Patent EA-001358-B1 (EA)
Title: Improved metal-ligand complex catalyzed processes
Inventor: BRYANT DAVID ROBERT
IPC: C07C45/50
Filed: 1996-12-05
Abstract: 1. A process for separating one or more phosphorus acidic compounds from a reaction product fluid containing said one or more phosphorus acidic compounds, or stabilizing an organophosphite ligand against hydrolytic degradation and/or a metal-organophosphite ligand complex catalyst against deactivation or preventing and/or lessening hydrolytic degradation of an organophosphite ligand and/or deactivation of a metal-organophosphite ligand complex catalyst, wherein comprises treating a reaction product fluid formed in the result of hydroformylation, hydroacylation (intramolecular and intermolecular), hydrocyanation, hydroamidation, hydroesterification, aminolysis, alcoholysis, carbonylation, isomerization or transfer hydrogenation processes, wherein said reaction product fluid, containing a metal-organophosphite ligand complex catalyst, one or more phosphorus acidic compounds and optionally free organophosphite ligand and water sufficient to remove at least some amount of said one or more phosphorus acidic compounds from said reaction product fluid.  2. A process of claim 1, wherein at least a portion of said reaction product fluid derived from said process which obtained in the result of reacting one or more reactants in the presence of the metal-organophosphite ligand complex catalyst and optionally free organophosphite ligand and which also contain phosphorus acidic compounds, formed during said process, is treated with water sufficient to remove at least some amount of said one or more phosphorus acidic compounds from said reaction product fluid. 3. A process of claim 2, wherein comprises (i) reacting in at least one reaction zone one or more reactants in the presence of a metal-organophosphite ligand complex catalyst and optionally free organophosphite ligand to produce a reaction product fluid comprising one or more products and (ii) separating in at least one separation zone or in said at least one reaction zone the one or more products from said reaction product fluid, the improvement comprising preventing and/or lessening hydrolytic degradation of any said organophosphite ligand and deactivation of said metal-organophosphite ligand complex catalyst by (a) withdrawing from said at least one reaction zone or said at least one separation zone at least a portion of said reaction product fluid derived from said process and which also contains phosphorus acidic compounds formed during said process, (b) treating in at least one scrubber zone at least a portion of the withdrawn reaction product fluid derived from said process and which also contains phosphorus acidic compounds formed during said process with water sufficient to remove at least some amount of the phosphorus acidic compounds from said reaction product fluid, and (c) returning the treated reaction product fluid to said at least one reaction zone or said at least one separation zone. 4. A process of claim 2, wherein comprises (i) reacting in at least one reaction zone one or more reactants in the presence of a metal-organophosphite ligand complex catalyst and optionally free organophosphite ligand to produce a reaction product fluid comprising one or more products and (ii) separating in at least one separation zone or in said at least one reaction zone the one or more products from said reaction product fluid, the improvement comprising preventing and/or lessening hydrolytic degradation of any said organophosphite ligand and deactivation of said metal-organophosphite ligand complex catalyst by treating at least a portion of the reaction product fluid derived from said process by introducing water into said at least one reaction zone and/or said at least one separation zone sufficient to remove at least some amount of the phosphorus acidic compounds from said reaction product fluid. 5. A process of claim 4, wherein water is introduced into said at least one reaction zone and/or said at least one separation zone sufficient to produce a separate aqueous or water phase in addition to an organic phase. 6. A process of claim 4 further comprising separating the water from the reaction product fluid. 7. A process of claims 1, 2, 3, 4, 5 and 6 wherein the contacted water has a pH of from 2 to 7.5. 8. A process of claim 3, wherein the water after treating in step (b) contains one or more aldehydes. 9. A process of claim 8 further comprising recovering said one or more aldehydes from the water after treating in step (b) and returning the recovered one or more aldehydes to said at least one reaction zone or said at least one separation zone. 10. A process of claims 1, 2, 3, 4, wherein said metal-organophosphite ligand complex catalyst is homogeneous or heterogeneous. 11. A process of claims 1, 2, 3, 4, wherein said reaction product fluid contains a homogeneous or heterogeneous metal-organophosphite ligand complex catalyst or at least a portion of said reaction product fluid contacts a fixed heterogeneous metal-organophosphite ligand complex catalyst during said process. 12. The processes of claims 3 or 4, wherein said separating of one or more products from the reaction product fluid occurs prior to or after treating at least a portion of the reaction product fluid derived from said process and which also contains phosphorus acidic compounds formed during said process. 13. A process of claims 1, 2, 3, 4, further comprising treating the contacted water which contains phosphorus acidic compounds with a strong base sufficient to neutralize at least some amount of the phosphorus acidic compounds. 14. A process of claims 1, 2, 3, 4, wherein said metal-organophosphite ligand complex catalyst comprises rhodium complexed with an organophosphite ligand selected from: (i) a monoorganophosphite represented by the formula   wherein R<1> represents a substituted or unsubstituted trivalent hydrocarbon radical containing from 4 to 40 carbon atoms or greater; (ii) a diorganophosphite represented by the formula   wherein R<2> represents a substituted or unsubstituted divalent hydrocarbon radical containing from 4 to 40 carbon atoms or greater and W represents a substituted or unsubstituted monovalent hydrocarbon radical containing from 1 to 18 carbon atoms or greater   (iii) a triorganophosphite represented by the formula wherein each R<6> is the same or different and represents a substituted or unsubstituted monovalent hydrocarbon radical; and  (iv) an organopolyphosphite containing two or more tertiary (trivalent) phosphorus atoms represented by the formula   wherein X represents a substituted or unsubstituted n-valent hydrocarbon bridging radical containing from 2 to 40 carbon atoms, each R<7> is the same or different and represents a divalent hydrocarbon radical containing from 4 to 40 carbon atoms, each R<8> is the same or different and represents a substituted or unsubstituted monovalent hydrocarbon radical containing from 1 to 24 carbon atoms, "a" and "b" can be the same or different and each have a value of 0 to 6, with the proviso that the sum of a + b is 2 to 6 and n equals a + b. 15. A process of claims 1, 2, 3, 4, wherein phosphorus acidic compounds present in the reaction product fluid are scavenged by an organic nitrogen compound that is also present in said reaction product fluid and wherein at least some amount of the phosphorus acidic compound of the conversion products of the reaction between said phosphorus acidic compound and said organic nitrogen compound are also removed by the water treatment. 16. A process of claim 15, wherein the organic nitrogen compound is selected from the group consisting of diazoles, triazoles, diazines and triazines. 17. A process of claim 15, wherein the organic nitrogen compound is benzimidazole or benzotriazole.