Patent GB-959675-A (GB)
Title: The antibiotic actinospectacin and a process for the production thereof
IPC: C12P17/18
Filed: 1960-08-24
Abstract: <FORM:0959675/C2/1> The antibiotic actino spectacin is produced by cultivating an actinospectacin-producing strain of streptomyces spectabilis in an aqueous nutrient medium containing an assimilable source of carbon and an assimilable nitrogen compound or proteinaceous material with or without nutrient salts under aerobic conditions until substantial actino-spectacin activity is imparted to said medium by production of actino spectacin and recovering actinospectacin from the fermented aqueous nutrient medium provided that in the case where the strain streptomyces spectabilis NRRL 2494 is used the fermentation beer after filtration is passed over a cation exchange resin to separate the actino spectacin from the strepto varicin which is produced simultaneously and passes through the resin without being absorbed. Fermentation is preferably conducted at 18-37 DEG C. for 2-10 days. The antibiotics recovered by adsorption, preferably in protonated form, on to a capillary adsorbent e.g. carbon, decolorising resins and alumina gel which is diluted with water containing an aliphatic ketone or on to a cation exchange resin of the carboxylic or sulphonic type, which is eluted water or water acidified with a non-oxidising mineral acid having a pK less than 2. The antibiotic is purified by adsorption, partition chromotography or counter current distribution procedures, successive transfers from the protonated to the non-protonated form, and recrystallisation. The antibiotic forms acid addition salts with acids e.g. with hydrochloric, sulphuric, phosphoric, acetic, succinic, maleic, fumaric, methane sulphonic, benzene sulphonic, helianthic, Reinecke's, azobenzene-sulphonic and picric acids. The salts are converted to the free base by neutralising with an alkali or an anion exchange resin. The antibiotic actino spectacin is a dibasic nitrogen base Pka=7 and Pka=8.7. It is soluble in water miscible solvents and insoluble in water-immiscible solvents. It has the following additional properties of elementary analysis C=50.59, H=7.28, N=8.43, O=33.70, H2O=24.54; empirical formula C14H24N207, structural formula: <FORM:0959675/C2/2> where X is 5 or 6; an I.R. spectrum as shown in Fig. 2; [a ]25D=-20 DEG (H2O); melting range 184-194 DEG C.; No. U.V. spectrum from 220-400 mm  (H2O); gives negative Benedicts, Maltol and Sakaguchi tests and an acid hydrolysis with 6N HCl gives the dihydrochloride of actinamine, 1, 3-deoxy-1, 3-bis (methylamino) mycinositol and an alkaline rearrangement gives tetrahydro -3- hydroxy -5- methyl -2- [2,4,6-trihydroxy-3, 5-bis (methylamino) - cyclohexyloxy] -3- furoic acid. The free base and its salts are used to treat diseases in mammals and birds in their feed or drinking water or as a parenteral injection of a sterile aqueous solution. Specification 811,757 is referred to.ALSO:The antibiotic actino spectacin and its salts (see Division C2) are used as a bactericidal wash to treat equipment, floors &c. and is used to impregnate, paper and fabrics to render them bacteriostatic. Specification 811,757 is referred to.ALSO:The antibiotic actinorpectacin or a salt thereof (see Division C2) alone or admixture with other antibiotics, is used as a feed supplement for birds or mammals to promote growth.  Specification 811,757 is referred to.