Patent GB-902348-A (GB)
Title: Process for the fixation of pigments on fibrous materials and foils
IPC: D06P1/44
Filed: 1959-04-30
Abstract: A liquor or paste for use in the dyeing or printing of fibrous materials or foils (see Group IV(c)) contains an organic or inorganic pigment and, as a binding agent, a polyvinyl acetal aqueous dispersion which has been obtained as described in Specification 895,428 (by condensing polyvinyl alcohol with an aldehyde in the presence of an acid condensation catalyst and effecting dispersion of the acetal in the same operation).  The liquor or paste may also contain condensates of urea, alkylated ureas or melamine with aldehydes, which may be partially or completely etherified, tetramethylolacetylene-diurea, reaction products of dicyandiamide with aldehydes, the N-sulphonic acid salt-aminoplast precursorpolyhydroxy compound condensation products of Specification 879,873; polymers based on vinyl esters, acrylic esters, vinyl chloride, vinylidene chloride, styrene, butadiene, acrylonitrile or isobutylene; the polyfunctional compounds containing a heterocyclic three-membered ring of Specification 810,548; plasticizers such as dibutyl phthalate; drying or non-drying oils; emulsifiers; wetting agents; anion-active compounds such as ammonium or ethanolamine salts of fatty acids, an alkali metal salt of the sulphonic acid of a substituted hydrocarbon or of a fatty alcohol sulphonic acid, a sulphurized fatty acid or an esterified oil, condensation products of a fatty acid with an aliphatic or aromatic hydroxy- or amino-sulphonic acid and with an amino-carboxylic acid and a protein; reaction products of ethylene oxide with a fatty acid, fatty alcohol, fatty acid amide, alkyl phenol or alkyl naphthol; hydrophobic agents such as silicones, wax, paraffin or mineral oil emulsions, if desired together with, fatty alcohols, polyurethanes, polyureas, fatty acid amides and rosins; protective colloids such as glue, casein, lecithin, mucilages, gums or cellulose ethers; thickeners such as oil-in-water benzine emulsions; and potentially acid substances such as ammonium nitrate or ammonium chloride.  Numerous examples are given.ALSO:Fibrous materials or foils are dyed or printed with a padding liquor or paste containing an organic or inorganic pigment and, as a binding agent, a polyvinyl acetal aqueous dispersion which has been obtained as described in Specification 895,428 (by condensing polyvinyl alcohol with an aldehyde in the presence of an acid condensation catalyst and effecting dispersion of the acetal in the same operation) and then heated or steamed.  The liquor or paste may also contain condensates of urea, alkylated ureas or melamine with aldehydes, which may be partially or completely etherified, tetramethylol acetylene-diurea, reaction products of dicyandiamide with aldehydes, the N-sulphonic acid salt-aminoplast precursor-polyhydroxy compound condensation products of Specification 879,873; polymers based on vinyl esters, acrylic esters, vinyl chloride, vinylidene chloride, styrene, butadiene, acrylonitrile or isobutylene; the polyfunctional compounds containing a heterocyclic three-membered ring of Specification 810,548; plasticisers such as dibutyl phthalate; drying or non-drying oils; emulsifiers; wetting agents; anion-active compounds such as ammonium or ethanolamine salts of fatty acids, an alkali metal salt of the sulphonic acid of a substituted hydrocarbon or a fatty alcohol sulphonic acid, a sulphurized fatty acid, or an esterified oil, condensation products of a fatty acid with an aliphatic or aromatic hydroxy- or amino-sulphonic acid and with an amino-carboxylic carboxylic acid and a protein; reaction products of ethylene oxide with a fatty acid, fatty alcohol, fatty acid amide, alkyl phenol or alkyl naphthol; hydrophobic agents such as silicones, wax, paraffin or mineral oil emulsions, if desired together with, fatty alcohols, polyurethanes, polyureas, fatty acid amides and rosins; protective colloids such as glue, casein, lecithin, mucilages, gums or cellulose ethers; thickeners such as oil-in-water benzine emulsions; and potentially acid substances such as ammonium nitrate or ammonium chloride.  The process is applicable to fibrous materials of natural or regenerated cellulose, acetyl cellulose, polyacrylonitrile, polyvinyl chloride, polyamides or polyesters, animal fibres, glass or asbestos fibres, paper, artificial leather, and foils of all kinds.  Numerous examples are given.