Patent GB-775466-A (GB)
Title: Improvements in or relating to lubricating oil compositions
Filed: 1953-05-22
Abstract: Terpene-phosphorus sulphide-sulphur reaction products are prepared by reacting a phosphorus sulphide such as P2S5 with a terpene and sulphur; alternatively the sulphide and terpene may first be reacted together and the sulphur then added.  Terpenes referred to are a - and b -pinene, camphene, bornylene, nopinene, fenchene, thujene, sabinene and carene.  In an example, P2S5 and sulphur are added to a -pinene at 125 DEG  C. and hydrocarbon lubricating oil and a diatomaceous filter aid added to the reaction mixture.  Excess a -pinene is stripped off and the mixture filtered.  The reaction product contains 3.6 per cent of phosphorus and 14 per cent of sulphur.  The zinc and barium salts of reaction products of phosphorus sulphides and esters of alcohols and tail oil fatty acids or mixtures of alcohols and tall oil fatty acids are described.  The tall oil fatty acids are those fatty acids which contain 16-18 carbon atoms, for example oleic, linoleic, linolenic, stearic and palmitic acids.  Alcohols referred to are octadecanol, butanol, isopropanol and oleyl, lauryl, tridecyl, cetyl and octyl alcohols, ethylene and propylene glycols, octylphenoxyethanol, dihydroabietyl alcohol and b -sitosterol.  In an example, the octadecyl ester of a fatty acid mixture containing 40-60 per cent oleic acid, 60-40 per cent linoleic acid and 3-5 per cent of other fatty acids is refluxed with butanol and sodium hydroxide, an aqueous solution of zinc chloride added and the mixture refluxed.  Water and butanol are removed, P4S3 added and a stream of air blown into the reaction mixture.  Zinc oxide and a little water are added and then barium hydroxide; water is removed by blowing with air, diatomaceous earth added and the mixture filtered. Part of the zinc forms salts with the carboxylic groups of the original ester and the barium and remaining zinc forms salts with the phosphorus and thiophosphorus acid mixture formed in the reaction and containing phosphites, phosphates, phosphonates and thiophosphonates. Other products may be prepared in a similar manner from the isopropyl ester and ethylene glycol diester of the above described fatty acid mixture, lauryl, octadecenyl and tridecyl oleates and oleyl stearate.ALSO:A lubricating oil composition contains a hydrocarbon lubricating oil, a terpenephosphorus sulphide-sulphur reaction product and a zinc or barium salt of a phosphorus sulphide-oxygen reaction product with esters of alcohols and tall oil fatty acids or mixtures of alcohols and tall oil fatty acids. Terpenes specified are a- and b -pinene, camphene, bornylene, nopinene, fenchene, thujene, sabiene and carene; the reaction products may be obtained by reaction with phosphorus pentasulphide and sulphur.  The tall oil fatty acids are those fatty acids which contain 16-18 carbon atoms, for example oleic, linoleic, linolenic, stearic and palmitic acids.  Alcohols referred to are octadecanol, butanol, isopropanol and oleyl, lauryl, tridecyl, cetyl and octyl alcohols ethylene and propylene glycols, octylphenoxyethanol, dihydroabietyl alcohol and b -sitosterol. The esters may be reacted with phosphorus sesquisulphide.