Patent GB-1123203-A (GB)
Title: Improvements relating to asphalt emulsions
IPC: C08K5/3445
Filed: 1965-10-13
Abstract: A slurry of aggregate, for example gravel, sand, limestone, calcite, dolomite, is made with an asphalt emulsion containing an amphoteric emulsifying agent of general formula <FORM:1123203/C3/1> in which w, x and y may each be 0 or 1,R21, R31 R41 may include -OH, ether, keto groups, G is -OH, a sulphonic acid or sulphate radical or a group of general formula <FORM:1123203/C3/2> where X is halogen.  The aggregate preferably has a moisture content of 5-20% and may be mixed with the emulsion in proportions 4-10 parts aggregate to 0.5-5 parts emulsion.  The emulsion may contain 50% to 75% asphalt and may include a secondary emulsifying agent which is cationic, anionic or non-ionic.  The cationic emulsifier may be a tetra-substituted quaternary ammonium compound, or a salt of an organic nitrogen base having 12 to 24 carbon atoms.  The anionic emulsifier may be alkylaryl sulphonate, alkyl sulphate, alkyl polyphosphate, amidophosphate salts, sulphosuccinates.  The non-ionic emulsifier may be a polyethylene-oxy- or polyethyleneoxy - polypropyleneoxy emulsifier. Other additives are hydroxyethylcellulose, soya flour, carboxyvinyl polymer, sodium pentachlorophenoxide, petroleum naphtha, CaCl2, AlCl3, Portland cement, diatomaceous earth, glass wool, rock wool, hemp, or cotton. The asphalt may be natural or steam-refined or air-blown petroleum asphalt, and may have PEN 0-300 and softening point 90-250 DEG  F. The mix may be applied as a "slurry seal" or by spray.ALSO:An oil-in-water emulsion comprises asphalt, water and an amphoteric emulsifying agent having the general formula <FORM:1123203/B1-B2/1> where w is 0 or 1, x is 0 or 1, y is 0 or 1, (w + x + y) is at least 1, R1 is a C4 to C18 hydrocarbon radical, R21, R31, R41 are each an aliphatic C1 to C4 hydrocarbon group, a hydroxysubstituted C1 to C4 hydrocarbon group, an aliphatic ether group having a single ether linkage and 2, 3 or 4 carbon atoms, an aliphatic ether group having a single ether linkage and otherwise being a hydroxy-substituted C2, C3 or C4 hydrocarbon, or an aliphatic keto group having a single keto linkage and otherwise being a C2, C3, or C4 hydrocarbon or hydroxy-substituted hydrocarbon, M1 is hydrogen, hydroxy, alkali metal or -COOA, where A is alkali metal, E is -OH or -COOA, G is -OH, a sulphonic acid or sulphate radical, or a group of general formula <FORM:1123203/B1-B2/2> where x is halogen.  The emulsion may comprise by weight 50% to 75% asphalt, 25% to 50% water, 0.5% to 3.5% amphoteric emulsifying agent.  The emulsion may also contain a cationic, anionic or non-ionic emulsifying agent in proportion 0.005% to 3%. The cationic emulsifier may be a tetra-substituted quaternary ammonium compound, or a salt of an organic nitrogen base having 12 to 24 carbon atoms.  The anionic emulsifier may be alkylaryl sulphonate, alkyl sulphate, alkyl polyphosphate, amidophosphate salts, sulphosuccinates.  The non-ionic emulsifier may be a polyethylene-oxy- or polyethyleneoxy-polypropyleneoxy emulsifier. Other additives are inorganic materials, hydroxyethyl-cellulose, soya flour, carboxyvinyl polymer, sodium pentachlorophenoxide, petroleum naphtha.