Patent GB-1145194-A (GB)
Title: A directional radio link
Inventor: STONEY WILLIAM EDISON
IPC: H04B7/204
Filed: 1967-03-28
Abstract: 1,145,194. Radio signalling. NORTH AMERICAN AVIATION Inc. 28 March, 1967 [7 June, 1966], No. 13999/67. Heading H4L. A directional radio link comprises two radio stations of which a first station has a mechanical scannable first aerial and means for selecting the carrier frequency transmitted by the aerial to correspond with a carrier frequency received from the second station, the second station having a frequency-sensitive. second aerial of the type which transmits or receives in a different direction for each different frequency in a given range and means for selecting the carrier frequency received or transmitted by the second aerial so as to establish communication with the first station. As described, the second station is an artificial earth satellite providing a link between geographically spaced earth stations (or space vehicles) in a multiple access system, a unique carrier frequency (the direction frequency) for each ground station corresponding to the line-of-sight between the ground station and the relay station. Terminal station, Fig. 2.-Aerial 23 is scanned by a control unit 24 under the direction of a programmer 25, and an electronically tunable receiver 26 may provide tracking angle error signals (for utilization by the programmer to control the unit 24) and receives frequency search signals and communication signals from a relay station. Alternatively, a separate angle tracking receiver may be provided. A transmitter 27 supplies signals from the programmer 25 to the aerial 23 and an interface unit 28 couples the sending and receiving units to the radio station and effects any necessary signal conversion. Initially the programmer operates in a search mode in which aerial 23 scans in a search pattern towards a desired relay while a predetermined sequence of radio frequencies is transmitted by transmitter 27 in each of the directions scanned. The search signals may be coded to identify the relay sought and/or the terminal station with which communication is sought. The relay responds to that one of the scanned frequencies corresponding to the direction frequency of the interrogating station by transmitting the same frequency in return (coded to identify the relay) and programmer 25 then functions to cause transmitter 27 and receiver 26 to operate on this frequency, and the control unit 24 will use the angle tracking error signals from the receiver 26 to cause aerial 23 to track the relay. Relay station, Fig. 3.-Spherical coverage by the electronically scanned aerial is provided by six planar arrays 33a to 33f forming the sides of a box-like structure which also houses the remaining equipment of the relay. Solar power units may be housed between the radiation elements of each array. A programmer 35 decodes incoming signals from the receivers 34, the frequency of a received signal indicating the direction angle of the transmitting station, this information being stored at 35. The received signal may include a code indicating the desired station or may include a subcarrier which is a submultiple of the carrier frequency of that station and may be multiplied in the relay to the appropriate carrier frequency. Modified system, Fig. 5.-This system employs different carrier frequencies for transmission and reception, separate receiving and transmitting arrays 38, 39 respectively being provided at the relay station. In the search mode the programmer (station m) via frequency synthesizer 45, causes the transmission of successive up-frequencies (as in Fig. 2) which are received by array 38 of the relay station, each carrier being modulated by a submultiple of the associated down-frequency of the transmitting array 39. When the relay receiver 30 receives an up-frequency corresponding to the direction of station m, i.e. above a predetermined threshold, the sideband is selected by a filter 41a, frequency-multiplied in a multiplier 42a and transmitted via array 39 to the originating station. The station receiver 26 then provides a signal which via the programmer stops the frequency on the correct up-direction carrier frequency. When a second station (also locked on to the relay) seeks to address station m by a conventional ring-through technique, the code of the called station (e.g. preselected combinations of audio-frequencies) are imposed on the down-frequency carrier of the called station by means of a dialling register 49. Dialling register, Fig. 6 (not shown).-This provides a multiple cross-bar switching arrangement in the form of a switching matrix, each column of the matrix being associated with a direction frequency decoder and each row corresponding to a different one of the station codes. Satellite attitude control.-The aerial array of a satellite relay station may be used to measure the satellite's position with reference to a selected terminal station to provide control signals for operation of the attitude controllers.