: 1930-10-29
Abstract: 361,556. Towing. SCHWARZ, W., 11, Von der Tannstrasse, Altona-on-Elbe, and PIPER, H., 9, Finkenstrasse, M³nster, Westphalia, both in Germany. Oct. 29, 1930, No. 32487. [Class 114.] Devices for towing barges along rails suspended over waterways comprisecounterbalanced arms f mounted fore and aft of the craft. A limited transverse movement of the arms controlled by springs w is secured by mounting them on central pivots m. The upper ends of the arms are connected by ball-and-socket joints g to a trolley h which by means of friction wheels k is propelled along the rail c pivotally suspended by the arms b from the standards a. The friction wheels, which may be driven by electric motors, are pressed against the rails by the pneumatic or hydraulic cylinders q. The towing arm l for the train of barges is connected to the middle of the trolley h by means of a universal joint comprising the bracket x, Fig. 6, on which the arm l works on the pivot and the roller l<2>, the bracket in turn working in the pivot u carried by the trolley h.
Patent GB-1244843-A (GB)
Title: Improvements in or relating to vehicle suspensions
Inventor: LAMBERT ALFRED WALTER
IPC: B60G11/107
Filed: 1967-07-14
Abstract: 1,244,843. Vehicle suspension. A. W. LAMBERT. 25 Sept., 1968 [14 July, 1967], No. 32516/67. Heading B7D. [Also in Division F2] In a vehicle suspension, two or more leaf springs 7a, 7b are connected to an axle 1 in closely spaced side by side relationship and are mounted between hanger brackets comprising bearing members 23a, 29a having rubber buffers 22a, 28a, and upper bearing members 25a, 25b, and 30a, 30b at different spacings from the spring leaves, whereby at light loads, only one spring is operative and as the load increases, the other springs come successively into operation. As shown, the upper bearing members are in the form of rollers of different diameters but coaxially disposed in each hanger bracket. In a modification, the upper bearing members are in the form of curved elongated abutments (39a, 43a, Fig. 5). The springs may be mounted upon the axle 1 through the intermediary of a saddle 16 and locating plate 13 and in a modification, Fig. 8, the springs are connected to the axle at different heights with the aid of identical spacer members 45a and 45b and are associated with end abutments of the same or differing heights. In the arrangement of Fig. 1, the suspension is a tandem suspension and the bracket 6 is an equalizer bracket.