Patent GB-805550-A (GB)
Title: Petroleum fuel oil compositions
IPC: F02B3/06
Filed: 1956-11-30
Abstract: Petroleum fuel oils are stabilized against the formation of sediment and discoloration by the addition of a tertiary alkyl primary amine having 8-27 carbon atoms in the molecule and of an oil-soluble copolymer of an acrylic ester with an ethylenically unsaturated compound containing an amino group.  The fuel oils may be diesel fuels or oils for burning in domestic or industrial heating systems. They are heavy distillates or residues or blends of distillates and residues.  The tertiary alkyl primary amine may be 2,4,4-trimethyl-2-aminopentane or t-C12H25NH2.  The acrylic esters used in preparing the copolymer may be esters of acrylic acid, or an alpha alkyl derivative of acrylic acid, with aliphatic alcohols having an average of at least 8 carbon atoms per molecule. Suitable acrylic esters are the tridecyl, lauryl, cetyl and octadecyl esters of acrylic and methacrylic acids and the "Lorol" esters of these acids (the word "Lorol" being a Registered Trade Mark).  The polymerizable ethylenically unsaturated compounds containing an amino group, which compounds are used in preparing the copolymer, include the dialkyl amino-alkyl acrylates, such as betadimethylaminoethyl acrylate, the corresponding methacrylates and p-dimethylaminoethyl styrene. Included within the scope of the expression "compounds containing an amino group" are compounds wherein a nitrogen atom forms part of a heterocyclic ring, as in the case of the vinyl pyridines.  The amine and the copolymer may be added to the fuel oil as such or in the form of an oil concentrate, the oil used in preparing the concentrate being, for example, a neutral oil or a fuel oil.  In the examples, the fuel oils employed are blends of catalytically cracked petroleum stock and virgin petroleum stock, the tertiary alkyl primary amine employed is t-C12H25NH2 and the copolymer employed is "Lorol B" methacrylate/beta diethylaminoethyl methacrylate or "Lorol B" methacrylate/2-aminoisobutyl methacrylate copolymer. The effects of omitting the tertiary alkyl primary amine, omitting the copolymer, or replacing the tertiary alkyl primary amine by phenyl-2-naphthyl amine, or by a mixture of dialkylamines derived from coconut oil, are described.  Specification 734,632 is referred to.ALSO:A copolymer of "Lorol B" methacrylate (the word "Lorol" is a Registered Trade Mark) and 2-amino-2-methyl-1-propyl methacrylate is prepared by heating the monomers together, in the presence of toluene and alpha, alpha-azo-diisobutyronitrile, and then removing the toluene.  It is stated that a copolymer of "Lorol B" methacrylate and beta-diethylaminoethyl methacrylate may be prepared in an analogous manner.  Specification 734,632 is referred to.ALSO:2 - Amino - 2 - methyl - 1 - propyl methacrylate is prepared by adding sodium to 2-amino-2-methyl-1-propanol and heating the reaction product with methyl methacrylate so that the methanol-methyl methacrylate azeotrope is distilled off.  "Lorol B" methacrylate (the word "Lorol" is a Registered Trade Mark) is prepared by heating together "Lorol B" alcohol and methyl methacrylate in the presence of p-toluene sulphonic acid so that the methanol-methyl methacrylate azeotrope is distilled off. Specification 734,632 is referred to.