baber/WOPTO huggingface dataset:
Patent GB-277085-A (GB)
Title: Improvements in or relating to separating substances of dissimilar volatilities
IPC: C11B3/14
Filed: 1926-06-07
Abstract: 277,085. Wecker, E. June 7, 1926. Addition to 213,267 and 235,792. Purifying fats and mineral, fatty, and tar oils; fatty acids, obtaining.- Relates to separating volatile from non- volatile substances, e.g. fatty acids and substances which impart taste and odour from fats and oils, by heating in vacuo and injecting liquids such as water, toluol, alcohol &c, in a state of fine division and preferably as a mist suspended in a gaseous carrier such as saturated or superheated vapours, carbon dioxide, nitrogen, &c. The material from a storage tank 1 passes in succession through chambers 4 in which a definite level is maintained by an outlet pipe 5. A mist of liquid formed by an atomizer 10 in a chamber 11 is carried by a gas admitted by a pipe 12 through a pipe 8 leading to distributing nozzles 9 in each chamber 4. Vapours pass by a pipe 13 to a condenser 14, and the treated liquid is withdrawn through a cooler 6. The apparatus is evacuated through a pipe 18 and pipes 16, 17. The lower parts of the vessels 4 may be formed by aluminium or other metal not attacked by fatty acids and may be divided by partitions which may be corrugated to form a tortuous path for the liquid. The upper parts may be lined with non- conducting material or with a ceramic substance or quartz glass. To prevent neutral oil being carried over with the vapours of fatty acids, the vapours are scrubbed with fatty acids or oil containing fatty acids before passage to the cooler 14, for example, the vapours from the first and last of the chambers 4 may be passed through the oil in the middle chamber. The reaction chambers 4 may be superposed to form a column, the horizontal partitions of which may be heated electrically. The oil to be treated may be preheated by heat exchange with the treated oil in a vessel submitted to vacuum so as to remove gases from the oil, or in a heat-exchange formed by a coil of two concentric pipes embedded in heat insulating material. The mist of liquid may be formed by jets of liquid and gas impinging on a rotating bladed agitator, which may be rotated by reaction of jets of gas issuing from nozzles in hollow blades. The rotary device may be in the form of a turbine rotor deflecting the jets of gas and liquid on to a surrounding toothed ring. In producing a mist of water from superheated steam, the steam is expanded, cooled, passed through a rotating device and cooled further. The liquid in finely-divided form may be introduced into the oil &c. to be treated without a carrier gas by forcing it through porous elements such as Berkefeld filtering candles The oil &c. may be treated simultaneously with bleaching or adsorptive agents or with coagulating substances such as albumen, pectin &c. or with hydrogen peroxide or sulphurous acid. Catalysts such as are used for hardening fats may be added to the oil &c. and hydrogen used as the carrier gas.
Patent GB-980692-A (GB)
Title: Vehicle brake indicator
Inventor: KNIGHTS ROBERT EDGAR
IPC: B60T17/22
Filed: 1961-04-20
Abstract: 980,692. Brake indicators. LANSING BAGNALL Ltd. April 19, 1962 [April 20, 1961], No. 14374/61. Heading F2E. [Also in Division B7] A vehicle brake indicator for a cable or rod operated brake comprises a casing member 11 and a plunger member 13 within the casing member resiliently urged together by a spring 17, means such as brake cables or rods for transmitting braking force between the members and a device sensitive to the relative position of the members for indicating when the members have been urged apart by a braking force to indicate the tension in the cable or rod and thus the state of the vehicle brake. The device sensitive to the relative position of the members 11 and 13 may be a microswitch 24 actuated by a roller 25 mounted on a blade spring 26. When the members 11 and 13 are moved apart the roller 25 drops into the interior of the casing 11 and the microswitch is tripped. A master switch (not shown) is provided which closes as the driver leaves the vehicle or takes his weight off the driving seat or platform so that the microswitch operates the horn of the vehicle when the brake is not applied and the master switch is closed. The master switch may be operated in connection with the ignition switch or other engine controlling device. It is stated in the Provisional Specification that the spring means may be hydraulic, pneumatic or mechanical.
Patent GB-965535-A (GB)
Title: Improvements in or relating to nuclear reactors
IPC: G21C5/16
Filed: 1960-08-16
Abstract: 965,535. Moderator structures. BABCOCK & WILCOX Ltd. (Deutsche Babcock & Wilcox Dampfkesselwerke A. G.) Aug. 16, 1960,No. 14633/64. Divided out of 965,533. Heading G6C. The care of a nuclear reactor comprises a cylindrical assembly of blocks 2 of moderator materials, e.g. graphite, having plane side faces parallel to the axis of the assembly, the plane side faces of laterally adjacent blocks 2 being in contact, and bracing means adapted to effect bracing of the blocks 2 laterally against one another by the conversion through wedge means of forces parallel to the axis applied to the bracing means to lateral forces acting between the blocks 2. The bracing means comprise a plurality of arcuately-extending restraint wedges 7 having radially outer wedge surfaces which slope axially in opposite directions distributed both around and along the assembly and a plurality of arcuately-extending compression wedges 8 distributed both around and along the assembly and engaging with radially inner wedge surfaces the radially outer wedge surfaces of the restraint wedges 7 to transmit forces from them to a cylindrical member 6 encircling the assembly. Axial compressive forces are applied by means of a wedge ring 11 secured to the member 6 at one end of the assembly and a wedge ring 12 secured to the reactor pressure vessel 3 by rods 17 at the other end of the assembly, compression springs 13 arranged outside the pressure vessel 3 acting, through rods 14 which extend through sleeves 15 in the wall of the pressure vessel 3, on a ring 16 secured to the member 6 at the end opposite the wedge ring 11. If the assembly of blocks 2 expands more than the member 6, or if the latter contracts more than the former, the relative movements are accommodated by movements over one another of the wedge faces of the wedges 7, 8 and wedge rings 11, 12, the axial distance between wedges 7, between wedges 8 and between the wedge rings 11 and 12 increasing, and the springs 13 contracting. If some of the blocks 2 expand or contract more than others, breakage of side face contacts due to interference between corners of adjacent blocks projecting towards one another can be prevented by chamfering the block corners.
Patent GB-1308959-A (GB)
Title: Case hardening
IPC: C23C8/22
Filed: 1970-03-26
Abstract: 1308959 Carburizing or carbonitriding steels UNION CARBIDE CORP 26 March 1970 [26 March 1969] 14638/70 Heading C7U A carbon steel article having a carbon content of 0À1-0À4% is case hardened by heating at a temperature of 1450-1750F in a carburizing atmosphere comprising a gaseous hydrocarbon, the atmosphere being contacted with a sooting inhibitor heated to at least 200F prior to or during exposure of the article to the atmosphere, the inhibitor comprising one or more of the elements Ba, Ca and Sr in the form of metal, alloy, oxide, hydronide or halide. The inhibitor may be dusted in finely divided form over the surface of the article or the atmosphere may be passed over a heated bed of the inhibitor prior to coming into contact with the article or the inhibitor may be incorporated in the walls of the furnace. The atmosphere may include 2-12% by volume of gaseous hydrocarbon such as methane, ethane, propane or natural gas, and may include a minor amount of ammonia for carbonitriding
Patent GB-367651-A (GB)
Title: Automatic change over device in liquid measuring apparatus with two measuring vessels
IPC: B67D7/16
Filed: 1931-05-18
Abstract: 367,651. Liquid meters. BREVO AKT. - GES. FUR EXPLOSIONS - UND FEUERSCHUTZ, Horgen, Switzerland. May 18, 1931, No. 14646. Convention date, May 20, 1930. [Class 69 (i).] In meters having two measuring vessels 1a, 1b, and a distributing valve 5 operated by excess of pressure in a filled chamber acting on a control piston 7a or 7b, the cylinder of the piston is connected to a measuring vessel by a pipe 16a or 16b, and to the supply conduit 4 by a conduit containing a valve 12. The valve 5 is operated by means of a rack bar 9 meshing with a sector provided with spring throw-over means, and the valve 12 is operated from the bar 9 in such a manner that it remains open to a cylinder until the distributing valve has passed through its mid-position.
Patent GB-437757-A (GB)
Title: Improvements in or relating to process of and apparatus for producing heat and cold
IPC: F25B9/00
Filed: 1934-05-15
Abstract: 437,757. Refrigerating. LEBRE, A. F., 74, Boulevard Exelmans, Paris. May 15, 1934, No. 14690. Convention date, March 7. Addition to 427,957. [Class 29] Cold-air and like non-condensing machines and systems.-The chambers of the apparatus described in the parent Specification are divided by circumferential plates 21 into compression compartments 2<a> and compartments 2b for the pressure-exchange gas current z, which separates the gas x under compression from the compressing gas y. The radial width of the ducts 5, 6 connected to the high-pressure heat-exchanger is the same as that of the compartments 2<a>.
Patent GB-762471-A (GB)
Title: Improvements in bonding processes using urea-formaldehyde resin glues
IPC: C09J161/24
Filed: 1953-05-26
Abstract: The smell of formaldehyde in a bonding process using a urea-formaldehyde resin glue is removed by adding to the glue at any stage preceding the hardening 3 per cent or more of ammonium carbonate or 5 per cent or more of ammonium bicarbonate.  The addition may be at a late stage in the condensation, or just prior to use, together with or followed by a hardening agent; or the salt may be applied to the material to be bonded, e.g. wood chips or veneers, and the resin then applied, a hardener being included, if desired, with the salt or resin.
Patent GB-967281-A (GB)
Title: A method of producing bars or sections by continuous casting
IPC: B21B13/22
Filed: 1962-04-17
Abstract: 967,281. Rolling continuous castings; making bar stock; continuous casting machines. DER VON MOOS' SCHEN EISENWERKE A.G. April 17, 1962 [May 5, 1961], No. 14790/62. Headings B3F and B3M. A method of producing bar stock by continuous casting is characterized in that a continuously cast slab is rolled in a continuous operation and thereby divided, and further deformed into several adjacent sections of bar stock. Molten metal 3 passes from a mould 2 from which issues a continuous cast slab 3a having a solidified skin. The slab 3a is urged from the vertical to horizontal direction by a series of driven constraining rollers 4, 5 being simultaneously cooled by a series of nozzles 6. The slab, which has already been deeply grooved by the mould 2, is fed through a pair of rolls 7 whose pass is left open until the leading end of the slab has passed through them. If necessary, more than one pair of forming rolls may be employed, and a straightening mill may be inserted at any convenient stage in the process. Rolls are also illustrated for forming hexagonal (Fig. 2, not shown) and angle sections, Fig. 3. The sections (square, hexagonal, &c.) leaving the final forming rolls remain joined by a flash and may be separated by any suitable means such as cutting rolls, circular shears, brake cutting devices, reciprocating shears, or breaking machines. Backing up rolls 23 in Fig. 4 may be provided, these being so profiled that they contact the work rolls 21 on faces 24, which are the least stressed by the rolling.
Patent GB-1532144-A (GB)
Title: Washing machine
IPC: D06F21/10
Filed: 1977-04-07
Abstract: 1532144 Washing - machines PHILIPS GLOEILAMPENFABRIEKEN NV 7 April 1977 [12 April 1976] 14803/77 Heading D1A A laundry washing machine comprising a rotatable washing liquid container 1 in which a rotatable laundry holder 2 having a wall which is permeable to washing liquid is mounted, is characterized in that the container 1 and the holder 2 are substantially spherical bodies and their axes of rotation 3, 4 intersect each other, e.g. at an angle of 60‹. In one embodiment, Fig. 2, the holder 2 is mounted in the container 1 by journals 5 and bearings 6 and the container 1 has a hollow drive shaft 7 journalled in a hollow shaft 9 mounted in a frame 10. The shaft 7 is driven by an electric motor 12. A gear ring 13 engages a pinion 14 on a shaft 15 journalled in the shaft 7. The transmission ratio between the ring 13 and the pinion 14 is such that, when the container 1 has a speed of 180-190 rpm, the holder 2 has a speed of 16 rpm when the shaft 15 is retained stationary by a lever 16 therein being retained by the armature 17 of a non-energized electromagnet 18. The container 1 is mounted in a vessel 21 having a draining pipe 22 connected to a pump (not shown). The frame 10 is mounted in a housing 24 by springs 23. Access openings 19, 20, 25 are provided. The speeds of the container I and the holder 2 are adjustable by a gear transmission or a variable speed motor. For spin drying, a pole-change motor or a controllable d.c. motor, is provided and the drive system of the holder is disengaged by enabling the shaft 15 with the pinion 14 to rotate with the container 1 by energizing the electromagnet 18 to release the lever 16. In another embodiment, Fig. 3, supporting springs 23 are disposed above and below the container 1 and the container 1 is driven from the motor 12 by a cardan shaft 7. The shaft 15 and the pinion 14 are located at the top of the container 1 and the opening 19 is inclined to the horizontal. In a modification (not shown), the shafts 7, 15 are horizontal and the opening 19 is vertical.
Patent GB-679227-A (GB)
Title: Improvements in or relating to a clutch assembly
IPC: F16D43/202
Filed: 1950-06-14
Abstract: 679,227. Clutches. AMPRO CORPORATION. June 14, 1950 [June 15, 1949], No. 14856/50. Class 80 (ii). A positive clutch, for use in the re-wind mechanism of kinematograph projectors, comprises a driven member 19 formed with a. pair of hookshaped axial projections 31 which are adapted, when the member 19 is moved axially towards a driving member 13 against the action of a disengaging spring 28, to engage radial pins 29 carried by the member 13 so that the member 19 is driven by the member 13 and is held against return axial movement. An arcuate wire spring 36 secured at one end 37 to the member 19 has its free end 35 bent axially as shown in Fig, 4 to over-lie the recess 34 in one of the hooks 31, so that the end 35 resiliently resists entrance of the pin 29 into the recess. Such resistance is, however, overcome by the driving torque acting against a driven load, so that the pin is allowed to enter the recess by stressing the spring 36. As soon as the load is removed or the driving torque ceases, the spring 36 acts to move the pins 29 out of the hook recesses and the member 19 is moved axially to disengaged position by the spring 28. The spring 36 may be replaced by a spring-loaded' arcuately-slidable member. The hooks are formed in flanges 43, the ends of which are chamfered so as to guide the pins into the hooks.
Patent GB-329162-A (GB)
Title: Improvements in starters for internal combustion engines
IPC: F02N7/08
Filed: 1929-05-13
Abstract: 329,162. Herzmark, N. May 13, 1929. Turning-gear. - A compressed-air starter for internal-combustion engines, of the kind in which the axial movement of a piston rotates a screwthreaded member coupled to the engine, is combined with an air compressor continuously driven by the engine and placed directly in line with an engine shaft and between the engine shaft and the screw-threaded member of the starter. As shown, the compressor comprises low-pressure and high-pressure cylinders e, e<1> mounted in a casing a and connected by a passage a<1> in the wall of the casing. The pistons d, d<1> are connected by a frame, c<2>, c<3> and driven by an eccentric c on a shaft b connected to the engine by a rigid flexible coupling. The starter, which is described in Specification 334,811. comprises pistons g, h in a cylindrical extension A of the casing a, the piston g being secured to a multiplethread quick-pitch screw g<1> provided with a claw clutch g<2> for engagement with a clutch member b' on the shaft b. The piston h is integral with a socket h<1> splined to slide in the casing A without rotation and carrying a nut h' in engagement with the screw g<1>, and is normally held by a spring h<3> in the position shown. On admitting compressed air through a pipe i to the space between the pistons the clutch g<2> is moved axially into engagement with the member b<2> and the screw g<1> is rotated by the axial movement of the piston h. To enable a starting-handle to be used if desired, a hexagon fitting is provided on the outer end of the socket h<1>, and backward rotation of the socket in the event of backfire is prevented by providing a ratchet k on the socket. Specifications 13234/05 and 8846/13 also are referred to.
Patent GB-458902-A (GB)
Title: Improvements in traffic signalling apparatus applicable to roads
IPC: G08G1/09
Filed: 1936-05-27
Abstract: 458,902. Road signals for controlling traffic. PHELAN, J. J., Nymphall, Dunmore East, Co. Waterford, Irish Free State. May 27, 1936, No. 14913. [Class 118 (ii)] A mechanically operated signal is actuated when a vehicle approaching a crossing operates a pad, and is reset when the vehicle passes a second pad situated on the opposite side of the crossing. Referring to the Figure, a vehicle travelling from the left passes over and rotates rollers 17, 18 so that arm 20 moves anticlockwise and pulls wire 11 to raise hand 2, facing traffic in a crossing road, into the vertical or stop position. Extension 4 of the hand clicks past pawl 5 and holds the hand in operated position. When. the vehicle has passed the crossing it depresses pad 7 so that wire 6 pulls down the pawl and allows the hand to drop by gravity to the horizontal or clear position. Specification 197,777, [Class 118 (ii)], is referred to.
Patent GB-260516-A (GB)
Title: Improvements in tracks for dog racing
IPC: A63K1/02
Filed: 1926-06-14
Abstract: 260,516. Throckmorton, L. G. Nov. 20, 1925, [Convention date]. Tracks.-A motor-propelled truck 8 carrying an artificial lure 12 runs on a circuitous track having a loop 15 at one end by which the lure can be removed.from the sight of the dogs, an opening 17 with a door 19 being provided for the passage of the lure. At the start of a race, the lure appears through a door 18. The truck 8 is electrically propelled from a third rail 6. A control tower 16 is provided.
Patent GB-995651-A (GB)
Title: Improvements in or relating to reciprocating pumps
IPC: F04B1/107
Filed: 1962-04-17
Abstract: 995,651. Reciprocating pumps. SCHWEIZERISCHE LOKOMOTIV-UND MASCHINENFABRIK. April 17, 1962 [April 28,1961], No. 14944/62. Heading F1A. In a radial cylinder pump the cylinder block 11 is rotatably mounted on a stationary, eccentric valve shaft 6 and drivingly connected by two cranks 12 to a surrounding casing 1, 2 which is secured to a flange 5 on the drive shaft 4 of a motor. Pistons 23 engage plates 25 secured to the casing. Inlet and delivery ports in valve shaft 6 are connected to conduits 21 and 22, either of which may be reinforced and clamped at 28 to maintain shaft 6 stationary. Preferably point 28 is positioned such that the reaction force opposes the weight of the pump. Alternatively shaft 6 may be secured to a bracket 32 secured to the motor housing.
Patent GB-591225-A (GB)
Title: Improvements in or relating to the production of magnesium base alloys
IPC: C22C23/00
Filed: 1944-08-08
Abstract: A process for the production of magnesium base alloys, of the kind containing at least 85 per cent. magnesium and 1-12 per cent. of aluminiu, wherein such an alloy containing a small quantity of iron as an impurity is treated with such a quantity of zirconium (less in weight than the aluminium and more than the iron) that the metal retains less than 0.05 per cent. zirconium and less than 0.01 per cent. iron.  After this treatment one or more of the elements silicon, manganese, cobalt and antimony are incorporated with the alloy.  Metals such as zinc or cadium, which form no high melting point compounds with zirconium, may be added before or after the treatment.  Zirconium must be used in such a form that the metal is freed in a magnesium alloy melt to unite with the iron.  Thus metallic zirconium or zirconium salts reducible to the metal by molten magnesium may be used.  The zirconium addition may be made and settling out of the iron effected while the temperature of the melt is not greater than 800 DEG C., and the maximum period between making the zirconium addition and casting p  the metal may be half an hour. Specification 511,137 is referred to.
Patent GB-1553929-A (GB)
Title: Heat exchangers having tube plates
IPC: F28F9/18
Filed: 1977-04-12
Abstract: For the purpose of leak-proof mounting of the ends of a tube bundle (1), the tube plate of the heat exchanger is formed from fusible solder by lining the spaces between the tube ends (1') and the spaces between the ends and a ring (4) encompassing said ends with the fusible solder. It is possible in this way to reduce the distances of the tube ends in the tube plate, and thus to reduce the outside diameter of said tube plate. In order to produce the tube plate, the first step is to seal the tube ends (1') with covers (5) and to seal the ring (4) with a base (6). The tube ends are fixed in the ring, and thereupon the interspaces are lined. After the solder has solidified, the covers (5) and the base (6) are removed by machining.   <IMAGE>
Patent GB-1003957-A (GB)
Title: A process for the purification of highly dispersed oxides of silicon, aluminium, titanium and/or zirconium
IPC: C01B3/16
Filed: 1962-04-18
Abstract: <PICT:1003957/C1/1> A process for removing halogens and/or halogen hydride from highly dispersed oxides, oxide mixtures or mixed oxides of Si, Al, Ti and/or Zr, which have been obtained by vapour-phase hydrolysis or oxidation of halides of these elements, and if desired, in the presence of an inert gas, at elevated temperatures, comprises introducing the said oxides, oxide mixtures or mixed oxides into a chamber in parallel with a stream of steam, which may be diluted with an inert gas, so as to form a turbulent suspension of oxides in the steam, which suspension is heated at 450-1000 DEG  C., and removing the treated oxides and the resultant gases containing impurities from the end of the treatment chamber opposite to the end at which they were introduced.  As shown, the process may be carried out in an apparatus comprising furnace 1, having electrical heating rods 6 arranged within.  Air is passed through heater 9, together with water from pipe 10, and the hot air-stream mixture entrains oxides from vessels 12 prior to entry into furnace.  The furnace may be equipped with an additional gas-heating device 7.  The treated oxides and waste gases are discharged via outlets 3 and 4 respectively.