Patent GB-104708-A (GB)
Title: Improvements in Flying Machines.
Inventor: JACKSON JAMES JESSE
IPC: B64C27/10
Filed: 1916-03-10
Abstract: 104,708. Jackson, J. J. March 10, 1916. Aerial machines without aerostats; cars; propelling; planes, arrangement of. - A flying- machine comprises a body sustained by oppositely revolving propellers of adjustable pitch which can also act as a plane for supporting the machine during a gliding flight controlled by an elevator; a tractor and a steering-propeller, both of adjustable pitch, being also provided. The car is oval in plan and has a rear extension 31, and the floor 2 has a central opening 4 to allow a clear path for the down-draught of the supporting-propellers. A motor 7 drives through a clutch 21 a forward tractor 9, and a motor 8 drives through gearing 17e and a clutch 17d a propeller 12 mounted on a transverse shaft, the blades of the propeller 12 normally lying in the plane of a vertical surface 3C having a hole 29 to accommodate the propeller. The motor 8 also drives through a one-way clutch 53 a bevel-wheel 51 gearing with wheels 49, 50 mounted respectively on a vertical shaft 36 and a concentric sleeve 37 carrying the propellers 10, 11. Steering and balancing; planes, construction of. -Each propeller 10, 11 consists of inner and outer rings connected together by radial members and connected to a similar pair of rings by vertical posts. A single annular, flexible surface is supported on the radial members by links 63 and arms 62, Fig. 11, by movement of which the surface may be adjusted to form a helix or a flat annular plane. Cords 64, 65 connect the various arms 62 to two sleeves 66, 40 slidably mounted on the shaft 36 and sleeve 37 respectively. The sleeve 40 is engaged by an arm 42 adapted to be raised and lowered by a screwed shaft 46 provided with a hand-wheel 48. The sleeve 66, Fig. 7, is connected by a rod 68, accommodated in a groove in the shaft 36, to a sleeve 38 engaged by an arm 41 adapted to be raised and lowered by a screwed shaft 45 provided with a hand-wheel 47. Fig. 18 shows a modification in which the surface is connected by links 63<1> to holes 62a in levers 62<1>, the connexions being made at different distances from the fulcrum to correspond with the requited displacement of that part of the flexible surface. A surface divided into three sections may be used instead of a single surface. The tractor 9 comprises two blades 14, 15 mounted within a ring 13 on radial spindles having cranks 20, Fig. 4, connected by links 19 to a rod 18 within the propeller shaft 17. The rear end of the rod 18 has a projection passing through a slot in the shaft 17 and engaging a groove in a sleeve 27, Fig. 1, connected by rods 26 to a hand-wheel 25 which engages a screwed part of the propeller-shaft bearing. The blades of the steering-propeller 12 are adjusted by a similar rod 18, Fig. 6, having a swivelled connexion with a rack-bar 18a, which is engaged by a pinion 18b on a shaft 18c provided with a hand-wheel 18d, Fig. 1. An elevator 32, occupying a vertical position when the flight is vertical, is operated by cords 33 to control horizontal flight. Parachutes.-When the pitch of the flexible surfaces is zero, they may act as parachutes, and mechanism is provided to ensure their adjustment to that position should the motor stop. The screwed shaft 45 has a one-way clutch connexion to a sprocket-wheel 72 geared by a chain 71 to a sprocket-wheel on the propeller shaft 36, so that as the propeller reverses under the action of the air when the machine falls, the shaft 45 is rotated and adjusts the pitch of the propeller 10. A similar connexion effects the adjustment of the propeller 11.