Patent GB-441806-A (GB)
Title: A process for the production of valuable products from mineral oils
IPC: C10G50/02
Filed: 1935-03-28
Abstract: Mineral oils containing aromatics are treated with acetylene hydrocarbons in presence of a condensing catalyst to obtain desulphurized aromatic-free kerosenes, gas oils, and lubricating oils, and also film-forming oils and solid resinous products for use, with or without fillers, in making lacquers, varnishes, and plastic masses.  The products may be fractioned, e.g. by extraction with solvents and distillation, and the oil products may be again treated to produce more resin.  The process is conducted at ordinary or increased pressure at temperatures from below 0 DEG  to above 50 DEG C., and usually in presence of a diluent, e.g. cyclohexane, petroleum ether or kerosene, any contained aromatics taking part in the reaction.  The initial materials and the process conditions may be chosen to produce mainly the resin or the refined oil.  Initial oils specified are Borneo oils, cracking residues or distillates, Edeleanu extracts.  Suitable catalysts are aluminium chloride, zinc chloride, ferric chloride and boron fluoride.  Gas mixtures containing acetylene may be used, e.g. cracking gases, or mixtures obtained from methane or gases containing methane by pyrolysis, incomplete combustion, or treatment in the electric arc; the acetylene content may be increased before use, e.g. by solvent extraction.  In an example, 35,6 gm. of Borneo lubricating oil is dissolved in petroleum ether, 4,85 gm. of aluminium chloride is added, and the mixture maintained at 50 DEG  C. while acetylene is introduced for 3\ba1/2\be hours with stirring and for 40 mins. without introduction of acetylene; it is then left to stand at room temperature for 16 hours. 1 gm. of gas is absorbed.  The partially solid reaction mass is extracted with petroleum ether, and the extract shaken with and filtered from "Norite" (Registered Trade Mark), freed from solvent, and 2,3 gm. distilled off at 2,5 mm. and 165--175 DEG  C.; 26,2 gm. of refined and improved lubricating oil remains.  The product insoluble in petroleum ether is extracted with a 1 : 1 mixture of benzol and petroleum ether, shaken with and filtered from "Norite," and freed from solvent; 4,6 gm. of highly viscous brown matter is obtained.  The residual sludges are treated with water to decompose aluminium chloride, and extracted with benzol; 3,0 gm. of a solid brown resin is obtained.  In a second example, cycle stock B.P. 170--340 DEG  C., obtained by cracking mineral oil containing aromatics is treated at 30--31 DEG  C.ALSO:Mineral oils containing aromatics are treated with acetylene hydrocarbons in presence of a condensing catalyst to obtain desulphurized aromatic-free kerosenes, gas oils, and lubricating oils, and also film-forming oils and solid resinous products for use, with or without fillers, in making lacquers, varnishes, and plastic masses.  The products may be fractioned, e.g. by extraction with solvents and distillation, and the oil products may be again treated to produce more resin.  The process is conducted at ordinary or increased pressure at temperatures from below O DEG  C. to above 50 DEG  C., and usually in presence of a diluent, e.g. cyclohexane, petroleum ether, or kerosene, any contained aromatics taking part in the reaction.  The initial materials and p  the process conditions may be chosen to produce mainly the resin or the refined oil.  Initial oils specified are Borneo oils, cracking residues or distillates, Edeleanu extracts. Suitable catalysts are aluminium chloride, zinc chloride ferric chloride and boron fluoride.  Gas mixtures containing acetylene may be used, e.g. cracking gases, or mixtures obtained from methane or gases containing methane by pyrolysis, incomplete combustion, or treatment in the electric arc; the acetylene content may be increased before use, e.g. by solvent extraction.  In an example, 35,6 gm. of Borneo lubricating oil is dissolved in petroleum ether, 4,85 gm. of aluminium chloride is added, and the mixture maintained at 50 DEG  C. while acetylene is introduced for 3\ba1/2\be hours with stirring and for 40 minutes without introduction of acetylene; it is then left to stand at room temperature for 16 hours.  1 gm. of gas is absorbed. The partially solid reaction mass is extracted with petroleum ether, and the extract shaken with and filtered from " Norite " (Registered Trade Mark), freed from solvent, and 2,3 gm. distilled off at 2,5 mm. and 165--175 DEG  C.; 26,2 gm. of refined and improved lubricating oil remains.  The product insoluble in petroleum ether is extracted with a 1 : 1 mixture of benzol and petroleum ether, shaken with and filtered from " Norite," and freed from solvent; 4,6 gm. of highly viscous brown matter is obtained.  The residual sludges are treated with water to decompose aluminium chloride, and extracted with benzol; 3/m10 gm. of a solid brown resin is obtained.  In a second example, cycle stock B.P. 17--340 DEG  C., obtained by cracking mineral oil containing aromatics is treated at 30--31 DEG  C.