Patent GB-869063-A (GB)
Title: Improvements in or relating to the digitizing of analogue signals
IPC: H03M1/00
Filed: 1957-09-02
Abstract: 869,063. Electric selective signalling systems. CONSOLIDATED ELECTRODYNAMICS CORPORATION. Sept. 2, 1957 [Sept. 4, 1956], No. 27497/57. Class 40 (1). Apparatus for recording the peak or trough values of an analogue signal comprises comparison means for comparing the magnitude of an input signal with a reference voltage, a reference voltage stepping circuit adapted to respond to a difference in magnitude between the signal and the reference voltage and the polarity of the difference to step the reference voltage in the direction of the signal, means coupled to the reference voltage stepping circuit for momentarily halting the stepping action when the change in magnitude of the input signal reverses direction and means for recording the magnitude of the signal at the reversal point and thereafter restoring said stepping action. The invention is applied to recording the values of the peaks of an analogue signal which may be the output from a mass spectrometer. As shown, Fig. 2, the input signal is applied to a terminal 16 and compared in a comparator amplifier 10 with a reference voltage on a line 18. The output, whose polarity depends on the relative magnitude of the two inputs, is fed to a polarity senser 24 which applies a signal to a gate 28 if the input signal at 16 is greater than the reference voltage or to a gate 34 in the alternative case. A pulse from a pulse generator 36 is thus applied through one of the gates 28, 34. A pulse applied through the gate 28 causes a singleshot multivibrator 42 to emit a pulse which is inverted at 38 and passes to a lead 40. The return of the multivibrator 42 to its stable state causes a multivibrator 43 to emit a pulse which is inverted at 44 and passes to a lead 46. A pulse applied to the gate 34 causes pulses on the leads 40, 46 in the reverse order. The leads 40, 46 pass to the auxiliary electrodes of a multicathode counting-tube 50 with cathodes 0-9 so that a pulse on the lead 40 followed by a pulse on the lead 46 causes the discharge to move to a higher valued cathode, thereby increasing the voltage drop across the resistance 11. Thus a stepping circuit follows the increase or decrease of the input signal with the particular cathode in use determining a digital representation of the input signal. To provide sufficient time for a digital representation to be recorded, counting down after a maximum up-count has been reached is inhibited for a period by a bi-stable multivibrator 60. If the input signal at 16 begins to increase initially from zero, the multivibrator 60 is triggered to inhibit the gate 34 and to prime a gate 64 to pass a pulse from the pulse generator 36 when the first down-count signal is received from the polarity senser 24. This pulse triggers a single-shot multivibrator 68 to open a read-out gate 70 which actuates a peak recording circuit 14 such as a printer, relay bank or magnetic tape to record the peak current value. A differentiator 76 emits a pulse to return the bi-stable multi-vibrator 60 to its other state when the multivibrator 68 returns to its stable state. The down-count gate 34 is now not inhibited. In order to allow for a digital representation greater than that which can be obtained from one multi-cathode tube, a further such tube may be employed (Fig. 4, not shown). The circuit of Fig. 2 may be modified to provide a digital representation of the minimum points or troughs of the input signal, by reversing the positions of the gates 28, 34.