Patent GB-1275314-A (GB)
Title: Improvements in and relating to shrimp and like peeling machines
Inventor: MATTIESEN ERIK HEDEAGER
IPC: A22C29/02
Filed: 1969-08-06
Abstract: 1275314 Shrimp peeling machines. E H MATTIESEN 6 Aug 1969 [6 Aug 1968 19 Feb 1969] 39342/69 Heading A2U A machine for peeling shrimps (or prawns) is of the kind comprising a pair of rollers mounted on parallel shafts 3, which may be inclined or horizontal, to provide a channel in which the shrimps are held down, e.g. by an endless band 38, or by a wheel 140, Fig. 6a, equipped with spikes 141, while the shells are loosened or/and partially removed by knife means, e.g. blades 16, Fig. 4, at the outlet ends of the rollers, or rows of pins 139, Fig. 6a on sections of the rollers preceding the final sections, wherein at least one of the rollers is divided into sections, such that opposed sections of the two rollers equipped with the knife means rotate in opposite directions with the knife means moving upwardly in the channel, as shown in Fig. 4, while other opposed sections of the rollers rotate in the same direction and operate with or without other assisting means to turn sidewise those shrimps which have their ventral sides facing upwards, whereby all the shrimps are orientated with their ventral sides downwards for peeling by the knife means, and wherein means is located beyond the end of the rollers for tearing the heads of the shrimps from their body portions. In the embodiment of Figs. 1a-4, the rollers are adjustable towards and away from each other, and each roller has sections 5, 8, 9, 11 and 14 which are secured to the shaft 3 and sections 7, 12 which are rotatable relative to the shaft. The shafts 3 and the sections fixed to them are rotated in opposite directions via sprocket wheels 18, while sections 7 and 12 on the two shafts are simultaneously given an oscillatory rotational movement, whereby they all rotate together in the same direction, first one way and then the other, by rubber drive rollers 20 on a shaft 21 journalled between and below the shafts 3, the shaft 21 being given an oscillatory rotation by cranks and linkage 23-25 from a drive shaft 26. The sections 9 have helical ribs to grip and transport the shrimps during their movement past an endwise orientating device comprising a wire loop 29 pivoted by means of a transverse shaft 28. Shrimps with their ventral sides upwards are consequently turned either once only by the roller sections 7, if they are originally disposed tail end first, since the wire loop 29 is then merely lifted by the shrimp in passing, or are turned three times, as shown, from the position 56 to the position 57 where the head is caught in the loop 29 which, after being raised to position 29', turns the shrimp over endwise, as at 58, the final sidewise turning by roller sections 12 bringing the shrimp to position 59. Shrimps original orientated as at 59 are of course not turned at all, so that all the shrimps end up with this orientation as they pass under driven belt 38, past knife means 16, to beheading device 55. The latter consists of centre disc 40 and outer disc 42 rotating in the opposite directions shown, disc 40 having a spike 55 to engage engage the tails of the shrimps while their heads engage between the discs 42, so that the heads are torn from the tail portions and are delivered in different directions. The tail portions then pass to further conventional devices for completing the peeling of those tail portions whose shell has not been removed by the knife means 16. In the embodiment of Figs. 5a-10, the shrimps are fed by a rotary hopper 124 to the gap between the two rollers, each of which has helical ribs over its entire length and of increasing pitch from section to section towards the outlet end. All sections of one roller are fixed for rotation together, while all but the last section of the other roller are fixed for rotation in the same direction, the last section having ribs of opposite hand and rotating in the opposite direction. The operation of loosening the shells by the pins 139 is therefore similar to that of the first embodiment except that roller 140 is used instead of a belt 38, but in this case the shrimps are not turned endwise but only sidewise, by angled guide plates 132, Fig. 6a to place all the shrimps with their ventral side downwards. Instead of guide plates, jets of water (Figs. 11-13, not shown) may be used. Following the sidewise turning, the ends of tail portions are griped by rollers 150, Fig. 9 to remove part of the shell, while the rest of the shell is loosened by the pins 139, assisted by jets of water 166 from nozzles 165. After leaving the rollers the shrimps, either head or tail first, are caught successively between three pairs of spiked rollers 155, 156, 157 of which the rollers 157 are driven at a higher speed than the other rollers, whereby the head and tail portions of the shrimps are torn apart.