Patent GB-1098183-A (GB)
Title: Improvements in or relating to electro-optical switching devices
Inventor: SCARROTT GORDON GEORGE
IPC: G02F3/00
Filed: 1964-03-10
Abstract: 1,098,183. Modulating light. INTERNATIONAL COMPUTERS & TABULATORS Ltd. March 8, 1965 [March 10, 1964], No. 10133/64. Heading H4F. [Also in Division G4] Apparatus for reading information recorded in optically detectable form, e.g. a selection system for a photographic store, comprises a light source 1, an optical system 2, an electrooptic switching matrix 4 and matrix 5 of film storage areas disposed between crossed polarizers 3 and 6, a further optical system 7 and a photo-sensitive pick-up device 8. The electrooptic switching matrix 4 comprises rows and columns of switching areas each bounded by two opposed pairs of electrodes 28, 29 and 30, 31 spaced apart in directions parallel to the planes of polarization of the crossed polarizers 3 and 6, which are vertical and horizontal respectively in the embodiment described, and perpendicular to the light transmission path. When potentials are applied across the two opposed pairs of electrodes of any switching area the fields in the electro-optic material are parallel and perpendicular to the plane of polarization of polarizer 3 so that either one of these fields alone will produce no transmission of light irrespective of the magnitude of the field since there is no change in the state of polarization and polarizer 6 stops vertically polarized light. However, if both fields are applied together, the resultant field vector makes an angle with the plane of polarizer 3 which is a function of the relative magnitude of the two fields and the vertically polarized light is changed into elliptically polarized light. Optimum transmission occurs when the two fields are equal, giving a resultant field at 45, 135 degrees &c., the transmission being independent of the polarity of the fields. The actual degree of light transmission depends on the magnitude of the electric fields which determine the phase difference produced in the electro-optic material for light components parallel and perpendicular to the direction of the resultant field. As shown, all electrodes 28 of a column are connected together to a column selection conductor 32 and all electrodes 31 of a row to a row conductor 33, the remaining electrodes 29 and 30 of the pairs being connected in common to ground. To operate a selected switching area a suitable voltage is applied to the one of the row conductors 33 and the one of the column conductors 32 which are connected to the electrodes of that area. The resultant elliptically polarized light passed by the selected area passes through an area 38 of the storage film 5 and the horizontally polarized component is passed by polarizer 6 and focused by optical system 7 on to the photo-sensitive device 8. The other areas in the same row and column as the selected area do not cause any transmission through the system since only one field is applied across them. The ground electrodes for each area or adjacent areas may be combined into a single electrode. Each switching area or cell in the matrix is in fact a twoinput electro-optical AND gate. The electrooptic material may comprise barium titanate, strontium titanate or nitrobenzene.