Patent GB-701814-A (GB)
Title: Water-dispersible dyestuff powders
IPC: C09B67/04
Filed: 1951-05-07
Abstract: A dyestuff powder which yields a stable dispersion in water is produced by subjecting a water-insoluble dyestuff to gaseous energy attrition to produce a powder of which the average particle size does not exceed 15 microns and the maximum particle size is not more than 60 microns, and incorporating therein, at any stage of the process, a finely comminuted solid pulverizable dispersing agent.  Dyestuffs mentioned are 1, 4- diamino -2-methoxy-anthraquinone, 4-nitro-4\sv- (bishydroxyethyl) -amino-azobenzene, 1-amino-4-anilido-anthraquinone, 1, 4, 5, 8-tetramino-anthraquinone, 4-amino-2\sv-methyl-4\sv-amino-5\sv-methoxy-azobenzene, 1, 4-dimethoxy-anthraquinone, 1, 5-diamino-4, 8-dinailido-anthraquinone, 4-nitro-2-chloro-4\sv-amino-azobenzene, 1-benzylamino-4-hydroxyethyl-amino-anthraquinone, 2-phenylazo-1-(5\sv-chlorophenyl)-3-methyl-5-pyrazolone, N-benzyl-N\sv, -methyl-1, 4-diamino-5-hydroxyanthraquinone, and 4 nitro-4\sv (b -hydroxyethylamino)-azobenzene; vat dyestuffs, such as flavanthrone, dichloro-N-dihydro-1, 2, 1\sv, 2\sv-anthraquinoneazine, N-dihydro-1, 2, 1\sv, 2\sv-anthraquinoneazine dimethoxy-dibenzanthrone, 4-4\sv-dibenzamido-1, 1\sv-dianthrimide-carbazole, pyranthrone, dibenzanthrone, and indigo and thio-indigo dyestuffs; and pigments such as copper phthalocyanine and chlorinated copper phthalocyanine.  Dispersing agents referred to are lignin sulphonates, for example, partially desulphonated sodium lignin sulphonate, dextrin, glue, gelatin, alkali casein, aqueous alkaline extract of liquorice root, surface-active organic high molecular weight sulphonates and sulphates, for example the 2-sodium sulphonate of tricarballylic acid trihexyl ester, dioctyl sodium sulpho succinate, sodium diisopropyl or dibutyl naphthalene sulphonate and formaldehyde condensation products of naphthalene sulphonic acids and sodium lauryl sulphate.  The dispersing agent may be mixed with inorganic colloids such as silica gel, colloidal clay, fullers earth and calcium, magnesium or aluminium silicates; stearic acid, fatty acid soaps, bis(2-hydroxyethyl)-sulphide, alkyl-aryl polyethylene glycols, lubricating oils, sugar, sodium carbonate and sodium sulphate may also be added.  The dispersing agent may be comminuted by gaseous energy attrition with the dyestuff or separately, for example by milling.  U.S.A., Specifications, 1,618,413, 2,032,827, 2,181,800, and Reissue 21,402 are referred to.ALSO:A dyestuff powder which yields a stable dispersion in water is produced by subjecting a water-insoluble dyestuff to gaseous energy attrition to produce a powder of which the average particle size does not exceed 15 microns and the maximum particle size is not more than 60 microns, and incorporating therein, at any stage of the process, a finely comminuted solid pulverizable dispersing agent. Dyestuffs mentioned are 1, 4-diamino-2-methoxy-anthraquinone, 4-nitro-41-(bishydroxy-ethyl)-amino-azobenzene. 1-amino-4-anilido-anthraquinone, 1, 4, 5, 8-tetramino-anthraquinone, 4-amino-21-methyl-41-amino-51-methoxy-azobenzene, 1, 4-dimethoxy-anthraquinone, 1, 5-diamino-4, 8-dianilido - anthraquinone, 4 - nitro - 2 - chloro-41-amino-azobenzene, 1 - benzylamino - 4 - hydroxy-ethylamine-anthraquinone, 2-phenylazo-1-(51-chlorophenyl)-3-methyl-5-pyrazolone. N-benzyl-N1,-methyl-1, 4-diamino-5-hydroxyanthraquinone.  8, 4 nitro-41-(B-hydroxyethylamino)-azobenzene; vat dyestuffs such as flavanthrone, dichloro-N-dihydro-1, 2, 11, 21-anthraquinoneazine N-dihydro - 1, 2, 11, 21-anthraquinoneazine dimethoxy-dibenzanthrone, 4-41-dibenz-amido-1.  11 - dianthromide - carbazole, pyranthrone, dibenzanthrone, and indigo and thioindigo dyestuffs, and pigments such as copper phthalocyanine and chlorinated copper phthalocyanine. Dispersing agents referred to are lignin sulphonates, for example partially desulphonated sodium lignin sulphonate, dextrin, glue, gelatin, alkali casein, aqueous alkaline extract of liquorice root, surface-active organic high molecular weight.  Sulphonates and sulphates, for example the 2-sodium sulphonate of tricarballylic acid trihexyl ester, dioctyl sodium supho succinate, sodium di-isopropyl or dibutyl naphahalene sulphonate and formaldehyde condensation products of naphthalene sulphonic acids and sodium lauryl sulphate. The dispersing agent may be mixed with inorganic colloids such as silica gel, colloidal clay, Fuller's earth and calcium, magnesium or aluminium silicates; stearic acid, fatty acid soaps, bis (2-hydroxy-ethyl)-sulphide, alkylaryl polyethylene glycols, lubricating oils, sugar, sodium carbonate and sodium sulphate may also be added.  The dispersing agent may be comminuted by gaseous energy attrition with the dyestuff or separately, for example by milling.  U.S.A. Specifications, 1,618,413, 2,032,827, 2,181,800 and Reissue 21,402 are referred to.