baber/WOPTO huggingface dataset:
Patent GB-402253-A (GB)
Title: An improved manufacture of pour point depressants for use with lubricating oils
IPC: C10G73/04
Filed: 1932-12-08
Abstract: Highly active substances for depressing the pour point of lubricating oils, in particular, wax-containing oils, are produced by segregating a fraction having a mean molecular weight of above 1200 from a crude depressant obtained from the condensation of waxy hydrocarbons such as paraffin wax with or without an aromatic hydrocarbon such as naphthalene.  Condensation of the waxy hydrocarbons may be effected through their active derivatives such as olefines or halides in the presence of aluminium chloride or zinc chloride, or by blowing with oxygen-containing gas or by electrical methods.  In a specific instance, chlorinated paraffin wax is condensed in a kerosene medium at about 70--150 DEG  F.  The product consists of (a) lighter fractions and unreacted wax boiling say up to 700 DEG  F., (b) an inactive waxy material having a mean molecular weight below 1000 to 1200, and (c) the undistillable viscous or semi-solid highly active substance.  The lighter fractions (a) are removed by distillation, preferably under vacuum, and are suitable as lubricants.  The active fraction (c) is isolated from the remaining crude depressant, preferably by extraction with solvents of the class of "wax precipitants," in which the active fraction is insoluble.  This extraction may be effected either by using sufficient of the solvent to dissolve both the wax and the lighter ends, or by using the solvent in such amount as to dissolve only the lighter oils, the wax being subsequently extracted from the residue by a larger quantity of the solvent.  Several extractions may be made.  Solvents specified are light hydrocarbons such as propane, and preferably mixtures of butane, propane and ethane or any two thereof; alcohols such as amyl or butyl alcohols or admixtures thereof, ethyl methyl or propyl alcohols or their admixtures with each other or with higher alcohols; amyl alcohol and kerosene, or pentane and amyl or butyl alcohol; esters; ketones; organic acids; alkylene halides such as ethylene dichloride; carbon tetrachloride; phenols; aniline; furfural; liquid sulphur dioxide.  Different solvents may be used successively. Generally the composition of the solvent is so chosen that separation occurs at room temperature, but cooling, e.g. to - 45 DEG  F., may be effected.  Specified quantities of the concentrated depressant added to lubricating oils vary from \ba1/16\be to 1 per cent.
Patent GB-1256031-A (GB)
Title: Wood impregnation
IPC: B27K3/10
Filed: 1969-07-10
Abstract: 1,256,031. Impregnating porous materials. WELSH CORP. 10 July, 1969 [30 Aug., 1968], No. 34895/69. Heading D1P. Porous material, particularly wood, is impregnated with a liquid by immersing it in a pool of the liquid and subjecting it to compressional waves, transmitted through the impregnating liquid, of a frequency ranging from sonic to ultrasonic. The waves are directed at an acute angle to one face of the material whereby air is removed therefrom. In one embodiment of the invention, panels of wood on a conveyer 45 are passed through an oven 45 into the tank 10, up the column 14, through the tunnel 18, down the column 16 and out of the tank 12. The impregnating liquid is contained in tanks 10 and 12 and is sucked up columns 14 and 16 by means of a partial vacuum maintained in the conduit 38, by means of the pump, P, at a value sufficient to keep the liquid at level 41 in the tunnel 18. Ultra-sonic waves are produced by electrically driven plates 22a in the wave generating stations 20, 21, 22 and 23. The frequencies of the generators varies with the pressure of the liquid in the vicinity of the stations. The impregnating liquid may be a wood preservative or a fire retardant such as. an aqueous solution of diammonium phosphate.
Patent GB-370500-A (GB)
Title: Improvements in or relating to impulse transmitters for use in electrical signallingsystems
IPC: H04L12/18
Filed: 1930-12-01
Abstract: 370,500. Electric signalling systems. ASSOCIATED TELEPHONE & TELEGRAPH CO., 1033, West Van Buren Street, Chicago, U.S.A. Dec. 1, 1930, No. 34899/31. Convention date, Dec. 11, 1929. Divided on 368,369. Drawings to Specification. [Class 40 (i).] Relates to an electric signalling system, more particularly for signalling stock quotations to a plurality of receiving stations, wherein a stock, price and nature of price may be registered as digits in relay registers under the control of keyboards and each digit is transmitted in the form of a fixed number of positive and negative impulses, the strengths of which are varied in accordance with the value of the digit. The impulses operate relay registers at the receivers, the registers at each receiver controlling a local impulse sender which operates the indicators. The system described is identical with that described in Specification 368,369, but the invention resides in the manner in which the main and local impulse senders co-operate with their counting relay chains. The arrangement of each sender is such that impulses are transmitted to the external circuit at a given speed and to the corresponding counting chain at a sub-multiple of that speed. The first relay of a counting chain pulls up at the beginning of an impulse sent to the chain and a second relay is operated at the end of the impulse. In the main sender a pair of relays is operated in this manner for each group of four impulses sent to the external circuit while in the local sender at the receiver, two impulses are sent to the indicators for every impulse sent into the counting chain. The counting chain in the main sender is adapted to associate the stock and price digital registers successively with the impulse sender and that in the local sender is associated with the price registers at a receiver. Certain of the counting relays in the main transmitter are adapted to count a pause of predetermined duration at the end of the transmission of a complete quotation in order to delay signals corresponding to a subsequent quotation. Specification 370,499 also is referred to.
Patent GB-467507-A (GB)
Title: Improvements in and relating to cartons
IPC: B65D85/32
Filed: 1935-12-17
Abstract: 467,507. Egg &c. cartons. GRIFFITH, E. L. Dec. 17, 1935, No. 34994. [Class 18] A separable egg &c. carton is formed from a blank, Fig. 5, comprising a bottom 11, a front wall 8, a rear wall 9, a cover 10, a rack 19, on which the eggs &c. rest in resilient supports 31, 32, a plurality of transverse partitions 12, tongues 26 co-operating with portions 13 of the partition 12 to secure the cover 10 in its closed position. A separate longitudinal member 15, Fig. 6, holds the transverse partitions 12 and the rack 19 in position. The material of the two blanks is weakened at 22, 23 so that the filled carton may be divided into separate units each containing for example, half a dozen eggs. The ends of each separated unit are closed by partitions, which may, in a modification, consist of strips separate from the main blank, held in position by hook members co-operating with the transverse partitions.
Patent GB-363793-A (GB)
Title: Improvements in feeding devices for percussive tools
IPC: E21B19/08
Filed: 1930-11-20
Abstract: 363,793. Percussive tools. INGERSOLL-RAND CO., 15, Exchange Place, Jersey City, New Jersey, U.S.A. Nov. 20, 1930, No. 35025. Convention date, Feb. 11. [Class 124.] Feed motions.- The tool A is fed forwardly by the blow caused bv piston striking the drill, but recoil is prevented by the arm 0, the edges Q, R of which grip the rod G fixed to the cradle. The arm is held in an. inclined position by the plungers X, W, which are selectively pressed forward by motive fluid supplied to the cylinders S, T, and controlled by a valve. Reversal of the pistons from the position shown causes the arm O to be oppositely inclined and the tool is then automatically withdrawn.
Patent GB-1479548-A (GB)
Title: Miniature large aperture superwide-angle lens system of retrofocus type
IPC: G02B9/64
Filed: 1975-08-26
Abstract: 1479548 Wide angle objectives ASAHI KOGAKU KOGYO KK 26 Aug 1975 [29 Aug 1974] 35155/75 Heading G2J A miniature and large aperture, wide angle objective of the retro-focus type comprises ten lenses grouped in nine components which satisfy the following conditions:- (1) F/1À25 < | F 1,2,3,4  | <F; F 1,2,3,4  < O (2) F/0À8 < | F 1,2,3,4,5,6,7  | <F/0À5; F 1,2,3,4,5,6,7  <O (3)γ 5  < 30; γ 7  < 27 (4) 2À3F <# 13  <3À0F (5) 1À3F < (d 9  + d 10  + d 11  + d 12 )<1À7F (6) 0À6F < (d 13  + d 14  + d 15  + d 16  + d 17  + d 18 ) <0À8F (7) f #  > 1À8F Where F is the total focal length of the system; F 1,   2..   i  is the total focal length of the first  i  lenses; γ t  is the Abbe number of the i th lens; d 1 , d 3 , d 5 , d 7 , d 9 , d 11 , d 12 , d 14 , d 16  and d 18  are the respective lens thicknesses; d 2 , d 4 , d 6 , d 8 , d 10 , d 13 , d 15  and d 17  are the successive lens spacings; # K  is the radius of curvature of the K th lens surface; and f #  is the back focal length of the system.
Patent GB-415627-A (GB)
Title: Improvements in paper containers
IPC: B65D3/26
Filed: 1933-12-14
Abstract: 415,627. Paper vessels. TAYLOR, E. Z., 377, Oraton Street, Newark, New Jersey, U.S.A. Dec. 14, 1933, No. 35194. Convention date, Feb. 11. [Classes 18 and 66.] A double-walled paper container for liquids such as milk or for powdered or granular material has a cut 3 defining a spoutportion formed in the outer body wall in register with an opening 2 formed in the inner wall. The portion affording the spout is attached to the inner layer by the wax &c. only and is formed with score lines 5 enabling it to be folded into spout form. A tab 8 is preferably provided to facilitate the raising of the spout portion. Specification 271,495, [Class 18], is referred to.
Patent GB-1242522-A (GB)
Title: Improvements in or relating to crates for live birds, bird cages and the like
IPC: A01K31/00
Filed: 1967-08-01
Abstract: 1,242,522. Bird cages. H. LITCHFIELD. 1 Aug., 1968 [1 Aug., 1967], No. 35266/67. Heading A1M. [Also in Division B8] A false bottom 10 for a bird crate or a bird cage comprises a sheet of wire mesh with a peripheral integral flange 16 and at least one intermediate support member or rib 18 intermediate its edges. The bottom is bent from a one piece blank.
Patent GB-928085-A (GB)
Title: Improvements in frequency control circuits
IPC: H03J7/10
Filed: 1961-09-29
Abstract: 928,085. Frequency control circuits; transistor oscillator circuits. SIEMENS & HALSKE A.G. Sept. 29, 1961 [Sept. 30, 1960], No. 35276/61. Classes 40 (5) and 40 (6). Relates to a control circuit for locking a variable oscillator to one of several frequency positions which includes a first circuit III which applies a frequency locking control voltage to a first terminal of a reactive circuit Sd coupled to the variable oscillator LC 1  when the frequency difference between one of the said positions and the frequency of the variable oscillator is within a predetermined range and a second circuit II which applies an oscillating control voltage to a second terminal of the reactive circuit Sd to wobble the variable oscillator when the said frequency difference is outside the predetermined range. The second circuit is rendered inoperative by the frequency locking voltage during the period in which the latter voltage is applied to the reactive circuit. The frequency control voltage is derived from a phase discriminator III which produces an output when the frequency from the variable oscillator I is within a given range of the position to which it is to be locked. This output is applied to one side of a silicon diode which is arranged to be always biased off and the capacity of which varies according to the voltage across it, thus affecting the tuning of the variable oscillator. To the other side of the diode is applied the output from a generator G, which delivers a wobbulating voltage of approximately 1.5 volts peak at 20 c/s. from a transistorized R.C. oscillator (Fig. 3, not shown). This oscillator has an input circuit C 2 R 2  which is arranged so that any output from the phase discriminator III cuts off the generator. The application of this system to a known frequency control system is discussed (Fig. 1, not shown). In a further example (Fig. 4) an oscillator O 5  represented by I (Fig. 2) is required to operate at a high stable frequency and to be continuously variable by a small amount, dependent on changes in the frequency of a lowfrequency oscillator O 4 . The output from O 5  is converted in a modulator M 3 <SP> </SP>by mixing with the output from an oscillator O 6 to a frequency close to that of O 4 . The two frequencies are applied to a phase discriminator Ph 1  which supplies a frequency control voltage to a silicon diode Re and to a wobbulating oscillator W 1  (II of Fig. 2). The circuit has the advantage that the high-frequency oscillator O 5  may be constructed with low-frequency stability. A further application to the frequency control of single side-band receivers is suggested, where rapid follow-up wobbling in ultra short wave directional radio receivers is provided by means of this invention. A circuit (Fig. 6, not shown) containing a rectifier may be interposed between the output of the generator G and the silicon diode Sd so that only wobble oscillations in one direction are applied to the oscillatory circuit under control.
Patent GB-812621-A (GB)
Title: Improvements in or relating to ferroelectric circuits
IPC: H01G7/02
Filed: 1956-11-19
Abstract: 812,621. Circuits employing bi-stable ferroelectric elements. WESTERN ELECTRIC CO. Inc. Nov. 19, 1956 [Nov. 21, 1955], No. 35282/56. Classes 40 (4) and 40 (9). The transference of pulses between a pulse source and a load is controlled by a ferroelectric capacitor which can be switched in parallel across the load to provide a low impedance shunt path. In Fig. 2 a ferro-electric capacitor 13 is connected in parallel across load 11 by a switch 14. When changing its state of polarization the coercive voltage appears across the capacitor and to prevent this reaching the load a pulse source 19 may apply equal and opposite voltages to a resistor 18. In place of the switch 14 the pulse source 19 may in one condition apply the same waveform to the top of resistor IS as pulse source 10 applies to the top of the capacitor which in consequence has no voltage across it and does not shunt the load; while in another condition pulse source 19 applies pulses to back off coercive voltages so that the capacitor acts as a shunt. In Fig. 4 the capacitor is connected in series with a double anode silicon junction diode having a sharp voltage threshold for reverse conduction, the diode being gated to connect thecapacitor in shunt by a pulse source 19. The resistors 12 connecting source 10 to the capacitor may be replaced by a second ferro-electric capacitor. If the shunt capacitor dielectric has an inherent bias whereby its hysteresis loop lies to one side of the zero voltage axis, as in guanidinium aluminium sulphate hexahydrate, the capacitor resets automatically after shunting a pulse away from the load, otherwise it is reset by a negative input pulse. The arrangement of Fig. 4 is applied to a selector switch shown in Fig. 6 where pulses from a source 30 can be applied to any one of the leads A, B, C, D, under the control of a pulse source 40. If double anode reverse voltage threshold diodes 43 are biased to conduction by pulses applied to terminals 42 and 48, for example, ferro-electric capacitors 32, 33, 35 and 36 can change their polarization states and in consequence shunt pulses from source 30 off the leads A, B and C. Ferroelectric capacitors 38 and 39 are isolated and the pulses from source 30 therefore appear on lead D. To construct such a switch from a ferro-electric crystal slab, parallel strip electrodes are deposited on each side of the crystal so that at each overlapping intersection an individual capacitor is formed. At intersections where no capacitor is required a thin layer of low dielectric constant insulator, such as krylon or liquid polystyrene, is deposited before deposition of the strip electrodes to disconnect them from the crystal. The series resistors 60 may also be formed by deposition on the crystal which may also carry electrodes to form a ferro-electric storage matrix, access to the matrix being controlled by the selector switch. Specifications 717,104, [Group XIX], 810,451, [Group XXXVI], 812,619 and 812,620 are referred to.
Patent GB-1115165-A (GB)
Title: Compressed-air operated hand tools
IPC: F01D15/06
Filed: 1966-08-08
Abstract: 1,115,165. Rotary pneumatic-motors. SCHMID & WEZEL. Aug. 8, 1966 [Aug. 26, 1965], No.35358/66. Heading F1F. A hand tool comprises a chuck 11, Fig. 1 that is directly coupled to the rotor 10 of a rotary pneumatic-motor 2 of the outwardly-sliding radialvane type having air-inlet passages 15, 25, 13, 43, 38 controlled by a spring-loaded ball valvemember 18 and air-outlet passages 39, 39', 39", 40, 41, 42 controlled by an adjustable throttle, which regulates the speed of the rotor. The valvemember 18 is provided with a seat 20 between the passages 15, 25 and is raised against the action of a spring 19 by a hand-operated lever 22 abutting a pin 21 whenever the chuck is to be rotated. The throttle is defined by two overlapping arcuate slots 32, 31, Fig. 4, in a fixed ring 16 and an adjacent rotatable ring 29, respectively, the ring 16 being retained in the casing or housing 1 of the tool by screw-threads whereas the ring 29 is pressed against the other ring by an annular spring 30. Rotation of the ring 29 is limited by an axial pin 33 attached thereto and engaging with the slot 32 in the other ring. Ball bearings 6, 7 for the rotor are lodged in blocks 4, 5 at each end of an annular stator 3 containing the rotor.
Patent GB-1073936-A (GB)
Title: A method for moulding boron nitride by sintering
IPC: C04B35/583
Filed: 1965-08-19
Abstract: A sintered boron nitride compact is produced by cold compacting boron nitride powder with or without a binder such as polyethylene glycol in acetone and then sintering the compact in a mould which restricts the expansion of the boron nitride.  The sintering temperature is 1500 DEG -2100 DEG C. and the expansion of boron nitride at this range is 4.5-5%.  The mould in which the sintering is carried out must therefore be less than 4.5% greater than the dimensions of the compact to be sintered.
Patent GB-1388196-A (GB)
Title: Blends of copolymers of ethylene and vinyl acetate and poly tetrafluoroethylene
IPC: C08L27/18
Filed: 1972-07-31
Abstract: 1388196 Polymer blends IMPERIAL CHEMICAL INDUSTRIES Ltd 12 July 1973 [31 July 1972] 35636/72 Heading C3P Polymer blends comprising (1) an ethylene/ vinyl acetate copolymer containing 7 to 15 weight per cent of vinyl acetate and (2) 0À5 to 5% by weight of the blend of polytetrafluoroethylene may be used for making artificial skislopes and toboggan runs. The blend may also contain up to 70 weight per cent of polyethylene, particularly low density polyethylene, and inorganic fillers, e.g. talc, clay, whiting, dolomite and asbestos, and conventional stabilizers, pigments and antistatic agents. The polytetrafluoroethylene preferably has particles of number mean diameter 3 to 7 microns. Examples describe blends of polytetrafluoroethylene, ethylene/vinyl acetate copolymer and 2-hydroxy-4-octyloxybenzophenone, optionally together with low density polyethylene, butyl stearate, octadecyl di-(polyethyleneglycol) amine and tri-(4-nonylphenyl)phosphite.
Patent GB-393511-A (GB)
Title: Improvements in force-feed oil cans
IPC: F16N3/08
Filed: 1932-12-16
Abstract: 393,511. Lubricating-cans. PARKER & CO., Ltd., A. G. and CLEAVER, A. H., Whittal Street, Birmingham. Dec. 16, 1932, No. 35637. [Class 12 (ii).] In a lubricating-can the pump 3 and the discharge passage 4 are carried by the cover 2 of the container 1. A passage 24 between the discharge passage and the container acts as a vent to the container and as a byepass between the discharge passage and the container. The passage 24 is controlled by the pump discharge valve 20, which is acted on by a spring 18. The suction valve 9 is similarly acted on by a spring 8. The pump piston 11 in the position of rest seals the bush 16 through which the operating-rod 13 passes. Specification 358,356, [Group XVII], is referred to.
Patent GB-1151017-A (GB)
Title: Process and Apparatus for the Production of Metal Powders.
IPC: B22F9/12
Filed: 1967-08-03
Abstract: 1,151,017. The production of metal powder. CHAS. PFIZER & CO. Inc. Aug. 3, 1967 [Aug. 11, 1966], No. 35793/67. Heading C7X. In a process for the production of metal powder such as Mg, Ca, Sr, Ba, Zn, the metal vapour is contacted with a continuous stream of moving merit liquid at a temperature below the melting point of the metal and the entrained metal particles are removed from the liquid. As shown in Fig. 1 a metal source 1 is placed in a retort 2 contained in an electric furnace 3. The retort cover 6 is connected to retort 2 via flange 5 and a liquid inlet port 9 and exit port 10 attached to the end of the cover produce a flat liquid curtain 8. A ceramic tube 12 supported by spaces 13 protudes from the retort into the retort cover and the metal vapour from 1 is directed via the tube to the liquid curtain 8 and the metal particles formed are entrained in the liquid which flows via tank 14 to reservoir 16 and then to separation system 17 where filtering or centrifuging is carried out. The separated liquid is cooled in heat exchanger 61 and cooling coil 62 and recirculated to inlet 9. The separated metal particles are collected in storage tank 23. A vacuum pump 24 is connected to the system and the process is carried out under a vacuum of 50 microns or less. Alternatively an inert atmosphere may be used. Suitable merit liquids are low vapour pressure oils, hydrocarbons, halogenated hydrocarbons, oxygenated hydrocarbons and silicones. In an alternative arrangement the metal vapour conduit outlet may be immersed in a stirred mass of liquid. The source of the metal vapour may be a metal, an alloy or the metal ore or oxide plus a reducing agent such as Al. The following examples are specified: (a) Mixture of FeSi, CaF 2  and clolomitic quick lime to produce Mg. (b) Mg. (c) Mixture of CaO and Al to produce Ca. (d) Mixture of barium oxide and Al to produce Ba. (e) Zn. (f) Mixture of strontium oxide and Al to produce Sr.
Patent GB-349540-A (GB)
Title: Method of preparing fish, whale meat and other alimentary substances for storage or transport
IPC: A23B4/12
Filed: 1929-11-22
Abstract: Fish, meat, whale meat, and other food is preserved by treatment with a dilute polyborate solution obtained by heating a solution containing borax and boric acid for at least an hour and usually several hours at a temperature above 70 DEG  C.  Borax is preferably present in considerable excess of the boric acid, for example in the ratio 5:1.  Sea or fresh water or aqueous solutions may be used in preparing the polyborate solution, and other substances, for example preservatives such as salicylic acid, and small quantities of glycerine, for example 0,2-1 per cent, may be added.  The solution is used as soon as possible after preparation, and is more effective when used warmer or colder than the material treated.  The material may be brushed with the solution or dipped or immersed in it.  When the solution has been prepared for some time, it may be heated to 70-100 DEG  C. before use. Fish may be treated whole or in subdivided condition, and other food, for example whale meat, may be in pieces of suitable size. Examples are given of the treatment of whale meat, and of herrings and other fish, the treated fish being washed with fresh or salt water, before sale or distribution, to remove the preservative. The process may be used as a preparatory step in the drying or other treatment of fish, whale meat, &c.